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Source Spotlights are often updated as new data become available. Please click here to find the most recent version of this Spotlight.
Regardless of whether or not Congress takes decisive action on immigration reform in the near term, immigration will long remain a critical issue due to the fact that it has a profound impact on the U.S. economy and intersects with other public policy areas such as health care, education, the labor market, and national security.
This Spotlight seeks to provide answers to the most frequently asked questions on the subject of immigration and immigrant integration. For example:
Where are immigrants primarily from? How many immigrants come each year? How many are already here? How many became U.S. citizens last year? Do they have health insurance? Where do they live? How many children live in immigrant families? How large are illegal immigration flows, and how has the government responded?
This Spotlight brings together resources from the Migration Policy Institute (MPI); the U.S. Census Bureau's 2009 American Community Survey, 2000 decennial census, and 2009 Current Population Survey; the U.S. Departments of Homeland Security and State; and Mexico's National Population Council (CONAPO) and National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI).
Click on the bullet points below for more information on each topic:
Current and Historical Numbers and Shares
How many immigrants are in the United States today? Did it change compared to the previous years?
According to the Census Bureau's 2009 American Community Survey, the U.S. immigrant population was 38,517,234, or 12.5 percent of the total U.S. population. The number of foreign born living in the United States increased by 1.5 percent (about 556,000 people) between 2008 and 2009.
In general, the number of immigrants living in the United States remained virtually flat in 2007, 2008, and 2009. But the data show that immigration may be on the upswing again after the number of foreign born fell by 100,000 people between 2007 and 2008, from 38,059,694 to 37,960,935. While this was not a conspicuous change relative to the overall size of the immigrant population, the drop was in sharp contrast with the rapid increase in the immigrant population — about 1 million per year — recorded during the last two decades. In this case, what could be seen as "no change" was in fact a fairly substantial change indeed.
What are the historical numbers and shares of immigrants in the United States?
Data on the nativity of the U.S. population was first collected in the 1850 decennial census. That year, there were 2.2 million foreign born in the United States, 9.7 percent of the total population.
Between 1860 and 1920, immigrants as a percentage of the total population fluctuated between 13.0 and 15.0 percent, peaking at 14.8 percent in 1890 mainly due to European immigration. By 1930, immigrants' share of the U.S. population had dropped to 11.6 percent (14.2 million individuals).
The share of foreign born in the U.S. population continued to decline between the 1930s and 1970s, reaching a record low of 4.7 percent in 1970 (9.6 million individuals). However, since 1970, the percentage has risen rapidly, mainly due to large-scale immigration from Latin America and Asia.
In 1980, according to the Census Bureau, the foreign born represented 6.2 percent (14.1 million individuals) of the total U.S. population. By 1990, their share had risen to 7.9 percent (19.8 million individuals) and, by the 2000 census, they made up 11.1 percent (31.1 million individuals) of the total U.S. population.
As of 2009, immigrants comprised 12.5 percent (38.5 million) of the total U.S. population.
What were the top source countries with the largest share of immigrants in 2009 compared with those in 1960?
Mexican-born immigrants accounted for 29.8 percent of all foreign born residing in the United States in 2009, by far the largest immigrant group in the United States.
The Philippines accounted for 4.5 percent of all foreign born, followed by India and China (excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan) with 4.3 percent and 3.7 percent, respectively.
These four countries — together with Vietnam (3.0 percent), El Salvador (3.0 percent), Korea (2.6 percent), Cuba (2.6 percent), Canada (2.1 percent), and the Dominican Republic (2.1 percent) — made up 57.7 percent of all foreign born residing in the United States in 2009.
The predominance of immigrants from Mexico and Asian countries in the early 21st century starkly contrasts with the trend seen in 1960, when immigrants were more likely to be from European countries. Italian-born immigrants made up 13.0 percent of all foreign born in 1960, followed by those born in Germany and Canada (accounting for 10.2 and 9.8 percent, respectively). Unlike in 2009, no single country accounted for more than 15.0 percent of the total immigrant population in 1960.
Demographic, Educational, and Linguistic Characteristics
What share of all immigrants residing in the United States are women?
Of the 38.5 million foreign-born population in the United States in 2009, 50.0 percent were female. The share of women declined slightly in the last three decades. Women accounted for 53.4 percent of the 14.1 million immigrants in 1980, 51.1 percent of the 19.7 million immigrants in 1990, and 50.2 percent of the 31.1 million immigrants in 2000.
How many immigrants have come to the United States since 2000?
Of the 38.5 million foreign born in the United States in 2009, 40.5 percent entered the country prior to 1990, 27.9 percent between 1990 and 1999, and 31.6 percent in 2000 or later.
How many immigrants are naturalized U.S. citizens?
Just over two in five (43.7 percent) immigrants in the United States in 2009 were naturalized U.S. citizens. The remaining 56.3 percent of immigrants included legal permanent residents, unauthorized immigrants, and legal residents on temporary visas, such as students and temporary workers.
Of the 16.8 million naturalized citizens in 2009, 41.4 percent have naturalized since 2000, 28.0 percent naturalized between 1990 and 1999, 14.6 percent naturalized between 1980 and 1989, and 16.0 percent naturalized prior to 1980.
What is the racial composition of immigrants?
Of the foreign born in the United States in 2009, 48.9 percent reported their race as white alone, 8.2 percent as black or African American alone, 23.9 percent as Asian alone, and 17.5 percent as some other race; 1.7 percent reported having two or more races.
Note:The percentages might not add up to 100 due to rounding.
How many immigrants are of Hispanic origin?
In 2009, 46.9 percent of the 38.5 million (or 18.1 million) foreign born reported Hispanic or Latino origins.
How many Hispanics are immigrants?
Of the 48.4 million people in 2009 who identified themselves as having Hispanic or Latino ancestry, nearly two-thirds (62.6 percent, or 30.3 million) were native-born U.S. citizens. The remaining 37.4 percent of Hispanics (or 18.1 million) were immigrants.
What percentage of the foreign born are Limited English Proficient?
In 2009, 52.0 percent of the 38.3 million foreign-born persons age 5 and older were LEP; practically the same as the share of 51.0 percent of the 30.7 million foreign-born persons age 5 and older in 2000.
Note: The term "limited English proficient" refers to any person age 5 and older who reported speaking English "not at all," "not well," or "well" on their survey questionnaire. Individuals who reported speaking only English or speaking English "very well" are considered proficient in English.
Which languages does the U.S. population* speak?
In 2009, 80.0 percent of the entire U.S. population age 5 and older said they speak only English at home. The remaining 20.0 percent (or 57.1 million people) reported speaking a variety of foreign languages.** Of them, Spanish was by far the most commonly spoken language (62.1 percent), followed by Chinese (4.6 percent), Tagalog (2.7 percent), French (including Cajun and Patois, 2.3 percent), Vietnamese (2.2 percent), German (1.9 percent), Korean (1.8 percent), Russian (1.5 percent), and Arabic (1.5 percent).
Notes: * Refers to the 285.8 million people age 5 and older who resided in the United States at the time of the survey. ** These respondents might or might not speak English at home in addition to a foreign language.
What percentage of the adult foreign-born population is college educated?
In 2009, there were 32.5 million immigrants age 25 and older. Of those, 26.8 percent had a bachelor's degree or higher, while 32.3 percent lacked a high school diploma. Among the 169.4 million native-born adults age 25 and older, 28.1 percent had a bachelor's degree or higher, and only 11.4 percent did not have a high school diploma.
How many Mexican immigrants are in the United States?
In 2009, there were about 11,478,000 foreign born from Mexico residing in the United States according to the 2009 American Community Survey. Mexican immigrants accounted for 29.8 percent of all immigrants in the United States in 2009.
In which U.S. states do the Mexican born live?
Mexican immigrants were overwhelmingly concentrated in the West and Southwest in 2009, including California (37.5 percent), Texas (20.9 percent), Illinois (6.0 percent), Arizona (5.1 percent), and Georgia (2.4 percent).
The foreign born from Mexico accounted for over half of the immigrant population in New Mexico (71.4 percent), Arizona (62.8 percent), Texas (60.3 percent), Idaho (51.9 percent), Arkansas (51.8 percent), and Oklahoma (50.8 percent). By contrast, Mexican-born individuals accounted for less than 3 percent of the state foreign-born population in Vermont (2.8 percent), Rhode Island (2.2 percent), Hawaii (2.1 percent), Maine (1.2 percent), and Massachusetts (1.2 percent).
How many Mexican-born workers were in the U.S. labor force in 2009?
About 71.3 percent of the 10.7 million immigrants from Mexico age 16 and older were in the civilian labor force in 2009 compared to 68.5 percent of the 36.3 million immigrants age 16 and older from all countries and 64.1 percent of the 204.7 million native born age 16 and older.
How has the emigration rate from Mexico changed over time?
According to Mexico's National Survey of Occupations and Employment (ENOE), the emigration rate from Mexico appears to have slowed recently from 10.8 migrants per 1,000 Mexican residents in spring 2007 to 8.4 per 1,000 Mexican residents in spring 2008 to 5.5 per 1,000 Mexican residents in spring 2009 and to 4.6 per 1,000 Mexican residents in spring 2010 (see Figure 1).
The immigration rate to Mexico (i.e., the number of people who move to Mexico from abroad, who are overwhelmingly return migrants) remained relatively stable over the same period, fluctuating between 3.2 and 5.9 migrants per 1,000 Mexican residents. Note: ENOE asks Mexican households to enumerate any members of the household are who living abroad at the time of the interview. Accordingly, it does not capture the emigration of entire families where no member of the household remains in Mexico.
From which areas/regions do Mexican migrants residing in the United States come?
The Mexican National Population Council (Consejo Nacional de Población, or CONAPO), tracks the number of Mexican-born U.S. residents according to their state of birth in Mexico.
According to the only currently available estimate, in 2003, one-third of all Mexican-born migrants residing in the United States originated from just three states: Jalisco (13.7 percent), Michoacán (10.7 percent), and Guanajuato (9.3 percent) (see Map 2). In 1990, these three states accounted for 34.7 percent of Mexican migrants to the United States (16.8 percent from Jalisco, 10.5 percent from Michoacán, and 7.4 percent from Guanajuato).
Which areas/regions of Mexico send the most migrants to the United States?
According to the most recent Survey of Migration on the Northern Border of Mexico (Encuesta de Migración en la Frontera Norte de México, or EMIF) from 2008, 14.2 percent of Mexican migrants headed toward the United States came from the state of Chiapas in southern Mexico. This is a significant change from 2000 when only 0.8 percent of Mexicans migrating to the United States came from Chiapas. The next largest origin states of Mexicans migrating to the United States in 2008 were Guanajuato (8.6 percent), Oaxaca (7.2 percent), Sonora (6.9 percent), and Michoacán (6.5 percent).
While the share of Mexicans migrating to the United States from Sonora has declined (12.5 percent in 2000), the flows from Michoacán (13.9 percent in 2000) and Guanajuato (9.2 percent in 2000) have remained relatively stable, while the share of Mexicans migrating from Oaxaca has increased (2.7 percent in 2000).
Note: EMIF is an annual sample survey of migration flows along Mexico's northern border region conducted by the Ministries of Foreign Affairs (SRE) and Labor and Social Affairs (STPS), the National Migration Institute (INM), the National Population Council (CONAPO), and the University of the Northern Border (COLEF) in Tijuana. It excludes Mexicans entering the United States by air, migrants under the age of 15, and non-Mexican nationals crossing the Southwest border.
How many immigrants in the United States have health insurance?
According to the 2009 American Community Survey, 51.1 percent of the 38.1 million civilian non-institutionalized immigrant population had private health insurance and 21.3 percent had public health insurance coverage; the rest (33.6 percent) had neither. In contrast, only 12.5 percent of the U.S.-born population had no health insurance.
How many immigrants in various legal statuses have health insurance?
According to MPI estimates, immigrants accounted for 29 percent of the 46.6 million working-age adults and children under 18 with no health insurance in 2008. Of these 13.4 million uninsured immigrants, about half (6.8 million) were unauthorized immigrants, almost a third (4.2 million) were lawful permanent residents, and another 17 percent (2.3 million) were naturalized citizens.
Unauthorized working-age adults (ages 18 to 64) were about three times more likely to be uninsured (59 percent) than either naturalized citizens (20 percent) or native-born U.S. citizens (16 percent).
What share do the foreign born compose of the total U.S. civilian labor force?
Of the 140.6 million workers engaged in the U.S. civilian labor force in 2009, immigrants accounted for 15.9 percent (22.5 million). Between 1970 and 2009, the percentage of foreign-born workers in the U.S. civilian labor force tripled, from 5.3 to 15.9 percent. Over the same period, the percent of foreign born in the total population grew from 4.8 to 12.5 percent.
What kinds of jobs do employed immigrants hold?
Of the 22.5 million civilian employed foreign born age 16 and older in 2009, 28.5 percent worked in management, professional, and related occupations; 24.6 percent worked in service occupations; 17.9 percent worked in sales and office occupations; 2.0 percent worked in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations; 15.5 percent worked in production, transportation, and material moving occupations; and 11.6 percent worked in construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations.
Among the 118.1 million civilian employed native born age 16 and older, 37.1 percent worked in management, professional, and related occupations; 16.5 percent worked in service occupations; 26.6 percent worked in sales and office occupations; 0.5 percent worked in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations; 11.2 percent worked in production, transportation, and material moving occupations; and 8.2 percent worked in construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations.
Note: The percentages might not add up to 100 due to rounding.
How many immigrants live in middle-class families? Nearly one-quarter (22.5 percent) of the 26 million immigrant households in the United States in 2009 were considered middle class, having a total annual income between $47,000 and $79,000, or roughly 75 to 125 percent of the median household income. Middle-class immigrant households were home to about 14.3 million individuals, 40 percent of whom were native-born U.S. citizens including the spouses and U.S.-born children of immigrants.
Middle-class immigrant adults are, on average, slightly better educated than the overall immigrant adult population and tend to have, on average, a high school education and some post-secondary credential short of a bachelor's degree.
What are the top five states in terms of the number of immigrants, share of immigrants in the total state population, absolute growth, and percent growth between 1990 and 2000 and between 2000 and 2009?
In 2009, the top five U.S. states by the number of immigrants were California (9,947,000), New York (4,178,00), Texas (3,985,000), Florida (3,484,000), and New Jersey (1,759,000).
When classified by the share of immigrants in the total state population, the top five states in 2009 were California (26.9 percent), New York (21.4 percent), New Jersey (20.2 percent), Nevada (19.2 percent), and Florida (18.8 percent).
Between 1990 and 2000, the five states with the largest absolute growth of the immigrant population were California (2,405,430), Texas (1,375,206), New York (1,016,272), Florida (1,008,227), and Illinois (576,786).
Between 2000 and 2009, the five states with the largest absolute growth of the immigrant population were Texas (1,086,000), California (1,083,000), Florida (813,000), Georgia (343,000), and New York (310,000).
Between 1990 and 2000, the five states with the largest percent growth of the immigrant population were North Carolina (273.7 percent), Georgia (233.4 percent), Nevada (202.0 percent), Arkansas (196.3 percent), and Utah (170.8 percent).
However, between 2000 and 2009, the five states with the largest percent growth of the immigrant population were South Carolina (76.9 percent), Alabama (67.5 percent), Tennessee (67.1 percent), Delaware (64.9 percent), and Arkansas (63.2 percent).
What are the top 10 U.S. counties in terms of number of immigrants, share of immigrants in the total county population, absolute growth, and percent growth between 2000 and 2009?
In 2009, the top 10 counties by the number of immigrants were Los Angeles County, California (3,514,000); Miami-Dade County, Florida (1,242,000); Cook County, Illinois (1,091,000); Queens County, New York (1,075,000); Harris County, Texas (1,009,000); Kings County, New York (936,000); Orange County, California (920,000); San Diego County, California (694,000); Santa Clara County, California (643,000); and Maricopa County, Arizona (636,000).
When classified by the share of immigrants in the total county population, the top 10 counties in 2009 were Miami-Dade County, Florida (49.7 percent); Queens County, New York (46.6 percent); Hudson County, New Jersey (38.3 percent); Kings County, New York (36.5 percent); Santa Clara County, California (36.0 percent); Los Angeles County, California (35.7 percent); San Francisco County, California (34.1 percent); San Mateo County, California (33.9 percent); Bronx County, New York (31.9 percent); and Montgomery County, Maryland (30.8 percent).
Between 2000 and 2009, the 10 counties with the largest absolute growth of immigrants were Harris County, Texas (252,000); Maricopa County, Arizona (195,000); Riverside County, California (169,000); Clark County, Nevada (168,000); Broward County, Florida (129,000); Dallas County, Texas (113,000); King County, Washington (104,000); San Bernardino County, California (102,000); Tarrant County, Texas (101,000); and Gwinnett County, Georgia (95,000).
Between 2000 and 2009, the 10 counties with the largest absolute decline of immigrants were New York County, New York (-12,000); San Francisco County, California (-7,000); Passaic County, New Jersey (-6,000); Hudson County, New Jersey (-6,000); Arlington County, Virginia (-5,000); Santa Cruz Country, California (-3,000); Cuyahoga County, Ohio (-2,000); Chelan County, Washington (-2,000); Coryell County, Texas (-2,000); and Cumberland County, North Carolina (-2,000).
Between 2000 and 2009, the 10 counties with the largest percent growth of the immigrant population were Lauderdale County, Mississippi (301.0 percent); Newton County, Georgia (294.8 percent); Wright County, Minnesota (293.0 percent); Barrow County, Georgia (290.8 percent); Henry County, Georgia (290.1 percent); Forsyth County, Georgia (280.0 percent); Delaware County, Ohio (277.0 percent); Christian County, Missouri (247.3 percent); Carver County, Minnesota (238.7 percent); and Loudoun County, Virginia (235.1 percent).
Note: The above county-level data are from the 2009 one-year estimates of the American Community Survey, which, for confidentiality and sampling reasons, reports information only for 789 out of 3,141 U.S. counties. It is likely that the county rankings would be different if information on all counties were available.
Children with Immigrant Parents
How many children in the United States have immigrant parents?
In 2009, there were about 16.9 million children age 17 and under with at least one immigrant parent. They accounted for 23.8 percent of the 70.9 million children age 17 and under in the United States.
The 14.6 million second-generation children — those who were born in the United States to at least one foreign-born parent — accounted for 86.2 percent of all children with immigrant parents. The remaining 13.8 percent (2.3 million) were children born outside the United States to foreign-born parents.
How has the number of children with immigrant parents changed?
Between 1990 and 2000, the number of children age 17 and under with immigrant parents grew 59.7 percent from 8.2 million to 13.1 million. Between 2000 and 2009, the number grew 28.9 percent from 13.1 million to 16.9 million.
Between 1990 and 2000, the number of first-generation immigrant children grew by 42.8 percent (from 1.9 million to 2.7 million). In contrast, the number of first-generation immigrant children declined 13.2 percent between 2000 and 2009 from 2.7 million to 2.3 million.
The number of second-generation immigrant children has grown steadily since 1990. Between 1990 and 2000, the number of second-generation immigrant children grew 64.8 percent from 6.3 million to 10.4 million, and between 2000 and 2009, the number of second-generation immigrant children grew by nearly 40 percent from 10.4 million to 14.6 million.
In 1990, children with immigrant parents were 13.4 percent of all children, compared to 19.1 percent in 2000 and 23.8 percent in 2009. The share of second-generation children among all children with immigrant parents has grown steadily from 77.0 percent in 1990 to 79.5 percent in 2000 and to 86.2 percent in 2009.
What are the top five states in terms of the number of children with immigrant parents?
In 2009, the top five U.S. states by the total number of children with immigrant parents were California (4,393,000), Texas (2,090,000), New York (1,430,000), Florida (1,139,000), and Illinois (762,000). These five states accounted for 60.4 percent of all children with immigrant parents residing in the nation in 2009.
What are the top five states when looking at the share of children with immigrant parents in the state's total child population?
In terms of the share of children with immigrant parents, the top five states in 2009 were California (50.0 percent of all children in the state), Nevada (36.9 percent), New York (34.2 percent), Texas (33.8 percent), and New Jersey (32.9 percent).
What are the top five states in terms of the absolute growth of the number of children with immigrant parents?
Between 1990 and 2000, the five states with the largest absolute growth of the total number of children with immigrant parents were California (1,282,400), Texas (643,000), Florida (384,500), New York (366,500), and Illinois (230,700).
Between 2000 and 2009, the five states with the largest absolute growth of the total number of children with immigrant parents were Texas (668,300), California (386,500), Florida (295,000), Georgia (237,000), and North Carolina (183,000).
What are the top five states in terms of the percent growth of the number of children with immigrant parents between 1990 and 2000 and between 2000 and 2009?
Between 1990 and 2000, the five states with the largest percent growth of the total population of children with immigrant parents were Nevada (232.6 percent), North Carolina (223.7 percent), Georgia (193.8 percent), Nebraska (174.2 percent), and Arkansas (170.1 percent).
Between 2000 and 2009, the five states with the largest percent growth of the total population of children with immigrant parents were Tennessee (120.3 percent), South Carolina (115.9 percent), Alabama (111.2 percent), North Carolina (109.0 percent), and Georgia (106.8 percent).
Note: The government fiscal year runs from October 1 to September 30. All figures for annual flows given here are for the 2009 fiscal year (October 1, 2008, to September 30, 2009).
How many foreigners (in all categories) obtained U.S. lawful permanent residence in 2009?
In 2009, 1,130,818 foreign nationals became lawful permanent residents (also known as green-card holders) according to the Department of Homeland Security's Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2009. The total number represents a 2.1 percent increase from 2008 (1,107,126) and a 34.5 percent increase from 2000 (841,002).
Of the 1.1 million new green-card holders, 463,042 (40.9 percent) were new arrivals who entered the country in 2009, and 667,776 (59.1 percent) were status adjusters. The status adjusters arrived in the United States in any year before 2009, but their green-card applications were approved during 2009.
In which categories did permanent immigrants enter in 2009?
Of the 1.1 million new lawful permanent residents, 47.4 percent were an immediate relative of a U.S. citizen, 18.7 percent came through a family-sponsored preference, and 12.7 percent entered through an employment-based preference. Another 15.7 percent adjusted from a refugee or asylee status, and 4.2 percent were diversity-lottery winners. The number of newly arriving permanent immigrants under the employment-based preference reached the lowest level since 1999.
How many people applied for permanent immigration to the United States through the green-card lottery?
The Immigration Act of 1990 established the Diversity Visa Lottery (also known as the green-card lottery) to allow entry to immigrants from countries with low rates of immigration to the United States. The act states that no more than 55,000 diversity visas are made available each fiscal year. Of the 55,000 visas, 5,000 have to be used for applicants under the Nicaraguan and Central America Relief Act of 1997, thus reducing the available number to 50,000.
Applicants registered for the 2011 lottery (run between October 2 and December 1, 2009) were selected at random from over 12.1 million qualified entries. The number of qualified entries totaled 5.5 million in the 2007 lottery, 6.4 million in the 2008 lottery, 9.1 million in the 2009 lottery, and 13.6 million in the 2010 lottery. (The Department of State does not release the total number of applications received, only of qualified entries.)
Which countries did permanent immigrants come from?
Disaggregated by country of birth, 14.6 percent of LPRs came from Mexico. The top five countries of birth — Mexico, China (5.7 percent), the Philippines (5.3 percent), India (5.1 percent), and the Dominican Republic (4.4 percent) — accounted for 35.0 percent of all persons who received lawful permanent resident status in 2009.
Persons born in the next five countries — Cuba (3.4 percent), Vietnam (2.6 percent), Colombia (2.6 percent), Korea (South and North) (2.3percent), and Haiti (2.1 percent) — made up another 12.9 percent of all lawful permanent residents, so that the top 10 countries of birth made up nearly half of the total (47.9 percent).
What was the total number of nonimmigrant admissions to the United States in 2009?
Temporary admissions of nonimmigrants to the United States more than quadrupled from 9.5 million in 1985 to 36.2 million (not including certain Mexicans and Canadians) in 2009. Between 2008 and 2009, however, temporary admissions of nonimmigrants declined 8.0 percent from 39.4 million to 36.2 million. This was the first year-to-year decrease in five years.
An additional 126.4 million admissions were exempt from completing the I-94 arrival/departure form at the port of entry. These nonimmigrant admissions are from two groups: Canadians who travel to the United States for business or pleasure, and Mexicans who possess a nonresident Border Crossing Card (i.e., laser visa).
Note: Nonimmigrant admissions represent the number of arrivals, not the number of individuals, admitted to the United States. The Department of Homeland Security only reports characteristics of nonimmigrants who have to complete an I-94 arrival/departure form.
How did nonimmigrant admissions break down by visa category?
Similar to the past, temporary visitors (tourists and business travelers) accounted for an overwhelming majority of all arrivals. In 2009, they represented 89.8 percent (32.5 million) of all admissions to the United States. Of those, 27.8 million were tourist admissions and 4.4 million were business-traveler admissions. Tourist admissions declined 5.6 percent from 29.4 million in 2008, and business-traveler admissions declined by 21.6 percent from 5.6 million in 2008.
Temporary workers and trainees, including H-1B "specialty occupation" workers, registered nurses, temporary agricultural workers, North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) professional workers, treaty traders, and intracompany transferees, among others, accounted for 1.7 million arrivals (4.7 percent of total admissions); this figure includes spouses and children of all temporary workers and trainees. The number of temporary workers and trainee admissions declined by 12.6 percent from 1.9 million in 2009.
Students who came to the United States to study at academic or vocational institutes, together with their family members, made up 2.6 percent (951,964) of total arrivals. The large majority (94.1 percent) were academic students, which reached an all-time record high — 4.2 percent higher than the number admitted in 2008 and 38.0 percent higher than the number of students admitted in 2000.
How many visas did the Department of State issue in 2009?
The Department of State reports the number of visas issued to foreign nationals who wish to come to the United States for the purpose of traveling, conducting business, working, studying, and for other reasons.
In 2009, the Department of State issued 5,804,182 nonimmigrant visas, which is lower than the decade's peak of 7,588,778 visas in 2001 but higher than the decade's bottom of 4,881,632 visas issued in 2003 (see Figure 2). It was also lower than the 6,603,182 nonimmigrant visas issued in 2008.
The vast majority (70.2 percent) of nonimmigrant visas issued in 2009 were temporary business and tourist visas (B-1, B-2, BCC, and BCV visas). The next largest groups were F-1, F-2, and F-3 academic student and family of academic student visas (6.1 percent) and J-1 and J-2 exchange visitors and their spouses and children (6.0 percent).
Disaggregated by region of origin, the majority of temporary visas in 2009 were issued to foreign nationals from Asia (36.3 percent) and North America (22.2 percent, including Central America and the Caribbean), followed by South America (19.9 percent), Europe (15.6 percent), Africa (5.0 percent), and Oceania (0.8 percent). Compared to 2008, the share of temporary visas issues to foreign nationals from Africa, North America, and South America increased while the share issued to foreign nationals from Asia and Europe decreased. The share issued to foreign nationals from Oceania remained the same.
Note: The number of visas issued does not necessarily match the number of foreign nationals who came to the United States in the same year because some nonimmigrant visas may not be used.
Notes on Refugees and Asylees
How many foreign born came as refugees and where were they from?
In 2009, 74,602 individuals were admitted to the United States as refugees. This figure represented a 24.1 percent increase compared to the number in 2008 (60,107). It was the largest number of refugees admitted since 1999 (85,285).
Nationals of Iraq, Burma, and Bhutan represented 67.7 percent (50,492) of all refugees admitted in 2009. Altogether, nationals of the top 10 countries made up 93.6 percent of all refugee arrivals in 2009. In addition to the top three, these countries include Iran, Cuba, Somalia, Eritrea, Vietnam, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Burundi.
How many foreign born came as asylees and where were they from?
The number of foreign born who were granted asylum (both affirmatively and defensively) in 2009 was 22,119. This represents a small decrease over the corresponding number in 2008 (22,838). The number of foreign born granted asylum both affirmatively and defensively has declined steadily since 2006.
Over 6,100 persons from the People's Republic of China, 1,113 from Ethiopia, and 998 from Haiti were granted asylum, accounting for 37.2 percent of all individuals who received asylum status in 2009. Those granted asylum from Colombia (993), Iraq (908), Nepal (671), Venezuela (583), Guatemala (513), Russia (494), and Egypt (481) accounted for another 21.0 percent. Together, nationals of these seven countries made up over half of all individuals who received asylum status in 2009.
How many unauthorized immigrants are in the United States?
According to Pew Hispanic Center estimates, there were 11.1 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States in March 2009. The size of the unauthorized population appears to have declined since 2007. However, this finding is inconclusive because of the margin of error in the estimates, which are based on data from the Census Bureau's Current Population Survey of 50,000 households each month.
The flow of unauthorized immigrants grew more slowly (by about 300,000 per year) between March 2007 and March 2009 than it did between March 2005 and March 2007, when the population grew by about 550,000 per year. For the period between March 2000 and March 2004, the population grew by about 850,000 per year. Reversing a long-term trend, the flow of unauthorized immigrants fell below the flow of lawful permanent residents between 2005 and 2008.
Unauthorized immigrants made up 28.0 percent of the nation's foreign-born population, about 3.7 percent of the entire U.S. population, and 5.1 percent of U.S. workers. Approximately 47.0 percent of the nation's unauthorized immigrants have arrived since 2000.
Where are unauthorized migrants from?
The vast majority of undocumented immigrants are from Mexico and Latin America: 60.0 percent (6.7 million) from Mexico, 12.0 percent (1.3 million) from Central America, 5.0 percent (575,000) from South America, and 3.0 percent (350,000) from the Caribbean. An additional 11.0 percent (1.2 million) are from South and East Asia, 4.0 percent (475,000) from Europe and Canada, 1.0 percent (150,000) from the Middle East, and the remaining 3.0 percent (350,000) come from Africa and Oceania.
How many children have unauthorized immigrant parents?
About 5.1 million children in 2009 had at least one parent who was an unauthorized immigrant, according to the Pew Hispanic Center. Of this group, 79.0 percent (4.0 million) were U.S. citizens by birth and 21.0 percent (1.1 million) were unauthorized immigrants themselves. The number of children with unauthorized immigrant parents has nearly doubled since 2000, when there were just 3.6 million such children. However, over the same period, the number of unauthorized immigrant children declined from 1.5 to 1.1 million, while the number of U.S.-born children with unauthorized immigrant parents grew from 2.1 to 4.0 million.
How has illegal immigration responded to the economic crisis in the United States?
Research in the United States and other countries indicates that, along with temporary migrant workers, flows of unauthorized immigrants are most closely linked to the economy and thus the ones most likely to fall in poor economic times.
Data from the Pew Hispanic Center show that the annual flow of unauthorized immigrants from Mexico has declined from about 500,000 per year between March 2000 and March 2005, to about 325,000 per year between March 2005 and March 2007, and to about 150,000 per year between March 2007 and March 2009. Between 2008 and 2009, the unauthorized immigrant population from Mexico appears to have declined, although the change is not statistically meaningful. This finding is reinforced by U.S. Border Patrol apprehensions data and Mexican government surveys. However, the change in the unauthorized immigrant population from other regions of Latin America (excluding Mexico) did definitively decline in 2009 from 2.5 to 2.2 million people. The unauthorized immigrant population from other regions of the world beyond Latin America has remained stable between 2.0 and 2.3 million for much of the last decade.
A second central story is that return migration remained the exception and not the rule throughout the recession. There has been virtually no change in return flows to Mexico. Data from Mexico's National Survey of Occupations and Employment (ENOE, according to its Spanish acronym) show that while outflows from Mexico have slowed dramatically, inflows of returning migrants have remained remarkably stable in recent years.
How many apprehensions were there in 2009?
There were over half a million apprehensions in 2009. The overwhelming majority, 97 percent, were along the Southwest border. The total number of apprehensions reported by the Department of Homeland Security steadily increased during the 1990s, from 1,169,939 apprehensions in 1990 to 1,814,729 in 2000. Between 2000 and 2005, the number of border apprehensions fluctuated — decreasing between 2000 and 2003, before increasing in 2004 and 2005. Since 2005, however, the number has steadily decreased from 1,291,142 to 613,003 in 2009. The 2009 figure is the lowest since 1972, when 505,949 unauthorized immigrants were apprehended.
Note: Apprehensions are events, not individuals. In other words, the same individual can be apprehended more than once.
How many people were deported in 2009?
The United States deported nearly one million unauthorized immigrants in 2009. The total number of unauthorized immigrants deported rose from 1,052,572 in 1990 to 1,864,343 in 2000 before declining to 973,396 in 2009. The 2009 total was the lowest number in two decades; 865,317 individuals were deported in 1989.
However, the number of removals (forced deportations) rose throughout the period from 30,039 in 1990 to 188,467 in 2000 and 393,289 in 2009 — the largest number on record. By contrast, voluntary returns first increased over the period, from 1,022,522 in 1990 to 1,675,876 in 2000, but then declined to a record low of 580,107 in 2009.
Note: Removals are the compulsory and confirmed movement of an inadmissible or deportable unauthorized immigrant out of the United States based on an order of removal. An unauthorized immigrant who is removed has administrative or criminal consequences placed on subsequent reentry owing to the fact of the removal. Returns are the confirmed movement of an inadmissible or deportable unauthorized immigrant out of the United States not based on an order of removal. Most of the voluntary departures are of Mexican nationals who have been apprehended by the U.S. Border Patrol and are returned to Mexico.
Note: The government fiscal year runs from October 1 to September 30. All figures for immigration control and enforcement given here are for the government fiscal year.
Immigration Control and Enforcement
How much does the government spend on immigration control and enforcement?
Funding for the Border Patrol, at the time part of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in the Department of Justice, increased 519 percent between 1986 and 2002, from $268 million to $1.6 billion. The Border Patrol is responsible for enforcing 8,000 miles of U.S. land and water boundaries between legal points of entry (designated points where immigration officials can regulate entry).
Following the creation of the Department of Homeland Security in 2003, the Border Patrol became part of Customs and Border Protection, an agency within the Department of Homeland Security.
Customs and Border Protection's responsibilities also include regulating and facilitating international trade, collecting import duties, enforcing U.S. trade laws, and protecting U.S. agricultural and economic interests from pests and diseases.
According to the Department of Homeland Security annual budgets from various years, the total Customs and Border Protection budget (gross discretionary and mandatory, fees, and trust funds) was $5.9 billion in 2003. The agency's budget increased 32 percent to $7.7 billion in 2007 and another 20 percent to $9.3 billion in 2008. In 2009, it rose to $11.7 billion, before declining slightly to $11.4 billion in 2010. President Barack Obama has requested $11.2 billion for 2011.
Immigration and Customs Enforcement is the investigative branch of the Department of Homeland Security and is responsible for enforcing immigration laws. In 2003, the total budget for Immigration and Customs Enforcement was $3.3 billion, which rose 44 percent to $4.7 billion in 2007 and another 8 percent to $5.1 billion in 2008 (gross discretionary and mandatory, fees, and trust funds). In 2009, it increased to $6.1 billion, and in 2010 it decreased to $5.7 billion. The president has requested $5.8 billion for 2011.
For information on border-enforcement spending, read MPI's DHS and Immigration: Taking Stock and Correcting Course.
How many Border Patrol agents are there?
The number of Border Patrol agents doubled from approximately 9,000 in 2001 to 19,726 in 2008. In 2009, the number of Border Patrol agents increased to 20,163. The Border Patrol expects to hire 44 new agents in 2010 and maintain constant staffing levels around 20,000 in 2011.
Note: The government fiscal year runs from October 1 to September 30. All naturalization figures from the Department of Homeland Security are for the 2007 fiscal year (October 1, 2007 to September 30, 2008).
How many foreign born are naturalized citizens?
Of the 38.5 million foreign born in the United States in 2009, 16.8 million (43.7 percent) were naturalized citizens according to the 2009 American Community Survey estimates.
How many immigrants naturalized in 2009?
According to data from the Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services naturalized 743,715 lawful permanent residents in 2009.
From a historical perspective, the number of naturalizations has increased dramatically in recent decades. On average, 141,000 lawful permanent residents naturalized each year between 1970 and 1979, 205,000 on average per year in the 1980s, 498,000 in the 1990s, and 629,000 during the 2000-2008 period.
The number of naturalizations reached an all-time record high in 2008 (1,046,539) before falling by 28.9 percent in 2009. However, compared to 2007, the number of naturalizations in 2009 increased by 12.6 percent.
The high number of naturalizations in 2008 can be explained at least in part by the presidential elections, which immigrant advocacy groups used in their ongoing campaigns to promote naturalization, and by the 80.0 percent increase in naturalization fees (from $330 to $595) scheduled for the end of July 2007 and announced in January 2007.
How many foreigners became U.S. citizens through military naturalization?
In 2009, 7,100 foreign born military personal naturalized as U.S. citizens on U.S. soil, overseas, or on board Navy ships. This was the largest number of military personnel naturalized as U.S. citizens in any single year since the end of the Vietnam War.
What are the countries of origin of newly naturalized citizens?
Of those who naturalized in 2009, 15.0 percent were born in Mexico (111,630), 7.1 percent in India (52,889), and 5.2 percent in the Philippines (38,934). Nationals of these three countries, together with those from China (37,130), Vietnam (31,168), Cuba (24,891), the Dominican Republic (20,778), El Salvador (18,927), Korea (17,576), and Colombia (16,593) accounted for 49.8 percent of all naturalizations in 2009.
Where do newly naturalized citizens live in the United States?
In 2009, 24.2 percent of those who naturalized lived in California (179,754), 11.9 percent in New York (88,733), and 11.1 percent in Florida (82,788).
More than 15.0 percent of all those who naturalized in 2008 lived in the greater New York metropolitan area (112,801), 11.3 percent in the greater Los Angeles metropolitan area (84,061), and 7.3 percent in the greater Miami metropolitan area (54,061). These areas, together with the greater Washington DC metropolitan area (4.4 percent), Chicago (3.6 percent), San Francisco (2.8 percent), San Bernardino, CA (2.6 percent), and Houston (2.5 percent) were home to 50 percent of new U.S. citizens in 2009.
How long are naturalization processing backlogs?
In 2009, foreigners naturalizing as U.S. citizens waited on average 4.5 months for their applications to be processed. The average wait time declined from around 8.8 months in 2008.
How many visa applications for permanent immigration (green cards) are backlogged?
Two types of backlogs impact issuance of green cards. The first is due to visa availability. The government caps employment-based permanent visas for foreign workers and their families, for example, at 140,000 per year. Also, no country can receive more than 7 percent of the total number of annual worldwide visas (approximately 25,600 visas).
The second type of backlog is due to processing delays of applicants' documents, which is related to the government's lack of financial and human resources as well as increased scrutiny.
Once the Department of State grants a visa to an immigrant, Citizenship and Immigration Services and the Federal Bureau of Investigation conduct background checks.
As of November 10, 2010, Citizenship and Immigration Services was processing some family-related visas applications filed as far back as January 1988, and it was still processing some employment-related visa applications from January 2002.
A U.S. citizen wishing to sponsor an unmarried adult child from Mexico, for instance, has to wait more than 17 years before the application will be processed, and a U.S. citizen wishing to sponsor a sibling from the Philippines has to wait 22 years (see Table 1). However, recent years have witnessed dramatic reductions in the backlogs for certain categories of immigrants, particularly the immediate family members (spouses and children) of lawful permanent residents.


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A warp bubble, also known as a static warp bubble or static warp field, is a type of subspace deformation, a warp in the fabric of space. Some individuals, such as those native to the planet Tau Alpha C, were capable of manipulating warp bubbles with their minds.
In 2367, Ensign Wesley Crusher performed an experiment aboard the USS Enterprise-D based on Kosinski's warp equations, wherein he created a warp bubble within the warp drive of the Enterprise. The bubble remained roughly stable at a field distortion level of 1,283 × 3,695 millicochranes. During the experiment, Wesley's mother, Doctor Beverly Crusher, became trapped inside the warp bubble. She was essentially caught in her own parallel universe, where her thoughts at the very moment she was trapped shaped her reality. As Dr. Crusher's thoughts were of losing old friends, her reality manifested itself as one where the crew of the Enterprise disappeared one by one, eventually leaving her alone.
As Wesley and the Enterprise crew attempted to retrieve Dr. Crusher before the bubble collapsed, they were visited by the Traveler, a Tau Alpha C inhabitant, who assisted Wesley in keeping the bubble stable long enough to create a threshold between both realities through which Dr. Crusher could escape. In the bubble, as Dr. Crusher began to realize what was happening, she encountered the threshold Wesley was creating, which manifested itself as a violent atmospheric vortex. As the bubble was on the verge of complete collapse, Dr. Crusher jumped through the vortex, returning to her own reality. (TNG: "Remember Me")
Trionic initiators in warp coils were known to unintentionally produce warp bubbles and other subspace deformations when they were adjusted. Such initiators were used on the USS Hera. (TNG: "Interface")

subset: commoncrawl


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Business Lessons we can learn from the London 2012 Paralympic Games
While the news is buzzing with stories of the London 2012 Olympic Games, London is also looking forward to the 2012 Paralympic Games which start in less than 3 weeks. London has sold the most tickets for a Paralympic Games – a record 2.1 million surpasses the previous record of 1.8 million tickets sold for the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games.
The slogan for the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games is 'Inspire a Generation' and part of this vision is to turn London into the most accessible Games ever for athletes and spectators. There are approximately 1.2 million disabled people living in London (equivalent to almost one in six or 16% of the total population) and between 8-10% of total London 2012 visitors will have mobility needs. Train platforms have been widened, buses will be low-floored and be more accessible to wheelchairs, all river piers will have ramps and more than 8,250 London buses have been fitted with the new iBus system to help visually and hearing impaired and those unfamiliar with London.
I have really enjoyed watching the Olympic Games but I am really looking forward to the Paralympic Games. Training for the Olympic Games is tough, fact. It takes patience, dedication, belief, endurance, physical and mental training too. But imagine training with an amputee, cerebral palsy (a group of disorders that can involve brain and nervous system functions), visual impairment, spinal cord injuries, intellectual disabilities or another disability.
In preparation for the Games, Boris Johnson said: "I urge all London businesses, including shops, restaurants and hotels to start thinking now about they can make their goods and services as accessible as possible in time for and to reap the benefits of the 2012 Games."
But let us not just think about accessibility to prepare for the games, but the lasting legacy. The London 2012 Paralympic Games is an opportunity for businesses across the globe to think about disabilities and whether they can do more to support and attract people with disabilities:
- Across the globe, Government offices, businesses and other places open to the public are required to ensure disabled persons have full and equal access to their property, goods and services. Can we make our offices even friendlier for people with disabilities, for example the tools and systems we use?
- Are we really doing enough in our efforts to attract people with disabilities and to help them acquire new skills
- In the UK alone, there are currently 1.3 million disabled people who are available and want to work.*
- Only half of disabled people of working age are in work (50%), compared with 80% of non-disabled people*
- 23% of disabled people have no qualifications compared to 9% of non-disabled people*
- Do we talk enough about disabilities or is it a taboo subject? How does this make our employees with disabilities feel?
In 20 days, the world will come together once again to watch our inspirational Paralympic athletes compete in the Games. But let us not just watch; let us come together, discuss and inspire within our own businesses and sphere of influences.
- One day the price of an Olympic ticket will equal the price of a Paralympic Ticket
- One day Para (meaning alongside so parallel) will truly be equal to the Olympic Games
- One day we will fulfil dreams and overcome the challenges and frustrations of people with disabilities.
Buy tickets to the London 2012 Paralympic Games
* Data taken from http://www.dlf.org.uk/content/key-facts
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.


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Is there a way to have pdfLaTeX emit separate PDF files for each
\included file, and somehow massage the
\includeonly mechanism so that when using the
\includeonly command those files are inserted in the resulting PDF file, but only the
\includeonlyed files are actually recompiled?
My main use of the
\includeonly mechanism is to speed up compilation when working on part of the document, but it results in the end PDF to not be complete —this is a bit annoying if one needs to refer to things in the excluded parts, for example. A modification of the mechanism as vaporously sketched above would solve this.


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Parrott wins regional quiz bowl; Stages! productions Thursday and Friday
APA wins regional quiz bowl
Arendell Parrott Academy won the Eastern North Carolina Regional Quiz Bowl Saturday at the Halifax County Agricultural Center Building in Halifax by defeating D.H. Conley of Pitt County in the final round of the double elimination contest.
Parrott advanced to regional by defeating six other teams at the Kinston-Lenoir County Public Library Quiz Bowl Jan. 26. Kipp High School from Halifax County and Southern Lee High School from Lee County participated in the regional. Parrott defeated Southern Lee in the first round and Conley in the second round. Conley defeated Southern Lee to get into the finals.
In the final round, Conley first defeated Parrott, giving each team one loss. Then, in the last game, Parrott defeated Conley for the championship.
Parrott team members were: Captain Lee Jenkins of Trenton, Conor Whitlark of Greenville and Forrest Kriss of Kinston, all juniors; and Thomas Grady of Kinston, sophomore. Alternates in attendance were: Gatty Atassi and William Brechtelsbauer, both of Greenville, sophomores; Hawes Collier of Washington, sophomore; and Allyson Stoner of Greenville, freshman.
�Our team did a tremendous job � and we especially appreciate the support of Kinston-Neuse Regional Library and The Friends of the Library who year after year support this educational competition,� said Vicki Kennedy, coach. �The Halifax Public Library did a great job of organizing the regional event.�
Plan to take in Stages!
The Kinston-Lenoir County Chamber of Commerce and The Lenoir County Education Foundation will sponsor Stages! from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. Thursday and Friday at the Kinston-Lenoir County Performing Arts Center on the Kinston High School campus.
Showcasing fine arts talents of students in Lenoir County Schools, Thursday performers include: Northeast Elementary School, Pink Hill Elementary School, Kinston High Band, Kinston High Chorus, North Lenoir High School Chorus, Rochelle Middle School, South Lenoir High School Band, Frink Middle School Band, Banks Elementary and Pre-K program.
Friday performers are: Contentnea-Savannah Band (Middle), Contentnea-Savannah Chorus (Elementary), Northwest Elementary School, Southwood Elementary School, North Lenoir Band, Woodington Middle School Chorus, La Grange Elementary School, Moss Hill Elementary School, Southeast Elementary School and South Lenoir Chorus.
Tickets are $5 in advance � available at the Chamber through Thursday � or $7 at the door.


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According to our free encylopedia,(wikipedia)
Graffiti (singular: graffito; the plural is used as a mass noun. Also known as Graff) is writing or drawings that have been scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place.
Street Art Graffiti is a world of pasting,spraying and making the wall streets more colorful, alive and attractive. It's unbelievable that they can come up with this superb art by using they're gifted hand and artistic mind. If you wanna try like this, you should do your homework, practice makes perfect.
Today we have collected awesomeness superb Street Art Graffiti that will boost your enthusiasm to create your first street art graffiti. Take a look our cool collections. If you like our post, please do share and like it. < <<---- 🙂 Continue reading…


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FRITZ!Box 7340 Service - Knowledge Base
AVM Content
- FRITZ!Box 7590
- FRITZ!Box 7583
- FRITZ!Box 7582
- FRITZ!Box 7581
- FRITZ!Box 7560
- FRITZ!Box 7530
- FRITZ!Box 7490
- FRITZ!Box 7430
- FRITZ!Box 7390
- FRITZ!Box 7369
- FRITZ!Box 7360
- FRITZ!Box 7330
- FRITZ!Box 7272
- FRITZ!Box 6890 LTE
- FRITZ!Box 6840 LTE
- FRITZ!Box 6820 LTE
- FRITZ!Box 6810 LTE
- FRITZ!Box 6591 Cable
- FRITZ!Box 6590 Cable
- FRITZ!Box 6490 Cable
- FRITZ!Box 5491
FRITZ!Box reports "The dynamic DNS update was successful, but an error occurred [...]"
The dynamic DNS domain name cannot be used to access the FRITZ!Box or devices in the home network. One of the following error messages is displayed in the event log of the FRITZ!Box:
- "Dynamic DNS error: The specified domain name cannot be resolved despite a successful update."
- "Dynamic DNS error: The dynamic DNS update was successful, but an error occurred during the subsequent DNS resolution."
Note:All instructions on configuration and settings given in this guide refer to the latest FRITZ!OS for the FRITZ!Box.
1 Entering the entire DynDNS domain name
- Click "Internet" in the FRITZ!Box user interface.
- Click "Permit Access" in the "Internet" menu.
- Click on the "Dynamic DNS" tab. If the tab is not displayed, enable the Advanced View first.
- In the "Domain name" field, enter the complete domain name, for example mydomain.dyndns.com. Refer to the dynamic DNS provider for information on the format.
- Click "Apply" to save the settings.
2 DNS servers on the internet were not updated yet
Some DNS servers on the internet do not immediately update the assignment of IP addresses to domain names. This means that they continue to reply to requests to dynamic DNS domain names with an old IP address for a while, although the FRITZ!Box already reported the new IP address to your dynamic DNS provider. This behavior of the DNS servers cannot be influenced by the FRITZ!Box or your dynamic DNS provider.
Normally the issue will resolve itself after a maximum of one hour, when the corresponding DNS servers on the internet are updated.


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Here to Help You.
The following resources are available to help you learn more.
Temporary funding opportunities are available to our residents through the following foundations:
- Alzheimers Association 1.866.232.8484
- Muscular Dystrophy 1.877.659.2508
- Multiple Sclerosis 1.877.447.3243
Respite stay will be provided for those who qualify. Please note that benefits vary by agency.
Veterans Affairs 410-605-7620
Many of our prospects are survivors and widows of survivors of armed conflict. Many of them are entitled to Veteran's benefits- Aid and Assistance. We have been helping those who qualify to get the paperwork and see that it is processed in a timely manner. Click here for additional resources.
Baltimore County Ombudsman Program 410-887-4200
The Ombudsman Program was created to protect the rights of nursing home residents and promote their well-being. Staff and volunteers in the Long Term Care Ombudsman Program serve as advocates for residents of long term care facilities such as nursing homes, assisted living facilities and continuing care retirement centers. The staff there can answer questions about long term care resident's rights, quality of care, nursing home alternatives, financing and pre-placement planning.


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Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
Evaluating Representation
|Make a Lesson Plan | Summing Up the Session | Final Journal
Rich mathematical tasks should incorporate the use of representations to help students show their thinking, using both non-traditional and traditional methods. Very young children will use physical gestures, drawings, and invented symbols. As students begin formal writing, the use of words and symbols can accompany these early representations. A good lesson will include opportunities for students to use various forms of representation as they complete a task. We want students to be able to translate among various types of representations, including models, diagrams, tables, charts, and graphs, as well as written representations, including numerical and symbolic forms -- moving from a concrete model to a written representation. Finally, representations should be imbedded in student discussions and class presentations to support students in communicating their mathematical thinking.
An effective lesson should include several stages. In the lessons you have viewed, you saw the teacher introduce a problem by first asking questions to help students understand the problem and make choices about possible tools and strategies to use. Students then worked with partners to solve the problem. A key component of an effective lesson is giving students opportunities to share their approaches, strategies, and solutions. The representations we have talked about in this session are the means by which young students think through and solve a problem, and then demonstrate their understanding of what the problem means. As discussed in previous sessions, the teacher must carefully craft the direction of this summary.
You will now use the information you learned in this session to plan a lesson for one of your classes. Plan an activity around a topic that will focus on the use of representations to demonstrate student thinking. Students' work should include representations of their ideas and solutions. You may want to choose an activity that relates to a concept we have introduced and explored in this session and can now be extended. Alternatively, you may use a problem you teach in your subject area, or select one of the samples from the Learning Math courses.
After you have created your lesson plan, use the Classroom Checklist (an Adobe PDF document) to evaluate it.
|Teaching Math Home | Grades K-2 | Representation | Site Map | © |
© Annenberg Foundation 2017. All rights reserved. Legal Policy


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Housed within 35 Park Place is OHIO's Office of Nationally Competitive Awards, which is celebrating its 15th anniversary this year.
Photo courtesy of: University Communications and Marketing
Feb 19, 2014
By Angela Woodward
Tucked away in the offices at 35 Park Place on Ohio University's Athens Campus is the Office of Nationally Competitive Awards (ONCA). It's a relatively small office but one that helps deliver life-changing and career-enhancing opportunities to the students it serves.
This year marks the 15th anniversary of ONCA's founding. Housed within OHIO's Honors Tutorial College (HTC), ONCA and its staff serve the entire campus, working with and advising undergraduate and graduate students from all of the University's academic units as they compete for such prestigious honors as the Fulbright, Marshall and Rhodes scholarships.
"ONCA is really one of the premier programs at Ohio University," explained Jeremy Webster, dean of HTC who oversees ONCA.
Webster joined Beth Clodfelter, director of ONCA, and some OHIO students who have benefited from ONCA in sharing the office's story at The Ohio University Foundation Board of Trustees luncheon on Feb. 14. It was a fitting setting for celebrating ONCA's 15th anniversary as the initial funding for the office came from an 1804 Grant from the foundation.
A pioneer among the nation's public universities, when ONCA was founded in 1999, it was one of the first such offices in the country at a non-Ivy League institution.
Fifteen years later, ONCA is proud to say that almost every year every college on the Athens Campus has at least one student who has received a competitive award with the office's assistance. In fact, according to Clodfelter, in the past five years more than 630 OHIO students have applied for at least 803 competitive awards.
"ONCA reaches out to students all over campus," Clodfelter explained. "We try to find the most outstanding students who can go head-to-head with Ivy Leaguers and the best students around the country and earn these awards."
After identifying those students who are capable of competing for these national and international awards, the ONCA staff advises the students through the process of applying for the awards.
"This gives us a chance to get to know these students as people, to try to help them clarify their career goals, to talk to them about how to progress toward those goals in concrete ways and to try to help students maximize their educational experience at Ohio University," Clodfelter said.
ONCA's rather small staff and its work are supplemented by the generous contributions of OHIO faculty and staff who help students through the awards application process. Clodfelter noted that this past fall 92 faculty and staff members helped OHIO students applying for the Fulbright U.S. Student Competition by writing letters of recommendation, by participating on interview panels and/or by administering foreign language evaluations – all for just one award. In any given year, she said, 200 or more OHIO faculty and staff members assist ONCA applicants.
And while the end goal is that these students will receive the awards they compete for, ONCA also aims to make the application process itself an educational experience for students.
"Students have told us that their interactions with us and their professors has helped them clarify their career goals and gain practical skills that will be beneficial for future grant proposals and future competitions," Clodfelter said.
One of those students is Austin Way, an OHIO senior studying engineering physics through HTC who shared his story at the trustees' luncheon.
With ONCA's assistance, Way was awarded the Ernest F. Hollings Undergraduate Scholarship his sophomore year. The scholarship is provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to students whose studies focus on the environment and includes tuition assistance as well as a stipend for a summer internship or lab.
Way opted to pursue lab work at the NOAA Earth Systems Research Lab in Boulder, Colo., where he worked on a computer modeling program and was introduced to the lifestyle of a government researcher. He walked away from the summer experience with great professional contacts, including his advisor at the lab who offered him a part-time job and a researcher at the National Renewable Energy Lab in Golden, Colo., who expressed interest in working with him. Both offers were contingent on Way attending graduate school in Colorado.
"This experience very much confirmed my career path," Way explained. "It confirmed my decision to attend graduate school and to become a research scientist. Getting research experience at a national lab is not something most undergraduates can say they've done. … I believe it's safe to say that this award will really make me stand out among other graduate school applicants.
"This is really where I want to thank ONCA because it was this experience that really put me in the right place," Way continued. "They did so much for me. We went through so many revisions to my essay that it wasn't even funny. It was an extreme process, but it really prepared me for what I needed to do later on."
Way credited the application process he embarked on with ONCA with helping him to secure a fellowship nomination at the University of Illinois as well as a fellowship offer from the University of Wisconsin. He is still weighing those options against the offers in Colorado and said he will rely on his contacts at ONCA to help guide him in making final decisions.
"The work that the people at ONCA do, the knowledge and expertise that they possess is really enlightening and helpful for students," Way said. "I can't say enough about what ONCA has meant to me personally."
Annie Sand is yet another ONCA success story. A senior English literature major in HTC, Sand is a Fulbright finalist who explained that ONCA helped her broaden her educational horizons.
"We use a lot of construction metaphors in education," Sand said. "We talk about laying a foundation for success or building for a better future, and it's a great metaphor. One problem with that though is we talk about building our students almost as pyramids. We lay the groundwork with general education courses, and it narrows through courses in our majors and internships and all these opportunities, leading to that one thing a student wants to do – a capstone, a career, that perfect resume for the job we want. I found that what ONCA has done for me and a lot of other students is given them the opportunity to build horizontally and not vertically and give a breadth to their education that they wouldn't have otherwise."
Sand explained that ONCA's previous director, Brandon Bute, had encouraged her to participate in a program in Israel – an experience that completely changed her college experience. After returning from Israel, she started pursuing an Islamic Studies certificate, began learning Arabic and became involved in campus organizations dedicated to peace in the Middle East. She was, in fact, building a pyramid with the end goal of returning to the Middle East.
By her senior year, Sand said she began questioning if that was really what she wanted to do. Sand visited Clodfelter last spring, explaining that she was considering pursuing a Fulbright and was seeking some advice.
Clodfelter asked her simply, "Where do you want to go?" Sand replied, "Southeast Asia."
One year later, Sand said, "Suddenly I'm a Fulbright finalist to go teach English in Malaysia. I found that instead of being a pyramid, my education has been like building this incredible city with all these back alleys and tangents … and I'm so much better prepared for so many different things that I want to do. I have so many options on the table. I'm not limited. I can do anything now. And I really have ONCA to thank for that."


text:
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I am ALWAYS satisfied and happy with Dr. Buckley's professional work. Office staff is very friendly and helpful.
FAT TRANSFER TO FACE/ABDOMINAL LIPOSCULPTURE, BOTOX Dr. Buckley and his staff are amazing. My experience has always been extremely professional, warm and welcoming. Dr. Buckley possesses what every doctor should. He is a gifted artist. I can't say e…
My husband and I have been treated by Doctors Marina and Richard Buckley since their grand opening in 1987. I have great trust and faith in both doctors as they have treated me for everything from chronic adult diseases to dermatological conditions a…
MilfordMD Cosmetic Dermatology
Surgery & Laser Center
303 W. Harford St, Milford, PA 18337
* DISCLAIMER: Individual results vary. Patient testimonials, images or videos do not constitute a promise or representation of any particular outcome or experience. Each patient's experience, recovery and results will be unique depending on their skin, age, health and other individual factors. Best results may be promoted with a proper diet and regular exercise. Users should review the "terms of use" before using the Web site. This web site is for information only. Do not use the information herein to diagnose or treat your cosmetic surgery or medical problems. You should contact your physician with all medical questions and concerns before using this website. Proudly serving the tri-state area for over 30 years, including New York cities such as Warwick & Middletown, New Jersey cities such as Sparta & Lake Hopatcong, and Pennsylvania cities such as Scranton & Wilkes-Barre © by Pocono Medical Care, Inc. and Richard E. Buckley, MD. All rights reserved.
Click here for information about Internal Medicine.


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Whoops, I came to make these and realised I had no brown sugar. I used raw sugar instead. According to the recipe the cookies should spread a bit while cooking. Mine didn't, probably because of the different sugar (or my hopelessness at any form of baking). But the result was great. These tasty, not too sweet morsels would be good in a lunch box. They reminded me of eating a muesli bar without that horrible dryness.
Alison and Simon say the name comes from the fact that "you would never know by their taste or appearance that these biscuits contain relatively little oil and are high in fibre from rolled oats and wholemeal flour".
Makes 30-36
1 cup rolled oats
1 cup wholemeal flour
1/2 tsp baking soda
1/2 tsp salt
1/2 cup chocolate chips
1/2 cup sultanas
1/2 cup chopped walnuts
1/2 cup canola oil
1 large egg
1/2 cup brown sugar
1/2 cup white sugar
1 tsp vanilla
Preheat the oven to 190C, with the rack just below the middle.
1 Measure the oats into a food processor fitted with the chopping blade and process until they resemble coarse flour. Transfer the processed oats to a large bowl and add the wholemeal flour, baking soda (make sure there are no lumps), salt, chocolate chips, sultanas and walnuts, and stir to combine.
2 Put the oil, egg and the sugars in the food processor and process until pale and creamy-looking. Add the vanilla and process again to mix.
3 Pour this mixture into the dry ingredients and stir until thoroughly combined.
4 Using two spoons, drop small walnut-sized piles of the mixture oven sheets lined with baking paper, leaving 4-5cm between each pile to allow spreading as they cook.
5 Place one tray at a time in the middle of the oven and bake for 10-12 minutes until golden brown. Cool the cookies on a wire rack. Store in an airtight container.
Extracted with permission from The Ultimate Vegetarian Collection by Simon and Alison Holst, published by New Holland, RRP $55.


text: Welcome and thank you for visiting the eSaint web site. eSaint is dedicated to the St Kilda Football Club - the world's greatest Australian Football team. It features digital stories about supporters and places that relate to St Kilda. Please click on contact (below) if you have a story idea that you would like to discuss with eSaint's producer.


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The European fisheries fund (EFF) provides funding to the fishing industry and coastal communities to help them adapt to changing conditions in the sector and become economically resilient and ecologically sustainable.
The EFF has a budget of €4.3 billion for 2007-2013. Funding is available for all sectors of the industry – sea and inland fishing, aquaculture (the farming of fish, shellfish and aquatic plants), and processing and marketing of fisheries products. Particular attention is given to fishing communities most affected by recent changes in the industry.
Projects are funded on the basis of strategic plans and operational programmes drawn up by national authorities. There are five priority areas (axes) for EFF funding:
Further reading:
Axis 4


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I was sitting in the Palm Court
room of the luxurious Langham Hilton in London. Across the street was the
BBC building, where I had just spent most of the day being interviewed.
My hostess was Erin Pizzey of Saga Magazine, England's most prestigious
periodical for people over fifty. I felt emblazoned by her outpouring of
admiration for my new book, Brain Longevity, The Breakthrough Medical Program
that Improves Your Mind and Memory (Warner Books US, Random House UK).
It was clear to her that this book, co-written with noted science writer
Cameron Stauth, was monumental. As we sat back in the over-sized chairs,
while they served us peppermint tea, she looked at me and said, "This is
your mission, isn't it? Isn't it your life's work?"
"Yes, it is true." I answered "It
is my mission to make this work available to health care practitioners
so they can in turn help their patients prevent and reverse memory loss."
Beyond that, we can show people how to develop and maintain high levels
of brain power at any age or stage of life." "The reason," I continued,
"is that the brain is after all just flesh and blood."
This fact has been ignored by neurological
researchers for years, as they struggled to find the one "magic bullet"
that would reverse Alzheimer's disease. Now, recent studies showing a positive
correlation between vitamin E and slowing of cognitive decline in patients
with moderate Alzheimer's, has many researchers saying that enhancing overall
brain health may be one of the key factors in maintaining optimal levels
of brain function as we age.
It makes sense that a brain longevity
lifestyle program would be effective because it nurtures the brain on every
level. Lifestyle modification has already proven to be effective in helping
patients suffering from the three greatest killers of people in the world;
heart disease, cancer and strokes. As Erin and I discussed the program,
it was she who put the tremendous social implications of Brain Longevity
into perspective. She felt it was critically important to get this information
out so we can avoid the potential holocaust of brain degeneration in staggering
numbers as we age as a world- wide society. "You know," she told me, "I've
read that because Alzheimer's Disease is a disease of age (with nearly
fifty percent of people developing it at age eighty-five) if we can slow
the incidence of it by five years, we can virtually cut it in half." And
she went on, "If we can slow it by ten years, we can literally bring an
end to this scourge. We will simply out live it, and we have got to do
"It is also imperative to help people
with age associated memory loss," I explained, " because fifteen percent
of people with what used to be thought of as a benign disorder progress
to real dementia. If we can do this, perhaps we can limit the cognitive
decline associated with aging. Instead of entering a spiral of degeneration
with every passing year, we can enter into a cycle of regeneration, imparting
wisdom to the generations that follow.
The Brain Longevity Program consists
of four pillars.
1) The first pillar is nutritional modification, including
a fifteen to twenty percent fat diet and special supplements. Many times
I am asked if someone on a Brain Longevity Program has to be a vegetarian.
The answer is no. They simply have to move away from what used to be called
a high fat American diet, rich in high cholesterol foods such as meat and
eggs. Adding breast of chicken, fish and non-animal protein products such
as tofu is helpful. Certain fish is especially good for the brain. These
fish includes salmon, tuna, trout, mackerel, and sardines. As far as supplementation
is concerned, the most important are B complex vitamins for energy, 50
mg a day vitamin E, 400-800 IU a day for anti-oxidant action, Co-enzyme
Q-10,100 mg a day, for its neuro-protective effects, the herb Gingko Biloba,
120 mg a day to increase blood flow to the brain, and a relatively new
brain-specific compound with the imposing scientific name of PhosphatidylSerine.
I tell my patients to simply remember it as PS, like that old Beatles song,
P.S., I Love You. PS, in doses of 200-300 mg a day, is the subject of many
studies around the world, showing that it improves attention, concentration,
short term memory and imparts a protective effect against stress chemicals.
This is critically important and leads to the second aspect of the Brain
Longevity Program.


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A guy walks into a bar and announces that he can close his eyes and name what kind of alcohol he is drinking and how old it is, just by taste and smell.
A drunken guy at the bar says, "I bet I can give you a drink that you can't name."
"You're on," replies the guy, "as long as you pay."
So the drunken guy puts a drink on the table. The guy sips it, gags and spits it out. "This tastes like piss!"
"Yeah," says the drunken guy, "now guess how old I am."


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OK we've finally finished editing the documentary about our overland expedition along Angola's River Kwanza in June / July 2016. Total journey was 1300km, with 984km of kayaking. Film is 50 minutes long and can be watched here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIfnrQJ ... e=youtu.be
For more information about our expedition, or to donate to The HALO Trust, please checkout our main website: http://www.kayakthekwanza.com/
Enjoy! Happy to answer any questions about the journey on this message board.


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Complimentary, basic Wi-Fi service is available for travelers along with a paid, premium service.
Travelers selecting the complimentary wireless option will watch a brief advertisement before the 45 minute wireless session. Customers may use as many free sessions as they choose. A fee-based Wi-Fi service is also available for travelers that prefer greater-bandwidth or an uninterrupted, commercial-free session.
The BWI Marshall Airport Wi-Fi service is provided by the Airport's concessions developer, AIRMALL, and Advanced Wireless Group. For information and to log on to the wireless service, please see http://airportwifi.com/BWI.


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The OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) has completed a Special Review of the Slovak Republic's international development co-operation programme. This makes the Slovak Republic the fourth country from beyond the DAC's membership to undergo such a special review, after Poland (2010)the Czech Republic in 2007 and Korea in 2008.
Browse the full review (pdf, 912 kB)
The Special Review concludes that the Slovak Republic has put in place many of the legislative, strategic and institutional building blocks for its development co-operation. Slovakia now has scope to strengthen its development co-operation system so that it can achieve its development objectives more efficiently, effectively and transparently for the benefit of poor people in its partner countries. Slovakia's development co-operation faces several challenges, but the Review considers that solutions to these are available. In responding to these challenges Slovakia should focus on: (i) strengthening the leadership of its development co-operation, particularly the key role played by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; (ii) increasing the visibility of the entirety of its development co-operation within Slovakia; and (iii) improving the delivery of its Official Development Assistance (ODA).
The Special Review was a consultative process, drawing on the DAC's experience and methodology in conducting Peer Reviews. Special Reviews are part of the DAC's efforts to strengthen collaboration with other providers of development cooperation.
A conference was held in Bratislava on 3 October 2012 to discuss how the Slovak Republic is using and building on the findings from its Special Review as it sets the future orientations for its development co-operation.
Related Documents


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Researchers say the skull and jaw of last English monarch to die in battle were badly damaged, lending support to reports that the blows that killed him were so heavy that it drove the king's crown into his head.
They also conclude that Richard III may have been as anxious and fearful as William Shakespeare portrayed him – he ground his teeth with stress.
Researchers also found that the king had suffered severe tooth decay, perhaps as a result of his privileged position and a sweet tooth.
Dr Amit Rai, a general dental practitioner in London who wrote a paper for the British Dental Journal, said: "Richard is likely to have been killed by one of two blows to the base of the skull from some of the most advanced military weapons of the time.
"Several accounts of Richard III reveal that he rode into battle wearing his crown which, despite this making him an easy target, is consistent with the location of the battlefield injuries he sustained on his skull."
The skeleton of Richard III was found beneath a council car park in September 2012.
The discovery was described as one of the most significant archaeological finds in history. DNA analysis was used to confirm the skeleton belonged to the monarch by matching it to that of living descendants.
King Richard died in 1485 during the Battle of Bosworth in the War of the Roses over the English throne. Reports from the time say he was hit so hard by the blows from a Welsh swordsman that his crown or helmet were driven into his skull.
His body was taken to Grey Friars Church in Leicester where it was buried in a shallow grave.
Centuries later the site was built over by the council to form a car park until archaeologists dug him up.
The remains have provided valuable insights into what life was like for the last Plantagenet king.
Dr Rai said the monarch's teeth and jaw showed signs of rudimentary signs of medieval dentistry while some of the teeth showed signs of decay from a diet rich in carbohydrates and sugar.
Surface loss on a number of back teeth and upper right teeth suggest he also suffered from stress-related bruxism, or teeth grinding.
Whether this was because he was wracked with guilt over the fate of the Princes in the Tower, who he is accused of murdering to assume the throne, may never be clear.
Dr Rai also found evidence that Richard III had undergone dental surgery and had two teeth removed at the hands of barber surgeons.
Tartar was also found on the teeth in the King's upper jaw.
Dr Rai added: "Analysis of this tartar will enable the identification of the strains and diversity of bacteria which once inhabited Richard's mouth and provide a better insight into his diet and oral hygiene habits."


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With Monday's announcement of major penalties for Michael Waltrip Racing, USA TODAY Sports motor sports reporter Jeff Gluck looks at other recent major NASCAR penalties.
2013: Matt Kenseth's lightweight engine rod
Matt Kenseth was docked 50 points, and crew chief Jason Ratcliff was fined $200,000 and suspended for seven races. Team owner Joe Gibbs was banned from collecting owner points for six races, Kenseth's win didn't count toward the Chase and his pole didn't count toward the 2014 Sprint Unlimited race.
PUNISHMENT: Newman in Chase after historic penalties
But on appeal, the penalty was mostly overturned. The points penalty was reduced to 12, Ratcliff's suspension was reduced to one race and Gibbs was allowed to collect owner points again. The $200,000 fine remained in place, however.
It's worth noting 50 points is worth approximately 200 under the old points system.
2009: Carl Long's over-sized engine
Journeyman racer Carl Long was fined $200,000, docked 200 points and suspended for 12 weeks after his engine was found to be too big by one-sixth of an inch. Long is still banned from the Sprint Cup garage because he was never able to afford the fine; he has worked in the Nationwide Series from time to time.
RYAN COLUMN: NASCAR punishment won't fix problem
2007: Michael Waltrip Racing's jet fuel
An illegal fuel additive caused NASCAR to fine Michael Waltrip Racing $100,000 — at the time the largest fine in NASCAR history — and dock the team 100 points prior to the Daytona 500. Crew chief David Hyder and competition director Bobby Kennedy were kicked out of the garage and suspended indefinitely.
1995: Jeff Gordon's All-Star car
Jeff Gordon crew chief Ray Evernham was docked $60,000 for unapproved suspension parts at The Winston (now known as the Sprint All-Star Race).
Follow USA TODAY Sports motor sports reporter Jeff Gluck on Twitter @jeff_gluck.


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Nothing Good About ItCategories:Other Brands
Your first warning with a site like this should be the ridiculous price. 'Ridiculous' when it comes to price usually refers to an outrageously high number. In this case it`s way too low! If someone tells you they`re going to sell you a high quality replica handbag for $21 you might as well ask if they`ll throw in a stolen car for another fifty bucks. Good china handbags.com may be honest about the value of their bags, but that doesn`t change the fact that they`re useless.
The quality is in perfect balance with the price – terrible, absolutely terrible. I didn`t expect much. In fact I expected a disaster and, well, that`s what I got. I bought a laughable Coach Madison Tote, which is a lovely bag in reality, and I`ve been on the hunt for one for a while. When I found one here for 21 dollars I nearly fell over, and for the sake of the review went ahead with it.
The logo was upside down! How in the world? The poor guy in the factory must have glued a thousand of these on that day, and well, got dizzy!
The canvas is really cheap, the leather feels like vinyl bus seats, the zipper was bent and flimsy, the interior is hideous, and with an upside down logo and a crappy signature Coach pattern, there`s not much to redeem this bag.
To be honest, who really cares? If all the bags are $21, that means they`re worth, what? $5? Do you really care if there are 10 or 5000 bags that are worth $5? Not a single one is going to be worth buying, unless you`re hoping to have a costume party! For what it`s worth, they have pretty much all the possible types of product that you can get in replica, from bags to clothes, shoes, watches, jewelry and wallets.
Shipping came from China in a very strange and mysterious package. It took two weeks and looked rather disheveled upon arrival. As for their shipping policy, there isn`t one! There is no text whatsoever on the site. You`re completely in the dark!
Return Policy
There isn`t one! Now that`s unheard of. On the site there is no declared return policy, which if the bags weren`t only $21 would completely rule out any purchase. It`s not like you`re taking a big risk…When I called and asked the poor guy had terrible English, and he seemed to suggest that yes, you could return a damaged bag, but how, he couldn`t explain. He told me to email.
Site Usability
The pictures of the bags are too small, and there`s only one picture for each bag, which makes it awful difficult to get any real sense of them. The layout of the site is fine, but the utter lack of information, either in terms of the features of the bags, or the return and shipping policies is unforgivable.
They meant well, I assume…but that`s not good enough. The staff was an absolute headache to get a hold of and they barely understood anything I was saying. I am honestly not the kind of person that feels it`s ok to slack someone simply because they`re not a native English speaker, but when it comes to customer service world wide, it`s absolutely essential that you be able to communicate. If you`re going to receive credit card payments especially, it`s not a question.
My Humble Conclusion
The only reason I`d see someone wanting to buy one of these bags is if they were having a costume party and everyone wanted to dress like a candy store version of a fashionista. You could get all decked out in the clothes, watches, handbags, wallets, shoes, sunglasses, head to toe in terrible quality replica and have a great time. If you plan on taking your purchase seriously, stay way the heck away from here.
Tags: handbags wallets watches shoes clothes sunglasses


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AppleCare products provide expert telephone technical support and additional hardware service options from Apple.
Because Apple makes the hardware, the operating system and many applications, Apple products are truly integrated systems. And only AppleCare products give you one-stop service and support from Apple experts, so most issues can be resolved in a single call.
AppleCare product benefits are separate from and in addition to any legal rights provided by consumer protection laws. For details, click here.


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Jeremy Ray Taylor
IMDb: 8.1
135 min
In the Town of Derry, the local kids are disappearing one by one, leaving behind bloody remains. In a place known as 'The Barrens', a ...
Actors: Jaeden Lieberher, Jeremy Ray Taylor, Sophia Lillis, Finn Wolfhard, Chosen Jacobs, Jack Dylan Grazer, Wyatt Oleff, Bill Skarsgård, Nicholas Hamilton, Jake Sim, Logan Thompson, Owen Teague, Jackson Robert Scott, Stephen Bogaert, Stuart Hughes
Goosebumps 2: Haunted HalloweenHD
IMDb: 6.2
90 min
Goosebumps 2: Haunted Halloween is a movie starring Wendi McLendon-Covey, Madison Iseman, and Jeremy Ray Taylor. Two young friends find a magic book that brings ...
Country: USA


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November 14, 2012
UCLA Anderson IS Associates Names Allergan's Chief Executive Officer David E.I. Pyott Executive Leader of the Year
LOS ANGELES -- UCLA Anderson School of Management announced that it will honor David E.I. Pyott, chairman of the board, president and chief executive officer of Allergan, Inc., with the 2012 IS Associates Executive Leadership Award. The award, given annually by the leading group of information technology professionals in southern California, recognizes senior executives who do an extraordinary job of leading their companies, while exploiting information technology (IT) within their organization. The award will be presented to Pyott at the IS Associates Executive Leadership Award Dinner on December 12, 2012, at the UCLA campus.
"Developing and effectively deploying the latest technologies requires innovative leadership from the top of an organization. At Allergan, David Pyott has proven himself to be that type of visionary leader," said Judy Olian, dean of UCLA Anderson School of Management. "This recognition by the IS Associates deservedly recognizes David's constructive use of technology to advance his leadership agenda."
Pyott joined Allergan in January 1998 as president and chief executive officer, and he was named chairman of the board in 2001. During his tenure, Pyott focused the company's strategy on specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices, helping the company achieve an annual sales growth of approximately 17%.
From the early days as an eye care company, Allergan has grown to be one of the leading innovators in the multi-specialty health care industry, including pharmaceuticals, biologics and over-the-counter consumer products and employs approximately 10,500 employees, with a presence in more than 100 countries.
In addition to his role at Allergan, in 2006, Pyott was bestowed with the honor of Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) by Her Majesty the Queen in acknowledgement of his contribution to British business excellence and management skills in the United States. Pyott has been honored with several awards over the years; in 2009 Harvard Business Review ranked him #50 of the Best-Performing CEO's in the world, #1 CEO in Specialty Pharma by Institutional Investor magazine in 2005 & 2007. Also, Allergan was rated by Forbes as #6 on the list of Best Managed Companies in 2006. In 2010, he received an honorary degree, the UCI Medal, and the Moacyr Alvaro Gold Medal for services to Brazilian ophthalmology.
"UCLA Anderson IS Associates is very excited to honor David Pyott as he has consistently leveraged information technology to create a sustainable competitive business advantage for his organization," said Rob Devers 2012 Chair, UCLA Anderson IS Associates. "He has worked closely with his IT team to implement significant technology advances throughout his organization in support of his business strategy, cost reduction, innovation and customer satisfaction in a highly regulated environment where quality is crucial."
About IS Associates
UCLA Anderson IS Associates was established in 1978 as a professional partnership between UCLA Anderson School of Management and corporate and governmental enterprises. It is dedicated to the more effective management and understanding of information systems, and the leadership of the IS function. The organization involves senior executives, leading consultants and suppliers, and faculty, staff and students of UCLA Anderson in a program of information-sharing and education. Membership is open to organizations involved in the professional application of information systems to business and government. For more information, please visit: www.isassociates.org.
About UCLA Anderson
UCLA Anderson School of Management is among the leading business schools in the world. UCLA Anderson faculty members are globally renowned for their teaching excellence and research in advancing management thinking. Each year, UCLA Anderson provides a distinctive approach to management education to more than 1,800 students enrolled in its MBA, Fully-Employed MBA, Executive MBA, Global Executive MBA for Asia Pacific, Global Executive MBA for the Americas, Master of Financial Engineering, doctoral and executive education programs. Combining selective admissions, varied and innovative learning programs, and a world-wide network of 37,000 alumni, UCLA Anderson develops and prepares global leaders. Follow UCLA Anderson on Twitter at http://twitter.com/UCLAAnderson, or on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/uclaanderson
Contact Information
Media Relations, (310) 206-7707, firstname.lastname@example.com