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Contact: Allison Devery, 802-540-1784, email@example.com
Local Chorus Celebrates the Changing Seasons in Song
Concerts around the State July 22-25
Montpelier, June 20, 2016 – In July, Counterpoint, Vermont's professional vocal ensemble, will join Northfield-based pianist Alison Cerutti, in "Seasons," an exciting and eclectic celebration of the changes of the year. The program includes the complete Estaciones Portenas (Seasons of Buenos Aires), a set of four tangos by Argentine master Astor Piazzolla, and Early Morning Mists, an evocative cantata by Israeli composer Yehezkel Braun setting his own seasonal haiku. In addition, there are Romantic partsongs by Felix Mendelssohn and Johannes Brahms, songs from Broadway's Golden Age, and a selection of recent works depicting Vermont's own seasonal cycle by local composers Sara Doncaster, Peter Hamlin, Erik Nielsen, Kevin Quigley, and Carol Wood.
"In Vermont we are lucky to have wonderful seasonal changes," explained Artistic Director Nathaniel G. Lew, "and there is a wealth of wonderful music that explores that theme. Counterpoint has sung a number of these works for many years, but we have never put them together like this before. It is exciting to hear such a diversity of songs and styles fit together so beautifully. On this concert, there is truly something for everyone!"
The concert set begins on Friday, July 22 at 7:30 pm with an open rehearsal and Q&A at United Methodist Church is Burlington, an opportunity to learn more about Counterpoint through our singers. Performances continue at Spruce Peak Performing Arts Center on July 23, The Church on the Hill in Weston on July 24, and Caledonia Grange #9 in East Hardwick on July 25.
Founded by legendary choral director and arranger Robert De Cormier in 2000, and based in Montpelier, Counterpoint is dedicated performing choral chamber music and engaging with student musicians to enhance the cultural life of communities in Vermont and beyond. Praised for their "clarity, skill" and "sophisticated musical expressiveness," the ensemble presents concerts throughout New England and the surrounding region, and has toured the Midwest. The group has recorded seven CDs with Albany Records and has released four further CDs independently, including most recently "All Mixed Up: Counterpoint Sings the Music of Pete Seeger," available at CDBaby.com.
For more information about Counterpoint, please visit: www.counterpointchorus.org
What: Seasons: A Choral Celebration of the Changing Year
Who: Counterpoint Vocal Ensemble and pianist Alison Cerutti, directed by Nathaniel G. Lew
Where & When & How Much:
Friday, July 22, 2016, 7:30 pm
Open rehearsal with Q&A
United Methodist Church
21 Buell St., Burlington VT
Donations accepted
Saturday July 23, 2016, 8:00 pm
Spruce Peak Performing Arts Center
122 Hourglass Dr., Stowe, VT
$20 in advance, $25 day of concert
Sunday July 24, 2016, 4:00 pm
The Church on the Hill, Weston VT
$5 all seats
Monday July 25, 2016, 8:00pm
Caledonia Grange #9
Church St., East Hardwick VT
$18 adults, $16 seniors, $10 students, under 10 free
Website: www.counterpointchorus.org
Contact: Allison Devery, 802-540-1784, email@example.com


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Diddy's Baby Mamas Make it to the Red Carpet for his 40th Birthday Except _____________
- By Bossip Staff
Diddy did it big for his 40th birthday party last Thursday in New York. With the red carpet action they had going on, only two of Diddy's baby mamas made it to the red carpet…
Kim Porter, Misa Hylton, or Sarah Chapman???
Kim Porter graced the carpet and so did Misa, but for some reason Sarah didn't. We found a pic of her kickin' it with Momma Combs. Wonder if the ladies ran into each other???

subset: commoncrawl


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hi lord knows, i don't know the answer to that directly, but it might be here: http://adrian.gimp.org/batch/batch.html
carol On 2002-12-19 at 1935.36 -0000, [EMAIL PROTECTED] typed this: > Hello, > > I am having an issue with a Script that I have written being called from the > command line. > > Here is what I am trying to do. I have written a script using Scheme that runs > great when I have Gimp loaded up (ie not from the command line). No problems, > does everything that I want. The real point of the script is to automate some > image resizing from the command line. I know that many of you out there are > going to point out that ImageMagick will do what I am looking for. I have > already gone down that path and the image quality of the scaled images is not up > to the quality that client wants. However, I can make a better, smaller image > using Gimp....now I just need to make it completely automated. > > here is the rub..... > > I have the script streamlined down and everything is set to be > non-interactive. So i should just be able to pass in the variables and away we > go.... My thinking is obviously flawed here as it doesn't quite work. > > here is how I am calling the script:.... > > gimp -b '(script-fu-automated-resize 1 "200" "200" > "/export/home/matt/toprocess/Imagein.jpg" > "/export/home/matt/toprocess/Imageout.jpg")' '(gimp-quit 0)' > > The script takes in a height, width, beginning image and output image. I pass > it a 1 before all of that for non-interactive. The script is designed to open > the beginning image, resize accordingly, and then save to the output image. > > I get the following response..... > batch command: executed successfully. > > One would think that I should be able to check my system and I should see the > end image....nope....nada...nothing. If I change the option of 1 to 0 to run in > interactive mode...I get the prompt for the default values of the script. > Height, Width, Image to process....final image. If I enter those in, click the > ok button....it runs like a champ. What am I missing? I have the > non-interactive bit set on the file open which I assume is what is causing this > dialog to pop up. > > Any ideas? tips? Pointer? References? Anyone already have a thumbnail script > that works in this way that can shed some light on the subject? > > Matt Patterson > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > > _______________________________________________ > Gimp-user mailing list > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > http://lists.xcf.berkeley.edu/mailman/listinfo/gimp-user _______________________________________________ Gimp-user mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://lists.xcf.berkeley.edu/mailman/listinfo/gimp-user


text:
De De Lind
Дискография De De Lind:
|Название релиза
|Информация об aльбоме
|Купить альбом в iTunes
|Год издания
|Io Non So Da Dove Vengo E Non So Dove Mai Andro, Uomo E' Il Nome Che Mi Han Dato 7
|Vinyl Magic
|Io Non So Da Dove Vengo E Non So Dove Mai Andro, Uomo E' Il Nome Che Mi Han Dato 7
|Si-Wan Records
They began their career in 1969, the odd name coming from a popular Playboy model of the early 60's, and only released three singles in their five years career, the first two closer to the Italian beat of the time, while the third had a good rockier B-side in Torneremo ancora. though still far from their LP sound. The group was a sextet in the picture on the cover of the 1969 single, reduced to a five-piece in the second, a year later. The album came in 1973, the vocal parts are short but very well made by singer Paradiso, leaving plenty of room to acoustic atmospheres and the sudden assaults of guitarist Vitolli and flute/sax/keyboards player Trama, and the seven tracks on the album are all highly regarding, with a mention for Smarrimento with a sweet flute introduction, a furious guitar/flute interplay followed by the acoustic guitar based vocal parts that leads to a powerful guitar-driven end. After the album release De De Lind played at 1973 Rassegna di Musica Popolare held in Rome, and at Be-In festival in Naples, with new drummer Fabio Rizzato. Singer Vito Paradiso had a short solo career in 1978-80, while the rest of the band has totally disappeared. Before forming De De Lind drummer Rebajoli had played with New Dada and I Nuovi Angeli, with which he returned after leaving this group.


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So O is at his moms house till Sunday. He't got his phone back, all is well with the world. I haven't spoken to BM except to text her that he had a bit of a sore throat on Sunday but no fever because she refused to come to the door like an adult to pick him up.
O is currently texting me. It is 10pm on a school night. He wakes up at like 6:30am to get ready and leave her house to barely make it to school on time. I texted him back and said, "Buddy I want you to be real honest with me. Are you allowed to be using your phone right now or are you supposed to be in bed? It's pretty late." And all the sudden I'm not getting any texts from him.
I'm not about to text his mom because if she IS letting him stay up this late she's going to think I am prying into her time with O and judging her parenting. Hopefully he made the right choice to put the phone down and go to bed. I don't want him to not trust me or not text me because I LOVE hearing from him when he's at his moms house. It makes the week go by faster.
Re: Conflicted
When he's with you next, I'd talk about the right times to call - like not when he's supposed to be in bed. Of course letting him know that he can always contact you if there is an emergency or something is wrong. But he has to do his chatting text during appropriate times.
Re: Conflicted
If he stopped, I'd probably assume he made the right choice and leave it alone. Like you said, you don't want her to assume you are judging her parenting or anything, and you want O to know that he can trust you and that it's okay to contact you in an emergency, at any time. I like the idea of talking to him about it on your time :)
Re: Conflicted
I wouldn't say anything to his mom or she may take the phone away and lose it again!
I think I would leave it alone. You let him know you didn't think he should be up so late, he stopped texting at that point. I think its handled.
Re: Conflicted
He texted me this morning at 6:45 and said "I told my mom can I please stay up a little later so i can text my favorite stepmom in the world and she said yes but then you are going to bed."
Interesting.... lol
Re: Conflicted
:lol: I :heart: that kid, he's adorable. I wouldn't mention it.
Re: Conflicted
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Former WWE Cruiserweight Champion Gregory Helms has a cryptic clock posted on his Myspace account. The caption of the clock reads "It's almost time!" This could be an indication that Helms is nearing a return to the ring. For those unaware, Helms has been out of action with a neck injury for over a year. You can visit the Myspace page at http://www.myspace.com/gshelms
It should be noted that the time on the "clock" reads 10:21, which could be an indication that Helms may be returning on October 21st. That date is a Tuesday, which would make sense since he was last seen as a Smackdown member.
Gamestop is listing a special Smackdown vs Raw 2009 package which features the gsme, a DVD, the soundtrack and a mini WWE program. The price of the package, however, is not listed with the item.
Have a news tip? Attended an event and want to send a live report?


text:
I ♡ Baroque Square Dish 14 cm
A porcelain square dish decorated in the beautiful signature tones of the I ♡ Baroque collection.
Sale Price $285.00
A porcelain square dish decorated in the beautiful signature tones of the I ♡ Baroque collection.
Details & Care
Porcelain Dishwasher safe - With this decor the colors are melted into the glaze at 1000 degrees C. Here the glaze softens and the decor sinks into it, thus making color and luminosity indestructible. It is scratch- and wear-resistant. However, gold decors are not totally scratch resistant by virtue of their natural material properties. This decor was tested by the Rosenthal Institute for Material Technology (IWT). It is dishwasher safe.
item # N25814-N403651_RTU_TU_N1408__
Size & Fit
Length: 14 width: 14 cm
Shipping & Returns
Standard Delivery up to 7 days
Free returns on all orders
Fragrances are not available for shipment to Alaska and Hawaii.
Standard delivery up to 7 days
Express shipping up to 3 days
For more details view Shipping and Delivery section


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Pagaralam is a city in South Sumatra. It bounded by Bengkulu Province to the south, the district of Jarai to the north, the district of Kota Agung to the east and the district of Tanjung Sakti to the west.
Pagar Alam city has a very rich tourism potential, in addition to natural attractions, there are also archaeological sites. In the city of Pagar Alam there are at least 33 waterfalls and 26 menhir sites that have been recorded.
Most of the land in Pagar Alam is derived from the type of latosol and andosol type, with undulating to hilly surface shape. Looking at the the class, the land in this area in general is containing of high fertility soil (grade I). The proof is that Pagar Alam is mostly producing vegetables, fruits, and is one of the sub-terminal agribusiness (STA) in the province of South Sumatra.


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Meet Z.L. Arkadie
What made you choose Red Adept Editing?
I read some very good reviews regarding the quality of work and decided to give Red Adept Editing a try. Those reviews were spot on.
You've mostly worked with Cassie on the RAE staff. What do you enjoy most about her editing style?
Cassie is thorough and meticulous. She's not afraid to bruise my ego, and I require an uninhibited editor.
I know you've published a lot of books, but I've lost count. How many do you have out?
So far, 15: 9 in the Parched series and 6 in the Love in the USA series.
You write romances, which your readers really love, but do you ever think about branching out into other genres?
Actually, I started out writing Sci-Fi with the Misty Black series. So maybe I'll branch out into the other genres in the future. We writers are always changing and growing creatively. What we have a taste for today may change in five years.
Do all of your books have happily-ever-after endings?
My books are about "getting" to happily-ever-after. My characters meet. They are attracted to each other. Fate has put them together. Now what? These are two adults, bringing their values and beliefs to a relationship. They've had aspirations. They've developed likes and dislikes. They have different ways of looking at the world, at love and what kind of relationship they want to have. But in my books fate put them together. So my stories are about resolving all of those issues and coming out on the other side, in love, respecting one another and knowing squarely that my characters can't live without one another.
What part of self-publishing do you enjoy the most?
I love the independence. I love having the ability to write stories that the established publishing industry would never accept from a person like me. I love being able to give readers a different perspective, which in turn tears down stereotypes. I love having the ability to be raw in my storytelling, which is why I love Cassie. She's always going to give me her middle-America opinion, which I may take or leave. I'm so not middle-America, which is the reason I would've never gotten published traditionally.
You have some awesome covers. Who does your cover work?
Karri Klawiter is my main cover artist.
What do you do when you're not writing?
When I'm not writing, I'm thinking about writing. This is probably the standard for all full-time independent authors. We love what we do, and it's hard to turn it off. I also catch up on all my DVR'd shows. I love TV, and I'm not ashamed to admit it. I also enjoy indulging in beautiful sunsets.
Name a few of your favorite authors and tell us what you like about them.
I like Emily Giffin and Candace Bushnell because, before the independent movement in the publishing industry, they wrote real contemporary romance about characters and storylines that I could relate to.
What advice would you give to a new author?
Learn how to tell story above all. Plot is important. Read Aristotle's "Theory of Tragedy" in the Poetics, over and over until it seeps in, and then find a creative way to break the rules! I've recently started reading this book that contains Native American stories handed down in the oral tradition. I'm learning how to be in the moment. The story may or may not be a string of action and reaction, building major and minor plot points. And what will be the impact of veering away from classic plot structure? The point is to realize that this trade of ours is more than the final product. We are craftsman and we must know how to use the tools of our trade.


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For sale by Life Supplements 13 Jul 1:41 pmColombo 8, Colombo
Arnold Series - Iron Cre3 - 30 Servings
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If you decide to collect a security deposit from your tenants in the state of Texas, you must be aware that there are certain rules you must follow. If you fail to follow the law, you could lose your right to keep any portion of your tenant's security deposit, even if you had the right to make the deduction. Here are seven basic security deposit rules every Texas landlord should know.

7 Frequently Asked Questions:

Security Deposit Limit- None.

Storing Deposit- No Rules.

Written Notice After Receipt- Not Required.

Keeping Deposit- Breach of Lease, Damage, Live Out Security Deposit, Improper Notice.

Walk-Through Inspection- Not Required.

Returning Deposit- Within 30 Days' of Move-Out.

Selling Property- Transfer Deposits to New Owner.

1. Is There a Security Deposit Limit in Texas?

No, there is no limit to the maximum amount a landlord in Texas can charge a tenant for a security deposit.

2. Storing The Security Deposit in Texas

There are no requirements for how a landlord must store a tenant's security deposit in the state of Texas.

3. Is Written Notice Required After Receipt of the Security Deposit in Texas?

No, a landlord does not have to provide written notice to the tenant after receiving a security deposit in Texas.

4. Reasons You Can Keep a Tenant's Security Deposit in Texas

In the state of Texas, a landlord may be allowed to keep all or a portion of a tenant's security deposit for the following reasons:

Breach of lease.

Damage in excess of normal wear and tear.

If a tenant attempts to "live out" their security deposit as last month's rent, the tenant may be liable to pay the landlord three times the amount and any of the landlord's attorney fees.

If a tenant does not give advanced notice before vacating the unit, and it is clearly spelled out in the lease (either underlined or in bold print) that failure to give advanced notice will result in the tenant forfeiting their right to the security deposit, the landlord may be able to keep the tenant's security deposit.

a. If the tenant has breached their lease but finds a "satisfactory" replacement tenant who will move-in on or before the lease ends, the tenant will still be entitled to the return of their security deposit, minus any additional charges.

b. If the landlord finds a "satisfactory" replacement tenant who will move-in on or before the lease ends, the landlord can still deduct expenses incurred from finding the replacement tenant including time spent to do so. If the lease agreement included a lease cancellation fee, the landlord is still allowed to charge the tenant this fee.

5. Is a Walk-Through Inspection Required in Texas?

No, a walk-through inspection is not required before a tenant moves out.

6. Returning a Tenant's Security Deposit in Texas

30 Days:

In Texas, the landlord has 30 days from the date the tenant moves out to return the tenant's security deposit. The exception to this rule is if a tenant had not provided a forwarding address. In this case, a landlord does not have to make any effort to return a security deposit until the tenant provides the landlord with his or her forwarding address.

Deductions:

If the landlord has made any deductions from the tenant's security deposit, the landlord must send the tenant the balance of their security deposit along with a written itemized list of any damages and the approximate cost of repair. The landlord is not required to include this list if the tenant owes the landlord rent at lease termination and there is no discrepancy regarding the amount of rent owed.

Wrongful Withholding:

If a landlord attempts to wrongfully withhold a tenant's security deposit, the landlord may be responsible for three times the amount of deposit withheld plus attorney's fees. If the landlord does not provide written notice of any damages for the portion of security withheld, the landlord gives up the right to withhold any of the security deposit and may have to pay any attorney fees the tenant incurred trying to recover their deposit.

7. What Happens to the Security Deposit If You Sell Your Property?

In the event that you sell your property, or the property otherwise changes ownership, you are responsible for transferring the security deposits to the new owner. You will be liable for these deposits until the new owner issues a signed written notice to the tenants informing them that they are now in possession of the security deposits and the exact amount of security deposit received. Once this notice is given, the new owner is solely liable for the security deposits.

What Is Texas' Security Deposit Law?

If you are interested in viewing the actual text of Texas' security deposit law, please consult Texas Property Code Section 92.101-109


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We offer a small company direct-customer care approach combined with our big company resources and reliability. ASI Electrical Services believes in providing clients with a high level of personal attention, regardless of project size.
Our professionals are extensively trained to provide unmatched level of customer service. We keep our clients updated on the progress of their installation with consistent communications regarding the status of each project. You can always reach someone with the knowledge to assist on any project issues.
Our installations are designed for maximum reliability with attention to value engineering. We provide complete project documentation and as-built construction floor plans that are fundamental to effective day-two facility maintenance operations.
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Dedicated Service
We know that technology is of no use unless you and your enterprise know how to use it. We can get you up and running and answer any question as they arise.


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Tips For Entrepreneurs To Balance Risk & Opportunity
By Martin at January 18, 2014 | 8:51 am | Print
There is no real business opportunity without risk. Serious entrepreneurs know that, but too many "wannabes" still fall for that elusive dream of a get-rich-quick scheme with no risk. As an active Angel investor, I still hear entrepreneurs asserting large opportunities with minimal risk or no competition. My conclusion either way is that there is no market, or they haven't looked.
According to a new book by serial entrepreneur and former race car driver Tom Panaggio, "The Risk Advantage: Embracing the Entrepreneur's Unexpected Edge," 9 smart business owners embrace two essential risks to every opportunity – decision and change. First, they decide on a direction to jump, and then they make adjustments and innovations to keep going and growing.
In simple terms, the way you balance risk and opportunity is to look at both as two sides of the same coin. Obviously you are looking for the opportunity side to be bigger than the risk side. Great entrepreneurs have learned how to realistically assess and manage both sides of the coin in the following business opportunity and risk categories:
1. Strategic. Visionary entrepreneurs tend to identify and map strategic new opportunities, rather than grow existing current ones, based on market insights emerging technology. The risks in new opportunities are usually not evident, so the challenge here is to reduce the probability that the assumed risks actually materialize and to improve the company's ability to manage or contain the risk events, should they occur.
2. Financial. Both risks and opportunities in this area can arise from many aspects of your startup, before and after product development. First you need to assess the risks and value of investor funding and carrying debt. Then you walk the delicate balance between burn rates, revenue flows versus expenses, investment in marketing, and employees.
3. Operational. Once a business is operational, the opportunity can be maximized, and risk managed through best-of-breed processes, and a rules-based control model. Examples are the risks from employees' unauthorized, illegal, unethical, or inappropriate actions and the risks from breakdowns in routine processes.
4. Growth. The way you scale your business is a huge balancing act between risk and opportunity. You can grow organically, or stretch out with big capital investments for volume and reach. Grow too fast, and risk quality and delivery ability, or go slowly only to be overtaken by your competitors or a new technology. Find the balance.
For entrepreneurs, both Panaggio and I agree that the first step is adopting a winner's mindset, and not become a prisoner of hope. When entrepreneurs become prisoners of hope, they look for others to solve their problem. After that, the key is to embrace risk, rather than fight it, which gives you the real advantage:
• Embrace the risk of failure. Every entrepreneur must realize that failure is not defeat, but a signal that it is necessary to invoke the two essential risks: decide that change is necessary, and change. Every investor believes that entrepreneurs learn more from failures than from successes. Short-term failures lead to long-term successes.
• Embrace the risk of proactive marketing. Marketing is fraught with risk, but playing it safe or no marketing is the ultimate risk. Proactive marketing is a marketing strategy that focuses on one objective – to generate customers now. Look at marketing as an investment, not an expense. Risk being known for who you are, as well as what you sell.
• Embrace the risk of standing in your own line. All entrepreneurs should face the risk of being one of their own customers, by using their own products and standing in their own customer service lines. Only shortsighted leaders assume that customers have unreasonable expectations, or their demands will increase once you have a relationship.
Embracing risk and learning from your mistakes really is an entrepreneur's edge, since only startups and small businesses can afford to fail quickly, maybe multiple times, and all the while having the ability to pivot quickly to achieve success. In fact, these are the keys to balancing risks against the opportunities. When was the last time you felt your business was in balance?
CEO & Founder of Startup Professionals, Inc.; Advisory Board Member for multiple startups; ATIF Angels Selection Committee; Entrepreneur in Residence at ASU and Thunderbird School of Global Management.


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ICD-9 Diagnosis Code V82.3
Screen-cong hip dislocat
Diagnosis Code V82.3
Short Description: Screen-cong hip dislocat
Long Description: Screening for congenital dislocation of hip
This is the 2014 version of the ICD-9-CM diagnosis code V82.3
Code Classification
Supplementary classification of factors influencing health status and contact with health services (E)
Persons without reported diagnosis encountered during examination and investigation of individuals and populations (V70-V82)
- V82 Special screening for other conditions
- Persons without reported diagnosis encountered during examination and investigation of individuals and populations (V70-V82)
Information for Medical Professionals
The ICD-10 and ICD-9 GEMs are used to facilitate linking between the diagnosis codes in ICD-9-CM and the new ICD-10-CM code set. The GEMs are the raw material from which providers, health information vendors and payers can derive specific applied mappings to meet their needs.
- Z13.828 - Encounter for screening for other musculoskeletal disorder (approximate) Approximate Flag
The approximate flag is on, indicating that the relationship between the code in the source system and the code in the target system is an approximate equivalent.
Index of Diseases and Injuries
References found for the code V82.3 in the Index of Diseases and Injuries:
- Screening (for) V82.9
- congenital
- dislocation of hip V82.3
- dislocation of hip, congenital V82.3
- congenital
Information for Patients
Also called: Screening tests
Screenings are tests that look for diseases before you have symptoms. Screening tests can find diseases early, when they're easier to treat. You can get some screenings in your doctor's office. Others need special equipment, so you may need to go to a different office or clinic.
Some conditions that doctors commonly screen for include
- Breast cancer and cervical cancer in women
- Colorectal cancer
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Osteoporosis
- Overweight and obesity
- Prostate cancer in men
Which tests you need depends on your age, your sex, your family history, and whether you have risk factors for certain diseases. After a screening test, ask when you will get the results and whom to talk to about them.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
[Read More]
Hip Injuries and Disorders
Your hip is the joint where your thigh bone meets your pelvis bone. Hips are called ball-and-socket joints because the ball-like top of your thigh bone moves within a cup-like space in your pelvis. Your hips are very stable. When they are healthy, it takes great force to hurt them. However, playing sports, running, overuse or falling can all sometimes lead to hip injuries. These include
- Strains
- Bursitis
- Dislocations
- Fractures
Certain diseases also lead to hip injuries or problems. Osteoarthritis can cause pain and limited motion. Osteoporosis of the hip causes weak bones that break easily. Both of these are common in older people.
Treatment for hip disorders may include rest, medicines, physical therapy, or surgery, including hip replacement.
- Developmental dysplasia of the hip
- Getting your home ready - knee or hip surgery
- Hip arthroscopy
- Hip flexor strain -- aftercare
- Hip fracture - discharge
- Hip fracture surgeries
- Hip joint injection
- Hip pain
- Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
- Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
- Toxic synovitis
- Trochanteric bursitis
[Read More]


text: Has anyone seen this bag at the outlets or on sale at dillards or something? Of course now that its out of the boutique I decided that I love it! I want it in either black or brown optic. Does anyone remember how much it originally retailed for and how much it is going for now at the outlets or something? I love that braided strap! It is #10990 Thanks!


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I scream, you scream, everyone screams for Gifford's Ice Cream during the annual two-for-one closing weekend special. This weekend, Oct. 16-17, 2010, Gifford's closes it five Maine ice cream stands and its 30th year in biz with its annual Buy One Get One Free clear-out-the-freezers event. The offer is valid for every ice cream purchased at its stands in Auburn, Farmington, Bangor, Waterville, and Skowhegan. Stands open at noon, and offer continues while supplies last.
So, how much ice cream did you folks consumer this season? According to the good folks at Gifford's: More than 34,000 gallons of ice cream have been served at its Maine stands since they opened for the 2010 season in March of this year. Gifford's ice cream stand fans this season enjoyed approximately 133,600 sugar cones, 154 gallons of cherries, 696 pounds of chocolate sprinkles, 745 pounds of rainbow sprinkles, and 630 pounds of nuts. In addition, more than 24,462 frappes and 3,061 banana splits were served at the company's five Maine stands this season.
Let the debate begin: are they sprinkles or jimmies?


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Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race
Page: 43Lugh was, of course, the appointed redeemer of the Danaan people from their servitude. His coming is narrated in a story which brings out the solar attributes of universal power, and shows him, like Apollo, as the presiding deity of all human knowledge and of all artistic and medicinal skill. He came, it is told, to take service with Nuada of the Silver Hand, and when the doorkeeper at the royal palace of Tara asked him what he could do, he answered that he was a carpenter.


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North City Water District is proud to be a part of a group of local water utilities in Seattle and King County who are working together to help customers save water and money. Known as the Saving Water Partnership, we are working to implement a 1% Water Conservation Initiative: to reduce personal and business water consumption 1% every year for ten years.
To find out what kind of rebates are available to you and for a wealth of information on how you can reduce your water consumption, visit the Saving Water Partnership's website by clicking here.


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I'm so weary of cold and snow these days and the taste and smell of warm citrus baked goods helps keep the hope alive that Spring and sunshine will indeed come to our farm. Last week I made Lemon Bars with Limoncello Icing for the girl's Easter care package and this week I decided to try something with one of our lime marmalades for the boy's package. The lime marmalade is very intense in flavor and held up well in the baking process.
Easter College Care Package for the Boy
My son is a junior in college and has recently developed a relationship with a girl that looks like it may have some staying power. They both enjoy experimenting with food and drink and I have been using them as "tasters" for the cocktails I'm developing which use our shrub syrups and simple syrups. The "Mint Julep" that I made for him last summer was his favorite, and is now a standing request when he comes home at breaks.
I found these wonderful mint julep cups online, had them monogrammed with our last name initial, and sent it to him along with a recipe for the Mint Julep and two different syrups he can use in the recipe. Now he can impress her with his "mixology" skills. I certainly would have been impressed if my college boyfriend knew how to serve anything other than a cheap beer!
Recipe for the Lime Marmalade Cake
- 12 Tbsp (1 and 1/2 sticks) butter, at room temp. (plus 1/2 Tbsp for glaze)
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 2 tsp grated lime zest
- 1 tsp grated orange or lemon zest
- 3 eggs, at room temp
- 2/3 cups lime marmalade, divided into two 1/3 cups
- 2 Tbsp fresh lemon juice (can use orange or lime also)
- 1 1/2 cups all-purpose flour
- 1 1/2 tsp baking powder
- 3/4 tsp fine sea salt
- 4 Tbsp powdered sugar
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Spray a 9 x 5 inch loaf pan with cooking spray
- In a stand mixer, using the paddle attachment, beat together the butter sugar, and both zests for 3-5 minutes, or until it looks light and airy.. Beat in the eggs, one at a time. Beat in 1/3 cups of the lime marmalade, along with the citrus juice until everything is incorporated.
- In a clean bowl whisk together the dry ingredients, to include the flour, baking powder and salt.
- Fold the dry ingredients into the marmalade mixture until just combined (do not overmix)
- Pour the batter into the prepared loaf pan and bake 50 minutes, or until golden brown around the edges and light golden in the center. When cake has cooled for at least 10 minutes, loosen the edges of the cake from the pan by inserting a knife between the cake and the pan and running it along the edges. Turn cake out onto a plate.
- For the Glaze: Heat the other 1/3 cup of lime marmalade gently until it is melted and whisk in 1/2 Tbsp of butter and the powdered sugar. Whisk until no lumps of sugar remain. Spoon the glaze over the cake. Using a microplane, zest some lime and orange peel onto the top of the glaze. Cool completely before slicing.
Happy Easter!!!


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Our Shelton Black Area Rug is truly one of a kind in its exquisite unique design that is sophisticated and enhanced with elegant details. This rug is sure to add long lasting elegance to your home. This rug will certainly blend beautifully with any style of home decor.
- Made of 100% heat-set Olefin for durability
- Action back requiring use of gripper (sold separately)
- Machine Made
- Stain resistant for easy care
- Spot clean for maintenance
- Yarn dyed for vibrant, lasting color
- Please Note: The digital images and product dimensions on our website are as accurate as possible. Due to differences in computer monitors, some rug colors may vary slightly. Lengths and widths may vary from the published dimensions. We do our best to provide you with an exact measurement, but please be advised that some variation exists. Patterns may vary slightly according to shape and size selected.


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Details of Oliver's Camp
In April and May, when the annual rains come to an end, the lush grasslands and profusion of wildflowers provide the best opportunity for walking safaris, while the approaching dry season from August through to October brings vast herds of wildlife to the watery wetlands on the fringes of Oliver's Camp. At this time, Tarangire boasts the highest concentration of mammals in any of Tanzania's renowned national parks, yet as the November rains return the herds depart and the return of migratory birds provides ample entertainment for twitchers.
At Oliver's the 10 en-suite safari tents offer bush luxury without superfluous frills; the spacious outdoor shower perhaps the one extravagance you'll happily allow.
Number of tents Oliver's: 10
- Number of tents Little Oliver's: 5
- Children: above 6 years
- Triples: 2
- Suitable for disabled guests
- Distance between tents: 20-30 meters
- En suite bathrooms
- Flush toilets
- In-room lockable box
- Laundry service
- Power: solar and generator
- Battery charging facilities
Little Oliver's Camp
Just 1km downstream from Oliver's is the latest addition to our Tarangire wilderness experience; Little Oliver's Camp. Offering the same high level of service and authentic safari experience as Oliver's, Little Oliver's had just 5 en-suite tents and works particularly well for a group or family travelling together.
Kuro: 50 minutes drive from camp
ENQUIRY - Shadows Of Africa
Get personal pricing option and a free advice from tour specialist! Your personal information is absolutely safe with us!
Our tour specialists are ready to help you with your trip planning with the best possible combinations to suit your needs.Please complete this short form and we will get in touch within 24 hours.All personal information supplied will be absolutely secure and remain within our organization and will not be shared with any external entity unless prior permission is given.


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Darris Wiggins, Jr.
- 35 years old
- Date of birth: December 10th, 1980
- Date of passing: April 24th, 2016
This memorial website was created in the memory of our loved one, Darris Wiggins, Jr., 35, born on December 10th, 1980 and passed away on April 24th, 2016. We will remember him forever.
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This was a comment on a post over at Dangerously Irrelevant. Read his post and then read my comment.
Hi Scott,
I must take issue with your comments on Vygtosky. I can say most emphatically that Vygtosky would not support video games as the more knowledgeable other. In fact, video games don't speak to the ZPD at all. I realize that Dr. Gee (et al) often use this terminology but it is not typically used in concordance with Vygtosky's intentions.
It's worth noting that Vygotsky spent little time (6 pages out of thousands) on the ZPD and for the record, the ZPD requires assessment to determine.
To clarify, Vygotsky supports the ZPD to be used by an educator to determine the exact gap between what a child cannot do, and what a child can do with a little help. You're right in calling that a growth area, but Vygotsky would not support interaction with video games as a form of this growth. In fact, he advocated interaction between a child and the Ideal Form of Behavior, which he meant as an adult.
As an aside, Vygotsky would not support peer groups as a form of the ZPD either. I often hear educators use the ZPD as a reason to have students work together on something, but it simply isn't the case.
Let me direct you to some resources on the matter.
Gredler, M. E. & Shields, C. (2008). Vygotsky's legacy: A foundation for research and practice. New York: Guilford.
Gredler, M. E. (2005). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (5th ed.). New York: Prentice Hall.
Gredler, M. E. & Shields, C. (2004). Does no one read Vygotsky's words? Commentary on Glassman (201). Educational Researcher, 33(2), 21-25.
I study under Dr. Gredler, a tenured professor who studied under Robert Gagne (can't figure out how to put the accent on the e, yikes) and who has spent years researching Vygotsky and has read his entire works many times. She is considered a leading authority on the matter.
I invite you to revisit Vygotsky and I think your understanding will change a bit, especially in terms of video games.
I am well familiar with the Schaffer (sp?), Gee, Steinkeuhler (oh gosh what is her husband's name? drawing a blank, his thesis was Civilization in a high school history class and he's also at the U of Wisconsin-Madison), Dede, etc etc.
For an alternate perspective, let me point you to such folks as Feldon at Washington State, Clark, Yates, others at the U of Southern Califorina (his book Learning and Media is excellent, 2001) and others.
Point is this, there is an alternative viewpoint to the whole debate of video games in education, but many do not accept valid counter arguments due to the "fun" nature of video games.
To sum it up, after having read much in this area and after having completed a lengthy lit review concerning MUVE's in K-12, I just don't see the evidence for video games having a direct effect on learning content matter.
Notice, I'm looking for researched evidence, not anecdote. In fact, I'd say that video games in education can be harmful to learning content matter.
Notice I'm talking about content matter, not learning how to design prims in Second Life. I'm talking about learning the basics that we all need to know, the 3 R's.
Sorry for the long comment, but I think much clarification is needed here.


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A 30-year-old Montclair man is behind bars in connection with a weekend stabbing that critically wounded a man in Moreno Valley, sheriff's officials say.
Joseph Lee Kim was arrested Tuesday, July 12, and booked for attempted murder, jail records show. His bail is $1 million.
The stabbing was reported at 3:06 a.m. Saturday.
Deputies found the wounded man in the front yard of a home at an undisclosed location.
Kim was apprehended about 4:15 p.m. Tuesday along Sunnymead Ranch Parkway.


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Jubilant Democrats celebrated wins in two open gubernatorial races Tuesday _ in North Carolina and Missouri _ and Washington state Democratic Gov. Chris Gregoire won re-election in a rematch against a bitter rival.
The win in Missouri gave Democrats a momentary 29-21 edge in state capitals nationwide. Ten of 11 governorships were decided Tuesday, with results still hanging for Washington state.
In North Carolina, Lt. Gov. Beverly Perdue's win kept the state in the hands of Democrats, who have held the governor's seat 88 of the last 100 years. Perdue replaces Democrat Gov. Mike Easley, who is stepping down because of term limits.
Perdue ignored predictions early in her political career about difficulties winning election as a woman. Running for governor, she pitched her reputation as a problem solver after years in state government.
"I haven't run simply because I'm the first woman candidate running, but I hear it everywhere I go," she said Tuesday. "Little girls and little boys, just say 'Wow, is it possible?' So, yeah, it's exciting, mighty exciting."
Said her opponent, Charlotte Mayor Pat McCrory: "This was not the night we had planned, but I accept the voters' conclusions from North Carolina."
The results hinged on how many newly registered Democrats and black voters casting ballots for Barack Obama also voted for Perdue. Final results in the presidential race in North Carolina were still unknown, though Obama has won the presidency based on victories in Florida, Ohio, Virginia and elsewhere.
Across the country eight incumbents were re-elected. In Indiana, Republican Gov. Mitch Daniels easily turned back a Democratic challenger hoping to benefit from an expected strong turnout for Obama.
In Washington, Gregoire and GOP challenger Dino Rossi, a former state senator, restaged their 2004 contest that Gregoire won by 133 votes _ the closest percentage margin of any governor's race in U.S. history.
This time, with about 48 percent of the expected ballots counted Tuesday, Gregoire had about 53 percent of the vote, compared to Rossi's 47 percent.
In Vermont, Republican Gov. Jim Douglas was re-elected to a fourth two-year term after beating back challenges from two rivals. Douglas had more than 50 percent of the vote with most precincts reporting. Staying above 50 percent was crucial, since the choice goes to the state Legislature in Vermont if the winner receives less than 50 percent.
Among other incumbents, Democrats in Montana, West Virginia and New Hampshire won re-election by a wide margin, as did Republicans in North Dakota and Utah. In Delaware, Democrat Jack Markell easily won the open seat.
Tuesday's races were a prelude to 2010, when four of every five states will elect governors who will help preside over the redrawing of legislative and congressional districts.
The tough campaigns in North Carolina and Washington offered hints of the battle to come, as the national Republican and Democratic governors' associations spent about $4 million on each of their candidates in each of the two states. Both groups have reported record fundraising this year as part of a four-year plan that will culminate in 2010.
Polls in Missouri had given Attorney General Jay Nixon a strong lead over U.S. Rep. Kenny Hulshof, who once worked for Nixon as an assistant prosecutor. Nixon will replace Republican Gov. Matt Blunt, who did not seek re-election.
Nixon and Hulshof focused their campaigns on the economy, education and health care while casting each other as big spenders incapable of changing Missouri's Capitol.
In Indiana, Daniels defeated Democrat Jill Long Thompson, a former congresswoman who trailed in fundraising and was off the air for several weeks with campaign ads. She was banking on voter discontent with some of Daniels' decisions, including leasing the Indiana toll road to a foreign, private group. Daniels outspent his Democratic rival by at least $10 million.
In the race for an open seat in Delaware, Markell, the state treasurer and former Nextel executive, easily defeated Republican Bill Lee, a former judge. Term limits prohibited Gov. Ruth Ann Minner from running again.
In West Virginia, Gov. Joe Manchin, a former state lawmaker and secretary of state, defeated former Republican legislator Russ Weeks and Jesse Johnson, the Mountain Party's nominee.
In New Hampshire, Gov. John Lynch beat state senator Joe Kenney to win a third two-year term. In North Dakota, Gov. John Hoeven, a banker turned politician, defeated Democratic state Sen. Tim Mathern.
In Utah, Republican Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr., a former U.S. ambassador to Singapore, defeated Democrat Bob Springmeyer, a Salt Lake City management consultant.
In Montana, Gov. Brian Schweitzer beat state Sen. Roy Brown as Schweitzer promoted increases in oil and gas production and a freeze in college tuition during his first term.


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Sewing patterns usually have two sheets of guides and instructions included with the tissue-paper pattern. The guides will tell you what abbreviations mean, which pattern pieces to use for each pattern view, show pattern layouts for each view with two different fabric widths (usually 44-inch and 60-inch wide fabric) and give cutting and sewing tips. The instructions will give you step-by-step descriptions of preparing and sewing each piece.
After you've decided which view to make, look at the guide to see which pieces you'll need. Cut out those pieces, which are usually lettered, and press them with a warm iron. Pin them to the fabric as shown in the layout guide, or use weights to hold them in place, and cut them out on the cutting line. The cutting line is not the seam line, so be sure you're looking at the correct one.
Follow the instructions to assemble the garment or other item you're making. If you have trouble understanding the illustrations in the instructions, there are plenty of basic sewing lessons online.


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By Margaret McKinney
Highlands University
Rubber ducks will be swimming the waters of the Gallinas River in Las Vegas June 9 for the second annual New Mexico Highlands University's Going Quakers fundraiser for student scholarships.
Meet at 11 a.m. on the banks of the Gallinas just south of the bridge on Bridge Street to cheer for your little ducky in the race. This year, the specially ordered cowgirl and cowboy ducks sport cowboy hats, bandannas and lassos.
From The Associated Press
Ruth Mares installed in post
Ruth Mares, co-owner of Territorial Title of Las Vegas, Inc. was recently installed as the president of the New Mexico Land Title Association at its annual convention held in Raton.
The New Mexico Land Title Association is an 85 year old organization made up of title and abstracting professionals, including independent title insurance agents and abstractors and title insurance underwriters and direct operations.
By Susan Montoya Bryan
The Associated Press
ALBUQUERQUE — New Mexico authorities on Wednesday detailed what they called a "recipe for fraud" as they announced the bust of a sophisticated ring that specialized in helping illegal immigrants obtain fraudulent driver's licenses.
The recipe included reams of fraudulent documents — from rental agreements to bank statements, vehicle titles and insurance paperwork — that were used as proof of residency to obtain licenses in at least 54 cases, authorities said.
The Associated Press
LOS ANGELES — When Adam Henrique decided to face playoff elimination by shaving his beard into a bristly mustache, the New Jersey Devils realized their remarkable rookie isn't exactly buckling under the pressure of the Stanley Cup finals.
Martin Brodeur probably has pads older than his teammate, and the NHL's winningest goalie was acutely aware of the stakes riding on his every save in Game 4.
By Barry Massey
The Associated Press
ALBUQUERQUE — Republican Gov. Susana Martinez and her allies flexed their muscle in legislative races by reaching across party lines to help moderate Democrats survive challenges from liberals, but the governor's favored GOP candidate lost in a Senate contest in eastern New Mexico.
By Dave Kavanaugh and Mercy Lopez
Las Vegas Optic
Former Highlands professor Tomas Salazar ousted longtime Dist. 70 Rep. Richard Vigil on Tuesday, while Dist. 8 Sen. Pete Campos held off a challenge from fellow legislator Thomas Garcia.
It was an intriguing primary election for area Democrats in particular, as many key seats were contested. And with no Republican opposition in November in most of the races, Tuesday's results held particular importance.
Neither Salazar nor Campos are facing Republican challengers.
Las Vegas City Schools officials informed employees Tuesday that unless serious cuts to the budget are made, the district will likely end up with a $1.2 million deficit at the end of next fiscal year.
Right now, Superintendent Sheryl McNellis-Martinez is looking at instituting mandatory furloughs for all employees during the upcoming school year. She said that at this point, she doesn't know exactly how many days employees would be furloughed, which effectively means that workers would be forced to take days off without pay.
Nearly eight years after five people were killed in a drunk driving crash in Mora County, the man behind the wheel is headed back to prison.
Mario Trujillo was sentenced Tuesday to 21 years, though some of that time is to be served concurrently, meaning that the actual sentence imposed was 19 years. Under the plea agreement, Judge Eugenio Mathis could have sentenced Trujillo to anything from 12 to 25 years.
Crews were called in on Tuesday to battle two wildfires, one that burned near the city's Bradner reservoir that was about 95 percent contained as of Tuesday night and a second burning in the city's watershed by El Porvenir that was presenting more of a challenge.
As of late Tuesday, the fires were both small, and City Manager Timothy Dodge said there would likely be now big impact on water quality unless the Lane fire grows. Dodge said that as of late Tuesday, the Lane fire was about 10 acres and zero percent contained.
Listening to Tuesday night election returns over KNMX radio, a crowd of Tomas Salazar supporters gathered at El Fidel Hotel sang along with a musical interlude provided by the Everly Brothers.
But these folks were in an improvising mood. Instead of "Bye bye love, bye bye happiness," they crooned "Bye bye Rick, Bye bye Rick Vigil."
By the time Salazar arrived from the San Miguel County Courthouse, the newly rechristened oldie had become a de facto victory anthem.
Copyright © 2018
The Las Vegas Optic is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in San Miguel County and Las Vegas, NM, and the surrounding area.


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The summer of 2016 may go down as one of extremes on both sides of the spectrum — featuring several 2-3 week dry spells book ended by flooding rains in May and August.
On June 6, Lake Travis climbed to the 9th highest level in history after deadly flooding in Central Texas. This was the highest level observed since 2007.
- June 6 level — 692.6 ft. above sea level
Travis only declined by several feet during the following weeks of dry, hot weather — thanks in large part to continued inflow from creeks and rivers.
After tallying 24 100-degree days between June 28 and August 12, parts of the Lake Travis inflow region have received more than 15 inches of rain over the past two weeks.
- Current level — 681.2 ft. above sea level (full elevation is 681′)
Drier weather is forecast to return Tuesday and Wednesday, but more rain is expected later this week.


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 22, 2007
|Filing date
|Dec 2, 2005
|Priority date
|Sep 10, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Carleton Miyamoto, Jagadish Bandhole, Sekaran Nanja
|Original Assignee
|Veritas Operating Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (33), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (8), Classifications (14), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/241,809, entitled "System for Automated Boot From Disk Image," filed Sep. 10, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,986,033 and naming Carleton Miyamoto, Jagadish Bandhole and Sekaran Nania as inventors, which is related to the following U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/663,252 entitled "USER INTERFACE FOR DYNAMIC COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT USING ALLOCABLE RESOURCES" filed on Sep. 15, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,082,521; Ser. No. 10/241,808 entitled "SYSTEM FOR MANAGING BOOT-UP OF TARGET COMPUTERS" filed on Sep. 10, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,069,428; and Ser. No. 10/241,749 entitled "USE OF OFF-MOTHERBOARD RESOURCES IN A COMPUTER SYSTEM" filed on Sep. 10, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,058,797. All of the aforementioned applications and their disclosures are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
This invention relates in general to digital data processing and more specifically, to a system for managing start-up, or boot-up of computer systems.
When a computer system is first powered up many functions must take place to put the computer into an operational stage. These functions are commonly referred to as "boot-up," "booting," "bootstrapping," "booting up," etc.
Typically, the booting procedure is well defined for any given machine. However, procedures can vary from computer to computer especially where the computers have different resources and peripherals, are configured differently, have been made by different manufacturers, are intended to execute different software, etc.
In some computer applications, it is desirable to coordinate, interconnect and configure multiple computer systems so that more computing power, or resources are available. The prior art provides some ways to control the boot-up of a target machine, such as a personal computer (PC). For example, one common prior art method is to boot from an executable image on a floppy disk.
Typically, if a floppy disk is detected in a PC's floppy drive during boot-up, the PC loads the executable image from the floppy drive and transfers control to the executable image. By providing boot-up from a floppy, users can easily direct specific booting of their machines. This approach works well for situations where a user wants to, e.g., boot to a specific operating system, allow an application to take control of the PC at boot-up, etc. However, this approach is not desirable when automated booting of many different machines is desired since inserting a floppy disk into a PC is a manual operation. When there are dozens, hundreds, or thousands of target machines to be managed, the approach of booting from a physical floppy is prohibitive.
The present invention allows a target machine to be booted up from a disk image stored in memory. Instead of reading the boot-up information from a disk drive or other physical device the data is read from memory. No modification is necessary to native operating system, input/output subsystem, bootstrap code, etc., since the invention modifies characteristics, such as vectors used by the operating system, to make the disk image in memory appear to be the same as a standard external device.
Multiple floppy images are supported as separate floppy drives (e.g., A: and B:). User-defined arguments can also be passed from a server to a booted machine. This allows the server to have additional control over how programs on the floppy images execute. OpForce supports both an A: and a B:.
In one embodiment the invention provides a method for using a computer system to execute information stored on a physical medium, the method comprising copying information in the physical medium to an electronic file; storing the electronic file in random access memory in the computer system; changing one or more characteristics in the computer system so that a process executing in the computer system is provided with data from the stored electronic file when an access to a physical device is attempted; and using the computer system for executing at least a portion of the information in the random access memory.
In another embodiment the invention provides an apparatus for managing boot-up of a target computer, the apparatus comprising a server computer; memory within the server computer for storing an image of a boot disk; and code stored within the server computer for directing the target computer to access a part of target computer memory instead of a physical peripheral.
Server 102 detects when target machines such as 106, 108 and 110 are initially powered up. A preferred embodiment of the invention requires a human administrator to manually power up one or more target machines. Other embodiments can automate the power-up process. Server 102 then acts to control the boot up of one or more of the target machines, as desired. During boot-up, characteristics and resources that are local to a specific target machine (e.g., disk drive, random-access memory (RAM), processor type, peripherals, communication ability such as network cards, etc.) are determined or "discovered" and reported back to the server. After controlled boot-up and discovery, server 102 can also activate, allocate, or configure, resources, including resources 104, to work with a target machine. Server 102 can manage operations including loading software on the target machines, directing interconnectivity of target machines on a network, etc.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is adapted for use with dynamic computing environments (DCEs) such as the DCE described in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/663,252 entitled "USER INTERFACE FOR DYNAMIC COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT USING ALLOCABLE RESOURCES" filed on Sep. 15, 2000.
Target machines can be any type of computer system or other processing device. For example, personal computer systems, servers, workstations, mainframes, etc., can be target machines. Such machines can be based around different manufacturers' designs such as Intel, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), SUN Microsystems, etc. Different models, versions and configurations of machines are typically available from each manufacturer. For example, some machines may vary in the processor type, attached peripherals, internal memory capacity, communication ability, etc. Target machines can also be devices that are not based on a general purpose microprocessor design. For example, target devices can be based on parallel processing, distributed processing, asynchronous or other designs. Target machines can be standalone peripherals, network devices, etc. Target machines can use customized circuitry, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), discrete, dedicated or custom circuitry, etc. In general, any type of device, including digital, analog, mechanical, biotechnology, optical, etc. can be a target machine.
In the preferred embodiment, the target machines are interconnected based on a specific configuration. The interconnection mechanism can be by hardwire, fiberoptic, wireless or other type of communication link. A digital network such as, e.g., Ethernet, IEEE 1394, universal serial bus (USB), 802.11b, etc. can be used. In a preferred embodiment, the linking of communication channels between target machines, the server, external devices and networks (such as the Internet), etc., is controlled and managed by the server.
Note that server 102 can, similarly, be any type of a processing device from any manufacturer. Many types of processing devices can be used to implement server 102. Additionally, different types of software from those specifically discussed herein can be run on server 102 to achieve the same functionality described in the present invention. Multiple computers or devices can be used to achieve the functionality of the managing server, discussed herein. In the preferred embodiment, the managing server executes software manufactured by Jareva Technologies, Inc., and referred to as "OpForce." Other software that performs functionality described herein manufactured by Jareva Technologies, Inc., includes "ActiveOS" and "OpBoot."
A preferred embodiment of the invention executes on Intel x86 chips and is written in a standard Linux INITRD format. OpBoot is treated as a Network Boot Program (NBP) within the Linux environment as defined by the PXE (Pre-boot Execution Environment) standard. Steps accomplished by this preferred embodiment are listed in Table I, below.
1. Initialize and read parameters form DHCP option-135 (see, e.g., DHCP
standard RFC-2131 for description of DHCP options);
2. TFTP the two ActiveOS files into extended memory into the standard
locations defined by Linux; and
3. Jump to the start of the Linux kernel (as defined by Linux).
Another embodiment executes on a Solaris platform. The Solaris version of the ActiveOS is a miniaturized version of the Sun Solaris OS. A bootstrap program is TFTPed and the rest of the ActiveOS is NFS mounted using the standard Solaris mechanisms. It should be apparent that any type of software that achieves the functions, operations and other aspects of the invention can be suitable for use in accordance with the invention and is within the scope of the invention, as claimed.
A preferred embodiment of the invention uses popular standardized protocols to allow the managing server to prepare target machines for communication and operation upon boot-up. The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is used to automate the assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in the resource network. A Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) along with DHCP options and BOOTP vendor information extensions is also used. This allows target machines without disks and specific bootstrapping software to discover the target machine's own IP address, the address of a server host and the name of a file to be loaded into memory and executed. Descriptions of these protocols can be found on the Internet, or by reference to the following Request For Comments (RFCs): RFC9510, RFC2131 and RFC2132. Other protocols for communicating within the DHCP framework include: Boot Control Transfer Protocol (BCTP), Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), user datagram protocol (UDP) and others. It should be apparent that the specific use of these protocols is not necessarily to practice the invention. In general, any type of protocol, communication scheme, network architecture, etc. can be acceptable for use with the present invention.
A preferred embodiment of the invention uses a mechanism whereby, upon powerup, a target machine communicates to the server that the target machine is ready to boot. In the preferred embodiment, each target machine is provided with a Network Interface Card (NIC) such as one that follows the Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) standard. The PXE NIC broadcasts a "ready-to boot" message to the server upon powerup. The server then transfers an executable object to the target machine. In a contemplated embodiment, the executable object is about 8 MB and is called ActiveOS. ActiveOS is loaded and executed via instructions in OpBoot onto the target machine. ActiveOS then inspects the target machine to discover the hardware configuration, basic input/output system (BIOS) version and other aspects of the target machine. In the preferred embodiment, ActiveOS runs completely in memory so that no hard disk is needed since some target machines may not have a hard disk. ActiveOS is based on LINUX and launches a LINUX kernel to put up a TCP/IP stack.
Table II shows some of the information discovered and sent back to the server by ActiveOS.
Hard disks
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Motherboard chip set
System management (BIOS) information
Serial number
Model name
BIOS date/version
Computer manufacturer
BIOS vendor
Computer CPU family
Blade Chassis Location (if it is a blade)
Blade chassis serial number (if it is a blade)
Blade chassis IP address (if it is a blade)
Blade chassis model (if it is a blade)
Rack serial number
Network cards
Table III shows an example of a format used to report information back to the server in a preferred embodiment. Note that other embodiments can use any suitable format. The protocol used in Table III is BCTP.
StatusComplete 1
memsize = 128; archi = 686; chipset = 8086.7124; cpus = 1; cpumhz =
598; net = {count = 2; 0 = {name = eth0; type = Ethernet; hwaddr =
00:D0:B7:7E:94:BA}; 1 = {name = eth1; type = Ethernet; hwaddr =
00:90:27:F9:5B:B5}}; hd = {count = 1; 0 = {name = /dev/hda; size =
13}}; smbios = {BSmanufacturer = {Intel\sCorp.}; BSversion =
{CA81020A.86A.0005.P02.9911300426}; BSreleaseDate =
{11/30/1999}; MBcpuCount = 1; MBavgCpuMhz = 600; MBcpuFamily =
17; MBmem = 128}
In the preferred embodiment, the information in Table II, and additional information, as desired, is acquired from the target machine when ActiveOS receives a request from the server to generate hardware information. The results of discovering hardware information are sent back to server 102 in the form of scoped attribute value pairs in BCTP protocol. Again, other formats can be employed.
After discovery, the server provides a provisioning agent to the target machine. The provisioning agent is used to install desired software on the target machine. Since different hardware configurations require different types, or versions, of software, the provisioning agent is not loaded until after the hardware configuration of the target machine has been discovered. In a preferred embodiment, the provisioning agent is part of the ActiveOS.
A management system on the server receives a request either automatically, or from a user, that provides a definition of how to configure the target machines and other resources. The server communicates to the provisioning agent which software to install. The provisioning agent can also obtain the software to be installed from the server or from a different source.
By default, the provisioning agent obtains the software from a storage server, such as an NFS server, a CIFS server, the OpForce server, etc. In general, the software can be obtained from any server connected to the network using a variety of protocols including custom software. OpForce supports a form of software called "ActiveOS software". The user can write a custom program that runs on the ActiveOS. This program is free to implement a protocol and gather information from any server reachable on the network. In fact, the user can use this to extend the hardware detection that we already do.
The user first writes a standard Linux based application. This application is the uploaded into the OpForce system and placed on a storage server. When requested by the user, OpForce tells the ActiveOS to execute the software stored on the storage server. The BCTP messages looks similar to those shown in Table IV.
SetAppDir nfs nfsserver:/directory
Modify myExecutable 1 argument1
When receiving this message, the ActiveOS accesses the NFS server, obtains the executable, and executes it.
Table V, below, shows basic steps in a procedure for controlled booting of a target machine where the target machine uses an Intel x86 architecture. Table V also shows, in curly brackets, the alternative protocol to be used when the machine is a SOLARIS type of machine as manufactured by SUN Microsystems, Inc., rather than an Intel machine. In a similar manner, other types of machines can be accommodated.
Use DHCP {Solaris = RARP} broadcast to find MAC
OpForce (or other server software) allocates IP and send DHCP
{Solaris = RARP} response
Target downloads OpBoot through TFTP {Solaris = not used}
OpBoot downloads ActiveOS through TFTP {Solaris = NFS}
Different versions of ActiveOS are downloaded depending on the detected platform (e.g., SOLARIS OR INTEL). A preferred embodiment automatically determines the correct ActiveOS to use without any user input. DHCP option 60 (see the PXE standard), includes a string containing the architecture that is used to automatically select the correct ActiveOS. The target machine is then booted into the ActiveOS as previously described. ActiveOS is then used to discover the hardware in the machine. These are all done automatically without any user input and without any OS on the machine's hard disk. Other embodiments can use different degrees of manual and automatic operations.
Upon power-up, target machine 204 sends a notification to managing server 202. In the preferred embodiment, the notification is made using a PXE card installed in the target machine. In other embodiments, different notification mechanisms can be used. PXE uses the DHCP protocol to generate a request, or notification. OpForce, executing in the managing server, receives the request, allocates an IP address and sends a response. Next, the target machine requests a download of software from the managing server. This results in the managing server transferring OpBoot. The target machine then executes OpBoot which requests a download of ActiveOS. ActiveOS is provided by the managing server and is installed and run on the target machine.
Automated Boot from Disk Image
After ActiveOS is loaded, one option provided by the system of the present invention is to allow the target machine to boot from a disk image. This option is very useful for systems, such as personal computers, that are designed to boot from a floppy disk. Preferably, the disk image is in random-access memory (RAM), but any type of storage, other than storage device that typically reads the disk image, is possible. The disk image can be distributed automatically from the managing server to one or more target machines. The procedure described herein is designed for PC platforms but other types of platforms can be handled in a similar manner.
Table VI shows steps in a procedure to boot a target machine from a disk image without requiring the placement, or existence, of a disk containing the image into a drive in the target machine.
1. Load Managing Software onto target machine.
2. Setup DHCP to boot 1.44 MB image
3. Use BCTP to reboot target
4. Target sends DHCP request (step 1 of FIG. A)
5. OpForce server sends DHCP response
6. Target downloads OpBoot
7. OpBoot "boots" floppy image
8. Run user utility
9. Use OpBoot network stack to return result
10. OpForce server sets DHCP to load back to ActiveOS
11. Reboot target
After step 1 of Table VI, it is assumed that Managing Software has been loaded into the target machine. Such software can be loaded, for example, as described above with respect to the ActiveOS software. In a preferred embodiment, the ActiveOS software, OpBoot and OpForce software performs the remaining steps of Table VI. Note that the operations, or steps, of Table VI can be performed by one or more types of different software and can be performed at one or more points in a system, such as the system of
At step 2, DHCP is set to boot a standard 1.44 MB floppy image. The DHCP boot file is set to boot OpBoot (offset 0x6c in the DHCP packet). The DHCP specification defines a number of DHCP options. Options are identified by numeric numbers. DHCP option 135 passes an argument to OpBoot. This argument contains the name of the 1.44 MB image to download (via TFTP). An example of the argument format is: dhcp option-135 "dos=floppyimage.bin;additional arguments". The string "additional arguments" is returned on a call to vector 0xA1 (see step 8).
At step 3, BCTP is used to reboot the target machine.
Steps 4, 5 and 6, are similar to steps 1, 2 and 3, respectively of Table V. At step 4, the target machine uses DHCP to broadcast a request to the server to obtain an IP address. At step 5, the server sends a response. The target machine downloads boot software, such as OpBoot.
At step 7, the boot software obtains and boots to a floppy image. The floppy image can be the exact image that would reside on a floppy disk used to boot a PC from a disk drive. The floppy image is obtained from the server, or from some other source over, e.g., a network connection. It is not necessary for the target machine to obtain the floppy image from the floppy drive or from some other media-reading device connected to the target machine.
At step 8, the floppy image is executed to execute operations in accordance with the floppy image. These operations can be "user" directed such as installing and executing specific versions of operating systems, applications, drivers, utilities, etc. In general, any type of operation that can be performed by a floppy image in the traditional boot-up procedure (i.e., where the disk image is read from a floppy drive) can be performed using the system of the present invention.
The approach of the present invention may provide additional advantages not possible with the prior art approaches. For example, it may be possible to have a boot image that is greater than the 1.44 MB capacity of the physical floppy medium. Also, the booting process is not slowed by reading of a floppy disk or other physical media. This may allow advantages such as monitoring or diagnostics during the boot-up phase.
The arguments passed from the DHCP option-135 can be retrieved using the BIOS vector 0xA1. The OpBoot API provides functions that the user can call to access PXE services from within a standard MS-DOS program. It is accessed via INT A1h and is only accessible when booting MS-DOS boot images. Table VII, below, shows some of these functions. Not all of the functions use PXE parameters.
Get version
In: AX = 0000h
Out: AL = version
AH = error code
CF set on error
Get boot parameters
In: AX = 0001h
Out: ES:DI = points to null terminated character string
AH = error code
CF set on error
Get boot server IP
In: AX = 0002h
Out: EBX = boot server IP address
AH = error code
CF set on error
Get gateway IP
In: AX = 0003h
Out: EBX = gateway IP address
AH = error code
CF set on error
Get subnet mask
In: AX = 0004h
Out: EBX = subnet mask
AH = error code
CF set on error
Get IP address
In: AX = 0005h
Out: EBX = IP address
AH = error code
CF set on error
Open network
In: AX = 0100h
Out: AH = error code
CF set on error
Close network
In: AX = 0101h
Out: AH = error code
CF set on error
Read network
In: AX = 0102h
CX = size of buffer
DX = destination port,
ES:SI = buffer to read into
Out: AH = error code
CF set on error
CX = number of bytes actually read
Write network
In: AX = 0103h
EBX = HP address of destination
CX = number of bytes to write
EDX>>16 = destination port, DX = source port,
ES:SI = buffer to write
Out: AH = error code
CF set on error
At step 9, the OpBoot network stack is used to return results to the server. This step is explained in more detail in co-pending the patent application referenced above, entitled "USE OF OFF-MOTHERBOARD RESOURCES IN A COMPUTER SYSTEM." This step is useful where, for example, the purpose of loading and executing the disk image is to run tests or gather other data from the system. In general, any type of information can be communicated.
At step 10, the target machine is set to load back to ActiveOS.
At step 11, the target machine is rebooted back to the Managing Software where the steps above can be repeated for another disk image, or for different purposes, as desired. Note that it is not necessary to perform all of the steps listed in Table VI to achieve advantages of the present invention. Also, additional steps may be included without detracting from the invention. The steps listed in Table VI are merely illustrative of a preferred embodiment.
Next, details of step 7 of Table VI are discussed in connection with
OpBoot communicates with the server via TFTP to load a disk image. The disk image is loaded to an unused portion of memory such as at 302. In the preferred embodiment, the disk image is an exact image as would be present on a bootable floppy disk. However, other embodiments can use images that vary from such an image.
OpBoot changes vectors used by the native BIOS (e.g., the MSDOS BIOS manufactured by Microsoft, Inc.) as shown in Table VIII.
Points to
Simulated Floppy Controller
maps A: to disk image or B: to another disk image
Changed to reserved memory for disk image or multiple disk
In Table VIII, the BIOS vector 0x11 (also called "interrupt 11h" or "INT 11h") is the hardware list interrupt. It returns what hardware is present in the system. The preferred embodiment intercepts the information returned and changes the information about the floppy drives in the system so that disk images are recognized as "physical" floppy drives.
Next, OpBoot is moved to a different memory location so it will not interfere with the booting according to the disk image. Initially, OpBoot is placed in memory starting at location (hexadecimal) 7C00 by PXE. In a preferred embodiment, OpBoot is moved to below the 640K mark at a later time, as shown at 304 of
OpBoot emulates BIOS operation by loading the first 512 bytes of floppy data (in this case the floppy image data) into memory at 7C00. The first 512-bytes of the floppy then completes the "boot" of the floppy image. At this point, usually an OS, such as MS-DOS takes over. MS-DOS and MS-DOS programs use vector 0x13 to access the floppy drive. Usually 0x13 calls are redirected into the BIOS. In this case, they get redirected to OpBoot.
The floppy drive is typically accessed as "A:" pointed to by vector 0x13. Since vector 0x13 has been modified to point to the disk image stored at 302, the BIOS, instead, obtains data from locations at 302. At this point programs running on top of the floppy OS (such as MS-DOS) can use the vector 0xA1 (INT A1h) to obtain the arguments passed to it from the DHCP option-135.
As can be seen, the procedure described, above, essentially "tricks" the BIOS (or other operating system, kernel, boot-up routine, etc.) to use data from memory instead of attempting to read boot-up data from a floppy (or other device or location). In the preferred embodiment, a dynamic computing environment (DCE) is provided where many computers can be connected together, on demand, and automatically configured with software or made to perform desired tasks.
The ability to download bootable disk images to many target machines at boot-up (after power-up), allows a manager of the DCE to use customers' existing boot-up diskettes to create disk images that can be distributed instantly, as desired. This is a huge benefit to the DCE manager and to customers, alike. The customers do not have to redefine, reformat or reprogram boot-up parameters and the DCE manager does not have to attempt to understand, analyze or explain how boot-up disk images must be changed or converted. Moreover, since the physical medium (i.e., the diskette) has been eliminated, the boot-up information can be easily stored, tracked and transferred.
Table IX, below, shows basic steps in the OpBoot operation.
Pseudo code for opboot:
1. Parse DHCP option 135 for arguments and floppy image name(s).
2. Download each floppy image into extended memory (see INT 15h).
3. Relocate OpBoot from 7C00 to just below the 640K mark.
4. Point the interrupt vectors 0x11, 0x13, 0x15, 0xA1 into OpBoot's code.
5. Load first sector of floppy into memory 7C00 and jump to it to
complete boot process.
6. If a program (such as an MS-DOS program) calls vector 0x13, check
if the program requested a floppy drive. If so, read and write the data from
the downloaded image in extended memory instead of the physical floppy
(if present).
7. If a program (such as an MS-DOS program) calls vector 0x11, fixup the
floppy drive count to include the "fake" floppies in memory.
8. If a program (such as an MS-DOS program) calls vector 0x15, report
the extended memory not including the memory reserved for the floppy
9. If a program (such as an MS-DOS program) calls vector 0xA1, return
the requested information. If the request was for the parameters passed in
DHCP option-135, use a saved copy of the parameters.
Although the system of the present invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, these embodiments are illustrative, and not restrictive, of the invention. For example, although the invention has been discussed primarily with respect to floppy disk images, it is possible to emulate booting of CD-ROM, tape or other media in similar manner to that described herein. Multiple disk images can be used. For example, B:, C:, D:, and other drives or devices can be redirected so that the BIOS obtains information from such devices from memory locations. Further, this approach eliminates the need for having extra peripherals, such as floppy drives, connected to every machine.
Thus, the scope of the invention is to be determined solely by the appended claims.
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 1, 2007
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text:
There is nothing quite as satisfying as making bread. Especially if it's the nourishing traditional bread of European Jewish peoples known as "challah," eaten on Shabbat and Jewish holidays (except Passover, when leavened bread is not allowed). Challah is a rich, eggy, and deliciously tender yeast-leavened bread that's surprisingly easy to make, and quite fun to shape, as it is typically braided, which makes for a beautiful presentation.
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