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Analysis of the Global Enterprise Voice and Unified Messaging Market
By: PR Newswire
Feb. 12, 2013 11:28 AM
NEW YORK, Feb. 12, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:
Analysis of the Global Enterprise Voice and Unified Messaging Market
The enterprise voice and unified messaging market is growing in terms of the number of user licenses shipped, but competition and vendor license bundles are impacting revenue growth. Voicemail usage is declining as users increasingly use instant messaging, e-mail, social media, and other tools to communicate. However, unified messaging is becoming a key element of broader UC deployments. Vendors and channel partners can use this analysis to identify growth opportunities and develop sustainable business strategies. The study discusses market drivers, restraints, and trends. It also provides market share analysis and competitor assessment. Finally, the study provides a market forecast in terms of users and revenue.
Executive Summary
•Voice messaging (VM) remains a must-have application within a unified communications (UC) application stack. While the luster has faded compared to other communications methods, very few business are willing to abandon it.
•The total enterprise voice and unified messaging (UM) market saw some gains in the number of seat licenses shipped in 2011. Market revenues declined, due largely to some license bundling and softness in the average selling price among vendors.
•Vendors maintain particular focus on the interoperability and integration capabilities of their unified messaging solutions. By integrating and centralizing voice messaging for disparate telephony systems, vendors can offer the advanced functionality to businesses looking to maintain their investment in legacy communications platforms.
•Server virtualization is extending the functionality and deployment opportunities for unified messaging, enabling cost-effective, geo-redundant, and hosted or cloud-based UM solutions.
•Unified messaging continues to overtake traditional voicemail, with many vendors simply offering UM-enabled licenses within the majority of their platforms.
TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary 4
Market Overview 9
Total Market -
•External Challenges: Drivers and Restraints 17
•Forecasts and Trends 23
•Market Share and Competitive Analysis 36
The Last Word (Conclusions and Implications) 42
Appendix 45
To order this report:Telecommunication_Services Industry: Analysis of the Global Enterprise Voice and Unified Messaging Market
Contact Clare: firstname.lastname@example.com
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By JACK McCAFFERY
PHILADELPHIA -- When the disappointments collide with the mysteries and when the results morph into the explanations for the lost Eagles season of 2012, the disappearance of Dion Lewis will be somewhere in the mix. The next six games, beginning Monday against visiting Carolina, will figure heavily in that context.
Lewis is the second-year running back who was used regularly if not extensively as a rookie, but who has not yet touched the football in a 2012 regular-season game. But with LeSean McCoy concussed and almost certain to miss time, the depth chart has been shuffled and Lewis is suddenly expected to resurface as a factor.
�I didn�t want to see him hurt,� said Lewis of McCoy, a fellow Pitt product. �But when an opportunity presents itself, you go out and play. And I am excited about that.�
The Eagles were off Thursday, as Andy Reid nicely used the long workweek with the Monday night obligation to provide his players with a rare Thanksgiving off. But between workouts Wednesday at the NovaCare Complex, he essentially appointed Bryce Brown as his starting running back � and acknowledged that the long-lost Lewis was in his plans.
�I�m sure they�ll both be in there,� Reid said. �He (Brown) would be the starter, though.�
Lewis has been active in only three games this season. He has had no caries, receptions or kick returns. That means Monday, the 2011 fifth-round draft choice should get his first regular-season touches since the final game of 2012.
�It was rough,� he said of his game-day inactivity. �But at the same time I kept my head in the right place and kept preparing myself every week as if I was going to play. So my opportunity is going to some, and I�ll be ready.�
Lewis had 23 carries for 102 yards as a rookie, a useful 4.4 average. He scored one touchdown. He also returned 31 kickoffs for 669 yards, a 21.6 average.
Last offseason, he was arrested for allegedly for pulling a fire alarm in order to gain access to a hotel in Albany, N.Y., that was said to have had its doors locked. Videotapes would reveal that the charges, which were dropped, were in error. There is no indication that the episode cost Lewis any professional status. Rather, the Eagles were more impressed by the bigger Brown, their seventh-round 2012 draft choice and by rookie free agent Chris Polk.
Thus, Lewis� playing time faded. But with Polk recovering from toe injury, Lewis was activated for the past two games. The McCoy concussion has further loosened the work schedule.
�I think I was given my chances,� the 5-9, 195-pound Lewis said. �Obviously, things really didn�t work out the way I wanted. So at the same time, you can�t get down on that. You just have to keep moving forward.�
With Reid and offensive coordinator Marty Mornhinweg having shown a season-long willingness to give the backup running back opportunities, Lewis could be a key to the Birds� offense Monday. If so, he says he is ready.
�It is a great opportunity,� he said. �In the NFL, you are always one play from being able to play --- or from not being able to play. That�s why I do what I do all year long, keeping my focus, working hard. You never know when your chance will come. If it comes this week, I will be happy and ready to go.�
Lewis was used little in the preseason, making just 12 carries. During regular-season practices, he has been used mostly as a scout-team runner.
�I�ve tried to do the little things to be a better player every day,� he said. �I try to give the defense good looks in practice. And I do what I can to be in shape and to keep my mind right. I can run a little bit and I think I am pretty quick. So I will use that to the best of my ability this week, or whenever I get a chance.�
On a six-game losing streak, the Eagles could use the help.
�This has been a tough year,� Lewis said. �But everybody has a lot of faith in Coach Reid. So we are going to keep fighting. Everybody is just trying to stay as positive a possible now just to help us win games.�


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FOXBORO (AP) -- From the onset of training camp, the New England Patriots offensive line has been a work in progress, a mix of experience and youth that led to a handful of questions.
There's still uncertainty surrounding who's playing which position each week, of course, but there's little doubt remaining about the level of protection provided to the quarterback.
After surrendering 12 sacks through the first five games, the Patriots' patchwork front five has allowed opposing defenses to sack Tom Brady just three times in the last six games, and only once in the past three.
"You try and do that as best as you can," guard Donald Thomas said. "So, it's always a bonus when you can try to keep him as clean as possible. Nothing's ever going to be perfect. You try to do your job and that's what our job is."
They've done it well. The Patriots (8-3), after all, are in first place in the AFC East and have won five in a row heading into their meeting with Dolphins (5-6) in Miami on Sunday.
But it wasn't always easy for this line, especially when you look back at the summer.
The first blow came when Brady's decade-long security blanket -- three-time Pro Bowl left tackle Matt Light -- retired. The second arrived when six-time Pro Bowl guard Brian Waters failed to show up for training camp. Left guard Logan Mankins was coming off surgery to repair a torn anterior cruciate ligament in his right knee. Longtime center Dan Koppen was released.
"Training camp was a little mixture of guys," Thomas said.
Then the season started.
Right guard Dan Connolly missed the game against Indianapolis two weeks ago. Mankins has been sidelined for four games so far, including the last three with hip and calf ailments. And guard Sebastian Vollmer also was inactive against the New York Jets last Thursday.
But the New England way is to make it work ... somehow. Move people around. Change things up. Do whatever's needed.
So, the Patriots did.
Thomas, in his fifth season, and second-year linemen Nick McDonald and Marcus Cannon all have stepped in at various times -- and various places -- to valiantly plug the voids. And so far, so good.
"You never know what's gonna happen during the course of a season," Thomas said. "Fortunately, guys that were asked to step up were guys that were playing a lot during preseason and able to play with all the guys and we were all comfortable with each other."
And of course, no one wants to let anyone else down.
"I think we take pride in it. I also think it's something that's necessary," said center Ryan Wendell, who has started every game this season. "There's only so many guys that can dress for every game and be out there. So, guys have to be able to play more than one position and also guys have to be ready to fill in there because it's football and guys are going to be hurt."
The line has a tough test Sunday. The Dolphins are tied for ninth in the league with 29 sacks, 91/2 recorded by linebacker Cameron Wake.
"Regardless of anything else that people say, I think they're pretty good," Thomas said. "Probably one of the best fronts we'll face this year."
Vollmer and Connolly returned to practice Thursday after missing Wednesday's session, but Mankins sat out practice all week and was ruled out Friday for the game.
"It's what we prepare for," McDonald said.


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Gauging Liverpool's progress under Brendan Rodgers is an inexact science but there was substance to their haul against Norwich City.
It took until the final home game of last season, against a Chelsea team seemingly immersed in FA Cup celebrations, for Liverpool to record six league wins at Anfield. They reached the half-dozen on Saturday with an authority that reinforced their erratic nature under Kenny Dalglish's successor.
There are, however, signs that Rodgers is getting it right and their captain, Steven Gerrard, thinks so. "He's certainly got the backing of the owners," he told Goals on Sunday on Sky Sports. "I think the appointment, giving him the job after Kenny, was a sign that he's going to be here for a while. I think he'll be given time to put his philosophy out there.
"It's not going to happen overnight, it is going to take time and we've been a little bit inconsistent this season. But I think the majority of the games we've shown to the supporters and to the neutrals out there that we're playing the right way. Given time, and a little bit more backing – maybe a few more players – I think it will work really well under him. I'm really happy with his appointment and how it's going so far."
Aston Villa apart, Liverpool have often contemptuously dismissed teams in the bottom half of the Premier League this term and once Jordan Henderson awoke a frozen Anfield with an opening goal as impressive as his overall performance Norwich were to be no exception. Victory over a team in the top 10 remains elusive for Liverpool but before trips to Arsenal and Manchester City the morale-sapping defeat at Manchester United was erased in emphatic style.
Henderson began the rout with an unstoppable finish past Mark Bunn. Norwich's tormentor-in-chief, Luis Suárez, scored his seventh goal in three games against them following an exquisite dummy from his new partner Daniel Sturridge, who then, with a tap-in from Stewart Downing's cross, became the first Liverpool player since Ray Kennedy in 1974 to score in his first three appearances for the club.
Gerrard marked a commanding performance from central midfield – "he used every club in his bag today," remarked Rodgers – with a trademark finish from almost 30 yards before Ryan Bennett diverted the fifth and final Liverpool goal into his own net from Raheem Sterling's shot.
It was the combination of Suárez and Sturridge that offered Liverpool hope. Their understanding vindicated Rodgers' belief that Suárez's influence would not wane as a result of Sturridge occupying the central striking role. "He's a fighter," said Gerrard of Suárez. "He doesn't give up, every ball, no matter what the scoreline, he doesn't give up and that's what you want in your team."
The big worry for Liverpool now, as the captain admitted, is whether the Uruguayan is minded to stay, just as the team settles into a system. "I know he's recently signed a long-term contract and I know he's comfortable and he's happy here," said Gerrard. "But I think that's a question for Luis to answer. Only he knows what his ambitions and dreams are.
"I think he's gone on record recently and said that he's really happy and comfortable here, and hopefully we can put a fight on from now until the end of the season to finish fourth, and we make the decision for him. But Luis Suárez deserves to be in the Champions League and I think everyone has to admit that."
While Rodgers and Liverpool savoured the impact of a new £12m signing and Sturridge's promising partnership, the Norwich performance was a cause of understandable concern for the Norwich manager, Chris Hughton. His team have now gone six league games without a win and, with a limited attacking threat at Anfield, they lacked the quality to react to falling one goal behind. The motivation behind their attempts to sign Gary Hooper from Celtic or Danny Graham from Swansea City was evident.
"It's something that we want to do but I don't think people understand how difficult it is," the Norwich manager said. "I see QPR spending big money and bringing in Rémy and that's where they are. That's what they're able to do. There are a group of clubs that are able to do that. We have to do things our way."
Hughton added: "It's about trying to bring the right player in. A player that's going to benefit what we are about and that's going to add to our squad. And we'll keep going right the way through but it's never that easy."
Man of the match Luis Suárez (Liverpool)
This article was written by Andy Hunter at Anfield, for The Guardian on Sunday 20th January 2013 23.01 Europe/London
guardian.co.uk © Guardian News and Media Limited 2010
image: © Bernard C


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[ v59 p749 ]
59 FLRA No. 135
UNITED STATES CUSTOMS SERVICE [n1]
March 12, 2004
Before the Authority: Dale Cabaniss, Chairman, and
Carol Waller Pope and Tony Armendariz, Members [n2]
I. Statement of the Case
This case is before the Authority on a negotiability appeal filed by the Union under § 7105(a)(2)(E) of the Federal Service Labor-Management Relations Statute (the Statute), and concerns the negotiability of a single proposal pertaining to storage of Agency-authorized firearms while employees are off-duty.
For the reasons set forth below, we find that the proposal is outside the duty to bargain and dismiss the petition for review.
II. Proposal
Customs will ensure that either a lockbox or other secure and locked container such as a safe, file cabinet, or desk is available at all government offices where armed employees work or are assigned. Routine overnight storage of a firearm in a government office is permitted.
III. Background
At the time this petition was filed, the United States Customs Service (Customs or the Agency) was a component of the United States Department of the Treasury. As such, it was subject to various Treasury Department internal regulations, including Treasury's policies regarding the use and storage of firearms in connection with assigned work performed by Customs employees who carry firearms as a condition of their employment. It is not disputed that the National Treasury Employees Union (NTEU or the Union) bargaining unit employees here were subject to both Treasury Department and Customs Service policies regarding firearms use and storage. Although the parties' various submissions in these proceedings set forth seemingly conflicting positions as to what the history of firearms storage is or has been, certain facts are not in dispute.
These employees have been carrying firearms as part of their duties for many years. Customs has employees carrying firearms at approximately 300 locations and in a limited number of locations, it permits employees to store authorized firearms at the work site during off-duty hours when the security risk in doing so is found acceptable by the Agency. Agency Reply (Reply) at 2. In that regard, the Union notes "the fact remains that, aside from allowing overnight storage in the 1980s and 1990s when secure facilities were available, many Customs locations currently allow for such overnight storage." Union Response to Agency Statement of Position (Response) at 4. Approximately ten locations were identified by the Union as currently permitting the storage of authorized firearms at work during off-duty time. Id. Thus, in the great majority of locations, employees carry their firearm between work and home and either store it at home under secure conditions with an agency provided safety lock or carry it under a 24-hour carry policy.
An employee's storage or carriage of his or her authorized firearm outside of duty hours has been the subject of agency regulation for some time, with the parties providing examples of such regulation dating back to 1986. A Customs Service Directive dated February 10, 1986, entitled "Firearms Policy," is Union Exhibit 2 to the Response. Page 5 of that document reflected guidance for both employees who stored their authorized firearm at the work site and those who carried their authorized firearm home for secure storage.
In 1991 the parties negotiated a memorandum of understanding regarding the implementation of a Customs Service directive on firearms policy. Union Exhibit 3 to the Response. Page 3 of that Exhibit noted [ v59 p750 ] that employees may "carry their firearms home or leave them at the work site in a secure locker." In 1996, the Agency issued a "Firearms and Use of Force Handbook." Attachment 1 to Agency Statement of Position (SOP). This document does not provide for storage of firearms at the work site but does discuss storage of firearms at other locations (pages 6-7). The document states that "Employees are expected to exercise good judgement in providing adequate security to all Service-issued and Service-authorized, personally-owned firearms". Id. It was also in approximately 1996 that the Agency began providing safety lock devices for every authorized firearm, including those retained by the employee when off-duty. Reply at 2.
Attachment 3 to the SOP is the Agency's March 2000 memorandum regarding "24-Hour Carry of Firearms by Office of Field Operations Personnel." The 24-hour carry policy applies to those who are qualified to use service-issued firearms and is voluntary. Of note is the following paragraph from the first page of this document.
This authority presents a tremendous responsibility and has potential for significant liabilities to the individual officer, as well as the Customs Service. Any officer who elects to carry a service-issued firearm off-duty must realize that his or her behavior must be significantly modified while armed. There are major restrictions in behavior and limitations on mobility, as the weapon must remain under the officer's control at all times.
The document goes on to discuss these restrictions and limitations. The document notes that the firearms may be used in only two situations (self-defense and aiding another law enforcement officer) and discusses the limitations on the use of deadly force and that using a firearm is not required for every violent situation confronted. Officers are not permitted to consume alcoholic beverages while carrying a firearm under the 24-hour carry policy and may not leave a firearm unattended or unsecured, or give the firearm to another individual to hold for the officer. Officers are also not permitted to use their firearms for the sole purpose of disabling a moving vehicle or vessel, and may not fire warning shots. Officers not in uniform must also keep their firearm concealed when carrying the firearm under the 24-hour carry policy. No other restrictions on behavior or limitations on movement are set out in the document. As a result, employees under the 24-hour carry policy are not required to travel directly between home and work while carrying their authorized firearm.
Under current Treasury Department and Customs Service policy there is no provision concerning storage of authorized firearms at Government offices while employees are off-duty. However, a new Treasury Department Memorandum giving rise to this proposal provides that employees "authorized to carry firearms in the performance of their official duties are personally responsible for the security of all firearms to prevent unauthorized use, unintentional discharge, and theft." Department of Treasury Memorandum dated December 28, 2000, entitled "Implementation of Treasury Firearms Safety and Security Policy," at 1-2, Attachment to Union's Petition for Review (Treasury Policy). The Treasury Policy also contains requirements governing security and storage of firearms when employees are in Government offices, in their personal residences, using a vehicle, and when the firearms are not under their immediate control. [n3]
IV. Positions of the Parties
A. Agency
The Agency contends that the proposal concerns a matter affecting management's right to determine its internal security practices under § 7106(a)(1) of the Statute. SOP at 3. Specifically, the Agency notes that employees covered by the proposal are authorized to carry firearms in order to complete the Agency's mission of enforcing the customs laws of the United States. The Agency states that the new firearms policy contains no provision for storage of an employee's authorized firearm during off-duty hours because it has determined that the Agency operates more efficiently, effectively and with greater security when the individual employee authorized to carry a firearm is personally responsible for the firearm's security during off-duty hours. The Agency contends that in situations where no individual is personally responsible for the firearm, the risk of theft or misuse is increased. The Agency maintains that its paramount concern in establishing a policy of personal responsibility is "employee safety, property protection, [and] public safety . . . ." Id. at 5.
The Agency contends that because the proposal directly interferes with management's right to determine its internal security practices, the proposal does not constitute a procedure within the meaning of § 7106(b)(2) of the Statute. In that regard, the Agency argues, inter alia, [ v59 p751 ] that the proposal would prevent employees from being able to report to work outside normal duty hours and at locations other than their normal duty station because the employees would have to first retrieve their firearm from another location, and that this would also restrict the Agency's ability to assign overtime work. Id. at 6.
The Agency also argues that the proposal does not constitute an appropriate arrangement under § 7106(b)(3)of the Statute because it would prevent it from acting at all with regard to determining this aspect of its internal security practices. The Agency acknowledges that the proposal would act as an arrangement to mitigate the adverse effects from the exercise of its rights that the Union believes will result from this action. However, because of other preventive measures already in place and the impact of personal choice that employees can exercise regarding the carriage of firearms, the Agency disputes that the Union has shown that these adverse effects will result from the Agency's decision to have employees be responsible for the security of their authorized firearms during non-duty hours. Id. In that regard, the Agency points out that it has provided employees with safety gun lock devices for all authorized firearms since approximately 1996. Reply at 2. The Agency asserts the policy of in-home storage is longstanding yet the Union's concerns over bringing firearms into employee homes is "completely unsupported" with the Union attempting to rely on generalized statements rather than any demonstrated adverse effect. SOP at 7. As for the alleged impact from limitations on movement and activities from having to carry firearms, the Agency contends that these adverse effects derive from employee choices that preclude them from the benefits available under the Agency's 24-hour carry policy. The Agency asserts that the 24-hour carry policy would provide employees with the ability to engage in the types of activities and movement that the Union points to as elements of the adverse effects upon employees. Id. at 1. The Agency further notes that only approximately 500 of the 8000 employees authorized to carry a firearm elect to carry an Agency authorized personally-owned firearm. Id.
The Agency also cites the increased risk the proposal would impose upon its internal security because storing firearms at the work site during off-duty hours increases the risk of theft, thereby threatening the security of Agency property and personnel. In particular, the Agency states that it operates over 300 facilities at different locations and that those facilities differ in the level of staffing and Agency control. The Agency points out that many of the facilities are not secure enough to protect firearms stored there during off-duty hours because they are not staffed during those hours. The Agency also states that some of its facilities are controlled by other Government agencies and shared with private sector businesses. The Agency asserts that even when it has control of a facility, the facility may not have sufficient physical security to provide adequate and safe storage of firearms. The Agency also points out that the high risk of theft presented by the storage of confiscated narcotics at some facilities would be increased if a cache of firearms was co-located at the facility. Further, although contending that this proposal is non-negotiable, the Agency acknowledges that it currently allows routine overnight storage of firearms in locations where appropriate security is available and does not intend to change that practice. Reply at 2.
Finally, the Agency contends that even if the provision of lock boxes for storage of firearms concerns a matter pertaining to the methods, means, and technology of performing work within the meaning of § 7106(b)(1) of the Statute, it elects not to bargain over that matter.
B. Union
The Union claims that the proposal does not affect management's right to determine its internal security practices. The Union notes, in this regard, that the Treasury Policy requires Agency facilities, where appropriate, to provide secure storage for Agency-authorized firearms during duty hours, but that the Agency also contends that such storage is inadequate for securing those firearms when employees are not on duty. The Union asserts that the proposal does not prevent the Agency from deciding the type of secure storage that will be used. In addition, the Union maintains that the Agency provides no evidence that Agency facilities which have in the past allowed, or currently allow, overnight storage of firearms have had problems with the security of those firearms. The Union contends that the Agency has not provided "evidence or rationale to support its speculative conclusion" that the proposal concerns the Agency's security policies. Response at 5. Rather, the Union claims the Agency's position amounts to an abdication by the Agency of its internal security responsibilities and a transfer of those responsibilities to its employees.
In addition, according to the Union, the proposal is a negotiable procedure to address how the Agency will exercise its management right to determine internal security practices by requiring the Agency to provide secure containers for employees to store their firearms when they are off-duty. Response at 8. [ v59 p752 ]
The Union also asserts that its proposal is an appropriate arrangement under § 7106(b)(3). The Union argues that employees are adversely affected by the Agency's decision requiring them to use firearms in the performance of their duties and, particularly, its decision to hold them responsible for the storage of those firearms during off-duty periods. Specifically, as adverse effects, the Union cites: (1) the risks to employees' families resulting from the requirement that employees store their firearms in their homes while off-duty; (2) the potential civil and/or criminal liability, and disciplinary action, that could result if the firearms are stolen from, or are misused by family members in their homes; (3) the loss of freedom of movement because of the requirement that firearms be transported directly between home and work; (4) an increase in travel costs resulting from the need to deposit the firearm at home before accomplishing non-work activities and responsibilities; (5) the fear of possible assault for the purpose of taking the firearm when they carry it in plain view on public transportation; and (6) the limitations upon and modifications to behavior and mobility that are required under the 24-Hour Carry Policy. According to the Union, the proposal would provide employees a significant benefit by eliminating, or reducing the impact of these adverse effects.
The Union disputes the Agency's claim that the proposal would not result in a significant benefit to employees in terms of their freedom of movement. Specifically, the Union disagrees with the Agency's assessment of the significance of the 24-hour carry policy, arguing that 24-hour carry authorization is voluntary and that many employees choose not to invoke that authority because of the burdens imposed by the Agency on those who do so. As the Union notes, the 24-hour carry policy states that: (1) "th[e] authority presents a tremendous responsibility and has potential for significant liabilities [for] the individual officer[;]" (2) employees' "behavior must be significantly modified while armed[;]" and (3) there are "major restrictions in behavior and limitations on mobility[.]" Union Response at 2 (quoting the 24-hour carry policy). See Appendix. The Union asserts that the proposal provides a more significant benefit to employees in terms of freedom of movement and level of employee responsibility than the Agency has demonstrated under the 24-hour carry policy.
As to the impact of the proposal on the Agency's internal security interests, the Union does not dispute the Agency's claim as to different levels of staffing or Agency control at its various facilities. Rather, the Union claims that the Agency's assertion of increased risk at those facilities as a result of the proposal is speculative and unsupported. In this regard, the Union states that the Treasury Policy requires storage at all Agency facilities during duty hours and that the proposal does not affect the Agency's ability to determine the level of security afforded by the storage it provides. The Union notes that the Agency previously allowed storage of firearms at its work sites during off-duty hours and continues to do so at several locations. The Union also asserts that the Agency has provided no evidence that storage of firearms at those facilities resulted in security problems.
The Union disputes the Agency's claims concerning the right to assign work and to determine the methods, means, and technology of performing work, and expressly claims that its proposal does not require the Agency to negotiate over any matter covered by § 7106(b)(1). Response at 6. [n4]
V. Analysis and Conclusions
A. Meaning of the Proposal
By its terms, and as explained by the Union, the proposal would permit the overnight storage of Agency-authorized firearms in a lock box or other secure storage container at all Agency offices where armed employees work or are assigned. The Agency agrees with the Union's explanation of the proposal.
Further, as stated in the Record of the Post-Petition Conference, the parties agreed that the proposal: (1) affords the Agency discretion to determine the type of container provided, as long as it complies with the standard of security set forth in the proposal; (2) by using the term "overnight," allows employees to store their firearms in the secure container during off-duty hours and on weekends; (3) permits employees working a midnight to morning shift to store their firearms during the day; and (4) by referencing "government offices," applies wherever bargaining unit employees regularly work. Record of the Petition Conference at 2. The parties also agreed that the proposal allows employees to retrieve their firearms during off-duty hours. Id. In this regard, the Union explained further that "employees who choose to store their firearms during their non-work hours would most likely leave their firearms in the container until they resumed duty status." Response at 1. The Agency does not disagree with the Union's explanation. [ v59 p753 ]
The Union also notes that the Treasury Policy already requires the use of a lock box or other secure storage to store employee firearms while employees are at their work sites during duty hours. In this regard, according to the Union, the proposal does not address on-duty storage. Rather, the Union seeks to extend the use of Treasury Policy-sanctioned storage facilities used during duty hours to off-duty hours. Response at 6. The Agency does not disagree with the Union's further explanation.
We adopt the Union's interpretation of the proposal, as agreed to by the Agency, for purposes of this decision.
B. Severance
In its response to the Agency's statement of position, the Union requested that the second sentence be severed from the first. However, under § 2424.2(h) of the Authority's regulations, and as relevant here, severance "means the division of a proposal or provision into separate parts having independent meaning[.]" The Union has not established that the second sentence of the proposal has any "independent meaning" from the first sentence. Indeed, the Union states that the storage of firearms required by the second sentence "could be accomplished by allowing employees to store their firearms in the same storage facilities that the Agency has already decided upon for on-duty storage as reflected in the first [sentence] of [the] proposal." See Response at 6, 13. Therefore, we deny the request for severance.
C. The Proposal Affects Management's Right to Determine its Internal Security Practices under § 7106(a)(1) of the Statute
It is well established that the right to determine internal security practices under § 7106(a)(1) of the Statute includes the authority to determine the policies and practices that are part of an agency's plan to secure or safeguard its personnel, physical property, or operations against internal or external risks. See, e.g., NTEU, 53 FLRA 539, 581 (1997). Where the agency shows a link, or reasonable connection, between its objective of securing or safeguarding its personnel, property, or operations and the policy or practice designed to implement that objective, a proposal that "conflicts with" the policy or practice affects management's right under § 7106(a)(1). See, e.g., NTEU, 55 FLRA 1174, 1186 (1999). "Once [such] a link has been established, the Authority will not review the merits of the agency's plan in the course of resolving a negotiability dispute." Fraternal Order of Police, Lodge 1-F, 51 FLRA 143, 145 (1995) (Lodge 1-F) (citing AFGE, Local 2143, 48 FLRA 41, 44 (1993)). That is, the Authority "will not examine the extent to which the practices adopted by management to achieve its security objectives actually facilitate the accomplishment of those objectives." AFSCME, Locals 2910 & 2477, 49 FLRA 834, 839 (1994) (Locals 2910 & 2477) (citing AFGE, Local 1920, 47 FLRA 340, 349 (1993)).
The Agency claims that Agency facilities do not all have the same level of staffing and Agency control. The Agency further claims that, as a result, the Agency is unable to assure adequate security for firearms that might be stored at those facilities during off-duty hours. The Agency has determined, in this regard, that by not allowing storage during off-duty periods at those facilities which lack adequate security, it is reducing the risk of theft and furthering its asserted internal security practice determinations. The Agency policies and practices at issue in this case relate to the protection of Agency personnel, property and operations from the risks presented by firearm theft and misuse. Clearly, the Agency has established a link between those policies and practices and its internal security concerns.
Further, management's right to determine its internal security policies and practices under § 7106(a)(1) of the Statute includes the right to determine the level of security necessary to protect its personnel, property, and operations and the measures required to achieve that security level. See, e.g., NFFE, Local 2050, 36 FLRA 618, 625-27, 652-53 (1990) (Local 2050). In this regard, the Agency states that the existing security measures and Agency controls at most of the Agency's facilities are insufficient to provide security for employee firearms during off-duty hours. In order to provide sufficient security for that purpose, different measures and controls would need to be adopted. That is, in order to protect against theft or misuse of firearms during off-duty hours, implementation of the proposal would require the Agency to establish a level of security at those facilities comparable to the security provided at facilities where storage during off-duty hours is currently allowed. By requiring such actions, the proposal affects management's right to determine its internal security policies and practices under § 7106(a)(1). See id.
The Union's arguments in support of its claim that the proposal does not concern the Agency's internal security policies and practices essentially challenge the efficacy of the Agency's security policy regarding firearms during off-duty periods. However, as the Authority has consistently made clear, it will not review the alleged lack of effectiveness of an agency's choice of security policy as part of the negotiability determination. [ v59 p754 ] See Locals 2910 & 2477 and Local 1-F. See also AFGE, Local 3302, 37 FLRA 350, at 355 (1990).
Accordingly, we find that the proposal affects management's right to determine its internal security practices under § 7106(a)(1) of the Statute.
D. The Proposal does not Constitute a Procedure under § 7106(b)(2) of the Statute.
Proposals that require the adoption of security measures to ensure a specific level of security do not constitute negotiable procedures under § 7106(b)(2) of the Statute. See, e.g., NFFE, Local 1482, 44 FLRA 637, 648 (1992) (Local 1482). By requiring the Agency to adopt measures that are sufficient to ensure the security of Agency authorized employee firearms stored at its facilities during non-work hours, the disputed proposal in this case does not constitute a procedure within the meaning of § 7106(b)(2) of the Statute. See id.
E. The Proposal does not Constitute an Appropriate Arrangement under § 7106(b)(3) of the Statute.
The test for determining whether a proposal is within the duty to bargain under § 7106(b)(3) is set out in NAGE, Local R14-87, 21 FLRA 24 (1986) (KANG). Under that test, the Authority initially determines whether a proposal is intended to be an "arrangement" for employees adversely affected by the exercise of a management right. An arrangement must seek to mitigate adverse effects "flowing from the exercise of a protected management right." United States Dep't of the Treasury, Office of the Chief Counsel, IRS v. FLRA, 960 F.2d 1068, 1073 (D.C. Cir. 1992). To establish that a proposal is an arrangement, a union must identify the effects or reasonably foreseeable effects on employees that flow from the exercise of management's rights and how those effects are adverse. See KANG, 21 FLRA at 31. Proposals that address speculative or hypothetical concerns do not constitute arrangements. See, e.g., NFFE, Local 2015, 53 FLRA 967, 973 (1997). The alleged arrangement must also be sufficiently tailored to compensate or benefit employees suffering adverse effects attributable to the exercise of management's rights. See, e.g., AFGE, Local 1687, 52 FLRA 521, 523 (1996).
If a proposal is an arrangement, the Authority then determines whether it is appropriate, or whether it is inappropriate because it excessively interferes with the relevant management rights. KANG, 21 FLRA at 31-33.
The Agency acknowledges that the proposal would operate as an arrangement by mitigating the adverse effects the Union believes will result from the Agency action of making employees responsible for the security of their authorized firearms during off-duty hours. We agree that the proposal constitutes an arrangement and we find that the proposal addresses concerns that are neither speculative nor hypothetical. Additionally, we find that the proposal is sufficiently tailored to those employees who take their authorized firearms home. However, although the proposal constitutes an arrangement within the meaning of § 7106(b)(3), we find for the reasons discussed below that the proposal is not an appropriate arrangement.
In this case, the Agency has exercised its right to determine its internal security by having employees who are trained and qualified to carry firearms maintain possession and access to their firearms when off-duty. The Union's proposal would operate so as to completely preclude the Agency from exercising that right by mandating a change that is completely inconsistent with the Agency's internal security decision. This proposal would allow employees to leave their firearms at the duty location upon completion of their shift even though the Agency has concluded that Agency personnel, property and operations would be better served if employees qualified to carry firearms maintained possession and access to those firearms while off-duty when the facility at which they work does not present a safe and secure environment for off-duty storage of firearms. In this regard, we note that of the approximately 300 facilities used by the Agency in the accomplishment of its mission, the Union identified approximately 10 facilities where the Agency has determined that adequate security permits the off-duty storage of firearms. Because this proposal would mandate that the Agency undertake actions to provide such security even at locations that are not under its control, we find this proposal excessively interferes with the exercise of the Agency's management rights.
The Authority has found that proposals do not constitute appropriate arrangements where the proposals negate or nullify management's proposed exercise of its § 7106(a) right. See, e.g., AFGE, National Council of Field Labor Locals, Local 2139, 57 FLRA 292, 294 (2001) (proposal that completely precludes the Agency from using language it wishes to use in customer service policy outweighs benefits to employees); IFPTE, Local 1, 49 FLRA 225, 249 (1994) (IFPTE) (proposal acted as absolute restriction on right to assign particular duties to certain employees, found not to be appropriate arrangement); NFFE, Local 28, 47 FLRA 873, 876-80 (1993) (union proposal, in response to agency internal security determination to use unannounced random spot checks of all hand carried items, was to require such [ v59 p755 ] checks only where reason to believe unauthorized possession or theft occurred: Authority found proposal would severely limit agency internal security determination, thus would not be an appropriate arrangement); NFFE, Local 15, 30 FLRA 1046, 1057-1058 (1988)(proposal that completely negated the Agency's decision to use random drug testing for purposes of protecting security would reverse the substantive impact of that decision and is not an appropriate arrangement); NAGE, Local R7-23, 23 FLRA 753, 759 (1986) (Local R7-23) (proposal which negates management's exercise of its right to determine internal security is excessive when it reverses the substantive effect of management's action). The Authority reached these conclusions, even where the proposals' benefits to employees were significant, finding that proposals which erode or reverse the substantive effect of a management action taken pursuant to its management rights do not constitute appropriate arrangements. IFPTE, 49 FLRA at 249; Local R7-23, 23 FLRA at 759.
While the risk of harm to employees and their families from firearms properly stored and secured at home is not taken lightly, the Authority is not in a position, and does not have the ability, to second-guess the merits of an agency's determinations about what its internal security practices should be. Lodge 1-F and supra. Here, the Agency has determined, as part of its internal security determinations regarding the protection of personnel, property and operations, that firearms used by Agency employees in the performance of their duties need to be secured by the employees trained and authorized to possess them when they are off-duty. This internal security determination also effectuates the performance of unscheduled overtime work at other locations. While we find that some employees would benefit from the Union's proposal, the extent of that benefit has not been established by the record and by effectively overriding the Agency's internal security determination regarding those employees working at facilities and locations ill-equipped and unsuitable for off-duty storage of firearms, the proposal would completely negate the Agency's determination that its internal security is best served by having employees retain possession of their firearms while off-duty. [n5]
Consequently, we conclude that by completely precluding the Agency from having employees retain possession of their firearms while off-duty, the Union's proposal imposes a burden upon the Agency's exercise of its management right to determine its internal security practices that outweighs the benefits provided to some unit employees. AFGE, National Veterans Administration Council, 40 FLRA 1052, 1056 (1991) (a proposal that precludes an agency from exercising a management right inherently cannot constitute an appropriate arrangement); see also, AFGE, Local 1164, 55 FLRA 999, 1004 (1999); AFGE, Local 1917, 55 FLRA 228, 235 (1999). While one might argue that the Agency is not precluded from exercising its management right in some other way, we note that the effect of such a proposal would be to permit an exclusive representative to bargain over an agency's substantive exercise of its management rights, a conclusion explained supra. The Authority has made clear that Congress did not empower agencies to bargain away their authority to make decisions regarding the exercise of their management rights. Great Lakes Program Service Center, Social Security Administration, Dep't of Health and Human Services, Chicago, Ill., 9 FLRA 499, 510 (1982). To hold otherwise would permit the same type of improper outcome discussed by the court in AFGE, Local 2782 v. FLRA, 702 F.2d 1183, 1188 (D.C. Cir. 1983) (a union does not have the ability through impact and implementation bargaining to undo or negate an agency's substantive exercise of its 7106(a) rights). Accordingly, we find that the proposal is outside the duty to bargain because it excessively interferes with the Agency's right to determine its internal security. In view of this result, there is no need to address the Agency's argument regarding the interference the proposal places upon its right to assign work.
VI. Order
The petition for review is dismissed. [ v59 p756 ]
1. The Treasury Policy provides, as to securing authorized firearms, in relevant part, as follows:
All Treasury Law Enforcement Officers authorized to carry firearms in the performance of their official duties are personally responsible for the security of all firearms to prevent unauthorized use, unintentional discharge, and theft. When not under the Law Enforcement Officer's immediate control, one of the following methods of securing the firearm must be used:
Firearm storage in a government office:
a. Place in a lock box or other secure and locked container such as a safe, file cabinet, or desk.
b. Control of the combination or keys to the safe, file cabinet, or desk must be maintained to prevent unauthorized access to firearm.
c. At no time is a firearm to be left in an unlocked file cabinet, desk drawer, or other unsecured location.
Firearm storage in a residence:
a. Install a safety lock device; and,
b. To guard against theft or unauthorized use, firearm in a residence shall not be stored in plain view.
Firearm storage in a vehicle:
As a routine matter, firearms should not be stored in a vehicle. However, in certain situations the lack of a more secure storage location may make it necessary to temporarily store a firearm in a vehicle. In these situations, the Law Enforcement Officer should take every precaution to ensure a firearm stored in a vehicle is protected against theft or unauthorized use.
See also Customs Service Memorandum dated March 6, 2001, entitled "Implementation of the Treasury Firearms Safety and Security Policy," Attachment to Union's Petition for Review.
2. The 24-Hour Carry Policy provides, in relevant part, as follows:
[P]ersonnel authorized to be armed may carry their service-issued firearm 24 hours a day. 24-hour carry will provide officers with the increased capability to protect themselves while off-duty. Under this policy, officers will only be permitted to carry service-issued weapons with which they have successfully qualified.
The carriage of a firearm while off duty is voluntary under this authority.
This authority presents a tremendous responsibility and has potential for significant liabilities to the individual officer, as well as the Customs Service. Any officer who elects to carry a service-issued firearm off-duty must realize that his or her behavior must be significantly modified while armed. There are major restrictions in behavior and limitations on mobility, as the weapon must remain under the officer's control at all times.
An off-duty armed . . . officer is permitted to use a service-issued firearm under two circumstances: for self- defense and to come to the aid of another law enforcement officer. . . .
. . . .
Officers who are restricted from carrying a firearm 24 hours, may be permitted to carry the firearm to and from work.
File 1: Authority's Decision in 59 FLRA No.
File 2: Opinion of Member Pope
Footnote # 1 for 59 FLRA No. 135 - Authority's Decision
Pursuant to the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296; 6 U.S.C. § 101, et. seq.), the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury transferred to the United States Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection. 6 U.S.C. § 203(1). There is no evidence in the record that this change has affected the continued processing of this case.
Footnote # 2 for 59 FLRA No. 135 - Authority's Decision
Member Pope's dissenting opinion is set forth at the end of this decision.
Footnote # 3 for 59 FLRA No. 135 - Authority's Decision
The text of the provisions containing these requirements is set forth in the Appendix to this decision.
Footnote # 4 for 59 FLRA No. 135 - Authority's Decision
Accordingly, we find no need to conduct an assessment of whether the proposal is a permissive subject of bargaining under § 7106(b)(1).
Footnote # 5 for 59 FLRA No. 135 - Authority's Decision
The fact that the Agency provides overnight firearms storage facilities at some locations also constitutes a determination by management that security at those locations is safe and effective - itself an exercise of the right to determine internal security practices.


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Jeff Hughes slotted home a first-half penalty as Bristol Rovers continued their revival at the bottom of League One with a 1-0 win over promotion-chasing Bournemouth.
Adam Smith was penalised for tripping Gavin Williams and Hughes made no mistake in the 33rd minute, sending goalkeeper Shawn Jalal the wrong way from the spot.
It dealt another blow to Bournemouth's promotion hopes and sees the Pirates climb out of the bottom four at Dagenham & Redbridge`s expense.
The Cherries could find no way past inspired Rovers goalkeeper Conrad Logan at the end of some penetrating approach play.
Chris Lines hit the crossbar for Rovers with a superb 30-yard free kick after 63 minutes before the home side had to withstand a late Bournemouth surge.
Danny Hollands had a second-half shot cleared off the line by Rovers defender James Tunnicliffe, while Danny Ings and Anton Robinson shot inches wide for the visitors.
Rovers are threatening to pull off a great escape under player-manager Stuart Campbell, who substituted himself after 54 minutes and spent the rest of the game frantically urging his side on from the dugout.
Copyright (c) PA Sport 2009, All Rights Reserved.
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With the second leg of the round of 16 of the UEFA Champions League done and dusted with, we now are down to the final eight of the competition.
All eight teams have clearly done enough both in their respective groups and their round of 16 ties to be one of the top eight teams in Europe.
For the first time since the 1995-96 season, no Premier League team has made it to the last eight and whilst that is a clear indication of the reduced domination of the English Premier League in European Football, both Manchester United and Arsenal were rather unlucky, in not being a part of the competition anymore.
United lost out to Real Madrid following an all but controversial red card to Nani, and Arsenal went out on away goals to Bayern Munich after surprising one and all by beating them 2-0 at the Allianz Arena.
So, let us have a look at how the teams are shaping up, before heading into the last eight of Europe's most prestigious competition, the Champions League.
8. Galatasaray
The Turkish Giants, Galatasaray are sitting pretty at the top of the Turkish Super Lig, and have looked pretty decent since the inclusion of proven stalwarts like Wesley Sneijder, and Didier Drogba into their squad.
Drawn into a relatively simpler group, Gala had to contend with lesser fancied teams including CFR Cluj and SC Braga, alongside facing tournament favourites Manchester United. Despite earning 10 points, Gala made it through to the last 16 of the tournament only on head to head after being tied on points with Cluj post the group stage.
They were then pitted against 2010-11 semi-finalists, Schalke 04 in their Round of 16 fixture. After ending up level in their first home leg, Gala all but convincingly went through beating Schalke 3-2 at the Veltins Arena.
The general level of play from Gala hasn't been as great, and they'll really need to step up a couple of notches against the mighty Real Madrid in the quarters, if they are to script a rally to the semi-finals of the competition. To be blatant, Gala on current level of play do not deserve a place in the last four and will struggle against Mourinho's determined Los Blancos.
Ranked eighth, thus, are the Turkish Giants, Galatasaray.
7. Paris Saint-Germain
Truck loads of Money infused, house-hold names brought in, PSG, expected to be about where they currently are. At top of the French Ligue 1, and still alive in the Champions League, PSG just might have hit their road block.
They have been rather inconsistent overall and were extremely lucky to get through to the quarters after a hapless second leg performance against Valencia. Add to that, their upcoming tie against Barcelona, without their talisman Zlatan Ibrahimovich, PSG's dreams seem to be still a distant possibility. PSG have been given a fairly easy draw thus far but now they will have to step up against a resurgent and inspired Barcelona.
Inconsistent and enigmatic, PSG are seventh on this list.
6. Malaga
Malaga have been on the brink of a breakout in the Champions League ever since their Arab owners took over. Finally the breakout seems to have happened. Based on their solid defence and a star in the making, Malaga surprised one and all by coming out unbeaten in the group stage, a group that included Zenit and Milan.
They were 1-0 down to Porto in their first leg but came out stronger of the two, at their home. Facing Borussia Dortmund, in their upcoming Champions League fixture, Malaga do stand a chance of overcoming Dortmund. It will be feisty clash, a clash of the dark horses of sorts. Although Dortmund are the more fancied side in this one, Malaga may still pull out another bunny out of the hat.
At number six, are the underdogs of this years Champions League, Malaga CF.
5. Borussia Dortmund
Yes, Dortmund have been excellent in their Champions League adventure thus far, but their domestic form is something that would concern them more than anyone else. Their affair with the Champions League however has been nothing short of fascinating.
Pitted against the might of Real Madrid, Manchester City and Ajax in the group stage, Dortmund, came out with flying colours remaining unbeaten while managing to beat both the Spanish and the English Champions. They were then almost rewarded with a supposedly tricky tie against Ukrainian Champions Shakhtar Donetsk.
Easily defeating them at the Signal Iduna Park, after a level game in Ukraine meant that Dortmund continued their romance with the tournament. They now face Malaga, and Jurgen Klopp would believe that his side, critically out of the Bundesliga title race, will make it to the last four of the competition.
Despite an easier game to look forward to in the quarter-finals, Dortmund domestic form restricts them to number five.
4. Barcelona
Surprise Surprise!! Yes, the Blaugrana are not topping this list. Leave alone topping the list, their form off late means that they stutter to a number 4. Yes, they stood up at the Camp Nou against Milan to wipe off their 2-0 loss at the San Siro, but that does not wipe off their hapless performances against Madrid a week before.
Ever since Jordi Roura took over post Tito Vilanova's illness, Barca haven't been themselves. They've tried to play their normal tiki-taka and have failed to create enough chances. They did look the part against Milan though, and one would indeed fancy them to overcome PSG too, but will Barca make it all the way? On current form of both Barca and their competitors, the answer might just be no.
Barca have enough quality players to turn around any situation, just like they did against Milan, but will they have a chance to turn things around against the likes of Real Madrid, Bayern Munich etc. Who knows?
At number four and not number one, are Barcelona for a change.
3. Juventus
Juventus are yet to prove themselves totally. They have been prolific again in their Serie A ambitions, but have been convincing only against teams like Shakhtar and Celtic. They did beat Chelsea in a crunch group stage match though but are just not tested against the quality oppositions of the tournament.
They could only beat what is in front of them though, but the general quality of their team would definitely lead them to contest evenly against the tougher oppositions too. Boasting of the greatest mid-field in world football, including Andrea Pirlo, Claudio Marchisio, Arturo Vidal, Stephan Lichtsteiner among others Juventus will provide stiff resistance against title bound Bayern Munich.
Juventus Vs. Bayern is set to be the tie of the round, and Juventus will be on their toes, ready to give Bayern a stiff, stiff challenge in the quarters.
At number three, are Juventus. The Bianconeri have been special since last season, and may just be bound for glory this time.
2. Bayern Munich
Real or Bayern? I'd go with Real at the top. But that will later be discussed. Bayern have been the team to beat this season. Be it the Bundesliga, or the Champions League, Bayern have ripped defences apart.
But Arsenal showed that even Bayern who have seemed almost unbeatable so far can have off days. Complacency or Just an off day? I'd say complacency. Bayern's form off late hasn't been great either. Yes, they still continue to win games but not as convincingly as they used to, say a month ago.
Bayern, nevertheless are still firm favourites for the title, and they have every chance of exorcising their Champions League ghost this time. Jupp Heynecks' last Champions League tournament with Bayern should add all the more incentive to Bayern's quest for the title. It is really going to be riveting to see how Bayern Munich will go about their business from here on.
Also, given their tie against Juventus, Bayern have stiff times forthcoming. By the slightest of margins, Bayern Munich are second on this list.
1. Real Madrid
Name on the trophy? Seems legitimate.
Jose Mourniho's romance with his beloved Champions League continued on, in all but controversial circumstances. But the main point here is that it did continue.
Mourinho has brought all the glory to the Spanish Capital, and all that is left is a Champions League triumph, which will also be Real's tenth Champions League victory. It all did look lost when United were out-witting Mourinho's men at Old Trafford, but when the opportunity came by, Mourinho capitalised beautifully, bringing on Luka Modric who proved to be the game changer.
Too early to say this, but Mourinho looks bound for another triumph in the Champions League. The fact that they don't need to ponder over the La Liga anymore, should provide that extra kick to the Los Blancos. Cristiano Ronaldo is determined as ever and after getting through the United tie, you would expect Real to mount a proper and firm title challenge.
Real Madrid have all that it takes to win the Champions League this time. Can Mourinho charm the world again? Why not! At number one lie the nine time winners, Real Madrid.
DISCLAIMER: This article has been written by a member of the GiveMeFootball Writing Academy and does not represent the views of GiveMeFootball.com or SportsNewMedia. The views and opinions expressed are solely that of the author credited at the top of this article. GiveMeFootball.com and SportsNewMedia do not take any responsibility for the content of its contributors.
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HP ServiceGuard Solution for Linux Disaster Recovery
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Access this short but informative video to discover a next-generation, integrated disaster recover solution that will protect your business and ensure high availability for your mission critical systems.


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Night Night All-Foam Crib and Toddler Mattress will provide your child with a healthy and comfortable sleep environment. The mattress features a non-toxic contour-shaped foam core and is lightweight at only 8 lbs making it easy for you to change sheets. The surface of the mattress is extra firm which is recommended for babies by most medical experts. Your baby can sleep on both sides of the mattress so it is reversible and lasts longer. The cover is made of waterproof and breathable jersey fabric that is soft and nice to your baby's skin. You can wipe the cover clean with a warm moist cloth and mild soap, but it can also be removed and machine-washed which creates a hygienic sleeping environment for your baby. The mattress also fits toddler bed frames. The product meets Federal Flammability Standards as well as EPA Lead, and phthalate testing and does not contain toxic fire retardants.
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Cory Blake Chambers, 40, died April 14, 2014, at Via Christi St. Francis Regional Medical Center, Wichita.
He was born Aug. 29, 1973, at Homestead, Fla., to Bryan Blake and Pam (Jones) Chambers. A Great Bend resident since 2008, coming from the Arlington and Hutchinson area, he was a fuel truck driver for S & J Trucking. He was a member of Prince of Peace Parish at St. Patrick Catholic Church and Knights of Columbus Council No. 862, both of Great Bend. He enjoyed hunting, golfing, reading, gardening and handyman carpentry work.
On May 3, 2008, he married Jill Bugner at Great Bend. She survives, of the home.
Other survivors include: his mother, Pam Christendon, Great Bend; a son, Zachary Blake Chambers, Cunningham; a daughter, Sophia Chambers, of the home; a brother, Derek Christendon, Cunningham; three sisters, Nikki Baker, Pratt, Barbie Everett and Jesse, Isabel, and Kimmie Christendon and Josh Sheets, Great Bend.
He was preceded in death by his father.
Vigil service with Knights of Columbus rosary will be at 7 p.m. Sunday at Bryant Funeral Home, Great Bend. Mass of Christian Burial will be at 10:30 a.m. Monday at St. Patrick Catholic Church, with Father Ted Stoecklein officiating. Visitation is from 1 to 9 p.m. Sunday at the funeral home. Interment will be in Great Bend Cemetery North, Great Bend.
Memorials may be made to the Chambers Children's Education Fund, in care of the mortuary, 1425 Patton Road, Great Bend, KS 67530.


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Netflix Delivers Another Awesome Original Series With 'Orange is the New Black' – JP's Netflix Picks
'Orange is the New Black' is the fifth (or fourth depending on how you count season 4 of Arrest Development) original series developed and distributed by Netflix. The show was created by Jenji Kohan who created the Showtime show 'Weeds'. The show has been received well by both critics and viewers. After watching the series myself, I couldn't agree more.
The show is based on a memoir by Piper Kerman entitled Orange Is The New Black. The story follows lead character Piper Chapman as she is incarcerated for smuggling drug money for her then girlfriend Alex Vause, played by 'That '70s Show' veteran Laura Prepon. Piper comes from quite a bit different world than the majority of the other women in the prison and learning to adjust to her new surroundings encompasses the bulk of the story.
As we watch Piper learn to adjust to prison life; we are also treated to the back stories of the other prison inmates and how they ended up in prison. And it's these supporting characters where the show really shines in my opinion. The ensemble cast that has been put together for the show is what sets this the quality of this show so high. and possibly why I watched the entire series in one weekend!
As we've come to expect from Ms. Kohan, the writing is superb. She is very capable of capturing real human interaction, minus the excessive immaturity of Diablo Cody. Over the thirteen episode season I found myself becoming deeply sympathetic to all the plight of every character.
I'm hooked on this show, and will likely return to watch it again (albeit at a much slower pace). Apparently Netflix enjoyed the show so much that they renewed it for a second season before the show was even released to the public. No official date as to when we will receive season 2, but I can assure you I will welcome it with open arms.
Let me know what you think of my recommendation in the comments and be sure to leave any suggestions for me to check out!


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USFWS National Digital Library
Agency Overview
Conserving the Nature
of America
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
The mission of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect and enhance fish, wildlife, plants and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is the premier government agency dedicated to the conservation, protection, and enhancement of fish, wildlife and plants, and their habitats. It is the only agency in the federal government whose primary responsibility is management of these important natural resources for the American public. The Service also helps ensure a healthy environment for people through its work benefiting wildlife, and by providing opportunities for Americans to enjoy the outdoors and our shared natural heritage.
The Service is responsible for implementing and enforcing some of our Nation's most important environmental laws, such as the Endangered Species Act, Migratory Bird Treaty Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, North American Wetlands Conservation Act, and Lacey Act. The Service fulfills these and other statutory responsibilities through a diverse array of programs, activities, and offices that function to:
Protect and recover threatened • and endangered species
Monitor and manage migratory • birds
Restore nationally significant • fisheries
Enforce federal wildlife laws and • regulate international wildlife trade
Conserve and restore wildlife • habitat such as wetlands
Help foreign governments • conserve wildlife through international conservation efforts
Distribute hundreds of millions • of dollars to States, territories and tribes for fish and wildlife conservation projects
The Service also manages the 96 million acre National Wildlife Refuge System, the world's preeminent system of public lands devoted to protection and conservation of fish and wildlife and their habitats. The 548 units of the Refuge System receive over 40 million visitors each year who participate in hunting, fishing, wildlife observation and photography, environmental education and interpretation, and other outdoor recreation activities. Within the Fisheries program, the Service operates 70 National Fish Hatcheries, which in conjunction with Fish Health Centers and Fish Technology Centers restore native aquatic populations, mitigate for fisheries lost as a result of federal water projects, and support recreational fisheries throughout the United States.
The Service Today
The Service's origins date back to 1871 when Congress established the U.S. Fish Commission to study the decrease of the nation's food fishes and recommend ways to reverse the decline. Today, the Service utilizes 8,704 Full Time Equivalent Employees (FTEs), dedicated professionals located at facilities across the country, including a headquarters office in Arlington, VA, eight regional offices, and nearly 700 field offices.
The Service utilizes a diverse and largely decentralized organization to meet its conservation and management responsibilities. The headquarters office has primary responsibility for policy formulation and budget allocation within major program areas, while the Regional
USFWSoffices have primary responsibility for implementation of these policies and management of field staff. This organizational structure allows the Service to address wildlife issues effectively at the regional, State and local level, as well as work effectively with a variety of partners, including other federal agencies, States, tribes, nongovernmental organizations and the public.
All of the Service's work is guided by a set of Conservation Principles. These include:
Stewardship• – Our ethic is to conserve natural resources for future generations.
People• – Our employees are our most valued asset.
Science• – Our work is grounded in thorough, objective science.
Partnerships• – We emphasize creative, innovative partnerships.
Professionalism• – We hold ourselves to the highest ethical standards, strive for excellence and respect others.
Legacy• – We ensure the future of natural resource conservation by connecting people with nature.
Service• – It is our privilege to serve the American people.
The Service's fiscal year 2009 budget request was $2.2 billion, which included over $800 million in permanent appropriations that is apportioned to the states and territories. Global climate change, shortages of clean water suitable for wildlife, and the alienation of children and adults from the natural world are critical challenges faced by the Service. In order to address these challenges, the Service has identified six priorities:
National Wildlife Refuge • System – Conserving Our Lands and Resources
Landscape Conservation • – Working with Others
Migratory Birds • – Conservation and Management
Threatened and Endangered • Species – Achieving Recovery and Preventing Extinction
Connecting People with • Nature – Ensuring the Future of Conservation
Aquatic Species • – National Fish Habitat Initiative and Trust Species
Looking Forward
The Service is working to develop a unifying landscape-based scientific framework called "Strategic Habitat Conservation" that will apply conservation planning and design, conservation delivery, research and monitoring to large areas with many interconnected habitats and species. The purpose of the Strategic Habitat Conservation framework is to respond to the impact on fish, wildlife, and plants from climate change and other growing threats, such as habitat fragmentation, urbanization, invasive species, disease, parasites, and water management.
Strategic Habitat Conservation is the Service's framework for landscape conservation. It is a structured, science-driven approach for making decisions about where and how to expend Service resources for species, or groups of species to achieve explicit biological objectives. Ultimately, Strategic Habitat Conservation will allow the Service to work more effectively across landscapes with partners such as the U.S. Geological Survey, state and tribal wildlife agencies, conservation organizations, landowners and other concerned groups and individuals to in ways that recognize that the future environment may differ markedly from the past.
An Introduction to the Organization
The following pages provide a brief overview of the major programs, resources, and organizational structure of the Service, as well as details on budgets, legal mandates, emerging issues and recent successes.
November 2008
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December 2013
2 December 2013
The unveiling of another prehistoric croc species sculpture at Australia Zoo today formed part of the dinosaur-themed celebrations for Robert Irwin's 10th birthday.
The super croc sculpture features a Parasaurolophus and a Deinosuchus. A Parasaurolophus was a duck billed dinosaur, which weighed around 2.7 tonnes and could walk on either two legs or four, while the Deinosuchus was related to the alligator and lived 80 to 73 million years ago, during the late Cretaceous period.
"Wow – what an awesome present!" Robert said.
The latest super croc sculpture was constructed by Australia Zoo artist Cameron Chapman as Robert's birthday surprise.
Following in his father's footsteps, Robert fed his first estuarine crocodile Monty "This has been a dream of mine for many years, and to finally feed Monty - it was so awesome!" Robert said.
Paleontologist Dr Scott Hucknell and the Queensland Museum surprised Robert by presenting him with the world's first 3D version of his favourite dinosaur, Australovenator.
"This is so cool! It's so exciting to see the Australovenator in 3D," said Robert.
ERTH dinosaurs roamed around the Zoo all day long, with paleontologist and fossil displays, Jurassic Joe entertained the kids, while the ever popular giant inflatable Jurassic obstacle course was a huge attraction.
Robert's tenth year is gearing up to be a big one, with the launch of his TV show Wild but True which will air on Discovery Kids Asia in 2014.
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Bundesliga: Borussia Dortmund coach Jurgen Klopp excited for rest of season
Attention switches from Pep Guardiola to the current season when the Bundesliuga restarts on Friday night.
Last Updated: 18/01/13 7:30am
Guardiola's appointment as the new coach of Bayern Munich from July, coming two days before the restart of the season after a five-week winter break, has shifted the attention away from the final four months of the current campaign somewhat.
Yet business gets back to normal from Friday night when Schalke host Hannover in the first Bundesliga match of 2013.
It promises to be a scramble for places in Europe next season behind a side which Guardiola seems certain to inherit as the defending Bundesliga champions.
That does not mean the next four months are going to be boring, even if Bayern do march to the title.
"It was no different really in the past two seasons," said Borussia Dortmund coach Jurgen Klopp, whose own side were the ones taking all the plaudits in the last two years.
"We all enjoyed the Bundesliga all the same. There are too many things which still promise to be very exciting.
"The league in itself is so exciting because it is so even. The battle for places in Europe is particularly tight.
"Right down to ninth, everybody still has it all to play for and that makes it very exciting, and there is a great deal at stake for the clubs."
Klopp, who says Bayern can only throw the title away this year, has set his own sights on finishing runners up.
"We can still look forward to the second half of the season, even if we only have the goal of finishing second," Klopp told the Die Welt newspaper.
The defending champions travel to Werder Bremen on Saturday evening, by which time their deficit on Bayern could have grown to 15 points should the champions win their Bavarian battle with Greuther Furth.
Second-placed Bayer Leverkusen are the only side with an outside chance of catching Bayern and they begin the year with a home game against Eintracht Frankfurt, who beat them on the opening day of the season.
Elsewhere, new coaches begin work for Hoffenheim, Wolfsburg and Nurnberg against Borussia Monchengladbach, Stuttgart and Hamburg respectively.
Surprise packages Mainz and Freiburg meet on Saturday, while the final game of the first weekend of Bundesliga action in 2013 pits Fortuna Dusseldorf against Augsburg.


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Cuomo: Don't rebuild, let Mother Nature take back Sandy-damaged areas
Now that he's laid the climate change card on the table, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo proposes a $400M Superstorm Sandy home buyout plan in which high-risk areas would be handed back over to Mother Nature.
Tue, Feb 05 2013 at 6:18 PM
Photo: David Berkowitzi/Flickr
Just yesterday, I took a look at the rather unusual but not entirely novel buttress-building methods residents of Superstorm Sandy-ravaged Long Beach, N.Y. have employed to guard their city against future storms.
However, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo has another idea when it comes to protecting his state's most vulnerable coastal communities. It goes a little something like this: Let's not focus all of our attention on further fortifying New Yorks flood-prone areas whether it be planting oyster beds in New York Harbor, installing Dutch-style storm surge gates, or experimenting with dikes. Let's not focus entirely on costly infrastructure projects. Instead, lets spend $400 million to buy uninhabitable or severely damaged homes for their full pre-Sandy market values, demolish them, and let Mother Nature have a go at the land where the homes once stood.
Cuomos recently proposed home buyout scheme, a program what would be partially funded by the finally approved $51 billion disaster relief package, is somewhat drastic and when you think about it, downright Weismanian in nature: razing homes and allowing the surrounding topography to revert back to its pre-developed, ocean-buffering state: wetlands, marshes, and dunes ... dunes just like the ones being reformed by residents in Long Beach. Some of the reclaimed coastline, which would be used exclusively to shield communities from future storms, could also be transformed into public parkland. That decision would be up to local authorities. Whatever the case, none of the land would ever be developed again.
Said Cuomo at a briefing immediately following Superstorm Sandy: Climate change is a reality, extreme weather is a reality, it is a reality that we are vulnerable. Protecting this state from coastal flooding is a massive, massive undertaking. But its a conversation I think is overdue.
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Editor's note: Given its similarities to the original PC release, we decided against a formal review of the recently-released Wii U version. Instead, we focus on how the Director's Cut improves upon the original.
The Director's Cut version of Deus Ex: Human Revolution updates Square Enix and Eidos Montreal's original 2011 game, reincorporating the Missing Link DLC back into the game and fixing some of the game's flaws. New extras, like second screen gameplay, supplement the overall experience.
Some of the HUD elements are transferred to the second screen to free up valuable real estate on the main screen. Players will look down to check out the area map and radar to help spot potential enemies, turrets, and cameras. It'll also helpfully indicate whether Adam has raised the ire of hostiles or if he's triggered an enemy's awareness. Players can also manage their inventory, upgrade Adam's augmentations, and search fallen enemies for loot. It can become easy to rely on the second screen a little too much and stop paying attention to the action on the main screen, but I didn't find it to be too much of a hindrance.
One of the better uses of the second screen is DX:HR's hacking mechanic. Hacking segments now become touch screen mini-games, which feels much more natural given the premise of having to hack into computer terminals. It also handles a lot better, as touch controls in this instance feel more intuitive than fumbling around with analog sticks.
One area where the Wii U's second screen may get a leg up on the other console versions is through the use of Miiverse integration. Players can use the Infolog feature using the GamePad to take screenshots and add drawings or voice notes. Wii U can then send these Infologs out into the Miiverse social network and show them off to their friends.
The Director's Cut also goes a long way to fix the brutal boss battles from the original game. Players were previously forced into combat to take on bosses, which came as bad news for anyone that took a more nonviolent path. However, boss battles have been revamped to include new areas that have added hacking terminals, which are tied to doors, cameras, and turrets. I was able to level up my hacking ability and take advantage of these terminals to defeat some of the bosses without firing a shot. There are multiple paths to victory in boss battles and they definitely feel a lot more gratifying than they did before.
Those that have already had their fill of DX:HR may not find enough new content to bring them back for another round. Although it may boast some enhanced features, at the end of the day, it is the exact same game. On top of that, some players might not have access to the second screen experience. Xbox 360 users without a tablet and PS3 owners without a Vita won't be able to take advantage of the second screen, which is where many of the Director's Cut's improvements can be found. Revamped boss battles may not be enough of a reason to jump back into the DX:HR world.
A double-dip may be a bit too much to ask for, but for anyone looking to experience DX:HR for the first time, the Director's Cut is a great place to learn what all the original fuss was about.
This review is based on download PC code provided by the publisher. Deus Ex: Human Revolution Director's Cut is now available at retail on Wii U for $29.99. It is also available digitally on the eShop and PC. The game is rated M.


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now the cr.shaft pully bolt won't come off
Posted 13 April 2007 - 07:33 PM
While taking things apart in order to get at the broken bolt holing the tensioner on we got stuck because the cranshaft pully bolt won't come off.
There must be some creative solution - we don't have a 21mm socket and don't have an impact wrench. We have tried open-ended wrenches, pipe wrenches, and even found a lug wrench that fit, but even with the radiator off there's just no room for turn or torque. None of the wrenches we have will fit down in there so that the tool is able to slide over the nut.
Is THIS something I should consider drilling out too? My friend thinks not, but we're many many miles from stores and if there's some oddball way to make it work I would love to hear of one.
Thanks in advance,
Posted 13 April 2007 - 07:47 PM
remember to unplug the coil wire first!.. put the socket and wrench on the bolt and then align the breaker bar on the handle facing down and wedge it into the floor..then bump the motor..carefully and remember to have the coil wire unplugged..you do not want the car to start.. works like a charm but just be careful
hope it makes sence..sometimes I have trouble getting my point across
Posted 13 April 2007 - 08:19 PM
Do you have any english sockets large enough? I use a 7/8" or whatever is closest, because my kit didn't have a metric large enough. The trick of wedging a wrench of some sort against something (a rock under the car if the wrench won't reach the floor), and very carefully bumping it with the starter might work. I'd say your best bet might be the lug wrench, and wedge it against something and use the starter motor. Open ended wrenches or big adjustable wrenches don't grip really well compared to a socket (though I've used them).
Posted 14 April 2007 - 03:01 AM
Best thing to do would be get a 22mm socket, and a long breaker bar. Shove some non-fibrous rope down a cylinder, and crank it over until it stops. Then you can really wrench on it to get it loose/tight again.
Posted 14 April 2007 - 08:39 AM
Posted 14 April 2007 - 10:54 AM
Like Gloyale said, you need a 22mm socket, preferably a nice beefy impact one. Put a breaker bar on it, and put a pipe on the breaker bar.
Put the assembly on the crank pulley bolt, and turn the crank until the pipe is laying on the ground somewhere solid, as in concrete, towards the driver's side of the engine.
Hop in the car, and just pop the starter. No more than a half-second. If your tools are tough enough, this will break the bolt loose.
I've done this at least a half-dozen times, and have yet to break off a bolt or damage the engine or starter in any way. The only thing I've broken is tools because they weren't strong enough.
Posted 16 April 2007 - 05:58 PM
Posted 16 April 2007 - 08:22 PM
Posted 17 April 2007 - 03:13 AM
My favorite method is to remove one spark plug, stuff that cylinder full of rope, and slowly rotate the engine until that piston bumps up against the rope. Then, get a nice, long thick pipe, fit it over the end of my breaker bar* and push.
*A breaker bar is preferable; I have broken ratchets in the past when trying to relieve highly torqued bolts.
If you do this, and get a long enough piece of pipe, its a simple thing. The "rope trick" is also perfectly harmless to your engine. Some people have luck putting the car in top gear, setting the parking brake, and doing the same thing with the wheels on the ground. Alot of people have luck doing that; I do not.
However, once you get a socket on the bolt, it becomes MUCH easier than trying to use an open end wrench, crescent wrench, pipe wrench, or anything else of the sort. Proper tool for the job
Posted 17 April 2007 - 11:03 AM
My favorite method is to remove one spark plug, stuff that cylinder full of rope, and slowly rotate the engine until that piston bumps up against the rope. Then, get a nice, long thick pipe, fit it over the end of my breaker bar* and push.
This trick works awesome. I had to remove the crank bolt from an engine stting on my stand. No flywheel, so nothing to lock with a screwdriver(or the top of the spare tire jack, that's another "on car" trick). I though "hey, i'll try that rope trick!" worked great. Took about 8 feet of rope to fill the cylinder. Be careful though. I could not believe the amount of grit and crap that fell down the hole while I was feeding in the rope. When I got around later to pulling the head, there was a small pile of grit that looked really scary.(if you think about it in a running engine)
I will never ever pull a spark plug on a EA again without first using a Street sweeper bristle and some carb cleaner to blast and rinse away all the crap that fills in around those spark plug holes. And then a shop vac once the plug is pulled to get the remainder.
Posted 17 April 2007 - 11:31 AM
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Zucchini Bread Teething SticksCuisinart Original Recipe
1 small zucchini, about 5 to 6 ounces
1 cup plus 2 tablespoons unbleached,
all-purpose fl our
1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/2 teaspoon baking powder
1/4 cup oil
1/2 cup brown sugar
2 large eggs
Preheat oven to 350°F. Butter a loaf pan well.
Assemble the Cuisinart® food processor with the shredding disc and shred the zucchini. Remove and reserve in a separate bowl.
Combine the flour, cinnamon, salt and baking powder together in a small mixing bowl.
Place the oil and brown sugar together in food processor work bowl fitted with metal chopping blade. Process for 20 seconds, scrape bowl and process again for 10 more seconds. Add eggs and process 20 seconds. Add dry ingredients to work bowl and pulse until combined. Pulse in shredded zucchini and process for 15 seconds. Pour batter into prepared loaf pan and bake until a cake tester comes out clean; 45 minutes.
Cool cake completely. Slice cake into 1⁄2-inch
Makes about twenty-two 1/2-inch sticks
Nutritional Information Per Serving
no nutrition information available


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WILKES-BARRE TWP. - At 5-foot-9, Carter Camper is one of the shortest players on the Providence Bruins roster.
He was tall enough to make a huge play Wednesday night in Game 3 of the Eastern Conference semifinals at the Mohegan Sun Arena.
Camper jumped up to glove down an Alex Grant clearing attempt, and two passes later, scored an overtime goal to lead the P-Bruins to a 2-1 victory over the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins.
Providence will have a chance to sweep the best-of-7 series Friday night.
"When you get to this point in the season and you get in these games, the games come down to a single play," coach John Hynes said. "Plays get magnified. Periods get magnified. Shifts get magnified. That's what this time of year is about."
In the first minute of overtime, Grant retreated into his own zone and tried to lob a clearing pass to center ice. Camper raced in at the left point, leapt and gloved the puck down. He skated up the left wing and, as he was falling down, made a cross-ice pass to Jordan Caron, who threw the puck toward the net.
It caromed to the goal line to the left of goalie Brad Thiessen, and Camper pounced and slid the puck along the ice inside the near post at the 31-second mark.
"Hockey is a game of mistakes," captain Joey Mormina said. "Everybody makes mistakes. Everyone made mistakes tonight. Sometimes it results in a goal and sometimes it doesn't. Alex is a guy with a lot of character. We expect him to be really good Friday night."
Then goal ended what was unquestionably the Penguins' best game of the series. After allowing 12 goals in the first two games, they buttoned things up defensively. There were fewer penalties, more congestion in the neutral zone and better work down low in the offensive zone. Providence didn't hit double digits in shots in any period.
"I thought we played real strong," center Trevor Smith said. "We got to their D. They've had some injury trouble there, so we tried to get pucks deep and get some bodies on them. That's the kind of style we like to play. Those high-scoring games, like Games 1 and 2, that's not what we've been used to all year. These one-goal games, that's when we play the best."
After a scoreless first, the teams traded goals in the second. Providence took a 1-0 lead thanks to some solid forechecking by its third line. Kyle MacKinnon stole a puck behind the net and centered to Jared Knight for a quick shot and a goal from the bottom of the right faceoff circle at 3:04.
The Penguins tied the score 1-1 off an offensive-zone faceoff win about eight minutes later. Smith won the draw and went to the net. Cody Wild took a shot from the left point and Smith cleaned up the rebound at the left post.
The Penguins pressured Providence goalie Niklas Svedberg consistently in the third period, but he stood his ground.
With nine minutes left, Chad Kolarik steered a loose rebound through the crease from a bad angle. A minute later, Zach Sill stole a puck from a scrambling Svedberg behind the net but couldn't score.
With six minutes to go, he made a glove save on Mormina. A minute later, another glove save on Derek Nesbitt.
It wasn't always pretty but it was always effective.
"He's an all-star goalie," Smith said. "We just gotta keep getting pucks on him and see if we can bang a few home. Maybe two or three, you know? Not one."