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Revision 220.127.116.11 (vendor branch), Fri Mar 5 14:23:50 2004 UTC (14 years, 11 months ago) by tron
Import of XFree86 4.4.0.
Release Notes for XFree86[tm] 4.4.0 The XFree86 Project, Inc 29 February 2004 Abstract This document contains information about features and their status in XFree86 4.4.0. 1. Introduction to the 4.x Release Series XFree86 4.0 was the first official release of the new XFree86 4 series. The current release (4.4.0) is the latest in that series. XFree86 4 represents a significant redesign of the XFree86 X server. Not all of the hardware drivers from 3.3.x have been ported to 4.x yet, but conversely, 4.x has sup- port for a lot of hardware that is not supported in 3.3.x. Our Driver Status document summarizes how the hardware driver support compares between 3.3.6 and 4.4.0. XFree86 4.4 introduces an automatic configuration mechanism for the XFree86 server which makes it now possible to start XFree86 without first creating a configuration file. The initial automatic configuration support is targeted towards Linux and FreeBSD and it is hoped that automatic configuration will be supported on other platforms in future releases. If you are running either Linux or FreeBSD, try it out if you do not already have a working XF86Config file. If you want to customise things afterwards, you can cut and paste the automatically generated configuration from the /var/log/XFree86.0.log file into an XF86Config file and make your customisa- tions there. If you do not have any luck with automatic configuration, or you are using a platform that is not currently supported, try one of the older methods for getting started. XFree86 comes with a graphical configuration tool called "xf86cfg", which also has a text mode interface and can be used to create an initial configu- ration file. It can also be used to customise existing configurations. Next in the order of configuration preferences is to use the XFree86 server's ability to create a starting configuration file. Run as root: XFree86 -configure and follow the instructions. Finally, if all else fails, the trusty old standby text-based tool "xf86con- fig" can also be used for generating X server config files. At least one, and hopefully, all of these configuration options will give you a reasonable starting point for a suitable configuration file. With the automatic mechanism you might even find that you don't need one! If you do need to customise the configuration file, see the XF86Config manual page. You can also check the driver-specific manual pages and the related documentation (found at tables below (section 3., page 1) also. Before downloading the binary distributions for this release, please have a quick read through the Installation Document. It may save you some time and also help you figure out which of the binary releases you need. The next section describes what is new in the latest version (4.4.0) compared with the previous full release (4.3.0). The other sections below describe some of the new features and changes between 3.3.x and 4.0. There are lot's of new features, and we definitely don't have enough space to cover them all here. 2. Summary of new features in 4.4.0. This is a sampling of the new features in XFree86 4.4.0. A more complete list of changes can be found in the CHANGELOG that is part of the XFree86 source tree. It can also be viewed online at our CVSweb server <URL:http://cvsweb.xfree86.org/cvsweb/xc/pro- grams/Xserver/hw/xfree86/CHANGELOG?rev=HEAD>. 2.1 Video Driver Enhancements o Several stability issues with the support for the Intel 830M, 845G, 852GM, 855GM and 865G integrated graphics chipsets have been fixed. Some limitations related to the driver's use of the video BIOS remain, especially for some laptops. o The nv driver for NVIDIA cards has been updated as follows: o Support added to the nv driver for the GeForce FX 5700, which didn't work with XFree86 4.3. o The driver now does a much better job of auto-detecting which con- nector of dual output cards the monitor is attached to, and this should reduce or eliminate the need for manual XF86Config over- rides. o The 2D acceleration for TNT and GeForce has been completely rewrit- ten and its performance should be substantially improved. o TNT and GeForce cards have a new Xv PutImage adaptor which does scaled YUV bit blits. o The SiS driver has seen major updates, including: o Support for 661/741/760 and support for 330 (Xabre). o Merged Framebuffer mode. o Support for DVI, and much more. o DRI for 300 series (300/305, 540, 630, 730) is supported again. o A new driver for several VIA integrated graphics chipsets has been added. o Various updates and bug fixes have been made to most other drivers. 2.2 Input Driver Enhancements o The mouse driver has some support on Linux and FreeBSD for auto-detect- ing which device node to use. This makes it unnecessary to supply this information in the XF86Config file in most cases. 2.3 IPv6 support XFree86 4.4 supports IPv6, based on the code contributed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. to X.Org. See X.org's document <URL:http://www.x.org/IPV6_Spe- cific_Changes.html> for a detailed list of what these changes are and how your system is affected by them. 2.3.1 Protocol names and aliases. o tcp is an alias for both IPv6 and IPv4 transports. o inet specifies IPv4 only. o inet6 specifies IPv6 only. You can force the X server to only listen to IPv4 connections with the X -nolisten inet6 command or you can force a IPv6 connection by setting DIS- PLAY to inet6/host:0. 2.3.2 XDM The IPv6 XDMCP code is not enabled by default on platforms that don't support binding a IPv6 socket to a IPv4 address. The XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1 authentication scheme does not support IPv6 addresses but a new release of the protocol, XDM-AUTHORIZATION-2 has been designed; this though is yet to be implemented. By default XFree86 builds do not enable the XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1 code. 2.4 X Server and Extension Updates o The Mesa version used for OpenGL1.3 and DRI driver support has been updated to 5.0.2. 2.5 Client and Library Updates 2.5.1 Xterm The user-visible changes to xterm since XFree86 4.3 are: Bug Fixes: o Make signalInhibit resource work, i.e., disable the menu entries that would send signals to, or exit xterm. o Make cursor definition in tek4014 emulation work as originally imple- mented. o Modify translations for scrollbar so that one can use shifted pageup, wheel mouse, etc., while the mouse pointer is over the scrollbar. o Correct initialization of G1 character set mapping. New Features: o Modify the predictable version of the generated logfile name to append the process-id rather than a random value. o Modify scroll-back and scroll-forw actions to accept an adjustment value, e.g., scroll-back(1, page-2) to scroll back by 2 lines less than a page. o Add visualBellDelay resource to modify the length of time used for visual bell, for very slow displays or very fast computers. Improved Locale Support: o modify uxterm script to strip modifiers such as "@euro" from the locale setting before adding ".UTF-8". o Add logic to wide-character support which attempts to load fonts speci- fied by utf8Fonts subresources at startup. The subresources have the same names as the fonts which they replace, e.g., font, font1, etc., so that the ISO-10646-1 fonts can be specified in the XTerm app-defaults file. o Improved performance with chinput application. Improved Font Handling: o Document in xterm's manual page how to use XFree86 ":unscaled" keyword to suppress scaling of bold fonts. o Improved logic for deriving bold fontname from normal fontname. o Make double-width characters work with -u8 option. o Updated table of Unicode line-drawing characters. o Several fixes for rendering using Xft (option -fa): o Make height of TrueType fonts match ascent+descent. o Translate Unicode values (from UTF-8 output to xterm) for line- drawing to xterm's internal code, etc., since TrueType fonts gener- ally do not have either set of line-drawing glyphs. xterm can draw these directly. o Pass 16-bit values rather than 8-bit values to xtermXftDrawString() to allow for wide-characters. o Use built-in line-drawing characters for Xft fonts. o Implement underlining. o Implement boldMode for wide-characters. o Modified to work with CJK double-width (bi-width/monospace) fonts. Workarounds for Special Applications: o Add option -k8 and resource allowC1Printable to allow users of non-VTxxx character sets such as KOI-8 to treat the C1 control area (character codes 128-159) as printable rather than control characters. o Add configure option --enable-broken-st and resource brokenStringTerm to allow user to revert one part of the parsing table corrections. o Add configure option --enable-broken-osc and resource brokenLinuxOSC to accommodate scripts which do not distinguish between running in the Linux console and running in X. Linux console recognizes malformed con- trol strings which start with an OSC, but are fixed-length, with no ter- minator. o Add configure option --enable-pty-handshake to allow one to compile-in support for the pty handshaking logic, and resource ptyHandshake to enable or disable it. This feature is normally enabled. Modified Resources: o Change color4 to "dodger blue", since this provides better contrast. o Remove color resources from XTerm.ad, leaving them only in XTerm-col.ad o Modify UXTerm.ad resource file to include "XTerm-color" rather than "XTerm", in case the latter file contains no color resource definitions. o Changed class of veryBoldColors to VeryBoldColors, since ColorMode is associated with boolean resources. o Changed classes of colorBDMode and similar resources that override col- ors when a video attribute is set to ColorAttrMode, to make them dis- tinct from ColorMode. This avoids an unexpected rendering of reverse video, for example. Modified terminfo/termcap entries: o Add indp and rin to terminfo entry. o Add le to termcap xterm-basic entry. Though missing from older termcaps for xterm, some applications check for it. o Correct AF/AB strings in termcap for xterm-256color and xterm-88color entries. 2.6 I18N and Font Updates o FreeType2 updated to version 2.1.4. o The "freetype" X server font backend has been updated by the After X-TT Project <URL:http://x-tt.sourceforge.jp/> to include the functionality previously provided by the "xtt" backend, and to fix some bugs. The "xtt" backend will be dropped in the next release in favour of the updated unified "freetype" backend. o The new "freetype" backend has the improved "very lazy" metric cal- culation method which enables super-fast loading of proportional CJKV fonts. o All of the servers, including xfs, Xnest, Xprt, Xvfb, the Cygwin- XFree86 server (as well as the XFree86 server) can handle the per- fect TTCap options. o The Compose file processing mechanism has been improved and made more flexible. See the Xlib Compose file support and extensions section below (section 5.20, page 1). o The Bitstream Vera TrueType fonts that Bitstream, Inc donated to the GNOME Foundation have been included with this release. 2.7 OS Support Updates o On Mac OS X, the appropriate backend drawing code is now dynamically loaded at runtime which reduces the X server's memory footprint. In rootless mode, Apple's Xplugin library is used where available. (Xplu- gin is included as part of Mac OS X on Panther.) With Xplugin, XDarwin provides identical performance to Apple's X11, including the following improvements over 4.3: o Added direct GLX rendering with thread support. o Faster 2-D drawing. o Added support for the Apple-WM extension so XDarwin interoperates with quartz-wm. o On Darwin, IOKit mode now uses shadowfb for much faster drawing. o Various GNU/Hurd support updates. o Experimental support added for GNU/KFreeBSD and GNU/KNetBSD systems. o SCO OpenServer support updates. XFree86 4.4 now works on Release 5.0.7 with Maintenance Pack 1, or on prior releases through Release 5.0.4. Please consult the README.SCO file for details. 3. Drivers 3.1 Video Drivers XFree86 4.4.0 includes the following video drivers: +--------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------+ |Driver Name | Description | Further Information | +--------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------+ |apm | Alliance Pro Motion | README.apm | |ark | Ark Logic | | |ati | ATI | README.ati, README.r128, r128(4), radeon(4) | |chips | Chips & Technologies | README.chips, chips(4) | |cirrus | Cirrus Logic | | |cyrix (*) | Cyrix MediaGX | README.cyrix | |fbdev | Linux framebuffer device | fbdev(4) | |glide | Glide2x (3Dfx) | glide(4) | |glint | 3Dlabs, TI | glint(4) | |i128 | Number Nine | README.I128, i128(4) | |i740 | Intel i740 | README.i740 | |i810 | Intel i8xx | README.i810, i810(4) | |imstt | Integrated Micro Solns | | |mga | Matrox | mga(4) | |neomagic | NeoMagic | neomagic(4) | |newport (-) | SGI Newport | README.newport, newport(4) | |nsc | National Semiconductor | nsc(4) | |nv | NVIDIA | nv(4) | |rendition | Rendition | README.rendition, rendition(4) | |s3 | S3 (not ViRGE or Savage) | | |s3virge | S3 ViRGE | README.s3virge, s3virge(4) | |savage | S3 Savage | savage(4) | |siliconmotion | Silicon Motion | siliconmotion(4) | |sis | SiS | README.SiS, sis(4) | |sunbw2 (+) | Sun bw2 | | |suncg14 (+) | Sun cg14 | | |suncg3 (+) | Sun cg3 | | |suncg6 (+) | Sun GX and Turbo GX | | |sunffb (+) | Sun Creator/3D, Elite 3D | | |sunleo (+) | Sun Leo (ZX) | | |suntcx (+) | Sun TCX | | |tdfx | 3Dfx | tdfx(4) | |tga | DEC TGA | README.DECtga | |trident | Trident | trident(4) | |tseng | Tseng Labs | | |via | VIA | via(4) | |vesa | VESA | vesa(4) | |vga | Generic VGA | vga(4) | |vmware | VMWare guest OS | vmware(4) | +--------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------+ Drivers marked with (*) are present in a preliminary form in this release, but are not complete and/or stable yet. Drivers marked with (+) are for Linux/Sparc only. Drivers marked with (-) are for Linux/mips only. Darwin/Mac OS X uses IOKit drivers and does not use the module loader drivers listed above. Further information can be found in README.Darwin. XFree86 4.4.0 includes the following input drivers: 3.2 Input Drivers +------------+----------------------------------+---------------------+ |Driver Name | Description | Further Information | +------------+----------------------------------+---------------------+ |aiptek(*) | Aiptek USB tablet | aiptek(4) | |calcomp | Calcomp | | |citron | Citron | citron(4) | |digitaledge | DigitalEdge | | |dmc | DMC | dmc(4) | |dynapro | Dynapro | | |elographics | EloGraphics | | |fpit | Fujitsu Stylistic Tablet PCs | fpit(4) | |hyperpen | Aiptek HyperPen 6000 | | |js_x | JamStudio pentablet | js_x(4) | |kbd | generic keyboards (alternate) | kbd(4) | |keyboard | generic keyboards | keyboard(4) | |microtouch | MicroTouch | | |mouse | most mouse devices | mouse(4) | |mutouch | MicroTouch | | |palmax | Palmax PD1000/PD1100 | palmax(4) | |penmount | PenMount | | |spaceorb | SpaceOrb | | |summa | SummaGraphics | | |tek4957 | Tektronix 4957 tablet | tek4957(4) | |ur98(*) | Union Reality UR-F98 headtracker | ur98(4) | |void | dummy device | void(4) | |wacom | Wacom tablets | wacom(4) | +------------+----------------------------------+---------------------+ Drivers marked with (*) are available for Linux only. 4. Known Problems o Known issues with this version of the SiS driver: o The driver will not work with upcoming laptops/notebooks with 661/741/760 and 30xLV bridges as regards LCD output. This is due folks at SiS at the very moment writing an entirely new VBIOS for such machines whose data layout is not decided yet. (This might affect machines with 650/740 as well within the next year.) o Xv does not work correctly in TV NTSC 1024x768 mode, if the overlay is very large (or full screen). The effect are flickering lines on the screen. This is a hardware problem. Do not use this mode for video. o YPbPr 720p output is blurry (at least at 1024x768; unknown for other modes). This is a driver problem; solution currently unknown. o We have received a late report that enabling DPMS support with the radeon driver can damage some Viewsonic monitors. DPMS is usually dis- abled by default. You can verify whether or not DPMS is enabled by run- ning 'xset q' from within your X session. 5. Overview of XFree86 4.x. XFree86 4.x has a single X server binary called XFree86. This binary can either have one or more video and input drivers linked in statically, or more usually, dynamically, and in that manner load the video drivers, input drivers, and other modules that are needed. XFree86 4.4.0 has X server support for most UNIXand UNIX-like operating systems on Intel/x86 platforms, plus support for Linux and some BSD OSs on Alpha, PowerPC, IA-64, AMD64, Sparc, and Mips platforms, and for Darwin on PowerPC. Support for additional architectures and operating systems is in progress and is planned for future releases. 5.1 Loader and Modules The XFree86 X server has a built-in run-time loader, which can load normal object files and libraries in most of the commonly used formats. The loader does not rely on an operating system's native dynamic loader support and it works on platforms that do not provide this feature. This allows for the modules to be operating system independent (although not, of course, CPU architecture independent) which means that a module compiled on Linux/x86 can be loaded by an X server running on Solaris/x86, or FreeBSD, or even OS/2. A main benefit of this, is that when modules are updated, they do not need to be recompiled for every different operating system. The loader in version 4.4.0 has support for Intel (x86), Alpha and PowerPC platforms. It also has preliminary support for Sparc platforms. The X server makes use of modules for video drivers, X server extensions, font rasterisers, input device drivers, framebuffer layers (like mfb, cfb, etc), and internal components used by some drivers (like XAA), The module interfaces (both API and ABI) used in this release are subject to change without notice. While we will attempt to provide backward compatibil- ity for the module interfaces as of the 4.0 release (meaning that 4.0 modules will work with future core X server binaries), we cannot guarantee this. Compatibility in the other direction is explicitly not guaranteed because new modules may rely on interfaces added in new releases. Note about module security The XFree86 X server runs with root privileges, i.e. the X server loadable modules also run with these privileges. For this reason we recommend that all users be careful to only use loadable modules from reliable sources, otherwise the introduction of viruses and contaminated code can occur and wreak havoc on your system. We hope to have a mechanism for signing/verifying the modules that we provide available in a future release. 5.2 Configuration File The XFree86 server uses a configuration file as the primary mechanism for providing configuration and run-time parameters. The configuration file for- mat is described in detail in the XF86Config(5) manual page. The XFree86 server has support for automatically determining an initial con- figuration on most platforms, as well as support or generating a basic ini- tial configuration file. 5.3 Command Line Options Command line options can be used to override some default parameters and parameters provided in the configuration file. These command line options are described in the XFree86(1) manual page. 5.4 XAA The XFree86 Acceleration Architecture (XAA) was completely rewritten from scratch for XFree86 4.x. Most drivers implement acceleration by making use of the XAA module. 5.5 Multi-head Some multi-head configurations are supported in XFree86 4.x, primarily with multiple PCI/AGP cards. One of the main problems is with drivers not sufficiently initialising cards that were not initialised at boot time. This has been improved somewhat with the INT10 support that is used by most drivers (which allows secondary card to be "soft-booted", but in some cases there are other issues that still need to be resolved. Some combinations can be made to work better by changing which card is the primary card (either by using a different PCI slot, or by changing the system BIOS's preference for the primary card). 5.6 Xinerama Xinerama is an X server extension that allows multiple physical screens to behave as a single screen. With traditional multi-head in X11, windows can- not span or cross physical screens. Xinerama removes this limitation. Xin- erama does, however, require that the physical screens all have the same root depth, so it isn't possible, for example, to use an 8-bit screen together with a 16-bit screen in Xinerama mode. Xinerama is not enabled by default, and can be enabled with the +xinerama command line option for the X server. Xinerama was included with X11R6.4. The version included in XFree86 4.x was completely rewritten for improved performance and correctness. Known problems: o Most window managers are not Xinerama-aware, and so some operations like window placement and resizing might not behave in an ideal way. This is an issue that needs to be dealt with in the individual window managers, and isn't specifically an XFree86 problem. 5.7 DGA version 2 DGA 2.0 is included in 4.4.0. Documentation for the client libraries can be found in the XDGA(3) man page. A good degree of backwards compatibility with version 1.0 is provided. 5.8 DDC The VESADisplay Data Channel (DDC[tm]) standard allows the monitor to tell the video card (or on some cases the computer directly) about itself; partic- ularly the supported screen resolutions and refresh rates. Partial or complete DDC support is available in most of the video drivers. DDC is enabled by default, but can be disabled with a "Device" section entry: Option "NoDDC". We have support for DDC versions 1 and 2; these can be dis- abled independently with Option "NoDDC1" and Option "NoDDC2". At startup the server prints out DDC information from the display, and can use this information to set the default monitor parameters, or to warn about monitor sync limits if those provided in the configuration file don't match those that are detected. 5.8.1 Changed behavior caused by DDC. Several drivers uses DDC information to set the screen size and pitch. This can be overridden by explicitly resetting it to the and non-DDC default value 75 with the -dpi 75 command line option for the X server, or by specifying appropriate screen dimensions with the "DisplaySize" keyword in the "Monitor" section of the config file. 5.9 GLX and the Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI) Direct rendered OpenGLsupport is provided for several hardware platforms by the Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI). Further information about DRI can be found at the DRI Project's web site <URL:http://dri.sf.net/>. The 3D core rendering component is provided by Mesa <URL:http://www.mesa3d.org>. 5.10 XVideo Extension (Xv) The XVideo extension is supported in XFree86 4.x. An XvQueryPortAttributes function has been added as well as support for XvImages. XvImages are XIm- ages in alternate color spaces such as YUV and can be passed to the server through shared memory segments. This allows clients to display YUV data with high quality hardware scaling and filtering. 5.11 X Rendering Extension (Render) The X Rendering extension provides a 2D rendering model that more closely matches application demands and hardware capabilities. It provides a render- ing model derived from Plan 9 based on Porter/Duff image composition rather than binary raster operations. Using simple compositing operators provided by most hardware, Render can draw anti-aliased text and geometric objects as well as perform translucent image overlays and other image operations not possible with the core X rendering system. XFree86 4.4.0 provides a partial implementation of Render sufficient for drawing anti-aliased text and image composition. Still to be implemented are geometric primitives and affine transformation of images. Unlike the core protocol, Render provides no font support for applications, rather it allows applications to upload glyphs for display on the screen. This allows the client greater control over text rendering and complete access to the available font information while still providing hardware acceleration. The Xft library provides font access for Render applications. 5.11.1 The Xft Library On the client side, the Xft library provides access to fonts for applications using the FreeType library, version 2. FreeType currently supports Type1 and TrueType font files, a future release is expected to support BDF and PCF files as well, so Render applications will have access to the complete range of fonts available to core applications. One important thing to note is that Xft uses the vertical size of the monitor to compute accurate pixel sizes for provided point sizes; if your monitor doesn't provide accurate information via DDC, you may want to add that information to XF86Config. To allow a graceful transition for applications moving from core text render- ing to the Render extension, Xft can use either core fonts or FreeType and the Render extension for text. By default, Xft is configured to support both core fonts and FreeType fonts using the supplied version of FreeType 2. See the section on FreeType support in Xft for instructions on configuring XFree86 to use an existing FreeType installation. The Xft library uses a configuration file, XftConfig, which contains informa- tion about which directories contain font files and also provides a sophisti- cated font aliasing mechanism. Documentation for that file is included in the Xft(3) man page. 5.11.2 FreeType support in Xft XFree86 4.4.0 includes sources for FreeType version 2.1.4, and, by default, they are built and installed automatically. 5.11.3 Application Support For Anti-Aliased Text Only three applications have been modified in XFree86 4.4.0 to work with the Render extension and the Xft and FreeType libraries to provide anti-aliased text. Xterm, xditview and x11perf. Migration of other applications may occur in future releases. By default, xterm uses core fonts through the standard core API. It has a command line option and associated resource to direct it to use Xft instead: o -fa family / .VT100.faceName: family. Selects the font family to use. Xditview will use Xft instead of the core API by default. X11perf includes tests to measure the performance of text rendered in three ways, anti- aliased, anti-aliased with sub-pixel sampling and regular chunky text, but through the Render extension, a path which is currently somewhat slower than core text. 5.12 Other extensions The XFree86-Misc extension has not been fully ported to the new server archi- tecture yet. This should be completed in a future release. The XFree86-VidModeExtension extension has been updated, and mostly ported to the new server architecture. The area of mode validation needs further work, and the extension should be used with care. This extension has support for changing the gamma setting at run-time, for modes where this is possible. The xgamma utility makes use of this feature. Compatibility with the 3.3.x version of the extension is provided. The missing parts of this extension and some new features should be completed in a future release. 5.13 xedit Xedit has several new features, including: o An embedded lisp interpreter that allows easier extension of the editor. o Several new syntax highlight modes, and indentation rules for C and Lisp. o Flexible search/replace interface that allows regex matches. o Please refer to xedit(1) for more details. 5.14 Font support Details about the font support in XFree86 4.x can be found in the README.fonts document. 5.15 TrueType support XFree86 4.x comes with two TrueType backends, known as "FreeType" backend (the "freetype" module) and `X-TrueType' (the "xtt" module). Both of these backends are based on the FreeType library. The functionality of X-TrueType has been merged into the FreeType backend by the After X-TT Project for XFree86 4.4. Consequently, the old X-TrueType backend will be dropped as of XFree86 4.5. 5.16 CID font support Support for CID-keyed fonts is included in XFree86 4.x. The CID-keyed font format was designed by Adobe Systems <URL:http://www.adobe.com> for fonts with large character sets. The CID-keyed font support in XFree86 was donated by SGI <URL:http://www.sgi.com>. See the LICENSE document for a copy of the CID Font Code Public License. 5.17 Internationalisation of the scalable font backends XFree86 4.x has a ``fontenc'' layer to allow the scalable font backends to use a common method of font re-encoding. This re-encoding makes it possible to uses fonts in encodings other than their their native encoding. This layer is used by the Type1 and Speedo backends and the `xfsft' version of the TrueType backend. The `X-TrueType' version of the TrueType backend uses a different re-encoding method based on loadable encoding modules. 5.18 Large font optimisation The glyph metrics array, which all the X clients using a particular font have access to, is placed in shared memory, so as to reduce redundant memory con- sumption. For non-local clients, the glyph metrics array is transmitted in a compressed format. 5.19 Unicode/ISO 10646 support What is included in 4.x: o All ``-misc-fixed-*'' BDF fonts are now available in the ISO10646-1 encoding and cover at least the 614 characters found in ISO 8859-{1-5,7-10,14,15}, CP1252, and MES-1. The non-bold fonts also cover all Windows Glyph List 4 (WGL4) characters, including those found in all 8-bit MS-DOS/Windows code pages. The 8-bit variants of the ``-misc- fixed-*'' BDF fonts (ISO8859-1, ISO8859-2, KOI8-R, etc.) have all been automatically generated from the new ISO10646-1 master fonts. o Some ``-misc-fixed-*'' BDF ISO10646-1 fonts now cover a comprehensive Unicode repertoire of over 3000 characters including all Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Armenian, Gregorian, Hebrew, IPA, and APL characters, plus numerous scientific, typographic, technical, and backwards-compatibility symbols. Some of these fonts also cover Arabic, Ethiopian, Thai, Han/Kanji, Hangul, full ISO 8859, and more. For the 6x13 font there is now a 12x13ja Kanji extension and for the 9x18 font there is a 18x18ja Kanji/Han/Hangul extension, which covers all ISO-2022-JP-2 (RFC 1554) characters. The 9x18 font can also be used to implement simple combining characters by accent overstriking. For more information, read Markus Kuhn's UTF-8 and Unicode FAQ <URL:http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/uni- code.html>. o Mark Leisher's ClearlyU proportional font (similar to Computer Modern). o ISO 10646/Unicode UTF-8 Level 1 support added to xterm (enabled with the -u8 option). o Both the xfsft (the "freetype" module) and the X-TrueType (the "xtt" module) TrueType font backends support Unicode-encoded fonts. 5.20 Xlib Compose file support and extensions A more flexible Compose file processing system was added to Xlib in XFree86 4.4.0. The compose file is searched for in the following order: 1. If the environment variable $XCOMPOSEFILE is set, its value is used as the name of the Compose file. 2. If the user's home directory has a file named ".XCompose", it is used as the Compose file. 3. The old method is used, and the compose file is "<xlocaledir>/<locale- name>/Compose". Compose files can now use an "include" instruction. This allows local modi- fications to be made to existing compose files without including all of the content directly. For example, the system's iso8859-1 compose file can be included with a line like this: include "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/locale/iso8859-1/Compose" There are two substitutions that can be made in the file name of the include instruction. %H expands to the user's home directory (the $HOME environment variable), and %L expands to the name of the locale specific Compose file (i.e., "<xlocaledir>/<localename>/Compose"). For example, you can include in your compose file the default Compose file by using: include "%L" and then rewrite only the few rules that you need to change. New compose rules can be added, and previous ones replaced. Finally, it is no longer necessary to specify in the right part of a rule a locale encoded string in addition to the keysym name. If the string is omit- ted, Xlib figures it out from the keysym according to the current locale. I.e., if a rule looks like: <dead_grave> <A> : "\300" Agrave the result of the composition is always the letter with the "\300" code. But if the rule is: <dead_grave> <A> : Agrave the result depends on how Agrave is mapped in the current locale. 5.21 Luxi fonts from Bigelow and Holmes XFree86 now includes the ``Luxi'' family of Type 1 fonts and TrueType fonts. This family consists of the fonts ``Luxi Serif'', ``Luxi Sans'' and ``Luxi Mono'' in Roman, oblique, bold and bold oblique variants. The True- Type version have glyphs covering the basic ASCII Unicode range, the Latin 1 range, as well as the Extended Latin range and some additional punctuation characters. In particular, these fonts include all the glyphs needed for ISO 8859 parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 13 and 15, as well as all the glyphs in the Adobe Standard encoding and the Windows 3.1 character set. The glyph coverage of the Type 1 versions is somewhat reduced, and only cov- ers ISO 8859 parts 1, 2 and 15 as well as the Adobe Standard encoding. The Luxi fonts are original designs by Kris Holmes and Charles Bigelow from Bigelow and Holmes Inc., who developed the Luxi typeface designs in Ikarus digital format. URW++ Design and Development GmbH converted the Ikarus for- mat fonts to TrueType and Type 1 font programs and implemented the grid-fit- ting "hints" and kerning tables in the Luxi fonts. The license terms for the Luxi fonts are included in the file `COPYRIGHT.BH', as well as in the License document. For further information, please contact <email@example.com> or <email@example.com>, or consult the URW++ web site <URL:http://www.urwpp.de>. 6. Credits This section lists the credits for the XFree86 4.4.0 release. For a more detailed breakdown, refer to the CHANGELOG file in the XFree86 source tree, the cvs-commit archives <URL:http://www.mail-archive.com/cvs-com- email@example.com/maillist.html>, or the 'cvs log' information for individual source files. New Features, Enhancements and Updates: IPv6 support: Alan Coopersmith, Fabio Massimo Di Nitto, Marc Aurele La France, Matthieu Herrb, David H. Dawes. NVIDIA 'nv' driver rewrite: Mark Vojkovich. SiS driver development: Thomas Winischhofer. New VIA video driver: VIA, Alan Cox, Luc Verhaegen, Thomas Hellstr��. Intel 'i810' driver fixes and stability improvements: Egbert Eich, David H. Dawes, Christian Zietz Improved and more flexible Compose system: Ivan Pascal. Automatic configuration for the XFree86 server: David H. Dawes. Reworked FreeType font backend module: Chisato Yamauchi and the After X-TT Project. Xterm fixes, maintenance and enhancements: Thomas E. Dickey. Mac OS X enhancements: Torrey T. Lyons, John Harper. GNU/Hurd updates and preliminary GNU/KFreeBSD and GNU/KNetBSD support:" Robert Millan. SCO support updates: Kean Johnston. Bitstream Vera fonts: Bitstream, Inc, and the GNOME Foundation. Integration: General Integration of Submissions: Egbert Eich, David H. Dawes, Ivan Pascal, Alan Houri- hane, Matthieu Herrb. DRI Integration: Alan Hourihane. Release Engineering: David H. Dawes. Patches and other submissions (in alphabetical order): Roi a Torkilsheyggi, Dave Airlie, Andrew Aitchison, Marco Antonio Alvarez, Alexandr Andreev, Jack Angel, Eric Anholt, Ani, Juuso ��erg, Sergey Babkin, Alexey Baj, Bang Jun-Young, Uberto Barbini, Matthew W. S. Bell, Vano Beridze, Hiroyuki Bessho, Andrew Bevitt, Christian Biere, Martin Birgmeier, Jakub Bogusz, Le Hong Boi, Paul Bolle, Charl Botha, Stanislav Brabec, Eric Branlund, Rob Braun, Peter Breitenlohner, Michael Breuer, Kevin Brosius, Fred- erick Bruckman, Oswald Buddenhagen, Nilg�� Belma Bug��er, Julian Cable, Yukun Chen, Ping Cheng, Juliusz Chroboczek, Fred Clift, Alan Coopersmith, Martin Costabel, Alan Cox, Michel D��zer, David Dawes, Leif Delgass, Richard Dengler, John Dennis, Thomas Dickey, Randy Dunlap, Chris Edgington, Paul Eggert, Paul Elliott, Emmanuel, Visanu Euarchukiati, Mike Fabian, Rik Faith, Brian Feldman, Wu Jian Feng, Kevin P. Fleming, Jose Fonseca, Hugues Fournier, Miguel Freitas, Quentin Garnier, B��re Gaup, Michael Geddes, Frank Giessler, Hansruedi Glauser, Wolfram Gloger, Alexander Gottwald, Guido Guenther, Ralf Habacker, Bruno Haible, Lindsay Haigh, John Harper, James Harris, Mike A. Harris, Bryan W. Headley, John Heasley, Thomas Hellstr��, Matthieu Herrb, Jonathan Hough, Alan Hourihane, Joel Ray Holveck, Harold L Hunt II, Ricardo Y. Igarashi, Mutsumi ISHIKAWA , Tsuyoshi ITO, Kean Johnston, Nicolas JOLY, Phil Jones, Roman Kagan, Theppitak Karoonboonyanan, Etsushi Kato, Koike Kazuhiko, Aidan Kehoe, Juer- gen Keil, Andreas Kies, Thomas Klausner, Mario Klebsch, Egmont Koblinger, Vlatko Kosturjak, Kusanagi Kouichi, Mel Kravitz, Peter Kunzmann, Nick Kurshev, Mashrab Kuvatov, Marc La France, Radics Laszlo, Zarick Lau, Nolan Leake, Michel Lespinasse, Noah Levitt, Dave Love, H.J. Lu, Lubos Lunak, Sven Luther, Torrey T. Lyons, Calum Mackay, Paul Mackerras, Roland Mainz, Kevin Martin, Michal Maruska, Kensuke Matsuzaki, maxim, Stephen McCamant, Ferris McCormick, Luke Mewburn, Nicholas Miell, Robert Millan, Hisashi MIYASHITA, Gregory Mokhin, Patrik Montgomery, Joe Moss, Josselin Mouette, Frank Murphy, Reiko Nakajima, Paul Nasrat, Dan Nelson, Bastien Nocera, Alexandre Oliva, Hideki ONO, Peter Osterlund, Sergey V. Oudaltsov, S��mus Ciardhu��n, Bob Paauwe, Paul Pacheco, Tom Pala, Ivan Pascal, T. M. Pederson, Earle F. Phil- hower III, Nils Philippsen, Manfred Pohler, Alexander Pohoyda, Alain Poirier, Arnaud Quette, Jim Radford, Dale Rahn, Lucas Cor- reia Villa Real, RenRebe, Tyler Retzlaff, Sebastian Rittau, Tim Roberts, Alastair M. Robinson, Branden Robinson, Daniel Rock, Ian Romanick, Bernhard Rosenkraenzer, M��s Rullg��d, Andriy Rysin, Supphachoke Santiwichaya, Pablo Saratxaga, Matthias Scheler, Jens Schweikhardt, Danilo Segan, Shantonu Sen, Stas Sergeev, Jungshik Shin, Nikola Smolenski, Andreas Stenglein, Paul Stewart, Alexan- der Stohr, Alan Strohm, Will Styles, James Su, Mike Sulivan, Ville Syrjala, Slava Sysoltsev, Akira TAGOH, Toshimitsu Tanaka, Akira Taniguchi, Owen Taylor, Neil Terry, Jonathan Thambidurai, John Tillman, Adam Tlalka, Linus Torvalds, Christian Tosta, War- ren Turkal, Stephen J. Turnbull, Ted Unangst, Mike Urban, Simon Vallet, Thuraiappah Vaseeharan, Luc Verhaegen, Yann Vernier, Michail Vidiassov, Sebastiano Vigna, Mark Vojkovich, Stephane Voltz, Boris Weissman, Keith Whitwell, Thomas Winischhofer, Eric Wittry, Kim Woelders, Roy Wood, Jason L. Wright, Joerg Wunsch, Chisato Yamauchi, Hui Yu. Docbook/XML conversion: John Himpel and the XFree86 documentation team. Webmaster: Georgina O. Economou Hosting: Internet Systems Consortium, Inc <URL:http://www.isc.org/>. 7. Attributions/Acknowledgements This product includes software developed by The XFree86 Project, Inc (http://www.xfree86.org/) and its contributors. This produce includes software that is based in part of the work of the FreeType Team (http://www.freetype.org). This product includes software developed by the University of California, Berkeley and its contributors. This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou. This product includes software developed by the NetBSD Foundation, Inc. and its contributors This product includes software developed by X-Oz Technologies (http://www.x- oz.com/). Generated from XFree86: xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/doc/sgml/RELNOTES.sgml,v 1.116 dawes Exp $ $XFree86: xc/RELNOTES,v 1.38 2004/02/28 16:37:58 dawes Exp $


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- Inside Athletics
- Tickets
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- Social
- Shop
- Donate Now
JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Feb. 2, 2008) - It was a second half to remember for the ETSU women's basketball team as they shot 70.4 percent from the field and outscored Kennesaw State by 11, (47-36) as the Lady Bucs rallied past the Lady Owls, 81-77, in front of a record setting crowd of 1,236 fans Saturday afternoon inside Memorial Center.
ETSU remains on fire with the victory as they have won a season-high five consecutive games and improve to 11-10, 7-1 in the Atlantic Sun. With the win, the Lady Buccaneers remain in a battle with
Four Lady Buccaneer players reached double figures in scoring, but it was the combination of strong post play and a little
Senior Jenny Norman (Peachtree City, Ga.) was red-hot Saturday as she finished with 18 points (9-of-11 shooting), five rebounds, and a career-high six blocks; while sophomore Siarre Evans (
"I was very pleased with our second half effort," added head coach Karen Kemp, whose club has won seven of its first eight conference games. "Jenny (
After shooting only 39 percent in the first frame, the Lady Buccaneers heated up and quickly cut their seven-point halftime deficit to three, 45-42, when senior Kelly Turman (
The Lady Owls answered and took a 57-56 advantage on DeAndrea Bullock's three-pointer, but a pair of free throws by Evans at the 9:01 mark gave ETSU a one-point lead and they would never trail from there. ETSU pushed its lead to eight, 72-64, when TaRonda Wiles (
The Lady Bucs shot a season-high 53.3 percent (32-60) from the field and only missed eight shots (19-of-27) in the final 20 minutes of the ballgame. ETSU limited Kennesaw to a 28 percent clip in the second stanza, forcing the Lady Owls to shoot 36.1 percent (26-72) for the contest. The Lady Bucs did most of their work in the paint as they outscored KSU, 44-24, and ETSU's bench also doubled up the Lady Owls, 28-14. ETSU posted a 50-plus shooting mark for the first time since they hit 54 percent of its shots against Jacksonville in the A-Sun semifinals (March 9, 2007). Wiles led ETSU with five of its 19 assists, and the
In the first half, it looked like the Lady Buccaneers would run away with the game early as they opened the first six minutes on a 16-4 run. ETSU used second chance points to guide the spurt, with the Lady Bucs scoring nine points on eight offensive rebounds during the span. However,
Then the game remained tight as there were four lead changes and one tie during the final six and half minutes. Unfortunately, for the Lady Buccaneers their defense collapsed during last 2:50 of the half, because
During the first 20 minutes,
ETSU will close out its two-game homestand by hosting Mercer Monday evening. Tip is slated for 7 p.m. inside
Please visit www.ETSUBucs.com for more information on Lady Buccaneer athletics and all other athletic news.

subset: commoncrawl


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Remember this, everybody!? Croquembouche was the DB challenge for the month of June, 2010. It was such fun making it the first time and sharing it with a bunch of friends! I decided to make it again during the holidays last year as a thankyou gift when we went over to a friend's for a dinner party!
I thought I would post the new pictures that we took of my second successful try and inspire those who haven't tried this before! Hope the pictures are tempting enough to give them a try!
Unadorned, but I still think they are super pretty!
Unadorned, but I still think they are super pretty!
Stay tuned for the DB challenge for this month! Have a great week!


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The Norkova was a 24th century Federation Antares-class freighter.
In mid-2369, the Norkova transported a load of extremely rare and extremely valuable deuridium from the Gamma Quadrant to starbase Deep Space 9, which in turn, was to be delivered to the Kobliad.
Prior to the Norkova's arrival, the station's security personnel, aware of a possible Kobliad plot to hijack the deuridium, took several security precautions to prevent its theft.
Upon its emergence from the Bajoran wormhole, the Norkova requested permission to dock at the station. Due to the considerable value of the cargo, Commander Sisko placed the station at security alert yellow, to ensure its safety.
Although the cargo was originally assigned docking bay 8, Sisko reassigned the Norkova's cargo to bay 12, to throw off the hijackers, while having Odo maintain a visible contingent of security at bay 8. Meanwhile, the USS Rio Grande departed the station to escort the Norkova. It was later realized that the runabout was hijacked by Rao Vantika, whose consciousness was placed into Julian Bashir. As the hijackers beamed aboard the bridge, they killed the three members of the bridge crew, raised the ship's shields and effectively took complete control over the vessel.
Upon immediate discovery of what had just happened, the crew of DS9 locked a tractor beam on the Norkova, in an attempt to prevent its theft. Despite Vantika's attempt to engage the Norkova's engines at full impulse, it was unable to break the beam. This tactic did prevent the station from pulling the Norkova into a docking bay. Vantika then threatened to take the Norkova to warp if the station did not release the tractor beam, which would ultimately destroy the ship and kill Bashir.
Lieutenant Dax was able to prevent the Norkova from going to warp by sending an EM feedback pulse through the station's tractor beam. This feedback pulse resonated off of Norkova's shields and created an electromagnetic field inside the ship. This EM field then disrupted Vantika's hold over Bashir's body, allowing Bashir's consciousness to "emerge" so that he could drop the Norkova's shields and be transported from the bridge – saving himself and the deuridium shipment. (DS9: "The Passenger")
Crewmembers Edit
- See: Norkova personnel


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Monday, June 14, 2010
East Coast Tour Recap
I started out in Philadelphia to hang out at Craig's shop, Loop. It was beautiful and inspiring to say the least and my first time in Philly. They were even nice enough to roll out the red carpet for me.
I told Philly it was really unnecessary, but apparently they insist on treating all visiting knitters like royalty. :)
I taught a couple classes over the weekend and got to chat with knitters and some friends from Ravelry. I'm always inspired by the people and yarns I encounter on shop visits and this trip was no exception. I started swatching for a new design on the train ride up to Chicago from Urbana with my friend Sarah. I knit with Imperial Stock Ranch's bulky lopi yarn and ended up with a big wrap after one day.
That's the finished Lopi wrap soaking in my hotel bathtub. It's just a sketch/prototype, but it led to another idea when I found the perfect yarn in Craig's shop. You'll be seeing the final result (much different than the bath photo) later this Fall!
I made my way over to New York on the train and stayed with a couple friends in Brooklyn during the week. I enjoyed a couple free days to knit in Central Park, visit the Museum of Natural History, and experience the city with good friends. One highlight was digging through the order of Madelinetosh that arrived at Knitty City the day I taught my class. You just can't beat seeing all of Amy's gorgeous colorways in person!
I stayed with my friend Sean the following weekend in Boston where I met a nice Herbivore accompanied by a knitter at Stitch House Dorchester.
The next day was filled with more inspiration at Seed Stitch Fine Yarn in Salem, MA..
Here's a shot from Sean Riley of all the shawls laid out for my top down shawl workshop. I'm glad I still get to see and pet them all, even in summertime.
Courtney's shop is fantastic and there was a beautiful sample of the Boneyard Shawl knit up in Rowan Denim. I had to get 6 skeins from her to make my own. I started a Boneyard Shawl Summer KAL over on Ravelry too. I love my new cotton version, which will be perfect for cooler summer evenings.
I especially love how the Rowan Denim shrinks a bit and fades when you wash/dry it. It's surprisingly soft and light as well!
I finished the shawl at the tail end of my Boston adventure and snapped the photos at my last stop in Brunswick, ME.
Brunswick is one of the cutest towns I've been to and I was shocked by how generous and friendly everyone in the town was, definitely a much slower pace than New York. So, it was a perfect last stop before heading home.
I arrived early Wednesday morning on the bus and spent the day at Ellen's shop, Purl Diva. Purl Diva reminded me of home because the shop is in a beautifully converted house just like my LYS at home. I enjoyed meeting a whole bunch of knitters for the afternoon workshop
and an order of Madelinetosh came in just in time for all of us to admire the new Pashmina in addition to the sock and dk weights.
I walked away with a few skeins of Madtosh dk in the Stovepipe colorway, which became the prototype for another new design. Madelinetosh seemed to follow me around everywhere along the East Coast. If you ever need someone to sing the praises of Madelinetosh yarns, I would be more than happy to!
I had a fantastic trip, but was certainly thankful to be back home for a week before TNNA. I just flew back from TNNA in Columbus, OH and will share my experience along with several photos soon! In the meantime, here are a couple previews of my marvelous TNNA adventure!
Admiring Bijou Basin with Sarah and Gudrun
Tea Party in Ysolda's booth!
Ravelry Ice Cream Social
6 comments:
- Teish said...
Oh, if only I lived closer to Brunswick! Alas, I'm a good bit North of there. :-)
I've knit three of your shawl designs, and currently have one on the needles. And you just HAD to mention a cotton Boneyard shawl! I have to go look for some cotton to cast on with... ;-)
- June 15, 2010 at 6:36 AM
- sko_G knits said...
looks like you had a great trip, and i love Boneyard in the rowan denim!
- June 15, 2010 at 1:55 PM
- Mel said...
Aw, you passed right by us.
Ellen does have a nice little shop. It's just too bad that I so rarely get up to Brunswick.
- June 15, 2010 at 11:51 PM
- Cassy said...
Excellent Boneyard! So crisp and bright out of the denim. Looks like you had a fun tour.
- June 16, 2010 at 2:42 PM
- Kathleen said...
Looks like you had a great trip. Next time you're on the East Coast, we'll have to meet up at Knitty City or Purl Diva, unless I get back for a Lag/Pot reunion some day :)
- June 18, 2010 at 7:35 PM
- Christine said...
looks like a fantastic trip! I love the wraps and shawls you do - have the yarn for one queued as I type. They're very swooshy (if that's a word!)
- July 6, 2010 at 3:30 PM


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Opinion: Berlusconi Returns
Alberto Mingardi, the Director General of free-market think tank Istituto Bruno Leoni, on the Italian elections this weekend and the challenges facing former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... I ... welcome back to Opinion Journal why Mary Kissel ... Italy's national elections are just around the corner ... and as usual you can't beat that country for drama ... and former leader Silvio Berlusconi actually make a comeback ... we've got the director general of the Institute of brewing on the onthe think tank in Milan ... overcoming guard here ... Albert so ... let's start off with the incumbent's cassette buyers are influenced by incumbency ... how would you rate the performance of the month the government in ways that mean for the center left in Italy ... Monty Norman is being very effective in doing one thing which is restoring VTI and BDBD Shinto The de pins largely among you more team's sale of Mimi's his persona was valuable ... known for making toward ... considering decency are seeking ... but the fiscal tightening in the Monty governments tenure was basically ... on taxes I mean they did not cut spending as it was needed he was a difficult majority because everybody was in left center right ... now meets the Maltese ironing being the election is the leader of the centrist ... coalition ... news of left wing party which has seen it can be winning most likely the Democrats of the left ... and of course miss them the most cohesive is people where I am a minimal the quotation owl and a deadly fight ... it's a two horse race to sort of Berlusconi to say that he's had a tumultuous Ryan ... as the head of it ... the Italian political system might be a bit of an understatement ... how has this week and ... continue ... on to lead on the national scene how was the even ... of course in this race ... well you know is all we see Italian elections are good funny for nominee Chuck and taxpayers ... the point with Mr. Benmosche only is that of course in and is now being a very successful Prime Minister is not being very good at delivering what he promised it and he actually ... you know it it is a fundamentally tied to the center can see ... it as being ... twenty eight years and it is a very strong constituency ... for him that I it's basically people in forty forty Christian Democrats for fifty years ... in the Kingston Democrats were not exciting ... man you cannot remember the Lee of twenty excited based animal tactically ... of me so Berlusconi has been an exciting leader retain the knowledge no longer ... funny thing is a fair amount of the Italian population which is voting for him basically because they really fear ... the prospect of a left wing government having said that ... priests of the most Call Me scored thirty seven percent in the selection peacetime the polls even basically of around twenty percent so it's a major ... it's a major ... caffeine it's great when Italian population got less than a minute left I wanted to briefly to the five star is moving in new party risking an enormous following ... I decide speak to retire voters' frustration with the choices that this new party can contain so much so quickly indeed it's the part led by a comedian Lisa by a comedian ... the polls ... given basically eighteen trainee priests end in divorce which is really in law Dean and the time ... of the election before ... the uneconomical dummies a milkshake of some solid ideas and lots of populism ... their vote even into unlikely the stallion people because the knees really deep down frustration ... since about two h ... forty tell you the link ... is in the league Governor poll yesterday ... yes it has been going on in the past ... I think we had some successful government like the one by ... Humala pulling pushing some kind of reform ... of course the politics of the woman use to get even more intricate ... than in other places ... that you know the fact that Mr did was Coty wasted so many of which you need to be in the past doesn't necessarily mean that you cannot be any Italian frame eMusic and actively work to change that can actively working to change the country we hope someone can ... directed channel of the Institute of brewing really think tank in the month ... of reckoning hearty thank you so


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Own your very own copy of The Line, by Emmy Award-winning writer and producer Linda Midgett. You can purchase your copy at the Sojo Store.
Once you purchase the DVD, consider hosting a screening of the film. For more information, to view the panel discussion, and for a hosting tookit, check out our Resources page.


text:
The entire Apple community has spent much of the last several years coming to terms with the post-App Store software market, where people won't pay even a few dollars for a great app, but will pay hundreds of dollars to get a higher score on Candy Crush or a better looking Springfield on Tapped Out. But it's not just games, as Marco Arment points out:
This is the real reason why Apple doesn't care about upgrade pricing: there's no demand from customers. The market has shown that free apps will be downloaded at least an order of magnitude more than paid-up-front apps, and smart use of in-app purchase in a free app is likely to make more money. Over time, this trend has only become stronger and more clear.
Paid-up-front iOS apps had a great run, but it's over. Time to make other plans.
It's not the App Store some of us want, but it's the App Store most of us have decided to support and reward. Whether we look back at the simpler time when we paid a fair price for a great app and incrementally upgraded from there as the dark ages, or as the good old days, remains to be seen.
As does the types of apps this in-app future, fully realized, will bring.
Source: Marco Arment


text:
Patrick Swayze Dies at 57
Dirty Dancing' star Patrick Swayze has died after a nearly two-year battle with pancreatic cancer. He was 57
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My dearest readers, I bid thee welcome, for it is I, the Duke of DVD, once more standing firm at the gunwale of cinematic mastery. Legs spread, I weather the pitch and yaw of the stormy seas of forgotten film minutiae, striving evermore to land the white leviathan that is silver-screen awesome. Do not despair, gentle readers! Together we shall shed light on the deepest of mysteries, catching the rare glimpse of that pallid abomination that slides through the ice-cold, inky blackness.
Today I turn my head to the left, then to the right, pointing with a glyphed dagger to the eight cardinal directions, muttering the names of unspeakable monstrosities from beyond time. Today friends, we raise the spectre of one Alfred Hitchcock as we trample across his grave in an attempt to reconcile the greatness that is Psycho II. What perverse greed drove filmmakers, a full 23 years after the original, to exhume this moldering corpse, string it up on a rough-hewn pole, and brandish it around town whilst horrified on-lookers shrieked and cowered, stabbing their scabbed fingers at the air with arcane signs to ward off ill omens?
Let us find out!
After the wild success of Hitchcock's Psycho in 1960, one would think that a sequel would have been fast-tracked. Luckily for 1960's moviegoers, Hollywood wasn't suffering the collective head trauma that they are now, and the movie stood on its own. Modern-day Hollywood, as my astute readers already know, is currently being consumed by itself. Demented by pain and rage, it shudders and groans, passing sequel after sequel, remake after remake, through its long digestive tract before a final grunt plops the cinematic offal directly onto the faces of the modern movie-going public.
Psycho was spared this fate for over two decades, until in 1982 Robert Bloch wrote a book called Psycho II, which basically amounted to a send-up of the slasher genre. Before you could say "Holy FUCK! What a great idea!", Universal had jumped all over the idea of reprising Psycho. Negotiations were quickly underway, with everyone down to the Universal janitors trying to get Anthony Perkins to sign on. It wasn't until other names were bandied about (namely Christopher Walken, how fucking great would that have been!?!?) that Perkins finally consented.
Luckily, the original Bates household still existed on the Universal back lot, so all that had to be done was to rebuild the motel out front. The movie was originally intended to be a made-for-TV film, but I guess wiser heads prevailed and it was released in 1983 to critical acclaim and box office success. The movie ended up grossing over $32 million, making it one of the top draws that year. How did lightning strike twice for this franchise, before completely running off the tracks for sequels 3 and 4?
First off, there's Anthony Perkins. Why he isn't more popular is a subject that I will not get into here, but if you just looked at his work in the first two Psycho movies, you would be at a loss to explain it. Perkins plays a supposedly-newly-reformed Norman Bates with an aplomb that is palpable. He owns every scene, his eyes constantly alive with whatever emotion is he supposed to be feeling. He chews through every scene of the movie this way, and it is riveting to say the least.
The movie opens with the original footage of Janet Leigh's death in Psycho. Once again we are reminded of how much of an utter fucking genius that ol' Alfred was. No frame is wasted, each shot composed and presented to give the utmost in suspense. The murky figure of Norman, wearing his mother's clothing and wig, seen through the shower curtain is simply chilling. The brutal stabbing, so much more brutal if one imagines seeing something like this in 1960, is simply stunning. The close-up of Janet's hand gripping the curtain, until she finally tumbles out, face pressing against the floor, dead, as the camera lingers on her eye, seeming to show us the final light escaping it. Stunning, and brilliant.
This segues us into the early 80's, and a middle-aged Norman Bates sits in court as the judge pronounces him fit to return to normal society, where men are allowed to dress up as their departed mothers in the privacy of their own homes, provided they keep the killing to a minimum. Present in the courtroom is Lila Loomis (Vera Miles), sister to Marion Crane (Janet Leigh), who causes a brief ruckus by loudly proclaiming that Norman isn't in the least rehabilitated and shouldn't be released. Nothwithstanding, the judge brings the gavel down, and Norman is free to go.
Norman is driven back home by his court-appointed psychiatrist, Dr. Raymond (played excellently by Robert Loggia). Now, folks, I may not be a noted psychologist, but long years of listening to the Vicar wax philosophic on such subjects as the proper way to don a pair of ass-less chaps have given me a near preternatural insight into the human psyche. It seems to me that if someone was raised by a tyrant mother, and then finally kills said tyrant, and then proceeds to murder other victims wearing his mother's clothes, shouldn't that person, as part of their treatment, be made to, oh I don't know... STAY THE FUCK AWAY from the house in which it all occurred?
But this is the logic of film we are talking about, and so Norman is escorted right back to where it all began and unceremoniously dumped into the mouldy old house in which he was raised. Very quickly we are introduced to the seedy manager of the Bates Motel, who has been running the place in Norman's absence. The how or why of it isn't explained, but we learn that the motel is the happening spot for illicit affairs and drug deals, a fact which makes Norman a very angry boy. He fires the manager - played by a young Dennis Franz I am happy to report! - and tries to get his life on the right track.
This includes a sort of work-release program at a local diner. Norman is given the job of "cook's helper," which he takes to with relish. He meets the over-worked waitress of the joint, Mary (played by the scrumptious Meg Tilly). Norman comes to her aid several times, and ultimately gets her to come stay with him at his house after hearing that her boyfriend has kicked her out. This leads to what will become a long line of awesome Anthony Perkins-related scenes.
In the house, Mary and Norman sit at the kitchen table, and Norman offers to fix her a sandwich. This leads to Norman finding, get this, the exact fucking knife that he did foul murder with, just sitting there in the kitchen drawer! Uttering a line that is simply fantastic, Norman stammers out, "I am still getting set up here, and don't have much in the way of cuuuuuuuutlery."Mary begins digging around, finds the knife, and hands it to Norman, who shakily cuts her sandwich in twain. Brilliant stuff!
Everything seems fine to begin with. Norman seems well-enough adjusted, and despite the shock of finding his old murder weapon, not to mention a hand-written note from his mother from years ago (saying something to the effect of having dinner ready later), he is getting along with minimal problems. However, things quickly start to unravel. While working the orders at the dinner, Norman spins the order wheel around and sees a note from his mother! It reads "Get that slut out of my house! -Mother" or some such. Needless to say, he freaks the fuck out, but when his coworkers investigate, they find no note.
Later, Norman starts receiving calls from someone purporting to be his mother, which Norman buys hook line and sinker. He starts a downward spiral, and we the audience do indeed believe that he is losing it--that is until a more nefarious plot is revealed. It seems Mary isn't just an innocent waitress, and is instead Lila Loomis's daughter, niece to the Norman-murdered Marion Crane! Knowing that the courts will not keep Norman locked up, they have taken it upon themselves to drive him insane enough to be recommitted.
Things start getting even more bizarre when it's revealed that not just Mary and her mother are sneaking around the house. A mysterious 3rd party is peeking through peepholes at Mary getting out of the shower (a few quick seconds of Meg Tilly nearly full-frontal was enough to send your beloved Duke into a turgid dream-world, until I found out it was a body double, which caused much wailing and gnashing of teeth!) and hacking to death teens who are foolish enough to use the Bates' basement as a make-out spot. Norman is insistent that his mother is still around, and we start believing right along with him, even knowing it really can't be true.
The good Dr. Raymond even takes Norman out and has his mother's coffin exhumed, basically shoving his face in it saying "There! Look! She's dead, ok?! Christ, for the love of..." Ok, so he didn't do that, but he should have. Meanwhile, the sheriff is getting increasingly suspicious of Norman. First, the vagina-bearing half of one teen couple survives and informs the sheriff that someone killed her boyfriend in the Bates basement. However, an exhaustive forensic investigation (read: the corpulent sheriff standing in the basement, looking around a few seconds, then pronouncing "Nothin' ta see here'a"), nothing is confirmed.
Mr. Toomey, the now-fired motel manager, who returns late at night to loudly pack up his belongings after Norman gives him the boot. Toomey is subsequently murdered, but it seems that Norman has an alibi, casting suspicion once again upon this mysterious 3rd party. The police continue to investigate, finally finding Toomey's car driven into the swamp near the house (which is fucking great for hiding bodies!), with Toomey's rotten corpse stuffed in the trunk. Meanwhile, Lila sneaks into the Bates basement and pulls her "Norman's Mother's Costume" from beneath a loose flagstone, only to be stabbed through her open mouth and out the back of her skull by a shadowy figure wearing yet another dress!
They are still unable to pin any of it on Norman, though, who is looking ever-increasingly fevered and demented as all of this progresses. By the final act, Norman is sweating through his skin, jumping at shadows, looking around with the wall-eyed visage of a hunted animal cornered by fell beasts, and just generally looking uncomfortable. His only respite is with the phantom phone calls from his "mother." Unable to convince him that this is just Lila calling, Mary becomes frantic to prove to Norman that it is all a ruse. Unbeknownst to Mary, however, is that her mother Lila hasn't been calling. Who's ringing the phone, then?!
The movie culminates with Dr. Raymond, who is convinced that Mary and Lila are trying to drive Norman mad (which they are) and who jumps out and grabs Mary (who in turn has dressed as Norman's mother, complete with wig, in an attempt to talk Norm down from his insanity [WTF? Great idea, lady!]) and Mary shrieks then stabs the good doctor to death before she realizes who grabbed her. The doctor plunges over the banister with the knife protruding from his chest, and lands on a lower railing, directly on the knife, which is pushed further into his body! Brutal and brilliant, as well as well-shot!
Distraught, Mary runs downstairs to find Norman having a conversation with his non-existent mother still. He hangs up and tells Mary he'll take care of her while slowly advancing on her with a manic look in his eyes. Mary panics and stabs him, repeatedly, though they amount to stigmata-esque hand wounds and a few more shallow stabs on his person. She slowly backs in the basement, still stabby in her actions. She trips backwards over a pile of coal, and reveals the stabbed corpse of her mother!
Before you can say "How's your father?" she screeches at Norman and tries to run him through, only to be shot by Sheriff Portly! Norman, hands bandaged, is taken to the sheriff's department, where he is exonerated, sans trial, for any wrong-doing, by the lard-ass sheriff. He is then given a ride home, where he sets two places for dinner and waits. After dark comes a knock at his backdoor, which he answers. In walks a small-ish old lady, who informs Norman that he is indeed her true son, and that who Norman thought was his mother was instead this new lady's sister. Apparently Norman's real mother was too young, and about to be institutionalized, so she gave up Norman.
Norman accepts this with surprising calm, as he fixes her some tea, poisoning her with the same stuff he used to off his first "mother." As she's starting to choke, he apparently decides that this is taking too long, and uses the coal shovel from the basement to bash her head in! He picks up her stiffening body and carries it upstairs, to his mother's room. The camera pauses with a high-profile shot facing downward to outside the door. We hear Norman reassure her that everything is going to be fine, and then we hear his new mother's voice, telling Norm that he's a good boy and to stay away from "filthy girls."
The final shot of the movie is a fantastic frame of Norman walking away from the house, down to the motel. It is night and the sky is steel-gray; thunder rumbles in the distance. We see a lighted window at his mother's room, and her dark silhouette, watching, as Norman turns his head back to face the house. Fin.
Dearest readers, I must say, that this movie is completely awesome. Never in my wildest fantasies (and I've had some pretty wild fantasies, I assure you!) did I imagine that any sort of direct sequel to Psycho would be successful. And yet, here it is. Director Richard Franklin and writer Tom Holland pull off something that would seem at first glace to sucketh, yet pull it off they do. The visual compositions, which include a ton of off-angle, elevated shots, speak visually to Norman's state of mind. I also found it highly entertaining that not only did the producers keep you guessing as to what in the fuck is going on, but that even upon retrospection the killer identities is ambiguous at best. One can easily say that Norman's real mother killed Toomey and the kid in the basement, but did she really? It very well could have been Norman...
Anthony Perkins just nails the shit out of his reprized role, as I elucidated upon earlier. One interesting note is that due to Meg Tilly's young age, she was relatively unaware of Perkins' fame for his 1960 role as Norman Bates, causing her to ask what all the hubbub about Tony was, which reportedly pissed Perkins off to no end, causing him to cease speaking to her like some petulant child for the remainder of the shoot! Tony Perkins: a big girl's blouse when it comes to being a star.
In the end, this movie is most certainly greater than the sum of its parts. From the fantastic performances of even the most bitty of bit parts, to the reused house from the original, to the way each shot was composed with much forethought, Psycho 2 ranks right up there in the pantheon of brilliant sequels that not only add to the mythos created by their predecessors, but are also fantastic movies in their own right.
A standing ovation and 3 Thumbs Up, my friends. Stay stabby.
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
Psycho II (1983): Or, There's A Right Way And A Wrong Way To Have Mommy Issues
Posted by The Duke of DVD at 6:00 AM
Labels: '80s, 3 Thumbs, Anthony Perkins, Obvious Cash-ins That Worked, Psycho Killer
5 comments:
- DJ Capybara said...
I can remember watching this with my dad when I was a teenager. Neither of us was expecting him to hit her with the shovel at the end and we both laughed our guts out. Ahhh good memories....
- April 27, 2010 at 8:02 PM
This is truly an underappreciated gem. Another amazingly awesome and epic review. I had no idea Walken was ever considered for the role of Bates.
- April 27, 2010 at 8:28 PM
- The Film Connoisseur said...
This sequel is solid, I mean, out of all the films that followed the original, this is by far my favorite one. The story grabs you if you stick with it all the way to the end. ANd the ending! What a shocker dammit!
Part III is solid as well, but this one is better.
- April 28, 2010 at 12:30 PM
- Al Bruno III said...
A surprisingly good film for a decades after the fact. I think that if might work just as well as a stand alone film if you stripped out the Psycho mythology. The final meeting between Norman and his mother was a shocker.
Oh and Duke I do agree that young Meg was quite the cutie back then and if there is any justice in the world your fine work will someday make you the meat in a Tilly sister sandwich.
- April 29, 2010 at 11:29 PM
- Stephen Phillips said...
Couldn't agree more! I absolutely LOVE 'Psycho II' and have been telling people for years what a great sequel it is. Granted, that was the last good installment in the franchise, but I thought it was a worthy successor to the first film. You truly feel sorry for Norman in this one, because he really is just trying to live a normal life.
- November 6, 2012 at 3:49 PM


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The Supreme Court deals with all matters involving wills and the administration of deceased estates. This includes appointing a person to deal with a deceased person's property following death. The Court does so by making the following grants
Probate, Letters of Administration with the Will Annexed and Letters of Administration are documents issued by the Court which are the official evidence of the executor's or administrator's authority to deal with the deceased person's property. Banks and other financial institutions, Landgate, and share registries may refuse to allow any dealings in relation to a deceased person's property until the Court has made a grant.
An application must be made to the Court to obtain a grant. The type of application required will depend on whether the deceased left a valid will and if so, the terms of the will, or whether the deceased died without leaving a valid will. This can be a complex area of the law and applicants will often require the assistance of a lawyer.
The Court has prepared the attached FAQs to provide assistance to non-lawyers who are considering whether to make an application to the Court in relation to the estate of a deceased person. The FAQs cover the following areas:
It is strongly recommended that as a first step, you read the FAQs carefully. If there are matters that you do not understand or if your particular query is not covered in the FAQs, then you should seek legal advice. Please do not contact the Court or the Probate office for legal advice or to assist you with any application that you wish to make or that you have made.
Non-contentious Probate Rules 1967
Office of Births, Deaths and Marriages - www.bdm.dotag.wa.gov.au
Citizens Advice Bureau - www.cabwa.com.au
Landgate - www.landgate.wa.gov.a
For legal assistance or help to find a lawyer - www.lawsocietywa.asn.au
Community Legal Centres - www.communitylaw.net
Public Trustee - www.publictrustee.wa.gov.au
Last updated: 16-Aug-2017
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WarKPosts: 1229Joined: Wed Aug 12, 2009 9:59 am Gender: Tree
Dances with Wolves, Sioux history, Standing Rock protests
I've stumbled upon this channel: History Buffs. There are some interesting movie reviews, done from the angle of historic accuracy.
One in particular turned out to be much more than just a movie review. I'ts about Dance with Wolves. As I really like the movie, naturally I was curious to see how much of it was historically accurate. Turns out that quite a lot. After reviewing the movie the author goes on to continue the vid talking about Sioux history. The vid concludes with Standing Rock protests against an oil pipeline.
A very good video, albeit quite depressing.
Did you see that ludicrous display last night?
|Tue Apr 18, 2017 6:24 pm


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Need a Business Development Executive/Company who can generate lead for us.
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If you're in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macau, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden then you're also in luck! The new iPad launches today in your country!
Are you getting it? Are you lining up? If you are, share your stories and pictures with us in the iMore forums! We'd love to stand in line with you and hear all about how many people are there, what the atmosphere is like, which new iPad model you're getting, and what you think of it once you've gotten it!
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Bentley Number
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5 cups Cheerios dry cereal
4 cups marshmallows*
1 tablespoon butter
3 oz semisweet chocolate chips
Grease or spray a 9x13 inch baking pan. In a large pot, melt butter and marshmallows together, stirring** near continuously. When the marshmallows are almost totally melted, add the chips. Stir once or twice, then stir in the cereal, one cup at a time. Once thoroughly mixed, pour into the prepared pan and flatten slightly with the back of a spatula or spoon. Allow to cool, then cut into bars.
*mini marshmallows melt faster, but the big ones work just as well.
**spray a spatula or spoon with cooking spray to avoid a sticky mess.


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FRITZ!Box 7430 Service - Knowledge Base
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If you spend an hour making telephone calls over the internet every day, in 30 days the volume of data transmitted amounts to around 3 GB (around 1.5 GB in each direction).


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The Jump presenter Davina McCall: 'There's no way on earth you'd get me down a ski jump'
AS HOST of Channel 4's The Jump, Davina McCall is persuading terrified celebrities to try extreme winter sports. But will the bubbly presenter be brave enough to have a go herself?
There have been some wild and weird celebrity reality shows over the years – but Channel 4's latest offering, The Jump, could be the most daring yet. Olympic rower Sir Steve Redgrave, Cowboy Builders' Melinda Messenger and former Pussycat Dolls singer Kimberly Wyatt are among 12 stars competing in challenging and dangerous disciplines such as speed skating, ski cross, bobsleigh and slalom.
The celebs will be put through their paces by Olympic ski racer and Ski Sunday host Graham Bell, and Olympic skeleton bob gold medallist Amy Williams.Presenter Davina McCall will oversee the action, held over eight consecutive nights in Innsbruck, Austria.
Davina, 46, was hooked by the idea from her first meeting with producers.
"They showed me a tape of all the sports the competitors were going to undertake and footage of non-experts having a go," she says. "I laughed so hard and I thought: 'Oh my God, I have to present this show'."
Health and safety has been strict during training, particularly in light of former Formula 1 racing driver Michael Schumacher's recent skiing accident, but Davina still plans to stay off the slopes.
I have skied in the past, but I'm too frightened now. I wouldn't try anything on skis, and there's no way on earth you'd get me down a ski jump
"I have skied in the past, but I'm too frightened now," she says. "I wouldn't try anything on skis, and there's no way on earth you'd get me down a ski jump."
The aforementioned 'jump' is the show's centrepiece, which will be tackled by the two lowest-scoring celebrities at the end of every episode to determine who will be sent home.
But even with expert coaching from Eddie "The Eagle" Edwards – the underdog hero of the Calgary 1988 Winter Olympics – it's an understandably daunting prospect for the show's contestants.
"It feels like you're launching yourself off a cliff. I can't even tell you how terrifying it is," says Melinda, 42, who joined her fellow contestants for training at The Snow Centre, in Hemel Hempstead, in December.
But the craziest of the bunch might be Kimberly Wyatt. The 31-year-old singer and judge of Sky1's Got To Dance is due to marry model Max Rogers at the end of February – only a month after filming for The Jump.
"I want to come home in one piece and be able to walk down the aisle!" she laughs. "As much as I want to put my all into it, I still want to be intact. Max thinks I'm an absolute nut, but he's backing me 100 per cent."
Other contestants include presenter Anthea Turner, former TOWIE beauty Amy Childs, 1980s pop star Sinitta and former England cricketer Darren Gough. Davina tells us she has the utmost respect for them all.
"They've all committed to it heart and soul," she says. "We should salute them for that, as well as just doing it in the first place."


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Obliterate the competition with the third downloadable content pack with 4 unique Multiplayer Maps and a wild new locale for the latest in Zombies action. Jump in to battle on Multiplayer with "Hangar 18," located in the highly classified military base of Area 51; "Drive-In," close quarters combat through a 60's American Drive-In theater; "Silo," infiltrate a massive secret Soviet nuclear missile site in this multilevel battleground; and "Hazard", play through this coastal golf course on the cliff sides of Cuba. Zombies are back in "Shangri-La," a legendary shrine lost in an exotic jungle.
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Pete Jones had been with The One and Only Fitness for 20-plus years when the company eliminated his job and offered him three months of severance. He was upset — after all, he'd helped build the brand — but he took the package and decided to open his own club.
Pete considered creating his own brand, but he quickly realized he was not fully prepared to locate, negotiate, design, construct and open his own facility. Franchisors seemed to offer what he needed to open his first club. However, the number of franchise options was large, and the process to get information on each franchise and then examine it was time consuming.
So before Pete's severance ran out, he put together a list of 10 franchise musts to help him make his decision:
- Meet the executives
If you are considering a franchise in the fitness industry, meet the CEO, CFO and COO. The fitness industry doesn't have a franchise too big to make this impossible. If you are going to invest your money, time and future financial security in a franchise, you need to meet the executives so you know if you feel comfortable with them and can trust them. If you can't meet them or you don't trust them 100 percent, then don't buy.
- Do due diligence
Make sure you are issued the franchise disclosure document (FDD), which discloses information required by the federal and state government. Read it thoroughly. Ask the franchisor to explain anything you don't understand. Be concerned if a franchisor can't explain something or tells you that they just put that in there but they don't do it or enforce it.
- Find earnings claims
Not all franchisors put earnings claims in their FDD, and they don't have to. If a franchisor does not provide earnings claims, you must assemble a reasonable pro-forma yourself. A franchisor is only allowed to discuss earnings claims if they are in the FDD. If they do put earnings claims in their FDD, be sure that they are not just for corporate stores or joint-venture stores. If they are, take them with a grain of salt, as they don't disclose the true nature of what franchisees earn. Many franchisors also will give you contact information for other franchisees with whom you can speak, but they are typically their best operators or are cozy with the franchisor. Call them, but also call other franchisees, all of whom are required to be listed in the back of the FDD. Ask a lot of questions of many franchisees to give you a clear view of their performance and happiness with the franchisor.
- Know the fees, franchise term and renewal
All of a franchisor's fees need to be disclosed to you. Compare the overall costs with those of other franchises, then compare what you get for those fees. The franchise term determines how long you have the rights to operate the business — typically five, 10 or 20 years. After your term expires, you must pay a renewal fee and your royalties may change. Ask about this now. Once you buy into a franchise, you are entering a long-term relationship, so be sure you understand the future of that relationship as well as the present.
- Know your territory
Do you have a protected territory? If you don't, the franchisor can put a club right next to yours.
- Personal site visit
Will the franchisor visit the site you've selected for your club to inspect it firsthand? The franchisor should know which sites show signs of a successful location, but they cannot determine that without an in-person visit. No in-person visit means they are not engaged in the potential success of your location.
- Training programs and support
The franchisor's job is to support and service the franchisee. Get details of the support and service they offer: training, marketing, financing, back office resources, preferred vendors with preferred pricing, operating systems, real-estate assistance, etc.
- Litigation and closings
Legal action involving the franchisor has to be disclosed, so review that section of the FDD. A lot of litigation and a high number of club closings in the past year could be red flags.
- Be ready to work
Even the best franchise can provide lackluster results for a poor operator. Owning a franchise doesn't mean that you don't have to work hard; it just increases your odds of success.
- Believe in the brand and operating model
Don't buy into a franchise if you don't believe in it, and have a passion for how that business is run and what it represents. How well-known is the brand, and how does it resonate with consumers? Also, does the operating model provide everything that you would enjoy doing and providing to your customers?
Mark Mastrov, founder of 24 Hour Fitness, is now an investor in various business opportunities through his company, New Evolution Fitness Co. You can reach him at email@example.com.


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Register a private or public company (IN01)
Use this form to register (incorporate) a private or public company. Include the optional continuation pages if needed.
Form to register (incorporate) a company
Use the paper form to register a private or public company within the UK at a cost of £40.
You can register your company online for a fee of £12 if it's a private company limited by shares with model articles.
Forms need to be printed at full size on white A4 sized paper.
Nationalities and countries
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Published 22 August 2014
Last updated 9 February 2018 + show all updates
Last updated 9 February 2018 + show all updates
- Link added to nationalities and countries list.
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- The page contains a version of the new IN01 that will be activated from 30 June 2016. The new form is only here for information purposes, please don't submit this form before this date as it will be rejected.
- Guidance on completing paper form Register a private or public company (IN01) added to this page.
- New version uploaded.
- Online option added
- First published.


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Graduation Requirements
Students are responsible for satisfying all requirements leading to a degree or certificate for the curriculum in which they are enrolled.
Your Application for Graduation triggers a review of all academic work for the purpose of certification of graduation.
Students must pass all courses required for the program or certificate in which they have matriculated, and must achieve at least a 2.0 program grade point average. Courses should be completed as specified in the catalog including general education requirements and competency requirements.
Residency requirement: A minimum of 25% of the required program credits for graduation must be successfully completed at Mohawk Valley Community College.
Institutional requirements for two-year degrees include:
- One credit hour of College Seminar
- Two credit hours of Physical Education
- Diversity and Global View
- Financial Obligations to the college must be fulfilled
- A final High School Transcript showing graduation information or GED Certificate must be on file
Students expecting to have transfer credit to count towards graduation should have all official transcripts on file. All transfer courses must be posted on your official transcript prior to graduation.
Matriculation is terminated by graduation. Students intending to pursue another degree or certificate need to matriculate in the new degree or certificate program.
Dual Degree
Providing that all requirements are fulfilled for both programs, including at least a 2.0 GPA in both, a student may concurrently or consecutively undertake a second degree program at the same level as the first. A second degree will be awarded only in those cases where the second program requires at least 15 semester credit hours of specific courses which are not part of the requirements of the first.
Graduation with Honors
A cumulative Grade Point Average (GPA) of 3.75 is required for Graduation with Honors.
Diplomas are mailed to graduates 6 - 8 weeks after certification.
Contact Information
Payne Hall, Room 159A
1101 Sherman Drive
Utica, NY 13501
Telephone: 315.792.5336
Fax: 315.792.5698
Email: email@example.com
Plumley Complex, Room 117
1101 Floyd Avenue
Rome, NY 13440
Telephone: 315.334.7708
Fax: 315.334.7726


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326 members6 Likes
Started this discussion. Last reply by Mark / The Mayor Mar 23, 2012. 2 Replies 0 Likes
Hey !!! For anyone who is free during weekdays let me know. We could rally, do drills, play singles or doubles (if enough people respond).Thanks !!!Continue
Chris Bo has not received any gifts yet
I'll be the one with the coffee,
see ya there,
Hey Chris, that sounds good, at Trinity?
9 a.m., it'll take me a bit to wake up but I'm totally up for it,
let me know if it is still a go,
Hi Chris,
I belong to several clubs closer to the east end of Scarborough.
I'd be glad to hit anytime if you'd like to check out any locations. One is indoors and air-conditiond, Tam Heather at Morningside and 401. Another is outdoors at the Scarborough U of T which is very close to Tam Heather. And a couple of other outdoors clubs too. Feel free to let me know any times that might be good for you and I can if I can get out to hit. Thanks!
Hey Chris, that would be great! I think I'm good for most mornings next week, any time before 1 or 2 p.m. Let me know what works with you,
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