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Archival inkjet print on hahnemuhle fine art pearl paper, contemporary frame.
39" x 30.75"
Origin: Lassen National Volcano Park, California
Condition: New
Entitled "Cascades" this 2017 photograph of a lake is by contemporary Mendocino/Bay Area artist, Gaetan Caron (b. 1964), co-founder of Lost Art Salon in San Francisco. Part of the fine art photography documentation of the artist's homestead in Mendocino, Northern California. Produced in a limited edition of seven and printed on archival Hahnemuhle Fine Art Pearl paper. Framed in acontemporary solid-walnut wood frame using 8-ply archival mattingbehind conservation clear plexi.Hand-picked by Serena & Lily from Lost Art Salon's Collection, a renowned San Francisco-based resource for original 20th century works of modernist, vintage, antique, and contemporary art. We like to think of the Lost Art Salon pieces chosen for our Serena & Lily Art Collection as being "twice curated".
All art sales are final. Art only available to ship within the United States.
Overall Dimensions: 39" x 30.75"
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Larissa Check
Class of 2012
Major/Minor: Biology and Chemistry
Larissa Check '12 didn't visit Washington College until she moved in at the beginning of her freshman year—and it wasn't love at first sight.
"It was a culture shock!" she said, laughing.
Larissa, from Greenbelt, near the University of Maryland at College Park, was expecting a larger university setting. She applied to Washington College at the recommendation of her high school advisor and enrolled because it offered the most appealing programs, student-teacher ratio and financial aid benefits.
Born in West Africa, Larissa moved to the United States at the age of 10 and is the first of her siblings to go to college.
"We didn't know about the process of going to open houses and visiting schools," she said about her decision to attend WC. After she arrived on campus, she said, "Chestertown was so foreign to me and I wanted to transfer."
Larissa's advisors urged her to stay for at least one semester, and two years later, she's busy juggling on-campus activities with a demanding course load.
"It really grew on me. Darnell Parker and the Office of Multicultural Affairs are great at helping students who might feel as though they don't fit in to explore the school and everything it offers," she said.
Larissa is grateful there were members of the faculty and staff who cared enough to convince her to stay.
"It's a small community where you can have meaningful interactions with your professors. If you want strong academics, I don't see why you'd go anywhere else," she said.
A double-major in biology and chemistry, Larissa received support and guidance from her faculty advisors, especially Kate Verville and Aaron Amick, who helped her create a schedule to encompass all her academic interests and who motivated her in the classroom.
Verville directed Larissa to a scholarship opportunity for minority premed students and pushed her to apply for a summer premedical program at Howard University College of Medicine.
The six-week program included lab work, visits to museums and conferences, and weekly rotations at the University Hospital. Larissa, who is interested in dermatology, met with current medical students and the Dean of Howard's College of Medicine to get tips on how to study, take practice exams, and prepare for medical school.
"It gives you exposure to people and opportunities in the field and helps you decide if it's really what you want to do," said Larissa, who feels more prepared and motivated after completing the program.
Larissa is intent on helping other Washington College students have positive campus experiences. As a peer mentor for the Office of Multicultural Affairs and as a Resident Assistant, Larissa is a resource for students struggling to adjust to campus as she once did.
"My advisors and mentors worked hard to figure out a way for me to stay at Washington College and really enjoy it. It's not just about getting a scholarship—it's about deserving it. I really want to give back," she said.
Larissa worked with the Service Council on a "Spare a Dollar, Save a Life" campaign and also helped to raise money to help survivors of the earthquake in Haiti and, as Diversity Secretary of the SGA, she acted as a liaison between different student organizations on campus and planned events to celebrate Diversity Week.
"People are diverse because of their ideas and interests and cultural backgrounds. I grew up in West Africa, so when someone talks about diversity, I don't think along racial lines. I want to expand the idea of diversity on campus beyond the superficial," Larissa said.
Though she keeps a full schedule studying, tutoring and staying involved in student organizations, Larissa is happy to keep busy.
"I make sure to have time for my own life," she said, "but when you have a passion for something and you like what you do, it becomes your life and doesn't even feel like work."
Campus Involvement
- Secretary Of Diversity, Student Government Association 2010-2012
- Leadership and Diversity Intern, Office of Student Activities (2011-2012)
- Resident Assistant, Reid Hall (2009-2012)
- Course Mentor, General Biology (2010-2011)
- Student Co-Chair, Alumni Board Student Involvement Committee (2010-2012)
- Peer Mentor, Office of Multi-Cultural Affairs
- Social Chair, Black Student Union 08-10
- Social Chair, Cleopatra's Sisters 09-10
- Head Of World Wide Committee, Service Council 09-10

subset: commoncrawl


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CBD Pet Treats In Muncie
Be sure to have a pocket full of dog treats when teaching your dog how to sit, stay, heel, or perform other similar commands. Make sure that the dog will find the CBD Dog treats in Muncie appetizing. Dried out, crummy, and bland CBD Pet treats will not make your dog want to train or whet his appetite and enthusiasm the same way a juicy piece of meat and sweet smelling cheese will.
Dog treats have become popular grocery items found in shelves of specialty stores, pet stores, discount, and food stores. From expensive treats claiming prime beef cuts to discounted bulk products, cbd dog treats have so many varieties, similar to human treats.
CBD Pet treats in Muncie can be hard and chewy since they are supposed to clean the dog's teeth. Some dog treats are meant to aid in digestion and improve the internal health of the dog. Veterinarians have come up with varied dog treats incorporated with various medicines for heartworm prevention, antibiotics, and pain killers.
Some dog owners make their own special dog treats. Homemade dog treats are either made from sliced pieces of steak, small bits of cooked hamburger, chunks of cheese, balls of rice, or even their own special recipes. These can either be CBD Pet Treats In Muncie. Some recipes even include molasses, wheat germ, and couscous. Owners should always check with a veterinarian before giving their pets these homemade treats. Remember never to give dogs chocolate not let them chew a chicken bone.
CBD Pet Treats can either be vegetarian or made with meat and dairy. These can range from homemade dog biscuit recipes, cheesy dog biscuits, bacon flavored CBD Dog Chews, multi grain dog biscuits, and microwave dog biscuits. Vegetarian treat recipes include vegetarian dog biscuits, vegan dog biscuit recipes, and doggie Christmas cookies.
CBD Pet Oil In Muncie
The ingredients list on the label is where the pet owner makes up his or her mind about whether they like what they read. Those who do or do not want to feed a certain ingredient can look to make sure it is included or excluded.
Some prefer to say no to animal by-products, which may contain heads, feet, viscera and other animal parts not particularly appetizing, and from various species. But protein quality of by-products can actually be quite good, so that may not necessarily be the main bone of contention.
Meat and animal derivatives - sounds tasty, doesn't it? This tends to be seen as an ingredient at the cheaper end of the pet food market, and as a source of protein. In the UK Meat and animal derivatives are legally defined in the Feeding Stuffs Regulations 2005. They are sourced from animals which have been inspected and passed as fit for human consumption and are the parts of the animal which are surplus to the requirements of the human food industry in the UK eg. heart, lung, or muscle meat, which may not be traditionally eaten by people in this country.
Cereal by-products - Headlines such as 'May 4, 2007 -- Cereal Byproducts Company is announcing today that the FDA has determined that there are melamine and/or melamine derivatives in the rice protein concentrate produced by a single source Chinese supplier' do nothing to give confidence to consumers!
Cereal by-products, a cheap source of carbohydrate and vegetable protein by their name and definition are 'by-products' of the human food industry, not usable for human food and could come via bakery/breakfast cereal or similar production. They will possibly be mixed sources of cereal, and may be lower grade than the straight cereals used in premium brands.
Meat Meal is another ingredient that some pet owners don't like the sound of. By-products of the human food chain (carcases with some meat protein remaining) are rendered (heat processed), which removes the fat and water from the product. Meat or poultry meal can contain parts of animals not normally eaten by people. You probably don't want a detailed description (if you do try this one at Wikipedia!)
Suffice to say, this is a huge business converting waste animal tissue into stable, value-added materials for several industries as well as for pet food.
The article from Wikipedia interestingly points out that rendering is one of the oldest stablished recycling processes - taking what would otherwise be waste materials and makes useful products such as fuels, soaps, rubber, plastics, etc. At the same time, rendering solves what would otherwise be a major disposal problem. As an example, the US recycles more than 21 million metric tons annually of highly perishable and noxious organic matter. In 2004, the U.S. industry produced over 8 million metric tons of products, of which 1.6 million metric tons were exported.... food for thought, perhaps!
The UK Pet Food Manufacturers Association (PFMA) states that it uses those parts of the carcass which are either surplus to human requirements or which are not normally consumed by people in the UK. Companies which are members of the PFMA operate their own quality assurance policies including strict specifications for material supplies, routine testing of all incoming materials and the use of vendor assurance schemes (and audits) to monitor their suppliers. The British pet food industry also uses sources of meat and meal from the UK, USA Canada, Australasia and various European countries. All materials imported must comply with the strict British legislation.
UK manufacturers only use materials from animals which are generally accepted in the human food chain. They do not use horsemeat, whales or other sea mammals, kangaroos or a number of other species not eaten by humans. It does use beef, lamb, poultry, pork, fish, shellfish, rabbit and game. The PFMA practice of only using materials derived from animals passed as fit for human consumption is now incorporated into the Animal By-Products Order and PFMA member companies using animal material derived from the UK are recommended to only buy from and sell to companies registered under the Animal By-Products Order.
When looking at an ingredient list, a pet owner also has to decide whether or not their pet has an intolerance to a cereal or protein type -this seems to be a growing problem.
Some consumers try to avoid pet foods with synthetic preservatives, such asbutylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and ethoxyquin. Ethoxyquin, in particular, has been hotly debated. Current scientific data suggest that ethoxyquin is safe, but some pet owners avoid this additive because of a suspected link to liver damage and other health problems in dogs.
The Natural Alternative
Many products today are preserved with naturally occurring compounds, such as tocopherols (vitamin E) or vitamin C. However, these products generally have a shorter shelf life than those with synthetic preservatives, especially once a bag of food is opened.
Comparing foods with different ingredients is difficult. Take protein content for example. Let's say we have two foods which have the same percentages of protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber and moisture. But one protein or carbohydrate type may be more digestible than another, so that complicates our comparison. For example:-
Food A contains 25% protein that is 60% digestible and food B contains 25% protein that is 85% digestible. That means of food A the body is able to utilize 15% of the protein content, but of food B 21.25%. Logically, to meet the body's requirement of protein, you'd have to feed more of food A than of food B, and the body of the dog eating food B will have to work less to utilize it.
Meats such as poultry, fish and pork all have a high digestibility, as do cereals such as rice and corn. Wheat, soya and oats are less digestible and logically therefore you would have to feed more to get the same nutritional benefits.
Although manufacturers are happy to tell you that the meat they use is human grade and comes from the human food chain, let's be clear that this is not the best fillet steak or free range chicken breast. Meat producers make as much as possible producing for the human market, because it is more profitable- what is left is what you would probably not want to buy if it was put for sale in the butchers or supermarket!
CBD Pet Treats In Muncie
If you are already a convert to the organic food way of life then you will already know the major benefits of eating this way:
Meat, fruit and vegetables free of chemical pesticides which can number up to 20 different types in ordinary produce; Higher concentrations of vitamins, minerals and fibre;
A much improved taste experience making eating more enjoyable and you feeling more alive and healthy than before. If you are enjoying these benefits then is it not time you offered them to your pets? Just in the same way we can opt for organic food, now you can offer a range to your pets for their approval.
What Organic Pet Food Is Available?
Taking a look around the internet you will readily see offerings for organic dog food and also, maybe to a lesser extent, organic cat food. Several suppliers are very active in organic pet foods and typically this is what they have to offer: All organic pet food products are made with human grade organic ingredients which can include: chicken and other meats, organic cereals and organic rice as well as organic vegetables.
It is stated on one site that the ingredients are exactly the grade of food that you as a human would not hesitate in consuming. After some searching you will find that what you already buy for your pet will probably be available in an organic form of some description.
Typical products available are:
Tinned organic dog food, organic kibble organic dog treats, tinned organic cat food, there is even a company that is offering organic canine cookies.However, do not be tempted to get carried away with the treats just because they are organic, remember that moderation is advised and always read the product labels.
Added Advantages
Many of these foods are also hypo-allergenic and gluten free, meaning that if your pet is suffering from allergy or digestive problems then there may just be an organic pet food solution out there that will help ease its suffering.


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Dr. Sean M. Lucas, while continuing his role as senior pastor of the historic First Presbyterian Church in Hattiesburg, Miss. (since 2009), has been elected as a regular faculty member at Reformed Theological Seminary's Jackson campus. He will begin as an associate professor of church history on Jan. 1, 2014.
Lucas will begin as an associate professor of church history on Jan. 1, 2014.
Lucas was born in Stratford, N.J., and moved up and down the eastern seaboard with his family. He graduated from Bob Jones University with a B.A. degree (Pastoral Studies) and an M.A. degree (Theology/Church History). There, he met his wife Sara; they were married in 1994. He then earned a Ph.D. from Westminster Theological Seminary and wrote his dissertation on the nineteenth-century southern Presbyterian theologian, Robert Lewis Dabney.
Lucas served for five years as the archives and special collections librarian at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. During that time, he and his family joined Community Presbyterian Church in Louisville. The session called him to serve as an assistant pastor and he served there for two years.
In 2004, Lucas and his family moved to St. Louis, where he joined the administration of Covenant Theological Seminary. He held a number of positions there, including dean of faculty, vice president for academics and chief academic officer. He also taught as associate professor of church history. While serving the seminary, he also ministered as assistant pastor of preaching at The Covenant Presbyterian Church in St. Louis, working as the interim senior minister from 2005-2006.
He has written or edited several books, including Robert Lewis Dabney: A Southern Presbyterian Life (2005); On Being Presbyterian: Our Beliefs, Practices, and Stories (2006); God's Grand Design: The Theological Vision of Jonathan Edwards (2011); and For a Continuing Church: The Beginnings of the Presbyterian Church in America (forthcoming).
Lucas and his wife have four children.


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No science post today — I'll be taking a couple of weeks off my regular schedule the second half of July. Why? The Fairbanks Summer Arts Festival! I've signed up for creative writing again, and as usual I will more or less turn the blog over to the class. That means posts will mostly be about writing prompts and reading lists and much later than usual. (I usually set my posts to go live at 8 am ADT, but I won't even get home to start writing the blog until after 5 pm for the next couple of weeks.) I hope some people will post their responses to those prompts as comments.
Six Sunday posts are already scheduled, as are quotation contexts on Wednesday. I'll try to get ahead on Jarn's Journal and pre-schedule that on Fridays, but no promises. Monday weather posts will be abbreviated and missing entirely July 30, but I'll probably have things to say about the daily weather as it affects the SAF.
What is the Summer Arts Festival? It started out as a jazz festival, and has grown over the years with the addition of more and more types of 2-week classes. This year the broad divisions are music, visual arts, dance, healing arts, literary arts, and culinary arts, with numerous classes in each. Most are only an hour or two a day, and people come from all over the world, as well as Fairbanks, both to teach and to take classes. Numerous concerts and recitals are scheduled, including "Lunch Bites," a sack lunch with short performances by Festival students and faculty. I'll probably do a short reading.
The class I'll be taking, creative writing, has four guest faculty: two back from previous years and two new.
Peggy Shumaker is the Alaskan Poet Laureate and basically created the creative writing program in the Summer Arts festival. She'll probably have me trying my hand at poetry (again) so if you see an occasional poem here, you can thank Peggy.
Jeanne Clark has also been part of the Festival for several years. She's from California State University at Chico, and generally has us writing poems, too. Jeanne also rescues Border Collies (another of my loves.)
Rob Davidson is new to me, but I suspect Jeanne recruited him as he's also from California State College at Chico. He's recently published a book of short stories, The Farther Shore. He'll probably be teaching fiction writing, though he has also published nonfiction.
Daryl Farmer is also new to me, though he teaches at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. He teaches creative nonfiction writing.
It looks like it's going to be an interesting two weeks.


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But this is not a dog story, although I have them to thank for getting me out the door. This is a goose story. While the dogs were stopped to pee on a leaf or something, I heard geese squawking directly overhead, and I looked up. A flock of 10 or 12 was flying southeast, almost directly into the wind. A little to the west of the main flock, two geese were flying apart. One of them was clearly struggling, and the second goose was coming to help. The second goose got in front of the first and tried to lead the straggler back to the flock, but the first goose continued to struggle and couldn't get turned into the wind. When the second goose realized the first was still flagging, it flew right back and positioned itself ahead of and just to the side of the first, where it would best block the wind.
At this point the dogs wanted to keep moving, but we stopped again half a block later. (I don't know what it's like in your neighborhood, but around here there are millions of leaves on the ground, and they must all be peed on. This Is Important.) So while the dogs were investigating, I looked back at the geese. The straggler and the helper had managed to make their way back to the flock. They were still apart and a little behind, but they were heading in the same direction as the rest of the flock. The one that had been struggling was flying more easily and wasn't going to be left behind.
I was struck with how lucky geese are to be born with the instinct to help each other. We humans have to be taught to help each other, and some of us never learn that lesson, or forget it in the rush to accumulate and the fear that someone else might end up with more. We wrap our selfishness up in platitudes about bootstraps and God helping those who help themselves, and we forget that when a few are struggling, the entire
So on this Sunday morning, I'm saying a little prayer that I can learn to be more like a flock of geese, a little less selfish and scared of people with struggles different than my own, and a little more generous with my heart and my resources.


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We all agree about the need to keep guns out of the hands of the mentally ill. Perhaps we also need to look at some psychological issues influencing staunch defenders of gun rights. Many of these individuals are not paragons of mental health because two of their unrecognized emotional issues are triggering a double-barreled blast of self-defeat.
Before looking down these barrels, let us acknowledge our human temptation to become enthralled by objects such as guns. We love our playthings such as cars and boats. Collectors love their guns, coins, stamps, antiques, model trains, and so on. This interest or fascination can be harmless enough and a source of considerable enjoyment. Yet psychological development is impeded when we use a possession such as a luxury car or expensive painting to provide status or fill an inner emptiness. Our enthusiasm for possessions can rise to the level of a fixation or obsession, at which point our lack of self-development causes us to lose perspective and sell short the richness of our essential self.
Because guns are relatively inexpensive, they're not usually purchased for status. Instead, they provide two psychological defenses—the double barrels of self-defeat—that make their ownership so desirable. One barrel discharges the illusion of safety and the other the illusion of power. Why do so many gun owners grasp at these illusions or inner defenses? [Read more…]


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(TOP) Playhouse Theatre, London 17 November 1964 (BOTTOM) The Omni, Atlanta, Georgia 28 November 1974 - Bottom Photo by John Gellman
"He became a truly great guitar player.
" - Ian McNabb
"Any time I see anything to do with George it brings back more memories
than you can believe. He was my little mate on the school bus. I was
little then too. He was a lovely boy, and he's sorely missed by us all."
-Sir Paul McCartney
Today in Harri & Beatles History, the famous Abbey Road cover shoot took place. 8 August 1969
It's kind of a no-win," said Dhani Harrison with an impish smile. He has worked closely overseeing the box set for more than a decade. "If you do it right," he said Saturday, "nobody notices and everybody says, 'Yes, the great George Harrison.' And if you screw it up, you're the guy who screwed up George's music."
Olivia Harrison reflects on the music and a book marking what would have been 'quiet Beatle's' 74th birthday- LA Times, 23 Februray 2017http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-george-harrison-autobiography-box-set-20170223-story.html
"Carolina In My Mind" by James Taylor from the 1969 album 'James Taylor'
Just when I think I could not learn much new things about George I learn something new! George Harrison has an uncredited backing vocal on this song. Paul McCartney is of course credited for playing bass. But learning t his about George's role in this song is very exciting to me!!
NEW! From "IN///PARALLEL" Release date October 6th, 2017
Another favorite of mine "One Way Out" by thenewno2 (Dhani)
My favorite song from thenewno2 (Dhani)
Happy Birthday Dhani! Your talent stands on it's own.
Olivia when asked in a 2004 interview with NPR if there was a favorite album or a favorite song which George had written about her, if so, what was it?
OLIVIA: "Well there's a song he wrote about our son when he was born. And it's become a favorite. It's &ld quo;Unknown Delight" from the Gone Troppo album."
George's favorite photograph of he and Dhani, the photographer is his friend, Terry O'Neill
It is so important to me that Dhani should have a relatively normal upbringing. There is a limit, of course, to how far this is possible, but, without taking chances, I am anxious to ensure that he has a real, grounded and relatively unspoilt childhood." - George, 1987
"Mainly the concert was to attract attention to the situation that was happening at one time. The money we raised was secondary, and although we had some problems because Allen Klein had not been handling it right, they still got plenty of money, even though it was a drop in the ocean. The main thing was, we spread the word and help get the war ended. Little Bengali waiters in Indian restaurants still come up to me and say, 'When we were fighting in the jungle, it was so great to know there was someone out there supporting us.' " - George
"George [Harrison] thanked every single person and really gave us the feeling that all of us hadn't merely taken part in a very important event, but had worked on fulfilling a good mission. George made us all very proud." - Klaus Voormann Source for quote {X}
"I think the fact that George took a big risk in assembling the whole thing and making it make sense, all for this cause, was a big move These things will always be remembered as times when we can be proud of being musicians. We weren't just thinking of ourselves for five minutes. we were doing something for a bigger issue." - Eric Clapton


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MeritBadgeDotOrg talk:Community Portal
From MeritBadgeDotOrg
Community Portal Discussions, a.k.a., The Cracker Barrel...
Welcome to the cracker barrel! (Would you like some cheese with that?) Discussion pages are also known, in wiki lingo as the "talk" pages. --RWSmith 05:10, March 26, 2007 (EDT)
Adding to the discussion... <-- This is the "Subject/headline"
To add (or start) a post here, simply click on the "+" sign, above. <-- And this is the body of the text. --RWSmith 05:10, March 26, 2007 (EDT)
- Pretty exciting so far (yep, I like tech stuff)! Let's see how it goes. --WVBeaver05 18:26, March 26, 2007 (EDT)
- Looks like I need to setup some stuff. Wayne
Uh, is there a problem with the "old" Discussion Forums?
I can't open them. I get a SQL error. Sounds serious. Is it related to this test site or just coincidence? --WVBeaver05 21:00, March 26, 2007 (EDT)
- MeritBadge.net is back up and running as of 9:20 EDT --Optimist 21:34, March 26, 2007 (EDT)
Sample Subjects / Threads
I think it would be good if we could create some sample subjects and add a few threads to them to see how this will work compared to the "old" discussion forum.
What do you all think? --WVBeaver05 07:19, March 28, 2007 (EDT)
Go ahead and try something thats why you were recommended to try it --Wagionvigil
First impressions on the new site
What were your first impressions on the new site and the wiki format?
Mine were very positive. I was pleased to see this set up as a wiki, so that information from many sources could be combined, with out overloading a few volunteers. It was apparently set up in a clear and very easy to maneuver format. Kudos to those who started this. --SM890 15:35, April 7, 2007 (EDT)
- I think it's great! I contribute to wikipedia and wanted to incorporate wiki on the Philippine Merit Badge website, but just didn't find time. Kudos to all. Great job indeed. -- Jay Lee 14:47, April 10, 2007 (EDT)
Likewise, I like the Wiki format. As a technology director for a school district, I would like to state that this is a great way top get many involved and to provide quality resources to the boys and leaders. I applaud the use of MediaWiki (I use it too) and would suggest that you think of incorporating the captcha routine to keep SPAMmers and others from abusing the login. I have used these captchas successfuly. Just a suggestion... --Sm777 22:21, June 24, 2007 (EDT)
First impression? I liked the old meritbadge.com format better. It was more userfriendly and was just more fun to use. The skin was great as well. Now, this site is great too, but it has much to be desired to be on par with meritbadge.com. I'm ready and willing to help do whatever you need to make this site better. However, if it were possible, try to incorporate the old skin with the wiki skin. The wiki one just seems too... Plain. Besides that, excellent site! I look forward to using it further on. One suggestion however- where are the merit badge worksheets? --Swim4lyfe 19:21, July 2, 2007 (EDT) I really like the new layout, I think it makes it easier to read and access information. I'm sure it will look stupendous when it is complete. As of now, there are many pages that should, I think, be redirected to other pages. For example, until I edited it, Small Boat Sailing did not link to the Small-Boat Sailing Merit Badge. This might confuse people. Great Job!--BigTuna 14:10, July 5, 2007 (EDT)
Categorization of merit badge pages
Completed placing categories under each merit badge page [[Category:Boy Scouts]] [[Category:Merit Badges]]. --Jay Lee 18:07, April 11, 2007 (EDT)
- I may be a little late, but i would suggest making a merit badge template and a rank template, etc. to put on each page. that way, i you decide to change the organization, it is very easy. --Yakatz 22:52, April 11, 2007 (EDT)
- here is how it's done http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Template --Yakatz 23:02, April 11, 2007 (EDT)
- We can probably use the templates for Merit Badge groups and stuff. Its been a long time since I did a template I forgot all about it already. Jay Lee 01:27, April 12, 2007 (EDT)
- I knew there was a better way! I knew why; but my brain lock-up on the how – templates. Oh well. Learning process. By the way... Thanks, Jay!----RWSmith 02:51, April 12, 2007 (EDT)
How about a page that categorizes all merit badges by type, like Outdoors (Sports, Athletics, etc), Eagle Required, Environmental (Bird Study, Nature, etc), and so on? I'm sure it'd be a great way for those looking for certain merit badge genres to find what they want quick and be satisfied. --Swim4lyfe 19:24, July 2, 2007 (EDT)
- Here is an article that I created by copying from a Talk Page somewhere: List of Merit Badges by Field of Study. Anybody have any other methods? Scouterdennis 08:09, March 26, 2008 (EDT)
Award images
I'm trying to find out what the white knot on a purple background was, but having to go through all the pages is a chore (is it even here?). Could someone with more knowledge of awards and badges go through and make a few tables? Blast 10:26, May 12, 2007 (EDT)
- Ah, here they are. I'll see if I can't whip something together in the way of a table, then. Blast 10:33, May 12, 2007 (EDT)
User Page template
I'd like to suggest a User Page template for use on, well, User Pages. That way the pages can be categorized by this template.--BigTuna 12:05, July 25, 2007 (EDT)
- Maybe something like this? {{User talk header}}... (Developed by Yakatz) --RWSmith 04:04, July 26, 2007 (EDT)
If you want to leave a message, please do it at the bottom as a new section, for better formatting. You can do that by simply pressing the plus sign (+) on the top of this page. And don't forget to sign your messages by four tildes, like this: ~~~~
Attention: We, Wikipedians, dislike fragmented discussions. If you leave a comment for me here, I will most likely respond to it on this same page, my talk page, as an effort to keep the entire conversation in one place. By the same token, if I leave a comment on your talk page, please respond to it there. Remember, we can use our watchlist to keep track of when responses are made. At the same time, feel free to send an alert to me on this page about a comment you have left elsewhere.
Thank you!
Well, that's a user TALK template. I meant for the actual pages.--BigTuna 11:09, July 31, 2007 (EDT) As in user:BigTuna as opposed to user_talk:BigTuna.--BigTuna 07:47, August 3, 2007 (EDT)
Acceptable page topics
Howdy fellow MeritBadgeDotOrg-ians! I have a question: any appropriate Scouting-related subject can become a page? Not just merit badges? As in, a page on the Order of the Arrow, Wood Badge, National Youth Leader Training, and many others that are currently redlinks? Or even basic concepts like "Council" and "District;" how can you understand what the District Award of Merit is if you don't know what a district is? If so, I have no problems with "stealing" from wikipedia and/or typing some stuff up myself. I will look for a response either here or on my talk page. —ScouterSig 17:54, September 10, 2007 (EDT)
- Welcome, ScouterSig! Our primary mission is "helping Scouts advance". However, anything and everything that's Scouting-related... and constructive... is okay by me. So, go for it!!! In fact, we need editors (and mentors) to grow the Main namespace. (I'm working on the back-office (admin) stuff.) And again, welcome aboard!!! ---RWSmith (Sysop), 03:59, September 11, 2007 (EDT)
I think that all the merit badges should have the category Category:Boy Scouts removed, since Category:Merit Badges both fits better and is already applied to all the pages. If this seems OK, I may start on it this week. —ScouterSig 23:56, October 9, 2007 (EDT)
- I agree. This is Wikipedia's policy since the Category:Merit Badges already belongs to Category:Boy Scouts, making inclusion in both redundant and possibly confusing.Scouterdennis 12:18, February 27, 2008 (EST)
Links from the main site
I went though the trouble :) of creating an account to inform you ( even though im sure you already know) that every single merit badge on meritbadge.com links to a page with a 404 ( page not found) error. can someone put this on top of thier to do list since im sure its a major turn off [Scouter01]
- Ooh! That is bad. I'll e-mail Optimist about this problem. Thanks for letting us know. --RWSmith (Sysop), 04:08, January 22, 2008 (EST)
thanks. its been like that for a while
Deletions without Discussion?
I'm looking at a completely revised Worksheets page - with no discussion beforehand. I have to say I'm more than a little peeved at the amount of work that is simply discarded out of hand. There is no information on why it's done. Only Craig Lincoln's worksheets (USScouts) are linked -- what happened? Also, the person doing the changes has sysop privileges but is registered as of a week ago??? He's also removed all the links to Mr. R's passports.
What gives? I don't understand, and it's extremely frustrating to put so much time AFTER DISCUSSION and find it simply gone. Can you please shed some light? I find it unbecoming of a Scout(er) to slash without explanation. EagleForumFan 03:06, February 28, 2008 (EST)
- Regarding worksheets... The decission was made by a very small group of "key persons" but, more importantly, this action was taken without letting the community know what and why, first... The former was necessary; but, the latter was a big mistake. And I alone bear the responsibility for that error. I sincerely apologize for this.
- Scouterdennis has pointed out to me that most of the talk pages a just plain empty. To someone who has been here since the beginning, like you and I, would consider that "normal", as we all (the frequent editors) have been so busy getting info up and worrying about the talk pages later. Plus, it would seem, that most of the regulars who have been here a while, have been satisfied with the content. (I have spent much time grinding gears in my head about vandals, templates, naming conventions, possible future portals, policies, and on and on... Content has been the last thing on my mind.) Again, I'm sorry, EagleForumFan especially (check your email, BTW), and anybody else who hasn't spoken up.
- We're at a point where we're been coasting along for a while; but, we've hit some walls... We were poised for a growth spurt and I was, frankly, overwhelmed when it hit. We've got a couple of wiki experts on the rampage here now, and I'm running backwards as fast as I can just so I can see the big picture. —RWSmith (Bureaucrat), 00:02, March 22, 2008 (EDT)
Wikipedia Content?
If someone was to copy content from Wikipedia to the meritbadge.org wiki, how would that work, legally? Wikipedia content is automatically under the GFDL, which means that to copy it to this wiki, it would need to remain GFDL. I remember seeing a copyright on the Policy page here that was not in line with the GFDL. Under what license are we allowed to use the so-called "copyrighted information" on this site? The Goodwill of the BSA? Wikipedia has a blanket exemption from the BSA to use their copyrighted imagery in educational articles; do we have/need the same here?
The solution might be messy. The wording on the Policy page could be changed, and a footer template used for those articles that contain Wikipedia content. This might cause a problem for articles that have mixed content. My personal opinion would be to do what is necessary to allow both types (GFDL and non-GFDL) on meritbadge.org, because that would give us access to a large amount of already written content, which we could then tweak to *our* needs. Wikipedia editors love to remove stuff that they consider "non-significant".
How does the meritbadge.org community feel about that? How would the "owners" of meritbadge.org feel?
There is already some content on this wiki that was copied from wikipedia (admittedly I did some of it), so I believe that this needs to be addressed sooner rather that later (too late). Scouterdennis 17:57, March 7, 2008 (EST)
- Wikipedia has a blanket exemption from the BSA to use their copyrighted imagery in educational articles; do we have/need the same here? Yes.
- Regarding, GFDL and non-GFDL... The more we have had the need to pull information from wikipedia.org sites, e.g. images, tempplates, etc., the more of a concern this issue has come to my mind? If anyone has any "successful wording" we could change it to, please post your ideas at MeritBadgeDotOrg talk:Copyright policy. Thanks, —RWSmith (Bureaucrat), 00:11, March 22, 2008 (EDT)
- I have created a {{Copypaste}} template that can be used to tag suspicious articles. They will be automatically added to a category that can be perused by those interested in identifying and correcting possible copyright conflicts. Scouterdennis 09:53, March 23, 2008 (EDT)
- I vote to NOT transfer over ANY Wikipedia content. Otherwise, it will get transferred the other way as well, and this site will lose its distinctiveness. Are we in such a hurry to post content that it becomes less valuable? This site should remain under the ultimate control of its owner, yet accessible to all. Those who post here have vested interests in Boy Scouts, the content is heavily moderated, and it is a safe place for younger Scouts to visit and collect information. I can't say the same for Wikipedia. Do you think we have a "need" to pull from Wikipedia, or has it just been a convenience? I'd like them to be as unrelated as possible. EagleForumFan 02:30, March 22, 2008 (EDT)
- I think we need to define what "content" we're talking about here...
- Content, as in article pages --that is to say, from any Main namespace--, e.g., article pages from Wikipedia's Scouting Portal? No; we shouldn't be doing that.
- Content, as in non-article pages, e.g., from the Template, Help, Project, Image, etc., namespaces? Yes, absolutely; that's what it's there for. —RWSmith (Bureaucrat), 18:36, March 22, 2008 (EDT)
- No; we shouldn't be doing that. I would be interested in hearing some more opinions/discussion about this. I have moved this topic to a new section.) Scouterdennis 08:05, March 26, 2008 (EDT)
- Wikipedia has a blanket exemption from the BSA to use their copyrighted imagery in educational articles; do we have/need the same here? Yes.
- Yes we have and exemption or yes we need to get one? Scouterdennis 21:10, March 22, 2008 (EDT)
- Yes; we have it. I think there's something somewhere here on the wiki that explains it... but, if I can't find it, I'll make a page with the specifics. —RWSmith (Bureaucrat), 23:46, March 23, 2008 (EDT)
Should we use content originating from Wikipedia (GFDL license)?
I wouldn't be too concerned that content will get transfered from here to Wikipedia (WP) and this site losing its distinctiveness. The standards for relevance over there are sometimes so strict it amazes me. Articles need to be universally significant and be written in an encyclopedic tone. I know there are exceptions, but I have seen it happen on a few topics I was involved in. Has anyone been watching the evolution of Scouting articles on WP? They keep getting combined and smaller. One problem (some would see it as a good thing) with WP is that no matter how much a bunch of people really like a group of articles, all it takes is one persistent person who really knows the rules over there and content is chopped.
I would bet that if you transfered ALL of meritbadge.org's content over to wikipedia (which you can't, legally), 99.5 of it would be REMOVED within a week or so. No discussion. One of the advantages to _this_ site is we could decide to keep everything we want and no one can (permanently) remove it.
The kind of articles that I would see as being advantageous to bring into meritbadge.org would be some of the History of Scouting articles. They could then be edited to have more of a pro-Scouting slant, which is not allowed on WP. That way meritbadge.org would be more of a one-stop-shop for Scouting information and users wouldn't have the need to go to WP to continue, where they could possibly run into inappropriate information. (I would tend to disagree with EagleForumFan that WP is not heavily moderated. I'm sure there are lots of examples, but they do a pretty good job of removing inappropriate content. Their downfall is that they let unregistered people edit.) Scouterdennis 08:01, March 26, 2008 (EDT)
Boy Scout Handbook, E-version
I seem to remember there was and electronic version of the BSA Handbook on the .com Forms and Files page, It required some different program to read it or something like that... Anyway, Just wondering if that was still somewhere, the F&F page isn't active anymore. --Stranger 13:10, June 23, 2008 (EDT)
- Short answer: No such animal. (Leastways, not BSA-approved.) You may be thinking of the (awesome, I might add) 101 Scoutmaster's Minutes for Palm Pilots, which required a palm-type reader program. —RWSmith (Bureaucrat), 20:16, June 26, 2008 (EDT)
- >:-/ 101 Scoutmaster's Minutes I couldn't care less about. It's a shame, though, the first time I go and look for it intending to download it, the page is offline. Thanks anyway. --Stranger 08:33, June 30, 2008 (EDT)


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When a spill poses public safety and property threats via potential fires, explosions, toxic clouds, or other means, local officials are usually in command of the incident. The party responsible for the incident is required to cooperate with and aid the local police and fire agencies. At some facilities, the responsible party conducts the response; at other facilities and in transportation incidents where the responsible party may not have the specialized capability to address an incident, public agencies direct the response. If highly specialized activities such as off-loading tank cars or repackaging hazardous chemicals are required, the responsible party may implement the actions under the general direction of the local public safety commander.
In most States, the role of State agencies in public safety response during the early stages of an incident is to provide technical advice to local commanders as soon as possible. For spills occurring within an Indian reservation, the Tribe may be the primary responder for incidents at which an RP fails to act, or the Tribe may rely on local or State responders by prior agreement. During major incidents, State and Federal authorities may be able to provide additional assistance to the local commander at the spill scene by
Seldom will State or Federal authorities assume command from a local fire or police commander for short-term, on-site, public-safety-related issues.
A number of State and Federal programs require parties who are responsible for a spill to investigate and remedy all related environmental and health threats. Often these actions include activities on properties owned by third parties or public agencies. The actions usually begin somewhat later than the public safety protection response, but can continue for a much longer period. The actions may include, but are not limited to the following:
Sometimes an RP is unable or unwilling to adequately or quickly undertake the environmental and health protection actions required by State or Federal authorities. In those cases, State or Federal authorities can assume a more direct role. Usually this is done through investigation or cleanup contractors using governmental funds, such as State or Federal Superfunds or the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund (OSLTF). The costs of these direct government actions will usually be recovered later from the responsible party. The decision to assume governmental control of environmental and health follow-up of an incident is dependent on


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Today Good Morning America dived into the wild world of ordering knock-off wedding dresses from international websites, and surprise! They did not like what they found.
After going through some of the complaints from women that the dresses they ordered from online knockoff outlets came "looking like a middle school product," were made from cheap material, and "smelled of fish," GMA decided to order a few of their own. What they received in the mail were more of the same: all of the dresses came with beads where the jewels advertised on the site should be, one of the dresses had dirt marks, and one even came unfinished with pins in it. Another dress, which was advertised as being made from silk on the product's website, ended up being polyester in real life. Polyester. On the most important day of a woman's life. Shame on you, shady international knock-off retailers.


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January is National Cervical Cancer Awareness Month
CHRISTUS St. Catherine Hospital in Katy Urges Women to
Learn the Facts about Cervical Cancer
701 South Fry Road
Katy, TX 77450-2255
(281) 599-5700
Cervical cancer – in most cases – is preventable. We know what will cause it, and we have the technology to fight the disease. While some diseases have easily detectable symptoms, more often than not, cervical cancer can go undetected without any warning signs until it is in its later stages. That's why it's imperative for women to become more educated about the disease and take preventative measures. CHRISTUS St. Catherine Hospital and the Center for Disease Control (CDC) recommend the following preventive screening tests:
- Regular Well Woman Examinations: The best way to detect cervical cancer is by having regular "Well Woman" examinations. A well woman exam entails a routine pelvic examination, Pap testing and breast examination. The Pap test or Pap smear looks for precancerous cell changes on the cervix that may become cervical cancer if they are not treated appropriately.
- The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Test: The HPV test looks for the virus that can cause these cell changes. Talk with your doctor, nurse, or other health care professional about whether the HPV test is right for you.
- HPV Vaccine: Two HPV vaccines are available to protect females against the types of HPV that cause most cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. Both vaccines are recommended for 11- and 12-year-old girls, and for females 13 through 26 years of age who did not get any or all of the shots when they were younger. These vaccines also can be given to girls as young as 9 years of age.
By: Dr. Tania lee, OB/GYN, on staff at CHRISTUS St. Catherine Hospital


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Subclinical cobalamin [B-12] deficiency
– Source: Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, Mar 2012
By Ralph Carmel
[Note: cobalamin is vitamin B-12. "Normal" findings on serum B12 tests actually leave a large gray area between definitely deficient (clinical deficiency) and definitely sufficient. Cases of deficiencies within that gray area appear often associated with cognitive decline.]
Purpose of review: This review focuses on recent developments and controversies in the diagnosis, consequences, and management of subclinical cobalamin deficiency (SCCD), which affects many elderly persons.
Recent findings: Diagnosis of subclinical cobalamin deficiency depends exclusively on biochemical tests whose individual limitations suggest that combinations of tests are needed, especially in epidemiologic research.
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The causes of subclinical cobalamin deficiency are unknown in more than 60% of cases, which limits prognostic predictions and identification of health consequences.
After years of varying, often inconclusive associations, new clinical trials suggest that homocysteine [a risk marker for cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's & Parkinson's] reduction by high doses of folic acid [B-9]), cobalamin [B-12], and pyridoxine [B-6] may reduce progression of structural brain changes and cognitive impairment, especially in predisposed individuals.
• The causative or contributory roles, if any, of subclinical cobalamin deficiency itself in cognitive dysfunction require direct study.
• If the findings are confirmed, high-dose supplementation with three vitamins will probably be more effective than fortification of the diet.
Summary: The story of subclinical cobalamin deficiency which is severalfold times more common in the elderly than clinical cobalamin deficiency, but also differs from it in arising only infrequently from severe malabsorption and thus being less likely to progress, continues to evolve.
Preventive benefits need to be confirmed and expanded, and will require fuller understanding of subclinical cobalamin deficiency pathophysiology, natural history, and health consequences.
Source: Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, Mar 2012; 28(2) pp 151–158. Carmel R. Department of Medicine, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.


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Become a social impact investor for as little as $50.
Sasha Daucus
www.FundRaiserBasic.comVolunteer TechSoup Moderator
Mike Kirros IS Coordinator Clean Water Action/Clean Water Fund Midwest Regional Office
HyperOffice document collaboration suite is another great option to consider.
TechSoup will host a TweetChat on 11.July.2011 at 10am Pacific USA Time regarding working with virtual teams, and this will be a terrific opportunity to get more updated suggestions. Follow @TechSoup on Twitter so you will stay up-to-date about this and other events.
As for me, online tools I use with distributed groups/online volunteers to collaborate on documents and other files include:
I just so wish YahooGroups had something like GoogleDocs for use within a YahooGroup - that would be... beyond stellar. YahooGroups remains my favorite online community forum platform, and I use it a lot with various nonprofit employees and volunteers.
Why do I prefer these tools?
-=-=-=-=-=- Jayne Cravens Author, The LAST Virtual Volunteering Guidebook
DropBox is a great tool for file sharing. A lot of freelancers, entrepreneurs and distributed groups use Dropbox to collaborate, upload, download and share files and folders across the internet. It makes online file synchronization smooth and virtually instantaneous.. Here are other magical tools you can use to help distributed groups to communicate more effectively and become more productive.
We have been using ubidesk.com for a year or so and it has proved to be the BEST value and easy to use. Their document version control works great, and their task management is easy to use. They offer a 50% discounts to non-profits and have unlimited seats and projects. It is a GREAT value
We use Google Apps, Dropbox, and Basecamp. Curious about Huddle, which I see is now on Tech Soup.
What I don't like about Google is that sharing and permissions sometimes seems clunky, and there isn't (or I'm not aware of) a way to save versions. Also, I dislike seeing so many files when I go into it.
I like Dropbox because its so accessible and intuitive, and one can put files in folders, but there's the same versioning problem. Also, as more people get added it gets cumbersome in a way that Google and Basecamp don't.
In Basecamp I really like the ability to have different projects with different people involved. I've found this trickier with both Google and Dropbox. I like the message threads and how it sends messages via email vs. having to visit the site. I dislike the inability to edit docs on the site. Also, folks periodically have trouble logging in.
I'd love it if someone made a matrix of features and services so they could be compared and contrasted.
We use BaseCamp especially for grant applications that require collaborating with a bunch of different people (up to ten, usually) located across the country. So far I've had better luck with Basecamp with a very specific project and outcome, rather than as a "hang-out" informal place for postings
Folks, you may want to check out the new TechSoup donation program from Huddle. See details here.
Barb, TechSoup Senior Relationship Manager
I've worked with a company local here in the PNW that offers cloud based document management, training/learning management, and social collaboration in one platform. It seems to be more flexible than many other solutions and is affordable as its subscription based. It's called knowledge vault and is at www.knowledgevault.com. Something new that might be worth checking out if your looking for online sharing/communication tools! Good Luck!
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Health Facts You Need to Know About Smoking E-Cigs
The e-cigarette market is blowing up. Invented in 2003, today, there over 500 e-cig brands in the market and global sales topped 7 billion dollars in 2015. Amid this boom, there is an ongoing debate on the health ramifications of using e-cigs and what the list of the best electronic cigarette options is. While both… Read More »


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Bart Scott Tackles New TV Role
NEW YORK — Bart Scott is still yapping, saying whatever's on his mind.
Whether you like it or not.
Scott was one of the NFL's biggest trash-talking playmakers during an 11-year NFL career as a hard-hitting linebacker for the Baltimore Ravens and New York Jets. His teammates loved him, opposing offensive players couldn't stand him — but everyone heard what he had to say.
These days, it's still much of the same. Scott has made a seamless transition from the football field to the TV studio as an analyst on CBS Sports Network's "That Other Pregame Show" every Sunday during the NFL season.
"I love informing people and try to give it to them without being too technical," Scott said. "I love breaking down film and being able to explain why someone is playing at a high level or isn't playing at a high level. You might not believe me, but I can take the film, and here's the evidence.
"It's almost like being a teacher because you're making the viewer a smarter football fan."
Scott's new TV teammates include Adam Schein, Brandon Tierney and former NFL executive Amy Trask, and they tackle issues around the league, whether it's discussing how teams or players are performing or weighing in on the Miami Dolphins' locker room controversy.
"I thought it was a great opportunity for me to grow as an analyst and to bring something different that I didn't think they had, which was a young, African-American defensive player," Scott said. "They have a lot of great talent but it's mostly coaches, quarterbacks and offensive players, so I thought I could offer something a little different."
And, as you might expect, Scott pulls no punches.
"I'm honest and you might not agree with what I say, and if you prove me wrong, I'm man enough to say that I'm wrong," he said. "I can come here and I can do it my way. I always have. If I talk about something, understand that I kind of know what I'm talking about because I've seen it, not because I listened to what somebody else said about it."
That approach has made Scott a welcome part of the show that launched this season as an alternative to other networks' pregame programs.
"Some people don't realize how tough it is to be a successful analyst and have that translate into great television," Schein said. "Well, Bart gets it. He works incredibly hard, studies the game, he talks to people. He's not afraid and he has incredibly strong opinions. It's amazing, and frankly a joy, to see where he is as opposed to Week 1.
"He's polished, and he's going to be a star."
Scott had a sometimes-contentious relationship with the media during his four years with the Jets, coming off as moody at times, even issuing a self-imposed media boycott at one point. But, he could also be one of the game's most refreshingly honest players, offering up "the juice," as he called it, when he really wanted to make a point.
His "Can't wait!" declaration after the Jets beat the New England Patriots during the playoffs following the 2010 regular season is still a YouTube hit.
"I've always understood the dynamic, and I understand we all need each other," he said. "I was never against anybody, but now as a member of the media, I get to decide how I tell my stories and what principles and morals I choose to report with."
Scott hyperextended his right big toe in Week 3 last year, but kept playing even after three bones were torn from the ligament, an injury that would end most players' seasons. Scott played in a size 13½ cleat — he's normally a 12 — which he cut the top off of and filled with foam so his toe could get support.
"Now, you try to make a tackle off of that," he said. "That's what a leader does. A leader does what a lot of guys feel like they couldn't do."
After the season, doctors drilled a hole at the top of the toe and re-routed his ligament, which no longer extends to the end of his foot, so the toe doesn't bend. The 33-year-old Scott was criticized by some for appearing slow and old, but he never publicly revealed how bad the injury was until late in the season.
"My teammates were aware of it, and that's all that matters," he said. "I battled for my teammates and for myself. It wasn't the media's business."
He was released by the Jets in the offseason, but a healthy Scott planned to play again. There were a few offers, but nothing that excited him. So he started thinking about his post-football career.
"I didn't want to be one of those guys where people feel sorry for you because you're not the same person," Scott said, "like Muhammad Ali fighting Larry Holmes."
Sundays are a different type of game day now for Scott, who goes over his notes when he gets to the studio, watches plays from the previous week and chit-chats with colleagues.
Kickoffs are when the cameras turn on at 9 a.m. The four-hour show is live and largely ad-libbed — perfect for a guy from whom no one ever knew what was going to come out of his mouth next. When CBS Sports Network was auditioning for Scott's spot, Schein immediately predicted the former linebacker would get the job.
"He not only has a personality, but he's really, really smart," Schein said. "He's funny, he's energetic. There's always a method to Bart's madness. He's one of the brightest former players I've ever come across."
Scott's new role has also given him an opportunity to change the image some had of him as a big-mouthed, blustery jock.
"People didn't realize that I was an educated man and that I could articulate myself and I am a college graduate," he said. "I've got an economics degree and I don't think a lot people would believe that. I wasn't a dummy. ... I'm not just black or white. I've got a lot of different colors to myself."
He overcame the odds of having a long NFL career after being an undrafted free agent. Scott now plans to take the same never-quit approach to his new life in the studio.
"My goal in this genre, for as long as I do this, is for me to be seen as one of you guys and not a former player trying to do it," Scott said. "I don't want a free pass. I've got a lot of ground to make up. I know I can do it.
"And, I plan to be the best. That's the goal."


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First Take: Job gains don't cheer bond investors
Wall Street and Main Street got something to cheer about in Friday's unemployment report, but bond investors won't be happy.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 175,000 new jobs in February, and the unemployment rate remained essentially unchanged at 6.7%. Economists had expected 157,000 new jobs.
More jobs means more spending on goods and services, something that should make stock investors happy. Wage pressures remained muted, posing little threat to corporate earnings. Futures on the Standard and Poor's 500 stock index rose 0.44% in early morning trading on the news, and Dow futures rose more than 70 points.
FEB. EMPLOYMENT: 175,000 jobs gained, beating forecasts
MARKETS: Stocks rise as S&P 500 pushes into record territory
Bond investors, however, are only happy when it rains. A rising economy means more demand for money, which means higher interest rates — and rising interest rates clobber bond prices. And at current interest rate levels — the 10-year Treasury note yields just 2.72% — interest payments aren't going to fully compensate for drops in bond prices.
And there's plenty of fodder for those who are looking for a dark side to the report. Many people are still looking for work. Both the civilian labor force participation rate (63.0%) and the employment-population ratio (58.8%) were unchanged in February.
"The labor market is still terrible," says Peter Cappelli, George W. Taylor Professor of Management at the Wharton School. "The number of long-term unemployed rose a lot, and the unemployment rate rose because people are giving up."


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New sources are reporting a spike in Breaking Bad-themed costumes this Halloween—and with artist Nathan Peters documenting The Wardrobe of Walter White episode-by-episode in illustrated form, there are plenty of iterations to choose from.
If you forgot to pick up a haz-mat suit and gas mask ahead of time, here's another costume idea—like our heavy-metal Ryan Gosling post yesterday—that you should be able to put together mostly from your own closet. Any beige bomber, windbreaker, or trucker jacket will work; and while the authentic pant option (unfortunately) is to go khaki-on-khaki, if you're cool with your neighbors, you can try roaming the streets in Walter White's infamous premiere-episode tighty-whities. High-quality, sky-blue Pop Rocks are the candy of choice.
— — —
Editor's Picks to Get the Look:
Burberry Bomber Jacket | KW Glasses | Goatee from your local party store | Rag & Bone Hat
Clarks 'Wallabee' Boots | Blue Pop-Rocks | Nordstrom Cotton Briefs
Side Note: We all know these guys are 10x more stylish off the screen, so if you've got a killer suit, some stacks of Monopoly money—and maybe some fake blood for holiday-appropriate flair—red-carpet Walt or Jesse are entirely viable options.


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Quick Search: Choose Model and Year, then enter search topic.
Page: 13
There is a transponder (an electronic component) in the key grip, containing a stored code.
When the ignition is switched on, the ignition lock checks the code.
The immobilizer can be deactivated and the engine started only using an authorized ignition key.
Switching off the immobilizer
If the ignition is left on for more than 2 minutes without the engine being started, the immobilizer is switched on again.
Switching on the immobilizer
Security Wheel Bolts
1 - Central locking button
2 - Front luggage compartment lid button
3 - Rear luggage compartment lid button
4 - Light-emitting diode
Key with Radio Remote Control
Unlocking the vehicle
Locking the vehicle
Switching off the alarm system if it is triggered accidentally
Unlocking front luggage compartment lid
Unlocking rear luggage compartment lid
If the vehicle was locked, it is unlocked simultaneously with the luggage compartment.
In vehicles with seat memory the stored seat and door mirror positions are automatically set.
The vehicle will be locked again approx. 80 seconds after the luggage compartment is closed if none of the doors was opened.
Type 1
The relocking time of the doors can be adjusted to suit your individual requirements:
10 - 100 seconds.
Type 2
The doors stay locked when the luggage compartment is unlocked.


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Who we are
Server Case UK are the UK's server case and components specialists, selling PC cases, server cases, 19" Rackmount cases, Backplane modules, mobile disk racks, externam disk boxes and power supplies. server systems and components with thousands of products available to purchase securely online.
UK's only authorised eCommerce reseller of server chassis to the general public & companies.
Latest News
NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 Is Here!
Posted on: 11th Dec 2018
Real time means real change....and real, affordable ray tracing! Meet today's demanding professional workflows with GPU accelerated ray tracing, deep learning, and advanced shading. The NVIDIA® Quadro RTX™ 4000, powered by the NVIDIA Turing™ architecture and the NVID... [...] Read more
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Watch CBSN Live
Owner Ryusuke Akedo pets his falcon at Tori-no Iru Cafe in Tokyo, Japan, Feb. 23, 2014.
Located in Kiba, Tokyo, Tori-no Iru, or Birds Cafe, is a place where people can get up close and interact with exotic birds.
Japan has an increasing number of pet cafes, where people can enjoy petting live exotic animals while they eat and drink.
Credit: Keith Tsuji/Getty Images


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Event Information
Event Location: Gunflint TrailPO Box 1330
116 West Highway 61
Grand Marais, MN 55604
218-387-2788 (Phone)
Region: Northeast
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Gunflint Trail Outfitters have banded together to offer newbies a chance to try an hour of paddling for free, and will provide instruction if needed. Reservations required, call the outfitter or resort of your choice. More information and all participating locations listed on: https://www.visitcookcounty.com/event/wet-your-paddle-3-copy/2019-06-18/
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Gunflint Trail Association
PO Box 1330
Grand Marais, MN 55604
Call: (218) 387-2524
Toll Free: (888) 922-5000
The Gunflint Trail, Cook County Road #12, is a paved, two lane road, 57 miles long, surrounded by the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness. Resorts, canoe outfitters, bed and breakfast inns, campgrounds, and restaurants provide visitors with accommodations, equipment and watercraft rental, and dining.
A pioneer spirit & northwoods hospitality awaits you. Gunflint Trail hosts are eager to share knowledge of the area, its beauty and recreational opportunities. Paddle or boat the expansive waterways among loons & mergansers, watch moose feeding on the shore, and glimpse bald eagles & osprey circling high in the sky. Hike or bike among wildflowers and
ferns in the fragrant pine & balsam forests.
The Gunflint Trail provides access to remote lakes and woods. By day the sights, sounds, & scents of the forest create peace and tranquility that soothe the soul. In the evening, hear the distant cry of a wolf, the hoot of an owl, or the whispering breeze in the pines. Glance to the sky and find spectacular displays of northern lights, the Milky Way, and shimmering moonlight.The Gunflint Trail is an area for all seasons. Fall offers striking colors and prime hiking. Winter is full of cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, snowmobiling, and sleigh rides. Spring brings wildflowers, great fishing, and singing birds, and summer is a vacationer's paradise.


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Maximum Mobility for Growing BusinessesSum up all your small business communications on one platform with The Vertical Summit™ Communications System
The modern enterprise includes businesses of all sizes. Each with its own way of working. Smaller, leaner, meaner means you often have to work even harder and smarter… with an even closer eye on the bottom line. The Vertical Summit offers advanced VoIP technology, low cost SIP trunking, on/off premise mobility and remote connectivity in a compact, cost-effective platform on which to easily build and expand your communications capabilities as your business grows.
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Written by Skins scribe Geoff Bussetil and shot by Misfits director Tom Harper, this surprisingly entertaining alien invasion short film (titled Swarm) was made entirely using smartphones. Little did we know the whole thing was actually a promotion for Sony's Xperia Arc S — we were too busy watching these people getting eaten by the alien swarm!
[via Mashable]


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Client Profile: Systech Solutions, Inc.
Arun Gollapudi and his company Systech Solutions, Inc. help some of the country's biggest corporations make better decisions by giving them the tools to see a clear, comprehensive picture of their performance and operations. Now in its 16th year, Systech has created over 300 business intelligence "dashboards" for its clients from its offices in Glendale, Calif. and Chennai, India. Repeat customers include Disney, Nissan, Fox, Guitar Center and more. Within the past 10 years, Systech was ranked as number 79 and 116 among America's fastest-growing private companies by Inc. Magazine. This year, to reward his team for building the company while planning for his own succession, Arun made the decision to transfer ownership of Systech to its employees so that they can continue along the same trajectory that has brought them this success.
Before Arun and Systech co-founder Srini Ramaswamy started the company in 1993, Arun was an IT consultant with consulting experience at IBM and on his own. His transformation into an entrepreneur began while earning an MBA at UCLA's Anderson School of Management. An entrepreneurship professor challenged the students to define a vision for their own venture and to ask themselves, "why wait?"
Arun began to conceptualize what he would want his own IT consulting company to look like. Through his experience developing IT solutions for large companies, he knew that data was often scattered among up to a dozen different systems, resulting in uninformed decision-making that damaged company performance in large and small ways.
"I found it intriguing that we examine business case studies complete with data, but in the real world you don't get that data on a regular basis in order to make good decisions," says Arun.
He wanted to specialize in improving business intelligence to help companies drastically improve their operations and management. He wanted to be an expert in business intelligence, while not focusing so intensely on projects that he couldn't keep up with the latest IT technologies. Perhaps most importantly, he wanted his organization to be an empowering place for employees, driven by a flat, lean management style.
Arun shared his business concept with his friend Srini, a corporate IT specialist whom he had met during a consulting project. Srini asked him, "Why can't we build this?" The two developed a business model and determined what services they would offer to the market. They didn't focus on a specific industry, but instead on technology that can be used to improve business.
To launch the company, Arun and Srini sought out clients with lots of data that could be better organized and summarized to gain a clearer picture of the efficacy of current efforts. For example, one of their first clients, a leading multinational packaged foods company, offers so many different products that it can be difficult to verify the actual cost to produce, market and distribute each one and to determine each product's position and "stickiness" in the marketplace.
"It's a 'cost to serve' problem," says Arun. "The cost to produce an item may be $5 and it sells for $10, but the true cost may be $11 if you factor in transportation, advertising etcetera. It's more than just gross numbers."
The business intelligence "decisionable dashboards" that Systech develops for its clients help capture a more accurate picture of their costs, operations and performance. Sometimes they build a system and hand it off to the client; sometimes they provide ongoing support.
The company grew slowly in the beginning. By 1996 it consisted of about 16 people. As business picked up, in 2000 Systech had about 120 employees.
Systech's success is not just due to its skill in developing valuable analytical tools. In 2000 the company began to strategically partner with leading technology companies including Microsoft, IBM and Oracle so that they could go to market jointly. Instead of selling dashboards based on custom software, Systech utilizes the IT industry's best off-the-shelf software, giving their clients' business intelligence solutions more longevity and flexibility. These partnerships also helped to keep Systech employees up-to-date on the latest technologies and trends in the IT industry.
"We partner with technology companies because we didn't want to reinvent the wheel," says Arun. "We already have something good for the client."
Another strategic move that boosted Systech's growth was the establishment of its Offshore Technology Center in Chennai, India, near the Indian Institute of Technology Madras, the alma mater of both Arun and Srini. Today about half of Systech's employees are based in India. The Offshore Technology Center is where much of the project development takes place, and it also serves as the company's recruiting and training headquarters. Before going global, Systech had already set up its own training program, which, despite the expense, proved more efficient than having new hires get up to speed while on the job. By moving recruiting and training to India, they were able to cut costs and access some of India's best IT talent.
In 2007, a friend told Arun about an exceptional company called LeFiell Manufacturing in Santa Fe Springs, California, which provides tubular products to the aerospace and defense industries. When the company's owners wanted to transition to retirement, they set up an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) in order to "cash out" while maintaining continuity in the company's operations. Arun was especially intrigued by the ESOP's ability to make all employees think and act like company owners. They discovered ways to cut costs and came up with more efficient ways of doing things. They didn't have to be told to be on the ball if a prospective customer was stopping by – they always were.
Arun looked into the idea of implementing an ESOP at Systech, but he wasn't sure it was feasible, especially considering the high fees quoted by the consultants he spoke with. Then in 2008, Arun saw a presentation on employee ownership by Beyster Institute Director Tony Mathews at an event for Wells Fargo's commercial customers. He was inspired by the potential employee ownership has to engage employees, and he learned that implementation was not as costly as he had imagined. Tony and Arun sat down to review Systech's situation, design a plan and find the business valuation experts and lawyers who could help put it into place.
The plan rolled out in 2008, and Arun was surprised as to how moved his employees were by this decision. Each year Systech had introduced a new benefit or perk, but sharing company ownership was the gesture that truly exemplified Arun's desire to build a company of empowered people.
"They were surprised, because other companies get to our size and are sold," says Arun. "Instead we brought the whole team into it. It was the best thing that could have happened to our company."
Systech's ESOP transactions will progress in three "chunks." This first transaction will transfer 30 percent of company equity to the ESOP, the next will build ESOP ownership to 51 percent and the last would make the company fully employee-owned. For Systech, these transactions will occur based on profits so the company won't need to take out a loan. While the ESOP currently includes only U.S. employees, Tony and Arun are exploring ways to establish an employee ownership program for Systech's India-based team.
Arun says the tax benefits of the ESOP are just icing on the cake. "Our main goal was to create an empowered workforce. Our best resources are the ones that walk in the office every morning and out every evening."
Already, Arun has noticed that employees are beginning to make choices as owners. One employee owner recently discovered significant savings for the company by switching the administrator of one of Systech's employee benefits. "How many places do you have where employees are seeking out savings opportunities like that?" says Arun.
To business owners who are considering employee ownership, Arun says, "The ESOP was the best method we found to achieve employee alignment, build the business and efficiently use the benefits of the tax structure. This setup also makes us more able than our competitors to attract the best talent. Any resulting fortunate events such as spinoff companies are benefits to everyone."


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Sleeping In with Szewcow and Gwynn: Sundays 2 p.m. to 4 p.m.
David Gwynn is a freshman communications fellow at Elon and jumped into the DJ position early in the year. He has loads of fun playing music and being crazy on air and can't wait to continue doing so. He is from North Carolina and has never done anything radio-related before but always loved impressions, accents and funny voices, and what better stage to be on than the radio!
"We choose a different theme every week and play songs that corrospond with that theme. We like to use a variety of music genres on our show and we frequently host interesting guests to have a good time chatting and joking on air. The marriage of witty banter, quirky conversation and great tunes provides the ultimate form of radio entertainment!"
Gabriela Szewcow is a freshman Communications Fellow from Pittsburgh, PA. Like David, she's new to the radio scene, but she's so glad that the two friends were able to jump right into it and gain a semester of experience before becoming a specialty show. She looks forward to three more years of fun with her awesome co-host!


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No. 83,662
$2,044 in U.S. CURRENCY
1. Under K.S.A. 60-4112(j), proof that money was found in close proximity to contraband raises a rebuttable presumption that the money is subject to forfeiture.
2. Under the Kansas Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act, once the seizing authority proves that money was found in close proximity to contraband, the burden of proof shifts to the claimant to rebut the presumption of forfeiture arising in favor of the seizing authority. A finding that a claimant has failed to rebut the presumption raised on behalf of the seizing authority is a negative finding which will only be set aside by proof that the trial court arbitrarily disregarded undisputed evidence or was guilty of bias, passion, or prejudice.
3. Under the Kansas Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act, the seizing authority is not required to prove that the money seized was a result of conduct which gave rise to the forfeiture.
4. K.S.A. 60-4111 requires that the claimant in a forfeiture case must file a claim to the seized property by mailing written notice to the seizing agent and its attorney by certified mail, return receipt requested, within 30 days after notice of pending forfeiture. The mailing of such notice by first class mail does not comply with the statute.
5. Under the facts of this case, where the parties to a forfeiture action stipulated that the seizing authority had actual notice of the claim to the property seized, the service of that notice by first class mail was in substantial compliance with K.S.A. 60-4111. The law does not require a useless act that it no way would have changed the notice actually given.
6. K.S.A. 60-4101 et seq. is not unconstitutional because it may result in the forfeiture of the claimant's estate, nor does it violate the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
7. The forfeiture of money in this case did not violate the provisions of K.S.A. 60-4106(c).
Appeal from Barton District Court; MIKE KEELEY, judge. Opinion filed July 28, 2000. Affirmed.
Kent A. Roth, of Roth Law Office, of Ellinwood, for the appellant.
Richard A. Boeckman, of Keenan & Boeckman Law Firm, P.A., of Great Bend, for the appellee.
Before GREEN, P.J., LEWIS, J., and ROBERT J. FLEMING, District Judge, assigned.
LEWIS, J.: The automobile in which appellant Lorna Rae Steinert was riding was stopped for a traffic violation in the City of Hoisington (City). During the course of that stop, illegal drugs, drug paraphernalia, and cash were found on Steinert and/or in the vehicle. The City seized the cash and seeks its forfeiture under K.S.A. 60-4104(b). The trial court held in favor of the City, and Steinert pursues her appeal to this court.
Steinert was a passenger in an automobile driven by her ex-husband Chris. The vehicle was stopped for a taillight violation. Steinert consented to a search of her pockets and her purse. This, for Steinert, was not a good decision. In her purse, the officer found methamphetamine and drug paraphernalia. She was promptly arrested for possession of those items.
After her arrest, Steinert asked if she could say goodbye to her daughter and talk with her ex-husband about arranging Steinert's bail. She was given permission to do so, and she then reached in her front pocket and pulled out a wad of cash. She offered the money to her ex-husband to use for her bail.
The arresting police officer saw Steinert remove the money from her pocket and promptly took it. The officer testified Steinert had $2,044 in bills in her front pocket. There were eight $100 bills, eight $50's, 39 $20's, five $10's, one $5, and nine $1's. He said that, in his opinion, the money came from drugs sales. He cited the way it was carried and felt it was indicative of a drug dealer who would carry a large amount of cash for use in drug transactions.
Steinert claims the money in her front pocket came from her sale of cars and various other items. Her testimony at trial varied considerably from statements she made prior to trial and, during the trial, she did not or could not produce receipts or witnesses to prove her explanations as to how she acquired the money.
After listening to all the evidence, the trial court found that the City had met its burden of proof; the money was found in close proximity to contraband and should be forfeited. The court also found that the City's actual notice of a claim of ownership did not constitute a waiver of the certified mail requirement of K.S.A. 60-4111(a). On appeal, Steinert raises a number of issues.
As noted, the trial court construed 60-4112(j) as requiring only that an item be in close proximity to the contraband to raise the presumption of forfeiture. Steinert argues that the trial court misconstrued that statute and that the item can only be forfeited if it facilitated an act giving rise to forfeiture.
We disagree with Steinert's reading of the statute. K.S.A. 60-4112(j) creates a rebuttable presumption that money found in close proximity to a controlled substance is forfeitable. It provides as follows:
"The fact that money, negotiable instruments, precious metals, communication devices, and weapons were found in close proximity to contraband or an instrumentality of conduct giving rise to forfeiture shall give rise to the rebuttable presumption, in the manner provided in subsection (a) of K.S.A. 60-414, and amendments thereto, that such item was the proceeds of conduct giving rise to forfeiture or was used or intended to be used to facilitate the conduct." (Emphasis added.)
Of course, this is a civil proceeding, and the rules relating to civil procedure are applicable. Under K.S.A. 60-4113(g), the City had the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that defendant's interest in the property was subject to forfeiture. If the City carried its burden, the burden then shifted to the claimant to show by a preponderance of the evidence that his interest in the property is not subject to forfeiture.
The trial court found that the City met its burden by showing that the money was in close proximity to the contraband. The court also found that Steinert, while she presented some evidence, failed to meet her burden to rebut the presumption. The trial court's finding that Steinert failed to meet her burden of proof is a negative finding, and to challenge that finding, she must prove arbitrary disregard of undisputed evidence or some extrinsic consideration such as bias, passion, or prejudice. This is required because the negative finding signifies the failure of the party upon whom the burden of proof was cast to sustain it. See Thomason v. Stout, 267 Kan. 234, 238, 978 P.2d 918 (1999).
In addition to the negative finding burden of proof, where the trial court has made findings of fact and conclusions of law, our standard of review is to determine whether those findings are supported by substantial competent evidence and whether they support the trial court's conclusions of law. Kansas Highway Patrol v. 1985 Chevrolet Astro Van, 24 Kan. App. 2d 841, 844, 954 P.2d 718 (1998).
We conclude the trial court's finding concerning the forfeitability of the money is supported by substantial competent evidence. In making this conclusion, we point out that it is not our function to weigh the evidence or to pass on the credibility of witnesses, and we do not do so. If the evidence and all reasonable inferences drawn from it, when viewed from the perspective most favorable to the prevailing party, support the trial court's decision, that decision will be affirmed.
Steinert argues the City must prove the money seized was a result of conduct giving rise to a forfeiture before it can be forfeited. We do not agree. The City is only required to prove that the money sought to be forfeited was in close proximity to a controlled substance. State v. 1978 Chevrolet Automobile, 17 Kan. App. 2d 144, 148-49, 835 P.2d 1376 (1992). The City is not required to prove the money was obtained to buy or sell drugs. The law is quite clear that once the City proves the money was in close proximity to a controlled substance, it raises a presumption in favor of forfeiture, which claimant must then rebut.
We hold that the City's evidence raised a presumption in favor of forfeiture and that Steinert did not meet her burden to refute that presumption.
Steinert also argues the evidence does not sufficiently show that the money was in close proximity to the contraband. She argues that the money was seized from her person while the controlled substance was found in her purse and that the money was not, therefore, in close proximity. We disagree. In 1978 Chevrolet Automobile, the cash was found on the claimant's person after he had exited the vehicle. The marijuana was found in the car, part of it in the front seat and part of it in a duffel bag. Under those facts, we held that the money was in close proximity to the controlled substance. 17 Kan. App. 2d at 146-47. In this case, the purse was never more than an arm's reach away from Steinert until after her arrest. There is no doubt in our minds that the evidence shows that the money in her pocket was, indeed, in close proximity to the controlled substances in her purse.
In closing, we note that no serious search and seizure issues arise in this proceeding. It is true that the money was seized from Steinert's person. At the time of the seizure, Steinert was under arrest, she would have been booked into jail, and, of course, the money inevitably would have been discovered during that process.
K.S.A. 60-4111(a) states, in pertinent part:
"Only an owner of or interest holder in property seized for forfeiture may file a claim, and shall do so in the manner provided in this section. The claim shall be mailed to the seizing agency and to the plaintiff's attorney by certified mail, return receipt requested, within 30 days after the effective date of notice of pending forfeiture." (Emphasis added.)
The parties stipulated that the City had actual notice of Steinert's claim but that the claim was mailed first class instead of certified mail as required by the statute.
The trial court held that since Steinert did not comply with the provisions of the statute requiring certified mailing of the notice, her claim would fail under the statute.
Interpretation of a statute is a question of law, and our review is unlimited. Hamilton v. State Farm Fire & Cas. Co., 263 Kan. 875, 879, 953 P.2d 1027 (1998).
We conclude the trial court erred in concluding that Steinert's failure to serve the notice by certified mail was fatal to her claim.
As noted above, the parties stipulated that the City had actual notice of the claim. The claim was mailed first class instead of by certified mail. "The law does not require a useless act that in no way would have changed the notice actually given." Kopp's Rug Co. v. Talbot, 5 Kan. App. 2d 565, 567, 620 P.2d 1167 (1980). In Talbot, we held that service of notice of a mechanic's lien sufficiently complied with K.S.A. 60-1103 even though the notice was not sent by restricted mail as required.
We hold that under the facts of this case, Steinert substantially complied with the statute. She mailed the notice, and the City stipulated that it had actual notice of her claim. We should note that our decision is limited to the facts of this case. If the City had not stipulated that it had actual timely notice of the claim, our decision certainly might have been different, but we do not reach that question.
Steinert attacks the constitutionality of the Kansas Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act, K.S.A. 60-4101 et seq. The constitutionality of a statute is a question of law, and our review is unlimited. See Thompson v. State, 23 Kan. App. 2d 305, 306-07, 929 P.2d 803 (1996).
Steinert argues the statute is unconstitutional because it forfeits her estate for a criminal conviction. Apparently, she is contending she kept all of her money on her person and, therefore, the seizure of the $2,044 was, in effect, a forfeiture of her entire estate. The money in this case was not forfeited before Steinert was convicted of a crime. The money was forfeited because it was in close proximity to a controlled substance. The money would have been forfeited regardless of whether Steinert had been charged and convicted of possession of those controlled substances. The statute gave her ample opportunity to rebut the presumption of forfeiture, and she was unable to do so. We conclude that her challenge as to the constitutionality of the statute is without merit.
In addition, we previously have evaluated the constitutionality of the Kansas Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act. In State v. Yeoman, 24 Kan. App. 2d 639, 951 P.2d 964 (1997), we held that the statute did not violate the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Steinert argues that the forfeiture of her money was grossly disproportionate to the nature and severity of her conduct. K.S.A. 60-4106(c) lists the factors that are to be considered in determining whether a forfeiture is grossly disproportionate:
"(1) The gain received or expected to be received by an owner from conduct that allows forfeiture;
"(2) the value of the property subject to forfeiture;
"(3) the extent to which the property actually facilitated the criminal conduct;
"(4) the nature and extent of the owner's knowledge of the role of others in the conduct that allows forfeiture of the property and efforts of the owner to prevent the conduct; and
"(5) the totality of the circumstances regarding the investigation."
We have analyzed the evidence and evaluated it in light of the factors listed in the statute, and we feel comfortable in concluding that, as a matter of law, the forfeiture of $2,044 was not grossly disproportionate to Steinert's conduct in possessing illegal controlled substances.
In making this decision, we are aware the trial court did not appear to analyze the factors listed in the statute. Since our conclusion is that the forfeiture was not grossly disproportionate as a matter of law, it is not necessary that we remand the case to the trial court for further consideration of that issue.
Steinert argues she was subjected to an unreasonable search and seizure when the officers seized the money incident to her arrest. This argument was not raised to the trial court in the civil forfeiture action. Issues not raised before the trial court cannot be raised on appeal. Ripley v. Tolbert, 260 Kan. 491, 513, 921 P.2d 1210 (1996).
Finding no error on appeal, we affirm the decision of the trial court.