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Posto incantevole, nel cuore della Val d'Itria, vicinissimo ad Ostuni, Cisternino, Martina Franca , Locorotondo etc… che posti favolosi e che base ideale per esplorarli! Al nostro arrivo Anna ci ha accolto con della frutta fresca ed e' poi stata disponibilissima e gentilissima per tutto il nostro soggiorno. Il trullo e' una meraviglia: pulitissimo, confortevole, spazioso, con tutto il necessario. E' circondato da una bellissima campagna, e si possono fare delle belle passeggiate. E' una base ideale per vedere la Valle d'Itria ed in generale la Puglia. Il nostro unico dispiacere e' aver passato al trullo Edera una sla notte, io ed i miei amici ci saremmo restati volentieri una settimana! ---ENGLISH ---Trullo Edera is a delightful place in the heart of Val d'Itria and an ideal base to explore Ostuni, Cisternino, Martina Franca, Locorotondo, towns you'd be mad to miss if you are in Puglia! At our arrival, Anna welcomed us with delicious fresh fruit and she was extremely kind and helpful throughout our stay. The Trullo is a marvel: besides the opportunity of staying in a traditional Puglia house, which is an experience in itself, the trullo was clean, comfortable, spacious, and equipped with everything you need. It is surrounded by a stunning countryside, and you can walk around and explore the place. It 'a great base to see the Valley Itria and in general Puglia. Our only regret is that we spent there only one night, my friends I would have gladly remained for a whole week!Matteo2012-07-05T00:00:00Z
We really enjoyed our stay. We were welcomed by Anna's mother and shown around the trulli. It was every thing that we expected. Anna came and introduced herself when she came home form work and she told us where to find the most convenient super market and restaurant. (Top class restaurant only 5 minutes away) She also helped us with our planning about what sights to see while in the area. Our daughter who lives in Sweden decided to join us for our time in southern Italy and Anna allowed her to join us in the Trulli with very little notice. On our last night we spent 2-3 hours with Anna and her father where we shared a drink and were able to ask all our questions about life in the local area and explore the differences between life in New Zealand and Italy. Great place and great people.Grant2015-05-23T00:00:00Z
All was great. Really cozy, secluded, but a close drive to all.Joseph 2017-02-26T00:00:00Z
Fantastic Trullo accommodation a 10 minute drive outside Cisternino in beautiful countryside surrounded by vineyards and olive groves. Anna's mother Tonia was there to meet us and with many hand gestures and smiles we were introduced to the delightful trullo. The large lounge and bedroom were both comfortable rooms and the kitchen and bathroom were well equipped. A lovely basket of goods awaited us and the fridge was stocked with orange juice, milk and wine. There are patios both front and back with table, chairs and sun-loungers and a barbeque area. By October the evenings were getting chilly after beautiful sunny days and temperatures of 26 degrees but the efficient central heating kept us nice and warm. As a base to explore the lovely hill towns nearby it was perfect. Our favourite, Martina Franca was a 15 minute drive away, but Locorotonda and Alberobella are also close by. Overall we'd have no hesitation in recommending Anna's trullo. The directions for getting there look complicated but just follow them and it's no problem.Hugh2013-10-25T00:00:00Z
We can't recommend this stay enough!! The Trulli is so peaceful and everything about our stay was perfect. We woke to the sounds of birds chirping and horses braying. Our girls especially loved the tree house in the beautiful old olive tree next to the Trulli. Inside the Trulli was perfect, homely, comfortable, decorated beautifully with a mix of antique pieces. This was our favorite stay on our 6 week Europe vacation. We enjoyed breakfast each morning under the canopy of a grape vine pergola. We arranged a cooking class for our two young daughters (and ourselves) and we learned to make fresh orecchiette pasta, foccacia, meatballs, a delicious batter to coat vegetables using fresh produce from the family's garden. Anna's family live just up the road. Be sure to book a cooking class with Veronica (Anna's sister) and ask to try Tonia's limoncello!! (Anna's mother). Tonia also makes one from mandarin and some others with herbs. If you have young children they might like to see Marco's menagerie (Anna's father) of birds, chickens, guinea pigs a peacock and a porcupine!! (our favourite). If you're lucky you might also catch a baby bird or chicken hatching like we did! You can also buy a bottle of their olive oil, home made from the trees on their farm. We are leaving with much heavier bags!! and very full hearts, we have already recommended all our families visit and we know this will not be our last stay here!! Tthe surrounding areas are beautiful also, there are some lovely places all very easy day visits. Aroberobello 20mins away, Ostuni (the old town), the beaches near Ostuni and along that coast are lovely. The little old town of Cisternino with it's white walled buildings is wonderful too, and it was much less busy with tourists than all the others. We found the people in the south of Italy to be warm, friendly and open. The north was very touristy and busy, whereas our stay in the south was much more peaceful and traditional. We LOVED it!! Highly recommend this stay!!Michael 2016-07-02T00:00:00Z
Il trullo e' ben arredato, pulito e spazioso.Roby & Michael2012-09-22T00:00:00Z
The driving instructions to reach the trullo were clear and well-illustrated. We were warmly welcomed by Anna and her mother, and immediately made to feel at home. There were provisions in the fridge, which was a really pleasant surprise, and we were also given fresh figs and eggs. We both found the trullo absolutely charming, comfortable and full of character. It retained its old-world charm, while being well-equipped with all the conveniences we needed. The freezer was particularly handy for bread, which we could re-heat. It was so lovely to eat breakfast outside in the sunshine, surrounded by the peace and quiet of the countryside. The whole experience was most relaxing. The location of the trullo was just perfect for us, close to many lovely towns and also to many beaches if that's what you want on your holiday. For us the trullo became a very special place, and we have returned to London with good memories. So thank you, Anna.Sheila2016-09-04T00:00:00Z
If you get a chance to stay with Anna and her lovely family, do it! The Trulli have everything you need and the setting is truly magical. The weather wasn't great during our stay but we had a great time nonetheless. The town of Cisternino is very close by car and is charming to wander around and eat. Anna's recommendations in that respect were excellent and we loved the Bombettes (and food generally) at the butcher/restaurant. Thanks to you and your family, Anna, for letting people experience your special corner of the world.Gabrielle2016-10-17T00:00:00Z
オストゥーニ, Brindisi, イタリア
I have to say our stay at the casa caracol was one of the most unique and enjoyable stays we've ever had anywhere. Before beginning the actual review, I have to say that the service was better than anywhere I've ever stayed in the world. I wrote ahead to Raquel after reading on the site that she would be willing to reserve a golf cart for us to get around. She told me she'd take care of everything, and boy did she. She had her daughter Vanessa meet us at the ferry and take us to the house where the man was waiting with the cart. In about 10 seconds, he took my driver's license and my money and the deal was done. Everything was perfect. Not only that, Vanessa took us around the city and showed us several restaurants from which to choose while we were there and I can tell you she knows good food! I have been coming to Mexico for 35 years, and I love Mexican food. On our trip to Isla Mujeres we had some of the best food we've ever eaten. Seafood tacos so fresh the fish were caught and prepared less than 4 hours before we ate it. The house was just like the pictures. Everything was neat, orderly and tidy. A great setting and a great place to sit by the pool and photograph the sunrise. It was a whimsical time in in whimsical place. Air conditioners worked exceptionally well. They will freeze you out in 10 minutes if you're not judicious with the settings, which is unusual for an island paradise. All in all we left our short stay feeling like family. Raquel and Vanessa wouldn't let us leave until we had shared hugs all around. I can hardly wait to do it again. We have never been treated so well, made so welcome or been appreciated so much anywhere else we've ever stayed. Yes, we'll be back. We loved it. The only difficulty I had was getting my wife to leave when our turn was over. Our only regret was that we didn't have more time. If you were a writer looking write the next great novel, this would be the place you'd want to do it. You can stay here with confidence.Allan 2016-03-04T00:00:00Z
Me and my fiancé had the best time at the seashell house! it was like a fairy tale! Michelle was the best host and calmed a lot of my nerves before arriving. She arranged for us to be picked up at the airport and then again at the ferry. Everyone she connected us with was beyond helpful, warm, and oh so friendly. The house is just like the pictures and we had the best time. It was so nice having something private for our 4 day stay. We rented a golf cart and explored the island by day and relaxed and swam in our private pool at night. it was pretty magical. We actually had so much fun we missed our flight and when we had to stay another day, I called michelle and she immediately found us a great place to stay on the beach just 10 minutes from the airport and greeted us when we arrived. We loved the house and we loved her. We will definitely be returning as soon as possible :DDanielle2012-07-10T00:00:00Z
Our stay in the seashell house was spectacular!! The hosts where amazing and very helpful. They offered to give us ride to downtown or even to the super market any time. The house is very unique and everyone on the island knows it.Amit2014-01-03T00:00:00Z
Could not express how much I loved staying at Casa Caracol. Not only was the house amazing, Raquel and her daughter were extremely hospitable. Casa Caracol is conveniently located towards the southern part of Isla Mujeres and is easily reached by a 10 minute cab ride. The area is quiet and peaceful, yet not too far from the center of town. Every detail of the house perfectly fit to achieve a fantasy seashell house! I loved everything about this place, and would stay here again.Tracey2016-03-13T00:00:00Z
Each morning I woke up and said, "We slept in a freaking sea shell baby, how amazing is that!?!" The house is featured in island literature as a beautiful site to see, so people do stop to take pics, and it made us proud to be staying there! Michelle is not the easiest/quickest to communicate, and she prefers the (SENSITIVE CONTENTS HIDDEN) (which I hate) to correspond. I emailed her 5 simple questions, but only got answers to 2... The owner, Raquel, right next door is an absolute angel and a pleasure to interact with! We had a dear couple meet us there and they stayed in the smaller shell, which is its own suite. The pics of the amazing bathroom are in the smaller shell, FYI. The inside of the shell is as cool and thoughtfully designed as the outside. Like a favorite pair of sandals, this place is well loved and full of charm! ;) I LOVE that it is located on the opposite side of the island as the resorts. I wish that I had not listened to the advice about not bringing my rental car over...there IS parking, and it would have been cheaper to keep the car than pay $$$ for a ride to the ferry, back to the airport, and (very fun) golf cart rental. I read a ridiculous review from a couple who left their stay early because of "the scary lizards", LOL! If you are repulsed by cute bug-eating geckos, you probably belong in the over-priced human-anthill-resorts...and not in the tropics! We highly recommend this dreamy mermaid paradise!!Sam2015-07-23T00:00:00Z
wow! beautiful house and i couldn't believe the architect/owner is the brother of the famous mexican artist octavio ocampo! once i saw his artwork inside the home, i was enchanted and surprised! Vanessa was also an amazing host. She even drove me early in the morning to get some groceries so we can have breakfast at home! This is really a once in a lifetime experience! Every detail in the house is beautiful! What a talented family of artists! My son's birthday became so special because of our stay in Casa Caracol, our time in isla mujeres! Thank you Vanessa for everything! We will definitely be back!Jaymee2016-08-31T00:00:00Z
Amazing experience, original, one of a kind house with a lovely host. I recommend this house to everybody for an unforgettable stay here. Rachel is a perfect host, providing everything one could possibly need and so warm that makes you feel at home.Mihaela2014-08-27T00:00:00Z
Our stay at case caracol was amazing. The house is beautiful and had everything we needed! Michelle and Raquel were very helpful about giving us directions and they even pre-reserved a golf cart for us! I can't wait to come back!Melanie2015-05-30T00:00:00Z
イスラ・ムヘーレス, メキシコ
I had a delightful 2 night stay at the tree house. The tree house offers the best of both worlds-it's peaceful and a great place to relax, yet it's also close to lots of dining options. I loved it!Meredith2016-06-22T00:00:00Z
The treehouse was everything we could have hoped for. Peter was an exceptional host. The bed which rolls out so you can sleep under the stars was awesome!!! And for being in the woods there was no mosquitos! I highly recommend this location.Bridget2016-06-27T00:00:00Z
The treehouse looks in real life just as it does in the pictures and is a truly unique experience. Peter was very accommodating and even thigh the weather wasn't great (lots of storms in the area) we were still able to enjoy the treehouse and the feel of being in the middle of nature. There isn't too much noise from the neighbouring houses so you get the feeling of being secluded.Jenny2016-05-04T00:00:00Z
Who knew somewhere so peaceful was located right in the heart of Atlanta! Katie and Peter are fantastic hosts - they've thought of everything to make your stay comfortable and relaxing. Their dog Daisy is an absolute sweetheart! Rain or shine (we had some of both), the treehouses are magical. Don't let a little rain scare you away...The afternoon showers and rain at night may have been my favorite thing about our stay! When you're planning your stay at the treehouses, my advice is NOT to make plans. Just stay. Experience the treehouses. It will be the most restful, magical, and childhood-fulfilling vacation of your life!Emily2015-04-20T00:00:00Z
My wife and I had a wonderful two day stay at Peter and Katie's treehouse to celebrate our first anniversary. Peter was very welcoming on arrival, orienting us with house, providing us a bottle of wine and introducing us to the old man of the forest. He also graciously provided us coffee and tea on the mornings of our stay. The treehouse itself is open to the forest. There is an eclectic mix of found glass doors and windows that overlook a creek and lots of greenery. From the treehouse, it seems like you're staying in Peter Pan's hideout instead of a Buckhead neighborhood. It's an extremely unique experience. The decor of the house is whimsical, with lots of gauzy drapes and Christmas lights that really enforce the Neverland feel. The bed rolls out of a set of bay doors so that you can look up into the forest. It makes it feel as if you're really sleeping out in the forest. For our trip, the weather was immaculate; we only had to use the provided fans before night fall. Overall, the stay was absolutely fantastic. We will certainly continue to return as long as Peter and Katie allow! Thanks, Anthony and AlexisAnthony2016-09-14T00:00:00Z
We had the most magical couple of days staying in Peter and Katies treehouse. As stunning as the pictures are none can truly capture the phenomenal essence of this place and its impact on your soul. In addition to be warmly greeted and looked after by Peter, we were treated to a lovely food and wine hamper. Our first night was spent with the bed rolled out under the stars, which was a truly refreshing experience. The second night we were lucky enough to snuggle up as a thunderstorm rattled outside, it was divine. Peter was a wonderful host. Him and Katie have created an adult wonderland in their backyard. Should we ever be in Atlanta again we will be stopping by for another visit!Keely2017-03-22T00:00:00Z
Wow! I saw a few years back a few friends of mine had visited the treehouse and then posted the experience to (SENSITIVE CONTENTS HIDDEN)- immediately interested I went to air bnb to get in on the action- however this unique spot was booked solid for at least a year. Recently around Christmas time I saw some availability for April and immediately booked. Upon arriving you are driving through any regular suburban style neighborhood so you think," this isn't the right place." As soon as you pull down the driveway you are immediately taken to another place. Spiritually, and physically- it just is an out of this world experience. Peter asked a few times if I was okay because you are so taken back by what your seeing (but not in a bad way!) The treehouses felt fresh, and clean and were filled with wine, snacks and fresh flowers. For a chilly night the bed warms up! Every particular detail was though of and it was transparent to me that Peter just wanted to create the best experience possible for whoever is staying. I have nothing bad to say about my experience other then I wish I stayed longer. Until next time!Ashley2017-04-03T00:00:00Z
Amazing! We watched fireflies before drifting off to sleep. This is a must stay.Tom2017-03-30T00:00:00Z
アトランタ, ジョージア州, アメリカ
What a unique set-up with beautiful design. This Airstream stay made for an incredible experience - watching the sunset and sunrise from this overlook was quite spectacular. Views are unlike anything I've experienced in the LA-area. Hope to stay again soon!rob2017-01-17T00:00:00Z
The views are absolutely fantastic and the accommodations are one of a kind. I will definitely visit again!!Felicia2016-12-26T00:00:00Z
Place was exactly how others reviewed it, Spectacular! pictures don't do it justice.Bobby2017-02-16T00:00:00Z
Absolutely perfect! What a majestic retreat up in the mountain! The little last 0.75 miles up the dirt road is a little intimidating if you are a city slicker, but definitely do-able and you'll conquer the fear fairly quickly. It is an airstream dream come true!Michell2017-03-28T00:00:00Z
Heaven! This place is beyond beautiful - the property is gorgeous, the airstream is so cool/so thoughtfully decorated, and the views are insane. Pictures don't do it justice! Such a romantic and unique getaway. Christian was an amazing host and very helpful!Kietly2017-02-05T00:00:00Z
we stay for our honeymoon here.. it was an amazing location with majestic scenery.. definitely must try for everyone.. if you only stay for one night like us don't ever miss the sunset.. and don't forget to gaze at the stars in the middle of the night, georgeus..Ivony2017-02-01T00:00:00Z
Wonderful experience - but be warned - the drive up into the mountains is not for the faint of heart! Totally worth the white knuckles. Hope to visit again!Edwin2016-12-17T00:00:00Z
so cool so cozy so dreamy -- a perfect stay all around. would recommend 10/10!!Luke2016-12-10T00:00:00Z
マリブ, カリフォルニア州, アメリカ
很特别的体验,非常酷的设计。订了这个房子之后才知道是John Hardy先生的创举。我们还参加了bamboo工厂和green school的参观活动,很棒!yolanda2014-10-08T00:00:00Z
在暴雨中告别三晚很特别的体验,虽然特别,但知道对自己也只是另一次看照片式的经历,照片很漂亮,但怎么拍的,为何要拍无从得知。只能从一个观者的角度稍微猜测下作者的内心情绪和意图,而且是基于匆匆一瞥。 Green village的marketing口号大致是类似自然,环保,设计这样的主题,初到酒店check in的时候,的确也被兴奋感和这样的主题所包围,以至于以为发现了精品酒店的新大陆。客观来说,当住客只把注意力放在酒店希望客人注意的点上的话,酒店大致就算成功了,就这方面来说,green village算是相当成功,依照热带雨林地势而建的私密竹楼,面对自然全开放式的活动休息空间,带有独特美感的建筑结构,自建的水系统,细心打磨的内装,简约又带丝若隐若现民族风格的家私,复古式的风扇和黄铜打造的沐浴系统,环保的驱蚊水和手工皂,在合适的光线下给人梦幻感的雪白纱帐...,还有,还有显赫的家世(两次登上纽约时报,好像还得过一个建筑类大奖,上过时代周刊),哪一样都会是住客今后一段时间很好的谈资。没错,就是谈资,I got a good story to tell,这该已是精品酒店核心价值之一,在good story的封面下,又有多少住客愿意去reading between the lines呢。 三个晚上,几乎没怎么睡,和潮湿纠缠不休,和各种叫或叫不出名字的小动物纠缠不休,和湍急的河水声以及雨林中奇怪的声响纠缠不休,干脆放弃本来就很糟糕的睡眠,迷迷糊糊的思考真相以及是否有真相这么回事儿。很难得出任何结论,因为我大致知道自己,一个无可救药沦陷在城市生活中的业余自然爱好者;喜欢阳光,干燥和安静;同时是个不绝望的浪漫主义者,老是好奇过去到底给现在留下了些什么。所以我只能从自己的感受和处境出发,安慰几乎每天都要为雨季道歉上五分钟的酒店经理说一切都好,同时为自己无法认真的从设计师的角度来理解当地人和大自然相处的关系而深感遗憾。但我隐隐觉得自己的失眠感受在无意中掀开了书的一页,只是插图和文字都还模模糊糊,依稀不可辨。很值得体验!小君2016-02-14T00:00:00Z
So first thing first. The house is as stunning as the pictures suggest. And once you are arrived, it has a magical feel, a uniqueness that makes it eminently worthwhile. Mirna and the housekeeping team are discreet yet helpful and the food absolutely delicious. The vegetables in particular are beyond words. The house was a perfect hub for our arrival and we spend 2 days not doing much apart from marvelling at the property. Also special kudos for the black lava soap and the natural bug repellent, and the quality of the linens, absolutely marvellous. But, and I am very surprised that this hasn't been mentioned more in the comments, there are a few things that are worth criticising, especially considering the very expensive price that is being asked. 1. communication We had issues getting answers from the managers, and as my wife is celiac, we needed some reassurance about food, which arrived pretty late in process. 2. property The pool was out of order and this was communicated to us not before, but casually during our visit. I don't think that's ok. Also, while the house is stunning, the surroundings aren't exactly as pictured on the Airbnb website. Again, nothing majorly wrong with it, but our first impression was a bit of deflation (quickly eliminated by the house and the view)Stephan2014-11-24T00:00:00Z
The bamboo house was above all our expectations (2 families with teenagers) for a number of reasons 1. The wonderful Eva - she really did everything she could to make our visit fantastic. She smiled as we dithered at the range of options (and then we'd change our minds) and then organised everything. Eva even made sure we all got to the chocolate factory on time by picking up our slower walkers on her scooter. 2. The house - it really does look like the photos. Sleeping in comfy beds, safely protected by large mosquito nets and listening to the river rush by below - such bliss. Making omelettes and fruit juices for breakfast and sitting at the table overlooking the valley - such bliss. Sitting in the pool in the evening with fireflies around the bushes - such bliss. 3. Everyone's pride in and enthusiasm for the houses - from the designers and their models, through to Patrick and his builders turning the dreams into reality through to those who took us through the houses. 4. The walking tour - across the bamboo bridge with the river rushing below, up through the 5-storey house ohhing and ahhing at everything, down the quiet road to the Bamboo Factory and meeting Patrick to hear about the process and then to the Chocolate Factory and salivating over the smell of cacao. The Green Village is 1/2 hour from Ubud. Our piece of advice would be to go as many different ways as possible - from the south, west and north - as each is scenic in its own way and gets you to a different part of Ubud.Carolyn2013-07-27T00:00:00Z
Breathtaking stay at sunrise villa! The house is amazing we didn't want to leave! Staff was friendly and polite and catered to our every need. Food was fantastic andreasonably priced. This was the trip of a lifetime, couldn't have asked for a more beautiful house while we explored Bali!Haylee2016-04-25T00:00:00Z
We recently spent 3 nights staying at Sunrise house . It was amazing experience. It was NOT just luxury holiday accommodation. The bamboo architecture was unbelievable & everywhere you looked there was so much detail in the construction of the bamboo. Going to sleep at night in a house with no glass windows in a river valley was incredible with the sound of the river lulling you to sleep. We even had our own resident bats visiting in the evenings. The staff were always helpful - arranging drivers for the day & providing unobtrusive daily service.Kaoru2015-12-30T00:00:00Z
Our experience at Green Village was truly a memorable one. The bamboo house is absolutely stunning, even more so in person than photos. The entire staff was very welcoming and accommodating to all our needs. I highly recommend staying here for a quiet and relaxing holiday.Brittny2016-04-07T00:00:00Z
The villa is situated in the serene and beautiful forest part of Bali. Every day when you wake up, you can hear the river flows and birds chirping. Every night, the river flows lulled you to sleep in your beautiful bed. It is nature at its finest and looking forward to visiting the other bamboo villas in the future..Jessica2016-02-08T00:00:00Z
Abiansemal, バリ島, インドネシア
Lo pasamos muy bien! Gracias!Jean2016-10-10T00:00:00Z
Yudy and Victoria's listing is located halfway between the airport and Armenia itself. The setting was gorgeous and surrounded by banana plantations, coffee trees, and bamboo. The main attraction here is to go to Cocora Valley, which was around 2 hours away. We enjoyed our stay in such a scenic area. The outdoor shower was great.Claire2016-08-24T00:00:00Z
Everything was beautiful. Yudy and Victoria were so helpful with airport and taking us where we needed to go. The cabana was perfect and a wonderful place to relax. It was total paradise there, I would definitely go backBridget2016-09-20T00:00:00Z
The cabana is absolutely amazing and beats all expectations. You are living like Robinson Crusoe completely surrounded by great nature with the amenities of a first class hotel. The outdoor shower is to die for. Yudy is an incredible host who will take care of any of your needs and will make your stay absolutely remarkable. She organized all or tours and we had a driver taking us anywhere we needed to go. I would always go back here, one of the best hospitality experiences I ever had. Extremely highly recommended.Lukas2016-07-15T00:00:00Z
Yudi und ihr Team waren wirklich unglaublich herzlich und hilfsbereit. Sie machen alles, damit man sich wohl fühlt und organisieren alle Aktivitäten zur vollsten Zufriedenheit. Das Essen ist super lecker. Solche Gastgeber kann man sich nur wünschen!!! Die Cabana und das Anwesen ist einfach nur ein Traum! Vielen Dank für alles!!!Julia2015-05-29T00:00:00Z
It was wonderful, simply perfect. They turned my parents stay into a unique and unforgettable experience.Lukas2016-05-18T00:00:00Z
From beginning I just felt in love with this property and the cabana! The very best was waking up in the morning and being in the nature with all this green and different birds. Yudy and her daughter Natalia were very nice and the food Yudy prepared was very tasty and fresh. The only thing I regretted is that I was alone and not with Andy my husband to share this tranquility ad peaceful atmosphere! Thank you Victoria and Yudy for sharing this beautiful place!Andreas2016-02-07T00:00:00Z
アルメニア, Quindio, コロンビア
My family and I had a wonderful stay at the Joshua Tree house!!! Looks just like the pictures. Close to pretty much everything, about 10 mins to JT national park. Sara and Rich make you feel very welcome and leave plenty of info along with restaurant menus. Beautifully decorated and very comfortable bed! Don't forget to sign the guest book after your stay! Scarbrough FamilySara2016-03-15T00:00:00Z
The home felt cozy, had several relaxation features and smelled good. I hope to visit again!Andrea2016-07-11T00:00:00Z
Awesome desert house, went with a few friends and loved our stay here. Sara and Rich put the perfect amount of special touches on/in the house (local coffee, good records, etc) to make it design-crush worthy and comfortable. Close to town but still secluded with beautiful views. The hot tub and fire wer great after a day of hiking in JT national park. Would definitely recommend!samantha2015-11-19T00:00:00Z
Great place, plenty of room for 4 of us. Very close to town and the park! Definitely recommend the house, lots of great outdoor space, too!Jordan2012-01-03T00:00:00Z
Dreams do come true! We adored our stay at The Joshua Tree House, gazing at sunsets from the hot tub, rising early for sunrise, touring and eating at many of the suggested local spots that were in the loveliest wee handmade book with plenty of other information, making our stay a breeze. Everything was perfect, and the house was so comfortable and welcoming it was hard to leave! Thank you Sara and Rich. We are already planning our next trip :)Alison2016-08-12T00:00:00Z
This is one of the most extraordinary places in the world. We absolutely loved Sara and Rich's home. Such warmth, creativity, care, detail and positive energy. Thank you for the experience.Emma2016-02-12T00:00:00Z
Absolutely loved our stay at the Joshua Tree house which left me dreaming about the desert after returning to the city. Sara and Rich have created a vacation home that makes one feel welcome upon arrival...the home is the perfect mix of desert modern bohemian and it's evident the owners have put a lot of thoughtful hours into creating a relaxing atmosphere. I highly recommend spending sunrises on the porch with coffee and enjoying sunsets in nearby Joshua Tree Natl Park. There are also a lot of local spots to explore...follow Sara and Rich's recommendations and you will not be let down. We look forward to coming back soon and checking out the Joshua Tree Casita. Thanks again, Sarah and Rich!Linzy2016-12-18T00:00:00Z
This house was as magical as the location. Such a unique house stocked with plenty of soft linens and comfy beds. Thorough information was provided by Sara and Rich and they were super kind about us arriving an hour early. The Joshua Tree House embodies serenity and it is the perfect house to enjoy the surrounds.Lesley2016-06-10T00:00:00Z
ジョシュアツリー, カリフォルニア州, アメリカ
Enjoyed a wonderful couple of days at Alexis and Manny's Cob House. An idyllic country setting. Like living a fairytale with sheep and chickens and bunnies. Our experience was made even better with inclusion of the B for breakfast. Alexis left the some fresh baked bread and other yummy items. Thanks Alexis, Manny and family. How could we recommend the special place any more but to say we plan to return to this magical place.Cheryl2015-10-24T00:00:00Z
Ein zauberhafter Ort, wunderschön gelegen und liebevoll gestaltet von Alexis und Manny. Wir haben hier ein paar Tage unserer Flitterwochen verbracht und es war wunderschön und entspannend. Das Cobhaus ist wirklich wie aus einem Märchen entsprungen♡ Die Insel ist sehr ruhig und wir empfehlen sich in der sehr gut ausgestattet Küche selbst zu versorgen, am besten die Grundnahrungsmittel auf dem Festland einkaufen. Unbedingt frische Sachen im von Alexis empfohlen Farmer Shop einkaufen und die Sandwiches (URL HIDDEN) lecker. Bei schönem Wetter können wir den Campell Bay Beach und den total einsamen Gallagher Bay Beach empfehlen. Thank you Alexis and family, for sharing this incredible, romantic and special place♡Katharina & Ingo2016-07-02T00:00:00Z
We enjoyed our stay at this lovely unique cottage. It had everything we needed (including a well equipped kitchen) and was a nice cozy place to come home to after a day of exploring the island. Perfect place for a quiet weekend.Caroline2016-11-14T00:00:00Z
Alexis was an absolutely wonderful host! She was very friendly and offered us good suggestions for places to go on the island. The cottage and farm were beautiful and the pictures on the listing don't do the place justice for how special and unique the place is! We had a fantastic time on Mayne Island at the cob cottage and would highly recommend staying with Alexis if you are looking for a unique, charming, and relaxing place to stay!Laura2015-07-20T00:00:00Z
A truly delightful overnight in this unique Cob Cottage. Very well depicted by the photographs and our experience was much enhanced by the delicious home baked bread, fresh eggs and delicious goat's milk! Very friendly and accommodating hosts. Will be delighted to recommend this place to our friends, but they may not be as lucky as we were to book the last available night for the whole summer! Many thanks. Rosemary and LarryRosemary2014-07-13T00:00:00Z
The cottage is so beautiful! Hope I can spend some more time in it. Manny picked up in the ferry station, twice, becoz we missed the first stop, :( he came second time in the afternoon, so nice of him. I would suggest you to bring your bikes, that's would be easy to tour around.Lingfeng2016-03-26T00:00:00Z
We had an extraordinary stay at the cob cottage. The space was cozy and inviting, and we savoured our time curled up next to the woodstove. Alexis was a phenomenal host - extremely communicative and accommodating, and even greeted us on our arrival with warm-from-the-oven oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. The cottage's interior is lovely and natural, complimented by beautiful gnarled arbutus and a gorgeous, rustic charm - the same way I would outfit my own cottage, if I had one! We especially loved the eye-window in the shower. Also, the chickens were a hoot to watch, especially when they made their way over to the window for a peek inside! Mayne Island is beautiful, and Alexis' cob cottage is a treasures. Hoping to return for another visit in the future!Megan2013-11-12T00:00:00Z
We had a wonderful stay at the cottage. We were made to feel welcome with fresh eggs, milk and butter in the refrigerator. Coffee and tea were available. There were wild flowers in vases. It was clean and well maintained. The cottage is unique in it's design and is charming.Deena2015-05-08T00:00:00Z
Mayne Island, ブリティッシュコロンビア州, カナダ
Difficult to find: GPS does not work, absolutely no signs up steep narrow winding road. Hostess greeted us in a surly manner. Very dangerous access to the cabin down a steep hillside on steps carved out of the ground in a zigzag manner lacking any handrail and dimly lit at night.Ralph2016-08-23T00:00:00Z
We loved our time at Kitty and Michael's little hideaway. The dome home is lovely and peaceful. We enjoyed bird watching from the deck and meeting their wonderful goats and doggies. Kitty and Michael are truly great people and their property is gorgeous! So grateful for our time here!Noel2016-11-25T00:00:00Z
My hosts made me feel like part of the greater family. Gracious informative and insightful. I felt grounded and free at the same time. Wonderful stay.emily2016-03-04T00:00:00Z
If you're looking to retreat from the hustle and bustle of city life, look no further. Kitty and Michael's mushroom cabin is tucked away in nature, but not too far from some of the best bbq I've had (~10min drive) and the beautiful Santa Cruz Boardwalk (~30min drive). We loved exploring the property and hummingbirds, playing board games after nightfall, and looking up at the sky from the loft. The wifi was upgraded for those wanting to cozy up and stream movies. Kitty was a gracious host, and we will most certainly be back. Thank you for having us and making our stay so memorable!Salina2016-03-29T00:00:00Z
The mushroom dome is a very special place and Kitty was a great host. We really appreciate her showing us the hummingbirds. We wish we could have stayed longer!Jon2014-12-11T00:00:00Z
The Mushroom Dome is a wonderful place to stay. It's location is quiet, rural and rustic. The town of Aptos is not far away for shops and restaurants. Our host, kitty was very kind and considerate. It was raining when we were there but it didn't matter one bit. The cabin is warm and cosy. The bed firm but comfortable. When you look out the windows you see large redwood trees :-) you should ask Kitty to show you the humming birds by the main house. Magical :-) Our sat-nav had some issues finding the entrance to their road, but combined with the notes on directions this wasn't too much of an issue. We could only stay for 1 night, due to high demand, so if you are considering booking don't hesitate! :-) Phil & JadePhil and Jade2012-03-17T00:00:00Z
Kitty and Michael welcomed us. She was great in going over the rules and what-not-to-dos of the place and we made a little small talk before she provided us with some fresh goats milk and they left us for the evening. It was quiet and peaceful and a large part of making what was "the best birthday ever" for my boyfriend.Heather2016-07-02T00:00:00Z
Very cute cabin! Kitty is very kind! Thanks for having us!Jennifer2012-03-24T00:00:00Z
アプトス, カリフォルニア州, アメリカ
What a wonderful stay amidst the redwoods! Rachel was easy to communicate with and our stay went about as smoothly as you could imagine. The cabin is a perfect getaway for two: afternoon on the porch, wonderful dinner while listening to her record collection, then a cozy evening with books and board games! A great place to unplug, listen to the breeze rustle through the redwoods, and above all...relax.Emily2015-05-03T00:00:00Z
Insanely cool cabin with a quiet and cozy feel. The place was set up just like the photos and had everything we needed. While there is a lot to do within close driving distance (wine tasting, Russian River, the coast, etc.), it was just as easy to relax and hang at the cabin and listen to a few records. Everything Rachel provided was spot on. Would love to come back again.Jeff2015-02-22T00:00:00Z
We had such a relaxing little time, listened to record and played board games. Rachel's cabin was as expected, nice and cozy. When we first got there it was quite cold, Rachel did warn us about this though, but once we got the fire going, it was no problem at all. Also, I loved waking up to the sound of rain. Perfect getaway.Meredith2016-12-09T00:00:00Z
We had a great time here. The house is as cozy as it looks.Matt2014-11-16T00:00:00Z
Had a great weekend away in the Sonoma at Rachel's cabin. She sent me an email with all the details I needed to get our weekend started the right way. The cabin is cute, spacious, and very clean. The space heaters were great as it was a bit chilly and the wood stove was a breeze to get started if your wood is dry. The kitchen is stocked, so cooking is as easy as it is at home. We decided to stay in most of the time and cooked up a storm. The vinyl collection is spot on and gives the cabin a vibe that can't be beat. There are state parks and beaches either along the Russian River or the Coast within 30 mins of the cabin (ideal!) I would definitely stay again in the summer!Johnny2016-02-07T00:00:00Z
The cabin is nothing short of perfect. An amazing location, a beautiful home, and all the peace you could hope for. Rachel was really helpful and provided everything we needed, plus some super tips for local eateries etc. We only wished we could stay longer and definitely plan to return.natasha vasiliki2015-08-19T00:00:00Z
This is one of favorite Airbnb stays, ever! Dreamy listing. Great host. A ton of things to explore close by. Loved it!Tan2015-03-22T00:00:00Z
Rachel's A-frame cabin is like a 1970s dream come true. The cabin is really as good as the pictures seem (and more). Rachel's directions were very easy to follow & once we got there we felt very secluded. We had a great time firing up the charcoal grill in the back, putting on some 70s soul records, and disconnecting (Rachel does have wifi set up though!)Ben2015-04-10T00:00:00Z
カザデロ, カリフォルニア州, アメリカ
The host has been amazing! The hospitality and service were great(: the staff are all friendly and breakfast was really good. All in all I really enjoyed my stay there and wish I could stay for more than a night!chloe2015-05-21T00:00:00Z
What an amazing trip to the Lake district. The castle has been beautifully restored. Loved it all and especially the owners and other guests.Barbara2016-08-03T00:00:00Z
We had a great time at Augill castle. The staff were very friendly, helpful and accomodating. The castle and and surrounding area are beautiful and peaceful. An amazing spot to just relax and enjoy your time.Sam2016-09-06T00:00:00Z
We had one night experience in Augill Castle which was good. Wendy recommended us Orangery room which is good for couple who want to hide away from other guests. The day when we arrived, Wendy's daughter Emily gave us a fast tour and showed us the honesty bar. We met Wendy in the morning, she was also friendly and easy communicative. The breakfast was fantastic. Overall, it made our castle dream come true.Linley2016-06-26T00:00:00Z
We didn't get to meet Simon and Wendy personally, but their house staff were very friendly and helpful. The castle itself is wonderfully presented! The rooms were very spacious, and the decor definitely makes you feel like you're in an earlier time. The grounds are also very well presented. Highly recommended!Nathan2012-05-13T00:00:00Z
What an amazing place! Was made to feel very welcome and the whole experience of staying in a castle was perfect. The room and ensuite were superb and the meals devine.Sharon2012-08-30T00:00:00Z
Staying in a beautiful castle in a scenic area of northern England? This place was truly incredible.Mike2011-08-06T00:00:00Z
The place was amazing, even better than the pictures! It was a beautiful escape from realityCian2016-04-28T00:00:00Z
Cumbria, イギリス
Probably the best place I have ever stayed in my life. Total bliss. Will be back as soon as humanly possible and for a month next time! Thank you for letting us stay!Claire2015-11-21T00:00:00Z
Fantastic location and house! The perfect place to relax and think. Inspiring. Linda is super helpful. I reccommend this rental experience to anyone.Eli2010-12-12T00:00:00Z
An amazing house. For anyone who loves design, wildlife, outdoors and/or green - this place has it all. Stayed for three nights. Due to the nature of the full glassed room - sleeping the first night felt 'exposed', but soon got used to it. You can spend hours (with a cold beer ;)) just staring out the windows during sunset. I was rewarded with a bobcat sighting from the living room on my last night. The house can be located via GPS. Since you are in the desert, expect to 'share' the house with some neighbors. My stay included beetles, lizard and ants. Although the drive into town is less then 15 mins - suggest getting provisions for the whole stay and just enjoy the house and its surroundings. [During my stay, there was a trailer parked on the hill that looked directly into the house - hence, was not as private as we wanted it to be]Robert2013-08-28T00:00:00Z
What an incredible experience! I love Joshua Tree already, but to stay in a place like this AND go do Joshua Tree... just awesome. I took my boyfriend here for a surprise and he gave it an "A+". We are both designers, so this was right up our alley :) All the other reviews are spot on. A couple things to note: If you have the option to bring an SUV/Off-road-ish vehicle, do so. The road to the house is dirt and treated with ridges and there are some rough spots. It's not going to kill your car, but like I said, if you have the option... We came in the winter time, and like Linda had advised, power is quite scarce. It was by no means inconvenient, though. We ran out of power twice, but it was also quite cloudy during the day, so the solar panels couldn't harness a lot of energy. The views, and the ambiance of the house's setting is unforgettable. What a great set up. Well done, Linda! You'll enjoy your time here, for sure.Jacqueline2014-01-27T00:00:00Z
This is a very special place, Linda has created a unique home that blends in with the landscape wonderfully. Arriving at a home as isolated as this could have been a very daunting experience, Linda ensured that it was not, she was incredibly attentive about everything particularly getting there safely! Inside the house is furnished simply and tastefully. We left with heavy hearts.Robert2014-06-23T00:00:00Z
Epic house! Like stepping onto another planet. We had a photo shoot there, it was spectacular. Everything was just as we hoped for. Great hostess!Jamie2015-06-18T00:00:00Z
Beautiful and extraordinary stay in Joshua Tree and this incredible house. Thank you, Linda, for sharing this incredibly special part of your story and creativity with us!Bart2016-10-27T00:00:00Z
Amazing. Amazing house. Amazing setting. Amazing.Luke2015-02-21T00:00:00Z
Pioneertown, カリフォルニア州, アメリカ
This listing is one of my favorite places on earth. We planned our whole holidays in Iceland around it and it held every promises. The place is beautiful like on the pictures, the interior design is done with great taste and attention to details. Everything is kept very clean and tidy. The kitchen is just perfect and has everything you could need, the beds are super comfortable and that view from the balcony will stay in our memories forever. We got the chance to enjoy stunning Northern Lights while enjoying a tasty glass of wine from the bottles that wait for you in fridge. Stunning. Petur and his wife are exceptional at hosting you with class and dealt with last minute minor issues with elegance. The whole place has a great soul and the energy flows nicely. More than a simple house, it is a place you can have the chance to call home for a few days. Don't miss it!Michel2016-10-29T00:00:00Z
The host canceled this reservation 5 days before arrival. This is an automated posting.suff2016-02-20T00:00:00Z
We had a wonderful stay at Inga's appartment in Akureyri. It is beautifully designed and located just outside of the City center, with a wonderful view over it. A superb Terrace and heated floors in the bathroom made It even better. Definitely a place we would recommend.Jennifer2015-07-18T00:00:00Z
The apartment is very nice and well arranged with a modern style. It was very nice to find some fresh oranges as a welcome got. Coffee and were also available. Inga Mirra was very helpful in guiding us to join the apartment that has a wonderful view of the fjord and a great terrace. It was a nice stop in our journey in Iceland.Mario2015-08-10T00:00:00Z
Loved the apartment! Gorgeous setup and decor. The view was wonderful and the location was awesome. Had a little trouble getting in contact and getting directions, but we managed to figure things out in time.Yashi2015-05-08T00:00:00Z
A beautiful flat with an outstanding view of Akureyri and the surrounding area. The location was perfect for day excursions which included hiking (Lake Myvatn), thermal baths (Jarobodin Nature Baths), whale watching (Husavik), waterfalls and kayaking in the fjord. The flat was clean and well-maintained with all common necessities for cooking and clean up provided. Inga Mirra was a perfect host and responded quickly to all inquiries. We highly recommend this rental!Ryan2013-06-30T00:00:00Z
I must say, without exaggeration, that staying here was one of the most unforgettable experiences of my life! I think my fellow travellers would agree. The apartment itself is beautiful, modern, clean, and comfortable. The underfloor heating was particularly well received. But the star of the show is, as always with Iceland, the view. As we woke up on our first morning and stumbled onto the decking in brilliant sunshine, we were all mesmerised. Highly recommended!! Thank you very much!Charlie2016-04-04T00:00:00Z
The apartment offered incredible views of the city and surroundings and was in a great location. Mirra was very responsive to emails with any questions we had and she stocked the fridge with beverages you could purchase at a very reasonable price. We very much enjoyed our time right outside of Akureyri!Patton2015-06-12T00:00:00Z
アークレイリ, Northeast, アイスランド
Un perfetto rifugio d'amore per chi vuole fare qualcosa di particolare ...!!!Cesare2017-02-15T00:00:00Z
What an experience we had in the CasaBarthel Treehouse. My wife Brittany and I knew we were going to have a great time in Florence/ Tuscany but, the hospitality we received from Elena and Daniela was second to none. We were given the option for breakfast every morning and thank god we accepted. Words or pictures can't describe the setting we had waking up and eating breakfast overlooking the Tuscan hills. It is like waking up in paradise. Besides the incredible views, the fact you can say you stayed in a Treehouse in Tuscany is something we will never forget. Another part of this great experience was the relationship we developed with Daniela. She is so sweet and so helpful that she made leaving very difficult. In addition to being offered breakfast, we were also given the option to have dinner prepared and again, what a great decision we made. Daniela really has a passion to cook and did it ever show. I can go on and on about what an incredible experience we had but, unless you stay here, you will not understand. We have been very fortunate to stay in some pretty incredible places and the CasaBarthel Treehouse is without a doubt near the top of the list.Kyle2016-05-07T00:00:00Z
The Treehouse was a truly idyllic place to stay while visiting Florence. Only 15 minutes from Florence center, but feeling like it was in the middle of the countryside. Elena was very hospitable. The pool was relaxing, the architecture of the treehouse inspiring and the views were spectacular. We also visited Osteria del Milione, and amazing local restaurant (booking recommended)Ben2015-07-04T00:00:00Z
La casa è stupenda...bisogna andarci per capire quanto sia unica...e la signora Daniela gentilissima e disponibile...ritorneremo di sicurobruno2014-04-07T00:00:00Z
This property is amazing, absolutely idyllic and perfect for the Florence part of our honeymoon! Elena was so helpful on the run up to the trip and we were welcomed warmly and made to feel right at home. I couldn't recommend this highly enough and we will certainly be back!Nicola2014-06-30T00:00:00Z
Casa molto bella e accogliente, veramente romantica.viola2014-11-30T00:00:00Z
Elena is a super host. Very chilled lady but also is a very strong astute woman. We felt totally at ease around her and her grounds. We had trouble getting to the house just because of traffic and road works and elena kindly offered to pick us up from the bottom of the hill nearby. We really appreciated this. The tree house OUT OF THIS WORLDLindsay2015-06-19T00:00:00Z
(URL HIDDEN)!!cristiano2017-01-09T00:00:00Z
フィレンツェ, トスカーナ, イタリア
It is a really lovely cottage!!! A very wonderful experience and the hosts are very helpful. Would definitely go there again.Hanying2017-01-06T00:00:00Z
Would highly recommend this place. Gorgeous and secluded, yet minutes to the town of Lee and other area attractions. Perfect for a make your own adventure trip!Connor2017-04-02T00:00:00Z
The Silo Studio is fantastic! Makes you feel like you stepped right into a fairy tale. Highly recommended. Denise and Dennis are wonderful hosts. We had a great experience.Sean2017-04-05T00:00:00Z
The silo studio was magical and the area is right out of a storybook. Denise is super helpful and knowledgeable and easy to get ahold of when needed. I would definitely recommend this place for a romantic getaway.Shawn2017-03-24T00:00:00Z
We had an enjoyable, cozy stay on a few cold winter days; the tiny house was comfortable and charming and by far one of the most unique places I have ever stayed.Maureen2016-12-27T00:00:00Z
We arrived on a Sunday and stayed in the Silo Studio Cottage. We were the only guests and loved that Denise and Dennis were so gracious with their time and suggestions. The estate is so scenic, nicely located near charming New England towns. Denise recommended lots of restaurants for every taste. Dennis is such a great craftsman and did a wonderful restoration. It was our Anniversary and there was a bottle of bubbly chilling and when we needed something it was addressed promptly. We hope to be back in the future!John2016-09-13T00:00:00Z
Denise was a wonderful host. She shared some great recommendations for things to do in the area and some nice restaurants. The cottage was everything you'd expect and more. There was a bottle of wine waiting at our arrival which was an extremely nice touch. We definitely want to come back to this amazing spot.John2016-11-06T00:00:00Z
This place was absolutely breath taking! Me and my fiancé had a wonderful time, the silo studio cottage is everything expected and more. The host Denise was very helpfully and wonderful. I will definitely be going back.Sylwia 2015-12-30T00:00:00Z
Tyringham, マサチューセッツ州, アメリカ
Since returning from the Old Smock Windmill, we haven't stopped telling everyone about it! It is truly amazing and we had the most perfect stay. Clare has renovated the windmill beautifully, with immaculate attention to detail. It's incredibly cosy and we felt at home as soon as we walked in. Clare is a wonderful and friendly host, providing us with a welcome basket of organic eggs and fresh local produce on arrival, as well as a brief history of the windmill which was great. I can't recommend the old smock windmill more - two nights was definitely not long enough!Nathalie2015-05-04T00:00:00Z
Clare was warm and welcoming and took time to show us around the mill, explaining its history and had freshly baked bread, eggs from the hens and home-grown toamtoes- all greatly appreciated! The mill itself is truly breathtaking and the decor respectfully adds to the rustic charm; we were very sad to leave and can't wait to stay again in the future! The views are stunning and the neighbourhood is so quiet, as you would expect. Thanks again to Clare for making us feel so at home and for being a wonderful host.James2016-04-11T00:00:00Z
My husband and I had a fantastic weekend at the Old Smock Windmill. Clare was very friendly and showed us around the windmill when we arrived, explaining some of the features. There was a lovely welcome basket in the Kitchen too which was a nice touch. The windmill is beautiful and a lovely place to relax in. We enjoyed putting the fire on and having a glass of wine on the comfy sofa! The views from every window are spectacular and it was a real joy to stay here. Will come back!Rachel2015-10-26T00:00:00Z
You wouldn't think it is possible but the Windmill is even more beautiful than the photographs suggest. Clare has done a fantastic of renovating the windmill and has considered every last detail. Its a brilliant place to relax.Kate2016-02-09T00:00:00Z
Our stay at the Old Smock Mill was wonderful we had beautiful weather and couldn't say one bad thing about the mill, it was beautiful inside and out! Clare was a great host chatting when we crossed but also leaving us to our own thing, she's a sweet motherly lady and made our stay as relaxing as possible. We visited a number of places in the area including Chapel Down winery which for ten pound we received a tour and tasting of around 8 wines, well worth the money and would advise to go! Taxis are good price in the area as we was charged £25 for there and back with AR Taxis I think they were called. If your planning on eating out I'd suggest The West House. It may have been pricey at either £60 or £90 per person depending on the menu but was certainly worth it for 5* food. Overall I couldn't fault my stay and have been showing our friends all the pictures, on that note the pictures Clare shows on her page are up to date and a perfect representation of what you'd arrive to! 10 out of 10!!Josh2015-06-25T00:00:00Z
This is a charming place to come to escape London for the weekend. Thanks to Clare for her warmth and hospitality.Sam2016-11-08T00:00:00Z
The Windmill is lovely. Nice design, well preserved, spacious and clean. Clare is a very nice host, discreet but also available if something is needed. The windmill is fully equipped for a super enjoyable stay and its atmosphere is something that we definitely loved. Benenden (town in walking distance) is very nice. We really liked the local pub and the locals were very welcoming. We would love to get back there soon!Ioanna2016-01-25T00:00:00Z
A wonderfully quiet and beautiful way to spend a valentines weekend. The windmill has been refurbished perfectly in every way. We loved every minute we spent there and were very sad to leave. In spite of the weather this magical place will be remembered for a long time to come! thanks clareNik2016-02-15T00:00:00Z
Benenden, イギリス
Wonderful decor, snacks, waters,all the necessitiesSarah2016-10-05T00:00:00Z
We had an incredible time in the tree house. It was truly unique and spectacular.Evan2016-11-12T00:00:00Z
Terrific communication and responsiveness.David2016-09-05T00:00:00Z
Dreamy indeed! You're definitely off the grid in this tucked away tree house, and it's the most magical place to get away from it all. Kristie thought about every detail, both in the design and decor (it's as beautiful as the pictures show), and in welcoming us to the area. We had a thorough listing of all the places to eat nearby (some really great food in Volcano!) as well as things to do. We enjoyed a day at Volcano National Park, explored the Kapoho tide pools, and relished being disconnected for a few days. Nestled in the rain forest, the views and the sounds were just spectacular. We loved it!Catherine2016-06-03T00:00:00Z
Exactly as advertised. Loved the secluded location. Place was spotless and everything needed was there. A fun and unique night away.Erica2015-09-03T00:00:00Z
An absolutely magical tree house! Kristie's attention to detail when building this house was incredible, absolutely every little thing is perfect and it will leave you in awe! As a host Kristie was fantastic and had thought of everything to make her guests comfortable, right down to leaving brownies and local macadamia nuts! Easy communication and lots of great info at the house about things to do etc.Shannon2016-06-29T00:00:00Z
Make sure the batteries are charged! We stayed at the property in November. The treehouse and property look better than the pictures and location is ideal to spend time in Volcano national park. However, all was not smooth: Upon arrival in the evening, we found power lasted appropriately 20-30 minutes and the shower was cold. We assumed that rain did not allow batteries to charge and went out for the next day in the park. When we returned, power lasted less and the water stopped working. We contacted Kristie, who promptly responded and promised to send out a handyman in the morning and gave us a small discount for the inconvenience. He arrived and connected a gasoline generator under the treehouse. He moved it off into the woods, which we later discovered unplugged the generator when we returned from the park again with a few minutes of power. After considering leaving to find alternative accommodation, we were able to plug in the house to the generator and turn on the water pump in order to take a shower and flush the toilet before going to sleep with the sound if an engine running outside. The handyman returned in the morning to refill the gas engine and by then end if the day, they batteries were fully charged. The final day we stayed was finally with working electricity, water, hot water, and no noise from a generator running outside. We requested an adjustment for the lack of power, water, and interruption but have not received response.Jeff2015-11-22T00:00:00Z
The treehouse was lovely just like the pictures and there were many extra touches that made it thoughtful and contributed to the ambiance. I will also never forget the first morning I woke up being surrounded by the forest from every view, or the night time sitting on the edge and watching the rain run down the trees. However, I do urge anyone who stays here to think of this as a better version of camping, as it it solar powered on the rainy side of the island. Even with careful use we had little electricity and it definitely got a bit cold and damp, even inside. Still glad I stayed, but probably wouldn't have enjoyed a third day.christy2016-08-17T00:00:00Z
Fern Forest, ハワイ州, アメリカ
Se você tem alguma duvida em se hospedar nesta casa, não tenha mais, com toda certeza você vai ser surpreendido. Anthony esta pronto a te responder qualquer duvida, os caseiros neri e neia, os mais atenciosos e prontos a atender qualquer solicitação, a casa uma limpeza exemplar e tem tudo para uma excelente estadia. A casa possui, desde de torradeira, sanduicheira, pratos, panelas, taças, talheres, forno, microondas, fogão, tudo em perfeito estado, alem de aquecimento a gás, e ar condicionado em todos os cômodos, incluindo sala. O lugar é indescritível, a privacidade e a beleza natural são os pontos mais forte com certeza. Ao Anthony obrigado por permitir que outras pessoas compartilhem deste lugar sem igual.Cleiton2016-11-06T00:00:00Z
It was an exceptional experience our stay in the beach house of Anthony's property. It has paradisiac views, a nice private beach and a good service from Deivit, the caseiro. The house is perfect to enjoy good time with friends and family, further else if you are trying to rest in a calm and peaceful place. There are some mini markets, drugstores and restaurants in a close Village. I really don't want to recommend (to keep the house easy for booking and unknown, LOL), but I have to do so, cause it was an amazing stay!Rafael2013-02-14T00:00:00Z
O local é maravilhoso e bastante reservado. O casal de caseiro são super simpáticos e ajudaram sempre que solicitado. Recomendo e pretendo voltar.Antônio2014-10-14T00:00:00Z
A casa é sensacional, paradisíaco, com uma vista incrível! O local foi feito para relaxar, com privacidade e calmaria. Os caseiros são super solícitos. Recomendo 250%!!!Filipe2017-02-28T00:00:00Z
This is the second time my wife and friends spend some time at the Beach House of dreams! Wonderfull place, nature and hosts!Felipe2014-04-22T00:00:00Z
The place is fantastic and worth it but a lot to do to improve communication. There was no Brazilian phone number available to help to find the place, which made us lose around two hours to find it. And when arrived the keeper of the land wasn't expecting us. No basics in the kitchen, so we had to buy like everything. We left some and I hope others will be allowed to enjoy it. And wifi not working. Hope it will get better better because the place is worth it.Eric2014-06-02T00:00:00Z
The stay was perfect in every way. Anthony is very attentive to explain all the questions that may arise before the stay. In the property, the caretakers/'caseiros' are very receptive and friendly people. The house is beautiful, exactly - and even more beautiful, I would say - like the photos. Fully equipped with everything you could need. The parking is very convenient too. I strongly recommend to everyone who want to relax, surrounded by a beautiful architecture and cinematic view. :-)Daniel2013-11-18T00:00:00Z
É um lugar mágico, idêntico as imagens. Separe um tempo e corra para lá. Você irá adorar. A casa tem uma vista panorâmica indescritível. O som do mar vai embalar seus sonhos, e independente do clima o lugar é incrível. Totalmente equipada, e bem próxima ao centrinho da praia da Armação. Alugue um standup e divirta-se vendo sua "casa" de dentro do mar.Augusto2014-12-24T00:00:00Z
Governador Celso Ramos, サンタカタリーナ, ブラジル


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Thursday 1-31-13 Challenge -- Storm Day
Uploaded by lorac, Feb 15 2013 04:23 PM
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- Uploaded: Feb 15 2013 04:23 PM
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These photos were taken from my bedroom window after the last snow storm that we had here in New York. The snow looked so beautiful while it was falling. It was all silvery shiny snow.
Supplies Used:
ASO Winter White -- Paper-Flakey
SNU Winters Hush Collection -- Butterfly
JRA SSEmb Photo Masks - Ice Crystals
Great photos, Carol - makes me shiver! =) I like your blending & the way you laid out the photos on the page.
Stay warm!!
Stay warm!!
Yes, it really was a pretty snowfall and your photos really show that Carol. I really like how you arranged them and how you blended that larger pretty tree one. Your background is so pretty and I like how you beveled the smaller pics.
Your photos are beautiful, Carol, and so is your layout. Really nice composition, colors, and your blending looks great.
I really like the blended photo! Such a lovely simple and beautiful page.
Great blending. Love the touch of the butterfly
That is a neat background and such interesting photos of the snowy scenes.
Carol, I love your pictures of the snowy scene! Personally, I love the snow blanketing the barren winter landscape. After living in Florida for over 20 years, I'm still enjoying each and every snow we get. Love the BG blending you used and your butterfly!
I heard you guys had a LOT of snow recently... awful as it is for you it still looks so pretty! Wonderful photos, I especially like the larger masked one. Great arrangement and focus.
Good layout depicting a snowy day. Love the blended photos
Yes, the snow is beautiful... until you have to shovel! /> Nice page for recording the storm.
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Grass In the Hall Concert
Date & Time
Friday, March 1, 2013 (All day)
Charleston Music Hall
Event Details
Awendaw Green invites you to kick off the 2013 music festival season early. Join Town Mountain, Cumberland River, and Barefoot Movement in the first show of the Charleston Music Hall Bluegrass Series, a preview of the Sweet Grass Music and Charleston Bluegrass festivals coming to the Lowcountry this summer. With featured music on the hit FX show, Justified, Cumberland River is a rising star in the bluegrass genre. Charleston Music Hall, 37 John St. Friday, 6:30pm doors; 7:30pm show. $12; $10 advance. (843)452-1642, www.charlestonmusichall.com


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At Target I picked up Green Lantern: Emerald Knights for 4.75. Been wantin to see this for a while. Heard it's even better than GL: First Flight and I enjoyed that one pretty well. Alllllmost bought Captain America dvd for $9, but passed at the last minute since it was the end of the night & had already spent enough. Hopefully the bluray goes on a good sale soon.
Now the best for last - at a wally in the valley I nabbed a 'Discover the Force' Aurra Sing! I actually saw her at a different store, but stashed her & a couple other for another collector *cough darkknight cough* who was lookin for them. I wanted one too & looks like my kindness paid off, by seeing her again. Also found a CW Hevy who rang up at $1. Yes, a buck. Glad I didn't buy him before & couldn't pass this time.
I'm afraid to open that TF: Prime WJ - looks so nice on card!! Also have a lot of SW and other TF to open from last year. Can't keep up!


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Jailbreak iOS 6 Tethered On iPhone 4 & iPod touch 4G, Untethered On 3GS
iOS 6 was released a year after iOS 5, almost to the day. The untethered jailbreak for the previous major update came out around Christmas last year, but the progress for iOS 6 has been a bit slower. We will be lucky even to have a tethered jailbreak for all iDevices before December (specially the newer ones with A5, A5x and A6 processors). However, this does not mean that the jailbreak community has been completely idle so far, as tethered jailbreaks for A4 and older devices have already been released, albeit with restrictions and compatibility issues. Until now, if you jailbroke your iOS 6-donning A4 device, you had to install the Cydia app manually (as outlined in our detailed guide on how to jailbreak and install Cydia on iOS 6 Beta). Fortunately, things have finally started to move forward with the release of redsn0w 0.9.15b1. The latest update of the tool now installs Cydia itself with tethered jailbreak for A4 and older devices, and offers an untethered jailbreak for iPhone 3GS with the old bootrom. A step-by-step guide and more on supported devices past the break.Read More


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Updated on 15 March 2013
The US FDA has set August 26, 2013, as the date for action on QRxPharma's resubmitted Moxduo NDA
Singapore: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set August 26, 2013, as the date for action on QRxPharma's resubmitted Moxduo new drug application (NDA) under Prescription Drug User Fee Act.
"We are pleased that the FDA has formally accepted our resubmitted Moxduo NDA," said Dr John Holaday, managing director and chief executive officer, QRxPharma. "We expect the advisory committee meeting to be scheduled between late June and late July and will update shareholders once formal notification has been received," added Dr Holaday. QRxPharma is an Australian company.
The NDA is the basis for recommencing the regulatory approval process for Moxduo for the treatment of moderate to severe acute pain, a $2.5 billion segment of the $8 billion spent annually on prescription opioids in the US. Moxduo, an immediate release dual opioid pain therapy, is a patented 3:2 fixed ratio combination of morphine and oxycodone.
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LiverKick Podcast - Vol. 3
- Written by Dave Walsh
After a bit of a break for the holidays and other assorted nonsense the LiverKick Podcast makes it's [mildly] glorious return. As always, Rian Scalia (@rianscalia) joins myself (@LiverKickdotcom / @LocustStar) as we discuss the latest happenings in the world of Kickboxing. We take a look at some of the huge announcements from Golden Glory, including a card announcement for March 23rd as well as them announcing three huge tournaments and the whole saga of them and the K-1 name. Then we move on to look at the Yokkao Extreme card that went down yesterday before bringing it all back to It's Showtime which goes down next week.
Fight the good fight and listen to the LiverKick Podcast. Intro and outtro music provided by Night Terrain (@nightterrain).


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Hexavalent Chromium Case Study
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a natural metal used in a wide variety of industrial activities, including the manufacture of stainless steel, welding, painting and pigment application, electroplating, and other surface coating processes. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), there are over 558,000 workers exposed to Cr(VI).
Exposure to Cr(VI) has been associated with increased lung cancer risk for more than 50 years. OSHA was petitioned in 1993 and sued in 1997 and 2002 to lower the workplace Cr(VI) exposure limit, resulting in a court order to issue a final standard by February 2006. Faced with the threat of stronger regulation, the chromium industry initiated an effort to challenge the scientific evidence supporting a more protective standard. This effort included the use of "product defense" consultants to conduct post hoc analyses of a publicly funded study to challenge results viewed unfavorable by the industry.
The industry also commissioned a study of the mortality experience of workers at four low-exposure chromium plants, but did not make the results available to OSHA in a timely manner, despite multiple agency requests for precisely these sorts of data. The commissioned study found a statistically significant elevation in lung cancer risk among Cr(VI)-exposed workers at levels far below the 52 µg/m³ standard. This finding changed when the multi-plant cohort was divided into two statistically underpowered components and then published separately. The findings of the first paper published have been used by the chromium industry to attempt to slow OSHA's standard-setting process. The second paper was withheld from OSHA until it was accepted for publication in a scientific journal, after the rulemaking record had closed.
Studies funded by private sponsors that seek to influence public regulatory proceedings should be subject to the same access and reporting provisions as those applied to publicly funded science. Parties in regulatory proceedings should be required to disclose whether the studies were performed by researchers who had the right to present their findings without the sponsor's consent or influence, and to certify that all relevant data have been submitted to the public record, whether published or not.
The American National Standards Institute in 1943 recommended an exposure standard of 52 micrograms of Cr(VI) per cubic meter of air (52 µg/m³) as a level adequate to prevent nasal perforations in chromium-exposed workers. This limit was adopted by the newly created OSHA in 1971 as the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL), without any formal review.
In 1993, Public Citizen and the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers International Union (OCAW) (now part of the United Steelworkers) petitioned OSHA to reduce its PEL from 52 µg/m³ to 0.25 µg/m³, measured as an 8-hour time-weighted average. Although the OSHA administrator acknowledged in 1994 that "there is clear evidence that exposure… at the current PEL… can result in an excess of lung cancer," OSHA failed to act. Two lawsuits ensued, challenging OSHA's "unreasonably delay" in promulgating a stronger standard. Although the chromium industry, through its trade association the Chrome Coalition, had intervened in the lawsuits on OSHA's behalf opposing a change in the PEL, on April 2, 2003, the US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit ordered the agency to issue a final rule reducing occupational exposure to Cr(VI) by January 18, 2006, later extended to February 28, 2006. In the words of Judge Edward Becker, OSHA's decade-long delay in issuing a Cr(VI) standard "exceeded the bounds of reasonableness."
On October 4, 2004, OSHA published a proposed PEL of 1 µg/m³ of Cr(VI) per cubic meter of air. The final rule was issued on February 28, 2006. The new standard is significantly weaker than the standard OSHA proposed in October of 2004; once the standard goes into effect (beginning in November 2006 for businesses with 20 or more employees; engineering controls need not be implemented until May 2010), the new PEL will be 5 µg/m³ rather than the level of 1 µg/m³ in the proposed rule. The PEL in the aerospace industry will be 25 µg/m³. According to OSHA's own estimates, exposure at 5 µg/m³ will result in 10 to 45 lung cancer deaths per 1,000 workers over a lifetime of exposure. In the final rule, OSHA justifies the weaker standard by arguing that a PEL of 5 µg/m³ reduces the significant risk posed to workers by occupational exposure to Cr(VI) "to the maximum extent that is technologically and economically feasible."
Industry Strategy to Forestall OSHA Rulemaking
Long before the 2003 court ruling, the chromium industry had initiated an effort to challenge the scientific evidence supporting any stronger OSHA standard, engaging the services of ChemRisk and Exponent, Inc., two consulting firms that specialize in "litigation support" and "product defense." One industry document noted that "this route [hiring the consultants] is expensive and success is not guaranteed, [but] the longer we wait the more difficult the task becomes."
In a meeting with chromium industry representatives in 1996, ChemRisk scientists outlined a strategy that included obtaining and analyzing the raw data from a not-yet-published study of Cr(VI) exposure funded by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in order "to forestall the [OSHA] rulemaking." Simultaneously, the industry commissioned new publications that questioned the health effects of low levels of exposure to Cr(VI) (see here, here, and here), a central issue in any OSHA regulatory initiative. The industry paid for services provided by ChemRisk and Exponent, Inc. through its trade association's attorneys. This arrangement was selected to "...preserve the confidentiality of information, opinion, and data to the extent provided for under the attorney-client privilege and attorney work product privilege", ensuring that material developed through the process could be sequestered from public view. [See agreement between Collier, Shannon, Rill & Scott, PLLC, ChemRisk and the Industrial Health Foundation.]
The industry also contracted with a third consulting firm, ENVIRON, to study workers who had only been employed in facilities that were either designed with or converted to production processes that resulted in lower levels of Cr(VI) exposure. ENVIRON was hired through a contract with the Industrial Health Foundation (IHF). (In 2004, ENVIRON purchased Applied Epidemiology, Inc., which had signed the original contract with the industry. In this case study we use the name ENVIRON for both that company and its predecessor.)
The study protocol entailed combining workers from four plants using newer, lower-exposure processes – two in the U.S. (Castle Hayne, NC, and Corpus Christi, TX) and two in Germany – into a single cohort. ENVIRON's proposal noted that "the relatively small study sizes and short follow-up periods resulted in a limited ability of [previous] studies to clarify the relationship between modern [low-level] occupational chromate exposures and cancer in general, and respiratory cancers in particular." According to the draft proposal, creating a single cohort with workers from multiple plants was crucial "to improve statistical power and the inferential value of the results."
In August 2000, the EPA study was published. It is the largest, most comprehensive study ever conducted on the effects of workplace Cr(VI) exposure. Using OSHA's standard assumption of a 45-year working lifetime, the study reported a significantly elevated lung cancer risk of 1.57 among workers whose mean exposure was at levels just above the PEL requested in the Public Citizen-OCAW petition.
No sooner had the EPA study been published than the industry-sponsored critiques began. Scientists with the product defense firm Exponent, Inc. created and analyzed the mortality experience of a "simulated cohort" derived by computer from the EPA study's summary data, standard deviations and ranges. In another report, the consultants obtained the raw data from the EPA study through a Freedom of Information Act request and re-analyzed them. Each of these reports challenged the validity of the EPA study's conclusions and was either entered into the record in litigation or submitted to OSHA by the chromium industry, although not published in the peer-reviewed literature. After extensive analysis, most of the issues raised in these critiques were rejected by OSHA.
OSHA Publishes its Proposed Rule
On October 4, 2004, OSHA published its court-mandated proposed rule for Cr(VI), including a PEL of 1 µg/m³. The agency issued a general request for additional scientific evidence, along with a specific appeal for epidemiological data about the aforementioned cohort in Castle Hayne, where exposure levels were more representative of the concentrations of airborne Cr(VI) found in workplaces today. A mortality study of this group had been published in 1994 and OSHA asked directly, "Are there updated analyses available for [this cohort]?" In addition, in the proposed rule OSHA asked, "Are there other cohorts available to look at low exposures?"
Following a three-month comment period, OSHA held 11 days of public hearings [Docket H054A, Exhibit 45-1 thru 45-11], at which OSHA reiterated its request for more data and industry repeatedly criticized OSHA for relying on data from high-exposure cohorts [see comments from Deborah Proctor, on behalf of the Aerospace Industries Association (Exhibit 45-9, pages 1829-1833 and 1850-1851), Jack Shilling, Chairman, Specialty Steel Industry of North America (Exhibit 45-4, pages 498-499), Joan Fessler, Carpenter Technology Corporation (Exhibit 45-4, pages 659-660), Charles Kelly, Edison Electric Institute (Exhibit 45-3, pages 423-433), Peter Marr, Dominion Colour Corporation (Exhibit 45-9, pages 1745-1751), and Frank White, Organization Resource Counselors Inc (Exhibit 45-6, pages 1060-1065)]. In reviewing the hearing transcript, we found no mention by industry representatives or anyone else of any imminent new epidemiological evidence. The public was given until April 20, 2005, to submit additional data and post-hearing comments.
Selected Science
Just weeks before the close of the comment period, a study reporting on the mortality experience of workers employed at the Castle Hayne and Corpus Christi facilities appeared in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (JOEM). The article had been submitted to JOEM in July 2004 and was accepted for publication that October [1], the same month OSHA proposed its rule and specifically asked for information about the Castle Hayne or other cohorts. The analysis has little statistical power and suffers from short follow-up. Even though they collected data on Cr(VI) exposure, none is presented in the paper and the small sample size precludes logistic regression. Nonetheless, the authors offer the "preliminary conclusion" that "the absence of an elevated lung cancer risk at this time may be a favorable reflection of the post-change [i.e., lower exposure] environment."
Three trade associations made reference to the study in their post-hearing comments. For example, the Specialty Steel Industry of North America stated it had "recently" learned of the study:
[W]hile we have not had any opportunity to examine this study...[it] contains potentially incredibly significant data which would allow the development of a dose response relationship based on actual, experienced exposures, as opposed to the modeled exposures upon which OSHA currently relies to set the PEL. Indisputably, this would be much more relevant and appropriate data upon which to establish a risk-based regulatory limit [Post-hearing brief submitted on behalf of Specialty Steel Industry of North America, submitted by Collier Shannon Scott, PLLC, April 20, 2005. Exhibit 47-27-1].
The Specialty Steel Industry warned that OSHA's failure to consider these results would be "arbitrary and capricious," a legal term, signaling that failure to address these "new" findings would be grounds for a legal challenge. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. (SPI) remarked on the "potentially great significance" [Susan Howe, SPI: Letter to OSHA Docket Office; April 20, 2005. Exhibit 47-24-113] of the new ENVIRON study.
Moreover, the comments by these trade associations confirm that they were privy to unpublished details of the ENVIRON analysis regarding a German study, and that the details were discussed among the trade associations. For example, in their submission to OSHA, the Surface Finishing Industry Council wrote:
Recent risk studies on chromate production workers demonstrate further uncertainties associated with the risk assessment science on the relationship between exposure to hexavalent chromium and lung cancer. For example, a study just published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine found that at low exposure levels, workers at two chromate production facilities showed no excess lung cancers. Similarly, a German study of chromate production workers that has not yet been published apparently indicates that no excess lung cancers are expected at lower exposure levels. This study relies on very frequent biological monitoring of workers in conjunction with workplace exposure levels. [Post-Hearing Comments submitted on behalf of the Surface Finishing Industry council, submitted by The Policy Group, April 20, 2005. Exhibit 47-35-1]
The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. (SPI) noted that:
[I]n the German plants, excess lung cancer mortality was demonstrated only in the highest exposure group, using chromium exposure estimates based on urinary chromium results. It is possible that the data obtained from the German facilities demonstrates (sic) that no increase in risk at any but the highest exposure levels to CrVI [Letter to OSHA Docket Office].
Intrigued by these developments, we conducted an Internet search, using the terms "Industrial Health Foundation" and "Chrome Coalition." To our surprise, we located a notice for a hearing related to the bankruptcy of IHF. In this proceeding, two chromium industry trade associations asserted that files in the possession of IHF actually belonged to the industry, because the IHF was, according to the petitioner, simply a "third-party administrator of the trade association." [See affidavit.] Using the Public Access to Court Electronic Records system, we obtained documents filed with the court, some of which have been quoted in this case study. These materials also led us to parties in the bankruptcy proceedings who provided additional documents, including ENVIRON's study protocol and the final report of the combined study of the U.S. and German plants.
That report, submitted by ENVIRON to IHF in September 2002 but never by the industry to OSHA and never published in its entirety, provides strong support for the inadequacy of the 52 µg/m³ standard, and raises questions about whether even the PEL proposed in 2004, 1 µg/m³, would be adequately protective. The investigators developed a series of job exposure matrices and utilized air monitoring data from the U.S. plants and urine monitoring from the German plants to estimate the exposure history of each worker. The ENVIRON authors found a significantly elevated risk of lung cancer mortality associated with exposure to Cr(VI) in these newer low-exposure facilities (SMR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.08–2.46, using a combination of German national rates and U.S. state rates for comparison; SMR = 1.37, 95% CI = 0.89–2.03, using German and U.S. state rates).
Logistic regression analyses of the four-plant cohort found increased risk associated with increased cumulative (or lifetime) exposure to Cr(VI). In one analysis, the lung cancer mortality odds ratio among workers with highest annual exposure (≥ 5.8 ug/m3) was 20.2 (95% CI = 6.2–65.4), compared to the lowest exposure group (< 1.2 µg/m³) [ENVIRON report]. For the intermediate exposure group (1.2 µg/m³ – < 5.8 µg/m³), the odds ratio was 4.9 (95% CI = 1.5–16.0), also in comparison to the lowest exposure group [ENVIRON report]. Thus, the intermediate group includes exposure at levels only slightly higher than the 1 µg/m³ PEL proposed by OSHA in 2004, and showed elevated lung cancer risk at that level.
The final unpublished four-plant report reiterated the strength of the study design: "This study benefited from the multi-site design that provided a reasonably large cohort of post-change [lower exposure] chromium chemical workers, along with the corresponding increase in statistical power generally lacking in previous studies of post-change cohorts."
The published JOEM article, however, reports the mortality experience only of workers at the two U.S. plants studied by the ENVIRON researchers. After submitting the results to their sponsors in 2002, the authors evidently separated the German and U.S. results, despite their repeated emphasis in the protocol on the strength of the combined cohort. Instead of a positive result based on four plants, a negative two-plant study was published. In a response to a letter in the JOEM, the authors stated that the German component of the study had not been published because it was rejected by a journal to which it had been submitted, and defended the exclusion of the German data on the ground that different exposure measurements (air vs. urine) were used. This claim is not consistent with the need for large sample size to increase statistical power, as stated in the protocol and the final report (in which authors were comfortable combining air and urinary exposure measurements). In June 2005, we provided the study protocol and final report of the four-plant study to OSHA.
On October 17, 2005, the ENVIRON researchers submitted the German component of the study to OSHA, accompanied by a letter stating that the paper had been accepted for publication in JOEM. In this manuscript, the ENVIRON researchers report that "lung cancer risk was elevated only in the highest exposure group (SMR = 2.09 95% CI = 1.08–3.65)".
The authors conducted another logistic regression analysis, but in this new version the estimate of relative risk for workers with high exposure is derived by comparing them to workers in the low and intermediate exposure groups combined. The result of this change is the disappearance of the statistically significant increase in lung cancer mortality risk among the intermediate group that was found in the unpublished final report. Tables 1 and 2 (see below), adapted from the unpublished final report (submitted by Applied Epidemiology, Inc. to the Industrial Health Foundation, September 27, 2002) and the pre-publication manuscript of the German component of the study submitted by the authors to OSHA, respectively, compare the results of the two regression analyses. In addition, while the elevation of the lung cancer SMR in the unpublished final report of the four-plant study was statistically significant, when the cohort was divided into two components, the lung cancer SMR was not statistically significant in either the German or U.S. components.
Table 1. Elevated lung cancer mortality risk in intermediate and high exposure groups in original unpublished study (adapted from Table 17 in final report)
Mean exposure to Cr(VI)*
Odds Ratio
|Low (< 1.2 µg/m³)
|Intermediate (1.2- <5.8 µg/m³)
|High (> 5.8 µg/m³)
* Mean Exposure to Cr(VI) derived by dividing cumulative urinary chromium exposure
by 0.77 (conversion factor for air concentration), and then dividing by 45 years
(OSHA's working life assumption)
Table 2. Lung cancer mortality in intermediate group disappears after German component of study published separately, and low and intermediate exposure groups are combined (adapted from Birk et al. 2006)
Mean exposure to Cr(VI)*
Odds Ratio
|Low and Intermediate (<5.8 µg/m³)
|High (> 5.8 µg/m³)
* Mean Exposure to Cr(VI) derived by dividing cumulative urinary chromium exposure
by 0.77 (conversion factor for air concentration), and then dividing by 45 years
(OSHA's working life assumption)
Current Status
On February 28, 2006 OSHA issued a final rule addressing occupational exposure to Cr(VI). The new standard is significantly weaker than the standard OSHA proposed in October of 2004; once the standard goes into effect (beginning in November 2006 for businesses with 20 or more employees; engineering controls need not be implemented until May 2010), the new PEL will be 5 µg/m³ rather than the level of 1 µg/m³ in the proposed rule. (But the PEL for certain painting operations in the aerospace industry will be 25 µg/m³.) According to OSHA's own estimates, exposure at 5 µg/m³ will result in 10 to 45 lung cancer deaths per 1,000 workers over a lifetime of exposure. In the final rule, OSHA justifies the weaker standard by arguing that a PEL of 5 µg/m³ reduces the significant risk posed to workers by occupational exposure to Cr(VI) "to the maximum extent that is technologically and economically feasible." Many have criticized the new rule for a variety of other reasons, including: it eliminates training requirements and limits some employee notification of exposure monitoring results. Public Citizen has again sued OSHA over the standard.
On November 21, 2008 a three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (including retired U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor) heard oral arguments in two legal challenges to OSHA's rule. One petition for review came from the Edison Electric Institute. They argued that OSHA did provide substantial evidence of risk of harm for workers employed in the electric power generation industry and therefore the health standard should not apply in their industry. The second petition for review came from Public Citizen Health Research Group and the United Steelworkers Union who argued that the health standard OSHA issued failed to adequately reduce workers' risk of lung cancer and that a lower permissible exposure limit is economically and technologically feasible for the affected industries. [52-page transcript of the oral arguments.]
On February 23, 2009 the U.S. Court of Appeals issued its decision, denying all of the petitioners' objections, except for Public Citizen's claim on the inadequacy of the notification requirement for exposed workers.
Faced with the threat of stronger OSHA regulation of workplace exposure of Cr(VI), a powerful carcinogen, the chromium industry initiated an effort to challenge the scientific evidence that the agency would likely use to justify a new standard. While criticizing OSHA for relying upon data from high-exposure cohorts, the chromium industry also commissioned a study of the mortality experience of workers at four plants with lower exposures, the results of which confirmed the elevated lung cancer risk in such workers. The consultants presented a final report to their chromium industry sponsors in 2002, but industry never provided OSHA a copy of the full four-plant study. Even when the agency specifically asked for precisely these sorts of data during its 2004–2005 rulemaking proceedings, the chromium industry and the authors remained silent.
For publication, industry-funded scientists divided this study into two components and published them separately. The first paper to be published was a statistically underpowered, negative study, the findings of which are being used by industry to attempt to reduce its regulatory burden. The second paper combined two exposure strata from the final report, resulting in the disappearance of the lower exposure stratum of particular regulatory interest in which a statistically significant finding was apparent in the unpublished final report. This allowed the industry trade associations to make the misleading assertion that elevated lung cancer mortality risk was only seen among workers with the highest exposure histories.
OSHA's statute instructs its decision makers to use the "best available evidence" [see Section 6(b)5 of P.L. 91-596] in the rulemaking process. The circumstances regarding these studies raise troubling questions about the ability of government to effectively issue rules protecting public health when studies are conducted, controlled and selectively published or provided to the rulemaking agency by the regulated industry [see Michaels 2005; Michaels and Monforton 2005]. The entry of the German study into the OSHA record only after it was accepted for publication, months after the regulatory docket closed and years after data collection was complete, raises an important question for public health research: when regulatory proceedings are underway, should potentially important data be sequestered until the peer review process is complete? Many U.S. regulatory agencies, including the EPA and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rely heavily on unpublished studies, submitted by study sponsors, in reaching regulatory decisions. In this case, sponsors withheld data that OSHA requested during an active rulemaking process.
Public health is not well served by the unequal treatment of public and private science [Wagner and Michaels 2003]. Raw data from private studies should be as accessible to the public and regulators as that from publicly funded studies. Parties submitting scientific analyses and reports to the record should be required to disclose the true sponsorship of the study, including the original source of the sponsor's funding. Parties involved in the rulemaking process should also be required to certify that they have submitted all relevant data to the public record, whether or not those data have undergone peer review. Medical journals are increasingly willing to publish findings even if they have already been made available in another form. Regardless, public health rulemakings should not be based on partial records or limited by scientists' career concerns, particularly when lives hang in the balance.
About the Case Study
This case study was largely based upon a February 2006 paper published in Environmental Health, "Selected science: an industry campaign to undermine an OSHA hexavalent chromium standard," written by David Michaels, Celeste Monforton, and Peter Lurie. They also submitted a Letter to the Editor of JOEM in response to the Birk et al paper published in 2006 in JOEM.
Reference (not linked in text)
[1] Spraycar M: Managing Editor, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine: Email to David Michaels, May 16, 2005.
Additional Links and Resources
ATSDR, 2000. Toxicological Profile for Chromium.
CDC, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Safety and Health Topic: Hexavalent Chromium.
Environmental Working Group report involving Cr(VI) in drinking water.
IARC, 1990, Chromium, Nickel and Welding, Volume 49, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California EPA, 1998. Public Health Goal for Chromium in Drinking Water.
Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition; US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program. Chromium Hexavalent Compounds.
US EPA, 1998. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Health Assessment for Chromium (VI).
US EPA, 1998. Toxicological Review of Hexavalent Chromium.
Update: November 2014: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a ruling and assessed a $2.57 million penalty against Elementis Chromium for violating Section 8(e) of TSCA.