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Focus on Economic Data: U.S. Employment and the Unemployment Rate, April 2013
This lesson examines the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, announcement of employment data and the unemployment rate for the month of April, 2013, reported May 3, 2013. This lesson introduces the basic concepts of the BLS employment and unemployment data. The meaning and importance of the data are discussed. Assessment exercises are included for reinforcing knowledge of the concepts.
Business Cycles, Labor Force, Labor Market, Macroeconomic Indicators, Unemployment, Unemployment Rate
- Review the most recently reported U.S. employment and unemployment data.
- Determine the changes in U.S. employment and unemployment from the past month and year.
- Determine the factors that have influenced the change in the U.S. unemployment rate.
- Explain the implications of the employment and unemployment data for individuals, population groups, and the U.S. economy.
Current Key Economic Indicatorsas of November 30, -0001
Each month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) releases data from the monthly "Household Survey" conducted by the Bureau of the Census, providing a comprehensive body of information on the employment and unemployment experience of the U.S. population, classified by age, sex, race, and a variety of other characteristics.
The BLS also conducts the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, surveying about 150,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 390,000 individual work sites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls.
The BLS compiles information from these sources and announces the monthly "Employment Situation," reporting the current U.S. employment and unemployment data estimates. The monthly announcement reports employment data from the previous full month.
This lesson is about the BLS announcement, "Employment Situation: April 2013," reported May 3, 2013 This lesson will also look at the recent history of employment and unemployment data.
[NOTE TO TEACHER: Employment and Unemployment Rate Focus on Economic Data Schedule:
During the second half of the 2012-2013 school year, (January-May), EconEdLink will publish five Focus on Economic Data lessons on employment and the unemployment rate. During this time period, the lessons will begin with the 'basics' in January and progressively focus more on complex data, issues and comparisons. All monthly Focuses on Economic Data will include the current data and significant recent changes.
- December 2012, reported in January 2013: employment and unemployment data basics. What is employment? What is the unemployment rate? How are they measured? What is the current data? What do they mean?
- January 2013, reported in February 2013: details and issues about the measurement and meaning of employment and unemployment, adding concepts such as underemployment, full employment, etc.
- February 2013, reported in March 2013: detailed breakdown of the data by region and industry (trends, identifying trends and comparisons of regions and demographic groups
- March 2013, reported in April 2013: the relationships of employment and unemployment data to other economic data, such as GDP, CPI, etc., and the business cycle.
- April 2013, reported in May 3013: End of the school year review of employment data and summary of the recent history of U.S. labor markets. THIS LESSON]
Monetary Policy and the Federal Reserve: A Virtual Economics video.
Federal Reserve Resources for Educators: Here you can find links to instructional materials and tools that can increase your understanding of the Federal Reserve, economics and financial education.
Open Market Operations: This page provides the Federal Reserve's definition and examples of Open Market Operations.
National Economic Indicators: This Federal Reserve Bank of New York webpage explains some of the economic indicators that are used to formulate the nation's monetary policy.
www.newyorkfed.org/research/global_economy/usecon_charts.html http://www.newyorkfed.org/research/
Federal Reserve Consumer Information and Publications web links: This Federal Reserve site provides information, publications, and web links for consumers.
New York Fed: Open Market Operations: This page provides detailed information on open market operations.
About the FOMC: This Federal Reserve page provides detailed information on the FOMC. www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomc.htm
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System: This webpage introduces each member of the board.
Key Economic Indicatorsas of May 3, 2013
On a seasonally adjusted basis, the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers decreased 0.2 percent in March after increasing 0.7 percent in February. The index for all items less food and energy rose 0.1 percent in March after rising 0.2 percent in February.
Employment and Unemployment
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 165,000 in April, and the unemployment rate was little changed at 7.5 percent. Employment increased in professional and business services, food services and drinking places, retail trade, and health care.
Real GDP
Real gross domestic product increased at an annual rate of 2.5 percent in the first quarter of 2013 (that is, from the fourth quarter to the first quarter), according to the "advance" estimate released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. In the fourth quarter, real GDP increased 0.4 percent.
Federal Reserve
Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in March suggests that economic activity has been expanding at a moderate pace. Labor market conditions have shown some improvement in recent months, on balance, but the unemployment rate remains elevated. The FOMC decided to keep the target range for the federal funds rate at 0 to 1/4 percent and currently anticipates that this exceptionally low range for the federal funds rate will be appropriate at least as long as the unemployment rate remains above 6-1/2 percent...
Employment and Unemployment in April, 2013
To better understand the health of the U.S. labor markets and the impact of persistently high unemployment on the U.S. economy, take a quick look at the basic U.S. labor market data for April, 2013. See Figure 1, "U.S. Labor Market Data, April 2013," below.
Look at the unemployment data in Figure 1, above. The U.S. unemployment rate decreased again in April by 0.1 percent, falling 0.6 percentage point since April, 2013. The number of unemployed has dropped by 859,000 in the past year. Are we on the road to a "jobs recovery" since the recession?
In November, 2007, total employment in the U.S. (Current Population Survey) was 146,595,000 jobs. By December, 2009, that number dropped to 138,025. That was a loss of 8,570,000 jobs in the recession. The BLS reported a total of 143,579,000 U.S. jobs in April, 2013. That means the U.S. is still 3 million jobs behind the high of November, 2007.
Note: The BLS also revised the jobs data for the past two months, announcing that the U.S. economy generated 332,000 jobs in February (reported only 268,000 in April) and 138,000 in March, 50,000 more than the reported 88,000 increase.
Figure 2, below, provides more April 2103 unemployment data by ethnic groups and education levels.
[Teacher Note: Ask your students: Given this information about employment and unemployment in April, 2013, does it look like the U.S. is still in a recession?]
Take a look at more of the April, 2013, employment and unemployment report and decide for yourself.
The Employment Report – April 2013
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Released: May 1, 2013
"Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 165,000 in April, and the unemployment rate was little changed at 7.5 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in professional and business services, food services and drinking places, retail trade, and health care."
Note: Unless otherwise cited, the data in this lesson is from the May 3, 2013, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics "Employment Situation - April 2013" news release. URL: www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/empsit_05032013.htm
Many economists agree that it takes over 200,000 new jobs each month just to keep pace with the normal growth of the population and labor force. If this generalization is true, the economy experienced a net gain in April, 2013. Why, then, did the unemployment rate decrease by just 0.1 percent? Look again at the data in Figure 1. What happened to the population, the size of the labor force, and the number of unemployed?
Remember, the unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percentage of the total civilian labor force. In April, 2013, with 165,000 new jobs, the number of unemployed decreased by just 83,000.. The size of the labor force decreased by 31,000. The result - a slight drop in the unemployment rate, rounded to 0.1.
In April, the U.S. labor force participation rate was 63.3 percent, a drop from 63.6 percent a year ago and participation rates over 70 percent in the late 1990s. For a history of the labor force participation rate, go to: data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS11300000
[Teacher Note: Ask your students what they think about these employment and unemployment numbers. Are they "good news" - lower unemployment rate, or "bad news" - a smaller percentage of the labor force is working? They can discuss how the numbers might mean different things in different contexts or when compared to other numbers.]
When the labor force decreases, the unemployment rate can also decreases as people become more pessimistic about finding jobs and become "discouraged workers" leaving the labor force. When these people start looking for employment, they will, again, be counted as "unemployed."
Figure 3, below, shows the monthly U.S. unemployment rates from 1990 through April, 2013. Note recent high monthly unemployment rate of 10.1 percent in October, 2009 and the most recent low unemployment rate of 4.4 percent in May, 2007.
[Teacher Note: Ask your students: Do you see the "business cycles" of the economy illustrated by the unemployment rates over time?]
For more complete labor market data, as of April, 2012, go the these Tables from the May 4, 2012, BLS employment and unemployment news release.
- Employment Situation Summary Table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
- Employment Situation Summary Table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
[Teacher Note: Students should be able to identify the recent business cycle as they look at the recent history of unemployment rate data.]
[Teacher Note: The previous twelve months have seen some improvement in U.S. economic conditions. Ask your students to identify the labor market data that has improved and the data that has not. Refer to Table A of the April 2013 "Employment Situation" report.
The national unemployment rate has dropped from 8.1 percent to 7.5 percent from April, 2012, to April, 2013.
The number of employed persons has increased by 1,645,000 in the past year.
- The number of unemployed persons has decreased by 859,000 in the past year.
- The labor force participation rate has decreases by 0.3 percentage points in the past year.
- The number of person "not in the labor force" has increased by 1.6 million in the past year.]
Remember, this is the "non-institutionalized civilian population." Those in institutions (prison, mental facilities, etc.) and the military are not included. This means that about 63.3 percent of the total population was counted as in the "labor force" in April. 89,936,00 people in the U.S., were not in the labor force for a variety of reasons.
The first data point in determining the unemployment rate is the size of the labor force. The unemployment rate is the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. In April, 2013,11,659,000 people were unemployed, a decrease of 83,000 from the previous month.
11,659,000 divided by 155,238 (labor force) equals 7.51 percent – when rounded to nearest tenth of a point - the reported unemployment rate of 7.5 percent.
[Teacher Note: Students should be able to calculate the unemployment rate, given figures for the size of the labor force and the number of unemployed. Give individuals or groups of students different sets of data and ask them to "do the math." ]
Key Labor Market Definitions
As a reminder, the following are the definitions of the key categories used to report employment and unemployment data from the BLS "Employment Report." These definitions are from the BLS "Glossary."
Civilian non-institutionalized population: Included are persons 16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions (for example, penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), and who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Civilian labor force: The labor force includes all persons classified as employed or unemployed (16 and over, non-institutionalized).
Labor force participation rate: The labor force as a percent of the civilian non-institutional population.
Employed Persons: Persons 16 years and over in the civilian non-institutional population who, during the reference week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid employees; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family (plus those temporarily absent from employment.)
Employment-population ratio: The proportion of the civilian non-institutional population aged 16 years and over that is employed.
Unemployed: Persons aged 16 years and older who had no employment during the reference week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4 week period ending with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Unemployment rate: The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Not in labor force: Includes persons aged 16 years and older in the civilian non-institutional population who are neither employed nor unemployed in accordance with the definitions contained in this glossary. Information is collected on their desire for and availability for work, job search activity in the prior year, and reasons for not currently searching.
- Persons who currently want a job: Persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
Unemployment by Demographic Groups
As summarized in Figure 2, above, the BLS also reports the unemployment rates for several demographic groups, including race/ethnicity and educational attainment. Go to the May 3, 2013 press release and scroll down to Table A.
Gender, Age, and Ethnicity
Look at the section of the table on the unemployment rates for "Adult men, Adult women, Teenagers, White, Black/African American, Asian, and Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity."
[Teacher Note: Ask your students: Do you notice any patterns in this data?]
Unemployment continues to be unevenly distributed among racial/ethnic groups and age levels. Young workers are more than twice as likely to be unemployed than workers over 24 years of age. The unemployment rate for teenagers is very high. Black/African American unemployment significantly exceeds other racial/ethnic demographic groups.
Educational Attainment
Look again at Table A, specifically at the section about educational attainment (Less than a high school diploma, High school diploma, Some college/associate degree, Bachelor's degree).
[Teacher Note: Ask your students: Do you notice any patterns in this data?]
Education is a strong indicator of potential for unemployment. There is a clear relationship between educational attainment and unemployment rates. The more education you have, the less chance of unemployment - on average. What is a high school diploma worth? You will make more income, for sure (on average), but also a greatly decreased risk of unemployment.
[Teacher Note: More data on income and educational attainment is available at this BLS web page: Education Pays . This webpage shows the relationships of educational attainment, 2011 unemployment rates, and 2011 median incomes.]
Employment - Establishment Survey Data
"Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 165,000 in April, with job gains in professional and business services, food services and drinking places, retail trade, and health care. Over the prior 12 months, employment growth averaged 169,000 per month."
Job Gains by Industry
- Retail trade employment increased by 29,300.
- Professional and business services employment increased by 73,000.
- Education and health care services employment increased by 28,000.
- Leisure and hospitality employment increased by 43,000.
- Financial activities employment increased by 9,000.
- Transportation and warehousing employment increased by 4,200.
- Financial services employment increased by 9,000.
Job Losses by Industry
- Construction employment decreased by 6,000.
- Federal/state/local government employment decreased by 11,000.
- Information services employment decreased by 9,000
- Mining and logging employment decreased by 3,000
- Manufacturing employment did not change.
[Teacher Note: For more details about employment by industry group, go to: www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/empsit_05032013.htm
Students can research the recent history of employment in different industries and information about careers in those industries.
You can learn about a wide variety of occupations from the "Occupational Outlook Handbook. www.bls.gov/oco/ .]
Table B-5. Employment of Women on Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry Sector, Seasonally Adjusted
In April, 2013, the U.S. unemployment rate decreased to 7.5 percent. Job growth of 165,000 was slightly less than the average monthly growth for the past year. Slightly fewer people had given-up looking for work and/or were otherwise not counted as employed or unemployed. in April The size of the labor force increased by 210,000 The recent history of changes in the labor force, employment and unemployment is somewhat erratic - possibly reflecting much uncertainty in the economy.
- Historical Changes in Employment
Access to historical data for the "B" tables of the Employment Situation News Release
U.S. economic growth, as measured by real GDP growth, increased moderately in the first quarter of 2013, after very slow growth in the fourth quarter of 2012. Recent economic growth has not resulted in the number of jobs needed for a classic economic recovery. Many economists anticipate that, even though jobs growth may continue, the unemployment rate may remain stubbornly high for some time.
[Teacher Note: Ask your students to think about the future. How long will it take the U.S. economy - especially in terms of jobs - to fully recover from the recent recession?]
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes a variety of reports on current issues in labor markets and labor market data. The April, 2009, online edition of "Issues in Labor Statistics" included a report called, "Ranks of Discouraged Workers and Others Marginally Attached to the Labor Force Rise During Recession ." This report addressed the long-standing issue of the importance of including discouraged and marginally attached workers in determining the real level of unemployment.
Read the report. Students should summarize the arguements for including discouraged and marginally attached workers in the labor force and the officially reported unemployment rate. Should the discouraged or marginally attached workers be counted as unemployed? What does the increase in the number of discouraged and marginally attached workers mean for our economy?
[Teacher Note: Although the specific data in this BLS report is outdated (2008-2009), the explanation of the concepts of marginally attached and discouraged workers is still very appropriate.]


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subset: commoncrawl


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Many students know they are ready to attend college, but aren't ready to choose an academic major. About one-third of each freshman class at SUNY Plattsburgh enter as undeclared majors! (And about half of your peers who are declared will change their major at least once while they're in college.)
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text:
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|Topic Review (Newest First)
I'd say Wolf Creek. It is much more low-key and much less crowded. Vail, Breck is a Sheet-Show with crowds. With the recent storm that hammered the midwest, Breck/Vail got 3-4 inches (definitely not the 5 the Breck reported) and Wolf Creek got 15. You're not going to find Motel 6 around Vail/Breck. If you're stuck with I-70, you could also ride Loveland and stay in Georgetown. Much cheaper than Vail/Breck.
Again, however, Loveland has 1/2 the snowfall this year that Wolf Creek has. I say Wolf Creek! I may even pull the trigger and take a drive down that way. Summit County blows!
|Wolf creek is about $50/day. $30 if you catch it on a local day, no ID check. Pretty much every where else is cracking $100 a day for a real mtn experience. Silverton is $59/day but advanced rider only terrain. Wolf creek is 4 hours from vail/I70. You can take I40 and turn north in Albuquerque, 25 to sante fe and head up 84/64 to pagosa springs..... That's about 20 minutes from wolf creek
Thanks for the responses. My plan is to take I70 pretty much straight across, though I wouldn't mind an hour or 2 here or there as there is no rush. I have decided to do multiple days in COand skip utah, as I have been to Utah a few times. I love Utah, but I've never been to CO to ride and it's more direct to my path.
How far out of the way would Silverton/Wolf Creek be? If the snow is that much better I would definitely hit those ones, but to be honest, just about anything in CO is gonna be incredible compared to WI (as I'm sure bum would agree) and so cal (not mammoth)
Also, what type of difference in price as far as lift and lodging compared to the Vail area should I expect? I have a cold weather sleeping bag and can just rough it in my truck but idk if I want to do that haha. Keep in mind I'd looking for a Motel 6, not a resort hotel.
Thanks in advance for the help, I know a lot of this info is online but I feel better about getting first hand info.
i agree w/ neednsnow. i'm assuming you'll be taking i 70 then? vail and a-basin are my two picks, which are both near i70. IF you'd go through northern az and hit up the four corners you could stop at durango/telluride area which is an awesome, gorgeous drive and better ski areas but longer driving time.
welcome back to wisco! i've made the same trip you'll be taking a number of times but from phoenix.
SoCal to Wisconsin by way of Alberta? WTF!?!?
OP: Congrats and thank you for your service!!! Colorado offers a HUGE variety of snow and terrain. (Wolf Creek, Silverton) tend to get much more snow (and fewer people) than the hills in Summit County (Breck, Vail, A-Basin.) For example, Wolf Creek has gotten 246 inches so far, Vail has 165, Telluride: 139. HUGE difference!
If you went through Pagossa Springs, you would be hitting Wolf Creek. If you are going the direct route, through Grand Junction, then Vail/Beaver Creek/Loveland would be your best bet. Snow is starting to ramp-up a bit, now. Finally.
Of course, there is always Salt Lake City, but that'll take you out of your way a bit.
|well if not in a hurry...tahoe, hood, crystal, stevens, baker, whistler, fernie, jackson hole, bridger...idk...depends on where its snowing...but march is generally good for pnw
Cross-Country Drive
Hey everyone.. I am getting out of the Marine Corps in 2 weeks and will be driving from so cal to wisconsin..... taking me directly through utah and colorado. I would like to do a drive-ride-drive-ride-drive type thing on the way home or maybe a drive-drive-ride-ride-drive breakdown depending on peoples opinions which leads me to my question:
What 2 resorts (or what resort x2) should I plan on stopping at. I will be leaving March 1.. Also, what so of conditions can I expect in Colorado? I was in Utah last week of Feb last year so that should give me some idea, however I have never been to CO.
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Home > News & Events > Events Calendar > Bringing Human Services Technology into the 21st Century
The Ash Center at the Harvard Kennedy School, the American Public Human Services Association (APHSA), the Annie E. Casey Foundation, and Case Commons Inc. are excited to present a webinar on the role of change management in facilitating technology innovation in public human services. As demands on public human services continue to increase, technology is playing an increasingly vital role. Technological changes are also organizational changes, and effective change management is essential to ensuring that technology improvements are implemented successfully. This webinar will offer as a case study Indiana's adoption of Management Gateway for Indiana's Kids (MAGIK), powered by Casebook(R), as its child welfare system of record. Incubated by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, Casebook is a 21st-century child welfare information system developed by the nonprofit Case Commons. Steve Goldsmith, Daniel Paul Professor of the Practice of Government and the Director of the Innovations in American Government Program at Harvard Kennedy School, former Mayor of Indianapolis, and former Deputy Mayor of New York City for Operations, will moderate a discussion among: Patrick McCarthy, President and CEO of the Annie E. Casey Foundation Tracy Wareing, Executive Director of the American Public Human Services Association Kathleen Feely, Founder and CEO of Case Commons, Inc. and Vice President for Innovation at the Annie E. Casey Foundation Judge Jim Payne, former Director of the Indiana Department of Child Services Presenters in this webinar will discuss the importance of modern information technology to the effective and innovative delivery of public-sector human services; as well as the vital link between robust change management strategies and success in human services information technology projects. Following information from each of the presenters there will be the opportunity for webinar attendees to pose questions to the presenters. This event is powered by the Ash Center's Government Innovators Network.


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yea westmar her I'm at flinton qld got few hives,plus the native bees.last couple days we had 30ml rain cooled of for awhile.
Hey WestmarNatives huh? How do you find them? I heard that they don't produce much honey...Phil
hi all [philina coma] i normally find natives with in 150m from water.they are hard to spot most entry's i found out her are facing south west.no more than 15ft of ground.i like to have sun over my shoulder makes them easier to spot.i used make the mistake looking up all the time .i have found them nesting on the ground in water meters all so.i allway es get out after a storm check an branches or trees Thai come down.if you save any in a storm make shore cut 3 ,4ft each side the entry ,normally take something over both ends.make sh oar you stand it up the right way.look before you cut.so9 you no what the top of tree what the bottom .if you put them up side down you drown them.no they don't give much honey.some people tell me 1kg season.I'm yet to take that the most i taken is250gr.i made small boxes up for my natives transfer them over to rob them .you got do crush strain with them.
Hey Westmar,What do the native hives look like? Are they something hanging from a tree or are they a hole in a branch?Phil
hi all the native bee bees have a small entry in hollows , they take bit finding.the native bee got he is the[australis]little black bee with white marking on his back.at night they close there entry up ,then take it down next day.some people say the honey bee is taken over there nest sites .i don't find that out her i seen them nest in the same tree.


text: Hello everyone, New member here and I thought it would be worth asking for any tips on a problem I had last week turkey hunting. My buddy and I were hunting his ranch where he was few big toms, and quite a few hens. Sunday we went out and set up before morning to a favorite area these turkeys like to hang out at. The problem is they roost across the creek from his property, and that land is state property. This particular morning we got a big ol tom to gobble to us, and he was on the other side of the creek (of course). He followed the shore line and kept gobbling to my friends yelps (we had a hen decoy out and a jake little ways away from her) and we circled behind us. The tom then started walking back the way he came and thats when a hen got his attention, and of course he went for the hen on his side of the creek. Was there anything I could have done to coax this tom to cross over the creek? My buddies dad actually shot a 9 1/2 in beard tom on opening day about 25 yards from where we set up. Any tips would help, I am looking to get one of these toms this weekend, we saw few more big toms, so the spot has potential!


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Composition FOR LACTUDOS NA solutionLactulose(NA)
food interaction for LACTUDOS solution
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lactation interaction for LACTUDOS solution
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Animal studies have shown low or no adverse effect on the foetus, however, there are limited human studies. Please consult your doctor.
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Lactudos oral solution is used in constipation.
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Lactudos oral solution works by drawing water into the intestine through osmosis, which makes the stool soft and easier to pass.
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- Avoid taking a Lactulose for more than 1 week, unless prescribed by the doctor, as it leads to dependency on the laxative action to produce a bowel movement.
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Lactulose is stool softener, Lactulose is not a stimulant laxative it is a hyperosmotic laxative
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In diabetic patients lactulose may increase the blood sugar, make you feel confused, drowsy, or thirsty. Always consult your doctor before use
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In diabetic patients lactulose may increase the blood sugar, make you feel confused, drowsy, or thirsty. Always consult your doctor before use
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Lactulose is a non-digestible sugar
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Lactulose is available over the counter
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Lactulose does not cause weight gain or weight loss. Lactulose can cause bloating and wind (gas)
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Lactulose is gluten free. However, please refer to package insert of the prescribed brand before use
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Lactulose may interact with antibiotics, omeprazole, and Gaviscon/calcium carbonate. Senokot/senna, Fybogel/ispaghula when taken with lactulose may result in diarrhea. No interactions have been observed when lactulose is taken with warfarin, iron tablets, and paracetamol
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Lactulose contains lactose, galactose, and small amounts of fructose. Do not take lactulose if you have intolerance to these sugars.


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Built in hands-free for handling calls on the move
Now with the t-JAYS Four earphones you don't have to choose between high-quality sound and hands-free convenience. Utilising the same technology Apple use in their headsets, the t-JAYS Four earphones let you control your music, change the volume, answer and make calls all while enjoying crystal clear sounds with excellent bass response.
The remote uses the latest available microphone technology out there. It's a digital, active surface-mounted MEMS silicon microphone that removes GSM/TDMA burst noise and provides wide-band RF noise suppression. This means it has the best performance on the market and we also have it in our newly developed remote control, of course. The MEMS microphone also works in 360 degrees meaning it will effectively pick up your speech in any position
Precision audio drivers sound great
A crisp, clean and natural sound is what t-JAYS Four provides; anytime, anywhere. The JAYS-developed 10mm TCD driver with strong neodymium magnets ensures that instrumentals and vocals are reproduced in exactly the way the performers originally intended. A vented bass port on the back with an acoustic filter effects a bass response which is snappy, precise and deep and vocals which are crystal clear and uplifting.
Remote for controlling your music without touching your phone
The remote on the t-JAYS Four is a three-button remote with SMART-feel soft touch flat/convex buttons for perfect grip and carefully selected state-of-the-art components giving you a complete full-feature solution and options to play/pause music and videos, answer/hang up calls, skip songs, volume up/down and voice control etc.
Two way wear for a more comfortable fit
To reduce cable noise and ensure comfort the t-JAYS Four is designed to also be worn with the earphone cable behind your ear. If you're in sport-mode this is a great benefit since the ear will absorb weight and noise and make the ergonomics much better. The angled sound tube design and unique cable position will make the earphone fit flat inside your ear which is not only great for everyday usage but also decrease the risk of the earphones dropping out of the ear canal.
Dividable cable gives you the perfect cable length
We believe most people from time to time have thought that the cables are too long or too short. To help you out a bit we have made dividable cables on the t-JAYS Four meaning you can choose between having your iPhone or iPod in your shirt pocket, t-shirt sleeve or jeans pocket. Any way you want you still get the the perfect cable length and the t-JAYS Four remote easy to reach.
Made for iPod, iPhone and iPad license
The t-JAYS Four are developed for one purpose only. To match your iPod, iPhone or iPad and let you enjoy and get as much out of them as possible. Not only do the features and buttons provide you with full control, but the design is also made to match your iPhone 4 perfectly.


text: Hey guys i'm kind of a newb at this stuff, but i need some help. I'm starting a custom mando and i'm thinking about buying a fiberglass Jango bucket kit from www.starfortressproductions.com. So I was wandering, has anybody bought a bucket from them? Or have you heard anything negative about them.


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Hi, I've been here a few times but never really stayed for long I'm afraid.
Though I finally got a bit of money in, and I was looking to either buy or make a Boba Fett suit. So I'm wondering what route I should go.
I found this one on ebay.
And from afar it looks good. Though the seller mentioned it's from "Rubies" which wasn't spoken off too highly here. And the costume seems a bit off in places. That and I'd rather an ESB Fett too.
So what does everyone think of that auction?
And if I wanted to build an ESB Fett is there a good kit I should know about? And how much would it cost? Same question towards building from scratch.
Edit: Oh and I just found this website again, had forgotten all about them. http://www.tk409.com/fett.html
They seem to have better goods.


text: Polka Dot Flower Pin/Clip Style: 570075271 Out of Stock Love it? Everyone else did too. This item sold out! Use our search tool, chat online or call 1.877.948.2525 to find something equally desirable. Polka-dots are fresh and fun on one of spring's first blooms. Wear at your neckline or on a ribbon at your waist, on a lapel, bag, clutch or hat—clip it in your hair. Polyester chiffon. Imported. Over 5.5" diameter. Read More… Share on Facebook Tweet Pin


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...with iTunes:
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Beki writes:
I am a second year graduate student, and the lab that I joined works on Leishmania and Trypanosomes. I originally discovered TWiP via TWiV (where my true interests are - but that is a long story; Matt Frieman came and gave a seminar and gave a small plug for TWiV). I am really excited to have the opportunity to listen to highly informed people talk about parasitism. I request more frequent episodes - I will start preparing for my qualification exams soon and I am sure that this podcast will be invaluable - especially if you get to Leishmania soon (hint,hint).
I would also like to say that listening to a podcast is like having a viral/parasitic infection - usually there are only a few people that show clinical symptoms (i.e. send an email or post a comment), but there are usually many more who have asymptomatic infections (i.e. just listen). So in the end, there are many people who would like more episodes, but only a small percentage will actually contact you to request more. I am very grateful for the time you both take to prepare and do this podcast - keep them coming!
Bernhard writes:
Dear TWiVers and TWiPers, Last time I just suggested a Pick of the Week, but now I'm ready to pose a question: In a science news compilation, I recently learned about the work by Shigeto Yoshida et al. of Jichi Medical University (supposedly reported recently in 'Insect Mulecular Biology') on genetically engineering mosquitos to secrete an antigen from Leishmaniosis in their saliva. The idea being that being bitten by such a mosquito would trigger antibodies against the protozoans. The regulatory issues with such an approach are, however, quite severe since you cannot control who 'gets the shot'. However, I've since heard a podcast on Australian wildlife being threatened by picking up diseases from farm animals and species introduced by the Europeans like rabies. Would it be possible to use the above approach to immunize wildlife, say, using a mosquito that's specific to the wild animal and doesn't bite humans? Would the supposed specificity help with the regulatory issues and provide a 'proof-of-concept' for the approach?
Just an idea.
Hope you can keep TWiV and TWiP going for a long time!
Ryan writes:
I love the podcast! I am a grad student in microbiology and this podcast along with TWiV is a great part of my week. I study bacteria so we need a TWiB too! Thanks again
Ashlee writes:
Dear Dr. Despommier, My name is Ashlee and I am a graduate student at CUMC and an enthusiastic fan of both TWIP and TWIV. Recently, I was listening to the podcast "This Amercan Life" episode 404 entitled "Enemy Camp" which features a segment called "As the Worm Turns". This brief story was about a man who believes that hook-worms have cured him of his allergies and asthma by acting as immune system modulators in an example of what has been coined the 'hygiene hypothesis' for immune system dysfunction. The man subsequently went on to sell his hookworms to other individuals under the guise that they are a 'cure-all' for autoimmune disorders until he was threatened with arrest and fled the country.
Considering that 'This Amercian Life' has such a large audience, I'd imagine that this story has generated a lot of interest in the 'hygiene hypothesis' among the general public and would make a great topic for an upcoming TWIP episode. Having had an interest in autoimmune disorders and the hygiene hypothesis in particular for years, I think it would be great to hear your take on this as an expert in the field of parasitology.
Sincerely, Ashlee


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Barnard News
New first-year class dean participates in interview about her new role on campus
Acclaimed author publishes The Liar's Wife: Four Novellas
Notes the advent of social media and technology as a new obstacle for first-year college students
Sociology Prof. Debbie Becher is the author of Private Property and Public Power: Eminent Domain in Philadelphia, forthcoming this month from Oxford University Press.
A team of women led by Barnard Zine Librarian Jenna Freedman and Barnard Archivist Shannon O'Neill formed a "zine-mob" on the F train.
Political science professor appears in various broadcast and print outlets
Bestselling author and Barnard English professor writes about the clash between Pope Francis I and American nuns.
Zine makers take to the subways for a day of creativity and activism
Film tells the story of the first integrated high school in Batesville, Mississippi
Trailblazing businesswoman built one of the most recognizable brands in the modeling industry


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Discussion in 'Football, Baseball, and Hockey' started by coynejeremy, Jan 15, 2009.
Jim Schwartz to coach Detroit Lions after agreeing to deal - ESPN Discuss!
He also played without a face mask and got a salary of less than $50K/year. Sounds perfect.
Boring. Same ole Lions. 1)Hire GM with no experience. Check 2)Pick a coach with no head coaching experience. Check 3)Draft a QB that WCF wants with a top 3 pick to sell jersey's and tickets. Check 4)Dupe the lemming fans once again. Check Same ole Lions. They won't win with WCF in charge. To win you have to build a team not cater to the owner trying to sell seats , jersey's or trying to find a face for the franchise so they can sell Ford vehicles in commericals. Defense wins championships. It is not sexy, but build the offensive and defensive lines that's what builds a winning team. Drafting a young QB means nothing if the kid doesn't have the time to throw the ball or takes 2 steps and gets blasted every other play. Do we even trust the Lions to even draft the correct QB? If there is a lame duck in the batch that can't play the Lions will take him and the others will be pro bowlers.
I think I like this hire. The Titans have been winning on the strength of their defense. As their defensive coordinator, Schwartz must have some talent. I don't think that hiring a former head coach just for it's own sake is a wise move. But even if he is a great coach, will that overcome our (by all accounts) totally inept front office?
Awwww...look on the bright side: 1) His last name doesn't start with an M 2) He can't do any worse than 0-16
1. His wife's maiden name is Merriwether. 2. He could go 0-16 again...
He could lose the exhibition games too. Weren't the Lions 4-0 in the exhibition?
This guy interviewed last year with three teams for head coaching positions. Nobody hired him them. (the smart owners) Do we really think that WCF picked a Diamond in the rough???
This is a step up. Marinate was just a dline coach/flunky. Schwartz is a very good defensive game caller. Now rehire Martz.
I'm verrrry afraid...
And bring Chaunc back.
I'm not sure that even Mr. Big Shot could help the Lions Thee.
May the "Schwartz be with you" Mr Ford. ...as for me. I'll once again be spending my Sundays doing anything BUT watching your lame excuse for a football team.
You gotta admire Ford. When everyone probably expected an interesting and courageous offseason to do something with the squad, heck at least to stimulate ticket sales, Ford shows them all the finger and continues conducting business as usual. I don't know this coach, but he's another rookie coach who, will not have the strength of character or persona to overcome the Lions history of failure. If such a man existed it would have been Marinelli, who was never ordered on a suicide mission he didn't approach with zeal and excitement. The brain in Tennessee is Fisher. Always has been. A good coach knows how to manage his players and his coaches and the media and his GM and owner. It's a lot to ask a rookie. It's impossible to ask of a rookie coach in Detroit. Question for the forum. Did he hire Schwartz because he is a cheapskate moron loser? Or because no one better wants to come here? I haven't heard about any other interviews.
I doubt anyone with head coaching experience would want to come here...history shows them that the Lions would be the last head coaching job they would ever have.
I can answer that. I heard that Mayhew actually wanted Frazier. It looks like we have a power struggle now that is between Lewand and Mayhew. It's the same power struggle that was going on with Millen only now Lewand has the nameplate and Mayhew although Mayhew is supposed to be in charge of football operations, Lewand did the interview with Bowles. Lewand also made the announcement. I also understand that Pioli WANTED to come here, with the only stipulation of full power. Ford slammed the door in his face, so to speak. Ford even referred to "others" trying to tell him who to hire. Ford is a senile fool, his son inherited his intelligence. Remember, Lewand is Jr.'s boy. Schwartz has been interviewing for a number of years. That is not a good sign. Frazier on the other hand has made significant improvements to the secondary WHEREEVER HE WENT. Now you tell me the worst problem in our defense, it was all behind the front line.
sadly as much as i would like to jump back on the lions fan bus, i decided to make a solid in the dirt line that must be crossed for me to even care about them.... otherwise a little bit of fools gold will pull me in and just leave me disapointed aka last years nice start. They must get a home playoff game for me to be a lions fan again... and even then it will only be on a trial basis....
What about the" bar is high" Marty Morninwig? Great guy, good Offensive Coordinator, lousy head coach. This is just more of the same.
Reason, I could never root for the lions. Ford doesn't care about success, just about the $$$$$$$. Heck, Al Davis > Ford.
No established coach is going to come here. Detroit is a career killer for coaches. Also, what established head coach is going to come here when it is all ready dictated by WCF that certain coaches on the 0-16 staff must be retained? It should be a complete house cleaning. A smart coach would want his own staff that he has picked. We were 0-16? I don't think one single coach earned the right to be retained or in Coletto's case demoted from Offensive Coordinator to Offensive Line coach and retained.
Separate names with a comma.


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Raspberry Delight RecipeRead Reviews Be the first to add a review
5 2 5
When I was a young man, I taught in a one-room schoolhouse and lived in the bachelor's quarters. At lunchtime, I'd often trade my store-bought cookies for the students' homemade goodies. Of course, nothing tastes as good as homemade, and that inspired me to do more cooking for myself. Pretzels are the surprising "secret ingredient" in this tasty dessert.—Warren Knudtson, Las Vegas, Nevada
Recommended: 25 Light Chocolate Dessert Recipes
- 2 cups fiinely crushed pretzels
- 2 tablespoons sugar
- 1/3 cup chopped pecans
- 3/4 cup butter, softened
- 1 package (8 ounces) cream cheese, softened
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1 carton (8 ounces) frozen whipped topping, thawed
- 1 package (6 ounces) raspberry gelatin
- 2 cups boiling water
- 2 packages (10 ounces each) frozen unsweetened raspberries
- In a large bowl, combine the pretzels, sugar, pecans and butter. Press into an ungreased 13-in. x 9-in. baking pan. Bake at 350° for 10 minutes or until lightly browned; cool.
- In a large bowl, beat cream cheese and sugar until smooth. Fold in whipped topping; spread over crust. In a large bowl, dissolve gelatin in boiling water. Stir in frozen raspberries until gelatin is almost set. Spread over filling. Chill several hours or overnight. Yield: 12-16 servings.
Originally published as Raspberry Delight in Taste of Home June/July 1993, p47
Reviews for Raspberry Delight
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Reviewed Sep. 17, 2012
"This dessert was a hit at a potluck recently. Too bad there's no photo to go with the recipe. It's beautiful, especially after serving the first piece, then you can see all the layers. I could only find 12 ounce packages of frozen raspberries at the store, but it still turned out great. I recommend really making sure the cream cheese and sugar are super smooth, before folding in the Cool Whip in three increments to avoid any lumps. I'm going to try making this with low fat and sugar ingredients next time and see if it turns out as good. Very tasty!"
Reviewed May. 29, 2010
"My family has enjoyed this dessert since we first saw it in TOH! Always a winner and a great idea for those hot summer months!"


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Dear Fellow Mandalorians:
After much love and support for my Bat-Mando project, I now wish to tackle the new Mandalorian leader "Pre Vizsla" from the Clone Wars series. I have already obtained the bucket, next I'll get the armor ready. I hope to have the project ready for Celebration V in Orlando. Wish me luck. :fettchest
Attachment 40894


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|Topic Review (Newest First)
|Doooode! Yer missing the best season in the Rockies. It was eleven below the last few nights. Good yarn. Sounds like the operation needs a bit more shaking down. Or maybe that level of chaos is basic to racing boats, dunno.
|Thanks for the good comments guys, I'll probably be done with my week living aboard the 40.7 soon. I'll be sure to post that too.
That's insane.... especially the MOB part!
Great read.
|Very well done TY.
|Robert....most enjoyable reading...well written. Thanks!!
|hahaha! I wish I had an extran kagillion dollars to own a boat capable of handling the southern ocean.
|Sounds like a good time... when are you buying the boat now???
It's been a couple of weeks since I've added any notes to my learning to sail threads...
Learning to race on a real racing boat!
This had to be the ultimate learning experience for someone like me who is quickly advancing skills of sailing. I've always been taught, "Learn to sail in light wind, and you can sail in anything," but this was new. Toss that saying out the window. I'm about to step into an 60 foot boat designed to stand up to punishing 45 foot waves in the Southern Ocean, all without a propeller!
I quickly learned about sailing offshore, currents from tides, and exactly how different the sea is in a long racing boat as opposed to a nice cruiser. Today was a huge learning curve spike, and although I didn't care for racing sailboats before, I enjoy it now. I even bought a racing video since this day out. Maybe I can watch it a few times and then take it home and trick my wife into betting me on who wins.
This was 15-35 knots of wind in a replica offshore racing boat; full sails, tons of bulb keel, and one extra guy along for the ride of a lifetime. The day-long training cruise was to take us from San Diego to Oceanside, California, and back. Tacks, gybes, spinnaker drills, yelling, people falling overboard, sails whipping across the decks, "Who has the loudest fart" competition, and all sorts of goodies are waiting.
The sun was barely shining through a weird winter mist and the wind was blowing a chill from the South in the noisy San Diego marina. Over the cries of seagulls, the noise from the nearby airport would drown out the traffic on North Harbor Drive with an occasional burst of jet turbines taking off. I could hear the musical clanging of halyards on masts like the sound of wind chimes as I closed the door on my Mercedes and walked toward the piers.
I was excited and could hardly sleep the night before, knowing that "a friend has a friend" who wanted to take me out on his replica of an America's Cup boat he recently bought. This is the best kind of friend.
"A guy always needs a friend with a boat, a guy never needs to own one," I was once told by a wise old man once, and it rings true from my own personal experience. My holes in the water were back in Colorado under three inches of snow. I drove out to San Diego for the week to sail with my friend for some writing material and happened along this trail which turned out to be outstanding.
Dave greeted me at the locked security gate, ushered me in after punching in the code, and guided me to the very end of the pier, where his boat spanned nearly the entire top part of the "T" shaped dock.
It measured close to 60 feet long, slender, perched to slash through the water at any moment. It looked lethal and ready to pounce. By far, this was the largest boat I have ever been on, much less the most technically advanced with more money on one steering wheel than I had in my entire boating collection.
There were five "paid crewmembers" (how in the H-E-double-hockey-sticks do I get a job like that??), the owner Dave, who enjoyed driving the boat as opposed to watching it on a TV, and me. I was along for the ride, Code Name: human ballast. Position on the crew: Guy to blame stuff on.
After a quick meet and hearty handshake with the crew, I was told to strap on the color matching long sleeve shirt ( a large which hung like a short skirt on my 5' 9" frame)with boat logo and name, vest, foulies, stow my bag below and meet us back up here, we're leaving soon.
The sails were already attached. I could see a spinnaker in a hatch ready to fire, Genoa down on the deck ever so neatly and tied (as if it were built there, not a single wrinkle in the folds), and the main attached with huge carbon or black plastic cars which were going up with the assistance of three sailors. The spinnaker pole was just massive. This was almost funny walking the deck on this boat as compared to mine – I noticed a comical largeness to everything.
This was a private boat, the owner bought it to race / sail long distances, and is dreaming of sailing the Vendee (pronounced VON-DUH, I find out swiftly)or similar global challenge in the near future, depending on his budget to rig the boat for single handing or keeping it crewed. The boat is not as much carbon fiber as in something like an America's Cup Boat, has an actual interior, albeit sparse with no more than a few bunks, simple galley, nav station and a head. It does not feature a canting keel, and is missing a few other items he rattled off as if I understood what they were. I was still in the wow mode. In one ear and right out the other.
I glanced up at the wind meter transmitter on the mast head spinning around busily and got vertigo from the height combined with the rocking motion of the marina's waves. I had to grab on to the mast to get my footing back. This boat was huge, and the ballast of batteries and generator were probably the heaviest things in it besides the keel bulb.
"You ready to see something cool?" Dave asked me.
"Why do I need foulies; it seems ok today," I replied.
"Trust me on this one."
In just several seconds, I heard the two of the top three scariest things known to the English language.
I think the top one is, "Honey, I think we should sell the Mercedes SLK55 and buy a family sedan."
A trawler - "Heh, maybe 35 feet," I thought - which took our lines from the bow to tow us out and I helped haul up the dock lines and pushed off with the crew.
We were underway. So far, nothing unusual, just besides the boat was so long you couldn't see over the bow because of the curvature of the earth. It just ended there somewhere off in the distance. As far as I knew, the bow was in the next time zone.
Turns were extra wide. People in other sailboats waived and honked as we left the bay with the main up and ever so slightly luffing. I was given a "safety brief" on what to do if I fall off sometime during the day, where to sit, where to stay clear of and who I could ask questions to when I am sitting there staying clear of things.
"Ok guys, let's get the main powered up," Dave said.
The tow lines were dropped and hauled in, a toot on the horn and a wave from the tow boat, and we were off. Still nothing too unusual as we put a few miles between us and the shore; I could still see the Naval Air Station and some of the downtown sky scrapers as the haze from the morning sun and foggy mist drew them into the shadowy background like a curtain on a stage closing. The boat crew worked in near perfect sync and cranked the winches holding the main. The zippy sound of the Genoa halyard ratcheting up was heard next. All hell broke loose.
I found out that there is a position for a small hairy man with superhuman balance and grip, called an Orangutan, who is trained in arm waiving and screaming to the tactician, trimmer and helmsman, all the while holding on to the forestay and climbing up the mast to check for clearances and fix problems. He was up there yelling back in a strange almost Italian accent (Portuguese I think) as things were set in place or needed more halyard tightening.
All of a sudden I was teleported into a formula one race car. My world tipped over really fast. Things were blurry, mist was spraying from the stem of the boat and I was teetering on the toe rail heeling over at 25.3 degrees (I could see several of the mast gauges from where I was "posted"). There were no lifelines. This was hang on or get really cold and wet mode. The little raised nubs on the deck that look like speed bumps for my feet didn't seem to be big enough. People were cranking things, yelling back and forth, peering out at the deck that seem to stretch over the horizon and all the time I was trying to just hang on for dear life.
I've been on boats when the initial surge when the sails catch the breeze was a little more apparent, but not one that felt like when it heeled, you were pushed thirty feet out of the water on the windward rail. Not a boat where if you fell, you'd actually damage yourself before the boat got hurt, or even the feeling of an office building on its side. I was thinking this guy has more money than brains. This isn't fun, this is scary.
A few tacks, and one accidental "just a warm up" gybe, the ride smoothed out as we turned North by North West past Point Loma and headed downwind for Oceanside. We were well offshore; I could barely make out the hills and cliffs of the coastline. The Genoa was wing and wing with the main, and the spinnaker was called out.
I had a feeling this would be another strange, scary thing, so I hung on and watched. There was no way I would dare unclipping from my "you're a sally" health and safety "nub" I found on the deck and climbing below to get my camera yet. This was too wet, and I needed both hands just to hang on.
The Orangutan motioned "ready". The huge white spinnaker flew up to the top of the mast with a quick ratcheting noise pulled by two others and still several other crew were cranking and easing on the winches and playing the sails in and out with the motion of the rollers. The numbers were huge on it. It bloomed with a POP and we immediately saw the hourglass shape of a twist in the sail. I heard a few oh-shits and some hollering back and forth for a loosened sheet, gybe to port, and FLOOP! The sail filled as we enjoyed the next twenty minutes slicing through deep rolling waves and warming with the rising sun as the haze burned off. The boat heeled to only 5-9 degrees with the kite out, just enough to push some hull out of the water and speed us up when the waves were timed right. Because of those huge numbers on that massive sail, I thought to myself that everyone up and down the coast from Mexico to LA could see our little problem.
The navigator was also the tactician. They still spoke out loud to each other, and you could see him compare notes with something on the GPS screen and talking to Dave. Because the ocean has tides, we were being pushed off course. I was handed a Gatorade and quickly remembered a passage in my sailing school text:
Tidal streams affect the Sailboat's speed, direction, and course.
Also called tidal current, a tidal stream is the horizontal flow of water caused by rising and lowering tides. In navigation work, you need to know the direction and strength of the tidal current at a particular time. If the wind is blowing together with the tide, it will result to a calm condition. On the other hand, there is greater friction between the wind and the water if the tide is against the wind. Expect waves in this kind of situation.
Well, the tide was across the wind. The waves were swelling, but not too bad. They were less "long pop-can on its side" shape and more like riding in a massive ball pit. I've never been seasick, so bring it on.
The change of course brought with it a lightning fast gybe (controlled this time) and a pop of the sheets and sail as we came out on the new heading. The interesting part of this was watching the foredeck crew. The spinnaker is much different on this boat versus my little 14 foot racing dinghy or even the 30 footer. This requires a massive pole and a lot of preparation, as well as a Cirque du Soleil performance from one of the crew suspended off the deck changing lines from one place to the next when the tripping line fails, which happened a few times in our trip.
Uphauls, downhauls, active guys, snaps, jockey poles, tripping lines, blocks, halyards, lazy guys, and hot sheets. (I was glad they didn't refer to them as "hot guys".) This sail is huge, and the mess of associated gear must add a thousand pounds to the boat when including the sail. At least it is pretty, with its blue and white swishes and the large USA-77 on the front. This put the spinnaker on my 14' dinghy to shame – heck, I only need three lines to control it plus a downhaul!
It was a very interesting process. We would bear off slightly, let everything stabilize for a second, release the pole, clip it in to the new lee-side, then when it was called "READY" both the Main and Spinnaker would gybe together.
So far so good – we're into a long downwind run, practicing the occasional Gybe with a spinnaker and mainsail. I guess I should share my notes from a visit to each station in order.
The Tactician / Navigator. He's doing two jobs at once. On a real race, he is called part of an "afterguard", I believe. The race process starts with him. Steven talks to the helmsman (Dave the owner) and Dave carries out the best plan. He watches for wind shifts in the water, uses a range finder and hand bearing compass to find lay lines, and is sort of the boat's manager. His job is to keep the Helmsman informed of the best direction to drive the boat.
The helm, which just blew my mind, was controlled by Dave. This had two stations, one each side of the boat, and two wheels for each. The larger further away wheel (one closest to the nav gauges at each helm station), controlled the actual rudder. The second, smaller wheel controlled a trimming rudder. I was told that the boat can carry large weather helm on races when the main is held so tight for speed, and the trim wheel keeps everything in line without slowing the boat by using the barn-door sized rudder. To add to the humor of the day, on a zillion dollar boat, there was simple white tape on the top of the wheel, rather than a nifty braided rope which I call a topknot to show you when the rudder is amidships.
After steering the boat for about 15 minutes, I was invited to hang out with Tony D. His job was to trim and play the main sail. Whenever the speed dropped off, I was scolded by the helmsman and tactician for not trimming properly. I kept saying, "sorry there must have been a wind shift!" Dave's response was always along the lines of, "Tony blames it on the same thing." All of a sudden, I wouldn't feel so bad with a good laugh afterwards. For the most part on the downwind portions, we'd ease it all the way out, pull it ever so slightly back with the winch, and leave it be. The action would pick up when we would sail upwind.
You've got to have the strength of a bull and endurance of a marathon runner on crack to run the main sails when sailing upwind. The sheets are constantly going in or out, and you have to almost lay on the deck to keep looking up at the main to see if it is set right.
I spent most of the trip up to Oceanside either sitting on the rail, joking with the guys about the size of the boat, or below decks making coffee and sandwiches in the sparse galley. The galley below featured a cooler with food, a tiny sink (about the same size as the sink in my 30-footer's head) or trying to understand all of the readings on the gauges.
The gauges were interesting. They gave more acronyms than I could wrap my head around – TWS, TWA, AWA, AWS, VMG, DNM, BS, DTK, HDG and several others. I figured out a few on my own but needed to ask about the others.
About 15 minutes out of Oceanside, I was invited to hang out with Juan who handles the foresail trim and winch. Little did I know I was being recruited to hang out in a nice place called the sewer, which is a hatch on the deck that leads down to the sail locker. This is a dark place, showing the fiberglass hull and a small passage that would lead back to a nav station or the "human" occupied area of the boat. This was probably the V-Berth on the normal, not racing version. My new position was to help stuff the giant spinnaker back into its bag after the crew pulled it down, unclipped it, and so forth. Juan came down to help me and this went fairly easy considering we just yanked and stuffed close to 1000 square feet of sail in a long sock-like bag.
By the time I came back up, the Jib was set. The wind and waves were too strong to sail with the Genoa out anymore. The seas were getting rough, and uncomfortable. I couldn't imagine how the people in fishing boats and that Mac 26 trailer sailor that passed us were doing.
These sails were quite "pretty" for a manly racing boat. They were a funny clear plastic with silver/grey strands weaved strategically throughout. I asked if I could feel them since I didn't know if this is some sort of mythical fabric or what. It actually turns out that they are a sort of plastic fabric! It feels like they should crack or something when folded, but they are thick and durable.
Anyhow, back to the learning. I've been in heavy seas aboard the family's Formosa which is so heavy it almost cushions the waves, but this boat is so long and light in the hull, that it hits solid and hard in the mixed seas. The hull thuds when we crest a roller and cut back into the next wave. The wind had increased, along with sea conditions. I pulled on my watch cap and sailing gloves, and I carefully made my way back up to the foredeck to hang out with the Orangutan.
Up here, you get a real idea of how cold the California Pacific water really is. 50 degrees with spray and wind is begging for hypothermia. I carefully clipped in the double harness as I made my way forward to see what happens up here.
Well, I quickly found out. I was soaking wet, and the view was scary. The waves were tall, and when the bow rose to meet the crest of the roller we were pushed higher. It was like we were flying off of the surface of the water and slamming back into it. There was a tangled line from the spinnaker that bound itself into a turning block, and I was given a line to run back to a winch to help free it. I helped tie on a rolling hitch and carefully made my way back to the cockpit area where Tony D. wrapped it on a free winch and started cranking.
Without too much hassle, it broke free, and the Orangutan waved again. He must have been tired of slipping about on the foredeck, since he joined the rest of us in the cockpit and companionway for coffee. We were all soaking except for Steve and Dave. Again, I got to see it is good to be an owner or helmsman, as your crew shields the spray from you.
One more tack, as we head offshore and back towards the marina. Chips, coffee and sandwiches were handed out regularly. Most of my food got wet from salt water spray, and I had nowhere to wipe off my orange fingers from the Cheetos I was munching from a baggie.
I managed to get down the sloping cockpit closer to the water to rinse my fingers in the ocean, and as soon as I clipped in, BANG! The all too familiar sound of a sail flipping all over the place on the foredeck exploded in my ears. The boat stood up about 10 degrees as Juan and the Orangutan ran forward to investigate as the sheet and halyard was prepared to ease. The sail was flipping wildly and the sheets attached to it looked like bullwhips. We headed further up into the wind to bring the sail back over the deck.
"Is there anything I can do to help?"
Dave responded, "No just hang on."
The sail was still batting and smashing all over. I can still hear the clacks as the sheets whipped the standing rigging, mast and deck. I looked forward in just enough time to see the wind change and Juan was brushed off the deck as easy as if her were a dust bunny under the bed. Trying to correct the broken sail, he forgot to clip in.
"Man overboard!" Dave yelled and tossed him a U shaped floater which Juan swam towards.
Steve ran to the opposite helm and marked the GPS as Dave turned steered downwind. We were pushing past 10 knots with just the main, as the Orangutan wrestled the Jib back to the deck. Juan's vest has inflated with a dull "BUNT" sound after a few moments, and we could see him only when the waves would put him and us on top of a roller. Because his foulies were over his vest, he looked as if he had just inflated in to a 300 pound man. He was quickly disappearing as we turned back into the wind to complete a figure 8 pattern.
"Antonio, I need that head sail, what's going on up there," Dave yelled, "We're having a rough time trying to sail upwind without it."
"The shackle that holds it to the deck is broken," the Orangutan responded in his strange accent, barely audible over the wind and noise of the water.
By now, two others had leapt to the foredeck to help out. I was motioned to handle the main. Tony D. came crawling back and went below to find a new shackle. He reappeared after what seemed an eternity with a replacement as we crept toward Juan under a main only. It was frustrating watching him try to swim towards us, as we would head up, luff in the wind changes, have to fall off, then get speed and head back towards him again. "Ahhhh, my kingdom for an outboard," I thought.
I was trying my hardest to keep the main sheeted in as tight as I could and keep the traveler upwind. The puffiness of the wind and the constant changes were difficult to say the least. The boat would heel to 28-29 degrees, down to 10-15, then flat as we luffed, then back to almost 30. Juan was looking weary in the cold water as we crept towards him. The waves didn't help much either.
Antonio and Tony D, working with Steve managed to replace the shackle, and made their way back to the cockpit to raise the sail. When tightened, we moved forward now, heeling slightly more, but at a decent speed to retrieve our man overboard. A boathook extended out and with the boat turned to a ever-so-slight forereach / heave to, and we pulled him back on the long sloping transom and over the ledge.
I could see in his eyes, that only a few minutes in that cold weather had cost him a great deal of pain and he is going to be hypothermic soon enough. We ushered him below to put on a new vest and a dry jacket. He was already shivering as I made a new pot of coffee on the single burner camp stove.
Wrapping Juan in a wool blanket I found in a locker near the head, I returned up to the cockpit as I was starting to feel the uneasiness of my first bout of seasickness in my life. It quickly subsided as I got into the wind and water spray, and I turned aft to light a smoke and check I was clipped to my "nub" I found earlier on the deck.
Steve was adjusting the backstay as I was talking to Dave and Tony D. Antonio was busy trimming the Jib. We made tack after tack it seemed as we tried to fight our way back and forth into the Southern wind to get back to the tow boat.
It was pretty rough fighting the seas on the way back. I was afforded the opportunity to steer the boat for about 30 minutes while Dave took a break, "to take the Browns to the Super Bowl…" whatever that meant. When he returned he said Juan was ok and making another pot of coffee.
We were all soaking wet at this point. The only dry things I think I had was my baggie with a wallet, matches and lighter with smokes stuffed into my large pocket. I had a fast scare, as the main was too powerful, and I lost helm control to windward. I yelped to Steve, and he told the guys to ease the sails, and the rudder slipped right back into control. The heel during that moment was insane, I wish I had the chance to see the measurement, because the lee side winches were starting to go under the water.
The wind was starting to subside as we reached the tow boat on the VHF radio. We were still 30-45 minutes out tacking back and forth still every few miles. The tow would meet us by Point Loma where the waves were not as rough. The work of tacking frequently warmed us under our jackets and brought about higher spirits when Juan came back up from below decks with coffee for us all to refill our cups with.
"Hey I know a good way to warm up," Antonio shouted from the rail by the shrouds, and ripped a fart so loud you could just about feel it vibrate through the hull. I'm sure there were whales a few miles away wondering what happened to one of their kin.
"That's nothing compared to the ones I had last weekend," Tony D. said, as I was laughing with Dave and Steve so hard, I had tears in my eyes. What a crazy day it has been so far.
I spent about 20 minutes working with Tony D. and Paul on trimming the jib and asking lots of questions as Steve gabbed on the radio with the tow boat and Dave steered us back to Point Loma. For the most part, the jib stayed in one spot, but we were still getting wind shifts of around 20 degrees, and we would have to open the jib to keep the boat moving along properly.
Generally, the sails stayed as tight as possible, something I have never seen before. The main was played slightly back and forth, but the jib stayed put. I thought you had to trim the jib to match, so I must have been mistaken in my technique.
The waves were cutting back, we had the main trimmed well to a near constant 23 degree heel and were making great speed. I clicked through some of the screens on the lee side helm's Raytheon screen, and noticed our max speed recorded was 21.8 knots (probably when we were running downwind, as I noticed we were planning out of the waves on occasion) and we were currently doing 11.3. That's just SCREAMING along in my humble opinion. I'm happy to get 6 or 7 knots pushing my 30 footer to the limit. Max wind speed recorded was 38.5 if I remember correctly.
"Here comes one," Tony D. said, and his tailpipe sounded the fog horn. Two bursts from him had us all laughing again. I inquired if he would like to have me go get a towel from below to wipe off the overspray from his shorts. Dave told him to wipe the deck instead.
We did a few more tacks and the island started slipping into view. Next, came the Point and then we had more and more boat traffic picking up. We met the tow boat just outside the bay and tossed them the lines, as the crew took down the Jib and tied it to the foredeck. The main furled down and then we were under tow.
We made it back to the Marina without event. The waves are much more pronounced when not under sail but not uncomfortable like the rollers out offshore were. We were tied to the cleats when I heard that familiar music of the halyards clanging on masts which meant to me were back safe "in the nest."
I did a lot of hand shaking, and thanking for the wonderful day, as we agreed to meet up for dinner at the marina's dual purpose seafood store and restaurant which featured everything under the sun. After dinner and extended goodbyes, I was invited to give them a call anytime I wanted to stop by and go for a weekend sail or race if I get back to San Diego. This is an offer I will be accepting in the near future.
Making my way back south across downtown in my car and parking it near the hotel I had in the Gas Lamp District (a nice, modern part of downtown), I just realized I wouldn't feel the same spending a week aboard a Beneteau 40.7 after that ride. Of course, that's another story for another day!
Thanks for reading!
Life in the fast lane, well for one day at least...
OOPS hang on, formatting problems!
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