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Sunday, June 27, 2010
The Daring Bakers make chocolate pavlova!
33 comments:
- Marcellina said...
OMG your white chocolate and strawberry version looks absolutely amazing! Your dark choc mousse is beautifully smooth. I was not able to achieve this. Yours looks wonderful. Great piping and presentation!
- 27 June, 2010
- Jennifurla said...
Beautiful job!
- 27 June, 2010
- Audax said...
WOW you different versions look so professional and your piping skills are superb they all look so beautiful but the 3rd photograph really caught my eye. You have a high level of baking skill. Cheers from Audax in Sydney Australia.
- 27 June, 2010
- Maranda said...
Oh my! I love all the different variations of this dessert you came up with! Yummy!!! Great job on the challenge!
- 27 June, 2010
- Linda V said...
Oh they all look soooo pretty. I adore the white meringue offset with the chocolate mouse and cherries it is so striking.
- 27 June, 2010
- Cherine said...
Looks wonderful!
- 27 June, 2010
- Katie said...
I love your piped meringues! Your piping skills are seriously superior. Well done!
- 27 June, 2010
- Aparna said...
All your versions look so good. I also made plain meringues and had fun piping out the mousse. :)
- 27 June, 2010
- poonam,,, said...
Your pav looks so pretty!! I love the way you piped the mousse :)
- 27 June, 2010
- Esther said...
They all look fabulous but i love the idea of blackberry curd ones ! i'm planning to make more curds this year cos I love them.
- 27 June, 2010
All 3 versions look incredibly delicious! Beautiful work!
- 27 June, 2010
- chef_d said...
Beautiful pavlovas! I can't decide which one I like best...the first one is stunning, I love the piping you did there...But the other two are equally beautiful :)
- 27 June, 2010
- Valérie said...
Such pretty presentation! I love it! I missed the discussion on whether pavlova meringue should be crisp or not... personally I like it crisp. Anyway, congratulations on a great challenge!
- 27 June, 2010
- Laurie @simplyscratch said...
I'll take one of each please!! Mary these look great!
- 27 June, 2010
- sadaf said...
looks so delicious really i like the way as you present simple but elegant
- 27 June, 2010
- Natalie... said...
Ohhh wow all of your pavlovas look so good!! Theyre making me want to make this challenge again! Yummm hehe!!
- 27 June, 2010
- tease-spoon of sugar said...
I agree, your piping skills look professional. Beautiful pictures! Mouthwatering.
- 27 June, 2010
- Marcellina said...
Mary, thanks for your kind comments! I just thought I'd mention that I use Marsala a lot - a spoonful or two in a boiled custard is delicious, veal marsala, or dipped savoiardi in half marsala and half evaporated milk and layer with whipped cream like a easy tiramisu.
- 27 June, 2010
- Ruth H. said...
That chocolate creme mouse looks so yummy... I love the creativity, and that you used what you had (I know, from other extremely amazing creations, but still, what you had!) to make even more awesome combinations! Great job on this challenge!
- 27 June, 2010
- Dragon said...
Stunning! Great job with this month's challenge.
- 27 June, 2010
- Lizounette said...
how pretty! it even looks like your piped mousse/meringue was braided. lovely!
- 27 June, 2010
- Chef Dennis said...
WOW...simply amazing works of art!
your pavlovas go above and beyond the challenge....I am in Awe!!!
- 27 June, 2010
Your pictures really pop out! I like the vanilla chocolate combo. I found the chocolate chocolate version a little too rich. Good piping skills
- 28 June, 2010
- Mimi said...
The pipping work is so elegant.this was a fun challenge.
- 28 June, 2010
- Sirius73 said...
The braiding-piping looks amazing! I'm far too clumsy to achieve anything like that... And your mousse looks creamy and delicious. Your challenge turned out great :-)
- 28 June, 2010
- Valerie said...
Beautiful presentation, Mary! I love the idea of a vanilla meringue instead of chocolat. Not only does it look better, but the 2flavours get along so beautifully.
Nice work!
- 28 June, 2010
- Renata said...
All your textures are SO PERFECT! Love the braided design. The fruit versions look really yummy! WOW!
- 28 June, 2010
Your pavlova look stunning! I want to eat them all...
- 29 June, 2010
- Marty said...
No doubt it was delicious! I'm just wondering how you kept it crisp for your picnic. Mine turned to mush after a while. Great job!
- 29 June, 2010
Your completed challenges always look so good. Very pretty, and I'm sure they tasted amazing!
- 29 June, 2010
- Lisa said...
Mary, when i saw both your pavlovas in the DK forum, I was blown away. Your piping of the meringue and mousse is gorgeous, and the straweberry-white chocolate mousse pavlova with strawberry coulis is mouth watering!! Beautiful photos too!
- 30 June, 2010
- Leslie said...
How gorgeous they all are! Just stunning!
- 30 June, 2010
- Sweet and Savory said...
These are so beautiful. I have to make one for another baking group and I had not thought of chocolate but....... thanks for that thought.
- 27 July, 2010


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Brazil Hotels
Find a place to stay
Top cities in Brazil
Most Popular Accommodation Types in Brazil
Hotels in Brazil
Brazil is the largest country in South America, taking up almost half the continent, as well as being the fifth largest country in the world. To the north, the iconic Amazon basin dominates much of the landscape. In 1500, what is now Brazil was colonized by the Portuguese, and became a major exporter of sugarcane back to Europe shortly after. Brazil has many major towns and cities, most of which retain traces of their colonial past. Today, Brazil is a thriving and modern country with plenty of festivals and attractions to appeal to almost anyone. Finding your ideal hotel in Brazil can be a difficult task, especially when there are thousands of hotels to choose from. With Hotels.com, you can find the hotel suited to your budget and expectations with the help of thousands of user submitted reviews and photo galleries.
What's Brazil Like?
No matter which town or city you visit in Brazil, there are sure to be plenty of historical and cultural attractions, with plenty of shopping, bars, and restaurants. The popular city of Rio de Janeiro contains some of the most iconic landmarks, such as the huge Cristo Redentor (Christ the Redeemer) statue overlooking the city, the hikers paradise of Pedra da Gavea, and the Petropolis old town, former seat of the Brazilian Emperor, and now a museum. The capital city of Brasília is still young, having only been founded in 1960, yet is home to several malls such as Brasilia Shopping, Shopping Iguatemi, and Parkshopping. For afternoon walks and picnics, you can enjoy parks and gardens such as Parque da Cidade (City Park), Chapada Imperial natural reserve, and Parque Ecologico Dom Bosco (Ecological Park Don Bosco).
Tips for Getting Along with Locals in Brazil
The climate in Brazil differs greatly depending upon the area, and there are said to be five different climate types throughout the country. Summer lasts from December to March, and temperatures can vary from 25°C in the north, to 28°C in the south. Many of the larger cities in Brazil are popular with tourists, and as a result can attract plenty of pick pockets, so ensure that you properly secure your bags and pockets, and if possible, keep your bags fixed to your front. Although many Brazilians speak English, getting around the cities as well as communicating with the locals will go much smoother if you carry around a Portuguese pocket phrase book. Be sure to check the Hotels.com website before you travel, and you can enjoy a virtual tour of the area around your hotel.
Brazil travel guides
48 hours in Rio de Janeiro - see the sights of Brazil's busy heart in a weekend
Rio de Janeiro is enormous and one of the liveliest cities in the world. It's no mean feat to squeeze...
Sao Paulo – where to stay in the city
Accommodation in this diverse and multicultural city is as varied and as different as the people that...
A Sao Paulo shopping guide – where to shop in the city
In Sao Paulo, huge western shopping malls are known as 'shoppings' to the locals and the rest of Brazil....
Where to eat in Sao Paulo – a food and dining guide
The diversity of Sao Paulo is obvious in its cuisine and the many different eateries it has, making...
Sao Paulo – a guide of what to see and do in the city
As the largest city within the huge country of Brazil, there is certainly no shortage of sights and...

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About FERC Directory of Judges
Judge Steven A. Glazer
Judge Steven A. Glazer is a graduate of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (B.S. in Economics and B.S. in Civil Engineering, 1974) and New York University School of Law (J.D. 1977). He began his career as an attorney for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Hearings and Appeals and thereafter engaged in private practice in several fields, including energy law, communications, real estate law, antitrust law and litigation.
Prior to his judicial appointment, Judge Glazer served in the U.S. International Trade Commission from 1991 through 2005 as a Staff Attorney with the Office of Unfair Import Investigations and as an Attorney-Advisor with the Office of Administrative Law Judges and Dispute Resolution. At the U.S.I.T.C., he specialized in intellectual property litigation, with a focus on patents and trademarks, in unfair import proceedings before Administrative Law Judges pursuant to Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930. Judge Glazer is registered as a patent attorney with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
In 2005, Judge Glazer was first appointed as a Supervisory Administrative Law Judge for the Office of Medicare Hearings and Appeals of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. He became an Administrative Law Judge for the Commission in September 2006.
Judge Glazer is a past President of the Federal Administrative Law Judges Conference, a professional association for the administrative law judiciary. He has also served as an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law.


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Even the littlest dogs dream of going to space, and in SoftBank's commercial series, one actually does. The spacesuited pooch encounters some strange things while floating in the void of space, including mysterious bowls of ramen and Santa Claus.
Hokkaido dog Otosan ("Father") is the mascot of telecom company SoftBank, and in these commercials, he plays the head of the otherwise human Shirato family. One night, while gazing up into the stars, Otosan hears real-life astronaut Satoshi Furukawa ask him if he wants to go to space. Naturally, he does, and soon he's wearing a spacesuit with a special section for his tail.
The commercials are in Japanese, and YouTube's translation captions are iffy at best, but even in another language, they're bound to add a some strange happiness to your weekend. If anyone does speak Japanese, though, I'd love to know what Otosan's family is saying while he's away, and what the deal is with the flying ramen bowls.
[via The Uniblog]


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Matt.battaglia needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 86 designs submitted by 19 freelance designers.
The Mint Jubilee
We're a celebrity driven charity event that takes place annually at The Kentucky Derby and we raise money for cancer patients. We have been televised around the world and get millions of viewers every year so this logo will be seen on a very, very broad level.
We're looking to rebrand out logo. Name has to stay the same. We like the concept of the mint leaf being involved with the logo but open to alternative and fresh ideas.
Visit our website at http://www.mintjubilee.org and look at our current logo.
All creative submissions need to be on a white background.
25 - 65 years old, above middle income
All creative submissions need to be on a white background.
The logo needs to be such that it will show up easily as a logo on the backdrop of a red carpet arrivals (also known as a step and repeat).
We don't want anything that has a horse in it.
Needs to be simple so the logo reads very easily in print publications -- but we deal with some premium type sponsor brands and we want our name and logo to look like a premium brand (such as Cartier, or Piaget). If you didn't know these two brands and their product lines -- the font chosen for their logo speaks volumes as to the quality of their product. We'd like the same effect.
Here are a few other Logo media related uses:
- Video
- Transformed to animation for Video (we build on our end)
- to be incorporated into Event Specific Graphics such as: Invitations, Credentials, Tickets
- Billboards
- Step & Repeat Banner
- Event specific premiums,branding, T-shirts, Etched on Glasses, Trophy
-To be used in live on stage event media ie: LED screens & Plasma screens
- Social Media (smart phone Apps)
- Web site
- Outdoor Billboards
- Print Media
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Sleep problems in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are reportedly common but not well characterized. Objectives were to: (1) assess sleep concerns in children with FASD using a caregiver-report survey, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ); (2) compare CSHQ results with those of previously reported community sample; and (3) describe pilot polysomnography findings in children with FASD.
Children with FASD were recruited from a behavioral intervention study, and participating caregivers completed the CSHQ. CSHQ results were compared with the original data from a previously published community sample of similar age. Participants with FASD and elevated CSHQ scores were offered overnight polysomnography.
Thirty-three children with FASD (4.1-12.1 years) were enrolled; 85% of children with FASD scored above the clinical cutoff Total Score of 41, reflecting marked sleep disturbance. Elevated subdomain scores occurred primarily in areas concerning for pediatric insomnia. Those with comorbid ADHD had elevated CSHQ on additional subdomains with no difference in Total Scores. Compared with the community sample, children with FASD had higher Total Scores on the CSHQ (52 vs. 39, p < 0.001). Polysomnography, completed in 5 subjects, revealed mild sleep disordered breathing and fragmented sleep with elevated non-respiratory arousal indices.
Clinically significant sleep problems are present in children with FASD on both subjective and objective measures. Further investigation is needed to better describe these sleep disturbances and their impact on overall health and daytime neurobehavioral problems in this clinical population.
Chen ML; Olson HC; Picciano JF; Starr JR; Owens J. Sleep problems in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. J Clin Sleep Med 2012;8(4):421-429.
Sleep problems are reported to be common among children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), yet these sleep problems have not been well described in epidemiological studies.1–3 FASD are characterized by lifelong neurodevelopmental disabilities arising from maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy.4,5 Recent data suggest that FASD can be identified in approximately 2% to 5% of younger school children in the U.S., making FASD a common public health problem.6 Individuals with FASD experience increased prevalence of problems with attention deficits, hyperactivity, and psychiatric conditions,1–8 leading to compromised daily function,8 caregiver and family function,9 and incurring high societal costs.10
Sleep integrity is crucial to the developmental process in children, and data suggest that disrupted sleep is associated with a wide range of health and behavioral problems in typically developing children, including poor school performance, neurocognitive deficits, daytime hyperactivity and inattention, mood instability, decreased growth, metabolic alterations, and cardiovascular sequelae.11–13 Treatment of the underlying sleep disorder leads to improvement or resolution of the clinical problem, suggesting a causal role.13,14
Importantly, this association is not limited to typically developing children. Multiple studies have found that both the prevalence and severity of sleep problems in children with underlying neurodevelopmental disorders are significantly higher, and appear to have a profound impact on daytime functioning of the child and family. In autism spectrum disorders, children characterized as "poor sleepers" have worsened scores on subjective caregiver questionnaires related to pediatric insomnia, supported by altered sleep architecture on formal sleep study.15 In attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which is a common comorbid diagnosis in those with FASD,16 sleep problems have been widely documented, including elevated rates of insomnia, periodic limb movement disorder, sleep disordered breathing, and increased daytime sleepiness on multiple sleep latency tests compared to controls.17 Improvement or resolution of ADHD symptoms with treatment of insomnia or other underlying sleep disorder has been reported.13,18
Current Knowledge/Study Rationale: Sleep problems in children with FASD, a common condition, are reportedly prevalent and clinically problematic, but not well described. Systematic characterization of these sleep problems is needed to better approach assessment and treatment of sleep disturbances in this challenging population.
Study Impact: Given findings of highly prevalent pediatric insomnia, and pilot findings of mild sleep disordered breathing and sleep fragmentation, care of children with FASD (who may diagnostically overlap with non-teratogenic ADHD) should include a clinical sleep health assessment and low threshold for polysomnography. Identification and treatment of sleep problems in those with FASD may lead to improvements in problematic daytime function.
Despite the demonstrated link between sleep problems and daytime difficulties in typically developing and other clinical populations, few studies have directly addressed sleep problems in those with FASD.19 Only one study has been published performing multidimensional assessment of sleep and daytime problems in FASD using standardized measures. Indeed, higher rates of both sleep and sensory problems were found in those with FASD compared to controls in that study.19 However, these findings need to be replicated in other cohorts. Many of the health, behavioral, and neurocognitive manifestations of pediatric sleep disturbance are conditions that are also known to be common problems among those with FASD.1,3,7 If a connection between sleep problems and daytime function can be established in FASD through further studies, proven effective treatments for these sleep disorders could be implemented in children with FASD. Such treatments could provide lifelong benefit for children with FASD, including reduction of health care and societal costs.20
The primary goal of this research was to begin building a comprehensive profile of sleep problems in this remarkably prevalent, but under recognized clinical population of children with FASD. Thus, study aims were as follows: (1) to systematically describe parent-reported sleep habits in a representative group of children with FASD by using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ); (2) to compare these results to CSHQ results from a previously described community sample21; and (3) to obtain pilot and feasibility data from polysomnography (PSG) sleep assessment within a subgroup of the children with FASD. The authors hypothesized that children with FASD would show a higher rate of clinically concerning sleep problems on the CSHQ, compared with profiles of a typically developing community sample.
Thirty-three children were recruited from 34 participants enrolled in a behavioral intervention research study or related intervention training study in 2007. All participants enrolled in this subject pool were diagnosed with conditions within the umbrella category of FASD. All 34 families agreed to be enrolled, but one participant did not complete a sleep questionnaire and was therefore ineligible for the current descriptive study. All children in the subject pool were seen by an interdisciplinary team within the Washington State Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Diagnostic and Prevention Network (FAS DPN), and received a formal diagnosis on the fetal alcohol spectrum. Of the 33 participants, 88% had clinically significant externalizing behavior or attention problems on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), which are common difficulties among children with FASD.7 Eligibility for the current study included a diagnosis on the fetal alcohol spectrum with confirmed alcohol exposure based on the clinically reproducible 4-Digit Diagnostic Code4 (see below); registration in a clinical database of a statewide network of FASD diagnostic clinics; residence in a designated geographic catchment area in Washington State; aged 4 to 12 years at time of enrollment; and residence with the current caregiver for ≥ 4 months at enrollment with caregiver intent of maintaining that placement for at least the next 1.5 years to maximize retention in the larger behavioral intervention study.
Exclusion criteria for the larger study included other birth defect syndromes; known seizure disorder requiring daily medications; IQ < 55; diagnosed thought disorder; very serious conduct problems (e.g., fire-setting); and current primary caregivers with alcohol abuse. Potential participants for both studies were not recruited based on any pre-study sleep assessments. Research was approved by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB) of the Seattle Children's Research Institute and Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, with further approval for comparison with de-identified community control data.
The 4-Digit Code is a standardized method for characterizing conditions across the fetal alcohol spectrum by using 4-point Likert scales to characterize 4 primary categories of definitional criteria.4 Higher scores indicate features in each category that are more similar to their classic representation in full FAS. These 4 categories include: (1) growth deficiency; (2) characteristic facial features; (3) central nervous system damage or dysfunction; and (4) level of prenatal alcohol exposure. Code combinations are collected into broader diagnostic categories, such as FAS or partial FAS. Non-FAS conditions seen in this study on the wider spectrum are grouped together as "static encephalopathy, alcohol-exposed" and "neurobehavioral disorder, alcohol-exposed" which other diagnostic systems may categorize as "alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders."
Because participants with FASD were recruited from a behavioral intervention study, care was taken to ascertain whether this sample of participants reflected the larger FASD population. Demographics, behavior profiles on the CBCL, comorbid ADHD diagnoses and diagnoses on the fetal alcohol spectrum were compared between this sample and the much larger Washington State FASD clinical database.
As part of a separate, already concluded study, comparison data were drawn from a large community sample (n = 418) of typically developing children, aged 4-11 years, enrolled in any of 3 public elementary schools during the 1997-98 academic year.21 Sample characteristics and study methods for this community sample have been fully reported elsewhere,21 though original data on individuals were used for this study's analyses. The community sample study was conducted to validate the CSHQ, so data were used in the current study only for descriptive comparison. The original community sample research project was approved by the IRB of Lifespan Hospitals, with further approval for current comparison to participants with FASD.
Demographic information included children's age, caregiver report of race/ethnicity, and gender. Family characteristics included measures of socioeconomic status (SES) based upon the Hollingshead Index22 and family structure (e.g., whether there was a father in household). Information on chronic medical conditions and medications was obtained via parent report as medical records were not consistently available. For participants with FASD, diagnostic category on the fetal alcohol spectrum was ascertained from clinical records.
Children's sleep habits were subjectively assessed by using the CSHQ, a validated 33-item caregiver questionnaire. The CSHQ includes key sleep domains grouped into 8 subscales: (1) Bedtime Resistance; (2) Sleep Onset Delay; (3) Sleep Duration; (4) Sleep Anxiety; (5) Night Wakings; (6) Parasomnias; (7) Sleep Disordered Breathing; and (8) Daytime Sleepiness. Most CSHQ items are rated on a 3-point scale ranging from "usually" (5 to 7 times/week) to "sometimes" (2 to 4 times/week) to "rarely" (0 to 1 time/week). Two questions about daytime sleepiness are rated on a 3-point scale of "not sleepy," "very sleepy," or "falls asleep." Excluding 2 items that were included in multiple subscales, the subscale inter-correlations for the community control group were r = 0.19. The Total Score sums all 33 items, and higher values indicate more disturbed sleep. A Total Score ≥ 41 has a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 72% for differentiating between groups of children with and without sleep disorders diagnosed by a sleep medicine specialist.21
Referral for a sleep medicine consultation and PSG was offered to participants with FASD whose CSHQ scores exceeded the clinical cutoff (≥ 41). Consent was obtained to review medical records, including the sleep evaluation and PSG findings. Sleep medicine consultation and PSG were arranged by families (not study personnel), and not all families chose to pursue this evaluation.
Each PSG lasted ≥ 6 h and was performed in an accredited pediatric-specific sleep laboratory setting, which included a private darkened room free of distraction with a parent or guardian present. The following physiologic parameters were monitored: electroencephalogram, electro-oculogram, submental and anterior tibialis electromyograms, electrocardiogram, oronasal airflow measured by thermistor and pressure transducer, expired end-tidal carbon dioxide, oxygen saturation via pulse oximeter, and thoracic and abdominal movement. All data were recorded into a computer-based acquisition and analysis program (Rembrandt, Buffalo, NY), scored by one certified technician, and interpreted by a board certified sleep medicine physician in accordance with American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) guidelines.23
Sleep architecture, including sleep stages, cortical arousals, awakenings, limb movements, and arousal indices were assessed by standard techniques.23 Respiratory disturbances were defined as follows: (1) Obstructive apnea: ≥ 80% reduction in airflow for 2 respiratory cycles in the presence of continued thoracic/abdominal effort; (2) Hypopnea: 30% to 79% reduction in airflow for 2 respiratory cycles, accompanied by an EEG cortical arousal, awakening, and/or ≥ 3% oxygen desaturation; (3) Central apnea: ≥ 80% reduction in airflow with no respiratory effort, lasting ≥ 2 respiratory cycles, and accompanied by an EEG arousal, awakening, and/or ≥ 3% oxygen desaturation. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was defined as the total number of respiratory disturbances averaged per hour of total sleep time, and further divided into those caused by obstructive apneas/hypopneas and those caused by central apneas.
Both attendant technician and interpreting physician were blinded to the CSHQ score and any involvement in an FASD intervention study, but given the clinical setting and behavioral considerations of the participants, could not be blinded to an underlying diagnosis of FASD in order to optimize patient safety and likelihood of successful data acquisition.
For this exploratory study, descriptive statistics are reported using mean ± standard deviation (SD) for normally distributed parameters or median with interquartile range (IQR) for those with skewed distributions. Because the fundamental aims focused on the CSHQ scores, formal comparisons were run only on CSHQ scores between the study and community sample groups for which raw data were available. Comparisons were carried out by using unpaired t-tests with 2-sided p-values and significance set at p < 0.05. Correction for multiple comparisons was not used in this exploratory study. Age, gender, SES, family structure, and presence of ADHD or other medical problems were found to vary by participant group, but none were found to correlate with CSHQ Total Score, so statistical adjustments for these factors were not performed in this pilot study. Preliminary evaluation for associations between and within CSHQ scores and markers of FASD severity was accomplished by using linear regression. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata, version 10 (College Station, TX).
For descriptive purposes, the group with FASD was further divided into those with and without caregiver report of ADHD for further descriptive comparison. Group characteristics of the community sample and larger Washington State FASD sample are provided for the reader's reference but were not statistically compared with this study's participants, given methodologic differences in original data collection.
Given the small number of children with PSG data, we report PSG parameters only as descriptive statistics, with published normative data from 388 typically developing children with a mean age of 6.8 ± 0.48 years (range 6.0-8.6 years) provided for reference.24
Within the group with FASD, mean age was 7.5 ± 2.2 years, with a slight predominance of males (Table 1). Fifty-eight percent were in adoptive families and 12% in foster families, while 18% of participants were living with one or both birth parents. This was an ethnically diverse sample, with 61% reported as Caucasian/White, 9% African American, 6% Hispanic, 6% Native American, and 18% reported to be "mixed race." Two participants had diagnoses consistent with the full FAS (6%), 3 with partial FAS (9%), 7 with "static encephalopathy/alcohol-exposed" (21%), and the remaining 64% with "neurobehavioral disorder/alcohol-exposed." When compared to the community sample, the group with FASD was of similar age but had more males, less paternal presence in the household, and lower mean SES (Table 1).
Group demographics and medical problems
(more ...)
The study group with FASD had higher rates of caregiver-reported ADHD when compared with the community sample, in which children who were taking psychostimulant medications (presumably for ADHD) were excluded for purposes of the original CSHQ validation study design (Table 1).21
The current study's FASD group is broadly representative of those found in the FAS DPN clinical database, which at the time of study enrollment included 1729 patients enrolled from 1993–2005.25,26 Sixty-one percent of the FAS DPN patients fell into the 4- to 12-year age range. Demographic, behavioral, and diagnostic characteristics of both the study and larger FAS DPN groups are similar, indicating that the current study cohort is reasonably representative of the larger WA State FASD database (Table 2).
Representativeness of FASD sample
Caregivers of children with FASD reported higher levels of sleep complaints, with a mean Total Score of 51.7 ± 11.0 compared with 38.8 ± 5.6 among the community sample (p < 0.001) (Table 3). This pattern was consistent across all 8 subdomain scores, though the differences in sleep disordered breathing were smaller with more variability in scores. In addition, 85% of children with FASD attained a Total Score above the clinical cutoff of 41 for sleep dysfunction compared with only 30% of the community sample (p < 0.001). While age, gender, SES, family structure, and presence of ADHD and presence of other chronic medical conditions were found to vary by participant group, none of these factors were found to correlate with CSHQ Total Score (data not shown). Despite an average of an hour less sleep at night in the FASD group (Table 3), both groups showed age-appropriate absence of habitual daytime napping (data not shown).
Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) findings
Among those with FASD, CSHQ Total Scores did not vary greatly by presence or absence of ADHD, ascertained by parental report (Table 4). However, children with comorbid ADHD scored slightly higher on the following subscales: Sleep Duration, Sleep Disordered Breathing, and Daytime Sleepiness. A notably higher percentage of those with comorbid ADHD scored above the cutoff score of 41. In addition, caregivers of children with ADHD reported nearly an hour less sleep per night than those without ADHD.
CSHQ findings by ADHD categorya among children with FASD
All participants with full FAS or partial FAS (n = 5) attained CSHQ Total Scores above the clinical cutoff of 41. In this relatively small sample, no associations emerged between the CSHQ Total Score and components of FASD diagnosis based on the 4-Digit Code reflecting: (1) growth deficiency (2) facial dysmorphology; (3) central nervous system dysfunction; and (4) level of prenatal alcohol exposure (data not shown).
All 28 children with FASD who had an elevated CSHQ Total Score were referred for a sleep medicine consultation. Ultimately, a sleep medicine evaluation and PSG were completed by 5 children (18%) with an elevated CSHQ Total Score (range: 46-72) (Table 5). Given the small sample size, these data are considered exploratory.
Polysomnography (PSG) findings
Median age of the 5 children with FASD at time of PSG assessment was 7.5 years (IQR: 6.3, 7.5), and 60% were male (Table 5). All 5 children had a caregiver-reported diagnosis of ADHD. There was a 14.3 ± 8.6 month mean time lapse between CSHQ and PSG, as sleep medicine consultations and PSG occurred based on family and clinical availability. All children tolerated PSG set-up and acquisition.
There were no overt group differences between the 5 children and published normative values in sleep stage distribution, although ranges varied widely. Fragmented sleep, defined as an elevated total arousal index, was seen among the 5 children with FASD. Median total arousal index was 11.1/h (IQR: 10, 16), and all children with FASD had higher than control group mean values. Respiratory arousal index correlated directly with severity of respiratory disturbances as measured by AHI (estimated slope = 0.74 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.6–0.9). Total arousal index was only moderately associated with AHI (estimated slope = 0.5, 95% CI: −1.1 to 2.1). Thus, not all arousals were directly associated with respiratory disturbances.
The median overall AHI was 2.8/h (IQR: 2.2, 4.0), higher than 2 SD above the reported mean AHI in control data. Elevation of AHI in the children with FASD primarily arose from obstructive apneic and hypopneic events, and not central events. All participants with FASD had very mild snoring during PSG. Mean end-tidal CO2 levels were 45.2 ± 3.5 mm Hg, higher than the reported control group mean of 40.7 ± 4.5 mm Hg. Similar to sleep architecture measures, respiratory parameters showed a wide range of distributions.
Periodic limb movements occurred with similar frequency to published control data.
No clinical or electroencephalographic seizures were identified among the children with FASD.
Of the 5 children with FASD who underwent PSG, 3 were receiving a single medication and one was receiving multiple medications at the time of study; only one child was medication-free. A medication "washout" was refused by all the caregivers for this clinical evaluation. Families were concerned about the impact of a medication washout on child and family function. Medications were prescribed by non-sleep medicine specialists with the aims of decreasing daytime hyperactivity (amphetamine and non-amphetamine based stimulants), stabilizing mood (valproic acid, buspirone), and/or assisting with sleep initiation/maintenance (clonidine, melatonin) per caregiver report. All medications used are known to affect sleep architecture but not thought to significantly alter respiratory parameters during sleep.27
Overall prevalence of sleep abnormalities was high among children with FASD, with ~85% scoring above a CSHQ cutoff for clinically significant sleep disorders. The elevation in average CSHQ Total Score for children with FASD was driven primarily by increased scores in subdomains related to the initiation and maintenance of sleep, best described as pediatric insomnia. Furthermore, within the FASD group, those with comorbid ADHD had further increased subdomain scores for Sleep Duration, Sleep Disordered Breathing, and Daytime Sleepiness compared with those without caregiver-reported ADHD, and they were also more likely to score above the Total Score threshold of 41 although mean Total Scores were not remarkably different. Exploratory PSG findings within a subset of these children with FASD aged 5 to 7 years, at a point in development when sleep should typically be at its most consolidated, demonstrate sleep disturbances best described as mild sleep disordered breathing primarily due to obstructive disturbances and hypoventilation, and fragmented sleep with slightly elevated arousal indices.
The results of the current study support prior clinical reports of elevated rates of erratically described "sleep problems" or "sleep disorders" among children with FASD in the range of 50% to 62% within heterogeneous clinical samples of children and adolescents diagnosed with FASD, ascertained using different diagnostic systems.1–3 In addition, this study augments the findings of a very recent systematic study focused on preschoolers,19 which also uses the validated CSHQ allowing us to directly compare results across groups. The current study expands the age range studied in FASD and adds exploratory data on objective polysomnography to characterize physiologic occurrences during what is reported to be very disturbed sleep in this population.
Reports of shortened sleep duration and frequent night wakings in children with FASD may be manifestations of SDB, other primary neurologic sequelae associated with in utero alcohol exposure, or comorbid neuropsychiatric disturbances. In this study, children with FASD scored higher on subdomains involving sleep onset (Bedtime Resistance, Sleep Onset Delay, Sleep Anxiety) and sleep maintenance (Sleep Duration, Night Wakings, Parasomnias). Except for the parasomnia category, this distribution of subjective complaints fits within a larger diagnostic category of pediatric insomnia, defined by a recent consensus statement as "repeated difficulty with sleep initiation, duration, consolidation, or quality that occurs despite age-appropriate time and opportunity for sleep and results in daytime functional impairment for the child and/or family."28 All these subjective complaints may contribute to complaints of daytime sleepiness, another elevated subdomain among children with FASD. Similar to findings in a younger cohort,19 the mean CSHQ Subdomain Score assessing SDB was not appreciably different than the control mean despite preliminary objective evidence from PSG indicating the presence of mild SDB in children with FASD. Caregiver observations are not the best predictors of obstructive sleep apnea,29 which may account for this discrepancy. This supports the need for both subjective and objective data to best describe clinical sleep abnormalities at this juncture.
The clinical symptoms of FASD have some similarities to the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, resulting in likely diagnostic comorbidities. While exact prevalence rates of comorbid ADHD within the general population of FASD are unknown, the current study's caregiver reported rate of 76% falls within the ranges seen in other clinical samples, finding 60% to 95% of ADHD in persons with FASD.16 It is important to note that the attentional deficits seen with prenatal alcohol exposure may not have the same neuropsychological profile on detailed testing compared with non-teratogenic ADHD.30 Unfortunately, these tests are not readily available to most practitioners. Nevertheless, while FASD without symptoms of ADHD is not common, most pediatric practitioners who diagnose ADHD do not assess for any degree of prenatal alcohol exposure. Thus, within the population labeled as ADHD, the rate of FASD is unknown. In studies of children with ADHD, it is possible that some of the observed sleep problems arise through unascertained prenatal alcohol exposure. Therefore, clarifying diagnostic labels and the presence of prenatal alcohol exposure will be important in future studies of sleep problems in clinical samples of both ADHD and FASD.
While a comorbid diagnosis of ADHD in children with FASD may contribute to sleep problems in this population, it is unlikely to be the sole explanation. First, sleep problems are common in general pediatrics and not exclusive to those with ADHD or FASD. Indeed, 35% of subjects in the community sample had CSHQ scores ≥ 41, despite the fact that those on psychostimulant medications (for presumed ADHD) were excluded from the community sample.21 Second, among the children with FASD in this study, those with and without ADHD still had higher Total Scores than controls, and higher than those with ADHD without known FASD.31 Meta-analyses of PSG findings in studies of children with a diagnosis of ADHD report both SDB and an elevation of periodic limb movements17; our pilot data in a subset of children with FASD and comorbid ADHD reveal SDB and hypoventilation, but no participant had an elevation in periodic limb movements. While this study was not designed to pinpoint the etiologies of differences between prior findings and this report's data, prenatal alcohol exposure is a potential culprit.
The preliminary PSG data can be used to explore the potential physiologic causes for subjective reports of pediatric insomnia and disrupted sleep in this clinical group, generating hypotheses to be evaluated using larger samples in studies that include carefully defined control groups.
One possible etiology is SDB, based on early evidence of elevated AHI and higher mean end-tidal CO2 measurements. Breathing irregularities in children with diagnosed FASD may have a physiologic basis. Experimental rodent models of prenatal alcohol exposure describe altered ventilatory responses.32 Children with FASD have known craniofacial abnormalities leading to narrowed upper airways,4 and reports show abnormal cerebellar vermi (thought to be involved with respiratory control and muscle coordination)33 in alcohol-exposed children.34 Any level of respiratory abnormalities may also result in repeated cortical arousals during sleep, compounding sleep fragmentation.
Another possible etiology for subjective complaints of insomnia lies in frequent cortical arousals leading to sleep fragmentation, presumably unrelated to SDB. This has previously been shown in other studies of prenatally alcohol-exposed infants and children and in animal experiments, with potential mechanisms including potential circadian and sleep homeostatic disturbances as a direct result of alcohol's teratogenic properties.35–40 The median number of cortical arousals in the current small sample undergoing PSG was high compared with controls when respiratory-related arousals were excluded. This suggests the increased occurrence of sleep fragmentation is not attributable only to SDB. It is possible, however, that some cortical arousals labeled as non-respiratory related were actually related to respiratory disturbances not detectable by current techniques.
The current study is congruent with previous case series and a very recent systematic study of preschoolers in which high rates of concerning sleep problems were observed in children with FASD. Nevertheless, the data must be interpreted with potential study limitations in mind. First, the potential overlap between ADHD and FASD has been addressed but bears further study. Second, only children with clinically significant daytime behavior problems were enrolled into the original intervention study, from which participants in the current study were recruited. However, behavior problems are relatively common among children with FASD, and the children in this study were otherwise representative of the larger FAS DPN clinical database which had similar distribution of CBCL scores. Third, participants with FASD were not only exposed to alcohol before birth, but as a group also had other elevations in prenatal and postnatal psychosocial risk compared with controls, illustrated by lower SES scores and less traditional household/caregiver structures. However, there was still a high prevalence of reported sleep problems among those with FASD and low psychosocial risk (data not shown), indicating that psychosocial risk alone was not likely to have caused the difference between groups. This study was not designed to examine the role of these potential differences on CSHQ, but future studies with larger samples, including matched controls, may be able to do so. Fourth, comparison with the community sample, while quite informative, has limitations because these samples were recruited for different studies. It is unknown whether the community sample includes children with FASD. However, FASD prevalence data would suggest that only about four participants in the community sample would have fallen under the umbrella of FASD. Also, such misclassification of FASD cases as "controls" would have biased the comparison towards the null and away from the results that were actually found in this study. Lastly, the interpretation of PSG data was limited by very small numbers, referral and self-selection bias, and prescribed medications. However, data are in line with a recent study of medication-free preschoolers with FASD.19 These pilot data illustrate the current state of clinical sleep medicine and difficulties in performing PSG in a group of children who are medicated for sleep problems. While these medications are prescribed without an evidence base, to discontinue medications for a study places caregivers and families at risk for recrudescence of worsened behaviors/sleep problems and their sequelae at home.
Though the results of the current study are based on a small sample and are preliminary, they cohere with data from existing basic science and clinical literature. The high prevalence of sleep problems observed in children with FASD suggests that children with FASD should routinely be evaluated for sleep complaints. Sleep problems in this heterogeneous group are likely impacted by multiple factors including the presence of comorbid ADHD, and screening for sleep problems should be done whether or not children show the classic characteristics of the full FAS, with referral to a sleep medicine specialist when appropriate. Sleep problems warrant assessment and treatment, possibly involving medications, as disturbed sleep may worsen the already compromised daytime behavior and adaptive function among children with FASD. An evidence base needs to be created upon which providers make decisions for treatment of sleep problems for those with FASD. Of special importance are study designs that include medication washout, if families can tolerate the functional impact of this procedure. Further elucidations of the mechanisms of alcohol's teratogenic effects on sleep are needed. Findings from this study highlight the urgency for clinical study of disrupted sleep among the relatively common but often underrecognized population of children with FASD.
This was not an industry supported study. The author has indicated no financial conflicts of interest.
The authors express deep appreciation to the participating families and dedicated clinical and research team of the Washington State Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Diagnostic and Prevention Network (FAS DPN), led by Susan J. Astley, Ph.D. The FAS DPN is the source of participants for this research project. Without the generous participation of families, and the unwavering efforts of the team to better serve individuals with FASD, this research would not have been possible. Work related to this study was performed at Seattle Children's Hospital and Seattle Children's Research Institute. Support for this study provided by Seattle Children's Research Institute Center for Clinical and Translational Research Mentored Scholar Program; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Grant number U01-0000DD038-05; and Seattle Children's Research Institute.
Steinhausen HC, Spohr HL, authors. Long-term outcome of children with fetal alcohol syndrome: psychopathology, behavior, and intelligence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998;22:334–8. [PubMed]
Bhatara V, Loudenberg R, Ellis R, authors. Association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and gestational alcohol exposure: an exploratory study. J Atten Disord. 2006;9:515–22. [PubMed]
Green CR, Mihic AM, Nikkel SM, et al., authors. Executive function deficits in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) measured using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery (CANTAB). J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2009;50:688–97. [PubMed]
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Kodituwakku PW, author. Defining the behavioral phenotype in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2007;31:192–201. [PubMed]
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Chervin RD, Ruzicka DL, Giordani BJ, et al., authors. Sleep-disordered breathing, behavior, and cognition in children before and after adenotonsillectomy. Pediatrics. 2006;117:e769–78. [PubMed Central][PubMed]
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How to watch youtube (and others) without flash
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Joined: 07 Jan 2010
Posts: 29
Location: uk
Posted: Fri 28 May 2010, 07:10
Post subject:
How to watch youtube (and others) without flash
Subject description: simple steps to not use adobe flash
Ok guys
how to almost completely ditch Adobe Flash
I have only tried this with Firefox but I can't see why it shouldn't work with SeaMonkey.
first thing you'll need are 2 firefox addons:
. Now restart firefox
I couldn't get this to work with the gxine plugin but it works with the old mplayer plugin and newer gecko/mplayer plugin so you'll need to install mplayer and mplayerplug-in pets
I haven't tried vlc but that should also work, with the moz plugin.
Now go to userscripts.org and install
youtube without flash
Right, that's it you can now watch youtube and none of that crap adobe flash chewing your cpu to death
When you first use it, it is set to use the highest quality by default, so I'd set to a lower quality in preferences for a quicker response and if you're using vlc you might need to change player from generic to vlc
So that's youtube sorted, now other sites, there are thousands of userscripts to choose from so to narrow it down you can install
Right-clicking on the monkey icon will show you all the scripts available for the site you're on, popular sites like facebook, google and youtube have hundreds
alternatively you can use unplug (the little fish in the top right). Click on it and a window will come up showing all the alternative versions (mplayer can play just about everything), you can download or view in a new tab or window.
unfortunately some sites are exclusively flash so you'll still need flash for some
here's a script that might help low power cpu's with flash content:
flash quality changer
ps this also works on other linux's and windows (with vlc)
and thanks for sorting the url's whoever did that, still can't work it out (see above edit)
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Puppy Master
Joined: 09 May 2005
Posts: 8826
Location: Perth, Western Australia
Posted: Fri 28 May 2010, 20:31
Post subject:
Great stuff!
Quirky has SeaMonkey 2.0.4. I found that a very recent version of Greasemonkey supports SM:
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Joined: 03 Sep 2009
Posts: 2177
Location: Out wandering... maybe.
Posted: Fri 28 May 2010, 21:29
Post subject:
I've also found a Firefox extension called "Low Quality Flash" (
) that's supposed to force Flash to always open in low-quality mode. Not sure how well it works, though, because FF3.6 is always chewing up most of my 128MB of RAM, anyway, on this old system.
[ Puppy 4.3.1 JP, Frugal install | 1GB RAM | 1.3GB swap ] * [ Puppy Precise 5.7.1 JP, Frugal install ] * [XenialPup 64 7.5, Frugal install]
In memory of our beloved American Eskimo puppy (1995-2010) and black Lab puppy (1997-2011).
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Joined: 29 Jun 2008
Posts: 10548
Location: SwedenEurope
Posted: Sat 29 May 2010, 06:37
Post subject:
cool you took time to share this with us. Much appreciated.
I use Google Search on Puppy Forum
not an ideal solution though
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Joined: 04 Apr 2007
Posts: 6815
Location: Chatham, Kent, UK
Posted: Sat 29 May 2010, 07:48
Post subject:
Great, gonkbag - linked
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Joined: 07 Jan 2010
Posts: 29
Location: uk
Posted: Sun 30 May 2010, 15:57
Post subject:
Hello again and thanks
like all the best ideas I nicked it from someone else
For those of you interested in youtube and other web based video streaming/providers there is some quite interesting progress (of sorts) going on, namely vp8
This site/developer
probably has the most objective and informed (read "blunt") write up of this format.
Although there is a feeling of "meet the new boss, same as the old boss" about it, (swapping adobe for google) google have made it clear that vp8 (as untested [by the masses] as it is) is open source, progress, yeah maybe, but
trouble on the patent horizon methinks.
Adobe are by no means throwing in the towel though
(those of you with the unplug addon should try it with this vid) so I guess adobe will be clinging on for some time to come.
This of course leads us to the next question, what, if any linux/firefox/seamonkey etc solutions are there, well mplayer have released a vp8 patch
as yet untried by myself.
Well whatever happens adobe/flash has at last got some competition, which, although vp8 doesn't look like the best solution can only be a good thing.
Watch this space
ps does this method (youtube wihout flash) work ok with quirky ?
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Puppy Master
Joined: 09 May 2005
Posts: 8826
Location: Perth, Western Australia
Posted: Mon 31 May 2010, 20:31
Post subject:
Blog report on WebM/VP8:
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Joined: 29 Jun 2008
Posts: 10548
Location: SwedenEurope
Posted: Thu 21 Apr 2011, 10:17
Post subject:
Update on using webm instead of Flashplayer coding.
Some 30% of all videos have now been converted from Flash to the webm format that should be in every modern Firefox?
all new videos uploaded to YouTube are now transcoded into WebM. WebM is an open media file format for video and audio on the web. Its openness allows anyone to improve the format and its integrations, resulting in a better experience for you in the long-term. As we work to transcode more videos into WebM, we hope to reduce the technical incompatibilities that prevent you from accessing video while improving the overall online video landscape.
Transcoding all new video uploads into WebM is an important first step, and we're also working to transcode our entire video catalog to WebM. Given the massive size of our catalog - nearly 6 years of video is uploaded to YouTube every day - this is quite the undertaking. So far we've already transcoded videos that make up 99% of views on the site or nearly 30% of all videos into WebM. We're focusing first on the most viewed videos on the site, and we've made great progress here through our cloud-based video processing infrastructure that maximizes the efficiency of processing and transcoding without stopping. It works like this: at busy upload times, our processing power is dedicated to new uploads, and at less busy times, our cloud will automatically switch some of our processing to encode older videos into WebM. As we continue to transcode the remaining inventory, we'll keep you posted on our progress.
In keeping with our goal of making videos universally accessible, we will continue to support H.264 as an important codec for video on YouTube. We are also committed to continuing to develop our HTML5 video player that we announced last year,
Have any of you found such a video so one can see how it ends up in the cache and if one can save them to HDD the way we could with older Flashfiles?
I use Google Search on Puppy Forum
not an ideal solution though
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Joined: 22 Mar 2007
Posts: 420
Location: Kerry, Ireland
Posted: Tue 08 Nov 2011, 08:18
Post subject:
BarryK wrote:
Great stuff!
Quirky has SeaMonkey 2.0.4. I found that a very recent version of Greasemonkey supports SM:
It appears that greasemonkey is now disabled, according to the above link
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(As of 1/24/19 10:00 a.m.)
Unger Park roads are open to the Riverside Trail Parking lot, however, the Riverside Trail remains closed beyond this parking lot.
The Grant's Spur along Grant's Trail was severely damaged during periods of heavy rain. For safety reasons, this short trail has been closed.
Ohlendorf Park restroom will be off-line for the remainder of the season. Portable toilets and hand washing stations remain onsite for public use.


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- Featured Jobs
Sanitation SpecialistCARY, North Carolina
- Featured Jobs
Kellogg is a proud recipient of a Patriot Award, which recognizes organizations providing extraordinary support and cooperation to citizens who serve. This honor was bestowed by the Employer Support of Guard and Reserve (ESGR), an agency of the Department of Defense.
With so many Kellogg employees having military service, along with numerous employees who are family members and supporters of loved ones in the military, Kellogg is proud to support all our Military Veteran employees and their families with our Employee Resource Group (ERG), K-Vets & Supporters. This group actively engages with employees who have service experience and assists with our veteran recruiting and development, strengthening our position as an employer of choice for veterans and their supporters. We are also honored to support a variety of military initiatives, including Wounded Warrior Project, National Military Family Association and the Defense Commissary Agency Scholarship Fund.
Find out how your military skills can fit with a Kellogg career.
You've given your time and talent as a military veteran. You've demonstrated your commitment to career development with pride and passion during your service years. You've seen, heard and had experiences unique to only those who have served their country.
From Plant Operation Supervisors to Senior Financial Analysts, Kellogg offers opportunities for military veterans to grow with us. We are proud of our history of recruiting and developing veterans across the United States and are committed to recruiting and hiring more. We recognize that military-experienced talent bring exceptional and valuable knowledge, skills and experience to our company.
The values that you've come to learn and live through your service are similar to our K Values, which describe who we are, what we believe and what brings us together as a global community. Our K Values – integrity, respect, accountability, passion, humility, hunger, simplicity and success - help define what makes our company and our people special and how we all play a unique and critical role in the ongoing success of Kellogg.
W.K. Kellogg saw a better way—shaping our industry through a passion for people, and the goodness of food. And every day, we continue our founder's legacy of leadership. Together we take the steps that show the way, with a vision for tomorrow and a plan to get there. We encourage you apply for a position that leverages your military experience and invite you to grow and lead with us.


text:
We have lost a wonderful artist
We have lost a wonderful artist. The City may never see such a beautiful, hand painted signage and works again .Chris was born on October 7, 1958 in Taft at the West Side District Hospital and passed on March 3, 2013 at his home in Taft. He was preceded in death by his parents, Paul and Marjorie Williams. He is survived by his loving wife of 30 years, Diane (O'Leary) Williams; his daughter, Tiffany Dawn; his son, Aaron Christopher; his sisters, Sharon (Vaughn) Campbell of El Dorado, Gail (Troy) Kuykendall of Crescent City, Rebeca (Doug) Rued and Terri Reese all of Placerville. As well as his sister-in-law Debby (Lon) Babbitt of New Mexico, brother-in-law, Devon (Tammi) Heckmann of Taft; his father-in-law, Fred Heckmann of Azusa and his mother-in-law, DeLaine O'Leary (Les) Newton of Bothell, Washington; several cousins, nieces, nephews and many friends. Chris graduated from Maricopa schools, and always had an artful outlook on love and life. Chris always loved to entertain, from playing the drums, piano, to creating works of art, barbecuing and cracking jokes. He always had a story to tell of his many adventures, especially with family and special friends, Joe and Ofelia Fuller. Chris liked to tell about silly pranks he'd played in school, (riding his bike through the band room) and of the many places he had gone to play music during school and after he graduated. He was greatly loved and we will miss him always. A celebration of life will be held at Jo's Restaurant, 510 Kern Street, Taft on Saturday, March 9, 2013 at 2:00 P.M. To convey condolences or sign an online register, please visit www.EricksonAndBrown.com. Until we meet again in Heaven.


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The Zoning office is responsible for the enforcement of the Zoning Ordinance. The Zoning Ordinance is the tool utilized to implement the County's Comprehensive Plan. The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan is to provide a program for the orderly and efficient growth and development of Woodbury County. The Plan is concerned with the effective use of land, structures and open space, both public and private, to make Woodbury County a desirable place in which to live and work.
The Zoning office is where you can obtain applications for building permits, variances, conditional use permits, rezonings, and subdivisions. Filing fees vary for these applications.
The studies used to prepare the Comprehensive Plan for the unincorporated area of Woodbury County include analysis of population trends and characteristics, economic factors, existing use of land and structures, public utilities and roads, recreational and educational facilities and the financial condition of the County.
The formulation and development of the Plan was guided by land use goals and objectives. The first goal is to provide for the orderly growth and development of the County while encouraging the preservation of existing agricultural resources. The second objective is to provide for varied residential areas to serve the diverse housing needs of the County population. Another purpose is to promote sound economic growth through the proper allocation of land for agricultural, commercial and industrial development. An additional goal is to provide for an adequate transportation system for safe and efficient movement of goods and people is a goal. In addition, the intent is to preserve public and private open space including wooded areas, streams and floodplains recognizing these areas as resources to be conserved rather than developed. The final objective is to allocate sufficient land for parks and recreation to meet the needs of the present and future population.
Information About Current And Previous FEMA Flood Maps
Independent Study of Brown's Lake : (See link at bottom of page)
Independent Study of Farmer's/Garretson Ditch: (See link at bottom of page)
LOMA Steps: (Click on attachment at bottom of page)
FEMA Meeting Video: (See link under Planning/Zoning Info bottom left on this page)
Flood Insurance Study: (Click on attachment at bottom of page)
FEMA Flood Hazard Mapping Fact Sheet: (Click on attachment at bottom of page)
Recap of Approved LOMA Determination Letters Impacting Flood Plain Mapping: (Click
on attachment at bottom of this page)
Go to http://beacon.schneidercorp.com
to see if your home is in the current FEMA Floodzone.
Search for your parcel, use the MAP tab (top) and turn on the FEMA flood layers (left menu).


text:
Student or Learner
The original text has "on" in-between, but is it a must? It's connected to "depend" and this is a grammar question, but I don't know if this kind of rule is quite strict.
ex)Making $1 million in one year, but nothing in the preceding nine, ①does not bring the same pleasure as having the total evenly distributed over the same period, that is, $100,000 every year for ten years in a row. The same ②applies to the inverse order ― making a bundle the first year, then nothing for the remaining period. Somehow, your pleasure system ③will be saturated rather quickly. As a matter of fact, your happiness depends far more on the number of instances of positive feelings, what psychologists call positive affect, ④than (on) their intensity. In other words, good news is good news first; how good matters rather little. So to have a pleasant life you should spread these small affects across time as⑤evenly as possible. Plenty of mildly good news is preferable to one single lump of great news.
It's optional, but with that many words between I would include it.


text:
|cum watch these guys get a shock of a lifetime
|these pics are great but the Tranny Surprise videos are even better
cause there is an unexpected prize in every single pair of panties!!!
|enter here to watch the free videos right now
|you really need to check this shit out or else your missing
out on some of the wackiest, wildest fun on the internet!!!


text:
The Rise of False Prophets and Why Following Them Won't Make You Feel Better
I sat in front of my computer a few weeks ago writing an article on the ten lesser known habits to optimize your business success this year and I was hit with another thought that deserved some exploration.
It was a thought about false prophets and the people who follow them.
Being a conscious, and […]


text:
SAN FRANCISCO — Attorneys for Facebook and a group of members who sued the social network urged a federal judge Thursday to accept a negotiated settlement of a class-action dispute over the use of members' names and photos in online advertising despite objections from a public interest group that said the agreement doesn't do enough to protect minors.
A Facebook lawyer said the company has agreed to "unprecedented" measures that will let users control how their names and photos are used in so-called "sponsored stories" advertisements, in which companies pay Facebook to distribute messages to a user's friends when that user clicks the "Like" button or takes other action on an advertiser's Facebook page.
The settlement also sets aside $20 million to compensate millions of members whose names were used in past advertising. It was negotiated with attorneys representing a group of Facebook members who filed a lawsuit complaining that the social network was using their names and photos for commercial benefit without paying them or allowing them to opt out of the program.
Attorneys for those plaintiffs have agreed to the settlement, but the nonprofit Center for Public Interest Law at the University of San Diego filed a separate motion asking U.S. District Judge Richard Seeborg to reject the agreement. They argue that Facebook should be required to get active consent from the parents of minors before using their names or photos, rather than putting the burden on parents to opt out of the program.
Seeborg said he may consider those objections later, but after hearing briefly from attorneys in court Thursday, he indicated he will rule "very shortly" on whether to grant tentative approval to the settlement.
The case strikes at a central element of Facebook's efforts to build a business in part around advertising that relies on its members' recommendations as a persuasive message.
Earlier this year, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg said the "sponsored stories" program was generating $1 million a day in advertising revenue, with about half of that coming from ads shown to Facebook users on their mobile gadgets.
Facebook executives say the program is especially important to their nascent mobile ad business because it's a way to insert ads directly into the stream of updates that users see on their smartphone screen, rather than interrupting the stream with a traditional display ad.
Contact Brandon Bailey at 408-920-5022; follow him at Twitter.com/BrandonBailey.


text:
Employment support
In the past year we have given employment coaching to over 30 young people; nearly 90% of those we helped went back to college, into training or found employment.
Our employment support service is for those over 16 who are not in education, employment or training but who want to be.
It aims to help you build confidence and set goals so that you can find and maintain a job, complete a training course or gain useful qualifications.
How does employment support work?
You will be supported by a mentor on a one-to-one basis.
You will meet with your mentor on a regular basis and they will help you think about what you enjoy doing, what you are good at and what you might like to do in the future.
Along with your mentor you will put together a plan that breaks down your goals into manageable targets and we will give you support every step of the way to help you achieve these.
How can we help?
We could help you:
- Improve your confidence and self-esteem
- Develop life skills and set life goals
- Get valuable work experience
- Back into education, training or apprenticeships and traineeships
- Improve your CV and interview techniques
- Find and maintain work.
How to do I get employment mentoring?
If you are interested in talking to us about employment mentoring, please contact us.
To refer yourself for employment coaching, please complete our referral form and email it to email@example.com
Did you know? - around a million young people are currently classed as NEET - not in education, training or employment.
Our aim is to help try and reduce that number.


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(NewsUSA) – "I Get Around."
That iconic '60s song resonates deeply with the Beach Boys' Mike Love — and not just because he co-wrote it. These days, it's also something of an ode to how his life has improved, thanks to chiropractic care.
"In more than 50 years of performing over 100 shows a year, I've traveled by car, van, bus, train, plane and occasional boat," he says of the toll all that touring has taken on his body. "Chiropractors have helped me remain mobile and pain-free."
That makes Love, who's a big supporter of the Foundation for Chiropractic Progress, one of the growing number of Americans who've turned to what the journal Chiropractic & Manual Therapies calls "one of the most frequently utilized types of complementary and alternative care by older adults." In fact, an estimated 14 percent of patients cared for by chiropractors are age 65 and over.
And while many older adults seek chiropractic care for its high patient-satisfaction scores and relief from musculoskeletal pain, chiefly back and neck pain, that's not all they're consulting such doctors about. The same C&MT article also noted that chiropractors help manage patients' health conditions through lifestyle counseling, including exercise and nutritional support.
As for the lead singer of the Beach Boys, whose biggest-selling hit, "Kokomo," reached number one in 1988, he still loves performing in front of audiences worldwide. "With my active lifestyle," he says, "I use regular chiropractic care as a complement to my daily practice of transcendental meditation and hatha yoga."
To learn more about developments in senior chiropractic care, visit www.yes2chiropractic.org.
This article is copyright free. You are free to use it on a blog, website, in a newspaper, or newsletter.
To re-post this, copy the content above, or HTML on the right, and paste onto your site.


text: This is a great tutorial that will show you how to create a smokey eye look in only five minutes! Smokey eyes are sexy, smoldering and great at grabbing attention. :) The look is perfect for your next night out! The tutorial is by Beau Nelson, a makeup artist and Creative Director of Beauté Cosmetics.


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Neuroscientist Lori Marino and a team of researchers explored the brain of a dead killer whale with an MRI and found an astounding potential for intelligence.
Killer whales, or orcas, have the second-biggest brains among all ocean mammals, weighing as much as 15 pounds. It's not clear whether they are as well-endowed with memory cells as humans, but scientists have found they are amazingly well-wired for sensing and analyzing their watery, three-dimensional environment.


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You are not logged in.
Hi Mandy
I have decided to give you just ONE question which is one I have already mentioned:
1 foot = 12 inches
1 inch = 2.54 cm
How many cm are there in a foot, preferably to 2 decimal places?
Do not spend too long over that. If you cannot answer within 5 minutes just guess the answer.
You can use a calculator for that one, but tell me the method that you used.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-24 06:02:26)
Hi steveb mandy here the answer to the question are
Q1 = 7m into cm = 7x100 =700cm
Q2 = 60m into cm = 60x100 = 6000cm
Q 3 = 5000cm into m = 500 ÷ 100 = 5m
Q 4 = 400cm into m = 400 ÷ 100 = 4m
Q 5 = 20.4m into cm = 20.4 x100 = 2040cm
Q 6 = 9643c into m = 9643 ÷ 100 = 96.43m
Are they right or not?
All correct well done (except Q3). Try the one above if you haven't already.
Actually Q3 was 5000 /100 = 50 m
Anyway you have got the hang of it. Good.
I will go away for a few minutes for you to try the feet/inches/cm one.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-24 06:07:33)
The answer to the question how many cm are there in a food preferably to 2 decimal places? Is the answer 2.54 x 12 = 30.48cm is this right or not?
Correct. 30.48cm is 12 inches.
Right are you able to work out how many feet there are in one metre ?
Or if it is easier how many inches are there in 100cm ? (Then how many feet in 100cm?)
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-24 06:17:26)
Hi steveb how many inches are there in 100cm the answer is. 12÷100cm = 0.12. Am I right or not?
No 100 / 2.54 = 39.37 inches approx.
Notice that 39.37.. x 2.54 = 100 cm
You can if you like divide by 12 to get the amount of feet in one metre.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-24 06:28:31)
I am getting 3.28 feet in a metre to 2 decimal places.
Not sure if this helps, but imagine a 1 metre long ruler - now imagine 3 foot long (12in or 30cm)
rulers in a line. The metre ruler is a little bit longer than the 3 one foot long rulers.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-24 06:31:38)
Could you give me some to do for tomorrow please?
One thing you might like to consider is:
An object is said to weight one stone exactly.
1 stone = 14 pounds
1 kg = 2.20462 pounds
How much is one stone in kg ?
By kg or Kg or KG I mean kilograms that is to say 1000 grams.
"kilo" usually means 1000 of something.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-24 19:58:34)
A few on metres, feet, inches and centimetres:
(1) Convert 5 metres into inches.
(2) Convert 20 inches into centimetres
(3) Convert 15cm into inches.
(4) Convert 1 foot into metres
One on weight:
(5) Convert 1 pound into kg (use the information in the previous post to help with this)
Doing Q5 might help with the question:
(6) Convert 1 stone into kg.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-25 02:32:40)
Could you give me some work on m into cm foot into inches and could I have some work on stone intimate kg and pounds as well please?
Ok steveb I will do these for you tomorrow ok? Buy for now
Another question about feet, inches, cm and metres is:
A person is said to be 5 foot 9 inches tall exactly.
(1) How many inches is the person is just using inches ? (Hint: 12 inches equals one foot.)
(2) Now convert this into centimetres. (Remember: 1 inch = 2.54 cm)
(3) Now convert this into metres.
(4) You could also put this in the form of metres and centimetres.
(I mean by that to put 100cm as 1 metre and give the rest as centimetres.)
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-24 07:15:09)
One thing you might like to consider is:
An object is said to weight one stone exactly.
1 stone = 14 pounds
1 kg = 2.20462 pounds
How much is one stone in kg ?
By kg or Kg or KG I mean kilograms that is to say 1000 grams.
"kilo" usually means 1000 of something.
I am going to do this as an example:
1 stone is 14 pounds
Therefore we want 14 pounds converted into kg.
If you divide 2.20462 pounds by 2.20462 you get 1 kg.
So divide 14 pounds by 2.20462 using a calculator and get:
Obviously this needs to be rounded because it is more accurate than we could
possibly have measured so I am going to round it to 6.35 kg in one stone.
(I have found out from another source that it is 6.35029 - I am not sure which is more
accurate and it does not matter because in practice you would not need to be that
precise except in engineering/scientific precision situations.)
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-25 07:11:50)
A few on metres, feet, inches and centimetres:
(1) Convert 5 metres into inches.
I am also going to do this one:
5 metres = 500 cm
To convert to inches I need to divide by 2.54
500 / 2.54 = 196.85 inches (to 2 dp.)
or 197 to the nearest inch.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-25 07:12:37)
Hi steveb mandy here i have tried to send you an email but I can't get it to send you and I don't know why? Hope you get this ok? Send me message back on here to let me know please?
I have received some emails from you today.
I have just replied with questions and answers from the 17th May and
the 21st April, which were sent as answers on 20/21 June.
They are long emails so if needed I can post here, but if you now have them
then great.
hi i don't know why the email are not going thought quitley is it the weather or not? i have got question ok thanks.
I don't think the weather has had any effect on the system (overheating etc.).
The thing that I thought was the weather turned out to be caused
by roadworkers making an error causing a connection failure.
I received the 2 emails where you asked for the questions only too
late and had just sent the answers and questions emails.
After a pause of 5 minutes or so I sent the questions only.
It may still help you to try to do those since you have the answers now
in case you are stuck with them. Notice also that I have answered two
of the recent maths exercises as examples in case you were stuck on them
(see above).
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-25 19:45:09)
(2) Convert 20 inches into centimetres
I am getting:
20 x 2.54 = 50.8 cm
It may be helpful to think of a ruler (eg. 30cm, 15cm etc.)
to get a rough idea when doing these to make sure you don't
do the calculation the wrong way round.
I have thought of another conversion you might like to do:
ounces to grams and grams to ounces
eg. 1 ounce = 28.3495 grams (perhaps round to 28g)
(use exact figure if more accuracy is needed then round at the end)
So for instance how many grams in 6 ounces ?
How many ounces is 100 grams ?
Be careful to make sure you have got that right if needed for a cooking
recipe and/or something important.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-25 21:17:55)
Hi bob bundy mandy here i have sent you an email ok. I am not sure what emails have gone through and which ones have not been received by steveb as I am very confused with it? Can you help me out please?
Last edited by mandy jane (2013-07-25 23:06:30)
I did wonder whether the length of an email had anything to do with it (eg. 10K rather than 3K for instance).
None of the emails are especially big in today's terms when 10K = 1024 x 10 = 10240 bytes for instance is small compared
to let us say the RAM in a computer let us say 2GB for instance which is 2147483648 (2 x 1024 x 1024 x 1024).
However I remember from something that happened some time ago (maybe a year or 2) where I had to send a large attachment
(50+MB approx ???) that someone had asked for where my email system warned me that it couldn't send it and I received a delivery
failure message. To give an idea of scale this is about 5.24 million bytes more than 5000 times the size of a 10K email.
You should really get an error report or delivery failure message occur every time something you send does not get through.
However maybe some software is set up not to do this sometimes, or maybe there is some other problem.
My experience today and recently is that all of your emails are getting through as far as I know. You have sometimes spelled
my email address wrong, but your computer will put the address in for you in a reply and may help you even when sending a new
message depending on what you are using to send them with and how good the software is.
Last edited by SteveB (2013-07-26 00:11:09)
Hi steveb mandy here can you send me an email to make sure it is working please? I will send one back ok I will stay on her ok


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|This is the article on the general skill. For Zetsu's personal technique, head to Substitute Technique.
With this technique, users replace their own body with some other object, generally with a block of wood, the moment an attack lands. This creates an optical illusion, making the enemy think the attack was successful. From this, the user can use the lapse in the enemy's attention to attack or flee from the battlefield. Explosive tags can be attached to the replacement for an added surprise. Despite it being a basic ninjutsu taught at the Academy, it is seen as a useful art that can be applied in variety of situations as it allows for a swift getaway from danger. The technique even allows a restrained shinobi to escape capture.[2]
- This technique is based on a real-life ninja art, kawarimi. It was an ancient ninja art revolving around misdirection and the split-second timing of a switch between a 'body' and a location, or between two or more bodies: A technique utilised by ninja in ancient Japan, involving the ninja and anything that can be mistaken for them, (such as a dummy or a mannequin). As it means "a quick shift in position, or adaptability to changing circumstances", it is also utilised in Sumo.
- This technique is sometimes referred to as the Empty Cicada Technique (空蝉の術, Utsusemi no Jutsu) in other stories (not to be confused with the Empty Cicada Shell Technique, which bears the exact same kanji). This name refers to the empty shell a cicada leaves after moulting.
- In Naruto: Clash of Ninja 2, Akamaru is seen using this technique, except instead of using a log, he uses a bone.
- Because of the unique physiology of the Eight-Tails, allowing it to regenerate its lost tentacles, Killer B can supplement his Body Replacement Technique with severed tentacles.
- ↑ Rin no Sho, page 177
- ↑ Naruto chapter 374, page 15


text:
Tigers Prepare to Host Two Cross-Division Opponents
Nashville, Tenn. – Tennessee State returns to Tiger Field to open the home portion of the 2013 Ohio Valley Conference schedule this weekend. TSU will face a pair of Hawks from the Western Division in UT Martin and Southeast Missouri State. On Saturday, the Tigers and the Skyhawks will battle in a doubleheader beginning at 1:00 pm. TSU and Redhawks will have their 1:00 pm twin bill on Sunday afternoon.
All TSU games can be heard on tsutigers.com.
The Tigers (9-19) enter the weekend with all but three nonconference games under their belt. As they enter the conference home opener they are sporting a .244 team batting average and a 3.15 earned run average.
TSU sports three batters over .300, led by senior Jennifer Givens who is hitting .388 (31-for-80). Junior Ashley Haynes is batting .352 (19-for-54) and freshman Kiarra Freeman is at .341 (29-for-85). Freeman has crossed home plate 15 times, while Givens and freshman Kacie Daugherty have scored 12 times each. Freshman Audrey Sensing (15) and sophomore Kate Morris (12) have produced the most runners driven in, while Sensing and fellow freshman Lindsey Burgess have recorded the most extra base hits with seven a piece.
In the circle, Olivia Gamache entered the TSU Top 10 strikeout career list as she sat down her 99th hitter. Gamache is 3-10 with a 3.47 ERA in 80.2 innings pitched. Shea Morris has a 2.89 ERA in 99.1 innings. Morris has struck out 117 batters on her way to a 6-9 record and has acquired a save and two shutouts.
UT Martin (17-8, 1-1)
2012 Record: 39-22
Conference: OVC
2012 Finish: 23-6 (1st)
Series Record: 6-52
Last Time Played: 2012, L 1-9
Last Win: 2009, 5-4
The Skyhawks are led by dual threat Kenzi Tate. The sophomore leads UTM with a .361 batting average and is 9-1 with a save in the circle. Tate also leads with eight doubles, five home runs and 23 RBI. As a pitcher, Tate has a 2.56 ERA in 63 innings of work and has struck out 46 batters while walking 34. Leah Taylor is hitting .352 and tops UT Martin with 21 runs scored and 23 stolen bases. Casey Vincent has thrown 73 innings and is 7-3 with a 2.30 ERA. Her 51 punch outs and 18 walks lead UTM.
Southeast Missouri State (8-14, 1-1)
2012 Record: 25-30
Conference: OVC
2012 Finish: 13-16 (7th)
Series Record: 7-51
Last Time Played: 2012, L 2-6
Last Win: 2010, 6-4
Alexis Anderson (.333) and Savannah Carpenter (.321) lead the Red Hawks in batting average, but SEMO features a pair of dangerous .274 hitters. Lindsey Patterson paces the squad with six doubles, four dingers and 11 walks. Patterson is second with 10 runs scored and 12 RBI. Kaitlin Zink is at the top of the SEMO list with 15 runs and 11 stolen bases. Taylor Cowan has received the ball to start in 12 of the 22 games. Cowan is 5-8 with a save and a 2.75 ERA in 81.1 innings pitched. She has fanned 45 batters and is holding opponents to a .263 batting average. Hannah Clemons is second on the team with 40 innings of work and has compiled a 1-3 record and a 5.43 ERA. She does have 33 K's and has issued 15 free passes.


text:
- Vote Count : 21
- Status : Released
- Film Note : -movie_rating-
- Youtube Id : -youtube_id-
- Original title : Maximum Overdrive
- Tagline : Stephen King's masterpiece of terror directed by the master himself.
- Release Date of film : 1986-07-25
- Societies of production :
- Languages spoken : English
- Duration of movie : 97
- Movie Genre : Action, Drama, Horror, Science Fiction,
- Average rate : 5.9
- Emilio Estevez Character (Bill Robinson)
- Pat Hingle Character (Hendershot)
- Laura Harrington Character (Brett)
- Yeardley Smith Character (Connie)
- John Short Character (Curtis)
- Frankie Faison Character (Handy)
Maximum Overdrive Synopsis:
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