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|Topic Review (Newest First)
To respond to David Dennis, on a pound for pound basis, nothing (except the high tech composites like kevlar and Carbon) are stronger then wood. If you were building a purpose built, one off, small cruiser, colded molded wood construction with a protective barrier of epoxy/kevlar laminate would be a tough, low maintenance and inexpensive way to go.
On the other hand, with regards to Johno's point of three years ago, while wood itself is buoyant, by the time that you add a ballast keel (even without the weight of an engine) to a wooden sailboat, a wooden boat would not float without additional buoynacy chambers. A good design might include some buoyancy chambers, and they would buy you some time to self rescue.
But even with fiberglass construction, there are few production boats that are optimized for offshore use, and many of those rely on out dated construction modes that result in unecessarily heavy hull weights, compromising the ability to carry ballast, which in turn compromises stability, which in turn compromises the ability to carry sail, which in turn compromises the overall sailing ability of the boat other than for offshore distance cruising.
This topic of an appropropriate Fiberglass structure and construction details for offshore work came up in an earlier discussion with Stede and here is the response that I had written on that topic....
No matter what you do you just about can't put enough conventional fiberglass in the hull of a boat to prevent it from being pierced in a collision with a floating container or other heavy, solid, small contact area object. For that matter, if you are going to end up with a reasonable weight boat, you typically don't end up with enough steel either. For a serious 'go anywhere cruiser', the key to building a safe go anywhere structure consists of a variety of factors. Small panel areas, by that I mean that the boat should have a series of longitudinal frames and athwartship frames. Forward of the main bulkhead these should be quite closely spaced. [I will use my boat as an example (which was after all built for offshore work despite her light weight) the biggest unsupported hull sections below the waterline forward of the main bulkhead are about 4" by about 16" in area.] There should a 'crush block' at the stem at the waterline. [On my boat the crush block extends 6" above the waterline and extends back 16" to the first transverse frame.]
The area forward of the main bulkhead should be compartmentalized with watertight bulkheads that extend vertically above the waterline that would result if the boat had at least two of the compartments flooded. [On my boat these bulkheads appear to extend over a foot above the flooded waterline.] Ideally the tops of the longitudinal frames and the athwartship frames are on the same plane so that you can screw plywood into the tops of the frames to slow or stop the flooding. Ideally one of these bulkheads are on the centerline of the boat because should the boat ride up on something the sharp ridge at the centerline of the vee'd sections at the forward end of an offshore boat would really have to stand up to a lot of abuse. That whole bulkhead system should be heavily glassed into place. [That pretty much describes the construction of my boat.)
In the area of the keel there should be massive and closely athwartship 'floor frames' (this applies on fin keel or full keel, encapsulated or bolted on). [On my boat the 'floor frames' are over 8" deep and 4" wide and taper out to 4" deep above the waterline terminating at the waterline longitudinal except on the areas near the two main bulkheads where they extend to the rail.] On a boat with an encapsulated keel, the membrane across the top of the ballast needs to be as heavy as it would be on a boat with a bolt-on keel.
There should be no liners blocking access to the skin of the boat (at least forward of the main bulkhead and on the leading edges of the keel) up to the height of the flooded waterline mentioned above. All decks and flats in this area should be quickly removable so that access to make repairs can occur. [Here my boat gets a 'B' I can get to everything under the berths and forepeak quite quickly but the deck of the forward cabin is not removable. That is something I plan to change if I ever take the old girl offshore.]
Seacocks should not rely on backing blocks. Instead the hull should be built up to a thickness that locally reinforces the area under the seacock and distributes this localized stiffness out into the hull.
Once you have done all of that, coring or non-coring becomes less important. But coring above the waterline tends to produce a better offshore hull. For example, to quote from the Shannon website," The most important feature of
In a composite boat, I believe that a couple layers of Kevlar, ideally in a vinylester or epoxy resin, and located in the outer plies, is critical to approaching the kind of abrasion resistance exemplified by steel but at a tiny fraction of the weight.
Then there is the main bulkhead. I don't care how a boat is constructed, at the mast and shroud area there needs to be either a massive ring frame or bulkhead to address the kind of loads that come from the rigging and keel loads. Without some kind of athwardships rigidity the boat will flex in a way that will ultimately weaken it through fatigue.
Similarly, there is the rudder area. Again, I don't care what kind of rudder you have, the area around the rudder post should have sturdy knees or bulkheads extending transversely and fore and aft. In my opinion, the rudder tube should extend well above the waterline and should have support at or near the deck level. In my opinion the rudder tube (and perhaps the shaft log), should be in their own watertight compartments or at least a compartment that is tight against the hull but extends above a partially flooded waterline. (This may require two shaft seals for the prop shaft or a flooded engine compartment neither of which is too easy to achieve.)
There should be substantial knees or bulkheads at shrouds attachment points and these should be tied into substantial longitudinal framing.
Respectfully submitted,
|Well, Johhno hasn't posted in 3 1/2 years. Maybe his boat sank?
|St Anna
Originally Posted by DavidHDennis View Post
Johnno, you raise an interesting point in favor of wooden boats that I had not seen before. But aren't wood boats more fragile and thus more likely to break up in rough seas?
I would think a broken up boat would not be safe even if individual planks floated.
No offense intended to you and your views, it just seems curious.
A well found yacht is well found!!
Johnno, you raise an interesting point in favor of wooden boats that I had not seen before. But aren't wood boats more fragile and thus more likely to break up in rough seas?
I would think a broken up boat would not be safe even if individual planks floated.
No offense intended to you and your views, it just seems curious.
Second Thoughts on the Ideal Cruising Boat
Hi Stede,
What you put on this board is quite interesting and judging by the responses it has raised quite a bit of comment too.
Hmmmmm.....so what is the ideal cruising yacht? After reading all that and considering my years of sailing in a variety of boats mainly coastal but with the odd passage thrown in, I am not sure that I would necessarily agree with the observations quoted.
For what it is worth I want to throw in some food for thought too. Understand that my sailing is primarily in Australia so that has quite a bearing on what I have to say.
The one thing that I have noticed over the years is how the size of boats has increased dramatically. It is like our homes and our cars - everything seems to be getting bigger and so are our expectations. Call it what you like - I see it as the "peter principle" - and charateristic of the rest of our lifestyle that is based on want rather than need. Most of which is artificially created in any event.
I noticed from the posts that not too many people are enamoured of the "Pardy Principle" of minimalist sailing but the truth is if you are a real cruiser and not just a wannabe or a part timer it is apparent that minimalist sailing is really what it is all about. The more stuff you surround yourself with for whatever reason the more complicated life becomes and the corollary of that is that you become more dependant on others too. The very thing you don''t want.
Having the biggest boat with all the best gear can in fact be a hindrance. That''s why most of us drive modest cars and not Ferraris even if we can afford them.
Some of the posts on this site have rightfully acknowledged that bigger and more complicated boats are harder to manouver, restricted to deeper water and certainly more expensive not only to purchase but also to maintain. We all know those things.
There is therefore good reason for a real cruising sailor to have a modest and simple boat. And yes if you are ever at an anchorage you can be sure that the fellow in the little boat is having just as much fun as the fellow in the fifty footer - possibly even more - because the truth is he doesn''t have half the worries that the skipper of the larger boat has.
There is a lot of stuff being peddled on the Net which unfortunately is influencing people to buy bigger and more complicated boats and equipment. Not the least the fact that if you want to have a female partner on board you have plenty of room and all the necessary "mod cons". I can think of a number of analogies but I won''t go there. Hi girls!
I guess I am of the old school and more interested in sailing for its own sake. A good comparison is the difference between those who camp (in tents) as opposed to those who take everything including the kitchen sink in a camper or caravan. It''s a personal thing. Maybe Australians are just content to keep it simpler too.
There are plenty of sites on the Net which extol the virtues of smaller boats so I can avoid going over all that here. Also how important it is to buy the boat that best suits the sailing that you intend to do. The bottom line is that most sailing is coastal and that boats sit in port for significantly more time than they are sailed. On that analysis you really don''t need a fifty footer. Yes the boat should be comfortable but you can get that in a properly designed 25 footer when you realise that in a cruising yacht the most serious sailing is only with a couple of people. A cruising yacht is not a floating dormitory or an entertainers showpiece. It is another case of where size does not always count.
Think about this - if you want to design a yacht that only has a couple of berths and a decent galley then with the added room in the cockpit there is no way that the boat has to be any where near what was proposed by the people you quoted.
Then comes the real issue - seaworthiness. We have all heard the stories of people who have sailed enormous distances in smaller vessels and the reason they succeeded in most cases is that they made sure that their boats were just that - seaworthy. Clearly we cannot account for the idiot factor - those people will always be there - but we can if we are smart make sure that whatever the size of our boat it is as safe as we can make it for the sailing that we intend.
Interestingly enough I am aware of only one manufacturer, namely Etap, which manufactures an "unsinkable" boat. While there is an agent for them in this country they are not sold in big numbers and I note that is the same in the USA. On their own admission Etap concede that it costs about a third more to build their boats that way and sadly it has not really been much of a selling point if the lack of interest from other manufacturers is anything to go by. Maybe the auto makers have known the answer for years - safety does not sell. Although interestingly enough when I spoke to one eminent yacht designer in the USA recently he did concede that there is much more interest in things like bouyancy today than ever before.
The truth is though that in cruising yachts safety should sell and to get back to small craft it is far easier to make a small boat unsinkable than a larger one unless you adopt the Etap manufacturing technique or have sealing bulkheads.
Again there is not much on the Net about that and what is there is misleading. It is not just simply a matter of determining a boat''s displacement and then adding the equivalent amount of bouyancy (assuming you have enough room) as some people (who should know better) have suggested. It all has to do with the density of the material that the boat is built of and the weight of the stuff (like the motor and other gear) in and on the boat. It is simpe enough to calculate too.
Those people (primitive or otherwise) who have sailed epic voyages in wooden boats have proved the principle that if you have a boat that will float even when flooded regardless of its weight you are far safer than in a modern steel or fibreglass boat that will sink in the same circumstances.
Fibreglass, aluminium and steel are all heavier than water as we know. While fibreglass may be less than twice the specific gravity of water, aluminium is about three times and steel is about seven times. Without some consideration to bouancy all those boats will sink like stones. Not a nice thought when you are a long way from port.
So apart from manufacturers like Etap there is still even a place for wooden boats despite what some "modern" cruising sailors would have us believe. And when you take into account all the advantages of a small boats even a small wooden boat is not such a bad option. So much for all the "tupperware" boats that we see these days.
Another thing that most people seem to get wrong is their ability to stem the flow of water in the event of a flooding. Few pumps manual or otherwise can do that even with a relatively small hole at least not over an extended period of time. It is often a case of knowing whether to pump or jump and even if you decide to pump just when to jump. It is far better to know that your craft won''t sink and that you will have time to find and fix the problem. Having or adding the necessary bouancy to your boat will give you just that. It is easier to do that on a smaller boat too.
The truth is you are safer staying in the boat not only because of the obvious possibility of being shark bait but also because all your water, food and equipment is there so there is a real chance that you will endure the ordeal and also be seen and get home after fixing the problem.
So my thought is that more modest and simpler boats are still the go for long term cruisers. Since serious cruisers only make up a small proportion of sailors the rest are likely to continue to buy boats and gear more for reasons associated with their ego than the reality of cruising. That''s all good for boat builders and chandlers and if that is what the majority of sailors want then that is fine. To suggest that we need all those things as opposed to just wanting them is another thing. That is so whether you base that on surveys or otherwise. And that is my point.
My advice is if you really want to keep the dream alive "go small, go now" as is often said and give some thought to seaworthiness which covers a lot more territory than the issues that I have raised.
I personally believe (if you are so minded) you''ll have more fun whether you cruise occasionally or long term - coastal or otherwise in a smaller boat. You will also learn a lot on the way. That''s what cruising is really all about.
Me - I am back to a small wooden boat. It does everything I want and gives me more flexibility than a larger boat. With the added advantage of the bouyancy that I have installed I know that I can weather most of what the briney can throw at me. Being wood the boat is easily fixed too. It requires more maintenance than a glass boat but the end result is better. Consider how hard it is to match a patch on a moulded glass boat.
All things that make for better and certainly cheaper cruising. Notice I said cruising and not posing or racing.
Like I said it is a personal thing but I certainly would not be putting too much credence in the small survey that you quoted.
Second Thoughts on the Ideal Cruising Boat
It would be safe to say that if you own it and you can cruise it your boat is the best and even if it has short comeings it will still be the best because you will tell yourself it is. You will wish for many other boats a Swan or Hinkley whatever but your old Pearson Catalina or what have you will be the best when you drop the hook in a crystal clear ancorage and after a cold beer and lunch after you have snorkeled around the boat and looked at the bottom from a fish eye view you will say she is the best.Love your boat no matter if she is a bit rough and has some bad habbits so do people yet somehow we manage to love some of them.
Second Thoughts on the Ideal Cruising Boat
It''s actually funny you listen to insurance adjusters and their surveyors. Maybe you don''t have the experience dealing with them as we Floridians do...hurricanes and such here make it that way. As with all data, it has to be put into perspective. Insurance companies want to repair newer core boats instead of paying out a total. It''s cheaper for them than replacement of newer boats due to high values. It''s near impossible (or cost effective) to get wet core 100% evacuated or removed for major repair and the problem will/can/may return yrs later. The insurance agents aren''t concerned and aren''t going to authorize repair items that "may" be impacted years later.
Older single skin boats carry way lower values than modern boats and repair cost easily exceed insured value. Insurance companies total instead of repair. "Damage" in this respect reflects little on which survives castrophic situations better. It reflects on which is cheaper to pay out.
The above is why I think insurance studies are biased and may embrace distorting of the facts. Please post your source of reference for the "insurance institute study of older boats" so others can read and make their own judgement on it. However, what you say is somewhat true but not so practical in terms of boat survival and rebuilding costs.
Core boat interiors stayed intact while the hull and decks absorbed the damage. The only problem is the exterior skins were easily surface punchured, crushed or sanded away from rubbing on pilings...and cores were so damaged in large sections it didn''t matter how well the internals did. Virtually all the cores I saw were composite. Damage didn''t stay local with cores. Where core skins were intact there was delamination and massive compression of the core. Sure, they survived the deflection test but the hulls/decks were ruined.
Single skin boats were the opposite. Hulls flexed, portlights popped out and the internals were damaged...if rubbed through or punchured by a piling the damage was generally local and easy to repair. Some hulls defected inward between structure and didn''t do any immediate or visible damage. I looked at a dozen or more standard production sailboats blown up on a sandy beach...cores penetrated and damaged while single skins beat up and still floatable.
Another common denominator seen with multiple boats...fin keels that just fell off their stands on the ground had bent keels at the hull joint and/or bent rudders/skegs. A much bigger problem than I thought would be with fins. Full keels/rudders didn''t suffer major. No contest which takes hard grounding better.
It''s very easy to visit the yards and see how both types of construction were impacted under identical circumstances. Side by side...it takes theory and speculation out of the equation.
Have a nice day.
Second Thoughts on the Ideal Cruising Boat
Its funny I had a chance to talk to an insurance adjuster/surveyor today who said he was buried dealing with the damage from the huricanes. It was his opinion that the newer boats really seemed to have come through better than many of the older boats citing internal framing as being a major factor in preventing total losses. That seems to jibe with an earlier insurance institute study of older boats which suggested that the losses on older boats sustaining similar impacts was much greater and that actual testing of panels out of older boats suggested a great diminision in strength on these older laminates. I am really surprised by your observations, which seem so much at odds with the comments of the surveyor.
Second Thoughts on the Ideal Cruising Boat
Fred makes some good points. The cruisers sailing small inexpensive boats are happy as larks.
You mentioned cores as a concern. After the lastest hurricanes blew through Florida I had a chance to see construction that survives extreme conditions. Cored boat skins fractured easier and the boats took more/larger structural damage than single skin hulls. Single skins flexed/bounced off or had very localized damage compared to cored hulls. Check out the yards in Ft.Pierce
for a look/see verification. Old boats survived better...it isn''t brand specific.
Second Thoughts on the Ideal Cruising Boat
Hi all,
A loaded topic? No doubt.
The mantra.
Go small.
Go simple.
Go now.
Go small? An 11,000 lb, 24'' sailboat is only small in its usable interior space.
Go simple? If one thinks building from scratch an 11,000 lb, 24'' carvel planked wooden boat results in a simple boat one should attempt to duplicate the process.
Go now? Do you have any idea how long it takes to build such a boat. Or the 30'', 18,000 lb one that followed.
When I was in the SoPac in the early 90''s the average boat size for a couple seemed to be around 40'' ~ 42''. Refrigeration, water makers and RIBbies, were the must haves. GPS was just starting to become resonable in price and well worth the ~$1,000. The owners were successful in life and could now afford these vessels.
However I also met many solos and couples in smaller and larger boats.
Some were happy, some miserable. The boat size had little to do with the atitude of the owners.
So Stede are you a couple? Do you plan to become one? Or are you a dedicated solo? That may go a long way in helping you determine your boat type. Because even if you are or you become a couple you are still in essence a solo.
Another question would be, "How much blue water experience do you have?"
This question is not about your ability to sail, it is about your level of experience. If your amount of blue water experience is very limited or nonexistent then your ideas for your ideal boat will change, sometimes dramatically once you are out for 2 years or so.
You said your budget is $65k. I would suggest that you think about putting $25k away in a safe investment and use the other money to get the least boat that will serve your intended purpose. Today''s used f/g boat market is filled with boats in the 30'' -35'' range that are suitable(usually with some modifications) for getting you out sailing now. Many are available for less than $25k.
Think of it this way. If you put your boat on the rocks or reef and it goes down with everthing you own, how much more upset are you going to be if the boat represents every nickle you have? Vs. knowing you have a sizable nest egg stashed away.
In the early 80''s I was in Hilo repairing a dismasted 45'' slug(not mine). A young man about 23yo came sailing into the harbor one day in a 20'' Flicka. He built in the back yard of his parents house. He sailed the boat from Dana Point, Ca. in 23 days. He was having the time of his life.
Years later when I was in a small atoll in western French Polynesia I met a couple(40ish) aboard a large Mason(53'') designed boat. The owner had made a small fortune in real estate. He cashed out and went sailing.
The thing is I could not tell you whether he was having more or less fun than the 23yo in the Flicka. The big boat guy was certainly more comfortable.
I built a boat(not a thing to do for the inexperienced or faint of heart). Sailed and lived aboard for 5 years including 2 years in the SoPac. 30'', simple and easy to solo, which I did most of the time.
Now I am like you in some ways. Considering another boat. My budget is quite a bit less than yours. However I think I can still manage a 36'' boat. Will probably start in the spring 2005.
Take care and good fortune in your decision,
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Lacrosse news straight to your inbox.
Tuesday August 6th, 2013 1:07am
Last month Epoch Lacrosse released their 2013 line of Drgonfly shafts, but it wasn't until recently when ILGear got our hands on the new poles, that we were able to see and feel the quality and craftsmanship that goes into these handles.
Technology You Can See and Feel
Their ACL II is what separates Epoch shafts from conventional products. Epoch achieves this by layering carbon fiber in a specific manner, allowing them to control several aspects of the shaft's performance. This technology is what allows Epoch to have the ability to adjust and vary the stiffness profile, commonly referred to as flex, of each shaft.
A shaft's stiffness profile can be measured vertically (front to back), laterally (side to side) and torsionally (twisting). Epoch has taken their technology beyond simply having a shaft flex vertically and has also focused on controlling how the shaft flexes from side to side. Along with the vertical and lateral flex, Epoch is also mindful of torsional flex.
A conventional shaft, whether carbon fiber or alloy, will experience a certain amount of flex when passing and shooting. Often this flex is uncontrolled and inconsistent, but with ACL II, Epoch can control the stiffness profile of each shaft to maximize the performance and playability of them. "With the addition of flex, we can increase the offset of the head when passing and shooting to provide additional hold and whip. This is a dynamic function of the shaft; the harder a player shoots and/or passes, the more flex they feel," said James Miceli (@jamesmiceli), Principal of Epoch Lacrosse. "However, it is important that we are mindful of how the shaft feels and performs when it is flexing as well as what happens after the shaft flexes," James continues.
When a load is introduced through passing and shooting, a shaft will flex. Epoch's ACL II is designed to make the shaft return to its un-flexed position, which is called recovery. Ryan Hurley (@ryanhurley26), National Sales Rep for Epoch adds, "When working with the engineers, we not only care about the shaft flexing backward during the wind up of a shot, but also about the performance of the shaft when it is in recovery or returning to the starting position towards the release point. We understand the science behind this and study the force a shaft experiences during the complete act of shooting."
Epoch also places great importance on the "feel" of each shaft. They believe that above all, each shaft needs to feel right, regardless of the level of the player. As they grow the line, it is vital to them to continue to use their Optimal Feel Design to continue evolving the shafts. Epoch is also introducing their Slip/Grip II, a more durable, textured clear coat for their 2013 lineup. "At Epoch, we continue to offer the industry leading one year warranty on all our shafts. So play hard; we will back you up!", adds Jessica Alexander, the Director of Customer Service and Community Relations.
Cosmetically, the Dragonfly continues to raise the bar with Epoch's high concept, minimalistic design, now offered in both a matte white and matte black version, with a foil finished pin stripe from top to bottom. Creative Director of The Found (Epoch's agency of record), further explains "Based on our extensive research in the field, we chose a design aesthetic that was not only unique to the lacrosse industry but also complemented the performance and technology of the Dragonfly shafts."
The 2013 Men's Dragonfly Shafts
The 2013 men's Dragonfly line includes a total of seven shafts. In the 30" Attack/Middie length, Epoch offers four shafts with unique geometry, giving players the ability to choose one that "feels" right for them. Each shaft is available in both black and white at $130 (US MSRP).
The C30 and the X30 return to the 2013 lineup with increased performance, lighter weight, ACL II, Slip/Grip II as well as best-in-class durability and strength-to-weight ratio. The C30 offers a standard concave geometry while the X30 offers an Xtreme Concave geometry for players who like distinct ridges and edges.
Joining the Dragonfly series of shafts, are the E30 and F30, offering players two new cross- sections. The E30 offers a new geometry, designed for players who want optimal control and "feel". Because of the extremely positive response Epoch received in their advanced prototype testing period, they decided to bring this ergonomic geometry to market.
The F30 is a throwback cross-section, created with modern materials. The flat geometry was created as the result of the popularity of Epoch's Titanium alloy from their 2012 lineup.
The Epoch Dragonfly R60 (US MSRP $200) is 60" in length and has revolutionized the long pole. The lightweight design and durability has made the R60 the choice of advanced players from high school to the pro's. The performance of the shaft is unmatched with it's relaxed concave geometry, allowing players to keep their hands loose and fast. For 2013, Epoch has tweaked the carbon fiber and improved the durability, particularly in the slash zone, without adding weight.
The R40 is Epoch's industry-leading goalie shaft. Designed specifically with goalies in mind, the R40 has become the choice shaft for goalies at every level of the game. The relaxed concave shape keeps goalies hand loose and fast and will continue to test shooters in 2013.
Rounding out Epoch's Dragonfly lineup is their Box shaft, the Dragonfly C32B, designed for the specific performance demands of Box Lacrosse. Lightweight, fast and durable, this shaft is an instant hit with the "Boxla" crowd.
To keep up with Epoch and for a list of all authorized dealers, please visit Epoch's Facebook page at http://www.facebook.com/epochlax.
About Epoch Lacrosse (@epochlax): Epoch Lacrosse delivers the finest manufactured lacrosse equipment designed to increase playability and maximize performance by using world class materials and techniques. Developed in collaboration with True Temper Sports, Epoch shafts are made from the highest grade materials available. They have tested and retested each design to ensure durability, playability and performance are optimized. Their goal is simple; to give the player every opportunity to reach their true potential. Live. Play. Be.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Second Prototype Boba Fett helmet is often referred to as the Preproduction #2 helmet, prepo 2 helmet, or simply PP2 helmet.
This helmet was painted by Sandy Dhuyvetter's Daydream Productions.
This helmet is noteworthy because it is the source of the Don Post Boba Fett helmet line as well as the only original helmet whose castings have been made available to the public. It is also noteworthy because it is the only original helmet that is known to be in a private collection.


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June 27, 2013
Tennessee softball star Raven Chavanne has been honored with an NCAA Postgraduate Scholarship. Chavanne, who was the Capital One Academic All-American of the Year for the Division I softball earlier this month, finished her decorated career with the National Finalists this spring.
Chavanne was a three-time first-team Academic All-American (2011, 2012, 2013) and the political science major had a 3.84 GPA entering the spring. The Thousand Oaks, Calif., native was also a Top 3 Finalist for USA Softball National Collegiate Player of the Year, a finalist for the Senior CLASS Award and an NFCA All-Southeast Region first team pick.
She was a four-time All-American and a three-time first-team pick (2011, 2012, 2013). Chavanne completed her incredible UT career as the school's all-time leader in batting average (.442), runs (244), on-base percentage (.509) and stolen bases (143). She is also second all-time in hits (355), tied for fourth in walks (101), fifth in at-bats (803), fifth in total bases (435), fifth in triples (11), eighth in sacrifice hits (24) and in ninth in slugging percentage (.542). Chavanne and Monica Abbott (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007) are the only four-time All-Americans in Tennessee softball history.
The NCAA Postgraduate Scholarship is for $7,500. To qualify for the scholarship, a student-athlete must have an overall grade-point average of 3.20 (on a 4.00 scale) or its equivalent, and must have performed with distinction as a member of the varsity team in the sport in which the student-athlete was nominated. The chosen student-athletes demonstrated dedication and effort, while performing both on and off the field at a high level, bringing credit to the student-athlete, the institution and intercollegiate athletics.
Created in 1964, the NCAA Postgraduate Scholarships promote and encourage education by rewarding the Association's most accomplished student-athletes.
In 2010, a pair of softball players earned NCAA Post-Graduate Scholarships as Lillian Hammond and Tiffany Huff were recognized.


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ok i know im new to TDH but i have 30 years of fandon under me belt '' as well as storm trooper bike' tie and clone' Armor's and also too Mando's.
but do you know what i dont have a GG.
it looks great and well made good luck with it : ) that said my vote good trad if your happy with it


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on the carry handle/sight base i have 5 --two bushmaster, one colt, one DPMS one made in china pot-metal POS. all of them even the china quality/pot metal POS fits square on the flat top and lines up perfectly.
no. if the carry handle/sight is off to one side something is amiss.
check to see the attachment points are sitting down proper on the flat top base.


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'That's because the Penguins worked their tails off much more often than they worked stick-handling miracles Thursday night at the HSBC Arena. They got sweaty. They got bloody. They got down and dirty. They sacrificed much more than they scintillated.'
Penguins get tough; Sabres get a lesson
April 27, 2001 Submitted by
Via: Pittsburgh Tribune Review


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Christopher & Andrew
June 15
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Q & A with the Couple:
What was the one thing about your venue that made you know it was the one?
The natural setting. The park sits on the other side of the Oak Leaf bike trail. To get into the park, you have to walk through a tunnel—it's like to shed the city and step into a wonderful natural setting. Also, the ceremony space sits right on the bank of the Milwaukee River with woods on the other side. It was just the perfect setting that we wanted.
Which details from your wedding were your favorites?
- The "make your own s'mores" bar—this was put together by our caterer, Potawatomi Bingo Casino. It was a HUGE hit with our guests.
- Our wedding party transportation, Cream City Rickshaw. Such an awesome way to tour the city of Milwaukee! The drivers were very nice and friendly, so was the owner in planning the route and payments! The wedding party loved it because they were carted around and got a lot of compliments from passers-by when we were riding through the Third Ward. For Andrew and I, we loved the time to be able to spend together and just talk about what had happened, what was about to happen and how happy we were.
- Our DJ. A friend of ours was our DJ, and we told him "no traditional wedding music." We wanted to have a nightclub feel with the music to keep the party going until the very end. Needless to say, the dance floor was packed the entire night, and the reception venue turned on the lights at the end of the night and said, "that's it! You guys need to leave."
Give us the one moment in your wedding day you can't stop thinking about.
Dancing down the center aisle to "Chasing the Sun" by The Wanted, holding hands, smiling ear to ear and knowing that we had just pledged ourselves to each other for the rest of our life. (And we are so thrilled that Brittany captured that moment in the photo!).


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McKinney, TX, USA < change city >
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Calle 119 No.14-42 of 301
Edificio Ganem of 210
Bogota/Cartagena,, Colombia
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Coordinators/Planners, Reception Sites, Decorations, Ceremony & Reception
2 ratings, 1 review, 2 weddings
Weeding planner and event producers located in Bogota/Cartagena. Majors in Destination weedings. Certified Weeding Planners from the European Protocol and Weeding Institute in Spain, and Certified Weeding planner from the Iberoamerican Event Planning Institute (Event Planner Studies Associate CEIBEP).
Rosie's Artistry
Metroplex, Texas 76051, United States
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2431 Shorecrest Drive D-3
Dallas, Texas 75235, US
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3 ratings, 3 reviews, 3 weddings
Oh my where do I begin!! John is absolutely amazing!!! Even if you don't know wha...
RainFlorist Designs
5812 WHite Pine Dr.
McKinney, TX 75070, USA
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Kate is fantastic. I loved my flowers so much! She does beautiful work at an affo...
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At my wedding I had to compromise. I went over budget with my wedding dress and a...
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Great Ideas and excellent to work with.
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Dallas, TX, USA
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Carlos is amazing! He stepped out of the box for us and went above and beyond to ...
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text: Just a note from Illinois hunters and fisherman who wish their vote could make a difference in favor of Mitt Romney. Please consider getting out to cast a vote for Mitt Romney for president. We in Illinois who care about our right to hunt and fish would appreciate you speaking for us as well as for yourself in Ohio.


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it's been about 10 months now since i got my fett troopable. it even got me my tkid#. since then i've picked up a few items here and there but i haven't felt the need to do anything with them. well the other day i was cleaning up around the house and got into the closet where i've been storing an ms3 helmet for about 6-8 months and i got to looking at it, turning it over in my hands and really studying it. next thing i know i've spotted a few tiny imperfections and i've got my respirator on and a tube of bondo spot putty in my hand, and i'm filling these too-small-to-actually-notice pinhole bubbles. i let that set up while i go to work and when i get home i find that i'm uncontrollably compelled to find sandpaper to clean the bondo. i got out the 400 grit, a big cup of water, and i'm wet sanding the entire helmet in my computer chair.
as i finish that i look up at my movie shelves and there is my dremel, complete with a cutoff wheel already attached. that right there is a sign... a sign that i need to cut out the visor area. my respirator has magically attached itself to my face again and i'm cutting away. right as the resin snaps out of the visor i see a vision in my mind of my jewelers files sitting in the toolbox, and there they were right where i saw them in my minds eye.
i have heard the call of fett, and he is demanding upgrades. my motivation is back to take my costume to the next stage of it's evolution. you can all look forward to progress pics of the helmet in the next few weeks. by the summer i hope to be able to claim my costume is at version 2.5.
after the helmet i'm going to upgrade my jet pack harness to more accurate straps, rings, and hooks. then i don't know if i'm going to work on gauntlets or knees. i also want to get the sleeves taken in a bit on my flightsuit, and maybe install some stirrups so i no longer run the risk of being a high-water fett.
any way, i'm excited about working on my costume again in a way that i haven't been in a long time and i felt compelled to share. thanks for reading.


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In a March 13, 2012, blog post, the anti-deficit Concord Coalition said the gross debt would top the nation's GDP this year for the first time since World War II. Projections showed the gross debt continuing to increase rapidly "as we continue to borrow and as today's unusually low interest rates eventually rise toward their historic average," the group wrote. . . .
In contrast (to intragovernmental debt), public debt reflects money borrowed from outside sources -- giving it more of a connection to the economy, which is why the coalition tends to focus on it, Josh Gordon, a coalition analyst, told us by phone. "If your problem with the national debt is that you think it's affecting the economy or interest rates or something like that, the only part of the national debt that affects the economy is the debt held by the public. That's where the (U.S.) Treasury is borrowing money on the open market." . . .
Gordon pointed out that the Congressional Budget Office said in its Aug. 22, 2012, update on the nation's economic outlook that by October 2012, the public debt would reach 73 percent of GDP -- the highest level since 1950, the report said, and about twice the share that it measured at the end of September 2007, before the financial crisis and recent recession. The report says too that if deficits continue apace, "debt held by the public would climb to 90 percent of GDP by 2022 -- higher than at any time since shortly after World War II."


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If you list your services for nothing, people will think that is what you are worth. Why would you invest your time, equipment and gas to do something people will pay for?
It is better to start high and come down than it is to try to go up in price.
Henry Ford would say otherwise :D


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Burke's 23 Saves Leads Heels Past Cavs
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA. - Led by a 23-save performance by freshman goalkeeper Kieran Burke, the sixth-ranked North Carolina Tar Heels defeated the No. 19 Virginia Cavaliers 10-7 in men's lacrosse action Saturday afternoon before 6,787 fans at Klockner Stadium.
Carolina was outshot in the game 51-32 but Burke carried the Tar Heels the entire game, making the most saves in a game by a UNC goalkeeper since Paul Spellman had 25 stops in a 10-6 victory over Maryland on March 22, 2003. Burke's 23 saves are also the fourth highest total by an NCAA Division I goalkeeper in a game this year.
With the victory, UNC wins its fifth match in a row, its longest winning streak since starting the 2010 campaign with 10 consecutive wins. The Tar Heels are now 8-3 overall and they finish 2-1 in the ACC, earning no less than a tie for first place in the regular-season standings. The Cavaliers are now 5-6 overall and 0-2 in the ACC. The Cavaliers and Duke play next Friday in Durham, N.C., and that result will determine final ACC Tournament seedings. UNC will host the ACC Tournament at Kenan Stadium on April 26 and 28.
It was Carolina's first regular-season win over the Cavaliers since April 23, 2004 when the Tar Heels won 11-9 at Fetzer Field. It was UNC's first regular-season win at Klockner Stadium since April 7, 2001 when Carolina beat the Wahoos 7-5. That Carolina win was powered by a 22-save performance by goalkeeper Kris Blindenbacher. The Tar Heels have now won two in a row against the Wahoos, also beating them in last year's ACC Tournament semifinals at Klockner Stadium by an 11-9 margin. Prior to that win last season, Virginia had beaten Carolina nine straight times.
Marcus Holman led the Tar Heels offensively as he had six points on three goals and three assists. Sophomores Jimmy Bitter and Chad Tutton each had two goals and an assist for UNC while Joey Sankey had two goals. Davey Emala also scored for UNC and Matt Shannon added an assist, his second career point.
Holman ran his goal scoring string to 26 games in a row, the fifth longest streak in NCAA Division I. Joey Sankey's two goals give him 50 for his career while Bitter ran his career goal total to 48. Sankey is the 49th player to reach the 50-goal career mark with Bitter soon to follow.
Holman now has 111 goals in his career, moving him into a tie for third place on Carolina's all-time goal scoring chart with Mac Ford (1982-85). He passed both Dennis Goldstein (1987-91) and John Webster (1990-93) on the UNC career charts Saturday. He needs two more goals to tie Jed Prossner (2002-05) for second place in career goal scoring as a Tar Heel. Holman now has 186 career points, the sixth most in UNC history, and his 75 assists are the ninth most in Tar Heel history.
Statistically, the game was heavily titled in Virginia's direction, making UNC's three-goal margin of victory all the more amazing. Virginia outshot the Tar Heels 51-32 and won the ground ball battle 41-21. The Cavaliers also won 15 of 20 face-offs. The Wahoos were perfect on the clear (20-for-20) and converted two extra-man goals to zero for Carolina. UNC committed 12 turnovers and Virginia had 10 turnovers.
But in the end, the game came down to Kieran Burke, who made his 11th successive start in goal. His 23 saves were eight more than his previous career highs of 15 against Notre Dame and Maryland.
The Cavaliers were led by Mark Cockerton who had three goals on 18 shots. Nick O'Reilly had two goals for the Cavaliers, both in the first quarter, to go along with an assist. Matt White had a pair of assists for UVA.
The Tar Heels got off to a fast start as they ran off four goals in less than 10 minutes in the first quarter, building a lead they would never relinquish despite being under constant pressure on the defensive end for most of the game. Joey Sankey opened the scoring with a timer on goal at 13:27 of the first quarter as he came around the cage to finish past Virginia goalkeeper Rhody Heller. Just over two minutes later, Carolina doubled its lead as Marcus Holman scored his first of three first half goals. Sophomore long stick midfielder Matt Shannon fed Holman for a fast break goal at 11:11, finishing off a successful clear after a Burke save on a shot by Rob Emery. With 7:08 left in the quarter, Holman scored off an assist by Jimmy Bitter as the Tar Heels again scored quickly after a Burke save and successful clear. The Heels then made it 4-0 when Chad Tutton made a nifty dodge out top and bounced a shot past Rhody Heller with 5:16 left in the opening stanza.
The last five minutes of the first quarter belonged to UVA. Nick O'Reilly scored a pair of goals 34 seconds apart, rolling the crease from behind scoring low both times, once on the left side and then on the right side. The Cavaliers then scored a transition goal by Mark Cockerton with 11 seconds left in the quarter following a turnover by the Tar Heels.
Neither team scored in the first 11 minutes of the second quarter before Chad Tutton scored from the right side of the box from 10 yards out off an assist by Marcus Holman with 3:33 to play. Holman's skip pass from the left side found Tutton alone for a left-handed putaway. The Cavaliers matched that goal with an extra-man tally by Ryan Tucker, assisted by Nick O'Reilly, with 1:43 left in the half. After weathering another penalty, UNC got the ball back, called timeout with 48 seconds and then scored the last goal of the first half with 2.3 seconds left. Chad Tutton fed Marcus Holman from the right side and Holman found himself unmarked on the crease. He caught the pass, pivoted and scored in the closing seconds of the half. Earlier in the period, Holman had a similar opportunity but his behind-the-back shot found the pipe. This time, Holman's finish was true, finishing his 15th career hat trick.
The Tar Heels were outshot 26-16 after halftime but Burke made 14 of his 23 saves after intermission, including seven saves in the third quarter and seven saves in the fourth quarter. Virginia would score on only three of its 17 shots on goal in the final 30 minutes.
After leading 6-4 at halftime, the Tar Heels scored the opening two goals of the third period to get its four-goal lead back. Senior midfielder Davey Emala scored on an outside wormburner at 13:38 to make it 7-4, finishing low past Heller from 12 yards. Neither team scored for another nine minutes before Jimmy Bitter scored on a fast break from Holman at 4:38 of the period to restore a four-goal lead for Carolina. UNC's transition goals would make the difference for the second game in a row just as they had the previous Saturday against Johns Hopkins. The Cavaliers answered with an extra-man goal with 3:13 left in the third quarter with Rob Emery scoring from Matt White after Davey Emala was sent off for holding.
Neither team could dent the scoreboard in the opening 10 minutes of the fourth quarter before Cockerton scored off White's assist with 4:56 to play to cut UNC's lead to two goals. Virginia had several more opportunities to cut the lead to a single goal but Burke repeatedly frustrated the Cavaliers, allowing Carolina emerge with the win. The Cavs won the face-off after Cockerton's goal but Burke saved shots by Nick O'Reilly at 4:07 and by Cockerton at 2:36. After a timeout by Carolina, Virginia's Matt White turned the ball over with 2:05 to play and the Tar Heels took advantage to notch the game-clinching tally just 23 seconds later. Joey Sankey scored an empty net goal with 1:42 left off Holman's third assist of the game. Holman's cross field pass finished off the clear for UNC and Sankey eluded two defenders to score. After another turnover by the Wahoos, Mark McNeill cleared the ball for UNC and with 45 seconds left, Jimmy Bitter notched his second goal of the match to put Carolina up 10-6, equaling its biggest lead of the game. Cocketon finished off his hat trick 15 seconds later but Burke finished off the afternoon with his 23rd and final save on a shot by James Pannell with 10 seconds to play.
The Tar Heels will be back action next Saturday when they travel to Long Island to meet the Hofstra Pride (7-4) at 7 p.m. at James M. Shuart in Hempstead, N.Y. The Pride is coming off a dominating 13-1 win at St. Joseph's on Saturday night.


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Just for all of us STAR WARS fans....
Welcome | Black Milk Clothing
The company is doing multiple releases of their products, so everything you see in the video will EVENTUALLY be available. Be aware though, they sell FAST!! The first four items released last night at 9pm PST (they are in Austrailia) and the Artoo Swimsuit XS was sold out by 9:20!!!


text: Lost my manlove for Mitchell, unless he's available in the second round. Pistons interviewed him HARD, to find out why he is so unmotivated at times. Been thinking about what the Pistons have been missing lately, and I think it is a Floor General/Leader/Point Guard. Haven't had one since Chauncey left, and the only player with that intangible available in the draft, IMHO, is Burke. When he is on the court, the entire game changes. I don't know if he will have as much success scoring in the NBA, but the kid is a natural born leader, and a better pure point guard, again IMHO, than anyone the Pistons currently have on their roster. What good does a roster full of talent do you without a leader and a direction? I would be willing to give up ANYONE on the Pistons roster with the exception of Drummond, Moose, Knight, and Singler, as well as one or both of our 2nd round picks, to get Trey Burke into a Pistons uniform. Everyone else is expendable, and I can't see the Pistons getting any better with the group and the dynamics they currently have. Stuck with Villanueva for one more year. Maggette, Calderon, Stuckey? See 'ya. None of these guys appear to want to be a Piston, or deserves to be. Maxiell? Good luck in free agency, but I'd welcome you back if you decide to stay. Kravtsov? Does he even have a game? Bynum can stay, as well as Jerebko, English, and Middleton, all important role players. Unless a true point guard/leader is available in free agency, I think Burke is the guy that can start to turn this thing around. Let's face it, we are YEARS away from chasing the ring, and the Pistons will continue to be just five guys flopping around on the court night after night, until we get a Chauncey back at the wheel. With the cap space the Pistons have, they should be able to get one or two high quality players, perhaps Mike Bibby to run the second team, Michael Redd as a second team shooter, and a banger like Etan Thomas for an enforcer. Problem is, over 20 million to spend, and a crappy year for free agents. Hopefully, Dumars won't spend it just to spend it. ( a la Ben Gordon and Charlie Villanueva deals). I'd like to see Ben Wallace one more time in a Pistons uniform, as a Player/Coach, to help the young guys, especially Drummond, develop their defensive game. Now, either the Pistons have NO interest in Burke (no interview, Knight is their guy, too small), which is highly likely; or he is THEIR GUY, and they are doing everything they can to hide it (no interview, "Gonna select a big", etc.) The problem then becomes finding a trade-up partner. I have no clue who'd be willing to trade down; Burke should still be available, though, at 6 or 7. So maybe, the Pelicans (snicker), or the Kings as our trade partner. My gut tells me that the Pistons won't trade up, but will take Burke in a heartbeat ,if he is there at 8. If not, either Zeller or McCollum is the pick. If we do trade up, my prediction is we trade both our second rounders and Stuckey for Phoenix's 30th pick and get my guy, Tony Mitchell. O.K. Pistons egg-spurts, FLAME ON!!!


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"I'm very proud, he's got a lot of talent." -- Julio Cesar Baldivieso, coach of Bolivian club Aurora, on his son, Mauricio, who became the
youngest player to ever play a South American first division game when he came on in a 1-0 loss at La Paz. Mauricio turns 13 on Wednesday. ...More


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NEW YORK --- North Carolina returned to the Associated Press Top 25 Monday after the Tar Heels defeated No. 25 Georgetown and Iowa this week to win the Preseason WNIT. Carolina, which opened the season outside the AP Top 25 for the first time since the 2001-02 season, re-entered the poll at No. 25 after falling out last February.
The Tar Heels took a similar path back to the poll in 2001, starting the season 9-1 with the only loss coming at Connecticut. Carolina would finish that season second in the ACC and advnace to the NCAA Sweet 16 after winning first and second round games in Chapel Hill.
UNC will be in action twice this weekend - Saturday at noon vs. La Salle and Sunday at 2 p.m. vs. UNC Asheville. The UNCA game time was changed due to NCAA men's soccer while the La Salle game had not been previously scheduled due to the home football game.


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Cheesy-Spinach Crab DipThis cheesy crab dip makes a savory party appetizer with minimal preparation time. Serve warm with pita chips or whole-grain crackers.
Cheesy Spinach-Artichoke DipThis irresistible dip featuring three cheeses, Parmesan, feta, and cream cheese, and four vegetables, spinach, artichokes, onion, and sun-dried tomatoes, is sure to be the hit of the party. Soak the sun-dried tomatoes during the first hour of cooking so they'll be ready to add during the second hour.
Gruyère-Bacon DipServe this dip with assorted vegetable dippers. It's also tasty as a condiment spread on turkey burgers.
Salsa CheesecakeServed with baked tortilla chips, this festive appetizer will be a hit at your next party.
Roasted Garlic-White Bean DipThis white bean dip gets its flavor from a combination of roasted garlic, rosemary, and kalamata olives and its smooth texture from ricotta cheese. If time allows, pick up a baguette and make your own crostini at home, or just serve with crackers.
Blue Cheese-Artichoke DipBlue cheese amps up the flavor for a little twist on the traditional artichoke appetizer. The dip holds up well for about two hours after the cook time. Serve with pita chips or toasted baguette slices.
Lamb MeatballsLemon zest adds a nice bright lift to the spicy sauce and complements the Greek inspired flavors of these meatballs.
Buffalo-Style DrummettesHeating the chicken drummettes in the oven helps to brown them. You can also brown them, in batches, in a skillet on the cooktop.
Slow-Cooker Chicken Lettuce CupsThese cups pair the freshness of a salad with the heartiness of a taco.
Thai-Style RibsWith these appetizer ribs, there will be no more long hours of smoking on the grill or smoker. The slow cooker cuts the time in half while still yielding that much desired fall-off-the-bone texture. Cutting the rib racks in half makes a better appetizer-sized portion.
Mini BBQ SandwichesSet up a simple BBQ sandwich bar so guests can create their own mini sandwiches with their favorite flavors. Serve fun and colorful toppings like coleslaw, pickles, Cheddar cheese, and pickled jalapeño peppers in small bowls alongside the slow cooker. To make an entrée-sized sandwich, feel free to substitute the dinner rolls with French sandwich rolls or buns.
Beer-and-Cheddar FonduePull out the fondue set and serve this fabulously cheesy recipe at your next gathering. For a more intense flavor, try substituting with spicy sausage, dark beer, and sharp Cheddar cheese. Granny Smith apples, torn brown bread, and broccoli florets make excellent dippers. Here's a tip: stir the dippers in a figure-eight motion to keep the cheese creamy and smooth.
Turkey MeatballsThese versatile meatballs have so many serving possibilities. Dunk the meatballs into extra tomato sauce with a toothpick for an easy appetizer, stuff into a hoagie roll and top with cheese for a hearty sandwich, or top on spaghetti noodles for a quick weeknight dinner.
Creamy Dried Beef DipDried beef adds a uniquely salty flavor that enhances the taste of this smooth, creamy dip. Serve with red bell peppers strips and bagel chips for an easy party starter.
Sina's Georgia-Style Boiled PeanutsThese Southern-style peanuts cook for 18 hours so a little planning ahead is involved to make sure they are ready to eat when you're ready to serve. Start them late in the evening so they can cook through the night and are ready for the picnic or tailgate the next afternoon.
Chicken Wings with Spicy Chili SauceChicken wings are a favorite party food so serve this spicy-sweet appetizer the next time you have friends over to watch the big game. They're sticky so be sure to serve with extra napkins!
Chile con QuesoThe slow cooker is perfect for keeping this spicy cheese dip warm throughout the party.
Chipotle-Barbecue MeatballsStart with a package of frozen meatballs and cook in the slow cooker with bottled barbecue sauce and cherry preserves for this easy, 5-ingredient appetizer.


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Rank-N types
From HaskellWiki
1 About
Normal Haskell '98 types are considered Rank-1 types. A Haskell '98 type signature such as
a -> b -> a
implies that the type variables are universally quantified like so:
forall a b. a -> b -> a
forall a. a -> (forall b. b -> a)
is also a Rank-1 type because it is equivalent to the previous signature.However, a
Rank-N type reconstruction is undecidable in general, and some explicit type annotations are required in their presence.
Rank-2 or Rank-N types may be specifically enabled by the language extensions
2 Relation to Existentials
In order to unpack an existential type, you need a polymorphic function that works on any type that could be stored in the existential. This leads to a natural relation between higher-rank types and existentials; and an encoding of existentials in terms of higher rank types in continuation-passing style.
In general, you can replace
data T a1 .. ai = forall t1 .. tj. constraints => Constructor e1 .. ek
Constructor exp1 .. expk -- application of the constructor
case e of (Constructor pat1 .. patk) -> res
data T' a1 .. ai = Constructor' (forall b. (forall t1..tj. constraints => e1 -> e2 -> ... -> ek -> b) -> b)
Constructor' (\f -> f exp1 .. expk)
case e of (Constructor' f) -> let k pat1 .. patk = res in f k
3 See also
- Rank-N types on the Haskell' website.
- The GHC User's Guide on higher-ranked polymorphism.


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Click any word in a definition or example to find the entry for that word
a person who visits a particular place because it was featured in a book or film that they enjoyed
'Tourist locations are seeing up to a 30 per cent surge in bookings from "set-jetters", who like to visit places depicted in films, it was revealed yesterday …'The Scotsman 9th August 2005
'… I am not part of the phenomenon that is "set-jetting". This involves holidaying in places purely because they have prominently featured in a book or film.'The Herald 10th August 2005
If you're finding it hard to decide where you'd like to go on holiday this year, why not take inspiration from your favourite film or book? You too could join the ranks of the set-jetters! The set-jetter is a recently identified breed of tourist who holidays in a particular location specifically because it's the setting for a book or film that they're crazy about.
tourist industries across the world have been boosted by set-jetting, one of the biggest
being New Zealand
Recent research by Halifax Travel Insurance revealed that, in the UK, more than 25% of holidaymakers claim to have chosen a particular destination because they have read about it in a book or seen it in a film or TV show. Though this is by no means a new concept, the recent overwhelming increase in popularity of particular locations, including those not traditionally thought of as tourist destinations, has led marketing analysts to coin the terms set-jetting for this new trend and set-jetter for participants.
Tourist industries across the world have been boosted by set-jetting, one of the biggest beneficiaries being New Zealand after the immense success of the film version of the Lord of the Rings trilogy. Over in the UK, the tourist industry in Yorkshire has been substantially boosted by the Harry Potter films and the 2003 film Calendar Girls. A recent novel which has provided inspiration for UK tourists is Dan Brown's The Da Vinci Code, which caused numbers visiting Rosslyn Chapel in Scotland to soar to 68,000 in 2004 compared to 9,500 a decade earlier.
The phenomenon of a film location being the motivation for a particular holiday destination was first recognised in the 1950s, when the film Roman Holiday (1953), starring Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburn, inspired a generation of Americans to head to the Italian capital.
The recent coining of the terms set-jetting and set-jetter in recognition of this now fast-growing holiday trend is, of course, a play on the words jet-setting and jet-setter. These are derivatives of the noun jet-set, first attested in 1951 as a reference to wealthy and fashionable people who travelled widely for pleasure. Formation of set-jetting and set-jetter from jet-set and its derivatives hinges on what linguists would technically refer to as metathesis, the transposition of sounds or syllables within a word or between words. Relative to the word jet-setter, set-jetter could in fact be described as a 21st century example of a spoonerism, a transposition of the initial sounds of two words. Spoonerisms are named after the 19th century Revd W. Spooner, who reputedly regularly made errors such as 'You've hissed the mystery lesson' ('You've missed the history lesson') when talking. Strictly-speaking however, spoonerisms are accidental, unlike the deliberate transposition of sounds in set-jetter.
This article was first published on 2nd January 2006.
Open Dictionary
Dunning-Kruger effect
the phenomenon by which an incompetent person is too incompetent to understand his own incompetenceadd a word
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A must for anyone with an interest in the changing face of language. The Macmillan Dictionary blog explores English as it is spoken around the world today.global English and language change from our blog


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Our weekly feature, Talking Tactics with Stewart Robson, continues today.
Every week, Arsenal Player's analyst will be looking back on the last first-team game.
Presenting from the first-team dressing room at Emirates Stadium, Stewart will tell you how the match was won, lost or drawn.
This week Stewart focuses on the Leeds game.
The points discussed include:
- the threat of Andrey Arshavin
- Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain's performance
- the visitors' lack of ability on the ball
- Arsenal playing too deep
- the impact of Thierry Henry
We hope you enjoy this feature.Copyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


text: With the movie out, there's been a resurgence in skaters using the music. Both Jeremy Abbott and Yu-na Kim are skating to "Les Mis" this season: Yu-Na https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2gn98iKAK2U Jeremy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gL14QJEAFxc But my favorite programs come from skaters' past: Todd Eldredge https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSjTFmNYFw4 (exciting choreography, great spins and Todd having a little fun) Brittany McConn https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4Nn3EOlN_0 (monstrous 3S, underrated skater IMHO, posture not as bad as they said and good speed) Michelle Kwan http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fyLYSS8GtSk (a nice exhibition) Any others? Which are your favorites? I know Yu-Na's program was discussed to death (I found it pleasant but boring). Her countrywoman Min-Jung Kwak skated to it in 2010. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bm_ooNurjNc


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Movies, books, and songs to capture the essence of Madrid and get you in the mood for travel
Mi Calle (My Street) (1960)
"Authentically evokes Madrid in the 1920s."—Carlos Aguilar, author, The Spanish Cinema Guide. Focusing on the personalities living on one street, director Edgar Neville illustrates the social and political upheavals of pre-war Spain on a local, bittersweet level.
La Flor De Mi Secreto (The Flower of My Secret) (1995)
A Pedro Almodóvar comedy about the unhappy love life of a successful romance novelist; features a colorful cast of eccentrics and beautiful scenes of Madrid; other Almodóvar films set in Madrid include High Heels (1991), Kika (1993), and Live Flesh (1997).
El Día De La Bestía (Day of the Beast) (1995)
A comedic horror film, which follows a fallen priest and a good-hearted but violent heavy metal fan as they wreak gory havoc all over Madrid in an attempt to save the world from the Antichrist.
Abre Los Ojos (Open Your Eyes) (1997)
Remade as Vanilla Sky starring Tom Cruise and set in New York, the original version by director Alejandro Amenábar stars Eduardo Noriega as the man without a face in this psychological thriller; features a spectacular scene of Gran Vía emptied of traffic.
"Luces de Bohemia," by Ramón del Valle-Inclán (1920)
Evocative play by one of Spain's most influential dramatists. Bohemian Lights unfolds on the streets of a pre-Civil War Madrid rife with grotesque characters, social inequality, political unrest, and hypocrisy; available in English in Valle-Inclán Plays: One (1990).
La Colmena, by Camilo José Cela (1951)
Early novel by the Nobel Prize-winning author; evokes the harsh reality of post-war Madrid through the lives of more than 100 characters who pass through a neighborhood café; published in English as The Hive.
The Fifth Column and Four Stories of the Spanish Civil War, by Ernest Hemingway (1969)
Inspired by the author's time as a correspondent in war-torn Madrid. The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940) evokes the guerrilla warfare that took place in the mountains just outside of Madrid, while The Sun Also Rises (1926) finds the Lost Generation ending their Spanish odyssey in a pre-war Madrid of good times, fine eating, and heavy drinking.
Captain Alatriste, by Arturo Perez Reverte (1996)
The adventures of a dashing swordsman-for-hire in 17th-century Madrid; fans often follow Alatriste's tracks through modern-day Madrid de los Austrias; made into a 2006 feature film.
Alaska y Sus Canciones de la Movida, by Alaska
Alaska was a star of the movida madrileña, the alternative socio-cultural movement of art, music, nightlife, and decadence that exploded in the years after Franco's death. Inspired by punk, New Wave, and electronic pop, these classic songs capture that heady era.
Devil Came to Me, by Dover
Backing catchy pop melodies and English lyrics with thunderous, grunge-inspired guitars, this album propelled the Madrid-based group to European fame.
Entre Dos Aguas, by Paco de Lucía
One of the most revered albums by the Spanish guitar maestro; when it was released in 1973, the title song marked the beginning of "new flamenco" by bringing the guitar to the forefront and adding congas, bass, and other instruments.
Grandes Éxitos, by José Mercé
One of the most popular cantaor (flamenco singers) working today; singing since a child, this Madrid-based artist brings a passion to his performances that enthralls both flamenco purists and mainstream fans.
Siempre en Madrid/Always in Madrid, by various artists
Produced by the Madrid Tourism Office; a series of original songs blending traditional Madrid melodies with jazz and flamenco.
La Verbena de la Paloma, by Tómas Bretón
One of the greatest zarzuelas of all time; zarzuela is a traditional form of Madrid operetta, which originated in the 17th century.
Classic Songs:
From an 18th-century orchestral classic to an 80s pop anthem, these Spanish songs were inspired by Madrid:
1. "La Puerta de Alcalá" (The Gate of Alcalá), Ana Belén y Victor Manuel
2. "Retirada Nocturna de Madrid" ("Procession of the Military Night Watch in Madrid"), Luigi Rodolfo Boccherini
3. "Te Dejo Madrid" ("I Leave You Madrid"), Shakira
4. "Ultima Mirada" ("The Last Look"), Juan Sin Miedo
5. "Vuelvo a Madrid" ("Return to Madrid"), Ismael Serrano
6. "Yo Me Bajo en Atocha" ("I Get Off in Atocha") and "Pongamos Que Hablo de Madrid" ("Let's Say I'm Talking about Madrid"), Joaquín Sabina
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