text:
Many years ago, in a ghost hunting workshop in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, I was told that there is more history disseminated about African American history on a ghost tour than on a regular history tour. I had a problem with that then and I have a problem with that now because it appears that not much has changed.
Since the Slave Dwelling Project started in 2010, I have spent three nights in the Old Charleston Jail in Charleston, South Carolina. Historically, men of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry were held captive there after the July 18, 1863 Assault on Battery Wagner on Morris Island, South Carolina. This battle was portrayed in the 1989 award winning movie Glory starring Denzel Washington, Morgan Freeman and Matthew Broderick. My reason for staying there was that the men of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry fought to end the institution of slavery. Before the stay in the Old Charleston Jail, I was often reminded that it was the most haunted place in Charleston. Well, sorry to disappoint, three nights of sleeping in that jail, I saw or detected nothing that could be defined as ghost encounters. Honoring the men who were held captive there was my intent and that was certainly accomplished. Since the inception of the Slave Dwelling Project, it has never been my intent to chase ghosts.
Fast forward to the present and on the nights of May 7 and 8, 2016 members of the Slave Dwelling Project slept in the Brentsville Jail in Brentsville, Virginia. This event was rescheduled from the previous year because of a pending Hurricane. According to its website: "The Jail was built in 1822. The Jail would serve Prince William County for the next 71 years. When the County seat was moved to Manassas in 1893 the building served in many capacities. These included a dormitory for a girls' school, a private home and an office space."
In the antebellum era, the jail was used to hold both slaves and free black men in an attempt to return them to their masters. 1835 William Hyden, a freed black, was falsely arrested as a runaway slave, after attempts to sell him into slavery were unsuccessful, he escaped in 1836. In 1839 a slave held in the jail tried setting it on fire. He was hanged for the offense. Six years later a slave named Katy was convicted and executed at the jail for the murder of her master, Gerald Mason. In 1859, five slaves were convicted of the brutal slaying of their master with axes, shovels and sticks. The three adults were hanged, but two young twins were sparred. It is the aforementioned stories and others like these that tend to appeal to ghost hunters.
When Terry James and I arrived at the site, we immediately started to look for fingerprints in the bricks of the buildings. We regard those fingerprints as the signatures of our enslaved Ancestors. We were not disappointed because many bricks on the courthouse were touched by the enslaved and they left many fingerprints. In this courthouse, many enslaved people were convicted and condemned to death or some other fate that would separate them form their families. The fingerprints were evidence enough for me that the enslaved existed. I did not need some unexplainable ghostly encounter to prove that.
The jail is currently being restored and the interior was filled with construction material so the space had to be navigated cautiously. The plan is to interpret the documented history of the jail in the space. The heating system was functional which would be necessary for the night's sleep over. Exposed electrical wires made me question our safety. A ladder allowed us access to the top floor where we saw the evidence of where the jail was set on fire by the enslaved person who was later hanged. The hand hewn timber was additional evidence that the enslaved helped to build the jail.
Terry and I would be joined that night by Lynda Davis for her fourth stay; Ann McWirth for her second stay; and Sharon Williams for her first stay. Both Lynda and Ann had joined me at Gunston Hall in Lorton, VA for their very first overnight stay.
For the ghost hunters, again I am sorry to disappoint. We experienced nothing weird on any of the two nights that we slept there that could be interpreted as ghost related and we slept in the room where an individual was shot. Our sleepover was business as usual as we took advantage of the opportunity to engage in a meaningful conversation about the institution of slavery and the legacy that it has left on this nation.
When the first gentleman to enter the jail on Saturday morning, was told about our previous night experience of sleeping in the jail, he immediately inquired about ghosts. Our negative response was not the answer that he sought. Our day continued to be peppered with inquiries about ghosts. One visitor was extreme because she had invested in equipment that is supposed to detect ghosts.
The first day of the event was titled: Brentsville Court & Trades. It was a cornucopia of living history events. White men dressed in Civil War uniform participated. White women dressed in antebellum attire also participated. One gentleman and his companion dressed in modern attire demonstrated the job of a wheelwright. I would find out later that hearth cooking had also been demonstrated. Terry James and I donned our Civil War uniforms so we fitted right in. We managed to engage the limited number of people who showed up for the event with information about the Slave Dwelling Project.
This overnight stay was an eye opener for me. I applaud our host Prince William County Parks and Recreation for the invitation. This was my second encounter with them and there is great potential for more.
On a more general note, it still irks me that some people are more comfortable dealing with the history of the enslaved through ghost stories. Is it that the facts of that horrible institution are too much to bare? Or is that we want to continue to think of the enslavers as people who were humane? Maybe we want to continue to think that this great nation did not commit any atrocities in its past.
While Prince William County Parks and Recreation is doing a beautiful job in restoring the jail to interpret the history based on documented facts, they are in a position to stifle the anxiety of the ghost hunters. I got all indications that they will do just that. The Slave Dwelling Project is looking forward to continuing to work with Prince William County in the future.
Sharon Williams
I slept overnight on May 6 and 7th, 2016 with the Slave Dwelling project. It was an interesting experience sleeping in a Jail that once held enslaved people. I did not experience the same conditions they would have experienced. I had a sleeping bag and a pad which I purchased at Target for the second night. The wood floor was hard on my back. Bill, the curator of the site told us that the Jail was so exposed to the elements that the Jailer actually asked for shutters on the building. He was afraid that the incarcerated people would freeze to death. Brentsville jail was a holding jail where people awaited their court dates. Those found guilty on Court days would not serve out their sentences there but be sent to Richmond.
Brentsville Jail was built in 1820 before the courthouse which was built in 1822. I wonder where legal proceedings took place in those 2 years. Court Days at Brentsville Jail were days where you would have seen a lot of hustle and bustle given that the Courthouse next to the Jail was the county courthouse for Prince William County. It would have been a noisy, busy day I imagine as one of the historical markers indicated. Enslaved people would have been "sold" on those days. Also, people were hung from the Gallows in the back pasture. There are only 13 documented cases of Hangings at Brentsville Courthouse and Jail. It should be noted that 12 out of the 13 cases of hangings were of African Americans. Agness and Katy were two African American women who killed their white enslavers. Agness was executed for killing her master, Gerard Mason, a descendant of George Mason. How can they be judged as murderers and killed when they were deemed to be property in the 19th Century? They probably endured much physical and emotional suffering to be driven to murder. The gallows were not permanent because they were taken down after and then erected when there was an execution.
Lots of people asked us if we saw ghosts in the jail or heard things in the night. We did not see or hear ghosts. That is not why we were there. I don't believe in ghosts. I believe though that slavery is the unfinished business of this country. By bringing up ghosts, you are not focusing on the living stories of the people who lived their lives there. The slave dwelling project is about honoring the living not the dead. This is my humble opinion. I want the dead to rest in peace. Besides, that is a distraction from dealing with the realities of slavery and the realities faced by the enslaved people who found themselves at Brentsville. Many of them were resisting a system they did not create. Joe McGill said in one of our conversations you can learn a lot about African American History on a Ghost Tour. I find that sad. What does that say about public history if the stories of the enslaved are always treated as a side show and not a main event? Also the focus on ghosts feels unconsciously racist to me in my opinion. When I think of ghost I think of the Klu Klux Klan.
I spent some time walking around the Brentsville Historic site – which contains the courthouse, a church, the foundations of a tavern or ordinary overgrown with grass and trees, a middle class cabin in the back which contained a hearth. The Fingerprints in the bricks of the courthouse and the jail made me think about the women and children who made those bricks.
When I think about American History, the stories we the people are told really are 3/5 of story because so much of it is denied, whited out, ignored and told as flat out lies with no basis in either written documentation or oral history. Enslaved Africans and their descendants might have been measured as 3/5 of a person but, we the people as either descendants of the enslaved or the enslavers have been hurt by the legacy of slavery because these places contain valuable information about resistance to slavery that should not be forgotten because these stories unfortunately are still being played out.
Lynda Davis
On May 6 and May 7, 2016, I stayed overnight in the Brentsville Jail. I had not been arrested. I was staying overnight as part of the Slave Dwelling Project. I was staying overnight to honor and remember the lives of people such as:
• William Hyden, a free black person who was falsely arrested as a runaway slave in 1835; was able to avoid being sold into slavery; and was able to escape from Brentsville in 1836 (1&2).
• Agness, an enslaved person who was executed for killing her master, Gerard Mason, a descendant of George Mason (1&2).
• Mr. Crawford, an abolitionist who was jailed on August 27, 1857 for declaring that he was an Abolitionist and saying that "persons have not the right of property in slaves under the law" (1).
People often inquire why I as a European American participate in the overnight stays with the Slave Dwelling Project. Some people say we should just get over it. Some people say it's too painful.
I participate because I believe in the mission of the Slave Dwelling Project (4) and I believe it fits with the mission, vision, values, and practices of Coming to the Table (5), a group of which I am a member. The four practices of Coming to the Table are:
1. Uncovering History: researching, acknowledging, and sharing personal, family and community histories of race with openness and honesty.
2. Making Connections: connecting to others within and across racial lines in order to develop and deepen relationships.
3. Working Toward Healing: exploring how we can heal together through dialogue, reunion, ritual, ceremony, the arts, apology and other methods.
4. Taking Action: actively seeking to heal the wounds of racial inequality and injustice and to support racial reconciliation between individuals, within families, and in communities.
For me participating in the Slave Dwelling Project and remembering the lives of the enslaved, the free black people, and the abolitionists such as Agness, William Hyden, and Mr. Crawford is an excellent way of uncovering our history, increasing our connectedness, working toward healing, and propelling us into taking action to dismantle systemic racism.
1. Prince William County Government Public Works Department. "Brentsville-Link to the Underground Railroad." http://www.pwcgov.org/government/dept/publicworks/hp/Pages/Brentsville-Link-to-the-Underground-Railroad.aspx.
2. Prince William County Government Public Works Department. "Brentsville Courthouse Historic Centre." http://www.pwcgov.org/government/dept/publicworks/hp/Pages/Brentsville-Courthouse-Historic-Centre.aspx.
3. Powell, Erin. "Brentsville Courthouse and Jail Offer Lessons in History." Bristow Beat. February 11, 2012 http://bristowbeat.com/community/brentsville-courthouse-and-jail/.
4. The Slave Dwelling Project. http://slavedwellingproject.org/about-the-slave-dwelling-project/.
5. Coming to the Table. http://comingtothetable.org/about-us/vision-mission-values/.


text:
I used to be one of those girls that would always have the biggest bag and would literally be carrying everything with me, including the kitchen sink - I mean, I still kinda do when I'm going to work in the week - but on weekends or days out, I'm now in to smaller (mini, if you will) bags.
My current mini bag of choice is this one from Primark... it was £4, bargain!! Fancy having a nosy at what I can fit in this thing?...
01. Keys // I have far too many keyrings!
02. Purse // Cards, change, you know the drill. The purse is from Topshop and was a gift from the boyf a few years ago.
03. Clarins Lip Oil // I always carry around some sort of lip balm, this is my current favourite - FYI its so good! (You can read my review here).
04. Ear phones // these are just the generic ones you get with your phone, they're actually not too bad!
05. Hair pins // You never know when you'll need to put your hair up or sort out your "do", these are in every bag I own!
06. Sunglasses // You never know when the suns going to come out in the UK! I love this pair, I picked them up from Asos (check them out here).
07. Phone // duh! This is my right arm and i never go anywhere without it. The case is from Accessorise.
08. The "Touch Ups" // I like to keep a little bag of makeup goodies in case I need to touch up my makeup throughout the day or if i didn't have time to put makeup on before I left the house. The Bobbi Brown Corrector also has a tiny mirror - that is one makeup product that I wouldn't leave the house without!
09. Spritz // I like to carry some sort of body spritz with me, my current one is one from Soap & Glory.
This bag is my Mary Poppins bag! I'm surprised just how much I can fit in it! Hope all you lovelies out there are having a great weekend! xo

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Flea Busters powder works great fot the house (when those flea bombs did not!). It's not cheap and a pain to bang into the carpet tho. I think there is a 1-800 number.
I have discovered my cat has fleas and am in need of recommendations for flea treatment. I know veterinarians recommend either advantage or frontline but is there another treatment that is affective but not as expensive? I am on limited funds and I have heard horror stories of other flea medicines that can cause death and want to be sure I get the right treatment. Also, what do you suggest for the house. I know I need to vacuum and clean thoroughly but do I need to buy a spray or something for the furniture and carpets? Any useful information is appreciated. I want to get this taken care of ASAP. Thanks!!
Let me thank everyone for all the advice. I purchased a dose of Frontline from Petvet Pet Foods in El Cerrito. It was much less expensive than Petco. I applied it last night and tonight when I combed her with a flea comb I only retrieved one flea which is a vast improvement from yesterday. So far it seams to have worked. I will continue to comb her and vacuum the house. From now on I will keep up on the flea prevention so I hopefully don't have them in the future. Thanks again for all the recommendations.
Flea Busters powder works great fot the house (when those flea bombs did not!). It's not cheap and a pain to bang into the carpet tho. I think there is a 1-800 number.
I put a request on freecycle.org when I needed advantage (we had strays that I found homes for). I got some for free. You only need a small amount for one cat, not what it says on the package. One little drop on the back of the neck will do it. Good luck! C.
I discovered a product that you get from the Vets office for flea treatment in the home. It is called Sephitrol.
It cost me $18 but you spray it on the carpet and floor area, it has no odor and is not harmfull to people. It gets rid of the fleas and eggs instantly....so worth the money. Before this I used Euculyptus leaves under the couch and chairs, but that was a much more bohemian method...it does work also, but not nearly as well. :)
We had an awful infestation of fleas and the Frontline wasn't working on its own. We got some fleabusters (http://www.fleabuster.com/) and applied it ourselves. It took a few months to break the cycle, but it really worked. Now we use Frontline, and our vet will sell it to us one dose at a time. Fleabusters is about $100 (which seems like a lot right now, I am sure), but we had literally used the chemical flea bombs three months in a row and it just wasn't working. See if your vet or anim al shelter will sell you frontline in single doses... also, if you bathe your cat, wait a few days to apply Frontline or advantage because they both work with the cats' natural oils in their skin (which wash away with the bath).
I am an emergency veterinarian who sees the cases of the inexpensive flea treatment that turns into the 1000 dollar flea treatment. Please use advantage or frontine. Compared to what you could spend they are worth the money. You do not need a veterinarian to get them. You can get them at petco or petsmart.
Try your Vet for a free sample of Frontline or Advantage or maybe your local SPCA or animal shelter has a coupon you could use. You can use a flea comb for temporary relief just make sure to squish the little buggers. Vaccuum often and get rid of the vacuum bag each time. I would not recommend using any sprays inside the house. The good thing is that Advantage and I believe Front line too work as a birth control for fleas so eventually there won't be anymore new ones. Finally, if you don't want to continue to have to buy and apply the flea treatments/preventatives I would recommend keeping your kitty inside only(as long as you don't have a dog who brings them in from outside ;). Hope your flea free soon.
Euculptyus (not sure of spelling) oil helps. Years ago when I had a cat, I was told that you can get collars with this in it. I bought one but the cat was trying to get out of it, so I took it off and put it under the sofa and never had problems with fleas. There are several essential oils out there that will take care of fleas. Check out your natural health store... if you have a Sunshine Natural Foods around you, they are very knowledgeable. I go to the one on Fair Oaks & Madison. Be sure to get all the pros & cons of the essential oils.
As a veterinary nurse, I've seen cats come in that had the wrong flea meds put on. Horrible!!! Never, ever use dog flea stuff on your cat - that's why they seizure. I know they can be expensive, but Advantage and Frontline for cats are the best and safest to use on the cats. If you have a major flea problem in the carpet, than spray for them. If not, just use the flea med on the cat and the flea life cycle eventually comes to an end (esp with frontline) and the fleas disappear. Talk to your vet or google Frontline to understand the life cycle of fleas.
Good luck.
Hi J.-
I use an all natural treatment. It's not as expensive as frontline and smells somuch better. It's called Nature's guardian. THe main ingredients are clove oil, peppermint oil, lemon oil, etc. It says to use every two weeks. I only use it once a month. I also use it spray down my curtains, door ways, kitty beds - anywhere a flea might get or anywhere the cats sleep, play, or scratch. It keeps them from destroying my furniture, and in the past four years I have not seen any fleas. I don't use it in the winter except to deodorize the home and their beds/roosts. It seems to work well. It's a green pump spray bottle, costs anywhere from $7-$12. I used to get it at Target or Walmart (hint- the dog one is exactly the same as the cat one!) but also purchased it at Petco. It won't harm your pets or your kids. I used to use frontline spray, but the cats hated it, I had to wear gloves to use it, and the chemical smell- well, it couldn't possibly be good or safe for the pets let alone any kids. SO I switched and LOVE IT.
I just remembered too, that to do an initial cleaning, give your cat a bath using dawn original liquid soap. THEN treat with flea spray. TO wash, lather with a light layer of dawn, let sit for a couple minutes, then rinse. YOu will see the fleas dying. Take a pair of tweezers to the rest and treat the house.
Hope this helps!
I use Advantage for my cats. I bought a 10 application supply on Ebay for around $18.00. It was wonderful and all the fleas were gone within a day or so. Buying it on Ebay is way cheaper than the vet.
For the house, if you use Advantage or Frontline you don't need anything else. The still living fleas from the house will jump on the cat and die. It will rid your entire house of fleas.
Years ago when we had cats we had a huge infestation of fleas. We called out "fleabusters" & they came out & sprinkled this all natural powder in our carpet & I am not kidding after a couple weeks we never had fleas again ever. (10 years plus til the cats died). It dries them out. I have heard now that you can buy the stuff & apply it yourself for much cheaper. I just googled them & it is still available.
I saw one of two, either Advantage or Frontline at Costco in Danville, last week. I am sure you save money on it there, but not sure how much.... Unfortunately, my sister, who has a cat, tried to go with an off-brand one and it didn't work. They don't do anything for the house as if the cat doesn't have any fleas, the house won't either.
I bathed my cat in flea bath (FUN), I used powder, and I used over the counter drops and nothing worked. I finally bought Frontline and it took care of them right away. You could see them on the tips of her fur dying. Gross but effective. I just vacuumed my apt a lot and she never had the problem again. Good luck!
Fleas hate Eucalyptus (spelling?). I got a cat coller with it at the health food store and have not seen a flea since. A friend of ours had them bad in his backyard and put down wood chips made from it and the fles are gone.
Good Luck,
Hi J., My cats used to get fleas. I use Advantage. I know that it is expensive. I had a cat, who is no longer with us, but we were on very limited funds. I used a cheap flea treatment from Walmart. My cat almost died. She got down to 2 pounds, wouldn't eat, and her coat looked like she was dipped in oil. The vet bills to get her healthy were so expensive. She lived to be 16, however her health was never the same. She always had upper respitory problems which the vet says was a permanent cause of the allergic reaction. My suggestion, is to have your cat groomed with a flea dip and start advantage. You can try to find it online for cheaper. I started using this years ago for my dogs too, and glad to say we are flea free. I don't use it as often as I should anymore, because it does get expensive when you have alot of animals. They do sell natural sprays to spray in your house, but I found that that kind of stuff never really worked. Good Luck
we had a recurring flea problem until we called fleabusters.
we had previously used EVERY other product/method and the problem either persisted or returned. i highly recommend you call them. i do not work for the company, just hate fleas!
also, those bombs are toxic and require a ridiculous amount of cleanup afterwards.
good luck.
I worked as a vet tech in college and let me just say that the over the counter drops, collers and powders are extreamly toxic and should never be used. We generally had one to two cats a month come in with kidney failure from these products. If you can't afford frontline or advantage there are some natual products that can help.
Bathe your cat once a week in a combination of pet shampoo and salt. Use salt water to rinse. This will probably dry out your cat's skin but that is only temporary. If you can get your hands on natural orange oil you can use that as well (doesn't take much, just a touch behind the coller). Next salt your carpet and use a broom to really work it into the pile. Let this sit overnight and then vaccume. Empty your vaccume into the trash as soon as you are done. Repeat the salt and vaccume procedure every 3 days.
I have heard people in the past recommend feeding garlic. This is actually only safe for dogs, garlic can make cats quite ill.
Good luck,
It might not be what you want to hear, but Frontline and Advantage are the best out there and the only ones you should use. The others are toxic and can be harmful, especially to cats because they lick often to clean themselves. But Frontline and Advantage WORK, and work well. It's just an expense we have to spend to have pets in flea country (Sac valley).
I would recommend giving your cat a bath first to rid of all existing fleas on her then once she's dry, add the drops to the back of the neck. Fleas are a pain in the booty to get rid of - so you'll have to get rid of the ones in the carpet also. They lay their larvae in the bottom of the carpet so i have the best suggestion for you, and it's cost affective. It may sound weird, but i've been using and recommending it for years, so give it a try. It's Borax (brand name), or boric acid. It's non-toxic, cheap, easy to use, found in almost every store and great if you have little ones in the house. Just sprinkle evenly on the carpeted areas, even on rugs, and let stand overnight and vacuum in the morning. What it does is dry the larvae of the fleas.
Whenever you put a product on an animal that kills the fleas, the fleas go into "survival" mode, laying all the eggs they can before they die. So even when you get rid of the ones on the pet, you still have to contend with the ones hatching 3 weeks later. The Borax dries up the eggs and if you keep up on the Advantage you shouldn't ever have any problems again if it doesn't get out of hand. Borax only costs about $3.
Good luck! And let me know an update, I haven't had anyone say it hasn't worked yet - and i've been helping people with this problem for years!
My cat just recently got fleas, so i went and got a generic drop product. It was aweful. The oily fur, he was rolling in dirt to try to rid himself of it, he didn't like bathing so he started to stink. So after bathing him a lot and then letting him recover for a couple weeks i got him a flea collar. It took a few days for the fleas to go away, faster around the neck, a little longer further back. He's a much happier, much more affectionate cat.
I grew up with a lot of cats, one after the other my whole life. I have never had a cat get sick from a flea collar. The smell of the collar is odd, but not truly bad, and it dissipates with the age of the collar. They're very cheap.
i also recommend Drsfostersmith.com or carealotpets.com. Drs foster smith has bio spot their own brand of flea stuff and we used the dog version on our dog for many years it works great and it's way cheaper than advantage or frontline. Target also now sell some Drs. Foster smith stuff so you might want to check with them also. Usually applying the stuff to your pet also gets rid of them in your house within a few days unless you have a really bad infestation. In that case lots of vacuuming every few days for a couple of weeks will help prevent new eggs from hatching. Good luck.
hi there J....
well you've hit the nail on the head, frontline and advantage are your best bets, and while their sticker price is on the higher side as far as flea meds go, anything else will cost you more in the long run, and work nowhere near as well. if you purchase the advantage "large dog formula", at a price with shipping of around $50.00 see site i've listed here...
you will have 24 doses of flea med for one 9lb and over cat, thats two tears of flea control, no sprays, no powders, no fleas, no headaches...
every pack of advantage, regaurdless of what it says; dog 55+ lbs, or cat under 9 lbs, is exactly the same chemicaly, they are no more different then say a two liter of coca-cola classic and a 12oz can of coca-cola classic, where-in the difference is in container size and number of servings per. the same is true for advantage flea medicine, and like with most products, the more you buy, the cheaper it gets.
if you can administer tylenol to an infant in the dark, and half asleep, whilwe you yourself are heavily dosed on nyquil, well then you can easily administer advantage that is sold in 4.0 ml x 6 packaging, to your >9 lbs kitty who only requires a 0.4 ml dose, or your <9 lbs cat the proper 0.8ml dose. in two months time you will have eliminated all evidence of the fleas who are freeloading off you and your kitty.
if you have any questions; dosage, availability, how to, where, when, anything, and i mean anything, lewt me know and i'm happy to assist you an any way that i can, and if for some reason i fi9nd i cannot, i will get you in touch with awonderful vetrinary hospital with a sleugh of docs, and techs who will gladly answer your questions and advise you in all things kitty (dog, hamster, ferret, etc.), by phone for free!!
good luck
Hi J., I work for a Vet. We always recommend Advantage. it's safe and easy to use. Some vets will give you a free tube if you buy 6 . That may help you . Stay away from Bio Spot .I've heard horror stories about it and have seen 1 cat die. You can put a flea collar in your vacuum cleaner bag,But flea collars don't really work on the animals.
You can buy flea bombs for the house .Once you have your cats fleas under control , you shouldn't have a problem .But you have to keep up with the flea control on your cat.
Good Luck with this. K.
There's the Hartz one, but I don't actually know if it's as good as Frontline or Advantage. It's about 1/3 the cost.
Amazon.com has a good price on Advantage, plus there is no tax or shipping.
I bombed, washed my cat, frontlined, combed, vacuumed, and even moved into a different apartment, yet still have a few fleas. It seems that regular and thorough vacuuming and daily combing keep it at bay the best. Steam cleaning is supposed to be an eco-friendly way to get them out of your house. I didn't try it. Almost wish I had. If you can afford it, get your carpet cleaned with flea treatment. It will mean that you have to go away for the weekend, and should before hand remove as much furniture as possible.
If your cat is indoor/outdoor, a few fleas are normal and not the end of the world. My advice is to not sweat a few of them, and just keep them under control.


text:
You will need the following items for this spell:
- Nothing
An easy way to get back to those who do bad things to you. This spell is just to set a score straight it is not meant to hurt a person physically to a terrible state, but a person will get hurt in some way
Casting Instructions for 'Easy Bad Luck'
|Print Spell
|Mark this spell as Spam
Please report any violations of copyright via our contact page.
* All information on this page is provided by the coven or person named and the contents of this page is not mediated by the administrators of the website. Please use common sense when following any directions on this page. Do not ingest anything which does not seem safe. If you suspect the content of this page to be intentionally deceiving please contact us immediately.


text:
An initiative has been launched to tackle the 'astonishing' number of accidents in which older people are injured or killed at home.
Figures show that 1,330 older people have an accident at home every day – almost half a million accidents annually.
In the light of this, Age Concern and gas distribution business National Grid are launching the first 'Safer Homes Week'.
Home safety
It will highlight a range of home safety services available and provide practical advice and support to older people, their carers and friends.
The initiative focuses on the simple steps that can be taken around gas safety, including the dangers of carbon monoxide.
It also looks at energy efficiency, home security and protection from bogus callers, accidents, and gives advice on helping people stay warm and well at home.
Faulty appliances
Safer Homes Week – which runs from 22 October – is also urging people to become more vigilant over simple safety hazards.
These include faulty gas appliances and electric blankets, tangled cables at the back of the TV and ill-fitting slippers, which are believed to be the biggest cause of falls in the home.


text:
Bacon-Corn Chowder
Cindi Bauer
This is my favorite chowder recipe!
- 6 slices
- bacon, cooked, crumbled, and set aside
- 2 cups
- water
- 2 cups
- diced potatoes
- 1/2 cup
- thinly sliced carrots
- 1/2 cup
- thinly sliced celery
- 1/4 cup
- finely chopped onions
- 1 tsp.
- salt
- 1/2 tsp.
- pepper
- 1/4 tsp.
- dried thyme
- 1 can
- (14.75 ounces) cream style corn
- Half of
- 1-(14.75 ounce) can cream style corn
- 1/4 cup
- butter
- 1/4 cup
- cornstarch
- 2 cups
- milk
- 2 cups
- shredded sharp cheddar cheese
How to Make Bacon-Corn Chowder
- 1In a large soup pot (12 cup capacity), add the water, potatoes, carrots, celery, onion, salt, pepper, and thyme.
- 2Bring to a boil, reduce heat, cover, and simmer for 15 minutes (until the vegetables are some what tender). Do not drain.
- 3Add the 1-1/2 cans of cream style corn, and the bacon. Keep covered, and cook over very low heat.
- 4To make the white sauce: 1.) In a medium-size saucepan (over low heat), add the butter until it's melted. 2.) Then in a glass measuring cup or bowl, combine the milk and cornstarch; mix well. 3.) Raise the heat just a bit, then add the milk-cornstarch mixture, and keep stirring until it becomes somewhat thick. 4.) Add the shredded cheese, then stir until the cheese is completely melted. 5.) Add this to the corn chowder; stir and heat through thoroughly, but do not boil.
- 5Ladle the soup into bowls and serve.
About Bacon-Corn Chowder
Course/Dish: Chowders
Main Ingredient: Vegetable
Regional Style: American
Other Tag: For Kids
Hashtags: #easy, #chowder, #Kid Friendly, #corn chowder, #beginner-cook, #bacon, #Bacon-Corn Chowder


text:
Fixed Focus is a powerful brain supplement that uses herbal and natural ingredients to help boost your mental focus capabilities.
Offered by Herbalogic, this supplement contains two key herbal adaptogens as well as Chinese white tea, rich in the herbal amino acid L-theanine. Together, these ingredients help improve the quality and duration of your focus and concentration, whilst boosting your alertness and mitigating your vulnerability to distractions that hamper your productivity.
Fixed Focus can be used by diluting a small amount -- 10 drops per 50 pounds of body weight -- in water or any other liquid of your choice. This brain supplement can be taken as often as every two to three hours for an instant and reliable focus boost.
This supplement will appeal to students as well as busy professionals who find themselves in high-stakes situations where they need to remain on point.
Mind-Focusing Herbal Drops
More Stats +/-
Nutritional Anti-Aging Beverages
Energizing Electrolyte Gels
Energy-Boosting Chocolates
Ecological Supplement Branding
Handmade Supplement Capsules
This Herbal Brain Supplement Improves Your Focus and Alertness
- By: Rahul KalvapalleJan 26, 2016
References: herbalogic
References: herbalogic


text:
Based on real characters who lived on the frontier during the lead up to America's 1846 war with Mexico, David M. Jessup has woven a spellbinding prequel to his award-winning first novel, Mariano's Crossing. The new book, Mariano's Choice, is to be released by Pronghorn Press on September 30, 2016. According to New York Times bestselling author Sandra Dallas, the book "adds flesh and blood to the bones of one of the West's legendary mountain men."
When young Mariano Medina witnesses a vicious attack on a girl he adores, he flees in inexplicable terror. Fifteen years later, as a grown man training horses along the Oregon Trail, he has a chance to redeem himself if he can overcome his cowardly urge to flee. His choice will lead Medina back to the land of his childhood, where he must confront his darkest fears and uncover the hidden source of his panic in the ghostly stare that haunts his dreams.
"Mariano's Choice is one of those rare, wonderful books that sticks in the mind and heart long after you've read the last page," according to Anne Hillerman, New York Times best-selling author. "Masterfully paced, it offers an intriguing snapshot of the West through the eyes of characters largely ignored by mainstream fiction."
A book launch event is scheduled for October 1st at Sylvan Dale Ranch west of Loveland, Colorado. The event includes a tour of historic sites described in the books, breakfast and lunch, followed by a reading and book signing, with proceeds going to the non-profit Heart-J Center for Experiential Education. For more information contact David Jessup directly at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
There are no reviews yet.
One main cause of visible aging is glycation, which occurs when excess glucose molecules bind to collagen and elastin fibers and prompt the formation of advanced glycation end-products (A.G.E.s) that lead to severe skin wrinkling. Skinceuticals AGE Interrupter is a unique treatment formulated with 4% blueberry extract, 30% Proxylane™ and 0.2% phytosphingosine to help prevent the glycation process and correct severe signs of aging in mature skin.
Blueberry extract slows down the process of advanced glycation end-product (A.G.E.) formation, preventing collagen and elastin fibers from becoming rigid. Proxylane™ stimulates GAG synthesis, restoring water and nutrients to the dermal-epidermal junction. Phytosphingosine helps protect the skin's barrier to alleviate discomfort associated with dry, aging skin.
In a clinical study using fluorescence measurements, blueberry extract in the presence of ribose as a reducing sugar had a similar dose response to positive control aminoguanidine, a potent glycation inhibitor. In addition, in reconstructed skin containing collagen modified by glycation, treatment with blueberry extract diminished CML antibodies (one of the A.G.E.s found in chronologically aged skin in-vivo), and returned previously over-expressed biomarkers to a normal pattern of distribution. These results indicate a return to skin's normal morphological structure.
Massage a thin, even veil into the entire face, neck and chest once or twice daily.
There are no reviews yet.


text:
Roane State Community College housing prices
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Information about Roane State Community College housing prices, and registering for elective discussion sections and seminars. As a student, your first stop should be the registrar's office, where you can pick up a free copy of both the academic calendar and course catalog, in order to find available credit classes that you may be interested in taking. In-person class registration has largely been replaced with online sign-up, and many schools offer mobile apps that streamline the course registration process. Finally, check with the admissions office for assistance with prerequisites, tuition payment deadlines, and Roane State Community College off-campus housing options information. Please use the form above to request admissions info for Roane State Community College.
Living in a dormitory is a great option for new students, as it provides the comfort of being surrounded by other people while far away from home. However, the dorms can get noisy which makes studying difficult, and there's always someone who wants to talk to you late into the night. As you mature, you may feel that the independence of your own apartment is worth the additional expense.
Sharing an apartment with roommates is a common cost-saving option, and a quick visit to the off-campus housing office will let you know how much two-bedroom apartments near campus cost. Before you sign a rental contract, note the main elements of the length of the contract, when your security deposit may be returned, and on what conditions, and if you can sub-lease your apartment if you have to leave early. If you can't get your landlord to make repairs, can always contact free legal aid through the school's student services office. Beyond degree requirements such as Roane State Community College student housing, you may consider University of Puget Sound registry for complementary electives to your primary course of study.
Student Affairs Coordinator
The Art Institutes
Coordinate New Student Orientation in cooperation with Admissions, Education and Student Affairs staff and promote a successful transition to college life.
16 hours ago Admissions Advisor-Addison, IL
Chamberlain College of Nursing
Admissions advisors interview prospective students to determine their motivation for attending college; Successful admissions advisors will..
3 days ago Student Affairs Advisor
UC San Diego
Knowledge of UC policies and procedures related to graduate education including admissions, diversity, student services, and other related topics.
1 day ago Sr Academic Advisor
University of New Mexico
Graduate program admissions procedures. Experience with academic advising in a college or university setting..
6 hours ago Undergrad Admissions Counselor
Yeshiva University
The Admissions Counselor will support student recruitment and participate in the admissions decision process.
5 days ago


text:
American Food Delivery in Avondale
Food Delivery » Avondale » American
Hungry for American delivery in Avondale? Eat24.com is the best way to find American restaurants that deliver to you. Just enter your address in the search box above and find delivery menus, browse reviews and find exclusive online coupons from your local restaurants. 24/7 and completely FREE! Whether looking for breakfast, lunch, dinner or a late night snack, Eat24 has it all.
Order Online Directly From the Restaurant Menu with NO extra charge
American Food Delivery Restaurants by Neighborhoods
Coldwater Springs (2)
Upland Park (1)
All Avondale American Restaurants


text:
The Future Postal Service
Maybe ( ) Together
Drop into a hive of postal activity involving big questions, blue hats and random acts of kindness.
The Future Postal Service is a high energy and big thinking mail delivery game, capturing the thoughts of children and delivering them to adult's eyes.
Like many of Maybe ( ) Together's works, The Future Postal Service takes children's voices into public space. Through a simple game of post, children transform an adult-dominated space into their play space.
To read more about the concepts behind the project, click here.
Creators Alex Desebrock, Troels Lindenbjerg, Iben Lindenbjerg & Dan Goronszy.
Assistant Design Ben Landau
Stage Manager Sharyn Brand
Producer Jen Leys
Tour producer Performing Lines WA
Alex Desebrock is an independent artist based in Perth & Melbourne, Australia. Her work spans interactive theatre, live art, installations, online and public interventions. Her practice focuses around empathy, connecting strangers, big questions, democracy and the child's voice.
She is the lady behind Maybe ( ) Together that has presented works across Australia including Sydney Festival, Perth Internatiional Arts Festival, Come Out Festival, Awesome Festival, Federation Square, The Arts Centre, White Night Melbourne, Harvest Festival, ArtPlay, The School of Life Melbourne, homes, street corners and on a plinth in front of the Brunswick Town Hall. A series of interventions have also been performed in London, Melbourne, Brisbane and Perth.
Alex completed Animateuring (VCA) in 2011 and was awarded the Barbara Manning Scholarship. In 2012 she received a Jump Mentorship to work with the Artistic Director of Carte Blanche (Denmark). She also received an Australia Council ArtStart grant in 2013 which included a residency at Contact Inc, Brisbane. She was also recently selected to be the Australian representative for the ASSITEJ directors seminar in Mannheim, Germany, receiving an Ian Potter Grant to attend.
Alex is a founding member of Arts x Activism and INHEPI tribe. She was the Program Coordinator at ArtPlay for 3 years and is committed to promoting the voice of the child.
Fiona de Garis | Senior Producer
[email protected] | +61 (0)8 9200 6213
Currently seeking international touring opportunities.
2016 | Mildura Arts Centre, Mildura, VIC (RAV tour)
Hothouse Theatre, Wodonga, VIC (RAV tour)
2015 | Perth International Arts Festival, WA
Arts Centre Melbourne, VIC
Darebin Community Kite Festival, VIC
2014 | Federation Square (Melbourne).


text:
Published on November 26th, 2014 | by Craig Forshey1
Classic Java Game Gets An HD Android Remake In Ninja Zombie
For many of us Android gamers, our obsession with mobile gaming existed long before the dawn of Google's pocket OS with precursors like Windows Mobile, Symbian, and Java powered phones holding us over while we waited for what we didn't know we were missing. Back in those days mobile games were much more basic to the point where you'd be lucky if you found a new game on par with a SNES release, but it was what we had and we were happy. And it was in this primordial age of mobile gaming that a spark of life was breathed into the physics based games genre with technically ambitious titles such as Andrey Belkov's classic Java game Adventures Of Zombieman pushing what meager hardware there was available to its limits thanks to true rarities at the time like ragdoll physics and dynamic rope swinging.
Times have changed since then, but it appears Zombieman has not as he is (un)alive and kicking again in a brand new remake of his original game on Android called Ninja Zombie led by series creator Andrey Belkov under his new Pixelblood Software studio banner. This updated edition takes everything that was great about Adventures Of Zombieman and improves on it to make a terrific new physics based action game that stands up with the best of what the genre's current generation has to offer. Just like the original game, Ninja Zombie is an addicting physics platformer that involves players swinging about each level like Spiderman without losing important body parts to buzzsaws and other hazards but this time around the gameplay is much more intuitive and silky smooth thanks to its snazzy new graphics engine.
It would appear in his old age Zombieman has taken up the secret art of Ninjitsu as he has now donned the moniker of Ninja Zombie while he travels the world in pursuit of the mighty black belt, the sign of a true ninja master. In order to acquire this sacred prize players will have to swing and fling their way through zany obstacle laden levels where there is no ground and the only way to keep moving forward is to grapple back and forth between tiny platforms like some sort of acrobatic Scorpion. To the victors go the spoils however as players are able to take the treasure they find and apply it towards their character to customize him in a bunch of hilarious ways. Being undead does have its advantages since our hero can lose a leg or two and still finish the level just be sure not to get caught in the path of a giant buzzsaw or oncoming missile, even though he's a zombie Ninja Zombie still needs arms to be able to use his grapple.
An awesome new physics platformer that brings classic gameplay into modern age, Ninja Zombie hearkens back to a simpler time in mobile gaming. You can pick it up for free on Google Play.


text:
Discussion in 'Current Events' started by Hoaxster, Oct 22, 2008.
Which one has had more adverse impact on Obama in the last week?
I would say its a tie. Joe the plumber and Joe the running mate, both exposed him. One made him say to America what his real plan was, and one explained to America that he didn't have a clue, and actually I think he has been trying to say he doesn't really want to be his running mate, every since he said Hillary would have been a better choice.
Whether or not America, the Obama voting America is open minded enough to listen is a big question.
I noticed several of the people in my small rural town where I live have taken down the Obama signs and put up McCain signs. That shows Change, the change we need!! Thank God there are people actually listening and comprehending, instead of being mesmerized by the messiah. And In Ohio, that is a GOOD thing. Thank You Lord.
Yep, another republican speaking trailer home owner!
Get a grip on things tooner!.
I most definatlely believe know now you have nothing to lose....and I am sure you voted for the little baby bush too...
Please don't listen to this rubbish anymore...get a grip because you will never get it so don't take anyone else down with you........
Nothing personal but you are in left field!!!!!!!!!!!!11
Deny all you want but the joe the plumber incident appears to have woken americans up to Obamas plans to redistribute wealth.
I believe you meant to say, "right", field...LOL
By the way, nice piggy, slave.
Not exactly right...let me introduce the BC Goofers baseball lineup for tonight.
Tooner is in Right field.
Paidslave is in Left field
BrownDevil is in Center field
TOS is playing the Left side of the infield at 3rd base
Tieguy has the Right side covered at 1st base
Diesel96 covers the rest of the Left infield at shortstop
drewed covers the holes on the Right side at second
Hoaxster, a Right-hander throws up curves, knuckleballs and the like from the pitcher's mound
Over9five catches what's thrown from the Left and throws back with the Right.
Sorry if I slighted anybody but there are quite a few on bench and in the bullpen coming in for relief as needed.
Thanks for thr props Hoax. I take playing center field as a compliment. A round of Napa Valley cabs for the team!!!
OBAMA has stretched his lead nationally, and in the battleground states, OBAMA is stil stretching his lead.
On the electoral map projections, OBAMA is now at 334 votes, well more than the 270 needed.
Folks, its over.
All the joe the plummers in the world will not help McCain.
12 days to go and all the nonsense about joe the plummer is only working on those already set to vote for McCain anyways.
Problem for McCain, Nobody likes to vote for the losing team, McCain will continue to lose ground as people vote for winners, not losers.
I'm still trying to figure out in this era of economic hardship, what lending institution is going to approve an unliscenced plummer making $42,000/yr with a mortgage who can't afford to pay his taxes to begin with is going to rec'v a loan to buy a $300,000 business.
Anyhow, you guys can druel over Joe the "plant's" endorsement, Obama's camp will take the one who's had the most impact last week.... Colin Powell.
Obama Explains 'Spread the Wealth' Comment
By Mark Impomeni
Oct 22nd 2008 11:00PM Filed Under:eBarack Obama, Economy, 2008 President, Taxes
At a press conference in Virginia today, Sen. Barack Obama tried to explain what he really meant when he told Joe Wurzelbacher, the now famous "Joe the Plumber," that Obama's tax plan was designed to, "spread the wealth around."
Obama now says that he was not implying that he wanted to spread the wealth around when he said he wanted to "spread the wealth around." Obama says that he meant to say "spread the opportunity."
"The simple point I was making was that even assuming he's at a point that he wants to buy a business that he hopes will generate more than $250,000, the point I was making was that ten years ago or five years ago or even a year ago when he was making a lot less than that, he was having a tough time. ... We don't mind people getting enormously wealthy because of their skills and their talents and their drive. But we always want to make sure that the playing field is such where everybody who's got a good idea has a chance to succeed. Everybody's got a chance to get financing. Everybody who works hard is able to raise their family. Everybody has an opportunity if they act responsibly to send their kids to college and retire with dignity and respect. And in that sense, that does involve us spreading around opportunity."
But the explanation is far more confusing than the original statement. When Obama encountered Wurzelbacher, he did mention opportunity for those "behind you" economically. But Wurzelbacher's question was about Obama's plan to raise taxes on families and small businesses that make more than $250,000 per year. It was not a question about opportunity. It was about money. And clearly, Sen. Obama told Wurzelbacher that he was going to take more money from his business, so that others could have more opportunity.
"I just want you to be clear – it's not that I want to punish your success – I just want to make sure that everybody who is behind you – that they've got a chance at success too.
"My attitude is that if the economy's good for folks from the bottom up, it's gonna be good for everybody. If you've got a plumbing business, you're gonna be better off if you've got a whole bunch of customers who can afford to hire you, and right now everybody's so pinched that business is bad for everybody and I think when you spread the wealth around, it's good for everybody."
Left unanswered is how raising taxes on small business makes the economy any better. Tax increases kill jobs. And, increasing taxes causes businesses and individuals to make decisions that expose them to less tax liability, leading to decreasing revenues to the Treasury.
Since nobody wins when the government imposes heavy tax burdens, it remains a mystery as to just where all the "opportunity" Sen. Obama wants to spread around is going to come from.
During the Reagan years, President Reagan R A I S E D taxes on small businesses to their highest levels EVER. He R A I S E D the capital gains taxes on small businesses to the highest rate ever.
Did the country collapse? No. Of course not.
Instead, he ran up the deficit to 1.5 trillion dollars needlessly.
Lets get over the right wing talking points about business collapse with a tax increase, Mkay?
You know sometimes comments are taken out of context, and that is why I posted what I did, as Barack took the initiative to explain his Joe the Plummer comments. I thought that was what this thread was about.
Not my opinion, just a political article on Barack's explanation of what he "meant" to say, not what was heard by the public. Which if you ever dealt with an attorney, Barack does a wonderful job of talking like an attorney. At least, McCain doesn't mince his words, he says what he says without the "ers, ahs, etc."
Now that is an observation by me and my opinion of the candidates. Have a good day!!
Lets get our facts straight, who raised the defecit? Bush's tax cuts during a time of heavy war spending created 47% of our current 1.5 trillion in debt. Bush did away with the PayGo rule which said "every expense of the US treasury must be justified" as an investment. So, anyway,... no, get me off that soap box. As a Conservative who believes the government spends too much on things that don't benefit taxpayers, ugh, shut me up.
I logged on to say again that whoever wins this election, we need to stop being so divided in our views and start negotiating real solutions to our problems, because America is so messed up financially that we're bringing down the whole world with us. Its more than just the housing crises, by far. Oh, anhd Joe's an idiot.
ANyway, peace.
This is what I have been trying to say. We are in a world of hurt and we need a come to Jesus moment and work together. Peace to you friend
Two things; the media is quite bias towards obama thus any polls out there are not to be beleived.
And what they don't show is that mccain has real struck a nerve at his rallies.Many people are holding up signs that say things like joyce the teacher , etc. Middle american has woken up.
Separate names with a comma.


text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|3 déc. 2013
|Date de dépôt
|2 nov. 2007
|Date de priorité
|3 nov. 2006
|État de paiement des frais
|Autre référence de publication
|Numéro de publication
|Morteza Farr, Joshua Butters, T. Wade Fallin
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Innovative Spine, Llc
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (120), Citations hors brevets (2), Référencé par (4), Classifications (27), Événements juridiques (4)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
This application claims the benefit of reference: U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/856,682, filed Nov. 3, 2006, which is entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPINAL SURGERY.
1. The Field of the Invention
The invention relates to orthopaedics, and more particularly, to systems and methods for providing access to the spine to facilitate various implantation procedures.
2. The Relevant Technology
Many spinal orthopaedic procedures including discectomy, implantation of motion preservation devices, total disc replacement, and implantation of interbody devices require unimpeded access to a targeted portion of the spinal column. A lateral interbody fusion approach requires the patient to be turned mid-process to complete the disc and interbody device procedures and posterior hardware stabilization procedures. An anterior approach requires the presence of a vascular surgeon or highly experienced general surgeon, due to the risk of injury to vascular anatomy. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for systems and methods that facilitate access to the spine, thereby simplifying surgical procedures and expediting patient recovery.
Various embodiments of the present invention will now be discussed with reference to the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope.
The present invention relates to systems and methods for accessing intervertebral space and inserting spine implants between vertebral bodies. Those of skill in the art will recognize that the following description is merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, which may be applied in various ways to provide many different alternative embodiments. This description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of this invention and is not meant to limit the inventive concepts in the appended claims.
The present invention provides access to the spine through the use of a postero-lateral approach. A minimally invasive dilation and/or access device employing such an approach would have significant advantages in spinal orthopaedic procedures over the lateral and anterior approaches. These advantages may include avoiding the need to turn the patient during surgery, less muscle retraction, less blood loss, less operating room time, minimized damage to the vascular system, organs, nerves and muscles, faster recovery, and an improved overall outcome for the patient.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
A distal end 61 of the shaft 60 has a first side 62 and a second side 63. Extending transversely through the distal end 61 from the first side 62 to the second side 63 is a screw channel 66. On the first side 62, an interface surface 65 has a radial spline 64 which encircles the opening of the screw channel 66. The radial spline 64 is configured to mate with the radial spline 48 on the targeting post 12 when the post is connected to the support arm 20. Extending through the channel 66 is a thumb screw 68, and a shaft 70 protrudes from the channel 66 on the second side 63. In the preferred embodiment, shaft 70 includes an externally threaded surface configured to interface with the threaded receiving slot 46 on the targeting post 12.
Referring to
When the distal end 32 of the targeting post 12 has reached the reference location, the proximal end 30 is attached to the support arm 20 via the thumb screw 68. The protruding screw shaft 70 is threaded into the receiving slot 46. As the thumb screw 68 is threaded in, the radial splines 44, 64 mesh, locking the targeting post 12 to the support arm 20. Once attachment is made between the targeting post 12 and the support arm 20, the various degrees of freedom of the support arm 20 are locked down to provide sufficiently rigid instrument stabilization. In position adjacent to the spine, the targeting post 12 acts as a stabilizing and reference guide for subsequent cannulas, instruments and implants. The targeting post 12 may optionally be affixed to the patient to provide additional stability.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
After the penetrating guide member 16 is attached to the guide arm 14, the guide arm 14 is rotated so that the insertion tip 113 of the guide member 16 makes contact with the skin. Optionally, an incision location may be marked on the skin. At this point, the guide member 16 is lifted and an incision of approximately 1-5 cm is made into the skin and fascia. Following the incision, the surgeon may insert a finger into the incision to locate and palpate the soft tissues and fascia.
As shown in
Once the guide member 16 is correctly positioned adjacent the targeted location, the guide arm 14 is detached from the guide member 16 and the targeting post 12. The guide member 16 is left in the patient to serve as a guide for one cannula or series of cannulas which are graduated in size, and which are inserted sequentially from smaller to larger to increase the cross-sectional area of the access portal to the area to be treated.
Referring to
Referring to
In one embodiment of the invention, the largest cannula 18 may have a tooth portion (not shown) which extends longitudinally from the insertion end 122. During insertion, the tooth portion is placed between the superior and inferior endplates of the intervertebral space, to assist in maintaining distraction and access to the space. In an alternative embodiment, the largest cannula 18 may have one or more protruding pins or other elements extending from the insertion end 122 which can penetrate the superior and/or inferior vertebral bodies to provide additional stability to the cannula 18.
Another embodiment of the invention comprises a targeting post which is capable of cephalad-caudal adjustment.
Another application of the invention comprises a bilateral implementation of two arcuate cannula assemblies. In this embodiment, two assemblies 10 are used together, one on each lateral side of the spine. Referring to
Another embodiment of the invention further comprises an implant, which may be an interbody device.
Other implants (not shown) may be shaped to be implantable through the cannula in the manner set forth previously and illustrated in
In any case, the bore 130 of the cannula 18 is sized to accommodate passage of the interbody device 300. Because use of the arcuate cannula assembly 10 allows improved access to the intervertebral space, the interbody device 300 may have a larger footprint than many other interbody devices, and can extend across most of the medial-lateral width of the intervertebral space, to provide for increased stability, increased bone in-growth, and improved fusion. A curved insertion tool and curved tamp (not shown) are used to insert and seat the interbody device 300 in the intervertebral space. In the alternative, a flexible insertion tool and/or a flexible tamp may be used.
A set of curved spinal orthopedic instruments may be used in conjunction with the arcuate cannula assembly set forth previously to complete spinal procedures. These instruments are set forth below and in
Referring to
The cannula 18 (and hence the corresponding envelope) has a substantially uniform cross-sectional shape, which may be circular, ovoid, elliptical or any other uniform, closed shape. A "substantially uniform cross-sectional shape" is possessed by an "extrusion," i.e., a body that extends along a pathway with substantially the same cross-sectional shape and size (taken perpendicular to the pathway) at any location along the length of the pathway. The maximum width of the arcuate envelope, defined as a straight line across the largest dimension of the cross-section taken at right angles to the arcuate envelope pathway 136, may range from about 5 millimeters to about 50 millimeters. More precisely, the maximum width may range from about 15 millimeters to about 40 millimeters. Yet more precisely, the maximum width may range from about 20 millimeters to about 30 millimeters. Still more precisely, the maximum width of the arcuate envelope may be about 27 millimeters. The arcuate shaft and working end of each instrument are configured and coupled together such that they may pass through the arcuate envelope and the working end may extend out of the envelope.
Referring to
During a surgical procedure, the curved rongeur 400 may be inserted through an arcuate cannula such as the arcuate cannula 18 of
Referring to
Coupled to the distal end of the arcuate shaft 504 is a working end which is a cutting head 506. Cutting head 506 is spoon-shaped, with a cup 508 and a blade 510 forming the rim of the cup. The cutting head 506 may be disposed at a variety of orientations and angles relative to the arcuate shaft 504. In
Referring to
A first toothed rasp surface 608 occupies one long side of the rasp head 606, while a second toothed rasp surface 610 is on the opposite side. A wedge 612 is at the distal terminus of the head 606, allowing the surgeon to pry into and distract the targeted area and then rasp the distracted surfaces. Various dimensions of the rasp head may vary, including the length, height and width of the rasp head 606, size of rasp teeth, and length of the wedge 612, among others. The height of the rasp head may be sized to match the height of an implant, so that the rasp prepares a correctly sized area for insertion of the implant. A stabilization feature 614 is a wide portion of the arcuate shaft 604 and is configured to fit just inside the arcuate cannula 18 to stabilizes the position of the rasp 600 as force is applied to the handle 602. The gripping portion 602 has a reinforced impaction surface 616 at its proximal end to facilitate striking of the gripping portion 602 with an object such as a mallet.
Referring to
It is appreciated that the wedge head 706 may be configured in a variety of ways. For example, the wedge distractor 750 in
Referring to
Referring to
A flexible implant inserter with a flexible shaft is shown in
Referring to
Referring to
Each of the instruments set forth above and depicted in
The gripping portion of each instrument may be coupled to the shaft in the orientation depicted for each instrument in
To perform a particular spinal procedure, one or more of the curved instruments set forth above may be inserted through the arcuate cannula to access the spinal surgical site. For example, to perform an interbody device implantation between two vertebrae, a first instrument such as the curved curette 500, curved rasp 600 or curved rongeur 400 is inserted into the arcuate cannula and its working end employed to prepare the intervertebral space and vertebral endplates. The instrument is removed and a second preparatory instrument, or more, from the same group may be inserted and used if necessary. When preparation of the intervertebral space and endplates is complete, a curved trial implant instrument 800 may be used to insert variously sized trial implants through the cannula to determine the correct size for an interbody implant. Finally, the interbody implant 300 is inserted through the cannula using the curved implant inserter 900, released and implanted in the interbody space. The curved tamp 1100 may then be used to adjust the positioning of the implanted implant 300.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in
The peritoneal retractor 150 is introduced into the patient after a targeting post is introduced as set forth previously. After the surgeon has marked the incision location and made the incision, the surgeon may insert a finger into the incision to locate and palpate the soft tissues and fascia. Next, the peritoneal retractor 150 may be gradually inserted along the path of the finger to both shield and retain the tissues. The retractor 150 may be inserted until the rounded distal end 152 comes in contact with the psoas muscle. The guide member 16 is then advanced antero-medially along the arcuate path of the curved guiding surface 158 until the insertion tip 113 is at the lateral margin of the targeted disc, at a target location. The peritoneal retractor 150 remains in place as the series of graduated cannulas 15, 17, 18 of
Another embodiment of the invention includes a visualization component, such as an endoscope. Referring to
The arcuate postero-lateral approach described above may have many advantages for spinal procedures, particularly procedures involving anterior vertebral column elements. This approach may be used to insert motion preservation devices, such as total disc replacements. By accessing the disc space via an arcuate postero-lateral approach, the surgeon is able to spare the anterior longitudinal ligament as well as avoid complications with the great vessels. This approach also provides for revision options with virtually the same instrumentation and implant designs by accessing the disc space from the opposite lateral side as the first surgery. This approach also allows for total disc replacement (TDR) endplate retention features which are more desirable than anterior approach TDR features, such as endplate keels or teeth which are oriented in the frontal plane to resist the high shear loads seen in the lumber spine lordotic region.
This approach may also be used for various intervertebral disc treatment or resection procedures such as annulotomy, nucleotomy, discectomy, annulus replacement, nucleus replacement, and decompression due to a bulging or extruded disc. During an annulotomy, the surgeon may provide an access portal in the manner described previously, and open and/or remove a portion or all of the disc annulus. During a nucleotomy, the surgeon may provide an access portal in the manner described previously, and open and/or resect a portion of the intervertebral disc nucleus. During a discectomy, the surgeon may remove a portion or the entire intervertebral disc through the access portal in order to accomplish decompression of the nerve roots, dura, or spinal cord. This procedure may be done as a conservative therapy to relieve patient symptoms or pain, or it may be done in preparation for total disc replacement or fusion.
For annulus repair or replacement, the arcuate postero-lateral approach may facilitate a larger needle and avoidance of complicated vascular structure and may allow a pathway for a prosthetic annulus to be placed or formed in the intervertebral space. Using a bilateral arcuate approach such as that depicted in
The arcuate postero-lateral approach may also be utilized for additional vertebral body motion segment stabilization procedures such as interbody device insertion, lateral plating, anterior plating, lateral or anterior plating with dynamic stabilization or compression elements, deformity correction, and/or graft compression devices or procedures. The arcuate postero-lateral access portal such as that depicted in
The arcuate postero-lateral approach may also be used for lateral plating procedures, in which the implanted plates may comprise fixed, dynamic, or compressive elements. This approach again allows a single patient positioning to conduct lateral plating as well as posterior stabilization hardware such as screws, hooks and rods. These plates may be used for local deformity correction or prevention procedures to treat local scoliosis, kyphosis, hyper-lordosis, or spondylolisthesis. Additionally, the arcuate postero-lateral approach may allow for novel graft compression devices or procedures that enable the surgeon to apply improved local compressive forces between vertebral bodies or an interbody device. Benefits of improved local compressive forces include improved bone graft incorporation, fusion, interbody device stability, as well as a potentially reduced risk of interbody device expulsion that is often the result of over-compressing the disc space and applying unintended moments via traditional pedicle screws and rods. Such graft compression devices include lateral plates with compression features, vertebral body staples which cooperate with the superior and inferior vertebral bodies to apply compression, and integrated interbody device with arms that cooperate with the vertebral bodies to apply compression via screws, tapered surfaces, or the like.
Various central canal or foraminal decompression procedures may be performed with the arcuate postero-lateral approach described previously. Decompression procedures are conducted to resect soft or hard tissues that may be impinging on neural elements such as the exiting nerve roots, dura, or spinal cord, resulting in various pathologies such as radiculopathy, myelopathy, pain, tingling, numbness, and loss of motor or sensory control. For example, anterior central canal decompression required due to a diseased intervertebral disc is often a difficult procedure. By using the disclosed arcuate postero-lateral approach, this decompression procedure allows for improved patient positioning, access, and patient outcomes. Foraminal decompression procedures via an arcuate postero-lateral approach may also allow the surgeon an improved trajectory and passageway to decompress the foramen.
Procedures involving the vertebral body, such as vertebral body biopsy, vertebral body height restoration, and vertebroplasty may successfully utilize the arcuate postero-lateral approach. Often patients who are experiencing symptoms associated with vertebral body disease, collapse, or fracture will undergo a biopsy of the vertebral body to assess the condition of the structure. Osteoporotic patients, especially female geriatric patients, may experience vertebral body collapse or fracture. This is an extremely painful and debilitating condition which may be addressed via vertebroplasty through the disclosed arcuate postero-lateral approach. Often, vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty or arcuplasty procedures are conducted via a transpedicular approach, to inject a hardenable compound such as PMMA cement into the vertebral body to create an internal cast-like structure to stabilize the bony fragments or fractures. The arcuate postero-lateral approach has numerous advantages for such a procedure. It may allow for a larger access needle than a transpedicular approach and accordingly reduces pressure requirements for the viscous hardenable compounds. In addition, it will likely result in less post-operative pain due to not violating the pedicle, and it allows for a more preferable trajectory of the access needle. Vertebroplasties conducted via a transpedicular approach often require a bilateral approach for sufficient vertebral body stabilization. By using the trajectory of the arcuate postero-lateral approach, the surgeon or radiologist may use a single needle and single approach for a complete fill, because the access needle can be advanced to the distal portions and gradually retracted during injection to accomplish a complete fill.
Vertebral body height restoration procedures have recently been disclosed in the art to address collapsed vertebral bodies. The arcuate postero-lateral approach may facilitate such vertebral height restoration procedures by removing the size limitation imposed by the transpedicular approach. Additionally, the ability to access the lateral margins of the vertebral body may be beneficial in insertion of an implant to restore vertebral height and fix it in place via a hardenable compound, or conduct an internal vertebral body distraction and secure the vertebral body via a hardenable compound.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. For example, above are described various alternative examples of systems for accessing intervertebral space. It is appreciated that various features of the above-described examples can be mixed and matched to form a variety of other alternatives. It is also appreciated that this system should not be limited creating access to the intervertebral space. This arcuate access system may be used to obtain access to any portion of the spine. As such, the described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
|Brevet cité
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|20 juil. 1961
|21 mai 1963
|Curtis Scott Company
|Surgical suturing instrument
|15 mars 1968
|19 janv. 1971
|Calhoun Edward J
|Tracheotomy instrument
|9 mars 1970
|16 mars 1971
|Weighton Charles
|Trocar and cannula for veterinary use
|6 nov. 1968
|28 sept. 1971
|Miller Daniel G
|Method for the biopsy of subcutaneous masses
|3 oct. 1974
|2 mars 1976
|Froning Edward C
|Apparatus and method for stereotaxic lateral extradural disc puncture
|15 oct. 1974
|30 mars 1976
|Bassett John W
|Suturing device
|20 janv. 1975
|6 avr. 1976
|Lanz Medical Products Corporation
|Tracheal tube with disposable cannula
|21 avr. 1975
|22 juin 1976
|Froning Edward C
|Apparatus for sterotaxic lateral extradural disc puncture
|30 avr. 1979
|5 mai 1981
|Scheller Jr Arnold D
|Curved drill attachment for bone drilling uses
|8 sept. 1980
|26 janv. 1982
|Donohue Brian T
|Cannula and drill guide apparatus
|20 juin 1980
|22 juin 1982
|Kirkley William H
|Osteotomy guide
|22 févr. 1983
|16 avr. 1985
|Edward C. Froning
|Cannula, obturator, stylet and needle hub connectors for lumbar disc puncture
|17 janv. 1983
|17 sept. 1985
|Barber Forest C
|Drilling a curved hole
|3 sept. 1982
|8 oct. 1985
|Jacobson Robert E
|Method and instruments for performing a percutaneous lumbar diskectomy
|5 oct. 1983
|4 mars 1986
|Pilling Co.
|Method for decompressing herniated intervertebral discs
|13 janv. 1984
|8 juil. 1986
|Lichtenberger Gyoergy
|Trachea cannula
|30 avr. 1986
|18 aoűt 1987
|Kurland Kenneth Z
|Surgical deflector and drilling guide
|3 sept. 1985
|2 févr. 1988
|Fox James M
|Orthopaedic tool guide
|2 juin 1987
|12 juil. 1988
|Vas-Cath Incorporated
|Biopsy catheter
|26 aoűt 1987
|5 sept. 1989
|Surgical Dynamics, Inc.
|Introduction set with flexible trocar with curved cannula
|15 aoűt 1988
|28 nov. 1989
|Purnell Mark L
|Apparatus and method for use in performing a surgical operation
|5 févr. 1988
|22 mai 1990
|Flexmedics Corporation
|ARthroscopic instrumentation and method
|31 mars 1988
|18 sept. 1990
|Patrick Kluger
|Device for setting the spinal column
|27 nov. 1989
|14 janv. 1992
|Paul Kamaljit S
|Spinal stereotaxic device and method
|4 mars 1991
|17 nov. 1992
|American Cyanamid Company
|Surgical drill guide for tibia
|4 nov. 1991
|7 sept. 1993
|University Of Florida
|Lumbosacral fixation and fusion method and device
|12 sept. 1991
|15 févr. 1994
|Surgical Dynamics, Inc.
|Percutaneous discectomy system having a bendable discectomy probe and a steerable cannula
|23 févr. 1993
|5 avr. 1994
|Method and instruments for ACL reconstruction
|12 oct. 1993
|19 juil. 1994
|Burkhart Stephen S
|Drill guide device for arthroscopic surgery
|30 juin 1993
|2 aoűt 1994
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
|Sacroiliac joint fixation guide
|11 janv. 1994
|17 oct. 1995
|Mitek Surgical Products, Inc.
|Surgical drill guide
|14 févr. 1995
|11 févr. 1997
|Arthrex, Inc.
|Forked insertion tool and metnod of arthroscopic surgery using the same
|11 aoűt 1995
|25 mars 1997
|Depuy Inc.
|Ratcheting tibial and femoral guide
|10 sept. 1996
|10 mars 1998
|Shoemaker; Steven
|Integrated surgical reduction clamp and drill guide
|25 juin 1996
|21 avr. 1998
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Minimally invasive spinal surgical methods and instruments
|29 sept. 1997
|6 avr. 1999
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Minimally invasive spinal surgical methods & instruments
|20 mai 1998
|28 mars 2000
|Ray; Charles D.
|Instrumentation and method for facilitating insertion of spinal implant
|27 févr. 1995
|27 juin 2000
|Michelson; Gary Karlin
|Method of inserting and preloading spinal implants
|8 juil. 1997
|4 juil. 2000
|Surgical Dynamics, Inc.
|Method and instrumentation for implant insertion
|4 juin 1999
|1 mai 2001
|Nuvasive, Inc.
|Transiliac approach to entering a patient's intervertebral space
|4 sept. 1998
|1 mai 2001
|Surgical Navigation Technologies, Inc.
|Percutaneous registration apparatus and method for use in computer-assisted surgical navigation
|28 nov. 2000
|16 juil. 2002
|Wilson T. Asfora
|Curved drill guide system
|18 nov. 1998
|3 sept. 2002
|Disc Dynamics, Inc.
|Mold apparatus and kit for in situ tissue repair
|14 juil. 2000
|11 mars 2003
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Instruments for stabilization of bony structures
|13 aoűt 2001
|15 avr. 2003
|Depuy Acromed, Inc.
|Surgical guide system for stabilization of the spine
|20 oct. 2000
|10 juin 2003
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Methods and instruments for endoscopic interbody surgical techniques
|9 déc. 1999
|15 juil. 2003
|Cook Incorporated
|Hollow, curved, superlastic medical needle
|6 sept. 2001
|5 aoűt 2003
|Sherwood Services Ag
|Apparatus and method for treatment of an intervertebral disc
|6 juin 2001
|28 oct. 2003
|Oratec Interventions, Inc.
|Intervertebral disc device employing prebent sheath
|24 oct. 2000
|30 déc. 2003
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Vertebrae fastener placement guide
|1 oct. 2001
|10 févr. 2004
|Howmedica Osteonics Corp.
|System and method for spinal reconstruction
|6 juin 2001
|11 mai 2004
|Oratec Interventions, Inc.
|Intervertebral disc device employing flexible probe
|10 nov. 2000
|25 mai 2004
|Trans1 Inc.
|Methods and apparatus for forming shaped axial bores through spinal vertebrae
|15 mai 2001
|20 juil. 2004
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|10 nov. 2000
|14 sept. 2004
|Trans1, Inc.
|Methods and apparatus for forming curved axial bores through spinal vertebrae
|8 janv. 2001
|28 sept. 2004
|St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc.
|Spine distraction implant and method
|6 sept. 2001
|30 nov. 2004
|Nabil L. Muhanna
|System and methods for inserting a vertebral spacer
|23 oct. 2000
|14 déc. 2004
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|14 févr. 2003
|5 avr. 2005
|Yves P. Arramon
|Bone access system
|16 mai 2003
|27 déc. 2005
|Sherwood Services Ag
|Apparatus and method for treatment of an intervertebral disc
|3 oct. 2002
|7 mars 2006
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
|22 mai 2003
|14 mars 2006
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
|30 déc. 2003
|13 juin 2006
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Vertebrae fastener placement guide
|10 avr. 2002
|13 juin 2006
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|19 sept. 2002
|11 juil. 2006
|Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
|Oval dilator and retractor set and method
|28 sept. 2001
|31 janv. 2002
|Brau Salvador A.
|Surgical retractor and related surgical approach to access the anterior lumbar region
|15 mai 2001
|14 févr. 2002
|George Frey
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|6 sept. 2001
|30 mai 2002
|Raymond Fredricks
|Apparatus and method for treatment of an intervertebral disc
|17 déc. 2001
|11 juil. 2002
|Thomas Hoogland
|Method of and apparatus for decompressing herniated intervertebral discs
|20 avr. 2001
|24 oct. 2002
|Anderson Mark L.
|Fluid delivery cannula technology
|19 avr. 2002
|31 oct. 2002
|Foley Kevin T.
|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
|10 avr. 2002
|7 nov. 2002
|George Frey
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|22 juil. 2002
|13 févr. 2003
|Mcguckin James F.
|Hollow curved superelastic medical needle and method
|5 févr. 2001
|26 juin 2003
|Thierry Loubens
|Hyper-elastic needle
|13 févr. 2001
|9 oct. 2003
|Cragg Andrew H.
|Apparatus for performing a discectomy through a trans-sacral axial bore within the vertebrae of the spine
|5 juin 2003
|23 oct. 2003
|Foley Kevin T.
|Methods and instruments for endoscopic interbody surgical techniques
|1 mai 2003
|6 nov. 2003
|Falahee Mark H.
|Percutaneous screw fixation system
|16 mai 2003
|22 janv. 2004
|Raymond Fredricks
|Apparatus and method for treatment of an intervertebral disc
|7 aoűt 2003
|12 févr. 2004
|George Frey
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|14 aoűt 2002
|19 févr. 2004
|Sherman Michael C.
|Techniques for spinal surgery and attaching constructs to vertebral elements
|30 juil. 2001
|26 févr. 2004
|Edmonds Brian Taylor
|Novel secreted proteins and their uses
|8 juil. 2003
|13 mai 2004
|Ricardo Sasso
|Instrumentation and method for performing image-guided spinal surgery using an anterior surgical approach
|1 nov. 2002
|3 juin 2004
|Lieberson Robert E.
|Apparatus and method for creating a surgical channel
|25 nov. 2003
|17 juin 2004
|George Frey
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|18 déc. 2003
|8 juil. 2004
|Salcudean Septimiu E.
|Steerable needle
|3 janv. 2002
|5 aoűt 2004
|Krueger John A.
|Bone marrow aspiration device with curved tip
|14 févr. 2003
|19 aoűt 2004
|Arramon Yves P.
|Bone access system
|2 avr. 2003
|7 oct. 2004
|Rudolf Bertagnoli
|Methods and instrumentation for positioning implants in spinal disc space in an anterior lateral approach
|13 juin 2003
|28 oct. 2004
|Nguyen Thanh V.
|System and method for minimally invasive posterior fixation
|25 mai 2004
|4 nov. 2004
|Cragg Andrew H.
|Methods and apparatus for forming shaped axial bores through spinal vertebrae
|20 aoűt 2004
|27 janv. 2005
|Foley Kevin T.
|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
|22 oct. 2004
|23 juin 2005
|Assell Robert L.
|Guide pin for guiding instrumentation along a soft tissue tract to a point on the spine
|22 oct. 2004
|23 juin 2005
|Assell Robert L.
|Access assembly for guiding instrumentation through soft tissue to a point on the spine
|18 oct. 2004
|7 juil. 2005
|Nuvasive, Inc.
|Surgical access system and related methods
|30 janv. 2004
|4 aoűt 2005
|Roy Lim
|Instruments and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization
|3 déc. 2004
|11 aoűt 2005
|Amiram Steinberg
|Method and apparatus for computerized surgery
|25 avr. 2005
|25 aoűt 2005
|Arthrocare Corporation
|Systems and methods for electrosurgical tissue contraction within the spine
|3 mars 2004
|22 sept. 2005
|Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
|Radially adjustable tissue removal device
|15 mai 2003
|24 nov. 2005
|Ferree Bret A
|Lateral-approach artificial disc replacements
|8 aoűt 2005
|12 janv. 2006
|Foley Kevin T
|Percutaneous registration apparatus and method for use in computer-assisted surgical navigation
|11 aoűt 2004
|16 févr. 2006
|Tzony Siegal
|Spinal surgery system and method
|5 janv. 2005
|16 févr. 2006
|Tzony Siegal
|Spinal surgery system and method
|3 nov. 2005
|9 mars 2006
|Raymond Fredricks
|Apparatus and method for treatment of an intervertebral disc
|15 aoűt 2005
|23 mars 2006
|Arthrocare Corporation
|Bone access system
|29 sept. 2004
|20 avr. 2006
|The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
|Minimally invasive method and apparatus for fusing adjacent vertebrae
|3 janv. 2006
|25 mai 2006
|Foley Kevin T
|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
|17 nov. 2005
|15 juin 2006
|Rex Medical
|Hollow curved superelastic medical needle and method
|16 déc. 2004
|22 juin 2006
|Smiths Medical Asd, Inc.
|Catheter with direction orientation
|16 déc. 2004
|22 juin 2006
|Smiths Medical Asd, Inc.
|Catheter with direction orientation
|23 nov. 2005
|6 juil. 2006
|Abdou Amy M
|Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement
|17 mars 2006
|24 aoűt 2006
|Sherman Michael C
|Techniques for spinal surgery and attaching constructs to vertebral elements
|17 févr. 2005
|31 aoűt 2006
|Malandain Hugues F
|Apparatus and method for treatment of spinal conditions
|18 févr. 2005
|7 sept. 2006
|Aldo Denti
|Implants and methods for positioning same in surgical approaches to the spine
|24 janv. 2006
|7 sept. 2006
|Sherman Michael C
|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
|28 mars 2005
|28 sept. 2006
|Peterman Marc M
|Spinal system and method including lateral approach
|28 mars 2005
|28 sept. 2006
|Peterman Marc M
|Spinal device including lateral approach
|24 janv. 2006
|12 oct. 2006
|Foley Kevin T
|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
|26 mai 2006
|23 nov. 2006
|George Frey
|Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
|24 avr. 2003
|13 juin 2006
|Surgical Navigation Technologies, Inc.
|Percutaneous registration apparatus and method for use in computer-assisted surgical navigation
|4 oct. 2004
|14 avr. 2005
|Endius, Inc.
|Methods, systems and apparatuses for performing minimally invasive spinal procedures
|International Search Report and Written Opinion From Corresponding PCT Application No. PCT/US2007/083625, Aug. 6, 2008 (8 pgs).
|Mazor Surgical Technologies, http://www.mazorst.com/SpineAssist-product.asp 2008 Website.
|Brevet citant
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|22 sept. 2010
|3 juin 2014
|Ntn Corporation
|Remote-controlled actuator
|26 févr. 2010
|29 déc. 2011
|Ntn Corporation
|Navigation system for remote-controlled actuator
|22 sept. 2010
|21 juin 2012
|Ntn Corporation
|Remote-controlled actuator
|30 janv. 2015
|3 déc. 2015
|Spine View, Inc.
|Classification aux États-Unis
|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|1 mai 2008
Owner name: INNOVATIVE SPINE, LLC, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FARR, MORTEZA M.;BUTTERS, JOSHUA A.;FALLIN, T. WADE;REEL/FRAME:020888/0714;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080407 TO 20080501
Owner name: INNOVATIVE SPINE, LLC, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FARR, MORTEZA M.;BUTTERS, JOSHUA A.;FALLIN, T. WADE;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080407 TO 20080501;REEL/FRAME:020888/0714
|18 mars 2009
Owner name: INNOVATIVE SPINE, LLC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FARR, MORTEZA M.;BUTTERS, JOSHUA A.;FALLIN, T. WADE;REEL/FRAME:022414/0751;SIGNING DATES FROM 20090217 TO 20090220
Owner name: INNOVATIVE SPINE, LLC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FARR, MORTEZA M.;BUTTERS, JOSHUA A.;FALLIN, T. WADE;SIGNING DATES FROM 20090217 TO 20090220;REEL/FRAME:022414/0751
|25 aoűt 2009
Owner name: INNOVATIVE SPINE, LLC, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MEDICINELODGE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:023142/0738
Effective date: 20090625
|6 déc. 2016
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
I was trying to recooperate last week from my #BraveCarsLandEvent so I apologize for not getting the giveaway linky up. After flying all night blogging was not on my mind LOL. However, we're back today. If this is your first time around these parts you might be wondering what this post is all about. Very simply it's a great way to advertise those giveaways you have going on. Share them with all the people who stop by my site.
While you are here check out the current giveaways I've got going on.
- Slumber Party Game Giveaway ends 7/2
- iTunes Giftcard & The Wanted Poster ends 7/9
- Canning Kit Giveaway ends 7/11
Simply use the format below to link up your giveaways:
- Line 1: Giveaway name, end date (please note with * if adult in nature)
- Line 2: Url to the giveaway NOT main site url.
That's it. So get to linking! Happy Thursday!
Toni Patton
Latest posts by Toni Patton (see all)
- 7 Shows on Netflix To Binge Watch in January - December 31, 2017
- Tune In To Hallmark Channel Original Movie "Royal New Years Eve" on 12/30 - December 29, 2017
- Last Minute Gift Ideas For Those Who Love to Entertain at Home #ad - December 20, 2017


text:
P2647 Diagnostic Trouble Code Discussion for June 2014
VTEC Oil Pressure Switch Circuit High Voltage
Note: This is a professional automotive technician's resource.Vehicle Owners: If you are seeking an automotive repair professional to service your vehicle, visit the iATN Repair Shop Finder.
Trouble Ticket Help Requests for DTC P2647
|Help Request
|2006 Acura RSX Type-S 2.0L Cuts out VIN: JH4DC53096
P2647: VTEC Oil Pressure Switch Circuit High Voltage. ... start it somtimes on the first start for the day it cuts out 2 or 3 times then its fine the rest of the day. Its starts and is idling around 1800 to 2000 rpm when cold rpm will drop to almost nothing 2 or 3 times and sets a code p2647. The vehicle runs gre...
|June 30, 2014


text:
I am looking at an idea book, Scrap Simple.
There is a layout where the text/journaling is printed in the shape of a star. (Hopefully I described this correctly.)
Of course, the book doesn't say how it's done. It simply says, "Try using an unusual shape for your text to draw your reader in."
I searched here and couldn't find anything. I've seen threads about printing in a circle. I'm familiar with the WordArt shapes in Word, but I've never seen a star.
I suppose it could be done by creating a text box for each line of the star and then moving them around to create the shape. This seems pretty tedious.
Anyone know how this is done?


text:
Tesla PlushiesNighthawk - Custom level - from Windows
This is the principia version of Bithack's fun game Tesla Plushies.
touch boxes and guide ball to goal. be aware from extermination ranges.
this game contains 2 levels, you must finish off level 1 and unlock code of level 2. not all boxes are touchable.
if you have something in mind or you noticed a bug, please do tell.
hope you like it.
Views: 8761 Downloads: 3753 Unique objects: 36 Total objects: 1544
Discuss this level
Log in to comment on this level.
- qwertyah: Code is 7007
- RasmusOlle: uhum...
- ak10670: WTF it's to hard
- Nighthawk: @Egorik: you have to tap on the blocks to create an artificial gravity so you can guide the ball to goal, try that and tell me what happens.
- Egorik: Не работает я играл в тесла плашис и поверь я попробовал тут поиграть и ничего не получается просто шар стоит на месте
- khang 4: The passward is 7007 just for cheater that wants to be unfair
- Golden: I beat level 1 aha and i got password
- Nighthawk: @RasmusOlle: okay thanks man :)
- RasmusOlle: i maybe shall make Music to your level maybe? (the official tesla plushies song)
- Nighthawk: @Technote: @keeghan: @golden: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJuZbXmWbpQ this tutorial shows you that you can beat the game
- Nighthawk: @Cool Dude: thanks dude
- Cool Dude: Great Job on the game!I loved it
- Nighthawk: @keeghan: well i have finished it on PC, i don't know if you got any troubles in android. thanks for playing anyway.
- keeghan: Level 2 is impossible
- Technote: Can't beat level 2's beginning aaaahhh
Really fun and awesome work
- Nighthawk: @that guy: thanks dude @golden: thanks, it's hard, but nothing compared to the real one. if you wanna get insane, try to finish the original!
- Golden: Motherf*cker this level because i gave up, this is waaaayyyyyy too hard plus i liked this level and drives me craaaazy to finish it
- that guy2: Man das harrrrd. But iz sooooo goooood
- Nighthawk: @sdac: cool! thanks!
- JOELwindows7: @Nighthawk: you're welcome!
- sdac: great work :D featured to minigames category
- Nighthawk: @yo man: @golden: @zardOz: @woodnut: @JOELwindows7: thanks guys.
- JOELwindows7: Wow!
- woodnut2: Well done, I'll return to try and finish. :)
- zardOz2: Nice work, tough little maze.
- Golden: What is the code is
- yo man: Tough.
- Rubicon2: @Nighthawk: I'm just at work, I didn't have time to see if I can finish it, I'll try it when I get home
- Nighthawk: did anyone else finish it? Rubicon? do i have to make it easier?
- Nighthawk: @RasmusOlle: yeah, i just saw it, cool one. you were the first to bring it :)
- Nighthawk: not impossible, i finished it. last part is really hard.
- RasmusOlle: @teox: tesla plushies IS hard!
- teox: its impossible
- RasmusOlle: Im have done a tesla plushies level too!
- Nighthawk: @Rubicon: @TechZ: thanks guys
- TechZ2124: Amazing ! Love it !
- Rubicon2: This is awesome, and challenging, nicely done!