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John Lewis
Love in Action
We take in the extraordinary wisdom of Congressman John Lewis on what happened in Selma on Bloody Sunday and beyond — and how it might inform common life today. A rare look inside the civil rights leaders' spiritual confrontation with themselves — and their intricate art of "love in action."
John Lewis is a member of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia's 5th District. He is the author of Walking With the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement, Across That Bridge: Life Lessons and a Vision for Change, and March, a three-part graphic novel series.
January 26, 2017
Congressman John Lewis: The movement created what I like to call a nonviolent revolution. It was love at its best. It's one of the highest forms of love. That you beat me, you arrest me, you take me to jail, you almost kill me, but in spite of that, I'm gonna still love you.
[music: "Precious Lord/Oh Freedom" by Betty Mae Fikes and the Congressional Delegation]
Krista Tippett, host: John Lewis is a United States congressman, and he was a core leader — one of the "big six" — of the Civil Rights Movement. He led the first Selma march on what became known as Bloody Sunday. I had the honor to be part of a congressional civil rights pilgrimage led by this man and attended by 30 members of the House and Senate from both parties. We stood on holy ground of the movement in Tuscaloosa, Birmingham, Montgomery, Selma. It was a journey into history I thought I knew, but didn't really — into the Civil Rights leaders' spiritual confrontation within themselves — and into their intricate art and work of successful nonviolence.
This is Betty Mae Fikes, leading song on the pilgrimage a half century after she was a teenaged Freedom Singer of the Civil Rights Movement.
[music: "Precious Lord/Oh Freedom" by Betty Mae Fikes and the Congressional Delegation]
Ms. Tippett: I'm Krista Tippett. This is On Being.
[music: "Precious Lord/Oh Freedom" by Betty Mae Fikes and the Congressional Delegation]
Ms. Tippett: I sat with Congressman John Lewis in Montgomery, Alabama.
Ms. Tippett: I'd like to start by talking about faith, which is a bedrock of your life. It's one of the bedrocks that you name prominently in your most recent book. And I'd like to just hear a little bit about how you would describe the foundation of faith, the spiritual background of your childhood.
Rep. Lewis: I grew up in rural Alabama about 50 miles from Montgomery outside of a little place called Troy. My father was a sharecropper, a tenant farmer. But back in 1944, when I was 4 years old — and I do remember when I was 4 — my father had saved 300 dollars, and with the 300 dollars, he bought 110 acres of land.
We grew up very, very poor — six brothers, three sisters, wonderful mother, wonderful father, wonderful grandparents. But growing up as a child, I saw segregation and racial discrimination, and I didn't like it. And I would ask my mother and my father, my grandparents, my great-grandparents, why. They would say, "That's the way it is. Don't get in the way. Don't get in trouble."
But attending church and Sunday school, reading the Bible, the teaching of the Great Teacher, and being deeply influenced by what I saw all around me — it was this belief that somehow and some way things were going to get better, that you had to have this sense of hope, a sense of optimism, and have faith. And people would say to me, my mother would say over and over again, "Work hard."
And sometime working in the field, I would say to my mother, "This is hard work, and this work is about to kill me." And she would say, "Boy, hard work never killed anybody." So I worked very, very hard as a child. But one day, in 1955, at the age of 15, I heard of Rosa Parks. I heard the words of Martin Luther King Jr. on the old radio, and he was talking and preaching about nonviolence, about peace, about reconciliation, about the capacity, the ability to change things, and…
Ms. Tippett: And he was a preacher.
Rep. Lewis: He was a preacher, and I wanted to be a preacher as a young child. And I had this sense that, if I believed, if I had faith in my own capacity and ability to get things done, I too could change things. So I just never gave up and never gave in; I just tried to hold on. So when I went away at the age of 17…
Ms. Tippett: Wait. I want to stay with 14 and 15 just for a minute because I've read both of your books these last few days. I actually have a 14-year-old son who's here with me on this pilgrimage, and it was so striking to read about you being 14 in 1954 and reading about Brown vs. Board of Education. And also, as I read it, being filled with hope and excitement at that news and also not seeing anything change immediately in the world of Alabama.
And really, those years of — you were 14 and heading into 15 — as you say, in 1955 you heard Martin Luther King's voice for the first time, the bus boycott, and also things like another 14-year-old boy, Emmett Till, who was killed in Mississippi. So talk a little bit about how that period in your life, which in any life is a tumultuous moment, what started to happen to you then?
Rep. Lewis: During that period, I raised a lot of questions, and I asked a lot of questions of my mother, my father, other ministers around. They accused me of being nosy, and I thought of myself as just wanting to know. I was inquisitive.
When I heard about the Supreme Court decision in 1954, I thought the next school year that I would go to a better school. At least it would be a desegregated school. I wouldn't have to ride a broken-down bus, and I would be able to get new books. But it never happened for me. It never happened. But I didn't give up. I didn't become bitter or hostile. I kept the faith. And I remembered hearing about what happened to Emmett Till, and I thought, if something like this can happen to a young man, young boy…
Ms. Tippett: This is a young man who was visiting relatives in Mississippi from Chicago, right?
Rep. Lewis: Yes, and it could happen to any of us. And I remember, even before then, in 1951, when I was 11 years old, I traveled one summer with an uncle and aunt and some of my first cousins from rural Alabama to Buffalo for a visit, for a trip. I had never been outside of the South. And being there gave me hope. And I saw how people lived there, the way they're living in Buffalo. Maybe somehow and some way, we can make the South, make a region. I wanted to believe, and I did believe, that things would get better. But later, I discovered, I guess, that you have to have this sense of faith that what you're moving toward is already done. It's already happened.
Ms. Tippett: Say some more about that.
Rep. Lewis: It's the power to believe that you can see, that you can visualize, that sense of community, that sense of family, that sense of one house.
Ms. Tippett: And live as if?
Rep. Lewis: And you live that you're already there, that you're already in that community, part of that sense of one family, one house. If you visualize it, if you can even have faith that it's there, for you, it is already there. And during the early days of the movement, I believed that the only true and real integration of that sense of the beloved community existed within the movement itself.
Because in the final analysis, we did become a circle of trust, a band of brothers and sisters. So it didn't matter whether we're black or white. It didn't matter whether you came from the North to the South, or whether you're a Northerner or Southerner. We were one.
Ms. Tippett: You had made that vision real.
Rep. Lewis: For the struggle, for those of us in the struggle. But we studied. We prepared ourselves.
Ms. Tippett: Well, this is something else I want to talk about: the study, the preparation, the discipline. I think the term "nonviolent resistance," in the 21st century, is a term everyone has heard, but reading about how you practiced that, how you learned it — I mean, there were small things like maintaining eye contact, wearing coats and ties and dresses, no slouching, no talking, being friendly and courteous. But there was also really serious role-playing.
You made a comment. We are meeting each other in the context of a pilgrimage, retracing many places in the Civil Rights Movement with members of Congress and others, which you've helped begin, which is an incredible thing.
Yesterday, in one of these meetings, you made a comment which was humorous and serious at once, I think, that it would be good for Congress to take up some of the kind of role-playing that you did in the 1950s, 1960s in the Civil Rights Movement. So would you tell us a little bit about that, what you all did to prepare possibly to be beaten, to be imprisoned, possibly to be killed?
Rep. Lewis: Well, long before any sit-in, any march, long before the freedom rides, or the march from Selma to Montgomery, any organized campaign that took place, we did study. I remember as a student in Nashville, Tennessee, a small group of students every Tuesday night at 6:30 p.m. would gather in a small Methodist church near Fisk University in downtown Nashville.
And we had a teacher by the name of Jim Lawson, a young man who taught us the philosophy and the discipline of nonviolence. We studied. We studied what Gandhi attempted to do in South Africa, what he accomplished in India. We studied Thoreau and civil disobedience. We studied the great religions of the world. And before we even discussed a possibility of a sit-in, we had role-playing. We had what we called "social drama."
And we would act out. There would be black and white young people, students, an interracial group, playing the roles of African Americans, or an interracial group playing the roles of white. And we went through the motion of someone harassing you, calling you out of your name, pulling you out of your seat, pulling your chair from under you, someone kicking you or pretending to spit on you. Sometimes we did pour cold water on someone — never hot — but we went through the motion.
This was drama because we wanted to feel like they were in the actual situation, that this could happen. And we would tell people, whether young men or young women, that if you've been beaten, try to protect the most sensitive part of your body. Roll up, cover your head, and look out for each other. So when the time came, we were ready. We were prepared.
Ms. Tippett: I also read somewhere that you were trained, even if someone was attacking you, to look them in the eye, that there was something disarming for human beings.
Rep. Lewis: We did go through the motion, the drama, of saying that if someone kick you, spit on you, pull you off the lunch counter stool, continue to make eye contact. Continue to give the impression, "Yes, you may beat me, but I'm human."
Be friendly, try to smile, and just stay nonviolent. And during the nonviolent campaign, in a city like Nashville and so many other parts of the American South, you never had one incident of someone striking back or hitting back. There were even people who would say, "I cannot go on the sit-ins. I cannot go on the freedom ride. I may not be disciplined enough." But we were trained. When we left to go on the freedom ride, we were prepared to die for what we believed in.
Ms. Tippett: In the way I come to understand this as I, again, study you is the point of all of this role-playing was not just about being practically prepared. I suspect that some neuroscientist now in the 21st century probably understands what happens in our brains somehow with what you knew about that moment of eye contact and human connection. But you also understood this to be a spiritual confrontation, first within yourselves, and then with the world outside. Is that right?
Rep. Lewis: You're so right. First of all, you have to grow. It's just not something that is natural. You have to be taught the way of peace, the way of love, the way of nonviolence. And in the religious sense, in the moral sense, you can say in the bosom of every human being, there is a spark of the divine. So you don't have a right as a human to abuse that spark of the divine in your fellow human being.
We, from time to time, would discuss if you see someone attacking you, beating you, spitting on you, you have to think of that person — years ago, that person was an innocent child, innocent little baby. And so what happened? Something go wrong? Did the environment? Did someone teach that person to hate, to abuse others? So you try to appeal to the goodness of every human being. And you don't give up. You never give up on anyone.
[music: "Care" by Keith Kenniff]
Ms. Tippett: I'm Krista Tippett, and this is On Being. Today, in Montgomery, Alabama, with Congressman and Civil Rights legend John Lewis. On March 7, 1965, John Lewis led a peaceful march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, and was one of the first to be beaten unconscious by police. That day became infamous as Bloody Sunday.
[music: "Care" by Keith Kenniff]
Ms. Tippett: So here's a line from your book Across That Bridge: "The Civil Rights Movement, above all, was a work of love. Yet even 50 years later, it is rare to find anyone who would use the word 'love' to describe what we did." What you just said to me illuminates that. I think part of the explanation of that is the way you are using the word "love" is very rich and multilayered and also challenging, challenging for the person who loves.
Rep. Lewis: Well, I think in our culture, I think sometimes people are afraid to say "I love you." But we're afraid to say, especially in public life, many elected officials or worldly elected officials, are afraid to talk about love. Maybe people tend to think something is so emotional about it. Maybe it's a sign of weakness. And we're not supposed to cry. We're supposed to be strong. But love is strong. Love is powerful.
The movement created what I like to call a nonviolent revolution. It was love at its best. It's one of the highest forms of love. That you beat me, you arrest me, you take me to jail, you almost kill me, but in spite of that, I'm going to still love you. I know Dr. King used to joke sometimes and say things like, "Just love the here outta everybody. Just love 'em."
Ms. Tippett: Love the here out of them. Yeah. [laughs]. Gandhi was such an important figure for you, for all of you, for Dr. King as well. I also think that may be a little bit lost in our collective memory. I think it's important to remember that, the very rich spiritual lineage that you were all drawing on and became part of. I was really struck by you. You often refer to one of Gandhi's important terms, satyagraha.
Again, in terms of breaking open this word "love" out of the kind of superficial ways we talk about it, or nonviolence in a superficial way, the definition of that that you give is "steadfastness in truth," "active pacifism," right? Revolutionary love is another way to think about that. Not just an external stance, but a fundamental shift inside our own souls. It's very powerful. It's not the way — certainly not the way I hear people talking about public life or political action now.
Rep. Lewis: I think all of us in life, not just in the Western world, but all over the world, we need to come to that point. We need to evolve to that plane, to that level where we're not ashamed to say to someone, "I love you. I'm sorry. Pardon me. Will you please forgive me? Excuse me." What is it? Have we lost something? Can we be just human and say, "I love you?" I think so many occasions we think of love as being romantic and all of that. But just love because it's good in itself, just love living creatures.
Now, when I was very young, you probably know that I fell in love with raising chickens, and I loved those chickens. I talked to those chickens. I preached to those chickens. And I used to cry when my mother or father wanted to kill one of those chickens for dinner. They became part of my life, and my first nonviolent protests were protesting against my parents for getting rid of some of those chickens.
Ms. Tippett: OK. [laughs] Let's talk a little bit about suffering, which is something that went right alongside that love in the movement, even with your chickens, and I think in the way you live now. You use the term "redemptive suffering" and that your mother, who was clearly a woman of incredible dignity and grace and courage, really internalized the idea of unearned suffering as a holy thing, that she would redeem that suffering.
You also wrote, "Suffering can be nothing more than a sad and sorry thing without the presence on the part of the sufferer of a graceful heart, an accepting, an open heart, a heart that holds no malice toward the inflictors of his or her suffering." I mean, I guess that brings us back to this idea of love.
But I want to ask you, before the triumphant Montgomery-Selma march that we've all seen, the beautiful pictures of King and Heschel and all those other people walking across the bridge, there was Bloody Sunday. And you were in the front rows of that, and you were the first person to be hit. That was an incredibly brutal act. Were you able, on that bridge, as you were knocked — as you were given a concussion, as other people were very badly injured, to really internalize that accepting an open heart? Do you know that that's possible?
Rep. Lewis: I was prepared to accept the violence, the beating. And I thought we were going to be arrested and simply taken to jail. I didn't have any idea that we would be beaten.
Ms. Tippett: And that you would be met by these masses of officers, horses…
Rep. Lewis: State troopers and horses and a posse of the sheriff, that we would be trampled by horses and tear-gassed and beaten all the way back to the church. I thought I was going to die. I thought I saw death. I thought it was my last nonviolent protest. But before, I guess, I lost consciousness, I became deeply concerned about the other people on the march. But in all of the years since, I've not had any sense of bitterness or ill feeling toward any of the people. I just don't have it. I guess it's not part of my DNA to become bitter, to become hostile.
Ms. Tippett: But you've also trained your DNA a bit more than the rest of us. [laughs]
Rep. Lewis: Well, maybe I tracked it. Yeah, I did control it. The teaching, the training, the reading, and coming in contact with great teachers — Martin Luther King Jr. had a tremendous influence on me, and the reading and the study of Gandhi. When I saw the film several years ago of Gandhi and saw the march to the sea, it reminded me of the march from Selma to Montgomery. That there comes a time where you have to be prepared to literally put your physical body in the way to go against something that is evil, unjust, and you prepare to suffer the consequences.
But whatever you do, whatever your response is, is with love, kindness, and that sense of faith. In my religious tradition is this belief that it's going to work out. It is going to work out. It's all going to be all right. And people will ask me from time to time, "What shall we do, John, during the sit-ins or during the freedom rides?" And I would say, "We need to find a way to dramatize the issue. We need to find a way to get in the way, but it should be in a peaceful, loving, nonviolent fashion." Hate is too heavy a burden to bear.
Ms. Tippett: And do you feel like, even in that moment, on that dark day on the Edmund Pettus Bridge, were you able to love those officers who came at you in this sense you're describing?
Rep. Lewis: I saw these officers as individuals carrying out an order. And since then, I've had an opportunity to meet some of their sons and daughters of some of the people. I had a discussion on one occasion with Governor Wallace about what happened on that Sunday.
Ms. Tippett: And Governor Wallace would have ordered them, or he would have been behind that.
Rep. Lewis: Well, he was the governor. He wanted the march stopped. He said he never gave them the order to beat us. He said to me, "John, there were people waiting on the other side of the bridge to kill you." And I said, "Governor, when we were stopped, it appeared to me there was an attempt to kill us before other people killed us." He said it was a struggle between the federal government and the state government and not against us.
But I never had any bitterness toward him or any of the officials. Even going back to the freedom rides when we arrived in Montgomery in 1961, there was a man named Floyd Mann. He was a public safety director of the Alabama State Troopers. He came, and stood, and put a gun up in the air, and said something like, "There will be no killing here today. There'll be no killing here today." And several years later, I saw Floyd Mann after I got elected to Congress at the dedication of the Civil Rights Memorial. And he asked me — he said, "Congressman Lewis, do you remember me?" And I said, "Mr. Mann, how could I forget you? You saved my life." He cried, and I cried.
[music: "Precious Lord" by Congregation at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church]
Ms. Tippett: This is the choir from the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church where Martin Luther King Jr. pastored and preached during the 381-day Montgomery bus boycott. And they led this congressional delegation with John Lewis in singing King's favorite hymn.
[music: "Precious Lord" by Congregation at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church]
Ms. Tippett: This conversation with John Lewis is part of On Being's Civil Conversations Project. It's a quiet project we tend at the heart of what we do, but many of you have been asking for more. You can go to CivilConversationsProject.org and find a collection of audio, video, and written resources for individual reflection and for starting new conversations where you live. Again, that's CivilConversationsProject.org. Let us know what you think and what else you'd like to see there.
I'm Krista Tippett. On Being continues in a moment.
[music: "I Am Healed" by Moses Tyson Jr.]
Ms. Tippett: I'm Krista Tippett, and this is On Being. Today, with Civil Rights legend Congressman John Lewis. I interviewed him in the midst of a civil rights pilgrimage in 2013 through his native state of Alabama. A delegation of over 200 people attended, including the Republican House Majority leader, the daughters of Lyndon Johnson and George Wallace, and Civil Rights luminaries like Ruby Bridges, who was the first African-American girl to desegregate an all-white Southern school.
Ms. Tippett: I was present and very privileged just today here in Montgomery to witness the head of public safety here in Montgomery, the chief of police, offer you a public apology, and a new generation of Montgomery policemen talk about his work to bring the truth of that history to policemen coming up now. It was an incredible moment.
Rep. Lewis: It was a very moving moment to me. I cry sometimes, and sometimes I think I cry too much, but they're tears of gratitude, tears of appreciation, joy, happiness, of seeing something about the distance we've come and the progress we've made. What the chief did today was so meaningful.
Ms. Tippett: He gave you his badge too.
Rep. Lewis: I said to him, "I'm not worthy." I wanted to say to him, "You don't have to do this," but he did it. It says something about the power of love, the power of nonviolence that it happened to move us toward a reconciliation.
Ms. Tippett: And I keep wanting — I want to push you a little bit because the word "love," as you said, it's romantic. Love, as you are talking about it, as you have aspired to live it, is not a way you feel. It's a way of being, right?
Rep. Lewis: It's a way of being, yes. It's a way of action. It's not necessarily passive. It has the capacity, it has the ability to bring peace out of conflict. It has the capacity to stir up things in order to make things right. When we were sitting in, it was love in action.
Ms. Tippett: When you were doing the sit-ins, like at lunch counters, at big department stores that had been segregated?
Rep. Lewis: Right. When we went on the freedom ride, it was love in action. The march from Selma to Montgomery was love in action. We do it not simply because it's the right thing to do, but it's love in action. That we love a country, we love a democratic society, and so we have to move our feet.
Ms. Tippett: That phrase, an African proverb, "When you pray, move your feet," you've got that in both of your books. I even tweeted it the other day. People love it. It's an amazing phrase. It's also interesting how that imagery recurs. You talk about Montgomery and speaking with their feet. Heschel, after the march, said he felt like he was praying, his feet were praying. I wonder if you think about — you became a congressman, is it right, in 1987? Is that right?
Rep. Lewis: I took office in 1987, elected in '86.
Ms. Tippett: OK. So is being in politics part of your way of praying with your feet now?
Rep. Lewis: I see my involvement in American politics as an extension of my faith, not simply as an extension of my involvement in the Civil Rights Movement. My life, whether in the Civil Rights Movement or whether in American politics, is an extension of my faith. It's the sense that you believe that somehow and some way with love and a sense of "I got to do it." I talk about the spirit, and I talk about the spirit of history.
Ms. Tippett: Yes, you do.
Rep. Lewis: And sometimes, it's this feeling that you have been tracked down, as Dr. King would say.
Ms. Tippett: You've been what?
Rep. Lewis: You have been caught up. You have been led. You have been not necessarily forced, but something caught up with you and said, "John Lewis, you, too, can do something. You, too, can make a contribution. You, too, can get in the way. But if you're going to do it, do it full and with love, peace, nonviolence, and that element of faith."
Ms. Tippett: I wonder if you have the distinction of being the U.S. congressman who's spent the most days in jail in his life. [laughs]
Rep. Lewis: I don't know. I never thought about it. I've not thought about it.
Ms. Tippett: I can't believe there could be many who've been in jail more than 40 times.
Rep. Lewis: Well, I didn't want to go to jail.
Ms. Tippett: I know. [laughs]
Rep. Lewis: Jail is not a pleasant place, but jail became one of the ways out. To be arrested, to go to jail when it's unearned suffering, it sent a message. It helped make the person who's suffering better. I felt so good the day I was arrested.
Ms. Tippett: But, again, that internal discipline was at play, right?
Rep. Lewis: Yes.
Ms. Tippett: You were turning that unearned suffering into something.
Rep. Lewis: Well, we were using it to help move the society, but also, not just the larger society, but to help move us as individuals, that you can suffer and you can come out better. I felt liberated. I felt free.
Ms. Tippett: Something else I want to talk to you about is the idea of patience. Someone might look at your life and thinking and the Civil Rights Movement and say there's always this tension between a commitment to nonviolence and a total resistance to and struggle with injustice. I want you to help us inside this virtue of patience as you've learned it and lived it. There are places in your memoir that are just so striking to me.
Here's a line. You were talking, I think, about literacy training, voting rights, and all the things you've trained people in, and you said, "We perceived that waiting was an elegant way to prove a point." That again and again, in these different situations that the Civil Rights fighters put themselves into, your civility demonstrated the absurdity of the other side. So there's a patience there, but there's also a total impatience.
And at the March on Washington, your speech that you were going to give was actually edited, and there was lots of hand-wringing. And here's what you had planned to say: "We will march through the South, through the heart of Dixie, the way Sherman did. We shall pursue our own 'scorched earth' policy and burn Jim Crow to the ground — nonviolently. We shall fragment the South into a thousand pieces and put them back together in the image of democracy." So how — help us understand how that is not a contradiction to the virtue of patience.
Rep. Lewis: Also in the speech, near the beginning, I say, "You tell us to wait." You're right. You're right. You got it right. I say, "You tell us to wait. You tell us to be patient. We cannot be patient. We want our freedom, and we want it now." So when you look at that speech of August 28, 1963, you're seeing a speech by a young guy, 23 years old. I learned. I've become better. I'm wiser. You can say all of that.
But at the same time, I would tell my members of my own family, and members of the Student Nonviolence Coordinating Committee, and members within the movement, within SNCC and SCLC and others, I've always said, "Pace yourself, pace yourself." I would tell my wife and say, "Every fight is not your fight. Pace yourself." And I would say it to the young people and others sometime, "Don't get in a hurry. Our struggle is not a struggle that lasts for one day, one week, one month, or one year, or one lifetime. It is an ongoing struggle."
Ms. Tippett: So, patience — right, yeah.
Rep. Lewis: And in the speech of the March on Washington, I had a lot of rhetoric. And in the end, I knew within my own soul that it was going to be a long haul, and I believe that. You don't change the world, the society, in a few days. And it's better. It is better to be a pilot light than to be a firecracker. [laughs]
Ms. Tippett: [laughs] Right.
Rep. Lewis: Because if you're a pilot light, you're going to be around. A firecracker coming along in you, just go off. You're here one moment, and you're gone in the next moment.
[music: "Po' Pilgrim of Sorrow" by James Horner & Sweet Honey in the Rock]
Ms. Tippett: I'm Krista Tippett with On Being, in Montgomery with Congressman and Civil Rights legend John Lewis.
[music: "Po' Pilgrim of Sorrow" by James Horner & Sweet Honey in the Rock]
Ms. Tippett: Do you hear me? Although it's a creative tension — it's a line you're walking.
Rep. Lewis: Yes.
Ms. Tippett: And it sounds like when I read the history of the movement, you and others walked back and forth across that line all the time. But it was that keeping, as you say, the pacing, the somehow always being able to pull back and see the long haul, I suppose. It's that stance. It's that attitude.
Rep. Lewis: But we wanted to end discrimination now. We wanted people to be able to register and vote now. And we had a slogan called "Freedom Now." But to hand a sort of revolutionary effect, it was going to take much longer when you're able to change the minds and hearts and souls of people.
Ms. Tippett: How do those experiences, those values that you learned, flow into your life in politics in our time?
Rep. Lewis: Well, I think, today, I'm a much better person and much better human being. Sometime when I'm sitting on the floor of the House or in a committee meeting, I feel like sometime saying I passed this way once before. If I was back in Nashville or in Georgia on a protest or maybe on the freedom ride, what would we do? What would Martin Luther King Jr. say? What would Gandhi do? So you cannot give up on certain basic principles and basic teachings.
Ms. Tippett: I don't think anybody would accuse the Congress right now of being a beloved community.
Rep. Lewis: Well, I think we have some distance away from becoming the beloved community, but I will not give up on Congress. And it's my hope that, when members of Congress come on trips and journeys and a pilgrimage, that they will learn something, that it will grow and will become better members and better human beings.
Ms. Tippett: Some of the radical aspects of this nonviolence tradition that you were steeped in, that you now bring to your life as a congressman — here's something I read in your book, that after the firebombing of the Birmingham church in which four little girls were killed, where I was privileged to be with you this weekend, Reverend King said, "At times, life is hard, as hard as crucible steel… In spite of the darkness of this hour, we must not lose faith in our white brothers." That very demanding notion, not just of having faith in yourself or faith in your movement, but faith in your enemies.
Rep. Lewis: You have to believe, and you can never, ever, give up on any possibility. It's part of it, as I said, from the beginning. It's already done. You just have to find a way to make it real.
Ms. Tippett: I remember when you write about being a student, and being exposed to the world of philosophy and theology, and reading about the notion of the dialectic, and thinking about segregation as a thesis, and the fight against desegregation as the antithesis, and integration as the synthesis, the end. I wonder how you see that now, because does the dialectic start all over? And what…
Rep. Lewis: Well, I don't think it necessary to start all over again. But I had a wonderful teacher when I was at American Baptist College. His name was John Lewis Powell, and he would start discussing this idea of the thesis and the antithesis and the synthesis, and he would run around the blackboard writing and jumping.
That's what the struggle has been all about, to bring these competing forces together, bring human beings together, and create a sense of community, to create this sense of family, that out of the good — the good is already there. The love is there. How do you make it real? How do you paint the picture? It's like an artist using a canvas. How do you get people to move from maybe A to B, and you get C? Or from one to two, and get three? That you're on a path, and you have to be consistent, and you have to be persistent.
Ms. Tippett: And patient.
Rep. Lewis: And patient. And it's all about being faithful, being honest, being open.
Ms. Tippett: It's so clear with every accomplishment of humanity, and certainly with the Civil Rights Movement, that so much change, important change, good change happened, and yet there's still much more work to do. Unforeseen complications appear, setbacks appear, that even all the best things we do remain imperfect and incomplete. How do you think about that and about where the movement is in terms of your faith?
Rep. Lewis: Well, I think about it, but you have to believe there may be setbacks, there may be some disappointments, there may be some interruption. But again, you have to take the long, hard look. With this belief it's going to be OK. It's going to work out. If it failed to happen during your lifetime, then maybe — not maybe, but it would happen in somebody's lifetime. But you must do all that you can do while you occupy this space during your time. And sometimes I feel that I'm not doing enough to try to inspire another generation of people to find a way to get in the way. To make trouble, good trouble, I just make a little noise.
Ms. Tippett: I think you embody the things that you speak, and that we watch you as much as hear you. You move your feet. [laughs] So, John Lewis, I want to thank you so much for the life you've lived and for this conversation we've been able to have with you this afternoon.
Rep. Lewis: Well, thank you very much. I enjoyed it. Thank you.
[music: "I'm Gonna Live the Life I Sing About" by R.L. Knowles]
Ms. Tippett: John Lewis is now a democratic congressman from Georgia's 5th district. He's the author of several great books, Walking with the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement, Across That Bridge, and the three-part graphic novel series March.
[music: "I'm Gonna Live the Life I Sing About" by R.L. Knowles]
Ms. Tippett: You can hear and see more of my entire conversation with John Lewis on our website, onbeing.org. There, you'll also find images and sound from the 2013 congressional civil rights pilgrimage: reflections of young people who traveled along this year, that truly historic apology by the chief of police of Montgomery, and a sermon you have to hear to believe by the great Rev. James Forbes. He preached to the congressional pilgrimage at Brown Chapel in Selma, before we walked across that bridge to remember Bloody Sunday, with John Lewis leading once again.
[music: "Turn Me Around" by Mavis Staples]
Staff: On Being is Trent Gilliss, Chris Heagle, Lily Percy, Mariah Helgeson, Maia Tarrell, Marie Sambilay, Bethanie Mann, Selena Carlson, and Rigsar Wangchuck.
Ms. Tippett: Special thanks this week to Brenda Jones in Congressman Lewis's office; Gwen Haynes; Jeremy Burns; Burns Strider; and Liz McClosky, Doug Tanner, and everyone else at the Faith and Politics Institute.
Our lovely theme music is provided and composed by Zoe Keating. And the last voice you hear singing our final credits in each show is hip-hop artist Lizzo.
On Being was created at American Public Media. Our funding partners include:
The Ford Foundation, working with visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide, at Fordfoundation.org.
The Fetzer Institute, helping to build the spiritual foundation for a loving world. Find them at fetzer.org.
Kalliopeia Foundation, working to create a future where universal spiritual values form the foundation of how we care for our common home.
The Henry Luce Foundation, in support of Public Theology Reimagined.
The Osprey Foundation – a catalyst for empowered, healthy, and fulfilled lives.
And the Lilly Endowment, an Indianapolis-based, private family foundation dedicated to its founders' interests in religion, community development, and education.


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Adobe just announced the availability of their Photoshop Lightroom 4 for Mac and Windows. Lightroom is the essential digital photography workflow solution helping both amateur and professional photographers quickly import, manage, enhance and showcase their images. First released as a public beta in January 2012, the final version of Lightroom 4 is now available for $149 for the full version and $79 for the upgrade, providing an incredible value for photographers. Lightroom 4 introduces refined technology for superior shadow and highlight processing, ability to create photo books, additional local adjustment controls, and enhanced video support.
Lightroom 4 is a major release, adding significant new capabilities and innovations. New adjustment controls maximize dynamic range from cameras, recovering exceptional shadow details and highlights. The software features new and improved auto adjustments to dynamically set values for exposure and contrast, and additional local adjustment controls including Noise Reduction, Moire and White Balance.
Lightroom 4 provides photographers the tools to create beautiful photo books with text controls and a variety of easy-to-use templates, as well as a direct link for photo book creation from within the new Book module. A new intuitive Map module displays images already assigned a location, provides location tagging and reverse geo-tagging controls and saved locations for easy assignment of a photographer's common locations.
Now, native video support gives photographers the capability to play, trim and extract frames from video clips shot on DSLRs, point-and-shoot cameras and smartphones. Video-specific presets and many standard Lightroom image adjustment controls can be applied to video clips, and adjusted videos can be exported as a H.264 file or published directly to Facebook or Flickr*.
In the Develop module, presets fully utilize new processing technology and the addition of soft proofing helps photographers tune images in a destination color space to ensure content looks its best. In addition, customers can now email images directly from Lightroom using an email account of their choice.

subset: commoncrawl


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- 6 Beds
- 3 Full, 4 3/4, 1 Half Baths
Property TypeResidential – Single Family
SubdivisionBachelor Gulch Village 1
Listing Date05/25/18
Year Built1997
AreaBachelor Gulch
Lot Size2.03 Acres (88,427 SqFt)
Parking3 Car Garage, Surface
Property Description
This home on a phenomenal 2-acre site is a perfect blend of elegant details, comfortable living and timeless architecture. Extraordinary 6-bedroom home including 2 bedrooms in the private guest "cabin" with full kitchen connected by enclosed bridge. This home has easy access to the restaurant and spa amenities of The Ritz-Carlton Hotel just 2.2 miles away. Large yard with spa, wood-burning fire pit and sweeping views of the Gore Range, Beaver Creek ski slopes and Red & White Mountain. Ski-in, ski-out access also provides convenient summer/fall season hiking/biking via the Village to Village Trail. Features include: Great Room; private top-level master suite; beautiful study; climate-controlled wine room; entertainment/family room; full western bar; sauna; gourmet kitchen with butler's pantry; exercise room; elevator to all 3 levels. All bedrooms include ensuite baths. Wood burning fireplace plus 5 gas fireplaces. This home allows you to relax and entertain in grand style.
2201 Daybreak Ridge - Time Lapse Full Moon View
2201 Daybreak Ridge - Matterport 3D Virtual Tour
2201 Daybreak Ridge - Video Tour
2201 Daybreak Ridge - Ski-in / Ski-out Map
2201 Daybreak Ridge - Interactive Map
Presented By
- Ski In
- Ski Out
- Mountains
- Ski Slopes
- South Facing
- Valley
- Woods
- Pets
- Pool
- Shuttle Service
- Tennis Courts
- Deck
- Elevator
- Fireplace - Gas
- Fireplace - Wood
- Hot Tub / Spa
- Jetted Bathtub
- Multi-Level
- Patio
- Satellite Dish
- Sauna
- Steam
- Vaulted Ceilings
- Club Membership Avai
- Pool
- Shuttle Service
- Spa and Hot Tub
- Tennis
- Cable TV
- District Sewer
- District Water
- Electricity Avail.
- Natural Gas Avail.
- Phone Available
- Satellite
- Snow Removal
- Trash Pickup
- Natural Gas
- Radiant
- Ceiling Fan
- Dryer - Gas
- Washer
Financial Information
Additional InformationDocuments
About Bachelor Gulch
Grand homes with exquisite mountain architecture featuring massive logs and rustic stonework make up the unmistakable sense of place found in Bachelor Gulch. Gated entrances offer an extra level of exclusivity, and there's not a single property that doesn't feature impressive views of the valley below and the jagged peaks of the Gore Mountain Range and Castle Peak in the distance. Bachelor Gulch has its own ski slopes, with a chairlift that serves the Ritz Carlton Bachelor Gulch, and trails that provide a village-to-village ski experience from Beaver Creek to Bachelor Gulch to Arrowhead. There's also a gondola connection to the Westin Riverfront in Avon at the base of Bachelor Gulch. It's the only residential ski neighborhood considered entirely on-mountain in the Vail Valley. While the Bachelor Gulch ski trails are part of Beaver Creek Resort, they feel much more private and less traveled. It's easy for residents to head out for a few runs without a lot of fuss getting in and out of the resort. Ski trails offer excellent hiking and biking during the summer and fall months, and the pristine golf club in neighboring Beaver Creek features challenging holes and expansive views to round out summertime fun. Bachelor Gulch is perfect for the buyer looking for privacy and luxury. Bachelor Gulch real estate is mostly known for high-end single-family homes, but luxury condominiums and fractional units are available through the residence club at the Ritz-Carlton® Bachelor Gulch.
Area Market Data
6 Beds 8 Baths
7 Beds 10 Baths
6 Beds 7 Baths
7 Beds 9 Baths
8 Beds 10 Baths
6 Beds 8 Baths
We get asked this question a lot. Below is a tool that gives you the ability to see what the market is like in your community. Find out what homes like your own are selling for right in your back yard. Simply enter in your address, choose the proximity of the search and find out market data for other homes that are selling near you.
While we'll provide you with plenty of information, this is a snapshot of your market data and there are real people behind the high-tech and automated tools. If you would like more detailed information or help in understanding the results we are here to help.
Until then, enjoy the tools!
The data relating to the real estate for sale on this website comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange program of the Vail Multi-List Service, Inc.
Copyright © 2020 Vail Multi List, Inc. (VMLS). The information displayed herein was derived from sources believed to be accurate, but has not been verified by VMLS. Buyers are cautioned to verify all information to their own satisfaction. This information is exclusively for viewers' personal, non- commercial use. Any republication or reproduction of the information herein without the express permission of the VMLS is strictly prohibited.
Listing courtesy of Slifer Smith & Frampton/Bachelor Gulch


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James Franco's inner Marlene Dietrich comes bursting out on the current cover of Candy magazine, where the actor appears heavily made-up and in full drag.
The photo was part of a shoot by hipster lensman Terry Richardson for a magazine that calls itself "the first fashion magazine ever completely dedicated to celebrating transvestism, transexuality, cross dressing and androgyny, in all its manifestations."
Franco, who also showed up on a recent cover of The Advocate, said he's not gay but would have no problem coming out if he were.
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
"Sure, I'd tell you if I was [gay]," he told The Advocate. "I guess the reason I wouldn't is because I'd be worried that it would hurt my career. I suppose that's the reason one wouldn't do that, right? But no, that wouldn't be something that would deter me. I'm going to do projects that I want to do."
The genre-hopping, multi-media star has turned his life and career into something of a performance art piece. He's starred in blockbuster movies like Spider-Man but also artier pictures, such as Howl, for which he played the homosexual Beat legend Allen Ginsberg. Franco's also appeared on episodes of both 30 Rock and General Hospital. That's when he's not publishing story collections, opening shows at art galleries and pursuing an MFA in writing at Columbia University.
Franco has become such a notorious multi-tasker that New York magazine put him on a July cover with the headline: "Is James Franco for Real?"
More and more the answer to that question seems to be: maybe?
Selected Reading: PopEater, The Huffington Post, New York Magazine.


text: Thanks to her relationship with yours truly, my cat companion Boo here has traveled to all 8 continents (including Rhode Island). Let me tell you, were it not for our line of Cat Travel gear, she probably wouldn't have made it back. Truth be told, she spied some shirtless hunk in Venice and almost made off with him. But thanks to the catnip I had in a cat travel bowl, I was able to lure her back. Don't you judge me! A dog must do what a dog must do.


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To make the best choices for Bath Remodels in Westfield, IL, you need to be informed. You don't want to go in without understanding it, and it is best to know what to anticipate. You're not going to face any kind of unexpected surprises if you deal with Bath Remodel Authority. Step one will be to contact us today at 888-303-3882 to begin your task. We're going to explore your questions once you call and help you get set up with a scheduled visit. Our crew can arrive at the scheduled time with all the needed equipment, and will work with you through the entire process.
To find the best Bath Remodel in Westfield, Wyoming, contact Bath Remodel Authority
When you are thinking about a project regarding Bath Remodel in Westfield, IL, you will find good reasons to work with Bath Remodel Authority. Our products are of the very best quality, our money saving practices are sensible and efficient, and our client satisfaction scores are unsurpassed. We fully understand your needs and goals, and we are ready to help you using our experience. If you want Bath Remodel in Westfield, choose Bath Remodel Authority by dialing 888-303-3882, and we are going to be pleased to help.


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Papa John's Cardinal Stadium found a way to cram in a record 55,386 screaming college football fans for the 2012 Governor's Cup game between the University of Louisville Cardinals and the University of Kentucky Wildcats. With the remnants of Hurricane Isaac soaking the fans and the field, the game came down to a final UofL victory 32-14 over the Cats giving Cardinal coach Charlie Strong a 2-1 record in this rivalry game.
The contest played out as predicted with the Cards moving the ball at will and controlling the line of scrimmage. Louisville scored on it's first three long drives of 99, 85 and 93 yards. The Cardinals kept the football for over 36 minutes helped by a two prong running attack. Jeremy Wright scored 3 touchdowns and finished the game with 105 yards rushing. Not to be outdone Senorise Perry ended up with 108 yards rushing and had a touchdown as well. Perry proved his worth on special teams and in the passing game finishing with 133 all purpose yards.
Star quarterback Teddy Bridgewater came off the field in the third quarter with the game well in hand and coach Strong not wanting to risk injury. He finished with 232 yards through the air. Former starter Will Stein came in for Bridgewater and finished the game while protecting the lead. Meanwhile Louisville's special teams, a question mark coming into the game, had with no major glitches.
The Wildcats tried an interesting game plan by pushing the pace and opening the second half with an onside kick. But Louisville proved to have too much talent on both sides of the ball. Bridgewater torched the UK secondary nearly at will while the defense stayed aggressive and kept making plays.
Cats QB Maxwell Smith played a solid game with 280 yards passing and throwing for 2 touchdowns. UK defensive standout Mister Cobble sacked Bridgewater once and finished the game with 5 tackles from his defensive tackle position. Both teams put the ball on the ground, too. UK fumbled twice, losing both of them. UofL fumbled 3 times but recovered each time.
In the end the Cardinal defense proved too strong and the offense too talented for them to be held back. Louisville comes back to Papa John's Cardinal Stadium on Saturday to take on Missouri State at 3:30pm.
Photos: Louisville.com/Max Sharp


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At the age of 22, Agredo, a Boston College 2011 graduate and a Rego Park resident, has earned himself a prestigious J. William Fulbright grant, the coveted post-baccalaureate study/research/teaching award given annually to the nation's best and brightest college students.
With the award, Agredo will visit Germany for one year, where he will serve as an English teaching assistant in a high school.
"I'll serve as a facilitator of the English language and also of American studies," he said. "Things like religion, politics, culture, sports and pop culture, I will bring it in as an ambassador of American culture into the classroom."
"It's a way to bring insight into what it means to be an American, and I get a feeling of what it means to be a German youth," he added. "It's this kind of cultural sharing that the Fulbright program endorses."
He will also be creating an afterschool program that will help facilitate those students struggling to learn the English language.
In a twist of fate, Agredo will be residing very close to his hometown of Wiesbaden.
"It's Interesting they put me there because I never made any indication I wanted to be in that area," he said.
For Agredo, a Philosophy major with a minor in German Studies, the experience will be unforgettable.
"It will get me more adept at the language," he said. "There is so much more I could learn in the language, and just being there in that environment will help me."
He always retained the connection to Germany, even after he moved to Rego Park with his parents, Carmen and Carlos, 12 years ago. But he did not hear of the Fulbright Scholarship until he entered Boston College.
"I was introduced to it in freshman year by my German Studies advisor, but I didn't give any thought to it until my junior year," he said.
The application process was a long one, but it was worth it. "I had to write essays, get recommendations," he said. "It was a long and daunting process, but now that it's over, I see how worthy it was because of this opportunity. It feels great."
Agredo is hoping to return and attend graduate school for philosophy or bio-ethics at Columbia or New York University. But he is open to the fact that his experience in Germany could change his plans.
"I could want to stay there longer, could want to stay there and pursue graduate studies there," he said.
This is not the graduate's first time back in Germany. He visited last year through an exchange program and spent a month in Berlin.
"It strengthened the idea I had with wanting to go back, whether just for fun or traveling," he said. "I always had a connection with Germany."
(Lisa A. Fraser)


text:
8 Facts You Probably Didn't Know About Robert Downey Jr. as Iron Man
'Iron Man 3' can't come soon enough.
This time around, Iron Man faces off against his sickest opponent yet, the sinister Mandarin who's hell bent on destroying the world and Tony Stark in the process.
Much of the success of the film can be attributed to Robert Downey Jr.'s portrayal of the billionaire, weapon-making ahole. It's quite possibly one of the greatest casting choices in movie history. Here are eight things you probably didn't know about Robert Downey Jr. and his portrayal of the man in the iron mask.


text:
Train Belgrade → Zagreb
Duration 69J 10h -
Home to the new Bohemians
Belgrade, so much to see! Serbian capital Belgrade marks the spot where the Sava and Danube rivers meet. Get a sense of the expanse of this thriving Balkan city from the Kalemegdan Fortress. Hop on one of the splavovi river barges for a taste of the city's booming nightlife scene. Learn more about Belgrade
Zagreb, Croatia's capital and largest city.
Croatia's capital and largest city, Zagreb is peppered with intricate Austro-Hungarian architecture, but its laid-back attitude is more in tune with its Mediterranean neighbours. The heady mix of café-culture, neo-Gothic cathedrals and medieval old town explains why Zagreb is known locally as Little Vienna. Learn more about Zagreb


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Stacy Frank is offering an alternative cellular reception solution to Longboat Key and Anna Maria.
Frank, an attorney and president of Naples-based Collier Enterprises, attended a Coalition of Barrier Island Elected Officials meeting Wednesday, July 15, in Anna Maria, to pitch her company's offer.
"Our business is developing wireless communication facilities, mostly in the form of towers," Frank said.
"But we understand there are instances, like in Anna Maria and Longboat Key, where some communities don't want poles or towers."
So Frank's company, which is a consultant, brought Boca Raton-based SBA Advanced Wireless Networks LLC to the meeting to explain its modern Distributed Antenna System (DAS).
DAS is a tiny network of antennas that can be placed on power and telephone poles to boost reception.
Adolfo Sanchez, SBA director of business development, said a more modern DAS system could be installed by the company on Anna Maria Island and Longboat Key to boost reception by adding 29 nodes.
Each node would include a 5- to 6-foot-tall antenna on top of an existing 35-foot utility pole and a 50-inch-by-12-inch box that would conform to the side of the utility pole.
Chris Fagas, SBA network performance director, called DAS "the glue that holds everything together."
"The ingredients we need are a high demand for wireless coverage and availability of DAS assets like utility poles," Fagas said. "We have that here."
Nodes attached to the poles would be spaced at least five or more city blocks away from each other.
Fiber-optic cable is then run along the wires from the poles to areas that receive better reception, near sites such as the Holmes Beach cellular tower. This helps boost reception to areas up to 10 miles away.
DAS could be installed in town right of ways at the cost of the company, which could then attract cellular carriers that can share the system.
While Sanchez admitted towers are still his company's main source of revenue, he said DAS is becoming more acceptable.
"If one carrier goes on a DAS system in a town like Anna Maria that's heavily populated, it's a field of dreams," Sanchez said. "If it's built, they will come."
Installation of the DAS site, Sanchez said, would take a matter of weeks and only require one truck crew.
Frank said she would be sharing her presentation with other barrier-island communities "to test the waters for a level of interest."
"There is a need for coverage out here," Frank said. "We would do this in concert with local governments if they desire it."
Anna Maria Mayor Fran Barford told Frank she would explore the option with other commissioners.
Longboat Key Commissioner Gene Jaleski, a strong proponent of cellular alternatives such as DAS, said he hopes his fellow commissioners will reconsider its decision not to allow Collier Enterprises and SBA to make their presentation at a commission meeting.
Vice Mayor Robert Siekmann, meanwhile, said he is more open to DAS after hearing the presentation.
"I thought for the first time that this DAS presentation was more focused, more positive and more realistic," Siekmann said.
But Siekmann and Town Manager Bruce St. Denis don't believe that the company should make its sales pitch at a town meeting.
"The commission does not want to put itself in a position of listening to sales pitches," Siekmann said.
St. Denis agreed.
"The door is already open to them in the form of a right-of-way permit," St. Denis said. "They could get the process rolling today and don't need our permission to do so."
After hearing the responses made by Longboat officials, Sanchez said his company would work to attract carriers to the DAS system in the next 60 days and apply for town permits when necessary.
Stacy Frank is offering an alternative cellular reception solution to Longboat Key and Anna Maria.


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These CRL Glass Mirror Plates in Bulk Packs are the same CRL mirror plates that have polished beveled edges and are GMP6individually blister packed. Ideal for multiple sale situations or having a ready supply of spares for your counter-top displayer, the Bulk Packs provide a generous cost savings and, at the same time, maintains your mirror plate inventory.
Packed in boxes of 60.


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A lightweight, technical, long sleeve polo with fantastic moisture management properties.... Read more
With excellent moisture management properties, the LIFA® Active Light products are designed to keep you feeling dry on those hot summer days. Helly Hansen have added S.Café® coffee ground technology to their high performance LIFA® Active Light materials to increase sun protection to UPF 50.
LIFA® Active Light fabirc keeps your skin dry due to its hydrophobic properties and moisture moving construction. The addition of S.Café® coffee grounds to the LIFA® fibres results in increased sun protection. The coffee grounds are part of the LIFA® filiment so they never wash out.
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We like nothing more than a brilliantly innovative creative idea that does its bit for the planet, as fans of iSaw and Papercut will know. Throw in a fashion angle on top and we're totally sold…. so when our friends at Green Thing told us about their Glove Love initiative, we were delighted on at least three levels.
Launched to coincide with London Fashion Week, Glove Love is part of Green Thing's anti-waste initiative All Consuming and is their first sustainable product to help people do the Green Thing in the physical world. Very simply, they will take lonely single gloves that have lost their original partners, wash them and then pair them up to create new and unique Glove Love pairs. You can get involved by donating a lonesome glove yourself and/or buying a pair for just £5 plus postage & packaging.
Glove Love has received some great support from the likes of Emma Thompson, whose voiceover immediately gives their 'Glove Story' promotional film a decidedly Working Title rom com-esque feel:
We particularly like the fact once you place an order a mystery pair of gloves are despatched to you lovingly labelled with their life stories. And of course you can add comments to the site and as a proud owner you're invited to upload a photo to the site gallery.
Glove Love is creative, ethical, slightly silly and has the ability to offer that little frisson of surprise life so often lacks. What's not to love? Go donate a lonely glove or even better buy a pair at the dothegreenthing.com shop


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The high costs of development could be helping to drive up housing prices in the city of Vancouver, figures provided to The Vancouver Sun by the Urban Development Institute show.
Various city development fees, community amenity charges and sustainability requirements add tens of thousands of dollars to the cost of building a condominium unit in the city of Vancouver. Vancouver charges far more than Burnaby and Surrey, the figures show.
Sky-high land costs and slightly higher construction charges also add to the cost of development in Vancouver compared to other parts of Metro.
"The significant cost premiums of building new homes in Vancouver, compared to Surrey, leads to two observable results," said Anne McMullin, president and CEO of the Urban Development Institute. "Either the increased costs will inevitably be passed on to homebuyers or the viability of building new market housing will be suppressed. Regardless, the end game is a more unaffordable and less socially sustainable city."
She says the most obvious way to address affordability is to look at the costs and supply of housing.
"Costs affect supply — if it's too expensive to build, you're going to limit the supply. But we still have the demand. There's always going to be a demand — there are buyers who can afford it."
But Brian Jackson, the City of Vancouver's general manager of planning, says market demand drives the price of housing much more than the costs of development.
"If we took $1,000 off the cost of the CACs or we took $1,000 off the cost of the DCLs," Jackson said, referring to two types of city development fees, "is the developer going to take $1,000 off the cost of selling the house? I don't think they would – they're going to get the highest price that they could."
Nonetheless, he acknowledges developers take a lot of risks when they build in Vancouver.
"I think it's a tough game out there, especially when the market is becoming soft like it is now," Jackson said.
It may be a risky game for developers, but the figures provided to The Vancouver Sun still show developers making a sizable profit: even with the higher development costs in Vancouver the expected profit is $80,694 per unit, in Burnaby $54,652 and in Surrey $34,668.
UDI's figures, including these profit numbers, were calculated for a theoretical high-quality highrise condominium building of 115 units averaging 800 square feet and 1.5 parking spaces per unit, and assuming a 24-month construction period.
The most obvious discrepancy in final cost between regions of Metro is the cost of land. In Vancouver, the cost of land used in the calculations is $170 a square foot, while in Burnaby it's $100 and in Surrey it's just $20. So the cost of land per unit in this theoretical development would be 8.5 times higher in Vancouver than in Surrey; $160,983 compared to $18,939 per unit.
But there is also a wide discrepancy in the municipal fees and levies for each unit of the theoretical highrise. The fees and requirements add up to $76,154 per unit in Vancouver, compared to $38,319 in Burnaby and $11,613 in Surrey.
A major fee in the City of Vancouver is the community amenity contribution. This is used to pay for public benefits like affordable housing or daycare centres. Developers pay CACs for rezoning to higher density. Such CACs can be as much as 75 per cent of the profit a developer would make by getting a parcel of land rezoned for higher density, the UDI figures show.
A developer would pay community amenity contributions of $48,295 a unit in this theoretical building in Vancouver, $30,303 per equivalent unit in Burnaby and zero in Surrey's City Centre area. (In Surrey's City Centre, in order to stimulate development, bonus density fees have been waived. Jean Lamontagne, Surrey's general manager of planning and development, said the charges were waived because margins are not as high for developers in Surrey and the city wanted to make sure projects were competitive and that they were built.)
The high cost of land in Vancouver is also partly responsible for the higher community amenity contributions, said Jackson.
"If we are going to buy parkland, our parkland is more expensive," Jackson said adding that Vancouver's facilities are often aging and in need of replacement and that as the population grows more amenities are needed.
"The third component of that is that we have demands on our facilities because they are de facto regional facilities. For example, our parks are regional parks. Stanley Park is an enormous asset, not only to Vancouver, but to the entire region," Jackson said.
Another use for community amenity contributions is creating affordable housing and reducing homelessness, which is more of an issue and therefore more expensive in Vancouver than in other suburbs.
CACs can be paid in-kind or in cash; in Vancouver the amount is unlimited and negotiable, while in many suburbs a fixed formula is applied.
For example, Burnaby uses a system that it calls the "bonus density program," in which developers can get extra density in exchange for a fixed contribution towards a community amenity.
"This approach is based on overall objectives within our processes to provide a certain, consistent, and transparent approach for the city, the development community, and for our residents and businesses within our town centres," said Lou Pelletier, Burnaby's director of planning and building. "The program has worked well for the city, with most eligible developments choosing to participate, making a significant contribution to our public amenities and facilities."
Negotiations for Vancouver's CACs can sometimes be time-consuming and time is money for developers. But Jackson said Vancouver is moving toward a system of fixed-formula CACs, starting with the Little Mountain and Norquay areas.
"The advantage of a fixed rate is that it provides certainty to the development industry as to what to pay for the land — and that's a primary component of what goes into a developer's pro forma, because then they know what kind of project they can deliver," Jackson said.
"Right now, with negotiated (CACs) they don't know what to pay for the land because they don't know what their CAC is going to be. … It's kind of like a chicken and egg and you chase your tail round and round and it takes quite a bit of time."
The city is not proposing to give up any revenue as the charges will end up bringing in the same dollars under a fixed-rate scenario, Jackson said.
He said that large-scale developments will always be subject to negotiation.
"Some proposals are so complex, in terms of what they're proposing to change from and to, that you can't apply a standard methodology to determine what the increase in the land value is as a result of the change in density; for example Telus Gardens, the project in Arbutus or the project at Marine and Cambie," Jackson said. "Those are very large, one-off projects where there was a tremendous increase in value as a result of doing large projects and it's not a simple formula you can apply."
Longer approval times at city hall — such as when CAC negotiations in Vancouver drag on — can mean higher costs because money borrowed, say for buying land, cannot be repaid as quickly. This can add significantly to a developers' costs per unit, according to the UDI numbers.
UDI figures show the process of rezoning and getting a development permit takes about two years in Vancouver, compared to 16 months in Burnaby and Surrey. But Jackson said a rezoning takes nine months in Vancouver while getting a development permit approved takes about 12 to 14 weeks from the point it is a "completed application."
"When a development permit is a completed application, it's in a form that staff has agreed to — we're not arguing about where the building should be or how bulky it should be. We've got all that worked out and the clock starts ticking," Jackson said.
The city of Vancouver is going through a review of its development process in a bid to streamline and speed it up.
"I think that we can do better in terms of responding to the amount of time that is at stake," Jackson said.
"I would say that within two years we're going to have a much more expedited process for submitting and reviewing applications."
Jackson said just three per cent of applications to increase heights, density or uses for a property go through a rezoning.
"Everything else is either prezoned, or it's able to be done through a development permit," Jackson said.
It is only in rezonings that certain charges — like CACs — are triggered.
Vancouver also charges what it calls the DCL. Similar to CACs, it is paid by property developers to provide funds for parks, child care facilities or social housing. This fee applies on all developments. (This means a development that requires a rezoning is charged both a DCL and CAC.)
Other municipal fees such as development cost levies and demolition fees are also higher in Vancouver at $14,427 per unit, compared to $7,070 in Burnaby and $11,140 in Surrey. Part of the reason for the relatively higher costs in Surrey is that Surrey's development cost charges are higher, because the upgrades to municipal infrastructure are sometime more substantial, Lamontagne said.
Vancouver requires all new developments subject to rezoning to meet LEED Gold, a sustainability standard that adds $11,718 to each unit, UDI says. Neither Surrey nor Burnaby requires this, although some developers choose to meet LEED standards.
Vancouver also has higher levies to collect money for district energy, car share programs, electric vehicle charging stations and public art. Surrey and Burnaby charge developments a school site acquisition charge of $600, a fee that is not applied by Vancouver.
In a bid to increase construction of social housing and market rental housing, the city of Vancouver allows both rezoning and the development permit process to run at the same time in such cases. Vancouver also sometimes waives CACs and other development costs on market rental developments to encourage more of this type of building, which is a city priority. Jackson said waiving those fees and expediting the approval process has made a real difference in getting rental suites built.
"Look what the council has done for rental housing in the three short years that the rental housing programs have been in existence, we are now approaching 1,000 units that have been approved in Vancouver, when the previous two decades had almost nothing," Jackson said.
"I think that the strategic look at what staff did and council approved was looking at the little nudge that developers needed to help reduce the costs of delivering rental housing by forgiving CACs and DCLs on market housing made an incredible difference."
But for condominium units, the charges still apply and McMullin said anytime you add costs, the price of housing goes up.
"It's a high cost to do business in Vancouver, which means that it's often just the major developers with the deeper pockets that are able to carry those costs and in turn, it's the buyer that has more money that can afford Vancouver. Burnaby is less and Surrey is less again," McMullin said.
Jackson said that rather than reduce the costs associated with development, the city of Vancouver is focused on introducing new forms of housing — like row houses or stacked townhouses — into Vancouver so that people earning between $20,000 and $80,000 can afford to live in the city.
"Vancouver does highrises so well. Really, really well. We do single-family houses so well. The quality of the housing in our single-family neighbourhoods is incredible," Jackson said.
"What we haven't done, but our sister communities (like Richmond, Delta and Surrey) have done is townhouses, stacked townhouses and row houses. All of which can help housing affordability."


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As soon as I saw this recipe in the BBC Good Food Christmas magazine I knew it was what we'd be eating after Christmas lunch. If I was in a romcom, I could tell the BBC they had me at "trifle cheesecake".
Christmas would be much more drab without sprinkles:
When you think about it, some cheesecakes already have a thick fruity layer on top but more of a set coulis than jelly. The jelly works really well and lightens the whole dessert. It was definitely a crowd pleaser.
I thought I had lined my tin pretty thoroughly, and also thought I had spread out the cheesecake layer to close off any holes. Wrong. That liquid jelly is a terror and I say this to prepare you for the likelihood of leakage. Take precautions in advance – lots of kitchen paper under the tin will prevent it looking like a jelly massacre took place shortly before you opened the fridge door. Also have a spare packet of jelly to make up for the jelly lost in leakage; it looks a bit weird if your raspberries are left poking out the top! (Not a sentence I ever thought I'd type)
Apologies for the poor quality photos; the light wasn't great and, by this point in events, I had roast potato-fuelled inertia. In other words....a typical Christmas! Hope you all had a good one!
For the base:
250g digestive biscuits
100g unsalted butter
100g unsalted butter
For the cheesecake layer:
3 gelatine leaves
3 tablespoons Bird's custard powder
200ml milk
100ml double cream
900g cream cheese – I used Philadelphia
200g golden caster sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
3 tablespoons Bird's custard powder
200ml milk
100ml double cream
900g cream cheese – I used Philadelphia
200g golden caster sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
For the jelly:
1 x 135g pack raspberry jelly cubes (You might want a spare pack on standby, should you lose jelly to leakages – I did!)
175g raspberries
175g raspberries
For the cream:
300ml double cream
Cadbury's Flake
Sprinkles of your choice
Cadbury's Flake
Sprinkles of your choice
Line a 23cm round springform tin with foil or clingfilm. It needs to be completely lined. Also wrap the outside of the tin with foil – because the chances are the jelly will leak! If you're a pessimist (I am) then place some kitchen paper under the tin inside the foil as it soaks up any leaks.
In a food processor blitz together the digestive biscuits and butter (no need to melt) until it resembles wet sand.
Press the biscuits crumbs into the base of the prepared tin and refrigerate.
Now make the custard for the cheesecake layer: place the gelatine leaves into a bowl of cold water. Put to one side.
Spoon the custard powder into a bowl.
Pour the milk and cream into a saucepan and then take three or four tablespoons of this to stir into the custard powder and make a thick paste.
Heat the milk and cream in the saucepan until almost at boiling point.
Pour over the custard paste and stir to ensure no lumps.
Return to the saucepan and heat, stirring all the time, until the custard thickens.
Remove from the heat.
Squeeze all the water from the gelatine leaves and whisk into the warm custard.
Pour into a bowl and press clingfilm onto the surface to stop a skin forming.
Leave to cool.
When it is cool, you can make the cheesecake layer: beat together the cream cheese, sugar and vanilla until smooth and well combined.
Stir the custard to loosen it a bit, and then beat into the cheesecake mix.
Spoon over the biscuit base and return to the refrigerator for 4 hours.
Now make the jelly layer: Make half the packet of jelly and leave, in the jug to cool for 30 minutes or so.
Pour over the cheesecake and place the raspberries in the jelly. At this point, they won't be covered. There might be some jelly leakage at this point but if you have prepared your tin adequately it shouldn't cause any fridge-carnage!
Refrigerate for an hour.
Make up the remaining half pack of jelly and pour over the raspberries.
Refrigerate for an hour or until the jelly is totally set.
Whip up the cream and pipe over the jelly on top of the trifle.
Sprinkle over crushed Flake or almonds, or any sugar decoration you have.
Remove from the refrigerator about 10 minutes before you wish to serve.
Bask in the glory of the wonderful thing you have created.


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My father's family has proven itself difficult to research. They originated from a region of Poland that was controlled by Russia and torn by upheavals, wars (World War I and II and the Russian Civil War/Polish-Soviet War), and invasions. This region, surrounding Czerwin, Gerwaty, Goworowo, Tomasze, and Borowce, finally has a number of online records for the region at the Polish Genealogical Society's metrics website. Of course, my difficult search has been only more frustrating since both of my grandparents had the surname of Mierzejewski and let's face it–despite the fact that name may appear unusual to anyone without a clue in Polish ancestry–it's one of those names. There are many of us, and it has come to my conclusion that it's the Polish equivalent to the surnames of Jones, Smith, and Johnson. (Those of you with deep Polish roots can understand if you're from a family named Mierzejewski, Przybylski, or Kowalski. There are just too many of us!)
Until I can get to Poland, digital and social connections and the use of whatever knowledge I have that my relatives have shared will have to do.
So, I've been scouring the metrics website this weekend. I believe I've come up with a direct connection to my father's family. I knew that my grandfather's (Wladyslaw or Walter) father was Jan and that he married three times: to Anna Budziszewska, to Anna's elder sister (name yet to be determined), and Eleonora Guzskowska. Sometime ago, Garret Mierzejewski kindly shared with me Jan's marriage record to Anna. The marriage occurred in 1864. This led me to confirm that Jan and Anna had a son name Ignacy although I have not confirmed his date of birth.
Ignacy was married to a woman named Marianna Dabkowska. This I had learned by researching his son, John (b. 1894), who had immigrated to the US and resided in Toledo. Many in this branch of my family seem to have either remained in Poland or have traveled to the US and returned to Poland to remain. I've heard a few stories about this branch that have told me some just didn't care to live in the United States and returned home. So far, I have not found any records for Ignacy to have traveled to the US. Along the way, I had discovered that John had a brother named Edward (b. 1903) through the 1930 census, where he is listed a boarder living with John and his wife, Anna, on Hamilton St. in Toledo.
Through the PGS's metrics website, I was able to locate a birth record for Edward, written in Russian. I have queries out to have it translated. However, for me, this was a pretty wonderful thing. I finally got a record, from Poland, on my own for my father's family. I never thought that would happen due to the issues of distance, history and language. (I can't even begin to understand Russian and the history, both of Poland and of my family, are working against me!)
The record is below. Click image to obtain the full resolution, full size image. The record for Edward is #67, top left.


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A big part of the trip was of course, eating, and I ate as if making up for lost time, because I was.
You see, the first time I went to El Salvador in 1999, I really missed out on this aspect of the culture. Before our trip I had visited my doctor to see if I needed any shots and he had given me a long list of things not to eat while there, warning me of all kinds of illnesses I could get. This made me incredibly paranoid and I ended up surviving mostly on a box of Cheerios and pre-packaged Lido cakes. I did try pupusas de loroco, which at the time I hated, and I couldn't be convinced to try much else. I cringe to think about what kind of impression this must have made on the family and other Salvadorans at the time.
This time was very different – I ate (almost!) everything. (One year old fermented nances and marañones were the only things I politely declined. From across the room they smelled like rubbing alcohol and I gagged watching Carlos eat them.)
I promised myself that this time I would make the most of the trip by eating all the things I can only daydream about at home – and guess what? I didn't get sick from a single thing I ate. (Take THAT gringo doctor!)
Here were some of the highlights:
Okay, our first meal in El Salvador, sadly enough, was a hamburger. We invited friends to dinner and said we would take them wherever they wanted. They picked Tony (frigging) Roma's. Our friends loved American food, (and American anything for that matter) – so I eventually had to break it to them gently that we have hamburgers at home and I really wanted to eat Salvadoran food… I also had to explain this sentiment regarding the malls. For the first few days they took us to every mall in San Salvador. They were very proud of the malls and were really surprised when I insisted I'd rather go to an open market.
While we're on the topic of American food though – before I forget – let me remind you, if you order french fries in El Salvador, and you aren't at a fast food chain – make sure you tell them you want them plain. Salvadoran restaurants love to cover french fries in ketchup and Parmesan cheese for you.
Anyway, one night, one of Carlos's cousins kindly invited us to dinner. They suggested we go to… {wait for it}… Tony Roma's. I guess they could tell I wasn't enthused because they asked what kind of food we liked to eat. I said "Salvadoran" before Carlos could say "Chinese" and before the kids could ask for pizza.
We ended up at a place called Basilea in the Zona Rosa. At Basilea we ate outdoors in a beautiful garden, and even better, they had Pollo con Loroco y yuca frita on the menu. I took a big chance ordering it because, like I said, the one time I had tried loroco, I hated it. Thankfully, I absolutely loved it this time. Loroco tasted to me sort of like broccoli or artichoke.
As you may have noticed, many Salvadorans like to eat at American restaurants – and although they're usually more expensive than establishments selling traditional food, there are an abundance of them, and somehow, they're always busy. I didn't mind eating at places like Pizza Hut and KFC once in awhile because the differences in the menu made it interesting. So, let's talk about the fast food in El Salvador. Next post will be about traditional food.
For one thing, Pizza Hut in El Salvador serves breakfast. On the menu are various tropical drinks and horchata. For dessert, they don't have cinnamon sticks – they have Pastel de Tres Leches.
McDonald's had various differences in the menu. They had sandwiches called "McTocino" and "McPollo." They had Big Macs with 4 patties instead of 2 called "Big Mac doble" – and one of the McFlurry flavors included pieces of Chips Ahoy cookies. Also, (though not exactly on the menu), the McDonald's employees at one location were making out at the front counter. (I won't say which one because I don't want to get the young lovebirds in trouble.)
I never actually ate at McDonald's, though we did eat at Biggest, the Salvadoran fast food equivalent of Burger King. When we went in 1999, it was only burgers, but they've recently introduced pupusas to the menu.
One day our older son was whining about how he missed American food so we went to Biggest.
The burgers there were disgustingly huge. Luckily, I ordered the pupusas, which were surprisingly very good.
In other fast food observations:
Most fast food places (including American restaurants) offer "servicio a domicilio" (home delivery.)
I got Chinese fried rice from a Chinese place in a mall food court. My rice had chopped hot dog in it.
The sodas use real sugar, not high fructose corn syrup.
I kept trying to order "Diet" soda, but was offered "Pepsi Light." (Flashback to the 1980's?)
It seems that copyright is not strictly enforced in El Salvador. On our way back from Chalatenango we were starving and decided to stop at the first restaurant we saw. We stopped at an establishment with a big sign that looked like this:
This "Wendy's" was privately owned by a Salvadoran woman. On the menu? Steak, tacos and quesadilla. (In other words, it was not a real Wendy's.)
(More food next post – and more of it will be traditional!)


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Will schmoozing Janie : Do you have any idea how unique you are? Still trying to get her out of the room: GEt some water, show them your tough!! She keeps refusing, he says he won't leave then.
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As always, the further we go back in Hollywood history, the more that fact and legend become intertwined. It's hard to say where the truth really lies.
March 4, 1995
John Candy dies. The larger-than-life comedic star John Candy dies suddenly of a heart attack on this day in 1995, at the age of 43. At the time of his death, he was living near Durango, Mexico, while filming Wagons East, a Western comedy co-starring the comedian Richard Lewis.
Born in 1950, Candy's first professional acting work was in children's theater in his native Canada. In 1972, he was accepted into the prestigious Second City comedy troupe in Toronto, where he would become a regular writer and performer for the group's television program, SCTV, alongside other rising comics like Eugene Levy (later Candy's co-star in Splash) and Harold Ramis (Ghostbusters). When SCTV moved to network television in 1981, Candy moved with it; that year and the next, he won Emmy Awards for writing for the show. Candy's recurring (and most famous) SCTV persona was Yosh Shmenge, a clarinet player in a polka band. He would reprise the character in a mock documentary, The Last Polka, on HBO in 1985 and would also play a polka musician in the smash hit Home Alone (1990).
Candy made his big break into movies with Splash (1984), in which he stole most of his scenes as the idle, high-living brother of the main character, played by Tom Hanks. The film, directed by Ron Howard, was a smash hit, jump-starting the careers of Candy, Hanks, Darryl Hannah and Levy. In one particularly memorable scene, Candy throws himself with abandon around a racquetball court, using his hefty frame to full comedic effect. Six-foot-three and weighing as much as 275 pounds, he struggled with dieting over the years, but his heft undoubtedly contributed to his success as a comic performer.
After Splash, Candy was in high demand as a lovable oaf. He starred in a number of box-office hits over the next 10 years, including Spaceballs (1987), and collaborations with the writer, producer and director John Hughes in Planes, Trains and Automobiles (1987), The Great Outdoors (1988) and Uncle Buck (1989). A devoted sports fan and co-owner of the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, he was also part owner of House of Blues, with the actors Dan Aykroyd and Jim Belushi. In 1993, Candy won praise for his role as the sensitive coach of an unlikely Jamaican bobsled team in Cool Runnings (1993).
At the time of his death, Candy had just completed his directorial debut, the Fox Television movie comedy Hostage for a Day. He had performed two-thirds of his scenes in Wagons East, which was finished after the filmmakers' insurance company paid a reported $15 million settlement. Another recently wrapped movie, Canadian Bacon, was released in 1995. Candy was survived by his wife, Rosemary, and their two children, Jennifer and Christopher.
March 4, 1996
Minnie Pearl dies. A longtime fixture of Nashville's Grand Ole Opry, comedian Minnie Pearl dies on this day. Pearl was famous for her comic monologues about hillbilly life, and was featured on the long-running syndicated show Hee Haw from 1970 to 1990.
March 5, 2006
Jon Stewart hosts 78th annual Academy Awards ceremony.
By early 2006, Jon Stewart, the irreverent host of The Daily Show, a fake television news program on Comedy Central, had seen the ratings for his show jump dramatically as a result of its coverage of the 2004 presidential election. The show spawned a popular spin-off, The Colbert Report, starring Daily Show regular Stephen Colbert, and a best-selling parody of a social studies textbook, America (The Book). On March 5, 2006, however, Stewart took on his highest-profile gig to date--hosting the 78th annual Academy Awards ceremony at the Kodak Theatre in Los Angeles.
In preparation for the Oscars, Stewart enlisted a team of writers from The Daily Show led by Ben Karlin, a former editor of the satirical newspaper The Onion and the then-executive producer of both The Daily Show and The Colbert Report. After the stars swanned down the red carpet, the ceremony began with a filmed segment suggesting Stewart was the last possible choice for the hosting gig and showing a series of former hosts refusing the job.
While Stewart's deadpan humor might have had audiences laughing at home, his constant poking fun at Hollywood and the stars themselves seemed to meet with a less friendly reception from the Kodak Theatre audience. Jokes about Scientology and Hollywood's liberal politics fell flat, but the audience did warm up to Daily Show-style fake ads mocking Oscar-campaigning tactics and Stewart's ad-libbed running joke about the exuberant acceptance speech given by the rap group Three 6 Mafia, who won an Oscar for Best Song for "It's Hard Out There For a Pimp" (from Hustle & Flow).
In the post-show media analysis the next morning, the consensus seemed to be that Stewart struggled; his hosting performance and its reception by the audience was compared with less-successful hosts from the past, such as David Letterman and Chris Rock, as opposed to Oscar favorites like Billy Crystal and Whoopi Goldberg. He was praised, however, for poking fun at the bloated, self-important nature of the Academy Awards ceremony itself, with its often-overdone production numbers and political posturing by the stars themselves. Stewart earned a second Oscars hosting gig--and better reviews--in 2008, in the wake of Hollywood's writers' strike and in the midst of the presidential campaign season.
The 78th annual Oscars were also memorable for the surprising upset victory of the ensemble drama Crash in the Best Picture category. After the Taiwanese filmmaker Ang Lee took home the Best Director Oscar for Brokeback Mountain, that film's string of awards seemed to have given it the front-runner's momentum to win Best Picture, the last statuette of the night. The New York Times called Crash's selection as Best Picture a "stunning twist" to the evening, while Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times observed that some Academy voters may have been uncomfortable with the subject matter of Brokeback Mountain, which starred Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal as sheepherders who fall in love while working in Wyoming in the early 1960s. Acting awards went to Rachel Weisz (Best Supporting Actress for The Constant Gardener), George Clooney (Best Supporting Actor for Syriana), Reese Witherspoon (Best Actress for Walk the Line) and Philip Seymour Hoffman (Best Actor for Capote).
To quote the Bicentennial Minute, "And that's the way it was".
Stay Tuned
Tony Figueroa


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James Cameron may have teased us with the thought of Avatar sequels in 2013 and 2014, but producer Jon Landau has revealed that we shouldn't be holding our breath – with the 3D classic not getting its next episode until 2016.
Speaking at a screening of Titanic 3D, Landau confessed that a sequel is 'four years away', which means we will have waited a massive seven years from the first film, although Avatar 3 may well be filmed at the same time and screened a year later.
Despite a massive price tag, the genius that is James Cameron proved that 3D could be a major draw – with the original Avatar smashing box office records despite criticism from reviewers.
Another dimension
Creating a CGI world and rendering it in an extra dimension pushed the boundaries of movie tech, something that Cameron has been a passionate advocate of throughout his career.
With his business partner Vince Pace recently suggesting that technology had now moved well beyond what was done in the original Avatar, we can't wait to see what is planned for Avatar 2.
But Landau suggested that the footage would be filmed at 50 frames per second, but by his timeframe we will have to wait several years to take a look.
Via Bleedingcool