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John Brown and the Oberlin Lands
By Boyd B. Stutler
In the spring of 1840, John Brown was at loose ends. The glowing promises of a profitable tannery business and quick money in land speculation in a new and growing town, that had lured him from his prosperous farm in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, had turned out badly. His speculation at Franklin Mills, now the city of Kent, Ohio, had brought him to the verge of bankruptcy (which he was later to undergo) by the failure of his several enterprises.
His ten years at Randolph (now New Richmond), Pennsylvania, where he had carved a prosperous farm out of the wilderness and set up a tannery business were of recent memory. When he heard of the thousands of acres owned by Oberlin College in undeveloped sections of Tyler County, Virginia (now West Virginia), which could be had almost for the asking, his interest was kindled. Here, if all went well, he could establish his home and provide a place for his large and growing family. But there were some formalities to be observed.
John Brown was born at Torrington, Connecticut, on May 9, 1800, but at the age of 5 years was taken by his parents, Owen and Ruth Brown, to Hudson, Ohio. There, in that new town in which the first cabin was built in the same year he was born, he grew to manhood. There his father, good old Owen Brown, was one of the pillars of the community - a thrifty, stuttering farmer and tanner whose speech was always a painful effort, except when he raised his voice in prayer. It was no doubt through Owen Brown that his son, John, first learned of the gift of Gerrit Smith of 20,000 acres of wild land to Oberlin, and it was probably the father who prodded him into negotiations with the College, which resulted in a journey down the Ohio and a full month of land-looking in Tyler County in April and May, 1840.1 Had his plans of that time been realized, John Brown probably would have settled down as a peaceful farmer on Big Battle Creek in Doddridge County - history would have known nothing of John Brown of Osawatomie and Harper's Ferry.
The story of John Brown's first visit to West Virginia had its roots in his home town, where his father was still a leading citizen. When Western Reserve College (now Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio) was established at Hudson, Ohio, in the early 1830's [editor's note: Western was actually established in 1826], Owen Brown was one of the founders and one of the first trustees. He was an anti-slavery Christian, one of the early Western Reserve abolitionists, and for the first few years the conduct of the college accorded with his own point of view. But faculty changes and some internal dissensions led to a decline of the anti-slavery zeal. In 1835 he tearfully severed his connection with the institution.
The recently established Oberlin Collegiate Institute (now Oberlin College) in a neighboring town seemed more nearly to meet his liberal views - liberal in opposition to human slavery and to the extension of educational opportunities to Negroes and to women. Too, it was designedly a center of piety and moral reform, a not inconsiderable influence in deciding the Hudson farmer and tanner. Accordingly he transferred his allegiance to Oberlin and served as a trustee of that institution as well as its local agent at Hudson from 1835 to 1844. His daughter, Florilla, was a graduate in the class of 1839 and at least one of his younger sons was a student there. Florilla married Rev. Samuel L. Adair, also an Oberlin graduate, who became an early missionary to Kansas, settling at Osawatomie. It was on his doorstep that Frederick Brown, son of John, was shot down by Border Ruffians in the Battle of Osawatomie on August 30, 1856.
In accepting appointment as trustee of Oberlin College, Owen Brown wrote President Shipherd, "I trust God will make you faithful. Inform me when my seat will be wanted for a better man." Defying all the rules of grammar in this curiously misspelled letter, he advised "planning and making handsom gardens and yards," requiring punctual payment from the students, and finally recommended several "female studants in these parts which wish to get admitted into the institution." He was a liberal contributor to the support of the school. There is still a record of a gift of a bull of "verry good" stock, and in addition to many smaller contributions, he gave $500 in cash in 1836.2
Now to flash back to the origin of the titles to the Oberlin lands in western Virginia.
On September 26, 1783, Cleon Moore of Alexandria, Virginia, visited the State Land Office at Richmond and bought three Treasury Land Warrants, in all aggregating 27,766 acres. The warrants were for wild and otherwise unappropriated land on Middle Island Creek and its tributaries in what was then Ohio County, in a section of the Ohio Valley country then unsettled and entirely undeveloped. Moore apparently purchased the warrants as a speculation in wild land - as so many others were doing at that time - and so far as the record goes made no effort to establish the boundaries of his property. He sold the warrants to one James Robinson, who in turn passed them on to Isaac Bronson. Robinson and Bronson were probably speculators and have no part in the story; they are only mentioned to complete the chain of title. Indeed, I have not been able to identify either man or to get any information other than that the unused land warrants passed through their hands.
Bronson sold the warrants to Jabez Bacon of Woodbury, Connecticut, a land speculator who may have been connected with the Bacons of the Western Reserve, who immediately made arrangements to have the several parcels surveyed and his title to the lands established. The surveys of 18 tracts of 1,000 acres each, two for 922 acres, and one for 156 acres, aggregating an even 20,000 acres, were made on July 12, 13, 14, and October 26, 27, 28, 1786, by Jenn Williams, assistant to Robert Woods, then Surveyor of Ohio County. The 21 surveys were recorded in detail in the office of the County Clerk of Ohio County at Wheeling.3
The surveys were supposed to form one great continuous tract on Middle Island Creek and its smaller tributary streams—Mc- Eiroy, Big Battle, Israels Fork, Riggins Run, Brushy Run, Flint, etc. - but the surveyor turned the several surveys into something like a Chinese puzzle. Watercourses on adjoining surveys are made to run in opposite directions, and the corners for adjoining tracts do not coincide. There was plenty of land and the local surveyors were more than casual in surveying out parcels on which Treasury Land Warrants had been laid.
Jabez Bacon passed out of the picture at some tune prior to 1815, just how is not explained - probably by death. At any rate Nathaniel Bacon sold the tract to Philo Murray of Wood- bury, Connecticut, on May 3, 1815, for a consideration of $4,000. He claimed only 20,000 acres and the sale was made "subject to any settlement rights which may be upon any parts of the lands, if there be any."
However, on April 22, 1815, two weeks before he received a deed from Bacon, Murray transferred the 20,000 acres "together with 3 settlement rights, so-called," to Peter Smith of Smithfield, New York, for a consideration of $8,000. Peter Smith, the new owner, had immense land holdings in Northern New York and in other States, all of which he transferred to his son, Gerrit, and Daniel Cady, (father of Elizabeth Cady Stanton), on November 1, 1819. Later, on May 2, 1836, Cady deeded his part and share to Gerrit Smith, thus making him the sole owner of the tract.4
Gerrit Smith was not only the possessor of a landed empire, but his father also left him an immense fortune. He early established a reputation as a philanthropist, though with some eccentricities which brought the reform fringe to his door. He was a non-conformist in most things, a sort of social rebel, who believed in individual freedom of thought and action - he was an abolitionist, believed in education for women, could not bring himself into agreement with the churches, though a very devout man, and established a free church of his own. His last most noted public act was to sign the bail bond for Jefferson Davis, though he opposed everything Davis stood for. Horace White once, rather unfairly, said of Smith that he was indebted to his sire for a large fortune and weak intellect.
The young, struggling Oberlin Institute was in dire need of funds. It had borrowed beyond its limits and had milked its local patrons dry. Outside funds were necessary, if the school was to continue. An appeal was made to Gerrit Smith for aid, and non-conformist that he was, he rejoiced that he was in position to help an educational institution with courage enough to depart from traditional lines. The school not only admitted Negroes to its halls, but offered equal educational privileges to women.
His response to the appeal was characteristic. Fortunately his letter has been preserved and, as it has never been published, it is worthy of record:
Peterboro, (N. Y.) April 25, 1839
Charles G. Finney & Asa Mahan
My friends: My late father purchased April 22, 1815, for $8000 a Tract of Land in the new County of Tyler—a County lying on the Ohio River in Virginia. There are about 21,000 acres in the Tract. Nov. 1, 1819, he conveyed the Tract to myself. Although it is held under a very old title derived directly from the State of Virginia, it is probable that a still older title - older by about a year - covers some three or four thousand acres of the land. This is not certain however.
My father never sold any of the land - nor have I sold any of it. There have been repeated applications for small parcels of it. There are a few families on it, who pay rent enough to cancel the demands for taxes and for the fees of my Agent, Judge Wm. Underwood of the said County of Tyler.
The land is so far from me, that I cannot make judicious and profitable sales of it. I have thought, very frequently within the last few weeks, as it is not more than some two hundred miles from the Oberlin Collegiate Institute - as this Institute makes good use of the property given to it - and as it is in great need of more property - that I could not do better with this tract of land than to give it to the Institute. I take additional pleasure in making this gift from the fact that the American Education Society has proscribed Oberlin Institute, as well as Oneida Institute - and that you are now under greater need than ever of the liberality of your friends.
Immediately after making the purchase, my father had, at an expense of 4 or 500$ the whole Tract surveyed into Farm Lots. Most of these Lots will be unsaleable for many years - a few of them could probably be sold soon for one or two dollars per acre.
I presume the Institute is incorporated. Let me know what must be the name or style of the party of the second part in the Deed. The Deed together with Maps & Survey bills and a large bundle of papers pertaining to the Tract, I will hand to any person whom you may authorize to receive them.
This gift may be, to a great extent, if not entirely unavailable for several years, I am aware, that you are in present need - and I therefore add to the gift two thousand dollars in money. Your draught on me for two thousand dollars payable 1st February next at the Bank of Utica (let it be written by Br. Mahan and signed by both of you) will be accepted by me.
Your friend and brother
Gerrit Smith5
Smith's reference in his letter of gift to the older title and the possibility of a dispute was a masterly understatement. The money gift of $2,000 which accompanied the land was really an easement of a king-size headache in prospect. Actual settlers had built their cabins on nearly every section of the 20,000 acre tract, and there were really few surveys that were not disputed in some way. Some were "squatters," others had a shadow of title derived from the so-called "corn right" and even from older land warrants. But all in all, aside from the difficulty with settlers, the cost of holding the property was not excessive. Originally surveyed as a part of Ohio County, it passed into Tyler when that County was formed in 1814. Its assessed valuation was $5,000, rated at 25 cents per acre for tax purposes, or a total annual tax of $6.25. Under the County's 1949 tax levy this valuation would have amounted to $40.36.
When transferred into Doddridge on the organization of that county in 1845, the land continued at the same rate of assessment of 25 cents per acre. But, at that Oberlin paid no less than other landowners in the county.
When Trustee Owen Brown heard of the gift of land, he was highly pleased. From his home at Hudson he wrote Levi Burnell, Secretary of Oberlin Institute: "I think much of the donation of Mr. G. Smiths land and think it would be best if it should be explored this fall and bring it into publick view as soon as possible that it may be soon in use." No doubt, reflecting on his son's financial difficulties he then had John in mind as agent and explorer - but of this there is no positive evidence. But it is highly probable that the later negotiations with the College came about through the suggestion of Owen Brown.
It is probable, too, that the gift of land brought the name of Gerrit Smith to John Brown's attention, but he was destined in later years to play a big part in the younger man's affairs. Brown became an intimate at his baronial home at Peterboro, New York; Smith furnished money for both the Kansas and Harper's Ferry interludes, and it was from Smith that John Brown obtained the North Elba, New York, homestead, by purchase and by gift of Boston friends. It is there that John Brown is buried.
On April 2, 1840, - nearly a full year after the letter of gift - John Brown was at Oberlin in conference with the Prudential Committee of the College. After some discussion he made a proposal in writing:
Oberlin 2d April 1840
Gentlemen of the Prudential Committee
In negotiating in regard to the Virginia lands or any investigation to be made in regard to the title or boundary of those lands I wish to be perfectly frank. I wish to see those lands with a particular view to settle my family on them if I can find encouragement sufficient to justify me in so doing, and in offering my service as a surveyor, am not induced to do it for the sake of getting employment or wages. If you are disposed to send me I will charge you but one dollar pr day with the addition of a moderate allowance for such expense as shall of necessity be incurred . . . If I should settle my family on those lands I believe I could be the means of rendering them a source of allmost immediate income to your institution, and believe the institution can well afford to be quite liberal towards a family like my own who should go to commence a settlement uppon them. The three eldest of my children are sons, all resolute, energetic, intelligent boys & as I trust of verry decided religious character, such as I think will if they are continued will prove to be valuable members of any community, or faithful and competent agents should they be kneeded. The business we now follow is mainly wool growing in which branch I have been hitherto prosperous.
Respectfully yours,
John Brown.6
On the following day, after further negotiations, the proposal was accepted and John Brown, as agent, was authorized by a formal power of attorney "to enter upon, explore and occupy, a certain tract of land in the County of Tyler in the state of Virginia . . . to lease or rent the said lands or any part thereof . . . to demand and receive and if necessary sue for and collect any and all moneys due for rent or damage due from tenants or former occupants . . . and to do all other acts and things . . . which the Board of Trustees may themselves lawfully do." This document is dated April 3, 1840, and bears the signatures of President Asa Mahan, Secretary Levi Burnell and the seal of the Institute.
On the day this document was signed Secretary Burnell hastened to advise Trustee Owen Brown of the action taken. There was wishful thinking in the final paragraph of the letter: "Should he succeed in clearing up titles without difficulty or lawsuits, it would be easy, as it appears to me, to make provision for religious and school privileges, and by proper efforts, with the blessing of God, soon see that wilderness bud and blossom as the rose."
The newly appointed agent drew a $50 advance from the Institute, which he was careful to set down in his pocket memorandum book. From the day he set out from Franklin Mills on April 14, every item of expense was noted in this little book, down to the one-half cents. In all, from April 14 when he left home until May 16 when he returned, he noted about $33 in expenses, including charges for guides and other help.
Making his headquarters at the home of 'Squire William Underwood at Ripley Mills, (now Alma, Tyler County), Brown ranged over the country, inspected the several tracts of land, and made some few notes in his pocket book. He was pleased with the prospect, especially with a home site on Big Battle, but was rather disgusted with the careless living and lack of enterprise of the Virginians. From the home of Squire Underwood, he wrote his wife an encouraging letter - as this letter has never been printed in its entirety, it seems rather worth while to reproduce it:
Tyler Co Va 27th April 1840
My Dear Wife & Children
I arrived on the 17th at this place. Have been well ever since I left you & everywhere kindly used. Have made some progress in my business, but do not now expect to get through before the 8 or 9 of May. I like the country as well as I expected, & its inhabitants rather better. I think we can find a place in it that will answer all the purposes for which we kneed (in) this world, & have seen the spot where if it be the will of Providence, I hope one day to live with my family. I do not find the season so far forward as I expected compared with our Ohio country but to enable you to compare a little I would say that some have planted their corn more than a week since. Onion tops are pretty well grown, & I saw Potatoes out of the ground more than a week ago on the river. Apples are about the size of large Peas, & other things about in the same proportion. Were the inhabitants as resolute and industrious as the Northern people, & did they understand how to manage as well, they would become rich, but they are not generally so. They seem to have no idea of improvement in their Cattle, Sheep or Hogs nor to know the use of enclosed pasture fields for their stock, but spend a large portion of their time in hunting for their Cattle, Sheep & Horses, & the same habit continues from Father to son. They have so little idea of moveing off anything they have to sell, or of going away for anything they kneed to buy, that their Merchants extort uppon them prodigiously. By comparing them with the people of other parts of the country, & world, I can see new and abundant proof that Knowledge is power. I think we might be verry useful to them on many accounts, were we so disposed. May God in mercy keep us all, & enable us to get wisdom and with all our getting or loosing to get understanding.
Affectionately yours
John Brown7
The pocket memorandum book containing Brown's brief field notes fortunately has been preserved in the treasures of Boston Public Library. From that source we get a scant view of the scope of his activities and the names of a few of the settlers who disputed the right of Oberlin to take their lands. However, Brown had reversed his position from that taken in 1825 when he went among the settlers in Crawford and Erie Counties, Pennsylvania, living on similarly disputed lands. He urged them to hold fast, that their actual settlement would overbalance any claim that could be brought forward by the claimants under a Pennsylvania State warrant.8 Curiously enough, years later the West Virginia courts affirmed his 1825 position.
The first field note entry in the memorandum book is dated April 17, 1840: "Esq. Underwood says the bounds of the Leatherman claim have not yet been found nor does he believe they ever can be."9 Other notes follow at intervals of days:
"April 23d 1840 Found on McElroy Big Beach bottom good Mill seat undisputed Tract . . . Found on right branch of Big Battle valueable spring good stone coal & excelent bottom, good timber & sugar orchard good hill land & beautiful situation for dwelling all right. Course of this branch at the forks is South 21" West from a beautiful White Oak on which I marked my initials 23d April 1840 (JB)
"28th April found on Big Battle below the forks good bottom land good stone & on the left hand fork a fine bottom with one of the best sugar Orchards I ever met with.
"Found on Brushy Run some good bottom, durable water, good timber & Stone Coal, also first rate stone quarry. Sugar orchard also.
May 11th Found on Israels Fork good bottom, good timber. Sugar orchards, and the appearance of good durable water, with good bottoms above, & below it, no appearance of stone, nor of coal, fit for working.
"May 12th Found on Riggins Run some good bottom land, some good timber, & some indications of Stone Coal also some appearance of durable water.
"Adam Ash would (give) fifty cents per acre for about 200 acres or take fifty dollars for his betterments. Jackson Hughs offers 1.00 per acre for 100 acres asks 100 (dollars) for his betterments.
"John Williams offers 25.00 for 100 acres would take 60.00 for his betterments. Homer Williams offers 250.00 for 1000 acres (said not to be responsible) asks 50. for his betterments. Gideon Roberts offers 25. per hundred acres for 200 acres asks 100. for his betterments."
In his field notes, John Brown dwells on the location on Big Battle where, reverting to the pioneer custom, of "blazing" a tree with a tomahawk to indicate ownership, he carved his name on a great white oak. Years later Virgil A. Lewis, distinguished West Virginia educator and historian, made an effort to find the tree. His interest was aroused by Wendell Phillips Garrison, (son of William Lloyd Garrison) who then owned the memorandum book containing the notation.
Mr. Lewis replied to the inquiry under date of March 4, 1896: "The exact point on McElroy Creek at which Brown cut his initials on the oak tree can be readily determined. It is in Doddridge County. I go to West Union - its seat of justice - in a few weeks, when I shall make inquiry and cause a search to be made for the historic tree. Then I shall write you the result thereof."10 No further correspondence can be found and to this day we do not know whether or not Mr. Lewis was successful in his quest.
Though Brown returned to his Ohio home on May 17th, it was not until July 14th that he got around to making a formal report of his findings to the Prudential Committee of Oberlin. On that day the minutes of the Committee say briefly that "the report of John Brown, respecting his agency in Virginia and examination of the Smith donation of land, was read by the Secretary and deferred." It is probable that Brown made a long report to the Committee based on the notes in the memorandum book and on more ample notes which have not been preserved. Unfortunately the formal report has been lost. But Brown's request for remuneration for his services presented to the Committee on the same day has been preserved:
Oberlin 14th July 1840
Are the Prudential Committee, or the Trustees of the Oberlin Collegiate Institute disposed to allow John Brown of Hudson and his family (twelve persons in all) one thousand acres of their Virginia lands for an actual settlement uppon those lands by said family, and a commission of five pr cent for attending regularly to the payment of such taxes as may be levied uppon them after being provided with the means, and for the further consideration of twenty-nine days service heretofore rendered.
John Brown
The Prudential Committee was disposed to grant the request for 1,000 acres and to name John Brown as agent on the property, but they took some time to deliberate. It was not until late in August that the Trustees authorized the Prudential Committee to "convey by deed to Bro. John Brown, of Hudson, One Thousand Acres of Virginia land." It was then Brown's turn to procrastinate. He was dickering with Heman Oviatt about a partnership in a sheep farm and tannery at Richfield, not far from Hudson. It was not until the first of the new year that he found time to reply.
Richfield 2d Jany 1841
Levi Burnell Esqr
Dr Sr - A few days since I saw your letter to my Father dated 20th October 1840 in which you alude to our negociations about the Virginia land. I should have written you before but my time has been completely taken up, and owing to a variety of circumstances I have sometimes allmost given up the idea of going to the south at all; but after long reflection and consultation about it I feel prepared to say definitely that I expect Providence willing to accept the proposal of your Board, and that I shall want everything understood and arranged as nearly as may be, for my removal in the next Spring. I would here say that I shall expect to receive a thousand acres of land in a body that will includ a living spring of water dischargeing itself at a heighth sufficient to accomodate a tanery as I shall expect to pursue that business on a small scale if I go. It is my regular occupation. I mentioned several such springs in my report, but found them verry scarce. Please write me anything about the matter as you see cause, directing to Hudson.
Yours in sincerity
John Brown.
Brown's proposal seems fair enough. The burden of compliance shifted to Oberlin, where the spectre of debt had again reared its ugly head. Times were bad and money tight - liberal sponsors of the struggling young college had been caught in the pinch. There was not only retrenchment in their giving, but at least one called for repayment of what was then a very considerable amount of money for a loan advanced in better times.
Arthur Tappan, New York financier, philanthropist, and abolitionist, had lent $10,000 to Oberlin in 1835 to tide the school over a tight spot. Later, Tappan himself fell upon evil days and had a difficult time to maintain his own credit and to save himself from bankruptcy. As eastern financial agent for Oberlin, collections made in England were cleared through his institution. Something more than $2,000 of the debt had been paid by subscription, when in 1839 - grabbing at straws to save himself - Tappan seized a draft for $4,752, sent from England, to apply on the debt. This precipitated a crisis in Oberlin's affairs. In 1841, in something akin to desperation, it seemed an excellent bargain to exchange 10,000 acres of wild Virginia land of dubious title for the balance due Tappan.
Tappan received a deed for the 10,000 acres dated February 1, 1841, when the land was located in Tyler County, but for some reason he did not have his deed recorded until Doddridge had been cut off and the lands passed to the new county.11 The deal freed Oberlin from immediate financial pressure.
Just before this transfer was affected, on January 20, 1841, Secretary Levi Bumell wrote John Brown that the offer of 1,000 acres had been withdrawn. Burnell's letter has not been preserved, therefore we do not know the reasons given by him, but can only infer from the extant correspondence relating to the lands. The decision of the College committee struck Brown as a great disappointment and he replied in a rather sharp manner. He received no answer. He followed up with another letter asking for settlement, both of which are still held in the Oberlin archives. In his first letter of protest, dated Hudson, February 5, 1841, Brown said:
"I have just returned from a journey to Pa. and have read yours of 20th Jany & must say I am somewhat disappointed in the information which it brings; & considering all that has passed, that on the part of the Institution I had not been called upon to decide positively nor even advised of any hurry for a more definite answer; & that on my part I had never intimated any other than an intention to accept the offer made; nor called for my pay. I should think your Committee would have done nearer the thing that is right had they at least signified their wish to know my determination, before putting it out of their power to perform what they had engaged. Probably I was not so prompt in makeing up my mind fully, & in communicateing my determination as I had ought to be, & if Providence intends to defeat my plans there is no doubt the best of reasons for it, & we will rejoice that he who directs the steps of men knows perfectly well how to direct them; & will most assuredly make his counsel to stand. A failure of the consideration I do not so much regard as the derangement of my plans of future opperation. If the Virginia lands are, or are not disposed of, I wish you would give me the earliest information, & in the event of their still remaining on hand I suppose it not unreasonable for me still to expect a fulfillment of the offer on the part of the Institution. Should the land be conveyed away perhaps your Committee or some of the friends might still be instrumental in getting me an employment at the south. Please write me as soon as you have any information to give."
To this letter Brown apparently received no reply. He followed it up on March 26th, with the following, addressed to Secretary Burnell:
"Some weeks ago I wrote you requesting information if the Virginia lands belonging to your Institution were, or were not disposed of. As I have received nothing from you since, I suppose there must have been some failure of my letter. Please write me on receipt of this & say whether the lands are, or are not disposed of. If the lands are not sold, & your committee do not on the whole wish me to go on, they have only to signify it frankly, & draw in my favour on my Father for say thirty dollars (as I have waited nearly one year) and I shall when that order is accepted by him, consider the institution discharged from all further obligation to me."
This plain demand for an understanding or a settlement brought the desired result - the Oberlin treasurer's records disclose that under date of April 9, 1841, Brown was paid $29 "to balance account."
Thus ended John Brown's plan to become a resident of the Ohio Valley section of West Virginia. In later years he was a frequent visitor to the sheepraising section in the Northern Panhandle, but he never again visited the Ohio Valley. His better known visit to the Eastern Panhandle nineteen years later was wholly unrelated to his contacts with the western side. In the Ohio Valley section he was a peaceful farmer and wool buyer - at Harper's Ferry, in his famous raid, he touched off the great American Civil War.
Failure of John Brown's plans to establish a home on Big Battle is but one incident in the troubled story of the Oberlin lands. Transfer of the 10,000 acres to Tappan did not end the difficulties - it only started real trouble. Like Agent Brown's Harper's Ferry raid, pressure for possession touched off a series of law suits and counter suits that dragged their weary way through the courts for two full generations. West Virginia courts inherited the cases from Virginia, and as Oberlin was then not too popular with West Virginia judges and juries the squatter's claims were upheld in case after case. However, Oberlin did manage to hold on to the mineral rights in one small tract in this rich area, and down to within recent years the College had a small income from this holding.
The Oberlin land case is a West Virginia legal classic. Law students were for years required to study the issue involved and the "ruling decisions." Bar examiners frequently used the case to test fledgling lawyers.
1 Originally surveyed in 1786, the Oberlin lands were then in Ohio County; passing into Tyler when that county was organized in 1814, and to Doddridge when that county was formed in 1845.
2 Robert S. Fletcher in "John Brown and Oberlin," Oberlin Alumni Magazine, February, 1932.
3 Records in office of the Clerk of the Ohio County Court, Wheeling. Photostats of the surveys furnished by courtesy of Raymond J. Falland, County Clerk.
4 Records in the office of the Tyler County Court, Middlebourne. Letter of Delf Norona, Moundsville, W. Va., December 30, 1948, and letter of Ray Henderson, Clerk County Court, Middlebourne, January 8, 1949.
5 From Gerrit Smith Papers, Syracuse (New York) University Library. Printed by permission of R. Craig Fabian, Supervisor of Special Collections. The "maps, survey bills and large bundle of papers pertaining to the tract" mentioned in the letter can not be located in Syracuse University Library, where the Gerrit Smith Papers are deposited, nor in the archives of Oberlin College.
6 In Treasurer's Office, Oberlin College. Printed in Robert S. Fletcher's "John Brown and Oberlin," Oberlin Alumni Magazine, February, 1932. Other correspondence quoted in this article between John Brown and Oberlin officials, same source.
7 Original letter owned by Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California, and reprinted by special permission of the Director. An extract from this letter is printed in Frank B. Sandborn's Life and Letters of John Brown, (all editions) p. 134; also same extract in Boyd B. Stutler's "John Brown An Unique Character in American History," West Virginia Review, March, 1926, and in Robert S. Fletcher's "John Brown and Oberlin," Oberlin Alumni Magazine, February, 1932.
8 Letter of Judah Colt, Erie, Pennsylvania, to Thomas Astley, Philadelphia, February 1, 1826; Colt, land agent, reporting to the absentee landowner: "I sometimes despair of living to see the time when the title legally deriven from the State shall no longer be disturbed by evil and unprincipled men - we have recently had a man by the name of John Brown traveling about in this county encouraging the former actual settlers that they will ultimately receive back all their claims and that the company's title is of no value," Original letter owned by Boyd B. Stutler.
9 Memorandum book containing expense account and field notes is owned by Boston Public Library. Permission to quote from it granted by Richard G. Hensley, Chief Librarian of the Reference Division.
10 In Oswald Garrison Villard Papers, Columbia University Library, New York.
11 Letter Hall Maxwell, Clerk County Court, Doddridge County, West Union, March 3, 1949. Deed to Tappan is recorded in Deed Book No. 1, p. 507. Another deed for the balance of the land, Board of Trustees for Oberlin College to Uriah Thompson, date September 5, 1854, for 10,827 1/2 acres, is recorded in the same office in Deed Book No. 2, p. 445.
West Virginia History Journal
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Four Professors Granted Tenureby Richard Paige • December 18, 2013 Share:
Wabash College President Gregory D. Hess and Dean of the College Gary A. Phillips announced the promotion and tenure of four members of the faculty. Professors James Cherry (theater), Ethan Hollander (political science), Derek Nelson (religion), and Eric Olofson (psychology) all have earned the rank of associate professor and granted tenure at the 181-year-old liberal arts institution.
"These professors have demonstrated excellence as teachers and research scholars, and have contributed to the strength of the institution through their myriad contributions — from directing plays and leading immersion trips to engaging students in collaborative research and advising them on their careers," said President Hess.
Dr. Cherry joined the theater faculty in 2007 after spending eight years in New York City earning his master's degree and doctorate from the City University of New York. A graduate of Bates College in 1995, he earned a master's in theater from Villanova in 1998. Cherry also holds a Certificate of Theatre Studies from the International Centre for Advanced Theatre Studies from the University of Helsinki in 2004.
"The freedom with which we are invested is critical," said Cherry. "If you have a good idea at Wabash – for scholarship, pedagogy, creative pursuits, etc. – the answer I have always heard is: go for it, take a whack at it. This freedom is a central pillar of a Wabash liberal arts education: for students and faculty alike, the mantra is to embrace what you love, take advantage of the freedom to do good work, and learn from mistakes and triumphs," said Cherry.
Cherry's course offerings include History and Literature of the Theater: Ancient Greece to the Spanish Golden Age and the French Renaissance to the Age of Realism, American Theater and Modern European Drama, as well as an introductory theater course. He is the co-chair of the Freshman Tutorial program at Wabash and is an active author and presenter of scholarly research relating to the theater. Additionally, Cherry has contributed to the theater more than 20 times as an actor or director.
"The theater world is but one place where Jim Cherry exposes students to the central liberal arts questions," said Dean Phillips. "A skillful leader of the Wabash Freshman Tutorial program and highly visible organizer in his professional theater association, Jim brings to Wabash that special New York City edge that sharpens liberal arts questions and student intellect to keep us honest and focused on the College's mission."
Dr. Hollander joined the political science faculty in 2008 after spending the previous two years as a faculty fellow at the University of California, San Diego, where he had earned his master's degree (1999) and Ph.D. (2006). A 1994 graduate of Wesleyan University, Hollander also spent a year at St. Patrick's College in Maynooth, Ireland in 1992-93.
"Tenure is a lifelong commitment that the College makes to a professor," said Hollander. "But as I see it, it also goes the other way. It's a commitment that the professor makes to the College. Looks like Wabash and I are in it for the long haul, and that's fine by me."
Hollander focuses on comparative politics, international relations, nationalism, ethnic conflict and genocide, warfare, state-sponsored violence and terrorism, authoritarian regimes, and the Holocaust. He was the organizer of a Wabash immersion trip to Cuba in November, and has taken three classes to study the politics of the European Union. Hollander is also completing a book entitled, Swords or Shields? Implementing and Subverting the Final Solution in German-Occupied Europe.
"Ethan is adept in leading Wabash students around the globe, most recently to Cuba, to immerse them in the most challenging cultures and questions of our times – the Holocaust, totalitarian regimes, and the Arab Spring," said Phillips. "Equally knowledgeable about the Crawfordsville and Indianapolis scenes, he has introduced many new faculty and staff members to the cultural riches of our region. The legacy of local and global political science leadership at the College is being carried on by Ethan, who will lead his department to new and challenging places."
Dr. Nelson joined the religion faculty in 2012 after spending six years at Thiel College, where he served as an assistant (2006-10) and associate (2010-12) professor and the co-director of the Thiel Global Institute (2007-12). A 1999 summa cum laude graduate of Wabash, Nelson earned his master's of divinity from Yale in 2002 and a Ph.D. from the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley, Calif. He also earned a Certification in Clinical-Pastoral Education from Stanford in 2006.
"These days it seems that when most folks think about higher education, they do so only in connection to one's expected career path," said Nelson. "My favorite thing about Wabash students is that they trust the faculty. They allow us to help prepare them for excellence in the workplace by immersing themselves in a discipline that might not seem, at the outset, to be highly practical for their first job after Wabash. But that model has worked for Wabash men for many decades."
An ordained Lutheran pastor, Nelson's course offerings include a history of Christianity to the Reformation, Theological Ethics, Religion and Film, an Introduction to Theology, and Augustine and Aquinas. He also leads Enduring Questions, the required freshman course, and is the Director of the Wabash Pastoral Leadership program. Further, Nelson is co-author on an intellectual biography of Martin Luther entitled, Luther. The Resilience of Reform, and recently published the second edition of his mentor Bill Placher's book, A History of Christian Theology.
"Derek brings to the Religion Department and the College proven leadership in the wider academy and the church," Phillips said. "His appetite and humor combine to invite students and faculty colleagues to want to achieve excellence and serve a purpose beyond themselves. One of his special skills as a theologian and teacher of theology is to lead this liberal arts college in wrestling with the most demanding questions about the human, the divine, and, yes, the not so divine of this world, and importantly to show us what can be done."
A member of the Wabash psychology faculty since 2008, Dr. Olofson earned his master's degree (2005) and Ph.D. (2008) in psychology from the University of Oregon. He was a summa cum laude graduate of Concordia College in 2002, earning a B.A. in psychology and philosophy.
"Through the tremendous support of my department, my colleagues, and the administration, I have been able to grow as a teacher and researcher," Olofson continued. "I was able to create a course, Fatherhood, which was tailored to Wabash student interests, and the success of that course has, in turn, shaped my own scholarly interests. The experiences I have had with those students, often in lengthy one-on-one summer internships, have allowed me to see just how powerfully a Wabash education changes young men, and also have allowed me to grow."
Olofson's scholarly focus is on infant and child cognitive development. His recent course offerings include an Introduction to Psychology, Fatherhood, Research Methods and Statistics, Language Acquisition, Child Development, and Research in Developmental Psychology.
"Eric brings to the Psychology Department a signature course in fatherhood, collaborative scholarship with students grounded in cutting-edge questions of language acquisition, and strong leadership that has dramatically increased student graduate fellowship interest and applications and promises to elevate Wabash's national profile," said Phillips. "He represents a new generation of Wabash faculty deeply engaged with and committed to students, and that bodes well for Wabash students who find in Eric an authentic model for thinking critically and living humanely.
"There is no greater honor the College can bestow upon a faculty member than the award of tenure," Dean Phillips continued. "It is my privilege to welcome Eric, Ethan, Jim and Derek into the tenured rank of the Wabash faculty. All can be confident that our students and our College will be in very good hands for many years to come."
These promotions are effective July 1, 2014.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Wearing a drysuit and shooting macro
Posted 04 May 2005 - 05:20 AM
Dual Ikelite Strobes
Photo site - www.reefpix.org
Posted 04 May 2005 - 07:22 AM
Dry suit diving takes getting used. I still haven't gotten totally used to it. At least I've gotten my trim right. Worse than taking a camera, I foolishly did my deco course (doubles and deco bottle) while using my dry suit for the just the fifth time. Sure was funny .....for the people watching me.
Just dive more in it and you will figure it out.
Posted 04 May 2005 - 11:12 AM
Subal ND800- Housing
Way to many strobes to list
subal ND800 setup with Ikelite 161 strobes
Still a film divasourus at heart in a digital world
Posted 04 May 2005 - 01:18 PM
In particular for someone not used to diving with a dry suit, it is essential not to get too much air inside the suit. Having a gentle squeese can be preferable to having air travel back and forth inside your suit. Certainly if feet alreade are a bit on the light side, chances are you will find yourself with air trapped in the boots and before you have had time to get it right you find yourself rocketing towards the surface. Head down, feet up/first.
To avoid it: use the BCD that you are familiar with for boyancy at first, and and use less air in the suit. Once familiar with the drysuit concept, one can work ones way into using less air in the BCD, more in the suit. Which will be warmer too, as a bonus.
Norwegian snapper who prefers warm waters.
Posted 04 May 2005 - 01:37 PM
Subal ND800- Housing
Way to many strobes to list
subal ND800 setup with Ikelite 161 strobes
Still a film divasourus at heart in a digital world
Posted 17 June 2005 - 01:50 AM
I work from the inside out so to speak - many of the superb modern 'wick-away' undergarments help shift dampness from sweat (assuming a none leaking suit) away from the skin so I feel warmer as this isn't causing problems. I add thin fleeces over these, then an undersuit and finally the drysuit. The comfort of this lot dictates how much air is required in the suit and so how much lead I need. I find that I always tend to favour ankle weights (1lb on each leg) and usually carry 24~30lb of lead (shot I find comfier) in a pouch belt.
I never use the BC for buoyancy control!
But I do not find trim to be any problem whatsoever these days. And reckon that I am no more clumsy in a drysuit than wet.
At the end of the day, a drysuit is probably about experience. I use mine all the time (in temperatures fro 3C to 23C) and using it has become second nature. If you are having problems using a camera with it (macro or otherwise) then you probably need to gain more experience in using the drysuit before adding the camera.
Paul Kay,Canon EOS5DII SEACAM c/w S45, 8-15, 24L,35L, 60/2.8 (+Ext12II) & 100/2.8 Macros - Sony A7II SEACAM 28/2 & 50/2.8 Macro - UK/Ireland Seacam Sales -see marinewildlife
Posted 06 September 2005 - 01:26 AM
"Got the gear - but no idea" My Webpage
Posted 06 September 2005 - 04:16 AM
Despite what it feels like, the problem is TOO MUCH LEAD!
This is implied in some of the comments, but not SPELLED OUT.
After many years in the United Kingdom (all that stuff about the warm North Atlantic Drift is hooey: a sub-50 Fahrenheit dive is not rare in the darker part of the year) I can say that:
a ) a neoprene suit is more difficult
b ) a membrane suit with too much air/too many underclothes is more difficult
c ) having air in two places is more difficult
Paul Kay has probably got very useful things to say, and published results to prove it, but what I would offer is my solution:
weight to be just neutral at the end of the dive, on the surface, using a membrane suit and the best hi-tech thermals (I use Weezle, they're great), with small ankle weights and try to stay at one level when shooting.
I get down to a level, set up my suit (no air in BCD, that's for back-up) and then set up my camera. I have found that the weight distribution with a stainless backplate and twin 7-litre cylinders is almost perfect, and I only carry a pound or two of trim weights if I have been out of the water for a few months.
Instability is caused by air bubbles in the suit, which make you feel light, but are actually a sign of TOO MUCH LEAD. Dry suits killed divers in the early days when they were knocked off their feet by the surge, held upside down by the air in their suits, and bashed their heads on the bottom. This stopped when "optimum" weighting was understood, so that inversion stopped producing two big bubbles of air around the feet: try it in the pool, with too much lead, and then try dropping lead in stages - it's a convincing demonstration!
PS: I'd rather be in Bonaire (last week) or Egypt (next week), I think I've mastered the D70 sunburst, and I've just asked Pete Rowlands to send me a Magic Filter
Flickr galleries
Photobox; images on sale!
The Fin Foundation
Nikon D800 in Nauticam housing...
Posted 10 April 2006 - 12:03 AM
Posted 12 April 2006 - 01:49 AM
Ive been diving dry exclusively for 14 years and dont seem to have this problem. I use only 4 lbs of lead, with a SS plate, but I dive steel tanks not AL. The steel (85's or HP 100's) are neautral when empty. I was able to drop 4 lbs when I switched undergarments from Thinsulate/fleece to a Dive Rite Primaloft undergarment.
I would try gaiters, but dont add more ankle wgt. your back will hate you for it. If you can move your trim wgt up that might help but honestly figure out a way to get rid of some of the lead 17lbs is way too much.
Posted 12 April 2006 - 04:30 AM
1) Make sure you're correctly weighted. Most people tend to wear way too much lead. Too much lead -> too much air in the suit and the BCD -> more buoyancy change to manage even on small ascents and descents. If you can't stay on the surface by finning with your BCD and suit empty long enough to orally inflate your BCD you're probably overweighted.
2) Managing air in a dry suit and a BCD is not as hard as some people would like you to believe. Actually you can manage all your ascent/descent/buoyancy related stuff with your left hand in almost all common equipment configurations: the BCD and drysuit inflators are easily in the reach of your left hand, as is your nose should you need to equalize. The same applies to dumping air, as the shoulder dump is in the left arm... and this becomes instinctive very quickly. Put gas in your suit only to reduce squeeze and for warmth, manage the buoyancy with BCD. With a single tank you might just manage with the suit only, with twins and/or a negative camera setup using the BCD becomes a necessity.
3) Master horizontal trim - try to keep most of your lead as close to your center point (ie navel), speading it on the both sides if possible. An easy way is to take a 1-2 kilos off your belt and put it on the upper tank band. Think of your body as a lever, and you'll realize why ankle weights are a bad thing. If you have a problem with air in your legs, get gators, they do wonders to managing trim.
4) Master the frog kick. As it is symmetrical in the vertical plane you'll be much more stable, and can be reversed for quick stops and backing up (although this requires some practice and won't be easy with gimmicky fins such as hinged or split ones).
...these are very basic skills, and can be mastered in almost any gear, though the DIR folks will always start by first preaching about gear and then the skills. A DIRish setup will surely help, but it's not really necessary...
Posted 14 April 2006 - 02:49 AM
Lead and tank were as offered by the dive shop/boat so varied a bit as I didn't have portable weighing scales with me and, as all the kit was new, didn't know how much I needed anyway.
In spite of this I had 30 pleasant dives, never used the BCD, was pretty comfortable from 13~19C (I like being warm) and happily managed hour plus dives. The cuff dump was, as usual, a bit of a nuisance at times, but worked ok.
Which all goes to prove what? Well that really this drysuit business isn't all that much of a problem. If it IS for you, then as I've said here before you need to get more experience using drysuits in general. I watch too many divers flail about in drysuits and adding in a camera merely makes them notice just how much they thrash around.
I don't really think that you can be too prescriptive about technique in a drysuit - there are many different ways of using them as can be seen from this thread and what is right for one diver may not be for another. What is important is that you should be thoroughly at home in using one before adding in the camera. You can't buy experience!!!
Paul Kay,Canon EOS5DII SEACAM c/w S45, 8-15, 24L,35L, 60/2.8 (+Ext12II) & 100/2.8 Macros - Sony A7II SEACAM 28/2 & 50/2.8 Macro - UK/Ireland Seacam Sales -see marinewildlife
Posted 14 April 2006 - 11:19 PM
There's a few girls down SOHO who will dispute that quote..
Dive safe
NOW ON SKYPE !!! ... deanb69
Posted 11 March 2007 - 11:20 PM
Subal ND800- Housing
Way to many strobes to list
subal ND800 setup with Ikelite 161 strobes
Still a film divasourus at heart in a digital world
Posted 09 February 2008 - 10:16 AM
Here is what I sometime do and probably violate a few PADI safety rule ...
Say I am horizontal, with the weight of the camera forward at head level, I exhale and this will pull me down into position of where I want to shoot my picture, sometime needed one finger, other time may be not, and yet other time the camera might rest on some rocks. Take a few shots and inhale, this float me back and up and away. It's 5 to 10 seconds event. I don't really pay attention to where my legs are. If I have too much air in my leg, I will get my orientation right and get rid of some air first before approaching the subject again.
Flickr: CADiver
Blog: 葉
Nikon D90, Tokina 10-17, Nikkor 60, 105VR, Nexus, Inon Z240 IV, Hartenberger Nano, FixLED 1000DX.
Posted 25 May 2008 - 10:04 PM
Looks like you hit a popular topic there
One thing I haven't found in the answers (might be there though), is that by placing you tanks lower (In upright position) at your BC plate, you can shift some weight, without adding any. This is how I got rid of my ancle weights.
I use my drysuit in water temperatures between -1,7°C and 15°C. In the configuration for the warmest water I dont even need weights at all.
Good luck, Morten
Posted 31 July 2008 - 09:57 PM
I shoot macro with my drysuit and SLR and at first it was challenging. Everytime I got horizontal, the air would shift to my legs and I would go vertical. I use 4lb ankle weights and now
it is perfect. I can lay on the sand or stay horizontal with very little effort. I highly recommend it. Some people who do not like ankle weights use very heavy fins, but it is the same difference.
Dive Dive Dive!
Posted 31 July 2008 - 11:44 PM
Recently I have started to use ankle weights as I felt that in conjuction with heavy fins (Scubapro Jets) and my lower legs raised in a wide legged 'skydiver' stance I achieve greater lateral stability and a finer degree of control in the water. I like to migrate a little air into my lower legs which helps relax my legs.
I tend not to use the shoulder auto dump and manually expel air from my left wrist seal by raising an arm but I guess it depends how quickly one moves in the water column.
This configuration allows me to adopt whatever body attitude I wish; flat and level, head up, inverted, but I'll probably change something next week...
· INON Z-240s & Sea & Sea YS-250 Pros
· SmallHD DP4 monitor & NA-DP4. Fisheye Aquavolt 3500s & 7000s
· Zen DP-100, DP-200 & DP-230
Posted 26 September 2008 - 02:13 AM
Posted 08 October 2008 - 12:49 PM
I drysuit dive a lot... I wear ankle weights, and used to wear two weight belts, distributing the weights around the bodyt. Now a days, I have one of the DUI Weight and Trim Harness (classic model) It works well. Its easier onthe body on the boat, shoulder straps help to take the load. And as the straps cross across the back, when in the water helps to distribute the weight, holding the body down.. I find this harness system easier to manage than two weight belts. Something worth considering.
They move your weight further down your body and spread your lead distibution so the strain is not all in one place, integrated have their place but....
Edited by wolfeeldiver, 08 October 2008 - 12:50 PM.


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Here is the timeline that I made for the 2010 GeneaBlogger Games and the Carnival of Genealogy. I chose to plot out the life of my great grandmother Alice Susan HILLIS and interweaved her life with that of her siblings and children. I am missing records from her later years as censuses are not available yet. I need to go through city directories more and find out more about the family. It is interesting to see how both families moved around the Cincinnati Tri-State area. I will be writing more articles about Alice for the COG and linking them to this timeline. Look for those next week.
5 Sep 1886 - Alice's parents, George E HILLIS and Mary Susan WASHBURN, marry in Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio.
24 Dec 1887 - Brother Joseph Mills HILLIS is born in Cincinnati, Ohio.
13 Dec 1888 - Brother Francis Marion is born in Cincinnati, Ohio
13 Aug 1896 - Sister Sylvia C is born in Kentucky.
1 Apr 1896 - Alice Susan HILLIS is born in Rabbit Hash, Boone county, Kentucky.
16 Nov 1898 - Sister Vallie I HILLIS is born in Indiana
5 Jun 1900 - The HILLIS family is enumerated in the 1900 US census in Anderson township, Hamilton county, Ohio.
Abt 1901 - Brother George HILLIS is born in Indiana.
May 1909 - A child is born to George and Mary.
7 Jul 1909 - The child dies in Ohio county, Indiana.
21 Apr 1910 - The HILLIS family is enumerated in the 1910 US census in Rising Sun, Ohio county, Indiana.
30 Dec 1906 - Son Barret Guy HILLIS is born in Indiana.
29 Feb 1912 - Mary gives birth to a stillborn son, Willard HILLIS.
1913 - Alice's father, George E HILLIS dies in Rising Sun Indiana.
2 Oct 1915 - Sister Sylvia marries Sidney Sayers CLEMENTS in Cincinnati, Ohio.
10 Jan 1917 - Alice Susan HILLIS marries Dewey Francis BASCOM in Lawrenceburg, Dearborn county, Indiana.
2 Sep 1918 - Alice and Dewey welcome their first child, Francis L BASCOM. He is born in Indiana.
19 Apr 1919 - Alice's mother, Mary Susan WASHBURN, dies in Cincinnati, Ohio.
6 Jan 1920 - Alice, Dewey and Francis are enumerated in the 1920 US Census in Aurora, Dearborn county, Indiana.
Abt 1922 - Brother Joseph marries Margaret.
30 Jun 1922 - Son Robert Bascom is born in Rising Sun, Indiana.
Abt 1923 - Sister Vallie marries Fred HESS.
1924 - Daughter is born in Covington, Kenton county, Kentucky.
6 Feb 1926 - Brother Francis marries Mary Ann JOHNSTON in Cincinnati, Ohio.
16 Jan 1927 - Mother in law, Susan SANDERS, dies in Hamilton, Butler county, Ohio.
1927 - Another daughter is born in Ohio.
14 Feb 1930 - Son Robert dies from strep throat in Hamilton, Butler county, Indiana.
9 Apr 1930 - Alice, Dewey and children are enumerated in Hamilton, Ohio.
30 Mar 1934 - Father in law, Willard Theodore BASCOM, dies in Hamilton, Ohio.
1935 - The family is enumerated in the 1935 Florida state census in Plant City, Hillsborough county, Florida.
1937-1942 - Family in the Cincinnati city directories living in Norwood, Hamilton county, Ohio. Dewey is a truck driver.
1944 - Family is in Norwood running G & M Fruits.
Late 1940s - Children marry in Cincinnati.
May 1974 - Brother Joseph dies in El Dorado, Butler county, Kansas.
2 Jun 1975 - Dewey dies in Hamilton county, Ohio.
12 Oct 1977 - Brother Francis dies in Rising Sun, Ohio county, Indiana.
31 Jul 1979 - Alice dies in Hamilton county, Ohio.
12 Apr 1984 - Son Francis dies in Newport, Campbell county, Kentucky.
14 Jan 1994 - Sister Vallie dies in Rising Sun, Indiana.
15 Jul 1995 - Brother Barrett dies in Hamilton county, Ohio.
Alice's two daughters are still living.


text:
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text:
I GREW UP in rural Mississippi, a black girl who lived "out in the booneys," fairly isolated from peers outside school. My God-fearing parents brought me up in an African Methodist Episcopal church that stood just beyond the edge of the woods. At the right age, I waded into a muddy watering hole, only recently vacated by the cows who drank there, and got dunked by the preacher and welcomed into the church and the kingdom of God.
That was my baptism, but I wouldn't call it a conversion experience. I felt very innocent then, and would until I left home for college in Massachusetts. There I got my first taste of diversity. Most of my classmates didn't believe as I did. Most of my African-American friends felt as if my faith was some kind of relic from our slave heritage, a white-supremacist trick that I had bought into.
Up until then I hadn't had any inclination to become political, and life hadn't given me any reason to be angry. I still haven't learned these traits well, even though it was in the educated Northeast, not the backwoods of Dixie, that I personally experienced the pain of racial hatred, sexism, and religious bigotry for the first time. ... I'm sure my generation will continue to struggle with meaning, identity, and purpose until they come to realize that, from an eternal perspective, the only equal opportunity that matters is our equal access to God's grace.
Jennifer Parker was an assistant editor with Urban Family magazine when this article appeared.
Image: Eye, Remus Moise / Shutterstock.com


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Hello! This is Jenn from Jenn Cuisine and Jill (jillouci), and we are so excited to be your hosts for the month of December! We can't wait to see what you all come up with. For this month, we decided to focus on a technique that seems intimidating to many, but with a little practice it's really not that hard at all – poaching. All poaching means is cooking something in simmering (not boiling) water. And what more perfect way to practice the skill of poaching than learning how to poach an egg? They can make a tasty breakfast, or salad accompaniment; there are so many different ways to use poached eggs, and they are used in cuisines from a variety of cultures.
Download the printable .pdf file HERE
The 1st recipe is one of the most well known poached egg dishes: eggs benedict – an open sandwich of English muffin, Canadian bacon, poached egg, and hollandaise sauce. This rich and decadent dish can be served as a really nice breakfast or brunch for having company over, and is sure to impress! The "daring" with this dish is in successfully poaching an egg in water, as well as making one of the famed mother sauces of France, the hollandaise.
Our 2nd recipe, oeufs en meurette (eggs in meurette sauce), is a classic dish from the region of Bourgogne (Burgundy) in France. It involves poaching an egg in a red wine/stock, which will then turn into a fabulous reduction sauce. One serves the poached egg on top of fried croûtes with sauce, bacon, mushrooms and pearl onions. This is also a great dish for breakfast/brunch as well.
And don't worry vegans, we did not forget about you! Instead of poaching an egg, we found a delicious poached homemade seitan sausage recipe that we think you will love!
We hope you enjoy this month's challenge, and have fun poaching!
Recipe Sources:
Eggs Benedict: Hollandaise sauce by Alton Brown
Oeufs en Meurette: From Cooking with Wine by Anne Willan, seen on Epicurious
Homemade Sundried Tomato & Pine Nut Seitan Sausages: From Trudy of Veggie num num
Blog-checking lines: Jenn and Jill have challenged The Daring Cooks to learn to perfect the technique of poaching an egg. They chose Eggs Benedict recipe from Alton Brown, Oeufs en Meurette from Cooking with Wine by Anne Willan, and Homemade Sundried Tomato & Pine Nut Seitan Sausages (poached) courtesy of Trudy of Veggie num num.
Posting Date: December 14, 2010
Download the printable. pdf file HERE
Poaching an egg is not very difficult technique-wise, it really is all about the timing and there are a few tricks that can help.
• Make sure to use the freshest eggs possible. Farm-fresh eggs will make for the best poached eggs. Old eggs will have a harder time with the whites spreading out all over the place when you place the egg in the water.
• Adding a bit of vinegar or acidic agent to your water will help stabilize the eggs and cook the whites faster, and keeping your water just below boiling point (about 190F) will help keep the fragile eggs from all the boiling bubble action rupturing the eggs. Also make sure to salt your poaching water well.
• The other main key to success is to crack your egg into a small bowl first, taking care not to break the yolk. Then it becomes easy to gently slide the entire egg into the water for the poaching process. Some people will also suggest swirling the poaching liquid into a bit of a vortex before sliding the egg in, in order to help keep the egg whites together. I've found it works fine whether or not you do this step.
• A poached egg is done when the whites are fully cooked and the yolk has just started to solidify but is still runny when you cut it open – usually three minutes. It's ok to go a little longer though depending on your desired firmness. I like mine so the edges of yolks are cooking but the inside is still runny, so I usually let them go 30s longer.
• You can poach eggs ahead of time (about a day). Just immerse them in ice water after poaching, and then keep them in a bowl of water in the fridge. When you are ready to use them, place them in hot (not boiling) water until they are warmed through.
Mandatory Items: To use the technique of poaching an egg (or vegan substitute) in either one of the recipes listed below or your own creative take on the challenge. But whatever you do MUST involve the technique of poaching.
Variations allowed: Three recipes involving poaching are provided. Two that involve poaching eggs, and one that poaches seitan sausage to be vegan friendly. If you have not made eggs benedict or oeufs en meurette before, we really encourage you to try one of the listed recipes. However, if dietary restrictions lead you in a different direction, you are already a pro at those recipes, or just have something waiting to burst from your creative hat, we would love to see what poached egg dishes you come up with!
The link to Veggie Num Num's seitan sausage recipe includes instructions for creamy polenta and tomato sauce, but feel free to use whatever recipes to accompany the sausages that you like, or none at all. I made my own polenta and some tomato sauce I canned earlier this summer, and it was fabulous, but this sausage would be good in so many preparations.
Preparation time:
Eggs Benedict: 20 minutes
Oeufs en Meurette: 60 – 90 minutes
Homemade Sundried Tomato & Pine Nut Seitan Sausages: 80 minutes to prepare the sausages; 30 minutes more if you make the polenta and tomato sauce and fry the sausages.
Equipment required:
Generally for poaching eggs you need:
• Large shallow pan
• Small bowl (for cracking eggs into)
• Large slotted spoon for lifting out poached eggs
• Timer
For Eggs Benedict:
• Double boiler (for the hollandaise)
• Alternatively a saucepan and heat proof mixing bowl that is large enough to sit on top
• Toaster or oven for toasting English muffins
• Frying pan for cooking bacon
• Thermos, carafe, or bowl (in which to keep the hollandaise warm)
For Oeufs en Meurette:
• Large shallow pan/pot for poaching
• Medium saucepan for sautéing, and then for frying the croûtes
• Paper towels
For Homemade Sundried Tomato & Pine Nut Seitan Sausages:
• Deep sauté pan or stock pot
• Small and large mixing bowls
• Food processor (optional)
• 4 pieces of cheesecloth (30 x 30 cm) (see note)
• 8 pieces of kitchen twine (8 in. each)
Eggs Benedict
Serves 4
4 eggs (size is your choice)
2 English muffins*
4 slices of Canadian bacon/back bacon (or plain bacon if you prefer)
Chives, for garnish
Splash of vinegar (for poaching)
For the hollandaise (makes 1.5 cups):
3 large egg yolks
1 tsp. (5 ml) water
¼ tsp. (1 ¼ ml/1½ g) sugar
12 Tbl. (170 g/6 oz.) unsalted butter, chilled and cut in small pieces º
½ tsp. (2 ½ ml/3 g) kosher salt
2 tsp. (10 ml) freshly squeezed lemon juice
Pinch cayenne pepper (optional)
* for gluten free, use gluten free English muffins or bread of your choice
º for dairy free, use a dairy free margarine
1. Fill a medium saucepan halfway with water and bring to a simmer.
2. Cut the chilled butter into small pieces and set aside.
3. Whisk egg yolks and 1 tsp. (5 ml) water in a mixing bowl large enough to sit on the saucepan without touching the water (or in top portion of a double boiler). Whisk for 1–2 minutes, until egg yolks lighten. Add the sugar and whisk 30 seconds more.
4. Place bowl on saucepan over simmering water and whisk steadily 3–5 minutes (it only took about 3 for me) until the yolks thicken to coat the back of a spoon.
5. Remove from heat (but let the water continue to simmer) and whisk in the butter, 1 piece at a time. Move the bowl to the pan again as needed to melt the butter, making sure to whisk constantly.
6. Once all the butter is incorporated, remove from heat and whisk in the salt, lemon juice, and cayenne pepper (if using).
7. Keep the hollandaise warm while you poach your eggs in a thermos, carafe, or bowl that you've preheated with warm water.
8. If the water simmering in your pan has gotten too low, add enough so that you have 2–3 inches of water and bring back to a simmer.
9. Add salt and a splash of vinegar (any kind will do). I added about a tablespoon of vinegar to my small saucepan (about 3 cups of water/720 ml of water), but you may need more if you're using a larger pan with more water.
10. Crack eggs directly into the very gently simmering water (or crack first into a bowl and gently drop into the water), making sure they're separated. Cook for 3 minutes for a viscous but still runny yolk.
11. While waiting for the eggs, quickly fry the Canadian/back bacon and toast your English muffin.
12. Top each half of English muffin with a piece of bacon. Remove the eggs with a slotted spoon, draining well, and place on top of the bacon. Top with hollandaise and chopped chives, and enjoy!
Oeufs en Meurette
Serves 8
If you wish to halve this recipe, make sure to adjust your large shallow pan size accordingly so that you have enough depth for poaching your eggs. The poached eggs and the meurette sauce can be made up to a day in advance. Just take care store the poached eggs in a bowl of water in the fridge, and the meurette sauce can be easily reheated.
8 eggs (size is your choice)
1 bottle red wine (750ml/25 fl. oz.)
2 cups (400ml/16 fl. oz.) chicken stock*‡
1 onion, sliced
1 carrot, sliced
1 celery stalk, sliced
1 clove garlic, crushed
Bouquet garni (thyme, parsley, bay leaf)
½ tsp. (2 ½ ml/3g) black peppercorns
2 Tbl. (30 ml/30g) butter°
¼ lb. (115g) mushrooms, sliced
¼ lb (115g) bacon, diced‡
16 pearl onions, peeled (200g/7oz.)
Vegetable oil for frying
8 slices of baguette, ¼" (6mm) thick
2 Tbl. (30 ml/30g) butter, room temp.°
2 Tbl. (30 ml/20g) flour *
salt and pepper
*for gluten free make sure to use gluten free stock and gluten free flour
‡ for vegetarian use vegetable stock, and omit bacon.
° for dairy free use a dairy free margarine.
Other notes on ingredients:
• You can use salted or unsalted butter, you will just have to adjust your "salt & pepper to taste" accordingly. I use unsalted.
• As this is a Burgundian dish, a full-bodied red wine like a pinot noir is a great wine to use for this dish. Anne Willan recommends a fruity red wine and I personally love the way a bold pinot noir works with this sauce, though you certainly can use whatever you like best. She also notes that you can make ouefs au mersault. Mersault is the famed white wine region of Bourgogne, and is generally made using chardonnay grapes, so it would be ok to choose a white wine if you want (though I have never tried it with white). No matter what wine you choose, make sure it is not too dry nor too sweet.
• To make a bouquet garni, just take the herbs (a few sprigs of each) and tie them together into a little bundle. Since the sauce will reduce for a while, it's ok if you don't have the fresh herbs – there will be time for flavor to come out of dried ones (for ex. fresh bay leaf may be hard to find). Alternatively, if you don't have a way to tie them, you could just add the whole sprigs/bay leaves to the sauce and then just make sure to remove them when the sauce is done reducing.
1. Heat wine and stock together in a large pan and poach eggs a couple at a time for 3-4 min. Yolks should be firming but still a little soft. Set them aside.
2. Add the veggies, herbs, and peppercorns to the poaching liquid and let the sauce simmer until reduced to half volume. This will become the meurette sauce.
3. In a separate large skillet, melt 1 tbs. (15ml/15g) of the butter on medium-high heat and sauté the mushrooms until soft and then set aside. Add in another 1 tbs. (15ml/15g) butter and the bacon, frying until browned, then set aside on a paper towel. Turn down the heat to medium, add in the pearl onions and sauté until softened and browned. Then drain off the fat and add the bacon and mushrooms back to the pan and set aside off the heat for the moment.
4. In a medium skillet, heat a few tbs. of oil and then fry the baguette slices until browned on each side. Add more oil as needed. Set the fried bread (croûtes) on a paper towel and then place on a baking sheet in an oven that is set to 200F/95C/gas mark 1/4 or whatever your lowest setting is to keep them warm.
5. Blend 2 Tbl. (30ml/30g) butter and flour together to form a paste of sorts that will be used as the thickener for the sauce. Whisk this into the reduction sauce until the sauce starts to thicken.
Strain the sauce over the skillet of mushrooms, bacon and onions, and return the skillet to heat, bringing to a boil. Season with salt & pepper to taste, then set aside again.
6. Reheat the eggs by placing them in hot water for a quick minute. To serve, plate a poached egg on top of a croûte, and then ladle some of the mushrooms/bacon/onions and sauce on top.
Homemade Sundried Tomato & Pine Nut Seitan Sausages
Makes 8 sausages
¼ cup (60ml/150 g/5.3 oz.) pine nuts, toasted
½ a red onion (I used a full onion)
1 red chili (I used a ripe jalapeño from my garden)
1 cup (240 ml/75 g/2-2/3 oz.) whole sundried tomatoes
¼ cup (60 ml/2 fl. oz.) olive oil
1¼ cups (300 ml/10 fl. oz.) vegetable stock
2 Tbl. (30 ml/30 g) tomato paste
2½ cups (600 ml/250 g/½ lb.) vital wheat gluten (gluten flour)
1 tsp. (5ml/4 g) dried thyme
1 tsp. (5ml/4 g) paprika
For the poaching liquid:
6+ cups (1.5+ L/51+ fl. oz.) vegetable stock
3 garlic cloves, peeled and smashed
2 bay leaves
Additional notes:
• Cheesecloth can be found at most major grocery stores, hardware stores, and home stores. If you don't have and can't find cheesecloth, you could use any thin, clean (undyed and untreated) permeable cloth, gauze, cotton flour sack towel, coffee filters (for smaller sausages), or maybe even clean socks you don't care about staining.
• Vital wheat gluten can be purchased online from Amazon, or you can try making it yourself from whole wheat flour (see additional information).
1. Place 6 cups of stock, the crushed garlic cloves, and the bay leaves in a deep sauté pan or stock pot (you may need to add additional stock to cover the sausages). Heat on medium.
2. Toast the pine nuts.
3. Finely mince the pine nuts, red onion, chili, and sundried tomatoes (a food processor works well here).
4. Whisk the 1¼ cups of stock with the tomato paste and olive oil in a small bowl.
5. Combine the vital wheat gluten with the dried thyme (I left this out because I didn't have any!), paprika, and pine nut/onion/chili/sundried tomato mixture.
6. Slowly add the stock/olive oil/tomato paste to the vital wheat gluten. Mix until you have a smooth dough. You will probably not need to add all the liquid. I added maybe ¾ of the liquid and the result was a rather wet dough. Whatever liquid you have left can be added to the poaching liquid.
7. Divide the dough into four portions. Each quarter will make a sausage about 10 inches (25 cm) long. You have a couple of shaping options here. You can make four 10 inch (25 cm) sausages, or 8 smaller ones. I made 10 inch sausages, tied off both ends, then twisted the middle to form two sausage links. This made each side a little tighter, and made it easier to fit them in my pot. Any way you choose, make sure you wrap each section tightly in the cheesecloth and tie off the ends with twine. Keep in mind, also, that the seitan will swell a little as it cooks, so the sausages will become fatter.
8. If the poaching liquid is not yet boiling, turn up the heat until it does. Add the sausages and turn the heat down to a simmer. Simmer gently for 45–50 minutes, or until the sausages are firm.
9. Remove the sausages from the poaching liquid (reserve the liquid if you don't plan on eating all the sausages immediately). Allow the sausages to cool a little and gently unwrap. These may be refrigerated in their poaching liquid for a week.
Additional Information:
Culinary Institute of America tutorial on eggs benedict including homemade English muffins, poaching eggs, and making hollandaise sauce:
Epicurious video tutorial on hollandaise:
A tutorial for making seitan from whole wheat flour:
To make the sausages this way, I'd try kneading the recipe ingredients in by hand once most of the excess starch has been rinsed away.


text:
Believing: an historical perspective
Oneworld, Oct 25, 1998 - Religion - 136 pages
In this radical study, William Cantwell Smith traces the history of believing through a combination of philosophical perspective and the study of biblical passages.
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affirm ancient Egyptians Bible Buddhist century chap chapter Christ Christian Church comparativist concept course culture Damaris Masham discussion edition English explicitly fact Faith & Belief false Francis Bacon Fraser Gifford Lectures Glauben Greek Hebrew Hindu historian of religion historical Hobbes human history imagine instance intellectual interpretation involved ISBN Islamic Jesus John Locke judgement Keith Ward language less linguistic logic London matter meaning meant mediaeval modern Mouroux Muslims natural Nonetheless notion noun object once one's oneself opinion Oscar Cullmann particular perhaps person philosophers philosophy of religion phrase pistis Plotinus presuppositions primarily proposition question Qur'an recent recognize relation religious statements Revised Standard Version sense sentence significant speaks suggest Summa Theologiae symbols term Testament theologians theology thesis thing thought to-day transcendent translation true trust truth understand usage voll Western Wilfred Cantwell Smith word belief world-view writes wrong


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Beats After Sunset
February 7, 2015 @ 8:00 am - 11:00 pm
|Recurring Event (See all)
First Friday of each month
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Every first Friday of the month, the Bass Museum offers Beats After Sunset, an art-and-music-filled happy hour on the museum's terrace for anyone 21 years or older.
Guests can enjoy the current art exhibitions, a guest DJ, and complimentary cocktails from sponsoring spirit companies. The party runs from 8 to 11 p.m. at the Bass Museum of Art


text:
Jacket or Overcoat!?
Added Oct 14, 2012
Moscow, Russian ...
My friend came to me with a request to make her an overcoat, but she didn't want it to look like one. She said that she wants a JACKET for winter! RUSSIAN winter is very cold I must say. So we got wool, and I just had to pave it with baize, because the model is not very long and front area is quite open. So I used Burda 8/2009 #102 pattern and made it! The jacket came out great – a bit heavy though.
- Season
- Winter
- For
- Women
- Garment Type
- Jacket/Blazer
- Style
- Classic
- Material
- Wool
7 Comments Sign in to add a post
Oct 18, 2012, 04.36 AMby smallone
wow this is wonderful…so clean lined so well made … no doubt your friend is very pleased.
Oct 17, 2012, 09.45 PMby Katerina Petrova
Thank you sooo much. If you knew how your support and good word inspire me to do more! And yes for this jacket a thik sweater and scarf is a must!
Oct 17, 2012, 01.26 AMby nahoko
love it! great color and style!
Oct 16, 2012, 04.41 PMby pauline alice
This is such a beautiful jacket/coat. That dark green wool is beautiful and the golden buttons are spot on. This is very elegant and looks quite warm at the same time. Maybe your friend will still need a big scarf, no?
Oct 15, 2012, 09.32 AMby eliseanna
Love this, wish I had one to wear in a Canadian winter! Great job.
Oct 14, 2012, 10.13 PMby kess
Love the color and the shape! I can't believe this is warm enough for a russion winter! it looks so flattering and relatively lightweight!
Oct 14, 2012, 08.06 PMby chased-away
I love it!!
Add to Favorites 11 people added it


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Kankakee man indicted in murder for hire case >
A federal grand jury indicted a Kankakee man this week on two-counts of using interstate commerce facilities in commission of a murder-for-hire plot.
32-year-old Joshua Bisping allegedly attempted to hire an undercover agent to kill his ex-wife. Bisping was arrested June 5th after a week long investigation by federal agents and Kankakee Project Safe Neighborhoods Task Force agents.
If convicted, Bisping faces up to 20 years in federal prison. He'll be arrainged in federal court in Urbana July 23rd.


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Difference between revisions of "Compiz/Configuration"
m (" don't " -> " do not ")
|Line 1:
|Line 1:
Revision as of 09:35, 2 March 2012
edge bindings
While there are many things you can do with the edge bindings (not wasting key combinations / mouse-buttons for short-cuts), the standard settings of some plug-ins might be rather annoying or confusing. If you notice any seemingly random view-port changes, plug-in activations or just "stuff moving away and around wtf!?", check your activated plug-ins for edge bindings.
Desktop Plane
While many seem to switch to Compiz in the first place because of having seen the Desktop Cube, some might find the Plane more attractive, as it offers some work-flow enhancements like being able to drag windows up or down from the current Desktop to Desktop-2 / Desktop+2
Can be used to see all your Desktops at once. Also if you do not like using a window decorator, it is a good way to drag your windows around on a or between viewpoints (just put expo on a mouse button, if you got one to spare). Blends in especially good with Desktop plane, as 2x2 (/ 3x3) view-ports enable it to use to full screen without deforming them.
Widget Layer
As quite a few auto-hiding applications do not seem to work that well with compiz, the widget plug-in comes in handy. You can set it to show all windows you defined as widgets using the same screen border / mouse-over. Resizing (maximized) windows when adding/removing a dock seems to be more painless with widget layer than with built-in auto-hide for most docks / panels (well - the ones I tried).
The magnifier comes in especially handy if you use your Desktop from a bigger Desktop (p.E. as media-centre). Using the fish eye mode with a big radius might be most effective while trying to do minor "menu / file navigation" and setting zoom in/out to <TopEdge>Button4 / 5 lets you easily zoom with mouse only without wasting a mouse button (mouse wheel @ very top of screen).
window management
Part of the compiz-fusion unsupported plug-in package available from the AUR; use keys (standard: ctrl+alt+[numpad]) to resize and arrange windows to an imaginary grid. Works & looks best without window decorations as sort of "tiling window manager".
The scale Add-on lets you easily choose a window from thumbnails to switch to, to close, or to switch it to the current view-port (see utilities / scale extensions) offering an efficient window chooser if you do not have too many open at once (10 per screen work fine for me). This one might be especially useful on a mouse button, too, if you've got one to spare.
Something something looking good here.
Sample Configurations
Compiz as tiling window manager without window decorations
- ctrl+alt+[numpad] arranges the current window
- left and right bottom corner shows Taskbar
- mouse control for everything (but typing ;))
- some effects
- & more
[core] as_active_plugins = core;session;glib;grid;notification;workarounds;place;put;wall;regex;blur;dbus;fs;inotify;widget;animation;resize;text;mousepoll;obs;expo;fade;move;staticswitcher;mag;scale;scaleaddon; s0_hsize = 2 s0_vsize = 2 [wall] as_show_switcher = false s0_edgeflip_dnd = true as_flip_down_edge = [expo] as_reflection = false as_vp_brightness = 100.000000 as_expo_edge = as_expo_button = Button9 as_mipmaps = true as_zoom_time = 0.150000 as_vp_distance = 0.000000 [scale] as_initiate_edge = as_initiate_all_button = Button8 s0_darken_back = false s0_opacity = 100 s0_overlay_icon = 0 s0_multioutput_mode = 1 as_show_desktop = false s0_hover_time = 100 s0_spacing = 4 s0_timestep = 0.100000 s0_speed = 2.615500 [scaleaddon] s0_window_highlight = true s0_highlight_color = #ffffff08 s0_window_title = 0 [mag] as_zoom_in_button = <TopEdge>Button4 as_zoom_out_button = <TopEdge>Button5 s0_mode = 2 s0_radius = 600 [place] s0_multioutput_mode = 3 s0_mode = 2 [workarounds] as_notification_daemon_fix = true as_firefox_menu_fix = true as_legacy_fullscreen = true as_qt_fix = true as_convert_urgency = true [move] as_opacity = 85 [blur] s0_filter = 1 s0_independent_tex = true s0_mipmap_lod = 1.700000 s0_gaussian_radius = 7 s0_alpha_blur_match = (any) & !(class=Conky) [put] as_put_next_output_button = Button10 s0_speed = 10.441400 s0_timestep = 0.100000 [obs] s0_opacity_matches = type=dock | Tooltip | Menu | PopupMenu | DropdownMenu;(any) & !(class=Whaawmp.py | class=Gimp | class=Inkscape | class=Xfdesktop | class=Ristretto); s0_opacity_values = 70;90; [animation] s0_close_effects = animation:Dream;animation:Fade;animation:Fade; s0_open_effects = animation:Magic Lamp;animation:Fade;animation:Fade; s0_focus_effects = animation:Dodge; s0_open_durations = 150;100;100; s0_close_durations = 150;100;100; s0_minimize_durations = 150; s0_shade_durations = 150; s0_focus_durations = 150; [widget] s0_bg_brightness = 100 s0_fade_time = 0.250000 s0_match = type=Dock as_toggle_edge = BottomLeft|BottomRight s0_end_on_click = false [staticswitcher] s0_highlight_mode = 2 s0_highlight_rect_hidden = 2 as_next_key = Disabled as_next_no_popup_key = <Alt>Tab as_prev_all_key = Disabled


text:
The Ultimate Paranormal and UFO Event
August 29th and 30th 2009.
Weird '09 is Wiltshire's premier UFO and paranormal event.
We are proud to present a stellar line-up of distinguished speakers, from the UK and the US, who will share with you their expertise and experiences in ufology, the paranormal and crop circle research.
Speaking live will be Nick Pope, Paul Devereux, Joe McGonagle, Dr. Peter McCue, Malcolm Robinson, Mike Oram, Kevin Goodman, Hayley Stevens, Nick Redfern and Brian Allan. Recorded interviews with Dr. David Clarke and Steve Dewey will also be shown.
Warminster nestles in the beautiful rural countryside of Wiltshire, within easy striking distance of important ancient monuments, including Stonehenge, Avebury, West Kennet Long Barrow and Silbury Hill. The impressive Iron Age hill forts of Battlesbury and Scratchbury are also close by.
You will also be able to join the annual Warminster Sky Watch at the fabled Cradle Hill and participate in a paranormal investigation.
Weird 09, 29-30 Aug
Started by carlotta , Jul 15 2009 05:34 AM
No replies to this topic
Posted 15 July 2009 - 05:34 AM
Who owns the land? Only the land knows. We mortals are passersby, and our lives are but a brief moment in the great span of time and space. We are born, we live out our lives, and most of us do the best we can with it, but the wind is forever, and the rivers flow forever to the sea, and all the seasons of the weathers will come and go after we are gone. But the Earth endures, the Earth is eternal" - Earl Hamner
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There has been a lot of speculation surrounding the proposed destination of Europe's elite striker Edinson Cavani.
Not only are Real Madrid keen to sign the Napoli star, but Manchester City are also believed to have put in a firm bid for the 26-year-old Uruguayan international.
Chelsea have also entered the race, a move which would boost their Premier League title chances next season, an in-form striker will be very handy with their misfiring Fernando Torres and Demba Ba having failed to light up Stamford Bridge.
Cavani would be the perfect choice for Jose Mourinho to have in front of his three magicians.
Mata, Hazard and Oscar have proved they have what it takes to not only assist the front men, but also score and score they have.
It has been rumoured that Mata is not part of Mourinho's plans next season, however this has been refuted as Mourinho will tell Mata his role when he gets back from the Confederations Cup in Brazil.
Not only is Cavani quick, he can head and his biggest asset is no doubt his strength on and off the ball.
He is a very desirable choice for the Blues next season especially with the three Barcelona-esque players behind him.
Would Cavani be a good Chelsea signing?
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text:
CHULA VISTA, CA, October 25, 2009 — More than one hundred of the world's best BMX racers met in California for this year's BMX Supercross World Cup, and thousands of spectators heard every squeal of the tires, thanks to a creative use of a Shure PSM ®700 personal in-ear monitoring system. BMX supercross
The action took place at the U.S. Olympic Training Center (OTC) race course in southern San Diego County. The state-of-the-art track was modeled after the course at the Beijing Olympics, but the three-acre site created some challenges as far as audio was concerned. With leased audio systems costing close to $30,000 per event, OTC officials decided the World Cup was the perfect opportunity to install a permanent sonic infrastructure that could be expanded as needs arose.
The OTC enlisted the help of Quiet Voice Audio of Fallbrook to design and build the system. "The rental systems previously used at the OTC were mainly generic in their approach," explained Quiet Voice founder and Principal Jon Bart. "As a result, obtaining full coverage and the volume needed for these high-energy special events often fell short."
Bart began by inspecting the race course and adjacent areas, only to discover the absence of conduits needed for loudspeaker cable runs and balanced audio feed lines. Electrical outlets were also minimal at best—three to be exact—over the entire coverage area.
"There was, however, a tower located on the east side of the track that could serve as a vantage point for mixing and as a main system control center," Bart said. "The question remaining was how to get our audio signals from there to all points of coverage. With seating on all four sides, the track needed a lot more than the single point source arrays that had been used by many of the rental sound companies in the past."
With little to no hope of developing a totally hard-wired distributed system plan, given the lack of conduits and power, Bart decided wireless was the solution. "It was only logical," Bart said. "Why not use UHF-FM to get our signals across some of the distances involved, and never mind the need for loudspeaker lines? We wanted to see how far we could push the envelope distance-wise with full quieting."
With a total of 14 self-powered loudspeakers distributed around the track, Quiet Voice decided to take a trailblazing step and use a Shure PSM® 700 personal in-ear monitoring system in a unique way. Made safe by mounting inside of a weatherproof Pelican box outfitted with a Lemo connector for an antenna connection, a TRS 3.5mm connector to manage audio output, and a Shure PS9US 9V battery eliminator with a female 9V terminal clip added, the PSM ®700 receiver was attached to the side of one of the self-powered loudspeakers distributed on the opposite side of the track facing the control tower. Using Shure paddle antennas at the receiver and transmitter end in the tower, Quiet Voice took the wireless signal received at the single loudspeaker location on the other side of the track and fed it to 8 of the 14 loudspeakers via standard balanced lines. The remaining six loudspeakers near the control tower were wired with conventional cabling.
"Shure's PSM® 700 system was a natural choice, due to its size, wide frequency response, smooth compression, quiet operation, and rugged construction," Bart remarked. "It also allowed us to get clean, full-quieting signals from point-to-point using off-the-shelf directional antennas. Now we have plenty of room for future growth throughout the OTC, since we can easily cover larger areas by simply adding more receivers at additional points across the complex."
The unorthodox wireless design proved to be a success on race day, when the emcees used Shure ULX Beta 58 wireless microphones, and, according to Bart, "cut through the night like a laser above the DJ track. If you're a sound person, you know that feeling when everything is working. The race introduction rolled into the Pledge of Allegiance and National Anthem. Then the Navy SEAL Leap Frogs parachuted onto the track trailed by colored smoke and an American flag. The crowd went nuts, but you could still clearly hear the voices of the emcees above it all. We live for that, and the OTC staff and sponsors were pleased as well."
Like everyone else, Bart likes a story with a happy ending. The BMX Supercross World Cup was a win-win proposition in terms of audio, with Bart and his crew getting an opportunity to think creatively and use high quality Shure components in ways not normally envisioned.