text:
Tiger coach resigns
WAYNESFIELD — Waynesfield-Goshen Tiger varsity football coach — the most successful coach in the school's history — resigned Monday, simply saying "it was time."
Waynesfield-Goshen Schools Board of Education members unanimously elected to accept Gary Spencer's resignation at Monday's board meeting.
"It was just time to move on," Spencer said. "It was a fun ride. I'll coach again someday but I don't know when or where. My father taught me that when you start something you want to make it better than when you got there. I think we did that."
Superintendent Chris Pfister requested Spencer to attend the board meeting, and board members formally recognized his accomplishments with a plaque. In his superintendent's report, Pfister said he had asked Spencer to reconsider, but he would not.
"He said that when it was not fun anymore he would walk away, and it is time," Pfister said, reading from the report.
Spencer steps down after taking over a program that had a dismal history and had only managed a 177-346 won-lost record before Spencer guided the team to a 56-28 record in his eight years.
After making the playoffs once in their 58-year history, Spencer's teams made the playoffs in four of the eight years and were fighting for a playoff spot through the final game of the regular season in the other four years.
Under Spencer's tenure, the team won Northwest Central Conference championships in 2005, 2006, 2009 and 2011, and qualified for the state playoffs in 2005, 2006, 2009 and 2012.
Spencer's resignation comes on the heels if tumultuous season, with plenty of fans publicly complaining from the stands during games. Temper's reached a peak Oct. 19, when an incident resulted in an investigation into an assault committed against Spencer during a football game with Patrick Henry.
According to a report made Oct. 23 with the Waynesfield Police Department, the department received a call from Waynesfield-Goshen High School Principal T.J. Winkler concerning the incident. According to the police report, the police department received a call Tuesday from Waynesfield-Goshen High School Principal T.J. Winkler concerning an incident "involving a student athlete who kicked the coach in the head."
The altercation occurred between Spencer and Waynesfield-Goshen High School junior and football player Jeron Hennon. The incident was observed by several witnesses, including a reporter from the Wapakoneta Daily News.
Prior to the altercation, Spencer had been addressing Hennon on the sidelines about his tackling on the field and that was what apparently triggered the altercation.
Police Chief Nathan Motter said the case has been forwarded to the Auglaize County Prosecuting Attorney's Office for review.
However, Spencer insisted the issue had nothing to do with his resignation and has expressed no interest in having charges pressed against Hennon.
Several board members expressed their satisfaction to Spencer of his performance with kind words and hand shakes.
"He's a great citizen in this community," Tadd Turner said.
Prosecuting Attorney Edwin Pierce was not in the office to comment on the status of the charges against Hennon.


text:
Like many Americans, I'm suspicious of big government. I don't like rules and regulations insinuating themselves into every facet of my life. Surveillance cameras bug the hell out of me too. They're just one step closer to an Orwellian future.
Sadly, the government had to step in and insist folks wear seatbelts while driving. For me, that's like reminding a person not to shove rat poison up their nose. Seatbelts save lives, end of story.
Uncle Fred, however, refuses to wear them because The Man told him to. But that's Fred. Telling him not to throw rotten avocados at passing cars is a sure way to get him to do it.
Using cellular phones while driving cars has become an issue as well. In a nutshell, you shouldn't do it. It's another dangerous activity most sane people don't engage in. Then again, some shove rat poison up the nose—you know, for kicks.
About 11 p.m. the other night I heard the unmistakable screech of rubber and an ensuing crunch of metal and glass. Someone had once again hit the wall lining the street below my house. I looked outside and, sure enough, I could see a headlamp poking through the concrete wall, bathing the street in the dying glow of a xenon lamp.
Judging by the hole, the Infiniti G35 had slammed into the barrier with some force; the driver was still fuzzy from the impact. The talc from the airbags made him look like a hipster ghost.
"You OK man?" I asked (a pretty obvious query).
"Yeah, I think so."
He started to pat himself down, looking for blood or protruding bones. As he did, his iPhone dropped from his lap. I picked it up and noticed he was in the middle of a text message. I accidentally dropped the phone and accidentally stepped on it with the heel of my shoe. I did this several times, you know, by accident. What a shame. It looked like such a nice phone.
Mr. G35 was regaining his senses now. Standing beside his car, he started looking for his wallet, registration and, I guess, his phone. I grabbed it by an exposed wire and dangled in front of him like a dead camel spider.
"Major drag dude… hopefully the SIM card is still all right." (I seriously doubted it.)
This makes the third time in five years a car has slammed into that wall. The first involved alcohol. Not a good idea to drink and drive. The second involved an ill-fated drifting session. Not wise to race on public streets. And this third time, the driver was attempting to text his sweetheart while negotiating a pretty hairy turn. Now that is downright stupid.
Perhaps the government may want to institute a "common sense" bill into its books. Until it's law, folks are going to continue to do stupid stuff like shove rat poison up their noses or text while driving. Both are equally dangerous.
The driver was attempting to text his sweetheart while negotiating a pretty hairy turn. That's just downright stupid.
Les Bidrawn

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Hoping For A Hug
Second Sunday in Lent - C
Luke 13:31-35
David E. Leininger
Lectionary Tales for the Pulpit
Series VI, Cycle C
Jerusalem was not far now. It had been a long journey through Galilee, Samaria, and Judea -- a long journey of teaching, healing, controversy, and, yes, opposition. But now Jesus nears his goal. Jerusalem, the holy city, the destination for faithful Jews throughout history. Suddenly, an interruption -- some Pharisees with a warning: "Leave this place and go somewhere else. Herod wants to kill you" (Luke 13:31). But Jesus will not be dissuaded. He has work to do ... even though he is not received well nor welcomed.
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Getting a Pass, or a Second Chance?
Mary Austin
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Christopher Keating
Thomas Willadsen
Ron Love
Bethany Peerbolte
For February 24, 2019:
That's the Power of Love
by Mary Austin — How do we pursue forgiveness in the face of long-term evil? Does the passage of time make forgiveness easer, or more difficult?
Second Thoughts: It Ain't Easy We're After
by Dean Feldmeyer — The Church of Jesus Christ is not a cheap or easy club to belong to.
A Chance for Grace
Keith Hewitt
Wilton Lewis stood with his hands on his hips, studying the sanctuary wall, not trusting himself to speak. He wanted to spit, was thwarted by the fact that he was inside, and instead swallowed hard and said, "This is vile. Disgusting and vile." He turned to his right and added, "I apologize, Reverend Cashmore. This does
represent the good people of Port William. You know that, I hope."
Emphasis Preaching Journal
The Definition of Sanity
Frank Ramirez
Since Albert Einstein is considered the genius above all geniuses, he is often credited quotes he never said. (If Einstein said it, it must be true.) That includes the saying that insanity is defined as doing the same thing again and again and expecting to get a different result. Actually, it wasn't until the 1980's that he was first connected to that saying, but it doesn't matter who actually said it, because these three scriptures seem to validate the saying.
Sermon Illustrations for Epiphany 7 (OT 7) Cycle C (2019)
Ron Love
Bonnie Bates
Bob Ove
Frank Ramirez
Mark Ellingsen
Genesis 45: 3-11, 15
Love Your Enemies
Arley K. Fadness
"Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you...."
(v. 27)
Good morning boys and girls,
First thing I want to say is, I love you little ones. Know why? I just love to give love and to receive love. How many of you know how to hug?
(children respond)
Love and hugs are about the same aren't they?
(children respond)
Well this morning I'm going to talk about love.
The greatest sermon Jesus ever preached shocked the people. He told them who to love.
Saints In Shorts
David Kalas
Seven years ago, our family moved from southern Virginia to northeast Wisconsin. As you might expect, spring comes later here. Fall comes earlier. And winter is a much different experience in northeast Wisconsin than it was in southern Virginia. The same temperatures that seemed bone-chilling in Virginia are good reason to leave the mufflers and mittens at home in Wisconsin. Of course, many of the retired folks in my congregation here take their cue from the geese and fly south for the winter each year.
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text:
This 3D format war is well and truly on, with extravagant claims, outraged counterclaims, legal threats and even a bit of swearing. Somewhere in the middle of all the posturing, the 3D TVs at the heart of this impassioned conflict are starting to arrive.
In the active 3D corner there have been very positive reviews of Samsung's 55-inch UE55D8000, 46-inch UE46D7000 and Panasonic's TX-L32DT30B and TX-P50GT30B, while in the passive camp LG earned a rave write-up for its 47LW550T.
So hopes have to be high that the 55LW650T – a step up the range from the 47LW550T – will continue the run of good, competitive form.
As its name suggests, the 55LW650T has a 55-inch screen. Which means it should reveal with even more clarity all the various potential strengths and weakness of LG's preference for the passive 3D format.
After all, as well as being bigger, the 55LW650T also outguns the 47LW550T in the contrast department (9,000,000:1 versus 8,000,000:1), the motion handling department (it's got 200Hz compared to the LW550T's 100Hz) and on response time (2.0ms against 2.4ms).
The 55LW650T is also distinguished by its carriage of LG's rather swanky new Smart TV system, edge LED lighting with 'spot control' and all manner of multimedia file playback options. If the 55-inch model is too big for you, it's also available in 42-inch (the 42LW650T) and 47-inch (47LW650T) variations.
If you fancy a significantly cheaper slice of LG's passive 3D action, you'll need to step down to the LW450U series, though you should bear in mind that this only has 100Hz, rather than 200Hz processing and doesn't carry any Smart TV functions.


text:
Former President George W. Bush and Laura Bush were back in Washington on Thursday for the unveiling of the portraits of the former first couple that will hang at the White House.
They were joined by President Obama and the former chief executive's parents, former President George H.W. Bush and former First Lady Barbara Bush.
The paintings were done by portrait artist John Howard Sanden. The works were commissioned by the White House Historical Assn., a nonprofit group, and they will become part of the permanent collection of the White House.
Thursday's ceremony was a bipartisan event in which Democrats and Republicans briefly put down their swords and praised each others' service to the country. Also in attendance were First Lady Michelle Obama, Vice President Joe Biden and the honorees' daughters, Jenna and Barbara.
Originally from Texas, Sanden is a portrait artist who has painted numerous public figures. He began his career painting mostly Christian themes and has been professionally associated with the Rev. Billy Graham. In 1974, he founded the Portrait Institute and five years later, the National Portrait Seminar.
President Obama spoke at the ceremony, praising his predecessor for his fortitude during the9/11attacks and for making the transition of power in 2008 a smooth one. Obama described the White House as "a working office, a living museum and an enduring symbol of our democracy."
Bush addressed the White House audience with his trademark informality. "I am pleased my portrait brings an interesting symmetry to the White House collection, he said. "It now starts and ends with a George W."
Bush said he asked Sanden to include a painting within the painting: "A Charge to Keep," by artist W.H.D. Koerner, hung in the White House during his administration. The historical painting depicts a frontier scene, with men on horseback riding through treacherous terrain.
The former president said the Koerner painting reminded him of all the people he served with during his two terms in office.
Thursday's ceremony was part of a presidential tradition in which the sitting commander in chief hosts a portrait unveiling for his immediate predecessor. In 2004, Bush hosted Bill and Hillary Clinton for the unveiling of their White House portraits.
The paintings of the Clintons were created by artist Simmie Knox.


text:
ABCNews.com makes its news headlines available via RSS feeds to facilitate reading our stories via news aggregators.
Depending on who you ask, RSS stands for either "Rich Site Summary" or "Really Simple Syndication." But no matter what it's called, RSS is a new way to publish information online.
At the heart of the technology is special Web coding, called XML, that has been widely developed by the global online community over the past few years.
The XML code for RSS describes a new type of Web information called a "news feed." Essentially, the feeds can contain a summary and links of the new content on a Web site or anything else a creator desires to share. A company may publish an RSS feed that contains news of its latest products, for example.
Anyone an online surfer or another Web site can pick up the RSS codes and with the appropriate Web software display the information automatically.
The concept is similar to how a newswire service operates: Information published by one news organization can be "syndicated" picked up and displayed by any other news organization.
Through syndication, online content creators have a much easier way to get their information published and seen. For instance, a Web surfer who sees an RSS feed say a ticker of top news stories on one site might click on the content, which in turn drives more traffic back to the original Web site.
RSS can also be a way for Web sites to retain "loyalty" among visitors. By supplying the RSS code on the Web site, visitors can "subscribe" to the feed and automatically receive updates on their personal computers of new content on the site.
Such an RSS feed will free content creators from creating and sending e-mail reminders many of which may be stopped by anti-spam filters.
For Web surfers, the advantages of RSS are quite simple: They save time and bandwidth.
Instead of remembering to visit a favorite Web site, the news comes directly into your computer daily or at whatever interval you want.
What's more, most RSS feeds contain just links, headlines, or brief synopsis of new information only. That means the small amount of Web data can be sent to any XML-compatible device a cell phone, pager, or handheld computer without a lengthy download process.
More importantly, RSS gives you control over receiving information you want without revealing information about yourself. Unlike subscribing to an e-mail newsletter, you never have to give out your e-mail address with an RSS feed. That avoids the possibility of receiving spam or unwanted junk e-mail from the Web site.
Almost all technology-oriented Web sites offer RSS feeds to satisfy the crowds of computer savvy users online.
You'll also find some Weblogs or online diaries also offer RSS feeds.
You can view ABCNews.com's RSS headlines by clicking the appropriate links at the top of this page.
First, you need a feed reader. Performing a search for "RSS Feed Readers" in any major online search engine such as Google or Yahoo! will produce a bundle of software options many of which are free or at little cost.
Once you've obtained a feed reader, subscribing to an RSS feed is as simple as looking for the appropriate feed link. Most Web sites that publish an RSS feed will display a tiny orange box or button labeled "RSS" or "XML."
Click the feed link you are interested in and your Web browser typically goes to a page of cryptic XML code. No worries, just copy the Web "address" or URL of that page and plug it into your feed reader. The software will then automatically retrieve and display that site's latest information.


text:
THE SQL Server Blog Spot on the Web
I love SQL Server execution plans. It is often easy to spot the cause of a performance problem just by looking at one. The task is considerably easier if the plan includes run-time information (a so-called 'actual' execution plan), but even a compiled plan can be very useful. Nevertheless, there are still times where the execution plan does not tell the whole story, and we need to think more deeply about query execution to really understand a performance problem. This post looks at one such example, based on a recent question posted on the SQL Performance Q & A site.
This plan is reasonably large (20MB cached plan size) but not massively complex once you break it down (click on the image above to view it full-size in a new window). The context of the question is that this query usually executes in less than a minute, but sometimes it runs for nearly twenty minutes – though the plan appears identical.
There are many different things to look for in execution plans. What you choose to look at first is as much a matter of personal preference as anything, but many people are drawn to high-cost operators, so I will start there. In this plan, the cost of one operator dominates all others, shown as being responsible for 100% of the cost of the query. It is highlighted in red in Plan Explorer; I have expanded the relevant plan section (the top right) below:
There is no doubt that this seek is busy little thing. It is executed 249,484 times, though it only produces a grand total of 167,813 rows over all iterations of the loop join – an average of just 0.7 rows per seek. There are all sorts of interesting details in the plan about this seek – I could write a whole blog post about it – but two details that stand out are the "Force Seek: True" and "Partitioned: True" attributes. These tell us that the base table is partitioned, and the query writer had to use a FORCESEEK table hint to get this plan.
Without this hint, the optimizer would almost certainly choose a Hash Match or Merge Join rather than Nested Loops. This is understandable given the optimizer's cost model and the simplifying assumptions it makes (such as assuming every query starts with a cold buffer cache). That's fine, but we can see from the query plan that the inner-side table has 643 million rows. Left to its own devices, the optimizer would estimate that it would be faster to perform a sequential scan of 643 million rows (with large-block read-ahead) than it would be to run a quarter-million randomly-distributed seeks driven by a Nested Loops join.
I doubt that the optimizer's reasoning here is sound (at least on any reasonably modern hardware) but there we go. The query author probably knows that a good fraction of this table is likely to be in cache, so with all that in mind, I think we can reasonably assume at this stage that the FORCESEEK hint is genuinely needed here, and this part of the plan is at least reasonably optimal.
Important note: The seek certainly does not account for 100% of the runtime cost of this query. Remember cost percentages are always estimates – even in 'actual' plans. It can be useful to check the reasons for high-estimated-cost operators, but they should never be used as a primary tuning metric.
This query was executed on SQL Server 2012, so there is a handy warning triangle on the Sort operator indicating that one or more sort runs had to be spilled to physical tempdb disk. The plan clearly shows this spilling is a result of an inaccurate cardinality estimate at the Filter operator (the estimates are not bad at all prior to this). The Sort expects 9,217 rows totalling approximately 5MB, but actually encountered 61,846 rows in 35MB. As you may know, memory for sorts and hashes is allocated before execution starts, and generally cannot expand dynamically at run time.
The spilled sort is undesirable, of course, but it is unlikely to be a major cause of the occasional poor performance given the small size of the spilled data. Nevertheless, this might be a good place to split this query up. The idea would be to write the results of the query (up to and including the Filter) to a temporary heap table using SELECT INTO, and then create a clustered index with the same keys as the Sort operator. The temporary table would not be large, and may well perform better overall than the spilled sort, including the cost of creating the clustered index. Of course, creating this index will involve a sort, but it will be one based on the known cardinality of the temporary heap table. The part of the plan that could be replaced by a temporary table is shown below:
I am a big fan of simplifications like this. Smaller execution plans tend to optimize better for all sorts of reasons, and the source code usually becomes easier to maintain as well. I should mention there is another warning triangle in the 2012 execution plan (shown on the root icon), which relates to some implicit conversions that I will mention later.
The execution plan was captured with Plan Explorer, so we can also easily see I/O statistics for the two executions. The first is for a fast (sub-60-second) run:
Overall, these I/O numbers show pretty much what we would expect: a decent number of logical reads associated with the seeks into the Trans table (but certainly not 100% of the total, ha ha), a very small number of physical reads, and a small amount of read-ahead activity on a couple of tables.
The second set of I/O data is from a slow run (18 minutes or so):
The very obvious difference is the appearance of a work table, with 178 million logical reads and 130 million LOB logical reads. It seems very likely this work table, and its 300 million logical reads, is responsible for the dramatic decrease in query performance. But given that the execution plans are identical (right down to the XML) what is causing this?
My answer to that question (on the Q & A site) was that it is related to the increased level of read-ahead activity, but to see why that is the case, we will need to reproduce the issue and dig a bit deeper.
Before we really get going on this, it will be useful to take a look at what the execution plan is doing in outline. We saw the first part of the plan earlier when looking at the spilling sort. The data set at that point (which we would like to write to a temporary table, remember) essentially represents source data for a second query, which uses a series of Nested Loops Left Joins to lookup information from other tables:
The inner side of each join involves some reasonably involved logic, which is thankfully not important to the present discussion. What is important is that the result of each lookup is a LOB data type. This begins to shed some light on the LOB logical reads reported against the work table, but it does not explain why the work table (and the 300 million associated reads) do not appear when the query runs quickly (with the same execution plan).
The first part of the repro involves creating six tables that represent the lookup tables in the original query plan. Each table will have 10,000 rows, consisting of a sequential reference number and a second column containing a 2048 single-byte-character string. The source table used to drive the lookups will be a regular Numbers table containing just a single integer column.
CREATE TABLE dbo.T1 (id integer IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, d char(2048));
CREATE TABLE dbo.T2 (id integer IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, d char(2048));
CREATE TABLE dbo.T3 (id integer IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, d char(2048));
CREATE TABLE dbo.T4 (id integer IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, d char(2048));
CREATE TABLE dbo.T5 (id integer IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, d char(2048));
CREATE TABLE dbo.T6 (id integer IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, d char(2048));
INSERT dbo.T1 WITH (TABLOCKX)
FROM dbo.Numbers AS n WHERE n BETWEEN 1 AND 10000;
INSERT dbo.T2 WITH (TABLOCKX)
INSERT dbo.T3 WITH (TABLOCKX)
INSERT dbo.T4 WITH (TABLOCKX)
INSERT dbo.T5 WITH (TABLOCKX)
INSERT dbo.T6 WITH (TABLOCKX)
The next step is to ensure that each lookup table is optimally organized for read-ahead:
ALTER TABLE dbo.T1 REBUILD WITH (MAXDOP = 1);
ALTER TABLE dbo.T2 REBUILD WITH (MAXDOP = 1);
ALTER TABLE dbo.T3 REBUILD WITH (MAXDOP = 1);
ALTER TABLE dbo.T4 REBUILD WITH (MAXDOP = 1);
ALTER TABLE dbo.T5 REBUILD WITH (MAXDOP = 1);
ALTER TABLE dbo.T6 REBUILD WITH (MAXDOP = 1);
The original query translates into our simplified test rig as:
DECLARE @d nvarchar(max) = NCHAR(10000);
SELECT n.n,
(SELECT CONCAT(t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, @d) FROM dbo.T1 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n),
(SELECT CONCAT(t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, @d) FROM dbo.T2 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n),
(SELECT CONCAT(t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, @d) FROM dbo.T3 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n),
(SELECT CONCAT(t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, @d) FROM dbo.T4 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n),
(SELECT CONCAT(t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, @d) FROM dbo.T5 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n),
(SELECT CONCAT(t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, t.d, @d) FROM dbo.T6 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n)
FROM dbo.Numbers AS n
WHERE n.n BETWEEN 1 AND 10000
ORDER BY n.n
The broad idea there is to concatenate our 2048-character column to itself five times and include a Unicode character that was used in the original query as a delimiter that could not appear in the source data. Each lookup performs the same basic operation against its target table, and the final result is the result of concatenating all the intermediate results. The query hints are necessary to get the right plan shape, just because my test rig tables are so much smaller than the real ones.
Note that the Unicode delimiter means the 2048-character single-byte data is implicitly converted to Unicode, doubling in size. It is not a crucial feature of the test, but it did appear in the original query and explains the type conversion warnings in the execution plan I mentioned earlier. The execution plan for the test query is (click to enlarge if necessary):
I should also stress that the CONCAT operator (new in SQL Server 2012) is not crucial either. If you are using an earlier version of SQL Server, an equivalent query (for present purposes) is shown below. I'm going to stick with CONCAT for the remainder of the post, however.
(SELECT @d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d FROM dbo.T1 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) +
(SELECT @d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d FROM dbo.T2 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) +
(SELECT @d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d FROM dbo.T3 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) +
(SELECT @d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d FROM dbo.T4 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) +
(SELECT @d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d FROM dbo.T5 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) +
(SELECT @d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d+t.d FROM dbo.T6 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n)
With all data in memory, the test query (in either form) completes in about 1.6 seconds on my laptop. The result shows that each output row contains 147,468 bytes of Unicode character data. A typical set of I/O statistics follows:
Nothing too exciting to see there, but this is just our baseline.
With no data in memory, the test query now runs for 18.6 seconds – almost 12x slower. The I/O statistics show the expected (but still mysterious!) work table and its associated reads:
The Extended Events wait statistics show SQL Server spent very little of that time waiting on my laptop's slow hard drive – just 402 ms:
The are a number of factors in play here that we will look at in turn.
One of the reasons the optimizer prefers Hash Match and Merge Join for larger inputs is that the data access patterns tend to favour large sequential read-ahead. Both hash and merge tend to scan (range-scan in the case of a seek) their inputs, and the SQL Server Storage Engine automatically issues read-ahead when it detects this type of access. There is nothing in the execution plan to show that a base table will be read with read-ahead, it just happens.
A very basic implementation of Nested Loops join would not benefit from read-ahead at all on its inner side. The outer (driving) side of the loops join might well be a scan or range-scan of an index, and so benefit from automatic read-ahead, of course. The inner side is executed once per outer row, resulting in a rapid succession of small index seeks for different values. These small seeks will typically not be large enough to trigger the automatic read-ahead mechanism. Indeed, in our test, each inner side seek is for precisely one value.
SQL Server improves on this by implementing a second read-ahead mechanism especially for Nested Loops joins (not all N-L joins, it is a cost-based decision the optimizer makes). The basic idea is to buffer extra rows from the outer side of the join, and to use the row values in the buffer to drive read-ahead for the inner side. The effect is that the Nested Loops join becomes a partly blocking operator as outer-side rows are read into the buffer and read-ahead issued based on buffered index key values.
This read-ahead may be either order-preserving or not, and is indicated in the execution plan by the Nested Loop attributes With Ordered Prefetch and With Unordered Prefetch, respectively. When unordered prefetch occurs, the inner side is processed in whatever order the asynchronous reads happen to complete. With ordered prefetching, the mechanism is careful to ensure that the order of rows entering the join is preserved on the output.
In the test rig, the ORDER BY clause means there is a need to preserve row order, so Ordered Prefetch is used:
The issue described in this post is not specific to ordered prefetching – the same behaviour is just as likely with unordered prefetching. The point is that Nested Loops prefetching is one of the requirements.
Documented trace flags 652 and 8744 may be used (with care, and after serious testing) to disable automatic read-ahead and Nested Loops prefetching respectively. This is sometimes beneficial where all data is expected to be in memory (in which case read-ahead processing consumes resources better used by query execution) or where the I/O subsystem is extremely fast. In case you were wondering, there is no background thread for prefetching – all the work of checking whether the data is in memory, and issuing I/O if not, is performed by the worker thread executing the query.
I should stress that read-ahead and Nested Loops prefetching is generally A Very Good Thing with typical storage solutions (e.g. SANs) and both work best (or at all) when indexes have low logical fragmentation.
The issue described here also requires that a large object data type is manufactured before prefetching. The Compute Scalar operators in the test execution plan perform that function:
By 'manufactured', I mean that the source columns are not LOB types, but the expression output is – notice the implicit conversion to nvarchar(max). To be clear about it, the issue we are analysing here does not occur when Nested Loops prefetching occurs with an expression that was a LOB type to begin with.
The optimizer is quite good, generally speaking, at moving scalar expressions around. If the query had featured inner joins (whether by query design or through optimizer activities) the chances are quite good that the problematic expressions (the LOB manufacturers) would have moved beyond the prefetching, and so out of harm's way. It is quite tricky to preserve NULL-extension and other outer-join semantics properly when moving expressions above an outer join, so the optimizer generally does not even try. In essence, the outer join represents an optimization barrier to the LOB-manufacturing expressions.
When Nested Loops prefetching occurs with a manufactured LOB, the question arises of where to store the created LOBs when buffering rows for prefetch. If the source data were already a LOB type, the execution engine would already have memory structures in place to handle them. When prefetching encounters a manufactured LOB, it needs to store it somewhere, since the engine is no longer processing a stream of one row at a time. It turns out that there is a small memory buffer set aside for this eventuality, which empirical tests show to be 24KB.
However, this 24KB (directly allocated, not via workspace memory grant) is shared across all concurrently executing prefetching joins in the query. With six such joins in the test rig plan and large manufactured LOBs, the buffer stands no chance. As a result, query execution engages a bail-out option: a work table created in tempdb. Though the pages of the worktable may in fact remain memory-resident, overheads (including latching and using general-purpose code interfaces for access to the buffered rows) mean this is very much slower than using the direct-memory cache.
As with most internal work tables, the logical reads reported on this work table indicate the number of rows processed (not 8KB pages, as for regular I/O statistics). This fact, together with the large number of items processed via the worktable in our test, accounts for the millions of reads reported.
The creation and use of the work table depends on run time conditions and timing. If execution finds the data it needs is already in memory, the prefetch checks are still performed, but no asynchronous read requests end up being posted. The 24KB buffer is never filled, so the need to create a work table never arises. The more prefetch that actually occurs, the higher the chances that the buffer will fill. It is quite possible to experience a low level of prefetch with manufactured LOBs without the engine needing to bail out to a work table, especially if the LOBs are not very big and the I/O system is quite fast.
We can rewrite the query to avoid feeding manufactured LOB data to the prefetch buffer. The idea is to use OUTER APPLY to return the data that contributes to the concatenation, rather than the result of the concatenation. We can then perform the CONCAT operation (which handles NULLs nicely without extra work) after the join, avoiding the prefetch buffer issue completely. In SQL Server versions prior to 2012, we would need to use direct string concatenation, and handle rows that are NULL-extended explicitly using ISNULL or COALESCE.
CONCAT(oa1.i0, oa1.i1, oa1.i2, oa1.i3, oa1.i4, oa1.i5, oa1.i6),
CONCAT(oa2.i0, oa2.i1, oa2.i2, oa2.i3, oa2.i4, oa2.i5, oa2.i6),
CONCAT(oa3.i0, oa3.i1, oa3.i2, oa3.i3, oa3.i4, oa3.i5, oa3.i6),
CONCAT(oa4.i0, oa4.i1, oa4.i2, oa4.i3, oa4.i4, oa4.i5, oa4.i6),
CONCAT(oa5.i0, oa5.i1, oa5.i2, oa5.i3, oa5.i4, oa5.i5, oa5.i6),
CONCAT(oa6.i0, oa6.i1, oa6.i2, oa6.i3, oa6.i4, oa6.i5, oa6.i6)
OUTER APPLY (SELECT i0 = @d, i1 = t.d, i2 = t.d, i3 = t.d, i4 = t.d, i5 = t.d, i6 = t.d FROM dbo.T1 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) AS oa1
OUTER APPLY (SELECT i0 = @d, i1 = t.d, i2 = t.d, i3 = t.d, i4 = t.d, i5 = t.d, i6 = t.d FROM dbo.T2 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) AS oa2
OUTER APPLY (SELECT i0 = @d, i1 = t.d, i2 = t.d, i3 = t.d, i4 = t.d, i5 = t.d, i6 = t.d FROM dbo.T3 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) AS oa3
OUTER APPLY (SELECT i0 = @d, i1 = t.d, i2 = t.d, i3 = t.d, i4 = t.d, i5 = t.d, i6 = t.d FROM dbo.T4 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) AS oa4
OUTER APPLY (SELECT i0 = @d, i1 = t.d, i2 = t.d, i3 = t.d, i4 = t.d, i5 = t.d, i6 = t.d FROM dbo.T5 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) AS oa5
OUTER APPLY (SELECT i0 = @d, i1 = t.d, i2 = t.d, i3 = t.d, i4 = t.d, i5 = t.d, i6 = t.d FROM dbo.T6 AS t WHERE t.id = n.n) AS oa6
The execution plan for the rewritten query looks visually similar to the problematic one:
However, the Compute Scalars no longer manufacture a LOB data type, they just emit column and variable references:
All the concatenation work (and LOB manufacture) is performed by the final top-level Compute Scalar in a single monster expression [Expr1056]:
With all data in memory, the new query completes in 1.8 seconds (very slightly up on 1.6 seconds before):
When all data must be fetched from disk, the query issues optimal prefetching and completes in 7.3 seconds (down from 18.6 seconds) with no work table:
The Extended Events wait statistics now show 3.8 seconds spent waiting for my laptop's slow spinning disk (which is a good thing!)
Work tables can appear in STATISTICS IO output for a wide range of reasons, but if you encounter one with a very large number of reads – particularly LOB reads – you may be encountering this issue. The rewrite proposed above may not always be possible, but you should be able to refactor your query to avoid the issue now you know it exists.
I am not a fan of doing large amounts of string manipulation in SQL Server. I am always particularly suspicious of the perceived need to split or concatenate large volumes of strings.
I am, however, a fan of always using explicit data types (rather than relying on implicit conversions) and generating relatively small query plans that offer the query optimizer clear and obvious choices. By necessity, this often means writing small SQL queries in logical steps (and no, long chains of common table expressions do not count!)
The real world does not always make these things possible, of course, but it is good to have goals :)
© 2013 Paul White – All Rights Reserved
email: email@example.com
twitter: @SQL_Kiwi
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Query plan details obtained using Plan Explorer PRO by SQLSentry
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Well done Paul, I always like these in depth posts of yours. The time spent running through the examples always pays off.
There's a lot of things going on here to make this issue occur. There's the nested loops prefetching, the manufactured lobs etc...
I like to put myself in the position of a DBA who's asked to look at this query. To be honest I don't think I'd be up to the task of understanding the exact cause without a humungous amount of mental effort (so good on you).
But I like to think that maybe some knee-jerk rules of thumb I exercise might have done the trick: Concatenating strings in the app for example.
But thanks again for the write up! Your internals posts are always fascinating.
A delightful reading!
Adam, could you add the "Like" button?
Hi Michael,
I agree, though in this particular case, it turns out the string concatenation was to feed input to an in-query CLR function - a valid use case with only partial workarounds and alternatives AFAIK. Nevertheless, this was a fun post to write.
P.S. Cheers, Alejandro!
Very interesting detective story from the one hand, and useful informative reading from the other, thank you!
Small question: "the logical reads reported on this work table indicate the number of rows" - curious note! Is it documented somewhere, or just an observation?
Hi Dima,
More details at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4230838/why-are-logical-reads-for-windowed-aggregate-functions-so-high and http://sqlblog.com/blogs/paul_white/archive/2010/07/28/partitioning-and-the-common-subexpression-spool.aspx
As far as being documented or not - depends: it is mentioned in a book somewhere - I think the author might have been Craig Freedman, I'm afraid I don't recall more than that.
Anyway, that's interesting. Thanks for the links!
Great, great information!! Thank you!!
Is there anyway to repost this information not using SQL Sentry because some of us can't afford to buy the software & would rather use what is available to us. Unless the free version gives us the same information.
Thank you again!!
Hi John,
The free version is all that is required to reproduce the screenshots in this post. I do prefer to use P/E for blog work because if nothing else the graphical plans fit better in the space available. As you can see, there are other benefits in the way it presents information too.
I do offer a full refund to anyone not happy with the way I write my blog posts of course :-p
Nice sharing.


text:
From LAX,
Lufthansa and British Airways offer connecting service (change of plane) on Air Namibia; Delta, Virgin America and American offer connecting service on South African Airways. Restricted round-trip fares begin at $1,325, excluding taxes and fees. If you have time to add a day's drive in each direction, start in Cape Town, South Africa.
Seasons are the reverse of the Northern Hemisphere. Skip the Kalahari summer and rainy season and aim to visit between May and September. Take a sweater for cool desert nights.
Major car rental agencies are all represented at Windhoek airport, but car rental in Namibia requires careful planning. Although the country's paved highways are some of Africa's best, some attractions lie along corrugated gravel roads that can make you feel as if you've been strapped to a paint-can shaker. A 4x4 isn't strictly necessary, but you'll be more comfortable. If you're driving the car from South Africa, you must ask the agency for special paperwork for the border crossing.
Namibia is a safe country, among Africa's most prosperous. The climate and emptiness are a traveler's greatest threats: Carry water in your car and check the spare tire. Cellphone coverage is rare outside of settlements.
To call the numbers below from the U.S., dial 011 (the international dialing code), 264 (country code for Namibia) and the local number.
Unless you're in a town, plan on eating where you stay; there won't be other options. Around Fish River Canyon and Sossusvlei, many lodges have similar names, so be careful which one you're booking.
Cañon Lodge,
Fish River Canyon; 61-230066,
This company has several similarly named lodges near the canyon, but Cañon Lodge is unique. The B&B rate is $122 a person, based on double occupancy, plus $28 for dinner.
Kratzplatz Guesthouse,
5 Nachtigal Street, Lüderitz; 63-202458;
. This friendly guesthouse has a bar so loud, friendly and local that it would be at home in any number of rough-and-ready towns in the American West. However, the characters holding up the bar are diamond miners, not cowboys. The B&B rate is $36 a person, based on double occupancy.
Sossusvlei Desert Lodge,
Sossusvlei; (888) 882-3742 in the U.S.,
. You could spend more on luxury accommodations in Sossuvlei, but this is plenty: $482 a person a night (or $434 a person if staying four or more nights). Expensive, but a free-standing private suite, three gourmet meals a day, most alcoholic drinks, private game drives, flawless service and unlimited questions for the resident astronomer are included. No single supplement for solo travelers.
Namibia Tourism Board


text:
Testing Methodologies Explained
Main Test System
Processor: Intel i7 3930K @ 4.5GHz
Memory: Corsair Vengeance 32GB @ 1866MHz
Motherboard: ASUS P9X79 WS
Cooling: Corsair H80
SSD: 2x Corsair Performance Pro 256GB
Power Supply: Corsair AX1200
Monitor: Samsung 305T / 3x Acer 235Hz
OS: Windows 7 Ultimate N x64 SP1
Acoustical Test System
Processor: Intel 2600K @ stock
Memory: G.Skill Ripjaws 8GB 1600MHz
Motherboard: Gigabyte Z68X-UD3H-B3
Cooling: Thermalright TRUE Passive
SSD: Corsair Performance Pro 256GB
Power Supply: Seasonic X-Series Gold 800W
NVIDIA 314.14 Beta
AMD 13.2 Beta 7
- All games tested have been patched to their latest version
- The OS has had all the latest hotfixes and updates installed
- All scores you see are the averages after 3 benchmark runs
All IQ settings were adjusted in-game and all GPU control panels were set to use application settings
The Methodology of Frame Time Testing, Distilled
How do you benchmark an onscreen experience? That question has plagued graphics card evaluations for years. While framerates give an accurate measurement of raw performance , theres a lot more going on behind the scenes which a basic frames per second measurement by FRAPS or a similar application just cant show. A good example of this is how stuttering can occur but may not be picked up by typical min/max/average benchmarking.
Before we go on, a basic explanation of FRAPS frames per second benchmarking method is important. FRAPS determines FPS rates by simply logging and averaging out how many frames are rendered within a single second. The average framerate measurement is taken by dividing the total number of rendered frames by the length of the benchmark being run. For example, if a 60 second sequence is used and the GPU renders 4,000 frames over the course of that time, the average result will be 66.67FPS. The minimum and maximum values meanwhile are simply two data points representing single second intervals which took the longest and shortest amount of time to render. Combining these values together gives an accurate, albeit very narrow snapshot of graphics subsystem performance and it isnt quite representative of what youll actually see on the screen.
FRAPS also has the capability to log average framerates for each second of a benchmark sequence, resulting in the FPS over time graphs we have begun to use. It does this by simply logging the reported framerate result once per second. However, in real world applications, a single second is actually a long period of time, meaning the human eye can pick up on onscreen deviations much quicker than this method can actually report them. So what can actually happens within each second of time? A whole lot since each second of gameplay time can consist of dozens or even hundreds (if your graphics card is fast enough) of frames. This brings us to frame time testing.
Frame times simply represent the length of time (in milliseconds) it takes the graphics card to render each individual frame. Measuring the interval between frames allows for a detailed millisecond by millisecond evaluation of frame times rather than averaging things out over a full second. The larger the amount of time, the longer each frame takes to render. This detailed reporting just isnt possible with standard benchmark methods.
While frame times are an interesting metric to cover, its important to put them into a more straightforward context as well. In its frametime analysis, FRAPS reports a timestamp (again in milliseconds) for each rendered frame in the sequence in which it was rendered. For example, Frame 20 occurred at 19ms and Frame 21 at 30ms of the benchmark run. Subtracting Frame 20 from Frame 21 allows us to determine how much time it took to render Frame 21. This method would be repeated over and over again to show frame time consistency.
In order to put a meaningful spin on frame times ,we can equate them directly to framerates. A constant 60 frames across a single second would lead to an individual frame time of 1/60th of a second or about 17 milliseconds, 33ms equals 30 FPS, 50ms is about 20FPS and so on. Contrary to framerate evaluation results, in this case higher frame times are actually worse since they would represent a longer interim waiting period between each frame.
With the milliseconds to frames per second conversion in mind, the magical maximum number were looking for is 40ms or 25FPS. If too much time spent above that point, performance suffers and the in game experience will begin to degrade.
Consistency is a major factor here as well. Too much variation in adjacent frames could induce stutter or slowdowns. For example, spiking up and down from 13ms (75 FPS) to 40ms (25 FPS) several times over the course of a second would lead to an experience which is anything but fluid. However, even though deviations between slightly lower frame times (say 10ms and 30ms) wouldnt be as noticeable, some sensitive individuals may still pick up a slight amount of stuttering. As such, the less variation the better the experience.
Since the entire point of this exercise is to determine how much the frame time varies within each second, we will see literally thousands of data points being represented. So expect some truly epic charts.
|Latest Reviews in Video Cards


text:
Hey everyone,
Just a reminder that the deadline for Cartastrophe's Minard Redesign Competition is June 1st, which is one month from now. You, too, could win a grab bag of old maps! I've heard from a number of you out there interested in giving this a try, and I'm excited to see what people come up with. It should be enlightening and inspirational.
We'll be back with regular content in a few weeks. In the meanwhile, happy mapping.


text:
The following is a list of books and articles about Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson which can be found at the West Virginia State Archives Library.
Jackson, Thomas Jonathan. Thomas Jackson Papers, Duke
University, Durham North Carolina, 1951.
4RE Mi 49-19.
_____________________. Letter, February
28, 1862.
Ms 79-144.
Robertson, James I. Stonewall Jackson, the Man, the Soldier,
the Legend, MacMillan Publishing, 1997.
Moore, Edward Alexander. The Story of a Cannoneer Under
Stonewall Jackson: in which is told the part taken by the
Rockbridge Artillery in the Army of Northern Virginia, Neale
Publishing Co., 1907.
Bisset, Johnson. The Mysteries of Chancellorsville: Who
killed Stonewall Jackson, Hobson Book Press, 1945.
B J14b.
Bushong, Millard. Kessler. General Turner and Stonewall's
Valley Campaign,, Virginia Book Co., 1980.
_____________________ " Jackson in the Shenandoah," West
Virginia History, Charleston, WV, 1965-66.
Arc 1. 4:27
Freeman. Douglas S. Chapters from "Stonewall Jackson's"
Valley Campaign, 1944.
Ms 80-259.
Shaw, Maurice. Stonewall Jackson's Surgeon: Hunter Holmes
McGuire, a Biography, H.E. Howard Inc., 1993.
Casler, John Overton. Four Years in the Stonewall
Brigade, Continental Book Co., 1951.
Chambers, Lenoir. The Whole Jackson; a Lecture Delivered in
Richmond, Virginia, at the Stonewall Jackson Commemorative
Dinner, Richmond, 1963.
B J14cm Pam.
______________. Stonewall Jackson, W. Morrow, 1959.
B J14ch.
Cook, Roy Bird. The Family and Early Life of Stonewall
Jackson, Old Dominion Press, 1924.
B J14c.
______________. Thomas J. Jackson, a God-fearing Soldier of
the CSA, C.J. Krehbiel Co., n.d.
B J14bc.
Anderson, John C. Notes on the Life of Stonewall Jackson and
Of His Campaigning in Virginia, 1861-1863. London, Hugh Rees,
Ltd., 1904.
B J14an.
Arnold, Thomas Jackson. Early Life and Letters of General
Thomas J. Jackson, "Stonewall" Jackson, Fleming H. Revell Co.,
B J14ar.
Adams, Mrs. Julia (Davis). Stonewall, Dutton and Company,
Inc., 1931.
B J14ad.
Allan, William. History of the Campaign of General T.J.
(Stonewall) Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia,
Lippincott, 1880.
Addey, Markinfield. Stonewall Jackson," the Life and Military
Career of Thomas Jonathan Jackson, Lieutenant-General in the
Confederate Army, New York, C.T. Evans, 1863.
B J14a.
Records of the Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Camps, United
Confederate Veterans, WV Division.
Ms 80-8.
Cullop, Charles P. "English Reaction to Stonewall Jackson's
Death," West Virginia History , Charleston, WV. 1967-68.
Arc 1. 4:29.
Dabney, Robet Lewis.Life and Campaigns of Lieutenant General
Thomas J. Jackson, (Stonewall Jackson), Blelock and Co.,
B J14da.
Cooke, John Esten. Stonewall Jackson: a Military
Biography.., D.Appleton and Co., 1866.
B J14co.
______________. Stonewall Jackson and the Old Stonewall
Brigade, University of Virginia Press, 1954.
B J14coo.
______________. The Life of Stonewall Jackson. C.B.
Richardson, 1863.
B J14ck
Crowson, E. "The High Tide of Confederate Fighting," West
Virginia History, Charleston, 1974-75.
Arc 1 4:36.
Chase, William C. Story of Stonewall Jackson, D.E. Luther
Publishing, 1901.
B J14cs.
Chew, Roger Preston. Stonewall Jackson; Address of Colonel
R.P. Chew., Chief of Horse Artillery, Army of Northern Virginia,
Delivered at the Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia,
on the Unveiling of Ezekiel's Statute of General T.J. Jackson, June
19, 1912, Lexington, Rockbridge Co., News Print, 1912.
B J14ch.
Clark, Champ. Decoying the Yanks, Jackson's Valley
Campaign, Time Life Books, 1984.
Clopton, John Jones. The True Stonewall Jackson,
Baltimore, Ruths' Sons Printers, 1913.
B J14cl Pam.
Douglas, Henry Kyd. I Rode with Stonewall Jackson...,
University of North Carolina Press, 1940.
Downer, Edward T. Stonewall Jackson's Shenandoah Calley
Campaign 1862, Jackson Memorial Inc., 1959.
973.731 D748 Pam.
Gilmer, Colonel Harry. Four Years in the Saddle, New
York, Harper, 1866.
Daniel, John Warwick. Character of Stonewall Jackson,
Lynchburg, Schaffter & Bryant Printers, 1868.
B J14dn Pam.
Davis, Burke. They Called Him Stonewall; Life of Lt. General
T.J. Jackson, CSA, New York, Rhinehart, 1954.
B J14d
Debar, Joseph Hubert Diss, "Two Men; Old John Brown and
Stonewall Jackson of Worldwide Fame. Some Interesting Reminiscences
by a Man Who knew them Both," Clarksburg Telegraph,
B B81d Pam.
McLaughlin, William. Ceremonies Connected with the Unveiling
of the Bronze Statue of General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson at
Lexington, Virginia, July 21st 1891. Baltimore, J. Murphy,
B J14mc.
Kershaw, John. Address Delivered Before the Ladies' Memorial
Association and Citizens of Charleston, on Memorial Day, May 10,
1893, S.C. Daggett Printing Co., 1893.
973.713 K41 Pam.
Sutton, Felix. The Valiant Virginian, Stonewall Jackson,
New York, Julian Messner, 1961.
B J14s.
Kane, Harnett Thomas. The Gallant Mrs. Stonewall; a Novel
Based on the Lives of General and Mrs. Stonewall Jackson,
Doubleday, 1957.
F K16hg.
Williamson, Mary Lynn. The Life of General Thomas J. Jackson
"Stonewall," for the Young Fourth Grade Reader, Johnson
Publishing Co., 1899.
B J14w.
Daniel, John Warwick. Speeches and Orations of John Warwick
Daniel, compiled by his Son Edward M. Daniel, on Stonewall
Jackson, J.P. Bell Co., 1911.
Kemper and Hoge. Inauguration of the Jackson Statue, October
26, 1876, Richmond Virginia, Ellis Jones , 1885.
B J14i Pam.
New York University Library. Unveiling of the Bust and Tablet
for Thomas J. Jackson in the Auditorium of the Library of New York
University, May 19, n.p. 1957.
B J14u Pam.
Hopley, Catherine. "Stonewall" Jackson, Late General of the
Confederate States Army, London, Chapman and Hall, 1863.
B J14ho.
Hovey, Carl. Stonewall Jackson, Boston, Small, Maynard
and Co., 1900.
B J14h 1908.
Gittings, John G. Personal Recollections of Stonewall
Jackson, Cincinnati, The Editor Publishing Co., 1899.
B J14g.
Henderson, George Francis Robert. Stonewall Jackson and the
American Civil War, New York, Longmans, Green and Co., 1899,
B J14e.
Jackson, Mrs. Mary Anna Morrison. Life and Letters of General
Thomas J. Jackson by his Wife Mary Anna Jackson, New York,
Harper, 1892.
B J14l.
____________________________. Memoirs of Stonewall Jackson by
his Widow, Prentice Press, 1895.
B J14j.
Newbolt, Sir Henry John. The Book of the Thin Red Line,
New York, Green and Co., 1915.
Meador, Michael M. Historic Jackson's Mill; a Walking
Tour, McClain Printing Co., 1991.
Mayo, C. Stonewall Jackson From a Naval Standpoint. U.S.
Naval Institute, 1917.
B J14ma Pam.
Peterkin, G.W. An Address by Bishop Peterkin Before Camp
Jenkins in Parkersburg, WV in Celebration of the Birthday of
General Lee and Jackson, January 20, 1905. n.p.
973.7 P429 Pam.
Palmer, John Williamson. Stonewall Jackson's Way, W.K.
Bixby, 1915.
Selby, John Millin. Stonewall Jackson as Military
Commander, Van Norstrand, 1968.
B J14se.
Riley, Elihu S. "Stonewall Jackson" a Thesaurus of Anecdotes
of and Incidents in the Life of Lieut.-General Thomas Jonathan
Jackson, CSA, Annapolis, MD, 1920.
B J14ri.
Randolph, Sarah Nicholas. The Life of General Thomas J.
Jackson, Lippincott & Co., 1876.
B J14r.
Bradburn, J. "Old Jack" and His Foot-cavalry, New York,
Bradburn, 1864.
B J14o.
Smith, Edward C. Thomas Jonathan Jackson, 1824-1863,
Weston, WV., 1920.
B J14sm.
Slaughter, Philip. A Sketch of the Life of Randolph
Raifax...Including a Brief Account of Jackson's Celebrated Valley
Campaign, Slaughter, 1878.
B F 164s.
Shaffer, Anna Jackson Preston. Stonewall
Jackson, a Sketch of the Life of Jackson ...Presented to the Senate on May 10, 1928, by
Hon. Cole L. Blease, Senator of South Carolina, Government
Printing Office, 1936.
B J14sh Pam.
Tanner, Robert G. Stonewall in the Valley, Shenandoah Valley
Campaign, Spring, 1962, Doubleday, 1976.
"A Glimpse," Weston Democrat, 12-2-1964.
"A Letter From Stonewall Jackson," WV News, 3-14-1957.
"A Glimpse of the Past," Weston Democrat, 6-13-1963.
"Alabama Stonewall Jackson Memorial Fund," 9-1955.
"Anniversary of Stonewall Jackson," Charleston Gazette, 1-20-1924.
"Bibliography of Works Concerning and Pertaining to...Thomas J.'Stonewall' Jackson, n.d.
"Book Review 'Mighty Stonewall' Presents Brilliant Portrait of Jackson," Exponent, 4- 28-1957.
"Bust of Jackson is Given to N.Y.U.," New York Times, 5-20-1957.
"Bust of Jackson to be Unveiled," Hinton Leader, 5-2-1957.
"City Native "Stonewall' Jackson Died 127 Years Ago Today," Clarksburg Telegram, 5- 10-1990.
"Clarksburg Reiterates Claim to Stonewall," Charleston Gazette, 8-19-1962.
"Cook Tells of lives of Lee and Jackson," Charleston Gazette, 1-18-1925.
"Daughters of Confederacy Cere.Unveil Bust of Gen. Jackson, St. Albans Advertiser, 5- 2-1957.
"Eat Your Heart Out Smithsonian," WV Hillbilly, 3-2-1989.
"Exhibits of Stonewall Jackson Days Attract Interest Here," Clarksburg Exponent, 5-4- 1957.
"Falling Waters and First Action in the Potomac Area," Boyd B. Stutler, 9-18-1960.
"Florida Atlantic Library Yields a Bonanza of Civil War Lore," Orlando Sentinel, 2-20- 1988.
"General Lee's Right Arm," WV Hillbilly, 7-20-1968.
"General T.J. Jackson Sketch, n.d.
"Grafton Man May Have Killed Stonewall Jackson," Daily Sentinel, 9-26-1972.
"Granite Marker Placed at the Grave of Julia Jackson Woodson, Mother of Stonewall, 3-21- 1980.
"Greasy Neal Distant Kin of Stonewall," Beckley Post Herald, 2-16-1965.
"High School Named for Stonewall Jackson..., Clarksburg Exponent-Telegram, 2-9- 1975.
"Historic Ansted Grave Gets Attention," Beckley Post Herald, 7-22-1981.
"Historical Drama Traces Life of Civil War General," Ritchie Gazette, 3-26-1992.
"History of Stonewall Jackson's Family is Typical of WV Pioneer Settlers, Gazette, 5-6- 1928.
"House Where Stonewall Jackson Died Changed into Museum ," Advertiser, 12-2-1926 .
"Isaac Newton Brake,... Vivid Personal Recollections of His First Cousin, Exponent, 4- 30-1930.
"Jackson Kin is Stonewall Too: On Stonewall St.," Clarksburg Telegram, 5-1-1957.
"Jackson Tablet Will be Unveiled Tuesday," Clarksburg-Exponent, 9-24-1911.
"Jackson Resigned From Gray Army". Exponent-Telegram, 12-18-1938.
"Jackson Visited Fayette Co. While Still VMI Professor," Charleston Daily Mail, 4-6- 1962.
"Jackson Called Military Genius," 5-22-1924.
"Jackson Was Great Man, Lincoln, Forney Agreed," Charleston Daily Mail, 8-20- 1959.
"Jackson's Mother is Buried at Ansted," Beckley Post Herald, 8-8-1969.
"Jackson's Birthday Noted," Clarksburg Exponent, 1-21-1992.
"Jackson's Life has Endless Interest...Ranks Famous W Virginian so High, Gazette, 12- 2-1923.
"Jackson's life Woven by Threads of Destiny," n.d.
'Jackson's Boyhood Home Still Mystery," Charleston Gazette, 8-6-1982.
"Julia Had a Mind of Her Own," Clarksburg Exponent-Telegram, 11-24-1991.
"Know Your State, Jackson's Mill," News Release, 7-27-1963.
"Lee-Jackson Memorial Dedicated May 1, Baltimore Association of Commerce," April, 1948.
"'Let Us Cross Over The River': The Final Illness of Stonewall Jackson," Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, January 1995.
"Letter from US Military Academy about Stonewall's Records," 1-21-1965.
"Local Windows Show Historical Jackson Items," Clarksburg Telegram, 5-3-1957.
"MacArthur Lauds 'Stonewall' Jackson," New York Journal-American, 5-19-1957.
"Man o' War: The Life and Times of Stonewall Jackson," Charleston Gazette, 8-14- 1997.
"Many Statuew Honor Jackson," Charleston Gazette, 8-23-1959.
"Map Showing all os Stonewall Jackson's Movements, Stonewall Jackson Memorial, Inc., n.d.
"Memorial Needs Jackson's Letters," Letter from White House, 5-19-1955.
"News Release for Medal Honoring T.J. 'Stonewall' Jackson," Coin & Currency Institute, 1972.
"Oh, Dear, Clarksburg Will Be Mad," West Virginia Hillbilly, 6-15-1964.
"Old Account Describes In Detail Death of Gen. Stonewall Jackson," Exponent-Telegram, 4- 26-1931.
"Old Blue Light Special" Stonewall Jackson... Outdoor Drama..," Charleston Gazette, 6- 25-1992.
"Old Jack's Three Spots," West Virginia Hillbilly, 11-6-1986.
"Park That May... In the State Made Lasting Memorial to Stonewall Jackson," n.d.
"Parkersburg Resident Discovers Letter From General Jackson in Heirlooms, News, 6- 28-1964.
'Personal Reminiscences of Stonewall Jackson," n.d.
"Picture of Medal Honoring Stonewall Jackson," 1972.
"Religious Character of Stonewall Jackson," Stonewall Jackson Memorial, VMI, 6-23-1897.
"Remarks on Stonewall Jackson's Death., Congressional Record, 5-9-1963.
"Sketch of 'Uncle Mose' Stonewall Jackson's Nurse," Clarksburg-Exponent, 9-24- 1911.
"Something About Stonewall," Charleston Daily Mail, 12-27-1925.
"South Celebrates Birthday Two Great Confederate Generals," Huntington Advertiser, 1-20-1924.
"Souvenir Program for Unveiling Statue of Stonewall Jackson," 5-10-1953.
"Stone Marks Burial Place of Stonewall"s Left Arm," Charleston Daily Mail, 8-19- 1959.
"Stonewall Jackson and the Valley Campaign," 1878.
"Stonewall Jackson," American Heritage, 12-1996.
"Stonewall Jackson in Maryland," Century Magazine, n.d.
"Stonewall Jackson Biographical Information," www.vmi.edu/archtml/tjjbio.html.
"Stonewall Jackson in the Shenandoah," Century Magazine, 1885.
"Stonewall Jackson Bust Unveiled, United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1958 &1959.
"Stonewall Jackson House Restoration Report, Historic Lexington Foundation, 1976-1981.
"Stonewall jackson's Mother Buried in Ansted Cemetery," Meadow River Post, 3-8- 1968.
"Stonewall Jackson Shrine," www.nps.gov/frsp/js.htm.
"Stonewall Jackson's Old Home and Shrine, Charleston Daily Mail,10-14-1923.
"Stonewall Club Marks Anniversary of Death of Clarksburg's Famed War Hero," 5-11- 1994.
"Stonewall Jackson, Lee's Right Arm, Illness Victim," Charleston Daily Mail, n.d.
"Stonewall Jackson, Incidents in the Early History of the Great Wizard," Courier Journal , n.d.
"Stonewall Jackson's Heritage," Kyle McCormick, Archives & History, 9-13-1959.
"Stonewall Jackson Resigns.. Richmond Meddles With His Army," Education Foundation, 12-3- 1961.
"Stonewall Jackson, He Being Dead, Yet Speaketh," n.d.
"Stonewall Jackson, by the Rev. Henry M. Field, D.D., Harper's, 11-1981.
"Stonewall Jackson Memorial, Inc." , n.d.
"Stonewall Jackson-Sportsman," West Virginia Hills & Streams, January-February, 1949.
"Stonewall's Grand-niece... Prepares to Move to Denver, Co," Republican Delta, 5-9- 1974.
"Stonewall's Birthplace Starts Tale of Two Cities," West Virginian, 6-19-1964.
'Stonewall's Last Eight Days," by Don S. Marsh, Charleston Gazette, 12-8-1957.
"Terrell, Birshtein Invited to N.Y. Ceremony for Jackson," Clarksburg Exponent, 5-2- 1957.
"There He Stood Like a Stonewall," West Virginia Hillbilly, 1-5-1989.
"To Honor Two Great Generals," Calhoun Chronicle, 2-21-1929.
"Town Topics, Portrait of Woman Maybe Elizabeth Cummings," Weston Democrat, 11- 12-1964.
"Tribute Paid to 'Stonewall' Jackson by His Native City, Clarksburg Exponent, 9-27- 1911.
"Unique Jackson Letter is Owned by Craddock," Exponent-Telegram, 2-19-1928.
"Winchester Has Shrine for West Virginia Son," Martinsburg Journal, 12-19-1963.
"Writer Disputes Clarksburg's Claim as Stonewall's Birthplace," Kyle McCormick, 3-28- 1958.
Jackson Resources
Virginia Military Institute Archives site featuring Frequently Asked Questions, biographical information, and the full text of some of the archives' Stonewall Jackson papers.
Stonewall Jackson
Information on Jackson's Lexington residence and a bibliography
Stonewall Jackson
National Park Service site
Notable Individuals in West Virginia History


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Look at the beautiful invites Dana Cordova made for our good friends bridal shower later this month. She pulled her inspiration from French Colonial Era, "a-la-Indochine".
Read her full post here.
Order your own invites here!
The design is beautiful!
So pretty! Love the colors.
Camila Faria
Those are gorgeous!
These are amazing!Love the butterfly prints


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Day: October 9, 2018
Making a Masterpiece within the Mess
We are all flawed warriors just trying to make it through our battles
2nd year BA Primary & Early Years Education student @sussexuni. Also student rep & outreach ambassador. Epsecially interested in children's literature & mental health. "Life is about making an impact, not making an income"
Natalia's space
We're gonna travel the world by bike to spread love, respect and culture of bicycle all over!
Living: All Day Every Day: Then Chattering About It
We live to write and write to live ... professional writers talk about the craft and business of writing
Jacqui Murray's
A daily selection of the best content published on WordPress, collected for you by humans who love to read.
The best longform stories on the web
The latest news on WordPress.com and the WordPress community.


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Chartered Building Surveyors
Doncaster Heights
In the nearly 25 years that I've been a land surveyor I've been contacted by thousands of property owners looking to have their land surveyed. All too often they make their decisions based on only one factor, price; which often leads to dissatisfaction with their choice and sometimes a less than quality survey, too. The following 10 tips are developed from my experience and will help you in hiring the right professional land surveyor to survey your land.
1. Is the person you're hiring licensed to perform land surveying services?
- Professional Land Surveyors are required to be licensed by the state they work or offer services in. If you hire someone to survey your land that isn't qualified to legally survey in the state that you live, you're throwing away your money and that person is breaking the law. If you have any doubts contact your states licensing board to confirm that this individual is a licensed professional land surveyor.
2. Does this person have Professional Liability Insurance?
- This is insurance, like doctors' malpractice insurance, which protects you if the professional land surveyor makes a mistake. Land surveyors are no different than any other human being and they can make mistakes in their professional capacities. Would you see a doctor, or have surgery performed, knowing that the doctor or surgeon didn't have malpractice insurance?
3. Does this person or firm have Workers Compensation Insurance?
- Each state is different, and not all states may require this: but who is responsible if the person you hire, or their employees, get hurt or injured while surveying on your land? If this type of insurance is required in your state make sure that the person or firm you hire to survey your land has this insurance and is in compliance with your state law.
- The reason you hire a land surveyor to survey your land is to determine the extents, or outline, of the property. If the property corners are not marked how will you know this? And, if it is not marked with permanent markers, likely to last for many years, what good is it? You should never accept wooden stakes as property markers, unless they are temporary due to some mitigating factor like imminent land grading or nearby construction activity, plastic flagging dangling from a branch, or vague explanations, when the survey is supposedly completed, such as "near the Pole", "near the mailbox", or "under the shrub". Suitable permanent markers include Plastic Stakes, Iron Rods, Iron Pipes, Rebar, Railroad Spikes, Magnetic Nails and other nails in paved areas, Drilled Holes in boulders or stone walls, Concrete and Granite Bounds.
10. Will they walk the property with you?
- In the course of conducting a survey your land surveyor will set many independent survey control markers and will find many existing monuments; not all of these may be at your property corners. It can be confusing at first. So, make sure that the professional land surveyor is willing to walk your property with you to identify the actual monuments and markers that mark your property corners.
In conclusion, the above 10 Tips On Hiring A Professional Land Surveyor to survey your land is so you can find an experienced professional land surveyor that will give you value and quality. Your land is too valuable not to hire the best professional land surveyor and have the best relationship with this professional, right from the start.
Surveying can cover many areas such as land, minerals, construction projects, antiques, houses and others. Hence, it is a profession, which encompasses many areas. When a person is interested to work as a chartered surveyor, he must possess some skills in common. Chartered surveyors can easily find employment in several fields.
Chartered building surveyors are those who offer advice on the construction and design of new buildings and the remodeling and redesign of old buildings. They may also be required to assess safety and health requirements and be engaged in the improvement and maintenance of buildings.
There are other kinds of surveyors also such as residential property surveyors who offer advice on development and sale of houses or apartments. Construction surveyors are engaged in the development of construction projects such as new houses or dams. Management and assessment of costs pertaining to building projects comes under the work area of the Quantity surveyors.
Environmental surveyors have to make sure that the specifications for construction and design does not affect the environment. They can also work towards making improvements towards energy conservation. Those who suggest ways and means to make optimal use of machinery and plants in an industry are called the technical surveyors. Land ready for redevelopment is reported after assessment by the geomatics or land surveyors. Mining and Minerals surveyors offer valuation services related to the development of mines, waste management sites, quarries etc.
As far as employers in the private sector are concerned, jobs are provided by property companies, construction companies, consultancies, large firms, estate agencies, housing associations, etc. Universities, hospital trusts, government departments and local authorities are some of the employers in the public sector. You can find jobs advertised in the website of Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS), Property Week, Surveyor, Estates Gazette etc.
You must become a member of the RICS, a professional body in order to become a chartered surveyor. For this, you must have a degree approved by the RICS. Once a person completes the RICS-accredited course, he/she has to become fully qualified by gaining more experience.
Chartered building surveyors have excellent prospects for career advancement. Surveyors can with a few years of experience progress to the senior managerial level. Surveyors can also become self-employed. There are excellent work opportunities for surveyors abroad.
What Are Building Surveys and Who Should Take Care of the Surveys?Building Surveyors
Land surveys are very important if you own or are considering owning any land. They tell you exactly where the boundaries of your land are and protect you from any future land ownership disputes with your neighbors!
So you know that you need a land survey, but how do you go about getting one done?
- Speak to your local town council or look online for free access to property records and land surveys. Make a copy of the maps and use those when surveying your land. Also get hold of any other documents that could be of help - including the property deed.
- Continue onwards until you have completed the full perimeter of your property and made note of all the markers. You will now have surveyed your land and know where the property boundaries are.
- If you are trying to solve any legal disputes then you should always consult a licensed land surveyor.
- Only licensed land surveyors are permitted to perform legally standing land surveys.
Building surveys come in lots of different shapes and sizes and as you would expect come with different price tags, reflecting the amount of work and detail involved as well as the qualifications of the person undertaking the survey. This article focuses on the types of survey, rather than who undertakes them although the latter is equally, if not more important if it is to be money well spent.
Surveys tend to fall into four main types, but many practitioners will tailor their reports to suit their own style of writing and incorporate what they feel are the most important aspects. The exception to this is the RICS Homebuyer report that has pre-determined headings and a set format, although even that can be embellished a little if the writer so chooses. In my view the most important aspect of a survey is; does it give the level of information and detail that a purchaser is expecting and looking for? Some will and some won't!
Specific Survey - Sometimes, a previous 'bad' experience or personal knowledge of the type of property or locality will give a buyer concern over one or more particular elements of the building. In these circumstances a report can be submitted which deals specifically with that/those parts.
I would advise that if you are planning on appointing a surveyor to undertake a survey on your behalf, you discuss your requirements in detail with them to ensure that you are offered the survey that best suits your needs.


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Full Description
Provides centralized agency-wide program direction and management services to support effective administration and FDA's consumer protection efforts within its regulatory framework and to put available resources to the most efficient use. Immediate Office of the Commissioner Commissioners Page Biographies and accomplishments of current and former heads of FDA Office of the Chief Counsel Provides legal advice and policy guidance for programs administered by FDA. Represents the agency in civil litigation, criminal litigation, and administrative hearings Office of the Chief Scientist Provides strategic leadership, coordination, and expertise to support scientific excellence, innovation and capacity to achieve the Food and Drug Administration's public health mission. Supports the National Center for Toxicological Research Office of the Counselor to the Commissioner Advises the Commissioner on policy development, interpretation and integration; provides leadership in emergency and crisis management policies and programs Office of Executive Secretariat Coordinates FDA's communications to the media, Congress, health professionals, patient advocates, and the general public Office of External Affairs Coordinates FDA's communications to the media, Congress, health professionals, patient advocates, and the general public Office of Legislation Advises and assists the Commissioner and other key agency officials concerning legislative needs, pending legislation and oversight activities that affect FDA. Office of Minority Health Provides leadership and direction in identifying agency actions that can help reduce health disparities and in coordinating minority health related efforts across the Agency. Office of Policy and Planning Advises key FDA officials on strategic direction, policy, regulations, legislation, and planning and evaluation activities. Office of Women's Health Principal advisor to the Commissioner and other key agency officials on scientific, ethical and policy issues relating to women's health.


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The Ocean
Our ocean covers 72% (and rising) of this small planet and is home to most of the globe's biomass, or living matter, and biodiversity. We know that from bacteria to plankton to the blue whale, life in the ocean greatly affects life on land, yet we know very little about the ocean. At least 80% is yet to be explored.
Conceptual computer artwork of the total volume of water on Earth (left) and of air in the Earth's atmosphere (right) shown as spheres (blue and pink). The spheres show how finite water and air supplies are. The water sphere measures 1,390 kilometres across and has a volume of 1.4 billion cubic kilometres. This includes all the water in the oceans, seas, ice caps, lakes and rivers as well as ground water, and that in the atmosphere. The air sphere measures 1,999 kilometres across and weighs 5,140 trillion tonnes. As the atmosphere extends from Earth it becomes less dense. Half of the air lies within the first 5 kilometres of the atmosphere.
This section of MarineBio explores some of what is known about the ocean and provides an online introduction to marine biology and ocean science. Here we begin the journey into this planet's largest living space—The Ocean.
Ocean Science
The ocean is studied by separating it into different, though interrelated, scientific disciplines. To fully understand life in the sea we must consider the big picture: marine life and its interaction with its environment, as well as other life, including humans. The following sections will provide you with an overview of Marine Biology in terms of the physical, chemical, and biological marine environment.
Ocean History
- The processes that have molded the ocean basins over billions of years.
Ocean Chemistry
- Ocean life is largely made up of the same chemicals that comprise the ocean.
Light & Color
- Sunlight in the sea and its interaction with ocean waters is a very important physical phenomenon...
Ocean & Temperature
- Ocean temperatures play vital roles in regulating our planet's climate and bringing nutrients to marine life.
Sounds of the Sea
- Sound travel underwater—the acoustics of the ocean. Can you hear me? Good...
Currents & Tides
- The effects and causes of the continuous flow of ocean water and its surface which is always rising and falling.
Ocean Geography
- Five "oceans" - Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Southern - covering ~71% of the Earth's surface...
Geological Makeup of Marine Environments
- Tectonic plates to the lives of creatures that exist in the most extreme environments.
Marine Zones
- Beaches, intertidal, epipelagic, pelagic, and benthic zones... ecosystems for every imaginable creature.
Estuaries, Salt Marshes & Mangroves
- Vital ecosystems and nursing grounds for marine life.
Continental Shelves
- Where most marine life lives and almost all fishing takes place...
The Open Ocean
- Everything outside of coastal areas... the wild blue yonder...
Arctic & Antarctic
- Places of abundant life, lots of ice and the coldest places on Planet Ocean.
The Deep Sea
- The cold, dark, deep that makes up 80% of the ocean living space.
An ocean (from Greek Ωκεανός, Okeanos (Oceanus)) is a major body of saline water, and a principal component of the hydrosphere. Approximately 72% of the Earth's surface (~3.61 X 1014m2) is covered by ocean, a continuous body of water that is customarily divided into several principal oceans and smaller seas.
More than half of this area is over 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) deep. Average oceanic salinity is around 35 parts per thousand (ppt) (3.5%), and nearly all seawater has a salinity in the range of 30 to 38 ppt. Scientists estimate that 230,000 marine life forms of all types are currently known, but the total could be up to 10 times that number.
Though generally described as several 'separate' oceans, these waters comprise one global, interconnected body of salt water often referred to as the World Ocean or global ocean. This concept of a continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts is of fundamental importance to oceanography.
The major oceanic divisions are defined in part by the continents, various archipelagos, and other criteria. These divisions are (in descending order of size):
- Pacific Ocean, which separates Asia and Australia from the Americas
- Atlantic Ocean, which separates the Americas from Eurasia and Africa
- Indian Ocean, which washes upon southern Asia and separates Africa and Australia
- Southern Ocean, the southern portions of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, which encircles Antarctica and covers much of the Antarctic
- Arctic Ocean, sometimes considered a sea of the Atlantic, which covers much of the Arctic and borders northern North America and Eurasia
The Pacific and Atlantic may be further subdivided by the equator into northern and southern portions. Smaller regions of the oceans are called seas, gulfs, bays, straits and other names.
Geologically, an ocean is an area of oceanic crust covered by water. Oceanic crust is the thin layer of solidified volcanic basalt that covers the Earth's mantle. Continental crust is thicker but less dense. From this perspective, the earth has three oceans: the World Ocean, the Caspian Sea, and Black Sea. The latter two were formed by the collision of Cimmeria with Laurasia. The Mediterranean Sea is at times a discrete ocean, because tectonic plate movement has repeatedly broken its connection to the World Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar. The Black Sea is connected to the Mediterranean through the Bosporus, but the Bosporous is a natural canal cut through continental rock some 7,000 years ago, rather than a piece of oceanic sea floor like the Strait of Gibraltar.
Despite their names, smaller landlocked bodies of saltwater that are not connected with the World Ocean, such as the Aral Sea, are actually salt lakes.
Feedback & Citation
Start or join a discussion below about this page or send us an email to report any errors or submit suggestions for this page. We greatly appreciate all feedback!
Help Protect and Restore Ocean Life
Help us protect and restore marine life by supporting our various online community-centered marine conservation projects that are effectively sharing the wonders of the ocean with millions each year around the world, raising a balanced awareness of the increasingly troubling and often very complex marine conservation issues that affect marine life and ourselves directly, providing support to marine conservation groups on the frontlines that are making real differences today, and the scientists, teachers and students involved in the marine life sciences.
Support us with a monthly donation today.
With your support, most marine life and their ocean habitats can be protected, if not restored to their former natural levels of biodiversity. We sincerely thank our thousands of members, donors and sponsors, who have decided to get involved and support the MarineBio Conservation Society.


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Ross Says He Got More People For The Mafia Music! "Ima Disrespect Them G-Unit Monkeys Forever. F*ck Them Niccas. He Can't Compete With Me Musically + "Shout Out To Mazaradi Cocks" + "Im Waitin On Tia's Diary" + Says Eminem Swag Aint The Same [Audi
Rick Ross interview with Dj Envy. Says Eminem should be on the Mafia Music Remix, Shout out to Bang Bang Boogie & takes a shot at Mazaradi Fox
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


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Kenergizer brauchte ein neues Website Design und hat einen Wettbewerb auf 99designs gestartet.
Aus 22 Designs von 10 Designern wurde eine Gewinner gewählt.
The Web's newest and soon to be greatest source for small business information launches soon--and we need your help to create a compelling image. We're using WordPress, so please keep that in mind. Our Logo is done, but our image is not--so be creative, bold and FUN. We cater to small business and entrepreneurs--and they need to feel comfortable. Can you create something special?
The Really Useful Show
The Really Useful Show will run every day--20 minutes of great business-building content! Our site needs to do two things--provide a comfortable place for people to come every day. And for people to join a community of people that share ideas. We want people to do 2 or 3 things when they come to our site--1--Download our free HOTSHEET so we can capture their email address and give them free content. 2--buy products from our guests (so we need a big button for them to buy from!) and 3--leave comments on the blog. We must also engage them--so they love what they see!
1. See http://www.reallyusefulshow.com/blog to see what we're currently using as a template. We want those elements in our new design--the site isn't live now and we know it's missing "something"--your job is to find that "something" and put it in!
2. See http://www.reallyusefulshow.tv for our logo and taglines. Go to the "About the Show" button and scroll to the bottom for our taglines and logo. We love the colors in the background of the logo at the top of the page, so if you can use that color scheme, fine--but please feel free to create your own!
3. Our style needs to be bold and fun. It needs to be friendly. And it should be easy to modify as needed--ie like Google does for holidays and seasons...
4. We need to have the same buttons as on our template in #1--but please feel free to make them nicer!! The "FREE Hotsheet" needs to really stand out--it could have a flame, for example.
5. Please note that we will be using WIDESCREEN video--so plan your design accordingly. Thanks!
6. I want you to be creative--so have fun!
7. We do want the Guest's Special Offer to appear above the fold--(or at least have a good portion appear, to capture attention)
This site is for entrepreneurs and small business people--so our image must be bold and professional. It must inspire hope and prosperity.
Please avoid orange--use colors that signify wealth.


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I used tons and tons of other products and the smell as well as the results don't come close to the Perfecting Crème. The other products left my skin oily and greasy, and smelling like coconut, or strange oils.
During the second and third trimesters your uterus will grow rapidly, stretching the skin over the stomach and tearing the connective tissues in the dermis. The torn tissue heals with irregular scars known as stretch marks (striae gravidarum). Growth of fat deposits in the breasts, hips, thighs, and bottom can cause stretch marks in these areas as well.
Stretch marks are usually caused by pregnancy, but they can also happen during puberty, or from certain hormonal imbalances.
Stretch marks affect up to 80% of all women. They occur more often in first pregnancies, the fair-skinned and the overweight. There is definitely a genetic component, but there are things you can do to minimize your risk.
Keep your weight gain within the guidelines recommended by your obGYN, to minimize the amount of stretching your skin has to do.
Cocoa butter has been a favorite to try and prevent stretch marks, but while it is a good moisturizer there is no research showing a benefit from this ingredient. It does serve as an effective base for ingredients proven to help prevent and minimize stretch marks and is used in the Perfecting Crème formula.
Stretch marks will fade slightly over time. The search for a miracle cream has led to some irresponsible marketing claims by several companies. The truth is that no cream has ever been shown in research to make stretch marks disappear completely.
Specifically, Perfecting Crème offers a sophisticated peptide compound to help prevent stretch marks by promoting the synthesis of collagen and fibronectin. It is clinically proven to have a brightening effect thus helping to reduce the darkness of stretch marks; smoothes skin's texture and reduces the appearance of stretch marks.
"Noodle & Boo wins! Ive tried Palmers cocoa butter and Mustela products and their results were not as noticeable as the Perfecting Crème. The Perfecting Crème results were instant!"
– F. Claudy
Massage Perfecting Crème onto bust, belly and hehind every morning and evening. Best result with consistent use. To be used during and after pregnancy.
For external use only. Keep out of reach of children.
water (aqua), cetearyl alcohol, polysorbate 60, *organic butyrospermum parkii (shea butter), *organic helianthus annus seed oil (sunflower), palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, palmitoyl tripeptide-1, phaseolus lunatus seed extract (green bean), rutin, cetyl alcohol, cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose, butylene glycol, glycerin (vegetable), *organic theobroma cacao seed butter (cocoa), persea gratissima oil (avocado), honey, tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E), panthenol (provitamin B5), tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate (vitamin C), lecithin, sodium dehydroacetate, disodium edta, ethylhexylglycerin, xanthan gum, sodium pca, phenoxyethanol, fragrance (parfum)
*certified organic
What I love most about the Perfecting Creme is the scent. It's pleasant, yet not overpowering. When I first started this trial my stretch marks were really shiny, but the longer I used the creme they toned down a bit in the shine department. My stretch marks were a few years old, but I can definitely tell a difference in my skin texture (around the stretch marks).
I have tried many products, nothing worked for my skin. Then one thing about Noodle & Boo is the smell and absorbency of the creme was far better then any creme I've ever tried, and no staining of my clothes.
Very satisfied with this product. I love the fact that after putting on the Crème my hands were not greasy. The Crème absorbed very well into my skin. Weekly i would see a tremendous change in the color of my stretch marks and even the texture of my skin.
I had only tried regular lotions - no specific stretch mark cremes. This was dramatically better!
I have tried using various cocoa butter products, but they were extremely greasy and had a strong smell. I couldn't stand the greasiness long enough to see if they produce results. This Perfecting Crème is FAR superior to all the other products I have tried due to it's nice smell, texture, and it's skin-smoothing effects.
We stand behind our baby and maternity skin care products 100%! If you are not completely happy with your purchase for any reason you may return it. We ask that you do so within 14 days of receipt. Simply call us at 888.400.5454 to request a call tag. Once you receive it, send us the product in its original packaging and a copy of the original invoice. Please include your contact information so we can expedite the return.
Shipping charges are not refundable.
Mail to:
Noodle & Boo, LLC
99 Almaden Boulevard, Suite 500
San Jose, CA 95113
Being a Buddy allows you to receive special offers and limited time discounts available only through our website. You do not need to provide any additional information other than your e-mail address.
P.S. - We do not share your email address with anybody.
Receive complimentary samples with every order.


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Three Things
posted on: January 31, 2012
12 comments:
good things come in threes! thanks for sharing these beauties. i'm loving that bag and am interested in sea salt spray now. i received heath mugs for christmas and they brighten up my morning coffee routine :)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousFebruary 1, 2012 at 4:34 AM
that necklace is so stunning.ReplyDelete
I've been meaning to try CSA products for awhile now. Is there a particular product(s)that you really enjoy?ReplyDelete
what a gorgeous necklace.... also, ive been looking for all-natural hair/skin remedies so Im defs going to try CSA :)ReplyDelete
I love Aloha Sunday!ReplyDelete
I'm in love with that quartz necklace. I think I've said it before, I think you have the coolest stuff! Your house must be like a treasure's trove.ReplyDelete
ohhh i am in love with that necklace!!ReplyDelete
That necklace is amazing, I love raw stones!ReplyDelete
<3 Kelly
I'm intrigued by that sea salt spray. Might just have to try it out!ReplyDelete
ok - gotta have that necklace! so pretty!ReplyDelete
Citrus Ginger sounds like it smells amazing! Words with Friends is actually brighten up my days...haha im addicted!ReplyDelete
i have that bag too! such a good one!ReplyDelete
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Junior Texas Senator Ted Cruz: How can a junior senator from Texas have more control over the House of Representatives than the Speaker of the House of his own party? No one can say for sure, but Cruz was driving the GOP bus as he led a filibuster to hold the Affordable Care Act hostage. This was a slow motion car crash that ended exactly the way everyone knew it would, but the fact that no one could stop it is testament to the dysfunction in Washington.
Speaker of the House John Boehner: Can you be influential by not being influential? When you hold the highest office in Congress and can't prevent your own party from committing an extreme act of stupidity, that is a significant event. Especially one in which everyone knew what the eventual outcome would be.
Botched ACA web rollout: With the GOP committing Hara Kiri in the government shutdown and debt ceiling debate, all President Obama and Health & Human Services Chair Kathleen Sebelius had to do was not screw up. But the rollout of the Affordable Care Act website was an unmitigated disaster. Yes, there were folks bound and determined to kill the ACA and paint it as a failure however it played out, but the web rollout was something completely under the control of the administration, and they blew it.
George Mitchell: Hydraulic fracking had been around for many decades but Mitchell and his company, Mitchell Energy & Development Corp., are credited with creating advances in the technique that have led to the revolutionary development of shale oil and gas reserves. The huge growth in U.S. production this year offset numerous geopolitical disruptions. A story in The Economist this year referred to Mitchell as the "Father of Fracking" and noted "Few businesspeople have done as much to change the world as George Mitchell."
Jamie Dimon: Perhaps some of the bloom is off of the rose of the JPMorgan Chairman and CEO after a tough year involving losses and multiple settlements, two of which surpassed the billion dollar threshold. But if you can spend the year writing multi-billion dollar settlement checks and still maintain your job, you must have some pull.
Jeff Sprecher: When Jeff Sprecher and IntercontinentalExchange (ICE) put in a competing bid for the Chicago Board of Trade back in 2006 not many people took it seriously initially, but he nearly snatched the CBOT away from CME Group. In 2013, ICE closed its acquisition of the storied New York Stock Exchange. Enough said.


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Wednesday, February 26, 2014
Modcloth Polyvore Outfit Challenge!
One of my all time favorite clothing websites - Modcloth - approached me last week and asked me if I would be interested in creating a Polyvore outfit featuring their products. Of course I'm interested, I love their entire product catalog!
While I own very few things from Modcloth because I have a hard time justifying a lot of their dress prices (someday, when I'm not horribly broke!), I still salivate wildly over their dresses almost every day. Their cuts and prints are all so cute and flattering and they are massively geek friendly, which is awesome.
Today I was challenged to style the Lead by Example dress, a cute dark blue number with a really cute neckline and great sheath skirt (gathered in all the right places to be flattering!). Unfortunately with my pear shape I don't think this dress would work on me, but it's so cute nonetheless!
The easy way to go with this dress would be to dress it up for a classy night out or for the 9 to 5, but as you guys know I don't LIKE to take the easy way out! I styled this dress for date night - with friends or your boyfriend - with a cute kitty inspired twist. Because who DOESN'T love cats?!
Would you guys wear this outfit?
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