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As you read these conditions, please note that:
"WE", "OUR" "OURSELVES" and "US" means Brussels Airlines NV, having its registered office at 100-102, Avenue des Saisons, Postbox 30, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
"YOU", "YOUR" and "YOURSELF" means any person, except members of the crew, carried or to be carried in an aircraft pursuant to a Ticket (See also definition for "Passenger").
"AGREED STOPPING PLACES " means those places, except the place of departure and the place of destination, set out in the Ticket or shown in our timetables as scheduled stopping places on your route.
"AIR CARRIAGE CONTRACTOR" means the carrier, which concludes a contract of carriage with a passenger or, where the contract comprises a package, the tour operator. Any ticket seller shall also be deemed air carriage contractor.
"AIRLINE DESIGNATOR CODE" means the two-characters or three letters, which identify particular air carriers.
"AUTHORISED AGENT" means a passenger sales agent who has been appointed by us to represent us in the sale of air transportation on our services.
"BAGGAGE" means your personal property accompanying you in connection with your trip. Unless otherwise specified, it consists of both your Checked and Unchecked Baggage
"BAGGAGE CHECK" means the portion of the Ticket, which relates to the carriage of your Checked Baggage.
"BAGGAGE IDENTIFICATION TAG" means a document issued solely for identification of Checked Baggage.
"CARRIER" means an air carrier (other than us), whose airline designator code appears on your Ticket or on a Conjunction Ticket.
"CHECKED BAGGAGE" means Baggage of which we take custody and for which we have issued a Baggage Check.
"CHECK-IN DEADLINE" means the time limit specified by the airline by which you must have completed check-in formalities and received your boarding pass.
"CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT" means those statements contained in or delivered with your Ticket or Itinerary/Receipt, identified as such and which incorporate by reference, these Conditions of Carriage and notices.
"CONJUNCTION TICKET" means a Ticket issued to you with relation to another Ticket, which together constitute a single contract of carriage.
"CONVENTION" means whichever of the following instruments are applicable:
The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air, signed at Warsaw, 12 October 1929 (hereinafter referred to as the Warsaw Convention);
The Warsaw Convention as amended at The Hague on 28 September 1955;
The Warsaw Convention as amended by Additional Protocol No. 1 of Montreal (1975);
The Warsaw Convention as amended at The Hague and by Additional Protocol No. 2 of Montreal (1975);
The Warsaw Convention as amended at The Hague and by Additional Protocol No. 4 of Montreal (1975);
Guadalajara supplementary Convention (1961) (Guadalajara);
The Montreal Convention (1999);
Regulation (EC) No 889/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 May 2002 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 2027/97 on air liability in the event of accidents.
Regulation (EC) No 261/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 establishing common rules on compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay of flights.
"COUPON" means both a paper Flight Coupon and an Electronic Coupon, each of that entitle the named passenger to travel on the particular flight identified on it.
"DAMAGE" includes death, wounding, or bodily injury to a Passenger, loss, partial loss, theft or other damage, arising out of or in connection with carriage or other services incidental thereto performed by us.
"DAYS" mean calendar days, including all seven days of the week; provided that, for the purpose of notification, the day upon which notice is dispatched shall not be counted; and provided further that for purposes of determining duration of validity of a Ticket, the day upon which the Ticket is issued, or the flight commenced shall not be counted.
"ELECTRONIC COUPON" means an electronic flight coupon or other value document held in our database.
"ELECTRONIC TICKET" means the Itinerary/Receipt issued by us or on our behalf, the Electronic Coupons and, if applicable, a boarding document.
"FLIGHT COUPON" means that portion of the Ticket that bears the notation "good for passage", or in the case of an Electronic Ticket, the Electronic Coupon, and indicates the particular places between which you are entitled to be carried.
"FORCE MAJEURE" means unusual and unforeseeable circumstances beyond your control, the consequences of which could not have been avoided even if all due care had been exercised.
"ITINERARY/RECEIPT" means a document or documents we issue to Passengers travelling on Electronic Tickets that contains the passenger name, flight information and notices.
"PASSENGER" means any person, except members of the crew, carried or to be carried in an aircraft pursuant to a Ticket. (See also definition for "you", "your" and "yourself").
"PASSENGER COUPON" or "PASSENGER RECEIPT" means that portion of the Ticket issued by us or on our behalf, which is so marked and which ultimately is to be retained by you.
"REGULATIONS" mean rules, other than these Conditions published by us and in effect on date of commencement of carriage, governing carriage of passengers and/or baggage.
"SDR"means a special drawing right as defined by the International Monetary Fund ( http://www.imf.org/external/np/fin/rates/rms_five.cfm ).
"STOPOVER" means a stop on your journey of 24 hours and more, at a scheduled stopping place between the place of departure and the place of destination.
"TARIFF" means the fares of the flight, taxes, fees and surcharges due and filed, where required, with the appropriate authorities.
"TICKET" means either the document entitled "Passenger Ticket and Baggage Check" or the Electronic Ticket, in each case issued by us or on our behalf, and which includes the Conditions of Contract, notices and Coupons.
"UNCHECKED BAGGAGE" means any of your Baggage other than Checked Baggage.
If carriage is performed pursuant to a charter agreement, these Conditions of Carriage apply only to the extent they are incorporated by reference or otherwise, in the charter agreement or the Ticket. £
These Conditions of Carriage are applicable unless they are inconsistent with our Tariffs or applicable law in which event such Tariffs or laws shall prevail.
If any provision of these Conditions of Carriage is invalid under any applicable law, the other provisions shall nevertheless remain valid.
3.1.1. We will provide carriage only to the Passenger named in the Ticket, and you may be required to produce appropriate identification.
3.1.2. The Ticket which provides for air travel for our services constitutes prima facie evidence of the contract of carriage between us (carrier) and you (passenger) as named in the ticket and incorporates by reference all of these Conditions as a contractual matter.
3.1.3. A ticket is not transferable. Only you can use it for the flight.
3.1.4. Some Tickets are sold at discounted fares, which may be partially or completely non-refundable. You should choose the fare best suited to your needs. You may also wish to ensure that you have appropriate insurance to cover instances where you have to cancel your Ticket.
3.1.5. If you have a Ticket, as described in 3.1.4 above, which is completely unused, and you are prevented from travelling due to Force Majeure, provided that you promptly advise us and furnish evidence of such Force Majeure, we will provide you with a credit of the non-refundable amount of the fare, for future travel on us, subject to deduction of an administration fee of € 35 (click here for more information).
3.1.6. The Ticket is and remains at all times the property of the issuing carrier and may be subject to a seizure by the carrier (cfr. Article 10.5.3. and 13.2.).
3.1.7. Except in the case of an Electronic Ticket, you shall not be entitled to be carried on a flight unless you present a valid Ticket containing the Flight Coupon for that flight and all other unused Flight Coupons and the Passenger Coupon. In addition, you shall not be entitled to be carried if the Ticket presented is mutilated or if it has been altered otherwise than by our Authorised Agent or us. In the case of an Electronic Ticket, you shall not be entitled to be carried on flight unless you provide positive identification and a valid Electronic Ticket has been duly issued in your name.
3.1.8. (a) In case of loss or mutilation of a Ticket (or part of it) by you or non-presentation of a Ticket containing the Passenger Coupon and all unused Flight Coupons, we will replace such Ticket or part of it, upon your request and upon the strict condition that the ticket was originally issued by us, by issuing a new Ticket, provided there is evidence, readily ascertainable at the time, that a Ticket valid for the flight(s) in question was duly issued and that you sign an agreement to reimburse us for any costs and losses, up to the value of the original ticket, which are necessarily and reasonably incurred by us or another Carrier for misuse of the Ticket. We will not claim reimbursement from you for any such losses, which result from our own negligence. The issuing carrier may charge a reasonable administration fee for this service, unless the loss or mutilation was due to the negligence of the issuing carrier, or its agent.
(b) Where such evidence is not available or you do not sign such an agreement, the carrier issuing the new Ticket may require you to pay up to the full price of the new issued Ticket. The lost/stolen ticket will be subject to a refund minus the applicable administration fee-, if and when the original issuing carrier is satisfied that the lost or mutilated Ticket has not been used before the expiry of its validity. If upon finding the original Ticket before the expiry of its validity, you surrender it to the carrier issuing the new Ticket, the foregoing refund will be processed at the time.
3.1.9. A Ticket is valuable and you should take appropriate measures to safeguard it and insure it is not lost or stolen.
3.3.1. The Ticket you have purchased is valid only for the transportation as shown on the Ticket, from the place of departure via any agreed stopping places to the final destination. The fare you have paid is based upon our Tariff and is for the transportation as shown on the Ticket. It forms an essential part of our contract with you. The Ticket will not be honoured and will lose its validity if all the Coupons are not used in the sequence provided in the Ticket.
3.3.2. Should you wish to change any aspect of your transportation you must contact us in advance. The fare for your new transportation will be calculated and you will be given the option of accepting the new price or maintaining your original transportation as ticketed. Should you be required to change any aspect of your transportation due to Force Majeure, you must contact us as soon as practicable and we will use reasonable efforts to transport you to your next Stopover or final destination, without recalculation of the fare.
3.3.3. Should you change your transportation without our agreement, we will assess the correct price for your actual travel. You will have to pay any difference between the price you have paid and the total price applicable for your revised transportation. We will refund the difference if the new price is lower but otherwise, your unused Coupons have no value.
3.3.4. Please be aware that while some types of changes will not result in a change of fare others, such as changing the place of departure (for example if you do not fly the first segment) or reversing the direction you travel, can result in an increase in price. Many fares are valid only on the dates and for the flights shown on the Ticket and may not be changed at all, or only upon payment of an additional fee.
3.3.5. Each Flight Coupon contained in your Ticket will be accepted for transportation in the class of service on the date and flight for which space has been reserved. When a Ticket is originally issued without a reservation being specified, space may be later reserved subject to our Tariff and the availability of space on the flight requested.
3.3.6. Please be advised that in the event you do not show up for any flight without advising us in advance, we may cancel your return or onward reservations. If you do advise us in advance, we will not cancel your subsequent flight reservations. However, a new ticket must be issued with a recalculated price based on the new routing.
You may only break your journey at a scheduled stopping place if this has been agreed with us before you begin your air journey and is thus appropriately reflected in your ticket.
If you hold a normal-fare Ticket you may arrange to break your journey during your ticket's period of validity at any scheduled stopping place, provided this is permitted by the local regulations and our timetable.
If you travel on special-fare tickets, restrictions may apply, which limit or preclude Stopovers.
Fares apply only for carriage from the airport at the point of origin to the airport at the point of destination, unless otherwise expressly stated. Fares do not include ground transport service between airport and between airports and town terminals. Your fare will be calculated in accordance with our Tariff in effect on the date of payment of your ticket for travel on the specific dates and itinerary shown on it. Should you change your itinerary or dates of travel this may impact the fare to be paid.
Applicable taxes, fees and surcharges imposed by government or other authority, or by the operator of an airport or by Us, shall be payable by you. At the time you purchase your Ticket, you will be advised of taxes, fees and surcharges. The taxes, fees and surcharges imposed on air travel are constantly changing and can be imposed after the date of Ticket issuance. If there is an increase in a tax, fee or surcharge shown on the Ticket, you will be obliged to pay it. Likewise, if a new tax, fee or surcharge is imposed even after ticket issuance, you will be obliged to pay it. Similarly, in the event any taxes, fees or surcharges which you have paid to us at the time of Ticket issuance are abolished or reduced such that they no longer apply to you, or a lesser amount is due, you will be entitled to obtain a refund if the authorities or entities who received the taxes, fees or surcharges make a respective refund to Us, if the same are imposed by Us, insofar as their refund is authorised under the applicable fare rules (Click here for the practical information concerning refunds).
Fares, taxes, fees and surcharges are payable in the currency of the country in which the ticket is issued, unless another currency is indicated by us or our Authorised Agent at or before the time payment is made (for example, because of the non-convertibility of the local currency). We may at our discretion, accept payment in another currency.
5.1.1. We or our Authorised Agent will record your reservation(s). Upon request we will provide you with written confirmation of your reservation(s).
5.1.2. Certain fares have conditions, which limit or exclude your right to change or cancel reservations.
You recognise that personal data has been given to us for the purposes of: making a reservation, purchasing a Ticket, obtaining ancillary services, developing and providing services, facilitating immigration and entry procedures, ensuring security, safety, health, administrative and legal purposes and making available such data to the relevant government authorities. For these purposes, you authorise us to retain and use such data and to transmit it to our own offices, Authorised Agents, government agencies, other Carriers or the providers of the above-mentioned services and you agree that we shall not be liable to you for transmitting such information to those entities for such purposes.
5.5.1. Onward or return reservations may be subject to the requirement to reconfirm the reservations within specified time limits. We will advise you when we require reconfirmation, and how and where it should be done. If it is required and you fail to reconfirm, we may cancel your onward or return reservations. However, if you advise us you still wish to travel, if there is space on the flight, we will reinstate your reservations and transport you. If there is no space on the flight we will use reasonable efforts to transport you to your next or final destination.
5.5.2. You should check the reconfirmation requirements of any other Carriers involved in your journey with them. Where it is required, you must reconfirm with the Carrier whose code appears for the flight in question on the Ticket.
Please be advised that if you do not show up for any flight without advising us in advance, we may cancel your return or onward reservations. However, if you do advise us in advance, we will not cancel your subsequent flight reservations.
In the reasonable exercise of our discretion, we may refuse to carry you or your Baggage if we have notified you in writing that we would not at any time after the date of such notice carry you on our flights. We may also refuse to carry you or your baggage if one or more of the following have occurred or we reasonably believe may occur:
7.1.1. such action is necessary in order to comply with any applicable government laws, regulations, or orders;
7.1.2. the carriage of you or your Baggage may endanger or affect the safety, health, or materially affect the comfort of other passengers or crew;
7.1.3. your mental or physical state, including your impairment from alcohol or drugs, presents a hazard or risk to yourself, to passengers, to crew, or to property;
7.1.4. you have committed misconduct on a previous flight, and we have reason to believe that such conduct may be repeated;
7.1.5. you have refused to submit you or your baggage to a security check;
7.1.6. you have not paid the applicable fare, taxes, fees or charges;
7.1.7. you have not obeyed the instructions or behaved in a threatening, abusive, insulting or disorderly way towards a member of our ground staff or a member of the crew of the aircraft;
7.1.8. you have deliberately interfered with a member of our ground staff or a member of the crew of the aircraft carrying out their duties;
7.1.9. you have committed a criminal offence during the check-in or boarding processes or on board of the aircraft;
7.1.10. you have failed to complete the check-in process by the check-in deadline or failed to arrive at the boarding gate on time;
7.1.11. you have refused or failed to undergo health screening or a health examination requested by us or by a government or enforcement agency;
7.1.12. you do not appear to have valid travel documents, may seek to enter a country through which you may be in transit, or for which you do not have valid travel documents, destroy your travel documents during flight or refuse to surrender your travel documents to the flight crew, against receipt, when so requested;
7.1.13. you present a Ticket that has been acquired unlawfully, has been purchased from an entity other than us or our Authorised Agent, or has been reported as being lost or stolen, is a counterfeit, or you cannot prove that you are the person named in the Ticket;
7.1.14. you have failed to comply with the requirements set forth in Article 3.3 above concerning coupon sequence and use, or you present a Ticket which has been issued or altered in any way, other than by us or our Authorised Agent, or the Ticket is mutilated;
7.1.15 you fail to observe our instructions with respect to safety or security;
In such case, you will be liable for all the costs resulting out of your behaviour leading to the refusal of carriage and you will not be entitled to a refund of your unused ticket.
7.2.1. Except for flights to and from the U.S., acceptance for carriage of unaccompanied children, incapacitated persons, pregnant women, persons with illness or other people requiring special assistance is subject to prior arrangement with us and we should be informed of your special needs at the time of reservation of your flight. Passengers with disabilities, unaccompanied children, pregnant women or passengers who are ill may be refused to travel if arrangements to carry them have not been made before check-in. Passengers who have advised us of any special requirements they may have at the time of reservation, and have been accepted by us, shall not subsequently be refused carriage on the basis of such disability or special requirements.
7.2.2. Except for flights to and from the U.S., if you are a passenger with a disability, we may require from you that you travel with an attendant if it is essential for safety or you are unable to assist in your own evacuation from the aircraft or you are unable to understand safety instructions.
7.2.3. Except for flights to and from the U.S., if you are a passenger with a disability we will carry you when arrangements have been made to provide for your special needs and assistance. If you do not inform us at the time of reservation, we will nevertheless use reasonable efforts to accommodate your special needs and assistance.
7.2.4. If you are a passenger requesting a special assistance, we may ask you to present yourself sufficiently in advance in order to enable us to proceed with the assistance in due time.
a) Children under five years of age may only travel if accompanied by an adult, i.e. a person aged 18 or over, or aged 16 or over if they are a brother or sister of the child concerned. Children under two years of age may only travel if they are each accompanied by at least one adult.
b) Children aged between five and under twelve may only travel unaccompanied by an adult with our prior agreement.
c) All children aged under twelve who are travelling unaccompanied by an adult must be registered as "unaccompanied minors". Their carriage is subject to our relevant regulations, which are available from any of our sales offices. The carriage of unaccompanied minors is subject to a supplementary fee.
We will carry some of your baggage free of charge. Your free baggage allowance will be shown on your ticket, or in the case of an electronic ticket, on your itinerary and receipt and will depend on our baggage regulations applying at the time of your flight. If you are in doubt, please ask us or our Authorised Agents for details of your free baggage allowance and our baggage regulations.
You will be required to pay a charge for carriage of Baggage in excess of the free Baggage allowance. These rates are available from us upon request. Unless advance arrangements for its carriage have been made with Carrier, Carrier may carry on later flights baggage, which is in excess of the applicable free allowance.
If you wish to transport over 100 kilos of excess baggage and/or bulky or unwieldy items (e.g. cycles) you must notify us of such intention in advance, at the time of reservation..
You may declare a value for checked baggage in excess of the applicable liability limits. The applicable charges are 2 € per slice of 100 € declared value above our maximum limitation of liability. If you make such a declaration, you shall pay the applicable charges at check-in. Excess value charges shall be payable at the point of origin for the entire journey to the destination, except when the flight is not operated by us, then the excess value declaration must be made and paid to the operating carrier. In case of stopover, we will accept an excess value declaration only to the point of stopover. We will refuse to accept an excess value declaration on checked baggage when a portion of the carriage is to be provided by another Carrier, which does not offer the facility.
We will accept baggage with a declared value up to 4.000 €, above our maximum limitation of liability, provided this item is properly described, properly packaged and undamaged.
You must re-declare and pay the applicable charges each time you check-in your excess baggage.
8.4.1. You must not include in your Baggage:
18.104.22.168 items which are likely to endanger the aircraft or persons or property on board the aircraft, such as those specified in the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air and the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations, and in our regulations (further information is available from us on request);
188.8.131.52 items the carriage of which is prohibited by the applicable laws, regulations or orders of any state to be flown from or to;
220.127.116.11 items which are reasonably considered by us to be unsuitable for carriage because they are dangerous, unsafe or by reason of their weight, size, shape or character, or which are fragile or perishable having regard to, among other things, the type of aircraft being used. Information about unacceptable items is available upon request.
8.4.2. Firearms and ammunition are prohibited from carriage as Baggage. Firearms and ammunition may within certain conditions be accepted as Checked Baggage. Firearms must be unloaded with the safety catch on, and suitably packed. Carriage of ammunition is subject to ICAO and IATA regulations as specified in 22.214.171.124. and must, amongst others, be packed separately from firearms.
8.4.3. Weapons such as antique firearms, s' words, knives and similar items may be accepted as Checked Baggage, at our discretion, but will not be permitted in the cabin of the aircraft.
8.4.4. You must not include in Checked Baggage fragile or perishable items, food, medication, statues and art items, money, keys, jewellery, precious metals, personal electronic devices (such as but not limited to portables, computers, mobile phones, camera, video camera etc...), negotiable papers, securities or other valuables, samples, business documents or other working tools which are or can be considered as valuable, passports and other identification documents or any other item that is not suitable for carriage as checked baggage.
8.4.5. Except to the extent abovementioned provisions could be found inconsistent with the Convention, if, despite being prohibited, any items referred to in 8.4.1, 8.4.2 and 8.4.4 are included in your Baggage; we shall not be responsible for any loss or damage of or caused by such items. In any event, our possible liability with respect to such items will be limited to the amount specified in the Convention.
8.5.1. Subject to paragraph 8.4.2 and 8.4.3, we will refuse to carry as Baggage the items described in 8.4, and we may refuse further carriage of any such items upon discovery.
8.5.2. We may refuse to carry as Baggage any item reasonably considered by us to be unsuitable for carriage because of its size, shape, weight, content, character, or for safety or operational reasons, or the comfort of other passengers. Information about unacceptable items is available upon request.
8.5.3. We may refuse to accept Baggage for carriage unless it is in our reasonable opinion properly and securely packed in suitable containers. Information about packing and containers unacceptable to us is available upon request.
For reasons of safety and security we may request that you permit a search and scan of your person and a search, scan or x-ray of your Baggage. If you are not available, your Baggage may be searched in your absence for the purpose of determining whether you are in possession of or whether your Baggage contains any item described in 8.4.1 or any firearms, ammunition or weapons, which have not been presented to us in accordance with 8.4.2 or
8.4.3. If you are unwilling to comply with such request we may refuse to carry you and your Baggage. In the event a search or scan causes damages to you or an x-ray or scan causes damage to your Baggage, we shall not be liable for such damage unless due to our fault or negligence. £
8.7.1. Upon delivery to us of your Baggage, which you wish to check, we will take custody of, and issue a Baggage Identification Tag for, each piece of your Checked Baggage.
8.7.2. Checked Baggage must have your name or other personal identification affixed to it.
8.7.3. Checked Baggage will, whenever possible, be carried on the same aircraft as you, unless we decide for safety, security or operational reasons to carry it on an alternative flight. If your Checked Baggage is carried on a subsequent flight we will deliver it at the airport of your destination, unless applicable law requires you to be present for customs clearance.
8.7.4. In cases in which the weight of your checked baggage is not recorded on the ticket and no charges for overweight have been paid, it will be assumed until proven otherwise that the total weight of the checked baggage concerned does not exceed your free baggage allowance.
8.8.2. Objects not suitable for carriage in the cargo compartment (such as delicate musical instruments), and which do not meet the requirements in 8.8.1 above, will only be accepted for carriage in the cabin compartment if you have given us notice in advance and permission has been granted by us. You may have to pay a separate charge for this service.
8.8.3. Some objects will not be authorised anymore for carriage in unchecked baggage following the application of the Regulation (EC) n° 154/2006. Some other objects as liquids will be limited to an authorised quantity (100ml) and will be subject to separate screening procedures. For more details, please consult us or your travel agency.
8.9.1. Subject to article 8.7.3 you are required to collect your Checked Baggage as soon as it is made available at your destination or Stopover. Should you not collect it within a reasonable time, we may charge you a storage fee. Should your Checked Baggage not be claimed within three (3) months of the time it is made available to the passenger, we may dispose of it without any liability to you.
8.9.2. Only the bearer of the Baggage Check and Baggage Identification Tag, is entitled to delivery of the Checked Baggage.
8.9.3. If a person claiming Checked Baggage is unable to produce the Baggage Check and identify the Baggage by means of a Baggage Identification Tag, we will deliver the Baggage to such person only on condition that he or she establishes to our satisfaction his or her right to the Baggage.
Only cats and dogs are likely to be accepted for travel by us.
If we agree to carry your animals they will be carried subject to the following conditions:
8.10.1. You must ensure that your animals, cats and dogs , are properly crated and accompanied by valid health and vaccination certificates, entry permits, and other documents required by countries of entry or transit failing which, they will not be accepted for carriage. Such carriage may be subject to additional conditions specified by us, which are available on request.
8.10.2. If accepted as Baggage, the animal, together with its container and food, shall not be included in your free Baggage allowance, but shall constitute excess baggage, for which you will be obliged to pay the applicable rate.
8.10.3. Guide dogs accompanying Passengers with disabilities will be carried free of charge in addition to the normal free baggage allowance, subject to conditions specified by us, which are available on request.
8.10.4. Where carriage is not subject to the liability rules of the Convention, we are not responsible for injury to or loss, sickness or death of an animal, which we have agreed to carry unless we have been negligent.
8.10.5. We will have no liability in respect of any such animal not having all the necessary exit, entry, health and other documents with respect to the animal's entry into or passage through any country, state or territory and the person carrying the animal must reimburse us for any fines, costs, losses or liabilities reasonably imposed or incurred by us as a result.
8.10.6. You shall at all times remain responsible for the animal, which shall remain under your sole custody. You will accordingly bear all costs related to the carriage of such animal, including but not limited to, damage caused by such animal to the aircraft, to other persons on board of the aircraft or costs incurred by reason of refusal of access of the animal to the place of destination or the stopover or in case of absence of the required travel documents.
9.1.1. The flight times shown in timetables may change between the date of publication and the date you actually travel. We do not guarantee them to you and they do not form part of your contract with us.
9.1.2. Before we accept your booking, we will notify you of the schedule flight time in effect as of that time, and it will be shown on your Ticket. It is possible we may need to change the schedule flight time subsequent to issuance of your Ticket. If you provide us with contact information, we will endeavour to notify you of any such changes. If, after you purchase your Ticket, we make a significant change to the schedule flight time, which is not acceptable to you, and we are unable to book you on an alternate flight, which is acceptable to you, you will be entitled to a refund in accordance with
Article 10.2.
9.2.1. We will take all necessary measures to avoid delay in carrying you and your baggage. In the exercise of these measures and in order to prevent a flight cancellation, in exceptional circumstances we may arrange for a flight to be operated on our behalf by an alternative carrier and/or aircraft.
9.2.2. In case of a cancellation of your flight:
22.214.171.124. you will be offered the choice between:
(i) reimbursement within seven days of your non-used ticket at the price at which it was bought (or if the flight no longer serves any purpose in relation to the passenger's original travel plan, when relevant, a return flight at the earliest opportunity to your first point of departure).
(ii) re-routing, under comparable transport conditions, to their final destination at the earliest opportunity.
(iii) re-routing, under comparable transport conditions, at a later date at your personal convenience, subject to availability of seats. If you choose this option you will be exclusively liable for any hotel, accommodation, meal and all other transport costs.
220.127.116.11. In addition we will provide you with the following assistance:
(i) meals and refreshments in a reasonable relation to the waiting time.
(ii) two telephone calls, telex or fax messages, or emails free of charge.
(iii) hotel accommodation and transport between the airport and the hotel in the event of re-routing when the reasonably expected time of departure of the new flight is at least day after the departure as it was planned for the cancelled flight.
126.96.36.199. If you are entitled to receive compensation, the compensation will depend on the length of the flight as shown below:
a) All flights up to 1500 kilometres
- Arrival > 2 hours late: EUR 250,00
- Arrival < 2 hours late: EUR 125,00
b) All intra-Community flights from 1500 kilometres or above
- Arrival > 3 hours late: EUR 400,00
- Arrival < 3 hours late: EUR 200,00
c) All non intra-Community flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres
- Arrival > 3 hours late: EUR 400,00
- Arrival < 3 hours late: EUR 200,00
d) All non intra-Community flights above 3500 kilometres
- Arrival > 4 hours late: EUR 600,00
- Arrival < 4 hours late: EUR 300,00
The due amount of compensation will be paid to you in cash, by electronic bank transfer, bank orders or bank cheques or, with the signed agreement of the passenger, in travel vouchers and/or other services.
You will not be entitled to any compensation, if :
(i) you are informed of the cancellation at least two weeks before the scheduled time of departure
(ii) you are informed of the cancellation between two weeks and seven days before the scheduled time of departure and are offered re-routing, allowing you to depart no more than two hours before the scheduled time of departure and to reach your final destination less than four hours after the scheduled time of arrival;
(iii) you are informed of the cancellation less than seven days before the scheduled time of departure and are offered re-routing, allowing you to depart no more than one hour before the scheduled time of departure and to reach your final destination less than two hours after the scheduled time of arrival.
If the cause of the cancellation is beyond the control of the airline, such as political instability, meteorological conditions, security risks, unexpected flight safety shortcomings, strikes or air traffic management decisions, then the above provision on the payment of compensation does not apply and above obligations imposed on us may be limited or excluded.
9.2.3. In case of delay, when we reasonably expect a flight to be delayed beyond its scheduled time of departure
(a) for two hours or more in the case of flights of 1500 kilometres or less; or
(b) for three hours or more in the case of all intra-Community flights of more than 1500 kilometres and of all non intra-Community flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres; or
(c) for four hours or more in the case of all non intra-Community flights over 3500 kilometres
22.214.171.124. you will be offered by us:
(i) meals and refreshments in a reasonable relation to the waiting time and two telephone calls, telex or fax messages, or emails free of charge
(ii) hotel accommodation and transport between the airport and hotel if the reasonably expected time of departure is at least the day after the time of departure previously announced,
(iii) when the delay is at least five hours, you will be offered a reimbursement within seven days of your non-used ticket at the price at which it was bought or if the flight no longer serves any purpose in relation to the passenger's original travel plan, when relevant, a return flight at the earliest opportunity to your first point of departure.
18.104.22.168 In case of Damage caused by delay, our liability for each Passenger is limited, according to the Montreal Convention, to 4,694 SDR and for delay of the passenger's Baggage to 1,131 SDR, except in case of act or omission done with intent to cause Damage or recklessly and with knowledge that Damage would probably result. Nevertheless, the carrier will not be liable for Damage occasioned by delay if it proves that it and its servants and agents took all necessary measures that could reasonably be required to avoid the Damage or that it was impossible for it or them to take such measures.
We will refund a Ticket or any unused portion, in accordance with the applicable fare rules (Click here for the practical information concerning refunds), as follows :
10.1.1. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, we shall be entitled to make refund either to the person named in the Ticket or, to the person, legal or natural, who has paid for the Ticket, upon presentation of satisfactory proof of such payment.
10.1.2. If a Ticket has been paid for by a person other than the passenger named in the Ticket, and the Ticket indicates that there is a restriction on refund, we shall make a refund only to the person who paid for the Ticket, or to that person's order.
10.1.3. If such restriction has not been specified by the passenger and if the ticket has been paid by a travel agency in name and for the account of the passenger, we shall be entitled to make a refund in full discharge to the travel agency that made the payment initially.
10.1.4. Except in the case of a lost Ticket, refunds will only be made on surrender to us of the Ticket and all unused Flight Coupons.
10.2.1. If we cancel a flight, fail to operate a flight reasonably according to schedule, fail to stop at your destination or Stopover, or cause you to miss a connecting flight on which you hold a reservation, the amount of the refund shall be:
10.2.1.1 if no portion of the Ticket has been used, an amount equal to the fare paid;
10.2.1.2 if a portion of the Ticket has been used, the refund will be not less than the difference between the fare paid and the applicable fare for travel between the points for which the Ticket has been used.
10.4.1. If you loose your ticket or portion of it, upon furnishing us with satisfactory proof of the loss, and payment of a reasonable administration charge, refund will be made, as soon as practicable after the expiry of the validity period of the Ticket, on condition:
10.4.1.1 that the lost or stolen ticket to be replaced or refunded was originally issued by us.
10.4.1.2. that the person requesting such refund has filled in and signed a "Declaration of Indemnity form" indemnifying us from any losses which might occur due to fraudulent use of lost/stolen document(s).
10.4.1.3. that the lost Ticket, or portion of it, has not been used, previously refunded or replaced (except where the use, refund or replacement by or to a third party resulted from our own negligence);
10.4.1.4. that the person to whom the refund is made undertakes, in such form as may be prescribed by us, to repay to us the amount refunded in the event of fraud and/or to the extent that the lost Ticket or portion of it is used by a third party (except where any fraud or use, by a third party resulted from our own negligence).
10.5.1. We may refuse a refund where application is made after the expiry of the validity of the Ticket.
10.5.2. We may refuse a refund on a Ticket which has been presented to us, or to Government officials as evidence of intention to depart from that country, unless you establish to our satisfaction that you have permission to remain in the country or that you will depart from that country by another carrier or another means of transport.
10.5.3. We may refuse a refund on a Ticket, if the Ticket has been seized due to non valid travel documents, passport or ID, evidencing fraud in the chief of the passenger (see Article 3.1.6).
We reserve the right to make a refund in the same manner and the same currency used to pay for the Ticket.
Voluntary refunds will be made only by the carrier, which originally issued the Ticket, or by its agent if so authorised.
If, in our reasonable opinion, you conduct yourself aboard the aircraft so as to endanger the aircraft or any person or property on board, or obstruct the crew in the performance of their duties, or fail to comply with any instructions of the crew including but not limited to those with respect to smoking, alcohol or drug consumption, or behave in a manner which causes discomfort, inconvenience, damage or injury to other passengers or the crew, we may take such measures as we deem reasonably necessary to prevent continuation of such conduct, including restraint. You may be disembarked, refused onward carriage at any point, be refused to any further carriage you wish to contract with our airline and may be prosecuted for offences committed on board of the aircraft by application of the Belgian Law of 15 May 2006.
If, as a result of your behaviour, we divert the aircraft to an unscheduled place of destination and make you leave the aircraft, you will have to bear all the costs proper to this diversion.
For safety reasons, we may forbid or limit operation aboard the aircraft of electronic equipment, including, but not limited to, cellular telephones, laptop computers, portable recorders, portable radios, CD players, electronic games or transmitting devices, including radio controlled toys and walkie-talkies. Operation of hearing aids and heart pacemakers is permitted.
12.2. If we are also providing surface transportation to you, other conditions may apply to such surface transportation. Such conditions are available from us upon request.
12.3 In case of international carriage by train in cooperation with Thalys International, the legal regime of liability and assistance is governed by the Regulation (EC) n° 1371/2007 of 23rd October 2007 on rail passengers' rights and obligations and the uniform rules concerning the contract for international carriage of passengers and luggage by rail to the Convention concerning international carriage by rail (COTIF) of 9 May 1980, as modified by the Protocol for the modification of the COTIF signed at Vilnius on 3 June 1999 ( see http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2007:315:0014:0041:EN:PDF), and supplemented by the general conditions of the railway company.
12.4 In case of International Airport Transport Service by car performed by Luchthaventrans BVBA, the legal regime of liability will be governed by the general conditions of Luchthaventrans BVBA.
13.1.1.You are responsible for obtaining all required travel documents and visas and for complying with all laws, regulations, orders, demands and travel requirements of countries to be flown from, into or through which you transit.
13.1.2. We shall not be liable for the consequences to any passenger resulting from his or her failure to obtain such documents or visas or to comply with such laws, regulations, orders, demands, requirements, rules or instructions. We shall not be liable for any assistance or information given by any of our agents or employees to you or any other passenger in connection with obtaining necessary documents or visas or complying with such laws, regulations, directives, demands and requirements whether given in writing or otherwise.
Prior to travel, you must present all entry, exit, health and other documents required by law, regulation, order, demand or other requirement of the countries concerned, and permit us to take and retain copies thereof. We may verify these documents and refuse carriage if you have not complied with these requirements, or your travel documents do not appear to be in order. A refund on the Ticket may be refused in case of fraud in the chief of the passenger.
If we are required to pay any fine or penalty or to incur any expenditure by reason of your failure to comply with laws, regulations, orders, demands or other travel requirements of the countries concerned or to produce the required documents, you shall reimburse us on demand, any amount so paid or expenditure so incurred. We may apply towards such payment or expenditure the value of any unused carriage on your ticket or any of your funds in our possession.
If required, you shall attend inspection of your Baggage, by customs or other Government officials. We are not liable to you for any loss or damage suffered by you in the course of such inspection or through your failure to comply with this requirement.
You shall submit to any security checks by Governments, airport officials, Carriers or by us. We are not liable to you for any loss or damage suffered by you in the course of such inspection or through your failure to comply with this requirement
In case in which we are liable for your death or bodily injury, the following provisions shall apply:
a) For damages arising under paragraph 1 of Article 17 not exceeding 113,100 SDR for each passenger, we shall not exclude or limit our liability.
For damages exceeding 113,100 SDR for each passenger, we shall not be liable for damages arising under paragraph 1 of Article 17 of the Montreal Convention if such damage was not due to the negligence or other wrongful act or omission of the carrier or its servants or agents.
b) We reserve all defences to such claims available under the Montreal Convention and the applicable national law. With respect to third parties, we also reserve all rights of recourse against any other person, including without limitation, rights of contribution and indemnity.
c) Should you be killed or suffer bodily injury in the event of an accident, we will, within fifteen days of establishment of the identity of the natural person entitled to compensation, make such advance payments as may be required to meet immediate economic needs, in proportion to the hardship suffered.
d) In the event of death, this advance payment shall amount to 16,000 SDR per Passenger according to the applicable legislation.
e) An advance payment shall not constitute any recognition of liability, and may be offset against any subsequent sums paid on the basis of the air carrier liability. The advance payment must be returned should it be subsequently proved you caused or contributed by negligence to your own death or injury, that the person receiving the advance payment caused or contributed by negligence to such death or injury, or that the person receiving the advance payment was not the person entitled to such compensation.
In the case of flights operated as codeshare services in association with another carrier, we shall be liable to those passengers who have concluded a contract of carriage with us and for whom we are stated as the carrier in their ticket.
16.3.3. If you are entitled to receive compensation, the compensation will depend on the length of the flight as shown below: a) All flights up to 1500 kilometres
- Arrival > 2 hours late: EUR 250,00
- Arrival < 2 hours late: EUR 125,00
b) All intra-Community flights from 1500 kilometres or above
- Arrival > 3 hours late: EUR 400,00
- Arrival < 3 hours late: EUR 200,00
c) All non intra-Community flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres
- Arrival > 3 hours late: EUR 400,00
- Arrival < 3 hours late: EUR 200,00
d) All non intra-Community flights above 3500 kilometres
- Arrival > 4 hours late: EUR 600,00
- Arrival < 4 hours late: EUR 300,00
The due amount of compensation will be paid to you in cash, by electronic bank transfer, bank orders or bank cheques or, with the signed agreement of the passenger, in travel vouchers and/or other services. The abovementioned assistance relative to the payment of compensation and the provided assistance will not apply if you fail to meet the check-in and boarding requirements in clause 6 or if we exercise our right to refuse to carry you under clause 7.1 and clause 7.2.
Where the denied boarding is not due to overbooking but to other reasons such as health, safety, security or inadequate travel documentation reason then we will be under no obligation to provide you, welfare, compensation, re-imbursement or alternative travel arrangements.
16.3.4. In case you are denied boarding due to overbooking and are not a volunteer on a flight that departs from the United States, you may be eligible to receive compensation under U.S. law. Please contact one of our representatives for additional information on our denied boarding compensation policy.
Acceptance of Baggage by the bearer of the Baggage Check without complaint at the time of delivery is sufficient evidence that the Baggage has been delivered in good condition and in accordance with the contract of carriage, unless you prove otherwise.
If you wish to file a claim or an action regarding Damage to Checked Baggage, you must notify us as soon as you discover the Damage, and at the latest, within seven (7) Days of receipt of the Baggage. If you wish to file a claim or an action regarding delay of Checked Baggage, you must notify us within twenty-one (21) Days from the date the Baggage has been placed at your disposal. Every such notification must be made in writing.
Upon reservation, the air carriage contractor will inform you of the identity of the operating air carrier or carriers. When the identity of the operating air carrier is not yet known at the time of reservation, the air carriage contractor will provide you as soon as possible with this information and at the latest at the check-in. In case the air carriage contractor is changed after the reservation, the passenger will be informed of this change at the latest at the check-in.
Carriage of you and your Baggage is also provided in accordance with certain other regulations and conditions applying to or adopted by us. These regulations and conditions as varied from time to time are important. They concern among other things:
· the carriage of unaccompanied minors, pregnant women, incapacitated persons and other passengers requiring special assistance;
· restrictions on use of electronic devices and items; and
· the carriage of cats and dogs; and
- check-in and boarding deadlines;and
-Baggage requirements and limitations.
Regulations and conditions concerning these matters are available from us upon request.
In case of conflict between the different versions of our general conditions of carriage, the English, Dutch and French version of the general conditions of carriage will prevail on the other versions.
Last update: November 2011


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Tag Archives: mihai toader
Writing Plugins for IntelliJ IDEA Webinar Recording
Writing Plugins for IntelliJ IDEA Webinar recording is now available on JetBrains.tv and YouTube. In the first part of our ongoing series, John Lindquist explores the plugin development process with Mihai Toader, author of the Go Lang plugin. We would … Continue reading
Posted in Screencast Tagged Go Lang Plugin, IntelliJ IDEA, john lindquist, mihai toader, plugins, webinar 5 Comments

subset: commoncrawl


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Best First Round In NBA Draft History- 03, 96, 85 or 91 ?
Some experts have called the first round of the 2012 NBA Draft the most deep in recent memory; but does that mean it will ever rank as one of the best in history? When the dust settles will the 2012 version be able to hang with the first rounds of 2003, 1996, 1985 or 1991?
HoopsVibe Very Quick Call- It generally takes a couple years for any draft to pan out. But who knows?
What's funny about this draft is how people remember it. Sure, everyone knows that LeBron went number one overall, and then Carmelo Anthony, Chris Bosh, Dwayne Wade and Chris Kaman were all drafted in succession. But the only thing anyone remembers is how Darko Milicic went number two overall.
The Pistons were so good at the time that they just sat him on the bench (the way NFL teams do with young QB's) and hoped he would absorb knowledge and "know how" from all the talent around him because the Pistons were loaded at the time and he was only 18 years old. But instead of accepting the presumed gamut thrown at him by the tough, physical big men that littered Detroit's roster at the time (Ben Wallace, Rasheed Wallace, Corliss Williamson, even Elden Campbell for crying out loud!) and excelling, Darko played the role of shrinking violet; instead of spurring his development, it spurned his development and damaged his psyche so bad that he died his hair horribly, further ostracizing him from the team.
A few of the better picks:
In this draft there was one player coveted above all other players available; Allen Iverson. In two years at Georgetown, Iverson averaged 23.0 ppg and was the Big East's back to back Defensive Player of the Year, pretty amazing for a six foot guard. His quickness and leaping ability were equally amazing and the most impressive that a lot of people have ever seen to this day. Historically speaking though, the most impactful player from the draft ended up being Kobe Bryant, drafted 13th out of Lower Marion HS. Though Kevin Garnett had made the successful transition from HS directly to the pros a year earlier (the first time in 20 years), there were a lot of people who doubted Bryant would ever be able to make the transition, mainly because he wasn't a big man like Garnett or wasn't strong enough. But as it stands now, he may be the second best NBA player ever.
10 of the 29 first round picks would later become NBA All-Stars. This first round also contained three players who would later win MVP awards; Kobe Bryant, Allen Iverson and Steve Nash.
Was the envelope frozen? Or was the crease in the upper right hand/folded corner enough for the commish to know it was the correct envelope to pick? It was an interesting time for the NBA. The first ever NBA Draft Lottery as used to determine the picking order and the Knicks hadn't been relevant for years. The Knicks had the third worst record the previous year, with Golden State the expected recipient of the #1 pick due to having the worst record the previous season. The Knicks got Ewing and Golden State fell all the way down to the seventh overall pick, where they picked future hall of famer Chris Mullin, though at the time he was seen as more of a consolation prize because they didn't get Ewing but it end up good for both teams.
In the first 18 picks, four Hall of Famers were selected. In the first round (24 picks in all) nine all stars were selected. Of the 24 players selected in the first round, 19 of them played in the NBA for eight or more seasons. That's some pretty amazing longevity compared to the way a lot of NBA Draft picks over the last ten or so years won't ever play a minute in the league.
In the days leading up to and following this draft, it really all boiled down to Larry Johnson. The number one pick in the 1991 NBA Draft was arguably the greatest college basketball player of all time. Seven of the 27 first round selections became All-Stars. There were no MVP's from this draft class but there were two that won NBA titles; Luc Longley and Bison Dele (Brian Williams) during the Bulls stampede through the league. Of all the players drafted, no one had a better individual career than Dikembe Mutombo. An 18 year pro, he won Defensive Player of the Year four times, led the league in blocks three times, rebounding twice and was an All Star eight times.
Can Anthony Davis, Thomas Robinson and Bradley Beal make the 2012 first round one of the best in NBA history?
For more info, updates, and babble follow on twitter @HoopsVibe.com
Image Credit: AP NEWS


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There's a good chance you'll recognize a few of the clips featured in Welcome to Earth — a beautifully composed "universal time-lapse" made up of 179 of the internet's most stunning videos — but we're guessing you haven't seen them all, and you definitely haven't seen them like this.
At the bottom right hand corner of the video you'll notice each clip is labeled with a number. This number corresponds to a list (found here) where you'll find a link to the complete time-lapse from which the snippet is taken. There's some seriously great stuff here — including at least three videos that we've featured here on io9. (Clips 1, 16, and 112, for those who are curious.)
Video by Luc Bergeron [YouTube | Facebook | Twitter] via It's Okay to be Smart
The Song in the video is "Wolf," by First Aid Kit


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"Superstorm" Sandy gave me 2 days in my home with the company of my family and comforts of electricity! Not what I was expecting, but my heart is thankful to the Lord for His protection and also for the wonderful time it provided:
As the Smith'sonian sat quiet and neglected all summer, our family enjoyed all the delights of summer along with the scramble of it's activities!
The Smith'sonian, my little place in Cyber Space, where I stash away so many momories and stories of these precious years...thank you again for waiting for me to fill in the missing moments!


text: Best Places to Live in Oklahoma Find your perfect city, here Things to Do Real Estate Business Schools Health Photos Oklahoma Health Oklahoma health care comes down to access, affordability and outcomes. Check out our articles about what's happening in health and the health care industry throughout the state. Oklahoma residents can find more information about how their city ranks for health outcomes, health factors and health behaviors on our city pages.


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Dress Features:
- Made from a good quality medium weight fabric with sheer overlay
- Wide flared skirt section
- Feminine sweetheart neckline
- Fitted bodice
- Flattering peplum waist detail
- Sleeveless
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- A 26" petticoat will be required to get the look in the picture
- Material Composition: 100% Polyester
- Garment Care: Hand Wash Only
Standard USA delivery (10-15 days)
$7 for all orders or FREE for any over $125.
International Delivery
Non-US International Delivery is normally $13.99 for all orders, depending on where you are located.
We are also able to deliver to a huge number of international locations. For full details of all our available delivery services, please view our delivery information page.
You can return items within 45 days of receiving them for a refund. Please note the items do not have to reach us within this time period, but they must have been sent. For more information on our returns policy, please visit our returns information page.


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A Data Science Central Community
The R Interface to Oracle Data Mining ( R-ODM) allows R users to access the power of Oracle Data Mining's in-database functions using the familiar R syntax. R-ODM provides a powerful environment for prototyping data analysis and data mining methodologies.
R-ODM is especially useful for:
The R-ODM interface allows R users to mine data using Oracle Data Mining from the R programming environment. It consists of a set of function wrappers written in source R language that pass data and parameters from the R environment to the Oracle RDBMS enterprise edition as standard user PL/SQL queries via an ODBC interface. The R-ODM interface code is a thin layer of logic and SQL that calls through an ODBC interface. R-ODM does not use or expose any Oracle product code as it is completely an external interface and not part of any Oracle product. R-ODM is similar to the example scripts (e.g., the PL/SQL demo code) that illustrates the use of Oracle Data Mining, for example, how to create Data Mining models, pass arguments, retrieve results etc.
R-ODM is packaged as a standard R source package and is distributed freely as part of the R environment's Comprehensive R Archive Network ( CRAN). For information about the R environment, R packages and CRAN, see www.r-project.org.
R-ODM is particularly intended for data analysts and statisticians familiar with R but not necessarily familiar with the Oracle database environment or PL/SQL. It is a convenient environment to rapidly experiment and prototype Data Mining models and applications. Data Mining models prototyped in the R environment can easily be deployed in their final form in the database environment, just like any other standard Oracle Data Mining model.
Present and win an Apple iPod Touch!
The BI, Warehousing and Analytics (BIWA) SIG is giving an Apple iPOD Touch to the best new presenter. Be part of the TechCast series and get a chance to win!
Consider highlighting a creative use of R and ODM.
BIWA invites all Oracle professionals (experts, end users, managers, DBAs, developers, data analysts, ISVs, partners, etc.) to submit abstracts for 45 minute technical webcasts to our Oracle BIWA (IOUG SIG) Community in our Wednesday TechCast series. Note that the contest is limited to new presenters to encourage fresh participation by the BIWA community.
What is R?
R is a system for statistical computation and graphics. It consists of a language plus a run-time environment with graphics, a debugger, access to certain system functions, and the ability to run programs stored in script files.
The design of R has been heavily influenced by two existing languages: Becker, Chambers & Wilks' S and Sussman's Scheme. Whereas the resulting language is very similar in appearance to S, the underlying implementation and semantics are derived from Scheme.
R was initially written by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman at the Department of Statistics of the University of Auckland in Auckland, New Zealand.
Since mid-1997 there has been a core group (the "R Core Team") who can modify the R source code archive. Besides this core group many R users have contributed application code as represented in the near 1,500 publicly-available packages in the CRAN archive (which has shown exponential growth since 2001; R News Volume 8/2, October 2008). Today the R community is a vibrant and growing group of dozens of thousands of users worldwide.
It is free software distributed under a GNU-style copyleft, and an official part of the GNU project ("GNU S").
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Distributor's death shocks Houston craft-beer scene
Houston's tight-knit craft-beer community was coming to grips Saturday with news that a well-liked distributor was gunned down at his Montrose home.
Ashley "Ash" Rowell was fatally shot about 7:45 p.m. Friday when he answered his front door in the 1800 block of Portsmouth, police said.
Rowell, 35, was home with his wife, three children and two other children who were sleeping over at the time of the attack, police said.
"He opened up the door and was shot in the doorway," said Sgt. Brian Harris, of HPD's homicide division. "Some of the children may have seen the victim on the ground."
There is no indication the slaying was a random act. The house was not ransacked, police said.
"We believe the assailant knew the victim," Harris said. "We'll put together his business dealings and friendships. Who would want to hurt this man? Usually, the suspect will appear as being that missing piece."
While police had not identified a suspect Saturday, witnesses told investigators a dark-colored sedan was seen speeding away from the home. Police also acknowledged that Rowell had been involved in some business lawsuits in the past with family members that were settled out of court.
The former owner of Duff Beer Distribution was described by customers and friends as a jovial man who was passionate about his business.
"He cared," said Jake Rainey, Houston regional manager for The Flying Saucer bar. "He was a fun, happy person. He had a big heart."
Rainey met Rowell 10 years ago when The Flying Saucer became Duff's first bar account for beer. Rowell did a great job promoting speciality beers, Rainey said.
"He introduced them to people who had never heard of them before and got them drinking good beers," he said.
Rowell got into distributing beer through his family's business, Noble Union Imports, which imports beer from Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom, said friend and customer Dave Fougeron.
The two met about five years ago, when Fougeron's Conroe brewery, Southern Star Brewing Co., was interviewing distributors.
"We instantly clicked with him," Fougeron said. "He was passionate about what he was doing, trying to build his brand up."
Rowell's enthusiasm helped small breweries take off as his distributorship grew, Fougeron said.
"He played such a critical part in growing the Houston beer scene," Fougeron said. "It seemed like his modus operandi was to bring on these small new fledgling craft breweries and help them get their product out to market."
Initially based in Pasadena, Duff moved its headquarters to Houston's Garden Oaks neighborhood about a year ago, Fougeron said.
In early January, he said, the company was acquired by Favorite Brands Houston, also known as L and F Distributors.
Fougeron described the business deal as a "friendly merger."
"My phone's been ringing all morning," Ben Fullelove, owner of the Petrol Station bar and cafe, said Saturday. "The craft-beer community is pretty tight-knit."
Fullelove, who met Rowell about seven years ago, said he was one of the nicest people he knew.
"Sometimes you'd need favors - equipment or things like that - and he was always willing to help out," he said.
Staff writer Mike Glenn contributed to this report.


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Check out this artistic looking fan made poster for Zack Snyder's upcoming Superman movie, Man Of Steel, featuring Henry Cavill with cape blowing in the wind.
The fine people over at The Man Of Steel Fan Page have found this awesome looking poster by artist Daniele Moretti for Zack Snyder's Man Of Steel. The poster features a drawing of Henry Cavill as Superman standing with cape blowing in the wind surveying damage around him.
For a couple more click the source link below to check them out!
Man Of Steel stars Henry Cavill, Amy Adams, Kevin Costner, Diane Lane, Michael Shannon, Antje Traue, Ayelet Zurer, Russell Crowe, Laurence Fishburne with Christopher Meloni, Harry Lennix, and will be released on June 14, 2013.
Man of Steel Facbook Fan Page


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- Our services
- Rehabilitation services
- Speech pathology
Speech pathology
Speech pathologists work with people who have trouble with verbal and written communication, or difficulty with swallowing food or fluids due to stroke, brain injury or a learning or intellectual disability.
If you require rehabilitation, you may be connected with a speech pathologist as part of your personalised treatment plan.
We provide compassionate, holistic care which considers your physical and emotional wellbeing. We work with you to reach your goals and help you return to an independent life.
Speech pathology as part of your rehabilitation
Communication is a key part of our lives. It helps us let people know how we are feeling, what we are thinking, and allows us to be independent in our daily lives.
If your ability to communicate has been impacted by illness or injury, speech therapy may help in your recovery. A speech pathologist can:
- work with you to exercise and strengthen your vocal cords, helping you to better form words and make louder sounds
- teach you different ways to make it easier for you to communicate with others and to better understand when they communicate with you, such as using gestures, writing, drawing or using electronic devices to assist you
- help you with any difficulties with swallowing when eating and drinking.


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Ladybugs, aka ladybird beetles, are out there.
Walk through the garden and they're easy to find.
Last weekend we spotted one tucked in the heart of an artichoke, another climbing a nectarine tree, and still another perched on an artichoke leaf.
They're doing what they're supposed to do--eat aphids and other soft-bodied insects.
Red on green--how beautiful is that?
If you're keen on ladybugs--and you ought to be--you'll want to check out Cornell University's Lost Ladybug Project, once confined to New York state and now a nationwide project. It all began in 2000 when Cornell researchers joined the 4-H Cooperative Extension Master Gardeners to survey ladybug populations throughout the state. Now "citizen scientists" participate in ladybug surveys across the country.
The excitement grew in 2006 when two pre-teens found a nine-spotted ladybug (Coccinella novemnotata) near their home in Virginia. This marked the first documented nine-spotted ladybug found in the eastern United States in 14 years.
The Cornell University site seeks ladybug photos--as of today, the count reached 10,661.
Last Saturday, May 19 the San Diego Botanical Garden got in the act by hosting a "Lost Ladybug Project" for Cornell.
They posted the event on their website only to receive this note: "Ladybug! Ladybug! Fly away home. Your house is on fire. And your children all gone. Because it is Judgment Day..."
Only thing being judged, however, was the number of ladybugs counted...that, no doubt, drew the rapt attention of all.
Those ladybugs are out there...
Author - Communications specialist
Attached Images:
Ladybug looking for food on an artichoke. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Ladybug munching aphids on the limb of a nectarine tree. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Ladybug looking for aphids in all the right places. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)


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Review: Outliers
"Outliers†is, for the most part, a lively and fascinating trip through the making of a success. Taking readers from Canada to Europe, Jamaica—where Gladwell, a descendant of slaves, caught an ancestral "breakâ€â€"to Wall Street, author Malcolm Gladwell is gleeful in revealing his findings.
[Book Review]
Your college alumni letter came the other day. You read it, surprised and a little depressed.
A first-class slacker you graduated with is a multi-millionaire now. The Guy Most Likely to Succeed has done just that and more. And that cheerleader you dated? She's parlayed her pom-poms into prosperity and she's living large.
And you, well, you coulda been a contender but the only Rocky you know has been life since college. Although you're not doing too badly, your classmates obviously did better. Were they born lucky or did their parents "know somebody"? Find out the truth in the new book "Outliers: The Story of Success" by Malcolm Gladwell.
You know a star when you see it. It's the athlete who makes the game look effortless, the businessperson who breezily turns junk into gold, the lawyer who's top in your address book, the teacher you remember best. Gladwell calls those people "Outliers". They lie outside – but above – the norm.
And they are successful. But why?
Gladwell says that, in order to understand highly successful people, you need to look at where they're from, ancestrally, culturally, and geographically. Mix in innate ability, seizable opportunity, and plain old luck and you can predict who succeeds.
In Canada, for instance, Gladwell says that an overwhelming majority of elite hockey players were born in the first three months of the year. The months themselves aren't the key; instead, the best players are best because youth-team age-bracketing runs January 1st through December 31st. Pucksters born early have a several-month advantage over their smaller, younger teammates.
Birth year can play a part in success, too. Gladwell says it's no coincidence that Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and other computer giants were born in the middle 1950s, just like it's no coincidence that some of today's most respected law firms were started by men who were born in the mid-1930s.
But success isn't just a matter of birth. Researchers say that it takes an average of ten thousand hours of practice to become the best at any task. Seizing opportunity definitely helps. If your parents were born to a hard-working culture, that'll give you a leg-up. Somehow getting entire organizations to change their schedules would be beneficial. But brains? Great if you've got 'em, but high intelligence isn't at the top of success-making lists. Practical intelligence is much more desirable.
"Outliers" is, for the most part, a lively and fascinating trip through the making of a success. Taking readers from Canada to Europe, Jamaica—where Gladwell, a descendant of slaves, caught an ancestral "break"—to Wall Street, author Malcolm Gladwell is gleeful in revealing his findings. Although he sometimes rambles before he explains himself, what you'll learn is layered so that it's not overwhelming.
The only problem I see with this book is that it's going to tell you how to spot success, but you won't learn how to get it. Still, Gladwell's latest is one of those business books that doubles as fun, making "Outliers" a book to stay in with this winter.
Book details: "Outliers: The Story of Success" by Malcolm Gladwell. c.2008, Little, Brown and Company. $27.99 / $30.99 Canada. 320 pages
Latest comments
- Ann GarrisonFebruary 22,2018 @ 08:03 PM
I think you have "Filtered HTML" turned on here. If you switch to "Full HTML," it will probably...
googletag.pubads().definePassback('6785150/BENN/BlackStarNews', [[300,250]]).setTargeting('fold',['BTF']).display();


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Scientists have found a fourth gene that is linked to Alzheimer's disease and National Institute on Aging (NIA) neuroscientist Dr. Creighton Phelps believes that this latest gene discovery may yield crucial clues to the molecular underpinnings of this disease. According to Dr. Phelps, this finding may help scientists unravel the mechanisms that promote Alzheimer's and thus, perhaps, lead eventually to new therapeutic interventions.
The Discovery
Subscribe to the World's Most Popular Newsletter (it's free!)
In two separate papers which appear in the August 18, 1995, issue of "Science," NIA grantees at several institutions announce the discovery of a mutation in a gene on chromosome 1 that is associated with one form of early onset Alzheimer's. This gene abnormality is fairly rare and occurs mainly in descendants of Germans who immigrated to an area near the Volga River in Russia and then to the United States. The early onset form of Alzheimer's caused by the defect on chromosome 1 is less prevalent than late onset Alzheimer's, which occurs in people age 65 and older.
Intriguingly, the chromosome 1 gene bears a striking chemical resemblance (67 percent homology or similarity) to a different gene on chromosome 14 identified as influencing early onset Alzheimer's, but affecting a different set of families. This information gives researchers a significant boost in their understanding of how these genetic abnormalities may influence the development of Alzheimer's because of the similarities in the proteins produced by the genes.
Source: National Institute of Aging
Press Release
August 17, 1995


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Yolo CountyHome Sitemap Contact
Storm Water Management
Everyday activities such as yard work and washing your car can be harmful to our water quality. Learn what we all can do to help keep our water clear of pollution:
If you see any pollutants that have been dumped or washed down the gutters and going down the storm drains please notify the Planning, Public Works and Environmental Services Department right away by completing the following online form. Storm Drain Pollution Complaint Form
We all want the water we depend on every day to be clean and pollution free. Watch these 5 to 7 minute YouTube videos and learn what you can do to conserve and protect our water quality: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/stormfilm/
Check out this website for interesting facts and creative ways the whole family can get involved in keeping our water clean: http://www.sacsplash.org/explore-investigate.
Don't dump anything down storm drains. Chemicals and household products such as paint, oil, and pesticides harm fish, wildlife, and people.
Dispose of litter and waste properly.
Keep storm drains clear of leaves, debris, dirt, sand, silt, and trash. View informative videos here: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/stormfilm/.
Prevent dripping and spilling automobile fluids. Used oil and filters, antifreeze, and other automobile fluids can be safely recycled at a local used oil collection center. Check here for locations: http://www.yolocounty.org/community-services/planning-public-works/integrated-waste-management-division/recycling-information/motor-oil-and-filters-recycling
Wash cars and other vehicles at a car wash, rather than in a yard or on the street where the soap and oil will flow into a storm drain.
Reduce or eliminate use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers for landscaping and lawns.
Compost or recycle leaves and yard waste, do not dump into streams or behind fences.
Prevent livestock from entering watercourses by fencing and other means.
Clean up after pets and dispose of it in the trash can.
Take steps during construction activities to prevent dirt and sediment from running off the site and into waterways.
This program was adopted by the Board of Supervisors on December 7, 2004.
Storm Water Management Plan (PDF)
Stormwater Ordinance (PDF)
Stormwater Standards & Standard Drawings (PDF)
Good Housekeeping Practices (PDF)
Part of the Yolo County Improvement Standards
Questions or comments can be directed to
the Storm Water Program Administrator, Panos Kokkas , at (530) 666-8775
State Programs and Information:
California Urban Water Conservation Council - BMPs at: http://www.cuwcc.org/Resources/Best-Management-Practices-BMPs
State Water Resources Control Board at: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/
Cal-Trans SWPPP and WPCP Preparation Manual: http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/construc/stormwater/documents/CTSW-TM-11-255-08-2_Summary-of-Changes.pdf
California's Phase II Small MS4 Permit, see at: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/docs/phsii2012_5th/order_final.pdf
Natural Resources Conservation Service: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/site/national/home/
Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Information
State Water Resources Control Board - Water Quality National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System, General Permit for Storm Water Discharges from Small Municipal Separate Sewer Systems
Other educational & useful links:
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
State Water Resources Control Board Permit Information
Cal-Trans SWPPP and WPCP Preparation Manual
Putah Creek Council at: http://www.putahcreekcouncil.org/
Yolo Audubon at: http://www.yoloaudubon.org/
Yolo Basin Foundation at: http://yolobasin.org/
Yolo County Resource Conservation District at: http://www.yolorcd.org/
Yolo County Visitors Bureau at: http://www.yolocvb.net/
UC Davis, Putah-Cache Creek Bioregion Project at: http://bioregion.ucdavis.edu/
Yolo County Creek Cleanup Day ~ Bragging Rights: News Article


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Please note, patient visitors will be limited to no more than one for the patient's entire hospital stay or visit. Children under the age of 18 will no longer be allowed as visitors. For more information on our ongoing response to COVID-19 in Gainesville, Jacksonville, and Central Florida, visit our coronavirus website.Click to learn more
Primary tabs
ESR stands for erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It is commonly called a "sed rate."
It is a test that indirectly measures how much inflammation is in the body.
Alternative Names
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; Sed rate; Sedimentation rate
How the Test is Performed
A blood sample is needed. Most of the time, blood is drawn from a vein located on the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The blood sample is sent to a lab.
The test measures how fast red blood cells (called erythrocytes) fall to the bottom of a tall, thin tube.
How to Prepare for the Test
There are no special steps needed to prepare for this test.
How the Test will Feel
You may feel slight pain or a sting when the needle is inserted. You may also feel some throbbing at the site after the blood is drawn.
Why the Test is Performed
Reasons why a "sed rate" may be done include:
- Unexplained fevers
- Certain types of arthritis
- Muscle symptoms
- Other vague symptoms that cannot be explained
This test may also be used to monitor whether an illness is responding to treatment.
This test can be used to monitor inflammatory diseases or cancer. It is not used to diagnose a specific disorder.
However, the test is useful for detecting and monitoring:
- Autoimmune disorders
- Bone infections
- Certain forms of arthritis
- Inflammatory diseases that cause vague symptoms
- Tissue death
Normal Results
For adults (Westergren method):
- Men under 50 years old: less than 15 mm/hr
- Men over 50 years old: less than 20 mm/hr
- Women under 50 years old: less than 20 mm/hr
- Women over 50 years old: less than 30 mm/hr
For children (Westergren method):
- Newborn: 0 to 2 mm/hr
- Newborn to puberty: 3 to 13 mm/hr
Note: mm/hr = millimeters per hour
Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your health care provider about the meaning of your specific test results.
What Abnormal Results Mean
An abnormal ESR may help with a diagnosis, but it does not prove that you have a certain condition. Other tests are almost always needed.
An increased ESR rate may be due to:
- Anemia
- Cancers such as lymphoma or multiple myeloma
- Kidney disease
- Pregnancy
- Thyroid disease
The immune system helps protect the body against harmful substances. An autoimmune disorder is when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy body tissue. ESR is often higher than normal in people with an autoimmune disorder.
Common autoimmune disorders include:
Very high ESR levels occur with less common autoimmune disorders, including:
- Allergic vasculitis
- Giant cell arteritis
- Hyperfibrinogenemia (increased fibrinogen levels in the blood)
- Macroglobulinemia - primary
- Necrotizing vasculitis
- Polymyalgia rheumatica
An increased ESR rate may be due to some infections, including:
- Bodywide (systemic) infection
- Bone infections
- Infection of the heart or heart valves
- Rheumatic fever
- Severe skin infections, such as erysipelas
- Tuberculosis
Lower-than-normal levels occur with:
- Congestive heart failure
- Hyperviscosity
- Hypofibrinogenemia (decreased fibrinogen levels)
- Leukemia
- Low plasma protein (due to liver or kidney disease)
- Polycythemia
- Sickle cell anemia
Marshall SE. Immunological factors in disease. In: Walker BR, Colledge NR, Ralston SH, Penman ID, eds. Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2014:chap 4.
Pisetsky DS. Laboratory testing in the rheumatic diseases. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 257.


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From the monetary fortress of the European Central Bank to the pro-European duchy of Luxembourg, policy makers are beginning to air their doubts that Greece can stay in the euro.
Post-election tumult in Athens has put the once-taboo subject of an exit from the 17-country currency union on the agenda, lifting the veil on possible scenario planning afoot behind the scenes.
"If Greece decides not to stay in the euro zone, we cannot force Greece," German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble said at a conference sponsored by German broadcaster WDR in Brussels yesterday. "They will decide whether to stay in the euro zone or not."
After 386 billion euros ($499 billion) in aid pledges for Greece, Ireland and Portugal, 214 billion euros in ECB bond purchases and another trillion euros in low-interest loans for banks, plus 17 high-level crisis summits, Greece's political chaos thrust Europe into a perilous new phase.
The world is witnessing an "important moment in European Union history, a moment of crisis," EU President Herman Van Rompuy said in Brussels on the 62nd anniversary of the declaration by Robert Schuman, then France's foreign minister, that launched postwar European integration.Euro's Drop The euro fell for the eighth day as it dawned on investors that Greek voters' revolt against austerity, and not the victory of Socialist Francois Hollande in France, was the more significant of the two national elections in the EU on May 6.
Bonds of at-risk countries have suffered since the balloting. Spain's extra 10-year yield over German levels widened to 456 basis points from 415 at the end of last week. Italy's widened to 408 basis points from 385 over the same timespan. The euro bought $1.2950 at 6:15 p.m. in Brussels, bringing its eight-day loss to 2.4 percent.
"Politically speaking, Greece is already out of the euro zone," Nicholas Spiro, managing director of Spiro Sovereign Strategy in London, said in an e-mailed note. "The only question is about the timing and disorderliness of its exit.
The Greek parties running on an austerity-for-rescue platform took one-third of the vote. Top vote getter Antonis Samaras failed to assemble a government, throwing in the towel after a few hours. Second-place finisher Alexis Tsipras of the Syriza party began coalition talks with an ultimatum to would-be partners to renounce support for the bailout.Catastrophic Uncertainty
The response outside Athens left little room for maneuver. Schaeuble said that fiddling with the bailout terms would unleash ''catastrophic uncertainty'' in financial markets, and the central bank's verdict came from his former deputy, Joerg Asmussen.
''Greece has to be aware that there is no alternative to the agreed consolidation program if it wants to remain a member of the euro zone,'' Asmussen, who last year moved from the German Finance Ministry to the ECB board, told Handelsblatt in an interview published yesterday.
With polls showing roughly the same proportion of Greeks wanting to stay in monetary union while opposing austerity, the haggling over the future government and possible elections next month put the country before two incompatible options.Very Painful
''If 80 percent of Greeks want to stay in the euro, then I think they have to support parties that are in favor of this policy of staying in the euro,'' Luxembourg Foreign Minister Jean Asselborn said at the Brussels conference. Otherwise ''comes the point where Greece unfortunately has squandered the opportunity and that will be very, very painful for the people.''
European treaties label the euro ''irrevocable'' and provide no legal procedure for a country to leave or be thrown out. A December 2009 study by the ECB's legal department deemed an ouster or departure ''so challenging, conceptually, legally and practically, that its likelihood is close to zero.''
Europe's crisis managers put the odds at zero until last November, when German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy turned a planned Greek referendum on austerity into an in-or-out vote on Greece's euro future.
The referendum was dropped and the Greek leader who mooted it, George Papandreou, was out within days. A nonpartisan government led by former ECB Vice President Lucas Papademos took over. Unlike Italy, which got a technocratic government at the same time, Greek politicians gambled on early elections.Re-Vote
With the coalition talks in Athens at risk of stalemating, another vote may come as soon as next month.
Merkel's first finance minister, Peer Steinbrueck, questioned whether a new election would yield a functioning government with the mandate to deliver the additional savings demanded by international donors.
Greece may be mired in ''a fragile, virtually paralyzed situation for months," Steinbrueck, a potential challenger to Merkel in Germany's 2013 election, said at the Brussels conference.
The next Greek ballot "will be a referendum on continued euro membership," said John Stopford, co-head of fixed income and currency in London at Investec Asset Management, which oversees about $90 billion. "As last week's election shows, it's going to be a close-run thing."


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Try Blockly
Blockly Basics
The Blockly library adds an editor to your app that represents coding concepts as interlocking blocks. Blockly generates simple, syntactically-correct code from the blocks in the editor, which your app can use to run games, control robots, or do anything else your imagination can concieve.
Built with Blockly
Blockly is being used by hundreds of projects, most of them educational:
Blockly for Web
Blockly in a browser allows web pages to include a visual code editor for any of Blockly's five supported programming languages, or your own. In Blockly Games, pictured here, users can solve a maze using Blockly's editor on the right.
Blockly is...
- Pure JavaScript library. Under 150kb over the wire.
- 100% client side. No server side dependencies.
- Compatible with all major browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera, and IE.
- Highly customizable and extensible.
Scratch Blocks (developer preview)
Google and the MIT Media Lab's Scratch Team are collaborating on the development of a new generation of graphical programming blocks, called Scratch Blocks. Scratch Blocks builds on Google's Blockly technology and the Scratch team's expertise in designing creative interfaces for young learners.
Scratch Blocks is...
- A collaboration between MIT and Google, built on Blockly.
- Beginner friendly with an icon based horizontal UI.
- Scratch's standard vertical UI (in progress).
- Designed specifically for younger kids.


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Weight training makes a person healthy, fit and strong. It is not just for people who want to build muscle, but for everyone who likes to stay fit and keep the excess weight off. If you want to get in shape or stay in shape you can walk, run or cycle every morning, play sports with friends, but if you want to have muscles and look lean, then lifting some weights either at the gym or at home is your Best bet.
People go to the gym for many reasons. Eg:
To lose a few pounds if they are overweight.
To gain a few pounds (of muscle) if they are underweight.
To get fit and Healthy.
To get strong.
The most effective exercise plan for most should have some cardiovascular work and mostly weight training exercises. This helps burn calories and increase the muscle to fat ratio better than cardiovascular work alone.
Some Benefits of Weight training;
1. It is the best way to maintain and improve ones health from a variety of diseases and premature death.
2. It makes a person feel better and increase ones self confidence, predictions depression, anxiety
And gloom.
3. A weight training lifestyle helps a person live longer than an inactive person.
4. It instils discipline into a person, making other things in life easy.
5. It makes one stronger physically and mentally.
To start: one should consult a physician to get the go ahead and then get into it gradually.
Getting stronger, fitter, healthy Week by week building up more endurance will be of great benefit to you.
Aim for 3 or 4 days a week working out, this is sufficient no matter what your goals are.
Maintain a reasonable diet.
You could consult with a professional to get an excellent eating plan to match your goals and gym
Activities.They will evaluate you based on your needs, and recommend a diet plan.
A good diet should have nutrients of all the food groups.
This is made up by 3 basic groups.
The first is carbohydrates.The energy source. The food that a person consumes should have vitamins, minerals and some fiber. A lot of this comes from oats, rice, potatoes, cereals and exports, and also from vegetables and fruits since these have chemicals, enzymes and micro-nutrients that are essential for a healthy diet.
The Second is Protein. The building blocks of muscle and essential organisms.This comes from fish, chicken, red meat and dairy. Protein is broken down in the body to form amino acids for repair and
Growth of new cells.
The third is fat. The enemy, according to most.There are 4 types of fat: Saturated (the bad) from animals, the more animal fat you consume the higher your blood cholesterol will rise, increasing the risk of a malfunction in the body.Should be taken in Small quantities.Sources are: Beef, dairy, coconut oil.
Polyunsaturated (the good) Comes from plants, reduces blood cholesterol.
Sources are: nuts, fish, safflower oil, seeds, corn oil and sunflower oil.
Monounsaturated (the best) also comes from plants, raises the good cholesterol.
Sources are: Avocado,
Olive oil, olives, nuts, canola oil and peanut butter.
Hydrogenated fatty acids (the ugly) This is relatively new, the effects are unknown, it is believed that they like like saturated fat (the bad) causing blood cholesterol levels to rise.
The consumption of fats (the good fats) is important for our health. They are used in the production of hormones and other activities.We do need some fat, but do limit the bad.
A great way to help your efforts in the gym is to give up some detrimental behaviors such as smoking and drinking alcohol. Smoking damages the lungs and dramatically increases the risk of lung cancer along with other diseases. Excessive drinking has also been shown to causes major diseases.
These two habits are definitely not worth having around.
The best thing one can do for them is to quit any destructive habits that they have and get into that gym, start pumping some iron and look forward to greater Health and Fitness.


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Do you want to get to the top of the search engines(Google,Yahoo...)? Seo compatible domains can make your work easier in this regard. Domains that contain words related to the job you do attract people's interest and allow people to visit your website. At the same time, such domains ensure that your workplace and website are not forgotten. The first step for a properly organized website is to choose the right domain. Would you like to have a successful website?
You can bid and buy for this domain that is suitable for you. In this way, you will make a nice breakthrough for your business. Remember, only one person can own this domain.
"Sedo.com" platform is preferred for this domain buyer to have no trust problems and a smooth sales process.
You may be interested, specially selected domains on related topics.


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If you want to sponsor this country, click here.
2) If you want your name in all pages of this country,
click here.
3) Communicate with Datacentre
world map below. If this country looks smaller in
the world map, imagine how small it will be in the
CSRidentity.com thinks you are a world citizen. There
are more than 7.6 billion citizens in this world.
So you may be too small
in number terms, but you have a BIG role.
Normally when you are alive, you do something good
for yourself, your family, friends, relatives.
But dont think myopic, if one integrates all the citizens
in the world, all of you together make a BIG impact.
So do something helpful
to your country, this world, this climate and this
Then it will be good to live & leave this world.
plans to reachout to corporates, NGOs, FAs, Philanthropists,
Media, foreign embassies, government officials worldover
And we believe celebrities have a much bigger role
because they have great power to influence their followers.
Our contact : Datacentre