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Tania Suarez, MSEd, LMHC, NCC
Licensed Mental Health Counselor
352 7th Avenue, Suite 1001 , New York , New York 10001
Depression can make it hard to engage with your loved ones, focus on your work, get out of bed, and even enjoy the things you used to. And it's even more frustrating when it's out of your control and perhaps for reasons you're unaware of. In a safe and compassionate space, I can help you understand and identify your triggers for depression and help you develop healthy coping strategies to manage your symptoms.
H.C. Fall Willeboordse, LCSW-R
Fall Willeboordse, LCSW-R
244 5th Ave. Suite 9G, New York, New York 10001
Depression is often the illness hiding in plain sight. It's difficult to get help as depression has the ability to drain you of your will and sense of agency. I work with people suffering with moderate to severe depression. My approach is to find out what is happening now in your life that is causing you distress, your response to it, and also recognize any repetitions of events, relationships or behaviors which may be pulling you down. I work both short and long term. Symptom relief is the immediate goal, whereas a longer-term goal may be to identify any underlying issues triggering the depression.
Kevin Fleming Ph.D.
Coach/Change Agent/Consultant
Manhattan, New York 10001
Grey Matters International, Inc. and the work of Kevin J. Fleming, Ph.D. handles depression and other emotional disorders in a very unique way. Most of therapy or counseling processes utilize validation, unconditional positive regard, and reframing as common techniques to get someone to heal from their depression. Though this can be helpful, it rarely fixes the core problem behind it and for tough cases we then refer them usually to a psychiatrist for medication which can have tons of side effects. Instead, why not try a natural and arguably more effective way to not just change your mind, but change the brain--where the depression is rooted. Contact us at email@example.com.
Edgard Danielsen, PhD, LP
Licensed Psychoanalyst
7 West 30th Street, New York, New York 10001
Sometimes depression happens because you have experienced a loss: perhaps a loved one died, or a relationship has ended, or you have lost a job or an opportunity. When these and other events happen, you may feel depleted of energy as if there is no reason to go move on, you may lose sleep or sleep more, you may lose weight or gain more. I will help you understand what you are feeling, and together we will find ways to replenish your inner energy so that you are able to be a peace with what has happened and move forward in a direction that brings a sense of fulfillment in life.
Dan Sharir, Ph.D, LMHC, NCC
Licensed Mental Health Counselor
19 West 34 Street Suite 1200, New York, New York 10001
I work with clients to identify triggers for their depression and to find ways for clients to cope with their symptoms. I help clients examine current problems in their lives that contribute to their depression. I use cognitive behavioral therapy that helps clients to understand the way their thoughts impact their behaviors. The important thing for clients to know is that they are not alone.
Carolyn AlRoy, Psy.D.
Licensed Psychologist
19 West 34th St., Penthouse, New York, New York 10001
I will determine the severity of depression and the need for medication. We will figure out if depression is an acute response to a crisis or situation. We will look at the causes, your experience of depression, what are triggers for depression, and ways to cope with it and give you better control of it. If it is a recurrent depression we will find ways for you to cope, and develop good support networks if you don't have them.
Lois Horowitz, Ph.D, LCSW
London Terrace Gardens/ Chelsea/ West 23rd Street, New York, New York 10011
There is hope if you are experiencing intense feelings of hopelessness and despair. However, first you need to learn about the new advances in neuroscience that emphasize the role of the brain in how you feel. Let me help you to develop insight into what triggers unhealthy, self-critical thoughts and self-defeating patterns of behavior. Please visit my website at lhorowitz.com for more information about my practice.
Philip Kolba, MA
New York, New York 10011
Research shows that the most effective treatment for depression is psychotherapy. Depression can range from feeling down to major symptoms such as having trouble even getting out of bed or contemplating suicide (if you have suicidal thoughts or plans, call the National Suicide Prevention Line at 1-800-273-8255). Online counseling is effective for depression because it is easy to access: you can start treatment without even leaving the house.
Diane Davis, L.C.S.W.
Licensed Psychotherapist
49 West 24th Street, New York, New York 10010
I have extensive experience working with depression, from mild forms to severe, cripplling depression. Sometimes depression can seem like the world around you has changed, leaving you isolated and feeling all alone. At times some may feel unable to go on with their daily life. I help you identify the root causes of depression and can provide strategies to move through and onwards with life.
Stephanie Manes, JD, LCSW
Licensed Clinical Social Worker
30 East 21st Street, Suite 2A4, New York, New York 10010
Many of us have found ourselves in the grips of depression. It may be chronic or follow from life changes or losses. In most cases, it leaves the person suffering with a sense of despair and disorientation. If you are struggling with some form of depression, I can offer you a safe and supportive environment where you weather your own storm and find a way back into life. Through a healing dialogue where you can express sadness and fear without judgement, and explore the sources and what sustains your depression, we can help you through the worst of the pain and move you back toward life.
Stephanie Vanden Bos, LCSW
Licensed Clinical Social Worker
156 Fifth Ave., Suite 1223, New York, New York 10010
Feeling sad, tired, lonely, stressed or unmotivated? Depression is painful and confusing and can cause a lot of damage. Most people can not emerge from it entirely without help, and therapy is one of the most effective methods of treatment. Developing insight into your thoughts and feelings with the help of a therapist can help lift painful feelings and make room for new possibilities for living, while also addressing the underlying sense of being alone and feeling unknown.
Joan Warren, LMFT
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
280 Madison Avenue Suite 208, New York City, New York 10016
Depression is a life challenge that is shared by many of us and treated in a variety of ways. Letting go of self blame and regret may be your need. Examining past history and increasing or altering perspective about how this affects your self worth may bring relief. Addressing present thought patterns and how they relate to mood and behavior is practical and beneficial. But, receiving consistent support by a trained, compassionate and dedicated professional who will remain by your side through attempts to change may be the most important and positive step toward relieving depression and that is what I bring to our sessions.
Rev. Christopher Smith, LCAC, LMHC, LMFT
Helping you find wholeness...
124 East 40th Street, Ste 404, New York, New York 10016
There is hope if you are unable to enjoy the things that used to give you pleasure or if you have a sense of sadnesss or hopelessness that just won't go away. We all feel sad from time to time, but depression is when this goes on over time and can affect all areas of your life and even lead to you feeling like giving up on life. Together, we can look at what is going on and explore ways (through discussion, actions and possibly involving a physician) to help you back to where you would want to be - where you can experience a sense of wholeness and peace. Christopher can help you on that journey.


text:
Universal Fit
TDK EB750 Headphones
" These IEMs have an MRSP of $40. For that price they are not worth it. However, in many discount places, especially in Canada, you may find these @ $15 or less. If you find them for this price, grab them. I personally paid $10. Sound is great for the price. They look very rugged and feel solid, I believe they are made from aluminum. The cord is also tangle free and feels very nice...." --thug behram
BUDCLICKS EARPHONE Panda
"Budclicks Earphone" is the best earphone which comes with Budclicks. Budclicks is new style accessary with the ability to click charms to earbuds. They allow kids, tweens, and adults to style up those bland white earbuds. The Budclick mount works on iPod and iPhone style white earbuds created by Apple. With over 150 million of these earbuds on the market Budclicks have appeal to just...

subset: commoncrawl


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Black Stereo Earphone Headphones
Compatible with: Samsung: SGH-F700, SGH-F490, SGH-A867 Eternity, SGH-G810, SPH-M800 Instinct YP Series YP-K3, YP-K5, YP-P2, YP-S5, YP-T10, YP-T55, YP-T7, YP-T8, YP-T9, YP-U1, YP-U2, YP-U3, YP-Z5A, YP-Z5FA, YP-Z5FQ, YP-Z5Q, YP-Z5Z SanDisk: Sansa View View 16GB, View 32GB, View 8GB Sansa Clip Clip 1GB, Clip 2GB, Clip 4GB Sansa Connect Connect 4GB Sansa C100 series C140, C150 Sansa C200 series...
Snuggbuds Fusion
Our Fusion model provides a "full range" of sound, with excellent highs, mids, and lows in these speakers. Fusion for SmartPhone comes with a full-control mic for iPhone, fabric, tangle-free cord, and 90-degree gold-plated sport jack. Note: this microphone also works with other SmartPhones that accept direct-connect 3.5mm jacks, but click control function may not with all SmartPhones.


text:
Human African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a widespread tropical disease that can be fatal if not treated. It is spread by the bite of an infected tsetse fly (Glossina Genus).
The tsetse fly bite erupts into a red sore and within a few weeks the person can experience fever, swollen lymph glands, aching muscles and joints, headaches and irritability.
In advanced stages, the disease attacks the central nervous system, causing changes in personality, alteration of the biological clock (the circadian rhythm), confusion, slurred speech, seizures, and difficulty walking and talking. These problems can develop over many years in the Gambiense form and some months in the Rhodesiense form; if not treated, the person will die. Control of sleeping sickness is based on reduction of the reservoirs of infection by early diagnosis and control of tsetse flies.


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O.J. Simpson didn't kill his ex-wife, a serial killer did, according to a new documentary.
"My Brother the Serial Killer" claims Glen Rogers, who is currently on death row for another murder, is responsible for the 1994 deaths of Nicole Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman.
The documentary, which airs November 21 at 9 pm on Investigation Discovery, does not include an interview with Rogers' himself, but prominently features interviews with Rogers' brother Clay.
The Daily Mail reports that Rogers confessed to the Brown-Goldman killings after he was already in jail for the 1995 murders of Tina Marie Cribbs in Tampa and Sandra Gallagher in Los Angeles. He is also suspected of killing at least 10 others and once claimed he had murdered 70 people.


text:
WCSG would love to hear from you with any comments and questions that you have. We value your input and suggestions to make WCSG more effective in ministry here in West Michigan and around the world.
If you have a question, we'd suggest checking WCSG's Frequently Asked Questions section to see if the information you need is there. Use any of the following means to get in touch with WCSG.
Mailing Address:
91.3 WCSG Radio
1159 E Beltline Ave NE
Grand Rapids MI 49525
Specific departments are listed below for your information. If you are uncertain where to send your email, choose General Question in the form below, and your email will be forwarded to the appropriate person.


text:
remember you also have 512bytes of eeprom.... not super fast but still useablealthough not cheap you can use max7219 chips to drive lots of leds...here you can see a matrix i've made with 48 led blocks (but could be expanded)end resulti've built an API that lets me draw and write textit's not difficultm
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text: Third-party payment has required the bureaucratization of medical care and, in the process, has changed the character of the relation between physicians (or other caregivers) and patients. A medical transaction is not simply between a caregiver and a patient; it has to be approved as "covered" by a bureaucrat and the appropriate payment authorized. The patientthe recipient of the medical carehas little or no incentive to be concerned about the cost since its somebody elses money. The caregiver has become, in effect, an employee of the insurance company or, in the case of Medicare and Medicaid, of the government. The patient is no longer the one, and the only one, the caregiver has to serve. An inescapable result is that the interest of the patient is often in direct conflict with the interest of the caregivers ultimate employer.


text:
Submit News
Dell Earnings Disappoint as PC Sales, Windows 8 Fail to Save It
Tiffany Kaiser
November 16, 2012 7:19 PM
Recipient E-mail
Sender E-mail
(Source: greenrightnow.com)
Dell's profit fell 47 percent to 39 cents per share while revenue dropped 11 percent to $13.7 billion
Dell's financial report for the third quarter seems to have missed the targets predicted by Wall Street on many levels due to
sluggish PC sales
For Q3 2012, Dell's profit fell 47 percent to 39 cents per share while revenue dropped 11 percent to $13.7 billion from a year previous (Wall Street expected $13.9 billion). Its net income fell from $893 million (49 cents per share) in Q3 2011 to $475 million (27 cents per share) in Q3 2012.
A large reason for Dell's financial tumble is the lack of demand for PC upgrades. Dell's PC shipments fell 8.3 percent in Q3 2012 from a year earlier.
"In a difficult global IT spending environment we saw solid proof points that demonstrate progress in our strategy," said Brian Gladden, Dell CFO. "A highlight has been the strong progress of our newly introduced servers, with our server and networking business up 11 percent. We're also encouraged by early interest in our new Windows 8 touch portfolio and the opportunities it creates for our commercial and consumer businesses."
Looking forward
, Dell predicts a fourth quarter revenue of $14 billion to $14.4 billion, which is a bit less than the $14.5 billion analysts were shooting for. In Q4 2011, revenue was $16 billion.
In response to all of this disappointing news, Dell stock dropped to $8.81 this morning, which is the lowest its been since March 12, 2009.
While Dell is
looking to Windows 8 for some kind of revival
, the new operating system hasn't provided any immediate boost for PC makers. In fact, Gladden said Windows 8 wouldn't affect Dell's financial results for the next two quarters.
"The client business continues to be challenging," said Gladden. "Commercial customers tend to be lagging adopters of a new operating system. They're going to wait."
To make matters worse, Microsoft doesn't solely depend on PC makers for hardware anymore. Last month, it released its first tablet hardware,
Surface RT
, which features the RT version of the Windows 8 mobile OS. Next year, Microsoft plans to release the Surface Pro, which will run Windows 8 Pro.
"When an individual makes a copy of a song for himself, I suppose we can say he stole a song." -- Sony BMG attorney Jennifer Pariser
Related Articles
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October 24, 2012, 7:00 AM
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August 22, 2012, 3:00 PM
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text:
By Ben Levisohn
Last week, Kinder Morgan (KMI) shares got hammered on reports that a report on its accounting would be forthcoming–and that it would not be flattering. On Wednesday, the day of the as-yet-unreleased report's first mention, Kinder Morgan's stock fell 6%.
But there's no better way to boost confidence in your company than buying shares–and that's exactly what CEO Richard Kinder has done. According to a filing with the SEC, Kinder bought 500,000 shares of Kinder Morgan for $35.7375 today, or nearly $18 million worth. Clearly, he sees the recent weakness as a buying opportunity.
Kinder's timing is especially interesting considering that the report, from Hedgeye Risk Management, is set to be released tomorrow. Hedgeye's report on Linn Energy (LINE) helped drive those shares down 31% this year.
Kinder's little boost of confidence appears to have worked today. Kinder Morgan's shares have gained 3% to $36.28 today, while Kinder Morgan Energy Partners (KMP) has ticked up 0.2% to $80.38. Kinder Morgan Management (KMR) has dropped 1.7% to $75.41.
Kinder's not the only one trying to support the stock. Deutsche Bank's Curt Launer and Barclays' Richard Gross both defended Kinder Morgan after word of the report's existence hit last week.


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Braxton Miller leads Buckeyes past Indiana
Miller accounts for majority of Ohio State's yardage
BLOOMINGTON, Ind. - Braxton Miller's quest for the Heisman Trophy just took another step forward.
Ohio State's electric quarterback rushed for 149 yards and a touchdown to help the Buckeyes score a 52-49 win over Indiana on Saturday. OSU moved to 7-0 (3-0 Big Ten) while IU (2-4, 0-3) dropped its fourth straight game.
"That No. 5 (Braxton Miller) has made a lot of good players look bad," Indiana coach Kevin Wilson said. "He's a special player."
Indiana's struggles stopping the run were an issue again, with the Hoosiers allowing both Miller and Carlos Hyde to rush for more than 145 yards each. Hyde ran for a career-high 156 on 22 carries, and Miller added a pair of TD passes. Miller accounted for 360 of Ohio State's 578 yards.
"IU was much improved," Ohio State coach Urban Meyer said. "We are not good in certain areas, and we were exposed."
The Hoosiers trailed for most of the second half, but they never gave up. Indiana answered with big plays every time OSU tried to put IU away.
"I have to get more involved and find out what the issues are," Meyer said about OSU's inability to finish. "I know injuries are an issue. I don't think you can pinpoint one thing now."
Simply competing is a positive for Indiana, especially against an opponent like Ohio State, but the story is getting old for Wilson.
The Hoosiers came out throwing after halftime, completing four passes on a seven-play drive that resulted in a 22-yard field goal from Mitch Ewald. OSU, however, answered quickly. Following IU's kickoff, Miller took off up the middle on a 67-yard TD run to stretch the Buckeyes' lead to 31-17.
Indiana shanked a punt on its next possession, and Ohio State drove to the IU 4-yard line before Greg Heban made a diving interception in the end zone. The Hoosiers made the Buckeyes pay three plays later when Cam Coffman found Shane Wynn for a 76-yard score, once again cutting the margin to seven (31-24).
"That was just a play to perfection," Wynn said. "I caught it in route, thought I was going to get tackled, didn't and I just started running."
Ohio State lit up the scoreboard again on its next possession, putting together an eight-play, 75-yard drive that was helped by a pair of 15-yard penalties on the Hoosiers. Hyde capped off the drive with a 14-yard TD reception to put OSU back up 38-24.
Still, the Hoosiers refused to go away. Tevin Coleman returned the ensuing kickoff 60 yards to the OSU 40, and five plays later Ewald booted a 44-yard field goal to slice the Buckeyes' lead to 11.
But the inability to make stops on the ground continued to haunt the Hoosiers. Hyde ran for 47 yards on four carries on Ohio State's next drive, and he cracked the end zone again to stretch Ohio State's advantage to 45-27, all but sealing the OSU win.
Indiana managed to make it close with a pair of late touchdowns to slice an 18-point lead to three, but a final onside kick attempt failed, giving the Buckeyes the win.
OSU headed into the break at halftime up 24-14 despite some inconsistent play, saved only by a special teams play and a picture-perfect touchdown pass in the closing minutes of the half.
Ohio State struck first when Philly Brown scored on a 12-yard run to cap off a nine-play, 75-yard drive. That march was helped by a pair of questionable calls from officials on two third-down plays, one a shaky spot on a completion and another on a late pass interference call.
Indiana struggled to find its rhythm on offense and, two drives later, Ohio State struck again, kicking a 35-yard field goal with 3:06 left in the quarter. Quarterback Braxton Miller used an 18-yard run on third-and-16 to help set up OSU's second score.
The Hoosiers answered with a quick score of their own. Running back Stephen Houston burst through a hole opened by a great block from right guard Dan Feeney to go 59 yards to cut the Buckeyes' lead to three.
Indiana's special teams came up with a huge play late in the first quarter when Isaiah Roundtree blocked an OSU punt. Three plays later, Houston bolted in from seven yards out to give the Hoosiers a 14-10 lead.
Ohio State answered with a big special-teams play of its own when Travis Howard blocked an IU punt and recovered the ball in the end zone to put the Buckeyes ahead.
Following an IU punt, Miller threw a 60-yard TD pass to Devin Smith on third-and-9 and gave OSU the 10-point edge it took into the halftime break.
NOTES: Indiana's punt block in the first quarter was its first since Kevin Bush turned the trick vs. Towson in 2010. ... IU held the ball for just 9:38 of the first half. ... Indiana has beaten Ohio State just twice since the 1950 season. Those wins came in back-to-back years in 1987 and 1988. ... Since 2005, Urban Meyer-coached teams are 17-0 when they block a punt. OSU is 1-0 in that circumstance this season.
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text:
I enjoy looking at test setups. I have written up one of the nicer complete MH tests I have run. My favorite being the 3rd series. I have tried to "paint" it best I can, obviously it doesn't do it justice. But the marks complimented each other beautifully. It was very inviting to run the shore on the go bird. With that less water thought in mind, on the next bird retrieved (1st bird out) they were liable to cheat the corner and run shore down to the AOF and then hunt all over since the wind wasn't giving it away, possibly getting back towards the blind if they didn't check down. After picking that up, they had to mildly angle entry into the water, swim past the idea of where they had once gotten to run around the shore, and think more water all the way out to the middle bird. Dogs that cheated got caught up in the drag back scent, and most had to be handled out of it.
There are probably stronger and more difficult HT tests out there, but for the way the marks influenced and built off each other, I felt it was a very solid and well put together tests.
Attachment 9710
Attachment 9712
Attachment 9711


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A More Frightening Schoolhouse Rock: Japan Explains Nuke Crisis to Kids
Japan's nuclear crisis is no laughing matter. But now, somehow, there are poop jokes involved. This cartoon for kids involves Nuclear Boy, Chernobyl Boy, and Three-Mile Island Boy, a lot of poo jokes and a doctor that makes house calls.


text:
By NEMS Daily Journal
Republicans made fiscal crisis the nation faces
The GOP finds itself currently in a lose-lose situation with the looming fiscal cliff debate. When Congress couldn't make itself agree on a budget deal they crafted a short-term fix and put the hard work off until the 2012 election was over.
The fiscal cliff is a deliberate poison pill of tax hikes on everyone and draconian budget cuts for the entire government, including defense, to force the post-election Congress to agree to some compromise that both parties would despise. Well that time has arrived and it has blown up in the faces of the GOP. Surprise, the American public defied their "wisdom" and reelected a Democratic president and Senate. Now the GOP finds itself facing this scenario – if they cut a deal with Obama to avoid the cliff, taxes on their rich campaign contributors will go up, and if they do nothing and the nation goes over the cliff they created taxes will go up on the rich anyway. (Everybody else's taxes will go up too but no one cares about us, we don't finance their campaigns).
The GOP's only hope is that Obama will be stupid enough to cave in and give them whatever they want and save them from their own foolishness. Why should he? When your opponents are busy strangling themselves with their own nooses, get out of the way and let them. If the GOP refuses to compromise the nation plunges back into a severe recession and they will be held responsible for it and if they do compromise and spare the nation but cut their rich supporters' throats they will still suffer. Obama didn't create this trap, the GOP did, and it has sprung on them.
Be careful what you wish for, you might get it, Republicans. You made this mess for yourselves, get yourselves out of it.
Richard Wilkinson


text:
4" Arbor Mounting Kit - 4 pc.
- $ 60 24 60.24
- Shipping
- Enter ZIP Code for shipping options
- Estimated arrival
About this itemWith our Aussie Augers, you won't need to dig any holes to mount your arbor in the ground.
Put your shovel and wheelbarrow away. With our unique Aussie Auger ground mounting system, you
will not need to dig holes to mount your arbor into the ground. Simply twist the large auger
into the ground, slide the plastic biscuit over top and slide the arbor over the biscuits.
Screw them into place and installing your arbor has never been easier.
The Aussie Augers are made of galvanized steel and ABS plastic to provide a secure and lasting anchoring system for your arbor. They extend 16" into the ground and sleeve up the arbor another 8". The Aussie Augers are for 4" posts and designed for Ashley's Arbors Richmond, Wyndham and Waterbury arbors. This easy kit contains four augers for a complete arbor solution.
Click here for product instructions
- With our Aussie Augers, you won't need to dig any holes to mount your arbor in the ground
- Designed for arbors with 4" posts (Ashley's Arbors Richmond, Wyndham and Waterbury arbors)
- Assembly difficulty: Easy
- Tools required are cordless drill, level, tape measure and hammer
- Augers are made of galvanized steel
- Biscuits are made from rigid black plastic
- Items included are 4 galvanized steel augers, 4 plastic mounting biscuits, 4 bolts & wing nuts, white stainless steel screws, 1 steel turning rod
For questions or concerns regarding this product, please contact the Manufacturer's Customer Service Department at 1-866-325-1065.
Assembled Country
Assembled Size
24"H x 4"W x 4"D
Component Country
USA And Imported
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Standard - 2 to 6 business days
Premium - 2 to 4 business days
Express - 1 to 2 business days
Warranty Information
Our warranty covers any defects in materials and workmanship for 20 years of the original owner of the real estate upon which this product is used. Only the original owner can make a claim. Proof of purchase is required.
If materials or manufacturing workmanship are found to be defective, Ashley's Arbors will, at its discretion, either replace the defective material or refund the product. Labor, installation and any similar costs are excluded and shall not be paid by Ashley's Arbors.
The warranty does not cover damage caused by failure to comply with installation or improper application; damage due to acts of God, war, other casualties, exposure of pollutants/conditions other than natural weathering; damage or discoloration due to misuse, improper storage, impact of objects, alteration by applied heat or welding, contact with chemicals or other substances; other physical or material alterations; color fading occurring over time due to normal weathering; materials not manufactured by Ashley's.


text:
Jeff Goodwin
Elections are won and lost with the 20% of the middle voters. The other 2 groups of 40% vote the party line. I think I may have stolen that theory from Tom Clancy, but am not for sure.
Using the term conservative and McCain in the same sentance makes me laugh.
We had 2 candidates for Presidential election to vote for last election, left and borderline socialist.
"Communism only works in Heaven, where they don't need it, and in Hell, where they already have it" Ronald Reagan
Someone had to vote for McCain in the primaries in order for him to be on the presidential ticket. Looks like the right picked the wrong guy. Hey, I know lets have a do over.
Roger, I have acknowledged the fact that the world has changed and that this is what the majority want.
I am just not mature enough to accept it!!
Stan b & Elvis


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By NEMS Daily Journal
Billy Foster 51, of Blue Springs and passenger Patsy Nichols 50, Blue Springs were westbound on Highway 178 east of Highway 9 on Monday in Union County in a 2008 Toyota Tacoma when they apparently lost control leaving the roadway colliding into a tree, according to Mississippi Highway Patrol Trooper Jason Roe.
The accident took place around 5 p.m.
Both Foster and Nichols were air lifted to the The Regional Medical Center at Memphis with life threatening injuries.
The accident remains under investigation by the Mississippi Highway Patrol.


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These contract documents are to be completed if your contract is due to expire on September 30, 2008. These documents must be completed by your organization and sent to the Network by Thursday, April 3, 2008. All document forms should be sent via email to your assigned Contract Manager and Program Manager. Please direct questions to your Contract or Program Manager.
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* This notice is to amend the previous notices published on October 31, 2012 and November 7, 2012 indicating the documents would be available on or about November 5, 2012.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington District, by this Notice of Availability (NOA), advises the public that the Draft Environmental Assessment (DEA) for the Dickenson County Public Schools Consolidated Middle/High School Complex, Section 202 Project is complete and available for public review. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington District is the lead Federal Agency. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rural Housing Service is actively serving as a cooperating and consulting Federal Agency. The project is receiving funding from both agencies and qualifies as a Federal action for both. The project is located in Dickenson County, Virginia. Permanent and temporary impacts to streams and wetlands are anticipated with the proposed project. Required permits will be obtained and compensatory mitigation will be completed. Temporary increases in noise levels are anticipated during the construction of the school complex, and minor increases in noise and traffic near the campus upon completion. Positive impacts to the floodplain are anticipated as a result of the proposed project. A Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) from both agencies is anticipated for the proposed project. A Draft FONSI is included with the DEA for public review.
In compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and 40 CFR 1501.4, the DEA and Draft FONSI must be available to the public in the affected area for thirty (30) days for review and comment. Final determination regarding the need for additional NEPA documentation will be made after the public review period, which begins on or about November 16, 2012. Copies of the documents may be viewed at the following locations during normal business hours.
Jonnie B. Deel
Memorial Library
198 Chase Street
Clintwood, VA 24228
Haysi Community Library
157 O'Quinn St
Haysi, VA 24256
USDA Rural Development
140 Highland Drive, Suite 5
Lebanon, VA 24266
In addition to the hard-copies available at the locations listed above, the DEA can be viewed online at the following link under the Section 202 Dickenson County School Consolidation Project heading: http://www.lrh.usace.army.mil/Missions/PublicReview.aspx Copies of the DEA and Draft FONSI may be obtained by contacting the Huntington District Office of the Corps of Engineers at (304) 399-5276 and/or the USDA Rural Development Area Office at (276) 889-4650, ext. 121. Comments pertaining to the documents can be directed by letter to either of the addresses below or transmitted electronically to: firstname.lastname@example.com Please reference the project above in the title or body of any submitted comments.
Mr. Jonathan J. Aya-ay,
Chief Environmental
Analysis Section,
Planning Branch
Huntington District Corps
of Engineers
502 Eighth Street
Huntington, West Virginia 25701-2070
Mr. Dwight Pierson,
Area Specialist
USDA Rural Development140 Highland Drive, Suite 5
Lebanon, VA 24266


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Home » A Huge African Male Elephant
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Astoundingly, 5 out of the 6 movies in the Star Wars saga have at least 1 Jedi dying in some manner, whether it is stabbed through the gut, decapitated by a Sith, or getting sick and dying. Most of the scenes showing Jedi going from "live" to "dead" are quite different from each other in tone and action, some are surprises, some are sacrifices, some are the inevitablity of life. So which Star Wars film best captures the death of a Jedi:
You will have to decide how "best Jedi death scene" applies to your vote, whether it is "most meaningful", "coolest action", "most believable", "most noble", "most important", it's entirely up to your poit of view.
- Ep 1 - The Phantom Menace: Qui-Gon killed by Darth Maul.
- Ep 2 - Attack of the Clones: Many Jedi killed by the troops of the Separatist army.
- Ep 3 - Revenge of the Sith: Many Jedi killed by Republic clone troopers and Anakin Skywalker, Anakin also kills Count Dooku (a former Jedi).
- Ep 4 - A New Hope: Obi-Wan Kenobi lets himself be killed by Darth Vader.
- Ep 6 - Return of the Jedi: Yoda becomes ill and dies, Darth Vader (a former Jedi) dies after a battle with his son and suffering severe Sith lightning.


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Why do we fear the occult — and the teenage girls who dabble in it? Sady Doyle has some clues. Photo by Flickr user alicetiara.
In my research for Backward Messages, I came across more than one story about groups of teen girls who became temporarily obsessed with the film The Craft. This was before Harry Potter. Indeed, it was before Charmed, the show which brought young, attractive, savvy witches to television screens everywhere. Having a teenager suddenly enthralled by witches definitely worried some parents — but most admitted it was a phase, and it passed.
Still, truths are hidden in our scary movies (even if The Craft doesn't really fall into that category). Sady Doyle, who writes at the blog Rookie, tackles this topic personally and gracefully in one of her latest posts, "The Season of the Witch." In it, she writes about her own teen obsession with witchy films — as well as the cultural anxieties that are often behind horror films and our fears of them.
Before there was The Craft, there were the Salem witch trials, which started because the young girls of the town were engaging in unearthly, demonic behavior—such as "screaming" and "throwing things." You know. The sort of thing you'd never do as a 12-year-old, especially not if you were stuck in a freezing-cold Puritan settlement where the funnest activity was churning butter.
Doyle smartly addresses the stories of cultural figures like Annelise Michel, a teenage girl who died in Germany in 1976 of neglect and starvation because her staunchly Catholic parents insisted that her adolescent behavior (and epilepsy) was the work of demons possessing her. In a more fictional account, there's The Exorcist, which Doyle views thusly:
Once you realize that The Exorcist is, essentially, the story of a 12-year-old who starts cussing, masturbating, and disobeying her mother — in other words, going through puberty — it becomes apparent to the feminist-minded viewer why two adult men are called in to slap her around for much of the third act. People are convinced that something spooky is going on with girls; that, once they reach a certain age, they lose their adorable innocence and start tapping into something powerful and forbidden.
In our society, women's sexuality and the occult remain two subjects many people understand less well than they should — and we fear what we don't understand. It makes sense that these two should be combined, or serve as metaphors for one another, in our films and fiction.
The question remains: why do we fear teenage girls so much? I've seen this asked many times, but haven't found a comprehensive answer. Certainly, it is a topic we revisit in horror films. What's interesting is, some films are obviously there to allow people to explore these fears in a safe, fictional way. And other films — such as The Craft — help teenage girls come to grips with fears about how their bodies and minds are changing as they enter adolescence and, eventually, adulthood. Although it would be great to leave these fears behind, we haven't — and this is how we're dealing with it, for now.
Do these films contribute to actual girl-hatred and girl-fear in our culture? Or do they simply reflect and (hopefully) exorcise the fear that already exists? I suspect it's more the latter. What do you think?


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Jeanine Helena Buchanan
IONIA,IA/LODI – Jeanine Helena Buchanan, age 58, of Ionia, IA, passed away on Sunday, February 17, 2013 at Covenant Hospital in Waterloo, IA.
Jeanine was born September 18, 1954 to Arthur and Darlene (Hawley) Paske of Rio, WI. She married Dale Buchanan May 8, 1971 and mutually agreed on divorce in November of 1984. She resided in Portage, WI for many years before moving to Iowa. She resided with her dear friend Jerry Carpenter the last twelve years of her life. She was a homemaker who never complained and enjoyed a simple way of life. She always sent out greeting cards to family for every holiday. She cared so much that she even made them up in advance so she didn't forget
Survivors include her companion, Jerry Carpenter of Ionia, IA; two sons, David Buchanan of Stoughton, WI and Darwin Buchanan of Waterloo, WI; three grandsons, Zachary, Jacob and Ethan; ex-husband, Dale Buchanan of Dane, WI; step-mother, Edith Paske of Madison, WI. She is also survived by three brothers, Vernon Paske and family of Lodi, WI, Steve Paske and family of Fort Atkinson, WI and Allen Paske and family of St. Cloud, FL plus many aunts, uncles, nieces, and nephews across the country. She was preceded in death by her mother and father; sisters, Linda Paske (infant), Diane Barger and Sharon Rowely.
We would like to thank Chickasaw County health aide service workers Teri and Cindy, the staff at Ravenwood nursing and rehab and the ICU staff at Covenant Hospital for all they did to help Jeanine thru this difficult time.
A memorial service will be held in Lodi, WI this spring to celebrate her life and all the lives she has touched. She will be missed greatly as she had an impact on so many lives
The Lord is my light and my salvation—
whom shall I fear? Psalm 27
Online condolences may be made at www.gundersonfh.com
Hamre Gunderson Funeral & Cremation Care
157 S. Main Street, Lodi
A memorial service will be held in Lodi, WI this spring to celebrate her life and all the lives she has touched.


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The Florida Bar
Standing Committees
Florida Probate Rules
The scope and function of the Florida Probate Rules Committee is to carry out the mandate of Rule 2.140, Florida Rules of Judicial Administration, concerning the proposal of new rules of procedure and changes to existing rules.
See the Rules of Procedure page for full text of the rules and any proposed amendments.
Florida Probate Rules Committee page.
[Revised: 7-1-2016]


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The future of law enforcement lies in your hands in this classic PlayStation title.
- Restore peace to Earth in the year 2089 as a member of the newly formed G-Police unit.
- Maintain law and order in a world mired in greed, corruption and violence.
- Jump into one of the most complex flying machines ever built – the DASA Kamov Havoc gunship – and prepare to embark on a series of daring missions.


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- April 21: Volkswagen Sentenced to 3 Years Probation in Emissions Scheme news | 10 days ago
- April 1: Volkswagen UK Complaints Continue After Emissions Repairs news | 30 days ago
- March 25: VW Sedric Looks Like an Evil Lunchbox news | 37 days ago
- March 18: No Bail For Volkswagen Executive Oliver Schmidt news | 44 days ago
- March 18: Volkswagen Touareg, Audi A5 and S5 Cabriolet Recalled recalls | 44 days ago
1998 Volkswagen GTI
brakes Problems
Worst 1998 GTI brakes Problems
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text: Embodying high-end yet versatile style, Newport Cottages line of bedroom, living room, nursery and children's room furniture offers a comfortable, relaxed aesthetic with modern and traditional elements. Marked by timeless simplicity, the design of this home collection's beds, bookcases, storage furnishings, and more deliver intriguing appeal with carved appliqués, turned legs, and bead board paneling in customizable hand-rubbed stains and colorful painted finishes. Expertly crafted, each piece is bench made in the USA using only select hardwoods.


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"VENGEANCE is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord!" Of all the texts of scripture, that is the one that kept saying itself over and over again to my heart, as I sat that morning listening in respectful silence, while Lady Lancaster went on purring about Lady Brandreth's crochet needles, and the fleecy wool she had to send to Glasgow for—could not get it in England, my dear, tried every shop in Regent Street.
Do you know that after all my blustering and threats and big resolutions, I am beginning to think that I must leave that said vengeance in the hands of Him to whom it appertains; that I must not meddle with the attributes of the Omnipotent. I have cooled down from my page: 248 first fever of indignant hate. I am not the stuff of which Jaels are made. My fingers would have trembled so that I could never have hammered the nail into my prostrate enemy's tired brows. I should have fallen to pitying him; lying there so weary, so helpless, so trustful. I am beginning to doubt whether I will bring the last of the old name—name for ever hallowed by my father's having worn it, to disgrace and shame, whether despite all her misdoings, I will turn her out adrift and homeless on the world.
I am beginning to see my own sins very clearly, and not only other people's. Will not Dolly's tormenting presence in my house, the sound of her silky voice, the sight of her subtle beauty triumphing over the ruins of my life, be a fit penance for my own wickedness? Can any expiation be too hard, too bitter, for the woman who fell so low, as to ask another man to run away with her from her husband? who was only saved from utter shipwreck by the untainted nobility of soul, the self‐ selfless page: 249 less devotion and honour of her lover himself.
"Your sister Dorothea had a charming crochet tricoter, pattern, when last she was here, my dear, she seemed a beautiful worker, quite different from you, Nell; by‐the‐by, I am afraid that the hunting season will be over before poor dear Hugh's waistcoat is finished; she will be a great assistance to me, I fancy, when she comes to us next week. Did she say what day we were to expect her, my dear?"
"Have you written to her, my love? because if not, had not you better go and do so immediately?"
"There's plenty of time," I say indolently, "it is not near post hour."
"There is never any use in procrastination, my dear, as my dear mother used often to say to me, when I was your age, and besides, I shall want you to come and pay a few calls with me this afternoon. You really must try and exert yourself a little more than you do, Nell; there is some‐ something page: 250 thing almost lethargic about you at times."
So I retire and write a little icy note to my sister; telling her that my husband bids me say she is welcome to come any day she chooses, and that I am hers her's sincerely, Eleanor Lancaster.
The day of Dolly's advent comes, and the carriage is sent to the station for her. Hugh had suggested to me, to go to meet her in it; an honour which I steadfastly persist in declining. Lady Lancaster is writing letters in her own room, almost effacing with her long old nose the characters that she forms with her fingers. I am buried in an arm‐chair in my boudoir, reading a novel. It interests me rather, for it is all about a married woman, who ran away from her husband and suffered the extremity of human ills in consequence. I have made several steps in morality of late I flatter myself, but even now, I can hardly imagine that I should have been very miserable if Dick had taken me away with him.
The naughty matron is just dying of a broken heart and starvation in a Peni‐ Penitentiary page: 251 tentiary, when I hear carriage wheels. Postponing the last dying speech and confession of the faded flower, I jump up, run to the window, and peep behind the blinds. I am in time to see Dolly descend gracefully—my sister can get in and out of a carriage with any woman in England, not so easy an accomplishment as one might think—and hold out two little black hands effusively to Hugh.
Dolly gives one an impression of extreme blackness altogether. "Poor dear Papa" is written all over her, in best paramatta and deepest crape. Even the slender shapely legs that I caught a glimpse of a minute ago on the carriage step, look as if they belonged unmistakeably to a mourner.
"Nell! Nell!" shouts my domestic Stentor, but I respond not. Then I hear my husband's and sister's voices approaching me.
"She's not here, I'm sure," Hugh is saying, "or she would have answered when I called; she always does; she's out, I'm afraid." He opens the boudoir door. "She is here after all; why, old woman, what has page: 252 become of your manners? come and say how do you do to Dolly?"
Dolly is advancing rapidly to precipitate herself on my neck, but something in my face keeps her back, and alters her intention.
"How do you do?" I say very coldly, not even holding out my hand to her.
Hugh looks from one to the other puzzled and uncomfortable.
"Well, I suppose you two have got a hundred and one things to say to one another, and would only be wishing me at the other end of nowhere if I were to stop, so I'll make myself scarce," he says cheerfully, and then he goes out, and shuts the door behind him.
We stand opposite each other like two fighting cocks for a minute or so; then Dolly sinks into a chair.
"As you don't appear to intend to invite me to take a seat, I suppose I must invite myself," she says, smiling; "you certainly have the manière prévenante, Nell, which is becoming so rapidly extinct."
"I have; have I?"page: 253
"You know how to welcome the coming, and I should imagine also how to speed the parting guest."
"I do, do I?"
The delicate carnation is deepening in my sister's cheeks; those cheeks that look smoother and clearer than ever in their crape setting.
"I hardly know how to break the news to you, but I'm afraid I shall not be able to trespass on your hospitality long."
"Hm! are you going to betake yourself to a better world?" I ask ironically; "you certainly are too good for this."
"I'm going to make a home for myself!" says my sister, with calm triumph; "I am going to marry Lord Stockport."
I stand for a moment dumb‐foundered, aghast. Where, where is my story‐book code of morality? Where is the whipping for the naughty boy? Here is a young woman who has told lies, has forged, has wrecked the happiness of her sister's whole life, and she is punished; how?—why by marrying a lord with £80,000 page: 254 a year. Truly poetic justice is confined to poetry indeed; and comes down never to the prose dealings of every day life.
"Lord Stockport!" I ejaculate, "happy man!"
An angry scintillation flashes from Dolly's superb black eyes.
"He is to be pitied, isn't he, poor man? his wife cannot bring him the ample stock of affection and fidelity that Sir Hugh Lancaster's did him! Of course not! that goes without saying."
"She can bring him a large stock of accomplishments though!" I say quickly, breathing short and hard.
Miss Lestrange looks as if she did not exactly see the drift of this observation; she says "Après?" interrogatively.
"Lady Stockport's list of talents will be longer than Desdemona's even;" I say very bitterly. "So delicate with her needle! an admirable musician!—oh, she would sing the savageness out of a bear—of so high and plenteous a wit and invention—and can imitate her neighbour's handwriting so excellently."page: 255
Dolly gives a start, a perceptible start, but recovers herself immediately.
"What do you mean?" she asks quietly; "you ought to be published with a key or a commentary!" But I see her fingers tightening their hold upon the back of her chair.
I go over to my writing table, and take out a letter. "This is what I mean!" I say, very slowly, holding it up before her; "I am sure Lord Stockport will prize the gift of your hand all the more, when he sees how clever it is! I intend to keep this to show him!"
The carmine retires rather rapidly from my sister's cheeks, and from her full lips also as she scans the document.
"Are you quite so sure that you will be Lady Stockport now?" I ask very softly.
We are silent a minute; then Dolly says very sharply—none of the old sweetness in her tone, "How did you get this? you must have been seeing that man again?"
It is not a bad idea carrying the war into the enemies' quarters, is it?
"It is not much matter to you how I got page: 256 it; it is enough for you to know that I have got it."
"Of course! of course! only it is a pity that any detail should be wanting to complete such a pretty story."
"It will be quite complete enough for Lord Stockport, I daresay!" I say very drily.
"And for Hugh?" asks Dolly, with a little vicious smile.
"We will be impartial!" I say coldly, "they shall both hear it."
Dolly laughs softly, and the colour comes back with a deeper, fuller rush to her face. "Resurrection of Daddy Long‐legs! a tragedy in two acts," she says derisively. If I have expected to overwhelm my sister with the damning proofs of her guilt, I am disappointed. As the petrel is popularly supposed to rejoice in the storm, so Dolly appears almost to riot in the war of the moral elements; "to be put on the boards of the Wentworth theatre, what day, Nell? let us be exact!"
"To‐day!" I cry, raising my voice, my hard kept composure giving way, and page: 257 merging into honest passionate anger, "there is never any use in delaying the exposure of crime."
"Impossible, my dear!" says my sister, with a shrug, "one of the principal actors will be absent. Stockport does not come till Saturday!"
"Poor man!" I say compassionately, "it will be a pleasant surprise for him discovering that his wife is a forger." Dolly subsides into gravity.
"I never objected to people calling a spade a spade; I suppose I am a forger; but to my thinking, the end justifies the means, and has done so in this case; there is one commandment I am sorry for having broken, and only one!"
"The eleventh, peculiarly appropriated to woman's use. 'Thou shall not be found out!'" replies Dolly with composure.
"Unfortunately you have broken it!" I say, struggling to emulate her calmness, "and now you must pay the penalty!"
"Don't let us have any threatening, it page: 258 is not lady‐like; let us be lady‐like whatever we are!" says Dolly, standing up, and sweeping gracefully over towards the door. "Have me up for forgery if you like—'Scandal in high life;' it would make the fortune of the Nantford Advertiser; drag the old name through the dirt; it will annoy you far more than it will me, to tell you the truth. I have never been very much in love with either Stockport or respectability, so that the loss of neither will quite break my heart."
A knock at the door.
"May I come in?" in an old croaky voice, and without waiting for permission, a long reddish nose, a pair of gold‐rimmed spectacles and a beard make their appearance.
We both look rather foolish, like little naughty boys whose pockets have been found bulging with the illicit marble, or the succulent bull's‐eye in church. Simultaneously, we vault off our high horses.
"I am afraid, I'm interrupting a pleasant tête‐à‐tête!" says the old lady, pokerishly, "but I heard your voice, my page: 259 dear Dorothea, and I thought I must come in and just say how d'ye do to you. Are not you very tired after your journey, my dear child? those cross lines are so fatiguing; so many changes, and having to look after your own luggage too. I suppose it is an old fashioned notion on my part, but I never can reconcile myself to the idea of young people travelling alone. So many unpleasant contretemps have occurred of late, too; no communication between the carriages, and since that dreadful affair of Mr. Briggs too!"
"You did not interrupt us at all, dear Lady Lancaster," says Dolly, whom the old woman's babble has given time to recover her aplomb; "we had nearly finished our chat, hadn't we, Nell?"


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Designed for the music aficionado who likes to make a statement, and in homage to the lost importance of album art, Playbutton is an electronic music player that functions as a single album to wear and listen to. The button contains music that is pre-recorded and can't be changed or downloaded. The back of the button has a pinback for wearability, play, pause, skip, and volume controls.
Audio output and battery charging (it runs on a rechargeable lithium-ion battery) share one jack, and the button can show off album art or any other design that might correspond to your music of choice. The buttons will be ready for production next month. Email email@example.com for pricing and orders.


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|GemFire 6.0.1
|Interface Summary
|Supports modification of certain region attributes after the region has been created.
|Caches are obtained from static methods on the
CacheFactory class.
|User-defined objects that can be plugged into caching to receive callback notifications.
|A region- or entry-related event affecting the cache.
|A listener to handle region or entry related events.
|Allows data from outside of the VM to be placed into a region.
|Defines common statistics information for both region and entries.
|The CacheTransactionManager interface allows applications to manage
transactions on a per
Cache basis.
|A user-defined object defined in the
RegionAttributes that is
called synchronously before a region or entry in the cache is
ClientSession represents a client session on the server.
|This is the contract that a
custom-expiry element must honor.
|An object that can be described in a declarative caching XML file.
|Immutable parameter object for describing how region entries should be written to disk.
DynamicRegionListener is an interface that can be
implemented to handle dynamic region-related events.
|Contains information about an event affecting an entry, including its identity and the the circumstances of the event.
|Gemfire Context passed to
PartitionedResolver to compute the
data location
|The EvictionAttributesMutator allows changes to be made to a
InterestRegistrationEvent encapsulated interest
event information like region and keys of interest.
InterestRegisterationListener can be implemented
to be notified of interest registration and unregistration.
|Provides a set of APIs to help the
implementation of the
CacheLoader load method.
|Attributes that define the partitioned character of a Partitioned Region.
|Implementers of interface
PartitionResolver enable custom
partitioning on the
|Manages subregions and cached data.
|A key-value pair containing the cached data in a region.
|Defines attributes for configuring a region.
|Contains information about an event affecting a region, including its identity and the circumstances of the event.
|A listener that can be implemented to handle region membership events.
|A listener that can be implemented to handle region reliability membership events.
|Contains information about an event affecting a region reliability, including its identity and the circumstances of the event.
SerializedCacheValue represents a serialized cache value.
|An event that describes the culmination of an entire transaction.
|The TransactionId interface is a "marker" interface that represents a unique GemFire transaction.
|A listener that can be implemented to handle transaction related events.
|Class Summary
|Creates instances of
|A factory class that must be used to obtain instances of
|Enumerated type for region data policy.
|Factory for getting DiskWriteAttribute objects
|DynamicRegionFactory provides a distributed region creation service.
|Configuration for dynamic region factory.
|The action that an
EvictionAlgorithm takes.
|The algorithm used to determine when to perform an
|Attributes that describe how a
Region's size is managed
through an eviction controller.
|Enumerated type for expiration actions.
|Immutable parameter object for accessing and setting the attributes associated with
timeToLive and
|Enumerated type for region subscription interest policy.
InterestResultPolicy is an enumerated type for a
register interest result.
|Specifies how access to the region is affected when one or more required roles are lost.
|Configuration attributes for defining reliability requirements and behavior
for a
|Deprecated. as of GemFire 5.0, use
DataPolicy instead.
|Enumerated type for an event operation.
A factory that creates instances of
PartitionAttributes which are
used to create a partitioned
RegionFactory is a factory that encapsulates the following
four steps to simplify
Region creation.
|Provides information on presence or absence of a
required roles.
|Specifies how the region is affected by resumption of reliability when one or more missing required roles return to the distributed membership.
|Enumerated type for region distribution scope.
|Configuration attributes for defining subscriber requirements and behavior
for a
|Exception Summary
|Indicates that the caching system has been closed.
|A generic exception, which indicates a cache error has occurred.
|Thrown when attempting to create a
Cache if one already exists.
|Thrown from the
CacheLoader.load(com.gemstone.gemfire.cache.LoaderHelper method indicating that an error
occurred when a CacheLoader was attempting to load a value.
|A generic runtime exception that indicates a cache error has occurred.
|An exception thrown by a
CacheWriter method.
|Thrown when a problem is encountered while parsing a declarative caching XML file.
|Thrown when a commit fails due to a write conflict.
|Indicates that an attempt to notify required participants of a transaction
involving one or more regions that are configured with
MembershipAttributes may have failed.
|Thrown when a commit fails to complete due to errors
|Indicates that an
IOException during a disk region operation.
|Indicates that a method was invoked on an entry that has been destroyed.
|Thrown when attempting to create a
Region.Entry that already
exists in the
|Thrown when an operation is invoked on
Region for an entry that
doesn't exist in the
|Deprecated. this class is no longer in use
|Thrown when a cache transaction fails to register with the
UserTransaction (aka JTA transaction), most likely the
cause of the
|An exception thrown by a
IncompatibleVersionException that the client version
was not compatible with the server version.
|Indicates a low memory condition either on the local or a remote
|Indicates that this client cannot contact any queue servers and therefore cannot perform operations that require a queue, such as registering interest.
|Indicates that this client cannot contact any servers and therefore cannot perform operations that require subscriptions, such as registering interest.
|Indicates that the operation that would have otherwise affected the cache has been aborted.
|Indicates a failure to perform a distributed operation on a Partitioned Region after multiple attempts.
|Description of the conditions under which this exception is thrown
When a
PartitionedRegionStorageException message contains
the string:
There are not enough data store members to create a bucket.
|Indicates that an attempt to access the region has failed.
|Indicates that the region has been destroyed.
|Indicates that an attempt to send a distributed cache event to one or more
required roles may have
|Indicates that the requested region already exists when a region is being created.
|Indicates that the region has been reinitialized.
|Indicates that a
Region reliability failure has occurred.
|A Generic exception to indicate that a resource exception has occurred.
RoleException is the superclass of those exceptions
that can be thrown to indicate a reliability failure on one or more
regions that have been configured with required roles using
|Thrown if statistics are requested when statistics are disabled on the region.
|Thrown when a commit operation of a JTA enlisted cache transaction fails
|Thrown if a
netSearch times out without getting a response back from a cache,
or when attempting to acquire a distributed lock.
UnsupportedVersionException indicates an unsupported version.
VersionException is an exception that indicates
a client / server version mismatch exception has occurred.
Provides an implementation of distributed object caching that can leverage GemFire's distribution capabilities. Refer to the programmer's guide for performance guidelines.
Function execution facilitates movement of behavior in the form of
Functions executed using the
Function Execution Service. A Function may generate results from
parallel execution on many members
, or several Cache Servers, or perhaps evaluating
Region data. A ResultCollector collects and
possibly processes those results for consumption. For more information look to the
com.gemstone.gemfire.cache.execute package.
GemFire's distributed caching implementation allows application data to be efficiently shared among multiple threads in a VM, multiple VMs running on the same physical machine, and multiple VMs running on multiple machines. Cached data resides in "regions" whose contents are stored in a VM's heap.
CacheFactory class provides
the entry point to the caching API. A
CacheFactory is
configured to create a "cache instance" that resides in the VM. The cache may configured
to be part of a
Application data is cached in a "region". The
RegionFactory class provides the simpliest
entry point into the Region
Region implements
however, it also provides caching behavior such as data loading,
eviction control, and distribution. Every region has a name and
regions may be nested to provide a cache-naming hierarchy ("parent
regions" with "subregions"). The root regions of the naming hierarchy
(that is, the regions with no parent) are obtained with the
Cache.getRegion(java.lang.String) method.
Region properties such as the region's cache loader, data policy, and
storage model are specified by an instance of
RegionAttributes. A region
RegionAttributes object can be specified when creating a
Region data can be partitioned across many distributed system members to create one large logical heap.
PartitionAttributes are used to configure
a partitioned region. A partitioned region can be configured to be
highly available, surviving the loss of one or more system members, by
maintaining copies of data. These extra copies also benefit read operations by
allowing load balancing across all the copies.
Partitioned Regions have the added feature of allowing storage sizes larger than a single Java VM can provide and with multiple Java VMs comes multiple garbage collectors, improving the performance of the entire Region in the face of a full garbage collection cycle.
Partitioned Regions support custom partitioning with the use of a
PartitionResolver and can be
associated together or
colocated to allow for efficient data usage.
class provides methods to facilitate usage of Partitioned
Regions with other features, for example when used in conjunction with function execution.
As of GemFire 5.8, Partitioned Regions do not support the following GemFire features:
A region contains key/value pairs of objects known as the region's
"entries". The
Region class provides a number of methods for
manipulating the region's entries such as
invalidate, and
destroy . The following
diagram describes the life cycle of a region entry.
A region's scope attribute determines how the region's entries will be distributed to other caches. A region with local scope will not distribute any of its changes to any other members of the distributed system, nor will it receive changes when another cache instance is updated.
When a change (such as a
put or
invalidate) is made to a region with non-local scope,
that change is distributed to the other members of the distributed
system that have created that region in their cache instance. There
are three kinds of distributed scope, each of which guarantees a
different level of consistency for distributed data. "Global"
scope provides the highest level of data consistency by obtaining a
distributed lock on a region entry before propagating a change to other
members of the distributed system. With globally-scoped regions, only
one thread in the entire distributed system may modify the region entry at a
"Distributed ACK" scope provides slightly weaker data consistency
than global scope. With distributed ACK scope, the method that
modifies the region (such as a call to
Region.destroy(K)) will not return until an
acknowledgment of the change has been received from every member of
the distributed system. Multiple threads may modify the region
concurrently, but the modifying thread may proceed knowing that its
change to the region has been seen by all other members.
"Distributed NO ACK" scope provides the weakest data consistency of all the scopes, but also provides the best performance. A method invocation that modifies a region with distributed NO ACK scope will return immediately after it has updated the contents of the region in its own cache instance. The updates are distributed asynchronously.
The contents of a region (that is, the region's key/value pairs) may be stored in either the JVM's heap or on a disk drive.
A region's "data policy" attribute determines if data is stored in the local cache. The normal policy will store region data in the local cache. The empty policy will never store region data in the local cache. They act as proxy regions that distribute write operations to others and receive events from others. The replication policies may reduce the number of net searches that a caching application has to be perform, and can provide a backup mechanism. The replicated region initializes itself when it is created with the keys and value of the region as found in other caches. The replicate policy simply store the relicate data in memory and the the persistent replicate policy stores the data in memory and disk.
GemFire supports several modes of region persistence as determined
by the
RegionAttributes.getEvictionAttributes()'s eviction action and persistBackup configuration attributes. The following table
summarizes the different modes and their configuration.
|eviction controller
|No eviction controller or a eviction controller with an eviction action other than "overflow to disk"
|No Disk
|The cache
Region persists no data to the disk.
This is the default configuration.
|An eviction controller using an EvictionAlgorithm with an eviction action of overflow to disk.
|Disk for overflow
|Once the amount of data stored in the region exceeds the eviction controller's threshold, least recently used data is written to disk and removed from the VM until the region's size is below the threshold.
|No evcition controller or an eviction controller with an eviction action other than "overflow to disk"
|Disk for persistence
|All data in the region is scheduled to be written to disk as soon as it is placed in the region. Thus, the data on disk contains a complete backup of the region. No information about recently used data is maintained and, therefore, the size of the VM will continue to grow as more data is added to the region. "Disk for persistence" mode is appropriate for situations in which the user wants to back up a region whose data fits completely in the VM.
|An eviction controller using an EvictionAlgorithm with an eviction action of overflow to disk.
|Disk for overflow and persistence
|All data in the region is scheduled to be written to disk as soon as it is placed in the region. But unlike "disk for persistence" mode, least recently used data will only be removed from the VM once the eviction controller's threshold is reached.
There are several things to keep in mind when working with regions that store data on disk.
invalidate and
Region.destroy(K)) that remove data from the
cache also remove data from disk. In order for data to be removed
from the VM and not from disk, EvictionAction.OVERFLOW_TO_DISK
overflow} must be used.
will be created. These files are deleted automatically when they
are no longer being used. If a VM crashes it may not clean up its
overflow files. In that case they will be cleaned up the next time
the same region is created.
ExpirationAction), it will also be destroyed on disk.
A put on a region
that is configured to have a disk "backup" (
true) will result in the immediate scheduling of a
disk write according to the region's
(synchronous or asynchronous).
The actual backup data is stored in each of the specified disk
directories. If any one of these directories runs out of space then
any further writes to the backed up region will fail with a
DiskAccessException. The actual file names begin with
KEYS_. If you wish to store a backup in another location
or offline, then all of these files need to be saved. All of the files
in the same directory must always be kept together in the same directory.
It is ok to change the directory name.
When a region with a disk backup is created, it initializes itself with a "bulk load" operation that reads region entry data from its disk files. Note that the bulk load operation does not create cache events and it does not send update messages to other members of the distributed system. Additionally, bulk loading reads only the keys of the region entries and not the values. Entry values will be lazily read into the VM as they are requested.
A common high-availability scenario may involve replicated regions that are configured to have disk backups. When a replicated backup region is created in a distributed system that already contains a replicated backup region, GemFire optimizes the initialization of the backup region by streaming the contents of the backup file to the region being initialized. If there is no other replicated backup region in the distributed system, the backup file for the region being initialized may contain stale data. (That is, the value of region entries may have changed while the backup VM was down.) In this situation, the region being initialized will consult other VMs in the distributed system to obtain an up-to-date version of the cached data.
A cache loader
allows data from outside of the VM to be placed into a region. When
Region.get(K) is called for a region
entry that has a
null value, the
load method of the
region's cache loader is invoked. The
load method
creates the value for the desired key by performing an operation such
as a database query. The
load may also perform a
search that will look for the value in a cache instance hosted by
another member of the distributed system.
If a region was not created with a user-specified cache loader, the
get operation will, by default, perform a special
variation of net search: if the value cannot be found in any of the
members of the distributed system, but one of those members has
defined a cache loader for the region, then that remote cache loader
will be invoked (a "net load") and the loaded value returned to the
requester. Note that a net load does not store the loaded value in
the remote cache's region.
CacheWriter is a type of event handler
that is invoked synchronously before the cache is modified, and has
the ability to abort the operation. Only one CacheWriter in the distributed system
is invoked before the operation that would modify a cache. A CacheWriter
is typically used to update an external database.
Sometimes cached data has a limited lifetime. The region attributes regionTimeToLive, regionIdleTimeout, entryTimeToLive, and entryIdleTimeout, specify how data is handled when it becomes too old. There are two conditions under which cache data is considered too old: data has resided unchanged in a region for a given amount of time ("time to live") and data has not been accessed for a given amount of time ("idle time"). GemFire's caching implementation launches an "expiration thread" that periodically monitors region entries and will expire those that have become too old. When a region entry expires, it can either be invalidated, destroyed, locally invalidated, or locally destroyed.
interface provides callback methods that are invoked synchronously in
response to certain operations (such as a
put or
invalidate) being performed on a region. The event
listener for a region is specified with the
setCacheListener method. Each callback method on the
CacheListener receives a
CacheEvent describing the operation
that caused the callback to be invoked and possibly containing information
relevant to the operation
(such as the old and new values of a region entry).
Before a new entry is created in a region, the region's eviction controller
is consulted. The eviction controller may perform some action on the region (usually an
action that makes the region smaller) based on certain criteria. For
instance, an eviction controller could keep track of the sizes of the
entry values. Before a new entry is added, the eviction controller
could remove the entry with the largest value to free up space in
the cache instance for new data. GemFire provides
EvictionAttributes that will create an eviction controller
that destroys the "least recently used" Region Entry once the Region
exceeds a given number of entries.
CacheStatistics class
provides statistics information about the usage of a region or entry.
Statistics are often used by eviction controllers to determine which
entries should be invalidated or destroyed when the region reaches its
maximum size.
A "caching XML file" declares regions, entries, and attributes. When
Cache is created its contents can be initialized
according to a caching XML file.
The Document Type Definition for a declarative cache XML file can
be found in
"doc-files/cache5_0.dtd" and examples of
declarative cache XML files can be found here, here, and here.
Client/Server CachingBack to Top
GemFire caches can be configured in a client/server hierarchy. In this configuration, GemFire cache regions are configured as clients to regions in GemFire server caches running in a separate distributed system. The GemFire servers are generally run as cacheserver processes. Client regions are configured with a "pool" that manages connections to the server caches. When a client updates its region, the update is forwarded to the server. When a client get results in a local cache miss, the get request is forwarded to the server. The clients may also subscribe to server-side events.
The GemFire cache supports transactions providing enhanced data consistency across multiple Regions. GemFire Transactions are designed to run in a highly concurrent environment and as such have optimistic conflict behavior. They are optimistic in the sense that they assume little data overlap between transactions. Using that assumption, they do not reserve entries that are being changed by the transaction until the commit operation. For example, when two transactions operate on the same Entry, the last one to commit will detect a conflict and fail to commit. The changes made by the successful transaction are only available to other threads after the commit has finished, or in other words GemFire Transactions exhibit Read Committed behavior.
To provide application integration with GemFire transactions, a
TransactionListener with associated
TransactionEvents is provided as a
attribute. The listener is notified of commits, both failed and
successful as well as explicit rollbacks. When a commit message is
received by a distributed member with the same Region, again the
TransactionListener is invoked.
GemFire transactions also integrate well with JTA transactions. If a JTA transaction has begun and an existing GemFire transaction is not already present, any transactional region operation will create a GemFire transaction and register it with the JTA transaction, causing the JTA transaction manager to take control of the GemFire commit/rollback operation.
Similar to JTA transactions, GemFire transactions are associated with a thread. Only one transaction is allowed at a time per thread and a transaction is not allowed to be shared amount threads. The changes made changed by a GemFire transaction are distributed to other distributed memebers as per the Region's Scope.
Finally, GemFire transactions allow for the "collapse" of multiple
operations on an Entry, for example if an application destroys an
Entry and follows with a
create operation and then a
put operations, all three operations are combined into
one action reflecting the sum of all three.
Membership AttributesBack to Top
The GemFire region can be configured to require the
presence of one or more user-defined membership roles. Each
Role is assigned to any number of
applications when each application connects to the GemFire distributed
MembershipAttributes are
then used to specify which roles
are required to be online and present in that region's membership
for access to the cache region being configured.
In addition to specifying which roles are required,
MembershipAttributes are used to specify the
LossAction. The loss action determines how
access to the region is affected when one or more required roles are
offline and no longer present in the system membership. The region can be
made completely "NO_ACCESS",
which means that the application cannot read from or write to that region.
"LIMITED_ACCESS" means that the application cannot write to that region.
"FULL_ACCESS" means that the application can read from and write to that
region as normal. If "FULL_ACCESS" is selected,
then the application would only be aware of the missing required role if it
registered a
This listener provides callbacks to notify the application when required
roles are gained or lost, thus providing for custom integration of required
roles with the application.
ResumptionAction defined in the
MembershipAttributes specifies how the application responds
to having a missing required role return to the distributed membership.
results in no special action, while "Reinitialize"
causes the region to be reinitialized. Reinitializing the region will
clear all entries from that region. If it is a replicate, the
region will repopulate with entries available from other distributed
RequiredRoles provides methods to
check for missing required roles for a region and to wait until all required
roles are present. In addition, this class can be used to check if a role
is currently present in a region's membership.
|GemFire 6.0.1