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ROBERT MCMAHON: Thank you. And hello, everyone, and welcome to this CFR on-the-record media call on violence in Nigeria. I'm Robert McMahon, editor of cfr.org, and I will be presiding on the call. And we're very fortunate to have two really top experts on-hand to walk us through what is happening in Nigeria.
First of all, John Campbell is a CFR senior fellow, a former U.S. ambassador to Nigeria and one of the closest trackers of what's happening on the security front through his Nigeria Security Tracker and also through his blog for CFR, Africa in Transition.
Also joining us is Johnnie Carson, and he is a former U.S. assistant secretary of state for African affairs and is currently a senior adviser at the U.S. Institute of Peace. I'm going to speak to both of them for about 15 minutes and then open up call to you on the line. I know we have a lot on the line, so we're going to try to pack as much in as possible. Obviously, one of the issues riveting attention at the moment is the admission by the militant group Boko Haram that it has abducted more than 200 schoolgirls in the north of Nigeria. The group's leader has said in a video released this week that the girls would be sold on the market. And it occurs at a time of ramped-up violence, including near Abuja, which also happens to be the host city of the World Economic Forum, starting today.
So we have a lot to talk about. I wanted to kick off with Ambassador Campbell to kind of help us understand, first of all, the latest state of play involving the abduction of the girls and the U.S. offer of aid. So Ambassador John Campbell, could you start and help us understand, first of all, the latest state of play? Will there be some sort of major U.S. aid coming, or do we still not understand what's happening?
JOHN CAMPBELL: Well, I think it's early days yet to draw any conclusions. The administration has offered assistance to the Nigerians. The Nigerian government says it would welcome the offer, but in fact, there are virtually no details at all. In the past, the Nigerians have been reluctant to accept U.S. assistance, particularly in areas having to do with security.
There was a report that I cannot verify that was in the Nigerian media. To the extent that a U.S. team would go to Abuja some time in the next week or so for consultations with the Nigerian side. Presuming that happens, some details may start to emerge. All of that said, I think it is highly unlikely that there would be large numbers of Americans going to Nigeria. Whatever assistance we might provide and might be welcomed by the Nigerian side is likely to be, essentially, technical.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you, Ambassador. And Ambassador Carson, could you follow up on that a little bit and also talk about – maybe a little bit get into the U.S. role in Nigeria and in the region as well?
JOHNNIE CARSON: OK. Let me – let me start off – Bob, thank you very much. And I think the U.S. offer of assistance is a welcome and positive development, and underscores U.S. interests in trying to help find the girls as well as the importance that the U.S. attaches to Nigeria. I agree with Ambassador Campbell that we don't know at this point what the Nigerians have actually agreed to in terms of allowing us to come in, but our actions are a positive and a welcome development, and are important in demonstrating our support for the families of these girls – the north and for Nigeria in general.
There – this kind of assistance is consistent – or this offer of assistance is consistent with ongoing U.S. policies in Africa, and I note that the U.S. government has been working with Uganda and with several other regional states in the Great Lakes in providing U.S. military personnel and even some aircraft – Ospreys recently to help to track down Joseph Kony, another terrible rebel leader in Central Africa.
So our offer of assistance is consistent with the desire to help bring to justice individuals who are carrying out atrocities in Africa. Things that we can do for Nigeria are to help provide intelligence collection, better information gathering, help them to improve their investigative techniques, help them in their forensics training. But it is unclear – and it's possible even to provide some aerial satellite and imagery that might be useful in terms of being able to help.
We have satellites that pass over this region; they can, in fact, be effective in also helping to track. There are also airplanes that can do some very useful work. But it is important that the Nigerians accept this. In the past, as Ambassador Campbell has pointed out, the Nigerians have shown a reluctance to accept not only our assistance, but also a reluctance to accept some of our analytic advice.
MR. MCMAHON: OK. So thanks for both of those opening comments. I'm going to follow up with – first with John Campbell to ask a little bit about, you know, sort of how we got here, and understand, to what extent – especially through the work of his Nigeria Security Tracker, to what extent Nigeria does not control portions of its country. So John, could you talk a little bit about the Boko Haram emergence, which I think is traced – in terms of the violence to 2009. What parts of the country they control or at least operate freely in and how much of a threat they are to the state of Nigeria?
MR. CAMPBELL: The current round of Boko Haram-associated violence did indeed start in 2009. Boko Haram seems to be able to operate with impunity in the northeastern part of the country. There have been acts of violence associated with Boko Haram as far south as Abuja, and there have been isolated instances in the northwest of the country as well as the northeast.
As far as I can tell, Boko Haram is able to operate with a fair degree of impunity in perhaps a quarter or a third of the land area of Nigeria. Much of that is a Sahelian landscape. It's lightly populated. It's not desert, but it's arid. The rhythm of Boko Haram attacks has increased steadily, but particularly dramatically in the past several months. I think it's important to put the kidnapping of these schoolgirls into a larger context. About two months ago, for example, there was a Boko Haram attack on a boarding school in northern Nigeria. Again, the students were roughly 16 to 18 years of age. Boko Haram slaughtered in cold blood between 50 and 60 boys. The female students they let go and told them to go home and find husbands.
The attack on schools is a reflection of a cardinal principle of Boko Haram, which is that Western education is evil. The Boko Haram syllogy (sp) seems to be that Western education promotes secularism. Secularism underpins the Nigerian state, and the Nigerian state exploits the poor. Therefore, Western education and all who participate in it must be destroyed.
MR. MCMAHON: So just – you know, so just hearing you talk John – and also, it's staggering to hear that Africa's largest economy – you know, up to a third of the land area is not under the central government's control, but also that a country that does have such relative wealth – perhaps the severe income inequality, if it's not a distortion to say that, has led to this group rising. Could you talk a little bit about how that's fed into the growth, or the fact that this type of a group could get such support? It's feeding into this sense of – initially of grievance in addition to maybe some other issues?
MR. CAMPBELL: The social and economic statistics in northeastern Nigeria are by far the worst in the country, and further – and perhaps even more important, they're getting worse. They are not – they are not getting better. You know, in the north, there is a pervasive sense of marginalization by a government in Abuja that is perceived to be predominately southern and predominantly Christian.
And an elephant in the living room is just how much popular support Boko Haram actually enjoys. Government spokesmen fairly consistently say that it has no popular support, that, in fact, it operates basically through violence and intimidation, and that of course, I think is true. On the other hand, you have Boko Haram activity since 2009. It's been escalating, and the government seems to be very far away from being able to bring it under control.
This is an area alike many, many others where we really see through a glass darkly. There are virtually no foreign correspondents operating in northeastern Nigeria. There are very few Nigerian press people around. There has been a suspension of most or much of the telephone service. There are now no civilian aircraft flights into Maiduguri, the biggest city in the area, so that the information that we have about what's actually going on in the far northeast tends to go from the security services to Abuja, and then from Abuja to the wider media. So I would be very careful about flat statements about what's actually going on in northeastern Nigeria.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you – thank you. Really comprehensive. Now, Johnnie Carson, could you please elaborate on that a little bit and talk about how the government has taken a response that seems to focus on security? If you can talk a little bit more about the other elements.
MR. CARSON: Yeah, I think it is – to date, the government's efforts in curbing the violence and predation of Boko Haram has largely failed. Since the outbreak in 2009 we have seen an escalation – an evolution and a growing sophistication of the violence across the north, and we've seen it metastasize and spread. Initially, government actions – initially, Boko Haram was going after government officials – young boys on the back of motorcycles, gunning down police officers, magistrates and central government and local government officials.
It has metastasized over time to the killing and kidnapping of students, the burning and raiding of government buildings all the way to suicide bombers and attacks on government buildings in Abuja. Three weeks ago, suicide bombers set off bombs at a major bus terminus in Abuja, and we've seen attacks on major buildings in the capital. So we've seen an evolution.
The government's response to the problem has be monodimensional – single-dimensional. It's always been a security response to the problems, and that security response, regrettably, has been very, very heavy-handed and very brutal in many respects. Individuals in the north talk about a military that comes in and responds to the Boko Haram threat as being just as predatory and disrespectful of their civil liberties as Boko Haram has been. In fact, much of the Nigerian military cannot legally be assisted by the United States, because it's – would not be able to pass the Leahy vetting – that is, a military that has engaged – or seemingly engaged in a violation of human rights.
So the military response has been very hard, very harsh, very brutal, sometimes very indiscriminate. And these are things that have been reported by the northern governors. But the problem in the north is greater than the security issue, and there is a growing sense of extreme marginalization across the north. People in the north believe that the central government in Abuja does not care about them, does not care about their concerns and their welfare. As pointed out, the level of poverty and immiseration in the north is substantially greater in every (indice ?) than in the south.
The number of girls graduating from grammar school and high school, substantially lower than in the north. The level of literacy among boys and girls – men and women in the north substantially below that of the south. Access to clean water, health care, substantially greater in the south, substantially lower in the north. And youth unemployment – male youth unemployment in northern Nigeria is in excess of 50 percent.
The government's heavy hand in the use of security forces has probably contributed to this, but the government needs to have a modified security policy and a Marshall Plan for northern Nigeria that helps to correct the enormous social shortcomings that exist across the north in terms of access to education, health care, clean water, transportation and employment. These things are sorely lacking, and the economy in the north has turned deeply, deeply south.
And it is rather ironic – it is rather ironic that Nigeria is holding the World Economic Forum at a time when there is so much insecurity and so much immiseration in the north. But let me – so there needs to be a broader policy out there, one that attends to the social and economic issues, provides hope and opportunity for people in the north and gives them a sense of encouragement that the government in Abuja is really looking after their concerns.
Having said that, let me just underscore that we need to look at Nigeria as an important partner. It is, by far, the most important country in sub-Saharan Africa today, largest population by far with 175 million people, the largest economy across the entire continent, the continent's largest oil-producing country, a country which has enormous economic influence and weight in the financial sector, the telecom sector, the media sector and in – and in the movie-making sector across all of west and parts of Central Africa. And it is one of the top U.N. peacekeeping countries in the world. It is a very, very important country, and this is why it's important, I think, for the international community to be focused on this, and it's also important for the U.S. to be focused on it as well.
One last thought on all of this too as we look at the north. We have to remember too that Nigeria isn't just simply Africa's largest country, most important country economically. We have to also remember that Nigeria is the fifth-largest Muslim state in the world. Its Muslim population in Northern Nigeria is just equal to all of Egypt's population. This is not only a significant Western and West African state, it is a significant Muslim state as well, and we have to help to ensure that the grievances in the north are not seen in strictly religious terms.
MR. MCMAHON: OK, well, that's very helpful framing from both of you. And I want to open this call now to those on the line. Again, this is a CFR on-the-record media call with CFR fellow John Campbell and former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Johnnie Carson.
Please, Operator, any questions you have at this moment.
OPERATOR: At this time we will open the floor for questions. (Gives queuing instructions.) And our first question comes from Josh Rogin with the Daily Beast.
Q: Thank you. Thank you so much for taking the time to do the call. My question is primarily for Ambassador Carson. Could you please take us through what the State Department did, how they used their authorities to combat the threat of Boko Haram while you were in office? There's been some criticism that the State Department failed to list Boko Haram as a foreign terrorist organization until last November. Could you tell us exactly why that took so long? Thank you.
MR. CARSON: Yes, Josh. First of all, two parts to the question. The U.S. government, certainly during the period that I was assistant secretary, from '09 to '13, engaged with the Nigerian government on numerous occasions to talk about the security situation in Northern Nigeria. I personally spoke with the president, and certainly former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton met on at least three occasions with senior Nigerian leaders, and President Obama met with Goodluck Jonathan – President Goodluck Jonathan as well.
Throughout all of these conversations there was discussions about the security situation in – of the north. We brought our analysis of the problems, our concerns about what was driving the insecurity, and we offered, on numerous occasions, assistance packages to them that were designed to help them deal with the challenges. There was much discussion. Sometimes these things were taken up and sometimes they weren't.
I think, as you heard in the earlier part of the conversation, there always has been a reluctance to accept the analysis of what the drivers are in the – causing the problems in the north, and there has been a – sometimes accept, sometimes reject assistance that is offered to them. This is a proud country with a professional military and intelligence service, and sometimes they accept some things and sometimes they don't.
None of that has anything to do with putting Boko Haram on the foreign terrorist list. There was a major discussion on whether this should be done and why. I won't reprise it all here, but there was a concern that putting Boko Haram on the foreign terrorist list would in fact raise its profile, give it greater publicity, give it greater credibility, help in its recruitment and also probably drive more assistance in its direction.
Putting it on the foreign terrorist list allows us to be able to get at some of their finances a little bit better and be able to stop them from moving around, but none of their finances are here in the United States and none of them are coming here. But whether they're on the foreign terrorist list or not, we have the capacity – the U.S. government has the capacity to help the Nigerians, and that offer – and those offers of assistance go back several years. Thanks for that question.
Q: Who –
MR. MCMAHON: Operator, could we have another question, please? We have a lot of people in the queue and I want to make sure I get as many as possible in.
OPERATOR: Yes, sir. Our next question comes from Anne Gearan with the Washington Post.
Q: Hi. My question is primarily for Ambassador Carson as well. Could you elaborate just a bit on what you said in your opener about the Leahy test? What practical help could the U.S., I guess, military and intelligence services primarily but there may be others, give to the Nigerians given, as I think you were alluding to, that there are human rights abuses charged against them for their activities in the north a year or two back as well?
MR. CARSON: That's right. I think there are a number of things that can be done irrespective of the Leahy amendment. One is sharing information and intelligence. One is helping improve the – improve the sophistication of the information and intelligence collection. Another is the ability to help in training and forensics training there.
There's also the ability to provide information that can be picked up through satellite and air surveillance. And it is possible to work with members of the Nigerian military who have in fact been Leahy vetted and give them additional training. So there are things that can – that can be done. These things could also be done in partnership with our allies in Europe.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you for that question. And, Operator, do you have another question, please?
OPERATOR: Yes, sir. Our next question comes from Oren Dorell with USA Today.
Q: Hi. Thanks for doing this call. Some people – there's a comment that came from Edmund Keller, who is a UCLA political science professor, saying that the West hasn't been all that responsive to what's happening in Nigeria and elsewhere in Africa because of racism. He said there's a certain amount of racism involved in the tendency to look upon African conflicts as being normal and being a part of the way Africans behave as opposed to something whites need to be concerned with. And I'm wondering, you know, what's the response to that? I know that the West and European and the United States have been quite involved in Africa in the past years but I'd like to hear your responses from both of you.
MR. MCMAHON: John Campbell, could you start with that one, please?
MR. CAMPBELL: I think – I think all that is wildly overstated. The issue of Boko Haram in Nigeria has been minimized or even ignored by much of Nigerian society and governance right up to only a few months ago. Part of that is because Boko Haram operated in the far northeast of the country. Part of it was because the area particularly between Lagos and Ibadan was booming economically.
I think it's important to focus on the lack of attention up until only a few months ago by Nigerians on what was going on in the northeast. And that lack of focus contributed to the North's sense of marginalization that both Ambassador Carson and I were talking about. I would look at factors like that rather than broad generalizations that Americans and Europeans don't pay as much attention, or don't pay the attention that they should, to Africa primarily because of racial considerations.
MR. MCMAHON: Ambassador Carson, do you want to add anything?
MR. CARSON: Yes. I think the – with all due respect to the – to the professor, I think that he ignores the enormous amount of political and diplomatic energy and financial resources that have been put into Africa over the last several decades and currently in helping to resolve conflicts. I know that it will sound odd to the – to the average listener, but the reality is, is that the level of violence and conflict in Africa has gone down progressively over the last four decades. And a lot of this has been due to international and Western engagement. A lot of it has been due to the march of democracy across Africa. Part of it is due to growing economic prosperity.
But just to say look back – despite the fact that we have challenges in Northern Nigeria and in several other places around the continent, look today at where there once were conflicts and there are no more, and I point to South Africa, Angola, Mozambique, Liberia, Sierra Leone. You can continue to run the gamut, and the amount of violence has actually subsided but still remains far too high. But I don't think it is an issue of race. I think the U.S. is engaged. I think the U.N. is engaged. And I think the international community is engaged. And I think, more importantly, Africans are aware of the need to help resolve these problems as well.
MR. MCMAHON: Thanks for that question. Operator, we'll take another one, please.
OPERATOR: OK, our next question comes from Phil Stewart with Reuters.
Q: Yeah, hi, and thanks for doing the call. What offers – U.S. offers of assistance to Nigeria were rejected? I know there's some limits to what you can talk about, but can you give us some sense of it because I don't – I don't know what offers were rejected. Thank you.
MR. CARSON: Well, I guess that one's directed at me. Let me just say that we made proposals and suggestions. They were all – not all fully taken up and they weren't all fully implemented in terms of recommendations made.
MR. MCMAHON: John Campbell, anything to add to that?
MR. CAMPBELL: No, not really.
MR. MCMAHON: OK. Thank you. Can we have another question, please?
OPERATOR: Our next question comes from Lisa Beyer with Bloomberg View.
Q: Thank you. Ambassador Carson, you mentioned that there was some concern that by putting Boko Haram on the terrorist list it would elevate and give additional publicity to the organization. I wonder if there is a sort of parallel concern that by the United States in a way joining the fight with the Nigerian security forces that it will have a sort of a parallel effect and also perhaps make the United States and the West more generally a target of Boko Haram?
MR. CARSON: That was also a concern.
Q: And so you have that concern now?
MR. CARSON: It was – it was a concern and of course it remains a concern. I think equally, as I pointed out before, the approach from 2009 has primarily been a security approach. It addresses the symptoms of the problem. It addresses the terrorist and extremist actions of Boko Haram. And they clearly need to be addressed but they don't address some of the issues associated with social and economic and political marginalization that people feel in the north towards the central government.
Equally, it's important that, as we go about our work, we don't want to be seen to be identified with individuals or organizations that have been engaged in human rights violations, that we want to make sure that the people that we work with are doing the right thing. To the extent that we are seen to be working with people who have carried out bad activities, we are associated with a part of the problem.
MR. CAMPBELL: Bob, may I add something here?
MR. MCMAHON: Yes, John, please.
MR. CAMPBELL: Organization – foreign terrorist organization. Boko Haram seems to me to be not so much an organization as a movement. It's highly diffuse. It's multilayered. It does not seem to have a unified command and control. Abubakar Shekau, the most prominent part of Boko Haram, appears to be much more a warlord than he does the leader of an organization.
The very diffuseness of Boko Haram accounts for the variety of different targets that it has made use of. I find it very interesting that there was a gap of almost three weeks between the kidnapping of the schoolgirls and Shekau claiming responsibility for it. This raises the question of what part or what element or what strand of Boko Haram actually carried out the kidnapping and the extent to which Shekau in fact had any particular role in it. This very diffuseness and vagueness makes the legislation that established designation of foreign terrorist organizations something which is difficult to apply.
MR. MCMAHON: And, John, to add to that in terms of the –
MR. CARSON: Can I –
MR. MCMAHON: Sure. Go ahead, Ambassador Carson.
MR. CARSON: Yeah, may I just –
MR. MCMAHON: Yeah.
MR. CARSON: – add to that to underscore this as well, and that is, is that Boko Haram is not a monolithic organization. Boko Haram is, as Ambassador Campbell pointed out, a number of very different groups, and we have to recognize that there is probably not a central command and control structure at the top going all the way down through this organization.
There are clearly individuals in Boko Haram, some of whom have broken off to form Ansaru, who are radical Islamists who seek to be a part of a larger jihadist movement, but at the very bottom of the spectrum we have individuals who probably are called Boko Haram but are nothing more than bank robbers and thieves who continue to carry out lawless activities and who were branded as Boko Haram and use that name.
So this is one of the – one of the real central elements of this – understanding this complex situation. It is not a monolithic organization. It does not have a central command and control structure. Everybody who is a part of this may be brutal and vile and very dangerous, but they're not all working under the tenets of extremism. Some of them are gangsters.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you.
And just to remind everyone on the call, we're three-quarters of the way through with CFR on-the-record media call on violence in Nigeria with CFR senior fellow John Campbell and with the former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Johnnie Carson.
Operator, do you have another question, please?
OPERATOR: Yes, sir, our next question comes from Trudy Rubin with the Philadelphia Inquirer.
Q: Thanks so much for doing this. Just to follow up on what both of you just said, when you're looking at the terrorist problem that we've seen in North Africa, where do you put Boko Haram in this spectrum if there are only links between certain elements – break-off elements with international terrorism?
And do you believe that if the social and economic issues aren't addressed and also the issue of the leadership and the Army leadership now being seen as Christian against Muslim, if these factors are not addressed, do you think that Boko Haram could morph into more of an international terrorist threat?
MR. MCMAHON: Good question. I'd like to start off with John Campbell first and then Ambassador Carson.
MR. CAMPBELL: Well, arguably, over the past several months Abubakar Shekau has been using rhetoric that we associate with, say, al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb. He has ratcheted up, for example, his anti-American rhetoric and has associated President Goodluck Jonathan with President Obama.
There are, I think, communications among the various jihadist groups operating in West Africa. At this point I do not see those communications as particularly transformative. It seems to me that what call Boko Haram remains primarily the result of specifically Nigerian factors, but that may well be changing.
Part of the issue is that the borders between Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon and Chad are in many cases little more than simply lines on a piece of paper drawn by the British and the French in the late 19th century. It's basically the same people on both sides, subject to many of the same religious influences. And indeed, insofar as Boko Haram is a response to a sense of marginalization and a protest against corruption and bad governance, those sentiments are felt elsewhere in West Africa as well. Again, I think we have to be very careful not to impose strict categories or boundaries on what is an extremely diffuse movement.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you. Ambassador Carson, something to add?
MR. CARSON: No, I just would say that right now Boko Haram remains an organization focused primarily on embarrassing, discrediting and undermining the Nigerian central authorities and is increasingly evolving its tactics to do so. It is not yet a part of a larger international jihadist movement and it is not al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb or the old al-Qaida East Africa cell. This is largely a Nigeria-focused insurgency, but it could grow larger and it could spread wider across Nigeria. It's important that the government evolve its strategy and its tactics to deal with the issue in order to maintain a cap on where it is right now.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you for that question, Trudy.
Operator, do we have another question, please?
OPERATOR: Yes. Our next question comes from Reed Kramer with allAfrica.com.
Q: Thank you. My question has to do with what options you think the U.S. government has besides – beyond any kind of military or assistance that might be provided in the context of trying to resolve and activate the political elites in Nigeria to find a solution.
John Campbell referred to the fact that much of the governing class and economic class in Nigeria has tended to ignore Boko Haram, and that's certainly true, but in the circles around the president, from the contacts I had last month there and since, I'm convinced that they believe even further that Boko Haram, or at least some of its activities, are the work of the opposition specifically, and northern governors in particular, and to the point where they seem to have believed that the kidnapping of the girls was possibly even a hoax. And this may have contributed to the lack of action until international pressure became so great that it couldn't happen anymore.
So there is an – there perhaps is an opening now, if the president has accepted U.S. assistance, for a greater U.S. activity, interaction with the government along the lines of what Johnnie Carson described happened before, but with some reservations on their part.
MR. MCMAHON: But the question is, what are the U.S. options at this point, barring that?
Q: Yes.
MR. MCMAHON: OK. John Campbell first, please?
MR. CAMPBELL: Well, what are U.S. options? U.S. options first of all are to continue to strengthen and expand the dialogue with the Jonathan administration, including certain honed truths about the role that the abuses by the security services have committed in the north, the role that has played in driving support for Boko Haram.
Secondly, I would hope that the U.S. government, but more broadly than that, including – including American NGOs and other organizations, would seek to strengthen their ties with their opposite numbers, particularly those that are in the north, to underscore the importance that we ascribe to a relationship with the north.
An extremely positive development a couple of months ago with which Ambassador Carson was directly involved was the bringing of northern governors to Washington with the U.S. Institute for Peace for conversations about a way forward. This is the sort of thing that, though it is not dramatic and it does not lead to immediate results, can build the foundations for a move forward.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you. Anything to add, Ambassador Carson?
MR. CARSON: No. I'll leave it – leave it there. And I appreciate the plug for – for USIP.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you.
Operator, is there another question, please?
OPERATOR: Yes, sir. Our next question comes from Dana Hughes with ABC News.
Q: Hi. Thank you for taking my question and doing this. Just a follow up on the AQIM and larger terrorist question. In 2012, General Ham said that he was concerned that there's evidence that AQIM is helping to fund and train some of the Boko Haram members. Can you speak to this? Is this something that you see in this communications? And how big of a problem has it been?
MR. MCMAHON: Ambassador Carson, do you want to kick off this time?
MR. CARSON: Yeah, let me – let me just say that I believe that Boko Haram gets most of, if not all of its money and resources from carrying out bank robberies and other kinds of criminal activities. The bulk of the banditry – large-scale banditry in the north is Boko Haram-related. There are bank robberies going on all the time – post offices are robbed, government buildings are robbed, money is taken. Boko Haram gets it there.
They probably are also getting some money from ransoms and kidnapping. There have been some foreigners, both missionaries, tourists and businessmen kidnapped; that is also a source of money. It doesn't take a lot of money to keep an operation like this going in a place that is so deeply impoverished.
I think most of the weapons are also coming internally. Boko Haram has carried out a number of successful military attacks against Nigerian security installations. It's raided air bases and an air base and an armory – or several armories, and it's raided a number of police stations, and in those raids, it has collected lots of weapons and ammunition. The kinds of things that they have right now are largely things that can be obtained and probably are being obtained domestically.
MR. MCMAHON: John Campbell, anything to add on the AQIM link?
MR. CAMPBELL: Just that terrorism in northern Nigeria is something that you can do on the cheap. You steal cars, you load them up with dynamite. This does not require very much money. When we talk about links between people who allegedly are Boko Haram and people who are allegedly Al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb, the question I think we have to ask is, are they transformative? Do they actually make any difference? And thus far, I haven't seen any evidence that they do.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you. It looks like we can fit in maybe two more questions if we can do them really quickly. Operator, do we have another question in the queue, please?
OPERATOR: Yes, sir. Our next question comes from Ashlee Vance with CNN.
Q: Yes, hi. Thank you so much for taking my call and doing this call. I'm actually working on a story about Patience, the first lady. Can you give me a sense of her involvement in her husband's administrations? And obviously, she has taken a – sort of, you know, international center stage with her encounter with a protestor and how her persona is perceived by Nigerians and it's portrayed in the media there?
MR. MCMAHON: John Campbell, did you want to start off with that, please?
MR. CAMPBELL: She herself, independent of her husband, has been a political figure in Bayelsa state. She has been a senior civil servant. She is, I think, clearly influential. How influential I think is very difficult for we outsiders to judge. She gets a great deal of media attention inside Nigeria. She is a controversial figure in Nigeria, as first ladies very often are. But I have no information that's any more specific than that.
MR. MCMAHON: Ambassador Carson, anything to add?
MR. CARSON: Nothing to add. She is influential. She's articulate, and she is in the public eye.
MR. MCMAHON: Thank you. Operator, do we have another question, please?
OPERATOR: Yes. Our next question comes from James Blue with ARISE Television.
Q: Hi, and thank you for doing the call. My question is really trying to sort of see through the difference between what the U.S. is offering and what the Nigerians are expecting. The White House put out under the name of Reuben Abati a press release which basically said that the U.S. has agreed to of sort of assist in the search for the missing girls, however, both at the White House briefing yesterday and in Secretary of State Kerry's briefing, that level of cooperation didn't seem to be on the table. I was just hoping you could help us understand why there may be such a vast difference between what Nigerians are expecting, and specifically, what the Americans are offering.
MR. MCMAHON: So, Ambassador Carson, you did go over this ground before, but maybe a little bit more about the dynamic between the two countries.
MR. CARSON: Let me just say that we don't know quite what the Nigerians are expecting, because we don't know what they've asked for in this latest round of discussions. We do know – and I think it's very positive and welcoming that we have asked to extend – that we've offered to extend assistance to them, and I think that's important. But we don't have any measure of what the Nigerians are asking.
The Nigerians, in the past, have been reluctant to embrace all of the advice and recommendations that have been made towards them. This is because they believe that they have had a handle on the problem and have been making progress in dealing with it. They also believe, as a large nation, that they are capable of managing these issues themselves. I think that time has shown that the problem has not gotten – has not gotten better, but in fact has gotten – has gotten worse.
I think equally, you have to remember them – the government's willingness to accept publicly large amounts of assistance – makes it look as though its policies in the past have failed, that it is ineffective and weak in dealing with the domestic issue, and that its sovereignty, if you want to get that way, is being infringed because they can't, in fact, do it themselves. All of these things are at play.
There's also domestic politics at play in this issue as well. Ambassador Campbell noted that there are some who believe that politicians in the north, including some senior politicians, have been colluding with Boko Haram, but equally, there are northern politicians who believe that the central government and some in the central government have turned a blind eye to some of the events in the north as a way of undermining northern politicians.
This is a very complex situation. We all know what has happened with the girls, what's happened with the number of terrorist attacks that have occurred, but this is being played out against a backdrop of domestic politics and lots of social and economic immiseration in the north.
MR. MCMAHON: John Campbell, last word on the subject?
MR. CAMPBELL: Just that Nigeria is scheduled to have elections early in 2015. It's widely expected that President Goodluck Jonathan will announce his candidacy for re-election, however, he has not yet made a formal announcement.
MR. MCMAHON: Well, I want to thank, first of all, both of our experts for lending their expertise to this obviously very difficult situation. Again, John Campbell, CFR senior fellow, and Johnnie Carson, former U.S. assistant secretary of state for African affairs and now a senior adviser at USIP. And thanks for all of you on the call for great questions. This concludes this CFR on-the-record media call on violence in Nigeria.


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Check with Bill Autrey at Autrey Kennels. His fdaughter has one and Bill has trained and run in hunt tests.
Check with Bill Autrey at Autrey Kennels. His fdaughter has one and Bill has trained and run in hunt tests.
A true friend is someone who reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
There is a nice couple in VA that have a pair. They are members of our club, but I have not trained with their dogs on "our" types of set-ups. I have, however, had the pleasure of watching them work at a pheasant shoot. The dogs seemed to enjoy it and they brought the birds back...
Mioaks Southbound Sammy JH
Leatherwood's Here's Your One Chance Fancy
"Luck is the residue of design"- Branch Rickey
Brad, wondering if the retriever in your
Avatar is, "Sam"?
I met two Spinone's here in Maine while training on water one day. Saw them a couple more times as the season went, but not for probably 3? years now. Owners were very nice and joined in some marks. I thought they were very neat dogs..interesting. Have met just a couple others here and there. I think at some obedience trials as well. Owners always seemed pleased to talk about them. If one likes a breed and what they have to offer and enjoys them, that's a good thing!
Choctaw's Daring Greatly (10/19/2015)
Choctaw's Piscataquis Sebec UD MH CGC WCX ***(All-Breed AM 2nd)
UCDX HR SR Sand Dancer's XX MTB Ranger UDT, MH, WCX **, UKC HR Finished & U-B Legs, OTCH Points, Utility B Win, Agility HIT (1/20/2001-7/24/2015)
HR SR Scarlett's Andi O'Malley CD SH OA NAJ CGC (OAJ-2 Placements) 9/16/1995-3/31/2011
I have seen quite a few in NAVHDA. Definatly slower wnd more methodical but a few out there are doing really well. One male passed the VC a few years ago. Saw his video and he has nice drive. I know several that were very hard to get swimming well... so it is still a be careful and SEE the parents in action in my book.
Look into a Wirehaired Pointing Griffon if you like the looks and style of hunting offerred by a spinone. They are smaller, still prone to be closer working and methodical but a notch up in drive maybe and broader base of good hunting dogs to choose from.
Fyi all the spinone I have met have been very friendly - not people shy - but some soft for training
Laurie Thompson
BriarField Kennels, Dunlap TN
HR Kerrybrooks That's A Fact Jack JH, RE (Lab)
UKC Ch, SHR Briarfields Liebe Me Do DJ (GSP)
Int'l Ch Snips Tennessee Jed SH, NAVHDA NA pz 1(GSP, retired)
CH Briarfields Autumn Connection JH, NAVHDA NA Pz 2(GSP)
Miss Mabel Marshdog CGC, TDI certified, canine blood donor (Lab, at the Rainbow Bridge)
Spinoni are far and away the best water dogs of the so-called "continental" breeds allowed into AKC retriever tests last year. If trained, of course - and like all gundogs ('ceptin' the "bird dogs" that only point for their ribbons and don't have to retrieve a'tall) they need to be trained for the task. Are we clear, aw?
Last edited by crackerd; 11-29-2012 at 05:37 AM.
I have seen them at several NAVHDA events. My impression: slow moving, quarter really close, very thorough in hunting, very friendly and probably perfect for someone who is older and wants a versatile dog. At one NAVHDA event a spinone did the best work but in my opinion it was too slow for my taste. And I really don't care for the coat.
"I love the rod and gun and where they take me."
"Do not judge a man until you have walked two moons in his moccasins."
I've trained a couple. They are friendly, sweet dogs, big, slow and close working. If you decide to get one, check out the parents and background. The two I worked with had prey drive close to zero, and couldn't find a bird in their feed pan. Doesn't mean they're all like that, but I would choose very carefully.
Sharon Potter
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers...too many to list.
Team Huntsmith
Hunted over one this past year. Slow and all of the above. Worst part I could see is the burs and stickers were really bad to get out after the hunt. The breed did not get my interest at all.
A cold nose feels good on a hot day.....
Majestic Oaks Liberty Belle JH
I have judged that spinone on Mr. Bill's truck. As I recall, it was a nice dog, not "fast" but nicely "motivated."
Wm. Mark Edwards
Pascagoula, MS
HRCH (500) UH Ellie Mae MH CGC
HRCH Tipsy MH

subset: commoncrawl


text: Ok...so my lab pup has been crate training. He's 100 percent reliable around the house when we are there with him.....he goes to the door and lets us know when he needs to GO. However nighttime is a different deal. He's not having accidents every night but he's having probably 2 or 3 a week. His crate is a Precision Pet Products crate....the one for dogs up to 110 pounds. We have been making sure he goes out several times every evening...he always does his deed.....usually pees several times and poops as well. We ALWAYS take him out one last time before we go to bed and we try to limit his water intake just a bit in the evenings....he drinks like a dang horse if we let him. I guess I'm going to answer my own question....I need to get up in the middle of the night and let him out?? At this age how long should he be able to hold it? How often do you let your pups out at night? And another thing....sometimes he barks and lets us know but it's almost always too late by the time I get there to let him out.


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xcal1ber wrote:Been looking at getting this gun and I am wanting to see what is the best choke/shell/shot combo for this gun.. Clark, I would especially like to hear your findings on this if you have ever tested this gun, and I am happy to hear what anyone else has experienced with this gun.
xcal1ber wrote:Awesome!! Thanks for all the info, because I was wondering how it cycled weaker shells. Thanks again clark!
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Latest Headlines
B's Caught in Holi-Daze, Sneak Past Lightning
Posted on 29 Dec 2010 by Matt Preston.
The power came back on across the South Shore of Massachusetts on Tuesday following the blizzard that swept through the state on Sunday night, but there was not much electricity in Tampa Bay as the Boston Bruins struggled to put away the Tampa Bay Lightning, 4-3. Things have not been all too festive for the Boston Bruins throughout this holiday season. The Bruins dropped four out of five games ...


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Very happy with this purchase 11/23/2011Lou from Phila. Pa
The quality of this furniture is much better than I expected. It was very easy to assemble as well. I highly recommend this if you need to hide your cats litter box.
Great multi use, but not the price. 10/15/2011Alexx Kaye from Freeport, IL
we were going to purchase in store, and after viewing the item, and seeing that it was almost $200, we decided NOT go go with it, it's rather large, and works great as a front door sitting, or in the bathroom (if your bathroom is large enough) but my husband being the craftsman that he is, throught to build a better one, that is more versitile, and it honestly is, for about 1/3 of the cost!


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From the Wallet Hub a beginning look at the impact on US: With President Donald Trump's plans for financing the soon-to-be-constructed border wall with Mexico sparking concerns about a possible trade battle between our two nations, the personal-finance website WalletHub conducted an in-depth analysis of 2017′s States Most Affected by Trade War with Mexico. In […]
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Maui Jim Wiki Wiki Sunglasses - Gold Frame with HCL Bronze Lens
Prices, promotions, styles and availability may vary by store and online.
Lens treatments and frames are saltwater-safe
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Inspired by the Hawaiian phrase for "hurry quick," Maui Jim Wiki Wiki Sunglasses combine lightweight, full-metal frames and proprietary MauiGradient lens treatments. Wiki wiki, or you may miss out on all the beauty that PolarizedPlus 2 lenses can offer! Perfect for formal events or active casual wear, the Wiki Wiki's lens treatments and frames are saltwater-safe. Perfect for smaller- to medium-sized faces, the Wiki Wiki's modified aviator frame shape covers the complete periphery of the eye for superior wind, sun, glare, and UV protection. Maui Jim case and cleaning cloth included.
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Taste a classic recipe! This pie is bursting with fresh lemon taste and a sweet, creamy real meringue topping.
You can taste the difference! Pastry made with self-rising flour differs in flavor and texture from that made with all-purpose flour.
For the best meringue, be sure not to get any egg yolks into the egg whites while separating the eggs, because even a speck of yolk will prevent the whites from beating properly.
Use Betty Crocker® pie crust mix for the scratch pie crust in this recipe and save time.
Rise to the occasion! If using self-rising flour, there is no need to add salt.
© 2017 ®/TM General Mills All Rights Reserved


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- User Name: ashiteruSweetSurrender
- Member Since: Sunday, December 26, 2004, 2:03 PM
- Donation Level: Total Leech
- Name: Shane Meyer
- Studio: Matchmaker STUDIOS
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- Forum Info: Profile Posts (326)
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138 opinions
[average 119.6 of 231388 opinions; standard deviation 432.5 ]
- Profile: I'm 22, I love reading and watching romance anime/manga. I started out with Sailor Moon only 'cause my two best friends were hooked and of course eventually it was bound to happen...lol. I love angst aswell and anything on beat... ha. I'm very easy to talk to and I love helping people through things... I have a real wide sense of humor and i'm open to many things. I love making friends on here, such as my good AMV friend kajin_phoenixlord, who are as well easy to talk to. I go on obsessions with making my vids and I thoroughly enjoy watching others as well! Again, feel free to talk to me, and checkout my free opinions thread link at the bottom!
* * *
Suprisingly enough my vid's seem to be going pretty well!! I'm really proud 'cause I never had much confidence in my talent, thank you guys for all your support!!!
* * *
Vids in PROGRESS:
"I Can Hear The Bells" - HanaKimi - A Nakatsu Character Video
"Twilight" - Trailer Audio w/ Vampire Knight
* * *
Manga I'm Interested In:
Imadoki (Nowadays)
Peach Girl
Ayashi No Ceres
Fruits Basket **
Full Moon **
Kare Kano
Dream Saga
Juvenille Orion
Fushigi Yuugi
Marmalade Boy
Ultra Maniac
Peach Girl : Change of Heart
Dream Saga (good choice Jess!)
Host Club
Cardcaptor Sakura : Master of the Clow
One Piece
Full Metal Panic!
**Favorite Artist: Yuu Watase :)
* * *
Non-anime Music Videos:
Yours To Keep - Peter Pan vid. - You can still watch HERE!!!
* * *
What I Want List:
2. Full Moon Wo Sagashite
:: Really cute, and heartwarming... a bit sad at times but just for the ending i'd by the second box set.
1. Photoshop CS for masks
2. Premiere Pro 1.0 for editing and effects
3. Adobe After Effects 6.5 for Super effects and rare things
4. New computer (just for editing)
6.Sony Vegas 6.0
*crosses fingers*
Itsumo Bara says HI!! AISHITERU ~xoxoxoxoxoxoxo~ ^_^ (you can erase after u see this i just wanted to drop by)
-- why would I erase you?? haha. that's right... ur gonna be on here for a LOOONG time... muahahaha! *cough* lol.
Aishiteru, Sakari -best wishes- FETUS
-- I wonder who wrote that? hehe.


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Over the years we, as turkey hunters, have done an excellent job of getting out and patterning our guns at various ranges, normally at a maximum of 40 yards, to make sure we can cleanly and ethically kill a bird with one shot.
We have pretty much adopted the 10" circle to use as an area for comparison of one choke/load to another. Many of us also like to see a good "fringe" pattern of 14", 15" or even 20" around that 10" core pattern. We want to make sure that if we move or the turkey moves, we'll still have enough pellets in the right place to make the kill cleanly.
There are always many discussions about what the number of hits should be in that 10" circle. Many of us have some number that we consider to acceptable and many of us also consider the "quality" of the pattern and not just the "quantity" of the hits.
Over the past few years, I've established a standard for evaluation patterns to count the gaps in the pattern. I like to use a 1 1/2" circle to find the gaps. I move that circle around in the pattern to try to find any place that it will fit without touching holes made by the shot.
Since no pattern is perfect, I expect to see a few of those 1 1/2" circles, maybe even 5 or 6 of them. I do not consider any pattern that has gaps of 2" or more any place in them to be acceptable however, regardless of the number of hits within that circle.
I also only consider patterns shot at real-life turkey hunting temperatures to be helpful to me, since patterns shot in higher temperatures will be much more dense and have higher numbers.
In our part of the world, in both the spring and fall, that usually means that we hunt in temperatures that are in the 40s at most. When I pattern guns in those temperatures, I know how real hunting patterns will look.
With the seemingly ever increasing cost of shotshells, it appears that we should get as much meaningful information from each shell that we shoot as possible.
Your thoughts?


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Latest Headlines
Hardy's Numbers Are Impressive and He Should Be Noticed
Posted on 20 Jun 2011 by Alex Van Rees.
Baseball fans may have already given up on the Baltimore Orioles as they are now five games under .500 and seem to not be able to play consistent baseball, but newly acquired shortstop J.J. Hardy is putting together a resurgent season and a possible All-Star bid, but has anyone noticed? J.J., or James Jerry, Hardy was born in Phoenix, Arizona, in 1982. Hardy has produced much more than the Orio...


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Replacement Ear Tips/Earbuds for Apple In-Ear with Remote and Mic Headphones.


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Manufacturer: Aiwa Manufacturer: SENTRY 3 Results
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This digital stereo headset comes pack with a storage case , no more cables around just storage them after you use them. 3.5mm jack allows you to use this headset with a wide range of portable electronics.


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Wife surprises her husband with McLaren 650S Supercars
April 29, 2017
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Hybrids aren't just for granola-snacking Birkenstock wearers anymore, and Infiniti is on a mission to prove it with the 2012 M35h hybrid. To do so, the luxury sedan has set a... read more September 20, 2011 by Nelson Ireson 0
Nissan and its Infiniti luxury division may have been late to the table when it comes to hybrids but neither brand is shying away from launching a new generation of... read more August 13, 2010 by Viknesh Vijayenthiran 2


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Hmm, haven't posted here in ages ...
Latest hacking: updating Linux Hotplug scripts to cope with the current 2.5 stuff. Modutils is at least limping in a mostly-usable way, but the new stuff isn't as complete or usable as the old stuff (and may yet change a lot). There's the first whack at a scsi agent, but there's a distinct lack of thorough solutions for the "here's a new disk partition's /dev path, now mount it" problem. I'm hoping that gets fixed before Linux 2.6 freezes, but this is exactly the kind of stuff that tends to take Longer Than You'd Think It Should.
Haven't touched Java or XML in quite a while; I should bring some stuff there up-to-date.
Tom tromey recently wrote that he's interested in knowing why, in particular, GCJ is less "successful" than Mono. Heh, the Sun-vs-Microsoft battle in its Free software mode. Time-to-usability for GCJ was relatively long, in part because it was tied to the gcc3 train. That hurts; the "release early and often" strategy didn't apply there, and I understand it did work with Mono.
But I think another issue is Sun's antagonism to Free Java. That's hurt a lot more than Microsoft's more generic anti-GPL jihad. After all, Sun ("the Open Systems Company") was intent on cutting itself off from its roots, which damaged its relationship with the entire software community. If it had put any real effort into fostering the Free Java community, everyone would be better off in a lot of ways.


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ESET has discovered a new version of the Delphi infector, Win32/Induc. Unlike its predecessors, however, this variant incorporates a seriously malicious payload and has acquired some extra file infection and self-replicative functionality.
Two years ago, we published comprehensive information (here , here, and here) about the virus Win32/Induc.A, which infected Delphi files at compile-time. Though not very advanced technically, the virus was nevertheless interesting, because instead of infecting executable files directly, it targeted a standard library in the very popular Delphi programming environment. As a result, every[1] application compiled in this infected Delphi IDE was infected. Perhaps, the author was inspired by a 1984 paper by Ken Thompson that describes a somewhat similar infection method by modifying a C compiler[2].
And even though this malware really only affected installations with Delphi installed, it started spreading very successfully around the world by way of a number of applications written in Delphi (including, ironically, some examples of malware).
But apart from the eye-catching infection mechanism, the Induc.A virus had no other malicious payload. However, that changed 2 years later, with the appearance of new variants.
In July 2011, ESET first detected Induc.B. This version was still quite similar to the first one in that it lacked a genuinely malicious payload, but the code had been rewritten, and there were some noticeable improvements:
Otherwise, the infection mechanism remained the same – by recompiling the standard Delphi library SysConst.pas after writing the virus code to it.
The latest variant of the virus, Win32/Induc.C, featured much more dramatic changes. ESET discovered this version in August 2011. The code is completely different from its predecessors and the only functional similarity is that it infects Delphi. However the infection mechanism has changed and where before only Delphi applications were infected (i.e. at compilation), a new infection vector for infecting any .exe file has been added. The most significant change is the addition of downloader functionality. Induc.C creates a backdoor through which other malware can be downloaded and run, thus greatly expanding the capabilities of the malware.
Figure 1 – Malicious code inserted into SysInit.pas
To summarize some of the new features and changes in Win32/Induc.C:
Figure 2 – One of the downloaded avatars
By comparing the different versions of the virus, it becomes apparent that the first versions of Induc were some kind of Beta phase of development, where the author experimented with the (somewhat) innovative method of infection. On the other hand, the latest variant, Induc.C, is regular malware with clearly illicit ambitions.
Figure 3 – Debugging the Delphi infection code in OllyDbg
As we've mentioned above, the Induc malware family has been spreading actively, as confirmed by statistics from ESET Live Grid technology (an upgraded version of ESET's cloud-based ThreatSense.Net system):
Figure 4 – Detection statistics for all Induc variants
We can see that the virus has been spreading globally, with the most detections coming from Russia, followed by China, but with a significant number also recorded in the United States. With the latest variant, Win32/Induc.C, the numbers are different and very interesting:
Figure 5 – Detection statistics for Induc.C
The highest number of detections has been recorded in Slovakia and Russia, adding up to over 80% of worldwide detections of Induc.C. Note, however, that the two pie charts aren't directly comparable, as detections of Induc.C constitute less than 1% of all Induc detections (which already run into the thousands daily). That's not to say that Induc.C is not spreading rapidly, but it's the new kid on the block: once it gains traction, the distribution statistics could look very different.
ESET will continue monitoring the evolution of this virus and provide protection as it develops. This latest variant represents a significantly more serious threat than its earlier incarnations.
For a detailed write-up of the virus, check out our Virus Encyclopaedia entries for Win32/Induc.A and Win32/Induc.C.
Robert Lipovsky
Malware Researcher
[1] Given that the programmer didn't manually exclude the library from the project.
[2] Ken Thompson: Reflections on Trusting Trust (1984), Communications of the ACM Vol. 27, No. 8
Author Robert Lipovsky, ESET


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OK… this may seem like a rant.. and it probably will be.. so if you want.. stop reading right now. I could really care less what you all think about my opinion on this one.
The other night I attended my oldest son's wrestling match at the High School. Before the match, as with all sporting events they pay respect to the Nation by playing the National Anthem. The announcer asked for everyone to stand, face the flag, and remove their hats. The crowd stood and turned toward the flag. The Anthem began to play. Immediately a group of students in front of us begin to talk, and horse around. One of their cell phones ring and a conversation starts between the caller and the student. One of the teens starts a little dance to the sound of our National Anthem and by the time "Home of the Brave" is sung the group of teens are ready to move on with the evening.
The point.
What ever happened to the respect that our National Anthem warranted? What ever happened to respecting the meaning of our National song? What ever happened to the feeling of National Pride in hearing the words that tell the story of American character, determination, and endurance?
It drives me wild to see the disrespect of our National Anthem or the lack of understanding of why we play it.
It upsets me that in the face of men and women that have served our Nation, these teens could not show one minute and thirty two seconds of respect to our Country, the rest of the people in the stands, and yes.. I'll be selfish.. Me.
Now I am not so arrogant to think that the National Anthem should be played for me… no… this is as American as … as stupid as this sounds… America.
We teach our Scouts to be good citizens. Is this not a basic part of citizenship?
I am done with the rant… but I have to say that this is really something that gets under my skin.
When you teach your Scouts.. or any one else about citizenship.. help them with some understanding of our National Anthem. Teach them by being a good example and placing your hand over your heart. Learn the words. Stand and face the flag and show 1:32 of respect.
Have a Great Scouting Day!


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» an Office of Science User Facility
Sector 23 utilizes canted undulators to provide two independent sources for 23-ID-B (U33) and 23-ID-D (U30). The beamlines support macromolecular crystallography, MAD/SAD phasing, virus crystallography, and microcrystals. The beamlines are equipped with on-axis-microscopes allowing parallax free alignment. Our quad-mini-beam collimators (Fischetti, et.al. JSR 16, 217-225) provide high intensity 5, 10 or 20 micron beams. The sample goniometer has a ~1 micron (peak-to-peak) sphere-of-confusion. Powerful user friendly software (JBluIce-EPICS) provides the ability to raster scan the diffractive or fluorescence properties of a sample to locate micro-crystals or map the properties of larger crystals. The effects of radiation damage can be mitigated by spreading the dose over a 3-dimensional vector. An ALS-style sample automounter (BAM-1) provides high throughput sample screening. The automounter accommodates ALS-Hampton pins in ALS, Unipuck, or Rigaku pucks.
The GM/CA JBluIce-EPICS user friendly interface retains the look of the original SSRL BluIce, but has been completely rewritten in JAVA at GM/CA to run on EPICS, VME EPICS/MEDM low level interface, PMAC Turbo motion control, and Linux workstations for data collection and processing (Stepanov, et.al. Acta. Cryst. D. 67, 176-188). The JBluIce-EPICS software is an open source available for downloading from GM/CA files depository.
3.0 Undulator
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Flux (photons/sec)
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For additional information see:
The Advanced Photon Source is an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scienceby Argonne National Laboratory.
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Merkury Innovations Sport Ear Buds (Assorted Colors)
Merkury Innovations Sport Ear Buds (Assorted Colors)New Sport Headphones were designed for the athlete in you. With Vertical In-the-Ear design and non-slip silicone earbuds, these headphones will fit securely and comfortably even when you're at your most active. Three pairs of soft silicone ear inserts ensure a perfect fit for nearly everyone.
Wan Xuan i9pro Custom IEM
First custom earphone in the world with a single 14mm dynamic driver couples with advanced frequency suppression technology (FST). Frequency Response: 10-20000 Hz Impedance:16ohms(including cable) Sensitivity (at 1kHz):116dB spl (1mW) Important: Due to the size of the driver, people with small ears may not be able to fit. We would need your ear impressions to check for sizes...


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- Works of Toyohiko Satoh 1
Toyhiko Satoh (1981): "PELERINAGE AU ROLLANT" It is not easy to classify Satoh's "Pelerinage au Rollant", based on texts chosen from "La Chanson de Roland", under one subtitle. As an authority in the field of the Renaissance in all its musical aspects, Satoh has made a kind of reconstruction which gives the impression that it has been based on the principles of an old music drama. Yet he did not confine himself to slavishly imitating the existing old sound structures. On the contrary, it is worth remarking that he integrated the primitive, classical, oriental, western and (in some cases) the modern ways of expressing...
Additional Information
|Main artist
Plerinage au Rollant (1981);
ensemble "ALBA MUSICA KYO" is a group based on 3 Japanese musicians (Toyohiko Satoh, Chiyomi Yamade and Taka Kitazato) resident of Holland. They perform Europian music composed between 14C and 17C, including some contemporary music, as well as those which are based on traditional Japanese tunes. Often they work with a few more musicians together depending on the music they perform. "Lute" is the centre of the group with a voice, woodwind instruments, string instruments and percussions. "KYC" means in Japanese; "the Capital", "Today", "Crazy", "Bridge", or "Harmony" at the same time. And "ALBA" is "Dawn" or "Beginning". Therefore the name of the group can mean; "Dawn of today's musdic" or "Beginning of crazy music", or even "The start of noble Japanese music, etc... The members of this recording:
(...) In a couple of minutes we have encountered the doleful grace of a Renaissance ensemble. (...) Fanfare
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(...) In a couple of minutes we have encountered the doleful grace of a Renaissance ensemble. (...) Fanfare
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text: Seems like we already bailed out Chrysler a while back. Do we really need to bail out the big three? Maybe they should look at what they are producing instead. The Big 3 only make money building trucks, so maybe they need to just scale back and build trucks. What's killing them is that thier passenger vehicles(cars) are not in demand. Imports completely dominate passenger vehicle sales. By not bailing them out, we could free them from their union since they are a major part of the problem. The Auto Workers Union supported the Democrats and now they are calling thier chips in. I say, let the chips fall where they may and hopefully they can come back with the right business plan. That is, building what people want to buy instead of what they want to build.P S...I think Chrysler builds great passenger vehicles. However, the domestic automakers have such a bad reputation for the cars they use to build that I'm not sure they can make a comeback.


text:
List your favorite sleepers below
Printable View
List your favorite sleepers below
Here are a few of mine:
Richard Rodgers - TE Cal - Big TE who can get down the field. He is a Junior, but there has been talk of him declaring since Cal is so terrible.
Josh Stewart - WR Oklahoma St - Another Junior but a perfect slot option in the Pros. Excellent returner who is very versatile. Basically what we thought Jernigan could be.
Corey Robinson - OT South Carolina - Massive OT with the feet to possibly play LT yet he barely gets talked about. Would not be surprised if he is a top 2 round guy when the draft rolls around. Think Marcus McNeill
Rashad Reynolds - CB Oregon St. - Very good corner. Was as good as Poyer was last year. A little down this year but has ability.
Denzel Perryman - LB Miami - Excellent LB prospect. Can play inside or out and is scheme versatile. Would be an excellent 3-4 ILB or a 4-3 WLB. Could start in year 1 and will probably be available in round 3.
Shaquil Barrett OLB Colorado St- 2 sacks vs Bama. 1 on Cyrus Kouandjio who is one of the top OT in the draft. (7-FA)
Boseko Lokombo OLB Oregon http://draftbreakdown.com/video/bose...-vs-ucla-2013/ Idk if they do this every game but they placed his guy all over the place it looked like. He looks like he has really good coverage skills for a LB and looked nice on those blitzes. Looks fast for a LB (projected 4-5)
L'Damian Washington WR Missouri- 6'4 runs a 4.3 according to announcers. Beats Florida deep twice http://draftbreakdown.com/video/ldam...-florida-2013/ (6th round)
Trevor Reilly DE/OLB Utah- Plays all over the place, versatile player http://draftbreakdown.com/video/trev...y-vs-usc-2013/ (5th round)
I also like Telvin Smith (OLB) and Rashad Greene (WR) from FSU. Jay Bromley (DT) is a guy I like a lot from the Cuse!
I have a bunch of sleepers i like. Some of my guys aren't really sleepers anymore, like Rob Blanchflower TE Umass and Deone Buccannon S Wash St. Some guys i like that are undervalued right now or just being overlooked would be
Silas Redd RB Usc- I wish he caught the ball more, but i like the way he runs. Hes a physical back despite not being overly big and he has very good balance and vision. He runs really well between the tackles.
Denicos Allen OLB Michigan St- Good blitzer, solid tackler, plays bigger then listed weight, and is extremely active. Watch most Mich St games, and u will here his name called then just about any state defender.
Xavier Grimble TE Usc- Not having a monster yr in the pass game, but the potential is clearly there. I think Grimble fits the giants like a glove. The guy can block and would be a asset in the redzone. We could use the redzone threat if we are to lose Nicks.
Larry Webster DE Bloomsburg- Have seen very little but get the impression this kid has a chance to be a great situational pass rusher in the pros. Hes got NFL bloodlines with his pops also. Hes alittle light, but highliy athletic and very productive. Could be a beast on 3rd downs.
rb-Isaiah Cromwell alabama state ,very talented just needs to stop being dumb off the field
rb-antonio andrews western kentucky- balance,speed, power , size, versatility
de-demarcus lawrence boise state - 8.5 sacks in 9 games
te-colt lyerla -former* oregon duck- physical specimen very athletic and potential
OT-cornelius lucas - 7 foot huge man ,his arms must be so very long , and he has stepped up for his team ,kansas state


text:
WTF was the white house thinking flying an AF1 look a like over Ground Zero? Really this guy and his staff don't have a clue and/or just don't give a crap about anyone except obummer
I am sure Jeff and others will be along to tell us ohomo was not involved in it but his staff was. Causing 1000's of people in NYC to panic is inexcusable and at the very least the sfatt responcible should be fired. but hey whay would he fire anyone on staff, I mean if you don;t have to pay taxes and can call returning vets a threat to the United States why would he fire somebody over a silly little thing like this?
Oh yeah I forgot as long as you say sorry anything goes


text:
In a previous blog post we explained already why we decided to build our own report generation tool. In this post we will explain the main principles and components the tool consists of.
First of all, Docufy is a tool for developers: for APEX developers … surely, but in fact for anyone who is developing against an Oracle database and who needs a printable output. In the current version, the printable document is a .DOCX file.
How does it work?
Docufy consists of two major components:
1) a front-end application (UI), used for defining the metadata that describes the documents. The actual UI is written in APEX and is available in all 4.x versions. We are also working on a Eclipse-RCP version of the UI.
2) a PL/SQL engine, which contains all the intelligence and generates the desired output
1) The APEX UI
The main objective of APEX UI is to give the developer an easy interface to configure his document. There are different screens where you can enter the metadata of your 'printable' report. This metadata consists of:
– one or more SQL statements
– minimal 1 Word-template (DOCX)
– and optionally input parameters
Following screenshot gives you a general idea of how the UI looks like:
2) The PL/SQL Engine
The PL/SQL Engine retrieves the metadata which is defined via the UI as input for a given document. It executes the SQL statement(s), binds them with the parameter(s) and gets the specified DOCX-template.
Thereafter, this template is unzipped. As you may know, a DOCX-document is an amalgam of different XML-files. The engine replace all data tags in the document.xml file by the corresponding business data.
At the end all XML-files are packed again in a DOCX-output-document, which is returned as a BLOB variable to the calling program.
Following picture gives a schematic overview of the concept:
So, summarizing:
Docufy is a RAD-tool for generating operational reports. With its intuitive APEX UI, you easily configure your documents by adding DOCX-templates and SQL-queries. The engine is written in PL/SQL, which makes installation, integration and maintenance a walk in the park. The tool comes as a packaged application for APEX 4.x.
Follow @docufy on twitter


text:
By Ben Levisohn
The S&P 500 looks set to open higher and rise for just the second time in seven days–and for once the move has little to do what the Federal Reserve may or may not do.
Standard & Poor's 500 futures gained 0.3%, Dow Jones Industrial Average futures have ticked up 0.2, and the Nasdaq 100 has risen 0.5% after after the number of Americans filing for unemployment benefits fell to its lowest level since 2007 and China's economy showed signs of recovery.
First China. HSBC's Flash China manufacturing purchasing managers' index rose to 50.1 in August, up from 47.7 in July. A reading above 50 indicates an economy may be growing. HSBC's Hongbin Qu, its chief China economist, explains the importance of the data:
China's manufacturing growth has started to stabilise on the back of modest improvements of new business and output. This is mainly driven by the initial filtering through of recent fine-tuning measures and companies' restocking activities, despite the continuous external weakness. We expect further filtering-through, which is likely to deliver some upside surprises to China's growth in the coming months.
U.S. jobless claims, meanwhile, continue to fall. Bloomberg reports:
The number of claims in the month ended Aug. 17 declined to 330,500 a week on average, the least since November 2007, a Labor Department report showed today in Washington. Compared with a week earlier, claims rose by 13,000 to 336,000, in line with the median forecast of 48 economists surveyed by Bloomberg.
Firings are waning as employers hold on to workers to meet sales, which may be a precursor to bigger gains in payrolls once the effects of federal budget cuts and higher payroll taxes fades in the second half of 2013. Growth in employment, together with rising incomes, will help buoy consumer confidence and spending, which accounts for about 70 percent of the economy.
In earnings news, Hain Celestial (HAIN) has gained 7% to $77.99 after it reported a profit of 65 cents a share, above forecasts for 61 cents, and predicted higher-than-expected revenue and earnings for the year.
There was plenty of devastation on the Street this morning, however. Hormel Foods (HRL) has dropped 1.4% to $41.52 after it said it earned a profit of 42 cents a share, below forecasts for 45 cents, while L Brands (LTD) has dropped 2.3% to $58.50 after the company beat second-quarter earnings forecasts but said third-quarter profits would come in between 23 cents and 28 cents a share, below analyst projections for 29 cents.
Those losses were nothing compared to Sears Holding (SHLD), which has dropped 6.6% to $40.40 after reporting a loss of $1.46 a share, missing analyst forecast for a loss of $1.07. And check out Abercrombie & Fitch (ANF). The retailer has dropped 18.5% to $38.16 after it reported a profit of 14 cents a share, missing its own forecast of 28 cents to 33 cents for the quarter. Abercrombie also said it would earn 40 cents to 45 cents during the current quarter, below analyst forecasts.


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You probably think of water as a substance that can put out fires. But some elements are so reactive that they burn in water. In fact, they virtually explode in water. That's what is happening in the photo above. About 3 pounds of sodium were added to water, and the result was this explosive reaction. Why is sodium such a reactive element? In this lesson you will find out.
The First Group
Sodium (Na) is an element in group 1 of the periodic table of the elements. This group (column) of the table is shown in Figure below. It includes the nonmetal hydrogen (H) and six metals that are called alkali metals. Elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons. These are the electrons in their outer energy level that can be involved in chemical reactions. Valence electrons determine many of the properties of an element, so elements in the same group have similar properties. All the elements in group 1 have just one valence electron. This makes them very reactive.
Q: Why does having just one valence electron make group 1 elements very reactive?
A: With just one valence electron, group 1 elements are "eager" to lose that electron. Doing so allows them to achieve a full outer energy level and maximum stability.
Reactivity of Group 1 Elements
Hydrogen is a very reactive gas, and the alkali metals are even more reactive. In fact, they are the most reactive metals and, along with the elements in group 17, are the most reactive of all elements. The reactivity of alkali metals increases from the top to the bottom of the group, so lithium (Li) is the least reactive alkali metal and francium (Fr) is the most reactive. Because alkali metals are so reactive, they are found in nature only in combination with other elements. They often combine with group 17 elements, which are very "eager" to gain an electron.
Other Properties of Alkali Metals
Besides being very reactive, alkali metals share a number of other properties.
- Alkali metals are all solids at room temperature.
- Alkali metals are low in density, and some of them float on water.
- Alkali metals are relatively soft. Some are even soft enough to cut with a knife, like the sodium pictured in the Figure below.
A Closer Look
Although all group 1 elements share certain properties, such as being very reactive, they are not alike in every way. Three different group 1 elements are described in more detail below. Notice the ways in which they differ from one another.
Hydrogen has the smallest, lightest atoms of all elements. Pure hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is nontoxic but highly flammable. Hydrogen gas exists mainly as diatomic ("two-atom") molecules (H2), as shown in the diagram on the right. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and the third most abundant element on Earth, occurring mainly in compounds such as water.
Q: Why do you think hydrogen gas usually exists as diatomic molecules?
A: Each hydrogen atom has just one electron. When two hydrogen atoms bond together, they share a pair of electrons. The shared electrons fill their only energy level, giving them the most stable arrangement of electrons.
Potassium is a soft, silvery metal that ignites explosively in water. It easily loses its one valence electron to form positive potassium ions (K+), which are needed by all living cells. Potassium is so important for plants that it is found in almost all fertilizers, like the one shown here. Potassium is abundant in Earth's crust in minerals such as feldspar.
Francium has one of the largest, heaviest atoms of all elements. Its one valence electron is far removed from the nucleus, as you can see in the atomic model on the right, so it is easily removed from the atom. Francium is radioactive and quickly decays to form other elements such as radium. This is why francium is extremely rare in nature. Less than an ounce of francium is present on Earth at any given time.
Q: Francium decays too quickly to form compounds with other elements. Which elements to you think it would bond with if it could?
A: With one valence electron, francium would bond with a halogen element in group 17, which has seven valence electrons and needs one more to fill its outer energy level. Elements in group 17 include fluorine and chlorine.
- Group 1 of the periodic table includes hydrogen and the alkali metals.
- Because they have just one valence electron, group 1 elements are very reactive. As a result, they are found in nature only in combination with other elements.
- Alkali metals are all solids at room temperature. They are relatively soft and low in density.
- From the top to the bottom of group 1, the elements have heavier, more reactive atoms.
- What are alkali metals?
- Why is hydrogen, a nonmetal, placed in the same group as the alkali metals?
- Explain why group 1 elements often form compounds with elements in group 17.
- Compare and contrast hydrogen and francium.


text:
i own a small sporting good store i don't deal in guns but do in ammo. the ffl thing pain in the ass is why. but
i do buy from the largest wholesaler in the nation. i would say 98 to 99% of all ammo is sold out only a
few specialty rounds available, or the real expensive loads. ya hording, ya people are uncomfortable , ya
some are quite stocked up. whatever it is in the u.s.a it is still the right to do whatever is legal. just chill if
your from the far left and don't like seeing a economy grow. i feel obama definetly helped it in this regard.
re-distributed wealth comments sure don't help the situation either
keith l.
I may be old, buthave great health still.
Common sense is no longer.
It now called common knowledge.
If one is not exposed to something, they would not have common sense, for they know not.
It all starts with one thing and progresses to more.
Just ask the aussies.
The 2nd isn't about hunting wade, its about us being armed against enemies foreign and DOMESTIC.
Noone has a right to tell me as a free man what i can or cannot own, when i have a right as per our constitution to own what i want.
Go worship your messiah in chief. I for one will never call him "my president"
Bigger gooberment, more debt, more control. I fought against communism, and will not stand by and watch it happen in the country i fought for.
If they come for mine, i WILL take some with me.
Put that in your pipe and smoke it.


text:
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- Manufacturer: RogarEach piece of granite is uniquely beautiful
- Model: 0417Sure to remain in excellent condition for many, many years
- White Wave Granite HandleColor and veining of each piece will vary depending on the proportions of the minerals
- Works with Estate, Champion, and Vintner openersEasy to attach this replacement handle to your wine opener
- Warranty: One Year LimitedWeight: 1 pounds


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