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Thursday 16th December 2010
Getting in at four o'clock in the morning with a normal day's work to follow is something I struggle with a bit these days. It didn't seem to hurt half as much a few years ago but as difficult as it is, I guess I'm
admitting to not getting any younger!
As football fans we also know a defeat makes those journeys feel all the longer and the lack of sleep more painful. Our latest trip to Old Trafford falls into that category.
Did we deserve to lose the game? In my opinion probably not as we limited our hosts to very few opportunities considering who we were playing and we spent long periods probing, initially for that opener but eventually for an equaliser. Even the goal could be considered a freak but sometimes that's just the way it goes.
Overall, I don't think we deserved to win either but more down to the fact that United were defensively very solid on the night than anything else. A draw for me would have been about right and I think we all would have been satisfied with that.
The way this crazy season has developed so far means it is a defeat that could have been far more damaging, results this weekend will determine just how big the gap is between those fighting it out at the top as we head into the important Christmas period.
Our part in that simply has to be a win over Stoke City, a team that never fails to give their opponents a tough encounter.
Before all that we will find out of course where we will be heading off to come March in the Champions League. Germany or Spain are our only two potential destinations and, simply because it has been a long time since our last visit, my preferred choice would be Schalke.
Why is it however, that I can't help but suspect it will be Barcelona!
Come on you reds!!
FrankCopyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


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713-213-4286 firstname.lastname@example.com
The University of St. Thomas Catholic Outreach Program will host a Lenten Renewal Concert featuring internationally acclaimed guitarist Tony Melendez. The concert will be held at 6 p.m. Sunday, March 27 in the Jerabeck Athletic Center Gymnasium, 4000 Mt. Vernon.
The concert will be coupled with Eucharistic Adoration and Reconciliation. A barbeque benefitting UST Campus Ministry will precede the concert. Serving begins at 4 p.m.
Born without arms, Tony Melendez taught himself to play guitar with his feet at a young age. He now brings his message of hope and inspiration to youth and young adults through his music ministries. Most notably, he was selected to perform for Pope John Paul II during the Holy Father's visit to Los Angeles in 1987.
Since his performance for the Pope, Melendez's music ministry has been extremely successful, culminating in the formation of an international nonprofit organization, Tony Melendez Ministries, which seeks to serve youth and young adults, particularly those who are underprivileged. Melendez's visit to the University of St. Thomas is an incredible Lenten opportunity for young people and their families to grow in their faith and to praise God.
Learn more about Tony Melendez.
Tickets are $3 in advance and $5 at the door. To make reservations, call 713-525-3149 or e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com.
Educating Leaders of Faith and Character
Copyright © 2017 University of St. Thomas. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy | Clery Act | Title IX | Consumer Information
Please select one of the options below: Apply Now, Schedule Visit, or Request Info.

subset: commoncrawl


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that mount is a work of art.
Remember, the mounts on Epic and Scarlet are attached with four screws only, so even if one were damaged, there wouldn't be a need to send the entire camera back (unless the screw taps were somehow destroyed as well?).
I'm sure Red has already got this physics stuff well in the bag as to what would break first to save the most expensive part (kind of like low speed car crash engineering principles) and save having to ship the camera somewhere for repair.
Also, interesting note here on the fact that titanium can't come in contact with regular water. Something to think about if you're shooting in the rain.... though again, I'm sure Red has an answer for that too!
Personally I will equip our Epics with the standard aluminium mounts as I've had no issues on our Red Ones, plus I intend to swap to the Canon mount fairly often as that's my lens goto kit for my own shooting.
Cheers for all the info and yes, it's good to have choices :)
Although these were titanium alloys if I remember. Is the RED Ti mount an alloy?
Although there are hundreds of reference articles easily available to dispel this information, the following obtained from the Titanium Metals Corporation should cover most, if any concerns:
Titanium and its alloys provide excellent resistance to general and localized attack under most oxidizing, neutral and inhibited reducing conditions in aqueous environments. They also remain passive under mildly reducing conditions, although they may be attacked by strongly reducing or complexing media. Titanium is especially known for its outstanding resistance to chlorides and other halides generally present in most process streams.
Titanium's corrosion resistance is due to a stable, protective, strongly adherent oxide film which forms instantly when a fresh surface is exposed to air or moisture. This passive film is typically less than 250 A. (A, an angstrom, is 4 x 10^-9 in.) Film growth is accelerated under strongly oxidizing conditions such as in HNO3 and CrO3 (nitric acid, chromic acid), etc. media.
The composition of this film varies from TiO2 at the surface to Ti2O3 to TiO at the metal interface. Oxidizing conditions promote the formation of TiO2. This film is transparent in its normal thin configuration and not detectable by visual means.
A study of the corrosion resistance of titanium is basically a study of the properties of the oxide film. The oxide film on titanium is very stable and is attacked only by a few substances including hot concentrated reducing acids, most notably, hydrofluoric acid. Titanium is capable of healing this film almost instantaneously in every environment where a trace of moisture or oxygen is present because of titanium's strong affinity for oxygen.
Anhydrous conditions in the absence of a source of oxygen should be avoided since the protective film may not be regenerated if damaged.
Titanium resists all forms of corrosive attack by fresh water and steam to temperatures as high as 600 degrees F (316 degrees C). The corrosion rate is very low and a slight weight gain is generally experienced. Titanium surfaces are likely to acquire a tarnished appearance in hot water or steam but will be free of corrosion.
Some natural river waters contain manganese which deposits as manganese dioxide on heat exchanger surfaces. This is harmful and promotes pitting in both austenitic stainless steels and copper alloys. Chlorination treatments used to control sliming result in severe pitting and crevice corrosion on stainless steel surfaces. Titanium is immune to these forms of corrosion and is an ideal material for handling all natural waters.
Titanium resists corrosion by seawater to temperatures as high as 500 degrees F (260 degrees C). Titanium tubing which has been exposed to seawater for many years at depths of over a mile shows no measurable corrosion. It has provided over twenty five years of trouble-free seawater service for the chemical, oil refining and desalination industries. Pitting and crevice corrosion are totally absent, even when marine deposits form. The presence of sulfides in seawater does not affect the resistance of titanium to corrosion. Exposure of titanium to marine atmospheres or splash or tidal zones does not cause corrosion.
Titanium has the ability to resist erosion by high velocity seawater. Velocities as high as 120 ft./sec. cause only minimal rise in the erosion rate. The presence of abrasive particles, such as sand, has only a small effect on the corrosion resistance of titanium under conditions that are extremely detrimental to copper and aluminum base alloys. Titanium is considered one of the best cavitation-resistant materials available for seawater service.
A note after rereading the section on resistance to water corrosion - if any of us are planning on subjecting our EPIC's to water conditions measured in hundreds of degrees, I suspect that not only would the finish on the lens mount be the least of our concerns, but we might have a warranty problem as well. (Jarred - is it worth a disclaimer?)
What if the Titanium mount were powder coated? It would lose the cool factor but would it still retain the functionality that is desired?
My main reason for wanting Ti instead of Al is my old Red One's PL mount got a bit scuffed up.
Uploaded with ImageShack.us[/IMG]
Oh, well... At least I know if I spill mercury on my titanium mount it will be OK. Because you know, when I spill mercury on anything made of aluminum, it simply melts away....
Really though, this thread is taking a turn towards stupid.
Jarred: It appears that mount changes are simple - just removing the 4 screws.
Does this mean we will be allowed to swap mounts ourselves and make our own alternative mounts - i.e FD, Contax-Yashica, M42, Pentax 645, etc. without voiding the warranty if we have the facilities to do so? (As I do. In house CNC Haas VF-1, Habegger/schaublin and other lathes, etc.)
Hey Michael, Epic mounts have been slated to be easily replaced by the user since the first announcement, so yes. BTW, are you ever gonna send me that AquaVideo receipt? It's been only 6 months, 10 requests, and multiple promises from you ever since that small purchase... I am finding it very annoying to have to keep remind you with no results.
|« Previous Thread | Next Thread »


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Well, after about 16 months of searching, buying, building, going in debt, making a mess of my basement, losing sleep, etc. My Jango is finally reaching the finish line. I still have to tweak here, trim there, and put the finishing touches. I hope I have done the dented helmet gang proud. It is my honor to present to you my almost final version of Jango:
Edit: Woops, I thought I was in the Jango forum. Could a moderator please move this there? By the way, these photos were taken today at our garrison's fundraiser for Katie, the 501st Legion Commander's daughter. You can visit http://www.forkatie.org for more info.


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Free weight loss program information session in Avon Wednesday
October 16, 2012
Functional Wellness in Avon will host an information session Wednesday night for an upcoming weight-loss program. The session begins at 6 p.m. tonight. This program will include supervised weekly meetings to help participants stay focused and successful as they move through various phases of the weight-loss program.
Prior to beginning the weight-loss program, comprehensive blood work will be performed to evaluate participants cholesterol, liver and kidney function, blood sugar; red and white blood cells, thyroid and other metabolic functions. An individual appointment to review the results is included in the program. The supervised six-week program is $495 and includes supplements and blood work. For additional information or to sign up for the introductory session, call 970-376-7779.


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Main Library
VCPL Computer Lab
Tuesday, April 22 5:00 pm to 6:30 pm
Registration Required.
In this class about Publisher 2010, you will learn how to navigate the program, create text boxes, insert and work with graphics, and arrange objects. Please be familiar with the skills in the Basic Computing classes.


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NBA Stars Luke and Bill Walton Think Cisco ūmi is a Slam Dunk
"To see the house that I grew up in, and see the dogs that we used to play with running around behind him just makes the experience that much more personal," said Los Angeles Lakers Forward Luke Walton on using Cisco ūmi to talk to his father, NBA legend Bill Walton.
As the Official Technology Partner of the NBA, four player/family pairs were captured connecting over Cisco ūmi from their homes.
CLICK HERE to check out the FIRST video!
Want to see more videos similar to this one?! "Like" us on Facebook, and we'll give you exclusive updates and sneak peeks of future Cisco ūmi videos starring your favorite NBA players and their loved ones.
The first in the series is a clip of two NBA players, one retired and one in the middle of his career. With the help of Cisco ūmi, Luke and Bill took a few moments away from their busy lives to catch up on their HDTVs. Luke commented on the change in his father's hair color, "It does look like you've lost most of that red hair though, big man. I don't know if we can call you 'Big Red' anymore." And, like any concerned parent, Bill made sure his son was taking care of himself, "Are you eating enough?"
The Walton's video shows how easy and enjoyable it is to stay in touch with family and friends using Cisco ūmi telepresence. Details of a person's surroundings appear vibrant and almost tangible. Their interaction was so real, we half expected Luke and Bill to hug at the end.
Check out fan reactions after they connected with NBA players over ūmi at the NBA All-Star Jam in Los Angeles this past February!
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.


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By Chris Harris
Arsène Wenger expects a "very calm" transfer window - at least in the first couple of weeks.
The Arsenal manager has declared an interest in strengthening his squad before the end of January and, as ever, has been linked with a long list of potential signings.
Ultimately, Wenger feels a lack of transfer funds across football will affect the degree of movement among players.
"[I'm expecting it to be] very calm because, first of all, I believe there is little money and what can happen is basically a transfer market within the English clubs," Wenger told Arsenal Player.
"That is more difficult than with the foreign clubs. Overall, I believe that not a lot will happen.
"That [the economic situation] could [affect movement], because the clubs have to look at the finances. What makes the clubs are the fans and what makes the fans is the economy. On that front, nobody is really sure what will happen in 2013."
But Wenger believes there is no shortage of quality available, especially with a number of experienced players available on free transfers at the end of the season.
"A lot [are] over 30," he said. "Of course, they are all great players. They have proven that.
"It shows that the market will be more difficult for the players because the fact that you have so many top-quality players available means that [the clubs] are cautious as well."
- Join the conversation on Twitter: #SCFCvAFC


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Guest Commentary by Karen M. Shell, Oregon State University
Clouds are very pesky for climate scientists. Due to their high spatial and temporal variability, as well as the many processes involved in cloud droplet formation, clouds are difficult to model. Furthermore, clouds have competing effects on solar and terrestrial radiation. Increases in clouds increase reflected sunlight (a cooling effect) but also increase the greenhouse effect (a warming effect). The net effect of clouds at a given location depends the kind of clouds (stratus, cumulus etc.), their distribution in the vertical and on which radiative effect dominates.
Not only is it difficult to correctly represent clouds in climate models, but estimating how clouds and their radiative effects will change with global warming (i.e., the cloud feedback) is very difficult. Other physical feedbacks have more obvious links between temperature and the climate variable. For example, we expect and have strong evidence for the increase in water vapor in a warmer climate due to the increased saturation specific humidity, or the reduced reflection of sunlight due to the melting of snow and ice at higher temperature. However, there isn't a simple thermodynamic relationship between temperature and cloud amount, and the complexities in the radiative impacts of clouds mean that an increase in clouds in one location may result in net heating, but would correspond to a cooling elsewhere. Thus, most of the uncertainty in the response of climate models to increases in CO2 is due to the uncertainty of the cloud feedback.
So how cool is it then that the recent paper by Fasullo and Trenberth estimates the net climate sensitivity without getting into the details of the cloud feedback then? Quite cool.
Figure 1 from Soden and Held (2006) showing ranges for each model for each of the key atmospheric feedbacks for the CMIP3 models.
The complexity of the cloud feedback means that it is difficult to observe and evaluate. Ideally, we would have accurate global observations of clouds for a number of decades to compare to the climate models. However, without that, we have to estimate cloud feedbacks using the shorter high-quality observational record, and then try to relate the short-term behavior to long-term (century-scale) cloud feedbacks. For some feedbacks, such as the water vapor and ice-albedo feedbacks, there has been some success in evaluating models directly using observations. For example, the modeled water vapor feedback in response to the eruption of Pinatubo agrees with the satellite data (Soden et al., 2002), while modeled Northern Hemisphere (NH) snow and sea-ice feedbacks underestimate the observed feedback (Flanner et al., 2008). Evaluation of cloud feedbacks has been less successful, due to the difficulty of obtaining homogenous global cloud properties from either satellite or surface-based observations. Many assumptions (such as for cloud droplet size or vertical distribution) must be made for these retrievals, and instrument and calibration errors may still be significant. Additionally, there isn't an obvious correspondence of the short-term cloud behavior with the long-term behavior in climate models (Dessler, 2010; Masters, 2012).
Correlation of zonal mean relative humidity against sensitivity, and the definition of two key regions.
Correlation between the two mid-tropospheric regions and model sensitivities.
The Fasullo and Trenberth paper identified a relationship between the modeled seasonal change in relative humidity in the subtropical dry zones (the downwelling branch of the Hadley circulation, centered around 20-30°N and S) and the long-term feedback behavior of clouds in models. This is a very promising methodology because, if the relationship holds, we could evaluate climate models using observations of the seasonal cycle of relative humidity (which are much easier to obtain than cloud measurements). We don't actually have to observe clouds at all! Fasullo and Trenberth use satellite data to estimate the present-day (1980-1990) May through August relative humidity and find that the CMIP3 models that best match the observations have strong moist zones in the tropical lower troposphere, strong dry zones in the subtropical upper troposphere, and high climate sensitivities. Thus, Fasullo and Trenberth conclude that the relative humidity observations are most consistent with higher climate sensitivities (around 4°C for a doubling of CO2).
One piece missing in this work is the direct link of the RH observations to the cloud feedback. Since clouds form in saturated air, the lower the RH, the lower the cloud amount (broadly speaking), and the lower the planetary albedo (since less sunlight is reflected to space). While Fasullo and Trenberth don't specifically calculate cloud feedbacks, their figure 3 relates the climate sensitivity to changes in solar fluxes at the top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) in the subtropics. Outside of the polar regions, clouds are really the only things which could be changing the TOA fluxes this much, but it would be nice to confirm this by comparing the northern hemisphere summer RH in the dry zones to cloud feedbacks specifically.
Another issue is that it is not clear how exactly to improve modeled RH. Subtle model details influence the emergent dynamics of the system. There's not a single "knob" that can be tuned to influence the RH seasonal cycle, and models might not correctly capture the dependence of cloud properties on RH. Alternately, RH and clouds could be responding to something else that is controlling both processes. Even if models are capturing the response of subtropical clouds to climate change, other feedbacks (water vapor, temperature, snow and sea ice, or high-latitude cloud feedbacks) may not be related to subtropical RH or may behave differently for the seasonal cycle compared with climate change. Finally, the seasonal cycle omits cloud changes in response to CO2 directly (Gregory and Webb, 2008; Colman and Mcavaney, 2011), which will influence climate change. Nevertheless, this new simple diagnostic is an encouraging step linking observations to climate sensitivity.
- J.T. Fasullo, and K.E. Trenberth, "A Less Cloudy Future: The Role of Subtropical Subsidence in Climate Sensitivity", Science, vol. 338, pp. 792-794, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1227465
- B.J. Soden, and I.M. Held, "An Assessment of Climate Feedbacks in Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Models", Journal of Climate, vol. 19, pp. 3354-3360, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3799.1
- B.J. Soden, "Global Cooling After the Eruption of Mount Pinatubo: A Test of Climate Feedback by Water Vapor", Science, vol. 296, pp. 727-730, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.296.5568.727
- M.G. Flanner, K.M. Shell, M. Barlage, D.K. Perovich, and M.A. Tschudi, "Radiative forcing and albedo feedback from the Northern Hemisphere cryosphere between 1979 and 2008", Nature Geoscience, vol. 4, pp. 151-155, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1062
- A.E. Dessler, "A Determination of the Cloud Feedback from Climate Variations over the Past Decade", Science, vol. 330, pp. 1523-1527, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1192546
- T. Masters, "On the determination of the global cloud feedback from satellite measurements", Earth System Dynamics, vol. 3, pp. 97-107, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-3-97-2012
- J. Gregory, and M. Webb, "Tropospheric Adjustment Induces a Cloud Component in CO2Forcing", Journal of Climate, vol. 21, pp. 58-71, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI1834.1
- R.A. Colman, and B.J. McAvaney, "On tropospheric adjustment to forcing and climate feedbacks", Climate Dynamics, vol. 36, pp. 1649-1658, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1067-4


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Canon EOS M2 review: Incremental upgradeBy Kevin Carter - Friday January 10 2014 Sensor Review
Canon was the last maker to introduce a mirrorless camera to the market and after something of a false start with EOS M, the company has released an update with the same Hybrid CMOS II sensor as the company's Rebel SL1 (100D). Read on to find out how the new, Asia only, EOS M2 performs.
Canon was the last of the major manufacturers to introduce a mirrorless model, but rather than shy away from smaller size sensors the EOS M used the same APS-C size CMOS sensor found in the EOS Rebel range of DSLRs. In fact the EOS M adopted the same 18-Mpix CMOS sensor as the Rebel T4i (EOS 650D) and introduced a small number of lenses adopting a new, smaller EF-M lens mount.
Announced late last year (December, 2013), the EOS M2 has been updated with the same Hybrid CMOS II sensor as the company's Rebel SL1 (100D). Not only does this sensor promise up to 2.3x faster autofocusing than the previous model, but the on chip phase detection pixels cover a much larger area, up to 80% of the frame. Also new to this model is an AF Servo mode during video capture. However, the new EOS M2 has so far only been launched in China and Japan.
Despite the outwardly similar shell to the original, according Canon Japan it's now slightly smaller (by 8% in volume) while also adding WiFi connectivity for sharing and remote control using the firm's free EOS Remote app. Other modifications include a remodeled mode dial, while the stereo microphone has been moved to the front from the rear. It also has a faster continuous burst rate, up from 4.3 fps to 4.6 fps.
Key specifications:
- 18-Mpix APS-C format CMOS sensor
- ISO 100-12,800 (ISO 25,600 extended)
- 4.6 fps burst mode with continuous AF
- 3.0-inch 1.04k-Dot LCD
- Full HD 1080 video capture at 30/25/24 fps
- Advanced Hybrid AF System
- Built-In WiFi
Measurements: Canon EOS M2: On a par with current EOS APS-C sensors
Canon EOS M2 Versus Canon EOS 100D Versus Canon EOS M: Similar performance
Canon EOS M2 Versus Panasonic Lumix DMC-GM1 Versus Olympus PEN E-PM2:Competitive performance to MFT
Canon EOS M2 Versus Sony NEX-5T Versus Nikon 1 J3: Behind the best rival APS-C sensors
Further readings for the Canon EOS M2 review: Incremental upgrade
To provide photographers with a broader perspective about mobiles, lenses and cameras, here are links to articles, reviews, and analyses of photographic equipment produced by DxOMark, renown websites, magazines or blogs.
Added by Jorginho | January 15 , 2014
Strange forum
Sigh...So i touch the "reply button" and then I get warped out of here into some sort of general forum in which my direct ppssibility to reply to you has now gone. ????? Impractical.
Anyways....Just look at your own graphs. Compare the EPM2 and the Sony 5T. No, these sensors are not identical (I am very aware of their size etc) but they do perform almost identical.
Yet you seem to imply that :
1) The difference between the EPM2 performance and the EOSM2 is marginal
2) The difference between the 5T and the EOSM2 is noted as "Against the APS-C format Sony NEX-5T, the EOS M2 doesn't compare that favorably"
Noise performance throughout the range: all three score on par
DR: At base ISo Sony is clearly better than EOSM2, sligthly than EPM2. At high ISO the EPM2 is better than the Sony. EOSM2 also just nicks it there
Tonal range: Oly and Sony perform identical, EOSM2 is just a tad worse
Colour senisitity: Oly and Sony are again very close, EOSM2 is behind at lower ISO.
There is no reason to have a distinction between the Oly and the Sony performance. That is the point.
In fact: I wonder how come you score the Oly 72, the Sony 78. At base ISO the Sony on two points is a btit better, but above ISO 400 or so there is no difference or it is even a bit in favour of the EPM2.
That is my point.
Added by Jorginho | January 13 , 2014
Strange remark
I compared the soce of the EPM2, the Sony NEX 5T and the EOS M2. In contrast with your writing, the Sony 5T and the EPM2 are so close they are nearly identical. At base ISO the 5T is somewhat better, but the rest...The EOS-M2 is not bad at all, but if it is not close to the 5T likeyour articel suggests than the same is true for the EPM2. However you conclude there is a difference but it is a small one. Do you look at your own graphs?
Reply | Read all replies for this comment
First replies for this comment
Added by Emilie_DxOMark | January 14 , 2014
Re: Strange remark
Thanks for your comment.
About the comparison with the EPM2, our review says : "the Olympus E-PM2 adopts a different sensor altogether and outperforms both the GM-1 and EOS M2, albeit only marginally."
The EPM2 scores slightly higher than the EOS M2, difference of score is not higher than ½ stop. Please keep in mind that the EPM2 sensor is significantly smaller.
NEX 5T and EPM2 are not identical at all, which elements give you that feeling ?
Best regards,
The DxOMark team


text: I am looking to purchase a tonneau cover in the near future and was wondering if anyone has any they recommend or like. i need one that will work with stainless bed rails. i'm thinking a nice soft roll-up cover would be good. let me know what u guys think.


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Police ID 8-year-old boy killed in Boston Marathon blasts
Three people killed, about 150 injured
ALYSSA NEWCOMB & ANTHONY CASTELLANO, ABC NEWS - The boy who died after waiting for his dad to finish the Boston Marathon Monday when two bombs exploded seconds apart was a typical 8-year-old who loved to ride his bike and play baseball, according to a neighbor.
Martin Richard died from the explosion that injured his mother and sister as they all waited for his father to finish the race, according to ABC News' Boston affiliate WCVB-TV.
A single candle was placed in front of his home overnight in Dorchester, Mass.
"There are no words to describe how they are feeling ... we are feeling," neighbor Jane Sherman told WCVB, adding that the family is close-knit.
The death toll from the twin bombings stands at three. Police announced Tuesday morning that 176 people were injured in the attack, with at least 17 still in critical condition.
Dr. Vivek Shah was among those who provided on-site assistance He had just crossed the 26.2-mile finish line at the marathon Monday when he was forced to put his medical skills to work.
"I've never obviously been in combat, but people I've trained with have been and this is as close as I can imagine it would be," Shah told ABC News Radio late Monday night. "Just, basically piles of victims. Everything I saw was a traumatic amputation, basically."
Shah, an orthopedic surgeon at New England Baptist Hospital in Roxbury Crossing, Mass., said he saw injuries along the sidewalks on Boylston Street for which no amount of training could prepare him.
"In all my medical training, I have not seen things that I saw [Monday]. Everything was traumatic," Shah said.
Spectator Aaron Hern, 11, of Martinez, Calif., was another young victim injured when flying shrapnel dug into his thigh as he was waiting for his mother to cross the finish line. Hern is being treated at Boston Children's Hospital.
"He was waiting for his mom to go through the finish line to take pictures of her and shortly before she got there, the bomb went off," family friend Janene Sides told ABC News affiliate KGO-TV.
On Facebook, Aaron's mother, Katherine, said her son was in stable condition in the ICU late Monday night. Hern said Aaron would have additional surgeries and is expected to be hospitalized for seven to 10 days.
Hern's injuries are similar to what doctors at two Massachusetts hospitals described Monday night, hours after the explosions. Some of the most critical patients sustained lower extremity injuries from debris.
Dr. Ron Walls, chair of emergency medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital, said doctors did not identify any shrapnel, such as ball bearings, but saw a lot of "street stuff" that had injured their patients.
"Rocks, bits of metal, soda cans, anything that is really close to a blast like that can be fragmented," he said. "Everything we saw was ordinary material that could have been propelled by the device."
Of the 31 patients who were transported to Brigham and Women's Hospital after the blast, nine are in critical condition and one person has "life-threatening" injuries, Walls said.
It was a similar scene at Massachusetts General Hospital, where trauma surgeon Dr. Peter Fagenholz said he found "a lot of small metal debris" in victims.
RELATED: Knocked Down Marathoner Thought It Was His 'Last Trip'
Of the 29 patients he said were seen at the hospital, eight were in critical condition.
"The most common serious injuries are combined lower extremity injuries," he said, which included bone and soft vascular trauma.
Fagenholz said several amputations had been performed at the hospital today and he had seen at least one ruptured ear drum.
"A number of patients will require repeat operations tomorrow and serial operations over the next couple of days," Fagenholz said.
Children Among the Victims of Blasts
On a public school holiday in Boston, Patriots' Day, children were also hit hard by the explosions.
Some of the youngest victims were taken to Boston Children's Hospital, where officials said their conditions ranged from good to serious.
Other injured included a 7-year-old boy who was being seen in the emergency room for a minor leg injury and a 12-year-old with a femur fracture, hospital officials said.
The 42-year-old parent of a patient was also being treated in the emergency department and three additional patients were in good condition, according to the hospital's evening update.
At Tufts Medical Center, nine people were being treated for "significant but not life-threatening injuries," WCVB reported.
Four of the surgical cases were serious orthopedic and neuromuscular trauma to the lower legs, with open fractures, while other patients suffered shrapnel wounds and ruptured eardrums, hospital officials said.


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|Lusty Grandmas
What could be better for a horny grandma on a sunny...
Advanced in years, hot beauties just love to share their wonderfully aged and wise cunts to those who are willing to embrace their ancient loves. With overbearing sexy loves, these grizzled yet attractive babes always know how to pleasure men, regardless of their age. Teaching young and awkward boys on the full exquisite knowledge of pleasing women's pussies make these aged beauties such hot assets! Spending time with these sexy grizzly beauties will not only captivate youthful hearts but their warm and pre-loved bodies can always enchant and turn men into horny lusty bastards. Catch really young boys, some just barely out of their teens banging attractive grandmas' wet water holes like crazy horny bulls. Ramming and plowing these experienced and mature babes' cunts grow these younger boys up immensely thus making them really sex-wise beyond their age! Youthful hunks just adore these old cougars as these smoking exquisite grandmas can always beat their younger sisters when they transform into wild and energetic bitches. The aged beauties here always give their youths love good and skillful licks down under. Running wet and slippery tongue down these mens' dicks and balls drive these immature boys mad with passionate adrenaline at Lusty Grandmas. Do not be fooled by their gentle smiles or homely dispositions, for beneath those calm and aged veneers are some pretty out-of-control and horny cougars. These aged-wise kitties just need some coaxing to activate that youthful buttons of theirs by real hot, inexperienced hunks. Catch these adorable new studs plowing their wild willies down wrinkled old cunts, as there is no age barrier to having fucking wonderful sex! The up in the years girls here might have wrinkled face, flabby skin or thinning white hair but they are still very young at heart and always in search of hard fucking entertainment. Watch these wild grandmas in action, as they take on these wild raging bears in their loving cunts. As these attractive grandmas take on each hard youthful thrust patiently with their ever-loving pussies, lusty younger men are made to submit when they could no longer hold in their steaming-hot seeds.
Lusty Grandmas
Beautiful mature grannies in hardcore sex
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Granny waters her plants and gets him wet so he comes...


text: That too. Point is, they probably both knew deep down it was a risk. He could have done it for the "trophy wife" factor; she could have done it for some easy $$. Not saying this is the reason but just putting it out there that this just might not be the "good person/bad person" situation that so many seem to think it is.


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Design your lifestyle outstanding using Anne Vyalitsyna's Heels
Everyone knows this time lures, we can not stand up to sprucing of their time, yet you can have the response of time's sprucing up great. So, take the time to dress all by yourself upward making your health amazing every last min. This Heels for Angel Vyalitsyna just might help you through.


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Posted by James Staten on October 31, 2012
If you have dismissed Microsoft as a cloud platform player up to now, you might want to rethink that notion. With the latest release of Windows Azure here at Build, Microsoft's premier developer shindig, this cloud service has become a serious contender for the top spot in cloud platforms. And all the old excuses that may have kept you away are quickly being eliminated.
In typical Microsoft fashion, the Redmond, Washington giant is attacking the cloud platform market with a competitive furor that can only be described as faster follower. In 2008, Microsoft quickly saw the disruptive change that Amazon Web Services (AWS) represented and accelerated its own lab project centered around delivering Windows as a cloud platform. Version 1.0 of Azure was decidedly different and immature and thus struggled to establish its place in the market. But with each iteration, Microsoft has expanded Azure's applicability, appeal, and maturity. And the pace of change for Windows Azure has accelerated dramatically under the new leadership of Satya Nadella. He came over from the consumer Internet services side of Microsoft, where new features and capabilities are normally released every two weeks — not every two years, as had been the norm in the server and tools business prior to his arrival.


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Click the links below to find more information:
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Results 1 to 2 of 2
Thread: 49ers Wed practice
01-23-2013, 10:38 PM #1iggyman555 Guest
49ers Wed practice
Meanwhile, practice squad receiver Ricardo Lockette - perhaps the fastest player on the 49ers' roster - is playing the role of Ravens speedster Torrey Smith in practice. A former track star at Fort Valley State, Lockette ran a 4.37-second 40-yard dash at the 2011 NFL combine, which matched the fastest time by a wide receiver.
Chad Hall, who stands 5-8, is portraying Anquan Boldin, who had a string of big games against the 49ers when he was with the Cardinals earlier in his career. Boldin also had a strong game in the Ravens' 16-6 win over the 49ers last year. He led all receivers with four catches for 63 yards.
01-23-2013, 11:00 PM #2Veteran Poster
- Join Date
- Jun 2011
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Isn't it ironic, don't you think?
Tomorrow at the solar-powered Felton Fire Station at 1 p.m., the Felton Linux Users Group is holding its monthly meeting, and we're having a speak from Canonical coming to talk to us.
As one of the founders of the group and usually the one who kicks off the meeting and introduces guest speakers, I get to introduce him to the group before he speaks.
It's a free ride when you already paid. Anyway, it should be fun.
Meanwhile, some of you may have had my Lavabit address — I had a Lavabit account and used it for CrunchBang/FOSS related e-mails. Of course, you probably heard by now about how Ladar Levison took the site down for reasons he can't talk about, but are somewhat tied to his protecting the privacy of the 350,000 users on Lavabit (one of whom, reportedly, was an Edward Snowden, of NSA contractor fame).
I'm currently looking for a replacement.
So tomorrow, watch for the weekly Larry the Free Software Guy tome. It'll be here, right on time.
This blog, and all other blogs by Larry the Free Software Guy, Larry the CrunchBang Guy and Larry Cafiero, are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND license. In short, this license allows others to download this work and share it with others as long as they credit me as the author, but others can't change it in any way or use it commercially.
(Larry Cafiero is one of the founders of the Lindependence Project and develops business software at Redwood Digital Research, a consultancy that provides FOSS solutions in the small business and home office environment.)
August 10, 2013 at 7:01 pm
https://prism-break.org/ Huge list of things to use. FOSS/Linux stuff mostly.
I and a friend have been using email and VPN from https://riseup.net
works good


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Lindsey Vonn's request to compete in a men's World Cup downhill race has been rejected by the International Ski Federation.
The FIS council met Saturday in Oberhofen, Switzerland, and "confirmed that one gender is not entitled to participate in races of the other," adding in a statement that "exceptions will not be made to the FIS Rules."
Vonn, a four-time overall World Cup champion and part-time Park City resident, wanted to enter the men's downhill on Nov. 24 at Lake Louise, Alberta, six days before the women race on the same course.
"It's very clear," FIS secretary general Sarah Lewis told The Associated Press in a telephone interview. "It's called the men's World Cup and the ladies' World Cup. The men race the men's World Cup and the ladies race the ladies' World Cup. FIS and World Cup points are not transferrable from one circuit to another."
The FIS statement said Vonn "is welcome to submit a request to the organizing committee and jury to be a forerunner" for the races. Forerunners test the course before races for safety and visibility.
Vonn has earned nine of her 26 World Cup downhill victories in Lake Louise, which is often dubbed "Lake Lindsey" for her dominance there.
Vonn approached the FIS with the request in early October. Following discussions between Vonn, coaches and sport leaders, the U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA) petitioned the FIS council to consider her request to enter a men's race at some point in her career.
"We're disappointed that the FIS Council did not support the proposal, but also respect its direction," USSA president and CEO Bill Marolt, who is also a member of the FIS council, said in a statement. "Lindsey Vonn is a great champion in our sport and we have always respected her interests in this new challenge."
Alpine Canada president Max Gartner was disappointed about the decision.
"I saw it as a great opportunity to raise the profile of the sport by attracting interest from people who do not normally follow ski racing, particularly in North America," Gartner said in a statement. "It would have provided a great platform to showcase our sport and the amazing athletic performances of our athletes."
Lewis said while there was no vote, the 17-member council was in general agreement over the decision.
"This decision had nothing to do with an individual. It's not personal, it's not specific to Lindsey and it's not underlying her skills," Lewis said, adding that the USSA handled Vonn's request "eloquently."
Still, Gartner wasn't satisfied.
"Lindsey has achieved many milestones in ladies' ski racing," he said. "It would have been interesting to see how she stacked up against the best male racers in the world. Lake Louise is the perfect venue to have that comparison because Lindsey has as much experience on the mountain as many of the men have had."
Vonn has said she wants to race the grueling Streif course in Kitzbuehel, Austria, after she retires.
"I hope Lindsey gets a chance to fulfill her dream at a later date," Gartner said.
Richardson sweeps at speedskating event
Heather Richardson added a second 500-meter victory and a record-setting win in the 1,000 Saturday to give her a sweep of the first four women's races at the U.S. Long Track Speedskating Championships in West Allis, Wis.
Richardson took her second 500 in 38.27 seconds and the 1,000 in a Pettit National Ice Center- record 1:14.00. She shattered the old mark of 1:15.50 set on Nov. 26, 2005, by Jennifer Rodriguez, who won bronze medals in the 1,000 and 1,500 races in the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.
Japan's Asada wins Cup of China
Two-time world champion Mao Asada of Japan won the Cup of China with a strong free skate on Saturday in Shanghai.
Asada, who was second after Friday's short program, earned 181.76 points to overtake Russian teen Julia Lipnitskaia, who lacked the speed and polish she displayed to win the short program.
The 14-year-old Lipnitskaia, skating in her first senior Grand Prix event, took second with a score of 177.92. Last season's world junior champion is considered one of Russia's top medal hopes for the 2014 Sochi Olympics.


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Join Couchsurfing to see Benjamin's full profile. It's free!
About Me
UPDATE: quite long not seen on CS but now, back I am :)
I am just how I am, just me.
For more recent pictures, check Facebook. What a surprise :D
I'm studying English language and Psychology/Philosophy at the University of Salzburg to become a teacher sooner or later. Right now I`m studying English language for Diploma, PP got boring after a while :)
Feel free to contact me everytime, concerning everything.
fly my soul fly,
like the wind,
in dreams of fullest life
without borders of time
endless like thoughts in an endless mind
as constantly as a river floats
leaving past, present and future behind
becoming everything
longing for nothing
finding the way
reaching the infinity
fly my soul fly
loving life
being love
(by myself)
Be positive, smile, and enjoy life.
World is one and people who live there are one too, there are no differences between races, colours or people.
But this all are just words - for more, we have to meet.
Let people live.
Why I'm on Couchsurfing
I host, I surf, I tell everybody about couchsurfing,I organise meetings,
and I greet new couchsurfing members of Salzburg (except if I forget one or two) :) (without beeing in a greeting group :) ) and
hosted Kim, Amy and Corinne
hosted Susanna
hosted Christine and Michael
hosted Liz
hope more are following
surfed Elpidas couch
surfed Sarahs couch
hope more are following too :)
Met (people from couchsurfing, who I met, neither hosted or surfed):
some couchsurfers from Salzburg in Salzburg
Robbert in Thailand
Alex and Jock in Greece
Sascha in Greece
Sunil and Rishi in Salzburg
Shai, Spyro, Issa, Ginni, Alex, Amanda, Mikky, Wolfgang, Ziggy, Mosi, ?(I forgot one's name)
Eeva, Jürgen, Dagmar, Thomas, maybe I forgot one or two again :)
uiuiui many many people .) (names will follow soon, as the pictures from the meeting - I'm so lazy these days .) )
some people again :) (Meeting)
and again quite a lot people from the Meeting
people and life; books and dancing; movies and music; eating and tea; summer, dance, dreams, climbing, shamanism,
poetry, journeys, campfire, talking with people, thinking, spirituality, looking at the night sky (although I don't know any constellations), sun,
meditation, more summer, friends, philosophize, enjoy, again sun, temperatures over 25 degrees, lying in the bed, laugh, love, sleep, to be different but still be me, dreaming,
travel, fun, krump, freedom, air, walking barefooted, minds, beeing honest, truth, ...
- books
- poetry
- dancing
- meditation
- walking
- flying
- movies
- traveling
- music
- rock climbing
- teaching
- psychology
Music, Movies, and Books
many many shaman books, Hermann Hesse - Siddartha, Olga Kharitidi - Samarakand, Musashi, J.R.R. Tolkien - Lord of the Rings, Serge Kahili King - Urban Shaman, Nick Hornby - High Fidelity, Harry Potter, Das Rad der Zeit, Carlo Zumstein - schamanistic way of dreaming, Norbert Muigg - speach of the heart, nick hornby stuff, Alberto Villoldo, Michael Harner, The picture of Dorian Gray, at the moment: The wheel of time, egyptian book of death (=das Ägyptische Totenbuch, and sooooooooo many more ...
I like almost every genre of movies, but no horror
just a few: Dead Poets Society, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, Finding Neverland, John Q., The Hurricane, Studio 54, Pulp Fiction, Reservoir Dogs, Fight Club, Romeo and Juliet, Blow, Remember the Titans, The shawshank redemption, Rendezvous with Joe Black, Hearts in Atlantis, Hotel Ruanda, Tsotsi, Good Will Hunting, Blood Diamond, Interstate 60, Stranger than Fiction, Click, ....
reggae, blues, jazz - less than I used to, bit of rock, a bit of hip hop, bit of goa, meditation music
again just a few in a mess: Groundation, Beirut, Soldiers of Jah Army, The Wailers, John Lee Hooker, Aretha Franklin, Alpha Blondie, Matisyahu, Ben Harper, Black Uhuru, Dire Straits, Gentleman, Jethro Tull, Joss Stone, Buena Vista Social Club, Etta James, Nas, Loreen McKennet, Jamaram, Jahcoustix, Jah Cure, Katchafire, Ben Harper, .......
One Amazing Thing I've Done
Teach, Learn, Share
Come to Salzburg and get together.
Countries I've Visited
Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Morocco, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom
Countries I've Lived In


text:
I used a mid sheen burgundy on my jet pack, in hindsight it looks a bit too glossy for my liking.
Any painting experts out there recommend a way of taking the sheen off without having to repaint? Is there any product that I could coat it with to remove the sheen, need to make it look matt.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.


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For Rich DeSantis and Jennifer Perry, Keith Colburn's visit to the Towne Drive Kroger in Elizabethtown reminded them of sea salt-soaked docks back home in Connecticut.
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Different teams, different needs
Some quick thoughts on some teams that still have work to do. Warning: The following list is not meant to be all-inclusive. Other clubs also are trying to upgrade.
*Padres. One rival executive says there is no chance that general manager Josh Byrnes completes his off-season with the addition of free-agent right-hander Jason Marquis as his only significant move.
The Padres seem disinclined to make a strong play for any of the free-agent remaining starters, believing that some of their youngsters can be the rough equivalent of veterans such as Joe Saunders, and at a much lower price.
A trade for a pitcher such as the Detroit Tigers' Rick Porcello, Kansas City Royals' Luke Hochevar or Los Angeles Dodgers' Aaron Harang remains possible, though the Padres might be content to wait until spring training to better determine their needs.
The Chase Headley-for-Justin Upton talks failed to progress, according to major-league sources.
*Orioles. They've lost first baseman Mark Reynolds, and to this point all they've done is re-sign outfielder Nate McLouth and trade for two borderline major leaguers, outfielder Trayvon Robinson and infielder Yamaico Navarro.
The Orioles were one of the teams that pursued Upton, showing strong interest a few weeks back. Those talks sputtered, however, and the team currently appears more focused on adding a starting pitcher. Saunders remains a target, according to sources; the Orioles checked in on Porcello, but couldn't find a match.
The addition of a middle-of-the-order hitter also wouldn't hurt. The Orioles recently spoke with free-agent designated hitter Lance Berkman, but were not interested in paying him big dollars, knowing that Berkman has suffered injuries three of the past four seasons.
Something to remember: The O's could pursue Nationals left fielder Michael Morse in a trade if the Nats resign free-agent first baseman Adam LaRoche. Or, the O's could conserve their resources and address their needs later.
*Rockies. Bottom feeding for pitching – right-handers Jeff Karstens, Derek Lowe, Aaron Cook and Jair Jurrjens are among the possibilities, though some of those pitchers interest the club only on minor-league deals.
One intriguing longshot: Rafael Soriano. The Rockies only could sign the free-agent closer if his market crashed and he was willing to accept say, a two-year, $16 million deal. The team would lose a second-round pick for signing Soriano; its first rounder is protected.
*Phillies. Most of the heavy lifting is done, but the Phils continue to look for a right-handed hitting outfielder.
Manager Charlie Manuel likes Darin Ruf, and the team has discussed going with platoons in both left and right, incorporating Dominic Brown, John Mayberry and possibly Laynce Nix.
Ruf is a right-hander hitter, but has only 33 major-league at-bats. The Phillies, sources say, continue to look at all options, including the signing of free agent Scott Hairston and trades for the Chicago Cubs' Alfonso Soriano and Los Angeles Angels' Vernon Wells.
Hairston, however, reportedly wants a two-year contract in the $8 million range, and that price might be too steep for the Phillies' liking.
*Mets. Trivia question: Who are Mike Baxter, Collin Cowgill, Lucas Duda and Kirk Nieuwenhuis? The current outfielders on the Mets' 40-man roster.
Andrew Brown and Brian Bixler, two players on minor-league contracts, also figure into the mix, and the Mets surely will sign another outfielder. Hairston is among the options; he won't find more playing time elsewhere.
The Mets also are looking for a fifth starter, and they're reportedly interested in free-agent right-handers Carl Pavano, Shaun Marcum and Chris Young.


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by Verisign
May 31, 2013
While most enterprise risk managers are accustomed to addressing regulatory
compliance, data integrity and data privacy within an IT risk management
framework, many have not fully accounted for IT availability as it relates to business
continuity. Even risk managers who do consider IT availability may focus only
on operational and environmental threats (e.g., human error, fires and floods)
while overlooking distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, which are one of
the leading causes of IT-related business downtime.
Given the probability and potential impact of DDoS attacks, and compared to the cost of other downtimerelated risk mitigation solutions, DDoS threat mitigation may be one of the easiest and most cost-effective tactics for minimizing financial risk associated with IT-related downtime.


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a place for zinesters - writers and readers
I am a REAL zinester I promise! I published 12 issues of my paper zine. Problem is no one wants to cough up a buck for a zine anymore so I decided to switch to an e-zine. I need subscribers though. It gets sent out twice a month and only has one ad. Please subscribe. It's free! Thanks!
Views: 17


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Take FuelClinic On a Test Drive
Take a live tour of the tools in the FuelClinic. You will be able to login and look around a sample FuelClinic account. You have full user access to the various tools and reports, but will not be able to edit, add, or delete anything.
That's it - once you've seen the inside of FuelClinic and decide that you want to join - create an account here - it's FREE.


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The most important element of Process [#] is the text. The text is Process [#] described in English, written with the intention of translating its content into the dynamic medium of software. The software interpretation is secondary to the text.
The English text leaves many decisions open to be determined by a programmer. The decisions must be made using personal judgment, thus the text is interpreted through the act of translating the Process from
English into a machine language. Process [#] was translated by [NAME] from English into [LANGUAGE]. Future Process works are open to alternate interpretations and implementations into diverse programming languages.
The hardware running this software Process is inconsequential. In time, the hardware will inevitably fail. The current hardware was selected to be as robust as is possible with current technology, but contemporary electronics
are fragile. If an element of the hardware fails, it can be replaced without diminishing the work. Eventually compatible components will no longer be available because computing technologies are continually changing. When this event inevitably occurs, a new hardware system will need to be purchased and the software should be rewritten for the new hardware to take advantage of the technical advancements since [YEAR].


text:
Laws, Regulations & Annotations
Property Taxes Law Guide – Revision 2010
Revenue and Taxation Code
Property Taxation
Part 0.5. Implementation of Article XIII A of the California Constitution
Chapter 6. Allocation of Property Tax Revenue
Article 3. Revenue Allocation Shifts for Education
Section 97.361
97.361. County allocation reductions; supplemental roll. Any reduction amount determined for a county pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 97.36 that is not applied to the benefit of that county in that county's designated fiscal year, as defined in Section 97.36, may not be so applied in a later fiscal year, regardless of any increase in the amount of revenues allocated in that county to qualifying school entities as a result of the county's adoption of the alternate procedure for the distribution of property tax levies authorized by Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 4701) of Part 8.
History.—Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 528 (AB 1782) in effect January 1, 1999.


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4.1k views
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By Danny2002
Question: How can you make 4 triangles with 6 equal sticks?
Answer: Make a triangular pyramid.
6.8k views
8 ratings
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Question: Why is the longest nose 11 inches?
Answer: Because if it's 12 inches it will become a foot.
3.9k views
4 ratings
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Question: It's a question you can ask all day long and get completely different answers although these answers could be correct. What question is it?
Answer: What time is it?
84.3k views
118 ratings
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By JokeLikeMe
Question: There were 2 doors. Behind the 1 door, is hell and behind the other door, is heaven but you don't know which door will take you to heaven. In front of them, there were 2 brothers, which is guarding the door. One of the brother always lie and the other one always tell the truth. Of course you don't know who is lying and who is not. You only get 1 question to ask one of them to figure out which door leads to heaven. What question you might ask? Remember you only get to ask 1 question. it means that you can't ask one question each of them. that will be 2 questions. You only ask 1 question to any of them and no more. How do you do that?
Answer: Go up to one of the guy and ask this question, " Hello, which door that your brother will point if I ask him which way is the heaven." Then take the other door. Don't enter the door that he was pointing. This question will work for both of them because if you ask this question to the truth guy, he will point the hell because he knows that his brother will point hell and if you asked to the liar, he'll still point hell because he knows that his brother will point to heaven door, so he lied. That's why you take the other door.
17.7k views
21 ratings
2 saves
By gling97
Question: It is Halloween and your friends dare you to go into a haunted house. You creep up to the door, a little scared wondering what is behind the door. You go in and there is a long hallway leading out into a dark musty room with three doors. You're kind of scared once you are inside. You try to turn back, to get back outside, but when you turn around the door is closed and locked. You yell for help but there is only silence. The room is dark and you look for a light source. You see a light switch and try to turn it on. Sadly the power is out. You are terrified but have no choice but to follow the long hallway to the three doors in the pitch black. Behind one door is a bottomless pit with no end. Behind another door is an electric chair which you must sit in. Behind the last door is a pool full of acid. You must go in one of the rooms to the danger. Which one should you go through?
Answer: You should definitely go through the electric chair. Since the power is out, when you sit in the electric chair it will have no effect on you.
34.5k views
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By JokeLikeMe
Question: A traveler is walking in the jungle. Then he found 4 paths. In the first one has a really deep mud. When people go there, they never come back. Second path have broken tracks, which is really unsafe for the people who take this path. In the third path, there is lion who didn't eat and drink anything for 3 months, so it might be really hungry by now. Last one have dinosaurs and volcanoes, so it's a very dangerous place. So, which path is the best for the traveler to take.
Answer: The traveler should take the third one because the lion didn't have anything for 3 months right? If it actually didn't, it will be dead now. So, this path is the best to go.


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Categories: Topics
This group was organized at the I.U. Center in Fall of 1953, the purpose of which was to entitle a person on campus or in the community to see six full length famous films of the past about famous people and great literary works. The cost of a season subscription was $1.50. As with many of the cultural events, this one was initiated by Dr. Sylvia E. Bowman.


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June 27, 2012
Remember when you were a kid and summer vacation just flew by? Despite having more free time than you could even dream about now, those lazy days were gone in the blink of an eye. Somehow it's already been over six weeks since the 2011/12 season came to a close and we are already less than three weeks away from Arsenal's first pre-season friendly. At least we already know what we are going to wear on the first day.
Perhaps part of the reason this off season seems to be winding down a bit faster than normal is because so much has been going on. Euro 2012 has taken up much of our attention. Almost immediately after the Premier League wrapped things up, 10 of our players were off to link up with their national teams. The opening round offered a surprising amount of entertainment and whittled the summer down by two weeks. And the quarter-finals and subsequent break lopped off another from the calendar.
It's been a bit of a tough go for Arsenal's representatives in the Euro. Among them, Robin van Persie's Dutch squad - a favorite to win the whole thing - didn't make it out of the group stage. Wojciech Szczesny was sent off in Poland's opening game and he never got a chance to play again. Laurent Koscielny only picked up one cap -- in France's loss to Spain. In fact, Arsenal are now down to just two players in the tournament, Germans Per Mertesacker and our new signing Lukas Podolski.
Still, there were some very good moments. Van Persie scored for the Netherlands against Germany. Theo Walcott came off the bench to lead England to a 3-2 win over Sweden. And Podolski scored in his 100th international appearance for Germany.
Aside from providing some memorable moments, the Euro has had one other big effect on the off-season. It has served as a kind of de facto moratorium on player transfers. And it certainly makes sense why. Tournaments like these serve as a chance for a club to put a prized asset on display for the world to see, and hopefully raise his value. Nicklas Bendtner, for example, certainly raised his profile by scoring some impressive goals for Denmark - and then landing an impressive fine from UEFA for his ... erm ... impressive pants.
But now that the Euro is over for the majority of countries, the transfer market has gotten back on track. And Arsenal jumped in quickly. We signed the leading scorer from Ligue 1, Montpellier's Olivier Giroud. In the usual meet and greet with Arsenal.com, the French international discussed why he feels he'll fit in nicely. He's big, strong and good in the air - all nice attributes to be sure. But you also get the sense of humility and genuine excitement about joining the Club. Noted French football journalist Philippe Auclair gave his two cents to Arsenal.com and it's well worth a read.
And lest we forget our other early pick-up, Podolski is still in Eastern Europe but he's given notice that he is chomping at the bit to play for Arsène Wenger. Our good friend Stateside Gooner Chris Toronyi discussed the early-summer moves, and needless to say he's excited by our new additions. There are obviously still a number of questions that need answering regarding the squad, but there is still plenty of time for that to shake out.
Well... not really plenty I suppose. As I said earlier, our first friendly right around the corner: we take on Anderlecht and Southampton on July 14th. Ten days later, the squad heads to Asia for three games, and then to Africa to take on the Nigerian national team in Abuja on August 5th. There are also a number of other friendlies involving an Arsenal XI mixed in. And a beautiful new pitch is growing in quite nicely at Emirates Stadium.
So rest up kids, school starts soon. And for me, it can't come soon enough.
Come back you Gunners!
- Kevin Mooney
May 16, 2012
You can breathe now.
The 2011/12 Premier League season has come to a conclusion, and considering how Arsenal kicked things off, it really could not have ended much better.
Arsenal finished the opening month of the season reeling from a horrible 8-2 loss at Old Trafford. But some late additions just before the transfer window closed, and some much improved play, our beloved Club started to move up the table. By the end of the year, we made it into the top four. Three months later, we had fought our way into the top three.
As Arsène Wenger said before the season finale, "It has been the strangest season yet because there were changes all over throughout the season. It looked first of all like we were battling relegation and then at the last game of the season we are battling for a Champions League position."
And that last game of the season against West Brom proved to be an ulcer-producing affair. The hard-fought 3-2 win was full of quirky goals, goalkeeper miscues and perhaps a little bit of luck. Arsenal took the early lead via Yossi Benayoun, and then quickly lost it after the Baggies scored twice in the next 10 minutes. But Arsenal would respond before the break courtesy of an Andre Santos drive from the edge of the area.
Knowing that a win - and only a win - would do, Wenger went for more offense to start the second half, bringing on Theo Walcott for Tomas Rosicky. And 10 minutes later, Arsenal re-took the lead when Laurent Koscielny took advantage of a poorly punched ball by Marton Fulop.
But if you thought that goal would provide the momentum we needed to safely put the game away ... the home side had other ideas. West Brom poured on pressure in spurts throughout the second half, and right up to the very end. In fact, the play of the game was arguably in injury-time when a Kieran Gibbs tackle denied what could have been the death-blow for Arsenal's Champions League hopes.
While there is no third-place trophy, the position has immense benefits. Chief among them is a direct line to the Champions League group stages - the 15th consecutive trip for Arsenal. As Wenger pointed out after the match, "To be fourth is playing a qualifier, which every year is more difficult. Therefore just to be in the group stage straight away is fantastic."
So it may have been another trophyless season, but it did provide a rather strange sense of satisfaction. One that Wojciech Szczensy explained perfectly. "I don't think people believed we could finish third," he said. "Although I wouldn't have taken it before the season, given the circumstance and the start of the season I think we will take it and we are very pleased."
And to make it even more pleasing? We finished ahead of our neighbors up the road. Again. Which Robin van Persie made clear was something his teammates were quite aware of. Most importantly, however, it means we do not have to sweat the result of this year's Champions League final. If Chelsea win, Tottenham are out next year. It almost enough to make you want to root for... Nope. Can't do it.
It will be fascinating to see how this season looks after a few years. It was certainly a stressful time to be a supporter, but Wenger sees it differently. "On a daily basis it was a very enjoyable season - even in the dark times," he said. "There is no worse situation as when you feel the players are not focused and not united or on board. But I always felt during the season the group was united and ready to fight."
This season also marked the last hurrah for one longtime Club fixture. Assistant Manager Pat Rice is officially off after 44 years of service to Arsenal. There is simply too much to say about the man to sum up his career in such a small space. So be sure to check out Arsenal.com's collection of interviews, videos and photos. A fitting tribute to an Arsenal legend.
While there are no more game on the schedule, our eyes are still looking ahead. It is sure to be a busy summer of football with a pre-season tour to Asia and Africa plus both the Euro 2012 and London Summer Olympics on tap. Many countries have already released their preliminary squads for the Euro, and Arsenal will have plenty of representation in the tournament.
One of those will be new signing Lukas Podolski. The German international can't wait to get started and discussed some of his reasons for joining Arsenal. He also posed for some photos in the brand new home kit that he will be sporting next season.
But will he be joined by any other new additions? The rumor mills have already been spinning at top speed, but as ever, Wenger remains coy. "I believe we have quite a big squad. It will be [our intention] to trim a little bit and if possible add one or two players." So there's your answer. Now we just need to wait and see if the question is will we sign players sooner or later?
Only time will tell. In the meantime, sit back and revel in this most remarkable of seasons. But don't go too far. Before you know it, pre-season will be upon us.
Good job you Gunners.
- Kevin Mooney
May 9, 2012
I've lost count of the number of times I have opened this blog by saying something along the lines of 'football is a funny old game.' But if there was ever a weekend that backed that claim up it was this past one. Going into our final home game of the season, all we needed to do was beat a couple of mid-table teams and third place in the Premier League - and all it brings you - was ours. We wouldn't have to fret about our closest competitors fare, we would just need to worry about ourselves.
When Yossi Benayoun scored a birthday goal in the second minute, it looked like the perfect situation. We would win big, extend our lead over Spurs, Newcastle and Chelsea and everyone would have a pleasant, relaxed weekend.
But 25 minutes later that outlook completely changed. Two somewhat fluky goals by Norwich put all of our hopes for an easy summer in jeopardy. To make matters worse, Bacary Sagna was stretchered off after half an hour. We came agonizingly close to equalizing a couple of times, but we entered the break down by a goal.
In the second half, we could not be accused of failing to go for the win. Robin van Persie finally netted the equalizer in the 72nd minute. The Dutchman followed that up eight minutes later with his 30th league goal of the season to put Arsenal ahead.
Joy! Rapture! Pain.
Within five minutes, Norwich equalized. We ended the day with a single point, our fate was out of our hands, and every Arsenal supporter around the world had a less enjoyable Saturday.
And Arsène Wenger was not happy about that. Not one bit. Immediately after the game, he didn't mince words. "We were absolutely poor defensively today." And in his post match press conference, he said, "The quality of our first half was absolutely not at the level we wanted in a decisive game like that."
He also lamented his team's missed goalscoring opportunities saying "When you look at the chances we created, it is absolutely unbelievable that we scored only three goals." When asked about his feelings on Arsenal's chances to finish third he responded, "I have no gut feeling about it, I am just gutted today."
But then ... Sunday. Newcastle lost. Villa held Spurs to a draw. And we were right back where we started.
The rest of the week had a decidedly Teutonic vibe about it. First off, we heard a lot more about Lukas Podolski. Wenger feels that the Cologne striker will help ease the scoring burden on van Persie - who put his stamp of approval on the signing. They both praised Podolski's versatility, with Wenger saying that quality made him "an obvious choice" and great fit for Arsenal. In fact, Wenger suggested that German players in general can be a good fit in England.
Poldi's Germany teammate Per Mertesacker is understandably excited by the signing as well. He praised Podolski's confidence and physical strength, and echoing Wenger's sentiments about goal scoring said, "when we needed a goal he was always there." But perhaps more interesting was Mertesacker's insight on the little things. He cited Arsenal's closed training sessions which allow players to concentrate on their game more than in the media-frenzy that is German football.
Continuing with Mertesacker, the giant defender looks to be almost back to full fitness after going down to an ankle injury way back in February. He still isn't entirely sure how he sustained the injury, but the important is that he's back doing some ball work and is health enough to have already been named in Germany's preliminary squad for Euro 2012.
Other countries have started to release their squad's as well, but one name you definitely won't see anywhere is Sagna. The injury he picked up against Norwich turned out to be a fractured fibula. He'll miss all of the Euros, but hopefully will be fully recovered in time for the pre-season.
With the close season approaching, there was plenty of off the pitch news as well. Arsenal introduced the new home kit for the 2012/13 season. The design's origin stem from the one and only Herbert Chapman. It is currently available on pre-order and will be in stores on June 7th.
The Club also announced the second leg of the pre-season tour. Following games in Kuala Lampur, Beijing and Hong King, Arsenal will play a pre-season game in the Nigerian capital of Abuja on August 5th.
Back in Britain, the big news was that West Brom's Roy Hodgson was named England manager. The interesting quirk is that the Baggies are our final opponent for the season. The question is, will his final game with WBA have any impact on the game? Wenger doesn't think so. And hopefully that's the case.
Hodgson has done a great job with West Brom, who currently sit 10th in the League. Their recent run of form is quite good - 3-1-2 since the start of April - and they will be looking to finish the season in the top half of the table.
For weeks - months even - we have all known that Arsenal's next game is the biggest of the season. But this time there is no doubt and no argument. A win and we finish third, guarantee ourselves Champions League football, and can both congratulate ourselves on a remarkable turnaround and breathe a huge sigh of relief that we made it through the most challenging season in years. Anything else and we could be staring at a very complicated summer.
We've had several opportunities to seal the deal in recent weeks and have fallen just short. But there is no point in looking back at the regrets and missed opportunities of this memorable season. Now is the time to have faith in our Club. Now is the time focus in one direction. And as it turns out, Arsenal's 125th anniversary crest points the way in a single word: Forward.
Come on you Gunners!
- Kevin Mooney
May 2, 2012
And now things get REALLY interesting.
Although we didn't exactly get the result we were hoping for at Stoke, the point we picked up in the 1-1 draw on Saturday was immensely important. A quick look at the League table and fixture list tells us that point could be the difference between third and fifth going into next weekend. Yes, a three-point buffer would be preferable, but the alternative is none too pleasing.
Going into the game at Stoke, above all else, we knew that it was going to be a tricky game. Arsène Wenger said, "We know what is at stake and we know that Stoke is always a difficult opponent for us." Carl Jenkinson added, "I think it is fair to say that most teams struggle with the physical side that Stoke have."
And Arsenal are no exception. Despite dominating the game from the outset, Stoke took an early lead off a Peter Crouch header that came practically out of nowhere. But within six minutes the game was level courtesy of Robin van Persie's 28th league goal of the season. We continued to create numerous chances throughout the first half and deep into the second. Yossi Benayoun looked to draw a pretty clear penalty in the 74th minute, but the referee thought otherwise.
Although his team missed out on an opportunity to firm their grip on third place, Wenger was understandably happy to secure the point. However, he was quick to say that Arsenal received a good bit of help that day. "The good result we got was that Newcastle dropped points today," he said in his post-match press conference. "But for us it is important to win our next two games."
And if we're going to do that, Wenger thinks that the man who got us to this point will also have to be the one to "push us over the line." Of course, he's referring to Van Persie. The manager has nothing but praise for his captain, and has no doubts that earning the captaincy played a big role in his incredible season. "He took his role seriously on and off the pitch and I think it added something to his determination as well. That is why maybe his commitment was even stronger - because he feels more responsibility. He grew into this role."
Six points will guarantee third place. It's as simple as that. As for the rest of the League, nothing is simple. The Manchester twins are even on points at the top of the table and six teams are in the relegation zone, or dangerously close to it. Not only that, but the remaining cup competitions will have big ramifications on the Premier League's representatives in Europe.
Virtually every year, try as we might, when we hit the final few games, our eyes begin to wander and we steal glances at next season. Our imaginations begin to wander as we think about summer transfers and all the ridiculous rumor and innuendo that comes with it. But this year, we actually have an excuse for that. Arsenal announced on Monday morning that we have reached a deal to sign FC Cologne striker Lukas Podolski. The Germany international has had a fantastic season in the Bundesliga, scoring 18 goals in 30 appearances, and his international record is well-known. As former Gunner Tony Woodcock says, "he ticks all the boxes - right age, right price, great experience."
And as the Boss said, "he will provide us with good attacking options." It's just a great move, and it will be interesting to see what it means for some current Gunners. Especially those who are out on loan. Wenger says that he plans to discuss the future with players like Denilson, Nicklas Bendtner and Carlos Vela, but brings up the point that Premier League squad restrictions could force his hand as much as anything else.
Drawing out eyes a bit closer in, we can look ahead to our final home game of the season, a lunchtime kickoff against Norwich on Saturday. The Canaries have had a very decent first season back in the top-flight, and we only managed a 2-1 win at Carrow Road back in November. But they have struggled offensively in their last few games, failing to score against Liverpool and Blackburn, and losing 6-1 to Man City at home. Regardless, this is an absolute must-win for Arsenal. And not just so the' Lap of Appreciation' is an upbeat affair.
Come on you Gunners!
- Kevin Mooney
Previous entries:
» April 2012
» March 2012
» February 2012
» January 2012
» December 2011
» November 2011
» October 2011
» September 2011
» August 2011
» July 2011
» May 2011
» April 2011
» March 2011
» February 2011
» January 2011
» December 2010
» November 2010
» October 2010
» September 2010
» August 2010
» July 2010
» June 2010
» May 2010
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» March 2010
» February 2010
» January 2010
» December 2009
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Health Information
IodineSkip to the navigation
Iodine is a trace mineral needed to make thyroid hormones, which are necessary for maintaining normal metabolism in all cells of the body.
Our proprietary "Star-Rating" system was developed to help you easily understand the amount of scientific support behind each supplement in relation to a specific health condition. While there is no way to predict whether a vitamin, mineral, or herb will successfully treat or prevent associated health conditions, our unique ratings tell you how well these supplements are understood by the medical community, and whether studies have found them to be effective for other people.
For over a decade, our team has combed through thousands of research articles published in reputable journals. To help you make educated decisions, and to better understand controversial or confusing supplements, our medical experts have digested the science into these three easy-to-follow ratings. We hope this provides you with a helpful resource to make informed decisions towards your health and well-being.
3 Stars Reliable and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit.
2 Stars Contradictory, insufficient, or preliminary studies suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit.
1 Star For an herb, supported by traditional use but minimal or no scientific evidence. For a supplement, little scientific support.
This supplement has been used in connection with the following health conditions:
|Used for
3 Stars
Use a mouthrinse or toothpaste containing zinc regularly
Iodine supplementation can be an effective treatment of iodine deficiency hypothyroidism and may halt goiter growth and, in early stages, shrink goiters.
Iodine supplementation can be an effective treatment of iodine deficiency hypothyroidism and can halt the growth of goiter if the cause is not complicated by malnutrition or environmental and dietary goitrogens.2 , 3 Iodine supplements will help to shrink goiters during early stages, but they have no effect in later stages.4 Ingestion of 2,000 to 6,000 mcg of iodine daily over long periods of time can be toxic to the thyroid and can be a cause of goiter.5 , 6
3 Stars
Pregnancy and Postpartum Support
Refer to label instructions
Iodine is an essential nutrient for the development of the fetal thyroid gland which, in turn, is important for brain development.
Iodine is an essential nutrient for the development of the fetal thyroid gland which, in turn, is important for brain development. Even mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy may have an adverse effect on cognitive function of the child.7 In a preliminary study of women in Italy, iodine deficiency severe enough to cause hypothyroidism during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in their children.8 However, excessive iodine intake can also adversely affect the thyroid gland. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should ask their healthcare professional whether they should take a prenatal supplement that contains iodine.
2 Stars
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner
In one study, iodine deficiency during pregnancy was associated with the babies being born with increased ADHD risk. If you are pregnant or trying to get pregnant, discuss whether you might need iodine supplements with your doctor.
In a preliminary study of women in Italy, iodine deficiency severe enough to cause hypothyroidism during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of ADHD in their children.9 Women who are contemplating pregnancy or who are pregnant should get adequate amounts of iodine in their diet and should discuss with their healthcare provider whether iodine supplementation is appropriate.
2 Stars
Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner
Iodine deficiency and excessive iodine intake can both lead to hypothyroidism, so ask your doctor if supplementing with iodine is right for you.
The relationship between iodine and thyroid function is complex. Iodine is required by the body to form thyroid hormone, and iodine deficiency can lead to goiter and hypothyroidism.10 Severe and prolonged iodine deficiency can potentially lead to serious types of hypothyroidism, such as myxedema or cretinism. It is estimated that one and a half billion people living in 118 countries around the world are at risk for developing iodine deficiency.11
Today, most cases of iodine deficiency occur in developing nations. In industrialized countries where iodized salt is used, iodine deficiency has become extremely rare. On the other hand, iodine toxicity has become a concern in some of these countries.12 Excessive iodine intake can result in either hypothyroidism13 or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid).14 Sources of iodine include foods (iodized salt, milk, water, seaweed, ground beef), dietary supplements ( multiple vitamin-mineral formulas, seaweed extracts), drugs (potassium iodide, amiodarone , topical antiseptics), and iodine-containing solutions used in certain laboratory tests. Many nutritional supplements contain 150 mcg of iodine. While that amount of iodine should prevent a deficiency, it is not clear whether supplementing with iodine is necessary or desirable for most people. Those wishing to take a nutritional supplement containing iodine should consult a doctor.
2 Stars
Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner
In one study, iodine deficiency during pregnancy was associated with the babies being born with increased ADHD risk. If you are pregnant or trying to get pregnant, discuss whether you might need iodine supplements with your doctor.
In a preliminary study of women in Italy, iodine deficiency severe enough to cause hypothyroidism during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of ADHD in their children.15 Women who are contemplating pregnancy or who are pregnant should get adequate amounts of iodine in their diet and should discuss with their healthcare provider whether iodine supplementation is appropriate.
1 Star
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
Refer to label instructions
Iodine appears to be helpful in treating FBD, it should be taken only under the guidance of a healthcare practitioner.
Some doctors use iodine to treat FBD symptoms. In animals, iodine deficiency can cause the equivalent of FBD.16 What appears to be the most effective form-diatomic iodine17-is not readily available, however. Some people are sensitive to iodine and high amounts can interfere with thyroid function. Therefore, supplemental iodine should only be taken with the guidance of a healthcare practitioner.
How It Works
How to Use It
Since the introduction of iodized salt, iodine supplements are unnecessary and not recommended for most people. For strict vegetarians who avoid salt and sea vegetables, 150 mcg per day is commonly supplemented. This amount is adequate to prevent a deficiency and higher amounts are not necessary.
Where to Find It
Seafood, iodized salt, and sea vegetables-for example, kelp -are high in iodine. Processed food may contain added iodized salt. Iodine is frequently found in dairy products. Vegetables grown in iodine-rich soil also contain this mineral.
Possible Deficiencies
People who avoid dairy, seafood, processed food, and iodized salt can become deficient. Iodine deficiency can cause low thyroid function , goiter , and cretinism. Although iodine deficiencies are now uncommon in Western societies, the U.S. population has shown a trend of significantly decreasing iodine intake from 1988-1994.18 If this trend continues, iodine deficiency diseases may become more common.
Severe iodine deficiency during critical periods of brain development can lead to physical abnormalities and profound mental impairment. Little is known about the effects of mild iodine deficiency on neurological development and cognitive function. Iodine deficiency has become more common in New Zealand because if the lower concentration of iodine in milk resulting from the discontinuation of the use of iodine-containing sanitizers in the dairy industry and because of the declining use of iodized salt along with increasing consumption of processed foods made with non-iodized salt. 184 children (aged 10 to 13 years) in Dunedin, New Zealand, were randomly assigned to receive, in double-blind fashion, 150 mcg/day of iodine or placebo for 28 weeks. At baseline, children were mildly iodine-deficient (median urinary iodine concentration, 63 mcg/L; thyroglobulin concentration, 16.4 mcg/L). After 28 weeks, iodine status improved in the supplemented group (urinary iodine concentration, 145 mcg/L; thyroglobulin, 8.5 mcg/L), whereas the placebo group remained iodine-deficient. Iodine supplementation significantly improved scores on 2 of 4 tests of cognitive function assessed. The overall cognitive score was significantly greater in the iodine group than in the placebo group (p = 0.011). Iodine supplementation had no significant effect on the serum total T4 level. It is concluded that iodine supplementation improved cognitive function in mildly iodine-deficient children, and that mild iodine deficiency could prevent children from attaining their full intellectual potential.
Interactions with Supplements, Foods, & Other Compounds
Children with iodine deficiency may also have iron-deficiency anaemia , and this anaemia may interfere with the therapeutic action of iodine supplementation.19 Correcting iron deficiency in such children with iron supplements has been shown to improve the efficacy of oral iodine in treating goitre.20
Interactions with Medicines
Side Effects
Side Effects
High amounts (several milligrams per day) of iodine can interfere with normal thyroid function and should not be taken without consulting a doctor.21 Although potassium iodide supplementation (prescribed for some skin disorders) is usually well-tolerated, it has been known to produce adverse reactions such as rashes, itching or lesions on the skin, gastro-intestinal symptoms, or hypothyroidism , especially in people with a prior history of thyroid problems.22 Because of such potential problems, the use of potassium iodide therapy should be supervised by a doctor. The average diet provides about four times the recommended amount of iodine. For susceptible people, that amount of iodine may be enough to cause health problems.23 A possible link to thyroid cancer has been observed in areas where an iodine-rich diet is consumed,24 , 25 and among populations that supplement with iodine.26 , 27 However, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that iodine supplementation is responsible for the increased incidence of thyroid cancer. Some people react to supplemental iodine, the first symptom of which is usually an acne-like rash.
When people with small, nontoxic goitre (living in areas not deficient in iodine) received iodine injections, they had a higher incidence of abnormal antibodies suggestive of the early stages of autoimmune thyroid disease.28
Related Information
1. Santiago-Fernandez P, Torres-Barahona R, Muela-Martinez JA, et al. Intelligence quotient and iodine intake: a cross-sectional study in children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:3851-7.
2. Koutras DA. Iodine metabolism in endemic goitre. Ann Clin Res 1972;4:55-63 [review].
3. Lee K, Bradley R, Dwyer J, Lee S. Too much versus too little: The implications of current iodine intake in the United States. Nutr Rev 1999;57:177-81 [review].
4. Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL. Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 4th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1989, 1227-8.
5. Gaitan E. Goitrogens in food and water. Annu Rev Nutr 1990;10:21-39 [review].
6. Wilson JD, Foster DW, Kronenberg HM, Larsen PR. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 9th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1998, 469.
7. Bath SC, Steer CD, Golding J, et al. Effect of inadequate iodine status in UK pregnant women on cognitive outcomes in their children: results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Lancet. 2013;382:331-7.
8. Vermiglio F, Lo Presti VP, Moleti M, et al. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in the offspring of mothers exposed to mild-moderate iodine deficiency: a possible novel iodine deficiency disorder in developed countries. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:6054-60.
9. Vermiglio F, Lo Presti VP, Moleti M, et al. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in the offspring of mothers exposed to mild-moderate iodine deficiency: a possible novel iodine deficiency disorder in developed countries. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:6054-60.
10. Thilly CH, Swennen B, Bourdoux P, et al. The epidemiology of iodine-deficiency disorders in relation to goitrogenic factors and thyroid-stimulating-hormone regulation. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;57(2 Suppl):267S-70S.
11. Delange F. Risks and benefits of iodine supplementation. Lancet 1998;351:923-4.
12. Contempre B, Dumont JE, Ngo B, et al. Effect of selenium supplementation in hypothyroid subjects of an iodine and selenium deficient area: the possible danger of indiscriminate supplementation of iodine-deficient subjects with selenium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;73:213-5.
13. Chow CC, Phillips DIW, Lazarus JH, Parkes AB. Effect of low dose iodide supplementation on thyroid function in potentially susceptible subjects: are dietary iodide levels in Britain acceptable? Clin Endocrinol 1991;34:413-6.
14. Stewart JC, Vidor GI. Thyrotoxicosis induced by iodine contamination of food: a common unrecognized condition? Br Med J 1976;1:372-5.
15. Vermiglio F, Lo Presti VP, Moleti M, et al. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in the offspring of mothers exposed to mild-moderate iodine deficiency: a possible novel iodine deficiency disorder in developed countries. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:6054-60.
16. Krouse TB, Eskin BA, Mobini J. Age-related changes resembling fibrocystic disease in iodine-blocked rat breasts. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1979;103:631-4.
17. Ghent WR, Eskin BA, Low DA, Hill L. Iodine replacement in fibrocystic disease of the breast. Can J Surg 1993;36:453-60.
18. Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Hannon WH, et al. Iodine nutrition in the United States. Trends and public health implications: iodine excretion data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I and III (1971-1974 and 1988-1994). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:3401-8.
19. Zimmermann M, Adou P, Torresani T, et al. Persistence of goiter despite oral iodine supplementation in goitrous children with iron deficiency anemia in Cote d'Ivoire. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:88-93.
20. Zimmermann M, Adou P, Torresani T, et al. Iron supplementation in goitrous, iron-deficient children improves their response to oral iodized oil. Eur J Endocrinol 2000;142:217-23.
21. Mu L, Derun L, Chengyi Q, et al. Endemic goiter in central China caused by excessive iodine intake. Lancet 1987;2:257-9.
22. Heymann WR. Potassium iodide and the Wolff-Chaikoff effect: Relevance for the dermatologist. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000 Mar;42:490-2.
23. Pennington JA. A review of iodine toxicity reports. J Am Diet Assoc 1990;90:1571-81.
24. Williams ED, Doniach I, Bjarnason O, et al. Thyroid cancer in an iodide rich area. Cancer 1977;39:215-22.
25. Kim JY, Kim KR. Dietary iodine intake and urinary iodine excretion in patients with thyroid diseases. Yonsei Med J. 2000;41:22-8.
26. Harach HR, Williams ED. Thyroid cancer and thyroiditis in the goitrous region of Salta, Argentina, before and after iodine prophylaxis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995;43:701-6.
27. Harach HR, Escalante DA, Onativia A, et al. Thyroid carcinoma and thyroiditis in an endemic goitre region before and after iodine prophylaxis. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1985;108:55-60.
28. Papanastasiou L, Alevizaki M, Piperingos G, et al. The effect of iodine administration on the development of thyroid autoimmunity in patients with nontoxic goiter. Thyroid 2000;10:493-7.
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