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Once you know the costs that go into a monthly payment and how they're calculated, you can set a comfortable budget for your total finances as a homeowner.
A typical monthly payment is made up of principal and interest, and may also include taxes and insurance.
Principal is the amount of money you've borrowed or your outstanding loan balance. You pay a portion of the principal with each mortgage payment.
Interest is the amount you're charged for borrowing money and is paid directly to your mortgage servicer.
Property taxes are paid to your local government based on your home's assessed value. They may be part of your monthly payment if you have an escrow account, or paid directly to the assessor's office.
Homeowners insurance protects you against damage to your home caused by fire, theft, wind and/or other covered causes or events. A lender usually requires the insurance coverage amount to equal the property value. If you live in an area that's prone to natural disasters, like earthquakes and floods, you'll need additional policies to cover the risk.As with property taxes, homeowners insurance is paid either directly to your insurance company or as part of your monthly mortgage payment through an escrow account.
Mortgage insurance (often referred to as MI or PMI) covers lenders against nonpayment or default on a mortgage. It's usually required when the loan amount is larger than 80% of the appraised home value.
An escrow account lets you pay toward your annual tax and insurance costs each month. The money you pay is deposited into an account managed by your mortgage servicer, who makes the payments for you when tax and insurance bills are due.
Mortgage loan amortization is the gradual repayment of your loan principal you make monthly payments.
The amortization period is the amount of time it will take for you to pay off your mortgage. The longer it takes to pay off a loan, the more interest charged. Your monthly payment's interest portion is based on the scheduled amount that you owe each month.
For a fixed-rate mortgage, the monthly payment stays the same but the portion that goes toward principal increases over time. The payment's interest portion is based on the scheduled amount that you owe each month.
An amortization schedule shows a breakdown of your monthly payment into principal and interest components.
Loan Amount: $100,000 | Term of the Loan: 30 years | Interest Rate: 6%
Monthly loan payments: $599.55Total interest paid over the life of the loan: $115,838.19
For this example, starting with payment number 223 (18 � years into the loan), the principal amount is larger than the interest. By the time the last payment is due, the interest is only $2.98 compared to the last principal payment of $596.57.
Is there a maximum amortization period?
Generally, most lenders will not offer a term over 30 years.
Making extra monthly payments to pay off your mortgage early can reduce the amount of interest charged throughout your loan.
Making extra mortgage payments, above and beyond your minimum monthly payment, is an effective way to pay off your mortgage sooner. Setting up a payment plan gives you the flexibility to make the extra payments when you have the money available. Just keep in mind that you would need to specify with your lender whether you want the extra payments to be applied to your principal, or to future monthly mortgage payments.
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Find a brand new jigsaw puzzle for your collection right here in our New Releases - updated year-round! We constantly have massive shipments inbound from various manufacturers all over the world! Hundreds of great puzzles and games have just hit the shelves this month! Now is the perfect time to browse for a fun new family activity. We've even made it easy by sorting the most popular new items to the top of this page!
Click the following links to checkout ALL of our puzzles by THEME, BRAND, or our awesome DEALS!
Copyright © 2008-2020, Puzzle Warehouse, All rights reserved.
Puzzle Warehouse recycles everything it can to save the environment and to keep costs and prices low.
We are Hiring! Please fill out the employment form or send your resume to email@example.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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June Releases Sizzle
on June 18, 2013
We're well into June. So, here comes the sun . . . and the entertainment. Writerspace Top Shelf Authors with book releases this month include: Woman's Own By Robyn Carr Trade Paperback Released May 17, 2013 (reissued from 1990) Published by Liza Dawson Associates www.RobynCarr.com Ablaze against the bustle of nineteenth-century Philadelphia is this sweeping… Read More


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7,00 €
130,00 €
75,00 €
Our products associated with witchcraft, incense, oils, magic charms, energy jewelry, candles, astrology, cartomancy.
We offer a wide variety of handcrafted charms, generated with love and great respect for the rules of Magic.
Nooriya on Facebook and Hebrew and Arabic Talismans
Our sites on blogs, Nooriya and Hebrew and Arabic Talismans
Venus Spell EShop. Online store with special talismans that come from old Magical Knowledge.
astro www Home Page. Astrology, astronomy, tarot, religion, magic.


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selwynf necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 52 diseños de 22 diseñadores freelance.
Logo required for Gibraltar-funds website. The website offers information on setting up a fund in Gibraltar and talks of all the advantages of setting up a fund in Gibraltar. The Experienced investor fund is a 'sexy' new product and we're looking for a state of the art take on traditional hedge funds
We are a law firm with a department dedicated to the establishment of funds/hedge funds in Gibraltar. The idea is to brand this website which has been designed and launched to enhance the visibility of both the product and our growing department through it. Our law firm (http://www.gibraltarlawyers.com) is the oldest in Gibraltar and one of the leading ones in the jurisdiction.
We are looking for a simple, striking design using an element of the look of our law firm's design and colour scheme without it being immediately recognisable as associated with it. Tagline could be "The European alternative," although it is not essential that we have a tagline. It would be useful to have examples with and without and the idea is to reflect the fact that Gibraltar is a real alternative to other established providers of funds services. If you look at the logo of http://www.fsc.gi, it may be useful to have an outline of the Rock of Gibraltar within the logo. its important to associate the logo with Gibraltar.
rainbows... for the avoidance of doubt.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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© 2019 Ventev Wireless Infrastructure. Wireless Networking Expertise. Valued Partnerships. Complete & Customized Wireless Solutions. 1.800.851.4965 - firstname.lastname@example.com
Cisco Solutions Partner, Certified Aruba Networks Partner.
Ventev also partners with Adtran, Aerohive, Meru/Fortinet, Motorola/Extreme and Samsung to provide an ecosystem of products for any wireless network.
Wireless Solutions' Universal Wall Mounts provide a mounting solution for microwave, directional or wireless antennas including RRUs. These mounts will accept 3/4" up to 2-3/8" O.D. mounting pipes. The Wall Mount Series accommodates a stand-off range from 7" to 24".
Hollow wall versions utilize a 6" x 6" backing plate and four 1/2" x 12" galvanized threaded rods for installation. Solid wall versions include 1/2" x 2-1/2" wedge anchors. All installation hardware is included. Pipes are sold separately. Hot-dip galvanized construction for long-term reliability.
MFG Part Number: WSLDHWM-U-712
Weight: 21.21lb/9.64kg
File Downloads
For volume discounts, special requests and customized solutions, please contact a regional sales executive
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Ozzie Guillen, Marlins Finally Understanding True Impact of Castro Comments
Short of a hurricane or an armed tax-payer revolt, this had to have been Miami Marlins owner Jeffrey Loria's worst nightmare.
Loria was opening a new state of the art, tax-funded stadium in Little Havana that will cost the city two billion dollars over the next 40 years. He also paid out several hundred million dollars in salary for free agents, making his new ballplayers the nation's wealthiest public employees. This was the last, best, chance to sell baseball in South Florida. Loria desperately needed a hot start for his team and some sugary sweet media coverage for his new ballpark.
Then his new manager Ozzie Guillen decided to share his views about Cuba and Fidel Castro. Guillen tends to talk without a filter and in an interview with Time Magazine, he revealed that he happens to not believe that Castro is Satan incarnate. Saying that he "loved" Castro, Guillen explained, "I respect Fidel Castro. You know why? A lot of people have wanted to kill Fidel Castro for the last 60 years, but that son of a b---- is still here."
Casual kind words for Castro in South Florida is akin to looking at a leaky bottle of kerosene and thinking it could use a match. Now, we haven't seen outrage like this in South Florida since butterfly ballots and hanging chads.
The Miami Marlins immediately released a condemnation of Guillen but that couldn't stop a volcanic political explosion. Miami-Dade Mayor Carlos Gimenez called on the organization "to take decisive steps" against Guillen in the name of "freedom loving people." Miami-Dade County Commission Chairman Joe Martinez demanded Guillen's resignation. Cuban-American State Senator and Hispanic caucus chair Rene Garcia - in record time! - sent an open letter published in the Miami Herald calling Guillen's comments "appalling" and said he was "looking forward to further actions taken against him for his deplorable comments." Garcia also stuck Loria in the ribs by including, "What I also consider disturbing is the fact that the Miami Marlins received tax dollars from this community, including Cuban-American exiles, to fund the construction of the new stadium." Suffice it to say, many a sports commentator also want Guillen fired or suspended. In their frothy anger, they have a common demand with the Cuban hardline exile group Vigilia Mambisa. An organization that has never shied from street violence and intimidation, Vigilia Mambisa has called for protests in front of the stadium until the Miami Marlins manager is fired.
Let's leave aside the rather glaring irony that the politicians, sports commentators, and Cuban exiles want to show their love of freedom by taking Guillen's job for the crime of exercising free speech. The fact is that when looking for political consistency and clarity, Ozzie Guillen is not the best place to start. The Venezuela-born Guillen's comments on Castro are not very different from what he has always said about Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez. He has made comments very favorable about Chavez and very negative. He said, "Viva Chavez" after his Chicago White Sox won the 2005 World Series. He has also been one of Chavez's most high profile critics.
Trying to make sense of Guillen based on public utterances is a fool's errand. As someone who knows people that talk to Guillen when the cameras are off, I will try to explain his actual politics on Venezuela and Cuba. Guillen is big on a collective Latin American pride and will not abide anti-immigrant and anti-Latino words or deeds. He has a great deal of respect for the way Castro and Chavez stand up to the United States. He opposes efforts by the US to impose their will on these countries and wishes the rest of Latin America would show similar mettle.
It's not a question of the relative good or bad of Cuba's internal politics. It's a question of independence. He's also as gung ho for the United States as any manager in baseball, going as far as to fine players for not showing proper respect for the National Anthem, a practice I criticized in 2005. I know that people love portraying Ozzie Guillen as an out-there, crazy kind of guy, and that's in part because he is an out-there crazy kind of guy. But what's crazier? Guillen's views on Cuba or the fact that an aging coterie of people who mourn for the strong hand of Fulgencio Batista control the political debate in South Florida?
But this issue is bigger than Guillen and it's bigger than Cuban exiles who dream of returning to a smoldering "free Havana", with Castro's head on a pike. It's bigger than the petty hypocrisies of those who stand for freedom by denying it for others. It's now about whether the ire produced by Guillen's words will be directed against Loria, his grab of public funds, and the entire Miami baseball operation. If that happens, this issue won't die, but the Marlins might.


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White Sox manager Ozzie Guillen decided to give Omar Vizquel a start at second on Thursday, riding Vizquel's six-game hitting streak, but didn't seem to be too concerned about Beckham's ongoing battle at the plate."The only thing I worry about with Gordon, he strikes out a lot," said Guillen.
Beckham's 36 strikeouts in 143 at-bats were second on the team to Adam Dunn's 49 strikeouts in 129 at-bats before Thursday's game.
"He went through a lot of tough times last year and overcame it, came back and was the player we thought he was going to be," Guillen continued. "But right now, he's striking out quite a few times and that worries me. Besides that, nothing, nothing at all. That's part of the game. Vizquel [is playing] because I need to use him, the way he's swinging the bat."
Other White Sox links: J.J. looks for the most memorable HR in Sox history while Brett Ballantini compiles a Top-10, and FutureSox thinks it might be time to move Sox pitching prospect Nevin Griffith to the bullpen.


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Public Service Announcement
PITTSBURGH, PA — The spirit of the American Whiskey Trail continues with the 2007 Pittsburgh Whiskey Festival, Pittsburgh's first large-scale whiskey and premium spirits tasting event, to take place Friday evening, November 2, 2007 from 6:00 – 9:00 p.m. in the West Club Lounge at Heinz Field.
The 2007 Pittsburgh Whiskey Festival will attract and engage both "whiskey" and "whisky" enthusiasts alike. The festival will feature more than 60 premier distilled spirits producers and will present a wide variety of the finest Scottish, American, Canadian and Irish whiskies, including single malts and bourbons. Premium tequila, rum, gin, vodka and cognac will also be presented for tasting. The fest, sponsored by the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, will include a buffet and a silent auction.
"It is befitting for Pittsburgh to have a world-class tasting event that celebrates premium spirits," said Ed Harrell, producer of the Pittsburgh Whiskey Festival and president of the Pittsburgh Wine Festival. "In the tradition of the Pittsburgh Wine Festival, we are excited to have some of the finest distilled spirits producers in the world coming to Pittsburgh for the Whiskey Festival." The Whiskey Festival will offer whiskey and other premium spirits enthusiasts to "try before you buy" spirits that will be available through the onsite PLCB Premium Spirits store.
The heritage and history of distilled spirits in America is fascinating, with many pivotal events and landmarks in this region, from The Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 to Pittsburgh's mark on The American Whiskey Trail. "Our region is so rich with whiskey heritage" says Max Miller, Managing Partner of Raise Your Spirits, a Sensory Experience Firm that provides customized interactions with luxury spirits and products. "Any exploration of the evolution of the whiskey industry, its migration from Europe, and its importance in American culture, invariably includes western Pennsylvania. We look forward to the Pittsburgh Whiskey Festival being an exciting and anticipated tradition for years to come."
Tickets to the Pittsburgh Whiskey Festival are $85 in advance and $95 at the door. Tickets are now available for advance purchase online at www.pittsburghwhiskeyfestival.com, along with additional event information.
Picture by:
Jamie Boudreau


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贈品1: $30亞馬遜禮品卡
贈品2: 5部電腦授權
贈品3:100張16X Verbatim DVD-5光碟(僅限100份,隨機送出)
There aren't really any negatives to report here as overall the installation is simple, effective, and very straightforward. A perfect start so far.
DVDFab DVD Copy is the best DVD Copy Software - remove ANY DVD Copy protections, copy DVD and clone DVD with high quality.
Overall, DVDFab DVD Copy is an excellent DVD copy software option. It is a very easy program to navigate, giving customers great options to choose from when customizing their DVDs. Once you become familiar with the program's various options and functions, you will have no problems backing up your favorite DVDs.<
My experience with the trial versions is GREAT! I've tried all functions (over versions from 8)
For those wanting simple rips without trouble, it's easy for me to recommend it to you. Same for those wanting to purchase an all-in-one suite of physical and digital media library management tools.


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Sunflowers and Poppies
Because we have already started dreaming of summer, we decided to warm your house by bringing you great bouquets of sunflowers and poppies. If you are sun seekers like we are, but the weather keeps showings its teeth, Wentworth Wooden Puzzles will brighten your day with their 14.2" x 9.8" Sunflowers - 140 uniquely laser-cut wood pieces. Or, if you love both summer and art, Vincent Van Gogh is the answer. Thanks to Ricordi Arte and their 1500 pieces jigsaw puzzle – Sunflowers – you will forget about the cloudy weather. If you feel like taking a trip into the middle of a sunflower field, you will absolutely love the 550 pieces, 15" x 24" Sunflower Field that Sunsout has to offer. Let us not forget about those fragile flowers that cover sometimes the fields in a red that is so strong and warm that one can hardly resist the temptation of not diving into it. Of course, we are talking about poppies which come to enchant our eyes not only with colors of red, but also yellow, violet and blue. Pomegranate's 1000-Piece interlocking jigsaw puzzles combine superb color reproduction, stunning and unusual images, and heirloom-quality construction to delight generations of puzzle solvers. Therefore, feel free to try assembling the astonishingly colored Poppies, Sierra Club jigsaw puzzle or the Poppy Paradise, a 1000 pieces jigsaw puzzle brought to you by Ceaco.


text: Welcome to the Town of West Hartford's Online Recreation Registration Access Login User ID is home phone# (no dashes): Password: Remember Me? (If this is a public machine it is recommended that you do NOT turn this on). You may browse the site as a Guest, however you must Sign In as a registered user in order to register for programs. If you have an account with us, but you`ve forgotten your User ID and/or Password, please click here for a reminder email. You must contact our office if your email address has changed since your last login. If you're a brand new patron with us, please click here to register for a new account.


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Grays Athletic 0-0 Lewes (04:10:08)
Obviously we are predominantly all about European Football Weekends here on this site. Now and again however, when the mood takes me, I'm going to allow reports of the 'occasional domestic day out' to slip in under the radar. Please file any complaints regarding this policy to the usual address.
Prior this fixture both Grays and Lewes had experienced high levels of turmoil within their respective camps. Grays Chairman Mick Woodward had a brief stint as manager, decided he'd had enough and wanted to sell the club, then changed his mind as long as a Supporters Trust was set up, then Tim O'shea became manager, they win a game shock, then he goes and in steps Wayne Burnett to become the boss.
Mind you, Lewes finished Champions of the Conference South last season, sacked their manager, all the players left, the fans were upset, Internet rumours were denied that the club had applied for demotion to into the Ryman League, you know the usual gubbins. Who wouldn't want to attend a match between these two!? Anything could happen. Welcome to the world of the Blue Square Conference.
Now then, during any given non league game of football, one might expect to see a large number of anoraks. Cynical Dave and I who were to attend this match having travelled up from Brighton, were to experience one earlier than expected, on the train journey up no less. Our train guard - itching for a conversation - sat himself down next to the pair of us and made us guess prices of train tickets, told us the most expensive ticket he could issue was an £880 1st class two week rover special and as a parting shot told me that he could in fact sell a ticket to any European destination. Bizarre start to the day - tick.
As a place, it would be fair to say Grays doesn't register highly as a holiday destination. It's situated 20 miles East of London on the North Bank of the River Thames. I hadn't been before but I'd made enquiries and had been fed a negative response. The word 'dump' featured quite heavily. For the record, I thought it was alright.
As we exited Grays Station, we skipped past the now-disused State Cinema which was once used as a location in the film Who Framed Roger Rabbit? (What was that about anoraks!? - Ed), Cynical Dave got his betting fix in Corals and we resisted the urge to both buy a watch on the Saturday market "I don't wanna see a tenner - five pound to you Guv" and have a pint in the Queens pub.
Instead we headed straight for Grays Athletic's own pub, the splendid 'Blues Bar' which comes highly recommended. First thing you notice upon entering is that from the inside, you are afforded a most fantastic view overlooking the ground. It would in fact have been an idyllic spot to watch the actual match had it not been for draconian, nitwit Football League rules that state that a polite beer cannot be sunk in view of a match at this level.
The second thing to mention in the Blues bar is that - providing he is still there - you won't miss club Chairman Mick Woodward. He is everything you'd expect and want from your Chairman. Woodward has ploughed a fortune into Grays, he is certainly a character and Cynical Dave and I enjoyed our brief chat with him as we sunk our respective pre-match bevingtons. If you want to speak with him, he'll be the one with the posh suit on, propping up one corner of the bar.
At this juncture, I have to thank Phil O'Reilly in the Grays ticket office who set aside a press pass for me for this match. If this is to become a regular feature, I'll have to procure myself a pork pie hat and strap on a pig's nose for these occasions.
One thing I would say to Mick Woodward - if he is reading this - is to please dip your hand in your pocket once more to find a matching set of tracksuits for the GAFC cheerleaders. They battled with the elements, bravely tried to put on a show but looked a bit sad in a mixture of borrowed gym kits and a lack of a uniform.
There is not too much point of getting misty eyed about the stadium at Grays either. Word on the street is that they are set to move shortly. It has two banks....well small hillocks of terracing at either end, a covered all seated arrangement that passes for a main stand and a covered terrace along the opposite side which is overlooked by some residential flats. Those lucky punters can if fact watch the match from the comfort of their own living room.
I won't dwell on the match in great detail. I'll let my *cough* colleagues in the press do that. I will say that at this level I'd like Grays Jamie Stewart and Lewes's Danny Cullip in my defence any day of the week. Grays Sam Sloma, Jonny Dixon (x3) and The Rooks Scott Taylor, Sam Gargan and Anthony Barness all had shots denied by a combination of good goalkeeping, posts, crossbars and a case of very bad wind. It was blowing a Tony Gale.
I suppose also worthy of note - given that it is fairly unusual - was the fact that the referee was a woman. Ms A E Rayner was guilty in the first ten minutes of issuing free kicks to anyone who appealed for one. After that though in fairness she had a very good game, faultless in truth. I award her a pass with distinction in the old Grays whistle test.
Fans of Premiership football might not be able to comprehend this but I don't actually go to footie just to watch the actual match. Football for me has always more of a social event, I believe the Irish call it the 'craic'. This policy allows me to enjoy 100% of games rather than the 7% of matches which - according the the Carling OPTA index (probably) - are actually any good. Hence, as usual I enjoyed my day out at Grays.
So what do the various assembled media hacks do after a rip-roaring Blue Square Conference encounter!? Well, we filed our reports, sent for a fleet of taxis to take us to the Groucho Bar to sink copious amounts of beer before three knocks on the back door saw us into the Chinawhite nightclub. It was either that or we got the train back home via a rail replacement bus service between Haywards Heath and Brighton to meet Big Deaks in the Lord Nelson - I forget which.


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Published since 1953, WESTERN OUTDOOR NEWS is the only sportsmans weekly in the western United States, and the largest weekly fishing and hunting newspaper in the country. Serving the interests of fishermen and hunters living in and around California, it is published in two editions - one each for northern and southern California.
Special bonus supplements and sections are included in most issues of WON on specific topics such as long range fishing, trout or bass fishing and the major fishing and hunting events in our area. There are also the regular monthly supplements, WON BASS, California Guns and Hunting, and many others which cater to specific, targeted interest that are of huge importance to specific readers.
Editorial coverage includes both freshwater and saltwater fishing throughout the state, as well as hunting. Weekly departments include Baja Beat, Map Feature, Hunting Dogs, Shooting, Private Boater Spotlight, Satellite Image, Tide Tables and Trout Plants. Our staff of reporters provide weekly columns focused on saltwater fishing, bass fishing, fishing in Baja, hunting throughout the state and DFG questions and answers. The ever-popular Fishing Formcharts provide a review and forecast of fishing opportunities available across the state and are conveniently referenced by geographic location.
If you want to submit a short article or a photo to WON and/or to this website, there is a button at the top left of the page that was created especially for this purpose. It is the one that reads "Submit Reader Reports HERE." Please give us as much information and details as possible about your catch, including what, where, when, weight, size, using what and with whom. If with a guide or on a charter boat, include the name and any other information which would be of interest to others. You can also send in your reports or photos using regular email to:
WON Reader Reports- Send in your catch reports and Photos here
Pat McDonell- WON Editor -949-366-0030 ext33
Merit McCrae- WON Saltwater Editor - 949-366-0030 ext 37
Brad Schweit - WON Freshwater Editor -949-366-0030 ext 43
Bill Karr - Northern California Editor - 530-642-0870
If you want to start a new subscription or are having trouble with an existing subscription, contact our circulation fulfillment company at: WON Subscription Services.
Display advertising department - 949-366-0030 ext 32 or email at: Click Here
Classified advertising sales - 949-366-0030 ext 28 or email at: Click Here
Online Media Kit for Western Outdoor News, Our events and WONEWs.com
You can contact our business offices by calling 949-366-0030
If you need to contact us by email you can: CLICK HERE


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Live updates
Bradford man guilty of terrorism
Mohammed Sajid Khan from Bradford is believed to have been in the early stages of building an improvised explosive device to target Jewish communities in Manchester.
Between March and July 2011, he and his wife began to access online bomb-making manuals and bought products which could be used to build an explosive device.
His plot, planned with his wife Shasta Khan, was discovered by officers from the North West Counter Terrorism Unit.
They are due to be sentenced at Manchester Crown Court tomorrow. Mohammed Sajid Khan pleaded guilty to engaging in conduct in preparation for acts of terrorism at an earlier hearing.


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Live Blog: Opinions | 6.17.10
This morning starting at 10 a.m. Eastern, the Court is expected to issue one or more opinions. We will relay them in the Live Blog below, with the assistance of our reporter at the Court, Lyle Denniston.
We will publish the full texts of any slip opinions released in a separate post.
Supreme Court Opinions, June 17


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Self-driving motor vehicles, once thought to be a subject only fit for science fiction, are becoming a reality.
Morgan Stanley Blue Papers, a product of our Research Division, involve collaboration from analysts, economists and strategists across the globe and address long-term, structural business changes that are reshaping the fundamentals of entire economies and industries around the globe.
Autonomous cars are no longer the stuff of science fiction. Cars with basic autonomous capability are in showrooms today; semiautonomous cars are coming in a matter of months rather than years. Completely autonomous cars are set to be available before the end of the decade.
In the not-distant future, children may not believe that their parents used to drive cars, any more than most of us today can imagine holding the reins of horse-drawn buggies. Considering how central the car is to modern life everywhere, the social and economic implications are enormous. Autonomous cars will offer better safety features and more efficiency. They will transform the auto-industry business model, pivoting from engines, gears and wheels to software, content and "user experience." Getting anywhere could literally become half the fun.
Related businesses, such as telecoms, software, media, freight transportation, semiconductors and insurance, will also face disruption and opportunity. There will undoubtedly be bumps in the road, including the issues of liability, infrastructure and consumer acceptance. However, none of these issues appears insurmountable.
Driving Savings, Productivity
The bottom-line savings alone are formidable. "Beyond the practical benefits, autonomous cars could contribute $1.3 trillion in annual savings to the US economy alone, with global savings estimated at over $5.6 trillion," wrote Ravi Shanker, Morgan Stanley lead analyst covering the North American auto and related industries, in a research note. For the US, it could represent 8% in annual GDP, the reallocation of which could have major implications of its own.
Productivity gains would come to $507 billion annually in the US, where Americans spend some 75 billion hours a year driving. Instead of staring at the blacktop, worrying about the right exit ramp, wondering whether the incoming call or text is important, commuters are free to catch up on work, more sleep, the show they missed last night, or the latest deals online. Content for commuters holds out all sorts of business and consumer possibilities.
The auto industry will have to shift gears. The growth of software as a value-added part of the car is likely to divide the industry into dedicated "hardware" and "software" makers, with a crucial role for vertically integrated "experience" makers, who control every aspect of the automobile. This structure would be similar to that of today's smartphone or computer industries. Add to this, the content providers for the now idle passengers.
Speed Bumps
Most of the concerns or obstacles to mass adoption of autonomous vehicles are largely practical or procedural in nature. What's more, these issues appear relatively easy to solve. For example, the question of liability, seemingly insurmountable when considering the current complexities, may not arise at all if all jurisdictions went "no fault."
Technology is not an issue. The capability to make a self-driving car is largely available today and only needs incremental research and development, mostly in the area of testing, durability, reliability and cost reduction, all of which have largely visible paths. This is one of the few areas of agreement across the auto industry, futurists and adjacent market players.
Pricing doesn't seem to be the issue either. "We estimate full autonomous capability will add only about $10,000 to the cost of a car, at today's prices, which we expect will fall significantly by the time the technology is ready to be commercialized," Shanker says.
Skepticism Is Only Human
Yet, the idea of a driverless car is still so fantastical that it struggles to get respect. Broaching the concept as something real is still met with eye-rolling and deep skepticism, even among people within the auto industry who are actively working on autonomous car technology.
Public opinion on self-driving cars remains split. It's just not that easy for many people to imagine putting their lives, or the lives of their loved ones, into the passenger seat of an autonomous car. Acceptance and adoption will take time. As the technology begins to prove itself in terms of safety, reliability, savings and convenience, opinion could quickly shift from, "I don't want to share the road with robots" to "I don't want to share the road with people driving their own cars."
Other potential obstacles often mentioned include building sufficient infrastructure, government regulation and ethical issues. But the potential gains are persuasive: less fatalities and injuries due to driver errors and negligence, emergency response and medical savings, less lawsuits, reduced road congestion, and the potential to re-engineer a core global industry that will ripple through every aspect of the economy and every turn of our mobile lives.
Morgan Stanley Research's Blue Paper "Autonomous Cars: Self-Driving the New Auto Industry Paradigm" (Nov 6, 2013) offers an in-depth look at this exciting topic, based on the collective expertise of its analysts, interviews with futurists, top industry executives and others. Explore more Ideas and Research, or contact your Morgan Stanley representative for the full report. Find a Financial Advisor to discuss your investment goals and strategy.


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Sputnik News – The British Defence Ministry said last month that the multinational war games, dubbed Baltic Protector, underlined the "importance of protecting Europe at a time of increased threat" amid ongoing tensions with Russia. Source: New feedRead More »
Global Markets: Asian stocks off four-month lows, but Huawei row weighs
Yahoo News – Asian shares won some respite on Tuesday after Washington temporarily eased trade restrictions imposed last week on China's Huawei, although fears of a further escalation in tensions kept investors on edge. Financial spread-betters expect London's FTSE Frankfurt's DAX and Paris's CAC Source: New feedRead More »
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Yahoo News – Google is blocking Chinese technology giant Huawei from future updates to some of its phone apps, such as YouTube and Google Maps. This comes as the White House has blacklisted Huawei over concerns that the company could spy on American data networks. BBC News technology correspondent Rory …Read More »


text:
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First American Financial Corporation Names Mark E. Seaton As Chief Financial Officer
March 28, 2013, Santa Ana, Calif.,
First American Financial Corporation (NYSE: FAF), a leading global provider of title insurance and settlement services for real estate transactions, announced today that Mark E. Seaton has been named chief financial officer.
Seaton, who began his career with First American in 2006 and until his appointment served as senior vice president of finance, will replace current Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Max O. Valdes, who is retiring after 25 years with the company. Valdes will remain with the company until March 2014 to assist with the transition.
During his tenure with First American, Seaton's roles have included management of the company's financial planning, treasury, investments and investor relations activities. In addition, he has been a driving influence on the company's strategic planning and margin improvement initiatives.
"Mark's proven financial management and strategic planning skills make him an ideal choice to fill the chief financial officer role," said Dennis Gilmore, chief executive officer of First American Financial Corporation. "These skills, together with the depth of his knowledge about our company and our industry, have earned him the confidence of our employees, our board of directors and our investors."
Prior to joining First American, Seaton worked in private equity and in the investment banking industry. He holds a bachelor's degree in economics from Stanford University and a Master of Business Administration degree from The Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College.
Valdes joined First American in 1988 and filled a variety of financial management roles prior to being named CFO of First American Financial Corporation in 2010. "Max's contribution to our company over the last 25 years will have a lasting impact," Gilmore noted. "As we streamlined our business and positioned it for growth over the last several years, his counsel and leadership proved invaluable."
About First American
First American Financial Corporation (NYSE: FAF) is a leading provider of title insurance and settlement services to the real estate and mortgage industries, that traces its heritage back to 1889. First American also provides title plant management services; title and other real property records and images; valuation products and services; home warranty products; property and casualty insurance; and banking, trust, and investment advisory services. With revenues of approximately $4.5 billion in 2012, the company offers its products and services directly and through its agents throughout the United States and abroad. More information about the company can be found at www.firstam.com.


text:
I was provided a rental car by my insurance company after my own car broke down more than 100km from home.
The insurance company arranged for me to collect a rental car from a place in Wanaka.
The car was a Subaru wagon which was in OK condition, it had some prior damage to the front spoiler but other than that appeared fine.
I had the vehicle for three days and returned it today.
When I collected the car there was no inspection done nor anything done when I returned it despite me parking it 3 metres from the office.
Four hours after I dropped it off I got a txt from the rental agent telling me the car had a cracked windscreen on the drivers side and they were getting quotes for me to pay for it. Glass cover is not covered by the insurance apparently.
I am certain the vehicle had no crack in the windscreen when I took it back, especially on the drivers side as I would have noticed it.
I replied that the vehicle was not damaged when I returned it and have left it at that for now, apparently they are going to contact me in the morning.


text:
Texas texting ban remains an uphill climb
Despite earlier resistance from Perry, lawmakers target distracted driving again
Gov. Rick Perry is not the only person in Texas opposed to a statewide ban on texting while driving. He is just the only one stopping it, placing Texas among the diminishing list of states without a comprehensive distracted driving law.
With seven bills aimed at curbing use of handheld wireless devices on Texas roadways, lawmakers are returning to a text messaging ban for all drivers that was passed two years ago, only to be vetoed by Perry.
Lawmakers on Tuesday said they would work to change that.
Three who have thrown their support behind Senate Bill 28 and House Bill 63, which together would form the Alex Brown Memorial Act barring distracted driving in Texas, held at a news conference with family members whose relatives have died in distracted driving accidents.
The proposed Alex Brown Memorial Act is named for a Lubbock-area teen who was texting four friends when she became distracted and flipped her pickup in 2009.
"Things happened so quickly," Jeanne Brown said as she tearfully told her daughter's story. "All it takes is a split second to lose control."
Distracted driving tragedies continue across Texas. State Rep. Jose Menendez, D-San Antonio, said 6-year-old Cub Scout Brandon Adams was killed last week by a teen driver, suspected of being drunk and distracted because he was talking on his cell phone.
"We, as Texans, need to raise a generation of people who know you don't use this," Menendez said, holding up a cell phone, "when you're driving."
Menendez's bill, House Bill 41, would bar drivers from using a wireless device in a vehicle unless it is in park.
Lots of support
The bills have the support of the Insurance Council of Texas, the Texas Medical Association, AAA Texas and wireless communication company AT&T.
"As an emergency room physician I've been involved in the worst days of most people's lives," said Dr. Robert Greenberg, of Temple, who spoke on behalf of the Texas Medical Association. "The tragedies are worse when they're avoidable. Texting while driving is avoidable … We need to pass this legislation."
Texas already bans texting by drivers under 18, in school zones, and by bus drivers who carry children, all pieces of legislation that Perry signed.
State Rep. Patricia Harless, R-Spring, said she was confident public pressure would persuade Perry to sign a distracted driving bill, if passed.
"There is conversation with his office," Harless said. "We are confident with the input that we get from you … that there will be pressure to let this pass into law. "
Any bill that comes the governor's way will get reviewed, spokesman Josh Havens said in an email. Perry believes "the key to dissuading drivers from texting while driving is information and education, not government micromanagement," Havens wrote.
It is the same rationale Perry used when he vetoed a texting bill in 2011.
Nationally, the momentum to curb distracted driving has accelerated in the interim.
The number of states banning text messaging by drivers increased from 19 in 2009 to 39 at the end of 2012, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. In Texas, 25 cities have banned texting while driving, including San Antonio and Austin.
Bills were pending in five of those remaining 11 states: Arizona, Texas, Florida, New Mexico and South Carolina.
Backers flabbergasted
Texas is the only state whose legislators passed a statewide ban, only to have the governor veto it.
Few, if any lawmakers deny the growing pile of data showing text messaging distracts drivers, and even opponents of a ban have said educational campaigns are warranted.
Supporters said they often are flabbergasted at the logic behind opposition to such a law.
"They think it is something that infringes upon people's liberties, when really what it does is save lives," said Arizona State Sen. Steve Farley.
Farley, a Tucson Democrat, was the first state legislator in America to file a texting ban bill. His proposal, however, has failed for seven consecutive years. During that time, he said partisan bickering has been the biggest obstacle.
"Now, we're in a climate where so many people on the right feel they can turn down money if it has strings attached, any strings or what they think are strings," Farley said.
The current federal transportation bill offers grants to states that ban texting behind the wheel, but does not threaten states with less money if they do not comply.
Terri Langford reported from Austin.


text:
Hello all, this is Stephen here at MetaGeek. I just wanted to post a quick thread to give you some guidelines on how posts in the feature request section should be.
1: Title. Your title should be the feature request itself. So if you are requesting a feature in Chanalyzer Pro that lets you bold the font in the report builder your title should be something like "Bold Font Option in Report Builder".
2: Body. The body of your post should be descriptive and give a good clear idea of what you would like to see. Maybe even include some ideas as to how it could happen (as from my previous example, you could provide details like "I would like to see a button that allows you to bold the font. The button should be like a standard text editor and easy to find".)
3: Be realistic. Though programming can solve an almost infinite amount of issues, there are limits. You should make sure your feature request is realistic. From my example, a bold button is a very realistic feature request, however, asking for a feature that will automatically detect what item is causing interference, its make and model, and give you the direct longitude and latitude coordinates along with turn-by-turn GPS navigation to take you to the item is just a tad bit unrealistic.
4: Be respectful. We love to get feature requests from users as it helps us tailor our products to what our users want. It makes it a lot easier if that user is respectful about what they are asking and open to the possibility of the feature not being added. We work hard each day to improve our product and test several features. Some features just don't make the cut.
Thanks guys, please keep sending in your requests!


text:
Clinical Trials
Drug Interactions of Amprenavir and Efavirenz, in Combination With a Second Protease Inhibitor, in HIV-Negative Volunteers
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Information provided by (Responsible Party)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
First received: May 25, 2000
Last updated: July 19, 2013
Last Verified: July 2013
History of Changes
The purpose of this study is to measure the blood levels of amprenavir (APV) alone, APV
combined with efavirenz (EFV), and APV/EFV combined with a third drug (nelfinavir [NFV],
indinavir [IDV], ritonavir soft gel capsules [RTV sgc], or saquinavir soft gel capsules [SQV
Anti-HIV therapy with 3 or 4 drugs is currently the recommended approach for treating HIV infections. Doctors need to know the best dosages of certain drugs when they are given in combination. This study will measure the blood levels of APV alone, APV combined with EFV, and APV/EFV plus a second PI in healthy volunteers. It will study the safety and tolerance of these drugs.
HIV Infections
Drug : Indinavir sulfate
Drug : Ritonavir
Drug : Amprenavir
Drug : Nelfinavir mesylate
Drug : Efavirenz
Drug : Saquinavir
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:
|Pharmacokinetic Interaction Studies of Amprenavir (APV), Efavirenz (EFV), and a Second Protease Inhibitor in HIV-Seronegative Volunteers
Further study details as provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):
|Study Start Date:
|March 2001
|Study Completion Date:
|May 2004
Detailed Description:
Triple-drug antiretroviral regimens have become the recommended approach to therapy for HIV
infection. [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: The clinical use of multiple-drug antiretroviral
regimens containing various combinations of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
(NRTIs), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and protease inhibitors
(PIs) has become a widespread approach to therapy for HIV infection, especially for patients
previously treated with PIs.] Since the introduction of PIs, a greater awareness of the
relationship between optimal suppression of viral replication, genotypic resistance, and
viral rebound has led to the design of more potent antiretroviral drug combinations. Two ACTG
clinical trials addressing the issue of virologic failure utilize antiviral regimens that
include 2 NRTIs, 2 PIs (one of which is APV), and EFV (NNRTI). Although this drug combination
is logical, there is limited PK data to guide the dosing selection. This study enrolls
healthy volunteers to obtain PK profiles and metabolic assessments of APV/EFV before and
after the addition of a second PI [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: APV alone, APV combined with
EFV, and APV/EFV combined with a second PI].
Upon study entry, volunteers receive APV plus EFV for 2 weeks. [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: Volunteers receive a single dose of APV alone on Day 0, EFV alone on Days 1 to 10, and APV combined with EFV on Days 11 to 13.] After 2 weeks [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: After completion of the second PK visit], volunteers are randomized to 1 of 5 treatment arms to add a second PI to the APV/EFV drug combination for 2 more weeks [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: for at least 1 week]. The treatment arms are as follows:
Arm A (control arm): APV and EFV alone. Arm B: APV and EFV plus IDV [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: APV and EFV plus NFV]. Arm C: APV and EFV plus NFV [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: APV and EFV plus IDV]. Arm D: APV and EFV plus RTV sgc. Arm E: APV and EFV plus SQV sgc. On Day 14, 15, or 16, volunteers return to the clinic for PK testing following the dual-drug regimen, and again on Day 29, 30, or 31 following the triple-drug regimen (or continued dual-drug regimen for Arm A). [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: Volunteers attend clinics for PK testing on Days 0 and 1 (first visit), after taking the dual-drug regimen for at least 3 days (second visit, e.g., on Day 14 or after), and after taking the triple-drug regimen (or, if in Arm A, after continuing on the dual-drug regimen) for at least 7 days (third visit).] Before each PK testing, volunteers complete an Adherence Questionnaire. [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: The Adherence Questionnaire is administered at the second and third PK visits.] Volunteers maintain a food diary. Two to three weeks after completing the drug regimen [AS PER AMENDMENT 12/4/00: Within 2-3 weeks after the third PK visit], volunteers return to the clinic for evaluations and urine and blood sampling.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 65 Years
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria
Volunteers may be eligible for this trial if they:
- Are HIV negative.
- Are 18 to 65 years old.
- Agree to practice birth control and not donate sperm while on the study and for 3 months after, if a man. (This study has been changed. Male volunteers are now prohibited from donating sperm.)
- Have a stable weight during the past 6 months of at least 110 pounds and are close to ideal body weight.
- Are women able to have children.
- Have heart or blood disease, kidney disease, stomach or intestinal problems, conditions affecting the nervous system, hormonal problems, any immune system problems, lung disease, or mental conditions, including the following: high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, asthma, elevated cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, inflamed pancreas, and blood-clotting disorders requiring anticoagulation.
- Have any stomach or intestinal problem that may interfere with the ability to take drugs
- Have any other medical condition that may interfere with being part of the study.
- Have been diagnosed with serious mental disorders such as depression, bipolar affective disorder, schizophrenia, or attempted suicide. Patients who have had less serious mental conditions that have been resolved may be included in the study, with approval.
- Have received protease inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, or experimental agents (not approved by the FDA for the use for which it is being tested) within 60 days of study entry.
- Have received treatment for an infection or other medical illness within 14 days of study entry.
- Have had high unexplained fever, or an illness with high fever lasting 3 or more days within 14 days of study entry.
- Have a history of allergies to any of the study drugs or their components, such as gelatin.
- Have used prescribed medications within 14 days of study entry.
- Have used natural or homeopathic remedies including herbal teas within 14 days of entering the study.
- Are unable to follow the schedule for study drugs during the trial.
- Are unable to participate in the blood level studies.
- Actively abuse drugs or alcohol.
- Change existing tobacco smoking habits during the study.
- Cannot avoid strenuous exercise or constant activity for the study period.
- Cannot avoid taking caffeine or alcohol at certain times before the blood level studies.
- Have had an allergic reaction to any drugs.
- (This protocol has been changed. Entry criteria are different from the original.)
Exclusion Criteria
Volunteers will not be eligible for this trial if they:
Contacts and LocationsChoosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision.Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00005762
Locations Show More
|United States, California
|Stanford CRS
|Palo Alto, California, United States, 943055107
|United States, Colorado
|University of Colorado Hospital CRS
|Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80262
|United States, Hawaii
|Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Leahi Hosp.
|Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, 96816
|United States, Indiana
|Indiana Univ. School of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Clinic
|Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 462025250
|United States, Maryland
|Johns Hopkins Adult AIDS CRS
|Baltimore, Maryland, United States
|United States, Ohio
|The Ohio State University Medical Center
|Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210
|United States, Tennessee
|Vanderbilt Univ. Med. Ctr., AIDS Clinical Trials Ctr.
|Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37203
|United States, Washington
|University of Washington AIDS CRS
|Seattle, Washington, United States, 98104
Sponsors and CollaboratorsNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
|Study Chair:
|Gene Morse
More Information
|Responsible Party:
|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00005762 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|May 25, 2000
|Last Updated:
|July 19, 2013
Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):Drug Interactions
Drug Therapy, Combination
HIV Protease Inhibitors
Dosage Forms
Anti-HIV Agents
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
HIV Infections
HIV Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on March 27, 2020
This information is provided by ClinicalTrials.gov.


text:
Algren, Nelson
Algren, Nelson ôl´grən [key], 1909–81, American novelist, b. Detroit. He grew up in Chicago, and much of his fiction is set in the slums. His novels, such as Never Come Morning (1942), The Man with the Golden Arm (1949), and A Walk on the Wild Side (1956), are brutally realistic. In a lighter vein are the personal sketches collected in Who Lost an American (1963), Notes from a Sea Diary (1965), and The Last Carousel (1973).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: American Literature: Biographies


text: The PanaVise 705-810AMP Universal Holder with Window Mount provides a secure, yet portable solution for holding an iPod, iPhone, smartphone, GPS, or any other portable electronic device in a vehicle. The rotating jaws and swivel base allow the screen to be positioned at nearly any angle for best viewing. Features: • The perfect holder for today's smaller electronics including iPod, iPod nano and iPhone mobile digital devices, cell phones, Blackberrys, MP3 players, and handheld GPS units • Closed, the sure-grip jaws are only 1.3 inches wide • Fully open, the jaws are 2.4 inches wide • Easy-to-use: squeeze the jaws closed for a secure fit; open them with the quick-release button • Jaws are 1" tall and covered in soft rubber – won't scratch the electronics • The 705 is available separately for use with PanaVise InDash custom dash mounts • AMPS-compatible mounting: easily installs to any AMPS-style mount • Built-in Tipper™ tilts 30° in all directions; rotates 360° • The included 810AMPS Suction Cup Mount holds securely while allowing easy transportability between vehicles


text:
Deciding where to start telling the story of a long run is always a bit challenging; when the run in question is 24 hours and 73 miles long, finding an entry point is even more daunting. However, with the New Jersey Trail Series One Day now two weeks behind me, I figure I need to just sit down and get some of the experience written out before it fades too far into the past. I don't expect this to be terribly linear, but then the experience itself wasn't exactly linear either — rather it took the shape of the course itself, looping back onto itself again and again, much more temporal than spatial.
But I digress already. Before I give myself overly entirely to digressions, however, I want to once again thank all the people who donated to my fundraiser though CrowdRise: thanks to all of you, I raised $2,601 for ALS research and care. Your support and encouragement, as well as the thoughts of my uncle Chris and my friend Ian's father and their current battles with ALS truly motivated me to push myself further and farther than I have before.
But I was speaking I of my thoughts looping about like the course. . .
1: The Course
I think I should start by describing the course. It's sort of remarkable how well I can picture it in my mind, but I suppose 73 laps of the same mile will engrave most details indelibly in your memory. The course looped around the grounds of the Sussex County fair grounds in the hinterlands of New Jersey, roughly 90 minutes from Brooklyn. When I arrived there was frost on the grass and my breath was fogging the morning air as I pitched my tent just off the course route before picking up my bib.
The starting line was set up between a large event barn and a concession kitchen, which was the aide station for the event. On one side of the starting mat, the table where the race director or one of his kids sat to shout out what lap you had just completed in case the large monitor flashing your name and distance didn't get your attention; on the other side, tables stocked with pretzels, potato-chips, trail-mix and a variety of drinks. After running straight from the starting line, you took a right directly in front of the restrooms and the small patch of grass where I'd pitched my tent. The course then followed an asphalt road for about 50 yards, did a 180 turn around, following the road back towards a large parking lot and past a number of support teams who had set up tents or simply propped open the back of a van or SUV to supply their runnier with food, drinks, and new socks. There was a sharp right, up a very slight incline ("Walk the hills!" someone inevitably joked, but just as inevitably we all did, in fact, walk the slight incline as if it were a hill), then the course looped around the edge of the fairgrounds on a 20 foot wide service road, an empty parking lot to the left and a wall of brittle, autumnal trees to the right. After about a half a mile, the course cut a sharp left between some livestock pens and became rough gravel for about a hundred yards before turning back into asphalt as the path worked its way through the heart of the fairground. Then with a sharp right you were back at the start.
One mile exactly. Again and again and again.
2: "Won't You Get Bored Running the Same Mile Over and Over?"
This was the one question everyone asked, and honestly it was my biggest concern before starting: that the course would become so tedious and repetitive that the run would become more a feat of mental than physical endurance. Surprisingly, however, I never got bored of the course. Not once. My body grew tired, and the slight hill at the edge of the parking lot eventually felt like a serious mountain after encountering it for the fiftieth time, but I never grew tired of running the same mile.
One reason was that it was never actually the same mile. The day had progressed and the sun's rays were cast differently across the landscape; shadows that were short became long, or the gilded light of a late autumn afternoon softened the edges of the buildings. The leaves that had been rustling with a strong breeze before were now silent, or perhaps a crooked V of migrating geese would pass, honking, overhead. On one lap you might be talking to the woman who had just run her first marathon three weeks ago or the 70 year old man who was walking the entire event, or more often you would be silent, by yourself. Your muscles might be sore or not, the clouds dividing just enough so that the full moon and Orion could peek through or else blocking the sky in solid black. But each lap was different, while at the same time identical, a zen koan looping through a New Jersey fairground. The course was like a performance art piece, each loop letting me see the mile anew. Or perhaps it was a minimalist opera, the slight shifting repetition of Einstein on the Beach translated into a foot race. My thoughts constantly returned to that line from T.S. Eliot's Four Quartets: "We shall not cease from exploring / And the end of all our exploring / Will be to arrive where we started / And know the place for the first time."
It was repetitive. It was long. But it was never boring. Peaceful, painful, nearly eternal in the middle stretches, where one didn't quite remember staring and couldn't quite imagine finishing. But not boring. Never that.
3: The First 50 Miles (or so)
It's odd to summarize a race in sections that are each the size of a marathon or even an ultra, but the first 30 miles went by easily. The day started off cold but clear — we had ideal weather, with a pale-blue sky and just enough chill to make you feel energized. I started with a long-sleeved shirt but ran much of the day in a singlet and shorts. The start of a 24 hour race is a funny thing, as no one sets out at a real "run" and there's none of the usual jockeying for position or darting around slower runners. There were only about 50 of us anyway, and everyone started off at a respectable jog, or else just walking.
My goal was to do 100 miles. Ambitious for my first 24 hour race, but I figured a 12:30 pace for 25 minutes and then a 5 minute walk break would be a sustainable pattern, and for the first 40 miles or so it was. I started out a bit faster, then slowed down somewhat, but generally just ran steadily and felt great. I talked to a few people here and there but mostly was quiet, content to be with myself and my thoughts. I didn't have any music — my plan was to run without anything until night, then listen to an audio-book overnight, and finally break out the tunes to give me a boost in the final morning hours.
At some point in the first 10 miles or so I made the turn at the top of "the hill," and I was struck with the beauty of the autumn leaves and the crisp air, and overwhelmed with a sense of thankfulness and joy at having the opportunity to run on this day, at this place, at this event. The most common reaction when I would tell people I was doing a 24 hour race was that I must be insane to want to do that to myself, but all I was experiencing was pure joy. One of the few downsides of not believing in god is not having a focus for devotion. I did a slight salutation with hands folded in gassho, muttered an "Om Mani Peme Hung," and then offered up a spontaneous prayer to nothing and no one in particular: "Thank you for this mile, and all the miles that preceded it. And thank you for the miles yet to come, whatever may occur." That was the mindset I had and hoped to maintain for the race — not to merely accept whatever occurred, but to be thankful for it, regardless of how it turned out, to embrace with joy 100 miles or 50 miles, a triumphant finish or a twisted ankle and sudden end. I don't know exactly how many miles I was into the race at that point, but for every lap after that when I made that turn I repeated my small personal ritual: folded hands, Om Mani Peme Hung, and my prayer of thanks. I must have repeated it 50 or 60 times more times at least. So I ran and ate, talked some and gave thanks and stopped to get a picture of myself at 26.2.
Then 31 miles passed, and every step after that was a distance PR. 40 miles went past, and I was still feeling strong. Somewhere in the 40's, however, my right knee started feeling a bit tight. My right knee is my one lingering ailment. It used to bother me a lot when I started running, but it hadn't bothered me since the Brooklyn Marathon back in the fall of 2011. But then again, I'd never run this far before. This was frustrating because my muscles felt fine and I had lots of energy, but my knee didn't want to cooperate. I walked a bit more, hoping I could just ignore it, and at some point the sun started to set, and since it's winter in the North, it started to set early, and once it started its descent, vanished quickly. One lap it was the golden twilight hour; the next lap it was a dim dusk gloaming; then it was pitch black.
My knee slowly started to feel worse and worse. Most frustrating was the fact that the transition from walking to running was what hurt the most, and of course taking walk breaks was the only way I would be able to finish the race. My feet started to hurt as well, so I switched into my minimal sandals, which made for a great conversation starter in a crowd largely shod in Hokas. After a bit more than eleven hours, I passed 50 miles.
The race director shouted out that I was on pace to do 100 miles, but I only grimaced, as that would entail maintaining the same pace for another half a day, and with each mile I was slowing. I finished 52 miles in 12 miles — almost 2 marathons exactly — and then I hit the wall.
4: Finding A Limit
As a long distance runner, I've been familiar with the term "hitting the wall" for years, though I've never really experienced it. I messed up my knee when training for my first half-marathon, and it gave out about 1 mile before the finish line of that race, forcing me to hobble over the finish in tears, but that's not "the Wall." When I ran my first marathon with M in 2008, she wanted to keep pushing to break four hours in the last two miles, and I just couldn't make myself go that fast and the last two miles were a painful blur, but that's not really "the Wall," either. Or maybe it was, and most runners just exaggerate what the end of a marathon feels like, because after 10 or so half marathons, three marathons, and a 50K, I'd never experienced anything that I'd describe as "hitting the wall."
That night, in the dark, however, I hit a wall. My knee had been slowing me, but now my run, which had always been more of a jog, started to be more of a shuffle. With the sun down, the temperature dropped into the 30s, and the slower I ran the less body heat I generated and the colder I got. I lost time struggling into running tights and my jacket, then added sweatpants, and a hoodie. Two layers of socks, two layers of gloves, two hats — and I was still cold. I broke out the audiobooks that my coworker, Roger, had lent me on an old iPhone, but it wasn't as focusing as I'd hoped; I was merely too exhausted to concentrate on either the narrative OR my running. After knocking out 52 miles in the 12 hours before 9 PM, it took me over 3 hours to finish the next 6 miles.
I still was offering up my prayer of thanks every lap, and somehow, as incredible as it may sound, I was still taking joy in each lap, but things were coming apart quickly. My feet hurt, my knee hurt, and I couldn't get warm. After shuffling over the starting mat for mile 58, I sat on a bench and took stock. For the last three laps, I had only managed to stumble around the course at a 30 minute mile, and since I couldn't go any faster, I wasn't going to be able to get any warmer and I was already wearing every layer I had brought with me. Forget finishing, I was beginning to worry about getting hypothermia.
I had to admit it — I needed a break. Forcing myself to keep moving was at the best pointless, at the worst, injurious. There was no way I was going to make my goal of 100 miles, as suddenly breaking into a run for the next 11 hours wasn't happening. I'd done 50 miles, which was a distance I'd never run before. I decided a radically scaled back new goal could be 100K (62 miles), and if I got some sleep and woke up at 7 that would get me a little over 6 hours of sleep and I'd still have 2 hours to get in 4 miles.
I didn't feel bad about giving in; at that point, I really felt I didn't have a choice. It wasn't a lack of dedication — the spirit was willing, but the flesh was weak. One of the reasons I've pushed the distances I've run is that I've been looking for a limit, a point of failure that would let me know I'd hit some sort of extremity past which I simply couldn't go. The fact that I've completed each new distance left me with the lingering doubt that I hadn't pushed myself hard enough or far enough. Staggering into the restroom at 12:45 before heading to my tent, however, I knew for certain that I'd pushed myself as far as I could go — at least for the time being. There was a limit to how far stubbornness, grit, and determination will take you without actual training. I'd prepared for the race by simply sticking to my regular 30 mile weeks, with one 31 mile training run thrown in in for good measure. Obviously, that hadn't been enough.
I took a picture in the bathroom mirror, and posted it to Facebook with the following text:
The last few hours have been some of the most humbling of my life. It took me 12 hours to run 52 miles, and 3 hours to stumble the last 6. A 30 minute mile isn't keeping up my body temperature, and since it's so cold, I think I have no choice but to call it a night at 58. I'm going to try to get up at 7 and hobble out 4 more for a 100k, but this might be it.
Then I went to find my sleeping bag. My body seemed to take the point of actual surrender as a signal that it could give up as well, as I suddenly became horribly nauseated, and had to rush to the garbage can where I spent a good three minutes violently throwing up everything I'd eaten over the last 12 hours. I threw up repeatedly until my stomach was entirely empty, waving off a few supportive runners while insisting I was fine. I managed to get back inside to a sink, rinse out my mouth, then stumbled the 20 feet to my tent.
I found a handkerchief to wipe my face with, pulled off my sandals, then crawled into my sleeping back wearing all my various layers. I was a bit concerned when I realized I couldn't straighten my legs all the way; I tried massaging my muscles, but my hands were mostly numb and I eventually just accepted my knees would remain bent. 58 miles in a bit over 15 hours. I thought I had 4 more in me in the morning, but was also resigned to the fact that I was most likely out of the race. I set an alarm for seven and was asleep almost at once.
5: Forced to Quit, Choosing to Go On
At some point I half awoke and became aware of voices, the sounds of people chatting down at the aid station on the half hushed tones that one uses at a campsite in the middle of the night. Is it morning already? I wondered. My phone read 3:45 AM. I'd been out for three hours, and had more than three hours until I had to get up. I stretched my legs, and I could straighten them. My muscles were sore, but I could move, and my head was clear again. I lay on my back staring at the tent. When I had passed out a few hours before, I hadn't had a choice: I had to stop. Now, however, I realized I did have a choice. I was sore, I was tired, but I was capable of getting up. If I didn't get up now, I would be choosing to quit. Last night hadn't been the test of my limits — right here, lying awake at 3:45 was.
That was the point where running the event for a cause really came to the front of my mind. I though of my uncle. I thought of Ian's dad. I thought of all the people who wanted to run or walk but couldn't, the people whose every day entailed more pain and struggle than my last 12 hours. I thought, All I have to do is walk one mile. I can always quit again after that.
Somehow I crawled out of my sleeping bag and took stock of my body. Every part of me hurt, but I was coherent, even oddly energized now that I'd made my decision. I peeled off my socks, and was a bit horrified at the number of massive blisters covering both my feet. I probably should have noticed them hours before I quit for the night, but I had been so uncomfortable and unfocused that I hadn't paid attention to them. Wincing, I put on new socks and managed to squeeze my feet back into my shoes. The predawn air was bitterly cold as I stumbled out of the tent, the mid autumn constellations still bright in the sky as I made my way around the track once again. The course was almost deserted, with very few runners still grinding away at this hour. With each step I felt better, stronger, more awake. And 3 hours and 40 some minutes after I'd crossed the finish line for the 58th time, I crossed it for the 59th.
I got a blister kit from the aid station and spent a few minutes lancing and bandaging my feet, and when I started on mile 60 I felt indescribably better. The kitchen made me a grilled cheese sandwich, and the next lap had breakfast burritos and slices of caramel apples. I couldn't run, but I could walk at a decent pace, and sometime long before dawn I finished 100K and kept going.
6: The End Comes To You
Eventually the sun came back. I greeted it with my ritual of thanks, and managed to honestly be thankful even for the long, painful hours from the middle of the night, for the blisters and vomiting and aching muscles. How could I not be thankful? I was still moving forward, still awake to hear the birds awaken and see the rosy fingered dawn stretch out from the East and cast its pale light across the New Jersey hills.
Slowly more runners rejoined the course. Someone gave me an encouraging, "Keep it up!" I responded, "I figure I just have to stay on my feet — the end will come to me.". Because in a 24 hour race, the end DOES come to you, and at the same speed it comes for everyone else, elite or amateur, young or old, running or walking. Minute by minute it comes for you, and everyone reaches the finish line at the exact same moment. No one has a second more or less: it is simply a matter of what you manage to do in those allotted 24 hours. At some point the thought crossed my mind that the end of this race is a bit more like life itself than most races: that the end will eventually find you whether you are running or sitting on a bench, walking the course or sleeping in your tent. You don't have to DO anything to finish; its simply a matter of how much you manage to finish that is in question.
For a few miles I hoped I could speed up enough to finish 78, to make it three marathons, but I settled in at walking a 15 minute mile tops and would gladly take whatever I could get. After 62 laps, the few I would be able to get in seemed like nothing at all; then I was across the finish line with 25 minutes left, knowing I could get in one last lap but not two, so it was walked with an oddly unhurried finality. I crossed the finish line about 8 minutes to 9, and my cousin and his girlfriend were there, having arrived to drive me back to Brooklyn and making it just in time to see me cross the finish (or perhaps the start?) for the 73rd and last time.
7: Reflections and What's Next
Its really hard to answer the question, "What was it like?" It was easily the hardest thing I've done, beating GoRuck without a question. It wasn't "fun" per set but I enjoyed it, took joy from it, and loved every minute of it. I finally found that limit I've been searching for, and truly learned something about myself in the freezing pre-dawn moments lying in my tent. The question isn't "Will I do another 24 hour race?" but rather, "When?" When thinking back on what I did right and what went wrong and what I would do differently next time, I realized I love the nearly epic sweep of the strategy, pacing and fueling broken not into miles or minutes, but four or six hour blocks, the same self-knowledge and reassessment of a 5K, bit slowed down and stretched strategically over an entire day.
I learned to respect the distance of 100 miles, to realize that not all goals can be reached by flippant bravado and determination. So far my distances have been reached mainly be willpower without any real training; I don't think one can BS one's way to 100 miles the way one can with a marathon or even 50K. Of course, the event was timed. In a race without a 24 hour cut off, could I have made it 100 miles? I don't know. I do know that the first 50 came pretty easily, so I'm thinking I'll train for and race a 50 mile race first.
Physically, I recovered quickly. I'm not sure if was due to not ever running that fast or all the walking at the end or the three hours of sleep, but after resting Monday I walked the five mile roundtrip to my school Tuesday, and jogged it Wednesday and Thursday. There was actually more mental recovery; it took most of the week before I could stand how incessantly my students talked, and I responded to everyone with a slightly distracted delay. I missed the silence, the constant, steady movement forward. And then there's the mild depression that follows the accomplishment of any large goal, as suddenly there is this massive hole in your life where that future event once lived, no longer looming ever present but rapidly diminishing into the past.
But it is done. And for now I'm content with my daily commute, and can focus again for a while on picking up my speed. I'm not sure what my next epic run will be, but there will be one. All in good time. And in the mean time, I give thanks for this race, this day I sit here typing and all the days that have came before. And I give thanks for the days to come, whatever they will bring. Om mani peme hung.


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