text: The youngest state in Mexico, Quintana Roo remained sparsely populated until the late 20th century when it burst onto the scene as one of Mexico's top vacation getaways. It's home to both Mayan ruins and resort areas like Cancun, Cozumel and Playa del Carmen. Despite the substantial growth in tourism, Quintana Roo contributes just 1.34 percent of the national gross domestic product, ranking it at 24 among 31 states. Tourism accounts for 91 percent of the state's economy. After tourism, the most significant industries are agriculture, livestock, forestry, beekeeping and fishing.


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I swear, the Boston Globe's Big Picture feature is an absolute treasure. Be sure to check out #11 and #25. Too cool.
22 December 2008
Posted by shadowfax at 9:36 PM
3 comments:
Pictures like this just confirm my thoughts that I'd sign off my firstborn child for the chance to go into space. I'd prefer it to be on a Saturn V, but I'll take a Space Shuttle too.ReplyDelete
I just keep going back and finding even more awesome pictures.ReplyDelete
My husband is another person who would go into space, regardless.
- Anonymous12/23/2008 11:33 AM
I just saw it, when was it last week?ReplyDelete
It is really a lot smaller than I thought, well, compared to the 747, it is.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Energems - Delicious Energy Made With Real Milk Chocolate
Description: Are you looking for a better way to energy this year? Let me introduce you to Energems, an innovative bite-sized energy supplement made with real milk chocolate. Energems "hits" the sweet spot by providing the taste of chocolate and a special blend of B-vitamins and caffeine to give you the boost you need without the jittery feeling. -Unlike other energy drinks, Energems comes in a convenient portable box that allows you to control when, where and how much energy you need. -Each delicious gem is only 15 calories to help maintain your weight and keep that ever so popular New Years resolution! -Energems taste really, really good. -Three gems is the equivalent to a strong cup of coffee, without the mess, cost, and calories of coffee. It's almost too easy to achieve your ultimate performance and dominate whatever your doing, thanks to Energems! Think of these bad boys as oversized M&Ms with a punch!
Price: $2.99


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Breaking News
Katie Holmes and Suri Cruise got trashed last night -- their Mercedes-Benz limousine was sideswiped by a giant garbage truck in New York City.
Cops say Tom Cruise's daughter and soon-to-be-ex-wife were not hurt when the truck scraped the left rear fender of their Mercedes. We're told Katie and Suri's driver was the only other person in the car.
The accident happened on 33rd Street -- not far from Chelsea Piers ... where Katie had just picked up Suri from a gymnastics lesson.
Cops tell us no one was cited, and there was only minor damage. Both parties exchanged info ... and went on their way.


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Transform your photos into one-of-a-kind, hand painted masterpieces!
Ladies View, Killarney, Co Kerry by The Irish Image Collection - 20.000" x 6.375"
Glossy Finish Canvas
Gallery Wrap Stretched Canvas Print - 1.5" Stretcher Bars - Mirrored Image Sides
Assembly Charge
Canvas Print
Ladies View, Killarney, Co Kerry canvas print by The Irish Image Collection . Bring your artwork to life with the texture and depth of a stretched canvas print. Your image gets printed onto one of our premium canvases and then stretched on a wooden frame of 1.5" x 1.5" stretcher bars (gallery wrap) or 5/8" x 5/8" stretcher bars (museum wrap). Your canvas print will be delivered to you "ready to hang" with pre-attached hanging wire, mounting hooks, and nails.
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Corner Detail: Stretched canvas print with 1.5" stretcher bars and mirrored image sides. Also available with black sides, whites sides, and 5/8" stretcher bars.
Bring your artwork to life with the texture and depth of a stretched canvas print. Your image gets printed on one of our premium canvases and then stretched on a wooden frame of 1.5" x 1.5" stretcher bars (gallery wrap) or 5/8" x 5/8" stretcher bars (museum wrap). All stretched canvases ship within 3 - 4 business days and arrive "ready to hang" with pre-attached hanging wire, mounting hooks, and nails.
Stretched canvas prints look beautiful with or without frames.
Fine Art America is one of the largest, most-respected giclee printing companies in the world with over 40 years of experience producing museum-quality prints. All of our prints are produced on state-of-the-art, professional-grade Epson printers. We use acid-free papers and canvases with archival inks to guarantee that your prints last a lifetime without fading or loss of color.
Average Rating (5 Stars):
Kory Hopkins
February 19th, 2019
I have to split my rating into 2 categories, the image itself is beautiful and would be deserving of 4 stars. There are other issues that after I informed Finartamerica of was told were entirely the domain of the supplying artist, and these things deserve a zero star rating. There are two issues: the first is what appears to be a drop shadow effect being placed around the printed image. When viewed from any further back than 10-12" it gives the appearance of a blurred edge along two sides of the image, in contrast to the crisp edge on the opposite sides. The second issue appears to be a matter of poor cutting of the production sheets, or a misalignment of the image. As you can see in the attached exhibit, a repeat of the image is printed on one side (and only one side), along the outside edge of the canvas frame. I went back to the order page and did find a similar repeat on one of the virtual views of the print. I would have thought this to be a glitch in the way your site displays the images, I would have never guessed in a million years that you would ship something like that and expect your customer to pay $250 for it. I was offered the option to destroy the print and receive a refund, now I'm stuck in a difficult situation because I really like the image. I may end up getting it matted (to hide the blurred edge shadow effect) and framed (to hide the ridiculous image repeat along the outside edge). As we recently came back from Ecuador there is a lot of sentimental memory tied to this, being one of the few landscape painting of Quito I could find that goes well in our house. Otherwise, I'd take the money back.
Mark Patrick
February 19th, 2019
This is our second beautiful canvas print from Ned Schuchter. If we had the appropriate spaces we'd buy everything he paints. His skill,imagination and attention to the smallest intricate details give us pleasure every day. Thank you Mr Schuchter! As always the delivery and quality from Fine art America are perfect.
Ladies View, Killarney, Co Kerry, Ireland Mist Over An Irish Landscape
Our return policy is very simple:
If you're not happy with a purchase that you made on FineArtAmerica.com, for any reason, you can return it to us within 30 days of the order date. As soon as it arrives, we'll issue a full refund for the entire purchase price. Please note - Fine Art America does not reimburse the outgoing or return shipping charges unless the return is due to a defect in quality.
Fine Art America sells thousands of pieces of artwork each month - all with a 100% money-back guarantee. We take great pride in the fact that hundreds of thousands of artists have chosen Fine Art America to fulfill their orders, and we look forward to helping you select your next piece!
All canvas prints ship from our production facility within 2 - 3 business days of your order.


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Compare lenses
Select up to three lenses for comparison, then select a camera for each lens.
View comparison selection
Update comparison view
You can add more lenses to your selection by clicking here or from the list below. Select up to 3 lenses and update your comparison view.
Scores and measurements are available only for tested lenses. For preview lenses, you can compare their specs.


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Have you ever wondered what the yummiest shemale dolls do when they are alone in their snug little bedrooms?
Grooby Archives
shows that the answer is pretty clear – these kitties just get their cams set and start the action! One look at their yummy firm butts, massive knockers and huge XXL-sized peckers will be enough to fall in love! And when one of these 2,000 cuties starts working over her huge dong – you will get burnt with desire!
Click Here to Enter Grooby Archives


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Endocrinology provides specialized healthcare services through the Anna and Max Webb and Family Diabetes Outpatient Treatment and Education Center, Carcinoid and Neuroendocrine Tumor Center, and Pituitary Center. Increasingly more Americans are affected by diabetes, osteoporosis and other endocrine-related disorders every day. Our multidisciplinary team of endocrinology experts provides state-of-the-art resources to diagnose and treat endocrine disorders which include services ranging from patient support groups and education to innovative research and treatment.
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Anna and Max Webb and Family Diabetes Center
Diabetes is a health problem of epidemic proportions, a disease for which we have yet to find a cure. While the statistics are alarming, and the public health toll staggering, great progress is being made in research labs at Cedars-Sinai and worldwide.Read More
Featured Research
Zebrafish Pituitary Research
Cedars-Sinai endocrinologist Ning-Ai Liu, MD, PhD, has devoted the last eight years of her career to studying the zerbrafish pituitary gland. Her research, using the tiny striped freshwater fish could lead to the development of therapeutic drugs for treatment of human pituitary hormonal dysfunctions, cancer, and Cushing's disease.Read Full Story


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(c) Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield MA. All rights reserved.
Contact us for information about using this image.
Edward Wirt did not realize it when he wrote this letter, but he would soon be coming home. It was standard for units to be reviewed by the U.S. supreme commander, Gen. John Pershing, before they left France. By June, Wirt's division, the 6th, would return to the U.S. aboard the Leviathan, a converted luxury liner. Soon after, most of its soldiers, especially the draftees like Wirt, were discharged from the army. At the end of June, 1919, all the major powers signed the Versailles Treaty. It officially ended the World War. But although the treaty was intended, in the words of President Woodrow Wilson, to end "the war to end all wars," in fact its provisions created more problems. Only fourteen years later, Adolph Hitler was named Chancellor of Germany.
There are ninety letters from Mr. Wirt to Miss Bartlett in the PVMA collection; twelve of them are reproduced here.
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WWI letter to Emily Gladys Bartlett
Y.M.C.A., East Deerfield, Mass.
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text:
Yo Wants to Know
by Lea and Alan Daniel
"These shoes are getting too small," says Mom.
"Shoes don't get small," says Yo. "Feet get big."
"They sure do," says Mom. "When you were born, your feet were tiny, just like the rest of you."
"But I grew fast," says Yo.
"In this picture I'm bigger," says Yo, "and I can sit up."
"It wasn't long before you learned to crawl," says Mom.
"Then, on your first birthday, you took your first steps."
"Hey!" exclaims Yo. "My red car. Now I can hardly squeeze into it."
"It was a perfect size when you were two," says Mom.
"Find a picture where I'm three," says Yo.
"Here's one," says Mom. "You and Lips trying to skate."
"And here you are last summer," says Mom. "You're right, Yo. You do grow fast."
"I think I'm going to grow and grow until I'm a giant," says Yo.
"Oh dear," says Mom, "then I'll have to find giant shoes."
"Giant orange shoes," says Yo.
- Yo gets a lot of sleep and eats the right kinds of food. How can you tell?
[anno: You can tell that Yo gets a lot of sleep and eats the right kinds of food because he grows a lot every year.]
- What kind of exercise do the pictures show Yo doing?
[anno: The pictures show Yo crawling, ice skating, and raking the leaves.]


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Elementary Seasons 1-4 DVD Special Features
Actors: Jonny Lee Miller, Lucy Liu, Jon Michael Hill, Aidan QuinnFormat: Multiple Formats, Box set, Color, Subtitled, Widescreen, NTSCLanguage: EnglishSubtitles: English, Portuguese, SpanishRegion: Region FreeAspect Ratio: 1.85:1Number of discs: 32Rated: NR (Not Rated)Studio: ParamountDVD Release Date: 2015
Elementary Seasons 1-4 DVD Photos
Watson has no choice but to accompany her irascible new charge on his jobs.The two must find a way to get past their difficulties and work together while finding the murderer, a skilled hit man.Sherlock's assistant, Kitty, threatens a double homicide investigation when she gives into her envy after witnessing how well Holmes and Watson work together.Mathematician Harlan Emple (Rich Sommer, "Solve for X") comes across a dead body packed in mothballs while participating in a "math hunt", a number game with a puzzle involving Belphegor's prime. When another body is found, it's believed that the game is intended to be a death trap for mathematicians. Meanwhile, Joan tries to convince Kitty, who was a rape victim, to join a support group.Following his fall from grace in London and a stint in rehab, an eccentric modern Sherlock Holmes relocates to Manhattan, where his wealthy father forces him to live with a sober companion, Dr. Joan Watson. Formerly a successful surgeon until she lost a patient,Elementary Seasons 1-4 Watson views her current job as another opportunity to help people. However, Sherlock is nothing like her previous clients. He informs her that none of her expertise as an addiction specialist applies to him and that he has devised his own post-rehab regimen


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It wasn't pretty. But it was a win. I said before the game that it was a must win game. A loss would have sent the Cowboys into the toughest three game stretch in their schedule at 2-4. Instead they are treading water at 3-3. But if the Cowboys can find a way to repeat their performance against the Giants they will find themselves right back in the thick of things in the NFC East.
The Cowboys really missed DeMarco Murray. Felix Jones and Phillip Tanner did their best to fill the void but there is a big difference between the tough running of Murray and the two backups. I was impressed with the way Jones and Tanner were running hard the whole game but they don't get the extra 2-3 yards at the end of the run that Murray always seems to get.
The defense was ok. Not good. Just ok. They managed to contain Cam Newton who was desperate to get his rhythm back from last season. Newton had a few nice runs and a couple of big pass plays, but the Cowboys didn't let him take over the game. The Morris Claiborne interception in the end zone was a huge play. It wasn't really a great play by Claiborne as much as it was a great play by the defensive line to get pressure in Newton's face to force a bad throw. But the turnover kept points off the board for the Panthers.
The pass rush was pretty decent for the most part. And the best part about the pass rush was the fact that Anthony Spencer stepped up with a big sack as the Panthers were in desperation mode at the end of the game. Demarcus Ware and Jason Hatcher split a sack. Two sacks doesn't sound like much but the Cowboys kept Newton from getting really comfortable in the pocket all game long.
The offensive line was decent. Unfortunately Phil Costa went down with what appeared to be a serious injury. Now the word is that it is just an ankle sprain so we can at least hope he'll be back this season. The penalties were greatly reduced on the line so that was obviously a huge improvement. But there wasn't a big push from the line in the running game. Tony Romo was protected pretty well throughout the game and didn't get sacked at all.
Romo played an ok game. He was lucky to avoid an interception on one play but was very good protecting the ball besides that one. He missed Miles Austin on an easy touchdown early in the game but threw a beautiful pass to Austin in the second half to make up for it. Romo seemed much more settled in this game than he has looked in the last few games.
The wide receivers all had their problems. Miles Austin failed to protect the ball as the Cowboys were driving for a potential 10-0 lead. Kevin Ogletree is just terrible. He missed at least one route adjustment and had another drop. Dez Bryant dropped a touchdown pass that would have given the Cowboys a much more comfortable lead and instead they had to settle for a field goal. Dez also made a boneheaded play and got called for a personal foul on a punt return.
I have some big questions about whether Jason Garrett trusts his offense
in critical moments since he once again settled for a long field goal
when the Cowboys had a chance to go for the jugular. On one hand I understand wanting to be sure you have an easy field goal for the lead. On the other hand a field goal only gave the Cowboys a 2 point lead and put the game in doubt. You can say he trusts his defense but I really think it is a lack of faith that the offense won't commit a penalty or turnover in critical moments.
Sean Lee went out with a toe injury but says he expects to be back next week. I sure hope so because the Cowboys will need him against the Giants. The Giants seem to have found their groove so the Cowboys will need all hands on deck. I haven't heard an update on Murray for next week but hopefully he can get back on the field as well.
The Cowboys played just ok basically across the board in this game. That won't be enough next week. But I'll never complain about a win.
Sunday, October 21, 2012
A Win is a Win
Posted by romo2witten at 9:56 PM
4 comments:
- AnonymousOctober 24, 2012 at 1:24 PM
Sean Lee out for the year! :( Noooooo...i hope Murray is back and the defense gets in Eli's face early and often. We cant have Cruz dancing again!Go Cowboys!ReplyDelete
Eric F
- AnonymousOctober 24, 2012 at 2:08 PM
Giants 31 Cowboys 16.Its gonna hurt...hope I am wrongReplyDelete
- AnonymousOctober 24, 2012 at 6:54 PM
Yeah, I hate to agree but this is a different Giants team than the one that they played in week one. And this is a different Cowboys team as well. They seem to be moving in opposite directions. I'm holding out hope that they play up to their potential and upset the Giants but I'm still picking the Giants to win this 24-17.ReplyDelete
I found this is an informative and interesting post so i think so it is very useful and knowledgeable.ReplyDelete
Eric Dallas Tanner
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|Other Position:
|Defensive Coordinator/Defensive Line
|Alma Mater:
|Youngstown State
|Graduating Year:
Carl Pelini enters his fourth season on his brother's Nebraska coaching staff in 2011, serving as defensive coordinator. Under Pelini's guidance, Nebraska ranked among the nation's top defenses in both 2009 and 2010.
In his first three seasons, Pelini has played a leading role in a dramatic resurgence for the Husker defense. After being one of the nation's most improved defenses in 2008, Nebraska has featured a dominant defensive unit under Pelini's direction the past two seasons. Pelini's role has been recognized, as he has been a nominee for the Frank Broyles Assistant Coach Award each of the past two years. When combining stats from the past two seasons, NU's defense ranks in the top seven nationally in total defense, scoring defense and passing yards allowed and tops in the nation in pass efficiency defense.
The 2010 Blackshirts finished 11th nationally in total defense and ranked in the top 10 in pass efficiency defense (3rd), passing yards allowed (5th) and scoring (9th). After leading the nation in scoring defense and pass efficiency defense in 2009, the 2010 unit achieved its lofty rankings despite losing three starters who were selected in the first four rounds of the 2010 NFL Draft.
Pelini produced a first-round draft pick for the second straight year when Prince Amukamara was the 19th overall player selected in the 2011 NFL Draft. Amukamara was also the 2010 Big 12 Defensive Player of the Year, marking the second straight season a Husker took home the honor. Linebacker Lavonte David was named Big 12 Newcomer of the Year, while a league-high five Huskers were first-team All-Big 12 selections. Two more earned second-team accolades and two others were honorable-mention picks. Nationally, four Blackshirts were named first- or second-team All-Americans by at least one organization.
The 2009 Huskers led the nation in scoring defense, pass efficiency defense and red zone defense, while also ranking in the top 10 nationally in sacks, rushing defense and total defense. The Huskers surrendered just 10.4 points per game, posted two shutouts and allowed only two opponents to reach 20 points. Pelini's defense led the nation by holding eight opponents to 10 or fewer points, including seven in single digits.
Nebraska allowed only 14 offensive touchdowns during the 2009 season, as six opponents failed to score an offensive touchdown. The Blackshirts also forced 28 turnovers, scored two defensive touchdowns and produced 80 points off turnovers. The Huskers allowed just 272.0 yards per game to rank seventh nationally and second in the Big 12. Its total defensive average was the best for NU in a decade. Each of the Huskers' 14 opponents failed to reach their season average in points and only one foe reached its average in total offense.
Several individuals set school records in 2009. Defensive tackle Ndamukong Suh was the second overall pick in the 2010 NFL Draft after being named a Heisman Trophy finalist and the winner of the Associated Press National Player of the Year, Bronko Nagurski Trophy, Rotary Lombardi Award, Outland Trophy and the Chuck Bednarik Award. Suh moved up to second place on the NU career chart in tackles for loss, including a school-record tying seven TFL in the Big 12 Championship Game. Defensive tackle Jared Crick set the school record with 5.0 sacks at Baylor, while safety Matt O'Hanlon intercepted a school-record tying three passes against Oklahoma.
In Pelini's first season in 2008, the Nebraska defense finished second in the Big 12 in total defense and ranked among the top 25 nationally in rushing defense. In the process, NU allowed 127 fewer yards per game than in 2007.
Pelini joined the NU staff after three seasons on Frank Solich's coaching staff at Ohio University. Pelini previously served as the Huskers' defensive graduate assistant in 2003, when Bo Pelini was the defensive coordinator. Carl Pelini worked with the defensive line, helping NU rank second nationally in scoring defense and takeaways and 11th in total defense.
Following his one season with the Huskers, Pelini spent 2004 as the defensive coordinator and secondary coach at Minnesota State Mankato, under head coach Jeff Jamrog, a former Husker player and assistant coach. Pelini helped the Mavericks to a 6-5 record after a winless season the previous year.
After one season in Mankato, Pelini was hired to coach the defensive line at Ohio University. He played a vital role in helping the Bobcats turn around their football program, including a nine-win season and bowl game in 2006. Those marks were firsts for the school since the 1968 campaign. The Bobcat defense then continued the turnaround the following season, ranking in the top 30 nationally in scoring and total defense in 2007.
Pelini was the head coach at Fitch High School in Austintown, Ohio, from 2000 to 2002. Pelini rebuilt a program that had not had a winning season for eight years before his arrival, culminating with a 6-4 record in 2002. Pelini previously was the head coach and athletic director at Winnetonka High School in Kansas City, Mo., from 1996 to 2000, and also served as the defensive coordinator at Blue Valley High School in Overland Park, Kan.
Pelini played two seasons at Columbia University, before transferring to Youngstown State, where he completed his undergraduate degree work in 1989. He was a defensive graduate assistant on Bill Snyder's staff at Kansas State over the 1989 and 1990 seasons, then served as a restricted earnings coach in 1991.
Pelini earned his bachelor's degree in English literature from Youngstown State in 1989. He added a master's degree in journalism from Kansas State in 1991 and a master's in education from Ohio State University in 1993.
Carl and his wife, Kelley, are the parents of three children, Nicole, Danielle and Dominic.
The Pelini File
Date and Place of Birth: July 15, 1965
Family: Wife, Kelley, Daughters, Nicole, Danielle; son, Dominic
Education: Bachelor's, English literature, Youngstown State, 1989; Master's in journalism, Kansas State, 1991; Master's in education, Ohio State, 1993.
Playing Experience: 1983-84, Columbia
Coaching Experience: 1987-88, Cardinal Mooney High School, Youngstown Ohio (assistant coach); 1989-90, Kansas State (graduate assistant); 1991, Kansas State (restricted earnings coach); 1993-94, Blue Valley High School, Overland Park, Kan. (assistant coach/defensive coordinator); 1995-99, Winnetonka High School, Kansas City, Mo. (head coach, athletic director); 2000-02, Fitch High School, Austintown, Ohio (head coach); 2003, Nebraska (graduate assistant/defense); 2004, Minnesota State (assistant coach/defensive coordinator, secondary); 2005-07, Ohio (assistant coach/defensive line); 2008-present, Nebraska (assistant coach/defensive coordinator).


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.Classified ads are not allowed on the forum.
I don't remember the Hurst numbers required off the top of my head. But you did not have to cut the tunnel. 7's and 8's use the same stock shifter hole for auto and manual trannys.
Quote from: Sauron327 on July 19, 2011, 01:06:50 PMI don't remember the Hurst numbers required off the top of my head. But you did not have to cut the tunnel. 7's and 8's use the same stock shifter hole for auto and manual trannys.I double checked with Ricks and I had purchased the correct Hurst kit for 67-68.If I would have ordered the Muncie Shifter kit no cutting would be required. I can still center the boot so it looks like its in the stock location. Either way its done now.
I saw your other thread. The bracket part that you linked in the other thread (that Heartbeat City is selling) works ONLY for the OEM '69 Hurst shifter - not for the aftermarket Hurst shifter. The shifter you have now is probably for a "universal" application and it is causing you fitment issues. I just did some checking and the shifter parts availabillity situation has gotten bad. Hurst has combined kits and eliminated many of the parts you used to be able to buy individually. It just isn't 1968 anymore. -Mark.
Mike,Do you have "studs and nuts" holding the 3 shifter levers on the side of the transmission or are they all held on with bolts? The bolt-on levers style was a '69 and up Muncie setup and the studs and nuts was the 68 and earlier style. If you have the studs and nuts, the '68 Camaro Hurst shifter may be right for you. If you have the bolt-on levers the '69 Hurst setup is what you want. The kits have changed a little recently and the stuff they are selling today is much more "universal fit". The Big Block shifter mounting bracket used to be different from the small block mounting bracket and the linkage was all different. I have no idea how well they fit now.Hurst has made it "easy" for people in a bad way. It's a shame. -Mark.
Mike,One last thing to verify - Check the tailhousing casting number. It should be the 3857584 that fits the 27 spline output shaft and 5 threadded holes where the shifter attaches. 1970 and up used a different tail housing with only 3 shifter mounting holes (totaly different hole pattern) and a bigger output shaft. If it is the right '69 and earlier casting number on the tailhousing you want the '69 Camaro Hurst Competition Plus kit and it should all go together fine. That is the only kit that will work. Hurst used to have separate install kits for BB and SB but that has changed recently. The original '69 Camaro kit required customers to re-use the original application specific GM shifter mounting bracket. Most other applications used a Hurst supplied universal bracket. At some point in time Hurst began including a 2-piece shifter mounting bracket assembly in the '69 Camaro kits. I think I have one of those 2-piece brackets out in my spare parts bin. It should be interesting to see what they supply these days because it looks like they cover BB and SB in the same kit.-Mark.
Not only do the correct mounts move it over to the right they also move it foward as a big block it about one inch foward. you may still need a longer driveshaft
Nice looking car Mike...Off topic to some degree I grant you, but could you relate what the dimensions of your TT II's are - dia/offset/backspacing etc. and what your tire sizes as pictured are for my info, as I would like to get a similar second set of wheels and tires soon and whether or not you have any rubbing or issues with them rubbing or hitting anything on tight turns or bumps when driving with your set up?Also the steering wheel you have looks like a Grant or ?? other make. Is it a smaller diameter than the original OEM type or does it fit with the same dimensions as an original wheel?Any info you care to share is much appreciated - Randy


text: The Linc Lab participated in the Science Workshop for High School and Technical School, presenting the research departments dealt with the laboratory. The presentation took place at the University of Cyprus Saturday, March 9, 2013. It was attended by 108 students and 5 teachers escorts. The students came from high schools (Public and Private) Schools and from almost all districts of Cyprus.


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Canoe Forest Products sells to Downie Street Owners
Revelstoke Mayor David Raven was thrilled to report that the Gorman family, owners of the Downie Street Sawmills, have completed their purchase of the Canoe Forest Products Mill near Salmon Arm. "This is excellent news for Revelstoke for many reasons," said Raven. The result? More timber supply for Revelstoke; it also means a likely closure of parts of the operations in the Salmon Arm area.
City, CSRD flat footed on Begbie Bench
City Hall and the CSRD Area B director Loni Parker were playing catch up on Stella-Jones' plans to log in the Begbie Bench area (see page 1 for more). Despite the fact that the Times Review published a story on the plans in May of this year, both seemed caught on the back foot last week. Loni Parker mounted a last-minute campaign to oppose the logging, while the city's economic development department red-flagged the plans over conflict with recreation values. City council decided to monitor the situation.
If you heard about this issue months ago and wanted local government attention, would you know what to do? Letters to council are increasingly becoming a lost art, which is unfortunate. Just send an email addressed to Revelstoke City Council to City Hall expressing your view on an issue and ask for action. You may not get what you want, but it will force their hand on the matter.
Transportation Ministry wants travellers to drive past Revelstoke?
Well, that's the impression the city's planning department has of a Ministry of Transportation plan for the Trans-Canada at Revelstoke. City planning director John Guenther explained the city is not happy with the Ministry's proposal, so they've been sitting on it for months. The problem? It's a big, efficient concrete thing that focuses on moving vehicles past here quickly – which isn't ideal from a tourism perspective. The plan is still on the planning director's desk. It won't likely surface until the city's Transportation Plan gets going again early next year – after the new engineering director gets a look.
Petro-Canada plans include 50-seat restaurant
City planning director John Guenther reports the old Petro Canada site at the highway is scheduled to be redeveloped in the spring, with three gas bars and a 50-seat restaurant.
Hotel traffic assessed
Word from the planning department is the consultants who visited recently to assess visitor traffic potential for a proposed hotel at the Revelstoke Crossing went away with positive numbers.
Illegal rentals, secondary suites, vacation rentals meeting
The city will host a pretty broad-ranging meeting on vacation rentals, secondary suites, renovations, illegal suites on Dec. 5 from 7–9:30 p.m. at the community centre. It's for people interested in renovating, putting in a suite, starting a bed & breakfast or dealing with illegal suite issues.
Unified Development Bylaw update
The Unified Development Bylaw should be back for council review sometime in the new year. It's much delayed, mostly because it came back from the consultant too Americanized, city planning director John Guenther told the Times Review. City staff have been working to adjust it and make it more appropriate for debate. I did a double-take when Guenther told a recent Planning, Building & Bylaw Committee meeting, but apparently there's a possibility the UDB might not get adopted at all. It requires lots of sign-offs from various departments and authorities. Compound this with the fact the UDB is being pioneered in Canada here in Revelstoke. The result is it's not a done deal.
ICSP open house
The Integrated Community Sustainability Plan process garnered 797 responses on their recent community survey. That's a lot. The big public input session is Tuesday, Nov. 27 at the Community Centre from 4–9 p.m.
Free transit rides
The city will let you ride the Revelstoke Transit Service buses for free from Dec. 10–31. The new three-route bus system starts on Dec. 10. The idea is to promote the new system.
Wino licence extension okayed
Council has okayed a request from Wino Wine Bar at RMR to extend their liquor licence hours to 2 a.m., adding one- or two-hours onto the licence depending on the day of the week. The consultation process saw next to no public feedback. The city doesn't have final say, but their endorsement means a great deal to provincial liquor regulators who do decide.
Kovach Park seniors recreation equipment coming
Kovach Park is set to get several workout stations designed for seniors, provided the city's successful in landing a $20,000 grant from UBCM. City Parks, Recreation & Culture director Laurie Donato told council the total price tag will be about $60,000, and a private donation is also expected. A new washroom facility for the park is on the city's capital plan for 2013, but that depends on the budget process.
Parks department installing $45,000 booking system
Signing up for yoga class or swimming lessons? The city's parks & rec department is installing a new online booking system called ActiveNet that will streamline the booking process. It's not the same system that was shot down in the 2011 budget process. That system cost $75,000. "The software will really streamline the administration process at the RCC front desk," Donato said. "It will also allow us to process on line registrations."
The city is installing a fibre-optic line at the community centre, which will enable the new system.
$3.5 million affordable housing deal almost done
City council signed over $96,000 to the Revelstoke Community Housing Society (RCHS) to help fund a $3.5 million affordable rental housing project on the Bridge Creek Properties on Oscar Street. The RCHS is applying for $2 million from BC Housing at the Columbia Basin Trust to develop the $3.5 million project.
The city money comes from an affordable housing fund. The city is also donating land with an estimated $750,000 value for the project.
City economic development director Alan Mason told city council the application for grant funding would be completed last week.


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Shoulder and Elbow
Chronic Glenohumeral Dislocation: Anterior and Posterior
The Problem
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Imaging
- Management
Indications for Surgery
- Surgical Technique
Pearls and Pitfalls of Technique
Potential Complications
Post–operative Rehabilitation
Outcomes/Evidence in the Literature
The Problem
Chronic glenohumeral dislocations represent a therapeutic challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon. Patients with a chronic glenohumeral dislocation often present with a complex combination of pathologic findings, all of which impact the treatment strategy and ultimate prognosis. These include injuries to the humeral head articular surface, the glenoid, the rotator cuff, and the capsulolabral structures. The direction of dislocation and the duration are also important considerations. Due to the diversity of presentation of patients with these injuries, a wide array of treatment options exist. A systematic approach to the evaluation of these patients is essential in order to develop the optimal treatment strategy that will address all relevant pathoanatomy and provide a high likelihood of a successful outcome.
Clinical Presentation
A systemic approach to the management of chronic glenohumeral dislocations requires a consistent definition of terms. A chronic dislocation is defined as one that is not recognized at the time of the acute injury, and thus one for which treatment is delayed. This broad definition has proven more useful than an arbitrary objective definition based on number of weeks or months since the dislocation occurred.
Of all reported chronic dislocations, approximately 40% are anterior, and 60% are posterior; however, this may not reflect the true incidence of these injuries. In the acute setting, anterior dislocations are far more common, while posterior dislocations account for only 4-5% of all cases. However, up to 80% of these cases may be missed on initial presentation, which may explain the increased incidence of posterior dislocations in the chronic setting.
Anterior dislocations most commonly result from traumatic injury with the shoulder in the abducted, externally rotated position. In contrast, although posterior dislocations can also occur following a fall, they often occur in association with electric shock or seizure, metabolic abnormality, or alcohol withdrawal. As a result of these mechanisms approximately 15% of patients present with bilateral posterior dislocations. Due to the higher energy nature of these injuries, chronic glenohumeral dislocations may present with an associated fracture of the greater or lesser tuberosity, surgical neck or articular surface. Other associated fractures may have occurred at the time of the acute injury, including fractures of the coracoid or acromion. Associated neurologic injury is far more common with anterior than posterior dislocations, and more common in the acute versus chronic setting. The axillary and suprascapular nerves are the most commonly involved. In general, however, these nerve injuries may have resolved by the time a patient with a chronic dislocation presents for evaluation.
A detailed history is a critical element of a comprehensive evaluation. The patient's age, hand-dominance, occupation, and activity level should be documented. The history should include a discussion of the mechanism of injury. Recent history of trauma, seizure activity, or electric shock should be asked specifically. Timing of the injury is important in the development of an appropriate treatment plan. The patient may describe a previous incomplete evaluation of an earlier injury, perhaps with inadequate radiographs. Often, the patient may have been treated for an alternative diagnosis, including bursitis, tendonitis, or frozen shoulder. These patients may then have been referred to physical therapy, with the diagnosis of a chronic dislocation discovered only after they plateau with regard to recovery of their range of motion.
Inspection of a patient with a chronic dislocation reveals a characteristic asymmetry depending on the direction of dislocation. Chronic anterior dislocations demonstrate an anterior fullness, flattening of the posterolateral aspect of the shoulder, prominence of the posterolateral acromion, and a void overlying the glenoid vault. The humeral head can be palpated anteriorly. In contrast, posterior dislocations demonstrate a posterior fullness and flattening of the anterolateral shoulder, with prominence of the anterolateral acromion and coracoid. The humeral head can be palpated posteriorly. In chronic dislocations, this asymmetry is often exaggerated due to deltoid atrophy, which may be accentuated in the context of a concomitant axillary neuropraxia.
Patients with chronic glenohumeral dislocations often present with mild discomfort. Over time, the degree of pain due to the dislocation improves. In addition, range of motion is often not as restricted as expected, due in part to enlargement of the associated humeral head impression fracture, and compensation of the scapulothoracic component of shoulder motion. Patients with chronic anterior dislocations present with some degree of restricted forward elevation and abduction, as well as internal rotation. In contrast, external rotation is limited in patients with a posterior dislocation. Though strength testing can be challenging, one should assess the rotator cuff and deltoid to identify an associated rotator cuff or neurologic injury. To that end, the examination of a patient with a chronic dislocation must include a detailed neurologic evaluation. Similarly, a careful vascular assessment should be performed to identify an associated vascular injury, although these injuries are rare.
Diagnostic Imaging
The fact that chronic glenohumeral dislocations, most of them posterior, are missed at the time of the acute injury underscores the importance of a comprehensive radiographic examination. A scapular anteroposterior view, scapular lateral view, and axillary view should all be included in a complete trauma series. Together, these views provide invaluable information regarding the position of the humeral head relative to the glenoid. The humeral head should be examined for the presence and size of an impression fracture. In an anterior dislocation, this impression fracture, or Hill-Sachs lesion, will be located at the posterolateral humeral head. One can best appreciate glenoid bone loss on the axillary view. Bone fragments associated with a glenoid rim fracture may be present. Attritional bone loss of the glenoid is less common in chronic glenohumeral dislocations, as the soft cancellous bone of the humeral head often yields to the stronger cortical bone of the glenoid rim. In dislocations that have been present for at least several weeks, one might appreciate reactive bone formation along the anterior or posterior portion of the glenoic neck depending on the direction of dislocation.
Findings of a posterior glenohumeral dislocation on the scapular anteroposterior view can be subtle. The humeral head often overlaps the glenoid, even on a perfect anteroposterior view in the scapular plane. Further, an impression fracture might manifest as an area of density in the humeral head (
Figure 1.
In this 59-year old patient with a posterior dislocation, the humeral head and glenoid overlap, even on an AP radiograph in the scapular plane. In this case, Moloney�s line is preserved, but is often disrupted in posterior dislocations.
Figure 2.
In the same patient, axial imaging, in the form of an axillary radiograph or CT scan, confirms the posterior dislocation, and allows quantification of the humeral head impression fracture. Reactive bone formation can be appreciated along the posterior scapular neck.
Computed tomography (CT) is a powerful tool in the evaluation of chronic glenohumeral dislocations (
Figure 3.
An axial CT image allows for the quantification of the size of the humeral head impression defect as a percentage of the overall humeral head articular surface.
Figure 4.
An axillary radiograph can also be used to calculate the relative size of the humeral head impression defect.
If the physical examination suggests a neurologic injury, electrodiagnostic studies should be obtained. These studies will reveal abnormalities at 3 to 4 weeks after the injury. It is advised to recognize and document this injury before proceeding with definitive treatment. Vascular injury is rare in the setting of a chronic glenohumeral dislocation. However, when suspected, potential vascular compromise should be evaluated by a vascular specialist with appropriate diagnostic studies.
A wide array of treatment alternatives exists for the management of patients with chronic glenohumeral dislocations. A systematic approach to the evaluation of these patients is required to develop the optimal treatment strategy. First and foremost, the management strategy should be individualized, based on the patient's age, activity level, occupation, and comorbidities. Other critical factors to consider include the functional limitations caused by the dislocation, the duration of dislocation, the presence and size of the humeral head impression fracture, the presence and degree of glenoid bone loss and the status of the articular cartilage.
Nonoperative Management
While limited, there is a role for nonoperative management in the treatment of patients with chronic glenohumeral dislocations. Patients with limited functional demands, who experience minimal discomfort, and who are able to perform most activities of daily living with minimal difficulty, can be treated nonoperatively. Similarly, patients with significant comorbidities, for whom operative intervention presents significant risks that outweigh the potential benefit, are perhaps better treated nonoperatively. Lastly, patients who demonstrate an inability to comply with a careful and judicious postoperative rehabilitation program are likely ill-suited for operative intervention.
Closed Reduction
The duration of dislocation represents the most important factor in determining the appropriateness of closed reduction. There is some disagreement regarding the threshold for this determination. In general, patients who present with a dislocation of less than 4 weeks' duration may be appropriate for this approach. The radiographs can be examined for an indication of the chronicity of the injury, including the size of the impression fracture, or the degree of reactive bone formation along the glenoid neck. The presence of a large impression fracture suggests the likelihood of failure of closed reduction.
Varied techniques have been described to guide closed reduction of anterior and posterior dislocations. Closed reduction maneuvers should be performed under anesthesia - either general or regional - to ensure complete muscular relaxation and increase the likelihood of a successful attempt. Generally speaking, the humeral head impression fracture should first be unlocked, or disengaged from the glenoid rim, followed by a maneuver to reduce the humeral head. Careful, gentle manipulation should be performed to avoid propagating the impression fracture, thus creating a displaced iatrogenic anatomic neck fracture. An examination should be performed after reduction, to assess the stability of the reduction. If persistently unstable, operative intervention is indicated.
Indications for Surgery
Except for the rare instances where a chronic glenohumeral dislocation can be closed reduced, most patients require operative intervention.
Surgical Technique
Anterior Dislocation
Open Reduction
Most chronic glenohumeral dislocations require open reduction. Indications for open reduction include inability to perform a successful closed reduction due to the duration of dislocation, and those for which closed reduction is unlikely to confer sufficient stability due in part to the presence of a large humeral head impression fracture or glenoid bone loss. The approach will depend on the need for concomitant procedures to address associated injuries. Chronic anterior dislocations can be approached via a deltopectoral approach. The deltoid and cephalic vein are retracted medially, and the pectoralis major muscle laterally. The muscles of the conjoined tendon are identified and retracted medially. In chronic injuries, these muscles are often displaced and adherent to the deeper tissues. The lesser tuberosity and bicipital groove are identified. A subscapularis tenotomy is performed 1cm from its insertion to allow later repair. The anteroinferior capsule is released from the proximal humerus while protecting the axillary nerve. Once the glenohumeral joint is exposed, fibrous tissue is excised. The proximal humerus is gently manipulated to disengage the impression fracture, through internal rotation and lateral traction. After successful reduction, a humeral head retractor is inserted to allow examination of the glenoid articular cartilage. Care should be exercised when levering or retracting the humeral head, due to softening of the humeral head articular cartilage and subchondral bone in the chronic setting. Finally, stability is assessed to determine the need for additional procedures (
Figure 5.
An anteroposterior radiograph in a 39-year old patient reveals a chronic anterior dislocation.
Figure 6.
A scapular lateral radiograph in the same patient reveals a chronic anterior dislocation.
Figure 7.
An axillary radiograph in the same patient reveals a chronic anterior dislocation.
Figure 8.
This patient was treated with open reduction, and capsulolabral repair.
Humeral Head Defects
The ideal procedure for the treatment of humeral head defects depends on the duration of dislocation, and the size of the impression fracture. For dislocations that have been present for less than 3 to 4 weeks, with impression fractures that represent less than twenty 20 – 25% of the humeral head articular surface, in younger patients with good quality bone, disimpaction and bone grafting can be performed. A 1cm cortical window is created in the proximal humerus to allow access to the impression defect. A bone tamp is utilized to disimpact the cancellous and subchondral bone 1 to 2mm beyond the surrounding subchondral bone to allow for postoperative settling. Bone allograft or osteoconductive bone graft substitute can be used to fill the resultant defect. Cancellous screws can be placed perpendicular to the defect to provide support to the grafted area. This is frequently needed to provide support to the grafted area.
Transfer of the infraspinatus tendon, with or without the greater tuberosity, can be appropriate for a humeral head defect accounting for less than 40% of the total articular surface. This procedure requires a separate posterior approach in addition to the anterior deltopectoral approach, and is therefore less desirable. A posterior axillary incision is utilized. The deltoid can be split to expose the underlying infraspinatus tendon insertion. For defects of 20 – 25%, an infraspinatus tendon transfer alone can be performed. The tendon is elevated directly off of its insertion on the greater tuberosity. The tendon is docked into the defect with horizontal mattress sutures, which are then tied over a bone bridge on the lateral cortex of the proximal humerus. Suture anchors provide an alternative method of fixation. For large defects of less than 40%, the greater tuberosity can be osteotomized to the base of the defect, transferred medially into the defect, and secured with two cancellous screws. However, there is a role for allograft reconstruction in this setting to avoid further disruption to the proximal humeral anatomy that results from greater tuberosity transfer. Another advantage of allograft reconstruction is that it can be performed from the same anterior approach and avoids the need for a posterior revision.
For humeral head defects of greater than 40% in younger patients, allograft reconstruction represents a viable treatment alternative, in order to avoid or delay prosthetic replacement. A CT scan is required to precisely quantify the size and dimensions of the defect, so that a size-matched, fresh-frozen humeral head allograft can be obtained. Once the glenohumeral joint is reduced, the remaining articular surface must be examined to assure the absence of extensive degenerative joint disease. The humeral head impression defect is also examined. An oscillating saw is used to create a wedge and to expose cancellous bone. A matching wedge is harvested from the allograft, approximately 2mm wider. The allograft is impacted into the defect and secured with cancellous screws placed in a retrograde fashion, or countersunk beneath the articular surface.
Prosthetic replacement is indicated for older patients with humeral head defects of more than 40% of the articular surface. The duration of dislocation is also an important factor in the decision to proceed with arthroplasty. In duration of dislocation beyond 6 months, either the humeral head articular cartilage has often undergone sufficient degeneration, or the subchondral and metaphyseal bone has softened enough to necessitate replacement. For anterior dislocations, it is often helpful to perform the anatomic neck osteotomy during the exposure to facilitate soft-tissue releases. To enhance stability of the construct, increased retroversion by 10 – 15 degrees is often incorporated, but this should be considered carefully (
Figure 9.
This anteroposterior radiograph reveals a chronic anterior glenohumeral dislocation with a significant humeral head impression fracture in a 69-year old patient with a history of trauma 6 months prior.
Figure 10.
This axillary view in the same patient demonstrates a chronic anterior glenohumeral dislocation with a significant humeral head impression fracture.
Figure 11.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the same patient demonstrates a chronic anterior glenohumeral dislocation with a significant humeral head impression fracture.
Figure 12.
This patient was treated with hemiarthroplasty.
Figure 13.
A postoperative axillary radiograph confirms concentric reduction of the glenohumeral joint.
Posterior Dislocation
Open Reduction
The sequence of steps for the open reduction of chronic posterior dislocations will depend on the nature of associated procedures to be performed. A subscapularis tenotomy 1cm from its insertion is performed if allograft reconstruction or prosthetic replacement is necessary. The subscapularis is elevated off of the proximal humerus if a subscapularis transfer will be performed. If a lesser tuberosity transfer will be performed, the lesser tuberosity is osteotomized beginning at the bicipital groove toward the base of the impression defect. Once the glenohumeral joint is exposed, fibrous tissue is excised. A gentle reduction maneuver is then performed to disengage the impression defect from the glenoid rim. A flat retractor can be used to gently lever the humeral head into a reduced position, taking care not to further injure the soft bone of the humeral head. The glenoid and humeral head articular surfaces, as well as the impression defect, are carefully examined. Glenohumeral joint stability is then assessed. If sufficiently stable, which may be the situation with small humeral head defects of 10-15%, the procedure is concluded, and the patient follows a postoperative rehabilitation program. Otherwise, additional procedures to address the relevant pathology are pursued. Depending on the surgical plan, a posterior approach may be necessary if significant glenoid fracture or bone loss requires attention.
Humeral Head Defects
As for anterior dislocations, the duration of dislocation and the size of the impression fracture will primarily determine the treatment strategy for humeral head defects. Disimpaction and bone grafting can be performed for injuries less than 3-4 weeks old, and an impression fracture less than 20 – 25% of the articular surface. Older age is a relative contraindication to this procedure, due to osteopenia or osteoporosis of the proximal humerus metaphyseal bone. In addition, the remainder of the articular cartilage must be intact without significant degenerative changes. With the shoulder internally rotated, a cortical window is created using an osteotome, and the articular surface is disimpacted using a bone tamp to achieve an overreduction of 1 to 2mm to account for postoperative settling. The resultant metaphyseal void is packed with cancellous bone allograft or bone graft substitute. Cancellous screws can be placed perpendicular to the defect to provide support to the grafted area.
Transfer of the subscapularis tendon, with or without the lesser tuberosity, can be appropriate for a humeral head defect accounting for less than 40% of the total articular surface. For defects of 20 – 25%, a supraspinatus tendon transfer alone, the McLaughlin procedure, can be performed (
Figure 14.
An anteroposterior radiograph in a 72-year old patient with a history of posterior dislocation suggests the presence of a reverse Hill-Sachs lesion.
Figure 15.
Intraoperative examination of the defect confirms that it accounted for less than 25% of the humeral head articular surface.
Figure 16.
The subscapularis is tagged, mobilized, and transferred into the defect.
Figure 17.
The subscapularis is transferred into the defect, and the sutures are tied over a bone bridge.
Figure 18.
A postoperative anteroposterior radiographs demonstrates elimination of glenohumeral overlap.
Figure 19.
An anteroposterior radiograph in a 47-year old patient with a history of posterior dislocation due to electric shock 1 month prior.
Figure 20.
An axillary radiograph in the same patient demonstrates the presence of a large reverse Hill-Sachs lesion.
Figure 21.
A lesser tuberosity osteotomy was performed with a microsagittal saw.
Figure 22.
The lesser tuberosity was transferred into the defect, and fixed with two partially-threaded, cancellous screws with washers.
Figure 23.
Postoperative CT scan demonstrates the lesser tuberosity transfer with concentric reduction of the glenohumeral joint.
Allograft reconstruction represents a viable treatment option for young patients with a humeral head defect of greater than 40%, in whom prosthetic replacement is less desirable (
Figure 24.
An anteroposterior radiograph in a 55-year old patient with a history of seizure disorder demonstrates a chronic posterior dislocation.
Figure 25.
A scapular lateral radiograph is the same patient demonstrates a chronic posterior dislocation.
Figure 26.
An axillary radiograph in the same patient demonstrates a chronic posterior dislocation with involvement of at least 50% of the humeral head articular surface.
Figure 27.
An axial CT image of the same patient demonstrates a chronic posterior dislocation with involvement of at least 50% of the humeral head articular surface.
Figure 28.
Intraoperative examination of the humeral head confirms involvement of at least 50% of the articular surface.
Figure 29.
This patient was managed with size-matched humeral head allograft transplantation.
Figure 30.
A wedge of humeral head allograft was harvested to correspond to the humeral head defect.
Figure 31.
The humeral head allograft fixed with countersunk partially-threaded cancellous screws.
Figure 32.
A postoperative axillary radiograph in the same patient.
Older patients with humeral head defects of more than 40% can be effectively treated with prosthetic replacement (
Figure 33.
An anteroposterior radiograph in a 59-year old patient with a posterior dislocation of 4 months duration.
Figure 34.
An axial CT image in the same patient demonstrates involvement of at least 50% of the humeral head articular surface.
Figure 35.
 This patient was treated with hemiarthroplasty.
Figure 36.
A postoperative axillary radiograph in the same patient.
Glenoid Defects
Careful attention must be paid to the status of the glenoid to assure success of operative intervention. Although this is much less common than humeral head bone loss, if preoperative or intraoperative evaluation reveals significant glenoid bone loss that compromises glenohumeral joint stability, reconstruction with bone graft should be considered. Extensive research has been performed to determine the threshold amount of glenoid bone loss that leads to persistent instability. In general, glenohumeral joint stability is often compromised when bone loss accounts for approximately 20 – 30% of the anterior to posterior diameter. Three sources for bone graft are available to address this pathology: coracoid autograft, iliac crest autograft, or allograft. The Latarjet procedure refers to the use of coracoid autograft, with the attached conjoined tendon, which acts not only to increase the surface area of the articular surface, but also as a dynamic sling in the abducted, externally rotated position. The graft is decorticated along the surface to be fixed to the glenoid to optimize healing. Proud positioning of the graft relative to the articular surface must be avoided to prevent postoperative humeral head chondrosis. The graft is fixed with two 4.5mm malleolar screws. Extra-articular fixation of the graft with capsulolabral repair can further protect the humeral head articular cartilage from the graft, though concern exists regarding increased nonunion with the extra-capsular technique. The coracoacromial stump can be used to reinforce the capsular repair. Debate exists regarding fixation of the osteotomized surface of the graft directly to the glenoid - i.e. an intra-capsular placement - to increase the surface area of the graft.
Iliac crest autograft can also be used to address glenoid bone loss. The concave surface of the graft should be oriented in line with the glenoid articular surface. As with the coracoid, iliac crest graft can be placed intra-articularly or extra-articularly. The latter technique allows for more anatomic repair of the capsule, and theoretically protects the humeral head articular cartilage, but may increase the risk of nonunion. Various allografts have been described for the treatment of glenoid bone loss in the context of chronic glenohumeral dislocation. Distal tibia allograft has been described, with the advantage of a similar radius of curvature to the glenoid articular surface. With allograft, there is a concern for lack of incorporation, resorption, and hardware complications.
In the case of prosthetic replacement for significant humeral head defects or articular cartilage degeneration in treatment of chronic anterior and posterior dislocation, the glenoid articular surface must be carefully assessed not only for bone loss, but also for degeneration. In the case of significant glenoid chondrosis, total shoulder arthroplasty should be considered. Glenoid resurfacing should be considered in conjunction with humeral head replacement only in the appropriate patient. There must be sufficient subchondral bone to support the implant. In the presence of significant bone loss, adjunctive bone grafting, or the use of a step-cut glenoid implant, can be considered. However, in these situations the use of reverse shoulder arthroplasty should be considered if patient age and activity level are consistent with this procedure. A detailed discussion of glenoid implants is beyond the scope of this text. While version of the humeral head implant can be modified slightly to enhance stability of the construct, the glenoid component should always be implanted with the goal of restoring native glenoid version while preserving bone and optimizing fixation.
Pearls and Pitfalls of Technique
A complete radiographic examination consisting of anteroposterior, scapular lateral, and axillary views will assure prompt recognition of a chronic glenohumeral dislocation.
Reduction of a chronic glenohumeral dislocation requires careful, gentle manipulation to avoid propagating the impression fracture, thus creating a displaced iatrogenic anatomic neck fracture. Careful manipulation of the humeral head is also required to avoid further damage to the softened articular cartilage and subchondral bone.
For small humeral head defects associated with chronic posterior dislocation, the modified McLaughlin procedure, consisting of transfer not only of the subscapularis tendon, but also of the osteotomized lesser tuberosity, can be performed to achieve more reliable bone-to-bone healing.
When performing humeral head allograft reconstruction, the graft is cut 2mm larger than the recipient site to allow for press fit in addition to screw fixation.
When performing humeral head replacement for chronic anterior dislocation, performing the humeral head resection during the approach can facilitate capsular releases.
During insertion of a humeral head replacement for chronic anterior dislocation, version can be adjusted to enhance stability by increasing retroversion of the implant. Conversely, for posterior dislocations, retroversion of the implant can be decreased to enhance stability if necessary.
Glenoid bone loss and articular cartilage damage must be recognized and treated with either bone graft or resurfacing to optimize the outcome following operative intervention for chronic glenohumeral dislocation.
Potential Complications
The treatment of chronic glenohumeral dislocations represents a therapeutic challenge. A common concern following treatment of this condition is recurrent dislocation. This may result from inadequate capsular releases, or failure to adequately recognize and address bone loss associated with this injury. Iatrogenic nerve injury may occur following treatment of a chronic glenohumeral dislocation. The most commonly injured nerves include the musculocutaneous and axillary nerves. It is important to recognize that the muscles of the conjoined tendon are often displaced and scarred laterally in these patients. Failure to recognize this may result in injury to the musculocutaneous nerve during the approach. Similarly, the axillary nerve should be identified and protected, particularly during capsular release and glenoid exposure. Stiffness may occur in these patients, particularly following tendon or lesser tuberosity transfer.
Post–operative Rehabilitation
The appropriate postoperative rehabilitation protocol will depend upon the nature of the procedure performed. Following open or closed reduction alone of a chronic dislocation, if stability is determined to be acceptable, the patient should be immobilized for 3 - 4 weeks before initiating range of motion exercise. A period of immobilization will decrease the risk of re-dislocation even if the construct appears to be stable. For chronic anterior dislocations, a standard sling is used.
For chronic posterior dislocations, a gunslinger type orthosis is utilized to maintain the arm in 10 degrees of extension, 15 - 20 degrees if abduction and external rotation of zero to 20 degrees. Following immobilization, physical therapy initially consists of active and active-assisted range of motion, and proceeds to isometric strengthening, and then to resistive exercise by 12 weeks.
After disimpaction of humeral head defects for chronic anterior dislocation, the extremity is placed in a sling for 6 weeks. The patient begins passive range of motion immediately, but motion is restricted to minimize load across the affected area of the articular surface. The sling is discontinued after 6 weeks, and active range of motion is initiated.
For both infraspinatus and greater tuberosity transfer procedures, the extremity is immobilized in a sling for 6 weeks. External rotation is limited, as is combined external rotation and abduction. After 6 weeks, the sling is discontinued, and active range of motion is progressed.
Following arthroplasty for chronic anterior dislocation, the extremity is immobilized in a sling. Passive motion is initiated immediately, including external rotation based on intraoperative assessment of the subscapularis repair. The sling is discontinued after 6 weeks, and active motion is then introduced followed by a progressive strengthening program.
Following humeral head disimpaction, subscapularis transfer, or lesser tuberosity transfer for posterior dislocation, the patient is placed in an orthosis postoperatively, with the shoulder in 15 - 20 degrees of abduction, 10 - 20 degrees of extension, and 10 degrees of external rotation. Passive external rotation and abduction are initiated immediately. After 4 - 6 weeks, the orthosis is replaced with a sling, which is used for an additional 2 weeks. Active motion is introduced at 6 weeks followed by progressive stretching and strengthening.
After prosthetic replacement for chronic posterior dislocation, if a posterior capsular plication is performed, the patient is immobilized postoperatively in an orthosis in neutral rotation. If the construct is stable a basic sling can be used. Passive motion is initiated immediately, including external rotation based on intraoperative assessment of the subscapularis repair. If posterior capsulorrhaphy is performed, composite adduction and internal rotation is avoided. At 6 weeks, the sling or orthosis is discontinued, and active range of motion is initiated, followed by strengthening.
Outcomes/Evidence in the Literature
Wooten, C, Klika, B, Schleck, CD, Harmsen, WS, Sperling, JW, Cofiel, RH. "Anatomic shoulder arthroplasty as treatment for locked posterior dislocation of the shoulder". J Bone Joint Surg Am. vol. 96. 2014. pp. e19.(Thirty-two patients who had undergone arthroplasty for chronic posterior glenohumeral dislocation were followed for a minimum of 2 years. Eighteen patients were treated with hemiarthroplasty, and 14 with total shoulder arthroplasty. Overall, pain scores and external rotation improved on average. Nineteen patients demonstrated excellent or satisfactory results, three patients experienced recurrent instability, and nine patients underwent reoperation.)
Rowe, CR, Zarins, B. "Chronic unreduced dislocations of the shoulder". J Bone Joint Surg Am. vol. 64. 1982. pp. 494-505.(Twenty-four shoulders with an anterior or posterior dislocation untreated for at least 3 weeks were treated and followed for an average of 4.5 years. Eight shoulders were managed conservatively without formal treatment, with a score of 56/100. Seven shoulders treated with open reduction demonstrated an average outcome score of 79/100. Three patients were treated with arthroplasty, one of whom received a total shoulder arthroplasty, with an average score of 75/100. Finally, four patients were treated with resection arthroplasty, with an average score of 74/100.)
McLaughlin. "Posterior Dislocation of the Shoulder". JBJS (Am). vol. 34-A.(Twenty-two patients with posterior glenohumeral dislocation were identified. The mechanism, signs and symptoms of these injuries were illustrated. Six patients with acute injuries were managed with closed means. Three of nine patients with chronic dislocations were treated with subscapularis transfer. Operative findings and technique are described in detail. Three others were treated operatively with an alternative procedure. Three of seven patients with recurrent dislocations were treated with subscapularis transfer. The author underscores the importance of early recognition and appropriate treatment of chronic or recurrent glenohumeral dislocation.)
Diklic, ID, Ganic, ZD, Blagojevic, ZD, Nho, SJ, Romeo, AA. "Treatment of locked chronic posterior dislocation of the shoulder by reconstruction of the defect in the humeral head with an allograft". J Bone Joint Surg Br. vol. 92. 2010. pp. 71-6.(Thirteen patients with chronic posterior glenohumeral dislocation were treated with reconstruction of a humeral head defect between 25% and 50% of the articular surface with femoral head allograft. After mean follow-up of 54 months, no patient demonstrated persistent instability, nine patients were able to perform activities of daily living without pain or restriction, and the Constant-Murley score averaged 86.8.)
Martinez, AA, Navarro, E, Iglesias, D, Domingo, J, Calvo, A, Carbonel, I. "Long-term follow-up of allograft reconstruction of segmental defects of the humeral head associated with posterior dislocation of the shoulder". Injury. vol. 44. 2013. pp. 488-91.(Six patients with humeral head defects measuring 40% of the articular surface due to chronic posterior dislocation of the shoulder were treated with humeral head allograft reconstruction. All patients returned to their occupation 4 months postoperatively. Half of the patients had no complaints of pain, instability, or mechanical symptoms. Half of patients developed either collapse of the allograft or eventual osteoarthritis, which eventually required conversion arthroplasty.)
Sperling, JW, Pring, M, Antuna, SA, Cofield, RH. "Shoulder arthroplasty for locked posterior dislocation of the shoulder". J Shoulder Elbow Surg. vol. 13. 2004. pp. 522-7.(Twelve patients with a locked posterior dislocation treated with shoulder arthroplasty were followed for an average of 9 years. Significant pain relief and improved external rotation were observed. Seven patients demonstrated an excellent or satisfactory result. Two patients developed postoperative posterior instability, and one experienced component loosening, all of whom required revision surgery.)
Goga, IE. "Chronic shoulder dislocations". J Shoulder Elbow Surg. vol. 12. 2003. pp. 446-50.(This manuscript summarizes the author's experience in the treatment of thirty-two patients with chronic glenohumeral dislocations, 31 of which were anterior. Ten patients were left unreduced. Closed reduction was successful only in one patient. Twenty-one patients required open reduction, and ten of these underwent coracoid transfer and temporary acromiohumeral wire placement. These cases demonstrated improved outcomes compared to the patients managed conservatively.)
Checchia, SL, Santos, PD, Miyazaki, AN. "Surgical treatment of acute and chronic posterior fracture-dislocation of the shoulder". J Shoulder Elbow Surg. vol. 7. 1998. pp. 53-65.(Sixty-six patients with 73 posterior glenohumeral fracture-dislocations were followed for an average of 32.7 months. Thirty-six patients were treated in the chronic phase. Treatment consisted of closed reduction and immobilization, open reduction and internal fixation, McLaughlin procedure, hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, resection arthroplasty, or arthrodesis. Treatment within 2 years of injury was correlated with good to excellent results, whereas treatment beyond 2 years was associated with a fair outcome.)
Cheng, SL, Mackay, MB, Richards, RR. "Treatment of locked posterior fracture-dislocations of the shoulder by total shoulder arthroplasty". J Shoulder Elbow Surg. vol. 6. 1997. pp. 11-7.(Seven shoulders in five patients with locked posterior dislocations were treated with total shoulder arthroplasty. The ASES score improved from 20.1 to 55.6. Pain, motion, and function were all improved postoperatively. Patients continued to experience difficulty with activities above shoulder level and with heavy lifting. The authors describe the utility of a secondary posterior incision to extricate the humeral head.)
Flatow, EL, Miller, SR, Neer, CS. "Chronic anterior dislocation of the shoulder". J Shoulder Elbow Surg. vol. 2. 1993. pp. 2-10.(Seventeen patients were treated for a chronic anterior shoulder dislocation, with average time between injury and intervention of 2.3 years. Seven patients were treated conservatively. The remaining patients were treated with surgery, including coracoid transfer and shoulder arthroplasty. For the six patients who underwent arthroplasty, meticulous soft tissue repair was performed, humeral retroversion was increased, and rehabilitation was modified. Four patients required glenoid bone graft, and two required rotator cuff repair. For nine patients followed for an average of 3.9 years, eight patients demonstrated excellent or satisfactory results, with one unsatisfactory case.)
Patients with chronic glenohumeral dislocations can frequently present with a constellation of injuries to the humeral head articular surface, the glenoid, the rotator cuff, and the capsulolabral structures. Therefore, management of these patients can be a challenge. Treatment of this condition should be first and foremost prophylactic. Through a careful history, physical examination, and complete radiographic examination, these injuries can be identified and managed acutely, thus preventing chronic sequelae. When confronted with a chronic glenohumeral dislocation, the treating surgeon must approach this patient with a systematic approach in order to develop the ideal treatment strategy to address all relevant pathoanatomy.
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rtdietz needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 100 designs submitted by 36 freelance designers.
Family Profits
Family Profits is a website and online community focused on assisting current and prospective parents in creating the best life for their family. This includes time management, financial, work, and parenting issues as main themes.
Our target audience is people in their 20s through 50s who have or are planning to have a family and who are wrestling with balancing their professional life with family and personal issues.
The overarching objective is a clean, modern design that will mainly be used on a website but may also be utilized for print media.
The design should evoke balance, possibility, family, sustainability, growth, and joy.
We will be using this worpress theme to start (Blue version)
Our initial ideas on color include the following but we are open to suggestions as we are not designers ourselves:
Dark Blue - #1D222F
Blue - #35405E
Light Blue - #808EB6
Yellow - #FFFF00
Green - #00D500
We'll use the following rating system, which we have copied from another contest:
1 star - Wrong direction, start over
2 star - Some elements we like
3 star - Getting closer but need revisions or a different take on your design
4 star - Design is being considered
5 star - Made the final cut
Please also refer to general comments for further guidance throughout the competition.
We look forward to seeing your design ideas.
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Posted: Thu Dec 02, 2004 9:36 am
charlie wrote:ollie
you remember the frist time you went to the coast.
now look at you
Who's to say I won't get worked again in the same fashion? I think it's probably safe to say that the conditions wouldn't be the same today or tomorrow.
But for the record, I wouldn't recommend kiting with a 6m kite in 30-35 winds with 12' surf for a first time in the waves to anyone.


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The cast of "Sister Act: The Musical" is ready to raise their voice in Providence next month. With nuns belting out disco-inspired tunes while wearing sequined habits, it's not Whoopi Goldberg's "Sister Act" anymore. Based on the 1992 film, "Sister Act" tells the same story in a brand new way. Featuring all new music and dialogue with the same beloved characters from the film, the 28-member cast travels the country to put a new spin on an old favorite.
The cast of "Sister Act: The Musical" is ready to raise their voice in Providence next month. With nuns belting out disco-inspired tunes while wearing sequined habits, it's not Whoopi Goldberg's "Sister Act" anymore. Based on the 1992 film, "Sister Act" tells the same story in a brand new way. Featuring all new music and dialogue with the same beloved characters from the film, the 28-member cast travels the country to put a new spin on an old favorite.
Cast member Blair Goldberg performs every night as part of the ensemble, and understudies the roles of Sister Mary Robert, the postulant who finds her voice with the help of Deloris Van Cartier, and Sister Mary Theresa, the oldest nun in the convent. Goldberg (who has appeared on Broadway in "Annie Get Your Gun" and off-Broadway in "Carrie: The Musical") shared her thoughts on bringing a classic film to life on stage and how she and the rest of the cast are "spreading the love" across the country with "Sister Act."
Q The music in the movie is part of what has helped it become a classic over the last 20 years. How does the completely new score and some slight tweaks to the book help to tell the same story without any of the well-known songs from the film?
A The songs in the film are so wonderful and the script so rich that it's hard to top them, but I think Alan Menken's music, Glenn Slater's lyrics, and the book by Cheri and Bill Steinkellner and Douglas Carter Beane really bring a fresh perspective to the story. Audiences definitely come in sometimes wanting to hear "I Will Follow Him," but they are always pleasantly surprised to hear the new music because its so rich and the voices are so strong. Jerry Zaks' genius direction keeps the story moving at a fun tempo and the humour rampant, plus the choreography by Anthony Van Laast is so fun to perform every night that the audience can't help but be enamored. We all have a blast performing the show every night, and I think that our happiness on stage is infectious to the audience.
Q How have audiences reacted to changes made to the show when they go in expecting to see the movie?
A. We have lots of patrons who come in expecting to see the exact same version as the movie, and we've even heard stories of some who are shocked to see Ta'Rea Campbell on the stage playing Deloris and not Whoopi Goldberg herself. It's always difficult as performers to do a musical where people come in to the theater with a pre-determined opinion on what they think they are going to see. However, with our phenomenal cast led by Ta'Rea Campbell and Hollis Resnick, we have found that the audience hops on board with us the moment the curtain goes up and the first notes are sung. There is something so captivating and heartfelt about our show, and audiences have been responding wonderfully to it. All of the principals have such a unique take on these roles that its impossible to not enjoy our version, while still paying homage to the movie that brought so much joy to viewers. In the end, we are spreading love through our story, and that always elicits a great response from the audience.
Q. You cover two roles in addition to being in the ensemble: postulant Sister Mary Robert and oldest nun Sister Mary Theresa — how hard is it to switch gears and take on two roles that are so vastly different from your normal ensemble track?
A. It's so funny. All of us joke around in the dressing room about how hilariously delightful it is that I am covering both the youngest and the oldest nun. It is quite a challenge! Playing the oldest nun is somewhat easier for me because I get to act silly and throw on some glasses and give myself a hunchback. The sheer physicality of playing the role lends itself quite nicely to the internal characterization. The audience gets to see her at the end of her journey of her life as a nun. I've had a blast discovering Mary Theresa. It's always a fun day for all of the nuns when I get to go on as her, because she gets some awesome one-liners and it's a blast interacting with the women from a different perspective.
With Mary Robert, the youngest nun, she is much closer in age to me, and her journey is much more complex and really just beginning. She's been living her life one way for as long as she can remember, with strict rules and guidelines, but Deloris opens up her eyes to all that life has to offer. Her big Act 2 solo "The Life I Never Led," is, in my opinion, one of Menken's most beautifully written songs. It's truly an honor to get to cover that role. It's one that I was a big fan of and dreamed about playing when the show debuted in London and then on Broadway. Both roles are challenging in different ways, but having those two roles to cover plus my own track ensures that my brain is always on and I'm always learning and growing and discovering new things about the characters.
Q. What is the most challenging part of being in the show and on the road?
A. The most challenging part is the constant change of environment. You never really feel settled because you're always jumping from city to city! I find it difficult not having my "places" that I like to go to in New York for a quick meal on the go, a workout, etc. It's always a challenge when we first arrive in the city to get our bearings quickly ... However, we have a great group! We are always helping each other out and keeping each other informed when we find the "go-to salad place" for the week, or the "best sushi in town!"
Q. What is your favorite part of of the show to perform each night?
A. Hands down, my favorite part of the show each night to perform is "Raise Your Voice" with the nuns. That moment is when we all come together for the first time with Deloris as our leader.There is nothing like a group of amazingly talented women belting in beautiful harmony.
"Sister Act" opens at the Providence Performing Arts Center on April 9 and runs through April 14. For tickets, ranging from $46 to $73, call 401-421-2787, visit www.ppacri.org, or go to the box office at 220 Weybosset St., Providence.


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The New York Road Runners club and its insurers have been waging a pitched battle the past four weeks over how much money race organizers will be able to reclaim in the wake of last month's canceled New York City Marathon.
At stake in negotiations among the running club, insurance broker Lloyd's and the members of its syndicate is the financial health of one of the country's foremost athletics clubs, as well as some $15 million in nonrefundable entry fees that runners paid when they registered for the race earlier in the year, plus millions more paid in ticket sales and sponsorships. The race, originally scheduled for Sunday, Nov. 4, was canceled after superstorm Sandy pummeled the New York region on Oct. 29.
Benjamin Lawsky, superintendant for financial services for New York state, has stepped in to try to mediate a settlement in recent days, according to a person familiar with the talks. People familiar with the situation said the negotiations with Lloyd's and the members of its syndicate have prompted the running club, known as the NYRR, to keep its public statements to a minimum about potential refunds for runners and other partners in the race.
In a statement released Saturday, Lloyd's spokesman Peter Fitch said, "The Lloyd's market always seeks to settle valid claims as quickly as possible."
A person familiar with the Lloyd's deliberations said the company already has authorized a "large payment," a sign that it has acknowledged liability, even though the running club and the city decided to cancel a race that could have been held. The person said Lloyd's is still working with NYRR officials regarding the size of the payment, and a significant disagreement remains.
In the first days after the storm, race organizers pledged to hold the event despite mounting pressure to cancel it because of the strain it would place on public services when millions were without power and thousands were displaced from their homes. On Friday, Nov. 2, less than 48 hours before the start of the race, Mary Wittenberg, chief executive of the running club, and New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said they were canceling the marathon and wouldn't reschedule it, even though tens of thousands of runners had already descended on the region after being told repeatedly that the event would take place.
"There could have been no worse time to cancel the race," Ms. Wittenberg said in an interview Friday. "The people were all here and all the money was spent, except for some police fees and the prize money."
In the past month, Ms. Wittenberg and her athletics organization have weathered a flurry of public criticism for their initial delay in deciding to cancel the race, the last-minute cancellation and the limited information they have dispensed since then regarding possible refunds for runners and business partners.
"My entire priority is doing our best by our runners first and then our partners," Ms. Wittenberg said Friday. "We want to create the best situation and preserve as much flexibility as possible. But we live and die by our runners. That's what this is about."
For the New York Road Runners Club, the cancellation has sparked a crisis unlike anything in the history of the marathon, which began in 1970. The club now has about $60 million a year in annual revenue, but it operates with little cushion. The NYRR doesn't have enough money to refund all the investments made in the race by runners, sponsors, broadcasters and the travel partners who arranged trips for foreign participants, said an official familiar with the organization's finances.
The marathon accounts for roughly one-third of the NYRR's annual revenue, generating about $23 million each year. Much of that money arrives through registration and membership fees connected to the marathon, which average more than $250 for some 60,000 runners who register for the race.
Complicating matters, however, is that unlike most sporting events, the marathon has a clear no-refund policy, even if severe weather forces organizers to cancel the race. That is much different than what happens when fans buy a ticket to a sporting event such as a New York Yankees game or the U.S. Open tennis tournament. In those cases, if weather causes an event to be canceled, fans can exchange their tickets for a game or match on another date. People familiar with the matter said that any desire by the NYRR to allow disappointed runners to participate in coming events at no charge might not be covered under the club's insurance policy.
After canceling the marathon, Ms. Wittenberg promised the event's runners entry into next year's race or the New York City half-marathon in March. But the running club can't offer free entry until it knows how much money it will be able to recoup from Lloyd's and its syndicate members.
NYRR officials declined to say the maximum level of coverage allowable under the policy, but a person familiar with it said even if the Lloyd's syndicate allowed a full claim it wouldn't cover all of the organization's expenses related to full refunds.


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- Products and Solutions
- Business Solutions
- Personal Audio
- Looking for?
- Resources
- Support
- How to Buy
Paul Johnson
Vice President and Chief Information Officer
Paul Johnson serves as Vice President and Chief Information Officer for Plantronics. Johnson is responsible for global IT at Plantronics supporting annual revenues of approximately $850M and a worldwide presence that includes offices in more than 30 countries. He leads an IT team that is passionate about collaboration across all levels of the organization.
Johnson joined Plantronics as a member of the Marketing team in 2001 to lead the company's emerging online marketing strategy and corporate website development initiatives. After successfully leading the build-out of new technology platforms and capabilities across all digital marketing channels, Johnson returned to a role in IT. His years as Senior Director of Enterprise Business Applications and Project Management Office (PMO) afforded him with opportunities to expand his business knowledge, build IT leadership expertise and develop strong abilities to collaborate effectively at all levels of the organization.
Prior to joining Plantronics, Johnson held key positions in Management Consulting with PricewaterhouseCoopers and Lutris Technologies, Inc. as well as serving as a volunteer in the U.S. Peace Corps (Lesotho, Africa).
Johnson holds a Bachelor of Science degree in finance and information systems from California State University, Chico.


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Nick Webb offers a unique range of bespoke wooden furniture for the home, office or workplace. He makes both traditional and contemporary handmade wooden furniture of outstanding quality.
Nick designs and hand crafts only the finest wooden furniture. Styles range from the classic to the contemporary, using the highest quality materials to produce furniture in a range of timbers including Oak, Maple and Walnut in both solid timber and veneer.
Nick has established a reputation for originality of design, attention to detail and quality of finish. He draws on years of experience as both engineer and worker in wood. All his designs are tailored to suit individual client specifications.
Custom Made Furniture Cambridgeshire
Each piece of furniture is specially designed to order and made in his Cambridge workshop. Nick meets all his prospective clients to discuss their requirements in detail before embarking on a design to create an individual piece which is both functional and beautiful, and also fits the customer's budget.
Commissions are welcome, both personal and corporate throughout Cambridgeshire and the surrounding counties of Bedfordshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire and Suffolk . Nick's portfolio includes work for Christ's College and Trinity College Cambridge as well as a large number of private clients.
Nick has written articles which have been published in Good Woodworking magazine, and had articles about him written in both that and the now defunct Traditional Woodworking magazine.
Where appropriate Nick uses FSC certified wood: please see www.fsc-uk.org.
Thank you for taking the time to look at this website. Please get in touch for further information.


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Max B & His Lawyer Breaks Their Silence About Max's Pending Murder Trial & Ex Girlfriend's Ple Deal! + Thanks Jim Jones For Helping Max B Get Out Of Jail
Max B & Gerald M. Saluti, Esq(his lawyer) breaks their silence regarding Max's pending murder trial and the implecation of his Co-Defendant/ Ex Girlfriend's Plea Deal
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Status last updated: 2018-04-14 08:16:09
Male looking for a woman for anything
I like to focus my energy on collecting experiences as opposed to "things" and would much rather spend my money on a trip to a foreign country than on a fancy new car.
If you know what you want, and aren't afraid of having a ton of fun while going after it, send me a message and let's chat.
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