text:
Health Information
Asthma (Holistic)Skip to the navigation
About This Condition
Try proven herbal remedies
Boswellia extract (900 mg a day), ivy leaf extract (50 drops a day), or tylophora leaf (200 to 400 mg a day) may improve breathing; children should get one-half of these amounts or less, depending on body weight
Clean it up
To avoid triggering asthma attacks, control household and workplace irritants such as dust, mold, smoke, chemicals, and animal dander, and dietary triggers like certain food additives
Keep a healthy body weight
Shed extra pounds to improve breathing and decrease the need for medications
See an allergist
Find a specialist to help you build tolerance to allergens
About This Condition
Asthma is a lung disorder in which spasms and inflammation of the bronchial passages restrict the flow of air in and out of the lungs.
The number of people with asthma and the death rate from this condition have been increasing since the late 1980s. Environmental pollution may be one of the causes of this growing epidemic. Work exposure to flour or cotton dust, animal fur, smoke, and a wide variety of chemicals has been linked to increased risk of asthma.1
Findings from animal and human studies confirm that DTP (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis) and tetanus vaccinations can induce allergic responses,2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 and can increase the risk of allergies, including allergic asthma. An analysis of data from nearly 14,000 infants and children revealed that having a history of asthma is twice as great among those who were vaccinated with DTP or tetanus vaccines than among those who were not.7
An asthma attack usually begins with sudden fits of wheezing, coughing, or shortness of breath. However, it may also begin insidiously with slowly increasing manifestations of respiratory distress. A sensation of tightness in the chest is also common.
Healthy Lifestyle Tips
Being overweight increases the risk of asthma.8 Obese people with asthma may improve their lung-function symptoms and overall health status by engaging in a weight-loss program. A controlled study found that weight loss resulted in significant decreases in episodes of shortness of breath, increases in overall breathing capacity, and decreases in the need for medication to control symptoms.9
Holistic Options
A set of breathing exercises called Buteyko breathing techniques has been reported to significantly reduce the need for prescription drugs for people with asthma.10 Although the people in this controlled trial experienced an improved quality of life while doing these exercises, objective measures of breathing capacity did not improve, despite the decreased need for drugs.
Antibiotic use during the first year or two of life has been associated with an increased risk of asthma in preliminary studies.11 , 12 Whether this association might result from allergic versus non-allergic effects remains unknown. However, the association does suggest that, until more is known, gratuitous use of antibiotics in early childhood (e.g., to inappropriately treat viral diseases) should be reconsidered. Of course, the appropriate use of antibiotics in the treatment of infections as necessary should not be avoided. Concerns should be discussed with the prescribing physician.
Acupuncture might be useful for some asthmatics. Case reports13 , 14 and preliminary trials15 , 16 , 17 have suggested acupuncture may be helpful for people with asthma, either as a treatment for an acute attack or as a longer term therapy for reducing the number or severity of attacks, decreasing the need for medications, and so on. Placebo-controlled trials using sham ("fake") acupuncture, however, have been quite contradictory, many of them showing a strong placebo effect that is not significantly improved upon by real acupuncture.18 , 19 , 20 , 21 It is possible that needle insertion in non-acupuncture points has a stimulating effect that benefits asthma. The success of acupuncture may also depend on other factors, such as the type of asthma being treated and certain characteristics of the patient. Nonetheless, since some controlled research has demonstrated positive effects of real acupuncture, people with asthma may want to consider a trial of acupuncture treatment to see if it helps their individual cases.
Chiropractic physicians have reported that manipulation may be helpful for patients with asthma.22 , 23 , 24 In a controlled study, chronic asthmatics received either real or sham chiropractic manipulations for four weeks, after which the treatments were switched for another four weeks. No improvement in measurements of lung function was found at the end of the study. In addition, while both the manipulation and the sham treatment groups reported significant decreases in asthma frequency and severity, there were no differences between the treatments.25 A larger controlled study compared chiropractic manipulation to sham manual treatments in children whose asthma was still a problem despite usual medical management.26 Both groups experienced a significant decrease in symptoms and need for medication, as well as small increases in ability to breathe. These benefits lasted for four months after the treatments were discontinued. Although there was no additional benefit of chiropractic compared to the sham treatments, it is possible that improvements in both groups were real, rather than placebo effects. The sham therapy, which consisted of "soft tissue massage and gentle palpation [touching]," may have had real effects. More research is needed to address this confusing issue.
Eating Right
The right diet is the key to managing many diseases and to improving general quality of life. For this condition, scientific research has found benefit in the following healthy eating tips.
|Get your vitamin C
Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that may protect against asthma. Children with asthma have been shown to wheeze significantly less if they eat lots of vitamin C-rich fruit, such as citrus fruit, strawberries, and currants.
Vitamin C , an antioxidant present in fruits and vegetables, is a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. This anti-inflammatory activity may influence the development of asthma symptoms. A large preliminary study has shown that young children with asthma experience significantly less wheezing if they eat a diet high in fruits rich in vitamin C.27
|Try a vegan diet
A vegan diet in conjunction with other dietary changes-such as avoiding caffeine, sugar, salt, and chlorinated tap water-can lead to improvements.
A vegan (pure vegetarian) diet given for one year in conjunction with many specific dietary changes (such as avoidance of caffeine , sugar, salt, and chlorinated tap water) and combined with a variety of herbs and supplements led to significant improvement in one group of asthmatics.28 Although 16 out of 24 people who continued the intervention for the full year were much better and one person was actually cured, it remains unclear how much of the action was purely a result of the dietary changes compared with the many other therapies employed.
|Watch the salt
Too much salt may aggravate asthma symptoms, particularly in men. Cutting back may help keep airways clear.
Studies suggest that high salt intake may have an adverse effect on asthma, particularly in men. In a small, preliminary trial, doubling salt intake for one month led to a small increase in airway reactivity (indicating a worsening of asthma) in men with asthma, as well as in non-asthmatics.29 Several double-blind trials have provided limited evidence of clinical improvement following a period of sodium restriction.30 , 31 , 32 , 33 It is difficult to compare the results of these studies because they used different amounts of sodium restriction. However, they consistently suggest that increased dietary sodium may aggravate asthma symptoms, especially in men.34
|Look at food additives
Some asthmatics react to food additives and chemicals. A doctor or an allergist can help determine if you are chemically sensitive.
Some asthmatics react to food additives, such as sulfites, tartrazine (yellow dye #5), and sodium benzoate, as well as natural salicylates (aspirin-like substances found in many foods).35 , 36 A doctor or an allergist can help determine whether chemical sensitivities are present.
|Uncover food allergies
Unrecognized food allergy can aggravate asthma. Try an elimination diet to uncover potential problem foods. A healthcare professional must supervise this test because it is possibile to trigger a severe asthma attack during the reintroduction.
Although most people with asthma do not suffer from food allergies ,37 unrecognized food allergy can be an exacerbating factor.38 A medically supervised "allergy elimination diet," followed by reintroduction of the eliminated foods, often helps identify problematic foods. A healthcare professional must supervise this allergy test because of the possibility of triggering a severe asthma attack during the reintroduction.39
Our proprietary "Star-Rating" system was developed to help you easily understand the amount of scientific support behind each supplement in relation to a specific health condition. While there is no way to predict whether a vitamin, mineral, or herb will successfully treat or prevent associated health conditions, our unique ratings tell you how well these supplements are understood by some in the medical community, and whether studies have found them to be effective for other people.
For over a decade, our team has combed through thousands of research articles published in reputable journals. To help you make educated decisions, and to better understand controversial or confusing supplements, our medical experts have digested the science into these three easy-to-follow ratings. We hope this provides you with a helpful resource to make informed decisions towards your health and well-being.
3 Stars Reliable and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit.
2 Stars Contradictory, insufficient, or preliminary studies suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit.
1 Star For an herb, supported by traditional use but minimal or no scientific evidence. For a supplement, little scientific support.
2 Stars
Amrita Bindu
250 to 500 mg twice per day
Amrita Bindu is an Ayurvedic herbal preparation shown to have antioxidant activity. In one study, some children with severe asthma who received amrita bindu were able to stop their asthma medications and were no longer having asthma attacks.
Amrita Bindu is an Ayurvedic herbal preparation that contains a mixture of 13 salts and spices. It has been shown to have antioxidant activity. In a preliminary study, children with severe asthma received 250 to 500 mg (depending on their age) of Amrita Bindu twice a day after meals.40 After three months of treatment, most of the children were able to stop their prescription asthma medications and were no longer having asthma attacks. While these results are impressive, they should be followed up with a double-blind study, to rule out the possibility that the benefit was due to a placebo effect.
2 Stars
64 mg a day of natural supplement
Some researchers have suggested that exercise-related asthma attacks might be caused by free-radical damage caused by the exercise. Supplementing with beta-carotene, an antioxidant, protects against free-radical damage and may prevent these attacks.
Caution: Synthetic beta-carotene has been linked to increased risk of lung cancer in smokers. Until more is known, smokers should avoid all beta-carotene supplements.
Some researchers have suggested that asthma attacks triggered by exercise might be caused by free-radical damage caused by the exercise. Beta-carotene is an antioxidant that protects against free-radical damage. Israeli researchers reported that 64 mg per day of natural beta-carotene for one week in a double blind trial protected over half of a group of asthmatics who experienced attacks as a result of exercise.41 More research is needed to confirm this promising finding.
2 Stars
300 mg three times per day of a resin extract
In one trial, people with acute bronchial asthma who took powdered boswellia resin extract had significantly fewer asthma attacks and improved measurements of breathing capacity.
One double-blind trial has investigated the effects of the Ayurvedic herb boswellia in people with acute bronchial asthma.42 Participants took 300 mg of powdered boswellia resin extract or placebo three times daily for six weeks. By the end of the study, the number of asthma attacks was significantly lower in the group taking boswellia. Moreover, objective measurements of breathing capacity were also significantly improved by boswellia.
2 Stars
Adults: 50 mg three times per day for adults; children: 50 to150 mg per day, depending on body size
In one study, asthma patients taking inhaled steroids who also took butterbur extract saw significant improvement in airflow.
In a double-blind study, adult asthma patients taking inhaled steroids took either butterbur extract or placebo.43 There was a significantly greater improvement in airflow in the group that took butterbur extract compared with those who took placebo. A study without a control group showed that people with mild asthma, most still taking various anti-asthma medications, had better airflow but actually showed some evidence of having more frequent asthma attacks when they took butterbur.44 Therefore more rigorous studies are needed to know how effective butterbur is in people with asthma.
2 Stars
Fish Oil
Consult a doctor
Research shows that fish oil partially reduces reactions to allergens that can trigger asthma attacks. It has also been shown in one study to prevent exercise-induced asthma attacks.
Double-blind research shows that fish oil partially reduces reactions to allergens that can trigger attacks in some asthmatics.45 Another double-blind study showed that fish oil supplements prevented exercise-induced asthma attacks in people with asthma.46 A few other researchers have reported small but significant improvements when asthmatics supplement with fish oil,47 , 48 but reviews of the research concluded that most fish oil studies showed little or no benefit.49 , 50 It is possible that some of these trials failed to show an improvement because they did not last long enough to demonstrate an effect. There is evidence that children who eat oily fish may have a much lower risk of getting asthma.51 Moreover, in a double-blind trial, children who received 300 mg per day of fish oil (providing 84 mg of EPA and 36 mg of DHA) experienced significant improvement of asthma symptoms.52 It should be noted that these benefits were obtained under circumstances in which exposure to food allergens and environmental allergens was strictly controlled. Though the evidence supporting the use of fish oil remains somewhat conflicting, eating more fish and supplementing with fish oil may still be worth considering, especially among children with asthma.
2 Stars
Green-Lipped Mussel
50 mg of omega-3 fatty acids twice per day
In a study of people with asthma, supplementing with a proprietary extract of New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Lyprinol) significantly decreased wheezing and improved airflow.
In a double-blind study of people with asthma, supplementation with a proprietary extract of New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Lyprinol) twice a day for 8 weeks significantly decreased daytime wheezing and improved airflow through the bronchi.53 Each capsule of Lyprinol contains 50 mg of omega-3 fatty acids.
2 Stars
Holy Basil
500 mg three times per day
Animal studies have found that extracts of holy basil help keep the bronchial airway passages clear. In two trials, asthma patients who took holy basil had better breathing function and fewer attacks.
Animal studies have found that extracts of holy basil (Ocimim sanctum) inhibit constriction of the bronchial airway passages.54 Two preliminary clinical trials treated asthma patients with 500 mg of holy basil three times daily for one month.55 , 56 Breathing function improved and the frequency of attacks was reduced. Placebo-controlled research is needed to validate these results.
2 Stars
Ivy Leaf
25 drops of a leaf extract twice per day
A study involving children with bronchial asthma suggested that ivy leaf was effective in increasing the amount of oxygen in the lungs.
A controlled trial on children with bronchial asthma suggested that 25 drops of ivy leaf extract given twice daily was effective in increasing the amount of oxygen in the lungs after only three days of use. However, the frequency of cough and shortness of breath symptoms did not change during the short trial period.57
2 Stars
30 mg daily
Lycopene, an antioxidant found in tomatoes, helps reduce exercise-related asthma attacks.
Lycopene , an antioxidant related to beta-carotene and found in tomatoes, helps reduce the symptoms of asthma caused by exercising. In one double-blind trial,58 over half of people with exercise-induced asthma had significantly fewer asthma symptoms after taking capsules containing 30 mg of lycopene per day for one week compared to when they took a placebo.
2 Stars
300 to 400 mg daily
People with asthma frequently have low magnesium levels. Supplementing with the mineral might help prevent asthma attacks because magnesium can prevent bronchial spasms.
Magnesium levels are frequently low in asthmatics.59 Current evidence suggests that high dietary magnesium intake may be associated with better lung function and reduced bronchial reactivity. Intravenous injection of magnesium has been reported in most,60 , 61 , 62 , 63 but not all,64 double-blind trials to rapidly halt acute asthma attacks. Magnesium supplements might help prevent asthma attacks because magnesium can prevent spasms of the bronchial passages. In a preliminary trial, 18 adults with asthma took 300 mg of magnesium per day for 30 days and experienced decreased bronchial reactivity.65 However, a double-blind trial investigated the effects of 400 mg per day for three weeks and found a significant improvement in symptoms, but not in objective measures of airflow or airway reactivity.66 The amount of magnesium used in these trials was 300 to 400 mg per day. Children usually take proportionately less based on their body weight, but one study of asthmatic children between the ages of 17 and 19 used 300 mg of magnesium per day.67
2 Stars
400 to 1,500 mg of powdered root per day
Two preliminary trials have shown picrorhiza to improve asthma symptoms.
Two preliminary trials have shown picrorhiza to be of benefit in asthma.68 , 69 However, a follow-up double-blind trial did not confirm these earlier results.70 A range of 400 to 1,500 mg of powdered, encapsulated picrorhiza per day has been used in a variety of trials. It remains unclear how effective picrorhiza is for people with asthma.
2 Stars
1 mg per pound of body weight per day, in two divided doses
In one trial, supplementing with Pycnogenol improved lung function and asthma symptoms and reduced the need for rescue medication in children with asthma.
In a double-blind trial, supplementing with Pycnogenol significantly improved lung function and asthma symptoms and significantly reduced the need for rescue medication in a group of children (ages 6 to 18 years) with asthma.71 In contrast, no significant changes were seen in the placebo group. The amount of Pycnogenol used was 1 mg per pound of body weight per day, in two divided doses, for three months.
2 Stars
Refer to label instructions
In preliminary trials, saiboku-to, a traditional Japanese herbal formula with numerous anti-inflammatory actions, has been shown to reduce asthma symptoms and the need for steroid medication.
In three preliminary trials on people with asthma, a traditional Japanese herbal formula known as saiboku-to has been shown to reduce symptoms and enable some people to reduce their use of steroid medication.72 , 73 , 74 Saiboku-to has been extensively studied in the laboratory and has been shown to have numerous anti-inflammatory actions.75 Some of these studies used 2.5 grams three times per day of saiboku-to. A traditional Chinese or Japanese medicine practitioner should be consulted for more information. Saiboku-to contains bupleurum , hoelen, pinellia, magnolia, Asian ginseng , Asian scullcap , licorice , perilla, ginger and jujube.
2 Stars
100 mcg daily
Asthma involves free-radical damage that selenium might protect against. In one trial, supplementing with sodium selenite (a form of selenium) improved symptoms in some patients.
People with low levels of selenium have a high risk of asthma.76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 Asthma involves free-radical damage81 that selenium might protect against. In a small double-blind trial, supplementation with 100 mcg of sodium selenite (a form of selenium) per day for 14 weeks resulted in clinical improvement in six of eleven patients, compared with only one of ten in the placebo group.82 Most doctors recommend 200 mcg per day for adults (and proportionately less for children)-a much higher, though still safe, level.
2 Stars
150 to 400 mg daily of powdered leaf
Tylophora has been shown to benefit people with asthma in a variety of ways, including relieving asthma symptoms, increasing the lungs' capacity for oxygen, and reducing nighttime shortness of breath.
Different preparations of tylophora , including crude leaf, tincture, and capsule, have been tested in human clinical trials. One double-blind trial had people with bronchial asthma chew and swallow one tylophora leaf (150 mg of the leaf by weight) per day for six days. Participants were also given a comparable placebo to be chewed and swallowed during a different six-day period. When consuming tylophora, over half of the people reported experiencing moderate to complete relief of their asthma symptoms, compared to only about 20% reporting relief when consuming the placebo.83 In a follow-up double-blind trial, an alcoholic extract of crude tylophora leaves had comparable effects to that of chewing the crude leaf.84 Another double-blind trial found 350 mg of tylophora leaf powder per day increased the lungs' capacity for oxygen and reduced nighttime shortness of breath, but was not as effective as an antiasthmatic drug combination.85 A fourth double-blind trial found no significant changes in lung volume measurements or asthmatic symptoms after treatment with 400 mg per day tylophora.86
2 Stars
Vitamin B6
100 to 200 mg daily
Vitamin B6 deficiency is common in asthmatics. Supplementing with the vitamin may decrease the frequency and severity of asthma attacks.
Vitamin B6 deficiency is common in asthmatics.87 This deficiency may relate to the asthma itself or to certain asthma drugs (such as theophylline and aminophylline ) that deplete vitamin B6.88 In a double-blind trial, 200 mg per day of vitamin B6 for two months reduced the severity of asthma in children and reduced the amount of asthma medication they needed.89 In another trial, asthmatic adults experienced a dramatic decrease in the frequency and severity of asthma attacks while taking 50 mg of vitamin B6 twice a day.90 Nonetheless, the research remains somewhat inconsistent, and one double-blind trial found that high amounts of B6 supplements did not help asthmatics who required the use of steroid drugs.91
2 Stars
Vitamin C
1,000 to 1,500 mg daily
Supplementing with vitamin C reduces the tendency of the bronchial passages to go into spasm, an action that has been confirmed in double-blind research.
Supplementation with 1 gram of vitamin C per day reduces the tendency of the bronchial passages to go into spasm,92 an action that has been confirmed in double-blind research.93 Beneficial effects of short-term vitamin C supplementation (i.e., less than three days) have been observed. In double-blind trials, supplementation with 1,000 to 1,500 mg of vitamin C per day for 2 to 14 days prevented attacks of exercise-induced asthma.94 , 95 Two other preliminary trials found that vitamin C supplementation reduced bronchial reactivity to metacholine, a drug that causes bronchial constriction.96 , 97 However, other studies,98 including two double-blind trials,99 , 100 have failed to corroborate these findings. The only double-blind trial of a long duration found that vitamin C supplementation (1 gram per day for 14 weeks) reduced the severity and frequency of attacks among Nigerian adults with asthma.101 A buffered form of vitamin C (such as sodium ascorbate or calcium ascorbate) may work better for some asthmatics than regular vitamin C (ascorbic acid).102
2 Stars
Vitamin D
1,200 IU per day for 15 to 17 weeks
A study of Japanese children found that daily supplementation with vitamin D during the winter months significantly reduced the amount of times the children experienced asthma attacks.
In a double-blind study of Japanese children (average age, ten years), supplementation with 1,200 IU per day of vitamin D for 15 to 17 weeks during the winter significantly reduced the incidence of asthma attacks compared with a placebo.103 In another double-blind trial, however, vitamin D supplementation (100,000 IU one time, followed by 4,000 IU per day for 28 weeks) was of no benefit for adults with asthma.104
1 Star
Betaine Hydrochloride
Refer to label instructions
Used under medical supervision, betaine HCl may help restore stomach acid levels and improve asthma symptoms.
A study conducted many years ago showed that 80% of children with asthma had hypochlorhydria ( low stomach acid ). Supplementation with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in combination with avoidance of known food allergens led to clinical improvement in this preliminary trial.105 In more recent times, HCl has usually been supplemented in the form of betaine HCl . The amount needed depends on the severity of hypochlorhydria and on the size of a meal. Because it is a fairly strong acid, betaine HCl should be used only with medical supervision.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Bromelain reduces the thickness of mucus, which may be beneficial for people with asthma.
Bromelain reduces the thickness of mucus, which may be beneficial for those with asthma,106 though clinical actions in asthmatics remain unproven.
1 Star
50 to 100 mg of an extract standardized to 18% forskolin, taken two to three times per day
One trial found that a constituent of coleus, called forskolin, when inhaled, could decrease lung spasms in asthmatics.
A small double-blind trial found that a constituent of coleus , called forskolin, when inhaled, could decrease lung spasms in asthmatics compared to placebo.107 Coleus extracts standardized to 18% forskolin are available, and 50 to 100 mg can be taken two to three times per day. Fluid extract can be taken in the amount of 2 to 4 ml three times per day. Most trials have used injected forskolin, so it is unclear whether oral ingestion of coleus extracts will provide similar benefits in the amounts recommended above. One study found that 10 mg per day of forskolin taken orally for 2 months was of no benefit for adult asthmatics.108
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Elecampane has been used traditionally to treat coughs associated with asthma.
Traditionally, herbs that have a soothing action on bronchioles are also used for asthma. These include marshmallow , mullein , hyssop , and licorice . Elecampane has been used traditionally to treat coughs associated with asthma.109
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Supplementing with the herb Ginkgo biloba may improve asthma, as its extracts block the action of a compound that contributes to asthma symptoms.
Ginkgo biloba extracts have been considered a potential therapy for asthma. This is because the extracts block the action of platelet-activating factor (PAF), a compound the body produces that in part causes asthma symptoms. A trial using isolated ginkgolides from ginkgo (not the whole extract) found they reduced asthma symptoms.110 A controlled trial used a highly concentrated tincture of ginkgo leaf and found this preparation helped decrease asthma symptoms.111 For asthma, 120 to 240 mg of standardized ginkgo or 3 to 4 ml of regular tincture three times daily can be used.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Hyssop, which has a soothing effect on bronchioles, has traditionally been used for asthma.
Traditionally, herbs that have a soothing action on bronchioles are also used for asthma. These include marshmallow , mullein , hyssop , and licorice . Elecampane has been used traditionally to treat coughs associated with asthma.112
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Khella is considered an anti-spasmodic. Though it is not strong enough to stop acute asthma attacks, it has been recommended by German herbal medicine practitioners for chronic asthma symptoms.
Eclectic physicians-doctors in turn-of-the-century North America who used herbs as their main medicine-considered lobelia to be one of the most important plant medicines.113 Traditionally, it was used by Eclectics to treat coughs and spasms in the lungs from all sorts of causes.114 A plant that originates in Africa, khella, is also considered an anti-spasmodic like lobelia. Though it is not strong enough to stop acute asthma attacks, khella has been recommended by German physicians practicing herbal medicine as possibly helpful for chronic asthma symptoms.115
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
In a double-blind trial, supplementing with L-carnitine improved lung function and overall asthma control, compared with a placebo, in children with asthma.
In a double-blind trial, supplementing with L-carnitine (1,050 mg each morning for six months) improved lung function and overall asthma control, compared with a placebo, in Egyptian children with asthma.116
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Licorice, which has a soothing effect on bronchioles, has traditionally been used for asthma.
Traditionally, herbs that have a soothing action on bronchioles are also used for asthma. These include marshmallow , mullein , hyssop , and licorice . Elecampane has been used traditionally to treat coughs associated with asthma.117
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Lobelia has been used traditionally to treat coughs and spasms in the lungs from all kinds of causes.
Eclectic physicians-doctors in turn-of-the-century North America who used herbs as their main medicine-considered lobelia to be one of the most important plant medicines.118 Traditionally, it was used by Eclectics to treat coughs and spasms in the lungs from all sorts of causes.119 A plant that originates in Africa, khella, is also considered an anti-spasmodic like lobelia. Though it is not strong enough to stop acute asthma attacks, khella has been recommended by German physicians practicing herbal medicine as possibly helpful for chronic asthma symptoms.120
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Marshmallow, which has a soothing effect on bronchioles, has traditionally been used for asthma.
Traditionally, herbs that have a soothing action on bronchioles are also used for asthma. These include marshmallow , mullein , hyssop , and licorice . Elecampane has been used traditionally to treat coughs associated with asthma.121
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
The trace mineral molybdenum helps the body detoxify sulfites, which can trigger asthma attacks.
In some people with asthma, symptoms can be triggered by ingestion of food additives known as sulfites. Pretreatment with a large amount of vitamin B12 (1,500 mcg orally) reduced the asthmatic reaction to sulfites in children with sulfite sensitivity in one preliminary trial.122 The trace mineral molybdenum also helps the body detoxify sulfites.123 While some doctors use molybdenum to treat selected patients with asthma, there is little published research on this treatment, and it is not known what an appropriate level of molybdenum supplementation would be. A typical American diet contains about 200 to 500 mcg per day,124 and preliminary short-term trials have used supplemental amounts of 500 mcg per day.125 People who suspect sulfite-sensitive asthma should consult with a physician before taking molybdenum.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Mullein, which has a soothing effect on bronchioles, has traditionally been used for asthma.
Traditionally, herbs that have a soothing action on bronchioles are also used for asthma. These include marshmallow , mullein , hyssop , and licorice . Elecampane has been used traditionally to treat coughs associated with asthma.126
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Onion may act as an anti-inflammatory in people with asthma.
Onion may act as an anti-inflammatory in people with asthma. Human studies have shown onion can be a strong anti-inflammatory.127 However, some people with asthma may experience an exacerbation of symptoms if they are allergic to onion and are exposed to it.128
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Quercetin, a flavonoid found in many plants, has an inhibiting action on lipoxygenase, an enzyme that contributes to problems with asthma.
Quercetin , a flavonoid found in most plants, has an inhibiting action on lipoxygenase, an enzyme that contributes to problems with asthma.129 No clinical trials in humans have confirmed whether quercetin decreases asthma symptoms. Some doctors are currently experimenting with 400 to 1,000 mg of quercetin three times per day.
1 Star
Thymus Extracts
Refer to label instructions
A thymus extract known as thymomodulin has been shown to improve the symptoms and course of asthma, presumably as the result of restoration of proper immune function control.
The oral administration of a thymus extract known as thymomodulin has been shown in preliminary and double-blind clinical trials to improve the symptoms and course of asthma.130 , 131 , 132 , 133 Presumably this clinical improvement is the result of restoration of proper control over immune function .
1 Star
Vitamin B12
Refer to label instructions
In some people, asthma symptoms can be triggered by ingesting sulfites, a food additive. Pretreatment with a large amount of vitamin B12 reduced some children's asthmatic reaction to sulfites in one trial.
In some people with asthma, symptoms can be triggered by ingestion of food additives known as sulfites. Pretreatment with a large amount of vitamin B12 (1,500 mcg orally) reduced the asthmatic reaction to sulfites in children with sulfite sensitivity in one preliminary trial.134 The trace mineral molybdenum also helps the body detoxify sulfites.135 While some doctors use molybdenum to treat selected patients with asthma, there is little published research on this treatment, and it is not known what an appropriate level of molybdenum supplementation would be. A typical American diet contains about 200 to 500 mcg per day,136 and preliminary short-term trials have used supplemental amounts of 500 mcg per day.137 People who suspect sulfite-sensitive asthma should consult with a physician before taking molybdenum.
1 Star
Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Selenium
Refer to label instructions
There is some evidence that a combination of antioxidants vitamin E, vitamin C, and selenium may help prevent asthma thought to be caused by air pollution.
There is some evidence that combinations of antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, and selenium may help improve symptoms of asthma throught to be caused by air pollution.138 In one double-blind study, 46 Dutch bicyclists were randomly assigned to receive a placebo or 100 mg of vitamin E and 500 mg of vitamin C daily for 15 weeks.139 Lung function was measured before and after each training session on 380 different occasions, and ambient ozone concentrations were measured during each training session. After analysis, researchers concluded that bicyclists with the vitamins C and E blunted the adverse effects of ozone on measures of lung function. In another double-blind study, 17 adults (18 to 39 years old) were randomly assigned to receive either 400 IU per day of vitamin E and 500 mg per day of vitamin C or a placebo for five weeks.140 Tests showing improved measures of lung function led researchers to conclude that supplementation with vitamins C and E inhibited the decline in pulmonary function induced in asthmatics by exposure to air pollutants. Also using a double-blind design, another study of 158 children with asthma living in Mexico City were randomly assigned to receive, a daily supplement containing 50 mg of vitamin E and 250 mg of vitamin C or a placebo.141 Tests results suggested that supplementing with vitamins C and E may reduce the adverse effect of ozone exposure on lung function of children with moderate to severe asthma.
Related Information
- Low-Allergen Diet
- Vitamin C
1. Blanc PD, Eisner MD, Israel L, Yelin EH. The association between occupation and asthma in general medical practice. Chest 1999;115:1259-64.
2. Mark A, Bjorksten B, Granstrom M. Immunoglobulin E responses to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids after booster with aluminium-adsorbed and fluid DT-vaccines. Vaccine 1995;13:669-73.
3. Mark A, Bjorksten B, Granstrom M. Immunoglobulin E and G antibodies two years after a booster dose of an aluminium-adsorbed or a fluid DT vaccine in relation to atopy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1997;8:83-7.
4. Odelram H, Granstrom M, Hedenskog S, et al. Immunoglobulin E and G responses to pertussis toxin after booster immunization in relation to atopy, local reactions and aluminium content of the vaccines. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1994;5:118-23.
5. Aebischer I, Stadler BM. TH1-TH2 cells in allergic responses: at the limits of a concept. Adv Immunol 1996;61:341-403 [review].
6. Sen DK, Arora S, Gupta S, Sanyal RK. Studies of adrenergic mechanisms in relation to histamine sensitivity in children immunized with Bordetella pertussis vaccine. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1974;54:25-31.
7. Hurwitz EL, Morgenstern H. Effects of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis or tetanus vaccination on allergies and allergy-related respiratory symptoms among children and adolescents in the United States. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000;23:81-90.
8. Camargo CA Jr, Weiss ST, Zhang S, et al. Prospective study of body mass index, weight change, and risk of adult-onset asthma in women. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:2582-8.
9. Stenius-Aarniala B, Poussa T, Kvarnstrom J, et al. Immediate and long term effects of weight reduction in obese people with asthma: randomised controlled study. BMJ 2000;320:827-32.
10. Bowler SD, Green A, Mitchell CA. Buteyko breathing techniques in asthma: a blinded randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust 1998;169:575-8.
11. Wickens K, Pearce N, Crane J, Beasley R. Antibiotic use in early childhood and the development of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 1999;29:766-71.
12. Farooqi IS, Hopkin JM. Early childhood infection and atopic disorder. Thorax 1998;53:927-32.
13. Youguang J. Clinical applications of point Futu. J Tradit Chin Med 1986;6:6-8.
14. Minji W, Yancen Z. Clinical experience of Dr. Shao Jingming in treatment of diseases by puncturing back-shu points. J Tradit Chin Med 1996;16:23-6.
15. Zang J. Immediate antiasthmatic effect of acupuncture in 192 cases of bronchial asthma. J Tradit Chin Med 1990;10:89-93.
16. Sternfeld M, Fink A, Bentwich Z, Eliraz A. The role of acupuncture in asthma: changes in airways dynamics and LTC4 induced LAI. Am J Chin Med 1989;17:129-34.
17. Zwolfer W, Keznickl-Hillebrand W, Spacek A, et al. Beneficial effect of acupuncture on adult patients with asthma bronchiale. Am J Chin Med 1993;2:113-7.
18. Kleijnen J, ter Riet G, Knipschild P. Acupuncture and asthma: a review of controlled trials. Thorax 1991;46:799-802 [review].
19. Jobst KA. Acupuncture in asthma and pulmonary disease: an analysis of efficacy and safety. J Altern Complement Med 1996;2:179-206 [review].
20. Biernacki W, Peake MD. Acupuncture in treatment of stable asthma. Respir Med 1998;92:1143-5.
21. Medici TC. Acupuncture and bronchial asthma. Forsch Komplementarmed 1999;6 Suppl 1:26-8 [in German].
22. Renaud C, Pinchette D. Chiropractic management of bronchial asthma: a literature review. J Chiropractic 1990;27:25-6 [review].
23. Dennis D, Golden D. Manipulative therapy, an alternative treatment for asthma: a literature review. Chiropractic: The Journal of Chiropractic Research, Study and Clinical Investigation 1992;8(2)40-1 [review].
24. Ziegler R, Carpenter D. The chiropractic approach to the treatment of asthma: a literature review. J Chiropractic 1992:29(6):71-3 [review].
25. Nielsen NH, Bronfort, G. Bendix T. et al. Chronic asthma and chiropractic spinal manipulation: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Exp Allergy 1995, 25(1):80-8.
26. Balon J, Aker PD, Crowther ER, et al. A comparison of active and simulated chiropractic manipulation as adjunctive treatment for childhood asthma. N Engl J Med 1998 339(15):1013-20.
27. Forastiere F, Pistelli R, Sestini P, et al. Consumption of fresh fruit rich in vitamin C and wheezing symptoms in children. SIDRIA Collaborative Group, Italy (Italian Studies on Respiratory Disorders in Children and the Environment). Thorax 2000;55:283-8.
28. Lindahl O, Lindwall L, Spangberg A, et al. Vegan regimen with reduced medication in the treatment of bronchial asthma. J Asthma 1985;22:45-55.
29. Javaid A, Cushley MJ, Bone MF. Effect of dietary salt on bronchial reactivity to histamine in asthma. BMJ 1988;297:454.
30. Burney PG, Neild JE, Twort CH, et al. Effect of changing dietary sodium on the airway response to histamine. Thorax 1989;44:36-41.
31. Carey OJ, Locke C, Cookson JB. Effect of alterations of dietary sodium on the severity of asthma in men. Thorax 1993;48:714-8.
32. Medici TC, Schmid AZ, Hacki M, Vetter W. Are asthmatics salt-sensitive? A preliminary controlled study. Chest 1993;104:1138-43.
33. Gotshall RW, Mickleborough TD, Cordain L. Dietary salt restriction improves pulmonary function in exercise-induced asthma. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:1815-9.
34. Fogarty A, Britton J. The role of diet in the aetiology of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2000;30:615-27.
35. Genton C, Frei PC, Pecoud A. Value of oral provocation tests to aspirin and food additives in the routine investigation of asthma and chronic urticaria. J Asthma 1985;76:40-5.
36. Townes SJ, Mellis CM. Role of acetyl salicylic acid and sodium metabisulfite in chronic childhood asthma. Pediatrics 1984;73:631-7.
37. Chiaramonte LT, Altman D. Food sensitivity in asthma: perception and reality. J Asthma 1991;28:5-9.
38. Rowe AH, Young EJ. Bronchial asthma due to food allergy alone in ninety-five patients. JAMA 1959;169:1158.
39. Sampson HA, Mendelson L, Rosen JP. Fatal and near-fatal anaphylactic reactions to food in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med 1992;327:380.
40. Kumar SS, Shanmugasundaram KR. Amrita Bindu-an antioxidant inducer therapy in asthma children. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;90:105-14.
41. Neuman I, Nahum H, Ben-Amotz A. Prevention of exercise-induced asthma by a natural isomer mixture of beta-carotene. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1999;82:549-53.
42. Gupta I, Gupta V, Parihar A, et al. Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients with bronchial asthma: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical study. Eur J Med Res 1998;3:511-4.
43. REF:Lee DK, Haggart K, Robb FM, Lipworth BJ. Butterbur, a herbal remedy, confers complementary anti-inflammatory activity in asthmatic patients receiving inhaled corticosteroids. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34:110-4.
44. Danesch UC. Petasites hybridus (butterbur root) extract in the treatment of asthma-an open trial. Altern Med Rev 2004;9:54-62.
45. Arm JP, Horton CE, Eiser NM, et al. The effects of dietary supplementation with fish oil on asthmatic responses to antigen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1988;81:183 [abstract #57].
46. Mickleborough TD, Lindley MR, Ionescu AA, Fly AD. Protective effect of fish oil supplementation on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma. Chest2006;129:39-49.
47. Broughton KS, Johnson CS, Pace BK, et al. Reduced asthma symptoms with n-3 fatty acid ingestion are related to 5-series leukotriene production. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65:1011-7.
48. Dry J, Vincent D. Effect of a fish oil diet on asthma: results of a 1-year double-blind study. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1991;95:156-7.
49. Thien FC, Woods RK, Waters EH. Oily fish and asthma-a fishy story? Med J Aust 1996;164:135-6 [editorial].
50. Fogarty A, Britton J. The role of diet in the aetiology of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2000;30:615-27.
51. Hodge L, Salome CM, Peat JK, et al. Consumption of oily fish and childhood asthma risk. Med J Austral 1996;164:137-40.
52. Nagakura T, Matsuda S, Shichijyo K, et al. Dietary supplementation with fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with bronchial asthma. Eur Respir J 2000;16:861-5.
53. Emelyanov A, Fedoseev G, Krasnoschekova O, et al. Treatment of asthma with lipid extract of New Zealand green-lipped mussel: a randomised clinical trial. Eur Respir J 2002;20:596-600.
54. Palit G, Singh SP, Singh N, et al. An experimental evaluation of antiasthmatic plant drugs from the ancient ayurvedic medicine. Asp Aller Appl Immunol 1983;16:36-41.
55. Singh SP, Sinha KN, Singh N, Kohli RP. Inula racemosa (Puskarmal), Terminalia belerica (Vibhitaki) and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) - a preliminary clinical trial in asthma patients. Proc Int Sem Clin Pharmacol Devel Count 1986;1:18-21.
56. Dixit KS, Singh SP, Sinha KN, et al. Inula racemosa (puskarmal), Terminalia belerica (Bibhitaka) and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) - a preliminary clinical trial in asthma patients. Proc Int Sem Clin Pharmacol Devel Count 1986;2:22-27.
57. Mansfeld HJ, Höhre H, Repges R, Dethlefsen U. Therapy of bronchial asthma with dried ivy leaf extract. Münch Med Wschr 1998;140:32-6.
58. Neuman I, Nahum H, Ben-Amotz A. Reduction of exercise-induced asthma oxidative stress by lycopene, a natural antioxidant. Allergy 2000;55:1184-9.
59. Haury VG. Blood serum magnesium in bronchial asthma and its treatment by the administration of magnesium sulfate. J Lab Clin Med 1940;26:340-4.
60. Skobeloff EM, Spivey WH, McNamara RM, Greenspon L. Intravenous magnesium sulfate for the treatment of acute asthma in the emergency department. JAMA 1989;262:1210-3.
61. Brunner EH, Delabroise AM, Haddad ZH. Effect of parenteral magnesium on pulmonary function, plasma cAMP, and histamine in bronchial asthma. J Asthma 1985;22:3-11.
62. Rolla G, Bucca C, Caria E, et al. Acute effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate on airway obstruction of asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy 1988;61:388-91.
63. Hill JM, Britton J. Effect of intravenous magnesium sulphate on airway calibre and airway reactivity to histamine in asthmatic subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996;42:629-31.
64. Bernstein WK, Khastgir T, Khastgir A, et al. Lack of effectiveness of magnesium in chronic stable asthma. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in normal subjects and in patients with chronic stable asthma. Arch Intern Med 1995;155:271-6.
65. Rylander R, Dahlberg C, Rubenowitz E. Magnesium supplementation decreases airway responsiveness among hyperreactive subjects. Magnesium-Bulletin 1997;19:4-6.
66. Hill J, Micklewright A, Lewis S, Britton J. Investigation of the effect of short-term change in dietary magnesium intake in asthma. Eur Respir J 1997;10:2225-9.
67. Gontijo-Amaral C, Ribeiro MAGO, Gontijo LSC, et al. Oral magnesium supplementation in asthmatic children: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007;61:54-60.
68. Rajaram D. A preliminary clinical trial of Picrorrhiza kurroa in bronchial asthma. Indian J Pharmacol 1975;7:95-6.
69. Shan BK, Kamat SR, Sheth UK. Preliminary report of use of Picrorrhiza kurroa root in bronchial asthma. J Postgrad Med 1977;23:118-20.
70. Doshi VB, Shetye VM, Mahashur AA, Kamat SR. Picrorrhiza kurroa in bronchial asthma. J Postgrad Med 1983;29:89-95.
71. Lau BH, Riesen SK, Truong KP, et al. Pycnogenol as an adjunct in the management of childhood asthma. J Asthma 2004;41:825-32.
72. Kimura I. Immunologic aspects of kampo medicine. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993;685:529-42.
73. Egashira Y, Nagano H. A multicenter clinical trial of TJ-96 in patients with steroid-dependent bronchial asthma. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993;685:580-3.
74. Nakajima S, Tohda Y, Ohkawa K, et al. Effects of saiboku-to (TJ-96) on bronchial asthma. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993;685:549-60.
75. Bielroy L, Lupoli K. Herbal interventions in asthma and allergy. J Asthma 1999;36:1-65 [review].
76. Stone J, Hinks LJ, Beasley R, et al. Reduced selenium status of patients with asthma. Clin Sci 1989;77:495-500.
77. Flatt A, Pearce N, Thomson CD, et al. Reduced selenium in asthmatic subjects in New Zealand. Thorax 1990;45:95-9.
78. Kadrabova J, Mad'aric A, Kovacikova Z, et al. Selenium status is decreased in patients with intrinsic asthma. Biol Trace Elem Res 1996;52:241-8.
79. Misso NL, Powers KA, Gillon RL, et al. Reduced platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and serum selenium concentration in atopic asthmatic patients. Clin Exp Allergy 1996;26:838-47.
80. Shaw R, Woodman K, Crane J, et al. Risk factors for asthma symptoms in Kawerau children. N Z Med J 1994;107:387-91.
81. Owen S, Pearson D, Suarez-Mendez V, et al. Evidence of free-radical activity in asthma. N Engl J Med 1991;325:586-7 [letter].
82. Hasselmark L, Malmgren R, Zetterstrom O, Unge G. Selenium supplementation in intrinsic asthma. Allergy 1993;48:30-6.
83. Shivpuri DN, Menon MPS, Prakash D. A crossover double-blind study on Tylophora indica in the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis. J Allergy 1969;43:145-50.
84. Shivpuri DN, Singhal SC, Parkash D. Treatment of asthma with an alcoholic extract of Tylophora indica: a cross-over, double-blind study. Ann Allergy 1972;30:407-12.
85. Thiruvengadam KV, Haranatii K, Sudarsan S, et al. Tylophora indica in bronchial asthma: a controlled comparison with a standard anti-asthmatic drug. J Indian Med Assoc 1978;71:172-6.
86. Gupta S, George P, Gupta V, et al. Tylophora indica in bronchial asthma-a double blind study. Ind J Med Res 1979;69:981-9.
87. Collipp PJ, Chen SY, Sharma RK, et al. Tryptophane metabolism in bronchial asthma. Ann Allergy 1975;35:153-8.
88. Weir MR, Keniston RC, Enriquez JI, McNamee GA. Depression of vitamin B6 levels due to theophylline. Ann Allergy 1990;65:59-62.
89. Collipp PJ, Goldzier S III, Weiss N, et al. Pyridoxine treatment of childhood bronchial asthma. Ann Allergy 1975;35:93-7.
90. Reynolds RD, Natta CL. Depressed plasma pyridoxal phosphate concentrations in adult asthmatics. Am J Clin Nutr 1985;41:684-8.
91. Sur S, Camara M, Buchmeier A, et al. Double-blind trial of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) in the treatment of steroid-dependent asthma. Ann Allergy 1993;70:141-52.
92. Zuskin E, Valic F, Bouhuys A. Byssinosis and airway responses due to exposure to textile dust. Lung 1976;154:17-24.
93. Bucca C, Rolla G, Oliva A, Farina JC. Effect of vitamin C on histamine bronchial responsiveness of patients with allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy 1990;65:311-4.
94. Schachter EN, Schlesinger A. The attenuation of exercise-induced bronchospasm by ascorbic acid. Ann Allergy 1982;49:146-51.
95. Tecklenburg SL, Mickleborough TD, Fly AD, et al. Ascorbic acid supplementation attenuates exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma. Respir Med 2007;Apr 4:Epub ahead of print.
96. Mohsenin V, Dubois AB, Douglas JS. Effect of ascorbic acid on response to methacholine challenge in asthmatic subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983;127:143-7.
97. Zuskin E, Lewis AJ, Bouhuys A. Inhibition of histamine-induced airway constriction by ascorbic acid. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1973;51:218-26.
98. Ting S, Mansfield LE, Yarbrough J. Effects of ascorbic acid on pulmonary functions in mild asthma. J Asthma 1983;20:39-42.
99. Malo JL, Cartier A, Pineau L, et al. Lack of acute effects of ascorbic acid on spirometry and airway responsiveness to histamine in subjects with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1986;78:1153-8.
100. Kordansky DW, Rosenthal RR, Norman PS. The effect of vitamin C on antigen-induced bronchospasm. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1979;63:61-4.
101. Anah CO, Jarike LN, Baig HA. High dose ascorbic acid in Nigerian asthmatics. Trop Geogr Med 1980;32:132-7.
102. Ruskin SL. Sodium ascorbate in the treatment of allergic disturbances. The role of adrenal cortical hormone-sodium-vitamin C. Am J Dig Dis 1947;14:302-6.
103. Urashima M, Segawa T, Okazaki M, et al. Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza A in schoolchildren. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:1255-60.
104. Castro M, King TS, Kunselman SJ, et al. Effect of vitamin D3 on asthma treatment failures in adults with symptomatic asthma and lower vitamin D levels: the VIDA randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2014;311:2083-91.
105. Bray GW. The hypochlorhydria of asthma in childhood. Q J Med 1931;24:181-97.
106. Schafer A, Adelman B. Plasma inhibition of platelet function and of arachidonic acid metabolism. J Clin Invest 1985;75:456-61.
107. Bauer K, Dietersdorfer F, Sertl K, et al. Pharmacodynamic effects of inhaled dry powder formulations of fenoterol and colforsin in asthma. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993;43:76-83.
108. Huerta M, Urzua Z, Trujillo X, et al. Forskolin compared with beclomethasone for prevention of asthma attacks: a single-blind clinical trial. J Int Med Res 2010;38:661-8.
109. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, 222-4.
110. Guinot P, Brambilla C, Dunchier J, et al. Effect of BN 52063, a specific PAF-ascether antagonist, on bronchial provocation test to allergens in asthmatic patients-a preliminary study. Prostaglandins 1987;34:723-31.
111. Li M, Yang B, Yu H, Zhang H. Clinical observation of the therapeutic effect of ginkgo leaf concentrated oral liquor on bronchial asthma. Chinese J Integrative & Western Med 1997;3:264-7.
112. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, 222-4.
113. Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American Dispensatory, 18th ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1898, 1983, 1199-205.
114. Ellingwood F. American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy, 11th ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1919, 1998, 235-42.
115. Weiss RF. Herbal Medicine. Gothenberg, Sweden: Ab Arcanum and Beaconsfield: Beaconsfield Publishers Ltd, 1985:221-2 [trans. Meuss AR].
116. Al-Biltagi M, Isa M, Bediwy AS, et al. L-Carnitine improves the asthma control in children with moderate persistent asthma. J Allergy (Cairo) 2012;2012:509730.
117. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, 222-4.
118. Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American Dispensatory, 18th ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1898, 1983, 1199-205.
119. Ellingwood F. American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy, 11th ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1919, 1998, 235-42.
120. Weiss RF. Herbal Medicine. Gothenberg, Sweden: Ab Arcanum and Beaconsfield: Beaconsfield Publishers Ltd, 1985:221-2 [trans. Meuss AR].
121. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, 222-4.
122. Anibarro B, Caballero T, Garcia-Ara C, et al. Asthma with sulfite intolerance in children: A blocking study with cyanocobalamin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992;90:103-9.
123. Johnson JL, Wuebbens MM, Mandell R, Shih VE. Molybdenum cofactor deficiency in a patient previously characterized as deficient in sulfite oxidase. Biochem Med Metabol Biol 1988;40:86-93.
124. Sardesai VM. Molybdenum: an essential trace element. Nutr Clin Pract 1993;8:277-81.
125. Moss M. Effects of molybdenum on pain and general health: a pilot study. J Nutr Environ Med 1995;5:55-61.
126. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, 222-4.
127. Dorsch W, Ettl M, Hein G, et al. Anti-asthmatic effects of onions: inhibition of platelet-activating factor-induced bronchial construction by onion oils. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1987;82:535-6.
128. Valdivieso R, Subiza J, Varela-Losada S, et al. Bronchial asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and contact dermatitis caused by onion. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994;94:928-30.
129. Welton AF, Tobias LD, Fiedler-Nagy C, et al. Effect of flavonoids on arachidonic acid metabolism. Prog Clin Biol Res 1986;213:231-42.
130. Cazzola P, Mazzanti P, Bossi G. In vivo modulating effect of a calf thymus acid lysate on human T lymphocyte subsets and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the course of different diseases. Curr Ther Res 1987;42:1011-7.
131. Kouttab NM, Prada M, Cazzola P. Thymomodulin: Biological properties and clinical applications. Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother 1989;6:5-9 [review].
132. Genova R, Guerra A. A thymus extract (thymomodulin) in the prevention of childhood asthma. Pediatr Med Chir 1983;5:395-402.
133. Bagnato A, Brovedani P, Comina P, et al. Long-term treatment with thymomodulin reduces airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Ann Allergy 1989;62:425-8.
134. Anibarro B, Caballero T, Garcia-Ara C, et al. Asthma with sulfite intolerance in children: A blocking study with cyanocobalamin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992;90:103-9.
135. Johnson JL, Wuebbens MM, Mandell R, Shih VE. Molybdenum cofactor deficiency in a patient previously characterized as deficient in sulfite oxidase. Biochem Med Metabol Biol 1988;40:86-93.
136. Sardesai VM. Molybdenum: an essential trace element. Nutr Clin Pract 1993;8:277-81.
137. Moss M. Effects of molybdenum on pain and general health: a pilot study. J Nutr Environ Med 1995;5:55-61.
138. Ames BN, Shigenaga MK, Hagen TM. Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1993;90:7915-22.
139. Grievink L, Zijlstra AG, Ke X, Brunekreef B. Double-blind intervention trial on modulation of ozone effects on pulmonary function by antioxidant supplements. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:306-14.
140. Trenga CA, Koenig JQ, Williams PV. Dietary antioxidants and ozone-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adults with asthma. Arch Environ Health 2001;56:242-9.
141. Romieu I, Sienra-Monge JJ, Ramirez-Aguilar M, Tellez-Rojo MM, Moreno-Macias H, Reyes-Ruiz NI, et al. Antioxidant supplementation and lung functions among children with asthma exposed to high levels of air pollutants. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;166:703-9.
- Top of Page
Next Section:About
Previous Section:About This Condition
- Top of Page
Next Section:Eating Right
Previous Section:About
- Top of Page
Next Section:Supplements
Previous Section:Eating Right
- Top of Page
Next Section:Related Information
Previous Section:Supplements
- Top of Page
Next Section:References
Previous Section:Related Information
- Top of Page
Next Section:
Previous Section:References
- Top of Page
Last Review: 06-08-2015
Copyright © 2015 Aisle7. All rights reserved. Aisle7.com
Learn more about Aisle7, the company.
The information presented in Aisle7 is for informational purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. Self-treatment is not recommended for life-threatening conditions that require medical treatment under a doctor's care. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over the counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires June 2016.
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.
Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.


text:
There are some among the British voting public who have rather weird ideas concerning their right to know what is happening in Parliament and how does their MP address their needs. Of course, this attitude is not shared by all members of Parliament. After all, they were elected to serve, and it is only fair that in return for this generous service on their part, the public should provide service to them in the form of money. Conservative MP, Anthony Steen, is upset about public demands to examine how money allocated to MPs for lodging should be subject to scrutiny by anyone other than the MP. He is furious at charges he misused $16,000 over a four year period on maintenance of his country estate, especially the 500 trees.
MP Steen charges the British public is simply "jealous" of his trees, "jealous," he has a nice country home, and they have no right to snoop into his tax returns in order to find out how public money was spent. He is an MP for goodness sake, he would not abuse the public trust! It is at times such as these that one can only wonder why hard working men like Anthony Steen ever place their name on a ballot. Did the damn public expect him to take care of 500 trees? God Bless The Queen, and the money that goes with serving the public.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
'The Sabres need to win on Saturday. If they don't, they'll have to go into the snake den that is the First Union Center having lost two straight games and blown a 3-1 lead to a talented team with a solid goalie. And, in the playoffs, that's a recipe for disaster.'
Defeat puts pressure on the Sabres
April 20, 2001 Submitted by
Via: Olean Times Herald


text:
Has anyone here bought a jet pack kit from that guy on ebay listed as "Star Wars Prop Boba Fett costume Jet Pack Kit" for $240? I'm wondering how it is regarding the quality of the cast and such. The guy seems to have positive feedback, but something just doesn't seem right about the whole thing. I think I may have seen that picture in his auction before somewhere.
Sorry in advance for being overly paranoid.


text:
'If Bassin buys the team, there's a darned good chance one Ted Nolan will be back behind the Sabres' bench, smart suits and all. You looking for percentages? Try roughly 99.99 percent Nolan will return to Buffalo this season.'
Team Bassin would include Ted Nolan
August 13, 2002 Submitted by
Via: Buffalo News


text:
Last edited by Odeezee; 2011-11-04 at 01:08 PM.
Cherish the quiet...before my STORM!!!
Guild Wars 2: Odeezee (Necromancer) || TERA: Odeezee (Archer-Ret) || SWTOR: Odeezee (Sith Inquisitor-Ret/Jedi Sage-Ret) || GW: Odeezee Fosho (Elementalist-Ret)
Aion: Odeezee (Sorcerer-Ret), ODZ (Spirit Master-Ret) || War: Odeezee (Sorcerer-Ret) || AoC: Odeezee (Demonologist-Ret) || WoW: Odeezee (Druid-Ret), Thaone (Mage-Ret)
All i know is im gonna spend the crap out of the in game shop as my monthly sub fee......
Was there any word at all on what they are going to be selling?
This post is worth reading and generally states some important things about their business model:
Particularly, scroll down to the "Don't count on Subscriptions" portion.
Last edited by Niwoe; 2011-11-06 at 04:16 PM.
Of course the sales will pay off. Games like TF2 that have gone free to play with cosmetic cash shop items have actually made MORE money after doing so.
If you want to make a better argument, you should ask if I had any plans on buying Diablo 3. Which is NO,I didn't. The "Hey you can have it for free, and a mount and a beta invite if you make this commintement" was ENOUGH of an offer to make me say, Sure I'll commit to 1 more year right now, cause I plan on subbing anyways.
Should WoW still be $15 a month ? No, they should be down to around $5, at least below $10. And Xpacs should be no more than $20, if not free. But, it's pretty obvious that the overall population still finds it's acceptable and like any company out there, Blizzard will continue charging what people are willing to pay. You think your ISP wouldn't love to go back to the AoL days and charge per hour or like they are trying now and charge per gigabit ? If GW2 steals away 50% of the player base, Blizzard will do what all other companies do and change to compete.
Last edited by Mad_Murdock; 2011-11-06 at 05:23 PM.
Between box sales and the in-game vanity shop I'm sure that they won't be hurting for revenue. Especially with how well they're showing at different gaming conventions.
Sentinel PVE Basics for the two Specs that matterOriginally Posted by SW:TOR
Well that particular deal is good if you had planned on playing WoW for a year anyway. If all you wanted is to play Diablo 3 then yeah, certainly not worth it.
Last edited by Mad_Murdock; 2011-11-06 at 05:58 PM.
Pay close attention to complexity creep. Don't assume that most of your players are reading your website and consuming information about your game. Most of your players will never read your website, never visit fansites, and never participate in forum discussions. We are often immersed in the community forums and rants and raves posted to game fansites, and it is easy to lose perspective about the knowledge level of most of our players. Players who participate in fansites and send six-page emails to your community team are experts at your game – they probably know more about it than you do – so it's important to realize that they do not represent the average player. The vast majority of your players are not digging into every detail of every spell or creating lists of animations so that they can react when they see the basilisk twitch its nose. They want to play, not study, so take care to create a game that allows them to do so.
Lol @ silent majority.
More on topic, the servers in GW1 were also set up to reduce server fees. And there original model was to release expansion quickly, to make up for no sub fees. Now with servers and bandwidth costing next to nothing, they can push out a persistent mmo with no monthly fee. At the time WoW, EQ and other mmo's needed that monthly fee, should WoW and others lowered there monthly fee as servers and bandwidth prices lowered sure. But that sure has heck was not going to happen, not when there player base kept growing more and more.
Well, the thing is they release maultiple expansions all for 60$. So we may see an expansion every 6months-a year. If there were an expansion every 6 months then we would be paying 30$ less than a 15$ sub fee every 6 months.
If curiosity killed the cat, why can't speculation kill you?
Worked for GW1, and with a no doubt larger cash shop than GW1 had, I'm sure it will work for GW2.
That and frequent expansions.
I totally agree with Wolfy.


text:
Click for "Microbes After Hours" videos
What kind of scientist are you?
Specifically, I'm a bacteriologist. My job is to look at various types of bacteria that cause stomach and intestinal infections and wound infections.
Please briefly describe your main research interests and activities.
I'm interested in studying what mechanisms or factors are produced by bacteria that aid those bacteria in causing disease. We could cure people or prevent them from getting sick if we could understand the mechanisms for causing disease.
I feel my role, working toward understanding and curing diseases, is just as important as that of the doctor who works toward treating disease. The discoveries that research scientists make have an impact on millions of people if we can figure out how to cure a disease. While we may not touch patients directly, we have an indirect impact on patients by developing vaccines and ways to make disease-causing microbes less harmful.
When did you realize you wanted to be a scientist? What sparked your interest?
I realized I was particularly interested in the sciences probably when I was in late elementary school. I'd become fascinated just watching an ant crawl up a blade of grass. I remember creating my own ant farms with Mason jars filled with dirt. My mother always walked into my bedroom very cautiously because she never knew what I may have found and decided to bring home that day. By the time I was in junior high, I had already participated in a science fair and won first prize. I've always had a curiosity in what makes life work.
What are the most interesting problems or projects you've worked on?
When I was a graduate student I worked on a toxin, or poison, produced by a bacterium called Streptococcus pyogenes. I was able to help determine what roles it plays in causing disease. I've always worked with bacterial toxins and my main goal is to understand the role these toxins play in disease.
What training did you need to reach your current position? What degrees do you hold?
I did my undergraduate work at Oklahoma State University where I received a Bachelor of Science degree in microbiology. I went on to receive a Master's degree in biology from OSU and ultimately a Ph.D. in microbiology and immunology at the University of Oklahoma Health Science Center. After that I spent two years in post-doctoral training at the University of Texas Medical Branch before becoming a faculty member, which is where I work today.
If you like biology, you must be willing to take a lot of chemistry. I remember when I was growing up, I thought those were two separate disciplines and I couldn't understand the need to learn chemistry if I was going into the biological sciences. I now realize these subjects are intertwined. You cannot separate biochemistry from microbiology or distinguish between molecular biology and cell biology. You must have knowledge of all the disciplines in the life sciences if you're going to be a successful researcher. All those principles will be used in everyday research in the lab.
Math and science don't have to be boring or difficult. It's how we pursue it that makes a difference in whether it's exciting or boring. Good instructors made all the difference in the world as to whether I found a subject interesting or not.
Do you tend to work independently or do you usually work with a team of researchers?
At my institution, it's encouraged that the clinicians and the basic researchers work together on projects. Other people in health sciences as well team up on projects to more effectively address issues.
What kinds of equipment do you use?
We use an electron microscope to magnify bacteria several thousand times to get a better feel for their characteristics. It's very intriguing, because you feel like you're unfolding some of nature's secrets. There's a world that none of us can see with the naked eye, but it's a world full of intrigue. This equipment opens up a whole new door to what life has in store here on Earth.
Do you travel much?
When you become a successful microbiologist and publish your research in well-known journals, people begin to request that you come to their institutions to present in seminars. The opportunities to travel to national and international seminars, conferences and workshops are very rewarding.
Do you work a standard 8-hour day or one that's longer or shorter?
I can definitely say it's longer. Most scientists work strange hours and long hours. I don't know what it means to watch the clock and hope that 5:00 arrives. The time you put in is well worth it. You don't even realize the time is passing. I personally like the flexible hours.
What are the best parts of being a microbiologist?
It's exhilerating when you break through a challenge and unlock some of nature's secrets. There's no better reward.
The ability to chart new paths as a pioneer is something very exciting. What we're doing now generates the material for the textbooks of the future; we're writing new history.
What are the drawbacks?
You must have patience and discipline. Every time you get the answer to a problem, it opens up three or four more questions that need to be answered. Sometimes the answers to very difficult questions don't come easily. It requires persistance and determination to solve some of these questions.
You must be organized and disciplined so your research doesn't become all-consuming and take up all of your time. You have to keep a well-balanced life. You can do that by having other interests, such as entertainment or music.
Some of the drawbacks depend on where you work—in academia or industry or the government—each has pluses and minuses. But the bottomline, I think, is that the pluses outweigh the minuses.
Do you have any advice for young people who are interested in microbiology?
I'd suggest that they get some microbiology books and look through them and that they check around their school and community and see if there are any science enrichment programs they could participate in. For example, at the University of Texas Medical Branch we have tours of the campus for middle school students and elementary students. I don't think anytime is too early to expose children to aspects of a scientific career.
I'd encourage them to participate in science fairs and get involved in science clubs at their schools. I'd also suggest that they do volunteer work over the summer in a research laboratory to get as much practical and realistic experience as they can in the field so they have a good basis for making career decisions.
It's a good idea to find programs that talk about career options to survey all the career possibilities out there before they actually make a decision.


text:
'In one summer, the Sabres have been transformed into a major-market team. Fans have to get used to paying a little more to see one. For the most part, there are still plenty of good deals to be had, especially in the 300 level of HSBC Arena. There's just not as many as folks might have gotten used to.'
Thinking big still comes with price tag
July 26, 2011 Submitted by
Via: Buffalo News


text:
Fox's Demonization Of Government Programs Is Failing
Blog ››› ››› EMILY ARROWOOD
Fox News' concerted campaign against government social programs is not resonating with the American people, according to a new NBC/WSJ poll.
An October NBC News/Wall Street Journal survey determined that a majority of Americans now favor the government doing more, not less, to solve problems and meet the needs of the public. This finding runs counter to the Republican party's desire for limited government, as NBC explained:
As the [Republican] party has used the shutdown and fiscal fight to campaign against the nation's health-care law and for limited government, the poll shows those efforts have backfired.
And by a 52-percent-to-44 percent difference, respondents believe the government should do more to solve problems. Back in June, the public was split, 48 percent to 48 percent, on whether the government should do more or less.
The poll found that support for increased government intervention jumped during the 16-day government shutdown forced by the House of Represenative's tea party faction:
These results should be especially interesting to Fox News -- long before it was championing a government shutdown, the network was leading the charge against government programs and regulation. Fox has tirelessly demonized federal social programs and disparaged those they help, a campaign that does not appear to have had much effect upon the opinions of the public at large.
Here are some of Fox's most strident attacks:
Fox campaigns tirelessly against the federal minimum wage requirement for private businesses. According to Fox, any increase in the wage creates drastic job losses for small businesses and results in the automation of entry-level service work.
Some at the network have even posited that raising the wage rewards mediocrity.
In apparent attempts to downplay the necessity of the federal requirement, Fox argues that it's mostly teenagers who comprise minimum wage earners, not people expecting to earn a living, and regardless the minimum wage has already been sufficiently raised.
Economists disagree -- as the Center for Economic and Policy Research explained, raising the minimum wage has no "discernible impact" on employment, and in fact, wage increases often result in more jobs rather than less. Adjusting for inflation, the real value of the minimum wage has declined eight percent since 2009, a fact which drives growing income inequality and places an extraordinary financial burden on the millions of adults -- not teenagers -- who depend on these jobs to survive.
Of the many attacks Fox has lobbed at the Affordable Care Act (ACA or Obamacare), one of the loudest is that the ACA constitutes an unnecessary and dangerous government intervention into Americans' private lives. The network has deemed the act "socialized medicine" and a "government takeover of health care," claiming that not only is it unconstitutional, it marks "the end of America as you know it." One Fox contributor even accused the ACA of being "the worst thing that has happened in this nation since slavery," adding, "it is slavery, in a way."
Of course, with no government option, the ACA relies on private insurance companies to provide health care coverage. Rather than amounting to "a government takeover of health care" -- a line PolitiFact named its 2010 Lie of the Year -- the ACA will actually bring new business to the private insurance industry.
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, is one of Fox's favorite government programs to demonize, painting recipients as free loaders who deserve more stigma for receiving benefits. Network figures have claimed SNAP keeps people in poverty and operates merely as a means of buying votes. When complaining about the program's historically low levels of fraud grew tiresome, Fox hypothesized that the rate of SNAP fraud actually was 5,000 percent higher.
Unsurprisingly, Fox actively campaigns for recipients to be pushed off the program, encouraging a House vote to cut nearly $40 million of its funding.
What Fox doesn't admit is that economists consider SNAP "one of the most effective forms of economic stimulus," according to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. The program kept nearly five million Americans out of poverty in 2011, more than half of whom are children and the elderly. And despite Fox's fearmongering, fraud in SNAP benefits is approximately only one percent, one of the lowest levels of fraud out of all government programs.
Fox News hated the federal government's successful $50 billion bailout of the automobile industry, arguing GM and Chrysler should have gone through private bankruptcy proceedings instead. Fox contributor Karl Rove decried the use of "taxpayer money " to "restructure GM and Chrysler by fiat." Then-Fox host Glenn Beck thought the federal bailout represented the "death of the constitution" and compared it to the actions of German companies "in the early days of Adolf Hitler."
In the end, the bailout spared an estimated 1.4 million auto industry jobs in 2009 alone. And experts agree that it would not have been possible for GM and Chrysler to rely solely on private financing in 2008 and 2009, due to the global financial crisis.
- Posted In
- Government
- Network/Outlet
- Fox News Channel
Instructions for signing up and claiming your comment history are located here.
Updated rules for commenting are here.


text:
A Chat with Peter Bailey
By Tania Holland
"I'm really not that great a chef."
Ladies and gentlemen, please meet the ever-so-humble and very funny chef to the stars (Muse included!), Mr Peter Bailey. Pete very kindly agreed to meet up for a chat with me following a busy day in Perth preparing meals for none other than the visiting royalty of rock, Queen, currently touring the planet with the talented Adam Lambert. I originally had the naiveté to call this meeting an interview, but as we chatted into the wee hours of the morning following the gig at Perth Arena, I felt more like I was catching up with an old mate.
However, questions were asked and answers were given. We'll start at the beginning, shall we?
Originally from Surrey, Peter made the decision to enter the food industry while still at secondary school when given cooking as an optional choice. After receiving much ridicule from his mates about taking a 'girls' subject', teenaged Peter smugly agreed that yes, he would be the only boy in a class of girls and wished his mates well in their all-male electives. Despite his hormonally influenced reasons for entering the industry, Peter moved on to study catering at Guildford College. He freely admits that he hated his time there with a passion, but eventually moved out into the world of employment.
His first major role was manager of catering at a golf club at the age of nineteen. While working there, he was offered the opportunity to tour as the chef for AC/DC. Being the practical and financially minded young man that he was, Peter declined, unwilling to enter a short-term contract situation. Before long, though, another offer emerged. A long-term stint travelling with Metallica. This time, he couldn't resist, and went on the road, kicking off a career in catering to the stars.
Since then, Pete has gone on to become the director of Feedback Event Cuisine, catering to high profile stars, bands and celebrities including Muse, Queen, Metallica, Valentino, Lady Victoria de Rothschild and Geri Halliwell, in England and on tour around the world.
- *
With the basics of Pete's career covered, we went on to look at some of the questions sent to me by Muse fans around the world. Here are some of the answers to the questions that could politely be asked of someone that I was meeting for the first time.
One aspect of Pete's work that fascinated many people was the equipment that he uses. In answering this question, Pete directed me to the Feedback Event Cuisine website, http://www.feedbackeventcuisine.com/index.html to see the clever mobile kitchens, bars and other units that are designed specifically to pack away into flight cases that go with him all over the world. These units contain the ovens and hobs along with cookware and servingware that he needs to serve his clients. Obviously these units can be set up at the venues, though Pete did say that he'd worked out of hotel rooms. On one occasion, his kitchen shared space with the makeshift gym for the band and got to witness Mr Bellamy doing strength training…with a tennis ball.
Pete estimated that he would physically circle the globe four to five times each year - a glamorous lifestyle indeed - visiting exotic places in the company of our musical idols. He has now confirmed that he'll be joining Muse on their 2015 festival dates. When asked about the reality of life on the road though, Peter revealed that it had its pros and cons.
Pete calls Cowes on the Isle of Wight home but enjoys travelling the world. Barcelona came up as a favourite city, though he said he could happily move to Sydney, which is home to some of his wife's family. He also gets a great deal of satisfaction working with his clients to determine their preferences in food, but likes to work in an intuitive fashion through casual conversation rather than through formal questionnaires or interviews. A client expressing pleased surprise that he has provided the perfect food using this technique is especially gratifying.
On the downside, extensive travelling means time away from his family, wife Charlie and young children, Matilda and Sebastian. Pete also cited loneliness as a problem on the road, a by-product of working long hours alone and not necessarily fitting into the socialising patterns of his colleagues and clients. Then, of course, there were the usual hitches that come with travelling such as jet-lag and accommodation issues.
Pete is passionate about supporting local industry, buying fresh produce for his creations with the assistance of his local runners and sometimes working in conjunction with local restaurants to source raw ingredients for meals for his clients. Also close to his heart is sustainability and waste reduction. In previous years, leftover food was supplied to the local homeless. Sadly, increasing regulation in many places has made this practice more difficult to implement.
Several people asked whether Peter had free reign over menus or whether food choices were dictated by his clients. The reality boils down to a little of both. As mentioned, Peter likes to get to know his clients' preferences intuitively, though he obviously takes into account food sensitivities when meal planning.
Pete had very little praise for one of frontman, Matt's requests - a local speciality while on tour in the deep south of the US. His eloquent description of Pecan-Crusted Catfish went along the lines of, "It tasted like trout wrapped in shit." Needless to say that when I asked which Muse member was the most adventurous in their food tastes, Matt emerged as a clear winner. He also took out the award for the biggest sweet tooth and the fastest eater. Matt's legendary love of pasta was confirmed, but Pete did say that he had recently cut back.
In answer to the question about what Muse drummer, Dominic Howard, eats to stay so fit, Pete says that Dominic is the most aware of what he puts in his mouth. He's the one who will go easy on dessert and makes the effort to work out regularly to look after himself.
Pete did say that Muse were fairly undemanding and quite happily ate whatever he provided. His work for them extends outside of touring, with catering also being provided for their events in London including private parties. He spoke very highly of the band members and it was clear that he enjoyed working with them.
On a more personal note, here are some of the things people were curious to know about Peter Bailey:
Favourite band – The Jam, The Who.
Favourite song – Cracklin' Rosie by Neil Diamond.
Favourite sporting team – Tottenham Hotspur. Incidentally, Pete, like Muse bassist, Chris Wolstenholme, is also a keen football player, and captains the Muse football team. He originally played rugby, switching to football at a later date.
Favourite car – Landrover Defender 110. In particular, the black one he owned that was stolen.
Favourite food – Italian anything.
Favourite family meal – Homemade fish fingers. Pete's children are the type that I'm personally unacquainted with, both enjoying their fruit and vegetables.
What would you be if you were not a chef? A policeman, of course.
To finish up, I have chosen a favourite anecdote.
My favourite Muse story would be that of the Mexico Chili Challenge. Bellamy prides himself on his ability to palate some pretty spicy creations. He invited Pete to do his worst in the chili stakes. The outcome of this challenge was a beast named "Arse-Reaper Chili Sauce". There were several other creations presented in this particular challenge to Muse and their support band in Mexico. The reactions to this stuff were severe to the point where normal bodily functions failed embarrassingly. One participant was reduced to drinking yogurt from the container in an effort to calm the fire when milk proved insufficient. Even Matt admitted defeat with this one.
This pretty much wrapped up our chat as Pete had to get to the airport the next morning to organise the loading of pre-prepared food onto Queen's private jet. I am particularly grateful to him for agreeing to meet me and for being so warm and forthcoming as I bombarded him with questions and sincerely hope that I get to repeat the experience on his next trip to Australia.


text:
In the end, everything boils down to training for Jose Aldo.
The UFC featherweight champion believes he's found areas where opponent Chad Mendes is exposed to his brand of violence, and he admits there are places – one, really – where he'd like to avoid.
"But really what it comes down to being well-trained and seeing if the training was well worth it, and if what I saw was really going to (help me) impose my game," Aldo today said through translator Derek Lee.
Aldo (20-1 MMA, 2-0 UFC) looks to make the third defense of his title when he meets Mendes (11-0 MMA, 2-0 UFC) in the headliner of UFC 142 at HSBC Arena in Rio de Janeiro. The bout caps the pay-per-view main card while preliminary-card bouts air live on FX.
The Brazilian champ invited Gray Maynard to his camp to help prepare for that place he wants to avoid: the mat. Although Aldo's camp, Nova Uniao, wrestles on a regular basis, the training lacks the perspective brought from an American with such a decorated amateur resume as the two-time lightweight challenger's.
"We've been training wrestling for some time, but I needed a guy well-versed guy who's been training wrestling his whole life to kind of clear up things," Aldo said. "I felt like Gray coming down in these past few weeks really gave me a lot of pointers and helped me out for this fight, where I am facing a wrestler.
"And Gray's a great guy. He talks his pointers before and after training, and he's really helped everyone in the gym."
Mendes said that Aldo's new partner won't keep him from taking the fight to the ground. The Team Alpha Male fighter and former amateur wrestler hasn't lost a round in 17 months and three fights, largely because he's been able to control opponents on the ground.
Aldo, who held the WEC title before the promotion was folded into the UFC, was put on his back several times by Mark Hominick in his first UFC title defense at UFC 129. Hominick is a far less decorated grappler than Mendes. But it was also revealed later that the champ was badly hobbled by a tough weight cut and pre-existing injuries that hampered his performance.
Still, Aldo's weaker point is in grappling. Despite that, he isn't worried about being able to subdue Mendes with striking.
"I feel I've been able to find a few things, and I'm working on that," he said. "We'll have to see on the 14th."
Moving to lightweight is still a consideration for the champ, but he's still undecided when he'll throw in the towel at featherweight.
"That's something I've considered a lot," Aldo said. "But really, the right time is going to come, and I'm going to trust my coach, Andre Pederneiras, and my managers, who are looking at it from it from a different point of view of knowing when to make that move, if ever.
"It's something I've considered, but I trust their judgement. I feel I'm a young guy and have a lot to learn, so I've got to trust the people around me."
That includes those who have helped him prepare for next Saturday's fight. Not even his surroundings are distracting him. As a resident of Rio and native of Manaus, Brazil, the event is a sort of homecoming for Aldo. But for now, he's just focused on his preparation.
"It means everything to me to be fighting in Brazil," he said. "This is where everything started; it's where I got my start, and I'm really happy to be coming back as a champion in the UFC. But really, I can't focus on that. I've got to go back to training and do what I've done."
Source: MMAJunkie


text:
No results
Clear all selections to show more results.
From small start-up businesses to larger Fortune 500 companies, you must provide a safe work environment for all of your employees. Explore your many access badge options for permanent employees, contractors, and office visitors. Sam's Club offers complete systems that allow you to create and implement a full badge system through state-of-the-art software. At the same time you can also stock up on informal adhesive name tags so every individual on your floor is recognizable with one quick glance.
Once the badges are created it is also smart to supply holders that comfortable fit your style and size card or name tag. In just minutes, you can locate and shop from a variety of holders including budget-friendly lanyards, decorative lanyards, plastic holders that secure around the neck or at the waist with a clip, and all the supplies you will require to complete this important task.
Badges and holders are vital to your daily safety precautions. Depend on Sam's Club for individual or bundle packs of all the requirement supplies while still staying within your current budget.


text:
Sounds like a good time at the range.
My wife and I went to the range tonight as our date night. Took the M1 Carbine for the first time, the FNP-9, and our Wingmaster 870 20 gauge. The FNP, as usual, was flawless, firing about 200 rounds with no problems. We fired about 10 rounds of #3 buckshot (the largest I could find in 20 gauge) just because we don't get much chance to shoot it. Since I keep it in a padded case, I often forget how good looking the Wingmaster woodworking is. A pretty shotgun.
Since this was the inaugural trip for the Carbine, it gets its own paragraph. If you want to look like a Marine sniper, take a rifle to a 50-foot indoor range. Even with my defective middle-aged eyes and iron sites, within the first four magazines I was shooting one big, ragged hole at 50 feet. It might be wimpy as a rifle, but it kicks butt on pistols. I was shooting some cheap ammunition from the gun show. I had two failures to load the first round of a magazine, but pulling the charging handle twice fixed it right up. I need to take it to one of the outdoor ranges around here and see how it works at longer distances, but I'm pretty sure it's going to be a good ifle up to 100 yards or so. It got a couple of nice comments from folks at the range.
Sounds like a good time at the range.
So did all the gunsmoke and testosterone get you "some" after your date???
Oh yeah, it was your wife... Kidding
Glad you had fun and all went well. Yes, stretch the legs on that M1!!! Those shoot great.
Sounds like a good way to spend time to me.
Man I love those 30 carbines! I have a Iver Johnson model and am looking at a Rockola and IBM. No they are not the best long range rifle but they will get it done in as much as 200 yards and be pretty dead on. I've shot them further and they will reach it but I start to lose some on my groupings. Still. It's one of the more entertaining rifles to shoot.


text:
By: Shannon '15
Without my planner, I would be completely and utterly lost, disorganized, terrified! It is my wingman, my other half, my lifeline. A planner comes in all different shapes and sizes. It can be used for scheduling appointments; making to-do lists, keeping track of dates, and so much more. Some people might think that having a planner is a hassle and that it is extra work, but what they do not know is that it can keep your whole life on track!


text:
'Last season Carriere served as assistant to the general manager of the Buffalo Sabres. He spent 11 seasons with the Sabres working in various capacities, primarily dealing with pro scouting, hockey operations and professional development of the Sabres' minor league club, the Rochester Americans.'
Capitals Name Larry Carriere Pro Scout
September 2, 2004 Submitted by
Via: WashingtonCaps.com


text:
Applications / Database Development
Applications/database development services are provided by the Educational Technology Group, a part of the Office of Information Systems. They are responsible for the analysis, design, coding, implementation, and maintenance of both stand alone and web based information systems. These systems support the mission of the UNC Healthcare System, School of Medicine, and its associated departments. For more information, please visit the ETG website.
Applications/Database Development Services and Fees
Hourly Rate
|Application Development
Note: All fees are subject to change. Listed fees are effective as of July 1, 2007.


text:
Dolphin Artists :: Black Eyed Peas
Related ArtistsMadonna, Snoop Dogg, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Gwen Stefani, Fatboy Slim, Mark Ronson, Jamiroquai, Sean Kingston
Black Eyed Peas are an American hip hop/pop group formed in Los Angeles in 1995. The group currently line-up is formed by will.i.am, Taboo, Fergie and apl.de.ap. Black Eyed Peas have so-far sold an estimated 56 million albums and singles worldwide. Black Eyed Peas went to centenary state high school and got their start in 1988 when will.i.am (born 1975 William James Adams Jr.) and apl.de.ap (born 1974 Allan Pineda) began rapping and performing together around Los Angeles. Read more on Last.fm more
Related News
Related Products
Korg M3 88 Expanded Workstation Keyboard / Sampler
Korg M3 88 Expanded Workstation Keyboard / Sampler The M3 heralds the third generation of Korg Workstations. The M1 started it all, first appearing in 1988 to bring the world a new concept called the "music workstation." It went on to become the best selling workstation in history, and was further expanded and enhanced through the T and O1/W series.…
Web Price:1699.99
Availability:Call 0844 815 0888
Korg Radias Rack Analogue Modelling Synth and Vocoder
KORG RADIAS RACK SYNTHESIZER Korg's Radias Rack synthsizer and vocoder is based on Korg's proprietary MMT (Multi Modeling Technology) engine. This 24-voice synthesizer offers a variety of synthesis algorithms together with multiple effects, new comb filter and wave shaping features, modulation sequencing, as well as new formant-motion vocoding, and borrows much modelling techniques from the Korg Oasys. Each of the…
Web Price:749.00
Availability:Call 0844 815 0888
Korg KAOSSILATOR
The next innovation in the highly acclaimed line of Korg DJ tools has arrived! The KAOSSILATOR is a new pocket sized instrument that packs Korg's world renowned synth sound along with innovative performance features into an ultra-compact unit. Anyone can instantly play musical phrases by simply tapping or sliding their finger across the KAOSSILATOR's touch pad –…
Web Price:105.11
Availability:Call 0844 815 0888
M-Audio Pro Tools M-Powered 8 (Boxed Full Version)
Pro Tools 8 is the latest version of the industry-leading digital audio workstation. A dramatically enhanced feature set is highlighted by a completely updated user interface, more than 70 bundled plug-ins and virtual instruments, fully-integrated MIDI and score editors and an expanded array of editing features for both music and post production applications.
For composers…
Web Price:171.77
Availability:Call 0844 815 0888
Roland AX Synth Shoulder Synthesizer
Lady Gaga's very own AX-Synth
Gary Barlow using the AX-Synth on tour with Take That
All In One
Plug in and play — what…
Web Price:699.00
Availability:Call 0844 815 0888