text:
Return to Transcripts main page
Encore Presentation: The Two Marys
Aired December 25, 2008 - 16:00 ET
(NEWSBREAK) ANNOUNCER: One is revered as the mother of Jesus, the other as the prostitute Jesus saves. They are the Virgin Mary and Mary Magdalene, the founding mothers of Christianity. LESLEY HAZELTON, AUTHOR: Christianity began the moment Mary gave birth. ANNOUNCER: But now, new evidence paints a different picture of who they really were. SISTER ELIZABETH JOHNSON, PROFESSOR: Catholics have shifted what they're teaching about Mary. Protestants are now taking another look. KAREN L. KING, PROFESSOR: It's going to ask people, I think, to rethink some really fundamental things about Christian theology, life and practice. ANNOUNCER: At stake is the future of the Church. MARVIN MEYER, PROFESSOR: These issues must be addressed. And they will have to be addressed, if the Church is going to survive. (BEGIN VIDEO TAPE) SIGOURNEY WEAVER, NARRATOR, "THE TWO MARYS": They are two of the most popular women on the planet. Billions pray to them, great temples honor them. And both are bona fide media stars in blockbuster movies and in best-selling books. And this, despite the fact that they have both been dead for nearly 2,000 years. One is venerated as the mother of Jesus. The good Virgin Mary, who said "yes" to God's request, and who reigns from heaven, crowned with stars. HAZELTON: In a sense, you could say that Christianity began the moment Mary gave birth. In fact, you could say that our whole modern world begins the moment Mary gave birth. The way we date our checks. It's the way we date - we make dates. It's the way we count our age, count our anniversaries, and so on, from the moment Mary gave birth. WEAVER: The other Mary, called Magdalene, is the bad girl, who is seized by demons. In ancient times, scholars say, her flaming red hair was a sign that she was touched by Satan. Until she found Jesus. And her conversion at his hands made her Christianity's original hooker with a heart of gold. KING: I think I learned what most people did, which is that Mary Magdalene was a repentant prostitute. She was a follower of Jesus, but she was the woman caught in adultery. She appeared, you know, at the resurrection. But the prominent imagery of her was the repentant bad girl. WEAVER: Scholars have called these two Marys the two faces of Eve - one, the first perfect woman, the other, the first fallen woman. When Eve ate the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden, Christian doctrine says she stained humanity with Original Sin. And women have been struggling ever since to overcome that burden. HAZELTON: I think there was a very strong-felt need on the part of the church fathers to put women in their place. So, by dividing women into madonnas and whores, they could either be all good or all evil. WEAVER: These two women wouldn't matter at all, were it not for their relationship to Jesus. One, as the mother of the Son of God, and the other, some scholars say, as the Messiah's favorite apostle. Today, the Marys are taking on new identities. While traditional devotion to the Virgin Mary is experiencing a rebound, there is also a new focus on Mary of Nazareth, as a kind of first century feminist, not the icon so familiar to generations. JOHNSON: That icon highlights a spiritual angle of a person. But know that that icon is rooted in a history. And it's the history of a poor woman in a violent situation who suffered violence. And if you realize that, even the most spiritualized icon is going to make you turn toward poor women in violent situations who are oppressed, even today. WEAVER: At the same time, Mary Magdalene has become a media star. The linchpin character of a mega-selling novel that says, she wasn't just Jesus' apostle, but his wife, and the mother of his children. AMY-JILL LEVINE, PROFESSOR, VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY DIVINITY SCHOOL: "The Da Vinci Code" is appropriately shelved in books labeled fiction. REV. GERALD O'COLLINS, S.J., PROFESSOR, PONTIFICAL GREGORIAN UNIVERSITY, ROME: Have I read it? I would give it prize one for historical misinformation. WEAVER: Those reviews haven't stopped new Magdalene fans from thronging to places like London's Temple Church. According to the novel, this was home base to the Knights Templar, who fought crusades to keep the truth about Mary Magdalene's marriage to Jesus a secret for centuries. REV. ROBIN GRIFFITHS-JONES, MASTER OF THE TEMPLE CHURCH, LONDON: We must now have 50 visitors or more every day, coming into the church and asking the verger on their entry, "Have you read 'the book'?" The verger still naively assumes they mean the Bible. But, of course, they mean the other Bible, "The Da Vinci Code." WEAVER: This change in perception among both scholars and the public, that Mary Magdalene was a leader - and not a sinner - is nothing short of seismic, especially for Christian women, who fill the pews, but not the pulpits, and who now want their due. KING: Some people are very threatened by this, precisely because it may be that the results of this work are going to show that women were leaders in the early Church. It's going to ask people, I think, to rethink some really fundamental things about Christian theology, life and practice. And that can certainly be threatening. MEYER: One cannot alienate half of the human race and get away with it. That's not what spirituality is all about. These issues must be addressed. And they will have to be addressed, if the Church is going to survive. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Hail, Mary, full of grace. The Lord is with thee ... WEAVER: It could be the most popular Christian prayer on the planet. Every hour, millions of people the world over pray to her, echoing the angel Gabriel's astonishing announcement. She was to be the mother of God's son. UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Hail, Mary, full of grace. WEAVER: "Hail, Mary, full of grace," said Gabriel. "The Lord is with thee." With that endorsement, the Virgin Mary, an icon in blue, was soon elevated by the early church fathers to a lofty throne as the Queen of Heaven. And she hasn't stepped down since. HAZELTON: They couldn't deal with the real Mary. She was just too strong, too intelligent, too capable. They had to sort of pare her down, make her two-dimensional, just this icon. They had to make her virgin, and only virgin. WEAVER: And the icon, as centuries of artists have shown us, is blonde and blue-eyed. But the reality may come as something of a shock. BEN WITHERINGTON, III, PROFESSOR, ASBURY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, WILMORE, KENTUCKY: I would assume that she looked like other Middle Eastern women, which would have been dark haired and dark skinned. And she probably would have been about the same height as women of her time. And what we know about that is, that's probably five feet - 5'1", 5'2" - somewhere in there. WEAVER: And scholars say her name wasn't Mary, but Mariam, in the Aramaic language she spoke in a small town called Nazareth. It was a rural existence, governed by the rituals of Jewish life, and by Roman soldiers in the nearby city of Sepphoris, a frequent target of Jewish rebels. According to journalist Lesley Hazelton, author of "Mary: A Flesh and Blood Biography of the Virgin Mother," Mary was not just an observer, but directly involved in the politics of her time. HAZELTON: There's no doubt in my mind that she - because she knew the ins and outs and all the side roads of the hills, where the caves were, where you could hide, where you could safely go and nobody could track you, even at night without a moon, especially on moonless nights - she would have been used to, and she would have wanted to, guide rebels who were fleeing from the military to safety. Rather like a kind of underground railroad. WEAVER: The Virgin Mary as the Princess Leia of her day, defending the rebels against the evil empire? Perhaps. Until the 13-year-old Mary, who was not yet married to Joseph, got some news from an angel that she was pregnant. And the father was God. WITHERINGTON: Imagine a Jewish girl in this era going to their mother and father and saying, well, I've got good news and I've got bad news. I'm going to be the mother of the Messiah. And, no, my fiance is not the father. I mean, this doesn't work in that sort of setting, you know. It's a scandalous story. WEAVER: Yet Mary may also have had some powerful supporters. LEVINE: It might have been the case, as it is in many rural cultures even today, that a pregnant girl was not anomalous, and that the rest of the village - particularly the women in the village - would have helped Mary through her pregnancy and supported her. She was very much at risk in that pregnancy until Joseph decided to throw the mantle, you might say, of his patriarchal protection over her and take the child as his own. And that gave a stable family life, then, for Jesus. WEAVER: The story of that birth is found only in two gospels, Luke and Matthew. And while they don't agree on all the details, they do agree that this event was miraculous - a child born to a virgin. KING: This is a tradition in antiquity, in general. If you're important, you had a special birth. WEAVER: For centuries, she has been portrayed as a sinner, a prostitute whom Jesus saves. In films such as "Jesus Christ Superstar." UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I never thought I'd come to this, ... WEAVER: And "The Last Temptation of Christ." UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Is it so bad showing a prostitute's room? WEAVER: That tradition continues. And yet, Mary Magdalene is also adored by millions, who see in her humanity what Jesus saw. A humanity that makes her a powerful witness to his life and his resurrection. It's no surprise, then, that today she is the subject of not only a blockbuster novel that turns her into the wife of Jesus, but also of a surge of scholarship that recasts her role in an entirely new and different way. JOHNSON: Neither a whore nor a wife, but a witness. Someone who preached to the apostles. Someone who was a woman, was a leader in the community. WEAVER: But that's not how Mary Magdalene started out. In the Gospels, Jesus cures her of possession by seven demons. WITHERINGTON: And, of course, the number seven has a symbolic sort of resonance in early Judaism. It means a complete set. So, it means she was as bad off as she possibly could be. She was as possessed as one could imagine a person to be possessed. She had a full set of demons. WEAVER: This introduction of a demonic Mary Magdalene has also overshadowed what is later mentioned in the Gospel of Luke, that she was a woman of resources, very likely helping to bankroll the ministry of this itinerant rabbi. JOHNSON: Jesus is supported by women. Women pay his bills. Mary Magdalene supports him in terms of deep and abiding friendship and fidelity. WEAVER: The source of her income was probably the fishing business, which in first century Galilee, historians tell us, was profitable and tough, just as it is today. WITHERINGTON: If she grew up in a fishing village, I'm putting my money on the fact that somehow, some way, she was involved in that trade, or helping somebody in that trade. And so, I would say that she was a working girl. WEAVER: While the Virgin Mary's home town of Nazareth has become a shrine to her memory, Mary Magdalene's home is a neglected ruin. HAZELTON: There's not much of Magdala left. In fact, there's hardly anything left. There are the ruins of a sixth century Byzantine monastery built there six centuries after Mary Magdalene's time. And they're very beautiful ruins. They're closed to the public. WEAVER: The Magdalene's reputation is all the more surprising, given what the gospels tell us about who she really was. MEYER: She was a beloved disciple. She might have been the beloved disciple. And she was very close to Jesus - a soul mate of Jesus. WITHERINGTON: You can see the way the "Galilean Gazette" would have read. Radical rabbi and disciples - including women - traveling throughout Galilee teaching. Oy! You know, this would not have gone down well at all in a conservative, patriarchal culture. WEAVER: Other scholars say that the Magdalene's high profile role would not have been surprising. LEVINE: The gospels demonstrate that women could appear in public and speak out in public, that women could travel on pilgrimage, for example, from the Galilee down to Jerusalem. That women owned their own homes, that women had use of their own funds, that women could function without husbands. And it wasn't as if that was scandalous. WEAVER: And yet, the gospels tell us that she was unusual, following him all the way to Jerusalem and staying to bear witness to his death. MEYER: One of the intriguing things about the gospel accounts, the New Testament, is the fact that at the time of the crucifixion, the guys all run away. And that becomes a very interesting matter. It seems to indicate that, in fact, in terms of the rising of faith and the continuation of the movement, women played a primary role, and in particular, Mary Magdalene. WEAVER: In the Gospel of John, Mary Magdalene is the first person to whom Jesus appears after he rises from the dead. WITHERINGTON: So there's this poignant moment of epiphany, this moment of recognition. She - he says, "Mariam," and she says, "Rabuni." And she grabs him. And he says, don't cling to me. Don't cling to the Jesus of the past. We need to go forward into a new, brighter future, for you and for the male disciples. WEAVER: And then, she disappears from the scene, only to reappear centuries later as a prostitute, the woman with the alabaster jar filled with precious ointment for washing Jesus' feet. How did this happen? MEYER: There is a story about a woman who is a member of the oldest profession in the Gospel of Luke, just before the first account of Mary of Magdala. And Gregory the Great, at the end of the sixth century, read that story, and read about Mary, and conflated the two and drew the conclusion that Mary herself was a prostitute. WEAVER: Gregory the Great just happened to be pope. And when he preached this revised version of Mary Magdalene in the year 591, his sermon turned her into a fallen woman for the next 1,400 years. While Mary Magdalene was being downgraded, Mary of Nazareth was getting her own makeover - one that some say fills a primal need. HAZELTON: What we need is to be able to conceive of the sacred, of the divine, without gender. Until we reach that stage - and we're not there yet - just as the ancients needed a goddess, so do we too. And Mary becomes that goddess. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) (NEWS BREAK) WEAVER: A pilgrim from a religion other than Christianity could be forgiven for thinking that Christians worship a goddess and that her name is the blessed Virgin Mary. UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Let us pray that we will join Mary, the Mother of the Lord in the glory of heaven. WEAVER: But just how did this lavish coronation happen to a peasant woman from rural Galilee? LEVINE: According to Luke, who wrote the Book of Acts, Mary is present in the worshipping community in Jerusalem following the death of Jesus and that's the last time we hear reference to her in all of the Acts of the Apostles. HAZELTON: I like to think of her as the sort of center of such a community. They want to worship her, she says, "No, I am one of you, we are all equals." WEAVER: But as Christianity started spreading, Christian leaders recognized Mary's appeal for potential converts among the pagans. JOHNSON: If you go back and you read the prayers to the goddesses and shrines to the goddesses and the rituals of the goddesses, they were beautiful and they had to deal with healing and salvation and with comfort in all kinds of ways. And so what the bishops did, and this was done with approval, is as they said, baptize all of that and bring it within the parameters of the Christian message. And so the titles, the shrines, the iconography of the goddesses got transferred to the feminine figure in the Christian tradition, connected with Jesus at his birth, namely his motjer WEAVER: The Vatican is the Sacred Heart of Mary and Devotion. That has been especially true under Pope John Paul II and with good reason. On May 13th, 1981, the Pope was shot in St. Peter's Square and barely survived. Rescued from death, he believes, by Mary's hand. MSGR. LUCIANO, RECTOR OF THE SANCTUARY IN FATIMAS: I believe and I am sure he believes it to that it was the Virgin of Fatima that saved him. Inside I think he believes it. The Pope has said once to my bishop that he comes to Fatima every day. WEAVER: Fatima is the town in Portugal where the Catholic Church believes this image of the Virgin Mary appeared to three shepherd children on May 14th, 1916. 65 years to the day that the pope was nearly killed by this bullet. The Virgin Mary also gave three secrets to the children. The first, a vision of hell. The second, the need to defeat communism in Russia and the third, a prediction too terrible to reveal. Then, in the year 2000, Pope John Paul revealed the secret. O'COLLINS: It was about a figure in white being wounded. It wasn't a precise prophecy of what happened to the pope in 1981 but it was kind of a vague picture that fitted that occasion and there was nothing very startling about it and I am very glad they came out with that because that was a Happy Hunting Ground for religious fanatics. (MUSIC) WEAVER: But the pope is hardly alone in his devotion to Mary in apparitions. Thousands continue to receive visions and millions more make pilgrimages to those sites. How does the Vatican determine which miracles are real and which are faith-induced fantasies? O'COLLINS: Well, they want to look at the results in people's lives. If the results are good, "by their fruit you shall know them" and there is a real holiness there and the vision is having a good impact on people and are these visions helping people to pray more to be closer to Jesus himself? There may be something in them. That's the only test. Time is also important. You can't tell straight off. (MUSIC) WEAVER: Mary makes more appearances to people than does her famous son. So why is Mary bigger than Jesus when it comes to capturing the imagination of everyone from popes to peasants. HAZELTON (VOICE OVER): She is exceptionally sympathetic and therefore for many she is the person who will come to warn us if there is danger, if we need to repent for our sins. If God is angry. WEAVER: Mary's maternal reach even extends beyond Christianity into Islam where many non-Muslims might be surprised to learn that she is also venerated. HAZELTON: There's actually more about Mary in the Qoran than there is in the new testament, word for word. But the story of her in the Qoran is wonderful. The chapter on Mary in the Qoran shows a pregnant, having to leave her village, going out into the desert, giving birth to Jesus under a palm tree, under the protection of the Angel Gabriel. WEAVER: While Islam might revere Mary, she remains a lightning rod for disputes between Catholics and many Protestants who consider some aspects of Marian devotion excessive. LEVINE: As a matter of fact they were right when you look at some quarters. UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (VOICE-OVER): The old argument is getting very tired on both sides. Catholics have shifted what they are teaching about Mary. Protestants are now taking another look. I think It's too strong to say she is going to be a point of unity between Protestants and Catholics but at least not necessarily a huge bone of contention as in the past. WITHERINGTON: With the rise of women's issues in Protestantism, especially more and more women becoming ministers in various Protestant denominations, Mary has become more on the front-burner for Protestants as well. I mean, why are we busy running around just talking about Peter and John? I mean, we should also talk about how Mary is presented as a role model in the New Testament. (MUSIC) WEAVER: While the Virgin was being turned into a goddess, the Magdalene was being turned into a sinner. Now the other Mary is getting a second look thanks to some stunning discoveries in the sands of Egypt. PROF ELAINE PAGELS, PRINCETON UNIVERSITY: We found buried fragments of huge arguments and what we found are just glimmers or hints of what must have been explosive controversies in the first century. What we discovered is that the question about women, their leadership and their participation was not something made up in the 20th century or the 21st century but it was actually an issue in the Christian movement from the very beginning. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) WEAVER: Each year on the feast of Mary Magdalene, pilgrims in the French hill town of Vezelay march to a huge basilica carrying a relic of the saint. A piece of her rib the tradition says is one of the few clues to her fate. Mary Magdalene disappears from the gospels after Jesus does, leaving church patriarchs to paint a picture of her as a woman on the wrong side of the Garden of Eden. HAZELTON: I hesitate to say it was done in bad conscious. But it was done by men who were used to power. It was done by men who could not envision women taking a powerful role, women being that close to Jesus. MEYER: The effect of that was to eliminate Mary from any kinds of serious consideration as an apostle because that is not the kind of cloth of which apostles are cut. Apostles are not repentant whores and that had the effect of marginalizing Mary from that point on. WEAVER: It took the Catholic Church until 1969 to formally undue Pope Gregory's sermon turning her into a prostitute but by then the image of this sinful Magdalene was set, bolstered by 15 centuries of sensuous Christian art. KING: There is something about Mary Magdalene as a repentant prostitute which allows painters and artists to keep the voluptuousness and sensuality within the Christian tradition by making it repentant. So in some ways I think she is marvelous for artists precisely because it's a place to allow femininity, to have a place in the Christian tradition that they might not otherwise easily find. WEAVER: All that began to change in 1945 when an Egyptian goatherd discovered a jar of papyrus documents in a dry river bed at Nag Hammadi. Documents that would threaten centuries of Christian teaching. KING: They contained a treasure trove of over 40 new texts, most of which belong to Christianity in the second and third centuries and they're basically allowing us to fill out and to some degree even rewrite portions of the history of Christianity in those centuries. WEAVER: But rewriting does not come easily to a 2000 year old religion. The Nag Hammadi texts, known as the Gnostic Gospels, reveal mysteries that offer us secret ways to salvation. PAGELS: If Jesus said something like "If you bring forth something within you, if you bring forth it will save you," it doesn't suggest that you need a church or a priest or you don't maybe need to be baptized, so it's about seeking. It's a very different kind of path. An it was different from the one that the leaders and bishops of the church found useful for organizing the Christian communities. WEAVER: Church leaders declared this Gnostic path a heresy. But just as revolutionary as Gnostic practice was the Gnostic view of the feminine role. MEYER: One of the features of Gnostic thought that made Gnostics so attractive is the fact that the Gnostics were clear in acknowledging that God is male and God is female. There are gods and there are goddesses. There are male and there are female manifestations of the divine. And this gives a power and inclusiveness to Gnostic theology. WEAVER: This power was on display most vividly in the newly discovered Gospel of Mary Magdalene. The first gospel named after a woman. While scholars say that she probably didn't write it, these words from the gospel itself put Mary in direct conflict with Peter. Quote, "'Did he really speak privately with a woman and not openly to us?' Peter asked, 'Are we to turn about and all listen to her? Did He prefer her to us?'" KING: The Gospel of Mary makes the strongest argument for women's leadership of probably any text in all of antiquity precisely because it argues that leadership should be based on one's interior spiritual maturity and not one whether one is a man or a woman. WEAVER: So does this mean Mary Magdalene, rather than Peter, could be the first pope? O'COLLINS: That is a bizarre idea that Mary Magdalene is the first pope. She is the first east(ph) to witness and that is a decisive moment but people didn't use the word "pope" then and Peter was clearly the leader of that core group of 12. WEAVER: Other scholars, even those who dispute the authority of the Gnostic gospels say the new texts do reflect some kind of internal church battle, one that has echoes for women 1800 years later. WITHERINGTON: I think there may well be some kind of struggle from the third or fourth centuries AD between the dominant tradition, which is represented by Peter and then Mary Magdalene becomes a sort of heroine figure for this subdominant voice that still wants to be heard. WEAVER: Another Gnostic text, the Gospel of Philip, seems to tell us that Jesus' relationship to Mary Magdalene was intimate. It says "He used to kiss her often." Likewise, Protestant reformer Martin Luther thought Jesus and the Magdalene may have been a couple and the songwriters of "Jesus Christ Superstar" couldn't resist the idea either. So "The Da Vinci Code's" thesis isn't new, but could it be true? Even feminist theologian have trouble buying into that one. KING: For her to be standing in the text next to Jesus and not be called "Mary, wife of Jesus," but to be called "Mary Magdalene" would be unique in all of ancient literature of any kind and as historians, we don't like unique and in my mind that simply settles the issue right there. WEAVER: So what is behind the enduring fascination of a romance between the savior and the Siren? WITHERINGTON: In a Jesus-haunted culture, everybody wants an approachable Jesus and one of the things that underlines things is the human element of Jesus. Remember the song: (MUSIC) There is this motif in our culture of wanting to humanize God or make him more like us. Bring him down to our level. WEAVER: The debates are not likely to end because the underlying issues. Authority in the church, the role of women, continue to percolate and so does the search for the real meaning of the two Marys. MEYER: Give us Mary. Give us Mary. She doesn't belong to the hierarchy of the church. She belongs to all of us. Let us have Mary again. Let us have Mary Magdalene again. Let us have Mary the Mother of Jesus. Let these figures not be a part of official theology, let them be a part of our lives. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) WEAVER: Two women, both named Mary. While scholars try to forge a new reality for the Marys, those views can collide with the weight of Christian tradition. 2000 years of the Madonna and the sinner. For Catholic, Orthodox and some Protestant churches that bar women from the pulpit, the idea of the Magdalene as an apostle could completely redraw the face of Christianity. JOHNSON: More and more women do not want to raise their children in the church when their girls are told, "You can not do this." Their daughters are told, "You can not do this." They are told, "You can not do this." Who wants to belong to an institution that keeps silencing you? WEAVER: For Protestants, rediscovering a role for Mary the Mother of Jesus could be equally unsettling. WITHERINGTON: I would like to see the rehabilitation of traditions about Mary based in the scriptures as a model disciple and one who wrestles with understanding Jesus and so is very approachable. KING: It's not just that people are looking for reasons to be able to ordain women, for example. It really is a matter of looking at the tradition and writing it accurately historically so that we have a strong historical basis to build contemporary theology in church life. (MUSIC) WEAVER: But re-imagining the role of Mary in Christianity or in any religion could shake sacred ground. PAGELS: The question of how we understand gender and the relationship between men and women has always been an explosive and potentially controversial one. It can break societies apart. WEAVER: But scholars argue that the enduring appeal of the Virgin Mary and the renewed interest in Mary Magdalene can point the way to a new future by recovering the authentic past. O'COLLINS: Christianity comes from real people who lived in real places and it is rooted in Jewish history and any good interest in Mary and Mary Magdalene is part of this rooting of the Christian story in its origins which is historical. WEAVER: And more potentially explosive documents about the Christian story, scholars say, are out there, just awaiting discovery. WITHERINGTON: There are more documents there to be read that will shed more light on Jesus, on Mary Magdalene and the Mother of Jesus and what happened in the early church. There are more gospels to be found. And those gospels, in turn, will change our way of looking at the ancient world and the early church. KING: What was the relationship like between the Virgin Mary and Mary Magdalene? Well, they certainly shared Jesus in common but more than that I think they shared in common a hope for a better world. A concern that people unite and work together. A sense that women can accomplish enormous amounts both individually and in particular if they work together. WEAVER: So the arguments about the Marys that took place centuries ago, arguments long considered settled, are being renewed with fresh evidence to fuel them and with women getting equal time for the first time. Will a new vision of the two Marys push Christianity to places it has never gone or will it divide it like never before? No matter what new evidence is found, one thing is certain. Nearly 2,000 years after they walked the Holy Land, the world is still looking to the Marys for answers. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) TO ORDER A VIDEO OF THIS TRANSCRIPT, PLEASE CALL 800-CNN-NEWS OR USE OUR SECURE ONLINE ORDER FORM LOCATED AT www.fdch.com


text:
Gepetto and Pinocchio Costume
Rate this costume:
12 votes
|add a comment
Gepetto Pulls Pinocchio's Strings for Halloween Show
|Costume type:
|Costumes for Pets
This homemade costume for pets entered our 2011 Halloween Costume Contest.
A word from Bonnie and Beth, the 'Gepetto and Pinocchio' costume creators:
Phoenix is Gepetto, the puppeteer, and his real little boy Pinocchio, played by Aladdin, just wishes he didn't have any strings. Gepetto is manipulating Pinocchio's marionette crossbar with his paw so he can help him put on a show for Halloween before Pinocchio's nose grows too long.
Pinocchio and Gepetto's clothes were hand-sewn. The hats and wigs were purchased and adapted to work with the costumes. The shoes Pinocchio is wearing were made from socks which were cut and pieces of craft foam were glued on. We also made the stage from a cardboard box and Pinocchio's crossbar out of foamboard. We added strings to make the marionette complete.
Similar costumes:

subset: commoncrawl


text:
1. Tareq Ayyoub, Al-Jazeera, April 8, 2003, Baghdad
Ayyoub, a Jordanian working with the Qatar-based satellite channel Al-Jazeera, was killed when a U.S. missile struck the station's Baghdad bureau, located in a two-story villa in a residential area near the Information Ministry and a palace compound of Saddam Hussein. Al-Jazeera cameraman Zouhair Nadhim, who was outside on the roof with Ayyoub, was injured in the blast.
U.S. Central Command (Centcom) said that U.S. forces were responding to enemy fire in the area and that the Al-Jazeera journalists were caught in the crossfire. Al-Jazeera correspondents deny that any fire came from their building.
The attack occurred during heavy fighting around the bureau in an area that housed government buildings targeted by U.S. and coalition forces. Al-Jazeera officials pointed out that the U.S. military had been given the bureau's coordinates weeks before the war began.
In an April 8, 2003 letter to U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, CPJ protested the bombing and called for an immediate investigation. In October, a Centcom spokesman confirmed to CPJ that no investigation had been conducted.
The incident occurred around dawn, after intense anti-aircraft fire began in the area. Talk show host and producer Maher Abdullah, a five-year Al-Jazeera veteran who had been in Baghdad for two weeks at the time, told CPJ that planes began flying low in the area at around 6 a.m.
The crew went up to the roof to report but came down because it was unsafe. According to Abdullah, the crew realized moments later that their fixed camera had been knocked out of position and now faced the Ministry of Information building, which Iraqi authorities had explicitly warned the crew not to film. Assistant cameraman Zoheir Nadhim returned to the roof with Ayyoub to adjust the camera.
When Ayyoub and Nadhim went upstairs, Abdullah heard a plane fly so low that it sounded like it was going to crash into the building. At that point, a missile struck Al-Jazeera's small generator, which was located outside the building at ground level just below where Ayyoub was believed to have been at the time. Two Al-Jazeera correspondents said that while they suspected that the strike caused his death, he could have been killed by other ordnance.
Another plane passed low about 15 minutes later and fired another missile, which struck across the road about 50 feet (15 meters) from the front door, blowing it off the hinges, according to Abdullah.
Raed Khattar, a cameraman for Abu Dhabi TV who, at the time, was on the roof of Abu Dhabi TV's office, saw what was likely the first missile because his office was between the plane and Al-Jazeera's office, he told CPJ.
Moments later, Abu Dhabi TV staff on the roof came under machine gun fire from a U.S. tank on the Jumhuriyya Bridge, and one of their three unmanned cameras was struck by a shell, staff told CPJ. The three-story building was marked with a large banner labeled "Abu Dhabi TV."
In a statement issued hours after the incident, Centcom in Doha said that, "According to commanders on the ground, Coalition forces came under significant enemy fire from the building where the Al-Jazeera journalists were working and consistent with the right of self-defense, Coalition forces returned fire. Sadly an Al-Jazeera correspondent was killed in this exchange."
Abdullah noted that until that morning anti-aircraft fire in the area had been sporadic. Days before April 8, Abdullah saw manned Iraqi anti-aircraft positions in the area --some 220 yards (200 meters) away on the opposite side of the generator -- but not near the office. However, on April 11, he discovered one abandoned anti-aircraft gun about 44 yards (40 meters) from the bureau. Journalists from Abu Dhabi TV told CPJ that Al-Jazeera's bureau was located near a villa used by former Iraqi Information Minister Muhammad Said Sahhaf.
Just before the war, CPJ obtained a copy of the February 24, 2003, letter that then Al-Jazeera Managing Director Mohammed Jasem al-Ali had sent to the Pentagon spokeswoman Victoria Clarke specifying the coordinates of the bureau.
Al-Jazeera also maintains that the night before the strike, al-Ali had received explicit assurances from U.S. State Department official Nabeel Khoury in Doha that the bureau was safe and would not be targeted. Abdullah told CPJ, "The coordinates were actually given four months in advance to the Pentagon, and we were assured that we would not be hit under any circumstances. ... We would never be targeted, that was the assurance."
In an e-mail reply to CPJ, Khoury, who said he did not recall the exact date of his meeting with Al-Jazeera, said, "I doubt very much that I assured anybody's safety in a war zone." He added that he did tell the station "what we had been telling all diplomats and civilians, that whereas our troops would do their utmost not to hurt civilians, there was no way to guarantee anyone's safety in a war zone."
In its April 8, 2003 letter to U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld CPJ also noted that, "The attack against Al-Jazeera is of particular concern since the station's offices were also hit in Kabul, Afghanistan, in November 2001." The Pentagon asserted, without providing additional detail, that the office was a 'known Al-Qaeda facility,' and that the U.S. military did not know the space was being used by Al-Jazeera.
Status of Investigation:
CPJ has repeatedly demanded that the U.S. military conduct and make public a thorough investigation into the incident. In October 2003, six months after the bombing, a U.S. military spokesman acknowledged to CPJ that no investigation into the incident was ever launched. CPJ is unaware of any military inquiry that has been conducted since that time. CPJ is still waiting for the Defense Department to fulfill a Freedom of Information Act request related to the incident that CPJ filed in May 2003.
2. Taras Protsyuk, Reuters, April 8, 2003, Baghdad
3. José Couso, Telecinco, April 8, 2003, Baghdad
Protsyuk, a cameramen for Reuters, and Couso, a cameraman for Spanish television station Telecinco, died after a U.S. tank fired a shell at the Palestine Hotel in Baghdad where most foreign journalists were based during the war. A shell hit two hotel balconies where several journalists were monitoring a battle around noon.
Protsyuk died of wounds to his head and stomach. He had worked for Reuters since 1993, covering conflicts in Bosnia, Kosovo, Chechnya, and Afghanistan. He was married with an 8-year-old son.
Couso was hit in the jaw and right leg. He was taken to Saint Raphael Hospital, where he died during surgery. Couso was married with two children.
Directly after the attack, Maj. Gen. Buford Blount, commander of the U.S. Army's 3rd Infantry Division, confirmed that a single shell had been fired at the hotel from a tank in response to what he said was rocket and small arms fire from the building. Journalists at the hotel deny that any gunfire came from the building.
A CPJ report concluded that the shelling of the hotel, while not deliberate, was avoidable since U.S. commanders knew that journalists were in the hotel and were intent on not hitting it. The report called on the Pentagon to conduct a thorough and public investigation into the incident.
Status of Investigation:
On August 12, 2003, U.S. Central Command (Centcom) issued a news release summarizing the results of its investigation into the incident. The report concluded that the tank unit that opened fire on the hotel did so "in a proportionate and justifiably measured response." It called the shelling "fully in accordance with the Rules of Engagement."
Centcom offered some detail—consistent with CPJ's investigation—that the tank opened fire at what it believed was an Iraqi "spotter" directing enemy fire at U.S. troops. The release also said "one 120 mm tank round was fired at the suspected enemy observer position. ... It was only some time after the incident that A Company became aware of the fact that the building they fired on was the Palestine Hotel and that journalists at the hotel had been killed or injured as a result."
However, the news release failed to address one of the conclusions in CPJ's report: that U.S. commanders knew that journalists were in the Palestine Hotel but failed to convey this knowledge to forces on the ground.
Centcom's results, which were summarized in the release, appeared to back away from earlier charges by U.S. military officials that the tank unit was responding to hostile fire coming from the hotel. Yet, despite considerable testimony to the contrary from several journalists in the hotel, Centcom maintains "that the enemy used portions of the hotel as a base of operations and that heavy enemy activity was occurring in those areas in and immediately around the hotel."
In addition, the news release failed to provide other specific information, such as how the decision to target the hotel was made.
In May 2004, the Pentagon finally made public a redacted version of the U.S. Central Command investigation into the shelling.
The U.S. Central Command investigation, which included interviews with platoon and company soldiers, was completed by June 5, 2003, but the Pentagon did not clear its release until September 2004. The 52-page report was released by mail from Fort McPherson, Ga., postmarked November 1, in response to a Freedom of Information Act request that CPJ filed in May 2003.
Details of the Army report, focusing on the actions of the 3rd Infantry Division's 4th Battalion 64th Armor Regiment, are mostly consistent with CPJ's own investigation into the shelling, which concluded that after a morning of heavy fighting near the Tigris River the tank opened fire on what it believed was an Iraqi "spotter" directing enemy fire at U.S. troops from the hotel's upper floors or roof. It appears from soldier testimony that troops likely mistook cameramen working on the hotel's balconies for the "spotters."
But there were "several spot reports" about different Iraqis directing Iraqi artillery strikes in the area at the time, according to the report's investigating officer, whose name has been excised from the report. Intercepted Iraqi radio communications indicated that the only thing that soldiers of the 64th Armor Regiment were sure of is that the tanks near the Tigris River were "being observed from a 'multi-story' building; one high enough to be able to observe."
The Army report, however, also reiterates previous claims of the military that soldiers were responding to hostile fire from the hotel. That finding is at odds with CPJ's own investigation, which was based on interviews with about a dozen reporters at the scene. None of the journalists based inside the Palestine Hotel reported evidence of hostile fire coming from the hotel, CPJ's investigation found.
The report also fails to address the question of why U.S. troops on the ground were not made aware that the Palestine Hotel - one of the best-known civilian sites in Baghdad at the time - was full of journalists. The testimony of at least one soldier cited in the Army report appears to indicate that U.S. troops were unaware of any sensitive civilian targets in their area of operations. "At no time was there any discussion of no-fire areas, or protected sites on the east side of the Tigris River," the soldier, whose name was excised, wrote.
4. Mazen Dana, Reuters, August 17, 2003, outside Baghdad
Dana, a veteran conflict cameraman for Reuters news agency, was killed by machine-gun fire from a U.S. tank while filming near Abu Ghraib Prison, outside Baghdad, in the afternoon. He had been reporting with a colleague near the prison after a mortar attack had killed six Iraqis there the previous night. The soldier in the tank who fired on Dana did so without warning, while the journalist filmed the vehicle approaching him from about 55 yards (50 meters).
U.S. military officials said the soldier who opened fire mistook Dana's camera for a rocket-propelled grenade (RPG) launcher. There was no fighting in the area, and the journalists had been operating near the prison with the knowledge of U.S. troops at the prison gates.
In an August 18 letter to U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, CPJ protested the shooting, stating that it raised "serious questions about the conduct of U.S. troops and their rules of engagement."
On September 22, the U.S. military announced that it had concluded its investigation into the incident. A spokesman for Centcom in Iraq told CPJ that while Dana's killing was "regrettable," the soldier "acted within the rules of engagement."
Dana's soundman, Nael Shyioukhi, who witnessed the incident, told CPJ that he and Dana arrived at the prison with their driver, Munzer Abbas, in the late afternoon. According to Shyioukhi, several journalists were also in the area. Shyioukhi said that after a short while Dana suggested that they approach the prison gates to begin filming. At one point, Dana identified himself to a U.S. soldier as a journalist from Reuters and asked if a spokesman was available to comment on camera about the attack the previous night. The soldier replied that he could not comment, and no spokesmen were available. Dana then asked the soldier if he and Shyioukhi could film the prison from a nearby bridge. According to Shyioukhi, the soldier politely told them they were welcome to do so.
After filming from the bridge, located between 330 and 660 yards (300 and 600 meters) from the prison, Dana and Shyioukhi, who were wearing jeans and T-shirts, packed their equipment in their car and began to head off for the Reuters office. As they approached the main road to the prison, Dana noticed a convoy of tanks approaching and told Abbas to stop so he could film it. According to Shyioukhi, he and Dana were not apprehensive because the area was calm, and it was apparent that U.S. troops were in complete control. Neither Dana nor Shyioukhi were wearing flak jackets, and their car was not marked press.
Dana exited the car and set up his blue, canvas-encased camera with a white microphone facing the tanks while Shyioukhi lit a cigarette. Shyioukhi said Dana filmed for about 10 seconds, when suddenly, without warning, several shots rang out from the lead tank, which was approximately 55 yards (50 meters) away.
Shyioukhi ducked for cover then heard Dana scream and place his hand on his stomach, which was bleeding profusely. He said that within moments of the shooting, approximately six U.S. soldiers, including the one who shot Dana, surrounded them. Shyioukhi recounted that the soldier who shot Dana screamed at Shyioukhi to "stand back."
A doctor arrived on an armored personnel carrier (APC) after about 10 minutes and tried to stop the bleeding. The APC took Dana back to the prison complex for treatment and to get him evacuated to a hospital.
U.S. military spokesman Col. Guy Shields called Dana's death a "tragic incident" and promised to do everything to avoid a similar incident in the future. When questioned by London's Independent about the rules of engagement for U.S. troops, Shields said, "I can't give you details on the rules of engagement, but the enemy is not in formations, they are not wearing uniforms. During wartime firing a warning shot is not a necessity. There is no time for a warning shot if there is potential for an ambush."
Some journalists at the scene questioned how troops could mistake the camera for a weapon. And according to experts who train war correspondents, although one might easily mistake a camera for an RPG launcher at a distance, a camera would be clearly visible from 55 to 110 yards (50 to 100 meters)—the distance at which Dana was hit.
Status of Investigation:
In 2004, the Pentagon, after a CPJ Freedom of Information Act request, released a redacted version of the report into the incident by the U.S. Army's 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment based in Fort Carson, CO. The report absolved U.S. troops of any fault in Dana's death and said the soldier's actions were justified. According to the report, the soldier who fired at Dana said he "saw a male wearing a black shirt and pants," with "dark skin and dark hair" and mistook Dana's camera for a rocket propelled grenade launcher. The Dana report did offer useful safety recommendations, which include calls to improve military communication regarding the presence of journalists in conflict areas, improve communications between the military and the media, and reassess the rules of engagement for U.S. troops. Few if any of these appear to have been implemented.
5. Ahmad Kareem, Kurdistan TV, August 25, 2003, Mosul
Kareem, director of Kurdistan TV's bureau in Mosul, northern Iraq, was shot and killed by U.S. forces outside his office along the Tigris River. Kurdistan TV staff and an official from the Kurdistan Democratic Party, which runs Kurdistan TV, told CPJ that Kareem was sitting outside with a colleague writing a news report when a U.S. river patrol exchanged fire with an armed group situated on the same river bank as Kurdistan TV. Kareem and his colleague were shot as they sought refuge in the bureau. The colleague, a cameraman, survived.
Kareem and his colleague had decided to work outside because there was no electricity in the building and the office was excessively hot.
Bakhtiar Talabani, media director in Kirkuk for the Kurdistan Democratic Party, said U.S. military officials visited the family's home days later to express their condolences and provide his children with money. The U.S. military has not investigated the incident nor has it issued an official apology, Talabani said.
Status of Investigation:
CPJ has no knowledge of any military investigation that was conducted into this incident.
6. Ali Abdel Aziz, Al-Arabiya, March 18, 2004, Baghdad
7. Ali al-Khatib, Al-Arabiya, March 19, 2004, Baghdad
Cameraman Abdel Aziz and reporter al-Khatib of the United Arab Emirates--based news channel Al-Arabiya were shot dead near a U.S. military checkpoint in Baghdad.
The two journalists, along with a technician and a driver, were covering the aftermath of a rocket attack against the Burj al-Hayat Hotel, according to Al-Arabiya. The crew arrived at the scene in two vehicles and parked about 110 to 165 yards (100 to 150 meters) from a checkpoint near the hotel. Technician Mohamed Abdel Hafez said that he, Abdel Aziz, and al-Khatib approached the soldiers on foot and spoke with them for a few minutes but were told they could not proceed.
As the three men prepared to depart, the electricity in the area went out and a car driven by an elderly man approached U.S. troops, crashing into a small metal barrier near a military vehicle at the checkpoint. Abdel Hafez said that as the crew pulled away from the scene, one of their vehicles was struck by gunfire from the direction of the U.S. troops. Abdel Hafez said he witnessed two or three U.S. soldiers firing but was not sure at whom they were firing. He said there had been no other gunfire in the area at the time.
Bullets passed through the rear windshield of the car in which Abdel Aziz and al-Khatib were driving. Abdel Aziz died instantly of a bullet wound, or wounds, to the head, while al-Khatib died in a hospital the next day, also of head wounds.
Status of Investigation:
According to press reports, the U.S. military commander in Iraq at the time, Lt. Gen. Ricardo S. Sanchez, ordered an "urgent review" of the incident. On March 29, the U.S. military said it had completed its investigation and accepted responsibility for the deaths of the two journalists.
A statement posted on the Combined Joint Task Forces 7's Web site expressed "regret" for the deaths and said the investigation determined that the incident was an "accidental shooting." Press reports quoted U.S. military officials saying that the soldiers who had opened fire acted within the "rules of engagement."
The military's statement said the "investigation concluded that no soldiers fired intentionally" at the Al-Arabiya car. The military has said that the full investigative report is classified; CPJ has sought a copy of the report under the Freedom of Information Act.
8. Asaad Kadhim, Al-Iraqiya TV, April 19, 2004, near Samara
Kadhim, a correspondent for the U.S.-funded Al-Iraqiya TV, and his driver, Hussein Saleh, were killed by gunfire from U.S. forces near a checkpoint close to the Iraqi city of Samara, about 75 miles (120 kilometers) northwest of Baghdad. Cameraman Jassem Kamel was injured.
On April 20, Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, the deputy director of operations for coalition forces in Iraq, confirmed that U.S. troops had killed the journalist and his driver. According to media reports, Kimmitt said that coalition forces at the checkpoint signaled the journalists to stop by firing several warning shots. When the vehicle ignored those shots, Kimmitt said, forces fired at the car.
The Associated Press reported that Kimmitt said there were signs in the area indicating that filming was banned at both the base and the checkpoint. According to the AP, Kimmitt said the signs were designed to prevent Iraqi insurgents from canvassing the area.
Cameraman Kamel told the AP that no warning shots had been fired at their vehicle.
Status of Investigation:
U.S. spokesman Dan Senor said Paul Bremer, the top U.S. official in Iraq at the time, "is fully committed to a thorough and robust investigation to determine exactly what happened here," the AP reported. It is unclear whether an investigation was conducted and what its outcome was.
9. Mazen al-Tumeizi, Al-Arabiya, September 12, 2004, Baghdad
Mazen al-Tumeizi, a reporter for Al-Arabiya television, was killed after a U.S. helicopter fired missiles and machine guns to destroy a disabled American vehicle, international news reports said. Seif Fouad, a camera operator for Reuters Television, and Ghaith Abdul Ahad, a freelance photographer working for Getty Images, were wounded in the strike.
That day at dawn, fighting erupted on Haifa Street in the center of Baghdad, a U.S. Bradley armored vehicle caught fire, and its four crew members were evacuated with minor injuries, according to news reports. As a crowd gathered, one or more U.S. helicopters opened fire.
Video aired by Al-Arabiya showed that al-Tumeizi was preparing a report nearby when an explosion behind him caused him to double over and scream, "I'm dying, I'm dying." He died moments later, the Dubai-based station reported.
Military spokesman Lt. Col. Steven Boylan told The Associated Press that a U.S. helicopter fired on the disabled Bradley vehicle to prevent looters from stripping it.
But Reuters quoted a statement from the military that presented a different account. "As the helicopters flew over the burning Bradley they received small-arms fire from the insurgents in vicinity of the vehicle," the statement said. "Clearly within the rules of engagement, the helicopters returned fire, destroying some anti-Iraqi forces in the vicinity of the Bradley."
Status of Investigation:
On September 24, 2004, CPJ wrote the Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld calling on him to "ensure that a comprehensive and transparent investigation is conducted, including an examination of whether this attack may have violated the principles of international law that prohibit the use of indiscriminate fire." CPJ never received a reply to its letter and it is unclear whether an investigation was conducted.
10. Dhia Najim, freelance, November 1, 2004, Ramadi
Najim, an Iraqi freelance cameraman, was shot and killed in the western city of Ramadi, where he had been covering a gun battle between the U.S. military and Iraqi insurgents.
Najim, who worked for a number of news organizations, was on assignment for Reuters that day. He was shot in the back of the neck while working near his home in the Andalus District of Ramadi, 70 miles (112 kilometers) west of the capital, Baghdad, Reuters said.
"Video shot from an upper floor of a building nearby shows Najim, at first half-hidden by a wall, move into the open," Reuters reported. "As soon as he emerges, a powerful gunshot cracks out and he falls to the ground, his arms outstretched. Civilians are seen gathering calmly at the scene immediately afterwards to look at his lifeless body."
A November 2 statement from the 1st Marine Division of the I Marine Expeditionary Force said that U.S. forces "engaged several insurgents in a brief small arms firefight that killed an individual who was carrying a video camera."
The statement went on to say, "Inspection of videotape in [Najim's] camera revealed footage of previous attacks on Multi-National Force military vehicles that included the insurgent use of RPGs (rocket-propelled grenades), an IED (roadside bomb) and small arms fire." The statement also said that the insurgents who fought U.S. forces "fled the scene with their wounded but left the body of the dead man along the side of the road."
On November 3, The New York Times reported that the Marine Corps had opened an investigation. "We did kill him," an unnamed military official told The Times. "He was out with the bad guys. He was there with them, they attacked, and we fired back and hit him."
Reuters rejected the military's implication that Najim was working as part of an insurgent group. The agency reported that video footage showed no signs of fighting in the vicinity and noted that Najim had "filmed heavy clashes between Marines and insurgents earlier in the day but that fighting had subsided."
Status of Investigation:
On November 2, CPJ wrote to Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld seeking an inquiry into the incident, but did not receive a reply. It is unclear whether an investigation was conducted, or what its outcome was. Reuters reported in August 2005 that "The exact circumstances of his killing have never been clarified despite requests from Reuters."
11. Maha Ibrahim, Baghdad TV, June 25, 2005, Baghdad
Ibrahim, a news producer for the Iraqi television station Baghdad TV, was shot and killed by U.S. forces fire in Baghdad as she drove to work with her husband, who is also an employee of the station, Iraqi journalists and colleagues at Baghdad TV told CPJ. Staff at the Baghdad TV station said Ibrahim's car was hit by what they described as random fire from U.S. troops who were attempting to disperse people from a road along which they were traveling. They said Ibrahim was wounded in the abdomen and that she died on arrival at a local hospital.
Ibrahim's husband survived the shooting.
Baghdad TV is a local television station affiliated with the Iraqi Islamic Party.
Status of Investigation:
On June 29, 2005, CPJ called on U.S. military authorities to launch an immediate inquiry into the shooting death. It is unclear whether an investigation was conducted or what its outcome was.
12. Ahmed Wael Bakri, Al-Sharqiyah, June 28, 2005, Baghdad
Bakri, a director and news producer for the local television station, Al-Sharqiyah, was killed by gunfire as he approached U.S. troops, according to Ali Hanoon, a station director. Hanoon said Bakri was driving from work to his in-laws' home in southern Baghdad at the time. U.S. soldiers fired at his car 15 times, and Bakri died later at Yarmouk Hospital, he said. The Associated Press, citing another colleague and a doctor who treated the journalist, reported that Bakri had failed to pull over for a U.S. convoy while trying to pass a traffic accident.
The U.S. embassy in Baghdad issued a statement of condolence to the family and the station, the BBC reported. "We were deeply saddened and hurt by Mr. Wael al-Bakri's death and as is the case with incidents of unintentional killing, the investigation is ongoing and we are trying our best to find out the details of the accident," the statement said.
Status of Investigation:
On June 29, 2005, CPJ called on U.S. military authorities to launch an immediate inquiry into the shooting death. It is unclear whether an investigation was conducted or what its outcome was.
13. Waleed Khaled, Reuters, August 28, 2005, Baghdad
Khaled, 35, a soundman for Reuters, was shot by U.S. forces several times in the face and chest as he drove with cameraman Haidar Kadhem to investigate a report of clashes between armed men and police in Baghdad's Hay al-Adil district, Reuters reported.
Reuters quoted an Iraqi police report as saying: "A team from Reuters news agency was on assignment to cover the killing of two policemen in Hay al-Adil; U.S. forces opened fire on the team from Reuters and killed Waleed Khaled, who was shot in the head, and wounded Haider Kadhem." Four days later the U.S. military confirmed its troops had killed Khaled.
Kadhem, the only known eyewitness, was wounded in the back and was detained by U.S. forces in the aftermath for three days. Before Kadhem was detained, he told reporters at the scene that he heard gunfire and saw a U.S. sniper on the roof of a nearby shopping center.
Status of Investigation:
On September 1, the U.S. military in Iraq announced that the unit involved in the shooting of Khaled had concluded its investigation and that troops' response was "appropriate," Reuters reported.
According to Reuters, Maj. Gen. Rick Lynch said that Khaled's car "approached at a high rate of speed and then conducted activity that in itself was suspicious. There were individuals hanging outside with what looked to be a weapon. It stopped and immediately put itself in reverse. Again suspicious activity. Our soldiers on the scene used established rules of engagement and all the training received ... (and they) decided that it was appropriate to engage that particular car. And as a result of that the driver was indeed killed and the passenger was hurt by shards of glass."
An army spokesman told Reuters that the report was not formally completed and was not available for release.
2 Confirmed Cases of Media Workers Killed in Iraq by U.S. Forces' Fire
(March 2003-August 2005)
1. Kamaran Abdurazaq Muhamed, BBC, April 6, 2003, near Mosul
Muhamed, a translator working for the BBC, was killed in a case of "friendly fire" when a U.S. warplane dropped a bomb on a convoy of Kurdish soldiers who were traveling near Mosul.
According to press reports, at least 18 people were killed, including members of U.S. Special Forces who were traveling with the convoy. Two BBC journalists, correspondent John Simpson and producer Tom Giles, were injured.
Status of Investigation:
It is unclear whether an investigation was conducted into the incident.
2. Hussein Saleh, Al-Iraqiya TV, April 19, 2004, near Samara
A driver for the U.S.-funded Al-Iraqiya TV, Saleh was killed by gunfire from U.S. forces near a checkpoint close to the Iraqi city of Samara, about 75 miles (120 kilometers) northwest of the capital, Baghdad. Correspondent Asaad Kadhim was killed and cameraman Jassem Kamel was injured.
Status of Investigation:
(See Asaad Kadhim, above)


text:
Discover our programme
Lake Constance
Lake Constance
Therapeutic fasting and nutritional strategies
Therapeutic team
The history of therapeutic fasting
ca. 14 m²
Starting from 389 €
Haupthaus, Parkvilla, Villa Larix
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
Mit der Nutzung dieses Formulars erklärst du dich mit der Speicherung und Verarbeitung deiner Daten durch diese Website einverstanden. *
We would be delighted to send you news on Buchinger Wilhelmi.
You will shortly receive an e-mail from us with a confirmation link. Please click this link to complete your registration.
You may withdraw your consent at any time. For more information regarding the content, the logging of your registration, dispatch via the US provider MailChimp, statistical evaluation and your options for der unsubscribing from the newsletter, please see our privacy policy.
We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website. You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings.
This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.
Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.
If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again.
This website uses Google Analytics to collect anonymous information such as the number of visitors to the site, and the most popular pages.
Keeping this cookie enabled helps us to improve our website.
Please enable Strictly Necessary Cookies first so that we can save your preferences!


text:
Lynne C. Lancaster
Photo by David Sherman
Lynne C. Lancaster and David Stillman are nationally recognized public speakers, generational experts, and cultural translators as well as coauthors of When Generations Collide. They are cofounders of BridgeWorks, a highly successful twelve-year-old research, speaking, and training company focused exclusively on the generations at work. Their clients include high-profile companies such as 3M, American Express, Best Buy, Coca-Cola, Deloitte, Disney, Ford Motor Company, General Mills, and Procter & Gamble, as well as stellar organizations such as AARP, the American Bankers Association, the Conference Board, the Internal Revenue Service, the National Security Agency, and the United Way. Lancaster lives in Sonoma, California, and Stillman lives in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- Twin Cities Business Generations Blog
- BridgeWorks
- BridgeWorks Bureau-Friendly Website
- TimesFour Corporate Entertainment
- TimesFour Corporate Entertainment Bureau-Friendly
- Author Url's
*This is a promotional service of HarperCollins Publishers, 195 Broadway, New York, NY 10007, providing information about the products of HarperCollins and its affiliates. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bookperk and other HarperCollins services. You may unsubscribe from these email communications at any time. If you have any questions, please review our privacy policy or email us at [email protected].
Works by Lynne C. Lancaster
The M-Factor
by Lynne C. Lancaster
When Generations Collide
by Lynne C. Lancaster


text:
Why is Apple so eager to adopt 64-bit technology for its processors? Digitimes Research believes it is because in the 32-bit segment, Apple is unable to use the existing architecture and low clock frequency setting to achieve performance similar to that done by the Android camp, which has been blindly pursuing performance while ignoring the balance between power consumption and performance.
The Android camp's pursuit of performance comes as a direct challenge to Apple's high-end platform. But its A7 processor, which features enhanced ARM v8 instruction set and highly-efficient circuits transformed from A57, will enhance Apple's competitiveness against the Android camp.
Other application processor (AP) suppliers originally did not plan to enter the 64-bit segment so early since their manufacturing processes still had yet to catch up and neither did Google at the time have plans to optimize Android for 64-bit applications. However, Apple's move forced its AP competitors to change their minds, with Qualcomm - which originally did not believe the 64-bit architecture had much value - becoming the first among the Android AP camp to announce a 64-bit roadmap. Others have also started adjusting their roadmaps to include 64-bit products.
However, the mobile application segment is evolving, with many high-workload applications having already shifted their focus from pure CPUs to independent DSPs or GPUs. Therefore, Digitimes Research is skeptical about 64-bit processors' ability to bring significant improvements to mobile user experience.
Mobile DRAM suppliers such as Samsung Electronics and Elpida Memory are aggressive about the 64-bit business opportunities. The technology's improved memory addressability is expected to create demand for more mobile DRAM capacity and bigger bus width designs are needed to enable better mobile storage performance. For these firms, the 64-bit battle promises huge business opportunities.


text:
Spring 2020 classes have resumed online.Please visit
dcccd.edu/coronavirus for additional information and to
learn how to prepare for online classes.
Motion capture technology specialist
Vicon recently announced that it has partnered with Richland College's Interactive Simulation and Game Technology department to provide all students in the department's motion capture (mocap) class with industry-standard
Blade software. Designed for a future where motion capture and live-action shooting become indistinguishable, Blade will enable Richland's students to capture performances effortlessly and deliver robust, reliable data that enables creativity.
The Interactive Simulation and Game Technology program at Richland gives students the opportunity to work with the current software programs and sophisticated gaming technology that professionals use. The motion capture class gives students hands-on experience in everything from organizing a shoot with multiple actors and a shot list to post processing the data, using Blade software for capturing, labeling, tracking/cleaning and solving.
"Vicon is a leader in motion capture systems — you get better-quality data, cutting-edge hardware and software, and good customer service," said Richland College's motion capture instructor, Brian Mckee, who has used Vicon systems throughout his career at top studios including Gearbox Games, Blur Studios and House of Moves. "The ability to work with and learn Blade will give students a major advantage as they try to enter a small and competitive industry."
"Richland College is located in the heart of Dallas, which is considered one of the top cities for game development," said Jeffrey Ovadya, sales and marketing director, Vicon. "By partnering with Richland, we're helping future generations of mocap professionals on their path to success in their real-world careers."
Academy Award®-winning Vicon is the world's largest supplier of precision motion tracking systems and match-moving software. It serves customers in CG animation, engineering and life sciences industries. As well as those in film, visual effects, video games and broadcast television sectors.
Vicon is a subsidiary of OMG (Oxford Metrics Group – LSE: OMG), plc., the technology group providing Computer Vision products and services for the entertainment, life science, engineering industries and consumer electronics markets. Other holdings include: OMG Life, our IP licensing business; and Yotta, a provider of software and services for infrastructure asset management.
Among many others, Vicon global clients include:
For more information about OMG and its subsidiaries, visit:
vicon.com or


text:
AlA?-TA?xi 1.1.1
Al* Taxi
Al* Taxi
If you have problem downloading AlA?-TA?xi, stop using your download manager and download directly from browser. Check also your firewall, proxy settings, because some download mirrors may require that you do not block the HTTP referers.
Easy Freeware is not responsible for program you are downloading nor for information provided about the software products listed on our freeware site as the publisher/developer can modify these software information without notifying us. Even if we try to check the files for viruses ourselves, we cannot guarantee 100% that they are clean. So, for your complete protection always check downloaded files for viruses, spyware and malware.
Business Popular Downloads
SEO Dashboard 1.0 iRank SEO Dashboard Webmaster Tools is a Website Ranking Checker tool which is very efficient for personal as well as professional usage. It is a simple yet powerful tool checking the online ranking of different websites in major search engines.
Voice Calculator 1.0.6 Calculator for everyday use for Android devices that lets you instantly enter numbers and expressions using an ergonomic on-screen keyboard and voice input! Calculate two or more expressions at once with the ability to switch editing screens.
Easy App Generator 1.7 No Programming Required! Using Easy App Generator is easy,You don't need to be an Xcode expert or a software developer to create your own iphone, ipad & android apps. This software will allow you to publish unlimited apps to itunes and Google play!
Confirmation.com 1.3 With the Confirmation.com iPhone app, users of the award winning Confirmation.com service can quickly and easily check audit confirmation statuses, manage alerts, and search for specific client requests.
GeorgetteNehmeRealEstate 1.0 The agency is located in the CBD of Albury's most popular and fastest growing suburb of Lavington, opposite the Lavington Post Office and the large Centro Shopping Centre complex and caters for all parts of Albury and surrounds.
Memory Card Price 2.0 The memory card price are fluctuate in everyday. This Apps provide a memory card daily market price to buyer for reference.
Vodafone Secure Content Locker 1.7.917 Important Notice: This application will only work in conjunction with the Vodafone Secure Device Manager solution available to Vodafone business customers.
National Driving Academy 1.0 Learn to drive cars with the National Driving Academy in Canberra and Queanbeyan. Automatic or manual driving lessons in dual control cars for both ACT or NSW learner drivers. Driving test tips and information for free on our website.
Shiftboard Online Scheduling 1.0.2 Shiftboard is the original, totally online scheduling and communication system for all types of local and remote temporary, part-time, volunteer, contract, and other far-flung workforces.
Top Freeware
New Downloads
New Reviews
Trending Freeware


text:
| 0.2°C Belfast
Sam Allardyce insists Ravel Morrison has not played his last game for West Ham despite letting the controversial midfielder join QPR on loan.
Morrison, 21, was one of West Ham's best performers during the first half of the season and was even tipped as an outsider to make England's World Cup squad.
But the former Manchester United prospect has not played since January amid more talk of issues off the field, and this week dropped down a division to move to Loftus Road
Hammers boss Allardyce on Thursday refused to elaborate on the reasons for farming out the talented youngster.
"I'm not answering questions about Ravel Morrison because he is not with us any more," he said.
"We've done a deal with QPR and we are playing football against Southampton on Saturday, my focus is the squad of players I've got here.
"The fact of the matter is Ravel wanted to play some first-team football and he wasn't getting as much here as he wanted so we've let him go out on loan.
"Our consistent performances and recent acquisitions have given us a bigger squad and Ravel has found it a bit more difficult to get in.
"We move on to Southampton with the players we've got here at the club."
When asked if Morrison had played his last game for West Ham, Allardyce responded: "No!"


text:
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, Finance
The undergraduate program in finance prepares students to understand the financial implications inherent in virtually all business decisions. This is obviously true for a large corporation, a major bank, or a casino and hotel company. However, it is equally true for the owner of a small business with 10 employees, for a city manager with 200 employees, or for the business director of a nonprofit organization. The finance curriculum allows students to concentrate their studies on financial management, investments, or financial services.
For information regarding accreditation at UNLV, please head over to Academic Program Accreditations.
Learning Objectives
- Be able to recognize and apply time value of money concepts.
- Be able to recognize and explain the relationship between risk and return.
- Be able to recognize and explain how cash flows create value.
- Be able to recognize and explain how information is reflected in market prices.
Loading from UNLV Catalog…


text:
Create an Account - Increase your productivity, customize your experience, and engage in information you care about.
The county central committee of each political party consists of precinct committeemen and committeewomen elected in the county at the regular biennial primary election.
Each political party in each precinct shall elect 1 committeeman and 1 committeewoman for each 250 votes or major fraction thereof cast for the party's candidate for representative in congress in the last general election, but provided that no precinct shall be entitled to less than 1 precinct committeeman and precinct committeewoman.
Each committeeman and each committeewoman shall serve a term of 2 years and shall begin on the first Monday in January of the year following their election.


text:
Know the Facts about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
2300 Buffalo Rd
Bldg 800C
Rochester, NY 14624
Driving Directions
Coronavirus COVID-19 is spreading in Monroe County and other counties throughout Western New York and Rochester. Here are the new coronavirus cases in Western New York.Read Article
As the coronavirus spreads, new terms are being introduced like shelter in place, contact tracing, respirator, PPE, and more. Get the definitions of the most important coronavirus-related terms!Read Article
Gardening and planting seeds are fun and educational ways for families to spend time together while staying home, and April is a great time to start! Learn these gardening tips.Read Article


text:
In Wisconsin, the only way to make an Old Fashioned drink is with brandy, not whiskey. This break from tradition stems from the introduction of brandy by California's Korbel company at the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago. It was such a hit among the local German-Americans that they started drinking it in place of whiskey. My Grandma Marge enjoyed her brandy Old Fashioned with those cloyingly sweet, fluorescent red maraschino cherries that I loved as a kid. If you're going for Wisconsin authenticity, use 'em. Otherwise, follow my lead and mash in homemade brandied cherries.
Game plan: Top off this cocktail with plain soda, or finish it "sweet" with lemon-lime soda, "sour" with sour mix, or "press," which is a combination of pop and soda water.
This recipe was featured as part of our DIY Home Bar recipe gallery.


text:
rockinthesixstring necesitaba un nuevo diseño de página web y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 36 diseños de 7 diseñadores freelance.
WolfTrapping.com provides informational DVD's to aspiring trappers. With the desire to take its online presence to another level, WolfTrapping.com is in need of a complete website overhaul.
We are looking to attract hunters, trappers and essentially all types of outdoorsmen.
All we need is a single Photoshop ".PSD" file (with layers intact) of a website design that can be used for both a home page and a content page (will be used as a Masterpage.Master in ASP.NET). The design should be targeted as the "home page", so the content will need to include the following.
1) a spot for a dvd promo video (flash - see current site)
2) a graphic ad that points to Inzana Outfitters
3) a prominent graphic link that points to Marty Senneker (please do not use the email or phone number from the existing ad)
For a list of the menu links and existing content, please visit the existing website (http://www.wolftrapping.com). Feel free to use any of the photos you see on the site to incorporate it into your design.
The feel of the site needs to be earthy, clean, with flowing lines, and cool overtones.
The current site is "boxy" with poor ad placements and basically no design. The new site will need to have a single ad location where different ads will be dynamically populated, and will need to push the DVD's as well as "Paul Trepus." who is the creator of the DVD's and owner of Inzana Outfitters. Basically this site needs to drive hunters to buy wolf trapping DVD's.
I'd like to leave the creativity up to the designer, so menu placement, logo placement, ad design, color scheme, etc... is all up to you.
Thanks for looking at our project, and have fun!


text:
Ofmbro necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 38 diseños de 8 diseñadores freelance.
The center of our life is to live as St. Francis, bringing aid to those who most need help. We are sustained in this by our life of community and prayer. Our vocation involves our priests and brothers in missions throughout the world, education, direction of parishes, spiritual retreat guidance for laymen, and general works of charity among the poor.The so-called "Peace Prayer of St. Francis" captures in a practical way this vision of being a Franciscan, of making present the values and vision that Jesus Christ has given us.
In our own unique way as the Franciscan Province of the Sacred Heart of the Order of Friars Minor, but in collaboration with all other Franciscans and all other people of good will, we have been carrying out this mission of rebuilding the Body of Christ the Church and restoring a wounded humanity and creation since 1858 when the Franciscan friars first arrived in the United States
Baby boomers and younger
Maybe there can be part of the sacred heart in silver more abstract in design use of O.F.M more than order of friars minor written out also maybe just FRANCISCANS
SACRED HEART PROVINCE as few of the key words as possible. hope this helps
Must use some part of the sacred heart and franciscan symbol tau cross etc we are catholic priests and brothers this will be our new province logo I will attach the old logos we want something new and fresh as we move into the 21 century. We try to live the gospel of jesus Christ. thenow want clean modern
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


text:
The Flu – What Is It Really?
For one to completely understand in Taylor how the flu behaves, they must develop a basic understanding of the difference between a bacterium and a virus. They are both tiny germs capable of invading the human body. Because of their genetic makeup, they are capable of creating different symptoms in response to the way the body reacts to them. Some of the symptoms they create are caused by changes they make to the body on a cellular level.
Over the last 50 years, scientists have developed a thorough system to fight the growth of bacteria by developing antibiotics. It was originally thought in Taylor that antibiotics would have an effect on viral infections. However, research has shown that taking antibiotics while one is infected by a virus could be deeply detrimental to their health. They not only fail to treat the viral infection, but they also increase the risk of developing a secondary bacterial infection.
The flu we experience in Taylor is a viral illness that is contracted from contact with a person who is infected, or by coming into contact with unwashed, infected surfaces. After the virus moves into the body, it lives in the back of the throat. Here, it multiples until it reaches a viral load where it can successfully affect its host.
In Taylor you may notice that the way the virus is transmitted, and its associated mechanisms are similar to those of the common cold. While this may be true, the flu is not the same as a cold, not even on a genetic level. They originate from completely separate viruses, and they mutate in very different rates and methods.
It is true that the common cold and the flu share many of the same symptoms. The common cold will cause an unpleasant, but mild set of symptoms. The flu, on the other hand, causes more severe symptoms and is more likely to cause serious, possibly life threatening complications.
What Class of Virus is The Flu In Taylor?
The flu is categorized as a contagious viral illness affecting the respiratory system. Depending on the strain of the virus, and the immune system of its host, it will cause symptoms ranging from mild to severe. At times, the severe effects it can have on the human body can be fatal, especially if it is not treated by qualified medical professionals.
Because of the potential for developing severe, life-threatening complications, the CDC recommends that people take charge of their own health care and take the right steps to prevent contracting the flu virus. Prevention can be as simple as getting a flu shot every year and following proper health and safety precautions, like washing your hands after touching things, or eating.
Statistics show that between 5% and 20% of the American population contract the flu each year. Unfortunately, out of the people who do not receive the vaccine on an annual basis, 360 people die from flu related complications, or the severity of their symptoms. To make this statistic even more sad, the majority of the fatalities are in children, elderly, and those who are immune compromised in Taylor. The subsection of the immune compromised population most affected are asthmatics, diabetics, and people with heart disease.
Fortunately, scientists in Taylor are constantly looking for ways to better map out the methods in which the flu transmits from one person to another, and the way the virus grows once it does enter the body. Because of their breakthroughs, they are able to provide new information to the public constantly by utilizing the media. Recently, scientific goals have been focused on natural products people can successfully use to prevent contracting the flu, and treat the virus once they have developed symptoms.
What Symptoms Are Experienced with the Flu In Taylor?
People who do contract the flu in Taylor will suffer from unpleasant symptoms. These symptoms can range from high fevers, chills, muscle aches and pains, sore throat, runny and stuffy nose, fatigue, and a dry cough. While these are the most common symptoms, others may experience additional symptoms, like stomach aches, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and even diarrhea. While these additional symptoms are possible in any case, they are more likely to manifest in children than in adults.
People who suffer from a severe case of the flu may experience more severe symptoms. They may develop bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, painful ear infections, and possible dehydration. These bacterial invasions are typically caused by a weakened immune system trying to fight off the virus, and accidentally allowing bacteria to infiltrate the body.
Where Did the Flu Get Its Name?
The flu received its name as an abbreviation of the virus causing the illness, influenza. The flu is actually a group of respiratory diseases caused by infection by the influenza A. or influenza B. viruses. Both viruses are more active in the winter months, and in the cooler, early part of spring. This pattern has been mapped out scientifically, which makes it easier for medical providers in Taylor to organize prevention and treatment methods for individuals, and groups of individuals.
This scientific research has also pinned down various methods people unknowingly reduce their risk of contracting the virus. For example, people in Taylor who spend more time outside and eat a diet that allows them to take in high amounts of vitamin D directly from being exposed to sunshine during the winter and early spring, have a much lower risk for contracting the flu virus in the event they are exposed to it.
How to Know If You Have the Flu
The common cold and the flu virus usually cycle around communities at the same time. The symptoms of both viruses in Taylor can be very similar, but the symptoms experienced with the flu are a lot worse than the common cold can cause. The common cold will drag you down and make you miserable. The flu will make you miserable to the point where you cannot even drag yourself out of bed.
To date, science has tracked down more than one-hundred strains of the cold virus. Most of these viruses do not mutate past their original form, so the strains are easy to track. The flu virus in Taylor is much more difficult to track down because new strains evolve every couple of years, which makes vaccinating difficult.
Because the strains of flu virus change every few years vaccines must change with them. Developing these vaccines can be extremely difficult because scientists are not able to anticipate exactly what genetic mutations will take place with the flu virus. Because of this, all vaccines are developed using live samples from the previous year's flu outbreak, which leaves people open to developing a mild case of the virus, even if they have been vaccinated.
How Does the Flu Virus Spread in Taylor?
In Taylor the flu virus spreads from one person to another through infected respiratory secretions. This means that any fluid originating in the mouth or nose could be infected during flu season. These secretions are typically released when someone sneezes or coughs without using the right precautions. Because the flu virus in Taylor is easy to transmit from person to person, any surface these secretions come into contact with can be infected, and become an object of transmission.
Because the virus is easy to transmit, people who live in close quarters are at higher risk for contracting the virus. Classrooms, college dorms, hospitals, nursing homes, and office buildings in Taylor are prime locations to get sick.
Something as simple as coughing into one's hand, sneezing without covering their mouth and nose, or did not wash their hands before touching services can leave others at risk. Once the surface is infected, all a person must do is touch the surface and then touch near their mouth, near their nose, or anywhere on their face. Even if one touches a doorknob and later rubs their eyes, they are exposing themselves to a hearty dose of the virus.
After being exposed in Taylor, the virus takes between 24-hours to four days to incubate before the person begins to show symptoms.
Taylor the flu virus typically lasts between one to two weeks. Treatment is symptom management and immune support. The majority of people who contract the flu find that their immune system is able to fight it off and heal their body without medical care. However, the body requires plenty of fluids, a lot of rest, medications for fever, and proper nutrition. One should never follow the old wife's tale of "feed a cold, starve a fever" as it has no scientific basis. In order to properly heal, the body needs plenty of calories and an adequate intake of vitamins and minerals to fight off a virus
Urgent Care Center Benefits That Make It Worth It
Have you ever wondered how medical care would have been in the past? Definitely not as advanced as it is today. Good healthcare is the first step to a successful and advanced society. In the last century, many countries have seen developments in the medical systems of their country. With medical science around the world progressing at a very fast pace, new medical equipments and medicines now offer treatments to illnesses that used to be incurable. So let's say you have a minor illness like a flu or headache, does that mean you have to visit the hospital? Although hospitals may have outpatient clinics that cater to such cases, in the recent times many countries have seen private and government clinics appearing in the vicinity of their homes. The purpose of these clinics is to provide convenient and fast medical treatment to not so serious illnesses at a cheaper rate as compared to visiting a hospital for the general public.
Clinics can be set up by the government with subsidized healthcare to cater to the masses of the public who cannot afford expensive treatments. They also help ease the crowds of patients in hospitals. The government would place some of its registered doctors at these facilities to tend to the patients. These clinics can also be associated with hospitals as some hospitals would send their outpatients to these places for treatment once they have been discharged. Routine checkups can be done at clinics that are affiliated with hospitals. Many doctors also choose to set up their own clinics to serve the people of a certain neighborhood. Different clinics may also cater to different medical conditions. For example a maternity clinic would not offer the same services as a clinic for heart diseases. A government clinic usually tends to cater to all types of illnesses and if they are unable to provide treatment or they feel that treatment from a hospital is crucial for the patient, they would refer the patient to a hospital.
The difference in private and government clinics is that in the latter, a patient can get healthcare at a much cheaper rate but would have to wait for a long time before he or she can see the doctor due to the large number of patients there who also wants to seek for medical help. In the former, healthcare is more expensive as they are not subsidized by the government, however a visit to a private clinic may take as less as ten minutes.
As technology and society advances, clinics start to offer more complex services that previously were only available at hospitals. Government clinics usually tend to have more services and facilities offered to the public as they are subsidized but both have their pros and cons.
The existence of medical clinics is a classic example of how far medical revolution has come thus far. These places deal with majority of the public who have different types of illnesses. They have also eased people's access to medical services which in turn improved the standard of living in a specific country or civilization.
Medical Clinic: What To Find Out Before You Go
The practice of medicine is a profession that will not run out of clients. Man's body wasn't built to be invincible. Time and time again, he is bound to contract some form of disease and he is going to need a doctor. Let us discuss how to start a medical clinic business.
First of all, you need to have a business plan. A business plan should include a business goal, some reason that the business should work, and a phase-by-phase plan on how to achieve the goal.
Next on the list is the capital. No business is possible without the initial capital. You might need to apply for a bank loan. In such a case, you are going to incur an accounts payable. There is a short-term accounts payable which is expected to be resolved in one operation cycle which is one year. Then there is a long-term accounts payable which takes more than a year, about two years, to pay off.
Then you have to find a suitable location for your medical clinic. Assuming that you are a medical doctor, you should already have a small clientele that you have built from your years as a medical resident. The location should be somewhere in the business section of the city or town with accessibility to buses or subway trains.
By the time you have found a suitable location, you should have an architect or interior designer plan the layout of your clinic. Your clinic should have a reception area where there's a counter for the receptionist. Equipment that the receptionist needs are a computer unit, Adjacent to it is the waiting area where patients wait for their turn. There should be furniture for sitting, a TV set or some reading materials so the patients don't get bored while waiting. There should also be a toilet, either unisex or one for each sex.
Depending on the number of doctors, so should there be the same number of offices. Then there should be two or three treatment rooms. You should make a deal with medical equipment manufacturers to get a good deal on EEG machines, ECG machines, EKG machines, ultrasound machines, weighing scales, etc. They could offer you short-term or long-term accounts payable services. You can also put vending machines in the waiting area so that patients could have refreshments to tide over the wait. Make sure you have provisions for parking.


text:
60 Seconds 334: Why use Spotify?
Kirk McElhearn writes about Macs, iPods, iTunes, books, music and more, as a Senior Contributor to Macworld. He is also a regular contributor to TidBITS, as well as several other web sites and magazines. He is co-host of The Next Track and The Committed podcast; and has written more than twenty books, including Take Control books about iTunes. While reading a recent post about streaming music I was compelled to respond. Kirk wrote : June 28, 2016


text:
Glendale, Az, United States
About Krown Kreations & Celebrations
We love parties and everything about parties! We create the perfect party printables for any kind of party or celebration! We Offer a variety of parties in our etsy shop and also do custom orders!
We also offer a line of Mini Top Hats fit to complete any Mad Hatter Theme Party to a fun ladies night out! Check them out in our website at http://krownkreationscelebrations.com/


text:
Marcus Colon : Power
"View more : Power definitions"
"View more : Power definitions"
The Working with People : Keywords curricular framework builds a foundation for establishing reciprocal relationship-building through student and faculty interactions with community-based groups and non-profit organizations by exploring the complex and contradictory contexts in which users, collaborators, and organizations live and work. A series of modules, resources and exercises, it can be used as a framework to complement existing classes, or as a stand-alone short course or series of workshops in preparation for later partnerships.
Working with People is a partner on "The Ship's First Shape Was a Raft" project - a two-year collaboration between the New School, Washington Heights Expeditionary Learning School (WHEELS) and the Fortune Society. This is a project supported by the New School Collaboratory and the Rockefeller Foundation.
Since 2009, the critical pedagogy project "Working with People" has been developing innovative approaches toward fostering critical conversations around "civic engagement" and the pedagogy and politics of teaching and collaborating "with communities." Using a framework of critical keywords, and the juxtaposition of their multiple meanings, the project teaches workshops, hosts symposia, develops curricula, and continues to build this website of public media, always looking for new partners and new ways that this work might help spur conversations on complex issues around collaboration, community, power and difference.