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|Topic Review (Newest First)
I was talking on another forum about swapping a 455 Olds into a Chevy Luv truck. The Luv was torsion bars. I'm older now and get confused easily.
|Miley Tipton
|hi everyone, can anyone please tell me, why 2005 dodge stratus give soooo many problems, its actually become a trouble for me, Does this problem comes since 1969 Dodge, or specially arisen in my 2005 Dodge....
Thanks Brian and Tech!
There's definitely a lot more to frame swapping than I had thought. Thanks for taking the time to write your responses! It's guys like you that make this bulletin board so valuable. Looks like I have a good bit more studying to do!
|Brian, I agree with you 100%. And perhaps I come off with some of my explanations in a "cavalier" manner, because like you said, I have been there, done that......many times. Thank you for your reply.
Tech, I don't recommend frame swaps, not because I can't do them, but the average person who is asking can't do them! Now, what you describe is NOT a "frame swap", it's a "frame clip". A front and rear frame clip, that is miles from the "frame swap" that I am on a one man crusade to end in the rodding world.
The frame clip is a way to go, I am not fond of it for a few reasons, not because they are so hard for ME or a guy like yourself who has a high amount of fabrication skills. One reason I am not fond of it is because it DOES take a tremendous amount of skill compared to a bolt on kit. I know exactly how to do it, I have done it right down to the angle finder on the control arm and your explanation is a good one but is your average rodder asking about frame swaps going to be able to grasp what you have laid out, not on your life!
This is the funny thing about most guys who ask questions like that, you or I would never ask the question, we would just DO IT because we have the skills. I don't know about this original poster,but MOST of the frame swap questions I see are from guys who are looking for the magic bullet. They are the same people who ask me at the shop "You mean you just can't pop out the dent"? They are asking about a "swap" this means unbolt and bolt in a new frame like putting a small block Chevy where a big block was, that is what they are asking.
The actual welding of the frame clip onto your old frame is just a small part of the job just as making the motor mounts are in an engine swap. It is all the dozens of other things that make it tough. And every swap is different. Knowing how to set up and measure out the frame to weld it on is going to remain pretty similar, but the rad support, the inner fenders the bumper brackets that is where the real time often gets spent, and a LOT of fabrication skills are needed.
I wouldn't think a thing about chopping the top or sectioning the body ANY car. I am a pro and have done many of them. I could chop a friggin 2007 Escalade and not think a thing of it, but I sure wouldn't tell a newbe to do it!
If someone really wants to do it you have laid out a great overview on how to pull it off successfully. As I was reading it I thought about how many guys I have worked with who repaired cars for a living who couldn't have pull it off! I know one thing, if a guy reads what you wrote and it makes sense then he is ready for the challenge.
As long as the guy who is going for it has gotten all sides and makes a good decision with the understanding of what it takes and knowing HE can do it then cool.
Well, someone has to be the lone voice in the wilderness calling out for a frame swap. The problems that people tell you about are brought on by their lack of knowledge of how to do it cleanly and effectively.
First of all, you need a flat, level working area. The garage floor is not level. What I have done in the past is to shim up the difference with 3" x 3" or 4" x 4" pieces of thin wood glued together. I started at the highest point of the garage with no shims and shimmed taller and taller as I went downhill. These stacks of wood shims were placed about 6" apart and glued to the garage floor. When I had an area large enough to work off of, I laid 1" particle board down over the shim stacks. Three boards were used to make the working pad 7 ft. x 12 ft. Each board was 7 x 4 because I cut off a foot from the end of each of the boards. When I was through, I had a working pad that was within 1/16" of being flat and level from one corner to the other. At the low end of the garage, the shim stacks were 2 3/4" tall. This is not a costly operation. You need a 48" level, a couple of door skins, some 1 x 2 or 1 x 3 material, some 2 x 4's, some wood glue and three 1" pieces of particle board. Less than a hundred dollars can build a pretty nice flat board.
Going from one stack to the next stack, lay the end of your level on the last stack you glued down. Under the other end of your level, build your stack to come up to the underside of the level. Now, build all the stacks in between to come up to the underside of the level. I'm probably making this sound more difficult than it is.
In my opinion, the way to do it is to remove the cab from the original frame, clean everything up and install new frame biscuits between the cab and frame. Move the truck onto the building pad. Make sure the front wheels are sitting straight ahead. Measure the front track and the rear track and write down the measurements. This is the measurement from the middle of the tire on one side of the truck to the middle of the tire on the other side of the truck. Once you have the front and rear tracks written down, remove the wheels and tires. Drop the body to the ride height that you want when finished and insert jackstands under the frame at each corner of the cab. This is where you decide what the finished product will look like, whether you want it at stock ride height or dropped a little in the front or dropped a little in the rear or dropped a little front and rear but sitting level or whatever. Drop a plumb bob line from the center of each front spindle to the pad surface and make a mark (that's what's nice about having a particle board surface to work from, you just make your marks with a carpenter's pencil). Now go to the rear and drop a line from the center of the rear axle and make your marks on the pad. Use your tape measure to measure corner to corner each way diagonally to make sure you have a rectangle. If not, move your front marks to make it a rectangle, not a rhomboid. This is where we will correct any tweaking that has been done to the frame in the past. We will have "square" frame marks on the pad to construct the new front and rear clips when the project is done so the truck does not "dogleg" down the road. Draw a line between the rear X's. Draw a line between the front X's. Draw a line between the front and rear X's on each side. Measure again to make sure you have a rectangle. All further measurements will be taken from this box you have drawn on the pad.
Make up a sturdy fixture from 1" square tubing that will bolt to fender mounting holes in the cab and will locate the hood latch. You'll want to bolt this locating fixture back onto the truck when you are trying to locate the hood latch on the new front clip core support.
Cut off the front clip of the old frame, leaving about a foot of material in front of the firewall. Same at the rear, cut off the frame leaving about a foot behind the cab.
Now, you have to determine what donor you're going to use. You're going to use the front and rear clips from something. The Chevy Blazer will be too wide. You want to use a donor that has a front and rear track that is close to the Dodge to keep the project from looking like some hillbilly did it. While it is true that you can use different wheels with different backset to move the tires in or out, I consider it a cleaner job to get it right with the stock donor parts, then you don't have to spend money for different wheels.
You have the measurements of the front and rear track on your truck. Use those measurements to find a suitable donor car or truck. The wheelbase of the donor will not matter. We're going to use only the front and rear clips out of the donor. Ford Junkie was thinkin' Chrysler. Take a look at the Dodge Dakota pickup. The Gen I Dakota (narrower track than the Gen II truck) was made from '87 to '96 and the '91 to '96 used a 318 V8 as an option, so everything would be set up for the "A" motor of your choice, 273, 318, 340 or 360. There will be no need to fabricate motor mounts or moving the motor to the passenger side to miss the steering or any of the other contortions usually associated with a frame/clip swap that isn't well thought out beforehand. Of course, once you have your hands on a 360, a 408 stroker kit is only a phone call away.
Now, here is where most guys mess up on a clip swap. They fail to secure the suspension at ride height before welding the clip to the center frame portion. In other words, with weight on the suspension, the control arms are at a certain angle compared to the ground. For instance, if you get up under a Dakota that is complete and running around on the street and put an angle finder on the bottom control arm, you might find that it is level with the ground. But once you cut the clip off the front of the Dakota, there is no weight on the torsion bar and the lower control arm is no longer level with the ground. So, what you want to do is lay an angle finder on the lower control arm of a running, driving example of the donor you will use. You will also want to record the angle of another part of the front clip on the actual frame member front to rear, so that you can repeat that angle when welding your donor clip onto the recipient frame that lays under the cab. If you don't get the front to rear angle of the donor frame correct, the angle of the motor will not be correct. Record those angles. You will use it to set up your front clip by making a fixture to hold the suspension at the angle you recorded. When you do it this way, the front suspension is at ride height when you get done. You will put the centerline of the front spindle at the height off the pad that you want for whatever tire you want to use, for instance 14 inches for a 28 inch tire.
You will check for square by dropping a line from tip of the donor spindle to the pad. You may have to extend lines on the rectangle you drew on the pad. That's ok, that's what the rectangle is for, to have a base from which to extend lines to work from.
Here's a tutorial I wrote for the wiki concerning a Dakota swap into a '49 International.
The other choice I would look into would be a G body GM car, '78-'86 Monte Carlo, El Camino, Grand Prix, Cutlass.
frame swap ?
Some frame swaps are a piece of cake , most are not. A friend put his 49 merc on a monte carlo and said it was easy. We have a 48 jeepster that we put on a jeep FC (pug nose) frame, in the 80's It had a SBC, Od on the back of the T CASE. The frame contour was the same, just had to cut off the end of the truck frame and mount the rear bumper. 25 years later, The Jeep FC brakes needed rebuilt, locking hubs needed work. junior was looking at $ 600 in parts. Then we saw a 53 jeep pickup at a car show setting on a late 70's blazer, the guy said it was easy just a couple of angle iron brackets, longer bolts. We got a blazer , no engine but 8 good tires for $ 150. The 48 has a smaller engine compartment, originally a 4 cyl car. The engine had to go back 8 inches on the blazer frame, that meant modifying the engine brackets. new clutch linkage, drive shafts, e brake and steering mods, neither gas tank would fit, had to rework the rear seat floor area, relocate the shock mount crosmember. It would have been a lot easier to have put the chevy drive train under the Jeep FC frame, . The chevy frame is a lot stronger though.
Treetops Dodge Body Swap
Originally I was planning to attempt to mount my 54 Town Panel body on an 88 Ramcharger frame. My reasoning at the time was not only was the original 54 transmission geared low, so was the rearend. The 318 engine from the Ramcharger, brake, and the front suspension were also stronger technologies. Despite replacing the kingpins and tightening the steering worm gears the old Dodge still wandered down the road. I also have heard that modifying the existing frame to accept the new technology is the beter way to go. I'm not completely convinced and am hungry for additional input!
|Ford Junkie
returned you PM.....been away from the puter.
A "frame swap" could also be called a "Money swap", "Time swap", or "work swap". It will swap money spent from one thing to another, time spent from one thing to another, and work spent from one thing to another. But it saves you NO money, NO time and NO work, PERIOD.
Modify the original frame with the MANY kits out there to do this and you will be money, time and work ahead. And when you are done you will have a 1949 Dodge truck instead of a 2000 Dodge truck with some other body screwed to it.
|Ford Junkie
This question comes up often and the standard best answer is to modify the original frame for what you want. The reasoning behind this answer is the fabrication of all the body mounts as well as getting it mounted to a newer frame so the stance is correct and looks right. Example"there is a 57 chevy around here that has some of the best fabrication and metal craftsmanship you will ever see mounting it to a 80's Cutlass frame. unfortunately when it was all done it sits about 6" too high and doesn't look right, looks like it should be a 4 wheel drive"
It is much simpler to graft a late model front frame clip to your existing frame if it has not been damaged to be un-usable or use a suspension and motor mount kit from one of the aftermarket manufacturers. There are various opinions on what pieces to use and why each feels they are the right pieces for the job. Being it's Dodge then I would be looking for a Chrysler sub-frame and a 340, 383 or something along those lines......... just me and my weird thinking.
Not sure how all this post a message works, however I will try it. Hopefully we can find all our answers.
Welcome to the site, I don't know about the frame swap but someone here will.
1949 Dodge five window truck frame swap
I am a man that have been told that I was born in the wrong time. I love the old cars and styles. I bought and restored a 1949 Dodge truck 25 years ago. Since then my father drove this truck everyday and spun the main bearing. I would like to swap the frame. I have been told that a 1973 to 1987 Chevy Blazer and a S10 frame will work. I would like to use it as a daily driver. My plan is to keep the truck looking as original as possible. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
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Is 64-bit noticeably faster?
Win 7 32-bit V 64 Bit
Started by MiddlesbroughPhotographer, May 11 2010 04:58 PM
4 replies to this topic
Posted 11 May 2010 - 04:58 PM
Posted 23 August 2010 - 12:23 PM
you wouldn't say its faster. it can handle more load i.e. in other terms it's multitasking. that would mean you could do a lot many number of things together at the same time. There's also some improvement in the processing effectiveness. by that i mean the conventional programs have more dynamic memory to operate on than compared to it 32 bit counterparts. But yeah they have some issues as well. They don't have that repo as do the 32 bit family.
Posted 12 December 2010 - 08:23 PM
Well your computer can use more RAM so it will be faster if you are doing RAM intensive tasks.
Posted 26 December 2010 - 10:58 AM
QUOTE (mccririck @ Dec 12 2010, 08:23 PM) <{POST_SNAPBACK}>
Well your computer can use more RAM so it will be faster if you are doing RAM intensive tasks.
Not entirely true as most software isn't optimised for 64 bit and therefore will still only address a max 4gb ram. Photoshop CS5 is now available as 64 bit as are some high end CAD packages but by and large most packages aren't.
That said, running a 64 bit version of Windows on a computer with 8gb installed will tend to run a little faster overall as Windows will place more of its page file in ram as opposed to on the hard drive which will generally speed up the system overall.
With the price being the same though you may as well go Windows 7 64 bit to future proof your machine.
Danny B
No camera takes a great photo, a good photographer does...
Posted 15 June 2011 - 10:59 AM
Damn you beat me to it Dan, yes CS5 now is 64 bit so running in 64 bit with more than 4 gig of ram would be good.
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I can't get Hoyt's words outta my mind. Calling my blood shit.
When I think about my blood, I think about its healing nature. Its way of connecting me to the man that I love. At least that's how it used to be. But lately, it's like the little rope tied to him at one end, and me at the other? It's fraying or unraveling. All the fibers are coming apart and now we're just a mess of string that used to be something strong.
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The NRA's clout: It comes from the people
Gun rights are not popular in America because the NRA is so politically influential. The NRA is politically influential because gun rights are popular.
There was no NRA when James Madison penned the Second Amendment, and the belief that the Constitution protected the individual right to bear arms pre-dates the NRA. (UCLA constitutional law professor Adam Winkler has detailed how the 14th Amendment was proposed and ratified in part to guarantee that former slaves could not be disarmed, as the Ku Klux Klan and many Southern state legislators were trying to do.)
Many on the left believe that if the American people do not agree with them, then the people must have been brainwashed by powerful forces. They cannot fathom why their opposition to guns and gun rights is not the dominant view. It must be that evil NRA.
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The really big show aired Feb. 9, 1964, but the Fab Four still inspire tribute acts
By GRETYL MACALASTER
Sunday News Correspondent | February 08. 2014 12:08AM
Fifty years ago tonight, the Beatles made their American debut with their first appearance on (Zuma Press/MCT)
He recalled the anticipation and excitement he and his siblings felt and the confusion expressed by his parents.
Landrock and the other members of Beatles tribute band "All Together Now" don't have long hair - at least not anymore - and they don't dress in costumes that make them resemble their iconic role models. Instead, they channel John, Paul, George and Ringo through their music, with a multimedia presentation providing the visuals.
Hilton and his All Together Now bandmates hope to show some footage from that performance during their own performance at the Rialto Theater in Lancaster tonight.
"Just because it was fun. I don't think there was any intention to form a band, but we became addicted," Landrock said. "We started with the early Beatles stuff and just evolved."
"It was daunting at first. I had such a huge responsibility to really to try to do my best to replicate perfection," Hilton said.
Landrock was born in Lancaster and used to see movies at the Rialto as a child, so he said it means a lot to him to be able to play in the restored theater with his relatives in the audience.
On Thursday, the theater also will host a free screening of the Beatles' film "A Hard Day's Night," with donations for the local food pantry being accepted.
Fuller said the popularity of the Beatles' performance on "The Ed Sullivan Show" is almost unbelievable now.
Hilton said the enduring message in Beatles music is of hope and love.
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6Haley Boysen
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Regular day and evening yoga groups, and vegetarian cooking classes.
We have an extensive beginners curriculum that runs in both the mornings and evenings. We welcome beginners, and there is always time for questions. We suggest you start with a beginner's course or a meditation eveing, and then later hop into the very popular 3-year Discovering Buddhism course. Pujas (offering ceremonies) and retreats help to integrate practice and theory. We also offer weekly yoga classes, comprehensive home study courses on CD, non-religious courses on ethics, emotions and mindfulness, and hold regular social and community events.
We have an extensive lending library for members, and a Dharma Shop with books, statues, prayer flags and other practitioner needs.
If you can't decide where to start, just give us a call and we and we can explain the program further. Or, try the tag cloud below and discover the current courses on offer.
Keep your LTC flourishing!
Would you like to help LTC keep flourishing now and into the future? You can help by volunteering your time at the centre, sponsoring others to attend courses, or by making a TAX DEDUCTIBLE donation at the secure Givenow website.
May everyone who sees, hears, or thinks (even in frustration) of this web site be freed in that very second from all their sufferings, diseases, spirit harms, negative karmas and obscurations, and abide in the peerless happiness of full enlightenment forever. May all the Dharma wishes of HH the Dalai Lama, and our founder, Lama Zopa Rinpoche, be instantly fulfilled, and may all practitioners everywhere continue joyfully on their spiritual path.


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FLUSHING, N.Y. --- North Carolina freshmen Ashley Dai and Whitney Kay defeated Penn's Sonya Latycheva and Agustina Sol-Eskenazi to advance to the quarterfinals of the 2012 USTA/ITA National Indoor Intercollegiate Championships Friday at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center.
Dai and Kay rushed out to a 7-3 lead on the strength of a pair of service breaks before holding on for an 8-5 victory. They will face top-seeded and defending champions Kaitlyn Christian and Sabrina Santamaria of USC.
In singles, the Tar Heels dropped three straight-set matches to strong competition. Zoe De Bruycker fell to No. 41 Katie Le of Santa Clara, 6-3, 6-4. Fellow senior Gina Suarez-Malaguti lost to No. 8 Santamaria, 6-0, 7-5, and Kay fell to eighth-seeded Lauren Herring of Georgia, 6-1, 6-1.


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200m: 22.35 (2011)
400m: 47.46 (2012)
200m: 21.88 (2012)
400m: 47.36 (2012)
2010 Indoor 4x400mR: 5th, 3:10.34
2010 Outdoor 4x400mR: 8th, 3:10.10
2011 Indoor 4x400mR: 7th, 3:11.37
2011 Outdoor 4x400mR: 7th, 3:12.84
2012 Indoor 4x400mR: 6th, 3:11.29
CAREER HIGHLIGHTS: Five-time SEC scorer with 4x400m relay units from 2010 to 2012.
2012: Honors - None...Indoors - Led off UT's 4x4 toward a season-best 3:11.29 effort that placed it sixth at SEC Indoors...Ran a 400m career best of 47.46 that left him 10th and just missing the conference finals...Posted season-best 400m clocking of 47.91 to take fifth and ran lead-off leg of UT's season-best 4x400m relay effort (3:13.04) at the Texas A&M Mondo Challenge...Placed third in the 400m in the Gold Division at the Akron Invitational, running at time of 48.15...Finished third in the 400m with a 48.16 readout at the Kentucky Invitational...Anchored UT's 4x400m relay to third in 3:16.50 at that meet as well...Was fourth in the 400 with a time of 48.50 at the Auburn Invitational...Outdoors - Finished third in the Showcase 400 meters at the Sea Ray Relays, running a career-best 47.46 and anchored UT's 4x400m relay to third in 3:10.97...Placed second in the 400m at the SEC/Big Ten Challenge, just shy of his PR in 47.39...Also anchored UT to fourth in the 4x400m relay at 3:12.37...Won the 400m in 47.40 at the UCLA/Washington State Double Dual and ran second on UT's winning 4x400m relay (3:11.94)...Logged a PR in the 200m at 21.88 to place seventh at the Tennessee Challenge...Also ran on UT's winning 4x400m relay (3:13.25)...Won at the Vanderbilt Invitational, running the 400m in 47.53...Ran the 400m leg on UT's runner-up sprint medley relay (3:21.41) at the Penn Relays...Checked in with a time of 47.43 in the prelims of the SEC Championships...Also ran the opening leg on UT's ninth-place 4x400m relay team (3:15.04).
2011: Indoors - Ran the third leg for UT's seventh-place 4x400m relay at the SEC meet, helping that group log a season-best time of 3:11.37...Cruised to a season-best 400m time of 47.64 at the Kentucky Invitational and hit 47.82 at the SEC meet...Notched a career-best 22.35 in the 200m at the Penn State National...Outdoors - Aided UT's 4x400m relay squad, as that quartet matched its indoor SEC finish with an identical seventh-place outcome outdoors in 3:12.84...Anchored UT's winning 4x4 at the Sea Ray Relays in 3:12.48...Had a personal PR in the 400m in taking third at Sea Rays in 47.37...Won the 400 at the UT-UCLA Dual, checking in with a time of 47.88...NCAA East Preliminary Rounds 400 qualifier but did not advance out of first round.
2010: Indoors - Ran the anchor leg for the 4x400m relay squad that earned an NCAA provisional qualifying mark at the SEC Indoor Championships while scoring for UT and placing fifth with a time of 3:10.34...Also registered a then-personal best in the 400m with a clocking of 47.57 in the prelims of the SEC Championships...Notched a pair of seventh-place finishes in the 400m at the Virginia Tech Invitational (48.93) and the Rod McCravy Memorial (48.35)...Aided the 4x400mR team to three top-five finishes...Outdoors - Helped UT score as a part of the 4x400m relay tandem at the SEC Outdoor Championships that placed eighth with a season-best time of 3:10.10...Posted a career-best time of 47.85 in the 400m at the Sea Ray Relays to finish sixth...Placed second in the 400m at the Tennessee Invitational with a time of 48.11.
2009: Indoors - Competed in three 400m races and one 200m race during the season...Top 400m readout of 49.15 came at the Virginia Tech Challenge in a 12th-place finish...Lone 200m time was 22.73 in the prelims at the Niswonger Invitational...Outdoors - Top outdoor 400m readout of 48.48 came in a 32nd-place finish at the Florida Relays...Earned fourth-place finishes at the Eastern Kentucky Open and USF Invitational, posting times of 49.13 and 48.89, respectively.
HIGH SCHOOL: Won state championships in the 400m both indoors and outdoors his senior year...Also placed second in the 400m at Nike Nationals...Voted MVP of his track & field team his junior and senior years and cross country team his senior year...Set his school's 400m record at regionals his junior year...Named to Belleville's honor roll all four years of high school...His high school coach was James Hall.
PERSONAL: Born June 18, 1990...Majoring in finance...Parents are Varick Tucker and Joyce-Bennett Tucker...Has an older sister, Jennifer, and a younger brother, Alexander.


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i can only speak of the beretta px4 9mm which i own..just bought in 12/06 and the gun i have right next to me as i type. The gun fits well in my hands and shoots well...da/sa trigger and very nice looking..recoil is minimal (like my other beretta 92fs). I really like the px4..it is my nightstand gun. Shot well over 200 rounds already not a single misfire..easy to handle..i have an m6 insight tactical light/laser..can't beat it. I don't think you can go wrong with the px4...i am a happy owner.
the walther p99 ...well..i just bought it online yesterday night. Shipwreck and others on the board hooked me on that one... It definitely looks nice. all german made, and shoots well and accurate per ship and other owners.
I can't wait to pick up my walther next week..will fill in the rest next time.
btw..the p99 i purchased was in 9mm AS standard...got a reasonable deal..


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Detalles bibliográficos
Título: Morris Graves Flower Paintings
Editorial: University of Washington Press, Seattle
Año de publicación: 1994
Encuadernación: Cloth
Condición del libro: Virtually as New
Condición de la sobrecubierta: Virtually as New
Edición: First Edition.
For extra pictures of the more valuable books, please press the 'Ask Bookseller A Question' button. A first edition in virtually as new condition throughout. With virtually as new dust wrapper. Buying more than one book will save on postage costs. To help our customers, we have split our books into 70 + categories. Size: 10¾"- 12" Tall. N° de ref. de la librería 007574
Opciones de pago
Esta librería acepta las siguientes opciones de pago:
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Librería en AbeBooks desde: 17 de julio de 2004
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For extra, high-resolution photos of the more valuable books, please press the "Ask A Bookseller A Question", we aim to respond very promptly. We use the following Condition Categories: Virtually as New, Excellent, Very good, Good and Working Copy. Virtually as new means no apparent defects, price clipping or marks. For magazines and leaflets we use the first condition to describe the CONTENTS and the second condition for the COVERS. For the more valuable books many have photographs available. S...[Más información]
Shipping costs for each item are based on uninsured postage on books with a packed weight of 2.2 LB, or 1 KG. If your book and packaging weighs more, requires insurance (for valuable books and non UK customers)or is oversized, we will contact you when we receive your order or enquiry to let you know the extra shipping costs. Please be aware that for uninsured parcels we obtain a postage receipt after which shipping is at customer's risk. We use the following Condition Categories: Virtually as New, Excellent, Very good, Good and Working Copy.
Descripción de la librería: Our base is near Billingshurst, West Sussex UK. We have been book collecting for 30 years. Our books are stored at the appropriate steady temperature and humidity. We offer rare and out of print books primarily to collectors. We normally describe the condition of boards and spines separately and in addition to contents. For magazines and leaflets we use the book description box to describe the CONTENTS and the jacket box to describe the covers. To assist collectors we try and offer magazines individually (subject to a minimum order value of £10 + P&P). For a number of the more valuable books photographs are avaialable on our website. Some have multiple images and there are both small and large images available. Either click "ask bookseller a question" or e mail us direct to access the picture gallery. For queries made through our BiancoLibrary website we can provide images "scanned to e-mail" for books vlaued at over 20 pounds or so. Please bear in mind that these scans cover boards and plates etc but cannot always accommodate spines. In some cases we can also fax black and white copies. We ask customers not to abuse this service.


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these are made by diesel and "hello" they are called the " solo".i wonder where they got the idea for this design.
Printable View
these are made by diesel and "hello" they are called the " solo".i wonder where they got the idea for this design.
Definately some Fett inspiration going on there. Square toe, piping/seam lines, even the style of boot is reminiscent of Boba's boots. Pretty cool.
Wow!! Nice spot!! Amazingly similar!!
Ahhhh yes. A very stylish boot indeed. This particular make is for a more refined fett. Inspired by the "Greedo".....our "Solo" model borrows from the same basic design, and takes it to the next level. Yes, neither Bounty Hunter, Imperials or Jedi Masters themselves can deny the elegance of the "Solo". Truly an article which commands attention the instant they appear in a crowded cantina. The simple yet radical design of the "Solo" grabs your interest, and demands that you take notice, with all the intensity of a Dark Lord of the Sith, grabbing at your neck from across the room.
Price: 754 credits a pair
See our accessories section if you would like to add toe spikes
*Note: Imperial Tax enforced.....EVERYWHERE!!!!
*Note: Only known galaxies will be shipped to.
*Note: Smuggling of boots, as well as all other items is prohibited. ;)
:lol :lol :lol
:lol, nice finding, and it gives me the chills of how close are those looking from the real ones, all you need is the white/light gray sole siding and you're good to go. (and of course, to paint the whole boot. :):thumbsup
Robert :fettrotj


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Items where Division is "Faculty of Social and Human Sciences > Mathematical Sciences > Operational Research" and Year is 2005
|Up a level
Group by: No Grouping | Authors/Creators | Item Type
Jump to: Article
Number of items: 2.
Muyldermans, Luc, Beullens, Patrick, Cattrysse, Dirk and Van Oudheusden, Dirk (2005) Exploring variants of 2-opt and 3-opt for the general routing problem Operations Research, 53, (6) (doi:10.1287/opre.1040.0205).
Wuttipornpun, Teeradej, Yenradee, Pisal, Beullens, Patrick and Van Oudheusden, Dirk L. (2005) A finite capacity material requirement planning system for a multi-stage assembly factory: goal programming approach International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, 4, (1), pp. 23-35.


text: i just looked in a cheaper than dirt and my eyes went blank. 99.97 for a gi ar15 30rd mag. i dont know how everybody else feels about this BS but im done with these places and just going to reload some. i bet money on this,,, some of these people pushing all this crazy gun control and mag s have stock in a few companies. price gouding to the maxs. i wonder if there are a few laws being broked right there on prices.


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Looking for the Best Keyboard
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Malek Nyghtson,
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Here's a little something a buddy of mine and I worked up. I first came to him for advice on electronics. I told him what I wanted to do and he answered my question instantly. He bust out his keychain and showed me this awesome LED light. Once we brain stormed the schematics, he went to work and returned with this beautiful set up.
It has 3 settings.
1. High power
2. Low power
3. Strobe.
The regular keychain setp will have the high power stay on for about 3 minutes with it's regular batteries. So I decided that maybe if we add more juice it will last longer.
Also on the regular keychain the low power will stay as long as the battery will last. That goes for the strobe light aswell.
I haven't tried keeping the light on on high power with the new setup to see how long it takes to turn off, but I'm only keeping my beacon light on strobe settings. I know it's not screen accurate but it's really cool.
You could buy this Inova microlight key chain on Ebay for about 5 dollars. It cost 19 dollars in sporting places.
I bougth mine from this company. Gad Zooks on Ebay.
here's video of the setup. The strobe looks a little weird cuz I dont think my digital camera could handle the strobe lighting. But it strobes normal to the naked eye.
let me know what you think.


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Taylor, MI, USA < change city >
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Very helpful! Our last vendor dropped out at the last moment, I called Uncle Buck...
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I would have NEVER believed LIGHTING could make such a HUGE difference. AMAZING.
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Amazing how so many different prices and all do the same thing. The results were...
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It was truly a pleasure to work with this company. I would recommend them anytime!
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Shares of Lululemon Athletica (LULU) have popped in after-hours trading on reports that founder Chip Wilson will sell his stake in the company. Reuters has the details:
Chip Wilson, the founder of Lululemon Athletica Inc, has agreed not to wage a proxy contest on the yoga apparel maker, in return for two additional director positions and number of other governance changes, the company said on Thursday.
As part of the agreement, Wilson will sell half of his 27 percent stake to private equity firm Advent International for $845 million. Advent will add two of its senior managers, David Mussafer and Steve Collins - to Lululemon's board, expanding it to 12 members. Mussafer will take the role as co-chairman alongside existing chairman Michael Casey.
Shares of Lululemon have gained 6.8% to $41.69 at 5:34 p.m. in after-hours trading after dropping 2.4% during regular market hours today.
UPDATE: Belus Capital's Brian Sozzi interprets Lululemon's press release:
While the market cheers the news of Chip Wilson selling a part of his stake, theoretically relieving some of the headline risk from the prolonged public board squabbles, buyer beware. Here are two things we decoded from this news bomb:
1. Lululemon is likely to issue a disappointing second quarter and outlook (again) when it announces earnings on September 11. Not only have we been unimpressed with the lack of newness in the assortment, but Under Armour's (UA) growing dominance in women (and increased floor space at Dick's Sporting Goods (DKS) and Macy's (M)) as seen in the second quarter likely was siphoned right from the cash registers of Lululemon.
2. Chip Wilson in not so many words suggested Lululemon, although having ample long-term growth opportunities, does NOT own the female athletic apparel market and does NOT deserve to be valued as such by the market. Barriers to entry have come down, and the fact is rivals are doing a better job getting more versatile product to market quicker than Lululemon.


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Traditional elegance is matched with modern function in this swing arm wall lamp from Holtkoetter. The classic white shade sits a top a hand-crafted fixture finished in hand brushed old bronze. The sleek swing arm allows a wide range of light for reading, tasks or area lighting. A built-in dimmer provides comfortable light control for all settings. The shade is hand washable. Superior design and construction by Holtkoetter Lighting.
Holtkoetter is one of only a handful of companies left which designs and manufactures their own fixtures from raw materials to finished product. The resulting lamps and chandeliers feature craftsmanship and quality to be admired. The designers at Holtkoetter strive to combine form and function, just like their forefathers at the Bauhaus school. Holtkoetter lighting is sleek and streamlined with beautiful metal finishes. The clean, elegant forms embody contemporary design principles and offer striking beauty that will enhance your decor.
Our team has over 100 years combined experience with contemporary lighting.
Every EuroStyleLighting.com order is backed by our 100% Satisfaction Pledge.
Shipping and Delivery Information - For item EU86206 if ordered by 1 pm Pacific Time


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Student Spotlight: Melissa Theodorakatos
by Stephen F. Sullivan
Students of Dowling College take pride in what they do: some love art, some love getting involved, and others love their work. Sometimes, a special student comes along that embodies all of these passions to an incredible extent; exemplifying the highest of standards in each and every task he or she embarks upon. This month, the Lions Voice is highlighting such a rare but valuable and remarkable student: Melissa Theodorakatos.
Melissa is currently a senior, her third year at Dowling College. She was able to skip an entire year of classes at Dowling, something that speaks of her academic diligence in high school. She was accepted into Dowlings Honors Program, after meeting with Dr. Stephen Lamia and proving that she not only met, but exceeded the rigorous requirements. Awarded the Presidential Academic Scholarship, Melissa was able to focus on her studies and work with much of the burden of tuition taken off her shoulders. Melissa was also inducted into the National Society of Collegiate Scholars, and the Alpha Chi national honor society.
Graphic design is a field that Melissa was always interested in, having a strong art background and having her work displayed in art shows during high school. Through her keen artistic eye, she was able to transcend the expectations of her graphic design professors at Dowling and was able to open her own art show at the Farmingdale Public Library. She is currently working on strengthening her already impressive portfolio in preparation for graduate school applications. Professors are consistently impressed with her abilities and the output of her work, which surpasses their expectations immensely.
In addition to her academic work and maintaining a 4.0 GPA, Melissa is involved in the Dowling College Student Government Association in myriad ways. Most prominently, she is President of the Dowling GSA, a club whose mission is to create a safe space on campus for all students, no matter sexual orientation, gender identity, race, ethnicity, or religion. Melissa believes strongly in the message of equality and acceptance of people of all backgrounds and strives to maintain a place where Dowling students can be who they are, judgment-free. She is also the layout editor of the Lions Voice, Conatus, The Raven Quills Conspiracy, and Riverrun, Dowlings Literary Magazine. Additionally, Melissa is working with the Humanitarian Club in several fundraisers, including Light The Night and The Trevor Project. This is in addition to outside work, including the position of layout designer for other publications and contributor of art for other literary works.
Melissa has been working as a tutor for over twenty middle, high school, and college students for the past five years. She also holds work-study positions in the Dowling Art Studio, Art Office, and Office for the Arts and Humanities Department. Melissa also volunteers part-time at Second Chance, a local cat shelter. Through these important and charitable opportunities, she has gained valuable insight into the world, made strong connections with her coworkers and bosses, and learned the benefits of hard work.
End the Hate Campaign is Melissas most recent venture, an initiative she took after the recent suicides of LGBT youth in the country. She has met with Dr. David Ring, Vice President for College Administration & Student Affairs, Dr. Suzanne Johnson, Professor of Psychology and Academic Chair of the Social Sciences Division, and Ronnie MacDonald, Vice President for Enrollment and Student Services, to discuss this important undertaking. While many believe that bullying is an issue most relevant to middle and high school students, this discrimination, harassment and behavior also occur at the collegiate level within both the student body and staff. Melissa wishes to bring awareness to this issue, and educate Dowling students and staff on the ways to deal with bullying, whether in person or on the internet. Events are in the works, but this campaign is sure to be not only successful, but exceed the exceptionally high standards Melissa consistently sets for herself. Dowling College should be proud to have such a diligence, hard-working, dedicated and passionate leader among its student body. Her presence will be missed when she graduates in May of 2012.
SGA President Honored at Leadership Conference
by Alyssa Copeland
It has been a common occurrence since I have moved to Long Island four years ago to hear many of my friends and family members (particularly the younger ones) say, I cant wait to get off of this island. Their reasons range from the high cost of living, to the public school systems, the local environment, but the results are usually the same: eventually, they decide to move elsewhere. With a large percentage of Long Island young adults relocating to other parts of the country after graduating from college, there is a serious need to address their concerns. That is what Vision Long Island is attempting to do. A local advocacy group, Vision Long Islands aim is to preserve local communities and improve the island so that people want to stay here. Their mission statement reads: Vision joins with others to promote more liveable, economically sustainable and environmentally responsible growth on Long Island through Smart Growth. Smart Growth focuses on infill, re-development and open space preservation A key objective is to strengthen communities from the start by actively involving local stakeholders in planning.
For the last decade, they have held the Smart Growth Summit in order to gather civic, student, and community leaders in order to pave a path towards a successful future Long Island. On June 17th, the 10th Annual Smart Growth Summit was held with over 600 attendees representing a wide spectrum of organizations, along with business, education, labor, and government groups from the area. Some of the issues discussed at this conference included making housing affordable, transportation concerns with the Nassau County bus system, and the lack of North to South rail lines. The keynote speaker was New York State Comptroller, Thomas DiNapoli, who spoke on the importance of preserving the local environment, supporting Smart Growth throughout the island, and pushing for necessary infrastructural projects. It was also at the Summit that the Smart Growth Awards were presented to honor community members and leaders who promote their efforts in growing and preserving Long Island for the future.
Dowling College was well represented at this years conference, with James Rhodes, our SGA President, receiving the first ever Youth Leadership award given by Vision Long Island. The organization recognized James efforts in improving both the Dowling community and his involvement with local initiatives that affect young adults, along with honoring West Islip High School senior Kelly Douglas for her contributions to her school.
The Youth Leadership was created to show appreciation towards those who, even at a young age, are extremely active in their community and show initiative and leadership through the Smart Growth program. When asked how he felt about receiving this honor, James stated that he was absolutely shocked to receive the award I was very honored and humbled to see that I was appreciated for voicing my concerns for Long Islands future.
Also representing Dowling College was Interim Provost and Vice President for Corporate Programs and Continuing Education, Elana Zolfo, who along with various other members from local organizations participated with the awards ceremony. The new President of Dowling College, Dr. Jeremy D. Brown, was also in attendance, supporting our college along with James in his moment of glory. According to Dr. Brown, James excels beyond the classroom as President of the Student Government Association and advocates for important initiatives that affect all young adults within the region. Its gratifying to see students recognized by members of the Long Island business community. Were proud of him for his commitment to engage and empower his fellow students to reach their potential.
After attending this conference, James Rhodes is hopeful that the things he and other members of the Dowling College, who attended the Summit, have learned will benefit our own community. Specifically, he cites that the conference gave him a chance to see that, despite differences in agenda and ideals, community leaders can come together and work towards a common goal that benefits all, rather than some.
James achievement and the Summit in itself show that Long Islanders concerns for the future are being addressed. It is through the mutual effort of everyone involved in Vision Long Island that issues we face will be resolved, and that our area continues to grow into a community that we can be proud to be a part of, rather than the current situation we face with young adults seeking to live elsewhere. For those students interested in Smart Growth and Vision Long Island, the organization can be reached at http://www.visionlongisland.org/.


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The Canisius College swimming and diving teams cruised to a sweep of Fredonia on Saturday, with the women winning 173-110 and the men taking the meet 175-116.
The Griffs finished with the fastest time in every swimming event, paired with taking 3-of-4 diving events, leading to a big win in the team's first meet at the Koessler Athletic Center this season.
"I think it's great," said head coach Scott Vanderzell. "We've come off a lot of travel over our last six weeks, so it's nice to finish off this way at home after exams and to give us a push for this next month of training."
The meet began with diving on Friday night, with junior Eddie Quarantillo winning the 3-meter dive for the sixth-consecutive meet. Quarantillo finished the high-board with a score of 310.75, with freshman Adam Bonk right on his heels with a new career-best in the event (307.30).
Quarantillo also took the top-spot in the 1-meter dive, posting a score of 281.00, holding off Fredonia's Rafael Santiago by 0.20 points.
Sophomore Audrey Mulhisen won the 3-meter dive for Canisius, posting a 259.30, falling just 0.10 short of her own school record in the event. Mulhisen placed second in the 1-meter dive with a score of 231.10.
On Saturday, the swimmers picked up where the divers left off, taking the top-three spots in each of the 1000-yard freestyles. On the women's side, seniors Anna Schena and Leah Villari finished one-two with Schena posting a 10:59.85, followed just under 10 seconds later by Villari. Freshman Hannah Olek rounded out the trio with a time of 11:21.41.
The men saw the same results, with junior Sean Wurster taking first place (10:07.76), followed closely by senior Sam Hansen (10:12.83) and freshman Michael Berg (10:18.65).
Sophomore Spencer Bray took his first-of-two events on the afternoon in the 200-yard freestyle relay, swimming to a time of 1:44.35 – just five hundredths of a second shy of the pool record. Bray then swam to a 4:40.50 in the 500-yard freestyle.
Sophomore Clare Battaglia (50- and 100-yard backstrokes) and freshmen Marissa Watroba (50- and 100-yard breaststrokes), Hannah Graesser (50- and 100-yard freestyles and 200-yard IM), Wyatt Sintay (50-yard backstroke and 100-yard breaststroke) and Matt Tanchick (50-yard breaststroke and 200-yard IM) each swam to multiple victories in the meet.
Canisius will now have nearly a 1-month layoff before returning to the pool on Jan. 11 at home against Gannon.


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Latest Funding Alert
FUNDING ALERT Vol.6 No.10
Read this funding alert online.
National Resource Center on Domestic Violence & National Sexual Violence Resource Center
The FUNDING ALERT provides a synopsis of the availablefunding that can be used by individuals and/or agencies working to end domesticviolence and sexual assault.
Partnership with Child Support Services to Develop Workforce Strategies and Economic Sustainability
- Partnership to Strengthen Families: Child Support Enforcement and University Partnerships
- Special Improvement Project (SIP) - Projects to Address the Economic Downturn on IV-D Operations
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The use of intelligence evidence in court for the first time could be stalled by demands from intelligence services for a right to veto the use of the transcripts from their secret bugging operations. The CIA is also unhappy that its intercepted phone calls or conversations between suspected terrorists could be produced in British courts. An effort to have such evidence produced in court ran into opposition from the Gordon Brown government which noted "there are considerable hurdles that need to be crossed." Civil rights leaders in Great Britain not only want the evidence produced in court, but they want the Brown administration to cease its campaign to detain suspects up to 42 days(it is now 28) which is being advocated by those in authority.
Prime MInister Gordon brown told MPs he personally supported the idea of using intercept evidence in courts, but he still had work to do in order to gain support from intelligence agencies. The MPs want to prevent disclosure of material if the agency which obtained it was against it being made public. Intelligence agencies do not wish to allow lawyers to require them to release entire transcripts.
We live in unusual times when it is possible for those in authority to determine which part of a transcript is introduced in a court of law. We all know disclosing a piece of a transcript could dramatically alter the meaning of the document, but that apparently doesn't bother the human rights beliefs of intelligence service leaders. They want court systems to trust their judgement. Ordinarily, that is the view of authoritarian regimes.


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|Topic Review (Newest First)
You can get the same thing with a prong a leash and some negative reinforcement. Can have someone stand behind them doing it too provided they know what they are doing. You get the added benefit then of being able to keep the dog from cheating forward if you are doing a sport where you give a crap about that kind of thing. Depending on the angle you give the reinforcement you can send very clear messages to the dog as to what position he is supposed to be in too.
Say for a heel command. Hold the stick on front of the dog. If he touches it he gets a hit of the e collar. Dog understands to stay behind the stick. So when you turn the stick moves as well and the dog avoids contact with the stick so to avoid the shock from the stick.
This turning can't really be accomplished with another person behind delivering the prong correction.
Or the dog moving into heel position. Again a helper must be running around the dog with the prong lead to actually deliver a correction if the dog isn't getting into correct position. It is not really practical to do it.
It is the beauty of a e collar really. A very versatile tool.
BB is creating a channel for the dog to go into where there is no shock. Outside this channel the dog gets shocked. I can't see how this can be achieved in such a clean way with prong correction and neg reinforcement, although that technique can do a similar job but in a rougher manner.
Originally Posted by David Winners View Post
I think Ivan and Bart have both shown that you can increase speed and accuracy with the e-collar. I'm going to order it today. I'm in the field, so I won't get it until I get back in a couple weeks. I'm excited about watching it though. Thanks for the info.
David Winners
|Colie CVT
Personally I feel that if you want success in anything that you do, you have to be experienced and educated. Never one or the other. You may start one more with one of those situations, but the other is something required to balance it out. We never know everything and when someone comes along that can do something better than you can with a different method, it may be wise to learn something from that.
I mostly post because of someone saying that experience matters more in the realm of techs and assistants. It helps, but you need to know the WHY not just the HOW. Which I feel applies to dog training too. You can know reasons for or against different tools, but why they work and do not work based upon the dog and the manner in which they are used is not always just an experience thing. We read up methods, go to seminars, etc all for one purpose. TO LEARN.
I don't have much experience with e-collars (and honestly every time i see it normally I think of plastic lampshades :P ) however I am not going to bash someone for using it. I know they have their place. I just hope if anyone is going to use any tool with their pet, they seek help from someone who knows how to use it properly and learn all they can to succeed.
After all, knowledge is power.
|David Winners
Originally Posted by Blitzkrieg1 View Post
Yes I agree, I also love how Bellon pairs the collar with the sticks. If it was me Id buy Ellis first E Collar Vid and then progress from there with Bellon or Balbanov. I wish BB would do more movies.
David Winners
|Yes I agree, I also love how Bellon pairs the collar with the sticks. If it was me Id buy Ellis first E Collar Vid and then progress from there with Bellon or Balbanov. I wish BB would do more movies.
|David Winners
Originally Posted by Blitzkrieg1 View Post
Just finished it, not really trial oriented. It covers protection and obedience while the helper is on the field. He is very careful about using it in more advanced evolutions. I like MEs vids for starting a dog. However I think if you want to use the Collar in advanced OB and protection Bart Bellon has the best methods. ME doesnt believe the collar should be used to bring speed or improve body positioning as he doesnt believe the dog fully understands the collar in these applications.
David Winners
Originally Posted by David Winners View Post
Is volume 2 mostly finishing the dog for trial? It's on my Amazon wish list, just haven't ordered it yet.
David Winners
Originally Posted by jocoyn View Post
Kind of why I wondered if I should reply. Franchised training method so you don't even know if what you saw is consistent with the way the program is designed because they are not allowed to "talk about it" or no descriptions about how their approach is intended to work. In any event, the dog was very compliant but I did not see that oomph, that joy, which could also just be the dog. One thing I like about Lou is it is all there on his page but I realize you still do best with an experienced trainer picking up on the nuances of your dog's response/body language and helping guide you.
They've since changed up the way they work the dogs. My friends field retriever lacked enthusiasm and effort when I started training with them. The dog is now happy to train, my friend has been working with Bridget Carlson consistently....what a difference in the dog! Part of that growth was because my friend was strictly compulsion based in her training. When I started training w/ her she saw how we build drive, and cap it. It opened up a new world for her.
I was never a fan of SMS, and I still am the one that controls my dogs training program. There were things I didn't feel necessary that were suggested, other things were great, and helpful.
Originally Posted by onyx'girl View Post
I automatically thought of BB's results(He probably doesn't use an ecollor, just the dowel?)...I've used some SMS methods while conditioning my dog to the ecollar. Thankfully he didn't show any robotic behaviors.
Goodness, I can't help but giggle at this, but also hope that the OP takes the time to settle down and realize there are a lot of really awesome dog handlers here and there is much to be learned from many of them. I certainly don't know it all yet, although I kinda wish I did, I'd be a millionaire then! Even though I may not agree with some of the posters here, I almost always can find some sort of lesson if I pay attention, and if nothing else, I can take away what works for me and ignore the rest.
OP, something that is important to being 'good' at training, especially if you intend to instruct others, is learning to communicate effectively, and I for one, find it somewhat difficult to understand exactly what you are trying to convey in your posts. It also seems as if you are misunderstanding what many others are saying, so perhaps you could work on your communications skills and that might help you enjoy this forum more?
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Akron man accused of breaking a kitten's neck
(Akron)- Police are looking for 28-year-old Patrick Palmer.
Police Lt. Rick Edwards says Palmer kicked, choked and shoved his girlfriend against an SUV on July 4th after an argument. He then broke a kitten's neck and threw it at his girlfriend. Palmer took off before officers arrived.
He's wanted for domestic violence with a previous conviction, criminal damaging and cruelty to animals.
Palmer is a white male, 5'11'' and 130 lbs. Anyone one with information is asked to call Akron Police.
Get breaking news sent to your mobile phone. Text "news" to 21095.
(Copyright © 2013 by Clear Channel, all rights reserved.)


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|Topic Review (Newest First)
Steve, the key to using the existing 110 volt system holding plate coil for a small 12 volt system will again be the tubing size inside the plate and not the compressor tubing size.
If the plate tubing is too large a separate evaporator will be required.
Alternative energy from wind or sun is a good idea for boats with Swing or Danfoss compressor refrigeration. My rule is, fifty watts of power per cubic foot of box, per day when sizing solar panels.
Hi RLK,
Thanks for your informative reply. Your information is straight forward and directly answers many of the questions I have. I sure appreciate it.
I haven''t been able to see your slide show (software issue on my end). I''ll be happy to move this discussion over to your forum, but thought it appropriate to respond here first.
I can add a little more light on my situation. My "shore-power" system is a 1984, off-the-self, air cooled condensing unit (model 2314 sticks in my mind). It uses 1/8" copper flare fittings and pumped R-12. Both it and the engine unit were "dead" when I got the boat. I reinstalled the engine unit (sanden 505) and charged both systems. The engine side has been great. The electric unit has always needed help. With the lack of consumer available R-12, I opted to use aftermarket Enviro-Safe product with good success. The last charge had a dye-charge in it, so I''ll go and start looking for leaks on the electric side.
So, from your last post, I take it that I can in fact remove the electric unit and install a danforth type 12 volt condensing unit, assuming everything else is good. That would be excellent, as I have had great luck with the hold-over plate set up and I don''t mind charging when the engine is running. When cruising, I run the engine enough to handle the bulk of work, but would like to avoid running the engine at anchor just to cool the box. At 30-50 (or even 80) amps a day, with my solar panels and soon to be added wind generator, I should be able to go two or three days w/o out running the engine. That is my real goal here. Off the inverter, my electric unit draws 100a/hour.
See you on your web site.
Steve, Fleming refrigeration systems are excellent systems. The addition of a 110 volt dual system was sometimes called a shore power system, unless the boat was equipped with a generator.
As to finding the leak in the 110 volt side I would insert fluorescent dye in with a refrigerant charge, then immediately remove the water hoses from the condenser and replace them with balloons to see if the leak is in the seawater condenser. After the condenser checks out reconnect hoses and run the system as much as you can to allow the dye to find the leak. Any small black light will make the leak visible if it is external. Leaks inside holding plates will cause severe distortion of a holding plate. Severe distortion means the plate will look like a football, I am assuming the plates fill plug is still in place and tight.
Now to answer your questions:
To use another system connected to the holding plates it must match the capacity of the existing system. The key to your question will be the size of the tubing inside the plate. If the plate tubing is ½ inch OD a large 12 volt replacement is required. Plate tubing of ¼ to 5/16 OD would allow a 12 volt Danfoss compressor like an Adler Barbour to be connected to a plate. On a boat with a standard DC power system there is a good chance with a large 12 volt system the engine must be run to support the large systems.
I dont know the size of your box or boxes, but if you have watched my slide show or read my 12 volt book you will be able to evaluate what compressor has the capacity to support the refrigerator. Your friends Norcold unit has either one or two Swing compressors in it, Swing compressor and others pictured in slide show.
Yes, there are ways to add a small 12 volt unit to the existing box without disturbing the holding plate systems. If you will send box sizes and plate sizes and locations I will give you some recommendations. It is best to e mail or use my refrigeration forum.
From the author of four books on boat refrigeration
That is why I asked about the Waeco unit in my eariler post.
I currently have an old dual circuit Fleming Marine unit with twin hold over plates. One circuit is for the engine driven/water cooled unit (which is awsome), and the other is for a 110v AC, air-cooled condensing unit, which has been ok until we began cruising. It draws too much power for running with out shore power - something like 100amps off of my inverter. Plus, it cools much slower than the engine driven unit. Both, however can freeze my box, to the point where I have partitioned off one plate for use as a freezer. It can actually freeze meats in the FL Keys, as well as freeze my beer.
However, the 110v condensing unit has developed a a bad leak and no longer holds and adaquate charge. The engine unit is good, but I don''t like running the engine just to cool the box.
I have a friend with the same boat (Westsail 32) and box (9 cu. ft) who has had great luck with a norcold conversion unit. I don''t know which condenser unit it uses, but it only draws 4 amps and is self tending. He is very happy with it.
Point of all this is that it makes sense to me to convert over to a newer unit that draws less power and is more self tending than what I have. The water cooled Danfoss unit seems to make sense in my situation.
Could I adapt at newer 12 volt unit to replace the old 110 volt electric unit and keep my hold over plates intact? Assuming, of course, the leak is not inside the plates.
Richard, I''ve done the best job I can in the time I''ve had - we''re readying the boat to leave London on the next tide - to explain to this thread''s readers what I''ve experienced. I''ll leave it to you to offer up the seminar; my contributions are based on what I''ve seen and experienced myself.
One general observation: When you say "Jack, it is unusual to find anyone who has lived aboard with a water cooled Danfoss BD condensing unit that likes it." you are telling me that you have not been out among cruising boats in the field to the extent you may think you have. In the last 5 years, thru-out the Caribbean, the U.S. east coast, and now all of N Europe, my observation would be exactly the opposite of this. I don''t think we''ve - yet - met a single user of a Danfoss watercooled unit that a) was experiencing what they thought was poor performance, or b) had problems with their units. And this includes a testy engineer in Trinidad who did all kinds of tests with various units and cooling methods before ending up switching over to a water-cooled, Danfoss-based system. I''m sure there are some disappointed customers out there...there always are. But they must be quite small in number.
Cheers to everyone...
Jack, it is unusual to find anyone who has lived aboard with a water cooled Danfoss BD condensing unit that likes it. You are right there are no simple black and white answers about selection ice box conversion refrigeration units.
The days of selling products on the merits of their actual performance is over the real pioneers in boat refrigeration manufacturing and service are gone and it is now a catalog sales business. I guess I see the darkest side, those boaters that are dissatisfied with the unit or the people they bought it from. I have tried to cover in detail the small 12 volt refrigeration story in my 12/24 Volt Refrigeration Manual, the book also evaluates the manufactures. On the subject of selecting equipment the slide show on my web site is as good of an explanation as you will find on the subject and its free.
European manufacturers of these small 12 volt systems concentrate on the volume sales markets, small boats in non tropical waters. If a box to be converted to refrigeration is over four cubic feet and used in tropical waters Isotherm and WAECO do not have a suitable unit for a true refrigerator conversion. Seawater temperature plays an important role in selecting the type of refrigeration because it effects the boats interior temperature and the refrigerators performance. For more on this see FAQ 33 on my web site.
When a small 12 volt refrigeration unit is selected for a specific boat an application engineer or in most cases the boat owner should review all the available unit specifications. The important items effecting the equipment selection are:
Box Size and Shape
Even with todays high output alternators and smart voltage regulators there is a limit to how large a box that can be refrigerated with 12 volt power. When the daily total boat 12 volt amp hours exceed 100 its time to consider some type of alternative energy source or another type of refrigeration unless the engine alternator is to be run several hours a day.
The boxs size, amount of insulation and the owners intended use will provide enough information to determine daily required capacity. Manufacturers are not always helpful in providing system capacity information here is what one sales brochure says. ( BD50 compressor will handle a 8.1 cu. ft. box consuming One amp per hour average. In small print; With ambient water temperature of 72 degree F.) Bad info.
There are those that try to convince you that it is possible to use figures from a mechanical engineering book to determine the Btu heat load of a pleasure boat ice box, bad advise these boxes are not walk in coolers.
The shape of a box and lid opening in most cases will determine the type and size of the evaporator. The evaporator should be mounted high in the box. A freezer evaporator should surround the food product as much as possible. A small box or one with a tapered side is difficult to convert to a true refrigerator which means it also has a freezing section.
On the small boxes where the lid is large enough a chamber evaporator (bin) can convert the box into a true refrigerator with a freezing section.
Condensing Unit Location
The air cooled condensing unit must be located in a spot where the air that passes through it is not allowed to pass through it again.
Condensing units that are water cooled do not have a fan to assist in compressor cooling. This means that the only source of compressor cooling is the returning refrigerant that may be insufficient if the compressor is in a confined space.
Required Compressor Capacity
Select a compressor and its most efficient speed that will provide less than a 50% duty cycle.
Required Evaporator Capacity
It there are times when a compressor is to be operated at max capacity the evaporator or holding plate must be sized to except that capacity. Example, a BD50 compressor at 3500 rpm needs a evaporator/holding plate with 500 square inches of surface skin area to be efficient.
A large holding plate may be selected as a means of storing addition energy from alternative power sources.
Gas to Liquid Condenser Capacity
It is the job of the condenser to see that liquid is delivered to the expansion device near the evaporator in the correct pressure range. If the air or water used as a cooling medium across the condenser coil is too cold or too warm, system efficiency is lost. A properly installed Danfoss compressor air cooled system can be left unattended for months this is not possible with a water cooled system.
There is a lot of boat refrigeration information on my web site including a refrieration forum at http://www.kollmann-marine.com
Richard, just a couple of thoughts to flush out the discussion a bit.
"The water pump systems are generally less efficient in warm water than air cooled and destroy the energy advantage of the of the variable speed compressors."
I''m not sure about the last statement as I have not yet used a variable speed compressor. However, for systems without these compressors, I doubt water cooling is categorically less energy efficient as that would depend on the draw of the water pump vs. the additional cooling value of water over hot tropical air. My experience suggest water cooling is going to be measurably better. I''ve also watched others experiment with water cooling in their boats (we had quite a group doing this down in Trinidad) and they found the same results I did. Insofar as ''reliability'' is concerned, I suspect your view on water cooling being less reliabile is drawn from so many systems using raw (salt) water, which does indeed bring aboard a lot of compromises. In 10 years of water-cooling reefer use, full-time, we''ve never had an issue with the water cooling feature because there really isn''t anything to go wrong unless the pump breaks. (I lied there... We need to clean the screen filter occasionally.)
I completely agree with your two main points stated upfront, and everyone reading this thread would help themselves by pondering them: everyone has their own preferences re: refrigeration (some want a meat locker!) and different boxes (and I would add, boat electrical systems, and lifestyles, and the waters in which the boat is used) can all be better or worse candidates for a given reefer system.
I can''t speak to your comments about Isotherm having no interest in after-sales service, except to note that it''s dealers who must provide service and dealer performance is so varied in quality and availability that probably any general comment is going to miss the mark. You may believe Isotherm is intended more for boats in cooler climates because they are a N European company and have deep market penetration here...but we saw excellent service from our Isotherm unit for 4 years in Florida and 2 in the Caribbean, so I''m not sure what else to expect of a system that our Isotherm system isn''t providing.
Just more food for thought... No simple, black & white answers (or even questions) here!
Jack, I know I wont Change your mind and I am sure you believe what you say but I would like to point out a few things regarding boat ice box conversion units. After building several hundred holding plates and working with at least 1000 boaters I did form some strong opinions about what works and what does not. The degree of refrigeration temperature acceptance varies from one boater to another. If you ask all boaters which refrigeration is best there will be someone who like every system sold.
The facts are that no one ice box conversion system fits all boats or meets all owners needs. Another thing to remember is that the efficiency of all refrigeration systems are not the same. The efficiency of an engine driven or large 12 volt system is rarely of concern because they both depend on the engine running. The concern with these large holding plate systems was how much energy could be transferred to the plates in a short period of tome. When it comes to these new small new variable speed 12 volt Danfoss compressors run time is no longer important. The System Coefficient Of Performance (SCOP) now allows manufacturers to have higher efficiency than was possible with the older compressors. The Isotherm holding plate systems are a good match for small boxes of less than four cubic feet in tropical, they even say this in their installation guide. One key to a holding plates performance is the amount of surface area must be able to absorb the heat capacity equal to the compressors output. In my opinion Isotherm no longer has an interest in after market support and their designs are for the cooler climates. If you want to compare the Danfoss compressor systems connected to holding plates I am sure the Technautics Cool Blue would be the most efficient in comparable boxes.
History has proven that pumped water cooling these small compressor systems results in poor system reliability. The water pump systems are generally less efficient in warm water than air cooled and destroy the energy advantage of the of the variable speed compressors.
Jim, I only have experience with the alcohol-filled holding plate of our Isotherm system...and it isn''t their large plate, either. So I can''t offer a first-hand comparison with e.g. Technautics plates which, as I understand it, use a glycol solution. Having said that, a friend rebuilt his Westsail icebox (perhaps that will give you a feel for dimensions and shape) with >4" closed cell foam on all sides and then installed a Technautics system. The system worked well but he was consuming 65-70 amp/hrs/day, sometimes more, so this was certainly no silver bullet re: efficiency. I would gauge his dimensions to be 50% larger than our approx. 5 cu ft box (which was the one drawing the 30-35 amp/hrs/day). These measurements were all taken with a Link 2000R (both boats) and in Bahamas/Florida spring/summer weather with water temps around 80F.
Re: what you can expect from a freezer, my impression is that it depends a lot on how clever you are, as well as how big the box and the freezer section, of course. When I installed the Isotherm, I riveted up an aluminum box not quite as deep (top to bottom) as the holding plate, and a bit narrower. I riveted on a bracket which hung over the top of the plate and slipped down its back side. This left the metal freezer box fitting next to (and touching) the plate, so lots of transfer. That''s worked great and no one has bigger/clearer icecubes...but in reality, I now realize I''m not using the coldest part of the box and would, at the least, build the freezer box all the way down the plate to the bottom of the larger box - that''s where the cold air hides!<g>
Our little freezer box has two vertical aluminum ice cube trays and some minor food items in it; it''s capacity is probably 5 or 6 of those ice cube trays. Not very big...
Jack - thanks for the real world experience feed back on holding plate vs evaporator current use. I am designing an on board refrigeration system, and have always liked the idea of the storage capacity of a holding plate, and your experiences support my hunches. I have two questions for you. In my research, I have learned holding plate characteristics can vary. Plates like those from Isotherm or Frigoboat freeze down to around 12 degrees above zero farenheit, while plates like those from Technautics or E-Z Kold freeze down much lower - to minus 13 degrees farenheit. First question: in your findings of 55-60amp/hrs vs 30-35amp/hrs, which temperature range plates were you observing? Second: with the holding plates that freeze around 12degrees above zero, has this proved adequate for a meaningful freezer space/performance - even a small one at one to two cubic feet - or is it really too close to 32degrees farenheit, and will only freeze items directly touching the plate? (R30 plus insulation is a given here). Jim D.
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