text:
Synchronicity? Or sad coincidence?
Coretta Scott King dies.
"The central doctrine of Christianity, then, is not that God is a bastard. It is, in the words of the late Dominican theologian Herbert McCabe, that if you don't love you're dead, and if you do, they'll kill you."--Terry Eagleton
"...doesn't philosophy amount to the sum of all thinkable and unthinkable errors, ceaselessly repeated?"--Jean-Luc Marion
"The opposite of poverty is not wealth; the opposite of poverty is justice."--Bryan Stevenson
the DOJ's reliance upon Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, 542 U.S. 507 (2004), to support its reading of the AUMF, see DOJ Letter at 3, is misplaced. A plurality of the Court in Hamdi held that the AUMF authorized military detention of enemy combatants captured on the battlefield abroad as a "fundamental incident of waging war." Id. at 519. The plurality expressly limited this holding to individuals who were "part of or supporting forces hostile to the United States or coalition partners in Afghanistan and who engaged in an armed conflict against the United States there." Id. at 516 (emphasis added). It is one thing, however, to say that foreign battlefield capture of enemy combatants is an incident of waging war that Congress intended to authorize. It is another matter entirely to treat unchecked war-rantless domestic spying as included in that authorization, especially where an existing statute specifies that other laws are the "exclusive means" by which electronic surveillance may be conducted and provides that even a declaration of war authorizes such spying only for a fifteen-day emergency period.The letter also points out, importantly, that the DOJ reading of AUMF and FISA create a constitutional problem, while the "ordinary" reading of them are consistent with the constitutional system. This is a complex legal way of saying something quite simple, and quite fundamental to constitutional jurisprudence: if it ain't broke, don't fix it.
One of the crucial features of a constitutional democracy is that it is always open to the President—or anyone else—to seek to change the law. But it is also beyond dispute that, in such a democracy, the President cannot simply violate criminal laws behind closed doors because he deems them obsolete or impracticable.
When you believe the end of the world is coming, you learn to talk fast. On a Friday afternoon the debate team from Liberty University, Jerry Falwell's fundamentalist Baptist college, is madly rehearsing for the tournament about to begin. This year's topic: should the United States increase diplomatic and economic pressure on China. They may just be practicing, but you wouldn't know it from the menacing mosquito-buzz rising as all 20 debaters read their speeches at once, as fast as they can. Policy debate on the college level has become a rapid-fire verbal assault, an arguments-per-minute game, that sounds more like the guy at the end of the car commercial than an eloquent Oxford intellectual. There is tension and more than a little spittle in the air. The Liberty team is currently ranked No. 1 in the country, above Harvard (14th) and all the other big names. But for the evangelicals, there's a lot more at stake than a trophy. Falwell and the religious right figure that if they can raise a generation that knows how to argue, they can stem the tide of sin in the country. Seventy-five percent of Liberty's debaters go on to be lawyers with an eye toward transforming society. "I think I can make an impact in the field of law on abortion and gay rights, to get back to Americans' godly heritage," says freshman debater Cole Bender.It isn't simply political: it's more fundamental than that. It's what Nietzsche said: that which you oppose most fiercely, you most come to resemble. Is Christianity about debate? Is that even marginally important?
But in a recent interview, Otto J. Reich, who served under Mr. Powell as the State Department's top official on Latin America, said that a subtle shift in policy away from Mr. Aristide had taken place after Mr. Bush became president — as Mr. Curran and others had suspected.I have been following, fitfully, the condition of Haiti on DemocracyNow! This NYT article is quite long, but I can't yet say it is comprehensive, nor even why President Aristide (identified in the article so far only as "a former Roman Catholic priest who rose to power as the champion and hero of Haiti's poor") was not a "democratic leader."
"There was a change in policy that was perhaps not well perceived by some people in the embassy," Mr. Reich said, referring to Mr. Curran. "We wanted to change, to give the Haitians an opportunity to choose a democratic leader," said Mr. Reich, one of a group of newly ascendant policy makers who feared the rise of leftist governments in Latin America.
Told of that statement, Mr. Curran said, "That Reich would admit that a different policy was in effect totally vindicates my suspicions, as well as confirms what an amateur crowd was in charge in Washington."
Several months later, the rebels marched on Port-au-Prince and Mr. Aristide left Haiti on a plane provided by the American government. Since then, Haiti has become even more chaotic, said Marc L. Bazin, an elder statesman of Haitian politics.
"I was suspicious that it would not be good," Mr. Bazin said. "But that bad — no."
Added Mr. Einaudi, "Building democracy in Haiti now is going to take a very long time."
Is there such a thing as an ethical spy?One seldom thinks of spies as having ethical conflicts, outside of LeCarre novels. And even then, LeCarre seems to be a hopeless idealist.
A group of current and former intelligence officers and academic experts think there is, and they are meeting this weekend to dissect what some others in the field consider a flat-out contradiction in terms.
The organizers say recent controversies over interrogation techniques bordering on torture and the alleged skewing of prewar intelligence on Iraq make their mission urgent. At the conference on Friday and Saturday in a Springfield, Va., hotel, the 200 attendees hope to begin hammering out a code of ethics for spies and to form an international association to study the subject.
Conference materials describe intelligence ethics as "an emerging field" and call the gathering, not sponsored by any government agency, the first of its kind. The topics include "Spiritual Crises Among Intelligence Operatives," "Lessons From Abu Ghraib," "Assassination: The Dream and the Nightmare" and "The Perfidy of Espionage."
Not all agree. "It doesn't make much sense to me," said Duane R. Clarridge, who retired in 1988 after 33 years as a C.I.A. operations officer and who will not attend the conference. "Depending on where you're coming from, the whole business of espionage is unethical."And there is always the bottom line:
To Mr. Clarridge, "intelligence ethics" is "an oxymoron," he said. "It's not an issue. It never was and never will be, not if you want a real spy service." Spies operate under false names, lie about their jobs, and bribe or blackmail foreigners to betray their countries, he said.
"If you don't want to do that," he added, "just have a State Department."
Ms. Mahle, the former C.I.A. officer, [and one of the speakers at the conference] says merely taking a tough line is not enough. If intelligence tactics are not supported by a public consensus of Americans, they can backfire, she said.It's all about the effective use of power.
For example, the past capture of terrorists abroad who were then convicted in American courts stirred little controversy. But more recent rendition cases, like the delivery of a suspect to Egypt, where he complained of torture and provided information that turned out to be false, shifted the public focus from the would-be terrorist to the actions of the C.I.A.
"If there's not a consensus, then the public focus will be not on the bad guy you got off the street, but on what the C.I.A. was doing," Ms. Mahle said.
Only a small number put up their hands. Then I asked those who favored the policy but would not do it themselves to formulate some moral justification for their action, other than mere squeamishness. A sullen silence followed. (Cox. p. 242)Cox has already pointed out the utilitarianism behind Dershowitz' argument, a "greatest good for the greatest number" the class as a whole is quite willing to accept, secure in the knowledge that they will be among the greatest number, and that, after all, their hands are clean.
Then I posed another question. Suppose, I asked, the suspect is not talking to you but you have his two children-- aged four and seven--in the room. Would you threaten to torture them to get the information? After all, if it is mere mathematics, what is the temporary pain of two children compared to the possible deaths of five thousand people? Not a single person in the class was willing to hurt the children. (Cox, p. 242)Torture is the last redoubt of power, the final tool of will anxious to impose itself on the world, on the other. In one of the most gripping episodes of "Star Trek: The Next Generation," Capt. Picard, a character regular viewers already sympathize with as the protagonist, is captured by enemies and tortured. It is, of course, all sleep deprivation and psychological torment: no needles, rubber hoses, electric wires. In order to "break" his will, his captor is determined to make Picard say there are four lights shining in his eyes during the interrogations, instead of three. Picard, of course, is rescued, and refuses the final command to "see" too many lights, in a dramatic ending to the story.
The U.S. Army in Iraq has at least twice seized and jailed the wives of suspected insurgents in hopes of "leveraging" their husbands into surrender, U.S. military documents show.Is torture limited only to physical coercion? In Cox's hypothetical, are we just as bothered by the threat to harm the children? Would that alone be enough to coerce information, and if it was, would we not consider that torture?
In one case, a secretive task force locked up the young mother of a nursing baby, a U.S. intelligence officer reported. In the case of a second detainee, one American colonel suggested to another that they catch her husband by tacking a note to the family's door telling him "to come get his wife."
BUSH: Well, I said yesterday that other presidents have used the same authority I've had to use technology to protect the American people.I'm not sure what he thinks a "legal debate" is, but it's not a matter discussed by like-minded persons in the club room with the cigars and port. It is a question of legality, of constitutionality, of whether or not we have a government of laws, or of men.
Other presidents, most presidents most presidents believe that during their -- during a time of war that we can use our authorities under the Constitution to make decisions necessary to protect us.
Secondly, in this case, there is an act passed by Congress in 2001 which said that I must have the power to conduct this war using the incidents of war. In other words, we believe there's a constitutional power granted to presidents as well as, this case, a statutory power. And I'm intending to use that power.
Congress says, "Go ahead and conduct the war. We're not going to tell you how to do it."
And part of winning this war on terror is to understand the nature of the enemy and to find out where they are so we can protect the American people.
There'll be a legal debate about whether or not that I have the authority to do this. I'm absolutely convinced I do. Our attorney general's been out describing why.
And I'm going to continue using my authority. And that's what the American people expect.
QUESTION: Mr. President, though -- this is a direct follow-up to that -- the FISA law was implemented in 1978 in part because of revelations that the National Security Agency was spying domestically."Circumvent" means exactly what the reporter meant: it's a euphemism for "breaking the law," but not a synonym. Circumvent, in fact, is precisely what he has done to both the law and the Constitution, and circumlocution precisely the term to describe his attorney general's explanations for why the President's actions are not illegal or unconstitutional.
What is wrong with that law that you feel you have to circumvent it and, as you just admitted, expand presidential powers?
BUSH: You said that I have to "circumvent" it. Wait a minute, that's a -- it's like saying, "You know, you're breaking the law." I'm not.
See, that's what you got to understand: I am upholding my duty and at the same time doing so under the law and with the Constitution behind me. That's just very important for you to understand.
Secondly, the FISA law was written in 1978. We're having the discussion in 2006. It's a different world. And FISA's still an important tool. It's an important tool, and we still use that tool.
But, also -- and I looked. I said, "Look, is it possible to conduct this program under the old law?" And people said, "It doesn't work in order to be able do the job we expect to us do." And so, that's why I made the decision I made.
And, you know, "circumventing" is a loaded word. And I refuse to accept it, because I believe what I'm doing is legally right.
Since when is it a constitutional exercise of separation of powers for the executive branch, the prosecutor, to "ensure that civil liberties are being protected," as the Justice Department claims? If the White House had a problem with FISA procedures, as it now says it does to justify its circumvention of those procedures, then why didn't it simply ask the Congress to fix those problems? There is no way the legislators would have said no. And when does the state of emergency end? Since this "armed conflict", unlike every other "war" the United States has endured, has no theoretical end, when will conditions permit a return to the days when the government did not spy on its own people under the guise of "foreign intelligence" gathering?This is absolutely right, and shreds the paltry assertion of Scott McClellan that this was not domestic spying because one end of the phone call was in another country. But there are two other issues mentioned here: one, what will Alito do?; and two: are the courts really the best redoubt in this situation.
There's more. "Signals intelligence" between two members of the enemy is quite different from "signals intelligence" between an innocent journalist, lawyer or author and an incarcerated terror suspect or political leader in Iraq or Iran or anywhere else. Surely the former are not "enemy forces" by any measure. So how does this factual distinction play into the legal analysis governing the president's authority to eavesdrop? The Justice Department contends that "the NSA activities are reasonable because the Government's interest, defending the Nation from another foreign attack in time of armed conflict, outweighs the individual privacy interests at stake…" but this argument proves too much. It could be used to justify any intrusion upon privacy since the defense of the Nation always will be more important than any one person's rights.
And, finally, there's the third read. Unlike many of my fellow legal commentators, I do not see all this as a slam dunk loss for the White House. Its AUMF argument is silly, to be sure, and surely FISA means something even today, but the President does have constitutional authority to engage in extraordinary measures during times like this, and it will be up to the Supreme Court ultimately to decide how far those measures can go. By the time these issues reach the High Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, whose "war is not a blank check" sound byte has been rendered obsolete by the White House's position, will be gone, replaced by Judge Samuel A. Alito, Jr., whose view of presidential power is as sweeping as is that of the man who nominated him to the Court.
Perhaps there will be a political resolution to all of this. But if there is not, I'm not convinced that the legal result is going to offer much solace or comfort or satisfaction to the millions and millions of Americans who cringe at the idea that the executive branch has taken upon itself the function of eavesdropping on its citizens, without a court order, and then assuring us that it'll be all right because procedures are in place to ensure civil liberties are protected. Those assurances rang hollow in 1776 and 1787, which is why the Founders incorporated checks and balances and the separation of powers into our instruments of government. And they ring hollow today, even in a time of terror, when in order to protect our rights and liberties the executive branch has by these and other means limited them.
The proposition that the Executive lacks indefinite wartime detention authority over citizens is consistent with the Founders' general mistrust of military power permanently at the Executive's disposal. In the Founders' view, the "blessings of liberty" were threatened by "those military establishments which must gradually poison its very fountain." The Federalist No. 45, p. 238 (J. Madison). No fewer than 10 issues of the Federalist were devoted in whole or part to allaying fears of oppression from the proposed Constitution's authorization of standing armies in peacetime. Many safeguards in the Constitution reflect these concerns. Congress's authority "[t]o raise and support Armies" was hedged with the proviso that "no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years." U.S. Const., Art. 1, §8, cl. 12. Except for the actual command of military forces, all authorization for their maintenance and all explicit authorization for their use is placed in the control of Congress under Article I, rather than the President under Article II. As Hamilton explained, the President's military authority would be "much inferior" to that of the British King:That language goes particularly to the facts of Hamdi (and the question of habeas corpus, not of 4th Amendment issues), but it doesn't even allow a crack of daylight between the express authority of the President, and the implied powers Gonzalez is relying on. Indeed, Scalia seems to expressly reject the argument Gonzalez derives from Hamdi:
It follows from what I have said that Hamdi is entitled to a habeas decree requiring his release unless (1) criminal proceedings are promptly brought, or (2) Congress has suspended the writ of habeas corpus. A suspension of the writ could, of course, lay down conditions for continued detention, similar to those that today's opinion prescribes under the Due Process Clause. Cf. Act of Mar. 3, 1863, 12 Stat. 755. But there is a world of difference between the people's representatives' determining the need for that suspension (and prescribing the conditions for it), and this Court's doing so.Scalia, in other words, comes down foursquare on the side of Congress to make laws, not on the side of the President to find extraordinary powers for extraordinary times. And he fully supports the basic constitutional rights of American citizens (for Scalia,Hamdi must be tried as a criminal under the treason statutes, or released; and in either case, he is entitled to at least the minimum constitutional protections guaranteed by habeas corpus. It is hard to imagine how Scalia's argument would be different on a fundamental 4th Amendment issue). As he notes in Hamdi:
The plurality finds justification for Hamdi's imprisonment in the Authorization for Use of Military Force, 115 Stat. 224, which provides: "That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States by such nations, organizations or persons." §2(a).
This is not remotely a congressional suspension of the writ, and no one claims that it is. Contrary to the plurality's view, I do not think this statute even authorizes detention of a citizen with the clarity necessary to satisfy the interpretive canon that statutes should be construed so as to avoid grave constitutional concerns....[citations excluded]. But even if it did, I would not permit it to overcome Hamdi's entitlement to habeas corpus relief. The Suspension Clause of the Constitution, which carefully circumscribes the conditions under which the writ can be withheld, would be a sham if it could be evaded by congressional prescription of requirements other than the common-law requirement of committal for criminal prosecution that render the writ, though available, unavailing. If the Suspension Clause does not guarantee the citizen that he will either be tried or released, unless the conditions for suspending the writ exist and the grave action of suspending the writ has been taken; if it merely guarantees the citizen that he will not be detained unless Congress by ordinary legislation says he can be detained; it guarantees him very little indeed.
The Founders well understood the difficult tradeoff between safety and freedom. "Safety from external danger," Hamilton declared, "is the most powerful director of national conduct. Even the ardent love of liberty will, after a time, give way to its dictates. The violent destruction of life and property incident to war; the continual effort and alarm attendant on a state of continual danger, will compel nations the most attached to liberty, to resort for repose and security to institutions which have a tendency to destroy their civil and political rights. To be more safe, they, at length, become willing to run the risk of being less free." The Federalist No. 8, p. 33.Nor does the majority opinion, written by Justice O'Connor, give the Administraiton much solace:
The Founders warned us about the risk, and equipped us with a Constitution designed to deal with it.
Many think it not only inevitable but entirely proper that liberty give way to security in times of national crisis–that, at the extremes of military exigency, inter arma silent leges. Whatever the general merits of the view that war silences law or modulates its voice, that view has no place in the interpretation and application of a Constitution designed precisely to confront war and, in a manner that accords with democratic principles, to accommodate it.
In so holding, we necessarily reject the Government's assertion that separation of powers principles mandate a heavily circumscribed role for the courts in such circumstances. Indeed, the position that the courts must forgo any examination of the individual case and focus exclusively on the legality of the broader detention scheme cannot be mandated by any reasonable view of separation of powers, as this approach serves only to condense power into a single branch of government. We have long since made clear that a state of war is not a blank check for the President when it comes to the rights of the Nation's citizens.That's the language Cohen is referring to, when he worries about Alito's much more accomadating position. And again we see that the Administration's position is that "separation of powers" really means "separation of restrictions," so that the Executive is empowered to do whatever is necessary in time of war, and the other branches of government should only defer. As I said, the power of the Roman "dictator."
The Court today holds that the habeas statute, 28 U.S.C. § 2241 extends to aliens detained by the United States military overseas, outside the sovereign borders of the United States and beyond the territorial jurisdictions of all its courts. This is not only a novel holding; it contradicts a half-century-old precedent on which the military undoubtedly relied, Johnson v. Eisentrager, 339 U.S. 763 (1950).Would Scalia dissent again, in an NSA case? Frankly, I doubt it, because domestic spying involves American citizens, and Scalia clearly would afford them, even in the face of a national security argument, at least the basic protections of the Constitution. Scalia ends his Hamdi dissent with these words, which offer no comfort to Alberto Gonzalez:
Many think it not only inevitable but entirely proper that liberty give way to security in times of national crisis–that, at the extremes of military exigency, inter arma silent leges. Whatever the general merits of the view that war silences law or modulates its voice, that view has no place in the interpretation and application of a Constitution designed precisely to confront war and, in a manner that accords with democratic principles, to accommodate it.But if Roberts follows Rehnquist, and Thomas remains true to his dissent in Rasul, and Alito follows his previous declarations on Presidential power, there will be a 6=3 decision.
Democrats and national security law experts who oppose the NSA program say the Justice Department's opposition to the DeWine legislation seriously undermines arguments by Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales and others, who have said the NSA spying is constitutional and that surveillance warrants are often too cumbersome to obtain.So it really is all about who's on top. It's about not being answerable to the courts, because the issue is not "What standard do we use?", but, much more importantly, "Who decides that standard has been met?"
"It's entirely inconsistent with their current position," said Philip B. Heymann, a deputy attorney general in the Clinton administration who teaches law at Harvard University. "The only reason to do what they've been doing is because they wanted a lower standard than 'probable cause.' A member of Congress offered that to them, but they turned it down."
But Justice Department officials disagreed, saying the standard the department opposed in 2002 is legally different from the one used by the NSA.
"The FISA 'probable cause' standard is essentially the same as the 'reasonable basis' standard used in the terrorist surveillance program," said spokeswoman Tasia Scolinos, using the term for the NSA program the White House has adopted. "The 'reasonable suspicion' standard, which is lower than both of these, is not used in either program."
Justice officials also said that even under a different standard, the process of obtaining a surveillance warrant would take longer than is necessary for the NSA to efficiently track suspected terrorists.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."Shall issue" means someone has to give a warrant, and that someone has to give that warrant only after a showing of probable cause.
The complaints against Capt. John S. Edmondson, who is licensed by California to practice medicine, allege that he engaged in unprofessional conduct" by running a system in which confidential medical records were shared with interrogators, access to medical care was made contingent on cooperation and medical staff participated in abuse of prisoners.Those complaints were eventually dismissed by the Board for lack of evidence and lack of jurisdiction.
Candis Cohen, spokeswoman for the medical board, said, "The board has reviewed and closed this complaint because no evidence was found by the [army] surgeon general of medical mistreatment of the patients. Therefore the medical board cannot take any action because we have no jurisdiction to take action against a military physician practising on a military base, absent an action first by the military itself."Now, the problem with that is, the "investigation" was conducted by a military team which relied solely on questionnaires addressed to the medical personnel involved. This "investigation" was reviewed and approved by the army's surgeon general, and then accepted by the California Medical Board.
"He was regulating the process of the beating," Sarim said of the clinician, according to interviews conducted with detainees by the international law firm Allen & Overy. "This nurse who is regulating the beating process, he is the same person that was distributing medicine previously."These allegations are not just coming from the detainees; the Red Cross has voiced its concern as well:
Another Yemeni detainee, Abdulaziz Al-Swidi, also told interviewers he observed nurses participating in beatings during interrogations at Guantánamo.
"The nurse participated with the riot squad by helping putting something in my nose to make me unable to breathe, and this is the same nurse that dispenses medicine and makes diagnoses," he said.
In October 2003 an independent, confidential investigation by the International Committee of the Red Cross found that the military used psychological and physical coercion "tantamount to torture" on Guantánamo prisoners, and that medical personnel participated in planning interrogations.Which puts the lie to the government's claim that it cannot reveal the names of the detainees because that disclosure would be a breach of their privacy.
The Red Cross report, which was quoted in a Department of Defense memorandum and by a handful of news agencies that obtained it, called this "a flagrant violation of medical ethics." It said medical information was conveyed to interrogators both directly by medical staff and through the Behavioral Science Consultation Team (BSCT, or "biscuit"), a group of psychologists and psychiatrists assigned to work with interrogators.
The Red Cross, which did not return a request to comment for this story, reported at the time that "medical files are being used by interrogators to gain information in developing an interrogation plan," which is "a breach of confidentiality between physician and patient."
Unlike the Consuls, which were required to cooperate with the Senate, the Dictator could act on his own authority without the Senate, though the dictator would usually act in unison with the Senate all the same. There was no appeal from the sentence of the dictator (unless the dictator changed his mind), and accordingly the lictors bore the axes in the fasces before them even in the city, as a symbol of their absolute power over the lives of the citizens.The implicit link to fascism there (the symbol of the dictator was the symbol of the Italian Fascists) is nothing less than sycnhronicity. And David Cole's response, also at the first link, is absolutely sound on both the law and the attempt by the Administration to turn this into a matter of public approval. The attempt is classic Rove, and it shows, once again, that Rove is absolutely out of his depth now.
The dictator's imperium granted him the powers to change any Roman law as he saw fit, and these changes lasted as long as the dictator remained in power.
One of two conclusions is clear: either the military is anxious to kill someone, and not just on the battlefield; or the military is looking ahead to killing a few of the "detainees" at Guantanamo, perhaps the better to block their appeals to the Supreme Court to demand, once again, that they have due process of law.
The US military is clearing the way for executions of condemned terror suspects to take place at the Guantanamo Bay detention facility.
The army has just changed the rules governing the location of military executions.
The new regulations are primarily aimed at service personnel sentenced to death at a military court martial.
Previously executions could only take place at a military jail in Kansas but now death sentences can be carried out anywhere, including the Guantanamo Bay naval base in Cuba.
The army has confirmed the new rules will also apply to any Guantanamo detainee sentenced to death at a specially convened military tribunal.
The Department's Office of Legal Counsel is analyzing relevant Supreme Court precedent to determine whether a "reasonable suspicion" standard for electronic surveillance and physical searches would, in the FISA context, pass constitutional muster. The issue is not clear cut, and the review process must be thorough because of what is at stake, namely, our ability to conduct investigations that are vital to protecting national security. If we err in our analysis and courts were ultimately to find a "reasonable suspicion" standard unconstitutional, we could potentially put at risk ongoing investigations and prosecutions.This is the fundamental issue that we simply cannot talk around: once you start pulling at the threads of the basic legal fabric of the country, the whole thing unravels quite rapidly.
I've talked in other circumstances -- I've talked this morning -- about how we've made very aggressive use of FISA. If you look at NSA reporting under this program -- you know, without giving you the X or Y axis on the graph -- NSA reporting under this program has been substantial but consistent. This is NSA counterterrorism reporting. Substantial but consistent. NSA reporting under FISA has gone like that. FISA has been a remarkably successful tool. We use it very aggressively.The position of our government is that the President has the power to reshape law to suit his preferences. He is the three branches of government in one office: he acts as the Supreme Court (interpreting law) and Congress (writing legislation), and as the head of the Executive then executes the new law. Beyond even that, he also gets to interpret or set aside, as it suits him, the provisions of the very Constitution which actually gives him any authority in the first place. His position is that, having been elected, he is now superior even to the law that establishes his office and authority. That this is his position is now beyond argument.
In the instances where this program applies, FISA does not give us the operational effect that the authorities that the president has given us give us. Look. I can't -- and I understand it's going to be an incomplete answer, and I can't give you all the fine print as to why, but let me just kind of reverse the answer just a bit. If FISA worked just as well, why wouldn't I use FISA? To save typing? No. There is an operational impact here, and I have two paths in front of me, both of them lawful, one FISA, one the presidential -- the president's authorization. And we go down this path because our operational judgment is it is much more effective. So we do it for that reason. I think I've got -- I think I've covered all the ones you raised.
QUESTION: Quick follow-up. Are you saying that the sheer volume of warrantless eavesdropping has made FISA inoperative?This, apparently, is the General's definition of "operationally effective:"
GEN. HAYDEN: No. I'm saying that the characteristics we need to do what this program's designed to do -- to detect and prevent -- make FISA a less useful tool. It's a wonderful tool, it's done wonderful things for the nation in terms of fighting the war on terror, but in this particular challenge, this particular aspect -- detect and prevent attacks -- what we're doing now is operationally more relevant, operationally more effective.
QUESTION: General, first, thank you for your comments. And I think you somewhat answered this in your response, and this goes to the culture and just to the average American. Let me just say this -- that domestic spying and the faith communities are outraged. Churches in Iowa, churches in Nebraska, mosques across the board are just outraged by the fact that our country could be spying on us. You made a point that the young lady at State Penn shouldn't have to worry, but we're worried that our country has begun to spy on us. We understand the need for terrorism and the need to deal with that, but what assurances -- and how can you answer this question, what can make Americans feel safe? How can the faith community feel safe that their country is not spying on them for any reason?The unnamed "reverend" who asked that question followed that answer with a more cogent question, which went unanswered:
GEN. HAYDEN: Reverend, thanks for the question, and I'm part of the faith community too. And I've laid it out as well I could in my remarks here as to how limited and focused this program is, what its purpose is, that its been productive. We are not out there -- and again, let me use a phrase I used in the comments -- this isn't a drift net out there where we're soaking up everyone's communications. We are going after very specific communications that our professional judgment tells us we have reason to believe are those associated with people who want to kill Americans. That's what we're doing.
QUESTION: Just know, General, that the faith communities will take that back, but the faith communities are scared. Where does this stop?
The Times article quotes the 4th Amendment so I don't have to. The minimum standard in law for any search warrant is set by the 4th Amendment, and that standard requires "probable cause." The plain language of that Amendment is perfectly adequate to set out what is required, even of Congress, even under the FISA law.
"The trigger is quicker and a bit softer," said General Hayden, an Air Force officer who is now the principal deputy director of the new national intelligence agency, "but the intrusion into privacy is also limited: only international calls and only those we have a reasonable basis to believe involve Al Qaeda or one of its affiliates."
The standard laid out by General Hayden - a "reasonable basis to believe" - is lower than "probable cause," the standard used by the special court created by Congress to handle surveillance involving foreign intelligence.
General Hayden said that warrantless searches are conducted when one of a "handful" of senior officers at the security agency determines that there is a "reasonable belief" that one party to a call between someone in America and someone overseas has a link to Al Qaeda.
In his speech this afternoon, President Bush, who was accompanied by the Senate Intelligence Committee chairman, Pat Roberts, Republican of Kansas, also said that decisions to begin wiretaps without court approval were based on a reasonable belief of a link to terrorists.
The intercepts were made, he said, on calls involving "somebody inside the United States and outside the United States, and one of the numbers would be reasonably suspected to be an Al Qaeda link or affiliate."
"If they're making a phone call in the United States, it seems like to me we want to know why," Mr. Bush said.
He also cited a recent Supreme Court decision, Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, to bolster his argument that bypassing the courts fell within presidential power during a time when the country is fighting terrorism.
General Hayden defended the program's constitutionality. He said the lower, "reasonable belief" standard conformed to the wording of the Fourth Amendment, asserting that it does not mention probable cause, but instead forbids "unreasonable" searches and seizures.
"The constitutional standard is reasonable," he said. "I am convinced that we are lawful, because what it is we're doing is reasonable," he said.
The Fourth Amendment, however, reads: "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."
DAMADOLA, Pakistan - Sympathy for al-Qaida has surged after a U.S. airstrike devastated this remote mountain hamlet in a region sometimes as hostile toward the Pakistani government as it is to the United States.
A week after the attack, villagers insist no members of the terror network were anywhere near the border village when it was hit. But thousands of protesters flooded a nearby town chanting, "Long live Osama bin Laden!"
Pakistan's army, in charge of hunting militants, was nowhere to be seen.
The rally was the latest in a series of demonstrations across Pakistan against the Jan. 13 attack, which apparently targeted but missed al-Qaida's No. 2, Ayman al-Zawahri.
The military still mans numerous checkpoints in the area, but it appears to be keeping a low profile so it will not inflame villagers still seething over the deaths of 13 civilians, including women and children, in the attack.
"This attack has increased our hatred for Americans because they are killing innocent women and children," said Zakir Ullah, one of 5,000 demonstrators in Inayat Qala, a market town about three miles from Damadola
After purging liberals from their ranks, Southern Baptist conservatives who won control of their denomination are now taking aim at each other.And what is it about? It is, of course, about boundaries:
The Rev. Wade Burleson, a Baptist leader from Oklahoma, says fellow conservatives who crusaded to only elect leaders who believe the Bible is literally true are carrying their campaign too far, targeting Southern Baptists who disagree with them on other issues.
These leaders, he wrote on his blog, are "following the same battle plan conservatives used to defeat liberalism," and have started a "war" for the future of the SBC.
"The Southern Baptist leadership is so ideologically driven that it's almost impossible for them not to continually draw lines and narrow the boundaries," [the Rev. Bill Leonard, dean of Wake Forest Divinity School in North Carolina] said. "In the early stages, this was publicly evident with the moderates and liberals. Now, when the convention meets annually in June, you wonder who they're going to throw out this year. There's always somebody."The overall danger in this analysis is the focus on numbers, of course. Church is not about how many people you put in the pews. But there is the Church Ideally, and the Church Really, and every pastor knows it.
CLEVELAND, Jan. 19 - Leaders of the 1.3- million-member United Church of Christ are reporting mixed statistical and financial outcomes -- both positive and negative -- during the six-month period that followed its General Synod's controversial decision to affirm support for same-gender marriage equality.Bland statistics hide the bitter reality of this fight. The UCC has a very peculiar polity, one which has lead to an almost absolute division between General Synod and Cleveland (where the UCC offices are), and the local congregations. Resolutions of Synod are not binding on the local church, but that freedom from restraint works both ways, and Synod is often far ahead of, or even far apart from, the local church on many social justice issues. It isn't a matter of social justice so much as it is a matter of pastoral care. As a UCC pastor I had to deal with a family whose only son had been shot to death in a robbery. They learned that the church they had been raised in officially opposed the death penalty, from reading the back of a UCC published church bulletin. The shock and pain was so great for them they left the church, and I don't know if they ever returned.
Since July, about 49 churches -- or less than one percent of the UCC's 5,725 churches -- have voted to disaffiliate, according to the denomination's research office. Most, but not all, of the departures appear related to disagreement with the marriage- equality resolution.
However did the mainstream of a religion founded by a person who was all about love come to be defined by who it hates?A comment from Street Prophets.
by Egarwaen
...the neighbor who was the Wrights' earliest on-camera antagonist - Jim Stewart, 53, who is heard in an early episode saying, "I would not tolerate a homosexual couple moving into this neighborhood" - has confided to the producers that the series changed him far more than even they were aware.I absolutely know no other way to understand that, than positive. So why has ABC decided not to air the series, and not to sell it to anyone else?
No one involved in the show, Mr. Stewart said, knew he had a 25-year-old gay son. Only after participating in the series, Mr. Stewart said, was he able to broach his son's sexuality with him for the first time.
"I'd say to ABC, 'Start showing this right now,' " Mr. Stewart said in an interview at his oak kitchen table. "It has a message that needs to be heard by everyone." (Mr. Stewart first discussed his son publicly with The Austin American-Statesman.)
In a recent interview, Richard Land, an official with the Southern Baptist Convention involved in the negotiations with Disney last year to end the group's boycott of the company, said he did not recall any mention of "Neighborhood." He added, however, that had the show been broadcast - particularly with an ending that showed Christians literally embracing their gay neighbors - it could have scuttled the Southern Baptists' support for "Narnia."There's another piece to this puzzle, too:
"I would have considered it a retrograde step," Mr. Land said of the network's plans to broadcast the reality series. "Aside from any moral considerations, it would have been a pretty stupid marketing move."
Paul McCusker, a vice president of Focus on the Family, which had supported the Southern Baptist boycott and reaches millions of evangelical listeners through the daily radio broadcasts of Dr. James Dobson, expressed similar views.
"It would have been a huge misstep for Disney to aggressively do things that would disenfranchise the very people they wanted to go see 'Narnia,' " he said.
While other ABC shows have gay characters - including the new comedy "Crumbs" - "Neighborhood" features a real gay couple and their prospective neighbors in a continuing dialogue about homosexuality, including interpretations of the Bible
I am going into this amount of detail, because details matter. One last detail, before the discussion: Stephen Wright, one of the victors who won the house, was recruited for the series by his church.
Boundaries are all about who is out, not about who is in. I would like to say that is otherwise, but it is true. Boundaries are drawn in exclusion, and always defined in the negative. This is truer in churches than in many other institutions, organizations, or groups of people, because churches are voluntary, and require firm boundaries to maintain their identity. Perhaps over time even creeds are softened into confessions of faith, not professions against heresy; I still say the creeds today because of the affirmations they are for me, and because I need their requirements to lock out my own desires, and include in God's good will.
But the boundaries we draw around God, only hurt us, and we alone are responsible for them. Those boundaries are real, and yet they are internal. External boundaries also get drawn, but they are drawn always including us, and leaving us at the center.
And when they are drawn to leave someone out, they leave God out. Because Jesus did not say he would be with the faithful homeless, the confessing criminals, the baptized ill and infirm. He only said he would be the least of those among us; with the powerless, the marginalized.
Christianity is not about power, but about powerlessness. Boundaries cannot be enforced without a display of power, which is what the SBC and Focus on the Family are all but bragging about here.
It is worth remembering that whenever we draw lines against other people, we draw lines against God.
An experiment in open expression and free speech has proved a bit too free for The Washington Post and its Web site.
The newspaper company has temporarily shut down Post.blog -- a section of Washingtonpost.com that invites reader comments -- after receiving hundreds of posts, many using profane or sexist language, responding to columns by The Post's ombudsman, Deborah Howell.
The episode was another demonstration of the unbridled -- and often uncivilized -- discourse that can take place on the Internet around political issues. The Los Angeles Times faced a somewhat similar situation in June when it enabled online readers to rewrite one of the newspaper's editorials about the Iraq war; the paper dropped its "wikitorial" feature after some users posted obscene photos and foul language.
LENNY BRUCE: I don't know if it's a message for humanity, but my point of view is that under our constitution no American citizen is born with an original sin. Therefore, the burden is not upon any of the citizens in our country to prove that our speech is beyond reproach, but respected and protected by the constitution. The difficulty I've had is with the people who confuse themselves with the authorities. Which I believe is a quasi-religious point of view.There is something almost quasi-religious in the concern of the Washington Post over the language used on its blog. It is, according to the opening paragraphs, "profane and sexist" language that is objected to. And certainly, voicing opinions in the crudest and most denigrating possible terms doesn't do much to advance a civil discourse.
"Why in hell," he observed impatiently, "do all them goddam hypocrites keep the poor bums waiting for two, three hours while they get off their goddam whimwham? Here is a hall full of men who ain't had nothing to speak of to eat for maybe three, four days, and yet they have to set there smelling the turkey and the coffee while ten, fifteen Sunday-school superintendents and W.C.T.U. [Women's Christian Temperance Union] sisters sing hymns to them and holler against booze. I tell you, Mr. Ammermeyer, it ain't human. More than once I have saw a whole row of them poor bums pass out in faints, and had to send them away in the wagon. And then, when the chow is circulated at last, and they begin fighting for the turkey bones, they ain't hardly got the stuff down before the superintendents and the sisters begin calling on them to stand up and confess whatever skullduggery they have done in the past, whether they really done it or not, with us cops standing all around. And every man Jack of them knows that if they don't lay it on plenty thick there won't be no encore of the giblets and stuffing, and two times out of three there ain't no encore anyhow, for them psalm singers are the stingiest outfit outside hell and never give a starving bum enough solid feed to last him until Christmas Monday. And not a damned drop to drink! Nothing but coffee--and without no milk! I tell you, Mr. Ammermeyer, it makes a man's blood boil."H.L. Mencken, from 1948, writing about "A Bum's Christmas." That version was published on the editorial page of the Wall Street Journal in 1998. Risible stuff, I should think, if posted on the pages of a blog. Not exactly newsworthy, however, if published on the editorial page of a major newspaper.
Reflection for the month - Brothers and SistersAnd where this comes from:
We invite you to join the Pope and Christians throughout the world in reflecting on his prayer intentions for this month:
It is an interesting fact that Jesus never tried to 'convert' people. When he healed the Roman centurion's servant, for example, he did not demand that the centurion become one of his followers. He simply commended him for his faith: 'Not even in Israel have I found faith as great a this' (Lk.7:9). Jesus did not try to convert the gentile Syrophoenician woman, but simply told her that her daughter would be cured (Mk. 7:24-30).
Rather, Jesus entered into dialogue with people of other faiths, sharing his story with them, reaching out to the mystery of God active in their lives. He was never coercive; nor should we be. The Good News of Christ's life, death and resurrection should give wings to the feet, and voice to the tongue. Christians of all denominations are called upon to share the Good News with one another, because they simply cannot bottle it up, not because they don't respect others' beliefs or think that other people cannot be saved. We cannot truly pray to God the Father of all if we treat people as other than sisters or brothers, for we are all created in God's image. Treating people in this respectful way fosters reconciliation and peace among peoples everywhere.
This week sees the start of the Octave of prayer for church unity. It has taken us centuries of misunderstandings to reach the point where Christian churches can dare to do that most obvious thing: pray together. Images like those of John Paul II praying in Canterbury with its Archbishop, or gathering the faith-leaders of the world in Assisi, have taught us so much. When we come close to those of other traditions, and know something of their riches, we can be grateful for the extraordinary fullness of Catholic tradition, and at the same time marvel at the uprightness of Presbyterians, the Friends' passion for peace, the openness of Hindus, the devotion of Moslems. This is the week when we ask our God to warm our hearts to take in all his children. If the chance arises, it is the week when we should pray with strangers, remembering St Peter's words (Acts 10,34): The truth I have come to realise is that God does not have favourites, but that anyone of any nationality who does what is right and fears God is acceptable to him.


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VB.Net Training In Ahmedabad
- August 16, 2017
- Posted by: TCCI Coaching
- Category: Project Training at TCCI
Tririd Computer Coaching Institute is a Gujarat (India) based Computer coaching institute at Ahmedabad. TCCI focuses on providing best teaching to students through different learning method/media. We try our best to give best quality education without any burden at efficient cost. Our team at TRIRID consists of experienced and highly qualified professionals. And precise time management help our students in being an edge ahead of their competitors. All computer courses for BCA, MCA, BSC-MSc. IT, Diploma-Degree Engineering, school-students (any standard), and any person are taught at the institute by highly qualified and experienced faculties. The institute provides corporate trainings to many of the IT companies & other educational institutes. The institute was established by Riddhi Dhandha, who is having more than 8 yrs. of teaching experience of various computer subjects. We are providing also Project Training to students.
For More Information about VB.Net Training In Ahmedabad, Computer Class in Satellite Ahmedabad

subset: commoncrawl


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Hope (a poem) – For the victims of Hurricane Sandy
As a poet, I often feel compelled to write after some major event occurs, whether that event is something good or bad or simply indifferent. That being said, a few days back I wrote this piece as a part of the emotional journey we are all going through as a result of Hurricane Sandy.
And so the wind and rain swirled mightily
Over the labors of both man and machine
Relentless in enacting its wrath on each
When all was said and done
The fierce storm sought only to take
Leaving lifeless bodies
And lost memories in its wake
But amid all this sadness
And the suffering within our hearts
Comes the triumph of the human spirit
Across the land and beyond
We will rise from this devastation
Coming back from where we've been
We will see the sun tomorrow
Because with hope, we'll always win


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Always in the groove from their years of experience and mutual inspiration. Hot Tuna will be on tour and teaching at the Fur Peace Ranch this Winter and Spring.
Started as a side project during Jefferson Airplane days, the constant, the very definition of Hot Tuna, has always been Jorma Kaukonen and Jack Casady. From the 'Sixties Evolution to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the two boyhood pals have never wavered in one of the most enduring friendships in Rock history.
The name Hot Tuna invokes as many different moods and reactions as there are Hot Tuna fans -- millions of them. To some, Hot Tuna is a reminder of some wild and happy times, to others, the name will forever be linked to their own discovery of the power and depth of American blues and roots music. To newer fans, Hot Tuna is a tight, masterful duo, always on the cutting edge of creativity.
Hot Tuna on Tour 2018 Winter/Spring
Jan 11 City Winery, Nashville, TN
Jan 12 City Winery, Atlanta, GA
Jan 13 &14 Sunshine Music Festival, Boca Raton, FL*
Jan 17-21 Dark Star's Jamaican Jam, Sand Runaway Bay. Jamaica*
Mar 23-26 Fur Peace Ranch, Jorma Kaukonen and Jack Casady
Mar 29 Bijou Theatre, Knoxville, TN
Mar 30 Jefferson Center, Roanoke, VA
Mar 31 Rams Head on Stage, Annapolis, MD
April 02 Colonial Theatre, Phoenixville, PA
April 04 The Paramount Theatre, Rutland, VT
April 05 Flying Monkey Performance Ctr, Plymouth, NH
April 04 Infinity Hall, Hartford, CT
April 07 Jonathan's, Ogunquit, ME
*Electric Hot Tuna


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Braille iPhone5 Leather fitted case.
EPI now has the new iPhone5 fitted case for your iPhone5. The case is made of leather and designed in the U.S.A. It is made of soft leather that fits snuggle around your iPhone5, and it comes with an attached leather clip that clips on your belt. This case can be used with the straps that come with the Brailliant 32/40, and the Focus Blue 40,the strap has a built in loop to secure your case and additional velcro straps. The side and top buttons of the iPhone5 are exposed for easy use. The case allows the user accessibility to the camera. Our product is extremely durable with a superior design quality, and provides security for your iPhone5
�Snug fit for you iPhone5 .
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�Full Screen visibility, Access to side controls, Low profile.
�Extremely durable with a superior design quality.
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Dealer pricing call (818) 833-8080
With further modifications by Electron Jungle LLC.


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May 22, 2014 would have been the day Sun Ra turned 100 years old. The likes of Mr Beatnick, The Reboot Joy Confession, DJ Aardvarck, and Philadelphia icon King Britt.
"I wanted to take the opportunity to do something different for this Solid Steel mix and I decided to approach the mix as if I was 'back from a good night out' and winding down with some late night weird selections from my vinyl collection", says Bristol's Pinch about his guestmix for the show.
Bugz in the Attic took over the Rinse airwaves for a rare Bank Holiday special. Then again, much more has been going on in the last couple of weeks, as some former Bugz members started their new label Ten50 Records.
My favourite radio show at this moment clearly is the latest Hessle Audio, which is available now on the Rinse FM podcast channel (direct link) for download.
And there are more radio shows worth checking out:
–Lukid on NTS Live
–Tom Trago on Beats in Space
–Four Tet & Joe Goddard on NTS Live
–Floating Points & Sadar Bahar on NTS Live
–Martyn & Guest on NTS Live
Have a nice weekend, everybody!


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Cook the Book: Revelatory Caramel Cake
A classic caramel cake is one of those sugary sweet Southern delicacies that I've read about for years but never actually tasted since they rarely make appearances north of the Mason-Dixon. I had an itch to find out what this caramel cake was all about, especially with "revelatory" in the recipe title.
Adapted by D.C. chef Ann Cashion, this Revelatory Caramel Cake from The Southern Foodways Alliance Community Cookbook is just as incredible to bake as it is to behold. The white cake layers are egg white based, similar in flavor to an angel food cake but with a much denser crumb. Once baked and cooled, it can be iced and filled any which way you please.
But being a caramel cake, this one is really all about the icing. It's actually more of a candy coating. The icing is made by slowly cooking sugar, corn syrup, and milk until deeply caramelized. Butter and vanilla are added after and the icing is cooled and then whipped for about 15 minutes in a stand mixer. You're left with a deep brown, super sticky caramel that's slowly drizzled over the cake, coating it with a glossy, tacky caramel glaze. It's a drippy process, sure to make a big mess of your counter with globs of caramel everywhere, but it's worth it.
When the caramel coating has a chance to cool it coats the cake in a crazy thick layer of candy, keeping the cake within super moist and a candy bar caramel chewiness to every bite.
As always with our Cook the Book feature, we have five (5) copies of The Southern Foodways Alliance Community Cookbook to give away this week.
Adapted from The Southern Foodways Alliance Community Cookbook by John T. Edge and Sara Roahen. Copyright © 2010. Published by University of Georgia Press. Available wherever books are sold. All Rights Reserved.
- Yield:one 8-inch layer cake
- Active time: 45 minutes
- Total time:1 hour 30 minutes
- For the white cake layers:
- 4 large egg whites, at room temperature
- 1 cup whole milk, divided
- 2¼ teaspoons vanilla extract
- 3 cups sifted cake flour
- 1½ cups sugar
- 4 teaspoons baking powder
- ¾ teaspoon salt
- ¼ pound plus 4 tablespoons (1½ sticks) unsalted butter, cut into 1-tablespoon pieces, at room temperature
- For the caramel icing:
- 3 cups sugar, divided
- 3 tablespoons light corn syrup
- 1½ cups whole milk
- 4 tablespoons (½ stick) unsalted butter
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
To make the cake layers: Preheat the oven to 350ºf. Grease 3 eight-inch cake pans. Line the bottoms with rounds of parchment and grease the parchment. Lightly coat the inside of the pans with flour, tapping out the excess. Set the pans aside.
Stir together the egg whites, ¼ cup of the milk, and the vanilla in a small bowl; set aside. In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt. Scatter the pieces of butter over the top and pour in the remaining ¾ cup of milk. Use an electric mixer set to low speed to mix the batter until the dry ingredients are moistened. Increase the mixer to medium speed and beat the batter for 90 seconds. Scrape down the sides of the bowl with a rubber spatula. With the mixer set to medium speed, add the egg mixture in 3 additions, beating the batter for 20 seconds after each addition.
Divide the batter evenly among the 3 prepared pans and smooth the tops with the spatula. Bake until a tester inserted into the center of the cakes comes out clean and the cakes are just beginning to pull away from the sides of the pan, about 20 minutes.
The layers will be light golden on top, not browned. Cool the layers in the pans on a wire rack for 10 minutes. Turn out the layers onto the rack to cool to room temperature before making the icing.
To make the caramel icing: In a small saucepan, stir together 2½ cups of the sugar, the corn syrup, and the milk; cook over medium heat, stirring until the sugar dissolves. Keep warm over low heat. In a deep, heavy saucepan, sprinkle the remaining ½ cup of sugar evenly over the bottom. Cook over medium heat without stirring until the sugar dissolves, caramelizes, and turns the color of amber. Carefully pour the warm milk mixture into the caramel; the mixture will bubble vigorously and hiss, and the caramel will harden. Cook over medium-high heat, stirring constantly with a wooden spoon, until the caramel loosens from the bottom of the pan and dissolves into the liquid. Cook without stirring until the mixture reaches soft-ball stage (235ºf ) on a candy thermometer. Remove from the heat and stir in the butter and vanilla. Set aside to cool for 15 minutes. Beat vigorously with a wooden spoon or an electric mixer set to medium speed until the icing is no longer shiny and is thick and creamy enough to spread, about 15 minutes.
To assemble the cake:Place a cake layer on a serving plate. Pour enough icing over the layer to cover the top. Add the next cake layer and cover the top with icing. Add the final cake layer and slowly pour the rest of the icing over the top, letting it run down the sides. Use an offset spatula to gently spread the icing evenly around the sides of the cake, taking care to not rip the cake. Let the cake rest at room temperature at least 2 hours or until the icing is set before serving.
Note: You can also bake the cake in 2 nine-inch pans. Increase the baking time to about 30 minutes.
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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Smart Transport
Produces less CO2 emissions
Red Bull Energy Drinks travel to their destination predominantly by train and ship. We'll only use trucks when it's absolutely necessary. Since our cans are compact in shape and light in weight, they are a more efficient transport packaging than PET or Glass Bottles.
- Glass Bottles
- need 40% more space
- PET Bottles
- need 30% more space
- Our Can
- light and compact
Transportation to more than 171 countries around the world
As soon as the Red Bull cans have been filled, they're transported from Austria and Switzerland to more than 171 countries worldwide. The cans travel long distances, whenever possible by ship and rail. Transportation by truck is the last resort when there's no other means of delivery - it remains Red Bull's priority to allocate ever more transport to rail and shipping.
The can is an ideal transport packaging
A can is easy to transport because of its form and low weight. Thus, it can be said that the can is an ideal transport packaging, especially when compared to other forms of packaging: it saves about 40% in truck loads compared to glass bottles and about 30% compared to PET bottles.Back to lifecycle


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Troubles That Are Coming—Soon
There are many things that have happened that are horrible, but even worse things are soon to come upon the human race. The secular world does not know, they do not see, because they do not study, because they do not believe the things that are about to come upon all of us. Ignorance to reality will not save any of us from that reality, I wish it would, but it won't. Here in America, a nation that was founded on Christian beliefs has turned its back on anything and everything to do with the Bible, faith, and Jesus, and then we wonder why our nation and the world has turned so violent and hate filled. Hollywood and the media teach society that they are the path to follow, that total ego is the true path to follow if we want a life of happiness. Hollywood and the media push violence, cursing, and filth at everyone from birth to the grave and call it good and call it progress. Hollywood and the liberal left now insist that women not having the right to murder their babies is stone age thinking and they say the far right is trying to take away this "right" If a person was to believe Christian or Jewish scripture then they would understand that our excepted society is evil, this is why they constantly have to attack these faiths trying to demonize them. You see these faith-based religions teach that what our society is teaching is evil, this is why they attack all that is scriptural sound doctrine otherwise they would have to admit that they are the ones that are pure evil.
About a month ago in this blog I wrote of some bad things that have happened, things past tense that were secret evils. By no means am I saying that I know everything, nor that I have been shown everything, nor that I understand everything past or future, I can only tell you the things that I have been shown and the things that I believe. All I can do is bring them to your attention, believe whatever you wish; I'm just trying to be helpful. I am going to tell you things that I know are going to happen to America in the very near future and something's that are America and world related that are soon to happen most within this next generation. I would like to say "may God have mercy upon all of us", but that would be misleading if we don't even know what God means by mercy. People, friends, brothers, sisters, the world has never seen the level of Hell that is coming to the face of this planet.
Now I will start to tell you of the things that are soon to come here in America then I will expand to some more global issues.–The mark of the Devil and the sign of the Anti-Christ ARE NOT the same thing! When I was growing up in a Christian believing household I was always led to believe that there was simply one "Devil", well, there is only one Satan but also thousands of other former Angels turned Demons. Demons can only possess one person at a time unlike the Spirit of God who can possess billions at one time. So, these Demons, who do you think would be their prime targets to possess? Would the prime targets be the average office worker or factory worker, or politicians and world leaders? Which leaders would be the most prime targets? All leaders would be targets but the most prime ones would obviously be the leaders with the most power, of the countries with the most power. Where do you think our leaders would place on the Demons wish list? People, the governments are evil and they are only going to get worse!
As any American knows if they are paying any attention to life around them we are having trouble securing our borders and we are having trouble securing our money supply from fraud. Also identity theft is becoming more and more of a problem in our society. At every level our society and it's so called securities are breaking down. As we all know, the governments are becoming all-powerful and it is only through their great wisdom that we the people can be "saved". We become totally dependent upon our leaders, we must all do what they say or we become the enemy of our nation. The government must come up with a program that can secure the nation's borders for our own security. The government's money supply and the finances of our people must be secured so that everyone's savings and property isn't stolen by the bad guys. But, how can such a thing be done?–Revelation 13:16 and 17, "And He (the beast) caused everyone, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their forehead: So that no man could buy or sell, unless he had the mark,…". Also Revelation 14: 9-11, "…if any man worships the Beast and His image, and receives His mark in his forehead, or in his hand, The same shall drink of the wrath of the wine of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of His indignation: and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the Holy Angels, and in the presence of the Lamb (Jesus): And the smoke of their torment will ascend up forever and ever: and they shall have no rest day or night, who worship the beast and his image, and whosoever receives the mark of his name". Friends, this is just a small piece of the trouble that is already busting through our doors, we all need to think about what we are doing and what we are going to do.
I'll just put a couple of questions out to you, all I ask is that people just quietly think about them in their own brain. These are what if questions, what if I am correct about what I have told you? I know these things by faith, prayer, study, and a lifetime of observation. What if our federal government decides that they have no choice but to implement a chip policy? Chip systems have been in place now for a long time, a different type of chip, but you ease in controversial changes to get people to learn to conform to their "necessary requirements". We started out with putting chips in our animals so we wouldn't lose them, then came added information like health records. Well, before you say that's just about animals, there has been a program now for several years putting chips in newborns for the same type reasons as the animals. O' by the way, preschool and grade school children by parental requests have been getting these for the same type reasons, getting lost, stolen, medical info etc.
Now, about us adults, we all have to decide what we are going to do when these chips are required instead of the current permission/request policy. Everyone in this country is a number from birth, that makes things easy enough. We are all going to have to decide in our own minds what we are going to do if/when this happens. Millions will go along with it without thought; it will sound like a great idea. These are the people who are usually ignorant of the Scriptures and who usually have no religion/faith in their up bringing. Many people, even those who say they are Christian will not like it, but they will conform. The reasons for this are simple, if there is no cash system, then no plastic, only the chip in your wrist/hand (during the Roman Empire and the time of the first advent the wrist was considered to be part of the hand) and all financial information is loaded onto your chip, and without the chip you have no financial means to survive, what are You going to do?
When you cannot work, buy, sell, or rent a place to live, not even a skid row flee bag motel; when you cannot buy gas or food and you are going to lose absolutely everything you thought you owned, what are you going to do? When you find yourself out in the street with no shelter or food and no way to get any, are you going to allow the chip? Remember how the government in the late 1800's stole everything the Indian people owned, then those they hadn't already killed they forced onto reservations? How many times once the people were rounded up and disarmed did the military get sent in to scorch the earth of them? History lessons make perfect examples of evil and how too! The only people who absolutely refuse to be chipped will be the true faithful of the Christian population and some of our Jewish brothers. These people will become enemy number one of the state who will get blamed for all the worlds problems. Remember Germany/Hitler/WW-2, how did this evil empire try to accomplish its goal of killing every Jewish person on earth? The slogan after the war was "never again", people, that was only a blueprint to grow from when you have evil running your countries.
Whatever we put first in our lives IS our God, how about our money, is that our God? These things are coming; they are not that far away. Again, I ask You the question, brother, sister, what are You going to do?


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Nice additions again. I'm not sure about how quality these two guys JT Lang or Quinn Johnson are – but Quinn Johnson does come from a newer football powerhouse in LSU. Wonder if Matt Flynn knew this guy.
One reason why I'm feeling pretty good about this draft – is that TT appears to be drafting for need positions more than in the past. While I understand the philosophy behind "best player available", I think it's best when that philosophy is blended as well as possible with team needs. I think TT would have a hard time arguing that this year, he hasn't been focused a bit more on team needs. (By the way, I think FB was more of a need than others. Korey Hall and John Kuhn have been OK, nothing special, and I'd go so far as to say that they played a part in the weaker running game last year (as did Grant and the O-Line).


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REIN''s Williamson County Lunch Meeting meets the 3rd Thursday of the month, bringing together serious, motivated real estate investors. Rehabbers, New Construction Builders, Commercial, Mini-storage, Wholesalers, Private Lenders, Transaction Funders, Hard-Money Lenders, Bankers, Title Attorneys, Realtors, and Vendors discuss deals, the state of the market, and how they can help each other prosper. Time: 11:30 am - 12:30 pm Doors open at 11:15 and we have the room till 1 pm. Cost: Your Own Lunch Atmosphere: Casual Attire: Come as you are. With this diverse group, bring your business cards, flyers, and a smile. Need more info? Bev DeLong - firstname.lastname@example.com
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Thanks to everyone who stuck out the preso on Flash Builder for Dreamweaver CS5 users. Clearly this isn't my month for demos. I've uploaded the slides as well as the (working) source code. There are two directories, the Flex directory which includes the source code for the Flex projects and the html directory which includes the HTML code.
Flash builder for dreamweaver cs5 developers
View more presentations from ryanstewart.
It's got examples for using ExternalInterface, the Flex/AJAX Bridge, and FlashVars. You can grab it here.


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Aurimas Virzintas-Cozy Table
At Design Interviews
Interview with Aurimas Virzintas : Frank Scott: How long did it take you to design this particular concept?. Aurimas Virzintas : 18 months .Frank Scott: Who is the target customer for his design?. Aurimas Virzintas : Segment One (Parents with young children) Parents always want to give best for their children. One type of our products is motority driven products which means that children are able to express their creativity using Kirigami Design: writing and constructing. It is important for parents to understand the value Kirigami Design wants to give that children can express themselves by writing on a desk with a chalk. Children can also engage themselves in the process of DIY of Kirigami Design furniture. This segment is unique because People are open-minded and are willing to try new things based on feedback from the forums and blogs. In addition they are satisfied when their children are excited daily. The major value is valuable time spent with family. 1.2 Segment Two (Big city citizens) Second segment is Big city citizens living in central area though in tiny and cozy apartments. It is important to use space wisely in the Apartments which are small. A customer in this segment does not spend much time at home, because he is traveling or socializing most of the time. However, home is the place to relax and recover, which means every detail is important and it should bring positive emotions. What is more, people in this segment can win if they rent their apartment and move to the other homes. It helps to collect furniture faster as they can assemble and disassemble themselves with no additional tools or help. .Frank Scott: What sets this design apart from other similar or resembling concepts?. Aurimas Virzintas : • Sustainable: We choose natural materials and maintain nature in every day life • Insightful: We think how to create the stylish solution • Engaging: Furniture assembly can become a pleasant activity • Portable: Experience moving without stress by taking less time and less energy assembling and disassembling Kirigami furniture • Customized: Personalize and stand out among mass • Sincere: Our design is minimalistic with clear lines and value .Frank Scott: Who did you collaborate with for this design? Did you work with people with technical / specialized skills?. Aurimas Virzintas : We have worked and consulted with designers, architects, constructors, engineers and marketing specialists. .Frank Scott: How did you decide to submit your design to an international design competition?. Aurimas Virzintas : We want to increase our brand awareness explaining the unique DIY concept of our products. .
Aurimas Virzintas-Cozy Table Images:
End of the article, click here to go back to previous page, or alternatively go back to Design Manner homepage.


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P3DC-12-4-3 Spec Sheet
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Learn how Schomp is Addressing COVID-19 by taking safety precautions and offering No-Contact solutions.
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Delivers 36 Highway MPG and 29 City MPG! This Honda Civic Coupe delivers a Regular Unleaded I-4 2.0 L/122 engine powering this Variable transmission. Wheels: 18 Alloy w/Gloss Black Inserts, VSA Electronic Stability Control (ESC), Valet Function.
This Honda Civic Coupe Features the Following Options
Trunk Rear Cargo Access, Trip Computer, Transmission: Continuously Variable (CVT) -inc: paddle shifters, Remote Engine Start, Tires: 235/40R18 91W AS, Systems Monitor, Strut Front Suspension w/Coil Springs, Steel Spare Wheel, Sliding Front Center Armrest, Side Impact Beams, Seats w/Cloth Back Material.
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/mnt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf &
will not work. If I then put the appropriate directory in my path, like this:
/mnt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf &
It still will not work as expected. In the first case, it complains that it cannot find my_print_defaults, and then just goes on, seemingly using some default values, error logging to /usr/local/mysql/data and trying to run /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld, and before you ask, yes I have set things like ledir and basedir in the [mysqld_safe] section in the .cnf file.
Anyway, the fix for all this is to run mysqld_safe with the current directory being the same as basedir (i.e. one step "above" where mysqld_safe is located). To tell Upstart to run in a specific directory, you use the chdir stanza. So my scripted ended up looking like this now:
#And lastly, again before you ask, don't try the easy way out here:
# MySQL Service for Recorded Future
description "MySQL Server"
author "Anders Karlsson, Recorded Future"
start on (net-device-up
and local-filesystems
and runlevel [2345])
stop on runlevel [016]
expect fork
kill timeout 2
# Set variables.
env MYSQL_ETC=/etc/mysql
env MYSQL_PIDFILE=/var/run/mysql.pid
env MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql5.5
env MYSQL_INSTANCE=my
umask 007
chdir /usr/local/mysql5.5
exec $MYSQL_HOME/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$MYSQL_ETC/$MYSQL_INSTANCE.cnf >> /tmp/x.out &
post-start script
# Wait for MySQL to start.
while [ $loop -gt 0 ]; do
if $MYSQL_HOME/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=$MYSQL_ETC/$MYSQL_INSTANCE.cnf ping; then
loop=$(($loop - 1))
sleep 1
exit 0
end script
# Send a soft SIGTERM to MySQL before Upstart will kill it.
# A Sigterm to mysqld will cause a controlled shutdown.
pre-stop script
exec kill -SIGTERM `cat $MYSQL_PIDFILE`
# Wait for MySQL to end. Flushing buffers and all.
while [ $loop -gt 0 ]; do
# If the pidfile is found, then continue waiting.
if [ -e $MYSQL_PIDFILE ] ; then
loop=$((loop - 1))
sleep 1
end script
chdir $MYSQL_HOME
It will not work. And as usual, debugging this with Upstart is nearly impossible. If you try using the above syntax, all you get is an information that the script would not run (and, yes, the console Upstart stanza is more or less useless. Why I cannot tell Upstart to output to the current terminal is beyond me, and why there is no verbose mode, I do not know either).
I will check up the issue with mysqld_safe and send a bug report to MySQL (if it isn't there already). As for upstart, I am so annoyed by it at this point in time, that I'm not sure I have the energy to post a bug report, as I cannot even tell what so-called "feature" is most annoying. But again, this may be because of my limited upstart exposure. Upstart is sure different from working with chef though (which I am also new to). One single, minor, error in chef, and you get an error listing the size of Encyclopedia Britannica. Whereas Upstart on the other side would say something like "job failed", and nothing more, if it was managing the Titanic.


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What is the size plywood that Gibson used on a 1982 houseboat deck from the factory? Need to repair a section of deck.
What is the size plywood that Gibson used on a 1982 houseboat deck from the factory? Need to repair a section of deck.
So far all of the marine plywood I've seen on our Gibson is 3/4"
I'm assuming you have soft spots anyway, so I suggest you drill a hole and take a measurement.......they may have done things differently in 82 then 83. I would not be surprised if you find it to be a bit under 3/4", but not a standard thickness. If this is the case you will just need to purchase the next size below what you have and pad your joists a bit. Just FYI, it's not necessary to to use marine plywood for the repair as they didn't use it originally. Just non treated exterior glue plywood will do the job just fine.
1986 Gibson 50'
Twin 454 Crusaders
Monroe Reservoir, Bloomington, IN
Yes I will be repairing a section this fall. Will be using exterior ply and epoxy. Was searching for information and can't find anything about the material thickness on the deck.
I repaired a chunk of my roof this summer, and you're likely going to run into the same problem I did: Plywood these days is thinner than in the 'old days'. So, if you had 5/8" plywood before (which you probably do), todays 5/8 is 19/32, and 3/4 is 23/32. So 3/4" is still too thick, and 5/8" isn't thick enough. I ended up shimming my patch to bring it level. And I also found out, plywood swells up over the years. I could've ALMOST gotten away with using 3/4", but not quite...
Well think I will just go with 3/4. Will probably just redo the entire deck over the next year or so anyway.
That's because most plywood today is manufactured to metric sizes. It may be advertised as 1/2" but it's actually 12 mm, or 3/4" but it's actually 18 mm ( 3/4'= 19.05 mm, 18 mm = 23/32 12MM = 15/32 13MM = 1/2")
Plywood today comes mostly in the following sizes 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 12mm, 18mm and larger.
Good wiki page on plywood http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plywood
Best source of info on plywood, The Engineered Wood Products Association (Used to be called the American Plywood Association - APA) http://www.apawood.org/
Peter D. EIkenberry
Don't tell I can't. Tell me how I can.
Thanks I will let you know how I make out, should be in a couple weeks when the weather cools down


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Rudyard's British Pub
2010 Waugh Dr
Houston, TX 77006
Food, Beer, Music, Comedy, Darts. We have it all.
Morgan Page
Vermont native Morgan Page began making electronic music at the age of 12. After gaining the attention of jockeys at local free-form radio stations, Page -- prior to graduating from high school -- began DJing himself on the University of Vermont's station. There, his horizons and knowledge about dance music broadened significantly, especially when it came to house. After taking up an internship at the Plastic City label, Page initiated a steady release schedule that saw a handful of 12" singles scattered each year from 2000 through 2006. In addition to appearing on labels like Nordic Trax, Fiji, Bedrock, Saw, LowDown, and Force Tracks, Page remixed singles for Terry Lee Brown, Jr., Ashlee Simpson, and Men, Women & Children. Nettwek Records took note and signed Page for the release of 2008's Elevate, a collection of remixes and original songs. ~ Andy Kellman, Rovi