text:
|Biographical Information
|Other names
The Dark Lord[2]
Gorthaur the Cruel[3]
The Shadow
The Enemy
|Physical Description
|Images of Sauron
|By Ardamir. (Help; more articles)
- "Sauron [...] was only less evil than his master in that for long he served another and not himself."
- ― J.R.R. Tolkien[3]
Sauron was the greatest and most trusted servant of Morgoth before and during the First Age. After the downfall of his master, he continuously strove to conquer Middle-earth throughout the Second and Third Ages. Deceiving the Elves of Eregion, who under his guidance had created the Rings of Power, he secretly forged the One Ring in Mount Doom. Thus Sauron became "The Lord of the Rings".
As one of the Maiar, Sauron was created by Ilúvatar before the Music of the Ainur.[5] At the beginning of Time, he was amongst the Ainur who entered into Eä.[3] Here he became one of the Maiar of Aulë,[3] and was known as Mairon.[4] However, he was soon ensnared by Melkor and became his greatest and most trusted servant.[1] Thus he came to be known Gorthaur by the Sindar of Beleriand and Sauron by others.[2]
Years of the Trees
After Melkor made his great fortress of Angband in the north-west of Middle-earth, he appointed Sauron to be its commander.[6] When the Valar captured Melkor at the Siege of Utumno, they stormed and searched Utumno and Angband; they, however, failed to find Sauron.[6]
First Age
Sauron was become now a sorcerer of dreadful power, master of shadows and of phantoms, foul in wisdom, cruel in strength, misshaping what he touched, twisting what he ruled, lord of werewolves; his dominion was torment.
—J.R.R. Tolkien[7]
With the unchaining of Morgoth and his subsequent destruction of the Two Trees of Valinor, the Sun first rose and ushered in the awakening of Men. Leaving Sauron in command of the war, Morgoth left Angband in secret to find the second-born kindred of the Children of Ilúvatar and to corrupt them to his will.[8]
After the fall of Fingolfin, Sauron launched an attack on Tol Sirion. Utter fear descended upon Orodreth and those who defended the isle. Sauron assailed Minas Tirith and turned it into a watch tower for Morgoth. Therein Sauron sat and Tol Sirion the fair became Tol-in-Gaurhoth, the Isle of Werewolves.[7]
Upon hearing of the deeds of Barahir and his companions, Morgoth ordered Sauron to find and kill them. Gorlim, one of Barahir's companions, was captured and brought before Sauron. There Sauron promised that he would he would free Gorlim and his wife Eilinel in return for information. Under the terror of Sauron's eyes, Gorlim revealed everything he knew and thus the hiding place of Barahir was betrayed to the enemy. Subsequently, Sauron had Gorlim put to death.[9]
Beren, son of Barahir, promised to avenge his father's death. He wandered Dorthonion as an outlaw and achieved great deeds that were heard far and wide. Thus Morgoth set a high price on his head and Sauron, commanding a great army of werewolves and fell beasts, sought for Beren.[9]
Later, Finrod Felagund, Beren, and their ten companions left Nargothrond in search of the Silmarils. Despite being disguised as Orcs, Sauron espied them as they entered into the vale between Ered Wethrin and Taur-nu-Fuin. He had them captured and they were brought to him. There Finrod and Sauron fought in songs of power; the strength of both was great, but Sauron was more powerful. He then stripped them of their Orc disguise but failed to discern who they were. He had them thrown into a dark pit where one by one they were devoured by a werewolf. Withstanding this horror, they refused to betray one another.[9]
When all of their companions were dead, Finrod and Beren were the last who remained alive in Sauron's pit. When a werewolf went to attack Beren, Finrod Felegund used all his power to defeat it. In this he was successful. However, he was critically wounded and soon passed away. In that dark moment, Lúthien came to the bridge of Tol-in-Gaurhoth and sang. From his tower of Minas Tirith, Sauron saw Lúthien and knew that it was the famous daughter of Melian and Thingol. He desired to capture her and hand her over to Morgoth. Therefore he sent a wolf to the bridge, but it was quickly and silently slain by Huan. He sent many more and each one Huan killed. Finally, he sent Draugluin, sire of the werewolves of Angband. The fight between Huan and Draugluin was fierce. Eventually Draugluin fled and, before dying, he told his master that Huan was there. Therefore Sauron took the form of a werewolf, the greatest the world had ever seen, and went towards the bridge. He leaped to attack Lúthien, but Huan sprang upon Sauron and there they fought. But Sauron could not subdue the hound of Valinor. He yielded to Lúthien, giving her control of the isle in return for his release. He then took the form of a vampire and fled to Taur-nu-Fuin, filling the forest with horror.[9]
After the War of Wrath, with the downfall of Morgoth and the destruction of Thangorodrim, Sauron adopted a fair form and repented his evil deeds in fear of the wrath of the Valar. Eönwë then ordered Sauron to return to Valinor in order to receive the judgement of Manwë. Sauron was not willing to suffer such humiliation and so he fled and hid himself in Middle-earth.[1]
Second Age
After lying hidden and dormant for about one thousand years, Sauron put on a fair visage in the Second Age. Calling himself Annatar, the Lord of Gifts, he befriended the Elvish smiths of Eregion, and counseled them in arts and magic. Not all the Elves trusted him, particularly Lady Galadriel and Gil-galad, High King of the Noldor, but few listened to them. The Elves forged Rings of Power, but in secret Sauron forged the One Ring in Mount Doom to rule the other rings, investing most of his own power into the Ring as he forged it.
In this time Sauron became known as the Dark Lord of Mordor. He raised Barad-dûr, the Dark Tower, near Mount Doom; constructed the Black Gate of Mordor to prevent invasion; corrupted nine mortal Men with Rings of Power and turned them into the Nazgûl (Ringwraiths), his chief servants; and raised massive armies of Orcs, Trolls, and Men, chiefly Easterlings and Southrons.
Sauron's power reached its zenith 700 years after Mordor's creation, in the 17th century of the Second Age. Immediately after Sauron created the One Ring, Celebrimbor and the other Ring-bearers realized his treachery and went to war with him. The War of the Elves and Sauron was a bloody conflict which destroyed Eregion and devastated much of Eriador. Celebrimbor was slain and his body impaled on a spike paraded at the head of Sauron's legions. The Elves were pushed back almost to the Blue Mountains, while their Dwarf allies (who had also rejected Sauron) retreated behind the walls of Moria where Sauron could not assail them. Sauron was master of almost all of Middle-earth beyond the coasts, but the Númenóreans responded to the Elves' call for aid and sent a relief force. The combined armies rallied and were able to defeat Sauron's armies in Eriador after heavy fighting, and the Dark Lord fled back to Mordor with little more than his own bodyguard and a handful of orcs.
Nonetheless, while Sauron's subsequent power never quite matched the height it had during the War with the elves, many of his most powerful enemies' homelands had been devastated. Relative to his enemies, Sauron's empire was actually in a stronger position than it used to be. His empire continued to expand to dominate barbarian Men to the far south and east. Throughout this, Sauron remained faithful in his old allegiance, building temples to the worship of Morgoth, where human sacrifice was practiced. Because of this, towards the end of the Second Age, Sauron assumed the titles of Lord of the Earth and King of Men.
This offended the Númenóreans, the powerful Men descended from the line of Beren and Lúthien, who lived on the island of Númenor in the sea between Middle-earth and Valinor. The proud Númenóreans came to Middle-earth with great force of arms, and Sauron's forces fled. Realizing he could not defeat the Numenoreans with military strength, Sauron allowed himself to be taken as a hostage to Númenor by King Ar-Pharazôn. There, he quickly grew from captive to advisor and was known as Tar-Mairon; he converted many Númenóreans to the worship of Morgoth, and raised a great temple in which he performed human sacrifices. Finally, he convinced the king to rebel against the Valar and attack Valinor itself. Eru, the supreme god, then directly intervened: Númenor was drowned under the sea, and the great navy of Númenor was destroyed. Sauron was diminished in the flood of Númenor, and fled back to Mordor, where he slowly rebuilt his strength during the time known as the Dark Years.
From this point on he was unable to assume a fair shape, and ruled now through terror and force. A few faithful Númenóreans were saved from the flood, and they founded Gondor and Arnor in Middle-earth. These faithful Men, led by Elendil and his sons, allied with the Elves of Lindon under the Elven-king Gil-galad, and together fought Sauron in the War of the Last Alliance and, after a long period, defeated him in the year S.A. 3441, although both Elendil and Gil-galad were killed. Isildur, son of Elendil, cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger and claimed it. Later, the Ring betrayed him and was lost for more than two thousand years.
Third Age
Sauron's Return
After his defeat in the War of the Last Alliance, Sauron had lost his ability to form a physical body for a great while. It is thought that he fled to the far east to regain his power and strength before returning. It was not until c. T.A. 1000 that Sauron could again begin to take shape and in 1050 his power was enough that he began again to throw a shadow across portions of Middle-earth. It is around this time that he first began to inhabit southern Greenwood the Great, choosing the hill of Amon Lanc as a place to build the fortress of Dol Guldur. At first, it was thought by the wise that it was one of the Nazgûl who had returned and taken up residence in southern Greenwood, but when Gandalf entered the fortress in 2063 the power in Dol Guldur fled before him into the East thus beginning the Watchful Peace.
The Watchful Peace
Sauron returned from the east in 2460 and again took up residence in Dol Guldur. Eventually, after many hundreds of years of pressing the White Council to take action against the Necromancer, Gandalf entered Dol Guldur in secret in 2850 and learned that the Necromancer was actually none other than Sauron. In 2851, the White Council were informed of this, and Gandalf urged an immediate attack upon the fortress, but Saruman the White opposed him, having already learned of the presence of the Ruling Ring near the Gladden Fields.
It was not until 90 years later, in 2941 that Gandalf finally prevailed upon the White Council to attack Dol Guldur and drive Sauron out (see Attack on Dol Guldur). At this point, Sauron returned to Mordor and finalized the reconstruction of Barad-dûr, which had been prepared for him by the Nazgûl for many years prior to this.
The War of the Ring
Sauron bred immense armies of Orcs and allies with which enslaved Men from the east and south. He adopted the symbol of a lidless eye, and he was able at that time to send out his will over Middle-earth, so that the Eye of Sauron was a symbol of power and fear.
After torturing Gollum, he learned that the One Ring had been found by Bilbo Baggins. He sent his deadliest servants, the Nazgûl, to the Shire, only to find that both Bilbo and his nephew, Frodo, had departed. Unbeknownst to Sauron, Frodo had, at the behest of Gandalf, joined the Fellowship of the Ring on a quest to destroy the Ring. He rallied his vast armies to conquer the resistance's strongholds, and sent the Ringwraiths to find and kill Frodo. At about this time, he also learned that Aragorn, Isildur's heir, had also joined the Fellowship, and was rallying armies to defeat his.
When Saruman's army was defeated at Isengard, Aragorn used the Palantir of Orthanc to reveal himself to Sauron. Sauron made the premature conclusion that Aragorn had the Ring, and sent an army commanded by his strongest servant, the Witch-King of Angmar, to overthrow Minas Tirith. This battle would become known as the Battle of the Pelennor Fields.
Although Sauron lost the Battle of Pelennor Fields, the free forces of the West were greatly weakened, and Sauron still had sufficent armies in reserve to ensure military victory. He was outwitted, however, by the strategy of Gandalf, who urged the captains of the Free peoples to march against Sauron, thus diverting the Dark Lord's eye from the real threat of Frodo, the Ring Bearer, who was nearing the end of his quest to destroy the One Ring.
Frodo, however, failed at the last moment, unable to resist the power of the Ring at the place of its birth. But Gollum inadvertently saved him by recovering the Ring in a desperate attempt to possess it, and then falling with it into the fire. Thus Sauron's power was unmade, and his corporeal power in Middle-earth came to an end. His spirit towered above Mordor like a black cloud, but was blown away by a powerful wind from the West. Sauron was now permanently crippled, never to rise again. Saruman would suffer a similar fate.
Appearance and Abilities
Sauron's true appearance is never explicitly explained or described. All that is said is, though he can (or could) take a fair form, his true form is terrifying and powerful, much stronger and taller than the greatest Man. At one point, Sauron could also take on the form of a great werewolf and a vampire. In the films, he is depicted as standing some three meters (roughly eight or nine feet) tall, clad from head to toe in black armour, with a cloak, spiked gauntlets, and a spiked helmet, wielding a massive warhammer much like his Master had. His actual abilities are vague as well, though even before he forged the Ring he had many of the powers Melkor had, and was able to command legions of Orcs, vampires, and werewolves with ease. He could sing songs of power of immense strength and his very visage instilled fear into the bravest of hearts. He acted as the Lord of the Vampires and of the Werewolves and as Melkor's chief military commander and greatest servant, likely the greatest Maia as well, still maintaining loyalty to his old master into the Third Age.
After the forging of the Ring of Power, it is likely his powers were multiplied further. Himself taking an interest in architecture, he constructed the Morannon and the Barad-dur using the Ring, both of which were some of the mightiest fortfications ever constructed in Middle Earth. During the War of the Last Alliance, the Western forces had outnumbered and surrounded the Orcs in a bitter siege of Sauron's stronghold, and though the Western forces suffered heavy losses, they did not break, until Sauron led out a final sortie himself, his presence alone causing the Western Armies to panic and nearly flee. He is known to have dueled with great warriors of the West here and in the past, displaying his power and skill in melee combat.
It is said he surrounded Mordor with fire, terrifying the Easterlings, though Sauron was also known as "the Lord of Gifts", benefiting his allies to maintain upmost loyalty. His persuasion, both in physical form and as his ephemeral Eye, was immense; all but the most staunch of hearts could be manipulated and controlled to his whim, and those he could not corrupt he still instilled fear and deceit to them. Gollum and Saruman are prime examples of just how far his corruption could go into the hearts of otherwise honest individuals.
Sauron possessed a watchful sight over Middle Earth during the Third Age, and at any point if his Ring were worn, he would know exactly where the Ring was. Sauron was also known as "The Shadow" by many, and was known to even be able to manipulate the weather, such as when a dark, unnatural storm was brought over Minas Tirith during the Siege of Gondor. Using the ancient palantíri, Sauron had windows on all corners of Middle Earth at all times, those who used them being subjected to his gaze and will, whether they were aware of it or not. Even Gandalf the White remarks several times about his power, acknowledging the Dark Lord as the most powerful individual in all of Middle Earth.
Sauron (pron. [ˈsaʊron])[note 1] is a Quenya name, said to mean "the Abhorred".[10]
Several accounts of the origin of the name Sauron were suggested in different linguistic manuscripts:
- deriving from Quenya saura ("foul, evil-smelling, putrid", from the root THUS).[11]
- deriving from Quenya saura ("foul, vile"; from root SAWA). The manuscript continues saying that Sauron "could be a genuine Sindarin formation from saur; but is probably from Quenya". However, this origin appears to have been rejected, as it is followed by the comment "No. THAW-, cruel. Saura, cruel" in the manuscript.[12]
- deriving from the Primitive Quendian form Øaurond- (formed from the adjective Øaurā "detestable", from root THAW).[13]
- deriving from Thauron, which includes the Sindarin element thaur ("abominable, abhorrent"; also found in Gorthaur).[14]
Other names and titles
Gorthaur (Sindarin, pron. [ˈɡorθaʊr]) was a name used of Sauron by the Sindar during the First Age,[15][16] meaning "Terrible Dread".
In some of Tolkien's notes from the 1950s, it is said that Sauron's original name was Mairon, "the admirable" (Q, pron. [ˈmaɪron]), "but this was altered after he was suborned by Melkor. But he continued to call himself Mairon the Admirable, or Tar-mairon 'King Excellent', until after Númenor's downfall."[4]
Among his many titles were the Necromancer, the Abhorred Dread, the Nameless Enemy, the Cruel,[17] the Dark Lord of Mordor and the Lord of the Rings. The Dúnedain called him Sauron the Deceiver due to his role in the downfall of Númenor and the Forging of the Rings of Power.
Other versions of the Legendarium
Prior to the publication of The Silmarillion Sauron's origins and true identity were unclear to those without full access to Tolkien's notes. In early editions of the Guide to Middle Earth, Sauron is described as "probably of the Eldar elves."
Since the earliest versions of the Silmarillion legendarium as detailed in the History of Middle-earth series, Sauron has undergone many changes. The prototype of this character was Tevildo, lord of the cats, who played the role later taken by Sauron in the earliest version of the story of Beren and Lúthien in The Book of Lost Tales Part Two, The Tale of Tinúviel. Tevildo later (but still in the Book of Lost Tales period) was transformed into Thû, the Necromancer. The name was then changed to Gorthû, Sûr, and finally to Sauron. Gorthû, in the form Gorthaur remained in The Silmarillion.
The Necromancer
In The Hobbit the Necromancer is an obscure villainous entity mentioned fleetingly by Gandalf as one of the dangers of the wider world. He is peripheral to the plot of the book: explaining why the company takes the dangerous road though Mirkwood rather than going around, and providing a reason for Gandalf's absence for that section of the journey. Thematically the Necromancer, a truly 'terrible' force beyond the power of the main protagonists, gives the world of The Hobbit a greater level of reality which Tolkien felt was necessary for a 'fairy-tale' to ring true.[18]
Despite the alias it would appear that the Necromancer was always intended to stand for Sauron, a figure from the very earliest phases of his Legendarium (as Tevildo in The Tale of Tinúviel). Shortly after the publication of The Hobbit Tolkien wrote:
Mr Baggins began as a comic tale among conventional and inconsistent Grimm's fairy-tale dwarves, and got drawn into the edge of it – so that even Sauron the terrible peeped over the edge.
—J.R.R. Tolkien[19]
However, as The Hobbit was not originally intended to be integrated with Tolkien's wider mythology the Necromancer did not necessarily need to be consistent with his First Age counterpart Sauron, rather the two were loosely linked to add an 'impression of depth' to the narrative of The Hobbit. With Tolkien's decision to merge the two 'worlds' and make Sauron the central antagonist Lord of the Rings came the need to reconcile the two figures and account for his whereabouts in the millennia between the end of the First Age and his dwelling in Bilbo's Mirkwood. This was largely achieved in the Tale of Years, with Sauron becoming a much greater figure after the fall of his master, one who argueably drove the history of the entire Second and Third Ages of Middle-earth.
Portrayal in adaptations
|Sauron in Adaptations
1978: The Lord of the Rings (1978 film):
1980: The Return of the King (1980 film):
1981: The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series):
1993: Hobitit:
2001-03: The Lord of the Rings (film series):
2002: The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game):
2002: The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game):
2003: The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game):
2012-14: The Hobbit (film series):
Radio series
1955: The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series):
- The voice of Sauron is provided by Felix Felton.[20]
1968: The Hobbit (1968 radio series):
- Sauron is mentioned only very briefly at the end; Gandalf and Elrond discuss how the "Necromancer" had been driven from his abode in the south of Mirkwood.
1979: The Hobbit (1979 radio series):
1979: The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series):
Video games
1985: Lord of the Rings: Game One:
1988: J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth
1990: J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. I (1990 video game):
- Sauron is mentioned by Gandalf in the beginning of the game.
1993: J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. II: The Two Towers:
- Sauron is mentioned in the beginning of the game, when Gandalf explains the history of the One Ring.
2003: The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring:
2003: The Hobbit (2003 video game):
- Sauron and the events of the south of Mirkwood are left unmentioned. However, whilst in Mirkwood, Bilbo has to defeat creatures that he calls "Minions of the Necromancer".
2004: The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age:
- At the end of the game, Berethor and company (the playable characters) have to defeat the eye of Sauron by physically attacking him on top of Barad-dûr.
2004: The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth:
2005: The Lord of the Rings: Tactics:
2006: The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II:
2007: The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar:
2008: The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria:
2009: The Lord of the Rings: Conquest:
2010: The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest:
2011: The Lord of the Rings: War in the North
2012: Guardians of Middle-earth:
- Sauron is a "guardian".[21]
1982-97: Middle-earth Role Playing:
- Sauron is treated as a Mage of level 180 (level 360 if using the One Ring). Among his items are the Elf-slaying Black Sword (S. Mormegil), the Gauntlet of Slaying ("Narsil's Bane"), and the Black Scale of dragonskin. Among his special powers are Domination (control over other players using the One Eye), resistance to normal weapons, and the ability to force anyone within his sight to resist fear (or otherwise becoming frozen).[22][23]
1995-8: Middle-earth Collectible Card Game:
- The card "Sauron", appearing in the set The Balrog, is playable as a manifestation of the card "The Lidless Eye" (from the set The Lidless Eye), and can be used by players to enhance their general influence.[24]
See also
- ↑ Sauron is pronounced "sour-on" (sour as in not sweet).
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age"
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Index of Names"
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Valaquenta: Account of the Valar and Maiar According to the Lore of the Eldar"
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson), p. 183
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Ainulindalë: The Music of the Ainur"
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor"
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Coming of Men into the West"
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of Beren and Lúthien"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Index of Names"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lost Road and Other Writings, "Part Three: The Etymologies", p. 393 (entry THUS-)
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson), pp. 183-4
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien; Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 297, (dated August 1967), p. 380
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Appendix: Elements in Quenya and Sindarin Names" (entry for thaur)
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The War of the Jewels, "Part Two. The Later Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin (Chapter 15)", p. 240
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Valaquenta: Of the Enemies"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien; Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 17, (dated 15 October 1937)
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien; Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 19, (dated 16 December 1937)
- ↑ Radio Times, Volume 133, No. 1724, November 23, 1956
- ↑ "Guardians of Middle-earth: First Official Gameplay Trailer" dated 29 June 2012, YouTube (accessed 16 July 2012)
- ↑ Peter C. Fenlon, Terry K. Amthor, R. Mark Colborn (1986), Lords of Middle-earth Vol I: The Immortals (#8002), pp. 98-102
- ↑ Peter C. Fenlon, Jr. (1993), Valar and Maiar (#2006), pp. 97-105
- ↑ "Home page for the game Middle Earth", Trade Cards Online (accessed 5 January 2012)
Ring created
c. S.A. 1600 – 3441
|Followed by:
| Manwë · Ulmo · Aulë · Oromë · Mandos · Irmo · Tulkas ·
|Varda · Yavanna · Nienna · Estë · Vairë · Vána · Nessa
|Arien · Eönwë · Ilmarë · Melian · Ossë · Salmar · Tilion · Uinen
|Saruman · Gandalf · Radagast · Blue Wizards
|Sauron · Balrogs (Gothmog · Durin's Bane) · Boldogs
|Music · Valarin · Almaren · Valinor · Valmar · Second Music • italics indicates Aratar


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Challenge - a dance performance for, by and with young people.
11 - 23 May 2013
Twenty youths. Five dancers from GöteborgsOperans Danskompani. Together, they´re looking for answers to questions such as What is a risk zone? What is respect? and What is a challenge? The result is an excitement mixture of dance, movement and other expressions. The work is being led by choreographer Guido Markowitz and his assistant Daniela Rodrigues Romero.
May 11 (world premiere)
May 12 GöteborgsOperan Small Stage
May 14 Backa Kulturhus Tickets email@example.com or 031-3669020
May 16 Frölunda Kulturhus Tickets frolundakulturhus.se
May 23 Angered KulturATOM Tickets email@example.com or 0702-704902 Facebook Kulturatom
Length approximately 1 hour. Admission is free.
Tickets: 031-13 13 00, at the Göteborg Opera Box office or the other arenas
Look at photos from Challenge
Guido Markowitz has many years of experience working as a freelance choreographer and director with companies including Jochen Ulrich's company at Landestheater Linz, the Ballet Stage company in Graz and Ballet Baden. Several of his works have been exhibited at festivals like the Art of Dance East and West in Giessen and his work was nominated twice for the German Faust. He has also choreographed operas and musicals such as The Black Brothers in Switzerland.
Whenever he is able and has the opportunity, he works with young people and is keen to include urban dance styles in his works. Society and the present day are analysed and portrayed through modern dance and various expressive media. At the Itzehoe Theater, he got 150 young people involved in his project. TAKE-OFF was choreographed by him as a series of choreographies with young people at Dance Hall NRW in Germany. His work called Wild Times was included at the German Children and Youth Foundation congress.
Daniela Rodrigues Romero is a freelance dancer and choreographer who specialises in styles of dance such as locking, popping, boogaloo and hip hop. She trained under people including Nils "Storm" Robitzky. Hip hop pioneers like Mr. Wiggles, Tony Go-Go, Shabbadoo, Original Skeeter RabbitHon and Buddha Stretch have also been her inspiration. Daniela has choreographed several works for her group Nutrospektif and, since 2010, has been working with Guido Markowitz as his assistant on projects involving young people.
Daniela has developed a programme for student teachers, Urban Dance in Schools, to get them to use hip hop culture in their lessons. She developed this at the Institute of Dance and Movement Culture at the Sport University Cologne in Germany. She also started up Ladies Dance, a support organisation for females within street culture.

subset: commoncrawl


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SCL Seminar: George S. Clinton presents SONIC CHOICES - SHARING THE SOUNDSCAPE
The SCL Presents:
Wednesday, July 13th, 2016
American Film Institute | Mark Goodson Theater
2021 N Western Ave
Los Angeles, CA 90027
Join us for an exciting evening as award-winning Film and TV composer George S. Clinton, music editor Mike Flicker, mixing engineer Steve Kempster and chief orchestrator Suzie Katayama present various feature film main titles which Mr. Clinton has scored, and discuss the "sonic choices" that were made during the scoring process.
George S. Clinton is also the SCL's latest Board Member. You are invited to mingle with Mr. Clinton and your fellow SCL Members during a meet and greet after the event. Refreshments will be served.
George S. Clinton is an award winning composer who has scored over 100 films, most notably "Austin Powers International Man of Mystery" and it's blockbuster sequels; Disney's hit "Santa Clause" sequels; "Mortal Kombat" 1 & 2; "Wild Things", "Red Shoe Diaries", John Water's "A Dirty Shame" and the Emmy Award winning "Bury My Heart At Wounded Knee."
He began his professional musical career as a singer/songwriter in Nashville, while earning degrees in music and drama. Upon moving to LA, he became a staff songwriter for Warner Brothers Music, with songs recorded by the likes of Michael Jackson and Joe Cocker. It was the music from Clinton's last album as a recording artist, that attracted the attention of Cheech and Chong, giving him the chance to score his first film "Still Smokin'"
In addition, Mr. Clinton is an advisor at the Sundance Composers Lab, is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and the Television Academy, served as Chair of the Film Scoring Department at the Berklee College of Music for 3 years, and most recently, joined the Board of the SCL.
Awards include Grammy and Emmy nominations, the SCL Ambassador Award, and nine BMI Film Music Awards, including their highest honor, the BMI Icon Award for career achievement.
Mike Flicker is a consummate music industry veteran, with creative, technical, and administrative expertise developed in the decades of service to the music, television, and film industries. His depth of music production/ editorial, technology, and administrative experience led naturally to the formation of Mike Flicker Music Services, a full-service music company supplying Music Editorial, Music Supervision, and related services to the entertainment community.
Founded in 1991, Mike Flicker Music Services continues to provide a diverse range of supervisory and editorial music services to the major studios and composers. Mike enjoys the privilege of working with many outstanding composers, including Mark Mancina, George S. Clinton, (on 30 films), Christopher Young, Elia Cmiral, Carl Davis, John Morris and Hans Zimmer. Diversity is one of Mike Flicker's unique strengths: an impressive list of number one box office feature credits including the hit thriller, "Stigmata," Denzel Washington's last #1 drama, "John Q" and one of the all-time highest grossing comedies, "Austin Powers In Goldmember." On the small screen, the company has worked on diverse record setting TV projects such as the edgy sci-fi series "The 4400," the biopic "The Natalie Cole Story," the unique crime drama "44 Minutes" and the Emmy winning "Bury My Heart At Wounded Knee".
Mike complements his active entertainment industry role by conducting music and technology workshops and seminars. He has designed an array of curriculum, from Advanced Audio Engineering and Music Production to Audio Post Production, Music Video Production, and Business Aspects of the Recording & Music Entertainment Industries, for recording arts organizations including the Institute of Audio Video Engineering, Trebas Institute, and ISOMATA. Mike also developed, along with veteran producer/engineer Roger Nichols, the R.I.T. (Recording Institute of Technology), a state-of-the-art facility located at the famed Musicians Institute.
Steve Kempster has recorded and mixed well over one hundred films and/or video games over his thirty year career. He has done 20 films with Mr Clinton and other work includes The Banner Saga, Assassin's Creed: Syndicate, Planes, The Bourne Supremacy, Rock Star and Con Air.
Having experience with all types of projects, from tentpole blockbuster films to well crafted independent films, he has recorded and mixed films made by A-list directors and producers, as well as first time filmmakers both in the United States and in Europe. These diverse experiences inform his choices with powerful and emotionally sensitive mixes that help deliver the best outcome. Coming from a background as a songwriter and musician, Steve's ability to understand and amplify the theme and story's core is invaluable to the composer and the visual media team.
Suzie Katayama is a musician, conductor, arranger, and orchestrator who has recorded and performed with the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra and renowned artists such as Duran Duran, Prince (Purple Rain), Madonna (Ray of Light), Aerosmith, Nirvana, Elton John, Linkin Park, Maroon 5, Ben Folds, Faith Hill, Tim McGraw, Train, Josh Groban, Eric Clapton, and Celine Dion.
As a cellist, she has performed on numerous films and TV shows, including Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, Star Trek, WALL-E, Alias, Lost and Desperate Housewives. As an orchestrator/conductor, Suzie has also contributed to film soundtracks for Ghostrider: Spirit of Vengeance, Fatal Secrets, and been Mr Clinton's chief orchestrator on over 30 films.
Suzie's music industry arranging and conducting credits include projects for Jon Bon Jovi, Andrea Bocelli, Mariah Carey, Michael Jackson, Janet Jackson, Sam Moore, Frank Sinatra, James Blunt and Ringo Starr.
REGISTRATION REQUIRED: Click "ATTEND EVENT" below
FREE for SCL MEMBERS
THE SOCIETY OF COMPOSERS & LYRICISTS (SCL) is the non-profit premier organization for professional film, television, video game, and musical theater composers and lyricists, and those working in our industry such as orchestrators, arrangers, music supervisors, music agents, music attorneys, music editors, copyists, recording engineers, and related jobs, with a distinguished 70-year history in the fine art of creating music for visual media. Current SCL Members include the top creative professionals whose experience and expertise is focused on many of the creative, technological, legal, newsworthy and pressing issues of the film music, television music, game music, and musical theatre industry today.


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A Terrible Irony Is Born
In "The Ethical Traveler," by Tim Padgett (1/30), there is a terrible irony. The author's calls to abstain from condescension are themselves thoroughly condescending. His pedantic assertions fail to reach beyond the same tired narrative that everyone who has read a guidebook knows. Worst of all, Mr. Padgett's words have a whiff of an unpleasant bias against his own fellow citizens.
Personally, I find that there are balances to be found between esteeming and denigrating one's own country and the one you are visiting. While travelling with an open mind is important, this includes a mind open to embracing the parts of your own culture that you like better than those elsewhere. Yes, we should be polite and try to fit in as possible, but not at the expense of our identity.
Edward Visel
Iwate, Japan
Cantina Wisdom
It is refreshing to read an article like "The Ethical Traveler" (1/30), which reminds us about the importance of openness to other cultures and discovering their diversity and enjoyment through local food and drink. I particularly enjoyed the Mexican cantina stories, which reminded me of the chicken feet appetizer I was served once with my tequila. On the wall was inscribed a quaint proverb, "Si el agua destruye a los caminos, que no hara a los intestinos" (If water destroys roads, imagine what it can do to your intestines). Another cantina was named La Oficina (the Office), so husbands could avoid lying when asked by their spouses where they were.
Charles A. Hammond
Sandusky, Mich.
Well Done!
I really enjoyed Kerry Weber's article "Writing Home" (1/30). I know Andalusia well, but I learned a lot about Gethsemane and Margaret Mitchell's house, which I have never visited, and I also enjoyed seeing in the online slideshow that accompanied the article the hometown and school of Graham Greene. The whole thing was well done!
Frances Florencourt
Arlington, Mass.
Children of Adam
Re Maurice Timothy Reidy's review of Alan Payne's film "The Descendants" ("Family Circles," 1/30): "Descend-ants" can also refer to the children of Adam. In that light, I read the film as an exploration of human life after the fall. It is, to be sure, a secular exploration (perhaps a secular parable), but I wonder if faulting it for not mentioning God is somewhat beside the point.
Payne appears to be reversing the old idea in Christian theology that we steal Egyptian gold (that is, the wisdom of the pagans) and use it to render Christian wisdom more intelligible. Payne has stolen biblical gold and used it effectively to render secular humanism more intelligent. That entails bringing it to the realization that, yes, we are fallen, that we are all in this together and that only something like a love that has the capacity to withstand rejection and pain stands a chance of getting us out of this mess. And while God is not mentioned, the film does reject many false gods along the way, leaving the viewer to wonder about the real source of our salvation. Not bad for a Hollywood film.
Steve Miles
Immaculata, Pa.
Best Foot Forward
Best wishes, Patricia Kossmann, as you hang up your tap shoes (Of Many Things, 1/30), but try to keep your feet nimble as you serve others in future chosen volunteer work. What a wonderful tribute to the co-workers you have met, thought with and I'm sure prayed with over these years. May many more delightful encounters with many new friends bless your new beginnings.
Pat Cuddihy, R.H.S.J.
Kingston, Ont., Canada
Christian Enforcers?
Re "In Harm's Way" by Mary Meehan (1/16): We have become what and who we said we were going to destroy. We are not a Christian nation as we enforce justice and peace according to our terms. We protect our national material interests, then go to church on Sunday and pray for the soldiers we put in harm's way. We need to own this and require just wars, if they exist, to be the only ones waged. The fiasco of President Bush's wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has been sanctioned and supported by our 535 representatives. We become alarmed only when our financial fortune is severely threatened.
Mike Schlacter
Work Ethics
Re"The Continuing Mission," by Kevin Clarke (1/16): Catholic Relief Services is one of the church's true treasures. Ken Hackett provided excellent stewardship at C.R.S., and we hope and pray that Carolyn Woo will do the same. I already like her work ethic: "Blessed Mother, Father, Son and the Holy Spirit, today is a workday, and we all have to show up for work."
Bill Collier
Ivoryton, Conn.
Big Step Backward
Re your editorial, "The Way of Life" (1/16): We took a big step backward when we cut welfare benefits. The group that would now be receiving such benefits has the highest abortion rate. Private, small group and individual help is needed, yes, but it will always be insufficient. Public programs are also needed, but more cuts in these programs seem on the way, including nutrition programs like W.I.C. This is literally taking milk from babies to help solve the debt crisis caused mainly by big investment banks. Yet it seems to me (I hope I'm mistaken) that many who call themselves pro-life are lined up with those favoring these cuts.
One thing we can all do, regardless of our political labels, is pray the Rosary, especially the first joyful mystery, for all troubled pregnant women. Mary, after all, was comforted by the angel before she said her big yes.
Jim Lein
Minot, N.D.
A Campaign Elephant
In "What We Must Face" (1/16), John Kavanaugh, S.J., launches a campaign to reach the third largest religious group in America, ex-Catholics; but he appeals to nostalgia instead of addressing the elephants in the room: the paternalism, sexism and homophobia that undermine the credibility of the leadership of the church. Church leaders have become managers focused on power and control rather than on modeling the behavior of Christ, who scandalized his culture when he ate with "sinners" and healed on the Sabbath.
Many ex-Catholics know that to be Catholic means to be all-embracing, to appreciate all sources of revelation as paths to truth. We have an obligation to form a right conscience as adults and know that we will be judged not by our sins, but by how our actions witness to the impartial and boundless compassion of God. The church seems to have adopted a fortress mentality; the leadership protects the followers from the corruptions of "secular" culture. My Jesuit Catholic education taught me to find God in all things.
Barbara DeCoursey Roy
St. Albans, Mont.
I chuckled when I saw Pat Cuddihy's "My Best Foot Forward" (2/27), captioning her lovely good wishes to Patricia Kossmann. It reminded me how much I enjoyed William Saffire's reply, back in 1990, when he was criticized for failing to remember that, in comparing two things, the proper form is 'greater', not 'greatest'. Saffire responded: "I could defend my usage by citing Shakespeare on two armies in King John: 'Both are alike. One must prove greatest.' Or say, along with the old boxing referees, 'May the best man win.' But it would be wrong. I goofed, and should have said, 'Where is the greater sin?' In conceding my error, I am putting my best foot forward."


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Tony Award Productions in association with CABLEready, a leading independent distributor of television programming for media outlets worldwide, will distribute the American Theatre Wing's 67th Annual Tony Awards® telecast to theatre fans in four continents and over 45 countries around the globe.
Tony Awards will be made available by the international broadcasters listed below. Make sure to CHECK LOCAL LISTINGS!
Unless otherwise noted, the broadcasts will occur either live or within a week of the June 10 U.S. broadcast on CBS. Check local listings for more information.
Even if your country or region isn't listed, fans of the Tonys across the globe may watch live coverage of Tony Awards events here at TonyAwards.com. On Sunday, June 9, our coverage begins at 6:00 p.m. ET (GMT -4) with a live webcast of the stars' arrivals on the Tony Awards Red Carpet presented by Audemars Piguet. Check out our guide to complete on-line coverage.
We'll also be updating the website all evening long, and posting news and videos here and on Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube.
The Tony Awards, hosted by Neil Patrick Harris, will be broadcast live across the United States on CBS, Sunday, June 9th, 8:00 - 11:00 p.m. (ET/PT time delay).
The 2013 Tony Awards are presented by The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing.Revised Tuesday, 09 May, 2017


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patterns > Artyarns > Artyarns and 1 more...
> Sandy's Fury E222
Sandy's Fury E222
This pattern is part of the Silk Essence Collection.
It was designed and knitted during the course of the hurricane, whose effects are still being felt significantly in White Plains, NY, where I am located. We were out of power for over 10 days, and many in our area are still without power--some losing everything. If you are interested in contributing to Sandy Hurricane Relief, consider purchasing the Wispy Cable Scarf Pattern.
This is actually a very simple feather and fan pattern with built-in increases that alternates with a simple eyelet mesh panel with no increases. The sideways edging is a simple yet effective way to bind off and compliment the eyelets. Although only 400 yards were used in the pattern, the end result is a substantial shawl, that can be made larger with 2 skeins and extra repeats.
The pattern requires no charts, because the lace is repetitive.
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723 Whiskey Bravo opened its doors about a year ago, and now it�s embarking on a new course.
Initially opening as a multi-level sports bar restaurant, the establishment has a new chef, menu, and has embarked on a new path under new direction.
Now known as 723 Whiskey Bravo Bistro & Bar, George Barnes, former owner of the successful Smiling Fish Cafe in Gulf Place has come onboard to lead the restaurant as director of operations.
One of Barnes' first orders of business was to hire a new executive chef. That chef is Alan Baltazar, formerly with Cuvee Bistro in Destin.
Barnes said the conversation with the restaurant's owners, Skip and Victoria Moore, started three months ago with a plan to increase the restaurant's efficiency.
Although at Smiling Fish Barnes could usually be found in the kitchen, he said at Whiskey Bravo, it's a culinary collaboration.
"I interviewed three or four potential candidates for the job, and I thought Alan's experience, passion, and youth brought a quality and energy that couldn't be matched," said Barnes. "He is very talented. He was a customer of mine at Smiling Fish, and we will work together to define a vision of the menu."
What patrons will find on the Whiskey Bravo menu will be some of Smiling Fish's most popular dishes, some of Baltazar's favorites, some of Whiskey Bravo's signatures, as well as some new ones. As far as the new duo touting a signature dish, Barnes said, "Everything is a signature dish and a star, or we wouldn't put it on the menu."
Moore is bringing back her Victoria Salad, and her fried mac and cheese, which she said were popular.
Joining those will be Baltazar's applewood smoked bacon caramel popcorn for the bar, braised beef shortribs, and his featured fish of the day.
Barnes will be offering his crispy duck spinach salad, fried grouper taco, and calamari salad � just to name a few.
"It is bigger and more contemporary than Smiling Fish with a great location. It will feel a little dressier, like putting on a new coat or shoes," said Barnes of his new-found home.
Barnes said the name tweaking of the restaurant will help passersby better know what to expect to find inside, and reflects the management's commitment to serving dishes prepared with the freshest local ingredients and presenting them in their purest form.
"It will be coastal bistro with more fish. We just moved from a sports bar theme into a casual creative bistro. And the price point will be comfortable for locals," he said.
New carpet, wine cooler, staff and uniforms, as well as a new dinner menu have also been added.
"We did a redo to take the restaurant up a couple of levels," said Moore. "We hit a home run with George's expertise of 20 years, his following and Alan's. It is going to be a cool coastal experience. Skip and I have been listening."
Following a soft opening for locals Feb. 8, the restaurant officially re-opened Feb. 11.
"I'm very excited," said Moore.
The restaurant is open every day except Sunday. Lunch is served Monday through Saturday from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m., and dinner from 5 to 9:30 p.m. The bar is open from 3 to 5 p.m. Happy hour is from 5 to 6 p.m. with 25 percent off bar menu items.


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Beauty crystal ball: V Magazine gets industry insiders to talk trends for beauty 2010
Halloween has come and gone again, which means it's a made dash to the end of the 2009 (and the decade) from herein out. We're starting our slippery slide down that annual slope with beauty predictions for 2010 from V Magazine, who've questioned models, stylists and creative directors how they think beauty will shape up in decade two of the 21st century. Here's what they had to say:
"More is more! Women want to look strong, powerful, and sexy again," – Aaron De Mey, Creative Director, Lancome (DARIA WERBOWY photographed by Mario Sorrenti, makeup by Aaron De Mey, hair by Didier Malige for Frederic Fekkai)
"The future of beauty lies in personality, which is far more interesting than just being beautiful. Knowing yourself and making yourself known as you want to be – even being someone else if you want." – Christophe de Lataillade, Creative Director, Thierry Mugler Parfums (ANNA VYALITSNYA Photography by Richard Burbridge, makeup by Kabuki, hair by Shay Ashual, styling by Brian Molloy (Bustier by Thierry Mugler; Earrings by Cartier) )
"The future of beauty is the pursuit of a cyber-esque perfection. I wanted to transpose this virtual world onto a real face." – Val Garland, Artistic Adviser, YSL Makeup (KAROLIN WOLTER Photography by Miguel Reveriego, makeup by Val Garland, hair by Peter Gray)
"Beauty in 2010 will focus less on the external and more on the internal. Our health, mind, energy, and, most important, spirit will be the new foundations of true beauty." – James Gager, SVP and Creative Director, M.A.C. Cosmetics Worldwide (ALI MICHAEL Photography by Miles Aldridge, makeup by Ellis Faas)
"Beauty 2010 is about spontaneity, freedom of expression, and confidence." – Linda Cantello, International makeup artist, Giorgio Armani Beauty (KATRIN THORMAN Photography by Daniel Jackson,makeup by Linda Cantello, hair by Esther Langham, styling by Marie Chaix)
"Modernity is taking the classic and making it surreal." – Kamo (MIYUKI KOIZUMI Photography by Kazunari Tajima, makeup and hair by Kamo)
"Black is the new black." – James Kaliardos, Creative Director, L'Oreal Paris International (HEIDI MOUNT AND SASHA PIVOVAROVA Photography by Mario Sorrenti, makeup by James Kaliardos, hair by Recine, styling by Jane How)
"The future of beauty is about letting your freak flag fly. Anything goes when the whistle blows!" – Jimmy Paul, Editorial Stylist, Bumble and bumble (COCO ROCHA photographed by Alasdair McLellan, makeup by Kaoru, hair by Jimmy Paul, styling by Marie Chaix)
"Optimism. The more, the better." – Gucci Westman, Creative Director, Revlon (NATALIA VODIANOVA photograped by Craig McDean, makeup by Gucci Westman, hair by Julien d'Ys (necklace by Tom Binns Design))
"The past inspires the future." – Aerin Lauder, Senior VP and Creative Director, Estee Lauder (Photo (1983) by Victor Skrebneski for Estee Lauder)
Images and copy courtesy of V Magazine.


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Moroccan Interior Design Ideas
Moroccan interior design lets you revel in all the romantic character and intrigue of this ancient North African culture, without the long plane ride.
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Moroccan interior design lets you revel in all the romantic character and intrigue of this ancient North African culture, without the long plane ride.
Successfully staging a home to sell comes down to a few key elements. Get all the tips and tricks you need for staging your home to sell fast right here.
You don't have to live on the coastline to take advantage of ocean-inspired colors, natural textures, and nautical accents. We've compiled 15 Coastal decorating ideas that capture the essence of this quintessential beach style and are sure to breathe fresh, new life into any space.
Anyone can set a gorgeous and welcoming Thanksgiving table with these helpful tips. Learn how to create a festive tablescape your guests will love.
There's a pillow for every sleep style out there. Find the perfect pillow size, shape, and fill type to give you the kind of sleep you've been dreaming of.
It's only a matter of time before some incident soils your carpet or area rug, so here are easy steps on how to get out any stain you might encounter.
Like taking a time machine back to the Fabulous '50s, Mid-Century Modern interior design is your ticket to a classic, retro look.
King-size beds are the largest and most luxurious of all mattress options. If you're considering getting a king-size mattress, here's what to know before you buy.
Get the look of a hip downtown space with this fresh take on Industrial decor. Read more to learn how to create your own Industrial Loft.
With our busy lives, there are little things that often get overlooked, like keeping track of how long we've used our pillows or bath towels. However, replacing these things in a timely fashion is efficient and helpful in having a smoothly run household.
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Shawty Lo Behind The Scenes Of Foolish Remix! [WSHH EXCLUSIVE]
BEHIND SCENES SHAWTY LO FOOLISH Remix Video Shoot! Waddap Jordan Tower, DJ Khaled, Pitbull, Shawty Lo, Ace Hood, Dipset, Byrdgang, Boogz Boogetz! & Anyone else we missed.
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Just received an email solicitation for various wines which included a few recent vintages of Sloan. I apparently should read the Parker board more often, because this winery only recently came to my attention and only then because of the enormous prices these Napa wines are commanding. I'm talking like $450 and $600 a bottle (for wines rated RP 98 and 100 respectively.
When/how/where did this winery come from?


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2011 Chicago Scholarship Dinner• April 12, 2011 Share:
The Wabash Club of Chicago gathered at Maggianos downtown for their annual Scholarship dinner on April 11, 2011. It was a great event!
Dave Beedie (pictured above), father of Wabash senior Chris Beedie, told the group of Wabash alumni and prospective students and parents about the profound impact Wabash has had on his son and the entire family. Dave explained that four years ago he was sitting where the prospective families were sitting, pondering the next step, and six months before that he had not heard of Wabash College. They made the choice for Wabash and could not be more pleased. Chris will graduate next month with a degree in Spanish and will be off to change the world as a Spanish teacher. Chris recently received a future teaching award - click here for the story.
President Pat White spoke after dinner, telling the crowd of the ongoing efforts to make Wabash ever stronger. President White mentioned the opportunities current students have including the chance to perform leading edge research along with our faculty. Just as important is the opportunity for our students to travel with their professors to national conferences AND present their findings. In fact, while President Whie was in Chicago, a group of students with Professor Ann Taylor were attending a conference in Washington, DC. President White also mentioned the accomplishments of many of our student athletes, noting they compete at the highest levels nationally in their sports AND earn recognition for their accomplishments in the classroom.
Many thanks to Greg Jania '93 and Eric Schoettle '93, Chicago co-leaders, for organizing the dinner and program. Thanks as well to Kim King '99, the Admissions representative for the Chicago area, for his work in putting together a fun evening.
Top: Wabash parent Dave Beedie tells of his son's journey to Wabash.
Right: President Pat White makes a point about campus momentum.
Top: Wabash parent Dave Beedie tells of his son's journey to Wabash.
Right: President Pat White makes a point about campus momentum.


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The medical world can often predict the next outbreak of the flu. By the astronomical amount of people suffering from this winter's influenza epidemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's sniffling forecast got it right.
The medical world can often predict the next outbreak of the flu. By the astronomical amount of people suffering from this winter's influenza epidemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's sniffling forecast got it right.
There's some predicting going on about a possible outbreak within the woodland community. Regionally speaking, there's some chatter about a creature waiting to emerge this spring — perhaps millions of them. These creepy, crawly critters won't attack our sinus passages and make us feel miserable like the flu, but will focus on the sinus lobes of tasty oak leaves and other hardwoods and make them disappear.
Yes, folks, are we ready for another bout of gypsy moths?
First, let's learn a little about these nasty insects. According to the Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences, "The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, was accidentally introduced into Massachusetts in l869. By 1902, this pest was widespread in the New England states, eastern New York and regions of New Jersey. The gypsy moth was first detected in Luzerne and Lackawanna counties in northeastern Pennsylvania in l932. Pennsylvania's infestation progressed south and westward, following the mountain ridges. During the late 1970s and early l980s the leading edge of the infestation advanced into Centre, Blair, Huntingdon and Clearfield counties. Heavy defoliation and subsequent tree mortality has occurred along mountain ridges in forests comprised primarily of oak. It is the most important insect pest of forest and shade trees in the eastern United States."
Gypsy moth caterpillars consume the leaves of deciduous tree species, most preferably oak and maples. During heavy infestations, I have seen them devour the leaves of practically every type of tree. This is one of the reasons why several Pocono communities with large tracts of forested land are concerned about another outbreak of gypsy moth caterpillars, such as what we experienced a few years ago.
The last outbreak occurred during a four-year period, 2006 to 2009. The devastation of Pocono forests was evident: tall, standing dead trees, mostly oak species. Many trees can withstand a season of defoliation from gypsy moths, but consecutive years of stressful infestation usually kills the tree.
No one wants to see that happen again, but can we see into the future?
One of the telltale signs of worse things to come is the amount of gypsy moth egg masses laid on the trunks of trees. A good way to analyze the intensity of gypsy moth caterpillars' destruction in your forest is to conduct an egg mass count per acre. The eggs masses are light tan, about 1.5 inches in length and may contain 400 to 600 eggs.
So, how many egg masses should cause concern?
Tim Marasco, field operation supervisor of the Forest Pest Management Division of the Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry, explained: "We have learned that a density of at least 250 egg masses per acre is reason to be concerned for residential communities. Noticeable hardwood leaf defoliation and nuisance conditions are usually expected. Furthermore, when egg mass densities reach 500 per acre, the result may be problematic, and proactive measures are recommended, such as aerial spraying."
How many gypsy moth egg masses are in forested areas throughout northeastern Pennsylvania? Most likely an impossible question to answer, but is there really a concern of another gypsy moth outbreak?
I asked John Maza, Wayne and Lackawanna counties district service forester for the Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry:
"Our trained forest technicians conducted gypsy moth egg mass counts on state forest lands throughout the northeast and found relatively low numbers of egg masses per acre," said Maza. "However, there could be outbreaks in isolated pockets of forests."
Marasco and Maza report that the highest densities of gypsy moth egg masses deposited this past fall are in public lands in central and northwestern Pennsylvania. The Bureau of Forestry anticipates aerial-spraying nearly 43,000 acres to combat gypsy moth caterpillars.
That's a lot of acres to treat with pesticides. What is being sprayed, when is the best time to spray, and are there environmentally safer alternatives?
Marasco explained, "The Bureau of Forestry uses an insecticide called Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, otherwise known as BTK, a biological insecticide. Typically used as an aerial application, BTK must be sprayed when young caterpillars are in the feeding stage. It is ineffective on egg masses and non-feeding adults."
Literature provided by Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences lists a number of natural controls, safe non-chemical biological control methods and topical insecticides. Several natural controls include native predators and parasitoids — flies and wasps that attack gypsy moths and caterpillars. Extreme cold weather, when air temperatures reach -20 degrees F or colder during the winter, will kill exposed egg masses.
There is a naturally occurring virus called the "wilt," which can result in massive mortality of caterpillars. Although the virus is always present, it seldom affects the larval stage until they are under stress from overcrowding or reduced food availability.
Another natural control: The fungal insect pathogen, Entomophaga maimaiga, is found during wet spring weather, which causes collapse of heavy infestations of this pest in many areas of Pennsylvania.
Non-chemical controls include wrapping burlap around tree trunks to capture gypsy moth caterpillars as they return back up on tree trunks to their evening retreat. Another alternative: placing traps baited with a synthetic pheromone that attracts males.
Knowledge is a powerful weapon, so use as many weapons as possible to learn more about gypsy moths. Resources include your county Conservation District Office, the state Bureau of Forestry or Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences. These agencies can also provide a list of professional services and consultants which might help and guide you in reaching your forest management objectives.
However, as Marasco informed me, "By counting the amount of gypsy moth egg masses during the fall and winter months, we can predict the possibility of gypsy moth outbreaks. If you discover gypsy moth caterpillars in your forest, it's too late. The time is now to find the problem before it happens."
Contact Rick Koval at firstname.lastname@example.com or write to him at PO Box 454, Dallas, PA 18612.


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NBFSA needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 60 designs submitted by 27 freelance designers.
NBFSA is an administration company. Our current website is http://nbfsa.com. NBFSA, LLC specializes in the development of customized administrative solutions.
We work with our clients to determine their specific needs and create solutions that are tailored especially for them. NBFSA is an expert in the eligibility management and list bill process for over 3,000 different programs.
Our administrative services include product development, new policyholder/group/coverage classification underwriting case management, insurance policy & certificate drafting and maintenance, managing the review and approval of policyholder marketing material, eligibility management, premium list bill invoicing, customer billing (ACH, credit card & direct bill), customer enrollment (electronic, phone and paper), fulfillment (electronic and paper), customer service and customer claims administration, agent registration, premium and commissions accounting, and reporting.
Our target markets are:
-Financial Institutions
-Employer Groups
-Insurance Companies
-Insurance Agents and Agencies
-Marketing Companies
We are looking to rebrand NBFSA. We would like to begin this process with a new logo. We are looking for a logo with fresh colors and energy. We would like the image to be contemporary but not something that will be out-dated in a few years. We want to portray that we are creative, innovative, professional, and fun. We would like the logo to be reversible as well. I have attached our current logo, but we would like to have a completely new logo designed.
Please let me know if you have any questions or need more information.
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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3:30 pm
WordGirl "Book Ends/Mr. Big" BOOK ENDS: When WordGirl accuses Tobey of being too predictable with his crimes, he responds by using his robots to hold WG's beloved town library hostage, unless she plays them in a game of winner-take-all dodge ball. Mr. BIG: Mr. Big, a slick business man up to no good, introduces his new product: "The Thing" that does "stuff". WordGirl must figure out his secret motive and save the city. D
4:00 pm
Wild Kratts "A Bat in the Brownies" When a little brown bat crashlands into a plate of Jimmy Z's famous brownies, Martin and Chris out set out to convince Aviva, Jimmy Z and Koki that bats are nothing to be afraid of. With bat activated Creature Power Suits, the bros follow join their new friend on a nocturnal fly about, and the entire crew must come to the rescue when the bat colony's roost is destroyed by a lightning bolt. In the end the Wild Kratts crew "goes batty," as they gain a new appreciation for bat ecology, predators and insects and echolocation, and learn to love bats. D
4:30 pm
Cyberchase "A Time to Cook" Hacker finds the part he needs to fix his Magnetic Magnotube - a machine that would disable Motherboard forever - in a most unlikely place. All he has to do to get it is win a cooking contest on the hit cyberspace TV show, THE FEARLESS CHEF. Hacker's plan? To kidnap his competition. D
5:00 pm
Fetch! With Ruff Ruffman "Shrimp A La Cart" Ruff thinks his "Crustationery" is a great idea. Customers will write letters on crustaceans, which will then be delivered across the Atlantic Ocean by racecar. The service will be a huge success. D
5:30 pm
Nightly Business Report A key democrat talks about medicare cuts that could be part of a fiscal cliff deal. NBR's Darren Gersh speaks with Maryland Congressman Chris van Hollen. FedEx predicts today will be its busiest shipping day ever-- over 19 million packages. D
5:56 pm
NewsHour Promo NULL
6:00 pm
PBS NewsHour NULL
7:00 pm
Antiques Roadshow "Orlando, FL - Hour One" At the Orange County Convention Center, appraisers find a photo signed by the entire cast of "Bonanza" and a collection of drypoints by James McNeill Whistler, worth nearly $200,000. Part 1 of 3G
8:00 pm
Market Warriors "Antiquing In Pasadena, CA" The experts take the field at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California, for its monthly flea market. They are looking for Native American wares and other treasures.G
9:00 pm
Globe Trekker "Globe Trekker Special: The Making of Globe Trekker" Cameras turn on a GLOBE TREKKER crew on the road to capture how the series is filmed.G
10:00 pm
Independent Lens "Garbage Dreams" Three teenage boys, born into the trash trade, grow up in the world's largest garbage village on the outskirts of Cairo. When their community is suddenly faced with the globalization of its trade, each boy is forced to make choices that will impact his future and the survival of his community.G
11:00 pm
Charlie Rose NULL


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Sensory overload aptly sums up our fabulous long weekend on stunning Lake Wanaka aboard the houseboat MV Lady Pembroke.
The lakeside trees are at the height of their golden late-autumn glory when our family vehicle draws up at the Wanaka marina where Graham Tompkins, the builder of the four-berth luxury houseboat, and its present manager Russell Allan, who works for the UK-based owners, are waiting on the vessel's gangway.
My wife and I, and our four children, have been eagerly anticipating this adventure for several months, so only take a few minutes to relocate the boot-load of bags, food and oddments to the catamaran.
What first strikes me during the familiarisation tour is the size of the 16m by 7msteel-hulled houseboat.
That, and the comparative smallness of the two shiny chrome levers with which I am supposed to steer and propel the whole 22-tonne kit and caboodle.
Russell assures me a current driver's licence is all that is required, and it seems like no time at all before the demonstration and test drive are over, Graham and Russell have disembarked, and I am doing it for real.
There is a coarse colloquialism which I discourage my children from using.
"... ," I think as I try to get comfortable with how the two 60hp high-thrust Mercury outboard motors respond to the throttle levers.
" ... , ... ," I think several more times, body tense and eyes on stalks, as the split-screen radar depth finder and GPS map gleefully record the trail left by our somewhat wonky progress up the lake.
Navigational aids include a shoulder-height cardboard-backed map marked with felt-pen crosses pinpointing safe havens.
We hope to reach Mou Waho (also known as Harwich or Pigeon Island), but as the late sun threatens to disappear behind Mt Aspiring we chose to divert to the closer mooring of Fisherman's Bay at the north end of the peninsula.
The beauty of Lake Wanaka and the grandeur of its surrounding geography does not touch me until the next morning.
When it does, it shakes me hard.
Lady Pembroke has four bedrooms in addition to an open living, kitchen, dining area, a bathroom and toilet.
I wake to the sound of our two youngest boys setting up a game in the lounge, so sneak from bed to check they are warm.
My noble parental intentions, however, are hijacked by the scene beyond the boat's windows.
Instead, I snatch my camera and step outside.
Our cove is still steeped in the black and steel grey of pre-dawn, but across the lake the unseen sun stretches peach-coloured fingers along the tops of the barren mountain range.Read more at http://www.odt.co.nz/lifestyle/travel/118976/lazy-days-room-view
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Doctor Who Logo Boxer Briefs 2-pack
Bigger on the Inside
- 2 pairs of Doctor Who boxer briefs
- Practical & comfortable
- Officially-licensed Doctor Who underwear
Huhhuh. What? You knew we had to go there. It's not like your brain hadn't already gone there anyhow. We're just willing to admit to it.
Underwear. Generally not the most-sought-after gift. When we were little, grandmas sent briefs featuring characters she'd seen on the television set. When we got a little older, men gifted lingerie, which can be summed up as impractical and uncomfortable lace things which are technically a gift from the giver to himself.
These boxer briefs, on the other hand, are everything your previous experiences with gift underwear were not: practical, comfortable, and featuring characters from the television in non-embarrassing ways. Get them as a gift for someone else. Get them as a gift for yourself. We won't tell.
Product Specifications
- 2 Pairs of Doctor Who Boxer Briefs
- Red waistband, black fabric, left leg reads "Trust me I'm the Doctor" in white ink under a Union-Jack-colored TARDIS
- Black waistband, black fabric with DW logo all-over
- Officially-licensed Doctor Who underwear
- Materials: 95% cotton / 5% spandex
- Elasticized waist for comfort
- Wash before wearing. Machine wash cold with similar colors. Do not bleach. Tumble dry low. Do not iron.
- Made in China
Sizing Table
|28-30 in.
|32-34 in.
|36-38 in.
|40-42 in.
|44-46 in.


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I know, I know - what am I thinking about posting a recipe for summer fruit dessert in the middle of the Christmas season?? You see, I craved a fruity dessert the other day, and came across this recipe for a blackberry fluff in the October 2006 issue of the British food magazine Olive. Unfortunately, neither one of the two nearby grocery stores had frozen blackberries that day, so I had to settle for frozen Estonian raspberries instead. Not a bad choice, I think - they're still tart and sweet at the same time, plus I love the colour.
Note that the dessert has much more character when it's been given a few hours' rest in the fridge - you can taste the mascarpone again then. I didn't bother to sieve the fruit pulp, but please do, if you think the small seeds will bother you.
Raspberry and Mascarpone Fluff
Serves six to eight
300 g frozen raspberries
1 Tbsp sugar
250 g mascarpone, at room temperature
200 ml whipping cream (35% fat content)
1 tsp vanilla sugar or extract
Heat the berries (keeping a few aside for decorating) gently with the sugar for a couple of minutes or until they give off juice. Whizz in a food processor until smooth, then push through a fine sieve, if you want to get rid of the seeds. Cool.
Beat the mascarpone with a spoon until it is softened, then fold in the berry purée and the vanilla extract. Loosely whip the cream and fold it in.
Spoon into small dessert bowls, decorate with extra berries. Place in the fridge for a few hours before serving.


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Wedding Photographer Loughborough - Jake Hilder Photography
Get in touch with wedding photographer Jake Hilder. Don't forget to check out any 'Excellence Awards' at the bottom of this profile for even more inspirational images.
Click HERE To Join Our Facebook Group & Submit Your Images To Take Part In Our PURE Documentary Series & Photo Of The Day.
Check Out Our Latest Collection :


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New moms often wonder how to keep their babies warm without risking loose blankets in the crib. Our sleeping bags do just that. Zipped up over pajamas, they'll keep your favorite baby cozy and safe all night. And since we know what it's like to change a baby in the middle of the night, our sleeping bags zip from the bottom. Choose your favorite soft and cuddly sleeping bag, and see if you can do the midnight diaper change without waking the baby!
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Recipes from Oktoc Country Store
(The Kitchen Version)
1 lb. beef
2/3 lb. chicken (fat hens preferred)
2/3 lb. pork, should be cubed
1 lb. deer
1 qt. tomato pieces and juice
1 qt. butterbeans
1 qt. cream-style corn
1 qt. tomato catsup
1 qt. sliced okra
1/2 lb. rice
1/2 c. apple cider vinegar
2/3 lb. Irish potatoes, cubed
1/2 lb. onions, chopped
1 oz. Tabasco sauce
2 oz. Lea & Perrins Worcestershire sauce1 T. butter (unlessfat is provided by meat)
salt to taste
pepper to taste
hot water (much water evaporates in long time cooking and
it is necessary to add water all along)
Cut all meats except chickens into cubes no larger than 1
inch. Boil meats and chickens to cover until tender. Remove
from bones. Combine all meats with broth, add all other
ingredients and cook together very slowly for at least 10
hours, stirring to prevent scorching. Add water as needed
and cook until each vegetable has lost its identity. Long slow
cooking is essential for a desirable finished product. Taste
occasionally to see if additional seasoning is needed.
Yield: 3-5 gallons.
NOTE: Large black pots are ideal for cooking this stew. if
you want a quality product, use quality ingredients.
This recipe was developed by the trial and error method by
Allison (Preacher) White and some of his hunting buddies.
It is the established recipe for making Brunswick stew for
the Oktoc Country Store. The Country Store original recipe
makes about 220 gallons! This one has been reduced and
can be prepared in your kitchen.
8 oz. extra sharp cheese, grated
1/4 tsp. red pepper (cayenne)
1 1/2 c. sifted all-purpose fl our
1 stick butter
1/2 tsp. salt
1/4 tsp. baking powder
Mix cheese, butter, red pepper and salt. Sift together fl our and baking powder; add to cheese mixture, mixing well. Using star tube of cookie press, squeeze long rows onto a cookie sheet, then cut into three inch strips.


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Excerpted from The Best Recipes in the World by Mark Bittman Copyright © 2005 by Mark Bittman. Excerpted by permission of Clarkson Potter, a division of Random House, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Serving Size: 4
Preparation Time: 10 minutes


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Brushes 101
The best makeup brushes--those made of sable, goat, or white horse hair--can cost upwards of $100. But even if you're spending $20 on synthetic brushes, you want to buy the right ones and take proper care of them. But how do you know which ones do what? Or how to care for them so they last for years? We asked the man who's wielded brushes at shows from Prada to Victoria's Secret, Estee Lauder's Creative Makeup Director Tom Pecheux.
What's the difference between natural and synthetic-haired brushes?
"For me there are three types of brushes: the synthetic hair, the natural hair, and those that are both," Pecheux says. "The funny ones with synthetic on one side and natural on the other are too painful for me. But some have natural hair in the middle, surrounded by synthetic hair to protect the core, which is nice."
Is one kind better than the others?
Pecheux's been a makeup artist for over thirty years, rising to fashion fame alongside Mario Testino and Carine Roitfeld in the early '90s, and says synthetic brushes have already come a long way. While natural-hair brushes like Claudio Riaz's Instant Lid Blush ($95) and Tom Ford's Cheek Brush ($75) are more expensive, he says, "In the near future, the really, really good brushes will be made from synthetics."
How do you know which kind of brush to use with which makeup?
"Synthetic is best for everything with cream in it," Pecheux says, naming lipstick, foundation, and creamier blushes. "Natural hair is for everything powdery."
Do you clean brushes differently depending on what they're made from?
Pecheux cleanses everything the same way, with an all-natural soap, like Burt's Bees Soap Bark & Chamomile Cleansing Crème ($8) or La Roche Posay's Physiological Micellar Solution ($21), and warm water. "This is very personal, but I don't find brush cleaners to work; they're too aggressive," he says. Synthetic or mixed brushes are done after being washed, but natural brushes get an extra step: conditioner. After cleansing, Pecheux coats the brush head in whatever conditioner he finds in his hotel bathroom and lets it sit overnight before rinsing them out for super soft strands the next morning. The final step for all three types of brush is the drying process: "I stand each brush upright in a cup, pull the hair together to hold its shape, and let them air dry."
Is it ever better to use your fingers instead of a brush to apply makeup?
Makeup artists on set--whether at a fashion show or photo shoot--often wield an array of brushes and sponges. Brushes allow for precision, as well as more coverage in the case of foundation, while fingers lend a lighter hand. "If you want a perfect line or perfect coverage with a creamy product like lipstick, a brush is required," Pecheux says. "If you want a stain or something gentle, dab straight from the lipstick and blend with your fingers." Same goes for blush and foundation; needless to say, Pecheux favors brushes. Now that you know which ones you need and how to take care of them, you might, too.


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- Inside Athletics
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JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (July 27, 2013) – The East Tennessee State University Department of Intercollegiate Athletics held its first annual Carl Torbush/ETSU Football Coaching Clinic presented by Appalachian Orthopedic Associates on Saturday inside the Martha Culp Auditorium on the ETSU campus.
Roughly 100 coaches from across the region were in attendance to receive a full day of coaching instruction with the sessions being held from 9 a.m. until 4 p.m. The coaches were treated to a continental breakfast to start the day, as well as a special Fellowship of Christian Athletes luncheon, courtesy of the Chick-fil-A at the Crossings of Johnson City.
The morning session began with former North Carolina assistants Kenny Browning and Ron Case talking to the group about techniques and fundamentals of defensive line play and press man coverage. Current ETSU football consultant Phillip Fulmer wrapped up the morning session covering techniques and fundamentals of offensive line play as well as presenting a motivational speech.
Following the luncheon, former ETSU Buccaneer and current Maryville College head coach Mike Rader spoke to the group about the zone read, while University of the Cumberlands head coach John Bland talked about the shotgun option and iso option. From there, coach Torbush concluded the speaking sessions by going over take away circuits, tackling circuits and pursuit drills, and ending the clinic with a question-and-answer session.
The clinic was open to coaches at all age and skill levels from youth leagues to high school, and the proceeds benefitted the ETSU Kickoff Fund.
ETSU fans wanting to receive Buccaneer news, score updates, in-game promotions and much more sent to their mobile device can do so by signing up for "Buc Updates." Click here to sign up today!
For more information on Buccaneer football, visit ETSUBucs.com and click on the football page.


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Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life threatening drug reaction that causes the body to have too much serotonin, a chemical produced by nerve cells.
Alternative Names
Hyperserotonemia; Serotonergic syndrome
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Serotonin syndrome most often occurs when two drugs that affect the body's level of serotonin are taken together at the same time. The drugs cause too much serotonin to be released or to remain in the brain area.
For example, you can develop this syndrome if you take migraine medicines called triptans together with antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and selective serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSNRIs). Popular SSRI's include Celexa, Zoloft, Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, and Lexapro. SNRI's include Cymbalta and Effexor. Brand names of triptans include Imitrex, Zomig, Frova, Maxalt, Axert, Amerge, and Relpax.
The FDA recently asked the manufacturers of these types of drugs to include warning labels on their products that tell you about the potential risk of serotonin syndrome. Talk to your doctor before stopping any medication.
Serotonin syndrome is more likely to occur when you first start or increase the medicine.
Older antidepressants called monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can also cause serotonin syndrome with the medicines describe above, as well as meperidine (Demerol, a painkiller) or dextromethorphan (cough medicine).
Drugs of abuse, such as ecstasy and LSD have also been associated with serotonin syndrome.
Symptoms occur within minutes to hours, and may include:
- Agitation or restlessness
- Diarrhea
- Fast heart beat and high blood pressure
- Hallucinations
- Increased body temperature
- Loss of coordination
- Nausea
- Overactive reflexes
- Rapid changes in blood pressure
- Vomiting
Signs and tests
The diagnosis is usually made by asking questions about your medical history, including the types of drugs you take.
To be diagnosed with serotonin syndrome, you must have been taking a drug that changes the body's serotonin levels (serotonergic drug) and have at least three of the following signs or symptoms:
- Diarrhea
- Heavy sweating not due to activity
- Fever
- Mental status changes such as
confusionor hypomania
- Muscle spasms (myoclonus)
- Overactive reflexes (
- Shivering
- Tremor
- Uncoordinated movements (ataxia)
Serotonin syndrome is not diagnosed until all other possible causes have been ruled out, including infections, intoxications, metabolic and hormone problems, and drug withdrawal. Some symptoms of serotonin syndrome can mimic those due to an overdose of cocaine, lithium, or an MAOI.
If you have just start taking or increased the dosage of a tranquilizer (neuroleptic drug), other conditions such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome will be considered.
Tests may include:
- Blood cultures (to check for infection)
Complete blood count(CBC)
Drug (toxicology) screen Electrolyte levels
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Kidney and liver function tests
Thyroid function tests
Patients with serotonin syndrome should stay in the hospital for at least 24 hours for close observation.
Treatment may include:
Benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) to decrease agitation, seizure-like movements, and muscle stiffness
- Cyproheptadine (Periactin), a drug that blocks serotonin production
- Fluids by IV
- Withdrawal of medicines that caused the syndrome
In life-threatening cases, medicines that keep your muscles still (paralyze them) and a temporary breathing tube and breathing machine will be needed to prevent further muscle damage.
Expectations (prognosis)
Patients may get slowly worse and can become severely ill if not quickly treated. Untreated serotonin syndrome can be deadly. However, with treatment, symptoms can usually go away in less than 24 hours.
Uncontrolled muscle spasms can cause severe muscle breakdown. The products produced when the muscles break down are released into your blood and eventually go through the kidneys. This can cause severe kidney damage if not recognized and treated appropriately. With appropriate treatment, the condition is reversible.
Calling your health care provider
Call your health care provider right away if you have symptoms of serotonin syndrome.
Always tell all of your healthcare providers what medicines you take. Patients who take triptans with SSRIs or SNRIs should be closely followed, especially right after starting a medicine or increasing its dosage.


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Deadline.com - June 7, 2012 EXCLUSIVE: Studios are relying heavily on sequels this summer, but the toughest thing to do is to introduce something new that launches a franchise. It looks like Universal has done that with Snow White And The Huntsman. I'm told that the studio is making all the moves that indicate another chapter is in the offing, and on a fast track.
Universal commenced David Koepp to write the sequel script, which Deadline revealed in late April might happen. The studio is now talking with director Rupert Sanders about a return, after he made his feature directing debut on the first installment. Sanders is interested; he had a great time making the first movie. But unlike most first time directors, he doesn't have to come back. That's because Snow White And The Huntsman was sold in an auction by CAA that included a presentation by Sanders of how he was going to shoot the film. Sanders was part of the package, as was producer Joe Roth, and that gave the agency leverage to make a much better deal than a first timer usually gets. The filmmaker is in demand now, but he hasn't chosen his next film and a sequel might well be it. I understand that the actors in the film have options for two sequels, so that part of the equation shouldn't be too difficult.
While there were plenty of potshots taken by journalists at Universal and its executives in expectation that Snow White and the Huntsman would suffer the same under-performing fate as Battleship, the film way outperformed its advance tracking for a $56 million opening weekend. It has continued to play during the week and has done $118 million worldwide . It still needs to perform in the next few grueling weeks, considering the film's costs pegged at a reported $170 million, but there is an opportunity here to make a better film with the sequel. The first film got rushed when Relativity Media hired Julia Roberts and pressed ahead with Mirror Mirror. Relativity burned its bridges with Universal to rush out a film that wasn't worth it, and Universal also hurried its film. Paying Koepp his fat fee (his franchise scripts include Spider-Man, Jurassic Park and Mission: Impossible) indicates the studio will try to make the most of that opportunity, particularly with no reason to rush this time.
Collider - June 7thWhile Rupert Sanders' Snow White and the Huntsman continues to battle for more box office earnings, Universal is already moving forward with the sequel. With the "origin" story in the Snow White franchise thus set up, it only goes to follow that the next chapter will be fast-tracked. Universal has set David Koepp (Spider-Man) to write the script. Hopefully, the sequel will have a more cohesive storyline, better dialogue and provide a payoff to its promises, something we discussed at length on last week's podcast. Sanders may or may not be back, but stars Kristen Stewart and Chris Hemsworth are optioned for two more films.
Deadline reports that Universal is anxious to move forward with the Snow White and the Huntsman follow up. The current iteration was a film we were all looking forward to seeing, but ended up being disappointed to varying degrees. Partly to blame was Relativity Media's push of their own take on Snow White, Mirror Mirror. Then, having a debut director who cut his teeth in commercials didn't help, although I was impressed by the array of visual displays at work in the film. What killed this picture were the three disparate storylines: an epic rebellion, a fantasy romance and a coming of age tale; none of the three came together in a unifying way that paid off in the end. That's unfortunate because I think we all agreed that there was a decent story in there somewhere; it could have been afforded more time to develop. There is an opportunity to do that with a sequel…but is a sequel necessary? In my opinion, no; there's not much story left to tell and not much reason to find one. And for all of Koepp's hits (Mission: Impossible, Jurassic Park, Spider-Man), his more recent misses (War of the Worlds, Zathura: A Space Adventure, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull) give me reason to pass.
MTV When MTV News sat down with Sanders last month to discuss the film, he revealed his initial ideas for the sequel, saying Snow White's newfound supremacy may lead to her downfall.
"I think the corruption of power would be the second one. I think we've created this very chaste girl who's got to this position and now she's in this position of supreme power," he said. "We wanted to be contemporary with the theme here and I think in the next film we'll do the same. There's so many examples of people corrupted by power. When we were talking about it, myself and [producer] Joe Roth, there were so many things happening in the newspapers of these very powerful men abusing that power in hotels and sports locker rooms. People who get powerful sometimes lose their bearings and abuse that power and that's kind of an intoxicating theme."
While the story line certainly sounds interesting, when we spoke to Stewart at the 2012 MTV Movie Awards, she seemed skeptical.
"Well, I'm not saying anything. Nothing at all," she laughed. "Let's undermine our entire lead character in the very second [film]. It's like, 'No, that's my whole [thing].' It would be so weird to [make her darker]. It would break me, which would probably be interesting to watch."
"But then we have to rebuild you, which is exciting," co-star Hemsworth added.
The actress, however, has nothing to fear yet. While Sanders is attracted to this character arc for the fairy-tale princess, he's not positive that we'll see her go rogue in the sequel.
"I'm not sure whether that's what the second film will be," he said. "But I like that idea at the moment. You['ve] got to play with it a bit."
Universal Moves Forward with SWATH Sequel
Posted by RobStenation at 11:05 PM
Labels: SWATH Promo


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Arrested Houston pastor accused in $200K theft of church donations
The former associate pastor of a Houston-area church has been accused of stealing more than $200,000 from his congregation, according to Harris County court documents.
Russell Thompson Jr., 55, had been with the City of Refuge Presbyterian Church, located in the 3100 block of Yellowstone near Old Spanish Trail. He resides in Pearland.
Thompson was indicted March 13 and arrested early last week, charged with theft. He is currently free on $30,000 bond and his next court date is April 14, according to court records.
Thompson allegedly opened a bank account in the church's name and took checks addressed to the church from church members and deposited them into that secret bank account. The thefts occured from March 2011 until January 2013, according to court documents.
According to KRIV-TV, Thompson has admitted to the theft to his lawyer and is asking for forgiveness from the congregation.
His lawyer, Tyrone Moncriffe, could not be reached for comment.
Church officials directed all calls for comment to their attorney Dwaine Massey, who could not be reached on Tuesday afternoon.


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This is not an offer for credit and should be used for estimation purposes only based on the information you provided. You should not base your decision on this estimate alone. Title, registration, tax and other fees, and personal circumstances such as employment status and personal credit history, were not considered in the calculations.
The Ranger® 570 is the most powerful utility side-by-side for under $10,000, delivering all the hardest working, smoothest riding performance you expect from a Ranger. With best-in-class power, towing, and payload capacity to go with refined comfort to work all day, you'll have everything you need to tackle the tough jobs.
Front / Rear - 4-wheel hydraulic disc
Parking - Park In-Transmission
Front - 25 x 8-12; 489
Rear - 25 x 10-12; 489
Front - MacPherson strut; 9 in. (22.9 cm) travel
Rear - Dual A-arm, IRS; 10 in. (25.4 cm) travel
Sage Green
Polaris Pursuit Camo
Warning: The Polaris RANGER® can be hazardous to operate and is not intended for on-road use. Driver must be at least 16 years old with a valid driver's license to operate. Passengers must be at least 12 years old. Drivers and passengers should always wear helmets, eye protection, and seat belts. Always use cab nets or doors (as equipped). Never engage in stunt driving, and avoid excessive speeds and sharp turns. Riding and alcohol / drugs don't mix. All drivers should take a safety training course. Call 800-342-3764 for additional information. Check local laws before riding on trails. ©2018 Polaris Industries Inc.
*Price, if shown, is Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) and does not include government fees, taxes, dealer freight/preparation, dealer document preparation charges or any finance charges (if applicable). MSRP and/or final actual sales price will vary depending on options or accessories selected.
NOTE: Models with a price of "Request a Quote" are always included in a $0 search, regardless of actual value.