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By Peter Emch Sep 06, 2011 2
Long Day's Journey into Financial Light: Part I, Public Funding Sources
Imagine walking through a very long tunnel. You finally see the end of the tunnel bathed in light and feel a tremendous sense of relief, perhaps even exultation. But since your eyes have not adjusted to the light, you actually have no idea what is waiting for you just outside—maybe a grassy field and gentle stream, maybe a hungry bear, or maybe the light is really an oncoming train. Families with autistic teens approaching legal adulthood often see the light of a high school diploma or certificate of completion as the end of their own tunnel. Unfortunately, financially speaking, that light is more likely to be an oncoming train than a sunlit grassy knoll.
Financial preparation for a lifetime of autism is a daunting task. A family must assess what private/personal financial resources can reasonably be earned or expended over the lifetime of the autistic individual, and attempt to combine them with publicly available funding in a way that does not disqualify an autistic person from receiving public support. This is a delicate balancing act. Furthermore, the public support consists of disparate programs, individually legislated sometimes by federal and other times by state governments—some aimed at poverty, others at disability—that are rarely coordinated. The result is a confusing mess. There is no "U.S. Autism Program," and before you think, "Well, they should do something about that!" understand that there is no "they." You are "they." So as you take a deep breath here are a few maxims to bear in mind:
- This is a marathon, not a sprint. Unless full-time employment for the autistic individual is a plausible expectation, it makes little sense to exhaust precious family financial resources on expensive, specialized but ultimately financially unsustainable programs immediately after high school. Neurotypical families might shell out big bucks to send their child to Princeton, but he will not spend the rest of his life running up tuition bills there.
- But sprinting to get in line for public programs is necessary... Most adults with a full autism diagnosis probably have low enough income and assets, and have a severe enough disability, to qualify for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) from the Social Security Administration. Qualifying for SSI is a process which may become protracted due to denials, but if successful, provides a monthly income and opens other funding doors (e.g., Medicaid eligibility in most states). Many funding streams, especially those sponsored exclusively at the state rather than federal level, have long and lengthening wait lists so one should get on them ASAP. Generally speaking, federal programs are more securely funded than state and local programs.
- ...because eligibility does not equal entitlement. When a young adult with autism leaves the public school system at the age of 18, 19, 20 or 21, he is no longer entitled by law to receive a variety of services but instead is eligible to receive services and assistance from programs for which he qualifies if funding is available. An autistic adult may qualify for programs aimed at disabled persons or at people living below defined poverty levels. SSI is a program designed for disabled persons who are poor. Examples of major poverty-based programs include medical (Medicaid), housing (Housing Choice Vouchers aka Section 8), and nutritional (Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program [SNAP] aka Food Stamps) assistance. Also, some programs provide funding/service to everyone whose application is approved (e.g., SSI, Medicaid and SNAP), while others, such as Section 8 Housing and Medicaid Waiver programs typically will serve a limited number of applicants, meaning that a wait listing is likely. It may be wise for families to focus most of their energy on applications for programs that serve all qualifying applicants.
- High school students age 16 and over should use the transition process to explore financial and potential employment assistance that may be available in your state. The transition specialist in your school system is likely familiar with vocational rehababilitation, housing assistance, day habilitation assistance, and other state-specific programs, most of which will probably have waiting lists. Get on these waiting lists as soon as possible. Transition services, provided correctly, ought to "grease the skids" into these state programs but the wait times may be lengthy.
Supplemental Security Income , Administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA)
What It Is:
SSI is a federal program designed to provide income for disabled people who have little or no income and very limited assets. A full autism diagnosis will generally be considered a "marked and severe" impairment which should qualify a child as disabled, and prevent an adult from procuring "substantial gainful activity" which is the adult standard for disability. SSI is arguably the most important public benefit that an autistic person can qualify for, not only because it provides a monthly income, but also because its strict disability and income/asset requirements mark an SSI recipient as likely to qualify for a multitude of other public benefit programs as well. It can be a de facto passport to other services. Individuals qualifying for SSI must have income below the federal benefit rate of $674 per month ($1011 for married couple), which is equal to the maximum benefit that SSI will pay out. Personal assets are limited to $2000 per individual or $3000 for a married couple. However, there are certain payments made to an individual that are not counted against income, such as the first $20 of most income received per month as well as the first $65 per month of wages and half of the wages over $65 per month, as well as certain other public benefits such as food stamps. However, other benefits, such as the rental value of a young adult living in his parent's house, may be considered the equivalent of income for that young adult. Per the asset limit, the home a person lives in, the land it is on, and often a vehicle or other assets required for holding a job are examples of things not counted against the $2000 limit. Families who have income and assets greater than these limits may be able to shelter assets to be used for caring for an autistic family member by setting up a special needs trust.
How To Get It
Since SSI is a program that is designed for disabled persons only, you must be able to document your disability as well as your financial status. Be prepared to provide a diagnosis from a physician and, if an adult, a professional opinion that your condition will prevent you from engaging in substantial gainful activity. If a child applies for SSI, his parents' income and assets are counted against the limits described above. For some families this means that it makes more sense to wait until an autistic person turns 18 to apply for benefits. However, most initial applications for SSI are turned down and persons must reapply after learning what parts of their application the SSA finds deficient. So advice from lawyers and social workers is: Prepare documentation of disability rigorously, apply early, anticipate an initial denial, reapply, and keep fighting. One can begin the application process at your local Social Security office or online. A freely available overview of SSI, as well as a link to the excellent book, Nolo's Guide to Social Security Disability, is available on the Nolo website. The Supplemental Security Income page has links that will take you to the Benefit Eligibility Screening Tool as well as to the application process which will eventually culminate in a face-to-face meeting/interview by SSA personnel. In addition, the Ohio Center for Autism and Low Incidence (OCALI) website offers a video interview with a parent and autism advocate who describes the SSI application process based on his own experience as well as those of the clients he has represented.
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) – Administered by the SSA
What It Is
SSDI is a federal program which provides income to disabled workers and their dependants who have what we will refer to as a "Qualifying Work History" (QWH) and thus have paid FICA payroll taxes and earned enough work credits to qualify for social security benefits. There are three types of SSDI benefits that may be provided: (1) to the individual with a QWH who has become disabled before age 65; (2) to disabled children or to the disabled adult children (who were disabled prior to age 22) of someone who has a QWH; or (3) to widows or widowers age 50 or older of deceased persons with a QWH. Since few autistic people have QWHs, and since relatively few get married, benefit (2), known as the Childhood Disability Benefit is most likely to impact people with autism. Applications for SSDI, like those for SSI, are made to the SSA, which should determine eligibility for both programs with a single application. (In theory, anyway. You will need to verify this upon application.)
There are some important differences between SSI and SSDI: (1) SSDI payments are based on the earnings of the person with a QWH, and therefore may be higher or, occasionally, lower than the maximum SSI benefit; (2) Although there is a mandatory five-month waiting period before SSDI payments begin, the SSA may determine that a claimant is owed benefits retroactively, i.e., before the application was submitted, which will not happen with an SSI application; (3) Twenty-four months after SSDI benefits begin, a claimant automatically qualifies for Medicare coverage, whereas there is no automatic Medicaid coverage as usually occurs for SSI claimants. If SSDI benefits are low enough, a claimant may also qualify for SSI.
Thinking About SSI and SSDI Together
Example: Johan, 53, and Dorothy Jones, 50, have 16-year-old son, Mike, who has a full autism diagnosis. Both Johan and Dorothy have QWHs and Johan is still working full time. Family income and assets are above limits to enable Mike to qualify for SSI. Knowing that Mike will be denied benefits, the Joneses may wish to wait until Mike is one month from his 18th birthday in order to begin the SSI application process. If Johan retires in twelve years, they may wish to reapply for SSDI benefits for Mike, which might be greater than SSI benefits, and eventually enable Mike to qualify for Medicare coverage.
Medicaid, Administered By the Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services and the States
What It Is
Medicaid is a federal program, administered primarily at the state level, and funded jointly by federal and state sources, that provides health care and other services to people under state-defined poverty levels. In some states the program goes by other names, such as Medi-Cal in California. For most people with autism, access to the Medicaid and SSI programs are the two most important sources of financial support in their lives. In most states, if you qualify for SSI you automatically qualify for Medicaid. In seven states you will qualify after a separate application process: AK, ID, KS, NE, NV, OR, and UT. The eleven states with separate eligibility rules include: CT, HI, IL, IN, MN, MO, NH, ND, OH, OK and VA. One may qualify for Medicaid without qualifying for SSI since in some states effective income/asset limits are higher (particularly in the 34 states that recognize the concept of "Medically Needy") and Medicaid does not require recipients to be disabled. One can qualify for Medicare, through SSDI, for example, and still be eligible to qualify for Medicaid.
The Medicaid program provides both mental and physical health care benefits, and the states define what services and procedures are covered. Some of these services may include therapy or day services for people who are considered developmentally disabled. The Medicaid program also provides long term skilled care (nursing home care) for elderly people whose assets and income have been exhausted.
Almost all states have chosen to offer services through Medicaid "Waiver" programs that allow states to provide services outside of traditional federal Medicaid mandates. There is widespread use of Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) Section 1915 (c) Waivers which allow states to provide in home/community services in lieu of institutional services. "Olmstead" Waivers, named after the 1999 Supreme Court ruling, are similar and are specifically aimed at people with disabilities. A few states have waiver programs that are specific to autism. However, funding for waiver programs is generally limited and waiting lists for services are usually long. Unfortunately, waits of seven years are not unusual. A good source for further information is the video interview of Gary Tonks found on the OCALI website.
How To Get It
You can apply for Medicaid benefits at your local Medicaid office.
Housing Assistance Programs, Administered by Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)
What It Is
The primary program for low income housing is the Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCVP)--also known as "Section 8" housing. which is a federal program overseen by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) but administered primarily at the local level. Generally, the program is aimed at people with incomes under 50% (and especially under 30%) of the median income for the local area, and/or elderly and disabled persons. These programs assist paying rent, and in some cases can assist in purchasing a home, but housing providers must be participating in the HCVP. The HCVP is administered by local Public Housing Agencies (PHAs), which accept applications, keep waiting lists and administer payments. In general, families are expected to find appropriate housing themselves and apply the HCVP subsidy--which varies--toward their rent. Typically, persons receiving HCVP assistance are expected to pay about 30% of their income toward rent.
For persons living in rural areas--usually defined as having populations under 10,000--the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has Rural Development Programs that assist low income people with housing:
- The Rural Rental Program (Section 515) provides subsidies to renters who find housing from participating program providers.
- The Single Family Home Loan Program (Section 502) provides subsidized mortgages to low income families which can sometimes be combined (or "leveraged") with traditional bank financing.
- The Home Repair Loan and Grant Program (Section 504) provides low interest loans, and in some cases grants, for home repair.
How To Get It
In order to qualify for an HCVP, persons should apply to their local PHA. If successful, an applicant will typically be added to a wait list. Often, however, wait lists are full and the PHA is not accepting applications so you must check back periodically.
Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) – Administered by the USDA
What It Is
SNAP, often referred to by its former program name "Food Stamps," is a federal program administered primarily at the state level that provides payments to households below state-defined poverty lines that can be used to purchase food from participating retailers. Like the Medicaid program, SNAP sometimes goes by other names, such as the Food Supplement Program (FSP) in Maryland. As of mid-2011, 45 million Americans received some form of SNAP assistance, or almost 15% of the U.S. population. Since eligibility is based on household income (gross 130%/net 100% of poverty) and resource ($2000 or $3000 per household) limits, autistic adults living with other family will have eligibility impacted by income and resources of that family. Autistic individuals living independently and who are receiving SSI should qualify for SNAP allotments, since SSI income and asset limits are generally more restrictive than SNAP limits. If an applicant qualifies for SNAP he will be issued an Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card which may be swiped like a debit card at a participating grocery store or retailer. The (rather complicated) calculation of monthly benefit--called an "allotment"--varies by income level, size of household and certain qualifying household expenses. Based on $64.4 billion of benefits allotted by the program in fiscal 2010, we estimate that an average recipient receives about $120 per month in benefits.
How To Get It
You must apply at a local SNAP office, and generally have a face-to-face interview during which you should be prepared to document income and resource levels and qualifying expenses. Proof of SSI receipts will generally be helpful in establishing eligibility.
Other Federal Programs
There are a large variety of federal government assistance programs. Two examples of programs which may be applicable to autistic individuals, and websites with eligibility and application information, are:
Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP): Overseen by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) these federally funded block grants are state administered and aimed at households between 110% and 150% of the poverty level to help pay for home heating bills
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): Formerly AFDC (often referred to as "welfare"), this program is overseen by HHS. These federally-funded block grants are administered by the states.
The website Benefits.gov is a good place to explore various U.S. Government programs for which you may qualify. There is a Benefit Finder tool, or you may browse by topic, (e.g., Disability Assistance), by federal agency, or by state. Only federal programs are included on this site, although many are state administered.
Other State Programs
There are many different state programs across the various states which autistic individuals may qualify for. All states have a disabilities services agency which, like motor vehicle departments, goes by different names in different states. These agencies typically provide funding for vocational rehabilitation, residence, day habilitation, transportation services, etc. You should contact this agency within your state as soon as possible to get information on programs and eligibility. State programs may be for children or adults, but many are wait-listed so there is no reason to wait until adulthood to contact these agencies.
Good sources for information about state programs can be found from local chapters of the advocacy organizations--such Autism Speaks, the Autism Society of America, and The Arc.
There is an excellent state-specific financial article posted by Pathfinders For Autism in Maryland entitled "Financial Things Every Parent Should Know" which is quite helpful for Maryland residents, but also serves as an example of how many different state resources may exist besides those mentioned here.


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subset: commoncrawl


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Joolz is a wonderful person to work with; a very holistic approach, full of creativity, proficiency, meticulous eye for detail, understanding of the big strategic issues, very enlightening and enlightened – Joolz brings soul to work in a practical, sensible and wonderful way.
— Georgeanne Lamont, Founder, Caring for Care Homes, Caring for Care Homes
You can often find a speaker who has a lot of good content but has poor delivery. You can easily find a speaker who has good delivery but has poor content. It is very rare to find someone who is good at both simultaneously and who has a flair for engaging with people.
— Alex Volossevich, Company Secretary, Fincore.
I'd recommend Joolz to any organisation looking for an experienced and credible consultant who knows how to translate the ethos of 'people at the heart of business success' into results.
— Doug Crawford, Chief Executive Officer, My Home Move, My Home Move
Joolz is a highly intelligent and dedicated professional. She understands the key issues of driving change programs, and associated business processes. We have worked together on a number of challenging projects, and she has always displayed the utmost commitment and total professionalism.
— David Woodhead, CRM & Digital Transformation Practice Lead, CSC Global, CSC Global
Joolz is passionate about her work, and articulate and engaging in her talks. Her knowledge of the subject matter is particularly emphasised during Q/A sessions – I would have no hesitation in recommending Joolz to any organisation who wishes to build on their success.
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We thoroughly enjoyed your presentation yesterday and it certainly set us up feeling motivated for the day.
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The workshops Joolz facilitated with our executive level key sponsors were well received and helped significantly in driving adoption across the group.
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Just wanted to say thank you for speaking at the conference. It added a great (non numerical) dimension which has received some great feedback…
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She Said:
I have a thing for everyday loveliness. When I was little and my mom baked batches of bread, I'd coyly request a slice from the prettiest loaf. In high school, I opted for cross country's winding gravel roads rather than track's monotonous cinder loop. And these days I stroll through Central Park if I can help it rather than take the subway. If, on rare occasion, I take the train home, I hop off a stop earlier than I ought, lugging my groceries several extra blocks just so I can emerge amid a cobblestone square with trees and blooms and not the usual street-side muck. Heck, I've even been known to scatter flowers atop my salads.
It only seems natural that I'd be drawn to recipes with a little character. Those far-and-few-between ones that that play loose and easy with language, that exude a bit of playfulness, that maybe even dance to their own rhythm of style and grammar, that are imbued with a touch of the writer's personality.
What I don't care for are recipes that leave either everything or nothing to the imagination. It's not that I can't appreciate the practicality of such recipes. I can. It's like the shortest way home from the subway: tremendously efficient. They just bore the heck out of me. So indistinguishable are these uninspired instructions that even copyright law renders them immune from legal protection—unless an author so inextricably interjects herself into the prose that the recipe move into the realm of art.
But here's the thing. A recipe needn't be flowery or poetically epic to be filled with personality. Take the succinct recipes penned by the inimitable Laurie Colwin. Yes, she memorably blurred the line between ingredient list and instructions, but she was also fluent in the language of the everyday without being self-indulgent. We benefit not just from her culinary expertise but from her life itself. Note, if you will, how she channels Katharine Hepburn's brownie recipe in just four dozen or so words. [Editor's Note: Those of you who haven't hoarded your copies of Gourmet magazine from the '80s might wish to seek out the collected works of Colwin, which includes the recently reissued Home Cooking: A Writer in the Kitchen, although this particular collection does not include the brownie recipe.]
There are, of course, others. M. F. K. Fisher. Ruth Reichl. Judy Rodgers. Fran Gage. Whether soft-spoken, plainspoken, or outspoken, each of them knows how to linger rather than dally over a description that unfailingly mirrors their thoughts, their cooking experiences, and, at times, some measure of their very being. Take Gage, who in The New American Olive Oil disregards more humdrum, requisite descriptions for caramelized onions and instead paints them "the color of a polished mahogany table." What a lovely little interlude to happen upon while in the midst of making supper.
And that's my point.
Yes, perhaps we'd all save a few seconds here and there if we dispensed with extraneous adjectives and explanations and set them aside to appreciate during a less rushed day. But here's the thing: You may have every intention of doing so, but if you're anything like me, it won't happen. Life goes by pretty quickly. I prefer to cling to what loveliness there is when it happens, even if that means taking a slightly longer glance at that batter-splattered recipe ripped from a magazine long ago.
He Said:
Laurie Colwin. Kate Hepburn. Fudgy brownies. Mine is a losing proposition, if I ever saw one. If one of us is going to get strung up in the public square and poked with the business end of sharp farm tools, it surely isn't going to be Renee. But here goes.
I enjoy beautiful words as much as the next cook. Maybe more, being a writer. I've banged my head against the wall countless times trying to find descriptive ways of explaining to you, dear readers, what a perfectly griddled pancake looks like or when onions are at a precise state of wilted-dom. But I've got to tell you, I like the division of church and state—or in this case, art and craft.
Gorgeous language is entirely welcome in a recipe, but come on—for God's sake, not in the directions. Let's keep it relegated to the headnote. That's where all of the everyday prettiness—the art—Renee loves should live.
Now, I've never seen Renee cook, but I imagine it's probably an act of supreme Zen meditation. I see her humming a Gershwin tune softly to herself, thrumming her fingers on the counter as she leans over a recipe, smiling at all those conjunction junctions, hooking words and phases and clauses and making them function. I wouldn't be surprised if woodland creatures gather at her feet while birds twitter around her head, so at one with the prose is she. And the actual act of putting together a meal? Sheer fluidity Martha Graham would envy, I'm sure.
I, on the other hand, have every intention of cooking like that, and I always start that way. But 20 minutes later, I've usually discovered I've forgotten something at the grocery store, so I have to stomp around looking for a replacement. The One then asks, for the tenth time, "When will dinner be ready?" As the tension escalates, you'd think my cooking motto, no doubt brazenly tattooed across my ample chest, is, "No pot left behind," because the counter, sideboard, and kitchen table are strewn with dirty cookware. And the sad thing is I'm the one who lives in the country part-time with a yard of woodland creatures. I'm the one with a huge kitchen. But with all the clanking of pans and cursing to the fates, nary a bird would dare cross our property line.
What does all of this have to do with the way a recipe is written? A lot. I like a recipe to be clear, concise, descriptive, and orderly—that's the craft. I want to get in and out and get on with it. But that's a hard thing to do when the ingredients list is embedded in the directions, like Colwin is wont to do. Huh? Or when there's a lot of chatty Cathy me-me-me narrative going on, and I have to keep returning back to the recipe, wooden spoon dripping olive oil everywhere, while I run my index finger down the page trying to find my place again. I don't mind snuggling up to a writer, having her take me by the hand through her recipe, her cooking domain. But when I have to sift through anecdotes about her husband's eating habits and her kids' preference for dark chocolate in between steps six and seven, it just mucks up the cooking process.
Speaking of numbered steps, I can't fathom why so many recipes are bereft of them. Numbers are what make society run. (Try not having a social security number, license number, telephone number.) And they have an elegant logic that's utterly failsafe: two follows one, three follows two, which follows one, and so forth. When a recipe is numbered, it makes for (pun intended) an easily digestible chunk of text. And face it, when you're making cassoulet from LC recipe tester Cindi Kruth, you better believe you need plenty of number steps to make it through the end without plunging your head into duck fat and ending it all. For me, in the kitchen at least, it's just the facts, ma'am.
Now, get me away from the stress of cooking a complicated, three-day recipe, or the frenetic pace of a quick weeknight meal, and I thoroughly enjoy being seduced by a recipe, my senses being tickled by letters that become words that become sentences that become, in the end, joy. But like most of my best reading, it's done prone—in bed, on the couch, on the floor, in a chaise on the patio. Definitely not while standing facing the stove.
Tell us: What kind of recipe do you like?
Let us know in the comments, what your favorite kinds of recipes are!


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Simple doggy bone biscuits
Heres a few new simple recipes I tried with success for my puppies.
Using a small bone shaped cookie cutter
Vegetable bone
1/2 can Vegetable Soup (Campbell's)
1/4 tsp Garlic powder
1 egg
Flour enough to roll out
In a bowl add Vegetable Soup, (Mix well with hand blender)
Add Garlic powder, egg & blend together.
Add Whole wheat flour to make a nice stiff dough,
Roll out & cut in bone shapes.
Bake 350 for 15 mins,
Remove from oven and let cool.
Makes 26 small bones.
Using warmed bacon drippings/fat coat each piece, Let harden
Pea bone
1/2 can Sweet peas
1 tsp cornmeal
2 tbsps corn oil
1 egg
whole wheat flour
In a bowl add peas & run thru hand blender
Add remaining ingredients, mixing well.
Add flour, roll out, Cut, Bake 350 for 20 mins
Makes 26 small bones.
Using 1 egg, 1/4 tsp honey, 1 tbsp milk, stir,
Roll bones in mixture and return to over 5 more mins.
Chicken soup bone
1/2 can Chicken Soup (Campbell's)
1/2 slice homemade white bread (pre soaked in warm water)
Whole wheat Flour enough to roll out
In a bowl add Chicken Soup, Soaked bread (Mix well with hand blender)
Add Whole wheat flour to make a nice soft dough,
Roll out & cut in bone shapes.
Bake 350 for 20 mins,
Remove from oven and let cool.
Makes 20 small bones.
Using Chicken bouillon, Coat each piece
Return to oven 5 mins
Also Good for older dogs and dogs with no teeth,
Keep then sealed tightly in fridge to preserve softness.
If a harder biscuit is desired just bake longer
Last edited by Chicklet; October 21st, 2007 at 04:01 PM.
Wow those sound GREAT and I congratulate you for your patience in using a bone cookie-cutter ! I think I've done that once . The only caution I would throw would be around the amount of sodium that is usually found in tinned soups, bouillion and powdered garlic. If you can substitute homemade or low sodium varieties and minced garlic cloves, so much the better. Great pix ~ they look positively YUMMY!!
One thing I'm too aware of is the Sodium content in everything I cook, bake Or buy,
My husband was in the hospital with total liver failure and not expected to live,
He is on a very restricted sodium and protein diet,
Its not the Powdered Garlic that has sodium, it's the Garlic salt you gotta watch.
(Garlic salt, 1 teaspoon= 1480mg ~ Garlic powder, 1 teaspoon=1mg )
For Chicken bouillon I save all my liquid run of after boiling a chicken, it was just easier to type it that way.,
(You can also buy Bouillon with low sodium, unsalted 3mg vs salted of 960mg
I always did prepare my own homemade chicken soup,
Put up over 600 masons jars of goods each fall. Two freezers full, but when I married my hubby (6 yrs ago) he was a fast foods man and loved his sodium content,
I use to warn him till he'd get really annoyed with me,
Our bodies need less than 500 mg per day of sodium,
Yet every site has its versions, anywhere from 1200 to 2400,
That steams mostly from the facts that they think no ones capable of maintaining a good diet and have less,
Most cases of sodium restriction they add diuretics to aid in elimination,
My husbands diet is well balanced and he only gets approx 600mg per day. Doctors didn't believe me till his sodium count started dropping drastically, Then they listened and took him off the diuretics, (why take drugs when you can eliminate them)
Anyways Since his brush with death, Its all back to my way of thinkin, Got my deep freezers full. about 400 mason jars full,
Pretty much only thing I gotta go to grocer for is flour, sugar and stuff, and that all comes from the organic store,
I buy in bulk,
I have numeral cases of store bought soups still that i haven't given away yet, Gotta use em up some how.
Because of all this my kids are very conscious of whats in the foods they eat too.
For those perhaps unaware,
one teaspoon of salt equals about 2300mg sodium
I've run into more pet recipes then I care to remember that includes anywhere from 1/2 tsp to 4 tsp of Salt,
Totally unnecessary and far more sodium then most canned goods contain. (something to think about)
Next time you bake something, take another look at that salt your about to add.
Do you really need to add it, NOPE you don't.
You'll be amazed at everything you can exclude it from totally and still have it taste delicious.
Includes baked goods too, breads, pies, muffins, cookies, etc.
I bake for a slue of people and none could tell the difference with or without salt added.
Last edited by Chicklet; October 25th, 2007 at 09:32 PM.
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The perfect gift set for baby showers, registries or welcoming your own little one into the world.
Top Knot Hat: Whether you're bringing your newborn babe home from the hospital for the first time or just enjoying snuggles at home, this hat is sure to keep your little one cozy and comfortable. The silky, lightweight knit fabric is ideal for baby's delicate skin and the top knot is adjustable to get the perfect fit on their little noggin. Size: 0-3 Month
Color: Cream + Gray
Swaddle Blanket: Frolic & Fawn swaddle blankets are the perfect mix of premium fabrics to achieve ideal softness and stretch. They are everything you are looking for in a swaddle; light-weight, breathable, silky soft, and the just the right amount of stretch. We have created your and your little one's new favorite swaddle- designed large enough to grow with them through the toddler years. Size: 46" x 46 " with rounded corners
Color: Cream
Material: Rayon/Spandex Blend
Care: Machine wash cold and tumble dry on delicate cycle
We look forward to seeing your sweet babe wearing #frolicandfawn.


text:
Quote:What I remember about early sparring experiences seem to be somewhat universal (at least from what I hear) here my area, anyway. And that was, a tremendous emphasis on kicking with an equally tremendous neglect for punching.Everyone stayed well out in long range and traded kicks, which is so far removed from reality it's almost shameful.But that was commonplace in those days, in American martial arts. Judging by what I see in many places local to me...it's changed very little.
Offering stun guns, pepper spray,
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Online distributor of self defense supplies like videos,
stun guns, Tasers and more.
Surveillance, Hidden Cameras, Nanny Cams, Digital Recorders, Spy Equipment,
Pocket DVR's and more
Stun Gun
Wholesale Directlhy to the Public! Stun gun and Taser Guns and personal protection products. Keep your loved ones at home safe!


text:
Wireless transmitter/receiver
The WRT Series Wireless Data Transmitter/Receiver works with any RS485 network protocol and allows wired and wireless equipment mixes to avoid radio signal obstacles
The WRT Series Wireless Data Transmitter/Receiver provides a self-managed mesh network that works with any RS485 network protocol. The system allows for wired and wireless equipment mixes to avoid radio signal obstacles. It is also simple to configure for existing network packet parameters, provides LED indication of network status and is completely transparent to present equipment. It has wireless data transmission of up to 100 meters between receivers, and data transmissions up to 800-meter transmissions are possible with multiple hops. The WRT series offers automatic route detection, self-forming and self-healing networking, and supports 100 nodes per network maximum through 15 channels.
NK Technologies


text:
Sell Entire Stock Original Renault Items
Sell-out Inventory of Renault Original,
new and perfect packed items.Meccanical-Body-Elettrical Parts, from RE/4-5-6-9-11-CLIO-LAGUNA-ESPACE etc, etc right from
3 year old Renault Organization.
Total Gros.List Price is 155.000, 00
Make an Offer.At the Best offer we will
sell right away.
Stock is in Italy.
Part NumbersShow Details | Hide Details
1470 line items - Click on icon for more information
|©Copyright 1998-2020
All World, LLC
|Terms Of Service | Privacy Policy
|NOTICE: All World, LLC is a venue for companies wishing to buy or sell their surplus auto parts inventories. Names, brands and products named on these pages have registered trademarks belonging to their respective owners. Representation of inventories on these pages is the responsibility of the listing companies.


text:
They really do. Samantha, you understood our cranky little souls. You got us. Even though we had bad attitudes and had equally bad hair, you sang the music of our hearts.
We were just waiting for the perfect boyfriend to suddenly appear in a dark alley and suggestively dance with us, making us feel like our pink feathered bangs were super fresh. Each time Samantha would run her fingers through her hair, that amazing cropped shirt would lift and scandalously expose her belly button. Every girl of the 80's wished for that music video to be her real life. And as she twirled around, flaunting her bedazzled leather jacket, we caught a glimpse of her painfully tight pants and we couldn't wait to pour ourselves into a pair of button-fly Levis and haul them up to our ribs too, creating the mother of all butt wedgies. And despite the tight pants squeezing every ounce of air out of our lungs, it was worth having the look. We knew our mothers didn't approve but they could just take a chill pill because Samantha Fox was hot and we wanted to be her.
We wanted to be her, emulate her and be loved like her because she was at the top; she was one of our many It Girls. That's how It Girls made the rest of us girls feel.
Tiffany had the wispy, flawlessly wind-swept hair and creamy skin. She had the voice of an angel with a stuffed up nose and we liked it. We wanted to run to the mall, tumble to the ground and be alone now with the boy of our dreams. (Although we didn't actually have a mall in Presque Isle at the height of Tiffany, I imagined myself running through Ames department store, towards the throngs of my adoring fans anyway.) And Debbie Gibson's neon colored vests and blazers electrified my youth about as much as my overuse of her perfume burned the insides of my poor father's nose. Rummaging through his collection of collared button ups, trying to make just the right statement of over-sized shirt meets "you can't tell me what to do" and sobbing into the mirror knowing I could never love again, now that we're apart. I look back now and realize it's probably all for the best that I was usually crying over an imaginary boyfriend.
Those It Girls had so much influence over my formative years leading up to puberty, those delicate years where one is trapped between the carefree, often unaware outlook of a child and the scrupulously observant and keenly curious mind of a teenager. I believe we call these kids tweens now? There was something about the It Girls I wanted and there was something about them I needed in order to make it, to be accepted and valued in the eyes of my peers. And although I realize times have changed, stirrup pants really held an outfit together and if we could all just open our minds, we could bring these misunderstood fashion pieces back to life. I will be waiting with my hairbrush microphone for that special day.
I found my tween years to be the trickiest because although I still had enough child left inside me to play without worry, I was so often interested about what was on the other side. What could it possibly feel like to be so grown up, so beautifully picture-perfect and mature? I remember one day in particular when my awesomely crimped mullet got ruined from the sap of my favorite climbing tree. And as I hung there on a branch, upside down, I felt torn between keeping the fabulous hair I'd spent hours on and reaching the tree top, where my best friend Afton was waiting for me, with big plans to spend the afternoon hocking loogies at our little sisters below.
It's a tough place to be in, those tween years, and you can never have too many role models to guide you towards becoming a teenager who makes more good decisions than bad.
I wanted to dance with Patrick Swayze, his fiery eyes looking straight through me as he lifted me up and I flew through the crowd, the soundtrack to Dirty Dancing playing over and over in my head. I wanted to be Molly Ringwald, yelling at all the adults in my life to leave me alone as I stormed out of the house in my fabulous pink blouse and Breakfast Club boots, running off into the distance where Corey Haim would be waiting to swoop me into his arms and totally make out with me.
I most definitely had some celebrity role models who sent me well on my way towards becoming an enthusiastically involved teenager, wild to experiment with some things my mother would have disapproved of, but still surrounded with enough simplicity of the late 80's and early 90's that I didn't see or do some things.
I didn't see some things like, twerking, for example.
Or Miley Cyrus twerking on stage for an audience of millions, for another example.
Or, Miley Cyrus twerking while showing you her…never mind. If you have the internet, you've seen it. And if you have a daughter anywhere between the ages of zero and 30, I bet you'd like to put Hannah Montana into a box and catapult her off this planet for not only nose-diving what could have been a performance of musical talent, but also for failing to reproduce even the slightest likeness to her Walt Disney manufactured image of positive role model. Shame on you Miley Cyrus.
Or wait, maybe it's shame on Billy Ray Cyrus for not jumping up on stage, dragging her off while yelling at her to go put on some pants and that she's also grounded from her iPhone.
Or maybe it's shame on parents for ever buying into the image presented to us in the first place.
Or maybe the line of standards we keep re-drawing is too blurred….
All I'm sure of is that I'm trying to guide an intelligent, beautiful young girl towards a life filled more good decisions than bad and Miley Cyrus scares the hell out of me.
I'm pretty sure Madonna's burning crosses and stigmata music videos scared the hell out of my mother too, come to think of it. I used to wonder why my Madonna tapes would often get replaced with Simon & Garfunkel until I realized she was just trying to keep me under a good influence, guided by a part of her own youth. Of course that never stopped me from listening to Madonna or ripping holes in my pretty lace tights, but even now, when I need to feel home and something familiar, The Concert in Central Park is what brings me there.
I can't ever undo or shield her from the influences of all the Miley Cyruses in the world, but that won't stop me from trying. I can however take heart in knowing my daughter has more Billy Joel on her iPod than Justin Bieber and the day I find stirrup pants in her closet is the day I rule the world.


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i finally worked out why art's name is art.
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|4-layers / 4-states cellular automaton for Ai
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Episcopalians in connection. . .
Welcome to the Diocese of Southern Ohio, where we believe Christ is calling us into meaningful connections with each other that transcend the boundaries of race, color, politics, economic status or sexual orientation. We believe it is by these connections that we are made whole.
"Doing church" during COVID19 – a resource guide
(updated daily)


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Hi Forum Members,
I am using windows 7 and xampp 1.8. I have two folders,
c:/xampp/mysql and c:/xampp/mysql_old,
both pointing to port 3306 and causing a conflict. The old folder is from an earlier installation and contains data bases I want to use. I have copied the datafiles from mysql_old/data to mysql/data.
Xampp control panel tells me there is a conflict.
I can see the conflict in Windows Firewall Advanced Security but I cannot find a way to remove the mysql_old from the port
If someone could explain how to point port 3306 to the correct path that would be great.
Thank you.
Davvid P


text:
Down To Six
Then there were six . . . . six more Florida Grapefruit League games.
Phillies travel to Port Charlotte on Wednesday to face the Rays. Bus leaves at 8:45 a.m. and traveling squad will dress and shower there. Rest of players in the big league camp will work out at Bright House and then have the rest of the day off.
Phillies are back in Clearwater on Thursday for the Twins. Next two games will be broadcast on MLB.com.
On Wednesday afternoon at Carpenter Field, the Phillies AAA and AA squads will play their counterparts from the Yankees. Games begin at 1 p.m.
ESPN will televise the Friday afternoon game (Braves split squad) from Bright House Field . . . MLB Network's 30 teams in 30 days feature will be with the Phillies on Thursday and Friday . . . Dom Giordano, 1210 AM The Big Talker, will broadcast live from the Tiki Bar from 9 a.m.-12 noon, both Thursday and Friday . . . Ruben will have his weekly conference call on Wednesday morning with his staff and the Phillies pro scouts that are following other clubs in spring training in Florida and Arizona. Player transactions will increase over the next 8-10 days . . . Another indication that spring training is nearing the end came in an e-mail from Frank Coppenbarger, the team travel and clubhouse equipment guru, "Just a reminder the equipment truck bound for Philadelphia will load and depart on Sunday morning, March 27."
Alumni Memories
With opening day fast approaching, Phillies Alumni were asked for their fondest memory of opening day in the minor leagues or majors.
Mickey Morandini, (2B,1990-97; 2000)
"Has to be seeing Mike Ryan catch a ball dropped from a helicopter. I know I couldn't have done that."


text:
…from the National Library of Medicine
HIV/AIDS Community Information Outreach Projects 2011
(RFQ No. NLM-0011-049-SES)
The National Library of Medicine (NLM) is pleased to announce the solicitation of quotations from organizations and libraries to design and conduct projects that will improve access to HIV/AIDS related health information for patients, the affected community, and their caregivers.
Projects must involve one or more of the following information access categories:
- Information retrieval;
- Skills development;
- State-of-the-art resources;
- Resource development; and/or
- Document Access.
Emphasis is placed upon the following types of organizations or arrangements for developing these programs:
- Community-based organizations (CBOs) or patient advocacy groups currently providing HIV/AIDS related serves to the affected community;
- Public libraries serving communities in the provision of HIV/AIDS-related information and resources;
- Health departments or other local, municipal, or state agencies working to improve public health;
- Faith-based organizations currently providing HIV/AIDS-related services; and/or
- Multi-type consortia of the above-listed organizations that may be in existence or formed specifically for this project.
Standard Awards are offered for up to $60,000; Express Awards are offered for up to $10,000.
Quotations are due to NLM on Tuesday, April 19, 2011.
The solicitation for the 2011 HIV/AIDS Community Information Outreach Projects is posted on the Federal Business Opportunities Web site (www.fbo.gov). Small Businesses can apply to a specific set-aside: (NLM-0011-0049-KDB).
Primary Point of Contact:
Keturah D. Busey, Business Opportunity Specialist
Phone: 301-496-6546
Fax: 301-402-8169
Secondary Point of Contact:
Robin D. Hope-Williams, Contracting Officer
Phone: 301-435-4379
Fax: 301-402-8169
Please Note: Refer to the Federal Business Opportunities (www.fbo.gov) Web site for notices, updates, and modifications to the HIV/AIDS Community Information Outreach Project 2011 RFQ.


text:
People sure do like to mess around with Disney characters. We've seen the princesses as Final Fantasy characters but, even after that, seeing all the old, bearded characters from classic Disney movies without their essential hair just confuses me.
This funny redesign, made by Annie Erskine, would probably have ruined the childhood of a lot a kids in an alternate universe.
Art of Annie Erskine [Tumblr]
To contact the author of this post, write to: email@example.com


text:
52 Killer Tricks for Your Kindle
The Kindle is good. The Kindle is great. We surrender our will, as of this date! Amazon's own ereader attracts its fair share of fans, but its potential stretches well beyond merely reading various ebook documents. In addition, numerous hacks and tricks exist to push the Kindle even further, either extending its life, saving money, or tacking on some brand new features. Enjoy a few random tips to pique ebook readers' interest, some of which require a bit of hardware and software literacy, some of which can be executed with only one neuron firing.
Make a cover out of old hardbacks:
Repurpose an old hardcover novel by using these instructions to whip up a sexy casing for the Kindle that blends classic reading styles with the hot new technological thing.
Custom screensavers:
Further customize that Kindle by hacking it and downloading pictures to serve as decorative screensavers, though do keep in mind the procedure differs from device to device.
Download from the public domain:
Save money on the classics (and maybe a few well-hidden gems!) by scouring Amazon for its myriad public domain options, which run the gamut of genres.
This hack does not work on the Kindle 1, but for later models it allows for a much wider range of fonts and alphabets.
Play Minesweeper:
Alt+Shift+M, when pressed simultaneously, launches a hidden Minesweeper game for long trips and commutes when reading just won't do at all.
Once inside Minesweeper, hit G and call up GoMoku, another game also known as Five in a Row.
Live tweet your latest read after downloading this app, which allows for updating the ubiquitous miniblogging site on yet another device.
Take screenshots:
Kindle Fire users can snap screenshots with a Java Development App and Android Software Development Kit download and a few little tweaks, all of it outlined in detail at the included walkthrough.
Get driving directions:
Follow these instructions for information about converting the Kindle into a veritable GPS using Google Maps and its text-based driving directions.
Not only will the humble ebook reader allow for driving directions, typing in the right sequence of questions "" as outlined in the link "" calls up data about the nearest restaurants and gas stations.
Read more than just books by downloading Instapaper and saving websites, blog posts, and other internet writings for offline viewing.
Kindle (free) Book Club:
OK, so this Facebook group is more tip than trick, but all Kindle owners should still join it and learn all about freebies available in the UK and US.
Remove the DRM:
This hack will definitely void that warranty, but for Kindle enthusiasts hoping to share content with other devices in their possession will want to read up on how to eliminate the DRM in their way.
DIY book light:
With a little bit of Velcro and a commercial book light, anyone hoping to engage in a little night reading on their Kindles can enjoy doing just that.
Calculator function:
Kindle DX devices perform some rudimentary mathematical (and even trigonomical!) functions whenever equations get typed in the search bar.
Calibre offers up a far more streamlined, organized strategy for maintaining an ebook library, making it an ideal upgrade from the Kindle's default.
Online guides:
Amazon keeps digital copies of the user's guides for all its Kindle devices right there on the site for referencing on the go.
Tell time:
For moments when you're just too lazy to check your watch or phone, press the Kindle into service by typing @time into the search bar or pressing Alt+T.
Activate text-to-speech:
These detailed instructions illustrate how to switch on the text-to-speech function and alter its settings to fit users' specific needs.
Wifi tether:
Kindle owners who don't mind violating the terms of service can use the 3G service on their devices to browse the internet on a companion gadget, as the included link outlines.
Take advantage of lends:
Amazon itself encourages users to connect with one another and trade their ebooks over Kindle "" and best of all, one doesn't even have to possess the device to enjoy this perk!
Check out ebooks from the library:
Many plugged-in public libraries these days also check out ebooks, which expire after a specified time frame rather than requiring a trip to check them back in before the due date.
Android apps:
Owners of both an Android and a Kindle ought to delight in knowing that a bit of hackery (a guide for which is included at the link) means enjoying apps designed for the former on the latter.
Refresh screen:
Alt+G refreshes and rids the screen of any ghosting effects, which sometimes occur on all Kindle devices.
Custom fonts:
Jailbroken Kindles offer up so many more font choices, but access to this customization feature requires a little bit of work, as these instructions detail.
DIY screen protector:
Keep that Kindle from sustaining too much screen damage with a quick and painless homemade protector, which costs roughly five cents to make.
Savvy consumers know it might prove more financially prudent to wait a bit for ebook prices to drop before buying. That's where this site comes in handy! Use it to track how much specific reads are going for these days, and sign up for notifications when the cost shifts around.
Clean with Windex:
Just make sure to spray cleaner on the paper towel first, not directly on the gadget, then gently wipe the screen down.
Learn about eye strain:
Do extensive research before purchasing any Kindle device to make sure eye strain won't settle in and waste your time and money. Slash Gear's Chris Davies warns against the Fire for people who read quite a lot, as it might cause serious vision issues, even after fiddling with the settings.
Know how to reduce the aforementioned eye strain:
If Thundercats are go for picking up an ebook reader, keep some of this article's tips in mind to make sure those eyes don't get all crossed and sore after a while.
Run newer firmware on older devices:
Amazon may pump out new ebook readers, but users hoping to save money can still enjoy the latest features on their obsolete gadgets thanks to the Kindle 3.X updater script.
It might, unfortunately, mean the loss of bookmarks, but better those than a pricy gadget. The instruction manual's outline for resetting almost always works; in the event it doesn't, give this technique a whirl.
Remove "special offers" ads:
Nobody digs ads except for the ones profiting off them, and Kindle owners wanting to rid their devices of them should click the link and find out how to do so.
Look at pretty pictures:
Jun Azua's quick guidelines illustrate how to switch on the Kindle's picture viewing mode, which exists but is switched off by default and getting there isn't exactly straightforward.
Switch off the 3G to save battery life:
A simple strategy that saves on future migraines: because the 3G connection requires so much juice, turning it off when it isn't even necessary increases the battery's longevity.
Challenge yourself to read a little bit every day with DailyLit's offerings via e-mail and RSS, which chop up a book into chunks for easier digestion.
Listen to music:
Because the Kindle plays MP3s, it makes perfect sense that users may download music rather than audiobooks. Unfortunately, it offers little control over what order the individual songs pop up in, but the trick still works in a pinch!
Hey! Free Android Tablet!:
CyanogenMod 7 transforms Kindle Fires into full-on Android Tablets, although it takes a little bit of time to get it there. Follow these detailed directions for warranty-breaking good times.
411 & 611:
When parked in settings, type in 411 for diagnostics and 611 for constantly updated radio diagnostics.
Lovers of oldschool text-based adventure games adore KIF, a program allowing them to play exactly that right on their Kindle devices.
Bluetooth capabilities:
With a little hacking and sawing using the directions here, that Kindle can work as a fine Bluetooth terminal for go-getters needing more support.
Try repairs at home:
Kindle Fires sport a very simple, streamlined design with fewer parts than one would imagine. More handy electronics types might want to follow this video for information about disassembling for DIY repairs.
Second monitor:
Take advantage of the ebook reader's screen as an additional monitor for a laptop or desktop setup using these step-by-step instructions.
Restore the justification toggle:
With a simple bit of coding, included in the link, Kindle fans wanting left justification as opposed to full receive their wish.
Use the Inkmesh search engine and check for free ebooks and price comparisons for a wide number of reading devices.
Nokey DeCal Skins:
Some Kindles lose the letters on their keyboards from regular wear and tear, and Amazon will bestow free decals to those complaining of the issue, or customers hoping to prevent the problem can pop onto the site and buy their own.
Replace the screen at home:
Save time and money by learning how to replace a cracked LCD at home, thanks to this simple how-to and a Phillip's head screwdriver.
Check email:
Kindle's browser capabilities exist as rudimentary at best, but Hotmail, Gmail, and Yahoo! Mail all work just fine, though users need to read up on the ideal viewing settings for each.
Transfer documents:
Determine your Kindle e-mail address first, then use it to send documents from other internet-enabled devices "" a perfect strategy for transferring ebooks from a laptop to a reader. Just know that Amazon charges for this service!
Watch movies:
Because the Kindle Fire plays MPEG-4 files, many savvy owners press it into service as a way to watch movies on the go! Find out how by clicking the link.
Kindle doesn't require a Kindle:
iPhone and Android users don't even have to buy a Kindle device to enjoy some of its features "" the app download is all they need. The screen might prove a little small for some readers, though.
Keep a book on hand:
Just in case, of course!


text:
300 gm sweet potato
100 gm glutinous rice flour(sifted)
3 tbsp sugar
1 /2 can of red bean paste
1 cup raw white sesame seeds
1-2 cup oil for frying
1:Peel and cut sweet potato into small cube or slices.Prepare water in skillet or steamer.Steam sweet potato over high heat for about 20 minutes or until it's cooked.
2:Mash sweet potato well while it's still warm or hot. Then mix with glutinous rice flour and sugar.Leave it to cool slightly,then knead into dough.Divide into 10-20 equal portions or your preferred size.
3:Use your palm to flatten the dough and scoop into a bowl shape,fill with 1 tbsp red bean paste.Wrap sweet potato dough into a ball shape.keep repeat the same procedure until all dough finish.(I used red bean paste in can,it's not really well dry.If you used red bean paste which have dry body,you can shape the red bean paste in ball first before wrap with sweet potato)
4:Sprinkle some water over sweet potato ball before coat with raw sesame seeds evenly.set aside.
5:Heat fryer or deep skillet with oil at low heat,deep fry sesame balls until golden brown,dish out to paper towel to drain the excess oil before serve warm with tea or coffee.(When deep frying make sure the oil is not too hot and stir constantly,if not the paste can burst open easily)


text:
HIMS, Inc. is a global manufacturer and distributer
that has provided braille, magnification and accessible healthcare devices since 1999.
At HIMS, Inc. innovation is driven by feedback from customers and employees…
Complete line of Braille products and multi-media players offers on-the-go Braille access to mobile devices, Braille productivity access to computers and tablets, and integrated Braille solutions for entertainment, study and work.
Low Vision products for the visually impaired include both desktop and portable video magnifiers.
Accessible Body Composition Analyzer provides in-depth data needed to improve diagnosis and treatment and Electric Suction-Toothbrush is designed for anyone experiencing difficulties in self-spitting or control of body movements while brushing teeth.
Sales, promotion, closeouts and clearance. All Prices, Promotions, and Warranties on this Website are Exclusively Valid in the United States and Canada Only.
4616 W Howard Lane, Suite 960
Austin, TX 78728,
United States
Sales and Customer Service: 888-520-4467
Technical Support: 512-837-2000
Fax (All Departments): 512-837-2011


text:
Members $199 - Nonmembers $239
by Stephen J. Gauthier
The GAAFR incorporates all of the guidance of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) through
GASB Statement No. 66. It offers all of the references necessary to ensure easy access to the underlying
authoritative standards. Features include: a practical "chapter in brief" summary for each chapter; a set of
exercises for each chapter (with an explanation of correct responses); a detailed index; and a comprehensive
There have been several developments affecting accounting,
auditing, and financial reporting for state and local governments since the release of the GAAFR in 2012.
First, the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) has released four new standards. Second, the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission has issued a significantly
expanded version of its classic Internal Control • Integrated Framework. The supplemental link contains
the new material to address those developments.


text:
1953 Dodge Powerwagon M37 - Modern Marvel
The Only Thing Drab Is The Paint
The difference between the average vehicle owner and the people who read 4WOR is that for most people a vehicle is just transportation from point A to point B. They pick it based on color, looks, and mileage. There is no passion in that. Joe McDonald built his '53 Dodge M37 over the past 18 years out of nostalgia for the Dodge Power Wagon he had used to explore the coast of Northern California when he was a kid. "We didn't have Nintendo back then," Joe explains, "or even a TV for that matter!"
While nostalgia is all well and good, Joe wasn't overly interested in messing with ignition points, a carburetor, manual steering, or drum brakes. He kept the vintage sheetmetal, blackout lights, and sparse interior of the M, but added modern conveniences like power steering, fuel injection, and an overdrive transmission. The result works so well that Joe uses the truck as his daily driver, snowplow, parts hauler, and trail rig. That sure sounds like passion to us.
Tech Specs
1953 Dodge M37 power Wagon
Engine: TBI 454ci Chevy V-8
Transmission: 4L80E four-speed auto
Transfer case: NP203 mated to NP205 with Offroad Design adapter
Front Axle: Dana 60 with 4.88 gears and ARB Air Locker
Rear Axle: Corporate 14-bolt with 4.88 gears, Detroit Locker, disc brakes
Springs & Such: Custom leaf springs from National Spring, Rancho RS9000 shocks
Tires & Wheels: 39x15x16.5LT TSLs on 16.5x9.75 Weld Super Single IIs
Other Stuff: Saginaw power steering, Hydroboost, Saginaw steering box, onboard air compressor, hot shower, 50-gallon fuel tank, PTO powered winch


text:
Difference between revisions of "Jazz"
(hardware details)
m (link to Linux_Interrupts)
|Line 12:
|Line 12:
RC4030 DMA controller.
RC4030 DMA controller.
RC4030 IRQ controller.
RC4030 IRQ controller.
RC4030 Timer.
RC4030 Timer.
Revision as of 13:59, 23 November 2004
Jazz was the codename under which this family of systems was originally developed by Microsoft before it was sold off to MIPS Computer Systems, Inc. MIPS, Toshiba, Acer and various customers and licenses have developed a variety of architecturally very similar systems.
Most of these systems were running the ARC firmware and Windows NT. Some systems made by MIPS were reconfigurable to big endian; in big endian mode a different set of firmware and some UNIX flavor such as RISC/OS in case of MIPS was being used.
All Jazz computers are sharing the same "core" architecture codenamed RC4030.
RC4030 DMA controller.
RC4030 IRQ controller. See Linux_Interrupts page.
RC4030 Timer.
Some Jazz models are using additional i8259 (PC-style IRQ) and i8257A (PC-style DMA) controllers to support ISA/EISA bus IRQ/DMA.
SCSI Options
ACER PICA-61,Olivetti M700-10, MIPS Magnum 4000 and MIPS Millenium are based on the NCR 53C90 also known as QLogic ESP216 or ASC, Advanced SCSI Controller.
Networking Options
ACER PICA-61,Olivetti M700-10, MIPS Magnum 4000 and MIPS Millenium are using a SONIC Ethernet chip.
Video Options
The original Microsoft/MIPS Magnum 4000 and Olivetti M700-10 use a simple framebuffers 1024x768 based on the Inmos G300 or G364(64-bit).
ACER PICA-61 is using S3 968 SVGA videocard with 2MB of video memory on the custom fast PICA bus. The video card looks like an EISA card but the notch is on the wrong side.
NEC Evolution is using Cirrus Logic based video.
Sound options
Microsoft/MIPS Magnum 4000 is using simply sound controller (codename Jazz) : 2xDMA for left and right channel.
Olivetti M700-10 is using AD1815-based sound controller (?need to check)
I/O options
All Jazz computers are using PC-style i8042 keyboard and PS/2 mouse controller, i8072 floppy controller (attached to the RC4030 DMA and IRQ), 2x16450 RS-232 serial ports and PC-style LPT.
All Jazz family systems come with an ARC firmware.
Linux Support
Linux/MIPS supports the Olivetti M700-10 almost since birth. Support is supposed to be stable in 2.2 and in various stages of bitrot after that. As of Linux 2.6 resurrection of support is being worked on. Not test results on other Jazz family systems are available.
External Links
- http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/arc NetBSD port to ARC machines
- http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html OpenBSD port to ARC machines
- mips64emul has suppor for Jazz architecture.


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"Potato chips are such a common struggle for so many young men these days. Naturally, I worry that this is something you have struggled with as a teenager or young adult. Will you please describe your experience with potato chips and how you've handled it?"
If there isn't a father in the home, then I still think it's a good idea for the mother to have this conversation with the boyfriend. As awkward as it may seem to bring up this topic, I believe it's even more awkward to deal with the potential aftermath if this issue surfaces later in marriage.
Please note that if you are personally struggling with an unresolved potato chips problem, it will make it difficult, if not impossible, to counsel a future son-in-law about your concerns. You will feel like a phony and will either avoid the conversation all together, or minimize the seriousness of it as a way to protect yourself from the reality of your own struggles. If you have struggled with potato chips and haven't fully repented and recovered from the impact on your life, make sure that you're actively working the same recovery process you would expect from this young man.
When considering how to begin this conversation, it's helpful to view this as something more than a "yes" or "no" question. I believe it's safe to assume that the young man has already been exposed to potato chips. One recent study showed that 86% of college-aged men had eaten potato chips in the past year. Forty-eight percent of those same men ate them weekly. Even though he may not be currently eating potato chips, it's likely he's been exposed to them somewhere in his past.
I also recognize that a young man could lie to his future father-in-law and deny that he's ever eaten potato chips. Obviously, there is no way to prevent someone from lying (unless, perhaps, you're Robert DeNiro and have access to a lie-detector in your basement a la "Meet the Parents").
In reality, it will simply require a good, honest conversation about his experiences with potato chips. What should you ask? What should you look for? Here are a few questions you can ask along with some warning signs that might indicate that the young man either has or will have a significant problem with potato chips in the future:
Discussion Points:
- Tell me about your experience with potato chips over your lifetime.
- Is there a history of potato chip eating in your immediate or extended family?
- How do you define potato chips?
- How have you healed from the impact of potato chips on your life?
- Who helped you overcome your problems with potato chips?
- How do you currently protect yourself from potato chips?
- Have you ever wanted to stop eating potato chips, but couldn't?
Red Flags:
- He admits that he used to eat potato chips, but says that he stopped doing it, but fails to explain how he was able to stop.
- He claims he overcame the problem on his own without any help from others.
- He's not said anything to his girlfriend/fiancé about his history or current problems with potato chips.
- He is vague about how he keeps himself from eating potato chips.
- He admits he used to have a problem with it, but doesn't define what exactly that problem was. He appears defensive and doesn't want to discuss it.
- He insists that he's never even eaten potato chips and appears "too perfect" in his responses. Recognize that even though he may not have eaten entire bags of potato chips in one sitting, we live in a culture saturated with potato chip advertisements. If he acts like he doesn't notice or isn't affected by those, you need to be concerned. Every man should acknowledge the occasional pull from foods that are designed to draw our attention and entice us.
In my experience, a man who has healed from a potato chip problem isn't afraid to talk honestly about it with those who need to know. He is remorseful about the impact on himself and others. He recognizes his need for ongoing healing and recovery. He understands that he's going to have this vulnerability for the rest of his life and he accepts the need to always be on guard with his thoughts and actions. Most importantly, he is fiercely protective of the feelings and emotions of his romantic partner and how this issue might concern her.
Remember your purpose in asking these questions. You're there to offer a layer of protection for your daughter and family. If there are any questions or concerns about the young man's involvement with potato chips, it's better to encourage these to be addressed now instead of later.
*Or you could ask him about pornography, which would make no more sense but would be way creepier.
kuri is not a licensed marriage and family counselor specializing in treating potato chip addiction who writes books about it, gives seminars about it, has a website focused on it, and otherwise makes a good living
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For the singular achievement of racking up 27 penalty minutes in one second of ice time, Canucks forward Tom Sestito was named Keith Olbermann's worst person in the sports world. He called Sestito, among other things, a "boxing hobo on skates." One person who took issue with that was Sestito's 13-year-old sister Victoria.
And later:
If you were to diagram the worst Twitter users, the confluence of pro athletes, TV personalities, and teenagers would be ground zero for awfulness (with Canucks fans not far off). So we're all a little dumber for having witnessed this.
Still, nothing will ever top Mike Florio bragging about pageviews to a mascot.


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Subtask B: Design Process Tools
Assessing Gaps and Needs for Integrating Building Performance Optimization Tools in Net Zero Energy Buildings Design
September 2013 - PDF 0.6MB
By: Shady Attiaab, Mohamed Hamdy, William O'Brien, Salvatore Carlucci
This paper summarizes a study undertaken to reveal potential challenges and opportunities for integrating optimisation tools in Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) Design. The paper reviews current trends in simulation-based Building Performance Optimisation (BPO) and outlines major criteria for optimisation tools selection and evaluation. This is based on analyzing user's needs for tools capabilities and requirement specifications. The review is carried out by means of a literature review of 165 publications and interviews with 28 optimisation experts. The findings are based on an inter-group comparison between experts. The aim is to assess the gaps and needs for integrating BPO tools in NZEB Design. The findings indicate a breakthrough in using evolutionary algorithms in solving highly constrained envelope, HVAC and renewable optimisation problems. Simple Genetic Algorithm solved many design and operation problems and allowed measuring the improvement in the optimality of a solution against a base case. Evolutionary Algorithms are also easily adapted to enable them to solve a particular optimization problem more effectively. However, existing limitations including model uncertainty, computation time, difficulty of use and steep learning curve. Some future directions anticipated or needed for improvement of current tools are presented.
A Control-Oriented Simplified Building Modelling Strategy
August 2013 - PDF 1.3MB
By: Jose A. Candanedo, Vahid R. Dehkordi and Phylroy Lopez
This paper discusses the development of control-oriented simplified modelling strategy (COSMOS) for model-base predictive control (MPC) in buildings. In MPC, a model of the system is used along with forecast information for optimal planning. A model that is as simple as possible --but accurate enough for the purpose at hand -- facilitates the implementation of a MPC strategy. This paper discusses desirable features of models intended for the specific needs of advanced control applications. A path for the creation of such models is presented, based on low-order resistance-capacitance (RC) thermal networks and their equivalent state-space formulation; such an approach provides physical insight while facilitating the treatment of the problem. The model parameters are found by applying an optimization to match the output of a building simulation model. Results include an assessment of the uncertainty of the model outputs.
An Optimization Procedure Based On Thermal Discomfort Minimization To Support The Design Of Comfortable Net Zero Energy Buildings
August 2013 - PDF 1.03MB
By: Salvatore Carlucci and Lorenzo Pagliano
The European standard EN 15251 specifies design criteria for dimensioning of building systems. In detail, it proposes that the adaptive comfort model is used, at first, for dimensioning passive means; but, if indoor operative temperature does not meet the chosen long-term adaptive comfort criterion in the "cooling season", the design would include a mechanical cooling system. In this case, the reference design criteria are provided accordingly the Fanger comfort model. However, there is a discontinuity by switching from the adaptive to the Fanger model, since the best building variant, according to the former, may not coincide with the optimal according to the latter.
Computational Optimisation For Zero Energy Buildings Design: Interviews Results With Twenty Eight International Experts
August 2013 - PDF 1.04MB
By: Shady Attia, Mohamed Hamdy, William O'Brien, Salvatore Carlucci
This paper summarizes a study that was undertaken to reveal potential challenges and opportunities for integrating optimisation tools in Net/Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) Design. The paper reviews current trends in simulation-based Building Performance Optimisation (BPO) and outlines major criteria for optimisation tools selection and evaluation. This is based on analyzing users' needs for tools capabilities and requirement specifications. The review is carried out by means of interviews with 28 optimisation experts. The findings are based on an inter-group comparison between experts. The aim is to assess the gaps and needs for integrating BPO tools in NZEB Design. The findings indicate existing limitations including model uncertainty, computation time, difficulty of implementation and steep learning curve. Future directions anticipated or needed for improvement of current tools are presented.
Design of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings Coupled With an Earth to Air Heat Exchanger in Mediterranean Climate: Development of an Analytic Model and Validation Against a Monitored Case Study
August 2013 - PDF 0.92MB
By: Lorenzo Pagliano, Paolo Zangheri
At the Passivhaus of Cherasco, located in Pianura Padana (Italy), an earth to air heat exchanger (EAHE) and natural night ventilation (in summer) are used to deliver comfort conditions with very low energy consumption. One year and a half of continuous measurements have been carried out in order to evaluate the energy and comfort performances of this building, which combines the Passivhaus concept with local architectural solutions. We present an analysis of the system constituted by building envelope and EAHE. Monitored data (with a particular focus on cooling potential) were evaluated with the use of established indicators and compared with simulations performed by coupling dynamic simulation software (EnergyPlus) and an analytic model for the EAHE. Based on this analysis a simplified steady-periodic model is developed to provide an estimate of the behaviour of the coupled system building envelope (including night ventilation) and EAHE from the point of view of energy and comfort, over a period of few weeks. The model is validated towards monitored data and shows a good agreement in terms of temperature profile, with a slight phase discrepancy, as expected based on the simplifying assumptions about thermal capacity effects.
Time-Lapse Photography and Image Recognition to Monitor Occupant-Controlled Shade Patterns: Analysis And Results
August 2013 - PDF 1.13MB
By: K. Kapsis, W. O'Brien, A.K. Athienitis
This paper presents a high-level overview of a methodology for analysing windows shade use is existing buildings. Time-lapse photography is paired with a robust image recognition algorithm to facilitate assessment of shade use and identify any possible trends. The methodology applied on a high-rise building consisting of multiple open plan offices. The analysis showed that the mean shade occlusion and the shade movement rate depend on facade orientation, with the near-south facade having the highest values and the near-north facade having the lowest ones. An average shade use rate of 0.5/day was observed, with the 72% of the shades never adjusted, throughout the period of observation.
Tool for Design Decision Making: Zero Energy Residential Buildings in Hot Humid Climate
August 2013 - PDF 1.2MB
By: Shady Attia, Elisabeth Gratia, Andre De Herde, Jan L. M., Hensen
Informed decision-making is the basis for the design of Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs). This paper investigates the use of building performance simulation tools as a method of informing the design decision of NZEBs. The aim of this study was to develop a design decision making tool, ZEBO, for zero energy residential buildings in hot climates and to evaluate the effect of a simulation-based decision aid, on informed decision-making using sensitivity analysis. An assessment of the role of the BPS tools used in informing the decision-making was ascertained through cases studies, usability testing and several self-reported metrics. The paper provides results that shed light on the effectiveness of sensitivity analysis as an approach for informing the design decisions of NZEBs.
Optimization of Net-Zero Energy Solar Communities: Effect of Uncertainty Due to Occupant Factors
August 2011 - PDF 0.38MB
By: Scott Bucking, Andreas Athienitis, Radu Zmeureanu
This paper applies an energy optimization methodology to evaluate the impact of occupant factors on the net-energy consumption or generation of a community of net-zero energy or near net-zero energy homes located in Montreal, Quebec. The building simulation software EnergyPlus was used for energy simulations and Canadian national statistics were used to model occupant behaviour. Results showed that diversifying building designs can decrease the impact of variability of occupant behaviour and reduce peak loads.
Strategies for Reducing Peak Demand in Net-Zero Energy Solar Homes
August 2011 - PDF 0.62MB
By: José A. Candanedo and Andreas K. Athienitis
This paper investigates strategies to reduce peak loads in net-zero energy solar homes through the coordination of different design and operation strategies. The concept of net-zero energy homes, roughly defined as grid-tied houses that supply their energy needs with renewable energy sources over a period of interest, has gained in popularity in recent year. In spite of the clear advantages of this design approach, it is necessary to address the issue of peak loads and their impact on utility grids. Even if the net-zero energy goal is achieved during the period of assessment (e.g., one year), significant imbalances may be observed at smaller time scales. For instance, in northern latitudes, the generation of PV panels typically exceeds the energy use of the house during the summer months, while in winter the energy use of the house is larger than the generation of the PV system. Fluctuations of the ratio generation/use are also registered during the daily cycle. If a net zero energy house draws energy from the utility grid during peak periods, its impact on the grid will be similar to that of a conventional home, with the subsequent need for increased generation and transmission capacity.
Energy Performance, Comfort and Lessons Learned From a Near Net-Zero Energy Solar House
June 2011 - PDF 1.63MB
By: Matt Doiron, P.Eng., William O'Brien, Andreas Athienitis, Ph.D., P.Eng.
This paper examines the performance of a Canadian near net-zero energy solar house known as ÉcoTerra located near Montreal. The total energy consumption and energy end-use breakdown are presented and several findings from the energy analysis are discussed such as the importance of occupant behavior, occupant comfort and the improvements that could lead to achieving full net-zero energy performance . It was demonstrated that large reductions in energy consumption can be achieved with little effect on comfort. Occupants affect the loads significantly and need to be educated and given specific feedback about their energy use patterns in order to help them adjust their behavior for energy efficiency. Although already far below the typical home in energy consumption (about 90%), this paper shows how ÉcoTerra could consume even less energy and how similar houses could be designed or upgraded to achieve net zero energy.
Applying A Design Methodology for a Net Zero Energy House to Evaluate Design Processes and Tools
Eurosun 2010 Paper
March 2010 - PDF 0.05MB
By: W. O'Brien, et. al.
EcoTerra is a house near Montreal that combines passive solar features (large windows and integrated thermal mass) and active solar features (a BIPV/T roof and thermal storage system) to achieve near net-zero energy (NZE) [1]. This paper presents and applies a methodology for redesigning the house to achieve net-zero energy. The objectives are: 1) to demonstrate the use of tools of varying degrees of model resolution and 2) address any weaknesses and new useful features in existing tools.
Design Optimisation Methodologies for a Near Net Zero Energy Demonstration Home
Eurosun 2010 Paper
March 2010 - PDF 0.21MB
By: S. Bucking et. al.
This paper applies an energy optimization methodology to identify improvements to an existing near net-zero energy house located south of Montreal, Canada. As many of the design performance parameters are strongly coupled, a hybrid evolutionary algorithm was used to ensure full solution space exploration, and harmonized parameter variation. This paper presents a set of 'lessons learned' to be applied to the design of future net-zero energy homes.
Design, Optimization, and Modeling Issues of Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings
Eurosun 2010 Paper
March 2010 - PDF 0.21MB
By: R. Klein et. al.
The design of net-zero energy solar buildings (NZESBs) presents a challenge because there is no established design strategy to systematically reach this goal and many of the available tools have limited applicability for such advanced buildings. This paper reviews current design practice and tools for designing NZESBs through a literature review and a survey. It also summarizes the results of some redesign and optimization case studies of existing NZESBs that Subtask B of the IEA SHC Task 40/ECBCS Annex 52 is performing. The outcome of this study identifies effective strategies for the use of design and optimization tools in establishing near optimal NZESB designs.
Solar 2002: A Belgian Pilot Project for Zero Energy Buildings
Eurosun 2010 Paper
March 2010 - PDF 0.37MB
This paper describes the "Solar 2002" building in Berlaar (Belgium) that was constructed by the Flemish non-profit organization Mondo vzw. The aim of this retrofit of an existing single family dwelling was the creation of an example project, demonstrating the potential of solar energy for the energy needs of buildings in a temperate, rather cloudy climate. This has led to a "Net-Zero Energy" building, that finally supplies more energy to the grid, then it consumes on an annual basis. This paper focuses on the energy-aspect for the building in use. Technical details of the building and the employed renewable energy technologies are given.


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Hi, I'm Jo!
I'm a self-taught, home cook who loves pretty much all things food. I am obsessed with creating, photographing, and sharing beautiful and accessible recipes with YOU. Thanks for stopping by!
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Sep 02, 2014 | ISBN 9780385349161
"Donald's contribution to the history of the Packers has been extraordinary, exceeded only by his personal story." -Bart Starr, Green Bay Packers quarterback, 1956-1971, and head coach, 1975-1983
"A great teammate…That he could go from a seventh-round draft choice to the Packers' all-time leading receiver is a real tribute to him." – Brett Favre, Packers quarterback, 1992-2007
" Where he made that mark was in between the numbers; his toughness, his ability to run after the catch and his willingness to always put the team first. When I looked and saw him wearing the No. 80, it made me proud" -James Lofton, Packers Wide Receiver, 1978-1986
"Donald is so humble, so supportive, so caring and that's right in line with the way I feel we all should be." –Gladys Knight, 7 Time Grammy Award Winner
"Donald is truly 1 in a million. The Packers better retire that #80 jersey!" –Peta Murgatroyd, Dancing with the Stars Champion


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English Tutor Corona California
Certified English Tutor Corona California. Find Affordable Tutoring for elementary school, middle school, high school and college.
These days, creating exciting video games is a snap with Box2D. This state of superposition is also reflected in Eliot's repetition of the word "time" in the fourth stanza, particularly in the stanza's last four lines, where Prufrock relates there will be "Time for you and time for me / And time yet for a hundred indecisions / And for a hundred visions and revisions / Before the taking of a toast and tea" (Lines 31-34). Salient Features of First Law: This law qualitatively defines the force. First, you have to pull the string horizontally at an angle, and then later on you pull the string upwards. But even metaphysics will not accept the totality of God or the deviance from the theory of evolution. Our Universe is likely one of billions, all carrying the seeds of life in the form of Wavelengths from one Universe to another. Ask your children to see both from above and the side of the glass. The purpose of the educationist and the developer of the software are basically meant to develop the interest in Physics for the students and make the fascinating interest on the subject. The destructo truck is the best physics example of the physics games. And it must be repeated; with a name like Wally Wallington? Mather (United States) George F. Hall, Theodor W. Here are some of the important and frequently needed optics formulas. Those who consider perpetual motion a possibility argue that planets orbiting in space are really large scale perpetual motion machines. He was an outstanding scientist whose work ranged over almost all the fields of physics. The game is played with two opposing teams of five players each. It's one of those courses that both college students and high school students alike may have to endure throughout at least one of their semesters of academic studies. You may think of an organism is a "system," but if it is only the physical system, it is not alive itself. 1993 Russell Alan Hulse (United States) Joseph H. Kendall (United States) Jerome I. Students learn the cause behind everything and develop a rational outlook towards life. Those thoughts have crossed my mind since childhood. That is the province of cosmology as a branch of philosophy. Uncertainty relation holds between any two non-commuting variables. The Physics of Christianity is occasionally wide ranging. That means your ability to decide. Crayon Physics Deluxe harkens back to those youthful days, with a simple but fun puzzle game. Miller goes on to make a similar argument about Prufrock's relationship to time, which makes sense in that modern physics recognizes space and time to be integral parts of the fabric of the universe, but what is important to recognize in Miller's statement is the idea that Prufrock's conception of space and time – his own continuum, if you will – is a subjective one.
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Sequel will be released in December 2019!!!
With his child's life hanging in the balance, scientist WESTON ANDERSON races to contain the spread of a deadly flu virus accidentally unleashed on the American public. However, his efforts to contain this vicious killer are thwarted by a major U.S. drug company and government operatives hoping to use it as a tool for biological warfare.
But before he can save the world, he must first save his daughter, Reilly.
Exposed to the virus and now in the hands of kidnappers trying to create a cover-up, Reilly's life slips further out of Weston's hands with every passing moment. Can Weston save the world
and his daughter? Or must he make the ultimate sacrifice?