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Earlier in the year, Google had announced that it was working on bringing Android app compatibility to ChromeOS. However, developer Vlad Filippov has gone one step further. He has tweaked Google's Android Runtime extension to enable Android apps to be installed as Chrome browser extensions on Windows, Linux, and Mac.
Here are the quick steps to get started with ARChon runtime, which lets you run unlimited number of Android APKs on Chrome browser.
- Download ARChon from here.
- Extract the contents.
- Open Chrome extensions tool and enable 'Developer mode'.
- Click on 'Load unpacked extension' and select the extracted instance of ArChon from Step 2.
- Find the modified APK for ARChon from the web or download the APK and follow the instructions here to modify a new APK.
- Extract the APK contents.
- Click on 'Load unpacked extension' and load the APK.
- Now, click on 'Launch' to start the app.
If you're confused, check out the video demonstration below.
ARChon currently has several major limitations. The biggest is that it's not automated, and the entire process has way too many steps for a casual user. It requires obtaining and modifying the Android app package (APK), which is not straight forward. It also doesn't work for all apps. However, the Reddit community has been actively testing various apps. A small list of compatible apps and their direct download links is available here. Currently, there are better and easier ways to run Android apps on your desktop. However, this development is still exciting as it hints towards a future where all Chrome users might have access to the millions of Android apps available on the Play store.


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Military Science
Welcome to the Department of Military Science
The U.S. Army Cadet Command's Mission is to commission officers to meet the Army's leadership requirements and provide a citizenship program that motivates young people to be strong leaders and better citizens.
At the University of Dayton we have dedicated ourselves to this mission. We believe that officers in the Army possess the skills necessary to lead others through the most challenging of circumstances.
The Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) began when President Woodrow Wilson signed the National Defense Act of 1916. Since its inception, Army ROTC has provided leadership and military training at schools and universities across the country and has commissioned more than a half million Officers. It is the largest commissioning source in the American military. The University of Dayton's ROTC program was founded in 1917 making it one of the oldest and longest running programs in the country and has since commissioned countless Officers into the U.S. Army.
Army ROTC is a diverse group of men and women with more than 20,000 Cadets currently enrolled. Women have been an integral part of Army ROTC since the first group of women was commissioned in 1976. Today, women constitute 20 percent of the Cadets.
Army ROTC produces approximately 60 percent of the Second Lieutenants who join the active Army, Army Reserve and Army National Guard. More than 40 percent of current active duty Army general officers were commissioned through ROTC. Our cadets acquire the character-building aspects of a diverse, self-disciplined civilian education with tough, centralized leadership development training.
Mission Statement
The U.S. Army Cadet Command commissions officers to meet the Army's leadership requirements; and provides a citizenship program that motivates young people to be strong leaders and better citizens.
The U.S. Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps program at the University of Dayton is among the oldest operating programs in the country — and with so much history, a local student decided to bring it to life.Read more

subset: commoncrawl


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We welcome enquiries about our property services, please complete the form below.
Any guidance given within this site or by any of our team, including but not limited to our Local Property Angels, is guidance only and does not constitute legal advice or advice to be relied upon by a user. It is offered based on the team's knowledge and experience, gained during our work and time within the property industry. Guidance given is intended only to assist in a user's home-moving journey and legal advice and advice which can be relied upon should be sought from professional advisers such as estate agents, solicitors, surveyors, mortgage brokers and the like, who have the appropriate professional indemnity insurance cover in place and who we can introduce users to.
We strongly recommend that users consult with professional advisors.
Are you stressed about moving home?
Hi I'm Kevin, your experienced Local Property Angel based in Edinburgh.
I was 25 years a property lawyer and now I'm helping people like you find their perfect home.
I know the market inside out and can introduce you to trusted lawyers, estate agents, mortgage brokers and tradespeople in and around Edinburgh.
So if you are stressed by moving join the 100s of people who I've helped guide to their perfect next home
If you are considering selling a property in excess of £1,500,000 we highly recommend contacting your Local Property Angel as there are a number of additional channels and opportunities that we can discuss with you.
By all means continue to submit your property information into The Property Angel "coming soon" marketplace, but also feel free to drop us a note and we can call you back at a time that suits you.
By speaking to you directly, we can address your concerns right away and personalise our guidance to you.
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Alternatively, you can view our free buying guides HERE.
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Beginning in Edinburgh with the EH postcodes, The Property Angel is rolling out city by city, if you would like to see The Property Angel in your city, please let us know below.
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Please select your preferred criteria in the form below (if you are on a property page, these settings will be preset) and click save to create an alert.
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Terms of Use
PLEASE READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY AS THEY CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS WHEN USING THE PROPERTY ANGEL ("this Site").
We are Ask the Angel Limited trading as The Property Angel (TPA) (company number SC513453) and our registered address is 329/8 South Gyle Road, Edinburgh EH12 9EE (referred to as "we" or "us" or "our").
When you use this Site, you agree to be bound by these Terms. Please read these Terms carefully before you start to use our Site. If you do not agree to be bound by these Terms, you must not use this Site. A reference to "you" or "your" is a reference to the user of this Site.
Certain uses of this Site are prohibited and amount to a misuse of our systems and the Site. Please refer to clause 3 for further details.
We recommend that you print and keep a copy of these Terms; they are a legally binding agreement between you and us. We may change these Terms at our discretion by updating them on the Site. The then current version of these Terms will apply whenever you use this Site. Please check this page from time to time and take notice of any changes.
The copyright and all other intellectual property rights in this Site (including all database rights, trademarks, service marks, trading names, text, graphics, code, files and links) belong to us or our licensor(s). All rights are reserved.
Subject to clause 3, you may download material from this Site for the sole purpose of using this Site. However, you must not copy, transmit, modify, republish, store (in whole or in part), frame, pass-off or link to any material or information on or downloaded from this Site without our prior written consent.
The device thepropertyangel.com and the word The Property Angel® are our registered trademarks. You must not use or copy them without our prior written consent.
This Site contains links to websites operated by third parties. We have no control over their individual content. We therefore make no warranties or representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any of the information appearing in relation to any linked websites. The links are for your convenience only. We do not recommend any products or services advertised on those websites. If you decide to access any third party website linked from this Site, you do so at your own risk.
We are not an estate agency. The details of any properties available on this Site are provided to us by third parties for your information only. We do not verify the property details provided to us and therefore make no warranties or representations as to their accuracy or completeness. If you rely on these details, you do so at your own risk. We recommend that you check all property details with the third party before making any decisions or taking any action in regards to a property advertised on our Site.
You accept that you are solely responsible for ensuring that your computer system meets all relevant technical specification necessary to use this Site and that your computer system is compatible with this Site.
You must not misuse our system or this Site. In particular, you must not hack into, circumvent security or otherwise disrupt the operation of our system and this Site, or attempt to carry out any of the foregoing. This includes introducing viruses, trojans, worms, logic bombs or other material which is or could be malicious or technologically harmful.
You must not use or attempt to use any automated program (including, without limitation, any spider or other web crawler) to access our system or this Site, or to search, display or obtain links to any part of this Site, other than the home page unless the automated program identifies itself uniquely in the User Agent field and is fully compliant with the Robots Exclusion Protocol (a "Permitted Program"). Any such use or attempted use of an automated program (other than a Permitted Program) shall be a misuse of our system and this Site. Obtaining access to any part of our system or this Site by means of any such automated programs (other than a Permitted Program) is strictly unauthorised.
You must not include links to this Site in any other Site without our prior written consent. In particular (but without limiting the foregoing) you must not include in any other Site any "deep link" to any page on this Site. You may link to our home page provided that you do so in a way that does not (in our reasonable opinion) damage our reputation or expose us to risk. We reserve the right to withdraw linking permission without notice and without giving a reason.
You must not upload or use inappropriate or offensive language or content or solicit any commercial services in any communication, form or email you send or submit, from or to the Site.
Whenever you make use of features that allow you to upload content to our Site, or to make contact with other users via our Site, you must comply with the content standards set out in these Terms. Please see clause 4 below. You warrant that any such contribution does comply with the standards mentioned in clause 4 and you will be liable to us and indemnify us against any breach of this warranty.
All content that you upload to our Site will be considered non-confidential and non-proprietary and we have the right to use, copy, distribute and disclose to third parties any such content for any purpose. We also have the right to disclose your identity to any third party who claims or alleges that content posted or uploaded by you to our Site breaches that third party's legal rights.
The views expressed by users on our Site do not represent our views or values.
All content that you upload to our Site must:
Be accurate (where you state facts);
Be genuinely held (where you state opinions); and
Comply with the applicable law of the country from which they were posted.
Your content must not:
Contain any material which is defamatory of any person;
Contain any material which is obscene, offensive, hateful, discriminatory, unethical, immoral or inflammatory; or
Contain any material which does or could potentially infringe the intellectual property rights of a third party.
We will determine in our discretion whether there has been a breach of this clause 4. Where a breach of this policy has occurred we may take such action as we deem appropriate. This action may include the following:
immediate, temporary or permanent withdrawal of your right to use our Site;
immediate, temporary or permanent removal of any posting or material uploaded by you to our Site;
further legal action against you; and
disclosure of such information to law enforcement or authorities as we reasonable feel necessary.
In addition to all of our rights set out above, we reserve the right to take down any content that you upload to our Site at any time without notice and without having to give a reason and without any refund of any fees you have paid.
To receive details of guides or properties on this Site, you must submit a completed registration form to us. At our discretion, we may refuse your application for registration. If we accept your application for registration, we will confirm this by sending you an email.
Each registration is for a single user only. You must not share your username and password with any other person or with multiple users on a network.
You undertake that all information provided by you for the purposes of registering with us is accurate and complete.
You accept sole responsibility for all use of and for keeping secret any account ID and password that may have been given to you or chosen by you for use on this Site. You will notify us immediately of any unauthorised use of them or any other breach of security of this Site of which you become aware.
We reserve the right to bar users from this Site and/or restrict or disable their access or use of any or all elements of our services, on a permanent or temporary basis at our sole discretion. Any such user shall be notified and must not then attempt to use this Site under any other name or through any other user.
Whilst we endeavour to ensure that any material available for downloading from this Site is not contaminated in any way, we do not warrant that such material will be free from infection, viruses and/or similar code.
Due to the nature of software and the internet, we do not warrant that your access to, or the running of, this Site will be uninterrupted or error free. We may suspend, withdraw, discontinue or change all or any part of our Site without notice. We shall not be liable if we cannot process your details due to circumstances beyond our reasonable control.
The information provided on this Site is for general interest only and does not constitute specific legal advice.
We make no warranties or representations that the property information on this Site is correct, accurate or up-to-date.
We make no warranty or guarantee that the Site or information available over it complies with laws other than those of Scotland.
To the extent permitted by law, we exclude all conditions, warranties, representations or other terms which may apply to our Site or any content on it, whether express or implied.
Any guidance given within this site or by any of our team, including but not limited to our Local Property Angels, is guidance only and does not constitute legal advice or advice to be relied upon by a user. It is offered based on the team's knowledge and experience, gained during our work and time within the property industry. Guidance given is intended only to assist in a user's home-moving journey and legal advice and advice which can be relied upon should be sought from professional advisers such as estate agents, solicitors, surveyors, mortgage brokers and the like, who have the appropriate professional indemnity insurance cover in place and who we can introduce users to. We strongly recommend that users consult with professional advisors.
Nothing in these Terms will be deemed to exclude our liability to you for death or personal injury arising from our negligence, or for fraudulent misrepresentation.
Subject to clause 8.2, we will not be liable for any failures due to software or Internet errors or unavailability, or any other circumstances beyond our reasonable control.
Subject to clause 8.2, we do not accept any liability for loss of your password or account ID caused by a breakdown, error, loss of power or otherwise caused by or to your computer system.
We may put in place such systems as we from time to time see fit to prevent automated programs being used to obtain unauthorised access to our system and this Site. You are not permitted to use automated programs for such purposes and any such use or attempted use by you of such automated programs is at your own risk. Subject to clause 8.2, we shall not be liable to you for any consequences arising out of or in connection with any such use or attempted use of automated programs to obtain unauthorised access to our system or this Site.
Subject to clause 8.2 we will not be liable to you for any loss or damage, whether in contract, delict, (including negligence), breach of statutory duty or otherwise, even if foreseeable, arising under or in connection with:
Use of, or inability to use, our Site; or
Use of or reliance on any content or information displayed on our Site.
Subject to clauses 8.1 to 8.5 inclusive, if you are a business we shall not be liable to you for:
any indirect, consequential, special or punitive loss, damage, costs and expenses;
loss of profit;
loss of business;
loss of reputation;
depletion of goodwill; or
loss of, damage to or corruption of data.
Subject to clause 8.1 to 8.5 inclusive, if you are a consumer, please note that we only provide our Site for domestic and private use. You agree not to use our Site for any commercial or business purposes and we have no liability to you for any loss of profit, loss of business, business interruption or loss of business opportunity.
We will not be liable for any loss or damage caused by a virus, distributed denial of service attack or other technologically harmful material that may infect your computer equipment, computer programmes, data or other proprietary material due to your use of our Site or to your downloading of any content on it, or any website linked to it.
When you use the "contact forms" on this Site to enquire about a property, your details (including your email address) will be used by TPA to engage with you further.
All notices shall be given to us, by email at [email protected] or by post to our address provided at the beginning of these Terms.
If you have registered to use our services then we may serve a notice on you by email at the email address provided to us at the point of registration.
All notices sent by email will be deemed to have been received on the day that they are sent or, if sent on a national holiday in Scotland or on a Saturday or Sunday, the next working day following the day on which the email was sent. All notices sent by post will be deemed to have been received 3 working days after the date of posting.
We try to ensure that all customer feedback is dealt with fairly and consistently, and is properly recorded. We welcome any suggestions that you make about how we may improve our service. Please write to us at Customer Services, The Property Angel, using the address provided at the beginning of these Terms or contact us at [email protected]. We aim to acknowledge all customer feedback.
Phone calls directed to or from our advertisers, which include, but are not restricted to Sellers or Builders, may be recorded for training and monitoring purposes.
We may from time to time change the content of this Site or suspend or discontinue any aspect of this Site, which may include your access to it. Any amendments to these Terms will be made available.
We may revise these Terms at any time by amending this page. Please check this page from time to time to take notice of any changes we made, as they are binding on you.
If you are a business user, these Terms are the whole agreement between you and us. You acknowledge that you have not entered into this agreement in reliance on any warranty or representation made by us (unless made fraudulently).
If a court decides that any part of these Terms cannot be enforced, that particular part of these Terms will not apply, but the rest of these Terms will. A waiver by a party of a breach of any provision shall not be deemed a continuing waiver or a waiver of any subsequent breach of the same or any other provisions. Failure or delay in exercising any right under these Terms shall not prevent the exercise of that or any other right. You may not assign or transfer any benefit, interest or obligation under these Terms.
If you are a consumer user, please note that these Terms and their subject matter and formation (including any non-contractual dispute or claim) are governed by Scottish Law. You and we both agree that the courts of Scotland will have non-exclusive jurisdiction. However, if you are a resident of Northern Ireland you may also bring proceedings in Northern Ireland, and if you are a resident in England and Wales, you may also bring proceedings in England and Wales.
If you are a business user, these Terms and their subject matter and formation (including any non-contractual disputes or claims) are governed by Scottish law and will be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Scottish courts.
To contact us, please email [email protected] or by post to our address shown at the beginning of these Terms.
"We" are The Property Angel which is a trading name of Ask the Angel Ltd, our registered business address is: 329/8 South Gyle Road, Edinburgh EH12 9EE (company number SC513453). We are registered with the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) as a data controller; our registration number is ZA148642. If you want to know what information we collect and hold about you, or to exercise any of your rights, please write to us at our company address or via email at [email protected]; please mark any correspondence for the attention of the Privacy Manager.
We are committed to security, privacy and data protection when it comes to collecting, processing and storing personal information at The Property Angel. We will use the appropriate technical and organisational measures to look after any personal data which we handle. The purpose of this policy explains what you can expect us to do with your personal information when you make contact with us or use one of our services.
What personal data do we collect and how do we use it?
When you contact us or sign up to our services via our website, we may use personal information (such as your name email address, phone number and address/property details/living situation), which you have provided directly, so that our Property Angels can understand your property needs better, respond and communicate with you based on Legitimate Interests. Those Legitimate Interests are to enable us to provide an effective commercial service to you and help you with your property buying or selling requirements via our personal property experience call.
We may also keep in touch with you about relevant promotions, updates and services based on consent; you can ask us to stop sending you marketing messages by contacting us or unsubscribing to withdraw your consent at any time.
We also use cookies, pixels and tags (defined collectively as "cookies") placed by Google or Facebook to collect information about website visitors. Analytics help us understand when and how you use our site and information such as your Internet Protocol (IP) address, which may identify you, is collected by Google. Our advertising cookies enables us to measure, build and optimise audiences for advertising on Facebook or Google. We also use the information we collect to serve you a more personalised experience and more relevant advertisements (referred to as "Retargeting"). We collect information about where you saw the ads we serve you and what ads you clicked on.Here is a link to our Cookie policy
Sharing your information
Following our Property Angel personal property experience call, and with your prior permission, we will share your information with relevant, trusted data processors and vetted UK based partners, such as: solicitors, mortgage brokers, conveyancers, utility companies or property services companies. This will be based on consent.
Where we provide links to websites of other organisations, this privacy notice does not cover how that organisation processes personal information; we encourage you to read the privacy notices on the other websites you visit.
Retaining information
We will retain personal data in line with our retention schedule and will keep your personal data while we have an active engagement and not beyond a period of twelve months. If you request us to remove your details from our database, and providing there is no legal exemption, we will delete your data within seven working days.
International transfers
If we ever transfer information outside of the European Economic Area (EEA), we will make sure that it is protected and we will ensure the relevant safeguards are in place, for example: we will only transfer it to a non-EEA country with privacy laws that give the same protection as the EEA, as deemed by the European Commission, or transfer it to organisations that are part of Privacy Shield.
Data Subject rights and how to exercise them with The Property Angel
As the 'data subject' you have certain rights under Data Protection law and in relation to personal data we hold about you and depending on our reason for processing the information. We will require evidence of your identity before we are able to act on your request. Details of these rights and how to exercise them:
• Your right of access: You have the right to ask us for a copy of the personal information about you that we hold, and to confirm the nature of the Information and how it is used
• Your right of rectification: You have the right to ask us to rectify information you think is inaccurate. You also have the right to ask us to complete information you think is incomplete. This right always applies
• Your right of erasure: In certain circumstances, you have the right to request that Information we hold about you is erased
• Your right to object to or restrict processing: In certain circumstances, you have the right to object to our processing of your information by contacting us at the address or email address set our in this notice. For example, if we are processing your information on the basis of our legitimate interests and there are no compelling legitimate grounds for our processing which override your rights and interests. You also have the right to object to use of your information for direct marketing purposes.
• Your right of data portability: This only applies to information you have given us. You have the right to ask that we transfer the information you gave us from one organisation to another, or give it to you. The right only applies if we are processing information based on your consent or under, or in talks about entering into a contract and the processing is automated.
We are also unable to comply with requests that relate to information of others without their consent. You can exercise any of the above rights by contacting us at the address or email address set out earlier in this notice. Most of the above rights are subject to limitations and exceptions; we will provide reasons if we are unable to comply with any request for the exercise of your rights.
All your personal Information shall be held and used in accordance with the EU General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 ("GDPR") and national laws implementing GDPR, such as the Data Protection Act (DPA) 2018 in the UK and any legislation that replaces it in whole or in part and any other legislation relating to the protection of personal data.
You have the right to lodge a complaint with the supervisory authority in the UK which is the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO). Address: Wycliffe House, Water Lane, Wilmslow SK9 5AF.
We keep our privacy notice under regular review to make sure it is up to date and accurate, this notice was last updated on 11th April 2019.
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text: This Full over twin Captain's Bed is perfect for siblings who share a bedroom. Sleeping arrangements are just one of the things that children will share with the loads of organizational space and room for imagination that are included. The lower bed can be fully removed, providing lots of freedom for rearranging. The Berg Signature Staircase can go on either side to deliver safe access to the top bed, and provides even more storage space.


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50-year-old Swiss adventurer Yves Rossy (known aliases: Fusionman and Jetman), was forced to abort his first attempt at a jetpack flight from Africa to Europe with a dive into the Mediterranean Sea. I guess the nicknames didn't come with superpowers.
Seems like jetpacks aren't really the best option for longer distances. But then again, this wasn't Rossy's first time attempting a long-distance jetpack flight either, in fact, this 23-mile trip would've only been one mile longer than his previous (and successful) flight over the English channel. Big difference, of course was that this one ended in failure despite starting with a jump from a plane. Ah well, I'll cheer for his next attempt around New Year's and keep hoping that he'll wear a cape. [Telegraph via Dvice]


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Summer Camp and Break Camps
The Chicago Botanic Garden offers day camps for children during winter, spring, and summer school breaks. Our day camps are accredited by the American Camping Association. Your child can explore the Garden with nature and plant investigations, science and art activities, and outdoor discoveries all year long! Each camp is lead by highly qualified staff.
Become a Garden Plus member today and enjoy a special discount.
The Chicago Botanic Garden offers fun outdoor science, nature, art, cooking, and ecology day camps for kids ages 2 to 15. We offer flexible scheduling options from June through August.
Winter, Spring, and Summer Break Camps let children engage in exciting indoor and outdoor activities while exploring the Garden all year long.
It is a day "on" at the Garden! Children will participate in high-quality learning activities with experienced teachers through inquiry-based, hands-on activities.
These fun outdoor camps offer kids in Chicago's North Shore suburbs a wide variety of activities that take advantage of the facilities and expertise at the Chicago Botanic Garden. Science, nature, art, ecology, and cooking camps draw kids from Chicago and the North Shore suburbs, including surrounding areas of Glencoe, Highland Park, Northbrook, Winnetka, and Evanston.


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The St. Edward's University Archives founded in 1958 by Brother Philip Odette, C.S.C. documents the history of a small, private Catholic school in Texas and its struggles and successes toward becoming the institution it is today.
The Special Collections includes materials dating to the 14th century, with emphasis on Catholicism, Texas, English Literature, and Jazz.
Games Workshop Warhammer High Elf Prince Korhil White Lions Metal OOP Mint New
Archives and Special Collections is located in the Munday Library, Room 113. Reading Room hours by appointment only. For more information use the contact button below.Make an Appointment
Help us preserve campus history for future generations! The Archives actively collects materials that document all aspects of campus history from St. Edward's University.
More Info
Help us preserve campus history for future generations! The Archives actively collects materials that document all aspects of campus history from St. Edward's University: departments, faculty, research groups, student and staff organizations, alumni and other entities with a relationship to our campus.
We collect analog and born digital formats including photographs, audio and film/video formats, oral histories, maps, illustrations and art, and artifacts and ephemeral materials.
The university archivist would like to talk with individuals who may be willing to donate records, memorabilia, photographs, or other items that relate to the history of St. Edward's College (1885-1925), St. Edward's Academy, St. Edward's High School, St. Edward's Military Academy, St. Edward's Preparatory School, and Mary Hill College.


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here's a little tivo side ftp server for moving recordings from tivo -> pc, pc -> tivo or tivo <-> tivo with a regular browser or ftp client. video can be moved between different versions of tivo hardware / software and streamviewed on a recieving tivo
mfs_ftp.tar.zip - current version of the complete program dir including s1 support binaries
(attached to this post)
shutdown any previous version of mfs_ftp running in the tivo
unzip the mfs_ftp.tar.zip to mfs_ftp.tar on your pc
open mfs_ftp.tar & extract readme.txt - READ IT!
transfer mfs_ftp.tar to /var in the tivo
backup the old mfs_ftp dir: "mv /var/mfs_ftp /var/mfs_ftp.bak"
from the "/var " prompt unpack with
"tar -xvf mfs_ftp.tar" or "cpio -i -H tar -d -F mfs_ftp.tar"
start from bash "/var/mfs_ftp/mfs_ftp.tcl" or load from a startup script
mfs_ftp 1.2.9 MAY NOT BE REDISTRIBUTED. PERIOD! (read the license and terms of use)
sadly many are offering mfs_ftp installed on units for sale, since the legality of the license is unlikely to deter the unscrupulous here's the deal. if you want to include mfs_ftp on a tivo your selling (presumably as an inducement to buy) send your contact info with a $40 paypal to firstname.lastname@example.com I'll provide a transferrable license tied to the tivo itself & permission to install / distribute mfs_ftp on that particular tivo. this provides a legit means for techs to install sw for the clueless & specified damages that can be recovered (in court, etc) from those distributing in violation of copyright
my paypal is firstname.lastname@example.com and donations are allways appreciated. mfs_ftp is FREE for personal non-commercial use if you install it yourself, so enjoy ;)
Usefull things to have / know about
THIS THREAD IS THE FAQ! (and moderated to stay that way)
please read readme.txt & this ENTIRE thread BEFORE posting a mfs_ftp related question - off topic posts, obsolete info & chitchat more than a month or so old gets nuked
please ask any questions re: installation / usage in this support thread instead of cluttering the forum starting new ones
ALL required S1 support files are included in the zip
here's links to usefull alternate threads
MFS_FTP on Series 2 Units contains S2 support binaries - substitute s2 binaries after installation but before starting mfs_ftp
Mfs_Ftp: suggestions, feedback, etc
mfs ftp issues in the newbie forum
tmf / ty+ tivoweb extraction module: extract tmf or ty+ via tivoweb
tmf2ty_cfg.exe is a windows binary that extracts ty from tmf. these ty are insertable with mfs_ftp & compatable with all ty utilities. if savepath.txt is in the directory with tmf2ty_cfg.exe (or in the dir with the tmf under some versions of XP) the first line of the file is used as the output path. these are tcl paths so use forward slashes - "x:/extracts/" "d:/my_recordings/" "v:/video_files/" etc
Commonly asked questions (and answers)


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American Power Play In Pakistan
al-Qaeda Abandons Camps After US Intelligence Shared with Pakistan
By Steve Schippert
In Washington, the topic of Pakistan has come to the fore in all of the major institutional spheres that impact, influence and execute warfighting and foreign policy. Within the military and intelligence communities as well as the political arena, the long-deferred issue has bubbled to the surface; What actions should be taken to combat the Taliban-al-Qaeda alliance shored up and thriving within the tribal areas throughout the western swath of Pakistan?
The driving factor heightening concern is the increasing instability and deteriorating nature of Musharraf's rule, challenged on both sides by violent Islamists and the largely secular pro-democracy opposition alike. Central to growing fears is the uncertain stewardship and control of Pakistan's nuclear weapons arsenal in a post-Musharraf Pakistan, be the American ally removed by assassination, coup, insurgency or electoral defeat.
Sharing Intelligence Often Nets An Alerted Enemy
Adding fuel to the fires of concern, Syed Saleem Shahzad reported in his latest from the region, 'Taliban a step ahead of US assault', that the United States supplied Musharraf's government with detailed and specific intelligence on 29 al-Qaeda and Taliban terrorist training camps operating in the provinces of North Waziristan and South Waziristan. Not long after that transfer of intelligence, all but one of the terror camps went cold. They were abandoned completely "or are being operated by skeleton crews," according to a senior US military intelligence official who spoke to The Fourth Rail.
The remaining camp not abandoned, run by Mullah Abdul Khaliq, was described by the official as "only churning out Taliban, not al Qaeda." This is a reference to distinguish the difference between training rendered at al-Qaeda terrorist camps and those established for the purposes of quickly supplying conscripts as front-line Taliban cannon fodder, primarily for cross-border attacks into Afghanistan which endure extremely high casualty rates.
Not only have the al-Qaeda terrorist training camps been abandoned, but as Shahzad reports, top local Pashtun Taliban commanders have disappeared and melted away, and "the top echelons of the Arab community [read: al-Qaeda's Arab core] that was holed up in North Waziristan has also gone."
No Chain of Custody on Shared Intelligence
When intelligence is shared with another actor, it is driven by varying degrees of trust and necessity. Unlike evidence procedure in a criminal case, there is no 'chain of custody' for intelligence information once it is shared beyond the originating agency's control. This is especially evident in the sharing between US Intelligence agencies and Musharraf's Pakistani government and military, both in a general sense and especially in the matter of the information on the al-Qaeda camps in the Waziristan provinces.
It should be noted that the distrust factor is not necessarily between American intelligence services and the secular Musharraf, personally. Rather, the genesis of mistrust arises from Islamist elements within Pakistani military and intelligence ranks. For this reason, there is always a level of apprehension among the American intelligence community regarding Pakistani counterparts. After all, it was Pakistan's military intelligence, the ISI, that fostered the Taliban and still has elements very sympathetic to al-Qaeda and its Islamist global aims. Even the alliance itself between Pakistan and the United States that arose following the attacks of September 11, 2001, is one more of necessity than of keen friendship.
Musharraf faced an American fury leading up to the invasion of Afghanistan in which the encroaching military juggernaut may not have cared to distinguish much between Afghan or Pakistani Pashtun hosts to bin Laden's al-Qaeda terrorists. His decision to ally with the Americans was one of necessity. As Reuel Marc Gerecht aptly describes, since Musharraf's necessary alignment with the US post-9/11, "Washington has resumed aid to Islamabad, with the result that Pakistan's counterterrorist and anti-Taliban efforts have been executed with diminishing enthusiasm." So too, in this instance, the intelligence sharing was driven far more by necessity than by the questionable degree of trust between the two allies.
Once intelligence is shared with Pakistan it must be presumed distributed in whole or in part to the enemy. To presume US intelligence professionals operate with this clearly in mind would be a well-placed bet, to say the least.
Why Share Intelligence If Pakistani Elements Inform al-Qaeda?
Most Americans likely wonder why we would share sensitive intelligence with Pakistan regarding al-Qaeda if it so clearly gets shared with al-Qaeda by Islamist elements of the Pakistani military and intelligence. After all, it is far from coincidence that 28 of the 29 al-Qaeda camps were vacated after the specific and detailed intelligence on them was shared.
The short answer is that the intelligence is not quite as sensitive as it would appear. Al-Qaeda knows that their camp locations are not a secret to the Musharraf government, as do we. Further, they know that significant new building construction shows up clearly on US satellite and UAV aerial photo and video reconnaissance imagery.
The Pakistani intelligence and military have known precisely where such facilities are located. It is suspected that significant elements of the Pakistani military intelligence (ISI) continue to directly support both groups in their operations, to say nothing of the Islamist terror groups linked directly to al-Qaeda, such as Lashkar-e-Taiba, who have openly received support from the ISI for operations in the disputed Jammu & Kashmir regions. That Pakistani intelligence – historical 'godfather' to the Taliban - would somehow know less about al-Qaeda and Taliban operations and camps within its own territory than US forces is a wholly untenable argument. It is, however, an argument put forth regularly by Pakistani leadership.
So then the natural question, why share what Pakistan knows?
One of Musharraf's regular public defenses in response to American criticism over perceived inaction against al-Qaeda and its established and operational havens within Pakistani territory has specifically been that the United States has not provided actionable intelligence. How can we attack them, Musharraf's defense would assert, if we don't know where they are? But this defense is public folly, and all sides know it, as demonstrated in the logic above.
The sharing of this intelligence on al-Qaeda terrorist training camps with Pakistan should be seen as an attempt to remove the 'no actionable intelligence' leg from the table of inaction. It was almost certainly shared knowing full well that the information – and the intended actions against al-Qaeda camps it sought to drive - would eventually find its way to the Islamists in North and South Waziristan. The level of sympathetic elements within Pakistani intelligence almost certainly assures this. And thus, the intelligence community is likely unsurprised that "neither the North Atlantic Treaty Organization-led coalition in Afghanistan nor Pakistan intelligence has detected any movement in the camps" since the data was delivered.
Driving The Endgame
The sharing of this intelligence preceded last week's grand jirga in Kabul. Shahzad's Asia Times article reported that the shared intelligence "was to be followed up with military strikes at militant bases in Pakistan, either by the Pakistani armed forces in conjunction with the United States, or even by US forces alone." With the camps not unexpectedly emptied, attacks now would be largely fruitless. The targets are not simply the brick, mud and mortar of structures, but rather the human capital of al-Qaeda's global terrorist headquarters. In the end, it is the terrorists in western Pakistan that must be confronted, killed and decisively defeated, not simply their infrastructure.
On the final day of the four-day talks among political and tribal leaders from Afghanistan and Pakistan, Pervez Musharraf addressed the Kabul jirga and acknowledged that Taliban fighters have been launching attacks into Afghanistan from Pakistan. He couched his relative inaction against the Taliban-al-Qaeda alliance as a measure of prudence and caution. Musharraf said, "The issue then is of winning hearts and minds of people who are not militant and weaning them away from the die-hards. We must also understand that the indiscriminate use of force will only aggravate the problems. It will alienate people and further fuel the conflict."
There is truth to his words, as "alienating people" through "the indiscriminate use of force" is precisely the lesson al-Qaeda itself struggles to learn in the Iraqi theater of conflict as the Iraqi Sunni population continues to turn on bin Laden's henchmen. Further, in a hypothetical Pakistani tribal region where al-Qaeda terrorists have been defeated and its global ideology driven out, there will remain in its wake an indigenous and militant Pashtun society straddling the Pakistani-Afghan border seeking to create its own Pashtun state from slices of both countries.
However, Musharraf's reluctance to fully engage al-Qaeda and its Pashtun Taliban allies within his own territory has less to do with "alienating [local Pashtun] people" in the long term than it does the very real immediate fear that his leadership would likely not survive the ensuing civil war/insurgency such aggression would spark within Pakistan. The Pashtun Taliban and the Arab al-Qaeda are and would remain tightly allied in such an event.
Also a consideration for Musharraf is the fact that a significant portion of his rank and file foot soldiers in the Pakistani military are, in fact, Pashtuns. Gambling on their motivation and eagerness to engage their tribesmen in pitched battle must be considered at least questionable, particularly at a point where Musharraf's power is receding and his longevity in question.
But, for Musharraf and Pakistan, the initiative is not entirely their own to procrastinate. There have been several assassination attempts on Musharraf and the Taliban-al-Qaeda alliance openly call for the removal of Musharraf, by any means, and an end to Pakistan's alliance with America in the War on Terror. As well, the cresting insurgency in the North West Frontier Province is an example of Islamist initiative employed effectively. Al-Qaeda seeks the forfeiture of the North West Frontier Province in similar fashion to that seen when Musharraf withdrew and ceded control of North and South Waziristan and Bajour.
The black banner of al-Qaeda can be seen in prominent display in many shops in the capital city, Peshewar, and elsewhere throughout the NWFP. This is not necessarily a display of local allegiance with al-Qaeda in all cases, perhaps not even in most, as it could be simply an overt insurance policy against attack from the same. But regardless of the degree to which al-Qaeda's black banner of jihad is displayed as a matter of oath or insurance, both reflect a local sentiment of understanding where the power lies in many areas of the NWFP.
Clearly, the initiative does not rest entirely with Musharraf, and to the degree that it does, most choices remain between bad or worse, with the former and the latter interchangeable depending on which perspective from which the situation is viewed.
Who Leaked the Intelligence to al-Qaeda and Why?
It is highly unlikely that there will ever be a definitive answer to who precisely leaked the US intelligence on al-Qaeda camps in the Waziristan provinces. However, the effect of the intelligence in the hands of al-Qaeda ironically serves both the Islamist terrorists and Musharraf at the same time. Therefor, there are two trains of thought to consider.
The first is obvious. It is clear that Islamists sympathetic to the Taliban and al-Qaeda within Pakistani military and/or intelligence viewed or otherwise obtained the targeting information provided, allowing the Islamists to vacate and save their significant investment in human capital, including al-Qaeda senior leadership (AQSL). This indicates a potential difficulty and a fear shared among American intelligence and military regarding potentially flagging loyalty within Musharraf's own military.
But another possibility that should be considered is that the intelligence may have been provided to these sympathetic members by Musharraf himself or at his behest. This, of course, necessarily presumes that a sympathetic members of Pakistani intelligence were not among those cleared to review it to begin with. But the short-term benefits to Musharraf as a result are undeniable, and desperate men can rarely see beyond the immediate. This can be evidenced by Musharraf's recent consideration of declaring a state of emergency in Pakistan.
It is plausible that Musharraf may have wanted the information to reach al-Qaeda with the assumption that al-Qaeda terrorists would do just as they have done in vacating the camps. With the camps vacated and the primary targets dispersed, Musharraf could then perceive a short-term reprieve from American pressure to attack or cooperate in large scale American-led attacks. Fear of the aftermath as stated above would be a driving short-term factor in the mind of the Pakistani president already under domestic siege.
Conclusion: Intelligence Sharing An American Power Play
At the end of the day, how al-Qaeda received the American intelligence – essentially a target list on their infrastructure of training camps and other assets - is less important than the meaning behind the American intelligence sharing. The United States is clearly removing the Pakistani argument of 'no actionable intelligence' on al-Qaeda targets. Under Musharraf, Pakistan has consistently employed the intelligence defense to explain away a reluctance to directly engage the dangerous (to all) Taliban-al-Qaeda alliance on Pakistan's own soil while demanding that US forces respect their territorial integrity and sovereignty.
The targeting information shared represents a power play by American leadership. The debate within the intelligence and counterterrorism communities has notably shifted from whether Musharraf's rule will survive to one which nearly exclusively centers around the state and nature of the leadership in a post-Musharraf Pakistan. Musharraf represents the only bona fide trustworthy nuclear weapons stewardship. After him come only question marks at best.
On one side of the debate, it is rightly pointed out that the Islamists and their political powers poll at less than 20% inside Pakistan. On the other side of the debate, it is also rightly pointed out that the remaining ~80% non-Islamist majority (comprised of various parties) is not the side with the guns, and that the 'change of command ceremonies' may well commence long before any Pakistani elections, which are scheduled for sometime in early 2008.
Musharraf does not even believe he would receive much support at the polls which would elect the parliament that would, in turn, elect him as president. This is evident by his contested desires to have the current parliament re-elect him to a new five year term before the majority pro-Musharraf MP's are swept from office.
And the loyalty of the Pakistani military is considered 'in-play,' replete with literally thousands of generals who often operate more for profit than serve out of patriotism or duty. They are regularly compensated handsomely in order to assure their loyalty. Financially secured loyalty is a sword that can cut both ways particularly among the more powerful where the stakes - and gains - are higher.
In any event, Musharraf's troubles seem to grow by the day and his hold on power more and more tenuous, perhaps insurmountable even for one of the world's most skilled survivors. This acknowledgment is now nearly universally held in US intelligence and military circles. With the prospect of the window of a Musharraf-led Pakistan closing in months not years, the race is on to prevent al-Qaeda terrorists and aligned Pakistani Islamists from obtaining Pakistan's nuclear arsenal and their associated launch codes.
The al-Qaeda terrorists openly seek to kill both him and us. The American push on Musharraf could be read as a decision that, if he is going to fall, Washington is going to do all it can to ensure that he falls fighting the terrorists in a frontier offensive and not in an Islamabad retreat. At the very least, gone is his defense that he cannot attack them due to a lack of actionable American intelligence. That al-Qaeda obtained and reacted to the intelligence is secondary to the fact that it was delivered to Musharraf.


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|For the school in Grand Theft Auto V, see Flight School.
The Pilot School, also known as the Flying School, is the most important of the vehicle schools in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, unlocked after "Verdant Meadows" with the purchase of the abandoned Verdant Meadows airstrip. Unlike all the other schools, it is required to complete all the lessons with at least Bronze medals to continue the storyline.
The Pilot School consists of 10 lessons teaching the player how to fly planes, helicopters, and at the end - how to use a parachute. The work pays off later when the Rustler, Stunt Plane, and Hunter are unlocked respectively for achieving Bronze, Silver and Gold medals in all the lessons. By completing the lessons, the player will increase their Flying Skill and receive a "Pilot's License" allowing them to enter airports. Mission failure will occur if the player is wasted.
The ten lessons to pass are:
You'll have to takeoff and pass through three coronas to complete the lesson. Finish in 30 seconds or less to get the Gold medal. Vehicle given is a Rustler.
Land Plane
Fly through the corona, lower the landing gear and land in the designated target. Finish in 30 seconds or less to get the Gold medal. Vehicle given is a Rustler.
Circle Airstrip
Take off and gain altitude and pass through the first corona. Then, fly a circular course through the coronas. Do this in a minute or less to get the Gold medal. Vehicle given is a Rustler.
Circle Airstrip and Land
Perform the same routine as the last lesson but land in the designated target on the airstrip. Finish this in 1 minute 20 seconds or less and land due east in the target to get the Gold Medal. Vehicle given is a Rustler.
Helicopter Takeoff
Piloting a Hunter, climb until the game indicates you to level off the helicopter. After that, rotate the helicopter 180 degrees, facing the opposite end of the runway. Tilt the helicopter to a 45 degree angle and quickly move the end of the runway. Fly through the corona to pass.
Land Helicopter
Pass through the first corona, then land in the target facing due east to get the Gold medal. Vehicle given is a Hunter.
Destroy Targets
Tilt the helicopter at a 45 degree angle, and move towards the three Linerunners at the end of the runway . Destroy them and then make a sharp right turn towards the Snake Farm. There will be two Landstalkers driving in circles. Destroy them and land the helicopter at the designated area. Finish the lesson in 1 minute and 30 seconds or less to get the Gold Medal. Vehicle given is a Hunter.
To do a loop-the-loop, pull the analog stick down, or the S or Down keys on PC, once you have reached the first corona. Continue with the loop, then level off, and pass through the final corona in 21 seconds or less to get the Gold Medal. Vehicle given is a Stuntplane.
Barrel Roll
Fly through the first corona, then quickly push the left analog stick left (A, or down on PC) to roll. Finish the barrel roll and fly through the second corona to finish the lesson. Finish in 18 seconds or less to get the Gold Medal. Vehicle given is a Stuntplane.
Parachute Onto Target
Skydive down to the target and deploy the Parachute, glide into the target zone to finish. Landing in the center of the target zone in 55 seconds or less will get you the Gold medal. NOTE: For PC users, it is advised to turn off the Frame Limiter for this lesson.
The reward for completing all the lessons on Bronze is a Rustler, for all Silver a Stunt Plane and for all Gold a Hunter. All will be constantly spawned at the airstrip.
Completion of the first 3 tests with at least a bronze medal, will award the player a pilot's licence. This will allow easy access to runway areas of airports and unlock all planes. Prior to doing this, it is possible to access the runway areas by parking a vehicle next to the fence and climbing over, or by using a Packer's "ramp" - the Easter Bay International Airport runway can also be accessed via a glitch by simply punching the access gate or by jumping the water from northern Flint County - however all fixed-wing aircraft, parked at the Easter Bay Intl. Airport, will be locked, leaving only the Maverick as a useful aircraft at that location. Every other aircraft will be unlocked since the beginning (excluding vehicles locked for mission purposes) including those parked at Las Venturas Airport, that some articles still refer to as locked.


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Latest News
Gwalia Museum Precinct is open
Gwalia Upgrade Project
Come and explore Gwalia Ghost Town & Museum
The living ghost town of Gwalia is the doorway to a unique experience of Western Australia's rich mining history.
The little settlement that grew up around the Sons of Gwalia Mine in the late 1890s thrived until the final whistle blew on 28 December 1963, closing the mine and putting 250 men out of work. Gwalia's 1200-strong population fell to just 40 in less than three weeks.
Today, the abandoned homes and businesses of Gwalia create a tangible snapshot of a vanished era and way of life.
The Gwalia experience is three-dimensional: step inside the quaint cottages built of corrugated iron, timber and whitewashed hessian and imagine a miner's wife cooking dinner on the cast iron range, while her husband toils far underground to support his family and their children recite their lessons in the State school. Look through the windows of Mazza's Store, where the shopper could buy everything from two pounds of flour for the day's baking to a length of fabric to make a frock for a dance at the State Hotel – or wander through Patroni's Guest Home next door, for decades a home from home for single men employed at the Sons of Gwalia Mine.
Once one of the largest gold mines in Australia, the Sons of Gwalia Ltd operated from 1897 to 1963. Its first mine manager was a young American mining engineer named Herbert Hoover, who later became the 31st President of the United States. The mine manager's house Hoover designed and which bears his name stands on the summit of "Staff Hill" in the Museum Complex.
Nearby, the old mine administration buildings in the shadow of Australia's only surviving timber incline headframe now house the Gwalia Museum's extensive collection of objects, documents and photographs which sketch the history of the mine and showcase the diverse cultures and commercial and domestic life that created Gwalia's enduring legacy.
Step back to the days of steam when 'Midland', one of five similar steam engines, operated on the Woodlines supplying the Sons of Gwalia mine with timber – or imagine yourself aboard the first passenger tram that transported commuters between Gwalia and Leonora from 1903 to 1921. The 1912 Fraser and Chalmers steam-operated winder, which lowered miners underground for their daily shifts and raised the precious gold ore from the shaft, is one of only three remaining in the world and a fine example of the technology of the time.
Today, Hoover House is a luxury Bed and Breakfast and function venue where guests, museum visitors and travellers can enjoy coffee on the verandah overlooking the vast open pit of the modern gold mine on the site of the historical Sons of Gwalia Mine.
Surrounded by echoes of its golden age, Gwalia's mining story lives on.


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Updated January 26, 2013 and March 13, 2013
The Century 16 theater in Aurora CO
The mass murder in Aurora, Colorado was as senseless and as inevitable as any of the mass murders that preceded it. In the United States it is only a matter of time and place when the next gunman with a semi-automatic weapon murders innocent people in cold blood.
Update: Judge William Slyvester declined to grant James Holmes a delay in arraigning him on March 12, 2013 in state court in Centennial, Colorado. Holmes's public defender, Daniel King, had requested a delay to allow the defense more time to weigh the consequences of his client entering a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity. Instead, the judge went forward with the arraignment and entered a plea of not guilty for the 25-year-old Holmes.
Holmes faces numerous felony counts for his alleged assault with semi-automatic weapons at a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado on July 20, 2012 that left 12 people dead and 58 others wounded.
Judge Sylvester said the defense would have the opportunity to change the plea before the trial begins. The judge set the trial date at August 5, 2013. Prosecutors estimate that the trial will last about a month.
In the event Holmes does enter an insanity plea, he would be sent to a state hospital for mental evaluation. In court documents, the judge wrote that if Holmes cooperated with state examiners he would be allowed to be examined by doctors of his own choosing, at government expense.
The midnight premiere of the Batman sequel, The Dark Knight Rises, had been playing for about 18 minutes to a sold-out house in Theater 9 at the Century 16 movie complex in Aurora, Colo., on July 20, 2012. At 12:38 a.m. a commado figure casually entered through an emergency exit door to the audience's right and took up his position at the front of the theater. Dressed head-to-toe in combat gear that included a gas mask, helmet, a throat protector, a bullet-proof vest and leggings, a groin protector, black gloves, and a long black coat, the man said, "I am the Joker." Some in the audience thought the figure in black was part of the premier's promotion – that it was all just some sort of stunt.
The Dark Knight Rises was the final film in director Christopher Nolan's Batman trilogy that launched with Batman Begins in 2005 and was followed by The Dark Knight in 2008. As USA Today reported on July 23, "Some fans already considered the trilogy cursed because of Heath Ledger's death by accidental overdose. Ledger, who played The Joker in The Dark Knight, died months before its premiere."
The erstwhile Joker then hurled a smoke canister into the middle of the 11th row of the theater, striking a woman there. He then fired a single blast from a .12-guage, pump-action Remington shotgun into the ceiling. As the smoke canister fell to the ground, it began spinning and then exploded, spewing gas into the air and causing panic to grip the stunned audience. Another smoke canister was soon released. As people stood in the middle rows to get away from the noxious gases, the man began rapidly spraying the front rows of the theater with bullets fired from an AR-15 assault rifle equipped with a 100-round barrel magazine capable of firing 50 rounds a minute. This caused most of the audience to huddle on the floor, some using their bodies as human shields to protect loved ones. The gunman then walked up the stairs and began firing into the audience in the middle portion of the theater. As the shooter climbed higher into the theater, some of the people in the front rows attempted to exit the theater up the opposite corridor. The gunman responded by unleashing a hail of bullets that prevented them from getting to the exit and that forced them to retreat back down toward the front of the theater. When the semi-automatic rifle jammed after discharging over 70 shells, the gunman began firing a .40 caliber Glock handgun. Finally, silence engulfed the theater.
Inside the theater, 10 people were dead, including a 6-year-old Veronica Moser. Two other victims would soon die at the hospital. Fifty-eight others sustained gunshot wounds of various severities. Several days after the shootings, 22 of those remained in various area hospitals – 10 of them in critical condition. By July 30, 10 victims still remained in hospitals, four of them in critical condition. Six months after the shooting, two victims remained in grevious suffering. Caleb Medley, 23,who lost an eye in the shooting, has undergone months of rehabilitation, lying on his back with severe brain and motor damage. Ashley Moser, the 25-year-old mother of Veronica, is a paraplegic from a gunshot she took in the neck. She also lost a festus shortly aferwards.
The mass murder at the theater was the worst in the country since a lone gunman at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Va., murdered 32 people in 2007, using two semi-automatic pistols.
A few minutes after the shooting began, the gunman walked out the back exit door. He put his weapons back in his white Hyundai and stood by the car with his hands on the roof of the car and waited for the police to arrest him. Standing there at 12:45 a.m. was 24-year-old James Eagan Holmes, a recent Ph.D. student at the University of Colorado in Denver, and an honors graduate in neuroscience from the University of California at Riverside. When Aurora Plice Officer Jason Oviatt first saw Holmes outside the theater he thought the tall, thin man in a gas mask and combat gear was a police officer. At a preliminary hearing on January 7, 2013, Oviatt testified that he quickly realized he was wrong in that assumption. He said he aimed his gun at Holmes and ordered him to the ground. The officer described Holmes as "completely compliant." Oviatt said Holmes raised his hands when he was ordered to by another officer. Fearing there could be other assailants nearby, Oviatt said he dragged Holmes into an alcove holding trash bins and patted him down. Police then began removing layers of Holmes' body armor, stripping him to his boxer shorts. In his wallet they found his driver's license and asked him if he still lived at that address. Holmes said he did and then advised them he had booby-trapped his apartment with explosives. The car was not booby trapped, but the apartment was.
It would come out at the second day of Holmes's preliminary hearing, January 8, 2013 that the reason he was willing to inform police that his apartment was booby-trapped was because he had intended for the apartment to erupt in an explosive fire that would divert area police to that site while he was inside the movie theater. Garrett Gumbinner, an FBI bomb technician, testified on the second day of the preliminary hearing that Homes had rigged the front door of his apartment with five-feet of fishing line tied to a thermos bottle filled with glycerin. If the door were to open, it would knock over the thermos, spill glycerin into a pan filled with potassium permanganate, and set off a massive explosion. The carpets in the apartment had been soaked with gasoline and oil. Jars of napalm, thermite and other explosive devices were positioned throughout the living room, along with 30 fireworks canisters known as "artillery shells" filled with smokeless powder and gasoline connected to trip wires. Also in the apartment were liter-size soft drink bottles filled with incendiary liquids and rounds of ammunition. Authorities said there was enough explosive power in the apartment to take down the entire, three-story red brick apartment building.
When police officers arrived at Holmes's apartment building at 2 a.m. they peered in a window to Holmes's third-story apartment to see a wired maze of booby-trapped explosive devices. Police then ordered the entire apartment building vacated as well as four other nearby apartment buildings.
The booby-trapping of Holmes's apartment was extremely devious. Shortly after midnight the night of the shootings, electronic music began blaring in an endless loop from a sound system in his apartment. Holmes had use his computer to program the music to blare away for one hour. Kaitlyn Fonzi, a 20-year-old woman who lived directly below Holmes's apartment, was preparing to go to bed. She went upstairs to investigate the racket, knocking loudly on Holmes's door, causing it to rattle as though it were unlocked. Fonzi, a biology student, told police she considered entering the apartment but decided not to because she heard no other sounds on the other side of the door except the booming beat of the music. She said the oddness of that put her off.
The door had been left unlocked. Had she opened it she would have most likely triggered a massive explosion that would have added significantly to the mass murder tally. Instead she went back down to her apartment and called the non-emergency line at the police department to report the irritating noise. The music shut itself off about 1 a.m. An hour later, Fonzi and the rest of the residents of the apartment building were awakened by SWAT team members toting assault rifles. All residents were immediately evacuated.
Residents of the building evaded a second triggering device Holmes had set up near a trash bin ouside his apartment. Agent Gumbinner said Holmes told him he had placed the device in a garbage bag that also contained a boom box and a remote-control car. The FBI agent said Holmes's plan was for a CD from the boom box to blast music, attract a passer-by who would inadvertanely trigger the explosion by attempting to shut off the music by manipulating the remote-control car.
Later that day, police deployed a robot to disarm the triggering devices tied to explosives in Holmes's 800-square-foot, top-floor apartment located not far from the University of Colorado campus in Aurora. Police then spent two days disarming various incendiary devices, including one that was rigged up to 10 gallons of gasoline. The 30 aerial shells commonly used in commercial fireworks had to be defused. USA Today quoted an unidentified official as saying the aerial shells "had been cannibalized, reconstructed and set up in the living room, where a stream of wires connected them to a 'control box' in the unit's kitchen." Aurora Police Chief Dan Oates told reporters there was no question the booby traps were "designed to kill" and that most likely they were meant to kill arriving police officers.
For many Coloradoans, the senseless Century 16 shooting was all-too reminiscent of the 1999 Columbine High School massacre when two heavily armed students gunned down 12 students and a teacher before committing suicide. Columbine is about 16 miles from Aurora.
A Killing Arsenal
For the academically gifted James Holmes, who spent a good portion of his free time online participating in role-playing games, a great deal of planning allegedly went into the mass-murder assault in Aurora. During the five weeks after he unexpectedly dropped out of an elite graduate program on June 10, 2012 – after failing part of his first-year oral exam – he amassed a major arsenal of weapons, ammunition, combat gear, and explosive booby traps. USA Today estimated that within the 60 days leading up to the Aurora disaster, Holmes spent $2,248 on the four guns he purchased from local gun dealers; $2,870 on the 6,300 rounds of ammunition he purchased online; $970 on body gear online; and $300 for booby traps placed in his apartment. He apparently tapped the $21,000 a year graduate student grant he received from the National Institute for Health and the $5,000 stipend he received as a graduate student from the University of Colorado to pay the more than $6,350 expended on armaments and gear – material that arrived in some 90 packages for him at the university and at his apartment.
Everything Holmes bought, he bought legally, including 6,000 rounds of ammunition. As a person with no felony record, no state or federal background checks or government oversight at any level was required for any of his purchases. Not even the Department of Homeland Security – an organization provided with vast powers to protect U.S. citizens from terrorist attacks like this one – got a whiff of what the young man was up to. Unlike in California, Massachusetts and New Jersey where there are restrictions on ammunition sales – requiring permits for buyers or licenses for sellers – Colorado, like the vast majority of states, has no such regulation. Holmes could have bought 50,000 or 500,000 rounds of ammunition without setting off one red flag. At the federal level there is no statue restricting the Internet sales of ammunition. As Dudley Brown, the executive director of Rocky Mountain Gun Owners, told The New York Times, "I call 6,000 rounds of ammunition running low."
At an earlier preliminary hearing in July of 2012, Holmes appeared in state district court in Centennial, Colorado. The hearing dealt with such issues as informing the suspect of his constitutional rights as well as a motion to limit pretrial publicity advanced by one Holmes's public defenders. In response to the defense motion, Judge William Sylvester issued a gag order to limit the information law enforcement may release about the shooting. The suspect did not speak during the 12-minute hearing, not to the judge or to either of his public defenders. One of his attorneys had to nudge him to stand when Judge Sylvester entered the courtroom. Various news accounts reported that Holmes, his hair dyed a reddish orange, seemed to fade in and out. The Wall Street Journal reported that he "looked alternately sleepy and wide-eyed, bobbing his head as the judge and the lawyers spoke."
Arapahoe County District Attorney Carol Chambers told reporters after the July hearing that the state may seek the death penalty, but would wait on deciding that until she had discussed it with the wounded and families of those killed in the theater. Pursuing the death penalty is "a very long process that impacts their [victim's] lives for years," D.A. Chambers said. Since capital punishment was reinstated in Colorado in 1976, there has only been one execution – that in 1997. Currently there are three people on Colorado's death row.
In the wake of the Aurora mass murders,condolences to the victims and their families flowed in from around the world. Pope Benedict XVI expressed his regrets during his Sunday morning blessing from St. Peter's Square.
Across the street from the movie multiplex in Aurora, a makeshift memorial took shape where hundreds of people congregated throughout the weekend. Teddy bears, flowers, candles and hand-written notes dotted the site. On a hill overlooking the impromptu memorial, 12 white crosses were placed in honor of each of the dead.
Charges Filed
Shackled around his waist and ankles, Holmes was back in district court on July 30. Prosecutors formally charged him with 142 criminal counts, including 24 counts of first-degree murder, 116 counts of attempted murder, one count of felony possession of explosives devices, and one count for use of assault weapons during the shooting at the Century 16 theater. On the murder and attempted murder counts, Holmes was charged twice for each of the 12 murder victims and for the 58 persons wounded. One count was for "showing deliberation" and the other was for "showing extreme indifference to human life."
The count pertaining to the explosives devices stemmed from the booby-trapping of his apartment.
The 120-seat courtroom was packed. Victims and family members of victims occupied about half of the seats; the proceedings also were piped into a satellite room outside the courtroom that overflowed with spectators.
Various media outlets reported that Holmes, his hair dyed orange and matted down on top, showed no emotion while the charges against him were being recited or when the judge informed him that he could face the death penalty. Instead, throughout the 45-minute hearing, he stared "blankly" at the judge's bench, the ceiling lights and the floor and spoke only one word. When Judge Sylvester asked him if he understood why his defense attorneys were asking for additional time to prepare for his preliminary hearing, he quietly stated, "Yes."
The judge informed the prosecution and defense that hearings would be held on August 9 and 16 and that during the week of November 12 to plan on both a preliminary hearing and an evidence hearing that will include several days of testimony.
The first hearing will concern the high level of secrecy in the prosecution's case file against Holmes that has been kept under seal by court order. A consortium of news organizations had petitioned the court to open those files to the public.
A primary purpose of the August 16 hearing will be to consider a defense motion filed July 27 with the district court to suppress the contents of a package Holmes mailed to his psychiatrist, Dr. Lynne Fenton, at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus. When the package arrived at the university's mailroom on Monday, July 23, university officials notified law enforcement. A search warrant was issued and the package was collected by Aurora police without Dr. Fenton seeing it.
Dr. Fenton is the medical director of student mental health services at the university, where Holmes had been a student until resigning from the program in early July. She has held that position since 2009. She is also a member of the university's faculty. The New York Times reported that Dr. Fenton's research interests include "psychotherapy and the neurobiology of schizophrenia."
News reports soon quoted unnamed police officials saying the package contained a notebook that detailed Holmes's plan for the assault on the theater that included "violent drawings." Lawyers for Holmes objected in their motion that information about the contents of the package was being leaked to the news media despite the gag order Judge Sylvester imposed at the initial hearing on July 23 and that leaking the contents of the communication with Dr. Fenton violated the doctor/patient relationship.
In the motion, Holmes's public defenders asserted that "Mr. Holmes was a psychiatric patient of Dr. Fenton and his communications with her are protected" under the doctor/patient relationship.
Prosecutors responded to the motion by asking the judge to deny the defense request. D. A. Chambers wrote in rebuttal that the contents of the package had not been examined and had been retained for later inspection. In her court filing, D.A. Chambers stated, "The media is getting information from hoaxers, fraudsters, or maybe from nobody at all."
On July 30, 2012, Colorado prosecutors formally charged James. E. Holmes with 142 criminal counts, including 24 counts of first-degree murder, 116 counts of attempted murder, one count of felony possession of explosives devices, and one count for use of assault weapons during the shooting at the Century 16 theater. On the murder and attempted murder counts, Holmes was charged twice for each of the 12 murder victims and for the 58 persons wounded. One count was for "showing deliberation" and the other was for "showing extreme indifference to human life."
The count pertaining to the explosives devices stemmed from the booby-trapping of his apartment.
In a hearing October 11, 2012, attorneys for mass murder suspect James Holmes told Judge William Sylvester they would need additional time to review the 19,000 pages of evidence the prosecution has turned over to the defense before they would be ready to proceed to the preliminary hearing. "We have not begun to understand the nature and depth of Mr. Holmes's mental illness," public defender Daniel King told the court.
During the 75-minute hearing in Centennial, Colorado, Arapahoe County prosecutors added 14 more counts of attempted murder to the charges against the 24-year-old former neuroscience graduate student. Prosecutors also amended five other counts, but no details about the new or amended charges were made public.
Dressed in a red jumpsuit and with his legs shackled, Holmes, now with a crew cut, mustache and long sideburns, "looked straight ahead at no one in particular and didn't appear to speak to anyone at the defense table during the hearing. He periodically widened his eyes, causing wrinkles in his forehead," according to the CBS web site.
By the time the preliminary hearing began on January 7, 2013, thousands of more pages of evidence will have been collected by the prosecution and turned over to the defense.
The purpose of the preliminary hearing -- which was expected to run up to three days -- will be to determine if there is sufficient evidence for the state to make Holmes stand trial on the numerous charges against him. Lawyers for Holmes are expected to call witnesses to discuss their client's mental state. An insanity defense would appear to be the thrust of their representation. Prosecutors, on the other hand, will argue that Homes methodically planned the mass murders for weeks -- buying guns, ammo, combat gear, and even purchasing his ticket to The Dark Night Rises 12 days in advance of its premiere showing. On the first day of the preliminary hearing, prosecutors showed closed-circuit video from the theater's security system of Holmes walking into theater, holding the door open for an arriving couple, then stopping briefly by the concession counter before entering Theater 9. Having a ticket allowed him to exit by the back door of the theater, leave it slightly ajar, get dressed in combat gear, arm himself, and re-enter shortly after the movie had begun.
The Victims
Three of the 12 mass-murder victims died in the theater attempting to save the lives of others. As shots rained down on the audience, Matt McQuinn, 27, pulled his girlfriend, Samantha Yowler, to the floor and shielded her with his body. Three bullets hit McQuinn – one in the chest, one in the back, and one in his leg. One bullet hit Yowler in the knee. She underwent surgery and is recovering. The couple had been dating for three years and worked at Target.
Jonathan Blunk, a 26-year-old Navy veteran and father of two, covered his girlfriend's body by lying on top of her. Jansen Young was not hit. Blunk was planning to re-enlist in the Navy.
Air Force Staff Sgt. Jesse Childress, 29, died trying to shield a friend, a woman stationed with him at Buckley Air Force Base in Aurora.
The youngest victim was 6-year-old Veronica Moser-Sullivan, the daughter of Ashley Moser, who was shot in the abdomen and throat during the theater assault. Mrs. Moser, who was pregnant, suffered a miscarriage on July 28, the day she underwent surgery for her wounds. A statement released by her family the following day, said the family was still making plans for Veronica's funeral and that Mrs. Moser's "lifetime of care will be a long road."
The oldest victim was 51-year-old Gordon Cowdon, a divorced single father of three girls and a boy.
Alex Sullivan was murdered on his 27th birthday shortly after he tweeted that this would be "the best birthday ever." A bartender at the Red Robin Gourmet Burgers, he would have celebrated his first wedding anniversary with his wife Cassie two days later.
Jessica Ghawi, 24, came close to death at a mall in Toronto last summer during a shooting spree that killed two people. "I was reminded that we don't know when or where our time on earth will end. When or where we will breathe our last breath," the sports reporter for MSNBC wrote on her blog about that tragedy. Some 22,000 Twitter users followed her postings under her Twitter handle @JessicaRedfield.
Other victims included Alexander Boik, 18, Navy Petty Officer John Larimer, 27, Micayla Medek, 23, Alexander Teves, 24, and Rebecca Wingo, 32.
Whatever else will ever be said about the mass murders at Aurora, there was a chillingly indiscriminate cold-bloodedness to them. This assailant did not care who he killed, only that he killed en masse.


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Re: Need features to make kernel and user functions bullet proof
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg84083] Re: Need features to make kernel and user functions bullet proof
- From: David Bailey <dave at Remove_Thisdbailey.co.uk>
- Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2007 04:30:28 -0500 (EST)
- References: <firstname.lastname@example.com> <email@example.com>
Szabolcs Horvát wrote: > Hi, > > Here are my thoughts on this: > > Ted Ersek wrote: >> Need features to make kernel and user functions bullet proofWe can >> overload functions that are part of the Mathematica language, and this >> is good. However, we often hear in the MathGroup that you can easily >> break the kernel by changing kernel functions. This wouldn't be so risky >> if users could not indirectly change the way functions such as Solve, >> Simplify, NDSolve, etc. perform. I mean a user should be able to change >> what Simplify does by making a new definition for Simplify, but changing >> functions such as Thread, Map, or Apply should not change Solve, Simplify, >> or NDSolve. Besides that users who are writing their own functions should >> be able to ensure their functions cannot be broken inadvertently. > > But is this really necessary? I mean, is there any legitimate reason to > change symbols like Thread, Map, or Apply? If one needs a Map that > behaves a bit differently, shouldn't one just define a new myMap function? > > (I know that some people are changing these symbols ... see e.g. > > http://groups.google.com/group/comp.soft-sys.math.mathematica/browse_thread/thread/90da91b2fb43891a/4d26e4c1e1edcce3#4d26e4c1e1edcce3 > > But I always found these things extremely scary (and I think that it is > a bad practice to do this). As you mentioned, it is possible that some > built-in (or package) function uses the form Map[{a,b,c},d] (see the > referenced post), so it would be broken by this change to Map. However, > in this situation the user could have just defined his own listableMap[] > function, which would be safe. Actually after I read that message I > searched all the standard packages and the UpValues, OwnValues and > DownValues of symbols returned by Names[] for Map[_List, __], but found > nothing (though I'm not sure I searched the *built-in* definitions > correctly, and I could completely prevent evaluation of the symbols only > if I ran Mathematica without the Front End ...) ) > >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> Also notice you can change the default options of a protected symbol >> without first calling Unprotect. As a result a user can seriously break >> a lot of functions with lines such as >> >> SetOptions[ReplaceRepeated,MaxIterations -> 1]; >> SetOptions[Map,Heads->True]; >> >> Mathematica needs a new attribute called OptionsProtected. >> OptionsProtected::usage="OptionsProtected is an attribute that prevents >> the default options of a symbol from being modified." > > > OptionsProtected could be useful. > > >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> >> Now about preventing inadvertent changes to a functions definitions. One >> way WRI could provide this capability would be to have all symbols in the >> System` context also in a context called DefaultDefinitions`. All Symbols >> in context DefaultDefinitions` would have attributes {OptionsProtected, >> Protected, Locked}. That would make it impossible for a user to modify >> features in the DefaultDefinitions` context. >> >> Things that happen automatically behind the scenes should use symbols >> from the DefaultDefinitions` context to ensure everything always >> works correctly. So for example when definitions are automatically >> added to DownValues[f], UpValues[f], etc. they should be created using >> DefaultDefinitions`HoldPattern, and DefaultDefinitions`RuleDelayed. >> >> Imagine what could happen if you changed the meaning of RuleDelayed in >> the current Mathematica. >> >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------= >> - >> WRI could also give us a new function called SystemDefaults that would >> do the following. >> >> Attributes[SystemDefaults]={HoldRest}; >> >> SystemDefaults[All, expr] replaces all symbols in expr that are in >> the System` context with the same symbol from the DefaultDefinitions` >> context. Once the replacements are made the new form of expr evaluates. >> >> SystemDefaullts[{symb1, symb2, ...},expr] selects from {symb1, symb2, >> ....} Symbols in the System` context and replaces each instance of >> these symbols in expr with the same symbol from the DefaultDefinitions` >> context. Once the replacements are made the new form of expr evaluates >> .. >> >> ----------------------------------------------- >> >> Then I could write the following and ensure all system symbols below >> are from the DefaultDefinitions` context and it would not be possible >> to make Inadvertent changes to my function integrate. >> >> >> >> SystemDefaults[All, >> integrate[c_?NumericQ, f_, x_Symbol]:=c*integrate[f,x]; >> integrate[f_+g_,x_Symbol]:=integrate[f,x]+integrate[g,x]; >> integrate[x_Symbol,x_Symbol]:=1/2 x^2; >> integrate[_Symbol^n_?(NumericQ[#]&&TrueQ[# != -1]&), >> x_Symbol]:=1/(n+1) x^(n+1) >> ] >> >> ------------------------------------------------ >> Instead I might want to use the following to ensure >> symbols DefaultDefinitions`NumericQ, DefaultDefinitions`Power, >> DefaultDefinitions`SetDelayed are used in my definitions of integrate. No >> other symbol form the DefaultDefinitions` context would be used. >> >> >> >> SystemDefaults[{NumericQ,Power,SetDelayed}, >> integrate[c_?NumericQ f_,x_Symbol]:=c*integrate[f,x]; >> integrate[f_+g_,x_Symbol]:=integrate[f,x]+integrate[g,x]; >> integrate[x_Symbol,x_Symbol]:=1/2 x^2; >> integrate[_Symbol^n_?(NumericQ[#]&&TrueQ[#!=-1]&),x_Symbol]:=1/(n+1)x >> ^(n+1) >> ] >> >> In the above examples above use of SystemDefaults[_._] would not force >> the use of symbols from the DefaultDefinitions` context when f[t], or >> (t) in integrate[f[t], t] evaluates. >> > > Now about changing symbols like Simplify, NIntegrate, etc.: > > There might be reasons for changing these, but one could argue that a > legitimate change should extend these symbols in a mathematically > sensible way, so that other function which use them would not break > (i.e. Simplify would still simplify expression, but would be a bit > smarter, NIntegrate would still compute integrals numerically, possibly > with another method etc.) If the behaviour of these functions is > changed completely, then probably it would have been better to define > completely new functions instead. > > So I think that one should never change built-in symbols, except in the > case when it is really expected that the new definitions would be > applied even when the re-defined symbols are used inside some package > (or built-in) function. > > I see that the proposed SystemDefaults allows for excluding certain > symbols (more precisely: it allows for only including certain symbols > when rewriting them to the alternatives in DefaultDefinitions), but this > couldn't work correctly because of the nature of Mathematica: Suppose > that we're writing a new function that uses Simplify, and we want to > allow for the re-definition of Simplify, therefore we use > System`Simplify instead of DefaultDefinitions`Simplify. But if our > function "calls" a built-in function that also uses Simplify (I don't > know if there are actually any of these), the built-in function will use > DefaultDefinitions`Simplify and not the intended System`Simplify. So we > would end up with two different versions of Simplify being > inconsistently called in different situations. This sounds even more > dangerous and confusing than the current situation. > > In my (subjective) opinion, for those functions where re-definition > seems legitimate (like Simplify), WRI should provide a documented and > safe API that only allows sensible changes. And indeed they do for some > functions: Simplify has the TransformationFunctions option, NIntegrate > can be extended with new integration methods, NumericQ and Derivative > are directly assignable (NumericQ[n] = True and Derivative[1][f] = g > work without Unprotect[]ing these symbols), etc. > > To summarize: I think that one should never modify any Protected > built-in functions, except through documented APIs. But I like the idea > of OptionsProtected. > > What do other MathGroup users think about this? Are there situations > when it is legitimate to modify built-ins? > > I can give one example and show that it was a bad idea because it really > breaks things: when I was trying to get the DownValues of all symbols > returned by Names[], I changed its HoldAll attribute to HoldAllComplete > so that it would work on really strange symbols like 'x' if 'x' has the > definitions x[1]=1 and _[x] ^= x. (Question: Are there other ways of > doing this than changing the attributes of DownValues?) But with this > change, DownValues[Evaluate[sym]] ceases to work, and indeed I got lots > of error messages when I tried to open the Help Browser ... > > Szabolcs > > P.S. I hope that my broken English didn't make this long post > completely unintelligible. > > P.P.S. Your Mathematica Tricks website is really nice! > Maybe I read Ted's request a little differently. I think he is saying that however carefully you write a package for others to use, you can never make it bullet-proof because others may have made changes to built-in definitions, and then perhaps report spurious bugs in the package! So saying that people should not change built-in definitions rather misses the point. OptionsProtected, plus access to a list of any symbols that have been unprotected (regardless of whether they were re-protected) would help I think. David Bailey http://www.dbaileyconsultancy.co.uk


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Measures to facilitate medical marijuana in Maryland will be getting a hearing.
A measure sponsored by Del. Cheryl Glenn and co-sponsored by 60 House members is scheduled to get a hearing in the House Health and Government Operations Committee on Friday, along with a bill sponsored by Del. Dan Morhaim, who authored the measure enacted last year to allow medical marijuana in Maryland.
However, the program in Maryland hasn't gotten off the ground. The framework in the law requires academic medical centers to distribute marijuana to patients, and the program has stalled.
On the first day of the legislative session, Gov. Martin O'Malley expressed support for working with lawmakers to find a way to move forward on medical marijuana in a responsible way that doesn't promote recreational use.
Md. Bills to Facilitate Medical Marijuana to Be Heard
Measures to facilitate medical marijuana in Maryland will be getting a hearing.