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I hope that one day my piano playing is only as plodding and my compositions only as pedestrian as the esteemed Mr. Brubeck!!!! I only have every album he cut between the war and about 1975 in my collection (all the Fantasy titles, all the Columbias up to then). I think the mono ones are mixed better. Sony, get off your duffs and release a Dave Brubeck: The Mono Recordings Box!
Dave Brubeck, R.I.P.
First, he was the most tireless ambassador in the State Department's program to bring jazz to the rest of the world. The idea, dreamed up by Harlem Congressman Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., was to win the cultural Cold War: the Russians had the Bolshoi, which they sent out on comparable tours, but jazz exuded the freedom and verve of American democracy. This had consequences. When Brubeck and his band toured the Soviet bloc in 1958, thousands of young men and womenwho would grow up to be the next generation's reformersgreeted him wildly. When he returned to Warsaw nearly a half-century later, one of those greeters came up to him and said, "What you brought to Poland wasn't just jazz. It was the Grand Canyon, it was the Empire State Building, it was America."
Second, inspired by his college mentor, the adventurous classical composer Darius Milhaud, who taught him to write the music that he heard in life, Brubeck brought back the sounds and rhythms of foreign lands, infusing his own music with exotic flavors that helped make American culture, in the broadest sense, more cosmopolitan. The flipside of "Take Five," "Blue Rondo a la Turk," written in 9/8 time, is based on a street melody he heard on the streets of Istanbul. This was the beginning of "world music."
Third, he popularized small-ensemble modern jazz. The single of "Take Five" and the album that included it, Time Out, were the first jazz records to sell more than 1 million copies. (Time Out is still the 2nd best-selling jazz album of all time, outgunned only by Miles Davis' Kind of Blue.) And it sold so well because it exuded a fresh, progressive, inventive sound that meshed well with the sense of excitement, of the "countdown to tomorrow," that pervaded American life on the eve of the sixties and the dawn of the space age. (Both Time Out and Kind of Blue were released in 1959.) As early as 1953, he and his wife, Iola, came up with the idea of touring college campuses, where his band's brand of propulsive rhythms and cool intonations (Desmond likened his style of saxophone playing to a "dry martini") appealed to young students who were appreciating, but not quite going so far as to join, the Beats. His appeal was so vast, he became the first jazz musician to appear on the cover of Time magazine. At the same time, his fame didn't inflate his ego; he publicly expressed embarrassment that the honor hadn't gone to the worthier Duke Ellington.
Fourth, Brubeck did as much as any cultural figure to liberalize American society. His quartet was one of the very few racially integrated small jazz bands. During one of his tours, the president of a Southern college refused to let the band perform because of it; Brubeck backed out of the concert, started packing up. The president, fearing backlash from his jazz-fan students, relented a little bit, saying they could play but only if the bass playerEugene Wright, who was blackstood way at the back of the stage. When the concert began, Brubeck told Wright to play way up front. The students applauded wildly anyway.
Finally, I feel a personal link to Brubeck. One of his great albums was Live at Oberlin, which was also one of the first live jazz albums, was recorded in Oberlin College's Finney Chapel in 1953. In 1973, as a sophomore at Oberlin, I saw Brubeck play at Finney in a concert celebrating the 20th anniversary of that concerta great, boisterous eveningand, in 2003, one of my daughters saw him play in that same wonderful space in a celebration of its 50th anniversary. I also interviewed him for my 2009 book, 1959: The Year Everything Changed. He was, to me and by all accounts, an extremely generous, civilized man.
He recorded dozens of albums over the years. I would particularly recommend Live at Oberlin, the 1951 Stardust (which was almost avant-garde by the standards of the day), Jazz at Storyville (1952), Time Out, All the Things We Are (1974, with a young Anthony Braxton on saxophone!), and the elegiac Brubeck & Desmond 1975: The Duets.
.....only on Stereophile will you find some one defaming a well liked performer before his body is cold. Stay classy Sterophile.
that he hated following Dave at club gigs, because the pianos action was destroyed.
Lets bring "say so" into the discussion now shall we?
In a segment of the old PBS Previn & The Pittsberg ,featuring Oscar Peterson.I don't make stuff up.BTW It's up on you tube Previn and Peterson parts 4(near the end of part4) & 5
What enormous insensitivty, waiting for you to post an apology. If an apology is not posted, I will stop visiting the stereophile site.
Lighten up folks. Mr. Kaplan wrote a tremendous tribute and you have become fixated on a somewhat provocative, but probably true, opening line. I don't claim to be an expert on piano playing technique, but "plodding" sounds fairly appropriate to me. Death does not warrant taking liberties with the truth. People use death as an opportunity for all kinds of truth-twisting. Watch the documentary about Pat Tillman for exhibit A.
While I wouldn't have used the word, "plodding pianist" I can see -- see the comment on the accident that limited his dexterity. (Not that it much matters, if music rather than empty virtuosity is what one is interested in.) But calling him the "less inventive composer"? No way! Take Five may have been the biggest hit, but when have public accolades ever been a measure of artistic achievement? Just listen to what's on the charts to be disabused of the notion of that -- and to Brubeck's own works, which in my opinion anyway demonstrate more creativity and skill, and much more musical sophistication, than "Take Five."
The first paragraph might be ok in a review, but not his obit. Geez, you could use a lesson in class.
Yet another "provocative" opening sentence to a Stereophile blog. (see the last piece of "writing" from Ariel Bitran) What gives? Are you enjoyng riling people up lately. As the previous poster commented. Those words might fly in a review but in an obituary they are infalamtory and grossly insensitive to the man and his millions of fans...most of whom probably do NOT share Mr Kaplan's viewpoint.
And regardless of what he then goes on to say in a positive tone. After that opening everything else is damning by faint praise.
It really is getting rather dificult to continue reading these posts and even worse the "I don't give a damn" responses to your readers when they oppose your opinion or express a disatisfaction with your writings.
I think people object to a writer or reviewer who appears to claim him or herself an expert, and in so doing, implicitly characterizes other people's views as being wrong or incorrect. I've not read all the obituaries on Brubeck's death, but I presume some of them to which Mr. Kaplan refers were written by learned people in the field of jazz, although, apparently, not as learned as Mr. Kaplan. I am not sure why these other writers even bother to try.
Otherwise, why the comment that contrary to those obituaries Brubeck's playing was prodding, or that he was less than an inventive composer? Did those other obituaries get it wrong, and Mr. Kaplan right? Perhaps it would have been better form to either omit the reference to other obituaries, and simply state that in Mr. Kaplan's opinion Mr. Brubeck's playing was plodding and his compositions less than inventive, or to add that this was his opinion. Should we assume this is what Mr. Kaplan meant? Not the way he wrote his blog. He clearly means to say that the other writers are wrong, and he is right.
Did Mr. Kaplan redeem himself with the balance of the article? I don't think so. Paraphrasing, he basically says that Brubeck was not an inventive composer, he benefited from the compositional skills of others, he sold a boat load of records (so did Abba), but he was a great ambassador of jazz, and he ran an integrated band. In other words, his contribution was less musical than social. I'm not sure that is a great obituary for a musician. Maybe for a politician or a civil rights leader, but not a musician.
to be writing such a tasteless comment anyway?
In his book Where's the Melody, eminent jazz critic Martin Williams likens Brubeck's playing to an "automaton, pounding away." So I think Fred perhaps is saying something similar by saying Brubeck was a plodding pianist. I might use the word clangorous instead. I can see both critics' points of view, but still I like the album Time Out. And I appreciate that Fred is trying to articulate Brubeck's place in jazz history and in his personal history as well. I prefer Fred's warts and all tribute over the others I have read.
In contrast to the majority here, I find Mr. Kaplan's words refreshing. If the end of a life led directly to perfection, I can think of a good many who might want to pursue that path. I doubt that Brubeck would have gotten his panties in a knot over the description of his piano playing that so offends some: Jimmy Rowles, he was not.
What he was, was a guy who was so fired up with rhythm, that his son Darius became infected with it. I remember seeing Dave and sons on the Tonight Show with Johnny Carson many years ago and what I remember was fire. Not subtlety.
Fred Kaplan called it as he saw it. I honor that because I detest bullshit. Jazz has lost a fantastically fiery living ambassador.
Alan Tomlinson
Well, in contrast to Mr. Kaplan's opinion, I've linked Joe Lovano's thoughts from his website regarding Dave Brubeck. I'd respectfully suggest that Mr. Lovano has a modicum of credibility of what makes a great jazz musician and composer, though I would be humble enough to admit, not nearly has much as the esteemed society of jazz critics, who, no doubt, at one time butchered Coltrane's excursions into the unknown, and Coleman's free jazz recordings. In any event, publishing one's opinions as fact leads into some murky waters that are sometimes difficult from which to escape.
had to correct herself (and whomever wrote her script) from yesterday's piece on Brubeck that it was Paul Desmond and not Dave Brubeck who wrote "Take 5". Given her reputation, this demonstrates how widespread the historical error and misconception is. It is important to recount history accurately, sympathy and nostalgia notwithstanding. And I'll say it again, Fred Kaplan is a jazz critic, he is not some relative speaking at a funeral. It may be appropriate for, say for example, dear old Uncle Milty to gloss over his brother's bigotry and alcoholism, but this was no eulogy. I can't fathom how otherwise intelligent people are so quick to get incensed over so little.
You are, of course, assuming that Uncle Milty was a bigot and an alcoholic. Mr. Kaplan is entitled to his opinion, but not to confuse opinion and fact. Bigotry and alcoholic can be proven as fact. That Brubeck was an plundering pianist, and a less than impressive composer are opinions, regardless of how impressed a critic may be with his or her own knowledge. And given the informed opinion lining up against Mr. Kaplan, perhaps a little humility would be appropriate. Not getting incensed, but if you were dear old Uncle Milty's son, and someone was publicly calling him a drunk and a bigot, and you felt differently, you may very well want to correct the record.
If any of the critics of Fred's post above would just LISTEN to the first track on the 'Time Out' album, and to Dave's left hand, they would understand EXACTLY what he is referring to.
Have they even listened to the album?
Fred places Brubeck in the context of post war America and the world better than anything else that's been written on him.
UPDATE: hoisted from comments from Barry Ritholtz' blog re: Brubeck, a more nuanced take on his piano playing:
"One thing not included in the article is the fact that Brubeck was in a car accident that severely damaged his hands early in his career. His dexterity was quite limited, and while he could still 'comp, intricate, melodic improvisations were out of the question. That's why Brubeck developed his distinctive style emphasizing those massive block chords. It also explains why Desmond was so critical to Brubeck's success."
I can be a critic too. You should be ashamed of yourself to disparage this man, musician, visionary in only the second sentence of an obituary for a man who only passed yesterday. Just because you've written a book gives you absolutely no literary license.
And not only did the editor sign off on this but actually responded – no unapologetically defended these assertions – on behalf of the author in the comments thread. Astonishing. I recently came out and strongly defended this publication and editor from personal attacks in the recent buyer's guide thread, but at this point I regret doing so.
Regardless, of how eloquent you write, how factual you believe your summary to be, or how vigorously you defend you or your cohorts you are just plain wrong in doing so, and in my opinion, classless.
Time for me to play a good Brubeck recording and respect the man, his music, and even his purportedly plodding and not so inventive musicianship.
"His appeal was so vast, he became the first jazz musician to appear on the cover of Time magazine."
The New York Times states that Brubeck was, in fact, the second jazz artist, after Louis Armstrong. to appear on the cover of Time.
"In 1954 Mr. Brubeck became only the second jazz musician (after Louis Armstrong) to be featured on the cover of Time magazine."
Since when was the use of plodding so defamatory. It's a good article and sets you up quickly to not expect gushing praise. And when praise is delivered it's correct and welcome. I saw DB perform and own wonderful recordings of his. Stop expecting everything you read in life to mirror your beliefs.
Typically bad writing in Stereophile. No sense of decency right after a person has passed on.
I saw Brubeck about a dozen years ago with the Detroit Symphony in their wonderful hall. It was a great concert. Although I don't quite get the term, I guess it was the most I ever understood or enjoyed what Schuller called Third Stream. The music I heard that night seemed worthy of the great Ellington idea of Beyond Category. Being only a hobbyist, I'd welcome Fred's thoughts on this.
I think the commentators defending Mr. Kaplan are missing the point. I am not objecting to his own personal preferences or critiques of Dave Brubeck. Just the timing and forum he chose to air them. Also to place them in the first sentence completely taints the rest of his essay.
It amazes me how some Stereophile fan boys react to the slightest criticism of their hallowed magazine. Like Mr. Kaplan, we are entitled to our opinion and in this case it is clear that several of us are not in agreement with his assesment of the man's playing or the way in which he has chosen to air his feelings.
I believe there is a place for his comments...it's just not here and now.
Hey, man, this was an obit, not a critique. He was a colossus in the Jazz world, and he died. So the correct thing to do is to pay tribute to his accomplishments, not find something with which to pull him down a peg or two. There is a place for critical analysis, and that wasn't it.
Besides, when did it become a requirement to be a virtuoso to qualify as a great musician? My wife will listen to Brubeck, but she won't give up two minutes to listen to Brad Mehldau or, heaven forbid, Charlie Parker.
Dave Brubeck's music gave me - and a lot of other people - a great deal of pleasure. I didn't for one instant think "there went that plodding pianist".
After listening to a rebroadcast of Terri Gross interviewing Mr. Brubeck on NPR, my admiration for him grew many fold. Not only did I learn how much he impressed his professors with his playing and composition (despite his compromised ability to read music), he served to unite disparate groups of people during difficult and challenging social-political times--concomitantly advancing the art (as Mr. Kaplan, too, noted).
As for the decision to release Fred Kaplan's bit of prose: as human beings we are fallible and will make mistakes. It does not mean people who make mistakes are "bad." My hunch is both Fred and John will note the number of readers who felt uneasy with how the obit began, and will understand how such an opening can overshadow the rest of the article, no matter the humility that followed.
Words are powerful. Death is humbling. Humble words when acknowledging another's death are intended to empower the living. Each of us is allotted only so many breaths. . . only so many words.
Wishing each of you a peaceful holiday season.
It's one thing to begin an obit calling him a "plodding pianist," but it's another thing altogether to do so without mentioning the fact that his limitations were due to an injury. The writer has either revealed his insensitivity or, more likely, his simple ignorance.


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The airport put a so-called ground freeze on all North American arrivals through the morning, but it was lifted at 10 a.m. More than 600 flights were cancelled throughout the day and many more were delayed.
The freeze was put in place because of the extreme cold's impact on equipment and efforts to minimize time outdoors for employees, said Greater Toronto Airports Authority spokeswoman Shereen Daghstani.
"It was the extreme weather conditions that impacted safe operations and employee safety," she said. "When it comes to refuelling or removing the bags, those need to be done by employees."
The problems were reportedly compounded by a backlog of planes waiting for gates to open to offload passengers, travellers waiting hours to collect their luggage and long lineups snaking through the Pearson terminals.
Robert Palmer, spokesman for WestJet, said the company's planes couldn't take off Monday night, creating a bottleneck at the gates.
"As soon as a gate became available, we would push a plane to that gate, we would let the people off. We did not take their baggage off because that would've taken extra time and meanwhile there was a lineup of people in planes waiting to get off the plane," he said.
Palmer said he suspects many other airlines faced the same hurdles and handled them the same way.
Jeff Cooper faced multiple rounds of delays getting home from Barbados. He spent hours waiting for his delayed flight to take off from Miami, Fla., where he was on a layover, then faced even worse delays once his flight got to Pearson.
Cooper landed at about 11 p.m. Monday and his plane had to wait on the tarmac for about four hours. He finally disembarked around 3 a.m., but didn't get his luggage until more than seven hours after that.
Though clearly due to an "act of God," the experience was "frustrating for everyone," said Cooper, who often travels for work.
"Canadians are pretty cool about everything and they're very patient," he said. "It was more just frustration."
But not everyone took the delays in stride.
Peel regional police said five extra officers were called to the airport around 5:25 a.m. to deal with a group of about 300 people at a luggage carousel in Terminal 3.
"(They) were getting very frustrated and irate, because there was a ground freeze and they weren't getting their baggage," said Const. Lilly Fitzpatrick.
Police "helped calm people down, they answered questions, they tried to get the information that the people needed as to when they were going to be getting their baggage," Fitzpatrick said.
Airlines were urging passengers to check their flight status before heading to the airport because of the many cancellations and delays.
Some would-be travellers at the WestJet service counters reported waiting for assistance for more than two hours, and many were calling customer service on their cellphones as they stood in line.
Others slumped in corners, trying to pass the time on their laptops and phones, while young children slept in their parents' laps.
Daniel Puhl, 21, was scheduled to fly back to Fort McMurray, Alta., late Monday night, but his flight was delayed and eventually cancelled due to the weather.
He managed to book a new flight for 11:15 a.m. Tuesday, but sitting quietly on the airport floor hours before his planned departure, he said he wasn't too hopeful about his chances of taking off on time.
"I try to keep calm, I know it's nothing I can control and nothing they can control themselves, but you don't get paid for a day of (missed) work," he said.
Puhl, who travels between Alberta and his hometown of Fort Erie, Ont., every few weeks, said this is the worst delay he's faced.
"I've never had this happen to me before, ever, and I hope this will be one of the last times," he said.
Connie Smith said she'd dealt with several weather-related delays and missed connections on her journey from Edmonton back to her home in Newfoundland.
She and her husband were stranded overnight in Toronto after their connecting flight was cancelled. Since then, she said, it's been one lengthy lineup after another.
"This is horrible, just the waiting and the lineups. It should be more organized," she said as her husband stood in line at a service counter.
"A lot of people are saying they'll never fly WestJet again," she added.
The weather also wreaked havoc on the roads, with Ontario police shutting down some 200 kilometres of Highway 400 between the province's cottage country and Sudbury due to icy whiteouts and treacherous conditions Tuesday afternoon.
Ferry service between Toronto Island and the city's mainland was also halted, though it wasn't immediately clear if the cold was to blame.
South of the border, the big chill that started in the Midwest over the weekend had covered about half of the country by Tuesday. Forecasters said the Midwest and the East were colder than much of Antarctica.
_ With files from Allison Jones.
Also on HuffPost

subset: commoncrawl


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Wily Mo Pena Makes Me MAD!!!!!
Peter here. The clouds cleared early this morning after dire-sounding reports of a quick moving storm called an "Alberta Clipper." So named because this type of storm moves quickly from the Great Lakes southeast to somewhere in southern New England on its rapid journey into the Atlantic Ocean. Some of these re-develop off shore. This one didn't, nor was it expected too. And a dusting would be a generous term for the white stuff we were left with. And that's just fine.
Oh, and this story BOTHERS me. I am putting that mildly.....please, read on, from the Herald...about WMP.....
"The Sox still aren't close to reaching a deal with Wily Mo Pena on a new contract, which could lead to the first arbitration case to go to a hearing since Theo Epstein took over as general manager after the 2002 season. The outfielder, who was paid $1.25 million last year, is seeking a raise to $2.2 million. The club is offering $1.725."
OK, Peter here.....I was going to include this WMP story with one or two others, but this BOTHERS me so much, I think it deserves to stand alone.....and yes, it does!!!
And so....my words....to Wily Mo Pena....fourth outfielder for the team we love, and hopeful reader of my blog. Or else, he'd miss this message. And readers? I hope you know I'm kidding...but if we were standing together, WMP and me, I'd turn to my left, and utter these words to him. And that I promise! OK...here we go. I hope I'm not knocked down or something.
And this, my readers, is Peter fiction.
"Hi there Wily. I hope you can prove to all of us RSN fans that you can CATCH THE BALL without any Jose Canseco antics before you huff and puff and demand more money than you're worth. I think this team, our team, the Boston Red Sox, would be so much better with Trot Nixon as our 4th outfielder.....but you're the one we will have to live with. So bash the ball, and when you get to the outfield, whichever one that will be, DO NOT EMBARRASS US! And behave. PLEASE!!!! I have no faith in you, so MAKE US BELIEVE! We are a nation of faith. Your RSN "faith level?" Hovering near nonexistant, at least for me....
Wily Mo, thanks for reading! Your comments are always welcome. Peter N...This might be the start of a wonderful relationship!"
.....OR NOT! Up to you, guy who needs a bigger glove.
And the link to the original three part article from the Herald is here, with Daisuke news, too....click on the title of this post.
WMP?? He has to prove himself before he asks the club, IN FRONT OF ALL OF US, for more money.
Peter, your guy here. Thanks for reading. ALWAYS.


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| Upcoming Session: 2011 resumed session, 16-24 May 2011, New York
NEW: Information note on the 2011 resumed session
Paperless Committee System 2.0
Members of the Committee
NGO Committee 2011-2014:
UN21 Award
The 2007 UN21 Awards Ceremony was held on July 11 2008, in the Dag Hammarskjold Auditorium. The Secretary-General presented a token of the Organization's appreciation to the winners for their excellent initiatives to improve the effectiveness of the Organization. Among the winners, the "Paperless Committee System", developed by the NGO Branch of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, received the award in the category of "Process Re-engineering". View the UN Webcast
The Committee on NGOs, a standing committee of ECOSOC, will meet for its 2011 resumed session from 16-24 May 2011 to review applications by NGOs seeking consultative status with ECOSOC and other items on its agenda. Accreditation is important to many NGOs, as it allows for access and participation in all of the subsidiary bodies of the Council, such as the Commission on the Status of Women, the Commission on Sustainable Development, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. In addition, ECOSOC consultative status also allows for participation in the Human Rights Council and many of the human rights treaty bodies of the United Nations.
The Committee is expected to review, at its 2011 resumed session, over 117 new applications, and will also deal with an additional workload of reviewing 216 applications from NGOs deferred from earlier sessions. Of the roughly 3,400 NGOs currently accredited to the Council, some 2,000 organizations in the highest two categories of accreditation, namely General and Special consultative status, are required to report every four years on the work they have undertaken in support of the goals of the Council and the United Nations. In May, over 130 of these quadrennial reports will be reviewed. More detailed information on the session's documentation will be available by 10 May 2011.
The work programme of the Committee on NGOs is supported and facilitated, for the ninth year in succession through a document and record management and retrieval system, called the Paperless Committee. Recognized with a UN 21 Award in 2008, in the area of process re-engineering, the system allows secure access to member delegations to review information on the current and past sessions of the Committee through the laptops provided by the Secretariat or through other mobile devices such as tablets/ e-readers and smart phones.See updated list of all NGOs in status in 2010
- The consideration of applications for consultative status and requests for reclassification submitted by NGOs;
- The consideration of quadrennial reports submitted by NGOs in General and Special categories;
- The implementation of the provisions of Council resolution 1996/31 and the monitoring of the consultative relationship;
- Any other issues which the ECOSOC may request the Committee to consider.


text: « Return to Search Researchers at Mass. Eye and Ear Elucidate Cause of Death of Photoreceptor Cells in Retinitis Pigmentosa August 20, 2012 Findings Suggest New Pathway as Potential Target for Treatment of Potentially Blinding Disease Contact: Vannessa Carrington, Mass. Eye and Ear Public Affairs Ph. 617-573-3341 Boston (Aug. 20, 2012) – Research conducted at the Angiogenesis Laboratory at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, has for the first time, identified the mode of death of cone photoreceptor cells in an animal model of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). This groundbreaking study, led by Demetrios G. Vavvas, M.D., Ph.D., (pictured, right) and including Joan W. Miller, M.D., Mass. Eye and Ear/Mass General Hospital Chief of Ophthalmology and Chair of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, has further identified the receptor interacting protein (RIP) kinase pathway as a potential target for developing treatment for vision loss in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. The study is expected to be published the week of Aug. 20 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition at http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1206937109. Retinitis pigmentosa is an inherited condition that causes irreversible vision loss due to the degeneration of photoreceptor cells in the eye called "rods" and "cones." Rods are responsible for night vision, while cones are responsible for daylight and central vision. Vision loss from RP often begins with loss of night vision, due to death of rods, followed by loss of peripheral and central vision, due to death of rods and cones. Such vision loss can have a significant impact on people's daily lives, such as affecting their ability to read or drive a car. RP affects more than 1 million people around the world. Research conducted by Eliot L. Berson, M.D., of the Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations at Mass. Eye and Ear, has shown that Vitamin A supplementation and an omega-3 rich diet can slow visual decline resulting from RP; they do not completely stop disease progression, however. For most patients, RP results in irreversible vision loss. Previous studies have identified mutations in more than 50 genes that cause RP, but the mechanisms by which rods and cones die remain to be completely defined. Since many of the genes associated with RP produce proteins that are used specifically in rod cells, it is still a puzzle why and how cones, which in some cases do not use the mutant proteins, die after rods degenerate. Using an animal model of RP, the investigators studied whether RIP kinase mediated necrosis is involved in the death of photoreceptor cells, finding for the first time that it is involved in cone degeneration and that a deficiency of RIP kinase reduced cone loss. Moreover, the study found that treatment with a drug that inhibits RIP kinase significantly delayed cone cell death and preserved cone photoreceptors. "Though the precise mechanisms involved in RIP kinase inducing necrosis remain unknown, our finding that necrosis results in cone cell death puts us one step closer to understanding this disease and, more importantly, moves us one step closer to being able to provide novel therapies to millions of patients with vision loss," said Dr. Vavvas. About Massachusetts Eye and Ear Mass. Eye and Ear clinicians and scientists are driven by a mission to find cures for blindness, deafness and diseases of the head and neck. After uniting with Schepens Eye Research Institute in 2011, Mass. Eye and Ear in Boston became the world's largest vision and hearing research center, offering hope and healing to patients everywhere through discovery and innovation. Mass. Eye and Ear is a Harvard Medical School teaching hospital and trains future medical leaders in ophthalmology and otolaryngology, through residency as well as clinical and research fellowships. Internationally acclaimed since its founding in 1824, Mass. Eye and Ear employs full-time, board-certified physicians who offer high-quality and affordable specialty care that ranges from the routine to the very complex. U.S. News & World Report's "Best Hospitals Survey" has consistently ranked the Mass. Eye and Ear Departments of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology as top five in the nation. For more information about life-changing care and research, or to learn how you can help, please visit MassEyeAndEar.org.


text: i just found out that aa1yb is archiving all his (her?) caches. aa1yb said that none of the physical caches have been removed and is very willing to let them all be adopted. please let me know if there is any interest. these are some of my favorite caches and i would hate to have them disappear. i will gladly adopt "stonington international airport" and could do other virtual ones if they can be adopted. i will check with gpsfun. some of aa1yb's caches had already been archived, but most have been active until today. (i'll also try to adopt "scenic sorrento", as i absolutely loved this virtual cache) i will email aa1yb if anyone lets me know they are interested, or you can if you want to adopt some of the caches. thanks!


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|Print Guide Options
From Word Travels, copyright © 2019 Globe Media Ltd. All rights reserved. None of the information may be reproduced without prior permission. By its very nature much of the information in this guide is subject to change at short notice and travellers are urged to verify information on which they're relying with the relevant authorities. Globe Media cannot accept any responsibility for any loss or inconvenience to any person as a result of information contained above.


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grain mill
Someone locally is selling a Mill and Mix Stone Grain Mill which they describe as solid loud and heavy. Does anyone here know anything about this mill? I can't seem to find any information on line but figure TFL is bound to be able to help, TIA, A.


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Paul Foltz
1931 - 2019
Mass of Christian Burial
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Perhaps exchanging used video games for an eighth their value in store credit isn't such a terrible idea after all. A 17-year-old lad from Utah discovered there's worse things than getting jerked around by retail after getting kidnapped in a PSP sale gone bad.
Utah police say the boy on Saturday was forced into the car of 21-year-old Jose Espinosa-Arellano and driven more than 20 miles against his will when the disgruntled customer discovered the Sony portable he purchased wasn't working as advertised.
Angered Espinosa-Arellano allegedly returned to the victim's house and demanded a refund paid in full - and that's where things get kidnappy according to the cops.
"They told him it's not our deal, we just arranged the sale for you," describes American Fork police Sergent Gregg Ludlow to KSL 5 TV.
The 17-year-old was then sent out to reason with the disgruntled man. During negations Espinosa-Arellano allegedly suggested they to go for a ride and the victim - apparently thinking he was in a video game himself - didn't have a major problem with this.
But when it became apparent the car was headed into Salt Lake City, the victim became nervous and demanded to be let out. While imprisoned in the back seat, however, he was able to text message his brother for help. His brother then notified the Highway Patrol to be on the lookout.
Eventually, the victim made a dash for freedom at a red light and bolted in to gas station for help. According to KSL 5, police say Espinosa-Arellano made comments to the victim that were "very concerning to the victim," making him feel "in grave danger."
Espinosa-Arellano was arrested and taken into Utah County jail. Prosecutors have not yet charged the suspect of kidnapping.
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This is bizarre to say the least. Even if you must delete all his posts, shouldn't you bring back or sort out the bee gees thread and put it in Another World.
Just because someone hasn't posted in 6 months is no excuse for deleting their threads. I see one poster who was always quite regular on here, then they left for a while and who knows if they will be back. Their last known time on here was Fri Apr 16, 2010. But their posts are all here and what about Mahler and a handful of ex board favorites? They're still here but Royal isn't.


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(Degenerative Joint Disease; Arthritis, Osteo-)
Osteoarthritis is a progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joint lining. People with osteoarthritis usually have joint pain and limited movement of the affected joint.
Joints Affected by Osteoarthritis
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
Healthy cartilage is a cushion between the bones in a joint. With osteoarthritis, the cartilage wears away over a long period of time, causing bones to rub together. The exact cause is unclear, but it may be a combination of genetics and the environment.
Risk Factors
Risk Factors
Osteoarthritis is more common in older adults. Factors that may increase your chance of osteoarthritis include:
- Excess body weight
- Family history of osteoarthritis
- Certain endocrine, metabolic, or neuropathic disorders, and avascular necrosis
- Having an injury or surgery to the joint surface, especially the cartilage
- Having an occupation or doing physical activities that put stress on joints
Osteoarthritis usually affects the hands, feet, spine, hips, and knees. Common symptoms include:
- Mild to severe pain in a joint, especially after overuse or long periods of inactivity, such as sitting for a long time
- Creaking or grating sound in the joint
- Swelling, stiffness, limited movement of the joint, especially in the morning
- Deformity of the joint
You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.
Your bodily fluids may be tested. This can be done with:
- Blood tests
- Arthrocentesis
Images may be taken of your bodily structures. This can be done with:
There is no treatment that stops cartilage loss or repairs damaged cartilage or bones of the joint. When cartilage wears away, bone on bone friction causes pain and inflammation. The goal of treatment is to reduce joint pain and inflammation, and to improve joint function.
Options may include:
Weight Reduction
Losing weight can lessen the stress on joints affected by osteoarthritis. The more weight lost, the greater the benefit. Consider talking to a dietitian who can help you with meal planning.
Exercise and Physical Therapy
Strengthening the muscles supporting an arthritic joint (particularly the knee, lower back, and neck) may decrease pain and absorb energy around the joint. For example, if you have arthritis in the knee, exercise and strength training can also help improve knee function. Swimming and water aerobics are good options. They do not put stress on the joint.
Another option is transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). With TENS, you are connected to a machine. The machine sends electrical signals through the skin to nerves. This type of therapy may decrease pain in some people.
If you have knee osteoarthritis, manual therapy, including massage therapy and manipulation, may be helpful.
Medications may include:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Cyclooxgenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors
- Topical pain medications that are applied to the skin
- Antidepressants
- Opioids and similar medications
- Viscosupplementation injection
- Corticosteroid injection
Heat and Ice
Applying heat with hot water bottles, warm soaks, paraffin, or heating pads helps joints and muscles move more easily. It can also lessen pain. Using ice packs after activity can also help.
Dietary Supplements
Glucosamine and chondroitin are two commonly used supplements. But, research has shown that these are not beneficial for most people with osteoarthritis. Talk with your doctor before taking any herbs or supplements.
Mechanical Aids and Assistive Devices
Shoes with shock-absorbing
soles may provide some relief while you are doing daily activities or exercising. Splints or braces help to properly align joints and distribute weight. Knee and wrist joints may benefit from elastic supports. Canes, crutches, walkers, and orthopedic shoes can help with advanced osteoarthritis in the lower body.
If you are having difficulty getting around due to arthritis pain, your doctor might recommend that you install handrails and grips throughout your home. These are useful in the bathroom and shower. You may need elevated seats, including toilet seats, if you're having difficulty rising after sitting.
Alternative Treatments
Some doctors report that acupuncture has been successful in reducing the pain of osteoarthritis. However, the evidence is not consistent.
While more studies are needed, balneotherapy (hot water therapy), relaxation therapy, exercise, yoga, and tai chi may be helpful.
Surgery may be needed for joints with severe damage. It may be done to remove loose pieces of bone or cartilage from joints or reposition bones to redistribute stress on the joint. Some may need to have the joint replaced with an artificial joint.
To help reduce your chance of osteoarthritis:
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Do regular, gentle exercise, such as walking, stretching, swimming, or yoga.
- Avoid repetitive motions and risky activities that may contribute to joint injury, especially after age 40.
- With advancing age, certain activities may have to be stopped or modified. It is important to continue to be active, so find an activity that suits you.
The Arthritis Foundation http://www.arthritis.org
Seniors Canada http://www.seniors.gc.ca
Updated May 21, 2014. Accessed June 29, 2015.
Hochberg MC, Altman RD, et al. American College of Rheumatology 2012 recommendations for the use of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies in osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64(4):465-474.
Fernandes L, Hagen KB, et al. EULAR recommendations for the non-pharmacological core management of hip and knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(7):1125-1135.
Living with arthritis. Arthritis Foundation website. Available at:
Accessed June 29, 2015.
Osteoarthritis. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disorders website. Available at:
Updated April 2015. Accessed June 29, 2015.
Sinusas, K. Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(1):49-56.
van den Berg WB. Pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 2000;67:555-556.
10/21/2008 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
Fransen M, McConnell S. Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;CD004376.
12/11/2009 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
Rutjes WJ, Nuesch E, Sterchi R, et al. Transcutaneous electrostimulation for osteoarthritis of the knee. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(4):CD002823.
10/15/2010 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
Wandel S, Jüni P, Tendal B, et al. Effects of glucosamine, chondroitin, or placebo in patients with osteoarthritis of hip or knee: network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2010;341:c4675.
10/26/2010 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
Massey T, Derry S, Moore R, McQuay H. Topical NSAIDs for acute pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(6):CD007402.
11/15/2010 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
US Food and Drug Administration. FDA clears Cymbalta to treat chronic musculoskeletal pain. US Food and Drug Administration website. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm232708.htm. Updated November 4, 2010. Accessed June 29, 2015.
11/29/2010 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
French HP, Brennan A, White B, Cusack T. Manual therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a systematic review. Man Ther. 2011;16(2):109-117.
7/15/2013 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
Dilek B, Gözüm M, Sahin E, et al. Efficacy of paraffin bath therapy in hand osteoarthritis: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Apr;94(4):642-9.
6/18/2014 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
MQIC guideline on medical management of adults with osteoarthritis. Available at: http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=47806. Updated August 1, 2013. Accessed June 29, 2015.
9/3/2014 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
Zhou ZY, Liu YK, et al. Body mass index and knee osteoarthritis risk: A dose-response meta-analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Jul [Epub ahead of print].
Last Updated: 9/3/2014


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WESTON, W.Va.: A suspect in a cold case involving the disappearance of two Lewis County women has pleaded guilty to a conspiracy charge.
Media outlets report that 58-year-old David Hughes of Archbold, Ohio, entered his plea to conspiracy to commit armed robbery on Tuesday. In exchange for his plea, Hughes agreed to cooperate with prosecutors in the case against co-defendant Joseph Metz of Horner.
Circuit Judge Kurt Hall said he would wait to accept the plea until Hughes� cooperation against any co-defendants is complete.
Metz is charged with two counts of first-degree murder. He is accused of killing his mother, 46-year-old Mary Friend, and his grandmother, 69-year-old Maxine Stalnaker, both of Jane Lew.
The women disappeared in December 1999. Their bodies have never been found.


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Discoverer Desktop includes several advanced features for working with data. This chapter describes those features and explains how to use them.
The advanced features are:
Rows for tables are fetched from the database incrementally in groups. The number of rows in each group is specified in the Options dialog box based on the value set in the option "Retrieve data incrementally in groups of." Click the Query Governor tab on the Options dialog box to see that option.
To override that setting you can retrieve all the rows at once instead of incrementally. Retrieving all rows applies only to tabular style reports.
To retrieve all the rows at once instead of incrementally, choose Sheet | Retrieve All Rows. The table includes all the rows.
The message shows the total number of rows that will be returned by the query. The number of rows may be greater than the actual number of rows currently displayed in the worksheet.
Refreshing a worksheet re-queries the database and displays the worksheet's data based on any new data. A primary use of refreshing a worksheet is when you're using Discoverer Desktop in conjunction with real-time data. For example, if the Discoverer Desktop worksheets query a database used for on-line transaction processing, you need to refresh the worksheet periodically to update the worksheet data with the latest transaction results.
To refresh a worksheet, choose Sheet | Refresh Sheet. Discoverer Desktop displays the worksheet results based on the updated data.
Parameters are placeholders used instead of specific values in the definition of a condition. Unlike regular conditions that find the same data each time they are applied, parameters offer choices at the time the data loads.
You can create Parameters at two levels:
Workbook level - Here, the Parameter applies to all worksheets in your workbook. Changes to the Parameter in any worksheet cascade to all worksheets in the workbook.
Worksheet level - Here, the Parameter applies to the current worksheet only.
For example, suppose one of your routine analysis jobs is to compare sales performance by evaluating sales figures for various products from different groups of cities. By creating two parameters—one for products and the other for cities—you can select the specific grouping of data for the analysis at the time the worksheet loads.
Parameters are particularly helpful if several people use the same workbook or worksheet. Each person can select the parameters that load only the data of interest on the worksheet.
Parameter selections appear when loading a workbook or worksheet. Here's an example that shows a parameter for limiting the available data to a specific year, (2000).
To create a parameter:
Display the worksheet to which you want to apply the parameter.
The Parameters dialog box opens. It shows the parameters already created.
Click New.
The New Parameter dialog box appears.
Note: You can also access this dialog box when creating advanced conditions. Select New Parameter from Value(s) drop-down list on the New Conditions dialog box.
This is where you define new parameters.
For Item—select the item for the parameter from the drop-down list. The list shows the items currently available to the worksheet.
Name—the name of the Parameter, which appears on the list of available Parameters dialog.
Create Condition with Operator—creates a condition with an operator. You can select the operator from the drop-down list. For example, select equals (=) to create a condition with the formula "For Item" = "Parameter's Name".
Prompt—this text appears on the dialog box that opens prior to loading the worksheet; enter text that tells the person what to select.
Description—this text also appears on the dialog box that opens prior to loading the worksheet; it explains the parameter.
Let User Enter Multiple Values—select this option if you want the person using the worksheet to be able to select multiple values for the parameter when loading the worksheet. If this option is not selected, the person can choose only one value for the parameter.
Default Value—the pre-selected value for the parameter. Click the drop-down arrow and select a value from the list, or type the default value directly into the box.
What is the value of this parameter if it is used in more than one sheet?—allows you to create the Parameter either at Workbook level or Worksheet level. Click 'Allow only one value for all Sheets' to make the parameter value cascade across all worksheets in the workbook. Click 'Allow a different value in each Sheet' to make the parameter value apply to the current worksheet only.
Click OK. The new parameter now appears on the Parameters dialog box.
Moving the parameters up and down on the Parameters dialog box changes their position on the dialog box that appears when loading a worksheet. To add a picture to that dialog box, click Bitmap and choose Set Bitmap.
Click OK on the Parameters dialog box. Those parameters are now in force for the next time the worksheet is loaded.
Parameters are activated when used in an active condition. If you check the option "Create condition with operator" in the New Parameter dialog box, a new condition is created and activated, therefore the parameters are also activated.
To deactivate a parameter, deactivate the condition. Deleting the condition or deleting the parameter also deactivates the parameter.
To edit parameter values: Here you display the Parameter dialog so that you can choose a different value to display on your worksheet(s).
Choose Sheet | Edit Parameter Values.
The Parameters dialog box appears.
Select the new value(s) for the Parameter.
Click OK.
The data on the worksheet is revised to meet the Parameter conditions.
Note:If you want to change the Parameter value for your worksheet, you can also use the Refresh option to display the Parameter dialog for active Parameters.
You can enter a reserved word into a parameter field, however the reserved word must have the same data type as the parameter (e.g. SYSDATE or TODAY can only be used with a parameter that has the data type DATE). You can enter the following reserved words into a parameter field:
SYSDATE or TODAY
Enter the reserved word SYSDATE or TODAY into a parameter field (must be of data type DATE) to display worksheet data that matches the system or today's date.
Enter the reserved word USER into a parameter field (must be of the same datatype as the datatype of the parameter) to display worksheet data that matches all database users.
Enter the reserved word NULL into a parameter field (must be of data type DATE, STRING or NUMERIC) to display worksheet data where the item that this parameter is based upon has a NULL value.
Note:You must enter reserved words using only capital letters and with no additional text or text symbols. For example, you cannot use NULL% or null or 'NULL'. Discoverer Desktop would treat 'NULL' as a text string and not as a reserved word.
If the option Let User Enter Multiple Values is selected for a worksheet's parameters, the person opening the worksheet can select multiple values for the parameter.
Here's an example:
Discoverer Desktop Calculations are used to analyze the data in your worksheets. Discoverer Desktop provides a comprehensive range of pre-defined functions for use in your Calculations.
Simple Calculations based on the data in a worksheet can produce typical business answers, such as sales commissions per salesperson, royalty fees paid to a supplier, and so on. Complex Calculations can find the answers to more complicated questions including "what if" scenarios.
In other words, instead of merely viewing your data to find trends and answers, you can use Calculations to rigorously analyze the data using mathematical techniques.
The results of Calculations are displayed as new columns on a worksheet, or the Calculations can be part of other Calculations.
You can also pivot Calculation Items to the page axis, just like other Items.
Note:To see examples of how you can use Calculations to analyze your Discoverer Desktop data, refer to Appendix A, "About the examples in this chapter".
Here is a sample of the results of a simple Calculation on a table:
Calculations are based on items, not on individual data points. For example, you can multiply Profit SUM (an item) by a percentage to find a result for each product.
However, you cannot, for example, subtract Year 2000 profits from Year 1999 profits because 2000 and 1999 are data points in the item, Year. To calculate results based on individual data points, use Discoverer Desktop's Analytic Functions LAG and LEAD, (see Appendix A, "Lag/Lead Function Examples").
Display the worksheet on which you want to apply the Calculation.
The Calculations dialog box appears.
This dialog box shows Calculations already created for the worksheet. Selected Calculations (where the check box is selected) are active and apply to the worksheet.
Click New.
The Edit Calculation dialog box for creating a new Calculation appears.
To help you create the Calculation formula with a minimum of typing, you can:
Click the Show button to see the different expressions.
Items—lists the items available to the worksheet. This is helpful because you don't have to remember the name of an item in order to include it in a formula. Parameters are also listed, and you can use the parameters in a formula as well.
Functions—lists a wide range of functions that you can apply to your formula.
Click OK and then on the Calculation dialog box, click OK.
The Calculation is applied to the worksheet and results appear in a new column.
The advanced condition option allows you to build complex conditions for filtering your worksheet data.
To create an advanced condition:
On the Edit Condition dialog box, click the Advanced button.
The dialog box expands to show buttons to add and delete lines to the condition, and to include the Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT).
The Item drop-down list shows the items currently available to the worksheet.
Other options from the list are:
Create Calculation—click to open the New Calculation dialog box. When you finish creating the Calculation, it appears in the Item section of the condition.
For example, if you create a Calculation that computes a Royalty Fee, that Calculation is listed in the Item portion of the condition, and you can then filter the worksheet's data by the Calculation results.
Select Condition—displays a dialog box that lists the conditions currently defined for the worksheet. Select a condition to become the first part of the advanced conditional expression. With this option you can filter the data using several sequential conditions. That is, condition 1 filters the data, and then based on the results from condition 1, condition 2 filters the data.
Copy Condition—displays a dialog box that lists the conditions currently defined for the worksheet. Copying a condition inserts it on the line in the New Condition dialog box. You can then edit it, or add other features.
To add another line to the condition, click Add.
By default, the two conditional expressions are grouped with the Boolean AND.
To change the grouping, click the AND in the expressions, and then click the Or or Not buttons.
Note: As you create the condition formula, the box at the bottom of the dialog box shows its SQL syntax.
Fill in the values for Item, Condition, and Value(s).
To see options for the Value(s), click the drop-down arrow.
The values on the list correspond to the selected item in the condition. Other options are:
Select Multiple Values—displays a list of the values for the item. Click multiple values to include them in the values portion of the condition.
Create Calculation—click to open the Calculation dialog box. When you finish creating the Calculation, it appears in the Value(s) portion of the condition.
Select Item—displays a dialog box that lists the items currently defined for the worksheet. Select an item to become the value of the advanced conditional expression.
Select Parameter—displays a dialog box that lists the parameters currently defined for the worksheet. Select an parameter to become the value of the advanced conditional expression.
New Parameter—displays the Parameter dialog box, and you can create a parameter to be the value of the condition.
Create Subquery—displays a dialog box for creating a subquery as the value portion of the condition. See the next section for details.
Edit Subquery—this option only appears if you're using a subquery to determine the value; the Edit Subquery dialog box appears so you can edit the previous selections for the subquery.
A subquery for a condition uses a value that requires an intermediate step to determine the value. For example, suppose you want to create a condition that finds all the sales profits that exceed the median profit amount. The intermediate step is to find the median profit amount. Often, you create a separate worksheet to determine the intermediate value.
The subquery then identifies the intermediate value on its worksheet as the value for the condition.
To create a subquery:
Choose Create Subquery from the Values drop-down list on the New Condition dialog box. See Figure 8-12 above.
The Create Subquery dialog box appears.
If you've already created a worksheet that contains the intermediate value, select it from the first drop-down list on the dialog box.
If you need to create a new worksheet that calculates the intermediate value, click the New button. The New Sheet dialog box appears so you can create a new worksheet for the value.
In the second drop-down list, select the original item to be used for the condition. For example, when finding sales profits that exceed the median, the item to select in the second drop-down list is profits.
See the next section for a description of correlated items.
Click OK. The name of the worksheet appears in the Values portion of the condition on the New Condition dialog box.
Correlated items add another dimension to a subquery. For example, suppose you want to find all the sales profits that exceed the median profit amount by department. The "by department" portion of the value is the new dimension to the subquery.
The items to correlate usually appear on both the original worksheet, and the worksheet used to create the intermediate value. For example, on the original worksheet you can find profit data for each department. On the worksheet for calculating the intermediate value, you can find a median value for each department. Correlating the two items matches them so each department median value corresponds to each department profit value.
Correlating items is also necessary when the worksheet for determining the intermediate value has additional values on it. Correlating makes sure the condition uses the correct intermediate values for the items.
As stated on the dialog box, you don't need to use the features for correlated items if the subquery does not include the extra dimension provided by items that correlate to one another.
Note:Correlated Subqueries cannot contain filters using Oracle Analytical Functions. For example, if you restrict the values returned in a sheet to the top twenty items (assigned using a Rank function), you cannot use this sheet in a correlated subquery.
To use correlated items:
Click the Add button on the Edit Subquery dialog box.
Choose the item from the Add drop-down list.
The following figure shows an example.
The item then appears in the box for correlated items.
The Item column refers to the item on the original worksheet. The Subquery Item column refers to the item on the worksheet used to determine the intermediate value.
Normally you correlate the same item on each worksheet, but you can also correlate two different items. To correlate different items, choose the new item from the Subquery Item drop-down list.
To add additional dimensions to the list of correlated items, click the Add button again and repeat the process.
To remove an item from the correlation list, select it and click the Remove button.
Click OK.
Note:When creating a new workbook, do not create worksheets for sub-queries as part of the new workbook process. Instead, finish creating the new workbook first, and then create worksheets for the sub-queries. This ensures that you can select the proper worksheets for the sub-queries from the Conditions dialog box.
If you change the worksheet that is used to generate the intermediate value for a subquery, the subquery condition is not automatically updated. You must edit the condition with the subquery first, and then update subquery to match the changed worksheet.
To edit a subquery:
Edit the condition with the subquery.
Choose Edit Subquery from the Values drop-down list on the Edit Condition dialog box.
A prompt asks if you want to update the subquery to match the changed worksheet.
Update the subquery.
The edited subquery and the changed worksheet now match.
The Options dialog box offers a wide variety of options for setting operating features, formatting, and other aspects of your worksheets.
To select options:
Choose Tools | Options, or click the Options button available on several dialog boxes.
The Options dialog box appears.
The tabs across the top of the dialog box list the different option categories. If you accessed the dialog box by clicking the Options button on another dialog box, the tabs across the top may only apply to that dialog box.
Click a tab to see its options. To see additional tabs, click the right or left arrows at the top right side of the dialog box.
General—displays options for viewing different types of files, and for opening workbooks. Click the Viewer check boxes if the worksheets include files with videos, images, and sound (audio). Those viewers open automatically from within Discoverer Desktop to run the files.
Query Governor—displays options for maximizing the efficiency of working with larger worksheets, limiting the amount of time a query runs, and limiting the number of rows retrieved. You can also choose whether to use Summary data to improve the performance of Discoverer Desktop.
Table/Crosstab—displays options for the overall table or crosstab layout; you can add or remove gridlines, column headings, row numbering, and so forth. Removing various table or crosstab features is particularly helpful when printing a worksheet as a report. Tab options differ according to whether your worksheet is a Tabular or Crosstab worksheet.
Formats—displays options for setting the default formats for worksheet headings, data, titles, totals, exceptions, and null values. To change a format, select it and click the Change button. The dialog box for setting the font, color, and backgrounds appears.
Cache—displays options for the memory cache, disk cache, and cache directory for Discoverer Desktop. Generally these options should not be changed without assistance from the database administrator.
Connection—displays options for setting the EUL types that can be used.
Advanced—displays options for configuring Automatic Querying, Fan-trap Detection, and Multiple Join Path Detection. When you open Workbooks, Discoverer Desktop can run queries automatically or not, or can request confirmation before running queries.
EUL—displays the default EUL setting. Use the option on this tab to select a default EUL (End User Layer). Check with your database administrator for the correct EUL to select.
You can run Discoverer Desktop from the command line and perform a limited number of tasks automatically, for example, opening or printing a Workbook.
To use command-line options, type the command string for starting Discoverer Desktop, following by a command-line option, (see table 8-1 below).
To run a command line option:
From the Windows Start menu, choose Run.
The Run dialog box appears.
<drive>\orant\bin\dis51usr.exe /connect me/mypassword@mydatabase <option>
Where 'me' is your Discoverer Desktop ID, 'mypassword' is your Discoverer Desktop password, and 'mydatabase' is the Oracle database to which you want to connect, (see your Oracle Administrator for connect details). The following table displays some sample command line options.
|/open <file>
|Open a .DIS file
|Opens a workbook from a file.
|Skips the Connect dialog box and open the workbook.
|/p <file>
|Print a Workbook
|Prints workbook from the file to the default printer.
|Print options are saved as part of the workbook.
|/sheet ALL
|Activate all sheets
|Runs queries for all sheets in the workbook.
|When the workbook opens all queries on all sheets are already run.
For example, to open a file Reports.DIS in your root directory, type:
<drive>\orant\bin\dis51usr.exe /connect me/mypassword@mydatabase /open c:\Reports.DIS
To print a file Reports.DIS in your root directory, type:
<drive>\orant\bin\dis51usr.exe /connect me/mypassword@mydatabase /print c:\Reports.DIS
If you are familiar with SQL, you can analyze the SQL statements that Discoverer Desktop executes against the database. You can also open workbooks with your own SQL programming statements.
To see a worksheet's SQL statements:
The SQL Inspector dialog box appears. It shows the SQL statements used to create your current worksheet.
Click Copy to copy the statements and paste them to another SQL program.
The SQL statements Discoverer Desktop uses to open a workbook or worksheet involve complex programming. Therefore, you cannot simply copy a worksheet's SQL and use it to open another workbook or worksheet. You must write your own programs.
Click Export to export the statements to another file for use later with another SQL program.
Click OK to close the SQL Inspector dialog box.
If you have written an SQL program to open a workbook, importing the program executes the SQL statement and opens the Discoverer Desktop workbook.
Note:If you are importing an SQL script tha contains join definitions, the joins must have been created first by your Discoverer manager using Discoverer Administrator.
To import SQL and open a workbook:
The Plan tab displays the Oracle Server Execution Plan chosen by the Oracle Server for a query request. The Execution Plan defines the sequence of operations that the Oracle Server performs to execute the SQL statement. This facility is useful when using Summary tables and Materialized Views.
Summary tables and Materialized Views store precomputed aggregated data, which is used where possible instead of data retrieved directly from the database. Because Summary tables and Materialized Views are much quicker to access, this enhances the performance of Discoverer Desktop.
Summary Management is handled automatically by Discoverer, and is transparent to most Discoverer Desktop users. However, you may wish to use the SQL Inspector feature to look at SQL statements being generated. For example, when using Summaries, you may wish to check that a query is using a Summary or Materialized View created by your Discoverer manager.
Summaries are created by your Discoverer manager to help do your work more quickly and efficiently.
Two types of Summary are used:
To see a worksheet's Execution Plan:
When running Discoverer Desktop against an Oracle Enterprise Edition database, the server controls query redirection by rewriting the SQL to use a Materialized View. If a server rewrite occurs, the server Execution Plan indicates the Materialized View name.
You can use the Plan tab in the SQL Inspector dialog to see the SQL statement that Discoverer Desktop sends to the server.
Although the Discoverer manager has created a Summary for the Items City, Region, and Profit SUM, the SQL statement displayed in the SQL Inspector SQL tab does not indicate that a Summary, (in this case a Materialized View) is being used, see Figure 8-19 above).
In Figure 8-20, you can see from the SQL Inspector Plan tab that a Materialized View Summary is being used by the database, identified by the table name EUL5_MV<Summary Identifier>.
Discoverer Desktop uses Inline Views in its SQL generation. This SQL has Inline Views removed to make external editing easier - this process is also known as 'flattening'. When you use the SQL Inspector dialog, typically you are looking at SQL with the Inline Views removed, (or flattened SQL).
To set the default variant, there is registry entry called HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Oracle\Discoverer 10\Database\SQLType. Set this value to configure how SQL is displayed in the SQL Inspector dialog. The valid values for this entry are 0 and 2, used as follows:
0 - Show SQL with no Inline Views (flattened SQL). This is the default.
2 - Show SQL with Inline Views.
You can export Workbook SQL from the command line, without running Discoverer Desktop. Refer to the Command Line Interface section of the Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Business Intelligence Discoverer for more details, or contact your Discoverer manager.


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Can Sakineh Ashtiani be saved?
Date created : Latest update :
Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, charged with adultery and involvement in her husband's murder in 2006, was always under threat of death by stoning. French foreign minister Bernard Kouchner has said publicly he will do "whatever it takes" to save her. The Muslim holy month of Ramadan is in its final hours, the green light for Iran to execute those it judges as its criminals.
- Rouzbeh PARSI, Research Fellow, EUISS
- Ramin PARHAM, Iranian writer
- Meir JAVEDANFAR, Analyst, Meepas
Programme prepared by Yi Song and Perrine Desplats.


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Taupo Bungy
One of the most thrilling things I have ever done - jumping of a platform with just a rope to save me.
This morning I was picked up by Sonya from Taupo Bungy who took me to the 47m high cliff from which I was supposed to jump. The whole area made me feel very relaxed, there were bean bags under a MARKISE where you could hang out waiting for your jump or watch the others jumping. There was also a little café where I didn't buy anything, at least not before my jump, I was too afraid that it might come back up. I walked into the office where I had to step on a scale so they could adjust everything in the right way for me. I also had to fill out the typical form before I got a little time to have a look around. I took my last chance to go to the toilet and after a couple minutes, my name was called out and I received a card with my name and weight, my ticket to the free fall. Before I could do the actual bungyjump I tried the cliffhanger, which is a kind of swing. I got a harness, a gopro camera on my leg and had to sit down. I was moved over the edge on a crane. While I was hanging there, the girl from the staff told me to look into certain directions so the installed cameras could take pictures of me. While I was looking behind me she loosened the rope so I fell down, screaming. I was so glad a saw a little boy doing the cliffhanger before so I knew a bit better what I had to expect. When I first had a look at the cliffhanger I got the impression that it really is a swing, without any free fall, the little boy told me that was what he thought as well. Poor guy.
The cliffhanger can also be used by two people at the same time. Two other German girls did that and were screaming with might and main. However, they told me it was an amazing experience and they were glad they shared it.
I really enjoyed the cliffhanger, especially the swinging at the end because I had a wonderful view of the birds nesting in little holes in the cliff and the water under me was crystal clear. When I got back on my feet my legs were shaking a little but I had not much time to calm down because I already got my ticket for the Bungy jump.
I waited in line and got a little sunburned, which is a proof of the fact that the weather was perfect for my jump. I was so happy to see the sun after the rainy week in Auckland.
The guys in front of me were all very brave and just jumped. I thought there would be more people struggling like one boy, who stood at the edge and just couldn't jump. The staff girl did the countdown several times but he was too scared. Finally, he decided that he really wants to jump o she gave him a little push. I bet he was more than glad that he did it.
When it was my turn I was sunburned and nervous as hell. I sat down at the bench and my feet were connected to the rope. The harness felt really loose so I asked if it was supposed to be like that. It wasn't. I got a smaller harness. The rope at my feet was really heavy and when I stood at the edge it almost felt like it was pulling me down. I had to take a last look at the camera above me, put my chin on my chest, hold up my arms like I was doing a header and then 3, 2, 1- jump. I can't remember if I screamed I just remember how I bounced back up and started spinning. My head felt like it was about to explode. I was so glad when the guys down in the boat handed me a stick to hold onto. They pulled me down and told me: Look up to your feet and check if they are still there. I didn't understand anything, blood was pumping through my head. He said it again and of course, my feet were still there. A second later I was already lying on the warm boat. "It's really hot down here." I said. "You Germans are funny, just did a bungy jump and already flirting again." The guy at the boat answered. "No, I don't mean that, ah, you know what I mean." I still couldn't really think straight. However, I noticed afterwards that he was obviously joking. I have no idea what the bungy operators thought when they decided that the jumpers have to walk back up. My legs were shaking, I was totally exhausted. The walkway was nice, though. When I finally made it back up I felt really proud of myself and like I earned an ice cream. I bought the typical New Zealand Hokey Pokey which I enjoyed while waiting for my pictures and videos. After a couple minutes they were ready and I watched myself jumping off the platform without showing any fear. I look so brave. At the beginning of the video however, you see that I actually was really nervous, especially when I had to wait on the platform.
You can buy your pictures and videos, take them home with you and show all your friends how brave you are. Moreover you can get a tee and picture combo. Even if you don't want to buy anything you still get a certificate that you survived the jump;) This is also a coupon for a second jump or wing, so you can get it for only 70 dollars.
I got back my belongings and were dropped off by the bright orange Taupo Bungy van which stopped directly in front of my hostel. The good feeling and the bright smile stayed till the end of the day and when I think of the jump I directly feel happy again.


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Sep 27, 2011
- Dominique Cunningham named to Honor Roll -
New York, N.Y. - The Skyline Conference released the fourth Women's Volleyball report for the 2011 season this afternoon, including Player of the Week, Rookie of the Week, Honor Roll and Conference statistics.
Senior outside hitter Dominique Cunningham (Amityville, N.Y.) was named to the Skyline Conference Player of the Week Honor Roll for women's volleyball. Cunningham led Rams to two Skyline wins, averaging 3.43 kills and 2.14 per set, with a team-best 24 kills as well as 15 digs and six aces.
To view the full report, click HERE.


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Vivlio Shelf Large / 239 eur
Designed by Included Middle
Vivlio is a modular shelving system with endless possibilities. The wooden shelves are made in three sizes and designed with an open front so you can choose whether to conceal or display your items of selection. The steel frames are easily stacked and combined in ways that allow you to give more or less air between each shelf. Go with a dark and clean look, a light and natural style or a wild mix of black and bright shelves and frames. The choice is yours.
- Details
- Ash
FSC Mix
WxDxH: 80x34x25 cm
Item no. 1930487
- Material and care
Proper usage and maintenance
Proper usage and maintenance is vital for getting the most out of the valuable resources we have. Our designs are made to last for generations, but just like everything else, they need a little care to get there.
Ash is commonly found in temperate regions in the northern hemisphere as well as in middle/northern US. The Skagerak ash comes from European forests.
Ash is a light type of wood with a living structure. Its strength and durability make a good choice for indoor furniture and accessories.
Use a damp cloth and soapy water. Wipe with a dry cloth to ensure a spotless surface. If the pores of the wood should rise use a sandpaper (grit 120-150).
Dust it several times a week in order to maintain a clean surface and protect the finish from building up soil. Use a clean, lint-free, absorbent cloth for general dusting.
About the designer / Included Middle
Take a furniture designer (Chris L. Halstrøm) and a textile designer (Margrethe Odgaard) and place them in the same room. Now ask them to define a project. That is more or less how this unique design-duo Included Middle began their collaboration. 'Since we come from two quite different professions our dogma is that both areas should be present in our products. Form, function, pattern and colours affect each other mutually when we work. As Included Middle we almost become a third person, who creates objects based on all four parameters.'


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In 1966 Time Magazine imagined what the world might look like in the year 2000. Among other predictions it stated that: "Remote shopping, while entirely feasible, will flop because women like to get out of the house; like to handle merchandise".
This is clearly a bad prediction. Not just because the chauvinism of the article has gone out of fashion but because remote shopping, facilitated by the internet, has surged: global online retail sales recently topped $500bn, thrice the GDP of Peru, and both men and women spend in droves.
It can take quite a bit of digging to find better forecasts. But when it comes to digital media, particularly social media, there are some eerily accurate predictions to be found lurking among the the wilder imaginings.
This article solely focuses on the darker of those predictions. Technological advances have afforded some tremendous opportunities too. I work with the web, but quite a few of the more thought-provoking and prescient forecasts focus on the gloomier impacts of the imagined future.
Here are four of the 'best' that I've discovered, in chronological order:
1909: The Machine Stops
Author: E.M Forster
Quick summary:
The story describes a world where life on the surface of the earth is no longer possible and each member of the human population lives in underground isolation in cocoon-like rooms where all needs are met by an omnipotent 'Machine'. Travel is permitted by airship but is unpopular and rarely necessary.
Communication is made via a video-conferencing and instant messaging component of The Machine called the speaking apparatus, which people use to conduct their only activity: the sharing of ideas and knowledge.
The two main characters, Vashti and her son Kuno, live on opposite sides of the world. Vashti is a conformist: content with her life and fiercely loyal to the machine. Kuno, however, is a sensualist and a rebel.
He persuades a reluctant Vashti to abandon their communication through the machine and endure the journey – and the resultant unwelcome personal interaction – to his room.
Predicts a dark side of:
Social Media: The rise of second hand knowledge & experience:
The machine's technology engenders an apathy for direct learning and experience – towards a preference for sedentary enjoyment and learning through the machine.
To this gloomy and severe end, the book's citizens no longer desire or enjoy direct experience – and much of the true meaning of past events has been eroded.
Familiar to:
Anyone who has guiltily (or drunkenly) enjoyed an entire evening searching through Facebook, or just taken some dubious facts from Wikipedia as gospel.
A lecturer delivers a sermon on 'ideas' through the machine:
Let your ideas be second-hand, and if possible tenth-hand, for then they will be far removed from that disturbing element – direct observation. Do not learn anything about this subject of mine – the French Revolution. Learn instead what I think that Enicharmon thought Urizen thought Gutch thought Ho-Yung thought Chi-Bo-Sing thought Lafcadio Hearn thought Carlyle thought Mirabeau said about the French Revolution.
An awkward moment occurs when Vashti travels to see her son Kuno by airship:
The attendant of the air-ship, perhaps owing to her exceptional duties, had grown a little out of the common. She had often to address passengers with direct speech, and this had given her a certain roughness and originality of manner. When Vashti swerved away from the sunbeams with a cry, she behaved barbarically — she put out her hand to steady her. "How dare you!" exclaimed the passenger. "You forget yourself!"
Spooky modern-day example:
Pew Research Centre study: finds teachers now using Wikipedia as often as students are.
Film Version?
First made in 1962. An acclaimed short film of the book was made also in 2009 by The Freise Brothers.
Author: Yevgeny Zamyatin
Quick summary:
We is the journal of 'D-503' – the book's central character – who lives in the One State: an urban nation of 'mathematically infallible happiness' that's constructed almost entirely of glass so the secret police can supervise the public more easily.
Life is organized to promote maximum productive efficiency through the regimentation and control of personal liberty, privacy and nature. People march in step with each other and wear identical clothing.
There is no way of referring to people save by their given numbers. Males have odd numbers prefixed by consonants; females have even numbers prefixed by vowels. Over the course of D503's journal, he suddenly finds himself caught and conflicted in the unthinkable and illegal activities of love and rebellion.
Predicts a dark side of:
SEO: uniformity vs expression:
The book's technological descriptions are fairly vague but the narrative's notable due to the unsettling presence of the 'meta keywords' that summarise and simplify every diary entry for the journal's imagined readers.
The inclusion of said keywords is part of the book's overall skepticism towards uniformity and its leveling-down of diversity. It's arguable that at least old-skool SEO made websites and content similarly generic.
Fittingly though, such spammy days are hopefully fading into the past due to algorithmic developments like Hummingbird, Panda and Penguin.
Familiar to:
Any journalist or copywriter presented with an intimidating list of 'focus keywords'.
Critical journal entry 11's meta keywords read…
One of D-503's journal thoughts from the same entry:
All of life in its complexity and beauty is forever minted in the gold of words.
Spooky modern-day example:
We've all seen these blighters; some still use them:
Film Version?
There are some amateur versions on YouTube that I can't confidently recommend or embed.
But someone has seemingly gone to a huge amount of effort impressively recreating scenes in Minecraft.
1953: Fahrenheit 451
Author: Ray Bradbury
Quick summary:
Continuing the dystopian theme, but with a massively more popular book; Fahrenheit 451 presents a near-future American society where the reading of books is criminalised – and literary contraband is burned by firemen to suppress the rise of dangerous, dissenting ideas.
At the same time, technology has evolved to stupefy – by providing easy in-home access to addictive memes, videos, and updates on massive interactive screens. Like The Machine Stops' screens, Fahrenheit 451's also allow mass communication with others.
Montag, a fireman and the book's main character, becomes increasingly fascinated by the literature he's supposed to burn until the temptation becomes too much and he is criminally pursued by the forces he once fought for.
Predicts a dark side of:
Memes & information (overload):
The story's key psychological points are neatly personified by Montag's wife, Mildred, who is permanently glued to the base broadcasts on their gigantic screens in their apartment.
Mildred's addiction to simplistic entertainment has resulted in a decline in her ability (or desire) to think deeply, focus in-depth, or concentrate on one thing for a long period of time – as well as an accompanying anti-intellectualism. The character's cognitive malaise has been both echoed and refuted by at least a few recent real-life studies.
Familiar to:
Anyone wrestling with concentration, or just suffering from inappropriate Internet withdrawal on a short break in Budapest.
Mildred and friends are engrossed by a video clip on one of the home's gigantic screens:
On one wall a woman smiled and drank orange juice simultaneously… In the other walls an X-ray of the same woman revealed the contracting journey of the refreshing beverage on its way to her delightful stomach! Abruptly the room took off on a rocket flight into the clouds, it plunged into a lime-green sea where blue fish ate red and yellow fish. A minute later, Three White Cartoon Clowns chopped off each other's limbs to the accompaniment of immense incoming tides of laughter… "Isn't this show wonderful?" cried Mildred. "Wonderful!""
Montag dwells on his relationship:
Well, wasn't there a wall between him and Mildred, when you came down to it? Literally not just one, wall but, so far, three! And expensive, too! And the uncles, the aunts, the cousins, the nieces, the nephews, that lived in those walls, the gibbering pack of tree-apes that said nothing, nothing, nothing and said it loud, loud, loud.
The installation of a fourth screen is anticipated:
It'll be even more fun when we can afford to have the fourth wall installed.
Spooky modern-day example:
University of Swansea study: finds internet addicts can suffer withdrawal symptoms similar to drug withdrawal
Some would argue that the staccato shortening and simplifying of content through apps like Vine parallels the book's themes too.
Film version?
Made in 1966 but Mel Gibson has peculiarly bought the movie rights to make an update.
1977: Vogue (J.G Ballard Essay)
Author: J.G Ballard
Quick Summary:
J.G. Ballard writes an essay of his future predictions for a 1977 edition of Vogue magazine.
Predicts a dark side of:
Social networking:
Ballard's portrayal of the personally-gratifying side to the social experience is somehow spot-on. The quote below says far more than I can.
Familiar to:
Anyone who's taken one too many selfies.
We will sit back to scan the rushes, selected by a computer trained to pick out only our best profiles, our wittiest dialogue, our most affecting expressions, filmed through the kindest filters, and then stitch these together into a heightened re-enactment of the day.
See longer section below:
Spooky modern-day example:
University of Michigan study: finds correlation between vanity and social media use.
Film Version?
Wider of the mark:
- "Remote shopping, while entirely feasible, will flop – because women like to get out of the house; like to handle merchandise." Time Magazine | 1966. // This one deserves a special second mention.
- "I predict the Internet will soon go spectacularly supernova and in 1996 catastrophically collapse" Robert Metcalfe, inventor of Ethernet | Infoworld Magazine | 1995
- "Using Twitter for literate communication is about as likely as firing up a CB radio and hearing some guy recite the Lliad" Bruce Sterling | The New York Times | 2007
Other quotes:
- "When [Earthlings] built computers to do some thinking for them, they designed them not so much for wisdom as for friendliness. So they were doomed." Kurt Vonnegut | Breakfast of Champions | 1973
And probably the most poignant…
- "Don't send an email, let me touch your face" Eoighan Quigg (pictured below) – UK X Factor Finalist | Debut Single '28,000 Friends' | 2009
But have I missed anything interesting? Any other interesting reads or examples?


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Handcrafted Natural Moisturizing Soap (Skin Soothe - African Chamomile, Lavender and Avocado)
Product Code: Skin Soothe - African Chamomile, Lavender and Avocado (100g)
Availability: 3
Not only are these bars of soap made from entirely natural, botanical, pure ingredients, but they are unique in that they don't just clean, they moisturise while they clean.
Added to a base of olive oil & organic unrefined shea butter, each soap is boosted with exceptional moisturizing natural oils such as baobab, marula, jojoba, rose hip and many more.
Safe for use by vegans and all members of the family, even those with very sensitive skin.
Try them, you'll soon settle for nothing else!
These soaps were handcrafted in the beautiful winelands of the Western Cape of South Africa
They are made with 100% natural ingredients
All ingredients are used in their purest form and are not diluted in any way
No animal products are used, nor are these products tested on animals
No artificial fragrances, preservatives or colours are used – and no petroleum based bi-products or detergents
These soaps are bio-degradable and the packaging is recyclable
Extra effort is made to source ingredients locally so as to support our South African farmers
Please note:
- We favour quality over quantity. Only a few of each type of item is kept in stock at any given time. New stock is added if/when the handcrafters and artists decide to make more.
- We support hand-made. Quirks and slight imperfections are to be expected (and encouraged).
- Although we've taken care to display each item in accurate detail, colours may vary slightly from the photographs.


text:
Tips for using 30 hours free childcare
- File type: PDF
- Size: 259.42 KB
We are aware of an increase in the number of missed collections across the city. We want to reassure you that we are working hard to collect all outstanding collections as quickly as possible. Read more on reporting missed collections


text:
Broome County Department of Public Transportation 413 Old Mill Rd Vestal, NY 13850
Phone: (607) 763.4464, option 3 Fax: (607) 763.4468
Online Customer Service Form
Phone: (607) 778.1692 ::READ MORE::
Phone: (607) 763.4464, option 3
Phone (607) 763.4464, option 3
What happened?
Click here to read more -----
For any questions, comments, concerns or suggestions about our services or webpage please use our Customer Service Form. We would love to hear from you.
B.C. Transit's caveman mascot is named Thor. He is from the nationally syndicated comic strip B.C. which was drawn by one of Broome County's own, the great Johnny Hart. Thor is famous for inventing the wheel, among a few other things.[more]
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Observers caught these stars going supernova
Massive stellar explosions created these luminous, expanding shells of gas and dust
ALMA (ESO, NAOJ, NRAO), Alexandra Angelich (NRAO, AUI, NSF)
In A.D. 185, Chinese records note the appearance of a "guest star" that then faded away over the span of several months. In 1572, astronomer Tycho Brahe and many others watched as a previously unknown star in the constellation Cassiopeia blasted out gobs of light and then eventually disappeared. And 30 years ago, the world witnessed a similar blaze of light from a small galaxy that orbits the Milky Way. In each case, humankind stood witness to a supernova — an exploding star — within or relatively close to our galaxy (representative border in gray, below).
Here's a map of six supernovas directly seen by human eyes throughout history, and one nearby explosion that went unnoticed. Some were type 1a supernovas, the detonation of a stellar core left behind after a star releases its gas into space. Others were triggered when a star at least eight times as massive as the sun blows itself apart.
Tap images below map for details
C. Crockett. 30 years later, supernova 1987A is still sharing secrets. Science News. Vol. 191, February 18, 2017, p. 20.
C. Crockett. Peeks into early life of supernovas show how to blow up a star. Science News. Vol. 187, June 27, 2015, p. 9.
A. Grant. While exploding, supernovas not spherical. Science News. Vol. 185, March 22, 2014, p. 14.
A. Grant. Supernova is a dust factory. Science News. Vol. 185, February 8, 2014, p. 7.