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Pneumonia is an infection hurting one or both the lungs, leading to inflamed alveoli or air sacs. The infected lungs shed dead cells and leak fluids, which leads to clogged-up air sacs and difficulty for the lungs to fill the blood with oxygen. This results in breathing difficulties.
The germs enter the body through the nose, mostly during sleep, and are more likely to infect the lungs. A healthy individual's throat and nose invariably house pneumonia-causing viruses or bacteria.
Though typically common and mild, some forms of pneumonia may require intensive hospitalized care. Also, victims are likely to feel weak or tired for some weeks post recovery.
A bacterial infection is the culprit in most cases, but a virus, parasite or fungus may have caused havoc too. For instance, viruses like influenza A or the flu virus could cause pneumonia.
The germs that enter the body through the nose settle in the alveoli (small air sacs) and keep multiplying. When the white blood cells arrive to ambush the infection, it results in the sacs getting filled with pus and fluid – leading to pneumonia.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), plague, anthrax, tularemia, etc. could also cause pneumonia.
Pneumonia can primarily be divided on the basis of its intensity and route.
- Bacterial Pneumonia: There are different types of bacterial pneumonia such as streptococcus pneumonia, klebsiella pneumonia, haemophilus influenzae, mycoplasma pneumonia, legionella pneumonia, chlamydia pneumonia, etc.
- Viral Pneumonia: Viral pneumonia is the flu virus left behind by pneumonia, which could lead to serious or fatal effects. Rhinovirus, adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, and parainfluenza virus are the causes for this pneumonia.
- Fungal Pneumonia: Coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis are pneumonia-causing fungal infections.
- Aspiration Pneumonia: This type of pneumonia is rare and caused by inhaling odour of vomit, or a harmful chemical or substance such as smoke.
Then there are other more non-scientific pneumonia types.
- Community-Acquired: This pneumonia type may affect anyone, anytime – at home, work or during a vacation.
- Hospital-Acquired or Nosocomial Pneumonia: Some may even contract the disease during a nursing home or hospital stay. The germs pertaining to this pneumonia type may be antibiotic-resistant, but an antibiotic treatment cannot be completely ruled out.
Pneumonia can entrap anyone – healthy and young people; but babies and older adults are more likely to be affected, thanks to their weaker or impaired immune system. Pneumonia is more likely to affect in the case of:
- Stroke patients, bedridden individuals, or people with swallowing or malnutrition issues.
- Infants (0-2 years) and senior adults (above 65 years).
- Drug abusers (including excessive smoking and alcohol consumption).
- Exposure to specific pollutants or chemicals.
- Specific medical conditions such as cystic fibrosis, asthma, heart failure, AIDS/HIV, emphysema, tuberculosis and diabetes.
People are likely to catch pneumonia after a flu or common cold. Those with chronic health conditions such as heart disease, asthma, diabetes or cancer are also vulnerable. Individuals with a weaker immune system are more likely to be infected, since their natural defense mechanism isn't strong enough to ward off the germs responsible for the disease.
Signs and Symptoms
Generally, bacterial pneumonia symptoms show up quicker than viral pneumonia alert signs. In fact, quite strangely, people in the high-risk group (kids and senior adults) may exhibit little or mild symptoms. A flu or cold is usually the starting point, which could later graduate to chills, high fever and sputum-filled cough. The following are the general pneumonia symptoms:
- Fever (longer lasting)
- Chest pain
- Wheezing
- Dry cough
- Muscle aches
- Vomiting and nausea
- Increased heartbeat or breathing
- Breathing difficulties
- Purplish or dusky skin tone due to improperly oxygenated blood
For proper diagnosis, chest X-rays and blood tests will be needed. The X-ray helps determine infection presence in the lungs. Blood tests are more accurate and confirm the stage of bloodstream infection. As a part of the process, the physician will inquire the patient about:
- Apparent symptoms and their date and time of occurrence
- Recent travel expeditions
- Any exposure to animals and sick individuals
- Medical history and current medications
- Recent illnesses or vaccinations
- Lifestyle (smoking, alcohol, etc.)
Other tests such as a CT scan (a detailed x-ray), sputum test, pulse oximetry test, urine antigen test and bronchoscopy could be needed too.
Doctors usually suspect pneumonia upon hearing coarse breathing, crackling sounds, wheezing, or rumblings while putting the stethoscope to the patient's chest.
Treatment and Complications
Pneumonia treatment varies with individuals and the disease type and its severity. Antibiotics are usually used to treat bacterial pneumonia. Antifungal medications and fluids are used to treat fungal pneumonia and viral pneumonia, respectively.
To manage and clear the symptoms, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs can be taken. The symptoms include fever, pains and aches, suppressing coughs, etc. Hospitalized individuals or people with serious pneumonia or poor immune system could be subjected to intravenous antibiotics and oxygen.
Most pneumonia treatments don't lead to complications, but there are exceptions. The problems could be due to the disease or drugs used for treatment. In some cases, chronic health conditions such as congestive heart failure or emphysema may get worse. Some pneumonia treatment complications are:
- Fluid accumulation: Fluid could gather between the lungs covering (pleura) and chest wall's inner lining.
- Abscess: A pus collection in the pneumonia-infected area, which can be cured with antibiotics.
- Bacteremia: A complication when the pneumonia infection spreads to the blood. This is a much more serious issue since all other organs are likely to be affected too.
- Death: Though rare, the possibilities cannot be ruled out.
Pneumonia Prevention
In several cases, pneumonia can be prevented through anti-flu and anti-bacterial pneumonia vaccines. A vaccine called Prevnar is administered to kids younger than two years, or sick kids within the 2-4-year age group. Prevnar is often part of standard infant immunization methods.
Adults are provided another vaccine called Pneumovax, which tackles or brings down pneumonia risks. Senior adults, diabetics, people with chronic lung, kidney or heart disease, smokers, alcoholics, etc. are given the vaccine.
More general prevention techniques include regular hand-washing, healthy diet and proper exercise, and zero smoking or drinking. Besides, a lot of fluid consumption (especially warm water), sleep and rest are recommended to keep pneumonia at bay.


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10 Global Goody Awards Winners for Q1 2015
Based on fan votes on Twitter using hashtags
BIG Congratulations to our 10 new Global Goody Awards Winners for Q1 2015 that were just announced. All of these social good award winners are based on fan votes on Twitter January 1 – March 31, 2015. Celebrities, athletes, charities and ISF (Ian Somerhalder Foundation) Surrey team leaders were honored from around the world. We also had two ties this quarter.
All of these Q1 2015 winners join our Superstars, and are now in the running for Goody Awards of the Year! Below are the actual tweet votes from our fans from over 30 countries.
#AthleteGoody -> @SerenaWilliams won for a #AthleteGoody #GoodyAwards for being a #rolemodel for kids. #serenawilliams
#AuthorGoody – @cadlymack won 4 a #AuthorGoody #GoodyAwards 4 her AWESOME book #EternalNight on #Amazon
#BusinessGoody TIE
- @bsome won for a #BusinessGoody #GoodyAwards for catering to customers requests and ALWAYS putting 100% into EVERY #GREEN product!
- @sevenly won for a #BusinessGoody @GoodyAwards for raising awareness and over $4.2M for the world's greatest causes! #PeopleMatter
#CelebrityGoody -> @NikkiReed_I_Am won for a #CelebrityGoody #GoodyAwards for using her time, voice, & heart to help be the voice for animals !
#CharityGoody -> @BroadlyTweeting won for a #CharityGoody #GoodyAwards for raising funds & awareness for women's & youth causes through comedy.
#EcoGoody TIE
- @bsome won for a #EcoGoody #GoodyAwards for up-cycling, repurposing materials to make BEAUTIFUL one of a kind TREASURES!!
- @GoGreenMoPower won for a #EcoGoody award @GoodyAwards for always thinking of new & exciting ways to keep are planet green!
#HeroGoody -> @aimeemonte2005 won for a #HeroGoody award for all her fundraising for #ISF & other charities. @GoodyAwards
#RAKGoody -> @millie2508 won for a #RAKGoody because of her compassion & fundraising for other important causes @GoodyAwards
#TeacherGoody -> @GiveMe_Shelter won 4 a #TeacherGoody #GoodyAwards 4 educating people on #AnimalWelfare w #GiveMeShelter film! http://t.co/xJbAmT1Zqk
#TeamGoody -> @ISF_Surrey won for a #TeamGoody award because of their passion to help #ISF awareness globally @GoodyAwards
Join us in this social good celebration by sharing the GOOD News on social media, and keep Voting on Twitter using the 20 hashtag categories for our Goody Awards of Q2 2015 and the Year Winners! You can also track the winners standing by looking at our LIVE LEADERBOARD. It's all good news, and we appreciate you honoring your heroes.
(c) Goody Awards 2015
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subset: commoncrawl


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Shadow of the Chinese Bear
Sunday 13 April 2014
China has banned bitcoin. Again. Except, of course, it hasn't. It's just banning some bank payments to exchanges. Sort of. Except, it hasn't, not entirely. Yet. We'll know more on April 15th, when the ban comes into full effect. Or then again, we might not.
A large Chinese-shaped cloud currently sits over bitcoin. Exactly what the famous 'ban' means is unclear. For every piece of hard information, a dozen rumours circulate. None of this uncertainty does bitcoin any good, because markets hate uncertainty, and – like it or not – the health of many parties in the ecosystem depends on the value of the bitcoins they earn. This is already 60 percent lower than four months ago. Miners are finding their profits squeezed. Public confidence, already shaken by MtGox and a series of other fiascos, is falling further.
The thing is, China could clear everything up with a single, clear statement. But they haven't, and so the uncertainty persists. And it turns out that this, whilst infuriating for the rest of us, is kind of the point.
Back in December...
At the end of last year, the People's Bank of China (China's enormous and powerful central bank) released a statement to this effect: 'Financial institutes are not allowed to offer services related to bitcoin, including registration, trade, clearance and settlement.'
The meaning of this was rather unclear, since it could be interpreted in a number of ways, with varying severity. Banks themselves are not allowed to deal in bitcoins. But what about providing banking services for those who do – does this count? This and other questions were left open.
The Chinese authorities dislike bitcoin; they have deemed it a 'currency without meaning'. One person from the Chinese financial world stated at the time, 'It represents an unofficial leakage to the current monetary system and trades globally. It is difficult to regulate and could be used for money laundering.' Money laundering aside, it circumvents China's strict capital controls and represents an area of financial activity almost outside of the state's considerable influence. Almost...
When the statement was released in December, there was a sharp dip in the market, which promptly recovered. Nothing further happened at the time, though the knowledge that it might has been hanging over bitcoin enthusiasts in China and over the world ever since.
A Chinese look at China
That time came last week, when the PBoC put some meat on the bones of its December announcement. Why the wait? Well, one Chinese businessman and bitcoin enthusiast, Zhang Weiwu, says it's simple. The PBoC didn't know what to do with bitcoin. It was obviously a potential threat to the Yuan. Chinese speculators were throwing vast sums of money at it on unregulated exchanges that charged no fees, whilst understanding very little about it. It's decentralised money, outside of state control. But now PBoC do have a better idea, they are doing something about it.
At the end of March Caixin, a Chinese news outlet, reported that PBoC had ordered banks and third party payment companies to stop working with a number of exchanges. The deadline given was April 15. Not all exchanges were affected immediately; at that point, two weeks back, it seems that the smaller ones were hit hardest. Whilst all were impacted by the ban on third party payment companies (which can be used to fund accounts anonymously), some exchanges were able to continue by accepting direct bank deposits – at least, for the time being. Some exchanges had to close immediately, with at least one (BTCIG.com) going offline, ostensibly taking its customers' deposits with it. But Huobi, one of China's largest exchanges, continued to operate, for the time being. They did take the step of voluntarily stopping third party payments, without being instructed to do so by PBoC. BTC China released an open letter maintaining that they had not received instruction from PBoC, and that they were not sure what the future held. Both Huobi and BTC China have recently said certain domestic banks will be closing their trading accounts.
What does all this mean?
Well, it's not good for bitcoin in China, if that wasn't already obvious. Exactly what the state of bitcoin trading can be without traditional exchanges is uncertain. And quite what will happen on or by April 15 isn't entirely clear either. If they are not allowed to accept bank deposits from Chinese banks, some exchanges will probably end up in Hong Kong – though whether that will be as attractive to most Chinese is unlikely.
But to gain a real insight into what the PBoC is doing, you have to understand the way the Chinese government does things. As Zhang says, Regulation isn't everything in China. Loyalty is. Understand the intention behind the obscure ruling and you might just escape punishment. That explains Huobi's pre-emptive move when other, smaller exchanges have already been forced out of business. That move can be interpreted as follows, as Zhang writes: 'With 4 of the 15 named exchanges out of business in one day, I should expect to be forced close our bank account soon. Perhaps there is still a chance that our master will change his mind? After all, the fallen exchanges are small ones. Maybe I will be allowed to live – a lesson will suffice. I should ingratiate myself with PBoC – and it's now or never! I will stop receiving third party payments as our lord intended, and I must do so before he bothers to give the order. If I obey, there is no need for punishment...'
The original announcement can be seen as a power play, then. 'Advise' the exchanges, and let them 'read the tea leaves' as to what that really means. China is acting paternalistically, to protect its citizens from the consequences of their own actions. It didn't quite work out that way, so now the exchanges are receiving direct instruction. What hope is left is slim, at best.
Banned or not?
China hasn't banned bitcoin: even the Chinese government isn't that powerful. But they can stop exchanges from interacting with the official banking system, preventing customers from moving bitcoins into fiat. Since that's the very purpose of an exchange, it doesn't bode well. There's a very good chance that after April 15, the vast majority of Chinese will be unable to trade bitcoins in any meaningful sense.
If MtGox taught us something, it was that greed is irrationally hopeful. People kept sending their money to Gox right up to the last minute, even though it was clear something was very wrong, hoping to buy cheap coins. The writing is on the wall for the Chinese exchanges, but trading will likely continue right up to the wire.
Of course, it's just possible that the 15th will come and go and Huobi and other larger exchanges will be allowed to continue operating, albeit with reduced funding and withdrawal options. But even if that was the case, the knowledge that they were operating under the Sword of Damocles and might be hamstrung at any point would not inspire confidence.
Best get it over with and find out where we really stand. Roll on April 15.
For some more background on this, take a look at Zhang Weiwu's thread on the Chinese situation on bitcointalk. More recently Zhang also wrote an intriguing article about this for bitcoin.de, which you can read here. Most of the article is behind a paywall, but it's well worth the small fee for the insight into how Chinese policy tends to work. Bitcoin.de have also allowed us to reproduce part of the article here.
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Yes– you read that right! There are FREE sewing patterns, available from a great shop called HomeSpun Threads. The sweet shop owner is currently offering ALL 29 of her patterns for FREE! All she is asking in return is that you follow her HomeSpun Threads blog. Not a lot to ask for such a generous gift. In addition to the 29 patterns she has discounted down to nothing, there are 15 patterns that always have a free price tag. So, that is a lot of giving from this fabulous shop.
This is a limited time offer– meaning that it could end at any time. So, go check it out now and don't forget to follow the HomeSpun Threads blog.
Here are a few of my personal favorite patterns:
I received no compensation for this post. I just wanted to share the generosity of this shop with you because I thought you might like some free patterns, too!!


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I have just moved to Brasil from Florida. We thoroughly enjoyed our pool screen encloser in FL and would like to enjoy the evenings here mosquito free. Is there anywhere I can find the specs for building an aluminum/screen encloser so I can build or contract to build one here?
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We have previously reported that sulindac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, inhibited tumor formation in the small intestine but increased tumors in the colon of ApcMin/+ mice, a model of human familial adenomatous polyposis. To further explore intestinal regional responses, we studied effects of sulindac on additional gene-targeted mouse models of human intestinal tumorigenesis; these were (i) Apc1638N/+ mouse (chain termination mutation in exon 15 of the Apc gene); (ii) Mlh1+/− mouse (DNA mismatch repair deficiency, a mouse model of human hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and (iii) double-heterozygous Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mutant mouse. Mice were fed AIN-76A control diet with or without 0.02% sulindac for 6 months. Intestinal regional tumor incidence, multiplicity, volume and degree of inflammation were used as end points. The results showed the following: (i) sulindac inhibited tumor development in the small intestine of Apc1638N/+ mice; (ii) in contrast, sulindac increased tumors in the small intestine of Mlh1 mutant mice, a neoplastic effect which persisted in heterozygous compound Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mutant mice; (iii) sulindac increased tumors in the cecum of all mice regardless of genetic background; (iv) sulindac decreased inflammation in the small intestine of Apc1638N/+ mice, but it increased inflammation in the small intestine of Mlh1+/− mice and Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mice and (v) sulindac enhanced inflammation in the cecum of all mutant mice. Findings indicate that the effects of sulindac in the intestine of these mutant mouse models are probably related to genetic background and appear to be associated with its inflammatory-inducing response.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to possess chemopreventive properties against gastrointestinal neoplasia. For example, sulindac decreased the number and size of colorectal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients (1–8) and in non-FAP cohorts at increased risk of adenoma recurrence (9). Nonetheless, colorectal cancer appears to recur in FAP patients after prolonged sulindac treatment (6,10–13). Sulindac also caused regression of small intestinal tumors in the ApcMin/+ mouse, a mouse model of FAP (14–16), the small intestine being the major site of tumor development in mouse models. We have previously observed (17) regional effects of sulindac on intestinal tumorigenesis in the ApcMin/+ mouse, wherein these mice when given sulindac for 9 weeks showed decreased number and volume of tumors in the small intestine but increased tumor formation in the cecal portion of the colon. A similar regional effect of piroxicam on intestinal neoplasia was reported in double-mutant Mlh1+/−/Apc1638N/+ mice (18). It is noteworthy that sulindac administration induced tumors in the cecum of wild-type C57BL/6J mice, a mouse strain with very low susceptibility to intestinal cancer (19).
Here, we further explored the regional responses of the intestine to dietary sulindac, using additional mouse genetic models that simulate increased sensitivity to human intestinal tumorigenesis, including (i) Apc1638N/+ mice (chain termination mutation in exon 15 of the Apc gene) (20); (ii) Mlh1+/− mice (DNA mismatch repair deficiency, a mouse model of human hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and (iii) double-heterozygous Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mutant mice (21). The results indicate that the regional effects of sulindac on tumor development in these mice are associated with chronic inflammation and appears to be related to their genetic background.
Genetically modified mice at 5–6 weeks of age were provided by Dr Winfried Edelmann, Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. These included Apc1638N/+ (n=31), Mlh1+/− (n=38) and double-heterozygous Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mice (n=22). Mice were fed AIN-76A diet and maintained on a 12 h light–dark cycle in a temperature and humidity-controlled room. After 1 week of diet acclimatization, mice of different genotypes were randomized to two dietary groups and either maintained on AIN-76A diet or AIN-76A diet containing sulindac (200 p.p.m.) (Research Diets, Brunswick, NJ). The average consumption of sulindac was ~0.6 mg/day per mouse, equivalent to the dose that inhibited tumor growth reported in ApcMin/+ mice (14) and to the dose used in our previous study with ApcMin/+ mice (17). Mice were weighed weekly and tested for fecal bleeding to monitor both intestinal inflammation and tumor formation. All animals were euthanized after 6 months of feeding.
The gastrointestinal tract was removed, opened longitudinally, and the contents were washed in cold phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4). Each specimen was examined under a dissecting microscope for tumors after fixation in 10% neutral-buffered formalin. Tumor multiplicity (number of mice with tumors), incidence (number of tumors per mouse), location and volume (mm3) were recorded. All tumors found in the gastrointestinal tract were excised for processing; tissue section slides were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological examination. The tumor diagnosis was based on the Histological Typing of Intestinal Tumours and The Pathology of Mouse Models of Intestinal Cancer (22) with modifications. Other organs and lymph nodes were also examined. Two segments of flat mucosa were taken from duodenum, cecum, proximal and distal colon and fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin, and tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological analysis and evaluation of inflammation.
The degree of inflammation was assessed using the following semiquantitative scoring system (23): (i) no inflammatory cells; (ii) few plasma and lymphoid cells; (iii) clusters of plasma and lymphoid cells; (iv) granulomatous tissue formed with acute and chronic inflammatory cells, mononuclear cells, fiber and fibroblastic cells and (v) micro-abscess formation. The depth of inflammatory infiltration was evaluated as follows: (i) confined to the mucosa propria; (ii) extended to the submucosa; (iii) spreading to the muscularis and (iv) spreading to the serosa or beyond. Inflammation severity was calculated as the degree of inflammatory cells×depth of inflammatory infiltration.
Spontaneous tumor incidence in the small intestine of Apc1638N/+ mice, Mlh1+/− mice and double-mutant Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mice fed AIN-76A for 6 months was 68, 6 and 73%, respectively (Figure 1). Sulindac treatment for the same period resulted in marked changes in tumor development in each of the genetic groups (Figure 1 and Table I). Sulindac completely eliminated tumor formation, as measured by tumor incidence (0 versus 68%, P<0.001), multiplicity (0.0 versus 1.5, P<0.001) and volume (0.0 versus 18.0 mm3, P<0.05) in the small intestine of Apc1638N/+ mice, compared with mice fed unmodified AIN-76A control diet (Figure 1A, D and G). In contrast, dietary sulindac increased tumor incidence 5.8-fold (41 versus 6%, P<0.05) and tumor number 8-fold (0.9 versus 0.1, P < 0.05) in the small intestine of Mlh1+/− mice (Figure 1B, E and H). Sulindac was ineffective in suppressing tumor incidence (91 versus 73% control) or multiplicity (3.0 versus 3.3) in the small intestine of compound Mlh1+/−; Apc1638N/+ mice, but there appeared to be a decrease in tumor size (4.1 versus 14.5 mm3), which was not statistically significant (Figure 1C, F and I). Importantly, the increased susceptibility to spontaneous tumors in the small intestine appears to be related to alterations in the Apc gene in both the Apc1638N/+ and the compound Mlh1+/−; Apc1638N/+ mice.
Tumors were mainly located in the cecum and upper part of the colon near the junction with the ileum. Tumor incidence was 0, 6 and 9%, respectively, in single-mutant Apc1638N/+ mice, Mlh1+/− mice and double-mutant mice fed AIN-76A diet, respectively (Figure 1). In mice treated with sulindac, tumor incidence, multiplicity and volume were greatly increased regardless of genetic status. Thus, in Apc1638N/+ mice, tumor incidence increased to 92%, multiplicity to 1.8 tumors per mouse and volume to 4.7 mm3 per mouse, with all increases significant at P<0.001 (Figure 1A, D and G, Table I). In Mlh1+/− mice, dietary sulindac increased tumor incidence in cecum and proximal colon 14-fold (91 versus 6%), tumor multiplicity (1.5 versus 0.1 tumors per mouse) and increased tumor volume by 17.5-fold (3.7 versus 0.2 mm3), all increases significant at P<0.001 (Figure 1B, E and H). In double-heterozygous Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mice, dietary sulindac led to a 10-fold increase of tumor incidence (100 versus 9%), 14-fold increase of tumor multiplicity (1.5 versus 0.1) and increased tumor volume 50-fold (5.1 versus 0.1 mm3), all values significant at the P<0.001 (Figure 1C, F and I).
Most of these tumors in control group mice fed AIN-76A were adenomas. After sulindac treatment, however, the number of invasive adenocarcinomas in Apc1638N/+ and Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mice significantly increased in the colon: 57 and 32%, respectively. These findings demonstrated that sulindac not only markedly increased tumor formation but also accelerated tumor progression from benign to malignant in the cecum and proximal colon of mice, regardless of their genetic etiology.
In order to determine if there was a mechanistic relationship between tumor development and inflammation in the absence and presence of sulindac, the extent of inflammation was evaluated in different intestinal segments along the cephalo-caudal axis, from samples of duodenum, cecum, proximal and distal colon of the Apc1638N/+ and Mlh1+/− mice. In Apc1638N/+ mice fed AIN-76A control diet, inflammation was more severe in duodenum than in cecum and was absent in proximal and distal colon (Table II). Significantly, after sulindac treatment, the inflammatory severity score decreased in small intestine (0.00 versus 2.68, P < 0.001) and greatly increased in cecum (6.00 versus 0.29, P<0.001) compared with mice fed unmodified AIN-76A control diet; no inflammation was detected in the remainder of the colon after sulindac treatment (Table II).
Slight inflammation occurring spontaneously was observed in the cecum of Mlh1 mutant mice maintained on AIN-76A control diet. However, following sulindac treatment, the inflammatory severity score in these mice increased significantly in both small intestine (3.64 versus 0.00, P<0.001) and cecum (4.73 versus 0.33, P < 0.001) compared with mice fed AIN-76A control diet (Table II).
In all instances, inflammatory cells after sulindac administration were located mainly in and around the area of tumor formation and included neutrophils, lymphoid cells, plasma cells and mononuclear cells extending from the upper part of intestinal wall to the muscularis and serosa. Increased inflammation was evident in the proximal colon after sulindac treatment, although not statistically significant.
It is mandatory that the effects of sulindac as a potential chemopreventive agent are taken in context. Present results using mice with different genetic backgrounds, all with an increased propensity to develop colorectal cancer, provide further insight on the potential effects of the drug. Sulindac inhibited tumorigenesis in small intestine of Apc1638N/+ mice but significantly increased the incidence, multiplicity and volume of tumors in the cecum of these mice. These results are in agreement with previous findings in ApcMin/+ mice (17). We extended these studies to Mlh1+/− and Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mice wherein sulindac treatment resulted in a marked increase in tumor incidence, multiplicity and volume in both small intestine and cecum. Thus, in contrast to the single-mutant Apc1638N/+ mice in which sulindac protected against tumor formation in the small intestine, we saw no such protection by sulindac in the small intestine of Mlh1+/− or Mlh1+/−Apc1638N/+ mice which could be due to loss of wild type Apc allele. These genetic alterations would presumably affect the histopathology of the intestine in these mice, accounting for their increased propensity to develop intestinal cancer and in turn differentially alter their response to sulindac in the small intestine and cecum.
In the present study, we have examined these findings as related to the inflammatory process and its potential association with the development of intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc1638N/+ and Mlh1+/− mice fed either unmodified AIN-76A diet or AIN-76A supplemented with sulindac. Surprisingly, moderate to severe inflammation was present in the duodenum of Apc1638N/+ mice fed AIN-76A but was absent in mice with an Mlh1+/− mutation maintained on the same diet. In Apc1638N/+ mice, inflammation was decreased after sulindac. Whether the presence or absence of inflammation in the same region of the intestine reflects the different genetic lesions in mice or an interaction of diet with a specific genotype remains to be determined. It is also noteworthy that sulindac-enhanced inflammation developed predominantly in the cecum of these mice where most tumors were also found.
Using quantitative computer-assisted image analysis, we previously showed (17) that intestinal regional response of ApcMin/+ mice to sulindac may be accounted for, at least in part, by the increased expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, and decreased expression of Bcl-xl, an anti-apoptotic protein of the Bcl-2 family. An opposite Bax/Bcl-xl pattern was observed in cecal mucosa and in tumors therein; these changes were also associated with widespread ulceration and limited perforation in cecal mucosal surface and tumors after sulindac treatment, which are histopathologic signs of severe inflammation.
These observations are consistent with reports showing that sustained use of NSAIDs, including sulindac, induces damage not only to the upper gastrointestinal tract but also to the small and large intestine, resulting in the activation of an inflammatory cascade leading to mucosal ulceration (24–26). While this proinflammatory process has been attributed to NSAIDs' induction of changes in mucosal permeability and the consequent influx of toxic luminal factors into the mucosa (24,26,27), an important compounding effect might be the intrinsic ability of NSAIDs, including sulindac, to generate reactive oxygen species (28–31).
While sulindac-induced reactive oxygen species was shown to enhance apoptosis in cancer cells (29), we surmise that sustained stimulation by sulindac of reactive oxygen species formation would ultimately lead to oxidative stress, a key stimulus of the inflammatory response and carcinogenesis (32,33). Thus, sulindac-induced oxidative stress was found to induce oncogenic COX-2 overexpression in various cell lines (31) and to activate p38 (29,34), a mitogen-activated protein kinase that participates in the generation of key proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and in cancer development (35–38).
There is a large body of evidence showing that chronic inflammatory conditions increase the risk of cancer: the causative link between inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer is a salient case in point (39–41). One may therefore propose that sulindac-induced inflammation contributes to the regional effects of sulindac on tumor formation in the small intestine and cecum of mice. This view is supported by the observation that chemically induced inflammation accelerated colonic adenoma formation in ApcMin/+ mice (42,43) and enhanced colon carcinogenesis in Mlh1+/− mice (44).
National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health (NO1-CN-15116, NO1-CN-43308, RO1 CA 87559).
Conflict of Interest Statement: None declared.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Product or Service
Profile:Manufacturer - Producer|Ref:PSL39876YH | Country: China | Currency: | Export: No
Place of Origin China
Ring Tone original metallic
Supply Voltage 100-240V
Power Source high voltage
Application Scope Hotel
In door touch panel control 'do not disturb' and 'make up' .
ABS fire resistant
Back light touch key(visible in dark, but not dazzle)
Once the 'don't disturb' is on, the doorbell doesn't work.
NOTE: Used out of guest room.
Contact the company


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The story of a girl. Born into upper middle class privilege, her family is defeated by tragedies. Lilly is a scornful teenager who turns to her boyfriend for support and away from her family. Her boyfriend is a working class kid with the brains and aspiration to transcend social class. The story is a love story with a twist of the knife type heartache.
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Okay, so I got a big box-o-veggies from my CSA yesterday and I made this soup. It was SOOOOOO good! Sorry for the lack of exact measurements, but it takes a little flexibility to make good soup.
*Note - these are the green I used, but I think you could use any kind of greens you have handy
One bunch of Black Kale
One bunch of Red Swiss Chard
One bunch of Kohlrabi Greens
One bunch of Yellow Swiss Chard
2 T. vegetable bouillon powder
1 T. minced garlic
1 cup red lentils
juice of one lemon (tip: microwave the lemon whole for about 20 seconds before juicing to get the most juice)
salt and pepper to taste
In a large pot, saute the garlic with a little pam. When it gets brown, add the greens, the vegetable bouillon, and enough water to cover the greens. Alternately, you can just add enough veg broth to cover the greens if you don't have bouillon. Bring to a boil and then add the lentils. Simmer until the lentils are done but not mushy, about 15-20 minutes. Reduce to low heat. Add the lemon juice, and salt and pepper to taste. Let sit over low heat for about 10 minutes.
There's a lot of room for experimentation and substitution with this, but it sure was tasty!


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Empowering Students to Transform Schools
In school reform, students are rarely consulted. This book presents a step-by-step process for involving students in transforming schools and empowering them to make real decisions that affect their education.
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A couple times, he's talked about how he doesn't hang out with a lot of people, or that on ___ day he was super bored and was just sitting in his room. I haven't noticed him talking about that stuff in a group setting, only when he's just around me. Could he be hinting he wants to hang out with me?
Most Helpful Girl
First off, it's not something you'd post on a billboard or announce in public. It would probably elicit that "loser" vibe most people try to avoid in general. If he's mentioning it to you, it most likely means he wouldn't mind you're being with him to break the cycle he's in. He feels lonely and wants company. Now he's waiting for you to say you wouldn't mind hanging out.
Next -- sigh -- don't give in. He's being lazy because he's lonely and this Eeyore tactic has worked for him before.
Next time he says he's bored etc. tell him about something you do when you're bored. If he seems interested, tell him where you go for that activity. He SHOULD ask you to go with him (or if he doesn't know where it is, he should ask you to show him the new place) at that point. If not, he's not hinting about asking you out/hanging out with you.00|00|0


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It's another slow start to the Labor Day weekend at the box office.
Legendary Pictures' thriller "As Above, So Below" grossed $470,000 in Thursday night showings. Meanwhile, the Pierce Brosnan action film "The November Man" has grossed $1.695 million since its release on Wednesday.
Both weekend newcomers are expected to gross $8 million to $11 million each over the four-day weekend, according to people who have seen pre-release audience surveys.
The films will likely trail behind Marvel's "Guardians of the Galaxy," the Michael Bay-produced "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" and young adult tearjerker "If I Stay."
Released by Universal Pictures, "As Above, So Below" follows a team of explorers as they venture into the catacombs beneath the streets of Paris. As of Friday, the film had notched a 31% on the fresh ratings on Rotten Tomatoes.
Based on the novel "There Are No Spies" by Bill Granger, "The November Man" follows former CIA agent Peter Devereaux (Pierce Brosnan) after he leaves quiet retirement for an assignment involving a power-hungry Russian leader.
Relativity Media acquired the film for $3 million earlier this year. Audiences gave it a grade of B+, according to the polling firm CinemaScore.
For more news on the entertainment industry, follow me @saba_h


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up + up + down + down + A + B + A + B...Originally Posted by furball
up + up + down + down + A + B + A + B...Originally Posted by furball
I tues, thurs and fri not working...
try up + down + up + down + A + B + A + B :bsmilieOriginally Posted by furball
Wah.. wanna go where shoot? MTL!Originally Posted by alechim
just saw on news that at toa payoh today got some cheerleading and breakdance audition for next yr's chingay or something...
wasted.. didn know got such an event... hiaz.. missed e chance to go kaypo see see..
Not A+B+A+B+A+B+A+B+A+B+A+B+A+B?Originally Posted by TMC
Wah Buaya G*** awake liao???Originally Posted by ~Arcanic~
Originally Posted by espn
see cheerleading on tv ma.. so awake liaoz lo...
too bad didn know about it beforehand...
AeonFlux on Monday night, who wants to go watch?Originally Posted by ~Arcanic~
i watching with my sch kakhis... pai seh..
time for me to go play game liaoz... haha..
check back later~
me having a blardy headache.
Buaya G*** bo jio.. buay steady lehOriginally Posted by ~Arcanic~
Never fear, all you need is 1 bottle of sakae to settle the headacheOriginally Posted by TMC
another gd deal..
buy lah...Originally Posted by alechim
If Life worked on auto mode then manual mode for photography would have never existed. ― Deeksha Mittal
Wait, so what you waiting for???Originally Posted by alechim
waiting to pay my medical bills lor
how much does the D2H battery cost har??
you guys think its a gd buy meh??
pretty good, you should buy and it worry later.


text:
|Professional Automotive Repair Technical Discussions for April 11, 2012
International Automotive Technicians' Network (iATN) - Members Only
|(Also Available: All, Asian, Chrysler, European, Ford, GM.)
|Vehicle Owners: If you are seeking an automotive repair professional to service your vehicle, visit the iATN Repair Shop Finder.
Open Help Requests for Asian
|Help Request
|1989 Honda Accord LX 2.0L Poor Idle Quality, Surge, Stall, Misfire VIN: 1HGCA5636K
cust just bought, runs poor, shakey idle,hesitates- smoked intake, repaired 3 bad vac hoses, adjusted valves- found #3 intake too tight, removed carb to remove acces plug for idle mixture...can richen enough to smooth out, but idle is too high and cannot lower...
|2008 Honda Accord LX 2.4L cylinder head VIN: 1HGCP26338
Im doing a head gasket on the accord pzev. Is there anything I should be aware of .I noticed when you reassemble they talk of a LOST MOTION ASSEMBLY what is that? Im worried about this one so I cant begin to tell you how much I would appreciate any help I can ...
|2002 Lexus RX300 3.0L Safety VIN: JTJHF10U52
Greetings, This RX330 had a very intermittent code B0103 for "Squib ckt D shorted to battery". Suspected a short in spiral cable (clockspring) and replaced it. Two week later same code. Cannot pinpoint due to intermittency and wiring appears fine through and ...
|1998 Mazda 626 DX 2.0L Power Steering VIN: 1YVGF22C7W
Power Steering system getting air in system. Bubbles in fluid, making pump noisy
|2003 Nissan Altima 2.5L Misfire, MIL Lamp on VIN: 1N4AL11D13
car came in for engine light on code P0301 #1 cylinder missfire. changed plugs, #1 coil and swapped injectors around code came back. when braking hard just before stopped missfire can be felt until stopped for around 2 seconds, then smooth. full throttle and c... Trouble codes: P0301
|2003 Toyota Camry SE 2.4L Engine VIN: JTDBE32K73
Burns oil and I believe it is valve stem seals. I have 3 customers with this issue with same engine and about same years. The miles vary from 89k to 210k. However I would love to hear from some Toyota experience. I would hate to charge a customer to explore va...
|2007 Toyota Corolla S 1.8L MIL Lamp on VIN: JTDBR32EX7
hello techs i have this 07 corolla with a p0171.. it does have high fuel trim reads around 17 i did clean the mass air flow sensor and replace the filter with oem but in a week it came back.. do these have problems with the mass air flow sensor or could it be ... Trouble codes: P0171
Fixes & Summaries for Asian
|2007 Infiniti G35 3.5L Hesitation VIN: JNKBV61E97
Thank you for your replies to this problem, we took vehicle to dealer and they performed reflash as some of you stated and vehicle is fixed!
|2008 Mitsubishi Eclipse SE 2.4L M/C & Abs VIN: 4A3AK64F48
I found some information on a better bleeding strategy... bleed system in specific order (RR,LF,LR,RF) and bleed with the engine running. Afterwards the pedal felt pretty decent. We gave it back to the customer. I guess only time will tell if it completely fix...
|1996 Toyota Camry DX 2.2L Cam seal VIN: 4T1BG12K2T
Thanks for all the replies,sorry it's taken so long to close.Ran into problems with getting the right parts.I know that hardly ever happens.I pulled the valve cover again and resealed the bearing cap again and looked at the seal.Totally dry in the lip of seal....
|2004 Toyota Prius 1.5L Fuel odor VIN: JTDKB20U14
Well first off thanks to all who took time to reply. In the process of replacing the injector o-rings and insulators I found the #4 plug well rusted..like orange powder. Apparently the spark plug wasnt fully seated and was allowing combustion gasses to escape ...


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Download PhotoMEME apk 1.0 free for Android smartphone
19 Nov
Posted by AlcoApps in Media & Video | Nov. 19, 2014 | 0 Comments
Apk file size: 9.8 MB
PhotoMEME is a easy-to-use app that allows you to instantly create a meme from a photo. Simply point your phone to a funny moment, snap the photo, type some text to it and share it with your friends on social networks.
This app is optimized for Android Kitkat and Lolipop.
AlcoApps part of our Media & Video and have average installs from 50 to 100. Last Update Nov. 19, 2014. Google play rating is 100.0. Current verison is 1.0. Actual size 9.8 MB.


text:
ralph robert moore
the official website for the writings of
Copyright © 2006 by Ralph Robert Moore.
Print in HTML format.
Return to lately 2006.
"we are required to ask, sir"
august 1, 2006
The Texas town in which we live has gone again, as it does most years, to mandatory water restrictions.
Springs here are as beautiful as Spring anywhere else in the world (it's hard to imagine a place where Spring wouldn't be beautiful, all those green buds spreading joyously apart, like thighs, letting out ten thousand colors, bird beaks tapping against each other, male courting female with a tilted sunflower seed.)
But Summers are something you watch from inside, from an air-conditioned kitchen (except for early each morning, when we go outside long enough to follow one of the grass paths of our garden to pick an extraordinary number of cherry tomatoes, red and warm).
Our temperatures have been over one hundred degrees, afternoon after airless afternoon. No rain. We pass through the drizzle of tiny pink blossoms blowing off our crepe myrtle, pulling down the bird feeders from the branches, sliding seed inside, raising them back up, like vespers, spraying out the water from the cement birdbaths (standing water hatches mosquito larvae), refilling their basins.
A month ago the phone in our bedroom rang. Picking up the receiver, I heard a recorded announcement from the town about the water restriction. (Whenever there's imminent danger of a tornado touching down, the town causes all the phones in each house to ring. There's no message if you pick up. When the sky is low and yellow, air so still dogs are afraid to bark, all those phones suddenly going off in your home is eerie.)
Like most government announcements, the phone message was not very clear.
Residents could only water on garbage pick-up days, in our neighborhood meaning only on Tuesdays and Fridays, from six o'clock in the evening until ten o'clock in the morning.
No outside watering at all was allowed on Wednesdays and Saturdays.
That didn't make sense to me.
If we could water on Tuesday, from six o'clock in the evening until ten o'clock in the morning, wouldn't that mean we could water until ten o'clock Wednesday morning?
This was an important point, because we had to water if we didn't want everything green we owned to die, but if we watered outside the allowed time periods, we'd be slapped with a two thousand dollar fine (we'd also have to pay a two thousand dollar fine, even while watering during the approved time periods, if the run-off from our water exceeded ten feet, for example if we were watering our front lawn, and some of the sprinkler's water ran down the sidewalk or our driveway by more than ten feet).
So I called city hall.
"I just want to clarify the city's water restrictions schedule."
"We live on the east side of town. So we have to water on Tuesdays and Fridays, right?"
"The announcement about the water restrictions says that on those days we can only water between six o'clock at night and ten o'clock in the morning."
"But then the announcement also says no watering at all is allowed on Wednesdays and Saturdays."
"Those are water-free days."
"Soģ for example, on a Tuesday, if we can only start watering at six o'clock Tuesday night, and have to stop watering ten o'clock in the morning, does that mean we can water on Wednesdays, up until ten o'clock in the morning?"
"That's correct."
"But then why does it say, No watering at all on Wednesday? Shouldn't it say, no watering at all after ten o'clock Wednesday morning?"
"Well, the intent is that you can't water on Wednesday, but if Tuesday is your garbage pick-up day, you can water between six o'clock Tuesday night and ten o'clock in the morning."
"The following morning. Wednesday morning."
"That's correct."
"So it's okay for us to water on Wednesdays, before ten o'clock."
"That's correct."
Except, it wasn't.
I was talking to the City's water department. And their official spokeswoman said you can water until ten o'clock Wednesday morning. That's what the automated phone call said. That's what the City's official website said, and that's what the flyer we received in the mail, from the City, said.
But it wasn't true.
It turns out, you can only water from a minute after midnight on Tuesday until ten o'clock that morning, then from six o'clock Tuesday evening until midnight.
Eventually, after receiving a large number of complaints about the contradictions in its instructions, the City corrected itself.
(Along similar lines of a breakdown in customer service, Mary recently lost the ability to access her e-mail. We called her ISP. After some experiments, we realized she could access her e-mail if she disabled Norton Internet Security. I called Norton, on a Friday. Explained the problem. Norton Security enabled, no access to e-mails. Norton Security disabled, full access. After listening to my problem, the "technician" on the other end of the line said Norton was receiving an "unusually high number" of calls, so he wouldn't be able to help me that evening. He promised someone would call me back within forty-eight hours (three weeks later, we still haven't heard back from Norton. We never will.) He then asked me, "Can I help you with any other problem, Sir?" "Well, you weren't able to help me with my first problem, and even if I did have another problem, you couldn't help me tonight, because of your high call volume, right? So why are you even asking?" "We are required to ask, Sir." "But if I had another problem, you couldn't help me, right?" "That is correct. Is there indeed another problem I could help you with, Sir?")
Because we had a limited time each week to water, that meant we had to start sprinkling as early as possible each Tuesday and Friday morning.
Each Monday we set up the sprinkler in the evening in our backyard garden, so I can turn it on early Tuesday morning, around five o'clock a.m.
As peaceful as our garden is mid-morning, at five a.m., still dark, full of insect sounds, yellow moonlight, the garden is creepy. We have a subspecies of cicada, olive green with black decorations, rectangular, head joined to body as if fused, that screams when it flies. Small as the cicada is, the size of your thumb, the scream nonetheless sounds like a human screaming. If two whizz behind my head at the same time, in the outdoor darkness, it's enough to make me hunch my shoulders. High scream, new scream (I pretend they're all screaming for ice cream).
I swing open the back door of the kitchen, after turning off the burglar alarm system, exposing the large square of cement patio, little wings fluttering up, and away.
I step outside, one step, two steps, three, four, to the edge of the patio, on its left side, reach my arm down past the chest-high hedge, locate with my invisible fingers the iron spigot, twist it left, left.
Hear, off to my far right, in the blackness, the hiss, sputter, rise of the sprinkler starting up.
Back up, one step, two steps, three, four, to the closed door, open it, slip back into the kitchen.
One time, years ago, after turning on the hose, I was back inside the kitchen, back door closed, lock turned, when Mary, eyebrows raised, looking at the back of my shirt, said, "Oh my God. Don't move." Saw her getting ready to swat something large off my back, right hand raised, just as I became aware of an upwards-moving, multi-legged weight on the back of my shirt.
This past month, July, I wrote my first play.
It's called Duck Eggs.
Because it is my first play, I tried to keep the structure as simple as possible. One scene, two characters. Half an hour long. The complexity comes from how the play moves from humor to drama, and during that change in tone, how one of the characters (and the audience) gradually realizes the true meaning of the situation.
I learned a lot in the process.
When I write dialogue for a story, I tend to edit it pretty severely, to convey just the essence of the exchange. But when I tried that editing method with my play, I realized it wouldn't work. What sounds like "natural" dialogue in a story that's read silently, sounds too pared down, and therefore unnatural, when spoken on a stage. I needed to loosen up the dialogue, add some of the empty words ("Well", "I don't know", "Yeah, but"), we all use when talking.
Another learning experience was that in a play it's harder to describe something that takes place "off-stage".
In a story, writing in the third person, it's easy for me, in the voice of the author, to provide whatever amount of detail I want for a scene that occurs outside the main action. The reader is familiar with the convention.
In a story, that off-stage remembrance isn't a problem.
But in a play, because now it's Sam speaking, rather than the author, you can't have him use the same words to describe his memory of when he first met Sue. Because although authors speak that way all the time in their stories, real people never talk with that precision.
See what I mean?
On the other hand, one thing that's easier about writing dialogue for a play is that you don't have to worry so much about making each person's dialogue sound distinctive. The fact that different actors are speaking the dialogue does that for you.
During this same period we learned, over TV, of Kenneth Lay's death. Ken Lay, in case you aren't aware, was a greedy, selfish pig, the CEO of Enron, who buried his two-nostriled snout in the trough to gobble up as much money as he possibly could, even though doing so ruined thousands of lives.
I heard the news with mixed emotions (I had always hoped Bill Gates would die first).


text:
Specialist Program in AnimationDQ School of Visual Arts
In Hyderabad
Price on request
60606... More
Important information
|6 Months
- Course
- Hyderabad
- Duration:
6 Months
Course programme
This is a Six Months Specialized Program intended to increase strong elementary skills in all aspects of Animation, including the Principles of Animation, life drawing, Acting, character design, story boarding, and art direction. Those who have completed Class 12 are eligible to apply. Course highlights * Complete 3D Animation career program. * Study upgraded versions of software like Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, Photoshop, Sound Forge, Adobe Premier, Macromedia Flash, Dreamweaver, 3D Max & Maya. * Laddered learning. learn animation in increasing order of complexity.


text:
Product Description
Hand crafted from forged iron right here in Greenville by Jason Faulk of Iron Heart Forge, these hand tools will last so long your great-grandkids will be fighting over them. The Warren Hoe is perfect for planting rows as well as weeding and cultivating. 17 inches long (including handle) and weighing a little more than a pound, this hoe has the strength to handle red clay and tough weeds.


text:
On Marie Christines blog carrementcrazy I joined this project. An autumn welcome quilt. Marie Christine always has great ideas.
And this is my version. It was really fun to create!
The new stichery from the sewalong is here and already stitched. This would also be perfect for a little pillow...
Hugs Martina
Hugs Martina


text:
- select colour
it's an internet thing!
it's an internet thing!
18:01 13 February 2013
Travel insuranceis definitely a must when you're going on a holiday. This protects you from any unforeseen incident that can ruin your holiday. For example, if you lose your baggage, or in case you need emergency medical assistance while you're abroad, it's comforting to know that you have a policy that will cover all your expenses.
Regular travel insurance usually covers just 3 months of travelling. If you intend to extend your holiday to see the world or to spend more time with your family abroad, getting a long-stay travel insurance is definitely a must.
Here are some tips on how you can find the best one:
• Know what you need. Long-stay travel insurance policies are definitely not created equal. Some offer more coverage than the others. Before you go ahead and call any insurance company, ensure that you know exactly what you're looking for. You would want to get coverage for cancelled or delayed flights and loss baggage.
You would also want to get protection should the travel agency you used to book your holiday with goes out of business. If you're over 50, getting comprehensive medical insurance that will cover pre-existing condition is also non-negotiable.
• Get quotes. Get in touch with as many insurance companies as possible and get their quotes. Don't worry as you can do this for free. It may take some of your time but this will help you see all your options.
• Looks for ways to save. You don't need to burn a hole in your pocket when taking out long-stay travel insurance. You can save some money by (1) taking out the policy from your current insurance company as they will most likely to give you discount for your loyalty and (2) by taking out some coverage that you don't need.
Disclaimer: Supanet is not responsible for, and disclaims any and all liability for the content of comments written by contributors to this website


text:
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Unique condition Enfield Diesel 350 ccm from museum exposition for sale .
Beautifully preserved and running , fully functional Enfield motorcycle for sale.
Motorcycle is probably Taurus model .....
Clean and tidy low mileage 500 bullet that runs sweet as a nut due to the low miles and careful ownership. Will come with a full MOT.
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text:
Hapari carries a great selection of modest swimwear for the whole family! I like this swimsuit:
I like that everything is modest, yet cute! They also carry Tank Shores! "These half tees are stylish and provide a comfortable layered look without the extra bunching ,and bulk of a full length layered tee. Shores come in a variety of colors."
I received a Shore to review! It works great under a shirt and it doesn't make me look lumpy (that's what I call it). It's also very comfortable. What a great idea to make it shorter than a regular shirt! I appreciate that it doesn't bunch up. I've got a feeling that I'm going to be using my Shore a lot in the near future! It's a must for those of us who love to layer clothes.
If you are looking for stylish, modest swimwear, visit Hapari.com!
Hapari is offering one lucky reader a Shore of their own!
Go to Hapari and tell me what your favorite product is.
(Make sure your email address is in the comment or is easily accessible via your blog profile or blog itself. I need to be able to contact you!)
This entry is mandatory, if you do not do #1, you cannot do the "extra" entries. Comments like "enter me" will not be eligible!
Extra Entries
For each extra entry please post an additional comment!
1. Follow me on Twitter and Tweet about the contest (post link in comment).
2. Blogging about the contest (post link in comment).
3. Follow my blog and tell me (or tell me if you already are).
4. Add my blog button to your blog (leave blog link).
5. Enter another one of my contests (come back and tell me which one).
Giveaway ends on August 25 at 11:59 pm EST.
The winner will be chosen via random number generator the next day and notified by email. If I don't hear back from the winner within 48 hours of sending the winning email, I'll pick another.
*Open to US residents only


text:
Yeah, yeah, yeah. Pepparkakor aren't "very EATalian", I know…BUT they're cookies I always love to bake around Christmas, so they've rightfully earned their place on this blog. Not only do they bring out the Christmas spirit in the house with their wonderful scent, they also spark my creativity. As you can see from the pictures, I went a little crazy with shapes and icing decoration!
Besides being cute Christmas tree ornaments, I found they also make the perfect nice little addition to a rustic gift wrapping.
If you'd like to create a rustic package for your Christmas gifts as well, I've got some tips for you:
- Wrap your gift with plain paper: craft paper or plain white paper are ideal.
- Tie it with a simple gift string — twine works perfectly! (I used an IKEA Christmas gift ribbon).
- Add some greens for a more rustic look: a small branch of pine or a rosemary sprig will do. Since our rosemary bush is kind of small this year, I used fresh oregano. I love its scent and look but I recommend using it only if you know the gift will be opened that very same day!
- For a nice splash of color, add a few berries (rose hips, Christmas berries, or whatever berry you can find).
- Tie your ginger cookie for a cute final touch. You don't necessarily need to have a tag-shaped cookie cutter…any shape will do! Also, if you're not into decorating your cookies with icing, that's fine…the gingerbread's rustic and simple texture is just perfect as is.
This idea is also a smart way to use up some of the cookies in case you made tons of them (like I did).
Scroll down to get the recipe and see more photos of fun-shaped ginger cookies!
- 1 cup + 5 Tbsp (300 g) unsalted butter, softened and diced
- 1¾ cup + 1 Tbsp (about 400 g) granulated sugar
- ⅓ cup + 1 Tbsp (about 100 ml) molasses (can sub with ½ maple syrup and ½ agave nectar)
- 2 Tbsp fresh ginger, finely grated (or 1 Tbsp ground ginger)
- 2 Tbsp ground cinnamon
- 1 Tbsp cloves, ground in a pestle and sifted
- 2 tsp ground cardamom
- 1 Tbsp baking soda
- ¾ cup and 3 Tbsp (200 ml) water
- 32 oz (900 g) flour
- Mix butter with sugar and molasses (or nectar+ syrup), until smooth.
- Add ginger, cinnamon, ground cloves, cardamom, and baking soda. Mix well and add water and enough flour to form a workable dough. Transfer dough onto a working surface and add the rest of the flour. When the dough becomes smooth and non-sticky, wrap it with plastic film and refrigerate for at least 24 hours.
- The next day, remove the dough from the fridge.
- Heat oven to 400°F (200° C).
- Cut a piece of dough and roll it very thinly on a parchment paper sheet. To make the rolling easier, put another piece of parchment paper or plastic film in between the rolling pin and the dough. If the dough is too sticky, add a bit more flour to it (but not too much!). You could also put the dough back in the fridge for a while until it hardens up again.
- Cut out your cookies with your favorite cutters. If you're planning to hang your cookies, make a small hole in the dough piercing it with the end of a straw. Remove dough trimmings around cookies and transfer parchment paper with cookies on baking pan.
- Bake for 4-5 minutes (*). Check cookies for even baking, rotating pan if necessary. Remove pan from the oven and let it cool on a cooling rack.
- To decorate my cookies, I used this royal icing recipe and a #2 decorating tip.


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when it comes to makeup, finding a foundation that matches both your skin type and your skin tone can feel near impossible. in recent weeks, i have sat at multiple department store beauty counters and i have gone through the sephora +pantone color iq system twice only to leave empty handed every single time.
then, while flipping through allure's best of beauty issue on a recent flight, i was reminded that there is a gem of a l'oreal foundation on shelves at the drugstore. i scooped it up thinking that it would be a temporary placeholder until i found a more permanent solution, but after comparing and wearing it for a couple of weeks now, i think my search might be over.
the color match with this stuff is uncanny! my own eyeballs were able to quickly locate my perfect shade better than multiple nordstrom makeup artists and sephora's high tech system. it shouldn't be hard, but my skin tone is fair and neutral, so anything the slightest bit pink or yellow looks all wrong. thankfully, l'oreal has developed a massive range of shades and i quickly found a home with classic ivory N2. it blends invisibly into my skin with a damp foundation brush and it lasts all day long.
i will note that the packing here does have some flaws and that pouring liquid foundation into your hand isn't the most efficient method, but the high-performance oil-free coverage has me so blissful that i'm willing to overlook it. (please, l'oreal put this into a pump or squeeze tube!)
have you tried this simple and unassuming glass bottle of liquid gold? would love to know your favorite foundation of the moment!


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Crime in America. Net wrote a series of articles on the murders of eight police officers in Dallas and Baton Rouge. The premise of the six articles, including the most popular, "Don't be A Cop?" are based on the idea that police officers are leaving law enforcement in large numbers, and getting people to replace them is a challenge. Many are suggesting that cops are contemplating new careers or transferring to jurisdictions that seem to be supportive of their roles. Our observations are based on approximately twenty newspaper reports during the last three months.
In addition, the nation seems to be entering a significant and new increase in homicides and violent crime in many (not all) cities. Several, including the head of the FBI, are suggesting that cops are not aggressively pursuing their jobs, which is contributing to an increase in crime.
Noting this, President Obama issued a powerful statement of support for law enforcement (see below). The administration has been harshly criticized for previous comments that seemed unsupportive of the role of law enforcement.
Some will suggest that the President's open letter was principally in response to the murders of eight police officers. But we believe that this year's election will be decided on American perception of safety, and with police officers leaving or not being fully engaged, it was an appropriate time to set the record straight.
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The White House
The President: "Every day, you confront danger so it does not find our families … We recognize it, we respect it, we appreciate it, and we depend on you."
In the wake of the tragedies in Dallas and Baton Rouge, President Obama penned a letter to the men and women of America's law enforcement community. The President's letter was shared with officers around the country.
Transcript of the President's letter:
To the brave members of our Nation's law enforcement community:
Every day, you confront danger so it does not find our families, carry burdens so they do not fall to us, and courageously meet test after test to keep us safe. Like Dallas officer Lorne Ahrens, who bought dinner for a homeless man the night before he died, you perform good deeds beyond the call of duty and out of the spotlight. Time and again, you make the split-second decisions that could mean life or death for you and many others in harm's way. You endure the tense minutes and long hours over lifetimes of service.
Every day, you accept this responsibility and you see your colleagues do their difficult, dangerous jobs with equal valor. I want you to know that the American people see it, too. We recognize it, we respect it, we appreciate it, and we depend on you. And just as your tight-knit law enforcement family feels the recent losses to your core, our Nation grieves alongside you. Any attack on police is an unjustified attack on all of us.
I've spent a lot of time with law enforcement over the past couple of weeks. I know that you take each of these tragedies personally, and that each is as devastating as a loss in the family. Sunday's shooting in Baton Rouge was no different. Together, we mourn Montrell Jackson, Matthew Gerald, and Brad Garafola. Each was a husband. Each was a father. Each was a proud member of his community. And each fallen officer is one too many. Last week, I met with the families of the Dallas officers who were killed, and I called the families of those who were killed in the line of duty yesterday in Baton Rouge. I let them know how deeply we ache for the loss of their loved ones.
Some are trying to use this moment to divide police and the communities you serve. I reject those efforts, for they do not reflect the reality of our Nation. Officer Jackson knew this too, when just days ago he asked us to keep hatred from our hearts. Instead, he offered—to protestors and fellow police officers alike—a hug to anyone who saw him on the street. He offered himself as a fellow worshipper to anyone who sought to pray. Today, we offer our comfort and our prayers to his family, to the Geralds and the Garafolas, and to the tight-knit Baton Rouge law enforcement community.
As you continue to serve us in this tumultuous hour, we again recognize that we can no longer ask you to solve issues we refuse to address as a society. We should give you the resources you need to do your job, including our full-throated support. We must give you the tools you need to build and strengthen the bonds of trust with those you serve, and our best efforts to address the underlying challenges that contribute to crime and unrest.
As you continue to defend us with quiet dignity, we proclaim loudly our appreciation for the acts of service you perform as part of your daily routine. When you see civilians at risk, you don't see them as strangers. You see them as your own family, and you lay your life on the line for them. You put others' safety before your own, and you remind us that loving our country means loving one another. Even when some protest you, you protect them. What is more professional than that? What is more patriotic? What is a prouder example of our most basic freedoms—to speech, to assembly, to life, and to liberty? And at the end of the day, you have a right to go home to your family, just like anybody else.
Robert Kennedy, once our Nation's highest-ranking law enforcement official, lamented in the wake of unjust violence a country in which we look at our neighbors as people "with whom we share a city, but not a community." This is a time for us to reaffirm that what makes us special is that we are not only a country, but also a community. That is true whether you are black or white, whether you are rich or poor, whether you are a police officer or someone they protect and serve.
With that understanding—an understanding of the goodness and decency I have seen of our Nation not only in the past few weeks, but throughout my life—we will get through this difficult time together.
We will do it with the love and empathy of public servants like those we have lost in recent days. We will do it with the resilience of cities like Dallas that quickly came together to restore order and deepen unity and understanding. We will do it with the grace of loved ones who even in their grief have spoken out against vengeance toward police. We will do it with the good will of activists like those I have sat with in recent days, who have pledged to work together to reduce violence even as they voice their disappointments and fears.
As we bind up our wounds, we must come together to ensure that those who try to divide us do not succeed. We are at our best when we recognize our common humanity, set an example for our children of trust and responsibility, and honor the sacrifices of our bravest by coming together to be better.
Thank you for your courageous service. We have your backs.
Barack Obama
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text: Falls Creek, Australia, hosted the last major event on the Southern Hemisphere leg of the 07/08 TTR World Snowboard Tour as the TTR THREE(3) STAR Stylewars 007 by Oakley rolled into town. The first TTR Event ever to be held South of the Equator in 2005, the Stylewars was cancelled last season due to poor snow conditions. What a difference a season makes, as the best snow fall in 20 years created perfect condition. A gruelling event that saw two judged sessions a day culminating in the final placings, Stylewars 007 by Oakley created the biggest Hip seen in Australia and the biggest kicker judged in a snowboarding contest. At a stomach curning 36 m flat (140ft), it was the storming Norwegian, Torstein Horgmo who opened up the session and dominated proceedings.


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There are many overweight people who want to get rid of excess weight. Due to the excessive desire to be thin, they often resort to diet pills. However it is very important to be careful and conscious buyer and not to believe in the "magical power" of diet pills.
These pills can even be full of dangerous substances that can cause serious health problems.
"Magic" plant ephedra
In the U.S. in 1994, a cure based on ephedra was classified as "herbal remedy" that did not require FDA approval for use. This started a massive and completely uncontrolled use of ephedra. The effect of ephedra was similar to the effects of amphetamine but not that strong.After more than 900 reports of adverse effects on the cardiovascular and nervous systems,popular Ephedra was declared as unsafe substance by the FDA. It was removed from the U.S. market in 2004, because of causing increased risk of high blood pressure and death from heart attack and stroke. However, it can be still found in some diet pills, especially those from Europe or Brazil.
Bitter orange
Many weight-loss pills now use extracts of bitter orange peel instead of ephedra. However, bitter orange contains a chemical synephrine, which can be bad for human health. Chemicals in bitter orange may speed up the heart rate and raise blood pressure which can cause fainting, heart attack, or stroke. People should avoid taking bitter orange supplements whether they are healthy or they have heart disease or high blood pressure.
Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
It can be found in some bodybuilding supplements. There are many side effects associated with GHB. Those are: nausea, vomiting, delusions, vertigo, depression, hallucinations, respiratory distress, loss of consciousness, lowered blood pressure, slowed heart rate, amnesia, coma, and even death. GHB may even cause addiction with sustained use.
It has been scientifically proven that Germander can cause hepatitis, liver disease, and even death. No one should use it, but some people may be at higher risk of side effects than others.
Many diet supplements contain herb Yohimbe. Some of the side effects of yohimbe include: changes in blood pressure, anxiety, heart rate increase, dizziness, agitation, headache, visual disturbances. It is not recommended especially for anyone over the age of 65. It may alsocause confusion and disorientation.
This is another herbal but unhealthy ingredient of many dietary supplements. It has similar negative effects as Ephedra. These effects include: irregular heartbeat, stroke, heart attack or even death.
In 2001, the FDA advised producers of supplements to remove products containing comfrey from the market. They also alerted customers to stop using these products, because of serious health hazards associated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids. It is proven that this plant can cause severe liver damage, kidney damage or even death.
Chromium is safe for most adults when is not used in longer time period. However, there are some possible side effects including: skin irritation, headaches, dizziness, nausea, mood changes. Higher doses of chromium are associated with more serious side effects,such as blood disorders, liver or kidney damage.
Guar gum
It is often emphasized that Guar gum can lead to weight loss because it has the ability to reduce appetite. However, Guar gum can expand and completely block your gastrointestinal tract, which can be very dangerous and even fatal for health.
Due to the large amount of caffeine found in guarana, side effects may include: headache, insomnia, and nervousness. Some more serious side effects can be: rapid heart rate, difficulty breathing, or anxiety.
Some diet pills have negative effects and can seriously damage health. It is best to have a healthy, natural way of life, which will be balanced by your mental and physical activity and regular, healthy diet.
If you decide to lose weight with the help of dietary supplements, be careful. You should find out which ingredients they contain, and if they have any of the 10 substances listed above, don't use them.You need to opt for good herbal supplements that can help you and are completely safe for health.
P.S. If you're looking to boost stamina and libido power, then check out a doctors approved supplement called Vigrx Plus. It offer to Improve Erection Quality and Sex Drive In Just 84 Days With HARDER, longer-lasting erections on demand. For women to help her with her sexual libido, check out a supplement called Her Solution. It works GREAT for stimulating female libido and will make her want you more and more!


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A Laboratory Study of asphalt mix improvement techniques and test
methods to asses Rutting potential
H.I. AI-Abdul Wahhab
ROAD & TRANSPORT RESEARCH Vol.3 No.4 December 1994
Recent constructed highway pavements, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
are experiencing premature high levels of wheel track rutting. Many factors
were thought to contribute to rutting, including high ambient pavement
temperatures, a high number of loaded trucks, high tire pressures, and
unfavorable mix properties. This paper outlines laboratory work conducted to
select aggregate gradation and treatment methods to improve local mixes
resistance to rutting. Two mixes were optimized for wearing course and base
course applications. Moreover, laboratory tests were evaluated for their
ability to predict rutting. Results indicated that mixes with different
gradations can be best ranked using the Hveem method.
However, if mixes have relatively similar gradations then a resilient modulus
has a better ability to rank mixes based on their rutting susceptibility.


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So I want to cut my hair because I straighten it ALL the time and it's very badly damaged :( I have curly hair and it is already at my shoulders and cutting the dead hair to leave it all healthy would result in VERY short hair. My question is can anyone pull off having a short hair cut based on body frame and such? Should I even cut it? I'm scared I'm not going to like it and run the risk of looking hideous :( Help!
Most Helpful Girl
Chances that it will end up good are really low because from what I've seen it seldom looks amazing on a girl. Don't get me wrong there's definitely a few who do look good but I've seen more fails than good. I would suggest talking to some kinda hair expert at a good salon about this first. You have to take your hair texture into consideration too but they will help you. In fact don't just go to one, go to 2 or more because you don't want to end up making a mistake that's just going to because you even more misery. Some people would say go and take a chance but this is one of those things that I'd first think about slowly and carefully. Get expert advice on this!11|00|1


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BROWNING, Mont. – Mortgage agency Fannie Mae has invested $2 million in equity to help build 20 units of affordable rental housing on the Blackfeet reservation.
Tribal representatives and housing officials gathered here for the project's completion ceremony, which was held recently.
Fannie Mae's federal charter will not allow it to lend money directly for housing, but it can indirectly fund units by buying Low Income Housing Tax Credits, as it has done here to help finance the new single-family homes of the South Flatiron project.
Fannie Mae's contribution was the largest but not the only financing for the housing. The tribe contributed some of its federal housing block grant money, and other private sources were tapped as well.
Tax credit deals always involve a number of parties, and this one was no different. Although the LIHTC is a federal program, it is administered by states, so the award of credits was made by the Montana Board of Housing.
Since tribes pay no federal income taxes, the tax credits are useless to them, and typically they are sold to investors through the capital markets. Here, Enterprise Social Investment Corp. and Raymond James Tax Credit Funds combined to make the sale to Fannie Mae.
The new development consists of 10 two-bedroom and 10 three-bedroom units, available to low-income residents for as little as $225 per month.
Amenities include fenced yards, dishwashers, and carports, as well as full views of nearby Glacier National Park.
Fannie Mae's involvement came as part of its "American Dream" commitment to buy $2 trillion in affordable housing loans between 2000 and 2010. It already has reached the halfway point of that commitment.
Fannie Mae specifically targeted American Indian housing when it announced in 2000 that it would buy or invest in $1.25 billion in housing finance through 2005 in the state of Montana. It plans to assist 11,000 residents of the state through its Montana partnership office, headed by Mary Lou Affleck.
For all of last year, Fannie Mae bought or invested in $217 million of housing on Indian lands, a huge boost from $81 million the year before.
As previously reported in Indian Country Today, President Bush's proposal to cut the tax on corporate dividends presents a direct challenge to Indian country deals done with the LIHTC. That's because corporations would have to choose between the two.
The Senate's move to cut the President's tax proposal in half, and Bush's more recent, smaller scaling back of his proposal, are thus good news for LIHTC deals because it is likely there won't be enough in the smaller packages to cover the dividend proposal, and it may be jettisoned.
The Blackfeet and their Montana neighbors, the Confederated Salish & Kootenai tribes, have taken advantage of the LIHTC to finance a dozen housing projects using it between them.
In addition to having a great need for housing as on most reservations, the Blackfeet Tribe has an additional problem in especially poor quality of homes built here. Some here have ascribed the infestation to poor quality "HUD homes" funded by the federal government.