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About Us
The University of Washington is one of the world's preeminent public universities. Our impact on individuals, on our region, and on the world is profound — whether we are launching young people into a boundless future or confronting the grand challenges of our time through undaunted research and scholarship. Ranked number 10 in the world in Shanghai Jiao Tong University rankings and educating more than 54,000 students annually, our students and faculty work together to turn ideas into impact and in the process transform lives and our world. For more about our impact on the world, every day. So what defines us — the students, faculty and community members at the University of Washington? Above all, it's our belief in possibility and our unshakable optimism. It's a connection to others, both near and far. It's a hunger that pushes us to tackle challenges and pursue progress. It's the conviction that together we can create a world of good. Join us on the journey.


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Related Items
Trending Stories
Klinsmann Announces First 16 Players to Report to Training Camp in Orlando
Additional Group to be Revealed May 20; Final 23-Man Roster for Five-Game Series will be Released May 25
CHICAGO (May 15, 2012) — U.S. Men's National Team head coach Jurgen Klinsmann has named an initial squad of 16 players that will begin reporting today to the ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex in Orlando, Fla. The group consists largely of foreign-based players who have completed their seasons and are ready to prepare for the series of matches that culminates in the start of FIFA World Cup qualifying on June 8 against Antigua & Barbuda in Tampa, Fla.
As many as 13 additions will be announced May 20 and will be a mixture of domestic and foreign-based players to round out the training camp. The team will train in Orlando until May 25, when Klinsmann will select a final 23-man roster for the upcoming five matches. The group then departs for Jacksonville, Fla., in preparation for the match on May 26 against Scotland (8 p.m. ET, NBC Sports Network, Galavision). The team will host a public training session May 25 at EverBank Field.
"All the players coming now for this very special four-week period represent our core,†said Klinsmann. "It's a clear signal to other players that right now it's down to business. We're playing World Cup qualifiers. It's not about experimenting or seeing different players, it's about who we think are the best. We are excited to start with this first group of players, and then welcome more at the beginning of next week. It's the first time we will have our best players together for a longer stretch of time, so we have a chance to work very hard and go out and get results.†[More Quotes]
The nearly month-long series of training and games has been designed to mimic the circumstances the team will face in a tournament format, with meticulous planning dedicated to technical aspects, travel, nutrition, logistics and the rhythm of team movement to create a performance-driven environment.
INITIAL U.S. ROSTER BY POSITION -Â Detailed RosterÂ
GOALKEEPERS (3): Brad Guzan (Aston Villa), Tim Howard (Everton), Nick Rimando (Real Salt Lake)
DEFENDERS (4): Carlos Bocanegra (Rangers), Edgar Castillo (Club Tijuana), Steve Cherundolo (Hannover), Alfredo Morales (Hertha Berlin)
MIDFIELDERS (8): Kyle Beckerman (Real Salt Lake), Michael Bradley (Chievo Verona), Joe Corona (Club Tijuana), Maurice Edu (Rangers), Fabian Johnson (Hoffenheim), Jermaine Jones (Schalke 04), Jose Torres (Pachuca), Danny Williams (Hoffenheim)
FORWARDS (1): Clint Dempsey (Fulham)
May 15: Beckerman, Castillo, Cherundolo, Corona, Guzan, Johnson, Jones, Torres, Williams
May 16: Guzan, Morales
May 18: Bradley, Bocanegra, Dempsey, Edu, Howard
- Clint Dempsey is coming off a record-setting season for a U.S. international in England, recording his 50th career English Premier League goal while setting a single-season mark for league goals scored (17) and goals in all competitions (23). He also tallied the USA's lone goal in the 1-0 win against Italy on Feb. 29 in Genoa.Â
- U.S. captain Carlos Bocanegra begins his second century of caps after collecting his 100th in the 3-2 win against Slovenia on Nov. 15, 2011, in Ljubljana, Bocanegra finished the season in Scotland wearing the captain's armband for Rangers.Â
- Jermaine Jones helped Schalke 04 to a third-place finish in the Bundesliga and a spot in next year's UEFA Champions League.Â
- Michael Bradley played in a career-high 34 league games in his first season at Chievo Verona in Italy's Serie A, the Flying Donkeys finishing in 10th in the league table.Â
- Tim Howard sits in second place all-time for victories among U.S. goalkeepers, and tied for third in shutouts.Â
- Kyle Beckerman and Nick Rimando are the only MLS players reporting early, as Real Salt Lake have no games scheduled this week. The other MLS players selected will report after the weekend's league matches.Â
- The Hoffenheim duo of Fabian Johnson and Danny Williams continue a regular run with the National Team after finishing in 11th place in the Bundesliga. Williams will be evaluated after injuring his shoulder last month.Â
- Jose Torres returns to the U.S. fold for the first time since last September, missing all of the subsequent camps due to injury.Â
- Joe Corona is the only player making his first appearance on the MNT roster. The midfielder and Development Academy product scored four goals for the U-23 MNT in the 2012 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying tournament.Â
- Bocanegra and Maurice Edu play for Scottish Premier League side Rangers alongside Scotland defenders Lee Wallace and Steven Whittaker and goalkeeper Allan McGregor.
The U.S. has collected four consecutive victories, including three straight shutout wins highlighted by the 1-0 triumph against four-time World Cup champion Italy. A total of 42 players have earned at least one cap since Klinsmann took the helm last July, and he and the coaching have now refined the player pool in advance of this summer's crucial activities.
The team has lined up a series of friendlies in preparation for the start of World Cup qualifying. Following the match against Scotland, the U.S. continues its competition against the world's top teams when it hosts five-time World Cup champions Brazil on Wednesday, May 30 in Landover, Md. Kickoff for the USA's first-ever match at FedExField is set for 8 p.m. ET, and the match will be broadcast live on ESPN2, ESPN3 and TeleFutura. Fans can also follow the match live online via ussoccer.com's MatchTracker and Twitter @ussoccer.
For the last game before the start of World Cup qualifying, the United States will make a rare visit to Canada when it renews the rivalry June 3 at BMO Field in Toronto. Kickoff for the USA's first match on Canadian soil since 1997 is set for 7 p.m. ET, and the match will be broadcast live on NBC Sports Network and Univision Deportes Network.
The United States will kick off the effort to qualify for its seventh-consecutive FIFA World Cup when it hosts Antigua & Barbuda on June 8 at Raymond James Stadium. The Semifinal Round opener begins at 7 p.m. ET live on ESPN, ESPN3 and Galavision. Four days later, the U.S. plays its first road match in group play this cycle when it visits Guatemala.

subset: commoncrawl


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My Rumey had a CUTE boyfriend???
Well she did…but apparently not anymore! And he is CUTE! And shares the same taste in headwear!
Rumer Willis's now ex boyfriend is called Rafi Gavron, a British actor, 19, who resembles James Franco. You'll recall I reported last year a tip from a reader that saw her leaving Winstons with Franco in May. Sounds like it was actually Rafi.
But now Rafi has apparently moved on to Jessica Szhor, better known as Vanessa from Gossip Girl who looks WAY better on the show than she does on the carpet! Too much makeup!
Poor Rumey. She'd have to work the sh*t out of her angles to get Rafi back from Jessica.
photos from Wenn.com


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Welcome to the new home of Baby Surrey, Baby Hampshire and Baby London!
We've merged the websites together to create the ultimate space for parents. Packed with informative features and expert advice, while covering everything from health and education to fashion and travel. Whatever stage you're at on the pregnancy and parenting journey, we'd love to hear how it's going – join us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, and look out for the new issue of Baby Surrey.


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Member and Patient Resources ▼
You have a right to request an amendment to your medical record if you believe the information is incorrect or incomplete. The amendment would include the information you believe is in error, and your corrections to that information.
To request an amendment to your medical information, submit a completed Request amendment to medical information form (pdf) directly to the HIM Department at the facility where you received treatment. The form may be submitted by mail, fax, or in person. (Addresses and fax numbers are included on the form.)
Changes to demographic information (for example, name, date of birth, address, etc.) in your medical record do not require the request form. You may request a change to this information by submitting a written request by fax or mail to:
Cape Canaveral Hospital
701 West Cocoa Beach Causeway
Cocoa Beach, FL 32931
Fax: 321-799-7138
Holmes Regional Medical Center
1350 South Hickory Street
Melbourne, FL 32901
Fax: 321-434-8935
Palm Bay Community Hospital
1425 Malabar Road NE
Palm Bay, FL 32907
Fax: 321-434-8104


text: Moise St. Louis honored at Burlington MLK event for racial justice work in schools and community News Home 01.20.14 By: Mark Tarnacki Moise St. Louis, associate dean of students and director of Multicultural Student Services at Saint Michael's College, enjoyed special recognition at a Burlington city-wide Martin Luther King Jr. celebration on Sunday afternoon, Jan. 19, for his ongoing support of community initiatives and partnering with Burlington non-profits and schools to further the cause of racial justice. Patrick Brown, organizer of the Burlington MLK event since 1994, said each year, he and the other event organizers "thank people in our community who help with Social Justice Initiatives." "As a community partner, I have worked closely with Mo on Community Initiatives, too numerous to mention, including diversity in the public schools and other community-based diversity initiatives," Brown said, noting that one of St. Louis' predecessors at Saint Michael's, Dorothy Williams, former director of Multicultural Affairs, was a recipient of similar recognition in 1998. Traci Griffith, JD, Saint Michael's associate professor/department chair of Media Studies and Digital Arts, presented the award to St. Louis during the mid-afternoon ceremony at the downtown Unitarian/Universalist Church, which featured an appearance and talk by Sharon Robinson, daughter of Baseball Hall of Famer Jackie Robinson. Also attending were Burlington Mayor Miro Weinberger, Vermont U.S. Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-VT, who spoke to honor the legacy of Nelson Mandela, and a representative from the office of Sen. Patrick Leahy '61. Three other local activists for racial justice - Denise Dunbar, Sara Osaba and Stephanie Seguino -- also received recognition preceding the presentation to St. Louis. "I'm proud to present this award to a brother in the struggle for equality, Moise St. Louis," Griffith said during presentation of an honorary plaque to St. Louis at Sunday's ceremony. "Moise is a man who walks the walk, talks the talk and continues to fight the fight in keeping with the ideals of MLK Jr., Nelson Mandela and Jackie Robinson," Griffith said. "I'm privileged to work with Moise at Saint Michael's College as he fights to provide equal opportunities for our multicultural students and educational opportunities for all. Moise is an advocate on behalf of all students. He recognizes that as students of all cultures interact, barriers are broken down and mutual understanding is created."


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Tomorrow, I'm doing a comparison of my modded amp and the other one that's only had the power supply mods done. Stay tuned. Same Bat time, same Bat channelfrenchguy wrote:Ray, on a serious note, I would really like to hear your CF amp with all those upgrades, must sound pretty sweet and juicy like these nutz.!! bring it to the fest!!!
I talked to my girls and we're doing the comparison on Wednesday evening. Report to follow.
Hammond tubes or stock tubes?


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This 5-day class is focused on the core fundamentals and foundation for SQL Server experts. While many folks are just looking for 'the answer,' attendees of this class will learn how to derive the answer for themselves. The more you know about how SQL Server works the easier you will be able to respond to performance, design, and corruption problems – as well as solve them!
In addition to internals, this class covers some of the most important elements of good design, indexing and isolation – items core to database scalability and performance. This class provides an excellent knowledge base for all other Immersion Events and the information within it should be considered a pre-requisite for the other courses (although attending this class is not a pre-requisite for attending the others).
SQL Server versions covered:
Please note: demos will vary between versions and questions can be answered on any releases from SQL Server 2000 through the current release. And, if you're a glutton for punishment and have even older versions, feel free to ask questions about any version ever released – someone on the team can probably answer it!
For a detailed agenda click HERE.
If you need help justifying training to your organization, we can help you:
Registration is closed
If you have any questions, please contact us.


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As a professional genealogist who also self-publishes indexes and research guides, I have had a 'sales table' in three different situations: (1) at small seminars where I am a speaker; (2) at the biennial Local and Family History Fair run by History Queensland; (3) at the NSW & ACT State Conference. Whatever the venue, assembling and packing all the 'vendor gear' takes longer than you might expect, especially if the display includes posters, banners etc.
Here are a few tips based on my own experience.
- When you agree to do a talk, ask whether you can display and sell your publications or other wares. (I often speak at public libraries, and some do not allow sales.) Unless you are driving and can take a folding table, ask the organisers to supply something suitable. On the day, put the table where you can keep an eye on it.
- Take a carbonless receipt book, a money belt and lots of change.
- Take a notepad or A5 pages printed with your name and contact details. When people ask questions, jot down your answer (a book title, Web address etc) and hand it to them. I use a clipboard, and I attach a pen with string so I won't misplace it. I design my own notepads with Vistaprint.
- Items that may come in handy are a magnifying glass, spare pens, sticky tape, yellow highlighter, paper clips, rubber bands and plastic bags.
- If possible, keep the items that are for sale separate from the freebies (business cards, handouts, leaflets, bookmarks etc). Use price labels and signs such as 'Free leaflets'.
- If you are on your own at an all-day event (as I usually am), arrange in advance for someone to come over occasionally and keep an eye on your table while you take a bathroom break.
- For all-day events, take plenty of water and some food that is easy to handle. (I favour nuts, apples and cubes of cheese.) You do not want to put sticky fingers or sandwich filling on your display!
- Take Butter Menthols or something similar for when you begin to lose your voice!
- Many people seem afraid to touch a display or speak to the vendor. Encourage them by smiling and saying, 'Please take a free bookmark' or 'You're welcome to pick up the books and have a closer look' or 'Do you have any questions?'


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Grades 9-12
Three Types of Business Organizations
In this lesson, students research the three basic types of business organization: sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of each, they function as consultants offering advice on which form of business is best suited for different business scenarios. The case studies all feature real- life entrepreneurs who started businesses producing chocolate candy and cookies—they all result ultimately in "sweet" success stories. Once students have made their recommendations, they are provided the identities of their clients and asked to prepare reports that tell the rest of the story—what happened to each founder and business. Products featured in this lesson that almost every student will recognize are the Hershey chocolate bar, Mars M&Ms and Famous Amos chocolate cookies.
Hold up a small bag of M&Ms or Hershey's kisses. Tell students the chocolate candy is a hint as to what they will be studying next. Provide a few minutes for students to write down on a slip of paper what they think the topic will be. Instruct them to include their names on their predictions.
Collect their predictions then announce that students are going to be studying the "sweets" industry—more specifically, people and businesses that produce chocolate and chocolate-related products. Give the bag of candy as a reward to the student who has the closest correct answer or the one closest to being correct. If there is a tie, you can divide the bag.
Learning Objectives
- Identify the advantages and disadvantages of sole proprietorships, partnerships and corporations.
- Provide advice on choosing a form of business organization to people interested in starting a business.
- Prepare a report on a successful businessperson and the business she or he founded.
Resource List
- Sweet Opportunities: This is a file with information on different business organizations, students will recommend which one they feel is the best.
- Sample Recommendations: Here are some sample recommendations to why different business organizations are the best.
- Assessment Rubric: A rubric teachers can use to assess student activities.
- Small Business Planner: Forms of Business Ownership from the U.S. Small Business Administration explains the three broad forms of business ownership plus their advantages and disadvantages. Unlimited partnerships and S-corporations are also discussed.
- Should You Have a Partner: The pros and cons of having a business partner.
- What Type of Business Organization is Best for You?: Discusses types of business organizations.
- The Chocolate Farm: Learn about Elise MacMillan and her brother Evan who co-founded The Chocolate Farm in Englewood, Colorado, in the late 1990s.
- Hershey Foods Corporation: Hershey's website containing business and product information.
- History of M&M's Chocolate- Forrest Mars: Provides information on how Forrest Mars the inventor of the M&M developed his idea into a business.
- Mars: Homepage of Mars, Inc. the company behind some of our favorite candies like M&M's.
- Famous Amos Cookies: Provides company and product information for Famous Amos Cookies.
- Hoover's Online Directory: If a company has incorporated and is publicly traded, with website will provide more information.
- Keebler Foods Company: Keebler's website, which provides information on the company and its products.
- National Confectioners Association: This website will help students research different candy companies, and can direct them to the home pages of these companies.
Activity 1: Three Types of Business Organization
Additional information is provided below on several issues you may want to raise with your students during this activity or later in the lesson as the opportunity arises.
Students may not be familiar with the term "liability." To help them grasp its importance, discuss specific circumstances in which liability could be an issue for sole proprietorships and partnerships. The most common situation is debts owed when a business experiences financial difficulties or fails. If a business is not fully insured, there is also the possibility of loss due to disaster (e.g., fire, flood) or lawsuits. Unlimited liability means that the owner's personal assets can be used to pay for any debts of the business.
Finance Options:
A point to stress regarding corporations beyond the limits on liability is the fact that corporations have more options when they need to obtain additional financing. For sole proprietorships and partnerships, the only source of money is often personal assets. On rare occasions, they may be able to borrow money from family members, friends or a bank. Corporations have the option to issue more stock. Also corporations typically find it easier to borrow money – through loans from the financial markets (commercial banks, credit unions, insurance companies). And corporations can issue corporate bonds.
Tax Implications:
If students are not familiar with tax law, you may need to provide information about the tax implications of different forms of business.
Tax law permits corporations to deduct the full cost of employee benefits, such as medical insurance, thus reducing corporate tax liabilities. But sole proprietorships and partnerships are not permitted to deduct these costs directly from their business income (the costs may be partially deductible as an adjustment to income). For some business owners, this is a major disadvantage of the sole proprietorship and partnership forms of ownership.
Sole proprietors and partners pay individual income tax on their companies' earnings. In contrast, a corporation is taxed as a separate entity that pays tax on its income. The stockholders also pay personal income tax on any dividends they receive. The effect is referred to as "double taxation" and in this case, it is the corporate owners that have a tax disadvantage.
Life of the Business:
There are probably examples of sole proprietorships and partnerships in your community that dissolved when a key person became ill or died – a medical practice, a law firm, a neighborhood store, or a mechanic's shop. News reports occasionally tell of acrimonious splits among business partners (and even families) who are unable to agree on the management or sale of these forms of business. Real-life examples from Mars, Inc. are provided as an extension activity in this lesson.
Read more, at this Small Business Planner website, about each type including their advantages and disadvantages.
Activity 2: Sweet Opportunities
Divide students into small groups to prepare their recommendations. If time is limited, you may want to assign each group just one or two clients. After the groups finish reading the client stories in the file, Sweet Opportunities, have them prepare written recommendations as to which business organization they believe to be best. Make sure the groups provide reasons for their recommendations as well as listen at least one negative with suggestions on how to minimize that negative effect.
When students have completed their recommendations, compare and discuss their decisions as a class. Here are some sample recommendations, Sweet Success-Recommendations, to assist you in this discussion. Obviously, there will be variations in their advice given. Here are some questions for the discussion:
If students need additional information to help them make their recommendations, they can click on the titles below:
"Should You Have a Partner"
"What Type of Business Organization is Best for You?"
What accounts for the differences in your recommendations?
[The weight advisor's and clients give to various decision factors varies; also, with most problems there is more than one solution.]
What are the negatives you identified and what are your solutions for dealing with them?
[Answers will vary. Particularly savvy students may suggest the use of limited partnerships or subchapter S corporations.]
Why do you think most new businesses are sole proprietorships and partnerships?
[These forms of ownership are easier and less expensive to start.]
What do you see as the biggest disadvantages of sole proprietorships and partnerships in the long term?
[Disruptions caused by the death/disability of an owner; potential for disagreements over operations; difficulty transferring ownership; acquisition of resources for expansion are limited to owner assets, income and debt.]
What are the advantages of setting up a limited versus general partnership?
[The partners can limit their liability to their investment in the business. A limited partnership can also be used to establish who has the authority to make decisions.]
Are there any disadvantages?
[Partners unable to provide input in the decision process may be unhappy.]
Under what circumstances might a business operating as a sole proprietorship or partnership decide to incorporate?
[Potential answers include when a company wants to insure there is no disruption to business if an owners dies; to reduce liability; to offer ownership shares as a means to get money for expansion or motivational incentive for employees.]
Activity 3: Sweet Success
Divide students into four groups. Have each group research what has happened to the founders and businesses featured in the case studies. PowerPoint slide presentations are an ideal way for students to share with classmates what they discover. If this is not possible, have them use word processing or desktop publishing software to create their report. Encourage them to use images as well as text.
Client 1: Elise MacMillan and her brother Evan co-founded The Chocolate Farm in Englewood, Colorado, in the late 1990s.
Client 2: Milton Hershey broke ground for his chocolate factory near Lancaster, PA in 1903. It was the beginning of what would become Hershey Foods Corporation .
Client 3: Forest Mars invited Bruce Murrie, an investment banker and son of the Hershey company president, to be his partner in M&M Ltd. The M&Ms we still eat today were first sold to the public in 1941. The letters in "M&M" stand for Mars & Murrie. Eventually, Murrie left the business but Forest Mars became the owner of Mars, Inc.
Client 4: Wally Amos launched the Famous Amos Cookie Company in a Hollywood, CA storefront on Sunset Boulevard in 1975.
Have the students read about one of these persons and the business he or she created. Then report their findings about what happened to the entrepreneur and the business. Be sure to have them include answers to the following questions.
- What has happened to the founder of the business?
- Is he or she still involved with the company?
- What other things has he or she done?
- Who owns the business?
- How has the business changed?
- Has the company been involved in any mergers or acquisitions?
- What products does the company sell?
TIP: If a company has incorporated and is publicly traded, another source of information will be Hoover's Online Directory .
Private vs. Public Corporations
A look at Mars, Inc. offers an excellent opportunity to discuss public vs. private corporations. In the 1960s, Forrest Mars, Sr. purchased his stepsister's interests in Mars, Inc. Owning 80 percent of the company, Forrest then had little problem convincing the rest of the board members to sell their shares to him. Since his death in 1999, his three children have owned and managed the company: Forrest Mars Jr. (President), John Mars (CEO), and Jacqueline Badger Mars (Vice President). As a privately-held (closed) company, Mars, Inc. is not required to report information about its business to the public.
In contrast, public (open) corporations are required by federal law to disclose information about their finances and operations to anyone interested in reading about them. The purpose of this legislation is to give people information about companies in which they might invest. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is the federal agency that monitors whether public corporations are abiding by the law—providing prospectuses and regular financial reports. Ask students:
What are the advantages of a privately-held company?
[ Less government paperwork such as filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission; the ability to keep business plans and financial status information from competitors]
- Are there any disadvantages? [As with partnerships, resources are limited to what may be a limited number of shareholders]
Privately-held companies are very much a tradition within the candy industry—unusual in today's business world. Most of these companies can trace their roots back several generations to an immigrant with a recipe and an affinity for sweets.
Risk Management through Diversification
The students' research reports also provide an opportunity to discuss how companies try to reduce risk through product diversification. Both Hershey Foods and Mars have purchased manufacturers of other chocolate candy bar brands and non-chocolate candies. Hershey Foods also used to sell cocoa mulch, a byproduct of the chocolate making process, to gardeners, but no longer does. Mars has a long history in the pet food and care business that can be traced back to the first company Forrest Mars, Sr. established in Europe. During the period Forrest partnered with Bruce Murrie, Uncle Ben's rice was introduced. Other Mars ventures include hot and cold drink vending machines and electronic automated payment systems.
Ownership of Famous Amos Cookies changed hands several times between 1985 and 1998, eventually being purchased by Keebler Foods Company . Keebler was acquired by Kellogg Company in 2001, helping expand what is viewed as a cereal company into the snack foods market as well.
Ask students to vote on what they view as the top three factors to consider when choosing the form for a new business. Remind them to take account of what they have learned as they vote on these factors. (The bulleted list of factors provided below is also presented in the Conclusion section of the student version's of this lesson.) Discuss the reasons for their choices. Were there any other important factors that they think are missing from the list?
- The resources needed to start and expand the business
- Your level of expertise starting and managing a business
- Your willingness to share decisions and profits
- The level of liability you and any potential partners are willing to accept
- The tax implications of your choices
- Your willingness to re-invest earnings into the business
- How long you see yourself and any partners involved in the venture
- Whether this venture is something you want to live on after you and any partners are gone.
Extension Activity
- Starting any business is risky. There is no guarantee a business will be profitable. When there is more than one owner, there is also the chance that there will be disagreements on how to operate the business. For a case study in the types of problems that can result, have students read excerpts from The Emperors of Chocolate – Inside the Secret World of Hershey and Mars by Joel Glenn Brenner. (New York: Broadway Books) 2000. Chapter 2 tells the story of the troubled partnership between Forrest Mars and his father, Frank. Chapter 11 exposes the difficulties that plagued the limited partnership between Forrest Mars and Bruce Murrie. The second half of Chapter 12 reveals the story of the corporate power struggle that ultimately gave Forrest full control of the Mars candy empire.
- Have students collect packaging from candy and other sweets sold in vending machines and near the checkout counters of grocery stores. Identify the major manufacturers and their products. Students will probably be surprised that despite the many different brands, most candy is produced by a few large corporations. Mars and Hershey Foods together control about three quarters of the candy rack.
- Chicago calls itself the candy capital of he world. Chocolate production was centered in California and Pennsylvania with Chicago, IL the site for almost everything else—chewing gum, cordials, candy bars, and caramel corn. Analyze the supply and demand factors that led to this claim. The first part of Chapter 12 in the The Emperors of Chocolate – Inside the Secret World of Hershey and Mars. (noted previously) does a great job of identifying the elements that contributed to Chicago's claim.
- Web sites for the large candy manufacturers typically provide a timeline or other history that tells how the company got started and how it has changed over the years. Links for a variety of U.S. manufacturers are provided as starting points for an extension activity in the student version of this lesson. Have students combine this information to create a time line for the candy industry. Analyze how the industry has changed and why. For example, prior to the 1900s, the industry was comprised of a multitude of small businesses operating out of people's homes and small shops. The industrialization of the industry forced makers to become more efficient and operate in a more businesslike manner. The world wars created a demand for cheap, high calorie, non-perishable and individually packaged products. The wars also dramatically increased adult consumption of candy – a level of consumption that continued after the wars. More recently, the largest companies have begun to gobble up the remaining smaller family-owned candy operations in a bid to diversify and reduce risk.
- Have students identify examples of sole proprietorships, partnerships and corporations in your local community or state. Interview the managers of the businesses chosen to find out why the form of ownership was chosen and how it affects their work. Most large corporations can also be researched on the Internet.
National Confectioners Association will help you do your research.
Evaluation is built into Activities 1 and 2. Assessment Rubrics should be adjusted and weighted to fit the needs of the teacher.


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kimaging needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 231 designs submitted by 50 freelance designers.
Klicker Imaging
We produce corporate meetings and events. We handle projection (think big projectors), audio and lighting. We have expertise in all sorts of video, presentation and sound and all of the equipment that comes with making events great.
Not only do we produce events locally, but our clients take us on the road with them so they have the piece of mind and consistency.
You can see out current website including some pictures and a couple of videos at http://www.klickerimaging.com - Please check it out to see a bit more about what we do.
We are most often hired by meeting/event planners, marketing executives sales executives and operations executives.
I prefer a stand alone logo without words.
I am not opposed to the initials K I as in Klicker Imaging being used.
We always aim to impress out clients and hope our logo will reflect this.
Color preferences would be black, grey, dark blue, orange highlights would also be acceptable.
Something powerful looking and classy.
Again check out our website for more ideas... http://www.klickerimaging.com
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Afréttarnefnd Hraunhrepps, fundur nr. 15
Dags : 27.08.2012
Afréttarnefnd Hraunhrepps, fundur nr. 15
Afréttarnefnd Hraunhrepps, fundur nr. 15
Dags : 27.08.2012
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PSP doomed from the get-go
The studio behind one of the PSP's biggest recent releases has claimed that Sony's portable machine was destined to fail from the very start.
It was the first portable that Sony released – it's a trial by fire," Ru Weerasuriya, the co-founder of God of War: Ghost of Sparta developer Ready at Dawn, told Edge (as reported by CVG).
It's a good platform and you can make amazing things on it. I think that we've tried as much as possible to prove that in the last seven years. But it was doomed from the beginning, that's its biggest problem.
It was doomed from the very get-go. There are some things that aren't conductive to calling it a true portable gaming platform and calling it a connective platform, although it has wi-fi. There's so many things that publishers and the manufacturer and Sony dropped the ball on – it's natural, it's the first one."
Take a moment, though, to put the PSP into context. Its time on the market is undoubtedly up, but to date the machine has sold in excess of 60m units. That puts it on par with the NES, and is far ahead of machines such as the Xbox 360, PS3, N64, Mega Drive, SNES and GameCube.
Despite the numbers, it's not the first time that the high-profile PSP developer has hit out at the machine. Last month Weerasuriya said that piracy on the machine is so bad that it's getting to the point where it doesn't make sense to make games on it".
Of course, the postscript to all of this is that Sony is a fair along the line with the development of the PSPs first real successor, the first pictures of which were posted online earlier this week.
And don't forget the PlayStation Phone that's currently being tested at Sony Ericsson.


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CULLOWHEE, N.C. (Apr. 8, 2005) - Western Carolina pitcher Caleb McConnell pitched a complete game, allowing just one earned run, while Steven Strausbaugh extended his hitting streak to 14 games, going 3-for-4, as the Catamounts defeated East Tennessee State, 13-3, Friday night at Childress Field/Hennon Stadium.
McConnell threw his second consecutive complete game, improving to 5-3 on the season. He scattered seven hits to allow three runs (one earned) with one walk and nine strikeouts. Strausbaugh had a double and hit his seventh home run of the season, driving in four tonight to improve his season batting average to .397.
The Catamounts (20-10, 8-5 SoCon) answered with five runs on five hits in the home half of the first. Tim Hallam got things started with a one-out bunt single, followed by Jared Greenwood's single. With two outs, Trey McDaniel extended his hitting streak to 12 games with an RBI double to right-center field. Chris Davis walked to load the bases and Jonathan Greene brought home
Western added two more runs in the bottom of the second. Barrett Shaft had a leadoff home run, his second blast of the season. Hallam followed with a double and, after a ground out, scored on a sacrifice fly by Strausbaugh.
The Bucs took advantage of two hits and an error to score an unearned run in the top of the fourth. Stephen Douglas singled to left and moved up to second on a WCU error in the outfield. With two outs, Blake Church blooped a single to right-center field to score
Western answered back with one run in the bottom of the fourth, making the score 8-2.
After giving up the two-out RBI hit to Church hit in the fourth, McConnell sat down 10 straight until allowing a two-out infield single to sophomore designated hitter Mike Giroud (St. Petersburg, Fla.). McConnell battled back to strike out Matt Traylor to record his seventh K of the night. In the eighth, freshman third baseman Anthony Russell (Waldorf, Md.) scored ETSU's first earned run of the inning with a leadoff home run to center field, his second of the season to make the score 8-3 and cap the scoring for the evening.
In addition to Strausbaugh, Western was led offensively by Hall, who was 3-for-4 with three RBI, while Shaft, Hallam and


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Privacy Notice
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If you have any requests concerning your personal information or any queries with regard to these practices please contact Nestlé Suisse S.A. at the address given in Question 5 below.
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Q19 IMPORTANT – Why do I have to accept the terms of this Privacy Notice?
Q1 What personal information does Nestlé collect through this website and how does Nestlé collect it?
A We only collect personal information that YOU want to provide to us or that is needed to provide (and improve) our service to you. We collect direct personal information such as name, address and e-mail address as well as indirect information such as cookies, connection and system information.
You may want to give us your e-mail address, name, telephone number etc. so that we can provide you with information on our products; enter you into our competitions or surveys; or just keep you updated about exciting Nestlé developments that you are interested in.
Alternatively, you may want to develop your career with Nestlé and apply for job vacancies by posting your CV on our on-line recruitment sites.
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Please see Question 4 – Who does the Nestlé Group disclose your personal information to and why?
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A Your personal information will be used for the purposes for which you provided it to Nestlé. It will also be used to administer, support and obtain feedback on the level of our services and to prevent breaches of security, the law or our contract terms.
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For Nestlé's policy on: (i) direct marketing by e-mail; (ii) your right to ask Nestlé at any time NOT to contact you by way of direct e-mail marketing; and (iii) also your right to delete your personal information from our systems – please see Questions 8 & 5 respectively.
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A You have the right in Switerland to ask us to provide you with all the information it stores on you. You may also have your personal information deleted, corrected or revised by sending an e-mail to email@example.com or a letter to Nestlé Suisse S.A., Consumer Service, P.O. Box 2222, 1800 Vevey.
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A Nestlé is a global company and your personal information may be transferred across international borders. It may be transferred to countries that have different levels of data protection laws to the country from where you submitted your personal information. Your personal information may also be transferred between different companies of the Nestlé Group located in different countries. Nestlé takes the appropriate measures to maintain security of the personal information both during transit and at the receiving location.
The server that makes this website available may be located outside Switzerland. Our main hosting provider for most Nestlé websites is based in the United States. This provider is bound by a contract that ensures a high standard of privacy protection and requires (amongst other provisions) that it act only on Nestlé instructions and implements all technical measures necessary on an ongoing basis to keep your personal information secure.
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A Nestlé does make use of tracking technology ('Cookies') to gather such personal information as browser type and operating system, referring page, path through site, domain of ISP etc. for the purpose of understanding how visitors use this website. Cookies help us tailor this website to your personal needs.
Nestlé keeps all the information collected from cookies in a non-personally identifiable format. This type of information obtained through cookies will not be disclosed outside the Nestlé Group or designated Third Parties. It will not be used for unsolicited communications.
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Please ensure that your computer setting reflects whether you are happy to accept cookies or not. You can set your browser to warn you before accepting cookies, or you can simply set it to refuse them, although you may not have access to all the features of this website if you do so. See your browser "help" button for how you can do this. You do not need to have cookies on to use or navigate through many parts of this and other Nestlé websites. Remember that if you use different computers in different locations you will need to ensure that each browser is adjusted to suit your cookie preferences.
This website uses Google Analytics, a web analytics service provided by Google, Inc. ("Google") and Webtrends, a web analytics service provided by Webtrends, Inc. ("Webtrends"). The information collected in relation to this service are processed under the following terms for which Google and Webtrends is solely responsible: Google Analytics and Webtrends use "cookies", which are text files placed on your computer, to help the website analyse how users use the site. The information generated by the cookie about your use of the website (including your IP address) will be transmitted to and stored by Google and Webtrends on servers in the United States.
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A Spamming is where unsolicited e-mails are sent to you containing advertisements or marketing related materials without your consent.
Nestlé does NOT send SPAM e-mails. Nestlé itself uses an anti-SPAM tool to protect our employees from SPAMMING. Sending e-mails without consent is illegal in many countries. Nestlé will not use your personal information (including your e-mail address) for direct marketing or follow-up communications unless you give us your EXPRESS permission. This is called "OPT-IN" consent.
Also, Nestlé does not share your personal information with any Third Party (non-Nestlé Group) companies who will use your personal information for SPAM mails.
Nestlé websites give you the opportunity to receive marketing information by e-mail. Every e-mail sent by Nestlé will give you the opportunity at any time to stop receiving marketing e-mails
If for some reason you believe you have received SPAM e-mail from a Nestlé Group company please inform us immediately at email@example.com.
Q9 How long does Nestlé keep your personal information?
A Nestlé may store the personal information that you send to us via this website in its databases such as its Customer Relationship Marketing database. Your personal information will be kept by the Nestlé Group only for as long as is reasonably necessary taking into consideration our need to answer queries or resolve problems, provide improved and new services and comply with legal requirements under applicable law(s). This means that we may retain your personal information for a reasonable period after you stop using Nestlé services or stop using this website. After this period, your personal information will be deleted from all systems in the Nestlé Group.
We remind you that you have a right to have your personal information deleted at any time. Please see Question 5 – How can you see, check, change or delete the Personal Information you send to us (above)?
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A It is highly important to protect the privacy of children on-line and encourage parents or guardians to spend time on-line with their children to participate in and monitor their e-activities.
We do not collect personal information from children under the age of 13, even with parental consent.
Note to parents of children under the age of 13
We recommend that parents/guardians regularly check and monitor their children's use of e-mail and other on-line activities. Please make sure that your child does not give us personally identifiable information on-line
Q11 Does Nestlé link to other Third Party websites and what happens to my personal information when this linking happens?
A Nestlé links to other websites to offer you an opportunity to review connected and interesting information related to Nestlé. These Third Party websites are outside our control and are not covered by this Privacy Notice. If you access other websites using the links provided, the operators of these websites may collect your personal information. Please ensure that you are satisfied with the Privacy Policies of these Third Party websites before you submit any personal information. Nestlé tries, as far as we can, to ensure that all Third Party linked websites have equivalent measures for protection of your personal information, but we cannot be held responsible legally or otherwise for the activities, privacy policies or levels of privacy compliance of these Third Parties.
Q12 What happens to my personal information when I e-mail a Nestlé web page to someone else?
A Some of our websites may provide you with the opportunity to e-mail a web page address to another person. For this feature to work, we may need to collect your e-mail address and/or the e-mail addresses of those you send the web page to. E-mail addresses collected in this way are not used for any purpose other than to fulfill your request. These e-mail addresses are not stored and are deleted immediately after your request is fulfilled.
Q13 What happens to my personal information if I participate in an on-line survey from Nestlé through this website?
A From time to time, we may ask our website visitors to answer survey questions. Surveys generally will relate to the content of the website, our products or categories of products. We may ask for age or age ranges, gender, and/or other non-personally identifiable information. For the purposes of these surveys, we may add information obtained from cookies to your survey answers but no personally identifiable information will be requested. The personal information collected is not tied to any personal information that you may already have given to us. Personal information gathered from polls and surveys are for Nestlé internal use only but aggregated information (not capable of personally identifying anyone) may be shared with others.
Q14 What is One-Time Registration?
A In order to make the registration process easier, we use a one-time registration tool across many Nestlé websites. With this tool, when you register with our website, this information can be automatically made available to you for registration at other Nestlé website(s). Your personal information remains protected and we always ask for your express consent or "Opt-In" to receive information from Nestlé website(s) before you are added to any mailing list.
Q15 Can Nestlé change the terms of this Privacy Notice?
A Nestlé will occasionally make changes and corrections to this Privacy Notice. Please check this Privacy Notice regularly to see the changes and how these may affect you.
Q16 Where can I find more information on the legal issues concerning Nestlé websites and my legal rights and responsibilities?
A As Nestlé is a Swiss-based company the laws that govern and apply to this website are those of Switzerland. For more detailed information please consult the Nestlé website legal terms and conditions available by clicking on this link https://www.nestle.ch/fr/info/tc or directly on this web page.
Q17 Which address is available for me to contact Nestlé if I have other questions regarding my personal information?
A The address is firstname.lastname@example.com or Nestlé Suisse S.A., Consumer Service, P.O. Box 2222, 1800 Vevey.
Q18 Which terms have specific legal meanings in this Nestlé Privacy Notice (they are highlighted for your ease of use with Capital Letters excepting personal information simply because it is mentioned so often!)?
A Personal Information can also be known as Personal Data and means any information relating to you as a natural person that is capable of directly or indirectly identifying you. (On websites this is typically at least your e-mail address).
Processing of Personal Information means any operation or set of operations which is performed upon your personal information whether or not by automatic means including collection, recording, organisation, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, blocking, erasure or destruction (i.e. effectively any activity that Nestlé performs on or with the personal information that you send us).
"Data Controller" is the organisation alone or jointly that determines the purposes and means of the Processing of your personal information (i.e. the Nestlé entity operating this website and collecting your personal information), which here is Nestlé S.A..
"Third Parties" for the purposes of this Privacy Notice means any company not under control of Nestlé S.A. through either direct or indirect ownership.
"Nestlé" and "Nestlé Group" in this Privacy Notice all refer to Nestlé S.A. and its subsidiary companies (in which Nestlé S.A. has control through either direct or indirect ownership) as appropriate to the context.
Q19 IMPORTANT – Why do I have to accept the terms of this Privacy Notice?
A Nestlé is a global company that uses the Internet to collect and process your personal information. This naturally involves the Processing and transmission of your personal information across borders.
This Privacy Notice provides you with all information necessary (in an easily accessible way) to make an informed choice as to whether to use this website and to send your personal information to Nestlé or not.
Therefore, by browsing this website and communicating electronically with us, you acknowledge and agree to our Processing of your indirect personal information (cookies, connection and system information) in the manner set out in this Privacy Notice.
If you ask us to provide a certain service to you (i.e. a competition, newsletter or new product details etc.) we will need additional direct personal information (name, address and e-mail address) from you. In this case, we will ask you for your express consent to collect and use this personal information. This personal information will be used only for the purposes for which you gave it to us.
If you have any questions regarding this Privacy Notice please contact Nestlé at firstname.lastname@example.com and we will be pleased to assist you with any additional questions you may have.
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by Michael Shively, Ph.D., and Carrie F. Mulford, Ph.D.
About the AuthorsDr. Shively is an associate in the Center for Crime and Drug Policy at Abt Associates Inc. Dr. Mulford is a social science analyst at the National Institute of Justice.
In December 2000, in Brooklyn, New York, Mohammad Awad punched Chaim Spear while yelling obscenities and anti-Semitic remarks.[1] In nearby Queens, Nicholas Minucci, a Caucasian, fractured the skull of African American Glenn Moore with a baseball bat and robbed him in June 2005. Witnesses testified that Minucci used a racial slur before and during the attack.[2] In October 1998, near Laramie, Wyoming, Russell Henderson and Aaron McKinney robbed, beat, and tied Matthew Shepard, a gay man, to a fence. Five days after the attack, Shepard died from his injuries.[3] In Houston, Texas, David Tuck attacked and sexually assaulted a Hispanic teenager in April 2006. Tuck shouted "white power" and racial slurs during the attack.[4]
Awad and Minucci were each convicted of a hate crime. Wyoming, where Shepard was murdered, does not have a hate-crime statute. Houston authorities did not charge Tuck with a hate crime because the charges against him already carried a life sentence.[5]
In many cases, hate may be seen or perceived by the victims, their families, witnesses, and even law enforcement to be the motivation for a crime, but perpetrators may not be charged with a hate crime for a variety of reasons—many of the same reasons that the debate on hate-crime laws continues in this country.
Legislators, law enforcement officials, prosecutors—and the American public—continue to grapple with fundamental questions in the hate-crime debate:
In a study funded by the National Institute of Justice, Michael Shively, Ph.D., of Abt Associates Inc., conducted a comprehensive analysis of the literature and statutes on hate crime to determine how Federal and State legislation and programs are wrestling with these issues.[6]
Accurate estimates of the prevalence of hate crime remain elusive. National hate-crime data come from two primary sources: the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Uniform Crime Reporting Program and the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). Unfortunately, the types of data collected by these agencies differ, which creates difficulties in accurately assessing the prevalence of hate crime.
In a study of law enforcement agencies, the FBI found that 7,163 hate-crime incidents, affecting 8,795 victims, were reported in 2005 to police departments that participated in the study.[7] Estimating incidents involving elements of hate crime during an earlier time period—July 2000 through December 2003—BJS coupled results from victim interviews with additional factors such as offender use of derogatory language or hate symbols to estimate an annual average of 191,000 incidents, affecting 210,000 victims.[8]
The disparity in these two estimates stems, in part, from an important difference in the data collected: the FBI counts only crimes that are reported to the police. For the NCVS, BJS collects information from victims, who are asked if they think hate played a role in the crime. The potential for overreporting and underreporting incidents involving elements of hate crime must also be considered. For instance, only 44 percent of the alleged incidents in the NCVS database were reported to the police,[9] so underreporting may account for at least some of the disparity in these estimates of the prevalence of hate crime in this country. One study indicates that people may be reluctant to report for fear of police insensitivity and abuse.[10]
All of this suggests that despite progress in methods of data collection, the current data may not be sufficient to gauge the true scope of the problem.
The Federal Government and all but one State (Wyoming) have specific hate-crime laws. The laws vary significantly from State to State, however, and there is no standard legal definition of hate crime. For example, although nearly all States specify race, religion, or ethnicity as characteristics of protected groups, other characteristics are not always included. (See chart,
"States With Laws for Protected Groups.")
Hate-crime laws may define:
Although most States allow broad categories of predicate or underlying offenses to be charged as a hate crime (such as assault, vandalism, and a wide variety of misdemeanors and felonies) and provide for penalty enhancements, only about half the States have enacted statutes that require data collection and offer victims a specific recourse for recovering damages. Statutory provisions addressing the training of law enforcement personnel to deal with hate crime exist in only 12 States. On the Federal level, a 1994 law mandates longer sentences for hate crime committed under Federal jurisdiction. These differences in laws from State to State—and on the Federal level—make it difficult to ensure consistency in the prosecution of hate crime.
One of the most significant issues in the debate is the lack of national consensus that hate crime should be considered a separate class of crime. In addition, even supporters of hate-crime legislation disagree about how the statutes should be written. Other major questions in the debate include:
Some States have struck down hate-crime statutes as too broad or vague. Most of the highest State courts that have heard challenges on First Amendment grounds to the penalty enhancement provision of hate-crime laws have upheld bias as a rationale for harsher punishments. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Wisconsin hate-crime penalty enhancement, ruling that it did not suppress free speech because the statute is motivated by the State's desire to redress a greater societal harm that is inflicted by bias-inspired conduct, not by an attempt to suppress thoughts.[11]
>(See sidebar,
"Where Did the Term 'Hate Crime' Come From?")
Many jurisdictions have established hate-crime units in their police departments, and some regional task forces are devoted to investigating hate crime. Some States have increased law enforcement training on hate crime and implemented school- and community-based prevention programs. California and Massachusetts are notable for including these and other strategies in their efforts to combat hate crime.
Nonprofit organizations have also directed resources to prevention programs, services to victims, and civil lawsuits filed on behalf of victims against hate-crime perpetrators.
Although these initiatives have generated anti-hate-crime "best practices," based on experience and backed by expert opinion, they have not been rigorously evaluated to determine if they are successful in increasing arrest and prosecution, preventing hate crime, or supporting victims.
Information about the characteristics of hate-crime offenses is based primarily on NCVS victim reports and on police reports filed through the National Incident-Based Reporting System. Both indicate that bias regarding race is the most common motivation behind a hate crime. African Americans, for example, are targeted twice as often as Caucasians, according to these databases. The chart
"Victim Reports of Hate-Crime Motivations" lists the "motivations" behind hate crimes as reported by victims who participated in a 2000–2003 NCVS survey.
A large body of research exists on prejudice and bias, but it does not explain why prejudice prompts people to commit a hate crime.[12] Only a few studies have attempted to examine the characteristics of hate-crime offenders, and these have not been definitive. A North Carolina study found that perpetrators of hate crime were more likely than other citizens to express bigoted attitudes,[13] but this conclusion comes as no surprise. The North Carolina researchers were unable to statistically distinguish hate-crime perpetrators from other citizens based solely on attitudes, thus suggesting that there are factors beyond attitude that cause individuals to commit hate crime. To date, there simply has not been sufficient research to identify the characteristics that distinguish perpetrators of hate crimes from people with bigoted attitudes who do not engage in such acts.
Another way of analyzing criminal behavior is through offender typologies or categories.[14] The most widely discussed and accepted of these was formulated by Jack McDevitt, Jack Levin, and Susan Bennett.[15] Based on a study of 169 cases in Boston, these researchers identified four major categories of hate-crime motivation:
No attempt has been made to validate or replicate these typologies even though they are widely used in training law enforcement officers to identify and investigate hate crime. Another study investigated self-reported antigay aggression in the San Francisco Bay area and identified four categories of offenders similar to those proposed by McDevitt.[16] That study corroborates, but does not scientifically validate, McDevitt's typologies.
The Abt Associates report identifies the need for more research in the following areas:
The American Society of Criminology has supported these recommendations.
The Abt Associates report also recommends the development of a Federal central repository of hate-crime information to help resolve inconsistencies in how hate crime is defined and how data are collected and analyzed. The report maintains that such a repository could disseminate research findings and information on programs, and thereby lead to a better use of resources in preventing and developing responses to hate crime.
States With Laws for Protected Groups
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Victim Reports of Hate-Crime Motivations
Source: Harlow, C.W.,
Hate Crime Reported by Victims and Police (2005) p.3.
Note: Percentages in this exhibit add up to more than 100 percent because some respondents indicated more than one motivation.
* Association with people who have certain characteristics, for example, a multiracial couple.
Return to the text
The term "hate crime" was coined in the 1980's by journalists and policy advocates who were attempting to describe a series of incidents directed at African Americans, Asians, and Jews. The Federal Bureau of Investigation defines hate crime—also called bias crime—as "a criminal offense committed against a person, property, or society that is motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender's bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity/national origin."
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For More Information
This article is based on:
Other resources include:
[ note 1] Awad pled guilty to assault as a hate crime. He received 5 years' probation and was required to attend an anger-management course. Bahrampour, T., "Metro Briefing—New York: Brooklyn: Hate-Crimes Prosecution,"
New York Times [ note online], June 27, 2001 (accessed January 31, 2007).
[ note 2] A Queens, New York jury convicted Minucci of second-degree assault as a hate crime. He was sentenced to 15 years in prison. "Fat Nick Gets 15 Years for Bat Attack,"
New York Daily News, July 17, 2006 accessed February 2, 2007).
[ note 3] Henderson pled guilty to felony murder and kidnapping. A Laramie jury found McKinney guilty of two counts of felony murder. Both are serving two consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole. Cart, J. "Killer of Gay Student Is Spared Death Penalty; Courts: Matthew Shepard's Father Says Life in Prison Shows 'Mercy to Someone Who Refused to Show Any Mercy,'"
Los Angeles Times, November 5, 1999.
[ note 4] A district court in Houston sentenced Tuck to life in prison for aggravated sexual assault. Anti-Defamation League, "Texas White Supremacist Receives Life Sentence," December 1, 2006 (accessed February 2, 2007).
[ note 5] Ibid.
[ note 6] Shively, M.,
Study of Literature and Legislation on Hate Crime in America, final report to the National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC: June 2005 (NCJ 210300), available at
[ note 7] Hate Crime Statistics 2005, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, October 2006, available at
[ note 8] The NCVS contained interviews of 243 hate-crime victims. BJS then used a statistical method to estimate that this figure represents an annual, nationwide average of approximately 210,000 hate-crime victims. Harlow, C.W.,
Hate Crime Reported by Victims and Police, Special Report, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 2005 (NCJ 209911): 1.
[ note 9] Ibid.
[ note 10] Nolan, J.J., and Y. Akiyama, "The Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990: Developing a Method for Measuring the Occurrence of Hate Violence,"
American Behavioral Scientist 46 (2002): 136-153.
[ note 11] Wisconsin v. Mitchell, 508 U.S. 476 (1993).
[ note 12] Green, D.P., L.H. McFalls, and J.K. Smith, "Hate Crime: An Emergent Research Agenda,"
Annual Review of Sociology 27 (2001): 279-504.
[ note 13] Green, D.P., R.P. Abelson, and M. Garnett, "The Distinctive Political Views of Hate-Crime Perpetrators and White Supremacists," in
Cultural Divides: Understanding and Overcoming Group Conflict, ed. D.A. Prentice, and D.T. Miller, New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1999: 429-464.
[ note 14] Although a typology is not a formal theory, it provides a useful way of organizing observations.
[ note 15] McDevitt, J., J. Levin, and S. Bennett, "Hate Crime Offenders: An Expanded Typology,"
Journal of Social Issues 58 (2002): 303-317. The researchers analyzed 169 cases handled by the Community Disorders Unit of the Boston Police Department in 1991-1992.
[note 16] Franklin, K., "Antigay Behaviors Among Young Adults: Prevalence, Patterns, and Motivations in a Noncriminal Population,"
Journal of Interpersonal Violence 15 (2000): 4, 339-362.
National Institute of Justice, 810 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, DC 20531


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Another quickie…
Just about every time I do a wine tasting I'm told by at least one person that they are "allergic to red wine & must be allergic to sulfites. Well, I'm no expert, but I did just read one of the best responses to such an inquiry (on Wine Spectator online).
A: Sulfites get the lion's share of blame when people have an allergic reaction to wine (or have a next-day reaction from overindulging), but according to allergist Neil Kao, a spokesperson for the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, only 1 percent of the general population has a true allergy to sulfites. That goes up to about 4 to 5 percent among people who have asthma. Kao says that an allergic reaction to sulfites would begin with tingling, redness, itching and a swollen tongue, and then depending on the severity, progress to hives or an asthma attack. For more information on other potential allergens read our previous Q&A on and the .
But none of this is particularly helpful to know if your guests want to avoid sulfites in wine and you need to serve them something fitting that bill. Here's the deal: the fermentation process for wine produces very low levels of sulfites naturally, so there are few wines with no detectable sulfites. Many winemakers also add sulfites to wine after fermentation to increase the wine's shelf-stability and prevent undesirable bacteria and yeast growth, but some don't and they (or their importer) occasionally advertise themselves as such. One shortcut if you don't want to do your own research: in the U.S., the certified organic label indicates that the wines were made without added sulfites (but note that that is different than wines with the "made with organic grapes" label, which can contain added sulfites). U.S. law requires that all wines with sulfites in excess of 10 parts per million be labeled with the disclaimer "contains sulfites," but some people with sulfite allergies may be sensitive to wines with less than that amount.
Have a question about wine and healthy living? .
Browse our archive of previous .
Hope this clears things up for some of you.
Happy allergic-LESS reaction red wine tasting!
Tags: allergic reaction, sulfites


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Faith Hill Says Tim McGraw Inspires Her 'Every Day in Many, Many Ways'
Faith Hill and Tim McGraw's love for one another has been pure and honest since day one. The country superstars wed over 15 years ago, but their love remains strong through a sometimes rocky business that can consume so much of your time.
"There's a built-in appreciation and respect between us because he understands what it takes to do what we do," Hill explains to People. "He's a brilliant song man, and I draw so much inspiration from his assertiveness. I tend to get overwhelmed by the enormity of things that are asked of me, and I've learned from my husband to slow yourself down and just take the pile down one by one. He goes bam, bam, bam, down a list and doesn't worry about details. I sometimes get obsessed with details!"
"I'm inspired by watching him as a father and husband," Hill continues, praising McGraw. "He keeps his family first and wants to experience all the phases with his girls. He wants to be there for their sports, to teach them to drive … He loves being in their world. Tim inspires me every day in many, many ways."
And when it comes to their three daughters — Gracie (14), Maggie (13) and Audrey (9) — Hill says it's one of her greatest blessings in life.
"I feel lucky to be their mom," Hill says. "We try to have breakfast and dinner together every day. Everyone is laughing and telling stories about the day. I'm not saying we don't bicker and fight sometimes! We're a typical family, but through it all there's laughter."
Hill also credits Gracie, Maggie and Audrey for her work ethic and goals for the future. "I've always had a strong work ethic," she says, "but it's greater now because I know they're paying attention. It's important for my girls to see I'm a working mom … that I had a dream and I'm still making it happen."
In addition to her new music that's on the way, Hill and her husband have been working on a side project together — their new his-and-hers Soul2Soul fragrances.


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Hide from the world with Crumpler's new messenger bags
Crumpler's new Toshi Squirt messenger bag was apparently inspired by some disagreeable sushi and a lack of restroom facilities, but the result is a darn cool way to haul your gear around.
On the outside, the Toshi Squirt is what we've come to expect from Crumpler's quality range of gear, with a burly 1,000 denier nylon shell and assortment of pockets. Flip the bag inside-out, though, and you'll find one of four whimsical 'masks' that let you assume a convenient alter ego when the situation arises - what Crumpler sales rep Robert Wilkins refers to as "internal privacy with external personality".
On perhaps a more functional note, Crumpler also unveiled a new hydration pack oozing with its usual stylistic flavour. The Bumper Issue includes five internal and external pockets mixed with an array of useful flaps and buckles to stash away gear. The interior is sized for a 70oz hydration bladder, although Crumpler apparently sees fit for users to choose their own as one isn't included. The back is exceptionally well padded, though, and there is a deep spine slot to relieve pressure and promote airflow.
Crumpler introduced a range of rolling luggage as well. The Period Charmer is the smallest of the trio and is suitable for carry-on use while the largest Free-Standing Edwardian can swallow a substantial 82 litres of goodies. Various pockets and compartments adorn the line, including an easy-access laptop sleeve, and given the typical Crumpler aesthetic, there is little chance someone will mistake one of these as their own.
Show off to the world with GoPro's new wide-angle Digital Hero camera
GoPro's popular Digital Hero camera has enabled countless riders to capture both still and motion video thanks to its compact size, surprisingly reasonable cost and wide array of quick-release mounting options for both bike and body.
New for '09 is a 170-degree wide angle version that offers a substantially more dynamic viewing experience than the original's somewhat narrow 54 degrees, while the sensor has been upgraded to a bigger 5MP resolution. Thankfully, suggested retail price is still a very reasonable US$189.99 (£110).
In addition to full video and full manual still operation, the new Hero Wide will also offer an automatic mode that captures an image every two or five seconds plus a three-image burst mode. GoPro claims a 2Gb SD memory card will store up to 56 minutes of 512x384px video with sound. Stay tuned for a full review in the near future complete with video samples.
Knog diversifies into tool lineup
Knog is taking its keen design themes to new arenas with an upcoming line of portable tools and a smartly styled cycle computer.
The NERD computer head and wireless transmitter both fix to your bike with Knog's familiar wraparound silicone rubber housing, which also seals both bits from the weather. Instead of conventional buttons, Knog turns the entire display into one big push-button to toggle through the nine or 12 features on tap and the speed updates via a neat 'rolling tape' type display.
Though not groundbreaking in terms of functionality, the NERD certainly ups the style factor in what has mostly been a rather mundane segment. The nine-function computer will retail for US$74 (£44) while the 12-function model will cost an extra US$15 (£9). Both are available in six colors.
Likewise, Knog's new tools probably won't set anyone's heads spinning in terms of features but their clever flat-pack layouts may warrant a second look when they become available. Included in the line is a diminutive set of pliers, a convenient flat repair kit, and a trio of multi-tools with seven, 12 or 18 functions.
One of the coolest features is a magnetized spot on the multi-tools that can be used to keep track of loose hardware as you're wrenching on the side of the road or trail. While Knog's new tools won't be able to do the repair work for you, at least you won't have the excuse of lost nuts and bolts any more.
New eyewear models from Tifosi
Georgia-based eyewear maker Tifosi will add six new models to its lineup for 2009, all priced at US$59.95 (£35) or less.
Tifosi's popular squared-off Dolomite will spawn a trio of smaller variants called Torrent, Dea and Scout. All feature sturdy Grilamid frames and non-slip ear and nosepieces. The Torrent and Dea models also sport interchangeable lenses. The Dea is targeted at women and the even-smaller Scout is aimed at children, although the latter model could easily work for anyone with a small head.
Those looking for more of a cycling-specific look can turn to the new Tyrant with its vented, interchangeable half lenses which extend a little further out to the side for more coverage. Semi-adjustable aluminum arms and an adjustable nosepiece allow for a customisable fit.
Looking for something with a bit more style? Then the Vogel or Helo might do the trick. Tifosi equips the Vogel with a single, non-interchangeable shield-type lens and a distinct '
Installation and removal is made easier by tool-free attachment while a clever wedge in the main extension keeps everything from swaying. The included 'Swinger Swinger' adapter accepts either 1 1/4" or 2" square receivers.
Bike loading is facilitated by narrowly set arms that should accommodate more frame types than before and the new T3 cradles help keep the bikes from swinging into each other. A quick-release lever tilts the entire rack down (and presumably its contents) for liftgate access.
The two-bike version will retail for US$329.95 (£195) and the three-bike carrier will cost US$379.95 (£225).
Consumers who prefer roof-mount carriers can instead opt for the new Prologue fork mount tray, with its new easy-to-use 9mm quick-release head that supposedly will accept all disc brake and suspension combinations, and a wide tray that will handle up to a 2.6" tire. The Prologue will fit rectangular, round or aero crossbars and will retail for US$49.00 (£29).
Premium car owners dissatisfied with the look of current roof-top cargo boxes may find solace in
The Helium, Prologue and Boxter are all slated for delivery from March 2009.
Blown fuses are no problem for Kurt Kinetic trainer
Kurt Kinetic's new Kinetic Energy trainer uses the same sturdy and stable steel frame we're used to but a novel resistance unit turns your hard work into something a little more useful than a puddle of sweat.
According to Kurt Kinetic, the trainer will generate 0.5kWh of electricity over a three-hour ride and then store it in an 18Ah battery for later use. This can be used during power cuts or even day-to-day to cut down on energy costs.
The unit is fairly bulky, we've no information on how well the system works as a bona fide resistance trainer and it's also rather expensive at US$500 (£295) including the power station accessory and battery.
But it's a novel concept and Kurt Kinetic hopes to introduce the system to third world regions that could gain some real benefit from its use. As Kurt Kinetic puts it, the Kinetic Energy trainer is "human energy turned into a marketable commodity".
On a related note, Kurt Kinetic also reported that its special-edition pink Road Trainers raised US$15,000 (£8,775) for the Susan G Komen Breast Cancer Foundation. In total, Kurt Kinetic sold 835 trainers, all of which were pre-ordered before a single one hit the production line.