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A primary brain tumor is a group (mass) of abnormal cells that start in the brain. This article focuses on primary brain tumors in adults.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Primary brain tumors include any tumor that starts in the brain. Primary brain tumors can start from brain cells, the membranes around the brain (meninges), nerves, or glands.
Tumors can directly destroy brain cells. They can also damage cells by producing inflammation, placing pressure on other parts of the brain, and increasing pressure within the skull.
The cause of primary brain tumors is unknown. There are many possible risk factors that could play a role.
- Radiation therapy to the brain, used to treat brain cancers, increases the risk for brain tumors up to 20 or 30 years afterwards.
- Exposure to radiation at work or to power lines, as well as head injuries, smoking, and hormone replacement therapy have NOT been proven to be risk factors.
- The risk of using cell phones is hotly debated. However, most recent studies have found that cell phones, cordless phones, and wireless devices are safe and do not increase the risk.
- Some inherited conditions increase the risk of brain tumors, including neurofibromatosis, Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, and Turcot syndrome.
- Lymphomas that begin in the brain in people with a weakened immune system are sometimes linked to the Epstein-Barr virus.
Brain tumors are classified depending on:
- The location of the tumor
- The type of tissue involved
- Whether they are noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant)
- Other factors
Sometimes, tumors that start out less aggressive can become more aggrssive.
Tumors may occur at any age, but many types of tumors are most common in a certain age group. In adults, gliomas and meningiomas are most common.
Gliomas come from glial cells such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells. The gliomas are divided into three types:
- Astrocytic tumors include astrocytomas (can be noncancerous), anaplastic astrocytomas, and glioblastomas.
- Oligodendroglial tumors. Some primary brain tumors are made up of both astrocytic and oligodendrocytic tumors. These are called mixed gliomas.
- Glioblastomas are the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor.
Meningiomas and schwannomas are two other types of brain tumor. These tumors:
- Occur most often between ages 40 and 70
- Are usually noncancerous, but still may cause serious complications and death from their size or location. Some are cancerous and aggressive.
Meningiomas are much more common in women. Schwannomas affect both genders equally.
Other primary brain tumors in adults are rare. These include:
- Ependymomas
- Craniopharyngiomas
- Pituitary tumors
- Primary CNS lymphoma
- Primary lymphoma of the brain
- Pineal gland tumors
- Primary germ cell tumors of the brain
Some tumors may not cause symptoms until they are very large. Then they can quickly damage a person's health. Other tumors have symptoms that develop slowly.
The symptoms depend on the tumor's size, location, how far it has spread, and whether there is swelling. The most common symptoms are:
- Changes in the person's mental function
- Headaches
- Seizures (especially in older adults)
- Weakness in one part of the body
Headaches caused by brain tumors may:
- Be worse when the person wakes up in the morning, and clear up in a few hours
- Occur during sleep
- Occur with vomiting, confusion, double vision, weakness, or numbness
- Get worse with coughing or exercise, or with a change in body position
Other symptoms may include:
- Change in alertness (including sleepiness, unconsciousness, and coma)
- Changes in hearing
- Changes in taste or smell
- Changes that affect touch and the ability to feel pain, pressure, different temperatures, or other stimuli
- Clumsiness
- Confusion or memory loss
- Difficulty swallowing
- Difficulty writing or reading
- Dizziness or abnormal sensation of movement (vertigo)
- Eye problems
- Hand tremor
- Lack of control over the bladder or bowels
- Loss of balance
- Loss of coordination
- Muscle weakness in the face, arm, or leg (usually on just one side)
- Numbness or tingling on one side of the body
- Personality, mood, behavior, or emotional changes
- Problems with eyesight, including decreased vision, double vision, or total loss of vision
- Trouble speaking or understanding others who are speaking
- Trouble walking
Other symptoms that may occur with a pituitary tumor:
- Abnormal nipple discharge
- Absent menstruation (periods)
- Breast development in men
- Enlarged hands, feet
- Excessive body hair
- Facial changes
- Low blood pressure
- Obesity
- Sensitivity to heat or cold
Signs and tests
Most brain tumors increase pressure in the skull and press on brain tissue because of their size and weight.
The following tests may confirm the presence of a brain tumor and find its location:
- CT scan of the head
- Examination of tissue removed from the tumor during surgery or CT-guided biopsy (may confirm the type of tumor)
- Examination of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) (may show cancerous cells)
- MRI of the head
Treatment can involve surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Brain tumors are best treated by a team that includes:
- Neuro-oncologist
- Neurosurgeon
- Oncologist
- Radiation oncologist
- Other health care providers, such as neurologists and social workers
Early treatment often improves the chance of a good outcome. How you are treated depends on the size and type of tumor and your general health. The goals of treatment may be to cure the tumor, relieve symptoms, and improve brain function or comfort.
Surgery is often needed for most primary brain tumors. Some tumors may be completely removed. Those that are deep inside the brain or that enter brain tissue may be debulked instead of removed. Debulking is a procedure to reduce the tumor's size.
Tumors can be hard to remove completely by surgery alone, because the tumor invades surrounding brain tissue much like roots from a plant spread through soil. When the tumor cannot be removed, surgery may still help reduce pressure and relieve symptoms.
Radiation therapy is used for certain tumors.
Chemotherapy may be used with surgery or radiation treatment.
Other medications used to treat primary brain tumors in children may include:
- Corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, to reduce brain swelling
- Medicines such as urea or mannitol to reduce brain swelling and pressure
- Anticonvulsants, such as evetiracetam (Keppra), to reduce seizures
- Pain medications
- Antacids or histamine blockers to control stress ulcers
Comfort measures, safety measures, physical therapy, and occupational therapy may be needed to improve quality of life. Counseling, support groups, and similar measures can help people cope with the disorder.
You may consider enrolling in a clinical trial after talking with your treatment team.
Legal advice may be helpful for creating advanced directives such as a power of attorney.
- Brain herniation (often fatal)
- Uncal herniation
- Foramen magnum herniation
- Loss of ability to interact or function
- Permanent, worsening, and severe loss of brain function
- Return of tumor growth
- Side effects of medications, including chemotherapy
- Side effects of radiation treatments
Calling your health care provider
Call your health care provider if you develop any new, persistent headaches or other symptoms of a brain tumor.
Call your provider or go to the emergency room if you start having seizures, or suddenly develop stupor (reduced alertness), vision changes, or speech changes.
- Buckner JC, Brown PD, O'Neill BP, Meyer FB, Wetmore CJ, Uhm JH. Central nervous system tumors. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(10):1271-1286.
- Stupp R, Roila F; ESMO Guidelines Working Group. Malignant glioma: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2009;20 Suppl 4:126-128.
- National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Central nervous system cancers. V.2.2009.
- Wen PY, Kesari S. Malignant gliomas in adults. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 31;359(5):492-507.
- Review Date: 12/1/2011.Reviewed by: Luc Jasmin, MD, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, and Department of Anatomy at UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Copyright © 2012, A.D.A.M., Inc.


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November Existing-Home Sales & Prices Maintain Uptrend
WASHINGTON (December 20, 2012) - Existing-home sales continued to improve in November with low inventory supply pressuring home prices, according to the National Association of Realtors®. More...
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National housing indicators
Existing home sales ()
5.04 million units*
Existing home median price ()
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*Seasonally adjusted annual rate. Source: NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS®.
National economic indicators
Home ownership
3rd Qtr 12
3rd Qtr 11
The homeownership rate in the third quarter 2012 (65.5 percent) was lower than the third quarter 2011 rate (66.3 percent). The homeownership rate in the South was lower than the corresponding second quarter 2011 rate, while the rates in the Northeast, Midwest, and West were not statistically different.
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Sales of new single-family houses in November 2012 were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 377,000. This is 4.4 percent (+/- 16.8%)* above the revised October 2012 estimate of 361,000.
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It's difficult to find the right words for a day like today. This is especially true when you're surrounded by drunk and overfed relatives who, quite frankly, don't want you spoiling their day off with another tirade on whales or Bosnians or whatever the hell it is today. But, god bless 'em, you're going to do it anyway. Years from now, your younger cousins will thank you for showing them that critical engagement with social issues is a far more effective ways to piss off adults than the entire Slipknot back catalogue. Congratulations, you're a role model.
Having a day off work is great, but it's important to be aware of what today represents to the indigenous people of the Americas. Many have called for a National Day of Mourning to commemorate the victims of a genocide that is yet ongoing. The systematic extermination of the original inhabitants of this continent defies comprehension in its scale and brutality. According to whose figures you accept, the native human population of the Americas was reduced by between 80 and 99 percent in the 400 years between Columbus' arrival and the massacre at Wounded Knee. We're talking about up to one hundred million people. More people than you could have met in ten lifetimes. More people than the top eight most populated cities in the world combined. A little more than one out of every one hundred people currently alive today. Behind every "self made" millionaire is this history of primitive accumulation.
Humans were not the only victims of these policies of extermination and the violent conversion of the common fruits of the Earth into discretely bound units of private property. In just a hundred years, the North American bison population dropped from about 60 million to one or two million. [1] During the mid nineteenth century, passenger pigeons thrived to such a degree that "there would be days and days when the air was alive with them, hardly a break occurring in the flocks for half a day at a time. Flocks stretched as far as a person could see, one tier above another." [2] Today, they are completely extinct.
Area of primary forests in the United States (lower 48)
The ecosystems of North America were once burgeoning with an integrated diversity of species: salmon, wolves, mink, ermine, badgers, beavers, otters, bears, cougars, bobcats, cranes, eagles, turkeys and so on. Yet one by one, these creatures were displaced and nearly or completely eradicated because of the same philosophy that legitimized the genocide of American Indians, the same philosophy that legitimized the exploitation of European peasants and the same philosophy that legitimizes global capitalism today: manifest destiny. That what is is good because god wills it; because it is "natural." The genocidal imperative.
Ward Churchill has made the argument that we ought not be surprised when the United States government engages in wars of aggression overseas or domestic repression at home. After all, it was the genocidal imperative that founded this country and, from near the outset, wealth began to be centralized among those who were willing to commit the most heinous atrocities. We have arrived at a point now where our society rests on a foundation of normalized violence. Our economy depends on war all the time to function. The bodies of the body politic literally run on the product of extreme systemic violence: 50 billion nonhuman animals killed every year for a nutritional need that does not exist. The aforementioned staggering death tolls pale in numerical comparison to this figure, yet it occurs annually and with little fanfare.
We are not listing these examples to try to present some sort of equivalency between the suffering endured by humans and the suffering endured by nonhumans. Quantifying and comparing one person's suffering or oppression to another's is absurd and incoherent. The purpose is to identify common modes of oppression and the cultural logics which justify them. The purpose is to honor and mourn those who are gone and to fight with those who still remain. The purpose is to understand the history of how we got came to live in arguably the most violent society in all history and to ask why that seems normal to so many of us.
If we are aware of the histories that precede us, then we can begin to construct functional and peaceful alternatives to the cultural logic of genocide. Confronting manifest destiny is a necessary part of this process even if (and maybe especially if) it makes your relatives uncomfortable.
"As an indigenous person, the fur trade represents so much more to me than just animal abuse. It represents cultural genocide. They were the footsoldiers of an invasion and conquest of the new world. They were ones who introduced disease and alcoholism. They were the ones who introduced gunpowder and many many things that lead to our decimation."–Rod Coronado
If you plan on eating turkey this thanskgiving, this is required viewing. Please don't fool yourself into thinking that "humanely raised" or "free range" turkeys live and die in appreciably different conditions. Raising animals for food means rape, castration and murder 100% of the time.
1. The Eternal Frontier, Tim Flannery, Atlantic Monthly Press, 2001, pg 321-322
2. A Green History of the World, Clive Ponting, Penguin Books, 1992, pg 168-170


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Bernie Thiel couldn't hide his frustration the day after Congress failed to move an immigration reform bill that he and others in agriculture hoped would develop a workable solution to a labor shortage problem.
Thiel grows vegetables at Lubbock, Texas, and relies on immigrant labor to harvest perishable crops.
The day after the immigration reform failed in Congress he had a crew and a half working. "I'm short two-and-half crews," he said. "And I am disgusted."
Thiel has tried to find local workers, but says response to advertisements has been almost nil, and those who did respond didn't last long at the hard labor.
"I'm missing about 10 of my regular crew members and am suffering losses because of it."
Current programs are not working, he says.
"A friend in Arizona tried to get labor through the H2A program. He needed 50 and he got 15. Others couldn't get in."
Anyone who has ever been picked up as an illegal and sent back is no longer considered eligible through the H2A program, Thiel notes. "That's just politics — and it's unrealistic. We need workers."
Legislators' failures will hurt agriculture, he says, especially segments like vegetable and fruit production, that depend heavily on manual labor.
"Congress got caught up with political correctness. The reason 98 percent of illegal immigrants are here is to work. Congress was trying to make citizens out of them and trying to determine how many family members they could bring over. They got too creative."
The problem goes back a long way.
"The federal government has never enforced the law," Thiel says. "They never really busted anyone for hiring illegal workers, and now we have a huge mess. Things are just out of kilter."
He worries that, even if Congress comes up with 11th hour legislation, it might include so much bureaucratic red tape the program would be too difficult to manage.
Pronouncing the benediction on immigration reform may be a bit premature, however.
"Sure, we can still get a bill done," says Billy Moore, Texas Employers for Immigration Reform, Washington, D.C.
About a dozen senators are making efforts to discuss the immigration issue and considering amendments, he notes.
"They're giving anyone interested a shot to change the bill," Moore says. "President Bush is working with the Republican Caucus and Majority Leader Harry Reid has indicated he'll agree to bring the bill back if they can get a consensus on amendments."
Moore says three windows of opportunity exist to get an immigration bill done this year. The last would be just after the July 4 recess, around the July 9-10.
"The next 30 days will be critical. If nothing happens within that period, the issue gets cold and senators move on to other things."
Moore says he and others with Texas ties are working hard to get a bill to the president's desk.
"We're contacting our two senators and encouraging them to finish the job. There is still a good opportunity to bring the bill back. And if they get an agreement on amendments, the likelihood of Senate passage is very good."


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Air & Style anniversary: From Innsbruck to
China on to Mexico
Oakley Shaun White Air & Style Beijing 2012 on December 8th, 2012 in the Olympic Stadium, Beijing.
Billabong Air & Style Innsbruck-Tirol 2013 on February 1st & 2nd, with a 2 day anniversary event and burn style session.
Expansion to Latin America with Air & Style Mexico-City on 24th & 25th May 2013.
Innsbruck, October 2012
Air & Style's 20th anniversary season 2012/13 will be celebrated with loads of style, epic snowboard action and an overdose of great music. Then in the 2013/14 season a third Air & Style contest will be established. What started in 1993 with 5.000 spectators has, without losing any of its exhilaration, grown to be the largest Big Air contest in the world and a very hot Tyrolean export. Nearly half a million live spectators have celebrated Air & Style events over the past 20 years in Innsbruck, Seefeld/Tyrol, Munich and Beijing.
Andrew Hourmont: "Who would have thought that the simple idea of an inner city snowboard contest combined with music at night would evolve into a worldwide major event series. We've made history over these past 20 years through all of the successes and adversities whether those be on a sport, business, personal or economic level. With this, Air & Style pushes into new dimensions with the stop in Mexico City and further strengthens it's brand power as one of the few elite event brands in the action sports. The move to Latin America, one of the world's premier burgeoning markets, is a huge and important step for us, and truly a milestone for winter sports as a whole."
INNSBRUCK: Billabong Air & Style and Burn Style Session 2013
Innsbruck will be the epicenter of all snowboarding from January 30th to February 3rd. The 6 Star World Snowboard Tour contest, "Billabong Air & Style Innsbruck-Tirol 2013" on February 2nd will once again host the elite snowboarders of the world to compete against the defending champion Peetu Piiroinen (FIN). 1,000 World Snowboard Tour points for the winner and a total prize purse of € 75,000 are waiting to be taken. The riders field was extended from 16 to 24 riders to accommodate more of the new and rising talents pushing snowboarding to the next level. To adequately celebrate a 20th anniversary, Mac Miller, the Pittsburg-based Rapper, and the newcomers Kraftklub from Germany will storm the Bergisel stadium and rock the fans out of their minds. Both are famous for their electrifying live performances. The 12,000 plus audience will have the opportunity to once again demonstrate what earned them their status as the best snowboarding crowd in the world.
With the burn Style Session on Friday February 1st the Innsbruck crowd will also have an advance opportunity to party at the anniversary event. The burn Style Session is not about the most rotations or corks, rather it's all about style. Long and steady 180s, methods etc. –taking snowboarding back to the roots, with invited riders such as Gigi Rüf, Nicolas Müller or Terje Haakonson. Air & Style winners including first ever Air & Style champion Reto Lamm, three-time winner Stefan Gimpl and the only German winner ever, David Benedek, will be honored for their prestigious achievements. To complete this great day of old school snowboarding "Die Fantastischen Vier" will be live on the �–3 Stage in the Bergisel Stadium. Their first Air & Style appearance in 2004 ranks among the most legendary shows in Air & Style history. The ticket presale starts on October 10th 2012. 2-day-tickets are available on www.air-style.com for only € 69,-.
MEXICO-CITY: Air & Style Mexico-City 2013 May 24th/25th 2013
The 2013/14 Air & Style season starts with an Air & Style event in Mexico City. On May 24th & 25th the first ever Air & Style on Latin American soil will take place at the Estadio Azteca stadium in the heart of Mexico City. The 5 Star Snowboard World Tour event is going to be realized in collaboration with partner company Real Snow Technologies. Real Snow Technologies is well known in North, Central and South America for their productions of massive snow events and therefore are the ideal partner to work with the Air & Style Company.
BEIJING: Oakley Shaun White Air & Style Beijing 2012
The current Air & Style season 2012/13 starts with the Oakley Shaun White present Air & Style in the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing on December 8th 2012. It also is the first 6 Star event of World Snowboard Tour´s running season and will attract the best riders on the planet. 24 Riders will have the chance to climb onto the snowboard throne in China and do their part in bringing this incredible sport and the snowboarding lifestyle to a vastly broader audience. Oakley and Air & Style team up on this mission together again, for their 3rd successful season.


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This chapter provides a series of investigations, ranging from teacher-centered to open inquiry, that involve the formation of clouds in a model cyclone, and demonstrating how the availability of heat (indicated by temperature) affects formation and... (View More) duration of the cyclone. Instructions for building the experimental apparatus is found in Appendix 6. Additional materials needed include a heat source, beaker, thermometer, and a metal pan. The resource includes background information, teaching tips and questions to guide student discussion. This is chapter 13 of Meteorology: An Educator's Resource for Inquiry-Based Learning for Grades 5-9. The guide includes a discussion of learning science, the use of inquiry in the classroom, instructions for making simple weather instruments, and more than 20 weather investigations ranging from teacher-centered to guided and open inquiry investigations. (View Less)
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Displacing the Immaterial Self
God hasn't been the only victim of explanatory displacement. Our understanding of life no longer includes the rather elusive concepts of élan vital or protoplasm: we now see it's all a matter of complex interlocking mechanisms that encode information and control reproduction and behavior.
Next up, and it's a biggie, is consciousness and the self. It seems pre-theoretically that the mind and body are very different things, and the mind, what we think of as the essential immaterial self, still seems beyond what physicalist science can account for.
But they're working on it. A team of scientists and philosophers, including neurophilosopher and Center for Naturalism advisor Thomas Metzinger, has published a fascinating paper on how the experience of being a self located in the body can be altered experimentally, thus mimicking, at least partially, so-called out of body experiences. As the abstract in Science has it:
…we designed an experiment that uses conflicting visual-somatosensory input in virtual reality to disrupt the spatial unity between the self and the body. We found that during multisensory conflict, participants felt as if a virtual body seen in front of them was their own body and mislocalized themselves toward the virtual body, to a position outside their bodily borders. Our results indicate that spatial unity and bodily self-consciousness can be studied experimentally and are based on multisensory and cognitive processing of bodily information.
So the quintessential me that I so confidently and continuously feel sitting behind my eyes will move in response to perceptual cues (see the video on the experiment here). This supports the idea that the felt sense of self is construction of the brain in response to sensory input, not the result of being an immaterial something or other. In short, it's another instance of explanatory displacement, in which a materially based informational process explains what was previously thought to be a categorically mental phenomenon. Out of body experiences can now be understood as what the brain does, not a matter of the soul floating outside the body. As a New York Times article on the experiment put it:
"The research provides a physical explanation for phenomena usually ascribed to otherworldly influences, said Peter Brugger, a neurologist at University Hospital in Zurich, who, like Dr. Botvinick, had no role in the experiments. In what is popularly referred to as near-death experience, people who have been in the throes of severe and sudden injury or illness often report the sensation of floating over their body, looking down, hearing what is said and then, just as suddenly, finding themselves back inside their body. Out-of-body experiences have also been reported to occur during sleep paralysis, the exertion of extreme sports and intense meditation practices."The basic sense of self, according to the original paper, is attributable to the fact that we experience "the transparent content of a single, whole-body representation." In effect, what we experience is a model of ourselves, interestingly enough. Further, in their conclusion the authors speculate that "humans' daily experience of an embodied self and selfhood, as well as the illusion reported here, relies on brain mechanisms at the temporoparietal junction." So it looks like the brain, astounding machine that it is, constructs the self, for the self. That's quite a trick. In displacing the immaterial soul, the physicalist explanation of self doesn't diminish us, rather it shows what amazing things the physical world can cook up, including, remarkably, our very selves.


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In most roles played, the artist Ririn Setyarini always appear with sensual imagery. Not afraid of a negative impact in everyday life? Apparently not. Stars 'Goyang Karawang Souls' was admitted to not fear being labeled as a bad girl.
"Ya want how again, I've sustenance there. If people want to talk about what, I do not need to fear. Let the people closest to me and God knows I was like," he said in a conversation with detikhot in STC Senayan, Jakarta , on Thursday (19/05/2011).
Women born in Manado, March 23, 1989 was admitted to not fear the scorn of society, because of bad image of the display of only the demands of the scenario was to play. But why always gets sexy roles that spoil the eyes of men?
Ririn confidently say, partly because of her sexiness and her breast size is somewhat large. "Many say that. One of the advantages I did in the chest. Try to guess this size is how much?" bra size 36B owners challenged it with a laugh.
Not a few women who claimed uncomfortable having a large breast size when it was still the age of adolescence. However Ririn are grateful, because he thought the size of his chest is still within reasonable limits until now.
"I feel I'm big breasts, but still within reasonable limits. It is like people I see that her breasts Animashaun, I also do not like. If I'm not big-big, paslah this hour," he said, laughing.
Although often appearing with sexy image, movie stars 'Satan Kok Beneran' it claimed had the support of parents.
"They knew that this child was acting and that certainly was looking for money. I did not play pornographic films, is still within reasonable limits. The parents I still support aja kok, 'he explained.


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A blog by Tom Wilber, journalist and author covering Marcellus and Utica shale gas development
Friday, December 21, 2012
Promised Land something more than it's fracked up to be Damon film entertaining, complex, but no China Syndrome
Directed by Gus Van Sant, the drama portrays the life-altering prospects of natural gas development in the fictional town of McKinley, Pennsylvania. Sound familiar? It does to me. I've been writing non-fiction accounts of the impact of gas development on Small Town USA for five four years, and so I was delighted to get an invitation from Focus Features to view a screening of "Promised Land" in Manhattan on Wednesday. The movie is set to open in certain New York City theaters next week and nationally in early January. It's been hyped as an anti-fracking movie, and much of this hype originates with industry sources who have admittedly not seen the film but who are, judging by the trailer, bracing for a blockbuster-sized publicity headache.
I was eager to see how Hollywood's rendition of the gas rush stands up against real life. I also wanted to understand how the movie might influence the discussion in a nation learning about shale gas and the risks and rewards of the controversial process that makes unconventional resource recovery possible – high volume hydraulic fracturing. After viewing the trailer myself, I expected to see a movie with sensational and vivid depictions of both fracking and its consequences. Upon seeing the movie, I was happy to see that "Promised Land" offers neither of these but something more complex. Yes, the movie portrays Global Energy, the company that is trying to lease land from McKinley residents, as an uncaring, exploitive and divisive force. But the story is more interested in exploring the dynamics of life in a small town within the context of these outside economic forces. The movie is not, despite what some hope and others fear, a case against shale gas development in general or fracking in particular.
The screenplay features a small town official who is corrupt, an energy company that is duplicitous and controlling, a sage high school teacher who advises the community to be cautious and do its homework, and an environmental activist and community organizer with questionable motives. It features plenty of other stakeholders in lesser roles, many of whom I find to be faithful archetypes of their counterparts in the real word, including a roguish and likeable gun shop owner eager to do whatever he can to encourage the economic growth of the town and support the efforts of Global Energy. The stars of the film, however, are two leasing agents. Steve Butler (Matt Damon) is a star rookie landman and all American country boy from Iowa. Butler is concerned about the decline of the family farm and, in his words, the "delusional self mythology" that modern day farming communities are economically self standing, when in fact, "without industry, there is nothing." The supporting role is Sue Thomason (Frances McDormand), a wily industry veteran cast as Butler's mentor, and a career mom who misses time away from her adolescent son. Both characters are driven by their own ambition and the bidding of their employer, Global Energy. Both have conviction, a work ethic, a sense of purpose, and good humor and charm – qualities that inspire empathy for characters that would be easy to script as simple villains.
Butler's antagonist is Brian Noble (John Krasinksi), an environmentalist who, like the leasing agent duo, is an out-of-towner. He arrives on the scene with dire warnings about the ills of fracking as he begins organizing community efforts against the company. Both Noble and Butler are strangers vying for the loyalty of the residents in bars, pastures, and kitchens of McKinley. Each are bad-boys behaving in the Hollywood bad-boy kind of way (well suited to the actors' strengths) that compels you to like them on a gut level even though your brain tells you maybe not to trust them. The emotional success of the film hinges on the Ying and Yang of their rivalry.
The plot follows the exploits of Butler and Thomason, with some predictable and not so predictable twist and with ample humor delivered through a nuanced screenplay, crisp acting and Van Sant's keen eye. There is a sense of right and wrong that crystallizes as the film progresses, but the line between hero and villain is murky, with only a few exceptions.
The prominent theme is the outsider being pulled in beyond original intentions and the insider dealing with the influence of outside pressure. The insider story is personified partly through the character of Alice (Rosemarie DeWitt), a hometown girl and schoolteacher who serves as the romantic interest for Butler and possibly for Noble. For me, a scene when Butler passes through the white picket fence in Alice's yard conjures the stylistically distant but thematically similar tale of The Music Man: Professor Harold Hill, the likeable shyster who attempts to sell the dream of a marching band to a local community along with non-existent uniforms and instruments, and the ensuing complications wrought by his involvement with the good-hearted local librarian. The theme is timeless and irresistible – hometown girl falling in love with the outside stranger – but I found that if the movie had a weak point dramatically, it was here, perhaps because it's execution seemed more formulaic than the rest of the film.
The most compelling scene for me captures the true-life essence of the story and exhibits the strength of the film. It takes place early, when Butler visits a farm and is somewhat surprised at how warmly he is received as an agent of the gas company, even as the farmer helps him remove a tag on the landman's new flannel shirt he purchased in his attempt to fit in. As they sit across the kitchen table, the farmer – a hardworking and earnest family man struggling to preserve his way of life against the flow of economic forces - clearly knows why Butler has come, and he implores Butler to say what he wants to hear. Butler, a little surprised at how easy this all is, obliges: "You could be a millionaire." The farmer's reaction is what I find compelling. No words, but only a look of humble sincerity and raw hope that I found heart rending. This was probably not intended to be one of the emotional highpoints, but I found the farmer's hope and the landman's willingness to indulge it to be poignant and accurate portrayal of the non-fiction story covered by myself and other journalists chronicling the early days of the gas rush in Pennsylvania.
That coverage resulted in Under the Surface, Fracking Fortunes and the Fate of the Marcellus Shale, and other non-fiction narratives of the Pennsylvania Gas Rush, including Seamus McGraw's End of Country. The non-fiction versions of the story lack the Hollywood finish of "Promised Land", a finish that is achieved by a plot contrivance that is fundamental to the workings of the script. That contrivance, possible in the creatively boundless realm of fiction, will be a sure point of criticism or acclaim that the movie will garner from both biased and neutral critics. I can't say much more without spoiling the move, but I will suggest that "Promised Land" shares a trait of "The Da Vinci Code" – director Ron Howard's adaptation of the Dan Brown novel about the Catholic Church's attempt to destroy evidence of Christ's familial legacy. By this I mean both movies use a real world setting and circumstances as a foundation for a fictional premise that makes the specific story dramatic. Most – but not all -- viewers will be fine with this.
Prior to seeing "Promised Land", I did not expect to be comparing it to The Da Vinci
Code. But I did expect – based on reports and the previews – to compare it with "The China Syndrome" – the 1979 movie about a cover-up at a nuclear power plant. The movie, starring Jane Fonda, was released with the No-Nukes movement (of which Fonda was a part of) in full swing, and just prior to the Three Miles Island disaster. The movie, riding the wave of these events -- appeared to mark the beginning of the end of the U.S. nuclear industry.
Impacts of "The China Syndrome", dramatically and politically, were derived by the portrayal of impending disaster. By contrast, there are no disasters in the month-long period covered in the story of "Promised Land" – no industrial accidents, explosions, cancer clusters, or foul water. Because the movie explores the leasing rather than the development phase of a shale gas play, there is in fact no fracking, and only superficial treatment given to the process itself in a way that invites suspicion. The potential for fracking raises fears, but the practice ends up being irrelevant to the outcome of the film. There is little if any moralizing and no clear rallying point to galvanize public opinion among audiences.
If "Promised Land" makes a point, it's that the industry employs questionable practices to gain control of the land, and residents have a duty to themselves and to their neighbors to be informed and engaged.
So how will audiences react to the movie? "Promised Land" is sure to provoke an outcry among the pro-drilling faithful. The industry seems to be preparing to go into full-on attack mode based on reaction to the trailer, but I doubt that will amount to much as there is little about the factual presentation in the movie to be challenged. In this regard, "Promised Land" is unlike Gasland, the 2010 documentary by Josh Fox that challenges the industry on tangible aspects of policy and science and consequentially became a natural target for rebuttal.
"Promised Land" will raise awareness of the types of issues landowners and communities face in attempting to manage or ban shale gas development. But I will be surprised if it moves the needle in the broader debate over the environmental and health impacts of fracking, any more than "The Da Vinci Code" spurred meaningful debate or influenced public opinion over the morality of the Catholic Church. For anti-drilling activists who are expecting a searing condemnation of shale gas development, "Promised Land" will fall short of expectations. But I also expect that it will be received with general favor by this group. Conversely, the movie is bound to draw fire from the faction of shale gas boosters who get cross when the industry is portrayed in anything other than a positive light. As for the movie's main market, mainstream audiences -- I suspect they will see it as a good story about small town values.
12 comments:
Tom, you should be writing movie criticism. Were you as a consultant for the movie? If not, you should have been.ReplyDelete
Two words explaining why this movie is a must see for every human and will change the world: Rosemarie DeWitt! She played one of Don Draper's extramarital love interests in Mad Men. Her character was the NYC artist turned drug addict.
I got to be honest - will probably not see the movie and have missed most man v. environment movies. That said there is one movie I have to recommend in this category: "Where the Green Ants Dream" by Werner Herzog. It's a fictional account of uranium mining's exploitation of aboriginal lands in Australia. I saw it while in college, at Colorado School of Mines of all places. Here is Roger Ebert's 1984 review, which is almost as good as your review for Promised Land:
Michael, Thanks for sharing Ebert's review of the Herzog film. Sounds interesting and unique. I will add to my list. Do they still show it at Colorado School of Mines?Delete
Tom, the sentence I wrote is unclear - I saw the movie in Denver at the old Ogden Theater, while a student at Mines. Given the limited humanities curriculum I needed a weekly Art-House Cinema fix. The movie did stick with me all these years - probably because Herzog's style is so confusing. The general theme of the movie - resource development versus human habitat - is even more important today in the US as it was in the Australian Outback back in the 1970s.Delete
a few of us met the producer of this movie-I was hoping he would get it right. Although I have not seen it yet I suspect, and from your review, the movie is fantasy....tell me does the land man grow a heart?ReplyDelete
Don't look for a documentary. It is Hollywood, after all. But there are many things that ring true. They are faithful to the setting and circumstances of the Pennsylvania Marcellus Rush to tell a fictional story. Butler's views evolve with his on-the-job education...ReplyDelete
Much of the realities of what has happened in PA over the past few yrs. (and elsewhere) truly does sound like fantasy, in that one can not imagine the devastation which has occured, not only to the environment, but to human lives, as well.ReplyDelete
To be fighting the government for basic human rights is not a fantasy and it is happening in 32-33 of our 50 states and overseas too. So many thousands of people have been fighting for the truths to be shared publicly, for health and envirnmental studies to be done objectively, without the funding of the Industry, and for clean air and uncontaminated water. Yet, so many people are still living in their own little "bubbles" and don't have a clue what is happening if it is not in their own backyards.
I am very excited to see that Hollywood is bringing the realities to the big screen. All fiction is based on some sort of fact and the facts shared in this film will hopefully educate more people so they can help stop this greedy, fracking madness.
This film will help put the facts out there and help raise awareness, if nothing more. I am very thankful for that!
just from a purely aesthetic standpoint, I am eager to see this film. Like this review says, I bet it is a much more fantasized drama involving this love story line, etc. that will not stir up too much controversy. shalestuff.com has many more reviews and information.ReplyDelete
This comment has been removed by the author.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJanuary 11, 2013 at 4:34 PM
My wife and I went to the movie this week. She grew up in Dimock township, and her family has been through all the fuss with leases and landowners, so we were curious to see how this drama translated to the screen. For the most part they seemed to get a lot right, but clumsily. I don't think the "DiVinci" element needed to be there, but even before that I had to wonder about the main plot device. Does the decision for fracking to come into towns hinge on town votes? I know in Dimock we had groups of farmers or land owners who worked together to set some standards or protections, but I don't recall the town ever being able to act as a unit. I know towns have striven to get more control over the zoning for wells, often with negative results, and I know some towns like Binghamton, NY tried to keep fracking out, but had their decisions later overturned. So is Krasinki's claim that the town decision is about "people" rather than about "land" a reality, or just a hopeful statement about the way things should be?ReplyDeleteReplies
That aspect of the movie is oversimplified for the purposes of the drama, but I think it captures to some extent aspects of both the Home Rule movement, in which some towns are attempting to ban development, and the landowner coalition element, in which landowners work together to accept or reject deals. Both of those aspects have developed in New York and Pa. since the Dimock lease deals. In new York, lower courts have upheld rights to ban in Dryden and Middlefield. In Pa. lower court has overturned legislation the state passed to restrict Home Rule w/ Act 13. So this remains a real and significant issue.Delete
Gas has risen 3 times over the last week where I live, right now a regular unleaded gallon of gas will cost you 3.30! I live on a farm, so we use gas for more than our regular trucks, any suggestions on making it more bearable on my wallet until gas prices start to come down?ReplyDelete
phlebotomy training in CO
Eagerly waiting for fantastic movie "Fifty Shades Of Grey"....ReplyDelete
Awesome Book....
the movie fifty shades


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Evangel has been home to thousands of students before you. They left us some traditions that each year keep getting better and better.
You'll learn quickly that EU's timeless traditions become an unforgettable aspect of campus life. Within your first hours at Evangel, you'll get to experience our extraordinary culture and, more importantly, make it a part of your own EU story.
Our campus traditions enable students like you to express themselves through creative interests or just doing something to break up the regular routine. And they're usually a whole lot of fun. From athletic events to residence hall competitions, it's never too hard to find weekend plans.
Homecoming & Spirit Week
Homecoming at EU isn't just a time when alumni and old friends descend on campus for a weekend of special events – students are right in the middle of all the action. More than just a football game, Homecoming at Evangel means a full week of fun, including:
- Contests and competitions
- Karaoke (Can't sing? Sing anyway!)
- Talent shows (like EU's Got Talent, our own twist on America's Got Talent)
- Classroom visits from alumni
- Special Chapel services
- The big Homecoming football game, where we crown our Homecoming King and Queen at halftime
Of course, the only way you can really understand Homecoming and Spirit Week is to experience them for yourself. Once you do, you'll understand why Evangel alumni come back year after year from all around the country to celebrate these amazing traditions.
HarvestFest is a student-produced variety show sponsored by Activities Board each fall. Each year, HarvestFest features a new theme and students are invited to wear costumes that fit that theme. Although costumes aren't required to have a great time, most couples find a way to capture the spirit of the theme with a unique flair.
One HarvestFest tradition is for men to think of a creative way to ask for a date, but the twist is that a simple "yes" from the lucky lady isn't enough. Women are also expected to come up with a creative reply to the creative request (maybe we should just rename it CreativeFest).
Either way, HarvestFest is not an event exclusively for couples. Most people who attend HarvestFest simply go to have fun with floormates and friends.
Spring Fling
Spring Fling is essentially the spring semester's version of HarvestFest. In the earliest years of Evangel history, the event was called Campus Classics and featured an all-campus talent show tied to Homecoming (which was held in early spring because the only varsity sport at the time was basketball).
As Homecoming shifted to the fall in the 1960s to accommodate football, the spring event became known as Spinsters' Spree and adopted the tradition of girls asking guys, which is still a popular part of Spring Fling each year.
Just like with HarvestFest, the recipient men are expected to reply in a creative way. Between the performers in the show and people asking their dates in a clever way, creativity abounds.
Fashion Fever
Fashion Fever is an annual — and highly-anticipated — women's-only fashion show. Fashion Fever brings together women across campus and reinforces the importance of having a positive self-image. The focus is on helping women find identity in Christ rather than basing it on the expectations of society.
"This is an amazing event for the girls on this campus. It is an opportunity for us to come together and have a night away from school assignments. We feel empowered and inspired by the potential we see in each other." – Mehleena Edmonds, 2013 Evangel graduate
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We are lucky, in one way, in as much as we have multiple associated elements from one animal and yet we have struggled to identify this specimen, although we have now almost certainly identified this plesiosaur to genus level. But with individual elements, or even parts of larger bones, you can have much tougher problems with identification. Sure, there are elements which can be assigned to, say, a plesiosaur or ichthyosaur but generic identification is problematic.
But specific isolated elements can also be equally diagnostic although I have found the identification of some marine reptile bones to be particularly challenging. For example, plesiosaurs increased the amount of phalanges in their limbs considerably over what is regarded as the standard plesiomorphic condition. This is known as hyperphalangy and is characteristic of plesiosaur limbs.
Phalanges all look alike and found in isolation are not particularly helpful although some of the bigger ones are obviously pliosaurid in origin. In contrast some other elements can often be identified to generic level and cryptoclidid humeri are particularly useful in this respect. It's interesting that there are almost certainly odd elements in collections all over the world that not only represent missing elements from known taxa but also unknown elements from unknown taxa. Again, Spinops comes to mind.
That aside, here are a set of proximal carpals from our plesiosaur all finished with and prepared. These are, from left to right, the ulnare, intermedium and radiale and are from the same forelimb featured in previous blog posts and I am now working on the distal carpals. After that, there are the first five metacarpals to prepare and then this particular forelimb will be finished – the remaining part of the limb has long since vanished. Shortly after I will publish a brief description and then this particular project will be temporarily shelved because of other projects but eventually the next element up for preparation is a rather impressive femur and, of course, I will publish posts along the way.
|Ventral view
|Dorsal view


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Studiob1 necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
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Seismic Energy Products, Structural Bearings
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Yahoo has a nice article up titled Top 10 Scientifically Inaccurate Movies. The article notes:
If movies were completely scientifically accurate, they'd probably be as interesting as a Physics 101 lecture. In real life, there are no explosions in space, gas usually doesn't explode from a lit cigarette, and Bruce Willis/Jackie Chan/Will Smith would most likely be in a coma after getting kicked in the head. Some movies, though, put science front and center in the story and more often than not the science proves to be head-slappingly bad. Here are some of the worst offenders.
I don't watch science fiction for scientific accuracy. It is fantasy and I am OK with that. Further, sometimes gas does explode from lit cigarettes, warriors survive kicks to the head, and sound may not be heard in space but it might be in the combating ships if they have programs running which allow pilots to hear explosions as sounds to aid them in combat. Further, knowledge of science has changed a lot in the last several thousand years. Some of these inaccurate movies may appear visionary a thousand years hence.
A few of the listed movies:
* Armageddon - "But perhaps the biggest problem is that the plot itself -- splitting a Texas-sized rock in two with a single nuke -- has a Texas-sized hole in it. We don't have a nuclear bomb anywhere near powerful enough to do the job." Well, not yet anyway that the government is admitting about...
* Independence Day - "That mammoth mothership hovering over the earth in geostationary orbit would be doing more than just freaking out the world's population. Because of its close proximity and mass -- 1/4th that of the moon, according to the film -- the flying saucer's gravitational pull would cause massive tidal waves, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes." If the aliens flew across the galaxy to attack Earth, could they not have an anti-gravity field to counter this?
* Starship Troopers - "Could a band of cave-dwelling, preverbal giant insects really have the sophisticated mathematics and technology to hurl a rock millions of miles through space to crash into Earth? Plus, 70% of the planet's surface is covered in water, so they only had a 3 out of 10 chance at even hitting solid ground, let alone a major city like Buenos Aires." The author of this list missed the plot entirely. The alien "bugs" are specialized. At the top are hive minds which are intelligent, understand technology, and are capable of waging interstellar war. They know how to target rocks at cities. Read the original novel for more details.
* The Matrix - "But in reality, our supposed robot overlords are a bit dim. Humans are a remarkably inefficient energy source. Instead of turning the human race into Duracells, the machines would probably get more energy just setting those goopy people pods on fire." Quantum physics anyone? Science is showing that sometimes events are dictated by whether they are observed or not. As strange as that sounds, it is true. Maybe the machines need a biological mind to do the observing which then releases the energy? This movie is about Buddhism and not science anyway.
* Outbreak - "A monkey threatens a small town with a virus that kills everybody in less time than your average DMV visit, and only Dustin Hoffman can stop it. The trouble with a disease that virulent is it kills the host too fast to spread." Obviously, the threat from a virus like this is that it evolves. Further, random genetic reasons allow some victims to survive a longer time which allows for the spread of the disease. A virus can evolve quickly and allow a slightly less virulent version to pass along in just a few days.
Oh well. Please make good movies that lack scientific accuracy. I like them.
Blog of Dr. Miland Brown that features different aspects of world history. Not everything can be covered but sites dealing with any historical issue or topic are possible future posts. Also includes sites which discuss teaching history. Dr. Brown is an academic in North America.
Thursday, July 24, 2008
2 comments:
- jb said...
Although I agree with the list in terms of inaccuracies, it sure is a list of popular movies. The movie I would like to add to the list is Volcano with Tommy Lee Jones and Anne Heche. I have to laugh as I watch it.
- Time Bandit said...
I'd like to see your list of "Top Ten Historically Inaccurate Movies". Certainly "The Patriot," the two Kate Blanchett "Elizabeth" films, and "300" would have to fit high (or maybe low) on your list
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Sure it is... in the early Church they used to throw out the catechumens and bar the doors before the Creed. That's pretty hardcore.
Anyway, I usually see this happen in very big churches (and I have never been to an Antiochian church bigger than maybe thirty people, I swear) and I know at least one of those big churches has resorted to tactics like this to keep people coming from outside from disturbing Liturgy.
That sounds nice. Would you mind sharing some of these gentle tactics?
If I have understood the online gossip sites correctly, it seems the bishop in that diocese has been ruling it like a feudal lord, abusing everyone who questions his authority. There's no question in my mind that Bishop NIKOLAI is gon' git it from the synod, but I don't think what I've brought up even remotely compares to what he did there. I'm not talking about excommunicating people because their baby's legal name isn't a saint's name, I'm just interested in keeping the Communion distribution peaceful for the people who want to partake in peace. The priest has a duty to protect the chalice and pretty much anything he can do to preserve the peace is okay by me.
I don't think anyone was getting thrown out. They knew, as catechumens, when it was time to make their exit.
I am in California and I have been to various Antiochian parishes up and down the state. I have never heard of or seen a church that locks the doors.
He would use his sermons to explain the meaning of the Divine Liturgy, the Eucharist, preparation for the Eucharist, proper etiquette for church behavior etc. In other words, he spent a few years educating them. He would remind them before Holy Communion, to reverently line up and to save their greetings for one another at coffee hour. His whole demeanor toward everyone is one of patience, kindness and love. He accepts each person where they are at on the road to salvation and tries to work with them from that point. His patience and perservence have paid off but change did not happen overnight. It took years. But he never gave up.
Well, I was trying to warn folks not to get to zealous for peacefulness in church because I think Bishop Nikolai's goal was to the same. He became so zealous about it that he would scold women with small children and babies for making too much noise. I think one of the saddest sounds in a church is the LACK of cooing babies and happy sounds of small children in a the church. What it means is the church is dying because they are no young ones left.
I'm just citing this as precedent for not allowing anyone to enter during certain parts of the Liturgy.
I specifically told you that I was not talking about any Antiochian parishes anywhere, and pointed out that I couldn't possibly be talking about an Antiochian parish. And I definitely didn't say any parish I knew locked their doors, I was referring to something else I had mentioned. Don't assume that because my jurisdiction is Antiochian that it's the only jurisdiction I have anything to do with. I play on the OCA, ROCOR, and GOARCH playgrounds too.
Hey, good for him and them. That's wonderful that he was able to help them after they had been taught incorrectly. But I'm talking about people who do know better and choose not to follow basic etiquette at a time it is most called for.
Bishop NIKOLAI is not zealous for peacefulness in the church, he is... somebody... who would do well to be shipped off to a monastery. Comparing me to him is really premature.
Again, I didn't say mothers have to shut their kids up under penalty of death, but surely you know that when a kid is screaming his head off and won't stop, most mothers prefer to take the kid out to try to calm him, and that is totally fine, and I specifically said that I wasn't going after them. And anyway I wasn't talking about howling kids, again, I'm talking about adults who know better and choose to come late and disturb other worshippers.
But there is no precedent for locking baptized members out of the church. That was my point. We don't even lock the catechumens out anymore.
You are assuming they know better but we can't really read other people's minds. I think most of us would assume that Orthodox Christians coming from the middle east would know how to behave in church. But unfortunately that is not always the case. Perhaps the people you mention need a refresher course in case they have forgotten. Sometimes folks just need a simply reminder to stand reverently in the line and to save their small talk for after Divine Liturgy.
Well, I still believe locking the church doors is a harsh measure to take. But you are right. I should not have compared your ideas to the tactics of Bishop Nikolai. Please forgive me.
I never said you did. I was just sharing a story about my bishop to give you sense of the gentleness I have been exposed to in clergy from the middle east. I used to be very hard on people who were late or who disturbed my concentration during the Divine Liturgy. But I no longer feel that way anymore. The humility of these clergyman have taught me to be patient.
Arius was thrown out, Nestorius was thrown out - heretics are by definition baptized Christians - not physically of course, but they were ejected from the assembly. And in those days, people who had repented after committing certain sins were only allowed to stand outside the church for a time, begging for the prayers of the believers going into the church. They would do this for years before even being allowed to pass the doorway, and that was only the first step to reconciliation. Communion, or being present for it, is not a civil right.
I didn't grow up going to church myself, but I thought staying quiet during a church service would be a no-brainer. I am not going to pass judgment on the spirituality of anyone, regardless of where they are from or what they have been taught at church. I'm talking about basic etiquette: most people understand that they ought to be quiet while a lecture is being given or a movie is being shown, even if they don't always put it exactly into practice. A concert hall can refuse to seat you if you arrive after the grace period. Why shouldn't a church service be accorded the same respect and protection, if not more? None of this is to belittle or ignore the spiritual aspect of flapping one's jaws during the service, but you said yourself that I can't read someone else's mind.
My concern is not borne directly out of impatience, but out of concern for inquirers and visitors, people who, in their innocence and newness to Orthodoxy, might be quite put off by "that church where everyone talks during communion", or perhaps your weaker brothers and sisters who might be led into sin by someone's gossip. If it's not about something crucial for Liturgy to continue, or a life-or-death situation, what reason is there not to keep it inside for ninety minutes?
But we aren't dealing with heretics.We are dealing with ignorant, baptized Orthodox Christians. I realize that many years ago, the church was much tougher with communion practices but honestly, do we really want to return to those times? We can romanticize the past or we can live in the present. If our clergy held us to the same standards as years past, I think most of us we find ourselves outside the church doors for various sins. Frankly, I think the church is doing the right thing by encouraging people to take Holy Communion. In my lifetime, I have seen the Orthodox Church in America flower and produce fruit I could never have imagined. More folks are taking fasting, attending services, and studying their faith seriously than in years past when no one would approach the altar. I believe part of the spiritual awakening (evangelization programs, IOCC, OCMC, OCN, Ancient Faith Radio, Project Mexico, Hogar Raphael, etc. etc.) is due to more of us taking Holy Communion on a regular basis.
I am not disagreeing with you that folks should stay quiet in the church but is it really that awful? How loud are they?Can you move closer to the altar so it won't annoy you so much? When it used to annoy me I would move to the front of the church because the talkers usually sat or stood in the back. I honestly think if the priest made a consistent effort to ask people to save their chatter till after the service it would begin to have an effect. The priest can set the tone.
Again, I do not disagree with you but there is not much we can do about it. I remember trying to get people to be quiet but they would just look at me as if I was from Mars. We could lock all the doors and enforce codes of silence but real change only happens in the heart and most people will change if they are approached with love and kindness.
Again, I think you misunderstood me. I'm not at all about telling people whether they should commune or not, and I'm not about liturgical anachronism for the sake of anachronism, just citing precedent. Although I am glad to see people approaching the chalice more than four times a year, the former practice did come with a sense of holiness and gravity for when people did partake. St. Mary of Egypt communed once or twice in her whole life, and look at the fruit that bore.
Also - many heretics were probably ignorant too, and I hope God had mercy on them because of their foolishness, but they were still subject to the same anathemas as the ringleaders.
This isn't about me, but someone bothered by chatter might not be able to tell among strangers who's going to talk and who isn't when picking a place to sit/stand, and moving would be especially difficult if the church in question has pews.
If I could pick any place to stand during liturgy, I would be hunkered next to the iconostasis the whole time so that I can hear the priest; in a big church I still can't understand the priest half the time, regardless of what anyone else is doing.
I know, but to me, the idea of not doing anything about it at all in the name of "not judging" is like saying, "if you don't like pollution, don't breathe". I thought we were not islands unto ourselves: that we are partly responsible for each other's salvation, not just our own. Just like our priests are here to lead us and care for us, as a royal priesthood ourselves we share some of that responsibility.
I agree.But we must pray for each other. The smokers are in need of special prayer for many obvious reasons.Good fervent prayer will help to solve this problem in a kind way. The clergy must also be clear as to the proper behavior from each person especially with regards to respect of the church grounds.
St. Mary of Egypt lived alone in the desert. She was an exception and not the rule. We are living in the world. But my point was that the Orthodox Christians we are speaking about are not heretics. So there is no reason to treat them as such.We live in the world and we aren't always going to have perfect circumstances for prayer during the services. Sometimes I have little children and babies hunkered around my feet. They make noise, as children do, but I still try my best to stay focused on prayer. In all honesty, even when I attended the church with all of the chattering, it wasn't incessant. It happened during certain times.
I tend to agree with the prayer Username shared with us a few posts back. But what do you think we should do to alleviate the problem?
The point of this thread was how to deal with people who are old enough to know better not to make a ruckus during liturgy. You have tried to rope me into bashing my own archdiocese (which I love and would go to the mat for), people from the Middle East (who I also love), and children (who I adore).
Making joyful noise because it's Palm Sunday, or whimpering because you're a child who doesn't know better, is one thing. It is patently unreasonable to compare those to people jabbering their way up to the chalice while talking about where they are going for lunch, or someone pushing you off a kneeler because he wants to sit on the other side of you in the pew and didn't think to go around, or a lady who came up behind me during a pannychyda, decided I was not using the service booklet that I was holding and staring intently at, and snatched it out of my hand for herself. (There was a whole pile of them two feet away, mind you, since I took another to replace the one taken.) Those are bad manners in any context, and being ticked off by rudeness does not have to be a judgment on their spirituality.
If it's all right with you, I'd like for there to be ways to thwart this kind of behavior without defiling the liturgy and causing an ecumenical scandal. And I have been saying all along that anything done ought to be done with the priest's approval and consent, not vigilante parishioners.
No, I was not trying to rope you into anything. I was sharing my experiences and what I have learned over the years with you. I have never had the experiences you have had in any parish of any jurisdiction. Yes, what you have described are very bad manners. Do most of the people in your parish behave this way or is it only a few? Seriously, I would go to your priest and speak to him about it. Let him know who the people are who grabbed booklets out of your hand or who pushed you so he can work with them. You can mention to him about those who talk in line but he may have his own way with dealing with it.
We don't have this problem during the Eucharist, but during the blessing/dismissal it can get fairly loud. Father has posted a few NO TALKING announcements in the bulletin but not everyone reads it. He's also actually shushed people during the blessing. Heck, I've even shushed people (albeit from the choir loft so no one, except other choir members, knew it was me. ) Obviously, there's exceptions to be considered. But in most cases people should understand that it's not acceptable to be talking. I know, I know, you can't force folks to be reverent but this isn't an insurmountable problem.
I explicitly said that I wasn't talking about mine. Anyway, since your stated advice before was that it was better to ignore this sort of thing rather than tattle, I'm sort of puzzled why you think I should have talked to anyone about it.
Until your last post, I didn't know you were being pushed or that people were grabbing booklets out of your hand. That type of behavior is going beyond just chattering and you should tell your priest about those specific incidents. It is up to the priest deal with the communion issues because he is the one who has been given authority to guard the cup and decide who can commune.
But these are just single incidents. For instance, the booklet snatcher - if she did it every time I went to a pannychyda, I'd go to the priest and ask him to get to the bottom of it. But since that was the first and only time I've been to a pannychyda at the same time as her, wouldn't it have been okay if I had whispered, "Lady, I was using that", instead of just slinking over to the stack to pick up another book in order not to make a scene?
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Rocked by a series of corporate scandals — and with its CEO facing a tough confirmation hearing — Citizens Property Insurance Corp. has gone increasingly positive with its messaging in recent weeks. The company says it has done a superb job of reducing risk over the last year, and the chance of "hurricane taxes" has plummeted by 43 percent.
That message clashes squarely with the apocalyptic warnings echoing through the Florida Legislature, where lawmakers are using "tough medicine" themes to push a bill that would cause insurance rates to skyrocket.
Lawmakers, espousing the doomsday rhetoric of the insurance lobby, say Florida is one hurricane away from financial destruction, and shrinking Citizens by raising rates is the fiscally prudent thing to do.
Citizens made similar arguments last year, but of late the company has backpedaled from much of its austerity message and measures. Policy changes last year, while unpopular, have helped Citizens to shrink rapidly, removing much of the threat that Floridians will have to bail the company out after a storm.
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By the time hurricane season rolls around, Citizens "will have reduced assessment potential for Floridians by $3 billion, or 43 percent," CEO Barry Gilway told lawmakers this week during a confirmation hearing to keep his job. "Now, I want to repeat those numbers, because it's huge."
It's a much different message from the one coming from reform-minded lawmakers in Tallahassee.
"If the hurricane doesn't even go through your area, your constituents will be assessed upwards of between $2,000 and $5,000 per year," Sen. David Simmons, R-Altamonte Springs, told lawmakers Wednesday.
In presenting his bill, Simmons used figures from 2012, before Citizens reduced exposure drastically. Citizens clarified that the numbers used by Simmons were inflated.
But gasp-inspiring warnings about billion-dollar "hurricane taxes" are nothing new in Florida, part of the showmanship required to pass property insurance bills in the Legislature.
Each year, lawmakers and the business lobby pitch rate increases at Citizens, warning of the "Big One" and the financial wreckage it would cause. But because Florida has dodged hurricanes for seven years, Republicans from coastal regions have joined Democrats to kill bills that would raise homeowners' insurance rates.
SB 1770 could break that trend, despite the fact that it could bring hundreds or thousands of dollars in higher insurance costs for homeowners. It passed its final committee Wednesday in a unanimous vote.
Included in the complicated, 92-page bill, among other measures:
Citizens' rates must be "actuarially sound," include an appropriate "risk load factor" and not compete with the private market. Each of those three measures could mean rates at Citizens increase much faster than 10 percent, the current cap on rate hikes.
• Rates for some second homes and new policyholders at Citizens must be higher than the rate charged by the top 20 private insurance companies, leading to large premium hikes for thousands of homeowners.
• Insurance companies may charge higher rates to cover additional reinsurance purchased for a potential catastrophic hurricane.
In parts of South Florida and Tampa Bay, Citizens rates are technically "underpriced" by 90 percent or more. Under SB 1770, homeowners in those areas could see insurance premiums — which already average more than $2,500 — double.
The idea, Simmons said, is to reduce Citizens' size and risk and make it less likely that Floridians pay "hurricane taxes" after a major storm.
But Citizens says it's already doing that. The company recently touted 277,000 policy "takeouts," an $80 billion decrease in overall exposure and "extraordinary" risk reduction.
Citizens has been able to accomplish much of that without new laws from the Legislature. Citizens has not officially endorsed SB 1770, though parts of the bill include ideas from the state-backed insurer.
"The provisions contained in SB 1770, including the clearinghouse, would likely accelerate [depopulation] efforts," said Citizens spokesperson Michael Peltier.
For consumers, the drastic shrinking of Citizens' size and risk over the last year has not been pain-free.
The company raised insurance costs on homeowners by more than $450 million last year, while reducing billions of dollars in coverage. It also leveraged its $6 billion surplus, paying private insurance companies millions of dollars for taking over its policies and providing reinsurance. Citizens has paid tens of millions of dollars to private reinsurers to help hedge against the type of hurricane disaster that happens only once in a century.
The Legislature has helped as well, replacing a rate freeze with a 10-percent annual cap on rate hikes in 2009 and passing sweeping reforms to reduce the runaway costs of sinkhole claims in 2011.
Citizens' sinkhole "loss ratio" has plummeted by two-thirds in the last year and the overall "rate gap" has shrunk by more than half since 2010.
As Citizens has moved closer to "rate adequacy" in recent years, homeowners have faced billions of dollars in premium hikes. SB 1770 would accelerate the transition to market rates at Citizens.


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Posts Tagged 'web 1.0'
Lessons from Web 2.0 for brick and mortars: Guides to online innovation from an audience centered point of view.
Posted November 10, 2008on:
I have been struggling on how to think about the Web 2.0 or social media phenomenon. It seems to have taken on its own language now. And I made the mistake in 2007 of trying to explain Web 2.0 using those infectious terms of blog, tweet, follow, friending etc. This tool centered explanation by example, I found, does not work too well among the uninitiated. Besides that, today's tools will not be tomorrow's tools but I think there are underlying communication principles which drive the sucess of the current Web 2.0 experience and can be used a guide for future innovations. I also think these guiding elements can help discuss new pure Web 2.0 innovations, but also reveal opportunities to improve more familiar processes in business, government, and non-profits.
In this blog, I want to start a conversation about what is in the audience experience of Web 2.0 solutions have made them so successful among the much sought after consumer audience. I have noticed 5 reoccurring core themes which underlie the recent successful web 2.0 applications and companies.
First let's talk about the difference between web 2.0 and web 1.0. The use of the internet in the web 1.0 era (which of course was a continuum to 2.0) was to convey information through web sites. The use of Web 2.0 is instead to evoke a response from the audience and turn that initial response into an ongoing engagement or conversation.
The Web 1.0 sites hoped to have the audience do something in response but it turns out evoking a response through simply conveying information on how they should respond is not very effective. Yet that was the hope all along for businesses, government, and nonprofits that by conveying information passively, they would get the audience to behave actively in some way. Even when a response was achieved it did not have a high probability of getting future responses from that same individual.
Web 2.0 has been much more successful at evoking responses and turning initial responses into a longer back and forth or engagement with and among audience members and this is why the tools which use these response-oriented techniques and technologies have become the focus of so much attention.
A good place to start finding opportunities for brick and mortars or more traditional organizations to better evoke a response from and create engagement with their audiences and in general to improve traditional processes is to identify what seem to be the underlying communication principles which drive the success of Web 2.0:
1. Interactivity
Use methods which make it clear and easy how an audience can interact or respond online and give multiple pathways to respond without violating element #4 (revelance). The interactivity must be highly accessible and match the information habits, styles and preferences of the users
2. Connections
Make connections and relationships with real people whether the connections are with people inside an organization or with others in the audience.
3. Outreach and listen to communities.
Think of your audience in terms of communities not demographics and actively outreach to the targeted communities. Communities are interconnected so they are pre-organized for communication to flow them and therefore provide more potential avenues to communicate with people in the community.
4. Relevance.
Provide highly relevant content to the audience. Content should be individualized to the individual's interests when possible. This should not be confused with providing everything under the sun. Making content overwhelming makes is less relevant not more. Quality not Quantity.
5. Empowerment
Empower the audience whenever possible. People want to be heard and feel heard and wherever possible make a difference.
I know what you are going to say. I missed a lot things which also underlie some if not all sucessful Web 2.0 solutions. Such as the authenticity, social content, a human voice, crowdsourcing, interoperability, the networked audience effect, etc. But for now I want try to dissect what it is in the audience experience which makes social media so compelling. As with all web 2.0, this is up for discussion though. Hope to hear you opinions on this. In future posts, I will attempt to expand on this and discuss how these 5 themes can guide us to create better process in business, government and the non profit spaces.


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DJ Envy Tries To Get His Weight Up Working Out W/ LL Cool J!
LL Cool J and Dj Envy work out in the gym
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Home Tags Sweat
FitnessU: Indoor cardio for any fitness level, any space, and any time (Part 1)
Rate this article and enter to winFor all of us in the western hemisphere, it's winter. For some of us, that means cold. With most of our holidays behind us and a new semester...


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This has nothing to do with libraries (except that most of the folks are librarians…)
A good friend from library school made a video out of photos taken while we were in school (posted on her blog) and it just made me realize how much I miss this amazing group of people! And our potlucks and picnics and parties and live music gatherings…. We could do food like nobody's business –check it for yourself!


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Census researchers have recently published a paper in Scientists with the Tagging of Pacific Predators [1] (TOPP) program combined satellite tagging, passive acoustic monitoring and genetic tags to study white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) – popularly known as great white sharks – in the North Pacific. The team consisted of researchers from Stanford University, University of California-Davis, Point Reyes Bird Observatory and the Pelagic Shark Research Foundation, and the details of their study were published online by the Proceedings of the Royal Society B [2].
The researchers used a combination of satellite and acoustic tags to follow the migrations of 179 individual white sharks between 2000 and 2008. These sharks were adults or sub-adults that ranged in size up to 4,000 pounds, and were individually tagged at sites along the central California coast, including the Gulf of the Farallones, Tomales Bay and Año Nuevo. The electronic tags reveal that the sharks spend the majority of their time in three areas of the Pacific: the North American shelf waters of California; the slope and offshore waters around Hawaii; and an area called the "White Shark Café," located in the open ocean approximately halfway between the Baja Peninsula and the Hawaiian Islands. The full press release [3], including video [4] of scientists tagging white sharks, can be viewed on Stanford University's website [5].
[1] http://www.topp.org/
[2] http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2009/10/29/rspb.2009.1155.full?sid=194ad4a2-376b-4c11-b3a3-09d65af4e933
[3] http://news.stanford.edu/news/2009/november2/white-shark-research-110309.html
[4] http://news.stanford.edu/news/2009/november2/videos/649.html
[5] http://news.stanford.edu/news/scitech/


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Birds Eye Media necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 52 diseños de 21 diseñadores freelance.
Marketing Consultants - We've given a great variety of clients the benefit of major marketers. From real estate, law and dentistry, to high-tech, to retail — even neighborhood coffee shops. They all have one thing in common: They wanted more business on a limited budget.
Birds Eye specializes in bringing big ideas and big results to small business. We're a team forged in the world of high-end marketing.
What do we all share in common? We've all seen how the methods used by big corporations can — and should — be used to benefit local businesses. And we know how to make it happen.
We share extensive experience and passion for tailoring effective strategies to maximize marketing dollars.
This logo is going to be used for web, marketing materials - the service will be presented to 30-80 age group. The Omega3test.com is an at home blood test kit that provides our clients with the level of Omega 3 in their blood. This is a state of the art blood test and the resulting report derived from the blood sample provides a wide variety of healthful - preventive recommendation.
Here are some thoughts:
1. Think lab coats and beakers - large pharma company
2. See attached parent company logo. We would prefer a relational (not the same) color pallet.
3. The logo will be used for a wide variety marketing materials.
4. Icon to the left or right of Omega 3 test is preferred.
5. We will also want packaging and web site, upon completion of logo.
6. Sooner is better than later to submit a design.
7. Do not use .com in the logo
8. The name is omega 3 test
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Ray J - For The Love Of Ray J
Ray J "For The Love of Ray J" video Explains how each of the girls on the show got their names... SOUNDTRACK In Stores March 24th, 2009
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Reviewed by Jonnie C. (age 7)
My favorite part is when the iguanas eat. They eat fruit, plants and flowers. The pictures were cool because I like iguanas. Iguanas were drawn in the pictures. The colors are pretty. This story reminds me of iguanas. I would like to have one. My aunt knows someone who wants to give an iguana away. Maybe I can keep it.
I recommend this book to people who might want iguanas.


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Biking at Biltmore
Explore the estate from a different perspective on our many miles of biking trails. Choose from our well-marked woodland trails for a more challenging ride, or take a leisurely ride on our paved trail along the French Broad River. Bring your own bike or rent one from us.
Biltmore's Bike Barn, located on the second floor of Antler Hill Barn, is your one-stop location for all things biking. January through March, limited bike rentals are available from the Outdoor Adventure Center and are weather dependent; guests who bring their own bikes should check in for a trail map and get current trail conditions.
Bike Rental Options
Single-speed beach cruiser for paved paths (per hour)
Cost: $15
Tandem bike (up to 4 hours)
Cost: $50. Must have at least one adult.
Hybrid or mountain bike for all biking trails (up to 4 hours)
Cost: $30 adult, $20 youth ages 12 and younger
Hybrid or mountain bike for all biking trails (up to 8 hours)
Cost: $60 adult, $40 youth ages 12 and younger
Hybrid or mountain bike trailer or tag-a-long attachment for youth
Cost: $10
Prices are in addition to estate admission and subject to change. Plus applicable tax. Reservations are not available. Visit the Bike Barn on the day of your visit for bike rentals.
Behind-the-Scenes Guided Tours
Includes Upstairs – Downstairs Tour, Rooftop Tour, Legacy of the Land, Sustainability Tour, Guided House Tour, and Premium House Tour**
Specialty Wine Experiences
Includes Red Wine & Chocolate, Biltmore Bubbles, and Vine to Wine Tours***
Outdoor Activities
Includes Fly-Fishing School, Land Rover Experience Driving School, Sporting Clays School, Biking, Carriage Rides, Guided Horseback Trail Rides, Segway Tours, Outrider USA Adventure, Falconry, and River Float Trips*
Call the Passholder Priority Line at 800-413-9787 for reservations and more details.
*Discounts apply to one Passholder and one accompanying guest. Advance reservations are required for guided tours, wine experiences, and outdoor activities as space is limited. Valid Annual Pass must be presented at the time of your tour. Biltmore reserves the right to cancel any tour or activity if certain requirements are not met or due to inclement weather. Discounts are not valid on Saturdays and Christmas Day through New Year's Day. Biltmore Annual Passes are nontransferable and nonrefundable.
**Audio Guide to Biltmore House not included in discount.
***Guests are required to be at least 21 years old to participate in wine experiences.