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Biology Graduate Programs | Biological Sciences
Biology graduate programs span courses of study that might lead to a graduate certificate, Master of Science (MS) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Biology degrees. Most often available through a university's Department of Biology or Biological Sciences, it is common for graduate biology programs to have specific research interests. These could include water science, neuroscience, cancer research or infectious diseases among others. It may be helpful to look for a program where one's own interests are mirrored. Or, where it is possible to expand a point of view.
What Is the Biological Sciences?
Biology graduate programs explore biology as a multidisciplinary science – 'biological sciences'. As the 'study of life', biology has many facets. Hence, the biology major may cover several key areas.
Some graduate programs in biology address human biology and development. Others might cover molecular and cell biology, microbiology, and immunology. Or, programs that cover diversity and the ecology might highlight evolutionary biology, plants and organisms.
When surveyed, 33% of Biological Sciences Professors reported they had a Masters degree, 47% a Doctoral degree, 17% Post-doctoral training.i
An Overview of Biology Graduate Programs
Many biology graduate programs format their programs with core courses and concentrations. An area of emphasis may provide the basis for cross-disciplinary research and alliance with other disciplines such as mathematics or engineering. Or, they might help a graduate student to prepare professionally for a targeted career path such as biotechnology.
Popular Biology Graduate Programs
Degree Awarded
Master of Science in Health Sciences in Molecular Diagnostic Science
Master of Science in Biology
Master of Science in Biological Sciences
Master of Science in Green Chemistry
Master of Science in Molecular & Cell Biology
Master of Science in Human Anatomy & Physiology Instruction
Doctor of Philosophy in Molecular Bioscience
Doctor of Philosophy in Biology
Doctor of Philosophy in Molecular & Cell Biology
Doctor of Philosophy in Genetics
Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Biology Graduate Program Requirements
Some biology graduate schools encourage students to check off one or two areas of interest in their application. They might also suggest that an applicant list potential faculty mentors whose research interests them on their form.
Other required materials vary between schools. For instance, some require PhD candidates to have a MS degree, while other graduate programs in biology might admit students with their Bachelors and a strong research background.
Types of Biology Graduate Programs
Some Biology Graduate programs offer both MS, PhD and Certificate options. Students might want to earn a graduate degree in biology and at the same time, pursue an area of interest. Others might want to focus more exclusively on a specific category. Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, and Genetics and Genomics are three examples.
Biology Masters Programs
Most Masters in Biology programs may be completed in about two to three years of full-time study. Also, within some universities, students who pursue their MS may be able to apply these credits to a subsequent PhD program. Biology Masters programs often get students started in their research early on and build coursework around these efforts.
While topics vary from school to school, students might study the following topics while working toward their masters degree in Biology.
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Cell and developmental biology
- Immunology
- Neurobiology
- Behavior and Ethnology
- Population Biology
Certainly, one way to land on a great biology graduate program for your needs is to examine both course syllabi and research opportunities within each program. Contact an admission advisor to learn more.
Biology Masters Programs Admission Requirements
Admissions to Biology Masters programs may require a Bachelor of Science in a biological science or a related science, from an accredited school. Applicants may also need a minimum 3.0 GPA and prerequisite course credits in general biology, cell biology, molecular genetics, general chemistry, organic chemistry with laboratory, physics with laboratory; and mathematics beyond pre-calculus.
Other application material might include a personal statement, previous laboratory experience, work history and referral letters.
Masters Degree in Biology: Thesis or Non-Thesis?
Aside from coursework, students may have the option to pursue a thesis or not while earning a biology masters degree. The thesis option is often recommended for those who intend to pursue a career in research, or continue their studies at the doctoral level. Students who do not work towards a thesis may have to prepare a library research paper.
In both cases, the course of study might include biostatistics, gross anatomy, human physiology, labs, biological research. Apart from their core courses, students may be able to pursue a minor (such as business administration), or earn a masters degree in Biology with a specific track (such as neuroscience). These options may require additional classes in a given area and allow students to further tailor their biology degree.
Graduate Certificate in Biology Programs
Graduate Certificate in Biology programs are post-masters course of study that may help students refine their expertise or add-onto their credentials. For instance, a Graduate Biology Certificate might be designed for those who want to meet regional or state requirements to teach community college biology courses.
Or, a certificate may be intended to help current scientists. While they may already have an extensive background, they may need to learn specific bioinformatics (or other) skills to design experiments and analyze data. In most cases, students follow a sequence of about five or six courses (about 15 to 18 credit hours).
PhD in Biology Programs
As a terminal degree, the PhD in biology is a research-focused program. Many schools provide advanced courses and recent research in current life science disciplines. Genetics, cell and developmental biology, biochemistry, microbiology, physiology, pharmacology, molecular ecology and immunology are a few examples.
Some PhD programs may be completed in as few as four years for full-time students, although the typical completion time is five to six years.
Phd Biology Admission Requirements
Application requirements to Biology PhD programs vary. Some students enter a PhD program after they have earned a Bachelor in Biology or Chemistry. Others have masters level experience. Aside from transcripts of graduate and undergraduate coursework, GRE scores, letters of recommendation, a resume, a personal statement may be needed.
PhD in Biology Coursework and Dissertation
Most PhD in Biology programs consist of two phases: foundation coursework and dissertation research. In between, students take a comprehensive exam. In addition to classes and seminars, PhD students conduct research through their faculty's programs.
Or, their research might be in collaboration with local biotechnology, pharmaceutical or academic institutions.
Biochemistry Graduate Programs
Students who want to focus their study on topics such as gene regulation, DNA, cancer biology or hormone actions might pursue a PhD, MD/PhD or MS in Biochemistry. Biochemistry graduate programs often include degrees in Science, Math and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Developmental Biology.
Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Programs
Cell and Molecular Biology graduate programs often span PhD, MD/PhD and MS degrees. Programs in this category may provide learners with the chance to investigate molecular genetics, bacterial pathogens and vaccine development.
Also, programs often focus in on current research in neuroscience and diseases such as Alzheimer's and glaucoma.
Genetics and Genomics Graduate Programs
Genetics and Genomics graduate programs explore molecular biology and related disciplines. Students might receive a broad education in biochemistry, bioinformatics, cell biology and epigenetics. Many programs of this nature lead to a PhD, although programs in genetic counseling might offer Master of Science degrees.
Potential Careers With a Biology Degree
Biology graduate students might pursue a variety of career paths in the life sciences, dependent on the level of their education and other factors. Some students may go onto medical school. Those who want to pursue a career in independent research and development generally pursue a PhD.ii This is typically the case for postsecondary Biology teachers as well.iii
Other possible career choices might include:
- Biochemists ii
- Molecular Biology Directoriv
- Environmental Analystv
- Marine Biologistv
- Bioinformatistvi
- Clinical Molecular Genetics Laboratory Directorvii
- Medical Geneticistvii
- Microbiologistviii
Find Accredited Biology Graduate Programs
Many regionally-accredited universities offer biology graduate degrees. Some individual programs may also be approved by a professional outside agency. You can contact indivdiual graduate programs in biology to learn about their accreditation status.
GradSchools.com offers 1,310 Biology Degree Programs in Lesotho
Do you prefer the convenience of an online biology graduate program or the contact of a campus-based one? Filter your search to find schools in a city, state or county. Further refine your process by degree level – MS, PhD or Certificate. Take the next step here!
[i] onetonline.org/link/summary/25-1042.00 |[ii] bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/biochemists-and-biophysicists.htm |[iii] bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/postsecondary-teachers.htm |[iv] onetonline.org/link/summary/19-1029.02 |[v] onetonline.org/link/summary/19-1020.01 |[vi] onetonline.org/link/summary/19-1029.01 |[vii] onetonline.org/link/summary/19-1029.03 |[viii] bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/microbiologists.htm
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Eerie Evening
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Oct. 5, 2007
The schedule: The Lady Bisons, 2-7-1, 0-1-1, are back home this weekend to face a pair of A-Sun foes. Friday night USC Upstate makes its first ever soccer appearance on the Lipscomb campus. ETSU visits Sunday at 2.
The opponent: Upstate, 2-6-0, 0-2-0 has lost its last five games. Upstate is second in the A-Sun in points per game with 7.50. They are also second in goals per game with 2.75. However, they also allow 2.75 goals per game.
The last game:The Lady Bisons are coming off a 0-0 tie at Campbell. It is the first A-Sun tie for the Lady Bisons since 2003 when they played Mercer to a 0-0 tie on Oct. 24. Goalkeeper Katie Shelton made a season-high 13 saves.
Overtime success: The Lady Bisons are 0-1- 1 in overtime games this season.
The Lady Bisons 1-0 overtime win over Jackson State Sept. 11 was the first victory at Lipscomb for first-year coach Jon Ireland. It was the first victory for the women's soccer team since Sept. 3, 2006 when they beat Arkansas-Pine Bluff 6-0 on the road. It was the first home victory since a 2-1 defeat if Winthrop Sept. 9, 2004. And it was also the first overtime victory since overcoming Mercer 1-0 Oct. 31, 2002.
History makers: The Lady Bisons came back to beat Tennessee-Chattanooga on the road Sept. 14 by a 1-0 score after beating Jackson State in overtime Sept. 11. It was the first time since 2002 the Lady Bisons had won two games in a row. The Lady Bisons beat Austin Peay 1-0 on Oct. 24 and then beat Mercer 1-0 in overtime Oct. 31.
Turning a Proffitt: Freshman forward Halie Proffitt assisted on the game-winning goal by Sasha Sack against Jackson State and scored the game-winner, the first of her collegiate career, at Tennessee-Chattanooga.
Proffitt margin: Proffitt leads the team in goals and assists with two each and in points with six. She also leads in shots with 25, ninth best in the A-Sun, and in shots on goal with nine.
Youth is served: Fifteen players on the roster are either freshmen or sophomores this season. There are seven freshmen on the roster.
Shelton makes the saves:.Goalkeeper Katie Shelton was named the Atlantic Sun Defensive Player for Sept. 10-16. She is the first Lady Bisons soccer player to win a player of the week award. She is third in the A-Sun with those three shutouts. She leads the league in saves with 80 and is first in saves per game with 8.89. Shelton is eight in the conference in goals against with 1.96 allowed per game.
She is also ranked seventh in the NCAA in saves per game. She won the NCAA Saves Award last season.


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Markets Shake Off Mediocore Jobs Report
Barron's Funds Columnist Brendan Conway joins the News Hub to preview the Friday markets, saying that even though the jobs numbers came in low, the markets are up. Conway also highlights stocks he's watching in the market. Photo:Getty Images.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... the the ... we want to move now to markets to get a sense for how will markets really react ... specifically to the jobs number this morning Brendan Conway ... to give protection from them Brendan ... Rolfe ... morning morning ... markets and doing fine ... and so is the market actually ... market of justice in a job after the jobs report ... I've Dow was up about seventy points at last check ... you know ... folks are looking at fund flows particularly of notice him lots of small time investors getting into the game ... and so the fact that the market is up even though the Jahja fortress connoisseur so ... doesn't really surprise me people like stocks right now ... there's a lot of talk about the so-called creed rotation from bonds into stocks and only the one I see it but it's certain looks like there's more Reuss e painting appear okay I'd ... talk about the other three stocks in particular you're looking at St yet once interesting as Dell DELL was up about seven percent the market ... has been a lot of buyout chatter there ... Reuters is actually reporting that the buyout deal could happen as soon as Monday ... I was ... in the ... first for the CEO ... Michael Dell would be Krenicki mover ... I'm the and also on a happy for Silver Lake Partners ... Micra soft playing a role to test an interesting one was also Legg Mason ... the Legg Mason is interesting ... that stock was down a bit ... of these funds losing just talked about good for asset managers ... didn't show up for Lake last quarter ... they also still searching UCLA they cannot ... seem to settle a CEO so that stock is down ... the third one I mention the stock could really important ... the yen ... the yen has been weak for couple months now say it's down ... more than half a percent vs Dollar ... big deal ... ah for people who treat currencies that's great news for Japanese stocks think Japan adding a little


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With Super Bowl nearing, so, too, are He-Man PPK competitions
Y'all need to start getting ready. Super Bowl XLVII Weekend is nearing, and you know what that means.It means the 20th annual He-Man Punt, Pass and Kick Competition will take place at noon Feb. 3 at "The Jody Ray Sports Complex," located at 306 Strip Pit Road. The cost is $5 per person.As country singer Jim Reeves sang, "This is It." This is going to be the last one because I'm going to retire afterwards.LeFlore CountyBass Club's 2013 Season Starting This WeekendThe 2013 season for the LeFlore County Bass Club will begin Saturday as anglers will head to Grasshopper Landing on Broken Bow Lake. The first tournament will begin at 7 a.m. and end at 3 p.m. Entry fee is $40 per man.Anyone wishing to join the club can call "The Jody Ray Fishing Hotline" at (918) 649-7387.Membership dues are $30.Save the world, recycle.God bless our troops and veteransHave a great weekend.• • •Any questions or pictures, make contact with Jody Ray Adams on Facebook, on the "Jody Ray Fishing Hotline" at (918) 649-7387 or email to email@example.com.


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For the most part, NHL players have done a reasonable job in the public relations war during the lockout.
Despite the fact they're all free to talk publicly, unlike the owners, there's only been the occasional misstep.
Wednesday, Winnipeg Jets forward Evander Kane plunged off a high-rise — from about 40 floors up, judging by the photo Kane posted on his Twitter account.
What's the one image NHL players don't want to foster at a time when arena, parking and concession workers are struggling to buy Christmas presents because of the most ridiculous "labour" dispute in history?
That of being money-grubbers who are out of touch with the real world.
So what does Kane do? He tweets out a picture of him holding wads of cash high up on a hotel balcony overlooking Las Vegas, the fantasy capital of the planet.
Holding the bills as if they're a telephone, one wad to his ear, Kane may as well have said, "Look at me, I'm so rich — and you're not."
The backlash from fans came fast and furious, and soon Kane, instructed by his agent, was in damage-control mode.
Nearly impossible to reach on a slow news day, often not returning calls, Kane's agent offered up his client, Wednesday.
The tweet was taken in the wrong context, Kane said, and had nothing to do with the lockout.
At least he didn't say his account was hacked.
Players should know, though, and most of them do, that anything they say publicly these days is in the context of the lockout.
A nation mad about hockey is lightning looking for a place to strike.
Stepping out onto his high-rise balcony, Kane provided the rod.
I had already sensed an anti-player trend developing over the last several weeks as this thing dragged on. Kane just took that trend and super-charged it.
When you stop and think about it, though, all he did was reinforce the notion that players live in a bubble from which they can't identify with the rest of us.
The fact he's surprised by the reaction simply shows he doesn't have a good handle on public sentiment.
A winger without a clue.
It's no coincidence the Jets who are skating locally have been careful with what they say. They've been living the lockout with their neighbours.
It should be said, too, that Kane is just 21, and still a tad immature.
He's also the product of a society that is willing to pay high enough prices to make multi-million-dollar salaries viable.
What do we expect when we give teenagers more money than they know what to do with — for them to act like angels with it?
Unlike Jets goalie Ondrej Pavelec, convicted of drunk driving this off-season, Kane didn't put anybody's life in danger.
He simply put another dent in his own image.
So much for erasing the perception he's an entitled rich kid who likes to think he's big-time.
You may recall the Jets tried to help Kane conduct an extreme makeover last season, after his off-ice behaviour drew more and more criticism.
There were rumours of the guy walking out on restaurant bills, another suggesting the mysterious concussion that forced him to miss seven games was caused when someone slugged him at a nightclub.
At one point Kane was forced to deny reports he wanted out of Winnipeg.
Much of this and the resulting backlash from fans unfolded on social media sites, of which Kane was a regular user.
Things got so unwieldy, the Jets suggested he lay off Twitter for a while.
During the lockout, though, teams aren't even supposed to contact their players.
So Kane, left to his own devices, sends out a shot of him big-timing again.
Earth calling Evander: flaunting your cash just isn't a Winnipeg thing. We prefer low-key. Showoffs don't mix well, here.
What happened in Vegas should have stayed there.
Caption that photo!
Got a quip for Kane? Post it below!


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Park Tool Super Patch Kit (Carded)
The Super Patch Kit is comprised of a small plastic case, a piece of sandpaper for roughing up the tube and 6 peel-and-stick patches so no gluing is required. The patches stick fast thanks to 3M technology and they're thin and flexy to stretch with the tube. There's no easier way to patch a tube.
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REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
- Easy to apply
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- No glues
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Best Uses
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- Any bike
Reviewed by 3 customers
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- Easy to use
- Rugged
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Best Uses
- Road Bikes
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I've been using these patches for about five years now, and have some that have been in place for that long now. I consider these to be permanent patches (unlike some other brands of self-adhesive patches), and no longer own a cement based patch kit. I've only ever had to replace a single patch. It started leaking after about a year and a half because i had botched the job initially (didn't realize i had a double puncture, so i moved the patch after initially installing). Frankly, i'm amazed it held at all. Normally, i don't bother to use the sandpaper to rough up the intertube, but i do sometimes use an alcohol pad to clean the tube (it dries quickly). Patches go on easily. I try to keep my fingers off the adhesive, but usually i get my finger on one corner of the patch. Nonetheless, they hold well. The most difficult part is ensuring it goes on squarely, but that's not too difficult. After applying, i press firmly all over the patch for 30-40 seconds total. Then put it back in the tire, reinstall on the rim, pump it up and i'm good to go. Very quick and painless. If you're using old school cement based patches, do yourself a favor and buy a package of these.
Best Uses
- Mountain Bikes
- City Bikes
- Road Bikes
I've made 5 roadside flat repairs and 4 flat repairs for family members and all 9 flats have continued to hold air normally with the first of those flat repairs now a year and a half old. These cementless patches allow quick and easy roadside flat repairs and I'm on my way in no time. I'd never go back to messy rubber cement type patches which never held anywhere near as reliably as these cementless patches.
- Small
- No Glues
- Easy to apply
Best Uses
- Any bike
Got a few of these when they were on sale and gave a couple to friends to try out, as well as putting a couple in my own seat bag. One day I happened to hit a piece of metal that jammed into my chainstay and pinched my tube against the wheel. Poked two holes into the tube. Pulled over, took off the wheel and tire, roughed up the area and wiped it with my clean shirt (don't want to get skin oils on the rubber), then applied the patch. It stuck right on, and after rubbing and making sure it was stuck good, I reinflated and was good to ride the few more miles home. Really came through. Only problem is they're easy to lose cause they're so small! The whole box is only about 1" square. Patches are slightly smaller than that.


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Each hand-rolled stick contains a unique combination of traditional and synthetic pigments, combined to bring out their inherent beauty. Colors lay down with minimal resistance allowing several layers to accrue without becoming too thick.
Color Swatches created using heavy to light application and were applied on 100 lb (163 gsm) drawing paper material.
iron oxides
Burnt Sienna is a warm, mid-brown color formed by burning the yellow-brown limonite clay called Raw Sienna. It ranges from semi-opaque to semi-transparent due to the combination of its opaque, red-brown mass tone and its transparent, orangey undertone. It is an excellent mixing complement for blues and greens and creates salmon or peach colored tints when mixed with white. It can be useful for subduing bright colors and does not get chalky in dark mixtures.
Burnt Sienna has good permanence and is considered one of the most versatile of the permanent pigments.
Burnt Sienna has no significant hazards.
Burnt Sienna has been used as a pigment since prehistoric times, but its current name came about during the Renaissance. It comes from the city of Siena, in Italy, and is short for terra di Siena, meaning earth of Siena. Sienna was famous for the mining and production of earth pigments from the Renaissance until World War II. Due to the depletion of clay deposits in Tuscany, Italian siennas now come from other areas, including Sicily and Sardinia.
Caput Mortuum, Italian Earth, Natural Brown Iron Oxide, Sienna, Spanish Red, Vandyke Brown.
organic synthetic, quinacridone
Quinacridone Red is a high performance, transparent pigment with an average drying time and uneven dispersal. It is another name for Quinacridone Violet (PV19) and Quinacridone Red (PR192). Quinacridone pigments have relatively low tinting strength in general. For this reason, quinacridone colors are often expensive, because more pigment is required in the formulation.
Quinacridone Violet has excellent lightfastness and is considered the most lightfast organic pigment in this shade range.
Quinacridone Violet has no known acute hazards. Overexposure to quinacridone pigments may cause skin irritation. Quinicridone pigments contain a compound found to be a skin, eye, and respiratory irritant.
Although quinacridone compounds became known in the late 19th century, methods of manufacturing so as to make them practical for use as commercial pigments did not begin until the 1950s. Quinacridone pigments were first developed as coatings for the automotive industry, but were quickly adopted by artists.
Quinacridone Red (PR192), Quinacridone Red (PR19).
hydrated aluminum silicate
Slate Gray is a semi-opaque, neutral gray pigment produced from powdered slate.
Slate Gray is absolutely lightfast.
Hydrated aluminum silicate is not considered toxic, however pigment from natural sources may contain impurities.
Mineral sources of Slate Gray have been used as a colorant since prehistoric times.
Powdered Slate.
titanium dioxide
Titanium White is the most brilliant of the white pigments. It is considered an all purpose oil color useful in all techniques and the best all around white. Its masstone is neither warm nor cool, placing it somewhere between Lead White and Zinc White. It is less prone to cracking and yellowing than Lead White, but it still yellows easily. Titanium White dries slowly in oil form, more slowly than Lead White but more quickly than Zinc White. It is opaque in oil and acrylic forms and semi-opaque in watercolor form. This pigment has good chemical stability, and its tinting strength is superior to both Lead White and Zinc White.
Titanium White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.
Titanium dioxide is highly stable and is regarded as completely non-toxic. Animal studies give no indiciation that it is absorbed biologically, even after long periods of exposure. The primary safety concern is with inhalation of fine pigment dust particles. Titanium White, if inhaled in large amounts over the course of several years, may cause a benign pneumoconiosis that is visible on x-rays. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) considers fine titanium dioxide particles, if inhaled, to be a human carcinogen. The primary concern for artists is to avoid exposure to fine particulate dust from raw pigments.
Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, however mineral deposits that are economical to mine are less common. Titanium dioxide was first discovered in 1821, although it could not be mass produced until 1919. Widespread use of the pigment began in the 1940s. Since that time, it has become the most commonly used white pigment. The name comes from the Latin word Titan, the name for the elder brother of Kronos and ancestor of the Titans, and from the Greek word tito, meaning day or sun.
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Day Two: Gates Pass Throwdown
Soft-pedaling at 37mph on Sal's wheel. That may be the best vacation moment ever.
I run out of gears. Ty Lambert opens up the throttle and I am out of gears. The compact crank – a blessing and a curse. In a heartbeat, Sal comes through to my left – in the drops and grinding. I jump into his draft, duck my head and spin out while we try to stay in touch with the lead group ahead. There are 5 of them. Or maybe 4. I can't remember.
All I know is I am out of goddammed gears so I am using Sal's instead.
Arizona stretches out in front of us forever. Every few seconds I peek around him to check on our progress, which is consistently miniscule.
His rear wheel is an oasis and a miracle. A pocket full of nothingness where I sit like dead weight while he pushes 53×12 in pursuit.
We come together eventually and I sit up to catch my breath.
"Good job, Heidi" says Mr. Ty Lambert. It sounds like he means it.
Owen Gue drips of PRO-ness next to me with impossibly long gleaming legs. We're on the west side of Gates Pass, ripping out loops on roads that are smiling.
I'm tired. When the pace rises I convince myself that it will hurt more to be off the back. I find wheels and hide and suffer and stick in.
Swooping down into a rolling climb with the boys I find my legs and stand up on the pedals, dancing off the front – a move that is met with vocalized approval from Owen and Ty.
I can hear Sal respond behind me: "Dude. I think I'm about to cry. I have never seen her ride like this."
Owen Gue is rolling up his sleeves so I do the same. We chat and spin and roll.
He leads us out on Mile Wide road which turns to potholes and mayhem and adventure about a mile in. Cruising speed is 27 miles per hour but Ty reports he's only doing 60 watts. False flat and a tailwind. Wooooosh!
Too bad this is an out-and-back.
The road turns into gravel so we turn around and point our skinny tires back into the wind. Owen has the camera and shoots Sal and I riding away. The journey back is a grinding, gritty chore during which I sit obediently just to the back and left of the Shecko's wheel trying to be smaller than I am.
The wind is coming hard from the SE. Paul is in pursuit and bridges to us as we approach the stop sign that marks the next left turn.
We're out of water so we rendezvous with the van and fuel up. Three endurolytes and a calm determination to get me up the west side of Gates and we're off.
A few miles in I pop and wave Ben and Mark through to close the gap that's growing in front of me. The gruppetto gets smaller and smaller ahead of me and I plod on methodically.
This is not like before. This is not getting shelled relentlessly by a huge group of hammers. This is me finishing my ride – a really good ride – at my pace. I can hear Tina Brubaker in my head: "Ride your ride, Swift."
Ride your ride. Ride your ride.
I know the next two turns and I believe that Owen will make good on his promise to keep me from missing them. All that's left for the day is a climb up the west side of Gates Pass. A very steep but fairly short climb.
That's it.
Sal comes back to me. I make a sweeping right and see him there, sitting up, looking back at me. I bridge and pull up alongside, smiling.
"I'm fried." I say.
"Me too."
I know he's not lying. I know because we've been burning it up all day long together. I've ridden with him today for the first time ever. Until today, he was always riding with me. Today I rode with him. Legitimately.
The importance of that is not lost on me.
"Let's just ride steady." he says, "Get on my wheel."
We find Owen and Mark at the left hand turn to climb the pass and the four of us start up together. The climb rises steeply and stretches across the hillside out front. We can see the switchback ahead. The way the grade kicks up. Off to the left, way, way up ahead, the rest of our group, who'd headed back earlier, is visible.
They are red and blue and black and a little bit of pink, nestled in the crook of two mountains where the road will dump us onto the long descent back into town. Mark drops off the back a ways and Sal, Owen, and I climb rhythmically and slowly toward the waiting group.
Reaching them is a tiny triumph, followed by a gliding descent during which I attack Javad despite the fact that I only have a 50T ring on the front and he is known for his exceptional ability to go downhill in a hurry.
He counter-attacks, as I expected, and I'm dropped. Spinning out my big gear on a dry mountain road with the afternoon sun on my skin and the taste of salt on my lips.
Back at the house we tear lunch apart like starving animals and then stand in the icy pool water with beers and the kind of smiles that only 50 fast miles and 4114 feet of climbing can produce.
I could get used to this.
3 Responses to "Day Two: Gates Pass Throwdown"
I've been reading your blog since the early days – I think I've commented a couple of times. Reading this, I almost wanted to cry. And I know you've said that sports-related movies/stories/whatever usually make you cry. I'm the same way. I can't help it. Anyway, I just wanted to say that I always enjoy what you write and you make me want to get back on my bike!
Tailwinds rock!


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We all know that the housing market it in the process of recovering from what economists have called The Great Recession, but how does that affect houseboat financing? To find out, we asked Joey Gottfried, with the Intercoastal Financial Group, and he has plenty of great advice.
For starters, Gottfried suggests contacting several houseboat lenders before making a final decision on what to do. Most of the larger national marine lender sources out there use the same bank sources, so the rates will typically be the same from lender to lender. But it's always a good idea to check with a few and also with your local bank or credit union. There are some inherent advantages to choosing a lending source that specializes in houseboat financing, but occasionally your local bank or credit union will have better rates. On the rare occasion that they do, make sure it's not on a shorter term, a variable rate, or a balloon product.
Marine lenders are often members of the National Marine Bankers Association, or NMBA, and focus exclusively on figuring how best to manage loans for boats of all sizes. Look for the NMBA designation, though there are many reputable and fair marine lenders who are not members of the organization.
If you are a member of a credit union that makes boat loans, be sure to contact them. They usually have attractive rates for their members, and many are interested in making boat loans. If they have marine lending specialists on staff, they should be able to offer a competitive loan.
One of the first questions asked when looking to buy a new houseboat is what kind of down payment is required. The standard down payment for a production boat is 15 to 20 percent, but for custom-built houseboats, high performance boats, and others, expect to put down more in the neighborhood of 20 to 30 percent.
"All of the marine lenders out there have raised the bar, but houseboat loans are readily available for houseboats less than 10 years old. Loans for houseboats over 10 years old are certainly more of a challenge, but there is some exciting news on the horizon that could really impact our industry. Stay tuned!" says Gottfried. "Just ask any boat dealer or boat broker."
If you're interested in buying, it can be helpful to know of certain red flags that may appear in a credit history that will usually disqualify you from getting a loan. While a missed payment or two five years ago probably isn't enough to earn a rejection, if you have missed payments in the past two or three years, that is recent enough and will give the lender pause. Keep up on any recurring payments you make, especially those for a car, home, boat, RV, and keep your credit card debt to a minimum.
An important aspect of getting a loan is liquidity, which is how much cash you have on hand and in non-retirement investment accounts. Lenders like to know you have the long-term ability to pay off the loan. The liquidity requirement can vary from lender to lender.
When it comes to loan length (term), the standard with marine lenders is 15-20 years. Gottfried explains that most marine lenders right now are offering fixed rates in the 4.5 to 4.99 percent range on loans over $100,000, and 4.75 to 5.99 on loans under $100,000. The final rate will depend on the strength of the applicant, the age of the boat, the down payment, and what state the buyer resides in.
In addition, the interest you pay on a loan with these rates is fairly low compared to other debt you may have. Variable-rate credit card interest rates as of March of this year averaged around 14 percent, so unless you have no other debt, it is in your best interest to pay the minimum on your houseboat loan and focus on paying off the debt that is costing you much more each month in interest.
For used houseboats, there is the additional requirement of getting a marine survey, similar to a house inspection, before being approved for a loan.
Gottfried is very strong in stating that it is a great time to refinance, and that rates haven't been lower in years. Intercoastal can typically offer someone interested in refinancing a fixed rate around 4.75 to 4.99 percent on loans over $100K and in the 4.99 to 5.99 percent range on loans under $100K.
When it comes to refinancing, Gottfried can recommend a few things to keep in mind.
"First, you have to have at least 30 percent equity or pay down your balance in order to get down to a 70 percent max LTV (loan to value)," he said. "Second, you will have to provide a new survey before closing, or a survey less than six months old."
Third, he informs interested parties that they will have some closing costs, typically anywhere from $300 to $800 dollars, depending on whether the boat is already Coast Guard documented.
As a general rule, it only makes sense to refinance if you plan on keeping your boat at least another two years, and if you are able to secure a rate at least one percent lower than where it's at now.
"For example, if you are currently at 5.99 percent or higher and plan on keeping the boat at least another two years, then it will probably make sense to refinance," Gottfried explained.
Marine Financial service companies are a good option, as they maintain relationships with local, regional, and national lenders, giving them broad access to finance programs. They are experts in the marine lending field, and many are members of the National Marine Bankers Association. You will see their advertisements in boating publications, so call for rates and terms and get an idea of anticipated application turn around and funding time.
In the end, Gottfried suggests you focus your search on long-term, established marine lenders who know how to navigate the world of houseboat loans. To contact Joey Gottfried with the Intercoastal Financial Group, visit www.houseboatfinancing.com or call 678-523-7350.
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This is an attack against a significant other by the male of the relationship. This attack usually occurs after the male is denied sex for more than 48hrs. This occurs after said female goes to sleep and consits of an ejaculation to the hair.
by Striker78 January 01, 2011
This occurs when your 'victim' is taking a shower. This generally works better if the victim leaves the door unlocked. Act as if you are entering the bathroom to take a leak, brush your teeth, grab some mouthwash, etc. This will not work if you have a clear see through shower curtain. Grab a cat and get it so that it is very angry. Enter the bathroom with the angry cat, yell "NAPALM STRIKE!!!" and toss the cat over top of the shower curtain.
Johnny never locked the door when he took a shower. I thought I'd teach him a lesson by dropping a Napalm Strike. Ever since then, Johnny has locked the door when he showers.
by Hi-Ya Zip January 26, 2014


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Pleasures Delight by Estee Lauder 3.4 oz EDP UBOX for Women
Item No.: 8021 UPC: 027131576860
|Item No.: 8021
Low Stock availablePleasures Delight by Estee Lauder 3.4 oz / 100 ml Eau De Parfum spray UNBOX for women. Pleasures Delight by Estee Lauder is classified as a floral fruity gourmand fragrance for women, there is more caramel and vanilla in this scent than in the original. Top notes are pomegranate, freesia and wild strawberry; middle notes are lily, peony, heliotrope and lily-of-the-valley; base notes are patchouli, marshmallow, vanilla, caramel and rose.


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Tell It Not In Gath
Because of the limited schooling available to black children, Maria and William Martin move from their small sharecropper farm to a large, southern city to allow their two sons to receive an education during the great depression. While illiterate William struggles to find sufficient work, Maria is able to supplement the family income with washing and doing domestic chores. Sam, the younger son, is obsessed with bettering himself and succeedi...