text:
By Ben Levisohn
March was a great month for Macau's casinos–and it wasn't just the so-called mass-market gamblers who helped drive revenues last month.
In a report released today, Citigroup's Anil Daswani notes that VIP revenue grew by about 24% in March from the previous year, thanks to a 10% rise in volume. High-roller revenue rose 9.4% during the first quarter of 2013, above Citi's own estimates of 7% growth.
Who's befitting from the VIP gambler? MGM Resorts International's (MGM) MGM China gained 1.7 percentage points of market share to 11.9% in March, while Galaxy Entertainment Group's (27.HK) share rose 1.3 points to 19.9%. Daswani says it's "worth highlighting that Wynn (WYNN) slipped to last place in the VIP market share race.
Macau's gambling stocks are bouncing back today after bird flu-induced selling last week, and the city's government says it poses no risk to the health of its citizens. That seems about right, says RBC Capital Market's John Kempf. In response to an email question today, he wrote:
At this stage, we consider fears regarding the avian virus as premature and a little overblown. Right now, these appear to be isolated cases not near Macau, and we are not anticipating a breakout similar to the SARS virus that occurred in early-2000′s. Monthly detailed gaming revenues continue to show the strength of the Macau mass market, which is contributing to the bounce we are seeing today.
MGM has gained 1.1% to $12.12, WYN has gained 2.5% to $120.97, and Las Vegas Sands has jumped 2.2% to $53.90. Melco Crown Entertainment (MEPL) has gained 2.9% to $22.45.

subset: commoncrawl


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The global railcar lessor's diluted earnings per share stood at $1.44 for Q1 2017, down from Q1 2016, but still surpassing analyst expectations thanks to higher-than-expected gains on railcar sales.
The approximate $113 million acquisition of Rickmers Maritime Trust's entire fleet of 14 Panamax-sized containerships will triple Navios Maritime Partners' containership fleet.
Trading of shares in troubled Taiwanese ocean carrier Yang Ming have been suspended on the Taiwan Stock Exchange until at least May 4 as the firm prepares to reduce its equity capital by over 50 percent, according to multiple media reports.
Registration takes less than 1 minute.
The U.S. Department of Justice served several container shipping lines with subpoenas last week in Sausalito, Calif., where their top executives were attending industry meetings.
The German ocean carrier is citing benefits from its planned merger with United Arab Shipping Company, but Reuters has reported a "snag" in those plans.
The ocean shipping electronic marketplace has paid an undisclosed sum for Avantida, a cloud-based provider of solutions, to better manage empty containers.


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It figures. I'm starting to grow my hair pointy enough at work that I don't get to do much code anymore. But hey, there's always free software, right?
So I (foolishly) let jlof know that I'll take over maintainership of GtkGlArea for him, figuring that this will get me to dig into OpenGL and Gtk2 code getting it ported to the new Gtk+.
In reality, I end up doing administrative work while someone else goes ahead and does the port anyway. :^/
I guess I'm doomed for management. jfleck is right, once you start taking leadership roles it's hard to actually do the work yourself anymore.
Is busy.


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Hello and welcome to the group!
Welcome to the Quilting Board!
Hello and welcome to the group!
"Be yourself; everyone else is already taken."
-Oscar Wilde
Hello and welcome from Washington
Welcome from Adrian, MI
Welcome from GA
Joyce T, RN retired
Laughter is the best medicine
Hello, welcome from Oklahoma!!!
Hello Dora!
Welcome from Minnesota!
Glad you've joined us!
Hello Dora, and Welcome to the QB from North Carolina. Sew glad you could join us. You'll love it here
Happiness is a form of travel...not a destination.


text:
Possible Cheney murder suicide under investigation
CHENEY, Wash. - The Spokane County Sheriff's Office and Cheney Police are investigating an apparent murder suicide at the Rosebrook Inn in Cheney.
Cheney Police went to the apartment for a welfare check Saturday morning. Inside the apartment they found the bodies of a man and a woman, a gun and shell casings.
Detectives say the victims were neighbors. The male victim lived in unit 7, the female victim in unit 5.Possible Cheney murder suicide under investigation
The male victim was last seen Wednesday and was reported as a missing person on Friday.
Detectives said Cheney police officers knocked on the door of unit 7 Friday evening but did not get a response or notice anything unusual.
This case is still under investigation.


text:
The wires come from the midpoints of the screen edges.
Let's say you connect left and bottom to ground and right and top to +5V and the resistors are 500 ohm. Touching the center will give a left-right and top bottom value of 500.
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Donatella Delfino, assistant professor of mathematics at Hope College, has received a grant from the National Science Foundation's "Professional Opportunities for women in Research and Education" (POWRE) Program.
Selection for the awards is highly competitive.
Only about 175 of the awards are presented annually, with
candidates drawn from all areas of science and engineering.
The NSF established the POWRE program in 1997 to
help correct the under-representation of women in science
and engineering. The program seeks to increase the
prominence of women in such fields, and to enhance their
professional development by providing funding opportunities
that are not ordinarily available through regular research
and education grant programs.
Delfino's $74,959 award will support her as she
conducts research at Rutgers University in New Jersey during
the 2000-01 academic year and the summer of 2001. She will
investigate computational commutative algebra, continuing
some on-going projects and beginning new research as well,
and will be working with Professor Wolmer Vasconcelos of the
Rutgers mathematics faculty.
This summer, she and two undergraduate students
from Cornell University and St. Olaf College will go to
Rutgers to consult with Vasconcelos on a research project.
Their work will be supported by an NSF "Research Experiences
for Undergraduates" grant held by Hope's department of
mathematics and by a grant she has received from the
Association for Women in Mathematics.
A native of Italy, Delfino completed her "Laurea
in matematica" at the Universita di Genova in 1987. She
completed her doctorate at Purdue University in 1994.
Prior to joining the Hope mathematics faculty in
1997, she was an assistant professor at the University of


text:
If the bathroom fixtures in your home were made before 1995, then you are flushing money down the toilet. By switching to a WaterSense toilet and repairing or replacing leaky plumbing fixtures and sprinkler systems, you can save 10,000 gallons of water per year and as much as 10 percent on your utility bill. That's the message of the just-ended Fix a Leak Week, an annual reminder from the Environmental Protection Agency to be more miserly with your water.
"Easy-to-fix household leaks waste more than one trillion gallons of water annually nationwide, which is equal to the amount of water used by more than 11 million homes," says Nancy Stoner, the EPA's Acting Administrator for the Office of Water.
As a rule of thumb, if winter water usage for a family of four exceeds 12,000 gallons per month, it's likely that the home has a leak problem. Here are some easy tips from the EPA:
• Check your water meter before and after a two-hour period when no water is being used. If the meter changes at all, you probably have a leak.
• Identify toilet leaks by placing a drop of food coloring in the toilet tank. If any color shows up in the bowl after 15 minutes, you have a leak. (Be sure to flush immediately after the experiment to avoid staining the tank.)
[Thinking of remodeling your bathroom? Click to find a contractor now.]
• Examine faucet gaskets and pipe fittings for any water on the outside of the pipe to check for surface leaks.
• Check your garden hose for leaks at its connection to the spigot. If it leaks while you run your hose, replace the nylon or rubber hose washer and ensure a tight connection to the spigot using pipe tape and a wrench.
By law, all toilets made since 1995 must use no more than 1.6 gallons per flush but toilets that meet the EPA's WaterSense requirements use just 1.28 gallons per flush or less, on average. The two CR Best Buys in Consumer Reports' toilet Ratings are WaterSense models that cost only $100—the Aquasource AT1203-00 sold at Lowe's and the Glacier Bay Dual Flush N2316 sold at the Home Depot. Our top-scoring model was the American Standard Champion 4 2002.014, which costs $300.
Of the 11 toilets recommended in Consumer Reports' latest toilet tests, five are WaterSense models that use only 1.28 gallons per flush, yet performed comparably with top-scoring toilets that use 1.4 to 1.6 gallons per flush in our tough, solid-waste tests.
Consumer Reports has no relationship with any advertisers or sponsors on this website. Copyright © 2007-2013 Consumers Union of U.S., Inc. No reproduction, in whole or in part, without written permission.


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They knew the NEXT day it was not caused by the video Susan Rice was on TV that Sunday Lying blaming it on a video isnt that a LIE? Who told her to go on TV and make that statement? Thats going to be the good part
They had the budget, they had the resources they just said NO to their request for extra security.They have emails showing they knew the day after it was an attack NOTHING to do with the video, yet obama hillary jay carney all kept blaming the video sorry but thats a lie.
Last edited by 23721; 10-10-2012 at 03:44 PM.
I wonder what a lot of you will be saying 6 months from now when if Romeny gets elected and all that he is promising doesn't happen?
All success belongs to the dog, all failure to the trainer.
If we dont like him he will get the boot just like obama
Stacy dash is an african american actress that plans to vote for Romney after tweeting that she was verbally attacked like she said we want a Pres that will unite not divide and a smart guy that can help the economy .
Last edited by 23721; 10-10-2012 at 03:56 PM.
I watched all 4 hours. I took many notes. Several Democrats said that a lack of $$ was the reason there was not sufficient security,
But when Ms. Lamb and Ambassador Kennedy of the State Dept. were asked, they said that a lack of funds were not the reason for a lack of security and that there were funds to keep security there and to add more security.
The professionals at the post in Libya asked for security many times. They reported the threats and the volatile situation many times. They sent cables, they made phone calls. The security they had was cut and they were told to deal with what they had. They were told not to even ask, because they would be denied.
It was testified that there was no plan whatsoever after February to provide more security. Instead, the State Dept. was to out in to place "normalcy". We never got a clear definition of what that means, but part of what that means is to make Americans think and the world to think democracy is progressing quite nicely in Libya and that all is well.
Regarding Ms. Lamb to whom the requests for more security personnel were sent... she denied them. She was on the hot seat during the hearing. But ...at one time she was asked if she had the final authority and she said no. She said she consulted with her two superiors before denying. She was asked who those two superiors were and she named them and their positions. I did not catch the names, but one was an assistant to the Secretary of State who instructed her to deny additional security.
Amazingly, no one on the Committee followed up on this part of her testimony. I hope her superiors will be interviewed by the Committee as there was a chain of command in the State Dept. and it did not stop with Ms. Lamb nor with Patrick Kennedy who is in charge of State Dept management of the US embassies and consulates around the world.
They were on the hot seat today.. their superiors in the State Dept who really made the decisions need to be there.
I applaud Lt. Col. Andrew Wood and Eric Nordstrom who testified today. They did not back down...
Thanks for the update.
All success belongs to the dog, all failure to the trainer.


text:
National Retriever Field Trial Championship (NRFTC), aka. the "National Open" or "the National" is put on by the National Retriever Club (NRC). The winner earns the title "National Field Trial Champion" (NFC) aka. "National Field Champion" aka. "National Champion."
National Amateur Retriever Field Trial Championship (NARFTC), aka. the "National Amateur" or "the National Am" is put on by the National Amateur Retriever Club (NARC). The winner earns the title "National Amateur Field Trial Champion" (NAFC) aka. "National Amateur Field Champion" aka. "National Amateur Champion."


text:
Are all spiders poisonous? read more
I have heard but not seen any research that the wildlife research station at the Savannah River atomic facility in Barnwell South Carolina has discovered that timber rattlesnakes from e/central Georgia and w/central South Carolina have a very strong neurotoxic venom constituient almost identical to the A population of the Mojave rattlesnake in the Arizona, s/California area. read more
I love to feed and watch the squirrels but I worry about where they go in the winter time. read more
When do black bears normally hibernate in the area along the Front Range of the ... read more
How do you care for a Mediterranean Gecko? What do they eat? How much do they ne... read more
What is a red wolf's hunting range? read more
Black ant, red stripe around each section of body, 1/2 to 3/4" long
read more
How come the Western Fence lizards are so slow this time of year?
read more
How rare is an albino oppossum? I have been searching for this answer since I have seen this critter numerous times by my house. read more
Why does the Morro Bay Kangaroo Rat convert dry seeds into water? Do they hibern... read more
I just started collecting skulls and I was wondering what is a good method to get them whiter. read more
I am trying to figure out why skunks & weasels have not survived in the immediate area I live. read more
At the end of September, on a sunny afternoon in Texas, I saw:
seven shiny, black animals darting across the surface of a pond. read more
what is the lifespan of a deer? How can you tell how old a deer is ? read more
We have a large garden spider living between our screen and storm window. As it is late fall here in upstate NY, it's time to pull down the storm window and cover the entire window with plastic from the outside; however, we don't want to disturb the spider or kill it by trapping it behind plastic . read more
I have heard that Lady Bugs can bite......Do you know if they do or if it is just certain species. read more
We live in Southern California (Ventura Co.) and we found a very small mouse in our backyard. read more
Are flying squirrels found at all in cities - possibly large city parks? read more
I found 17 clear, jelly eggs under a pile of stuff in my yard. They were in moist dirt. read more
What is the life span of the Mediterranean Gecko? Where does it go during the w... read more
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Tuesday, September 11, 2012
Designer Tidbits: Jacquelynne Steves
Jacquelynne Steves, the designer behind The Noble Wife for Henry Glass Fabrics, is a self described "Jackie of all trades." She is an artist, dabbling in various mediums, and is charming us with her latest fabric endevor, Fruitful Hands. Jacquelynne stopped by the Jolly Jabber to chat about her yummy collection, so continue reading for some fruity inspiration!
Q: To what or whom would you dedicate this collection, or what inspired this collection?
A: This fabric collection was inspired by my book, also called Fruitful Hands, which was released last summer by Kansas City Star. It has 13 projects and 12 recipes, and is an homage to our mothers, grandmothers, and great-grandmothers. We dedicate this book to those who had to be creative with needle & thread and in the kitchen because their families depended on it. Now, we get to be creative just for fun, not as a requirement for survival. I did a lot of watercolor artwork and illustrations for the book, and it seemed to be a natural leap to a fabric line. The pears seem to be everyone's favorite.
Q: What is your favorite project using this collection?
A: My favorite project is definitely the cherry quilt! I love cherries because they are so bright and cheery. I remember that my grandmother used to do a lot of canning in the summer, and seeing these bright fruits reminds me of the colorful Mason jars lined up on the shelves of her basement pantry. That's how I got the name for the pattern, Grandma's Pantry.
I also really like this potholder that I made with the collection. It was very simple, and potholders make great holiday gifts! If you start now you will have time to make a lot of them… I have an easy-to-follow tutorial on my blog.
Q: What would be your collection's theme song?
A: Walking on Sunshine by Katrina & the Waves. I hope that is makes everyone who sees it feel happy and cheerful.
Q: If you could live in a movie, what movie would it be?
A: Definitely, without a doubt, Pride & Prejudice (2005). It's my very favorite movie. I love the costumes, the scenery, the sound track, and the way that the characters speak so poetically. I think I've seen it a hundred times. The soundtrack is my favorite CD to listen to in my studio while I'm working. Actually, I would love to be in any Jane Austen movie. I've visited England twice and it's one of my very favorite places.
Q: What do you get nostalgic over?
A: My carefree childhood, when my parents could send us outside and we just had to be home by dinner. They had no idea what we were up to, but they didn't have to worry. I spent hours wandering the yard and the woods and riding my bike. Time spent alone with just my imagination (and no TV or video games or computers) really nurtured my creativity. Times are different now, you have to watch your kids every second. It seems that a lot of the innocence of childhood is gone, and I find that sad. I wish we could go back to simpler, safer times.
Q: What is your favorite TV show of all time?
A: So many, but probably Happy Days and Laverne & Shirley. There's some nostalgia! Shows made in the 1970's about the 1950's, which I miss in 2012!
Q: If you could be a modern day fictional character, who would you be?
A: Ellen Ripley from the Alien movies- she kicks some serious butt!
Q: What's the strangest compliment you've ever received?
A: A waiter at the Rainforest Café in Toronto said to me, "Everyone must tell you that you look just like Marg Helgenberger." Compliment because Marg Helgenberger is gorgeous, strange because I look nothing like her! And no, no one else has ever told me that. (I think he was just fishing for a larger tip.)
Posted by Fat Quarter Shop at 9:00 AM
Labels: Designer Tidbits, Henry Glass Fabrics
5 comments:
- CBH said...
Thank you so much for this post. I want to let you know that I posted a link to your blog in Creative Busy Bee Craft Inspirations, under the Page 4 post on Sep. 11, 2012. Thanks again.
- September 11, 2012 at 9:09 AM
- Stitched With Prayer said...
Oh my gosh, I love Jacquelynne Steves! I have followed her "Noble Wife" blog for a long time. Lots of inspiration, joy and blessings to be found there. Though I mainly lurk there, it is truly a most wonderful place to visit each day. Gorgeous fabric collection!!! Hugs....
- September 11, 2012 at 11:02 AM
- Martina said...
Thanks so much for the interview. I am a follower of her blog already and love to read the posts. The fabric lines are so lovely!
- September 11, 2012 at 1:16 PM
- Dianne Mitzel said...
Love her blog, just found it today, and was thrilled with the fabric collection. Love the cherry quilt..keep the inspiration coming. I so agree with your hope that we could return to a safer, more carefree life.
- September 11, 2012 at 7:41 PM
- Miss Avy said...
I am excited to hear all the fun things you are thinking about and designing. Keep up the creative and fruitful work! I love it.
- September 13, 2012 at 11:03 AM


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9.4: Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals
Lesson Objectives
- Describe valence bond theory as it pertains to the formation of a covalent bond between atoms.
- Describe the process of electron promotion and hybridization during the formation of hybrid orbitals.
- Explain the relationship between electron domain geometry and the various types of hybrid orbitals.
- Distinguish between sigma and pi bonding.
- hybridization
- hybrid orbitals
- pi bond (π)
- sigma bond (σ)
- valence bond theory
Check Your Understanding
Recalling Prior Knowledge
- How are electrons arranged in atomic orbitals?
- What is the difference between the electron domain geometry of a molecule and its molecular geometry?
Earlier in this chapter, you learned how to draw Lewis electron-dot structures for molecules and predict their shapes using VSEPR theory. In this lesson, we will see how these concepts relate to the way in which electrons behave in their atomic orbitals when a covalent bond forms.
Valence Bond Theory
You have learned that a covalent bond forms when the electron clouds of two atoms overlap with each other. In a simple H2 molecule, the single electron in each atom becomes attracted to the nucleus of the other atom in the molecule as the atoms come closer together. An optimum distance between the two nuclei, equal to the bond length, is eventually attained, and the potential energy reaches a minimum. At this point, a stable single covalent bond has formed between the two hydrogen atoms. Other covalent bonds form in the same way as unpaired electrons from two atoms "match up" to form the bond. In a fluorine atom, there is an unpaired electron in one of the 2p orbitals. When a F2 molecule forms, the 2p orbitals from each of the two atoms overlap to produce the F−F covalent bond. The overlapping orbitals do not have to be of the same type. For example, in a molecule of HF, the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atom overlaps with the 2p orbital of the fluorine atom (Figure below).
In a molecule of hydrogen fluoride (HF), the covalent bond occurs due to an overlap between the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atom and the 2p orbital of the fluorine atom.
In essence, any covalent bond results from the overlap of atomic orbitals. This idea forms the basis for a quantum mechanical theory called valence bond (VB) theory. Valence bond theory states that covalent bonds are formed by the overlap of partially filled atomic orbitals.
Hybrid Orbitals
The bonding scheme described by valence bond theory must account for molecular geometries as predicted by VSEPR theory. To do that, we must introduce a concept called hybrid orbitals.
sp3 Hybridization
Unfortunately, overlap of existing atomic orbitals (s, p, etc.) is not sufficient to explain some of the bonding and molecular geometries that are observed. Consider the carbon atom in the methane (CH4) molecule. An isolated carbon atom has an electron configuration of 1s22s22p2, meaning that it has two unpaired electrons in its 2p orbitals, as shown below.
According to the description of valence bond theory so far, carbon would be expected to form only two bonds, corresponding to its two unpaired electrons. However, methane is a common and stable molecule that contains four equivalent C−H bonds. One way to account for this might be to promote one of the 2s electrons to the empty 2p orbital.
Now, four bonds are possible. The promotion of the electron "costs" a small amount of energy, but recall that the process of bond formation is accompanied by a decrease in energy. The two extra bonds that can now be formed result in a lower overall energy, and, thus, a greater stability, for the CH4 molecule. Carbon normally forms four bonds in most of its compounds.
The number of bonds is now correct, but the geometry is wrong. The three p orbitals (px, py, pz) are oriented at 90° angles relative to one another. However, as we saw in our discussion of VSEPR theory, the observed H−C−H bond angle in the tetrahedral CH4 molecule is actually 109.5°. Therefore, the methane molecule cannot be adequately represented by simple overlap of the 2s and 2p orbitals of carbon with the 1s orbitals of each hydrogen atom.
To explain the bonding in methane, it is necessary to introduce the concept of hybridization and hybrid atomic orbitals. Hybridization is the mixing of the atomic orbitals in an atom to produce a set of hybrid orbitals. When hybridization occurs, it must do so as a result of the mixing of nonequivalent orbitals. For example, s and p orbitals can hybridize, but p orbitals cannot hybridize with other p orbitals. Hybrid orbitals are the atomic orbitals obtained when two or more nonequivalent orbitals from the same atom combine in preparation for bond formation. In the current case of carbon, the single 2s orbital hybridizes with the three 2p orbitals to form a set of four hybrid orbitals, called sp3 hybrids.
The sp3 hybrids are all equivalent to one another. Spatially, the hybrid orbitals point toward the four corners of a tetrahedron (Figure below).
The process of sp3 hybridization is the mixing of an s orbital with a set of three p orbitals to form a set of four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Each large lobe of the hybrid orbitals points to one corner of a tetrahedron.
The large lobe from each of the sp3 hybrid orbitals then overlaps with normal unhybridized 1s orbitals on each hydrogen atom to form the tetrahedral methane molecule.
Another example of sp3 hybridization occurs in the ammonia (NH3) molecule. The electron domain geometry of ammonia is also tetrahedral, meaning that there are four groups of electrons around the central nitrogen atom. Unlike methane, however, one of those electron groups is a lone pair. The resulting molecular geometry is trigonal pyramidal. Just as in the carbon atom, the hybridization process starts as a promotion of a 2s electron to a 2p orbital, followed by hybridization to form a set of four sp3 hybrids. In this case, one of the hybrid orbitals already contains a pair of electrons, leaving only three half-filled orbitals available to form covalent bonds with three hydrogen atoms.
The trigonal pyramidal ammonia molecule also results from sp3 hybridization of the central (nitrogen) atom. Of the four groups of electrons surrounding the nitrogen atom, three form single covalent bonds to hydrogen atoms, while one group is a lone pair.
The methane and ammonia examples illustrate the connection between orbital hybridization and the VSEPR model. The electron domain geometry predicted by VSEPR leads directly to the type of hybrid orbitals that must be formed to accommodate that geometry. Both methane and ammonia have tetrahedral electron domain geometries and, thus, both undergo sp3 hybridization.
Likewise, the bent-shaped water molecule (H2O) also involves the formation of sp3 hybrids on the oxygen atom. In this case, however, there are two hybrid orbitals which have lone pairs and two which bond to the hydrogen atoms. Because the electron domain geometry for H2O is tetrahedral, the hybridization is sp3.
sp2 Hybridization
Boron trifluoride (BF3) is predicted to have a trigonal planar geometry by VSEPR. First, a paired 2s electron is promoted to an empty 2p orbital.
This is followed by hybridization of the three occupied orbitals to form a set of three sp2 hybrids, leaving the 2pz orbital unhybridized. The choice of which p orbital to leave unhybridized is arbitrary, but 2pz is conventionally chosen in the case of sp2 hybrids.
The geometry of the sp2 hybrid orbitals is trigonal planar, with the large lobe of each orbital pointing toward one corner of an equilateral triangle (Figure below). The angle between any two of the hybrid orbital lobes is 120°. Each can bond with a 2p orbital from a fluorine atom to form the trigonal planar BF3 molecule.
The process of sp2 hybridization involves the mixing of one s orbital with a set of two p orbitals (px and py) to form a set of three sp2 hybrid orbitals. Each large lobe of the hybrid orbitals points to one corner of a triangle.
Other molecules with a trigonal planar electron domain geometry also form sp2 hybrid orbitals. For example, the electron domain geometry of ozone (O3) is trigonal planar, although the presence of a lone pair on the central oxygen atom makes the molecular geometry bent. The hybridization of the central O atom of ozone is sp2.
sp Hybridization
A beryllium hydride (BeH2) molecule is predicted to be linear by VSEPR. The beryllium atom contains only paired electrons, so it must also undergo hybridization. One of the 2s electrons is first promoted to an empty 2p orbital.
The occupied orbitals are then hybridized, and the result is a pair of sp hybrid orbitals. The two remaining p orbitals (arbitrarily chosen to be py and pz) do not hybridize and remain unoccupied.
The geometry of the sp hybrid orbitals is linear, with the large lobes of the two orbitals pointing in opposite directions along one axis, arbitrarily defined as the x-axis (Figure below). Each can bond with a 1s orbital from a hydrogen atom to form the linear BeH2 molecule.
The process of sp hybridization involves the mixing of an s orbital with a single p orbital (conventionally the px orbital), to form a set of two sp hybrids. The two lobes of the sp hybrids point in opposite directions to produce a linear molecule.
Other molecules whose electron domain geometry is linear and for whom hybridization is necessary also form sp hybrid orbitals. Examples include CO2 and C2H2, which will be discussed further in the section on hybridization and multiple bonds.
Hybridization of s, p, and d orbitals
Elements in the third period and beyond are capable of expanding their octet to form molecules with either trigonal bipyramidal or octahedral electron domain geometries. In order to accomplish this, the previously unoccupied orbitals in the d sublevel of the central atom are involved in the hybridization process.
For phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), the electron domain and molecular geometries are trigonal bipyramidal. The electron promotion is from the 3s orbital to an empty 3d orbital.
The hybridization then occurs with a single s orbital, three p orbitals, and a single d orbital. The set of five hybrid orbitals are called sp3d hybrids.
The overlap of the five hybrid sp3d orbitals with the 3p orbital of each chlorine atom results in the five covalent bonds of PCl5. Other molecular geometries derived from trigonal bipyramidal electron domain geometry (seesaw, T-shaped, linear) also display the same hybridization.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has an octahedral electron domain and molecular geometry. In this case, a 3s and a 3p electron are each promoted to two empty 3d orbitals.
The hybridization now occurs with one s orbital, three p orbitals, and two d orbitals. The resulting set of six equivalent orbitals are called sp3d2 hybrids.
The overlap of the six hybrid sp3d2 orbitals with the 2p orbital of each fluorine atom results in the six covalent bonds of SF6. Other molecular geometries derived from an octahedral electron domain geometry (square pyramidal, square planar) also exhibit this type of hybridization. The figure below (Figure below) shows the shape and orientation of the sp3d and sp3d2 hybrid orbital sets.
The expanded octet trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral geometries are a result of sp3d and sp3d2 hybridization, respectively.
The process of hybridization can be summarized by the following steps:
- Draw the Lewis electron-dot structure of the molecule.
- Use VSEPR theory to predict both the electron domain geometry and the molecular geometry of the molecule.
- Match the electron domain geometry to the appropriate hybridization of the central atom.
Summarized below (Table below) are all of the possibilities along with examples of each.
|Electron Domain Geometry
|Hybridization of the Central Atom
|Number of Hybrid Orbitals
|Possible Molecular Geometries
|BeH2, CO2
|Trigonal Planar
|trigonal planar, bent
|tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, bent
|Trigonal Bipyramidal
|trigonal bipyramidal, seesaw, T-shaped, linear
|PCl5, SF4, ClF3, I3−
|octahedral, square pyramidal, square planar
|SF6, BrF5, XeF4
Hybridization in Molecules with Double or Triple Bonds
The hybridization model helps explain molecules with double or triple bonds. Consider the ethene molecule (C2H4). In the lesson, "Lewis Electron Dot Structures," we saw that C2H4 contains a double covalent bond between the two carbon atoms and single bonds between the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms. The entire molecule is planar.
As can be seen above (Figure above), the electron domain geometry around each carbon atom is trigonal planar, which corresponds to sp2 hybridization. Previously, we saw carbon undergo sp3 hybridization in a CH4 molecule, so how does it work in this case? As seen below, the electron promotion is the same, but the hybridization occurs only between the single s orbital and two of the three p orbitals. Thus generates a set of three sp2 hybrids along with an unhybridized 2pz orbital. Each orbital contains one electron and is capable of forming a covalent bond.
The three sp2 hybrid orbitals lie in one plane, while the unhybridized 2pz orbital is oriented perpendicular to that plane. The bonding in C2H4 is explained as follows. One of the three sp2 hybrids forms a bond by overlapping with the identical hybrid orbital on the other carbon atom. The remaining two hybrid orbitals form bonds by overlapping with the 1s orbital of a hydrogen atom. Finally, the 2pz orbitals on each carbon atom form another bond by overlapping with one another sideways.
It is necessary to distinguish between the two types of covalent bonds in a C2H4 molecule. A sigma bond (σ bond) is a bond formed by the overlap of orbitals in an end-to-end fashion, with the electron density concentrated between the nuclei of the bonding atoms. A pi bond (π bond) is a bond formed by the overlap of orbitals in a side-by-side fashion, with the electron density concentrated above and below the plane of the nuclei of the bonding atoms. Pictured below (Figure below) are the two types of bonding in C2H4. The sp2 hybrid orbitals are orange and the pz orbital is green. Three sigma bonds are formed by each carbon atom with its hybrid orbitals. The pi bond is the "second" bond of the double bond between the carbon atoms and is shown as an elongated blue lobe that extends both above and below the plane of the molecule, which contains the six atoms and all of the sigma bonds.
The C2H4 molecule contains five sigma bonds and one pi bond. Sigma bonds are formed by a direct overlap of bonding orbitals, while a pi bond is formed by a side-to-side overlap of unhybridized p orbitals.
In a conventional Lewis electron-dot structure, a double bond is shown as two lines between the atoms, as in C=C. It is important to realize, however, that the two bonds are different; one is a sigma bond, while the other is a pi bond.
Ethyne (C2H2) is a linear molecule with a triple bond between the two carbon atoms. Since each carbon atom is bonded to two other atoms and has no lone pairs, the hybridization of each carbon is sp.
Again, the promotion of an electron in the carbon atom occurs in the same way. However, the hybridization now involves only the 2s orbital and the 2px orbital, leaving the 2py and the 2pz orbitals unhybridized.
The sigma bond between the two carbon atoms is formed from sp hybrid orbitals, and the remaining hybrid orbitals form sigma bonds to the two hydrogen atoms. Both the py and the pz orbitals on each carbon atom form pi bonds with each other. As with ethene, these side-to-side overlaps are not directly on the line between the two bonded atoms. Additionally, these two pi bonds are perpendicular to one another (Figure below); one pi bond is above and below the line of the molecule, while the other is in front of and behind the page.
The C2H2 molecule contains a triple bond between the two carbon atoms, one of which is a sigma bond, and two of which are pi bonds. The pi bonds come from overlap between the py and the pz orbitals on each carbon.
In general, single bonds between atoms are always sigma bonds. Double bonds are comprised of one sigma and one pi bond. Triple bonds are comprised of one sigma bond and two pi bonds.
Lesson Summary
- Valence bond theory describes the formation of covalent bonds in terms of the overlap of singly occupied atomic orbitals.
- The hybridization of nonequivalent atomic orbitals is necessary to correctly predict the bonding and molecular geometries of many molecules. Hybrid orbitals form on the central atom and can either be sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, or sp3d2. The type of hybrid orbitals that are used is dictated by the electron domain geometry.
- Sigma bonds are formed by the end-to-end overlap of bonding orbitals. Pi bonds are formed by the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals. Single bonds are normally sigma bonds. A double or triple bond consists of one sigma bond and either one or two pi bonds.
Lesson Review Questions
Reviewing Concepts
- How does valence bond theory describe covalent bonding?
- What is meant by hybridization of atomic orbitals?
- Indicate the hybridizations associated with each of the following electron domain geometries:
- linear
- tetrahedral
- octahedral
- trigonal planar
- trigonal bipyramidal
- Can two 2p orbitals of an atom hybridize to give two hybridized orbitals? Explain.
- What are the bond angles between two orbitals of each hybrid?
- sp2
- sp3d2
- sp
- sp3
- What is the difference between a sigma bond and a pi bond?
- Describe the bonding that occurs in each of the following diatomic molecules according to valence bond theory, including which atomic orbitals overlap.
- Br2
- Given the following structure:
- Indicate the hybridization of each of the five carbon atoms.
- How many total sigma bonds and pi bonds are there in the molecule?
- State the electron domain geometry and hybridization of the central atom in each of the following molecules. Then, give the molecular geometry of each.
- PCl3
- COCl2
- SeF4
- ICl4−
- KrF2
- XeOF4
Further Reading / Supplemental Links
- Hybridization (http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/bonding/hybridization.htm)
- Sigma and Pi Bonds (http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/bonding/sigmapi.htm)
Points to Consider
In future chapters, we move away from the microscopic world of chemistry and back to a macroscopic view, focusing on the mathematics involved in the analysis of chemical reactions.
- What are different ways to measure the amount of something?
- Since atoms and molecules are so small, how do chemists keep track of the number of them that are taking part in a given reaction?
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December 21, 2007 at 21:35:14 Dec 21, 2007 @ 21:35
Yea thats a risky one. You know they already have wins over Dallas, Detroit, Utah (x2), and Denver this year right?
But to me, Phoenix is just too different from teams like Dallas and Detroit. I'm not trying to say that they're offensively, defensively, or just overall better, but Phoenix just isn't the team that Portland can stay with even for the 1st quarter in my opinion. But we'll see come POR-PHO day... whenever that is. Steve Nash and Amare Stoudamire better go all out. My balls are on the fucking line here.


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Lebanon is a small country whose geography has contributed to a culturally diverse society. Situated on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, Lebanon sits at the intersection between Africa, Europe and the Middle East. Over the centuries, waves of visitors, settlers and invaders have contributed to the rich cultural and religious diversity of the Lebanese people – 4 million of whom live in Lebanon, with another 6 million living around the world making up the sizeable Lebanese diaspora. In fact, Lebanon remains a mosaic of ethnic and religious groups. Against this multiethnic backdrop, efforts to improve the quality of diabetes education have to encompass multiple social and cultural sensitivities. Here, Claudia Matta, an educator from Lebanon, reports on her experience using educational tools developed in partnership with the International Diabetes Federation.
Overcoming cultural challenges and improving diabetes education – a real-life experience from Lebanon
Submitted by aabolina on Thu, 03/14/2013 - 16:19


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Nox-Audio Scout HSM001A0 Headset (Black)
" Now, I recall reading CNET's review on the much overpraised "Nox Audio Scout's" this is what originally made me want to get a pair of these in ears and I have to say, they do have an interesting design. The flanges or rubber pieces on the side of the headphones may look nice or helpful but be warned! they are nothing more than a useless nuisance that gets in the way whenever you try to..." --OmarSy
Rocketfish Mobile - Earbud Headphones - Black
"Rocketfish is the Best Buy house brand of audio components/accessories. When I picked these up I was getting sick of the 'pinched' sound of my CX300ii series B, or whatever name Sennheiser has attached to them. By 'pinched' I mean boosted in the wrong places of the spectrum. I don't believe in spending $500 on iems that are going to be sweated on, tossed in a gym bag and otherwise abused. Hell..." --Mach-X
Rocketfish Mobile Stereo Ear Bud Headphones Black RF-MEP2
Enjoy your favorite tunes with these ear bud headphones that feature a neodymium magnet and 10mm drivers for great audio quality. What's Included * RocketfishTM Mobile Stereo Ear Bud Headphones * Ear buds (small, medium, large)


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Stephen Crane
About the Author
Stephen Crane was born, in 1871, in Newark, New Jersey. Raised in a strict Methodist household, he rebelled Openly, developing a strong and lasting attraction to the vices his parents had condemned. He attempted college twice, the second time failing a theme-writing course while writing articles for newspapers such as the New York Tribune. In 1892 Crane moved to the poverty of New York City's Lower East Side–the Bowery so vividly depicted in Maggie: A Girl of the Streets. Destitute and depressed after the initial failure of that book, Crane had almost decided to abandon his writing and find a suitable trade when word came to him that William Dean Howells had read Maggie, and admired it, going so far as to compare Crane to Tolstoy.
Elated, Crane continued his work, and in 1894 the serial publication began of The Red Badge of Courage, his acclaimed and widely popular novel of a young soldier's coming of age in the Civil War. In 1895 he toured the western United Stated and Mexico, and his experiences soon found form in such short stories as The Blue Hotel and The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky. Bound for Cuba in January of 1897, Crane and three companions survived a shipwreck off the Gulf Coast; the ordeal was the basis for his masterful story The Open Boat. He then traveled to Greece as a correspondent and returned to Cuba to report on the Spanish-American War. At twenty-eight, in failing health, Crane traveled from England to Germany to recuperate the healing atmosphere of The Black Forest. He died there while working on a humorous novel, The O'Ruddy, in June of 1900.


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Thermaltake, In-ear Headset
Thermaltake Tt eSPORTS ISURUS Gaming Earphones Headset With Voice Capability Premium Bass In-Line Microphone Shinning White HT-ISU005EBWH. Premium Bass. In-Line Microphone. Electro-Placed Finishes. Ergonomic Design. 3 Sets of Ear Sleeves. Multimedia Play
Rosewill RHTS-12004 3.5mm Golden-Plated Connector High Fidelity Passive Noise Isolating Rosewood Earbuds
" These were free on Cyber-Monday; thank you to the Deals thread! If you got these on the deal or not, let us know over here --> http://www.head-fi.org/t/639086/rosewill-rhts-12004-quite-shocked-at-the-quality#post_8942097 These Rosewood RHTS-12004 woodies are really a nice surprise. They definitely have the..." --iPhone IEM


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Pretty Marsh
Doug Hylan
Skill Level to Build:
intermediate to advanced
Good performance with modest horsepower, a soft and predictable ride. I/O or outboard, 80-200hp.
If you are a designer who offers plans, or kit boats, we invite you to enter your information in the Directory of Boat Plans & Kits. There is no charge! This is for boats of ANY hull material. And if you're in the market for a boat to build, this is a fine place to start.


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Main Content
This item ships within one business day.
$4.99 flat rate shipping and handling. See other shipping options.
Your youngster already has a passion for fashion! Make sure her stylish charm shows when you hit the beach or the pool with the Little Stitched Cushion sandals from Reef. These cute flip flops boast bright colors that are totally in style with contrast-colored straps and stitching. They are also a part of Reef's Cushion Collection, which offers Reef's softest footbed. With these flip flops, your gal will have the cutest and most comfortable look around without a doubt!
- Contrast stitching on straps
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- Synthetic strap with soft polyester lining
- Brand: Reef
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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GoDive Mykonos is a friendly, professional PADI Dive Resort in Mykonos island, a unique island in Cyclades Province, Greece. Expect to meet experienced instructors speaking a variety of languages. Join us for scuba diving, snorkeling and boat trips.
A day trip with a difference. We cruise the ionian waters on a traditional wooden Greek boat stopping off at various locations to swim, snorkel and learn about the marine life with an on board aquarium which the clients help to fill!
Hotel Estia offers guests spacious apartments with kitchenettes, designed with the traveller's comfort in mind. A beautiful location, central yet very quiet. Diving trips, windsurfing, and endless beaches abound! Perfect for the adventurous.
We are located in Greece, on the island of Kea (Cycladic group) ,officially PADI member, fully equiped with Oceanic gear, using inflatable boats for boat diving. Our area if famous for wreck diving. I new diving destination, worth visiting !!
Fiskardodivers Eco-Dive-Resort offers all the PADI courses up to Dive Master, adventure dives and snorkeling. We offer dives and certification for beginners and certified divers, as offerd by PADI.
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Bake these delicious mini almond cheesecakes for an anytime dessert.
Two tablespoons rum or 1/2 teaspoon rum extract can be substituted for the amaretto.
These wonderful make-ahead cheesecakes can be refrigerated up to 48 hours or tucked away in the freezer. To freeze, refrigerate cheesecakes 1 hour or until completely cooled, then place in a labeled airtight freezer container and freeze up to 2 months. About 2 hours before serving, remove container lid and place frozen cheesecakes in refrigerator to thaw.
© 2017 ®/TM General Mills All Rights Reserved


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Governor Scott Walker, right, talks with company officials
Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker joined company leaders to announce the addition of 94 new jobs at Hartford Finishing, Inc., a powder coating and painting firm, and its sister companies. The jobs announcement coincides with the opening of the company's new paint line.
"Every time a company adds 5, 10, or 15 jobs it is cause for celebration, because it means that many more workers are able to provide for their families and save for their futures," said Governor Walker. "Today, we are able to announce dozens of new jobs in the Hartford community. Congratulations to Hartford Finishing, Inc. on this expansion and thank you for your commitment to growing in Wisconsin."
Wendorff Bros. Co. is the parent company of Hartford Finishing and several sister companies including: Steel Craft Corporation, a metal fabricating firm; Capitol Stampings, a metal stamping and forming company out of Milwaukee; and Sno-Way International, a snow and ice removal equipment company.
Phase one of the $12 million expansion project adds 110,000 square feet to the Steel Craft Corporation building in Hartford. Phase two includes upgrades to the original Hartford Finishing building. Hartford Finishing, Steel Craft Corporation, and Capitol Stampings plan to add a combined 94 new jobs, due to increased business from the expansion. The parent company is eligible for up to $400,000 in Economic Development Tax Credits.
Hartford Finishing, Inc. was founded in 1986 and has grown into one of the largest contract powder coaters in the Midwest, and the largest in Wisconsin. The company currently employs 180 workers and houses six separate state of the art powder painting systems, a full service assembly area, stripping center, wet paint line, and 12 loading docks.


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You are here
Tax Credits for Film & Entertainment Industries
September 19, 2012
Georgia is providing up to 30% in tax credits for companies producing feature films, television series, music videos and commercials, as well as interactive games and animation.
Georgia's Entertainment Industry Investment Act provides a 20% tax credit for filming and entertainment industries that spend $500,000 or more on production and post-production either on single or multiple projects. The state grants an additional 10% tax credit if the finished project includes a promotional logo provided by the state.
For more information on production incentives in Georgia's film, music and digital entertainment industries, visit Georgia Department of Economic Development's Production Incentives.


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Surprise! Candy is baked inside these yummy peanut butter cookies.
Let kids unwrap the candies. Measure out the amount of dough to use, and they can also help wrap dough around candies.
Like to eat cookies while they're warm? If you haven't frosted these cookies, you can rewarm them by placing on a microwavable plate and microwaving uncovered on High 5 to 10 seconds or until surface of cookie feels warm to the touch. The time will vary depending on the number of cookies heated. Be careful of the hot caramel inside the cookies.
© 2017 ®/TM General Mills All Rights Reserved


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The Ventev USB Universal Rapid Car Charger 2.1A charges your mobile device at the fastest possible rate and is compatible with most devices on the market.
Simply plug in your USB charge/sync cable (sold separately) to this charger and you're all set. This charger features a compact design so it's easy to carry with you when traveling.
Please Note: Product images, including color, may differ from actual product appearance.
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Bring your next Dallas trip up a notch.
- Indulge with a reservations at a higher-end hotel
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Kick-start your luxurious getaway when you book one of the 4-star hotels in Dallas, TX.
These accommodations will pamper you with designer amenities and first-class service, but it's up to you to plan lavish activities outside of your hotel room. During your sojourn in Dallas, go on a shopping spree at the so-luxe boutiques at Forty Five Ten and attend a show at Bass Performance Hall. Indulging in an enticing wine tour in nearby Grapevine is a must, while treating yourself to some eye candy at the various art galleries, like the Barry Whistler Gallery, belongs at the top of your list too.
While vacationing in Texas, you deserve a life of extravagance, even if it's just for a few days. With reservations at a one of the 4-star hotels in Dallas, you can expect nothing short of star treatment. Here at Expedia.com, you can find luxury and romantic hotels with inviting pool lounges, spa services, and on-site dining. But just because you're eying Dallas 4-star hotels doesn't mean you need to fork out your life savings for your trip to the Big D. Book here with Expedia to score cheap deals, and rest easy knowing you took advantage of the hottest discounts around.


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Toggle: English / Spanish
An annular pancreas is a ring of pancreatic tissue that encircles the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). Normally, the pancreas sits next to, but does not surround, the duodenum.
Annular pancreas is a congenital defect, which means it is present at birth. Symptoms occur when the ring of pancreas squeezes and narrows the small intestine so that food cannot pass easily or at all.
Newborns may have symptoms of complete blockage of the intestine. However, up to half of people with this condition do not have symptoms until adulthood. There are also cases that are not detected because the symptoms are mild.
Conditions that may be associated with annular pancreas include:
Newborns may not tolerate feedings. They may spit up more than normal, not drink enough breast milk or formula, and cry.
Adult symptoms may include:
Tests include:
Surgical bypass of the blocked part of the duodenum is the usual treatment for this disorder.
The outcome is usually good with surgery. Adults with an annular pancreas are at increased risk for pancreatic or biliary tract cancer.
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you or your child has any symptoms of annular pancreas.
Semrin MG, Russo MA. Anatomy, histology, embryology, and developmental anomalies of the stomach and duodenum. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2010:chap 45.
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By Emily Wagster Pettus/The Associated Press
JACKSON — Mississippi Gov. Phil Bryant will give his State of the State speech at 5 p.m. Jan. 22.
Bryant is beginning his second year as governor and will use the speech to explain his legislative agenda and outline broader goals for the state.
He's pushing for development of charter schools, which are free of some state regulations. He has also said repeatedly that he opposes expansion of Medicaid under the federal health care law that President Barack Obama signed in 2010.
Bryant talks often about improving Mississippi's health statistics by fighting obesity and reducing teenage pregnancy rates.
The State of the State date is listed in Senate Concurrent Resolution 501, and Bryant spokesman Mick Bullock confirmed the date to The Associated Press.


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is people. I honestly think this guy is all about the money, and if the Steelers let him go, that will solidify my
opinion. There's nothing wrong with wanting to get paid, but once you do, you owe something to the person
that paid you. I don't think this guy has any conception what that is all about.
It's nothing substantial, and nothing that I can put a finger on. It's just a feeling that I've been going on my
whole life, and still do to this day. I think Wallace is a mistake.
I bow to those that know more about football than me. The same people that stomped a mudhole in me when
I went left about two ST *12 man* penalties during the Cardinals game way back when, and I was told the "Trifecta"
and a "Three Year Plan" was going to save us, and it became plainly obvious, that wasn't the case.
Sorry. Sometimes, I just get a gut feeling, and most times it's right.
belichick is a hell of a coach...there's no doubt having brady is a big help...belis not a great draft evaluator that's for sure and thank god for that but the guys a master at identfying weaknesses in the opposition and attacking them...beli exposes weaknesses in teams...
he's also a master motivator...that teams always prepared
lastly he's also a bit of a cheat...he'll cheat in a heartbeat to get an advantage
How can you get a "gut feeling" on someone without, I dunno, ever meeting them?
You're just as likely to get a gut feeling about the way the media portrays them.
I am biased because I really want Wallace. His skill set will make the other WR's on our team much better like it has for Antonio Brown. I'm tired of fielding a team of possession WR and only running 8 yd routes. If we sign Wallace, re-sign Hartline, and add a seam threat at TE, the middle of the field will be open all day for the others to make plays. Jennings is the safe pick but let's go for the home run!
Big-time players make big-time plays in big-time games.
I am still not sure if Mike Wallace's talents fit with RT's skill set. He is a game changer, but I am not sure if it is a great fit. Might be, but I am still not sure.


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Assignment: Education - ACE Program
HOLMEN, Wis. -- Many high school students have a dream of what their life will be like after they graduate.
"After high school, I'd like to go to technical college and then maybe start with some career," said Austin Stolt, Holmen High School junior. "And maybe later in the future go back to a university for four years or something."93870
Austin is a Holmen High School junior, but he doesn't walk the halls of this building.
"I kind of skipped a lot of school and I started to become truant," said Stolt.
In January, Austin was enrolled in the Holmen School District ACE program which stands for Aquiring Credits Electronically.
"I was up for anything because normal school just wasn't working for me," said Stolt.
ACE, which is now housed in Christ the King Church in Holmen, was created eleven years ago and has been lead by Ms. Zindorf.
"We were seeing many students who didn't want to conform, and who didn't have the tools that are needed to work effectively in a crowded classroom of upwards of 35 kids in one classroom and one teacher," said Rita Zindorf, ACE program teacher.
So, to help students who were struggling with a traditional classroom, the ACE program was developed which uses a computer-based curriculum to teach students the lessons they need to receive their diploma.
"They're learning the same curriculum, but it's a little bit motified and as much as it meets the Wisconsin standards, but it's electronic,"said Zindorf. "So, the same assignments are not given."
The ACE program also offers more one-on-one interaction between the students and the teacher, almost daily communication with parents or guardians, and a small setting of only 13 students which opens the door for discussions if someone is having a bad day.
"I give them some time to talk about it... not long," said Zindorf. "A little bit of time to talk about it. Maybe I'll let them go for a walk outside. Maybe I'll let them chat with a friend a bit. But then we have to get down to work. Now, in a regular classroom of 35 students, a teacher cannot have the time to do that. They simply cannot stop their day to mentor one student. So, that is a huge difference in this program."
District Administrators say programs like ACE are important because their ultimate goal is to make sure every child graduates and is prepared for life after high school.
"It's important to have them in place because first of all, it's our obligation to make sure our students are educated," said Richard Johnson, Holmen School District director of pupil services. "Secondly, there is a cost in the long run to having students who have not graduated from school in terms of economic potential, connection with the community, and civic responsibility."
"We at Holmen, and many of the schools in the state of Wisconsin, are embracing all learners," said Zindorf. "What do we have to do? What can we do together to make sure that this student graduates?"
The Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction says programs like ACE are a great example of alternative education that helps prevent kids from suspension, expulsion or ultimately not receiving their diploma.
"We want all students to do their best to be appropriate citizens, to love each other and their families, and to move forward," said Zindorf.
The ACE program is doing just that for Austin.
"It seems like I've kind of grown up since I've been here," said Stolt. "I started to focus more on school and just don't do as many bad things as I used to . I just kind of became a better person since I've been here."


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Servisair is now swissport
Following regulatory approval, Swissport officially acquired Servisair as of December 2013 bringing together more than 55,000 dedicated personnel across 255 locations in 44 countries.
Our combined strength means that we now look after over 224 million passengers per year and the great services that you have come to expect from Servisair are now part of the world's largest aviation handling company.
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text: No luck still on the Debian Planet front the server is still down. But I spent most of last night beavering away at doing some development of the new site. Python is a really marvelous language and I try and use it for all my development, however, i'm not sure it is the most ideal thing. Having to implement sessions/cookie management etc myself feels such a bore. However I did enjoy coding a little SQL wrapper to help make replication work and writing a little templating system. Of course its nothing great as i'm not a great coder. But it does the job and certainly scratches my itch. Does anyone have any favourite Python based web development systems, Zope is nice and powerful but rather overwhelming, the guys at Twisted have amazing ideas, but maybe the solution is not mature enough.


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Post-Degree Certifications
Employers today are looking for qualified individuals to build their business's success. Professionals know that it is critical to maintain current and marketable certifications that enhance their portfolio. To keep pace with today's dynamic business landscape, Lansing Community College's Department of Continuing Education will soon be offering post-degree certificates in demand-driven areas, including project management.
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- 5 Easy Ways to Register
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Leave a Review
I didn't want a cream-cheese taste, just a little more spreadability for my homemade goat cheese which tends to be a bit crumbly for spreading. So I used half the called-for cream cheese. Very good!
Good recipe. I prepared it with creme fraiche for that extra tang and it was really good. I also added a little lemon juice to this as well...
To BKuo: It is not the number of ingredients that makes a recipe good or not. For example, would you say that a caramel recipe is dumb because all it calls for is sugar? Yet, it takes skills to make it good. As for being dumb, well, people's reviews say more about who they are than they think. Grow up.
what a dumb recipe 3 ingredients? my dog could make up this recipe and create it and feed it to me arf!
very good on a sandwich as another reviewer suggested. Does not need salt or pepper. Plenty tasty as is. Thanks!
I used my own home made pesto (Barefoot Contessa), 1 small log of peppered goat cheese and 6 oz. full fat cream cheese...very good! On the side I had extra pesto and a small bowl of black olive tapenade from Pasolivo Olive Ranch in Cali. Served with Stacy's Naked Chips with Sea Salt. I made the pesto dip the day before so it had a chance to get very full flavored.
easy and okay. Pesto didn't really come through too well. Not nearly as good as goat cheese and pistachio spread from Gourmet, 1992. I make that one a lot and it's great even without pistachios.
This recipe is so unbelievably simple and absolutely fantastic! Had tons of pesto and wanted to find a recipe for it--brought this to several parties and everyone has raved. Made exactly as is. Put a little basil bud on top of the dish and you are gourmet!
So simple & so tasty. Everyone loved it and I'm happy that I made extra to snack on for the rest of the week.
Very easy and highly edible! Great on samll slices of bread as an appetizer. Super as a sandwich spread w/ turkey!


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By JB Clark/NEMS Daily Journal
TUPELO – A Tupelo man was charged Friday with molesting a child.
James E. Dutschke, 41, of Tupelo, was charged Friday after inappropriate touching was reported.
He was charged with child molestation as the result of a joint investigation between the Tupelo Police Department and Lee County Sheriff's Office.


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Artemis Fowl Graphic Novel Review
A couple days after reading and reviewing Artemis Fowl, I was walking through the book store
when I saw a graphic novel version of that same book. "Preposterous!" I thought (with a British accent). "Downright farcical.The cheek! To turn Artemis Fowl into a comic. . . well!" OK, I didn't think that at all; that was pretty much my Artemis Fowl impression. Terrible, I know.
As it happens, I'm actually a big fan of graphic novels. Artemis Fowl is a very
visual book, with lots of descriptions of the fairy world, Artemis's enormous manor, and crazy fairy inventions tearing Artemis's manor apart, so I couldn't resist the urge to pick up the comic and see that world come to life.
I'm not sure if the graphic novel version quite lives up to the (admittedly high) standard of the book, but pretty much everything is there – all the characters, all the plot points, all the sweet action and gadgets and magic and mayhem. I had small quibbles with the way some characters were drawn, but that's inevitable, I suppose. Personally, I pictured Foaly and Mulch much more like traditional Centaurs and Dwarves, and Artemis kind of like Malfoy from the Harry Potter movies . . . but again, that's personal taste, and I shouldn't complain about the art. In general, it was colorful, vibrant, creative, and well-executed.
— Jack, STACKS Writer


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SInging Better For Maximum Effect
Understanding how to yell sing is very important for you to prevent damaging your voice. This is extremely necessary if you are interested in metal and hardcore band performances where prima donnas invest much time howling instead of singing. In fact, yelling is the brand-new trend, which is ending up being popular in the efficiency market. Howling uses up the type of singing from a false chord ant it proves to be challenging than real singing. Howling can harm your voice if you do not exercise appropriately and you have to et needed lessons for you to prevent triggering problems to your vocals. Such lessons are also essential to learn is you are constantly hyped by your favorite band and would like to howl similar to they do during their gigs. Constantly remember that it is unhealthy to shriek at the top of your lungs given that it can harm your vocal cords. You merely have to discover the best methods of shrieking and prevent any problems with your vocals. Learn to sing by ear
Knowing ways to howl sing is much like finding out other thing. It is not something that you would do within a day and be best. Yu have to prepare to spend time exercising without feeling inhibited whenever things fail or. how to learn to sing high pitched notes
Whenever you are not accomplishing your expectations, it is the time for you to make a check on exactly what you may not be doing best and make modifications. The preliminary times whenever you try there are possibilities for your voice to fall out of place. However, you would quickly get it back on the right track if you keep on exercising. It is a program that might take you more than 3 years before you can get your voice tuned on the right cord until you can discover properly of doing it throughout practice. learn to sing harmony online free


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Emily Osment & Kay Panabaker star in the TV movie, Cyberbully. We got to talk to them about the movie and about their own advice for dealing with the sometimes dangerous online world.
Q: What is Cyberbully about?
Emily: In a way it's ripped from the headlines and while it's not based on a true story it easily could be. It centers around my character, Taylor, and her journey through high school. She struggles at home and is extremely insecure, and for some reason, the girls at school say she is the girl to pick on. She is targeted for absolutely no reason. She's picked on at school and picked on online which is why it's called Cyberbully and that is a huge topic right now. It's about her downward spiral, and Kay plays my best friend and I bring her and my family into it. My character is completely tormented and it's very sad. It's about the way to handle cyberbullying and maybe not the way to handle it and has a good moral that we ask for it basically, because we put ourselves out there.
Kay: That's exactly the comment I've been making because you put yourself out there, and people think having such instant access to you they can say whatever they want, and a lot of the times it's positive, and people want to talk to you, but there are those other people that want to make you feel bad to make themselves feel better. Is their advice genuinely the one you should be listening to? My mom always taught me that you need to present yourself privately as you would publicly, so if you wouldn't say the things you are saying online to that person's face, don't say them. And if you can't help yourself, remove yourself from the temptation and take yourself offline. If you can't handle it well like this movie says, take yourself offline and deal with the bullying not online.
Q: Does any of the stuff you read online about yourself affect your confidence?
Emily: I have a very good sense of who I am and I have people who I trust and will tell me something isn't right. Like my mom will say don't wear that dress, so I change, and I trust that. But I wouldn't ask my Twitter followers if this dress makes my butt look big. I would ask people that I know so I don't let it affect me personally. I could find a million things to bully about anyone but I choose not to.
Q: What books do you recommend?
Kay: Ender's Game, Uglies, Stargirl, Thirteen Reasons Why, and The Hunger Games.
Emily: Anything by Sarah Dessen who just came out with two new books, anything by Avi, Ender's Game, of course Stargirl, a book called Loser that is great. Harry Potter is great.
Q: Is there anything you are insecure about?
Kay: Insecurities never go away and even when you know you are at your best, you will still doubt yourself. A lot of people deal with that by calling attention to it but I personally believe that they are your insecurities and you are allowed to deal with them how you want. I don't feel the need to let people in on that struggle with myself and about that growth. Because then there will be those people that just want to make you feel insecure and I don't want to invite that.
Emily: And I like my big butt so whatever.
Q: Have you had any embarrassing moments?
Kay: I make a fool of myself on a daily basis. I trip whenever I wear high heels. It's funny I just went to Vegas to celebrate my 21st birthday and all of my boyfriend's guy friends came. I warned them I was wearing shoes that were impossible to walk in but went really well with my dress, and I had to walk by myself and one of the guy friends was behind me and saw me nearly wipe out. He just started laughing because he played the movie in his head where I actually did fall down and it was a tragic mess. I am not graceful in heels so that's why I wear wedges because they are much more sturdy.
Are you going to watch Cyberbully? I hope nothing like that ever happens to any of you, dear STACKERS!
Interview by Gerri Miller
Photos courtesy of Disney Channel


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WASHINGTON -- The Federal Election Commission has certified $34,019,496.24 in Federal Matching Funds to eight Presidential candidates for the 2000 election. The U.S. Treasury Department will make the payments on January 3.
By comparison, in 1996, the first matching fund payments went to 10 candidates, totaling $37,353,967.40; in 1992, eight candidates received $6,372,788.31; in 1988, 12 candidates received a total of $28,748,261.05; In 1984, $7,771,960.41 was paid to six candidates; in 1980, $1,944,055.92 was paid to three candidates; and in 1976, 11 candidates received $1,880,502.21.
The following chart lists the amount certified to each candidate. Due to the fact that there are insufficient funds to pay these amounts, Treasury will calculate a reduced amount for each campaign. Reduced payments will continue until the Fund has been replenished by future checkoff designations on 1999 tax returns, at which time each campaign will receive the amount it is due. Elizabeth Dole initially qualified to receive matching funds, but her campaign withdrew its request for funds.
|Gary L. Bauer (R)
|$ 3,964,359.04
|Bill Bradley (D)
|$ 8,343,853.83
|Patrick J. Buchanan (Ref)
|$ 2,372,196.26
|Al Gore (D)
|Alan L. Keyes (R)
|$ 1,241,434.35
|Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. (D)
|$ 733,767.72
|John S. McCain (R)
|$ 4,190,650.22
|Dan Quayle (R)
|$ 2,102,525.00
To be eligible to receive Federal Matching Funds, a candidate must first raise $100,000 in contributions from individuals: $5,000-plus in 20 different states, in amounts of no more than $250 from any individual contributor. Candidates must also agree to abide by spending limits, to keep certain records, and to submit those records for audit.
Candidates may submit requests for funds once each month. The Commission will certify an amount to be paid by the U.S. Treasury the following month. Only contributions from individuals in amounts of no more than $250 are matchable. Following the primary season, candidates may be entitled to receive additional matching funds to assist in winding down their campaigns or to retire debts.
The Commission has previously certified $13,224,000 to each of the two major political parties, and $2,468,921 to the Reform Party (total = $28,916,921) for their 2000 Presidential Nominating Conventions.
# # #


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Watch renowned researchers Drs. Ian Lipkin and Mady Hornig take the Chilli ME Challenge, LIVE from New York by webcast this coming Wednesday, 1st July at 1 p.m. EST.
Discuss the article on the Forums.
Lithium orotate, methylation and thyroid
Discussion in 'Detox: Methylation; B12; Glutathione; Chelation' started by Beyond, Jul 12, 2013.
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Way to go Bobby and Joy!
Way to go Bobby and Joy!
Don't bother to just be better than your contemporaries or predecessors. Try to be better than yourself.
William Faulkner
CONGRATULATIONS!!! To O/Mike Johnston, H/Hugh Arthur, & Black Shamerock's Margarita "Rita" for placing 3rd in the derby. This is Rita's third trial with Hugh and her second placement. Way to go Mr.Hugh.
Tera Lanczak
Young Dog Retriever Trainer
Bay Blue Kennels
"Building Champions"
Ph: 660-441-1605
Summer: Au Gres, MI
Winter: Giddings, TX
Amateur callbacks to the last series
11 total
Open Results
1st-# 24 Pete H/Steve Yozamp
2nd-#50 Dreamer O/H Ken Neil (Qualified for Natl Amateur)
3rd-#10 Stevie O/H Ken Neil
4th-#46 Ruby H/Jeff Horsley O/Randall Ayers
RJ-#35 Candy H/Lynn Troy O/Garry & Sue Taylor
Congrats to All !!!
Way to go Dreamer, Ken, & Brenda!!!! What a girl
Tera Lanczak
Young Dog Retriever Trainer
Bay Blue Kennels
"Building Champions"
Ph: 660-441-1605
Summer: Au Gres, MI
Winter: Giddings, TX
Amateur Results
1st-#33 Rosie O/H Ken Neil
2nd-#1 Ali O/H Bobby Lane
3rd-#17 Rascal O/H Jessie Kent
4th-#25 Sugar O/H Mark Medford
RJ- #8 Ace O/H Mark Medford
Congrats to All !!!
WOW, another win for Pete! Way to go Bob and team Outback!
Cody's Gunslingin' Cosmonaut MH QAA (Shooter)
Congrats everyone !!!
Bonadventure's Buster ***
Bonadventure's Bijoux
Bonadventure's Jiggs
Pete's 4th series was incredible. Didn't see all dogs run, but texted a friend and told him 1st place was in the book.
Congratulations to Ken & Brenda on a great weekend.
Many thanks to the CRC, especially Carter Hughes, Keith Griffith, and John McCallie. Arranging for the airing areas near the hotels was a great touch. Very much appreciated.
Glen Guider, GA
HRCH UH Candlewoods Captain Jack Sparrow MH QA2
HR UH Candlewoods Small Town Southern Man "AJ" MH QA2
HRCH UH Gandy's Ready for a Hurricane "Maggie" MH QA2
Red Squad's Blue on Black "Jesse" MH QA2
SML's Burn Notice "Fiona" QAA
Red Squad's Randall Raines "Memphis"
Way to go Steve, Bob, and Pete!
Mike Peters


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Cecilia Ross is looking for a change. She has decided to take time off from her job as a successful motivational speaker and sell her home. She moves in to a beautiful old house in St. Paul, Minnesota, complete with a big front porch, a wild garden, a chef's kitchen - and three roommates. The four women are different ages, but all are feeling restless, and want to take a roadtrip to find the people and things they miss. One woman wants to connect with a daughter she gave away at birth; another wants to visit her long-absent ex-husband; a third woman, a professional chef, is seeking new inspiration from the restaurants along the way. And Cecilia is looking for Dennis Halsinger, the man she never got over, who recently sent her a postcard out of the blue. This novel is classic Elizabeth Berg - a portrait of how women grow through the relationships that define them, and a testament to the power of female friendship.
©2012 Elizabeth Berg (P)2013 Recorded Books
"I loved the book and the friendships of the women"
I wish the book had gone on and on until I found out about how all the characters were doing. It was a book that made me want to go on a road trip.
I have a 3 hour commute to work every day so I listen to audiobooks to help with my drive. It's added some happiness to my day (if it's a good book)!
"Decent Escape Read"
Yes, Berg has always been a go- to author for me.
Yes, her books don't always leave me breathless, but they are solid for entertaining me.
Yes, but her voice is older than I picture the characters in my head.
No, I think she summed them up.
Report Inappropriate Content
If you find this review inappropriate and think it should be removed from our site, let us know. This report will be reviewed by Audible and we will take appropriate action.


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Binghamton University professor wins best social history book award
History Professor Thomas Dublin along with co-author Walter Licht were selected by the Organization of American Historians (OAH) to receive the 2006 Merle Curti Award for the best book published in American social history. The award was presented during the 99th Annual Meeting of the Organization held recently in Washington, D.C.
In the sweeping study The Face of Decline: The Pennsylvania Anthracite Region in the Twentieth Century, Dublin and Licht examine how businesses, residents and governments responded to dwindling demand for anthracite coal, especially after World War II. By 2000, fewer than 1,000 miners were employed in the region's coalfields, which had provided work for 181,000 people at the industry's height before World War I.
The book's varied sources – including oral histories, census data, corporate records and photographs – allowed the authors to incorporate many perspectives. The 277-page volume from Cornell University Press ties in social, political, business, economic and labor history.
Walter Licht is chair of the history department at the University of Pennsylvania.
Founded in 1907, OAH is the largest learned society and professional organization dedicated to the teaching and study of the American past. OAH promotes excellence in the scholarship, teaching, and presentation of American history, and encourages wide discussion of historical questions and equitable treatment of all practitioners of history.


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Darkened Skye
Do Skittles and videogames mix? This latest GameCube title dares to ask such questions.
The Facts:
Play as heroine Skye as she realizes her destiny to collect magical Skittles
Do not eat the Skittles; instead, use them to save the world
Fight through five different worlds, each with multiple areas
Real-time action mixed with fantasy adventure elements
Wield powerful magic
Solve ancient mysteries
Save the world
Requires six Memory Card blocks
For one player only
As the game's instruction manual is prone to remind you, all good adventure games require a few basic elements: a hero longing to find her place in the world, a gratuitous source of evil to provide the conflict, and a bag of Skittles. Darkened Skye has them all.
In her homeland of Lynlora, gamers play as Skye: a simple girl whose fate will soon be intertwined with the sugary treats. In Skye's world, a "Great Rainbow" once adorned the heavens -- think back to your favorite "Taste the Rainbow" television commercials of the '90s, and this will make perfect sense. The Rainbow once bore artifacts known by the commoners as "Skittles," but has since been stolen by the gratuitously evil Lord Necroth. You'll never really learn why exactly these Skittles are so important to your world, nor why Necroth feels the need to steal them, but it is not Skye's place to question her calling. Once she accidentally stumbles upon the first orange Skittle, she's compelled to save the world by collecting the rest of the flavors and other related mystical artifacts in her quest to restore the Rainbow.


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Major disadvantages of menu-based battle systems
- Lack of strategy
- Lack of player engagement
So the two main goals here are to make menu-driven battles more strategic and more engaging for the player (ie, we don't want the player to be inactive for significant amounts of time). I want to focus on the later goal here. We've already made a number of designs to take care of the first goal. Below is a video of my game (an older demo release) in action. You can see that there is a universal stamina bar that all characters and enemies in the battle traverse throughout their several states: idle, selection (of an action), warm-up, action, cool-down, and then repeat.
You can see that we're currently suffering from player inaction during all but the action selection phases. Otherwise, the player is just sitting around and waiting for the next character to be ready to select an action. Even worse, the battle is paused during action selection so we suffer from "stop-and-go" syndrome.
Since the beginning, my team has had a number of goals for this game that are important to this discussion, as the ideas I am about to put forward are intended to stay true to these goals.
- Design the game such that the major focus is on gameplay and story, not advanced 3D graphics and physical simulations.
- As much as possible, remove the tedious, meaningless, and micromanaging aspects of many historical and modern RPGs.
- Require a high level of strategic thinking and planning from the player, and less mindless "button mashing" found in many RPGs.
Now, finally I present my list of design ideas for improving this gameplay.
Idea #1: Do not pause the battle during action selection.
This is nothing novel, as many games have allowed the player to choose between "active" and "wait" modes. I don't want to allow that choice at all though, because there is obviously a strong advantage to choosing "wait" (your actions are selected instantly rather than consuming precious seconds).
Idea #2: Allow the player to pre-select actions for their characters before those characters are ready to execute their next command.
While the characters are in their idle state, the player can select actions for their characters. This solves the problem of the player having nothing to do when no characters are ready to execute an action. Of course the player can still wait until the stamina bar is full (and the character changes from the idle to the selection state), although there's no reason really to wait, unless the player is delaying the action selection based on the state of the enemies (ie if an enemy is seen charging up for a big attack, the player will want to put their character in a defensive state).
Expanding upon this we may consider allowing players to build up an action queue for their characters, selecting multiple actions to take. I don't like this approach, however, so I'm not really considering it.
Idea #3: Allow the player to change pre-selected actions for their characters
This goes along with idea #2. If the player selects an action for a character during the idle state and something happens which makes the player wish to change the action for the character (such as an ally was badly hurt and needs healing immediately), then we would allow the player to do so (but only if the character is still in the idle state, the warm-up state is too late to cancel). This would also apply toward changing the target. With this idea, we have to consider whether there would be any penalty associated with changing an action/target. We could completely reset the stamina bar back to zero and force the character to go through the entire idle state again, we could apply a less severe penalty such as a 20%-50% reduction of the current idle time that has been met, or there could be no penalty at all. I think I'd rather see a small penalty, because this will cause the player to consider whether or not they want to select an action for their characters as soon as they can (at the 0-time mark in the idle state). But I'm undecided here.
Idea #4: Populate a small action + target hot-key menu to allow the player to quickly execute actions
In our menus, we currently sort actions by category (Attack, Defend, Support, Item) and we have cursor memory implemented as well (the menu remembers the previously selected action and target). But I've been toying with the idea of having a small number (four) of "hotkey" actions and targets for characters. This idea came to me because I realized that you often only want to change between a small number of actions and targets in battle. For instance, one character might be a designated healer, and when there is no healing needed you would instead want that character to "meditate" to regain lost magic points (called skill points in the case of my game), or to attack an enemy if no healing and no SP regeneration is needed. Three actions, and three targets that the player cycles between for this character. Going through the entire action selection menu and target selection menus each time they want to switch between one of these settings is kind of a pain in the ass, so we would have this hot-key command card available for the player to quickly switch between these actions and targets. It could either be auto-generated by the game (ie saves last action + target combo) or we could allow the player to configure this, both in and out of battle.
I also had thought that maybe we could limit the character's actions to what they could fit in the command card to create an additional depth of strategy for the player, as they would need to select which skills they brought into battle (and couldn't use all the skills they learned). For our purposes though I think this would be a bad idea, because the strategic benefit is outweighed by the negative cost of additional micromanagement needed by the player, plus it could be seen as an annoying limitation for many people (not to mention it doesn't have much of a practical explanation for why skills are limited).
Idea #5: Allow multiple actors (characters or enemies) to execute actions simultaneously
This is another idea to reduce the amount of time that the player is forced to sit and watch. Right now only one actor can execute an action at any time (in this sense the game is turn-based). But what if this was not the case, and we could have multiple characters and enemies all engaging each other at once? Perhaps we can even add a strategic element to this, and say that if two opposing actors engage each other at the same time, the one who strikes first will cancel the other's action completely.
It sounds like a promising idea I think if its implemented well, but I have a couple major concerns with it. First, it could cause battles to become very chaotic with swords and spells flying everywhere (but shouldn't battles be chaotic anyway?). Second, it may be difficult to implement both from a programming and an artistic perspective. And there may be other issues that I haven't thought of yet.
Yeah, so that's my first batch of ideas that I'd like your feedback on. Which ones do you like? Which ones do you think would go well in my game? (Maybe you should go play it? ). Some of these ideas might not mix well with each other, and I'm also trying to exercise caution about adding too many concepts to the design. There are a lot of cool feature that an RPG can have (customizable equipment, relics with special abilities, etc), but just because all of these ideas are great on their own does not mean that you should then throw them all into a single game and expect things to work out. So its really about finding the best combination of ideas to help us meet our ultimate goal here. Thanks for reading, I know this was a long post.


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Your Overtons.com Session is About to Expire!
8 yarn Spectra fiber construction
Reduced line friction and noise
Casts like a bullet
PowerPro's Super 8 Slick Braided Line features 8 yarn Spectra fiber construction braided under high tension to create a live surface that feels smooth as silk. Reduced line friction on the spool and through the rod guides allows Super 8 Slick to cast like a bullet. Smooth surface design reduces friction and line noise, allowing you to fish with stealth and silence. PowerPro "EBT" (Enhanced Body Technology) process creates a stronger, thinner, smoother and quieter line. Designed for anglers who demand high performance.
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Fleury leads Penguins to 2-1 win against Calgary FlamesJanuary 12, 2014 12:40 AM
CALGARY, Alberta – It was déjà vu, but it wasn't all over again.
For the second night in row, the Penguins held a 2-0 lead after two periods.
This time, they held off the Calgary Flames, 2-1, at Scotiabank Saddledome.
That was a marked change from one night earlier, when a 2-0 Penguins lead dissolved into a 4-3 overtime loss in Edmonton.
Against the Flames, the Penguins cut back severely on turnovers and played a more solid game.
Or, as defenseman Matt Niskanen put it, "We didn't shoot ourselves in the foot. We were all pretty disappointed in how [Friday] night ended. We talked about it, getting better with that situation.
"We'd like to think we're going to have a lot of leads the rest of the year. We want to get better at that situation. A smart third period on the road and much better [Saturday] night."
Niskanen and Chris Kunitz provided the scoring for the Penguins.
The Flames have labored to score in recent weeks, having been shut out in five of their previous seven games.
In this game, Penguins goaltender Marc-Andre Fleury made 27 saves Saturday night -- including a sprawling one with the back of his mask on Calgary's Mikael Backlund while the Penguins were shorthanded -- for his league-leading 26th win.
"It was nice to have a close, low-scoring game," Fleury said.
It was the Penguins' seventh win in a row against Calgary. They are 9-3-1 in their past 13 road games and finished their three-game trip to western Canada 2-0-1.
The Penguins, already plagued all season by injuries, added a couple more names to the list.
Brian Gibbons left the game in the first period. He has been playing right wing on the top line. There was no immediate word on his status.
The Penguins already were playing without forward Joe Vitale, who has mostly been their fourth-line center. Vitale missed the game because of an injury. There was no immediate word on the nature or severity of the injury, but he had an ice pack on his right wrist area following Friday's game and what looked to be a brace on that wrist on Saturday.
He was replaced in the lineup and on the fourth line by Zach Sill.
The Penguins' other lineup scratch was defensemen Simon Despres, who has sat out three of the past four games.
The Penguins opened the scoring during a delayed penalty call.
Calgary center Joe Colborne was essentially mugging Sill in one corner and was going to be penalized. Sill appeared to be ready to accept Colborne's invitation to fight when things started happening in the opposite side of the Calgary end.
Penguins defenseman Robert Bortuzzo fed Kunitz in the right circle. Kunitz scored on a sharp-angle shot from near the bottom of the circle for a 1-0 lead at 16:34 of the first period.
Niskanen gave the Penguins a 2-0 lead at 6:42 of the second period. His shot from the right point handcuffed Flames goaltender Reto Berra and bounced in off of him.
Bortuzzo caught Calgary captain Mark Giordano with a thundering hit and his elbow high at 7:04 of the third period, a hit that could get the attention of the NHL disciplinary department.
"The puck was at the end of Giordano's stick coming up the wall in front of the penalty box, and Robert steps up for the hit," Bylsma said. "That's what I think it was – a clean hit."
Bortuzzo appeared to be driving his body upward as he hit Giordano along the boards. Giordano appeared shaken up but left only briefly. Bortuzzo received a major clipping penalty and a match penalty.
"It happened so quick," Calgary coach Bob Hartley said. "I saw kind of a charging [violation]. But it was such a flash. The league is looking at everything."
Calgary broke through with a goal at 11:29 of the third period. Backlund outbattled Penguins defenseman Kris Letang in the left circle and scored from the left dot, making it 2-1.
The Flames had gone 175 minutes without scoring.
"We played a much prettier game and a tough game," Bylsma said.
"Our guys, I thought, battled real hard and gutted that one out in protecting the lead."


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Cigar City Brewing is a brewery from Tampa, Florida that specializes in robust ales and lagers with a strong tie to the Tampa Bay area. CCB offers tours five days a week, Wednesday-Sunday.
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Find out more about how your privacy is protected.


text: Jam Cruise 12 was once again an amazing experience that words just cannot do justice to. As we plan for next year, follow us on Facebook and Twitter for photos and recaps to keep your excitement going. You can also guarantee yourself a spot on the ship for Jam Cruise 13 by pre-booking. Remember, all 12 Jam Cruises have sold out so far! We'll see you all soon!


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Family: Laridae, Gulls and Terns view all from this family
Description ADULT SUMMER Has mainly pale gray back and upper wings, black cap, and otherwise white plumage. Legs are orange-red and bill is orange-red with black tip. In flight, note dark trailing edge to otherwise white primaries (lack dark "wedge" on Common's inner upper primaries). ADULT WINTER Looks pale overall, except for dark "mask" through eye, black bill, and darker primaries (especially margins). JUVENILE Similar to winter adult, but with buff feathers on back, upper wing, and crown, pale-based bill, and shorter outer tail feathers; first-winter is similar to winter adult but with shorter outer tail feathers.
Dimensions Length: 14-15 in (36-38 cm)
Habitat Nests beside freshwater marshes; other times commonest near coasts.
Observation Tips Easy to see at freshwater sites in summer and coasts in winter.
Range Southwest, Eastern Canada, Western Canada, California, Northwest, Rocky Mountains, Plains, New England, Great Lakes, Florida, Mid-Atlantic, Texas, Southeast
Voice A harsh kree-err call.
Discussion Paler than Common with longer, more deeply forked tail, longer legs, and different upper wing pattern. Much less pelagic than Arctic and, of the three, the only one likely to be seen here in winter. Sexes are similar.


text:
- About RIC
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Campus Life
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Music Student Handbook
2010-11 Handbook
This handbook provides basic information about policies and procedure now in effect in the music programs. Students should contact their advisor if there are further questions regarding curricula, courses, and scheduling problems. The Assistant Chair is available by appointment to discuss any additional problems.
Four-Year Suggested Plans of Study.
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