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"Fecal Cocktail" for Colon Infections Due to Clostridium Difficile
February 3, 2013
by Robert Wascher
Filed under A Cancer Prevention Guide for the Human Race, Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea, Antibiotics, Clostridium Difficile, Colitis, Fecal Cocktail, Fecal Transplant, Feces, health, Infection, Pseudomembranous Colitis, Stool
Comments Off on "Fecal Cocktail" for Colon Infections Due to Clostridium Difficile
A new study finds that a "feces cocktail" may be a lifesaver for patients with
severe colon infection from the Clostridium difficile bacterium.
Warning: You may not wish to read the following article if you are currently eating….
Many of us have a bacterium known as Clostridium difficile living in our colon. As long as we remain in good health, the other bacteria that also live in our colon prevent overgrowth of Clostridium difficile. However, when the "healthy" bacteria in our colon are killed off, Clostridium difficile can begin to grow, and may result in a potentially life-threatening infection, pseudomembranous colitis. The most common cause of Clostridium difficile overgrowth is the use of antibiotics to treat other sites of infection in the body. Following decades of excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics, there has recently been an explosion in the number of cases of colitis caused by Clostridium difficile. Moreover, as with many other "super bugs," Clostridium difficile is becoming increasingly resistant to the antibiotics traditionally used to treat this bacterium.
Previously, there have been anecdotal reports of the use of suspensions of feces from "donors" to reestablish the normal, healthy bacteria in the colons of patients with colitis caused by Clostridium difficile. However, this practice has not been formally studied. Now, a newly published clinical study in the New England Journal of Medicine strongly suggests that patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis may, indeed, benefit from a "feces cocktail" from healthy donors.
In this study, 42 patients with recurrent pseudomembranous colitis were randomized to three treatment groups. The first group received the antibiotic vancomycin, followed by irrigation of their colon and the placement of "donor feces" into their small intestine through a tube passed through their nose. The second group received vancomycin, alone. The third group received vancomycin and colonic irrigation (but no "donor feces").
Because of the marked superiority of the "fecal cocktail" as a treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis, this study was actually terminated prematurely. Following a single duodenal infusion of "donor feces," 81 percent of patients experienced resolution of their pseudomembranous colitis. Of the remaining three patients with continuing diarrhea, a second infusion of "donor feces" resulted in the cure of two patients' colitis, for a total cure rate of 94 percent associated with the administration of a "fecal cocktail." By comparison, only 31 percent of patients receiving vancomycin alone experienced resolution of their colitis, and only 23 percent of the patients who received vancomycin and bowel irrigation experienced a cure of their colitis.
The findings of this small pilot study could eventually lead to a rather dramatic change in the management of severe and recurrent colon infections associated with Clostridium difficile. However, before we begin to routinely administer "fecal cocktails" to patients, larger clinical studies should be performed, and longer term follow-up should be performed, particularly to assess for the risk of infections with other types of bacteria and viruses known to be transmitted by the "fecal-oral" route. While it may not be very appealing to consider, "fecal cocktails" may offer critically ill patients with life-threatening Clostridium difficile infections a chance for cure when antibiotics fail.
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Dr. Wascher's latest video:
At this time, more than 8 percent of Americans are unemployed. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, however, the unemployment rate for veterans who served on active duty between September 2001 and December 2011 is now more than 12 percent. A new website, Veterans in Healthcare, seeks to connect veterans with potential employers. If you are a veteran who works in the healthcare field, or if you are an employer who is looking for physicians, advanced practice professionals, nurses, corpsmen/medics, or other healthcare professionals, then please take a look at Veterans in Healthcare. As a retired veteran of the U.S. Army, I would also like to personally urge you to hire a veteran whenever possible.
For a groundbreaking overview of cancer risks, and evidence-based strategies to reduce your risk of developing cancer, order your copy of my bestselling book, "A Cancer Prevention Guide for the Human Race," from Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Books-A-Million, Vroman's Bookstore, and other fine bookstores!
Within one week of publication, A Cancer Prevention Guide for the Human Race was ranked #6 among all cancer-related books on the Amazon.com "Top 100 Bestseller's List" for Kindle e-books. Within three months of publication, A Cancer Prevention Guide for the Human Race was the #1 book on the Amazon.com "Top 100 New Book Releases in Cancer" list.
Disclaimer: As always, my advice to readers is to seek the advice of your physician before making any significant changes in medications, diet, or level of physical activity
Dr. Wascher is an oncologic surgeon, professor of surgery, cancer researcher, oncology consultant, and a widely published author
I and the staff of Weekly Health Update would again like to take this opportunity to thank the more than 100,000 health-conscious people from around the world who visit this premier global health information website every month. Over the past 12 months, more than 2.4 million pages of high-quality medical research findings were served to the worldwide audience of health-conscious readers. As always, we enjoy receiving your stimulating feedback and questions, and I will continue to try and personally answer as many of your inquiries as I possibly can.


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Following the lead of airlines, some big cruise lines are moving toward the airlines' pricing philosophy: Keep the base price low, and make up the difference with fees. How this will play out is anybody's guess, but if you're considering a cruise, you need to look past the initially featured rates.
My friends at Cruise Critic (www.cruisecritic.com) recently reported that Royal Caribbean just raised the prices in its nine major-ship "premium" Chops Grille venues from $25 to $30 per person. You do, however, get to enjoy reasonably upscale dining. Less understandable are increased surcharges at the casual Mexican and Seafood venues on some other ships. Royal also instituted a fee for room service.
This latest move is "more of the same," not "Good grief - look what they're doing now!" And Royal isn't alone:
. Many giant, mass-market cruise ships now have "alternative" restaurants where you can enjoy presumably premium dining experiences for extra fees up to $45 per person per meal.
. Several lines also charge extra for "premium" entrees in their main dining areas, where food has traditionally been included in the base fee. And some even charge extra for fancy ice cream desserts.
. Although many ships provide Internet access, per-minute fees can be outrageous, and even the multi-day packages, typically $100 for 250 minutes, are incredibly high.
. Drink prices tend to be stiff, especially given that cruise lines buy tax-free liquor: typically $5 and up for a standard 12-ounce domestic beer, $8 and up for a glass of ordinary wine, and $2 for a Coke or Pepsi. Carnival and Royal are currently testing all-you-can-drink packages at around $50 a day per person (tip not included), limited to nonpremium drinks, wine, and beer. A few smaller lines also have drink packages. Normally, you'd think that drinking up $300 in a week would leave you with the mother of all headaches, but given the menu prices, you wouldn't have to overdo it to come out even. Similarly, several lines sell soft drink packages.
. You also run into the occasional oddball charge, such as Norwegian's $40 fee to store golf clubs.
Of course, some options have always been extra-costly - and usually extra expensive. All the cruise guides recommend against buying anything in a cruise line's high-priced "boutiques" and other retail outlets; they warn about high spa prices; and industry legend says that the percentage return in typical shipboard casinos is considerably worse than in Las Vegas.
There's no secret to what's going on here. The dominance of online travel agencies, with their price comparison capabilities and focus on low-price deals, has put tremendous pressure on the mass-market cruise lines to show the lowest possible base prices. That's the same pressure behind the airlines' sudden burst of fee initiatives in recent years, with the same result: Increasingly, cruise lines are carving out services and features that were formerly included in the base rates and instead pricing them as optional fees.
But there is some question as to whether the cruise lines can and will go as far as the airlines in this process. With much fanfare, in 2005, EasyCruise began operating Mediterranean/Aegean cruises on which everything but the cabin was extra, but that model seems to have failed. At present, EasyCruise seems to be dormant, and even before the hiatus, it reverted to prices that included breakfast and either lunch or dinner.
Clearly, at least so far, cruise lines have felt more consumer push-back than airlines on the proliferation of fees. You can still cruise on a mass-market line without having to shell out any extra fees - although the experience may be limited, and, even with fees, per-day costs on a cruise rival what you'd pay in a land-based resort.
But you have to be extra careful to avoid being nickel-and-dimed - or at least to budget for the nickels and dimes when you start.
email: email@example.com. Perkins' book "Business Travel When It's Your Money," is now available through www.mybusinesstravel.com or www.amazon.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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Brewup Coffee Four Pack Taster Coffee
(Purchasing Me Will Earn You 85 Taste Points! Collect & Save Up To 5% On Every Order)
Brand / Roaster: Brewup Coffee
Available: 227g whole beans only x 4
The Brewup taster pack contains all 4 varieties of their coffee, perfect for those looking for variety in taste but consistency in quality and roasting ethos.
Local Blend Wholebean Coffee Our local blend is perfectly balanced with coffee beans from Costa Rica, Colombia and Brazil. This blend has a truly smooth and balanced flavour for enjoying all day, every day. It combines mild caramelization with slight acidity to make a perfectly palatable coffee experience that ends with a lingering, slightly sweet finish.
Breakfast Blend Wholebean Coffee Our breakfast blend is perfectly balanced with coffee beans from Brazil and Honduras. This blend combines intense flavours with an energetic punch, perfect for that very first cup of Joe in the morning. To complement its robust body, the dark glistening beans brew a bold cup of coffee and release nuttiness with smoky overtones.
Italian Blend Wholebean Coffee Our Italian blend is perfectly balanced with coffee beans from Colombia, Ethiopia and Peru. This blend produces an elegant, dark brew with chocolate flavours. A royal partnership is formed between the distinctive earthy aroma and its bittersweet undertones. This provides coffee lovers with a velvety rich European taste.
Espresso Blend Wholebean Coffee Our espresso blend is perfectly balanced with coffee beans from Latin America, Colombia and Brazil. This blend is chosen with great care from only high-grown, hard-bean coffees that are dense enough to stand up to this roast. This balanced, full-bodied espresso brew a bold cup with notes of roasted nut, dark cocoa and forest fruits with a pronounced long bittersweet finish.
Giving Power To The Independents
How many businesses can you name in your local village, town or city that are independently owned? Wherever you may be located, you can be sure that there is an independent business of some sort found in your area. One of GUSTATORY's core principles is supporting and giving power to our independent coffee roasters, tea makers and brands. Here's why.
Our emphasis on positive sustainability and ethics in coffee, tea (and other drinks) production equally affirms our support for independents. Enacting change in the coffee, tea (and other drinks) industries, GUSTATORY's independent partners play as much a part in any coffee, tea or other type of drink supply chain as any farmer does at an export's origin.
GUSTATORY prides its partnerships with independents for a number of reasons, whereby their existence boosts any economy (national and local) and creates ever-so important local jobs, in addition to inspiring entrepreneurship and creativity, and playing a vital role as a hub in any local community. When independents sadly disappear, the loss is always more than just that of an open door along a high street, it is a loss to a neighbourhood's fabric. Small and independent businesses are invaluable to our high street, and so GUSTATORY hopes that you may soon want to reconsider your coffee, tea (or other drink) purchase from any multinational coffee chain or supermarket - there are plenty we could name here, but we won't - and rather, consider purchasing your beverage of choice from our diverse and innovative range of reputable coffee roasters, tea makers and brands based around the UK and Ireland.
All The Reasons We Should Support Local Independents
Beginning with entrepreneurship and creativity, how amazing is it that one family's entire income (and any staff which they may hire) relies solely on your support as a paying customer? Quite literally a reflection of the people behind the independent, they are all full of authenticity and originality, and bear plenty of risk and challenges along the way. Independent coffee roasters, tea makers and brands ought to be respected, without doubt, as their achievements are no small undertakings. Fundamentally, GUSTATORY hopes to support the pursuit of their dreams, whatever they may be.
Almost always run by local people with no stockholders or boardrooms in sight, the attention to care and quality with which they strive to deliver to you ought to be admired. Local independents respect you as a paying customer and you should respect their diligence and unwavering commitment to innovation. Its a two-way relationship. Striving to do more and ensure every cup is as good as the last, the customer service experience is entirely unique with every independent and is a feature that we feel non-independent chain alternatives struggle to recreate.
And finally, an independent's effect on any neighbourhood; their existence is sure to add character, uniqueness and soul to any high street, adding to what is known as a place's fabric. Having real effect on communities and generations, an independent's presence is sure to be felt by many people beyond their own four walls. An independent business is almost like a home. With reference to the aforementioned creativity, on both a product and bricks and mortar level, how refreshing is it to see someone's pure creativity, depth and variety on display, rather than a standardised product in what is seemingly becoming an increasingly homogenised world? We think that is pretty damn refreshing.
Direct Deliveries From Our Independent Beverage Makers
Shopping on the GUSTATORY marketplace is really easy and all fulfilment and deliveries are done directly by each of our independent coffee roasters, tea makers or brands. We want the opening of your delivered package to be an experience, so what better way to start than to receive your item(s) accompanied with all the thoughtful branding which our partners supply; by shopping at GUSTATORY you are directly supporting our trusted independent coffee roasters, tea makers and brands, and for this we say thank you.
With only a single checkout (or guest) account required for all your coffee, tea or other drinks selection(s), as well as only needing to pay once for all associated delivery costs, regardless of how many unique partners you decide to shop from within your basket, shopping with GUSTATORY could not be easier. Our coffee roasters, tea makers and brands are spread out across the UK and Ireland, and beyond, and each has their own domestic and international shipping costs. As such, the cost of shipping from each partner is applied and highlighted for your product selection(s) in both your basket and at the point of checkout, at which point you are able to clearly see the itemised delivery costs associated with each partner you have chosen to purchase from. Offering the same free delivery thresholds as if you were shopping direct, and never including any misleading hidden shipping costs in any product's price, GUSTATORY is ethical, clear and easy.
Unique to coffee, each speciality coffee and independent coffee roaster generally roasts their produce on a specific set day(s) of the week to ensure that the coffee you receive is as fresh as possible. These days are highlighted on every product and respective roaster storefront for you to easily understand. Your purchase(s) will be shipped immediately after these given days of the week, and should your basket include coffee from two or more different independent coffee roasters, please expect that it is likely that your purchase(s) may arrive on different days; if you purchase from one roaster only, you should receive everything within a single delivery. Due to this, GUSTATORY cannot guarantee the immediate delivery of your coffee purchase(s), however, please be safe in the knowledge that shipping will be made direct from the independent coffee roaster(s) after their next earliest roasting date.
For all purchases, you will be notified via email at all stages of the checkout process when your order is confirmed as successful. If you choose to checkout via one of our alternative payment options of PayPal, Google Pay or Apple Pay, you may also receive a second confirmation email (please check your junk email folder). All taxes are included in the shipping costs of a domestic delivery address, however, international delivery addresses may also be subject to additional import taxes upon receipt.
Coffee Deliveries By Subscription
If you are a subscriber to GUSTATORY's speciality coffee and cold brew subscriptions, all deliveries are made direct from GUSTATORY, where we curate and manage all our subscriber's packages in-house to ensure package quality, variety and organisation. All coffee box subscriptions are dispatched each month's first Monday to ensure coffee freshness from all our UK and international coffee roasters (all subscribers are consolidated into the same dispatch period irrespective of payment cycles), arriving within secured 100% recycled wrapping and tape. Enjoy FREE UK delivery on all our coffee box subscriptions, with the following shipping costs for international customers:
Did you know that typical subscription coffee boxes are oversized and (often) wasteful, inside and out? We don't like this fact and because the old ways are often the best ways, we've gone old-school. Reigniting the authenticity in carrying your grocery home in paper bags, each of GUSTATORY's coffee box subscriptions arrive 100% environmentally-safe, 100% cool. Besides, who ever said a 'coffee club' or 'coffee box' has to be an actual box anyway? Yes, 'box' is in the name, but let's not draw on the literal, let's focus on the beneficial. A range of informational leaflets/media are also included from ourselves and the roasters, if supplied, and we occasionally throw in freebies from related brands across the GUSTATORY marketplace, it's our treat! We're different to other coffee box subscriptions, for the better.
For you to easily manage your subscription's deliveries, you have access to your marketplace account's Subscription Portal. From within here, you have complete control over your subscriptions, and should you ever wish to amend, pause or cancel the package you are subscribed to, you may easily do so. With the ability to also see your payment schedule in a calendar format, as well as easily amend your payment method, we hope subscribing is as easy as receiving your next subscription package through your door.
One Standard Returns Policy
In addition to our easy delivery options, GUSTATORY also operates one standard returns policy that is represented by all our independent coffee roasters, tea makers and brands. Our absolute priority is for our customers to receive their quality coffee, tea or other type of drink, however, due to the nature of such beverages being a consumable good with a set shelf-life, GUSTATORY can only accept returns and process refunds on purchases which have been either damaged in some way, are faulty or not in accordance with our partner's product listing. You are entitled to a cooling-off period of 14 days after dispatch within which you are eligible to return your item(s) for a full refund should your purchase(s) fall into any one of these three categories. All consumable items need to be returned at your own cost and GUSTATORY cannot offer any return-postage contributions. To begin the process, please contact our customer service team, and we will make suitable arrangements.
For non-consumable goods such as drinkware and accessories, GUSTATORY can accept returns and offer a full refund on either unwanted or faulty products for a period of 28 days after dispatch. If you wish to return any purchased item(s), you have a duty to keep them in your possession and to take reasonable care until they are returned. All items must be returned in their original packaging, complete with any branding material or promotional products which may have been also supplied in order for the return to be successfully processed. To begin the process, please contact our customer service team, and hopefully, we can make the returns process as hassle-free as possible. Please note that all non-consumable items need to also be returned at your own cost and GUSTATORY cannot offer any return-postage contributions. If you are seeking replacement for faulty items, the replacement item(s) will be shipped at no additional cost.
For both consumable and non-consumable items, GUSTATORY recommends that you return them via Royal Mail and that you have sufficient insurance cover. Neither GUSTATORY or our independent coffee roasters, tea makers or brands can accept liability for items lost or damaged in return-post.
Just how all fulfilment and deliveries are done directly by each of our partners, for the successful return-processing of any item(s), each must be shipped directly to the address of the respective independent coffee roaster, tea maker or brand (which our customer service team can provide) and not to GUSTATORY ourselves. A returns assessment will then be undertaken by the respective independent coffee roaster, tea maker or brand. Whilst faulty or damaged consumable goods may be more obvious for an assessor to analyse, item(s) which you believe are not described as per the roaster's, tea maker's or brand's product listing will require the content's packaging to be completely unopened to be accepted for an assessment. Quality control matters.
Order Cancellations
If you change your mind after placing an order with GUSTATORY, you may cancel it at any time before the item(s) are dispatched by their respective independent coffee roaster, tea maker or brand. Please contact our customer service team immediately to help us make suitable arrangements, letting us know your name, address details and order number to cancel your order. Unfortunately, orders cannot be cancelled if dispatch has already occurred, and therefore, letting us know as soon as you can is in your best interest. For recurring subscriptions, these may be cancelled at any time via the same method of communication.
Should you be a subscriber to any of our subscription services and a recurring payment unfortunately fails, GUSTATORY will attempt to take re-payment from the nominated card after a few days grace, and should this fail again, our customer service team will be in touch with you to help resolve the issue. Please note that no service to which you are subscribed will be fulfilled on your behalf until payment is successful.
Understand Which Coffee Brewing Method Is Best For You
There are seven different types of coffee brewing methods available for making your own coffee drink at home or work, and as recommended, each will give better results by using coffee specifically roasted and ground to your preferred method. Such coffees can be purchased from all our speciality and independent coffee roasters on the GUSTATORY marketplace, or can be available by coffee subscription. The fundamentals of coffee brewing are coffee wholebeans, which, as the term suggests, is coffee beans supplied in their most whole form. Whether you like to grind your own coffee beans or prefer to purchase coffee that has been pre-ground, we want to make sure you are aware of the differences in brewing methods to help you ultimately become your own coffee connoisseur.
The resulting granule size after coffee grinding is the determining factor between grind types, and across the spectrum there are grind sizes better suited for each brewing method. The seven brewing methods are cafetière (French Press), filter (Pour Over and by machine), Aeropress, stovetop, espresso and capsule, and below you can find our useful guidance for each. Enjoy...
Wholebeans. Grinding Your Own Coffee
Purchasing wholebeans is perfect for those looking to keep their options open and do their own thing. As coffee beans react to air contact, buying wholebeans also gives you a longer period during which to use the coffee as it retains its freshness for a longer period.
For those looking to buy wholebeans, there are two types of grinder available: grinders with a blade or grinders with a burr. The former essentially cuts down every bean into smaller sizes, although this method will lead to inconsistencies in the size of the ground particles. The second method has two cutting discs (burrs) and can be set to ground the coffee beans to a specific or required size, resulting in a consistent particle size throughout. For espresso coffee, we recommend using a burr grinder. As there are a number of dual purpose grinders available, finding one that can do espresso and filter is recommended, just be sure to check with your grinders instructions before usage to ensure you get the required grind type.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of coffees available as wholebeans on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
Filter Coffee Brewing Methods
The Cafetière (French Press)
Arguably the most common method of converting your ground coffee into a delicious coffee brew, the cafetiere - or French Press - is an inexpensive cylinder with a simple filtering plunger. More precisely known as an 'infusion brewer', the cafetière allows ground coffee particles to infuse with water and in doing so creates a consistent taste. Unbeknown to most, the plunger's metal mesh has holes tactically sized to allow some of the coffee grind to find passage into your cup to give a richer body taste. Its simple design, however, can lead a sludge residue developing at the bottom of the cafetiere and so it is worth bearing that in mind. Oh and hear it from us, it really isn't worth tasting this, its rather unpleasant.
For this method, we recommend using very fine to medium coffee grinds. To produce your coffee via this method, simply use the ratio of 75g worth of coffee grind to 1 litre of water, adding both into the cafetière simultaneously. Let the coffee mix with the water for around five minutes to allow the particles to sink to the bottom and then add the mesh plunger onto the cafetière. Do not plunger the coffee at this stage, instead allow the coffee to pour through the mesh into your cup; the plunger is used to keep the sludge at the bottom after your first pour. And finally, enjoy.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of coffees perfect for a cafetière (French Press) on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
Filter (Pour Over)
As the name suggests, the Pour Over quite literally relates to the process of pouring water over coffee. Brewing by percolation, this method requires a filter to be positioned between the ground coffee and the water, often a detachable and reusable component to your coffee kettle. Popular Pour Over devices and their brands include the Hario V60, Kalita Wave 155 and Chemex (all products), amongst others.
Using this method of brewing, the coffee to water ratio is particularly important, as is the speed at which you introduce water to the coffee. Three variables affect the quality of your coffee: the fineness of the coffee grind, the contact time of water to coffee and the amount of coffee being used. The fineness of the coffee particles affects how the particles move through the water, as well as how slowly the water can percolate itself through the coffee mix. The contact time relates to how slowly you add the water; we advise pouring the water slowly in order to elongate this part of the process. Finally, the amount of coffee used will, of course, affect contact time as the more coffee there is, the longer it will take to mix with the water.
To produce your coffee via this method, simply use a ratio of 60g worth of coffee grind to 1 litre of water - we recommend using medium coffee grinds. First, lightly rinse your filter and position this within the brewer that you place on top of your cup. Next, add your coffee into the filter; it is common practice to add a little bit of temperate water to the coffee at this stage to get all the particles wet prior to introducing hot water, leaving this in the kettle until required. Such a practice is called 'bloom' and prevents the coffee from becoming sludgy with the hot water. Next, slowly pour the hot water directly over the coffee (not the sides of the filter). Add enough water until there is just 1 centimetre worth of space left unused around the rim of the filter, watch and let the water drip through into the cup. After all the water has been used up, remove the filter and enjoy.
A note on the different types of filter, these are available in either cloth, paper or metallic material, and each has a slightly different effect on the final brew. Paper is undoubtedly the most common material and provides the cleanest of brews possible as it is able to strain all the oils and coffee particles. Cloth is the oldest method, with the fabric's holes' sizes allowing oils to pass through to give a fuller-bodied tasting brew. The re-usage of cloth can sometimes be an issue as the entire process depends on how well you pre-cleaned the cloth during preparation time. Lastly, metal is probably the most reusable, although the least authentic.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of coffees perfect for filter (Pour Over) on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
Filter (Electric Machine)
In addition to the above filter method, filter coffee can also be made by electric machine. Whether you simply don't have the time to brew in the morning or if you're looking for a certain consistency with each and every cup, we won't judge you for going electric - all methods have their time and place. Without much complication or hassle, you can have your roasted coffee in no time. However, it is worth noting that for many, electric filter machines are considered inferior to the methods discussed above. This is simply down to the temperatures required to properly brew coffee and the fact that these electric filter machines are generally considered inadequate in terms of brewing functionality.
To produce your coffee via this method, follow the ratio of 60g worth of coffee grind to 1 litre of water, much like you would if you were manually filtering your coffee using a pour over; medium grinds are also preferable here. Brewing using this method is very simple and as easy as placing the filter paper inside the machine's holder, adding the recommended coffee amount into the filter and adding cold water to the machine's water tank, all before closing the machine's lids, switching the button on and watching as the water heats up and begins to filter through the coffee filter into the cup beneath. Afterwards, be sure to discard the filter as these are only one-time usage, before finally enjoying your coffee.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of coffees perfect for a filter machine on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
Perhaps one of the more unusual methods of coffee brewing, the Aeropress is widely held to be one of the cleanest brewing methods. Often easily transportable, this method is also for the keener coffee makers amongst us who wish to achieve quality coffee outside of the home, wherever they may be. The Aeropress can essentially be considered a combination of a cafetière and a filter brewer. The main advantage of an Aeropress is its ability to produce a vast variety of coffee types, though we'd recommend against trying to make an espresso coffee.
Depending on which coffee type you're intending to make, to produce a short and strong coffee via this method, simply use the ratio of 100g worth of coffee grind to 1 litre of water. Or, for a more regular cup of coffee, use 75g worth of coffee grind to 1 litre of water. In general terms, the coarser the coffee particles, the longer you should take in brewing your coffee. First, add your filter paper to the Aeropress filter holder and pass some hot water through, prior to adding any coffee, in order to prepare the brewer. Next add the coffee grind into the filter, followed by hot water straight after. Afterwards, stir the mixture together and begin introducing the pressure-piston into the top of the Aeropress' opening without applying any pressure; this will create a vacuum within the Aeropress to prevent any coffee drippage. Leave the coffee and water to mix for one minute before then placing pressure down on the pressure-piston to force the coffee to drip out of the filter chamber and into your coffee cup. Pushing harder will speed up the brew time as well as also extract more from your coffee due to the additional pressure being applied. Upon completion of one full plunge, we recommend releasing the pressure-piston slightly to recreate a vacuum within to prevent any further coffee drippage. Finally, remove the Aeropress, discard all coffee wastage and enjoy.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of coffees perfect for an Aeropress on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
Espresso Coffee Brewing Methods
The stovetop is one of earliest methods of brewing coffee, which really adds an element of authenticity to the experience of home coffee brewing - Bialetti are perhaps the leading stovetop brand. That said, the stovetop isn't known for being the easiest of methods nor the one the provides the most consistency. Perfect for making espresso coffee, the coffee produced by a stovetop is almost always very strong and quite bitter; the latter characteristic is fundamentally due to the extreme heat which you apply to the coffee. One benefit, though, is that due to the coffee to water ratio required, brew time is quite fast.
The stovetop comes in three components: the pot's middle basket (and tube) is used to house the coffee grind, the bottom chamber the hot water, with the top chamber being reserved for your resulting mixture - your consumable coffee. To produce your coffee via this method, simply use the ratio of 200g worth of coffee grind to 1 litre of water. We recommend that you use either very fine or fine coffee grinds. Begin by adding the hot water to the bottom chamber up to the point of the safety valve. Next, add the coffee grind into the middle basket and then screw this component in place on top of the water chamber, ensuring that the gasket is carefully sealed in place. Next, place the stovetop onto your stove and heat on a medium-ish temperature. The hot water from the lower chamber will begin to rise up through the interconnecting tube as the steam begins create pressure; the hotter the temperature you set, the more pressure that is built up and so the quicker the brewing process. Watch as coffee liquid then begins to creep up through the tube and drip down into the previously-empty top chamber. Should you ever hear the stovetop making a struggling sound, this is the time in which you remove the stovetop from the heat; the water has likely all passed through and nothing remains in the bottom chamber. Finally, run the stovetop under a cold tap, ensuring that the cold water passes over the bottom chamber to re-condense the steam and reduce the built-up pressure within. Then simply enjoy.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of coffees perfect for a stovetop on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
Espresso Machine
The espresso machine is generally considered the best way to home brew your coffee, reflected by the fact that there is a typically a premium on espresso when compared with the price of other filter coffee types. Leading espresso machine brands include Sage and Gaggia, amongst others.
As previously mentioned, the fineness of a coffee grind affects the easibility of brewing, however, when you use very fine grinds, gravity alone can often not be enough to push the water through the coffee mix, which is why espresso was invented; the name 'espresso' derives from the improved speed which this method can provide. Espresso machines essentially create extreme pressures within their system to better force water through coffee.
Also associated with such a coffee-type is the term 'crema'. This is the additional layer of dense foam that is produced on the top of any espresso coffee. Such a layer exists due to the espresso's pressures forcing the water to dissolve more carbon dioxide. Upon coming out of the machine into room temperature, it becomes a bubbly foam layer. Beyond being aesthetically pleasing on any coffee cup, it actually signifies the freshness of a coffee grind; if the coffee grind wasn't so fresh, there would be less carbon dioxide and therefore this layer wouldn't exist so much. The darkness of the foam layer also reflects the strength of the coffee.
Whilst we can give you a basic understanding of the espresso process, it is a difficult technique to master so getting some first hand guidance from your local roaster is advised. In any case, lets talk through the process. Firstly, add ground coffee to a handled container that contains a super-fine filter on it's base. Next compress the coffee down - this is called 'tamping' - into the container. The combination is then affixed into place in the espresso machine through activation of the machine's pressure system. The machine will then begin to work as it pumps a specific amount of hot water through the coffee container, dripping out into a cup placed beneath. Based on your skill level, some machines will be easy to understand and use, whilst others will allow you to nicely tailor your coffee brew.
Given all the variables which can come into play with this method, as you will find out at any barista school, there can be many ratios of coffee to water to produce all the different types of coffee. In addition to the aforementioned basic technique, we can offer a few other insights into the espresso method. Firstly, proper tamping requires a completely clean container, free of any oils or grind residue. For precise coffee brewing, weighing your coffee is almost always an essential here. In addition, the way in which you see establishments flush steam through the espresso nozzle isn't just for show, it is to help clean this machine component, as well as to ensure that the machine-to-room temperature gradient can be realised for that all-important crema. The critical element to this method is understanding the ratio of water to coffee. Master this and you will be able to make some very delicious espresso coffees.
Due to the fact that espresso is quite different to any of the other methods previously described, it is essential that you purchase coffee beans suitable for espresso brewing; roasters almost always tailor their roasting procedure to create espresso-specific coffee grinds. Be sure to have fun experimenting and we hope it leads to some great results!
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of coffees perfect for espresso on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
Capsule Coffee Brewing Method
The capsule brewing method requires a capsule machine and instructions will vary depending on which machine you're using. Therefore, we simply recommend that you refer to the machine-relevant instructions for brewing advice. Typically, to produce your coffee via this method, one capsule creates one coffee and the amount of water necessary will depend on the size of the chamber that your machine can hold. The coffee produced should be consistent each time due to the machine having minimal factors that can cause variance. The capsule method can be a good place to start for novice's just starting out their home coffee brewing experience due to the simplicity that the capsule and machine can provide. The main drawback to such a brewing method, however, is the lack of independent roasters that produce their coffee grinds in capsule format. That being said, we're forever on the hunt and so can promise to keep you well topped up with our capsule subscription service.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of quality capsule coffees on the marketplace, or subscribe to a GUSTATORY coffee box subscription.
The Six Different Tea Types
Rather surprisingly, all teas - white, green, oolong, Pu'erh, herbal and black - are made using leaves of the same plant species. Whilst there are a number of varietals of the Camellia sinensis plant, as well as a range of climates, topographies and soils in which it is grown, the processing of leaves is what has led to the development of the diverse array of tea that we know and love.
White Teas
Of all the teas, white teas are the least processed. As they are not crushed or rolled during processing, their flavours and aromas are particularly delicate and light on the palette, as well also, possessing the least amount of caffeine of all teas. White tea from the proper varietal and grown in the correct place is known as Silver Needle and is considered by many to be the gold standard. There are number of other types of white tea, such as White Peony, Tribute Eyebrow and Long Life Eyebrow, all of which hail from Fujian Province, China.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of white teas.
Green Teas
Green tea, whilst presenting a more notable flavour to the palette than white tea, is more astringent and subtler than oolong or black tea. This is due to the the bypass of oxidation that allows green tea to retain most of its natural dark green color, tannins, vitamin C, chlorophyll and minerals, all of which contributes to its flavour profile. Whilst Sencha is most well-known and widely consumed, there are a number of different varieties of green tea so be sure to try them all!
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of green teas.
Oolong Teas
Oolong teas are halfway house between green and black tea as they undergo a process of semi–oxidation. This leads to the development of the body and complexity of a black tea, whilst retaining the brightness and freshness found in green teas - mmm, delectable. Da Hong Pao is considered to be the gold standard of oolong teas, although there are a number of other varieties along the spectrum that provide a host of interesting flavours.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of oolong teas.
Black Teas
Black teas are considered to be the most popular teas in the Western world and, by definition, are those that have been fully oxidized. Although called black tea, the resultant cup is a more reddish brown to an intense dark brown – perhaps it has something to do with the fact that Brown tea doesn't sound particularly appetising…
Black tea is grown and processed all over the world in varying geographies and climates, with some of the largest producers of black tea being India, Sri Lanka and Africa. In fact, half of the world's tea production comes from India, the home of Assam and Darjeeling.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of black teas.
Pu'erh Teas
Pu'erh teas are those that are aged and fermented, much like a fine wine. For it to be a true Pu'erh tea, it has to origin from the Yunnan province in China. To truly appreciate this tea, a degree of knowledge and connoisseurship is advised as this will further enhancing your experience. Although now more widely appreciated across the world, Pu'erh teas for many years were revered for the medicinal benefits in China, which range from curing hangovers to reducing cholesterol.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of Pu'erh teas.
Herbal Teas
Herbal teas are not true teas (we aren't being mean, they simply do not come from the Camellia sinensis plant). Instead, these teas are infusions and are a blend of various leaves, fruits, bark, roots, or flowers belonging to almost any edible, non-tea plant. As they can be created from almost any combination of natural ingredients, the variety of flavours and health benefits within herbal teas are almost endless.
Discover GUSTATORY's curated collection of herbal teas.
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President Obama's health care law is putting new strains on some of the nation's most hard-pressed hospitals, by cutting aid they use to pay for emergency care for illegal immigrants, which they have long been required to provide.
The federal government has been spending $20 billion annually to reimburse these hospitals — most in poor urban and rural areas — for treating more than their share of the uninsured, including illegal immigrants. The health care law will eventually cut that money in half, based on the premise that fewer people will lack insurance after the law takes effect.
But the estimated 11 million people now living illegally in the United States are not covered by the health care law. Its sponsors, seeking to sidestep the contentious debate over immigration, excluded them from the law's benefits.
As a result, so-called safety-net hospitals said the cuts would deal a severe blow to their finances.
The hospitals are coming under this pressure because many of their uninsured patients are illegal immigrants, and because their large pools of uninsured or poorly insured patients are not expected to be reduced significantly under the Affordable Care Act, even as federal aid shrinks.
The hospitals range from prominent public ones, like Bellevue Hospital Center in Manhattan, to neighborhood mainstays like Lutheran Medical Center in Brooklyn and Scripps Mercy Hospital in San Diego. They include small rural outposts like Othello Community Hospital in Washington State, which receives a steady flow of farmworkers who live in the country illegally.
No matter where they are, all hospitals are obliged under federal law to treat anyone who arrives at the emergency room, regardless of their immigration status.
"That's the 800-pound gorilla in the room, and not just in New York — in Texas, in California, in Florida," Lutheran's chief executive, Wendy Z. Goldstein, said.
Lutheran Medical Center is in the Sunset Park neighborhood, where low-wage earning Chinese and Latino communities converge near an expressway. Hospitals are not allowed to record patients' immigration status, but Ms. Goldstein estimated that 20 percent of its patients were what she called "the undocumented — not only uninsured, but uninsurable."
She said Congressional staff members acknowledged that the health care law would scale back the money that helps pay for emergency care for such patients, but were reluctant to tackle the issue.
"I was told in Washington that they understand that this is a problem, but immigration is just too hot to touch," she said.
The Affordable Care Act sets up state exchanges to reduce the cost of commercial health insurance, but people must prove citizenship or legal immigration status to take part. They must show similar documentation to apply for Medicaid benefits that are expanded under the law.
The act did call for increasing a little-known national network of 1,200 community health centers that provide primary care to the needy, regardless of their immigration status. But that plan, which could potentially steer more of the uninsured away from costly hospital care, was curtailed by Congressional budget cuts last year.
That leaves hospitals like Lutheran, which is nonprofit and has run a string of such primary care centers for 40 years, facing cuts at both ends.
On a recent weekday in Lutheran's emergency room, a Chinese mother of two stared sadly through the porthole of an isolation unit. The woman had active tuberculosis and needed surgery to drain fluid from one lung, said Josh Liu, a patient liaison.
The disease had been discovered during a checkup at one of Lutheran's primary care centers, where the sliding scale fee starts at $15. But the woman, an illegal immigrant, had no way to pay for the surgery.
Another patient, a gaunt 44-year-old man from Ecuador, had been in New York eight years, installing wood floors, one in Rockefeller Center. The man had been afraid to seek care because he feared deportation. Finally, the pain in his stomach was too much to bear.
Dr. Daniel J. Giaccio, leading the residents on their rounds, used the notches on the man's worn belt to underscore his diagnosis, severe B-12 deficiency anemia. The woodworker had lost 30 pounds in a month, and his hands and feet were numb. Reversing the damage could take months.
"This is a severe case of sensory loss," Dr. Giaccio said. "Usually we pick it up much sooner."
In some states, including New York, hospitals caring for illegal immigrants in life-threatening situations can seek payment case by case, from a program known as emergency Medicaid. But the program has many restrictions and will not make up for the cuts in the $20 billion pool, hospital executives said.
Groups that favor more restrictive immigration policies said they agreed that the cuts in the $20 billion fund were a burden. They said hospitals obviously had a duty to provide emergency care for everybody, including illegal immigrants.
"I kind of like living in a society where we don't let people die on the steps of the emergency room," said Mark Krikorian, the executive director of one such group, the Center for Immigration Studies in Washington.
But he said the answer lay in enforcing laws, so that illegal immigrants leave the country, not in extending health coverage.
"There is no ideal resolution to the problem, other than reducing the illegal population," he said. "Incorporating illegal immigrants into health exchanges or directly taxpayer-funded health care legitimizes their presence."
The Obama administration said the Affordable Care Act supported safety-net hospitals in other ways, pointing to measures that raise payments for primary care and give bonuses for improvements in quality.
"We are taking important steps to make health care more affordable and accessible for millions of Americans," Erin Shields Britt, a spokeswoman for the Department of Health and Human Services, said in an e-mail. "Health reform isn't the place to fix our broken immigration system."
With illegal immigration an issue in the presidential campaign, many politicians continue to steer clear of addressing the cuts.
Hospitals in New York State now receive $2.84 billion of the nation's $20 billion in so-called disproportionate share hospital payments.
Those payments start shrinking in 2014 under the law, and drop to $10 billion by 2019.
"It is a difficult time to really advocate around this issue, because there is so much antipathy against new immigrants," said Alan Aviles, president and chief executive of the Health and Hospitals Corporation.
The corporation runs New York City's public hospitals, which treated 480,000 uninsured patients last year, an estimated 40 percent of them illegal immigrants. The same worries haunt tiny Othello Community Hospital, in Washington state's rural Adams County, where it is the only hospital for miles around.
Last year, the state began requiring that participants in a basic health plan prove that they are citizens or legal residents.
As a consequence, 4,000 out of the 4,400 patients at the nearby primary care center, mostly immigrant farmworkers, lost their coverage, leaving Othello more financially vulnerable when those people need emergency care.
In Central California, Harry Foster, director of the Family HealthCare Network, another primary care center, called the Affordable Care Act "a double-edged sword."
Many low-wage earning citizens now lack employer-sponsored health insurance, and the health care industry is already competing for those who will gain coverage through the law. But no one is competing to treat those it leaves out, he said.
"We will receive more and more of those patients," he said, estimating that 40 percent of the area's residents were illegal immigrant farmworkers. "But financially, we can't take on all the uninsured patients in the area, to the exclusion of all the others, and survive."
In many ways Lutheran, a century-old hospital that refurbished a defunct factory to serve as its hub in the 1960s, has been a prototype of the law's new model: coordinating primary and preventive care to improve health outcomes while curbing costs. Yet it stands to lose $25 million from the cuts.
"This is an unintended consequence of the law," said Ms. Goldstein, the hospital's chief executive. "But so far, nobody is doing anything to resolve it."


text:
Mesa gave up 14 runs in the first two innings and would up losing to Surprise 16-10. The Cub's prospects did ok for themselves as Javier Baez connected on his third home run of the AFL season. He ended the night 1-for-4 with three RBIs and two runs scored. Matt Szczur led off and went 1-for-4 with a run scored and two RBIs. Tony Zych was the only Cubs pitcher to have an appearance allowing one run on two hits in one inning of work.
Thanks for Reading,


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So this has been out for nearly a week now and its pretty great. I really love the detail in the backgrounds as it makes the planet feel alive. The parry system however feels overused to the point where my normal beam feels nearly useless without it.
Metroid Samus Returns
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Liana1 necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 210 diseños de 61 diseñadores freelance.
A.F. Cakes
Amanda is a young, up and coming cake designer and pastry chef who is so busy she is ready to take her business to the next level. She loves to take on projects with unique cake designs because it creates a never-to-be-forgotten experience for the recipient.
For Amanda, cakes are not just dessert, they are a work of art.
Anyone who wants a unique custom cake experience! Specifically, she is asked to create a lot of wedding and birthday cakes. So her main audience is Brides-to-be, grooms to be plus everyone else.
The logo should be fun, abstract and definitely something artistic. When I make cakes I look at them more as though they are a work of art rather than a just a cake.
Suggestion: maybe instead of drawing a decorated cake for example, the logo could be just an outline or sketch of a cake.
Color: Attached is a DRAFT Mockup of the home page to show you colors only as a reference only.
We only want SOME color in the logo, not too much. so it would be nice to have some colour in the logo but not too much. Please incorporate SILVER into the logo.
Font: Writing should have some movement on the page so: curls, offset letters or words, calligraphy, handwriting etc.
Thank you and we look forward to reviewing and commenting on your designs!
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


text: MetaGeek has just finished a big update to Eye P.A. that gives it the ability to capture packets natively using a Linksys AE2500 WiFi adapter (and a few others). With the EOL of AirPcap we knew we needed a reliable solution for Eye P.A. users. This adapter captures 802.11 a/b/g/n packets. If you have any questions or want to check it out, feel free to send me a message. For more information check out the product page at https://www.metageek.com/products/eye-pa/


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Dear Lazy Environmentalist,
Where can a cash-strapped, eco-minded soul find good gifts?
This holiday season budget-minded, lazy environmentalists can do some serious gift shopping without going to great lengths, spending a lot of cash, or pumping up their carbon footprint. Several green gift-giving strategies will help you find presents that will bring smiles to your friends and loved ones without compromising the planet or your wallet.
Go digital
Your iPhone, smart phone, PC or apple computer can do double-duty as a digital e-book reader. While Lazy Environmentalist books are always printed on recycled paper, most publishers have yet to make the switch from virgin paper sources. So instead of chopping down trees just to have something nice to read, download eReader's free reader software and then download books from the eReader.com and enjoy them wherever and whenever you like. eReader also works on recent versions of iPods, and eReader.com's Rewards Program helps you save 15% or more on the cost of book purchases. Giving digital books as gifts is good for the mind, good for the wallet, and good for the planet.
Zinio will take you and your loved ones into the age of digital magazine subscriptions and also reduce the need for all that paper. At Zinio.com you can subscribe to more than 500 titles, like BusinessWeek, Cosmopolitan, Car & Driver, Men's Health, Dwell, Outside, and Yoga Journal. Download the Zinio Reader and read the magazines on your computer or access your subscriptions online from any computer at Zinio.com. iPhone owners get to access entire magazines through their phones. Zinio's recent partnership with Barnes & Noble lets you find great deals on digital magazine subscriptions which are available directly through BN.com.
Buy refurbished
If these digital possibilities have you amped about giving some new electronics as gifts, do your wallet and the planet a favor by looking into refurbished items. These are usually products that were returned to stores within 30 days of purchase, had damaged packaging or a slight cosmetic defect, were used as in-store display items, or were simply overstocked. Many are still covered by their original warranties. And before they can be resold in the marketplace they go through rigorous defect testing. Best of all, they frequently sell for less than 50 percent of the retail price. Online shops like Dyscern.com, Secondact.com, and Refurbdepot.com offer deals on everything from refurbished iPods and Blackberries to name-brand computers and flat-screen televisions.
Swap goods
An excellent way to get your hands on terrific merchandise at bargain prices without consuming new products (which, of course, raises your carbon footprint) is to enter the world of online swapping and trading communities. For example, gamers will love Goozex.com, an online community featuring more than 2,400 of the most advanced and feature-rich video games that members are willing to trade with one another. So instead of spending lots of money on new games, Goozex charges you just $1 each time you receive a game from another Goozex member. Whether you're partial to Xbox, Wii, Nintendo, or other gaming platforms, the Goozex online trading community has got games for you. Gift them to your friends, enjoy them together, and then trade them again for new games whenever you like. Other swapping and trading sites to explore are Swapadvd.com for DVDs, Zwaggle.com for baby goods, and Swapstyle.com for designer fashion.
Excerpted from Josh Dorfman's latest book, The Lazy Environmentalist on a Budget.
Got a question? Submit a question to Mother Nature and one of our many experts will track down the answer. Plus: Visit our advice archives to see if your question has already been tackled.
Photo: swapstyle.com


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Public Health Alert
City of Marietta Remains Open for Business
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Telecommunication Towers
Telecommunication towers are permitted, pursuant to those additional restrictions listed herein, in zoning districts including:
Central business district (CBD)
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Office services (OS)
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Special Land Use Permit
A special land use permit granted by City Council shall be required for the construction of all new communications towers within the city limits after the specific factors are reviewed.
All permit applications submitted to the Planning and Zoning Division shall include a complete inventory of the applicant's existing towers and receiver/transmitters located within Cobb County including each asset's location, height and co-location usage or capabilities.
The Planning and Zoning Division shall utilize such information to promote co-location alternatives for other applicants.
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text: A Blue View is a weekly perspective on the life aquatic, hosted by National Aquarium CEO John Racanelli. From the smallest plants and animals invisible to the human eye to entire ecosystems, every living thing depends on and is intricately linked by water. Tune in to 88.1 WYPR every Tuesday at 5:45 pm as John brings to the surface important issues and fascinating discoveries making waves in the world today. June 12, 2013: Explore the Shore Click here to listen to John discuss the importance of responsibly enjoying the shore! Whether boating, fishing, or just walking along the sandy shore, spending time on the water is a classic summer pastime. For many of us, these visits are an opportunity to explore. From birds, crabs, and fish, to the occasional dolphin and seal sighting, an amazing diversity of life lives in harmony along the shore. It is critical, though, as many of us make our way to the water, that we take responsibility for the ways that our actions impact the environment. When we get too close to certain wildlife, for example, we can unintentionally cause a nest failure or force an animal to flee, putting its survival at risk. Never feed wildlife, not even the bread scraps from your beach picnic, and avoid sensitive sand dunes by sticking to walkways. And when boating, obey posted speed limits and slow down while motoring through shallow waterways. Respect these natural habitats by observing wildlife from a distance—close enough to appreciate the beauty of these incredible ecosystems but far enough away to leave wildlife and plants undisturbed. It's also essential to dispose of trash properly. Every summer, people leave their footprints—and a whole lot of trash—along our coasts. From fishing line to plastic bags, our throwaways can throw our oceans into turmoil if we don't dispose of these materials responsibly. Fishing line is particularly dangerous to animals. Wildlife often eat or become entangled in monofilament line, which is practically invisible. One unfortunate sea turtle was found with an astounding 590 feet of fishing line in his gut. One study showed that more than 50 percent of sea turtles stranded on a beach contained traces of debris in their digestive tracts. Sixty-five percent of those animals had ingested plastic bags, and it's no wonder: the U.S. International Trade Commission reported that 102 billion plastic bags were used in the United States in 2008 alone—that's a bag a day for every woman, man and child. Though there are many statistics citing the numbers of animals that die as a result of marine debris each year—one estimate in fact is 100,000 marine mammals and millions of birds and fishes—this area of study is evolving. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Marine Debris Program is taking essential strides in supporting efforts to research, prevent, and reduce the impacts of marine debris, but it's clear that we can't afford to wait to take action. The bottom line is that even one piece of garbage on the beach is one too many. This year, think about your impacts as you pack for your day at the beach. A great place to start is reusable goods. It's often windy by the shore, so keep your trash and belongings from blowing into the ocean. Some popular fishing areas provide safe recycling containers for monofilament line. You can also ship monofilament to the Berkley Recycling Center in Iowa. This company will use your line to create Fish-Habs, which are four-foot underwater habitat structures made from recycled fishing line, milk cartons, and soft drink bottles. These cubes attract fish and encourage plant growth, providing natural cover necessary to maintain healthy habitats. Whatever you do, follow this one essential rule when you're at the shore this summer: When it's time to go home, leave nothing but your footprints! Tags: beach-life, beach-protection, Conservation, national-aquarium-2, national-aquarium-ceo, npr, public-radio, wypr Categories: Animals, Behind-The-Scenes, Conservation, News Previous Post Next Post


text:
Bwy2t necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 133 diseños de 38 diseñadores freelance.
Score Salad
We are looking for a logo for our web-based sheet music sales company. We sell cheap downloadable scores as well as bound hard-copies of classical music.
A key feature of our site is that the customer can create a custom book of sheet music with songs of their choosing -- this is where the "salad" part of our name comes in. We then print, bind, and deliver their book.
On a personal level, we're a DC-based partnership of recent university graduates. We're laid-back, fun-loving guys who won't settle for a "real job".
The affordability of our product appeals mostly to music students of all levels as well as their teachers.
But to give as inclusive of an answer as possible, anyone who can read music and use the internet is a member of our target audience.
Although we aren't expensive or snooty, we do feel that our logo should have a certain air of dignity. My partner and I are passionate about classical music and we don't want our laid-back nature as people to get in the way of the seriousness and depth of the music.
The logo should have green in it -- in its current state, our website (www.scoresalad.com -- it's in its infancy right now) uses #3fc33f, but this is definitely open to change.
We'd like to have some kind of icon as part of our logo. Maybe a salad. Maybe something music-related. Maybe something abstract. We'd like to see what you come up with! Feel free to experiment with logos that don't contain an icon, too. We're open to anything and we can't wait to see your submissions.
We're thinking that the font should be modern, clean, simple, and professional. (the whole logo should be that way) I'd say "think web 2.0", but I don't want to constrain your imagination.
We plan to use this logo on the web and in print (on the front cover of our music, stationery, and business cards), so we would need to receive appropriate, scalable filetypes for these media. Definitely a layered .psd (RGB), at least. We're not too well-informed on what filetypes we'll need for these media, so you'll have to help us out with that.
Thank you!
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.