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Health Information
ShiitakeSkip to the navigation
Parts Used & Where Grown
Wild shiitake mushrooms are native to Japan, China, and other Asian countries and typically grow on fallen broadleaf trees. Shiitake is now widely cultivated throughout the world, including the United States. The fruiting body is used medicinally.
Our proprietary "Star-Rating" system was developed to help you easily understand the amount of scientific support behind each supplement in relation to a specific health condition. While there is no way to predict whether a vitamin, mineral, or herb will successfully treat or prevent associated health conditions, our unique ratings tell you how well these supplements are understood by the medical community, and whether studies have found them to be effective for other people.
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3 Stars Reliable and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit.
2 Stars Contradictory, insufficient, or preliminary studies suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit.
1 Star For an herb, supported by traditional use but minimal or no scientific evidence. For a supplement, little scientific support.
This supplement has been used in connection with the following health conditions:
|Used for
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
One study found that shiitake formulations containing Lentinus edodes mycelium may help decrease blood markers of liver inflammation
An uncontrolled trial found that shiitake formulations containing Lentinus edodes mycelium (LEM- the powdered mycelium of the mushroom before the cap and stem grow) may help decrease blood markers of liver inflammation.2 One marker of hepatitis B infection in the blood (HBeAg) disappeared in 14% of the patients in this trial. Given the preliminary nature of the research, more information is needed to determine if LEM is effective for hepatitis.
1 Star
HIV and AIDS Support
Refer to label instructions
Shiitake is medicinal mushroom immune-modulating effects that may be beneficial for people with HIV infection.
Immune-modulating plants that could theoretically be beneficial for people with HIV infection include Asian ginseng , eleuthero , and the medicinal mushrooms shiitake and reishi . One preliminary study found that steamed then dried Asian ginseng (also known as red ginseng) had beneficial effects in people infected with HIV, and increased the effectiveness of the anti-HIV drug, AZT.3 This supports the idea that immuno-modulating herbs could benefit people with HIV infection, though more research is needed.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Shiitake supports the immune system and protects against microbes.
Herbs that support a person's immune system in the fight against microbes include the following: American ginseng , andrographis , Asian ginseng , astragalus , coriolus, eleuthero , ligustrum , maitake , picrorhiza , reishi , schisandra , and shiitake.
Traditional Use (May Not Be Supported by Scientific Studies)
Shiitake has been revered in Japan and China as both a food and medicinal herb for thousands of years. Wu Ri, a physician from the Chinese Ming Dynasty era (A.D. 1368-1644), wrote extensively about this mushroom, noting its ability to increase energy, cure colds , and eliminate worms.1
How It Works
How It Works
Shiitake contains proteins, fats, carbohydrates, soluble fiber , vitamins, and minerals. In addition, shiitake's key ingredient-found in the fruiting body-is a polysaccharide called lentinan. Commercial preparations employ the powdered mycelium of the mushroom before the cap and stem grow. This preparation is called lentinus edodes mycelium extract (LEM). LEM is rich in polysaccharides and lignans.
One preliminary trial suggested that oral shiitake may be useful for people with hepatitis B .4 A highly purified, intravenous form of lentinan is used in Japan and has been reported to increase survival in people with recurrent stomach cancer, particularly when used in combination with chemotherapy.5 Similar findings have been found in one small clinical trial with people suffering from pancreatic cancer.6 Case reports from Japan suggest that intravenous lentinan may be helpful in treating people with HIV infection.7 However, large-scale clinical trials to confirm this action have not yet been performed.
Oral supplementation of lentinan from shiitake has been shown to significantly reduce the recurrence rate of genital warts (condyloma acuminata). A preliminary trial involving a group of men and women with genital warts found that those who took 12.5 mg of lentinan twice a day for two months after laser surgery had significantly fewer recurrences (10.53% recurrence rate) compared to those who only had the laser surgery (47.06% recurrence rate).8
How to Use It
The traditional intake of the whole, dried shiitake mushroom is 6-16 grams per day.9 The mushroom is typically eaten in soups or taken as a decoction (i.e., boiled for 10-20 minutes, cooled, strained, and drunk). Recommended intake of LEM is 1-3 grams two to three times per day. Purified lentinan is considered a drug in Japan and is not currently available as an herbal supplement in North America.
Interactions with Supplements, Foods, & Other Compounds
Interactions with Medicines
Certain medicines interact with this supplement.
Replenish Depleted Nutrients
Reduce Side Effects
Support Medicine
Lentinan is a complex sugar found in shiitake mushrooms (Lentinas edodes) and is recognized as an immune modulator. In an early human trial, 88 HIV-infected people received didanosine (400 mg per day) plus a 2 mg lentinan injection per week.10 Didanosine-lentinan combination therapy improved CD4 immune cell counts for a significantly longer period than didanosine alone. Lentinan is under investigation as an adjunct therapy to be used with didanosine for HIV infection.11 Oral preparations of shiitake are available, but it is not known if they would be an effective treatment with didanosine for HIV infection.
Reduces Effectiveness
Potential Negative Interaction
Explanation Required
Side Effects
Related Information
1. Jones K. Shiitake: The Healing Mushroom. Rochester, VT: Healing Arts Press, 1995.
2. Harada T, Kanetaka T, Suzuki H, Suzuki K. Therapeutic effect of LEM (extract of cultured Lentinus edodes mycelia) against HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterol Int 1988;1(suppl 1):abstract 719.
3. Cho YK, Kim Y, Choi M, et al. The effect of red ginseng and zidovudine on HIV patients. Int Conf AIDS 1994;10:215 [abstract no. PB0289].
4. Jones K. Shiitake: A major medicinal mushroom. Alt Compl Ther 1998;4:53-9 [review].
5. Taguchi I. Clinical efficacy of lentinan on patients with stomach cancer: End point results of a four-year follow-up survey. Cancer Detect Prevent Suppl 1987;1:333-49.
6. Matsuoka H, Seo Y, Wakasugi H, et al. Lentinan potentiates immunity and prolongs the survival time of some patients. Anticancer Res 1997;17:2751-6.
7. Hobbs C. Medicinal Mushrooms. Santa Cruz, CA: Botanica Press, 1995, 125-8.
8. Guangwen Y, Jianbin Y, Dongqin L, et al. Immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects of lentinan in treating condyloma acuminata. CJIM 1999;5:190-2.
9. Hobbs C. Medicinal Mushrooms. Santa Cruz, CA: Botanica Press, 1995, 125-8.
10. Gordon M, Guralnik M, Kaneko Y, et al. A phase II controlled study of a combination of the immune modulator, lentinan, with didanosine (ddI) in HIV patients with CD4 cells of 200-500/mm3. J Med 1995;26:193-207.
11. Threlkeld DS, ed. News, Keeping Up, December 1994, Lentinan. In Facts and Comparisons Drug Information. St. Louis, MO: Facts and Comparisons, Dec 1997, 805.
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Like , one day I am smoking weed and trying to remove the smell of it from my car and the next day the weed smell is gone and I am married. WTF!! Wow is all i can say. One day i am fishing, hunting and living the good life as a bachelor, plus living in the same house for 15 years and the next moment i have moved house and got married and have a roomful of wedding gifts and a wife lying next to me in the morning. How the worm has turned!!
Life goes so fast and it is incredible to think that getting married and having a large number of groomsmen there plus my wifes bridesmaids and the family can cost $20,000. Where does the time go and where does the money go. Its insane
Did we eat that much, did we really need the limousines, the special wedding dress that would feed 30 villages in africa for a month.
OMG that is a big job but we did have a great company to help us shifting house but the most difficult part was trying to agree on a house to buy first that we both loved, My old house that i relocated was enough for me. yes sure the plumbing was a bit poor but it was home. the day the moving truck arrived at our place was the day the reality set in. it was enormous and i thought what am i going to put in it?
we had heaps of groomsmen gifts ready for the big day (we had 12 groomsmen) and also flowers for the bridesmaid, presents for the bridesmaid. Fortunately none of us got the flu on the day which is fortuitous being that the bridal team had plenty of sniffles in rehearsal
My wife sally looked radiant and was so excited about the wedding day but moving house first was a wrong move
It caused a lot of stress and meant that the wedding preparations were delayed again and the gifts had to be stored over and over. Great when you are trying to move house to have 30 gifts sitting in the garage getting moisture damage. She has just purchased a massive bathroom mirror which was damaged by mold and water but we were able to get it fixed sort of. She opted to get a new bathroom mirror yea!!!
Anyway here we are and she is lying next to me now fast asleep and looking beautiful. perhaps I am the luckiest man in the world and i have the perfect wife, the perfect house and a lovely family
So all you guys out there take it from me, it is time to settle down and to lead a life that involves having clean sheets, a clean house, an outside dog, and whats more a life that is caring and forgiving. Welcome to marriage 101. Comment below if you want to


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During a honey flow, they will draw out the plastic probably as well as anything. But given the choice, they prefer to draw out their own wax comb.
So after they have drawn out comb and filled it are they happy to go back to it after you have taken honey off?


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A majestic three-branch sconce featuring scalloped bobeches and gracefully curved, elongated arms which rise from a central fleur-de-lis crown.
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Hi there. I have just installed new headlights in my 08 Subaru wrx. In order to do so, I had to remove the battery and the K&n Intake. After I was finished, and hooked everything back up, I notice a significant change in throttle response. If i just touch the gas, it doesn't do anything. Before, when I touched the gas pedal slightly, the engine would rev. What happened?
p.s Are 80 watt bulbs safe...?


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Who you kidding? The public (the consumer) has no idea what honey is and what is in it because it hasn't been defined.
...I got blasted because I said I wouldn't feed anything but honey
...and now you are surprised to find various sugars in honey? :? You got a hard sell on this forum trying to eliminating sugar from honey. Good luck with that one.
And if this is the reasoning and testing that will ultimately be used to condemn local beekeepers who happen to put honey on the shelves that happen to be "tainted" with certain sugars....God help us all.
Of course I would never outright call this beekeeper, or any beekeeper, someone peddling "snakeoil". What a nasty thing to say about beekeepers, when you have no clue probably how any sugars got into their honey.
Quote from: BjornBee on January 07, 2011, 03:17:06 PMAnd if this is the reasoning and testing that will ultimately be used to condemn local beekeepers who happen to put honey on the shelves that happen to be "tainted" with certain sugars....God help us all.i think we can agree that if the honey is 30% beet sugar, there is a real problem? that regardless of "intentions", this should not be on the shelf as pure honey?Quote Of course I would never outright call this beekeeper, or any beekeeper, someone peddling "snakeoil". What a nasty thing to say about beekeepers, when you have no clue probably how any sugars got into their honey.what if the beekeeper is large enough scale that they are having their honey tested, and selling the rejects to the unwitting local beekeepers? we are actually seeing this, this is not theory."snakeoil" was acebird's term, not mine.no, in the case of the marachino cherries, no one was trying to pull anything off (except perhaps keep bees where there isn't adequate forage)....but should that end up in a jar called "pure honey"? if it does and someone is allergic to cherry syrup or corn sugar, what happens? it isn't honey, and the person selling it is ultimately responsible.deknow
But I guess my point is that unless every beekeeper tests their honey, there is no way to even know what is in it. ...one day we may all have too have testing to prove honey is not tainted?Honey for all beekeepers, has always been what the bees collect. Discounting obvious sugar feeding (which lets be honest, is not a huge problem in this country) and obvious cases like the cherry company, no beekeeper could even guarantee that honey is pure. So we will have a honey standard in place, that each and ever beekeeper has one choice to protect themselves....have your honey tested every year. And this is exactly what I said would eventually happen when this all first started. And to do so, makes every beekeeper open to the possibilities only limited by what their bees go out and collect.I find all this about the same as beekeepers seeking protection, getting a gun, shooting themselves in the foot, suggesting it's for their best interest and the best interest of the public (which never complained before), and walking down the street bleeding all over the place, thinking they were better than they were before. The grass is always greener before you get to the other side of the fence. But it rarely ends up being true.
i was surprised to see 30% beet sugar
Nothing is pure, not one single food item is ever pure and non of the regulations expect it.
"Honey" means the natural food product resulting from the harvest of nectar by honeybees and thenatural activities of the honeybees in processing nectar.
Quote i was surprised to see 30% beet sugarWhy? Monsanto has GMO'd corn and now they are GMOing beets. The two sugars are interchangeable in the food industry. So why does it shock you?
I guess I should just shut up and just read might learn been told I ramble too. that's what old men do I guess. I don't want to change anyone's mind on any thing if it works for you go for it.DonI'll not post for couple weeks to let you rest=bye
I would think that regs for maple syrup could be more straight forward than for honey. After all...maple trees don't fly around getting in to who knows what.Scott


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I just found about Openshot, a recent addition to the list of Linux video editors, and from what I can see, it is awesome. I am by no means a video editing expert, but I have seen the screenshots, videos, as well as the list of features, and this application seems to have LOTS of potential.
Check it out and visit their OFFICIAL SITE


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Treasure of Detroit Gala and Reunion Celebration Weekend planned Sept. 27, 28
DETROIT -- Wayne State University Law School, Wayne Law Board of Visitors and Wayne Law Alumni Association have announced the 2013 Treasure of Detroit Gala and Reunion Celebration Weekend for Friday, Sept. 27, and Saturday, Sept. 28.
Since 1998, the Treasure of Detroit has been Wayne Law's premiere event to honor the brightest lights in the legal profession and to celebrate the growth and success of the law school. Wayne Law alumni and friends are invited to reconnect with classmates and faculty members and be a part of honoring colleagues who have made a lasting contribution to the practice of law.
The weekend will begin with a reunion reception from 7 to 10 p.m. Friday, Sept. 27, in the Ford Field Hall of Legends, 2000 Brush St., Detroit. Tickets are $50, and the evening includes hors d'oeuvres, open bar and dancing. Complimentary parking will be available in the Ford Field Parking Deck. The following classes will be honored: 1943, 1948, 1953, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1973, 1978, 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2013.
The Treasure of Detroit Gala will take place from 6 to 10 p.m. Saturday, Sept. 28, in the Atheneum Suite Hotel International Banquet Center, 400 Monroe St., Detroit. Tickets are $150, and the optional black tie evening includes open bar, plated dinner and awards program. Valet parking is included and discounted hotel accommodations are available. This year's honorees have yet to be announced.
For tickets to either or both events, visit go.wayne.edu/treasure2013. Reservation deadline is Monday, Sept. 23. For more details, call (313) 577-3113 or email email@example.com.


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Discussion in 'February 2012' started by roscoe36, Feb 13, 2012.
7:30 PM EST TV: FS Detroit / NBA league Pass Radio: 97.1 The Ticket
...Monroe vs Cousins ..."Pisstons" vs "Excremento"
The Pistons will totally dominate the (soon-to-become-Seattle-Sonics) Kings. I wanna see Monroe dunk on Cousins.
Tommy Gores vs. the Maloof boys
This is the game where Monroe shows Cuz a thing or two.
This one game should settle the Cousins v. Monroe debate for all time!
Rising stars preview.
I see GM really playin with fire to prove something.
Zeke 2 in the house 2nite
Rough start, down 7 after the 1st. Stuck is on fire with 16 points. Cousins won the 1st quarter matchup against Monroe with 8pts and 5rebs.
It is no Cousins vs Monroe, its Stuckey vs his contact ! And stuckey won!
If he plays like that every other game, Joe is a genius! I'm cautiously optimistic, since it's no secret the Kings are terrible.
Fun game. The Kings hit first, and the Pistons found themselves down by double digits numerous times and came back every single time, finally getting over the hump in the fourth quarter. This was exactly the type of game our guards and JJ thrive in, fast paced, high scoring, up and down basketball. Rodney with a great scoring night, scoring 36, just 4 shy of his career high. Three straight games of over 20 now for him. The best thing about his game was not only was he scoring a lot, as a SG should, he played some solid defense, getting a block on a big man (close, could've gone either way) and he drew a charge on Tyreke as well. And he got to the line a LOT, throwing in a three point play for good measure. Hit a big 3 in the fourth as well. This is why the Pistons should run more; all of the guards are better with a faster paced offense. Brandon bounced back very nicely, getting his second career double double with 23/10 and 6 boards. He was cold early, and his shooting percentage isn't great as he perhaps took a bit too many shots, but he hit the first of 2 straight 3s by the Pistons (second was Stuck's) to put the Kings back on their heels with just over 2 minutes left and get the team its 10th win of the season. He got a bunch of transition buckets as well, once freezing Fredette by the hoop for a layup, and one. He had a hell of a game, going without the mask all the way this time. BG had a so so game, starting out well enough but he was forcing it a bit too much in the fourth, prompting Lawrence Frank to give him the hook. His handles looked Daye-like at some points too. Greg struggled in this game, on both ends. He shot 1 for 7 and gave up a bunch of dunks and layups to the more athletic Cousins. DMC had 26 and 15 shooting a very high percentage, Greg had 3 and 8. These two were battling all night. Greg will want to bounce back against Boston who got KG back. JJ played well, the team's best running forward, playing with a lot of energy and being the beneficiary of a bunch of transition scoring opportunities, as evidenced by his shooting 80% for 11 points. Also made a nice pass to Big Ben for a dunk that would've brought the house down if it'd gone down (Cousins ruined it). Big Ben was great, picking up DeMarcus and making him settle for jumpers a little bit more (unfortunately he made them too) but he slowed the Kings' inside offense a little bit. He also drew a charge against Thompson (I think) just as the ball was put in play on the Kings' side of the floor. The Pistons are going to miss him big time when he retires. Max played okay, hitting a jumper and missing a dunk. Had 7 boards as well. Tay played very well, shooting much better than he did at Boston for 22 points. He also had 10 boards, the first time this season he's out rebounded Greg iirc. He ran in transition more than usual, also the beneficiary of some nice transition opportunities. The team certainly is looking much better, they're playing together, and they obviously all listen to Lawrence Frank. A well coached team. Yeah the Kings' defense sucks, but they showed a lot of resolve after getting down by double digits numerous times and fighting back to get the win at the end, they did a good job regardless of the competition.
Maxiell didn't disappoint... exactly 6 points in five straight games now.
I'm going to have to go ahead and agree with you there. Not only does it increase the pace, but it rewards defensive effort and it leads to higher percentage shots. When guys put the ball in the basket, it gets the going.
Hi Alexa. I will read your report, but first, here are my comments. I believe, if I heard correctly, JJ is suffering from a bad back at the moment. In tonight's game, you can get a hint of why maybe he has a bad back. When in, he was positively dwarfed by the opposing bigs. This is not a sustainable thing. Now, because of this bad back, Big Ben Wallace has seen a ton of minutes these past two games, and us fans have gotten the treat of seeing most of the games with an actual power forward in at least most of the time. And we get two straight strong 4th quarter finishes. Another thing the coach did right - he kept Wilkins out of the 2nd half, and Russel out of the whole game. We don't need guys out there who can't score the ball. In the 2nd half, Stuckey played some small forward to spell Tay. Not a bad setup. Stuckey certainly has the size to play some small forward - and the other team was playing 3 guards also. (still not a proponent of us using a 3-guard set - but it is way better than putting Wilkins in the game at any time.) In these two games, it seems the coach is coaching to win. However, it remains to be seen if he really cares about winning. More likely, we will see JJ again soon getting totally outmatched instead of more wins. Meanwhile, Tay played too many minutes tonight. Sure, absolutely, I loved watching a win tonight. Thrilled no end. But we don't need to be losing Tay from playing too many minutes. And wow, all we got to do - play JJ as the backup (or starting) small forward when he returns totally healthy. I propose filling the void left by JJ moving to small forward by using Macklin. But if Ben can play 24 minutes a night, Monroe 36, that leaves just 36 minutes for JMAX to cover. Which is too much for him. But he can cover 24, leaving 12 minutes left. That would be just a 6 minute stretch for Macklin each half. Not much. In this game we spent the first half waiving the Kings on to score on their fast breaks. So thats all they talked about at the half - and the Pistons ended up outfastbreaking them by games end. Darn good turnaround there. Points in the paint - we were down a couple of buckets, but that is not bad on a night when Monroe only gets 3 points. Stuckey and Knight got to the hoop a lot. Gordon helped some there too, and of course a lot of it was on our much improved fast breaks in the 2nd half. OK - a couple of double doubles to talk about. Tay had one of them, with 10 bounds and over 20 points. And Knight had a really impressive one, ten assists with no turns to go with his over 20 points. Knight included 4 of 6 triples made. Knight seems to be a clutch player, with no shyness to take big shots late. Ben Wallace did a fine job of turning their big into a jump shooter in the 4th quarter. Can't ask much more than that. And Stuckey. No assists. But you got to be happy with 36 points, especially when so many were at the hoop or at the foul line from driving to the hoop. Next game is Boston Sunday at 6. We need to win that one, as Boston is the team we have to catch now for a playoff spot what with NY all the sudden surging with Lsanity. Boston is just 4 games up on us in the win column. It can most certainly be done, getting us into the playoffs. We got the team. Now will the coach keep coaching like these past two nights? One last note, Daye did not play these past two games. He should have - for any minutes that Russel or Wilkins got. And we would be even a better team.
Tough game for this Pistons fan. It was nice to see the Pistons run and gun, and Rodney and Brandon had fantastic games. I've taken tons of shots at Rodney over the past few years, but I can admit that he has been playing very well lately. The future of this team looks like GM, BK, RS, and some other guys. I really think they are one athletic big away from being very competitive. I think that guy is Anthony Davis. So, as nice as it is to see the Pistons win this game, every win takes them farther from the possibility of a young, athletic, 6'11" defensive juggernaut... which is exactly what they need. Cousins is legit. The Pistons didn't get a chance to grab him in the draft, but don't fool yourselves that he is going to flame out or be a bust. Davis is a much different player than Cousins... more like Ben Wallace than Shaq. Pistons management needs to keep their eyes on the prize, and Pistons players need to compete and get better.
Maybe a trade before the Draft will get us Davis. Our Pick (that it will be 6th to 10th ) + anything they ask except GM, BK and Stuckey. (maybe our 2013 first pick)
I would love for this to happen.
I would take that deal in a hartbeat.
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German Shepherd Dog Forums (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/)
- Aggression (the good, the bad & the ugly) (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/aggression-good-bad-ugly/)
- - Protective at own home or fearful? (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/aggression-good-bad-ugly/196175-protective-own-home-fearful.html)
Protective at own home or fearful?
Hello Alll!
Backstory - We got Axel from the Women's Prison where they do a theraputic dog training program. He was timid at the beginning and only wanted to hide. We have had him for four weeks now and he has very much come out of his shell! We take him everywhere and with a pinch collar is well behaved in social situations or is happy to be in the car waiting.
The problem is when someone comes over to our home. He barks and has recently been becoming more aggressive as the number of visitors increases. He won't listen to us or even pay attention to us. He isnt outwardly social out of the home, which I've read is common in GSD's. Its ONLY when people, even ones he is familiar with, come into our home or even pull up outside our house.
He is our first GSD and need help with this situation. We love him dearly but love our friends as well. Should we go to classes? Get a trainer? (He was trained when we got him from the prison) Give our friends treats to give him when they come over? We are at a loss.
Any help would be appreciated!
Are you in WA state?
Axel would have been a drop-out then, didn't pass the therapy program?
Not a drop-out
No, we are in MT.
He did pass the program...we watched him with his trainer and the public and he was wonderful and well behaved.
It's been in the past week that when people come over he gets aggressive. We can be at someones house or walking the street and he's fine. He started out just barking but now has started bearing his teeth.
Is there a certain training technique that may help with this? or just socialization? I know he should have passed the program, I just don't know what's gotten into him.
I absolutely think you should get a trainer. It doesn't really matter whether it's protective or fearful behavior (though my money is on fear, based on your description of him), because it's out of control and getting worse. Having visitors coming to the door is probably a situation they couldn't train for much at a prison program. Dogs don't generalize like humans do anyway--even if they simulated door greetings in the prison program (or he was in a foster home, or whatever), he might see things very differently in your house. Because of this, there isn't really a training technique (as in, something you'd do in general) that will fix this problem. Instead, you're going to have to teach him what you want him to do when people come over.
Think of training more like a process than something that can be done and over with. Every time you handle your dog, you're teaching him something. Hiring a trainer will both help you learn to handle this behavior and make sure you're not accidentally making it worse. Taking your dog to classes may be useful on a few different levels, but I'd also see if you can find a trainer to come to your house and work with you in the environment/situation that is causing the problem.
So, step one is to call a trainer ASAP and make an appointment. I'd actually call several in the area, describe the problem, and ask them how they'd approach it (as a general thing, not like a step-by-step walkthrough). Go with the one you feel most comfortable with.
Until your appointment with the trainer, you need to change some of your management practices for two reasons: one, this is a potential safety issue for your visitors; and two, every time he goes nuts when someone comes over, he's practicing and reinforcing the behavior. It's making your job harder.
If he is crate trained, probably the safest thing to do is put him in his crate when people are coming over. It's not a long-term solution, but it will get you through until you get some one-on-one help.
If that is not an option, then make sure that he is always on a leash when people are coming over. If people tend to drop by just to say hello, ask them to stop doing that for the time being--you need to be prepared for them.
Does your dog have a "watch me" or "focus" command? If not, teach one; if so, work on really reinforcing it in calm situations. Also, do you have other people living in the house with you who can let the visitors in? If so, what I would do is have Axel on a leash either far back from the door or even in another room (you'll eventually move closer, but to start with he needs to be far enough back that you have a chance of keeping his attention). He's on a leash, you have a lot of treats, and you give him basic commands like watch me, sit, etc. Reward him a lot, whenever he looks at you or is calm. If he's going nuts, do what it takes to get his focus back...move around, whatever, and as soon as he looks at you, reward him. Basically, you're teaching him that when people come over, the best thing to do is calmly pay attention to you, not the visitors. If you don't have someone to let the guests in, leave the door unlocked and ask them to let themselves in.
Initially too, you may want to ask people to give you a call when they're at the door, or let themselves in (or have your spouse/roommate/whoever watch for them) rather than knocking or ringing the doorbell. The reason is that your dog may be somewhat conditioned to go nuts at the sound of the bell--like Pavlov's dogs except barking instead of salivating. ;) Again, just like being able to have Axel at the door, this is something that you will eventually add back in, but your goal here is to keep things under control.
Until you get a trainer's help, I would also try to minimize having people over. I know that can be difficult around the holidays, but it is probably the safest option.
My final piece of advice would be that, since this may very well be fear-based behavior, I would keep things very positive. You want Axel to associate people coming over with good things, not with punishment. He likely wouldn't see the punishment as directly tied to the behavior, but to the presence of the guests, and so it would just confirm in his mind that people coming over is a Bad Thing. Instead, you want to control the situation so that giving you the behavior you want is the easiest thing for him, then reward him for doing so. He'll become conditioned to associate guests with treats and calmness, not with barking and punishment.
If he settles down once people are in the house and it's only them pulling up/entering that is a problem, it wouldn't be bad to have them give him treats and attention, but it probably won't solve your door problem. Guests at the door and guests already in the house can be two very different things in a dog's mind.
DITTO what they said! Great advice!
My first GSD, Bear, had to be told "it's okay" before someone could enter my home, then he left them alone. But he was trained to do that. He wasn't shy, though, so I'm betting on fear and adjustment to new territory with your dog. I also think a trainer is in order so you can work with this, but do your research before picking one!
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text:
Download this .pdf tutorial and learn to use formulas and functions to perform calculations.
Inside this course:
Performing calculations, whether simple or complex, can be tedious and time consuming. You can use Excel functions and formulas to do these calculations for you.
Before you begin
1. Create a simple formula
2. Update a formula result automatically
3. Add a range with the SUM function
4. Copy a formula with AutoFill
5. Use AutoSum to calculate quickly
6. Edit a formula
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Practice file
Tutorial lessons are designed to be viewed in order. Download and use this practice file for hands-on experience while taking the tutorial.
FunctionFormulas.xlsx (12 KB)
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text:
By Nik Brumsack
Thomas Eisfeld believes a change in training methods is a major reason behind the number of talented German playmakers who have broken through in recent years.
Mario Gotze, 20, Mesut Ozil, 24, Marco Reus, 23, and Julian Draxler, 19, were all nurtured by German academies before eventually going on to excel at Champions League level.
Eisfeld admits he has been inspired by the success of that quartet, and believes a heightened focus on technique in training has helped them to maximise their potential.
"I think it [their emergence] has a lot to do with the youth in Germany at the moment, because a lot of hard work is being done there," Eisfeld told Arsenal Player.
"I remember from my time in Germany, we did a lot of work with the ball. Maybe in the past it was different in Germany. There was more of an emphasis on tackling and battling for possession.
"Now there's more stress on passing, dribbling and technical ability.
"[Ozil, Reus, Draxler and Gotze] are all sublime players. I think I can take a lot from their game and I will. I want to learn a lot from them."
Eisfeld was in the same Borussia Dortmund youth team as the highly-rated Gotze, and he believes the German international can become one of the best players on the planet.
"For me he's an excellent player. He's outstanding - one of the best 20-year-olds in the world. He's already world-class but if he carries on the way he's going, he'll be in the best 10 in the world."
Watch the full interview with Thomas on Arsenal Player now.Copyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


text:
Over the course of last season, we ran a series of features in the Official Matchday Programme with some Arsenal-supporting London 2012 Olympic hopefuls. We continue with hockey star Harry Martin...
Harry Martin may only be 19, but the hockey star is already an established member of the GB squad, having come to prominence for his country last year in the Commonwealth Games in India.
One of the most talked about attacking players the game has seen in a years, the Ipswich-born Gooner creates and scores goals at inside forward for England and also his club, Old Loughtonians - and he told us earlier that it's the strong Arsenal association at 'Old Loughts' that has inspired his love of the Gunners.
Tell us about your support for Arsenal first Harry...
I guess I've been a fan ever since I joined Old Loughtonians Hockey Club when I was around 12. They have such a strong connection with the team. If we have a game and then Arsenal are on TV later that afternoon, the whole team will be in the clubhouse cheering the lads on. Once I'd joined Old Loughts you soon feel like a fan. The first match I remember watching and really knowing I was a true supporter was the 2005 FA Cup final when we won on penalties. I think the fact my dad's a Man United fan made me want us to win even more!
And another England hockey player with Arsenal connections, Darren Cheesman, came through Old Loughtonians, didn't he?
Yes, Darren was one of the original players who came from the actual 'Gunners' youth team there, set up by Arsenal in the Community, whereas I was at a small club in Ipswich originally. Darren's a huge Arsenal fan and he's helped me a lot in my career.
Do you get to see Arsenal live very much?
I've been down to Emirates Stadium quite a few times, though it's nearly always midweek because of playing at weekends. I'm from Ipswich and I came to the Carling Cup semi-final with lots of my mates who are big Ipswich fans, at one point I had to put a jumper on to cover my Arsenal shirt as I was stood with hundreds of their fans!
Looking around the stadium, could you imagine playing hockey in front of 60,000 fans here?
That would be amazing. In the Commonwealth Games in India I played in front of 30,000 people - all supporting India! That was an incredible atmosphere, the fans were really passionate but it really spurred me on.
Do you know much about the hockey stadium you'll be gracing this summer?
Funnily enough, we were down there last week to play on the pitch, which has now been put down. It was a really nice surface, though an unusual colour, blue with pink around the edge – I think it's done that way for TV. The stands weren't built yet but I think it's going to hold around 20,000 fans and having that home support will be unbelievable. Everyone was really excited about going down there last week.
You were in the England squad whilst you were still at school, was that difficult?
It was really hard because after the Commonwealth Games, going back to school was the last thing that I wanted to do. I carried on though and just got to training camps when I could.
How good are GB currently?
At the moment we are fourth in the world, behind Germany, Holland and Australia. We do beat Germany and Holland though.
And Australia?
[laughs] They are a bit ahead at the minute, but we did beat them last year.
Unlike a number of our Arsenal Olympians, you're involved in a sport where there will definitely be an expectation to claim a medal…
We'll be pretty disappointed if we don't get at least to the semi-finals. In fact, in the last couple of tournaments we've lost in the semis and there's nothing worse. It's good though that we are in a position where we are disappointed if we don't make a final, it shows we are doing okay. I remember the euphoria when we won gold in Seoul in 1988, suddenly everyone loved hockey! I think there's huge excitement in the hockey world about the Olympics, it's massive for us, we all know that. If we do well it will raise our profile. It helps our funding too, although to be honest we've been really lucky with funding. I've spoken to people who were in the system in the past and they had to hold down jobs as well as train and I'm so thankful we don't have to do that.
Back to Arsenal and which players do you particularly admire?
Well I was disappointed to see Cesc leave, but you can understand his reasons. Obviously I really like Robin van Persie, he's unbelievable and I'm a really big fan of Jack Wilshere. I sort of relate to him in that he was quite young to be breaking into England's senior squad and I was gutted, like all supporters, when we found out his injury was worse than we thought.


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Law Alumni Association announces newly elected board officers, members
DETROIT (July 25, 2011) – Wayne State University Law School and its Law Alumni Association (LAA) are pleased to announce newly elected LAA board officers and members.
The officers for 2011-12 are: President Suzanne Johnson, '84; President-elect Rob Kent, '08; Vice President for Planning Kim Yapchai, '93; Vice President for Finance June Lee, '01; Vice President for Membership Michael Fayz, '91; Treasurer Cesare Sclafani, '08; and Secretary Stefania Gismondi, '10.
Board members who were elected or re-elected are: Kevin Bartlett, '97; Sarah Biedron, '11; Michelle Burns, '10; Meghan Curavo, '10; Carlos Escurel, '01; Kevin Kalczynski, '00; David Michael, '03; Stephen Ravas, '05; Hayley Rohn-Davé, '07; Jami Statham, '06; Sara VanderWerff, '91; and Margaret VanMeter, '87. They join the following veteran board members: David Belanger,'86; Sean Blume, '02; Jehan Crump-Gibson, '09; Christopher Darrow, '00; Gerald Gleeson, '95; Kara Hart-Negrich, '09; Diane Hutcherson, '86; Lorena Jaquet, '03; Andrew Kandrevas, '01; Jeff Klenner, '07; Eric Kociba, '01; Megan McGown, '09; Joe Richotte, '07; K.C. Rucker, '06; Bruce Segal, '84; Daniel Simjanovski, '02; and Erin Springer, '08.
The above LAA board members serve three-year terms expiring in 2012, 2013 and 2014, while officers serve one-year terms.
"We are excited to welcome our new officers and board members to the Law Alumni Association board," said Wayne Law Alumni Officer Kathryn L. Koehler. "We look forward to a productive and fulfilling year for the Law Alumni Association."
For more information on the LAA or its upcoming events, visit http://law.wayne.edu/alumni/index.php. Contact Koehler at (313) 577-6199 or email@example.com with questions.
- ### -
Wayne State University is a premier urban research university offering more than 400 academic programs through 13 schools and colleges to nearly 32,000 students.
For more information about Wayne State University Law School, visit law.wayne.edu.


text:
I've spent some years being a merchant on various MMO's, and I've been wanting to branch out and find new MMOs to merch. I figured the best way I could do that is if I, through the assistance of the users on this forum, created a list of MMOs focused on their economic and merching aspects.
One of the quickest ways to know what a merching experience will be like is through knowing some key aspects of the in-game economy. There are some features and traits of MMO economies which have profound impacts on merching gameplay. Some clear examples would be auction houses, free/restricted trade, and playerbase.
I'd like this thread to be a brainstorming thread. What do all of you think are some of the most economy-defining characteristics of MMO's?
-Presence of Auction House and/or trade system
-Market Freedom (free or restricted trade)
-Single or multiple currencies
-Strength/presence of black market
-Player-owned shops
-Diversity in items
-Inflation tendencies
-MMO age
-Wealth stratification
Any help is much appreciated. More traits, in-game examples, and whatever else you can provide is encouraged.
Thanks to everyone who posts!


text:
Hi all,
Has anyone had any experience with Cactus?
I was thinking about taking the "pre-course course" and then going on to do a weekend + online course.I can only do a weekend course due to working a 50 hour week, and wanted to do the pre course to gain some insight and build a bit of confidence.
my ultimate goal is to move back to S.E Asia (where I've lived for the best part of the last 8 years) and teach English.I will be going to Thailand for at least 6 months at the end of November and at that time want to take a CELTA course or other 4 week course.
In the mean time I'm hoping to volunteer here in the U.K, either at a local language school or offer free tutoring to foreigners here learning English. Would this experience help on getting on a CELTA course?
Thank you for any advice.


text:
JadenKale wrote:Thank you jzelts! I appreciate the compliment about my past work as well as on my dragon! (I have 2 more coming this week) I really do like this piece and since you actually elaborated further about it being a 'harmless greed' of sorts, I believe I will indeed vote for it.
Great job again, jzelts
Aw, thanks, Jaden!
Re: Blood Diamond
Not named after the movie. JUst thought the name fit since it was red...and bleeding...
Re: It's Ours Now
I thought the thumbnail looked familiar! Glad to see that you are entering this one.
I love the colors and the style of the shadowing (as well as no one being able to say this isn't wearable)
sozoones wrote:clever but too sad, depressing to wear. not funny.
but look how happy he is now that he has the gold... sure he'll only have it for like another minute... but hes got it now! they're both smiling under their helmets
Re: MINE!
Slap a couple greek, roman and chritian philosophers on there and you have Western Civ 101
I am likin' this....a lot.
AdderXYU wrote:I love the colors and the style of the shadowing (as well as no one being able to say this isn't wearable)
It isn't wearable.
Just kidding, but I wanted to show that I could still say it. =)
GMV. My only concern is that it might not be clear that they're removing the alien flag, though I can't think of any way to make it more obvious.
OH - second issue is that the moon landing WAS A HOAX.
Edit - I didn't even realize this was Cho's. Sweet!
TheNewOriginals wrote:Not named after the movie. JUst thought the name fit since it was red...and bleeding...
Well the movie (which I haven't seen) is named after real life stuff. DARN. In lieu of artistic ability to create the grander ideas I had in mind, I was going to do a blood diamond. Now I can't.
this feels very James-Bond-opening-credits to me.
/in a good way.
//or a little bit Ramones. gabba gabba hey.
Just wondering - is this supposed to be any king in particular?
Re: the Ultimate Greed
I am a fan of monotone print, and not a fan of the current administration. The shirt is not for me (just a tad too political) but the design-absent-politics is nicely rendered.
nice one.
Re: Dragon's Gold
I'm a geek, so dragons == awesome.
TG, though there are many great designs on here all of the time, I feel like there are few that I would wear as shirts. I love your design and I am a big fan of it as a shirt as well. GMVFS! (for sure)
Re: Love of Money
great execution. you have a good sense of perspective, hope to see more in the future
i guess i dont have to say nicely done, as always, i'm impressed at how your subject captures the theme from some obscure (non-cliche) angle. i could use some of that obviously... any tips?
Re: The World Is Mine (Resub x2)
Resubbed again, hopefully this is the last time.
Sorry to the previous voters.
Amazing tgentry, You got this in the bag.
Yeah, mythological beasties are my hobby, so I was sorry to see this one disappear earlier. Glad it's back! GMV again & hoping it wins so I can share it with friends.
Re: Big gulp
great design! it reminds me of all the times the sea gulls have taken off with our big bags of chips, sandwiches, etc. Birds might just be more greedy than squirrels. ;)
The thumbnail really doesn't do it justice, though, sadly.
Love it! First cream shirt I'd ever buy!
Re: Dude, look what I found (Resub)
This shirt got an immediate giggle out of me. Your stuff is very well drawn! GMVFS! (for sure)
Re: Now the moon..the sun would wait til morning
I love this design. Great job!
Re: Just... one... more...
Love it!
Re: Peek-a-I kn haz sadness??
That looks exactly like the mouse from The Neverhood.
Absolutely....please resub
yay GMV
vudruliant wrote:This is my second submission for woot shirt. I'm using this image to represent powerful people, (not necessarily all people) who use the earth for their own purposes. Draining the earth of all of it's resources...using the earth like a puppet. Hope you like it! Thanks.
This is really a clever graphic. I like it very much! I think it should have been considered.
smithsonia wrote:I am a fan of monotone print, and not a fan of the current administration. The shirt is not for me (just a tad too political) but the design-absent-politics is nicely rendered.
well thanks!
this is my first shirt design i've ever submitted.... i obviously was not aware of my audience. but when I think greed the first thing that comes to mind is politics. I suppose woot shirts tend to favor the animated whimsical sort of designs, nothing too serious. ah, well.
I think you did great, I wouldn't have known to look at it that it's just your first submission. I think with a little more detail on the woman I'd have voted for it - she's just a little bit clip-artish for my taste, but that's just me!
AdderXYU wrote:It's only flying penguins. Most designers with half a grain of respectability would like it to encompass all penguins, but we must take what we can get. On the bright side, Pac-Man was rejected without qualifications
Ah, understood. (^_^)
Great graphics and design. I got my vote for best in theme, but I just don't think I could wear it. Great work though.
Re: Mine, Mine, Mine...
Re: u cant has deez
I'm a squirrel fiend! This is GREAT!
Re: Bowl Hog
Re: So Hungry/Greedy He Could Eat A Horse?
you know, this looks shockingly similar to this threadless shirt.
Re: Mine, Mine, Mine... part 2
Re: These are my toys! Mine!
Keyouse wrote:Dude, fix the box issue and I would totally buy that. Hands down!
yes! for sure then : )
View All →


text:
Yard sales can bring out the worst in people. So when Scumble River school psychologist Skye Denison organizes a 100-mile yard sale, otherwise neighborly folk get downright nasty: her own mother creams a woman, and a battle of the sexes breaks out. But when her former boss is found murdered, nobody knows for sure how this cookie will crumble.
©2005 Denise Swanson Stybr (P)2013 Audible, Inc.
"cute capers"
absolutely adorable capers! wonderful characters and great storytelling! very addicting stores, very highly recommended!!
"My Favorite Scumble River So Far"
For those of you who enjoy Skye and Scumble River but find her and Simon to be a bit goody goody and dull sometimes, this is the book for you. I had gotten bored with Simon, and in this book he isn't around much and Skye seems pretty bored by him too, so finally she was up to some more exciting things in her personal life. There is a lot of relationship drama with various couples in town in this book as well. It also shakes up the status quo because Skye is not in school in this one, she is running an enormous yard sale. As tends to happen there are a number of snooty newcomers in town trying to bully Skye and her small town cohorts. I did not know who the killer was in this one. At any rate I enjoyed a little something different in this one and am looking forward to seeing where it goes in the next book. And not too much Bunny in this one either - she only made me cringe once, though it was a big cringe. Narrator does a great job, voices are all spot on.
"The best so far"
This is the best book in the series. I'm really glad that all of the books are available now because I can get the next one right away. I'm glad that Simon's days are numbered. He was boring and I think one of the reasons that the series was moving slow. I look forward to the next book.
Report Inappropriate Content
If you find this review inappropriate and think it should be removed from our site, let us know. This report will be reviewed by Audible and we will take appropriate action.


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Old Victorian B&B in St Kilda
Vendégek száma2
Hálószobák száma1
Méret19 m²
Floor No.
- Beltéri kandalló
- Parkolási lehetőség
- Pezsgőfürdő
- Erkély/terasz
- Zárható szoba
- Internet/WiFi
Accommodation summary
|Inkerman St, 3183 Melbourne, Ausztrália
|Ingatlan típusa
|Privát szoba
|Ingatlan azonosító
Walking distance to the beach and St Kilda Tourist Areas, a short tram or train ride to the city centre, MCG, Tennis Centre and Formula One Racing Circuit, Train, Tram and Bus Services are all close.
We offer comfortable accommodation in Inner Melbourne in Clement House, a two storey Victorian built in 1888. Large double bedroom with balcony, private bath and internet access; comfortable queen size bed, TV and radio.
The room is upstairs on the first floor. We are walking distance to the bay, beach and tourist attractions in St Kilda and only a short train or tram ride to the City, Tennis Centre, Albert Park Raceway and MCG. Safe on street parking, close to public transport and easy access to and from the Airport. Rates are without breakfast, but we can provide a healthly breakfast as an optional extra, served in the private courtyard when the weather is good.
The attractions of Chapel Street are also within walking distance or just catch the Chapel Street tram two minutes walk away. It is a non smoking house with an outside courtyard for smokers. The rate for guests that stay for a week are heavily discounted and therefore very attractive.
HázirendNo Smoking! Please smoke outside
Are you gay friendly? Yes, we welcome gay, lesbian and straight guests.
Smoking is only permitted in the private courtyard, outside the house.
Is there a curfew at night? No guests are free to come and go at whatever time, however non registered guests or visitors are not allowed without management permission.
Are you wheel-chair accessible? No, the bedrooms are not wheel-chair accessible, being on first floor and accessed only by stairs
Can I bring my dog? No pets allowed in the house
Are you small-children/infant friendly? We are not set up to accommodate children.
What time is breakfast served? At the guests pleasure, from 7:30 to 10:30 am
|Weekly rate for 1 guest
|287 €
|Ár >1 vendégre
|14 € /fő/éj extra
|Érkezés legkorábbi időpontja
|Check-in before
|Távozás legkésőbbi időpontja
|Lemondási feltétel
Az ingatlan értékelései
mooie accommodatie. Colin en Chung zijn prima gastheren. We zijn prima ontvangen, het verblijf was bijzonder aangenaam. De heren zijn duidelijk over eventuele extra's zoals het ontbijt en transport naar het vliegveld, dat is erg prettig!
We arrived late at night and I had second thoughts, but as dawn appeared I felt so much better. Chung met us with a cup if tea and we settled in. It is a short walk to the beach, near buses, trams and the train into Melbourne CBD. You can rent bikes from St. Kilda Cycles and there is kilometres of trains along the waterfront. The house and neighbourhood is old and funky. The room is simple and clean. Chung let us hang our washing out on the line and we sat and chatted a few times. There is free internet, but you will most likely lose connection when in your room if you have the front one like us. We had no issues with noise being above the street. We had a great three days and would recommend this location for others.
This is such a lovely house to stay in. Big bedroom with your own bathroom. Comfortable bed. Breakfast, if you want it, is plentiful. Not far from trams, buses or trains which take you to the city in half an hour. A host who is more than happy to take phone calls, relay messages or just be a good source of information. It felt like home, but with a bigger bedroom!
Colin picked me up from airport in the middle of the night. Guesthouse is clean and located not too far away from the center. Cheers Bart
Really nice house in st. Kilda. Room was pleasant and both hosts very upfront in giving help on places to visit. Had own bathroom which was bonus - only really slept there as out most of the time.
We did have a very pleasant stay with Colin.
He was always helpful an friendly. We would stay with him again, if we came back to Melbourne.
Colin was a terrific host! A great source of information that made our experience better than we had expected. Lovely home in a great neighborhood.
A házigazda egyéb ingatlanjainak értékelései
We stayed in Colin's double-story terrace house for 4 nights. We weren't "at home" a lot, but when we were it was relaxing and comfortable. There are a lot of public transport options, and also a lot of choice for eating out. Colin will provide breakfast for $7 pp which is very reasonable,and he is very helpful.
Balaclava station is a 5 minute walk for quick access to the city; or alternatively you can catch #16 tram to explore St Kilda esplanade, and from there take #96 light rail to the city, or Sth Melb market, or all the way to East Brunswick if you want. We found a good Indian restaurant nearby on Chapel St; and we also had an excellent "Thursday night special" at Karen Martini's restaurant "Mr Wolf", which is a 10 minute walk straight down Inkerman St.
Overall, a comfortable and well located home.
- Minőségbiztosított szállás
- Minden házigazda hitelesítésre került telefonon keresztül
- Biztonságos fizetés SSL titkosításon keresztül


text: I have been trying to find reference photos for this, but so far I have been unsuccessful. I am 6'5 and I have WoF's back armor template held up to my back, and it barely reaches half way down. How far down is the back armor supposed to go? Does anyone have pictures?


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At as time when war rages in Iraq and Afghanistan, bridges collapse in America, 45 million people lack medical insurance, 74% of students graduate from high school, the main issues of the election according to Mike Huckabee and Mitt Romney is the place of Jesus Christ. In an article that will appear this Sunday in The New York Times, Huckabee is reported to ask: "Don't Mormons believe that Jesus and the devil are brothers?" An angry Mitt Romney decried the attack by Huckabee on the Mormon religion and claimed, "I think attacking someone's religion is really going too far." Huckabee responded by stating the quote was taken out of context and he really was trying to get Romney to speak honestly about the Mormon religion.
There is something very sad about this exchange between two men who believe they are qualified to become the president of the United States. Neither man will confront real issues, neither man will present an informed program on dealing with Iraq or Afghanistan, neither man has the semblance of an intelligent plan for dealing with health insurance other than a ridiculous belief tax credits will help poor people purchase medical coverage. Instead, both plunge into the cesspool of mud and slime as though Americans really care which one is closer to Jesus Christ. It is certain that Christ at this moment is hanging his head in sorrow at the spectacle of these men arguing about non-issues in His name.


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From the healthcare industry to the military, a growing number of sectors have embraced mindfulness as a means of alleviating stress, boosting production, and creating more productive environments in which to work and learn.
The practice of mindfulness has spread to some unusual places these days; just ask the U.S. military. Mindfulness, like yoga and meditation, has spread from Eastern religious philosophies to Western secular practices, and involves training one's mind to let go of distracted thinking and focus on the present moment. Evidence is mounting that mindfulness can reduce stress and increase the mind's resiliency—two benefits of vital interest to military leaders, who see it as a valuable tool to improve battlefield decision-making and combat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a service member returns home.
While it stretches the imagination to picture Marines "in full field uniforms sitting in the lotus position with rifles across their backs," as an officer described the initial training at the Marine Corps Base in Quantico, Virginia, participants later reported better sleep and improved athletic performance and higher scores on emotional and cognitive evaluations than those who did not participate in the training. Subsequent studies have borne out that pre-deployment mindfulness training helps service members think and react more effectively under duress.
The military is just the latest in a string of institutions that recognize the potential of mindfulness, including Fortune 500 businesses, healthcare companies, and schools. Nearly every week, an article or blog post pops up discussing the latest health benefit of mindfulness, from improving working memory to boosting insulin production. With modern medical research now establishing clear links between stress and chronic physical ailments, more people are looking into the ancient practice.
Mindfulness has its origins in Buddhist meditation, but it can be practiced separately from any religious teaching or philosophy. In the more secular sense, mindfulness meditation is about paying attention. By training to bring one's full attention to the present moment, usually by focusing on breathing, one can let go of distractions and improve focus. Mindfulness meditation has been shown to calm what Buddhists call the "monkey mind," thinking that leaps from branch to branch and can't settle down. By stopping mental chatter, mindfulness is believed to help people stay healthier, heal faster, and enhance their acuity and creativity.
A growing number of researchers and leaders in many fields have come to the conclusion that mindfulness offers a powerful antidote to 21st-century physical and societal ills.
From the psychotherapist's office to the doctor's exam room, mindfulness is garnering widespread interest that is growing exponentially, thanks in large part to the work of Jon Kabat-Zinn, a medical school professor and practitioner of Buddhism, who popularized the concept of mindfulness. As an alternative or an adjunct to medical interventions, mindfulness has been shown to help patients facing an array of mental and physical ailments, from high blood pressure and insomnia to weight problems and anxiety disorders. As more is known about the cumulative effects of stress on the human body, medical practitioners are looking for interventions that bolster a patient's ability to bounce back from stressful situations. Progressive medical schools, such as the University of Massachusetts and Duke University, are not only applying scientific research models to explore the positive effects of mindfulness on the body, but they are also teaching mindfulness meditation to their students. Weight loss clinics and mental health centers are also looking to incorporate mindfulness into their programs.
Companies, following the lead of trailblazers such as Google, General Mills, and Aetna are bringing mindfulness practices into their corporate headquarters. In Minneapolis, Janice Marturano, who was then general counsel and vice president for public responsibility at General Mills, started a mindfulness program with 13 people. Today, more than 450 employees have been trained. The concept was so successful that Marturano left General Mills in 2011 to found the New Jersey-based Institute for Mindful Leadership.
In the face of soaring healthcare costs, a number of large corporations have instituted employee wellness programs that feature mindfulness practices as a core component. Aetna, the nation's third largest health insurer, has made two stress-reduction workplace programs, Mindfulness at Work (mindfulness meditation) and Viniyoga Stress Reduction (therapeutic yoga), available to its employees. Developed in collaboration with Duke Integrative Medicine, among others, these programs have helped participants significantly reduce their perceived stress levels while improving their ability to respond to stress. Aetna also began implementing the mind-body stress reduction programs with several corporate clients and has received strong interest from additional clients in a wide range of sectors, including financial services and healthcare.
"We have seen first-hand how these mind-body programs have helped our employees deal with stress more effectively and help them achieve better overall health," says Elease Wright, head of Human Resources at Aetna.
CEOs recognize another benefit of mindfulness training: It enhances their powers of observation and concentration, making them better leaders. Steve Jobs reportedly credited his Zen meditation with improving his focus and creativity as he was developing products for Apple. An entirely new field of consultants and advisers is springing up to help business executives and supervisors harness the potential of mindfulness in their work.
As mentioned earlier, the U.S. military has taken a strong interest in mindfulness as a means of preventing, or reducing, the effects of PTSD and other combat-related disorders. Military officials also are seeing evidence that soldiers who meditate regularly are less reactive and more resilient, which enables them to make better split-second decisions that often have life or death consequences.
Mindfulness shows great promise in the world of education. Teachers find that mindfulness training helps them become more effective in the classroom, and schools that teach mindfulness techniques to students report that children experience lower levels of stress, anxiety, and conflict with peers while improving their concentration.
In Milton, Mass., even the youngest of the district's students are learning about mindfulness. Andy Kelley, a Milton dad who started a program called Boston Buddha, teaches mindfulness techniques to kindergarten through fifth grade students as part of a before-school enrichment program. His young students practice a series of exercises that focus on the five senses to help them understand how the sound of a pencil tapping, the smell of pizza, or the sight of a classmate fidgeting can distract them. "The magic moment where they understand mindfulness is when they can catch themselves not paying attention; that's their chance to control their impulsivity. It helps them stop themselves from doing things like jumping on the couch or whacking their younger brother," Kelley told the Huffington Post.
Mindfulness is also of particular benefit to students with autism: Researchers found that the meditative process has the capacity to establish new patterns in areas of the brain that regulate mood and reduce overreactions to external sensations—two distinct difficulties faced by children with autism.
Programs have sprung up around the country to teach mindfulness to at-risk and incarcerated teenagers, and classrooms around the world are exploring mindfulness as an avenue for conflict resolution.
We've barely scratched the surface of the myriad ways that mindfulness impacts our world. Across the spectrum, individuals and organizations are recognizing the costs of stress in modern life and are desperate for solutions. In an era of escalating healthcare costs, mindfulness is seen as a holistic, practical, and cost effective approach to improving the quality of people's lives. Those who are trained in mindfulness will continue to be in high demand everywhere from offices and clinics to classrooms and training camps. Just ask the U.S. military.
For more information on Lesley's Mindfulness Studies Programs, please visit the link below:
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Employers increasingly use mindfulness to help employees be more productive and achieve better results. London's Financial Times recently explored the increasing use of Mindfulness training in Global Fortune 200 Companies. [Read More]


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Baltimore, MD. - The Landon School will host the Capital Lacrosse Invitational on Sunday, October 7, with all proceeds going to the Mario St. George Boiardi Foundation, which was was founded in memory of the late Landon and Cornell alumnus and lacrosse player who was passionate about academics and athletics.
The North Carolina Tar Heels will be amongst four lacrosse teams competing in this year's invitational, joining Cornell, Johns Hopkins and Penn State in the event. UNC will scrimmage Cornell at 10:30 a.m. and Penn State at 12:30 p.m. Johns Hopkins scrimmages Penn State at 10:30 a.m. and Cornell at 12:30 p.m.
The foundation continues Boiardi's legacy by donating to charitable organizations that encourage youth through academics and athletics. Additionally, the Foundation has created a summer camp program, which provides financial assistance to deserving middle school students who wish to attend summer camps focused on academic, athletic, or other educational pursuits.
STX, LLC, a global sporting goods leader, has announced its sponsorship of the event, which was organized by the Mario St. George Boiardi Foundation. STX and Nike Lacrosse will host the Capital Lacrosse Invitational free youth clinic and coaches' clinic. The coaches' clinic and chalk talk will be held with coaches from the tournament for local youth coaches. The coaches will discuss strategy, practice plans, and recruiting. There is a requested donation of $25. Both clinics will be held from 8:30 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.
The tournament will be held at the Landon School, 6101 Wilson Lane, Bethesda, MD 20817. Registration for the clinics will start at 8:00 a.m. with the final ceremony ending at 2:30 p.m. There will be vendors at the event selling food, drinks, lacrosse equipment and apparel. Tickets and sign up for the clinics will be available at the Capital Lacrosse Invitational web site.


text:
Planning A Career Change
How One Real Guy Quit His Job To Follow His Dream
But I'd catch myself picking up a pencil and writing down little stories as I thought of them, always trying to get published when I had spare time and always thinking that I was a railroader for the paycheck (a very healthy paycheck) but certainly not for the passion. I wanted to be a writer, I had talent and a head full of ideas, but when you're making an above-average salary at a job you don't mind at all, it's easy to treat your other ambitions like they don't matter. Good pay for something that doesn't challenge you can be one hell of a sedative, and you find so many ways to spend the money that you convince yourself you could never make do without it.
Sometimes you need a signOne day I was working a utility shift in an intermodal yard, driving a pickup and picking up crews while they waited for cranes to load trailers onto train cars. I had my feet up on an engine, shooting the sh*t with a couple of old timers. They were both twice divorced (the railroad has plenty of guys like them) and were pontificating on their long careers and upcoming retirements. It's so easy to see life through those engines and ignore everything else. You spend so much time away from home, where you can't smoke and swear and spit, that it starts to feel like you're acting when you're not at work. I listened to them talk for a while, and I caught myself saying, "I can see myself collecting that pension." As soon as I spit out the words, God's honest truth, the front windshield, glass that could stop a bullet, shattered in front of me of its own accord. I'm not going to tell you it was a sign from up high, but it was a freaky excuse to start thinking about my trajectory.
A month later, my son was born.
How should we react when life speeds up?When you're holding a new baby you tend to think in maxims, and I figured the best way to teach my son to have the sack to go out and live the life he wants was to start doing so myself.
So I opted to take the second half of parental leave while my wife (an engineer and successful project manager) went back to work. We sold the second car, traded cable for a heavy-duty internet package and Netflix account, and took a hard look at the financial lay of our land. When my leave was up, I said "thanks but no thanks" to riding the rails for the next 25 years and became the primary caregiver of my son and a "writer."


text:
Yea, I hve sat, waiting all day for such a delivery. They always end up coming at 5pm
Anyway, let us know how it goes.
I guess I am strange - I am usually willing to pay shipping to send off a gun for refinishing, but not for trigger jobs
Anyway, if shipping was cheaper, I might be tempted to send more guns off for various things.


text:
Hello friends,
Currently we at the "Buddhist Educational Fellowship" translate in Russian the series of talks:
http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p ... 9E7E2740DB
Here's what we have already uploaded:
http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p ... BC4F814F2F
However I wasn't able to recognize some words. If someone would kindly help to recognize them (marked with underlined italics below), that would be very helpful.
Metta, Dmytro
9. Physical Pain
Meditation is not all-or-nothing, white-or-black experience. It's life, it's like you are looking at yourself in the microscope, you are learning about your experience, about yourself. And so it's not a matter of if you find some peaceful mental state then meditation is successful, and if you don't, you are a failure. Because a lot of the obstructions and difficulties that come up in applying a meditation technique, are actually great treasures because you are learning very important things and skills that you can make use of in your daily life, and one particular area is that of dealing with pain. We all have strategies for dealing with pain. Most of them are unconscious, that we've adopted since we were children, and sometimes it's quite sobering to see how unsuccessful and even immature our reactions to pain are. So we are putting ourselves in the position where yes, we're going to experience some physical discomfort at certain times during the sitting, at some times more than at others. And we want to really understand the nature of this unpleasantness, rather than saying 'I don't want this' and just get up straight away, because in life when we get sick, when we get old, we are not going to have that option. So let's learn about it now, while we still are simply healthy. And the most important observation or insight that we make is that pain is not a purely physical phenomenon. It has a large mental component, or contribution, and that we can see, I think, quite easily even outside meditation. If you're watching a movie, you can sit quite still, or reasonably still, for maybe two or three hours without feeling any great discomfort, because your mind is elsewhere. Whereas in meditation your mind is not elsewhere, you're right here, and what we can see is at some time physical difficulty can be experienced sometimes as tormenting, at other time as a minor irritation. And that is because of the mental reaction to the pain. Reactions which are almost automatic and can vary from day to day or vary from person to person. But the kinds of things that are arising are aversion, fear, anxiety, or sense of big 'Why me? Why everybody else seem to be sitting so peacefully, why do I have to deal with this every time I meditate?' So there are all kinds of habitual and accumulated responses to physical discomfort that we are starting to eliminate through sitting with it. Now briefly, there are two main ways of dealing with pain, and these correspond to the two kind of aspects of meditation, the tranquilising, pacifying aspect and the insight, the looking, the observing, penetrating nature of things. So, with the first strategy, if the pain is not particularly piercing and oppressive, sometimes just bringing the mind back to the meditation object very patiently, every time it strays to the pain, can be successful. But if the pain is a little bit more intense, then we can practice breathing through the pain, or developing loving-kindness, that sense of kindness, and love and affection, and being a friend of the pain, so adopting a skillful, constructive attitude to the pain, to remove or to replace the habitual negative reaction to it. So you are using a positive emotion which can be allied to the breath, and breathing in and breathing out, as if through the area of pain, with a very positive, accepting, kind attitude. So that's two possible techniques of the calming, calming strategy. Now the other strategy is to say: 'OK, I will leave my meditation object, the breath, the mantra, or whatever, and I'm going to take up pain as my object of meditation. And what you want to be doing in this case is to be looking particularly at the impermanence of the pain. Now there are three aspects of this. First, the actual nature of the pain. Pain, when we start looking at it, is not just this hard, single mass. We can see that there are different kinds of pain - there are shooting pains, burning pains, aching pains, and so on. And the nature of the pain is changing. And seeing that change is a way of reducing the attachment and the negative emotions, that do become one and the same thing with this feeling in the mind lacking awareness. Another, the second aspect, is the location of the pain. Again, we can see that it's not just one, single point. It's moving around, and we see how the pain is 6:47 coming quite a complex phenomenon. And then we can notice that if we tighten up around the pain, and reaction to it, then there can be secondary pain, arising in other parts of the body, as a result of that. Then the third aspect is the intensity of pain. So if you take that simple one to ten kind of standard, you notice that the intensity of the pain is also not stable. Often pain is coming in waves. So looking at impermanence in terms of uneven nature of the pain, particularly characteristic of the pain, the location of the pain and intensity of the pain, this is giving the mind work to do, - looking at the impermanence of the phenomena. Now this is revealing the truth of what's going on more clearly to us, which is purifying in itself. But similarly with the calming technique, what's happening on psychological level, if you like, is that the mind can have only one interest at a time, so when you give your mind some work, some insight work to do, it can't at the same time be worrying and feeling averse and full of self-pity, and so on. So there is also this replacement process taking place. So I would say in conclusion that working with pain is not something that you want to be doing very often, particularly in early days of meditation, because your attitude to meditation, and your enjoyment of meditation, is probably the most important condition for you in being able to maintain steady, regular meditation practice. If you start to conceive of meditation as being a daily struggle with pain, before long you'll probably find some good reasons to cut down the sessions, or to eliminate the sessions altogether, because nobody wants to have to deal with that on such a regular basis. So every now and again take on pain as a meditation object, it's something that is an important part of meditation, a good skill to learn. But other times, particularly if your mind is really starting to calm down and settle down, you've got some awareness there, then very mindfully change posture. So it's not something that you have to do at the time that you meet pain, but it's something that you should have some experience of dealing with.
11. Meditation Experiences
When you can isolate or become aware of the nature of mindfulness, just not forgetting the instructions, not forgetting the technique, not forgetting what's going on right now, not forgetting the breath, for instance, when you have sampajañña, this clear comprehension, alertness, wakefulness, sharpness of mind which acts as the quality control, when you have these regulated, and balanced effort, which is constantly being re-aligned for the optimum results, then meditation becomes a little bit easier, because when you have experiences of various kinds, then these are measures of the validity and usefulness of them. You are checking them, the mindfulness and clear comprehension, the effort, and I would say that as meditators on this internal journey that no one is quite the same as anyone else, and even the Buddhist instructions, you know, are not for everybody, and they are not so, - we can say that they are inscribed on the palm leaves, and then in books and computer discs, but I believe that at the time of the Buddha become ... Now, I'm speaking from my very limited experiences as a teacher, and if you speak, teaching to a hundred people, you can't give individual instructions, you can't tailor a general talk to the every single person, and also you take what's going to be valuable for maybe eighty or ninety percent of the people. I think because that's the case, then we can be willing to experiment a little, and don't feel inhibited that: "Oh, this isn't what this teacher says, or this is not what's in the book, this isn't what's in Visuddhimagga". Then you can, given the guarantees of safety which are your sīla and right view, which you put a lot of effort into developing, then you can be a little more creative, trying things out. Now 2:44 ? the instructions for Anapanasati, for breath meditation, is that when you experience, let's say, pīti or some rush of pleasure, happiness in the mind, to be aware of that, not to say you shouldn't feel happy, that's going to delude you. No, this is what it's like, this is very pleasant feeling, and sights - they say, of different kinds of lights and colours, things like this. I would say generally to try to return to breath. But there are certain kinds of experiences which I would say, can... and I would say, if you have opportunity to converse with, to discuss with a good friend, and a teacher, this would be important here. If you have image of the physical body, some part of the body, - sometimes you can have images, which conventionally speaking, may be quite disturbing, like a dead body, or a decaying body, or some image concerned with dissolution of the body, or the body in unattractive aspect. These kinds of images can, for a skillful meditator, be taken up and be used to develop insight, and to develop more deeper states of concentration. So that would be one exception to general attitude I would advocate of just recognizing whatever arises as just that, nothing more, nothing less. And maintaining this interest and loyalty, devotion to the meditation object, and the faith that meditation object will take you beyond the hindrances, and to deeper levels of concentration. But another point I would like to make is that the very strong waves of pīti or intense sensations of well-being that arise in meditation, can also at times be taken as meditation object. So what I'm trying to say here is that on a general basis, I would say, stay with the breath, come back to the breath, but there are certain circumstances which you may or may not be able to make use of. One is images of the physical body, particularly in unattractive or in a state of decay, and another is strong feelings of well-being or even bliss. Now, when the mind becomes calm, then for some people, it will from there go into states of deep calm. But for other people, the mind hovers on the edge, and it's just applying the effort to the meditation object, it's just full 6:30 short, it gets stuck in a way, and in that circumstances, taking up and use some practice, like investigating the nature of hair of the head, hair of the body, nails, teeth, skin, all practices that take up the contemplation of impermanence, of dukkha, unsatisfactoriness, can just tip the mind over into the very deep states of calm. So the whole debate about samatha or vipassana or so, I don't feel it's such a helpful one. Sometimes it's the insight practices, adopted at crucial points in the effort to calm the mind, which can intensify the calm. And sometimes the calm itself will lead naturally to these insight practices, without having to worry much: "What is this am I doing, samatha or vipassana?". It's more this through experience, the sense of awareness of what the mind needs at that particular moment, for the progress on the Middle Path.
12. Contemplation
I think it's quite useful to look at thinking as a kind of a drug, or as an addiction. We are addicted to thought, and we are afraid if we don't think, we'll just disappear. So this is why this difficulty about meditation is so much not about lack of technique, but the willingness to apply it. But if we look at thinking as an addiction, then I think we can also compare it with different strategies people have for abandoning addictions. Let's compare it, say, with smoking. Now when we are giving up smoking, you just say: "Right, from today, I'm never going to smoke another cigarette!" And some people can do that, some people can't. But another strategy some people use is some could say: "I'm smoking twenty cigarettes today, and tomorrow - smoking nineteen or eighteen." You just gradually reduce the number from twenty to zero, so that you don't have the sudden jolt and cold turkey experience. Now I think this can be applied to meditation, that if you take a meditation object, such as the breath, or a meditation word, maybe used in conjunction with the breath, like 'Buddho', then it's like giving up cigarettes all 1:24 in one go. You are not giving any space at all to the thinking mind at all. Whereas sometimes the power, the momentum of thought is so strong, is basically the mind wants to think, you know, needs to think, 1:40 ??? and using that first technique of breath can be frustrating and not very successful. So what can you do? You use the meditation technique, which employs thinking. So the only thing to bear in mind here is that you have to think systematically, you have to follow a train of thought. It doesn't mean thinking this, thinking that, basically on the subject of Dhamma, because the mind will not became clear and calm enough in that way. But if you're taking the 32 parts of the body, or the first five parts of the body - hair of the head, hair of the body, nails, teeth and skin, and investigating them one by one, considering them in terms of impermanence or unattractiveness, not-self, for instance, and allowing the mind to think and to imagine, and to expand upon those themes one by one, or taking the subject of death, the fact of inevitability of our death, the uncertainty of the time, or of the particular cause of death, or so. These kinds of discursive meditations can allow us to gradually reduce our addiction to thinking. And if you follow one of these meditations through, in that kind of systematic way, and sometimes before beginning this kind of meditation you can maybe write down a few points, you know, point one, point two, point three, point four, and to do it in an artificial way, until after a certain amount of practice you become fluent at it, you don't have to think in that way. Then you reach a certain point, where this is as if the mind just gets bored of thinking. It's just like the thinking is heavy weight, and you just: "I don't want this any more". And you just put down the burden of thought. And then the mind can go to the not-discursive object such as the breath, in a very complete, enthusiastic, committed kind of way. So dealing with the addiction of thought by cutting it off right at the beginning, returning the mind to the breath, or some physical sensation, or some word, or some concept, or else using discursive thought in a very systematic, step-by-step manner, until the mind puts down thinking with a sigh of relief.
13. Daily meditation
So the most important thing is that you meditate every day. Even if it's for very short time, maintain that sense of continuity, because it's continuity that will 0:16 tell us in the long run. it's easy to get very inspired with meditation, and to throw yourself into it, and to meditate every day for some period of time, but to maintain that for months or years is another matter. Now some people feel that they are failures in meditation. So what does that mean? 0:43 I like to think the only way to fail in meditation is to stop meditating. A little 0:48 nod and you are successful. Maybe not as successful as you would like to be, but you are successful in that you manage to create the interest and the commitment, and the patience to carry on, something which is not not always very easy. Now when is the best time for a meditation session? It's common in Buddhist countries for people to meditate before they go to sleep. And that's a very good calming technique, means you 1:17 probably won't have to use sleeping pills, and you'll sleep well. So it has benefits on the physical level, stress reduction level. But in terms of integration, integrating meditation experiences, meditation skills into daily life, problem is that as you wake up next morning, it's a new chapter in your life, there's no sense of continuity. So I am not advocating you to give up meditation before you go to sleep, but what's really important is first thing in the morning, because you've rested, you are fresh, you don't have very much going on in your mind, it's a really good time to meditate. So get up in the morning, do few stretches, or shave face, just prepare yourself, and then begin your meditation session. If you have particular room, or a particular corner of the room, a space which is devoted to chanting, meditation, or whatever, and in which you don't do anything else at all, psychologically that's very helpful, because just sitting in that space, in that place, helps you to focus on what you are doing. It is, I think, skillful to learn some of the basic Pali chants. Some of the important chants are translated into English, and you can find those on websites. And just to do a short period of chanting is a way of just focusing the mind, preparing the mind for the meditation. The length of time you spend on chanting depends on you, and you enjoy it or not. So remember, you should enjoy meditation, because if you don't, you won't be able to keep it up for very long. So the idea is that you reach a point where you will consider missing your morning meditation on the par with missing breakfast, or even more tragic than missing breakfast. And so before you meditate, just talk to yourself internally a little bit, just about what you're doing, why are you doing it, what your goals are, what are the possible problems and challenges that are likely to arise. Sometimes you don't need that. Sometimes, otherwise you can waste a lot of time, just sort of stray thoughts, and 4:04 ??? lack of clarity about what you're doing, a bit of fuzziness, which, particularly if you're pushed for time, is wasteful and unnecessary. So, just 4:17 ??? "What I'm actually doing here, or what do I want to apply my mind to, what do I not want to apply my mind to, what do I need to be very careful about (morning sleepiness, for instance)?" And then start to push your attention from top of the head, down, through the body, and just say hello, say good morning to your body before you start, because your body is what you are using for meditation. And just the sense of basic well-being, sitting straight, sitting still, and sense of self-reliance, straight like a mountain, not straight like a rod, the sense of the balance between effort and relaxation, and then apply yourself to meditation object. And most important is your attitude to the meditation object. Don't think you got to concentrate or you 5:14 got to drive thoughts out of your mind, don't get into very sort of violent or oppressive sort of relationship with your meditation object. In the case of the breath, one analogy (this is an example of a way of looking at the breath) imagine a doctor in a third world country, with a great long line of patients waiting outside his cubicle, and he sees, or she sees one patient at a time, and gives absolute attention to every single patient, without interest in whether they are rich or poor, whether they seem charming or seem difficult 5:58 ???, or whatever. So if you take one breath a time, and look at each breath, as a doctor would examine each patient with absolute respect, absolute care, then you begin to get an idea of what it means to be with the breath, and your meditation will start to take off.


text: My understanding is it was only released when she died. The corgis were played by the producers. People pretending to bark...very realistic. The station hasn't actually revealed who was responsible for the call going to air. It wasn't the DJs and whatever the lawyers said, someone else was responsible for the final decision. I read the djs are having intense psychological counselling. So many lives have been ruined through this. I can't help but wonder...if the tabloids had never given any attention to the prank, rather than going into outraged overdrive, would the outcome have been the same?