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It is important to always contact your physician or wound specialist before starting any wound care therapy.
Additional Information as Provided by the Manufacturer
Mepilex Transfer is a thin and highly conformable foam dressing that absorbs exudate and maintains a moist wound environment. The Safetac layer seals around the wound edges which prevents exudate from leaking onto the surrounding skin, thus minimizing the risk for maceration. As the Safetac layer seals around the wound, the foam structure of Mepilex Transfer allows the exudate to move vertically into a secondary absorbent pad, maintaining a moist wound environment. The Safetac layer ensures atraumatic dressing changes. Mepilex Transfer can be cut to suit various wound shapes and locations.
Benefits of Mepilex Transfer
Areas of use:
Mepilex Transfer is designed for a wide range of exuding wounds such as fungating tumors, epidermolysis Bullosa (EB), donor sites, venous leg ulcers. Mepilex Transfer can also be used as a protective layer on non-exuding wounds and/or large areas with fragile skin.
Instructions for use
Frequency of change
Mepilex Transfer may be left in place for several days depending on the condition of the wound and the surrounding skin, or as indicated by accepted clinical practice. A change in dressing regimen can result in an initial change in the level of wound exudate. On infected wounds the dressing should be changed at least daily until infection is controlled.
Mepilex Transfer should be stored in dry conditions below 95�F (35�C). If exposed to direct sunlight, Mepilex Transfer may discolor, although this will not adversely affect the dressing.
Sterility is guaranteed unless inner package is damaged or opened prior to use. Do not re-sterilize.
Overnight or 2nd Day shipping is available on this item at an additional charge. View full Shipping and Delivery Policy.
This item will ship either UPS or USPS. Please provide a shipping address that can accept deliveries from either service.
Returns and Exchanges: You may return this item as long as it has been unopened and unused. Please carefully package your return to protect the product and the packaging. View Return Policy
While we cannot administer medical advice, our Customer Service Team members are available to assist you with the ordering of Mepilex Transfer Dressings or other medical supplies. Our toll-free number is 1-866-774-9513 Monday through Friday, 9:00 am to 5:00 pm CST (7:00 am to 3:00 pm PST / 10:00 am to 6:00 pm EST). If you prefer to correspond by email, our address is email@example.com.
Midtown Health offers high quality Pacifica Exam Gloves to be worn while cleaning the wound and changing dressings. After consulting your physician, products such as Blairex Sterile Wound Wash Saline or Sea-Clens are good options for wound cleansing. Many of our customers have reported excellent results using Puracyn Skin and Wound Cleanser OTC (formerly Microcyn OTC). Puracyn OTC is an innovative new approach to wound care promoting faster healing time. It is a non-irritating, pH-balanced wound cleanser for minor cuts, burns, irritations, and superficial abrasions of the skin.
After the wound has closed, proven scar treatments such as Cica-Care, Mepiform, or Kelo-Cote will improve the appearance of scars and prevent abnormal or excessive scar formation. Always consult your physician or wound care specialist before starting any wound care treatment program.
We also carry supplies for compression wrapping such as Comprilan, Elastoplast, and Jobst Cover-Roll.
|BSN-Jobst Comprilan Short Stretch Bandage 4cm x 5m
|Pacifica Tri-Poly Non-Latex Exam Gloves (Box of 100)
|Arm & Hammer Simply Saline Wound Wash Saline (7.1 oz.)
|Puracyn OTC Wound and Skin Care Spray Bottle (8 oz.)
|Smith & Nephew Cica-Care Silicone Gel Sheet (5"x6") (One Sheet)
Robin Sharps
5 Stars
I would recommend this item to a friend.
Mepilex Transfer
August 4, 2014
Mepilex Transfer is great for people with wounds in odd spots on their body. My mom has Bullous Pemphigoid where blisters pop-up any place on the body. The Mepilex is great for that and application and removal is easy, and it also helps with the healing process. I would recommend this product to anyone with wounds relating especially to Bullous Pemphigoid.


text:
By Ginna Parsons/NEMS Daily Journal
Health food stores are chock full of supplements, vitamins and protein drinks. But walk into one in or near Tupelo and ask the owners to help you get healthy in 2013, and they're all going to say the same thing.
First, change your diet.
"Processed foods are the worst thing you can eat," said Debi Golebiewski, owner of Healing Ways Nutrition Shoppe, which opened late last year in Saltillo. "They're higher in chemicals, cholesterol, high-fructose corn syrup. You need to avoid all the chemicals and additives you can."
Michelle Barbieri at The Health Food Store in Tupelo agreed.
"You want to eat more whole foods, whole grains and non-genetically modified foods," she said. "Studies are showing that mice fed genetically modified rice and corn now have tumors. Reduce your use of processed foods and totally take high-fructose corn syrup out of your diet just like you do trans fats."
Susie Buskirk, owner of Healthy Habits in Tupelo, which opened in 1986, said this time of year, people come in her store and say they actually want to eat better. They ask her for ways to get more good things into their diets.
"Most of them start by buying beans and lentils for protein," she said. "They want to buy organic or less processed. They say this time, they're going to stick with it, this time they're ready to change for good."
Mark and Bruce Welch, co-owners of Sunshine Health Foods, the oldest health food store in Tupelo, are likely to emphasize the importance of exercise as well. The brothers owned Warehouse Gym in Tupelo for 12 years.
"Getting healthy is really a combination of diet and exercise," said Mark Welch. "Supplementation can certainly play a role in that. We give personal service, advice, to individuals."
Bruce Welch noted that health food stores have come a long way since theirs opened in 1982.
"We started in the old mall," he said. "We were in business before anybody knew anything about health food. People would come in and snicker. It was quite a challenge at that point in time."
But that's not the story anymore.
"Especially around the first of the year, people flock in here, flock to the gym, trying to get healthy," he said.
Back to nature
The word organic generally describes food that has been grown or processed without the use of chemicals of any sort, including fertilizers, insecticides, additives and artificial coloring or flavoring.
A wide range of organic foods are available today, including fruits, vegetables, meats, grains, herbs, nuts and dairy. You can even buy organic gum, hair dye, lipstick, cooking oils and cleaning products.
"Try to eat as much organically grown food as you can," Barbieri said. "The smaller the load of toxins you put in your body, the better your body will function. Food-related disease is the No. 1 cause of preventable death in the U.S."
The definition of what constitutes a processed food can vary, but it usually refers to foods that are packaged in boxes, cans or bags – in other words, things not normally found in nature.
"If you can grow it, eat it," Golebiewski said. "If you can't, don't."
The Welch brothers sell organic meats, flours and cereals and carry seeds, nuts and dried fruits in bulk.
"We also carry gluten- and wheat-free products," Mark Welch said.
In fact, all the health food stores are attuned to the needs of many of their customers who are gluten- or wheat-intolerant.
"No one diet is perfect for everybody," Barbieri said. "We have vegans, vegetarians, paleos, which are meat eaters, people who eat gluten-free. We don't try to sway people in here. We see a variety of diets."
Buskirk said after people begin to make positive changes in their diets – and get regular exercise –the next most important thing she recommends is a multi-vitamin.
"You're not getting everything from your daily intake, and this is a way to start without changing your whole life," she said.
Golebiewski goes for the immune system.
"Regular doses of Vitamin B12, turmeric, and Vitamins A, C and E will keep your immune system strong," she said. "And fish oil keeps your arteries clean and your heart strong."
Barbieri touts what she calls superfoods – gogi berries, raw cacao, kale and super green powders you can add to meals.
"You have to start phasing out the unhealthy and phasing in the healthy," she said. "Practice instinctive eating. You have to listen to your body when you eat certain foods."

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Universal Fit
PlayaZ N1
If the Playaz N1 were designed with reasonable amount of bass and they could be the steal of the century. In reality I can recommend them for EQ-friendly folks only - stay away if your source does not have a good, user customizable EQ.
In-ear Color-match Headphones
The SHE2637 in-ear headphones give you a perfectly balanced and natural sound. Specially designed vents that channel the air balance the high tones and bass give a more rounded listening experience. The special shape and luxurious materials used for the ear cushions ensure a perfect fit for maximum comfort. They prevent audio leakage and enhance bass performance too. The ear cushions are shaped...


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By Beth Thomas/Southern Sentinel
Rep. Jody Steverson (D-Ripley) is backing House Bill 292 that will ensure Mississippi insurance companies will pay for Autism treatments for autistic children in the state.
Co-authored by Steverson and Rep. Steve Massengill (R-Hickory Flat), the bill, if passed, will offer insurance to help cover the costs of diagnostics, testing and treatment plans to help children cope with and improve symptoms of Autism. The disorder affects one in 88 children in the U.S.
"Passing this bill isn't a political thing; it's a matter of what's right and what's wrong," said Ripley High School teacher and former football coach Quess Hood. Hood's son, Jasper, has Autism. "Parents of autistic children aren't asking insurance agencies to pay for it all, we just need them to help pay for some of it. Our children need more help than what they're getting."
Mississippi public schools provide therapy to autistic children, but Hood said the therapy isn't quite enough. "Children like my son receive therapy at school, and that's good, but he needs more than what the school system can give."


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Wanted: -
SW Customs Album
I saw a sh*t ton of Stormie Mighty Muggs today. Let me know if you guys need them. I saw about 6 of them
thanks Chux Turbo LBC Bobafrett Mtriv73 Rjarvis JF96 JT JMG FB Rogue2 Tycho Slicker Deoxy Caesar JontheJedi JJReason Brandon Solo JMS UK for great deals.
SSG Pro Football Pick em and Bowl Pick em Champ 2006. 2007 NCAA Bracket Champ
#24 - Gone but not forgotten
Heads up: Mighty Muggs Stormtrooper and all 3 Exclusive Comic Packs are IN STOCK at Walmart.com
Just ordered 2 more Mighty Mugg Stormies and 2 more Marine/Keller sets.
[FONT=Arial Narrow]
Thanks, Snags! I grabbed a Keller / Marine set.
By the way - does anyone have a spare ARC-170 Crew set they'd be willing to sell or trade? Loose / sealed, doesn't matter. Thanks!
- Joe
Stashed 2 Hawbat clones and a Lakers R2 at Burbank Target. PM me if interested.
Got me an ARC-170 for $7 this morning. Also for you JLU fans, I ran into Bruce Timm yesterday at lunch. Several of us have worked with him on a few seasons of WB animated stuff so he recognized us and stopped by our table for a brief chat. Really nice guy.


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Main Content
- Hidden zipper closure pocket for laptops
- Inside compartment has additional laptop size pocket and organization center
- Measures approx. 18" x 15" x 7"
- Metal accents on the front
- Heat-sealed graphics
- Large pocket with clip hook and zippered additional pocket
- 100% Polyester
- Woven brand tag
- Cell phone pocket
- Top has small zippered pockets
- Side pocket
- Front small zipper pouch
- Imported
- Adjustable padded straps
- Padded back
- Imported
- Brand: Volcom
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text:
Fanny Wang FW-BUDS-WHI Wang Buds In-Ear Earphones with High Definition Sound and In-Line Microphone with Apple iPod Control - White
Wang Buds are re-kindling the ear bud revolution by providing massive air chambers, combined with two co-axial drivers. This means we move more air than any other ear bud, which translates to thumping natural bass while keeping amazingly clear mids and highs. Plus, the 10mm-16ohm Woofer and the 6mm-16 ohm Tweeter provide amazing clarity across all frequency ranges. Includes soft silicon ear...
iRhythms A-9800 Passive Noise Reducing Ear Bud Headphones
Passive noise reducing ear bud headphones for iPod, white with acrylic finish, 3 sets of custom fit ear sleeves, 1 set of foam fitted ear sleeves, in-line volume control, travel pouch, 9mm neodymium drivers


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Latest Updates
May 9, 2012
Yong Vui Kong, who was 19 when he was first arrested for possessing 47g of heroin in 2007, faces imminent execution.
Press Release
May 9, 2012
The expulsion of an Al-Jazeera journalist from China is part of a wider clampdown on foreign reporters in the country.
Press Release
May 8, 2012
Amnesty International today urges the FARC to immediately and unconditionally release a French journalist, who has been held captive since April 28.
May 8, 2012
After being jailed for leading a seven-year campaign against the forcible land acquisition for a $12b steel plant, Abhay Sahoo was released on bail in early April. h


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Alternate name: Oblong-leaf Snakeherb
Family: Acanthaceae, Acanthus view all from this family
Description Perennial, trumpet-shaped lavender flowers have hairy stems and leaf edges; bloom in paired leaf axils.
Flowers: up to 1 1/2" (4 cm) wide with 5 lobes and dark purple spots on the bottom lobe.
Leaves: directly connected to stems, oval and opposite.
Height: 12" (30 cm).
Flower April through October; year-round in Florida.
Habitat Sandhills and pinelands.
Range Southwestern South Carolina, Georgia and Florida; west through southeastern Alabama and Louisiana.
Discussion Also known as Oblongleaf snakeherb, this plant serves as food for hungry Buckeye butterfly caterpillars and other native caterpillars and easy-care groundcover in Florida where it also blooms year-round.


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CU17 - 2014 Winter Games - Curling - Mens Round RobinSat, February 15, 2014 - 2:00 PMIce Cube Curling Center in Sochi, RUS
We are sorry, the date for this event has already passed. This event took place on 2/15/2014. Click here to view upcoming events for 2014 Winter Games.
Please continue to check back as additional tickets may become available for purchase at a later time.
Still unsure? Check out our user reviews for:
Have a question? Need help? Call us at 800.477.5285


text: If SCOTUS terms were only 10 years, they would vary almost in conjunction with whoever is POTUS. I think 15 might work better ... but "life" is certainly does not seem appropriate. I do wonder that when the Constitution was written that the anticipated lifespan was shorter than today, and it was not anticipated that a SCOTUS would be serving as long as they can today.


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5.7: Earth's Tectonic Plates
"With such wisdom has nature ordered things in the economy of this world, that the destruction of one continent is not brought about without the renovation of the earth in the production of another." — James Hutton, Theory of the Earth, with Proofs and Illustrations, Vol. 1, 1795.
Hutton's quote predates plate tectonics theory by about one-and-a-half centuries, but it seems as if he was talking about divergent and convergent plate boundaries. The next step in understanding the development of plate tectonics theory is to learn what it is that moves around on Earth's surface. It's not really a continent; it's a plate. What is a plate?
What is a Plate?
What portion of Earth makes up the "plates" in plate tectonics? Again, the answer came about in part due to war. In this case, the Cold War.
During the 1950s and early 1960s, scientists set up seismograph networks to see if enemy nations were testing atomic bombs. These seismographs also recorded all of the earthquakes around the planet. The seismic records were used to locate an earthquake's epicenter, the point on Earth's surface directly above the place where the earthquake occurs.
Why is this relevant? It turns out that earthquake epicenters outline the plates. This is because earthquakes occur everywhere plates come into contact with each other.
Earthquakes outline the plates.
The lithosphere is divided into a dozen major and several minor plates (Figure below). A single plate can be made of all oceanic lithosphere or all continental lithosphere, but nearly all plates are made of a combination of both.
The movement of the plates over Earth's surface is termed plate tectonics. Plates move at a rate of a few centimeters a year, about the same rate fingernails grow.
How Plates Move
If seafloor spreading drives the plates, what drives seafloor spreading?
This goes back to Arthur Holmes' idea of mantle convection. Picture two convection cells side by side in the mantle, similar to the illustration in Figure below.
- Hot mantle from the two adjacent cells rises at the ridge axis, creating new ocean crust.
- The top limb of the convection cell moves horizontally away from the ridge crest, as does the new seafloor.
- The outer limbs of the convection cells plunge down into the deeper mantle, dragging oceanic crust as well. This takes place at the deep sea trenches.
- The material sinks to the core and moves horizontally.
- The material heats up and reaches the zone where it rises again.
Mantle convection drives plate tectonics. Hot material rises at mid-ocean ridges and sinks at deep sea trenches, which keeps the plates moving along the Earth's surface.
Mantle convection is shown in these animations:
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0dWF_3PYh4
- http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/eoc/teachers/t_tectonics/p_convection2.html
Plate Boundaries
Plate boundaries are the edges where two plates meet. How can two plates move relative to each other? Most geologic activities, including volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building, take place at plate boundaries. The features found at these plate boundaries are the mid-ocean ridges, trenches, and large transform faults (Figure above).
- Divergent plate boundaries: the two plates move away from each other.
- Convergent plate boundaries: the two plates move towards each other.
- Transform plate boundaries: the two plates slip past each other.
The lithospheric plates and their names. The arrows show whether the plates are moving apart, moving together, or sliding past each other.
The type of plate boundary and the type of crust found on each side of the boundary determines what sort of geologic activity will be found there. We can visit each of these types of plate boundaries on land or at sea.
- The plate in plate tectonics is a large chunk of lithosphere that can carry continental crust, oceanic crust, or some of each.
- Plates can be identified by the locations of earthquake epicenters. At the boundaries of plates are mid-ocean ridges, trenches, and large faults.
- Plates move by seafloor spreading, which is driven by mantle convection.
- Plates meet at plate boundaries. The three types are divergent, convergent, and transform.
Making Connections
Use this resource to answer the questions that follow.
1. Which two plates meet in California?
2. What occurs where two plates meet?
3. What is an ocean ridge?
4. What is a strike-slip fault?
5. What occurs at strike-slip faults?
6. What evidence can be seen in California of the movement of the plates?
1. How does the topography of the seafloor give evidence for seafloor spreading?
2. How does seafloor spreading fit into the idea that continents move about on Earth's surface?
3. How do convection cells drive the plates around Earth's surface?
4. What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Notes/Highlights Having trouble? Report an issue.
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text:
Vacation rentals in Spain (villas, farms, cottages, apartments)
> SlowTrav > Spain > Hotel Reviews
Hotels in Balearic Islands, Spain
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Rich and spicy gorgonzola pairs well with earthy mushrooms in a timeless hot appetizer. Hazelnuts provide a pleasant crunch.
Walnuts or pistachios can be used instead of the hazelnuts.
Arrange the warm mushrooms on a serving platter, and add whole hazelnuts and oregano sprigs for a festive flair.
Italian Gorgonzola is rich and creamy with a mild, yet slightly pungent flavor and aroma. If you can't find Gorgonzola, use blue cheese instead.
© 2017 ®/TM General Mills All Rights Reserved


text:
November 17, 2012
Colorado state Sen. Michael Johnston speaks with Routt County superintendents and other education officials Wednesday at a work session in Oak Creek. Johnston said he was working on a potential 2013 ballot measure aimed at securing more revenue for schools.
Stories this photo appears in:
State senator discusses push for funding with Routt County superintendents
Colorado state Sen. Michael Johnston told Routt County's three superintendents Wednesday in Oak Creek that they should expect to see another push next year to get voters to approve increased education funding.
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text:
I was looking through the NBA records book (since I was reading a bio of Pistol Pete Maravich), and noticed a few:
Dominique Wilkins, at least through the '93-94 seasons, had attempted 1,138 field goals in the playoffs.
Jim Ard scored 1,138 points for his ABA career.
Mel Hutchins played 1,138 total minutes in his playoff and All-Star games.
Magic Johnson, after someone obviously told him that only attempting 1,137 FGs in the '88-89 season was weak, hoisted up 1,138 shots the next year.
In the 1976-77 season, when the opening of Star Wars took place during the playoff run then, Lucius Allen scored... 1,139 points. Oh, so close.
Yeah, and in the NFL, Jake Reed had 1,138 receiving yards in 1997.


text:
ARCH 498F - Spec Proj in Arch
Timely architectural projects undertaken by groups of students. Prerequisite: permission of the department chairperson. A total of 15 hours of credit may be earned, but no more than 6 in any one semester or term. Open only to architecture majors.
College: Architecture and Planning
Hours: 3-6
Permission: Y
Co-requisite: none
Prerequisite: none


text:
Main Content
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$4.99 flat rate shipping and handling. See other shipping options.
Your youngster never ceases to surprise you, so don't be alarmed about his current punk phase. Just keep him suited up in this Lil' Sid hoodie from Metal Mulisha for a hardcore look that won't upset the grandparents. This hoodie features leather jacket-inspired graphics on the front and a large brand graphic on the back.
- 80% Cotton/20% Polyester
- Two front pockets
- Imported
- Rib-knit full zip hoodie
- Screen print graphics
- Soft fleece lining
- Rib-knit cuffs & waist
- No drawstring on hood
- Full Zip
- Imported
- Brand: Metal Mulisha
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text:
Home > News > News Releases > News Release Archive 2012 >
Higher Education Finance Study Finds Increasing Reliance on Student Tuition
Contact: Sandy Connolly, Director of Communications
Office of Higher Education
(651) 259-3902
St. Paul, MN - State Higher Education Executive Officers (SHEEO) today released the results of a study of higher education finance for fiscal year 2011 showing public higher education's increasing reliance on student tuition. The SHEEO report focuses on institutional finance.
As indicated in the report, enrollment in public postsecondary education increased by 2.4% nationwide over the past year, while state support1 per student in constant dollars decreased by nearly 4% and net tuition per student increased by 4.7%.
In Minnesota, public higher education enrollment decreased slightly (less than 1 percent) in 2011, state support decreased by 14% per full-time student in constant dollars, and net tuition2 increased by 12.8% per student in constant dollars, when compared to 2010. As a result, total educational revenue per public student in Minnesota remained about the same between 2010 and 2011.
Information provided for the years 2006-2011 shows state appropriations for public higher education per full-time student in Minnesota decreased by 21%, while spending per full-time student increased between 5 and 6 percent. This gap has been covered by student tuition, which in 2011 comprised 59% of public higher education revenue in Minnesota3. This is an increase of 15 percentage points over 2006, according to SHEEO.
This report, coupled with previous studies on tuition and student debt led to the following observation by Larry Pogemiller, Director of the Minnesota Office of Higher Education:
"Minnesotans are continuing to invest in higher education in spite of decreased state funding," said Pogemiller. "However, to do so, education has had to rely on tuition revenue with students and families borrowing more.
Finding a way to maintain quality while curtailing student debt is one of the most pressing policy issues facing higher education."
For more information, contact Sandy Connolly at the Minnesota Office of Higher Education, 651-2590-3902 or by email at email@example.com.
- For the purpose of this study, state appropriations from agriculture, research and medicine are deducted first for comparative purposes. [ back ]
- The 12.8% is a statewide comparative figure between the University of Minnesota and Minnesota State Colleges and Universities and does not fully account for state-appropriated financial aid. [ back ]
- The national average for net tuition revenue as a percent of total public sector revenue is 43.3%. [ back ]


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Our patent pending search technology crunches data on millions of property records each night to filter and find the best market value opportunities available each morning. Wake up each morning to a list of properties available for sale today that are 20% - 50%+ below market value!
We are dedicated to providing the most accurate real estate values, with tools to help you make stronger, faster and more educated real estate decisions - an edge that can save or make you tens of thousands of dollars.
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text:
Contact: Gordon Helm
News Releases 2003
NOAA Home Page
NOAA Public Affairs
The efforts by Jeri's Seafood and NOAA Fisheries to restore a salt marsh system at Smith Point are included in the award announcement made today by NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries), Ocean Trust and the National Fisheries Institute. Awards totaling $118,315 were announced for nine new community-based habitat and resource restoration projects.
The projects are designed to enhance a variety of marine habitats and fisheries in the coastal areas of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Maryland, Virginia, Texas, Washington and Alaska. Ocean Trust is coordinating the projects, with technical input from NOAA Fisheries regional staff.
"Restoring our coastal environment and commercial fisheries to a healthy level is a major undertaking," said Bill Hogarth, director of NOAA Fisheries. "With the support of Ocean Trust, the National Fisheries Institute and other partners, we are making progress in this area by encouraging the local community to work with us on restoration projects and to raise awareness of the importance of our valuable marine habitats."
Officials encouraged seafood businesses and volunteers to get involved in habitat restoration by submitting proposals during the 2003 project solicitation period that will open on January 15. "We'd like to invite seafood companies, restaurants, retailers and the public to join in this partnership to restore habitat and local fisheries," said Thor Lassen, president of Ocean Trust. "This is a tremendous opportunity to build a strong coalition with public participants to enhance fishery-dependent ecosystems."
All three partners echoed the win-win nature of this public/private partnership, which began in June 2000 with three initial projects. "The commercial fish and seafood industry is committed to the restoration and conservation of important fish habitat," said Justin LeBlanc, National Fisheries Institute vice president for government relations. "Restoring these areas means a healthier coastal environment and improved fisheries for fishermen and consumers who love seafood."
While the overall goal of habitat restoration is the same, the specific designs and goals of the projects are quite distinct. The following projects began work during the summer of 2002.
NOAA Restoration Center, Ocean Trust, the National Fisheries Institute, and are announcing the availability of funds to support cooperative projects with America's food fishing industry to restore habitat and enhance living marine resources of the United States. They are seeking partners and invite the submission of project proposals.
NOAA provides financial and technical support for the partnership with Ocean Trust through its Community-Based Restoration Program (CRP). The program, which is part of NOAA Fisheries, has been working with community organizations to support effective habitat restoration projects in marine, estuarine and riparian areas since 1996.
For each project, NOAA Fisheries regional staff works closely with communities to aid in project development and implementation. Projects are monitored and maintained by communities, promoting stewardship and a heightened appreciation for the environment and its well-being.
The National Fisheries Institute is the nation's leading trade association representing all aspects of the seafood industry. Ocean Trust is a national conservation foundation working to bring science, conservation and food perspectives together for the sustainability of the oceans. Potential partners or sponsors interested in becoming involved in habitat and resource restoration projects in 2003 should contact Ocean Trust, (703) 450-9852, or see the Web site.
NOAA is dedicated to enhancing economic security and national safety through the prediction and research of weather and climate related events and providing environmental stewardship of our nation's coastal and marine resources.
On the Web:
NOAA: http://www.noaa.gov
Community-based Restoration Program: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/habitat/restoration/community/index.html
Ocean Trust: http://www.oceantrust.org/project
National Fisheries Institute: http://www.nfi.org/
Submit Project Proposals: http://www.oceantrust.org/projects/projects-habitat.htm


text:
Donald Prothero is a palaeontologist who is very much disliked by the Discovery Institute and loved by skeptics, science aficionados, and students. He has written several books and over 200 papers for peer reviewed journals, popular magazines, and anthologies. He wrote "Evolution: What the Fossils Say and Why it Matters," "Catastrophes!: Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Tornadoes, and Other Earth-Shattering Disasters," "Greenhouse of the Dinosaurs: Evolution, Extinction, and the Future of Our Planet," as well as numerous text books and scientific monographs.
Don is in town for the Geological Society of America meetings, and has agreed to come by the studio and chat with Greg Laden about dinosaurs, climate change, science denialism and, of course, the psychology of cryptozoology, which is the subject of one of his current writing projects.
Professor Prothero is Professor of Geology at Occidental College and Lecturer in Geobiology at the California Institute of Technology. He is a Fellow of the Geological Society of America and the Paleontological Society.
Links of interest:
Donald Prothero - The Psychology of Cryptozoologists on Point of Inquiry
Skeptics Guide to the Universe Interview with Don Prothero
American Museum of Natural History Podcast
Don Prothero on the East Coast Earthquake
A short list of some of Donald Prothero's books:
Evolution: What the Fossils Say and Why It Matters
Catastrophes!: Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Tornadoes, and Other Earth-Shattering Disasters
Greenhouse of the Dinosaurs: Evolution, Extinction, and the Future of Our Planet
After the Dinosaurs: The Age of Mammals (Life of the Past)
The Evolution of Artiodactyls
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Interview by Greg Laden and hosted by Stephanie Zvan.
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iskandar wrote:Kakaze wrote:I guess having it be one handed d10, there's no downside if you aren't strong enough to use it. I personally think the katana is just a longsword, but there is one mentioned in the back of Reloaded, so why not use it?
Okay, I'm a bit of a military history nut, so if this is a katana made with japanese iron, I would just make it have the same stats as a longsword. The whole thousands of folds was needed because japanese iron had so many impurities. However, if you want the katana to have those mungo bonuses, why not increase its cost either in money or in belongings points to represent it being made in the usa with american steel/iron (thus its stronger) but with japanese swordmaking methods, making it extremely expensive. You could also make it so that you need a katana to do your chi mastery powers, making it a focus or something, so it balances out the fact that you are doing chi with additional damage from pointy things.
I rebut with the following: http://www.peginc.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=37356


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hey man you got some real problems.i mean ts pretty obsesive when you start calling your grandparents jason and Zack but i guess it shows how devoted you are to the Dolfins.:cooldude:
hey man you got some real problems.i mean ts pretty obsesive when you start calling your grandparents jason and Zack but i guess it shows how devoted you are to the Dolfins.:cooldude:
"Im high all the time and im on some good sh*t"
HI my name is Gary and I live in the UK, Ive been a Fins fan for 20years.
I'm Frank A.K.A. Elmo. I love the Dolphins. you guys will see me out there one day. lol I wish
Hey everyone.
I'm a Phins fan in Australia. I've be a Dolphins fan ever since I started watching the game, around 15 years ago I guess.
Hello ... Dan from Cleveland ... this site is really a great resource for us northerners to get some Phin coverage!!
hey guys, my name is mike i'm a phin fan from va. long time reader first time poster, its good to finally get in here and mix it up with you all.
Hey my finbros longtime finfan since 1973 and will be 4ever.Dealing with these knucklehead jet fans in the bronx but know the best is yet 2 come!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Hi everyone.
I'll be up front with you all, I'm currently not a Dolphin fan per se....... I'm warming however since Wannstedt is gone. I was one of those "irrational" fans who somewhat turned on Jimmy that last year (get a new OC!) and then when Marino was dumped, I was done. To not offer him a contract at all was rediculous. Warrented or not, I still feel it did not end the right way. I could go on, but I'd imagine everything possible has been said on this subject and don't want to bore you all.
As I "thaw" I probably won't post much, but once I get going again, I'm sure I'll post more often. I may also have an "outsiders" view on things from time to time as well, so maybe I can bring a new view once in awhile.
Thanks for welcoming me in,
were always happy getting new fans


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Schools are an ideal setting within the community to promote healthy lifestyles, good nutrition and lifelong physical activity. Numerous programs have been designed, implemented and evaluated to improve the health of school children with the goal of creating healthy habits that will last a lifetime.
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Family dinner doesn't get any better than this convenient yummy-in-the-tummy chicken dish. Mmm!
Love potatoes but can't find the frozen vegetable blend in this recipe? Try using one of your favorite frozen vegetable blends and a 15- or 16-ounce can of whole potatoes, drained, instead.
Finish off this quick meal with a colorful coleslaw made by stirring cubed unpeeled red apple into purchased coleslaw. Add crusty hard rolls for hearty appetites.
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gary: Yes, there is work on NFSv4. Last year at Usenix there was a presentation by one of the engineers on Sun and I do believe that they are working on making nfs a "secure" network file system. That means certificates and all that jazz. So, you can dig around on the Usenix site, or even take a look at Sun's site for something like: Sun Microsystems Gives Key Component of Network File System (NFS) to the Open Source Community it provides a nice link to NFSv4 Open Source Reference Implementation which says that they want to have a IETF complient NFSv4 system running on the Linux kernel by the end of the month. Hope that helps!
I was about to say it's been a few months since I last posted an entry, but I notice that it hasn't even been a month. Oh well, things are about normal, besides having Netscape 4.76 (Solaris) grow to almost 500megs eating up all the swap and memory. That's about the most exciting thing that's happened.
Does anyone know of a program that adds/edits the EXIF info on JPEG files? I've seen libraries used to read them, but I haven't seen any to write them. I resize my photos and then I loose that information which can be useful. It'd be nice to keep that information will the picture. Maybe I should finally get around to writing my own JPEG image library. It'd be fun to learn all the nasty details of the JPEG file format, and the things you can do w/o having to decompress/recompress the image.
Guess I'll be headed home so that I can go to martial arts class.


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LIFE at the Three Chimneys was never quite the same again after the old gentleman came to see his grandson. Although they now knew his name, the children never spoke of him by it,—at any rate, when they were by themselves. To them he was always the old gentleman, and I think he had better be the old gentleman to us, too. It wouldn't make him seem any more real to you, would it, if I were to tell you that his name was Snooks or Jenkins (which it wasn't)? and, after all, I must be allowed to keep one secret. It's the only one; I have told you everything else, except what I am going to tell you in this chapter, which is the last. At least, of course I haven't told you everything. If I were to do that, the book would never come to an end, and that would be a pity, wouldn't it?
Well, as I was saying, life at Three Chimneys was never quite the same again. The cook and the housemaid were very nice (I don't mind telling page: 292 you their names—they were Clara and Ethelwyn), but they told Mother they did not seem to want Mrs. Viney, and that she was an old muddler. So Mrs. Viney only came two days a week to do washing and ironing, Then Clara and Ethelwyn said they could do the work all right if they weren't interfered with, and that meant that the children no longer got the tea and cleared it away and washed up the tea-things and dusted the rooms.
This would have left quite a blank in their lives, although they had often pretended to themselves and to each other that they hated housework. But now that Mother had no writing and no housework to do, she had time for lessons. And lessons the children had to do. However nice the person who is teaching you may be, lessons are lessons all the world over, and at their best are worse fun than peeling potatoes or lighting a fire.
On the other hand, if Mother now had time for lessons, she also had time for play, and to make up little rhymes for the children as she used to do. She had not had much time for rhymes since she came to Three Chimneys.
There was one very odd thing about these lessons. Whatever the children were doing, they always wanted to be doing something else. When page: 293 Peter was doing his Latin, he thought it would be nice to be learning History like Bobbie. Bobbie would have preferred Arithmetic, which was what Phyllis happened to be doing, and Phyllis of course thought Latin much the most interesting kind of lesson. And so on.
- I once thought Cæsar easy pap
- How very soft I must have been!
- When they start Cæsar with a chap
- He little knows what that will mean.
- Oh, verbs are silly stupid things.
- I'd rather learn the dates of kings!
- The worst of all my lesson things
- Is learning who succeeded who
- page: 294
- In all the rows of queens and kings,
- With dates to everything they do:
- With dates enough to make you sick;—
- I wish it was Arithmetic!
- Such pounds and pounds of apples fill
- My slate—what is the price you'd spend?
- You scratch the figures out until
- You cry upon the dividend.
- I'd break the slate and scream for joy
- If I did Latin like a boy!
Then as Jim's leg got better it was very pleasant to go up and sit with him and hear tales about his school life and the other boys. There was one boy, named Parr, of whom Jim seemed to have formed the lowest possible opinion, and another boy named Wigsby Manor, for whose views Jim had a great respect. Also there were three brothers named Paley, and the youngest was called Paley Terts, and was much given to fighting.
Jim could not understand how Mother could have been clever enough to do it. To the others it seemed nice, but natural. You see they had always been used to having a mother who could write verses just like the way people talk, even to the shocking expression at the end of the rhyme, which was Jim's very own.
- His name is Parr: he says that he
- Is given bread and milk for tea.
- He says his father killed a bear.
- He says his mother cuts his hair.
- He wears goloshes when it's wet.
- I've heard his people call him "Pet"!
- He has no proper sense of shame;
- He told the chaps his Christian name.
- He cannot wicket-keep at all,
- He's frightened of a cricket ball.
- He reads, indoors, for hours and hours.
- He knows the names of beastly flowers.
- He says his French just like Mossoo—
- A beastly stuck-up thing to do
- He won't keep cave, shirks his turn
- And says he came to school to learn!
- He won't play football, says it hurts;
- He wouldn't fight with Paley Terts;
- He couldn't whistle if he tried,
- And when we laughed at him he cried!
- Now, Wigsby Minor says that Parr
- Is only like all new boys are.
- I know when I first came to school
- I wasn't such a jolly fool!
Jim taught Peter to play chess and draughts and dominoes, and all together it was a nice quiet time.
Only Jim's leg got better and better, and a general feeling began to spring up among Bobbie, Peter, and Phyllis that something ought to be done to amuse him; not just games, but something really handsome. But it was extraordinarily difficult to think of anything.
"It's no good," said Peter, when all of them had thought and thought till their heads felt quite page: 297 heavy and swollen; "if we can't think of anything to amuse him, we just can't, and there's an end of it. Perhaps something will just happen of its own accord that he'll like."
"Things do happen by themselves sometimes, without your making them," said Phyllis, rather as though, usually, everything that happened in the world was her doing.
"I wish something would happen," said Bobbie, dreamily, "something wonderful."
And something wonderful did happen exactly four days after she had said this. I wish I could say it was three days after, because in fairy tales it is always three days after that things happen. But this is not a fairy story, and besides, it really was four and not three, and I am nothing if not strictly truthful.
They seemed to be hardly Railway children at all in those days, and as the days went on each had an uneasy feeling about this which Phyllis expressed one day.
"I wonder if the Railway misses us," she said plaintively. "We never go to see it now."
"It seems ungrateful," said Bobbie; "we loved it so when we hadn't any one else to play with."
"Perks is always coming up to ask after Jim," page: 298 said Peter, "and the signalman's little boy is better. He told me so."
"I didn't mean the people," explained Phyllis; "I meant the dear Railway itself."
"The thing I don't like," said Bobbie, on this fourth day, which was a Tuesday, "is our having stopped waving to the 9.15 and sending our love to Father by it."
"Let's begin again," said Phyllis. And they did.
Somehow the change of everything that was made by having servants in the house and Mother not doing any writing, made the time seem extremely long since that strange morning at the beginning of things, when they had got up so early and burnt the bottom out of the kettle and had apple pie for breakfast and first seen the Railway.
It was September now, and the turf on the slope to the Railway was dry and crisp. Little long grass spikes stood up like bits of gold wire, frail blue harebells trembled on their tough, slender stalks, Gipsy roses opened wide and flat their lilac-coloured discs, and the golden stars of St. John's Wort shone at the edges of the pool that lay halfway to the Railway. Bobbie gathered a generous handful of the flowers and thought how pretty page: 299 they would look lying on the green-and-pink blanket of silk-waste that now covered Jim's poor broken leg.
"Hurry up," said Peter, "or we shall miss the 9.15!"
"I can't hurry more than I am doing," said Phyllis. "Oh, bother it! my bootlace has come undone again!"
"When you're married," said Peter, "your bootlace will come undone going up the church aisle, and your man that you're going to get married to will tumble over it and smash his nose in on the ornamented pavement; and then you'll say you won't marry him, and you'll have to be an old maid."
"I shan't," said Phyllis. "I'd much rather marry a man with his nose smashed in than not marry anybody."
"It would be horrid to marry a man with a smashed nose, all the same," went on Bobbie. "He wouldn't be able to smell the flowers at the wedding. Wouldn't that be awful!"
"Bother the flowers at the wedding!" cried Peter. "Look! the signal's down. We must run!"
They ran. And once more they waved their page: 300 handkerchiefs, without at all minding whether the handkerchiefs were clean or not, to the 9.15.
"Take our love to Father!" cried Bobbie. And the others, too, shouted:—
"Take our love to Father!"
The old gentleman waved from his first-class carriage window. Quite violently he waved. And there was nothing odd in that, for he always had waved. But what was really remarkable was that from every window handkerchiefs fluttered, newspapers signalled, hands waved wildly. The train swept by with a rustle and roar, the little pebbles jumped and danced under it as it passed, and the children were left looking at each other.
"Well!" said Peter.
"Well!" said Bobbie.
"WELL!" said Phyllis.
"Whatever on earth does that mean?" asked Peter, but he did not expect any answer.
"I don't know," said Bobbie. "Perhaps the old gentleman told the people at his station to look out for us and wave. He knew we should like it!"
Now, curiously enough, this was just what had happened. The old gentleman, who was very well known and respected at his particular page: 301 station, had got there early that morning, and he had waited at the door where the young man stands holding the interesting machine that clips the tickets, and he had said something to every single passenger who passed through that door. And after nodding to what the old gentleman had said,—and the nods expressed every shade of surprise, interest, doubt, cheerful pleasure, and grumpy agreement,—each passenger had gone on to the platform and read one certain part of his newspaper. And when the passengers got into the train, they had told the other passengers who were already there what the old gentleman had said, and then the other passengers had also looked in their newspapers and seemed very astonished and, mostly, pleased. Then, when the train passed the fence where the three children were, newspapers and hands and handkerchiefs were waved madly, till all that side of the train was fluttery with white like the pictures of the King's Coronation in the biograph at Maskelyne and Cook's. To the children it almost seemed as though the train itself was alive, and was at last responding to the love that they had given it so freely and so long.
"It is most extraordinary rum!" said Peter.page: 302
"Most stronery!" echoed Phyllis.
But Bobbie said, "Don't you think the old gentleman's waves seemed more significating than usual?"
"No," said the others.
"I do," said Bobbie. "I thought he was trying to explain something to us with his newspaper."
"Explain what?" asked Peter, not unnaturally.
"I don't know," Bobbie answered, "but I do feel most awfully funny. I feel just exactly as if something was going to happen."
"What is going to happen," said Peter, "is that Phyllis's stocking is going to come down."
This was but too true. The suspender had given way in the agitation of the waves to the 9.15. Bobbie's handkerchief served as first aid to the injured, and they all went home.
Lessons were more than usually difficult to Bobbie that day. Indeed, she disgraced herself so deeply over a quite simple sum about the division of 48 pounds of meat and 36 pounds of bread among 144 hungry children that Mother looked at her anxiously.
"Don't you feel quite well, dear?" she asked.
"I don't know," was Bobbie's unexpected answer. "I don't know how I feel. It isn't that I'm lazy. page: 303 Mother, will you let me off lessons to-day? I feel as if I wanted to be quite alone by myself."
"Yes, of course I'll let you off," said Mother; "but—"
Bobbie dropped her slate. It cracked just across the little green mark that is so useful for drawing patterns round, and it was never the same slate again. Without waiting to pick it up she bolted. Mother caught her in the hall feeling blindly among the waterproofs and umbrellas for her garden hat.
"What is it, my sweetheart?" said Mother. "You don't feel ill, do you?"
"I "don't know," Bobbie answered, a little breathless, "but I want to be by myself and see if my head really is all silly and my inside all squirmy-twisty."
"Hadn't you better lie down?" Mother said, stroking her hair back from her forehead.
"I'd be more alive in the garden, I think," said Bobbie.
But she could not stay in the garden. The hollyhocks and the asters and the late roses all seemed to be waiting for something to happen. It was one of those still shiny autumn days, when everything does seem to be waiting.
Bobbie could not wait.page: 304
"I'll go down to the station," she said, "and talk to Perks and ask about the signalman's little boy."
So she went down. On the way she passed the old lady from the Post-office, who gave her a kiss and a hug, but, rather to Bobbie's surprise, no words except:—
"God bless you, love—" and, after a pause, "run along—do."
The draper's boy, who had sometimes been a little less than civil and a little more than contemptuous, now touched his cap, and uttered the remarkable words:—
"'Morning, Miss, I'm sure—"
The blacksmith, coming along with an open newspaper in his hand, was even more strange in his manner. He grinned broadly, though, as a rule, he was a man not given to smiles, and waved the newspaper long before he came up to her. And as he passed her, he said, in answer to her "Good morning":—
"Good morning to you, Missie, and many of them! I wish you joy, that I do!"
"Oh!" said Bobbie to herself, and her heart quickened its beats, "something is going to happen! I know it is—every one is so odd, like people are in dreams."page: 305
The Station Master wrung her hand warmly. In fact he worked it up and down like a pump-handle. But he gave her no reason for this unusually enthusiastic greeting. He only said:—
"The 11.54's a bit late, Miss—the extra luggage this holiday time," and went away very quickly into that inner Temple of his into which even Bobbie dared not follow him.
Perks was not to be seen, and Bobbie shared the solitude of the platform with the Station Cat. This tortoise-shell lady, usually of a retiring disposition, came to-day to rub herself against the brown stockings of Bobbie with arched back, waving tail, and reverberating purrs.
"Dear me!" said Bobbie, stooping to stroke her, "how very kind everybody is to-day—even you, Pussy!"
Perks did not appear until the 11.54 was signalled, and then he, like everybody else that morning, had a newspaper in his hand.
"Hullo!" he said, "'ere you are. Well, if this is the train, it'll be smart work! Well, God bless you, my dear! I see it in the paper, and I don't think I was ever so glad of anything in all my born!" He looked at Bobbie a moment and then said, "One I must have, Miss, and no offence, page: 306 I know, on a day like this 'ere!" and with that he kissed her, first on one cheek, and then on the other.
"You ain't offended, are you?" he asked anxiously. "I ain't took too great a liberty? On a day like this, you know—"
"No, no," said Bobbie, "of course it's not a liberty, dear Mr. Perks; we love you quite as much as if you were an uncle of ours—but—on a day like what?"
"Like this 'ere!" said Perks. "Don't I tell you I see it in the paper?"
"Saw what in the paper?" asked Bobbie, but already the 11.54 was steaming into the station and the Station Master was looking at all the places where Perks was not and ought to have been.
Bobbie was left standing alone, the Station Cat watching her from under the bench with friendly golden eyes.
Of course you know already exactly what was going to happen. Bobbie was not so clever. She had the vague, confused, expectant feeling that comes to one's heart in dreams. What her heart expected I can't tell,—perhaps the very thing that you and I know as going to happen. But page: 307 her mind expected nothing; it was almost blank, and felt nothing but tiredness and stupidness and an empty feeling like your body has when you have been a long walk and it is very far indeed past your proper dinner-time.
Only three people got out of the 11.54. The first was a countryman a with two baskety boxes full of live chickens who stuck their russet heads out anxiously through the wicker bars; the second was Miss Peckitt, the grocer's wife's cousin, with a tin box and three brown paper parcels; and the third—
"Oh! my Daddy, my Daddy!" That scream went like a knife into the heart of every one in the train, and people put their heads out of the windows to see a tall pale man with lips set in a thin close line, and a little girl clinging to him with arms and legs, while his arms went tightly round her.
* * * * * * *
"I knew something wonderful was going to happen," said Bobbie, as they went up the road, "but I didn't think it was going to be this. Oh, my Daddy, my Daddy!"
"Then didn't Mother get my letter?" Father asked.page: 308
"There weren't any letters this morning. Oh! Daddy it is really you, isn't it?"
The clasp of a hand she had not forgotten assured her that it was.
"You must go in by yourself, Bobbie, and tell Mother quite quietly that it's all right. They've caught the man who did it. Every one knows now that it wasn't your Daddy."
"I always knew it wasn't," said Bobbie. "Me and Mother and the old gentleman."
"Yes," he said, "it's all his doing. Mother wrote and told me you had found out. And she told me what you'd been to her. My own little girl!" They stopped a minute then.
And now I see them crossing the field. Bobbie goes into the house, trying to keep her eyes from speaking before her lips have found the right words to "tell Mother quite quietly" that the sorrow and the struggle and the parting are over and done, and that Father has come home.
I see Father walking in the garden, waiting—waiting. He is looking at the flowers, and each flower is a miracle to eyes that all these months of Spring and Summer have seen only flag-stones and gravel and a little grudging grass. But his eyes keep turning towards the house. And presently page: 309 he leaves the garden and goes to stand outside the nearest door. It is the back door, and across the yard the swallows are circling. They are getting ready to fly away from cold winds and keen frost to the land where it is always summer. They are the same swallows that the children built the little clay nests for.
Now the house door opens. Bobbie's voice calls:—
"Come in, Daddy, come in!"
He goes in and the door is shut. I think we will not open the door or follow him. I think that just now we are not wanted there. I think it will be best for us to go quickly and quietly away. At the end of the field, among the thin gold spikes of grass and the harebells and Gipsy roses and St. John's Wort, we may just take one last look, over our shoulders, at the white house where neither we nor any one else is wanted now.


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Although most of the battle against creationism has focused on the political and legal battles over textbooks and curriculum development, it is important to remember that public opinion plays a major role in determining the material actually taught in biology classrooms. One inexpensive and effective way to educate the public on the nature of science in general, and evolution in particular, is through the editorial pages. Letters to the editor are widely read, and fundamentalists have long used letter campaigns to push their agenda.
1. In 1968, in Epperson v. Arkansas, the United States Supreme Court invalidated an Arkansas statute that prohibited the teaching of evolution. The Court held the statute unconstitutional on the grounds that the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution does not permit a state to require that teaching and learning must be tailored to the principles or prohibitions of any particular religious sect or doctrine.
After the Portland, Oregon, board of education adopted a resolution on climate change education that called (PDF) for the elimination of instructional material "that is found to express doubt about the severity of the climate crisis or its root in human activities," NCSE's Josh Rosenau wrote a column for the Portland Tribune (June 2, 2016) to put the resolution in context.
Welcome to NCSE's new website! As you will see (as Ann Reid explains in detail in a new blog post), NCSE.com has not only been modernized and streamlined but also optimized to work with your phone or mobile device. All the great content and resources are still there for you, but the navigation and search functions have been improved.
Many leading scientific and educational groups have expressed support for teaching climate change in college, high school, grade school and informal settings. Here are some of their statements:
National Center for Science Education, Inc.
1904 Franklin Street, Suite 600
Oakland, CA 94612
fax: 510-788-7971
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I can answer questions regarding all levels of the sport of women's gymnastics, the business of gymnastics, and the marketing of gymnastics programs.
I am the author of "Gymnastics: A Guide for Parents and Athletes" currently being published by McGraw-Hill. I am also a ghostwriter and co-author of the Gymcert series of books "Levels 1-3 Gymnastics Coaches Certifications Manuals" for recreational gymnasts, and the "Levels 4 - 6 Skills and Drills" books as well as Safety Basics for Gymnastics Instructors. I have written several other books on the sport of gymnastics for Richardson Publishing, the latest of which is titled, "Back Handsprings: The Secret Techniques." Oh, and by the way, I was a competitive gymnast through high school and college (Temple University), gymnastics club owner for 10 years, and women's gymnastics coach for 30 years working with gymnasts at all competitive levels
USA Gymnastics National Writer's union Florida Writer's Association
USA Gymnastics magazine Technique magazine International Gymnast magazine several newspaper articles
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Several state and national level gymnastics champions in different systems of competition.
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Sierra Sports Master Bullets, .44, .4295" dia., 240-gr., JHC
Prices, promotions, styles and availability may vary by store and online.
- You must be at least 18 years old to purchase this item.
Serrated 'Power Jacket' provides uniform expansion
Supplies consistent weight retention
Delviers maximum energy transfer
Reliable over a wide range of velocities
Sports Master bullets are engineered to provide consistent, reliable expansion over a wide range of velocities. Sierra has added a serrated 'Power Jacket' on Sports Master hollow cavity and hollow point bullets. On impact, the 'Power Jacket' expands uniformly along the serration lines for consistent weight retention and maximum energy transfer. The Sierra brand adheres to strict quality standards to uphold their deserved reputation for extreme accuracy.
Caliber: .44
Bullet Diameter: .4295 in.
Weight: 240 grains


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Home>About Us>Press Room>2008 Press Releases
An outstanding exhibition of Finnish painting from the period 1870 to 1920 will open in the Millennium Wing of the National Gallery of Ireland on 8 November 2008, and continues until 1 February 2009. This is the first time an exhibition of Finnish art on this scale has been organised in Ireland.
01 November 2008
'A Life in Pictures', an exhibition to celebrate one of Ireland's most accomplished portraitists of the eighteenth century, Hugh Douglas Hamilton (1740-1808) opened on 22nd November 2008.
29 July 2008
The National Gallery of Ireland has in recent months secured several important nineteenth and twentieth century works of art which will benefit its collection of European and Irish art.
The 2008 exhibition brought together over 45 wonderful paintings and drawings by Manet, Monet, Renoir, Morisot, Degas, Cassatt, Gauguin and Pissarro, on loan from public and private collections throughout Europe and the USA.
01 May 2008
The National Gallery appoints Fionnuala Croke as its new Keeper and Head Curator.
04 April 2008
An exhibition of twenty nine specially commissioned prints created by members of Graphic Studio Dublin and invited artists will open in the National Gallery of Ireland on 9th April 2008.
01 April 2008
The National Gallery of Ireland is delighted to announce a recent gift of ten superb original colour illustrations by Harry Clarke (1889-1931) which were executed for Hans Christian Andersen's 'The Fairy Tales', published in 1916 by Harrap & Co. in London.
31 March 2008
In keeping with annual tradition, the Vaughan bequest of watercolours by Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) will go on display in the National Gallery of Ireland from 1-31 January 2009
23 March 2008
The redevelopment this year of The Model Arts and Niland Gallery in Sligo presents an opportunity for the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin to exhibit a selection of works by Jack B. Yeats from the wonderful Niland Collection.
01 March 2008
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One of the architects of the much-criticised nutrient budgeting program Overseer has defended the software, saying it might not be perfect but it is a world-leading model.
Dr Ants Roberts says Overseer, developed in the early 1990s, is up to version six, incorporating new technology.
It helps farmers see what is happening to the nutrients they apply to their farms, such as fertiliser. Controversially, it is being used by Environment Canterbury (ECan) to assess how much nitrogen is leaching beyond a crop's root zone, and into groundwater and waterways.
Farmers say the software should not be used as a regulatory tool and is not able to accurately handle some cropping and irrigation situations. The Foundation for Arable Research is reviewing the program.
Dr Roberts says Overseer is a mathematical interpretation of a biological system, and is a tool to manage nutrients and report on nutrient losses.
"There are a lot of people who have never opened an Overseer program who have been commenting on it," he told the Ashburton Water Zone Committee recently. "There is a lot of misunderstanding about it."
He says the latest version has been tested at the Lincoln University dairy farm, where Overseer-estimated nitrogen losses closely matched actual losses recorded by lysimeters.
Dr Roberts, chief science officer for fertiliser company Ravensdown, was on the team that brought Overseer into the world two decades ago. The program was developed by AgResearch and part-funded by the fertiliser industry and government departments to the tune of $15 million.
The software is free to farmers, who developers say can stop wasting money on applying fertiliser that is not required and halt environmental damage from overuse of fertiliser.
Dr Roberts says Overseer can handle complex cropping rotations and stock mixes. More money is needed to improve it to cope with some irrigated scenarios. The software requires annual rainfall figures as it takes a long-term view - the amount of irrigation needs to match rainfall inputs, otherwise Overseer may overestimate drainage and nitrogen loss.
In his presentation to the zone committee, he outlined the main driving factors for nitrogen leaching: soil texture, soil drainage, rainfall and irrigation, pasture development, animal type and winter management.
The fertiliser industry expects to be busy helping farmers adjust to nutrient limits through the development of nutrient-management plans, an essential part of farm-management plans. Ravensdown has carried out nearly 3000 nutrient-management plans nationwide for dairy farmers.
In Canterbury alone there are about 16,000 farmers - from big corporate to lifestyle-block owners - and all are required to have a nutrient budget. Will the industry have them compliant by 2017, as ECan's Land and Water Regional Plan requires?
Dr Roberts says the workload is worrying but Ravensdown management has said its farmer shareholders would meet the deadline.
The fertiliser industry said Overseer would be a valuable tool for farming within environment limits. Use of the program has enabled nutrient-budgeting to be rolled out to virtually all dairy farmers, and there has been a good start made with sheep and beef farmers as well, says Dr Philip Mladenov, chief executive of the Fertiliser Association of New Zealand.
"We have to be careful that we manage its development so that it continues to add value by supporting profitable farming within environmental limits."
Dr Mladenov says expectations of what Overseer can do have risen while new technology is continually becoming available.
One of the key intentions of an August upgrade was to improve modelling of particular farming types or local conditions.
"As a result of requirements in the Canterbury region, for example, the model's drainage component has been improved to achieve more reliable estimates on shallow and stony soils, which drain quickly and where there is growing use of irrigation."
DairyNZ's strategy and investment leader for productivity, Dr Bruce Thorrold, says the dairy industry supports the development of Overseer as a useful tool: "We support Overseer for farm-management decisions when it is used by people who are trained and competent in its use," he says.
Dr Mladenov says Overseer is an important guidance tool but warns that it has to be seen for what it is. "Overseer was designed to model nutrient movements and losses in a variety of farming systems - not specify exact amounts in every situation. It is an important distinction."
Meanwhile, advancements in the support around Overseer are under way.
These will include improved training in its use and certification of those involved in providing advice to farmers.


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ACHICA > Creative Cooking > Lékué Crystal Silicone 25cm Loaf Cake Mould, Smokey Grey
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Lékué Crystal Silicone 25cm Loaf Cake Mould, Smokey Grey
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|Classic Atlantic Salmon No pursuit rivals salmon rivers, flies & legacy
|Topic Review (Newest First)
|If the river is still open and not in C & R, it means that the count is OK. For the moment, I would be much more anxious with what happened with young salmons with the flood last week. It seems to be a record flood. It is similar with what happened in Saguenay in 1996, they lost all the young salmon in the 4 rivers, and in 2007, they are still on recovery...I am afraid that we will see the same thing on the Dartmouth...
|Green Ghost
|Unusual to hook 9 fish in a weekend in two days for sure. I also noted a high percentage of salmon to grilse this season from viewing the catches only. But this reply does not answer the basic question. Are the midseason count numbers available and are the spawning numbers SOLID For the future in the York Dartmouth and St. Jean?
|The major difference in most rivers with last year is the number of grilses. Most rivers has a much lower count on grilse, but an number in the same range or better than last year for salmon. We see some strange things this season, just for example, this week end, my friend and I hooked 9 fish, only 3 grilses, balance were salmon and some with sea lice...We are mid august and still in good run of big salmon which is unusual...
|Green Ghost
It is a couple weeks late to ask these questions BUT here goes.
What were the mid-season count numbers for Salmon and Grilse In the York, Dartmouth and St Jean?? Is there a place to view the actual numbers??
Is there a C&R mandate on these rivers if the spawning escapment is not met or in Danger??
I have noticed that true to form immediately after the 21st of June, many fish were taken on the York. And Of course Right after the 15th of July, Many fish were taken from the Dartmouth. (when it was low water).
I saw a site where the Dartmouth had only 530 fish, didn't they have like 800 last season?? What is the comparisons with recent history?? And what if they keep taking them??
|PEte A
Just returned from a few days in Gaspe. Fished the York Sat and the St.-Jean Sun morning for a few hours before everything became unfishable. Missed 1 fish on Saturday and landed (and released) one salmon on Sunday with about 1.5 foot of visibility remaining. We were going to fish a third day, but with the water conditions the way they were it was futile! Maybe next time....
Thanks again for those that suggested some flies for my trip!
Pete Addison
|The Thrasher
That's encouraging news! Thanks for the update and for sharing the lovely photos.
Mid-Season Update in Gaspé..
Hello friends,
Hope you are all enjoying your fishing this season.
The Gaspé rivers are presently high ( slowly dropping), but offering great fishing!
I would say, today is like mid-June levels... We are even fishing sector 6 on the York ( which we usuually drop by early July!).
Just to re-assure you all, even though some retention gates have dropped during the rise....
Let us not forget all the downstream pools held fish, even before the gates existed.
Fish have not spread the word, "lets get out of here the gate is down!! "
Also, even though some gates are still not back in place, not all salmon take off above the gates.
Some back up a little and some go, but not all.
The St--Jean is offering great Canoe beats presently.... and the York is holding fish
in the usual sectors. ( Can't give you all my secrets!)
Catch rates on the York are even higher than last season!
Also, the Dartmouth has a higher count of large salmon than last season!!
Okay!! Two more months to go for us!!
Sorry for our long absence!! We were fishing for fish!!
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Climbing Training and Expert Advice
Grip Trainers - Gimmicks, or Worth the Money?30-Nov-2016
Sure, the best way to train for climbing is still to go climbing, or hit a portable hangboard if you are traveling and can't climb. But what if you have no space in your bag or nowhere to string up a hangboard, or you're office-bound with no time or space to train effectively? Should you deploy a grip trainer?...30-Nov-2016
Hangboarding for Endurance: Not Just for Power27-Oct-2016
For training endurance, climbing gyms are the default setting. The standard procedures of lapping routes or circuits will always deliver the pump, increasing your stamina. But what if you can't get to a gym and need to up your endurance for a trip or project?...27-Oct-2016
Simulation Training: How to Do a Move You Can't Do14-Sep-2016
If you can do all the moves on a project, it's usually just a matter of time before it goes down. Stopper moves, though, are another thing entirely. A move you cannot pull is a barrier, and the main reason climbers throw in the towel on hard routes....14-Sep-2016
Planning a Year's Climbing06-Sep-2016
The concept of pacing yourself for an entire year's climbing can be daunting—most of us are challenged by a weekly schedule, let alone one encompassing 365 days. Here's how to stay strong, stay psyched and avoid injury....06-Sep-2016
Portable Training Rigs - How to Stay Fit on the Go05-Jul-2016
Portable rigs and exercises to keep your training on track when you travel....05-Jul-2016
How to Keep Your Job and Family and Still Climb at Your Limit11-Apr-2016
Everyone knows that to redpoint a project at your absolute limit you must either take an endless road trip or live near the crag. But what if the nearest cliff is a day's travel (or more) away, you have a full-time job and family commitments, and yet you still have the burning desire for the ultimate send?...11-Apr-2016
Suspension Training for Rock Climbing21-Mar-2016
The Power of Suspense—Suspension training is great for routes, even better for bouldering....21-Mar-2016
Eat Fat, Climb Harder - The Ketogenic Diet09-Feb-2016
Climbing coach Neil Gresham finds success with the ketogenic diet and sends his hardest route....09-Feb-2016
Witness the Mental Fitness: Set Thought Aside to Improve Performance26-Jan-2016
Your mind will do anything it can to keep from being fully present for the stress that is inherent in a climbing challenge. You can't "fix" the mind from the perspective of the mind. Mental fitness training has to be done from a perspective that is removed from the mind itself. You need a different access point....26-Jan-2016
Mental Training Made Simple12-Jan-2016
Ten maxims to get your mind right....12-Jan-2016
Counterintuitive Climbing Tips to Change Your Game - Part 229-Dec-2015
One of the most important performance skills is the ability to maintain good technique in high-pressure situations, and one of the best ways to achieve it is to work from a checklist of the most common mistakes that crop up when you're climbing by the seat of your pants....29-Dec-2015
Endurance Training Tips for Winter22-Dec-2015
Plug the gaps in your endurance training this winter and own the spring....22-Dec-2015
Five Counterintuitive Climbing Tips to Change Your Game - Part 115-Dec-2015
Too Hard For a Caveman—Anyone can hit the campus board and get strong, but a truly skilled climber is someone who can keep it together even when he is drowning in lactic acid, miles above the runner. These five counterintuitive technique pointers can help you go from Stone Age to Stone Crusher....15-Dec-2015
Staying Power - How to Last All Day at the Crag08-Dec-2015
You know how climbing is: less about how hard you pull than how long you can last. The climber having the most fun is the one still cranking at sunset, yet the formula for sustaining energy levels during a prolonged day can be elusive. Here are tips on how to last all day at the crag....08-Dec-2015
Attack and Defend - Tips for Effective Resting01-Dec-2015
There is no escaping the pump, but many climbers are too quick to blame a lack of endurance for their aching forearms. The key to mastering the endurance style lies in spotting rests and effectively utilizing them....01-Dec-2015
Change Up - Plug the Gaps In Your Strength Training This Winter24-Nov-2015
Plug the gaps in your strength training this winter. ...24-Nov-2015
Training While Injured16-Nov-2015
Managing a climbing injury is tough. When it comes to major injuries, everyone knows that the right call is to take the time needed to rehabilitate, while focusing on other forms of fitness training. However with minor tweaks, it may be possible to keep going without aggravating the injury further....16-Nov-2015
The Hard Way, Easier: How to Cope with Redpoint Nerves09-Nov-2015
Redpointing is one of the most stressful head games in climbing, imbuing in each of us the demoralizing and spirit-crushing notion that we may never send our project. Who would have thought there would be so many demons lurking below the surface of this common and seemingly innocuous procedure?...09-Nov-2015
Climbing Literacy - Get Better Instantly by Reading Routes27-Oct-2015
When it comes to route reading, many climbers don't. Instead, they simply leap on the rock and see what happens. Yet route reading is a crucial skill that has a powerful and direct effect on performance. Here's how to do it....27-Oct-2015
The Numbers Game - How to Use Your Age to Your Advantage26-Oct-2015
Can we play to the strengths of our ages? Should we work more on power when we are young and endurance when old? How does our susceptibility to injury change over time and to what extent should we allow it to affect our climbing and training?...26-Oct-2015


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Alternate name: Yellow-blotched Sawback
Family: Emydidae, Pond and Box Turtles view all from this family
Description High central keel/ridge on carapace. Brown/olive with spines on keel. Cream plastron. Claws on front feet of males elongated.
Dimensions 7.6-10.2cm. (3-4"). Females: 10.2-17.5cm. (4-6 7/8")
Endangered Status The Yellow-blotched Map Turtle is on the U.S. Endangered Species List. It is classified as threatened in Mississippi, where it lives only in the Pascagoula River drainage. The main factor in this little turtle's decline has been the channeling of waterways as a flood-control measure. This can change not only water levels and volume, but even the food resources in a river. Silting and pollution have degraded the quality of the water in many areas, making them unsuitable as turtle habitat. Species such as this that live in a single restricted range are most vulnerable to changes to their environment and other threats to their populations, such as pet collectors.
Breeding Males mature at 3-4 years, females later on. Breeding patterns similar to painted turtle.
Habitat Sandy/rock bottomes slow moving rivers.
Range Pascagoula river, Mississippi.
Discussion Shares habitat with Alabama Map Turtle, Red-eared Turtle, River cooter and Razor-backed Musk Turtle. Diet of insects and snails. Opportunistic feeders.


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The birds are out feeding, strutting with scattered gobbling and fights. The hens are showing no real interest in the toms. The ticks are terrible already time for permethrin clothing treatments and Frontline on the dog.
Mosquito are out along the swamp edges and flies are thick nearly everywhere. Turkeys are focusing on bugging, they don't seem to be wasting any time scratching for old mast or ag residue.
If all this eating keeps up there are going to be some heavy gobblers killed this spring.


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Andrew Garfield; January Jones; LL Cool J
rapidgator, uploaded.net, 1fichier, uptobox, filefactory, go4up, openload, videowood.tv, jheberg
Once Craig Ferguson retires, James Corden will be taking over The Late Late Show. The show is a late night talk show that interviews celebrities and has its own bits. And of course, it's all hosted by James Corden.


text:
Hi - I have the 4 Attack of the Clones Sneak preview figures for trade
- I have a couple of extras of Jango Fett, in fact. I am looking to
trade for loose POTF2/EU/POTJ/SOTE/Episode 1 - there are no loose
figures in particular I'm needing, other than figures from cinema
scenes, pilots, most POTJ figures, and Episode 1 red R2D2, Sio Bibble,
Holo Darth maul, Pit Droids bonus pack droids, Queen Amidala Battle.
Thanks in advance,


text:
Alessi is a family owned Italian design company, founded in 1921. Giovanni Alessi, a talented sheet metal worker, produced items by hand for the table and home out of copper, brass and nickel-silver. He was later joined by his son Carlo who was responsible for many of the designs produced in the 1930s and early 1940s. In the mid 1940s Alessi began to work with outside designers. The current Alessi catalog is the result of a collaboration with over 500 designers from all over the world.
"A true work of design must be able to move people, to convey feelings, to trigger memories, to surprise, to go against the grain. From this point of view, design intended to conjure up images in people's minds, which makes them a bit happier, still has tremendous potential." --Alberto Alessi
Miriam Mirri was born in Bologna in 1964. She lives and works in Milan. She graduated at the Superior School for Anotomic Design and studied communication and design at the Universita del Progetto in Reggio Emilia. Mirri worked in London with Nigel Coates and has been assistant to Stefano Giovannoni for many years. She designs objects for companies such as Mandarina Duck, Mitsubishi and United Pets. She also holds design courses at the Universita del Progetto in Reggio Emilia.View other products by Miriam Mirri


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Intro to live sound equipment
Choosing the right gear for your live sound system
Robert Ferency-Viars is the managing editor for the Crutchfield car A/V learning content, and has been with the company since 1999. A Virginia native from the heart of the Blue Ridge Mountains, he loves spending time with his wonderful wife and sons, listening to music, writing, and playing games with friends. Robert's love for car audio began at 16 when he installed his first car stereo.
More from Robert Ferency-Viars
The simplest PA system is a microphone or instrument plugged into a powered speaker
Whether you only need a single microphone and a speaker or a full kit for your band, it pays to understand how a PA (public address) system works. At its simplest, sound goes into microphones, through mic cords to a mixer. It leaves the mixer and goes to an amplifier, which sends it on to speakers. The speakers, in turn, broadcast the sound to the audience.
How powerful does my PA system need to be?
To answer this question, you need to know how you intend to use the PA system. Is it for a school auditorium or a bar? Are you giving talks to small groups or are you a 5-piece rock band? Once you know how you intend to use the system, the gear you need starts to fall into place.
Volume (space) and volume (loudness)
The PA system you want should easily fill the volume of your intended space, and sound loud enough for its intended purpose. The music system in a nice steakhouse, for instance, allows a singer/piano player to entertain the whole restaurant without blasting any diners out of their seats. A small dance club will have some high-powered subwoofers that help keep its customers coming back to the dance floor.
Another factor will be the number of people in attendance. The more people there are in the audience, the more the sound will be absorbed by their bodies, and the more it will become necessary to increase the volume to compensate.
This chart is a very rough estimate of how powerful a system should be, depending on the size of the space or audience. Use these numbers as general approximations — a 100- or even a 200-watt difference in the larger systems won't matter. When in doubt, pick a higher power value — extra headroom usually comes in handy.
|Recommended total PA system power for different venues and sound levels
|Conference room, coffee house, school room;
up to 50 people
|Small auditorium, restaurant, bar;
up to 200 people
|Auditorium, theater, church, club;
up to 500 people
|50 watts RMS
|200 watts RMS
|500 watts RMS
|Acoustic ensemble with vocalists
|100 watts RMS
|400 watts RMS
|1,000 watts RMS
|Jazz band
|150 watts RMS
|600 watts RMS
|1,500 watts RMS
|Orchestra and chorus
|200 watts RMS
|800 watts RMS
|2,000 watts RMS
|Rock band
|225 watts RMS
|900 watts RMS
|2250 watts RMS
|Techno/dance/hip hop
|250 watts RMS
|1,000 watts RMS
|2,500 watts RMS
Building a sound system
Now we'll examine each piece of equipment you might need for a sound system. If you're doing anything more than having a single person speak to a small room, you'll need most of these items.
Mackie Thump15 15" powered PA speaker
Speakers are the workhorses of your system, and how many you need depends on what you're doing. Read our Live Sound Speakers Buying Guide for more details, but here are the types of speakers you might need:
- Main speakers – Speakers come in two categories. Active speakers are powered, meaning they have amplifiers built into the speaker cabinets. All you have to do is connect your instrument or mixing board. Passive speakers are unpowered, which means you need to add an external amplifier. There are pros and cons to using each type of speaker, and it greatly depends on how you intend to use your PA system. For example, powered speakers are easier for travelling bands since all the processors and power are built in. Unpowered speakers are more flexible since you can choose how much power and what kind of processing to use in your system.
- Subwoofers – Subwoofers are used to reinforce the deep bass sounds of kick drums, bass guitars, and synthesizers in order to add impact and excitement to any kind of music, but especially dance music. If you intend your PA for speeches and lectures, folk music, or a chorus, you probably won't need a subwoofer.
- Monitors – Monitors are speakers set up so musicians can hear themselves over the noise of the crowd and musical echoes from the venue, and thus be able to play better. The "sound guy" can usually benefit from having a monitor or headphones, too.
QSC GX3 power amplifier: 300 watts x 2 at 8 ohms
If you're running passive speakers with separate amplifiers, each amp should have at least as much or, better yet, more output power than the total wattage ratings of the speakers it's driving. Having extra wattage available (headroom) ensures clean, distortion-free sound, especially during sudden musical peaks. See our Pro Audio Amplifiers Buying Guide for more details and advice.
Behringer X32 PRODUCER 16-channel mixer
The mixer is the brains and control center of a PA system, and the coolest place to hang out. All of the sources of music and sound can be mixed and then sent out to the amps and speakers. The mixer has volume and tone controls for each input channel, allowing you to balance the individual signals and create a clean output signal. Learn more about mixers and how to choose the right one in our Mixers Buying Guide.
dbx 231s 2-channel 31-band equalizer
Sound processors and equalizers
Most of the sound processing you need is likely built into the mixer and amp, especially if you're just starting up. Adding more complex processors give you even more control over the sound.
- Equalizers – Equalization lets you adapt your sound to a room's acoustics or finesse the sound of an instrument at a particular frequency. Some amps come with equalizers built into their input circuitry. Some mixers have them in their output sections. And of course, there are the outboard EQs that give you the greatest amount of control. Where a mixer usually has high, mid, and low tone controls (a 3-band EQ), an outboard equalizer can offer, for instance, 15 or 31 bands of control over the audio spectrum.
- Limiters – Another common device found in amplifiers and powered speakers, or as an outboard unit, is a limiter. A limiter imposes a set limit to the output level of the amplifier so it will never exceed the capacity of the speaker and damage it. A limiter is like a safety valve on a pressure cooker — you'll never have to worry about it blowing up.
- Effects – The output sections of many PA mixers feature acoustic effects like reverb and echo, which can be used to color the sound for dramatic and pleasant effects. If your mixer's onboard effects aren't enough for your needs, there are varieties of outboard effects devices you can get that can produce countless numbers of sonic effects.
You'll find much more detail about sound processing and equalizers in our Buying Guide for Signal Processors.
Shure SM58 dynamic vocal microphone
For live sound applications, don't buy any microphone so expensive it'd give you a panic attack if it gets dropped or knocked to the ground. Expensive condenser and ribbon mics sound great, but belong back in a safe studio. Dynamic microphones offer more rugged and practical solutions for everyday use. (Condenser, ribbon, and dynamic mics get their names from the different ways they create signal.) Many mics come with their response curves (or "voices") tailored for specific instruments, like vocals or drums.
Learn more about microphones in our Microphones Buying Guide.
There are some essential accessories to get, in order for your PA system to function.
Whirlwind Connect "MIC" Series microphone cable
All of these sound components need to be connected somehow. The cables you need depend on the component. You'll find a variety of connector types on the gear and cables available. For a solid rundown, check out our pro audio cable guide.
K&M Short Mic Stand with boom
Microphone Stands
Mic stands hold your microphones where you want them. They come in many different configurations and shapes, so you can place and hold a microphone in any position and in any situation. A mic stand can be very short, for holding a mic on a desktop, for instance, or very tall, with an extension or boom arm and counterweight, for holding a mic up high and off to the side.
K&M Speaker Stand Package
Speaker stands
If your PA speakers are on the floor, it's pretty obvious that only the front row of people will hear the music properly, and they'll be in the way of everyone else hearing it. A way around this is to elevate each of your speakers with a speaker stand. Most PA speakers have a socket or other kind of holder, so they can be mounted on a stand. Just make sure the stand you pick is rated to hold at least as much as the speaker weighs.
Furman AC-215A power line conditioner and surge protector
AC power conditioning for gigging bands
As many traveling musicians and PA operators have found out over the years, the electrical AC power systems in many restaurants, bars, and nightclubs can be noisy and unstable enough to cause distortion, noise, and even dangerous electrical shocks. If possible, all of your PA equipment should be plugged into the same 120-volt service line, or AC outlet. This ensures that all grounds are at the same electrical potential at the same time, which prevents shocks and eliminates humming "ground loops."
But even that won't be enough sometimes, and only isolating your PA's power supply from the "house system" will fix a noise problem. A great solution is a power conditioner, a device that filters out noise, protects against surges and transient voltage spikes (like when a freezer or air conditioning unit pops on), and provides multiple outlets of alternating current that are all in phase with each other. Cleaning the AC power like this before your PA uses it almost guarantees shock-free connections and lower amounts of noise.
Tools of the trade that you shouldn't forget
Finally, here are a handful of items that belong in every sound guy's gear bag:
- Power strips and extension cords — make sure you accommodate every piece of gear that needs to be plugged in.
- Duct or gaffer's tape — because it's the fastest way to hold down or repair something.
- Flashlight — you'd be surprised how many times you end up looking for something in the dark.
- Spare batteries and fuses — because the show must go on.
- Pocket knife or multi-tool — so you can repair almost anything.
- Spare mic clips (holds the mic to the stand) — the originals break and often mysteriously disappear.
- Direct box, or DI (direct input) box — a small device used for sending low-level instrument signals, like those from guitars and bass guitars, to a mixer's mic or line-level input.
Examples of PA systems
Here are a few basic diagrams of what most PA systems will look like. The real differences are in where the amplifier is located: built into the mixer, built into the speakers, or an external component.
This PA system uses a powered mixer to send power and signal to the speakers
Built-in power — Whether the amplifier is located in the mixer or in the speakers is a matter of choice. Either way makes setup and tear-down of the gear easier when you're on the road.
In this system, we're using a regular mixer and powered speakers, a popular arrangement for travelling bands and DJs
External amplification — The greatest flexibility comes when the amplifier is a separate component. This makes it easier to replace any piece of the system, but will require longer to set up. It's best for systems that are being permanently installed somewhere.
The traditional PA system uses an external amplifier to power passive speakers
Multiple amplifiers — PA systems for larger locations or very loud bands will need multiple amplifiers and quickly become more complex to set up. In systems like this, the most important piece of equipment is the sound guy.
Larger, more-complex audio systems might route the audio signal through a crossover into multple amplifiers and speakers
Put together the PA system that's right for you
As we mentioned throughout this article, be sure to read our other shopping guides for more detailed info for each component and browse our pro audio equipment offerings. If you have any questions not answered on our site, or don't have the time to research, contact our advisors. They're available via phone, email, or chat, and are always ready to help.
Yamaha MG06X 6-channel mixer with effects