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V3 Beta version under development (220.127.116.11). See Latest News
Press F1 to bring up the help screen. Amongst other things you get a list of the actual commandline parameters that version supports.
Tool Tips are the primary source of help and explanation when using Realterm. Take the time to move the mouse over every control, and read the hints that pop up. If you doubleclick on the status bar at the bottom it will toggle to a longer hint string.
The Popup hints are also displayed (and don't timeout) on the status bar. Double click the status bar to show them the full screen width.
ENTER send CR, <ctrl>+ENTER sends LF, <shift>+ENTER sends CRLF
Monitor New File Releases
If you are using an FTDI usb adaptor you need to install the FTDI driver first
To use Spy mode, or PicProg functions, install the separate drivers required.
Read all the Tool Tips carefully. Check the examples directory for programming examples.
F1 brings up the About page with lots of links, and helplinks.
Help is Here
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This gives a traditional terminal with extensive control codes that navigate the cursor around and clear selected parts of the screen. If you need to format the display use this emulation, not ASCII. [The ASCII emulator displays all 256 characters, and so will not even act on backspace or formfeed. It does not properly act on CR and LF, so as to display them best ]
Colors can be set from the commandline (V188.8.131.52+), or on the Misc tab.
Colors are set by a string of color chars below. The sequence is: Kbd,Port,SendStr,SpyTX,SpyRX,Background
Default is 'RYLRYK'
'R': clRed;
'G': clGreen;
'B': clBlue;
'C': clAqua;
'Y': clYellow;
'M': clFuchsia;
'K': clBlack;
'W': clWhite;
'T': clTeal;
'P': clPurple;
'L': clLime; (bright green)
'O': clOlive;
'N': clMaroon;
Right mouse click on the main window or on the Tray Icon tp bring up the popup menu. You can doubleclick the tray icon to hide/show Realterm (ie make it disappear from the taskbar)
The Tray Icon and main icon changes to show a red dot when it is capturing. The dot rotates as data bytes are actually being received. The dot is Green for normal chars, Red when capturing,
Yellow when Data Triggers or Binary Sync Matches occur.
Small tablets, high resolutions screens etc, can make the default screen difficult to use. There are several ways to change the size of Realterm
The whole UI can be scaled to make all text and controls bigger. See Misc
For small tablets, the app can be run in fullscreen mode. See Misc tab, and right click menu, or command line WINDOWSTATE param. You can increase the COLS to fill the screen by double-clicking COLS. Use the Hotkey to toggle screen mode <ctrl+alt+F>
Sets up a small Realterm, hides the controls and sets StayOnTop. Both Rows and Cols are changed when you drag resize the MiniTerminal. Use the Hotkey to toggle screen mode <ctrl+alt+M>
Hide Controls either from the popup menu, or the commandline or activeX interfaces. This is ideal for making a shortcut that sets up Realterm for your field staff or users, then hides all the controls, to make it less confusing. Use the Hotkey to toggle screen mode <ctrl+alt+H>
Visible option that will completely hide Realterm. Unlike minimising, it disappears from the taskbar. Only the Tray Icon is left.
If you want it to be totally hidden the activeX interface lets you hide even the Tray Icon. This is ideal if (like us) you have 16 Realterms running in the background at once, all the time.
mechanism uses the window name, and this disappears when the window is hidden.
Rows sets the min number of rows.
Drag resizing will increase the actual number of rows (but not change the setting).
Cols are not changed by dragging, except in MiniTerminal mode. Double Click in COLS will set number of cols to fill the screen width. The status bar will show the actual Rows & Cols during resizing.
Bytes and check "Single". Realterm tries to set the actual number of Cols, to be multiples of Data Frame sizes.
You can set the display rows from the commandline to launch it the size you want.
The example shown will be a 80x16 window.
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Binary data is arranged in frames. These frames are either
(of course Text is arranged as lines ending with LF or CR -ie numbers 10,13)
Sync starts a new line, and optionally highlights the last sync char, and adds a timestamp . Sync can also be used to only display chars following the sync - N chars, or (N=-1) until next CR/LF
A count of sync matches is shown on the Binary Sync Chars panel. When a sync match occurs, the tray icon square changes to yellow for a few seconds.
Fixed size frames are self evident. You will notice that theterminal resizes to always have a whole number of frames across, unless "Single" is checked.
Unfortunately frames will randomly begin somewhere on the line.GULP swallows a character each time it is pressed. Press it until the frames correctly start at the beginning of a line.
Delimited frames start a new line when they detect the sync sequence. A sync sequence can be any number of bytes long
Here sync is detected when 2 bytes match 0xA55A, or moreaccurately, when 0xA55A XOR 0x0000 AND 0xFFFF > 0. ["SyncIs"should be set to "Number"]. If you are syncing off ASCIIchars, then select "Synch is: ASCII" and put the chars in the top editbox.
You can have as many bytes as you want in the sync word.
The XOR term allows you to invert some or all data bits. ($00 is normal $FF is inverted). If you don't need the XOR and AND fields, just leave them empty to get the defaults.
The AND term lets you ignore some of the bits. For example youcould use this to use bit 7 as a sync bit, by setting the AND term to $80 $80. (Note hex numbers are preceded by $)
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Baudrates depend on the exact hardware port. Realterm accepts anything. Some ports complain about invalid baud rates, others just ignore them, some coerce to the nearest rate.
Most PC ports accept non-standard values that the chips divider is capable of generating.
Realterm can connect to both SERIAL ports (real uarts, as well as USB, and network virtual uarts) or TCP/Telnet ports.
server:port eg "server:telnet" or "server:9876"
USB serial ports appear at some port number. Look under "my computer->properties->hardware->ports" to find where they are. Unfortunately the same device will often appear at different comport numbers when it is on different USB hub ports.
The currently present devices and associated ports are also listed in the registry at HKLM\HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\SERIALCOMM. You can use these device names directly in the port selection eg "\VCP0" or "\Serial0"
For example when you plug in an I2C2PC adaptor it will normally appear as \VCP0, regardless of the comport# that it is assigned, or which usb hub port it is connected to.
On Win9X there don't seem to be any special names for devices, and this won't help you.
If you would like to use Realterm to interact with software on your PC, not with a physical port as normal, the you need com0com . This makes a pair of virtual comports, linked together. You software connects to one port, and Realterm connects to the other. Now Realterm can talk to your software and see what it is sending.
Realterm now uses the registry to find ports rather than trying to open them all. Note if you get a registry key error when starting, this is because you do not have any serial ports installed. Install one.
V220.127.116.11+ If you have ports which do not show up (e.g. com0com VCP's) then, at the end of the Port dropdown is [Exhaustive Search by Opening] . This scans for ports by trying to open every port number (see below). The SCANPORTS commandline option sets the highest port that will be tried.
Realterm scans by trying to open every comport number.
Realterm will scan for ports at startup if an explicit port is not given on the commandline. This can cause long delays where Bluetooth is running. The SCANPORTS commandline option sets the highest port that will be tried.When starting normally, Realterm will try to open the first existent port that it finds. (V18.104.22.168+)
When started as an ActiveX automation server, it does not open the port until explicitly requested.
Realterm will pass any requested baud rate through to Windows. Many other applications have a list of baud rates, but Realterm does not, it will request anything.
Mostly, if a baud rate is not accepted, there is no error or warning - it just does not work. Whether a baud rate will be work depends on two things Reaterm has no control over:
Microsoft says this : "For all other cases, as long as the requested baud rate is within 1 percent of the nearest baud rate that can be found with an integer divisor, the baud rate request will succeed"
The most basic PC uart has a maximum baud rate of 115,200. Any frequency of 115,200 / N, can usually be requested. More modern PC's and laptops, usually have a higher maximum baud rate of 230,400, or 460,800, or 921,600. Actual serial ports usually have a maxium that is a multiple of 115,200. Once you have found the maximum, any baud rate of <Max Baud Rate>/N should work.
USB-Serial adaptors usually have higher clock rates, and support a wider range of different rates. FTDI's usb-serial adaptors have high maximum rates, and many possible rates. See FTDI info:
If the actual PC baud rate is within 3% of your actual device baud rate, it will usually work OK. If you are using RS232 connections, modern drivers will usually work at 230kbd for short cable lengths, but are less likely to work at 460kbd, or 921kbd
The16C95X family of advanced uarts are able to support very high baud rates. They have 64byte FIFO's, which is a give away that they are in your serial card. When trying to get very high baud rates, there is an option in the hardware configuration of the uart to enable the "baud rate multiplier". This will result in higher than requested baud rates. ie the actual baud rate = requested rate * multiplier
For all versions of Windows > NT AsyncPro handles the toggling of RTS via the RTS_CONTROL_TOGGLE flag and the Windows SetCommState function. I have found other people complaining about a "significant lag" when using this flag to control RS485 devices from non-ASyncPro programs. This seems to be a problem with Windows in general and not AsyncPro in particular.Here is a quote from a user in a different forum:
"I tested the RTS_CONTROL_TOGGLE mode with RS485 devices, and I noticed that Windows has a significant delay between the end of transmission and the control of the RTS line, so this mode does not work properly with a RS485 equipment that replies "too fast" for Windows, due to a conflict between the RS422 amplifiers simultaneously active on the RS485 line. Your best bet might be to get an actual RS485 card for your windows system that handles the RTS toggle in hardware.
The TCP connections default to using Telnet protocol. However if you are connecting to a socket with raw data, you might notice that some characters (eg 0xFF) are missing or doubled up. You need to change between Telnet and Raw modes. This is not a bug!
The telnet connection lets two copies of Realterm talk to each other on the same machine. Just set the first to "server:telnet" and the second to "127.0.0.1:telnet". This is very useful for testing and experimentation.
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By defualt Realterm should be using the Hex fonts (below). The terminal can be changed from Terminal Font button. Only fixed pitch fonts show, and only some of these seem to be satisfactory. Lucidas Console and Fixedsys are good starts. Commandline options FONTNAME and FONTSIZE allow you to make a permanent change.
e.g. realterm.exe FONTNAME="lucida console" fontsize=11
Our Hex fonts are included. The Installer should install the fonts for you automatically. You can also go to the windows font installer in Control Panel to install it.
The hex font contains all 8 bit values. The non-ascii values <32 are shown as either HEX or CONTROL chars, depending on the font you select. (There are 3 different fonts in the .FNT file)
This is very useful for seeing control codes, invalid hidden codes and errors, in serial comms. It's equally useful in a programmers editor.
(Note that you won't see them in ANSI mode, as the control codes will be processed)
You can now get just the fonts from the downloads page. If you can convert these fonts for use with Linux or another OS, please do! If you would like to add a larger size to the font, please do.
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Handshake Pins and comms status can be monitored.
Handshake outputs can be controlled directly (and from the command-line, and via activeX)
The error cause is displayed when you hover the mouse over the error light.
Pin states can be set manually. Set means data flow is enabled. Note that if CTS/RTS or DTR/DSR handshaking is enabled, then you cannot control that pin from the buttons.
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Incoming data can be captured to file. The capture can automatically stop (and restart) after a certain time or number of chars. Capture files can be post-processed. Realterm can be hidden, and capture controlled from the tray icon. , popupmenu, and automation interfaces. Combine capture with filesend to make simple datalogging applications. Data lines can be Timestamped . For more about capturing from the commandline see: Do then Quit
This provides a very easy way to (say) collect serial data, and graph it live using Matlab.
It can either capture "direct" or via the terminal window. When you use DIRECT capture, the terminal window is turned off, and the echo port operation will cease. This means less processor load, screen draws etc. This is best for embedded type uses. (V18.104.22.168+ Display checkbox enables terminal in Direct mode to check data)
If you want to capture what you are seeing in the terminal, don't use Direct Capture.
Char Count and CPS (chars per sec) are displayed during capture.
The Tray Icon and main icon changes to show a red dot when it is capturing. The dot rotates as data bytes are actually being received.
Sometimes it is easier to look at binary data when it is saved as hex. So each received char is converted to two hex chars and saved to file. This option only works with Direct Capture. For best speed don't do this: capture normally, and use a binary/hex editor to examine the file
Some users leave Realterm capturing for long periods. Files can grow very large, or be unwieldy to find data in.
Restart and AutoName (V126.96.36.199+), lets Realterm begin a new file, after N secs or bytes, with the DateTime appended to the filename. Previously this was done via a batch file.
eg to capture temperature data, with a new data file automatically created every day, and the datetime suffix in filename.....
realterm capsecs=86400 capautoname=1 capfile="c:\temp\temperature_log.txt" capture=3
When the capture file is closed, it can be post processed by a batch file. (V18.104.22.168+). This could be used to:
e.g. To capture daily data and compress it:
realterm capsecs=86400 capautoname=1 capfile="c:\temp\temperature_log.txt" capture=3 capprocess="%ProgramFiles%\BEL\Realterm\Utils\postZip.bat"
RealTerm can also write LOG and TRACE files to help debugging difficult serial problems. These are completely separate from the Capture function and provided by the Turbo Async comport component. These are a reports from a dignostic queue. You can CLEAR the queue or DUMP it to a file. The Log buffer is 10000 long and Trace buffer 1000 long (V126.96.36.199). Select hex if you need to see non-printing chars. For more information see the Turbo Async Reference Guide , Chapter 2, "Debugging Facilities" (pg 33)
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(V188.8.131.52+) Timestamps can be shown in the terminal, or added into capture file.
Custom timestamp format can be set by right-click on Timestamp checkbox. (V18.104.22.168+)
Timestamping is very useful for data logging, or where you want to know when an occaisional string arrived. This is most useful for comma separated (CSV) type text data. Timestamp is triggered by CR or LF.
Unix timestamps are the number of seconds from 1/1/1970.
Matlab timestamps are floating point days since 0 Jan 0. Matlab timestamps are given to the PC's clock resolution, this should be 10ms for NT and later and 55ms for Win98 and earlier. Using Matlab timestamps should give you finer resolution than 1 second.
UnixHex is provided for convenience when all the data being captured is in hex. In this case the whole file including timestamps can be converted to decimal by the HEXCSV2DEC utility that is bundled with Realterm.
System Format (labelled YMDHS before v126.96.36.199) timestamps display the time using the system locale formatting function. This means that it varies with your preferences and place to place (month and day will swap with country). (It also has some slightly odd behavious like not including the HMS value what it is 00:00:00)
TIMESTAMP="'""'yyyy-mm-dd hh:nn:ss'""'"
Note that Unix, Matlab, and format yymmddhhnnss will sort (in data analysis). System and other customary date formats do not sort.
Timestamping also slows down file capture somewhat, so it is probably not ideal for very fast and dense data streams.
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Read the popup Hints carefully. They give lots of information especially in the Send tab!
Often you want to send special chars strings or strings repeatedly, or send them quickly.
Both ascii and binary strings can be sent. Ascii strings include python escape sequences eg \n for LF. See table below. Literal disables the escape sequences and send just the string. Sent chars aren't echoed to the terminal.
(V2) If half-duplex is set, then sent strings will be shown on the terminal. This also applies to strings/chars sent via the ActiveX interface.
When Sending ASCII, you can optionally end the line with CR and/or LF. You can also strip spaces from sent data. This is useful for the I2CChip adaptor. While it ignores spaces, they take time, and buffer space, and won't be used in the final application. (but they make it much easier to read!)
(V220.127.116.11+) Send AsHex, expects just hex, without $, 0x, h, etc. It ignores all chars that aren't hex. You can just enter hex, with commas and spaces if you want.
Commandline commands STRING1 and STRING2 push strings into the comboboxes, so you can pre-load them. SENDSTR , SENDNUM , SENDHEX , and SENDLIT will send string directly from the commandline
Python Escape sequences:
|Escape Sequence
|Backslash (
|Single quote (
|Double quote (
|ASCII Bell (BEL)
|ASCII Backspace (BS)
|ASCII Formfeed (FF)
|ASCII Linefeed (LF)
|ASCII Carriage Return (CR)
|ASCII Horizontal Tab (TAB)
|ASCII Vertical Tab (VT)
|ASCII character with octal value ooo
|ASCII character with hex value hh...
(V220.127.116.11+) Local hotkeys work throughout now. Look at the popup menu to see what local Hotkeys exist.
Global Hotkeys can be enabled from the SendStrings popupmenu. This allows F key to send the strings from anywhere in Windows - even when Realterm does not have focus or is minimised.
From the ActiveX interface you can prepopulate the Send dropdowns with strings by using the "AddCannedString" function.
The String1, String2 commandline options load strings into the dropdowns. If you want to preload lots of strings, or long strings, then use an INIFILE. (184.108.40.206+) Previous versions used SendStr, this is now used to send strings.
When you press "SendASCII " any valid backslash sequences are converted to special values in the style of Python.
If Literal is checked, then the string is sent raw. Note that the special chars must be lower case
LF (0x0A)
hex value. Also accepts \0xXX
Octal value like Python /C. 1-3 digits can be used. (Before V18.104.22.168, was decimal, NOT octal like python)
\ (backslash)
You can do this in several ways.
You can add a variety of CRC's and Checksums to the end of the send string. See the drop down list.
Modbus binary packets end with a 16bit CRC. This can be appended to each string sent.
CRC's can be sent as HEX-ASCII (V220.127.116.11+) , this is useful when they are appended to ASCII data. eg NMEA.
NMEA packages the ascii message string with $ ... *
You can dump a file directly to the port. Files are sent raw , the exact bytes in the file are sent out. There is no "protocol" and just sends everything. (versions before 1.14 swallowed ^Z / 0x1A). Hex values, python/c style backslash sequences etc are NOT converted to anything, just sent literal.
If you want to send binary values you need to create your file with a binary or hex editor. eg Frhed , wxHexEditor , MultiEdit
Two delay settings are provided to add delays after each char, and at the end of each line. (EOL is denoted by CR at present). This affects file dump, but not sending char sequences above.
You can set the number of repeats, and the delay after sending the file, .
These are particularly useful from the commandline for data logging, when combined with capture.
For example you can make a simple, one line file that commands a multimeter to read a voltage. Set repeats to 0, so it will loop for ever, and delay to 1000ms, and Capture. Now the data will be read to file every 1 second.
Using Capture and SendFile from the commandline, you can log data and control intruments directly from the commandline, without extra software.
realterm.exe senddly=10000 sendrep=0 sendfile=commands.txt capture=results.txt
This will send "commands.txt" endlessly, with a 10sec pause between sends, and capture the replies to "results.txt". This is all you need to do to turn (say) and RS232 multimeter into a datalogger.
(V184.108.40.206) The TIMESTAMP option can be used to prepend a timestamp to each line. This is most useful for CSV type text data. See capture section
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I2C, SPI, 1-Wire and other Serial buses can be read using the I2CChip products "I2C2PC" and the "BL233B" IC. Realterm cannot read I2C without these external devices. It cannot use printer ports, the PC's SMBUS interface etc.
The provides a USB/RS232 interface to 3 I2C buses. Realterm is an easy way to use it. Using the ActiveX interface you can easily send strings from excel or other apps. Using the Echo port provides a way to make hardware devices that can be controlled over the internet.
Common commands you want to send to play with the adaptor are provided by the controls. Using this you can quickly try out an I2C adaptor or 1-wire device.
Control various special I2C chips: BL301, PCA9544, PCA9545,MAX127,
The main I2C tab has controls to select one of the serial buses.
Refer to the datasheet for the BL233B chip used, where its commands are detailed.
Note that you can use it with SPI, Dallas 1-wire, and other serial IC's, as well as I2C
The I2C-2 tab has controls to support a number of common IC's. The MAX127 12Bit Precision ADC and PCA9545 Bus Switch/multiplexor are available as standard modules fromI2CChip
The tab has support for non-I2C devices:
The main port can be passed through or echoed to the Echo Port. This is partcularly useful when the echoport is a TCP port. This allows a real serial port to be aliased across the network. (the echo port can be a real comm port too)
Lets say the remote (unattended) machine (192.168.0.99) has a datalogger connected to COM1. It runs Realterm at startup with a command line like this:
realterm -port=1 -baud=9600 -echo=server:9876 -caption=Mirror_Multimeter_To_Internet
ie realterm connects to the datalogger on COM1 at 9600 bd, and presents a telnet server on port 9876 (or any other suitable number).
On the local (attended) machine run a copy of Realterm like this:
realterm -port=192.168.0.99:9876
This makes a telnet connection to the remote machine. Now you can sit at your desk, and control and monitor the remote serial device.
Note that as Realterm has a full ActiveX interface, you can use Windows remote DCOM to start,stop and control the remote Realterm, as well as the local copy.
When there is a connection, chars are echoed. When the connection is broken, or the buffers are full for some reason, it simply stops attempting to echo chars. When the connection is broken, the server end just waits for another connection. At the client end, the port need to be manully restarted.
If you are using the activeX interface you can check the open property to see if the link is up, and use it to re-establish a dropped link.
The Monitor checkbox lets the terminal window display both sides of the conversation (ie both the data received through the ain port, and the echo port)
When a telnet/winsock connection is being echoed to a physical comport, we can use one of the comports handshake output lines (DTR,RTS) to signal a remote system whether winsock is connected. You must make sure that this doesn't interfere with the operation of the handshake lines. (ie use DTR for signalling if you are using RTS/CTS handshaking for flow control)
Echo port an connect a physical port to the newtwork. However if you want to connect other software on your PC, you need Virtual Comports. See http://com0com.sourceforge.net Com0Com
. Com0Com can make vcp's with numbered ports - Realterm can use these, and named ports which RT cannot use.
Com0Com can also make 3 and N way connections that can be used to create a tap that RT can connect to, for monitoring.
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Realterm has two ways to monitor serial communications, and let you see the RXD and TXD data interleaved in the same terminal window:
Spy mode allows you to monitor the communications between a program running on your PC and the com device, by installing a device driver to intercept the port messages,
Spy mode must be activated before opening the comport, and the comport must be closed before spy mode can be released. Spy button is on the port tab.
Note that you cannot currently capture the spy mode. However you can copy and paste from the terminal window.
Monitor mode is useful to monitor communications between external devices by connecting to the RS232 cable.
The Echo port can be used to give you a second receiver. The data is put into the terminal screen, in a different color. Now you can see both sides of the conversation.
The interleaving on screen, only shows you when the data arrived at Realterms handlers. The indeterminate delays in Windows mean that you can't rely on the sequence being exactly as it happened. Obviously with slow data, or decent gaps between send and receive, it will work better than with very fast data streams.
You need a special adaptor with 2 plugs for the PC's 2 serial ports. Only connect RXD and GND on those plugs at the PC end.
You can select both Echo and Monitor. Now Realterm echos as normal, but the terminal window displays the data from both directions.
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The command line is morphing into a general purpose Command system. You can run INIFILEs, send commands to running isntances with first, and execute commands from ActiveX/COM using DoCommands. Future versions will allow command strings and hotkeys.
Realterm doesn't save its settings. Instead it is set up from either the command line, for basic setups, or using its extensive ActiveX interface. It is also possible to send commands to a running instance of Realterm from the commandline. (fix 184.108.40.206+)
These examples show the command-line params you can use. Generally they set the corresponding widgets. For radiobuttons and checkboxes, a number selects the state. For booleans (eg visible) use either 1 or 0. (n.b. No "/" or "-" before parameters). Double-quotes enclose values with spaces or other control characters eg \. Double quotes inside strings are possible (V220.127.116.11+) eg send1="abc=""def"""
For complicated settings, a file of parameters can be loaded using INIFILE, and settings generated and saved from the "INI File" button on the Misc tab. (V188.8.131.52+). When debugging problems, the View Params button will show what Realterm actually received on its commandline.
Set the baud rate. Non standard baudrates are fine
Port or IP
sets the port.
Port or IP
Sets the port, exits if port does not exist or can't open
Sets DataBits,Parity,StopBits. eg DATA=7E1 DataBits is 8-5, Parity is None,Even,Odd,Mark,Space, StopBits 1-2
terminal frame size. Interacts with COLS. Use one or other
name of the capture file to use
Length of capture in bytes (either CAPCOUNT or CAPSECS)
Time of capture in SECS. (-ve values makes it quit as soon as idle or until timeout).
If using SENDQUIT, then waits this time after send finishes, before stopping capture. See SENDQUIT. (V188.8.131.52+)
Capture starts immediately. Stops at count OR secs. Can use CAPTURE=filename
Capture=0 is off; 1 is ON; 2 is APPEND; 3 is RESTART
|Append DateTime to filenames. Used with RESTART for logging (V18.104.22.168+)
|Set Capture Post-Processing batch file (V126.96.36.199+)
Capture (as above), but program quits when capture ends. If you manually stop capture, then Autoquit is cancelled. Can use CAPQUIT=filename
Capture as Hex ie turns all chars to a 2 char hex value.
Capture Direct checkbox
Delim char
Set timestamp delimiter eg TSDELIMITER=%
0-5, <format >
During capture, Prepends a timestamp to each line. Only works in text files with EOL character. A custom format string can be used (v126.96.36.199+)
starts hidden, only tray-icon is visible. 0=Hidden,1=Visible
sets the display format (ascii, hex,int etc). eg DISPLAY=5
Put before other display params such as COLS
(v126.96.36.199+) -ve values for signed int eg DISPLAY=-8 for Int16
set big-endian checkbox
Sets hardware flow control mode. FLOW=X to enable XON/XOFF mode or Flow=N+8 for RX-XOn, +4 for TX XON or use flow twice FLOW=1 FLOW=X. Xon/off: +8=TX, +4=RX. eg FLOW=10 is RTS/CTS+RX-Xon/off. Also you can use R or RTSCTS or D or DTSDSR
sets RTS pin
sets DTR pin
Starts with port closed (default is open)
Selects the opening tabsheet by name or tab number (case in-sensitive)
Sets the echo port, and enables echoing
Set the baud rate for echo port.
Sets Echoport DataBits,Parity,StopBits. (not working properly yet)
Sets HALF Duplex
Sets window caption (can't accept spaces, use underscores). See caution below if using with FIRST
|Sends the file immediately. (capture started before sending starts)
Just set send filename.(V22.214.171.124+)
|Hide Controls and expand terminal window to full screen.
(depreciated V3) Show controls.
|Monitor Echo port RX onto terminal
|Sets delay (in ms) after each character when sending files and strings
|Sets delay (in ms) after each line when sending files and strings
|Set number of cols. (n.b. FRAMESIZE interacts with this, use COLS last)
|set delay (in ms) after file is sent, until next send begins. If Send Delay is set, SENDREP will be set to 0.
|set number of times file will be sent. 0 sends for ever. Should follow after SENDDLY
|quit when sendfile ends.If you manually stop send, then Autoquit is cancelled. Can use SENDQUIT=filename
|DEPRECIATED (V184.108.40.206-30) Use STRING1, STRING2
. Loads "string" into the Send String comboboxes. Can be called more than once to load more strings. Does not send the string unless sent to a running instance using FIRST (see below)
CHANGED (V18.104.22.168+) Sends to port as escaped ASCII. Puts in STRING1
|send string as NUMBERS (see SENDSTR above)
|send string as HEX (V184.108.40.206+)
|send string as Literal (V188.8.131.52+)
|send CR after string (sets for following strings)
|send LF after string
Should be first param
with the same Caption / Window Title
If only parameter, stops more than one instance running. Brings FIRST instance of realterm to front, and quits. Note this finds running instance by the window title (CAPTION) see details below.
|sets Newline Mode checkbox. See CRLF for enter key
|Spy mode. Port you are spying on must be closed when starting. Be sure to specify the port on the command line with port=X when using this.
|(obsolete) realterm scans for actual comports by trying to open them all.This can cause problems with Bluetooth serial devices, because it takes a while before the OS can say that a port is not there. This option can be used to suppress scanning
|set the I2C Address. Should be hex string eg "0x40"
|Same as F1 key
|Only used by installer for post-install special messages and behaviour.
|Enable Scrollback. Just SCROLLBACK enables, =0 disables; =N Sets SCROLLBACK lines=N (-ve disables)
|Terminal colors are set by a sting of color chars. The sequence is: Kbd,Port,SendStr,SpyTX,SpyRX,Background
Default is 'RYLRYK' see Terminal Colors
|Sets format string for HexCSV formatting. (when implemented) will set the capture formatting sting to the same.
|Sets winsock to raw or telnet
|As above for Echo port
|Load commandline parameters from a file. One param per line. (V22.214.171.124+)
INIFILE is loaded after commandline has been processed. INIFILE can also be passed to a running instance by FIRST.
|Show a messagebox, normally at startup. Prompt user e.g. "Plug in Voltmeter"
|Scale the whole application (so you can make it bigger on high pixel screens).0 or Auto will scale to fill screen (V18.104.22.168+)
|Set the WindowState NORMal,MINimized,MAXimized,FULLscreen.
Fullscreen is especially useful for small tablets.
|Sets the various ClearTerminalONxxx Checkboxes. Value is sum of 1=DisplayChange, 2=PortChange, 4=PortOpen
just CLEAR sent from remote will clear the terminal
|Pushes strings into SendString comboboxes on Send tab. Can be called more than once to push more strings into the combobox. (V126.96.36.199+). Replaces SendStr.
|Set CRLF checkbox. ENTER key send CRLF instead of CR
|These are the fontnames shown in the Terminal Font dialog.
|Size will probably need to be set after setting font.
|Binary Sync IS select mode. (V18.104.22.168+) Put this after DAT,AND,XOR
|Binary Sync data string
|Leading Sync
|Show Count. Num chars to show after sync. -1 is show to end of line
|Load Keymap for VT100/ANSI emulation (V188.8.131.52+)
|Load Keymap for other emulators (ASCII, HEX etc)
|Set CRC type on Send tab. 0=none, -ve=HEX. Can use twice to set, but turn CRC off. eg CRC=-3 CRC=0 (v184.108.40.206+)
|Does nothing. Output by INI writer, so you can see what version of Realterm made the file. This is useful for debugging when parameter behaviour changes with a new version.
|Register / remove ActiveX COM Server. Done by installer, but you may need to do this when changing versions etc.
Hints: Parameters that put a string into a drop down (eg SendStr, SendNum, HexCSV), can be called multiple times to push more than a single value into the drop down.
eg realterm.exe hexcsv=uv hexcsv=st hexcsv=ab
If you are doing batch file automation, you will often want Realterm to do something (e.g. send a file), then quit.
Realterm has SENDQUIT, CAPQUIT, and PORTQUIT commands.
CAPQUIT can capture either CAPSECS seconds of data, or CAPCOUNT characters, then quit.
SENDQUIT sends files then quit. When capturing Realterm will continue the capture after the file send for up to 1 second if chars are still coming in.
realterm port=\vcp0 flow=2 capture=infile.txt sendquit=outfile.txt
If the return data is going to take longer to complete, then you can use CAPSECS with SENDQUIT to force the time after sending ends, until capture stops. If CAPSECS is -ve, then it will keep capturing until the input goes idle, to a max of capsecs.(V184.108.40.206+) Note that if nothing is happening it will quit quicker - capsecs sets the capture time, not the idle time.
So below, the capture will remain open, until the flow stops, (for a max of 5 seconds open):
realterm port=\vcp0 flow=2 capture=infile.txt capsecs=-5 sendquit=outfile.txt
And here capture will remain open for 20 seconds regardless:
realterm port=\vcp0 flow=2 capture=infile.txt capsecs=20 sendquit=outfile.txt
When you are calling Realterm within a batch file, you will normally want the batch file to pause until Realterm exits. You must use the batch command START with the /WAIT parameter for this to happen.
start "Reading I2C EEProm" /wait realterm.exe port=\vcp0 flow=2 capture=infile.srec sendquit=CmdFile.i2c
When you look at the examples, you will see that I tend to set environment variables for the names of the files, ports, and Realterm itself. So it looks more like this...
start "Reading I2C EEProm" /wait %RT% port=%ComPort% flow=2 capture=%TempFileName%.srec sendquit=%CmdFileName%
When testing USB devices via batch file, there are two problems that arise.
PORTQUIT quits the program with an error code, if the port is not able to be opened. This allows your batch file to retry until the port is open or timeout. See examples
In batch files you may need to check for error exits (using errorlevel)
type TExitCode=(excNormal=0,
(V220.127.116.11+). The first instance must be started with FIRST=1 now [security improvement].
If the sending instance shows an error message that it is blocked the try starting the first instance with realterm.exe first=2. This unblocks the UIPI protection.(V220.127.116.11+)
which has the same CAPTION / Window Title , and the second instance will terminate. This allows you to pass many of the above parameters (not all will do anything), and some special ones below. Note that Windows Scripting/ActiveX is a better way to do complicated tasks.
realterm.exe first LF send1="S42F0"
Quits Realterm
same as Quit
Start/stop capture. 1 starts capture; 0 stops; filename starts and sets filename
start/stop send file
"string "
send string out.
(<V18.104.22.168 only when sent to running instance)
send CR after string (sets for following strings)
send LF after string
"numeric string "
send numeric string as binary (only when sent to a running instance)
The caption (window title) is used to find the running instance see caveat below if you use this to change it.
When you change the caption of the first instance, subsequently the control instance must be given the same caption.
realterm.exe first caption="New Realterm" //now the running instance has a new title
realterm.exe caption="New Realterm" first DisplayAs=5 //so now we also have to change the controller instance to be able to find it next time.
FIRST mechanism uses the window name, and this disappears when the window is hidden (but minimsed windows are OK)
The best idea is to create a special shortcut for each setup you want to use, and set the params in its properties. If you need other parameters added, contact us.
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RealTerm is an out-of-process server. Use a property browser (eg from excel or delphi) to see what it can do. (must be registered first run: REALTERM /REGSERVER)
(V184.108.40.206+) The DoCommands method makes all commandline parameters available to ActiveX/COM user. If the ActX lacks a command, check the commandline.
You can launch Realterm from another application, eg matlab ,excel , VB,OpenOffice , delphi. Alternatively use windows scripting, and write a simple .SCP file to launch and control it. You could even launch it from a web page to use as telnet client!
This should be done automatically when you run the installer. Sometimes this fails, or perhaps you don't have the right permissions under XP or Vista.
If you get EOleError messages, you need to run the command window (CMD) as administrator.
In Windows 7, search for CMD in the start menu. ctrl+right-mouse on CMD.EXE, and you get an administrator command window.
It has many problems. The best thing about using RealTerm is that you can see exactly what is happening when you want. Save yourself time and headaches. If you don't want people to see RealTerm, you can completely hide it.
(<V220.127.116.11)Trying to open a port that is non-existent or has some other problem, results in an error, and Realterm exits.
(V3.21+) Errors are trapped, and Realterm does not exit. After opening the port, check the PortOpen property to see if it succeeded. The LastErrorMessage property is a multiline string you can examine or display. On the Misc tab, the Show Last Error button allows you to display it manually to help with debugging.
Windows has one big problem for users of binary data. Strings are null-terminated . ie they end with 0x00. Amazing as it seems, you can't pass a string containing char 0 (0x00) through the activeX interface.
Putstring can send any 8 bit chars except 0. If you need to send char 0 to an application use the Putchar function.
(v3+) Putstring(String,SendAs) has optional SendAs parameter so you can send ASCII Escaped strings (SendAs=1) or Numeric strings (SendAs=2) or Hex strings (V220.127.116.11+), the same as the send tab. All of these will send "123 <linefeed>". (v188.8.131.52+) Putstring(String,SendAs,CRCType ) adds CRC to end of string. See CRC parameter
RT.PutString('123\n', 1);
RT.PutString('49 50 51 10', 2); //numeric strings
RT.PutString('31,3233 0A', 3); //saHex ignores all non hex chars
RT.PutString('27.67Volts', 0, -1); //add SMBUS8 CRC to end in HEX
N.B in Excel macros note:
RT.clsRT.PutString "DEAD", saHex //WORKS
RT.clsRT.PutString("DEAD", saHex) //DOES NOT WORK
From Matlab From Excel
With the ActiveX interface you can get data in several ways:
Note that the capture file interface is mature, thoroughly tested and reliable.
Many languages include a browsing tool to examine the properties and methods of the COM interface. Many properties and methods have help comments that you can see. Use the browser tool.
One free tool to do this is ActiveX/COM Inspector from Oakland Software
Browsing the interface will show you how it actually is , as this page may be out of date.
Some languages might want the type library (.tlb). If you need it, it is part of the source package in the installer.
Open Realterm using a property editor/browser. Or open the typelibrary (.tlb) or the realterm_tlb.pas file, which are in the source directory.
(V18.104.22.168+) The DoCommands method makes all commandline parameters available to ActiveX/COM user.
property TimerPeriod: Integer dispid 1;
property EnableTimerCallbacks: WordBool dispid 2;
property CaptureFile: WideString dispid 3;
property Capture: EnumCaptureMode dispid 4;
property baud: Integer dispid 5;
property Port: WideString dispid 6;
property PortOpen: WordBool dispid 7;
property CaptureCountForCallback: Integer dispid 8;
property EnableCaptureCallbacks: WordBool dispid 9;
procedure Close; dispid 10;
procedure StartCapture; dispid 11;
procedure StartCaptureAppend; dispid 12;
procedure StopCapture; dispid 13;
property FrameSize: Integer dispid 14;
property DisplayAs: Integer dispid 15;
property CPS: Integer dispid 17;
property WindowState: EnumWindowState dispid 18;
property Caption: WideString dispid 19;
property Visible: WordBool dispid 20;
property CaptureEnd: Integer dispid 21;
property CaptureEndUnits: EnumUnits dispid 23;
procedure PutString(const S: WideString; SendAs: EnumPutStringAs); dispid 22;
function SelectTabSheet(const TabCaption: WideString): WordBool; dispid 25;
function DiskFree(Drive: Integer): Double; dispid 24;
property CaptureTimeLeft: Integer readonly dispid 26;
procedure PutChar(C: Byte); dispid 27;
function DiskSize(Drive: Integer): Double; dispid 29;
property EchoPort: WideString dispid 31;
property EchoPortOpen: WordBool dispid 32;
property HalfDuplex: WordBool dispid 33;
property HideControls: WordBool dispid 34;
property Parity: WideString dispid 35;
property DataBits: Integer dispid 36;
property StopBits: Integer dispid 37;
property EchoParity: WideString dispid 39;
property EchoDataBits: Integer dispid 40;
property EchoStopBits: Integer dispid 41;
property FlowControl: Integer dispid 42;
property EchoFlowControl: Integer dispid 43;
property CharDelay: Integer dispid 44;
property LineDelay: Integer dispid 45;
property Rows: Integer dispid 46;
property SendFileDelay: Integer dispid 47;
property SendFileRepeats: Integer dispid 48;
property SendFile: WideString dispid 49;
property Send: WordBool dispid 50;
procedure ClearTerminal; dispid 51;
property MonitorOn: WordBool dispid 52;
property LinefeedIsNewline: WordBool dispid 53;
procedure NewlineTerminal; dispid 54;
property DTR: WordBool dispid 56;
property CaptureDirect: WordBool dispid 57;
function AddCannedSendString(const SendString: WideString; ControlNum: Integer): WordBool; dispid 58;
property Version: WideString readonly dispid 59;
procedure TimeStamp(Style: Integer; Delimiter: Byte); dispid 201;
procedure EnableDataTrigger(
procedure OnTimer; dispid 1;
procedure OnCaptureStop; dispid 3;
function OnDataTrigger(Index: Integer; Timeout: WordBool; Data: OleVariant; Size: Integer;
property LastErrorMessage: WideString readonly dispid 207;
property Scale: Integer dispid 208;
property Winsock: Integer dispid 209;
procedure DoCommands(const CommandLine: WideString); dispid 210;
There are several special enumerations used, eg for putstring. If you need to explicitly use the number for these (eg some versions of Matlab), they are here:
EnumCaptureMode = TOleEnum;
cmOff = $00000000;
cmOn = $00000001;
EnumWindowState = TOleEnum;
wsNormal = $00000000;
wsMinimized = $00000001;
wsMaximized = $00000002;
wsFullScreen = $00000003;
EnumUnits = TOleEnum;
Bytes = $00000000;
Secs = $00000001;
EnumPutStringAs = TOleEnum;
saASCII = $00000001;
saNumbers = $00000002;
saHex = $00000003;
(V184.108.40.206+) Realterm can send events to an application. From the Events tab you can manually trigger events, to make it easier to test your software interface. The Events tab is only visible when Realterm started as an ActiveX. (But there is a "Show Events Tab" button on the misc tab)
Events usually have an associated property to enable them. By default they are disabled, so you will need to explicitly enable them before anything happens.
The Timer is a utility. It does nothing within Realterm, ie it only provides callbacks to your application. This exists as some languages do not have a convenient timer arrangement.
DataTrigger is new, (fixed: V220.127.116.11+), the interface may change in future. Note that when you are capturing a lot of data, or the data rate is high, using the a capture file is probably a better approach than Data Triggers.
procedure OnTimer; dispid 1;
procedure OnCaptureCount; dispid 2;
procedure OnCaptureStop; dispid 3;
procedure OnDataTrigger(Index: Integer; Timeout: WordBool; Data: OleVariant; Size: Integer; Reenable: WordBool); dispid 201;
There are several properties and methods to control the events:
property TimerPeriod: Integer
property EnableTimerCallbacks: WordBool
procedure EnableDataTrigger(Index: Integer); dispid 202;
procedure DisableDataTrigger(Index: Integer);dispid 203;
const EndString: WideString; PacketSIze: Integer; Timeout: Integer;
AutoEnable: WordBool; IgnoreCase: WordBool; IncludeStrings: WordBool);
When Realterm has been started as an ActiveX/COM server, there will be an event tab. On this are controls to manully send the various events. This makes testing your code very much easier, as you can getting the event handler going, without having to get the actual serial data working at the same time.
(V126.96.36.199+) Excel get events, and new example included in examples dir.
For some reasons events are visible to C#, Matlab and others, but not to Excel, Internet Explorer and some others. A special wrapper DLL has been created that can be used. Install Realterm_18.104.22.168_Signed_Wrapper_setup.exe or later, and it will be automatically installed.
V3.0.0.XXX Signed Wrapper is not tested with these versions yet - please test.
To see an example of web pages that use the wrapper and V188.8.131.52 from IE10, see: and the library that calls Realterm at http://www.i2cchip.com/i2c_front_panels/commonFuncLib.js
(Obviously) only Internet Explorer supports ActiveX interfaces, you cannot control Realterm from Chrome or Firefox.
WaitForDataTrigger was provided for programs that cannot use callbacks. See below.
OnCaptureCount and OnCaptureStop are provided to work with capture.
OnCaptureCount is used with the properties CharCount and CaptureCountForCallback.
OnCaptureEvent is fired when CharCount>=CaptureCountForCallback. At the end of the event handler you should update CaptureCountForCallback to a new value. Otherwise the event will not happen again. Alternatively it is possible to clear CharCount.
The default trigger is a LF character at the end of line. So it is ideal to capture ascii data lines eg from the I2C2PC adaptor.
Before using Data Triggers you should enable them.
All the methods include an index, to support multiple triggers in future. At present there is only 1 data trigger and index is ignored. Index should be set to 1.
Data triggers can be automatically re-enabled or manually re-enabled.
In your OnDataTrigger handler you can reenable the trigger by setting Reenable.
DataTriggerSet is used to configure the trigger from the COM interface. The Events tab also has a button to edit these settings.
The TrayIcon changes to Yellow when Data Triggers or Binary Sync Matches occur.
Timeout numbers are in "ticks" (18ms)
The Events tab will show when Realterm is started as an ActiveX/COM.
You can manually display it using the "show Events Tab" button on the misc tab.
Now you can edit and tests the trigger. The light will flash when a trigger is matched.
This function is provided for convenience. It is a blocking function. This means that your application will completely stall while it waits.
This is poor programming practice, and not recommended. But sometimes it is the only way.
function WaitforDataTrigger(Timeout: Integer): WideString;
Don't rely on the defaults when using ActiveX (eg baud rate). These may change with different revisions.
Do: Close the port, make all changes, open the port, check port open, if not open, check LastErrorMessage.
Port opening is trapped for errors and won't bring up error dialogs or throw errors. Other functions may.
This is only a snapshot when this web page was written. Always check your actual version using a browser, as new functions are always being added. If you need other parameters added, contact us.
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Realterm has useful utilities in the utils directory.
These utility files are very helpful adjuncts to testing batch files with Realterm.
The UNXUTILS package has many command line utils taken from the unix/linux world.
CHOICE Prompts in batch files. Also useful to put in a pause, as it can timeout.
CTEXT Colorise text output in batch file. makes test batch files more readable
SLEEP pause batch files for time
CMP File compare which returns an error code (native windows one does not, so can't be used)
SED Modifies/search-replace in files. Useful to convert hex files to i2c eeprom programming commands, as well as remving whole lines eg keep 1 of N, remove 1st and last lines etc
NOWSTR Returns date/time as a string. Used to put date/time into filenames
CMDOW Control Window states eg batch files used for capture post-processing are launched minimised/hidden, and must be shown before any error messages can be seen. Also use to minimise or hide batch files while running.
SRECORD Convert/check/manipulate hex data files, S19, Inhex and everything else
POSTZIP.BAT Example capture post-processing batch file
This command line utility is installed with Realterm and is normally found at:
"c:\Program Files\BEL\Realterm\HexCSV2DEC.exe"
With no parameters it will display its help.
It converts a file of hexadecimal data values to decimal. Unlike some other hex2dec utilitys it converts the binary format of the hex into decimal numbers. It is especially useful to convert a file of hex captured by reading I2C data with the I2C2PC and BL233, into useful decimal numbers.
HexCSV2DEC V0.3
(c)2008 Broadcast Equipment Ltd http://www.i2cchip.com
Converts HEX in CSV files to Decimal CSV files
Command Line may have these forms:
HexCSV2DEC <InFile> <OutFile>
HexCSV2DEC <InFile>
HexCSV2DEC -<option> <InFile> <OutFile>
Uses stdin, stdout if <file> is omitted
Only valid UPPERCASE hex substrings will be converted
Quoted strings, and non-hex data is passed through unchanged EXCEPT
explicit decimal/bcd strings can be passed though by preceding with "d"
eg "d1234" will be passed through as "1234"
Floats (numbers with a decimal point) will pass through
Default is Big Endian, Unsigned
Precede hex with the special explicit chars to override the default
"s" signed big endian eg "s8000"
"u" unsigned big endian eg "u8000"
"t" signed little endian eg "t0080"
"v" unsigned little endian eg "v0080"
"f" IEEE Floating point big endian (4byte singles only)
"g" IEEE Floating Point little endian
"b" Binary (only big endian)
"a" ASCII Chars
The first parameter can be options -s,-u,-t,-v to set the default format
eg HEXCSV2DEC -s <infile> <outfile> Convert hex as signed bigendian
Alternatively it can be a series of format chars for each hex substring
eg HEXCSV2DEC -sufbd <infile> <outfile> Convert hex using format string
This returns Now as a string. It is useful to make filenames that contain the current date and time. eg to capture data to a file with a unique name including the time of capture:
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Realterm can has buttons for RESET and POWER if you are using the BEL Dual PIC Programmer .
Its watches the RB7 line.
This makes it easy to control a serial PIC when you are using ICP.
If you are using NT/2K/XP you need to install the DLPORTIO driver using its install program.
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The current source code for your version is in the installer and will be installed in the "source" subdirectory. It is easy to recompile for specific setups.
You will need additional components. Async4.07 and Systools are on sourceforge. Other components are on the Download page.
V3.x is compiled with Delphi XE2 and Apro 4.07
V2.x is compiled with Delphi 7 and Apro 4.06 library (now free on Sourceforge)
Version 1.x was compiled with Delphi 3 and used the turbopower Async 2.11 library.
Realterm has been tested with Wine
1.0, Opensuse 11.0, Realterm 18.104.22.168.
A cursory test with Com1, running as root, was successful. If you have tried this with a recent version, please report your result.
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The translation component is not currently working, however if you would like to volunteer, I keep a list for the day it is working. Translators are wanted for all languages. I am not sure if this version will work with non-european languages.
Email if you can help: email@example.com
If you are using Realterm in your company, please drop me a lineso I can include your company below...
PIC Programmer Windows/Linux:
Embarcadero : who make it all possible. V3 is built with Delphi XE2
Realterm is now Code Signed, so it can install and run freely, many thanks for the many Donations that make this possible.
Thanks to Mitchell at KSoftware
whose certificates are affordable, and who sorted out authentication difficulties with the obstructive folk at Comodo. (SSL certs for your website too).
(fyi: PDF's can also be signed to tamper-proof them.)
The latest version of a program isn't always the one you want. Sometimes it works differently, or isn't as stable as an older one. If installing an old version you may need to start it as Administrator the forst time.
Old Installers
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text:
SUPERMARKET chain Coles continues to drive profits at Perth-based conglomerate Wesfarmers in the midst of a collapse in coal prices that has slashed earnings in its resources division and prolonged operational issues at retailer Target, which has suffered a large drop in profitability.
Wesfarmers yesterday posted a 9.3 per cent jump in half-year net profit to $1.285 billion as revenue from its portfolio of businesses, which are heavily weighted towards the supermarkets group Coles, rose 3.2 per cent to $30.6 billion.
Masking a 63 per cent drop in pre-tax earnings at Wesfarmers coal-dominated resources division was another strong performance from Coles, with the supermarket chain now accounting for 60 per cent of Wesfarmers revenue for the half and roughly 40 per cent of pre-tax earnings.
Coles recorded pre-tax earnings of $755 million, up 15.1 per cent. This was three times the rate of revenue growth. Return on capital increased 100 basis points to 9.2 per cent in the half.
Wesfarmers said that during the half, it recorded strong pre-tax earnings at its Coles, Bunnings and Kmart operations with a turnaround in the insurance division compensating for reduced earnings at Target and the resources division.
The company said it would pay an interim dividend of 77¢ per share, up from 70¢ paid for the same time last year, and remained cautiously optimistic for the group's second-half outlook despite continuing economic and market uncertainty which is expected to give rise to continued challenging conditions in the resources and industrial safety divisions.
"We expect growth from the group's retail businesses as we further improve customer offers and operating efficiencies, and strengthen all of our channels to market," managing director Richard Goyder said.
The half-year result was in line with analyst expectations of a half-year profit of around $1.2 billion, although the interim dividend was slightly ahead of some estimates with some analysts tipping a dividend of 75¢ per share.
The prospect of further gains in retail helped push Wesfarmers shares 1.2 per cent higher at $38.88.
Mr Goyder said he expected the company's retail portfolio to provide resilience and growth in an overall challenging consumer environment. However, its general merchandise business Target continued to suffer, with its earnings falling 20.4 per cent to $148 million.
Mr Goyder said new management at Target was working to improve the business with early initiatives showing some signs of repairing the group's performance. Its performance was in stark contrast to merchandise stablemate Kmart which again shot the lights out on its first-half result, with pre-tax earnings up 24.9 per cent to $246 million.
"The earnings growth achieved at Coles and Kmart was pleasing, reflecting the ongoing turnaround of these businesses and a strong customer response to their improving offers," Mr Goyder said.
"Higher costs associated with Target's transformation plan weighed on its earnings during the half.
"While trading results in the half provided encouragement for the divisions strategy, Target remains in the early phases of its transformation."
Hardware business Bunnings had interim pre-tax earnings of $518 million, up 6.8 per cent for the half.
The insurance division recorded earnings of $104 million, $87 million above the prior corresponding period, while its chemicals, energy and fertilisers division posted earnings of $104 million, up 5.1 per cent.
Fired-up Coles delivers the goods for Wesfarmers
SUPERMARKET chain Coles continues to drive profits at Perth-based conglomerate Wesfarmers in the midst of a collapse in coal prices that has slashed earnings in its resources division and prolonged operational issues at retailer Target, which has suffered a large drop in profitability.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Welcome Back, Phillies Offense
It was so nice of the Phillies offense to stop by Citizens Bank Park for a visit on Wednesday night. I do hope they stay awhile.
After scoring only 8 runs in their first 4 games of the season combined, it was very encouraging to see the Phils pick up 7 more last night. And there is never a better time to start swinging the bats than when Roy Halladay is on the mound.
Through 7 innings, the Doc allowed just one run in his typical, filet-the-fish style against the Marlins. Chad Qualls and Mike Stutes finished off the win for Halladay in the 8th and 9th.
But this is what we expect from Halladay. What we have not been able to anticipate, going all the way back to last season, is whether or not the Phillies offense would decide to show up. But in the 3rd inning, the Phils finally found a pitcher they could hit. Oddly enough, that wound up being Marlins ace Josh Johnson.
The 11 hits Johnson suffered from the Phillies was a career high. 5 Phillies had multi-hits game with Hunter Pence leading the pack with 3 hits and an RBI. But the big RBI star of the night was a rookie. With only the second hit of his career, and to the chants of "Freddy! Freddy!" from the crowd, Freddy Galvis smashed a 2-run double.
Galvis' first career hit this past Monday was also a 2-run double. So he is now 2-for-2 in 2 run, 2 base hits. If the only hits he gets all year are 2-run doubles, that would be ok by me…as long as he does it at least once a game, of course ;o)
The big question now is, will the Phillies offense return again tonight against Mark Buehrle or was this one game just a freak accident? Game time is 7:05pm.
"LIKE" us on Facebook for more updates & photos!
Photoshopping by Jenn Zambri Photography


text:
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text:
OOPS! we were hacked! our source code was stolen!
OMG!! It's all over pirate bay! sorry!
In other words, legally say "Blizzard.... Go To Hell."
OOPS! we were hacked! our source code was stolen!
OMG!! It's all over pirate bay! sorry!
In other words, legally say "Blizzard.... Go To Hell."
Except, it's not legal if MDY claims this happens in court, when in reality the story is a bit fabricated.
Also, doing so before the court has a chance to accept or deny Blizzard's request may not help MDY's case at all, and end up costing them.
Except, it's not legal if MDY claims this happens in court, when in reality the story is a bit fabricated.
Also, doing so before the court has a chance to accept or deny Blizzard's request may not help MDY's case at all, and end up costing them.
as if this hasn't stopped the MAFIAA from engaging in en masse RICO violations using the same tactics.
It's very hard to prove intent.
Select a "fall guy" to "leak" the code to pirate bay, let him get his finances in (legally unassailable) order, and away you go.
OOPS! we were hacked! our source code was stolen!
OMG!! It's all over pirate bay! sorry!
In other words, legally say "Blizzard.... Go To Hell."
Well are you not a swell guy or what??? So what do you say to the guy that is NOT cheating? "Hey that is your problem, you oughta cheat too" This code sucks and people that develop it suck as well. They are people that do not believe rules are for them. Why don't they just go write ther own Open source versions of WoW and play with themselves. I want to play the game WITHOUT having to resort to cheat.
This code sucks and people that develop it suck as well. They are people that do not believe rules are for them.
You would make an excellent agent... Mister Anderson.
How about Blizzard just fixes their software not not allow cheating?
How about Blizzard just fixes their software not not allow cheating?
They do this all the time, and people are often banned for using cheats. WowGlider used to actively probe resident memory for the values of variables but now WoW checks for such activity, so Glider sacrificed accuracy for stealth by only passively watching memory and controlling the character based on various criteria. In the eyes of WoW's anti-cheating scheme, Glider really does appear to be ordinary user input - especially when the user stays at they keyboard, occasionally doing some human-like stuff such as chatting with friends.
It's not a *fix*, it's a design flaw.
From my experience as a MMO designer, battling automated play is actually a huge design problem. In many cases you don't want to do it by changing the code because the time and effort spent to do that are much better spent developing real game features. So in many games people take the easiest route and just outlaw automated gameplay instead of changing the design to make sure it is not possible to benefit much from it. Can't really blame anyone for that.
Still it doesn't change this Blizzard's request being utterly ridiculous. With all my genuine respect to the company, someone must have had a brainfart in this case.
Why don't they implement a challenge-response system in-game like a CAPTCHA? Ask the player some specifically worded question about some game event. You don't have to ban people outright for getting it wrong, but you definitely could do that enough that you could build a statistical profile that indicated a player was cheating. Then ban them.
Better yet, make it some sort of puzzle mini-game!
"Why don't they implement a challenge-response system in-game like a CAPTCHA? Ask the player some specifically worded question about some game event."
Why don't they remove the obvious time wasting aspects of the game that turn a fun challenge into "grinding".
go kill this monster, but you are only done with X drops... wtfh?
I generally enjoy WoW but what really frustrates me are the obvious attempts to get me to play longer and therefore keep shelling out money.. like run over there and kill x monster then come back.. i come back and am given the quest to return to the same exact spot and kill y monster (that i had to kill anyway because he stands right next to X). BOOOORING!
if they spent more time developing quests (and adding to the lower level quest lines) people wouldn't want to automate their grinding (for an e.g. there is a low level crossroads quest that spawns a centaur attack on a village you have to defend against, makes you feel like you are really fighting "for the horde", lots of fun).
I'm just getting tot he high level stuff and it seems to be more along these lines.. why they don't try and improve the older work is beyond me.. that's prolly the number 1 gripe i hear about grinding. UGH WC or SFK again/ "can someone run me thru? i'll pay you gold".
Why don't they remove the obvious time wasting aspects of the game that turn a fun challenge into "grinding".
The idea behind grinding (and timesinks in general) is that you have a cheap way of keeping your players occupied. Various materials for crafting, gold, etc etc etc. In fact, why bother with creating actual content when you can keep people busy for an hour or two a day by killing the same type of monsters over and over.
kill x monster then come back [snip] kill y monster
Most RPGs suffer from this:
Single player RPGs suffer from it, and with MMOs it's even more obvious because most people play MMOs for months. MMOs don't exactly lend themselves to epic storytelling either, because any large-scale event would affect all players. In a single player RPG you could have a character open the gates of the nine hells and have the world flooded with demons that you have to dispatch, in an MMO you can't really have that happen. "Oh great, player #239483 opened the gates to the nine hells again" "Ugh, another week of demons"
While WoW had some large scale events, such as the opening of AQ, and there was something with the undead or something, the experience is a lot less fun than when YOU are doing something.
I'm just getting tot he high level stuff and it seems to be more along these lines.
I stopped playing WoW on a regular basis when our guild started waltzing through MC. I'd noticed that casual play with friends had started to devolve to getting 40 people organized to be on time, have the correct gear and potions, spend time grinding for gold and materials and generally not having fun.
If you start spending more time preparing to have fun than actually having fun that sort of defeats the purpose of playing a game in my opinion.
why they don't try and improve the older work is beyond me
I think they did that. A few months ago an old guildmate of mine sent me a mail talking about new questhubs in low level areas (the area where Onyxia is located, I forgot the name). The thing is that there's very little to gain for Blizzard to add new low level quests. Most of their playerbase is maxed out and creates a new character or two to keep themselves occupied while they're waiting on new high level content. I think most players will start going away if there isn't new high level content regularly than low level content.
OMG yes!
The reputation system has got to be the most miserable part of the game. Even worse than the slot machine system they have for boss drops ("Ok, after 4 hours of running this instance you get...squat! Try again!"). Factions seem to be breeding like mad too. Soon we'll have the Cenarion Coffee Club faction to grind or some other time suck.
Gaining reputation also involves running the same dungeons over, and over...and over again. Two or three times may be fun but by the eigth time it is pretty muc
You can't be serious. CAPTCHAs are annoying enough on normal websites already. Many people seem to accept that they have to only pass through them once during registration, for the sake of their own good, but asking them every once in a while is surely going to hurt. Losing customers to the inconvenience of protection measures added to retain customers is not exactly the price anyone would be looking to pay.
Admittedly this analogy is going a bit too far, but requiring every user to confirm every time that t
That's the wrong approach.
You shouldn't focus on stopping automated game play.
You need to make changes so it's not more beneficial then non automated play.
I ahve a programmable keyboard. I don't mean those ones with software running on the machine, I mean a keyboard with memory I can program.
This is completly undetectable to the computer. I could automate all kinds of things, it's what computers do.
So, the court has found the program can only be used for something illegal, and the company should not be allowed to sell it - but you are fine with they should be able to give it away to others who can then do illegal things with it.
Bit like they arrest a dope dealer then he should be allowed to give his stash away to someone else.
This case already had the shitty ruling that Blizzard gets to lord over what other software you're allowed to run on your own computer, just because their (bullshit, ought-to-be-unenforceable) EULA says so. That's a scary precedent too.
Exactly. Now, Microsoft can say, "You may only install Windows on this computer if you never install OpenOffice on this computer." If you install OpenOffice, your Windows license becomes invalid. Tough luck.
Oh I agree.
But lawsuits and the government shouldn't be the ones to give you a cheater free experience on a WoW Server hosted by Blizzard.
Blizzard should be the one to police it's virtual world. Blizzard runs the servers, Blizzard wrote the code, Blizzard collects money from paying customers like yourself who want to play WoW without worrying about other people botting or hacking.
Blizzard should take an active role in preventing/eliminating things they don't want in their world. If botting is going be against BLIZZARD'S RULES the punishment for botting should be ENFORCED BY BLIZZARD.
I have zero problem with Blizzard banning me/terminating my account/flagging my CD-Key as invalid if I'm caught violating their rules. Should it be *ILLEGAL* to break the rules Blizzard makes up for their virtual world? HELL NO.
That's like me making a web forum and telling everyone it's against the rules to post images...then taking to court anyone who writes an HTML book that includes the IMG tag. My rules that I've arbitrarily decided are NOT the law.
If some guy wants to publish the source to something he wrote, why shouldn't he be able to? Because some company somewhere doesn't like it? That seems a bit unfair to me. I'm sure Microsoft wasn't happy about Linux and the Open Source alternative OSes that exist. I'm sure you could argue that Microsoft's bottom line has been hurt from the OS community *AND* that much of the functionality of the OS communities products are based off of MS Software (Open Office can open
No, I'd tell them to play the game however they want. The presence of a cheater doesn't change your character, you can just go elsewhere and find your own random monsters.
In fact, a cheater is mostly indistinguishable from a WoW-Addict in that both go up levels far faster than you. The cheater's skills probably aren't as good because they let the bot do the work, so you should probably look at cheaters as big bags of cool toys/cash that are relatively unguarded.
But honestly, getting bent out of shape because other people want to play 80th level content without wading through 20-80th level content. Oh noes! We must use the courts to make people play the game properly!
In this case I was going to rtfa, but I see th elink goes to a site named virtuallyblind.com. Does anybody have a link to a reputable site, and not just some guy's blog?
Blizzard is stance on that Glider contains copyrighted and protected property. One can't declare something open source if one doesn't own it to begin with.
Of course all of this maneuvering hinges on whether or not Glider did their work cleanly. I personally don't favor this approach where it seems to be easier just to continually combat the thing better technology.
Submit the entire Glider source code as an exhibit, to prove that it does not contain copyrighted or protected property. I imagine an expert witness could be found who could analyze it reliably. (Unfortunately, PAYING such a person would be more difficult.)
If Glider was written undersource control, it would be interesting to see the lifecycle of the tool, also.
As I've delved into Diablo 2 once again (after watching the imho downright fantastic gameplay video of Diablo 3) over the last few days, I've seen with some amazement that some of the most widely used Battle.net cheats are actually licensed under the GNU GPL - there's even some kind of application framework for interacting with the game programmatically floating around on the web...
It's really interesting to see such development, because back in the days when I really was into all that gaming stuff, there was hardly ever a way to take a look how some trainer's/cheat's author does thing XY. Cool, in a way.
That said, I really, really despise cheating in multiplayer games.
the most widely used Battle.net cheats are actually licensed under the GNU GPL - there's even some kind of application framework for interacting with the game programmatically floating around on the web...
The MMO Asheron's Call, a contemporary of better-known Everquest, has had a framework like this for years, known as Decal [decaldev.com].
Interestingly, the developers of asheron's call (Turbine) chose to embrace the 3rd party development community. As a result, players have used the framework to extend and improve the g
You prefer this to exist with closed source so you can't read the code and see what they do to hook into your game.
Yeeeeeah, smart move!
Blizzard's programmers also want their Sudoku.
They just do it by disassembling bot code.
Open-sourcing it would ruin it for them, and that is just not right.
I suspect they know. It's not hard to figure out.
There will always be hooks into a game.
They're not a problem, and there effect on the economy is debatable.
Blizzards design minimize the effect Bots can have.
"they could reduce the grind"
but what would people do between the new releases.something has to keep the payers mindlessly working.
No, that wasn't a typo.
I think the last time I saw something that was obviously a bot outside of a battleground was almost 6 months ago. In the battlegrounds it seems there's almost always a couple of leeching bots, but (as far as I can tell) it's not nearly as bad as it was a year ago (and it's not like I'm gonna win any BG's on my alliance toon anyway, so a couple of leechers don't matter so much...
I do play WoW quite a bit (maybe 10-15 hours a week), and I'm also an open source user and contributor. Maybe they'll send Ri
first, it's OSS scripting that interacts with blizzard's "entertainment" code.
Then, it's OSS scripting that interacts with major microsoft apps, or reads the latest "MS ONLY" format.
This can not help Blizzard in any way what so ever.
A) Glider isn't exactly hard to create.
B) Makes Blizzard look like bullies..again.
C) Now there are several people who are going to create a clone.
D) It's impact on the game, emotional views aside, isn't really that great.
Stopping Glider is a bandage on a bigger issue they refuse to actually address, farming.
Now, farming isn't nearly as bad as everyone makes it out to be. In MMO's that allowed groups to control areas, it was horrible, but you can't really do that in WoW.
Here are some thing they could do:
1) Don't let anyone mine/pick anything that there skill level makes gray to them.
2) put some random drift into movement.
3) limit the price you can sell something for on the AH to 10 times what a vendor would pay
4) don't allow the transfer of more then 100GP a time. Maybe a one time unlimited amount per month.
All of these would be pretty trivial to implement.
Don't let anyone mine/pick anything that there skill level makes gray to them
This might be trivial to implement, but I'm guessing the players would be pissed. I've only played for a week, but I'm picking "gray" herbs all the time. What am I supposed to do to get them? Buy them at the auction? Bleh. And who would I buy them from? I'm using up most of my (non-grey) picked herbs to increase my alchemy skill, so I don't think there would be enough to go around. I guess some people could make good money focusi
Here are some thing they could do:
1) Don't let anyone mine/pick anything that there skill level makes gray to them.
2) put some random drift into movement.
3) limit the price you can sell something for on the AH to 10 times what a vendor would pay
4) don't allow the transfer of more then 100GP a time. Maybe a one time unlimited amount per month.
All of these would be pretty trivial to implement.
Jesus, you clearly don't play WoW. These are terrible ideas.
1) People often need materials that are "grey" skill level. From useful potions to metals for engineering, etc. Plus, one of the advantages of having multiple characters is that one of your characters with an appropriate skill can gather materials for another one. This idea would completely break the tradeskill system.
2) This would be ok I guess, just really annoying since it would mean you'd have to constantly nanny your character while on autorun
Sure, you can ban bots and you can void licenses when you catch someone, but bottom line: People won't stop as long as two criterions are not matched
1. The game is interesting enough to be played instead of botted.
2. The game is complicated enough to make botting pointless.
Why do people bot? Two reasons. First, they're goldfarmers and want to make as much gold as possible without having to do it themselves. And second, some parts of the game are just boring tedium nobody wants to do but has to.
So what all comes down is time sinks. People want to avoid time sinks. They don't want to sit in one spot and farm the same crapmobs for hours to get their $number $item for $quest. That's boring and tedious. They don't want to farm $mob for gold to buy their mount, that's boring and tedious.
Give people what they want to play and you have no problem with bots. Simple as that. When you have a problem with people botting through your game, all it says is that you installed something in the game that should keep the people occupied but they generally hate to do it (aka time sink).
In his defense, the comment was posted by a bot.
I don't think you understand game psychology. There is a crossover between a smooth, slow progression and long-term enjoyability.
If a game had no grind, players would lose interest quickly--the rewards need to be spaced out and not constant. In order for a good experience to stand out from the grind, there has to be a grind.
If you give people "what they want to play", they will not enjoy it at all. I can give you a game that you win at the push of a button--no grind at all. Would that make you happy?
When I used to find myself spending too much time on any game, a truly reliable way to make me sick of it is to cheat--to get everything I want as fast as I want. End of all my interest in the game within a couple days to a week. (this is how I broke my original addictions to Diablo and Diablo years ago)
Sure you think you want to be handed all these things you cheat for, but if that was really all you wanted, why not play single player? There are massive, undetectable cheats for that.
The only reason to cheat on b.net is to compare yourself to people who don't--to somehow give yourself an edge up against those who don't because, hmm, because it makes you feel better about yourself maybe? That's just pathetic.
Think about it for a while. Analyze what you play and why you play it. From your statement you obviously play a lot, but do you ever really think about what you enjoy about gaming? What you really want? Again, from your email, I have to guess no...
> If a game had no grind, players would lose interest quickly
That is incorrect.
Guild Wars [guildwars.com] is an example of an online game that has (almost) no grind, and yet is massively popular (millions), and growing.
And GW has (almost) no bots, since there is almost no boring grinding for bots to replace. As a result, the only reason left to run bots in GW is for farming for drops, but it's very rarely done.
So no, you're wrong. WoW (and EverQuest and others) did not need to be designed as time sinks, but they were,
I don't think you understand game psychology. There is a crossover between a smooth, slow progression and long-term enjoyability.
If a game had no grind, players would lose interest quickly--the rewards need to be spaced out and not constant.
So you're saying any day now we can expect Civ IV Glider? Mass Effect Glider? Guild Wars Glider? I'm just picking on some games I play and enjoy. Civ IV is a perfect example. Sure it has a "grind" between the point that you decide on your plan and actually implement it. But what's this? Civ IV lets you set up a build order ahead of time and automate the process? Or it even lets you turn over the city building to an AI so you don't have to do the boring part? I guess we don't need a Civ IV Glider be
Certainly getting everything handed to you makes a game boring. But making the game tedious doesn't make it interesting either.
What I want from a game is a challenge. My goal is to prove that yes, I can do it. What do I prove by slaying a bazillion of the very same mob for some drop (i.e. "farming")? At best that I have no life and/or too much spare time on my hands. But that I can play? C'mon, get serious.
WoW is no challenge, though, until very late in the game. Why? Because everyone levels (bots...) his w
I don't see what all the fuss is about
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# # #
The real problem is the fact that World of Warcraft (and every MMO released to date) is designed with such shoddy gameplay mechanics that people would rather have a computer play most of the game for them. The problem isn't that some people automate their characters, the problem is that a large percentage of the game is so mind-numbingly boring and repetitive that people would go to any length to avoid it and just play the good stuff. Is there anything wrong with this? Absolutely not, these developers (again, this applies to ALL MMOs) need to learn to design games that are fun the entire time you're playing them.
Put it another way, consider what would be the case if WoW were a single player game. The immediate conclusion everybody would draw was that the gameplay is substandard, because they are so tempted to automate it. Make it multiplayer and all of a sudden this is different? No. What's really going on here? Blizzard puts as many artificual, tedious roadblocks as they can get away with into the game, and the reason they do so is to extend the duration of their subscriptions as long as possible. When somebody decides to automate the process, Blizzard isn't protecting their player base, they're protecting their profit margins. They're saying, "You'll play this game OUR way so we can milk you for as much money as possible." So I say to Blizzard, cure the disease, not the symptom. Make a game that people don't want to have a computer play most of it for them and you won't have these problems.
Can't figure out how to make a game that's both fun and takes a long time to get tired of? Hire some actually talented game designers. We know you can take a design somebody else came up with and polish the mechanics to to a shiny gleam (see: every Blizzard game to date). Now's the time to innovate.
You know, I always thought that the RIAA and MPAA would destroy
the software industry. I figured that they would push through
laws that suited them and to hell with everyone else. I figured
that they would create laws that burden everyone else that does
something with a microprocessor. I figured that million dollar
Oracle databases would eventually be burdened down with anti-piracy
nonsense to prevent pirates from using old IBMs or Suns.
I didn't think it would be the likes of Blizzard to trash the
industry with really stupid laws or heinously egregious precedents.
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I think, almost everyone of us at least had the feeling once that, to patch a software too often, you rather just redo it.
Perl 5 is an elegant language, even today. Its simpilicty and high performance is sort of fatal attraction for everyone.
However during those years, the programming world has largely changed, the need for Perl to either evolve itself or jump to Perl 6 is quite clear. My personal view is that, to patch is not the way to go, although may work for a while, it will not last too long.
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