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Semantic Web in the news
Well, the Semantic Web has been in the news a bit recently.
There was the buzz about Twine, a "Semantic Web company", getting another round of funding. Then, Yahoo announced that it will pick up Semantic Web information from the Web, and use it to enhance search. And now the Times online mis-states that I think "Google could be superseded". Sigh. In an otherwise useful discussion largely about what the Semantic Web is and how it will affect people, a misunderstanding which ended up being the title of the blog. In fact, the conversation as I recall started with a question whether, if search engines were the killer app for the familiar Web of documents, what will be the killer app for the Semantic Web.
Text search engines are of course good for searching the text in documents, but the Semantic Web isn't text documents, it is data. It isn't obvious what the killer apps will be - there are many contenders. We know that the sort of query you do on data is different: the SPARQL standard defines a query protocol which allows application builders to query remote data stores. So that is one sort of query on data which is different from text search.
One thing to always remember is that the Web of the future will have BOTH documents and data. The Semantic Web will not supersede the current Web. They will coexist. The techniques for searching and surfing the different aspects will be different but will connect. Text search engines don't have to go out of fashion.
The "Google will be superseded" headline is an unfortunate misunderstanding. I didn't say it. (We have, by the way, asked it to be fixed. One can, after all, update a blog to fix errors, and this should be appropriate. Ian Jacobs wrote an email, left voice mail, and tried to post a reply to the blog, but the reply did not appear on the blog - moderated out? So we tried.)
Now of course, as the name of The Times was once associated with a creditable and independent newspaper :-), the headline was picked up and elaborated on by various well-meaning bloggers. So the blogosphere, which one might hope to be the great safety net under the conventional press, in this case just amplified the error.
I note that here the blogosphere was misled by an online version of a conventional organ. There are many who worry about the inverse, that decent material from established sources will be drowned beneath a tide of low-quality information from less creditable sources.
The Media Standards Trust is a group which has been working with the Web Science Research Initiative (I'm a director of WSRI) to develop ways of encoding the standards of reporting a piece of information purports to meet: "This is an eye-witness report"; or "This photo has not been massaged apart from: cropping"; or "The author of the report has no commercial connection with any products described"; and so on. Like creative commons, which lets you mark your work with a licence, the project involves representing social dimensions of information. And it is another Semantic Web application.
In all this Semantic Web news, though, the proof of the pudding is in the eating. The benefit of the Semantic Web is that data may be re-used in ways unexpected by the original publisher. That is the value added. So when a Semantic Web start-up either feeds data to others who reuse it in interesting ways, or itself uses data produced by others, then we start to see the value of each bit increased through the network effect.
So if you are a VC funder or a journalist and some project is being sold to you as a Semantic Web project, ask how it gets extra re-use of data, by people who would not normally have access to it, or in ways for which it was not originally designed. Does it use standards? Is it available in RDF? Is there a SPARQL server?
A great example of Semantic Web data which works this way is Linked Data. There is growing mass of interlinked public data much of it promoted by the Linked Open Data project. There is an upcoming Linked Data workshop on this at the WWW 2008 Conference in April in Beijing, and in June 17-18 in New York at the Linked Data Planet Conference. Linked data comes alive when you explore it with a generic data browser like the Tabulator. It also comes alive when you make mashups out of it. (See Playing with Linked Data, Jamendo, Geonames, Slashfacet and Songbird ; Using Wikipedia as a database). It should be easier to make those mashups by just pulling RDF (maybe using RDFa or GRDDL) or using SPARQL, rather than having to learn a new set of APIs for each site and each application area.
I think there is an important "double bus" architecture here, in which there are separate markets for the raw data and for the mashed up data. Data publishers (e.g., government departments) just produce raw data now, and consumer-facing sites (e.g., soccer sites) mash up data from many sources. I might talk about this a bit at WWW 2008.
So in scanning new Semantic Web news, I'll be looking out for re-use of data. The momentum around Linked Open Data is great and exciting -- let us also make sure we make good use of the data.
Today - NPR Science Friday program on Web privacy issues
The original appearance of this entry was in Danny Weitzner - Open Internet Policy
National Public Radio's Science Friday program will feature a discussion of online privacy with Alessandro Acquisti of CMU and yours truly a little later today. It's live from 3:00 - 4:00 pm Eastern/US, rebroadcast at various times depending on where you live, and streamed on the Web.
Listen it. Call and challenge other listeners to think about the privacy questions raised by the Semantic Web!
Update: the broadcast is streamed at this link.
Transparency for behavioral profiling
The original appearance of this entry was in Danny Weitzner - Open Internet Policy
Behavioral targeting is pervasive on the Web. As documented by a very nicely-researched New York Time story today ('To Aim Ads, Web Is Keeping Closer Eye on You,' NYT, by Louise Story, 10 March 2008.) it's now clear that each of us who use popular search engines and portals are the subject of thousands of individual data collection events per month of Web usage.
I'm glad to see some clear analysis of the practice out there but would like to see an additional level of transparency. If it is the case that profiling is benign, then why not tell uses what aspect of their profile triggered the placement of a particular ad. The ad delivery systems all make decisions about which ads to place for a given user from some properties of that user that are either known or inferred. Why not just tell us what those properties are along with the add placement. This would go a long way toward eliminating the feeling that we're being 'spied on' because it would eliminate any sense of secrecy about what is learned in the course of the behavioral monitoring. My guess is that many people would ignore the profile data, but some would check it, and we'd all have piece of mind from knowing that whatever is being done is happening out in the open.
According to the Times, data is collected on which web pages we look at and is then combined with other data (demographics, browsing history, purchases on partner sites, etc.). Right on cue traditional privacy advocates declare that profiles developed in this way (based on our behavior) do (or should) make us feel uneasy:
"When you start to get into the details, it's scarier than you might suspect," said Marc Rotenberg, executive director of the Electronic Privacy Information Center, a privacy rights group. "We're recording preferences, hopes, worries and fears."
No doubt people (as least some people) feel alarmed about this and probably others are either implicitly or explicitly happy to have the right ads targeted to them. As an online ad agency exec said in the article:
"Everyone feels that if we can get more data, we could put ads in front of people who are interested in them," he said. "That's the whole idea here: put dog food ads in front of people who have dogs."
Unless were going to require an outright ban on this sort of behavioral targeting, the question what to do about it. Is the goal to allay people's fears? To limit the use of the profiles? Or to help people avoid incorrect targeting?
The statistics developed by comScore for the New York Times article do a nice job of illustrating the magnitude of data collection that happens. Jules Polonetsky, AOL's Chief Privacy Officer, is launching a new consumer education campaign to explain the mechanics of data collection and tracking to users. The light that both the Times stories and the AOL campaign shed on marketing practices is valuable.
Many people are going to far more interested in how this profiling actually effects them, than on the overall magnitude of the practice. Is there any reason not to be upfront with people about the basis for delivering an ad? If there is, then there is reason to feel that we're being deceived or maniplated, not assisted, by the behavior tracking techniques.
sidekick calendar subscription for SXSW
At a conference, like in a good coding session, it's too easy to lose track of time, so I rely heavily on a PDA to remind me of appointments. The SXSW program has just the features I want:
- an "add this to my calendar" button next to each session
- a calendar feed of my choices
But I carry a hiptop, which doesn't support calendar subscription. I could copy-and-paste a few critical sessions to my hiptop, but when the climbing geeks offer an hCalendar feed, it becomes wortwhile to use iCal on the laptop, i.e. something that groks calendar subscription, as the master calendar device.
I have had a system for exporting my mobile calendar as a feed, but it's a tedious 4 step shell command sequence; it's OK once or twice a week, but here at SXSW, I want to sync up several times a day.
I have been moving my palmagent project from shell commands and Makefiles to a RESTful Web service, and this pushed me over the edge to add calendar feed support.
As usual, to pull the data from the hiptop's data servers:
- Make a directory to hold hiptop accounts and put it in hip_config.py:
AccountsDir = "/Users/connolly/Desktop/danger-accts"
- Start hipwsgi.py running:
pbjam:~/projects/palmagent$ python hipwsgi.py &
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8080 ...
- Use dangerSync.py to log in and get some session credentials for half an hou of use:
~/Desktop/danger-accts/ACCT $ python ~/projects/palmagent/dangerSync.py \
--prod --user ACCT \
--passwd YOUR_PASSWORD_HERE \
- Visit http://0.0.0.0:8080/pim/ACCT and hit the Pull button.
Now you have event, task, contact, and note directories containing a JSON file for each record and hipwsgi.py lets you navigate them in a few different ways.
The pull feature is incremental; it grabs just the records that have changed since you previously pulled:
Pull majo from danger hiptop service
back to sync options
anchor: 1204914757247
The new feature today is the ical export, linked from the event categories page:
back to sync options
You can copy the address of that ical export link and subscribe to it from iCal, and bingo, there it is, merged with the SXSW calendar and such.
@@screenshot pending
hAudio for microformats mixtapes, in progress
I was visiting a friend and I wanted to play Back When I Could Fly and the easiest way was to burn a CD and put it in their CD player and while I was at it I figured I might as well pick a few other songs... a sort of mixtape to say thanks for letting me crash there.
That sort of artifact is too precious to leave locked up in iTunes's proprietary format, even if it is XML; as I said in a July 2000 message:
There are very few data formats I trust... when I use
the computer to capture my knowledge, I pretty
much stick to plain text, [X]HTML, and email. I use JPG, PNG, and PDF if I must,
but not for capturing knowledge for exchange, revision, etc.
So I wrote itunekb.py, which reads the iTunes data, picks out one playlist, and writes it out in hAudio format using a genshi template. The result is ordinary HTML at one level:
- Poems, Prayers And Promises by John Denver
4:06 from A Song's Best Friend: The Very Best Of John Denver [Disc 1] (2004)
- Did You Feel The Mountains Tremble by Delirious?
4:42 from WOW Worship: Orange (Disc 1) (2000)
- The Reason by Hoobastank
3:52 from The Reason (2003)
- Back When I Could Fly by Trout Fishing In America
3:29 from Family Music Party (1998)
- ...
At another level, it's yummy Semantic Web data.
Oops! Well, it used to be; but hAudio seems to be changing:
- 00:16, 12 Feb 2008 ManuSporny (Replaced FN with TITLE per the microformats-new mailing list discussion)
Here's hoping I find time to catch up.
The political power of (simple) Web computing
The original appearance of this entry was in Danny Weitzner - Open Internet Policy
It's pretty amazing what a little bit of structured computer power can do when deployed on the Web. Slate's Delegate Calculator puts in the hands of Web-enabled citizens some simple computing power that helps us to understand how the delegate counts in the upcoming Democratic primaries may effect the final outcome for Obama and Clinton over the next hours, weeks and months. The knowledge about which states have how many delegates, how they might be apportioned, etc., is information that used to be a closely guarded secret of the political intelligencia and the press. How, it's out there for all of us to see. It's such a useful tool that many reporters from other publications are actually writing about it:
Jonathan Alter, Hillary's Math Problem, Newsweek (4 March 2008)
Peter Baker, Clinton Down, but not Out, for the Count, Washington Post.
Jason Tuohey, Delegate Counter, Boston Globe
Carol Lockhead, Obama Wins Vermont, But Look at the Math, San Francisco Chronicle.
Granted, Slate has a relationship with some of those new outlets, but it's still striking to see computing make the political news.
Important FCC hearing on Net Neutrality in Cambridge, MA
The original appearance of this entry was in Danny Weitzner - Open Internet Policy
I'd encourage anyone in or around the Boston, MA area to come to the Federal Communications Commission's field hearing on Broadband Network Management Practices. I'll be testifying along with a range of witnesses, Dave Clark and David Reed (colleagues from MIT), representatives from various commercial groups, and a number of advocacy organizations such as Free Press. I understand Congressman Ed Markey, a longtime champion of the Internet and the Web, will also be appearing.
Here are the logistical details:
Monday, Feb 25, 2008
11:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Harvard Law School, Ames Courtroom, Austin Hall
1515 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Mass.
Accountability Appliances: What Lawyers Expect to See - Part III (User Interface)
I've written in the last two blogs about how lawyers operate in a very structured enviroment. This will have a tremendous impact on what they'll consider acceptable in a user interface. They might accept something which seems a bit like an outline or a form, but years of experience tell me that they will rail at anything code-like.
For example, we see
:MList a rdf:List
and automatically read
"MList" is the name of a list written in rdf
air:pattern {
:MEMBER air:in :MEMBERLIST.
and know that we are asking our system to look for a pattern in the data in which a particular "member" is in a particular list of members. Perhaps because law is already learning to read, speak, and think in another language, most lawyers look at lines like those above and see no meaning.
Our current work-in-progress produces output that includes:
bjb reject bs non compliant with S9Policy 1
phone record 2892 category HealthInformation
bs request instruction bs request content
type Request
bs request content intended beneficiary customer351
type Benefit Action Instruction
customer351 location MA
xphone record 2892 about customer351
Nearly every output item is a hotlink to something which provides definition, explanation, or derivation. Much of it is in "Tabulator", the cool tool that aggregates just the bits of data we want to know.
From a user-interface-for-lawyers perspective, this version of output is an improvement over our earlier ones because it removes a lot of things programmers do to solve computation challenges. It removes colons and semi-colons from places they're not commonly used in English (i.e., as the beginning of a term) and mostly uses words that are known in the general population. It also parses "humpbacks" - the programmers' traditional
concatenation of a string of words - back into separate words. And, it replaces hyphens and underlines - also used for concatenation - with blank spaces.
At last week's meeting, we talked about the possibility of generating output which simulates short English sentences. These might be stilted but would be most easily read by lawyers. Here's my first attempt at the top-level template:
Issue: Whether the transactions in [TransactionLogFilePopularName] {about [VariableName] [VariableValue]} comply with [MasterPolicyPopularName]?
Rule: To be compliant, [SubPolicyPopularName] of [MasterPolicyPopularName] requires [PatternVariableName] of an event to be [PatternValue1].
Fact: In transaction [TransactionNumber] [PatternVariableName] of the event was [PatternValue2].
Analysis: [PatternValue2] is not [PatternValue].
Conclusion: The transactions appear to be non-compliant with [SubPolicyName] of [MasterPolicyPopularName].
This seems to me approximately correct in the context of requests for the appliance to reason over millions of transactions with many sub-rules. A person seeking an answer from the system would create the Issue question. The Issue question is almost always going to ask whether some series of transactions violated a super-rule and often will have a scope limiter (e.g., in regards to a particular person or within a date scope or by one entity), denoted here by {}.
From the lawyer perspective, the interesting part of the result is the finding of non-compliance or possible non-compliance. So, the remainder of the output would be generated to describe only the failure(s) in a pattern-matching for one or more sub-rules. If there's more than one violation, the interface would display the Issue once and then the Rule to Conclusion steps for each non-compliant result.
I tried this out on a laywer I know. He insisted it was unintelligible when the []'s were left in but said it was manageable when he saw the same text without them.
For our Scenario 9, Transaction 15, an idealized top level display would say:
Issue: Whether the transactions in Xphone's Customer Service Log about Person Bob Same comply with MA Disability Discrimination Law?
Rule: To be compliant, Denial of Service Rule of MA Disability Discrimination Law requires reason of an event to be other than disability.
Fact: In transaction Xphone Record 2892 reason of the event was Infectious Disease.
Analysis: Infectious disease is not other than disability.
Conclusion: The transactions appear to be non-compliant with Denial of Service Rule of MA Disability Discrimination Law.
Each one of the bound values should have a hotlink to a Tabulator display that provides background or details.
Right now, we might be able to produce:
Issue: Whether the transactions in Xphone's Customer Service Log about Betty JB reject Bob Same comply with MA Disability Discrimination Law?
Rule: To be non-compliant, Denial of Service Rule of MA Disability Discrimination Law requires REASON of an event to be category Health Information.
Fact: In transaction Xphone Record 2892 REASON of the event was category Health Information.
Analysis: category Health Information is category Health Information.
Conclusion: The transactions appear to be non-compliant with Denial of Service Rule of MA Disability Discrimination Law.
This example highlights a few challenges.
1) It's possible that only failures of policies containing comparative matches (e.g., :v1 sameAs :v2; :v9 greaterThan :v3; :v12 withinDateRange :v4) are legally relevant. This needs more thought.
2) We'd need to name every sub-policy or have a default called UnnamedSubPolicy.
3) We'd need to be able to translate statute numbers to popular names and have a default instruction to include the statute number when no popular name exists.
4) We'd need some taxonomies (e.g., infectious disease is a sub-class of disability).
5) In a perfect world, we'd have some way to trigger a couple alternative displays. For example, it would be nice to be able to trigger one of two rule structures: either one that says a rule requires a match or one that says a rules requires a non-match. The reason for this is that if we always have to use the same structure, about half of the outputs will be very stilted and cause the lawyers to struggle to understand.
6) We need someway to deal with something the system can't reason. If the law requires the reason to be disability and the system doesn't know whether health information is the same as or different from disability, then it ought to be able to produce an analysis that says something along the lines of "The relationship between Health Information and disability is unknown" and produce a conclusion that says "Whether the transaction is compliant is unknown." If we're reasoning over millions of transactions there are likely to be quite a few of these and they ought to be presented after the non-compliant ones.
Accountability Appliances: What Lawyers Expect to See - Part II (Structure)
Building accountability appliances involves a challenging intersection between business, law, and technology. In my first blog about how to satisfy the legal portion of the triad, I explained that - conceptually - the lawyer would want to know whether particular digital transactions had complied with one or more rules. Lawyers, used to having things their own way, want more... they want to get the answer to that question in a particular structure.
All legal cases are decided using the same structure. As first year law students, we spend a year with highlighter in hand, trying to pick out the pieces of that structure from within the torrent of words of court decisions. Over time, we become proficient and -- like the child who stops moving his lips when he reads -- the activity becomes internalized and instinctive. From then on, we only notice that something's not right by its absence.
The structure is as follows:
- ISSUE - the legal question that is being answered. Most typically it begins with the word "whether" "Whether the Privacy Act was violated?" Though the bigger question is whether an entire law was violated, because laws tend to have so many subparts and variables, we often frame a much narrower issue based upon a subpart that we think was violated, such as "Whether the computer matching prohibition of the Privacy Act was violated?"
- RULE - provides the words and the source of the legal requirement. This can be the statement of a particular law, such as "The US Copyright law permits unauthorized use of copyrighted work based upon four conditions - the nature of use, the the nature of the work, the amount of the work used, and the likely impact on the value of the work. 17 USC § 107." Or, it can be a rule created by a court to explain how the law is implemented in practical situations: "In our jurisdiction, there is no infringement of a copyrighted work when the original is distributed widely for free because there is no diminution of market value. Field v. Google, Inc., 412 F. Supp 2d. 1106 (D.Nev. 2006)." [Note: The explanation of the citation formats for the sources has filled books and blogs. Here's a good brief explanation from Cornell.]
- FACTS - the known or asserted facts that are relevant to the rule we are considering and the source of the information. In a Privacy Act computer matching case, there will be assertions like "the defendant's CIO admitted in deposition that he matched the deadbeat dads list against the welfare list and if there were matches he was to divert the benefits to the custodial parent." In a copyright case fair use case, a statement of facts might include "plaintiff admitted that he has posted the material on his website and has no limitations on access or copying the work."
- ANALYSIS - is where the facts are pattern-matched to the rule. "The rule does not permit US persons to lose benefits based upon computer matched data unless certain conditions are met. Our facts show that many people lost their welfare benefits after the deadbeat data was matched to the welfare rolls without any of the other conditions being met." Or "There can be no finding of copyright infringement where the original work was so widely distributed for free that it had no market value. Our facts show that Twinky Co. posted its original material on the web on its own site and every other site where it could gain access without any attempt to control copying or access."
- CONCLUSION - whether a violation has or has not occurred. "The computer matching provision of the Privacy Act was violated." or "The copyright was not infringed.
In light of this structure, we've been working on parsing the tremendous volume of words into their bare essentials so that they can be stored and computed to determine whether certain uses of data occurred in compliance with law. Most of our examples have focused on privacy.
Today, the number of sub-rules, elements of rules, and facts are often so voluminous that there is not enough time for a lawyer or team of lawyers to work through them all. So, the lawyer guesses what's likely to be a problem and works from there; the more experienced or talented the lawyer, the more likely that the guess leads to a productive result. Conversely, this likely means that many violations are never discovered. One of the great benefits of our proposed accountability appliance is that it could quickly reason over a massive volume of sub-rules, elements, and facts to identify the transactiions that appear to violate a rule or for which there's insufficient information to make a determination.
Although we haven't discussed it, I think there also will be a benefit to be derived from all of the reasoning that concludes that activities were compliant. I'm going to try to think of some high value examples.
Two additional blogs are coming:
Physically, what does the lawyer expect to see? At the simplest level, lawyers are expecting to see things in terms they recognize and without unfamiliar distractions; even the presence of things like curly brackets or metatags will cause most to insist that the output is unreadable. Because there is so much information, visualization tools present opportunities for presentations that will be intuitively understood.
The 1st Lawyer to Programmer/Programmer to Lawyer Dictionary! Compliance, auditing, privacy, and a host of other topics now have lawyers and system developers interacting regularly. As we've worked on DIG, I've noticed how the same words (e.g., rules, binding, fact) have different meanings.
Accountability Appliances: What Lawyers Expect to See - Part I
Just before the holidays, Tim suggested I blog about "what lawyers expect to see" in the context of our accountability appliances projects. Unfortunately, being half-lawyer, my first response is that maddening answer of all lawyers - "it depends." And, worse, my second answer is - "it depends upon what you mean by 'see'". Having had a couple of weeks to let this percolate, I think I can offer some useful answers.
Conceptually, what does the lawyer expect to see? The practice of law has a fundamental dichotomy. The law is a world of intense structure -- the minutae of sub-sub-sub-parts of legal code, the precise tracking of precedents through hundreds of years of court decisions, and so on. But, the lawyers valued most highly are not those who are most structured. Instead, it is those who are most creative at manipulating the structure -- conjuring compelling arguments for extending a concept or reading existing law with just enough of a different light to convince others that something unexpected supersedes something expected. In our discussions, we have concluded that an accountability appliance we build now should address the former and not the latter.
For example, a lawyer could ask our accountability appliance if a single sub-rule had been complied with: "Whether the federal Centers for Disease Control was allowed to pass John Doe's medical history from its Epidemic Investigations Case Records system to a private hospital under the Privacy Act Routine Use rules for that system?" Or, he could ask a question which requires reasoning over many rules. Asking "Whether the NSA's data mining of telephone records is compliant with the Privacy Act?" would require reasoning over the nearly thirty sub-rules contained within the Privacy Act and would be a significant technical accomplishment. Huge numbers of hours are spent to answer these sorts of questions and the automation of the more linear analysis would make it possible to audit vastly higher numbers of transactions and to do so in a consistent manner.
If the accountability appliance determined that a particular use was non-compliant, the lawyer could not ask the system to find a plausible exception somewhere in all of law. That would require reasoning, prioritizing, and de-conflicting over possibly millions of rules -- presenting challenges from transcribing all the rules into process-able structure and creating reasoning technology that can efficiently process such a volume. Perhaps the biggest challenge, though, is the ability to analogize. The great lawyer draws from everything he's ever seen or heard about to assimilate into the new situation to his client's benefit. I believe that some of the greatest potential of the semantic web is in the ability to make comparisons -- I've been thinking about a "what's it like?" engine -- but this sort of conceptual analogizing seems still a ways in the future.
Stay tuned for two additional blogs:
Structurally, what does the lawyer expect to see? The common law (used in the UK, most of its former colonies, including the US federal system, and most of US states) follows a standard structure for communicating. Whether a lawyer is writing a motion or a judge is writing a decision, there is a structure embedded within all of the verbiage. Each well-formed discussion includes five parts: issue, rule, fact, analysis, and conclusion.
Physically, what does the lawyer expect to see? At the simplest level, lawyers are expecting to see things in terms they recognize and without unfamiliar distractions; even the presence of things like curly brackets or metatags will cause most to insist that the output is unreadable. Because there is so much information, visualization tools present opportunities for presentations that will be intuitively understood.
The 1st Lawyer to Programmer/Programmer to Lawyer Dictionary! Compliance, auditing, privacy, and a host of other topics now have lawyers and system developers interacting regularly. As we've worked on DIG, I've noticed how the same words (e.g., rules, binding, fact) have different meanings.


text:
E85 Z4 Roadster, E86 Z4 Coupe, E85 Z4 M Roadster, and E86 Z4 M Coupe talk with our BMW gurus here.
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Z4 top does not go up all of the way
I have a 03 BMW Z4 where the top will not go all of the way up. It comes up about 1/3 of the way and stops. When I try to put it back down, nothing happens. I either have to release the red handle in the trunk or wait till it gravitates down. The motor works for 1/3 of the way so I assumed that it was ok, Thanks to the great intstructions posted by shipkiller I removed the top to inspect. The hydraulic fluid in the motor seemed low, so I added fluid but it is still doing the same things. My g/f took it to the dealer and they didnt even hook it up to the pc, I was willing to pay the $105 to see what it would say, they said they know it is an electrical issue because the motor is working to take it up 1/3 of the way. Any advice? I am stuck.
The motor is working but most likely it does not have enough grunt to get the top all the way up.... unless you have a hydraulic piston issue (very unlikely) then the motor it bad.
How does something immoral, when done privately, become moral when it is done collectively?
Furthermore, does legality establish morality?
Slavery was legal; apartheid was legal; Stalinist, Nazi, and Maoist purges were legal. Clearly, the fact of legality does not justify these crimes. Legality, alone, cannot be the talisman of morel people. - Walter E. Williams
Have someone grab the top and give it some assist from the moment it starts coming up and see if it will go through full travel. If so, the motor or pump is not strong enough. Some electric motors have an internal circuit breaker that will cut out if the motor draws too much current. Try letting it sit for a few minutes when it quits and see if it will continue, or if you hear the motor try to run for a second. Not sure if these have an internal breaker or not, but you would still replace the motor.
I have tried to assist it, and regardless it always stops in the same spot. After letting it sit, it settles slowly and when I try to raise it again it always goes back to the same spot (1/3) of the way up. I have tried putting the top up manually and the using the motor to lock it in place, and that does not work either. The dealer stated that it had to be electrical since the motor took it up 1/3 of the way w/ plenty of power, I realize that they could be wrong.I'd hate to spend the money on a motor, and it still not work.
Replaced the Motor
I replaced the motor and am still getting the same result. I also powered up the motor driectly from the battery, bypassing all sensors and it went up all of the way. Therefore I know it is not a motor or a hydraulic problem.
Any advice would be very helpful.
I have the same problem!
Just checking to see if you figured out the problem yet. My 2007 Z4 just started doing the same thing.
Using Shipkiller's instructions (thanks from a fellow bubblehead) I pulled the top out of the car. Motor and pump were perfect (I live in a desert), even bench tested strong. Checked roof compartment microswitch-works correctly.
Don't know how to test the Hall sensors but don't know how they could be the problem since the stoppage occurs midway through the travel length and the Hall sensors only kick in at the end of each direction in order to stop the motor at the right time.
However, something seems to know the position of the top since, like you said, it will jump back up to the 1/3 position after the hydraulic pressure bleeds off a bit and the top drops back an inch or two. This was repeatable many times when I continued to hold the "up" botton as the top slowly dropped and would jump back up to the 1/3 position.
I'm tempted to just get a new top control module, but hate to waste $300 to test a theory, especially since I don't know what device is telling the control module the position of the top midway through its travel length. PFM!
Kugamon - Beer is good food!
2007 Z4 3.0Si
Try lubricating all of the joints in the top. Mine would not get started without a "push" when trying to lower the top.
I opened it up to a point where I could get to all of the rivets that hold it together, and put some light sewing machine oil at each pivot point. Raised and lowered it a couple of times and it works fine now.
I think the motor has only so much power. over time the joints get tight or get dust in them. Easy enough to try.
2008 Space Gray Z4 3.0 si, Saddle Leather interior (to haul A$$)
2011 Nissan Frontier King Cab (to haul crap)
2010 Lexus RX350 (to haul people)
2009 Club Car Precedent (to putter around the beach)
Something more than that.
Yup, did the lube thing. When I bench tested it out of the car and applied a straight DC supply to the motor it went through the full travel length nice and strong. It stops at that 1/3 position as if there is some position sensor stopping it at that particular spot. When the oil pressure bleeds off a bit and the top drops back down an inch or so, the motor kicks back in and drives the top back up tp that dang 1/3 open position and stops. Won't go up or down again until the oil pressure bleeds off a bit again. Then it will either go all the way down or up to the 1/3 open position. Screwy thing.
I'm an engineer. I feel I am supposed to be able to figure this stuff out. Eventually I will! Another beer or three and I can solve the worlds problems! If only.
Thanks for the good ideas.
Kugamon - Beer is good food!
Happy 2007 Z4 3.0Si owner.
Update on Top not going up
Here's the latest update on the top issue. Finally took it down to the local BMW dealer to investigate. They say their diagnostics indicate a short somewhere in the electrical harness for the top. OK, sounds reasonable, and could provide the answer to my confusion on why it stops where it does and then starts working again after moving down a bit. The harness is around $65 and will take a few hours for them to replace (that's where the big expense comes in, of course) but I'm pretty much tired of messing with it at this point. The car has been otherwise absolutely trouble-free for the the three years I have owned it so I certainly don't mind spending some cash on it for this, provided it is the cure.
I will report back on how the fix goes.
Kugamon - Beer is good food!
Happy 2007 Z4 3.0Si owner.
Last edited by Kugamon; 10-01-2012 at 09:35 AM.
Finally fixed!
OK, that was the problem. The wiring harness for controlling the top was bad. After repalcement, the top functions perfectly. Who-da-thunk? Thanks to everyone for the good suggestions!
Kugamon - Beer is good food!
Happy 2007 Z4 3.0Si owner.
Wiring harness short?
Hi Kugamon,
Do you remember the exact name/part no. for that wiring harness? My car just had the same problem as yours. I changed the motor and the top went up to 1/3.
Let me know. Thanks
Wiring Harness Part #
I pulled the invoice for that job. I'm not sure how much of this number is the actual part #, but here is what it sez.
54-34-7-043-906 Cable Harness Folding Top: 54999934
Part was only $56.11 but the labor was $430.50. The harness just didn't look that difficult to replace, but I guess dealerships have high overheads to account for.
Hope this helps you get your top up!
Kugamon - Beer is good food!
Happy 2007 Z4 3.0Si owner.
Top Wiring Harness Indeed
I finally had some free time to replace the wiring harness (PN: 54-34-7-043-906) for my top after confirming it was not the motor. I called several dealers in my area and none came close to $56.11. They were ~$ 120 I ordered online for about $95. I guess the price was increased due to inflation or something like that.
Anyways, I replaced the harness myself and RTV the motor housing as well to prevent water problem in the future. The top works like a champ now.
Million thanks to Shipkiller for his detailed instructions and million thanks to Kugamon for providing me that part number.
It's time to sell my never-used motor I bought it at the dealer for $409. It's now $350 if you want to purchase it. I can't return because dealer said it is an electronic part.
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Raspberry Squares RecipeRead Reviews Be the first to add a review
5 1 1
This refreshing dessert has a rich shortbread-like crust with a creamy center and pretty red gelatin top layer. It's easy enough for everyday, but cheery enough to dish up for guests, too. —Lois Frazee, Gardnerville, Nevada
Recommended: 30 Recipes to Make with Fresh Raspberries
- 1 cup all-purpose flour
- 1/2 cup finely chopped pecans
- 1/4 cup packed brown sugar
- 1/2 cup butter, melted
- 2 packages (8 ounces each) cream cheese, softened
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1 carton (8 ounces) frozen whipped topping, thawed
- 2 packages (3 ounces each) raspberry gelatin
- 2 cups boiling water
- 2 cups cold water
- In a large bowl, combine the flour, pecans and brown sugar; stir in butter until crumbly. Press into an ungreased 13-in. x 9-in. baking dish. Bake at 350° for 10-13 minutes or until lightly browned. Cool on a wire rack.
- In a large bowl, beat cream cheese and sugar until smooth; fold in whipped topping. Spread over crust. Cover and refrigerate for 1 hour.
- In a small bowl, dissolve gelatin in boiling water; stir in cold water. Spoon over cream cheese layer. Chill until firm. Cut into squares. Yield: 12-16 servings.
Originally published as Gelatin Dessert Squares in Taste of Home October/November 2005, p35
Reviews for Raspberry Squares
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Reviewed Jan. 28, 2011
"My whole family loved this dessert...even my picky son, who never eats jello!!! I might even make this again tonight!!!"


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Horseferry Check and Leather Ziparound Wallet
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- An elegant ziparound wallet in Horseferry check and leather complemented with gold-tone metal accents. The everyday handbag essential features multiple internal sections, including a note compartment.
- 15 x 9cm/5.9 x 3.5in
- 100% polyamide with calf leather trim
- Lining: 100% polyester
- Zip closure
- 10 card slots
- Zip coin pocket
- Note compartment
- Four slip pockets
- Gold embossed Burberry lettering at front
- Made in Italy
Item 40202641
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Aching knees? Learn about the most common causes and treatments for knee pain.
When it comes to your health, timing is everything
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Learn what you can do to avoid ski injury and other common winter sports injury.
Here are the pros and cons of the top fad diets and weight loss plans of the year.
The surprising benefits of getting busy


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jcsuperstar wrote:i cant remember the sutta but the story is there only it's not Siddhartha who sees the sights as described its a previous Buddha. i guess the thinking is all Buddhas become enlightened in the same manner or something.
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Setting: New Smyrna Beach sits between the protected dunes of Canaveral National Seashore and the Ponce de Leon Inlet, against both the Atlantic and the Intracoastal Waterway. It's about an hour's drive to Orlando, 40 minutes to Cape Canaveral, and 20 minutes to the Daytona Speedway.
Attractions: The town offers an abundance of recreational activities, including golf, surfing, and fishing. New Smyrna Beach also boasts an interesting colonial history, a lively arts community, and great antiques shops.
Drawbacks: Limited job market. Homes go quickly, and prices are rising. Dining options are few, but Norwood's Restaurant and Wine Shop offers fine food at good prices.
Housing Options: Historic 100-year-old houses on the mainland, either renovated or waiting to be. On the beach side, concrete-block single-family houses are a short walk to the water; luxury condos and multistory residences face the ocean.
What It Costs: Two- and three-bedroom homes away from the water go for $165,000 to $225,000. The same house facing the Atlantic can sell for as much as $2 million. A teardown house can cost $750,000 just because of its location. Two- and three-bedroom condos run from $165,000 to $250,000 off the water, to $2 million for a 4,000-square-foot oceanfront penthouse. The northern, riverfront side of the beach has some spectacular multilevel homes in the $1 million range. Mainland properties run about half that on the Intracoastal Waterway.
Your Next-door Neighbors: More than 400 artists, including photographer Jack Mitchell; orthodontists, dentists, and doctors; professionals who commute to work in Orlando; along with NASA engineers and project managers.
How You'd Spend Free Time: Golfing, surfing, sportfishing, shelling, antiquing on Canal Street. Ecotours and birding are big: At Bird Island, says guide Bruce Jaildagian, "the Audubon Society once counted 2,500 birds, of 11 species, leaving their nighttime roosts in the first 10 minutes after dawn." The Atlantic Center for the Arts, an internationally renowned artists' residency program, sits amid the palmettos and pines on the outskirts of town.
(published 2003)


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About the Arbor Day Foundation
We inspire people to plant, nurture, and celebrate trees.
This is the mission statement of the Arbor Day Foundation, a 501(c)3 nonprofit conservation and education organization.
Founded in 1972, the centennial of the first Arbor Day observance in the 19th century, the Foundation has grown to become the largest nonprofit membership organization dedicated to planting trees, with over one million members, supporters, and valued partners.
The impact we make on our world is accomplished through our conservation and education programs.
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Habitat and forest ecosystems are restored as we help replant damaged areas of our nation's forests.
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Learn about our other programs and our effort to make the world greener and healthier today, and for generations to come.


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Hi guys, Baruthulous here. I think Boba Fett is the most badass thing about Star Wars, and can't wait until his movie in 2016!! To celebrate, I decided to make my first ever cosplay costume. I've always wanted to partake in the cosplay, but haven't for whatever reason.
So using Wizard of Flight's templates, I have embarked on a quest to make my own Fett cosplay.
Here is my progress so far...
The ear pices have been the most annoying so far, I think they turned out ok so far though. Nothing that can't be fixed during the bog and sanding phase. Same as the weird bulging that's happening in the dome.
I have a couple of questions though....
1) The dent on the front that is supposed to be part of the helm, how do I do that?
2) For hardening up the cardboard, what do I do? I have seen some people use layers of different ratios of waterva, but others that use fibre glass resin...wich way is best for results, but also good for n00bs?
3) The visor...is there a place to buy them ready made? Or do i use a piece of perspex, cut it, heat and bend, and then tint?
Thanks in advsnce, and I'd love to heare any criticisms or tips


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Vermaelen the Chinese Warrior - Pictures
Ahead of our return to China, we have put together a special video of Thomas Vermaelen as a Shaolin Kung Fu master.
Our club photographer was on hand throughout the shoot and sent back these exclusive images.
To buy official Arsenal pictures visit Arsenal Pics Arsenal Pics


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This is the HISTORY OF THE ALFRED UNIVERSITY RUGBY CLUB as reported in the public record by Bill Pulos; a lawyer, author, teacher; the club's co-founder and coach for 16 seasons 1985 - 1990, 2009 – 2012. It is a compelling tale of a championship rugby program started in 1985 at ALFRED UNIVERSITY, a small, liberal arts institution (home to the State College of Ceramics as well) located well off the beaten path in Allegany County, New York. The book is a compilation of stories, articles, photographs and tributes comprising 57 consecutive seasons of good standing at Alfred University; a rugby club record matched by few colleges in New York. Pulos weaves a compelling story infused with poignant memories and messages. He etches a memorable portrayal of a courageous group of athletes whose relationships were forged with strength, pride, attitude, nerve and courage. Working out on Jericho Hill at 2250 feet above sea level in the Town of Alfred, time and time again the ALFRED RUGBY club overcame it's brutal and treacherous conditions of mud, ice and snow, and in doing so, developed a "take-no-prisoners" reputation as one of the toughest, hardest hitting rugby clubs in the state. Over 28 years, the ALFRED RUGBY club has been a force to be reckoned with. The reader is left with one conclusion: The Alfred Rugby Club represents an enduring saga of continuity, connectivity and competition; a story of grit, guts and glory.
education, people, sport
alfred university / alfred rugby club / alfred state college / william w. pulos / bill pulos / jericho hill / town of alfred / allegany county new york / alfred rugby / new york rugby conference / usa rugby / the history of alfred rugby / alfred university rugby / suny-alfred rugby / empire geographic union - division iii / western division / upstate rugby union / william w. pulos attorney / pulos and rosell attorneys / anthony aquilina / assistant director of athletics / tony aquilina
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Source: Rangers growing optimistic about Darvish
The Rangers are becoming increasingly optimistic about their chances to sign Yu Darvish, a major-league source said Thursday.
The team has until 5 p.m. ET Wednesday to reach agreement with Darvish, after obtaining his negotiating rights last month. Darvish's team, the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters, will collect the Rangers' $51.7 million posting fee if the ace right-hander signs with Texas.
If the Rangers sign Darvish, it will probably signal that they are no longer pursuing free-agent first baseman Prince Fielder. One source with knowledge of the Rangers' finances said this week that it's unlikely the team can afford both players.
Darvish would return to the Fighters for the 2012 season if he fails to reach agreement with the Rangers. After the upcoming season, he would again be eligible to come to the major leagues via the posting system. But that scenario appears increasingly unlikely, as the Rangers' confidence grows.
-- Jon Paul Morosi


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Cereal and milk, yogurt and fruit…this two-compartment food container keeps dynamic duos separate, not soggy, until it's time to eat. Perfect for school lunches and daycare snacks, because the patented KLIP IT latches are easy for little hands to open and close. Store liquids on top and dry foods below. Snap-together spoon included. Holds 17.9 oz. A great green lunch solution from Sistema ®.For more information, click here.
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The right wing media continually decries "socialism" as a concept which is antithetical to the fight against terrorism and insists socialists are soft on al-Qaeda and other such groups. It now appears the Social Democrat government of Sweden actively assisted the American rendition program which secreted men accused of being terrorists in foreign jails. Two prominent left wing Swedish legislators are calling for an investigation how Swedish authorities knew the CIA was landing planes in Sweden that carried suspect terror suspects on their voyage to a prison. Hans Linde and Alice Astrom argued: "in this situation, one would expect a strong protest from the Swedish government," but the government remained silent about CIA operations in their nation.
The ironic aspect of their protest is that information concerning the CIA rendition program in Sweden has been reported by the media while the government remains silent. The legislators want a full scale investigation as to why Parliament did not investigate rumors and allowed their national territory to be used in clandestine spy operations.


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Radzi, Z. and Yahya, N. A. and Abu Kasim, N.H. and Osman, N. A. Abu and Yusof, Z. Y. M. and Mohd, F. N. and Noor, N. H. M. and Jamaludin, M. and Othman, S. A. and Obaidellah, U. H. and Mohamed, N. H. and Kadir, R. and Nambiar, P. (2008) Validation of cone beam CT scan for measurement of palatal depth in study casts. 4th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2008, Vols 1 and 2, 21 (1-2). pp. 758-761. ISSN 978-3-540-69138-9


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Technological advances have impacted our world - and the the business world in particular - in fundamental ways, and the Business Analytics MBA Track is designed to prepare students for careers in this dynamic field. Massive amounts of data are being gathered and stored, from individual medical records to transportation data for large logistics providers. Moreover, ever faster computers and optimization methods have become available to transform this data into information for better decision-making. All this makes it possible to apply advanced analytical methods to business problems that were impossible 10 or 15 years ago.
The over-arching methodology that refers to the skills and technologies to explore past business performance to make better decisions is called Business Analytics, an arena that uses data, statistical and quantitative analysis, predictive modeling, and optimization to make businesses perform better. There has been extensive, popular interest in Business Analytics over the past few years, including popular management books that are likely familiar to students interested in this field, such as Competing on Analytics or Smart (Enough) Systems.
This has translated into significant business interest – IBM, for example, has created a separate consulting area called "Business Analytics and Optimization" that includes more than 4,000 consultants. There are dozens of job listings at Monster.com with "business analytics" in the title, and hundreds more with that term listed as a required job skill. These jobs come from companies such as Microsoft, Amazon, Johnson and Johnson, Bank of America, and many other top firms. An additional compelling aspect of this arena is its #7 rank in Gartner's "Top 10 Strategic Technologies," another indication of the expected importance of Business Analytics in the near future.
Being at the intersection of business and technology, Business Analytics reflects a longstanding, core strength of the Tepper School as well as Carnegie Mellon University. In many ways, it defines our approach to teaching and learning, not just to operations research and business technologies, but also with its relevant application to marketing, operations management, consulting and other fields.
The Business Analytics MBA Track is appropriate for those students interested in transforming large amounts of data into better decisions. Possible careers include consulting in data-rich environments, analytical marketing, business technology, and financial data analysis. Applicants to the track should have a strong interest in analytical approaches to management, as shown by aptitude in courses such as Optimization, Probability and Statistics, and Statistical Decision-Making.


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The University of Colorado at Boulder Graduate School has named geological sciences doctoral student Stephen Hasiotis winner of the Graduate Student Research and Creative Work Award for 1997.
Hasiotis, who is graduating this week, gained an international reputation in the scientific community while at CU-Boulder for his research on trace fossils such as trails, tracks, burrows and nests. He spearheaded the discoveries of the North American continents oldest dinosaur tracks and crayfish fossils and the worlds most ancient bee, ant and termite nests, helping researchers better understand the biodiversity of past ecosystems and the social evolution of insects.
Patricia Lawrence and Maricela Alarcon were named co-runners-up for the 1997 Graduate Student Research and Creative Work Award. Lawrence will receive her doctorate in anthropology this week, while Alarcon is expected to obtain her doctoral degree in psychology in 1998.
The Graduate School also presented the 1997 Outstanding Dissertation Award to graduating doctoral student John Gray of the College of Music.


text: Delicate Drape Cardigan Style: 570062002 Out of Stock Love it? Everyone else did too. This item sold out! Use our search tool, chat online or call 1.888.855.4986 to find something equally desirable. Slightly slubbed and super soft, the featherweight cardigan with a cascading front drape. Length: 25" to 29". 58% cotton, 42% acrylic. Machine Wash Cold. Imported. Read More… Share on Facebook Tweet Pin


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Love the title!
Certainly different than the book title.
Not sure I like it...
Awesome. Pure Awesome. Don't understand it, but it is awesome.
There's some amazing texture on this one. Don't miss the zoomed-in view when you click on the full-size design.
WOOOOO!!!! *fargo strut*
nice style -- not so much sketchy as charcoal smudgy but suits...score for the title pun too
Yep, pretty much terrified here.
You feel lucky punk? Well? Do you? Wooo panda.
I was really hoping for this one to win! I'm glad to see it print, and glad to be the "1st sucka" ta get shot =P
Grats again on the print! =D
whoa, the black patches around the eyes and the beadiness of the eyes... most sinister panda I've seen.
Love grammar references: Eats, Shoots & Leaves.
Well, you know that old saying: "Never trust a panda in a trenchcoat."
Really glad this printed. Great shirt, and great to see Midge getting some love.
slim, chance i'll buy this one. <=D
I can totally see the write up being made into a film and the shirt being the movie poster. The panda brings out the fear in me, so congrats, midgerock on the fantastic design!
LOVE the homophonetic style!
♪ Who's the black/white private dick that's a sex machine to all the chicks? ♪
Bamboo Shaft! ♫
Dam right! ♪
Looks like a great shirt for Pistols for Pandas members.
Congratulations Midgerock. You've certainly silenced those doubters who said pandas and noir don't mix, even if it involved organising a visit from an armed bear.
I suppose the bunny to his left pissed him off. Does anyone else see a rorschach bunny, or do my eyes deceive me?
Toe-eating shall commence in five, four, three, two...
I am happy! Thank you to all who voted for my design. And major love to the supporters who come out each and every week and support my designs.
To celebrate my design being chosen I share with all of you my most favorite Magnum PI moment ever. Click the pic to enjoy!
Congrats, Midgerock!
I hate to be that guy, but he's holding a revolver under his arm like a tommy gun in a gangster movie. Not how guns work.
But while I'm on the odd subject of toes... Giant Pandas have opposable thumbs!
And knowing is half the battle.
FunkyDuffy wrote:I hate to be that guy, but he's holding a revolver under his arm like a tommy gun in a gangster movie. Not how guns work.
Cut the guy some slack! He's standing on his hind legs and he has no thumbs(was taken he bet on the grizzles to go to the finals).
I believe his right hand is holding a cigarette up to his mouth, and the revolver is in his left hand, being held a little above waist.
I would love to congratulate MidgeyPoo on his first print, but he has requested that I leave no more... (how do I say...) tumescence comments. So I am at a lost for words!
Me kid... Me kid... Congrats MidgeRock! You da man! I am in for one, but I will buy tomorrow so you get more moneyz!
YES!!!! I have been waiting for this shirt since the beginning of the derby. All my friends were outraged we couldn't buy this until now!
Congrats on the print Midge! I just posted something pretty much to you and OdRoc on his shirt, but I'll change it up and post it here too. I've been cheering you on a bit more than I did OdRoc but you both had been fighting the good fight for the longest time and you have now both printed!
I told you your print here would come soon!
Again, with this design, it's great and it's gotta feel amazing to finally print! But my opinion, which isn't worth much, is that I've liked many of your other designs much more than this one! This just goes to show how this site works. In my eyes, this definitely isn't your best submission here, yet it prints. I have liked many of your other designs much more than this one. Anyways, it's long overdue and hopefully now that the monkey is lifted, some of your other designs will print!
Still gotta feel amazing, what a derby this was... To see both of you get your first prints right after each other is sweet justice. You two deserve to celebrate! I got the sense there for a little while you were real close to giving up on this site after that close call and the backlash from the design making digs at another designer. Glad to see both of you push through close calls and finally get what you deserve! Here's to many more in the future!
Oh, just had to buy this for my bro, who just this week told me that joke! Thanks buckets for this design.
It was another steamy night in the jungle as I stepped out of my back alley abode and into the dark of the night. The city slept, but I... I was on the move. When you're in my line of work, you move or you die.
I took a deep breath of the thick air and lit my first smoke of the day. The click of the lighter almost hid the sound of the brush rustling. Almost, but not quite. I was all casual. Brought the smoke up for a drag as my other paw slipped down by my side. Cool mother of pearl against my pads felt good. I slipped the hammer back and turned to face the new arrival.
She wasn't surprised to see the gun. I wasn't surprised to see her, but I kept the gun on her anyhow. You never know with tigers. Her expression didn't change, though, just settled into that maddening quirk of the lips that drives so many men wild.
"That bamboo in your pocket or are you glad to see me?" she purred, taking a step forward...
(in for two, so glad this printed!)
Giant congrats John! Both you an Tony getting your first prints back to back is like some kind of woot miracle!
The character and style are A+ awesome here. Definitely IN 4 1!
My face after seeing that this made the cut
You took the cute and fluffy innocence of the panda, tore it apart, clothed it, armed it, and out came... something I would never want to come across in a dark alley.
But just because he can turn me into Swiss cheese and utterly destroy me doesn't make it any less full of awesome.
I didn't check out this derby but after seeing first and second I'm amazed this wasn't first. Awesome shirt. In for one.
Exactly how long has the little Derby badge for the shirts said "Derby Chump"? I always thought it said "Derby Champ"... Has my speed reading just made me ignorant of this fact for this whole time?
Congratulations on making the first pun shirt that didn't make me say, "We, the Hitchhikers that's Jatravartid why is this a shirt?"
chirho wrote:Exactly how long has the little Derby badge for the shirts said "Derby Chump"? I always thought it said "Derby Champ"... Has my speed reading just made me ignorant of this fact for this whole time?
1st = champ
2nd = chimp
3rd= chump
I have a personal goal of getting 3rd for obvious reasons
View All →


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The current session of Russia's Duma concludes this week leaving a legacy of obedience to the all powerful Pesident Vladmir Putin. The Duma has not rejected any of his proposals and essentially serves as a lap dog for the Putin administration. The Duma has done an excellent job of pushing through legislation that makes it difficult for smaller parties to elect anyone to parliament because Putin really doesn't enjoy having anyone oppose the correctness of his policies. Vladmir Ryzhkov, among the few independent deputies, characterized the Duma because, "All it does is limp humbly behind the presidential administration and Cabinet. It's a parliament that totally lacks willpower and initiative." Ryzhkov finally got a commission established to investigate police actions in crushing an opposition political demonstration. The commission met a few times and then quietly never showed up again.
Historians will gaze back on the Putin administration for its failure to establish a vibrant Russian democracy. Putin did some effective actions to bring stability to the nation, but his greatest failure is being unable to accept the presence of divergent voices in parliament. It may well take another decade before Russian democracy is back to where it was in the 1990s.


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Interested in boots and gloves. Ok, I'm really interested in everything!
Finally some boots that are made in all white, as we all know the real ones started as all white, then were painted,
When will you be selling them
Any chance youl do the gloves in white as well,
(For those who want to build a total movie accurate suit and intend to dye them them selfs)
A white belt an ill go the trifector from you
Awesome work MOW! Everything looks great. I will be waiting patiently for the release dates.
Those boots are incredible looking, great job on that! All the soft parts look outstanding as well
Looks like exactly the right time to start with my ROTJ Boba. I`ll get a pair of these great boots for sure!
Nice work. Might be getting a pair of these boots.
Christian, those boots are awesome an do hope your prepared for the onslaught of orders, me included.
Those boots are beautiful. I was just starting to research where to get a pair...looks like my question is answered!
Man if only I had waited on my boot order...looks ike a new purchase in my future. Those are indeed some beautiful boots
Hey Christian, you already know I love those boots
Quick question though.. my shoe size floats between 12.5 and 13. More on the 13 size usually. Will the 12.5s be okay?
Will the ESB gloves have the different size patches on the back of each hand?
Wow Every thing looks very well done there,but i got to get a pair of ESB boots and gloves when they are ready
Some have been asking about the new flak vest particularly concerning size? I designed this new flak vest with lots of added room and a fully adjustable mid-section which wraps around towards the back then secured with velcro. Everything is hidden away under your backplate armor. Yes, the collar comes unattached and minimal filler has been used inside the collar and vest to prevent a bulky, disproportionate look. Lots of filler in the shoulders though.
Last edited by Man of War Studios; Feb 21, 2013 at 6:04 PM.
That's awesome....on both counts :-)
Christian, how durable do you expect the gloves to be? I seem to blow through the fingers (the non-quilted parts) of the pairs I've had, and they only last a few troops before needing to have the holes stitched up. Are you using the same thin stretchy parade-glove material?
pre-paid for a set of boots!
Holes just magically appear, generally in the fingers. I don't think I'm overly hard on them (no knife juggling or the likes), but I can't go a few troops without a hole appearing!


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I thought to do a separate thread from the one with the discussion about the cape having seams or not (read more here ==> ESB Cape Appears to Have Seams) and to post here my interpretation of the ESB cape and its measurements.
Attachment 66837 Attachment 66836 Attachment 66839
The PNG image is a hi-res image of the cape template and gives an excellent overall view, while the third image is a compilation of ESB stills that were used to achieve the cape's color.
I did the templates using my measuring method to achieve some close values regarding the main parts of the cape, which are the width, the height, the stripe's width and the stripe's distance from the cape's margins, and also the approximated point where the cape is attached to the left outer shoulder stud. This measuring method consist in using an image with a ruler and compare some of the key parts of the suit to re-size the image to match the needed value with the ruler's value; example: if I want an 1:1 image with the left chest plate, I re-size the image until the chest display's width is at 48mm.
The colors are as close as possible to the colors of the ESB stills and screen caps from the TDH Gallery. Other colors that are pretty close are:
Stripe Color-----------Main Color
Walnut Brown---------Sepia Brown
Medium Brown--------Taupe
Here is a comparison image of the cape template with a front and a back image of the ESB Hero suit. The template was rotated to a certain degree to match with the cape's side or the stripe's line. This degree difference between the front and the back view is because in the front view the cape is fold partially behind the shoulder bell, while in the back view the cape is covering the whole shoulder bell.
Attachment 66838
Have fun!


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Tuesday August 6th, 2013 1:17am
Garden City, N.Y. – Earlier this afternoon, the top seeded men's lacrosse team hosted the fourth seeded Purple Knights of St. Michael's College in the semifinal round of the Northeast-10 Championship. After throwing down six goals in the opening period, the Panthers flexed their offensive power by tacking on 14 over the next two quarters and closing with two more in the final frame to come away with a commanding 22-6 victory. With the win, the Brown and Gold bump their record to 13-1 while the Purple Knights are ousted from the Tournament at 11-5.
A total of 15 players registered at least one point while nine had multiple-point games. No one topped senior Nick Watson as he recorded a career high of eight points on six assists and two goals. Ikerson Hopper found the back of the cage for a game high four times while six of his teammates chipped in with two goals each.
Rashad Cureton and Daniel Moriarty impressed on faceoffs with Cureton taking nine of 11 and Moriarty going 6-7. Cureton also scooped up a team high nine ground balls. All four of the Panther's goalkeepers saw time in cage today with graduate student Eric Janssen earning the win after logging the first 30 minutes and allowing just two goals while making six saves. Aidan Bennardo saw the entire third quarter, allowed just two goals and making five saves while John McGrath and Keith McDermott split the final 15 minutes and combined for four saves and just two goals against.
For St. Michael's, Marty Vanzo did most of the leg work as he accounted for half of his team's goals while earning two of their three assists. Pete Donnally, DJ Dauria and Austin Driscoll all found the back of the net once.
Chris DeMairo suffered the loss after allowing 20 goals on 55:54 minutes in cage before teammates Andrew Landers and TJ Bicknell took over for the final 4:06.
The Panthers' offense was on fire from the start and unleashed 13 goals in the first half alone to put the game out of reach early on. Watson was involved in four of Adelphi's six first quarter goals; scoring twice himself and dishing out two assists by setting up Brendergast and Celano. Following up, Tuttle notched back to back goals within 1:25 of each other on successful unassisted attempts.
The scoring exhibition continued into the second as the Brown and Gold put up five more unanswered goals while their defense put up a brick wall and did not allow St. Michael's to get on the board, making it an 11-0 affair. Scoring came behind the efforts of Jamie McAndrew, Brian Prendergast, Patrick Starke, Hopper and Cory Stavis.
Vanzo finally got the Purple Knights on the board on an unassisted play with 4:35 left before halftime. However, Adelphi's Joe Celano and Anthony Rainone pushed the Panthers score up to 13 at the break while Donnally added the visitor's second goal.
Within the opening four minutes of the third, Hopper scored three times on assists from Vinny Coiro, Cureton and Watson, making it 16-2.Vanzo managed to beat Bennardo twice in the quarter but Adelphi responded with four more goals of their own to send the game into the fourth at 20-4.
Dauria and Driscoll traded goals with Adelphi's Nathan Serviss and Stephen Beckwith to round out the scoring.
With the win, the Panthers secured a spot in the NE-10 Championship game which will be held on Motamed Field at 1pm on Sunday, May 5. They await to find out who the winner of the winner of #2 Merrimack/#3 Le Moyne will be.


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Vitamix Professional Series 200 Blender
- Premier Deal
- Free Fast Shipping
- Premier Deal
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- Vendor Shipped
- PRICE MATCH GUARANTEE - Learn More
- Summary
Since 1937, Vitamix machines have set the standard for durability, versatility and sheer power. The Professional Series 200 model features a formidable commercial-grade 2-peak-horsepower motor that works in concert with laser-cut stainless-steel blades to blend, puree, chop and mix with remarkable precision and speed. Its lightweight shatterproof blending container can handle anything from crushed ice to hot soups.
- Variable speed operation offers exceptional control over texture and temperature.
- 2-peak-horsepower motor provides the power and speed to mix ingredients completely and evenly for ultrasmooth, creamy results.
- Engineered to last ten times longer than a leading competitor.
- Creates blends at least five times smoother than a leading competitor.
- Self-cleans in 60 seconds or less.
- Extremely versatile appliance can friction-cook hot soup and sauces from cold ingredients and whip up ice cream, sorbet and frozen drinks in seconds.
- Also great for making fresh, wholesome juices and nut butters, grinding grains into flour, emulsifying dressings and creating salsas, dips and spreads.
- One-piece precision-crafted stainless-steel blade stays sharp through rugged daily use.
- Metal-to-metal connection between container and base prevents stripping or wear.
- 64-oz. copolyester container is BPA free, lightweight and shatterproof for safety.
- Two-piece lid has removable plug for adding ingredients while in use and lid vents for releasing steam when processing hot ingredients.
- Includes patented tamper tool, cookbook and instructional DVD.
- Hand built and rigorously tested by the family-owned company at its headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio.
- Dimensions & More Info
- Plastic base; BPA-free copolyester container.
- 7 1/4" x 8 3/4" x 20" high.
- 64 fl. oz. capacity.
- 12 lb.
- 2 peak HP motor.
- This product is intended for use in the United States and Canada and is built to United States electrical standards.
- Made in USA.
- Use & Care
- Blades are sharp—handle with care.
- Fill container halfway with warm water, add a drop of dish soap then turn on low speed for regular cleaning.
- Wipe base clean with a damp cloth.
- Shipping
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This item will be shipped directly from the manufacturer and is not eligible for rush shipping. Please allow one to two weeks for delivery.
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The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping destination. View Shipping Options and Charges.
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At Williams Sonoma, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction are our priority. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement.
If within 30 days, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value. An original receipt or gift receipt is required for all returns and exchanges. Returns with a gift receipt will be refunded in the form of a Merchandise Credit for the amount indicated on the gift receipt. Returns with original receipt will be refunded in the original form of payment, cash and check refunds over $100 will be issued as a company check (may take 14 business days from time of request).
For all cutlery returns (knife sets, single knives, cutting boards, knife sharpeners, and knife storage) please contact us at 888.922.4108 to initiate the return.
We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, special-order items, custom upholstery, food, items shipped direct from the vendor, or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. Final sale items ending in .97 or .99 cannot be returned.
For returns of items purchased from your Williams Sonoma Gift Registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later. View Full Returns Policy.
- Gazpacho Recipe
In a small bowl, stir together 1/2 cup of the onion, 1 cup of the tomatoes, 3/4 cup of the cucumbers, the 1/2 tsp. salt, 1 tsp. of the lemon juice, 1 Tbs. of the olive oil, the parsley and pepper. Cover with plastic wrap and refrigerate until ready to serve.
In a Vitamix blender, combine the remaining onion with the remaining 4 tsp. lemon juice, the 1 Tbs. salt, the garlic, thyme, vinegar and bread. Turn the blender on, slowly increase the speed to the highest setting and blend until smooth, stopping the blender to scrape down the sides of the bowl with a rubber spatula as needed. Add half of the remaining tomatoes, cucumbers and bell pepper and blend until completely smooth, about 1 minute. Transfer to a large bowl. Blend the remaining tomatoes, cucumbers and bell pepper until smooth. Transfer to the bowl and season with pepper. Cover with plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 1 hour or up to 1 day.
Just before serving, transfer the soup to the blender. With the blender set on the lowest setting, slowly stream in the remaining 3 Tbs. olive oil and blend for 1 minute. Adjust the seasonings with salt and pepper.
Ladle the gazpacho into bowls. Garnish each portion with a heaping spoonful of the diced vegetables and a dollop of crème fraîche. Serves 4 to 6.
Williams Sonoma Kitchen
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Rated 5 out of 5 by mrsvoth from I love it! I was in the market for a new blender, and really like using this Vitamix. It is powerful, and I love the large container. This is easy to clean, too.Date published: 2016-05-11Rated 5 out of 5 by Tleigh from Turbo blender! The price tag on this blender has kept me from purchasing it in the past. The sale price, while still pretty high, made the buy a little easier to do! I do not regret my decision. This blender is powerful and large. I was previously using a very inexpensive applicance basically for smoothies whose motor would groan under the weight of the ingredients I was using. Not so with the Vitamix! The motor is powerful and the blade blends a smoothie in no time flat! You can use it for a myriad of .other things also. One of the nicest things about the blender is the hard cover recipe book that comes with it. Very nice applicance and I have to admit well worth the money. Just make sure you put the top on tight....otherwise you will be cleaning smoothie off the ceiling like I did!!Date published: 2016-05-06Rated 5 out of 5 by TylerGalpin from Great power and Well-Built I bought this blender to mostly make smoothies and shakes for workouts and meals. So far I'd say it's been fantastic to use. Well-constructed, it looks good on my countertop, and it blends well (duh). Drawback: the lid construction and the shape of the container make it difficult to easily clean. There are just a bunch of grooves that make it a little more difficult than necessary. Would still buy this again, though.Date published: 2015-05-06Rated 5 out of 5 by ChefDeJour from ONLY BLENDER TO OWN After going through three different blenders over the years, all of which were cumbersome, heavy, hard to clean and really didn't do a great job...and thus rarely used....I purchased this EXPENSIVE blender. Best decision I made, it is now my FAVORITE kitchen appliance. It WORKS! I use it almost daily, smoothies, soups, drinks. I could NOT live without it and if it broke, which I doubt it will, I'd buy a new one. Wish I had learned about this long ago and invested in it the first time I purchased a blender! It is worth the expense. Easy to clean, easy to handle, and will impress you as well.Date published: 2014-04-05Rated 5 out of 5 by blp98 from great product love this machine. the blades are so strong they blend things with the greatest of ease. So smooth and creamyDate published: 2013-09-27Rated 5 out of 5 by alaskacook from Best Blender Ever I have been using this blender for about 2 weeks now and absolutely love it. My smoothies are smoother than ever and I've even made soup in minutes. I've even made my husband a believer!Date published: 2013-05-25Rated 5 out of 5 by taxdiva from Love my Vitamix So my neighbor has one and kept raving -- yes the smoothies were better but really? that much for a blender? Well, I had some gift cards from WS and our old Waring Blender finally died so I decided to try one and its AMAZING. Not only does it make great smoothies (and juices) but its wonderful for so many uses. Cleans up easily Great for soups and sauces. I truly use it every day. Its on the counter next to my kitchenaid mixer and i am trying everything in it. Its really fabulous. Still not sure its worth the huge price but it does pulverize like nothing else. Cant wait for summertime and making sauces or canning with it.Date published: 2013-03-29Rated 5 out of 5 by jeepster from Should be called "Vital-mix"! If you are on a quest for healthier eating, this is the tool for you. Have had mine for almost 2 weeks and just getting started exploring the possibilities but we've used it at least once a day, usually more. Raw food smoothies daily and "on demand" sorbet or ice cream. My daughter is lactose intolerant so we're experimenting with making our own soy and almond milk too - no additives like grocery store brands! Comes with a large ring-binder cookbook and an excellent DVD featuring chef Michael Symon. Also got the 32 oz wet container which is super handy for small jobs. Only cons are height and that it is noisy, but most things are done in 30-60 seconds so its tolerable. It is a powerhouse!Date published: 2013-03-14


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"I am born in the year of the rabbit and loved the whimsical bunny designed on this label. It has simple lines and almost cartoonish in appearance. Love it."
"I wish either the envelopes matched the color of the invitations or the labels were white. It was "odd" to not have the colors on the envelopes match"
"We used these on egg cartons "From the G Family Chickens" to give eggs to friends and family. Super cute, bright colors, fast shipping. Great product."
"These are the best address labels I have purchased! They are cute and charming, and they fit in with our family. My husband agreed how sweet they were, and he felt my choice was great. Thank you for such a wonderful product!"
"Tiny Prints had so many cute return address label designs that I got carried away and ordered another batch just for my use only (minus the husband's name!). These are just simply adorable."
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Plant sales
Red Butte Gardens and Wasatch Community Gardens will hold plant sales this month. Customers can purchase yard and garden plants including heirloom tomatoes and peppers.
Red Butte Garden • Friday, May 3, 1 to 8 p.m. for members; Saturday, May 4, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. for the public. Sale takes place at 300 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City. Details at redbuttegarden.org/spring_plant_sale
Wasatch Community Gardens • Saturday, May 11, from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m., in the Rowland Hall School parking lot, 720 S. Guardsman Way (1580 East), Salt Lake City. Details at wasatchgardens.org/events/plant-sale
Avenues Proper opens
The Avenues Proper Restaurant & Publick House opened last week at 376 E. 8th Avenue, in Salt Lake City. The restaurant, located in the building next to Hatch Family Chocolates, is currently serving dinner Tuesday-Sunday beginning at 5 p.m. Lunch and weekend brunch will be offered in the coming weeks. The menu includes $3 appetizers as well as small plates, salads and entrees priced from $14-$20. Specialties includes house-made sausage, Utah elk carpaccio, and hamburger made with grass-fed beef and Utah cheese. Wine, craft beers and cocktails available. Avenues Proper also is set up to brew beer in-house. For details call 801-828-5310
Tour de Brewtah's food truck finale
Registration for the Tour de Brewtah a bike tour of downtown pubs is closed. But that doesn't mean you can't enjoy the food truck finale at the Gallivan Center. Participating food trucks include: Better Burger, Lewis Bros., Island Hopper Grill, The Chow Truck and Wakipaki. Some 800 riders are registered to participate in this year's Star Wars-themed ride. Organizers expect to raise $10,000 to donate to the Homeless Youth Resource Center, Wasatch Community Gardens and The Sharing Place.
When • Saturday, May 4, 2 to 7 p.m.
Where • Gallivan Center, 239 S. Main St., Salt Lake City
Cost • $5
Cookbook signing
Jaime Richardson, the blogger behind sophistimom.com, will be reading and signing her family craft and cookbook Celebrate Every Day: Recipes for Making the Most of Special Moments with Your Family."
When • Saturday, May 4, 2 p.m.
Where • King's English Bookshop, 1511 S. 1500 East, Salt Lake City
Details • To get an autograph, you must purchase the book from King's English
Bitters and Bites
Tickets are still available for Bitters and Bites, a night of cocktails and appetizers, sponsored by SLC Bites. Guests will get to sample drinks made by local "mixologists" and food from Naked Fish, Mazza and Eva's Bakery.
When • Sunday, May 5, 7 to 9 p.m.
Where • The Leonardo, 209 E. 500 South, Salt Lake City
Cost • $40; iheartslcbites.tumblr.com/events
Happy Monkey expanding
David McFate and Erin Atwater, owners of Happy Monkey Hummus, are celebrating the grand opening of their new 2,000-square-foot production facility with raffles, give-a-ways and tastings.
When • Monday, May 6, 11 p.m.-7 p.m. Ribbon cutting at 4 p.m.
Where • 3232 S. 400 East, Suite 1200, Salt Lake City
Cost • free


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Subscribe to Violence Against Women email updates.
Click the red escape button above to immediately leave this site if your abuser may see you reading it.
It can be hard to know if you're being abused. You may think that your husband is allowed to make you have sex. That's not true. Forced sex is rape, no matter who does it. You may think that cruel or threatening words are not abuse. They are. And sometimes emotional abuse is a sign that a person will become physically violent.
Below is a list of possible signs of abuse. Some of these are illegal. All of them are wrong. You may be abused if your partner:
If you think someone is abusing you, get help. Abuse can have serious physical and emotional effects. No one has the right to hurt you.
Sometimes a relationship might not be abusive, but it might have some serious problems that make it unhealthy. If you think you might be in an unhealthy relationship, you should be able to talk to your partner about your concerns. If you feel like you can't talk to your partner, try talking to a trusted friend, family member, or counselor. Consider calling a confidential hotline to get the support you need and to explore next steps. If you're afraid to end the relationship, call a hotline for help.
Signs of an unhealthy relationship include:
Signs of a healthy relationship include:
Content last updated: September 30, 2015.


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STATE COLLEGE — Don't hold Penn State coach Bill O'Brien to the timeline that he would settle on a starting quarterback in a couple weeks.
There's a lot to analyze when neither of the top two candidates has ever taken a Division I snap.
For now, junior college transfer Tyler Ferguson has a slight edge on prized freshman Christian Hackenberg in large part because Ferguson has more experience with the offense.
That's saying a lot given he just arrived in January and has never played in a major college football game. But that's still more experience than Hackenberg, who was playing high school ball a year ago.
"I said that in Chicago (at Big Ten media days), but I hope you didn't mark it in your calendar," O'Brien said Thursday at Penn State media day when asked if he still planned to settle on a starter by the end of next weekend, which would be two weeks before the season opener Aug. 31 against Syracuse at MetLife Stadium in New Jersey.
"Just hold your horses," O'Brien said.
It's a big responsibility for someone with so little experience, especially following the success of last year's starter Matt McGloin. He set school records in deftly guiding the offense in O'Brien's first year on the Penn State sideline.
Last year's backup, little-used Steven Bench, transferred to South Florida after spring practice, leaving program newcomers Ferguson and Hackenberg as the top quarterback candidates.
The 6-foot-4, 210-pound Ferguson threw for 2,614 yards and 22 touchdowns in 10 games for the College of the Sequoias last season, completing 55 percent of his passes. He enrolled in school in January, so was eligible to take part in spring ball.
The 6-foot-3, 215-pound Hackenberg played in the Under Armour All-American game after playing for Fork Union Military Academy in Virginia.
As of Thursday morning, Ferguson was taking the majority of first-team snaps.
"After three days, I would say that Tyler is a little bit ahead, again because he has knowledge of the offense," O'Brien said. Hackenberg, on the other hand, "must be staying up late at night studying the playbook because from Day 1 to Day 2 to Day 3, he's improved. These are two very talented quarterbacks at the Penn State football program right now."
Having a lot of weapons at the skill positions should help ease the transition.
The backfield is stocked with 1,000-yard rusher Zach Zwinak returning. The hard-nosed but soft-spoken Zwinak said he's fine and ready to go for the season after injuring his left wrist in the spring game.
O'Brien said promising backups Bill Belton and Akeel Lynch will also see time.
Tight end is strong with returnees Kyle Carter, Jesse James and Matt Lehman, even with another veteran, Brent Wilkerson, sidelined by a back injury. Redshirt candidate Adam Breneman, a promising freshman, could also add depth at tight end.
The receiving corps is led by star junior Allen Robinson, who led the Big Ten with 1,013 receiving yards and 11 touchdown catches.
"They both look good," Robinson said about Ferguson and Hackenberg. "There isn't anybody I would flat-out pick."
The dynamics at quarterback seem to be unique, too, for position coach Charlie Fisher. He can't remember the last time he had a room full of quarterback candidates that had never taken a Division I snap.
It certainly helps, of course, that O'Brien coached the position when he was in the NFL with the New England Patriots.
"Experience for me is just patience. Take your time and teach," Fisher said. "The expectations are the same no matter what. Work hard, learn from your mistakes and do the best you can every day."
The team put on shoulder pads for the first time Thursday, the third day of practice. The defense, under the supervision of new coordinator John Butler, has the early edge so far, O'Brien said.
Either way, the preseason seems much less hectic than last year, when O'Brien and a new staff took over after the Jerry Sandusky child sex abuse scandal.
"Everybody's adjusted to the play-calling and types of coaching styles. Everybody knows what's expected," middle linebacker Glenn Carson said. "We're light years ahead of where we were."


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Just what your fitness center, senior center, or doctor's office ordered! This 18" x 26" full-color poster reminds older adults about the benefits of exercise and provides information about NIA's Go4Life website [1].
Copies of this free poster may be ordered as part of the Go4Life exercise and physical activity campaign for older adults. The poster shows a large photo of a grandfather and grandson, and smaller photos illustrating the four types of exercise—endurance, strength, balance, and flexibility.
Also available:
|Go4Life dancers poster [2]
|Go4Life dancers poster in Spanish [3]
|Go4Life bicyclist poster [4]
|Go4Life swimmer poster [5]


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