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I remember growing up as a swim team kid in the '60s and '70s. Life seemed a little more simple back then. During public swim time, I'd turn my basket in with my clothes, grab a numbered pin and then was made to shower before entering the pool. Some pools I visited had foot baths, which would take care of any fungi that I might have dragged into the pool.
By 1977, a lot had changed. That's when the Lee and Joe Jamail Texas Swimming Center was built on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin. In the decades since then, even more has changed. And our once state-of-the-art facility fell victim to an issue affecting so many other indoor facilities today: air quality.
Changes in the type of chlorine, lack of showering practices, huge increases in bather loads, makeup water with chloramines, and the green movement of reusing and recycling the same air are only some of the reasons for this growing problem.
So, at the University of Texas, we embarked on a $15 million air-handling renovation that took an approach just as multifaceted as the problem itself — one that incorporated new technologies and old ideas.
The first thing we did was look at attacking the source of the problem. Perhaps bringing some of the old concepts of showering before swimming and signage about urinating in the pools need to be brought back. Encouraging your swim coaches to have bathroom breaks should be instituted. I believe some of those old ideas can be resurrected. For instance, we are bringing back showering and closing the pool for bathroom breaks for regular swim times.
But some of these old methods are impractical. The swimming community has really grown, and swim meets are huge. I've hosted events with more than 2,000 athletes covering a span of three or four days! Convincing all those athletes to go through the showers before warm-ups will never work. Add the fact that their coaches would need to make sure after they've been running around outside between each event that they shower before their next races. It won't happen. Without new ways of dealing with it, the problem of chloramine will arise during large events.
The second thing we did was study how to deal with chloramines when the occasion arises (for example, huge events). First we did a complete 3-D model of our building. Then we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computer modeling to show what our air was actually doing. We discovered that the center of the pool wasn't getting any airflow — and that's exactly where chloramines were gathering.
We looked at sucking the contaminated air out of the building through the gutters by installing huge air outtakes in the side of the building and installing vents around the deck. Our CFD modeling showed that in our case, it would not work. We couldn't build a large enough turbine to suck the air across a 50-meter pool.
We ended up incorporating some of the latest technologies that proved to work in our CFD modeling — and on a practical basis. Here they are in the order of what I think is most important.
1. We installed medium-pressure UV. Our combined chlorine levels instantly went from a constant .4 ppm to .1 or less. That was immediately noticed by all users. But it did not completely cure the problem. As you know, UV does not carry a residual and only is effective as the water passes through the light.
2. We installed new, custom-built air handlers. These units were designed with the capacity to bring in 100 percent outside air. I believe this is one of the most important things we did to improve air quality. These units were designed to be completely run by a computerized program that could purge all existing air in the building in less than an hour.
This was by far the most expensive part of our renovations — $9 million to be exact. Not everyone can afford new systems, but I would encourage all to go back and make sure their outside air dampers can be opened up on a regular basis. Our previous system had plywood covering the outside air dampers because the conditioning of the outside air was not energy-minded. You can't afford to not open the dampers.
3. We installed an air distribution system and large fans with air intakes strategically placed according to what our CFD models showed us would work.
4. We installed a carbon water filter on our automatic fill lines. During large meets we lose a lot of water. Our makeup water has high levels of chloramines. Combine a huge bather load and makeup water with chloramines, and you can see where I'm going. This is a relatively inexpensive and easy fix if you have the same problem.
5. We incorporated carbon gas-phase technology. This involved installing carbon filter pellets on our air handlers as pre-filters. This technology is used in hospitals. Our testing is inconclusive at this point, but this was a relatively minor cost to the overall project, so we decided to try it out.
In the past, I experimented with chloramine removing water filter media, with poor results. Some of the new technologies available include using moss as a means of removing chloramines. I'm interested in looking at these new technologies and am open to them. But even with the new technologies available today, some of the best technologies and practices are the ones from our past.


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Web Stories
Communiversity set for April 26
Posted April 18, 2003; 05:42 p.m.
Town and borough residents, students, merchants, nonprofit organizations, musicians, performing and visual artists and food vendors will turn Nassau Street and the University campus into a colorful fairground from noon to 4 p.m. Saturday, April 26, for the annual Communiversity celebration.
The event, sponsored by students at the University and the Arts Council of Princeton, is intended to bring the campus and community together on both sides of Nassau Street, which will be closed to vehicle traffic.
Traditional favorites, including performances on four stages, children's activities on Alexander Beach and more than 50 student booths in front of Nassau Hall, will join new additions such as sports games and demonstrations on Cannon Green.
Before the main event gets under way, there will be a morning architectural tour of campus leaving from the Frist Campus Center. Call Pam Hersh at (609) 258-3018 to register.
The Princeton Environmental Network is sponsoring 5k and 10k races for the Princeton Save the Tiger Campaign. Registration begins at 9:30 a.m. at Forbes College, and all of the proceeds from the $15 entrance fee go to the Save the Tiger Campaign. At Weaver Track, the athletics department will sponsor a Spring Sports Festival, where varsity athletes will give a multisport clinic from 10 a.m. to noon.
Princeton borough and township mayors will speak at the opening ceremony at noon, along with President Tilghman. The University's International Center will continue its tradition of Communiversity participation with a flag procession beginning at 2:25 p.m. at the Nassau Street stage and ending on campus.
For more information, contact student chair Lauren Nichols at (609) 986-7540.
Contact: Tom Bartus (609) 258-3601

subset: commoncrawl


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Nocs NS400-001 NS400 Earphones with Remote and Mic (Titanium - Black)
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NOCS NS600-011 Earphones with Remote and Mic, Silver
The NS600 Crush was designed with one objective in mind: to rise head and shoulders above the competition. The Crush's unique Dual Dynamic technology features two drivers per earphone, creating a tweeter + woofer set-up that delivers a superior full-range sound complete with impressive highs, compelling mids and an exceptionally full and rich bass. If you're serious about your...
NOCS NS800-001 In-Ear Earphones with Remote and Mic Stainless Black
The NS800 is one of the most compact and exclusive in-ear headphones in the world. A high-fidelity headset with the most revealing sound in an incredibly small stainless steel housing. The Micro-Armature speaker is designed to deliver a well-balanced and superior sound quality. The NS800 provides precise and detailed acoustics throughout the entire sonic spectrum, backed by a natural bass,...
Skull Earbuds
These fabulous "Skull" ear buds are sure to get noticed. A fun way to accessorize your MP3 player, PDA or laptop. your ears Works with devices such as: Portable gaming systems, MP3 players, PDAs and Laptop computers Compatible with a standard 3.5 mm headphone socket Includes two sets of soft silicone tips. Hip, cute and practical..what more could you want ?


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Get the Wolves newsletter
11:32 4th September 2013
Keeper the spot kick hero
Penalty hero Aaron McCarey admits it was the perfect end to his Wolves debut to save two spot kicks in front of the delighted South Bank.
The Republic of Ireland Under-21 international made his first senior start against Walsall, where he enjoyed a successful loan spell last season, and saved the first two penalties as Wolves ran out 4-2 winners.
"It's nice to win – especially as it was a derby – and on a personal note, it was great to make my debut for Wolves and cap it off with two penalty saves," says McCarey.
"There was a bit of luck involved – you just have to go with your heart and hope you save it but it was very good to get through and I'm very happy.
"I always thought when I made my debut it would be saving a penalty with a few minutes to go, so to actually do it was surreal, and in front of the South Bank as well just topped it off," says McCarey.
"We've got great fans here and they've been superb all season.
"It was a very tight game – Walsall are a good team and Dean Smith has a great bunch of players; I know a lot about them and they play good football.
"They're going to be up there come the end of the season and it gives us the edge going into the league games.
"But we're just going out to win every game at the minute and see where it takes us.
"We were disappointed with the goals we conceded but teams will come all season with nothing to lose and that's not being disrespectful to Walsall at all.
"Teams will know they're coming to a big stadium with a big pitch playing against a big club and they will feel like they have nothing to lose.
"It's going to be like that every game this season but if we can keep getting early goals, hopefully we'll keep going and find the second one.
"We haven't always taken our chances when we've been on top and we've allowed sides back into the games but it's still a good start to the season."
McCarey doesn't think his spell at the Banks's Stadium last season gave him any advantage going into last night's shootout, but he is certainly appreciative of the opportunity, with the loan spell only coming to an end when he was called back to Molineux following Carl Ikeme's injury.
And while keen for more first team football, he acknowledges the need to be patient, particularly given the quality of his goalkeeping rivals.
"I don't think being at Walsall last season helped me with the penalties but I'm just grateful for Walsall for giving me the opportunity to play first-team football," he added.
"I've come back here and the new manager has given me a chance.
"He's put a bit of faith in me by letting Wayne Hennessey go out on loan so I'm delighted to make my debut – it's been four years and I've worked very hard for it with Pat Mountain the goalkeeping coach and the keepers – Carl Ikeme and Wayne have been great with me and Dorus De Vries and Marcus Hahnemann as well.
"It's very satisfying that the hard work I've put in has finally paid off.
"Now I've got a taste of it I want more but it's going to be tough here because we've got quality keepers.
"So I've got to be patient – I'm still only 21 and you can name the amount of keepers who play first-team football on one hand so hopefully being here at a big club like Wolves, I can push on and carry on enjoying my football."
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GEW is building robust entrepreneurial ecosystems across the United States
We couldn't accomplish this without the help of our national partners who are working hard to open doors for more startups, connecting entrepreneurs to new audiences, and collecting data to build a stronger culture of performance assessment.
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Latte Communications Behind-the-Head Earbud Stereo Headphones w/3.5mm Jack (Black)
Replace your MP3 player headphones with these simple, black Latte Communications Earbud Stereo Headphones. They feature a behind-the-head earbud style design and connect to audio devices through a 3.5 mm jack. That means they'll work with anything from iPod/MP3 players, PDAs, CD players to notebooks and more. A set of foam earpads come included for optional use. Order these Latte...
Snuggbuds Fusion
Our Fusion model provides a "full range" of sound, with excellent highs, mids, and lows in these speakers. Fusion for SmartPhone comes with a full-control mic for iPhone, fabric, tangle-free cord, and 90-degree gold-plated sport jack. Note: this microphone also works with other SmartPhones that accept direct-connect 3.5mm jacks, but click control function may not with all SmartPhones.


text: You are searching through the best designs in Zazzle's invitation section, where you can find a variety of invites and announcements ready to be customized or purchased as is. Most Zazzle announcements and invites ship within 24 hrs of ordering. Choose from five premium paper options and print both sides in full color. Add your own text and images to this horizontal 9.25" x 4" card for free! Each invitation conveniently comes with a white envelope. Browse other related products on the main page.


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Rowdy has finished swimby and we are now working on de-cheating water. The Lardy next step
is water de-cheating singles but my ponds don't lend themselves to this. So we are improvising. I will have to load up and go to Akermans soon. We are not there yet but making progress. Can you tell which line he got in trouble on? On the last retrieve return, Howard is probably thinking why doesn't he handle. Then I did. What a great over!


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Upgrading or replacing your current cell phone with a used phone shouldn't be a hassle. At Cellular Country, we make sure that it isn't. We have a huge selection of cheap refurbished smartphones, iPhones, Blackberries, and hundreds of other phones that are ready to ship today at up to 75 percent off of retail. We know that you're looking for Verizon Unlocked Phone, and we have what you're looking for. There are products in stock that cost from $21.99 all the way up to $144.99, so we have used phones that will fit any budget. All you have to do is search for your next phone by carrier, manufacturer, or condition to find the phone you really want. Every phone includes a working battery, charger, and everything you need to activate your phone including an electronic users manual and an activation guide for your carrier. Cellular Country is the only place on the web where you should get your next replacement cell phone or between contract upgrade. Just browse our enormous selection and pick your next phone. Your next phone will be in your hands before you know it!
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Manufacturer: Arriva Inc Manufacturer: ELOGIC 2 Results
Arriva cordless iPod Shuffle 2G headphones with ipod-type earbuds, regular white
Listen to your iPod 2G Shuffle with this comfortable, lightweight headphone with iPod type earbuds, supported on the back of the head, easy to use controls, no dangling wires, perfect for runners, skiers, workouts. Also very comfortable under helmets. Shuffle player not included in purchase.
elago E7 ARMATURE In-Ear Noise-Reducing Earphones (Compatible iPhone 4, 1G/3GS; Control-Talk with Built In Microphone)
elago E7 ARMATURE In-Ear Earphones, Enjoy the deep bass and high definition sound quality that is pure elago, E7 Control - talk has a built in. feature for use with music phones and newer iPhone. The control talk cable has a call answer button and microphone so you can easily switch between listening to music asn talking on your iPhone.


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Hope Summer Repertory Theatre (HSRT) uses their second space, Snow Auditorium, to perform a powerful new play by Anne Nelson. 'The Guys' focuses on the lives of two individuals, and how they are impacted by the events that took place when the World Trade Centers were attacked on September 11.
HSRT veteran Susan Ericksen ('Suds', 'Fully Committed') returns as Joan, an editor who decides to help a fire captain write eulogies for his fellow firefighters that lost their lives. Mark Goetzinger ('Orphans', 'Footloose') plays Nick, the firefighter that feels the weight of the burden after losing more than 350 men and being close friends with many.
Joan is torn because of her need to be an encouragement to the lone firefighter and the mixed feelings of not being directly involved with any of the events that day. Nick recalls his experiences with each of these men and does not understand why he was not one of them fighting that day.
Plus, HSRT is proud to welcome back former HSRT member, and current NYC firefighter, David Morkal who will lead ?talk back? sessions on June 27, 28, and 30. Additional dates for Morkal are being discussed.
This moving drama will be performed in Snow Auditorium, opening June 27 and running on June 28, 30, July 2, 9, 14, 17, 26, 28, 31, August 2, and 4.
Due to the intensity of the material, this play is not recommended for young children.
Tickets are also available for the musical favorite, ?Guys and Dolls,? the comedy ?The Game of Love and Chance,? the riveting drama, ?The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial,? the timeless musical, ?Once Upon a Mattress,? the cabaret show, ?The World Goes ?Round,? and the Children?s Performance Troupe?s productions of ?Lily?s Purple Plastic Purse? and ?Androcles and the Lion.?
The ticket office is located in the DeWitt Center, on the Hope College campus, at the corner of 12th Street and Columbia Avenue in Holland. Prices range from $8-$25 for musicals, and $8-$18 for plays. Season coupons, ranging from $42-$60 are also available. Ticket office hours are 10 a.m-5 p.m., Monday through Friday, 12 p.m. to 5 p.m. on Saturdays, and one hour before all show times. Tickets may also be purchased by calling 616-395-7890.


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|Worldwide Flyfishing Discussion Talk flyfishing with members around the world!
|Topic Review (Newest First)
Hi Adrian
I have gone down to Jersey and ASWF clave for the last couple of years. It's a good time with clubs from New Jersey, New York and Delaware participating in the weekend. It's great to go to the hospitality suite and listen to Bob Pop do his presentation like he is in your living room. It's a totally different way of fishing down there. Without 4 wheel drive you are pretty limited because the beaches go on for miles in either direction. Jetty fishing is a huge pastime down there with the bravest going out to the end. I will be going down on Thursday to meet up with my friend from Philly. We will hook-up with a group we belong to from Delaware and fish the beach up to the Atlantic City limits. If you are interested. e-mail me and I will give you more info. Hope to see you at IBSP.
Should be a great event.
Anyone from these "latitudes" considering making the trip down?
Atlantic Saltwater Flyrodders Fall Classic !!!...
I received this from the Right Honourable Steve Farrar and thought this might be a good place to announce a great opportunity...
The Atlantic Saltwater Flyrodders will be having it's 4th annual Fall Classic on Saturday, November 18. It's a unique, "low key" activity we've been having in Seaside Park, NJ providing a day of demonstrations, tying, flyfishing videos, and pointers to local hot spots along Island Beach State Park. The purpose is to share information and enjoy the camaraderie of flyfishing club members from the Northeast.
Several ASWF members, including myself and Bob Popovics will be hosting the hospitality suite(room 111 - Island Beach Motor Lodge in Seaside Park, NJ) beginning Friday afternoon Nov 17th. Through Saturday, we'll provide a variety of demonstrations and discussions. It's open to all and the only requirement is "just show up." There is no charge.
You are responsible for you own food, lodging(reasonable rates this time of year at the motor lodge), and safety. For further information, go to
and click on "Atlantic Saltwater Flyrodders Fall Classic" on the front page.
Feel free to email me with any questions.
Steve Farrar
President - Atlantic Saltwater Flyrodders
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Updated on 14 February 2013
There is immense scope for Japanese products in India and vice versa
Singapore: Japanese companies are keen to collaborate with pharmaceutical companies in India. A delegation of pharmaceutical firms from Japan's Toyama prefecture was in New Delhi on June 13 for a meeting with the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) in India. Toyama prefecture is an industrial cluster on Honshu Island of Japan.
Mr Yasuhiko Shioi, president, Kokando leader of the Japanese pharmaceutical delegation to India indicated that Japanese companies were keen to collaborate in trade and technology development.
Addressing the FICCI meeting, he said Indian and Japanese companies could also undertake joint market research and product development for world market as also jointly develop new technologies.
Dr Shoichiro Hamano, president, Hamano International, gave a presentation on 'Pharmaceutical Business in Toyama'. Toyama is recognized as the 'Cluster City of Pharmaceutical Industry' in Japan. "We are looking for long term partnerships with Indian companies. There is immense scope of exporting Japanese products to Indian market and similarly Indian products can be traded in the Japanese market," he said.
There are 89 pharmaceutical manufacturers with approximately 9,000 employees in Japan. Their annual pharmaceutical output is $ 76 billion.
While making a presentation on 'Overview of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry', Mr Daara Patel, secretary general, Indian Drug Manufacturers' Association (IDMA), said pharmaceutical is a knowledge-based industry and India is one of the world's largest and most developed in this sector. He highlighted that India's growing respect and legal or regulatory framework for IPR, favorable economic policies and availability of huge talent pool for sustaining and growing operations are making India an attractive choice for global pharma companies for investment, tie-ups, mergers and acquisitions.
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Recently, several directly-unrelated situations have come up that all fall under the same heading - certain forumites are not respecting other forumites' rights to post or have a differing opinion without feeling harassed: This has got to stop.
We all come to these forums to have fun by expressing our views via the discussion format with others who share our common interest - Star Wars. However, Star Wars is a multifaceted hobby and not everybody should be expected to see eye to eye with each other; sometimes that makes for great discussions of opposing opinions, lately though, far too many forumites (on both sides of various issues) have been disrespecting others' rights to expressing different opinions. This has come in the forms of:
The list goes on, but the problem remains the same, certain users have become intolerant of others' views. SSG is a forum for ALL views - whether they agree with yours or not; whether they are positive or negative - and we do not want to see these forums deteriorate into petty squables fueled by a lack of respect for a difference of opinion. This lack of respect also creates the "golden rule in action" effect, where you do not respect others and then become upset when others show you and your opinions the same disrespect. This creates a cycle - a downward spiral that does nobody any good - and we all need to work together to end this cycle.
- personal attacks
- harassment
- vendetta posting (following a forumite into other discussion threads and continuing the argument)
- thread takeovers (posting over and over about your argument without letting others get their say)
Please, help keep these forums a fun place to hang out by respecting everybody else's opinions - especially those that don't agree with you.


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Seven Signs Your Holiday Tree Has Been Up Too LongHoliday HoursEveryday Green ExpoFun for the Little OnesDiscover the New RiverGo FishFind Your Artistic SideFrom Macro to MicroPhoto FinishFind Stocking StuffersStar Light, Star BrightAdvisory Board MeetingYouTube Spotlight – Airboat Rides at Everglades Holiday ParkYour Opinion Counts!Nature Centers of the Broward County Parks and Recreation DivisionSpecial AttractionsMission StatementBroward County Board of County Commissioners
Seven Signs Your Holiday Tree Has Been Up Too Long
1. You've taken to using it as a coat rack.
2. The bird that got into your house stayed – and nested.
3. Visitors ask how you'll be decorating it for the spring holiday.
4. It's sprouted roots and started growing again.
5. Squirrels gather at your window and look in longingly at it.
6. You can no longer see the carpet through the layers of dried needles.
7. You've decided just to go ahead and leave it up for next year.
Few things are as sad as a holiday tree that's still standing around in someone's living room well into the new year. If the holidays are long gone but your tree isn't, it's time to chip in and donate your used evergreen to our annual Chip-a-Tree initiative. Last year Broward County Parks recycled more than 9,000 trees, representing more than a hundred tons of material that would otherwise have gone to landfills, and this year your tree can join those recyclable thousands.
The free program encourages Broward County residents to remove all decorations from their holiday trees (no decorated trees will be accepted), then bring the trees to a participating park, where they are chipped and used for landscaping throughout the county park system. There is a limit of two trees per vehicle, artificial trees are not accepted, and no commercial vehicles or garbage trucks are allowed.
This season's program runs from Thursday, December 26, 2013, through Monday, January 20, 2014, giving you plenty of time to take advantage of those after-the-holidays sales before hauling your tree to a park. And remember, the regular weekend and holiday gate entrance fee will not be in effect for recyclers, so there's no excuse not to do the right thing. Hours vary; call the park of your choice for details.
· Brian Piccolo Park & Velodrome, 9501 Sheridan St., Cooper City 33024; 954-357-5150
· C. B. Smith Park, 900 N. Flamingo Rd., Pembroke Pines 33028; 954-357-5170
· Easterlin Park, 1000 N.W. 38th St., Oakland Park 33309; 954-357-5190
· Fern Forest Nature Center, 201 Lyons Rd. South, Coconut Creek 33063; 954-357-5198
· Markham Park & Target Range, 16001 W. State Rd. 84, Sunrise 33326; 954-357-8868
· Plantation Heritage Park, 1100 S. Fig Tree Lane, Plantation 33317; 954-357-5135
· Quiet Waters Park, 401 S. Powerline Rd., Deerfield Beach 33441; 954-357-5100
· Reverend Samuel Delevoe Park, 2520 N.W. Sixth St., Fort Lauderdale 33311; 954-357-8801
· Snake Warrior's Island Natural Area, 3600 S.W. 62nd Ave., Miramar, FL 33023; 954-357-8776
· Tradewinds Park & Stables, 3600 W. Sample Rd., Coconut Creek 33073; 954-357-8870
· Tree Tops Park, 3900 S.W. 100th Ave., Davie 33328; 954-357-5130
· T.Y. (Topeekeegee Yugnee) Park, 3300 N. Park Rd., Hollywood 33021; 954-357-8811
· Vista View Park, 4001 S.W. 142nd Ave., Davie 33330; 954-357-8898
· West Lake Park, 751 Sheridan St., Hollywood 33019; 954-357-5161
· Brian Piccolo Park & Velodrome, 9501 Sheridan St., Cooper City 33024; 954-357-5150
· C. B. Smith Park, 900 N. Flamingo Rd., Pembroke Pines 33028; 954-357-5170
· Easterlin Park, 1000 N.W. 38th St., Oakland Park 33309; 954-357-5190
· Fern Forest Nature Center, 201 Lyons Rd. South, Coconut Creek 33063; 954-357-5198
· Markham Park & Target Range, 16001 W. State Rd. 84, Sunrise 33326; 954-357-8868
· Plantation Heritage Park, 1100 S. Fig Tree Lane, Plantation 33317; 954-357-5135
· Quiet Waters Park, 401 S. Powerline Rd., Deerfield Beach 33441; 954-357-5100
· Reverend Samuel Delevoe Park, 2520 N.W. Sixth St., Fort Lauderdale 33311; 954-357-8801
· Snake Warrior's Island Natural Area, 3600 S.W. 62nd Ave., Miramar, FL 33023; 954-357-8776
· Tradewinds Park & Stables, 3600 W. Sample Rd., Coconut Creek 33073; 954-357-8870
· Tree Tops Park, 3900 S.W. 100th Ave., Davie 33328; 954-357-5130
· T.Y. (Topeekeegee Yugnee) Park, 3300 N. Park Rd., Hollywood 33021; 954-357-8811
· Vista View Park, 4001 S.W. 142nd Ave., Davie 33330; 954-357-8898
· West Lake Park, 751 Sheridan St., Hollywood 33019; 954-357-5161
Holiday Hours
All Broward County regional parks (except Deerfield Island Park) and nature centers, neighborhood parks, and natural areas will be open their regular hours on Tuesdays, December 24 and 31, and Wednesday, January 1 (New Year's Day). All parks, nature centers, and natural areas will be closed on Christmas Day, Wednesday, December 25. The parks' regular holiday gate entrance fee of $1.50/person (children 5 and under free) will be in effect on New Year's Day.
Everyday Green Expo
Learn more about environmentally friendly living from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Saturday, December 7, when Quiet Waters Park introduces the Everyday Green Expo. The first-time event will feature exhibitors, educational demonstrations, raffles and giveaways, a recycling drop-off, trash-to-treasure demos, and Florida-friendly planting demos. Food trucks will be on site.
The event is open free, although the park's regular weekend gate entrance fee of $1.50/person (children 5 and under free) will be in effect. For more information, call the park at 954-357-5100. Quiet Waters is accessible via Broward County Transit Routes #14 and #48.
Fun for the Little Ones
It's no secret that Nature Tots has been teaching tykes to appreciate the great outdoors for years. The program was the brainchild of a park naturalist in 2003.
The one-hour programs, for ages 2 to 4 accompanied by an adult, focus on a different theme each month, with each site's naturalist free to embellish on it according to his/her style. A typical program might start with stories, songs, or arts and crafts and end with a short nature walk.
This month's events will be on December 17, at West Lake Park in Hollywood and on December 26, at Secret Woods Nature Center in Dania Beach.
The monthly program runs from 10 to 11 a.m. The fee is $5 per child, and preregistration is required. Programs are on the third Tuesday at West Lake Park and on the fourth Thursday at Secret Woods Nature Center.
For more information on a program or to preregister, call West Lake at 954-357-5161. West Lake is accessible via Broward County Transit Route #12. Secret Woods is accessible via Route #6.
Discover the New River
Learn about the impact of one of Broward County's most vital and well-known waterways at the Discovering the New River Lecture Series at Secret Woods Nature Center in Dania Beach. This month's lecture will take place on Saturday, December 21, from 2 to 4 p.m. and will feature a lecture entitled "Watery Crossroads: Secret Woods Aquatic Life" by Jay Petalio, Extension Program Assistant.
The lecture is open and free to the public ages 12 and up. For more information, contact the nature center at 954-357-8884. Secret Woods is accessible Broward County Transit via Route #6.
Go Fish
Registration opened back in November for the latest installment – the 16th annual one – of the Junior Bass Tournament Trail, a series of four tournaments that culminate with a young fishing enthusiast being named Junior Bass Angler of the Year. This year, however, you can register all the way up through December 20.
The tournaments are on Sunday mornings, January 19 (Quiet Waters Park), February 23 (Tradewinds Park), March 23 (Tradewinds), and April 27 (Quiet Waters), with fishing starting at "first light" and going till 1 p.m. Trophies and prizes will be awarded at the end of each tournament, and the angler compiling the most points over the four events wins the title as well as a special prize package. Participants must be aged 12 to 17 and accompanied by an adult at least 18 years of age. The $80 (plus sales tax) fee covers both participants and all four tournaments. Registration is required by mail (T.Y. Park, 3300 N. Park Rd., Hollywood, FL 33021, Attn: Bob Newland) or in person at the park. For more information, contact Newland at 954-357-8816 or email@example.com.
Find Your Artistic Side
Create nature-themed artwork at the Family Fun Nature Series: Art & Nature on Sunday, December 8 from 3 to 4:30 p.m. at the Anne Kolb Nature Center in Hollywood. Four artists will be stationed in the Mangrove Hall and will feature a different art project at each location. Families can participate in block printing, fish printing, art with natural items, and papier-mâché.
Participants are asked to make a $2/person donation to the Friends of Anne Kolb Nature Center. Preregistration is required. To preregister or for more information, call the nature center at 954-357-5161. Anne Kolb is accessible via Broward County Transit Route #12.
From Macro to Micro
Discover all that South Florida's natural wonders have to offer by taking part in the From Macro to Micro: Focusing on Nature Series. This nature hike and lecture series will focus on species of all sizes, and will alternate topics from the birds that call the Florida Scrub and Coastal Communities home, to the flowering plants throughout the Florida Scrub and Pineland habitats, and finally to the rarely viewed insects within various Florida Habitats.
This series features guided tours on various Saturdays through January 2014, and the tour at each location will include an in-depth discussion and a comparison of species between habitat types along the way. If you love the outdoors and are wishing to learn more, this is the series for you!
This month's first event will take place on Saturday, December 14, at Hillsboro Pineland Natural Area from 9 to 10 a.m. and will consist of an in-depth look into the flowering plants throughout the Florida Scrub and Pineland habitats. This month's second event will take place on Saturday, December 28, at Woodmont Natural Area from 9 to 10 a.m. and will consist of an in-depth look into the rarely viewed insects within various Florida Habitats. Participation in each single event is $5 per person ages 10 and up. Preregistration and prepayment are required for all events.
Participants are encouraged to wear sunscreen, sturdy closed-toe shoes, long sleeves/pants, and bring drinking water and binoculars. For more information, call Quiet Waters Park at 954-357-5100. To preregister or prepay, call the park at 954-357-5100 or visit WebTrac.Broward.org.
Photo Finish
Photographers of all levels of skill and experience are invited to Fern Forest Nature Center for the Family/Team Shutterbug Photo Hunt on Sunday, December 15, from 2:30 to 4:30 p.m. Participants will get a quick guide to basic photography as well as learn about the nature center's varied flora and fauna as they explore its trails in search of subject matter. A naturalist will be on hand to share the park's natural history and will provide I.D. cards for many of the plants and animals found at Fern Forest. Participants can choose their own level – easy, intermediate, or advanced – and enter their photos in the park's "Best of…" contest. Participants should also bring their own digital cameras that accept standard SD cards. The park will provide the SD cards but will retain them after the hunt. Please bring a flash drive if you want to take copies of your photos home with you. Keep in mind that the nature center has a variety of trail types, from wheelchair- and stroller-accessible boardwalks to more rugged terrain. Sturdy boots are recommended.
The cost for this program is $10 per team/family unit. Preregistration required. To preregister or for more information, call the nature center at 954-357-5198. Fern Forest is accessible via Broward County Transit Routes #31 and #42.
Find Stocking Stuffers
Looking for that perfect gift this holiday season? Purchase our Parks Passports for fun, affordable gifts.
· Family Parks Passport (good for up to six people) – $60 + sales tax = $63.60
· Individual Parks Passport – $25 + sales tax = $26.50
· Family Parks Passport (good for up to six people) – $60 + sales tax = $63.60
· Individual Parks Passport – $25 + sales tax = $26.50
With a Parks Passport, you never have to worry about paying the $1.50/person gate entrance fee (children 5 and under free) that's in effect on weekends and county holidays at most of our regional parks; the credit card-style passports are good for one year from the date of purchase.
Parks Passports are also now available online. And while it's the off-season for our water parks (until the middle of March 2014), Seasonal Aquatics Passes are also available online.
Star Light, Star Bright
Just because there's an overabundance of ambient nighttime light in Broward County doesn't mean you can't go stargazing. It just means that exploring the heavens is best done with the aid of telescopes. That's where the South Florida Amateur Astronomers Association (SFAAA) comes in. On a quarterly basis, the nonprofit group hosts An Evening With the Stars at Fern Forest Nature Center. The next such program will be offered starting at 7:30 p.m. on Friday, December 13, and it's free. Participants will get a glimpse of what's going on in the South Florida sky this season, and speakers will cover basic telescope techniques and general astronomy information.
The SFAAA also opens the Fox Observatory at Markham Park every Saturday evening, weather permitting, from dusk to midnight.
For more information, call Fern Forest at 954-357-5198 or the SFAAA at 954-384-0442, or email email@example.com. The nature center is accessible via Broward County Transit Routes #31 and #42.
Advisory Board Meeting
The next meeting of the Parks and Recreation Advisory Board is scheduled for 7:30 a.m. on Friday, December 6. The meeting will take place at Franklin Park, 2501 Franklin Dr., Fort Lauderdale 33311; 954-357-7080. While the public is invited to attend, participation in the meeting is limited to the advisory board and staff.
YouTube Spotlight – Airboat Rides at Everglades Holiday Park
Broward County Parks has its own YouTube Channel at www.YouTube.com/BrowardCountyParks. Ride through the river of grass at Everglades Holiday Park. Watch our video and see what could be waiting for you next time you visit.
Your Opinion Counts!
We'd like to know what you think about our programs and facilities. Please take a moment to tell us how we're doing by filling out this survey.
Nature Centers of the Broward County Parks and Recreation Division
Anne Kolb Nature Center
751 Sheridan St., Hollywood
Deerfield Island Park
1720 Deerfield Island Park
Deerfield Beach
Fern Forest Nature Center
201 Lyons Rd. South Coconut Creek
Long Key Natural Area & Nature Center
3501 S.W. 130th Ave.
Secret Woods Nature Center
2701 W. State Rd. 84 Dania Beach
For more nature activities, please go to broward.org/parks.
Special Attractions
Airboat Rides (Everglades Holiday Park) – Batting Cages (AllGolf at C.B. Smith Park) – Bike America (Quiet Waters Park) – Butterfly World (Tradewinds Park & Stables) – Cable Water-Skiing (Ski Rixen USA at Quiet Waters Park) – Campgrounds (C.B. Smith Park, Easterlin Park, Markham Park & Target Range, Quiet Waters Park, T.Y. (Topeekeegee Yugnee) Park) – Dog Park (Barkham at Markham Park & Target Range) – Educational Farm (Tradewinds Park & Stables) – Exhibit Halls (Anne Kolb Nature Center at West Lake Park, Fern Forest Nature Center, Long Key Natural Area & Nature Center, Secret Woods Nature Center) – Golf Facilities (AllGolf at C.B. Smith Park) – Softball/Baseball Fields (Brian Piccolo Park & Velodrome, Sunview Park, Tradewinds Park & Stables) – Observatory (Markham Park & Target Range) – Riding Stables (Tradewinds Park & Stables, Tree Tops Park) – Skate Park/Track (Brian Piccolo Park & Velodrome) – Target Range (Markham Park & Target Range) – Tennis Centers (Brian Piccolo Park & Velodrome, C.B. Smith Park) – Velodrome (Brian Piccolo Park & Velodrome) – Water Playgrounds/ Waterslides/Swimming (C.B. Smith Park, Central Broward Regional Park & Stadium, Quiet Waters Park, T.Y. (Topeekeegee Yugnee) Park)
Mission Statement
The Parks and Recreation Division is dedicated to providing a countywide park system with diverse facilities and recreation opportunities, along with natural area conservation and research-based educational outreach, to enhance the well-being of residents, businesses, and visitors.
Founded in February 1956 and accredited by the Commission for Accreditation of Park and Recreation Agencies, Broward County Parks and Recreation Division manages almost 6,500 acres, encompassing nearly 50 regional parks and nature centers, neighborhood parks, and natural areas at various stages of development. Facilities include water parks, campgrounds, a target range, a stadium, a skate park, an observatory, mountain bike trails, an educational farm with stables, and a velodrome and other sports facilities. Hours and fees vary by location. For more information, visitbroward.org/parks.
Individuals with disabilities requiring accommodations in order to participate in programs, services, and activities must contact the Special Populations Section at 954-357-8170 or TTY 954-537-2844 at least five (5) business days prior to the scheduled meeting or event.
Broward County Board of County Commissioners
Sue GunzburgerDale V.C. HolnessKristin JacobsMartin David KiarChip LaMarcaStacy RitterTim RyanBarbara ShariefLois Wexler
Subscribe/Unsubscribe to the Nearby Nature Newsletter
Parks and Recreation is a service of the Broward County Board of County Commissioners.


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Greg Morton live at the Comedy CabanaLocation: Comedy Cabana, Myrtle Beach
Greg Morton will be performing live at the Comedy Cabana in Myrtle Beach! Russell Ehrett and Cooter Douglas will open this great night of entertainment.
Morton used to be a mobile DJ but now he has been heard on radio shows like the Bob and Tom Show and has performed all of the world.
Tickets are $15 per person.Next Date:


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L to R, Anabel Arreola Foothill College Pass The Torch Director/Counselor,
Rose Myers FH VP of Student Development & Instruction,
Robert Garcia FH Pass The Torch Coordinator of Outreach& Team Development,
Carol Hunter U.C. Davis Tutor Supervisor,
Lily Lum San Francisco Community College Math Instructor Director of Pass The Torch,
Frances A. Gusman FH Dean of Student Outreach & Retention,
Diana L. Lizarraga U.C. Berkeley Pass The Torch Director.
Pass the Torch students were invited to luncheons throughout the past two years held in the Learning Skills Center. Speakers from various campus departments attended to share information and meet the students. Academic resources were emphasized as Team Members may request academic assistance in any class needed. Our goal is to promote resources and services that will help Pass the Torch students achieve both their academic and professional goals.
In a three quarter training program, our Team Leaders received extensive training in cultural awareness and teaching strategies. Both Leaders and Members were provided with brochures describing the benefits of participating in the program. As communities were developed within the Learning Skills Center, Team Members and Leaders were closely monitored for attendance and success.
During 2004-05 the Learning Skills Center provided academic assistance to 73 Team Members in 33 courses. In 2005-06, 58 Team Members received academic assistance in 29 courses. Many Team Members requested assistance in multiple courses. Team Leaders received high evaluation ratings in attitude, competency, independence, and overall experience by Team Members.
The Learning Skills Center has been very fortunate to have this program on our campus.
Thank you,
Ward Stewart, Director
Phone: 530 - 752-2013
These pictures were taken at University of California Berkeley Pass the Torch dinner orientation for their new students entering Pass the Torch in Fall 2004.
All of the Pass the Torch members transferred from a California Community College. Each represents an underrepresented minority population. All are mathematics majors with junior standing.
Click on any image to view a larger picture.


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By JB Clark/NEMS Daily Journal
Area firefighters have put out a blaze at a home on Evergreen Lane in Saltillo Tuesday morning.
Saltillo Fire Chief Mark Nowell said the home was not occupied at the time of fire and no one was injured.
Fire Departments received a call about the fire from a neighbor at 11 a.m. who reported seeing flames and the blaze was out at 11:25 a.m. expect for some hot spots.
Saltillo Fire Department responded to the call along with Unity Fellowship Volunteer Fire Department and Birmingham Ridge Volunteer Fire Department.
The cause of the fire is under investigation.


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Speaks for itself.......
¡Que la fuerza te acompañe!
Congrats to Barry and Robin for moving into their new home, sweet home!
¡Que la fuerza te acompañe!
Got myself some OC spraying today. It obviously sucks *** but I managed to survive it. The best remedy that I found was when I got home and had a cold beer.
Up, up, and OKAAAAY!!!
Although some people here think bears make it better, the truth is, in fact, beers make it better!
Hops ARE indeed the antidote to olerium capsicum spray!
¡Que la fuerza te acompañe!
Darth Vader is alive as well and working at my wife's school.
¡Que la fuerza te acompañe!
Princepal Vader to the teacher lounge~
2015 RFL Thank You to, TeeEye7 & Slicker, JediTricks, Tycho, El Chuxter, and Darth Jax!!!!
Be an organ donor, save lives!


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Skull Candy Smokin' Buds Earphones Black Rubberized
"These are definitely great sounding and well priced ear buds. I've never really had a pair that sounded this nice before and I only paid $40 for them. If you're into Dubstep, Trap, Hip-Hop, Rap, or other music like this, then you will definitely enjoy these buds. They have very nice low end performance that actually makes your ears vibrate a little and also have clear and pristene highs. For..." --backspace119
Paradigm Shift E3m White Earbuds
Stereo earbuds with built in microphone and smart phone functionality.
Skull Candy Smokin' Buds Headphones in Purple / Purple- Ships in ''24'' Hours!
Skull Candy Smokin' Buds Headphones in Purple / Purple


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bjoern werner is the perfect way to start this draft unless we end up winning enough games to take him out of the conversation.
I like werner, than either of the tennesee or clemson WR's with the first second rounder. I am also not against doubling up on positions, I'd really like to take a mid round flyer on werners team mate tank carradine... than we would have a very good arsenal of pass rushers.
I'd take the double up on the WR's as well, with a guy like swope later in the draft. try to find a CB, TE, OG, LB in any order however the board falls.
werner is key IMO...


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|Story Views
|Last Hour:
|Last 24 Hours:
SGTreport.com: Writer and researcher Andy Hoffman from Miles Franklin returns to SGT Report to kick off 2017 with an economic and geopolitical update. Andy says that even if Trump is able to do some of the things he said he'd do if he were President , there is no way he can prevent the coming collapse. "QE4, negative interest rates, the war on cash, it's all coming," Hoffman says
Copyright 2016 SGTreport.com
The Fox News Prostitutes
Insane Bond, Stock, Real Estate Markets - Greg Hunter, Mike Maloney Video
Jason A Blows Your Mind: WTH Is Going On? This Is so Not Normal Yet it's Happening Nationwide! WTH (Mature Video) Jason A Mr Doom
Hold On! State of Emergency, Evacuations: Massive, Massive & Serious Storm Update Three Tornadoes on the Loose (Updated Massive Storm Video)
The Final Word on Alex Jones
Terrifying Warning for Americans
Operation Gotham Shield Update and the "Media Blackout" (Video)
Here's a Very Difficult Video to Watch - But Watch You Must - The Liberal Cancer of America
Serious Combat Readiness: Russia Puts Air Defense on High Alert (Video)
The Relentless Push Towards War: This Time with North Korea. Why?
Why Does Jared Kushner Look Like He Is Getting Ready to Play the Role of the Biblical Antichrist?
Staged ISIS Bombing Video. If This Doesn't Wake You Up, Nothing Will.
Major Leak at Oroville Damn Detected
Huge Superstorm Forms Over US. Geoengineering?
Russian Military Ship Sinks After Collision
Hackers Exploited Word Flaw for Months While Microsoft Investigated
Freemasons Won't Tell You That They Worship Lucifer As The 'Light Bearer Of The World'
Pastor Steve Cioccolanti Explains Sheol [Hell] and Seoul from the Israeli Bible
Willie Nelson Halts Concert in Texas – Country Legend was 'Disoriented'
Israel Bombs Road To Damascus..Airport
'Shocking Footage' of Something You Have to See! (2017-2018) Jason A.
British Police Making Terror Arrests on 'Near Daily Basis' as Expert Estimates 10,000 UK Jihadis
Alien (1979) – The Deeper Meaning You Missed – Jay Dyer
U.S. Bumblebee Gets Federal Protection … Finally
The Bullpen Report: Why Cishek Could Be Worth Stashing, Eyeing J. Wilson & More
9 Health Benefits of Walking Barefoot and Connecting With the Earth
EPA and Energy Star Teamed to Ban Real Energy Saving Technology
American Politics Reflects Communist Rivalries
Cop Blocker Arrested for Crossing Street at DUI Checkpoint in Manchester (Video)
The Spiritual Lover of the Inner Silence


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My bro managed to find Robotman, Forager, and Man-Bat for me leaving me just a Beast Boy and Joker shy of a complete set! A complete set of Wal-Mart exclusives! Who'd have thought I'd ever live to see the day?! Maybe there's still a chance they'll actually get those Series 5 figures in stock finally!
I really dig my new Forager! He was always a favorite, and I never thought I'd see him in figure form, and so well done to boot!
Robotman seems a bit disappointingly short, however. Still a good figure that I'm glad to have.


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1969-81 GM Brake Calipers, Wilwood, Dual Piston Billet Aluminum, Disc, D52 19756 (120-10936)
WILWOOD FORGED BILLET D52 OE MOUNT DUAL PISTON CALIPER! Wilwood features incorporated in this innovative and unique new design make it the perfect choice for a wide range of custom manual or power brake applications.
1978-92 GM Metric Aluminum Brake Calipers Set, Wilwood 19764
WILWOOD GM METRIC BRAKE CALIPERS. Direct replacement for the 1978 and later D154 type GM metric caliper. Weights starting at 2.92 pounds, it provides a substantial weight savings over cast iron OE calipers.
Brake Caliper Banjo Fittings, Pr.
Brake Caliper Banjo Fittings available for banjo bolt sizes of 10mm or 7/16"-20 to -3AN fitting.
Brake Pedal Assembly, Thru Firewall, Universal
Universal brake pedal assembly available for Hot Rods, Street Rods and Classis trucks.
Wilwood Single and Dual Piston Floater Calipers (D154)
1969-81 GM BRAKE CALIPERS, WILWOOD, DUAL PISTON BILLET ALUMINUM, Brake Pad Plate #D154 Wilwood's D154 forged billet caliper is a direct bolt-on, lightweight, high-strength, extreme duty alternative to the OE cast iron calipers that were used on a wide range of factory disc brake equipped mid size GM cars and small trucks beginning in 1978. Includes Pads!


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Practically Speaking
Kyle and her husband moved to Brookfield in 1986. She became active in local politics and started blogging in 2004. Her focus is primarily on local issues but often includes state and national topics, too. Kyle looks at things from the taxpayers' perspective in a creative, yet down to earth way, addressing them from a practical point of view.
A Whole Lotta Diggin' Goin' On in SE Brookfield
If you haven't had occasion to travel on Bluemound Road on Brookfield's southeast side lately, you might not know that there's A Whole Lotta Diggin' Goin' On down here!
If traveling from east to west, the former Quebecor site is getting its clean up in preparation for Underwood Crossing, where the Target store slated for opening in fall of 2012. (The dirt heap has grown considerably since I snapped this pic in July.)
If you recall, there was a mixed use plan for the site proposed back in 2007 that fell through. This included apartments and lots of small shops.
Next stop: the intersection of Bluemound and Elm Grove Roads. Here the DOT is carving out new right turn lanes on both northbound and southbound Elm Grove Road and improving the turn lane into Bishop's Woods from Bluemound. I pity the first home on the southeast corner. It is a relatively new home, where the reality of a busy Elm Grove Road just hit a little closer to home.
Saving the best, or maybe I should say biggest for last, the intersection of Sunnyslope Road and Bluemound gets yet another major redo. This time, new right turn lanes are carved out--literally--from the Bishop's Woods office park.
For weeks, we didn't quite know what they were up to, but now it is clear: they excavated the hill to widen Sunnyslope. This new arrangement requires a sizable retaining wall.
Longtime residents in the area will remember they drastically altered this intersection once before. That time they lowered the elevation of the hill, in an effort to level out Bluemound Road at the intersection.
Since the diggin' continues on into Wauwatosa, motorists just might want to avoid the area from Moorland Rd. to Hwy 100 completely until late November 2011, when they hope to be finished. And the price tag? $11.6 million out of our State and Federal pockets, and I am thinking a bit from local Elm Grove (?) pockets too for the new north side of Bluemound sidewalk.
Past Posts: Can it be? A Target in Brookfield? How about a Trader Joe's too?
Brookfield's proposed Target Store Public Hearing
This is not the place for gossip, sniping at other bloggers, commentors, races, or religions, etc.
There is no need to berate another just because they don't share your viewpoint.
All comments not respectfully discussing the blog topic or incessantly making virtually the same point are going into delete world.
Those of you double or triple posting under multiple names, stop it!
Keep this in mind on future posts because the NOW blog comment policy will be enforced.
For the most part, I will not enter the comment forum, so if you have a question for me, contact me via email: firstname.lastname@example.com
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I am just setting them up as per the spec sheet.
The 2 OKs I am using at spec are NTE3086 (40-50mA) and PS2501-4 (50mA). These are close to the max current for the led. The electrical characteristics lists a lot lower current rating.Here are the datasheetsNTE3086http://www.datasheetcatalog.org/datasheet/nte/NTE3086.pdfPS2501-4http://www.cel.com/pdf/datasheets/ps2501.pdf
I just remember always hearing a relay snap just before being blinded.
I know you need to stay away from reed relays because on high currents they will wield themselves closed
Omron makes a 5 volt relay that will not act like a transformer
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3.1: The International System of Units
Lesson Objectives
- Identify the seven base units of the International System of Units.
- Know the commonly used metric prefixes.
- Convert between three temperature scales.
- Understand volume and energy as combinations of SI Units.
- Distinguish between mass and weight.
Lesson Vocabulary
- energy
- International System of Units (SI)
- joule
- kinetic energy
- liter
- measurement
- scientific notation
- temperature
- weight
Check Your Understanding
Recalling Prior Knowledge
- Why is the metric system easier to use than the English system of units?
- How is scientific notation used to represent very large or very small numbers?
- What units are used to measure length, mass, and volume in the metric system?
The temperature outside is 52 degrees Fahrenheit. Your height is 67 inches and your weight is 145 pounds. All are examples of measurements. A measurement is a quantity that includes both a number and a unit. If someone were to describe the height of a building as 85, that would be meaningless. 85 meters? 85 feet? Without a unit, a measurement does not convey enough information to be useful. In this lesson, we will begin an exploration of the units that are typically used in chemistry.
SI Base Units
All measurements depend on the use of units that are well known and understood. The English system of measurement units (inches, feet, ounces, etc.) is not used in science because of the difficulty in converting from one unit to another. The metric system is used because all metric units are based on multiples of 10, making conversions very simple. The metric system was originally established in France in 1795. The International System of Units is a system of measurement based on the metric system. The acronym SI is commonly used to refer to this system and stands for the French term, Le Système International d'Unités. The SI was adopted by international agreement in 1960 and is composed of seven base units (see Table below).
|SI Base Unit
|Amount of a Substance
|Electric Current
|Luminous Intensity
The first five units are frequently encountered in chemistry. The amount of a substance, the mole, will be discussed in detail in a later chapter. All other measurement quantities, such as volume, force, and energy, can be derived from these seven base units.
You can learn more about base units at www.nist.gov/pml/wmd/metric/si-units.cfm.
Metric Prefixes and Scientific Notation
As stated earlier, conversions between metric system units are straightforward because the system is based on powers of ten. For example, meters, centimeters, and millimeters are all metric units of length. There are 10 millimeters in 1 centimeter and 100 centimeters in 1 meter. Prefixes are used to distinguish between units of different size. Table below lists the most common metric prefixes and their relationship to the central unit, which has no prefix. Length is used as an example to demonstrate the relative size of each prefixed unit.
|Unit Abbreviation
|Exponential Factor
|1 gigameter (Gm) = 109 m
|1 megameter (Mm) = 106 m
|1 kilometer (km) = 1000 m
|1 hectometer (hm) = 100 m
|1 dekameter (dam) = 10 m
|1 meter (m)
|1 decimeter (dm) = 0.1 m
|1 centimeter (cm) = 0.01 m
|1 millimeter (mm) = 0.001 m
|1 micrometer (µm) = 10-6 m
|1 nanometer (nm) = 10-9 m
|1 picometer (pm) = 10-12 m
There are more prefixes, although some of them rarely used. Have you ever heard of a zeptometer? You can learn more about metric prefixes at www.nist.gov/pml/wmd/metric/prefixes.cfm.
Table above introduces a very useful tool for working with numbers that are either very large or very small. Scientific notation is a way to express numbers as the product of two numbers: a coefficient and the number 10 raised to a power. As an example, the distance from Earth to the Sun is about 150,000,000,000 meters – a very large distance indeed. In scientific notation, the distance is written as 1.5 × 1011 m. The coefficient is 1.5 and must be a number greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10. The power of 10, or exponent, is 11. See Figure below for two more examples of scientific notation. Scientific notation is sometimes referred to as exponential notation.
The Sun is very large and very distant, so solar data is better expressed in scientific notation. The mass of the Sun is 2.0 × 1030 kg and its diameter is 1.4 × 109 m.
Very small numbers can also be expressed using scientific notation. The mass of an electron in decimal notation is 0.000000000000000000000000000911 grams. In scientific notation, the mass is expressed as 9.11 × 10-28 g. Notice that the value of the exponent is chosen so that the coefficient is between 1 and 10.
Typical Units in Chemistry
Length and Volume
The SI basic unit of length, or linear measure, is the meter (m). All measurements of length may be made in meters, though the prefixes listed in Table above will often be more convenient. The width of a room may be expressed as about 5 meters (m), whereas a large distance such as the distance between New York City and Chicago is better expressed as 1150 kilometers (km). Very small distances can be expressed in units such as the millimeter or the micrometer. The width of a typical human hair is about 20 micrometers (µm).
Volume is the amount of space occupied by a sample of matter (see examples in Figure below). The volume of a regular object can be calculated by multiplying its length by its width by its height. Since each of those is a linear measurement, we say that units of volume are derived from units of length. The SI unit of volume is the cubic meter (m3), which is the volume occupied by a cube that measures 1 m on each side. This very large volume is not very convenient for typical use in a chemistry laboratory. A liter (L) is the volume of a cube that measures 10 cm (1 dm) on each side. A liter is thus equal to both 1000 cm3 (10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm) and to 1 dm3. A smaller unit of volume that is commonly used is the milliliter (mL). A milliliter is the volume of a cube that measures 1 cm on each side. Therefore, a milliliter is equal to a cubic centimeter (cm3). There are 1000 mL in 1 L, which is the same as saying that there are 1000 cm3 in 1 dm3.
(A) A typical water bottle is 1 liter in volume. (B) These dice measure 1 cm on each side, so each die has a volume of 1 cm3 or 1 mL. (C) Volume in the laboratory is often measured with graduated cylinders, which come in a variety of sizes.
You can watch a video about measuring volume using graduated cylinders at http://www.benchfly.com/video/153/how-to-use-graduated-cylinders/.
Mass and Weight
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter that an object contains. The mass of an object is made in comparison to the standard mass of 1 kilogram. The kilogram was originally defined as the mass of 1 L of liquid water at 4°C (the volume of a liquid changes slightly with temperature). In the laboratory, mass is measured with a balance (Figure below), which must be calibrated with a standard mass so that its measurements are accurate.
An analytical balance in the laboratory takes very sensitive measurements of mass, usually in grams.
You can watch a short video about using an analytical balance at http://www.benchfly.com/video/54/how-to-weigh-small-amounts/.
Other common units of mass are the gram and the milligram. A gram is 1/1000th of a kilogram, meaning that there are 1000 g in 1 kg. A milligram is 1/1000th of a gram, so there are 1000 mg in 1 g.
Mass is often confused with the term weight. Weight is a measure of force that is equal to the gravitational pull on an object. The weight of an object is dependent on its location. On the moon, the force due to gravity is about one sixth that of the gravitational force on Earth. Therefore, a given object will weigh six times more on Earth than it does on the moon. Since mass is dependent only on the amount of matter present in an object, mass does not change with location. Weight measurements are often made with a spring scale by reading the distance that a certain object pulls down and stretches a spring.
Temperature and Energy
Touch the top of the stove after it has been on and it feels hot. Hold an ice cube in your hand and it feels cold. Why? The particles of matter in a hot object are moving much faster than the particles of matter in a cold object. An object's kinetic energy is the energy due to motion. The particles of matter that make up the hot stove have a greater amount of kinetic energy than those in the ice cube (see Figure below). Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in matter. In everyday usage, temperature is how hot or cold an object is. Temperature determines the direction of heat transfer. When two objects at different temperatures are brought into contact with one another, heat flows from the object at the higher temperature to the object at the lower temperature. This occurs until their temperatures are the same.
The glowing charcoal on the left is composed of particles with a high level of kinetic energy, while the snow and ice on the right are made of particles with much less kinetic energy.
Temperature can be measured with several different scales. The Fahrenheit scale is typically not used for scientific purposes. The Celsius scale of the metric system is named after Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701-1744). The Celsius scale sets the freezing point and boiling point of water at 0°C and 100°C, respectively. The distance between those two points is divided into 100 equal intervals, each of which is referred to as one degree.
The Kelvin temperature scale is named after Scottish physicist and mathematician Lord Kelvin (1824-1907). It is based on molecular motion, with the temperature of 0 K, also known as absolute zero, being the point where all molecular motion ceases. The freezing point of water on the Kelvin scale is 273.15 K, while the boiling point is 373.15 K. As can be seen by the 100 kelvin difference between the two, a change of one degree on the Celsius scale is equivalent to the change of one kelvin on the Kelvin scale. Converting from one scale to another is easy, as you simply add or subtract 273 (Figure below).
A comparison of the Kelvin (left) and Celsius (right) temperature scales. The two scales differ from one another by 273.15 degrees.
Energy is defined as the capacity to do work or to produce heat. As discussed previously, kinetic energy is one type of energy and is associated with motion. Another frequently encountered form of energy is potential energy, which is a type of energy that is stored in matter. The joule (J) is the SI unit of energy and is named after English physicist James Prescott Joule (1818-1889). In terms of SI base units, a joule is equal to a kilogram times a meter squared divided by a second squared (kg•m2/s2). A common non-SI unit of energy that is often used is the calorie (cal), which is equal to 4.184 J.
Lesson Summary
- Measurements are critical to any field of science and must consist of a quantity and an appropriate unit. The International System of Units consists of seven base units.
- The metric system utilizes prefixes and powers of 10 to make conversions between units easy.
- Length (m), mass (kg), temperature (K), time (s), and amount (mol) are the base units that are most frequently used in chemistry. Quantities such as volume and energy can be derived from combinations of the base units.
Lesson Review Questions
Reviewing Concepts
- Give the SI base unit of measurement for each of the following quantities.
- mass
- length
- time
- temperature
- Convert the following numbers into scientific notation.
- 85,000,000
- 0.00019
- Put the following into decimal notation.
- 8.72 × 10-8
- 3 × 104
- Place the following units of mass in order from smallest to largest: g, kg, μg, g, pg, Mg, ng, cg, dg.
- Explain what is wrong with the following statement: "This rock weighs 8 kilograms."
- What is absolute zero on the Celsius temperature scale?
- Calculate the volume in mL of a cube that is 2.20 cm on each side.
- A rectangular solid has a volume of 80 cm3. Its length is 2.0 cm and its width is 8.0 cm. What is the height of the solid?
- Convert the following Celsius temperatures to Kelvin.
- −104°
- Convert the following Kelvin temperatures to degrees Celsius.
- Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit can be converted to Celsius by first subtracting 32, then dividing by 1.8. What is the Celsius temperature outside on a warm 88°F day?
- Two samples of water are at different temperatures. A 2 L sample is at 40°C, while a 1 L sample is at 70°C.
- The particles of which sample have a larger average kinetic energy?
- The water samples are mixed. Assuming no heat loss, what will be the temperature of the 3 L of water?
Further Reading / Supplemental Links
- E.A. Mechtly, International System of Units: Fundamental Constants and Conversion Factors. Stipes Pub Llc, 1977.
- SI Metric System: (http://www.simetric.co.uk/sibasis.htm)
- You can do an online metric system crossword puzzle at http://education.jlab.org/sciencecrossword/metricsystem_01.html.
- Take a museum tour of weights and measurements at museum.nist.gov/exhibits/ex1/index.html.
- You can view a comparison of the sizes of viruses, DNA, and biological molecules, along with information about DNA-based computers, at http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/chemhealth/cool.htm.
- Time is standardized by an atomic clock. You can view a short video about the Amazing Atomic Clock at http://video.pbs.org/video/2167682634.
- Test your metric skills by playing Metric System Hangman. There are two Hangman games.
- The first is at http://education.jlab.org/vocabhangman/metric_system_01/8.html.
- The second is at http://education.jlab.org/vocabhangman/metric_system_02/8.html.
Points to Consider
Conversions between units of the metric system are made easy because they are related by powers of ten and because the prefixes are consistent across various types of measurement (length, volume, mass, etc.).
- What is the mass in grams of a 2.50 kg book?
- What is the length in cm of a field that is 0.65 km?
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By Tiernan Ray
JMP Securities's networking analyst Erik Suppiger this morning started coverage of Palo Alto Networks (PANW) with a Market Outperform rating and a $77 price target, writing that the company's security gear should benefit as more enterprises try to use "Web apps" in a secure manner.
As Suppiger describes it, Palo Alto's customers are struggling with the rise of the Web inside the corporation:
Just a few years ago web browsing and webmail were the primary web based applications used regularly in the workplace. However, today's network environments are much more complex as SaaS products and next generation web applications such as salesforce.com, WebEx, YouTube, AIM, and a wide array of blog sites., have become indispensable resources in the workplace. Furthermore, IT has become consumerized as employees incorporate social media such as Facebook (F) and Twitter into their daily work routine. As organizations are no longer willing to give up services such as these in favor of traditional employer-based solutions, demand has exploded for a security that can control and secure the use of web applications instead of simply blocking them.
Suppiger's price target "is based on an assumed EV to CY13 revenue multiple of 12.5x, which represents a revenue multiple that reflects the valuation of comparable companies and Palo Alto's superior growth rate."
Palo Alto has just 7% of a $2 billion "unified threat management" market, notes Suppiger, which he expects the company will significantly expand upon in coming years. However, the stock's current EV-to-sales multiple of 9.9 times doesn't fully reflect the 45% projected sales growth next year, which is more than double that of competitors such as F5 Networks (FFIV), Check Point Software Technologies (CHKP), Fortinet (FTNT), Imperva (IMPV), and Sourcefire (FIRE). which range from 9% to 24%.
But within the security technology market, Suppiger sees perhaps a more interesting comparison with software vendor Splunk (SPLK):
We also believe that as Palo Alto develops a track record as a public company, investors will value it along with other technology leaders such as Splunk (SPLK, MO, $39 PT, McDowell). Both companies developed disruptive technologies that address very large market opportunities and they are growing at similar rates. We believe investors value technology leaders based on long-term revenue prospects and as such we are using CY14 revenue estimates. Splunk currently trades at an EV to CY14 revenue multiple of 9.6x while Palo Alto trades at 7.4x. Accordingly, we believe Palo Alto will trade up to our price target of $77, which is in line with Splunk's valuation.
Palo Alto shares today are down 27 cents, or half a percent, at $60.33.


text: Advogato is a fun site, but it can't be all things to everyone. The diary facilities on my home box are a wee bit better, so if you would like to read my diary, you may find it here. To all that know me, and to all that soon will know me, bon vivante!


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Renaissance offers a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to see paintings by great Italian artists. Raphael, Botticelli, Bellini and Titian star among an amazing display of talent and creative splendour from the Early and High Renaissance.
Over seventy works on panel and canvas will be on display, made between 1400 and 1600 by exceptional artists working in Northern and Central Italy.
Of extraordinary quality, the paintings emanate from cities and courts of Renaissance high culture. In Venice, Florence, Bergamo, Padua, Ferrara and Siena, the Church and private patrons commissioned religious scenes as well as magnificent portraits.
Subjects range from touching depictions of the Madonna and Child, insightful depictions of nobles, Bible stories, the lives of the Saints and moving renditions of the Crucifixion.
Giovanni Bellini,
'Madonna and Child, known as The Alzano Madonna' c. 1488,
Accademia Carrara, Bergamo, Bequest of Giovanni Morelli 1891.
The Accademia Carrara in Bergamo is closed for renovation, allowing Australians to view these treasures in Canberra only.
To our valued Members and artonline subscribers, we are pleased to offer pre-sale tickets via Ticketek. All tickets are timed entry.
Title image: Vittore Carpaccio 'Nativity of Our Lady' c. 1502–04 (detail), Accademia Carrara, Bergamo, Bequest of Guglielmo Lochis 1866.
Fred Williams revolutionised the way we see the Australian environment. To coincide with the exhibition Fred Williams: infinite horizons, a major publication has been produced and is now on sale in the exhibition shop.
The book highlights Williams's strength as a painter, and includes a wide range of oil paintings and luminous gouaches, along with new material from the artist's diaries and his remarkable China sketchbook.
'Fred Williams: infinite horizons' by Dr Deborah Hart, with an essay by 2011 Pulitzer Prize-winning art critic Sebastien Smee. 240 pages.
Title image: Fred Williams 'Waterfall polyptych' 1979, Art Gallery of New South Wales. Purchased with assistance from the H. G. Slater Foundation 1980 © estate of Fred Williams.
Betty ChurcherAO, Ron Radford AM and the Honourable Mrs Ashley Dawson-Damer at the official opening of 'Fred Williams: infinite horizons' on Thursday 11 August.
Readers will experience a special opportunity to travel with Williams from the 1940s to his last works in 1981 - from the figure studies of his student days in Melbourne and London, to the groundbreaking landscapes, beachscapes and waterfalls of regional Victoria, and to subjects further afield in Bass Strait, the Cape York Peninsula and the magnificent Pilbara region in Western Australia. Also included are intimate portraits of family and friends.
This engaging publication is a fitting tribute to an outstanding artist. The clarity and richness of Williams's distinctive artistic vision that is his legacy, will continue to inspire generations to come.
On Friday 12th August we welcomed members to our winter party in conjunction with the opening of Fred Williams: infinite horizons. The night was a great success with a wonderful introduction from exhibition curator Dr Deborah Hart. The high-energy musical talents of the bridge between kept us toe-tapping all the way through. Don't forget to book your place for the upcoming Curator's Dinner with Dr Deborah Hart on Friday 16th September.
The exciting news this month is the announcement of our summer show, Renaissance: 15th & 16th century Italian paintings from the Accademia Cararra, Bergamo. As members of the National Gallery of Australia you have exclusive access to pre-sale tickets before the general public.
Margaret Olley, 'Hawkesbury wildflowers and pears' 1973 (detail).
A reminder to keep an eye out for your invitation to member's Renaissance events in the spring edition of Artonview.
We are also pleased to announce the launch of our Member's Acquisition Fund 2011. This year's work is Margaret Olley's Hawkesbury wildflowers and pears, 1973. Check pages 18 and 19 of your spring issue of Artonview for more details.
Liz Wilson
Manager Membership and Development Programs
View exclusive Members offer
In addition to a wealth of important prints from the workshops of American master printer Kenneth Tyler, the Gallery's Tyler Collection contains candid photographic material and a comprehensive film and sound collection.
The International Prints Department has been working with DAMSmart! preservation services to digitise the film and sound holdings, and the results so far have been very exciting. Rare footage of Roy Lichtenstein, David Hockney and Frank Stella at work and in discussion with Ken Tyler offer new perspectives on the collection that we can't wait to share!
Title image: Frank Stella, 'The fountain' 1992, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra © Frank Stella/ARS. Licensed by Viscopy
DAMSmart!'s Film Preservation Operator David McGrouther at work.
Film and sound will be featured in exhibitions and published on our website as we identify and catalogue the material. And in the meantime, stay up to date by following PrintBoffin on Twitter and the Tyler blog, Beyond Print.
Sarina Noordhuis-Fairfax started work at the Gallery in 2005 as a volunteer in the Australian Prints and Drawings Department, and became the Gordon Darling Graduate Intern in 2006. She is now the Curator of Australian Prints and Drawings and her exhibition Play opens in the Childrens' Gallery at the NGA in January 2012.
What has been your most satisfying moment as a curator?
Assisting with two Gordon Darling Fellowship publications: Redback Graphix by Anna Zagala and Australian Artists' Books by Alex Selenitsch.
If you could curate a solo show of any artist who would it be?
Sandra Selig (Australia) or the late Norman B. Colp (USA).
Charles Blackman, 'Schoolgirl takes a flip' 1979 (detail), National Gallery of Australia, Canberra.
If you were a work of art in the collection what would you be?
Charles Blackman's flip-book Schoolgirl takes a flip (1979).
What is your favourite work not on display?
My favourite changes all the time, but lately it would be Bea Maddock's artist book This time (1967-69).
What is the most fragile work you have encountered?
Drawings by Tommy McRae from the 1890s, done in iron gall ink (a purplish-black ink made from mixing iron salts and tannic acid).
During Floriade 2011, celebrate Canberra in the spring by attending one of three curatorial talks in the Gallery's Sculpture Garden.
The Sculpture Garden features distinct areas designed around the seasons of the year. The talks explore these spaces and the sculptures in the winter, spring and summer gardens. All talks are free and begin at 12.45pm, meeting in the Sculpture Garden courtyard.
Thursday 22 September Christine Dixon, Senior Curator, International Painting and Sculpture, discusses works in the winter space of the Sculpture Garden.
Thursday 29 September
Emilie Owens, Curatorial Assistant, International Art, discusses works in the spring section of the
Sculpture Garden.
Background: Mark di Suvero 'Ik ook' 1971–72. Foreground: Emile Antoine Bourdelle 'Penelope' 1912 (cast 1972). National Gallery of Australia, Canberra.
Thursday 13 October
Lucina Ward, Curator, International Painting and Sculpture, discusses works in
the summer section of the Sculpture Garden.
Title image: courtesy of Floriade and the ACT Government.
The Australian Government's Cultural Gifts Program encourages people to give items of cultural significance to public art galleries, museums, libraries and archives.
In line with the National Gallery of Australia's Acquisitions Policy, Australian Aboriginal artist Danie Mellor has recently given a spectacular work to the Gallery through the Cultural Gifts Program. A Transcendent Vision (of life, death and resurrection) 2010 is a multi-layered work that incorporates ancient Freemasonic symbols and Hebrew letters, provoking thought about ancient cultures, Western civilisation and the notion of empire.
Gifts of significant works of art are just one of many ways to contribute to the life of the Gallery.
For more information on the Cultural Gifts Program please visit this website or contact firstname.lastname@example.com
Danie Mellor, 'A Transcendent Vision (of life, death and resurrection)' 2010, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra.
Gift of Danie Mellor, Donated through the Australian Governments' Cultural Gift Program 2011.
Space invaders: australian . street . stencils . posters . paste-ups . zines . stickers is open 1 September – 5 November 2011 at RMIT Gallery
Australian portraits 1880–1960 is open until 4 September 2011 at Warrnambool Art Gallery
In the spotlight: Anton Bruehl photographs 1920s–1950s is open until 11 September 2011 at Monash Gallery of Art
Right: Misha Hollenbach, 'No still eye deer' (detail) 2000. Acquired with the support of Calypso Mary Efkarpidis, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra.
Special accommodation offer
The Hyatt Hotel Canberra is the proud accommodation partner for Fred Williams: infinite horizons. For a special accommodation offer including accommodation, tickets to the exhibition and a Fred Williams catalogue, please visit the website of the Hyatt Hotel Canberra.
Gallery Shop Father's Day Sale
Friday 2 – Sunday 4 September
20% off all books!
National Gallery of Australia Shop,
Parkes Place, Canberra ACT 2600 |
(02) 6240 6420 email@example.com
Above: Micah Lexier 'Untitled [7]' (detail) 2005, from the series 'Sydney signs', National Gallery of Australia, Canberra © Micah Lexier
The Eye of the Storm
In cinemas 15 September
In the Sydney suburb of Centennial Park, two nurses, a housekeeper and a solicitor attend to Elizabeth Hunter as her expatriate son and daughter convene at her deathbed. But in dying, as in living, Mrs Hunter remains a powerful force on those who surround her.
Based on the novel by Nobel Prize winner Patrick White, The Eye of the Storm is a savage exploration of family relationships – and the sharp undercurrents of love and hate, comedy and tragedy, which define them.
Be one of the first 20 members to respond here with your name and membership number and you will receive a double pass.
For more information or to view the trailer click here.


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Article Archives: South Carolina
Butterfly Foundation Receives Healthy Food Financing Initiative Grant
The Butterfly Foundation, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization in Spartanburg, S.C., was awarded funding under the fiscal year 2011 Community Economic Development Healthy Food Financing Initiative. The foundation partnered with the Hub City Farmer's Market, the city of Spartanburg, the Spartanburg Development Corporation, and the Mary Black Foundation to create the Northside Healthy Food Hub. The hub is a hybrid business that will help create jobs, contribute to economic growth in the Northside community, and provide access to healthy foods and groceries in a community lacking healthy food options. Funds will be used to create a permanent home for the Hub City Farmer's Market, a catering and teaching kitchen, and retail space where vendors can sell produce and other goods throughout the year. There also will be space for classrooms, a community garden, and a café. The project is expected to be self-sustaining within five years and to create 23 jobs for the community.
The Butterfly Foundation also partnered with the city of Spartanburg and the Mary Black Foundation to implement the Culinary Job Training Program, which is designed to help prepare unemployed and underemployed adults for careers in the food industry.
For more information about the Butterfly Foundation's programs and services, contact Liberty Canzater, Executive Director, at the Butterfly Foundation at 185 S. Liberty St., Spartanburg, SC 29306; firstname.lastname@example.com; or (864) 582-4146.
Investment Fund Helping to Rehabilitate Foreclosed Properties in South Carolina
SCIF will provide flexible capital that can be used by certified community development corporations and community development financial institutions to acquire and rehabilitate foreclosed properties in targeted communities. According to the fund offering, SCIF is seeking to raise capital to fund up to 10 community economic development ventures. Under the proposal, investors in SCIF would receive a 33 percent credit (using the South Carolina Community Development Tax Credit program) against their state tax liability and interest on their investment while supporting neighborhood stabilization efforts in the state.
To learn more about the Silver Crescent Investment Fund, e-mail Bernie Mazyck, President and Chief Executive Officer of SCACDC, or call (803) 579-9855.
Supporting Affordable Housing through Tax Credit Syndication
As a tax credit syndicator, CAHEC structures equity funds using investors' capital. CAHEC's most recent fund is the South Carolina Preservation Fund II LP (SCPF II). SCPF II is a $32 million equity fund designed to preserve and renovate a portfolio of older, multifamily housing properties in South Carolina. The targeted portfolio includes 41 properties with a total of 1,548 units. Although all investments in SCPF II were fully subscribed in 2008, banks can invest in other CAHEC equity funds as they are developed. To learn more, visit their Web site or e-mail Dana Boole or call (919) 788-1803.
Tax Credits Stimulates Economic Development
For more information, contact the South Carolina Department of Commerce (www.callsouthcarolina.com).


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11.6 ounce poly cotton fleece
5.11's stain resistant finish
No-roll collar with Locker loop
Hand warmer pockets on both sides
Mic pockets at both shoulders
5.11 Tactical products have been built with the direct involvement of emergency services professionals from the very beginning of the company. When 5.11 decided to introduce a full line of products for Fire and EMS professionals, it was only natural to begin product development with field personnel and the first thing they wanted was a ¼ Zip Job Shirt. The ¼ Zip Job Shirt is made of 11.6 ounce poly-cotton fleece fabric with 5.11's stain resistant treatment. This ¼ Zip Job Shirt resists stains from soils, food and liquids and will stay looking neat clean and professional for an extended shift. The no-roll collar stays put and the locker loop lets you hand the shirt from any hook. The zippered opening features a quality YKK zipper. The Chest Breakthrough pocket with a Velcro divider allows you to carry a full-sized radio or a smaller object without it dropping to the bottom of the pocket. They've included hand warmer pockets on both sides and placed microphone pockets on both shoulders, and signature pen pockets on the left sleeve to keep the pens away from your chest and neck. Once again you can count on 5.11 Tactical Series for quality, innovation and value. Imported.
• 11.6 ounce poly cotton fleece
• Poly-cotton twill
• 5.11's stain resistant finish
• No-roll collar
• Locker loop
• YKK zipper
• Chest Breakthrough pocket with Velcro divider
• Hand warmer pockets on both sides
• Mic pockets at both shoulders
• Pen pockets on left sleeve
• Accepts embroidery and silk screening well


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I think there is very little evidence to suggest that increasing restrictions on gun ownership will reduce crime. However, the only way to really find out would be to restrict ownership, sales and manufacture on a nationwide basis. Movement around the country is essentially unrestricted and guns routinely move from areas where there are few controls to areas where there are many. The arguments that places with tighter gun control laws also have higher rates of violent crime may be valid, but the correlation is spurious. The support for the laws comes largely from the higher crime rates and those rates exist with or without gun restrictions. I am not arguing for tighter gun control. However, that doesn't make all arguments against gun control valid.
Among developed countries, America has the highest rates of gun ownership by its citizens. It also has the highest rates of violent crime, the largest percentage of its population in jail, and the highest rate of capital punishment. Where are the causes and where are the effects?
In Switzerland, where I spent my adolescence, there is almost universal ownership of fully automatic military weapons in private households. The reason is that all males aged 18 - 55 are required to join the military which operates much like our reserves with members spending a few weeks each year on active duty. A difference is that these soldiers take their weapons home with them during the rest of the year. When I lived in Switzerland (1960's), anyone over the age of 18 could walk into a store and buy a rifle or pistol with no questions asked. To buy a switchblade or brass knuckles, you didn't even have to be 18. Laws have become stricter over time and most cantons (the Swiss equivalent of states) now have regulations governing hand guns. However, handgun ownership is still second only to the US and rifle ownership is higher. Violent crime is almost non-existent in Switzerland and rates of imprisonment are very low (despite a very high legal and illegal immigrant population). Where are the causes and where are the effects?
I believe that violence, crime and guns are only tangentially related. Outside the US, America is viewed as having a violent culture and I suspect that is a fair assessment and is a major factor explaining both our higher rate of gun ownership and our higher crime rates. I sometimes facetiously argue that we would be better off if we mandated universal gun ownership, If nothing else, it would tend to encourage good manners. I'm not really sure I think this is a good idea, but I suspect that for our country it's a better idea than restricting weapons to government forces (police or military) which I view as being a sure road to tyranny.
Jeff Goodwin
Lets do this. Most democrats are for gun control and most republicans are not but rather responsible gun ownership. Lets take the next 4 years and make it illegal for democrats to owns guns and allow republicans to continue with the current gun laws. That way both sides are happy.
Paul Cantrell
Black Ice Retrievers
Marcola OR
Too many dogs to list (By some Bitch)
"Helping Hunters Train Their Dogs"


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- Contents
- Details
- Reviews
Moist and chewy, our colossal cookie cakes are made with real butter, whole eggs, and pure vanilla. Eat your cookie cake with a fork or your fingers, on plates, napkins, or right out of the box. Any way you slice it, our Big Cookie Cakes are still first in flavor.
**Due to our dough mixing process, all of our products may have come in contact with nut oils.
- This cookie cake is not available to personalize.
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- Baked and decorated the same day of shipment.
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- Debra's Special® Oatmeal Raisins w/ walnuts
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- Cookies are best if eaten the day of delivery.
- Serves 12.
11 customer reviews have been submitted for the Happy Birthday Cookie Cake.
Overall Rating: (4.5 of 5)
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Immune Disorders
Allergy and asthma are among the most common heath problems, with more than 60 million people afflicted with asthma, seasonal hay fever, or other allergy-related conditions each year.
Allergies can affect anyone. Generally, allergies are more common in children; however, a first-time occurrence can happen at any age, or recur after many years of remission.
Allergies tend to occur in families, although the exact genetic factors that cause it are not yet understood.
Food allergies are seen in 6 percent of children under age 3 and 3 percent of adults.
According to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, if only one parent has allergies, each child has a 50 percent chance of having an allergy. If both parents have allergies, it is much more likely (75 percent chance) that their children will have allergies.
According to the latest available statistics from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, allergic problems in the U.S. are the sixth leading common cause of chronic disease.
Nearly 20 million people in the U.S. have been diagnosed with asthma, with at least 5 million of them children under age 18.
Asthma is the third ranking cause of childhood hospitalizations under age 15.