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South African Journal of Child Health
versão On-line ISSN 1999-7671
versão impressa ISSN 1994-3032
S. Afr. j. child health vol.8 no.2 Cape Town Mai. 2014
A strategy for scaling up vitamin A supplementation for young children in a remote rural setting in Zimbabwe
W G DubeI; T MakoniII; T K NyadzayoIII; N M CovicIV
IBSc (Hons); Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom campus, South Africa. Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, Gokwe-North District, Zimbabwe
IIBSc; Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, Gokwe-North District, Zimbabwe
IIIMSc; Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, National Nutrition Department, Zimbabwe
IVPhD; Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom campus, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem in Zimbabwe. Addressing vitamin A deficiency has the potential to enhance resistance to disease and reduce mortality, especially in children aged <5 years.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a vitamin A supplementation outreach strategy implemented in one of the remote rural districts in Zimbabwe, which increased coverage after being implemented in difficult circumstances in a remote rural region.
METHODS: We implemented and adapted a vitamin A supplementation outreach strategy within the national immunisation days (NIDs) and extended programme of immunisation in a remote rural district in Zimbabwe. The strategy involved supplementating children at prescheduled outreach points once per month for the whole year. Despite usual operational challenges faced at implementation, this approach enabled the district to increase delivery of vitamin A supplements to young children in the district.
RESULTS: The strategy covered 63 outreach sites, with two sites being covered per day and visited once per month for the whole year. Coverage reached 71% in an area in which previous coverage rates were around <50%.
CONCLUSION: Implementing a vitamin A supplementation outreach strategy increased vitamin A supplementation coverage among children living in a remote rural region. This strategy can potentially be used by Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) member states. However, we recommend further exploration of this strategy by others working in similar circumstances.
In developing countries it is estimated that deficiencies in iron, zinc and vitamin A each rank among the top ten leading causes of death.[1] In Africa about 350 million children and women suffer from deficiencies in vitamin A and iron,[2] and Zimbabwe is no exception to the effects of micronutrient deficiencies and 'hidden hunger'.[3] Results of a micronutrient survey in 1999 showed a 35.8% prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among young children (aged 12 -71 months) and 18% among schoolgoing children.[4]
Zimbabwe was categorised by the World Health Organization (WHO) as being at high risk of vitamin A deficiency in 1997.[5] The results of the 1999 micronutrient survey, which showed high levels of vitamin A deficiency in Zimbabwe,[4] led to the country adopting WHO recommendations for vitamin A supplementation in children and women. Several initiatives have been and/or are being implemented to address vitamin A deficiency, including food fortification, education to increase the consumption of foods rich in vitamin A, and high-dose oral supplements[6]
The National Vitamin A Supplementation Programme was thus initiated in 2001.[7] In 2002, with funding from the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), vitamin A supplementation was integrated into the national immunisation days (NIDs) and the expanded programme on immunisation (EPI).[5,8] The 2003 national nutrition and EPI survey found that the vitamin A capsules distributed through the NIDs and EPI had reached only 46% of the targeted population.[5] Worse still, the food and nutrition survey in 2004 observed that only 23% of assessed children had received vitamin A supplementation in the past 6 months.[9]
It was found that up to 90% of children in remote rural areas did not receive vitamin A supplementation.[10] Support from Helen Keller International (HKI) then increased coverage in 2006 to 65% at the second dose[8] through child health days and by taking advantage of integrated measles campaigns. HKI leadership and funding of the programme made it possible to have an extensive collaborative structure comprising the Ministry of Health, Community Welfare Department, the Nutrition Department (Ministry of Health), UNICEF, Rotary International, Plan International and other nongovernmental organisations as partners in the programme. With HKI pulling out in 2010, the vitamin A national supplementation coverage was again low, at 49%.[11] This was attributed to several factors including economic changes in the country, challenges in government financial support and other inputs. The situation was made worse by an economic environment of hyperinflation and subsequent challenges that followed a change in currency to the US dollar. This left UNICEF as the main support partner together with the Ministry of Health sectors and required the formulation of additional strategies to bring about more sustainable vitamin A supplementation, and equip national staff to implement these strategies.[5]
Here we describe a successful vitamin A supplementation outreach strategy implemented in one of the remote rural districts in Zimbabwe, which increased coverage under the hard-to-reach circumstances of this remote rural region.
The Gokwe-North District initiated and adapted a vitamin A supplementation outreach strategy within the national NIDs and EPI programme in 2011. This programme involved collaboration of departmental heads from different key government departments (Nursing, Nutrition, Health Education and Promotion, Administration and Accounting); their different responsibilities are listed in Table 1. These did not require specialised personnel in regions where staffing was a challenge; lower-level staff could be trained to carry out the different responsibilities. A nursing officer was responsible for the overall co-ordination of the programme. The key implementers in the programme were a team of EPI nurses, being a mix of registered general nurses and primary care nurses.
The team, led by the nursing officer, designed a year-long EPI outreach schedule for routine vaccination and vitamin A supplementation (Tables 2 and 3). Outreach sites were determined in consultation with village health workers (VHWs) to ensure that even the furthest areas from the rural health centres (RHCs) were adequately covered. Part of the logistical planning of the outreach programme involved ordering vitamin A supplements from the provincial EPI department to the district, from where the teams distributed to their respective outreach sites. Each outreach site was visited once per month in the year. When funding was available for fuel and special district inventory, the district administrator would support the running of the programme.
Two outreach teams were used for the whole district of population size 234 673 as per 2011. The two teams were strategically allocated to cover the eastern (E) and western (W) blocks of the district. Travelling distances to the supplementation sites totalled ~1 000 km of mostly rough gravel roads. Each team consisted of three EPI nurses responsible for supplementation, and a driver. These nurses were originally stationed in the largest EPI department of the district. The nurses were responsible for ensuring reach to those failing to obtain supplementation at their nearest RHC. A team would camp in the field for 5 days, and were supported with general supplies (food and general needs) from the district health services fund. In addition, in the year of the programme, UNICEF twice offered a small amount of funding to cover fuel and allowances. The allowances were calculated using prevailing government rates and were used to fund about 4 months' expenses. Accommodation for the team members was provided by the RHCs located close to the sites where outreach would be implemented. This was to ensure that no costs were incurred by the nurses and was a gesture of appreciation from the RHC for the commitment of the team in covering their catchment area.
The teams would plan to carry out vitamin A supplementation at two different outreach sites per day as per the supplementation schedule (Tables 2 and 3); e.g. in the E block, sites E1 and E2 would be visited at different dates of the calendar month for all 12 months (Table 2). The demand for supplementation at these sites for the following months was initiated by the mobilising efforts of the VHWs. Within the communities, messages of the team's outreach efforts were spread to encourage those who had been missed to anticipate the next supplementation date. During the actual supplementation process the outreach team would make use of individual child health cards to check if the child was ready for supplementation and to avoid double/repeated doses. This process also facilitated the administration of outstanding immunisations, thereby influencing immunisation coverage positively.
After every day's supplementation, a team leader would take time to update that day's statistics. This included compilation of the numbers supplemented at a particular point, supplements provided and any wastage. The nutritionist or any district executive member would do a follow-up supervision to verify the statistics and perform any other supervisory roles to support the outreach teams. A monthly consolidation of statistics was performed to address challenges for a particular month.
VHWs were central to ensuring mobilisation at the community level for supplementation. This mobilisation was supported by an initial mobilisation before supplementation outreach under the responsibility of the health education and promotion officer (HEPO). Furthermore, the HEPO provided vitamin A supplementation brochures in vernacular and English, which the teams distributed to mothers and caregivers as take-home brochures.
Vitamin A coverage was calculated by comparing the number of children given vitamin A as a proportion of the estimated total number of children, using the WHO assumption of 90% of the total population as an estimate of the 6 - 59 months age-group population (17%).[12] Coverage was then calculated as follows: number of children aged 6-59 months given vitamin A f estimated total number of children aged 6 - 59 months in the target population x 100
Based on the estimated district population of 234 673 for 2011, a total catchment population of 35 905 children aged 6 - 59 months was determined. Of these, 25 666 children aged 6 - 59 months (71%) were given vitamin A in the 12 months of supplementation in the district. Wastage levels were relatively low, with <10% being reported from the outreach supplementation programme.
The 1-year vitamin A schedule was implemented in both the E and W blocks of the district (Tables 2 and 3). Challenges were faced at particular times, especially due to delays or limited resources (mainly fuel and food supplies). This resulted in the teams having to leave late for their designated sites and ultimately resulted in loss of supplementation in some children who would have been mobilised for a particular day. The other uncertainty that the teams faced was where a medical emergency would occur and the outreach vehicle would be used as the ambulance. This affected the movements of the teams. Having experienced these challenges, the team could address them through the provision of a budget at local level.
Teams were affected by harsh weather conditions and this was felt most by the outreach programme that started in March for the W block (Table 3). During the summer rains, some areas became totally unreachable due to the poor state of roads.
Despite the operational challenges faced and taking into consideration that the programme was in its initial stage, results indicate a potential strategy within the existing NIDs and EPI programme that can contribute towards ensuring the delivery of vitamin A in hard-to-reach areas such as the district in which we worked.
In 2005, with a national coverage of 22.3%, the best coverage contribution of 50% was from an urban area. For rural areas a range of between 81.9% and 96.9% of children did not receive vitamin A in the previous 6 months.[10] To provide a preventive dose every 6 months to children aged 6 - 59 months, the country followed varied strategies at different locations (urban and rural). Coverage was higher in urban areas as supplementation was relatively easier to implement. However, supplementation in rural areas presents a different scenario of hard-to-reach areas.[13] Efforts to provide vitamin A supplements to remote rural regions are important, as children in these areas may be more vulnerable to morbidity and mortality.[12,14] Children under these types of circumstances have been reported to be born with negligible vitamin A stores while at the same time suffering frequent infections. In addition, they are also likely not to receive adequate vitamin A through breastmilk in the first 6 months of life, especially if the mother is malnourished.[15] Efficient and effective delivery of vitamin A supplements would contribute to protecting children against increased vulnerability to vitamin A deficiency and its consequences.[12]
The involvement of the different stakeholders in the entire process from planning to implementation was useful. It is important to realise the importance of collaboration and consultation of provincial and district-level nutrition programmes in all the planning activities for vitamin A supplementation from the earliest moments.[15] Furthermore, great emphasis must be placed on the need for continued support and motivation for the teams that will be physically involved in visiting the outreach teams. This can be in the form of department-to-department support structures, such as psychological rewards for the nurses and general celebrations for achieved goals/targets. Approaches such as these can support continued, sustainable motivation for the perpetual implementation of the strategy. This approach might also have had a positive effect on vaccination coverage;[16] however, this is out of the scope of the current article and remains to be verified.
A highly organised vitamin A supplementation outreach programme can contribute to enhanced coverage. In this instance, the adaptation of the supplementation process within existing structures resulted in a strategy with potential to improve coverage in hard-to-reach rural districts in Zimbabwe. We recommend further exploration of this strategy by others working under similar circumstances and motivate for its use in Scaling Up Member (SUN) states. We believe that if this strategy was to be well co-ordinated, it could result in full vitamin A supplementation coverage in several countries, such as seen in Guatemala (Solomon, personal communication).
Acknowledgements. We acknowledge the work of all the staff involved in the 2011 EPI outreach programme, in particular Ms Mashabakure, the Gokwe-North District nursing officer who was the pioneer and overall co-ordinator thereof. We also acknowledge the work and support of the provincial nutritionist and provincial nursing officer. Support provided by partners operating in the district is also greatly appreciated. Lastly, our greatest acknowledgement goes to all the VHWs for committed efforts in mobilising and motivating communities to receive vitamin A supplements. Towards the implementation of this strategy in the Gokwe-North District, we acknowledge UNICEF for their generous financial support. We thank Sight and Life for funding presentation of this article at the International Conference on Food Security and Nutrition (ICFSN) 2013, Johannesburg, South Africa 29 - 30 April 2013.
1. Tulchinsky TH. Micronutrient deficiency conditions: Global health issues. Pub Health Rev 2010;32:243-245. [ Links ]
2. Allen L, de Benoist B, Dary O, et al. Guidelines on food fortification with micronutrients. Geneva: World Health Organization, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, 2006:3-17. [ Links ]
3. Harrison GG. Public health interventions to combat micronutrient deficiencies. Pub Health Rev 2010;32:256-266. [ Links ]
4. Zimbabwean Ministry of Health and Child Welfare. Draft National Micronutrient Survey Report 1999. Harare: Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, 1999. [ Links ]
5. World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund. Vitamin A Supplements: A Guide to Their Use in the Treatment and Prevention of Vitamin A Deficiency and Xerophthalmia. Geneva: IVACG Task Group, 1997. [ Links ]
6. Gadaga TH, Madzima R, Nembaware N. Status of micronutrient nutrition in Zimbabwe: A review. African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development 2009;9(1):1-9. [http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajfand.v9i1.19209] [ Links ]
7. Miller MF, Stoltzfus RJ, IIiff PJ, et al. Effect of maternal and neonatal vitamin A supplementation and other postnatal factors on anemia in Zimbabwean infants: A prospective, randomized study. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;212. [ Links ]
8. Baker SK, Aguayo V, Garnier D. Post National lmmunization Days Vitamin A Coverage in High-risk Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. HKI Annual Progress Report. 2007. [ Links ]
9. Food and Nutrition Council. Food and Nutrition Surveillance Reports, November 2004. Zimbabwe: Food and Nutrition Council, 2004. [ Links ]
10. Atwood SJ, Sanghvi TG, Sharma V, et al. Stability of vitamin A in fortified vegetable oil and corn soya blend used in child feeding programmes in India. J Food Compost Anal 1995;8(1):32-44. [ Links ]
11. United Nations Children's Fund. Zimbabwe Country Statistics - Nutrition. New York: UNICEF, 2010. [ Links ]
12. Sanghvi T, Fields R. Distribution of Vitamin A During National Immunization Days: A Generic Addendum to the Field Guide for Supplementary Activities Aimed at Achieving Polio Eradication. Geneva: WHO, 1999:27. [ Links ]
13. Ross DA. Recommendations for vitamin A supplementation. J Nutr 2002;132(Suppl 9):2902S-2906S. [ Links ]
14. World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, International Vitamin A Consultative Group Task Force. Vitamin A Supplements: A Guide to Their Use in the Treatment and Prevention. Geneva: WHO, 1997. [ Links ]
15. Horton S, Begin F, Greig A. Best Practices Paper: Micronutrient Supplements for Child Survival (Vitamin A and Zinc). Copenhagen, Denmark: Copenhagen Consensus Center, 2009. [ Links ]
16. District Health Information System 14, Vaccination Gokwe-North District Reports. Zimbabwe: Gokwe-North District, 2012. [ Links ]
W G Dube


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Aaron McConomy
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Aaron's illustrations are characterized by his precise and delicate lines, and he also enjoys using silk-screening and watercolour techniques in his commercial work. He starts out on paper, with a practised outline in brush or pen, and then turns to the computer to add colour, resulting in subtle yet methodical illustrations.
Creative capsule Aaron McConomy
Here is our 9th CREATIVE CAPSULE. This month, we invite you to meet Aaron McConomy, one of the most faithful illustrators of the clinic since many years. Aaron is an artist in the soul, he likes finding and interpreting strong and unique ideas in his creations. He got his own mark and he excels in the editorial domain and many others. Good meeting with the mysterious and charming Aaron.
Describe your creative lab in a few words?
In two sentences, how would you describe your work technique?
I put blobs of color on paper and convince people they look like something
What is the project of which you are most proud of?
I wouldn't want to make the other projects jealous by picking a favorite.
What are your favourite colors to create?
I would very much like to create new colors but it is very hard to imagine what they would look like. Having only 8 colors to work with can be very frustrating.
Why did you become an artist?
I decided when i was pretty little. Drawing was always what i was good at. It was either this or a lucrative career in poking things with sticks.
In four words, how would you describe your style of illustration?
Line, color, line, repeat
What is the project of your dreams?
The New Yorker cover. Well, the front cover. I did the back cover once but it doesn't count.
What does a typical day in the life of Aaron looks like?
I lay in bed and draw. It is a very difficult way to make a living.
What inspires you?
Process. It's not where you start it's where you go.
What is your favourite blog or website?
The Positive Side Magazine (CATIE organization)
Aaron McConomy surprised us with a graphic approach for this estival collaboration with the Positive Side Magazine published by the Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange which mission is to provide with up-to-date and unbiased information about HIV and hepatitis C. This illustration was created for a feature on the current state of a search for an HIV cure. However, Aaron stays true to himself with his color palette combining sobriety and brightness.
Registered Nurse Journal
Even if the subject is difficult to bring up, Aaron McConomy illustrated the difficulty of letting dying patients go and the intense moments of the nurse's job.
OPC Register magazine
Aaron McConomy collaborates again on a conceptual illustration project for the cover of the Ontario Principals' Council Register magazine. The article was about electronic communications in a school setting.
Ontario Principals' Council Register Magazine
Aaron had to illustrate, in a conceptual way, an article about Ontario Leadership Framework (OLF) and the Leading Student Achievement Project (LSA), two resources that help leaders refocus their thinking and practice to support student learning.
Le Maag
Aaron McConomy created a series of small illustrations representing exercices to practice at work for the "tips and tricks" section of the quarterly internal magazine of the Maaf "le Maag".
Report on Business Magazine
For an article about social media, Aaron McConomy illustrates different small graphic illustrations representing the social media tactics of 6 companies featured in the text.
At Home with Century21 Magazine
Aaron McConomy illustrated for an article about the benefit of neighbor watch with an illustration representing the ways of getting to know our neighbors.
The Maple Celebration
Spring is almost there and maple is already in the place of honor in Quebec! La fête de l'érable 2012/ maple celebration event 2012 organized by Quebec Maple Producers took place on March 4th in Montréal. Aaron McConomy was chosen to create for the occasion, a series of illustrations: a cauliflower, a rosemary herb and a vegetable garden. His work has been displayed during the event and has also been used to accompany the event press release.
Affaire Plus Magazine
Aaron McConomy drew a series of obstacle courses that we can experience in our life for an article published on Affaire Plus magazine about how to choose REER depending on the stage in life we are experiencing and that can have an impact on our retirement savings.

subset: commoncrawl


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I like to travel. Wait, scratch that. I LOVE to travel. New places, new voices, new experiences. Everything is foreign and exciting and fresh.
In summer of 2013, I went on a little trip to England, among other places. I spent three glorious days in Derbyshire, at a little inn on the Chatsworth Estate.
There was a path from the inn to the house. It wound through fields filled with cows (watch your step), across a sweet little wooden bridge, and on to the sheep-dotted meadows surrounding the house.
It was breathtakingly beautiful. Literally. The kind of beautiful that makes you stop and look around you with wide eyes, all words driven out of your head, mouth hanging open and utter astonishment written all over your face.
It filled my imagination with a million stories but not enough patience to sit down and write them. It made me want to twirl through the fields singing. It made me want to wear full skirts and petticoats – but I didn't. Well, I didn't wear petticoats.
I had a perpetual smile on my face and a sweet feeling of contentment the entire time I was there.
The inn itself was rambling and charming, with amazing food and attentive staff. There was a Scottish head waiter or food manager of some sort who was dark and a tiny bit portly; he was that odd mix of a teasing sense of humor and perfect manners, all wrapped up in an impeccable three-piece suit. He was training a young man, Graham, I think, and the poor boy didn't know how to behave properly, and the Scotsman was very proper with great attention to detail, which of course led to hilarious observations as Graham was instructed on the proper way of carrying a case, addressing guests, and serving drinks. The poor Scotsman could hardly keep from rolling his eyes. I could almost hear him complaining about how young people today don't know the correct way to do things and how hard it is to find good employees.
My favorite staff member was a waiter who had sandy hair combed perfectly into place and a swoon-worthy Cambridge accent. He described every dish on the menu perfectly, including the lamb that was "sourced form the estate", which made me feel quite bad for the adorable sheep I had passed earlier that day who'd made everything look so picturesque.
What I loved most about this tall thin man was that he reminded me of a beloved character (for me anyway): Basil of Baker Street. Now, you may not remember the movie The Great Mouse Detective, but I loved it as a child and if Basil was made human, he would look just like this waiter. It became so funny to me that I almost called him Basil more than once and could hardly keep from laughing when he was around.
It was delightful.
The house itself was, of course, amazing. Below is a gallery of pictures from Chatsworth. All were taken by me as I traipsed across the grounds in my layered sundress and boots to ward off the mud. I highly recommend it.
I often travel to new places and will likely share many of them here. Where was your most memorable trip? Where are you longing to go? Who would you go with and what would you do there? Tell me – I'm always looking for a new destination.


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Estonian contract manufacturer established in 1990, specialising mostly in the assembly of medical accessories (FMD) in cleanroom (ISO 7) conditions, including extrusion. We also provide cable
BETTER HEALTH THROUGH LABORATORY MEDICINE The American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC) is a global scientific and medical professional organization dedicated to clinical laboratory science
Since 1979 Aalto Scientific has been a leader in the manufacture of OEM/Private label quality controls and calibrators, purified human proteins, and bulk human and animal sera to the
Global Leading Bio Company, Access BioAccess Bio is dedicated to the prevention and early diagnosis of infectious diseases through research, development, and manufacturing of in vitro rapid
A leader in the collection & manufacture of human biological products, ACCESS BIOLOGICALS LLC supports in-vitro diagnostic manufacturing, biopharmaceutical and Life Science businesses.
Acro Biotech is a California-based manufacturer of rapid tests offering the products from state-of-the-art ISO13485:2003 accredited CMDCAS-compliant manufacturing facilities. Our core team comprises
Advanced Biological Laboratories (ABL), S.A., is a Medical Data Technology company founded in 2000 as a spin-off from CRP-Santé Luxembourg. ABL acquired all the patents and IP rights from TherapyEdge
Founded by lateral-flow scientists in 2009, Advin Biotech, Inc. is an FDA registered purveyor of lateral-flow rapid diagnostics, specializing in the innovative design, structured development, and
Ai Mediq is a Luxembourg-based ground-breaking medical technology company that develops novel non-invasive therapeutic solutions leveraging positive treatment effects of high altitude (hypoxic)
Founded in 2008 by biotechnology entrepreneur Alex Thian and Sue Yap with the vision of building a leading biotechnology company, AITbiotech has grown to become a leading Molecular Diagnostic (MDx),
Our Company ALCOR Scientific is a designer and manufacturer of innovative diagnostic instrumentation and medical devices for the healthcare industry. Since our founding in 2001, we have
ALFA is a leader in the development and manufacturing of rapid immunoassay point-of-care tests. We offer a broad range of services including contract product development, technology transfer, OEM
OUR MISSION: Allen Thermal is committed to using our expertise to provide our customers with high quality, reliable sterilization systems, as well as service for steam equipment and lab washers. Who
AmeriTek is located in the beautiful Seattle area of Washington state. Ameritek develops and manufactures the most comprehensive product line in the industry: over 160 rapid test kits for
Amsinos superior quality and technological advancements have gained the trust of healthcare professionals worldwide. With over 23 years of experience, we are fully aware of what it takes to
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Biotrend Is an Argentine brand of high technology devices in electromedicine. Designs, manufactures and markets, for the whole world. VISION To be a global oximetry referent. MISSION To apply the
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(RELIVE) The Kyser Miree Reparations Protest! (REPORT) Flagrant Reparations Offender From Family Suspected Of Owning Slaves Kyser Miree Begged For Privileged & Selfish Life During Reparations Protest Rather Than For Forgive-ness For Family & Race's Crimes Against People Of Color!
"ALL WHITES R REPARATIONS OFFENDERS;" Definition Of A Reparations Offender: Direct & Non Direct, Which R You?
The entire "Western world" profited and still reaps benefits from both that slave trade and the concept of white supremacy and the institution of the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade. Therefore, the entire white world owes.
Contemporary whites' position that they don't owe for slavery is in the same vain of their morally degenerate forefathers who set forth barriers to make the climate to seek reparations impossible after their so-called abolishment of slavery was set fourth.
"All whites are reparations offenders," says NBFSN General Cedishon Angelou. "There are direct reparations offenders and non-direct reparations offenders. Direct reparations offenders are whites from families who owned slaves. Non direct reparations offenders are whites from families who enjoyed either (or both) enjoyed the economic and social position the institution of slavery and white racism afforded them. We do not see the non-direct ones as less guilty than the ones who actually did own slaves."
(See: National Legal & Policy Center's "The Case Against Slave Reparations" by Peter Flaherty & John Carlisle Dismantled; Ask Rusty Ross: Is Your Property On The NBFSN'S Slavery Repartions List? Featuring Michael "Slave Avenger" Thorpe)
From the 15th Century through the 19th Century, it is estimated that 15 millions Africans were enslaved. The Nations involved the the African Slave Trade – Portugal, Spain, England, Holland, France, the Arabs, and theier Africans collaborators, were responsible for the Enslavement of these Africans. The New World (North and South America) and these Nations Used the Enslavedafricans Labor to Developed their Countries.
It is Time that these Nations, who benefited from this Enslavement of Africans PAY REPARATION of $15 Trillions. The Fund, to be used for the Development these Areas, were Africans were Enslaved. – Brother Gadema Quoquoi


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The two younger boys have been creating with paint. Which is a hard task to monitor when they can't really play outside. School holidays = rainy weather at the moment ... :(
But we made it work and when there was a break in the weather I quickly snapped a few photos of their messy glory!
Thank goodness for old plastic tables, right?!
Hope you are having a heart felt, messy day...x


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Picking the best place to pitch up for the night is an art that requires precision. Rocky terrain makes for an uncomfortable sleep; hard ground means battling with those tent pegs; and soft spots mean you might fly away. Put all these concerns aside for a moment though, and imagine waking up in the shadow of snow-capped mountains, or in the middle of a wild, 100-year-old jungle.
This interactive map plots some of our top camping spots. You can read more about our picks in our full screen gallery of the 20 Best Places to Pitch a Tent.
Explore the world, pitch by pitch:


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Mozilliano da 6 anni May 2014
Profilo mozilliano
Lucy Harris
Participation & Community
Hi! My name is Lucy I lead the Community Development Team at Mozilla.
I love building meaningful engagement into projects that matter. Also poutine.
Access Groupsslack-access, event program leads, dinopark-preview-access, mcws-wpengine-admin-mcws, mcws team, mcws-atlassian-admins, community-zoom
Tagstoronto, communities advisory group - early 2017, us open source student leaders, orlando-contributors-2018, test123, 2009 intern, test365, whistler-contributors-2019
Competenzecommunity building, community management, social media management, writing
Approvato da
Abigail Cabunoc Mayes
Lucy is great at helping on-board contributors and increasing participation at Mozilla. She has helped the Mozilla Science Lab shape our offerings through the Participation team.
Chelsea Novak
Lucy has become a vital part of participation at Mozilla. She coordinates Mozillians communications, campus outreach and other important work for the Participation team.
Dino McVouch
An automatic vouch for being a Mozilla employee.


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This week is another turn at Library Day in the Life, the semi-annual event in which librarians and library workers share their workday in the form of pictures, video, and blog entries. It's a project that my good friend Bobbi Newman has been running since 2008 (you can see the other instances of it on the front page of the wiki). I have some ideas to tweet during the week under the #libday7 hashtag, so keep an eye for them.
Here are my previous contributions to Library Day in the Life project:
- Be Yourself No Matter What They Say (Round 5)
- The Love Note (Round 4)
- Library Day in the Life (Round 3)
My personal favorite is from Round 4, which I was honored to have another good friend Pete Bromberg mention at the RUSA President's Program at ALA 2011. When I think back on that, it still makes me smile.
In any event, take a moment to check out the project, see what other people are doing, and maybe even add your own. I look forward to reading about how my peers get along during the week at their library.


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Due to variances in monitors, the colors and patterns displayed may vary slightly from the actual product. Physical samples should be ordered prior to specifying.
When an artist goes to work, each brush stroke is made with purpose and adds intensity to the new masterpiece. In Mix This, the horizontal grooves and multi-toned lineal etches create a unique piece. The subtle metallic undertones give this wallcovering a pop and make it the perfect versatile wallcovering for any space.
This item is also available 27" wide as MDD2899N


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It was a clumsy dismount," says Dave Chappelle. For the past couple of weeks, everybody has been looking for Chappelle. Turns out, all this time Chappelle has been looking for himself too. He is without a doubt the hottest, edgiest and most talked-about comedian today. But on April 28, he walked away from his highly rated sketch-comedy series, Chappelle's Show, and vanished into speculation, rumor and the whispers of unnamed sources. His agent, his publicist, even his writing partner didn't know where he had gone. Comedy Central had to put on hold a show that was scheduled to begin its third season at the end of this month, a show that ranks as its most buzzed-about offering, a show that had been put together in a deal worth $50 million. Chappelle, however, who had fled to Durban, South Africa, on what he describes as a "spiritual retreat," was eager to portray the sanity of his decision when he spoke to TIME exclusively last week.
"I'm not crazy," Chappelle said. "I'm not smoking crack. I'm definitely stressed out."
In the past year, Chappelle, 31, has emerged as the most revered comedian among the youth of America, with a fresh, satiric take on race, sex and pop culture that's often profane, sometimes profound, always provocativeand incredibly popular. The DVD of Chappelle's Show: Season One is the best-selling television-series DVD of all time; Chappelle's Show: Season Two is due in stores May 24 and has already generated almost 2 million preorders. Says trailblazing comic Dick Gregory, who challenged social and racial taboos in the '60s: "When you mention his name among young folks, it's like mentioning Jesus in a Christian church." So Chappelle's MIA act set off a storm of media that hadn't been seen since, well, maybe the week before or so, when news broke that Tom Cruise was dating Katie Holmes. But it seemed as though everybody had questions and nobody had answers. Was Dave off the show for good? Was he a party animal? Was he on drugs?
Was he smoking too much marijuana? Was he smoking too little? Ohand was Dave crazy?
Chappelle's hasty hiatus was an unexpected turn in a success story that TIME started following last November. I introduced myself to the notoriously press-shy Chappelle through a shared connection (my wife's brother-in-law is a childhood friend of his), and as the conversations unfolded, Chappelle decided to give TIME extensive access to the production of his new season. He even stopped by TIME's offices in New York City several times, always coming off as approachable, engaging and irreverent. (At one encounter, he tweaked TIME's editors by saying he was reporting a story for Newsweek.) But in conversations before he skated for South Africa, the tension was showing. "Later today I gotta call the head of the network [Comedy Central chief Doug Herzog], and I gotta face the music," Chappelle said on April 19. "I gotta tell this dude either I'm doing it or not.


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"Also widely known as 'Gjadr' or 'Gjadër', Zadrima is located in the north west of the country, south of Shkodër (Skhodra), about 65km north of Tiranë. The airfield is unique in Albania in being built near a mountain. It was built to allow aircraft after landing to go into a tunnel under the mountain. The tunnels have a capacity of storing about 50 aircraft plus personel. As the airfield is located in the side ofthe mountain, the pilots have to be careful not turn when taking off as they can crash on the sides of the mountain. This airfield was built to minimise the threat from the Serbian Air Force entering Albanian airspace. Hence, the most advanced aircraft, the F-7 was based there, to counter any Serbian aircraft. Construction of the base began in 1969, but because of its complexity it wasn't finished until the mid 1970s. The first aircraft to use its runway landed on 10 July 1973, and the official opening was held on 15 March 1974. Regiment 5646 was established here with one squadron of F-6s, but in May 1976 six FT-5s arrived here and also the F-7A squadron from Rinas. On 16 October 1976, a second F-6 squadron moved to the base from Kuçovë. The home unit was later redesignated 4010 Regt. From April to November 1995 the base hosted Predator UAV systems operated by the USAF to monitor the conflict in Bosnia. On 12 March 1997, the base was stormed by local people and several buildings, including the control tower, were destroyed. Lack of funds prevented the base from being repaired, and flying operations ceased in 2000. It is now used as a storage facility for fighter aircraft withdrawn from service. No air force aircraft are permanently based there."
Albanian Air Force hangar inside a mountain
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By kjfitz @ 2006-04-30 00:08:58


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Derrick Nix's strength and skill were much too much for Valparaiso.
Nix had 23 points and a career-high 15 rebounds to help power third-seeded Michigan State past the 14th-seeded Crusaders 65-54 on Thursday in the NCAA tournament.
The Spartans went on a 26-5 run in the first half to take control, and cruised to an easy victory.
U.S. & World
The day's top national and international news.
Michigan State (26-8) will play the winner of the Memphis-St. Mary's game on Saturday when coach Tom Izzo's Spartans will be shooting for a spot in the round of 16 for the fifth time in six years.
The Crusaders (26-8) were no match for Michigan State in their first NCAA tourney in nine years, just as they weren't as a first-round loser in 2000 to the eventual champion Spartans.
Valpo had enough size to match up, but didn't have enough strength.
The Crusaders didn't seem worried about the 6-foot-9, 270-pound Nix when asked about him the day before the game.
Valpo's 6-8, 240-pound forward Kevin Van Wijk nonchalantly said he and his teammates faced similar players in the Horizon League. If that's true, it didn't seem to prepare Van Wijk and his fellow post players for Nix's brute force, relatively nimble feet and soft hands.
Nix had nine points in the first half when he made his fourth shot to put Michigan State ahead 32-12. At that point, he had as many field goals as the Crusaders' entire team. That basket was scored after backing down Bobby Capobianco so much that the 6-10, 245-pound forward fell on his back as if he was hit by a linebacker. Nix scored 14 in the second half, falling two points shy of matching his career high.
Van Wijk, meanwhile, missed both of his shots in the first half. He fouled out without making any of his six attempts and finishing with two points — well below his 12.7-point average. Valpo's other post player and leading scorer, Ryan Broekhoff, scored eight points — half his average — on 2 of 11 shooting.
Erik Buggs scored 14 and Matt Kenney had 10 points for the Crusaders, whose coach Bryce Drew called as many timeouts as he could to slow down the Spartans.
It didn't work.
While Nix dominated on the inside, Michigan State guards Keith Appling and Gary Harris gave the team offensive balance by making jumpers. Appling scored 15 points — making three 3-pointers — and Harris had 10 points.
When Valpo went to a zone early in the game when the score was tied at 8, Harris made a 3-pointer to put the Spartans ahead for good. He made another 3-pointer during the game's decisive run, making his extra work earlier in the week pay off for him and his team.
More than an hour after Monday's practice, Harris was back in the gym. He got a collapsed ball-return machine out of a corner by himself, wheeled it under a rim and set it up to put up some high-arcing shots. He made 52 of his first 71 shots, mostly from long range, during a personal workout thanks to a sweet stroke that has served the freshman — and the Spartans — well this season.


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School Climate Survey Results
Thank you to all who completed the recent School Climate Survey.
The anonymous survey helped us gather information on the environment and approval of our school system in areas including academic expectations, school safety, school leadership, student involvement, respectful climate, safety, parent and community involvement, and student learning.
Conducted by an independent educational research firm, the survey provided a comprehensive report for the Board of Education and Superintendent Dr. Lonergan to initiate innovative, meaningful school change, make improvements to the school environment, and provide an overall sense of how we might better serve all stakeholders in our education system.
To view the results of the Parent and Staff School Climate Surveys, click on the links to the left.


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Thank you for registering an account! With this account you will be able to save items to your favorites, place items in a cart, and share your digital images with others.
by creating an account, you agree to our Website Policies and Privacy Policy
Due to variances in monitors, the colors and patterns displayed may vary slightly from the actual product. Physical samples should be ordered prior to specifying.
Tiny irregular squares, a quarter inch in size, are piled chock-a-block like miniature tiles one upon the other. The pronounced texture of this delightful geometric wallcovering is enhanced by the metallic sheen of the finish which reflects the light. The baker's dozen colors include Orchid, a lovely grey tinged purple, and Mist, the magical color of wave tossed sea glass.
This item is also available 27" wide as MCO1923N


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IKM San Diego, Krav Maga Classes
IKM San Diego currently has Krav Maga classes in Carlsbad, CA. For more information on how to learn Krav Maga in San Diego, call (858) 349-8795 and speak with Krav Maga instructor Benjamin Halcewicz. He will be happy to go through the details about joining the very next class. At IKM San Diego, we believe that rather than focusing on extra costs related to uniforms, tournament fees, etc, it is best to focus on ingraining the core fundamentals of Krav Maga in each student so each one can become mentally and physically stronger and "walk in peace!" – Imi Lichtenfeld, founder of Krav Maga.
You will find it very simple to join. Submit your first class payment by visiting our Payment System for Self Defense Classes. As always, new students are welcomed!
Offering 10 Krav Maga Classes a Week
- Beginners: Monday, Wednesday, Saturday
- Advanced: Monday, Wednesday, Saturday
- All Levels: Tuesday, Thursday
For more details, click on the date most convenient for you:
Krav Maga Class Schedule Summary
Carlsbad: – Mon: (7:00pm, 8:00pm), Tues: (12Noon, 7:30pm), Wed: (7:00pm, 8:00pm), Thurs: (12:00pm, 7:30pm), Sat (7:50, 8:50am)
Wednesday Class 8:00 pm
August 28, 2019 –
IMPORTANT: Classes are now at our Cali Karate Vista, California
Learn to Fight for your Life
There are things you still have to do before you die for your belongings. In just a few weeks, any attacker coming your way will be in a "world of hurt!"
Self Defense Classes for Advanced Krav Maga Students. Every Wednesday night at 8:00 pm!
As you can see, there are plenty of classes to choose from. There is no reason why you cannot start your martial arts self-defense training today! You will be joining hundreds of San Diego residents who rave about how the Krav Maga techniques they learned, have saved their lives.
With Krav Maga Carlsbad, you are destined to have fun, get fit, and learn self defense! Still not convinced? We want you to make an intelligent decision. Call Benjamin Halcewicz at (858) 349-8795 to workout the details! Get more from Krav Maga Carlsbad on BlogSpot!!!
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Look – Smokey Browns & Blue Liner for the Weekend
It's been a tiring weekend! I hope everybody did something fun/relaxing/exciting this weekend 🙂 Are you ready to start the week? I'm sooo not. This is from yesterday, and I tried to "style" my hair, which did not work out so well, LOL. Oh, well, practice, practice, practice!
You will need the following…
- Eyes: Copperbeam pigment (metallic brown), Woodwinked eyeshadow (warm dark brown), Smoke & Diamonds eyeshadow (warm silver/gray) on outer crease, Smut eyeshadow (dark brown), Goldmine eyeshadow (gold), Rose Blanc eyeshadow (frosty white-gold), UD Electric 24/7 Liner (bright blue), Givenchy Dandy Blue Pencil (dark blue), Plushlash mascara (black)
- Cheeks: Suncentered Colour Forms powder (soft peach)
- Lips: Strawberry Blonde lipstick (warm pink), Moonstone lipglass (sheer gold-pink)
- Brushes: 266 (firm, angled brush), 249 (flat, firm brush), 239 (fluffy shadow brush), 129 (dense blush brush)
- Substitutes: Copperbeam = Tan; Smoke & Diamonds = Silver Ring; Rose Blanc = Nylon; Suncentered = Peachykeen; Strawberry Blonde = Please Me; Moonstone = Nymphette
Directions: Define brows using a coordinating powder shadow applied with the 266 brush. Apply Copperbeam pigment all over the lid as the base with the 249. On lid, apply Woodwinked eyeshadow with the 239 brush. Darken the outer lid using Smoke & Diamonds eyeshadow and drag into crease using the 239. Deepen crease with Smut eyeshadow with the 239. Sweep Rose Blanc underneath the brow bone to highlight. Finish with UD Electric 24/7 Liner on inner lower lash line and Givenchy Dandy Blue Pencil on outer lower lash line, and Plushlash mascara on lashes. Sweep apples of cheeks with Suncentered using the 129. Apply Strawberry Blonde lipstick to lips, and then top with Nymphette lipglass for color and shine.


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Apologies for the lack of posts over the past week, I have been extremely busy due to various commitments and regular posting will be resuming from tonight. What better way to begin the post than with news of an imminent black tie event for our favourite royal couple. :)
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge will attend a reception and dinner in aid of University of St Andrews 600th Anniversary Appeal on Thursday, November 8th at Middle Temple Inn (earlier this month William and Kate visited Middle Temple to launch a scholarship programme). The Duke is patron of the anniversary campaign, which he launched in St Andrews on February 25, 2011.
Also in attendance will be Principal and Vice-Chancellor Professor Louise Richardson, Chancellor Sir Menzies Campbell, together with over 250 alumni and friends. Entertainment will be provided by The Other Guys, a student a capella group who became a YouTube sensation with Royal Romance. I wonder what William and Kate thought of the spoof musical tribute? :)
A small number of premium tickets for this exclusive private donor event are available to friends and philanthropists. Further information on the aforementioned tickets is available here.
|St Andrews Alumni Twitter
William and Kate first met in St Andrews and both graduated in 2005, so there's no doubt the Scottish university holds a special place in their hearts. I'm very much looking forward to this event, and I expect the couple will reminisce about their University days and we will see Kate in a full length gown, possibly a blue frock to honour the colours of St Andrews.
The event will not be the only black tie event the Cambridges will attend in November with another one scheduled for later in the month (possibly the 24th). I will let you all know when there is an official announcement.
'Mr Pearson who won his tenth Paralympic gold medal this year, said: "Kate said she's been learning to ride so I offered to give her some lessons. She held my medals and said how heavy they were, and asked if I'd been riding all my life." He added he had given the Duchess advice after the Countess of Wessex made him aware the novice rider was allergic to horses. "I said 'so am I- but anti-histimines are wonderful'. "he disclosed.


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- Another debate with missing women: It's not just public speaking. This New York Times article documents that fewer women post comments online.
- Never too young: Here's a look at the benefits for students of giving TEDx talks.
- Ask them: Anna Shipman shares data and typical steps taken to get more women speakers at conference, and adds a plea for active outreach to women speakers.
- Did you miss....? I shared news of my new ebook, The Eloquent Woman's Guide to Moderating Panels, and our Famous Speech Friday shared actress Lupita Nyong'o on following your fears.
- About the quote: Susan Cain shares an introvert's perspective on public speaking.
Inspiration, ideas and information to help women build public speaking content, confidence and credibility. Denise Graveline is a Washington, DC-based speaker coach who has coached nearly 200 TEDMED and TEDx speakers--including one of 2016's most popular TED talks. She also has prepared speakers for presentations, testimony, and keynotes. She offers 1:1 coaching and group workshops in public speaking, presentation and media interview skills to both men and women.
Monday, February 16, 2015
The Eloquent Woman's weekly speaker toolkit
Fans of The Eloquent Woman on Facebook see links to good reads, resources and ideas from other sources there, in addition to posts from the blog. But you won't miss a thing, since I'm summarizing that extra content and putting it here on the blog for all readers to see. Here's what I shared in the week just past:
Posted by eloquentwoman at Monday, February 16, 2015 0 comments
Labels: weekly speaker toolkit
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Israel is NOT apartheid state, says South African leader's daughter
Wednesday, August 28, 2013 | Israel Today Staff
The Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement that wants to label Israel as an apartheid state continues to suffer major setbacks, not least of which are outright denunciations by the people who know apartheid best - black South Africans.
In an interview with news blog Democracy Broadcasting, Esther Meshoe, daughter of conservative South African parliamentarian, Dr. Kenneth Meshoe, slammed the BDS movement as nothing but false propaganda.
"The truth is there is no apartheid in Israel," said Meshoe. "My parents suffered through apartheid."
Sadly, many South Africans have been taken in by the BDS claims against Israel. Meshoe recalled the recent visit to Israel by a family friend who was shocked to find the Jewish state very different from what he was told.
"A family friend of ours went to Israel two years ago, and he was in an accident, unfortunately, and he was taken to a hospital. On his right was a Jew, on his left was an Arab, being treated. So here he is, a black man, a South African, and he says to himself, 'This is not apartheid. what apartheid are they talking about?'"
As damaging as the lies against Israel is the fact that the BDS propaganda significantly downplays the suffering of those who went through real apartheid.
Meshoe noted that in South Africa, Nelson Mandela and his followers had to fight for basic rights, like the right to vote, go to school, move about freely and receive health care. If Israel were truly an apartheid state, then the battle that Mandela fought is already won, as Arab residents of the Jewish state already enjoy all these freedoms and benefits.
Addressing fellow Christians who would make the mistake of supporting the BDS lies against Israel, Meshoe had this to say:
"We need to speak up and tell the truth that Israel is not an apartheid state. We love the Jewish people, but more than that we love the truth. And the God that we serve is a God of love and truth. And in our Bible we are taught to be people of the truth."
Watch the full interview:
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Product Description
Magic Pendulum crafted from semi-precious Tree Agate. Each pendulum is unique, differing in shape and colour
The picture we show is a group from our current stock - You will receive one pendulum but it may not be one of the ones in the picture, however it will be just as beautiful!
If you want to have one like a particular one in the picture then let us know which one and we will look through our stock for you!
Stone sizes can vary 3cm - 4cm long approx
Chain 170mm approx
These crystal pendulums are unique, different cuts, different stones... different energy. Fitted with a silver chain & gemstone bead at the top end they really do have something quite magical about them.
High quality gemstone pendulums in a variety of stones. Each one is attached to a chain approx 170mm long, the chain has a gemstone bead at the end. Ideal for dowsing and divining
Dowsing or radioesthesia is believed to date back over six thousand years. The Egyptians and ancient Chinese were early practitioners. Crystal dowsing can be performed in many ways and it is claimed for all sorts of purposes, such as finding water, minerals, missing people and even lost objects.
It is also used in healing, reiki and divination.


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Seriously, they have to die… FIRST!
I've said it before, I'll say it again…
Magma Totems Must Die!
That is assuming they are at a flag in a capture the node game such as Arathi Basin or Battle for Gilneas.
They are close to the best node defense item in the game.
They cost nothing.
They have no cooldown.
They flush out stealthies and interrupt a cap every two seconds.
They frustrate the living crap out of this Ninja Mage!
Of course, if you are a Shaman that is defending MAKE SURE YOU ALWAYS HAVE ONE DOWN!
Spirit Link Totems Must Die!
Second on the list of totems that must die is the Spirit Link Totem.
When a Shaman drops this, you know the crap has hit the fan in their eyes. More often than not, it's their last dying grasp, they are dropping this because they can't get a heal off, they are about to hit the dust and they will vampire drain their buddies to enable them to keep on healing.
Damn good chance they are going to follow this up with some big heals to top everyone back up too… get ready to interrupt them!
Shaman are terrifying healers at the best of times, you really don't want to be giving them second chances.
From memory they can drop this pretty much any time and will often drop it when they are getting stun-locked down – if they can't heal, they will let their totem quickly even out health pools, giving them and their buddies a second chance.
Of course, if you are a Shaman, don't forget this get out of death free card!
Mana Tide Totems Must Die!
When this gets dropped someone is in serious need of mana, most likely the Resto Shaman himself. It means it's bee a drawn out battle and they are trying to draw it out a little longer.
Possibly they care about other casters… but more likely than not, the one that has been frustrating you by keeping everyone alive, want to keep people alive a little longer…
… deprive them of their oxygen… errr mana
Actually, now that you have deprived them of their mana, go ahead and deprive them of their oxygen!
Of course if you are a shaman, remember that you aren't the only one getting drained of mana, in fact there could well be priests or hunters doing just that, if not to you, then to your buddies… so help them out and give them a mana boost… AoE mana boost!
Whatever you do, kill that bloody Magma Totem first!
Gnomer and Out!
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.


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Managing Director & Senior Partner
Customers are rapidly shifting how they learn about and buy products and offerings. At the same time, the tools, data, and analytics that direct sales activity are becoming dramatically more sophisticated. It's time to transform the go-to-market approach by taking these factors into consideration.
Business leaders understand the importance of effective selling, but they are faced with a rapidly changing environment around how customers engage and buy, as well as new competitors who are going to market in different ways. This is due to four major trends that are affecting how sales forces work.
Data-Driven Selling. A digitally savvy marketplace requires advanced marketing analytics, process reengineering, mobile strategies, and deeper analytics.
Digitization. Customers are accessing more information online and, in several cases, interacting with, trialing, or even purchasing the product without ever interacting with a seller. Further, a sales force equipped with the right information and anytime, anywhere connectivity can be more responsive and make faster decisions than one that relies on fixed communications.
International Business. Expansion into emerging markets requires local strategies and an investment in local talent and resources.
Rebalancing Go-to-Market. Some industry leaders are moving away from expensive field-sales models toward digital and inside sales.
It's time to transform the sales force by merging these new trends with the still powerful, traditional sales force levers of customer targeting, time on task, and messaging.. Focused frontline transformation efforts can:
There are many untapped opportunities to increase sales efficiency and effectiveness. Solving key strategic, operational, and organizational sales issues can help businesses thrive in challenging environments.
Companies spend a significant share of revenues on sales. Improving sales effectiveness can directly translate into additional revenues. It can also free up resources that can be used to create value elsewhere in the business.
The sales function is strongly linked with other company functions, such as marketing and services. True sales transformation requires behavioral changes among managers and staff in these areas. Reducing complexity across the organization can lead significant growth.


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Ohio District 11
Marcia Fudge
Tell Marcia Fudge: Thank you for voting for impeachment!
Your representative did the right thing — and it's important that they know they have your support. Messages from constituents like you can make a huge impact. Will you thank them for doing their constitutional duty?
Stay Connected
With your help, we'll hold senators who voted to acquit President Trump accountable — and keep demanding investigations into the president's crimes. Sign up to receive timely updates and action alerts from us.


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WaterSense partners helped save 9.3 billion gal of water in 2008
More than 1,000 WaterSense partners helped Americans save 9.3 billion gal of water in 2008. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) named five of them as the 2009 WaterSense Partners of the Year.
"Our partners have demonstrated how collaboration and commitment to water efficiency can result in major savings for Americans," said Peter S. Silva, assistant administrator for EPA's Office of Water.
"By working together to promote WaterSense-labeled products and other water-efficient behaviors, they are helping Americans save tremendously on water, energy and money on their utility bills."
The following utilities, manufacturer, retailer and individual were recognized for their extraordinary efforts promoting WaterSense in 2008:
• Promotional Partners of the Year: Cobb County Water System, Marietta, Ga. (large utility);
• James City Service Authority, Williamsburg, Va. (small utility);
• Manufacturer Partner of the Year: Kohler Co., Kohler, Wis.;
• Retailer Partner of the Year: Lowe's Companies, Inc., Mooresville, N.C.; and
• Irrigation Partner of the Year: Brian Vinchesi, Pepperell, Mass.
Following are just a few ways these partners have worked to save water for future generations:
• Cobb County Water System worked with Kohler, Lowe's and other WaterSense partners to promote the state of Georgia's first sales tax holiday on WaterSense labeled products.
• Kohler earned the WaterSense label on 40% of its faucets and 25% of its toilets. They used mobile restrooms to showcase these products at events nationwide.
• Lowe's, one of the largest home improvement retailers in North America, trained more than 200,000 employees to promote WaterSense to customers at 1,650 stores and has demonstrated that increasing the percentage of WaterSense labeled products they sell is a top priority.
• James City Service Authority helped consumers in coastal Virginia save water and money through collaboration with local citizen coalitions to encourage local plumbers and retailers to provide discounts on the sale and installation of WaterSense-labeled toilets in addition to offering rebates on WaterSense-labeled products.
• Certified irrigation professional Brian Vinchesi champions water-efficient landscapes as a WaterSense irrigation partner and president of Irrigation Consulting, Inc.
More information on WaterSense Partner of the Year award winners: www.epa.gov/watersense.


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Visiting Spain? Whilst you are there why not consider a mini-adventure and visit the exotic North African destination of Morocco? Spanish Nature offers 3 day away breaks to Morocco with a minimum of 2 people and a maximum of only 4 persons needed in order for any of these trips to proceed! To make these tours even more attractive you can decide on your own tour dates and we do the rest.
Special CommentIt goes without saying that all our accommodation is of the usual very high standard as all Worldwide Birding Tours. This tour is relaxed and recommended if comfort and easy pace is required.
With your very own driver and guide this tour offers you the opportunity to see some of the most sought after bird species in Morocco. You will also be able to experience the culture and famous cuisine of this beautiful African country. The tour has been designed for those wishing to visit Africa and to do so in such a way as to provide a relaxed and comfortable experience.
Local Guide: Khalill
We strongly believe in employing local guides. Not only as part of our Responsable Tourism philosophy but it has been proven that local guides are extremely important by conservation of nature and wildlife
Reserving your place is both easy and inexpensive. A deposit of € 250 is all we require!


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Syria / Politics /
Bashar al-Assad
Arabic: bashar 'al-'assad
Assad is a politician who got in power much against his own will. Initially he was not thought of as his father, Hafez al-Assad's successor. This was a role originally filled by his brother Basil who died in an accident in 1994. Then Bashar was called back to Syria, and was gradually trained to become a politician.
Some reports describe him as not as strong and autocratic as his father (and his late brother). Friends have averred that he is a meek and awkward figure, while others say that he is a nice and friendly person and very polite. He is also reported to be a good listener.
Some say that he is pragmatic and open for the modern society's possibilities. He has also been very successful at making changes in the ranks in Syrian institutions, central in bringing computer technology and Internet access to Syria, as well as facilitating the introduction of mobile telephones.
Bashar has struggled with inherited unresolved international political questions (water quarrels with Turkey, which controls the main sources of river water that streams through Syria; Lebanon, which has difficult relations to what still must be considered Syrian influence; Israel, which continues to occupy the Golan Heights; and a long-lasting animosity with the king of Jordan). New problems have occurred in his presidency, like the war in Iraq and change of leadership, Syria being accused of facilitating militant groups active in Iraq and a loss of Syria's strong control over Lebanon.
Internally, Syria is just as much divided into groups as before. There is the large Sunni majority in the country, there are all the people who are never touched by the nepotism of Hafez al-Assaf's Syria, there are the Islamists, and then there are all of Bashar's own enemies. Bashar has been quite effective in removing old officers from the ranks in the Syrian army.
Still it is a fact that Bashar must not destroy the basis for his power, which are his father's closest allies and the Alawite society. This is probably the major impediment to a democratization of Syrian politics and economics.
Prior to becoming president, Bashar made himself well-known for some campaigns, like dealing with the introduction of different consumer technologies. The most respect, however, he earned from his anti-corruption campaign, which resulted in the fall of several leading personalities in the Syrian society, like former prime minister Mahmoud Zoubi. He has also declared that he will lift restrictions that have hindered Syrian media from employing the slightest form of critical journalism.
He also acted as the personal representative for his father, when meeting with Jacques Chirac of France and Emile Lahoud of Lebanon.


text: Nope, we're not gonna talk about the 2nd Amendment, just the amazing machines themselves. So, please, share your favorites, the ones on your wishlist, the big turds you wished you'd never fired. My current, "Damn, I WANT this gun!" LIST: Taurus 24/7 OSS Tactical in .45 ACP Marlin Lever Action .410 Shotgun Marlin XL7 (haven't decided which caliber, yet) I'm sure something else will catch my eye...And yes, I am a serious Marlin fan. My trusty 1964 Marlin 336RC looks pretty much like this, 'cept with a decent scope added and a sling: For now, this is my "new to me" favorite pocket shooter: FEG MBP in .32 ACP


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Like synthetic anabolic steroids, it increases levels of testosterone in the body. However, unlike these steroids, it used to be sold as a supplement.
And here's another interesting fact:
Just like steroids, it's also banned by the majority of athletic organizations.
This includes the National Football League (NFL), The International Olympic Committee (IOC), and the National Gym Association (NGA).
But wait, it was a supplement, so it shouldn't be banned, right?
Well, first off, it was considered a supplement.
Second, androstenedione is a unique case, and one that you should educate yourself on prior to use.
Since it's no longer considered "a supplement", the next best alternative option is going for natural supplements out there that are completely safe and legal – like those made by CrazyBulk. Buy legal steroids online here.
Table of Contents
The reason that the androstenedione supplement became a focus of the aforementioned organizations is due to some athletes breaking records while using it.
So, if its natural, where is androstenedione produced?
The natural form is created by the testicles, ovaries, and adrenal glands.
Typically, it is converted into testosterone shortly after its release into the blood, although sometimes it is converted into estrogen.
In addition, it is also found in meat and some plants.
However, in supplement form its source can typically be traced to research laboratories.
Despite its synthetic nature in supplement form, its designation was initially argued and considered by some to simply be steroid-like.
This mostly stemmed from a lack of research on its effectiveness, which prevented it from being classified as an anabolic steroid by the Anabolic Steroids Act of 1990.
Now, it is classified as one by the Anabolic Steroids Act of 2004.
Although you used to be able to buy androstenedione legally over the counter, that all changed in March 2004 when it was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Now that it's been thrown into the category of illegality, you won't be finding androstenedione at GNC or Amazon.
In fact, even purchasing it online is difficult.
Type it into a search engine and you'll notice that it doesn't pop up too often, and when it does the sites look shady at best.
Here's what we suggest:
Avoid this product and look into legal, natural alternatives.
Even if you find an online source for it, there's no guarantee that you'll be getting the product that is advertised.
Despite the many hurdles to getting this supplement, many still find a way to purchase the androstenedione "steroid".
And it the reason is this:
It does have some benefits.
Using dosages of up to 100 mg per day, it can increase testosterone levels by up to 237%.
This is a pretty big number, so naturally you can see why bodybuilders have made use of this supplement in their stacks. With high testosterone and a good workout regimen, you can increase your lean muscle mass and strength.
Other beneficial effects include the following:
These benefits are the reason that this hormone is sometimes used in medicinal formulations.
It's also known to be more effective when combined with other supplements such as chrysin, tribulus terrestris, and zinc.
But it's not all positive—it also leads to adverse effects on your body just like other more common synthetic anabolic steroids.
So what are the numerous side effects of Androstenedione?
They include the following:
While you might have a hard time finding this steroid hormone online, you can find plenty of natural supplements through another source:
This company produces natural and safe alternatives to steroids, and is one of the leading companies with over 1 million bottles sold to date.
Take a look at CrazyBulk's Testo-Max as a perfect example:
Using ingredients like tribulus terrestris extract and fenugreek extract, this formulation works to increase testosterone levels completely naturally.
Additional ingredients include:
While dosing is in the form of capsules just like androstenedione, it's narrowed down to much more of a science:
Three capsules per day with water around 20 minutes prior to breakfast. This regimen is recommended for 2 months long, with a 1.5-week break in between.
Ultimately, it's like this:
If you're looking for a powerful supplement that can be purchased legally with no worries of side effects, prescriptions, or injections, CrazyBulk will have a solution for you.
Another perk is that CrazyBulk claims you can see results within 30 days—a promise backed by many customer experiences you see when you read the reviews.
"After completing the four week cycle I was blown away by seeing myself in the mirror," said one customer that used Testo-Max.
"Lifts went up by 50 percent, phenomenal strength and stamina … I ditched my pre- and post-workouts (excluding protein) in the third and fourth weeks as these products did their job."
This should be enough to give you confidence that these products are the real deal and enough on their own to give you quality natural results.
At the end of the day, when it comes to androstenedione, it's a bit of a lost cause:
It's not available as a supplement anymore, and even purchasing it online is difficult.
If you're looking for a quality bodybuilding supplement to bolster your bodybuilding routine, there are more reliable and effective options, as we covered above.
Do yourself a favor and invest in products like CrazyBulk—you'll be more than happy with the results down the road.Tetrahydrogestrinone THG SteroidMethyltrienoloneMetribolone Methyl TrenBolasteroneAndrostenedioneGestrinoneHCG SteroidNorbolethoneDnp SteroidEsiclene FormeboloneDihydroboldenoneNorclostebol Acetate Anabol 4 19MiboleroneStenbolone AnatrofinCheque DropsDanazol SteroidFluoxymesterone


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I have addressed carried interest thoroughly in another thread.
My anger is not displaced. It is appropropriate. The issues with Buffet or others are not mine. Unlike yourself, I am not interested in taking from Buffet for the greater good of mankind - I tend to my own back yard (and it's looking damn good after cutting the grass today). I am interested in preserving whatever wealth we've created for those that we have brought into the world, and affording ourselves a decent life style. It's that simple. I cannot do that with varied governments picking my pocket well in excess of $35,000. Remember, I live in a 1200 square foot ranch with 2 kids. It is not luxury, nor is it clean at the moment.
As for corporations, you must realize that commerce is the driving force of taxes. Increased commerce increases "our" tax base (and I use "our" extremely loosely"). The flurishing of corporations is essential for commerce. I would agree that the corporate tax code is indeed broken as I have cited in my posts about GE and their tax avoidence - especially considering Immelt is a democrat. The cost of doing business in America is an important variable. It should not be overlooked.


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Hugin Stitcher tab
The rest of hugin is all about setting up the project and aligning images, the Stitcher tab is where the final output file is created.
Here you can set the output Projection of your project, there are lots to choose from, each with different advantages and disadvantages:
- Rectilinear, this is the same projection as a photo taken with a 'normal' camera and lens. Use this if you are just stitching a handful of photographs together with a narrow Field of View or correcting perspective in a single shot.
- Panorama, actually a simple Cylindrical Projection as used by traditional rotating panoramic cameras. A good projection for printing a 360 degree panorama, though you may prefer Mercator Projection.
- Equirectangular, the all purpose format for representing an entire spherical scene. It covers 360 degrees horizontally as well as the zenith and nadir.
- Fisheye, the same projection as a photo taken with a fisheye lens. Better for representing a wide Field of View than rectilinear, but in many cases Stereographic Projection gives less distortion than simple fisheye.
- Stereographic, a conformal fisheye image. Objects in a stereographic image keep the same shape and show less distortion than simple fisheye.
- Mercator, a conformal cylindrical image. A good projection for printing a 360 degree panorama.
- Trans Mercator, a mercator image rotated 90 degrees, suitable for displaying tall or overhead objects.
- Sinusoidal, an equal area projection of an entire spherical scene.
- Lambert Equal Area Conical
- Lambert Equal Area Azimuthal
- Albers Equal Area Conic
- Miller Cylindrical
Field of View
This is the horizontal and vertical angle of view of the output image, clicking Calculate Field of View will shrink or enlarge the field of view of the output to fit the arrangement of the input images - The Fit button in the Hugin Preview window does the same thing.
Note that some Projections have a limited field of view, notably:
- Rectilinear has to be less than 180 degrees both vertically and horizontally.
- Panoramic (cylindrical) has to be less than 180 degrees vertically.
- Stereographic has to be less than 360 degrees both vertically and horizontally.
- Mercator has to be less than 180 degrees vertically.
- Transverse Mercator has to be less than 180 degrees horizontally.
Quick Stitcher
Most of the rest of the stitcher settings can be left to hugin, typical sets of options can be set with one of these Quick Stitcher options:
- with custom settings below, allows you to tweak all the stitching settings manually.
- into a high quality TIFF file, best all purpose stitching with optimised nona parameters and blended with enblend.
- into a high-quality JPEG file, TODO (what does this do?)
- into a draft-quality JPEG file, TODO (what does this do?)
- into a layered TIFF file, creates a single TIFF file with each input image on a separate layer, see Multi-Layer TIFF editing with the Gimp.
- into a layered photoshop file, creates a PSD file for editing in Photoshop with each input image on a separate layer, requires PTStitcher.
Panorama Image Size
Set the width and height of your output panorama in pixels. Calculate Optimal Size will estimate a size that has about the same resolution as your input images.
Some examples: a three megapixel image has pixel dimensions of 2048 x 1536, an A4 print at 300 pixels per inch will have a pixel size of 3500 x 2480, a full screen spherical Equirectangular Projection image will have pixel dimensions of 6000 x 3000 or greater and a gigapixel image has a pixel size of 32768 x 32768.
Note that the interpolation used by hugin doesn't handle downsampling very well, so output images smaller than about half the size of the Optimal Size will show aliasing artefacts. If you want to create high quality small images, it is better to create an Optimal Size image in hugin and downsize it later in an image editor such as the Gimp.
nona Stitching Engine
nona is the default stitching engine supplied with hugin, normally there is no need to change this or any of the options below.
Stitching Options
Set the Interpolator (i) to change the sampling interpolation. You probably won't notice much difference between the various options except that Nearest Neighbour is fast but with very low quality. The default of Poly3 (bicubic) is generally good for most purposes.
The Gamma (g) sets the assumed gamma correction of the input images, this value is used when interpolating, though the effect isn't usually obvious. Most photos from digital cameras have a gamma somewhere between 2.0 and 2.5.
Output File options
The output image can be in one several formats:
- JPG, lossy compression suitable for web/email. Blending with enblend not is available, so seams may be obvious.
- PNG, lossless compression. Blending also not available.
- TIFF, various compression options. 16bit and high dynamic range formats are supported. Blending is available via enblend (by creating temporary Multiple TIFF files and blending them into a single TIFF).
- Multiple TIFF, same as TIFF except with one output file for each input photo. This format is suitable for command-line blending in enblend
- Multilayer TIFF, same as Multiple TIFF except a single multilayer file is created. This can be opened in the gimp for manual blending.
- HDR, Radiance RGBE format. This is a high dynamic range format which is more compact than a high dynamic range TIFF.
Cropped TIFF files are smaller and more efficient because unused parts of the image are not stored in the file. You should always Save cropped images unless you need to open them in an image editor without Cropped TIFF support.
If Soft Blending is enabled then enblend is used for blending. In the final stitching process nona reprojects and distorts images to fit, enblend takes these images as individual TIFF files and merges them using sophisticated seam positioning and blending into a single finished TIFF file. Further enblend settings can be found in the hugin Preferences.
PTStitcher Stitching Engine
PTStitcher is the original stitching engine supplied with Panorama Tools, but now largely superceded by nona - Though you may want to use it for functionality that isn't available in nona such as morph to fit.
To use PTStitcher you need to find one of the original win32 or linux i386 binaries on one of the mirrors of Helmut Dersch's site; then place it in your $PATH, or specify the location in the hugin Preferences.
Stitching Options
PTStitcher has the same options as nona plus:
exposure correction will adjust the brightness and colour of overlapping photos to reduce the effect of variations in lighting (such as those caused by a cloud moving in front of the sun). Don't use PTStitcher for this as hugin now provides much improved photometric correction in the hugin Exposure tab.
fast transform (f) speeds up computationally intensive projection calculations by interpolating positions rather than calculating them all. This results in a small, but usually unnoticeable, quality reduction. This is most effective when remapping single images where the ouput frame is filled, panoramas with lots of empty space or many input photos may be faster with the nona option to Save cropped images, which generates Cropped TIFF output.
feather width performs simplistic feathering of seams between input photos, use nona and the Soft blending with enblend option for much better (and slower) results.
Output File options


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The XBee USB Board has been designed to allow an easy and reliable connection between XBee modules and a PC. XBee and XBeePRO modules are fully supported. Even the new XBee Series 2 is supported (but not tested yet). The rock-solid construction, the soft start circuitry and the high power voltage regulator ensure the maximum reliability and full performances of the XBee module.
Note: The picture to the right shows this board with an XBee module installed, but one is not included.
Four useful LEDs allow constant monitoring of the board activity and fast troubleshooting. A Features Connector provides the most important connections with the XBee module and the USB chip, adding great flexibility to this board. The board also features a USB Mini B connector.
Note: 7mm maximum height without XBee module.
Download XBee USB Board datasheet


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Logitech Ultrathin Keyboard Cover
Designed to complement the new iPad and iPad2, this screen cover comes with a built-in Bluetooth wireless keyboard and stand. Providing up to six months of battery life on a full charge, it includes a magnetic clip so your iPad attaches securely.
Tags: logitech, ipad accessories
Product Specification
No Specifications available for this product!
0 user review(s)
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text:
One of the most expensive homes to hit the market in the United States is now on sale—in Connecticut.
The $190 million Greenwich estate includes two islands in the Long Island Sound, nearly a mile of shore front property, and a rich history dating back to the late 19th Century.
The 12-bedroom home was built in 1898 and purchased just after the turn of the century by the daughter of George Lauder, a partner in Carnegie Steel. It was then purchased in the early 1980s by timber tycoon John Rudey, who has decided to sell the property, the Wall Street Journal reported.
U.S. & World
An 1,800-foot driveway with cobblestone gutters leads up to the so-called Copper Beech Farm, which boasts a pool, a spa, a grass tennis court, a greenhouse, a stone carriage house and cottage on more than 50 acres of land.
Inside, the home has all the marks of old world luxury: a library with a fireplace, balconies, a staff wing, staff kitchen, dumb waiter, wine cellar, skylights and marble bathrooms.
It's unclear whether the home will actually sell for its asking price. The Journal points out that in 2009 Candy Spelling made headlines when she listed her Los Angeles mansion at $150 million—the home sold for $85 million.
The property is by far the most expensive currently listed on the site of David Ogilvy & Associates, an affiliate of Christie's International Real Estate. The next priciest available is another Greenwich estate selling for just $32 million.
Christie's shows several properties hovering around the $100 million-mark, but none that touch the Copper Beech Farm's $190 price tag. A Beverly Hills home that appeared in "The Godfather" and "The Bodyguard" is on sale for $115 million, as is a $95 million Fifth Avenue residence overlooking Central Park.


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Search the Community: Showing results for tags 'org.chameleon.Boot'.
Found 1 result
Chameleon Wizard - Utility for Chameleon.
janek202 posted a topic in ChameleonHi all. I made a new utility for Chameleon. It helps to install, update and download latests revs of this bootloader. Features: Installing Chameleon with boot0, boot0hfs and boot0md install methods. Updating Chameleon only by replacing boot file. Downloading latests revs from server. EFI Partitions are supported! org.chameleon.Boot.plist editor. SMBios.plist editor. Modules manager. Themes downloader. bdmesg diagnostic messages reader. DSDT: Compiling, Deassembling, Patching and Extracting. Works on Snow Leopard, Lion, Mountain Lion and Mavericks. Universal binary: x86_64 and i386. Download link: http://wizards.osxlatitude.com/chameleon/download.html Please report me any bugs or ideas for new features. I would never make this application without support and ideas by osx86.org.pl team. Thank you, guys! Thanks a lot to the whole Chameleon team for the awesome work. Thanks to q64ceo for allowing me to host my applications. If you want me to add your theme into the Chameleon Wizard's theme downloader, just write me an email with zip package, thumbnail, description, and your nick to janek202.osx86 (a) gmail [dot] com Translations: Chinese with both TW+CN by crazybirdy German by !Xabbu Italian by iFabio Indonesian by Wayang-NT Korean by MacGuyber English by janek202 Polish by janek202 French by fantomas1 Portuguese Brazilian by slipttees Portuguese Portugal by artur_pt Russian by Awesome Spanish by juanerson Swedish by Greggen Thanks to all, who translated this application. All outdated translations removed. You can find them here: http://dl.dropbox.co...ranslations.zip If you want to translate, here's required files: http://dl.dropbox.co...er/en.lproj.zip THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY janek202 AND All-Seeing Interactive ''AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL janek202 OR All-Seeing Interactive BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.


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Greensboro Library, NCHome Menu
Canasta for Lit Lovers
- Date: 05/23/2018 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM
- Location: Glenn McNairy Branch Library
4860 Lake Jeanette Rd.
Greensboro, North Carolina 27455
- CostFree
Return to previous page >>
Do you canasta? Canasta is the vintage card game played in teams. Join us for great fun and conversation. All skill levels are welcome. Call 336-373-2015 to register.


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The beginning of each document can specify the name of the DTD to which the document conforms. This DOCTYPE declaration is used by XML parsers to identify the DTD and ensure that the document does conform to it.
A typical declaration for a document written to conform with version 1.0 of the XHTML DTD looks like this:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
That line contains a number of different components.
The indicator shows this is an XML declaration.
Shows that this is an XML declaration of the document type.
Names the first element that will appear in the document.
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
Lists the Formal Public Identifier (FPI) for the DTD to which this document conforms. The XML parser uses this to find the correct DTD when processing this document.
PUBLIC is not a part of the
FPI, but indicates to the
XML processor how to find the
DTD referenced in the
FPI. Other ways of telling the
XML parser how to find the
DTD are shown later.
A local filename or a URL to find the DTD.
Ends the declaration and returns to the document.
It is not necessary to know this, but it is useful background, and might help debug problems when the XML processor can not locate the DTD.
FPIs must follow a specific syntax:
The owner of the FPI.
The beginning of the string identifies the owner of
the FPI. For example, the
"ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Greek
Symbols//EN" lists
ISO 8879:1986 as being the owner for
the set of entities for Greek symbols.
ISO 8879:1986 is the International
Organization for Standardization
(ISO) number for the
SGML standard, the predecessor (and a
superset) of XML.
Otherwise, this string will either look like
(notice the only difference is the leading
+ or
If the string starts with
- then
the owner information is unregistered, with a
+ identifying it as
ISO 9070:1991 defines how registered names are generated. It might be derived from the number of an ISO publication, an ISBN code, or an organization code assigned according to ISO 6523. Additionally, a registration authority could be created in order to assign registered names. The ISO council delegated this to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
Because the FreeBSD Project has not been registered,
the owner string is
-//FreeBSD. As seen
in the example, the W3C are not a
registered owner either.
There are several keywords that indicate the type of
information in the file. Some of the most common
keywords are
DTD is
used only for DTD files,
ELEMENT is usually used for
DTD fragments that contain only
entity or element declarations.
is used for XML content (text and
Any description can be given for the contents of this file. This may include version numbers or any short text that is meaningful and unique for the XML system.
An ISO two-character code that
identifies the native language for the file.
EN is used for English.
With the syntax above, an XML
processor needs to have some way of turning the
FPI into the name of the file containing
the DTD. A catalog file (typically
catalog) contains lines that map
FPIs to filenames. For example, if the
catalog file contained the line:
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "1.0/transitional.dtd"
The XML processor knows that the
DTD is called
transitional.dtd in the
1.0 subdirectory of the directory that
Examine the contents of
This is the catalog file for the XHTML
DTDs that were installed as part of the
textproc/docproj port.
Instead of using an FPI to indicate the DTD to which the document conforms (and therefore, which file on the system contains the DTD), the filename can be explicitly specified.
The syntax is slightly different:
<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "/path/to/file.dtd">
SYSTEM keyword indicates that the
XML processor should locate the
DTD in a system specific fashion. This
typically (but not always) means the DTD
will be provided as a filename.
Using FPIs is preferred for reasons of
portability. If the
SYSTEM identifier is
used, then the DTD must be provided and
kept in the same location for everyone.
本文及其他文件,可由此下載: ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/。
若有 FreeBSD 方面疑問,請先閱讀
FreeBSD 相關文件,如不能解決的話,再洽詢
關於本文件的問題,請洽詢 <email@example.com>。


text:
Check out the latest RPG news | Podcasts | Twitch Streams
I pulled the trigger on ordering this from PSN and have the "preorder bonus" DuckTales theme on my PS3 menu page. And I'm STILL flabbergasted that Alan Young (OG Scrooge) and June Foray (OG Majica) are voicing this. I mean, they're both, what, 95 or something? Wow, I'd be the luckiest duck alive if I'm 95 and still working, let alone just functioning if I'm not already dead. I think the guy who voiced Glomgold died in '94 so he's being voiced by an in-house Disney guy for this one. As for playability/balancing/etc. I'm just glad it's been retooled such that you don't have to go through the Transylvania level three times.
You did have to do the level multiple times in its entirety, though. Once to fight Magica and once to fight Dracula Duck. Transylvania itself was a cool enough level, but being thrust in it multiple times was like too much of a good thing.
Definitely a good nostalgia trip for people our age who grew up playing this on the NES and it makes me think "Damn, how the hell did I beat this game as a kid? This is brutal!"