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EPA's Methane Rule a lot of Hot Air
Posted by Edwin Portugal on Tuesday, October 27th, 2015, 1:00 PM PERMALINK
As he nears the end of his presidency, Obama is increasingly attempting to regulate and control the American economy. Obama seeks to use executive agencies to push his agenda and circumvent Congressional approval. This regulatory zeal most harshly manifests itself in the EPA.
This year alone, the EPA has released a variety of new regulations such as the Clean Power Plan, Ozone Standard, and the Waters of the U.S. Rule. Once again the EPA proves its appetite for more regulations with a new rule that limits methane emissions.
The EPA's new regulation aims to cut methane emissions by 45% by 2025. According to the EPA's own estimates, this new rule will cost $180 to $200 million in 2020, with costs possibly reaching $500 million in 2025.To achieve its goal, the EPA is expanding its regulatory powers over a vast array of equipment not previously under its control. Under the EPA's expanded powers, energy producers will be forced to install highly expensive equipment on new operations, the costs of which will inevitably be passed onto consumers in the form of higher energy rates.
These new rules would especially harm the boom in natural gas production the U.S. has experienced through hydraulic fracturing, which has created huge economic growth in the past few years. In 2012 alone the industry boosted the economy by $284 billion and supported over 2 million jobs. The new set of EPA rules threatens to stymie such momentous economic growth
Additionally, the EPA's methane rule is a regulation in search of a problem. In recent years the energy industry has continuously decreased methane emissions through its own initiatives, even as gas production has increased 44%. Since 2011, methane emissions from the oil and natural gas sector have decreased by 12%, with the largest reductions coming from natural gas recovery sites, which have decreased methane by 73%. The industry accomplishes this feat through investment and innovation in new technology. Because of such innovation, researchers estimate that less than 2% of methane is lost during natural gas production.
The EPA's one size fits all approach to regulation is inefficient. The energy industry is complex and varies greatly across different operations. The industry's efforts to reduce methane emissions, without directly regulating methane, dwarf the emission reductions EPA has estimated in their rules. The bureaucrats at the EPA simply cannot match the expertise and knowledge of industry experts.
The new methane rule is yet another attempt of the Obama administration to further regulate the booming energy sector. Given the energy industry's continued ingenuity and success in reducing methane, this regulation is wholly redundant.
The EPA's methane rule is unnecessary and simply a regulation for regulations sake. This rule follows a long line of regulations that limit growth and undermine the free market. It is evident that the EPA is on a quest to control the economy, picking winners and losers through senseless overregulation.
Photo Credit: Chesapeake Bay Program
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CFPB Prepaid Card Rules Will Harm Consumers and Should be Repealed
Posted by Justin Sykes on Friday, April 21st, 2017, 2:38 PM PERMALINK Follow @JustinDSykes
In the fall of 2016 the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) issued final rules on prepaid debit cards, now set to go into effect April 1st of 2018. As is the case with most CFPB rule makings, the rule on prepaid debit cards will actually harm the same consumers it was originally designed to "protect." Over 23 million Americans use and rely on prepaid cards, yet if the CFPB's rule goes into effect, those same consumers will be pushed out of the market, depriving them of access to basic banking services.
Since enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act, and resulting myriad of regulations, many banks have found it no longer advantageous or feasible to offer free checking accounts, and have alternatively increased fees and required higher minimum balances in order to maintain free checking accounts. This in turn pushed many financial consumers, which tend to be low-income, out of the traditional banking system.
Many of the consumers that lost their free checking accounts or were no longer able to afford them turned to alterative financial products, such as prepaid debit cards, which serve a similar function as traditional bank accounts. Prepaid cardholders can have their paychecks directly deposited onto the cards in much the same manner as standard debit card and checking account arrangements.
In recent years prepaid cards have grown in popularity because they are often cheaper than traditional account linked debit cards, which is why they are often preferred by low-income users. In fact, the amounts placed on prepaid cards have grown from $1 billion in 2003 to a projected $112 billion for 2018.
According to a 2014 report from The Pew Charitable Trusts, of an estimated 23 million consumers using prepaid cards, a quarter of those were low-income Americans, with a third having annual income below $15,000. Obviously these numbers reflect that if the CFPB prepaid card rule moves forward, low-income Americans will bear the brunt of the impact. This will likely increase the amount of "unbanked" Americans, which already number in the millions.
Additionally, as pointed out in a recent piece from the American Action Forum (AAF), according to the CFPB's own estimates the prepaid rules will result in 137,642 one-time burden hours for prepaid card companies forced to comply, and another 19,494 ongoing burden hours.
AAF estimates that the rules will costs prepaid card companies $5,257,935 just to get into compliance with the rule, in addition to another $744,697 annually just to maintain compliance. Such costs will inevitably be passed onto consumers, depriving even more of needed banking services.
Thankfully, this year the House and Senate introduced joint resolutions of disapproval of the CFPB's prepaid card rule pursuant to the Congressional Review Act. H.J. Res. 73 was introduced in the House by Rep. Roger Williams (R-Texas) and S.J. Res. 19 was similarly introduced in the Senate by Senator David Purdue (R-Ga.).
Lawmakers on Capitol Hill should support these common sense measures that will protect American consumers, especially those of limited means, that rely on and prefer prepaid debit cards. This will not only increase choice for consumers but will ensure that those who have been pushed away from traditional banking products and services will have access to alternative financial services such as prepaid cards.
Photo credit: Paul Istoan
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ATR Statement Supporting Chairman Hensarling's Financial CHOICE Act
Posted by Justin Sykes on Thursday, April 20th, 2017, 11:04 AM PERMALINK Follow @JustinDSykes
ATR President Grover Norquist issued the following statement today in support of House Financial Services Committee Chairman Jeb Hensarling's release of the Financial CHOICE Act:
"Americans for Tax Reform supports Chairman Hensarling's efforts to reform the costly and burdensome Dodd-Frank Act with his release of the Financial CHOICE Act this week. Chairman Hensarling has consistently been a champion for financial consumers and reforming Dodd-Frank. The Financial CHOICE Act looks to deliver reforms that will replace the misguided regulatory burdens imposed on America's financial consumers and small financial institutions by the Obama Administration.
"Under President Obama Americans saw the role of government in the market increase exponentially with the Dodd-Frank Act. While Dodd-Frank was supposed to target Wall Street, impacts of the law have instead fallen heaviest on Main Street, reducing small business lending, shuttering credit unions and community banks, and growing the number of unbanked Americans.
"Chairman Hensarling's Financial CHOICE Act will increase accountability from financial regulators and protect American consumers while also fostering economic growth. The Financial CHOICE Act seeks to rein in 'regulatory taxes' imposed by Dodd-Frank that have served only to burden consumers with increased fees and reduced products and services.
"The Financial CHOICE Act also gives much needed relief to America's credit unions and community banks, which have been crushed by compliance costs in recent years, with an average of one institution being shuttered daily. The Act also repeals the failed Durbin Amendment and the Department of Labor's Fiduciary Rule, both of which will benefit financial consumers.
"I look forward to working with Chairman Hensarling on this pro-consumer, pro-growth legislation, that ensures American consumers and taxpayers are protected, while also fostering a regulatory climate that allows business to grow and prosper."
Photo credit: Gage Skidmore
ATR Urges Support for Nebraska Tax Reform Measures
Posted by Marc Dupont on Tuesday, April 18th, 2017, 5:25 PM PERMALINK
Nebraska has the opportunity to become the next state to carry the torch of tax reform as the state's legislature gears up to debate a bill this Friday that, if enacted, would provide needed relief to taxpayers and improvements to Nebraska's tax code.
LB 461, which recently passed out of committee, would lower the top personal and corporate income tax rates from 6.84% and 7.81%, respectively, to as low as 5.99% by 2029, so long as certain revenue triggers are met.
Across the country, recent years have proven to be a golden age for pro-growth tax reform. States like Texas, Tennessee, Arizona, Arkansas, Wisconsin, and especially North Carolina have all enacted policies that have resulted in lower taxes, allowing residents to keep more of their hard-earned income. States that fail to improve their codes and provide relief to taxpayers are being left behind in the competition for investment, employers, jobs, and people. By enacting LB 461, Nebraska legislators can ensure the Cornhusker State will not be left behind.
According to ALEC's 2016 economic outlook index, Nebraska is dismally ranked 32nd in the nation. In fact, all of its neighboring states, from Wyoming (4) to Iowa (29), are ranked as more economically competitive. Passage of LB 461 will help Nebraska close this competitiveness gap. Today, Americans for Tax Reform sent the following letter Nebraska lawmakers calling on them to enact rate reducing tax reform by voting Yes on LB 461:
Dear Members of the Nebraska Legislature,
On behalf of Americans for Tax Reform (ATR) and our supporters across Nebraska, I urge you to support LB 461. Nebraska currently has a top personal income tax rate of 6.84% and 7.81%. LB 461, if enacted, would reduce those rates by 12.4% and 23.3%, respectively, taking both rates down to as low as 5.99 percent by 2028, so long as revenue triggers are met.
There is ample evidence that lower tax rates make states more competitive, and more conducive economic growth. John Hood, chairman of the John Locke Foundation, a non-partisan think tank, analyzed 681 peer-reviewed academic journal articles dating back to 1990. Most of the studies found that lower levels of taxation and spending correlate with stronger economic performance. When Tax Foundation chief economist William McBride reviewed academic literature going back three decades, he found "the results consistently point to significant negative effects of taxes on economic growth, even after controlling for various other factors such as government spending, business cycle conditions and monetary policy."
As the Platte Institute has reported, Nebraskans face a higher burden than taxpayers in competing states:
"On average, taxpayers in Nebraska pay 52 percent more personal income tax per person, and 36 percent more corporate income tax. That's $1,125 per person per year in Nebraska versus $541 in the five rival states [Texas, Florida, Arizona, Colorado, and Iowa] for personal income taxes."
If that weren't bad enough, your constituents have been hit with 20 federal Obamacare tax increases over the last eight years. As such, individuals, families, and employers across Nebraska are greatly in need of the sort of income tax relief that enactment of LB 461 would provide.
A reduction in the personal income tax would allow taxpayers to keep more of their hard-earned income, while increasing the job-creating capacity of small businesses that file under the individual income tax system. Meanwhile, a corporate rate reduction would make Nebraska more attractive to employers, job creation, and investment. Corporate tax relief will benefit the broader populace, as the burden of corporate taxation is borne by people in the form of lower wagers, fewer job opportunities, and reduced returns on savings and investment. Enactment of the type of rate-reducing tax reform found in LB 461 would help Nebraska compete with the likes of Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, North Carolina, Florida, Arizona and other competitor states that already boast lower tax burdens and more hospitable business tax climates than Nebraska.
North Carolina provides a great example of how much progress can be made in a short period of time, and should inspire those seeking to provide relief to Nebraska taxpayers while improving the state tax code. Just four years ago, North Carolina had the highest personal and corporate income tax rates in the Southeast. Thanks to tax reform measures enacted in 2013 and 2015, North Carolina now has a flat personal income tax rate that is the lowest in its region, with the exception of Florida and Tennessee, which do not levy an income tax. North Carolina's present corporate tax rate, at 3%, is now less than half of what it was just four years ago, and the personal income tax rate has been reduced by nearly 30%.
In addition to having the lowest personal income tax rate in the region, North Carolina now has the lowest corporate rate in the nation among states that levy such a tax. Going into 2013, North Carolina had the 44th ranked business tax climate in the country on the non-partisan Tax Foundation's business tax climate index. Thanks to the reforms enacted since 2013, North Carolina now has the nation's 11th best business tax climate. This remarkable improvement in North Carolina's tax code was achieved with the same sort of revenue triggers that LB 461 uses to provide tax relief for Nebraskans in a fiscally responsible fashion.
Americans for Tax Reform urges you to vote YES on LB 461. ATR will be educating your constituents and all Nebraskan taxpayers as to how lawmakers in Lincoln vote on LB 461 and other important fiscal and economic matters throughout the legislative session. Please look to ATR to as a resource on tax, budget, and other policy matters pending before you. If you have any questions, please contact Patrick Gleason, ATR's director of state affairs, at (202) 785-0266 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Grover G. Norquist
Americans for Tax Reform
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Louisiana Must Act to Improve Public Safety
Posted by Sarah Caplin on Monday, April 17th, 2017, 5:50 PM PERMALINK
With an incarceration rate that has increased by 35 percent over the past 20 years, resulting in annual costs to taxpayers as high as $700 million Louisiana jails people at a rate nearly double the national average. This upcoming legislative session, Louisiana lawmakers have an opportunity to turn a corner and implement conservative, data-driven policies that will improve public safety while lowering the rate of incarceration.
After referencing the best research in the field and a year long period of extensive stakeholder discussion, The Louisiana Justice Reinvestment Task force developed 26 policy recommendations aimed at protecting citizens while getting a better return on public safety dollars. The goal of these smart data driven recommendations is to address the state drivers of high prison admissions and lengthy stays that have created a bloated system that is complicated, often inaccessible to victims, and creates barriers for both those convicted of crimes and those in administering the sentencing system.
Recidivism in Louisiana is extremely high where 1 in three people return to prison within just three years. The Task Force also found that Louisiana sends people to prison for nonviolent, drug and property crimes at twice the rate of neighboring South Carolina and three times the rate of Florida. These states notably have identical crime rates to Louisiana.
House Speaker Tyler Barras has said "A lot of our low-level drug and property crime is driven by addiction...We can save millions and also have less crime by focusing prison beds on those who pose a more serious public safety threat and making smart investments in probation and drug treatment for nonviolent crimes."
Recommendations from the task force chart a data driven course for comprehensive reform and address high admissions for probation failures and nonviolent crimes and growth in those prisoners serving longest terms. They allow greater discretion for judges and parole boards and the reforms similar to the task force recommendations have reduced crime and imprisonment in other states. These reforms ensure clarity and consistency in sentencing, focus prison beds on those who pose a serious public safety threat and strengthen community supervision and paths to successful reentry.
States such as Texas, Georgia and Alabama have adopted similar practices to make their justice systems more effective and sustainable and Louisiana is in good company in following their lead.
"Our criminal justice system needs major reformation," said Department of Public Safety and Corrections Secretary Jimmy LeBlanc, chairman of the blue ribbon panel. "It's costing taxpayers a ton of money and not getting outcomes. I've never seen such bipartisan support and call for reform"
There is no defense for maintaining the status quo with that same bipartisan, business, and public support for spending fewer taxpayer dollars on ineffective prisons and dedicating those funds to alternatives that have a proven track record of results. We are encouraged by this progress and hope to see Louisiana shed the dubious honor of the incarceration capital of the world.
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ATR Recognizes Georgia's 6th Congressional District Pledge Signers in Tuesday's Special Election Primary
Posted by Liam Gorman on Monday, April 17th, 2017, 5:21 PM PERMALINK
Eighteen candidates, eleven Republicans, and seven Democrats will face off in a jungle primary on April 18th to determine who will be the next person to represent Georgia's 6th Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives. This election is to replace Secretary Tom Price who was nominated by President Trump to lead the Department of Health and Human Services. A potential runoff will take place on June 20th, if no candidate reaches at least 50% of the vote. Cook Political Report rates the race as a toss-up.
Americans for Tax Reform recognizes the Georgia candidates who have taken the Taxpayer Protection Pledge to the American people ahead of Tuesday's special election primary. The Taxpayer Protection Pledge is a written commitment to the voters and the American public to oppose tax hikes.
- Bob Gray (R-GA-6)
- Karen Handel (R-GA-6)
- Judson Hill (R-GA-6)
- Amy Kremer (R-GA-6)
- Bruce LeVell (R-GA-6)
Photo Credit: Reid
ATR Supports Federal Budget Accountability Act
Posted by Natalie De Vincenzi on Monday, April 17th, 2017, 1:53 PM PERMALINK Follow @natalievod
Representative Ken Buck (R-Colo.) recently introduced H.R. 1999, the Federal Budget Accountability Act. This legislation requires an annual report to Congress to track whether federal revenue collected as offsets materialize as intended.
For decades, the U.S. has been headed down a path of fiscal unsustainability, spending money that the government doesn't have. Currently, whenever Congress enacts a pay-for to offset new spending, there is no system in place to ensure that the pay-for works. This bill would help reverse this trend through two ways.
First, H.R. 1999 would call for the Director of Office of Management and Budget to create a system to track any revenue collected. This would also entail tracking the accuracy of such provisions and how effective they are, so that ones that are not working can be re-evaluated.
Secondly, this bill would require the Director of OMB to submit a report to Congress every year on the effect of the offsets and pay-fors enacted. Any provision that increases revenue, reduces the deficit, or reduces spending is to be included in the report and analyzed for 10 years.
The Federal Budget Accountability Act will help ensure that any offsets proposed by lawmakers work as intended when they are implemented in the real world. Doing so will help put the federal government back on a path of fiscal sustainability. ATR supports this bill and urges all members of Congress to support and co-sponsor this important legislation.
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House GOP Tax Blueprint Gives Families Tax Cuts, Higher Wages, and Simplicity
Posted by Alexander Hendrie on Monday, April 17th, 2017, 8:00 AM PERMALINK
Opponents of the House Republican "Better Way" Tax Reform blueprint have falsely claimed the plan will increase costs for American families.
The critics say the border adjustability component of the cash-flow business tax will cost the average family $1,700 per year. But that is without acknowledging all the good the blueprint does. It's a scare tactic. They are only looking at the border adjustment part of the plan in isolation without accounting for positive effects in the plan. Even then, it is not clear that they are accurately analyzing the impact of the border adjustable cash-flow tax.
Taken as a whole, the blueprint is a drastic net tax cut and implements numerous pro-growth policies. The plan cuts taxes for individuals across the board and implements reforms that will result in higher wages and more jobs due to stronger economic growth. The plan also drastically simplifies the enormously complex code.
Tax Cuts for Individuals
The blueprint reduces tax rates for American families across the board. It folds the existing seven tax brackets (10%, 15%, 25%, 28%, 33%, 35%, and 39.6%) into three brackets (12%, 25%, 33%).
It also doubles the standard deduction from $6,000 to $12,000 ($12,000 to $24,000 for families). This larger standard deduction means that individuals who go from the existing 10 percent bracket to the new 12 percent bracket will see a net tax increase. These changes mean lower taxes for ALL Americans.
Higher Wages for Families
The blueprint contains numerous pro-growth policies that increase wages for families. The plan drastically reduces taxes on businesses (42 percent for both small businesses and corporations) and replaces the confusing and arbitrary depreciation schedules with immediate, full business expensing for investments.
According to research by the Tax Foundation, the blueprint will increase after-tax income by nearly 9 percent, or close to $5,000 for the average family. The plan will also increase economic growth by 9.1 percent over the long-term and create an additional 1.7 million new jobs.
Drastic Simplification of the Code
Currently, the tax code is too complex for families to understand. The code is around 75,000 pages long, forcing taxpayers to waste more than 8.9 billion hours and $400 billion in annual compliance costs. Half of all individual taxpayers rely on a paid professional to file their taxes.
The blueprint will make it so easy to file taxes that it can be done on a postcard. Numerous changes are made to the code, including repeal of the Alternative Minimum Tax and the Death Tax, and the consolidation of existing family tax credits will reduce the need to itemize deductions for the majority of Americans and the need to devote time and resources to tax filing.
Border Adjustability Does not Increase Costs
It is not even clear that border adjustability will increase costs to the extent that critics claim. Economists on both the Left and the Right agree that the reforms in the plan will offset any increase in costs. The cash-flow business tax that replaces the existing corporate income tax incentivizes foreign and domestic investment in the U.S. because of its low rate and consumption base. In turn, this drives up demand for the dollar, which causes the currency to appreciate. A stronger U.S. dollar means more purchasing power for consumers buying foreign goods.
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New Study Shows Durbin Amendment is a Failure
Posted by Justin Sykes on Friday, April 14th, 2017, 11:46 AM PERMALINK Follow @justinDSykes
Passed as part of the Dodd-Frank Act in 2010, the Durbin Amendment was touted as a measure to benefit America's retail consumers. The goal of the Durbin Amendment was to reduce the costs of interchange fees that retail merchants pay for debit card transactions with the hope that those costs savings would be passed onto consumers. Roughly six years later however studies show consumer costs have not been reduced and also that retail merchants are less concerned with reduced fees and more with receiving benefits and flexibility in interchange transactions.
Most American consumers are likely not aware of the process that goes into debit card transactions with their local retail stores. In fact, most consumers likely are not aware of the Durbin Amendment and the interchange fees it sought to cap. Yet the process and costs of using debit cards is something that effects millions of Americans on a daily basis as well as the merchants with whom they are transacting.
To put it simply, interchange fees are the fees paid by retail merchants to financial institutions for the privilege of accepting debit card payments in their stores. As mentioned, Durbin set a cap on the interchange fees financial institutions were allowed to charge merchants for the privilege of processing debit transactions.
In passing Durbin, proponents claimed that not only would consumers see reduced prices in stores but that merchants' themselves would prefer and benefit from reduced interchange fees. The problem with such claims by Durbin proponents though is neither has proven to be true since enactment.
According to a study by the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond in conjunction with Javelin Strategy & Research, since enactment of the Durbin Amendment 75 percent of the merchants surveyed in the study reported no price reduction as a result of the regulation. In fact, of the merchants surveyed 23 percent had actually increased prices on consumers since Durbin passed.
As to the second claim, that merchants' primary concern was on reducing interchange fees, new findings show the majority of small merchants are actually more concerned with preserving the benefits they receive from increased flexibility and choice in the partnerships they hold with financial institutions. This stems from the fact that the agreements merchants reach with financial institutions for debit card processing often provide the merchants with benefits that outweigh any reduction in fees they pay.
A new study released in April of this year by Javelin Strategy & Research found that for America's small merchants, "value is a more significant factor than price when it comes to satisfaction with debit interchange fees and partnerships" with financial institutions.
That is to say merchants want more flexibility and options stemming from the benefits they receive from partnerships with financial institutions for processing, and when fees are capped under Durbin the benefits offered to merchants from such partnership agreements are diminished.
The April study surveyed 500 small merchants, those with annual sales between $250,000 and $10 million, and concluded that "small merchants want choice and flexibility more than low prices" on interchange fees paid. In fact, more than four in five merchants surveyed were satisfied with the transparency and value they get from their debit card payment processors and of the merchants who were not satisfied just one-quarter believe interchange fees hurt their profitability.
Even more revealing is that the study found over sixty percent of small merchants were unfamiliar with the details surrounding federal efforts to cap debit interchange fees under Durbin. Clearly the narrative from Durbin supporters that capping interchange fees would be a benefit and preference for merchants is mischaracterized and for the most part wholly misleading.
Thus over six years since enactment of the Durbin Amendment, the two driving justifications for enactment of price caps on interchange fees are proving false.
Small merchants not only prefer choice and flexibility in their partnerships with financial institutions, which are increased when prices are not capped, but prefer such benefits over reduced prices. Furthermore, the price savings consumers were supposedly guaranteed under Durbin have not come to fruition, and even worse a number of merchants have increased prices despite the Durbin price caps.
Lawmakers in the 115th Congress should keep in mind these two failed outcomes when considering Durbin Amendment repeal, and know that the benefits to consumers and merchants promised under Durbin have been an overwhelming failure.
Photo credit: Paul G
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Louisiana Needs Comprehensive Criminal Justice Reform
Posted by Sarah Caplin on Thursday, April 13th, 2017, 3:25 PM PERMALINK
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104 Years of the Income Tax: Then and Now
Posted by ATR on Thursday, April 13th, 2017, 11:40 AM PERMALINK
As Americans finish yet another tax filing season, let's take a look at the 104-year history of the income tax:
- In 1913 the top marginal income tax bracket was 7% -- today it is 39.6%.
- In 1913 the marginal income tax bracket range was 1% - 7%. Today the range is 10% - 39.6%.
- In 1913 there were 400 pages in the tax code. Today there are 74,608 pages in the code.
- In 1913 the family standard deduction was $98,425.45 in today's dollars. The family standard deduction now is just $12,600.
- When the income tax started in 1913, only 358,000 Americans had to file a 1040. Today 148,606,578 Americans file 1040s.
"The American income tax is perhaps the most dramatic example of how government grows at the expense of liberty,"
said Grover Norquist, president of Americans for Tax Reform. "Slowly. Constantly. Inexorably."
Photo Credit: Chris Potter


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subset: commoncrawl


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Sweet potatoes are rich in vitamins and minerals. Like most orange-colored vegetables, they're extremely high in vitamin A and potassium, plus they're an excellent source of calcium, magnesium, vitamin C, fiber and B vitamins.
They're also high in beta-carotene, which is an anti-oxidant that may help to prevent some types of cancer, asthma and heart disease. They're also good for women who have diabetes because they're low on the glycemic index, and the potassium may help lower blood pressure. In addition, all that vitamin A means they're good for you eyes and skin, too.
Fresh whole sweet potatoes keep for a long time as long as you keep them in a dark and cool part of your kitchen. Bake them in the oven or prepare them in the microwave oven and serve with a little salt, pepper and your favorite seasonings. Or you can buy canned or frozen sweet potatoes that simply need to be heated and served.
Have you ever imagined a day where you could eat great tasty food and still burn fat?
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Budget analysts essential information:
- 2011 median pay: $69.090
- 2011, number of jobs: 57,110
- Employment growth forecast, 2010-2020: 10 percent
- Entry level education requirements: Bachelor's degree
Budget analysts; what they do:
If you have an eagle eye for detail and love working with numbers, chances are you'd make a great budget analyst. Budget analysts are major contributors to aiding companies, governments, and universities in organizing their finances.
Budget analysts, along with project managers, develop a business' budget and monitor it extremely closely at all times to assure the business stays on track with the budget. Budget analysts may suggest budget cuts in certain areas or redistribution of budgets and they may award more money in an area.
When budget analysts find discrepancies in a budget, they must thoroughly explain those discrepancies, as well as help develop a plan to correct them. Any recommendation for additional funding in an area requires a thorough explanation to senior management, legislators, and/or the public. Budget analysts also estimate, as accurately as possible, future budget needs.
A budget analyst career includes reviewing all budget proposals for accuracy and compliance with laws and regulations and carefully reviewing each funding request and determining if it's necessary. A budget analyst career may include using cost-benefit analyses in reviewing financial requests, assessing program tradeoffs, and exploring funding alternatives.
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Budget analysts job titles:
- Budget Officer
- Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
- Budget and Policy Analyst
- Cost Accountant
- Accounting Supervisor
- Staff Analyst
- Accounting Coordinator
Budget Analysts Education, Certification and License Requirements
Typically, people seeking a budget analyst career need at least a bachelor's degree, although some employers require a master's degree. A variety of bachelor's degrees may satisfy the education requirement for a budget analyst position, such as a bachelor's degree accounting, finance, business, public administration, economics, statistics, political science, or sociology.
Occasionally, budget or finance-related work substitutes for formal education.
Budget analysts programs cover subjects such as:
- Finance
- Economics
- Public administration
- Political science
- Statistics
- Sociology
Some organizations require new budget analysts to work a complete budget cycle (one year) for training. Budget analysts may also continue taking professional development classes throughout their career.
Budget analysts working for the government may earn the Certified Government Financial Manager credential from the Association of Government Accountants. This certification requires a bachelor's degree, 24 credit hours of financial management study, 2 years of professional-level experience in governmental financial management, and passing scores on a series of exams. Maintaining the certification requires 80 hours of continuing education every 2 years.
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Learn about an Online B.S. in Finance Degree
Career Advancement Opportunities
Budget analysts may work their way up from the limited responsibilities of an entry-level analyst to an intermediate or senior budget analyst position.
Budget Analysts Job Outlook
Forecast: 10 percent employment growth from 2010 to 2020 for budget analysts, on par with the average for all occupations.
As data and statistical techniques are uncovered, budget analysis becomes more complex and the duties of a budget analysis grow. Organizations are also under increasing pressure to use public funds efficiently – especially in times of cutbacks.
Budget Analysts Salary
- 2011 median annual wage: $69,090
- 2011, workers at the 75th percentile annual wage: $86,540
- 2011, workers at the 25% percentile annual wage: $55,260
Begin Your Online Education for a Budget Analyst Career
Budget Analysts Major Employers
- Federal government
- Educational services; state, local, and private
- State government;
- Local government
- Manufacturing
Related Degrees
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B.S. in Accounting Degree


text: Happy internet time Click to block a category:GamingPoliticsNewsComicsAnimeOther Metallicock next random Comment Top NextComment I swear the second "My Best Friend Jesus" comic is coming I just have a bit of a procrastination problem . . . next Tags: happy | internet | Time +916 Views: 37494 Submitted: 06/10/2013 Facebook Twitter Google+ Tumblr Pinterest


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Review: Fifty Shades Darker by E.L. James
Let's start with a quote, shall we, from page 329: "I'm a sadist, Ana. I like to whip little brown-haired girls like you because you all look like the crack whore—my birth mother." If that sets your loins aflame and moistened, fear not, sisters. There's an ointment for that. Your ginny will be okay in... Read More »


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9,097 total episodes
WOAH why do you Miyazaki/Studio Ghibli =o?
He has a serious side! But yea i know what you mean, i hate when characters are excessive perverts all the time the most =_=
oh really? why =o?
Yea i read xxxholic :)! and i started to watch trigun, i like it alot even though i only watched the first ep so far ^~^
Pretty good as well :)! Anything interesting happen recently? Watch/read anything good?


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Bronze Drip Cuff
This unique cuff features a comfortable wide band of bronze hand cast with beautiful drips up the wrist. A truly one of a kind piece handmade by local Santa Cruz metal smith and designer Scott Robinson French.
- Bronze
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Vanillin undergoes sequence of reaction forming phosphonium salt through dimethyaminomethyl derivative (Mannich reaction). The synthesis of phosphonium salt can be achieved by sequence of three steps which was condense with series of aliphatic/aromatic acid chlorides by refluxing in toluene in presence of triethylamine (Wittig reaction) as key step resulting 7-methoxy-2-phenyl-l-benzofuran-5-carboxaldehyde. The crude product was purified by using column chromatography and characterized by FTIR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Computational study of (4) such as Binding energy, density of state, HOMO, LUMO, charge density and reactivity is done by using density functional theory. Based on the results of MTT assay and MB assay, the test compound 04 is shows toxicity against cancerous lung and breast cancer cell lines.


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Your Workplace Rights
Please select one of the following topics for further information:
Hiring & Classifications
Looking for a new job? Wondering if the questions you were asked at the interview were legal? This section addresses some of the most common issues you may encounter in the hiring process, and how you are classified as a worker may affect your workplace rights.
Are you being treated differently at work? If so, is it because of your race, sex, age, disability, national origin or religion? Wondering what other kinds of discrimination are illegal? Get the facts on workplace discrimination here.
Harassment & Other Workplace Problems
Whether you're being pressured to have sex with your boss, forced to listen to foul language or slurs, or wondering whether the comment you made might get you in trouble, you'll find this information on harassment and other problems you might encounter on the job to be helpful.
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Not getting paid what your employer owes you? Are you forced to work overtime, but not receiving any extra pay? Get the facts on "wage and hour" laws here.
Benefits & Leaves
For most employees, your job isn't just about the pay, but also what benefits are included. Sick leave, disability leave, family/medical leave--the different kinds of leave you may be allowed to take can be confusing. Get information about health care coverage, pensions, leave eligibility and other benefit-related information here.
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Is somebody watching you? It just might be your employer. Find out here what rights to privacy in the workplace you do and do not have.
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Is your workplace unsafe? Are you worried about getting hurt at work? Wondering what to do about it? Have questions about the workers' compensation system? Find the answers here.
Whistleblowing & Retaliation
Fighting back when you see your employer doing something wrong can be scary, and risky. But there are laws that can protect you in a number of situations. Learn more about how you might be protected when you blow the whistle or challenge illegal conduct.
Unions & Collective Action
Facing an organizing campaign at work (or want to get involved in one)? Already a union member but don't understand how things work? Fired for organizing or joining a union? This section covers information about your rights to organize and be in a union, and how unions work.
Termination & Unemployment
Whether you were suddenly fired, laid off, or asked to resign, you'll want to know what happens now that you are out of a job.
© 2017 Workplace Fairness
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Losers: Overcoming Failure at Work
Go to any magazine rack and you'll see smiling faces of executives, entertainers and sports stars all rejoicing in the glow of success. It's enough to make you feel terrible about yourself and your career prospects. But what if I were to tell you that man
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Thousands of Piece Rate Workers in California's Salon Industry Are Likely Owed Unpaid Wages
Salon owners in California who pay employees on commission are subject to liability for failing to pay all wages due. Under California law, "commissions" are a form of wages applicable only to an employee who sells a product or service, not to an employee who makes a product or provides a service to the employer's customers
Thought for the Week
"Failure is a detour, not a dead-end street."
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from Online Pays: How to get salary information online
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- Senate Confirms R. Alexander Acosta as Labor Secretary
- In Cleveland, co-op model finds hope in employers rooted in the city
- Senate nudges Acosta step toward confirmation at Labor
- Roundtable Anticipates Changes to Labor and Employment Relations Under Trump Administration


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I was startled to realize just how many grey hairs had taken up residence on my head. I didn't realize they were there until I was pregnant and I had to stop coloring my hair. I know I didn't have to but I felt like I should. I was so excited after I had the baby that I … [Read more...]
Fashion Friday: Where did the grey come from
Do you love making healthy and quick meals? Join our Healthy and Quick Meals Facebook Group. We will help you learn how to batch cook, menu plan, save time and money, and make meals that do not stress you out.


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Classic Car Buyer's Tools
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Sustainable Farming Association of Minnesota
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Sci fi/Fantasy image byYee I-van
The razing of a city by some invading army. No real ideas involved. I kind of mucked up on the composition, its pretty boring. This was inspired, it was a hell-u-va hot day in Melbourne and I was sweltering in my room when I just swtiched on my Laptop and started painting. Managed to finish it later, before going to take a cool shower. Hah.
Published More than a year ago
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Sir John Rose will step down as the chief executive of Rolls-Royce in March next year, after 14 years at the helm of one of Britain's most successful engineering groups. The company announced yesterday that Sir John will be succeeded by John Rishton, a non-executive director, who is currently the chief executive of Dutch retail group Royal Ahold.
Sir Simon Robertson, the Rolls-Royce chairman, led the plauditsyesterday, extolling Sir John's "leadership, strategic vision and tenacity" in creating a company which expects to double its revenues in the coming decade. "John has led a transformation in Rolls-Royce which has few parallels," Sir Simon said. "The group has developed into a truly global company." Sir John himself applauded Rolls-Royce's "teamwork and technology", describing the "tremendous privilege" of working with the people at what he described as an "extraordinary company".
Mr Rishton will have a tough job living up to his predecessor's example. Knighted in 2003 for his services to British industry, Sir John's stint as chief executive has transformed Rolls-Royce into the world's second-largest jetengine manufacturer, and seen itcement its position in the power and marine sectors. He has also proved an outspoken champion of UK manufacturing, both internationally and in Whitehall. He acted as an advisor to Gordon Brown while he was Prime Minister, and is understood to have turned down the offer of the Trade Minister's post from the newly-elected Coalition Government.
Rolls-Royce's figures tell an equally impressive story. Since Sir John'sappointment to the top job in 1996, revenues have more than tripled and profits are up by five times. The company's market capitalisation has alsorocketed – to more than £11bn – thanks to more than 300 per cent boom in the stock price.
Mr Rishton, who has been a non-executive director of Rolls-Royce since 2007 and is chairman of the group's Audit Committee, is not an unknown quantity in British business. After several years with Ford, Mr Rishton was BA's finance director for four years, only moving on to Royal Ahold in 2006 after he was passed over for the top job in favour of Willie Walsh. He is widely credited with playing a key role in arestructuring overseen by former BA boss Rod Eddington that included 14,000 job cuts.
At Rolls-Royce, Mr Rishton will be paid £850,000 per year, slightly less than Sir John's £867,000 rate, plus a maximum annual bonus of 155 per cent and another £1m-worth of shares through a long-term incentive scheme. He will also get a grant of shares worth £2.8m, as compensation for incentives he forfeits on leaving Royal Ahold.
Rolls-Royce's acclaim for Sir John was echoed by politicians and City analysts yesterday. "Sir John Rose has been a tremendous business leader for Rolls-Royce," the Business Secretary, Vince Cable, said. "As a champion of UK advanced manufacturing I want to thank him for the huge contribution he has made to strategic thinking both within business and government on growing global market share."
Howard Wheeldon, senior strategic adviser at BGC Partners, said: "Contemplating Rolls-Royce without John Rose is like imagining strawberries without cream."
The smooth transition from Sir John to Mr Rishton, orchestrated by Sir Simon as Rolls-Royce chairman, is in marked contrast to the debacle he has just overseen as senior independent director at HSBC. The bank was in turmoil for more than two weeks after the announcement that chairman Stephen Green is to become the Government's Trade Minister, which culminated in HSBC chief executive Michael Geoghegan also stepping down after he was passed over for the chairman's job.
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English Language for Adults
English Language Classes for Adults Multi-Level
Wednesdays, 6:30-9 pm
Elizabeth Muellerleile, Instructor
Room E201, 2nd floor, HLWW Middle School, 8700 County Road 6 SW, Howard Lake. Use Community Education entrance lower level east side parking lot, take elevator to 2nd floor
Begin class anytime - no fee - free childcare if you call one week ahead to arrange: 320-543-4670.
• Free classes.
• All levels are welcome.
• Help with speaking, listening, reading, and writing English in multi-level classes. This class is for people of all nationalities.
Call Community Education 320-543-4670 to register or for more information.


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Novotel Venezia Mestre Castellana HotelMid-scale hotel for business or family trips
The Novotel Venezia Mestre Castellana is a high-capacity 4-star hotel. The courtesy and competence of our helpful staff is particularly popular with our guests, who also love our excellent, extensive breakfasts. The hotel is located near the highway and is a 20-minute bus journey from Piazzale Roma, Venice. There is ample free parking, comfortable rooms and pets are welcome. Even for them, it's a lot better at Novotel.
The Novotel Venezia Mestre Castellana hotel is located a few minutes from the center of Mestre and the lovely Piazza Ferretto. From the hotel, you can reach Venice by car and by bus. For true romantics, a sunset gondola ride is not to be missed.
- Located near the highway and 5 minutes from the train station
- Outdoor enclosed area for pets
- Fully equipped meeting rooms for 250 people
- Ideal location for visiting Venice
- Outdoor swimming pool, garden and parking
This hotel participates to Planet 21 and is acting in favour of Positive Hospitality.
Services in the hotel and nearby
Online check-in
Online check-in: Your arrival will be carefully prepared by our team
Fast check-out: Simply return your key
WIFI/Internet Access
- WIFI at the hotel
- WIFI in the communal areas
- WIFI in your room
- WIFI access
- Private outdoor parking (Paying)
- Private enclosed outdoor parking (Paying)
- Public outdoor parking
- Bus/coach parking area
Accessibility for people with reduced mobility
- Reduced mobility rooms
- Wheelchair access
- Reduced mobility facilities
- Accessible bathroom
- Pet allowed 10 EUR
- Outdoor unheated pool
Services and practical information
Online check-in
Online check-in: Your arrival will be carefully prepared by our team
Fast check-out: Simply return your key
WIFI/Internet Access
- WIFI at the hotel
- WIFI in the communal areas
- WIFI in your room
- WIFI access
- Private outdoor parking (Paying)
- Private enclosed outdoor parking (Paying)
- Public outdoor parking
- Bus/coach parking area
Accessibility for people with reduced mobility
- Reduced mobility rooms
- Wheelchair access
- Reduced mobility facilities
- Accessible bathroom
- Pet allowed 10 EUR
Services for children
- Babysitting on request (Paying)
- Outdoor playground for children
Languages spoken at the hotel
- German
- Spanish
- French
- Italian
- Reception open 24 hours a day
- Dry cleaning / Ironing (Paying)
- Shoe shine machine
- Porter
- Concierge
Leisure and activities
- Outdoor unheated pool
- Fitness centre
Services for children
- Babysitting on request (Paying)
- Outdoor playground for children
Tennis (Nearby)
- Clay tennis court (Nearby)
- Outdoor tennis court (Paying, Nearby)
- Boat excursions (Nearby)
- 1 restaurant(s)
- 1 bar(s)
Room service
- Hot meals
- Cold snacks
- Opening hours : Week 06:00-24:00
- Opening hours : Week-end 06:00-24:00
- Drink vending machine
Business services
- 11 meeting room(s)
- Web Corner on a Mac
- Copy/print service available
Hotel location
Via Ceccherini 21
Tel: (+39)041/5066511
Fax: (+39)041/940620
- MARCO POLO AIRPORT At 10km / 6.21 miles
- SANT'ANGELO TREVISO AIRPORT At 24km / 14.91 miles
- VENICE HARBOR At 10km / 6.21 miles
- VENISE - PIAZZALE ROMA At 10km / 6.21 miles
- CASTELLANA At 0.1km / 0.06 miles
- MESTRE RAILWAY STATION At 1.5km / 0.93 miles
- VENEZIA MESTRE At 2.5km / 1.55 miles
Our rooms
Spacious, contemporary in design, and adaptable, the Novotel room is truly a place for living, perfect for all your needs.
Executive Room
All our Executive Rooms offer additional products and services: Nespresso coffee machine, extra bathroom amenities, bathrobe and slippers. Complimentary Internet access, phone calls and mineral water. Up to 2 adults and 2 children.
Superior Room
Combine work and relaxation. Our Superior room features modern decor, ergonomic design and high-tech equipment: air conditioning, bathtub and shower, minibar, safe, hairdryer, tea/coffee, satellite TV and free WiFi. For up to 2 adults.
Executive Floor
Spacious and modern, the Suite comprises two bedrooms and one bathroom. It is extremely welcoming and boasts 2 flat-screen TVs and bathrobe. Up to 2 adults and 2 children.
- 215 rooms
- 155 non-smoking rooms
- 12 rooms for people with reduced mobility
- 58 family rooms
- 8 connecting rooms
- Extra bed in room for child
- Crib on request
- Pulse air
- Air conditioning
- Data port in room
- Emergency exit map
- Safe deposit box in room
- Bathroom doors 32 inches wide
- Telephone
- Radio in room
- Opening windows
- Remote control TV
- WIFI in your room
- Radio in bathroom
- Direct dial telephone
- Work desk in all rooms
- Crib on request
- Satellite/cable colour TV
- Manual temperature control
- Automatic temperature control
- RJ 11 outlet
- Coffee/tea making facilities
- Minibar
- Drink vending machine
- Bidet
- Shower
- Bathtub
- Hair dryer in bathroom
- Hair dryer at reception
- Sprinkler in room
- Keycard-operated door locks
- Audible smoke alarms in rooms
- Deadbolts and/or locks in rooms
- Smoke alarm in room
- Emergency info in rooms
- Alarm clock
- Operator wake up call
- Automatic wake up call
Our restaurants and bars
- Mon
- Tue
- Wed
- Thu
- Fri
- Sat
- Sun
- Mon
- Tue
- Wed
- Thu
- Fri
- Sat
- Sun
N RESTAURANTType of cuisine: International
There are restaurants where the attention paid to products' quality is equal to the attention reserved for customers, where you can taste great wines that will satisfy any palate. You can find all of these things in our Nrestaurant
- Mon
- Tue
- Wed
- Thu
- Fri
- Sat
- Sun
- Mon
- Tue
- Wed
- Thu
- Fri
- Sat
- Sun
At our bar you can find a wide selection of whiskies and sample international cocktails and the local Spritz, specially prepared for you and served by the pool.
Your meetings and events
Our meeting rooms
- Number of meeting rooms: 11
- Maximum size: 224 m²
- Maximum capacity: 260
- Maximum banquet capacity: 145
Our customer reviews for Novotel Venezia Mestre Castellana
Reviews collected from customers who booked on AccorHotels.com
The Hotel location is on the Highway and not too far from Venice city, their is bus stop at 5 mins walking distance , then change another bus or tram from mestre city centre direct to Venice city . Hotel staff is very helpful in explaining the travel options(better to buy bus ticket or passes at hotel itself) . Its 10-15 mins by Taxi from Marco Polo airport, which is easiest way to come to hotel though bit expensive. Otherwise one can travel from Airport to Hotel via Mestre Train station and then Taxi from station to Hotel. I am not sure of if any bus from Station to hotel (call and ask hotel reception). On our last day once we checked out we decided to have some relaxing time in Venice St Plaza Roma and then in evening took bus (coach) from their direct to airport that takes 25-30 mins and was much economical than taking a Taxi from Hotel. Enjoyed our stay a lot !
Good hotel with all of the facilities you would need for a comfortable stay. Room was clean and tidy, fresh towels daily, breakfast adequate but not labelled and plenty of choice for all tastes. Communication with staff at front desk was poor as asked several times to change room channels to English and only came to do it after our 3rd nights stay. We also had to ask several times on our first day for an extra duvet as children had a very thin blanket so would recommend to ask for one. The location is good as it is 20 mins from Venice central you have to take 1 bus and a tram which was fine as you get to see another part of the city. Overall our stay a good experience and we would return again.
Dear Guest, we thank you for your comments after your recent stay at our Novotel Venice Mestre. Your remarks will be taken into serious consideration in order to improve our standard and avoid further delay when a customer needs to fix a problem. Hope to see you very soon. With kindest regards. Andrea Morandini - manager
Very good hotel. Breakfast is wonderful. Kids xbox keeps them amused for hours. Staff are helpful and room was in good conditionOnly negative is the location, its hard to get to by foot if you carting large suitcases.
Close to motorway and free parking The hotel on my visit was crowded with groups Breakfast was not as good as expected for Novotel brand, may because the hotel was fully bookedroom and bath were clean
Dear Guest, thank you for your kind comment concerning your stay at our Novotel Venezia Mestre. We are looking forward to seeing you soon with the promise to better organize your breakfast experience. Sincerely. Andrea Morandini - manager
The 2nd of 4 Novotel's for our road trip to Rome. Great hotel, excellent service, very helpful staff, location just right for getting into Venice. Nothing to fault with our stay, will definitely be back!!
Dear Customer, Thank you for taking the time to inform us about your experience following your stay at our hotel. My team and I are really grateful for your kind words of appreciation, which encourage us to keep up our efforts, ensuring the service we provide always meets your expectations. We look forward to welcoming you back soon at one of the Novotel hotels. Yours sincerely. Andrea Moradini - General Manager
Breakfast was good for Sunday but Monday there was a big line for the breakfast and so many of the options like bacon, tomato , fruits were finished and it took 15 minutes to be reloaded again. Except this one, the overall stay was really good and satisfaction. It was not close to real Venice, but it was easy and cheap to get there by a taxi.
We stayed at this hotel for 2 nights in July. It was difficult to access the hotel by bus and it is far away from Venice. During the weekend the bus schedule was totally ridiculous, some busses don't run after 3pm others after 9pm. We were coming back from Venice around 11pm on a Saturday night and had to walk 3 stops as there were no more buses running in the proximity of the hotel. The hotel was crowded with tour buses which apparently frequent this hotel. We reserved a king size room + sofa bed but when we arrived we were told that the hotel doesn't have king size beds and that all rooms are the same. The room was really cramped for a family. No room whatsoever to open the luggages or to walk around. The closet and the bathroom had a bad odor. No replenishments, we had to ask for shampoo, soap, coffee and paper cups for both days we were there. Shortly interacted with the manager on duty, no willingness to help, zero customer service skills. Check-in/check-out was fast, breakfast was ok, maybe the only good thing about this hotel. I would avoid staying at this hotel and try to find a better location to access Venice. Overall poor hotel experience.
Dear Guest Thank you for taking the time to share your feedback. While I wish you had a better experience, it is feedback like this that we learn from and use to improve. We work hard to deliver an exceptional guest experience, and it's apparent in this case that we fell short. If you give us a chance to earn back your trust, I can assure you that we will do our best to give you the great hotel experience that so many of our guests have grown so fond of. Sincerely, Andrea Morandini - manager
This is the fourth time that we visit Venice and this hotels has left a good impression in us. Excellent quality and location for people with own transport to Venice and Surrounding areas. Facilities and Service is perfect.
When making a booking at this hotel:
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European Hydropower Summit 27th & 28th February 2012 - Bucharest 1 DI Martina Prechtl Small Hydropower Austria
SHP in Austria About 2.600 SHP installations in Austria (grid connected) Production of about 5,6 TWh per year Corresponds to 9 % of Austrian electricity consumption respectively consumption of 1.6 mill. households 4.1 mill. to CO 2 - reduction 2
…there is still potential 3 Potential SHP - 2020 additional production in TWh Revitalisation0,5 - 1 New installations1 - 1,5 Total1,5 - 2,5
… in numbers of new installations 4 engine-power class (kW)average power (kW)number of stationsproduction in kWh 0 - 20060140 40.320.000,00 200 - 1000500100 240.000.000,00 1000 - 3000180060 518.400.000,00 3000 - 5000350020 336.000.000,00 5000 - 10000700015 504.000.000,00 Total335 1.638.720.000,00
Licencing procedure 5 Permit according to Water Law Up to 500 kW district administrative authorities, above province administration authority. Permit according to Electricity Law Needed for plants with an installed capacity of 30 kW and more Permit according to Nature Conservation Law, Building Legislation Responsible authority: district administration (nature conservation), mayor resp. municipality (Building Law).
Support programs for SHP in Austria Environmental fund: Subsidies for investments in the fulfilment of WFD requirements at existing plants (e.g. fish pass – not for losses due to residual flow!). Up to 30% of investment costs for SHP plus additional subsidies from the province (varies from 10 to 25% of investment costs) Green electricity act – investment subsidies, with revision of the act in 2011 the possibility for small plants (below 2 MW) to choose between direct investment subsidies and feed-in tariff) From 10% to 30% of investment costs resp. max. EUR 400,- to 1.500 / kW – height of tariffs not fixed yet Several specific programs from in the provinces – direct investment subsidies or consultancy programs. 6
Areas of conflicting interests 7 Nature conservation RES directive and national energy strategies – need for green electricity Climate protection WF directive – prodection of river ecology Security of energy supply AIM: Augmentation of HP electricity whilst respecting the aims of WFD - keeping "good ecological status" SHP and good ecological status is compatible!
WFD and RES directive compatible? 8 WFD Aim is "good status" of water bodies – obligatory improvement and prohibited deterioration - fish passes - residual flow - a.s.o. Existing plants have to adapt to the new regulation – intervention in existing rights!
Consequences for SHP 9 New installations: Partly difficult and long lasting licencing procedures Higher investment and planning costs Existing installations: Interference in existing rights Additional investments Production losses due to additional residual flow Changes in plant economy
WFD and RES directive compatible? 10 RES directive: 20 % Renewable Energy for EU 34 % REN in Austria Under consideration of: Available potential Cost development HP in Austria a very important energy source!!
To combine WFD and RES directive we need … In terms of climate protection and REN development: No exaggeration in implementation measures Implementation with sense of proportion Sensitive approach with respect to existing rights No discrimination of small facilities – also they deliver an appreciable share of electricity Because: HP as CO 2 free and decentralised electricity production is very important for our future energy supply Many positive examples demonstrate the compatibility of WFD and RESD goals! 11
Many positive examples … 12
Many positive examples … 13
Many positive examples … 14
06.05.2015Folie15 Needs for a positive SHP development Efficient Licencing procedures - support for applicants Licencing procedures have to be: fast Simplified procedures for revitalisation projects No overloading demanded studies, expertise – cost intensive No overlapping Transparency and comparability of decisions Planning security, authority as a service point
06.05.2015Folie16 Needs for positive SHP development Adequate support mechanisms (for technical and ecological measures) Support mechanism have to: Stimulate modernisation, innovation and the usage of potential Show continuity (stable, long ranging) WFD implementation has to be supported Stabel financing conditions for sector More green electricity from SHP
06.05.2015Folie17 Needs for positive SHP development Sense of proportion with WFD implementation Additional energy production due to modernisation must not be totally consumed by over boarding ecological burden Standards for residual flow and fish passes must not be overshooting (what is really needed for "good ecological status"?) Overshooting standards lead to: Resistance against modernisation projects – no innovation Delayed exploitation of revitalisation potential Unjustified limitation of new exploitation potential Compromises of economic viability due to high investments and losses Balanced implementation of WFD leads to: More SHP green electricity & attention for river ecology
06.05.2015Folie18 Needs for positive development Strengthening competences and building up advice services Comprehensive information and advice for SHP sector (legal, technical, ecological, economical) – example advise service in several Austrian provinces building up of planning- und advise competence Frictionless project handling under new framework conditions No "project frustration"
Good practice example in Austria Revitalisation campaign (esp. Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Tirol) Revitalisation - Consulting for operators (subsidies by the regional government) & Investment subsidies Aims: increase of energy production on existing sites ecological adaption measures new facilities on appropriate sites (technical and ecological) Results: Longest experience with this program in Upper Austria with the result of: additional electricity production of about 80 GWh 260 modernized or new plants Average production increase 40% Investment of 45 Mio. EUR Ecological improvements
Example of revitalisation 1: Magerlmühle Before Revitalisation At the river Großen Mühl - since 1922 HP utilisation to run a leather fabric Francis-turbine vertical with cogwheel and belt transmission Maximum throughput: Q = 5,5 m 3 /s Head: H = 2,6 m Turbine output: 110 kW electric power: 95 kW annual production: 450.000 kWh no fish pass 300 m diversion without residual flow
Example of revitalisation 1: Magerlmühle Revitalisation 2004 Kaplan turbine vertical double regulated Maximum throughput : Q = 6 m 3 /s Head: H = 2,5 m Turbine output : 135 kW electric power : 120 kW Annual production: 750.000 kWh Further operation of old plant with an annual production of 350.000 kWh => total production per year: 1.100.000 + new fish pass + 650.000 kWh (= + 140 % production)
Thank you for your attention www.kleinwasserkraft.at 22
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Quantum Dot Nanocomposite Based Novel Thermoelectric Materials
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ADA Technologies, Inc.
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Contact: Ronggui Yang
Address: University of Colorado
Dept of Mechanical Engineering
Boulder, CO, 80309-0427
Phone: (303) 735-1003
Type: Nonprofit college or university
AbstractABSTRACT: Energy harvesting has emerged as a critical need for many current and future Air Force missions to enable their long lifetime requirements. Traditional approaches have focused on harvesting solar and vibration (i.e., via the use of piezoelectric materials) energy. More recently, substantial interest has developed in harvesting energy derived from thermal gradients (e.g., due to solar radiation and/or waste heat) as it has the potential to greatly surpass the power generation capabilities of more traditional approaches. Unfortunately, deficiencies in the state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials have prevented their widespread use in energy harvesting / conversion systems. To address the need for higher performing thermoelectric materials, ADA Technologies, Inc., in collaboration with the University of Colorado, propose the development of a novel, high performance (i.e., high figure of merit or, ZT) and highly scalable thermoelectric material based on nanocomposite technology. BENEFIT: Energy harvesting and conversion is a critical need for numerous military applications. For example, future micro air vehicles are intended to meet a mission operation that extends over several days, which is only achievable by combining an efficient energy harvesting and storage system. Further, structural health monitoring for applications such as airframes and spacecraft is only feasible when combined with an energy harvesting system. Beyond the military applications, there exist numerous commercial applications that could make use of a structural health monitoring system enabled by an efficient energy harvesting system. Examples include wind turbine blades and civil infrastructure for enhanced performance and safety.
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