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|Iliasson, Amrax
|Huang, Chi Hua
|Skidmore, Edward
|Levy, G L
Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/11/2007
Publication Date: 8/15/2007
Citation: Mamedov, A.I., Huang, C., Skidmore, E., Levy, G.J. 2007. HEMC: A sensitive aggregate stability method for soil quality evaluation [abstract]. American Society of Agronomy-Crop Science Society of America-Soil Science of America International Annual Meeting Abstracts, New Orleans, Louisiana. 2007 CDROM. Interpretive Summary:
Technical Abstract: Soil aggregate stability is an important soil quality index, representing mainly soil structural stability and affecting, among others, hydraulic conductivity, seal formation, runoff, water and wind erosion. The most common method of assessing aggregate stability is wet sieving where aggregate stability is expressed by the mean weigh diameter (MWD) of the sieved fractions. However, no good correlation has thus far been found between MWD and hydraulic conductivity, infiltration (or runoff) rate and soil erosion. An alternative method for determining aggregate stability is the High Energy Moisture Characteristic (HEMC) procedure, that has been found to be a useful for detecting even small differences in the stability of aggregates from various soils. In this method, the wetting process of the aggregates is accurately controlled, and the energy of hydration and entrapped air are the main forces responsible for aggregate breakdown. An index of aggregate susceptibility to slaking on a relative scale of zero to one, termed stability ratio (SR), is obtained by quantifying differences in moisture characteristic curves (at 0-50 cm tension) for fast and slow wetting. We have studied aggregate stability with the HEMC method from a large number (> 200) of soils (i) from different regions (humid, arid); (ii) varying in their inherent properties (e.g., clay mineralogy, texture, organic matter content); (iii) under different conditions prevailing in the soil (salinity, sodicity, redox potential, type of tillage, antecedent moisture); and (iv) subjected to the addition of different amendments (polymers, gypsum, manure). We have obtained close relationships between the SR and infiltration rate, runoff, and eroded sediments for the soils studied. Furthermore, data obtained from detailed analysis of the HEMC results provide valuable information on inter- and intra- aggregate porosities which could be useful in better understanding of transport processes in the soil (near saturation). Linking the HEMC data with aggregate size distribution and dry aggregate stability (obtained from soil aggregate crushing energy meter, SACEM) could aid in the assessment of erosion processes by water and wind (environmental quality).


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Five Named to Manning Award Watch List
Aug. 14, 2014
Five Big Ten standouts were named to the watch list today for the Manning Award, which goes to the nation's most outstanding quarterback. Finalists for the award, which includes candidates' performance in bowl games, will be released on Nov. 26 with the winner to be announced on Jan. 14.
The Big Ten's preseason honorees for the Manning Award are Indiana's Nate Sudfeld, Iowa's Jake Rudock, Michigan's Devin Gardner, Michigan State's Connor Cook and Ohio State's Braxton Miller.
Schools Illinois Indiana Iowa Maryland Michigan Michigan State Minnesota Nebraska Northwestern Ohio State Penn State Purdue Rutgers Wisconsin
Men's Sports Baseball Basketball Cross Country Football Golf Gymnastics Hockey Indoor Track & Field Lacrosse Soccer Swimming & Diving Tennis Outdoor Track & Field Wrestling
Women's Sports Basketball Cross Country Field Hockey Golf Gymnastics Indoor Track & Field Lacrosse Rowing Soccer Softball Swimming & Diving Tennis Outdoor Track & Field Volleyball

subset: commoncrawl


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While the graphics cards market enjoys a flurry of new cards every few months, the sound card market is relatively staid. Creative has been at the centre of PC audio ever since it established the market with its original Sound Blaster card back in 1989 and has been the major force ever since. Aureal had some success before being swallowed up by Creative and nVidia had a stab at something new with its nForce2 integrated SoundStorm chip but this came and went too leaving Creative to dominate with its Audigy line.
The time is more than ripe then to extend a warm welcome to Creative's most significant new product since its Sound Blaster Live! series from 1998 – the X-Fi. There are four cards available at launch and two of them are on review. These are from both ends of the budget - the low cost Sound Blaster X-Fi Xtreme Music at £99 and the musician focused Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro retailing at £249.99. In between are the X-Fi Platinum (£149.99) and the X-Fi Fatal1ty FPS (£179.99).
To sell its new cards Creative has made much of the technology behind them. Each successive generation of Creative soundcard has brought a substantial improvement in playback quality with cleaner, fuller and better defined sounding audio. Quality however, is difficult to push as the primary factor with which to sell to consumers. Therefore the Sound Blaster Live! was promoted on its surround sound capabilities while the Audigy line emphasised processing power and mature EAX effects.
For the X-Fi cards their processing power is once again the highlight. Creative states that the X-Fi features 51 millions transistors and posesses 10,000+ MIPS of processing power, 24 times that of the Audigy 2 ZS.
But what does this actually translate into in the real world? Which features are worth getting excited about? What can the new cards actually do that wasn't previously possible?
Unwrapping the Elite Pro reveals a breakout box that would send the Audigy's box scurrying away to hide in a corner. This is the Xbox controller of break out boxes. Yes, it's that big. Designed to look like a hi-fi accessory it's almost the size of an stand alone amplifier. It feels satisfyingly sturdy with a full size remote control as companion.


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Denver Broncos QB Tim Tebow and the biblical verse John 3:16 have long been entwined. So why is it now trending on Google?
Turns out that the evangelical Christian -- whose dramatic sideline praying on one knee has even spawned the phrase "tebowing" -- churned out some timely 3-16s in his team's big playoff win over Pittsburgh on Sunday night.
Most notable, Tebow threw for a season-high 316 yards and set an NFL record with 31.6 yards per completion.
The QB, who sent fans into a frenzy after he capped off his work on the Lord's day by tossing the winning TD on the first play in overtime, routinely wrote the numbers "3:16" in black under his eyes during his collegiate years. The NFL, however, banned the practice of daubing such personal messages.
For the record, John 3:16 reads:
For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.
Tebow didn't appear to note any 3:16 connection, at least not immediately, although he did hew to his practice of praising the Lord in opening remarks to the media after the game: "First and foremost, I just want to thank my lord and savior, Jesus Christ. He's done so much in my life."
As John 3:16 trended and #faith posting referenced the event, one Tweet, seizing the moment, also observed: "It's a little crazy that Tebows' favorite verse is John 3:16 and he threw for 316 yards & a couple of his bosses are named John. #faith."
The reference was to Broncos' coach John Fox and the teams executive vice president and former QB John Elway.
Amid the John 3:16 hysteria on Google and elsewhere, comes this observation from CBS News Sports blog:
Of course there were many detractors fed up with divine connection: 'The fact that Tebow threw for 316 yards means only one thing. He threw for 316 yards. Come on, people!'
Doug is an unrepentant news junkie who loves breaking news and has been known to watch C-SPAN even on vacation. He has covered a wide range of domestic and international news stories, from prison riots in Oklahoma to the Moscow coup against Mikhail Gorbachev. Doug previously served as foreign editor at USA TODAY. More about Doug
Michael Winter has been a daily contributor to On Deadline since its debut in January 2006. His journalism career began in the prehistoric Ink Era, and he was an early adapter at the dawn of the Digital Age. His varied experience includes editing at the San Jose Mercury News and The Philadelphia Inquirer.
Also: Follow On Deadline on Twitter


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Speaker Information
Welcome to George Fox University Office of Spiritual Life! Our mission is to encourage our community to find their identity, passion, and calling in relationship with Jesus Christ in order to engage them in the work of God in the world. Chapel is one of the venues this mission is carried out and we look forward to having you be a part of that. Chapel is every Wednesday at 10:40 a.m. and 7:30 p.m. in Bauman Auditorium. We ask that before you arrive you take some time to watch a few of our recent chapel messages through podcast as well as view our current chapel curriculum. This will help you in understanding the culture of our chapel services as well as be aware of how your message will fit in with our current series. Whether you are a first time speaker or veteran, please look over the following process and fill out the electronic forms listed below. You need only fill out the forms that pertain to your visit.
- Accommodations Request
If you are not local to the Newberg area, fill out our accommodations request form to help us in booking your travel and lodging. Please fill out this form at least 8 weeks prior to your visit.
- W-9 Tax Form
If this is your first time being paid by George Fox University, we will need you to fill out a W-9 form and scan/email, mail or fax (fax #: 503-554-3906) it back to us. Our Financial Affairs department will not issue your honorarium check without a copy of your W-9. Download the W-9. In order to pay you on time, we should receive this at least 3 weeks prior to your visit.
- Chapel Planning Questionnaire
To help us prepare for your message, we'll need information regarding your topic, scripture references, tech needs and more. Please fill out our chapel planning questionnaire at least two weeks prior to your chapel visit.
- Release to Record
Most of our chapel services are podcasted and made available to the public. Every time you speak we will need you to fill this out. In short, this form gives us legal permission to record you and make the podcast public. Please fill out the release to record form. We will need this form submitted two weeks prior to your chapel visit. Note: the podcasts are not for sale.
- Directions to George Fox University and Campus Map
View directions to and a map of the George Fox University in Newberg to help you get acquainted with the campus. Chapel is in Bauman Auditorium and any talk-back sessions will take place in the Student Union Building.
If you are interested in being a part of one of our future chapels, please send a letter of interest along with a podcast of your music or teaching to email@example.com. Our chapel schedule is booked 6 months in advance.
If you have questions, please call our main office line at 503-554-2320 or email email@example.com. Our Spiritual Life Coordinator or Chapel Producer will get back to you at their earliest convenience.


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Today's Devotional
Judgment and ObedienceAre you more concerned with pleasing people than God?
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I was born in Berwyn, Il. Raised in Chicago,Il. I have four younger brothers. I served 4 years in the US Air Force in Altus Oklahoma. I now live in Wonder Lake Illinois. I am a sinner saved by grace. Forgiven through the finished work of Christ and !##^ured hope by His factual and historically proven resurrection and I seek daily to know God as demonstrated by Jesus Christ as the Holy Spirit teaches, corrects and empowers me. I am married to Robin, who is God's gift to me in so many ways I'm still learning about each one of them. I have been blessed with two daughters. I love all things music - guitars,song writing, producing and teaching. Sound engineering. I am the Minister of Worship and the Arts at The Vine Christian Church in Woodstock Illinois. I love this job and look forward to do it full time ( maybe someday) I am learning that God is always on time, and that I need to trust His timetable not force mine. I work full time with IBM. God is teaching so much through my job, I am thankful to be here... My dreams are still alive and I am excited about them , but I have to balance my pursuits with those of my family , I want to teach and encourage my daughters that the dreams come true when you put feet on them.


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Math Phys Seminar: Sourav Chatterjee (Courant Inst. NYU) "The universal relation between exponents in first-passage percolation"
It has been conjectured in numerous physics papers that in ordinary first-passage percolation on integer lattices, the fluctuation exponent \chi and the wandering exponent \xi are related through the universal relation \chi=2\xi -1, irrespective of the dimension. This is sometimes called the KPZ relation between the two exponents. I will give a rigorous proof of this conjecture assuming that the exponents exist in a certain sense.
Location: IAS Simonyi Hall S101
Date/Time: 10/18/11 at 4:30 pm - 10/18/11 at 6:00 pm
Category: Mathematical Physics Seminar
Department: Physics


text: Readers' Voice: Oct. 25, 2013 October 24, 2013 Story Share • Compliments to Senator Bill Laird, in his observation of prison overcrowding. He doesn't believe in sending inmates to other states. With all the land available in West Virginia, at Huttonsville and Mt. Olive, additional buildings could be constructed, and inmates kept at home.• Here in West Virginia, you better be careful when crossing the street. A driver is allowed to run you down in the road, especially if he has the green light.• Joe Manchin wants to delay the health-care signups. Why not go two steps further? The Republicans kept saying the people don't want it. To me, what we don't want is to be told we have to take it and will be fined if we don't sign up.• The new Dunbar court fee for traffic violations will turn the Dunbar police into a self-greasing axle.• Regarding the recent photo-op press conference where Obama talked up Obamacare: None of the dozen plus "props" standing behind him supporting the law will be affected by it. If it's so good, then everybody should be required to enroll.• Apparently, the people claiming the GOP is wrong for saying Social Security is in trouble don't take time to read the paper. Even the Gazette had an article claiming changes need to be made.• Can someone direct me to a source of self-adjustable eyeglasses, such as those seen on TV? • To the car dealer in the Gazette with the reward for the stolen wheels and tires: Get over it. They're gone. You collected the insurance to cover it. It's over and you lost. Deal with it.• The right to bear arms: This week, California deputies fatally shot a 13-year-old boy carrying a toy gun.• While, yes, the Republicans may have started the shutdown mess, it is clearly the Democrats who decided to take it to the next level and try and make the hard-working, taxpaying American hurt as much as possible. Why else would Obama close memorials and monuments that don't need people there round the clock? • So, all those federal workers got 15 days off because of the "shutdown," but now we are going to pay them for those days, plus, now the unemployment agencies will have to "undo" all the claims for unemployment and collect what they have paid to these individuals.• Members of the House and Senate will brag about getting together to solve the debt limit problem . . . and pat one another on the back, knowing that, a few weeks down the road, we will go through it again. I, for one, will not forget their petty attitudes and lack of compromise.• I agree with the reader 100 percent. If a woman on welfare gets pregnant, then why should the taxpayers be on the hook to pay for her medical care and pay to raise her child? What we should do is take the baby at birth, then reduce her current benefits. It is sickening to see these people waltz through life on the backs of those who work.• The only dynamic Dana Holgorsen needs to worry about is that he's a very poor football coach.• Senator Joe Manchin is doing a good job in Washington. He represents our state well, speaks well, and is open to what is right, no matter what his national party says. That is his job. He is there to represent the people of West Virginia, not the national Democratic Party. • The tea party is fighting to save the Constitution. If you think that's wrong, you might be the crazy radical.• It's apparent, the Charleston Police Department has no intention of enforcing the new law that bans talking and texting on your cellphone while driving.• Why would anybody think Republicans would stop fighting the Affordable Care Act? They are still trying to destroy the Social Security Act that was passed 75 years ago!• Would you buy a used car from Ted Cruz?• When, and if, Obamacare works as it is now presented to us, unread by our leaders and force-fed to the public, people will be ice-skating in Hades. What a mess from this inexperienced man and his corrupt cohorts. If my thoughts are wrong, it would be great . . .• I applaud any member of Congress -- of either party -- that places the will of their constituents and what is good for their state over the national party's agenda. That is what they are supposed to do, and I applaud them. Story Share Story Share Trending Now 1 Dozens go topless, braless in Charleston to normalize female bodies 2 Spirits maker Smooth Ambler aims to increase WV footprint during expansion 3 Richard Neely: What happens when people realize the US has no competent leader? 4 Talented freshman class boosts Poca's football chances 5 Charleston couple's engagement published in Kingsbury novel Readers' Voice: Oct. 18, 2013 Previous Story In the name of security, or fighting crime, Americans embrace un-American ideas Next Story


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Wrestling Forum: WWE, Impact Wrestling, Indy Wrestling, Women of Wrestling Forums (http://www.wrestlingforum.com/forumindex.php)
- Impact Wrestling (http://www.wrestlingforum.com/impact-wrestling/)
- - Reviving the X-Division (http://www.wrestlingforum.com/impact-wrestling/637969-reviving-x-division.html)
Reviving the X-Division
I think the X-Division has gotten stale and doesn't have the star power it once had. Austin Aries looked like a true champion basically due to a lack of competition and lack of personalities. Right now I think TNA needs to make some changes. The division basically consists of 3 people.
Zema Ion: They need to push him more as the kid who deliberately injured Jesse Sorenson and just didn't care.
Sonjay Dutt: He hasn't done anything for me since he's come back.
Kenny King: He's best suited for the tag team division.
I think TNA needs to add:
Damian Slater: The kid is gold down in Australia and unlike alot of indy darlings he would translate into the mainstream.
Fergal "Prince" Devitt: As his theme song proclaims "He's the best around"
Kenny Omega: One of the best performers in Japan.
Ricochet: He's a rehabilated spot monkey who is adding more actually wrestling moves to his arsenal.
Shawn Spears: He was great in OVW before they brought him into ECW as Gavin Spears and basically gave him nothing to work with, Good personality, mic skills and just a good all around heel.
Re: Reviving the X- Division
I would agree, the x-division needs to be brought back alive it would add way more to the show.
These are the people that should be on TNA's radar for the x-division:
Adam Cole: He is a real good heel and could be what the x-division needs to bring it back up.
Fergal Devitt
El Generico
Tommaso Ciampa
Sami Callihan
Chuck Taylor
AR Fox
Johnny Gargano
Akira Tozawa
Samuray Del Sol
Re: Reviving the X-Division
they need to bring back the Canadian destroyer Petey williams, Black Machismo Jay Leathel, Low Ki, Jack Evens, homicide, eric young (full time) ect
Re: Reviving the X-Division
this was one of the best x devision matches I've ever seen
Re: Reviving the X-Division
Prince Devitt - don't think they can afford him but obviously he has to be one of the very top targets for any X Division revamp. Pretty much the top junior heavyweight/cruiserweight in the world who hasn't had considerable North American exposure and would likely be over like a million bucks (i.e. rules out Japanese/Mexican workers, in general).
Low Ki - tremendous worker. He can do things that almost no-one else with national exposure can (or would be allowed to; see: Bryan Danielson). He can work cruiserweight, strong style, submissions etc. He's already been part of the X Division and could help redefine it all over.
AR Fox, Ricochet, and Jack Evans - I've placed these three together because I do consider them to be largely spot monkeys. There is room for that in the X Division however.
RVD, AJ Styles, Christopher Daniels, Austin Aries, Jeff Hardy - they're all with TNA, and are being pushed to varying degrees. I think with their status within the company (and, in the case of RVD and Hardy, worldwide name recognition) any one of these guys could have feuds within the X Division to elevate the division and the younger guys in it.
Dragon Gate - TNA would do well to poach guys from here from time to time, even just to keep the X Divsion roster fresh. Doi and Yoshino, for instance, have appeared in TNA before.
I should note that they completely missed the ball with PAC. He could have been such a star in the X Division.
If anyone can ever manage his clear mental problems, Teddy Hart.
And if they feel the need to do the whole WWF-fanboy recruitment policy, John Hennigan/Nitro/Morrison.
Re: Reviving the X-Division
I guess this is what you were trying to do.
Re: Reviving the X-Division
Yeah, that match was what really got me into TNA!
Dutt has really impressed me this time around. And King has a lot of potential. But a handful of guys does not a division make. They definitely need more. Low Ki is great, but doesn't he have quite a bad reputation backstage? I could be wrong, but I heard he's a bit of a nightmare to work with which is one of the reasons he doesn't get used much by TNA.
Re: Reviving the X-Division
Fergal Devitt and Kenny Omega are winning good $$$ in japan, there's no way in hell they are going to accept a shitty TNA undercard contract.
So if you want them prichard, you better show them the $$$.
Now with that being said OVW exists for a reason:
- Chris Silvio
- Sam Shaw
- Alex Silva
- Jamin Olivencia
Re: Reviving the X-Division
They definitely need some new talents to fill out the X Roster.
Re: Reviving the X-Division
One name yet to be mentioned : Rich Swann.
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Looking at the MBM621 modem, you'd be forgiven for thinking that it was just a wireless bridge. It's reasonably small and finished in the old lozenge Netgear style, rather than the angular design that the current crop of routers sport. On the front are status lights for an Ethernet connection and for an HSDPA sync, while at the rear you'll find a single Ethernet port, a power socket, the SIM slot and the antenna. The SIM slot is spring loaded, so you simply insert the SIM and it clicks into place, then press it again to eject it.
The beauty of this device is that there is no need for any type of driver or application on your PC or notebook. Yes the USB HSDPA modems are cool because they have all the software embedded on the device, but with this Netgear, there's no need for any software whatsoever. The most simple usage model is to run an Ethernet cable direct from the modem to your computer, and as far as your computer is concerned, it's directly connected to the Internet via its wired network adapter.
There is some configuration though - you'll need to put in the correct modem strings for your service provider. For me I simply looked at the Vodafone config file for the HSDPA modem embedded in my notebook and entered the data in the Netgear's config page. Accessing the modem is as simple as it is with any router - once you've connected it via Ethernet, you access the admin panel via a web browser. Since this was a pre-production sample, there was no manual with it, but it only took me a couple of minutes to figure out that the modem's IP was 192.168.2.1 and that the default admin login was "admin" with the password set to "password" - obviously you should change the latter as soon as possible.
But the Netgear HSDPA modem isn't just limited to a single computer connection, this baby can be used just like any other broadband modem, which means that it can be shared. So, if you didn't want to pay for BT line rental and a broadband package on top of that, you could simply get an HSDPA data SIM, slip it in the MBM621, then plug the Ethernet cable into the WAN port of your router. Hey presto, all the machines on your network will be able to connect to the Internet using HSDPA instead of ADSL or cable. Of course most HSDPA contracts have a download limit, but then so do most ADSL packages these days.
The best thing about the MBM621 is that you can use it as a backup for your broadband connection, which is ideal for small businesses that can't afford to have their broadband go down. If you install a router with two WAN ports, you can have your main ADSL or Cable modem as the main connection, then hook up the MBM621 as the secondary. With a setup like this, if your broadband connection goes down, your router will automatically switch to the MBM621 and get all the users on your network online via HSDPA. Plus, if you use a pay as you go HSDPA SIM, it won't cost you a thing while your broadband is working, then if it does go down, you'll simply pay for the data used over HSDPA until your ISP sorts itself out.
Netgear could still give me no launch date or pricing for the MBM621, but if it's not too expensive, this could be a real winner in both the small business and even consumer sectors. The latter could even give BT a bit of a kick, since many people I know, including myself only have a landline for broadband.


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Home > Quotes > Psychology > Persuasion > Anyone/thing
Get Anyone to Do Anything David J. Lieberman
1. Law of Association : By pairing yourself with pleasurable stimuli another person will begin to associate you with this feeling.
2. Repeat Exposure: The more you interact with someone, the more he or she will like you.
3. Reciprocal Affection: We tend to like more those who like us. When we find out that someone thinks well of us, we in turn are unconsciously driven to find him or her more likable as well. Therefore, let your target know that you like and respect them.
* Gradual liking is more effective than instant friendship. To engage the law of reciprocal affection gradually let it be known that you are fond of this person.
4. Similarities: Talk about what you both enjoy and what you have in common.
5. How You Make Them Feel: Being the person who makes people feel good will go a long way toward their finding you quite likable.
6. Rapport: Matching posture & movements. If he makes a gesture with his hand, after a moment and without being obvious, you casually make the same gesture. Matching speech. Try to match his rate of speech.
7. Helping Her Out: We like someone more after doing something nice for them.
Let him do a simple favour for you, but make sure that it's not out of a sense of obligation.
8. He's Only Human: When you want to be seen as more likable, do something embarrassing and smile at yourself.
*The bragging, arrogant person is really a person who feels small inside and we are often instinctively uninterested and unattracted to this person. The one who is confident and secure is the one who is apt to laugh at his own mistakes and is not afraid to let people know that he is human.
9. Positive Attitude
Have a positive mental attitude. We are drawn to people who are excited, passionate and happy about life and being alive.
1. Emotional Arousal
Anytime a person is aroused, such as with scary movies, amusement park rides or even physical exercise, his arousal will in part be attributed to whomever he is with.
2. Walking Styles
People react more favorably to those whose walking style seems youthful. Flexibility determines youthful gait. Yoga will greatly improve your flexibility and make a dramatic difference in your overall posture, walking style and attractiveness.
3. Gazing into a Person's Eyes
The act of simply looking into another's eyes for only a few moments was enough for them to produce passionate feelings for each other. Look into her eyes when speaking as well as listening.
4. The Laws of Contrast and Association
When you want someone to find you attractive your best bet is to meet this person initially by yourself or accompanied by someone attractive of the opposite sex.
We judge people in contrast to other people.
Do not find yourself in the company of members of the same sex who are more attractive then you are.
Try also not to be in the company of terribly unattractive people—the law of association means we tend to see a group as a whole and not the individuals.
*The law of association takes precedence over the law of contrast when the members of the group are more different than similar.
5. Self-Esteem and Attraction
When the person is feeling less than good about herself, be flirtatious and friendly. The caveat here is the law of human nature that says people want what they can't have and they like more what they have to work for. Be interested and attentive but not overly so.
6. Reciprocal Liking
Not only do we like those who like us, but we're also more attracted to people once we learn that they are attracted to us.
III. First Impressions
–Our first impression of someone is crucial because everything we see and hear afterward gets filtered through our initial opinion.
–You create an image of the person right when you meet him and you see his subsequent behaviours through this image.
*If you did something incredibly inappropriate or stupid, do not try to defend your behaviour. There's only one thing that will work: the phrase, "I feel embarrassed." This accomplishes three things:
1. It shows you know what you did was wrong, which means you're unlikely to do it again.
2. It shows you're human and people like us more when we acknowledge something stupid and embarrassing and then take responsibility for it.
3. It shows complete honesty—and who doesn't want to deal with an honest person?
IV. Instant Advantage in Every Relationship
1. Availability
That which is plentiful is often under-appreciated and that which is rare is held in high regard and considered valuable.
Once you move past the liking stage (meaning the person is already fond of you) and the relationship unfolds into something more serious, you then want to limit your availability.
People want what they can't have and they want more of what they have to work for.
*We are often most comfortable with those of similar levels of attractiveness.
2. Perspective
Find meaning in your life outside the relationship so this person doesn't become your whole world.
3. Passion
Create an element of uncertainty or you will lose the passion that drives the relationship. Without some doubt there is feeling that "you will always be there."
But you, in your relationship, can within a second reignite the passion by introducing the element of doubt.
4. How You Make Them Feel
Saying how much you like this person makes you lose leverage and telling her she's a likable and great person. Merely stating that somebody is terrific makes her feel great and makes you look great. It's a winning combination because it's only the confident person who tells another how wonderful and terrific she is.
*Fastest way to lose leverage:
Make yourself completely available
Have no perspective
Remove all doubt
Be uncomplimentary
V. Get Anyone to See You as Pure Gold
*If you don't place a value on yourself, someone else will.
*To get the best deal, finest advantage and greatest edge ask for the moon and settle for the stars.
*Everything in life is subjective.
1. There is no absolute truth and opinions tend to become facts in most new situations. All other information is filtered through.
2. To give yourself or anything else instant worth in negotiations start off very high, even if it's a little unreasonable. This is important because you will set the tone.
1. You also don't want to be ridiculously high because you want to be taken seriously.
3. The first one to place value on it establishes his work.
*Even if you think they can't afford to pay you that much, you're now negotiating from a very high starting point—one that you've established. In the end you can charge them much less and they will be elated because they are not getting a $500-a-day photographer. No, they're getting a $3,000-a-day photographer for a mere $500!
VI. Appear Calm, Confident and in Control in Any Situation
*People with OCD, panic attacks and anxiety attacks may find relief in a low-carbohydrate diet. By keeping blood sugar levels steady, anxiety-based symptoms can be greatly alleviated.
*Two signs saying a person is nervous:
1. Not smiling
2. Not breathing regularly and deeply
* You can tell if a person is not breathing regularly because every now and again he'll take a very deep breath to get oxygen in quickly.
*Long-term emotional balance and calm, try yoga or some type of stretching.
*Don't overlook the powerful physiological influence of blood sugar levels. Avoid engaging in fight-or-flight response by avoiding sugars and refined carbohydrates.
*Smile. The act of smiling makes you feel more relaxed and calm.
*Breathe deeply. This instantly relaxes the central nervous system and calms your nerves.
VII. Six Points to See if Someone is a True Friend
1. Interest. How interested is the person in your life.
–Tell her about something significant going on in your life and see if she asks about it. If she doesn't, hint about it and see if she recalls the conversation
2. Loyalty. True friends know the value of trust in a relationship.
–Tell a secret about a mutual friend and see if it gets back to him or her.
3. Pride. Friends are proud of your accomplishments. Real friends congratulate you on good news; they don't only console you over bad news.
4. Honesty. True friends tell you the things you don't want to hear even if they know it may make you angry with them.
5. Respect. Tell her there's something exciting (good) going on in your life but you absolutely prefer not to talk about it right now. See if she presses you on it.
–There's a difference between curiosity and concern.
–It has to be something good because if it's negative then a good friend would press right away out of concern.
6. Sacrifice. Will she give up something to make you happy? Who decides what to do? Is the word "compromise" in her vocabulary?
*If she passes four of the six tests, you've probably got a good friend.
*It's best to review this criteria over a long period of time, as anyone can have a self-absorbed day/week.
VIII. Spotting a False Alibi with One Question
*Use a conundrum: simply introduce a piece of evidence and see how he handles it. Make sure he would have direct knowledge of what you're talking about. Make sure that this evidence is plausible but not true. If he's fast with the correct response, he's telling the truth. If he hesitates, changes the subject or gives the wrong answer, he's lying.
IX. How to Tell if Someone is Trying to Manipulate You
1. Guilt: How can you say that? I'm hurt that you wouldn't trust me.
2. Intimidation: What's the matter, can't you make a decision? Don't you have enough confidence in yourself to do this?
3. Appeal to Ego: I can see that you're a smart person. I wouldn't try to put anything past you. How could I? You'd be on to me in a second.
4. Fear: You know, you might just lose this whole thing. I sure hope you know what you're doing…This is your last shot at making things work out; why do you want to risk losing out on being happy?
5. Curiosity: Look, you only live once. Try it.
6. Our Desire to be Liked: I thought you were a real player. So did everybody else.
7. Love: If you love me you wouldn't question me.
*How to Tell if a Person's Bluffing in Any Situation
–He's trying to create a false impression intended to disguise his true belief.
–People who bluff generally overcompensate in either direction.
–A person who has high self-esteem and confidence in himself is not the one showing the world how great he is.
*How to See Through People: Two Minutes to Get Anyone to Reveal What They're Really Up To
–Ask a question that does not accuse the person of anything but alludes to it.
Examples: Woman suspects her husband is having an affair. "I think my boss may be having an affair with his secretary." Observe the reaction—If he asks questions and becomes interested in the conversation she can be reasonably sure that he's not doing the same thing. If he becomes uncomfortable and changes the subject then it's likely he's engaged in a similar behaviour.
Another guilty response is to become uncomfortable and then assure you he'd never do anything like that.
*Get Anyone to Say What He's Really Thinking
–Two main psychological tactics at work here are consistency (humans have a need for continuity with their thinking) and expectancy (people often do what is expected of them).
–Instead of saying, 'What didn't you like about it?' ask, 'How would you have done it?'
X. Take Control of Any Situation and Get Anyone to Do Anything
–Most people want to help; it makes them feel good to do for others
A. Get Anyone to Take Immediate Action in Any Situation
1. Limit Options—narrow someone's options before you present them to him. Fewer choices mean that he will make a decision faster and be less likely to dwell on it afterward.
2. Give a Deadline—this fulfills three separate psychological motivations for fostering action
1. A task will expand or contract depending upon how much time you allow for it
2. By letting an individual know that he may not get the opportunity to act in future, you create an incentive towards moving now.
3. Human beings respond to that which is scarce and becoming scarcer.
3. Use the Law of Inertia
1. When someone is presented with a small request and subsequently does it, he is infinitely more likely to agree to a larger request—the thing that we wanted him to do in the first place—what we really wanted him to do. However if he is not first presented with, and subsequently doesn't complete, the smaller request, then he has no unconscious motivation for consistency.
4. Expectation
1. The Law of expectation states that people will do what you expect them to do. Speak and act directly, clearly and confidently.
2. Also, take the appropriate corresponding physical action e.g. moving towards the door, picking up a pen or dialling the phone.
5. Processing Information
1. If you want someone to take immediate action, you're going to show him that it's simple and easy.
2. If you want to discourage a behaviour, you need only stretch out the number of steps into a long, boring and arduous process.
6. Additional Incentive
1. and small additional benefit that the person gets for taking action now e.g. We can get ice cream. We'll go to dinner afterward, I'll have a loaner car for you.
B. Get Anyone to Take Your Advice
–Appeal to a person's emotions in your attempt to persuade. No matter how rational and logical your argument is, if you do not arouse emotion you will have great difficulty influencing him.
Four Other Psychological Factors
People tend to respond more favourably to solutions if they believe the plan came from them.
Let him know too that this new way of thinking is really consistent with who he is. Remind him of other things he's done that are consistent with this current belief or action.
Best ways of offering advice is to let the person know that you don't believe you have all the answers. You'll be perceived as infinitely more credible and sincere.
Enthusiasm is contagious. The more excited you are about what you're saying the more excited he will become about it
–The name given to this is called reactance and it occurs when we feel that someone is trying to limit our freedom. It can be so powerful that Rhodewalt and Davison (1983) found that people may do the opposite of what you are asking—just because of reactance.
–Ninety percent of the decisions we make are based on emotion. We then use logic to justify our actions. You must arouse emotions in your attempt to persuade.
Offer a specific game plan with a clear-cut course of action for proceeding.
Add to this how your idea will prevent negative or unpleasant consequences. This is more effective than explaining what someone will gain by listening to you.
C. Get Anyone to Follow Through on a Commitment to You
–most effective psychological tool is to let him know that you believe that he is the type of person who does follow through.
–these comments address someone's actions not her identity and force her ego to come up with reasons to justify her behaviour, not to change it.
— "Isn't it amazing how some people don't know the definition of the word friendship?"
–To override this thinking (when you think it may be a problem) you just need to include the phrase, "I know you could have got out of it if you wanted to." This is because when we volunteer, cognitive dissonance is reduced with the continuing thought that "I must really want to be doing this."
To find out if someone is sincere
"What would have to happen for this not to work out?"
–His entire line of thought is not on why he wouldn't do something but on why he would. Answering clearly what would prevent him from accomplishing his objective requires that he would first have to have true intentions of doing it.
–You should expect a fast "nothing" or a reasonable obstacle—something specific beyond his control.
–If you ask Jake what would prevent him from marrying his girlfriend next year and he says, 'I don't know…if things change…or something.' Jake is not committed.


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As of 2013, the 10 ASEAN nations had a total of over 700 million mobile subscriptions, with the CAGR from 2003-2013 reaching 24%. This Digitimes Research Special Report analyzes the various mobile broadband markets in ASEAN and looks at the respective trends in 4G LTE development for those markets.
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Labour and the Conservatives will seek to recapture the political agenda today as Tory defector Douglas Carswell returns to Parliament as Ukip s first directly-elected MP.
Both parties are attempting to halt the Ukip juggernaut after being left bruised at the hands of the Eurosceptics in last week s by-elections.
Conservative Boris Johnson has underlined his calls for Britain to be ready to quit the European Union and demanded curbs on freedom of movement as he made his pitch to win back disaffected voters.
In his regular column for the Daily Telegragh, the Mayor of London wr ote: It is only reasonable for us to have some kind of further protections - involving points or even quotas, agreed with business - so that we can manage this pressure.
It would be madness to close our borders to talent; but it is also madness to continue with a system that means we have no idea how many are coming or what burdens they may place on the state.
Only David Cameron can conceivably deliver those changes, since he is the only leader who can lead reform of the EU. That is the point I hope the kippers (Ukip) will recognise in May next year. And the rest of us should recognise, in turn, that the kippers aren t wicked. They don t hate immigrants; they just hate the lack of control of immigration.
Ed Miliband will face restive backbenchers at a meeting of the Parliamentary Labour Party tonight after his party came within a whisker of losing the Heywood and Middleton by-election.
Deputy leader Harriet Harman insisted there was no wobble in the Labour ranks and denied a leadership change would be required despite concerns about how voters view the party.
Meanwhile, Nigel Farage has said Ukip would prop up a minority Conservative government if the Tories agreed to a swift and fair referendum on Britain s membership of the European Union.
The Ukip leader accused David Cameron of trying to kick the national vote, planned for 2017 if the Tories win outright next May, into the long grass .
But the anti-Brussels party would agree to a confidence and supply arrangement - where it backs or abstains on budget and legislative programme votes - with a minority Conservative government in return for a full referendum in July next year.
Mr Farage told BBC1 s Sunday Politics: The price would be a full, free and fair referendum on our continued membership of the European Union, the opportunity to get our country back, and for that to happen quickly.
The next by-election battle, which will be fought in Rochester and Strood, could lead to either Mr Cameron and Mr Miliband being ousted if their parties are given a further drubbing, he claimed.
Pressed on who he would prefer to be prime minister after the general election, Mr Farage told the programme: Ask me that after the Rochester by-election because I think there is a possibility that one or both of those leaders may not be leading their parties in to the next general election.
Clacton victor Mr Carswell has insisted the party is on course for victory in the Kent seat being fought by fellow Tory defector Mark Reckless, adding the win would fundamentally change British politics.
Recent polling has put the Eurosceptics nine points ahead and Mr Carswell said it felt a little bit like Clacton .
He told BBC1 s Andrew Marr Show: I think things are looking OK there. If we can win there then I think things are looking fundamentally different.
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About MeHello! I am Lauren. Modelling has always been something that I enjoyed doing. Working together with talented Photographers and artists of all kind to create a beautiful photo is an amazing experience.
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WWE: A Strong Response
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Making James Ellsworth GET MY BAGS
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Re: WWE: A Strong Response
Bradley's Smackdown Review:
MVP getting a bit of time to talk is very nice to see but the British troops line sounded very corny and forced to get heat. I think we can all see where this is leading going in to 'Mania but you are making it very interesting and this looks like it could be a very good feud judging from what I have seen the past few weeks. I like the way you have been gradually pushing MVP over the last months and now it is his time to hit the big time but I hope it is a DQ finish otherwise you could hurt MVP's credibility.
I thought Chris Harris was Bret Hart then, thanks for getting my hopes up...
Edge is on top form again, you can write him extremely well and I like that a lot. The heartbreaker line was very clever but I don't know exactly how Edge can call HBK over the hill when he has been here a good ten years so please don't do a new breed storyline as that would kill it but I would seriously mark if someone had the balls to have a heel champion walk out of 'Mania.
I like the Masters of the Mat name. Shame the Cruiserweights jobbed once again but you are really making Haas and Masters look strong and once again you are doing a great job of building teams up and I see them getting the tag straps soon. The Haas of Pain is also being built up as a match-ending move which it wasn't before which is a better move than his German Suplex pin.
It looks like you have a fantastic tag division once again. Morrison and Miz were extremely arrogant here and their characters were spot on but a GM should NEVER panic, it shows weakness and you don't want that if you are in a high position like Regal is but I am intrigued to see where this leads to now as the tag division could become very unpredictable but don't make a 24 man tag match for 'Mania!
The Harris/Finlay match needed more description in my opinion because you have given it come intricate build but it was very physical and the ending was very good with Finlay trying to hit him with the shillelagh and Harris had to go over, being the newcomer but I guess it was a little clichéd.
I am liking the storyline with people being agitated with Regal but finally Shelton got his comeuppance with a match against the Undertaker but I am guessing it will be really good.
Ahhh the traditional UK match from the UK crowd. They make really great tag champs and it was probably better that is was back and forth instead of the British dominate and win scenario we normally see so that was a neat twist on things. The Pitbulls interfering was inevitable but I really don't know where you can go from here.
Why did MVP only get one move in? That wasn't exactly the best way to get MVP in to the main event scene but he seemed arrogant throughout the recap. Batista looked to be going through his 2 movez of doom!!! But MVP made this match, walking out on Batista, it didn't prove he has 'it' but MVP certainly has a bright future under you but I don't know why Batista didn't chase after him.
I liked this long promo from the 4 men. A tirade of insults were thrown about but I would have liked a mass brawl at the end because it all seemed very anti-climatic and wasn't really fitting to the situation and they obviously have a deep hatred for each other. I liked the fact Dykstra is a marked man and it is obvious we will see a fatal 4 way match, or a singles match for the title at 'Mania, I honestly think Chavo will face him.
I really would like to see who Hardy is facing at 'Mania, probably Benjamin by the looks of things which definitely isn't bad.
Nice to see a routine victory for Michaels and it was fairly obvious he was going to win so no shock there at all. He says he is Mr. Wrestlemania every year but hasn't he lost 6 or 7 matches in his career at 'Mania? He's lost at least 4.
I would have liked to have seen more action in that match and Benjamin at least getting some fightback but that would have been a touchy subject if he would have given Undertaker too much fight. Umaga comes down and dominates 'Taker- love it! Someone finally has the cojones to have someone dominate the Deadman not once, but twice! A bit obvious what the outcome will be for 'Mania (unless you want to shock me)
A very, very solid show, at times it seemed like you wanted to fit too much in with 6 matches with a total time of 55 minutes, maybe a little too much but I loved the Umaga section at the end, the tag and CW situation. I still want to see some direction for Batista heading in to 'Mania.
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The world seems to be slowly but surely moving towards a time when we will all be able to communicate and understand each other without the need for muddled sign language or rifling through dog-earred dictionaries. A few weeks ago we had the stunning Word Lens make an appearance and today Google has announced an improved Translate app for Android which, as we reported last year, includes Conversation Mode.
Conversation Mode, which Google says is still an "experimental feature", is a new interface within Google Translate which will "allow you to communicate fluidly with a nearby person in another language." It is a bold claim and is currently limited to translating between English and Spanish (similar to the limitations of Word Lens) but there is no doubt that this is a huge step forward towards a universal language translator. While you currently have to press submit between each sentence, Google's Eric Schmidt has said the feature should work in real time within 18 months.
To use the function, in conversation mode, simply press the microphone for your language and start speaking. Google Translate will translate your speech and read the translation out loud. Your conversation partner can then respond in their language, and you'll hear the translation spoken back to you. Because this technology is still in alpha, factors like regional accents, background noise or rapid speech may make it difficult to understand what you're saying.
Google Translate was first launched in 2010 and currently supports 53 languages and is in daily use in 150 countries around the globe. Among the other improvements included in this update of the Translate app are better dropdown boxes to help select the languages you want to translate from and into, an improved input box, and cleaner icons and layout. You can download the app now for free from the Marketplace as long as you are running Android 2.1 or higher.
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1Department of Biology, Merrimack College, 2Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, Merrimack College, 3Department of Technology R&D, Nexcelom Bioscience LLC
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Here, we demonstrate how image cytometry can be used for quantification of pathogenic fungi in association with host cells in culture. This technique can be used as an alternative to CFU enumeration.
Date Published: 6/19/2013, Issue 76; doi: 10.3791/50599
Keywords: Infection, Issue 76, Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Medicine, Immunology, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Genetics, Pathology, Mycology, Bacteria, Macrophages, Fungi, Candida, Candida albicans, yeast, Histoplasma, Image cytometry, macrophage, fungus, propidium iodide, acridine orange, Cellometer Vision, cell, imaging, cell culture
Berkes, C., Chan, L. L., Wilkinson, A., Paradis, B. Use of Image Cytometry for Quantification of Pathogenic Fungi in Association with Host Cells. J. Vis. Exp. (76), e50599, doi:10.3791/50599 (2013).
Studies of the cellular pathogenesis mechanisms of pathogenic yeasts such as Candida albicans, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Cryptococcus neoformans commonly employ infection of mammalian hosts or host cells (i.e. macrophages) followed by yeast quantification using colony forming unit analysis or flow cytometry. While colony forming unit enumeration has been the most commonly used method in the field, this technique has disadvantages and limitations, including slow growth of some fungal species on solid media and low and/or variable plating efficiencies, which is of particular concern when comparing growth of wild-type and mutant strains. Flow cytometry can provide rapid quantitative information regarding yeast viability, however, adoption of flow cytometric detection for pathogenic yeasts has been limited for a number of practical reasons including its high cost and biosafety considerations. Here, we demonstrate an image-based cytometric methodology using the Cellometer Vision (Nexcelom Bioscience, LLC) for the quantification of viable pathogenic yeasts in co-culture with macrophages. Our studies focus on detection of two human fungal pathogens: Histoplasma capsulatum and Candida albicans. H. capsulatum colonizes alveolar macrophages by replicating within the macrophage phagosome, and here, we quantitatively assess the growth of H. capsulatum yeasts in RAW 264.7 macrophages using acridine orange/propidium iodide staining in combination with image cytometry. Our method faithfully recapitulates growth trends as measured by traditional colony forming unit enumeration, but with significantly increased sensitivity. Additionally, we directly assess infection of live macrophages with a GFP-expressing strain of C. albicans. Our methodology offers a rapid, accurate, and economical means for detection and quantification of important human fungal pathogens in association with host cells.
Studies of pathogenic fungi in association with their hosts and/or host cells often require quantification of viable fungal cells over a time course or under different infection conditions. Enumeration of colony forming units (CFU) is the standard method by which the number of viable fungal cells has been measured, however, this technique has several drawbacks and limitations. First, many fungal species are slow-growing. Growth of visible colonies on solid media can take 1-2 weeks, significantly slowing the pace of research. Second, manipulation of samples during CFU plating is a laborious process, since several dilutions must be plated to ensure a countable number of colonies. Third, the number of CFU is typically lower than the number of viable organisms plated because the plating efficiency is well below 100%. For example, plating efficiencies for the dimorphic fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum can be as high as 90%, but are routinely as low as 30% and are even lower (10%) for the related fungal dimorph Paracoccidioides brasiliensis 1, 2. Plating efficiency for Candida albicans is also subject to variability 3. Finally, CFU analysis accounts for only live and actively dividing cells capable of establishing growth on solid media, whereas in many situations, it would be useful to determine the presence and concentration of dead and/or metabolically inactive cells.
Previously, flow cytometric methods for quantification of several pathogenic fungal species has been described 4-6. However, due to biosafety containment issues involved with using biosafety level 2 (BSL2) or BSL3-level pathogens on shared flow cytometers, adoption of this technique has been limited. Like flow cytometry, image cytometry is a sensitive and rapid method of cell quantification. However, image cytometry can be performed at a fraction of the cost with comparable results 7-11. Here, we describe methods for performing image cytometry of pathogenic fungi in association with host cells. We demonstrate our methods using two human fungal pathogens: Histoplasma capsulatum and Candida albicans. H. capsulatum is a dimorphic fungal pathogen that causes respiratory disease; in humans, it grows as budding yeast and replicates within alveolar macrophages. Candida albicans is a human commensal species that occasionally causes candidiasis. We show that image cytometry allows rapid quantification of these yeasts, together with visualization capability.
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1. Infection of Macrophages with H. capsulatum, C. albicans
2. Macrophage Lysis
3. CFU Plating
4. Visualization of Fungi within Live Macrophages
5. Sample Preparation for Image Cytometric Analysis
6. Cellometer Instrument Setup
7. Cellometer Software Setup
8. Image Acquisition Procedure
9. Image Data Analysis
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We used the Cellometer Vision image cytometer to monitor growth of H. capsulatum in macrophage cells. RAW 264.7 cells were infected with H. capsulatum yeast cells and at various time points, samples were subjected to AO/PI staining followed by image-based cytometric analysis. In parallel, samples were analyzed by traditional CFU enumeration. At each time point, samples were incubated in water to lyse macrophages, and the liberated yeast cells were identified by the Cellometer Vision software (Figures 1a and 1b). We observe highly comparable trends in the concentration of viable yeasts as detected by image-based cytometric analysis and CFU enumeration at each time point (Figure 1c). As expected, the absolute number of live yeasts detected by AO/PI staining was consistently higher than the number of yeasts capable of colony formation on solid medium as assessed by CFU analysis, highlighting significant numbers of viable but non-cultivatable cells.
Visualization of fungal cells within live macrophages can be accomplished using GFP-expressing yeast strains. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were infected with C. albicans yeast cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of the ADH1 promoter 12 (Figure 2a). Infection of BMDM with GFP-C. albicans yeasts at multiplicities of infection (MOI) ranging from 0.1-10 corresponded to incremental increases in GFP intensity within infected macrophages (Figure 2a) as well as total percentage of infected macrophages (Figure 2b).
Figure 1. Comparison of image-based cytometric analysis to CFU enumeration of H. capsulatum during in vitro infection of RAW 264.7 macrophages. (a) RAW 264.7 macrophages were infected with H. capsulatum yeasts at an MOI of 0.2. At 24 hr intervals following infection, macrophages were lysed and viable yeasts assessed by AO/PI staining in parallel with CFU enumeration. (b) Representative brightfield (BR) and FL1/FL2 (green/red) combined images of AO/PI stained H. capsulatum released from lysed RAW 264.7 macrophages. A segmenting algorithm counted only AO and PI positive yeasts in the fluorescent images while the large PI-stained RAW 264.7 macrophages (red) are excluded. Images were captured under 10X magnification (c) Direct comparison of yeast proliferation as assessed by AO/PI staining and CFU enumeration. Linear regression analysis of the growth trends as measured by CFU and Cellometer analysis yield R2=0.9927. Click here to view larger figure.
Figure 2. Quantification of BMDM infection with a GFP-expressing strain of C. albicans. (a) Captured brightfield (BR) (top) and fluorescent (middle) images of GFP-C. albicans infected BMDMs at increasing MOI. Histograms of fluorescence intensities show an increase in GFP fluorescence intensity as the MOI increases, which represents an increase in the number C. albicans associated with BMDM cells (bottom). The software identified infected BMDMs based on application of a linear marker at the baseline fluorescence intensity displayed by the uninfected control population (MOI = 0). (b) Percent infection as a function of MOI, which shows an increase in infected BMDMs as MOI increases. Click here to view larger figure.
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Image cytometry allows the user to capture high quality images and, using specialized software, perform rapid quantification of cells. One potential challenge to the adoption of image cytometry in the field of microbial pathogenesis is that the microbes to be counted are present in a mixed population of cells, including mammalian host cells. Here, we demonstrate that image cytometry can be used for the quantification of viable pathogenic yeasts during in vitro macrophage infection. Our methodology not only faithfully recapitulates trends in fungal growth and viability observed during in vitro macrophage infection assays, but also displays improved sensitivity compared to the traditional CFU assay 13.
Image cytometry offers several practical advantages when compared with either CFU enumeration or flow cytometry for quantification of yeast cells. When plating CFUs, laboratory workers must plate several dilutions in order to ensure a countable number of cells on each plate, which can be very labor-intensive. Image cytometry eliminates the need for multiple dilutions. Previously, we have shown that colony formation on solid media is often variable, and at very low concentrations fungi may fail to form colonies at all, whereas image cytometry enables enumeration of cells regardless of concentration 13. The ability to detect and count fungi at very low concentrations can be very useful during early stages of a low-dose infection, or during clearance, when numbers and viability may be at the margin of detection. Additionally, data generated by image cytometry are available instantly, whereas colonies may take several days to become visible. While many fungal species can be detected by flow cytometry, the possibility of cross-contamination is a concern in shared facilities. The counting chamber used in this study offers a significant advantage in terms of biosafety, as it is disposable and self-contained. Furthermore, image cytometry offers the practical advantages of lower price and a smaller footprint when compared with conventional flow cytometry, which can be important for smaller research laboratories 11.
In addition to its practical advantages, image cytometry of yeast cells provides information that CFU enumeration cannot. First, CFU enumeration is only able to detect fungi that are able to establish colony growth on the medium chosen, which may not accurately represent the number of viable fungi present in an infection experiment in real time. Also, the ability to establish colony growth on solid media can differ when comparing wild-type and mutant strains of fungi, which can be a source of experimental bias 14, and these hidden biases may be revealed by comparison of image cytometry and CFU quantification of wild-type and mutant strains. Once the behavior of a particular strain has been characterized by both CFU enumeration and image cytometry, we believe that image cytometry can be used as an alternative means of fungal quantification.
One limitation of image cytometry in general is that it does not allow collection of as many data points as flow cytometry. Since the image cytometer derives quantitative data from a limited number of captured images, it is difficult for the system to collect data on hundreds of thousands to millions of cells per sample. However, this limitation may be circumvented by grouping multiple samples into one set of data for analysis in order to reach similar data points as a flow cytometer. We would also like to stress that the AO/PI staining method used here represents one way of measuring of cellular viability, and does not necessarily indicate cellular vitality and/or the ability to establish growth on solid medium in any given sample. Therefore, while our method provides a facile method of live/dead quantification of yeasts, it will also be interesting to investigate the use of image cytometry in combination with cellular metabolism indicators such as FUN-1 15.
Image cytometry software identifies and counts cells of interest based on size and shape, and therefore, it is absolutely critical that these parameters are set carefully during each experiment. When performing image cytometry with a new yeast strain, we suggest that one first compare data generated from a pure yeast culture to data generated from counting a mixture of yeasts plus host cells to ensure that the parameters are set such that the software can distinguish between the two cell types.
In the future, this work will be the basis for further development of methods to detect and quantify microbes via image cytometry. For example, development of image cytometric methods to detect fungi within organ homogenates will be of great use in the field. Another future challenge will be to develop and refine image cytometric methods and software such that it can be used for quantification of bacterial cells. With the advancement in optical systems, digital cameras, and a wide variety of fluorescent stains in the field, the ability to image and analyze bacteria population can be implemented in image cytometers, which can provide a more rapid method for concentration and viability or vitality measurement in comparison to the CFU or optical density methods. In summary, the work presented here is a proof-of-concept showing that image cytometry is a sensitive method for quantification of pathogenic yeasts. The sophistication of image-based cytometric analysis software offers the opportunity to analyze interactions between host cells and pathogenic fungi in a highly quantitative manner. This technology may be adapted to address a range of research questions in the field of fungal pathogenesis.
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The authors Leo Li-Ying Chan and Benjamin Paradis are employees of Nexcelom Bioscience LLC.
|Catalog Number
|Life Technologies
|Fetal Bovine Serum
|Life Technologies
|AO/PI Solution
|Nexcelom Bioscience
|Disposable Counting Chamber
|Nexcelom Bioscience
|Cellometer Vision
|Nexcelom Bioscience
|Cellometer Vision Software
|Nexcelom Bioscience
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News Archive
The most important thing to note about The Lord of The Rings - The Fellowship of The Rings
is that it is based on the book, not the movie. If you go in thinking the game is based
on the movie you can plan on spending a good chunk of the game wondering where in the world
some of the various baddies are coming from. The box claims that this is the "Official Game"
"based on the literary works of J.R.R. Tolkien." In all practicality, that and the games
loyalty to the story line of the book are its most impressive features. Take away that
factor and you have a relatively bland game with no original concepts and pretty much
mediocre everything. I am not saying the game was horrible or anything, just that at
no point are you going to sitting there playing and go "Cool, I've never seen that before."
It just will not happen.
Throughout the game you play one of three main characters. Those are Frodo, Gandalf,
and Aragon. Each character has a few unique characteristics that are
supposed to give you an edge in certain situations. Frodo, for instance, can sneak,
throw stones, jump, and he possesses the One Ring. Sneaking is only useful at the
very beginning of the game and the stones are not much use any where. Jumping comes in
handy a few times. Apparently, wizards and rangers are incapable of jumping even the
smallest obstacle. I only used the One Ring twice in the entire game. Gandalf has
a handful of spells, though I primarily used the fireball spell and the healing spell.
Aragon has an array of different fighting methods and the use of a bow.
The game starts you out in the Shire. I'm guessing that the original game designers
built the Shire level first then decided to drop a few concepts they introduced
there as the game progressed through development. As Frodo, you have a purity
level depicting how corrupted he has been by the ring. In the Shire you are given
several little mini quests. When completed, these quests give you more purity.
However, once you leave the Shire, the game completely drops that concept and the
game becomes all but a linear slash and dash game. After the first level with Aragon,
you path is all but set for you. The quests get simpler and simpler as the game progresses.
By the time the game ends, the quests are mostly along the lines of "Continue forward
movement." There are a few mazes in the game, but they are nothing complex.
One may get the impression that the release date of this game was pushed up,
and development rushed, in order to get it out in time to tap in to the market
created by the release of the movie.
Like I said, this game isn't horrible. The graphics are up to par with your average
PS2 game. This is not a time consuming game. In fact, I would recommend that anyone
wanting to play this game go and rent it. You can finish this game in a weekend, easy.
The soundtrack is nothing spectacular, and primarily provides simple background music.
A funny thing though, the game comes with a copy of the soundtrack on CD so that you can
listen to it while your not playing the game. I'm not sure where they were going with
that one. Controls are simple and easy to pick up. The combat engine will not surprise you.
Just slash, slash, block and you will be fine.
Any fan of the books will definitely enjoy this game. Anyone having no knowledge of the
books or having not at least seen the movie will most likely be disappointed. I'm giving
this game a 6 out of 10, subtracting most of the points for generic blandness and adding a few for book loyalty.
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Economic Development
The Competition for Jobs
When Boeing announced it had chosen North Charleston, S.C., as the location for its second "final assembly site" for the new 787 Dreamliner, Jim Albaugh,...
When Boeing announced it had chosen North Charleston, S.C., as the location for its second "final assembly site" for the new 787 Dreamliner, Jim Albaugh, president and CEO of the firm's commercial airline division, used classic corporate-speak to describe it as a move that would build "synergies," strengthen "competitiveness" and add "sustainability" to one of the largest manufacturing firms in the country and leader in aviation technology. Nothing was said about the millions of dollars in loans the company received from South Carolina as part of the arrangement; the transfer of hundreds of jobs from a high-wage, union-friendly state to one where labor marches to a different drummer; or the fact that two states were competing fiercely for Boeing's highly prized tech jobs.
The latest move was simply an extension of the company's apparent long-term strategy of migrating significant portions of its core manufacturing away from Washington State. After all, Boeing Charleston already performed fabrication, assembly and systems installation for the new 787 aft fuselage sections. And across the street, Global Aeronautica, 50 percent of which is owned by Boeing, was already joining and integrating aft fuselage sections of 787s from other structural partners. And of course, the company's corporate headquarters is now located in Chicago.
By Nov. 20, 2009, Boeing was already breaking ground on construction for the second final assembly at the Charleston facility. And it soon became apparent that there was more than simple synergy at work here. Early this year, South Carolina lawmakers approved more than $270 million in state bonds to lend to Boeing so it could finance building the new assembly line in North Charleston. This was reportedly the most the state has ever borrowed for an industrial prospect, but was necessary to move the Palmetto State out of recession, according to Senate Finance Committee Chairman Hugh Leatherman, who argues that the state needed to make this kind of investment to attract "world-class blue-chip companies like Boeing" that could then create much-needed jobs: the kind of high-skilled assembly work that has been a stronghold in Washington, until recently.
State legislators in Washington are certainly not taking lightly what some might regard as "incentive warfare" among states to attract big business activities. In mid-January, in what some regarded as a relatively lame measure, lawmakers introduced HB 2833, which sought to require any firm that received aerospace tax incentives (read: Boeing) to periodically reaffirm their commitment to the economic well-being of Washington.
At the same time, the state tried to downplay the latest migration of aviation jobs. Rogers Weed, director of Washington's Department of Commerce, described the 800 jobs that will move to South Carolina as insignificant when compared to the 70,000 aerospace employees who are still employed in Washington. "I think people who say the sky is falling and Washington state is going to be out of the aerospace business anytime soon are overstating the situation," he said. But Weed, the state Legislature and the governor recognize that the latest Boeing decision indicates change for the state's aerospace industry. And the small size of the move doesn't mitigate that state competition for jobs and economic development is fierce as ever.
Last year, Wyoming Gov. Dave Freudenthal reminded lawmakers attending an energy symposium in Jackson, Wyo., that cooperation among states is a far lower priority than competition. According to an Associated Press account of his remarks, Freudenthal declared, "Cooperation is contradictory to the fundamental way we relate to each other. As states, we compete."
The governor's frank statement sums up why the economic wars for good-paying jobs in innovative industries will continue. Meanwhile, Washington, with two of the most high-tech and innovative companies in the country - Boeing and Microsoft - is not about to surrender.
The stakes are high in Washington because the aviation industry has been so dominant in terms of good-paying jobs. A state-commissioned study by McKinsey & Company found that the aerospace industry, directly and indirectly, still accounted for 28 percent of the state's overall job growth from 2004 to 2008. Moreover, McKinsey said, much of this growth was still, in fact, attributable to Boeing, especially as a result of its 787 Dreamliner and 747-8 jumbo jet programs.
But the glory days of growth are numbered. In January, the Department of Commerce's Washington Council on Aerospace published a troubling report that found the state has not been competitive for several recent high-profile aerospace initiatives, including the Honda Jet program (North Carolina), the Bombardier C-Series (Quebec), a Rolls-Royce engine plant (Virginia), a new Spirit Aerosystems facility (North Carolina), the Global Aeronautica joint venture (South Carolina), and most recently, the second line for the 787. Putting the situation in blunt terms, the report laments that, "Against our competitor states and provinces, we are at a disadvantage in areas of incentives offered, R&D expenditures, and labor costs. Our aerospace labor force is aging, and our education and training system is not meeting current and future industry needs."
In essence, Washington's competitive advantage in aerospace had weakened significantly. Meanwhile, the aerospace industry itself has been changing in fundamental ways. Globalization and the move away from original equipment manufacturers toward a systems integration model were clearly beyond the influence of Washington state policy. Indicative of how far-reaching and deep the challenges facing the state are now seen to be, the report offers no easy fix that lawmakers could simply legislate into existence. Instead it exhorted Washington to focus on work force training, research and economic development.
The aerospace industry has been a crucial pillar of Washington's economy for more than a century - about 160 companies in the state specialize exclusively in aerospace, and another 500 provide manufacturing, maintenance and engineering services to the industry. But Boeing dominates, employing more than 75,000 workers there. Factor in the multiplier effects, and Boeing's total impact on the state is roughly 285,000 jobs, according to estimates from the Washington Alliance for a Competitive Economy. So when the state's biggest private-sector employer starts leaking jobs to non-union states, lots of people start to worry.
But can it be done in an age where supply chains are global, especially in aviation? The 787 Dreamliner exemplifies this shift. For this new plane, the majority of component design, manufacturing and sub-tier supply management has been done by firms located outside Washington. And the recent announcement of a second 787 assembly line in North Charleston was the final straw, prompting the state's Department of Commerce to seek a multifaceted attempt to re-establish its competitiveness.
But making the state's aviation industry economically competitive with South Carolina - or China, for that matter - won't be easy. The state's work force is highly educated and experienced, but that translates into much higher labor costs compared to competing states. Labor disputes between management and the unions, which lead to work stoppages including an eight-week strike in 2008, have not helped.
In addition, the work force is aging rapidly, and the current training system for aerospace workers is considered fragmented. More than half of the state's aerospace workers are over age 45. Should these workers lose their jobs in the next few years, they won't be easy to retrain. In addition, the competition is relentless. Developing countries such as China and Brazil are building up sizable aerospace industries of their own, while Canada, Germany and France continue to compete at the highest levels for bigger portions of the much sought-after aerospace industry pie. The Council on Aerospace found that in the last five major competitions for attracting new aerospace companies, Washington was not considered due to unattractive economic factors, such as cost of living, wage rates and expensive infrastructure.
Some states probably wish they had Washington's dilemma of protecting its turf of knowledge-sector jobs. Besides aerospace, the state is home to the world's largest software firm: Microsoft. In addition to the thousands of IT workers based in the Seattle suburb of Redmond, tens of thousands more support the digital business. But the state feels it can't afford to rely on two industries that are the poster boys of today's globalized economy, in which jobs can move quickly from one location to the next.
In January, just as the state Legislature was drafting its wrist-slapping legislation known as HB 2833, Gov. Chris Gregoire addressed an economic conference in Seattle and unveiled a 10-point plan to create as many as 40,000 jobs in the state over the next three years. The aerospace industry wasn't specifically mentioned. Instead, she focused on the next generation of economic development for the state. "The President's Council of Economic Advisors said there are two fields in particular that are going to drive the economy by 2016. Both of these, we are very engaged in," Gregoire explained. "One is in health care and we have our initiatives we've begun there. And the other is in clean technology and clean energy, and we obviously have our leadership role we are playing there."
Gregoire referred to these two areas as the sweet spot for job growth, pointing out that Washington has more than 400 clean technology businesses operating in the state and 47,000 workers employed in the sector, surpassing the state's own target of 25,000 clean tech jobs by 2020.
From his perspective in the state's Department of Commerce, Weed says the Pacific Rim is where the world's gross domestic product (GDP) growth will occur. "The Asia Pacific region has obviously dramatically increased its share of world GDP in the last 10 years," he says. "So I think one of the long-term trends that can really power our state's economy is the growing influence of that part of the world and our gateway position to it."
But Washington, even with its geographic location on the edge of where the world's economic activity is poised to grow, and with its well trained, highly educated work force, can't rest easily. South Carolina and other states are also looking at the same scenario and are willing to compete aggressively for the businesses that thrive in clean energy, health care, software and, yes, aviation. "There are great economic opportunities for us down the road," Gregoire says of the future. "The trouble is, we aren't there yet."
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Antique Chicago United States Brewing Co Brewery Box
- Sold for: Start Free Trial or Sign In to see what it's worth.
- Item Category: Furniture & Furnishings
- Source: eBay
- Sold Date: Mar 28, 2007
- Channel: Auction House
Antique Brewery Box - Stamped United States Brewing Company - Chicago. Perfect for pub or restaurant, especially in the Chicago area, or for collector. In good working condition, hinges and latch work perfectly. No dents or anything not seen in photographs.


text:
ANN ARBOR, Mich. -- The University of Michigan men's basketball team defeated the Northwestern Wildcats, 68-51, Wednesday (Jan. 18) in front of 10,123 fans at Crisler Arena. Shooting a lights-out season-high 65.2 percent, on 30-of-46 from the field, the Wolverines overcame a back and forth first half, by holding the Wildcats to just 6-of-21 shooting in the second half.
Senior Lester Abram's (Pontiac, Mich./Northern HS) game high 20-points, on 9-of-12 shooting led the way for the Wolverines offense. In 34-minutes of action, Abram produced four assists and one steal, while draining two first half three-pointers. Junior Dion Harris (Detroit, Mich./Redford HS) netted 15-points on 6-of-12 shooting from the field, including three buckets from downtown, while dishing out three assists.
Senior Chris Hunter (Gary, Ind./West Side HS) and sophomore Ron Coleman (Romulus, Mich./Romulus HS) came off the bench to score eight points apiece, as both combined for a perfect seven-of-seven from the floor.
Abram jumpstarted the Michigan effort, as the Pontiac native poured in eight of Michigan's first 13 points of the ball game, including two three-point bombs. A three by Harris combined with a Sims dunk gave Michigan an early 13-9 advantage at the 13-minute mark.
Harris continued his hot streak from the floor as his mid-range jumper concluded a U-M 10-2 run, extending the Michigan lead to 17-9 at 11:48. The Wildcats clawed back quickly, with a 7-2 jaunt that featured a pair of back-door cuts, trimming the Michigan lead to 19-16 with 9:17 left in the first half.
After trading baskets, a Michigan 9-2 run would give the Wolverines a 30-20 lead, its largest of the first half. The run, which came strictly on three-point chunks, began on a lay-up and free throw by junior Courtney Sims (Boston, Mass./Noble & Greenough School). Long balls by Harris and Coleman followed in consecutive trips down court, increasing the U-M lead to ten, with just a shade over seven minutes remaining in the first half.
The Michigan offense abruptly cooled off as the Wolverines connected on just four more field-goals the rest of the period, two of which came from the duo of Abram and Harris. The remaining buckets came on slam-dunks by junior forward Brent Petway (McDonough, Ga./Griffin HS), with the second coming off a rim rattling alley-oop from senior Daniel Horton (Cedar Hill, Texas/Cedar Hill HS). The dunk sent the Maize-and-Blue into the lockeroom with a 38-31 halftime advantage.
The Wolverines shot an incredible 16-for-21 (76.2 percent) from the field during the first half, as Abram knocked down all five of his shots, including two-for-two from beyond the arc, on his way to 12-points. Harris also pitched in with two three-pointers of his own for 10 first half points on four-for-five shooting.
The second half, began in much of the same fashion as the first, as Michigan opened up a 47-32 lead behind a pair of baskets by Abram. Northwestern finally scored its first field goal of the second half at 14:43 with a basket by forward Verdran Vukusic.
Four baskets by Hunter ballooned the U-M advantage to 60-38 with nine minute left in the second half. Northwestern tried to gain breathing room later in the ballgame, but Michigan answered each Wildcat basket with a bucket of its own.
After opening with Michigan's first basket of the night, Abram concluded the U-M scoring effort with a jumper at 3:29, putting the finishing touches on a 68-51 victory.
The Wolverines will hit the road once again as they travel to Minneapolis, Minn., Saturday (Jan. 21) to play Minnesota at Williams Arena. The game is scheduled for an 8 p.m. tipoff and will be broadcast as part of the ESPN-Plus, regional package.
Contact: Tom Wywrot (734) 763-4423
» Learn about Michigan men's basketball season tickets for the 2017-18 season.