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By Alfred Opp, Vancouver, British Columbia
Edited by Connie Dahlke, Walla Walla, Washington
Health care practices from by-gone times have been an interesting topic both in published books and in family folk-lore stories. What was done by the German Colonists in Bessarabia had similarities to what was done in the rest of Europe. I would, however, like to share some of my childhood experiences in Bessarabia.
When I was a toddler, I contracted diphtheria. I became urgently in need of professional medical care. Time was running out. By then we did have a doctor in town, and my Dad went out in the middle of the night to call for the doctor. Along the say, Dad also stopped at my grandparents, who lived across the street from the doctor. They all came back in grandpa's two-wheeler one-horse carriage. Dr. Frank looked in my mouth, confirmed the diagnosis, and instantly noticed that I was in a very serious condition. He ordered Dad to send someone immediately to the Apotheke (drugstore) in Arzis, some 8 km. away. Grandpa went to work to unhitch the horse from the carraige, and then one of Dad's workers took off on the horse toward Arzis. Understanding the urgency, he traveled as fast as he could. When he arrived at Arzis, being in the night, the Apotheke was closed. But he knocked on the window of the Apothekers residence, who then got up and filled the prescription. Dad's worker then rode the horse hard back to Teplitz. Both horse and rider were in a sweat when
they completed their journey. Mom told me that I had only seconds or minutes before I would have died. But the medicine arrived in time, and I survived.
In those days (1933-1934), doctors and druggists understood they could not hold to "office hours." Being called into service was part of their business. If callers had gotten into a habit of only showing up at odd hours, that would have been different. In Bessarabia, not every town had a doctor, much less an Apotheke. Many people avoided patronizing either, due to the cost. People generally relied on folk-knowledge to threat their aches and pains. Women skilled at folk-medicine not only cared for their own ill family members, but often were resources for others in the community.
The folk medicines and treatments they used were things inherited from the elders and ancestors of by-gone times. Basic remedies were teas, diet, and massages - often using mixtures of herbs found in nature's garden. My Grandma Regge Opp had a pair of hands as strong as a bricklayer, and yet a touch as gentle as a feather. She was often called upon to massage people's limbs. My Dad was stricken with rheumatic fever in 1936. The pain was so severe that he cries could be heard outside the house. He would not let my Mom touch him to move him in and out of bed. Rather, he called on his mother, my Grandma Regge Opp, to do it.
One day, I came down with an infected tooth. My face was swollen on one side and was very painful. Dad went with me to Dr. Frank, who was a big, friendly man. Dr. Frank told Dad to hold me tight while he went to work. There was no icing or pain relief of any kind to calm me down. What
worked was Dad's warning me to hold still, or else! That was enough said. I opened my mouth and the tooth was pulled out.
Another family story in my past was that my great-grandma Regina (Gerber) Mueller had a gallstone problem that could only have been cured by surgery. The family heard about a surgeon in Odessa who was known to be a very good surgeon, but expensive. Great-grandpa was quite well-to-do and wanted to take his wife to the surgeon in Odessa. But she would not go under any circumstances. She refused to go such a distance away to expose her body to a strange man, doctor or not. That was that. A short time later she died. My grandma Regge Opp never went to a doctor in her entire life. She looked after her own medical needs. She also died of gallstones.
I have seen much illness and death in my lifetime. To me, that is a natural occurrence. What is not natural is to see the agony of people, including children, as they are starved to death. Both my little sister and my youngest brother were victims of starvation in internment camps after WWII in Poland. My Dad, a civilian with a heart weakened by rheumatic fever, was arrested and forced into hard labor under starvation food conditions in a labor camp in the Ukraine after WWII ended. He was worked to death under these horrible conditions. Those of us who survived those conditions were helpless to help our own family members. The frustration and pain is with me to this day.
The war taught me many lessons. The hundreds and hundreds of war dead that I have seen were the result of acts of hate. I can only deal with such memories by forgiveness. To take an innocent child and nail it to a cross, just to get even, I cannot and never will understand. My mother told me about one of the last moments of my sister's life - I truly cannot repeat it . . . . .
Alfred Opp is the author of "Pawns on the World Stage" - the memoirs of his childhood in Teplitz, Bessarabia and the experiences of his family in war-torn Europe (Poland during 1941-1945 before they fled to East Germany in 1945, then the reconstruction of West Germany 1945-1955).


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Remote Software Access from Marriott Library
Check Marriott Library's Remote Software Access before purchasing expensive software for your own computer. Students, staff and faculty can log in with their uNID and access selected software for MAC, Windows and Linux operating systems. From Adobe Illustrator to Xcode for Macs, there are 40 programs available remotely. Read more at fyi news article.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Square Stand, an iPad mount with a built-in card reader from Square that integrates with other Square hardware, is now available for purchase at Best Buy locations and Apple Retail Stores. Square's own online store will also sell the stand. Square says that Best Buy stores will eventually allow users experience a demo of the stand in action
Neighborhood retail locations are an important resource for small business owners looking for new opportunities and technologies that can help them grow. Customers can purchase Square Stand in both Apple retail stores and Best Buy stores. In Best Buy, customers can also experience Square Stand with interactive product demos that will roll out to over 1,000 locations in the coming months.
In addition to the card reader, the Square Stand can also be secured to a surface, and the iPad used with the stand can be locked inside of it, protecting your iPad from theft. Square says that other hardware like cash drawers, receipt printers, and barcode scanners can be connected to the device quickly and easily. The Square Stand costs $299, and preordered stands are shipping to customers this week.
Source: Square


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Born and raised in Chicago, IL, Adam Romanowicz always had a fascination with the artistic and abstract world. Childhood days were spent drawing, building models, and daydreaming of adventures in far off lands. While the real world grounds him in a career of engineering, daydreaming evolved into a passion for travel, outdoors, SCUBA diving, and other exhilarating activities. These passions only reinforce Adam's love of photography, allowing him to show others the world through his eyes.
Shooting the world since 1997, Adam strives to create a strong sense of place in his travel related fine art photographs. The idea is to make the viewer feel that they are literally standing in the image rather than just looking at it. Other than travel, photo interests include aviation, underwater, and macro. Adam is also getting into digital art, focusing on the surreal 3D world.
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In addition to fine art prints, Adam offers a large collection of editorial and commercial stock photography. Stock images are available for license on his award winning website, 3scape.com. Published credits include: Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Harcourt School Publishers (educational books), Newfoundland Gazette, various websites, calendars, cd covers, and store displays. His work was used in set design for ABC's TV show Desperate Housewives, as well as on a TV spot in Sydney, AU.


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The first year I bought season opera tickets Andrew was curious. "You want to get tickets? Okay . . ." After his first three-hour production he was decidedly less enthusiastic. Why, if he had to sit through three hours of Verdi, couldn't he at least get a good hot dog to help him through the trauma—a decent concessions stand was what the Anchorage Opera needed to boost tickets sales—that without nachos and a Coke opera didn't stand a chance.
Things did get better until half-way through his first Wagner I turned to him during intermission and asked, "So now that you've had more of a taste, do you like it?"
He got rather serious and after considering the question replied, "Well, you know it's kind of like eating vegetables. You don't want to do it at all and might even avoid it most of the meal but after you get it down you know it was good for you."
Great. An evening with me at the opera is right there on his jolly list next to eating vegetables. Next he'll say going out to dinner is a trip to the dentist. But he's been a good sport and has sat through Mozart, Verdi, Wagner, Rossini and this weekend's Madame Butterfly, or as those who carry real opera glasses instead of camo-patterned binoculars say, "Ma-DAM-uh Butterfly." I anticipated a lovely evening of music and culture with my dear husband suffering along in silence. Well . . . not exactly silence.
The story is of a geisha who marries an American naval officer. She's deeply in love with him but he's merely toying with her, planning to trade her in for a "real American" wife whenever the urge strikes him. When he leaves she kills herself with her dead father's sword.
The music was wonderful, the soprano fabulous and Andrew and I were enjoying ourselves—yes, even Andrew though he whined a bit about missing his cold cereal night cap—when the final scene began. In despair Madame Butterfly turns her back to the audience, draws her sword and as a giant American flag—no make that giant American flag, the biggest I've ever seen, large enough to stretch from wall to wall and ceiling to floor—descends like a curtain, blocking her from view, a spotlight shines on her from backstage. It shines onto the giant flag—did I make it clear that it is the biggest flag on the planet?—projecting her vivid shadow within the circle of light. Arms outstretched, she stabs herself in the heart and her shadow staggers around, dying in a ghastly display of flying hair, robes and swooning. She collapses and the flag drops, crumpling in a heap over her dead body. A brutal funeral mound remaining as a testament of the evil empire that brought such misery. Curtain drops.
Hmmmm . . . .I have to say I was a little uncomfortable with the whole thing, it was in poor taste and made me raise an eyebrow as the audience widely applauded but I had rather reservedly and politely joined in when suddenly from my seat on the absolute back row of the balcony I heard a loud, "BOOOOOO!" More accurately, I heard it as, "BOO-URF!" because in the microsecond it took for my brain to register the sound, I turned to my left and saw Andrew with his hands cupped around his mouth, letting go his uber-conservative-apple-pie-eatin'
-Republican-votin'-Rush-Limbaugh-lovin'-sensibilities. I saw in that half-instant where it was going and in a scene that plays in slow motion in my mind I threw myself into Andrew (most particularly with my elbow) and cut him off right there.
He stopped with his hands poised, wind all knocked out, and looked at me as if I might be insane but I looked at him and knew he was. He shrugged his shoulders and said something to the effect that he wasn't going to sit still while they threw their liberal anti-American ideas in his face but I wasn't buying it. Like I said, I thought the display was in poor taste but had he even looked around? There were more Birkenstocks in that theater than at a John Kerry rally and he wasn't going to get any sympathy for his patriotism from his fellow theater-goers.
Confused at this point, he started to explain that he had a duty to make his moral position heard but I assured him that should he wish to do that he could walk out, refuse to clap, write a letter, cancel his season tickets, heck, he could even picket the opera's downtown office dressed as a geisha but he WASN'T going to embarrass me.
"But—" he protested.
"Do NOT embarrass me!" I hissed and continued my restrained clapping.
Don't kid yourself, your typical Anchorage opera audience isn't the classiest crowd, you'll see everything from tuxedos to tee-shirts but white trash or not I wasn't going to let him boo the soprano. He was a little shocked that I didn't care to take up arms in the matter and began grumbling about liberal agendas and how Madame Butterfly was probably a metaphor for Hilary Clinton but it wasn't going to fly.
I should have brought the tranquilizers but somehow I elbowed through the crowd and got him outside where the rush of the moment began to wear off and he felt rather sheepish about his sudden burst of national pride. But the damage had been done, so much for my season tickets. Andrew's convinced there's no trusting the Anchorage Opera and that next season's production of the HMS Pinafore will surely be ravaged by liberal ideals until the "Post-Modern" Major General is likely to end up a very effeminate affair. So much for music soothing the savage breast.
Technorati tags: opera, Madame Butterfly, Alaska, protest
Monday, March 13, 2006
Recitatives and Rednecks
The first year I bought season opera tickets Andrew was curious. "You want to get tickets? Okay . . ." After his first three-hour production he was decidedly less enthusiastic. Why, if he had to sit through three hours of Verdi, couldn't he at least get a good hot dog to help him through the trauma—a decent concessions stand was what the Anchorage Opera needed to boost tickets sales—that without nachos and a Coke opera didn't stand a chance.
Email this post Labels: family life
8 comments:
- local girl said...
Wow! For someone who didn't even like the opera to begin with, he sure got involved! I think it's great that he stands up for what he believes in!
Thank you for sharing this with the Carnival of Family Life!
- Stephanie said...
Tim performed this is college. I can't remember how that scene was staged, but I am pretty sure it was not like that! Sometimes it is hard to be a conservative in the arts world! :)
Good story!
- Lara said...
What a bizarre way to stage that scence. Though I wouldn't have been as vocal as your husband, I think I would have booed on the inside!
Here via CFL.
- Lisa said...
Great story. Sounds like Andrew really ended up getting into the opera after all!! Too bad it ended up being a little embarrassing for you.
Here via the carnival of family life.
- Mert said...
Oh my, too funny! Err, well... now it is, right?
I really liked the part about it being a metaphor for Hilary Clinton. *snort* Here from the CFL.
- Kerri said...
Are you sure it wasn't like the kids breaking a plate so they don't have to do the dishes? "If I boo and embarrass her, maybe she won't want me to come to the opera anymore..." Hmmm... :D
Here vis CoFL
- karen lynch said...
So I guess Andrew won't be going to the Opera again?
Great story. Glad I found it on the CFL
- Binoculars said...
This is a nice story.Thanks for the blog.


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IFS study reveals most manufacturers in a green supply chain
– Almost 77 percent of manufactures participating in a recent survey said they are currently required by their customers to report on their environmental impact and that of their products or require their vendors to do so – these results suggest that green supply chains are becoming the norm.
More than 80 percent o
More than 80 percent of respondents said that green supply chains – in which companies make purchasing decisions based on non-financial criteria, including the environmental impact of vendors and their products – will become more important in the next three years. The study was conducted in December of 2010 among more than 200 executives with manufacturing operations with greater than $100 million in revenue.
However, respondents indicated that their IT infrastructure, including enterprise resources planning (ERP) software, was not keeping up with their changing green supply chain needs, with 87 percent reporting that this data was handled at least in part through hard copy. Only five percent rated their ERP software as "excellent" in its handling of green supply chain data while 54 percent rated their ERP solution as "poor" or "not at all helpful" in this regard.
"This disconnect between industry needs and what ERP software vendors are delivering will likely become a major issue in the years ahead," IFS North America President and CEO Cindy Jaudon said. "This is one issue we at IFS have been passionate about for a long time, and this passion has driven us to stake out a leadership position in integrated ERP functionality for comprehensive environmental footprint management."
IFS Eco-footprint Management enables environmental impact to be traced along the entire value chain, from raw-material procurement and production to distribution and use of the products in the field. This makes it possible to analyze businesses from a holistic perspective and gain an overview of environmental costs.
The study, which examines not only the green supply chain issue and its effect on enterprise software needs but the increasing trend towards mixed-mode manufacturing, will become publically available in February at http://download.ifsworld.com - Industry Reports & Studies category. For an advance copy, contact IFS North America at 1-888-437-4968.


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Clinically Significant Drug Interactions Associated With Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
January 2004
A note from TheBody.com: The field of medicine is constantly evolving. As a result, parts of this article may be outdated. Please keep this in mind, and be sure to visit other parts of our site for more recent information!
IntroductionOne of the most challenging issues facing providers treating patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) infection is the complex problem of drug interactions associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Guidelines for the initial treatment of HIV infection recommend the use of at least three antiretroviral medications, each of which is associated with significant drug interactions.1 Further increasing the risk of drug interactions is the concurrent treatment of co-morbid disease states and therapies for prevention and/or treatment of opportunistic infections (OIs). This review focuses on the clinically significant drug interaction associated with the use of HAART.
Drug Interaction OverviewCurrently, there are 21 medications from four different classes licensed in the United States for the treatment of HIV infection. Drug interactions associated with HIV medications can be broadly classified into those that alter pharmacokinetics and those that alter pharmacodynamics.2 Pharmacokinetic drug interactions generally result in a change in pharmacokinetic parameters, such as the area under the curve (AUC), which is a common measure of drug exposure, peak concentration (Cmax), trough concentration, or half-life. Conversely, pharmacodynamic interactions result in alterations in the pharmacologic activity of the medication; generally not causing a change in pharmacokinetic parameters. The vast majority of drug interactions encountered in HIV medicine are pharmacokinetic in nature and occur as a result of a change in the absorption, distribution, metabolism or elimination of either the HIV medication itself or the concurrently administered medication.3
The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme system is responsible for the biotransformation of drugs from active to inactive metabolites that are readily excreted by the body. Given the effects of the protease inhibitor (PI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTI) class on the CYP450 system, metabolism drug interactions are most common and problematic when prescribing HAART. Though numerous isoenzymes of CYP450 have been identified, the enzymes responsible for the elimination of the majority of drugs used in HAART are CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP2D6. Table 1 describes the route of elimination for HAART.
Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase InhibitorsDrug interactions associated with the nucleoside (NRTI) and nucleotide (NtRTI) classes are minimal, as these medications are not metabolized by the CYP450 system. However, drug interactions may still occur within this class.
The currently available NRTIs and NtRTI include zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, stavudine, lamivudine, abacavir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir. Drug interactions with zidovudine are minimal; however, one of the few pharmacodynamic interactions encountered in HIV medicine occurs with co-administered zidovudine and stavudine. Since both of these NRTIs are thymidine analogues, they can compete for the same phosphorylation site in the growing chain of HIV DNA, resulting in an antagonistic, pharmacodynamic interaction.3 These two agents should therefore never be combined.
The use of didanosine (ddI) is often complicated by drug interactions. The buffered tablet formulation, which contains magnesium and calcium to improve systemic absorption, interacts with certain antibiotics.4 As a result of the buffer chelating the antibiotic, reduced ciprofloxacin, tetracycline or doxycycline absorption may occur. To minimize this interaction, ddI should be administered at least two hours after or six hours before the fluoroquinolone.5 Concurrent use of ddI-buffered tablet may also impair the absorption of the protease inhibitor (PI) atazanavir, since atazanavir requires an acidic environment for absorption.6 Patients should take a ddI-buffered tablet two hours after or one hour before taking atazanavir to minimize the interaction. Alternatively, use of the enteric-coated capsule formulation is an option; however, providers need to be sure that patients separate ddI and atazanavir since their dietary restrictions differ.6, 7
Probably the most significant ddI drug interaction reported occurs when didanosine is used concurrently with the NtRTI tenofovir. When enteric-coated ddI is co-administered with tenofovir, the ddI AUC increases by 60%.8 As a result, the recommendation for patients weighing >60kg who receive these medications concurrently is to reduce the ddI dosage to 250 mg once daily. For patients weighing <60kg, no specific guidelines are available for ddI dosing; however, reduction to 200 mg once daily is likely warranted. For severely underweight patients, providers may consider an even further ddI dosage reduction to 125 mg once daily. Due to the magnitude of this interaction, all patients receiving concurrent tenofovir and ddI should be monitored closely for ddI-related toxicities such as pancreatitis, hyperlactatemia, and lactic acidosis, regardless of ddI dosage adjustments.
Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase InhibitorsThree NNRTIs are currently licensed for use in the U.S.: nevirapine, delavirdine, and efavirenz. Drugs in this class are prone to drug interactions, given the fact that they are extensively metabolized via CYP3A4 and can act as either inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4. Nevirapine and efavirenz are, in general, inducers of CYP3A4, while delavirdine is an inhibitor of CYP3A4. When one of these agents is combined with a medication that is also metabolized by CYP3A4, a drug interaction is likely to occur.
Numerous drug interactions with nevirapine have been identified. Nevirapine is a CYP3A4 inducer, therefore most drug interactions associated with it lead to an increase in metabolism and reduced concentration of the co-administered drug. For example, when nevirapine is given concurrently with methadone, withdrawal symptoms may occur as a result of reduced methadone levels.9-12 When using methadone and nevirapine concurrently, patients should be monitored closely for signs and symptoms of methadone withdrawal. Since the full effects of CYP3A4 induction may take time, signs of withdrawal may occur one to two weeks (or longer) after nevirapine is added to methadone. An increase in methadone dosage may be necessary after the addition of nevirapine.
Concurrent nevirapine and oral contraceptive use may lead to contraceptive failure; therefore providers should recommend alternate methods of birth control.13 Rifabutin and rifampin are also potent CYP3A4 inducers and have been shown to reduce nevirapine trough concentrations by 16% and 37%, respectively. Therefore, patients on nevirapine who require anti-mycobacterial therapy should be given rifabutin to minimize the reduction in nevirapine drug levels.
Efavirenz is a potent inducer of CYP3A4 in vivo. As with nevirapine, CYP3A4 induction properties of efavirenz can result in reduced concentrations of concurrently administered drugs that are also metabolized by CYP3A4. In vitro data also suggest that efavirenz can inhibit CYP3A4. Efavirenz is therefore contraindicated with midazolam, triazolam, and ergotamine derivatives since there is a potential for increased drug concentrations of these medications and associated toxicity.14 Despite the inclusion of these contraindicated medications in the product labeling, no published case reports to date have either proven or refuted the validity of these interactions. Concurrent use of the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin should be avoided in patients receiving concurrent efavirenz. When used together, the clarithromycin AUC and Cmax decreased by 39% and 26%, respectively.14 Therefore, clinicians may consider using azithromycin instead, as CYP450 drug interactions are unlikely with this medication.
Similar to nevirapine, methadone withdrawal has also been reported with concurrent use of efavirenz and methadone. This is more likely to occur when adding efavirenz to a stable methadone regimen.12 Providers should be aware that the full effect of methadone withdrawal may take one to two weeks. Any change to antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens should be communicated to methadone maintenance providers so that potential drug interactions may be anticipated and avoided.
Concurrent use of efavirenz with rifampin has been shown to reduce the AUC and Cmax of efavirenz by 26% and 20%, respectively. Although the clinical significance of this interaction is unknown, providers should increase the efavirenz dosage to 800 mg daily to offset this interaction when using rifampin to treat tuberculosis.15 Another alternative would be to use rifabutin instead of rifampin; current guidelines suggest that the rifabutin dose be increased to 450 mg daily and the dosage of efavirenz should remain at 600 mg once daily.
Unlike efavirenz and nevirapine, delavirdine is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4. As a result, concurrent administration of drugs metabolized by the same isoenzyme are likely to cause increased drug levels and potential drug toxicity. Drugs that are likely to have increased serum levels when used concurrently with delavirdine include alprazolam, midazolam, triazolam, sildenafil, ergot alkaloid derivatives, nifedipine, and the HMGCoA-reductase inhibitors simvastatin and lovastatin.16 Concurrent use of these medications should be avoided in patients receiving delavirdine.
The medications rifampin and rifabutin have also been shown to reduce the AUC of delavirdine by 96% and 80%, respectively. Current guidelines for ART recommend that these medications be avoided in patients receiving concurrent delavirdine due to the high risk for development of resistance and virologic failure.15, 16
Other potential drug interactions with the entire NNRTI class include the anticonvulsants phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital. Since these medications induce the CYP450 system, reduced drug levels of delavirdine, efavirenz, and nevirapine may occur and should be avoided if possible. A potential alternative is the medication levetiracetam and may be considered with concurrent ARV treatment, as it does not have significant CYP450 interactions. When prescribing levetiracetam, the patient should have close follow-up with a neurologist.
In treating patients who have failed their first regimen, or are in deeper salvage therapy, providers may be forced to use NNRTIs and PIs together. Providers need to be cognizant of dosage changes required when using these two classes concurrently, given the effect of both classes on the CYP3A4 system. As the NNRTIs efavirenz and nevirapine are known inducers of the CYP3A4 system, significant reductions in PI levels may occur when using these drugs concurrently. For example, when using efavirenz or nevirapine with indinavir or lopinavir/ritonavir, the AUC of the PIs are reduced by about 33%. To offset this interaction, providers need to increase the PI dosage: for indinavir the dosage needs to be increased to 1000 mg every eight hours, and for lopinavir/ritonavir, the dosage needs to be increased to four capsules (533 mg/133 mg) twice daily.17, 18 Conversely, as delavirdine is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, concurrent use with indinavir requires a dosage reduction to 600 mg every eight hours.17 No data exist that describe the pharmacokinetic interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and delavirdine.
Concurrent use of the two new PIs atazanavir and fosamprenavir with either efavirenz or nevirapine also result in reduction in PI levels. However, instead of dosage adjustments, data suggest that the addition of ritonavir to these PIs is a viable option to offset the reductions in PI drug level. For example, during concurrent use of atazanavir and efavirenz, atazanavir AUC was reduced by about 74%.19 To offset the interaction, providers need to reduce the atazanavir dosage to 300 mg once daily and also add ritonavir 100 mg once daily. When boosted fosamprenavir once daily is used concurrently with efavirenz, fosamprenavir should be given 1,400 mg with 300 mg of ritonavir once daily or fosamprenavir 700 mg with ritonavir 100 mg both twice daily.20 Though data evaluating the drug interaction between nevirapine and either atazanavir or fosamprenavir are unavailable, expert opinion suggests that the same dosage adjustments should be made, given the similarity in efavirenz and nevirapine metabolism. Data combining these medications with delavirdine is not available. See Table 2 for a summary of dosage recommendations with select PI and NNRTI combinations.
Protease InhibitorsAll PIs are potent inhibitors of CYP3A4, and as a result, drug interactions are often very complex. As a result of CYP3A4 inhibition, medication levels of agents also metabolized by the same izoenzyme have the potential to be markedly increased by the PI, potentially leading to an increased incidence of adverse effects. PIs have differing affinities for the CYP3A4 isoenzyme. The most potent inhibitor of CYP3A4 is ritonavir, whereas the least potent is saquinavir; CYP3A4 inhibition associated with indinavir, nelfinavir, and amprenavir, and atazanavir tends to be intermediate.21 Ritonavir is often the most likely medication in the PI class to cause drug interactions because in addition to its CYP3A4 inhibition, it also inhibits CYP2D6 and induces CYP1A2 and CYP2C9. However, ritonavir is often used to enhance the pharmacokinetic parameters of co-administered PIs due to its potent inhibition of their metabolism by CYP3A4.
Numerous medications should be avoided when using PI-based therapy. The benzodiazapines midazolam and triazolam are contraindicated, as these medications are metabolized by CYP3A4 and their concentrations can be markedly increased, resulting in prolonged sedation. Though the benzodiazapine alprazolam may also be increased by concurrent PI therapy, low doses may be acceptable to use. Other potential alternatives to these agents include lorazepam, oxazepam, or temazepam, as these medications are not metabolized by CYP450.21
Hyperlipidemia is a common occurrence with PI therapy, though it may also be associated with stavudine and efavirenz. As a result, providers often treat hyperlipidemia with either fibric acid derivatives or with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, also referred to as statins. Although drug interactions with the fibric acid derivatives have not been identified, the use of certain statins is contraindicated with the use of a PI. The two most problematic statins are simvastatin and lovastatin, as these agents are extensively metabolized via CYP3A4.22 When used concurrently with PIs, these statin levels are markedly increased, placing the patient at risk for myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and possibly renal failure and death. Statins that are considered safe include pravastatin or fluvastatin, as they have minimal effect on CYP450, therefore reducing the risk of drug interactions. Another potential option is atorvastatin, however CYP3A4 is involved with its metabolism. Use of atorvastatin with PI therapy should be done only with the lowest available dosages and with close follow-up for potential hepatotoxicity and muscle toxicity. The newest statin, rosuvastatin, cannot be recommended as no drug interaction studies exist evaluating concurrent PI use.
The use of PIs (and NNRTIs) often complicates the treatment of mycobacterial infections such as tuberculosis and MAC because rifampin and rifabutin are potent inducers of CYP3A4, leading to significant reductions in PI levels. However, rifampin is much more problematic, as it is a more potent inducer of CYP3A4 compared to rifabutin. Therefore, concurrent use of rifampin with PI regimens that do not include ritonavir is generally contraindicated due to risks of subtherapeutic levels of PIs that can result in either virologic failure or resistance.
Herbal therapy is common in the setting of HIV infection.23 Oftentimes, herbal therapies have not been studied with concurrent HAART, and therefore their use should be discouraged unless data evaluating their effect on HAART are available. St. John's wort and garlic supplementation significantly reduce the levels of the PIs indinavir and saquinavir soft gel capsule, respectively.24, 25 Since other PIs and NNRTIs are also metabolized by CYP3A4, similar interactions with other medications in these classes would be expected. Therefore, patients should be encouraged to avoid St. John's wort, garlic supplements, and other herbal therapies that have not been formally studied with PIs. The herbal therapy milk thistle, often used as a hepatoprotectant, has been shown to have minimal effects on the PI indinavir.26 Providers choosing to offer milk thistle to patients may be able to do so safely with PI- and NNRTI-based therapies; however, data demonstrating its effect on PIs exist only for indinavir.
Drugs for erectile dysfunction, such as sildenafil, vardenafil and the recently approved tadalafil, can also have their levels increased significantly by concurrent PI use.27-29 Specifically, sildenafil levels can be increased from two to eleven-fold when used concurrently with PI therapy. Therefore, clinicians should prescribe, at most, 25 mg every 48 hours initially. For patients who do not respond to 25 mg, consideration for using higher doses should only be done with extreme caution. PIs can also increase vardenafil concentrations.
Current guidelines from the product labeling suggest that for patients on a PI-based regimen that does not include ritonavir, the maximum initial dose of vardenafil should be 2.5 mg, without repeating the dose for 24 hours.29 For patients receiving ritonavir even at low doses, the maximum initial vardenafil dose should be 2.5 mg and should not be repeated for 72 hours.29 Tadalafil was also recently approved; maximum doses used should not exceed 10 mg every 72 hours for patients receiving concurrent PI therapy.30 Possible toxicities from these drugs include priapism, hypotension, and visual color changes.
HIV-infected patients may either have a seizure disorder or may require seizure prophylaxis due to OIs that involve the central nervous system. This often becomes problematic in the setting of HAART due to very limited data on concurrent use of anticonvulsants and PIs. Use of the anticonvulsants phenytoin, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine is of particular concern as they induce CYP450 enzymes that may lead to reduced PI or NNRTI levels.21 In fact, one case report in the literature describes ART failure possibly related to carbamazepine therapy in a patient receiving a PI.31 In this case, 200 mg of carbamazepine was taken with 800 mg of indinavir every eight hours, which led to subsequent virologic failure. Therefore, concurrent use of these drugs with PIs should be avoided, and a different anticonvulsant should be considered. More recently, a drug interaction study was reported between lopinavir/ritonavir and phenytoin.32 When used together, a dual interaction occurred, such that the levels of both lopinavir and phenytoin were markedly reduced. Therefore, providers should avoid this combination and select an alternative HAART regimen or an alternative anticonvulsant. One potential option is the use of levetiracetam, an anticonvulsant that has minimal drug interactions. Use of this medication in HIV-infected patients has not been studied, and therefore its use for treatment or prevention of seizures should only be done with close consultation with a neurologist. Whenever possible, patients who require concurrent HAART and anticonvulsant therapy should undergo periodic monitoring of anticonvulsant drug levels. For some PIs, therapeutic drug monitoring may also be an option to ensure that adequate levels are being attained. Consensus trough concentrations have been established and are available in the most recent revision of the federal Department of Health and Human Services Guidelines.1
Patients infected with HIV-1 may require antifungal therapy for such infections as cryptococcal meningitis, or candidiasis. With regard to PI drug interactions, the safest of the oral medications is fluconazole, as drug interactions are minimal.33, 34 However, the azole antifungal ketoconazole is a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor and increases the level of drug exposure to saquinavir and amprenavir by 190% and 31%, respectively.35, 36 Conversely, ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir have demonstrated a three-fold increase in ketoconazole levels when used concurrently. Therefore doses >200 mg/day of ketoconazole are not recommended when using these medications concurrently.18 In general, ketoconazole should be avoided with concurrent HAART. The newest azole antifungal, voriconazole, has significant activity against aspergillosis and candida albicans. Its use for treatment of candidiasis in HIV-infected patients has been established; however, drug interaction data only exist for concurrent use of indinavir, where no clinically significant interaction occurred.1 Although extrapolation to other PIs may be possible, until data are available, use of this azole with other PI-containing regimens (especially those that contain ritonavir) should be undertaken when an alternative azole cannot be used, and with close monitoring for voriconazole toxicity, such as elevated transaminases and visual toxicity.
One of the recently approved PIs for use in the U.S. is atazanavir.19 Drug interactions with atazanavir are very similar to the other PIs; however, some differences do exist. In particular, atazanavir is a pH-dependent medication, requiring an acidic environment for absorption. As a result, the use of drugs that may alter the gastric pH are likely to be problematic. Since antacids may reduce atazanavir absorption, atazanavir should be administered two hours before or one hour after antacids. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as lansoprazole and omeprazole significantly alter the gastric pH for prolonged periods of time (often lasting longer than 24 hours), the atazanavir product labeling recommends that PPIs should not be used concurrently with atazanavir. As an alternative, providers may consider the use of a once daily histamine-2 (H-2) receptor antagonist separated by 12 hours from atazanavir. The current thought is that H2 blockers provide less prolonged suppression of acid, and, if separated, the interaction should be minimized. However, no data exist to prove or refute this theory.19
Other significant drug interactions may also occur with concurrent PI use. Table 3 summarizes medications that should generally be avoided with concurrent PI therapy.
ConclusionsDrug interactions are often complex and may be difficult to predict due to limited studies. Providers should be diligent in educating themselves about routes of metabolism for HAART and commonly prescribed medications to help recognize potential medications that may be problematic. As therapy for HIV changes very rapidly, providers may utilize internet resources to help screen for potential drug interactions and to identify new treatment options and issues surrounding HIV infection (See "Resources" in this issue). With such interventions, toxicity or adverse events associated with drug interactions may be prevented.
John J. Faragon, Pharm.D. is Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice at Albany College of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacist at Albany Medical College. Disclosures: Speakers fees -- Abbott, Agouron (Pfizer), and GlaxoSmithKline; consultant fees -- Roche and Gilead.
Peter J. Piliero, M.D. is Associate Professor of Medicine at Albany Medical College and Clinical Consultant at the New York State Department of Corrections. Honoraria: BMS, Abbott, GSK, Roche, Merck and Gilead. Research: GSK, Roche, Trimeris, Pfizer, Boehringer-Ingelheim and Gilead.
A note from TheBody.com: The field of medicine is constantly evolving. As a result, parts of this article may be outdated. Please keep this in mind, and be sure to visit other parts of our site for more recent information!
This article was provided by Brown Medical School. It is a part of the publication HEPP Report.


text:
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Size & Fit Details
Italian cashmere V-neck sweater
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Date published: 2016-03-04
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Date published: 2015-01-06


text:
It was nightmare in some parts!
Anyway, here below a list of things for you:
Coords to move
Small Version
- -Arcata
-San Francisco
- Pierre
- Juneau
Unclear Connections (not everyone is american )
Small Version
- - Boston, it's not clear if is in Maine or Massachussets
-Newark, not clear if it is in New York or New Jersey (this one could be good because there's the abbrevaition into the legend)
-Richmond <-> Virginia Beach, dots are almost invisible there
-Philadelphia <-> Trenton, the road is invisible there
-Augusta <-> Savannah, dot's visible, but they could be better
-Kennewick <-> Spokane, again dots
-Lawton <-> Oklahoma City, dots invisbile
-D.C. is Maryland but looks VA on the map
-Weston is not clear if it is West Virginia or Maryland
Big Version
- -Boston border is unclear
I strongly suggest to add abbreviations (e.g. Alaska (AK) ) to the bonus names so it's written in the log, it's a pain to understand where some are if you don't have a knowledge of US geography.
Missing Connections (I found just one gilly )
- -Seattle <-> Anchorage, missing blue plane connection
Missing Parts/info/Components into bonuses
- - D.C. doesn't have the +2 autodeploy into the code but i see it on the map.
-Capitals on Route 35, Austin is not included into it. Obviously the <bonus> tag must be extended to include the 4 option.
-Boston is not on Route 90, when the route starts (or ends) into that city.
-Route 20 has some unnecessary lines into the code, line 1496 and 1497 can be deleted
-Pennsylvania is +5 on the map but only +4 into the code
-Dyer is not part of Kentucky
-Tennessee is not listed anywhere as bonus inot the code
-Utah and washington are doubled into the code, lines from 1017 to 1040 can be deleted
Starting Positions & Neutrals
- -Annapolis is the only starting positions with 5 starting neutrals. Is it desired?
That's all!


text:
In looking through my data usage for the past month on T-Mobile, I am seeing very little usage from DSub, my client of choice to access my library on Madsonic / Linux Mint Maya. During this time I took a trip and used the app quite a lot from the road accessing LTE data.
Has any other T-Mobile USA customers noticed this, or am I seeing some kind of data measurement anomaly?
If T-Mobile is in fact treating streaming from Madsonic/Subsonic the same as Pandora and Rhapsody (no charge for bandwidth), this is a great thing.


text:
|2010-09-24, 00:32
|Link #1
Senior Member
Join Date: Dec 2005
Why do you watch K-ON ?
K-ON is described by many as seinen, targeted at men between the ages of 18 and 30. Yet from my personal observation, the fanbase belies this classification. My adolescent younger brother and cousins adore K-ON's believable depiction of teenage camaraderie. My college buddy watches it avidly for the cute characters and tasteful moe-ness. On Youtube, I see fangirls of a wide range of ages enthusiastically singing their own covers of memorable songs like "My love is a stapler." And I personally watch it for the sense of nostalgia and as a relaxing escape from the business of life.
Clearly, the target is much broader than the typical Seinen, and people of many different walks of life enjoy K-ON for their own reasons. This thread is to survey the demographic landscape of fans and get a glimpse of which kinds of people watch K-ON for which reasons. So post some information about yourself--age, gender, occupation, nationality--and then share why YOU watch or read K-ON.
I'm a Chinese-American male recent college graduate, currently working as a research associate in a bio lab. For me, K-ON is a kind of therapy--after a long day's of frustrating experiments, I can plop down on my chair and be carried away by the light adventures of Yui and her friends. I don't need anime with tons of in-your-face action or fanservice; what I love is heartfelt realism and relatable situations. It reminds me nostalgically of the days I spent in Japan during my study abroad. I loved the episode where they went to a rental studio, which looked exactly like the one I went to in Shibuya, complete with the mirror. Plus, I totally dig the feel-good upbeat music.
Last edited by Fome; 2010-10-02 at 19:07.
|2010-09-24, 08:03
|Link #2
Curiousity is a Virtue?
Join Date: Aug 2010
Location: Australia
Hm... Excellent question actually, i mainly watched k-on because it had a theme of music. From the first episode to the last, theres this sort of feeling that drags you in and cannot make u stop, in other words, wants you to watch more!!! It keeps you away from your busy daily lifestyle makimg you relaxed, heartwarming and happy=)
The music keeps you happy, very catchy and memorable,which fits my expectations in music lol from fuwa fuwa to tenshi furetayo, all the songs are special in their own way. To me they kinda relate to reality lol (not really but kinda).
Also because of the fun factor, it has the slice of life and comedy genre that gives you a good time watching it, you can even relate your own life to the main characters lol. I just love music and k-on brightened my life lol. Oh yea and it kinda makes me happy to be able to visit japan a couple yrs ago lol.
Btw this is the longest post ive ever written lol.
Btw im 14, male, chinese-indonesian as my nationality and a high school student =)
|2010-09-24, 08:37
|Link #3
Toji Affairs Secretary
Join Date: May 2009
Location: the Philippines
Actually, this series was a recommendation to me by my female friend. We marathoned Season 1 over at her place and it sorta left me wanting for more. I ended up following the franchise from the manga to Season 2, and I was also carried away by the emotions in Season 1 Episode 12 and Season 2's many emotional moments.
Maybe one reason why the end of Season 2 really hit me is because I wished that I had enjoyed high school the same way they did.
I, for one, did not experience the pleasant high school memories that students would carry through college. I was bullied by the same people who made my elementary life a rocky road, and even though the source of those bullying moments have left that school prematurely, it kinda stuck. Another is that I was betrayed by a friend for the first time in high school.
I know that it happens anywhere, from here in the Philippines to Japan (it's even worse there), but I can't help but feel jealous at Yui and the others for having such a nice time in high school.
But K-ON! isn't all a reminder of how my high school life sucks. It even gives me a smile, seeing their antics, and it makes college much less of hell.
I'm a native of the Philippines, currently 20, and a college student.
|2010-09-24, 08:47
|Link #4
Komrades of Kitamura Kou
Join Date: Jul 2004
Age: 34
This is why I watch K-On!
I'm a 25 year old Chinese-Filipino male, medical student.
|2010-09-24, 09:46
|Link #5
Senior Member
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Colorado
Age: 23
Why I watch K-on.... I actually mainly started it because of it's high school, slice-of-life factor to it. And the music was actually a bonus. I found it once on the internet, I think, and I thought Yui was cute so I wanted to see it. When I started watching it, I kept wanting to watch it on and on. And when Season 1 ended I felt a gnawing feeling, just cuz the season had ended.
Um.... The music definatly was a bonus for me. Since I like music, and the songs were better than I had expected. Very catchy and cute, Whenever I listen to them, I always smile and sing along.
The characters are easy to relate to, and they easily remind me of my freinds and me. As I watch it, It makes me hope that the remaining 3 years of High School are good like the girls'.
I'm also glad that it isn't in-your-face! fanserivce-y either. As a girl, I always felt a tad awkward with fanservice in the anime I watched.
But, Yeah. It never manages to not put a smile on my face, or not leave me hungry for more.
I'm a 15 year old female, White-Filipino American, and a High School 10th grader.
My longest post ever.....
|2010-09-24, 09:53
|Link #6
The Movie is Coming
Join Date: Feb 2008
Location: Unibesidad ng Komunistang Pilipino
I checked season 1 since CoalGuys was subbing it and it got a subforum here.
I didn't really think season 1 was anything special. It brought pretty good comedy and I liked the music but the annoying focus on Mio's fear of everything, Cat-ears Azusa, and molester Sawako really annoyed me. However, it did do a good job of making me like most of the characters, especially Yui, so it stuck. It was season 2 that really made appreciate this show, with slower pace, less focus on the fanservice, and the occasional well-placed thoughtfulness.
One thing cannot relate to is the though of separating with your friends in high school. A great thing about my high school is that we have a 90%+ pass rate for the best colleges in the country so I'm still with them even in college. I'm a male Filipino college junior taking a Physics degree.
|2010-09-24, 10:16
|Link #7
Smile, like HTT Girls
I cannot relate with the girls in Season Two - period. They were still more emotional in Season One, despite the fanservice.
I am a twenty year old Chinese male, currently studying in the Year Two of my college, Singapore. About to graduate, but still surprisingly cannot relate with the girls due to the poor plot development.
|2010-09-24, 10:46
|Link #9
Ahou ga
Join Date: Feb 2009
Age: 42
I watched the first season due to hype, and while I enjoyed it for what it was I was far from impressed.
I watched S2 for the heck of it since I reasonably enjoyed S1 and enjoyed it for being quite possibly the best, most pure example of slice-of-life I've ever watched.
I'm a 95-year old lesbian trapped in a man's body who flunked out of Kindergarten.
|2010-09-24, 11:01
|Link #10
VF-1X Original Test Pilot
Join Date: Jul 2010
Location: Garden Grove CA
I watch K-On! because it just puts me at ease. I've never been able to describe it, I'm just happy when i watch it, I've tried to explain it to my friends but have never been able to accurately describe it, it just makes me happy.
Vietnamese/American Male living in California, Age 30, IT Support Engineer.
|2010-09-24, 11:08
|Link #12
Obey the Darkly Cute ...
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: On the whole, I'd rather be in Kyoto ...
Age: 61
I initially wasn't impressed with K-On! - substantially because I thought it was going to be like the old tv series "The Monkees" and have a new music video every week. Well, over time they created enough music that I retracted that complaint (though more animated music video wouldn't be objected to). The series content itself was pretty standard "high school girl daily life comedy" so it wasn't until about 3/4 through the first season that the 'azumanga daioh' type vibes started up for me -- the chronicles of a group of friends, their bonding, and their time in high school together.
The series, especially in the second season, hits that end-of-the-day-exhausted-salaryman vibe very well: calming, sweet, amusing, nostalgic.
I know a LOT of people who enjoy the show with no demographic left untouched. Teenage/20-something women love it, adult males various ages, ... heck, my wife thinks it is funny/sweet and she's my age. I'm a '52 flavors' white male with a japanese-american wife - we're age 53, she's a pharmacist and I'm an engineer living in the Pacific Northwest US.
|2010-09-24, 11:10
|Link #13
Moe Master
Join Date: Jul 2008
Location: HTT FC
Age: 30
I watch it because I enjoy watching it very very very much ...
I guess I knew K-ON! from an announcement at a forum, and I decided to give it a try. After the first few eps, I also tried reading the manga ... And not before long, it became addicting
I think I have rewatced both K-ON! and K-ON!! 5 times at least ...
Btw, I'm a 21 Chinese-Indonesia, at my final year of my university study ...
|2010-09-24, 11:21
|Link #14
Join Date: May 2010
Location: Singapore
16, male, Chinese, Singaporean. I first started watching K-ON only weeks before the second season started airing. I was fairly intrigued by its immense popularity when the first season was still airing, but never actually bothered to check it out. But with the second season around the corner, I thought it would be a great time to marathon the first season to see what all the hype was about. I wasn't sure what to expect but being a fan of slice-of-life shows and "cute girls doing cute things" in general, I went into it with fairly high expectations and it exceeded them in every way possible. Season 2, being much better than Season 1 in my opinion, has also in the same way impressed me. As for why I continue to follow K-ON passionately, I think these two posters summed it up really nicely:
It also helps that the music is awesome.
|2010-09-24, 12:45
|Link #16
loves Marisa Kirisame.
I watched it for the wrong reasons...at first. I expected music, awesome instrument animation (since it is the same KyoAni who awed me with Haruhi), Beck-like approach, and...a slight bit of yuri (damn Lucky Star and their KonataxKagami shiptease).
After they mentioned Budokan, I was psyched, I was already imagining some awesome concert episode where they rock out and all that jazz, but I saw them drinking tea, lazing around, working part-time and cosplaying. Then I learned that it was adapted from a yonkoma and stopped expecting from there. I followed the manga, all the while thinking to myself; "Hey, this is fun! And KyoAni's doing a good job in being faithful to the source...their twist in things actually makes the show a lot more fun!". I spoiled myself rotten until I ran out of chapters to read (which only took half a day with a few intervals) and went on waiting for K-On! episodes every week, imagining and predicting how this and that will go for each episode. I found myself fascinated with how the girls managed to keep me tuned even in the most repetitive episodes--and that's when I realized that they grew on me to a point that I got used to expecting them weekly. At that point in time, I thought that maybe this show didn't really aim for great feats like the studio's previews works, but emphasized a very simple yet meaningful message to their viewers. I watched a girl grow up from being a directionless freshman to an aspiring musician and upperclassman who found something she loved--all thanks to music. I ended up staying for the lighthearted ride.
When season 2 was announced, I could only jump in joy and fist pump at the sky.
I was impressed through and through with how it went from then on. It also helped that I really liked Azusa (the Mugi focus, I also cherished). The show's characters had me really attached to them that I cried with them in their times of grief, I laughed with them when they were all having fun, I even ate cake and drank tea with them in their procrastinating periods. Watching them relaxed me greatly.
To put it simply, K-On gave me a nice experience, one that I know I will remember for a very long time.
I'm a 19 year old female majoring in Engineering, a native of the Philippines, and a long time anime/manga...errr, "otaku".
Last edited by TakuanInc.; 2010-11-19 at 17:36.
|2010-09-24, 13:25
|Link #17
Join Date: Nov 2007
20 year old male, 3rd year Chem Undergrad.
I watched the first season cause i was drawn in by the reference that htey made to DMC in the first episode.
I continue to watch and enjoy it cause it helps me get away from the reality of life and stop hating mankind for just 24 minutes every week.
|2010-09-24, 16:06
|Link #18
Obey the Darkly Cute ...
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: On the whole, I'd rather be in Kyoto ...
Age: 61
|2010-09-24, 16:40
|Link #20
Wordy b@stard
Join Date: May 2006
Location: Mid-Tejas
I watch it because its just plain fun, has believable cute characters, no big messy dramatic or overly comic love triangles and cool music. Its also something safe enough to watch with my kids, who are starting out as musicians themselves.
I'm drawn to shows by their art. If I don't like the art style, I don't care too much how awesome the story is. OTOH, if the art is great, as this is, I'll put up with a fair amount of floundering. Not that K-On flounders. It procrastinates sometimes, but always has a rudder even if the destination is foggy. It a nice simple and easy to watch and repeat series with amusing bits and no world domination plots or scene chewing going on. Like the Light Music Club itself, it's light and fluffy.
I'm a 47 yr old Caucasian Creative Director and dad of 4 who has been watching anime since I was a small kid and see no reason to stop. My boys like this little side hobby and it helps in my creativity.
|Thread Tools


text:
Tuesday afternoon in Auburn, Ala., they fell 17-4 to the Auburn Tigers of the Southeastern Conference at Plainsman Park.
The Tigers jumped out to a 10- 0 lead with four runs in the first inning, one each in the second and third and four more in the fourth.
In the sixth the Bisons broke the shutout with a pair of runs. Tyler Wilson led off with a single through the left side. Allen Bolden was then hit by a pitch. Justin Sanders doubled to left field to score both of them.
Sanders had two hits, both doubles, in the game. He has four doubles in the first four games this season.
Auburn added seven more runs with four in the sixth and three in the seventh.
However, the Bisons refused to go away quietly.
They added two more runs in the ninth inning. Logan Hostetler singled to the shortstop. James Tunnell entered the game as a pinch-hitter for Branden Cadavid.
Tunnell hit his first collegiate double down the left line to move Hostetler to third. Antonio Butler also hit his first collegiate double down the right field line to score Hostetler and Tunnell.
The Bisons had nine hits, five of them doubles. Tyler Wilson, batting in the lead-off spot, was a perfect 4-for-4 at the plate, including one of the doubles.
Auburn collected 15 hits against five Bisons pitchers.
Right-hander Charles Williams started the game. He lasted 2.2 innings, giving up eight hits and six runs, all earned. He struck out one and walked three.
Davey Hackett came on in relief and also lasted 2.2 innings. He gave up three hits and five runs, all earned. He struck out two and walked two.
Jordan Baron pitched one inning, allowing four hits and six runs, five earned. He also walked two batters. Jerry Young hurled two-thirds of an inning and did not give up a hit or a run. He walked one and struck out one.
Kyle Tognazzini closed out the game. He did not allow a hit or a run and struck out one in one inning.
The Bisons, 0-4, make their first home appearance of the season Saturday afternoon at noon when Bradley visits Ken Dugan Field at Stephen L. Marsh Stadium for a doubleheader. The two teams will play against Sunday at 1.
Auburn evened its record at 2-2.


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The images all have the stamp of the owner, but I have my doubts. You folks recognize anything? They're asking for an ad on HP, and I don't take ads from people who aren't displaying their own work.
The images all have the stamp of the owner, but I have my doubts. You folks recognize anything? They're asking for an ad on HP, and I don't take ads from people who aren't displaying their own work.
the one Riffat (109) is a straight gank, I know that background. I see Kiran, too.
I thought that was the case. I can usually recognize faux henna slinging like signatures on a forged check. HP copyright nazi says, "NO AD FOR YOU".
I like the HP nazi!
I saw the Riffat right away too, and Kiran as well. In fact, almost half of them I'm sure I've seen before, and I would be really surprised if the other half were hers either.
yeah, I sincerely doubt any of it is hers, but that one I knew 100% certain the origin of, so that was what I went with. HP AD Nazi - fair, but firmly no BS!!!!
If a person isn't showing their own work ... they are cheating their clients, and they have no respect for their colleagues.
Ad refused.
Expecting a butthurt reply in 3 ......... 2 ......... 1.........
ohhh, DO post any butthurt. PLEASE. I have a seriously wicked case of schadenfreude and I love to watch bawwwing.
Seriously...that's either HUGE cohones....or REAL stupidity.
I'd recognise Darcy's cushion and leather stool anywhere. In fact, in just about every collection of stolen images. Hers must be the most shared furniture on the internet!
oh yeah, lots of stolen stuff on there, i commented on a few of them
the stolen pics are all gone now, replaced with some of her own
Maybe not out and out theft, but I think its kinda dirty that her name is USAHennaDesigner on top of it all. Isn't Neeta HennaDesigner on flickr? Doesn't that just scream "I'm hoping people will mistake me for Neeta!?!?!"
there are lots and lots of "henna designers" and "mehndi designers" out there, Neeta is just one of them. There's no real footing one that one....
Well I wasn't planning to sue, lol, but I'm not a fan of intestinally deceitful business practices. That may or may not be one. I have my doubts it's a coincidence.
It makes me think of people who open twitter accounts with celebrity names and tweet ads all day. Sure it's not against the law, but I don't have to like it.
how about this one...I know it's one of you ladies' because it's in my pile of Hennapage practice designs.
It looks like someone else did the work but "forgot" to credit the pattern artist.
I was searching for sample images of booth design posters because I have to transition to poster displays at an upcoming festival-plus I am hoping it will curb the number of questions while I am working as I cant afford a booth babe yet. Any shares in that department would be great.
Its based on a design of Kim's
My first year out I had a high school girl who worked for tips and some on the job henna training. Worked out great for both of us. If you're lucky enough to find someone like that. Since then I've had my son help me with gigs where I could use an extra set of hands, but an extra artist isn't really warranted.
If I were you, I'd start a whole new thread on this topic so you get more ideas!
Hey everyone,
I'm new to this forum and pretty new to doing henna. Call me naive, but is the common opinion out there that it's taboo to use other designs as ideas and/or blatantly copy them at all, or just to credit them as your own? (which I agree is obviously wrong...)
I don't advertise 'original designs', but I don't credit anyone for every design either. I put the work I do on facebook sometimes and in my design book for people to get ideas from....mostly I browse the web for new ideas and 'looks' and in North Africa where i work I take pictures of friends who get cool henna and draw out the design for ideas to use...is this unacceptable in the henna world? or like i said, only if I try to say they are mine?
thoughts? sorry! I'm learning!
Let's talk about copyright and what can be called "original" or "mine" some more, please...
Well, there's a couple levels of "mine." First of all, for advertising your own abilities, its ok to show pictures of designs executed by you, but designed by someone else in many cases. Chances are good that you're not a xerox machine and you have added some of your own flair to the design, making it yours in a way. (Also, TDL design books specifically give permission to use the designs for handcrafting as long as your not mass producing stuff done with the designs. Read the copyright info. It helps a lot!.) It would not be OK to claim you created the original design, and it would be polite to site the artist and offer them a link in web advertising. That said, depending on the copyright of your sources this can get more complicated. For more information, read this: http://www.hennapage.com/henna/encyclopedia/copyright/.
OK, here's the simple part. If you created the design, executed the art, and took the photo, its yours. Period. If the art was designed by someone else, executed by you, and photographed by you... see above. If the art was designed by you, executed by you, and photographed by someone else, you need to talk it over with the photographer. If the design was executed by someone else, just don't put your name on it! If you had nothing to do with it and you just want to borrow it to advertise your services, you're really going to make people angry.
The simplest thing to do is use your own art and images.
Thanks for the clarification! What exactly does TDL stand for (as in TDL design books)? Also, if we are putting together a design book for clients/festivals, can we include the "free patterns" you find on some sites, or photos of other artists if you credit them? How about if someone comes to you with a photo they found online, and they want that design done? So many questions, just don't want to get sued or even worse, offend someone :)
Thanks so much! I think this is an important thing for any sort of artist to keep in mind.
The good artists all go through this "oh my God, am I doing this right?!?" phase, so score one for you! I did it too, but I'm the exception, lol. If a client brings you a pattern, do it. If you post a photo of your version of that pattern and you know whose it was, cite them in your caption, "my work, borrowed from/copied from/inspired by y" or "pattern by x" is reasonable. If you don't know the artist, say "my work, client request/unknown original artist/does anybody know whose this pattern is?" or something like.
Most design books will let you reproduce them as long as you leave the copyright intact, for use in creating body art, again, check the copyright statement. Those will often explain just what you can and can't do with each book, and they're not there for decoration. ;)
Honest mistakes happen. Honestly worrying about it is good. Honest oopsies will earn you a "hey, my pattern!" but not usually the really angry stuff. What drives a lot of us absolutely batty is when somebody just copies a photo of ours, removes the watermark if it's there, and then tries to claim it as their own work and ability. Then the thief gets all offended and tries to tell us "my webmaster did it, I didn't know!" or the hallowed "it's on the internet, I thought it was free!" Watermark and copyright your photos obnoxiously, it cuts down on theft and establishes whose it really is, and there's a handy tutorial right on this site to help you with that! Those shots take work and are hard to come by, especially the really nice ones everybody likes to steal!
TDL is TapDancing Lizard, Catherine's company.
Thanks so much! I guess if you're not sure, you can always ask the artist themselves. I would never try to claim someone else's work as my own, and if I accidentally copied someone, I would give them credit as soon as I found out.
OH yeah, TDL, makes sense :P
Thanks again for the clarification!
Okay, something else! Sometimes I see a pattern I like, but I don't like this flower, or that paisley, so if I take the design, print it out, white out the part I don't like, and replace it with something else, what would be the protocal for that? Keep the original designers stamp on it, and just write modified by? Or is this just a huge nono?
You don't mean to doctor the printed image and upload it again, right? You mean to do the design on someone else with your own adjustments? That's just fine, and it would be polite to make a note that the design was "inspired by..."
Actually, that is what I meant :S So I guess that means don't do it?
I'm w/Jen. See her post on #19, too. It seems you can't fail if you do the work and take the pictures. Then, those are YOURS. And a token, "Inspired by...[Miss Susie Q's Henna Designs for a Good Time]" are appreciated. I have a feeling I'll be including a lot of those.
I'd steer away from that, Nicole - chances are you wouldn't do it with a book or a magazine and try to claim it as your own. What you COULD do is actually execute the pattern in your own way, as you like it, take a photo and use the "pattern inspired by" or "modified pattern by" stuff. I'd be annoyed if someone took a picture of mine, pattern or body part, and just edited it here and there and then tried to claim it.
Makes sense, seems like a grey area. And for the record, I wouldn't try to say it was mine or anything. I think all of my questions are answered now, I feel a lot less nervous :)
:) you'll be fine. You're thinking in the right direction, so you're doing okay. Just consider your own feelings - if it doesn't feel right, ask before you do it. :) Questions before the fact are always happily answered!


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Calvin J. Lensink Endowment
Alumnus creates $650,000 wildlife program endowment
University of Alaska Fairbanks Chancellor Brian Rogers announced this week that a $650,000 gift from the estate of alumnus Calvin J. Lensink will provide support for graduate students and research focusing on wildlife management and ecology. The Lensink endowment is the largest private gift in the history of UAF's wildlife biology program.
"We are deeply grateful to Calvin Lensink and his family for investing in UAF's wildlife biology program," said Rogers. "This gift will help prepare generations of resource managers for Alaska and carry on Dr. Lensink's legacy of service and excellence in wildlife science."
Lensink's long and distinguished career in Alaska is especially notable for his involvement of university graduate students in his research. He epitomized the citizen-scholar, from his University of Alaska master's thesis on Alaska pine martens to his 30-year career with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Lensink's doctoral dissertation remains the most important record of the history of the Alaska sea otter population.
"Lensink was one of the first five students to graduate from the wildlife program at UAF and he continued his relationship with the wildlife program long after he graduated," said Perry Barboza, professor of wildlife biology and chairman of the UAF wildlife biology program. "The Lensink fund will support graduate student and postdoctoral scientist fellowships that will enable UAF to continue our tradition of educating many of Alaska and the world's wildlife managers."
One of Lensink's many lasting contributions to Alaska was his involvement in the birth of the state's National Wildlife Refuges. In 1971, while serving as manager of the Clarence Rhode National Wildlife Range in Alaska, he was assigned a six-week detail in Washington, D.C., where he provided Congress with expert information on identification, delineation and justification of areas of significance in Alaska. His knowledge and guidance helped identify what are today 76 million acres of National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska.
"Graduate students will use this gift to address some of the most vexing and problematic questions of wildlife management in Alaska and they will be working with Alaska resource agencies to develop innovative methods and management techniques," said Brian Barnes, professor of zoophysiology and director of the UAF Institute of Arctic Biology.


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Brach's Jelly Beans
4 Items
4 Items
There are few candies about which people are as opinionated as they are about Jelly Beans. Some people like them big, others prefer them small, some like exotic flavors such a Cappuccino and Mango, while others like tried and true flavors such as fruit, spiced and black licorice. Whatever side of the fence you sit on, you're likely to be immovable.
As Jelly Bean lovers, our differences are established, and the lines are clearly drawn. But one thing we can agree on is that a great, reliable brand can never be beat. Brach's Jelly Beans are the best, and with good reason. This company has been perfecting their recipes and using the same high-quality ingredients for over a hundred years!
We are proud to offer classic candy-jar staples such as Brach's Spiced Jelly Beans and Brach's Black Licorice Jelly Beans, as well as more elusive seasonal offerings like Jelly Bean Nougats. Best of all, you don't have to pack your house to the gills every Easter, as we sell Brach's Jelly Beans year round! They're even elligible for free shipping!
After all, where do you think the Easter Bunny shops during the off season?


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You know what I always say? "Always kill the mouthy one", that's what I always say.
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I cannot tell a lie. When I heard the news of the death of John Murtha (D-PA) after complications from gall bladder surgery, I did not have one moment of concern. Quite honestly, what did come to mind was Murtha's words describing his own constituents as "rednecks" during the 2008 presidential campaign.
"There's still folks that have a problem voting for someone because they are black. This whole area, years ago, was really redneck.–John Murtha
Comments like the one above are what made me despise the race baiting and sparring between the high brow liberal elites and so called "Joe Six Pack" common folk. If you initially refused to vote for Barack Obama , John Murtha and the Democrats were going to white guilt you all the way to your local polling station.
My second response to the death of Murtha involves his lack of respect for our troops fighting in the Iraq war. Listening to Mutha's hasty remarks in May 2006 branding a squad of Marines who stormed a house in Haditha, Iraq after a roadside bomb attack as "cold blooded killers" it was hard to believe that Murtha, a military veteran himself would utter such things before an official investigation was launched.
Still we mush honor the lives of the dead and I would like to included an interesting except from Vanity Fair magazine December 2006. A simple Proust questionnaire which shows the Murtha behind the controversial remarks. As we on the right wonder what will become of his vacant House seat, we can only be amused by such light hearted trivia before the ensuing political hailstorm.
What is your idea of perfect happiness?
Good health.
What is your greatest fear?
I fear for the future of our country because of the direction this administration is taking us in with the debacles in Iraq. We've lost our credibility around the world, and our young people are going to have to foot the bill for this war well into the future.
Which historical figure do you most identify with?
Teddy Roosevelt as president: "Speak softly and carry a big stick." Tip O'Neill as Speaker of the House: "All politics is local."
Which living person do you most admire?
The wounded troops I visit almost every week in the hospitals. These young veterans inspire me because of their immense courage, their dedication to their country, and the obstacles they overcome every day.
What is the trait you most deplore in yourself?
What is the trait you most deplore in others?
What is your favorite journey?
I've been all over the world during my 32 years in Congress, but my favorite trip is traveling back and forth from Washington to my district, in western Pennsylvania. I enjoy the solitude and peacefulness of the beautiful countryside. The real beauty of the trip comes during the fall months, when the leaves change their hues.
What do you consider the most overrated virtue?
Reticence: the unwillingness to speak out when you feel it's the right thing to do.
Which living person do you most despise?
I can't imagine taking the time to actually despise anyone.
Which words or phrases do you most overuse?
I say yes too often.
What is your greatest regret?
I have no regrets. I always look ahead.
When and where were you happiest?
I enjoy every day.
What is your current state of mind?
I love my job.
If you could change one thing about yourself, what would it be?
I'm comfortable with who I am. I try to use my God-given resources to the best of my ability every day.
What do you consider your greatest achievement?
Yet to come …
What is your most treasured possession?
I have several: the letters and memorabilia I've been given over the years by people I've helped, my great-grandfather's Civil War hat, two golf clubs President Clinton gave me on January 19, 2001—his very last day in office.
What is your most marked characteristic?
Early in my career, I used to sit by myself on the floor of the House to learn policies and procedures. Wilbur Mills, former chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, asked me why I was always by myself and what I was doing. When I told him, he gave me two pieces of advice that I've tried to live by and that I've become known for: specialize in one area, and always keep your word.
What is the quality you most like in a man?
Who are your favorite writers?
Leo Tolstoy, Winston Churchill, and David McCullough.
Who is your favorite hero of fiction?
Winston Churchill. He just couldn't have been real.
What is it that you most dislike?
Exploitation, mischaracterization, and weakness.
What is your motto?
"Live every day to the fullest."


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Playing tourist in our own backyard during this interminable winter is one way to beat the cabin fever blahs. It was also the perfect cover for my ruse to lure my husband to a surprise birthday dinner with his favorite loved ones.
The epic journey started with two hours of snow shoveling at home and wrapping up orders at the bookstore, but then finally got our day underway around 1 pm. I told the old man that I would have a bunch of surprise events all day long, nothing expensive, or wild like hot air balloon ride, so he wasn't too suspicious.
We started with lunch out at Casa Dominica (260 Central Avenue), which offered just the sort of soul-satisfying food that rewards a morning of snow drudgery. The restaurant is bright, clean, and welcoming. We didn't speak Spanish like most of the other patrons that day, but we warmly welcomed and then each item in a steaming hot lunch counter was explained to us, always a good thing when you must dine gluten-free. I had cautioned Dan that I had made dinner reservations to cap the day but both of us couldn't help ourselves as we nodded when the proprietor heaped our plates with pork chops, baked and stewed chicken, rice, sweet plantains and roast pork. The latter was particularly wonderful with a wonderful CRISPY crust, all served with a spicy garlic and cilantro sauce on the side.
Leftovers were cheerfully wrapped up (we knew spoilage was no problem in our refrigerated car) and the owner was most gracious to offer his tips about making the roast pork at home: 400 degrees F for three hours covered with foil and then uncovered for an hour more. Water should be added to the roasting pan and replenished as needed to keep it moist. We plan to be back again and again to try all the other tasty-sounding things on the menu (Alcapurrias (Stuffed Plantains), (Mofongo de Pollo (Mashed Plantains with Chicken), Majarete (Corn Custard). Two big thumbs up for Casa Dominica!
Then it was time to walk off some lunch. We headed over to the Historic Albany Foundation's Architectural Parts Warehouse (89 Lexington Avenue) and spent a great time perusing buckets of old doorknobs and porch spindles, bathroom fixtures in a range of styles and hues, tons of old doors and windows and some other intriguing bits of old buildings.
A lot of the most beautiful and unusual items already had SOLD stickers on them, including a magnificent, wall-sized wooden commercial ice box, circa 1910s-20s with great old brass fittings, an entire Victorian interior staircase with ornate carvings, and great chunks of old carved stone.
The Parts Warehouse also offers
but I settled for a kiss from my beloved near some buckets of stair parts.
Our next stop on the Albany Tour was going to be Dnipro Deli, a Russian-Eastern European market on Central Avenue in Colonie that I have shopped at and reported on before, but they were closed and I've since discovered that they have moved to yet another location in Latham. So, we redirected our efforts to checking out Parivar Spices and Food (1275 Central Avenue), where we had never shopped. We stocked up on a ten-pound bag of basmati rice, curry leaves, besan (chickpea flour), and some packaged snack mixes of roasted beans, chickpea "straws" and spices that we like to sprinkle on our curries and rice dishes. The produce selection is not as great as at the nearby India Bazaar, but the owners were helpful and friendly and noticed that I had picked out basmati sella (a yellowish parboiled short-grain rice product) instead of regular long-grain basmati, so I was pleased that they were looking out for me. There's also a cafe in back which we hope to return to in the future. We were there in mid-afternoon, so there were only a handful of folks knocking back the delicious-looking and -smelling plates of food, but it is apparently a local hot spot for Indian food.
The Asian Supermarket (1245 Central Avenue) was the next stop to replenish our supplies of fresh tofu, kimchee, peanut oil, various kinds of gluten-free noodles and other ingredients. Dan was super-psyched to find some gluten-free ramens and we always have fun perusing the massive selection of fruits and vegetables. They had pomelos as big as my head, squeaky fresh bags of snow peas, beautiful round Indian eggplants, and my favorite roasted seaweed snacks. We always buy a few new things, and the prices are so reasonable that it isn't a problem if we don't like them. I got a bottle of gluten-free dumpling sauce in hopes that Dan will whip up some of his great Thai veggie wraps soon and we will be trying to cook up a chayote and some yu choy soon in the Crispy Kitchen.
It was time to lure my husband out to dinner at New World Bistro (300 Delaware Avenue) where our surprise crew awaited. I had to kill some time by pretending I needed to use the restroom at a fast food joint and then insisting we stop at another store to stock up on the GF corn pasta that Dan really likes, so I was thinking fast on my feet. Our Chevy's dashboard lights are in an intermittent state these days too, so I couldn't keep tabs on the time there, so I had to keep surreptitiously flipping open my cell phone to monitor the countdown to surprise time. This is highly suspicious in my case, since I hate my cell phone--AKA pay-as-you-go electronic ankle monitor-- but Dan was oblivious to my actions and to the New World Bistro hostess who announced that our party of 8 was waiting at the bar when we checked in (Argh! This despite my instructions over the phone).
But it was all worth it to see my Dear One's face light up when he saw his buddies. We all had a grand time and enjoyed our meals (okay, my daughter didn't realize a garland of beet cubes would be draped over her scallops) and the cozy ambience and service. They also have an extensive gluten-free menu.
So here's to Staycations in Albany in mid-winter!