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The usage and interpretation of each entry on the Birth Certificate is explained in turn along with any historical alteration that may have happened and examples.
Column 10 - Name Given After Initial Registration
The author, Barbara Dixon ,
can be emailed.
We might as well start with the top of the birth certificate with the heading because this does have some relevance to finding your way through the indexes.
When civil registration was first organised the most obvious unit that already existed and could be adapted to registration districts were the Poor Law Unions. Many of the original districts were a straight use of these and indeed those who administered the poor laws often became the first superintendent registrars.
Poor Law Unions were made up of several parishes and the Unions could sometimes cross the county boundaries. As a registration district could be quite large - especially in rural areas - the actual place of birth could be quite a long way - and in a different county - from the town that gave its name to the registration district. If you can find a birth registration at the right time but apparently in the wrong place close by it could be worth checking it out.
Some villages could lie in more than one registration district e.g. in my area the village of Colnbrook lay in 3 separate districts - one in Berkshire, one in Buckinghamshire and one in Surrey and this was not changed until 1994! That means that if a family moved down the road or across it they could be in a totally different registration district for the next child in the family.
A large registration district was divided into two or more sub-districts e.g. the Eton Registration district in 1837 had 3 - the Eton, Burnham, and Iver sub- districts. Each birth had to be registered in its correct sub-district.
Applications for a birth certificate can sometimes take quite a while to get to the correct current registration district. E.g. if you find a birth in the Dec quarter 1852 Eton district and ask where Eton registrations are held you will be told to apply to the Windsor and Maidenhead Register Office (because that is where current Eton registrations go). However, none of the Eton registrations before 1974 are held there - and most of them are at Slough so the application will be passed on to Slough. Slough only has 2 out of the 3 Eton sub-districts however, and once a search has been made of those it will be passed to Chiltern and South Bucks. Not surprising then if your certificate takes some time to get to you!
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The first column on your birth certificate is the entry number in the register. This can be anything from 1 to 500. You can sometimes pick up twins from the fact that they might have the same GRO reference.
The GRO reference is for a whole page of a register which means 5 entries. If you have twins on the same page they will have the same reference number. However if the twins were the last entry on one page and the first on the next they will have consecutive reference numbers not the same. And if two different families with the same surname are on the same page it will look like twins when it isn't. This is not as unusual as you might think - I once had 3 Thornton surnames in 4 entries and none of the families were related to one another.
I will tell you how to know when you have twins in the next section.
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The date of birth should be clearly written in the form "Eighteenth May 1840" although some of the early registers have variations on that in the very first registrations.
You would have thought that the date would be accurate but there are an amazing number of people out there celebrating birthdays on days which are not their birth dates! One reason is that parents lied about the date of birth to bring their birth dates within the 6 week registration date. These days, birth dates are checked against other lists to confirm their accuracy but that is a pretty recent development. If you are getting one set of birth dates from one source such as a baptism and another set from the certificate have a look at column 8 on the birth certificate and see how close to the 6 weeks limit the registration was. There is no such thing as a "late" baptism and therefore less need for parents to massage the truth.
Parents with large families frequently muddle which child was born when especially when the birth dates are close to one another - a second reason why the date of birth is sometimes not accurate.
If there is a time against the date of birth then there was more than one child born alive at the birth. If however a mother had twins, one liveborn and one stillborn, then the live born twin will not have a time against the birth. Until 1926 there were no registrations at all of a still born child. Having said that, again the early registrations are not consistent. The registrar in the Eton district did not put the times of births of twins in the registers at all until 1845 while the one in Stoke-on-Trent put times against all the registrations up until about 1850. It is possible to check for twins by looking for identical or consecutive GRO references in the indexes.
If a child lived even for a few seconds there should be both a birth registration and a death registration but I think in the early days that this wasn't always done.
The place of birth is not terribly helpful in the early registrations. The description is likely to be just the village name although "posh" people with big houses sometimes got their house names even on the early registrations. By 1860 more of the address was commonly in use eg High Street Chalvey and you might get even more given. By about 1880 reasonably full addresses were in use.
You need to look at the place of birth against the informant and address in Column 7. If mother has registered and the names given in Column 2 , and 7 are identical you have probably got mothers address at the time of the birth. Ditto for father. But if, for example, you have an illegitimate child born in the workhouse and the workhouse master registered - quite a common occurrence - then you have not got a permanent address for the mother of the child. What you have is the address at which the birth took place - the workhouse - and the address of the informant who lives at the workhouse. In early registrations the mother has probably not travelled far from home to give birth, but even so may have come from several parishes away. In later dates mothers often travelled very long distances from home especially when the baby was going to be adopted and the pregnancy hidden from the rest of the family/village.
Similarly if the mother went to her mother for the birth of a baby she could be quite a long way away from her real home but it will not necessarily show on the registration. What you could have is the address at which the birth took place - grandmothers - and the informants address which might be grandmother again as being present at the birth.
If the place of birth in Column 2 matches what you were expecting - fine. If you have rejected registrations as not matching exactly, maybe you should look again at the information you have and think again.
Hope you have enjoyed this so far!
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Oh dear - this is a minefield. Let's start with the obvious stuff.
The name(s) entered in Column 2 of a birth certificate is/are the forenames only.
A child can be registered without a first name and even today that is occasionally done. Sometimes that is because - despite nearly 9 months + 6 weeks to register in - the family has not yet chosen a name. Know the feeling actually - if we had had girls they would have been nameless! Sometimes that is because the baby has already died and the family is registering both the birth and the death and do not name the child. Sometimes this is because the baby is going to be adopted and the mother cannot cope with naming the child - it gives the baby more of an identity and makes it harder for the mother.
Whether or not the child has been named in column 2, it is possible - by using Column 10 - to alter the name. The reason for this stems from the fact that the Church of England was the established church in existence before civil registration. Names by baptism in 1837 were considered of greater importance than names by civil registration and so the facility was given for the name to be changed by baptism provided the baptism took place within one year of the date of registration. The two critical words here are "baptism" and "registration", Provided the baptism was done within the year the actual change of name in the registers could be done many years later.
The change of name could be by adding a name, taking one out, altering the order, changing them totally, changing the spelling. I suspect that where it is a problem in finding an ancestor, one reason is that the child was registered in one name, baptised in another but the registration not brought up to date. Where a name has been altered by baptism or change of name and added to the register, the indexes should have been updated to show the new name.
These days the same facility to change the name has been extended by offering a "change of name" form for those whose children are not or cannot be baptised into the Christian church.
Children registered with two first names are frequently called by the second. One of my husband's family had 10 sons, all with two first names, and all those that survived without fail were called by the second one. This is fine if somewhere there is an indication that there was a first element not being used but if they marry and are in the census and die as Frederick it is difficult to match that with the birth registration index for William F.
Where a child was illegitimate with no fathers details in the register it is quite common to find a name such as William Johnston in column 2 which might possibly suggest a surname for the father of the child.
For the surname of the child you have to look at Column 4 or Column 6 where the parents names are recorded but I will look at that when I get there.
Unlike many countries there is no proscribed list of names from which the parents must choose. The only prohibitions on names are that they must not be blasphemous or obscene. If the parents wish to name their child Humpty Dumpty they can. Similarly there is no prescribed list of spellings for names either so you sometimes get very strange spellings in the name column - either because the parent chooses a name that they have no idea how to spell (amazingly frequent) or because they deliberately choose to spell it in the most obscure fashion possible to make the child different. (They aren't going to have to go through life spelling it to everyone of course). Hope I am not treading on too many toes here!
Names can be very helpful in placing an approximate age on someone. A surprising number of people have a second name that is the place of a famous battle or after a soldier hero or politician or pop star or whatever.
Even more baffling are the people that have a name that bears no resemblance to any of their given names. Right now my father is sharing a 2 bed ward in hospital with someone whose proper name is evidently James but is always called Bill. My favourite of the moment was the man called Nicholas Curry who was always called Harry (You might have to think about that one - give you a clue - try reading it as Hari).
My fathers half-uncle was registered as Luther but every single further reference to him is to Reuben. That was because his father registered him as Luther and his mother didn't like it and refused to use it so he was always Reuben. Since we know that was the case it hasn't caused a problem but once you've gone past the oral history stage it can cause great problems.
I am sure there are thousands of you out there with further examples!
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Now we are beginning to get to the REALLY interesting parts! Before 1969 the sex of the child was denoted by boy or girl and after that date by male or female. And you would think that was the end of the matter but you have to remember that the information is only as accurate as the person giving it makes it.
There have been mistakes made in the sex of the child. It can always be a problem if the child is being given a name which does not denote a sex e.g. Alex. Would you know automatically what sex a child named Storm or Aston is? And if the parents go in for very obscure names from mythology or strange first names which are part of the family tradition it can be even more difficult. Especially where parents are illiterate and cannot read the register for themselves to check it is right, it is quite possible for mistakes to be made in any part of the information including the sex of the child.
Sometimes is quite possible to be mistaken about the sex of a baby. I know it doesn't sound likely, but believe me it happens. I have an acquaintance who proudly phoned everyone to say his first child was a boy and then had to phone everyone again the next day to say - oops - actually its a girl!
And on very rare occasions there are children born for whom it is very difficult indeed to ascertain the sex.
On both my husbands side of the family and mine there is a case of a child baptised as one sex but registered and named as the other. In one case it is fairly clear what has happened. The parents of the child were called John and Ann and the male child was registered and called John after his father but was baptised as a female child Ann after her mother. As a baptism is often written into the baptismal register sometime after the event it is possible that the minister could only remember that the child was named after one of its parents and got it wrong or the parents were not too sober at the christening!
In the other case there is at least some information because 60 years later the sex and name had to be determined in law because of a court case over a will (or lack of it). It would seem as though the first child of a marriage was born on 15th Nov 1842 and registered as a male, Joseph. However, by the time of the baptism in June the following year the child was named as a female called Mary. Each of the surviving 5 sisters and brothers of Mary had to swear that they had never had a brother called Joseph and that Mary was the eldest surviving child of their parents. (Mary was definitely female as she had a family). It was not possible to squeeze two pregnancies in to the time scale and there was no death and no family recollection of a Joseph. While it is possible that a baptism was entered incorrectly because it was often written up sometime after the event, it is less likely that this sort of simple mistake was made at registration as that is completed and signed at the time. One can only wonder what happened at the registration. Did Joseph - the father of the baby - misunderstand the registrar's questioning?
It is quite possible for the sex of the child to be mistaken at birth although the mistake is usually very quickly realised. So if you have someone in the family who seems to have been born but never died or married and you have another one of the opposite sex of roughly the same age for whom you cannot find a birth registration........maybe?
I can't be alone in having some odd goings-on in my past!
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I am sorry if anyone gets upset at this section, but there is still a fundamental difference between the way children born inside and outside of marriage are registered because there are still differences in law between the two. For example inheritance was affected by legitimacy in the past and nationality of a child still is.
Whether father is entered in the register depends on two factors - were the couple married (always entered) and what date the registration was made (maybe - maybe not).
The early registrations between 1837 and approximately 1850 are a little mixed. The Act of Parliament of 1836 reads "And it be enacted that the father or mother of every child born in England................shall within 42 days next after the day of every such birth give information upon being requested so to do to the Registrar, according to the best of his or her knowledge and belief of the several particulars hereby required to be known and registered touching the birth of such child provided always that it shall not be necessary to register the name of any father of a bastard child."
Now some registrars interpreted that quite freely and put father in even where the couple were not married and only mother or someone else was signing the register and some did not allow fathers details to be entered in the register. By about 1850 the situation had been clarified and the instructions read quite clearly "No putative father is to be allowed to sign an entry in the character of "Father" ". From that time, therefore there are 2 kinds of entries in the register
(1) Where the parents were married to one another, fathers details must be entered in the register and only one parent will sign the register (or some other informant)
(2) Where the parents were not married to one another there will be blanks in Column 4 (fathers name) and Column 6 (his occupation).
This situation lasted until the Registration Act of 1875 where the instruction read "The putative father of an illegitimate child cannot be required as father to give information respecting the birth. The name, surname and occupation of the putative father of an illegitimate child must not be entered except at the joint request of the father and mother; in which case both the father and mother must sign the entry as informants". There are therefore 3 kinds of entry after this Act:
(1) Described above
(2) Described above
(3) Where the parents are not married to one another but both attended the register office together, fathers details are entered in Column 4 and Column 6 and both parents sign. Looked at a different way - if both parents have signed in Column 7 regardless of what names they are using then the parents were not married to one another at the time of the birth of the child.
This situation lasted until 1953 when the same 3 entries could still be made but there were other ways in which father when not married to mother could be included in the entry without being present to sign but I don't think this later period will be of interest to most family historians so I haven't included it. If a mother was widowed before the birth of her legitimate baby the entry will show (deceased) after fathers name.
The child will take its surname from that of father in Column 4 where the parents were married and from mother in Column 5 if they were not married and fathers name is not entered. The child could take either surname if it was a joint entry and both mother and fathers surnames are shown but are different.
The name given for father is the name he was known by at the time of the birth of the baby. These days if the father has changed his name between his own birth and that of his child he could be entered in the register as John SMITH formerly known as John GRAY but that was not the case until fairly recently. If a man adopted his stepfather's name or that of the family who brought him up or used his fathers name even though only mothers was shown on his birth certificate, you are going to have a problem going back any more generations. You have to remember that until the recent advances in fertility treatment - the maternity of the child has never been in doubt but the paternity is known only to the mother! Seriously - it is the reason why the mother has always been the prime informant for the birth of a child even since 1837.
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Column 5 of a birth certificate shows the name, and previous names if any, of the mother of the baby. There are several combinations of name possible. If a woman has not been married there will be a sole entry for her name e.g. Martha Robinson. If a woman has ever been married there will be two names shown for her e.g. Martha Robinson formerly Wheeler. If a woman has been married more than once the names shown will be e.g. Martha Robinson late Wheeler formerly Gregory. If a woman has been married, all previous names should be shown whether the baby being registered was legitimate or not.
In later records it is possible to find a mother registered along the lines of Margaret Blinco otherwise Margaret Joel. This shows that she was using a name to which she didn't have legal entitlement e.g. she was living with someone called Blinco and using his name but was not married to him. Margaret Blinco otherwise Margaret Joel formerly Smith would show that she started life as a Smith, married and became Joel and was now living with someone and using his name.
The format of the registers changed in 1969 so that if a woman had married more than twice before her present marriage not all her previous married names would be shown.
It is important to remember that the definition of the maiden surname in registration is NOT the surname at birth but is the surname used at the first marriage. So someone who was born Ellen Hudson but who had changed her name to her stepfather's surname of Culshaw before she was married would have a maiden surname of Culshaw not Hudson. The reason for that is when tracing back , the next step would be to find the marriage of a child's parents and so it is necessary to look for the names used at marriage. The marriage certificate should show the natural fathers name not the stepfathers and so therefore you would have the birth name. That's the theory! The practice is often different as we know.
Married women never apparently had an occupation! Being a wife and mother was all the occupation they were allowed. This was not altered until the late 1980's after a threatened legal action, when women were finally allowed to have an occupation shown against their name and only in the last few years has there been a dedicated space for a mother's occupation. However, mothers of illegitimate children had an occupation shown - one of the few compensations for finding illegitimacy.
All the problems associated with changes of name for one reason or another were covered in the tutorial on the fathers name.
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This is the occupation of the father. Column 4 and Column 6 go together. If there is no father shown in Column 4 then there will be no occupation shown in Column 6. If there is a father shown in Column 4 but a line drawn through Column 6 it means that the father did not have an occupation or perhaps was not employed at the time of the registration or the informant did not know what father did.
Only paid employment is shown and, as in the census, men only had legal and respectable jobs so you wont find pimp or burglar! On the other hand, before this century they probably had a more meaningful occupation than the ones you get at present - blacksmith, shepherd, coalporter or whatever rather than company director (owns his own windowcleaning company) or office administrator (files bits of paper). Informants can be modest about occupations as well aggrandising them.
Labourer might mean totally unskilled - heaving stuff about in a market - but could equally mean a quite specific skill e.g. many 'ag labs' (agricultural labourers) were quite specialised workers such as hay trussers.
Especially in the past, occupations would show status such as "of independent means".
If a father of a legitimate baby had died before his baby was born then Column 6 would read something on the lines of "Railway worker (deceased)."
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Starting with the signature. Once the entry has been checked by the informant, he or she signs in Column 7 - their usual signature. If the informant can't sign their name then they make a mark and the registrar completes it with the words "The mark of...........". If you see this on a certificate warning bells should start to ring. It means that the informant has been unable to check the information for himself/herself and the registrar has done the best possible. Especially where a family has a name that is unusual in the locality where they are now living and where they have a strong accent, it is going to be luck if the registrar hits on the correct spelling of it. After all how many of you would spell Kirkcudbright correctly if you did not already know how it was pronounced and spelt and you had someone in front of you saying Kecoobree?
If someone can sign their name but in a different script then they sign in Chinese or Arabic or whatever and the registrar write "The signature of............". Same problem really - the informants probably can't check for themselves.
A signature does not necessarily mean that the informant could read. Many people learnt to write their name but nothing else. In a way this is worse because you don't know if they could read or not!
Description of informant. The current list of eligible informants reads, in order of preference
(1) In all cases - mother
(2) Father - if he is married to mother
(3) Father and mother jointly where they are not married to one another
(4) A person present at the birth
(5) The owner or occupier of the house or institution
(6) The person in charge of the child
After 1875 a joint registration could be made by the mother and father of the baby together if they were not married. Before that fathers details could not be given (from about 1850 to 1875) and before that it is a little bit variable, see Column 4 .
(1) Mother - mother was usually not in doubt although it was not unknown in the past for grandmother to go the register office and register her daughter's illegitimate daughter as her own.
(2) Father - he is the second choice by preference because - by biology alone - mother knows she is the mother and only she really knows (or might do!) who the father is. There is an assumption in law, however, that unless told otherwise, the husband is the father of the baby.
(3) Father/Mother jointly. From 1875 only for couples who were not married. Both were present at the registration and both signed.
(4) Person present at the birth. This covers a wide range of people - could be grandmother, aunt, sister, midwife, neighbour. The more remote they are in kinship from the parents of the baby, the less likely they are to give accurate information.
(5) The owner or occupier of the house or institution. This includes the master of the workhouse, matron of a hospital, a relative or friend if the mother had gone to have the baby there.
(6) The person in charge of the child. This could be the father of an illegitimate child - he could not register as father and have his details as father included but he could do the registration. It could be the master of the workhouse if an unmarried mother died in childbirth - or equally any vague relative or kind neighbour who took the baby in.
These days it is pretty rare for anyone other than mother or father or both to register although all the other categories are very occasionally used to effect a registration if mother and/or father are not available for whatever reason. Eg I have seen "in charge of the child" in a registration where father of the baby was not known and mother was too mentally disabled to be capable of doing the registration.
The address of the informant. Remember that if a mother has a baby away from her own home and does not do the registration, you do not have an address for her. Addresses can be very vague before about 1880 - often just the name of the town or village is all that is given.
In 1837 the list included 1, 2, 4 and 5 and by 1875 the list looked much as today.
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This is very relevant to the indexes because birth, death and marriage indexes are compiled by the date of registration NOT the date of the event ( in marriages these 2 dates are usually the same but can be very different in births and deaths). So a baby born on eg 25th November 1851 that was not registered until 2nd January 1852 would be indexed in the March quarter for 1852 not the December quarter for 1851.
In the early days the parents had 3 weeks to register in and could not register at all after 3 months. After a while this was changed to 6 weeks to register in, a late registration could be made up to a year after the birth if the superintendent took the information and signed the register too, and registration could not take place after 1 year without reference to GRO. Once the delay was this long then proof of the event had to be provided by other parties who knew of this event eg midwife or doctor or siblings alive at the time and able to recall the event. Even now, if it is not possible to provide the proof and/or the people who can attest to the truth of the event it is not possible to register and there are people walking around today with no birth certificate.
It means, therefore, that a birth registered very late could be in the indexes a whole year later or more than expected. It is also relevant in that there were penalties for late registrations that were quite severe in the beginning and rather than get into trouble parents would "adjust" the date of birth to fall within the specified time for registration. If you have a discrepancy between a date of birth on a certificate and one given on a baptismal certificate, have a look at the date of registration. If it is very close to the six weeks, it is quite likely that the parents didn't tell the truth at registration but did at baptism where there were no penalties. There were no checks on the dates of birth until well into this century.
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This is not particularly relevant unless you have an ancestor who was a registrar! If the registrar AND the superintendent registrar have both signed in Column 9 then there was something unusual about the registration - such as a late one or a re-registration of a birth.
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This is for the entry of a name given after initial registration. This relates to the fact that before civil registration, the recording of the major life events was in the hands of the church and especially of course of the established church (Church of England). There was tremendous resistance to civil registration by the established church who felt (rightly as it happened) that people would stop baptising their children if they had an alternative piece of legal paper in a civil registration. And the church had had the power and responsibility for centuries.
If a child was registered without a forename and was then baptised, or if a child was registered with forenames that were changed at baptism - because baptism was in place before civil registration and was considered more important - then the facility was given to change the first names (but NOT the surname). These days the baptism must take place within one year of the date of registration but the alteration can be made to the register at any time once the baptism has been completed.
The importance of this is that very often a child had a name changed by baptism but the civil registration was not corrected. That means that the name used by the child will not match the indexes, which are amended if a space 10 correction is made. At baptism the names may be altered in order, changed in spelling, new ones put in, names taken out or changed totally. These days there is a facility for names to be changed without baptism because of course many people are of other faiths or do not go to church.
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text:
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Pack of 6 Gorgeous resin knobs

subset: commoncrawl


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A number of people have been experiencing difficulties in logging into the forum recently and have been repeatedly asked to authenticate their log in credentials or are told they have breached the number of allowable log in attempts.
This is being caused by hacking / spamming attempts. Spammers have realised they can no longer register on boards such as this as the question and answer and logic filters you went through when you first signed up bamboozle their automated programs. Instead they send out their 'bots' to trawl the web for active forums and harvest the names of users that have posted there. The 'bots' then return with a known username and try to 'guess' the associated password. The forum only allows three wrong log in attempts, which is why some of you may have been told you had tried to incorrectly log in too many times. It wasn't you it was the spammers trying to access your account.
I have reset back to zero anyone who had a login attempt greater than that figure which should allow any of you currently locked out to join in the 'fun' once more.
This may be a good time to review the strength of your password. Passwords that combine both UPPER and lower case letters as well as numb3r5 are far less prone to being hacked by the spammers. You can change your password by going into the User Control Panel > Profile > Edit Account Settings and entering the new password in the spaces provided (though you will first need to log in to do this).
Should you continue to experience difficulties you can mail me via the link beneath the forum.
Nick H.


text:
So there's the new, but now-familiar Volkswagen GTI with its 2.0-liter, direct-injected turbocharged engine that produces 217 hp.
Then there's the GTD, which has a 2.0-liter 182-hp diesel engine that produces 380 lb-ft of torque.
And there's even the GTE, a plug in hybrid that combines a 1.4-liter, 148-hp engine with a 75-kW electric motor.
In the U.S., the first is available. But what about the other two?
That's a question—among others—that we put to Oliver Schmidt, General Manager, Engineering & Environmental Office, Powertrain & Fuel Strategy, Volkswagen of America, in this edition of "Autoline After Hours."
Schmidt is well-versed in the VW powertrain strategy going forward, and he tells John McElroy of Autoline, Mark Phelan of the Detroit Free Press and me what he can about VW's approach to engines, noting that just because the company has something on sale in Europe (e.g., the GTD) doesn't mean that it necessarily makes sense for the U.S. market, even though there may be some (e.g., me) who think it is a wonderful car.
In addition to which, the panel discusses General Motors' on-going recall saga, as last week Mary Barra appeared before U.S. House Committee on Energy & Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations ("And I am not going to accept business as usual at GM. It's time — in fact, it's past time — to insist on total accountability and make sure that vital information is shared across all functions in our company… so we can unleash the full power of our 200,000 employees, our 21,000 dealers and our 23,000 suppliers.").
Also, the J.D. Power Initial Quality Survey results were released last week, as well, and the relevance of those numbers is also discussed—and it is somewhat more lively than you may image.
It's all here:


text:
Off Beat - January 2014
News - Email - Web
56 Years Served
56 Years Served
The Volkswagen Type 2 Microbus—the longest-produced model in the global automotive industry, is finally being retired in Brazil after 56 years of production. The blue VW Kombi Last Edition seen here is one out of only 600 that will be made before new safety regulations in the country force Volkswagen to phase it out. This model will retail for roughly $36K in American loot, and comes with a certificate of authenticity and a numbered plaque on the dashboard. The specialty interior features color-matched white and blue vinyl, a modern MP3 sound system complete with USB ports, and boasts an 1.4L inline-four that cranks 78 hp on gas and 80 hp on pure ethanol (compare that to its original 28hp 1.2L flat-four engine that ran from 1957-2005).
To... firstname.lastname@example.com
Cc... none
Subject: Pimp My Truck?
Cc... none
Subject: Pimp My Truck?
I am not sure if this is going to the right recipient, I am wondering how minitruckers get their truck sponcered, my boyfriend is building his truck now and he has so many ideas and things he wants to do but our budget is limited, I have seen stories about people who had sponcerships throughout the build that helped a lot, I am just wondering how to go about getting his truck sponsered. Any advice would be appreciated. Thanks,
Thanks, Amber
Dear Amber,
We do get asked how sponsorships work quite often, and sometimes people even ask US if we can sponsor their build—that's always a riot. Well, the best advice we can give you guys is to have a strong game plan in order before approaching any companies for free or discounted swag. We would say mandatory starting materials would include a well-written, spell-checked proposal and rendering showing the final product, and a tentative plan and list of shows you will be hauling (hopefully driving) the truck to once it's complete should be included too. Some manufacturers will be interested to know if the truck has gained the attention of fine publications (such as ours), and if it will be used as a feature story. Long story short, be ready to treat any potential sponsors fairly by living up to your word—don't try to be a sneaky pants just to get free stuff.
Browsin' Around
Accessories are abundant here, and there are some great finishing items that you'll be sure to want. There's way too much to list here, but check out Vintage Parts online.
Write Us At
Email: email@example.com
or Mini Truckin' Magazine
1733 Alton Parkway, Suite 100
Irvine, CA 92606
Email: email@example.com
or Mini Truckin' Magazine
1733 Alton Parkway, Suite 100
Irvine, CA 92606


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Cancer and its treatment can affect your ability to work. Some people can carry on working, either full-time or part-time, during treatment, but you may find that you want or need to give up work.
When either you or your partner has been diagnosed with cancer, you may want to give up work in order to cope with the cancer and its treatment, or to look after your partner. If work has been the major focus of your life, it can be difficult for you and your partner to adjust to one of you not working. If you are both at home all day, it will take time to get used to being with each other all of the time.
You may find that you can't continue working because of the cancer or the treatment. Or you may have to work shorter hours or different days. Cancer is covered by the Equality Act 2010 in England, Scotland and Wales or the Disability Discrimination Act in Northern Ireland. This means that an employer can't discriminate against anyone who has cancer or has had cancer in the past. Employers have a duty to make 'reasonable adjustments' to workplaces to make sure people with a disability aren't at a disadvantage to other people. If you're caring for someone with cancer, you have the right to request flexible working.
A diagnosis of cancer can affect your finances and may cause money problems. This can put a strain on your relationship and can be hard to cope with, especially when you are already coping with the cancer and its effects. You may find that you need to carry on working as much as possible for financial reasons.
Many people can give you advice on your financial situation. Getting some advice early on may save you a lot of time and energy. You can speak to the social worker at the hospital, your local Jobcentre office and your local Citizens Advice. It may help to contact an independent financial adviser, as they can assess your individual situation and recommend the best course of action.
Our sections on help with the cost of cancer and work and cancer provide more details. We also have information on working while caring for someone with cancer.


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LONDON (Reuters) - Barclays (BARC.L) warned on Friday it may have to cut lending if it is forced to act quickly to meet new financial targets imposed by regulators, but the Bank of England said it will not accept any plans that hurt lending.
The central bank's Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) last week surprised investors by telling banks they needed to have a 3 percent leverage ratio, and said Barclays fell short with a ratio of only 2.5 percent after adjustments.
The ratio measures capital against total loans and some bankers argue it penalizes low-risk, high-volume businesses like trade finance and mortgage lending.
The PRA gave Barclays and mutual Nationwide, the only other major lender to fall short, until the end of July to say how they will improve.
Barclays Chief Executive Antony Jenkins said on Friday Barclays would achieve the target by 2015 under its existing plans.
"We have options to accelerate with minor income effects, but an aggressive acceleration requirement from the PRA would require additional actions," he said, adding that might include squeezing "lending to the UK and other economies, which is something we want to avoid."
That creates a dilemma for the regulator, which is trying to encourage banks to lend to revive economic growth. Barclays and Nationwide were the only two firms whose net UK lending was more than 1 billion pounds ($1.5 billion) in the first quarter.
A Bank of England spokeswoman said in a statement: "We have made it very clear that any plans that restrict lending to the economy will not be accepted."
Jenkins said he expected to reach agreement with the PRA in the next four weeks.
"Given our starting point, we expect the July discussions will center on possible acceleration," he told analysts and investors before the start of a presentation.
Jenkins said the leverage ratio was a "crude" measure and should only be used to supplement a capital measure based on how risky assets are perceived to be, or risk-weighted assets (RWA).
Barclays said in its presentation its investment bank plans to continue to shrink and reshape to improve returns and cut risk, and estimated the unit's risk-weighted assets would drop to 210-230 billion pounds by the end of 2015, from 257 billion at the end of last year.
The investment bank contributes the bulk of Barclays' profits, but the business has come under fire for creating the aggressive risk-taking culture which bosses say they are trying to rein in.
The investment bank is targeting a return on equity of 14 percent by 2015, excluding its legacy assets. That is above the group's RoE target of 11.5 percent.
The investment bank has retrenched in mainland Europe and Asia and said its main focus is on the United States and Britain. Its advisory business has cut staff and monthly costs by 15 percent in the year to the end of April. In commodities and equities, staff cuts were 18 percent and 16 percent respectively. ($1 = 0.6577 British pounds)
Editing by Clare Hutchison; Editing by Ruth Pitchford


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The MX-5 Miata roadster is powered by a 155-hp direct injection SKYACTIV-G 2.0-liter inline four-cylinder engine, which is mated to either a six-speed manual or optional six-speed automatic transmission with steering wheel mounted paddle shifters. Trim levels include Sport, Club and Grand Touring, standard safety equipment on all trims include dual front airbags, seat mounted side impact airbags, stability and traction control, tire pressure monitoring, engine immobilizer and anti-lock brakes with electronic brake-force distribution. The top-of-the-line Grand Touring trim is also standard with blind spot monitoring, rear cross traffic alert, lane departure warning and adaptive headlights with high beam control. The MAZDA CONNECT system is standard on the Club and GT and it includes a 7-inch touchscreen, HD radio, internet radio, SMS messaging and emergency 911 notification.
For 2016, the MX-5 Miata has been completely redesigned top to bottom with the goal of shedding weight and increasing performance over the previous generation.


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En:HOWTO: Manual Partitioning with Sabayon Linux
This is a visual walk through about manually partitioning your Harddisc, during the setup of Sabayon Linux.
then select the free space where we want to install our Sabayon and Click on create.
You will be asked what kind of partition you want.
The first partition to create is the /boot partition. As file system type, i've chosen ext4.
Click again on create.
Now we're going to create a swap partition, as for the size I've chosen 1500Mb that is a decent space but you can choose more if you have more than 1Gb ram.
Then we need to create a root partition as before.
For the root partition we're going to use all our free space left, and as for the fs type...I've chosen ext4 but basically
This is our final configuration so far.
|Now just keep select next to confirm everything, and Let the installer to Format your new Partitions.
When done installing, Sabayon asks you to reboot.


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After the Town Meeting Day polls closed last Tuesday, our crew in the newsroom delivered up-to-the second results for towns across the county. As the numbers rolled in, we hustled to get them out to you ASAP.
Thanks to all of the town officials who provided that heavy slate of information after an exhausting day of voting, and thanks to all of you night owls who tuned in! For everyone who couldn't make it, or wants to rekindle that evening, you can replay the live coverage by clicking on the window below.
See you general election night for more live coverage of election results!


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Damo The Prince - You Already Know [Unsigned Hype]
Twist reports "Damo's second video You Already Know features damo riding thru the strip of las vegas and filmed the rest in front of our studio in las vegas.....come ride with the Independent Champs wit 50,000 mixtapes in the streets of california,memphis and las vegas its time for the world to meet Damo the Prince..already featured in the source and was on source unsigned hype tour..new street album in streets next month "ITS MY TURN NOW" hosted by Dj LiL Larry of the Aphilliates all original songs "
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


text:
Born of love. Crafted with goodness. Made in New Zealand.
100% Sourced From New Zealand
Ethical Farming
Free from
allergy inducing low-cost fillers
96% fresh meat,
organs, bone & seafood
Feed better and feed less, find out how
Slow & gentle
twin stage air-drying process
Natural Can Recipes
With No Artificial Binders
All of our grass-fed meat and fresh seafood is sourced from sustainably managed, local farms that exceed strict New Zealand standards.


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Justice George B. Bradley was born on February 5, 1825 in Greene, NY. From 1872 to 1873 he was a member of the Constitutional Commission and he was a State Senator from 1874 to 1877.
Bradley served as a Justice of the State Supreme Court from 1884 to 1897. In 1890, he was one of seven Supreme Court justices named by Gov. David B. Hill to a Second Division of the Court of Appeals, created as a separate body to assist with an "overcrowded calendar [that] called for judicial reinforcement" (Sullivan 111). Bradley served on this Second Division from March 1889 to October 1892. On February 21, 1896 he was designated by Gov. Morton to hold special terms of the Supreme Court at the Steuben County Court House in Corning, NY. Then, on September 30, 1896, he was designated by Gov. Morton as an Associate Justice of the Appellate Division, Second Department, his term ending December 31, 1897.
Bradley died at his home in Corning, NY on January 9, 1916 at the age of 91.
"A Retired Judge to Resume." New York Times (1857-1922): 1. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007). Oct 01 1896. Web. 14 Sep. 2011 http://search.proquest.com/docview/95444704?accountid=8012.
"Ex-Justice George B. Bradley." New York Times (1857-1922): 11. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007). Jan 10 1916. Web. 24 Aug. 2011 http://search.proquest.com/docview/98026152?accountid=8012. "George Beckwith Bradley." The Judges of the New York Court of Appeals: A Biographical History. Ed. Albert M. Rosenblatt. Fordham UP, The Historical Society of the Courts of the State of New York, 2007. 1009. Print.
Sullivan, James, ed. History of New York State 1523-1927. Vol. V. Lewis Historical. The Historical Society of the Courts of the State of New York. Web. 14 Sept. 2011. http://www.nycourts.gov/history/pdf/Library/History/Sullivan_History_of_New_York_State.pdf.
"To Hold Special Terms of Court: Ex-Justice Bradley Authorized by Gov. Morton to Act." New York Times (1857-1922): 9. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007). Feb 22 1896. Web. 14 Sep. 2011 http://search.proquest.com/docview/95454318?accountid=8012.


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Browse by Medical Category
Wednesday, March 10, 2010
How a Mass General patient overcame the near impossible
Even under the most challenging odds, patients can make remarkable, unexpected recoveries.
Barbara Collard is one such patient. After suffering a severe stroke in July 2008, she has made a recovery that would astound even the most seasoned of physicians. Collard suffered a serious brain stem stroke, a deadly condition that affects the blood supply to areas of the brain vital to the body's basic life support functions. Initial scans had indicated that this part of her brain was severely damaged, but some patients can recover neurologic function in the part of the brain if blood flow is re-established quickly. Collard's seemingly miraculous recovery reminds physicians that standard protocols of therapy must be viewed in combination with individual patient circumstances. "Every stroke patient has a unique lesion, medical condition and physiologic response," said Dr. James Rabinov, MD, an interventional neuroradiologist in the Massachusetts General Hospital Vascular Center. "We need to do our best to consider all of these within the algorithms we have established with our Neurology colleagues.""I'm having a stroke"Despite her excitement about her granddaughter's birthday party, Barbara woke up "feeling out of sorts." She spent the Sunday afterward in bed with fatigue. "I thought I had some sort of bug," she said. On Tuesday Barbara was feeling better and went to her office at Bristol Community College. However, by mid-morning she recalls that her arms were shaking, and then she suddenly collapsed at her desk. Two EMTs who were nearby responded to a call for help and stayed with her until an ambulance arrived to rush her to Charlton Hospital in Fall River, Massachusetts. Doctors at Charlton Hospital intubated Collard and quickly arranged for her to be airlifted to Mass General. A team of stroke neurologists and neuroradiologists, led by Dr. Natalia Rost, a neurologist with the Mass General Stroke Service, were waiting for her in the Emergency Department and immediately initiated a series of tests to diagnose the type and severity of stroke she was suffering. An acute neurologic examination found that Collard was unresponsive to a variety of physical and verbal stimuli. This corresponded to score of 31 on the NIH Stroke Scale, a standardized method used by neurologists to measure the level of impairment caused by a stroke. Collard's high score indicated a severe impairment and possibly a poor prognosis. A CT angiogram revealed that Collard had a blockage of her left vertebral artery in the neck and that a clot had moved into the basilar artery, which supplies the brain stem. An MRI supported this potentially dismal prognosis. The tissue of the brain stem showed marked changes on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) caused by the blockage of blood flow. Medical literature shows that with good reliability these images can predict the extent of neuronal death within an hour of onset. "Embolic strokes in the posterior circulation are a life threatening situation," said Dr. Rabinov. "This area controls awareness and motor function, so we have to work efficiently."Treatment OptionsStroke is one of the leading causes of serious, long-term disability in the United States. There are approximately 500,000 stroke cases each year. Two types can occur, hemorrhagic (when a blood vessel ruptures and blood leaks into the brain) and ischemic (when a vessel becomes narrow or blocked limiting blood flow to the brain). Recognizing the signs of stroke quickly is critical because the treatments are time sensitive. According to the American Heart Association, warning signs of acute stroke can include:
Treatment with a clot dissolving drug called tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been found to be effective for ischemic stroke if the patient receives it intravenously (IV) within three hours of onset of symptoms. Endovascular treatment to deliver tPA in the artery at the site of the clot or retrieval of the clot are considered options for patients up to 9 hours following stroke onset. These procedures are performed by Interventional Neuroradiologists who are skilled at this delicate procedure. For Collard, her diagnosis came too late for IV administration of tPA, so her doctors met with her husband of 24 years and her five daughters to explain their options. "The most dramatic aspect of the case may have been the discussion with the family on how to proceed with her care," said Dr. Rost. "No one is prepared to make these decisions for their loved ones, so we try to walk them through the treatment options." "We talked with them about the range of possible outcomes. We were not sure if she would have much quality of life, but her situation was not hopeless," said Dr. Rabinov. "It was both a medical and emotional decision, and the family chose to give her every possible chance."Intervention and RecoveryDr. Rabinov performed an endovascular treatment targeting the blood clot causing the severe stroke in the basilar artery. He navigated a catheter through her blood vessels to the site of the clot and used a variety of techniques, including the use of tPA within the clot, and eventually restored blood flow in the left vertebral artery and the basilar artery. Dr. Rost was working in parallel throughout the procedure, helping to make treatment decisions, monitoring the systemic indicators for her future neurological health, and keeping the family updated about the team's progress.
"We kept her asleep overnight, but the next day she began to regain strength very quickly," said Dr. Rabinov. Collard spent the next seven days in the Neurointensive Care Unit at MGH and in total spent 16 days in the hospital. She was transferred to Rehabilitation Hospital of Cape Cod and the Islands where she continued her remarkable recovery. "My whole right side was gone," she said. "I couldn't walk, talk or eat, but the next week I was on my feet moving around. I worked hard because I wanted to talk again. I have too many grandchildren to enjoy, and I'm too young to be stuck in a wheelchair." Collard says her husband was by her side everyday helping her toward each breakthrough at rehab. "The biggest step forward was getting the tracheostomy removed," she said of the tube that was placed to help her breathe. "I really enjoyed tasting my first cup of coffee after that." Collard was at the rehab hospital for another two weeks before returning home to New Bedford. After frequent rehab sessions for nearly a year, she is walking without a can and has no trouble with her speech. "I didn't recognize her the first time she came to my clinic for a follow up appointment," said Dr. Rost. "I was in the waiting room expecting someone in a wheelchair, and she was just standing there smiling at me. Moreover, she has continued to improve every time I have seen her since."Learning From Her CaseDr. Rabinov explained that it is very rare that doctors are able to impact the outcome of a stroke patient as sick and close to death as Collard. Brain scans prior to her procedure show that most of the neurons in the brain stem appeared to be dead. This usually is a poor indication for recovery. "If you look at our database, she is one of the most severely affected cases we have ever seen," said Dr. Rost. "You can open the blood vessels but if the brain tissue is dead, function will not return." Follow up MRIs of Collard's brain uncovered some unexpected surprises. The seemingly dead tissue appeared to have recovered once blood flow was restored.
"We postulate that her blood vessels helped her out with some collateral circulation. It may have allowed a small amount of oxygen supply to the ischemic tissue near the blockage. By opening the blockage some of the injured tissue could recover." The case study has been accepted for publication in a medical journal so that other doctors can learn from it. "I'm amazed at how I came through it all; just amazed," said Collard. "I hope I can offer some hope that it is possible to survive a brain stem stroke. It can be done."
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Children's Health
Shirley Gatenio Gabel
The history of social work is deeply rooted in helping vulnerable populations improve their well-being, and children have been at the forefront of these efforts since the inception of the profession. Health is long understood to be critical to children's well-being. Social workers who are skilled in integrating different systems can play pivotal roles in engineering new and improving existing health-care infrastructures and can act as advocates for fusing health-service systems with other social infrastructures to optimize outcomes for children. This entry reviews trends in children's health throughout the world, particularly in the United States. It describes the dramatic improvements in reducing infant mortality, child mortality and morbidity from many infectious diseases as well as accidental and environmental causes, and the unequal progress in realizing children's health. The challenges that lie ahead that pose risks to children's health are discussed, including the health inequities created among and within countries by social, economic, and political factors. An argument for a comprehensive, integrated, evidence-based, and cross-disciplinary approach to improve children's future health is presented.
Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People
Martha A. Sheridan and Barbara J. White
Effective social work practice with deaf and hard-of-hearing people requires a unique, and diverse, collection of knowledge, values, skills, and ethical considerations. Salient issues among this population are language, communication, and educational choices, interpreting, assistive devices, cochlear implants, genetics, culture, and access to community resources. Competencies at micro, mezzo, and macro levels with a deaf or hard-of-hearing population include knowledge of the psychosocial and developmental aspects of hearing loss, fluency in the national sign language, and an understanding of deaf cultural values and norms. In the United States, the use of American Sign Language (ASL) is the single most distinguishing factor that identifies deaf people as a linguistic minority group. This entry presents an overview of the practice competencies and intervention approaches that should be considered in working with deaf and hard-of-hearing people, their families, communities, and organizations. It introduces the knowledge base, diversity in community and cultural orientations, social constructions, and international perspectives, current research and best practices, interdisciplinary connections, trends, challenges, and implications for effective social work practice with this population. An integrative strengths-based transactional paradigm is suggested.
Early Brain Development for Social Work Practice
Terri Combs-Orme
Development of the brain in the first 3 years of life is genetically programmed but occurs in response to environmental stimuli. The brain is organized "from the bottom up," that is, from simpler to more complex structures and functions, so the experiences and environment that shape early development have consequences that reach far into the future. This entry describes the ontogeny and processes of fetal and infant brain development, as well as major risks to early brain development (during pregnancy and after birth), with emphasis on the factors seen in social-work practice. Neuroscience research is changing social work practice, and understanding early brain development and the contributors to poor development is critical for social workers in medical, mental health, child welfare, and other practice settings.
HIV/AIDS: Children
Larry D. Icard, Jacqueline J. Lloyd, and Gisoo Barnes
HIV/AIDS has introduced an array of issues and needs for children, youth, and their families. Family-focused interventions have emerged as a viable strategy for researchers and practitioners seeking effective and appropriate responses for the prevention, treatment, and care of children, youth, and families affected by HIV/AIDS. This discussion provides an overview of the epidemiology of HIV infection among children and youth, and highlights common elements and trends in the development, implementation, and testing of family-focused interventions. The discussion concludes with a commentary on areas for future attention.
Home-based Interventions
Susan F. Allen and Elizabeth M. Tracy
Home visiting and home-based intervention are two strategies used by social workers when working with individuals or families in direct practice. The basic rationale for home-based work is the benefit to social workers' assessments and understanding of clients, as well as the benefit of more relevant practice with families who are seen in the setting where difficulties are occurring. Home-based interventions have been shown to be effective in improving health and decreasing family discord. When visiting the home, the social worker has the added responsibility of respecting the privacy of families as a guest in their homes.
Improving the Self-Esteem and Social Skills of Students with Learning Disabilities
James C. Raines
Learning disabilities (LD) are the most common disability in public schools. Since 1975, students with learning disabilities have been eligible for a free appropriate public education, including special services such as school social work. Students with LD may be diagnosed via standardized achievement measures and clinical assessment. Despite 40 years of progress, the evidence suggests that students with LD still feel stigmatized and finish college and enter the workplace at a rate much lower than their nondisabled peers. School social workers can assist students with learning disabilities by assessing their self-esteem and social skills and then providing appropriate intervention. Self-esteem interventions should target students with LD, their parents, and their peers in the least restrictive environment. Social skills interventions may target students with LD as a separate group or provide those skills as part of universal inclusive education aimed at all children in the classroom.
Intellectual Disabilities
Leah Igdalsky
Social workers working with individuals with intellectual disabilities and their families require an understanding of the disabilities themselves as well as the larger context of disability in society. Individuals with disabilities face particular risks for poverty and poor healthcare, and it is essential for social workers to understand the complex web of social services available. Furthermore, social workers often work not only with the person with a disability but also with their caregiving families.
Maternal and Child Health
Valire Carr Copeland and Daniel Hyung Jik Lee
Social reform efforts of the settlement-house movement have provided, in part, the foundation for today's Maternal and Child Health Bureau's policies, programs, and services. Planning, implementing, and evaluating policies and programs that affect the health and well-being of mothers and children require a multidisciplinary approach. Social workers, whose skills encompass direct services, advocacy, planning and research, community development, and administration, have a critical role to play in improving the health outcomes of maternal and child populations.


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Updated: 2 March 2015
Hong Kong-based Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts broke ground for a resort on 145 acres on the southern coast of Sri Lanka on 25 February 2012. Shangri-La's Hambantota Resort and Spa, Sri Lanka will complement Shangri-La Hotel, Colombo, which is currently under construction in the capital. The resort is due to open in 2016 and the two properties mark the entry of the hotel group into Sri Lanka, often referred to as "The Pearl of the Indian Ocean.' The southern coast of Sri Lanka is renowned for its natural beauty and is rich in cultural heritage.
Shangri-La's Hambantota Resort and Spa, Sri Lanka will be surrounded by an 18-hole golf course, coconut plantations and sand dunes to the south. Built along the shoreline, the resort will offer 300 rooms including 26 suites ranging in size from 48 square metres to 240 square metres. All rooms will offer balconies of the ocean breezes.
The resort grounds are a natural extension to the region's wildlife habitat. Yala and Bundala National Parks, Sri Lanka's bird watching destinations, and over 40 heritage sites are within easy reach. To complement the local biodiversity, Shangri-La's Hambantota Resort and Spa will implement Sanctuary, Shangri-La's Care for Nature Project. The resort is currently consulting with local environmental organizations to determine a conservation programme for identified endangered species. An Eco Centre will be built on site, to teach and educate guests, colleagues and local schoolchildren about environmental awareness. In keeping with its natural setting the resort's hot water will be produced using solar energy.
CHI, The Spa at Shangri-La will feature ten treatment rooms, a beauty salon and health club. A dive center, a kids' club, a 30-metre lap pool plus additional formless pool, one tennis court and retail facilities will offer recreational opportunities for business travellers and families alike.
Food and beverage outlets will include a lobby lounge, an all day dining restaurant, Asian specialty and North Indian restaurants as well as two pool bars and Golf clubhouse lounge. Multi-purpose function space at over 2,525 square meters and various pavilions offer versatile options for conferences, meetings, weddings and celebrations.
Together with Shangri-La Hotel, Colombo the hotels will fit strategically into the group's ongoing expansion plans to link the Indian subcontinent and the South East Asia developments.
The Sri Lankan properties will be fully integrated into the local community from the very beginning, offering employment opportunities and infrastructural support. In addition, both hotels will adopt Embrace, Shangri-La's Care for People Project and work with local children's organizations on health and/or education programmes over a long-term period in need areas such as school materials, infrastructure improvement, hygiene and nutrition. The hotel is in the process of identifying eligible schools. In Hambantota, these schools will be within the villages that surround the temple and the immediate livelihood centres of fishing ports and farmlands, to ensure that the project will work closely with the parents and families of the students.
At the same time, Shangri-La recognizes the unique opportunity presented to hone a new generation of tourism talent in Sri Lanka. Both properties are committed to employing the majority of its workforce locally and they will commence a "Hospitality Traineeship Programme". Young adults participating in the 15 to 18 months programme will start with basic skill courses in the front office, food and beverage service, kitchen, landscaping and gardens. Successful candidates will then continue to be placed in selected Shangri-La hotels globally until the properties in Sri Lanka are ready for pre-opening work.
今すぐアプリをダウンロード&サインイ ン


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The depot's floor plan
I found the following description of the L&N passenger depot in Hopkinsville, KY, in Buildings and Structures of American Railroads by Warren Gilman Berg. It was published in 1893, just one year after the Hopkinsville depot was built. Many details mentioned by Berg can still be observed today, but the stucco on the building's exterior seems to have been added since then.
I believe the floor plan of the depot was accidentally reversed in the book, so I changed it (image appears below) to what I think the building is in real life. Readers from Hopkinsville, please correct me if I'm wrong. Also, I altered some of the original punctuation of this passage, and I divided some of the paragraphs to make them easier to read on a screen.
|Tower at the corner of
the ladies waiting room
The main feature of the exterior is the tower at the corner of the ladies' waiting-room and the large circular bay-window projection of the agent's office at the centre of the building, which, combined with the cupola on the corner tower, the ridge-cresting and ornamental gable fronts, together with the general finish of the building, causes it to present a very handsome appearance.
|The "circular bay-window projection"
of the agent's office next to tracks
The ground-floor is divided into:
- a ladies' waiting-room, 17 ft. X 20 ft., with an octagonal alcove inside the tower at the corner of the room;
- a ladies' toilet-room, 5 ft. X 8 ft. 6 in.;
- an agent's office, 14 ft. X 17 ft., with ticket-windows leading into the ladies' waiting-room, the general waiting-room, and the colored waiting-room;
- a colored waiting-room, 14 ft. X 14 ft.;
- a general waiting-room, 20 ft. X 24 ft.; and
- a baggage-room, 16 ft. X 18 ft.
|Note: The platform and train tracks were on the east side of the building.
"Colored" people had to walk around the bulding to reach the boarding area.
The exterior of the building is sheathed with horizontal and upright ornamental boarding, in panels, ornamental shingles and square panelling frieze-work and gable fronts. The doors leading into the ladies' waiting-room and the general waiting-room are double doors, 5 ft. X 7 ft. 6 in., with transom overhead. The lower sash of the windows have one large pane of glass, while the upper sash are surrounded with a border of small stained-glass lights.
Seen at Hopkinsville's L&N Depot
Hopkinsville's Railroad


text: JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Jan. 29, 2005) - Today's men's basketball game between ETSU and ASU scheduled for 4:00 p.m. at Memorial Center has been postponed. The game will be rescheduled for a later date. The Mountain States Health Alliance Buccaneer Sports Network broadcast of the men's game, as well as the Lady Bucs game with Chattanooga at 7:00 p.m. will not air.


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So what is this all about? Well, installing Project Spark!
By downloading this tool and running it, in a few simple steps you'll get your Project Spark! Please note I am not affiliated to Team Dakota or Microsoft and work on my own. Everything here has been obtained legally and the script made by myself. This tool is due to evolve and is still in early state, but does the job for most of us. Make sure to register on this forum to be kept uptodate about future developments and improvements.
I do feel sorry for Xbox One users, but no solutions were yet found, but I keep good faith that one will emerge soon or later
A Microsoft archive still contains a valid link to the app: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/store/p/project-spark/9wzdncrfhw95 Give it a try, it works for some, for others not. The account activation won't happen even if you get it from there. Some simple steps to maybe get you a working copy from this technic are:
- Download /install from the above link
- Check if it's working, if not:
- Contact MS support, tell them you have Project Spark, but it's not letting you in, telling you to use the account used to purchase Project Spark. !!DO NOT MENTION YOU DID DOWNLOAD FROM THIS ARCHIVE LINK!! Not a word, tell them you own it since long, can't remember when, blablabla
- They will see on your account that you actually own Project Spark and will try to make your account able to access the service.
- No good returns from this technic yet, but who knows, if enough people annoy them....
Instructions (Windows 10)
Please do follow these steps carefully to make sure you get Project Spark installed without any problems. Make sure to turn off hibernation on your computer, if you plan to leave it to download, or the download will be cut when the computer goes to sleep
- Download the latest script
- Extract it where ever you want using your favorite archiver (winrar, winzip, 7zip, gunzip or any will do)
- Set you computer to sideload apps. In Windows 10, go to "settings" and to "Security and Update". Then chose the last option on the left "For developpers". You will be presented three options, chose the middle one "Sideload apps". Accept the warning Windows will shoot
- Run the tool with admin elevation. To do so just right click DeployProjectSpark.bat and choose "Run as admin"
- Follow the instructions on screen
- Sit tight and relax, the download is long (>2Go)
Make sure to report any problem encountered on this forum and I will gladly assist and update the script to correct any problem
Instructions (Windows 8)
This is under test, might not work yet, please report
Windows 8 doesn't support app sideloading by default. You can activate that though...
- Download this little script to activate sideloading
- Run the tool with admin elevation
- Follow onscreen instructions
- Close the tool and follow Windows 10 instructions above
#downloadprojectspark #projectspark #installprojectspark #sparkon #getprojectspark #reviveprojectspark #projectsparklegacy
These are of no use for you, always use the latest script


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Julian.day necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 24 diseños de 6 diseñadores freelance.
My Team Card
We are a business who's founders have a passion for family, sport and a sense of community. We wanted to give our kids some bragging rights as well as creating a keepsake for us - to look back on in years to come, about their sporting journey. Not from an elitist point of view but one that everyone who participates, should be valued and rewarded.
Boys and girls, between the ages of 6 and 14 who play in team sports ie. Football, Netball, Soccer.
Mums, Dads and/or Grandparents wanting a team card as a keepsake of their child or grandchild.
A simple (not cheap looking) fresh, logo that captures the spirit of young sporting kids and the enjoyment they get out of team sport.
Nothing too childish but a logo that can appeal to the kids as well as their parents.
1. No Cartoons - we want it to be playful but not cheap, tacky or childlike
2. Nothing too elegant - we do not want to come across as being stuffy.
3. The typeface should be clear, simple and bold. We want something that stands out. Again being careful not to be too fancy.
Please feel free to experiment with colors!
The files we will require are:
Print file format - .ai (CMYK)
Web file format - .jpg and layered .psd (RGB)
Please do not use any stock images or clip art in the logo
If you could also provide logo in how you see it suiting the cards (alternative card designs also welcome) that would be greatly appreciated
- Example of team card attached -
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Fine art photography for sale
In this website you can find all my fine art pictures for sale.
Every picture is available as fine art print, framed print, fine art framed print, metal print, canvas or poster.
Browse my fine art photography archive to choose your favourite pictures.
Please contact me if you want more information about prints, shipment, customized products or just want to say hi!
Heading out, Punchestown, Ireland picture for sale
To buy a print, a canvas or a poster of this picture click on a button belowBuy a poster Buy a framed print Buy a metal print Buy a canvas print Contact me Free download
You can use this picture for free as long as you give me credit and link to my website.
The picture Heading out was taken on 29/07/2017 in Swordlestown North, Kildare, Ireland
If you like it please share it with your friends or buy a print. Pictures are available in various formats with frame or without it. Prints on metal are now available and are awesome!
If you like it please share it with your friends or buy a print. Pictures are available in various formats with frame or without it. Prints on metal are now available and are awesome!
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White Papers and Application Notes
Development towards Non-invasive Breast Cancer Imaging using Novel Estrogen Conjugates Fluorescent DyeFrancis .K. J.[1], I. Jose[1]
[1]Christ University,Bangalore, Karnataka,India
Determination of Estrogen Receptor [ER] status is a key in detecting cancer pathogenesis at early stage. In our work we discuss Near Infrared Fluorescence [NIRf] Molecule Optical Imaging Diagnostic modality for early detection of breast cancer. A novel target-specific NIRf dye conjugate aimed at measuring Estrogen Receptor[ER] status was synthesized by ester formation between 17-? estradiol and a hydrophilic derivative of Indocyanine Green (ICG) cyanine dye, bis-1,1-(4-sulfobutyl) indotricarbocyanine-5-carboxylic acid, sodium salt. In-vitro studies regarding specific binding and endocytocis of the dye performed on ER+ve [MCF-7] and control [MDA-MB-231] adenocarcinoma breast cancer cell lines clearly indicated nuclear localization of the dye for MCF-7 as compared to plasma level staining for MDA-MB-231.Furthermore, MCF-7 cells showed ~4.5-fold increase in fluorescence signal intensity compared to MDA-MB-231. Phantom model is created in COMSOL Multiphysics to study the in-vivo efficiency of the dye. It is exited with point source modeling laser diode and fluency at the boundary is calculated with Standard Diffusion Approximation. Model with inclusions imitating property of cancerous cell is exited with laser(Figure 1) and the emission(Figure 2) is used as measurement set,And another model of homogenous optical property is taken as the initial set for inverse solving. Both the excitation (754nm) and emission (787nm) equations are inverted using iterative Levenberg–Marquardt method with Tikhonov minimization of measurement and calculated matrix. The result of reconstructed absorption and scattering properties where recorded for different concentration of dye. Comparison in terms of error function,Normalized Root Mean Square (NRMS)error and computing time are also produced in the result. We conclude by stating that this lipophilic dye can be potentially used as a target specific exogenous contrast agent in molecular optical imaging for early detection of breast cancer.


text: Christopher Soehnlein RoncoCayman Add Comment Share This! Facebook Twitter Google Plus Pinterest LinkedIn TandT-Windward-Islands-lead-Nagico-Super50-470×288 March 4, 2016Add CommentChristopher Soehnlein1 Min Read You may also like Business • Culture • Environment • News 30 businesses showcase options for CHHS Careers day February 19, 2019 Cayman Crosstalk Cayman CrossTalk 20 February 2019 February 19, 2019 Let's Talk Sports • Sports 2019 Formula One season preview with 'The Principal' analyst Mark Lee February 19, 2019 About the authorView All Posts Christopher Soehnlein Hello; I am Christopher Soehnlein and I am a developer / designer from Toronto, Ontario currently living in the Cayman Islands. I work for Ronco in the Metrics department producing websites and intranet portals for clients all around Cayman. If you want to see my work head over to my personal portfolio site at: www.IslandDog.ky or to the company I work for at: www.Roncocala.com Add Comment Click here to post a comment You must log in to post a comment. Comment Share This! Facebook Twitter Google Plus Pinterest LinkedIn Follow Us facebook twitter youtube instagram rss


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Message Board
Catherine Snodgrass and Bryndis Rubin Message Board
Talk about the novels, new and used books that Rubin has written!
Author Rubin's Book Reviews
Always Faithful
When Staff Sergeant Rowan McKinley is charged with murder, she wants the best defense counsel the Marine Corps has to offer�Captain Phillip Stuart. Phillip swore he'd never have anything to do with the one woman who broke his heart, yet he doesn't hesitate to answer her plea for help. The love and passion each thought gone sparks to life, only now it is forbidden by military law. Knowing the rules and adhering to them are very different matters. But wh...
Ice Princess
Zach Taylor and Claudia Stuart have been at odds with each other for five years, a feud that masks the desire each truly feels. After a night of wine and gambling, they wake to find themselves married to each other. Disgust turns to a partnership when they discover they must use their marriage as a front to find a killer. Forced in close companionship, can passion tear down the wall between them before a power-hungry madman kills them both? ...


text:
Yeah, it has it's own section of the forum, but...
What is the lowdown on the Frenzy? Is it still considered the best option for snow? I've read some negative stuff about it -- mostly regarding its safety. And how different is the '04 from the '05 (forget about the '06 for me...)
Which is the right size for Tahoe? I mean, if you were going to have just one, which is about all I can swing after this summer's purchases.


text:
Hispanic Market Strategy and Implementation Consulting
I help companies gain dominance in the Hispanic market by relevantly expanding and implementing their business strategies in the U.S. Hispanic market.
About Us
What We Do
Contact Us
Client Experience
Our Resources
On Camera Insights
Presentation Videos
Special Resources
In the Media
Get your copy now
"Terry's presentation on identifying and attracting high profit Hispanic consumers was the highest rated Workshop at our American Fraternal Alliance Annual Meeting. Her knowledge and understanding of the financial services industry and its growing importance to Hispanics was both compelling and credible to our senior level executives. Terry's presentation style is comfortable and engaging and is supported by excellent visuals. We've already asked Terry to come back and address our President and CEO members."
—American Fraternal Alliance
"…shortly after the project commenced, it was crystal clear why Terry is among the foremost knowledgeable experts on Hispanic market matters."
—Storck USA LP
"…Terry ultimately delivered on some significant strategy shifting recommendations for optimizing our position in this market…"
—Verizon Wireless
"The keyword is "holistic. … it's something the whole company needs to embrace. I recommend Terry Soto to get you started."
"…She encouraged the team to think outside the box, and delivered on point recommendations for moving our business forward over the next few years…"
— bluestem brands, inc.
"…"Terry has done a number of Hispanic market consulting projects for me over the years at Kraft Foods, Mission Foods, Dean Foods and the Federated Group and I recommend her highly."
—ConAgra Foods
"... we couldn't be more pleased with our consulting outcome working with Terry."
—Basic American Foods
"…you took a holistic approach to your involvement with our business, and I believe that this showed in the end results of our work."
—La Opinion
"…my deep appreciation for your strategic insight and direction to help Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus launch its first Hispanic marketing campaign.
—Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey
"Terry was instrumental in working with me to develop our strategic approach to integrated ethnic marketing across the Kraft Foods brands."
—Kraft Foods
"One of the best decisions Illinois Mutual Life made for our Hispanic Marketing Initiative was to hire Terry Soto as a consultant."
—Illinois Mutual Life
"...she came in with a fresh perspective, asked the tough questions and identified clear fault lines in our strategy...she proved to be a great resource."
—H&R Block
"When the NPD Group decided to conduct a study on U.S. Hispanics' eating habits, we knew we needed to hire Terry Soto's support to develop a culturally relevant analysis that went beyond the statistics."
—The NPD Group
view all testimonials
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text: How can I draw a circle surround any given point on the screen? Normally, OpenGL draws the circle centered at (0,0). My position indicator consists of pixels rendered as rectangles. The number of pixels is a multiplication of angle and range given to me. For example, if ppi shall be drawn for 360 degree and range 1000, then I draw 360 * 1000 pixels on the screen. Accordingly, any point is detected with its relevant angle and range. Let's say a point exists at 50 degree and range 500. How can I encircle that point now?


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Somehow, in spite of the explosive, 24/7 competition of everything from streaming videos on the Internet to hit shows on basic cable and a $30 billion video-game industry, broadcast television networks manage to hold onto one of the last vestiges of an earlier era of media dominance, namely the ritual unveiling of the prime-time, fall TV schedule.
The season's 27 new shows on all five free networks will launch throughout the next few months, with most bowing in during the next few weeks. This is the first full-development lineup to roll out after the crippling 2007-08 writers' strike, and in many ways, say writers, producers, network executives, and industry analysts, this year's crop says as much about why, against many odds, network television remains an important cultural force as it does about the powerful changes profoundly and perhaps permanently altering its future.
"The broadcast networks, with their mandate to reach the biggest possible audience, and with the kind of resources they can still throw behind a project," says Elayne Rapping, professor of American studies at the University at Buffalo (SUNY), "are still the best potential source for our shared stories or collective myths, the ideas that tell us who we are."
In a clear effort to underline this traditional mandate, the new landscape is awash in the familiar and the tried-and-true. Big name icons abound. Chevy Chase is a senior returning to community college in NBC's ensemble comedy "Community"; Kelsey Grammer is back as a downsized executive forced to return to his humble roots in ABC's "Hank"; Patricia Heaton is an overwhelmed, Midwest working mom in ABC's "The Middle"; Jenna Elfman gets pregnant by a man half her age in CBS's "Accidentally on Purpose"; and Courtney Cox flails about as a newly divorced mom in ABC's "Cougar Town."
On the dramatic side, Julianna Margulies and Chris Noth are a disgraced political couple in CBS's "The Good Wife," and movie names Chris O'Donnell and Joseph Fiennes bring extra wattage to the CBS spinoff "NCIS: Los Angeles" and ABC's mysterious serial about a worldwide effort to understand a 2-1/2-minute global glimpse into the future of the planet, "Flash Forward," respectively.
"The networks are in a scramble to reinforce their traditional identities," says K.P. Anderson, executive producer of "The Soup." Remakes (The CW's "Melrose Place") and spinoffs ("NCIS: L.A"; Fox's "Family Guy" offspring, "The Cleveland Show") further reinforce the conservative approach to programming evident across the list, he adds.
But as other networks burnish their traditional assets, one network, NBC, has launched what some have called the most radical redefinition of prime time since the dawn of the TV prime-time schedule a half century ago. The entire industry has been tightening its belt over the past year, but none so much as NBC-Universal, which cut some $500 million. Its most visible and dramatic cost-cutting strategy, however, has been to pull all scripted dramas from the 10 p.m. prime-time slot and replace them, five nights a week, with a new comedy hour hosted by Jay Leno. "It was time to try something else," says the former "Tonight Show" host. "NBC tried scripted programming at 10 o'clock – "Lipstick Jungle," "Kidnapped," "My Own Worst Enemy." Hugely expensive shows. I thought they were OK, but for some reason, they didn't catch on. So now you try something different."
The move has led to much hand-wringing in the creative community and beyond. The 10 p.m. slot, notes writer Peter Tolan, was traditionally the home of many of television's finest dramas. "There was a level, a quality of work, and an elegance of work that NBC was known for. And I don't think, unless I'm wrong, that this will approach it."
He is quick to point out that as yet, the nightly comedy hour, which starts Sept. 14, is an unknown quantity. Nonetheless, he adds, the mere replacement of five hours of drama with a variety show format diminishes the television landscape. While he understands that unscripted programming is here to stay, "five nights a week is craven," he says.
The lasting impact will be how the industry itself retools in response.
Fellow writer Shawn Ryan says the move is short-sighted even from a financial standpoint, since scripted dramas can be packaged and resold whereas topical talk shows have little value after one airing. Beyond that, as fewer shows are scripted, the industry loses venues for developing the next generations of writers, producers, and performers.
The last time writers lost so much prime-time real estate to unscripted programming, "we never got it back," says executive producer Don Reo, who remembers the bitter 1988 writers' strike that ushered in the current era of so-called "reality" television. "There is a place for art in our entertainment landscape," says Mr. Reo, stories that mean something to a broad range of people.
Cable has certainly become an important crucible for new scripted shows. Many of the Emmy nominations for next week's awards show, including AMC's "Mad Men" and FX's "Damages," are from cable. But, says executive producer Mr. Anderson, cable audiences are a fraction of what the broadcast networks pull together. "Cable appeals to niche audiences. The broadcast networks are the last bastion of eventized entertainment that we can all share."
Newcomer Dan Harmon, executive producer on NBC's new comedy "Community," says that after working in the cable environment, he wanted to work on a large network, specifically because he valued the "big tent" idea. "I wanted to make a show for everyone, something that actually [harked] back to the days when TV shows had a handsome man for the ladies, a beautiful girl for the guys, and a car for the kids. That shared experience is getting harder and harder to find."
Ultimately, though, the biggest reason history may record this fall as a landmark season lies outside Hollywood, says analyst Richard Goedkoop, professor of communication at La Salle University in Philadelphia.
As Leno himself is quick to point out, the network is not a bunch of real estate in Los Angeles. The heart and soul of the broadcast network is the hundreds of affiliated stations in cities of all sizes across the nation.
The 10 p.m. shows serve as a lead-in to the affiliates' late-night news shows, he notes, the No. 1 profit center at most local stations. Any move that drains viewers before they are "delivered" to the 11 p.m. news hours could reverberate through the entire system.
"This could be the beginning of the unraveling of the affiliate network," he says, adding that if that happened, it would be an important evolutionary restructuring of the entertainment landscape.


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A San Pedro mother has been charged with going to a fight between her 12-year-old daughter and a schoolmate and beating the second girl, authorities said Wednesday.
The incident was captured on a cellphone video.
Amber Lee Gutierrez, 33, is facing a charge of felony assault by means likely to produce great bodily injury after she was arrested by Los Angeles police in connection with the Jan. 14 fight in a Gaffey Street alley.
Gutierrez's daughter and another student at Dana Middle School had allegedly agreed to fight in the alley near their school. But Gutierrez, according to prosecutors, accompanied her child to the alley and then became involved in the conflict. The incident was recorded by an onlooker, according to prosecutors.
In the video the mother can be seen delivering blows to the child. The incident left the child with a possible broken arm. During the conflict adults present yelled expletives and allegedly yelled a racial slur at the African American child, the victim reported to police.
Gutierrez faces a possible maximum state prison term of seven years if convicted. Prosecutors say no juvenile case had been presented at this time, but the LAPD investigation is continuing.


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The Real Cost of Social Media: Infographic
By A J Kimmel on Sunday, May 22 2011, 17:48 - Metrics - Permalink
Here you go, a very insightful infographic shedding light on the value of social media for firms. This is based on research conducted by Syncapse, including a comparison of 20 brands to assess the economic potential of having fans on Facebook. Thanks to WOMMA's Pat McCarthy for bringing this to my attention.


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Lady Bucs land four on A-Sun All-Conference lists
MACON, Ga. (Oct. 26, 2012) – The Atlantic Sun Conference released its 2012 women's soccer postseason honors and awards on Friday, naming ETSU junior Ramey Kerns (Kings Mountain, N.C.) Player of the Year, and Sarah Zadrazil (St. Gilgen, Austria) Freshman of the Year.
Both Kerns and Zadrazil were selected First Team All-Conference. Freshman defender Hannah Short (Bristol, England) garnered second-team honors, and joined Zadrazil on the All-Freshman Team. The A-Sun also released its Academic All-Conference Team, which included Kerns and sophomore defender Ellis Parsons (Cardiff, Wales). The selections for all four Lady Bucs are the first in their respective collegiate careers.
Kerns led the Atlantic Sun through the regular season with 20 goals and 44 points to capture ETSU's second straight A-Sun Player of the Year award. Last season, Genna Petersen was named ETSU's first-ever A-Sun Player of the Year. Kerns leads the nation in goals and goals per game (1.176), and was named A-Sun Player of the Week four times through the season – the most in conference history. In the season-finale against UNF, she scored four times to tie Erin Ashton's record from 2002 for the most goals in a game, and scored 11 of her 20 goals in conference play.
Zadrazil scored four goals and tallied a conference-leading 10 assists in 17 games. The A-Sun Freshman of the Year award is also the Lady Bucs' second in a row, and the third in ETSU women's soccer history. Zadrazil's 10 assists currently tie Katie Green for the ETSU single-season record. Green notched 10 helpers in 2007.
Short has been a staple on the ETSU back line, playing and starting in 14 games. In ETSU's season-opener, Short came up with a huge defensive save in the second half to keep Tennessee Tech at bay and hold ETSU's one-goal lead. Short made a second defensive save later in the year, and has been a part of four shutouts. In the regular-season finale, the young Lady Buc registered her first collegiate assist on a long pass to Kerns.
Parsons – an A-Sun Preseason All-Conference selection and the fan-voted Preseason Player of the Year – has been another tremendous asset to the Lady Buc defense. Parsons played in all 17 regular season games, making 16 starts, and netted her first collegiate goal in the, 4-2, win against Winthrop. Like Short, Parsons has helped ETSU to four shutouts and has one assist to her credit. The sophomore defender carries a 3.70 GPA in biochemistry, and was the only defender to make the academic team.
Kerns' Academic All-Conference selection is supported by a 3.40 GPA in Exercise Science, along with her conference-leading totals in goals and points.
Florida Gulf Coast's Ashley Cieseilczyk was named A-Sun Defensive Player of the Year, and USC Upstate's Sarah Plantz was honored as Goalkeeper of the Year. Jim Blankenship led FGCU to the No. 1 seed, and was named Coach of the Year.
ETSU fans wanting to receive Buccaneer news, score updates, in-game promotions and much more sent to their mobile device can do so by signing up for "Buc Updates." Click here to sign up today!
For more information on ETSU women's soccer, please visit ETSUBucs.com and click on the women's soccer links.