text:
Chemistry Video Lectures
They include: Introduction to chemistry, general chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry, chemical structures, principles of chemical science, molecule spectroscopy and chemical thermodynamics.
Introduction to Chemistry
Course topics:
Atoms, Molecules, the Mole. Chemical Reactions, The Central Theme. Chemical Arithmetic. Chemical Bonds: Lewis Structure. Chemical Bonds: Lewis Structure. VSEPR: Gun Powder Derby. Chemical Reactions in Solution. Chemical Reactions in Gases. What Makes Water Wet? Chemical Equilibrium. Equilibrium in Gaseous Reactions. Proton Transfer Equilibria: Acids and Bases. Weak Acids and Bases. Buffers. Polyprotic Systems. Titrations. Solubility Equilibria. Complex Equilibria. Complex Equilibria: The Carbon Cycle. Energy and Society: Running Out of Gas. States of Matter: Kinetic Theory of Gases. Real Gases: Intermolecular Forces. States of Matter: Liquids and Solids. Chemical Energy. Work and Heat from Chemical Bonds. Entropy, Spontaneity, Free Energy. Free Energy and Chemical Reactions. Nuclear Radioactivity. Nuclear Chemistry: Berkeley and the Actinides. Atomic Spectra & the Bohr Model. Particles are Waves!. Quantum Confinement: Nanotechnology. One-Electron Atoms. Thanksgiving Holiday. Many-Electron Atoms. Periodic Properities of the Elements. Molecular Orbitals. Molecular Spectra.
General Chemistry
Course description:
Stoichiometry of chemical reactions, quantum mechanical description of atoms, the elements and periodic table, chemical bonding, real and ideal gases, thermochemistry, introduction to thermodynamics and equilibrium, acid-base and solubility equilibria, introduction to oxidation-reduction reactions.
Course topics:
Eight is Enough: Chemical Bonds. Electronic Glue: Bonding Types. Molecular Shapes. Molecules in Motion: Ideal Gases. It's Just a Phase: Real Gases. Attrative Molecules: Liquids and Solutions. Big Molecules: Solids. Got Electrons? Chemical Reactions. 602 Sextillion: Reaction Stoichiometry. Back it Up: Reversibility. Special K Equilibrium. How Pushy: LeChatelier's Principle. Too Full: Two Phase Equilibria. Finding Solutions: Solubility Equilibria. Heartburn: Acids and Bases. Basically Weak: Weak Acids and Bases. Neutral Territory - Acid-Based Reactions. How Resilient: Buffers. Point of View - Heat Transfer. The Heat is on Heat Capacity. Fuelish Choices: Heats of Reaction. Make It or Break It: Bond Energy. Get Over It: Reaction Rates. What a Mess: Energy Dispersal. Which Way: Enthalpy vs. Entropy. How Far: Gibbs Energy. Make It Work: Heat and Work. Feel the Power: Energy Sources. How Absorbing: Light and Color. Technicolor Atoms: Models of the Atom. Electron Clouds: Quantum Model. My Space: Atomic Orbitals. Breaking the code: Periodic Table. Housing Co-op: Molecular Orbitals. Dying to Know: Dye Molecules. Colorful Cations: Transition Metals. Now You See: Spectroscopy. Photosynthesis Energy Biosciences - Guest Lecture: Professor Fleming.
Freshman Organic Chemistry
Course description:
This is the first semester in a two-semester introductory course focused on current theories of structure and mechanism in organic chemistry, their historical development, and their basis in experimental observation. The course is open to freshmen with excellent preparation in chemistry and physics, and it aims to develop both taste for original science and intellectual skills necessary for creative research.
Course topics:
1. Do You Know Chemistry? 2. Force Laws, Lewis Structures and Resonance. 3. Double Minima, Earnshaw's Theorem, and Plum-Puddings. 4. Coping with Smallness and Scanning Probe Microscopy. 5. X-Ray Diffraction. 6. Seeing Bonds by Electron Difference Density. 7. Quantum Mechanical Kinetic Energy. 8. One-Dimensional Wave Functions. 9. Chladni Figures and One-Electron Atoms. 10. Reality and the Orbital Approximation. 11. Orbital Correction and Plum-Pudding Molecules. 12. Overlap and Atom-Pair Bonds. 13. Overlap and Energy-Match. 14. Checking Hybridization Theory with XH3. 15. Chemical Reactivity: SOMO, HOMO, and LUMO. 16. Recognizing Functional Groups. 17. Reaction Analogies and Carbonyl Reactivity. 18. Amide, Carboxylic Acid and Alkyl Lithium. 19. Oxygen and the Chemical Revolution (Beginning to 1789). 20. Rise of the Atomic Theory (1790-1805). 21. Berzelius to Liebig and Wöhler (1805-1832). 22. Radical and Type Theories (1832-1850). 23. Valence Theory and Constitutional Structure (1858). 24. Determining Chemical Structure by Isomer Counting (1869). 25. Models in 3D Space (1869-1877); Optical Isomers. 26. Van't Hoff's Tetrahedral Carbon and Chirality. 27. Communicating Molecular Structure in Diagrams and Words. 28. Stereochemical Nomenclature; Racemization and Resolution. 29. Preparing Single Enantiomers and the Mechanism of Optical Rotation. 30. Esomeprazole as an Example of Drug Testing and Usage. 31. Preparing Single Enantiomers and Conformational Energy. 32. Stereotopicity and Baeyer Strain Theory. 33. Conformational Energy and Molecular Mechanics. 34. Sharpless Oxidation Catalysts and the Conformation of Cycloalkanes. 35. Understanding Molecular Structure and Energy through Standard Bonds. 36. Bond Energies, the Boltzmann Factor and Entropy. 37. Potential Energy Surfaces, Transition State Theory and Reaction Mechanism.
General Biochemistry
Course description:
Biochemical processes and principles in membrane structure and function, intracellular trafficking and subcellular compartmentation, cytoskeletal architecture, nucleocytoplasmic transport, signal transduction mechanisms, and cell cycle control.
Chemical Structure and Reactivity
Course description:
The synthesis and purification of organic compounds will be explored. Natural product chemstry will be introduced. Advanced spectroscopic methods including infrared, ultraviolet, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry will be used to analyze products prepared and/or isolated. Qualitative analysis of organic compounds will be covered.
Course topics:
Delocalized Pi Systems Propenyl and Butadiene, 2-Propenyl, Extended Conjugation, and the Diels-Alder Cycloaddition. Diels-Alder and Electrocyclic Reactions. Electronic Spectroscopy. The Discovery of Benzene. Benzene and Aromaticity. Annulenes and Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Directing Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. More Directing Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, Spectra, Preparation, Nucleophilic Additions. Enols, Enolates, Enals, and Enones. Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones. Conjugate Additions. Carboxylic Acids: Properties. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Preparation, Interconversions and Reactions, More Reactions. Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectral Analysis. Amines: Properties. Amines: Preparation and Reactions. Benzylic Reactivity and Chemistry of Substituted Benzenes. Dicarbonyl Compounds. Masked Acyl Anions. Carbohydrates: Names and Structure. The Families of Sugars and Chemistry of Aldoses. Oxidations, Degradation, Fischer Proof, and Structures of Carbohydrate Oligomers in Nature. Heterocycles: Saturated and Aromatic. Chem 3b: Lecture 26 - Holiday. Properties and Chemistry of Heteroaromatic Compounds. Alkaloids. Amino Acids: Properties. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins. Peptide Synthesis, Sequencing, and DNA.
Principles of Biochemistry
Course description:
A comprehensive survey of the fundamentals of biological chemistry, including the properties of intermediary metabolites, the structure and function of biological macromolecules, the logic of metabolic pathways (both degradative and biosynthetic) and the molecular basis of genetics and gene expression.
Course topics:
Properties of the Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins. Detecting and Analyzing Proteins. Protein Purification, Assessing Protein Purity. Proteins Sequences, Sequence Determination, Modifications. Levels of Protein Structure, Forces Molding Conformation. Structure-Function Relationships: Globins, Antibodies. Enzymes, Enzyme Specificity. Enzyme Catalysis, Kinetic Analysis of Enzyme Activity. Mechanisms of Enzyme Action. Enzyme Regulation, Allosteric Control. Lipids, Structure and Function of Biomembranes. Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides.
Principles of Chemical Science
Course description:
This course, 5.112, is an introductory chemistry course for students with an unusually strong background in chemistry. Knowledge of calculus equivalent to MIT course 18.01 is recommended (see my full math courses post). Emphasis is on basic principles of atomic and molecular electronic structure, thermodynamics, acid-base and redox equilibria, chemical kinetics, and catalysis. The course also covers applications of basic principles to problems in metal coordination chemistry, organic chemistry, and biological chemistry.
Course topics:
Atomic Theory of Matter. Discovery of Nucleus. Wave-Particle Duality of Radiation and Matter. Particle-Like Nature of Light. Matter as a Wave. Schrödinger Equation for H Atom. Hydrogen Atom Wavefunctions. P Orbitals. Electronic Structure of Multielectron Atoms. Periodic Trends in Elemental Properties. Why Wavefunctions are Important? Ionic Bonds - Classical Model and Mechanism. Kinetic Theory - Behavior of Gases. Distribution Molecular Energies. Internal Degrees of Freedom. Intermolecular Interactions. Polarizability. Thermodynamics and Spontaneous Change. Molecular Description of Acids and Bases. Lewis and Brønsted Acid-Base Concepts. Titration Curves and pH Indicators. Electrons in Chemistry: Redox Processes. Cell Potentials and Free Energy. Theory of Molecular Shapes. Valence Bond Theory. Molecular Orbital Theory. Molecular Orbital Theory for Diatomic Molecules. Molecular Orbital Theory for Polyatomic Molecules. Crystal Field Theory. Color and Magnetism of Coordination Complexes. Coordination Complexes and Ligands. Ligand Substitution Reactions: Kinetics. Bonding in Metals and Semiconductors. Metals in Biology. Nuclear Chemistry and the Cardiolite® Story.
Chemical Thermodynamics and Kinetics
Course description:
This subject deals primarily with equilibrium properties of macroscopic systems, basic thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium of reactions in gas and solution phase, and rates of chemical reactions.
Course topics:
State of a system, 0th law, equation of state. Work, heat, first law. Internal energy, expansion work. Enthalpy. Adiabatic changes. Thermochemistry. Calorimetry. Second law. Entropy and the Clausius inequality. Entropy and irreversibility. Fundamental equation, absolute S, third law. Criteria for spontaneous change. Gibbs free energy. Multicomponent systems, chemical potential. Chemical equilibrium. Temperature, pressure and Kp. Equilibrium: application to drug design. Phase equilibria - one component. Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Phase equilibria - two components. Ideal solutions. Non-ideal solutions. Colligative properties. Introduction to statistical mechanics. Partition function (q) - large N limit. Partition function (Q) - many particles. Statistical mechanics and discrete energy levels. Model systems. Applications: chemical and phase equilibria. Introduction to reaction kinetics. Complex reactions and mechanisms. Steady-state and equilibrium approximations. Chain reactions. Temperature dependence, Ea, catalysis. Enzyme catalysis. Autocatalysis and oscillators.
Small-Molecule Spectroscopy and Dynamics
Course description:
The goal of this course is to illustrate the spectroscopy of small molecules in the gas phase: quantum mechanical effective Hamiltonian models for rotational, vibrational, and electronic structure; transition selection rules and relative intensities; diagnostic patterns and experimental methods for the assignment of non-textbook spectra; breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation (spectroscopic perturbations); the stationary phase approximation; nondegenerate and quasidegenerate perturbation theory (van Vleck transformation); qualitative molecular orbital theory (Walsh diagrams); the notation of atomic and molecular spectroscopy.
Course topics:
Matrices are useful in spectroscopic theory. Coupled harmonic oscillators: truncation of an infinite matrix. Building an effective hamiltonian. Atoms: 1e- and alkali. Alkali and many e- atomic spectra. Many e- atoms. How to assign an atomic spectrum. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The Born-Oppenheimer approach to transitions. Pictures of spectra and notation. Rotational assignment of diatomic electronic spectra. Laser schemes for rotational assignment first lines for Ω', Ω" assignments. Definition of angular momenta and | A α MA >, evaluation of HROT. 2∏ and 2∑ matrices. Parity and e/f basis for 2∏, 2∑±. Hund's cases: 2∏, 2∑± examples. Perturbations. Second-order effects. Transformations between basis sets: 3-j, 6-j, and Wigner-Eckart theorem. Construction of potential curves by the Rydberg-Klein-Rees method (RKR). Rotation of polyatomic molecules. Asymmetric top. Pure rotation spectra of polyatomic molecules. Polyatomic vibrations: normal mode calculations.
Have fun with all these chemistry lectures!
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text:
Let $C$ be an algebraic curve. One of the easiest examples of stabilty functions is
$$Z:Coh(C)/ \{ 0 \} \rightarrow \overline{\mathbb{H}};\ \ \ \ Z(E):=-deg(E)+i\cdot rk(E).$$
This induces the classical $\mu$-stability on vector bundles of given rank on $C$. I wonder what happens if one modifies this, for instance by putting $-a\cdot deg(E)+bi\cdot rk(E)$ for appropriate constants $a,b$. Does the corresponding moduli space gets (birationally?) deformed in some way? or does it change completely?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
- Never say never: Cristiano Ronaldo admits he misses English Football10:05 | 04/07/2013
Cristiano Ronaldo admits to missing English football, but claims to be enjoying his time at Real Madrid.
Speculation continues to suggest that Ronaldo could soon be on his way back to the Premier League, with former employers Manchester United prepared to throw open their doors once more.
It would, however, require a massive effort from the Red Devils to piece together a package which could tempt Real into parting with a player they paid a world record fee for in 2009.
Real have attempted to curb the rumours by announcing on several occasions that they intend to agree fresh terms with Ronaldo – with the 28-year-old having two years left to run on his current contract.
Ronaldo has been reluctant to put pen to paper, though, and has once again hinted that he could take in a second spell in England at some stage in the near future.
During a trip to Singapore, he said: "I miss English football.
"For me, it was one of the best years in my career when I was there in Manchester United. Everyone knows that it is a club that is still in my heart and I really, really miss.
"But now my life is in Spain. I am enjoying playing there too.
"Part of my life is there, but in the future we never know. I am really, really happy in the Spanish league."
According to Skysports
Tiêu điểm
Portrait of famous people
- Le Huynh Duc is former captain of Vietnamese national Football team. He is currently coaching SHB Ðà Nẵng.
- Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson is to retire at the end of the season.
- Striker Le Cong Vinh is playing for SLNA
- Lionel Messi became the best scorer in a year with 91 goals in 2012.


text:
As the US presidential primary season heats up for both parties, it helps to take a look back at the 2008 US presidential election and the win-win coalition forged between Barack Obama and his then-rival, Hillary Clinton. As this example demonstrates, if carefully managed, disagreements can lead to better results than you might expect. … Read More
examples of diplomatic negotiations
The following items are tagged examples of diplomatic negotiations:
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Understanding how to arrange the meeting space is a key aspect of preparing for negotiation. In this video, Professor Guhan Subramanian discusses a real world example of how seating arrangements can influence a negotiator's success. This discussion was held at the 3 day executive education workshop for senior executives at the Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School.
Guhan Subramanian is the Professor of Law and Business at the Harvard Law School and Professor of Business Law at the Harvard Business School.
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text: "My old mobile phone, which was held together with duct tape for the last few months of its sad existence, has finally been replaced with something more modern. I wanted to pick up a programmable, Linux-based phone like the RAZR2V8 or the FIC Neo1973, but I'm unfortunately a Verizon customer, which means that my options are currently very, very limited—at least until Verizon follows through with its open network plans. I ended up grabbing a vx8550, which is Verizon's rebranded (and, of course, crippled) LG Chocolate. This is the first phone I have ever owned that actually has Bluetooth support, so I spent some time yesterday learning how to use Bluetooth on Linux. This is a short overview of what I discovered."


text:
I am sorry if it is not the right place to post this.
My Bold 9000 has been nuked for a month.
my battery went 0
couldn't start the bold again, red light , rebooting non stop.
Did what a tutorial told me to do: Reload an OS directly from loader.exe.
The program didn't connect to my Bold.
Was advised to wipe the terminal using JL Cmder.
Tried but it doesn't connect to the terminal.
Can somebody give me a specific answer about what exactly I should do next.
Thanks a lot


text:
by Bezalel Isaacson
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
Looking uphill one would see my town, the main street bisecting it, with hills on one side and forests on the other. There on the outskirts is the old cemetery, the only proof of the town's age. All the other old buildings have been destroyed by fires. The main street is lined with brick buildings. Wooden sidewalks and electric poles give it an urban look. It is the only settlement around called a city. Two main streets cross it, one leading to Minsk (thirty-five kilometers away) is known as Minsk Street, the other, heading to Vilna (150 kilometers away) is Vilna Street.
Between the two world wars we kept very close ties with Minsk: business, children attended school there, and it was one's first stop on the way to the big world. That ended when the border between Russia and Poland separated us. From then on we looked to Vilna as our gate to the outside world.
Life was quiet before World War I. The police commissioner's main concern was taking care of the drunkards on Market Day. He was well respected, but when word of the 1917 revolutions reached us, he had to seek refuge in one of the Jewish homes.
Main Street was lined with shops. Their owners were busy on market days. Other times they spent their days watching passersby when the weather was fair or keeping warm inside their shops in winter.
The only change to the usual quiet of Main Street were Jewish weddings and funerals which came down Main Street. On the other hand, if it was a gentile funeral, the shopkeepers would close their stores while the procession went by.
Another excitement on Main Street was the fire department parade. It would draw onlookers, both Jewish and gentile. The fire house, itself, was a center of many social activities until it burned down, taking with it all its equipment. It took a while until it was replaced. Sometimes excitement was provided by visiting magic men who could lift tables and chairs with their feet and teeth. Sometimes on a weekday, a visiting cantor and singers would come. The shopkeepers would close early and hurry to the synagogue with their families to listen to these guests.
On Tisha B'Av it was customary to visit the graves of relatives. Most people went to
the new cemetery but some went to the old one, with its very old gravestones and trees. One of the graves was of the poet, M. Z. Mané, who was born and died in Radoskovich. Teachers and their students and members of the Zionist movement visited it every year.
The weekly market day would bring life and excitement to town. In addition to all the merchandise exchanging hands at the market, the bars and stores did brisk business, too, and the streets were full of people. At the end of the day the gentiles went home, and the Jews went back to their routine of preparing for Friday and then Shabbat.
The synagogue courtyard was the town's spine. Around a large square, surrounded by many houses, stood the four synagogues, the old Beit Midrash, the new Beit Midrash, the Lubavitch Shtibel, and the Kvidinov Shtibel.
The old Beit Midrash was the largest. It was made of bricks and seemed too large for the congregation. With the years it fell on hard times and was poorly heated. It was usual to see a few members praying around the two heaters by the entrance. After the October Revolution it also served as a meeting place for Jews and gentiles alike and as a dance hall, to the dissatisfaction of its Jewish members.
The new Beit Midrash was made of wood and replaced the previous one which was destroyed in the big fire. This one was very popular and filled with members. The spiritual leader was Reb Haim Moshe, the shamus, who served for many years and was liked by all. The members were progressive, and when the Zionist movement reached our town, this synagogue was at its center.
Across from these two stood the other shtiblach. From the outside it was hard to distinguish between them. In the Kvidinov the outstanding person was Moshe Aharon, the undertaker, who was jovial and devoted to his trade. He was helped by his love for drinking. Sometimes he would be found sound asleep in one of the graves he had dug.
In the other shtibel, a more aristocratic spirit prevailed. Its membership included the wealthier people, who allowed Zionists to join and supported their fund raising. The Rabbi was Zalman Hillel, whose pleasant ways made him very popular and admired as a teacher of the town's children.
People who lived around the synagogues were mostly artisans. The rest of the townspeople were shopkeepers. The two classes did not mix.
Along the river were the kosher slaughter houses, the house of the righteous woman, Ziré-Meré and her daughter, Sara Epstein, who owned the best bakery, and the tailor shop of Reb Alter Shulman, in which the Zionist minyan took place. To complete the picture, we must mention Haim Hershel, the tinsmith and his son, Fishel, as well as crooked-head Basha and her son, Avraham-Etzé and his two sisters. All three of her children were wonderful musicians and a source of pleasure to their listeners. There were also Grona, the wonderful baker, Vavka, the tailor, and Haya, whose fresh apples in summer and frozen apples in winter were well known.
In the poorest section of town stood some empty buildings. These served as housing for the town's poor and for many a travelling family who stopped on their way through.
Near the river stood the public bath house. It was very busy on Friday, when there was a steady stream of men, women and children. The heating of the stoves and the upkeep of the pumps was the job of Avraham Ben Haim Heshel.
People were busy scrubbing and washing, complaining about the water not being hot enough, or there not being enough of it. Those who could stand the heat would go into the sweat room.
On summer days people would bathe in the river. Even the rabbi would come, but he kept to himself, away from other people. The Catholic physician, Zalinski, a heavyset man, would also come, accompanied by his personal servant, who would get into the river with his master and wash him.
On both sides of the river were fields and meadows, then the small forest and then the big forest. These were places for picnics on Saturdays. But a Jew, alone, would not go to the big forest. These forests served as shelter during the time of the Holocaust.
This is the image of my childhood. Since, many changes have occurred.
The town was destroyed and is no more. We keep its memory in our hearts.
[Page 60]
(A Collection of Memoirs from Life in Radoshkowitz)
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
Contrary to the general assumption that we are all born with a desire to wander and explore (geographically), our own fathers and grandfathers had no such desire. They were well rooted in their town, and no wind could bend them.
[Page 61]
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
Even though Radoshkowitz was a small town, for hundreds of years people were content to live there all their lives without leaving it.
Reb Leib Hertz was the liaison between the town's people and the big city. He would supply them with all their business needs. Spiritual needs were served by local resources. Klezmer, cantor, Purim players, etc. were all supplied by local talent.
With this attitude it is no wonder that the townspeople frowned on immigration to America. They would bid farewell to the immigrant, with sad expressions, as though they were paying a condolence call, and say, May you come back to us soon. In many cases, they did come back and from then on were called, Americaner.
Another event which caused much criticism was when Yeruham Freidé-Henia's opened a new type of store where he sold tickets to travel by ship. It caused a wave of discontent.
Finally, young people began leaving town, not to go abroad, but to the
big cities Minsk and Vilna to study in high schools and universities.
This was met with dissatisfaction and concern.
[Page 66]
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
Socially, Radoshkowitz was quite divided. There were the upper classes, who saw themselves much superior to the poor lower classes, and between the two, were the middle class, where most people belonged.
Each of the three classes kept to themselves and had a special meeting place. The first such clubs were the synagogues. People spent long hours there in addition to prayer, discussing business and social deals.
The big synagogue was the meeting place for the middle class, the Lubavicher Shtibel for the rich people, the new synagogue and the Kvidinovi Shtibel, for the poor and lower class. But as fate would have it, with time, the new synagogue became the meeting ground for the educated, the Zionists and the new socialists in town.
One meeting place where all the people were equal was the bathhouse. There, people went every Erev Shabbat and holiday, and would discuss all matters, public and private, without any inhibitions.
Another such club was in the open air, on the corner of Minsk and Vilna Streets, where people would meet (except on market days) and discuss ideas and events of the day, with no class distinction.
But in spite of the social division of the townspeople, in times of
need, all got together and were a model of unity and self-support. Most
of the inhabitants were related to each other, as for example, the many
families named Isaacson or Rubin. In the case of a joyous or tragic occasion,
all the Jews would come to share in the event. When monetary help was needed,
people would form ad hoc committees and do what was necessary. This
kind of committee would be formed by a generous person. I remember one
such a person, Reb Michal, the shochet. He was special, young in spirit
(I knew him as an old man), righteous and full of fun, the first to wipe
a tear from someone's face, and always at the heart of any merriment. The
whole Jewish population of Radoshkowitz was one big family, in the best
sense of the word.
[Page 70]
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
The Russian Revolution brought about major changes in that big country. Some of them were felt even in Radoshkowitz. It brought on a struggle between the generations, though it did not cause a real rift. Let me demonstrate this with my own experience. I was raised in a very observant home. Reading of the text (biblical) was of foremost importance. But with the new era came changes in the texts we read. My father's was the Talmud, whereas my brother's was Gratz's book, The History of the Jews. Later, when my turn came, my text was the writings of Bogdanov (who popularized Marx), Chapters in Economic Politics. But like my father and my brother, I read with total abandon. I found myself reading out loud in the same chanting style as my ancestors before me. So even though the text was very different, the style was very much the same.
[Page 73]
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
We all took great pride in our local poet, Mordecai Zvi Mané. He, himself used a pseudonym, Hamatzir Habachur Mordecai Zvi Yeled Radoshkowitz (The Lad, Mordecai Zvi from Radoshkowitz).
Every community needs a strong tree to hang their local patriotism on. Our tree was Mané. Between Mané and the Jews of Radoshkowitz existed a real love affair. His grave in the old cemetery was always decorated with flowers brought by the youth of the town. The older population took care of his tombstone. And even a small hill outside town, on which he supposedly wrote one of this famous poems, was a site for pilgrimages.
I remember that when I came to Minsk for the first time, and people asked me where I came from, I answered, From Radoshkowitz and people would comment, Ah, Mané's town.
In Radoshkowitz the name Mané meant different thing to different people, but it always stood for praise and glory. Even the people who helped Mané achieve his reputation as a painter and a poet, basked in his claim to fame. Thus, I learned from my father, very early in my life, about Reb Avraham Sofer and his son, who were among the first to notice Mané's talent. I learned about the cantor, Shmuel Chiz, from Warsaw, who was one of Mané's first friends, about Reb Arye Leib Shinhaus, who was a talented author in many fields, but whose most important achievement was Mané's biography.
For generations Mané's name was very popular in Radoshkowitz, until the town was destroyed by the Nazi animals. The first Hebrew school was named after him. When I last visited Radoshkowitz in 1935, coming from Eretz Israel, I and my friends went to visit Mané's grave. I never thought that only a few years later the town and its inhabitants would exist no more. Two years later I received a letter from Prague, from a friend from Radoshkowitz, suggesting that we co-author a book about Mané.
Later yet, when I first got word about the destruction of Radoshkowitz
and its Jewish community, the story was that the Jews of Radoshkowitz had
been rounded up by the Nazis and shot next to Mané's tomb. This
turned out to be incorrect, but my initial shock made me tell the story
in Ha'aretz, where I pointed out its symbolism the mass grave side by
side with Mané's, inseparable in life and death.
[Page 77]
(Sketches of the Public and Spiritual Character of the Town)
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
Radoshkowitz was a small, modest town, surrounded by green fields and forests, and two rivers, the Goyka and Viazinka, where we swam in the summer and ice-skated in the winter. The same modesty and moderation applied to its economy, as well as to its spiritual life. Even though there were differences of opinion, they were not extreme, and a compromising approach prevailed.
Most people were progressive in their ways and in politics. When it came to Zionism, the majority supported what is now the Labor Party (Mapai). Despite twenty years of Polish rule they did not adopt Polish ways and did not change their names, their language or the education of their children.
When World War I broke out in July, 1914, its events did not bypass Radoshkowitz. In the second year of the war, word reached the town that the German army was approaching, and many people decided to flee. The next two historic dates, the 1917 Revolution and the Balfour Declaration of 1918, found Radoshkowitz alive and well. Both events caused excitement among our people. But the good times did not last.
In 1920 war broke out between Russia and Poland, and Radoshkowitz was caught in the crossfire and changed hands a few times. When the final borders were drawn, it resulted in an economic death sentence for Radoshkowitz. The villages, which supplied its agricultural needs and its customers, were now in Russia, whereas Radoshkowitz was in Poland. Business in Radoshkowitz came to an almost complete halt. Young people began to leave as there was no future in town, and taxes were very heavy. Poverty spread, and yet, people still hoped that things would change for the better.
The will to survive and prosper found its expression in the spiritual and social life of the town. It drew spiritual strength from the Zionist movement, from the rebirth of Eretz Israel and its language. The Hechalutz movement opened one of its first offices in town. Young people from Radoshkowitz were members of the Third Aliya and subsequent ones, as well as representatives of Hechalutz in other Polish towns.
Over time, young people created other Zionist clubs. The most important among these was called, Freedom and Rebirth. It became a center for the whole region and had a few hundred members, sixteen to eighteen years old. Hashomer Hazair had one of the best organized centers. It educated its members in a pioneering spirit.
The Zionist Federation was the overseeing organization. Its leaders were most enlightened. They established organized, important activities to educate and promote their ideas and ideals. Its greatest achievement was the establishment of the Jewish school, Tarbut (Culture), which educated the young and gave hope to their parents for a better future in the Jewish homeland. This school received no support from the Polish authorities. It was supported solely by parents' donations and the dedication of its teachers. All realized how important this school was for the future of its students. This was an elementary school, so for high school the Jewish students had to attend either the Russian, Belarussian, or Polish schools. Very few Jewish students attended the public elementary school in town.
The Jewish education served its students well. It prepared them for future positions as Jewish educators elsewhere and for other leadership roles. Those students who immigrated to Israel found that their school had taught them Hebrew and taught them to feel at home in the new land.
Among Radoshkowitz's young people, a few showed a talent for the theater. Those organized a group of actors who produced shows based on works by Gordon, Pinsky, Livik, Dimov, etc. Another accomplishment of these young people was the establishment of a Jewish library named for M. Z. Mané.
When Radoshkowitz was cut off from Minsk (as a result of the new borders) it developed a kinship with Vilna. Many young people found their way to Vilna where they attended many of its educational institutions. They stuck together in this city, and many created a family away from home, at the home of Dvora Gordon, a very special woman.
Jewish Radoshkowitz is no longer; it was destroyed by evil men. But
in our memories it will live forever.
[Page 85]
by Hassia Bessin
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
The years resulted in deteriorating economic conditions in Radoshkowitz, especially after the new border was established. Half of the Jewish population (there was a total of 300 Jewish families and 300 gentile families) depended for their livelihood on financial aid from relatives in America.
Storekeepers bought their supplies in Vilna (paid for with IOU's), and sold them with very little profit. The general depression in Poland did not help, either. Moreover, everyone had to pay heavy taxes to the government. Conditions continued to deteriorate to the point where some people depended on handouts of food and money. Things got so bad that finally many people left Radoshkowitz. They went to America, Australia, France, England and of course, Eretz Israel. The Jewish Federation tried with little success to retrain the Jewish population and find different occupations like agriculture and beekeeping, but with very small success. The only exception was a handful of big business people who supplied Radoshkowitz and a few nearby towns with necessities like sugar, flour, and gasoline.
Market days were the major source of income. Accordingly, there were two market days a week, the minor one on Thursday and the major one on Sunday. Both gentile farmers and Jewish business people depended on them, so if a gentile holiday fell on Thursday, the market day would be moved to the preceding Wednesday. Better conditions existed in the fields of public affairs and spiritual-national (Zionist) activities. The volunteer fire department was well equipped, and put out many a fire. Their hall served as a meeting place, ballroom and theater. The bank, established by Yoel Lipman, Avi Yoel-Dov Isaacson, Ben-Zion Shepsenbul and Yekutiel Funt, was responsible for much vital economic activity. Also, there were some decent educational institutions. There was the heder, which taught in the old fashioned style, and the public library which circulated many good books in Hebrew, Russian and Yiddish, but the jewel of the new national Hebrew education was the Tarbut school, which educated the future generation. This most important school was the result of efforts of the Jewish community's spiritual leaders, Avi Yoel-Dov Isaacson, Ben-Zion Shepsenbul, Yoel Lipman (Zrubavel) and Ya'acov Cahanovich. The president of this institution was Avi Yoel-Dov Isaacson, who devoted much of his time to this school. He loved the Hebrew language, and spoke it whenever he could. His children were well versed in Hebrew. He and a few of his friends established an office for the Jewish Federation, in town, and were instrumental in encouraging young people to go to Eretz Israel.
A few of those who graduated the Belarussian high school continued their education in Soviet Russia, Vilna, Prague, Geneva, Grenoble, and Toulouse. Shmuel Rubin's oldest son became a professor of botany in Ukraine; Avraham Lappidot, became a professor of forestry in Balarus, and Yoseph Shepsenbul became professor of anatomy in the United States. A few young people graduated the Jewish teachers' seminary in Tarbut in Vilna and ended up teaching in elementary schools in various communities in Poland.
A few young people excelled in the arts. A few young women played the
piano well. The drama club performed in the firehouse hall, with proceeds
going to help various causes. Some of the participants were actors, likeYoseph
Lipman (Y. Zrubavel, today a member of Ohel theatre in Tel Aviv), Shmuel
Nechemia Isaacson, Miriam Isaacson, Shimon Zukovski, Haim Shapira, Dvora
Pederski, Yehudit Greiss, Yerachmiel Resnik and more. Others - comedians
- performed in family circles or in Shabbat gatherings in Mina Roda's home.
But the most active were the various Zionist groups which sprang up after
World War I, Hechaluz, HaShomer Hazair and other youth organizations.
[Page 90]
by Litman Sharzkevich
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
Two activities stand out in my mind from the fourteen years I spent in Radoshkowitz.
A) the warm hospitality extended to Jewish soldiers who
served in the Polish army during the Russia-Polish war.
B) The many activities of the Jewish National Fund.
In 1921 I served in the Polish army, which fought the Red Army. In our travels we stayed for a while in Radoshkowitz, in private homes. My friend Feivel Borovich (who is now also living in Israel) and I stayed with a gentile family, Golobovich, on Vilna Street. Our job in the army was supplying food and clothing, so we supplied our host with many food items otherwise unavailable. His daughter cooked the most delicious dinners for us and for many happy neighbors. But for spiritual satisfaction we became friendly with some of the town's Jewish girls. In our army unit we were fifty or sixty Jewish men, and we called ourselves, Moshe Rabeinu's Army.
As the Jewish holidays approached and my longing for my family grew, it was much appreciated to be invited to Duba Isaacson's home. She was helped in this most generous invitation by her brother-in-law, Avraham Yitzhak Isaacson and his wife, Bracha; Reb Yoel Dov Isaacson and his wife, Shifra; and the dentist, Rivka Polakov. We were entertained throughout the holidays, we and some of our Polish officers. We were all grateful for this most generous reception. I was so impressed by it, I will never forget it as long as I live.
The other impressive event was the devoted fund raising for the JNF, by young and old alike. I especially remember the events preceding the first bazaar in Radoshkowitz. A few days before it was to be held, after weeks of gathering donations from various store keepers, and preparing many handcrafts, ourselves, we realized that we still needed a permit from the local authorities to hold the event. The meeting held to find a quick solution to the problem was attended by the JNF representative, Yehudith Gross and members of the community, Shimon Zukovski, Ze'ev Shapira, Yerachmiel Resnik, Ya'acov Segalovich, Nathan Weisbrod, and Borochanski. The weather that night was bad; it was a very cold, fall night and a very heavy rain was coming down. The only solution to our problem was to travel to the town of Molodezna to apply for the permit in person. On account of the bad weather no one volunteered to go to Molodezna. So this task fell to Yehudith Gross. She left that same night and returned the next day permit in hand.
The bazaar was held in the firehouse hall which was decorated. There was much excitement and finally the event opened with a very large attendance. Some of the crowd were not very friendly and wanted to disrupt the proceedings. So they released a bunch of white doves, but the crowds took this to be part of the celebration and welcomed it with applause. The event was a big success; it raised much more money than anticipated and was the talk of the town for a long time.
The members of the local chapter of the JNF were always looking for ways to raise money. They handed out the blue boxes so that every home had one. They held flower days, sold stamps and flowers to school children, and raised money even at private parties like weddings, Bar-Mitzvahs and Brith-Mila's. Also on special days and holidays, they would pass the blue box around the synagogues. These tasks were usually carried out by Ben-Zion Shepsenbul, Yoel Isaacson, Yoel Lipman, Isser Tanhilevich, Ya'acov Cahanovich, Haim Goldin, and Shimon Zuckovsky. I remember being involved in such an event with Shmuel Bassin on a stormy night on Hanukah. The wind and the snow were so strong and furious we could hardly walk. But in spite of the bad weather, we made it to the last two homes. The total take was insignificant; it was just that we were caught up in the spirit of dedication to the cause of the JNF.
Another special story among the activities of the JNF was a minyan that gathered on Simchat Torah. It was attended by young and old, and it met at Alter Shulman's home. On that day the members of this minyan gave up their comfortable seats at the synagogue so they could be closer to the street, and they lured passersby to join their midst in prayer. Then they sold all the mitzvot and honors to the highest bidder: Hatan Torah, Hatan Breishit, Hagbaha and Glila. This way they raised money for the JNF. Later these funds were greatly increased by the generosity of two visiting merchants. One was Zvi Burstein of Zambrov, who has since moved to Israel, and his partner, Sheinovitz, from Warsaw. After the prayer, all members of the minyan were invited for refreshments and singing. At that time they discussed their plan for more activities to raise money for their beloved cause.
I dedicate this story to the memory of those whose activities helped
add another stone to the building of the state of Israel. Unfortunately,
they perished, and never lived to see their dream realized.
[Page 96]
by Yisachar Kamnezky
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
At first the school had a rough time. The Orthodox in Radoshkowitz saw in it a competitor to the traditional heder and did everything they could to prevent parents from sending their children to the Hebrew school, where they would be exposed to all kinds of bad influences. On the other hand were the free public schools. So people had to be committed to the Zionist idea of sending their kids to Tarbut, and many were.
In its own self interest the school had to make sure it kept its students happy. So they had to find the right gimmick to satisfy every child. It was the prime responsibility of every teacher to make sure that he provided his students with the best possible education.
The sole source of funding for the school was from tuition. People in Radoshkowitz were financially limited, and this translated into a school in constant economic struggle.
Perseverance, devotion and love were the three forces that sustained the school. The teachers taught with an abundance of energy and enthusiasm, and transmitted their spirit to their students. Together they fought for the existence of the school. The methods of teaching were sometimes nontraditional and innovative. For example, in the course on Bible studies they held a trial. The defendant was Shimshon, who was accused of being overconfident in his ability to fight the Philistines and did not involve his fellow Jews in the struggle. All the participants in this trial were students under the guidance of a teacher.
When the school was internally stable it was decided to hold an exhibition of students' work. The students received the idea with great excitement. On exhibit were works in all subjects: Jewish history, quotations from the Bible, curse words from the Bible, two plays based on the Book of Ruth, geography of Radoshkowitz, Hebrew-Hebrew dictionary, works in science and geography, drawings, etc.
Among the visitors were Jews well-educated in the Bible, and some of them very skeptical as far as the school's achievements. They examined the works very carefully and soon realized that the school was doing an excellent job and could not be ignored.
The students came to love their school like a second home. The story goes that one teacher stayed after hours on a winter Friday afternoon to catch up on his work. After a while he found himself surrounded by his students. When he asked why they were still in school, they answered that they wanted another lesson. The teacher agreed, and the lesson lasted until it was time to go home and light the Shabbat candles.
The school left its imprint on the town. Hebrew was spoken by many, even the less educated, and Hebrew songs were very popular.
The school drew students from surrounding villages. It had five to six classes, 120 students between the ages of six and thirteen. There was no difference between rich and poor; no student was dismissed for lack of money. It was the teachers who suffered the consequences.
The teachers, also, were the ones who looked for additional sources of funding. The best, and basically the only source of income, were the parties held by the school population. The students performed plays, songs, declamations, etc. Even when such a party was not a financial success, it helped spread the knowledge of Hebrew songs.
The four rooms which constituted the school, also served as a meeting
place for the Hechalutz, and Hechalutz Hatzair youth organizations.
The place was always at the heart of some Hebrew-Zionist activity.
[Page 99]
by Shmuel Bassin, Jerusalem
Translated by Elisabeth Ruderman
I knew Radoshkowitz at the end of 1928, when it was in its decline. As a result of World War I the new border between Russia & Poland passed just east of Radoshkowitz, cutting off its means of earning a living. It was cut off from Minsk, which was the center of its cultural and spiritual life. Poverty descended on the town. The major source of income were the stores, and there were far too many to afford their owners a real income. The luckiest were those families who received monthly support from relatives in America.
As to the young, they suffered from cultural-spiritual suffocation. Once in a while one would hear of someone who crossed the border and went to Minsk. Others left for the universities in Vilna and Prague. But most stayed in town like fish caught in a net. Many of these dreamed of immigrating to Israel, and in preparation, joined Hechalutz, Hashomer Hatzair, and Beitar. When one of these people was lucky enough to obtain a certificate of immigration, everyone rejoiced with him.
But some of the older generation also found a way to maintain an interest in the world of Torah and learning in spite of the constant struggle to make a living. Some of them were Ya'acov Moshe Alpirov, Rabbi Haim Shmuel Lappidot and his two sons-in-law, Yizhak Zalman Taller and Zvi Isaacson.
There were some more secular Jews whose concern for the spiritual survival of the community is worth mentioning. Their main concern was for the young generation. So, soon after World War I they established the Hebrew school, Tarbut. When I came to know it in 1928 it was connected to a chain of such schools which had been established in Poland. Its only source of income was the tuition paid by the students, which, at best, covered half its expenses. The rest was covered by parties organized by the teachers and run by the students, and some by the teachers forgoing their pay.
I must mention that Radoshkowitz had another school, the Orthodox heder, which was supported by former residents of Radoshkowitz who had emigrated to America. As a result, this school was free. Still, those parents with a Zionist conscience chose to send their children to Tarbut, and pay the relatively high tuition.
On top of this poor state of affairs, the Polish authorities added new decrees which were a constant harassment. It looked on this school with dissatisfaction and was constantly checking on the teachers' qualifications and the condition of the school building. They tried to close the school a few times, but only the stubborn devotion of the Jewish leaders stood in their way. To prove this, let me present parts of a letter sent by the school committee to the Union of Immigrants to Israel, written on Sept. 8, 1935:
The years 1935-6 were a difficult period for the school, confronted with financial and legal problems. Only in 1937-8 did it finally see better times, as the following letter from July 7, 1938 will attest:
The town's education leaders were right. The school became the center of all cultural activities for the Zionist youth. It saved many from ignorance and idleness. Many of its graduates went to Israel and are leading full and productive lives.
Your efforts, secular Jews, were not in vain.
JewishGen, Inc. makes no representations regarding the accuracy of
the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
for verification.
JewishGen is not responsible for inaccuracies or omissions in the original work and cannot rewrite or edit the text to correct inaccuracies and/or omissions.
Our mission is to produce a translation of the original work and we cannot verify the accuracy of statements or alter facts cited.
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Updated 27 October 2012 by OR


text:
turn into this!
much delight and pleasure was gained from ripping these fabric strips! really you have to try it.
Make a small cut to begin the rip and then rip away. I wanted to make something colourful for my living room. It's still in need of jollying up. I have all these lovely vintage sheets and have been thinking about projects I can do with them.
You can attach the fabric in several different ways. I tied mine as though I was beginning a bow. This creates a fuller, bouncy effect. You could also loop the strips through like this. This creates a flatter more uniform effect. Good for tieing around a pole or hoop.
Or use a branch..... a beautiful wavy branch, would be a lovely rustic touch. Especially at a wedding or over a table. You could even paint the branch. I will have to look out for some nice branches while out on my wonderings.....
Just think how nice this might be for a celebration or birthday, strung across the room, perhaps with really long strips. Or satins and silks or lace. The possibilities are endless! Have a look here, here and here. And have a look a this for a great fringe and canopy idea. I like the way the lights have been added too. So pretty, could be a lot of fun in a children's room. Or mine!


text:
Twins take rubber game against O's
MINNEAPOLIS (AP) — Phil Hughes won his third start in a row, Trevor Plouffe and Kurt Suzuki hit two-run doubles and the Minnesota Twins
beat the Baltimore Orioles 5-2 on Sunday.
Hughes (3-1) gave up two runs and six hits in 6 1-3 innings, walking none and striking out three.
After giving up a single to Nick Markakis to start the game, Hughes retired the next 14 batters. Nelson Cruz broke up Hughes' shutout bid with two outs in the sixth, hitting a two-run shot for his ninth homer of the season.
Plouffe hit a two-out, two-run double in the third off Miguel Gonzalez (1-3). Suzuki added his double in the seventh.


text:
TFT Proto 5" carries a 800×480-pixel screen that can display 262,000 colors. Driving the display is an SSD1963 graphics controller with an 8/9/16/24-bit MCU interface that includes a deep-sleep power-saving mode (via the GPIO0 pin on the side of the board). It also has a touchpanel driven by an STMPE811 controller.
Two rows of 26 pins provide an interface to your host MCU, with 16 data and 7 control lines, plus I2C lines and an interrupt line for the touchscreen controller. Four corner mounting holes simplify integration whether you'll be using the display in a protoype or as a part of your final product.
Note: The board is designed to use a 3.3V power supply only (each side of the board has pins for bringing the power, for the sake of convenience). The picture to the right shows pins installed for illustration purposes. The pins are provided loose. You can solder them to either side or use something different, e.g. right-angle headers.
We also have smaller versions that have 480×272 and 320×240 screens; see TFT Proto 4.3 and TFT-PROTO. We also have a larger version (but with the same resolution): TFT Proto 7.


text:
Why do I need to clean my roof?
Over time, algae, moss, lichen, dirt and even salt (if you're near the ocean) can build up on your roof. These buildups can affect the look and function of your roof unless removed. The buildup of organic materials such as moss on a shingle roof can prevent water from sloughing off as it normally would. Trapped water can rot the roof or cause early deterioration of your shingles. Even if you don't have a shingle roof, moss and lichen absorb water, and that wet material adds weight and stress to your roof — as well as providing a home for insects and other pests, and collecting dirt. For reflective, cool roofs that redirect heat away from the home, algae and moss growths can hamper their ability to deflect the sun, which can affect utility bills. Visually, moss, dirt and algae growths on a roof can have a negative effect on perceived home value and curb appeal. For example, black algae streaks on your roof may cause a potential homebuyer to assume that the roof might need repair or replacement, when it only needs to be cleaned.
Can a roof be cleaned?
Yes roofs can be cleaned, and yes, it's a real thing. Roof cleaning may actually be a wise investment to prolong the life of your roof. Overgrowth of moss, grime, lichen or algae can all shorten the life of your roof. If you have black streaks growing on your roof, they are likely caused by gloeocapsa magma algae spores that have landed on your roof and taken up residence. Once the algae has grown into streaks, the organism has usually been growing for several months and it's high time to have it removed. If you live in a rainy part of the country, such as the Pacific Northwest, there's a good chance you'll find moss growing on your roof at some point. The northern part of your roof, as well as any parts that remain shaded all day, will provide a wet, cool haven for moss to flourish. Unfortunately this water-absorbing moss can damage your shingle roof, leading to rot if not removed. Beyond roof health and function, a clean roof can boost your curb appeal and potentially boost your home's resale value. The national average for roof cleaning costs ranges between $270 and $350, although prices can be higher depending on how large your roof is, how steep your roof is, and what type of cleaning is necessary. Typically pros use either a pressure wash or chemical wash (made with a concentrated bleach solution) to remove algae, lichen, moss and dirt.
What chemicals are used to clean roofs?
Roof cleaning is done to remove moss, lichen, algae, and buildup of other grime and dirt. There are several methods for roof cleaning, which can include a chemical soft wash, pressure washing, low-pressure washing and hand washing. When a chemical soft wash is used, a bleach mixture is sprayed onto the roof. The bleach-based solution is absorbed by the algae or moss, which dies from exposure to the chemical. The roof is then sprayed with a low-pressure rinse of water, which loosens the now-dead material, allowing it to slide off the roof.
For homeowners, the Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association recommends a mixture of 50 percent laundry-strength liquid chlorine bleach and 50 percent water. Professional roof cleaning companies will use an industrial mixture that is still safe but may be more effective in eliminating algae and moss growths. Asphalt shingle roofs are the most common type of roof, but each roofing material will have its own cleaning needs, so it's best to consult with your roofing pro before diving in. Don't do it yourself unless you can safely navigate your roof, the chemicals and a sprayer system. When in doubt, leave it to the pros.
How much is commercial window cleaning?
The national average cost to clean windows is $120-$170. Typically, window washing for commercial spaces costs less per window than residential window washing, but has a higher overall price because the greater number of windows. Commercial window cleaning companies may charge a standard rate per window — for example, $3 to clean the exterior only, with a higher rate of $4 or $5 to also clean the interior. There may be an additional charge, such as an extra $1 per window, for scrubbing off water stains or deep-cleaning window tracks. Double-hung windows require more labor and will therefore cost more to clean. Companies may charge a flat rate, such as $8 per double-hung window or $9 per French door, to account for the added work. Building height will play a factor in window washing costs. Standard cleaning for one- and two-story buildings will typically stay within the same range, but cleaning high-rise windows may entail special safety permits and equipment, which would increase costs. Your location will also affect window washing costs. Smaller towns and areas with a lower cost to do business will have lower window cleaning rates than large cities.
How much does it cost to clean a roof?
The national average for roof cleaning costs ranges between $270 and $350. Factors that can affect the cost to clean your roof are the height of your house, the size and pitch (steepness) of your roof, and the complexity of your roof's design and accessibility. Geographic location also plays a role in roof cleaning costs as regional labor rates and area costs to do business will vary. There are several ways to clean a roof. The most common is pressure washing. Industrial pressure washers can spray over 3,000 pounds per square inch (psi) of water — which is much too powerful for roof cleaning, and may tear off shingles and damage your roof. Confirm that the roof-cleaning pro you choose will only use a low-pressure sprayer to protect your roof investment. For large algae or moss growths, pros often recommend a combination of low-pressure washing with a bleach-based chemical solution. This is referred to soft washing and should handily remove any growths taking over your roof.


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South DakotaIt's truly where history comes to life.
From prehistoric dinosaurs, to the Native Americans that first called this land home, through the settlers that came from across the globe to make a better life, South Dakota is extraordinarily rich in history and culture. See the 60-foot-tall faces on Mount Rushmore National Memorial. Behold the world's largest in-progress mountain carving at Crazy Horse Memorial. Follow the trail of Lewis & Clark, find museums of every size and focus, and experience the Wild West of legends.
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text:
5 Dollar Wrestling LIVE 2 DVD
LIVE from the LAX Westin in Los Angeles, CA it's 5 Dollar LIVE. Your hosts are Colt "Boom Boom" Cabana & Marty DeRosa for this can't miss event from the Wrestle Reunion 6. You will also see such guest stars as Shelly Martinez, Tammy Lynn Sytch AKA Sunny, Hollywood Stu Stone, Sami Calihan & some alleged pics of Jim Neidhart. We will explain later but for now sit down and enjoy 5 Dollar LIVE 2.
George The Animal Steele vs. Glen OsborneMr. Hughes vs. Amien RiosPN News vs. Mike Awesome (Courtesy of ECW Fancam & RFVideo)Buff Bagwell vs. Tre GJimmy Snuka vs. Flamingo KidStro vs. BarbarianDemolition Axe & Metal Manic vs. Ghetto Blaster & Mr. LuciferDavid Flair w/ JJ Dillion & Terry Funk vs. Jeff Tankersly w/ Dustin Rhodes
Approx Running Time: 1 hour 30 mins
Average Customer Review: 2 Reviews
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text:
(CNN) - House Speaker John Boehner introduced the GOP's deficit-reduction proposal Monday, but not all Republicans are fully behind the offer–including the president of the conservative group FreedomWorks.
"I think (Boehner) is negotiating with himself," Matt Kibbe told CNN on Tuesday. "I wish Republicans would lay out a more substantial vision."
- Follow the Ticker on Twitter: @PoliticalTicker
The GOP plan promises $2.2 trillion in deficit savings over the next decade, including $800 billion in revenue from tax reform, $600 billion from Medicare reforms and other health savings and $600 billion in other spending cuts.
It also pledges $200 billion in savings by revising the consumer price index, a measure of inflation.
Republicans said the offer is based on a proposal last year by Erskine Bowles, a Democrat who co-chaired a bipartisan deficit-reduction panel appointed by Obama in 2010. Bowles, however, discounted the GOP plan Monday, saying it reflected his view a year ago but "circumstances have changed since then."
For his part, Kibbe said the plan does not go far enough in spending cuts. The fiscal conservative said Republicans "are getting away with murder" because they're not offering "specifics" in entitlement cuts. "I think Boehner is at risk of splitting his caucus," he added.
The GOP plan, however, did delve into some details Monday, by offering to raise the eligibility age for Medicare, for example.
Kibbe also took issue with efforts to forestall the sequester, a massive amount of spending cuts ($1.2 trillion) set to start kicking in at the beginning of next year if Congress fails to reach an agreement. Whether or not they come up with a plan, Kibbe argued the cuts should still happen.
"They've got to cut spending. These are nominal cuts, these are not draconian cuts," Kibbe said. "This is a slight haircut."
His comments come as the group faces a high-profile departure from its former chairman, Dick Armey, who recently resigned.
- CNN's Ashley Killough contributed to this report.
That's not all his going to split. The weeper allowed the tea fools to take over after the disastrous 2008 mcnasty campaign and he can't ate it back.
He has absolutely no power because dimwit, cantor, KY man, ms lindsay and others also don't have cojones to stand up to the party that is destroying the GOP.
Oh well. Wait until 2014 if the country goes over the cliff because they are going down with US!!
That what wrong with the Republican Party today, They are letting to many group of people that not elected to anything tell them want to do. Than they wonder why they can't win a election, and If they keep going the why they are now ,than In 2014 they will lose a lot of seat In the Senate and Congress. The American people are trying of this Crap that nothing Is getting done. Freedom works and Grover Norquist are not enough for you to keep your Jobs, Or didn't the American people show you Republican In this last election.
Cut the salaries and benefits to all Congress people.
@ name RJ
Please give examples of how the president is responsible for the money being spent! The last time I checked we were still paying bills from the last administration!
It is amazing that Boehner cannot see the obvious writing on the wall. HE IS FINISHED. Like McConnell, Prairiebus and a whole bunch of the rest of the old, irrelevant, white males, who make it totally impossible for the almost dead party ever
to win anything again.
(1.) – With Grover Norquist threatening to set up Herman Cain to primary against Georgia Republican Senator Saxby Chambliss, , , and;
(2.) – With Grover Norquist threatening to primary any Republican that supports any revenues to pay off the national debt, , , and;
(3.) – With "Tea Party iRobots" throwing out Moderate Republican Robots (like Indiana's Dick Lugar) for the slightest appearance of pragmatism . . .
(4.) – With Dick Armey being thrown out of an extreme-right organization that he started . .
. . . then all the signs appears be an oncoming Republican-internal-war that could engulf the nation and be dangerous for America.


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In court: Roger Pion found incompetent to stand trial
by Joseph Gresser
copyright the Chronicle 1-9-2013
NEWPORT — The trial of Roger Pion on charges related to the destruction of seven Orleans County police vehicles will not be going forward any time soon. Mr. Pion was found incompetent to aid in his own defense Tuesday after a hearing in the Orleans Criminal Division of Superior Court.
Both Mr. Pion's lawyer and the Orleans County State's Attorney agreed that his mental condition will not permit a trial, and Judge Howard VanBenthuysen agreed, scheduling a hospitalization hearing.
Mr. Pion was charged with driving a farm tractor over the sheriff's vehicles on August 2, 2012.
According to an affidavit from State Police Lieutenant Kirk Cooper, police heard on September 12 that the 34-year-old Newport resident was being "advised by the gods to start shooting people."
The information came secondhand from an acquaintance of Mr. Pion's, Lieutenant Cooper said. He said the man who actually heard this from Mr. Pion was reluctant to speak to the police because he feared it would jeopardize his employment, but was getting nervous about being around Mr. Pion because he seemed to be "going off the deep end again."
Lieutenant Cooper said he sent Trooper Debra Munson to speak with the man who first called them. He told Trooper Munson that he also didn't want to be involved, but that he didn't want to feel responsible in case somebody got hurt, Lieutenant Cooper said.
The friend told police that Mr. Pion told him about hearing voices and about a plan to run over sheriff's cruisers before the vehicles were destroyed on August 2. His friend was worried because he knew Mr. Pion was as good as his word, Lieutenant Cooper said.
Lieutenant Cooper said he got a call on September 12 from a Newport therapist, who said she had spoken with a member of Mr. Pion's family. The family member told the therapist that Mr. Pion planned to do something two days later at noon, Lieutenant Cooper said.
He said the therapist heard that Mr. Pion wouldn't say what he planned to do. The therapist said Mr. Pion was delusional and thought he had a camera in his eye, Lieutenant Cooper said.
Lieutenant Cooper said that he called Dr. Bernard Norman shortly after hearing from the therapist and told him what he had heard. On Thursday, September 13, Dr. Norman left a message saying that Mr. Pion had been seen by a psychiatrist who said he did not need to be hospitalized, Lieutenant Cooper said.
At the time, Judge VanBenthuysen ordered Mr. Pion to comply with required mental health treatment, but accepted the therapist's recommendation and did not revoke his $50,000 bail.
contact Joseph Gresser at [email protected]
For more free articles from the Chronicle like this one, see our Editor's Picks pages. For all the Chronicle's stories, pick up a print copy or subscribe, either for print or digital editions.


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Are you sick and tired of that whiny co-worker who doesn't own up to his or her own actions? Well, you're not alone – according to a new LinkedIn survey, those are two of the top pet peeves in offices around the world.
"In nearly every office, there's at least one co-worker whose quirks drive colleagues up the cubicle wall," LinkedIn Connection Director Nicole Williams said in a blog post.
In a poll of 17,000 professionals, the top five office pet peeves were:
1. People who don't take ownership of their actions. This was picked by 78 percent of the respondents.
2. "Negative Nellys" who constantly complain.
3. People who don't clean up after themselves when using the fridge, the microwave or other common areas.
4. Boring meetings that start late or go way too long.
5. People who "consistently seem to miss your email (you can only use the "it hit my Spam" excuse so many times)."
Pet peeves vary by countries. In the U.S., 65 percent said they were ticked off by co-workers who took food from the refrigerator that wasn't theirs. But in Japan, the top peeve (40 percent) was office pranks.
And 83 percent of Brazilians hated excessive gossiping, while in India, 74 percent griped about those irritating mobile phone ring tones.
And while 36 percent of those surveyed were irked by co-workers who wore clothing that was too revealing for the workplace, that wasn't as big a deal (19 percent) in Sweden. In the U.S., 62 percent of women complained about revealing clothing, but only 29 percent of men.
Of course, you could be the cause of the pet peeves and just don't know it. Williams said you should read the list to see if you're an offender, or, "if you're not sure, feel free to very delicately ask a trusted colleague for input. Just don't start to gossip about her if you don't like what you hear."


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You should see another blog of mine at https://gloriapoole.blogspot.com and the about me page on it.
Also please visit these other blogs of mine that are each different and that cover different topics of #art; #publichealth; #gospel; #gloriapoole; #gloria_poole; #prolife; #personhood:
and other sites and blogs of mine as well.
Copyright notice: 21 Dec 2014 at 7:00am. this blog and all content, all words, all photos, all art is owned by me, created by me Gloria Poole, and copyrighted to me. I, Gloria Poole, RN, artist of Missouri and Georgia own all rights to this blog and to all content of it. It may not be transferred to anyone anywhere whether as a whole or individually, nor may it have domains forwarded to it that do not belong to me, nor may it be reprinted, republished, downloaded, copied, printed, screen captured by anyone, photo-copied, in its entirety without my express written permission on paper that I signed and had notarized and dated for a specific one time use. Also, see all previous posts and other blogs of mine for copyright and disclosure information that is relevant to art and photos I have created in the past and displayed publicly. I am also known on the web and in real life as Gloria and as "Gloria Poole,RN,artist of Missouri and Georgia" since Gloria Poole is my real, born with and legal name; and on the web as : gloriapoole; gloria-poole; gloria.poole; artist-gloriapoole; gloriapoole.RN; gloriapoole_RN; gloriapoole-paintings; gloria0817; gpoole817; artist; "G-L-O-R-I-A"; artist-gloria; photo-by-gloriapoole; cartooning-by-gloriapoole; "Gloria J" ; gloriapoole1749; and other variations of my real name with or without numbers after my name and with or without abbreviations of my name; and with or without my professional designation as Registered Nurse. I am a white, Southern Baptist Christian, twice divorced woman who is the mother of two grown daughters named Jennifer and Leigh who are my only "children" and the grand-mother of 7 minor children. And I am also an artist in all mediums, writer, blogger, photographer, prolife activist, personhood promoter, publisher of sorts, website creator, educated U S citizen by birth in the state of Georgia.
/s/ Gloria Poole, at my own private apartment in Missouri, which is not shared with anyone; which means no one is authorized to log into any account of mine but me, on 26 Dec 2014 at 8:18am.


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Since gel wax is composed of 95% mineral oil and 5% polymer resin, the fragrance oils or scents that you select have to be soluble in this mixture. It is believed in the candle making industry that if you are working with gel wax, the scents you use have to be non-polar. This however, is simply not the case.
It is chemically impossible to make fragrance oils non-polar. This is because the aldehydes, ketones, resins, esters, and essential oils used in the creation of scents are all polar to some degree. Now, perfumists are able to keep the polarity low by using isopar solvents. But, in the end; every scent has some level of polarity to them. Fragrances can NEVER be NON polar, there will always be varying levels of polarity in fragrance.
In order for fragrance oils to work in gel wax, they need to be on the lesser end of being polar. By lowering the polarity, fragrances are more readily able to be mixed with the mineral oil of gel wax. But, before using a fragrance oil that you are not sure is gel safe; there are two steps you can take to find out.
Gel Wax and Scent Flashpoint–
In order for a scent to be gel wax compatible, the flashpoint of the fragrance must be 170 degrees or higher. This degree of flashpoint is important because gel wax burns at a higher temperature. Using a scent with a flashpoint lower than 170 degrees Fahrenheit results in too big of a difference in your melt point and flashpoint; this makes for an unstable and unsafe candle.
You can easily check the flashpoint for every fragrance oil that Natures Garden carries in the Important Fragrance Specifics listed under each scent.
Mineral Oil Miscibility Test-
If you need to test that a fragrance oil is gel wax safe, you can easily do so. This test is called the mineral oil miscibility test. To test for gel wax solubility mix 1 part fragrance to 3 parts mineral oil in a glass container. Then, give the mixture a shake and set it down. After a few minutes, check the mixture to see if it blended.
Next, in a glass container, mix 3 parts fragrance oil to 1 part mineral oil. Give the container a shake and once again allow it to sit. After a few minutes, check to see if the mixture is thoroughly blended.
If you notice the mixture is insoluble or has any cloudiness in the solution, the fragrance is not gel safe. If the mixture is transparent and dissolved, the fragrance oil is gel wax compatible.
If you are interested in making the gel wax wine candles pictured in this blog post, please click here. View this recipe plus many more by looking at the Free Recipes and Classes area of the Natures Garden website.


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All documents shown here are included in the seminar for instant download
Edwin Rivera
Data Integrity and Fraud - An Other looming Crisis
Steve Wilson:
FDA Regulatory Perspective on Data integrity
Warning letters and Inspectional observations related to raw data and other
electronic records
This seminar has been recorded and is
available on CD and for instant download. All reference material as
listed below and more is available on a special seminar website. The
website is regularly updated with most recent information. In case
there are questions related to the topic, they can be submitted
through a web form and will be answered by the speaker. For ordering
click here
To share this seminar info with your colleagues,
click here.
So far we have received very positive
feedback from attendees of Ludwig Huber's seminars on FDA
Part 11 inspections, to see the
click here.
Ensuring Data Integrity for FDA/EU
Comply with FDA Part 11 and EU/PICS Annex
11 for paper, electronic and hybrid records
Recorded, available with all reference material
at any time
FDA has found and reported about multiple cases where companies manipulated
electronic records. Since then FDA inspectors have focused inspections on
security, availability, accuracy and integrity of 'complete' records. FDA has
trained inspectors to identify data falsification and recommended the same to
industry QA departments and auditors. Just in the last three years FDA issued
many warning letters and 483 form inspectional observations related to
electronic records. The industry is unsure how to comply with FDA inspection
Answers will be presented by Dr. Ludwig Huber in a new
interactive audio seminar. During the seminar, the speaker will
present strategies and give practical recommendations and case
studies. After the seminar, an extensive list of reference material
like SOPs, worksheets, templates and examples will help immediate
and cost effective implementation of the principles and strategies.
Recorded seminar, available at any time with all reference
Pick one of the options in the table that fits your needs.
Recorded seminar -
Web Download
Recorded seminar -
Special offer for
Labcompliance Usersclub Members
Recorded Seminar- CD or Web download.
click here
Online audio seminars are
presented over the phone. During the live presentation attendees
Dr. Ludwig Huber is the editor and author of Labcompliance. He has been
conducting over 300 web and audio or video based seminars since 15 years and and
he has given multiple presentations mainly on GLP/GMP, 21 CFR Part 11 and
Validation around the world. This included seminars, workshops and presentations
for the US FDA, SFDA, KFDA, HSA, ISPE, PDA, PIC/S and several national health
Dr. Huber has published several books related to validation and
compliance, for example: Validation of Computerized Analytical and
Networked Systems. He was or still is a member of several
committees, e.g., of the GAMP® Special
interest group (SIG) on Laboratory Computers, PDA Part 11 task
force, IVT task force on network infrastructure qualification and
the European Compliance Academy. He frequently visited FDA in
Rockville, VA, and participated in panel discussions with FDA
professionals. For feedback from attendees of seminars and for
other information on Dr. Ludwig Huber,
click here.
The Feedbacks on the seminar
has been received by e-mails. Labcompliance has permission to use
the testimonials as references. Original e-mails are stored in the
Labcompliance archive.


text:
Large Monkey Print Leather Grace Bag
€1,250.00 €1,250.00
All orders will be fulfilled by Burberry Limited and shipped from the UK. When you place your order, you accept Burberry's Terms and Conditions and confirm that you have read our Privacy Policy.
Size Guide
Use the Size Guide to choose the best fit for your measurements.
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- A boxy bag in smooth Italian-tanned leather, digitally printed with a troop of monkeys inspired by an antique illustration. The design is accented with our Horseferry print and polished chain detailing. Wear on the shoulder or detach the strap to carry as a clutch.
- 26 x 7.5 x 20.5cm/10.2 x 3 x 8.1in
- Min. shoulder strap drop: 20cm/7.9in
- Max. shoulder strap drop: 30cm/11.8in
- Outer: 100% calf leather
- Trim: 100% calf leather
- Lining: 100% lambskin
- Detachable, adjustable shoulder strap
- One interior slip pocket
- Foldover top with magnetic closure
- Hand-painted edges
- Polished metal hardware
- Embossed Burberry lettering at front
- Made in Italy
Item 80281721


text:
I write this article with a bit of shame from behind my Macbook and my iPhone resting close by. Like any other modern citizen, I use my fair share of electronics from computers to mp3 players and even a smart phone. And as a labor conscious and environmentally aware consumer I tend to support companies who meet my ethics. Unfortunately, the electronics industry is seriously lacking in both fields. One of the great offenders happens to be one of the highest grossing electronic companies: Apple Inc.
The past few weeks have been a big disappointment for caring Apple customers. It begun a few weeks ago, during a shareholders meeting, Corporate and shareholders rejected new environmental standards. They voted against proposals which would have required Apple to provide a detailed environmental sustainability report and create a board committee focused on sustainability. Apple claims they are already taking motions to secure environmental sustainability of their products, however, have not given details.
The company also has been threatening a patent war with other smart phone creators such as Google and Samsung. Yesterday they started with a new and small company HTC, suing them for infringement on their patents. All other companies with similar phones to the iPhone, have been shot with warnings about being sued. Although, this seems like business as usual in the US, the patent war may reduce the competition in the smart phone world, which means less choices for consumers and bigger bucks for the Apple Corporation, who in the midst of a recession is not hurting one bit.
But the worst news coming out of Apple are the Labor Audit Reports released this week. Like most electronic companies, Apple outsources most of their manufacturing to many countries including China, Taiwan, Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Czech Republic. The reports don't name specific violations for each factory but there were 17 major labor violations including children working in the factories, workers on the job for more than 60 hours a week, workers paid under minimum wage, and lack of environmental permits. The report shows that a total of 11 workers were found to be underage and a total of 57% of their factories do not comply with safety standards to protect their workers. Although, Apple released the reports to the public themselves and have promised to be working on these violations, it still doesn't take away the fact that they exist. We all know how horrible sweatshops and child labor can be, in fact I spend many hours of my life trying to combat such violations. This report which details all violations is not only a surprise to me as a consumer but a disappointment. These types of abuses are inexcusable and abhorrent; something simply must be done!
But what can we do? The easiest answer is to boycott a company with such labor violations. However, with the electronics industry, we, the consumers have little choice. Most electronic and computer companies continue to source their manufacturing overseas in questionable factories. In fact, the International Labor Rights Forum has done some investigating into some of the sourcing for electronics and has found nothing to be happy about. It seems this industry is full of labor and environmental mishaps. Good news is, there are people beginning to fight it. ILRF has begun to demand transparency within the industry and an organization called Good Electronics monitors electronic companies and sends out appeals. You can even check how your favored company matches up.
So if an outright boycott is out the door, what options do you have? You can purchase your electronics refurbished or used, so that your dollars aren't going straight to the pockets of industry giants such as Apple. But if used electronics makes you nervous you can demand accountability and transparency from these companies. Contact them directly and let them know how you feel about labor rights and environmental standards. Let's stand up together against this industry, because in the way of this modern world their products are a unfortunately or not a necessity. Let's demand the companies be more responsible and you can start by letting Apple know you think their labor and environmental choices are a bad apple!
-Gina Williams


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Is Christina Ricci Taller Than Sarah Sutton?
Who is taller?!
Christina Ricci is shorter than Sarah Sutton by 1cm.
That's roughly 0 inches or 0.01 metres.
Have a look at Christina Ricci's and Sarah Sutton's pages to see some more information about their heights and names.
You can also check your height against theirs and see how you compare.


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Congratulations Lilo on being Cat of the Day. You sure are pretty with your varying colours.
Yes, one of my favourite sports is sleeping too. I like the way you challenge your human parents for different food every day. Keep them on their toes!
Have a wonderful day Lilo. You are now an international star.
COTD 1 March 2014


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A new scholarship program will help students feel the impact of private donors' generosity more quickly.
The Early Impact Program, which launched July 1, and is in effect until June 30, 2014, seeks to make a more immediate impact on students with money that is donated to PSU as an endowed scholarship. During the program, any endowed scholarships of $25,000 or more will begin paying out as student scholarships during the next academic year.
Traditionally, endowed scholarships take at least one year to accrue earnings sufficient to award. Under this program, however, the PSU Foundation will "pay ahead" scholarships for any new endowment at the $25,000 level or above through fiscal year 2018. This will allow the donor's gift to have an immediate impact on students.
"The goal of this program is for students to feel the full impact of our donors' generosity as the scholarships develop," Kathleen Flannery, PSU's director of development, said. "It's really a win-win for the students and the donors. The students are touched right away through scholarship money, and the donors get to see right away the impact they have on the students' lives."
The Early Impact Program is part of the university's Pathways to PSU Scholarship Campaign, a three-year effort to raise at least $12 million for student scholarships. This year marks the final year of the Pathways campaign. Flannery said the university is "more than halfway to its goal."
"We are extremely pleased by and grateful for the success so far of the Pathways campaign," Flannery said. "We have passed the halfway mark of our fundraising goal, but there is still a lot of work to be done. With declining state funding for higher education, the need for student scholarships continues to increase. It's very important that we not only reach our goal of $12 million, but that we exceed it and continue to grow our scholarship fund."
Flannery said she also hopes the Pathways campaign raises awareness about the importance of endowments, which affect the university and its students in a variety of ways.
"Endowments enable the university to make commitments far into the future, knowing the resources to meet these commitments will continue to be available," she said. "They are vital to our ability to provide scholarships to students now and in the years to come. It is also an opportunity for donors to create a legacy by naming a scholarship in honor or memory of a loved one."
As with every scholarship, Flannery said, each endowment is created according to the donors' intentions. A scholarship can address student financial need, recognize academic achievement or honor a PSU student who is enrolled in a specific degree program.
In 2012, more $3 million in scholarships were awarded to PSU students. With the changing environment surrounding funding for higher education, future needs for scholarship funds will be even greater.
"We were very proud to award more $3 million in 2012," Flannery said, "but even that amount doesn't quite meet the needs of our students. We need to continue to raise even more scholarship funds so that we can get closer to meeting all of the needs of our students. Students are at the heart of everything we do, and we will always strive to support them in every way we can."
For information on how to give to PSU, visit www.pittstate.edu/office/development.
A new scholarship program will help students feel the impact of private donors' generosity more quickly.


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Interestingly, a question used by Fulwider & Saferstein (2006) and included in our survey implies that describing Wary Guerrillas as a Wary Cooperator subtype may be inaccurate. In the question, a player is asked to cooperate to a public goods game after several other players have made a large contribution. Surprisingly, Wary Guerrillas tended to be free-riding Egoists in the first round of the public good game.
A generalized guerrilla category was defined to include both wary guerrillas and other guerillas, ie those players who accepted the unfair split and then turned around and punished anyway. Indeed, such a technique slightly improves the beta finding that the Wary Guerrillas are biased towards Egoism. This definition of Guerrillas would give us 14 Republican Guerrillas, 8 Democratic Guerrillas, and 6 Independent Guerrillas.
However, no matter how tempting it would be to cite this as evidence that human beings are irrational "adaptation executers†rather than "utility maximizers†(see Buss, 1995; Tooby & Cosmides, 1990), such a definition loses all predictive power. Consider the other variables identified with the Wary Guerrilla Type: Monism, belief in an Eternal Code, Hard Work, Carefulness, Kindness, and Political Party:
While all of these are correlated to Wary Guerrillaism as originally operationalized, only monism is still correlated with the generalized guerrilla type. Even more interestingly, when the effect of personality on Wary Guerrillas is analyzed, using a short Big 5 personality scale, (Gosling, Rentfrow, & Swann, 2003; Whitacker, 2006 ) the Wary Guerrilla is associated with different personality types than the 'Other' Guerrilla. Meanwhile the Other Guerrilla is only significantly associated with Openness with an R2 of .043. The only personality trait outside of Agreeableness and Openness that a generalized "Guerrilla†category was (barely) related to on the personality factors was neuroticism, with a negligible R2 of .022.
The Wary Guerrilla, a tdaxp series
1. Abstract
2. Terrorism
3. Predictions
4. An Experiment
5. Results
6. Absolute Guerrilla
7. Those Who Cause Less Pain
8. Future Research
9. Political Implications
10. Bibliography


text:
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Regular price
Wish that special someone a very happy birthday with our Happy Birthday Candles! With one for Mom, Dad, Grandparents, siblings & significant others, they're short, sweet & to the point -- have an awesome birthday!
We're always adding to our Happy Birthday Candles, so check back often!
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