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From Mastering Voir Dire, Chapter 3
- To explore how jurors reveal their opinions and biases in their nonverbal behaviors.
- To understand the importance of deviations from normal patterns of communication.
- To develop strategies for utilizing nonverbal communication in jury selection.
To evaluate potential jurors' opinions and biases, it is important to be aware of what jurors are telling us beyond the answers they give to questions posed during the course of voir dire. As we shall see in Chapter 5, the way that voir dire is normally conducted inhibits candor and openness on the part of potential jurors. In addition, there is evidence that potential jurors may seek to deceive lawyers through their answers to questions posed to them.1 Thus, while the jury selection process places a premium on the information jurors provide, strict reliance on the content of jurors' answers may not reveal the jurors' true feelings and opinions.
Types of Nonverbal Communication
One of the most important ways people communicate has nothing to do with the content of what they say, especially when it comes to their opinions and emotions. Studies have shown that from 60 to 65 percent of people's total communication occurs through what are termed nonverbal behaviors.2 This type of communication consists of kinesic behaviors (nonlinguistic body motions) and paralinguistic behaviors (non-content aspects of speech).3 Considerable attention has been paid to the presence of anxiety in nonverbal communication, particularly in detecting when someone is lying.4 When people are anxious because of sensitivity to the subject matter, general nervousness, or a wish to deceive, they can reveal or "leak" their anxiety (and other feelings) through a variety of kinesic and paralinguistic behaviors. Lawyers can uncover the underlying opinions, feelings, and biases of potential jurors during the jury selection process by paying attention to the information contained in nonverbal communication.5
Nonverbal indicators of what jurors are feeling or when they are evading the truth are of two types: visual cues (what we see) and auditory cues (what we hear). Several points should be kept in mind when considering visual and auditory cues. First, there is no Pinocchio effect (i.e., the fictional character Pinocchio's nose growing longer when he told a lie). No single cue or behavior is universally associated with lying or anxiety. Second, although we will consider these cues separately for the purposes of explanation, in reality, the behavior of jurors is rarely this simple. Nonverbal cues usually occur in clusters or combinations of cues that provide the overall meaning to the behavior. Therefore, it is important not to fall victim to simplistic one clue/behavior interpretations of the nonverbal communication of potential jurors at any given time.
Third, jurors may exhibit individual behaviors or a cluster of behaviors for a variety of reasons. For example, when potential jurors fold their arms, it may reflect animosity toward what is being said, or it may simply mean the air conditioning has made them cold. Careful attention to the whole process is necessary in order to glean useful information about potential jurors' true feelings.
Fourth, in considering what to look for in the jurors' nonverbal communication, it is necessary to start at the beginning. That is, we must consider the normal pattern of the jurors' nonverbal behavior. How do jurors act simply as a function of their being in the voir dire situation? Observing jurors at the beginning of voir dire provides a critical comparison point or baseline for evaluating their subsequent actions. Does the juror's behavior change in response to what is happening on voir dire (who is asking the questions or what topic is being addressed)? For example, does the juror show signs of nervousness or agitation throughout the questioning or only when the topic of race relations or tort reform is discussed? Is the juror more open and talkative with one lawyer than with another?
Finally, it is important to understand that nervousness and deliberate deception may not produce the same responses within the same individual. Jurors may reveal outward signs of nervousness (e.g., increased blinking or lack of eye contact) in sensitive topic areas, but, when it comes to specifically expressing a misleading or deceitful opinion on a topic, they may exert greater control over their nonverbal communication (e.g., maintaining higher levels of eye contact). This latter activity can arise from stereotypes held by jurors about successful deception, for example, that lack of eye contact is associated with lying.
The key to understanding jurors' answers lies in deviations or breakdowns in their typical behavior. It is through the information these breakdowns provide and the overall patterns or clusters of jurors' behaviors that lawyers can better understand what jurors are really saying.
Visual Cues: What We See
The first category of cues comprises what is seen in the potential juror's behavior, such as movements, postures, and facial expressions. Eight types of cues are important:
- Body movement
- Body posture
- Body orientation
- Inadvertent emblems
- Shrugs
- Eye contact
- Facial expressions
- Microexpressions
Visual Cues to Anxiety and Deception
Source Examples of Behaviors
Body Movement
Shifting postures, wringing hands, repetitive movements, or "adaptive movements"
Body Posture
Greater rigidity and less head and body movement
Body Orientation
Closed orientation, folded arms, crossed legs, or leaning away from speaker
Inadvertent Emblems
Nested fist in the crook of the elbow or clenched hand on leg
Presence of shoulder shrugs
Eye Contact
Less eye contact and more blinking; exceptions: hostility and cultural norms of reduced eye contact
Facial Expressions
Frowning, skeptical expressions, detached or fixed smiles
Fleeting facial expressions (in milliseconds) reflecting emotions often inconsistent with dominant facial expression
Adapted with permission of Virginia Lawyer.
Body Movement
In general, the more movement the potential juror exhibits, the greater the anxiety. These movements can involve the entire body (e.g., shifting body postures) or more limited parts of the body (e.g., wringing hands or tapping fingers). Gross movements such as repeatedly shifting the body's weight ("fidgeting" or "squirming") reflect anxiety or nervousness on the juror's part, the traditional reaction to being placed on "the hot seat."
More subtle body movements relate to actions that dissipate the nervous energy or arousal produced by anxiety—rubbing the hands together and squeezing them at the same time, or strumming the fingers repeatedly on a chair arm or tapping them on a book, newspaper, or other object. Strumming and tapping movements, however, can also reflect impatience. While not necessarily an indicator of deception, these body movements often suggest unfavorable reactions to the lawyer asking the questions. Twisting an object such as a tissue, necklace, bracelet, watchband, or ring with the hand is often analogous to hand wringing and is a more subtle sign of anxiety.
Other signs of anxiety are what are termed "adaptive" movements,6 such as scratching one's head, pulling or twirling one's hair, or briefly touching one's face. Grooming can also reflect anxiety. Anxious potential jurors can be seen brushing their hair back with one hand or quickly shaking the head so that their hair falls in place. This anxious grooming can also lead potential jurors to "pick" at their clothing, removing lint, or they may "straighten" their clothing (dresses, coats, shirts, or ties).
Not all of these movements indicate anxiety. For example, scratching of the head also may reflect uncertainty, particularly if the head is tilted at an angle while the scratching occurs. While wringing the hands reflects anxiety, rubbing the palms together in a back-and-forth motion can indicate confidence or anticipation of something desirable. Steepling the hands, where the hands are placed palms together with the fingers pointed skyward, indicates confidence in one's position or in what one is saying. In addition, expressive gestures or "illustrator" movements that complement what is being said generally indicate a greater degree of comfort or involvement in the process. These cues or behaviors should not be mistaken for anxious reactions on the part of potential jurors.
Body Posture
This cue combines two sources of information, body rigidity and gestures. In general, the more rigid the body posture of a potential juror, the greater the anxiety the juror is experiencing. Signs of rigidity include an erect, stiff posture and the tightening of muscles. Tightening of the muscles in the hands and fingers can produce the appearance of "white knuckles" when anxious potential jurors grasp the arms of their chairs or clasp their hands in their laps. More subtle signs of anxiety occur with the tightening of smaller muscle groups in the body, particularly in the face. For example, in jury selection for a medical negligence case against a hospital, questioning of a hospital administrator on the issues of hospital liability and size of damage awards led to a subtle but informative nonverbal response. Although his answers were not overtly anti-plaintiff, his jaw muscles tightened whenever liability and damage award issues were addressed. When questioning returned to less sensitive areas, his jaw muscles relaxed.
Rigidity is also apparent when normal head and body movements do not occur during the course of voir dire questioning. This lack of movement can manifest itself in crossed arms, crossed legs, and legs crossed at the ankles. However, it is important to consider the above cues in light of other features of the potential jurors' nonverbal communication. For example, crossed arms with a genuine smile indicate comfort, not anxiety or resistance. Crossed legs with a slight kicking motion can reflect boredom or impatience. Placing the hands in pockets, particularly with the fists balled up, reflects anxiety and sometimes even hidden hostility.
Various gestures can also provide information on potential jurors' feelings.7 Placing fingers in front of the mouth can indicate reluctance or the holding back of the juror's true feelings. Placing a hand in front of the mouth can reflect a lack of confidence or embarrassment at what the potential juror is saying. Jurors who tilt their heads may be evaluating what is being asked or questioning the statement being made (enhanced by the juror's pursed lips). An open hand to the throat can indicate a need to protect oneself from an anxiety-provoking situation, topic, or person, such as the criminal defendant.
A final aspect of body posture concerns the concept of "mirroring."8 Mirroring refers to the degree that individuals adopt the body postures and mannerisms of those around them (or those of a speaker). Mirroring usually indicates agreement or a positive response to what is being said or identification with the person who is saying it. Potential jurors may mirror the postures or mannerisms of lawyers or other jurors with whom they identify or toward whom they have positive feelings. Mirroring among jurors is useful when considering the development of cliques or relationships that may form in the jury. Potential jurors mirroring each other are revealing possible bonds that may form if they serve together on the jury.
Body Orientation
A third cue concerns the orientation of the potential juror's body to the lawyer. Body orientation refers to the relationship of the front of the listener's body to the speaker. Open orientation can be seen in the "squaring" of the listener's body to the speaker. An open orientation by a juror generally shows lack of anxiety, positive feelings toward the speaker, or agreement with the speaker or his or her position. In a basic sense, an open orientation leaves the vulnerable parts of the body exposed, a position people are reluctant to take in the presence of someone (or something) that makes them feel uncomfortable. Thus, the degree to which the body is angled away from the speaker, as when the shoulder is turned toward the lawyer or party, reflects the "closed" nature of the relationship or resistance to the speaker or his or her position. This closed orientation can be particularly informative when it reflects an ongoing orientation toward one party or the other.
A related feature of orientation involves whether parts of the body are brought together to close off or "protect" the body. Crossing of the arms or legs can combine with orientation to reflect a further closing off to the lawyer. Jurors who cross their arms in this manner reveal their resistance or even hostility toward the lawyer or party to which it is directed.
Like mirroring, body orientation can provide information about potential relationships within the jury. How jurors associate in the hallways, lunch rooms, and the jury box during the course of jury selection provides glimpses of the relationships between jurors. Several jurors may stand together in a small group with the outlying members turning their bodies in toward the center of the group, reflecting the "closed" nature of the group. This exclusivity is particularly telling when other potential jurors are standing near the group, yet are not included in it. The orientation of jurors also can reveal relationships in the jury box. When several potential jurors tend to turn toward one another, other jurors can be left "outside," with their bodies oriented either straight ahead or away from these potential jurors.
Finally, leaning forward or away from the speaker can reveal the degree of interest in the lawyer or the position advocated. Generally, jurors who lean forward reveal their interest, attention, or receptiveness, but this is not necessarily a positive sign for the lawyer. A hostile potential juror, whose forward lean indicates attention to the lawyer or party, reflects a more combative interest, not the presence of any positive feelings. Leaning away by jurors, on the other hand, generally indicates less interest or less receptivity. This latter cue also may reflect comfort with what is being said or the fact that a decision has been reached. In either case, there is a decrease in the juror's need to be vigilant or attentive.
Inadvertent Emblems
Emblems are gestures that can be made in place of a word. The nodding of the head (yes) or the cupping of the hand behind the ear (speak up/I can't hear) communicates the intent of the person without the use of words. Like "slips of the tongue," there can be "slips of gestures" or "leaks of emblems."9 A key to detecting information contained in the leakage of emblems is that it is exhibited outside the normal presentation area (and oftentimes is present only in partial form). For example, an emblem or gesture such as a clenched or shaking fist is often made in front and away from the body, and is a sign of hostility or anger. Generally, such emblems are inappropriate for expression during voir dire questioning. However, a clenched fist tucked in the crook of the elbow is not so obvious, yet can still be emblematic of the juror's true hostile feelings.
Shrugging the shoulders while answering a question can indicate a lack of confidence arising from anxiety (as a result of deception), embarrassment, or uncertainty. Shrugs can be the juror's way of qualifying an answer. Potential jurors who shrug when answering a question about the defendant's presumed innocence or awards for pain and suffering are telling lawyers that they are not sure or do not agree with what the lawyers are saying. This information is important to know in evaluating the desirability of these jurors.
A shrug may indicate the juror's lack of commitment to what is being said. Under these circumstances, potential jurors are telling lawyers that while they may verbally agree, this agreement may have no impact on their decisions. Finally, shrugs can also indicate indifference about an issue, as in the case of a juror who shrugs when noting that police may sometimes go too far in subduing potential lawbreakers.
Eye Contact
The willingness or ability of potential jurors to make and maintain eye contact during questioning can be a measure of the anxiety they feel. If there is anxiety or tension in the interaction between the lawyer and potential jurors, this tension will build up over time. As the tension rises, potential jurors will respond by breaking eye contact (through either averting their eyes or blinking). When eye contact is broken, the tension level temporarily decreases, and the jurors can then resume eye contact with the lawyer. If anxiety is not present, potential jurors can maintain a moderate to high level of eye contact with the lawyer or party in the interaction. The same is true when the potential juror has positive feelings toward the lawyer or party, or is interested in what the lawyer has to say. However, when the potential juror is anxious (possibly as a result of being deceptive), breaks in the normal pattern of eye contact can occur, with potential jurors averting their eyes at critical times or blinking more often.
Knowing the relationship between eye contact and anxiety allows lawyers to consider several useful questions. Do potential jurors maintain eye contact with the lawyer or party when they give their answers, or do they avert their eyes at critical times? For example, when potential jurors are asked how they feel about rendering a million-dollar judgment against the defendant, do they say "I wouldn't have any reservations about rendering a million-dollar verdict [averting eyes] against the defendant [reestablishing eye contact]"? Or, in the case of a criminal defendant possibly not taking the stand to testify, do jurors say "I would not hold it against the defendant [averting eyes] if he chose not to testify [reestablishing eye contact] in his own defense"? Averting the eyes at the last part of the answer reveals the juror's anxiety. Do potential jurors increase their blinking in response to questions concerning certain opinions or when a particular lawyer asks the questions? Are potential jurors able to maintain eye contact throughout the questioning process? A potential juror's failure to maintain eye contact could mean that the juror would not be a desirable choice for the examiner.
Three exceptions to the relationship between eye contact and anxiety should be kept in mind. First, although steady eye contact is usually an indication of juror ease or interest, an increase in eye contact can reflect hostility. This phenomenon is captured by the expression "know your enemy" (e.g., "I don't like you, and I am keeping my eye on you"). Second, an increase in eye contact has also been associated with attempts to deceive or hide one's true feelings.10 As such, when jurors choose to lie or mislead and believe that a steady gaze would make them appear more truthful, they may increase their eye contact. Third, cultures differ in their view of the appropriate levels of eye contact. For example, potential jurors of Hispanic and Asian backgrounds may exhibit lower levels of eye contact, which simply reflects their cultures' views. These exceptions highlight the need to consider all nonverbal and verbal cues together in order to evaluate potential jurors' feelings and opinions.
Facial Expressions
Probably the cue that people rely upon most in their interactions with others is facial expressions. Frowning, smiling, looks of concern, or skeptical or incredulous expressions can reveal feelings about a situation or a person. The problem with facial expressions is that over the course of socialization, people learn to control their facial expressions more than other aspects of nonverbal communication. Potential jurors may smile or exhibit signs of interest even when their feelings are inconsistent with these expressions. However, unless a potential juror is particularly adept at controlling or manipulating nonverbal communication, inconsistencies between feelings and outward appearances will leak out. Leakage occurs in two areas: aspects of the facial expressions themselves and inconsistencies with other body cues.
The facial expressions of a potential juror can betray underlying "hidden" feelings in several ways. One way potential jurors can betray their true feelings is through the quality of the facial expression itself. While there are no hard-and-fast rules for lie detection, a fixed smile, one that lasts longer than is appropriate for the situation, can reveal deception or masking. Jurors often use smiles to mask other feelings. The fixed smile appears to linger, where the genuine smile naturally disappears as the situation or feeling changes. This fixed smile can reveal the degree of control the juror is exercising, with the "controlled" face giving the appearance of unemotionality or composure when the juror should be reacting to the situation. For example, when a lawyer inadvertently embarrasses a hostile juror, the juror may adopt a fixed smile to cover his or her hostile reaction to the lawyer.
In addition, a nongenuine facial expression is often asymmetric, not involving the whole face, as a genuine expression normally does. The "crooked smile" is such an expression. In a crooked smile, the lips turn up in a smile on one side while the lips on the other side remain horizontal or turn slightly down, in a frown or grimace.
Finally, leakage occurs through the jurors' other nonverbal body cues. This leakage occurs when a facial expression communicates some desired effect, but the body cues send a conflicting message. For example, potential jurors may verbally express a willingness to treat a party fairly, and the facial expression may appear neutral or positive. However, the body cues may reflect resistance or anxiety, with crossed arms and a closed orientation. As will be discussed later, the degree of consistency of nonverbal cues is a major factor in uncovering a juror's true feelings.
One type of potential juror highlights the discussion of facial expressions. The "smiling" juror wears a smile during the voir dire questioning by the lawyer, giving the impression that the juror is receptive to or feels positive toward the lawyer or party. However, this juror is actually hostile or in some other way unfavorable. Once selected, this juror smiles at the lawyer during the trial, continuing to foster the impression that the juror is favorable. When the jury returns a verdict against the client, the smiling juror continues to smile (and only later is revealed as having opposed the client's case).
The key to detecting the smiling juror lies in examining the consistency of his or her nonverbal cues. Are there wrinkles or crow's-feet at the outside corners of the juror's eyes that should accompany genuine smiling? Is there a softness to the eyes that is associated with positive feeling, or are the eyes hard, as would be consistent with the expression "eyes that looked daggers"? Is the smile asymmetrical (e.g., one side of the smile lifts up while the other side of the smile stays relatively flat or points downward)?11 Is the smile consistent with other nonverbal cues such as body orientation and posture? Always beware of the potential juror who smiles but angles his or her body away and maintains a rigid posture!
A special class of facial expressions is what are termed "microexpressions."12 Microexpressions are very short or fleeting expressions, measured in terms of milliseconds. Microexpressions reflect universal emotions, including sadness, happiness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, and surprise.13 Microexpressions are inconsistent with the dominant expression and reflect the suppression of this expression by the individual. For example, when the facial expression of someone who is not happy, but is smiling, is filmed in slow motion, microexpressions may show a sad or angry expression, belying the dominant smiling expression. While microexpressions are hard to detect because of their fleeting nature, it has been proposed that training can increase someone's ability to detect such expressions.14 Microexpressions may influence us on a subconscious level as well and may be an important source of lawyers' "gut" feelings about jurors, where lawyers have a positive or negative reaction to a juror yet cannot give an objective reason for that feeling.15
1. See Dale W. Broeder, Voir Dire Examinations: An Empirical Study, 38 S. CAL. L. REV. 503 (1965); George E. Mize, On Better Jury Selection: Spotting Unfavorable Jurors Before They Enter the Jury Room, 36 CT. REV. 10 (1999); George E. Mize, Be Cautious of the Quiet Ones, 10 VOIR DIRE 8 (2003); Richard Seltzer, Mark Venuti, & Grace M. Lopes, Juror Honesty During the Voir Dire, 19 J. CRIM. JUST. 451 (1991); Neil Vidmar, Case Studies of Pre- and Midtrial Prejudice in Criminal and Civil Litigation, 26 LAW & HUM. BEHAV. 73 (2002). See Chapter 6 for a discussion of the "stealth" juror, a juror who withholds information or is deceitful during jury selection in an attempt to be seated on the jury.
2. See studies cited in n.27 of Judge's Nonverbal Behavior in Jury Trials: A Threat to Judicial Impartiality, 61 VA. L. REV 1266 (1975).
3. For reviews of the area of verbal and nonverbal communication, see JEFFREY FREDERICK, THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN JURY (1987); Paul Ekman, Lie Catching and Microexpressions, in THE PHILOSOPHY OF DECEPTION (Clancy Martin, ed. 2009); PAUL EKMAN, TELLING LIES: CLUES TO DECEIT IN THE MARKETPLACE, MARRIAGE, AND POLITICS (3d ed. 2001); M. Zuckerman, B. M. DePaulo, & R. Rosenthal, Verbal and Nonverbal Communication of Deception, in 14 ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 1–60 (L. Berkowitz ed., 1982); ALBERT MEHRABIAN, NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION (1972). For its relation to trial practice in general, see ROBERTO ARON, JULIUS FAST, & RICHARD B. KLEIN, TRIAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS (1991); as it relates to jury selection, see JO-ELLAN DIMITRIUS & MARK C. MAZZARELLA, READING PEOPLE: HOW TO UNDERSTAND PEOPLE AND PREDICT THEIR BEHAVIOR—ANYTIME, ANYPLACE (1999); Jeffrey Frederick, Jury Behavior: A Psychologist Examines Jury Selection, 5 OHIO N.U. L. REV. 571 (1978); Jeffrey Frederick, Jurors' Verbal and Nonverbal Communication: What Attorneys Should Look for During Jury Selection, 39 VA. LAW. 24 (1990); David Suggs & Bruce D. Sales, Using Communication Cues to Evaluate Prospective Jurors During Voir Dire, 20 ARIZ. L. REV. 629 (1978); and judge's behavior, see id.
4. See, e.g., Zuckerman et al., supra note 3.
5. It is important to recognize that as a rule, humans are notoriously bad at detecting lies, with most people operating no better than chance, including those in law enforcement, the judiciary, and other professions, with very few individuals being able to detect deception at rates of 80 percent or greater. Ekman and his colleagues have labeled people who are able to do so "wizards" of detection. See Gary D. Bond, Deception Detection Expertise, 32 Law & Hum. Behav. 339 (2008). This chapter will not make you wizards, but it is designed to increase your sensitivity to nonverbal communication.
6. See John E. Hocking & Dale G. Leathers, Nonverbal Indicators of Deception: A New Theoretical Perspective, 47 COMMUNICATION MONOGRAPHS 119 (1980).
7. For a related discussion, see Aron et al., supra note 3.
8. For additional discussions of mirroring, see Jury Work: Systematic Techniques (National Jury Project 2009), and ARON ET AL., supra note 3. While mirroring has been suggested as a technique that can be adopted by lawyers to enhance rapport and persuasion, a recent study found that mimicry or mirroring does not appear to enhance the ability of individuals to detect the emotional state or truthfulness in others. In fact, those mimicking others did worse than nonmimicking observers in these areas. See Mariëlle Stel, Eric van Dijk, & Einav Olivier, You Want to Know the Truth? Then Don't Mimic!, 20 PSYCHOL. SCI. 693 (2009).
9. For a further discussion, see Ekman, supra note 3.
10. Samantha Mann, Aldert Vrij, & Ray Bull, Suspects, Lies, and Videotape: An Analysis of Authentic High-Stake Liars, 26 LAW & HUM. BEHAV. 365 (2002).
11. Researchers have found that even genuine positive or "Duchenne" smiles, often assumed to be spontaneous and not under conscious control, can appear under deliberate attempts to feign genuine positive emotion, indicating a need to take a multiple cue, dynamic context approach (viewing ongoing segments of behavior) to evaluating emotions. See Eva G. Krumhuber & Anthony S. R. Manstead, Can Duchenne Smiles Be Feigned? New Evidence on Felt and False Smiles, 9 EMOTION 807 (2009).
12. See Ernest A. Haggard & Kenneth S. Isaacs, Micromomentary Facial Expressions as Indicators of Ego Mechanisms in Psychotherapy, in METHODS OF RESEARCH IN PSYCHOTHERAPY (Louis A. Gottschalk & Arthur H. Auerback eds., 1966). See also Aron et al., supra note 3.
13. Paul Ekman, Basic Emotions, in HANDBOOK OF COGNITION AND EMOTION 45–60 (Tim Dalgleish & Mick Power eds., 1999).
14. See Sharon Weinberger, Airport Security: Intent to Deceive? Can the Science of Detection Deception Help to Catch Terrorists?, available at http://www.nature.com/news/2010/100526/full/465412a.html. The Fox Broadcasting Company has a television series concerning lie detection, Lie to Me, which is based on the work of Paul Ekman. Training in this area is offered by Ekman and his associates, some of which is available of the Internet (http://www.paulekman.com).
15. A note of caution is needed when considering "gut" reactions. It is always important to ask yourself, "Why am I reacting to the potential juror in this manner?" and "What is it about this potential juror that is either good or bad for my client?" Focusing on the answers to these questions helps separate a truly insightful gut reaction from the more generic positive or negative feelings toward a potential juror. The latter reaction may reflect more on one's personal likes and dislikes rather than on whether the potential juror holds opinions and values that are beneficial or detrimental to the client.


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The best evaluation of the Bush administration in 2007 came from Kevin Conrad at the Bali Conference on global warming when he said to the United States: "We seek your leadership. But, if for some reason, you are not willing to lead, leave it to the rest of us.Please get out of our way." Upon his assumption to the presidency in 2001, Bush led the world's super power, today, after seven years of ineptitude and confusion, that world is over and has been replaced by one in which China, Russia, India, and the European Union now share joint planet leadership. In 2001, an American tourist could get a decent return when exchanging his dollar bill for a Euro, today, it is worth about 60% of the Euro. The steady decline of America continues as Bush rides into the sunset of retirement.
A humbled Russia was unable in 2001 to use its political or economic power on the world arena, today, the arrogant, sneering voice of Vladmir Putin lectures America on what it can or can not do. The Iraq debacle has damaged the reputation and the economic power of the United States. Once upon a time, most people in Turkey respected the United States, today, that support has sunk to about 9% favorable rating. Afghanistan has been allowed to stumble from a golden opportunity to achieve peace and security to a nation at odds with itself and confused about future directions. Bill Clinton left Bush an opportunity to pick up on his efforts to resolve the Israel-Palestinian conflict but the Republican president declined the offer to allow anything initiated by a Democrat to move toward success.
How stands America as the new year begins? Pakistan is a basket case. Iraq is torn by religious division. The housing market has bottomed out in America, the Republican Party has seven dwarfs seeking its nomination, Dick Cheney is sitting in a dark room mumbling and planning some military attack on Iran to end WMD once again that do not exist, and global warming proceeds without an effective program from the United States– its major factor. Bush is simply lost and confused. The latest manifestation is his veto of a defense bill that his own party supported because, at the last moment, his incompetent staff noticed a proviso that allowed victims of the Saddam Hussein brutality to sue for compensation. Sorry, this is Bush time, and when anything threatens banks,(the Iraq government threatened to withdraw its money from US banks) he will step up to the plate to defend them. Mr. Bush never met a tax deficit he could not embrace.
The war in Iraq continues. It will go on and on throughout this year. The prospect for an Israel-Palestine pace agreement is tenuous until the United States exerts pressure on Israel to end its West Bank settlements and get Hamas involved in negotiations. America's infrastructure needs a few hundred billion in repairs. There is need to finally confront issues of oil dependency and get away from the disastrous use of corn to make fuel. America is at a crossroads and which road it selects is uncertain. The only certainty is that an incoming president will have to make wise decisions that take into account decades rather than months and years.
We now have five superpowers. America must learn to live with that reality.

subset: commoncrawl


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Discussion in 'March 2011' started by roscoe36, Oct 19, 2010.
IMHO there have been too many exits this season..
Stuckey thinks he is the starting PG. Rodney Stuckey assists Pistons off the bench in victory over Raptors | detnews.com | The Detroit News
Agree. I like most of the lineups since the shoot-around debacle. There are too many players with similar skill levels playing the same positions. Some nights some of them just need to sit.
I like the rotation too. And you are right about the minutes between TMac & Stuckey at the PG position. I think Q should give Stuck more minutes at the point if Stuck is playing the position like he played today. His passing today was smooth. No 'forcing the issue' and 'i'm in the air and i gotta get rid of the ball because i'll get block if i shoot it' kinda of passes. In addition, it seems like TMac has heavy legs in the 2nd half. If I'm not mistaken, he did not score at all in the 2nd half, not from jumpers anyways. BG should be getting at least 20 minutes a game if he is shooting well like he did today. With Big Ben back, DEFENSE seems to look better than the previous 3 losses.
\Definitely a well rested Ben starting in the middle helped in that first quarter. If this line up works, then the only thing Q can be faulted on is why it took so long to find it?
I wouldn't judge this lineup's effectiveness as a whole based on a win over the Raptors.
yeah, pistons still alllowed raps to shoot over 50% and raps do not play D.
We do? They are both terrible defensive players.
And I wholeheartedly disagree with you guys on the playing rotation. We should not be starting 4 veterans (whose average age exceeds 33) at the end of the season a lottery bound team. I don't care if they happened to be effective against an even worse Toronto team. How does this make us a better team going forward? Stuckey, Daye and Monroe should all be getting well over 30 minutes a night. Even last night, Stuckey only played 27 minutes, arguably playing his best game ever. You can tell he's definitely frustrated with his role right now and he's out to prove a point. He's playing with a chip on his shoulder.
I agree. Last night was just another example of how this organization has no set goals or direction. Yes, the ownership situation probably plays a crucial role in this disorganization, but where does Joe see us in 10 years? 5 years? How about 1 year? Most other rebuilding teams have at leas a direction - albeit a bad one in some cases. We don't. At least in my eyes. Are we a defensive team? Not by the signing of BG and CV last year. Are we a run and gun team? Not by the continued starting line-up of Tay, Ben, and Rip. Are we a homegrown let the guys get better together a la OKC team? No for obvious reasons. Are we a rebuild on the fly with mediocre veterans in order to maintain a status quo that puts marginal number of people in the Palace seas? I guess this is the closest to reality.
They just need to practice harder. Coach Kuester is a stickler for practice.
Actually, it seems that all they need to do to start again is complain about their playing time to the media. T-Mac did it, a day later, back in the starting lineup. Ben questioned why he wasn't playing, the next game, back in the starting lineup.
Stuckey has been complaining. Have you seen his quotes lately?
I agree. If he wants to start he should organize a practice on his own for the team. Be a leader.
Separate names with a comma.


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More detailed video - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBBIuEQv2C8
How to install
- Download skin.alaska.revisited-3.0.3.zip
- In XBMC browse to Add-ons > Install from ZIP file > Navigate to where you saved skin.alaska.revisited-3.0.3.zip and Install
Combined Banner, Landscape and Poster support -
- Have the scraper set to download Posters.
- Download the Banner and Landscape images from TVdb and save them to each TV Show folder naming them banner.jpg and landscape.jpg respectively. I recommend resizing the landscape images to 408x230 to prevent slowdown. (Note: This can now be done automatically from Alaska's setting [Scripts/Extras])
- If you need to change any of the images for whatever reason you'll need to delete userdata/Database/textures.db to force XBMC to re-cache them.
- Alaska Revisited (XBMC) How to enable Submenu buttons
SVN not always up-to-date and for development purposes only - so unless you're modding the skin DO NOT USE
- Alaska Revisited (XBMC) How to enable Submenu buttons


text:
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text:
All quotes tagged Plant
(1113 quotes found)
"Like a plant that starts up in showers and sunshine and does not know which has best helped it to grow, it is difficult to say whether the hard things or the pleasant things did me the most good."
"I saw a product on late night tv. It said, you can water your hard-to-reach plants with this product. Who the fuck would make their plants hard to reach?! I know you need water, but I'm gonna make you hard to reach. I will throw water at you. Hopefully they invent a product before you shrivel and die. And they said, you can have this product for four easy payments of $19.95. I would like to see a product that was available for three easy payments, and one fuckin' complicated payment. We ain't gonna tell you which one it is, but one of these payments is gonna be a bitch: the mailman will get shot to death, the envelope will not seal, and the stamps will be in the wrong denomination...Good luck f*cker! The last payment must be made in wompum!"
"If you are planning for a year, sow rice; if you are planning for a decade, plant trees; if you are planning for a lifetime, educate people"


text:
Posted: Oct 02, 2016 11:14 PM PDT
Updated: Nov 17, 2016 01:43 PM PST
2008: President George W. Bush signs the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 into law within hours of its congressional enactment. The law, enacted in response to the subprime mortgage crisis, created the $700 billion Troubled Asset Relief Program to purchase failing bank assets, especially mortgage-backed securities, and supply cash directly to banks. [ + - ]
2004: Actress Janet Leigh, best known for her role as Marion Crane in "Psycho" as well as for her roles in other films such as "The Manchurian Candidate," "Safari," "Touch of Evil" and "Bye Bye Birdie," dies after suffering a heart attack at age 77 in Los Angeles. [ + - ]
2003: During a show at The Mirage in Las Vegas, Roy Horn of Siegfried & Roy is bitten on the neck by a 7-year-old male tiger named Montecore. Horn suffered severe blood loss and would remain in critical condition for several weeks thereafter. The attack would prompt The Mirage to close the show and Montecore was put into quarantine for 10 days in order to ensure he was not rabid, and was then returned to his habitat at The Mirage. In February 2009, the Siegfried & Roy staged a final appearance with Montecore during a benefit performance. The pair officially retired from show business in April 2010. [ + - ]
2000: Mark David Chapman is denied parole by the New York State Board of Parole. In 1981, Chapman received a sentence of 20 years to life in prison for the Dec. 8, 1980, murder of John Lennon. Since this first hearing, he has been entitled to a parole hearing once every two years. He has been denied parole eight times by a three-member board since then, most recently in August 2014. He's seen here in a 2011 mugshot. [ + - ]
1998: Actor Roddy McDowall, best known for his roles as Cornelius and Caesar in the "Planet of the Apes" film series and as a child actor in movies such as "How Green Was My Valley," "My Friend Flicka" and "Lassie Come Home," dies of lung cancer at the age of 70 in Los Angeles. [ + - ]
1997: Former NHL great Gordie Howe, 69, makes a return to the ice, playing one shift for the International Hockey League's Detroit Vipers. In doing so, he became the only player in hockey history to compete in six different decades at the professional level, having played in the NHL, WHA and IHL from the 1940s to 1990s. [ + - ]
1995: O.J. Simpson is acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman. The jury had actually arrived at the verdict the previous afternoon, after only four hours of deliberation following an eight-month trial, but Judge Lance Ito postponed the announcement until the following morning. [ + - ]
1993: A U.S. Army mission to seize two high-echelon lieutenants of warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid's organization in Mogadishu, Somalia, goes wrong when Somali militia and armed civilian fighters down two MH-60 Black Hawk helicopters (similar to the one pictured) over the city. The subsequent rescue operation to secure and recover the crews of both helicopters turned into an overnight standoff in the city. The heavy fighting, which would later become known as the Battle of Mogadishu and be portrayed in the film "Black Hawk Down," would leave 18 American soldiers dead and as many as 1,000 Somalis dead. [ + - ]
1990: The German Democratic Republic (East Germany) ceases to exist and its territory becomes part of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). East and West Berlin are also reunited into one city. The day is now celebrated as German Unity Day. [ + - ]
1988: The space shuttle Discovery lands safely at Edwards Air Force Base to conclude a four-day mission. It was the first shuttle mission since the Challenger disaster in January 1986. [ + - ]
1985: The space shuttle Atlantis makes its maiden flight, carrying a payload for the U.S. Department of Defense. [ + - ]
1984: Singer Ashlee Simpson, the younger sister of Jessica Simpson who rose to prominence in 2004 with the success of her No. 1 debut album "Autobiography," is born in Waco, Texas. [ + - ]
1976: Future Hall of Famer Hank Aaron singles in his last career at-bat for the Milwaukee Brewers and drives in his 2,297th run, an MLB record that stands to this day. Aaron retired with a career .305 average, 755 home runs and 3,771 hits. His career home run record would stand until 2007. [ + - ]
1976: Actor Seann William Scott, best known for movies such as "American Pie," "Role Models" and "Dude, Where's My Car?," is born in Cottage Grove, Minnesota. [ + - ]
1974: The Cleveland Indians name designated hitter Frank Robinson as player-manager, making him the first black manager in the major leagues. The future Hall of Famer would go on to also manage the San Francisco Giants (where he was the first black manager in the National League), the Baltimore Orioles and the Montreal Expos/Washington Nationals. [ + - ]
1973: Actress Neve Campbell, best known as Sidney Prescott in the "Scream" horror movie franchise and as Julia Salinger in the television series "Party of Five," is born in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. [ + - ]
1973: Actress Lena Headey, best known for portraying Cersei Lannister in the HBO series "Game of Thrones," is born in Hamilton, Bermuda. Headey also is known for her roles in movies such as "The Brothers Grimm" and "300," and for the title role Sarah Connor on the TV series "Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles." [ + - ]
1969: Singer-songwriter Gwen Stefani, best known as the lead singer of rock band No Doubt and for her solo work, is born in Fullerton, California. [ + - ]
1967: Singer-songwriter and folk musician Woody Guthrie, whose best known song is "This Land is Your Land," dies from complications of Huntington's disease, a progressive genetic neurological disorder, at the age of 55. Such songwriters as Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, John Mellencamp, Pete Seeger and Joe Strummer have acknowledged Guthrie as a major influence. [ + - ]
1964: Actor Clive Owen, best known for movies such as "Closer," "Sin City" and "Children of Men," is born in Coventry, West Midlands, England. Owen won a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in 2004's "Closer." [ + - ]
1962: Musician Tommy Lee, best known as the drummer for the hard rock band Mötley Crüe, is born in Athens, Greece. [ + - ]
1962: The Sigma 7 spacecraft is launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, with astronaut Wally Schirra aboard, for a six-orbit, nine-hour flight as part of NASA's Mercury program. The mission, America's fifth manned space mission, set a new record for the longest U.S. manned orbital flight, although it was well behind the several-day record set by the Soviet Vostok 3 earlier in the year. [ + - ]
1961: "The Dick Van Dyke Show," a sitcom starring Dick Van Dyke and Mary Tyler Moore, makes its television debut. The show, which showed the work and home life of Dyke's Rob Petrie, the head writer of a comedy/variety show, would run for five seasons, winning 15 Emmys over that time. [ + - ]
1960: "The Andy Griffith Show," starring Andy Griffith as the widowed sheriff of the fictional small community of Mayberry, North Carolina, premieres. The sitcom, which also featured Don Knotts as the inept, but well-meaning deputy Barney Fife, Frances Bavier as Aunt Bee and Ron Howard as Andy's son Opie, would run for eight seasons and become one of the most acclaimed TV series of all time. [ + - ]
1959: Golfer Fred Couples, a former world No. 1 who won the 1992 Masters Tournament and has been inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame, is born in Seattle, Washington. [ + - ]
1957: California State Superior Court Judge Clayton W. Horn dismisses a pornography charge brought against the publisher of Allen Ginsberg's poetry collection "Howl and Other Poems." In his decision, Horn declared the poem "Howl," which contains many references to illicit drugs and sexual practices, was not obscene because it carried "redeeming social importance," thus setting an important legal precedent regarding First Amendment issues. [ + - ]
1955: The children's television series "Captain Kangaroo," starring Bob Keeshan as the title character, premieres. The show would air weekday mornings for nearly 30 years before ending on Dec. 8, 1984. [ + - ]
1955: The variety TV show "The Mickey Mouse Club" debuts. The series, created by Walt Disney and featuring a cast of child performers known as the "mousketeers," would be revived, reformatted and reimagined after its initial run from 1955 to 1959, first in 1977 for syndication, and again, from 1989 to 1995 on the Disney Channel. [ + - ]
1954: The TV sitcom "Father Knows Best," starring Robert Young and Jane Wyatt, makes its debut. The show would last for six seasons before ending on May 23, 1960. [ + - ]
1954: Hall of Fame baseball pitcher Dennis Eckersley, who became the first of only two pitchers in major-league history to have both a 20-win season and a 50-save season in a career, is born in Oakland, California. Eckersley saved 390 games in his career, won the American League's Cy Young Award and MVP in 1992, and helped the Oakland Athletics to a World Series championship in 1989. [ + - ]
1954: The Rev. Al Sharpton, an American Baptist minister, civil rights activist and television/radio talk show host, is born in Brooklyn, New York. [ + - ]
1954: Blues guitarist Stevie Ray Vaughan, who would help ignite the blues revival of the 1980s with his band Double Trouble before dying in a 1990 helicopter crash, is born in Dallas, Texas. [ + - ]
1952: The United Kingdom tests an atomic bomb dubbed "Hurricane" in the lagoon between the Montebello Islands, Western Australia, becoming the third country in the world to test such a weapon. To test the effects of a ship-smuggled bomb, Hurricane was exploded inside the hull of the HMS Plym, 1,450-ton frigate anchored in 40 feet of water about 400 yards off shore. The explosion, 9 feet below the water line, left a saucer-shaped crater on the seabed 20-feet deep and 1,000-feet across. [ + - ]
1951: Bobby Thomson of the New York Giants hits a game-winning three-run home run in the bottom of the ninth inning off Brooklyn Dodgers pitcher Ralph Branca to give the Giants the National League pennant after being down more than 13 games in the standings in mid-August. The home run would come to be known as the "Shot Heard 'Round the World." The moment was immortalized by Giants play-by-play announcer Russ Hodges' excited multiple repetitions: "The Giants win the pennant! The Giants win the pennant!" [ + - ]
1951: Hall of Fame baseball player Dave Winfield, who had 3,110 hits and 465 home runs over his 22-year career and won a World Series title with the Toronto Blue Jays in 1992, is born in St. Paul, Minnesota. [ + - ]
1949: Singer-songwriter and guitarist Lindsey Buckingham, best known as a member of the band Fleetwood Mac, is born in Palo Alto, California. [ + - ]
1944: Roy Horn (left), known for his long-running Las Vegas magic show with Siegfried Fischbacher (right) involving white tigers and lions, is born in Nordenham, Lower Saxony, Germany. [ + - ]
1942: The first man-made object reaches space with the successful launch of a V-2/A4-rocket from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde, Germany. [ + - ]
1941: Singer-songwriter Chubby Checker, best known for his cover of "The Twist" and the ensuing dance craze in the 1960s, is born under the birth name Ernest Evans in Spring Gulley, South Carolina. [ + - ]
1938: Rockabilly singer and guitarist Eddie Cochran, the rock 'n' roll pioneer whose hit songs included "Summertime Blues," "C'mon Everybody" and "Somethin' Else," is born in Albert Lea, Minnesota. He died on April 17, 1960, at age 21 of severe head injuries in Bath, Somerset, England, the day after being in a road accident in which he was thrown from a taxi. [ + - ]
1936: John Heisman, the college football coach and innovator whom the Heisman Trophy is named after, dies of pneumonia at age 66 in New York City. Heisman had coached college football for 36 years before leaving coaching to become director of the Downtown Athletic Club of New York City in 1927. Beginning in 1935, the club has annually awarded a trophy, known since 1936 as the Heisman Trophy, to the top college football player. Heisman was posthumously inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954. [ + - ]
1932: Iraq is admitted into the League of Nations, leading Britain to terminate its mandate over the nation. Britain had ruled Iraq since taking it from Turkey during World War I. Despite granting Iraq its independence, the British retained military bases and transit rights for their forces. [ + - ]
1925: Author and political activist Gore Vidal ("Lincoln," "The City and the Pillar," "Myra Breckenridge") is born in West Point, New York. He died of complications from pneumonia at age 86 on July 31, 2012. [ + - ]
1922: Rebecca L. Felton becomes the first female to hold the office of U.S. senator, after being appointed by Georgia Gov. Thomas W. Hardwick to fill a vacancy created by the death of Sen. Thomas E. Watson. Despite former Georgia Supreme Court Justice Walter F. George winning the seat in a special election, George allowed Felton to be sworn in on Nov. 21, 1922, and serve one day before he officially took office, making her the shortest serving senator in U.S. history. At 87 years old, 9 months and 22 days, she was also the oldest freshman senator to enter the Senate. [ + - ]
1920: The NFL (then the American Pro Football Association) plays its first games between members of the league. The inaugural season of the APFA actually kicked off Sept. 26, 1920, with APFA member Rock Island Independents defeating a team from outside the league, the St. Paul Ideals, 48-0. The following week featured seven games, including the first two matchups of APFA members. The Dayton Triangles defeated the Columbus Panhandles and the Rock Island Independents defeated the Muncie Flyers. [ + - ]
1919: Cincinnati Reds pitcher and Havana, Cuba, native Adolfo Luque becomes the first Latin player to appear in a World Series. [ + - ]
1913: President Woodrow Wilson signs the Revenue Act of 1913 into law, establishing the federal income tax. The incomes of couples exceeding $4,000, as well as those of single persons earning $3,000 or more, were subject to a 1 percent federal tax. [ + - ]
1900: Author Thomas Wolfe, one of the most important writers in modern American literature, is born in Asheville, North Carolina. He is best known for the novels "Look Homeward, Angel," "You Can't Go Home Again" and "The Party at Jack's," and was counted as an influence on writers such as Jack Kerouac, Ray Bradbury and Philip Roth. Wolfe died of miliary tuberculosis of the brain at age 37 on Sept. 15, 1938. [ + - ]
1867: Elias Howe, the American inventor who invented a commercially successful sewing machine, dies at age 48 in Brooklyn, New York. [ + - ]
1863: The last Thursday in November is declared as Thanksgiving Day by President Abraham Lincoln. The fourth Thursday of November remained the annual day of Thanksgiving from 1863 until 1939. [ + - ]
1849: Edgar Allan Poe is found delirious in a gutter in Baltimore, Maryland, under mysterious circumstances. It was the last time he was seen in public before his Oct. 7 death. [ + - ]
1789: President George Washington proclaims the first nation-wide Thanksgiving celebration in America, marking Nov. 26, 1789, "as a day of public thanksgiving and prayer to be observed by acknowledging with grateful hearts the many and signal favours of Almighty God." [ + - ]
1656: Myles Standish, an English military officer hired by the Pilgrims as military advisor for Plymouth Colony, dies at the age of 72 in Duxbury, Massachusetts. One of the passengers on the Mayflower, Standish was elected the first commander of the Plymouth Colony militia in 1621 and continued to be re-elected to the position for the rest of his life. He also served as an agent of the colony in England and as an assistant governor and treasurer for the colony during his life. [ + - ]
1226: Francis of Assisi, the Italian Catholic friar and preacher who would be canonized as a saint in 1228, dies between the age of 43 and 45 in Assisi, Marche, Papal States. He is particularly known for founding the Franciscan Order and for setting up the first known Christmas nativity scene. [ + - ]


text:
Hey all,
Ok, so my girlfriend and I are extremely interested in going abroad to teach in a few months, around September. We're both very flexible with geography, but we'd like to make as much money as possible to pay off student loans. We're also fairly broke, and don't have any kind of TEFL certification. I know that it's possible to teach without anything official, but I would like the security of knowing what I'm getting into with an organization I can trust, and that most likely means certification (not to mention the resume boost it would give). To give you an idea of my financial situation, I'm living close to paycheck-to-paycheck, and am considering a loan to pay for a plane ticket if my parents can't front the money. I would just need to know that I'd be able to save enough to pay it back reasonably fast and then some.
The thing is, we found an excellent program in Taiwan that our friends are in currently, and they're able to save ~$800USD a month. The program gives you on-the-job TEFL certification 10-days before you start the job, and pays for a hotel in the meantime. It also sounds like they have a wonderful network in place to find long-term housing/roommates. AND, they specifically have a box to check on the application if you're planning on going with someone, and from our friends' anecdote they can attest that the program is good about keeping couples together. AND, they offer a small but interest free loan for startup costs in the country.
This seems like a very unique opportunity! However, I personally am not sold on it yet. I like the idea of Asia, but I would really want to immerse myself in the culture of whatever place we end up in, and I'm just not sure I would be able to learn Mandarin Chinese, as I've never taken any lessons before. I would feel much better about learning almost any other language but Mandarin is supposed to be insanely hard. That being said, we might just go with it because of all the other perks, but I want to know what's out there first.
Do you folks know of any similarly-situated programs? Really, anywhere in the world as long as she and I can at least work in the same city and live together. But I'd like to know that I would be able to save at least some money over the course of 12 months after the cost of a plane ticket (and possibly certification if it's not covered by the program) have been figured in. Oh and 12-hour long, 6-day-a-week work days are a turn off.
This may or may not help but I'm close to fluent in Spanish and would love a job in a spanish speaking country if it paid, and my girlfriend is proficient in Thai. I also love the Japanese language. And South Korea is appealing because it seems super lucrative and interesting and they've got a lot of English speakers, but we're afraid of long work hours and a possibly prohibitive startup cost.
Thank you for any and all help!!


text:
Editor's note: This post originally was published July 16, 2012.
At Children's Minnesota, we're seeing a growing number of overweight and obese children. To address this new reality, we're closely examining how we treat kids with weight problems. In a report we released today, we explore how Minnesota kids are faring in the battle against obesity. The earlier we tackle this problem, the better.


text:
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People are catching stripers right now, that's documented. Also documented is what anglers out almost every day are seeing–and not seeing.
Here's a post from the Chesapeake Bay Foundation about how oxygen depletion is affecting striped bass.
Here's another from Reel-Time where Capt. John McMurray details who's really killing all the bass.
Here's a follow up from McMurray on why we should eat bluefish not bass.
Here's a post about how recreational anglers have lost the high ground.
There's a 1@32pledge going around.
But maybe, for now, let 'em all go.


text:
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Joined: 14 Apr 2011
Posts: 6049
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 4:28 pm
Post subject: 2013 NFL Draft-Mock drafts only
It's never to early to start talking draft, with the guys we will probably lose this off-season to free agency, we need a solid draft. Getting a 3rd and 5th/6th in comp picks will help that alot. I'm just glad they don't base comp picks on production cause then Mario would be screwing us.
(In no specific order)
RB- I could see us using a 3rd or 4th on a RB so to prepare for the departure of Tate, whenever that happens. I know this system in Denver just plugged in UDFA's and lower round talent, but look at what you get when you draft a guy with solid talent and put him in the system, you get Tate.
WR- I'm up in then air on this one, I only think we go WR if its a BPA pick. I believe will see what we have in Posey, Jean and Martin.
TE- I think we use a late round pick on a TE
OL- The jury is still very out on Newton but I think we use a decently high pick on a RT. Also I think we may go after another C/G cause Smith isn't what you'd call young.
DL- DE is fine especially since signing Jamison and having Crick and Watt, but I highly doubt we bring back Cody especially at 3 mil for a position that plays around 20 snaps a game.
OLB - Depending on Connor this could be another need for the 3rd straight draft.
MLB - I believe this is one of our biggest needs so I think we get a guy in the middle rounds especially is Sharpton can recover from his injury.
CB - I think we grab a guy and maybe even in the 1st round like a Jonathon Banks from Miss St. We need talent at this position cause behind JJoe and to a certain extent KJax we seem to not have much and a former 2nd round pick in Harris can't even sniff the field that doesn't bode well.
S- This is a great draft for safeties and I think we could grab one early with the almost certain departure of Glover in free agency which leave us with Manning, Demps, Keo and Pleasent. And with us using 3 safeties regularly we need another good one, because I do not want Keo on the field other than on ST.
^CalhounLambeau on the sick sig^
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Joined: 11 Feb 2008
Posts: 3041
Location: Pearland, Texas
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 6:08 pm
Post subject:
I always like talking draft, it gives you hope for the future. I'll address the same order you did.
RB, I don't see this as a need. If Rick Smith is smart he trades Tate after this season, but I like Forsett and think that we might take a RB late or as an UDFA. I'd like a 1st for Tate from a bad NFC team, St. Louis maybe, but that's doubtful so maybe a 2nd and 4th which would really help our draft alot.
WR, regardless of Posey, Martin, and Jean I still see this as a need but only as a 3rd - 4th round need unless someone great just falls into our lap. We've got bigger issues than WR.
TE, I used to think this was a bigger need because we might make OD a salary cap cut but we still owe him to much money, so he stays and MAYBE we take a late round TE. 2013 is a very poor year for TE's.
OL, specifically RG and RT. I think Jones is playing well at RG but I like him better at C and think that Brooks is the future of the RG position when Caldwell leaves at the end of the season. I think RT is a much bigger priority as I think Newton/Harris is a patchwork for the position and a full time RT needs to solidify it. 2nd round need. I'd also look for another OG in the 3rd - 5th to prep for a year and then replace W. Smith in 2014.
DL, Antonio Smith could be a salary cap cut but we owe him alot of money as well so probably not. I think Cody is gone in FA and finding a replacement is our highest priority since Mitchell doesn't look to be a full time starter but works well in rotation. 1st round Kawaan Short-DT or Jesse Williams-DT, maybe Sylvester Williams-DT in the 2nd round. A better DT/NT would lessen our need at ILB.
OLB, I don't think it's a need Barwin will be back.
ILB, with a better presence at DT/NT it lessens the need for a better ILB next to Cushing. James sucks but I like Dobbins. Sharpton should be given an injury settlement and cut. I see this as a mid round 4th or 5th need.
CB, I agree here if Banks falls to us then take him and be happy but that's doubtful, I don't think he makes it past 15. This will be a pick of opportunity if someone falls into our lap but don't reach for it. It's going to be a good CB class and I think someone decent is available in the 3rd.
S, I agree good year for S but not great. I think Quin is re-signed but if not I'm not averse to giving Demps a shot at the starting spot. I look for a mid to late round S pick for depth and hopefully move Keo off the roster.
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Joined: 07 Jan 2007
Posts: 5224
Location: td's basement
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 6:24 pm
Post subject:
I think now we go pretty much BPA and fill in the holes with bargain free agents, like most of the good teams do. We don't have the massive, glaring holes that once demanded that we draft a DL or CB.
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Joined: 16 Dec 2007
Posts: 14997
Location: Elkhorn, WI
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 7:23 pm
Post subject:
our biggest needs in no order at this point would be
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Joined: 24 Dec 2009
Posts: 43592
Location: Htowntakever
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 7:32 pm
Post subject:
amazingandre wrote:
our biggest needs in no order at this point would be
Those are mines too except I would put WR lower on the list. Kubiak likes what he sees from Jean, Martin and Posey (even though Posey hasnt played a game yet.) I dont think we will address WR that early.
ILB- Bradie James is horrible, and as much as I like Dobbins I don't think he can play every down at ILB. Mainly a special teams guy, and there is no telling how Sharpton will play when he comes back from injury.
NT- We still need that "big" nose tackle that can take up 2 blockers. Our run defense up the middle is a concern.
RT- Depends on how Newton/Harris finish the season. Newton has been undisciplined so far this season.
RG- I like Ben Jones as a center, so we could use depth at RG.
I would also like for us to explore safety too. Not early in the draft unless Quin isn't resigned, but for depth. Keo still has no business being on the team.
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Joined: 24 Dec 2009
Posts: 43592
Location: Htowntakever
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 7:33 pm
Post subject:
Grasspike wrote:
I think now we go pretty much BPA and fill in the holes with bargain free agents, like most of the good teams do. We don't have the massive, glaring holes that once demanded that we draft a DL or CB.
My main concern is the cap. Will we have the cap room to sign guys to fill the holes? We still have to resign Quin and Barwin.
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Joined: 08 Dec 2004
Posts: 5626
Location: Saskatchewan, Canada
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 8:21 pm
Post subject:
Texansfan713 wrote:
Grasspike wrote:
I think now we go pretty much BPA and fill in the holes with bargain free agents, like most of the good teams do. We don't have the massive, glaring holes that once demanded that we draft a DL or CB.
My main concern is the cap. Will we have the cap room to sign guys to fill the holes? We still have to resign Quin and Barwin.
Bargain free agents. And I could see us re-signing Quin because I don't think it will cost us much.
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Joined: 14 Apr 2011
Posts: 6049
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 8:31 pm
Post subject:
texansfan wrote:
Texansfan713 wrote:
Grasspike wrote:
I think now we go pretty much BPA and fill in the holes with bargain free agents, like most of the good teams do. We don't have the massive, glaring holes that once demanded that we draft a DL or CB.
My main concern is the cap. Will we have the cap room to sign guys to fill the holes? We still have to resign Quin and Barwin.
Bargain free agents. And I could see us re-signing Quin because I don't think it will cost us much.
What we're going to have to worry about is Dre's contract. Weve restructured it so much his cap numbers coming up are pretty big. After this years bargin of 5 mil that he actually re-structured in training camp I believe it jumps to 10 mil for 2 years then 14 mil amd then 13 mil.
^CalhounLambeau on the sick sig^
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Joined: 07 Jan 2007
Posts: 5224
Location: td's basement
Posted: Fri Sep 28, 2012 8:56 pm
Post subject:
texansfan wrote:
Texansfan713 wrote:
Grasspike wrote:
I think now we go pretty much BPA and fill in the holes with bargain free agents, like most of the good teams do. We don't have the massive, glaring holes that once demanded that we draft a DL or CB.
My main concern is the cap. Will we have the cap room to sign guys to fill the holes? We still have to resign Quin and Barwin.
Bargain free agents. And I could see us re-signing Quin because I don't think it will cost us much.
Exactly. By bargain free agents, I mean the guys like Bradie James and Tim Dobbins, who won't kill you but won't stand out. Teams like New England and the Colts of the Manning era always seemed to find enough of these guys that they never had glaring holes that cost them games.
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Posted: Tue Oct 02, 2012 11:59 am
Post subject:
1a. Inside Linebacker
1b. Nose Tackle
2. Right Tackle
3. ... Wide Receiver?
4. ... I don't know. Not a whole lot of players I think are in need of immediate replacement like the three positions I mentioned above.
davidpalmer714 wrote:
Kenney>Everyone else on here
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Posted: Tue Oct 02, 2012 12:52 pm
Post subject:
kenney wrote:
1a. Inside Linebacker
1b. Nose Tackle
2. Right Tackle
3. ... Wide Receiver?
4. ... I don't know. Not a whole lot of players I think are in need of immediate replacement like the three positions I mentioned above.
Nickel CB and Safety that comes in when we are in nickel. McCain is trash and I like Demps but I'd like to get a player who can be a staple at this position for a long time.
Hopefully Brandon Harris steps up and becomes the nickel CB because his skills fit the position perfectly.
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Apollo Stallion
Joined: 06 Feb 2008
Posts: 6544
Location: Austin, TX
Posted: Tue Oct 02, 2012 6:58 pm
Post subject:
WR - AJ & Walter will be turning 32. Posey is a project who tops out at Jacoby Jones level IMO. Martin is a slot receiver/returner. Jean is low rent and not durable. Time to get our future #1 who will help extend AJs career in the meantime. Given how low we will likely be picking, I'm not averse to packaging picks or trading Tate to move up for an impact player. Hell, trading Tate to the Jets now for what may become a top 10 pick may not be crazy.
RT - Butler is a goner, Newton is over his head. Harris is a patchwork solution at best. Draft priority depends upon Newton's development rest of way, but we need a depth pick at the very least. Wish we would have grabbed Bobbie Massie (already starting at RT in Arizona) ahead of B. Brooks or B. Jones.
CB - McCain & Ball should not be resigned and Carmichael cut. If Harris can't get on the field this year its time to target another nickle as the Colts, Jags, and Titans aren't going to stink forever. We remain screwed if Joseph goes down.
TE - OD's contract is a problem and Garrett Graham looks ready to take over. Ideally would get a dual purpose guy who likely begins as a blocking TE like Dreessen then is brought along in the passing game. Casey may get bigger FA offers and opportunities elsewhere and don't forget that he'll be 29. We're going to regret grabbing Posey over Dwayne Allen who is the perfect model.
DT - Cody has served his purpose but it's time to move on as he isn't good enough to keep into his 30's and Earl Mitchell has done nothing to distinguish himself. People can keep clamoring for the 350 lber, but I'm less concerned with size than if the guy is any good.
S - I disagree with sentiment here that Quin is a goner as non-playmaking safeties don't command much on the open market and I think we can get him back. However, for the 2nd year in a row we are signing a street free agent to play #3 S which on this defense is a borderline starting position. Daniel Manning will be 31 next year and has a cap figure that could become a target in future years.
ILB - Bradie James was a stopgap and I'm not confident Sharpton will ever return. Dobbins is fine, but I'd rather see a developmental guy with upside than this recurring 30 year old special teamer role Marciano gets every year (Kevin Bentley, Chaun Thompson).
OLB - obviously Barwin's status is a big factor on relative priority, but I'm beyond ready for the end of the Jesse Nading era regardless and would like to see a late round pick regardless.
P - get ready for this one again. Donnie Jones is fine, but I'm done with old Punters and spending close to $1 million when we are up against the cap is such a waste. The Jags may have been nuts with Anger in the 3rd but our 3rd rounder has barely seen the field and theirs leads the NFL with a 52 yard average. Grab one with a 5th round+ comp pick and scratch it off the list for 7 years.
QB - I would love to try to move TJ Yates to a QB desperate team like KC or Oakland (Palmer is ok, but not with that salary cap figure). Jets will go flashy again and I'm betting Cowboys finally make a bold move but Yates isn't it. Not totally likely, but if you could turn a 5th rounder into a 2nd you do it and let Kubiak build the next backup with Keenum or another a late round pick (NF1?).
Recovering Texans Season Ticket Holder
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Posted: Wed Oct 03, 2012 1:37 pm
Post subject:
I'm going to try to take a different approach to it:
- Matt Schaub has his extension, and is playing as a top 5 QB this year. TJ Yates is one of the more accomplished backups in the NFL, with a playoff win under his belt. Case Keenum is a project QB that Kubiak loves, and I can't see how he'd be willing to give up on him so quickly.
: Unless Matt Barkley could be had in the 6th round, I highly doubt that the Texans even sniff at a QB. Maybe another UDFA to keep as a camp body at most.
- Arian Foster is fine as is, Justin Forsett is also the bees' knees...but you know that Ben Tate's days as a Texan are numbered. He's good enough to start for many teams, has low miles for a 3rd year player, has great production when he does get his chance. As others have said, the value on Tate is as high as it's gonna get, and with a relatively soft RB class, I can see Tate's value getting as high as it can while he's under contract.
: Much like QB, unless there is a dynamic player who drops, I can't see the Texans invest a draft pick in someone. We seemingly take 1-2 guys as a UDFA every year and "promote" a UDFA to the roster, so look for Davin Meggett to be on the team this time next season, and two UDFAs brought in.
- Now we get interesting. Both starters are on the wrong side of 30, and the decline in each player has been seen at various points this season. Lestar Jean does have some upside, but you have to hedge your bets. DeVier Posey is probably a year away, and he very well might not get there. Keshawn Martin could work his way into the lineup, but at most - outside of KW and AJ, we have a bunch of 2/3 tweeners, no real #1.
: 1st round/2nd round pickup, right here. Depending on how the college season progresses, Va Tech WR Marcus Davis or Baylor WR Terrance Williams have the look and feel of a #1 option. If the Texans aquire some assets for Tate, I can see a selection of Tenn WR Justin Hunter in the top 15. Davis is an interesting prospect; A former QB turned WR, he's raw...but with reported 4.45 speed to go along with his 6' 4" 232 frame, he's a very sexy prospect. Question is, is this Stephen Hill v 2.0? All physical with no game actions that show a 1st round WR? Dunno, will have to tune in to really get a feel for the guy.
- Owen Daniels is right now living the good life as the Texans most productive target in the passing game. Garrett Graham has shown some flashes of brilliance, and should get more looks as the offense starts to show its hand to AJ, Daniels and Foster. James Casey can play the role in a pinch. Phillip Supernaw has a cool name.
: This IS Gary Kubiak we're talking about. 5th round, a TE will be selected.
- LT is all but locked up, but RT is a sieve. Is Derek Newton's celing a very good swing T, or does he have what it takes to be an every down, every game starter? As much as I'd like to make something out of nothing, I simply don't see him as a guy who can start. He'll get game time experience, he will be a seasoned player, but...his best is as a very competent backup, much like Rashard Butler was for so many years.
: 1st/2nd round selection. It used to be unheard of to select a RT at this stage in the draft, but with a rookie cap in place, it isn't as if you'll be spending Winston money on the guy. Rick Wagner from Wisconsin seems to scream "Gary Kubiak" selection - Wisconsin player, former TE, quick feet and experience at both sides of the line. If we go RT in the first, willing to bet the house on Wagner being the guy.
- Seems like we're in a better place at G, but it's still a concern. Ben Jones looks to be the future at RG, Brandon Brooks might top out as a swing G...but I can see a scenario in which Wade Smith might be allowed to play out his contract and sent away. He's a fine player at LG, but doesn't exactly seem like a "20" player in Rick Smith's model. Maybe a high valued "70" player, but not someone you'd resign to a pricey deal. Ergo, I can see someone brought in to push Brooks as well as groom to play LG.
: 4th round at best. G has always been a position in which you can find some solid talent later on, and this should be no exception. No idea on who is worth what in this stage of the game, so no names for now.
- Hmm. Backup C is now starting RG. Methinks finding depth behind Chris Myers might pop up on the radar.
: 5th/6th rounder. Much like G, C tend to fall...and it wouldn't be a stretch to find a very good player in this stage.
I'll get to D later.
vike daddy wrote:
EliteTexan80 wrote:
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Posted: Wed Oct 03, 2012 4:19 pm
Post subject:
RG and RT should be our focal points unless Kubiak wants Ben Jones starting there, but that means we have no backup center again.
Our main offseason addition should be Glover Quinn. Loosing him would be huge and you could easily move safety in front of the priorties list of RT and RG.
I'm not going to say ILB is a major need we need because I still beleive Sharpton is the answer there.
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Posted: Wed Oct 03, 2012 5:52 pm
Post subject:
EliteTexan80 wrote:
I'll get to D later.
...and, here we go:
- JJ Watt is right now putting 5-Tech players back on the map with his current level of play, Antonio Smith is still churning out some good performances and Jared Crick is being brought along as a steady project with an outside hope to replace Smith at a later point. Some depth would be nice, and with our usual stance on stockpiling talent to cultivate in house, I could see someone taken here.
- 3rd round. We have an extra pick in that round due to Mario Williams, and I can see us looking for one of those overachievers at the position - not some freak of nature like Watt, but someone who has that type of motor. A high energy guy to eventually work into the rotation. I'll put this at the end - do not be shocked if there is a 5-Tech DE who falls to us in the 1st and we pull the trigger on 'em. SMU's Margus Hunt is a name that is so interesting - former Olympian in track and field for Romania, picked up football once his funding stopped from Romania, a 6' 8", 280 lb FREAK of nature who has reportedly timed in at 4.6 in the 40, along with a reported 25 reps -
. I doubt he makes it out of the top 20 after his Combine showing, but if he were to slip somewhere in the late 20-30 range, the Texans will select him. He's very raw (much like Watt and Mercilius were) with a non-stop motor, high work ethic, and athletic skills that you simply can't teach.
- I simply have no clue as to what we want out of our NTs. We hear the coaches talk up Earl Mitchell and Shaun Cody, always getting praise for their play for this team...but I haven't seen why these guys get the shower of praise from the coaching. On top of that, we have taken the big 'uns at the NT, as the UDFA signing of Loni Fangupo points to. Maybe I need to stop drinking when watching, I don't know. However, I can't see both of these guys manning the spot alone. Maybe it's Fangupo who comes into the rotation. Maybe it's a draftee. I dunno.
: I...really don't know. Could be 1st. Could be 7th. Could be a UDFA. Something's gotta happen though...right?
- Welp, we got Cush. We got Dobbins, too. James isn't that great, and Sharpton has the look and feel of a career IR guy. There has to be something to take out of this, but what? How much do you pay for a two down LB?
: 5th round or later. Again, how high do you spend on a two down ILB? Unless there is some fantastic value in the 2-4th round, you can't really justify spending that high of a pick on someone who only plays roughly 50% of the snaps for the team. No names stand out, but - much like how Brian Cushing was a fantastic OLB moved inside in a 3-4 look - Brandon Jenkins looks like he could be cut from the same cloth. Then again, not too sure he makes it to the 5th. Or the 4th. Maybe the 3rd.
- You're gonna have to wait until the dust settles in regards to Connor Barwin before making a claim either way. Even if the team lets Barwin go (could go 50/50, depending on the market and his asking price) the team has to feel somewhat confident in Brooks Reed, Whitney Mercilius and Bryan Brahman...and maybe roll the die on an undersized DE in the 3rd round to fill the role of the #4 OLB.
: Again, depends on Barwin. If he stays, I doubt we even spend the time to scout the big name DE/OLB tweeners, save for some who might slip out of the draft entirely. If Barwin goes, we could see what plays out in the 3rd round or 4th round, as we should get some compensation for Mike Breisel.
- Y'know...despite the play of our top two CBs, this one can be a need. Neither Brandon Harris or Roc Carmichael have done anything worthy of note, Brice McCain might be gone this time next year (even if he's willing to take lesser of a deal, as his play has been pretty bad this year). Nobody wants to see Alan Ball anymore, so either finding depth or impact role players will be a need. Unless McCain or Harris really find their groove, this could be a high priority.
: 2nd/4th round. Depending on how the chips fall with CBs (my cursory look of 'em is telling me it could be draft deep with good Nickel/Dime CBs) this could become a quick grab and go. If Desmond Trufant slips into the late 2nd, we could bring him in and let him compete with Harris for the role (assuming that Harris doesn't win the role sometime this season, that is). Here's a name that might get me slapped: former LSU CB Tyrann Mathieu. Much like how we took a flyer on DeVier Posey (as bad as that is turning out to be, but that has little to do with the off-the-field issues) Mathieu has the same "redemption" feel to him, as he's been more than pro-active in correcting his issues. His size is a major concern, he's never going to be a starting CB in this league - but you cannot deny the impact the Honey Badger had for LSU last season (he returns kicks and punts as well, so away with Trindon). If he can be had in the 4th, we should entertain it (following an in-depth discussion with John Lucas in regards to his rehab efforts).
- Danieal Manning is a playmaker, Glover Quin is quite underrated and is working himself into a "need to sign him for the long haul" position with the team...but given how we like to use a lot of 3 S rotations, it would be better served to find folks better than Shiloh Keo, Troy Nolan, Eddie Plesant and Quentin Demps. Granted, it seems as if Plesant is being groomed to get into one of these spots, but who knows?
: 6th round. I don't know much about this class, and I don't know of any CB/S tweeners to be had, so can't really throw a name in there and feel comfy.
- We got our K last year, so follow up with a P, no?
: 6th round or lower. Don't ask me who does what amongst the draft eligible Ps. I had no idea who that Anger kid was, and he was a damn 3rd rounder.
vike daddy wrote:
EliteTexan80 wrote:
I wanna be a mod.
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Welcome to our new UA Faculty!
Here you will find information that will aid in your start as a faculty member at The University of Akron. We hope this information/these materials will ease your transition into your new role at UA. Don't be afraid to ask any questions! Seek out assistance from your Department Chair or Administrative Assistant or Secretary. Any of these individuals have a wealth of information to share with you.
Good luck as you begin your new role and THANK YOU for supporting our outstanding students and for fulfilling Our Mission: To ensure student success and leverage our region's unique assets in the creation of knowledge and application of research that benefits humankind.
New Faculty Orientation
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Your Purpose and Objectives as a Young Women Leader
Young women all over the world need a vision of who they are, where they are going, and what they are to achieve in this life.
As a young women leader, you are called to serve as a guide. It's like consulting a map before a hike. You have to know the destination in order to choose the path. If you can't see the end, you won't get there.
The scriptures teach this simple but profound doctrine: "Where there is no vision, the people perish" (Proverbs 29:18). Handbook 2: Administering the Church provides you as a leader with an inspiring vision of the destination for each young woman. It also gives you an overview of the pathway that will get her there.
As you read Handbook 2, consider the landmarks (the objectives) along the way:
- Is she developing faith?
- Is she understanding her identity?
- Is she keeping the commandments and standards?
- Is she receiving, recognizing, and qualifying for the Holy Ghost?
- Is she preparing for her divine role as a wife and mother?
- Is she preparing to keep the covenants of temple?
These are the basic steps along the path. They reflect the pure doctrine of Christ-faith, repentance, baptism, and the gift of the Holy Ghost. As you help young women take these steps, you will help them to the destination of the temple and back to our Heavenly Father-proven, pure, and sealed.
- Learn more about the purpose and objectives of Young Women in Handbook 2: Administering the Church, 10.1.
What Am I Called to Do?
As a Young Women leader you are called to assist parents and priesthood leaders in guiding a young woman on the path to the temple.
In order to help the young women grow, you must be on the path-converted and growing spiritually yourself. As you do, you will be able to teach, influence, and lead young women to the temple by your righteous example.
As a Young Women leader, you will need to:
Prepare Spiritually
- Study the scriptures with young women in mind.
- Pray, ponder, be worthy, attend the temple, and listen for revelation.
- Be strictly obedient to the commandments and exemplify the standards in behavior, language, dress, and so on.
- Rejoice in the privilege to serve.
- Learn more about preparing yourself spiritually in Handbook 2: 3.2.1.
Participate in Councils
Psalm 55:14: "We took sweet counsel together, and walked unto the house of God in company."
As a member of a Young Women presidency, you participate in several councils. Young Women presidency meeting is a council. You teach class presidencies to counsel together in their meetings. As Young Women president, you are also called as a member of the ward council. When you participate in ward council, go having counseled together with your presidency so you may:
- Represent the needs of individual young women and their families to the council.
- Offer observations, concerns, and recommendations for consideration.
- Follow the direction of priesthood leaders.
- Learn more about counseling with others in Handbook 2: 3.2.2.
- Learn more about the ward council in Handbook 2: section 4.
Minister to Each Young Woman
3 Nephi 17:21: "And he took their little children, one by one, and blessed them, and prayed unto the Father for them."
Just as the Savior ministered one by one to His children, your leadership should be focused on helping each young woman progress from wherever she is on the path. As President Gordon B. Hinckley taught, "When you save a girl, you save generations" ("Our Responsibility to Our Young Women," Ensign, Sept. 1988, 8).
- Strive to retain each young woman; know, love, and recognize her individually.
- Strengthen each young woman's faith in Jesus Christ. Strengthen her in her family.
- Prepare each young woman for her future roles as wife, mother, homemaker, and leader.
- Gather young women to learn, lead, serve, and live gospel principles.
- Learn more about ministering to others in Handbook 2: 3.2.3.
Teach Young Women
D&C 109:7: "Seek learning even by study and also by faith."
Every leader is a teacher. Don't forget that the majority of a young woman's learning may be caught rather than taught. A Young Women leader is a role model and an example to those she serves. As young women watch you and how you live the gospel, they will learn what it means to be a faithful woman, wife, and mother.
- Learn more about teaching the gospel of Jesus Christ in Handbook 2: 3.2.4.
- Learn more about improving learning and teaching in the ward in 4Handbook 2: 12.5.
- President Dieter F. Uchtdorf, "The Influence of Righteous Women"
In addition to informal teaching by example, you will have the opportunity and responsibility to facilitate more formal learning through Sunday lessons. Engage young women in learning. Young women gather each Sunday to increase their gospel understanding, to recognize how the gospel answers their daily questions, to have opportunities to feel the Spirit, and to strengthen and share their testimonies. This happens as you invite young women to participate in the learning process and act upon that learning in their daily lives.
- Help each young woman know and apply the first principles and ordinances of the gospel: faith, repentance, baptism, and the gift of the Holy Ghost.
- Use the Book of Mormon and the words of latter-day prophets.
- Emphasize virtue, purity, worthiness, and the standards outlined in For the Strength of Youth.
- Teach the young women to receive, recognize, and rely on the Holy Ghost.
- See Elder David A. Bednar, "Watching with All Perseverance."
As you help young women take these steps, you will help them to the destination of the temple and back to our Heavenly Father—proven, pure, and sealed.
Administer the Young Women Program (See Handbook 2: 3.2.5)
There are several program tools available to assist you. Remember that your focus is the spiritual life of every young woman and her progress on the path to the temple. These programs and materials are your hiking equipment, the means by which you can help a young woman on her journey.
- Young Women Theme; see also Handbook 2: 10.1.2.
- Standards; see also Handbook 2: 10.5.
- Sunday Gospel Instruction; see also Handbook 2: 10.6.
- Personal Progress; see also Handbook 2: 10.7.
- Activities and Events; see also Handbook 2: 10.8 and 13.
- Youth Leadership; see also Handbook 2: 10.9.


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I was actually very tempted to write a post about syndicated blogs today. cdfrey essentially said what I would have, but I probably would have been more elaborate and possibly less considerate. This is actually a great article topic, although I'm on my way to bed and I'm too lazy to compose right now.
I find myself pre-scanning the recent blogs for those that aren't syndicated. That's about 10%, which certainly saves me a lot of reading. Syndication just tells me "what I have to say is so important that many people on many sites will read it, but I don't have time to go to all of those sites and read what other people post." That might not be the truth, and indeed some people do generate more valuable entries that are of interest to a wide community. It might be better to have a "most-recently syndicated" list separate from the "I actually signed in, making it possible for me to read others' writing" list.
Many of the syndicated blogs provide useful information, but I don't think they belong in the same section as those originating from this site. I can't think of any other site where an RSS feed gets interleaved with original content as if it were the same.


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All students should have the opportunity to experience the fine arts as part of a well-rounded curriculum and complete education. The study of drama, dance, music, and the visual arts helps students explore realities, relationships, and ideas that cannot be expressed simply in words or numbers. Study of the fine arts nurtures creativity, an essential skill for the 21st century. The fine arts serve the education of the whole child.
Learning in the fine arts is valuable on its own, but it also engages students in learning in other subjects. Research has shown visual arts instruction to improve reading readiness. Performing and creating facilitates the acquisition of problem-solving skills and teamwork. Those skills then can be applied to other academic areas. All fine arts have academic content. Thus, the arts can help students learn essential skills in new and exciting ways.
In the global economy, creativity is essential. Creativity in students must be nurtured and allowed to have a place in the education of the whole child in order to prepare that child for the future. The study of visual arts, dance, drama, and music, as outlined in the Utah State Core Curriculum, provides a venue for creativity to flourish. The fine arts provide a place for students to explore new ideas, for appropriate risk-taking, for creative problem solving, for working together with others, for developing aesthetic awareness, for exploring and expressing the world, and for cultural awareness and representation, in addition to the benefits of study in the discipline of fine arts. The study of fine arts is a critical element of a well-rounded education for every student.
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