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Fully Certified and Insured Plumbers In Cornubia
Plumbing issues are the last thing any property owner wishes to take care of. We understand the stress they could cause! That's why we're here to make your plumbing repairs and installations as seamless and inconvenience free as possible.
Our group are dedicated to giving the people with 24 Hr around the clock solution. We understand that emergency situations take place when you least expect them. That is exactly why our automobiles are equipped with all material to carry out work at any time of the day.
Our plumbing solutions include:
- General plumbing maintenance
- Fix or replace dripping faucets and toilet
- Blocked drains
- Replace electric hot water systems
- Burst pipes
- Hot water service and also replacement
- Drain cleaning (sewer & stormwater).
- Electric and hydro jet drain cleaning.
- Pipe relining.
- Leak detection.
- Plumbing and drainage for bathroom, kitchen, laundry and toilet remodellings.
- Installation of vanities & baths.
- and more..
There are varying degrees of plumbing problems, but at Active Plumbing, our plumbing specialists are ready for anything. Despite how big or small the problem, we understand how plumbing problems can affect your every day life. We will do all we can to help you with all your plumbing service needs.
Get A Quote Today For Residential Plumbing Service In Cornubia
Working with an experienced residential plumbing business such as Active Plumbing will certainly give you a satisfaction that the job is done to your full satisfaction. We focus on an exceptional customer support. House owners come to us for clean and tidy residential plumbing services. Our plumbing professional shows up on time, listens to your needs as well as makes professional recommendations. Your house is just one of your biggest investments and we treat it as such. We are the premium residential business for home owners aiming to do the job properly, the first time.
Commercial Plumbing Service In Cornubia
Our plumbing technicians are commercial professionals and offer an end-to-end smooth solution for your commercial facilities. We are the first-choice for lots of businesses because we have shown ourselves to be promptly, pleasant, adaptable and also expert, each time.
We're solution-driven and always attentive when it comes to safety at work, and to working to commercial industry codes and guidelines. On completion of the job, you'll be issued with a Compliance Certificate and feel assurance that we've met with your complete satisfaction.
Your Plumbing Problem Is Our Top Top Priority
We make your problem our leading concern as well as we understand that it has to be resolved instantly. That's why we have all the needed parts in our trucks, so we can repair your problem after that and there, without you waiting around for parts to be supplied.
No job is too big or too small and also we ensure you a rapid response from our professional and very skilled plumbers. With over 20 years experience in the profession, our plumbing professionals know how to take care of everything, so there will be no surprises, however there will be a quick and very efficient service to your problem.
Quick On-time Solution Across QLD
For the ultimate in comfort you want a plumbing professional that will be there ON-TIME and fast. Satisfaction Guaranteed. We could get there quicker because our vehicles leave from multiple locations throughout QLD – we'll send off the closest available vehicle and plumbing team. We also run "mobile parts warehouses" around the area every day, saving you time and hassle on searching for replacement parts.
Our goal is to make the very best quality service accessible to more people in Cornubia. Nobody wishes to deal with plumbing problems for any longer than they need to, so we offer our plumbing services at a cost everyone can pay for. If you ever experience a plumbing emergency in Cornubia 4130, or the surrounding area, you know who to call. Call 1300 651 965 day or night and our on-call team will jump into action.


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Enrollment Estimated Costs for Undergraduate Students
(ES) El Recinto de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Puerto Rico no admite estudiantes provenientes de Escuela Superior, le incluimos los enlaces de las otras unidades del sistema para que puedan realizar el cálculo.
(EN) The University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus does not accept freshman students. All programs leading to an associate or bachelor's degree accept most students as in – transfers. Students take introductory courses at various units of the University of Puerto Rico System and then transfer to the Medical Sciences Campus to pursue their professional education. To estimate the enrollment costs and fees of these programs at each unit please refers to the following links:

subset: commoncrawl


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Thursday, March 11, 2010
Self-publishing: The Christmas Box
The Christmas Box is often held up as an example of how self-published writers can succeed. The author, Richard Paul Evans, published this novel himself, but the popularity of the book led to a advance from Simon & Schuster, and the book hit the New York Times bestseller list.
Plus, this is a novel. Self-publishing is rarely if ever recommended for fiction.
But an interview gives an insight into the phenomenon, the work behind it and his realistic take on self-publishing. It's a must-read for anyone curious about how he made a success of his book.
Evans did it, as most self-publishing successes do, with a combination of money, hard work, a well-thought-out strategy and a book that people wanted to read. I found this detail especially telling.
If your book does not look as good as a book published by Doubleday, which is who you are competing with, don't bother.
The Christmas Box is sometimes used as an example of what writers can do even without a publisher's marketing department behind them. The reasoning is that because the author was extremely successful promoting and selling his book on his own, writers can self-publish (or go with a press that offers them no advertising, marketing or distribution) and still enjoy good sales.
But Evans succeeded because
1. His book had a professional-looking cover.
He knew the importance of cover design. Sometimes, self- or vanity-published writers say that the publisher doesn't matter as much as the story does, that readers don't check who printed a book before they buy it.
But readers aren't likely to pick up that book in the first place if it doesn't have an attractive cover. Commercial publishers are more likely to produce distinctive and competitive covers than either vanity presses or inexperienced self-publishers.
2. He had the funds to print and promote his book.
In the beginning, I put $7,000 into the Utah market. I sold my book for $4.95 and put $1 into promotion for each book I sold. Initially, I hired a local publicist at between $1,000 and $1,500/month.
The figures in that quote jumped out at me, of course, but then I noticed that he hired a "local" publicist and cornered a specific market. In other words, he spent money wisely. He didn't try to get national recognition right away. He knew that if he could show strong sales in one state, that would be better than poor sales spread over a large region.
3. He was savvy and tireless about marketing.
Without a publisher's marketing department on his side, he had to work even harder. Tours, radio shows, book signings, independent stores… Evans did it all. He's like the J. A. Konrath of self-publishing. And part of his success may be due to his ability to see it from the booksellers' perspective, to recognize that they were under no obligation to carry his book unless they saw evidence that it could make money for them.
At the same time he took risks, such as his strategy at the Mountain Plains book show, before his book was at all well-known. I wouldn't particularly want to be in such a situation, but if I were, hopefully I'd have the guts to pull off what he did.
But despite his success, Evans encouraged writers to submit their work to agents.
In studying self-publishing, you will see both history and the law of chance aren't on your side.
In other words, his book is the exception that proved the rule, though his story is an inspiring one for all writers.
4 comments:
- M.R.J. Le Blanc said...
That was really insightful. It's nice to see a self-publishing story that's realistic, and isn't 'writers don't need publishers' hoopla. He's a great example of the smart way to self-publish, if one chooses to go down that road. Don't think I could do it, but kudos to him for making it!
- March 11, 2010 at 11:07 AM
Hey Marian. Just wanted to let you know you were in the first ten to win a Feeling For Bones-themed bookmark. Email me your mailing address if you're interested in having it.
Thanks! :D
- March 11, 2010 at 8:53 PM
- Marian Perera said...
M. R. J. : Exactly - the story was realistic and Evans knew exactly what he was doing. His entire strategy was crafted with getting the book to readers and then getting the attention of people who could distribute the book to even more readers.
I couldn't do it either. I'd have to be a great marketer as well as a writer.
Lauren : Thank you, sending an email you way!
- March 12, 2010 at 10:51 AM
I agree fully with the other commenters: he had a realistic goal, and a wise marketing plan to follow it through.
Due to my own lack of marketing savvy- it's unlikely I'd choose that path. But for those who do- he used a very good model to emulate.
- March 13, 2010 at 3:24 AM


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SIRIS NYC Knitwear Channels 70s Graffiti
Siris NYC is a sustainable menswear apparel brand handcrafted in NYC by founder and designer, Sarah Hoffman and made on the BF+DA Shima Seiki knitwear machines. Inspired by the birth of the graffiti writing movement in New York City in the 1970s and 80s, her collection conceptualizes and reimagines the young, bold, rebellious artist and places him in a modern world. Crafted from reclaimed vintage materials, natural fibers, and donated textiles using fully-fashioned knitwear techniques, this collection hybrids environmental consciousness with urban grit. We caught up with Siris NYC founder and designer Sarah Hoffman to learn more about her work.
Tell me about how Pratt was part of inspiring your amazing knitwear collection that the BF+DA produced.
The sweater I did at the BF+DA wasn't for a knitwear specific class, it was for my thesis class/collection—although, the reason I was given the incredible opportunity to produce a sweater at the BF+DA was because of my relationship with the Pratt advanced knitwear professor, Olivia Eaton. I had her for hand knit class sophomore year, and then I took her advanced knit (domestic machine knit) class junior year. She saw during my mid year critique that I had been producing a fair amount of jacquards with punch cards I'd made, and she and BF+DA Knitwear Director Kelly Puertas thought that I'd be a good candidate for learning to program a sweater. I am so grateful that they gave me the opportunity, because I learned so much and had a blast. The BF+DA was absolutely incredible throughout the whole process. I can't even begin to describe my happiness the day that I came to pick up my sweater pieces: it was better than anything I had ever imagined, and to this day, I still can't believe I created that sweater.
What was the inspiration behind your collection?
The inspiration behind my entire thesis collection was the birth of the modern graffiti writing movement in New York City in the 70s and 80s. I was exploring the innate human desire to make a mark or a name on a wall, and how this desire has manifested itself in so many ways across so many years of human history. The animal face graphic specifically on my sweater came from a very special place to me (and a significant source of inspiration for the whole collection): Fort Tilden. It's an abandoned military base in the Rockaways, and it's COVERED in the most incredible graffiti. I saw this face sprayed on a wall, and took a picture of it, then translated that image in my own style into a computer program for the knit. I developed it as a punch card as well, so it's a bit different in that execution but the motif is still there throughout the collection
In terms of tech, what do you think about the tools you have at your disposal as a designer?
As a designer, I am OBSESSED with learning as many technical skills and understanding as many materials as possible—not to toot my own horn, but I am quite proficient in working with leather (bags, shoes, jewelry, and apparel), wovens, cut and sew knits, fur, and then for knits, I excel at hand knit, crochet, flatbed domestic machine knitting, and now I know a bit about programming shima Seiki machines! I've dedicated myself to learning all these skills because I feel like it greatly broadens my scope of design—if I can dream it, I can make it. And I can understand so many garments on so many levels in a multitude of ways, and since I am absolutely in love with all things fashion, the more I know, the better. I LOVE knowledge above all else. I think it makes me a better designer and a better person.
Was this part of a bigger collection?
This was indeed part of a bigger collection! It began as a menswear collection, but shifted into unisex when I realized the versatility and fun nature of the clothes—to this day, I still wear most of the sweaters myself! My point of view on fashion is designing from a cool yet sustainable and environmentally conscious point of view (yet another reason why I loved working with the BF+DA so much). I only used materials that were either certified organic and biodegradable, all natural fibers, or were reclaimed/upcycled from thrift shop garments, from which I created textiles myself. I also worked with FabScrap to obtain some of the materials. I did use leather and shearling, but all of it was either reclaimed from vintage/thrift garments, or FabScrap. My knits were primarily fully fashioned, so there was no waste, and I used only 100% wool or 100% cotton new yarns—any synthetic yarns I used were rescued from the Pratt knitting room donations section, or from other designers in the city who were throwing away old cones of yarn. I extensively studied sustainability and sustainable technology at Pratt, in addition to my fashion coursework.
See more of Sarah's collection here.


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eHarmony Free Communication this Thanksgiving Weekend - 2016
- Wednesday, November 23 2016 @ 03:12 pm
- Contributed by: Editor
- Views: 1,141
This Thanksgiving weekend eHarmony is offering users in the United States free communication. This offer runs for 5 days and starts Thursday November 23rd and runs to the end of day Monday November 28th (ends at 11:59PM PST). You can enjoy free communication on their website at eHarmony.com and the eHarmony dating apps (which you can find on Google Play and iTunes).
If you are interested in trying out eHarmony the first thing you need to do when you visit their website is create a free membership. This includes providing basic information about yourself like your email address, gender, and age. From there you will then be prompted to fill out the profile questionnaire. This takes about 30 minutes (you can pause and come back anytime to complete) and is important because your answers are used to match you with other eHarmony members who live in your area and who have compatible personalities. Once your profile is complete eHarmony will determine your first set of matches and send you them to you. From there you can then start communicating with the matches that peak your interest. Please note this free communication promotion does not include profile photos, secure call (an anonymous phone call service), or skipping the guided communication process to go straight to emailing. Also no credit card is required for this promotion.
For more information about this popular dating service please read our review of eHarmony.


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Dynamic Pricing
Dynamic Pricing
Dynamic pricing has been on everyone's lips again for several months now, especially with numerous board members and CEOs. On the one hand there is no way for companies to avoid dynamic pricing, on the other hand companies can quickly slip into illegality when applying dynamic pricing. This illegality should not be taken lightly, because in one case or another it can mean that CEOs are liable to take action. Especially in the areas of EU data protection and antitrust law. Nevertheless, no progressive company can do without it.
Definition of dynamic pricing
Dynamic pricing (= dynamic pricing) is the adjustment of prices to internal and external parameters. Dynamic pricing can refer both to products and to services.
Influential variables of dynamic pricing
Environment and politics in dynamic pricing
The areas of environment and politics are not considered in this article. Each of the two points in itself is highly complex.
Environment includes environmental catastrophes such as storms, floods, volcanic eruptions, famine, etc. But also economic changes such as unemployment, economic crises, trends (in the sense of profound social changes) are part of it. The permanently accelerated digitalization and its effect on whole cultures, societies, politics and economy complicate the weighting of the environment in the interplay of dynamic pricing.
In recent years, politics has been easier to calculate than the environment. But the global political context has become much more dynamic. The not insignificant lobbying of corporations and associations at state, federal and EU level has also become considerably less transparent. The weighting of politics within the framework of dynamic pricing must therefore now be carried out at the state level.
The weighting of the two points environment and politics within the dynamic pricing was already described by me in an essay at the beginning of 2017. Also the mathematical calculation by divergent statistical methods in interaction with unsteady differential equations of different order were part of the essay. Also included were the transfer examples of the mathematical expressions into the programming worlds for the development of self-learning algorithms as well as the construction of dynamic database models and their automated adaptation to the constantly changing results of machine learning. Further information on request.
Dynamic pricing – the competition
The information about the prices and the price changes of the competition, which can partly be determined e.g. with simple Screen Scraping or Data Scraping procedures, is important. However, some additional information is required.
With regard to competition, the following points apply to dynamic pricing:
- Comparability of products (features, scope of functions, guarantee, warranty, right of return, etc.)
- brand strength / brand bonus of the company
- Customer structure
- Product utilization of the competitor's product
- running costs of competing product
- product development costs
- Marketing costs Competition
- Personnel
competitive product comparability within dynamic pricing
The comparability of competitive products is not always easy. A company whose sales and marketing is only nationally oriented and has an easily comparable product, e.g. a toothbrush, has little to fear in terms of complexity. Other companies, on the other hand, which operate internationally in marketing and sales and have to market numerous and complex products, have a harder time.
For example, tourism companies that place their travel products on all relevant sales and marketing channels as well as on all markets. They have to calculate their prices for each country, e.g. according to income groups or culture-specific, and enter into price wars with national and international competitors. There are thousands of travel products in tourism. A travel product often consists of different modules, e.g. flight, hotel or rental car. Each module, in turn, contains numerous price-influencing options. Departure/arrival times, departure point/destination, booking classes, holiday duration, room type (e.g. sea view, double room/single room, etc.), catering type or proximity to the beach are just a few examples of the diversity of each individual module. Therefore, competitive product comparisons in this industry are not trivial, even for large companies.
However, dynamic pricing requires the comparability of competitive products with one's own products. In order to start dynamic pricing with reduced complexity, a Pareto analysis can be used to reduce the product range.
Other B2C industries, not exclusively the travel industry, also have to struggle with similar complexities in product comparability within dynamic pricing. Especially the globally producing B2C industries, which produce complex products consisting of thousands of parts internationally and hundreds of suppliers are involved in the product development process. The success potential of dynamic pricing in the travel industry is, despite the complexities, likely to be exploited more quickly than in other industries.
Internationally operating large companies usually work with dynamic multilingual content management systems (CMS) at the customer interface. Images, videos and texts are dynamically generated by bots and optimized by marketing experts. The optimized texts are then translated by bots into different languages so that the entire new content can be rolled out globally automatically (think global, act local). Culture-specific aspects, e.g. the avoidance of white color in Japan, are already taken into account in the programming. These complex content management systems often complicate the docking of a global system for dynamic pricing. Several test staging processes should be planned in advance.
Dynamic Pricing – Identify brand strength, brand significance and customer structure of the competition
The consideration of the brand strength of the competition is, besides the comparability of the competitor products, an essential influencing factor of dynamic pricing. The comparison of competitive brands with each other as well as with one's own brand and the associated customer structures are extremely relevant. The marketing capabilities of the various competitors are decisive for the brand strengths.
In the online sector, the marketing capabilities of a competitor can easily be determined in general as well as product-specifically. The ability of companies to master the rules of online marketing can easily be determined qualitatively and quantitatively by analyzing SEO, SEM and social media activities.
Marketing activities and marketing capabilities on broadcast channels such as linear television, IP-TV and radio can be determined just as easily in an automated way.
The measurement and analysis of offline marketing involves a little more effort.
In the end, behind each competitor there is a general weighting as well as a marketing channel-based and product-oriented weighting of the marketing capability of a competitor. The competitive strength of a competitor can be determined on the basis of the market strength and the marketing capability weighting – in general as well as in relation to products and marketing channels.
The analysis of the marketing budget behind a product allows reliable conclusions to be drawn about a competitor's priorities, marketing strategy and target groups.
Brand strength is responsible for the number of customers and their trust in the brand. The lower the strength of the brand, the higher the product marketing costs and the trust work at the point of sale (online & offline). The significance of the brand, in turn, depends on the type of target group. Often the image and the (apparently) underlying product quality play an important role.
For example, in the food trade Aldi has a great brand strength and the meaning for the customers is "with Aldi it is cheap". At Tegut the brand strength is lower and the meaning for the customers is "at Tegut I get ecologically valuable food". Only a few Tegut customers compare food prices with Aldi's prices – not even for comparable products. The other way around, however, already.
Therefore, dynamic pricing requires a brand weighting of each competitor, because it provides information about the channel-based marketing capabilities, the strength of the brand and the customer structure of the competitor associated with the brand.
Dynamic Pricing – Competitor's Product Costs
In general, companies know how their competitors work. With which systems and processes, with which suppliers and frequently also the personnel of the competition are known. One meets on congresses and fairs and frequently personnel changes remain in the same industry, so that also thereby information exchange takes place. However, this information is not used.
The fewest companies allow the product costs of their competitors to flow into dynamic pricing – even though a lot of information is available. Experience has shown that a senior sales employee can estimate the weighting of how quickly and cost-effectively the competition launches new products and how much revenue remains at the end of the process relatively precisely from the "gut," so that extensive analyses can be omitted in the first step. We often calculated product costs and revenues per competitor's product at great expense within the framework of dynamic pricing projects. In the end, we often found that the "spontaneous estimates" of sales were close to our results and weighting factors.
Product costs include the product supply costs as well as the running costs for product maintenance and the marketing costs. The product supply costs consist in particular of the three points market analysis, resource purchasing and (technical) product development. The costs of the product supply, regardless of whether it concerns physical or intangible goods, are the maintenance, care and continuous improvement of the products. The lion's share of costs in most industries are the costs of marketing – multichannel offline and online.
The decisive factor is efficiency (cost/performance). In the age of digitization, it is also called the "degree of automation" or "maturity of digitization". At the end of the day, the aim is to achieve corporate goals at the lowest possible cost. High costs are usually caused by the employees. For this reason, strategy consultants speak of "heads per product" or "heads per target" when determining the digital maturity level. Investors dream of highly efficient companies without employees, without real estate and best of all generally without hardware. Companies that consist only of software and in which even the servers are omitted, e.g. due to the use of blockchain procedures; the calculations currently still made on the server side are thus decentralized and distributed to the customers (similar to home banking).
Dynamic Pricing – Product Utilization and Marketing Costs in Competition
In general, companies know which competitive products are performing well or badly. As mentioned above, the digital marketing activities of competitors can also be analyzed relatively easily and automatically. Products in strong demand are generally marketed less aggressively. Especially if the product provisioning capacity, which is generally known, is limited or finite.
This can be used to determine which competitor products are/were worth how much marketing budget to the competitor at which points in time. If the price falls steadily with slight fluctuations in marketing activity, the purchase price or the product development costs of the competitor can be determined at the end of the respective product marketing with low tolerance. It is also possible to determine how much marketing budget is invested for the marketing of "shopkeepers" and what time span the competitor plans for the marketing of his products.
As a result of this information, intelligent strategies for the internal automated dynamic budgeting of one's own product-related marketing costs can be mapped electronically. This requires not only real-time prices, but also past price differences of competitors within different time periods.
Competition personnel costs as part of dynamic pricing
In many industries, personnel costs are a significant factor in relation to the quality of staff training. In general, we screen the job advertisements on the relevant job portals and on the company websites over many years. We also look at the Xing and LinkedIn profiles of candidates who are highly likely to have received the job advertised. We compare the job advertisements and the candidate profiles with a self-developed skills matrix.
This is done on a sectoral basis, e.g. marketing, product development, IT, innovation management, finance, etc. Based on regional and national sector salary indices, we thus obtain a reliable skills personnel cost index for the specialist areas of companies. In this way, the personnel costs and the associated company skills are weighted within the framework of dynamic pricing.
Conclusion Competition analysis for dynamic pricing
European companies unfortunately have too weak a competition monitoring system integrated into their business processes because it is not consistent. In addition, largely established competitors are used for competition monitoring. Far too little focus is placed on "non-industry" companies.
For example, HostEurope, Strato, 1&1, One, etc. have constantly observed each other and have entered the price war against each other without innovation. In the meantime, a B2C online mail order company named Amazon has suddenly developed and successfully marketed innovative B2B cloud offers.
Integration of customers and consumers into dynamic pricing
Dynamic pricing at the customer interface is significantly more than displaying more expensive prices to Apple users.
The key question is:
"For which consumer target groups can which products be offered at which prices and in which period on which channel?"
The prerequisite for dynamic pricing is dynamic target group matching. Dynamic target group matching is in turn preceded by target group identification and definition. Target groups are a complex topic. Especially when target groups are partially addressed in real time. The real-time demand recognition and offer playout is relevant, for example, for target groups who make effect or impulse purchases. Further information on request.
For the target groups determined on the basis of heuristic data, CRM, merchandise management or booking systems are generally used. These are supplemented by target groups determined from real-time data. For example, by profiles of website visitors, social media users or mobile users. In some cases, e-mail addresses are also sufficient for profiling.
However, offline outlets should also benefit from target group analysis results from real-time and heuristic data. Why should dynamic pricing be used only and exclusively for online channels? Merging offline and online channels is difficult. However, this is still a requirement in many industries. For example in consulting-intensive or personality-sensitive industries.
At the end, each target group is dynamically assigned product price difference factors and recognition probability weightings. Target groups relevant for dynamic pricing, nourished by real-time and historical data, are:
- Recently played offers
- Last purchases/bookings
- Character properties
- Interests
- Socioeconomics
- Generations
- Actively used marketing channels & the periods of activity
If no patterns are available for past data, e.g. "flies to Boston every May" or "buys 1000 grams of the same type of tea every 4 to 5 weeks", the most current customer data, e.g. current search profile from the website, is weighted higher for dynamic pricing than customer information from the past. However, the weighting is based not only on the data topicality, but also on the data quality or the reliability of the data source as well as the significance of the data source for the customer; e.g. an e-mail newsletter registration of a prospective customer is far less relevant for sales than a contact form sent by the prospective customer, for which the prospective customer had to invest more time than for the specification of his e-mail address.
In dynamic pricing, the target groups are permanently in the real-time interplay of revealing weightings. The complexity of "user-target group allocation in dynamic pricing" is sometimes also due to the fact that a person is in several target groups at the same time and his "target group membership weightings" are subject to permanent changes.
Value of demand forecasts for dynamic pricing
"Betting on future needs developments" is a risky game. The current volatility of world events is increasing the risk factor. Sociological changes and far-reaching social trends also play an important role in prognoses because they determine prices.
However, in some industries it is still possible to successfully develop forecasts for dynamic pricing even with low resource input.
Energy brokers, for example, can abstract data from CO2 emissions trading with data on raw material purchasing and extraction. In the tourism industry, the demand for package tours per country can be partly predicted on the basis of pure flight bookings. Initial studies have shown that for certain O&D's and airlines in defined markets, the number of flights is 6 to 8 weeks ahead of the package tours.
Often numerous other parameters are used for forecasts. Exchange rate developments, gross domestic products, import/export ratios, etc.
The weighting of the forecasts within dynamic pricing is constantly adjusted to the permanent improvement of the probabilities of occurrence of the forecasts. In most industries, product demand forecasts for most products are initially rated very low. Over time, the forecasts generally become more reliable and thus increasingly weighted higher. There are companies in which demand forecasts now account for 30% of the total weighting within the dynamic pricing system and have thus become a strong influencing factor of dynamic pricing.
supply and demand
Information on supply and demand should be available to Dynamic Pricing as a company-wide supply-demand KPI and as a product-specific KPI for each product. In addition, the supply-demand values of the entire markets in which the products are sold as well as the estimated values of the competitors should also be available. Thus, the dynamic pricing system can permanently calculate real-time potential analyses. This is done on the basis of competition and market analyses as well as the company's own internal supply and demand situation and the forecast demand.
Internal Finances within Dynamic Pricing
These same types of information that you should be aware of from the competition are also relevant for determining your internal costs per product. However, it goes without saying that your data should be more precise and more comprehensive when it comes to taking your cost structure into account in dynamic pricing.
Prerequisites for dynamic pricing are a distribution of all costs (fixed costs, variable costs and mixed costs) and revenues to all products (in monetary units). Each product should receive a realistic cost and revenue value, related to the entire product process, – defined according to Kaizen; from market research and product development to product provision, maintenance and marketing to the removal of the product from all systems.
Thereafter, each product shall be assigned an expense value (in monetary and hourly units) and a capitalized earnings value (in monetary units).
The following questions can thus be answered:
- What is the revenue in relation to the cost per product?
- How high is the expenditure (in money and hours) in relation to the yield per respective product?
- How high is my profit or loss per product?
Only when this information is available as data in real time can the dynamic pricing system work completely. Now 2 essential parameters are set in the financial area. On the one hand, the minimum sales prices per product and the turnover and profit expectations for the company in general.
The dynamic pricing system now calculates the following from the relevant and already described influencing variables
- Environment/Politics
- Competition
- Target groups
- demand forecasts
- Own supply-demand situation
one real-time price per individual demand.
The system tries to achieve the highest possible price. If, according to the dynamic pricing system, the target minimum price per product cannot be achieved, a decision is made as to whether the product should nevertheless be sold and, if so, how many sales (per period) should be permitted. This is generally done automatically, but can also be done manually during ongoing operations. At the same time, a report on the dynamic price development per product is generated and made available to the respective departments. In particular the top management as well as the finance, product management, sales and marketing departments.
In the background, the system always calculates the overall financial situation. The dynamic pricing system attempts to meet the company's revenue and sales expectations. For example, it calculates at which points or other product sales below the minimum sales price the negative gap is currently compensated.
Machine learning within dynamic pricing
Each single influencing factor of dynamic pricing is complex. Competitive and market observation across different countries as well as the permanent dynamic and automated real-time allocation of people to target groups or the comparability of one's own products with those of the competition. But also the consideration of the constantly changing supply and demand situation in the present, as well as the consideration of demand forecasts, involves complexities. Every influencing factor of dynamic pricing should be improved over time.
The numerous parameters of each influence quantity and the constantly changing weightings make it difficult to improve the influence quantities by human hand. Even more difficult than the handling of an influencing variable is the complexity of the influencing variables in real-time interaction with each other. This requires intelligent dynamic pricing control software on the one hand and software that independently checks and improves the results of the control software on the other.
Artificial intelligence in dynamic pricing and suitable industries
The path from machine learning to artificial intelligence is not far away. The development of an AI for dynamic pricing (as a saleable product) will probably be developed by SAP in Europe if no "IT" company from the USA or China makes it ahead of time. However, even SAP will probably not have enough data to develop the dynamic pricing KI. Ultimately, SAP is only a service provider for companies and should not have access to its customers' data.
But who could develop artificial intelligence for dynamic pricing? Which companies or industries would have the greatest added value?
To exploit the complexity of the target group mapping, a B2C orientation would make sense. Dynamic pricing should also include product development, so pure B2C (eCommerce) sales platforms are out of the question. Which industries represent the complete process? Product development, product purchase, product provision, product marketing (offline and online) and billing?
These would be, for example, the automotive, pharmaceutical/chemical, travel, energy/oil, banking, insurance or real estate industries. However, at the consumer or customer interface not only a high offer output, but also high product sales are relevant. The more data, the better. The automotive industry and the real estate construction industry are thus eliminated – because of the high price, too few cars or houses are sold in order to quickly achieve a high learning potential for AI. The pharmaceutical industry is also eliminated due to the distribution channels via pharmacies. There remains energy/oil, e.g. mineral oil companies and their selling ways over gas stations, the insurance and banking industry as well as the travel industry.
The oil companies with their petrol station networks are not optimal because of the state regulation on how often the petrol/oil sales price can be changed per day. Insurance companies, banks and the travel industry would remain. However, the product offering volumes and the number of products sold by insurance companies and banks are much lower than in the travel industry. In addition, the banking and insurance industry works very closely with intermediaries (e.g. Check24) and has no access to the data within the customer journey that is valuable for dynamic pricing. At first glance, the travel industry seems to be very suitable. In this industry, the development of dynamic pricing can be started from many sides or specialist areas and gradually merged.
Of course other industries or groups can also develop a dynamic pricing AI. For example, there may also be sufficient data available for automated dynamic pricing on past and current worldwide automobile sales information. Especially if the data from car rental is added (Car2Go, Drive Now, etc.). Also, it is not necessary to develop a complete dynamic pricing KI with all influencing variables. This year, we developed interfaces between production planning and car buyers for two automotive groups. There we came into contact with digital intelligence, which plans and monitors the orchestration of the worldwide production of all parts, whether produced internally or by suppliers. The automotive companies have decided that it is in this area that the greatest benefit of an AI can be developed most quickly. Irrespective of the industry, – the revenues and earnings can be significantly increased, for example, through the realization of the two influencing factors competition and target groups. Nevertheless, the added value of dynamic pricing is higher in some industries than in others. The more influencing variables are considered, the simpler the interfaces between the systems, the lower the disruptive factors and the more data is available for each influencing variable, the more successful dynamic pricing becomes.
Data acquisition in dynamic pricing
It is no longer a secret that numerous data should be available for training an AI. The more data about the respective influencing variables are available, the more precise the AI becomes in dynamic pricing. Past projects have already provided us with experience regarding the required amount of data per influence quantity. Mathematical stochastic methods, which we have electronically mapped in algorithms, permanently monitor the capabilities of the AI and determine the remaining data quantities required during the AI training phase until the end of the training phase.
Necessity of research and development alliances for dynamic pricing
The conflict between data quantity/data quality/data topicality and dynamic price adjustments as well as data protection/antitrust law is wide. The renunciation of dynamic pricing is not a solution. Competition, which is more advanced in its maturity level, would quickly overtake one's own company. Accepting the challenge of "dynamic pricing" is not a luxury decision – dynamic pricing can quickly become a question of existence.
p align="LEFT">The bitter cost-causing pill "data protection and antitrust law", especially with regard to the new EU data protection directive, should be courageously swallowed.
And also the answers to the questions how much data will be required for which influencing variables are no longer rocket technology nowadays. The key questions are rather:
- Where do the masses of good quality data for each influencing variable come from?
- How are the processes designed and how are the processes mapped digitally in or with the historically grown systems?
- What resources are required after the provision of the dynamic pricing system for ongoing operation and further development?
- With which standard technologies currently traded on the market can dynamic pricing be set up? Which standards have a future and which system and software suppliers are (still) likely to be successful in the future?
- How high will the ROI be and when will the Break Even Point (BEP) be reached?
- Who pays for everything?
Dynamic pricing should be considered holistically and taken into account in the corporate strategy. However, quick successes in the project business are necessary for the project team as well as for the stakeholders and investors. Therefore, two to three influencing variables should be defined at the beginning and their pricing dynamized.
Contrary to the disdainful prophecies of doom from innovators in love with technology, we have found that a high degree of artificial intelligence is not yet required for the first development stage of the dynamic pricing system. The project milestone of machine learning can thus also be established at a later stage.
Sophisticated mathematics cast in algorithms paired with standard technologies and standard processes can already carry out complex processes within dynamic pricing very quickly and automatically. The implementation of expensive novel high technologies, for which there are hardly any personnel resources in Germany, can take place as soon as economic successes flush more finances into the coffers through dynamic pricing.
Nevertheless, a dynamic pricing project will not be a cost-effective undertaking. Not only medium-sized but also large companies are afraid of costs. Data collection is also a big challenge for most companies. In most cases, sufficient data is available for dynamic pricing for some influencing variables, but not for all.
This data acquisition problem is not only present in Germany or Europe, but also in the USA or China. Therefore, the companies there form data and research alliances.
The companies in Europe and Germany should also form R&D and data alliances, in the first step within and in the second step across industries. Within the framework of these alliances, dynamic pricing systems could be developed to conserve resources (complete result with shared costs).
In the travel industry, alliances between tour operators, airlines, Amadeus and hotel chains would be possible in order to cost-effectively develop a dynamic pricing system. In a second step, for example, the insurance groups (travel insurance products) currently under strong pressure could join the R & D alliance and benefit from the advantages of a dynamic pricing system through additional R & D payments.
In Germany, too, there are experts recognised throughout Europe in legal matters.
In the area of data protection and the new EU data protection directive, for example, it is the law firm Spirit Legal with offices in Leipzig and London.
Since dynamic pricing, in particular the important influencing factor "competition price screening" (actually price agreements), has an antitrust component, the Faculty of Law of the University of Würzburg with Prof. Florian Bien has a capacity recognised throughout Europe.
In most cases, such developments as dynamic pricing result in numerous valuable by-products that can be used throughout the industry.
The outsourcing of R&D services is currently becoming more popular. The reasons for this are the high costs for innovation and product development and the lack of natural scientists and (software) engineers.
HighPots has developed a recurrent artificial neural network (rKNN) for autonomous driving in recent years in cooperation with the Chinese automotive group SAIC Motors and Huawai. The aim was to achieve level 3 autonomy. The Chinese search engine giant Baidu now wants to develop a procedure for level 5 autonomy for SAIC Motors (Interview Baidu Wall Street Journal ). Level 5 autonomy can only be achieved if cars no longer need a permanent Internet connection for autonomous driving. Since the functioning of assistance systems such as Siri or Cortana on smartphones is also important offline, SAIC and Baidu use Huawai technologies for this purpose. A good example of meaningful R&D alliances.
By the way, there are also development and data alliances between the apparent competitors Microsoft, Google, Facebook and Amazon. Alliances are also common in the hardware production of smartphones, for example. Companies such as Samsung, for example, supply displays to other smartphone manufacturers.
For German companies such alliances are sometimes still unpopular. Perhaps the reason is that German companies still think and act too little globally and too locally. As a result, they often only see competition in their own country and only in their own industry.
Dynamic pricing is predestined to be developed in an alliance or to establish an R&D alliance/cooperation. The separation between "general validity" and individual "company internas" is easily possible. For example, the threshold values for product-based profit and loss accounts can remain in the companies' internal financial systems, while the system for the individual automated matching of offers to demand (and vice versa) can be made available to all cooperation partners.


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Knight Frank Global Research produces market-leading residential, commercial and agricultural property reports
Australia Residential Buying Guide.
The Middle East International Desk
Our dedicated 'International Desk' in the Gulf offers a single point of contact for services across Knight Frank worldwide and Douglas Elliman in North America.
A discussion of rental market trends, tenant profiles and opportunities from the coal face. .


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FISLL: Faith, Integrity, Sacrifice, Leadership, and Legacy
Westchester Knicks Youth Development Day is an annual program that drives growth on and off the court using Knicks Legend and General Manager Allan Houston's FISLL Leadership Development tools to connect with the Westchester community.
A development project for communities, families, and individuals of all ages, Youth Development Day incorporates physical, mental, and emotional self-recognition, training, and well-being. Past program elements have included a skills development clinic, open run, 5v5 tournament, and panel discussions with Allan Houston and Westchester Knicks players and staff.
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The apple iPhone is more than likely among the most preferred gadget of our time, however comprehending it can be demanding. If you are the delighted owner of an iPhone however have yet to realize its qualities, and afterwards advance to the post listed below. This review is full of little ideas that will certainly make you make you might professional at using your phone. Shut off or disable wireless radio features on your apple iphone if you usually are not utilizing. Also if they are not in real usage by you, these attributes could create your battery to run down quicker. Wireless radios will certainly contain GPS, Bluetooth along with Wi-Fi. When you switch off cordless radio attributes on your iPhone, turn them off.
You can establish tips through sire. You do not have to educate sire to remind you to do an activity at 5pm. You could tell sire to advise you to do something when you reach a certain place like house. The phone will certainly identify when you go to the location and encourage you to execute your work. You might recommend on your own although you can not anticipate when you will get home. Tapping anywhere on the climate condition bar that is discovered in the notices food choice will certainly additionally enable you to access the weather application. It is not uncommon to drop your phone in the commode, the bathroom or something damp. As opposed to utilizing a clothes dryer, carefully clean the phone as well as immerse it in a plastic zip leading bag with a great deal of rice. Several iPhone individuals are uninformed that you can touch on the regional weather forecast to see a malfunction for the following twelve humans resources will certainly appear. You can ask sire for a shorter period also. Read more here freeiphonexgiveaway.win.
The benefit of utilizing the tutorials gives step by step directions en routes to utilize your apple iphone. You could capture a screenshot with your apple iphone. Just hold the rest button while keeping in the home button. The display will certainly blink white and you will understand the photo was preserved. You can do this if you touch your residence secret. Locate the application you intend to shut, and afterwards press on it with your finger. When the application icon shakes, click the red icon to fold the application. A screen is a helpful monetary investment for your apple iphone. Without it, the phone ensures to acquire scratched along with dinged up. Also a tiny bit of dust concealed on your pocket will damage an unthinking screen. If you have got awkward tendencies, make certain to acquire an instance for your iPhone. Your iPhone will certainly damage if you drop it without some sort of case protection on. Although the situation is not a guarantee that definitely nothing will absolutely happen to the device, it could definitely offer you a little insurance policy coverage versus the periodic bump as well as decline.


text: On March 13, 2019 at approximately 6:40 p.m., a 31-year old woman was walking southbound on Clark Street from North Shore Ave., when the offender approached her from behind, grabbed her and put his hand over her face covering her nose and mouth. Offender's hand was wet and smelled similar to alcohol. Offender pulled victim backwards and victim lost consciousness. Victim awoke later alone in an unknown building after being sexually assaulted.


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Keep up to date with our latest READ ON news and announcements
Ask the Author
West Cork Music as part of READ ON are running a two hour ASK the Author segment with E.R. Murray
Passport Events in Bantry, Ireland
Three International writers discussed how influences like their family heritage and the countries they were born in, grew up in or now live in have influenced them as writers and as readers.
Bantry Blurandevu
Young Irish interviewers at the West Cork Literary Festival 2018
READ ON and the FLIC Awards
A group of young Illustrators are excited to be entering the European Network FLIC Awards and were hard at work on the project.
READ ON Partners in Cork
READ ON partners attended a two day meeting at the Maritime Hotel in Bantry, Co. Cork on 9 and 10 April 2018.


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Disney is extending their reach beyond the fictional world into real life. Disney Research Zurich and ETH have collaborated on a robot that drives both on the ground and up walls. The lightweight, 3D printed machine is mounted with a couple of propellers which tilt in order to facilitate the transition between the ground and walls. Disney claims that the robot is able to "travel through urban and indoor environments" with ease.
It's actually a bit unnerving to see the robot rolling across the surface of a concrete wall like an overgrown insect. What possible uses can this robot have? Perhaps it can carry supplies to people who are stranded in otherwise unreachable locations or, if advancements reach that point, carry the injured to safety.
The current build is small, but there is plenty of room for the design to evolve and improve. What's frightening to imagine is that this technology can and probably will be weaponized. If these robots are armed, they can venture into territory that airborne drones simply cannot. So far, the intention seems to be mostly humanitarian in nature.


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This well-equipped independent apartment with private garden is situated on an enclosed 1 acre olive grove on the outskirts of a lively, typically Provençal village midway between the Mediterranean and the Gorges du Verdon.
In the Loire Valley (France), two high quality spacious gite holiday cottages of the 18th century set in one acre grounds with heated swimming pool.
Coast and Country Cottages have over 250 Welsh cottages with current availability information at the touch of a button.


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After Saturday's rain and gales at Ripon, the sun and light breezes were a welcome change for the helms and crews of the nineteen National 12s who gathered at Yeadon Tarn on Sunday to sail for the Tarn Trophy. With 15 different designs on the water spanning 40 years of development the outcome was by no means certain.
With the wind from a north to north-easterly direction, the Race Officer was able to set a beat making full use of the restricted water and Race 1 got underway at the first attempt. The breeze favoured those on the starboard side of the course and it was from this group that the leaders emerged with John and Alison Cheetham in their Numinous design taking the gun. Howard Chadwick and Helen Nicholson in their 1966 vintage Starfish sailed exceptionally well to take second place in front of Bernard Clark and Ian Towers in their Final Chapter
Race 2 got underway almost immediately, and Philip and Helen David in their Baggy Trousers soon hit the front of the fleet, clearly in the sort of form that won them the trophy in 2007, pulling ahead of Team Cheetham for their first win of the day. Neil McInnes and Felix Morgan in another Baggy Trousers were close behind in 3rd with visitors Simon and Matt Hopkins from Up River SC in their Crusader getting to grips with the conditions to finish strongly in 4th place
After lunch, the wind freshened considerably for the start of the final race and, with boats crowding in at the pin-end, the inevitable happened and the David's, comfortably lined up for the start, were forced to retire after being holed by an over-enthusiastic windward boat. Once the fleet had got itself sorted out it was the Hopkins who led for much of the way - with the two local helms John Cheetham and Howard Chadwick in hot pursuit. It was only on the last lap as the breeze dropped that the Cheethams were able to ghost ahead of the Crusader and register another emphatic win to take the trophy.
Overall Results:
1st John and Alison Cheetham N3468 Numinous Yeadon SC
2nd Howard Chadwick and Helen Nicholson N2266 Starfish Yeadon SC
3rd Simon and Matt Hopkins N3413 Crusader Up River SC
4th Philip and Helen David N3217 Baggy Trousers Yorkshire Ouse SC
1st Vintage: Howard Chadwick and Helen Nicholson N2266 Starfish
2nd Vintage: Brian Herring and Ros Stevenson N2468 China Doll
At the prizegiving, Howard Chadwick was also awarded the Witchcraft Bailer Trophy for his overall win in the 2008 N12 Vintage Series.


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11 Day Iceland in Autumn Photography Workshop
Join this amazing 11-day photography tour and discover the brilliant colours and sights of Iceland in autumn with your camera. This is the perfect option for anyone keen to explore the otherworldly landscapes of Iceland while sharpening their photography skills.
Autumn is the perfect time to explore Iceland; it's a season that brings with it a series of changing forms, lights and colours, in the last hurrah before the coming winter. It's true that by this time of year the days are growing fairly short, but it's also around October that the wondrous Northern Lights return to the skies.
This tour will focus primarily on capturing some of Iceland's finest sights when the conditions are at their best during the golden light of the sunset and sunrise. Of course, we will spend plenty of time hunting the Aurora Borealis as well.
Joining this group of photography enthusiasts will be two world-leading award-winning photography instructors, who know all of the locations in detail and have mastered the ins and outs of making the most of Iceland's beautiful landscapes. This workshop is well-suited to amateur photographers as well as the more experienced looking to hone their craft.
In terms of locations, the group will focus on the rugged sights of the Snæfellsnes Peninsula in West Iceland, the popular Golden Circle near the capital, and the breathtaking wonders of Iceland's South Coast.
Expect to see one of Europe's most imposing glaciers, photogenic ice and rock formations, dynamic coastlines, volcanic black sand beaches, thunderous waterfalls, and much more besides.
Embrace the rugged beauty of Iceland and take some amazing pictures to last a lifetime on this photography tour. Check availability by choosing a date.
Quick facts
- Available: Sep. - Oct.
- Duration: 11 days
- Activities: Hiking, Sight Seeing, Northern Lights, Photo Tours, Photo Workshop
- Difficulty: Easy
- Minimum age: 18 years.
- Languages: English
- Attractions: Reykjavík,
The Reykjavík Capital Area is the country's largest and most populated city and currently home to 211.282 people, that's two-thirds of the entire Icelandic population!
Although it's one of the smallest capital cities in the world, it's still big enough to fit in six super-sized districts, with Reykjavík as the largest having a population of 121.230. Each district has its own elected council that governs the community and is responsible for the execution of legally determined projects.Seljalandsfoss,
A unique waterfall in the river Seljalandsá, about 30 km west from Skógar. It is 60 meters high with a foot path behind it at the bottom of the cliff, but with a thin cascade. It is the only known waterfall of its kind, where it is possible to walk behind it. The waterfall is very picturesque and therefore its photo can be found in many books and calendars.
Access to the waterfall is from the farm of Seljaland along the Ring Road, Iceland's main highway. A little further to the west there are several other falls, among them the interesting Gljúfrabúi which is partially masked by its own canyon. Access to it is from Hamragarðar farm along the road, east of Markarfljót.
Both of these "do-not-miss" attractions lie very close to the main Ring Road at the base of the Eyjafjallajökull Glacier, on the road leading in to Thorsmörk.Skógafoss,
Only a few kilometers away from the south shores of Iceland, lies the village of Skógar along the Southern Ring Road. It is a popular summer-resort centre surrounded by unusual scenic beauty. The breath-taking view of Skogáfoss waterfall and scenic surroundings and the snow-capped heights of two towering glaciers are Skógar's major summer attractions. There are two settlements by this name. One is Ytri-Skógar (outer or western Skógar) and the other Eystri-Skógar (eastern Skógar), located at a short distance from each other. Ytri-Skógar, commonly referred to as Skógar, is the main settlement. It is an old farm and has a church from 1890. It is located between the Skógá and Kverná rivers.
The greatest attraction of Skógar is of course the beautiful 60-metre high Skogáfoss waterfall in the river Skógá. Like the legends of buried treasures of Egill Skallagrímsson in Mosfell near Reykjavík and Ketilbjörn in Mosfell near Skálholt, there is a similar legend about the settler Þrasi who is believed to have buried his chest of gold under the Skogáfoss waterfall.
If the sun conditions are favourable - one can see a vivid rainbow in front of the waterfalls. The river below the falls holds a large salmon and char population and fisherman are seen here fishing July - October. The path leading to the top of the waterfalls continues following the river upstream - where numerous more dramatic waterfalls of sheer beauty are to be found. A great hike - to say the least!
One of the finest folk museums in Iceland is situated in extraordinarily beautiful natural surroundings. The interesting local folk museum has a collection of over 6000 artifacts and examples of various types of dwellings in Iceland since the early times. The collection of tools and equipment used at land and sea is outstanding. The museum also has an old turf farmhouse, where guests can experience the standards of living in Iceland in past centuries.
From Skógar the Ring Road runs eastwards along the foot of Mýrdalsjökull glacier, across the southern sandy plains and over glacial rivers, passes Seljavellir and continues along the soaring glaciated massive of Eyjafjöll and the two waterfalls Seljalandsfoss and Gljúfrabúi. From here runs a 10 km long trek along the river Skógá over the Fimmvörðuháls Pass between the Eyjafjallajökull and Mýrdalsjökull glaciers to the mountain oasis of Þórsmörk.
Skógar is a place to explore the natural diversity of the south or, if the weather is good, to spend a holiday amid beautiful and rugged landscapes. It is also very close to the ocean and the unique black beach.Reynisdrangar,
Reynisdrangar are basalt sea stacks situated under the mountain Reynisfjall near the village Vík í Mýrdal, southern Iceland which is framed by a black sand beach that was ranked in 1991 as one of the ten most beautiful non-tropical beaches in the world.
Legend says that the stacks originated when two trolls dragged a three-masted ship to land unsuccessfully and when daylight broke they became needles of rock.
Contemporary legends note the story of a husband who found his wife taken by the two trolls, frozen at night. The husband made the two trolls swear to never kill anyone ever again. His wife was the love of his life, whose free spirit he was unable to provide a home for; she found her fate out among the trolls, rocks, and sea at Reynisfjara.Vatnajökull National Park,
Vatnajökull National Park was established in 2008. It includes the national parks in Skaftafell (est. 1967) and Jökulsárgljúfur (est. 1973) along with the Vatnajökull ice cap itself and extensive areas around it.
Vatnajökull National Park is characterised by diversity on all fronts, be it landscape, biosphere, cultural remains or service levels. For simplification, however, it may be placed into two categories: uninhabited highland areas with limited services and lowland areas with higher service levels.
The park's visitor centres are all located in lowland areas. Each of them has an exhibition about the park's nature and cultural heritage. Each also has a souvenir shop with special emphasis on local handicraft and products.
In 2018, Vatnajökull National Park was nominated for inclusion in the World Heritage List. The nomination [PDF - 28 MB]is currently being reviewed by UNESCO.Jökulsárlón,
Jökulsárlón glacier lagoon is one of the most famed and visited attractions in Iceland. Floating on the lagoon are enumerable icebergs that have broken off the resident glacier, creating an ever-changing scenery of incredible allure.
The river Jökulsá connects the lagoon to the Atlantic Ocean, meaning that these icebergs eventually drift out to sea where they are polished by the waves before floating back to the black sands of Breiðamerkursandur. The name 'Diamond Beach' thus comes from the white ice on the black sand appearing like gemstones or diamonds, as they often glisten in the sun and sharply contrast their jet black surroundings.Diamond Beach,
The Diamond Beach is a strip of black sand belonging to the greater Breiðamerkursandur glacial plain, located by Jökulsárlón glacier lagoon on the South Coast of Iceland.
Here, the icebergs which fill Jökulsárlón glacier lagoon wash up on shore, standing dazzling and defiant in stark contrast to the black sand beach. It is, therefore, a favourite amongst photographers, nature-lovers, and wildlife-enthusiasts. Many seals call this beach home, and it is one of the best places in the country to see orcas from the shore.
Safety at the Diamond Beach
The Diamond Beach is a safe place for any responsible traveller; unlike at Reynisfjara, another South Coast black-sand-beach, sneaker waves and rip currents are not notorious for whisking unwitting tourists out to sea. However, there are still dangers to consider.
The main one of these is the icebergs themselves. Under no circumstance should you climb upon an iceberg, due to their slippery surfaces and sharp edges.
This is especially the case if the iceberg is at all in the water, as it could flip and trap you underneath, or else be pulled out to sea by a current with you on it.
The risk of injury and illness in the form of hypothermia is so great that extortionate fines exist to deter any 'rebels' looking for a thrill-seek. These have only come about due to serious incidents, to protect not only tourists at the lagoon but guides and staff who may feel obligated to embark on a dangerous rescue if they see someone at risk.Fjallsárlón,
Fjallsárlón is a glacier lake at the south end of the Icelandic glacier Vatnajökull. Fjallsjökull which is part of the bigger glacier reaches down to the water of the lake and some ice-bergs are drifting by on its surface.
The glacier calving into the lagoon is a part of Vatnajökull National Park and the better known glacier lake Jökulsárlón is not far from there. From the glacier lake Breiðárlón a little river flows into the Fjallsárlón.
Above, there is looming the famous volcano Öræfajökull.
At its shore, in the summertime, it is better to beware of the skúas, big seagulls which have their nests on the ground around the lake.Vík,
Mýrdalshreppur region is one of three municipalities in Katla UNESCO GLOBAL Geopark. Vik is the central town in the Geopark and has developed as an important local commercial centre and service for the travel industry. Mýrdalur is the southernmost district of Iceland, bordered by the glacial river Jökulsá to the west and the river Blautakvísl to the east. Its northern border is the Mýrdalsjökull glacier (700 km2, Iceland's fourth largest glacier). Approximately 600 metres below the ice lies the dormant subglacial volcano Katla which the Geopark is named after. Its southern limits are black sands and the rolling Atlantic waves. Vik is the only seaside settlement in Iceland left without a harbour due to natural circumstances. Nevertheless, Vík's inhabitants used to go fishing and got products from ship before the roads were imposed in 1939.
The natural beauty of the area is spectacular. There are many places of interest in the vicinity of Vik. Just east of the outskirts of the village lies one of Europe's biggest arctic tern breeding grounds. A short hike within the close vicinity of Vik is sure to satisfy all serious nature lovers and birds watchers. To the south of Reynisfjall mountain a spectacular set of rock columns called Reynisdrangar rise majestically out of the Atlantic Ocean. Dyrhólaey is a 120 meters high headland extending into the sea and forming an impressive natural arch located in the western part of the Mýrdalur district. In the summer, the peninsula is home to hosts of puffins.
Mýrdalshreppur region has a good travel services all year around and offers plenty of camping, hostels, guesthouses, apartments and hotels. We have over 1200 rooms to be precise. Among the many aspects of Vík that make it attractive to tourist are the hiking trails, bird watching, paragliding in the blue sky, snowmobile tour on Mýrdalsjökull glacier, ATV tour or horse riding on the black beach, glacier walk on Sólheimajökull glacier, short or long jeep tours around the region, a wool centre and a wool gallery, our local fish store where you can get both fresh and smoked Arctic char, to list but a few. Not many other places in Iceland offer as many contrast of nature as Mýrdalur. The area is therefore an ideal place to visit for travellers who want to enjoy good service and the best of what the country's natural environment has to offer.Skaftafell ,
Scenic landscape, favorable weather conditions and a selection of hiking trails make Skaftafell an ideal destination for those who like to enjoy outdoor activities in Icelandic nature.
Short and easy trails lead to waterfall Svartifoss and glacier Skaftafellsjökull, but for those who want to reach further out, the Morsárdalur valley and Kristínartindar mountain peaks are perfect in terms of distance and labour. Skaftfell is also the perfect base camp for those who seek to climb Iceland's highest mountain peak, Hvannadalshnjúkur.
In 1967, Skaftafell National Park was established, but in 2008 it became a part of the newly established Vatnajökull National Park.Vestrahorn,
Vestrahorn, Vesturhorn or Stokksnes, these are all names for this same place. The area is approximately a ten-minute drive away from Höfn. The Horn area is below Vestra-Horn, a 454-meter-high mountain. It is an interesting geological site composing of un-stratified plutonic rock, mostly gabbro but with some granophyre. East of the mountain is a strange-shaped outcrop called Brunnhorn that stretches out to sea.
One of the first settlement farms in Iceland was Horn, Built by Hrollaugur, son of Rögnvaldur earl of Møre in Norway. Hornafjörður Municipality and several natural sites are named after the settlement farm. In the Second World War, the Horn area became a base for the British army and later a NATO radar station was set up at Stokksnes, south of Horn. At Stokksnes you can feel the power of the Atlantic Ocean as the waves hit the rocky shore with massive force.
Vestrahorn is a photographer's paradise. Come here to photograph the dramatic landscape, or just sit and enjoy the vast beauty. A very beautiful unspoiled natural site.
The shore features stunning lava dunes, that are constantly being shaped by the natural forces of water and wind. Down towards the sea, it is possible to get perfect reflections in the wet sand. Seals also tend to hang out on the stretch of sand, so if you're lucky you can catch a picture of a lazing seal as well.Búðir,
Búðir (transliterated Búdir) is a small hamlet in Búðahraun lava fields in Staðarsveit, which is in the western region of Iceland, on the westernmost tip of the Snaefellsnes peninsula where Hraunhafnará falls to the sea, the original old name of Búðir having been Hraunhöfn.
The village belongs to Snæfellsbær, a municipality that has its administrative centre in the town of Ólafsvík.
Just a cluster of old buildings, Búðir is the home of popular country inn and restaurant Hotel Búðir and a very old small church. The original old house of the restaurant and Hótel Búðir burned down on 21 February 2001, and had to be rebuilt completely, so as to resemble the original old inn house and to blend into the existing scenery of old buildings and natural surroundings.
It is believed that commercial ships and fishing vessels have been making their landing at Búðir all the way back to when Iceland's first inhabitants made their way there across the ocean, and commercial activity started there very early in recorded history. Originally the main function of Búðir was that to act as a commercial and trade hub for Snæfellsnes and the surrounding west coast region, during an extended period of Danish trade monopoly. Today the small hamlet of Búðir along with Hótel Búðir is a center of attraction in Snæfellsnes for tourists and various tourismactivities.Kirkjufell,
Grundarfjörður's beautiful landmark is the most photographed mountain in Iceland. Its isolated position jutting out into the sea makes it a focal point for tourists and seamen alike. Surrounded by beaches, Kirkjufell has a lovely walking trail around it as well as a more challenging climb up to the top where bird and fish fossils can be found.Arnarstapi,
Arnarstapi was an important trading post in the past and had a much bigger population than it has now.
Columnar basalt, ravines and grottoes surround the Arnarstapi pier. There is good anchorage for small boats.
There is quite a large arctic tern colony in the village itself. A walk along the coastline is recommended to watch the birds and the magnificent lava formations. The seaside and the cliffs between Arnastapi and Hellnar have been made a Natural Reserve in 1979.
A very interesting old path follows the coastline where you can see old lending places of fishermen, lots of birds like the kittiwake, the Arctic tern and the fulmar and pass through a lavafield. If you take a guided tour, you will also hear a ghost story.
A sculpture of Bardur Snaefellsas by Ragnar Kjartansson stands by the beach at Arnarstapi.Snæfellsjökull National Park,
Snæfellsjökull National Park was established on June 28th, 2001.The Park's purpose is to protect and conserve the area's unique landscape, indigenous plants and animal life as well as the important historical relics. At the same time, the Park is meant to allow visitors easier access as well as an improved opportunities to get to know the area. National parks are amongst Iceland's finest assets and everyone is free to explore them.The Snæfellsjökull glacier lies within the national park, and the park is the only Icelandic national park that stretches to the sea. The geology of Snæfellsnes national park is diverse with formations from almost every era of Iceland's past. The more prominent formations in and around the National Park mainly date from geologically "modern" times back to the last ice age. The hills to the north of the glacier, around Bárðarkista, are of volcanic palagonite tuff, formed during eruptions under the glacier or below the surface of the sea. Svalþúfa is most likely the eastern section of a crater that erupted under the sea, while Lóndrangar is a volcanic plug.Lóndrangar,
Uniquely-formed remnants of ancient basalt volcanic dikes sticking out from the sea.
Londrangar and the hill Svalthufa are the remains of a crater, which has been eroded to its present form by the sea.
The farmers in the area never made or make hay on the hill, because it is said to belong to the elves living in the area.
Younger lava fields surround this old crater ruin. The higher pillar (75m) was first climbed in 1735 and the lower (61 m) in 1938.
Below the hill you may find Thufubjarg cliff where according to a folktale the poet Kolbeinn Joklaskald had an encounter with the Devil.
On these cliffs, puffins and fulmars have their nests.Berserkjahraun,
The central western peninsula, Snaefellsnes, is one of the most Saga invested parts of the country, and this area is no exception. The rugged Berserk Lava Field covers most of the western part of the Helgafell County, and stretches between the mountain slopes and the sea. Its sources are four prominent, but differently sized scoria craters forming an east-west row from the Ogress Pass (Kerlingarskard). They probably erupted at short intervals approximately 3600-4000 years ago, the largest one first and the smallest last, almost damming the Lava Bay in the east, where the old main road crosses it. The lava flows created two lakes on their southern side and added to the serenity and beauty of the landscapes, but also represented a difficult obstacle as the area became inhabited during the Age of Settlement. In the beginning, people chose to walk or ride along the southern edge of the lava or travel past it by boat until bridle paths were opened. Nowadays three roads cross it.
All around the lava field are indentations with small oases and where it enters the sea are coves. The berserks probably built the sheep pen Krossrett, just below the home fields of the farm Berserkjaeyri. Where the brook Hraunslaekur runs along the lava edge, are ruins of fish huts to remind us of the fishing outfits of the past. A nearby depression in the lava field, fenced off with a wall of lava stones, is believed to be the grain field of Styr the Slayer. Near Lake Selvallavatn are flat pumice grounds, where regional sport festivities took place around 1940. This beautiful area is ideal for recreation, hiking, angling and mountain climbing. White tailed eagles nest in the rugged lava field and one of the protruding rocks in it to the northeast of the lake is called The Eagle's Rock. The whole lava field, the inner part of the Lava Bay and the lakes Selvallavatn and Hraunsfjardarvatn have been declared inviolate.
The story about the most renowned road building accomplicement of the country is a part of the Eyrbyggja Saga, probably the most complex of the Icelandic Saga literature. Four constructions connected to this part of the Saga have been preserved, the bridle path, The Berserks' Burial Mound, the boundary fence and the sheep den. The first two are national monuments.
The story tells us about two Swedish berserks, Halli and Leiknir, who Vermundur the Slim, farmer at Bjarnarhofn, brought to the country from Norway in 982. Vermundur's brother, Styr the Slayer, was a powerful wretch, who he wanted to be able to stand up to. The problem, however, was that Vermundur could not keep the berserks busy enough to subdue their rage and he saw no other solution than to ask his brother to take them off his hands. Styr the Slayer obliged reluctantly and soon found himself in a dilemma in spite of continuous killings. Halli, one of the berserks, fell in love with his daughter and asked for her hand in marriage.
Styr the Slayer went to his friend, Snorri the chieftain, at Helgafell to seek advice. When he came back, he told the berserks that he would give Halli his blessing after they had finished the tasks of clearing a bridle path through the rugged lava field, building a boundary fence across it, and a sheep pen. They went berserk and finished the tasks in a remarkably short time. Before they did, Styr the Slayer prepared an underground sauna for them and covered it with thick boards with an opening to pour water down on a heated boulder in the hole to create hot steam. When they returned tired and sweaty, he invited them to relax in the sauna and they accepted. The hole was covered properly, big boulders put on the boards and excessive quantities of boiling hot water poured through the opening. It soon became unbearably hot in the hole and the berserks managed to break out, but much too weak to defend themselves against Styr the slayer. He had spread wet and slippery bull hides on the ground around the hole and managed to kill them both. Their bodies were taken into a depression in the lava field, where they were buried close to the bridle path as can be seen up to this date.Grundarfjörður,
Home to Mt Kirkjufell
Though Grundarfjörður is not the most well-known town in Snæfellsnes, its mountain is certainly one of the most famous mountains in Iceland, if not the world. It is not unusual for photographers from all over the world to make their way to Grundarfjörður for the sole purpose of photographing this unique landmark which has even starred in a number of films, most recently The Secret Life of Walter Mitty.
Once the increasing number of visitors have had their fill of Kirkjufell, they quickly discover that there is a lot more on offer in Grundarfjörður than merely magnificent mountains. Nature abounds, with vibrant birdlife, spectacular waterfalls, great hiking trails and exciting marine visitors such as seals and whales putting in an appearance every now and then. During the long summer days, there are daily boat trips where visitors can go deep sea fishing, see puffins and other beautiful birds and perhaps even catch sight of a whale or two.
Grundarfjörður is conveniently located in the middle of Snæfellsnes and provides easy access to Stykkishólmur, Snæfellsbær and the Snæfellsnes National Park. There is a great selection of accommodation available, with a high quality hotel and hostel, two guesthouses, a farm holiday guesthouse and a campsite by the swimming pool.
The swimming pool with its hot tubs is just one of a number of exciting services around the town. There is also a golf course, a family restaurant, a hotel restaurant, a coffee shop in the culture and heritage centre (where the information centre is also located), horse rentals, a pharmacy, a liquor store, a dry cleaning and laundry service and a well-stocked grocery store.
Though most visitors to Grundarfjörður arrive by road, there are also thousands that come by sea. Grundarfjörður Harbour makes every effort to make a cruise ship's visit comfortable and memorable for passengers and crew alike and as a result the number of cruise ships visits have increased from 2 in 2001 to no fewer than 18 scheduled for this summer.
During summer the town truly comes alive in a number of different ways. The local Viking Association are building up a Viking "village" in the centre of town and Viking-age re-enactments are often the highlight of the day for cruise ship passengers.
During the town festival, Á góðri stund, which is held the last weekend in July, the town literally changes colour when inhabitants and their guests decorate their houses in red, blue, yellow and green and indulge in a range of activities for all the family, from art exhibitions to fighting Vikings to concerts on the pier.
From Mt Kirkjufell to the sea, Grundarfjörður welcomes all its visitors equally.Hraunfossar
Hraunfossar - Lava Falls - are beautiful and unusual natural phenomena. Clear, cold springs of subterranean water seep through the lava and run as tiny waterfalls and rapids into the Hvita River.
Hraunfossar have been protected since 1987.
There is a viewpoint at the car park offering an amazing view over the Lava Falls and Hvita River.
Departure time : Flexible.
Professional photo guide
Transportation in a comfortable vehicle
Accommodation in hotels and guesthouses. Rooms with private bathrooms.
All breakfasts; Group dinner on day 1 and day 10.
Alcohol, snacks and beverages
All lunches; Dinners from day 2 to 9
Flight tickets
What to bring:
After you sign up, we'll send you a recommended camera gear and packing list
Why book with us?
- We are a local tour operator and travel agency authorised by the tourism board of Iceland.
- We offer small group tours with a maximum group size of 10-12. This way, you'll get to know your photography guide and we can take you to shoot in unique places that aren't suitable for larger groups.
- All our guests get a free collection of post-processing videos from our award-winning photographers worth over $1,500.
- On our tours we use comfortable vehicles to safely transport you to amazing locations.
- We are using only the best hotels available in Iceland.
- Our photo tours and workshops are guided by award-winning professional landscape photographers.
- We provide crampons and rubber boots for free to all our guests throughout the tour.
- During the tour, we give highly informative and easy-to-follow photography and post-processing lectures.
- Our photo guides will always help you in the field to make sure you will bring home stunning photos of Iceland.
Daily itinerary
Day 1 - Arrival
On day one you will land at Keflavík international airport, before making your way to your hotel in central Reykjavík. You'll meet your group and guides in the evening in the lobby of your hotel, and head out for dinner as a group.
It's an excellent opportunity to get to know each other, and your guides will take some time to discuss the itinerary and adventure to come. Your accommodation for the evening will be in Reykjavík.
Day 2 - Snæfellsnes peninsula
On the morning of the second day, you will be picked up from your hotel bright and early. To begin with, the group will head north to the Snæfellsnes Peninsula in the West of Iceland.
On the southern part of Snæfellsnes, you will photograph the rugged wilderness of the coastline, where jagged cliffs and unusual rock formations act as spectacular foregrounds for potential shots of the northern lights.
Even if the Aurora Borealis doesn't grace the night sky, the sights of Arnarstapi and the bewitching black church near Búðir will definitely be enough to keep you occupied.
Next, you will explore the peninsula a little more with a trip to the rocks of Lóndrangar, a collection of volcanic basalt rising dramatically from the ocean. After just a day here, you'll begin to understand why Snæfellsnes is often described as "Iceland in miniature" as there are so many incredible natural spectacles to be found, and there are endless opportunities for patient photographers.
You will spend the evening in accommodation in Snæfellsnes.
Day 3 - Snæfellsnes peninsula
On day three, your adventures on the peninsula of Snæfellsnes continue. The aim will be to cover the sights and locations that you didn't manage to see the day before, skirting along the quaint coastal villages and taking in the mighty Snæfellsjökull glacier.
As you head to the northern end of the peninsula, one of the highlights of the entire trip will come into view. With its almost-perfect cone shape, the mountain of Kirkjufell is a fairytale sight in a fairytale location.
You will have the chance to shoot it with the charming Kirkjufellsfoss Waterfall in the foreground, and Grundarfjörður Bay right behind. If you're lucky enough that your visit coincides with the Northern Lights, the whole group will get shots that will last a lifetime.
Your accommodation will once again be on the Snæfellsnes peninsula.
Day 4 - Hraunfossar – Golden circle
On day four, you will head back inland toward Iceland's famous Golden Circle. First up will be a stop at the blue waterfall of Hraunfossar. It's not so much a single waterfall as a series of cascading falls, which during the autumn months are surrounded by the many shades and tones of the season.
Only a stone's throw away is another impressive waterfall, Barnafoss. This violent churning waterfall stands in stark contrast to its tranquil neighbour and both make excellent photo subjects.
Next, you will explore the Golden Circle. Oddly for a circle, it has three points. The first is Þingvellir National Park, an area of incredible historical and geographical significance. The park marks the spot where the original Icelandic parliament was founded, and its giant fissures signal the meeting point of two continental plates.
You will then be driven up to the mighty Gullfoss, a spectacular waterfall that offers plenty of vantage points, a picturesque setting and fine mist for spectacular photography.
The final point of the Golden Circle is the Geysir geothermal area. Here there are once-in-a-lifetime opportunities for photographers patient enough to capture Strokkur, which shoots steam high into the air every ten minutes or so.
Your accommodation for the evening will be close to Geysir.
Day 5 - Vík
Day five marks a change of direction for the group, as you head south toward some of Iceland's most impressive, natural scenes. The scenic South Coast is home to dramatic black sand beaches, amazing rock formations and a number of mighty waterfalls.
You will photograph the stunning Seljalandsfoss waterfall, which has an opening behind the water to allow for some extraordinary shots from the stony recess at its back. Another waterfall, Skógafoss, is nearby too.
The group will also explore some of Iceland's finest coastline, taking in the Reynisdrangar sea stacks, the magnificent views from the stone walkway of Dyrholaey, and the breathtaking stretches of black sand beach as the group heads towards Vik and accommodation for the evening.
Day 6 - Vatnajokull National Park
When many people think if Iceland, they probably picture scenes that can be found within the Vatnajökull National Park: Fire and Ice. That's where you will head on day six. The group will spend three days in the area, which gives you a good idea of just how many sights and scenes there are to capture and enjoy.
Vatnajökull National Park is most famous for its combination of volcanoes, glaciers and icy lagoons. Vatnajökull is, in fact, Europe's largest glacier, and Iceland's highest summit, Hvannadalshnjúkur, can also be seen in the area. It's a place of magnitude and pure natural theatre.
You will retire for the evening to accommodation close to the glacier lagoon.
Day 7 - Vatnajokull National Park
Picture the scene: Glistening, miniature ice sculptures wash up on a black sand beach as the sun begins to rise. By this time, you're probably starting to understand why Vatnajökull National Park is a photographer's dream; full to the brim with different lights and colours, contrasting textures and an array of natural wonders.
On day seven the group will concentrate on the Jökulsarlon Glacier Lagoon. There you will observe enormous icebergs break free from Europe's largest ice cap and float silently out to sea on the lagoon.
You will visit the volcanic, black sand Diamond Beach and marvel at the crystal clear ice washed ashore, and hopefully, the elusive aurora borealis will come out at this stunning location.
Your accommodation for the evening will once again be close to the glacier lagoon.
Day 8 - Vatnajokull National Park
As you've probably guessed by now, there is so much to explore in the area that time will be largely spent moving from one incredible sight to another. The exact itinerary will be flexible, depending on the group's preferences, the light and the weather conditions.
One thing's for sure; few places in the world exhibit such a wide range of natural phenomena as Vatnajökull National Park, so you can be assured that your expert guides will be constantly on the hunt for the best possible photographic opportunities.
You will then travel further east to Stokksnes Beach, where we will capture the dramatic peaks of Mt. Vestrahorn alongside the crashing waves of the Atlantic Ocean. If the Northern Lights make an appearance, this could be the photo opportunity of a lifetime.
Once more, you will return to your accommodation close to Jökulsárlón glacier lagoon.
Day 9 - Vík
On day nine it's time to start heading back to drive in a westerly direction along the South Coast towards the town Vík. There are plenty of sights still to see along the shoreline, from mountain peaks, glacial outlets and mossy lava fields to wild Icelandic horses. Again, locations will be chosen accordingly, depending on conditions and timings and the preferences of the group.
Day 10 - Heading Back
On the tenth day of this photography workshop, you will head back to Iceland's capital, Reykjavík. There are plenty of sights on the way, and there will be one final chance to pick the brains of your expert guides as you capture the sunrise on Reynisfjara beach, with the Reynisdrangar sea stacks in the background.
Day 11 - Departure
After a hearty breakfast at your hotel, you will head back to Keflavík International Airport, carrying with you many unforgettable memories and a bunch of fully loaded memory cards.
We highly recommend that you get a travel and medical insurance. Your own domestic medical insurance and private health scheme will not cover you whilst you are overseas.
The tour is always dependent on weather, as the Icelandic weather can indeed be highly unpredictable. Likewise, visits to ice caves are dependent on favorable conditions, and indeed the ice caves themselves are not permanent. When it comes to the Northern Lights, while they are most likely to be seen between September and April, there is no guarantee that they will appear on a given day.
Cancellation and Refund Policy
If you cancel and the Workshop is otherwise filled, we will refund you the full amount you have paid towards the tuition, minus a $300 service charge. If you cancel and the Workshop does not fill, then you will be refunded according to the following schedule, based on the full fee of the Workshop:
Greater than 60 days from the start date of the Workshop: full refund minus $300 fee.
45 days or more: 75% refund
30 days or more: 50% refund
Less than 30 days: no refund
Refunds will be paid by the same method that the original payment was made. Refunds will be initiated within 72 hours of the time that the request is approved.
Dates and Guides
2-12 Sep 2020
2-12 Oct 2020


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