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Browsing Working Papers (INF) by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 99Next Page
Rukanova, Boriana; van Stijn, Eveline; Zinner Henriksen, Helle; Baida, Ziv; Tan, Yao-Hua (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: A major challenge for European governments is solving the dilemma of increasing security and control of international trade, while at the same time reducing the administrative overhead carried by commercial and public administration organizations. Process redesign and use of ICT are widely perceived as key components of a solution. Thus, we see that many ICT-driven change efforts have taken and continue to take place under the header of eGovernment. These changes are not always successful, however, and not yet wellunderstood. In this article, we provide an interpretive longitudinal account of the strategic IS efforts at the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (DTCA). Instead of focusing on IS that supports the government itself or the relations between governments and citizens, we seek to contribute to the sparse literature that is specifically directed at the interactions between EU initiatives in eGovernment, national governments, and businesses. By providing a narrative of DTCA that spans multiple levels and multiple time frames, we seek to explore eGovernment developments from the 1960s to now. We discuss our findings by examining the changes at DTCA building primarily on Van de Ven & Poole's (1995) work "Explaining development and change in organizations" in which they describe four "motors of change" – life cycle, teleology, dialectics, and evolution – and we combine it with some of Pettigrew's ideas on change. This combinatory theory offers a way of thinking about the occurrence of change in a dynamic context, both for researchers and practitioners. A key implication is that the theory is not only useful retrospectively, but can also be used to identify "running motors" and as such, awareness of the complexities and dynamics of these change processes can provide an impetus for managers and action researchers to identify challenges and opportunities to influence change. Keywords: eGovernment, eCustoms, regulation, organizational change, longitudinal, historical, interpretive URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6449
Files in this item: 1
The QualiGlobe Experience of Production EfficiencyHolm Larsen, Michael; Lynggard, Hans Jørgen B. (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of using product models to support product lifecycle activities with particular focus on the production phase. The motivation of the research is that products are produced more costly and with longer lead-time than necessary. The paper provides a review of product modelling technologies and approaches, and the overall architecture for the Product State Model (PSM) Environment as a basis for quality monitoring. Especially, the paper focuses on the circumstances prevailing in a one-of-a-kind manufacturing environment like the shipbuilding industry, where product modelling technologies already have proved their worth in the design and engineering phases of shipbuilding and in the operation phase. However, the handling of product information on the shop floor is not yet equally developed. The paper reports from the Brite-Euram project (No. BE97-4510) QualiGlobe focusing on the development activities of the PSM architecture. An example discusses how to handle product related information on the shop floor in a manufacturing company and focuses on how dynamically updated product data can improve control of production activities. This prototype example of welding a joint between two steel plates serves as proof of concept for the PSM architecture. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6517
Files in this item: 1no.15.pdf (201.9Kb)
the efficacy of institutional discourseZinner Henriksen, Helle; Viborg Andersen, Kim (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: During the mid to late 1990s, shaping diffusion of B2B e-commerce was a key priority for governments and business associations. Viewing e-commerce as the key to continuous economic growth and a vehicle for transformation to the digital economy, national action plans were formulated to accelerate the standard development and adoption of e-commerce. This chapter argues that the Danish EDI Action Plan from 1996 cemented structural problems for the ongoing adoption and diffusion of newer B2B technologies due to a discrepancy between goals and actions, imbalanced partner allocation in standard development and an overwhelming focus on the public sector despite ambitions to fuel the overall business adoption of B2B e-commerce. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6475
Files in this item: 1utility_ inf working paper.pdf (381.9Kb)
Levinsen, Karin; Madsen, Sabine (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Ud fra aktionsforskning af faget Informationsbehandling på bachelorprogrammet HA/DØK ved Copenhagen Business School undersøger vi i denne artikel hvilke barriere de studerende oplever i forbindelse med læring af holistisk systemudvikling og hvorfor. Siden 1980'erne har man i (dele af) litteraturen anset den 'gode' systemudvikler for at være en, der kunne fungere som brobygger mellem brugere og programmører og navigere ubesværet inden for og imellem anvendelses- og problemområdet (dvs. mellem brugernes og IT systemets område og opgaver). HA/DØK uddannelsen blev udviklet for at uddanne studerende med brobyggerkompetencer. En summativ kvalitetsvurdering har dog vist, at der eksisterer et misforhold mellem den uddannelsesmæssige intention og de studerendes faktiske læring og eksamenspræstationer på faget Informationsbehandling. Vores undersøgelse af dette misforhold viser, at mens de studerende er gode til at tænke og handle udfra problemområdet,så kæmper alle studerende uanset fagligt niveau med at nå de læringsmål, der omhandler forståelse for og inddragelse af viden om anvendelsesområdet. Vi foreslår, at de studerendes vanskeligheder skyldes, at de pga. HA/DØK studiet tilrettelæggelse allerede er proficiente funktionalister når de starter på Informationsbehandling, mens de i forhold til anvendelsesområdet må betegnes som novicer. Vi opridser forskellige alternativer til at hjælpe de studerende med at overvinde barriererne og/eller opfylde læringsmålene. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6500
Files in this item: 102-2007.pdf (367.5Kb)
A Longitudinal Study of Corporate and Organisational Identity DynamicsKjærgaard, Annemette; Morsing, Mette (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Research on identity has raised attention to the importance for managers to align corporate and organisational identity, and to express those identity features that are central, distinct and enduring to strengthen corporate image and reputation among a variety of stakeholders. Drawing from an extensive data collection from two longitudinal studies in the same organisation, Oticon A/S, this study challenges the advantage of an enduring corporate identity by exploring how the dynamics between an organisation's corporate identity and its organisational identity unfolded over time. Following a grounded theoretical approach, a process model is developed to show how the strong corporate identity fluctuated from being productive for the alignment of organisational identity and member identification to being counterproductive during a period of ten years. The paper discusses the implications of endurance of a strong corporate identity, and contrary to prior research we suggest that a strong corporate identity may result in member disidentification. We also suggest that a strong enduring corporate identity may impede organisational development, because top management will disappoint external and internal audiences if a corporate identity change is suggested. The paper concludes by encouraging more longitudinal research to advance knowledge about the complex dynamics of interplay between corporate and organisational identity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6451
Files in this item: 1
from Think Aloud to Participatory AnalysisNielsen, Janni (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Think Aloud is cost effective, promises access to the user's mind and is the applied usability technique. But "keep talking" is difficult, besides, the multimodal interface is visual not verbal. Eye-tracking seems to get around the verbalisation problem. It captures the visual focus of attention. However, it is expensive, obtrusive and produces huge amount of data. Besides, eye-tracking do not give access to user's mind. Capturing interface/cursor tracking may be cost effective. It is easy to install, data collection is automatic and unobtrusive and replaying the captured recording to the user and probing about her actions and thoughts open for participatory analysis. Keywords usability test, cost effective, unobtrusive, TA, eye and cursor tracking, user experience, participatory analysis URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6501
Files in this item: 114-2004.pdf (347.6Kb)
Interessetilkendegivelse vedrørende oprettelse af et tværinstitutionelt center for grundforskning i "Læring i virtuelle miljøer"Danielsen, Oluf; Dirckinck-Holmfeld, Lone; Fibiger, Bo; Nielsen, Janni; Sørensen, Birgitte-Hom (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6512
Files in this item: 107-2004.pdf (481.2Kb)
Experiences from IndiaSudhanshu, Rai (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper is an outcome of my experience as a team member of the Euro-India Innovation mapping project. The project set out to map India's IT Innovativeness over two years from January 2008-to December 2009. Here I bring to the fore the different methodologies that we reviewed in order to implement the innovation mapping project and our realization that each methodology in itself though useful may not be sufficient to address the complexity of the subject matter due to the vastness of India and its emerging nature. I outline some of the challenges faced by us when designing a methodology for mapping innovation in a large emerging economy. I discuss some solutions and report on how we solved the problem only to be faced with newer challenges. A methodological design is a challenging endeavor in the normal of time, when it comes to doing the same in a large emerging economy the problems becomes compounded. I highlight some of these problems and discuss some solutions in this paper. I conclude this paper with some insights proposing a mix methodology approach has been useful in addressing the challenges of data collection in emerging economies using our Indian experience as a backdrop to our findings. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8263
Files in this item: 1Sudhanshu_Working Paper--1.pdf (62.84Kb)
Enterprise Achitecture versus Total Cost of OwnershipHolm Larsen, Michael; Holck, Jesper; Kühn Pedersen, Mogens (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract: The paper presents an explorative study of Open Source Software (OSS) focusing on the managerial decisions for acquisition of OSS. Based on three case studies we argue that whereas small organizations often may chose adoption of OSS expecting significant cost savings, a major barrier for larger organizations' adoption of OSS lies in the organizations' consolidation of the enterprise architectures, in addition to that OSS will not be adopted before satisfactory delivery and procurement models for OSS are established. Keywords: Open Source Software, OSS, Enterprise Architecture, Total Cost of Ownership, Delivery and Procurement Model. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6490
Files in this item: 1wp 11-2004.pdf (348.3Kb)
the case of NTT DoCoMoEngel Nielsen, Lars; Mahnke, Volker (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In recent years, the leading Japanese wireless operator NTT DoCoMo has risen from being largely unknown outside Japan to international fame. Ground-breaking service innovations such as the world's first wireless internet service, I-mode, the world's first third generation wireless service FOMA, as well as the company's successful proliferation of its W-CDMA 3G technologies as the UMTS standard in Europe have generally impressed the troubled telecom industry on its brink to the new era wireless data services. Conversely, much scientism has been aired whether the NTT DoCoMo experience applies to European and US contexts due to differences in e.g. demographics, Internet penetration, and wireless industry structures. To date, these considerations have largely been based on anecdotal reports in trade magazines and an increasing number of case studies focused primarily on the I-mode service (e.g. Mulder and Simpson (2001); Harvard (2000)). Notable, exceptions are Ratliff (2001) and Williamson and Meegan (2002) that however both point to the need for elevating insights on NTT DoCoMo. This working paper sets out to contribute to a more elaborate picture of NTT DoCoMo. The working paper is outlined as follows. Departing from a sketch of DoCoMo's current challenges from the perspective of the CEO Keiji Tachikawa as the financial year 2003 is coming to an end (March 31 2003), a brief introduction to DoCoMo's history and its innovative capabilities initiates the effort to present a more detailed picture of the company. Then, the normal perception of NTT DoCoMo as a de facto monopolist with all dominating market and bargaining power is challenged by means of longitudinal study of the Japanese wireless market's development from 1992 to 2003. During this period, DoCoMo's leadership position as increasingly been challenged by new competitors that emerged from an industry consolidation and regulatory forces. It is found that the nature of competition has shifted from DoCoMo's undisputed dominance to a more dynamic environment signified by intense service innovation based competition. Then, insights are provided as how the NTT DoCoMo competes in its new environment. Three key strategic pillars are analyzed, namely the company's to approaches the (1) orchestrating of innovation with the examples of I-mode, C-mode, and Telematics services, (2) relational challenges with the examples of technology standardization alliances, interfirm relationships with handset providers and internationalization partners, and lastly (3) how new growth avenues are explored. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6514
Files in this item: 1no.6.pdf (843.7Kb)
A case study on collaboration with clients, in community interaction and learning designØrngreen, Rikke N.; Nielsen, Janni; Levinsen, Karin (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract In this paper the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Research Group reports on the pre-phase of an e-learning project, which was carried out in collaboration with the client. The project involved an initial exploration of the problem spaces, possibilities and challenges for an online accredited Continued Medical Education (CME) programme at the Lundbeck Institute. The CME programme aims at end-users, which are primarily general practitioners, but also specialists (psychiatrist and psychologists), from all over the world. The assumption was that it would be possible to identify and build on resources and competencies already existing in the client organisation. We asked: What is it we know? Uncovering the prerequisites and background of and with the client allowed us concurrently to identify: What do we not know? Working iteratively in collaboration with the client, allowed us to build on existing resources and networks, suggesting a design, which also included end-users community needs and work-context. Our argument is that if a preparation phase both seeks to confirm knowledge and contemplate what is not yet known, giving attention to the context and need of the client (i.e. not only end-users,) then it is possible to build on existing resources within the client organisation, leading to grounding of design decisions and a match between the e-learning environment designed and the capabilities of the client. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6469
Files in this item: 113-2004.pdf (403.8Kb)
Rai, Sudhanshu; Kuhn Pedersen, Mogens (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8025
Files in this item: 1WP_2_SR_MKP.pdf (202.4Kb)
Clemmensen, Torkil (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The cultural diversity of users of technology challenges our methods for usability evaluation. In this paper we report and compare three ethnographic interview studies of what is a part of a standard (typical) usability test in a company in Mumbai, Beijing and Copenhagen. At each of these three locations, we use structural and contrast questions do a taxonomic and paradigm analysis of a how a company performs a usability test. We find similar parts across the three locations. We also find different results for each location. In Mumbai, most parts of the usability test are not related to the interactive application that is tested, but to differences in user characteristics, test preparation, method, and location. In Copenhagen, considerations about the client´s needs are part of a usability test. In Beijing, the only varying factor is the communication pattern and relation to the user. These results are then contrasted in a cross cultural matrix to identify cultural themes that can help interpret results from existing laboratory research in usability test methods. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7950
Files in this item: 1WP_2009_004.pdf (230.9Kb)
Addressing the Procedural Stages of Computer Crime in an Organisational ContextWillison, Robert (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: IS security represents a growing concern for organisations. Although hackers and viruses are often the basis of such concerns, the inside threat of employee computer crime should not be underestimated. From an academic perspective, there are a modest but growing number of texts which examine the 'insider' problem. While attention has been given to the influence on offender actions through deterrent safeguards, there has been a lack of insight into the interactive relationship between offender choices made during the actual perpetration of computer crimes, and the context in which such crimes take place. Knowledge of this relationship would be of obvious interest to practitioners who would aim to manipulate the environment and influence offender choices accordingly. To address this oversight, this paper, therefore, advances two criminological theories which it is argued can be used to examine the stages an offender must go through in order for a crime to be committed i.e. the 'procedural stages' of computer crime. Hence, this paper illustrates how the two theories, entitled the rational choice perspective and situational crime prevention, can be applied to the IS domain, thereby offering a theoretical basis on which to analyse offender choices/behaviour during perpetration. Through such an analysis greater insights may be offered into selecting appropriate safeguards to prevent computer crime. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6462
Files in this item: 109_2005.pdf (436.8Kb)
Clemmensen, Torkil; Vendelø, Morten (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract: In this paper we present a cost effective and simple procedure for evaluating company web sites. Our assumption is that such sites are places for companies' self-presentation and that customers are readers of these texts. Web site texts with narrative qualities, e.g. scenes, actors, acts, initiate the customers' imagination and narrative mind and hence their decision making. These ideas are investigated in a qualitative study of two companies' self-presentation as future work places for students. The results demonstrate that the students choose the company that has a web site with rich narrative qualities above the company that has a web site with good graphical appearance, but poor narrative qualities. In conclusion, we suggest that user centred evaluation of commercial web sites by using the suggested method can pay attention to deep, narrative structures in both the company's self-presentation and the customers' reading of the web site texts. Keywords: Competitive advantage, decision-making, dramas, imagination, narratives, storytelling, web-design. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6442
Files in this item: 108-2004.pdf (679.8Kb)
Willison, Robert; Siponen, Mikko (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper reviews the IS security literature for the period 1990-2004. More specifically three security journals and the top twenty IS journals were examined. In total 1280 papers were analysed in terms of theories, research methods and research topics. Our research found that 1043 of the papers contained no theory. In addition, almost 1000 of the papers were categorized as 'subjective-argumentative' in terms of methodology, with field experiments, surveys, case studies and action research accounting for less that 10% (8.10%) of all the papers. Fifty nine research topics were identified with fourteen of these topics totaling 71.05% of the articles. This papers offers implications for future research directions on IS security, scholars to publish IS security research, tenure practice, and IS security classification schemas. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6505
Files in this item: 1inf_wp_2007-001.pdf (1.305Mb)
The relationship between evaluator and test userClemmensen, Torkil; Goyal, Shivam (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper, we present the results of a pilot study in Denmark of cross cultural effects on Think Aloud usability testing. We provide an overview of previous research on cross cultural usability evaluation with a special focus on the relationship between the evaluator and the test user. This relation was studied in an experiment with usability testing of a localized clipart application in which eight participants from Denmark and India formed pairs of evaluator-test user. The test users were asked to think aloud and the evaluators' role were to facilitate the test users thinking aloud and hereby identify usability problems with the clipart application. Data on the evaluators' and test users' behaviour were recorded and analyzed by coding and summarizing statistics on these behavioural events. The results show that Think Aloud Usability Test of a localized application is most effectively performed, in terms of number of think aloud events and number of usability problems found, when both the evaluators and the test users are local. These results are however limited to the Danish context and need to be investigated in other cultural settings. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6474
Files in this item: 106_2005.pdf (473.4Kb)
Proceedings from NordiCHI 2008 Workshop Sunday October 19, 2008Clemmensen, Torkil (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper raises themes that are seen as some of the challenges facing the emerging practice and research field of Human Work Interaction Design. The paper has its offset in the discussions and writings that have been dominant within the IFIP Working Group on Human Work Interaction Design (name HWID) through the last two and half years since the commencement of this Working Group. The paper thus provides an introduction to the theory and empirical evidence that lie behind the combination of empirical work studies and interaction design. It also recommends key topics for future research in Human Work Interaction Design. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7764
Files in this item: 101-2008.pdf (3.719Mb)
Nawaz, Ather; Plocher, Thomas; Clemmensen, Torkil; Qu, Weina; Sun, Xianghong (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is a difference in how Danish and Chinese people group object, method and concepts into categories. Difference in these points affect the information structure in applications, which involve menus, links and directories. This study involves groups from Chinese and Danish cultures and investigates how these two cultures group cards into different categories and how their cultural backgrounds affect the structure of their categories. Card Sort, Information Structure, Cultural Difference and Usability. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6518
Files in this item: 103_2007.pdf (333.0Kb)
Viborg Andersen, Kim (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6447
Files in this item: 112-2004.pdf (367.7Kb)
Now showing items 1-20 of 99Next Page


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BOSTON — Last month, voters approved a statewide measure decriminalizing the possession of small amounts of marijuana. Now, wary authorities say, comes the hard part. They are scrambling to set up a new system of civil penalties before Jan. 2, when the change becomes law. From then on, anyone caught with an ounce or less of marijuana will owe a $100 civil fine instead of ending up with an arrest record and possibly facing jail time.
It sounds simple, but David Capeless, president of the Massachusetts District Attorneys Association, said the new policy presented a thicket of questions and complications.
One of the most basic, Mr. Capeless said, is who will collect the fines and enforce other provisions of the law. For example, violators under 18 will be required to attend a drug awareness class within a year, but it is unclear who will make sure that they do so. The fine increases to $1,000 for those who skip the class.
A complicating factor, said Mr. Capeless, the district attorney in Berkshire County, is that state law bans the police from demanding identification for civil infractions.
"Not only do you not have to identify yourself," he said, "but it would appear from a strict reading that people can get a citation, walk away, never pay a fine and have no repercussion."Continue reading the main story
Wayne Sampson, executive director of the Massachusetts Chiefs of Police Association, says he anticipates that many violators will lie about their identities.
"You can tell us that you're Mickey Mouse of One Disneyland Way," Mr. Sampson said, "and we have to assume that's true."
The authorities, he said, will also have to be sure that the substance they hand out citations for is marijuana, which will involve sending it to the State Police crime laboratory.
"You're going to appeal it and go to the clerk's hearing," Mr. Sampson said, "and if we don't have an analysis from the drug lab, the clerk is going to throw the case out."
Mr. Sampson predicted that the law would result in de facto legalization of marijuana because it would prove too difficult to enforce.
"I would argue that the proponents knew these complications right from the beginning," he said.
About 65 percent of state voters supported the decriminalization measure, which was promoted by a group that spent more than $1.5 million on the effort.
The group, the Committee for Sensible Marijuana Policy, said that in addition to ensuring that people caught with marijuana no longer have a criminal record, the change would save about $29.5 million a year that it estimates law enforcement currently spends to enforce existing drug laws.
A spokesman for the Marijuana Policy Project in Washington, which supports the drug's legalization and created the Committee for Sensible Marijuana Policy to get the ballot question passed here, said that judging from the experience of other states with civil penalties for marijuana possession, Massachusetts officials were exaggerating the challenges.
"I can't help but think that the real difficulty in implementing it," said the spokesman, Dan Bernath, "is they don't want to do it."
Eleven states have decriminalized first-time possession of marijuana, though in most it is technically a misdemeanor instead of a civil offense.
In Nebraska, where possession of an ounce or less of marijuana is punishable by a $300 civil fine, the process has worked smoothly for three decades, said Michael Behm, executive director of the Nebraska Crime Commission.
In New York, possession of an ounce or less of marijuana is a noncriminal violation but is still processed through the criminal system, said Robert M. Carney, the district attorney in Schenectady County.
"They are brought down to the police station so their identity is established," Mr. Carney said of violators, "but they are not fingerprinted because it's not an arrest."
In Massachusetts, the Executive Office of Public Safety is working with state and local law enforcement and court officials to determine how to apply the changes. Mr. Capeless said education officials were also in on the discussions because it was unclear whether public schools and universities could forbid marijuana possession under the new law.
A spokesman for the public safety office said its legal counsel was considering "a lot of questions" as the deadline drew near. But the spokesman, Terrel Harris, would not elaborate.
"We are just trying to make sure we have all the answers," Mr. Harris said.
Mr. Capeless said that in particular the department needed to address a clause in the new law that said neither the state nor its "political subdivisions or their respective agencies" could impose "any form of penalty, sanction or disqualification" on anyone found with an ounce or less of marijuana.
"It appears to say that you get a $100 fine and they can't do anything else to you," he said. "Can a police officer caught with marijuana several times get to keep his job and not be disciplined in any fashion? Can public high schools punish kids for smoking cigarettes but not for having pot?"
Mr. Bernath agreed that the law was "not completely clear" on how to handle such situations, but predicted that they would be rare.
"I think the resistance has to do with dealing with something new," he said. "We're pretty confident that once this gets going and the newness of it wears off, a lot of the apprehension will go away."Continue reading the main story

subset: commoncrawl


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Cell-phone privacy ruling
Recently the Supreme Court handed down a monumental decision based upon the Fourth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution, which protects citizens' right to be free from unlawful searches and seizures. The decision certainly also implied an inherent right to privacy found in both the First and Fourth Amendments protections.
The Supreme Court simply held that the police have no right to search through the data on a cell phone after they have arrested someone for a crime. The Court acknowledged that the information that we contain in our cell phones is of a private character and stores unlimited amounts of information about us that can only be intruded upon by probable cause shown to a neutral, detached magistrate, who then issues a search warrant.
Since most of us, in essence, carry our lives with us in our smart phones, the Supreme Court noted that the people need these protections. Allowing the police to go through someone's smart phone upon arrest, in essence, would be like allowing the police to know every detail of our lives.
I commend the Supreme Court for understanding that with this new technology the law must evolve and continue to protect citizens' rights.
Jamie Benjamin, president, Florida Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Fort Lauderdale


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I never noticed Yelp had ratings on churches. Fascinating. I was Googling St. Patrick's Old Cathedral — which is in Little Italy in New York, prompting one Yelpist to say "it's funny when the patron saint of another country is in the wrong ethnic neighborhood." She gives 4-and-a-half stars, and perhaps that half-star deduction is for ethnicity mismatching.
I was Googling on the occasion of Alec Baldwin's wedding, which the Daily Mail has celebrated with an array of photographs of quite a few remarkably unattractive celebrities. Remember when "Baldwin" was slang — in that movie "Clueless" — for a really cute guy: "Okay, okay, so he is kind of a Baldwin." This is no longer apt.
A comment at the Daily Mail: "A bizarre looking lot. And why do churches allow themselves to be used as mere props for nincompoops who only regard them as a backdrop?"
I was Googling to try to get a closer look at the painting above the altar depicting Jesus floating above an open tomb. Ah, here's the lovely website for the cathedral. Here's a recent NYT article about it, noting that the area isn't so much "Little Italy" anymore:
"In recent years, the area has been transformed by the arrival of fancy boutiques, specialty shops, multi-million-dollar apartments and, from [the] perspective [of Msgr. Donald Sakano], a new generation of souls.Hipster souls... and flaccid celebrity souls... including Woody Allen's soul and Robert Kennedy Jr.'s soul. Souls galore. Just waiting for salvation.
"Now we are surrounded by young people," Monsignor Sakano said. "It's a young, vibrant, trendy area."
Is "flaccid" the right word or does it make you think only of genitalia? The OED definition is: "Wanting in stiffness, hanging or lying loose or in wrinkles; limber, limp; flabby." That — and the following examples — makes me it is the right word:
1620 T. Venner Via Recta v. 87 The one it maketh flaccide, and the other subiect to putrefaction.My favorite phrase there is "flaccid whitey-brown shirt collar." If only I could write more like Thackeray! There were some flaccid whitey-brown folks at the Baldwin wedding.
1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall iv. 46 The sides of the Bladder grew flaccid.
1705 F. Fuller Medicina Gymnastica 37 Yet are the Muscles not Flaccid, but Tense and Firm.
1751 Johnson Rambler No. 117. ⁋8 The flaccid sides of a football.
1848 Thackeray Bk. Snobs in Wks. IX. 385 His double chin over his flaccid whitey-brown shirt collar.
1848 Thackeray Vanity Fair lxi. 554 The flaccid children within.
1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xv. 234 His hair moist, his eyes heavy, his cheeks flaccid.
But the OED says "flaccid" is "Chiefly of flesh and similar structures: rarely of a person." Rarely. It was a rare occasion. A wedding. A wedding attended by many conspicuously divorced persons... including the groom... a bloated 54-year-old man, a Baldwin, marrying a 28-year-old woman named Hilaria.
In ancient Rome, Hilaria were "festivals celebrated on the vernal equinox to honor Cybele." It's a plural noun, really. Not that many names for individuals are plural, but a young woman may have many dimensions. In marrying a man, however, she is one of the two who become one.
Therefore now they are not two, but one flesh. What therefore God hath joined together, let no man put asunder.


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While reading my Google Alerts this morning, I ran across a very interesting post that discusses land deeds. Amy Yencer from Old Fashioned Housekeeping talks about what land records are and where they can be found, and includes definitions of the numerous terms to be found in a land documents:
Aliquot Parts – were used to represent the exact subdivision of the section of land. Halves of a Section (or subdivision thereof) are represented as N, S, E, and W (such as "the north half of section 5″). Quarters of a Section (or subdivision thereof) are represented as NW, SW, NE, and SE (such as "the northwest quarter of section 5″). Sometimes, several Aliquot Parts are required to accurately describe a parcel of land. For example, "ESW" denotes the east half of the southwest quarter containing 80 acres and "SWNENE" denotes the southwest quarter of the northeast quarter of the northeast quarter containing 10 acres.
If you've visited the Bureau of Land Management site and located records for your ancestors, wouldn't it be nice to be able to understand all that location jibberish? Most of the time, I'm happy just to figure out the county!


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Baseball may be America's past time, but there was a nation-wide excitement for the return of NFL Sunday's this past week. And I know that Opening Day in baseball is huge, but there really is nothing like the first Sunday of NFL football every year.
Week 1 means so much to the psyche of every single team yet it so often means absolutely nothing for how each team's season will work. There have been some really good teams in years past who lost their week 1 matchup; this is the same for this year as well.
Some of the top teams who were favored to contend for a Super Bowl title this year came up short in their first game this past Sunday, including the Falcons, Packers, Giants, and the defending champion Ravens (who lost the NFL opener on Thursday).
Tyler Rollason
ROLLASON: It's football time
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Hey all, having a little problem getting a unit to cast it's "spell channel" animation when it's casting a spell that has cast time, a la Blood Mage casting Flame Strike. I thought any unit with a spell Channel anim would pay the anim when casting any spell with a cast time, but this is apparantly not the case. They just stand there like dumb fucks and then cast the spell three seconds later.
Any triggers/Somethign simple I'm missing?


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Michael Behe
For more information, see the Wikipedia article:
For more information, see the TalkOrigins Archive article:
Michael Behe is a Professor of Biochemistry at Lehigh University in Pennsylvania. A Senior Fellow at the Center for Science and Culture at the Discovery Institute, he is one of the main proponents of Intelligent Design (ID) theory.
The general thrust of Behe's argument is that there are a number of biochemical "machines" which cannot be explained through natural selection. Behe defines this phenomenon as irreducible complexity, referring to a biochemical system which — if any part is removed — stops functioning. He promotes this idea in his book Darwin's Black Box.
External link[edit]


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Hello smart and creative animal advocates! We only have 4 (yes only 4!) of our "The Future is Vegan" tote bags. If you haven't gotten yours yet, you best get on that tout de suite! Dwindling inventory means it is time to design a new bag so we can keep telling the world that animals matter. We want your big brains to help us!
Submit your idea for a slogan in the comments below, or on Facebook, or via twitter to @NARNtweet to be entered. You can suggest up to 5 different slogans and be entered once for each submission. If we choose your slogan to be on our next tote bag, you'll win a free tote bag (worth $20) and a free year membership to NARN (worth $25) – a prize worth $45 in total (look how good at math we are)!
Criteria: slogan should be under 80 characters including spaces; should support animal liberation and / or veganism; should not discriminate or oppress any other group (i.e. should not be sexists, racist, ableist, etc.); must be original (no quotes or slogans from other groups). Deadline is May 19, 2014.
So get those creative juices flowing! We can't wait to see your great ideas.


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Managing the Database Engine Services
Microsoft SQL Server 2005 runs on the Microsoft Windows 2000 or Microsoft Windows Server 2003 operating systems as a service. A service is a type of application that runs in the system background. Services usually provide core operating system features, such as Web serving, event logging, or file serving. Services can run without showing a user interface on the computer desktop. The SQL Server Database Engine, SQL Server Agent, and several other SQL Server components run as services. These services typically are started when the operating system starts. This depends on what is specified during setup; some services are not started by default. This section describes the management of the various SQL Server services. Before you log in to an instance of SQL Server, you need to know how to start, stop, pause, resume, and restart an instance of SQL Server. After you are logged in, you can perform tasks such as administering the server or querying a database.
Using the SQL Server Service
When you start an instance of SQL Server Database Engine, you are starting the SQL Server service. After you start the SQL Server service, users can establish new connections to the server. The SQL Server service can be started and stopped as a service, either locally or remotely. The SQL Server service is referred to as SQL Server (MSSQLSERVER) if it is the default instance, or MSSQL$*<instancename>*if it is a named instance.
Using SQL Server Configuration Manager
SQL Server Configuration Manager combines the functionality of the following SQL Server 2000 tools: Server Network Utility, Client Network Utility, and Service Manager. SQL Server Configuration Manager allows you to stop, start, or pause various SQL Server 2005 services.
SQL Server Configuration Manager can only manage SQL Server 2005 services.
You can also use SQL Server Configuration Manager to view the properties of the selected service. SQL Server Configuration Manager is a Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in. For more information on MMC and how a snap-in works, see Windows Help.
To access SQL Server Configuration Manager
- On the Start menu, point to All Programs, point to Microsoft SQL Server 2005, point to Configuration Tools, and then click SQL Server Configuration Manager.
See Also
Other Resources
Managing Services How-to Topics


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Congratulations to PUP author Cindy Hahamovitch, author of No Man's Land: Jamaican Guestworkers in America and the Global History of Deportable Labor.
This past weekend, Hahamovitch collected three rewards for No Man's Land: the Philip Taft Labor History Book Award, the Organization of American Historians' Merle Curti Award (for the year's best book in American social and/or American intellectual history), and the Organization of American Historians' James A. Rawley Prize in American History (for the year's best book addressing the history of race relations in the United States).
According to the Curti Award Committee:
While we have considerable scholarship about migrant farmworkers in the U.S. West, Hahamovitch is the first to study those in the eastern states. No Man's Land addresses the history of a massive global phenomenon — corporate employers relying on guestworkers who, because they are not citizens, are unable to defend themselves against exploitation and abuse of their rights as workers. No Man's Land is a deeply comparative study, resting on extensive knowledge of and research in Jamaica and on more than 25 interviews with former guestworkers. It analyzes agents in the system—notably federal and state governments, in both their actions and their inaction, and also the growers, the Jamaican government, and the workers themselves, not only farmworkers but also the female maids and waitresses brought in after 1986.


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We've just completed a redesign and refresh of the IE Developer Center on MSDN. The goal is to make it easier to find IE related developer content and even includes an updated photo of me with the neon blue 'e' behind me that you can find in the lobby of our building on the Redmond campus!
We've worked to make some of the essential links such as reference material easier to find and we will be promoting different content on the front page regularly making it well worth visiting on a regular basis or subscribing to the RSS feed. We have also made two MSDN forums to get support for web development and extension development for IE. These will be great resources if you have questions and people are encouraged to answer anything they know the answer to. If you have bugs to report or feedback to provide the links on the support page remain the best place to go.
Some articles along with numerous reference pages have also been updated with IE7 content over the last few months. In particular the Zentech page demonstrating the CSS improvements in IE7 is now available.
As always all feedback on how we can improve documentation is appreciated.
Dave Massy
Program Manager


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Celebrate You
Celebrate You
All work and no play is, well…no fun. We're strong believers in letting Jack enjoy himself a little. At Sisel, we believe smart choices should be rewarded. When you use our products, you're not just rewarding yourself; you're rewarding the social and environmental spaces around you.
Treat Yourself
Checking every ingredient on every label of everything you consume is exhausting (We got tired just writing it). But if you care about what goes into your body, it needs to be done. That is, unless it's got Sisel on the label. Life is stressful enough, so why spend more time worrying about what's in your products?
Reward yourself with peace of mind knowing that every Sisel product is full of Nature's best ingredients. From our body care to our household cleaning line, nothing we make is harmful for you or the environment. Steep claim? Sure. But we're one of the few that can back it.
Be confident in what you use and eat and live your life to its fullest. Our products offer a better, happier lifestyle. In a way, our products are Nature's way of saying, "Thanks." Your body will feel good, your mind will feel good, you will feel good.
Life of the Party
Life of the Party
You're not alone. Yeah, we know. That's cheesy—it's probably more appropriate for a Get Well card—but it's true. We've been around for a while, and we have put together quite a following. We've been growing for the past 3 decades, so we feel pretty confident in saying that there are a lot of people like you.
Our network of family, friends and partners is found in more than 40 countries and continues to grow. You'll be a part of that. You'll also be surrounded by like-minded people. Health-conscious? Check. Environmentally aware? Check. Economically savvy? Check.
Being a part of Sisel rewards you with lifelong friendships, business partners, fitness pals and more. You're not just using our products, you're part of our family. Sisel is a lifestyle you don't want to miss out on.
Get Some Green
Get Some Green
If Nature wanted to send you a care package, we'd be the delivery service. Our products are made from safe, natural ingredients because, well, we actually care about our planet. Whenever you use one of our products, you make a statement: You support a green and sustainable lifestyle.
And if that's not enough, how about the knowledge that you're part of something bigger? Our planet is fragile, and we need to find ways to heal it. Using our products helps support the movement we founded to make consumer products free from harmful and dangerous chemicals.
How you live, what you eat, the products you use…these all directly impact on the world around you. Most people aren't aware of how heavy their footsteps fall; with Sisel, you'll always know you walk a better, greener path.
Giving Back
Giving Back
Some of the best rewards aren't necessarily the ones you get, but the ones you give. We share this world with 87 bajillion people and not all of them get to enjoy a good life. In fact, the majority of them don't.
We're changing that.
Sisel is a global community, and that means our humanitarian efforts are too. Through fundraising, community building, and volunteer work, we continually improve the lifestyles and living conditions of countless individuals. We don't plan on stopping any time soon, and we could use your help.
When you're a part of the Sisel community, you're a part of our cause. Take this chance to be something more and join us as we reach out and better the lives of those we share this world with.
Sisel Rewards
Sisel Rewards
Loyalty programs are nothing new, but we'd be remiss if we didn't talk about ours. (Spoilers: It's pretty awesome.)
Let's start with getting great discounts on the products you love. We're not talking about inventory surplus or discontinued products; it's the good stuff you use every day. Next, we throw in some hefty rebates. The more you buy the more money we send your way. Yup. You read that right. You get paid to shop.
Finally, we reward you for loving our products. We can't think of a company that doesn't enjoy a good shout out, but we actually show our appreciation. If you share a product with a friend and they buy it, you get discount. If they end up buying a lot, you could get the product for free. Maybe even make a little money on the side.
By our calculations, that's a whole lot of awesome just for doing what you normally do. Like a product? Get a discount. Use a product? Get a rebate. Share with friends? Get more discounts, get free products, get paid. It's science.
We have to admit, this is a pretty good deal. And all at the simple price of making the world a better place, the best reward of all. Interested? We thought you might be. Let's get started.


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Science Friday® is produced by the Science Friday Initiative, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.
Science Friday® and SciFri® are registered service marks of Science Friday, Inc. Site design by Pentagram; engineering by Mediapolis.
It's one of the most feared medical conditions. But how did 'cancer' get its name? Howard Markel, a a physician, medical educator, and historian of medicine at the University of Michigan, explains:
In this segment, we'll talk about the origins of the word 'cancer' and the history of its meaning.


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Washington, D.C. ( May 30, 2013) – With the federal government's Climate Prediction Center warning of an active or extremely active 2013 Atlantic hurricane season, Rx Response officials said today that its two key programs that help citizens and communities recover from the impact of hurricanes - Rx Open and Rx on the Run - were ready for action.
Formerly known as the Pharmacy Status Reporting Tool, Rx Open maps the location of open pharmacies in disaster impacted areas at www.RxOpen.org. This information can help citizens, emergency managers and public health officials know what pharmacies are open to address the public's needs following a disaster.
Rx on the Run is an online tool that enables patients to enter information about prescriptions and contact information for medical providers and print the information on a wallet sized card. This card can serve as a valuable resource for patients who may have lost their medications or had them destroyed in the wake of a disaster. Those who have a record of what medications they need will be better able to replace them if they are not able to reach their physician or pharmacist. The Rx on the Run card is available at www.RxResponse.org.
"Hurricanes can impact communities in many adverse ways and one of the most serious impacts is when severe weather threatens access to medication," said Rx Response Director Erin Mullen, RPh, PhD, CEM. "We urge citizens living in hurricane prone areas to visit www.RxOpen.org after a storm hits to identify where they can get prescriptions filled. We also encourage citizens to be ready for this year's hurricane season by filling out an Rx on the Run prescription medication card today."
Rx Open was deployed following Hurricane Sandy and mapped the status of over 10,000 pharmacies across an 11-state area. The tool's success earned praise from Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano who thanked Rx Response leaders for Rx Open's contributions.
Rx Response is an initiative of America's biopharmaceutical supply system partners that helps ensure the continued flow of medicine following a large scale natural or manmade disaster. The program relies on a robust information sharing and problem-solving platform that provides a single point of contact for government officials to interact with the bio-pharmaceutical industry. This single point of contact also facilitates streamlined interaction between members of the bio-pharmaceutical supply chain.


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Links relacionados
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SA Journal of Radiology
versão On-line ISSN 2078-6778
versão impressa ISSN 1027-202X
S. Afr. J. radiol. (Online) vol.19 no.2 Johannesburg 2015
Pearls in paediatric trauma neuroimaging reporting - What not to miss
Raksha RamlakhanI; Nicky WieselthalerII
IDivision of Radiology, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
IIDivision of Radiology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South Africa
The features of paediatric head trauma are well described. This article aims to highlight review areas and 'do not miss' lesions over and above the known and easily recognised injuries often sought when analysing computed tomography (CT) brains for head injury. Particular attention is paid to fractures and three-dimensional (3D) imaging. Emphasis is also placed on bridging vein thrombosis, retroclival hematomas and corpus callosum injuries.
Paediatric head trauma is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. A review of the Red Cross Children's Hospital 2013 trauma statistics showed that of the approximately 1570 patients seen for a 'head injury', more than half of these were due to a fall. The other half were attributed to motor vehicle or pedestrian vehicle accidents (either high or low impact) or miscellaneous causes. Approximately 4% of head injuries were due to assault.
Approximately 1000 CT scans for head trauma are performed per year, indicating that about two-thirds of patients who present with head trauma have at least one head CT. A large proportion of these scans are normal. However, in the case of the abnormal scans, it is the radiologist's role to accurately recognise all injuries in order to allow the clinician to determine an appropriate management protocol.
Extensive articles have been written on paediatric head trauma, but over the years we have encountered some areas that require special review. We would like to highlight some 'do not miss lesions', as well as give some 'tips' as to which 'lesions' to image or investigate further, because missing them may be detrimental to the paediatric patient.
The pursuit of fractures
Skull fractures are a marker of severity of injury to a child's cranium. Fractures provide clues to localising the site of impact of an injury and assist in predicting and understanding the associated intracranial consequences.
Calvarial fractures are a sign of primary brain injury in both accidental and non-accidental trauma. The presence of fractures in both clinical settings therefore has a significant impact on further and future aspects of management.1
Use of the 3D reconstruction algorithm
For fracture detection
The availability of 3D reconstructions for CT makes this an invaluable problem-solving, postprocessing tool. The 3D reconstructions are particularly useful in resolving fractures that are not easily identifiable in the axial imaging plane on CT (Figure 1a and Figure 1b).1 Where there is confusion, or poor knowledge of suture anatomy, it is useful to use the other side for comparison (Figure 1c).
The 3D application must be a routine and perhaps an initial step when evaluating a CT head scan, irrespective of whether the scan is performed for a 'medical' indication or in the setting of trauma. Non-accidental injury (NAI) is commonly seen at our institution, and the radiologist is often the first and initial clinician to detect these cases, especially when the history of abusive trauma is absent.
CT head scans performed for seizure investigation, without an accompanying history of trauma or abuse, have often led to the findings of skull fractures when the 3D setting is used. This point is emphasised by a patient who was recently referred for an urgent CT to investigate seizures. The CT scan showed a large subacute left temporal intracerebral haematoma and a left occipito-parietal subdural haematoma (Figure 2a).
Upon evaluation of the bones on the 3D setting, it was immediately evident that there was a skull fracture on the opposite side involving the right parietal bone (Figure 2b). The referring clinician was then immediately informed and alerted to NAI as the aetiology for the haemorrhage.
For suture assessment
A knowledge of normal suture anatomy and appearance is important to the radiologist interpreting head CT. Normal sutures have a zig-zag appearance, and sclerotic borders.1
The use of 3D reconstruction provides a quick-and-easy tool with which to assess sutures, and especially asymmetry, when evaluating sutural diastasis (Figure 3). According to Bhatt et al., 'the presence of diastasis is the most common of paediatric skull fractures'.1 But in our population group, linear and depressed skull fractures were found to be more common.
Additional clues to finding fractures
Calvarial fractures almost always occur with associated overlying soft tissue swelling. In the absence of soft tissue swelling, however, the presence of gas locules or fluid within an aerated space such as the paranasal sinuses and the mastoid air cells is a clue to the presence of localised fractures.1 Mastoid air cells are important review areas that help the radiologist not to miss the base-of-skull fractures (Figure 4).
Use of coronal reconstruction for mandibular fracture detection
Mandibular fractures are common in children and are the second most common type of facial bone fracture, following the nasal bones.2 The importance of reviewing the mandibular condyles has previously been highlighted in this journal.2 Mandibular condyle fractures can be subtle, and easily overlooked in the axial imaging plane. It is thus imperative to review thoroughly the temporomandibular joints and the upper mandible in the coronal plane (Figure 5a and Figure 5b).
Carotid canal fractures and carotid artery dissection
Post-traumatic carotid artery dissection (PTCAD) in children results from rapid deceleration-type injuries to the head and neck. It is a common cause of paediatric acute arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS).3 Neurological sequelae can be variable, even devastating, depending on the degree and extent of injury. PTCAD most commonly involves the distal cervical segment of the internal carotid artery before its entry into the carotid canal at the skull base.3
Non-contrasted CT head is useful for identifying base-of-skull fractures, which are associated with PTCAD. The presence of base-of-skull fractures must prompt the radiologist to review the carotid canals for fractures. Air extending along the carotid canal, in combination with base-of-skull fractures, should prompt a careful examination of the internal carotid arteries (Figure 6a).3 In the absence of air but in the presence of a carotid canal fracture, we recommend proceeding to MRA swiftly in order to exclude carotid artery dissection. In order to avert additional radiation, MRA is preferable to CTA (Figure 6b).
Hunting high and low
Bridging vein thrombosis
In known or suspected abusive head trauma/shaken baby syndrome (SBS) it is imperative to look for multifocal or subdural haematomas in different stages of breakdown, either with or without cerebral injury.
We would, however, stress the need to carefully screen the vertex (hunt high) to look for bridging vein thrombosis, particularly when associated with an acute subdural haematoma. The features of SBS are exhaustively described in the literature but little mention is made of bridging vein thrombosis, which is an important finding and of high diagnostic value for SBS.4 These veins lie within the subarachnoid space and constitute a short, non-tortuous, perpendicular pipeline between the arachnoid and the dura.4 They are especially vulnerable to rupture during movement in the antero-posterior direction (violent shaking). Thrombosis occurs within a few hours.4
A case in point was a five-month-old child who was referred with failure to thrive and seizures. A chest radiograph showed multiple rib fractures. This prompted an emergency CT head, which demonstrated bridging vein thrombosis and an acute subdural hematoma, which assisted in confirming the diagnosis of non-accidental injury (Figures 7a-7c).
Retroclival haematoma
Retroclival haematoma is a paediatric entity that occurs with trauma. This lesion may easily be missed if not specifically looked for (hunt low) as this haematoma may be either a sliver, along the clivus, or large, resulting in brainstem or cord compression.
Reportedly 20% of patients with atlanto-occipital injuries may initially present with intact neurology. Another important point to remember is that the cervical spine plain film or bony sagittal cervical spine reconstruction may be normal without any prevertebral swelling or bony injury.
The haematoma may be either epidural or subdural5 and has even been described as subarachnoid.6 The distinction may not be relevant, but suffice to say the epidural haematoma is below the tectorial ligament, which may or may not be intact, whereas the subdural haematoma lies on top of an intact tectorial membrane.
Screening of the cervical spine with MRI is necessary after identifying such a lesion to assess for associated ligamentous rupture (around the cranio-cervical junction) or associated cord injury, as these associations will determine the patient's management.
The trick is to have the pre-pontine (retroclival) space as a review area and always to review the brain in sagittal on the brain window algorithm so as not to miss this injury (Figures 8a-8c).
Do not stop looking for lesions
Severe head trauma, particularly that due to rotational acceleration and deceleration injury or shearing injury, can result in diffuse axonal injury (DAI).1 The history and mechanism of injury as well as poor clinical status will point to the diagnosis of DAI. Ideally, all patients should have an MRI for the purposes of prognosis, but in a resource poor setting this is not always feasible. Often CT does not appreciate all the lesions, particularly those affecting the corpus callosum, which are often missed on CT.
Over the years we have noticed a trend in requests for 'hemiplegia' or 'not moving a limb' in these severe head injury patients. MRI spine requests are often made in the face of severe head trauma in order to look for a cord injury. If there are no time constraints and an anaesthetist is readily available; then a complete brain and spine MRI is ideal. However; where time is an issue; we have found that a large field of view T2 sagittal of the cervical spine and including the corpus callosum is extremely useful. Often patients with suspected cervical spine injuries have corpus callosum shearing injuries and a normal cervical cord (Figures 9a-9c).
This can thus limit the investigation to a 'brain only' scan.
Radiologists play a vital role in the interpretation of images related to paediatric head trauma. It is important to remember to review areas so as not to miss pathology that may affect the outcome and management of paediatric patients.
Thank you to Lyle Eyssen for assistance with reproducing the images.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships which may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.
Authors' contributions
R.R. (Groote Schuur Hospital) and N.W. (Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital) contributed equally to the writing of this manuscript.
1. Bhatt AA, Hunsaker J, Kalina P. Pearls and pitfalls of pediatric head trauma imaging. Appl Radiol. 2014 [cited 2015 Apr 17]. Available from: http://www.appliedradiology.com [ Links ]
2. Peedikayil T, Wieselthaler N. Coronal views of the paediatric mandibular condyle on computerised tomography brain (CTB) studies: An important review area. S Afr J Rad. 2013;17(1):38-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v17i1.211 [ Links ]
3. Orman G, Tekes A, Poretti A, Robertson C, Huisman TA. Posttraumatic carotid artery dissection in children: Not to be missed! J Neuroimaging. 2014;24(5):467-472. PMID: 24251954, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jon.12071 [ Links ]
4. Adamsbaum C, Rambaud C. Abusive head trauma: Don't overlook bridging vein thrombosis. Pediatr Radiol. 2012;42(11):1298-1300. PMID: 22885602, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-012-2434-y [ Links ]
5. Silvera VM, Danehy AR, Newton AW, et al. Retroclival collections associated with abusive head trauma in children. Pediatr Radiol. 2014;44(Suppl. 4):S621-631. PMID: 25501734, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-014-3170-2 [ Links ]
6. Koshy J, Scheurkogel MM, Clough L, Huisman TA, Poretti A, Bosemani T. Neuroimaging findings of retroclival hemorrhage in children: A diagnostic conundrum. Childs Nerv Syst. 2014;30(5):835-839. PMID: 24469948, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-014-2369-8 [ Links ]
Raksha Ramlakhan
Private Bag, Observatory, Cape Town 7937
South Africa
Received: 27 May 2015
Accepted: 11 Aug. 2015
Published: 03 Nov. 2015


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When I think of post-shipwreck situations, I imagine myself clinging to some shard of wood, encircled by sharks, delirious from the sun and saltwater. But the SeaKettle, which can desalinate fresh drinking water, sounds more like a floating hotel room.
The luxury life raft is an entry in the James Dyson Award design competition, and it looks like a relatively comfortable place to spend a few nights following a ship-capsizing squall.
The SeaKettle's main amenity is a mechanism that pumps seawater into a reservoir covered with Goretex, allowing it to desalinate through evaporation and then trickle into four pockets of drinkable water surrounding the raft.
So, sure, you'll probably still want to try to avoid going overboard, but the SeaKettle's definitely going to be more comfortable than that shard of wood. [James Dyson Award]


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The book's key premise is that "the conventional approach to economic development, to making poor countries rich, is based on a technocratic illusion: the belief that poverty is a purely technical problem amenable to such technical solutions as fertilizers, antibiotics, or nutritional supplements…the technocratic illusion is that poverty results from a shortage of expertise, whereas poverty is really about a shortage of rights. The emphasis on the problem of expertise makes the problem of rights worse…the cause of poverty is the absence of political and economic rights, the absence of a political and economic system that would find the technical solutions to the poor's problems".
The book is often vague about what exactly it means by rights. The one semi-definition says it "includes both political and economic rights, the long list of those traditionally respected in today's mature capitalist democracies. It includes the political freedom from seizure of your person and the economic freedom from seizure of your property. It includes the political freedom to assemble with whom you wish and the economic freedom to trade with who you wish. It includes the political freedom to replace bad public-service providers with good ones, and the economic freedom to replace bad private-service providers with good ones".
What's good?
The clearest part of the book is Chapter 13, which looks at the idea of benevolent autocrats, and in particular, what we should make of China and (earlier Korea, Singapore and Taiwan)'s growth successes, and whether they offer evidence that a benevolent autocrat can be good for growth. Bill makes two important points here. The first is that we should not be looking at the level of autocracy to explain the change in growth – China has had a strong positive change in both political and economic freedom since the death of Mao and so a possible explanation for the rapid growth is simply a large positive response to a large positive change in freedom. The second is that the macro data on growth are very noisy and full of measurement problems, which makes it hard to measure changes, especially over short intervals. One thing I wasn't aware of was how much difference there was across different datasets – he compares the World Bank World Development Indicators and the Penn World Tables, and notes that for sub-Saharan Africa, the average difference in growth rates for any given year in any given country is 3.4 percentage points between the two series – a striking example is that in DR Congo in 2003, the WDI shows growth of +3%, while the PWT shows a contraction of 10%.
However, while he discusses his own work on this topic of whether leaders matter, he doesn't discuss well-known research that offers opposite evidence. He writes "the data show little evidence that leaders matter for growth rates". Yet in a paper in the QJE, Ben Jones and Ben Olken find by using deaths of leaders from natural causes that "the degree to which leaders can affect growth depends on the amount of power vested in the national leader. We find evidence that the death of leaders in autocratic regimes leads to changes in growth while the death of leaders in democratic regimes does not. Moreover, among autocrats, leader effects appear more pronounced when leaders have fewer constraints on their power." Fine if Bill disagrees, but it would be useful to acknowledge alternative research published in high-quality journals which offer different views.
A second example comes from an area I know far better, which is discussion of international migration (Chapter 9). Here he summarizes Michael Clemens and Lant Pritchett's work and argument that we should care about people, not nations. He rightly argues that the World Bank's agenda on migration has been too focused on remittances, and not enough on helping individuals migrate (although see for example the work in the Pacific that Manjula Luthria led for an exception to this). However, while he notes that rights of migrants are not discussed at all, he doesn't consider the complexities of what migrants' rights might be. Martin Ruhs excellent recent book The Price of Rights contains a rich discussion of different types of rights, and shows that there does appear to be a trade-off in practice between the rights given to migrants and the opportunities for them to migrate. In work with Caroline Theoharides and Dean Yang I look at one aspect of this, which is the "right" for migrants to be treated equally in terms of wages as natives of the countries they move to – we show that minimum wage laws and other such economic rights for migrants result in reductions in the numbers of individuals who get to migrate, so that there is a trade-off between some types of rights offered to migrants and their ability to migrate.
What's not?
Much of the time it is not clear what the counterfactual is that Bill is arguing against. He claims development agencies spend far too little time enhancing the rights of the poor – but there is no discussion of efforts to improve property rights in many countries, about a big push to improve the rights of women and for female empowerment, about work such as Doing Business which pushes for reforms in regulations to allow small entrepreneurs more freedom to start and run their businesses, etc. He may argue about the effectiveness of efforts to do so (but doesn't), but arguing that development agencies don't aim to enhance economic rights seems at odds with reality.
The key contention then seems to be that development agencies don't push enough for political rights, and for democracy in particular. This is not my field of expertise, and indeed it is not clear that this is an area where an organization full of economists has any comparative advantage, but again it is not clear what the right counterfactual here is. Bill's bête noire appears to be Ethiopia, which is repeatedly discussed as an example of autocratic leadership that he criticizes the Gates Foundation and World Bank for working with. But it is unclear whether he is truly recommending not working with such countries unless they become democratic – it seems unclear that completely isolating North Korea and Cuba have done wonders for their democratization and development.
Indeed the question of whether you do more harm than good in conducting development activities in countries with rights abuses is one that a lot of NGOs and workers in development agencies struggle with. Should we not work in countries where the rights of women are compromised, or in countries which have recently passed laws detrimental to gays? If you are an aid skeptic and think very little aid work has any effect, the answer is perhaps easy, but otherwise it is unclear. But it is far from clear to me that the majority of people who work in this area are arguing for autocracy, which is what Bill claims people are either explicitly or implicitly doing.
Overall the book chooses to rely way too much on anecdotes and easy targets – he talks about plans to extend broadband to the poor and argues "the top-down leaders and experts in technology do not have enough knowledge or incentives to get it right for the reality of what is happening at the bottom. They promised to end poverty with broadband and they gave us young men watching porn". The book is much lighter on research – we get a rehash of the arguments for inclusive vs extractive institutions made in Why Nations Fail and a few other papers on why things that happened a long time ago still matter today (like the potato and the slave trade), but no real engagement on research about what types of rights matter most, what policy actions (if any) have been useful for changing these rights, what trade-offs (if any) are involved, etc. The book certainly fails to make the case that the cause of poverty is lack of rights, and that, on the margin, policy efforts to improve poverty are best devoted towards trying to directly improve political rights than say to improving access to finance or to education, or building infrastructure, etc.
Another book that would be better as a 30-pager
Overall the book does contain some sharp arguments and useful summaries of other work. It is just hard to extract through the plethora of other stuff. Geoff Lamb has a delightful description of the book as ""I was trying to make sense of this whole jumble when it occurred to me: reading this book is like nothing so much as sitting for a while in an agreeable bar in the late afternoon. You fall into conversation with a pleasant, learned and somewhat impish stranger, who yarns away about one thing after another – intriguingly enough, though with much salt needing to be sprinkled along the way."
Join the Conversation
an interesting book by a fellow at Harvard documents that the poor are mostly short of time. Perhaps this is the constraint that needs attention. Public goods (for instance, pre-school education facilities, good transport, etc.) that enlarges the time/budget envelope could do wonders, including enabling the poor to benefit from rights that remain mostly on paper.
I agree with you that this book is full of rather personalized anecdotes and makes a number of lumpy, simplistic, and unsubstantiated claims about a complex problem of why poor countries are poor. Above all there is nothing 'substantive' that i learned reading through this big book except the interesting anecdotes gathered from here and there. True, a book that would have done better job as a 30 - pager!


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Nano Jobs!
February 1, 2010
Lotus Leaves and Nano Pants at the Too Small To See Opening at the Sciencenter.
The Sciencenter in Ithaca, NY, is hiring a project manager and education project coordinator to work on NISE Net programs and exhibits, along with other projects. The position descriptions and application instructions are available on the Sciencenter website.


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I tried the_date, the_time and get_the_date to show todays date on the website. But wordpress takes latest post's date and publishes it. For example on the index page if the latest post was posted on 12 of August despite i placed that code on very top of the page it shows 12of august as date. also when i visit any of the single page it shows that post's date.
i need help on this.. thanks
and if necessary this is the header code


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a handful of watercress, leaves picked and washed
March 01, 2011
Watercress and citrus salad
a handful of watercress, leaves picked and washed
35 comments:
beautiful! i love watercress!! yummmmm :) hehe love your blog lady such bright warm lovely photography. xxReplyDelete
There's something incredibly charming about a recipe that specifies "one grape". It almost makes me forget my aversion to orange! :PReplyDelete
Strangely, the Chinese usually cook watercress in soup. I have tried watercress in soups and in a stir-fry but not yet a salad. I shall! ;pReplyDelete
This looks so incredibly refreshing! Watercress is one of my favorite greens, and it combines so well with citrus - I am craving this now!ReplyDelete
Delicious salad. So light & healthy!ReplyDelete
This looks so refreshing, I love the flavor of watercress..ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 March 2011 at 15:47
Summer is not over yet. I am a hot weather gal, so not complaining. This salad is so refreshing and summery. Love love love your creations.ReplyDelete
Your salad looks beautiful, even if it is 35 below zero here. A salad like that is just as good as some warm sunshine.ReplyDelete
Beautiful salad! What a ray of sunshine for those of us still in winter! Photos are gorgeous, as always. xReplyDelete
yum, thats my lunch for tomorrow sorted.ReplyDelete
i am obsessed with your blogggggggggggg!
x elke
That just looks to pretty, gorgeous photos. And imagine the peppery watercress would work a treat with the citrus.ReplyDelete
I think I feel healthier just looking at this salad. :DReplyDelete
This looks like a beautiful salad. I really love Watercress, but have never used it before - I've just eaten it at restaurants.ReplyDelete
Watercress salad is quite wonderful.. I like the freshness of your salad.. refreshing and not overloaded with dressing.. which is something I should note to myself.. eeek..ReplyDelete
That looks beautiful, I'm going to make this ASAP.ReplyDelete
Just thinking about taking a lunch break - wish I had this plate in front of me! :)ReplyDelete
I always toss in citrus into a salad when I have it. This looks fresh and clean. Watercress is something I need to experiment with more. Beautiful post.ReplyDelete
Ihanan raikas ja kaunis salaatti!ReplyDelete
Could your pictures look any better. Seriously, I need some lessons from you! Amazing, saw your comment on joanna's site and new i had to stop by! have a fabulous day!ReplyDelete
The whole of Perth has felt like an oven without any extra oven-use encouragement for the past couple of weeks, so this is a perfect meal for us right now.ReplyDelete
My mom looooved arugula! We ate tons of it together when I was little. Such a beautiful salad, Maria!ReplyDelete
How beautiful! Every time I go on your blog you get me dreaming of warmer weather. Amazing photos of this one!ReplyDelete
I have been loooving watercress lately, I throw it in my smoothies or fresh juices in the morning and I find it so refreshing and cleansing. Looking forward to giving this salad a try! Thanks Maria!ReplyDelete
Walk to the beach and over twenty degrees...sounds heavenly. Ooh I wish spring came. The weather here in Holland is still pretty cold. The salad looks amazing and the pictures beautiful again. Last picture is perfect.ReplyDelete
Never really though about using watercress. Mum usually does a beef stir fry with onions and a sweet vinegar 'sauce' which is then placed over the watercress to wilt it. Pretty much the only dish I've eaten watercress in. This sounds so light and refreshing =) And I do love love basil =)ReplyDelete
Mmmm...I love something simple and healthy like this. I can eat a big plate of it. Hope you have done some baking as planned.ReplyDelete
so summery and light! perfect for a warm day!ReplyDelete
hi MariaReplyDelete
I love your new-look blog banner!
I am passing the Versatile Blogger Award onto you, as I love your blog, hopefully some more people find it this way too : ) http://stitchybritt.blogspot.com/2011/03/award.html
Very nice picture as usual, and fesh and healthy recipe.ReplyDelete
Here it's chilly and the winter is back! I keep your ideas for the spring, when I definitely plan to redo some of your dishes with my own French-Belgian touch - I'll keep you in the loop!
This light refreshing salad is definitely the perfect thing for when the temps heat up! Sounds so delicious!ReplyDelete
This one is a must try! The peppery flavour with the bright citrus-Yum! Lunch, here we come! Lovely shots too!ReplyDelete
I've only just found your blog - I can't believe it took so long - and I immediately want to run to the corner shop for watercress and oranges. The photos are stunning. I can't wait to read more.ReplyDelete
I love the look of this salad...have to admit never had watercress before, perhaps can leave that out? Refreshing!ReplyDelete
That salad is beautiful! Your photos are amazing :)ReplyDelete
It is fun to read your blog. You are the first person from the Southern Hemisphere that I am following and it is a nice change to read about someone living in a totally different seasonal reference than everyone else I know.
Love your pictures. How would cubed grilled chicken or canned tuna added to the salad taste?ReplyDelete


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To the editor:
I would like to drive a flatbed truck to the Southport mayor's house, load it up and move it to Navassa. I am quite sure the mayor would object: "If I wanted to live in Navassa, I would have moved to Navassa!"
That is probably the same response she would hear from victims of her annexation scheme: "If I wanted to live in Southport, I would have moved to Southport!"
The mayor and her cronies apparently peer at the map saying, "Those folks must have a lot of money. Let's get it!"
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If your child has difficulty speaking and tends to hesitate on or repeat certain syllables, words, or phrases, he may have a stuttering problem. This pamphlet will help you understand the difference between stuttering and normal language development.
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Ocean Law: Course Manual, Volume 1
Federal Publications, 1982 - Marine pollution - 1154 pages
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Scotland Tours Search
Private Tour to Linlithgow Palace
Tour Theme: Historic and Cultural Tours
This tour starts from: Edinburgh or South Queensferry
Duration: Half Day - 4 hours approx.
This is a Private Tour
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Operated by: Go Scotland Tours Rank 9
Edinburgh City Sightseeing Tour
Sightseeing tour of Edinburgh attractions in a deluxe open-top mini-coach; touring past Edinburgh Castle, Grassmarket, Holyrood Palace, Royal Mile, New Town.
Scottish Island Hopping Tours 7 to 16 Days
Extended small group tours of Scotland up to 17 days to Western Isles such as Skye, Harris, Lewis, Mull, Iona, Staffa and the Whisky Isle of Islay...
Isle of Skye and Highlands Scotland Tour
Explore the Highlands and romantic island of Skye. Scotland Tour Highlights incl. majestic Cuillin mountains, and overnight in Potree.. a 3 day Isle of Skye Tour Scotland.
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|Is it possible to grow the energy sources we need? While corn-based ethanol has received much of the attention in this country, there are other options. In this hour, we'll talk about some current research into biofuels, and where the field is headed. Whether you're interested in cellulosic ethanol, cyanobacteria, oil-secreting algae, or microbial fuel cells -- tune in for our biofuel roundup.