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Product DescriptionBlingLights BL660 LED Flush Mount Signalers
BlingLights BL660 LED Flush Mount Signalers lights inspired directly from Japan is the new rave. Just attach to side of vehicle and they blink along with your factory turn signals using your factory indicator controls. The long-life LED bulbs produces a unique eye catching accent with JDM style.
Key Specifications/Special Features:
» Sold in sets of 2
» You choose color; Red, White or Blue
» Ultra Bright LED Lights When On, Colorless When off
» Flash Automatically when connect wire with directional signal lamp
» Heatproof, waterproof and durable
» Adhesive Backing attaches easily to any flat surface
BlingLights BL660 LED Flush Mount Signalers are sold as a set of 2. Available in your choice of Red, White or Blue with clear lens and chrome trim.
Function: The absolute hottest flush mounts out on the market today. LED (light emitting diodes) lights are the wave of the future. These lights are made out of the highest quality materials that are designed to withstand the elements. They have a clear lens and when lit, 3 separate ultra-bright LEDs light up in which ever color you choose. The outer ring comes in chrome.
Sleek aerodynamic design. Can be used for side marker turn signals or rear turn signals. Waterproof enclosure to ensure durability. Include easy installation instructions. Dimensions: 2.75" (L) X 1.5" (W) X .6" (D)
Hooking them up: These lights have a very strong dual tape that attach to any flat surface. These lights have two wires so they are either blinking or running lights only. Housing is made of super heavy duty polyurethane which make them completely weather-proof. Kit includes complete installation instructions for install which takes about 10 minutes for each side.
Receive a FREE Authentic BLINGLIGHTS Cap Valued at $24.95 With Your Order While Supplies Last
Brushed cotton twill, six panel, sandwich bill, relaxed crown, self-fabric strap with metal closure and tuck-in design. Sport the name and show your pride.
Risk-Free Trial
Take the BlingLights Challenge and try any BlingLights product no-risk. Then Decide. If you don't love it, you don't keep it. No obligation. Simply send it back, no questions asked - you keep the hat.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the BlingLights No Fault Guarantee? BlingLights will repair, or at our option, replace this product for up to 1 year from time of purchase. The NO FAULT provision of this warranty means that regardless of how the item may have been damaged or rendered unusable (fully or partially) by the Owner of the item, BlingLights will repair or replace the item without any questions being asked. To take advantage of this provision, enclose a money order for $15.00 (U.S. dollars) with the item to cover inspection, handling, and shipping.
What is the advantage of LED output? LED output can match any color temperature perfectly, runs on less power, and LEDs never burn out. We carry this item in either Red, White or Blue output to match your factory turn signals for a clean appearance. Once the order has been placed an invoice will be emailed to you with different payment options including credit or debit card directly over the computer or phone. If there is any problems making payment contact us so we can help.
What is the return policy? You are entitled to a full refund less shipping costs if item is mailed back within 2 weeks of receiving item. Item must be in the EXACT brand new condition it was received along with the order number and reason for return. Keep the hat just for trying our product even if you decide to return. Please provide us opportunity to resolve any issues before deciding to return.
Customer Feedback:
The lights are great and I use them almost every night. We get a lot of fog in the winter here on the west coast of Florida, and these lights project a perfect beam to cut through. They look great and fit perfectly too. Your product exceeds Nissans factory lights by far & at 1/6 the cost. These lights are VERY high quality with a sealed, heavy glass lens and a strong housings. Everything else I saw on the market was all plastic. I am going to order another set as a backup for the future. Thanks again.
-Mike of Florida
Fast Shipping, Handling, and Insurance
Discounts available for combined purchases
Accepted payment methods; credit or debit cards, googlecheckout, paypal, bank or cashiers check and money orders. No personal checks. All payments must be made in US dollar currency.
Designated trademarks and brands are the property of their respective owners.


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18311 US Hwy 441
Mt Dora, FL 32757-6718
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text: For more than a decade, our Aquarium Conservation Team (ACT!) of staff and volunteers has worked to restore habitat for wildlife and maintain the trails at Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine in Baltimore. Together, we've collected more than 600,000 pieces of debris! Our efforts at Fort McHenry are about more than just cleanup! Our work there includes everything from trail maintenance and light construction to planting native flowers and butterfly gardens. All of these efforts add up to create a valuable green space in the heart of Baltimore City that is utilized by hundreds of species of birds, reptiles like box turtles and diamondback terrapins, and aquatic critters like juvenile blue crabs and small fish! As part of a partnership with the National Parks Conservation Association and ioby, our cleanup at Fort McHenry has been selected as an urban park project worth crowdfunding! The term crowdfunding refers to a collective effort by individuals to financially support a certain initiative online. Click here to support our efforts to restore habitat for wildlife, remove debris and maintain the trails at this National Monument! The goal of this partnership is to finally take the support and advocacy for national parks into the digital age. We're proud to be a community partner for this pilot program and can only hope that this is one of MANY crowdfunding projects we see across the country. The beauty of programs like this is that even if you can't literally get your hands dirty, you can still contribute to causes YOU believe in! Already supported our crowdfunding page on ioby's site? About to? Help us spread the word online! Share this link on your Facebook page or on Twitter using #UrbanParksIOBY! Tags: aquarium-conservation-team, cleanups, Conservation, fort-mchenry-field-day, fort-mchenry-national-monument-and-historic-shrine, ft-mchenry, ioby, national-aquarium-2, national-aquarium-in-baltimore, national-parks-conservation-association, npca, urban-parks, wildlife-restoration Categories: Conservation, News Previous Post Next Post


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Wednesday, November 7, 2012
Love One Another Subway Art - Fall Fix-Up #8
It's still fall and one of the things that I've been needing to make is "due" this Saturday so I get to add one more thing to my Fall Fix-Ups 2012.
A friend I made when we lived in Kansas City got married last week in Cancun. Her reception is this weekend in KC and we will be making a flying trip down (and back) to celebrate and wish her and her husband the best.
This wedding means a lot to me. I know that sounds selfish, but she was always one of those girls that lived through one bad ending relationship after another. That possibly means that she lived through one bad relationship after another, but that's not for me to say. That said - I could not be happier that she has found someone to share her life with. It means a lot to me that she is happy.
I'm not much for giving money or things off a list from Bed Bath & Beyond or Pottery Barn for gifts. My name is Karen and I'm a homemadegiftaholic. So I did what all good blogging makers of stuff do - I went to her Pinterest board and looked through her "Home Decor" board!
I found the perfect pin here. And was so inspired that I copied it.
Then I went here to contact the wonderful blog that is was pinned from so I could give her all the credit she deserves. Whoops, can't find it on the blog. So I emailed her and after some research she led me here and here. Which led me to here where you can buy a high resolution of the print for $10! It's a shame I didn't write her BEFORE I made it - I could have saved myself a LOT of work.
Actually I'm glad that I did it how I did it. It's beautiful and a lot of love went in to it.
Have a great life Lori and Steve!
Part 2
Here's how I made it:
I took two scrap 1x6 boards which happened to be the same length - if they aren't the same length you will need to make them that way.
Connect your boards side by side by attaching scrap wood at the top, bottom, and middle.
My wood was clean pine so I banged it up slightly and tried out a rust mix to add some color to the wood.
To make the rust mix I put some white vinegar into a jar with a piece of steel wool and let it sit for three days. Then I shook it up and painted the mix over the boards.
It did change the color significantly, but the color was a little to red, or "rusty", for me. Also it left this really gross feeling rusty powder all over the boards. I wiped it down over and over.
I let it sit for several weeks before I started working on it again.
I did a dry brush of Annie Sloan Pure White diluted with water. All of this paint turned orangey from the rust coating.
I did a second dry brush of Annie Sloan Old White. Then it was perfect.
I had a print out of my picture made and taped one side of it directly to the board.
I used carbon paper to trace all of the lettering to the board.
Then I sat and painted. And painted. And painted. And painted. Got it? You have to paint.
Then I sanded over the whole thing lightly. If the colors stayed too bright I sanded a little bit more. The room where this is going to hang (probably) is a little dark, so I didn't want them to be too desaturated.
Then I waxed with Annie Sloan Clear Soft Wax, then a light coat of Annie Sloan Dark Was all over, then one more coat of clear. I buffed it pretty hard because I wanted it to be slick and shiny.
Do you think she will be able to tell how much I care?
Make something wonderful today!
I'll be partying here:
Beneath My Heart
French Country Cottage
Jennifer Rizzo
No Minimalist Here
Shabby Creek Cottage
The Girl Creative
Coastal Charm
17 comments:
- fiona anderson said...
This is stunning Karen, simply stunning. Of course she will be able to see how much you care - what a beautiful and heartfelt present to give someone !
- November 7, 2012 at 6:40 PM
- Linda @ it all started with paint said...
What an amazing, personal, beautiful gift! She will truly and surely treasure it! And I love the idea of checking out her Pinterest board for inspiration and ideas -- seriously and truly brilliant my friend!
- November 7, 2012 at 7:33 PM
- Bliss said...
It looks great, and I hear tell patience is a virtue. I don't have that virtue.
And I pinned it to my sign board, just in case I ever receive that virtue.
- November 8, 2012 at 8:09 AM
- DearHelenHartman said...
You have a very lucky friend to receive such a gift and have such a friend. Gorgeous.
- November 8, 2012 at 8:12 AM
- Infarrantly Creative said...
Love how this turned out and think it's great that you made sure to find out who you got the idea from and linked back to them. That's a fantastic blogger:)
- November 8, 2012 at 2:22 PM
- Eclectically Vintage said...
I think she feels your love!! And I love it too - definitely something wonderful!
- November 9, 2012 at 10:00 PM
- Vickie @ Ranger 911 said...
Your sign is fabulous and I'm sure will be a focal point in the new couple's home! Love it!
- November 10, 2012 at 7:21 PM
- Tami Rebekah said...
Karen !!! I love this!! What a great idea!
- November 13, 2012 at 5:46 PM
- Julie redheadcandecorate.com said...
Unbelievable. You have it in u!!! Not only the talent, but the desire, and innate energy to do it!!! They will love it, and it will pass on for years and years. Excellent!!!
- November 13, 2012 at 9:19 PM
- The Domesticated Princess said...
This looks wonderful! I've been wanting a sign like this, but I don't know if I have the skills or time to make one as nice is yours. I'm impressed!
- November 13, 2012 at 9:53 PM
- Christine said...
You did a FABULOUS job!!!! It's going to be a BEAUTIFUL wedding!!! WOW you sure did a lot of digging to find the original source.. which is WONDERFUL of you to do!!
Thanks so much for sharing this at The DIY Dreamer... From Dream To Reality!
- November 14, 2012 at 9:59 AM
- Little Miss Maggie said...
Beautiful job, Karen, and what a labor of love. I'm sure your friend will love it and you for caring so much.
- November 14, 2012 at 4:20 PM
- Abby said...
This is stunning! Karen, you did a great job! Thank you for sharing how you did this! I love it! What a gift to treasure!
- November 14, 2012 at 7:25 PM
- Maureen said...
I love the way this turned out! It's fabulous, and made with love and I'm sure they will treasure it forever.
- November 19, 2012 at 9:17 PM
- Web Experts UK said...
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- February 27, 2013 at 11:14 AM
- Unknown said...
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- May 30, 2013 at 1:57 AM
- Lori Christy said...
Yes, I'm late to the post and commenting! This gift was the best gift ever and I absolutely love it and it hangs proudly in our living room for all to see. We get so many compliments on it. I'm truly blessed to have such a great life long friend.
Love you Karen,
- April 5, 2014 at 5:27 PM


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By Mary and Douglas DeLong, CFCA sponsors
Our journey began 12 years ago when we sponsored a Chilean child through Christian Foundation for Children and Aging.
Little did we realize what a journey it would be, or the experiences we would have.
When we started sponsoring Jannier he was 2 years old, and his mother would write us letters.
As he got older, she would include drawings that he had colored. Once Jannier was able, he started writing the letters himself.
We would include pictures of our own family with our letters and, in turn, would receive pictures of him.
His pictures joined the other pictures of our family on the refrigerator, and our son and daughter called him their little brother in Chile.
Jannier and his mother, Miriam, became part of our extended family.
At the end of September my husband, Doug, and I traveled on CFCA's trip to Valparaiso, Chile, to meet Jannier and his mother.
What an amazing and emotional experience it was to finally meet the other part of our family and to receive hugs, kisses and many expressions of "gracias."
Jannier and his mother are extremely poor, but with the support they receive, Jannier is able to attend a better school and get a much better education.
They know that an education is one way they can better themselves.
Jannier is a very focused young man and he has a plan for his future, but at the same time he also feels very responsible for his mother and worries about what will happen with her.
We learned that Miriam, at the age of 45, is going blind from untreated glaucoma.
She told us she is so grateful that we came this year because in another year she will most likely be blind.
There is no welfare system in Chile, so she is still trying to work. She sweeps the sidewalks and streets in a plaza near the congress building in Valparaiso.
We feel blessed to be able to help someone in need.
You can only imagine how hard it was, after spending only a day and a half visiting Jannier and Miriam, to say goodbye. There were many tears, hugs and kisses, but also a promise to try to see each other again.
We can truly say that through this journey, by responding to this young boy's needs, we have also experienced the beautiful message of St. Francis of Assisi: "For it is in giving that we receive."
We have given Jannier and Miriam hope, and we have welcomed another son and his mother into our family.


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Mary Cashman filed papers in Stamford, Connecticut Superior Court yesterday after the latest in the Yankee GM's para-familial activities became public. The filing comes just days after Louise Meanwell—currently living it up on Rikers Island because she could not post bail—was arrested for stalking Brian Cashman.
Mary Cashman, who has now endured two publicly humiliating allegations of her husband's philandering, has been living apart from Brian Cashman in the family's $3.7 million Darien mansion with the kids, sources said.
She hired top divorce counsel Gaetano Ferro, who repped Jane Welch during her half-billion-dollar split from former GE boss Jack Welch.
The papers filed on behalf of Mary Cashman described the relationship as "broken down irretrievably." She has requested permanent alimony, a split of their property and joint custody of their two children. Since the Cashmans have been separated and living in different residences for some time, we're guessing these most recent revelations finally gave Mary Cashman enough ammo to make it official.
Wife of Yankees GM files for divorce after latest cheating allegations [NY Post]


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Newsletter od:
Newsletter od 2018-10-02
New function for the portal manager
The portal manager on reedb.com, with which automated offers are transmitted to other real estate portals, has been extended by the function "time-delayed sending". This makes it possible to send new offers to the respective portal only after a certain period of time. Possible are up to 99 hours or up to 99 days.


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This is a picture gallery for our Specialty Drinks. All the photos of our drinks are included in this gallery.
Food really should look as good as it tastes whenever possible. That is why it is important to consider presentation when you are preparing your food and not simply thinking of it as an afterthought. Although with some foods it is difficult, if not impossible, to improve the visual qualities of the dish. Even then it is possible to hide an unpleasant appearance with another element.


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A cool new development in bullet stopping tech happening at Rice University. This from the school's web site:
A Rice University lab, in collaboration with researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and its Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, decided to find out by creating the nanoscale target materials, the microscale ammo and even the method for firing them.
Ned Thomas, dean of the George R. Brown School of Engineering at Rice and a materials scientist, holds a polyurethane disk with the bullets it stopped and sealed inside. Thomas is leading an investigation into the characteristics of such materials at the nanoscale.
In the process, they gathered a surprising amount of information about how materials called block copolymers dissipate the strain of sudden impact.
This video explains more:
Long time DT readers will remember the "Dragonskin" issue a couple of years ago. This polymer tech could render that discussion moot and be a big game changer in the world of personal protection.
(Gouge: Mike Archer)


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Jerry Westermeyer, Ph.D. Chicago Campus
"I believe that dialogue, in which both teacher
and students may learn from each other,
is a key component of education."
– Jerry F. Westermeyer, Ph.D.
Jerry F. Westermeyer, Ph.D.
Core Faculty, Psy.D. Program
I believe the aim of education is to invite participation that best develops strong, independent thinking, inspires individuals for continual learning and promotes social justice. The process of education should continue after graduation as students transcend both content and teacher over time. To best metabolize a discipline and become truly independent critical thinkers, students must, in part, both reject and accept (or take in) aspects of teachers and mentors.
I believe that dialogue, in which both teacher and students may learn from each other, is a key component of education. Consequently, I emphasize discussions in my class that focus on problem solving skills, listening and tolerating different interpretations and solutions. I believe that the highest form of scholarship involves paradox and so class dialogue should involve questions that imply two or more credible responses. In shared inquiry, a form of dialogue I use extensively in my classes, students are asked to respectfully listen to others and to support their interpretations with evidence and logic. I believe that diversity is best advanced by such authentic dialogue.
I also believe that research and science on one hand and clinical practice and social justice on the other hand are not inimical to one another—but rather serve each other. To best promote social justice and clinical training, a solid foundation in research and science is essential—and my heroes easily move in interdisciplinary and multiple spheres based on empirical science.
I teach at Adler University because I love teaching and I believe in its students. In general, I find most Adler students motivated to learn and to help others. I consider it a privilege to teach such students.
Please email or call me 312.662.4351 if you have questions or would like more information about me.
- Ph.D., Committee on Human Development, The University of Chicago
- M.A., International Relations, The University of Chicago
- B.A., Political Science and History, St. Mary's College
- Licensed Clinical Psychologist (LCP, Illinois)
Professional Memberships
- American Psychological Association (APA)
- Midwestern Psychological Association (MPA)
- Society for Research in Psychopathology (SRP)
Select Publications
- Waters, D. P., Westermeyer, J. F., Gralewski, C., Schneider, M. F. & Warkentin, M. (2008). Lifestyle among abuse-reporting outpatients. The Journal of Individual Psychology, 64, 55–66.
- Westermeyer, J. F. (2004). Predictors and characteristics of Erikson's Life cycle model among men: A 32-year longitudinal study. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 58, 29–48.
- Westermeyer, J. F. (2001). Severity of psychosocial stressors scale. The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology and behavioral science, third edition, 4. (pp. 1498–1500). New York, NY: Wiley & Sons.
- Westermeyer, J. F. (1998). Predictors and characteristics of mental health among men at midlife: A 32-year longitudinal study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 68, 265–273.
- Westermeyer, J. F. (1993). Schizophrenia. In P. Tolan and B. Cohler (Eds.), Handbook of clinical research and practice with adolescents. (pp. 359-385) New York, NY: Wiley & Sons.
Select Presentations
- The PCMAD (Primary Care Mood and Anxiety Diagnoser): Noteworthy Briefs from the Field, PCMAD: A Self-Report Scale for Improved Detection of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, 15(5), 26–27, 2008
- Adler School Faculty Award for Excellence in Teaching, 2008–2009
- Postdoctoral Fellowship in Clinical Psychology Research, Michael Reese Hospital, 1982–1983


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Prices for single-family homes climbed in almost 88 percent of U.S. cities in the fourth quarter as the housing recovery broadened.
The median sales price rose from a year earlier in 133 of 152 metropolitan areas measured, the National Association of Realtors said in a report Monday. In the third quarter, 120 areas had gains.
An improving job market and low interest rates are driving up prices by fueling demand for a tightening supply of listings. The national median price for an existing single-family home was $178,900 in the fourth quarter, up 10 percent from the same period last year. That was the biggest gain since 2005, according to the Realtors group.
�Home sales are on a sustained uptrend,� Lawrence Yun, chief economist for the National Association of Realtors, said in the report. �Home sales are being fueled by a pent-up demand and job creation, along with still-favorable affordability conditions and rents rising at faster rates.�
At the end of the fourth quarter, 1.82 million previously owned homes were available for sale, 22 percent fewer than a year earlier, according to the Chicago-based Realtors group.
The best-performing metro area was Phoenix, where prices jumped 34 percent from a year earlier. Prices rose 31 percent in Detroit and 28 percent in San Francisco.
In Phoenix, the inventory of foreclosed homes and short sales, when lenders agree to sell for less than the mortgage balance, plunged 42 percent in December from a year earlier, said Michael Orr, director of the Center for Real Estate Theory and Practice at Arizona State University�s W.P. Carey School of Business.
�Foreclosures and short sales have gone down, eliminating the sources of many cheap homes,� Orr said in a Feb. 7 report. �So the more expensive types of transactions, like normal resales and new-home sales, went up. As a result, new-home construction, which was at rock bottom in 2011, also really came roaring back in 2012.�
Private-equity investors including Blackstone Group LP and Colony Capital LLC are helping to reduce inventory in Phoenix as they compete to buy low-cost foreclosures they plan to operate as rental properties.
Other areas hard-hit by the foreclosure crisis showed large price increases. Prices climbed 26 percent in Cape Coral, Fla.; 22 percent in California�s Riverside and San Bernardino counties; and 20 percent in Las Vegas.
In the New York, Northern New Jersey and Long Island metropolitan area, prices increased 3.6 percent.
The Kingston, N.Y., area had the biggest decline in the Realtors group�s report, with the median selling price falling 7.9 percent in the quarter. It was followed by Kankakee, Ill., with an 7 percent decrease, and Erie, Pa., with a 6.1 percent drop.
Prices in Western states climbed 20 percent to a median $245,200, the biggest gain of any area, according to the Realtors group. Prices in Northeastern states rose the least, up 0.7 percent to a median $228,400.
The Realtors group�s Housing Affordability Index averaged 193.5 in 2012, up from 186.4 in 2011 and the highest since record keeping began in 1970. The index is calculated on the relationship between median home price, median family income and average effective mortgage interest rates.


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My friend Jill recently posted a link on her Facebook page to How to Mentor a Kid with Big (Possibly Unrealistic) Dreams by Lori Pickert from Project-Based Homeschooling. The article touches on something that I've struggled with in the past. What's the "right" way to respond to your kids when they have dreams that are beyond what you think they can accomplish – either now or ever? Do you encourage them even though you *know* it's not going to work? Do you attempt to let them down gently to avoid disappointment and tell them you don't think it's possible? Maybe we are trying to save them from embarrassment or even save ourselves from embarrassment. Maybe we are afraid of failure — either for ourselves or our kids.
What's a mom to do?
For example, my 6-year-old son has often said when he grows up he is going to invent a machine that makes him become a kid again or he's going to time travel or become a super hero that does X, Y, or Z. When he first started voicing these lofty goals, I wasn't sure how to react. My first thought was, "that's probably not going to happen, buddy" but I didn't say that out loud. Instead I'd try my best to encourage him, even if I felt like his ideas weren't based in reality, but it was a struggle for me. Was I doing the right thing?
Pickert says:
Before you move to stop your children from trying to do the impossible, take a breath and remember what your job is: to mentor and support, to brainstorm and listen, to remind and reflect. Your job isn't to step in and tell them their ideas won't work and their plans are doomed.
Remind yourself:
You don't know what your kid can do.
One example shared in the article is about a child who wants to write a novel and have it published by a real publisher. Something similar came up for my daughter a few years ago. Unfortunately, I hadn't figured this all out yet and rather than encouraging her and then (potentially, but who knows?!) see her fail, I thought I was being a good mom and tried to prevent disappointment by explaining how hard it would be to do or something along those lines.
Pickert points out that when you respond that way, "You haven't prevented disappointment — you've only brought it from the misty future to the right now, and you also killed all the learning and skill-building that would have happened in the interim.
Choose to deliver your bad news — that her dream is statistically unlikely — and what will happen to her ambitions? What will happen to her idea of herself as a writer? Will she wait and start her writing career at 15? At twenty? Never?"
Had I encouraged her, who knows what would have happened. But I'm not beating myself up over this either. I live and learn, just like the next person. All I can do is hope to do better the next time.
There are a lot of great examples and quotes in Pickert's article (and comments following it). So many that I want to quote here, but I will just recommend that you click over and read it yourselves. If you have a big dreamer in your life, it is worth the read.
You cannot predict the path an authentic, self-motivated learner is going to take. When you guess — and then decide to go ahead and pull the plug because you know it won't work out — you eliminate all the learning that happens along the way.
It really goes along with the quote by Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Life is a journey, not a destination." The journey is all about the learning, the trials and tribulations, the mistakes and the triumphs, the tears and the joy. When we tell our kids, "This just isn't going to work," we remove the opportunity for them to experience all of those things.
Related blogs:
- The 30 Year Old Ninja – "I quit my job, I moved to Japan. I want to be a Ninja. What's your dream?" – Talk about following your dreams at any age!!
- From The Homeschool Classroom: Being a Realistic Mom While Still Encouraging Your Kids to Dream Big
- From Daily Kos – Just Another Unschooling Story: No Big Deal
Don't miss a single CDG post, subscribe to my blog.


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SAMJ: South African Medical Journal
On-line version ISSN 2078-5135
Print version ISSN 0256-9574
SAMJ, S. Afr. med. j. vol.102 n.1 Cape Town Jan. 2012
Traumatic rhabdomyolysis (crush syndrome)in the rural setting
K J RosedaleI; D WoodII
IBSc, MB ChB, Ngwelezane Hospital Emergency Department, Empangeni, KwaZulu-natal
IIMB ChB, BPharm, MPhil, FCEM (UK), DipPEC, DA, Ngwelezane Hospital Emergency Department, Empangeni, KwaZulu-natal
BACKGROUND: Patients with traumatic rhabdomyolysis (crush syndrome)(CS) secondary to community beatings commonly present to a rural emergency department that has limited access to dialysis services. We describe a retrospective study of patients admitted with a diagnosis of CS to the emergency department of a government hospital in rural KwaZulu-Natal, between November 2008 and June 2009.
OBJECTIVES: We assessed identification and management of these patients, considering: (i) early adverse parameters used to identify poor prognosis, (ii) the importance of early recognition, and (iii) appropriate management with aggressive fluid therapy and alkaline diuresis to prevent progression to renal failure.
METHODS: Diagnosis was based on clinical suspicion and haematuria. Exclusion criteria included a blood creatine kinase level <1 000 U/l on admission. Data captured included demographics, the offending weapon, time of injury and presentation to hospital, and admission laboratory results. Outcome measures included length of time in the resuscitation unit, and subsequent movement to the main ward or dialysis unit, discharge from hospital, or death.
RESULTS: Forty-four patients were included in the study (41 male, 3 female), all presenting within 24 hours of injury: 27 were assaulted with sjamboks or sticks, 43 were discharged to the ward with normal or improving renal function, and 1 patient died.
CONCLUSION: Serum potassium, creatinine, and creatine kinase levels were important early parameters for assessing CS severity; 43 patients (98%) had a favourable outcome, owing to early recognition and institution of appropriate therapy - vital in the absence of dialysis services.
Inadequate policing in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and an overloaded judicial system has lead to vigilante justice, where local community protection groups administer corporal punishment for criminal behaviour. Their intentions are to injure, but not kill, to serve as a warning to potential perpetrators.1,2 Beatings frequently result in traumatic rhabdomyolysis (crush syndrome) (CS), which can rapidly cause acute renal failure (ARF) and death. Early identification of CS involves recognition of characteristic signs, including 'tramline' bruising (distinctive lines suggestive of beating with a sjambok), ecchymosis over large muscle groups, and widespread blunt trauma.
Assault injuries are commonly presented to the emergency department of the Ngwelezane (NGW) Hospital - a tertiary referral centre for northern KZN. New departmental clinical guidelines were introduced, with a focus on early identification of patients with CS, their admission to the critical care/resuscitation area, and aggressive management of hypovolaemia and acidosis. We describe a retrospective study of CS patients admitted to the hospital between November 2008 and June 2009.
Myoglobin, potassium (K) and creatine kinase (CK) are released from damaged muscle cells. 'Coca Cola' urine discolouration caused by myoglobin is pathognomonic of CS. As an early prognostic marker, testing for the protein in urine is not always possible in a rural setting; however, the presence of blood (haematuria - determined with a dipstick test) serves as a positive indicator for myoglobin. Myoglobin is converted to ferrihaemate in acidotic conditions (urinary pH <5.6),3 resulting in sludging and mechanical obstruction in the nephrons; urine alkalinisation with sodium bicarbonate (maintaining pH > 6.5) significantly reduces this conversion.4-10 More than 3 times the normal upper limit of CK in the blood (>1 000 U/l) is essential for a diagnosis of CS.11 Deteriorating renal function can be monitored with serum urea and creatinine measurements, which will rise with increased renal dysfunction.
Tissue damage also causes significant third-spacing and depletion of intravascular volume, requiring early aggressive fluid volume replacement. This is the cornerstone of treatment recommended by the International Society of Nephrology Renal Disaster Relief Taskforce, with a target urine output of >3 ml/kg/h.6-10,12 Mannitol can be administered to patients who remain oliguric/anuric despite a central venous pressure (CVP) of 15 cm H2O.6A protocol developed in the early 1990s, suggesting aggressive fluids and diuresis, reduced CS-related mortality from 13 - 15% to 2.5%.13
All patients admitted with a diagnosis of CS to the resuscitation unit of NGW Hospital between November 2008 and June 2009 were included in the study; admission medical records were retrospectively analysed. Research ethics approval was obtained from the NGW Hospital Ethics Committee. Diagnosis was based on clinical suspicion without laboratory tests, i.e. 'tramline' bruising, ecchymosis over large muscle groups and widespread blunt trauma, combined with micro- or macroscopic haematuria. Patients without these criteria, or with irretrievable admission notes, were excluded. Exclusion criteria also included CK levels <1 000 U/l in initial blood samples taken on hospital admission.
Data concerning age, sex, offending weapon, time of assault, and time of presentation to hospital were collected. Admission test results were recorded, including degree of haematuria, urinary pH, serum pH, and serum levels of CK, K, urea, creatinine and amylase. CVP line insertion and the amount of bicarbonate, mannitol and furosemide administered was also documented. Outcome measures included the length of time spent in the resuscitation unit, and subsequent movement to the main ward or dialysis unit, discharge from hospital, or death.
Results and discussion
Forty-four patients were included in the study (41 male, 3 female); average age (mean) was 27 years (range 14 - 53). All patients presented within 24 hours of injury; 20 within 6 hours, 11 within 6 -12 hours, 6 within 12 - 24 hours, and timing unknown in 7 patients. Similar numbers of patients had suffered beatings with sticks, metal bars, and sjamboks; 2 were beaten with fists, and 4 were injured with an unknown weapon. Recorded outcome measures are summarised in Table I.
Two patients had 'Coca Cola' urine pathognomonic of rhabdomyolysis, and 29 showed haemoglobin (Hb4+) on urine dipsticks, indicative of myoglobinuria. A urinary pH of 5 was recorded in 37 patients on admission; intravenous sodium bicarbonate was administered.
A variety of studies give weight to different predictors of ARF development in initial blood tests; however, urea, creatinine, K, and CK are universally cited.14,15Three of the 5 patients who needed prolonged resuscitation ( > 48 hours) had raised serum creatinine, suggesting that this is a significant indicator of CS severity (Table II).
High urea concentrations were reported in initial blood samples of 8 patients, 1 of whom required prolonged resuscitation. Blood urea can be an indicator of intravascular depletion, but also of recent protein intake. Urea levels in initial samples of 18 patients were lower than the normal range, possibly indicating a poverty-related lowprotein diet. Urea was therefore a weak prognostic marker of renal compromise.
All hyperkalaemic patients (5) had elevated CK (>1 725 U/l); a strong correlation between serum K and CK has been documented.12,15It may be significant that 3 of the hyperkalaemic patients had some degree of renal failure on admission. Presentation within 24 hours of injury coincides with the time when the risk of hyperkalaemia complications is highest. Hyperkalaemia is thought to be the major cause of mortality in CS, and the most important indicator of the need for dialysis,12 including a strong correlation with creatinine levels.16
Interestingly, 3 patients were hypokalaemic on admission; the patient with the lowest K level (2.94 mEq/l) remained in the resuscitation unit for more than 48 hours, and was admitted with a blood creatinine level of 355 µmol/l (Table II). A high rate of hypokalaemia (as opposed to hyperkalaemia) was documented after the Bingöl earthquake in Turkey in 2003: K replacement was necessary in resuscitation efforts; the reason for this is unknown.17
The lower limit of serum CK to exclude CS ranges in the literature from 520 - 1 000 U/l.16,18 In a study of 2 083 ICU trauma admissions, the lowest CK level linked to renal failure was 5 000 U/l; 19% of those with CK above this concentration developed renal failure.18Elevated CK levels consistently relate to the need for dialysis.15,18
The main cause of morbidity in this study was ARF secondary to CS, and the subsequent need for dialysis. Of 44 patients at risk of CS, 43 (98%) were discharged from the resuscitation unit with normal or improving renal function. In contrast to studies describing earthquake victims where prolonged entrapment is characteristic, all patients presented within 24 hours of injury, which gives the advantage of early intervention, provided that the condition has manifested. This emphasises that clinical suspicion is of key importance in a busy casualty department run by junior staff. Simple tests with urine dipsticks should not be underestimated; this useful bedside test is widely available and easy to use.
Traumatic CS has previously been related to a high incidence of ARF and mortality, especially when dialysis is not readily available. Favourable outcomes of CS cases in this study can be attributed to early recognition by simple means, and skilful management in the ordinary casualty department described.
Clinical signs and screening with urine dipsticks aid identification of at-risk patients. Blood tests to determine K, creatinine and CK concentrations are important for prognostication, alerting the clinician to the severity of rhabdomyolysis and guiding appropriate treatment. Measuring CK is a cheap and reliable means of aiding CS diagnosis, and must be encouraged in all suspected cases. Elevated K and creatinine may suggest impending renal compromise, while urea may be less indicative in a population with a low-protein diet. In all cases, forced alkaline diuresis is indicated.
Author contributions. KR and DW contributed to conception, design and drafting of the manuscript. KR was responsible for interpretation and analysis, and DW approved the manuscript for final publication.
1. Mistry D. Falling Crime, Rising Fear: 2003 National Victims of Crime Survey. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. SA Crime Quarterly 2004;8:17-24. [ Links ]
2. Proctor M, Carter N, Barker P. Community assault - the cost of rough justice. S Afr Med J 2009;99(3):160-161. [ Links ]
3. Forrest M, Southern D, Neal M, et al. Anaesthetic Trauma And Critical Care (ATACC) Course Manual Ed. 6.2. Warrington, UK: ATACC, 2006;209-215. [ Links ]
4. Better OS. The crush syndrome revisited (1940-1990). Nephron 1990;55(2):97-103. [ Links ]
5. Michaelson M. Crush injury and crush syndrome. World J Surg 1992;16(5):889-903. [ Links ]
6. Sever MS, Vanholder R, Lameire N. Management of crush-related injuries after disasters. N Engl J Med 2006;354(10):1052-1063. [ Links ]
7. Better OS. Rescue and salvage of casualties suffering from the crush syndrome after mass disasters. Mil Med 1999;164(5):366-369. [ Links ]
8. Abassi ZA, Hoffman A, Better OS. Acute renal failure complicating muscle crush injury. Semin Nephrol 1998;18(5):558-565. [ Links ]
9. Better OS, Rubinstein I. Management of shock and acute renal failure in casualties suffering from the crush syndrome. Ren Fail 1997;19(5):647-653. [ Links ]
10. Malinoski DJ, Slate MS, Mullins RJ. Crush injury and rhabdomyolysis. Crit Care Clin 2004;20(1):171-192. [ Links ]
11. Ward MM. Factors predictive of acute renal failure in rhabdomyolysis. Arch Intern Med 1988;148(7):1553-1557. [ Links ]
12. Better OS, Rubinstein I, Winaver JM, Knochel JP. Mannitol therapy revisited (1940- 1997). Kidney Int 1997;52(4):886-894. [ Links ]
13. Knottenbelt JD. Traumatic rhabdomyolysis from severe beating - experience of volume diuresis in 200 patients. J Trauma 1994;37(2):214-219. [ Links ]
14. Ensari C, Tüfekçioglu O, Ayli D, et al. Response to delayed fluid therapy in crush syndrome. Nephron 2002;92(4):941-943. [ Links ]
15. Erek E, Sever MS, Serdengeçti K, et al. An overview of morbidity and mortality in patients with acute renal failure due to crush syndrome: the Marmara earthquake experience. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002;17(1):33-40. [ Links ]
16. Fernandez WG, Hung O, Bruno GR, et al. Factors predictive of acute renal failure and need for hemodialysis among ED patients with rhabdomyolysis. Am J Emerg Med 2005;23(1):1-7. [ Links ]
17. Gunal AI, Celiker H, Dogukan A, et al. Early and vigorous fluid resuscitation prevents acute renal failure in the crush victims of catastrophic earthquakes. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15(7):1862-1867. [ Links ]
18. Brown CV, Rhee P, Chan L, et al. Preventing renal failure in patients with rhabdomyolysis: do bicarbonate and mannitol make a difference? J Trauma 2004;56(6):1191-1196. [ Links ]
Accepted 17 October 2011.
Corresponding author: D Wood (firstname.lastname@example.com)


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Jessica Simpson may have started her career marketing herself as a good Christian girl -- but according to insiders, the singer likes to imbibe on more than holy water.
Simpson's drunken ways reportedly helped ex-boyfriend Tony Romo seal the deal on their recent split, sources told Fox News after the pop darling and the Dallas Cowboys quarterback called it quits.
"Jessica would get really drunk and obnoxious, it was out of control," a source told Fox.
U.S. & World
"She would be sprawled everywhere with her head on his lap and the look on Tony's face said it all," the source said. "He was so embarrassed in front of all the guys and his teammates were really harsh on him over it."
The "Sweet Kisses" crooner, who starred on MTV with ex-husband Nick Lachey in the reality hit "Newlyweds," rose to fame as a baby-faced, virginal pop star who famously saved herself until marriage.
After her divorce from Lachey, who sang with pop band 98 Degrees, Simpson briefly dated John Mayer -- but eventually went back to her down-home roots when she set up shop with fellow Texan Romo.
Simpson told Glamour magazine before she and Romo ended their relationship that no matter how long they stayed together, she would always love the football star.
"If this article comes out and we're not together, I'd still love [Tony], and he'd still be a huge part of who I am today," Simpson said in the magazine.


text: As alumni, we have a unique perspective on the value of Covenant. We experienced the transformational education that helped renew our minds, as we grew to be lifelong learners, to seek and to recognize the preeminence of Christ in and through all things. And as alumni, we carry on this legacy while helping ensure the opportunity of a Covenant education for future generations of Scots.


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via press release:
ALCS Game 2 Up +44% Compared to Last Year's NLCS Game 2 on FOX
Two-Game Average Also Up An Impressive +21%
Detroit Posts Best LCS Rating Ever
Detroit, MI – Going into the 8th inning of last night's American League Championship Series Game 2, most had chalked up another win for the Detroit Tigers but with one swing of the bat, David Ortiz tied the game and set the stage for an amazing Red Sox victory in the bottom of the ninth.
That dramatic comeback, which evened the ALCS 1-1, delivered a 5.2/8 national household rating, with 8.3 million viewers, according to Nielsen Media Research, up +44% compared to last year's National League Championship Series Game 2 on FOX (3.6/6; 5.6 million viewers). Last night's Game 2 was also up +24% over 2011's Game 2 of the ALCS on FOX (4.2/8; 6.6 million viewers) for Tigers vs. Rangers.
Through two games, the 2013 ALCS on FOX is averaging a 4.7/8 (7.5 million viewers), up +21% over last year's 3.9/6 for NLCS on FOX, tying 2010's LCS average as FOX's highest-rated through two games since 2009.
Additional Demo Highlights:
- Last night's Game 2 out-performed last year's NLCS Game 2 in key male demographics led by an +86% increase in Men 18-34 (2.6 vs. 1.4) and a +56% increase among Men 18-49 (3.1 vs. 2.0) respectively. Game 2 is up +50% among adults 18-49 (2.4 vs. 1.6).
- In key demo rating comparisons through two games, the 2013 ALCS on FOX is up +33% among Men 18-34 (2.4 vs. 1.8); up +22% among Men 18-49 (2.8 vs. 2.3); and up +17% among Adults 18-49 (2.1 vs. 1.8).
Through two games, Detroit leads all markets with a 30.5/47 and recorded its best LCS rating ever with last night's game (34.5/50). Boston's two-game average is a 21.2/39, followed by Providence (20.1/33.5); Hartford (16.5/29); Baltimore (16.0/29); San Diego (11.4/26); Indianapolis (8.8/15); Las Vegas (6.5/11) and St. Louis (6.4/11.5).


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PACE Alive and Well // Part 5: What Contractors Should Know to Participate in PACE
A version of this article appears in the Spring 2017 issue of Home Energy Magazine.
March 01, 2017
This is the fifth and last part in a series that describes how PACE financing is revolutionizing the home performance contracting industry. Participating in PACE as a registered contractor carries with it a strong potential for growth, and calls for a high degree of responsibility. Representatives need to understand the ins and outs of the financing model so that they represent the options accurately to their customers. And contractors who participate in HERO's PACE program must meet HERO's high standards. It's important for contractors to understand the consumer protections in place for HERO homeowners. For example, unlike other forms of financing, homeowners have the final say that the job is completed to their satisfaction before HERO releases funds to the contractor.
To read complete online articles, you need to sign up for an Online Subscription.
Once an order has been placed there is an automatic $10 processing fee that will be deducted with any cancellation.
The Home Energy Online articles are for personal use only and may not be printed for distribution. For permission to reprint, please send an e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Sunday, December 23, 2012
"Only in an insanely stupid society would people put their children in government buildings, advertise them as completely defenseless, then heavily medicate other children and teens with suicide pills that have been linked to nearly every mass shooting in America."
Mike Adams
I'm not a member of the NRA, but when an organization states such a powerful, obvious truth that can help save lives, I am obliged to recognize the wisdom of it even if I'm not personally a member of that group. Yesterday, the NRA called for defending our nation's schoolchildren with armed adults in the schools.
The NRA's reasoning is solid. As NRA president Wayne LaPierre explained:
How have our nation's priorities gotten so far out of order? Think about it. We care about our money, so we protect our banks with armed guards. American airports, office buildings, power plants, courthouses — even sports stadiums — are all protected by armed security.
We care about the President, so we protect him with armed Secret Service agents. Members of Congress work in offices surrounded by armed Capitol Police officers.
Yet when it comes to the most beloved, innocent and vulnerable members of the American family — our children — we as a society leave them utterly defenseless, and the monsters and predators of this world know it and exploit it. That must change now!
Source: www.NRA.org
Schools are advertised as defenseless killing zones
The NRA also points out another crucial truth we've all been trying to explain recently: By declaring schools to be "gun free zones," our federal government has advertised to all psychopaths, killers and mass murderers that schools are the safest "target" of choice, where they can succeed in carrying out the most carnage with the least personal risk.
This policy is delusional… it is insane. And it is the product of delusional thinking which abandons all logic and somehow believes that signs are magical devices. But they are not. Signs do not prevent psychopaths with guns from walking into schools and opening fire. If anything, signs actually worsen the risk to our children because they assure psychopathic killers that no one will shoot back.
As the NRA stated yesterday:
Now, we must speak … for the safety of our nation's children. Because for all the noise and anger directed at us over the past week, no one — nobody — has addressed the most important, pressing and immediate question we face: How do we protect our children right now, starting today, in a way that we know works?
The only way to answer that question is to face up to the truth. Politicians pass laws for Gun-Free School Zones. They issue press releases bragging about them. They post signs advertising them.
And in so doing, they tell every insane killer in America that schools are their safest place to inflict maximum mayhem with minimum risk.
How many more copycats are waiting in the wings for their moment of fame — from a national media machine that rewards them with the wall-to-wall attention and sense of identity that they crave — while provoking others to try to make their mark?
A dozen more killers? A hundred? More? How can we possibly even guess how many, given our nation's refusal to create an active national database of the mentally ill?
The White House and mainstream media have created a massive fear mongering hoax
In truth, the White House and media have created a grand fear mongering hoax, scaring half the country into thinking mad shooters are hiding behind every corner, ready to kill their children. But the actual risk of being killed in a mass shooting in America is virtually zero. Each year, over 32,000 Americans are killed in automobile accidents, meaning that 1,160 times the number of people killed at Sandy Hook.
In America today, you are more likely to be killed by a deer in the road than in a mass shooting. You're more like to die from lightning or a swimming pool accident. Yet the media has whipped up a frothing fear among the American people, practically terrorizing American moms and dads in its obscene effort to push its own selfish political agenda of disarming the American people.
During all this, the media is ignoring all the other relevant factors that promote mass violence:
• Violent movies and video games, including one game called "Kindergarten Shooter"
• Psychiatric drugs, which are almost always linked to mass shootings
• Lack of real mental health care based on nutrition, not dangerous chemicals
• Lack of any armed defense of our children
As the NRA explains:
Here's another dirty little truth that the media try their best to conceal: There exists in this country a callous, corrupt and corrupting shadow industry that sells, and sows, violence against its own people.
Through vicious, violent video games with names like Bulletstorm, Grand Theft Auto, Mortal Kombat and Splatterhouse. And here's one: it's called Kindergarten Killers. It's been online for 10 years. How come my research department could find it and all of yours either couldn't or didn't want anyone to know you had found it?
Then there's the blood-soaked slasher films like "American Psycho" and "Natural Born Killers" that are aired like propaganda loops on "Splatterdays" and every day, and a thousand music videos that portray life as a joke and murder as a way of life. And then they have the nerve to call it "entertainment."
But is that what it really is? Isn't fantasizing about killing people as a way to get your kicks really the filthiest form of pornography?
In a race to the bottom, media conglomerates compete with one another to shock, violate and offend every standard of civilized society by bringing an ever-more-toxic mix of reckless behavior and criminal cruelty into our homes — every minute of every day of every month of every year.
A child growing up in America witnesses 16,000 murders and 200,000 acts of violence by the time he or she reaches the ripe old age of 18.
And throughout it all, too many in our national media … their corporate owners … and their stockholders … act as silent enablers, if not complicit co-conspirators. Rather than face their own moral failings, the media demonize lawful gun owners, amplify their cries for more laws and fill the national debate with misinformation and dishonest thinking that only delay meaningful action and all but guarantee that the next atrocity is only a news cycle away.
The only thing that can stop a bad person with a gun is a GOOD person with a gun
People who claim to be opposed to guns aren't actually opposed to guns. They still think the President should be guarded by men with guns; that airports should be guarded by men with guns; and that men with guns should come rushing to your home if you call 911 to report a strange person lurking outside your bedroom window.
The point is that it's the nature of the person carrying the gun that matters, not the tool itself.
As the NRA's LaPierre explains:
A gun in the hands of a Secret Service agent protecting the President isn't a bad word. A gun in the hands of a soldier protecting the United States isn't a bad word. And when you hear the glass breaking in your living room at 3 a.m. and call 911, you won't be able to pray hard enough for a gun in the hands of a good guy to get there fast enough to protect you.
Now, the National Rifle Association knows that there are millions of qualified active and retired police; active, reserve and retired military; security professionals; certified firefighters and rescue personnel; and an extraordinary corps of patriotic, trained qualified citizens to join with local school officials and police in devising a protection plan for every school. We can deploy them to protect our kids now. We can immediately make America's schools safer — relying on the brave men and women of America's police force.
Only in an insanely stupid society would people put their children in government buildings, advertise them as completely defenseless, then heavily medicate other children and teens with suicide pills that have been linked to nearly every mass shooting in America.
That's pure insanity. It's time we stopped the insanity and got real about what it takes to stop armed psychopaths from killing our children.
Posted by Wallyworld
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This storage piece features cedar-lined bottom drawers to help protect your clothing. A mark of quality furniture construction for centuries, cedar acts as a natural repellant to mildew and moths, and provides a pleasing aroma. Protect out-of-season clothing or bedding from harmful elements with this item's cedar-lined drawer(s).
The Commonwealth Chest by Bassett at AHFA in the area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.
This furniture collection is expertly designed to mix and match perfectly with items from within the group as well as with your existing furniture decor of the same style. The group was crafted with inspiration from the neoclassic furniture of Sweden in the late 18th century. This style, sometimes known as the "Gustavian" design style, uses simplified yet elegant forms to create pieces that have a light and airy look. Each piece in this group is crafted from Elm veneers and Asian hardwood solids with pewter hardware adding a finishing touch.
The Commonwealth collection is a great option if you are looking for furniture in the area.
Browse other items in the Commonwealth collection from AHFA in the area.
This item has been tagged as: Chests, Storage Chest, Toy Chest, Chest of Drawers, Hope Chest, Drawer Chest, Dresser, Bureau, Furniture, Bedroom Furniture, Bedroom Accent Furniture, Clothing Storage, Gentlemen's Chest, Cabinet, Commode, Trunk, Small Cabinet, Furniture with Drawers, Storage Furniture
Nothing on this page may be copied or reproduced without explicit permission.


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I managed to get some time to setup an automated generation of the doxygen docs for kernel subsystems of FreeBSD on my webserver.
Every night/morning (German timezone) the sources will be updated, and the docs get regenerated (this takes some time). Currently this depends upon some patches to the makefile and doxygen config files in tools/kerneldoc/subsys. Everything is generated directly in the place where the webserver will look for to deliver the pages, so if you browse this in the middle of the generation, the content may not be consistent (yet).
Please be nice to the webserver and do not mirror this. You can generate this yourself very easy. Assuming you have the FreeBSD source on a local hard disk, you just need to download the patch from http://www.Leidinger.net/FreeBSD/current-patches/ (if you do not find dox.diff, update your FreeBSD sources and everything will be OK), apply the patch, cd into tools/kerneldoc/subsys and run "make all" (or "make vm" or whatever you are interested in). You need doxygen installed, off course.
If you want to setup something like this yourself, just download the script which is doing all the work, change some variables in the beginning, and create your own local version of the complete docs.
In case this is using significant traffic, I will ask core/admins if there is the possibility to host it on FreeBSD.org resources.


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Situated by the River Arno among the Tuscany hills, Florence is surely one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Its associations with art, culture and luxury can make it an expensive destination. Rather than staying in a restricting hotel, consider renting self-catering accommodation. Not only will you save money to spend on activities, you and your family will have more space. When your children have finally had enough of pizza and mouth-watering ice-cream, cook them their favourite food just when it suits you. After a morning sightseeing, come back to your apartment for a siesta to replenish your energy in time for the evening.
3d之家首页Admirers of Italian Renaissance art will be in their element in Florence, and the Uffizi Gallery will be top of the list of places to visit. Try to go early, as the queues build up quickly. Don't miss the Duomo, Brunelleschi's red-tiled dome: those who climb the 463 steps to the top will be rewarded with a breath-taking view. The statue of David in Piazza della Signoria is just a replica; to see Michelangelo's original David be sure to visit the Galleria dell'Accademia. When you have had your fill of art and museums, enjoy watching craftsmen at work in the Oltrarno Workshops. Relax with a glass of Chianti at the end of the day, when you might be lucky enough to witness a glorious sunset over the River Arno.
Florence is the ideal city to introduce your children to the world of Italian art and culture. Visit the Children's Museum or Museo del Ragazzi at the Palazzo Vecchio, where there are actors and entertainers. Children as young as three can take part in activities such as dressing up or playing with lenses. Your budding scientists are likely to be fascinated by some of the exhibits at the Institute and Museum of Science. Florence is not all about museums, of course: why not go for a picnic in the Boboli Gardens at Palazzo Pitti? There is also the possibility of rides on the Antique Carousel at Piazza Repubblica, or a horse-riding tour of the city.
3d之家首页Renting a holiday flat in Florence is the perfect low-cost option for your family holiday. You can save even more money by staying in the outskirts of the city or by travelling in June or September, when the weather will be pleasantly warm. Why not read our unbiased customer reviews before you make your booking? We can offer you a range of self-catering accommodation in the city, and we assure you that we will give you the best value there is. You will enjoy your stay in Florence all the more when you book through us.
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Students in dozens of B.C. schools are practising a simple breathing exercise as part of a program that teachers say has the power to transform their lives.
Called MindUP, the program was created by actress Goldie Hawn during a sojourn in Vancouver several years ago. It is regarded as a beacon by those who believe schools must stretch beyond academics to provide students with social and emotional learning — also known as education for the heart.
Jennifer Erickson, a Vancouver teacher who has worked for years with intermediate students who have behavioural and learning difficulties, admits she was skeptical when first introduced to the program.
"I had a really challenging class . . . I didn't see how breathing [exercises] would help," she said in an interview.
But now she's a convert. Along with teacher colleague Janice Parry, she has taken a four-month leave of absence from the Vancouver school district to work with the Hawn Foundation in training MindUP teachers.
"It's changed lives," she said simply.
Parry, a MindUP trainer for the past two years, said the program has become overwhelmingly popular. "We've trained hundreds of teachers around the Lower Mainland," she said. "It's so popular, we're finding it hard to fill all the requests."
Kim Schonert-Reichl, a University of B.C. associate professor who received a grant from the Hawn Foundation in 2005 to conduct research on MindUP, said B.C. is one of several Canadian provinces and American states to recognize the importance of social and emotional learning.
While it's not a new concept, social and emotional learning has been overshadowed in recent years by a fixation in some schools on test scores, she said. Now educators are returning to the view that schools play an essential role in helping students to develop social awareness and become good citizens.
"Recent research shows that kids who are in programs that promote their social and emotional understanding . . . are more motivated in school, have fewer behavioural problems, have higher standardized achievement test scores [and] end up being happier, healthier people," she said.
Schonert-Reichl is one of the featured educators who will speak about heart-mind education at the 2009 Vancouver Peace Summit. She is described as a world-renowned expert on social, cognitive and emotional development whose research has proven the importance of those skills in developing empathy and compassion.
She points to Vancouver as an example of a school district that understands the importance of social and emotional learning. It even has a social-responsibility manager: Lisa Pedrini, who oversees in-school programs such as MindUP, Friends for Life, RSVP (Respect, Safety, Violence Prevention), Second Step.
As part of its commitment to social responsibility, Vancouver also has an anti-homophobia consultant, Steve Mulligan.
B.C. schools have been teaching social responsibility, which incorporates social and emotional learning, for almost a decade. It's recognized as a "foundational skill", along with reading, writing and numeracy. To become socially responsible, students need self-awareness, self-control, awareness of others, empathy and good relationship skills.
Social and emotional skills help students live happier lives and become good citizens, educators say.
"We've been paying attention to this area for a long time, although our language around it might be changing," Pedrini said of Vancouver schools. "We're getting more sophisticated because . . . there's a whole new area of research emerging on this."
The Vancouver district has worked with Schonert-Reichl and her UBC colleague, professor Shelley Hymel, in developing specific programs. Along with Coquitlam, it has committed more resources than most districts to make social and emotional learning a reality in the classroom.
"It's not people doing it off the side of their desk or doing it as a portion of their job," Pedrini explained. "I do this as my whole job. We're lucky to have a team doing this work and supporting the schools."
It's an important endeavour in Vancouver schools because students have such diverse backgrounds, she noted. That not only creates a vibrant culture but also a need for students to learn how to get along.
More than 700 teachers in Lower Mainland schools are trained to deliver the MindUP program, which teaches children about the brain, how it functions and how they can make good choices. Through the deep-breathing exercises, students learn how to calm themselves and focus their attention.
It's described as a practice that quiets the mind, and both students and teachers report positive results, Parry said. "The success that we see is almost instant."
Children feel empowered when they can manage their emotions and make better choices, she added.
The program also helps students to become more aware of their senses, understand their feelings and be more mindful of others. Everything is reinforced through quiet breathing exercises three times a day.
Parry emphasized that the MindUP program is not religious. That became a concern last year in Coquitlam when some parents accused their elementary school of violating the law by allowing a religious practice into a public school. They compared the breathing exercise to Buddhist meditations.
The controversy was short-lived and the MindUP program continued.
Another social and emotional learning program is Roots of Empathy, which sees a mother and baby visit elementary-school classrooms on a regular basis throughout the year so that children in the class can observe the baby's development and needs.
It's been proven to reduce aggression and increase empathy among the students.
The program was developed in Toronto in 1996 and brought to Vancouver in 2000. Last year, it was delivered to almost 20,000 B.C. students in 483 schools.
Adele Diamond is another UBC researcher who will attend the Vancouver Peace Summit to share her findings about teaching self-control to children. During a recent study of a program called Tools of the Mind, she discovered surprising new benefits from play, including helping children stay focused.
Diamond, a professor in the faculty of medicine, noted that her conclusions come at a time when there is pressure to increase academic work in younger grades and reduce play. The program is not currently offered in B.C.
B.C. educators interested in social and emotional learning look to a Chicago-based organization for research and inspiration. The Collaborative for Academic Social and Emotional Learning (CASEL) is considered a world leader in the effort to make social and emotional learning an integral part of the K-12 education system.
Schonert-Reichl, on sabbatical at CASEL, said the organization was first called the Collaborative for Social and Emotional Learning "but no one paid attention to them — they had to put the word 'academic' in there."
Examples of codes of conduct in Vancouver schools that reflect social and emotional learning:
•Graham Bruce elementary: Be kind to others around you; treat others the way you wish to be treated; say and do kind things; be polite; be a role model and help others; help when someone is hurt; do not use insults or putdowns; report problems to teachers; include others in work and play; appreciate different backgrounds and abilities.
•Trafalgar elementary: "Our school code of conduct is based on the premise that we Care About Trafalgar. CAT has become our acronym. Within this overall theme, the students learn to care "about Myself", "about Others" and "about this Place" leading to our second acronym, MOP.
•Franklin elementary: Every student is responsible for his/her personal language, manner, habits and behaviour because these affect the feeling and safety of others. We all have a right to be respected. It is everyone's responsibility not to tease or bother people or to hurt their feelings. Every teacher/supervisor should speak and act toward pupils with respect and dignity and deal fairly with them, always mindful of their individual rights and sensibilities.
•Renfrew elementary: A safe and caring place, where everyone tries their best, treats each other kindly and respects the environment. Students, staff, families and the community working together to share ideas and create a wonderful place to learn.
Read more education news at http://vancouversun.com/reportcard/


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NOTE: for the OpenEmbedded General Assembly 2016, held the same day at the same location, see the page Berlin, 2016
Location and Time
Friday, October 14 2016
(after ELC-E [Oct 11-13])
Salon 16
- Florin Sarbu "fsarbu"
- Andrei Gherzan "agherzan"
- Khem Raj "khem"
- Armin Kuster "Armpit"
- Marco Cavallini "mckoan"
- Pierre-Jean Texier "pjtexier"
- Koen Kooi "koen"
- Anders Darander
- Sean Hudson "darknighte"
- Changhyeok Bae "chbae"
- Peter Kjellerstedt "Saur"
- Josef Holzmayr "LetoThe2nd"
- Vicentiu Neagoe
- Nicolas Dechesne "ndec"
- Denys Dmytriyenko "denix"
- Philip Balister "Crofton"
- Jan Lübbe "shoragan"
- Enrico Jörns
- Jeff Osier-Mixon "Jefro"
- Andrea Galbusera "gizero"
- Richard Purdie "RP"
- Changhyeok bae "chbae"
- Scott Murray "smurray"
- Behan Webster "behanw"
- (Jan-Simon Moeller "dl9pf") [may have to be at the AGL meeting scheduled the same day]
- Bruce Ashfield "zediii"
- Marcin Juszkiewicz "hrw"
- Mark Hatle "fray"
- Rich Persaud
- Kristian Amlie "kamender"
NOTE: if you add your name to this list, please let me know at firstname.lastname@example.com, otherwise watch this space for a link to attend by phone
Agenda Items
OpenEmbedded eV General Assembly Berlin,_2016
- Make perl and python distro features? [Saur]
- Support for meson build system? [Saur]
- Can devtool be made standalone, or how to use latest devtool with older version of OE? [Saur]
- Show off Wind River 'setup' tool (response to discussions from last year and this spring) [Fray]
- Suggestion for improvement of how to handle site and user configuration. See explanation below. [Saur]
- BSPs and layer name recommendations (try to start around 3pm to accommodate remote folks from the US)
- Make Mender, the OTA update framework, part of Yocto?
Site/user configuration
We would like to improve the possibilities for a developer to easily configure his/her environment to minimize the required changes that are needed after having sourced oe-init-build-env for a new build directory. Typically there are some options that must always be applied for all developers, e.g., proxy settings, and some that should be applied, e.g., locations of global download mirrors and sstate-caches. These typically belong in a site.conf file common to all developers. Then there are options that I as a developer always want as my defaults, e.g., how many bitbake threads and make processes to use in parallel, and to enable debug-tweaks and debug-tools by default. There is currently no suitable configuration file for these options.
To make it easier to configure these kind of static default options we suggest:
- That we add support for a new configuration file conf/user.conf that is included by bitbake.conf, e.g., after site.conf.
- Add a user specific directory to BBPATH by default, e.g., "${HOME}/.openembedded".
- It is also suggested that the name of this directory is available as a variable set in bitbake.conf, e.g., "OE_USER_DIR", so that it can be used as a default location for, e.g., DL_DIR in one's user.conf file by setting DL_DIR = "${OE_USER_DIR}/downloads".
- Make it possible to inject directories into BBPATH via the environment, e.g., via a BBPATH_EXTRA variable. This can then be used to specify the common directory (e.g., NFS mount) where conf/site.conf can be found for all developers.
We have a similar solution in place today in our layers. But the drawback is that it is only supported when at least one of our own layers are included in the build, which means that if I, e.g., want to build with only Poky, it will not work out-of-the-box since it will no longer find the site.conf that I must use, and my user.conf that I expect for all my own tweaks are of course not used either.


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Please do not entertain or respond to any emails or calls that may be fraudulent. The conference secretariat shall communicate only through the official email mentioned on the website or through the email ID of Congress Convenor Dr Prabodh Trivedi.
Dear Colleague,
We feel glad to invite you to participate in the "4th International Plant Physiology Congress (IPPC-2018)" to be held during December 02-05, 2018 at Lucknow, India.
The aim of this congress is to bring together leading scientists and young investigators from across the world to discuss their exciting research outcomes, promote collaborations and prepare the road map for tackling the key challenges in plant biology research. The conference would cover major areas of plant biology research including Biotic and Abiotic Stress Physiology; Genomics-assisted Breeding; Plant Productivity and Modelling; Genomics, Epigenomics; Gene Regulation; Computational and Systems Biology; Pathway Engineering; Reproductive Biology and Post-Harvest Biology. The programme shall include a Key-note lecture, Plenary lectures, concurrent sessions on thrust areas, poster sessions, Young Scientist awards, Memorial award lectures and opportunities to interact with Industry partners.
We solicit your support for the congress and request you to circulate it among your colleagues and encourage them to participate and submit the abstracts at the earliest. This will enable us to finalize the programme and circulate it among the participants well in advance.
This event is being jointly organised by CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow and Indian Society of Plant Physiology (ISPP) and Sponsored by various International and National Societies and organizations.
Please note that the last date for early bird registration is 31st July, 2018.
We look forward to meet you in Lucknow.
Kind regards,
Abiotic Stress: Adaptation and Management
Biotic Stress: Management and Interactions
Genomics-assisted Plant Improvement
Molecular and Chemical Ecology
Plant Metabolism and Metabolomics
Post-harvest & Reproductive Biology
Plant Growth Regulators and Applications
Biofortification, Neutraceuticals and Phytochemicals
Climate Change Impacts and Crop Modelling
Computational & Systems Biology
Genomics and Epigenomics
Photosynthesis & Crop Productivity
Plant Nutrition: Physiology and Genetics
Signaling and Plant Development
436, Rana Pratap Marg
Lucknow - 226001 India
91-9810658724, 9811911800
Neeraj Jaggi | 91-9810658724,
Rajat Khurana | 91-9811911800
28-32, Ground Floor, Rectangle-I,
Distt. Centre Saket, New Delhi-110017
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


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by Chuck Israels
Lesson 13 - Writing for 2 Voices
Writing For 2 Voices:
There is a long history of jazz bands with two lead voices, starting with the extraordinary recordings made by Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie in the late 1940s. That style used trumpet and alto saxophone mostly in unison, with occasional passages in thirds, playing rhythmically and harmonically complex melodies (with uncanny coordination). A few years later, Horace Silver developed a style that substituted a tenor saxophone for the alto, simplified the melodies, and treated the piano part like a big band brass section, creating a rhythmically powerful sound. In this case, the range of the tenor makes octaves with the trumpet stronger and usually more effective than unisons (except when the trumpet is in its lower register). Gerry Mulligan had piano-less quartets where one instrument played the lead melody while the other played independent contrapuntal lines, establishing a modern version of the New Orleans tradition of polyphonic ensembles. Bob Brookmeyer used some of these contrapuntal textures in tenor sax/valve trombone recordings he made with Stan Getz. By the time Miles Davis launched his first working quintet in 1955, he had changed the two-horn format in a way that emphasized expressive freedom for the lead voice and relegated John Coltranes tenor to silently waiting for solos or to playing quiet background lines in ballads. Occasionally, part of a melody would be played by the tenor, in alteration with Miles trumpet.
These are the established traditions for writing for a band with two lead voices. By choosing the right texture and technique, or the right combination of textures, considerable variety and musical interest can be created.Remember the effectiveness of unisons and octave doublings. Using the piano keyboard to test this texture is deceiving. The piano can give an idea of octave doublings, but it gives an opposite impression of the strength of unison winds, which do not have the effect of the collapse of sound that the keyboard indicates as the music changes from two voices in harmony to a unison texture.
(This is a good example of how the use of the Garritan Jazz Library can help guide the arranger to better understanding of the results of the writing.)FOR A CONCERTED, THICKENED LINE TEXTURE:
When creating a harmony part for the second voice, start with those melody notes that have an obvious relationship to the chord of the moment, (the chord tones), and then fill in the passing/neighbor tones in the melody with notes that are in the chord scale. Sometimes the harmonic character of the melody will indicate the appropriate chord scale. For instance, dominant 7th chords will most often use passing notes from the mixolydian scale based on the root of the chord, but prominent altered notes in the melody may indicate the use of other scales including, among other possibilities, the melodic minor scale starting on the flat 9th of the dominant chord, a whole tone scale, or a diminished scale.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Using only consonant intervals (octaves, 3rds, 6ths and sometimes perfect 4ths) becomes predictable and boring, but an overabundance of dissonant intervals (2nds, 7ths, augmented 4ths, diminished 5ths, and sometimes perfect 5ths) quickly loses its effect. Saving the dissonances for important climaxes or rhythmic accents helps achieve a good balance.
Keep the voices within the span of one octave, except for 10ths and an occasional 9th.
When harmonizing non-chord tones in the melody, especially those that are not in the current scale, harmonize the next melody note that is in the scale first. Then use parallel (usually chromatic) harmonization for the preceding note(s). It is a safe rule to follow that if a note can be viewed as a chromatic approach tone, then harmonizing it that way is the most effective method. This method can be used to harmonize any non-chord tone melody note that approaches a diatonic melody note from above or below by half step.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Most two-voice textures use similar motion. Contrary motion is possible, but it can produce awkward results if the lower line seems out of character with the lead line.N.B. Parallel motion maintains momentum. Contrary motion impedes it slightly. Occasional use of elements (like contrary motion, or cross rhythms) that impede momentum is useful in establishing variety and contrast. The resulting resumption of smooth forward motion is often doubly effective after a moment of rhythmic friction. (Apply the brakes, rev the engine, and pop the clutch!)
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
A WORD ABOUT REGISTER: most melodies will be harmonized with a second voice that appears in a lower register, but it is not the register that determines which voice is perceived as the melody. It is the range of intervallic motion. The voice that moves farther attracts the ear and is heard as the main melody. That is why it is essential to limit the movement of the secondary voice to smaller intervals than those of the main voice whenever possible, and when it is necessary to move it farther, then it should move no more than a minor third more than the melody moves.
The second part should move melodically when the lead part moves. If the lead line changes notes, then repeated notes in the lower part are permissible only from down beat to up beat, or if they create a percussive pedal point. If the lead voice has a rhythmic anticipation, or a tied note, the same rhythm should appear in the second voice.
There are some situations that invite the use of a constant structure in which the lower voice remains at a fixed interval (perfect 4ths and 5ths are most effective) below the lead voice for a period. Minor 7th chords, Dominant 7th chords, and bluesy melodies are most appropriate for this treatment.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Balance the areas of activity and inactivity. When the melody is active, reduce the level of activity in the second voice. When the lead voice is less active, increase the level of activity in the second voice. Choose the principle notes for the second voice from those that help define the harmony of the moment, primarily the 3rds and 7ths of the chords. If the melody contains some of these significant harmonic pitches, base the second line on the remaining power notes. Use passing tones and non-chord tones in the second voice in enough proportion to give it individuality and character.
Contrary motion promotes the perception of independence.
Lines in a contrapuntal texture should contain different pitches whenever possible. This promotes independence and separation of lines.
All lines must be melodic and harmonically correct, especially at main cadential points.
Lines with more predictable rhythmic patterns tend to sound subordinate to lines with less predictable rhythms.
For maximum clarity, orchestrate different lines with different colors.
Here is a paraphrase of Autumn leaves with an independent second voice that provides essential harmonic information (even in the absence of the bass line), maintains motivic interest and development, and balances the rhythmic activity in the phrases of the melody. Its worth noticing that the second voice is made up of some main harmonic notes that are absent from the melody and occasional non-chord tones, and that the true bass notes are almost entirely absent from this example. The chord root only appears as an important note in the second voice in the 16th measure, yet the intervallic combinations of the two voices make the harmonic progression completely intelligible. This example works equally well as an unaccompanied duet or with a rhythm section accompaniment.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Here is the same example orchestrated for bass and guitar, with the bass playing the lead voice. In this case, the lead voice is lower in pitch than the secondary voice, but since both voices are melodically balanced and satisfying, having the second voice appear in a higher register is not disturbing.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
(In both examples, the secondary voice stays above D below middle C with the brief exception of the downbeat of measure 25, where the low C can be heard as the root of a Cm6 chord.)One good use of either of these examples would be as an unaccompanied duet for an opening chorus, followed by an interlude played by the piano, or piano and rhythm section figures, and then a solo section with a wind instrument and a full 4/4 rhythm section texture.
Textures like these work best orchestrated with one instrument on a part, or with one section of the band on a part. Using solo instruments allows greater individual expression on each part while using a whole section increases the weight and density. Mixed colors can work, but care must be taken to make the resulting orchestral colors sufficiently different to maintain the separation of the parts.(Try this example using cup mute trumpet doubled with flute for the first voice and open trombone doubled with bass clarinet for the second voice.)The following example demonstrates several 2 voice concerted techniques. It starts with the trumpet and tenor sax in octaves, a familiar sound to those who have heard Horace Silvers many wonderful quintet recordings. In measure 3, the tenor part leaps (in the same direction) one half step more than the lead voice, a condition I like to avoid, but the effect is rendered nearly unnoticeable by the following immediate change to contrary motion. The voices join in a unison texture (approached in contrary motion) and continue for a while moving in and out of unisons, 2nds, 7ths, and octaves, always making the change of texture in contrary motion. The approach to the 3rd at the beginning of measure 9 has the tenor again moving parallel by an interval a step more than the lead voice moves, but this condition is again mitigated by another immediate change to contrary motion. The end of the piece has a texture of 6ths, 3rds, and a final 4th, consisting mostly of extensions of the basic harmony.
There is an added staff, below the transposed tenor and trumpet staves, showing the horn parts on one staff, in concert pitch, in order to make it easier to see the relationship between the two parts.
The piano chords are mostly used in rhythmic juxtaposition with the horns, setting up a contrapuntal rhythmic texture with occasional percussive support for the horn attacks. An experienced jazz pianist might come up with a similar part from a chord chart and might find even better choices after hearing the piece a few times, but leaving all of that up to a pianists interpretation is risky. This written out accompaniment assures integration of the piano part from the beginning. Adding chord symbols to this part might indicate to an experienced player that the part is a suggested jumping off point for creative interpretation.
The trumpet and tenor solos each start their 1st chorus with a 4-measure break. Two piano solo choruses each begin with an octave unison send-off/break for the trumpet and tenor. The two send-offs help maintain the motivic development of the piece and add to its integrity by putting short ensemble passages between the piano solos, adding orchestral interest to the form.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Here is an example of an entire arrangement for 2 voices, guitar and bass, using call and response (in the introduction and coda), 2-voice line thickening (with moments of contrary motion) and independent polyphony. The first chorus (measures 1 12) alternates an independent bass line texture with line thickening harmony. In the second chorus (starting at measure 13), the texture changes to a more independent and rhythmically grounded bass line that takes advantage of opportunities for contrary motion and increasing activity melodic when the guitar part is static.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Please Support the Free Online Jazz Arranging CourseGo Here to the "Donation & Pre-Order Page"
Donate to the Author or Pre-Order the Book & DVD
The online "Exploring Jazz Arranging" course is the culmination of a tremendous amount of work and represents a golden opportunity to learn from a real master. The course is offered free of charge and there is no obligation to buy anything. If you are benefiting from this course, it would be appropriate to honor Chuck's work if it is within your means. One way to support the effort is to make a donation to Chuck in appreciation of his work.Any and all donation proceeds go directly to Chuck.
Another way to support this work us to pre-order the hardcover book & DVD that will ship at the conclusion of this course. The hardcover book will have additional material and will include this entire course on DVD.
Coming Next Lesson: Lesson 14 - Writing for 3 Voices


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Blogging by mailMonday, October 27th, 2008
On Friday I received my secret blogging by mail parcel. I love participating in blogging by mail and food blogging by post (the European version) as it's so much fun sending and receiving parcels! It's a great way to get to know other people and cultures. It turned out that this time my parcel came all the way from Ohio in the US, from a fellow Daring Baker: Fran at Apples Peaches Pumpkin Pie. Thank you so much for your lovely parcel, Fran! And thanks to Stephanie at Dispensing Happiness for hosting the event. And the parcel that I sent? It is travelling to another continent….
Below you can see all the great things that I received from sweet Fran:


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How To Maximize Your Tax Refund
It was a couple of years ago that I wrote THIS SERIES about maximizing your tax refund.
I even agree with what I wrote two years ago. It is a good sign when you still agree with your own self!
Here is the summary (and the entire series is HERE):
- Before You Spend It, Plan It
- Purchase Financial Freedom
- Fulfill Some Of Your Dreams!
- Should You Even Receive A Refund?
If you are receiving a tax refund, it is worth the 15 minutes to read this four part series!


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Transfer credits and/or test credits (AP, CLEP or International Baccalaureate) can be viewed via a credit report to see how these credits transfer to your Marquette record.
You will be taken to the View Transfer Credit Report page.
The Office of the Registrar is the official keeper of academic records including course registrations, grades, transcripts and diplomas.
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