text:
Paddleboarding is fun, active and one of the UK's fastest growing watersports. If you are looking to try a new and exciting sport, this paddleboarding lesson based in the city at London's Paddington Basin is the answer. During the experience, learn all the essential paddleboarding basics from a seasoned instructor and get to grips with skills such as prone paddling, board handling techniques, self-rescue, foot position, standing up and board control. Once you're paddling like a pro (well, almost!), enjoy a guided trip along the Paddington Basin and soak in some of its very best sights including some impressive boats, canal barges and local landmarks. This emerging water-based sport is must try for any aquatic adventurer.
Runs at least one weekday per month throughout the year, with additional weekend dates May - October. With group bookings of four or more, extra dates may be available.
This experience is only ever cancelled in extreme weather conditions. If in doubt, please call before setting off. In the event of a cancellation, an alternative date can be arranged.
Numbers On Day
Share the experience with up to seven other keen paddleboarders, plus a qualified instructor.
Dress Code
Bring a swimming costume, towel, old trainers or watersports shoes, waterproof sun block, sunglasses and clothing (suitable for weather on the day).
Minimum age is 16. Participants must be able to swim a minimum of 25 metres unaided and are asked to sign a medical declaration on the day.


text:
Published in Commemoration of Nakba, Kyoto: University of Kyoto Press, 2009.
Nakba in Narratives about Zionism
by Yakov M Rabkin, University of Montreal (Canada)*
The amply documented and recorded facts of Nakba are treated elsewhere in this volume, leaving this paper to focus on the place of Nakba in four narratives related to Zionism. Contests over narratives of Nakba reflect significant imbalance of power between the perpetrators and the victims, the imbalance, which has become greater since 1948. These unequal power relations are reflected not only in the striking difference of military materiel deployed by the Israeli army and the Palestinians, but also in the public acknowledgement of the respective narratives of the conflict in Israel/Palestine. Silencing, renaming and forgetting are effective tools in the hands of the powerful.
Jews who opposed Zionism in principle and from the very beginning developed the first of the four narratives. The second, Zionist, narrative belongs to a group that appears ideologically diverse: cultural Zionists, socialist Zionists, religious Zionists, right-wing or the so-called Revisionist Zionists. The latter group's ideology has won out and is today associated with Zionism tout court. The third narrative emerged from former Zionists who have revised their old beliefs and have often regretted their old actions. Finally, the paper turns to the oldest, the largest, and perhaps the most influential group of Zionists – Christian Zionists in dozens of countries – whose number is many times greater than the entire Jewish population in the world.
Was Nakba predictable?
The first Zionist congress took place in 1897 in Basel, Switzerland. The unlikely venue was due to the pressure of German Jews on their country's government to forbid such a gathering in Germany: Zionism was undermining their social gains while reinforcing the anti-Semites' claim that Jews did not belong in Germany. In the wake of the congress, Vienna's rabbinical circles sent two emissaries to Palestine to inspect the territory. They sent a laconic cable back to Vienna: "The bride is beautiful, but she is married to another man." They discovered that the land was not empty but occupied by a variety of ethnic and religious groups.
When the first atheist Zionists from Russia reached Palestine, they encountered two kinds of reaction. Some locals saw them as Europeans who might bring prosperity, and their initial attitude was "wait and see". The other reaction was total rejection: no contact whatsoever with the newcomers. The first group consisted mostly of Palestinian Arabs. The other group comprised old-time Jewish inhabitants of Palestine. They saw in the arrival of Zionist settlers a theological, a social and a political threat. According to the Israeli historian Yosef Salmon,
… the Zionist threat offered the gravest danger, for it sought to rob the traditional community of its very birthright, both in the Diaspora and in Eretz Israel, the object of its messianic hopes. Zionism challenged all the aspects of traditional Judaism: in its proposal of a modern, national Jewish identity; in the subordination of traditional society to new life-styles; and in its attitude to the religious concepts of Diaspora and redemption. The Zionist threat reached every Jewish community. It was unrelenting and comprehensive, and therefore it met with uncompromising opposition.[1]
Zionist settlers and visionaries have often been accused of coining the phrase "a land without a people for a people without a land". Curiously, however, the earliest published use of the phrase appears to have been made by a Church of Scotland clergyman Alexander Keith in his 1843 book The Land of Israel According to the Covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.[2] By the late nineteenth century, the phrase was in common use in both Great Britain and the United States among Christians, including a few anti-Semites, interested in "returning" Jews to Palestine. In her 1902 novel, The Zionist, English writer Winifred Graham (1873-1950) has her Jewish hero stand before the Zionist congress and advocate for the return of "the people without a country to the country without a people. The first use of the phrase by a Jew occurred only in 1901 when Israel Zangwill, probably echoing such Christian writings, wrote in the New Liberal Review in London that "Palestine is a country without a people; the Jews are a people without a country."[3] Regardless of its actual use by the Zionist activists, the phrase appears as a grim prophecy in view of the fate allotted to non-Jews in Palestine.
Quite a few Jewish Zionists had warned against committing injustice against Palestine's indigenous population. Ahad Haam (Asher Ginsberg, 1856-1927), one of the early supporters of Zionism in Russia, later became an articulate critic of its political and military wings. His first article criticizing practical Zionism, called "Lo ze hadderekh" ("This is not the way"), appeared in 1889. Soon after his 1891 journey to the area he warned against the 'great error', noticeable among Jewish settlers, of treating the fellahin with contempt, of regarding 'all Arabs as savages of the desert, a people similar to a donkey.'[4] This colonialist condescendence permeated the Zionist enterprise, and remains largely unabated in Israeli society to this day.
In his essay, The Truth From the Land of Israel, Ahad Haam says that it is an illusion to think of Palestine as an empty country: "We tend to believe abroad that Palestine is nowadays almost completely deserted, a non-cultivated wilderness, and anyone can come there and buy as much land as his heart desires. But in reality this is not the case. It is difficult to find anywhere in the country Arab land which lies fallow…"[5]
The behaviour of Jewish settlers toward the Arabs disturbed him. They had not learned from experience as a minority within a wider population, but acted with malice and disdain. The Arabs, he wrote, understood very well what Zionist intentions were in the country and "if the time should come when the lives of our people in Palestine should develop to the extent that, to a smaller or greater degree they usurp the place of the local population, the latter will not yield easily…We have to treat the local population with love and respect, justly and rightly. And what do our brethren in the land of Israel do? Exactly the opposite! Slaves they were in the country of exile, and suddenly they find themselves in a boundless and anarchic freedom, as is always the case with a slave that has become king; and they behave toward the Arabs with hostility and cruelty."
Similarly, in an article published in Ha-Shiloah in 1907, Yitzhak Epstein, a Russian-born teacher who had settled in Palestine in 1886, voiced an anxiety that was brushed aside by his Zionist contemporaries but has refused to vanish. Epstein believed it was a serious error to minimize the loyalty of "a strong, resolute and zealous" people to Palestine: "While we harbour fierce sentiments toward the land of our fathers, we forget that the nation now living there is also endowed with a sensitive heart and loving soul. The Arab, like other men, is strongly attached to his homeland."[6]
Anti-Zionist Jewish Narratives
During the first decades of Zionism, the leaders of the Old Yishuv[7] saw the Jewish settlers, and not the Arab population, as the looming threat. Palestinian rabbis left no doubt about the origins of the violence that flared in the Holy Land: the Zionists had needlessly provoked the nations. In fact, the emergence of Zionism and its rapid, extraordinary success strengthened the circles of pious Jews in their rejection of all military action.
Some of the positions taken by these Haredim[8] are quite close those of the Israeli "peace camp." A document produced by the anti-Zionist group Neturei Karta asserts that
The Zionist movement was not only a heretical departure from Judaism […] It was monstrously blind to the indigenous inhabitants of the Holy Land. In the 1890s, less than 5% of the Holy Land's population was Jewish, yet, Theodore Herzl had the nerve to describe his movement as that of "a people without a land for a land without a people." Time and again both Revisionist and Labour Zionists, the former overtly and the latter under the clouds of deceptive rhetoric, have sought the elimination of the Palestinian people from their state. They have dispossessed thousands and refused them the right of return or minimum compensation. […] This aggression has plunged the region into its never-ending spiral of bloodshed.[9]
During the fighting provoked by the unilateral declaration of independence by Ben-Gurion in 1948, some Haredim not only refused to join the Zionist forces but also demonstrated with white flags in the streets of Jerusalem. Unlike the National-Religious Israelis, who send their children to the army, the Haredim are, with a few exceptions, absent from Israel's military to this day.
One the Hasidic leaders, the Gur Rebbe, encouraged his followers who wished to establish themselves in the Holy Land before the arrival of Zionists. He considered the Arabs a friendly, hospitable people. This relative harmony is also visible in recent works of history dealing with Palestinian society before the proclamation of the state of Israel.[10] The memory of cordial relations with Arabs neighbours continues to animate the anti-Zionists who decry the strong-arm approach inherent in the exclusive nature of the State.
The Six Day War, which continued the displacement of Palestine's Arabs, caused alarm, rather than jubilation, among many Haredim. Rabbi Amram Blau (1894–1974), born in Jerusalem, who opposed Zionism and went on to found the Neturei Karta movement in the 1930s, altogether refused to recognize the state of Israel. Frequently imprisoned for his vocal protests, he called upon Israel to return the territories without delay:
If the Zionists had even an iota of common sense [...], they would invite the Arab states to form, with them, a confederation that would embrace the Palestinians, who would thus recover their rights. Peace should be made when one is strong. Now, they [the Zionists] are strong. But they will not do so, because they are prideful, and will refuse to make the slightest concession. They prefer to place the lives of millions of Jews in danger rather than to ever see an Arab as president of such a confederation. By this spectacular, lightening war they imagine they have won. There can be no doubt that today they are at the height of their power. It is at this point that their descent will begin. It will not belong before they witness all the problems their conquests will bring. The hatred of the Arabs will deepen, and they will seek revenge. The Zionists now have hundreds of thousands of enemies within their borders. All of us who live here are now in great danger.[11]
In reaction to the violent images that have become a part of the second Intifada, anti-Zionist rabbis have redoubled their efforts to dissociate Judaism and Jews in general from the actions of the Israeli armed forces. Among their tactics is the purchase of advertising space in English-language publications in Europe and North America to denounce the violence, which they unambiguously attribute to the ambitions of the Zionists in creating and perpetuating the state of Israel. At a demonstration organized by the Coalition of American Arab and Muslim Organizations in February 2002, a leaflet distributed by anti-Zionist Haredim argued:
Its [state of Israel's] cruel treatment of the Palestinian people is against the Creator's imperative that we deal justly and kindly with all men. To all our Arab and Islamic brethren around the world, let the message go forth today, that your quarrel is not with the Jewish people, the people of the Torah. We stand with you in your suffering. We feel your pain. We are with you.
Let there be no more innocent victims, neither Palestinian nor Jew. Let us pray that the Zionist state will, with God's help, soon become a distant and dismal memory.[12]
For all their modest numbers, the anti-Zionist activists have been successful in transmitting their message of reconciliation with the Palestinians and of condemnation of Israeli military operations to a huge Arab and Muslim audience. Likewise, they have given interviews to the al-Jazeera network, which are broadcast throughout the Arab-speaking world, on Iranian television and in innumerable newspapers and magazines.
The rabbinical critique of the violence engendered by Zionism is at times difficult to distinguish from that of secular movements, both Jewish and Arab. Amram Blau of Neturei Karta in Jerusalem accused the Zionists of having no respect for human life: "[...] they have proven to be irresponsible, extended their rule over parts of the Holy Land, which had been inhabited by Arabs, and thereupon brought the entire Arab world into conflict with the Jewish community."[13]
The analysis of another contemporary witness, Hannah Arendt, a secular German Jew assimilated into Western culture, barely differs:
And even if the Jews were to win the war, […] [t]he "victorious" Jews would live surrounded by an entirely hostile Arab population, secluded inside ever-threatened borders, absorbed with physical self-defence. […] And all this would be the fate of a nation that- no matter how many immigrants it could still absorb and how far it extended its boundaries (the whole of Palestine and Transjordan is the insane Revisionist demand) – would still remain a very small people greatly outnumbered by hostile neighbours.[14]
Both the rabbinical authorities and secular Jewish intellectuals have often used the same arguments to condemn Nakba and to show its ultimate futility.
Veteran left-wing anti-Zionist Haim Hanegbi concludes:
There is something very deep here in our attitude to the indigenous people of this land that drives us out of our minds. There is something gigantic here that doesn't allow us truly to recognize the Palestinians, that doesn't allow us to make peace with them. And that something has to do with the fact that even before the return of the land and the houses and the money, the settlers' first act of expiation toward the natives of this land must be to restore to them their dignity, their memory, their justness.[15]
Zionist Narratives
The precursor of the currently dominant strand in Zionism, Vladimir Jabotinsky (1880–1940), Russian author and politician, was under no illusions about a "land without people." He recognized that, in the long run, Zionism must displace the indigenous inhabitants of Palestine. Jabotinsky understood the Arab objections to Zionism, but his goal was the achievement of a Jewish state, not the pursuit of some humanitarian ideal. He declared: "We cannot promise any reward either to the Arabs of Palestine or to Arabs abroad. A voluntary agreement is unattainable, and thus those who regard an accord with the Arabs as a condition sine qua non of Zionism must admit to themselves today that this condition cannot be attained hence we must eschew Zionism. We must either suspend our settlement efforts or continue them without paying attention to the mood of the natives. Settlement can develop under the protection of a force which is not dependent on the local population, behind an iron wall which they will be powerless to break down." Jabotinsky's version of Zionism eventually prevailed and has turned out to be the only enduring one. His disciples were among the most enthusiastic perpetrators of the military actions that constituted Nakba.
Self-righteous insistence on exclusive rights to a country was common in the interwar Europe. Jabotinsky's youth movement Betar was nurtured on the same ethnic nationalist sentiment as then inhabited many Poles, Latvians and Hungarians. Moreover, revisionist Zionists dovetailed with other nationalist movements since they shared a common conceptual framework – Jews were deemed foreigners by both – and competed neither for the same people, nor for the same territory. A contemporary recalls how two uniformed militants, one of Betar, the other of the Young Lithuanians, met in a small town of the interwar Lithuania. They looked at each other and then each lifted the right arm in a fascist salute.[16] It is well known that Jabotinsky was an enthusiastic admirer of Mussolini. Fascist is how several Israeli commentators characterize not only West Bank Zionist settlers but also the new Israeli government formed largely from among the political heirs of Jabotinsky in Spring 2009.
From the beginning, the pioneers had projected onto Palestinian reality the clichés of bygone Russia: the Arab threat was often likened to the murderous shadow of the pogroms. But their actions were like those of all settler groups in a foreign territory; they took up arms and assumed responsibility for the defence and expansion of their settlements. The arrival of masses of European Jews following World War II, and the Zionist interpretation of the genocide of Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe created a cultural fusion of immense power: a self-image of the righteous victim. In reality, that was a transformed borrowing from the rabbinical tradition, which presents the Jew as weak in physical strength, but powerful in his confidence in God. As is often the case, the Zionist version inverts the original idea.
In their war with the Arabs in Palestine, Jewish settlers, of primarily Russian origin, believed they were acting in the name of Western civilization. Their determination to impart Culture and Progress on "the Arab savages" has remained a major theme in the Russian language press in Israel, which today boasts more than one million Russian-speaking inhabitants. It is largely this constituency that elected prominent right-wingers who formed the current government of Israel. Russian-speakers are particularly reluctant to acknowledge anything wrong in the circumstances of the establishment of Israel in 1948.
The broadened legitimacy of the use of force set the Jews of Russia apart from those of other countries where armed resistance against non-Jews was neither necessary, nor even conceivable. Russia in the late 19th century was home to millions of Jews ruled by a corrupt bureaucracy. The great majority experienced both impatience and exasperation in the face of the limitations and persecutions they were forced to endure. The shock, anger and frustration touched off by violence against Russian Jews led many of them to radical, often clandestine parties that preached the systematic use of violence.[17] Jews flooded into the Russian oppositionist movements, but at the same time founded several specifically Jewish ones. They engaged in terrorist activities against tsarist officials, and developed an expertise that some of the early Zionist settlers brought with them later to the Holy Land.
Jews from Russia made up not only the majority of those who founded the state of Israel; they also became the backbone of the military elite. The man who did more than any other Zionist to introduce unbridled terror into Palestine was the Russian Avraham Stern (1907-1942), a member and founder of several paramilitary groupings. Traces of the Russian cultural influence are likewise visible in more recent history: Moshe Dayan, Ezer Weizmann, Isaac Rabin (1922-1995), Rehavam Zeevi (1926-2001), Raphael Eitan and Ariel Sharon are all descendents of Russian Jews, whose propensity for the use of force can only be matched by their estrangement from Jewish tradition. The two distinguishing features were, at the time, closely related: only by completely rejecting Judaism, with its cult of humility, could Jews acquire unprecedented confidence in their own strength, and in their capacity to re-conquer and defend Israel. Russian Jewish contribution to Zionism has been truly fundamental.
The generation that followed the pioneers in Palestine mirrored the dream of the founders: the next generation saw itself as pragmatic, enjoying excellent physical form, aggressive, and ready to take up arms. Each succeeding generation was less ambiguous than the one before it about the use of armed force: "You can't build a state wearing white gloves … The job is not always clean and morally attractive," wrote Nathan Alterman, a leading poet and pillar of the Israeli cultural establishment.[18]
Millions of young Jews have been taught an unfounded myth, according to which Palestinians Arabs left their land because Arab leaders had called on them to do so. This myth has been part of the curriculum both in Israel and in Zionist schools elsewhere. The United Nations resolution obliging Israel to accept the returning refugees is nearly forgotten. This is what is still taught in most Zionist schools in the world while in Israel timid changes began to appear in the last few years. The Oslo Process as well as the work of Israel's New Historians who documented Nakba made these changes possible.
In July 2007, Israel's Education Ministry authorized Arab schools to use a history book featuring the establishment of the state of Israel as being disastrous for the Palestinians. The third-grade book, Living together in Israel, states that some Arab residents were driven out of their homes and became refugees and that Israel confiscated much of their land. The book states:
When the war ended, the Jews prevailed and Israel and its neighbours signed a truce… the Arabs call the war the 'Nakba', meaning the war of disaster and destruction. The Jews call it the War of Independence.[19]
The ministry's decision sparked harsh criticism: National Religious Party Chairman MK Zevulun Orlev said this decision was "anti-Zionist and went against the very existence of Israel as a Jewish state." The current Foreign Minister Avigdor Liberman accused "the political left" of constantly looking for ways to justify the other side, when we have nothing to apologize for… we did what we had to." However, his party fellow Yisrael Hasson contested that "trying to hide Nakba is like trying to hide the sun with a curtain," referring to criticism of Liberman. According to Hasson, refusing to acknowledge the Palestinian side of the story "greatly harms the credibility of our (Israel's) establishment. Every child in Umm Al-Fahm (Arab city inside Israel) knows about Nakba – he grew up with it from the day he was born, and he also knows that his country is ignoring it."[20]
In Liberman's short, angry retort, Zionism's internal tensions, and the relationship between ideology and narrative, are laid bare. For the Zionist right, the textbook is to be denounced, not because it is peddling untruths, but rather because it questions the morality of "doing what we had to" – the ethnic cleansing required to secure a Jewish-majority state in Palestine. The Zionist left, meanwhile, as Liberman correctly points out, is happy to apologize for Nakba, without lifting a finger towards actual restitution — much less questioning the ethno-supremacist fabric of the Zionist state. The hopeless decline of the Zionist left suggests the incompatibility of exclusive ethnic nationalism with basic values of the left. Former members of the Zionist left are either no longer leftist or no longer Zionists.
In most Zionist narratives Nakba is a problematic term. Quite a few Zionists see it as a zero-sum game: either accept the responsibility for Nakba and leave the country or negate the very fact of expulsion and dispossession of the Palestinians. This may explain why no electoral hopeful politician in Israel has expressed any remorse for Nakba. The story of the Israeli textbook bears this out and highlights the fundamental difficulty Nakba poses throughout the Zionist spectrum.
And yet, public conversation in Israel allows more space to acknowledge Nakba than can be even hinted at in public in the United States and many Western countries, where serious critique of Zionism is often branded anti-Semitic and expelled beyond the pale of acceptable discourse. A recent study conducted from Columbia University in New York found 39% of Israeli Jews surveyed believe expulsion by Israel was one of the factors leading to the 1948 exodus, in addition to Palestinian fear and the call of Arabs/Palestinian leaders to leave. An additional 8% believe the refugees were primarily expelled, adding up for a total of 47% that believe expulsion took place. In contrast, only 41% accept the Zionist narrative that rejects even partial expulsion and claims Palestinians left due to their own accord. However, only 4% of the surveyed found that Zionists were primarily responsible for Nakba, while 46% believe that both parties are equally responsible, and 43% blame "the Arabs". [21]
Travelling in Israel, one may find signposts, landmarks and memorials that create and sustain the Jewish-Israeli narrative. Jewish or Israeli events are celebrated through many memorials[22] while Palestinian memorials are nowhere to be seen. Moreover, there is an attempt to erase this memory from the collective consciousness and from the landscape. Since Nakba still had little place in the language, the landscape, the environment, and the memory of most Jews in Israel, a Jewish organisation named Zochrot (Memories) was established in 2002 to fight against the Israeli society's denial of Nakba. Zochrot activists believe that "learning about Nakba is an important step for Jews living in Israel. … But learning is not enough. Nakba is not the story of another people that took place somewhere else — it is a story that we, as Israeli Jews, are responsible for. Learning, without taking responsibility, is to me not enough."[23]
Zochrot activists call on their Jewish compatriots to "acknowledge the personal and collective right of return for every refugee that was expelled, and hoping for the implementation of this right, either by returning the lands, paying compensation or implementing actual return. These make learning about Nakba a viable stepping-stone to reconciliation."
Zochrot argues that Nakba is the 'ground zero' of the Israeli-Palestine conflict. Awareness and recognition of Nakba by Jewish-Israeli people, and taking responsibility for this tragedy, are essential to ending the struggle and starting a process of reconciliation between the people of Palestine-Israel.
This position is complicated by the widespread fear of undermining Israel as a Jewish state. Allowing Palestinian refugees to return would change the demographic balance in Israel and transform the ethnocratic nature of the Israeli state. However, Zochrot activists believe that life in this new state would be better for both Palestinians and Israelis.[24]
At the same time, the incessant conflict and the devoted activism of the National Religious movement have had a profound effect on Judaism in Israel and elsewhere. During the attack on Gaza in Winter 2009, it was the official rabbinate that distributed to Israeli soldiers materials inciting hatred and legitimating murder of civilians.[25] Many Jews are yet to come to terms with the contradictions between the religion of Judaism they profess to believe in and the Zionist ideology that has in fact taken hold of them.
Thus religious arguments have come to strengthen the realpolitik justifications of the Palestinians' suffering. An interesting case in this respect is that of Benny Morris, the Israeli historian who documented Nakba. He regrets that the ethnic cleansing in Palestine has not been as thorough as the expulsion of ethnic Germans from Poland and Czechoslovakia, which, according to him, benefited from this forced migration. Morris wonders "whether, had 1948 ended differently — with the total separation of the two peoples and the creation of a Palestinian state in what is today Jordan — both peoples would have enjoyed richer and freer lives. Perhaps, content with statehood, the Palestinians would have gradually dropped the struggle."[26]
Former Zionists
While Benny Morris remains unrepentant, this is not the case of Avrum Burg, former Speaker of Israel's parliament and the Charman of the World Zionist Organization. Mostly in reaction to the violence against the Palestinians, he acknowledges the injustice of Nakba, decries Zionism as suicidal for Israel's Jews, and sings praise of the multicultural Europe and North America.[27]
Professor Shlomo Sand of the Tel-Aviv University suggests in his recent book that the concept of the Jewish people is no more than an invention for the benefit of the Zionist enterprise. Zionism, at the time, represented a nationalist movement with four principal objectives: 1) to transform the trans-national Jewish identity centred on the Torah into a national identity modelled on those of the other nations of Europe; 2) to develop a new vernacular tongue, a common national language; 3) to transfer the Jews from their countries of origin to Palestine; and, 4) to establish political and economic control over the Holy Land. While other European nationalists needed only to struggle for control of their countries, populated by relatively compact groups speaking respective national languages, Zionists faced a far greater challenge in attempting to achieve its first three objectives simultaneously.
Sand argues that the idea of a Jewish ethnic nation — whose need for a safe haven was used to justify the founding of the state of Israel — is a myth invented little more than a century ago.[28] Theological exile, exile of the spirit, which figures prominently in Jewish tradition, was thus transformed into material dispersion of bodies, belonging to a nation framed in European terms. Moreover, Sand brings an earlier source, which suggests that the most probable biological descendants of the Biblical Hebrews of two millennia ago are Palestinian Arabs. This idea, propounded in the early 1920s by the future Zionist luminaries David Ben-Gurion and Itzhak Ben-Zvi, makes Nakba not only tragic, but also ironic.
Sand, a secular Israeli, adds that the modern Zionist idea of Jews being obligated to return from exile to the Promised Land was entirely alien to Judaism. His book questions the legitimacy of the state of Israel as an ethnocracy, i.e. a state of the Jewish people. This complements a recent history of Jewish religious opposition to Zionism, which shows the Zionist project as a drastic break with traditional Judaism rather than an element of Jewish continuity.[29] The narrative of former Zionists undermines the legitimacy of "a Jewish and democratic state", a concept in the name of which Nakba was committed, denied and continues to be justified.
Christian Zionists
The phenomenon of Christian Zionism antedates Herzl's political project but the political prominence of this initial version of Zionism is rather recent. Just a few decades ago, an Israeli political scientist could use the Christian belief in the Second Coming as an example of quietism:
[...]… Jews did not relate to the vision of the Return in a more active way than most Christians viewed the Second Coming. As a symbol of belief, integration, and group identity it was a powerful component of the value system; but as an activating element of historical praxis and changing reality through history, it was wholly quietistic.[30]
Nowadays, Christian evangelicals take Second Coming of Jesus as an immediate goal, which is to be attained through the ingathering of Jews in the Holy Land. This explains the unconditional support that millions of Christians around the world offer not only to the state of Israel, but to the most militant Zionist settlers bent on "liberating" the entire territory between the Jordan and the Mediterranean. It is hardly surprising that Nakba finds even less place in the narrative of Christian Zionism than in the official Israeli discourse.
For the Evangelical preacher Jerry Falwell, the founding of the state of Israel in 1948 has been the most crucial event in history since the ascension of Jesus to heaven, and "proof that the second coming of Jesus Christ is nigh. [...] Without a state of Israel in the Holy Land, there cannot be the second coming of Jesus Christ, nor can there be a Last Judgement, nor the End of the World."[31] This enthusiastic support is overtly motivated by a single consideration: that the return of the Jews to the Holy Land should be a prelude to their acceptance of Christ, or, for those who fail to do so, to their physical destruction. According to a somewhat sarcastic Israeli author, their scenario is a drama in five acts, where the Jews disappear in the fourth.[32]
The National-Religious Zionists—and the most highly motivated among them, the settlers in the West Bank—are driven by their own messianic vision and find a common ground with their Christian supporters. The state of Israel officially cultivates the Christian Zionists who, in turn, give it an unconditional support in many countries. "As soon as I say the word 'Israel', they cry out 'Hallelujah!" an Israeli diplomat responsible for these contacts assured me. "You cannot imagine an audience better disposed toward us."
While the influence of Christian Zionists may have waned in the wake of the departure of George W. Bush from the White House, their political and financial role in encouraging the continuation of Nakba through Zionist settlement in the West Bank remains pivotal. The most important organization active nowadays is Christians United for Israel: its otherwise informative web site about Israel does not mention Nakba.[33]
Christian Zionists in their enthusiasm to provide a political expression for the affirmation of "Judeo-Christian values" find themselves at the forefront of Islamophobia. This makes Nakba even less visible in their worldview since the conflict in Israel/Palestine is presented not as a political conflict about land and water but as a result of the religious, ostensibly eternal, anti-Jewish hatred rooted in Islam. Palestinian resistance is framed as another manifestation of the Clash of Civilizations.
Christian Zionist commitment to Israel cannot be shaken by anything the Israeli government or the Israeli army may do to Palestinians. While for quite a few Jews, Israel is a real place with friends and relatives living there, for Christian Zionists, the state of Israel is the embodiment of Biblical prophecy, a virtual Israel. This idealisation of the state of Israel by Christian Zionists, and to a lesser degree, by Jewish Zionists, may constitute the most important religious obstacle to peace in the Middle East.
Conclusions and recommendations
More and more Israeli Jews are now said to favour the deportation of the Palestinians, both Israeli citizens and others, to the neighbouring Arab countries and the outright annexation of the Territories occupied in 1967. Still, such a perspective remains repugnant to many Jews in Israel and, particularly, elsewhere in the world. Some of them have concluded that to maintain the state of Israel, as it is presently constituted, requires measures that are no longer acceptable to those who try to uphold morality. It is becoming more and more difficult to justify Israel's actions with respect to the Palestinians. As the Chief Rabbi of Britain Jonathan Sacks once remarked, "righteousness and self-righteousness are mutually exclusive."
The victim of the first political murder attributed to the Zionists was a Jew, Jacob De Haan, a socialite who represented the traditional Jewish communities in Palestine to the British and international authorities. A Hagana operative shot him in Jerusalem in 1923 as he was leaving a synagogue after prayer. Rejecting the idea of a Jewish state, he was bringing together Haredi and Arab leaders to work for the preservation of the ethnic and confessional diversity in Palestine, which had ensured peace in the land. The spectre of Jewish-Arab coexistence must have struck terror in the hearts of the leading Zionists, and De Haan was assassinated.
It follows that Zionist intellectuals have come to misrepresent the history of Jews in Muslim, especially Arab, lands as an incessant litany of persecution and humiliation. A constituent element of Islamophobia, this campaign aims at undermining prospects of a common state for Jews and Arabs that the realisation of the right to return of Palestinian refugees would inevitably bring about. While recognising the fact, albeit not the causes, of Nakba, this campaign also aims at presenting the uprooting of Jewish communities in most Arab countries in the wake of the establishment of Israel as an expulsion on the part of "the Arabs". A sort of ex post facto justice is then postulated: Nakba has been compensated by the migration of Jews from Arab countries to Israel.
Some advocates of the rights of Palestinians may inadvertently reinforce Zionist narrative. The use of anti-Semitic images and books borrowed from Europe and translated into Arabic not only strengthens Islamophobia, but also confirms the Zionists' claim about the impossibility of Jewish-Arab coexistence. It discredits the Palestinian cause and makes Nakba acceptable as a necessary evil. On the contrary, emphasis on the history of harmony between Jews and Arabs, on decoupling Judaism from Zionism and Jews from the state of Israel, tends to undermine Zionist rhetoric. The Zionists' insistence on separate development would then appear unwarranted and anachronistic. Anti-Semitism not only undermines the legitimacy of the opposition to Zionism and the exclusive Zionist state. It provides Zionism with its most potent raison d'être.
Zionism has divided the Jews more than any other issue in recent memory. This offers an opportunity to mobilise the support of many Jews, particularly if the plight of the Palestinian refugees is presented as an issue of individual human rights rather than of conflicting nationalisms. Members of a Palestinian family that lost its house in Jerusalem or Safed for no fault of their own would provoke more natural sympathy than political sentiments. Framing Nakba in humanitarian, rather than nationalist, terms is likely to be more effective in bringing about restitution.
The sympathy of many people, including Jews, lies with the long-suffering Palestinians. A documented story of Nakba must strengthen this identification. While it is known that Muslims saved Jews during the Hebron massacre in 1929, there is apparently no record of Palestinian Jews sheltering Palestinian Muslims and Christians from the assault of Zionist forces in 1948. This may be due to the long-standing denial of Nakba in Israeli society and to the difficulty of incorporating the memory of such acts of solidarity in the heroic Israeli narrative. I recently interviewed a female member of the Lehi group[34] who was participating in the ethnic cleansing in 1948. She told me how she had saved a village woman from rape by a Lehi commander, but a record of such episodes remains to be established. This would represent a contribution to the history of "discourses and practices of gendered nation-making and ethno-racial ideas".[35] Rape has been a common means of terrorizing populations and making families flee "of their own volition".
At the same time, Israeli authorities are turning less tolerant with respect to dissident Jews. The police raided feminist organizations helping Israeli girls avoid military service. Israel barred entry to the UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights Richard Falk, who considers the treatment of Palestinians as a war crime, and to the American academic Norman Finkelstein, the author of The Holocaust Industry and an outspoken critic of Israel's impunity.
Both of them are Jews, and their expulsion from Israel clashes with the claim of the Zionist state to be a haven for world Jewry. In the event, the majority of Jews prefer to live in their countries rather than in the perennially tumultuous "state of the Jewish people". Jews played an active role in combating prejudice and discrimination in many countries, and they also benefited from the fruit of these activities. That some of them support ethno-religious discrimination in the state of Israel appears at best as cognitive dissonance, and at worst as blatant double standard. This is why a growing number of Jews, particularly among the young, are critical of what Israel is and does. In the name of whom was then Nakba perpetrated? In the name of whom has the Holy Land been plunged in a bloody crisis for over a century? These questions are particularly relevant to commemoration of Nakba.
* His most recent book A Threat from Within: A Century of Jewish Opposition to Zionism, London: Zedbooks, was nominated for Canada's Governor General Award in 2006. The book is also available in Arabic, Dutch, French, Italian, Polish and Spanish. Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese and Russian editions are currently underway.
[1] Yosef Salmon, "Zionism and anti-Zionism in Traditional Judaism in Eastern Europe," in Shmuel Almog et al, ed., Zionism and Religion, Hanover, NH, Brandeis University Press of New England, 1998, p. 25.
[2] Diana Muir, ""A Land without a People for a People without a Land", Middle East Quarterly, Spring 2008, pp. 55-62.
[3] Ibid.
[4] Anita Shapira, Land and power: The Zionist resort to force, 1881-1948, Oxford University Press, 1992 p.42
[5] Allan C. Brownfeld, "Zionism at 100: The Myth of Palestine as "A Land Without People", Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, March 1998, pp. 29-31.
[6] Ibid.
[7] Yishuv, "colony, settlement": term designating Jewish settlements in the Land of Israel; the Old Yishuv consisted of the Jewish population before the arrival of the Zionists in the 1880s.
[8] Haredi, pl. Haredim, lit. "strictly observant": common appellation of all traditional Jewish groups; visually distinguishable by a binary dress code: black and white; they are often referred to in the media as "ultra-orthodox."
[9] Yisroel Dovid Weiss, "Rescuing Judaism from Zionism: A Religious Leader's View," American Free Press, August 2, 2002.
[10] See Aharon Rosenberg, ed., Mishkenot ha-ro'yim, New York, Nechmod, 1984–1987, vol. 3, p. 1071, and Tom Segev One Palestine, complete: Jews and Arabs under the British Mandate, New York, Metropolitan Books, 2000.
[11] Ruth Blau, Les gardiens de la cité: histoire d'une guerre sainte, Paris, Flammarion, 1978, p. 234.
[12] Neturei Karta, "Orthodox Jews to Burn Israeli Flag in International Ceremony,"
Declaration, February 23, 2002.
[13] Amram Blau, "A Call from Jerusalem," The [Jewish] Guardian, no. 1 (April 1974).
[14] Arendt, Hannah, "To Save the Jewish Homeland" (published May 1948), in Jew as
Pariah, New York, Grove Press, 1978, p. 187.
[15] Haaretz, 8 December 2003.
[16] Ванагас, Римантас, Не отвернись от себя, Вильнюс: Витурис, 1995, pp. 69-70.
[17] K.C. Tessendorf, Kill the Tsar : Youth and Terrorism in Old Russia, New York, Atheneum, 1986.
[18] Shapira, op. cit., p. 368.
[19] Zelikovich, Moran, "Education Ministry okays new textbook featuring Nakba", Ynet, July 22, 2007 (http://www.ynet.co.il/english/articles/0,7340,L-3428223,00.html)
[20] Mohammed Mar'i , "Israel approves new textbook featuring Nakba" Arab News
July 26, 2007 (http://www.commongroundnews.org/article.php?sid=0&id=21396)
[21] "Study Surprisingly Finds 47% of Israeli-Jews Believe that the 1948 Palestinian Refugees were Expelled by Israel", Teachers College, Columbia University, Press Release, April 6, 2009 (http://www.tc.edu/news/article.htm?id=6811)
[22] There is even a memorial to Dr Baruch Goldstein, who gunned down dozens of peaceful Muslim worshippers in Hebron.
[23] http://www.Nakbainhebrew.org/index.php?lang=english
[24] Musih, Norma, "Learning Nakba as a condition for peace and reconciliation", http://www.Nakbainhebrew.org/index.php?id=642
[25] Ben Lynfield, "Army rabbi 'gave out hate leaflet to troops' ", The Independent, January 27, 2009. (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/army-rabbi-gave-out-hate-leaflet-to-troops-1516805.html)
[26] Benny Morris, "In '48, Israel Did What It Had to Do", Los Angeles Times, January 26, 2004, p. B11.
[27] Avraham Burg, The Holocaust is Over; We Must Rise From Its Ashes, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
[28] Shlomo Sand, Comment le peuple juif fut inventé, Paris, Fayard, 2008.
[29] Yakov M. Rabkin, A Threat from Within: A Century of Jewish Opposition to Zionism, London: Zedbooks, 2006.
[30] Avineri, Shlomo, The Making of Modern Zionism: The Intellectual Origins of the Jewish
State, New York, Basic Books, 1981, p. 4.
[31] Tremblay, Rodrigue, Pourquoi Bush veut la guerre, Montreal: Les Intouchables, 2003, p. 118.
[32] Gorenberg, Gershon, The End of Days, New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
[33] http://www.cufi.org/site/PageServer
[34] One of the more militant Zionist militias.
[35] Joanna De Groot, "Comparing Forced Removals", in: Richard Bessel and Claudia B. Haake, eds., Removing Peoples: Forced Removal in the Modern World, London: Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 422.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
At the hub of our Poster and Large Format Printing department is our state-of-the-art Epson 9890. This machine has a 9 channel print head using Epson Ultrachrome Inks and is calibrated to our litho presses meaning that your Giclée Prints, Posters, Pop-Ups, Banners, Canvases, etc, will be of the highest quality without the cost of plates and litho production.
Design by Sean Sims
Why should I ask RePrint to print my Posters, Signage, Canvas & Large Format Requirements?
Design by Sean Sims
How can I deliver the documents I need to print to RePrint?
Please send us your files by e-mail to:
firstname.lastname@example.com or upload to our FTP site File Upload
Alternatively they can be sent or delivered in person to our office on a CD, DVD or USB flash drive.
For further details and prices please call us on 01273 504974.
Visually stunning and attention grabbing Pop-Up Banners (also known as Pull Up Banners and Roller Banners) are perfect for the work place and indoor exhibitions.
Tough and hard wearing Vinyl Banners will draw attention to your company or event and can be used internally or externally. They are hemmed and eyeletted for quick and easy fitting in almost any environment.
For high impact external use, Sail Banners will catch the eye of many potential clients.
Design by Sean Sims
Need a pop up banner template or help setting up artwork?
Download our 850mm Pop Up Banner Template below.
Or visit our design page for advice and tips.
If you need design related help or advice, please give us a call on 01273 504974 or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Woody Skateboards
Skateboarding has lost it's roots. The surfers who started to surf the concrete waves had that 'one with nature' and DIY spirit. Which is long gone with some skateboard brands of today. With Woody Skateboards we want to bring this spirit back to skateboarding.
Woody Skateboards are all handmade from 100% locally grown timber. The trees were felled because they were in the way of capitalism or a new road. Every board is unique because the wood dictates the way they look. From each board the origin of it's wood is known, as well as the age of the tree and reason why it was felled. The shapes are derived from the early boards of the sixties and seventies. But the ride is from these days with the best wheels and setup to surf the concrete waves.
Regie, camera & montage
Joost van der Wiel


text:
The most difficult of all the Olympic/ISSF (International Shooting Sports Federation) pistol sports is 50 Meter Pistol. This is a sport in which a shooter holds a pistol with one hand and fires 60 shots over the course of two hours at a target with a 5cm (2") 10-ring, 50 meters away. Unlike NRA-style bullseye matches, in finals rounds the 10-ring is further divided into zones, so a bullet striking the 10-ring may be scored anywhere from 10.0 to 10.9. 50 Meter Pistol is also known as Free Pistol, as there are very few rules regarding the pistol itself. It has to fire a .22LR cartridge, no optical sights are allowed, the grip can't extend over the wrist, it must be held and fired by one hand, and that's pretty much it.
I have admired the elegance and the simplicity of free pistols since I first saw a picture of a 1950s Hammerli when I was a child. I have long wanted one, but they typically cost $1,600-2,000 or more. A bit much for a sport that I'm not really going to actively compete in. But then not long ago I discovered a less expensive route.
In 1962 the Soviets introduced the TOZ-35m to international competition. The gun owed an obvious debt to earlier Hammerli designs, but included some novel features of its own, including an amazingly adjustable trigger. Like many Soviet made industrial products it was crude externally, but refined in the details where it mattered. It quickly became a world-class competitor, and despite not having been made in over a decade, it still shows up in international competition.
As I noted, there haven't been any new TOZ35m pistols made in a long time, but they still keep showing up in the marketplace as old stores of them are discovered by enterprising Russian exporters. I recently saw a few showing up again at specialist dealers in ready to compete condition for around $1,300. I also saw them popping up in used ("fair" to "excellent") condition at prices ranging from $475 to $575 at various online dealers. I asked knowledgable people at an online forum for ISSF/Olympic shooters if this was a good deal, and the consensus was that I should jump on it while they were available. I asked my local FFL if he could get one, and he found me an excellent, unused one for $585 out the door. The toy account was flush, thanks to some recent sales, and I told him to go ahead and get me one. Of course when you pay less than half of what the specialist dealers are charging, there's a bit of a catch...
Above is the gun as I received it. You will note the handy carrying case full of accessories, and you will probably also note that the grips as supplied are a bit, um, blocker than the one n the gun at the top of this post. There's a reason for that. There were no standard sized grips available for the TOZ. Fit is more critical in 50 meter pistol than in any other shooting sort, and shooters in the USSR were supposed to work with their coaches to make a customized grip that would fit them like a glove. I've done some carving and refining stock blanks beginning in the 1990s, when I customized my Field Target air rifles, but never anything quite this complete. Before, I've usually started with rasps and files. This time I think I'll have to start with a bandsaw, or possibly an axe.


text:
Math & Science Competition 2019 Winners
2019 Asian American Luminary Awards (AALA)
News Release – 9/12/2019
Outstanding Asian Americans in pacific northwest Region Will Be Recognized by the Asian American luminary Award During 2019 annual convention for chinese institute of engineers/usa-seattle
Seattle, Washington (September 12, 2019) – The 2019 Asian American Luminary Awards (AALA) ceremony will be held at the Westin Hotel, Bellevue, WA on September 15, 2019. Being the proud organizer of this event, Chinese Institute of Engineers-USA would like to invite you to join us to honor the six distinguished award recipients in four different categories. All recipients are first generation immigrants from Asia. This year, both Corporate Leadership Award recipients are from local high-tech giant Amazon, and the two recipients of the Science and Engineering Innovation Award are from the University of Washington.
The recipients of the 2019 Asian American Corporate Leadership Award are:
- Wei Gao, Vice President and Technical Advisor to Amazon CEO and Founder Jeff Bezos
- Dorothy Nanyan Li (aka Dorothy Nicholls), Vice President of Technology with Amazon Web Services (AWS)
The recipients of the 2019 Asian American Science and Engineering Innovation Award are:
- Dr. YinHai Wang, Professor in transportation engineering at Civil and Environmental Engineering and Adjunct Professor at Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington
- Dr. Jihui Yang, Department Chair and Kyocera Chair Professor in Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington
The recipient of the 2019 Asian American Services Award is:
- Chang Chio Tien, President, Chinese American Forum
The recipient of the 2019 Asian American Entrepreneurial Achievement Award is:
- Dr. Shih-Jong (James) Lee, CEO, DRVision Technologies
The year's Special Award will go to Martha Choe, the first Korean American elected to the Seattle City Council, former director of the Washington State Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development (later Washington State Department of Commerce) under governor Gary Locke, and former Chief Administrative Officer of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
"Washington State's talented engineers help shape the future of our families and communities by envisioning new and innovative solutions to the complex challenges of the 21st century. I applaud each of you for your personal commitment to excellence and for your many contributions to our great state." quoted from the greeting letter by Governor Inslee.
The Asian American Luminary Awards (AALA) is a platform to honor and celebrate outstanding Asian American professionals and leaders with high achievements and contributions in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) within Pacific Northwest. Award nominees are evaluated and judged based on such criteria and weighing factors. The primary drivers of the selection process are the merits of their contribution and positive impacts on society.
Every year, the open nomination process starts in April and ends in July. This year, the independent judge committee led by Mr. Conrad Lee, member of Bellevue City Council, is responsible for evaluating all nominations.
Chinese Institute of Engineers/USA-Seattle
2019 Asian American Luminary Awards Nomination Program
Asian American Luminary Awards (AALA) Selection Committee will select the award recipients from fields like Aerospace, Biomedicine / Global Health, Intelligent Technology, Telecommunication, Finance and Community Engagement ("Award Fields") based on the following criteria and weighting factors:
A. General Qualification:
- Nominee must be of Asian American heritage.
- Nominee must be a US citizen or legal permanent resident contributed to the betterment of pacific northwest.
- Nominee must be an engineer, scientist, educator, or corporate or government leader who has made exemplary contributions or support to the professions in the Award Fields.
- Once selected, a nominee must be present at the award banquet to receive the award.
B. Basic Selection Criteria:
Please provide the following information for application.
Professional Achievement and Impact (up to 40%):
- The current or last professional employment including position, the name and location of the company or institution. Responsibilities: e.g. staff supervisions, handling of annual budget. Accountability: e.g. Job functions and challenges.
- All prior major employment with names and locations, and the candidate's position and principal responsibilities in each prior major employment.
- If applicable, provide up to 8 prominent STEM related projects that the candidate was principally responsible for, and statements of candidate's role and the significance of each of these projects.
- Services to professional societies and committees including offices held and committee assignments with dates at professional societies and communities, such as AIChE, ASCE, ASME, IEEE, SPE, and CIE,ABET, etc.
- List publications, keynote speeches, patents and honor awards in reverse chronological order of dates. Include statements of global impact and exemplary significance of the candidate's professional accomplishments.
Service Descriptions - Community Involvements (up to 30%):
Include candidate's services to the community and impact to individuals, community and humanity. List committees joined with dates. Attach statements of significance for all major services rendered to the community. Testimonial from community service beneficiaries is a big plus.
Additional Information Unique About this Candidate (up to 30%):
Include additional information unique to this candidate that was not covered in professional achievement nor community services areas and information relevant to the specific award category that the nominee is applying for.
C. Specific Award Category Criteria
2019 AALA has four award categories. The award criteria are defined in the following:
1. Asian American Corporate Leadership Award
This award recognizes individual who has outstanding leadership in developing products or services in the Award Fields. The leadership will be judged on the following criteria:
a. 10+ years of professional experience.
b. Created, developed and released new products or services.
c. Companies, products and technologies created by these winners, laid the foundation for the evolution to the next generation of products or services.
d. The commitment to industry collaboration set the model for accelerating the development and deployment of products or services through and with industry consortia activities.
e. Collaborate with other companies and/or individuals in achieving great success of new engineering, technology products or services.
f. Mentoring others and engaging in human potential development.
g. A leadership role model/example of excellence to others.
2. Asian American Entrepreneurial Achievement Award
This individual must own at least 10 percent or more of a thriving business with strong financial growth in the Award Fields. Entrepreneurs will be judged on the following criteria:
a. Insightfulness on growth sectors.
b. Innovativeness to design or re-design of high-quality products,
c. Leadership, managerial skills & earning responsibilities.
d. Impact benefits on the general community.
e. A role model/example of excellence to other entrepreneurs.
3. Asian American Science and Engineering Innovation Award
The individual must be a well-established engineer or scientist having significant contributions in his/her technical field through innovation. Innovation achievement will be judged on the following criteria:
a. Made significant and measurable contributions to his/her field.
b. Demonstrate consistent dedication and commitment to the growth and advancement of field of science and engineering through innovation.
c. Recognized as subject matter expert in his/her field and/or industry.
d. Demonstrate active leadership role within his/her organization
e. A technical role model for his/her organization.
4. Asian American Services Award
The individual must have consistently demonstrated qualities of leadership and community engagement/services, creating connections between people and organizations in order to enhance STEM related career paths in the community. Services achievement will be judged on the following criteria:
a. Exemplify inspirational community engagement/services and leadership through teaching, coaching, organizing, and serving.
b. His/her services/actions have made a lasting or meaningful contribution to STEM career paths for the community.
c. His/her service or actions are above and beyond the call of duty.
d. Mentoring others and engaging in human potential development.
e. A service role model/example of excellence to others.
2019 The 17th CIE/USA- Seattle APA Youth Scholarship Application
1. Objective
To promote career interests of Asian Pacific American (APA) youth in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) as well as to encourage their continued contributions to our community and society, CIE/USA-Seattle chapter organizes scholarship opportunity annually.
2. Scholarship Award Categories
a. CIE Scholarship Award
i. 7th graders to 9th graders $300 per award
ii. 10th graders to 12th graders $600 per award
iii. Undergraduate College Students $800 per award
b. CIE Special Award:
i. Academic Excellence Award $100 per award
ii. Community Service Award $100 per award
iii. Extracurricular Excellence Award $100 per award
The grade is determined by the incoming quarter/semester as in fall 2019.
3. Applications and Award Schedule
a. Application Deadline: Jun 23, 2019
b. Awards Announcement: Jul 31, 2019
c. Awards Ceremony: Sep 15, 2019 (CIE/USA-Seattle Annual Gala Award)
4. Award Eligibility
Applicants must meet the following three qualification criteria:
a. Must be enrolled in accredited public or private schools as a full-time student in the Washington State as of May 31st 2019 and continuously study in Washington as full-time schedule in the fall semester 2020.
b. Must come from a family with ethnic Asian Pacific background.
c. Must not be a previous awardee in the same award category
5. Award Selection Criteria
Applicants are graded based on:
a. Academic achievement 30%
b. Volunteer and community services 25%
c. Extracurricular activities or accomplishments 25%
d. Essay 20%
A panel of independent judges will be appointed by the CIE/USA-Seattle. The panel will score the applicants based on the criteria listed above. Scores will be tallied to determine the final scholarship award winners.
6. Application Package and Submittal
Please visit www.cie-sea.org. An application package consists of the following:
a. Application form online (including essay).
b. Copy of current and previous year transcripts in .jpg or .pdf formats uploaded thru online application process. CIE/USA-Seattle reserves the right to request a hard copy of transcripts in a sealed envelope provided by the applicant's school.
c. One recommendation letter sent directly by recommender to CIE/USA-Seattle via email (email@example.com). Please use the recommendation letter template as provided here.
d. Optional for other applicable national or Washington State test score sheets (such as ITBS, WASL, PSAT, SAT, ACT…)
Other than the recommendation letter emailed directly to CIE/USA-Seattle, all application material must be compiled online during the open application period. CIE/USA-Seattle reserves the right to validate the submitted content. Online submission and recommendation letter are due June 23, 2019 (5pm PDT). Application materials received after the deadline will be discarded without notification.
7. Award Notifications and Award Ceremony
Award winners will be notified by July 31st, 2019 via e-mail and will be invited to the CIE/USA-Seattle Award Gala Event to be held in September of 2019. The APA Scholarship Award Committee will coordinate with award winners and their families on the detailed award process after award notification.
8. Benefits in Addition to the Scholarship Award
a. One-year complimentary CIE/USA-Seattle student membership
b. Volunteer opportunities to support CIE/USA- Seattle professional and community events
c. Opportunities to participate joint-events organized by CIE/USA-Seattle and partners
Diane Li, Stephen Lee
Scholarship Committee, CIE/USA – Seattle
Q&A Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Details: http://www.cie-sea.org/
2019 Road-to-College Seminar
通向大学之路 美洲中国工程师学会西雅图分会邀应届学生现身说法
这几位高中毕业生中有热心社会公益的,有音乐艺术优秀者,有新移民,没有体育文艺和大奖却进入心仪大学的,他们是邻家孩子,更是如大家的自家孩子。他们分别来自贝尔维尤Bellevue、华盛顿湖 Lake Washington 和西雅图Seattle等学区,今年分别被布朗Brown, 康乃尔Cornell, 芝加哥Chicago, 加州圣地亚哥UCSD, 斯坦福Stanford大学录取。另有宾州大学沃顿商学院UPenn Wharton大一学生也前来指导。
地点:微软园区(Microsoft Research Hall, Building 99/1919, 14820 NE 36th St., REdmond, WA 98052)
Megan Lu Brown University
Edwin Ong Stanford University
Gloria Shi Cornell University
Kai Xin U of Chicago
Larry Zhang UCSD
IrisZhou UPenn Wharton
李丹 Diane Li,Blaze教育
李建平 Gina Li, VP of CIE-Seattle
CIE in the history
2018 CIE MathComp/ScienceFun
中国工程师学会2018年度数学比赛 2018 CIE MathComp/ScienceFun Event
Chinese Institute of Engineers
Saturday, November 10, 2018 from 2:30 PM to 6:00 PM (PST)
Bellevue, WA
Highlights of 2018 CIE/USA – SEA Annual Convention
2018 CIE/USA – Seattle Annual Convention took place at the Bellevue Westin hotel on the September 8, 2018. Here are some highlights.
2018 CIE/USA – SEA Annual Convention
Banquet/Seminars/Membership registration I Seminar Registration Only
2018 CIE/USA – Seattle Annual Convention has been scheduled on the September 8, 2018 at the Bellevue Westin hotel. Highlighted celebration activities include keynote speeches, Asian American Luminary Awards (AALA), APA Youth Scholarship Awards, Business Exhibition, comprehensive "How New Technology Will Transform Your Life" seminars, Education & Civic Engagement seminars, social Cocktail Reception and a scrumptious Award Dinner. For event registration or just join the CIE/USA – Seattle as a member, please visit the flyer at right or the links provided above.
2018 CIE-SEA Convention Seminars
Session 1: Emerging & Breakthrough of AI applications (Grand Ballroom B)
- 13:00-13:40 Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Aviation Industry
- (Dr. Anne Kao, Senior Technology Fellow, the Boeing Company)
- Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the fastest growing fields in computer science, and the hottest topic in modern technology, promising to revolutionize our daily lives. However, with all the excitement comes a lot of hype, and it becomes hard to tell what's reality and what's science fiction; has the "HAL 9000" arrived? In this talk, we'll review briefly the evolution of AI, its past and current state, and where we see its successes. We will also discuss applications of AI in aviation industry and how it might impact our daily life and people's careers.
- 13:40-14:20 Microsoft Xiaoice – Breakthrough in EQ and Conversational AI
- (Ying Wang, Director of Microsoft Global Xiaoice)
- Abstract: The way we interact with our devices is changing rapidly and we're now beginning to witness the early days of a transition to the next big shift in computing—one that is fueled by the advent of AI and built around a behavior that is most natural to humans—conversations and EQ. With the innovation of Xiaoice, Microsoft has rapidly made progresses in advancement of the EQ oriented conversational technology and applications. In four years, Xiaoice product lines had 6 iterations, launched in 5 markets, is recognized as the top social conversational AI globally with 660M user base, active on 14 top consumer platforms globally. Her EQ oriented conversational capability, full duplex voice sense and real-time vision enable Xiaoice(s) to be omnipresent in IM chat, in groups, on IoT devices as a companion and assistant. Enhanced with AI creation, Xiaoice(s) are also active TV show/radio program host(s) in regular programs, a rising poet, song writer & singer with first album release. We will share our learnings and our vision to see how Xiaoice(s) will continue to participate in human society and business ecosystems.
- 14:20-15:00 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Automation
- (Dr. Roberto Lu, Vice President at TE Connectivity)
- Abstract: Modern manufacturing is very different from the Ford Model T, which you can order any car you like as long as their colors are all black! In our modern automation, flexibility together with speed are essential, given that they conflict to each other naturally. In addition to the flexibility and speed, or Mass Customization, artificial intelligence has been gaining practical value and in use in many industries and business practices. Artificial Intelligence with Machine Learning is revolutionize our industry today. There are multiple data sources quoted that many today's jobs will disappear in less than 10 years and new types of jobs will be needed. Why is artificial intelligence and machine learning important to automation? Imaging that computing power can automatically managing complicated automation tasks with intelligence via self learning? What are the devices may help us to enable such learning? This presentation will illustrate couple examples with initial successes.
- 15:00-15:40 The Evolving U.S.-China Relationship in 2018: What Career and Business Effects Can Chinese American Engineers Expect?
- (Nelson G. Dong J.D., Partner, Dorsey's Corporate Group)
- Abstract: Despite their efforts to establish some working relationship, President Donald Trump and President Xi Jinping are facing an unprecedented level of tension and disagreement between the United States and China. What can these sharp differences in national industrial policy, regard for intellectual property, views in sovereignty and national security, trade and economics and global business practices mean for Chinese American engineers working in the technology sector? Nelson Dong, a member of CIE-Seattle's Board of Advisors and a highly respected international technology attorney at the Dorsey & Whitney law firm, will review these current bilateral disagreements between the U.S. and China (including many recent U.S. legal changes) and explain their potential impacts upon the careers and businesses of many Chinese American technologists in industry as well as in higher education and government service. Nelson will draw his talk not only from his more than 40 years of practical international legal experience but also from his service as a long-time director of the Washington State China Relations Council and the National Committee on US-China Relations and as a member of the Committee of 100.
Session 2: Entrepreneurship and Innovation (Lake Chelan)
- 13:00-13:40 Opportunities and Challenges in Cross-border Innovation)
- (Amy Du, CEO of VestLink)
- 13:40-14:20 Entrepreneurship Opportunities in AI Field
- (Amanda Guo, Global VP of Sugon)
- 14:20-15:00 From Molecules to MW Batteries – A Journey Turning Lab Discovery into Commercial Products
- (Gary Yang, Founder and CTO of UniEnergy Technologies)
Session 3a (13:00-14:30):Interests, Extracurricular and Passion (Lake Coeur'd Alene)
- Extracurricular Activities in Light of College Admissions
- (Myungkee Min, Chief College Admissions Counselor at Dr. Min's Education Consulting)
- Let Kids Decide Their Own Future
- (YP Chan, Principal at Chanden Inc.)
- Learn and Grow with Allen
- (Wenge Zhang, Founder of Seattle Institute of Education)
Session 3b (14:30-16:00): Civic Engagement and Opportunities for High School Student
- Community Engagement Through Dialog
- (Conrad Lee, Bellevue City Council Member)
- American Creed (Edwin Ong, Mayoral Intern) + Panel Discussion (Interns)
Annual Convention Banquet (Grand Ballroom B & C)
04:00 pm to 05:00 pm Reception
05:00 pm to 06:00 pm Evening Banquet Registration
06:00 pm to 06:10 pm Convention Greetings
06:10 pm to 06:40 pm Special Tribute to Mayer Edward Lee
06:40 pm to 07:30 pm Banquet Dinner
07:30 pm to 07:50 pm Keynote Speech: Jennette Ramos, Senior VP, Boeing
"Ready for the Age of Disruption"
07:50 pm to 08:00 pm Special Guest Speaker David Ku, VP, Microsoft
08:00 pm to 08:50 pm Asian American Luminary Award
08:50 pm to 09:20 pm 16th Annual APA Youth Scholarship Award
09:20 pm to 09:30 pm Closing Remark
2018 The 16th CIE/USA- Seattle Youth Scholarship Awardees
2018 Asian American Luminary Awardees
CIE/USA – SEA would like to express its sincere appreciation to the following companies for their sponsorship, commitments or supports in making this year's Convention a successful one.
Diamond Sponsors
Gold Sponsors
Wu Property
TECO-SF Science Division
Chang-E, CHIME, Nanhai, SEC, VestLink
Partner event: Pathway Foundation Annual Conference
Is your child interested in gaining leadership skills, working on community projects, and learning more about civic engagement with Council member Conrad Lee?
Join us for Pathway Foundation's first Annual Conference on August 17th at City Hall from 7 pm – 9:30 pm as we discuss how the Mayoral Internship under Council member Conrad Lee helps prepare high school students for college and beyond. Joining us will be former interns including Rhodes Scholar and Yale graduate Mason Ji and Bellevue School District IB Coordinator Karen Roper.
If interested, please register at www.pathwayus.org/summerevent. We hope to see you there!
Click here for details!
2018 Asian American Luminary Awards
Open nomination period: June 1 – July 22, 2018
Award ceremony: Sept. 8, 2018 at Westin Bellevue
Asian American Luminary Award (AALA) is a platform to honor and celebrate outstanding Asian American professionals and leaders with high achievements and contributions in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) within Pacific Northwest.
Award Categories
Asian American Corporate Leadership Award
Recognizes an individual who has outstanding leadership in developing products or services in the Award Fields
Asian American Entrepreneurial Achievement Award
Recognizes an individual who owns at least 10 percent or more of a thriving business with strong financial growth in the Award Fields
Asian American Science and Engineering Innovation Award
Recognizes a well-established engineer or scientist having significant contributions in his/her technical field through innovation
Asian American Services Award
Recognizes an individual who has consistently demonstrated qualities of leadership and community engagement/services, creating connections between people and organizations in order to enhance STEM related career paths in the community
For more information, please contact email@example.com
Application Deadline: Jun 23, 2018
2018 The 16th CIE/USA- Seattle APA Youth Scholarship Competition
CIE Scholarship Overview | Online Application | Recommendation Letter Form | FAQ
1. Objective
To promote career interests of Asian Pacific American (APA) youth in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) as well as to encourage their continued contributions to our community and society, CIE/USA-Seattle chapter organizes scholarship opportunity annually.
2. Scholarship Award Categories
a. CIE Scholarship Award
- Category 1: 7th graders to 9th graders $300 per award
- Category 2: 10th graders to 12th graders $600 per award
- Category 3: Undergraduate College Students $800 per award
b. CIE Special Award:
- Academic Excellence Award $100 per award
- Community Service Award $100 per award
- Extracurricular Excellence Award $100 per award
3. Applications and Award Schedule
- Application Deadline: Jun 23, 2018
- Awards Announcement: Jul 31, 2018
- Awards Ceremony: Sep 8, 2018 (CIE/USA-Seattle Annual Gala Award)
April 22, 2018 and June 3, 2018
ROAD-to-COLLEGE Seminars (registration)
2018 Chinese Institute of Engineers (CIE)/USA-Seattle education seminars (www.cie-sea.org)
这几位去年奖学金的获奖者;来自Bellevue, Lake Washington 和Seattle等学区,今年分别被加州理工(CalTech)、哥伦比亚大学(Columbia)、哈佛大学及宾州大学沃顿商学院(UPenn Wharton)录取。
Do you have kid(s) in high school? Are you seeking ideas for his/her college application? You will find what you need at CIE's ROAD-to-COLLEGE education seminars.
Chinese Institute of Engineers / USA - SEATTLE has the honor to invite CIE APA YOUTH SCHOLARSHIP winners to share their successful experience ofcollege application, and expert counselors to explain the reasons behind their success.
Last year's CIE scholarship winners came from local school districts, e.g. Bellevue, Lake Washington and Seattle. They have been admitted this year byCalTech, Columbia, Harvard and U Penn Wharton, respectively.
Stephanie Guo Columbia University
Angela Lin UPenn Wharton & Engineering
Anna Wang Harvard University
Iris Zhou UPenn Wharton
Diane Li Blaze Education
We welcome companies to sponsor our STEM activities which will benefit the next generation and beyond.
CIE/USA Seattle is a 501(c)(3) non-profit promoting professional and academic excellence in the Asian American community through annual programs across the Greater Seattle area:
Inspiring Leadership
- "Seattle Luminary Award" recognizing the global impact of local leaders
- Student & Young Professionals Mentoring Programs
Enriching Education
- Asian Pacific American Youth Scholarship Program
- APA Youth Math & Science Programs
- "Bridging the Gap" University and College Lecture Series
Developing Professionals
- Annual CIE/USA - Seattle Convention and Speaker Series
- Professional Development Seminars
- Technical Professionals Social Events
"I applaud the Seattle Chapter of CIE for its commitment to innovation and excellence, as well as its ongoing support of young people."
Christine Gregoire, Former Washington State Governor
"The Chinese Institute of Engineers has been a leading force in helping keep our American economy strong, vibrant and innovative."
David G. Reichert, Representative for Washington State
"As members of CIE of Seattle, you help ensure diversity and strength in the workplace as well as the success of future APA engineers."
Maria Cantwell, Senator for Washington State
EPA SEE Brownfield Program Assistant
If you enjoy working with others and are interested in making a difference by helping communities build their capacity to clean-up contaminated properties, here's something for you!
NAPCA needs a senior 55 years of age or older (PL-98-313) to work under the Senior Environmental Employment (SEE) Program, for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Seattle, Washington.
Qualifications: Must be at least 55 years of age and have a college degree in policy, education, business management, marketing, non-profit management, language arts, science, engineering, or an environmentally related field. Have knowledge or experience with managing, assessing, and cleaning up hazardous waste sites; teaching or training, including planning workshops, creating presentations, developing outreach material, research past accomplishments, webinars, and managing meetings; working effectively cross-culturally, especially with tribal governments; and grant management administration and project implementation (bookkeeping, office systems, reporting, tracking). Must be able to work independently, have proficiency with PC tools (MS Outlook, PowerPoint, Excel, Sharepoint), display strong organization skills, be detail oriented, and have excellent oral, written, and presentation skills, particularly with conveying technical information to non-technical audiences. Other desirable attributes include experience working with federal agencies, managing federal funding and/or grants, familiarity with Brownfield Redevelopment, and knowledge of Tribal sovereignty and Alaska village history.
Responsibilities and Duties: Focus on the mission of cleaning up communities and advancing sustainable development through providing technical assistance to local government, tribes, and non-profit organizations in their efforts to address contaminated sites and promote revitalization. Work includes assistance to the Brownfields staff with development of program tools, research past accomplishments, create outreach materials, write stories, conduct trainings, organize resources, and facilitate meetings. Aid on-site and remotely using available technology to convene groups. Ability to travel to urban and remote locations is required.
$15.45 per hour. 24-36 hours per week. Temporary year-to-year. Holidays, vacation, sick leave, enrollee-paid dental and vision insurance. Premium-paid health insurance is available for 30+ hours per week. EOE.
Send your resume and cover letter to firstname.lastname@example.com by November 27.
Lois Kohashi-Sinclair
National Director, Senior Environmental Employment (SEE) Program
National Asian Pacific Center on Aging
1511 Third Avenue, Suite 914
Seattle, Washington 98101-1626
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: 206.838.8163
Fax: 206.624.1023
Please Donate Today: NAPCA Donation Link
Visit us at NAPCA.org • Facebook • Twitter • LinkedIn • YouTube


text:
18+ bewerbungsschreiben aushilfe verkauf
The Little-Known Secrets to Motivation Letter for Phd Sample
The correspondence has to be formal, but at the precise moment it needs to be persuasive enough to work for your advantage. It shouldn't be too long and should end in three paragraphs. A university motivation letter and motivation letter for college or inspirational essay must clearly demonstrate that you are highly motivated and capable of finishing your research in addition to being composed in a sense which will get the interest of the reader.
How to Locate Motivation Letter for Phd Sample Online A cover letter has to be concise. It's a vital part of the application process so be sure to prepare one for every resume submission. You just have to prepare a fruitful cover letter should you choose to procure an superb job.
Your correspondence needs to be lead. Ordinarily, a motivation letter shouldn't be longer than 1 page. If you want to know why you ought to consider composing a motivation letter when you are applying to a project, you need to read the previous blog article first. Try to recall the point of this motivation letter isn't to demonstrate how similar you are to an imagined perfect candidate it is to exhibit your unique personal approach and the way you might be an wonderful economics PhD student. When you're in need of a premium excellent motivation letter you can depend on for professional or academic success, try our providers.
The letter must underline the personal observations in the manner in which the candidate functions. Type your name, but additionally do not fail to sign the letter if you are printing it out. As an example, if you send a resume without a cover letter, your employer isn't going to understand what position you're applying for, if you're interested in getting the job now or later, or when you require a part-time or full-time job. Before your resume, it is the cover letter you may see and that's why it has to be written with excellent care. When applying for a mortgage, you'll be asked for a short cover letter to convince the lender that you are solvent and can pay back the loan.
You should make sure to correct your letter when you have written it. Thus, the correspondence is comparable to some formal letter. The motivation letter is a very important part of your application. Your PhD motivation letter isn't an exception, it has to be written in a sense which will catch the eye of this committee and allow them to observe that the worthiness of having you within their program.
You might need to be effective in writing letters. To start with, it's a less formal type of letter writing compared to traditional cover letter. The letter needs to be composed in rather straightforward language and the usage of jargon ought to be averted. Your motivation letter for PhD needs to be composed in a means which will be seen as striking by the committee. Composing a letter of motivation for your PhD studies can be very a difficult procedure, but do not be discouraged.
Life, Death and Motivation Letter for Phd Sample
As soon as your letter was composed, take a while to earn revisions. Remember that the person reading your letter does not know you! You may need to work exceedingly hard to create that outstanding letter or you might use a committed writing service that will assist you. An effective letter will convince an app that you are the kind of person they wish to take on, while a poorly written letter will almost certainly make them select somebody else. The entire letter ought to be composed in a really formal and skilled tone, and the address is a enormous part of it. A motivational letter has become the most personalized and significant document you may conduct in order to send towards a desired college, where you'll have the chance to present your self and grant yourself a wonderful opportunity! Deciding upon the most acceptable individual is important in receiving the best letters of recommendation.
All our letters and other writing are delivered in time and covered by a complete satisfaction money-back guarantee. Even though a cover letter is important in most cases, there are quite a few exceptions to the rule. A personally-addressed cover letter is essential in case you would like to make a fantastic impression.
How to compose inspirational letter to get a phd course if you're asking to get a phd, you're sometimes needed to write a motivation letter phd. When you submit an application to get a PhD, you'll want to write not simply a study proposal but additionally a letter of motivation. So pay a visit to the app listing site of the varsities where you want to do your PhD and select the one that you need to pursue.
Motivation Letter for University Fundamentals Explained
Ordinarily, a motivation letter shouldn't be longer than 1 page. Motivation letters or letters of encouragement are meant to trigger the reader to take actions to solve a specific problem set out in the letter. It's essential to note that a motivation letter' is really a letter in the traditional sense. The correspondence of motivation university which you're going to be writing will provide the college a notion of exactly what characteristics you've got and whether you are fit to enrol in their university. A university motivation letter together with motivation letter for college or motivational essay should clearly demonstrate that you are highly motivated and capable of finishing your studies along with being composed in a sense that will get the attention of the reader.
Your cover letter should be composed in the precise basic format for a business cover letter. A inspirational correspondence is easily the most personalized and significant document you are able to run as a way to deliver towards a desirable college, where you are going to have the chance to present yourself and grant yourself a wonderful opportunity! You will need to work exceedingly tough to make this outstanding letter or you may employ a committed writing service to assist you. An effective letter will convince an app that you're the sort of person they wish to carry on, while a poorly written letter will almost certainly make them select another person. This letter describes why you wish to undertake a PhD and you'd be well-suited to researching your proposed topic. Composing a letter of inspiration to your PhD studies may be rather a challenging procedure, but don't be discouraged.
Composing an application letter of inspiration could be rough sometimes based on where you are most likely to use it. There are various sorts of application motivation letter today. A letter of motivation for PhD program is sometimes required which usually means you ought to write down the reason you'd love to find a PhD from the said institution. As you understand letter of motivation is important part of program package for Master program so make sure to invest lots of time in preparing the letter, because it's quite probable that entry panel is likely to make choice on seeing your application based on the motivation letter. When you're in need of a high excellent motivation letter you can depend on for professional or academic achievement, try our providers.
The Debate Over Motivation Letter for University
Even when you're an outstanding student with the best grades, many accomplishments, and very motivated you might not make it into a college based on the way you have written your inspirational letter. You'll also discover that sometimes schools will ask personal statements, although other universities are requesting motivation letters. Today, universities and colleges wish to find something called a motivation letter. XXXX University is the biggest innovative centre that takes active part in the subject of basic and applied sciences. Composing a motivation letter university could be rough sometimes especially if you're not familiarized with what goes at a record itself. Discover 98,620 Bachelors globally Before you get started writing your motivation letter or private statement, you have got to do just a little soul-searching and select precisely what and where you'd like to examine.
Take it one step in a minute, and it will be much easier. There's a time in everybody's lives once we'll truly feel a profound urge for sugar. Life is short, so make the majority of the time you've got! Your love for anything you've chosen will be rekindled and you will feel as in the event that you've selected the proper thing for you.
Motivation isn't consistent. Thus, motivation by itself is simply not likely to reduce it. It can be readily compared to an emotion. The earlier you start with your MBA motivation essay, the more quickly you will finish these, and the sooner you submit your completed application package, the greater your odds of admission. To acquire the ideal motivation letter, you will also should have great English writing skills. Our specialists know all essential peculiarities that will have to go included in your document to have the ability to be successful. The majority of the applicants into the place which you would like will have comparable grades to you so you need to ensure you impress them with your motivation letter for university entrance if you have to get selected. You may look as if you're trying to state a lot to have the ability to create them like you. Even in the event that you search for samples of the university document, sometimes they're not enough.
To get confidence in letter writing, it's recommended to write a minumum of one sort of letter daily. Through us, you may be sure of creating a letter of inspiration that can make you highly memorable. Your motivation letter for LLM applications is probably among the most crucial portions of your application and due to this, you need to guarantee that it is composed to perfection. Applying to university or possibly a project that you might be requested to present a motivation letter as a portion of your program. Whenever you're in need of a high quality motivation letter that you might depend on for professional or academic success, try our services.
The Good, the Bad and Motivation Letter Writing
People today respond to a feeling of urgency. You need to produce a feeling of urgency. There is not any reason why your resume should seem amateurish. Saying that you are organised or have a feeling of responsibility isn't enough. So, next time you're sitting there wondering why your life is how it is, just remember all you need to do is continue writing and determine how you need your story to finish. Think of what you would love to happen on your life.
Your work is to learn what needs there are. In case the job requires five years of field research but you need only three, your other credentials could be sufficient to acquire a work deal. A job could be an experience building stepping stone in the event that you already know what kind of career you'd like to create in future. You know the job which you require and you have got a duplicate of the job posting. Similar to the other resumes, it's essential to list the job certain details in the restart. Before writing your letter, take the opportunity to discover about the business and the occupation for which you are applying.
What Happens Letter Writing Is – and What it Isn't
Come on now, you're an superb writer. Proofread so you can be sure your writing is completely free from any errors that may detract from everything you want to state. If you understand that you're overwhelmed by promoting your writing, take Terre's guidance to find someone who can then you may concentrate on the quality of your article writing. From the start, before the start, and following the birth of this child, the writing is there. Letter writing is a fun task after you understand the fundamental aspects. The way to compose a retirement letter is not difficult when you've got all the information you need. A motivational letter has become the very personalized and important document you can conduct to be able to send towards a desired college, where you are going to have the opportunity to present your self and give yourself a wonderful opportunity! Use bullets since it makes the correspondence simple to read. If you make an effort to apologize by composing a very long, very in depth letter explaining the motivation for your actions, he isn't very likely to have past the very first few paragraphs. A successful letter will convince an app that you're the type of person they desire to carry on, while a poorly written letter will probably make them pick another person. On the reverse side, informal letters include letters to family and friends members. Most inflated letters could possibly be interpreted in line with the zone where they endure.
In the event the cover letter is to be effective, it must unquestionably be tailored to the particular institution. You only need to prepare a productive cover letter should you prefer to secure a good job. A cover letter may be brief, but if it does not speak of somebody well focused and prepared to fulfill their targets, then a corporation may turn you down. You always must send a cover letter with your resume, even if job posting doesn't request one.
Selecting Good Motivation Letter Writing
Revenue letters are getting to be shorter. Your sales letter is a rather short sales proposal, and that means you wish to demonstrate that you're considering your prospect's requirements. A sales letter is one of the very important tools of sales promotion. For most sectors other than retail, it is the very first and most important way of reaching new customers. By listing 30-40 advantages of reading your upcoming ebook, you won't simply have a very effective sales letter, you will have a great outline to your infoproduct.
Even in the event you send the letter to the appropriate department, it might not be forwarded to the proper person. The correspondence should be clearly written with no potential for misunderstanding by the employer. The program letter is of equal significance, since you are going to get your basic contact info, the business information, and the position to which you're applying for. Writing the perfect Motivation Letter for your job application might be challenging endeavor.


text:
Remove Your Google Search History Before the New Privacy Policy Takes Effect - How-To Geek: "Starting March 1st Google's new privacy policy takes effect, so you may want to do a quick bit of web history cleanup work ahead of time. This tutorial from the Electronic Frontier Foundation will show you how to do it and will only take a few minutes to finish."
'via Blog this'


text:
GBASKY teams up with SHUSHI and WEST CULTURE on SHAKARA
The year 2018 has birthed series of great tunes, Nigerian singer/songwriter, Gbasky, teams up with creative director and song-writer; Shushi and Sound producer; West culture as they add to this list with the release of a fusion of African percussion and jazz record titled 'Shakara'.
Shakara is a song that talks about love, relationship and societal status.
iTunes: ITUNES LINK
Soundcloud: SOUNDCLOUD