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Saturday, 30 December 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Feast of the Holy Family (Year B)
First reading
Ecclesiasticus 3: 2-6, 12-14
For God haes made the faither honourable tae the bairns:
an seekan the judgment o the mithers, haes confirmit it upon the bairns.
He at luves God, sal be forgien his sins bi prayer,
an sal refrain hissel frae thaim, an sal be haird i the prayer o days.
An he at honours his mither is as ane at gaithers a treisur.
He at honours his faither sal hae joy i his ain bairns,
an i the day o his prayer he sal be haird.
He at honours his faither sal enjoy a lang life:
an he at obeys the faither, sal be a comfort tae his mither.
Son, uphaud the auld age o thy faither,
an dinna fash him i his life;
an gin his wuts fails, hae patience wi him,
an dinna despise him whan thou is i thy strenth:
for the relievin o the faither salna be forgotten.
For guid sal be repaid tae thee for the sin o thy mither.
[Own translation, level 2 (20/12/18) methodology here]
Responsorial Psalm
Psalm 127: 1-5
Blissit ar thay that sit in Goddis dreid,
And leif in his commandement alway:
Of thy hand laubour thow sail eit, be not feird,
And fair weill thow sal euerie day.
Thy wyfe salbe as ane frutefulle wyne,
And sail weill ay incres thy hous;
Thy bairnis all sail to vertew inclyne,
As fair Oliue treis that be plenteous.
Quhen euer thow sittis at thy tabill,
Thy bairnis sall stand round about thé;
Sa will the Lord make thé abill,
And fill thy hous with honestie:
Sa sall God him euer blis,
That dreidis him ay in his leifing,
Always sall he be sicker of this,
That is neidful to want na thing.
Fra Syone sall the Lord blis thé ,
That thow may sé to thy greit weill,
How prosperous Jerusalem sall be,
And thow ressauit to eternall heill.
Ane profitabill lyfe sail be geuin thé
And God alway sall be thy freind:
Thy Childeris Childring thou sall se,
And peace in Israell sall thow find.
[Complete Psalm 127, from The Gude and Godlie Ballatis [1567] John Wedderburn et al., Alexander Ferrier (ed.) (1897), p.130 here]
Second reading
Colossians 3: 12-21
Pit ye on, than, as chosen anes o' God, holie and weel-lo'ed, the tender-affections o' compassion, graciousness, humbleness o' mind, canniness, patience: tholin ane-anither, in tenderness forgiean ane-anither, gin aiblins ony ane has a compleent again ony; e'en as the Lord oot o' love forgae you, sae do ye. But ower and aboon a' thir things, hae ye love, whilk wull bind thegither a' things in perfeteness. And lat the peace o' Christ be Regent in yere hearts; till whilk ye war bidden, as ae body; and be ye thankfu'.
Be the word o' Christ dwallin in ye richly; in a' wyss teachin and admonishin o' yersels, in psalms, in hymns, and godly sangs: liltin i' yere hearts to God in yere gratitude. And in a' things, whatsae'er ye be doin, in word or in wark, do a' in the name o' the Lord Jesus, giean thanks to yere God and Faither throwe him. Wives, submit yersels to yere husbands, as is fittin in the Lord. Husbands, lo'e yere wives, and be-na set again them. Bairns, be ye biddable to yere parents in a' things, for this is weel-pleasin i' the Lord. Faithers, wauken-na up ang'er in yere bairns, least they be disheartened.
[From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here]
Gospel reading
Luke 2:22-40
And whan the days o' purification by the law o' Moses war fulfilled, they took him to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord; e'en as it is putten-doon i' the law o' the Lord, "Ilka male that opes a womb sal be ca'd holie to the Lord." And to offer an offeran, as it is putten-doon i' the law o' the Lord, "A pair o' cushats, or twa young doos." And mark! thar was a man i' Jerusalem, whase name was Simeon; and this man was holie and devout, lookin' for Isra'l's consolation. And the Holie Spirit was on him. And the Holie Spirit had made kent to him that he soudna see death till he had seen the Anointit o' the Lord. And he cam i' the Spirit, intil the Temple; and whan the parents brocht in the bairn Jesus, to do for him what was the custom o' the Law, he took him in his airms, and praised God, and said,
"Noo, wull thou dismiss thy servant, 0 Lord! conform to thy word, in peace!
For my een hae seen thy salvation,
whilk thou hast brocht forrit afore the face o' a' folk.
A licht for unveilin to the Gentiles,
and a glorie for thy folk o' Isra'l!"
And Joseph and his mither ferlied at a' the things that war said anent him. And Simeon bless't them, and said to Mary his mither, "Lo! this Ane is set for the fa'in and staunin again o' mony in Isra'l : and for a sign to be misca'd. And a sword sal thring throwe yere ain heart as weel, that the thochts o' mony hearts may be schawn."
And thar was ane Anna, a prophetess, Phanuel's dochter, o' the tribe o' Asher; she was o' an unco age, and bad leev'd wi' a husband seeven year frae her maidenhood: and she bade a weedow for four-score and four year, wha left-na the Temple; and ser't wi' fastins and prayers nicht and day: and she too comin in at that time gied thanks to God; and spak o' him to a' wha war waitin for the deliverin o' Jerusalem.
And whan they had dune a' things conform to the law o' the Lord, they gaed awa intil Galilee, to
their ain citie Nazareth. And the bairn grew, and wax't strang; fu' o' wisdom; and God's tender favor was wi' him.
[From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here]
Sunday, 24 December 2017
Mass readings in Scots: the Nativity of the Lord (Mass at Midnight)
First reading
Isaiah 9: 1-7
The pepile that yede in mirknessis
saw gret licht;
quhen men duelt in the cuntre of schadow of dede,
licht raase up to thame.
The folk ye hae doubled forby
an' gien them a hansel o' joy;
they're fain afore thee,
as wi' hairstin glee,
an' as rievers are blythe at pairtin the ploy.
For the bunemaist girth o' his lade,
an' the brank on his shouldir blade,
an' the rung i' the taksman's nieve
was owre him ay sae stieve;
ye hae flinder'd their three-fauld ban',
as ance i' the day o' Midian.
For a' the gran' graith o' weir,
an' the plaidin wi' bluid lappit fou;
it sal e'en be till flung i' the fire,
an' for snacks till the bleezan lowe.
For suth a litil child is born to vs,
and a sonn is gevin to vs;
and princehede is made on his schuldir;
and his name salbe callit
Wonndirfull, and Connsaler, God, Strenthie,
a Fader of the warld to-cummand, Prince of pece.
His empire salbe multiplijt,
and na end salbe of his pece;
he sal sitt on the sete of Dauid,
and on the realme of him,
that he conferme it, and mak stark
in dome and richtfulnes, frahynfurth and till into withoutin end.
[From a) The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1905) vol 3, pp. 277-8 here; b) italicised additions from Isaiah frae Hebrew intil Scottis, by P. Hately Waddell 1879 (Amazon US here; Amazon UK here) ]
Responsorial Psalm
Psalm 95: 1-3, 11-13
SING untill the Lord ane new sang;
sing untill the Lord, a' the yirth.
Sing untill the Lord, bliss his næme;
shaw furth his salvatione frae daye til daye.
Speik furth his glorie amang the heæthin,
his wunders amang a' kin-kyne.
Let the heævens rejoyce, an' let the yirth be gladsume;
let the se rair, an' the fu'niss thero'.
Let the feeld be joyfu', an' a' that is in't;
than sail the tries o' the wud rejoyce
afore the Lord ; for he cums,
for he cums til juudge the yirth:
he sail juudge the warld wi' richteousniss,
an' his peeple wi' trouth.
[From Psalm 96, The Book of Psalms in Lowland Scots Henry Scott Riddell (1857) here]
Second reading
Titus 2: 11-14
For grace o God hes kythed wi salvâtion for aa men; an it hes taen us in haund, lairnin us tae gíe owre wi gudelessness an warldlie craves, an líve douce, honest, gude-fearin lives i the praisent warld, ey waitin on the fufilment o our blissit howp, the kythin o the Glorie o our gryte God an Sauviour, Christ Jesus, at gíed himsel in our behauf tae redeem us frae aa wickitness an mak o us a fowk o his nain, clean o the fylement o sin, an ey fond tae dae what is richt an guid.
[From The New Testament in Scots (2012), translated by W. L. Lorimer, Canongate Classics, ISBN 978 0 85786 285 3, Amazon UK here, Amazon US here.]
Gospel reading
Luke 2: 1-14
Noo i' thae days it cam aboot thar gaed oot a decree frae Cesar Augustus that a' the inhabiters o' his dominions soud be enrolled. And this enrollment was made whan Quirinius was Governor in Syria. And a' war gaun to be enrolled, ilk ane to his ain citie. And Joseph, as weel, gaed up frae Galilee, oot o' the citie o' Nazareth, intil Judea, intil Dauvid's citie, whilk is ca'd Bethlehem ; for that he was o' the hoose and stock o' Dauvid: to be enrolled, wi' Mary his betrothed wife, wha was a mither-to-be. And sae it was, that while they war thar, the days war fulfilled for her to bring forth. And she brocht forth her son -her first-born- and row't him in a barrie-coat, and laid him i' the manger, for that there was nae room for them i' the inn. And thar war in the same kintra side herds bidin i' the fields, and keepin gaird ower their flocks by nicht. And see! an Angel o' the Lord cam till them, and the glorie o' the Lord glintit roond aboot them; and they war sair gliff'd. And the Angel said, "Be-na gliff'd; for I bring ye gude tidins o' muckle joy to the hail warld! For thar is born t'ye this day, in Dauvid's toun, a Saviour, wha is the Anointit Lord. And here is the token for ye: ye'se fin' the bairn row't in a barrie-coat, lyin in a manger." And a' at ance there was wi' the Angel a thrang o' Heeven's host, praisin God, and sayin,
"Glorie to God i' the heighest heights,
and on the yirth peace! Gude wull to men!"
[From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here]
Merry Christmas!
Saturday, 23 December 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Fourth Sunday in Advent (Year B)
Gospel reading
Luke 1:26-38
And i' the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent frae God till a citie o' Galilee ca'd Nazareth, till a maid betrothed to a man named Joseph, o' the hoose o' Dauvid ; and the maid's name was Mary. And the Angel, comin in till her, says, "Joy be to ye, favored ane ! The Lord is w' ye; blest be ye amang weemen!" But she was unco put-aboot at the sayin, and was comin ower in her mind whatna kind o' salutation this micht be! And the Angel said, " Fear-na, Mary ! for ye hae gotten favor wi' God! And tak tent ! ye sal conceive i' the womb, and bring forth a son, and sal ca' his name Jesus. He sal be great, an' sal be ca'd 'The Son o' the Maist Heigh;' and the Lord sal gie to him the thron o' his faither Dauvid. And he sal reign ower the hoose o' Jaucob for aye: and o' his kingdom sal be nae endin!" But Mary said to the Angel, "Hoo sal this be, sin a husband I ken-na?" And the Angel answerin, says, "The Holie Spirit sal come, and the pooer o' the Maist Heigh sal descend upon ye; and sae that that is to be born sal be ca'd holie, the Son o' God! And mark! Elizabeth, yere kinswumman, e'en she has conceived a son in her auld age; and this is the saxth month wi' her wha was coontit bairnless. For nae word frae God sal want pooer!" And Mary said, "Lo! I am the handmaid o' the Lord. Be it e'en to me, conform to thy word!" And the Angel gaed awa frae her.
[From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here]
Saturday, 16 December 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Third Sunday of Advent (Year B)
First reading:
Isaiah 61:1-2a, 10-11
The spirit of the Lord uponn me;
for that he anoyntit me:
he send me to preche to pure men, to tell out to debonir men;
he send me that I suld leche contrite men in hart,
and preche to captiue men forgeuenes,
and to closit men opnyng;
And to preche a yere to the Lord plesabile.
O syne, I'se be blythe in Jehovah;
my life sal be fain o' my God!
for he cled me wi' cleedin o' saifty,
an' wi' rightousness happit me snod;
e'en 's a bridegrom decores him wi' buckles,
an' a bride wi' her braws sae proud.
For like as the lan' shutes its growthe out,
an' the yaird sends sawin furth;
e'en sae sal the Lord God Almighty gie seed time,
till a' that's fu' right an' fu' kindly,
fornenst ilka natioun on yirth.
[1-2a from The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1905) vol 3 here (p.278); 10-11 from Isaiah frae Hebrew intil Scottis, by P. Hately Waddell 1879 (Amazon US here; Amazon UK here)]
Responsorial Psalm:
Luke 1:46-50, 53-54
My saule magnifies the Lord,
And my spirit has glaidit in God my heil.
For he beheld the meeknes of his handmaidin;
for, lo, of this al generatiouns sal say that I am blessit.
For he that is mychti has done to me grete thingis;
and his name is haly.
And his mercy is fra kinred into kinreddis
to men that dredis him.
He has fulfillit hungrie men with gudes;
and he has left richemen void.
He, having mynd of his mercy,
tuke Israel, his childe.
[From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1901) vol 1 here]
Second reading:
1 Thessalonians 5: 16-24
Euirmare ioy ye; Without cessing pray ye; Jn althingis do ye thankingis. For this is the will of God in Crist Jesu, in al you. Will ye nocht slokin the spirit; Will ye nocht despise prophecies. Bot preue ye althingis, and hald ye that thing that is gude. Abstene you fra al euile spice. And God himself of pece mak you hali be althingis, that your spirit be kepit haale, and saule, and body, without playnt, in the cumming of our Lord Jesu Crist. God is trew, that callit you, quhilk alsa sal do.
[From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1903) vol 2 here]
Gospel reading:
John 1: 6-8, 19-28
A man was send fra God,
to quham the name was Johne.
This man com into witnessing,
that he suld bere witnessing of the licht,
that al men suld beleue be him.
He was nocht the licht,
bot that he suld bere witnessing of the licht.
And this [is] the witnessing of Johnne, quhen Jewis send fra Jerusalem preestis and dekners to him, that thai suld ask him, "Quha art thou?" And he knawlechit, and denyit nocht. And he knawlechit, "For I am nocht Crist." And thai askit him, "Quhat than? Art thou Hely?" And he said, "I am nocht." "Art thou a prophet?" And he ansuerd, "Nay." Tharfore thai said to him, "Quha art thou? that we geue ane ansuere to thir that send vs. Quhat sais thou of thi self?" And he said,
"I am a voce of a criar in a desert,
Dresse ye the way of the Lord,
as Esaie, the prophet said."
And thai that war send war of the Phariseis. And thai askit him, and said to him, "Quhat than baptyses thou, gif thou art nocht Crist, nowthir Hely, nouthir a prophet?" Johnne ansuerde to tham, and said, "I baptyse in watir, bot in the middis of you has standin aan that ye knaw nocht; He it is, that sail cum eftir [me], that was made before me, of quham I am nocht worthi to lows the thuang of his scho." Thir thingis war done in Bethany beyond Jordan, quhare Johnne was baptysand.
[From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1903) vol 2 here]
Saturday, 9 December 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Second Sunday in Advent (Year B)
Gospel reading:
Mark 1: 1-8
The first o' the Blythe-Message o' Jesus Christ, God's Son. E'en as it is putten-doon by Esaiah the prophet,
Lo! I send oot my messenger afore thy face,
wha sal mak ready thy way for thy comin.
The sough o' ane cryin oot i' the waste,
Mak ye ready a gate for the Lord!
Mak straucht his fit-roads!
Than raise John, bapteezin i' the muirland, and preachin repentance-baptism for the pittin-awa o'
sins. And thar gaed oot till him a' the kintra-side o' Judea, and a' thae o' Jerusalem, and war bapteez't o' him i' the River Jordan, tellin oot their sins. And John was cleedit wi'camels'-hair, and had a leather belt aboot him; and he did eat locusts and rock-hinny. And quo' he in his preachin, "Ane sterker nor I comes eftir me, the whang o' whase shoon I am-na fit to lout doon and lowse! I watir-bapteeze ye; but he sal bapteeze ye wi' Holie Spirit!"
(From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here)
Saturday, 2 December 2017
Mass readings in Scots: First Sunday of Advent (Year B)
Gospel reading
Mark 13:33-37
[Jesus said to his disciples:]
"Tak ye tent! watch and pray! for ye kenna whan the time is. As a man bidin in a far-awa lan'; wha has left his hoose, and gien authoritie to his servants; to ilka ane his wark; and commandit the porter to tak gude tent; tak ye gude tent, thar-for! for ye kenna whan the maister o' the hoose comes hame; gin it be at e'en, or at midnicht, or at the cock crawin, or at the dawin; least, comin on ye o' a suddaintie, he find ye sleepin! And what I say to you, I say to a' -tak tent!"
[From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here]
Saturday, 25 November 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Feast of Our Lord Jesus Christ, Universal King (Final Sunday of the Year) (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 25: 31-46
[Jesus spak' until his disciples:] "Whan the Son o' Man sall come in his glory, an' a' the haly angels wi' him, syne sall he sit upon the throne o' his glory, an' afore him sall be gather't a' nations: an' he sall shed them ane frae anither, as a shepherd sheddeth his sheep frae the gaits: an' he sall set the sheep on his richt han', but the gaits on the left. Syne sall the King say until thae on his richt han', 'Come, ye blesset o' my Father, inherit the kingdom preparet for you frae the fundation o' the warld. For I was hungry, an' ye gied me meat; I was drouthy, an' ye gied me drink; I was a stranger, an' ye teuk me in; Naket, an' ye claithet me: I was ill, an' ye visitet me; I was in prison, an' ye cam' until me.' Syne sall the richteous answer him, sayin', 'Lord, whan saw we thee hungry, an' fed thee? or drouthy, an' gied thee drink? Whan saw we thee a stranger, an' teuk thee in? or naket, an' claithet thee ? Or whan saw we thee ill, or in prison, an' cam' until thee?' An' the King sall answer an' say until them, 'Verily I say unto you, inasmeikle as ye hae dune it until ane o' the laist o' thae my brithren, ye hae dune it until me.' Syne sall he say alsua until them on his left han', 'Gae awa frae me, ye curset, intil the everlastin' fire preparet for the deevil an' his angels: for I was hungry, an' ye gied me nae meat; I was drouthy, an' ye gied me nae drink; I was a stranger, an' ye didna tak' me in; naket, an' ye didna claithe me; ill, an' in prison, an' ye didna visit me.' Syne sall they alsua answer him, sayin', 'Lord, whan saw we thee hungry, or drouthy, or a stranger, or naket, or ill, or in prison, an' didna minister until thee?' Syne sall he answer them, sayin', 'Verily I say unto you, inasmeikle as ye didna do it til ane o' the laist o' thae, ye didna do it til me.' An' thae sall gae awa intil everlastin' punishment; but the richteous intil life eternal."
[From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here]
Saturday, 18 November 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Thirty-third Sunday of the Year (Year A)
First reading
Proverbs 31: 10-13, 19-20, 30-31
A douce an' guid wumman--
Wha'll man' to get her for himsel?
For the worth o' her
Is far abune jewels, red-skinklin.
The hairt o' her ain guidman lippens her brawlie,
An' mony's the blessin she brings him;
It's guid that she daes him, an' nae ill ava,
A' the days o' her life.
She's gleg on the sairch baith for woo' an' for lint,
An' aye wi' her hauns is as eident as can be;
She keeps hersel thrang wi' the rock-an'-the-tow,
An' fu' cantie ower the spinnin-wheel.
But, for a' that, she's an open-hairtit body to the puir,
An', e'en to gangrels, she's kent to hae a raxin haun.
Crackin o' ane abune anither is ticklish wark,
An' bonnieness itsel is only for a gliff;
But a wumman wi' the fear o' the Lord
Is ane that canna be dawtit eneuch;
Lat a' her weel-daein, in this thing an' that,
Be putten doon clear to her credit,
An' sae lat the lave ken richtly aboot it,
Lat the lave o' folks ken hoo she ocht to be laudit.
[From The Wyse-Sayin's o' Solomon [The Book of Proverbs] by T Whyte Paterson; Alexander Gardner (Paisley) 1915 here]
Responsorial Psalm
Psalm 127 1-5
O blythe may ilk ane be, wi' dread o' the Lord;
wha gangs i' thae gates o' his ain:
Whan ye pree o' the wark o' yer han's;
fu' blythe sal ye be, an' fu' weel sal ye fen' yerlane.
Yer gudewife, like the fraughtit vine,
by the sconce o' yer houss sal stan';
yer weans, round about yer meltith-buird,
sal growe like the olive wands.
E'en sae, sae blythe sal the wight be,
wha lives in the dread o' the Lord.
The Lord sal blythe-bid ye frae Zioun;
an' on a' that 's guid in Jerus'lem,
ye sal leuk ilka day o' yer life.
[From Psalm 128, The Psalms: frae Hebrew intil Scottis P. Hately Waddell (1891) here]
Second reading
1 Thessalonians 5: 1-6
Bot, brether, of tymes and momentis ye nede nocht that I write to you. For ye you self wate deligentlie, that the day of the Lord sal cum, as a theef in the nycht. For quhen thai sal say pece is, and sickirnes, than suddane dede sal cum on thame, as dolour to a woman that is with child, and thai sal nocht eschape.
Bot, brether, ye ar nocht in mirknessis, that the ilk day as a theef tak you. For all ye ar the sonnis of licht, and sonnis of day; we ar nocht of nycht, nor yit of mirknessis. Tharfore slepe we nocht as vthir; bot wake we, and be we sobire.
[From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1903) vol 2 here]
Gospel reading
Matthew 25: 14-30
[Jesus spak' this parable until his disciples:]
"For the kingdom o' heaven is as a man gaein' intil a far kintra, wha ca'd his ain servan's, an' gied until them his guids. An' until ane he gied five talents, til anither twa, an' til anither ane; til ilka man accordin' til his ability; an' straughtway teuk his journey. Syne he wha had gotten the five talents gaed, an' coft an' trocked wi' that ilk, an' made ither five talents. An' likewaise he wha had gotten the twa, he alsua gainet tither twa. But he wha had gotten ane gaed an' howket in the yird, an' hidet his lord's money. After a lang time the lord o' thae servants cometh an' counteth wi' them. An', behald, he wha had gotten five talents cam' an'broucht ither five talents, sayin', 'Lord, thou giedst until me five talents: behald, I hae gainet forbye them five talents mair.' His lord said until him, 'Weel dune, thou guid an' faithfu' servan': thou hast been faithfu' owre a few things, I will mak' thee maister owre mony things; gang thou intil the joy o' thy lord.' He alsua wha had gotten twa talents cam' an' said, 'Lord, thou giedst until me twa talents: behald, I hae gainet twa ither talents forbye them.' His lord said until him, 'Weel dune, guid an' faithfu' servan': thou hast been faithfu' owre a few things, I will mak' thee maister owre mony things: gang thou intil the joy o' thy lord.' Syne he wha had gotten the ae talent cam' an' said, 'Lord, I kent that thou art a nippit man, shearin' whare thou hastna sawn, an' gatherin' whare thou hastna strinklet: an' I was afear't, an' gaed an' hidet thy talent in the yird: behald, there thou hast that whilk is thine ain.' His lord answer't an' said until him, 'Thou wicket an' sleuthfu' servan', thou kennest that I shear whare I didna saw, an' gather whare I haena strinklet:thou sudst therefore hae putten my money to the ockerers, an' syne at my comin' I sud hae gotten mine ain wi' int'rest. Tak' therefore the talent frae him, an' gie it until him wha hath ten talents. For until ilka ane that hath sall be gien, an' he sall hae rowth; but frae him wha hathna sall be taen awa e'en that whilk he hath. An' cast ye the unprofitable servan' intil outer mirkness: there sall be greetin' an' runchin' o' teeth.' "
[From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here]
Saturday, 11 November 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Thirty-second Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 25: 1-13
[Jesus spak' this parable until his disciples:]
"Than sall the kingdom o' heaven be evenet until ten maidens, wha teuk their lamps, an' gaed furth to meet the bridegroom. An' five o' them were wise, an' five were fulish. They wha were fulish teuk their lamps, an' teuk nae oulie wi' them: but the wise teuk oulie in their crusies wi' their lamps. While the bridegroom taiglet, they a' dover't an sleepet. An' at midnicht there was a cry made, 'Behald, the bridegroom cometh ; gae ye out to meet him!' Syne a' thae maidens rase up, an' trimmet their lamps. An' the fulish said until the wise anes, 'Gie us o' your oulie, for our lamps are gane out.' But the wise maidens answer't, sayin', 'It maunna be sae, lest there binna eneugh for us an' you, but gang ye rather til them wha sell, an' coff for yoursels.' An' while they gaed to coff, the bridegroom cam'; an' they wha were ready gaed in wi' him til the bridal, an' the door was steeket. Afterward cam' alsua the tither maidens, sayin', 'Lord, Lord, open til us.' But he answer't an' said, 'Verily I say unto you, I dinna ken ye.' Watch, therefore; for ye ken neither the day nar the hour wharein the Son o' man cometh."
[From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here]
Sunday, 5 November 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Thirty-first Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 23: 1-12
Than spak' Jesus til the multitud an' til his discipels, sayin', "The Scribes an' the Pharisees sit in Moses' seat: a' therfor whatsaeevir they bid yow tak' tent o', that tak' tent o', an' do: but dona ye efter their warks; for they say, an' dona. For they bin' hivy burdens an' grevious til be borne, an' lay them on men's shouthers; but they themsels wullna muve them wi' ane o' their fingirs. But a' their warks they do for til be seen o' men: they mak' braid their phylacteries, an' widen the bordirs o' their garmints, an' loe the uppermaist rooms at feasts, an' the chief settels in the synigogues, an' accoustins in the merkits, an' til be ca't o' men, Rabbi, Rabbi.
"But bena ye ca't Rabbi: for ane is your Maister, een Christ, an' a' ye ar brithren. An' ca' nаe man your faether upon yirth: for ane is your Father, whilk is in heæven. Næther be ye ca't maisters: for ane is your Maister, een Christ. But he that is gritest amang ye sall be your servent. For whasaeevir sall lift up himsel sall be casan doun; an' he that shall humill himsel sall be liftet up."
(From The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here)
Saturday, 28 October 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Thirtieth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
First reading
Exodus 22: 20-26
[The Laird said tae Moses, "Say this tae the bairns o Israel,]
'Evendoun ruinage will come on ony man that maks offerins tae ony ither god but the Laird. Dae nae wrang tae an ootlin, an dinna be haurd on him; for ye yersels bade in a fremmit kintra, in the laund o Egypt. Dae nae wrang tae a weedae, or tae a bairn that's faither is deid. Gin ye'r ill-kyndit tae thaim in ony wey; an thair cry comes up tae me, A will certes tak tent; an in the heat o ma wraith A will pit ye tae deith b the swuird, sae that yer guidwifes will be weedaes an yer bairns 'ithoot faithers.
'Gin ye lat ony o the puir amang ma fowk hae the uiss o yer siller, dinna be a haurd creeditor tae him, an dinna tak interest.
'Gin iver ye tak yer neebour's claesin excheenge for the uiss o yer siller, lat him hae't back afore dayset: for it's the ae thing he haes for happin his skin; whit is he tae gang tae sleep in? An whan his cry comes up tae me, A will tak tent, for ma mercy is great.' "
(From The Old Testament in Scots, vol. 1, The Pentateuch, trans. Gavin Falconer and Ross G. Arthur (2014) (translation into Plain Scots under the auspices of the Ullans Academy) ISBN 978-1-78324-005-0. Amazon US here. Amazon UK here.
Responsorial Psalm 17: 2-4, 47, 51
I wull loe thee, O Lord, my strencth.
The Lord is my rok, an' my reive, an' my deliferer;
my God, my strencth, in wham I wull trust;
my buklir, an' the hoorn o' my salvatione, an' my hie towir.
I wull ca' apon the Lord, wha is wurdie til be prayset;
sae sail I be saufet frae a' mine enimies.
The Lord leiveth; an' blisset be my rok;
an' let the God o' my salvatibne be sete hie.
Grit delifrance gies he til the King,
an' shaws mercie til his anaintet.
(Psalm 18, from The Book of Psalms in Lowland Scots Henry Scott Riddell (1857) here)
Second reading
1 Thessalonians 1, 5c-10
Ye wate, quhilk we war amang you for you; And ye ar made followeris of vs, and of the Lord, resavand the word in mekile tribulatioun, with ioy of the Haligaast; Sa that ye ar made exempile to almen that beleues, in Macedonie and in Achaie. For of yow the word of the Lord is publisit, nocht aanly in Macedonie and Achaie, bot your faith that is to God, in ilk place is gane furth; sa that it is nocht nede to vs to speke ony thing. For thai schaw of yon, quhat maner entre we had to you, how ye ar conuertit to God fra mawmentis, to serue to levand God and verray; And to abide his sonn fra heuenis, quham he raasit fra dede, the Lord Jesu, that deliuerit vs fra wrathe to cummand.
(From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1903) vol 2 here)
Gospel reading
Matthew 22:34-40
But whan the Pharisees had heard that he had putten the Sadducees til silence, they wer getheret thegither. Than ane o' them, whilk was ane lawyer, axet him ane quastione, tempin' him, an' sayin', "Maister, whilk is the grit commandement in the law?" Jesus said untill him, "Thou sallt loe the Lord .thy God wi' a' thy hairt, an' wi' a' thy saul, an' wi' a' thy min'. This is the first an' grit commandement. An' the second is like untill it, Thou sallt loe thy neeber as thysel'. On thae twa commandements hing a' the law an' the prophets."
(From The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here)
Saturday, 21 October 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-ninth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 22: 15-21
Than gaed the Pharisees, an' teuk rede how they micht fickle him in his talk. An' they sendet out until him their disciples wi' the Herodians, sayin', "Maister, we ken that thou art true, an' teachest the way o' God in truth, neither carest thou for ony man: for thou regardestna the person o' men. Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawfu' to gie stent until Caesar, or no?" But Jesus perceivet their wicketness, an' said, "Why temp' ye me, ye hypocrites? Shaw me the stent-money." An' they broucht until him a penny. An' he saith until them, "Whase is this image an' the writin' aboon?" They say until him, "Caesar's." Syne saith he until them, "Gie therefore until Caesar the things whilk are Caesar's, an' until God the things whilk are God's."
[From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here]
Saturday, 14 October 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-eighth Sunday of Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 22: 1-14
[Jesus spak' until the chief priests an' the elders o' the people:] "The kingdom o' heaven is like until a certain king, wha made a bridal for his son, an' sendet furth his servan's to ca' them wha were bidden til the waddin'; and they wadna come. . 4 Again, he sendet furth ither servan's, sayin', 'Tell thae wha are bidden, behald, I hae preparet my dinner; my owsen an' my fatlin's are killet, an' a' things are ready: come until the bridal.' But they made licht o't, an' gaed their gates, ane til his mailen, anither til his merchandice, an' the lave teuk his servan's, an' treated them spitefully, an' killet them. But whan the king hear't o't, he was wrathfu'; an' he sendet furth his sodgers, an' destroyet thae murderers, an' brunt up their toun. Syne saith he til his servan's, 'The waddin' is ready, but they wha were bidden werena wordy. Gang ye therefore intil the highways, an' as mony as ye sall fin', bid them til the feast.' Sae thae servan's gaed out intil the highways, an' gather't thegither a' as mony as they fand, baith bad an' guid: an' the waddin' was bodin wi' guests. An' whan the king cam' in to see the guests, he saw there a man wha hadna on a waddin' garment. An' he saith until him, 'Frien', how camest thou in here no haein' on a waddin' garment?' An' he was dumbfoun'er't. Syne said the king til the servan's, 'Bin' him han' an' fit, an' tak' him awa, an' cast him intil outer mirkness: there sall be greetin' an' runchin' o' teeth.' For mony are ca'd, but few are wal'd."
[From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here]
Saturday, 7 October 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-seventh Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 21:33-43
[Jesus said untill the chief priests an' the elders o' the peeple,] "Hear anither parable: Ther was ane certain houshaulder whilk plantet ane vinyaird, an' hedget it roun' about, an' howket ane wine-press in it, an' bigget ane touer, an' let it out til husbanmen, an' gaed intill аne fer countrie. An' whan the time o' the frut drew neer, he sendet his servents til the husbanmen, that they micht receive the fruts o' it. An' the husbanmen tuik his servents an' nevellet ane, an' killet anither, an' stanet anither. Agane he sendet ither servents mair nor the first: an' they did untill them likewaise. But last o' a' he sendet untill them his son, sayin', 'They wull reverance my son.' But whan the husbanmen sаw the son, they said amang themsels, 'This is the heir; come, let us kill him, an' let us seeze on his heirscep.' An' they grippet him, an' castet him out o' the vinyaird, an' sleyet him. Whan the lord therfor o' the vinyaird comith, what wull he do til thae husbanmen?" They say untill him, "Нe wull miserablie destroye thae wicket men, an' wull let out his vinyaird untill ither husbanmen, whilk sall render him the fruts in their seasens." Jesus saith untill them, "Did ye nevir reæd in the Scripturs,
The stane whilk the biggers rejecket,
the same is become the cape stane o' the nuik:
this is the Lord's doin',
an' it is marvellous in our eyne?
"Therfor say I untill yow, The kingdoom o' God sall be taken frae yow, an' gien til ane natione bringin' furth the fruts thero'."
The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here
Saturday, 30 September 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-sixth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 21:28-32
[Jesus said untill the chief priests an' the elders o' the peeple,] "But what think ye? Ane certain man had twa sons; an' he cam' til the first, an' said, 'Son, gae wurk the day in my vinyaird.' He answiret an' said, 'I wullna': but efterwaird he ruet, an' gaed. An' he cam' til the second, an' said likewaise. An' he answiret an' said, 'I gae, sir': an' gaedna. Whuther o' them twayne did the wull o' his faether?" They say untill him, "The first." Jesus saith untill them, "Verilie I say untill yow, that the publikins an' harlotes gae intill the kingdoom o' God afore yow. For John cam' untill yow in the waye o' richtiousniss, an' ye beleivet him nat: but the publikins an' harlotes beleivet him; an' ye, whan ye had seen it, repentetna efter wairds, that ye micht beleive him."
The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here
Saturday, 23 September 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-fifth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
First reading
Isaiah 55: 6-9
Syne seek till the Lord, whan he's in yer ca';
an' cry till himsel, whan he's no far awa.
Lat the ill-man quat his ill-gate;
an' the man o' mischieff, his debait:
an' win back till the Lord, for he'll rew on him syne;
an' till God o' our ain, for he's unco kin'.
For it's no, thought o' mine, thought o' yours;
nor it's no, gate o' yours, gate o' mine:
bot heigh owre the yirth as the lifts are,
sae heigh abune your gates are my gates;
an' my thoughts abune thoughts o' thine.
(From Peter Hately Waddell (1879) Isaiah: Frae Hebrew intil Scottis, J. Menzies & Co, Edinburgh and Glasgow (reprint Lightning Source UK Ltd, Milton Keynes, ISBN 9-781274542106 (Amazon UK here; Amazon US here)).)
Responsorial Psalm
Psalm 144: 2-3, 8-9, 17-18
I maun heize ye heigh; an' laud yer name, for evir an' ay:
Ilka day, I maun roose yersel; an' laud yer name for evir an' ay.
Fu' gran' 's the Lord, an' weel to be laudit;
end o' his greatness nane can be:
Kind an' pitifu' ay is the Lord;
lang or he lowes; and rews right fain:
Gude's the Lord till a' forby;
an' his pitie, atowre his warks ilk ane.
Right is the Lord in ilk gate o' his ain,
an' kindly in a' that his han' does:
Nieborlie ay is the Lord, till a' wha cry on himsel;
till a' wha cry on himsel, right heartilie.
The Psalms: frae Hebrew intil Scottis P. Hately Waddell (1891) here
Second reading
Letter of St Paul to the Philippians 1:20-24, 27
Crist salbe magnifijt in my body, outhir be lijf, outhir be deid. For to me to leeue is Crist, and to dee is wynnyng. That gif to leue in flesch, is fruit of werk to me, and quhat I sal chese, I knaw nocht. Bot I am constrenyeit of ij thingis, I haue desire to be dissoluit, and to be with Crist, it is mekile mare bettire; Bot to duell in flesch, is nedefull for you.
Aanly leue ye worthilie to the gospele of Crist, that quhethir quhen I cum and se you, outhir absent I here of you, that ye stand in aa spirit of aa will, traualand togiddire to the faith of the euangele.
The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1903) vol 2 here
Gospel reading
Matthew 20:1-16
[Jesus said till his disciples] "For the Kingdom o' Heeven is like till a man, a laird, wha gaed oot i' the dawin, to hire workers intil his vine-yaird. And whan he had 'greet wi' the laborers for a hauf-merk a day, he sent them intil his vine-yaird. And he gaed oot aboot the chap o' nine, and, saw ither anes staunin idle i' the merkit. And quo' he to them, 'Gang ye as weel intil the vine-yaird, and whate'er is richt, ye sal hae!' And they gaed their ways. And again he gaed oot aboot twal', and thrie o'clock, and did the same. And at fyve he gaed oot, and faund mair staunin; and, quo' he, 'Hoo is't ye staun here, idle a' the day?' They say, 'For that nae man fee'd us!' He says to them, 'Gang ye as weel intil the vine-yaird; and whate'er is richt, that sal ye hae!' Sae whan gloamin was come, the laird o' the vine-yaird says to his grieve, 'Ca' the workers; and gie them their fee; beginnin frae the hinmaist doon to the first.' And whan they o' fyve o'clock cam, they gat ilk man a hauf-merk. And whan the first cam, they trow'd to hae gotten mair; and they, as weel, gat ilka man a hauf-merk. And whan they gat it, they yammer't again the gudeman, saying, 'Thir last anes hae putten-in ae 'oor, and ye hae made them even wi' us, wha hae dreed the weary cark and scouther o' the day!' But he answer't ane o' them, and quo' he, 'Freend, I do ye nae wrang! Did-ye-na tak-on wi' me for a hauf-merk? Tak what belangs t'ye, and gang yere gate ! It is my wull to gie to this last e'en as to you. Is't no richt to hae my ain wull in my ain things? Is your ee skellied because I am upricht?' Sae the hinmaist sal be first, and the first hinmaist. For mony are bidden, but no a' acceptit."
The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here
Saturday, 16 September 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-fourth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 18:21-35
"Therfor is the kingdoom o' heaeven likenet untill ane certain king, whilk wad tak' account o' his servents. An' whan he had begoude til recken, ane was broucht untill him whilk awet him ten thousan' talents. But forasmeikle as he hadna til paye, his lord commandet him til be sauld, an' his wiffe an' chider, an' a' that he had, an' payement til be made. The servent therfor fell doun an' wurshippet him, sayin', 'Lord, hae patience wi' me, an' I wull paye thee a'.' Than the lord o' that servent was amovet wi' tendir wae, an' lowset him, an' foтgаe him the det. But the same servent gaed out, fand ane o' his fella-servents whilk awet him ane hundret pence; an' he laid hans on him, an' tuik him bie the hass, sayin', 'Paye me that thou awest.' An' his fella-servent fell doun at his feet, an' besoucht him, sayin', 'Hae patience wi' me, an' I wull paye thee a'. An' he wadna; but gaed an' castet him intill prisen till he shud paye the det. Sae whan his fella-servents saw what was dune, they wer verra sorrie, an' cam' an' tauld untill their lord a' that was dune. Than his lord, efter that he had ca't him, said untill him, 'O ye wicket servent, I forgae thee a' that det, becaus thou desiredst me. Shudestna thou alsua hae had tendir feelin' for thy fella-servent, een as I had pitie on thee?' An' his lord was verra angrie, an' de liveret him til the tormenters til he shud paye a' that was due untill him. Sae likewaise sall my heaevenlie Faether do alsua untill yow, gif ye frae your hairts forgiena ilka ane his brither their offendins."
The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here
Saturday, 9 September 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-third Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 18: 15-20
[Jesus said until his disciples:] "Mairowre, gif thy brither do aucht agayne thee, gae an' tell him his faut atween him an' thee alane; gif he sall hear thee, thou hast gainet thy brither. But gif he winna hear thee, syne tak' wi' thee ane or twa mair, that in the mouth o' twa or three witnesses ilka word may be sickerly made to stan' guid. An' gif he sall neglec' to hear them, tell it til the kirk: but gif he neglec' to hear the kirk, let him be until thee as a heathen man an' a publican.
"Verily I say unto you, whatsaever ye sall bin' on yirth sall be bund in heaven; an' whatsaever ye sall lowse on yirth sall be lowset in heaven.
"Again I say until you, That gif twa o' you sall agree on yirth as touchin' ony thing that they sall ask, it sall be dune for them o' my Father wha is in heaven. For whare twa or three are gather't thegither in my name, there am I in the middle o' them."
[From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here]
Saturday, 2 September 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-second Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 16: 21-27
Frae that time furth begoude Jesus til shaw untill his discipels how that he maun gang untill Jerusalem, an' thole mony things o' the elders an' chief priests an' scribes, an' be killet, an' be ræset agane the thrid day. Than Peter tuik him, an' begoude til rebuke him, sayin', "Be it fer frae thee, Lord: this sallna be untill thee." But he' turnet an' said untill Peter, "Get thee behint me, Sattan: thou art ane offence untill me; for thou saaverestna o' the things that be o' God, but thae that be o' men."
Than said Jesus untill his discipels, "Gif ony man wull come efter me, let him deny himsel', an' tak' up his cross, an' follo me. For whasaeevir wull saufe his liffe sall lose it; an' whasaeevir wull lose his liffe for my sak' sall fin' it. For what is ane man profitet, gif he sall gaine the haill warld an' lose his ain saul? or what sall ane man gie in nifferment for his saul?
"For the Son o' man sall come in the glorie o' his Fæther wi' his angils; an' than he sall rewaird ilka man accordin' til his warks."
(From The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here)
Saturday, 26 August 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twenty-first Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 16:13-20
Whan Jesus had come intil the kintra-side o' Philip's Cesarea, he speir't at his disciples, "Wha dae folk say the Son o' Man is?" And quo' they, "Some, John the Baptist; and some, Elijah; and ithers, Jeremiah, or ane o' the Prophets." He says to them, "But wha say ye that I am?" And Simon Peter spak, and quo' he, " Thou art the Anointit Ane, the Son o' the Leovin God!" And Jesus answerin, says till him, " Happy are ye, Simon, son o' John! for nae flesh and blude tell't it t'ye, but my Faither i' the Heevens. And I say t'ye, ye are a Rockman; and on this Rock wull I bigg my kirk; and the yetts o' Hell sal nevir owercome it! And I wull gie t'ye the keys o' Heeven's Kingdom; and what ye sal bind on the yirth sal be bund in Heeven; and what ye sal lowse on the yirth sal be lowsed in Heeven." Than chairged he the disciples no to tell ony man he was the Anointit Ane.
From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here
Saturday, 19 August 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Twentieth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
First reading
Isaiah 56: 1, 6-7
Syne sae quo' the Lord: Haud ay by the straught, an' do ay what's right; for my ain heal-haddin's nar till win on, an' my right-recht till win intil sight.
An' the sons o' the frem wha tak up wi' the Lord, till ser' him; an' wha like the Lord's name, till be loons o' his ain; a' siclike's min' the sabbath weel, an' tak haud o' my tryst sae leal: I sal e'en fesh them hame till my halie hill, an' fu' blythe they sal be in my houss o' prayer; their burnt-offrans a', an' the beiss they fell, sal be a' taen weel on my autar thar: for that houss o' my ain, for the ilk ane, sal be ca'd the Houss o' Prayer.
[From Isaiah frae Hebrew intil Scottis, by P. Hately Waddell 1879 (Amazon US here; Amazon UK here)]
Responsorial Psalm
Psalm 66, 2-3, 5-6, 8.
GOD be gude till us; aye, an' be kind till us;
glint his face on us: Selah.
That yer gate may be kent on the yirth;
an' yer health amang a' the hethen.
Lat nieborly kins be blythe an' lilt:
for the folk ye sal right
i' the gate that 's straught;
an' the kins i' the lan', ye sal niebor them: Selah.
Lat the folk gie ye laud, O God;
lat the folk gie ye laud, the hail o' them.
God, he sal blythe-bid oursels ;
an' a' ends o' the yirth sal be fley'd o' him!
[From Psalm 67 in The Psalms: frae Hebrew intil Scottis by P. Hately Waddell (1891) here]
Second reading
Letter of St Paul to the Romans 11: 13-15, 29-32.
Bot I say to yow, hethinmen. For als lang as I am apostile of hethinmen, I sail honour my mynisterie, gif in ony maner I stere my flesch for to follow, and that I mak sum of thame saaf. For gif the lose of thame is the reconceling of the warld, quhat is the taking vp, bot lijf of deidmen?
And the giftis and the calling of God ar without forthinking.
And as sum tyme alsa ye beleuet nocht to God, bot now ye haue gettin mercy for the vnbeleue of thame; Sa and thir now beleue nocht into your mercy, that alsa thai get mercy. For God closit togiddir althingis in vnbeleue, that he haue mercy on alle.
[From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1903) vol 2 here.]
Gospel reading
Matthew 15: 21-28
Then Jesus upt an left that place, an he went awa tae tha dïstrict roon Tyre an Sidon. An thïs Canaanite wumman frae thaim pairts cum tae hïm, cryin oot, "Loard, Sinn o Davit, hae peetie on me! Ma dochtèr ïs sufferin sumthin tarrible wi an ïll spïrit." Jesus niver saed a wurd. Sae hïs follaers cum tae hïm an plaidit wi hïm, "Senn hir awa, fer she's follaein iz an she'll no stap hir yellin oot." He saed bak, "A wus onlie sent tae tha loast sheep o tha Hoose o Israel." Tha wumman cum an got doon on hir knees afore hïm an she saed, "Loard, halp me!" "It ïsnae richt," saed he, "tae tak tha weans' breid an clod ït tae tha wee dugs." "Ay, Loard, that's richt," she saed, "but still wi aa, e'en tha wee dugs gits aitin tha crumbs that faa frae thair maïstèrs' boord!" Then Jesus saed bak tae hir, "Wumman, sitch an a faith ye hae! Ye'll het whut ye axt fer." An hir dochtèr got bettèr that verie oor.
(From Tha Fower Gospels (2016) (Ulster-Scots), Ullans Press, ISBN: 978-1-905281-25-1, Amazon UK here, Amazon US here.)
Saturday, 12 August 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Nineteenth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Matthew 14: 22-33
An' straughtway Jesus gar't his disciples get intil a ship, an' gae afore him until the tither side, while he sendet the thrang awa. An' whan he had sendet the thrang awa, he gaed up intil a mountain by himsel to pray: and whan the gloamin' was come he was there alane. But the ship was now in the middle o' the sea, tosset wi' waves; for the win' was contrair. An' in the fourt' watch o' the nicht Jesus gaed until them, gangin' on the sea. An' whan the disciples saw him gangin' on the sea, they were fleyed, sayin', "It is a wraith;" an' they screighet out for fear. But straughtway Jesus spak' until them, sayin', "Be o' guid cheer; it is me; binna fleyed." An' Peter answer't him, an' said, "Lord, gin it be thou, bid me come until thee on the water." An' he said, "Come." An' whan Peter was come doun out o' the ship he gaed on the water to gang til Jesus. But whan he saw the win' gousty, he was afear't, an', beginnin' to sink, he criet, sayin', "Lord, saufe me." An' at ance Jesus raught furth his han', an' teuk hand o' him, an' said until him, "O thou o' little faith, wharefore didst thou doubt?" An' whan they were come intil the ship, the win' ceaset. Syne they wha were in the ship cam' an' worshippet him, sayin', "Verament thou art the Son o' God."
(From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here)
Monday, 7 August 2017
Dugald Stewart on St Augustine and Beauty
Dugald Stewart:
Dugald Stewart, vol 5 Collected Works, pp.453-4, 'Note QQ, (p358), Essay III, chap. 3 -The Beautiful and St Augustine' (1855) here
I excerpt this with no guarantee that it is an adequate representation of St Augustine's views (this seems to be the best way to explore that topic), but rather because I find it interesting in two ways:
a) as a matter of the history of ideas, it suggests the close link between the idea of God and the idea of the (albeit limited) rational comprehensibility of the universe that is key to a lot of Stewart's thought: the task of the philosopher is simply to discern the rules which God, as designer, has laid down without expecting fully to be able to discern the reasoning behind those rules. God as designer and knowledge as the discernment of the pattern of that design are fundamental to his thought. (So yet again, the importance of religion to the Scottish 'Enlightenment' is clear.)
b) as a matter of philosophy, it suggests the way that the arguments for the existence of God in natural theology need to be read in both directions: that (eg) the argument from design not only shows the existence of God, but the existence of God shows the correct way of seeing the world -of seeing it as designed/beautiful/unified.
In the article Beau of the French Encyclopédie, mention is made of a treatise on the beautiful, by St Augustine, which is now lost. Some idea, however, we are told, may be formed of its contents from different passages scattered through his other writings. [Stewart in note: "Augustin [sic], in his Confessions, records the purport of his treatise, De Apto et Pulchro"] The idea here ascribed to St Augustine amounts to this, that the distinctive character of beauty is, that exact relation of parts of a whole to each other, which constitutes its unity.
Even in the works of nature, one of the chief sources of their Beauty to a philosophical eye, is the Unity of Design which they everywhere exhibit. -On the mind of St Augustine, who had been originally educated in the school of the Manicheans, this view of the subject might reasonably be expected to produce a peculiarly strong impression.
Dugald Stewart, vol 5 Collected Works, pp.453-4, 'Note QQ, (p358), Essay III, chap. 3 -The Beautiful and St Augustine' (1855) here
I excerpt this with no guarantee that it is an adequate representation of St Augustine's views (this seems to be the best way to explore that topic), but rather because I find it interesting in two ways:
a) as a matter of the history of ideas, it suggests the close link between the idea of God and the idea of the (albeit limited) rational comprehensibility of the universe that is key to a lot of Stewart's thought: the task of the philosopher is simply to discern the rules which God, as designer, has laid down without expecting fully to be able to discern the reasoning behind those rules. God as designer and knowledge as the discernment of the pattern of that design are fundamental to his thought. (So yet again, the importance of religion to the Scottish 'Enlightenment' is clear.)
b) as a matter of philosophy, it suggests the way that the arguments for the existence of God in natural theology need to be read in both directions: that (eg) the argument from design not only shows the existence of God, but the existence of God shows the correct way of seeing the world -of seeing it as designed/beautiful/unified.
Saturday, 5 August 2017
Mass readings in Scots: the Transfiguration of the Lord (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 17:1-9
An' efter sax days Jesus takith Peter, James, an' John his brither, an' bringith them up intill ane heich mountan fer outbye. An' was transfiguret afore them: an' his face did shine as the sun, an' his rаyment was white as the licht: an', behald, ther kythet untill them Moses an' Elias ta'kin' wi' him. Than answiret Peter, an' said untill Jesus, "Lord, it is guid for us til be here: gif thou wult, let us mak' here three taabernacles; ane for thee, an' ane for Moses, an' ane for Elias." While he yet spak', behald, ane sheen clud owerskaddowet them: an', behald, ane voyce out o' the clud, whilk said, "This is my belovet Son, inwham I am weel pleaset; hear ye him." An' whan the discipels heard it, they fell on their face, an' wer sair afearet. An' Jesus cam' an' tuchet them, an' said, "Ræise up, an' bina fearet." An' whan they had liftet up their eyne they saw nаe man, saufan Jesus onlie.
An' as they cam' doun frae the mountan, Jesus charget them, sayin', "Tell the vesion til nae man, untill the Son o' man be risen frae the deæd."
The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here
Saturday, 29 July 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Seventeenth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 13: 44-52
[Jesus spak' until the thrang:] "Again, the kingdom o' heaven is like until treasure hidet in a field; the whilk whan a man hath fund, he hideth, an' for joy thereo' gaeth an' selleth a' that he hath, an' coffeth that field.
"Again, the kingdom o' heaven is like until a merchantman seekin' guidly pearls: Wha, whan he hath fund ae pearl o' great price, gaed an' sauld a' that he had, an' coft it.
"Again, the kingdom o' heaven is like a net, that was coost intil the sea, an' gather't o' ilka kind: Whilk whan it was fu', they drew til shore, an' sat doun an' gather't the guid intil creels, but coost the bad awa. See sall it be at the en' o' the warld; the angels sall come furth, an' shed the wicket frae amang the just, an' sall cast them intil the kill o' fire; there sall be greetin' an' runchin' o' teeth."
Jesus saith until them, "Hae ye understood a' thae things?" They say until him, "Ay, Lord." Syne said he until them, "Therefore ilka scribe wha is instruckit until the kingdom o' heaven is like until a man that is a househaulder, wha bringeth furth out o' his treasure things new an' auld."
(From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here )
Saturday, 22 July 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Sixteenth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 13: 24-43
Anither parable pat he furth untill them, sayin', "The kingdoom o' heæven is likenet untill ane man whilk sawet guid seed in his field. But while he sleepet, his enemy cam' an' sawet tares amang the wheet, an' gaed his waye. But whan the braird was sprung up an' broucht furth frut, than kythet the tares alsua. Sae the servents o' the houshaulder cam' an' said untill him, 'Sir, didestna thou saw guid seed in thy field? frae whance than heth it tares?' He said untill them, 'Ane enemy heth dune this.' The servents said untill him, 'Wult thou than that we gae an' gether them up?' But he said, 'Na, in kase while ye gether up the tares, ye rute up alsua the wheet wi' them. Let baith growe thegither until the hairst; an' in the time o' the hairst I wull say, til the sheerers, Gether ye thegither first the tares, an' bin' them in bunches til burn them: but gether the wheet intill my bern.'"
Anither parable pat he furth untill them, sayin', "The kingdoom o' heæven is like til ane grain o' mustart-seed, whilk ane man tuik an' sawet in his field; whilk trewlie is the littlest o' a' seeds, but whan it is grown it is the gritest amang yirbs, an' turns out ane trie, sae that the burds o' the air come an' ludge in the branches o't."
Anither parable spak he untill them: "The kingdoom o' heæven is like untill leæven whilk ane woman tuik an' hade in three measurs o' meal, till the haill was leævenet."
А' thae things spak Jesus untill the multitud in parables; an' bot ane parable spakna he untill them: that it micht be fufillet whilk was spokin bie the prophet:
I wull open my mooth in parables;
I wull utter things whilk hae been keepet secreit frae the fundation o' the warld.
Than Jesus sendet the multitud awa an' gaed intill the hous: an' his discipels cam' untill him, sayin', "Mak' plane untill us the parable o' the tares o' the field." He answiret an' said untill them, "He that sawith the guid seed is the Son o' man; the field is the wаrld; the guid seed ar the childer o' the kingdoom; but the tares ar the childer o' the wicket ane; the enemy that sawet them is the deevil; the hairst is the en' o' the wаrld; an' the sheerers ar the angils. As therfor the tares ar' getheret an' brunt in the fire, sae sall it be in the en' o' the warld. The Son o' man sall sen' furth his angils, an' they sall gether out o' his kingdoom a' things that offen', an' them that do inequitie; an sall cast them intill ane furnace o'fire: ther sall be greetin' an' nashin' o' teeth. Than sall the richtious shine furth as the sun in the kingdoom o' the Faether. Wha heth ears til hear, let him hear."
The Gospel of St. Matthew in Lowland Scotch, from the English Authorised Version. By H. S. Riddell (1856) here
Saturday, 15 July 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Fifteenth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
First Reading
Isaiah 55:10-11
"For e'en like's the showir an' the snaw frae the lifts win awa, an' they dinna retour; bot the yirth they can drook till scho braird an' break-out, till gie seed ti' the sawer an' bread ti' the mawer: e'en sae sal the word be gangs but frae my mouthe; it sanna come hame till me toom: bot ay it sal do, what I will tharout; an' thrive, whar I gied it room."
(From Peter Hately Waddell (1879) Isaiah: Frae Hebrew intil Scottis, J. Menzies & Co, Edinburgh and Glasgow (reprint Lightning Source UK Ltd, Milton Keynes, ISBN 9-781274542106 (Amazon UK here; Amazon US here)).)
Responsorial Psalm
Psalm 64:10-14 (65: 9-13)
9 Thou veesitist the yirth, an' waterist it;
thou gritlie inrichist it
wi' the river o' God, whilk is fu' o' water:
thou prepairist the coorn whan thou best sae mæde it readie.
10 Thou waterist the riggs o't abundentlie;
thou settelist the furs thero';
thou makist it saft wi' shoors;
thou blissist the brairdin' o't.
11 Thou crownist the yeer wi' thy guidniss,
an' thy peths drap fatniss.
12 Thaye drap apon the pasters o' the wuldirniss;
an' the wee hills rejoyce on ilka syde.
13 The heff-gangs ar claethet wi' hirsels o' sheepe;
the vallies ar alsua kiveret ower wi' coorn;
thaye crye owt for joy, thaye lilt alsua an' sing.
(From Psalm 65 in The Book of Psalms in Lowland Scots Henry Scott Riddell (1857) here, original verse numbers retained.)
Second Reading
Romans 8:18-23
And I deme, that the passiounns of this tyme ar nocht worthi to the glorie to cummand, that salbe schewit in vs. For the abiding of creature abides the schewing of the sonnis of God. Bot the creature is subiect to vanytee, nocht willand, bot for him that made it subiect in hope; For the ilk creature salbe delyuerit fra seruage of corruptioun into libertee of glorie of the sonnis of God. And we wate, that ilk creature sorowis, and traualis with payn till yit. And nocht aanly it, bot alsa we our self, that haue the first fruitis of the spirit, and we our self sorowis within vs for the adoptioun of Goddis sonnis, abiding the aganebying of our body.
(From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1903)vol 2 here )
Matthew 13:1-21
And that day Jesus yede out of the hous, and satt beside the see. And mekile pepile was gaderit to him, sa that he went vp into a boote, and satt; and all the pepile stude on the brink. And he spak mony thingis to tham in parabillis, and said,
"Lo, he that sawis yede out to saw his sede: And quhile he sawis, sum sedes fell beside the way, and briddis of the aere com and ete tham: Bot vthir sede fell in stany places, quhar thai had nocht mekile erde; and anon thai sprang vp, for thai had nocht depnes of erde: Bot quhen the sonn was risen, thai scaldit; and for thai had nocht rute, thai dryet vp: And vther seedis fell amang thornes; and thornes wox up and stranglit thaim: Bot vthir sedes fell into gude land, and gaue frute, sum a hundrethfald, an vthir sextifald, and an vthir threttifald. He that has eiris of hering, here he."
And the disciplis com nere, and said to him, "Quhy spekis thou in parabilis to tham?" And he ansuerde and said to tham, "For to you it is gevin to knaw the priuateis of the kingdom of heuenis, bot it is nocht gevin to tham. For it salbe gevin to him that has, and he sal haue plentee ; bot gif a man has nocht, alsa that thing that he has salbe takin away fra him. Tharfor I speke to tham in parabilis: for thai seand, seis nocht; and thai herand, here nocht; nouthir vndirstandis. That the prophecie of Esaie be fulfillit in tham,
With hering ye sal here, and ye sal nocht vndirstand;
and ye seand sal se, and ye sal nocht se:
For the hart of this pepile is gretly fattit,
and thai herd hevilie with eiris, and they haue closet thar een;
or perauenter thai se with een,
and with eiris here,
and vnderstind in hert,
and thai be conuertit, and I heill tham.
"Bot your een that seis ar blessit, and your eiris that heres. Forsuthe I say to you, that mony prophetis and iustmen couatit to se tha thingis that ye se, and thai saw nocht; and to here tha thingis that ye here, and thai herd nocht.
"Tharfore here ye the parabile of the sawere. Ilkman that heris the word of the realm, and vndirstandis nocht, the euile spirit cummis, and rauysis that that is sawne in his hart. This it is that is sawne beside the way. Bot this that is sawne on the stany land, this it is that heris the word of God, and anoon
with joy takis it: And he has nocht rute in him self, bot is temporale; for quhen tribulatioun and persecutioun is made for the word, anoon he is sclaundrit. Bot he that is sawne on thornes is this that heris the word; and the besynes of this warlde, and fallace of richessis, stranglis the word, and it is made without frute. Bot he that is sawne into gude lande is this that heris the worde, and vndirstandis; and bringis furth frute, and sum makis a hundrethfald, trewlie an vthir sextifald, and an vthir threttyfald."
(From The New Testament in Scots Murdoch Nisbet [c.1520] (1901) vol 1 here)
and with eiris here,
and vnderstind in hert,
and thai be conuertit, and I heill tham.
"Bot your een that seis ar blessit, and your eiris that heres. Forsuthe I say to you, that mony prophetis and iustmen couatit to se tha thingis that ye se, and thai saw nocht; and to here tha thingis that ye here, and thai herd nocht.
"Tharfore here ye the parabile of the sawere. Ilkman that heris the word of the realm, and vndirstandis nocht, the euile spirit cummis, and rauysis that that is sawne in his hart. This it is that is sawne beside the way. Bot this that is sawne on the stany land, this it is that heris the word of God, and anoon
Saturday, 8 July 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Fourteenth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel reading
Matthew 11: 25-30
At that time Jesus spak' an' said, "I thank thee, O Father, Lord o' heaven an' yirth, because thou hast hidden thae things frae the wise an' prudent, an' hast shawed them until bairns. E'en sae, Father: for sae it seemet guid in thy sicht. A' things are gien until me o' my Father; an' nae man kenneth the Son but the Father; neither kenneth ony man the Father saufan' the Son, an' be til whamsaever the Son sall shaw him.
"Come until me, a' ye wha labor an' are heavy laden, an' I will gie you rest. Tak' my yoke upon you, an' learn o' me; for I am meek an' laighly in hairt; an' ye sall fin' rest until your sauls. For my yoke is easy, an' my burden is licht."
(From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here )
Saturday, 1 July 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Thirteenth Sunday of the Year (Year A)
Gospel Reading
Matthew 10: 37-42
[Thir twal Jesus sent oot, and chairged them, sayin,] "Wha lo'es faither or mither mair nor me, isna wordie o' me; and wha lo'es son or dochter mair nor me, isna wordie o' me. And wha taks-na up his cross, to follow me, isna wordie o' me. He wha wins his life sal tine it; and wha tines his life for my sake, he sal win it!
"He wha welcomes you, welcomes me; and he wha welcomes me, welcomes him wha sent me forth.
"He wha take in a seer, in the name o' a seer, sal receive a seer's reward; and he wha taks in a holie man i' the name o' a holie man, wins a holie man's reward.
"And whasae sal gie to drink til ane o' thir wee anes a cup o' the cauld watir only, i' the name o' a disciple -truly I say t'ye, he sanna in onygate tine his reward!"
(From The New Testament in Braid Scots William Wye Smith (1904) here)
Thursday, 29 June 2017
Mass readings in Scots: Feast of SS Peter and Paul, Apostles
Gospel reading
Matthew 16: 13-19
Whan Jesus cam' intil the coasts o' Cesarea Philippi, he spier't at his disciples, sayin', "Wha do men say that I the Son o' man am?" An' they said, "Some say that thou art John the Baptist, some Elias, an' ithers Jeremias, or ane o' the prophets." He saith until them, "But wha say ye that I am?" An' Simon Peter answer't an' said, "Thou art the Christ, the Son o' the livin' God." An' Jesus answer't an' said until him, "Blesset art thou, Simon-Barjona: for flesh an' bluid haena shawed this until thee, but my Father wha is in heaven. An' I say alsua until thee, That thou art Peter; an' upon this rock I will big my kirk; an' the yetts o' hell sallna prevail agayne it. An' I will gie until thee the keys o' the kingdom o' heaven; an' whatsaever thou sallt bin' on yirth sall be bund in heaven, an' whatsaever thou sallt lowse on yirth sall be lowset in heaven."
(From The Gospel of St. Matthew, Translated Into Lowland Scotch, by George Henderson (1862) here)
Wednesday, 28 June 2017
Manent Mercredi #11: more on Manent from the Liberty Law Forum
Further to my last Manent Mercredi, more from Paul Seaton at the Liberty Law Forum:
If I had to venture a French thinker who has significantly influenced Manent's thinking about the nation, I would propose Charles Péguy (1874-1914). Among other things, Péguy introduced the concept of "communion," which has a spiritual dimension lacking in the Greek koinōnía, and his writings helped Manent see how the nation synthesizes the temporal (past, present, and future) and historical phases of a people's existence. There are some beautiful passages in this vein in the book I translated, Democracy without Nations?
In Manent's view, oft repeated, the post-Maastricht EU has been constructed in the light of an Idea of Humanity as already (or virtually) united, with no significant collective differences.What is normative is the autonomous individual and harmonious Humanity. As a result, all other human groupings lose normative status, especially nations and religious communions, and are seen as threats, or as material to be remade along ideological lines. Moreover, this view of integrated Humanity is enforced. Rigorously.
More here.
Seaton discusses a number of alternative 'takes' on Manent which are linked to in his article and are worth pursuing. My tuppenceworth (admittedly a tyro's tuppenceworth offered in the spirit of one who is interested but does not know) is that I find in Manent a number of themes from Leo Strauss which I find helpful: in particular, the 'political' as a sphere of human practice irreducible to philosophy or religion, but which maintains a creative tension with them, and the importance of engaging with classical thought as a root to the perennial problems of politics. In addition, however, Manent has a greater focus on the potential of modernity, coupled with an interest in two contemporary concrete issues: the EU and the place of Islam in Europe. (I found Aurelian Craiutu's essay helpful here.)
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Dr. Pat Utomi
I drew from Maier's charge and my summation of Newman to title that lecture "The Falling Walls of Nigeria and the Nehemiah syndrome" suggesting there that part of the purpose of the university is to equip its graduates to go out there, like the prophet Nehemiah and rebuild the fallen walls of society. I hold that perspective still as my urging of an understanding of media theory is to show how graduates can take advantage of such knowledge to build the walls of progress in a Nigeria whose walls are fallen in most places and falling in others.
The second draws from the indelible mark left on me as a graduate student in the late 1970s by the great sociologist C. Wright Mills. His point, in the Sociological Imagination that history essentially comes alive at the nexus of the grand flow of statistics and the personal trouble of individuals. As those who write the first draft of history – the journalist – take on their task, a robust Sociological Imagination is needed and only multidisciplinary preparation could make that possible. Also key to effectiveness would be understanding the path of Media Influence.
So what are those linkages between phenomena that denote whether, how and when the media has influence in society?
Incidentally my classmate and friend Isah Momoh has done a nice job of compiling and explaining the dominant theories of Communication which include the theories of media influence, in his books: A survey of Communication Theories, and An introduction to Media and Communication.
For my purpose here, the question is does the media have enough influence to affect the choices we make, as a country, through our institutions and through individual action to advance the course of nation building and Economic Development. The history of Media Influence research suggests that the media does have influence, which means that influence can be deployed into building Nehemiahs. But the nature of that influence is what has been in question. A better understanding of the nature of this influence should facilitate how it is deployed.
Media Influence
Early in the twentieth century it was taken for granted that powerful newspaper had direct and powerful influence on their readers. The general thesis that captured the phenomenon was likened to how a hypodermic needle delivered medicinal content in an injection situation. But the veracity of such views was challenged by occasions of powerful newspapers like the New York Times endorsing candidates for elections in New York and the voters, their readers, voting the other candidate.
This influenced research which resulted in new questions being posed. The outcome of the studies was to suggest that opinions formed and choices we make were the outcome of opinion leaders modulating the information received from the media. Communication, it seemed was in two steps from media through opinion leaders to the people. Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson and Hazel Gaudet offered the two-step flow thesis in the 1944 book: The People's Choice. Later studies would established that the modulation of flow could be more than one point and that opinion leader impact could actually be a multistep flow.
These points remain germaine today. How did the US media not see the victory of Donald Trump in November 2016 and some had in their files cover stories about America's first woman president, Hillary Rodham Clinton? It is the same phenomena at play but much more is even explained by later day theories we shall return to such as spiral of silence thesis which made Opinion Polls misleading because people whose values disposed them to voting for Trump were either too ashamed to admit their inclination or feared that as "minorities" they may look bad.
If the media did not exercise direct influence it seemed to have influence through its Gatekeeper role. The editors determine what goes out as news. So if they had a policy not to report 419 Kingpins they denied them social influence that comes from the halo effect that flows from the status conferral function of the media. Where the Gatekeepers celebrate crooks, who can splash money around, those socialites become role models. That can damage the incentive structure of society that is at the core of production of goods and services. So Gatekeeper were considered key to the social value frame. When I arrived the United State in 1978 to commence graduate studies the man frequently voted the most trusted man in America was CBSTV Evening News Anchor, Walter Cronkite. He ended his broadcasts by saying That's the way it is Monday 20th ….. 1978. The Gatekeeper was influence. Policies Choice in the Economic arena had to have been impacted by decisions of the Gatekeeper. So as Cronkite said it was the way it was presumed to be.
The Gatekeeper value of the Media is today challenged by the phenomena of social media that gives to everybody with a cellular telephone or computer the possibility of being both the source and Gatekeeper of the flow of information. With such a variegated Gatekeeping access mode a new order reigns.
What this new order particularly challenges is the structure of the Public Sphere. No one better understands that, in my view, in the current era, than the German Philosopher Jurgen Habermas. The philosopher of Social Theory focused on how to transform the world and arrive at a more humane and Just order has rightly focused on the benefits of Democracy and Modernity based on Communication Reason and Communication Rationality because the market place of ideas and Thought Leadership are infinitely capable of orienting society towards the Common Good, and a productive use of the resources of the earth to advance the quality of life of citizens. I believe that incidence of fake news and abuse of channels of Communication will ultimately reduce the value of social media as source of credible information even though it will broaden the scope of Gatekeeping. In the face of this the Communication Village Square, traditional and new, will inevitably witness the ascendance of Thought Leaders that can point society in the direction of the kind of society Habermas advocates with the coming of Capitalism and Democracy creating a Public Sphere of citizens exchange of information and ideas distinct and separate from the state. Whereas people like John B. Thompson of Cambridge University criticizes Haberman's idea of the Public Sphere as challenged by the nature of Mass Media, I take the view that invariably the "tower of Babel" media society will find social progress hampered enough that the creation of Thought Leaders will approximate the Habermas notion of the Public Sphere. This idea of the Public Sphere as domain of reasoned discussion and arrival at choice in the public interest is captured in debate in the US on the law of Eminent Domain, compared with the land use Act in Nigeria.
The Gatekeeping function as path to influence was only a part of the more definite thesis that media has influence because of the many things that happen every day only the ones the media choose to focus on become part of societies priorities. This is the Agenda-Setting function of the media.


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Tourism Update has created a platform to visualise inbound tourism statistics to South Africa. Taking statistics for each overseas country from January 2012 through to September 2018, the platform allows you to interrogate year, month and country statistics using the Google Data Studio system.
Data visualisation is quicker and easier to interpret than words. "A good sketch is better than a long speech," said Napoleon Bonaparte. The graphic interface enhances the experience to actually see changes over time and identify patterns.
We would like your help to interpret the statistics by sending us your reading of the statistics and what has influenced them over time. Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Click here to view the platform.
The platform has a number of pages. Use the arrows at the bottom left of the website to navigate.
Page 1 – Global overview by month
Page 2 – Europe by country
Page 3 – Asia/Middle East by country
Page 4 – Americas by country
The system is very interactive – you need to click on countries, years and months to activate filters and shape the content of your visualisations.
If you find any errors or would like to see other statistics displayed this way, please send us an email.
See any major spikes or dips in the statistics? Tell us the year/month, and source market where relevant, and why you believe the pattern changed. Email your observations to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Nogales is a beautiful town in Santa Cruz County, Arizona and borders the city of Nogales, Sonora, in Mexico. The town is known as one of the major ports of entry into the United States. There are three veterinarians in Nogales that your pup can go to for a health check-up.
Beck Park is a great park to spend some time at with your four-legged pal. This fenced in park holds a playground, covered picnic area, basketball courts, and benches. There is grass your dog can run around on and a nice paved walking path that is perfect to use for a walk with your dog.
The Meadow Hills Park is a slightly bigger area that you can explore with Fido. They offer a playground, covered picnic area, and grass for a game of fetch. Take a walk on the paved walking path that goes throughout the park and get a good day of exercise in with your dog by your side.
If Fido needs a place to rest, then check into the Mariposa Hotel or the Motel 6 Nogales and get a good rest alongside your furry pal.
Nogales is a beautiful place to spend some time with Fido by your side.
Anza Park is a pawesome park to take your furry pal to for a fun afternoon out. The fenced in park has a playground, covered picnic area, tennis courts, and benches for owners to sit on. The park is mainly made up of concrete and crushed stone, so there is plenty of space to get a good walk in with your furry pal. There isn't a lot of shade available at the park, so make sure to bring water for your dog and check the ground before taking your dog for a walk along it. Keep Fido on a leash when you're out at this park.
Memorial Park is a lovely place to spend some time with your dog. The park was built by veterans from WWII and offers baseball fields, tennis courts, and a skate park. There is a great path that you and Fido can use for a walk together. Make sure your dog is up to socializing since the park is used for a lot of minor league baseball games and can be a bit busy at times. Keep your dog on a leash while you are walking around and don't forget your clean-up bags and water. Fleischer Park is another great park to hang out at with your dog. The park has baseball diamonds, basketball courts, and a walking path around it that you two can use for a nice walk together. Make sure your dog stays on a leash when you visit both of these parks.
Explore the Sonoita Creek State Natural Area with your pup by your side. There are over twenty miles of trails that you and Fido can hike together, like the Overlook Trail which is 1.5-miles and will lead you to the Patagonia Lake State Park. This state park is a 265-acre area with a manmade lake that allows camping and fishing. There is a picnic area with grills and ramadas, and a trail that circles around a creek. Located in Patagonia and only five miles out from Nogales, your pup will love hanging out at these two parks.
The Tumacacori National Historic Park is a great area to explore with your dog. The park has a museum, plus a great walking trail around it that Fido can use for some exercise with you. The Southwest Parks and Monument offers a great area to get a hike in and feel some solitude away from the busy towns. The trail doesn't offer any shade, so make sure to bring plenty of water with you. Keep your dog on a leash when you hang out at both of these parks, which are located in Tumacacori and only four miles out from Nogales.


text: Compressed air and gas booster packages — in a wide range of capacities, pressures, and power ratings — are available through Scales Industrial Technologies Compressor Division. Compressed Air Boosters or amplifiers can increase pressure to a specific machineor area instead of the entire plant (a 2psi change in pressure results in a one percent change in power costs) and reduce reliability. Scales can build a cost-effective package to meet your precise needs. Please call us with your custom compressed air booster or compressor package needs.


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Do you live in a rent-stabilized apartment? If so, you may already be aware that it is common-though illegal-for landlords of these buildings to try to force tenants out.
Notorious landlord facing eviction
Raphael Toledano finds himself on the other side of a landlord-tenant dispute this month. He has been accused many times of evicting his tenants from units that are rent-stabilized, and now he is facing eviction from a building he claims is rent-stabilized.
What are your rights as a tenant if you only have a verbal contract?
NYC residents know that there are many ways to rent an apartment or home. While most people have a written lease, this is not always the case. Sometimes landlords use more informal methods, such as a verbal agreement.
A better way to choose an apartment is here
Like many NYC renters, you probably have a lot to say about your landlord-and you probably wish you knew about problems with the building before you moved in. Complaining about this to your friends and family doesn't do much good, however. Fortunately, the new Rentlogic browser extension can help renters avoid troublesome landlords and buildings before they sign a lease.
3 tips for NY tenants facing harassment due to immigration status
Harassment from a landlord based on immigration status isn't just frustrating, it's illegal. New York Attorney General Eric T. Schneiderman has publically come out to criticize this practice, stating that it is "appalling."
When J-51 tax abatements expire, are you stuck paying higher rent?
According to the New York City Rent Guidelines Board, landlords may or may not be able to raise the rent in buildings with J-51 benefits. It depends on whether rent stabilization applied to the building before it received the J-51 benefits. If so, the benefits expiring do not change the rent regulation status.
Can you sue your landlord for bed bugs?
Bed bugs: no renter wants to hear those words. No matter how careful you are, however, you may find yourself facing bed bug problems, especially if your landlord wasn't truthful about the issue when you moved in.
Staying warm this winter? If not, you may hold your landlord accountable.
As many renters know, Heat Season starts on October 1 in New York City. With two months left, it's important to understand the details of this law.
Mayor DeBlasio is fighting back against illegal evictions
Every human being has the same basic needs. Food, clothing and shelter are among the most fundamental.
Finding affordable apartments with the help of NYC Housing Connect
Renters looking for affordable housing in New York City know that it's a difficult task. People can spend years searching for an affordable place to live, especially if they confine their search to a particular neighborhood.


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In case the title didn't give it away, I'm up for an award! A Britmums Brilliance in Blogging award, to be precise, and I'm a finallist in the beauty & fashion category. Obviously I'd love you to vote for me, but I figured I'd better justify it in case you're a new reader and haven't decided whether I do or not.
I'm a time-starved mother of two, and I know the struggle is real when it comes to finding time and money to look how you'd like. Generally I'll write about affordable beauty products a few times a month and new outfits less often. This is because makeup is cheaper than clothes, and I can't afford new clothes all the time.
I love makeup, and choose to write about the affordable stuff because I don't often have the cash for high-end products (and I think a lot of other mothers are in the same boat when their priorities shift). I like to show how you don't need a lot of time or cash to create makeup looks, for example, this beautiful eyeshadow palette was about £7 (blog post coming soon):
When I have no kids in tow, I can make a proper effort and I look like this (if you were at BlogOnToys you may recognise the flower crown, if not the face underneath it).
Because my children are a big part of my life, they also feature on the blog from time-to-time. I like to portray a real version of my life, so only talking about makeup or clothes wouldn't give you the whole picture of my lifestyle. For reference, this is what I look like when I'm with my kids:
I'm honest with my readers and pay for a lot of the makeup I talk about myself (although, I do accept items for review). If I really like it, I usually buy a second set and run a giveaway on my blog because I like to thank my readers for their support. Also, it's just pretty nice to win treats.
I don't know if I've sold myself enough, but I hope you'll vote for me by clicking here and filling in the form (you don't have to vote in each category, mine is number 10).


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PlanetFirst is an interactive platform. People all around the world can pitch their idea or concept for a huge audience to find others to participate in their idea, to find sponsors to help them realising their idea or to find other people who are convinced that this concept should be worked out.
The creators of a concept can write a "FIRST "on the website PlanetFirst. Others can support the ideas "First" or concepts with "Planets", The Planets are the virtual money at the website PlanetFirst. With donating planets, you give the creator a like. The more planets a First receives, the more power the First gets.
People can also write down comments on a First. Though there is one rule at PlanetFirst: all the comments have to be constructive or helpfully to make the concept better. If you think the concept will not work you should leave it alone. If you have strong feelings about the subject the First is about, you can always write your own First. Then see if your First receives more Planets.
This rule is not to deny any negative response. But negative responses make that concepts will not be worked out. PlanetFirst uses the principles of making a concept work by just focusing on what works, not on focusing why something will not work.
People can write an idea alone, as group, as neighbours, as co-workers, as friends or even as a school class. You can have an idea to change the way your school is handling homework for instance. By creating a First and finding a lot of other students donating Planets to your concept, you could be able to convince the school to change the way they are handling homework.
You could have a concept for a new way of banking or an idea on how to bring positive changes to your neighbourhood, how to use rainwater differently. I think that we can use our imagination, but people will start being more creative once they find out how PlanetFirst works.
We no longer ask people to change the way the governments want us to change, PlanetFirst gives the people a platform to bring the change they think will work.
Later on we can also introduce a dare game. This is where people can send each other a dare. They can say either yes to the dare or no. They can blog on their home page about the dare and others can leave comments on their dares.
The website has a homepage. People can create their own page too. As a person, as a group or as a company. They can invite friends. It is possible to share your First with friends or with everybody.
First can be found on subject, state, neighbourhood or company.
There will be also a share value market where we can see the top First with the highest amount of planets.
There is also a concept for a television show. The battle of the First. Where The highest First can battle on television and inviting companies and politicians to discuss the First.


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MedicalDoctor theme is WordPress theme aimed for doctors, dentists and health clinics or the other medical connected websites.
Medical Doctor theme is clean, flexible, membrane prepared and features a absolutely responsive style. Medical Doctor theme is loaded with options, and has powerful customization choices. engineered with HTML5 & CSS3. It comes with free support on our support forum. MedicalDoctor theme aimed for doctor, dentist, dental and health clinics or the other medical connected websites. It's terribly fast to setup and straightforward to customise, because of the intelligent admin panel.
- Responsive – on/off
- Page Builder
- Flexible page layout (unlimited layout combinations , fluid to boxed layout switcher in admin panel)
- Easily create custom page layouts with page builder
- Extensive admin panel
- Custom post/page options
- Fully responsive (test it, resize your browser) on/off
- High resolution display for use on iPad/iPhone retina displays
- 6 Post Formats (Standard, Image, Video, Gallery, Quote, Link).
- Custom background for each blog page and each post.
- 2 Post slider areas.
- 6 Different portfolio grid columns.
- 3 Portfolio single page styles.
- 4 Layout Styles
- 2 Portfolio single page slider areas.
- Left/Right Blog sidebar layouts.
- Custom background for each portfolio page and for each portfolio item.
- Responsive Post sliders.
- Responsive Portfolio sliders.
- SEO optimised
- Options to change the look of theme (colours, text, backgrounds)
- Fully localised (translation files)
- Image resizing
- Contact page function
- Unlimited Sidebars
- Demo content included (XML file)
- WordPress 3.0+ drag and drop menus
- Custom background for every page, posts, portfolio item
- Detailed documentation
- Compatible in all major browsers


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Patrick Gillen (@PatrickGillen94) previews Man Utd v Brighton and provides us with his best bets for Saturday's Premier League clash by analysing team news, potential line-ups, head-to-head, key stats and facts and more.
Man Utd v Brighton Betting Preview, Odds & Tips
- Date: 19/01/19
- Time: 15:00
- Venue: Old Trafford
- Channel: N/A
Manchester United entertain Brighton at Old Trafford on Saturday, with caretaker manager Ole Gunnar Solskjaer looking for his seventh straight win in all competitions since replacing Jose Mourinho.
Since Solskjaer's appointment, United's form has turned around dramatically and, after an impressive 1-0 win away at Tottenham, The Red Devil's sit just six points off the Champions League spots.
Add to this the fact that fellow fourth placed chasers Arsenal and Chelsea play against each other on Saturday evening, and this game against Brighton becomes even more important if Man Utd want to gain ground on the teams above.
Brighton, as ever, will prove a tough test for the home side, with Chris Hughton ensuring that his team are difficult to break down, as showcased in their narrow 1-0 home defeat to league leaders Liverpool last week.
In fact, Brighton's recent record against Man Utd will give their fans much room for encouragement, having beaten them on the last two league meetings 1-0 and 3-2 respectively.
However, both of these results came at home and The Seagulls have struggled so far this campaign, picking up just eight points on the road.
Team News
Eric Bailly is available after serving a three match suspension for his red card against Bournemouth.
Alexis Sanchez and Chris Smalling could feature, whilst Marcus Rojo remains sidelined.
For Brighton, Mat Ryan and Alireza Jahanbakhsh are still unavailable as they are both away on international duty at the Asian Cup.
Jose Izquierdo. Bernardo and Yves Bissouma are all doubtful to make the squad on Saturday.
Potential Man Utd Starting XI: De Gea, Young, Lindelof, Jones, Shaw, Matic, Herrera, Pogba, Lingard, Martial, Rashford.
Potential Brighton Starting XI: Button, Bong, Duffy, Dunk, Montoya, Stephens, Gross, March, Propper, Locadia, Murray.
Head To Head
- Man United 12
- Draw 5
- Brighton 3
Key Stats & Facts
- The sides have met three times in the Premier League, with Brighton claiming the better record, with two wins to one.
- The Seagulls have conceded only 30 goals this season, two less than Saturday's opponents.
- Manchester United are looking for their fourth consecutive clean sheet.
Betting Odds
- Man Utd 3/10
- Draw 9/2
- Brighton 19/2
The Verdict
Brighton will do their best to frustrate United, but may struggle to cause David De Gea any problems.
De Gea's heroics against Spurs, couple with his three consecutive clean sheets, will leave the Spaniard feeling unbeatable.
Couple this with the fact that Brighton have only scored 24 goals this season, and you can see where the smart money may be at.
With Man Utd looking irresistible of late, I think their momentum will roll on and they will have enough to break down a stubborn Brighton unit, whose toothless attack I don't expect to have enough to reply.
I also feel it may be worth backing Marcus Rashford to continue his impressive form, as the youngster is set to make his 150th appearance for the club.
Recommended Bets
- Manchester United to win to nil – 19/20 (William Hill)
- Manchester United to win to nil, Marcus Rashford to score and over 9.5 corners – 8/1 (Paddy Power)
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Squirting Caught on Camera
- 20:12
- 5577
- 2018-08-16 07:34:16
She is masturbating in the office before shoving a dildo in her pussy. Wearing dominatrix heels and black stockings, she managed to explode with a massive squirt!
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