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IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society History
Creating a New Society
On 21 June 2003, the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), through its Technical Activities Board (TAB), voted to create a new professional society, Product Safety Engineering. TAB is the functional operations unit that oversees activities of all Societies and Councils, including Division Directors and liaisons from other entities within IEEE. The Product Safety Engineering Society (PSES) becomes Society number 38 or S43.
The difference between a Society and Council is significant. A Society has dues paying members that receive benefits from membership. A Council has no dues paying members. Councils consist of two or more Societies with a common interest. Those Societies that wish to join a Council send a liaison to sit on the Council's Board of Directors.
This article describes the effort required to attain IEEE society status, define various acronyms commonly heard, and to detail years of service to the product safety community through a newsletter, on-line web resources, and professional development through ad hoc chapters. The basic organization that started this process became unprecedented in size, constituency and lifespan. Its vitality was never taken for granted by those familiar with other organizational attempting to create a forum for safety engineers. Our history indicates there always has been a need for a professional association.
The Need for a Safety Organization
The need for a safety organization originally arose because of service-oriented issues with the Canadian Standards Association (CSA). In the winter of 1985, Richard Pescatore of Hewlett Packard in Cupertino, California, started action to resolve problems in receiving CSA approvals on HP products. Soon afterwards, engineers from local companies decided to form a joint industry-based organization with similar goals, since many were having the same problem in getting CSA approvals. They called themselves the CSA Users' Group (CSAUG).
Word of this group quickly spread among more safety engineers through personal contact, especially with help of UL (Underwriters Laboratories) engineers, taking a stab at their friendly neighbor north of the border since their title was the "CSA" User's Group. Around 1987, this group shifted its focus from CSA service concerns to general technical issues in an attempt to move a "bitch group" to a higher level and to address professional topics of concern. Participants decided not to target any specific agency or standard. The primary focus at that time was for those working in the IT Industry, which included UL, VDE, and other safety organizations worldwide. Trying to get any product safety approved using UL 114/478, CSA C22.2-No. 154/220, IEC 380/435, VDE 0875, etc., was becoming more difficult to achieve because of lack of harmonization.
The CSA User's Group members discussed which organization to align with to bring legitimacy to this ad hoc group of engineers. They wanted CSA to it recognize it as an industrial society and not merely a small group of angry manufacturers. After much discussion, it was decided to pursue an association with the IEEE because of its international standing as a professional engineering association and not simply a trade group.
The net result of this organization allowed for:
- Turning an unsatisfactory situation with CSA into a positive one.
- Becoming a valuable resource for information and advice on product safety when none had existed, especially with the numerous non-harmonized safety standards in use at the time.
- Providing a newsletter to help fellow engineers learn about safety issues, technical problems, and to provide solutions.
- Increasing communication between engineers (both industry and agencies) involved with product safety for better and more consistent application of the requirements.
- Giving product safety engineers a place to meet other engineers with similar professional interests.
Chronological history
To best describe the history of the CSA User's Group, its transformation into the Product Safety Society, the Product Safety Technical Committee of the EMC Society, Product Safety Committee (temporary) and finally the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society, a bulleted chronology is utilized. Following the chronology are details about the Product Safety Newsletter (paper version), followed by a description of the virtual community that is in existence today.
Information and accuracy is based on input from the founders of this organization and archives of the Product Safety Newsletter, paper edition.
- December 1985. Disgruntled product safety (and EMC) engineers were popping up all over Silicon Valley to address problems they were having with CSA in trying to understand special requirements of this agency. Standards or procedures related to testing, report generation, follow-up service, and the like, were different from those used by UL and European safety test agencies. CSA appeared to interpret safety requirements that placed a significant burden on manufacturers and that lacked consistency within the IT industry. This frustration maximized in the winter of 1985 when Richard Pescatore at Hewlett Packard called a meeting with safety engineers from other companies. It was time to take action. Those who attended this meeting included Mario Gomez, John McBain, Roger Volgstadt, Ken Warwick, Dave Adams, Brian Claes, Dave Hanttula, and Lee Ould Jr., along with others whose names have been lost to history.
- Early 1986. CSA was invited to HP Palo Alto, California in an attempt to address service concerns.
- Mid 1986. The Product Safety Manager at Apple Computer (Mario Gomez) volunteered to host a lunch meeting. Problems were discussed and ideas brainstormed. The consensus was that a letter be written and sent to CSA from the perspective of a concerned industry organization and not just one company. Richard Pescatore wrote the letter. The attendees decided to call themselves the "CSA User's Group."
- Early 1987. A working group was developed, gaining members from the San Francisco Bay area. The founders of this ad hoc group observed significant interest among engineers active in product safety approvals.
- Mid 1987. It was decided to evolve this growing User's group into a formal organization, possibly going professional. To help facilitate communication among engineers, local chapters were formed. In the spring of 1987, the CSA User's Group expanded to become the San Francisco Bay Area CSA User's Group.
- October 1987. The CSA Users Group evolved into the Product Safety Society, an organization for product safety professionals without an official umbrella organization to support this operation. Becoming affiliated with the IEEE was a dream in the eyes of the founders.
- December 1987. The first technical meeting of the Product Safety Society was held in Cupertino, California at Apple Computer. Letters were sent outside the SF Bay Area to safety engineers (friends) describing the need to create local chapters.
- February 1988. The first issue of the Product Safety Newsletter (PSN) was released (detailed in the next section). Circulation grew to 800 in the course of a year. The following month, in Issue 2 of PSN, a petition to the IEEE to create a new society was included along with a Charter and Strategy statement.
- March 1988. A second chapter was formed in the Pacific Northwest shortly after Santa Clara's became established, the first chapter. Chapters also formed a few months later in Denver (Steve Tarket), Southern California (Charlie Bayhi), and New England (Boston–Jim Norgaard). [Note: The New England chapter of the Product Safety Society evolved to become the Northeast Product Safety Society (NPSS) and decided to operate separately from sister chapters. NPSS still exists as an outstanding organization, deciding to become a chapter of PSES in 2005. They continue to have significant membership, monthly meetings, a vendor night, and hosting technical programs].
- May 1988. Within 2 months, over 120 signatures were collected on the petition. IEEE rules required only 100 to become a society. IEEE was officially contacted regarding formation of a Society (PSN, Vol. 1, No 3). Upon recommendation from IEEE TAB, we were advised to align ourselves with an IEEE Society to gain knowledge and experience as an IEEE entity. It was decided the EMC Society would be the society of choice because of the close working relationship between product safety and EMC engineers. There were now four active chapters nationwide up and running with monthly meetings.
- August 1, 1988. Richard Pescatore met with the IEEE EMC Society Board to Directors in an effort to become a Technical Committee. At that time, the process to becoming an IEEE Society was to be a Technical Committee of a Society, evolve into a Technical Council (gather support from other societies and critical mass), and then petition to become a Society after years of existence as a viable entity within the IEEE infrastructure. The EMC BOD voted to create TC-8, Electromagnetic Product Safety. This was the first step to becoming a society with Rich the first Chairman. The name "Product Safety Society" officially died and was replaced unofficially with Product Safety Technical Committee (PSTC). At this point of time, there was no differentiation between TC-8 and PSTC, which was later (1994) to become a major point of discussion over levels of responsibility and our future existence.
- January 1989. TC-8 begins operation. Members of the first board were Richard Pescatore/Chairman, Jim Norgaard/Vice Chairman, John McBain/Secretary-Treasurer, Tania Grant/Standards Committee, Mike Harris/Paper Review, Roger Volgstadt/Communications.
- 1990. First participation with a Safety Workshop at the IEEE EMC Symposium (Mark Montrose was the first Symposium Chair of TC-8 and stayed in this position for nearly 10 years).
- 1991. New officers of TC-8 were elected. Brian Claes becomes Chairman.
- 1991-1998. Under Brian's leadership, the focus on TC-8 was to achieve critical mass and establish itself as a viable entity within IEEE.
- 1994. The IEEE (through TAB) was approached by members of TC-8/PSTC regarding creation of a Technical Council or Society on Product Safety. Because of administrative issues, i.e., lack of critical mass, no financial level of support, lack of publications, no conferences, etc., we were told to meet the minimal requirements for recognition by IEEE and come back in the future. It typically takes 3-5 years from this first introduction to establish a Technical Committee/Council in a manner that would be accepted by the IEEE as a Society.
- 1994. A significant development between EMC and TC-8 occurred. Because of TC-8's discussions with IEEE earlier in the year, officers of EMC learned details about how its Technical Committee was operating as a dual-function unit (that is, both as a standard technical committee and as a group that had local meetings and a newsletter). This caused concern that was unpleasant to the EMC leadership. Something had to be done to separate the functions of a Technical Committee (TC-8) from that of PSTC. As reported by Brian Claes in PSN, Vol. 8, No. 1 (January-February 1995), "The existence of PSTC will cease to exist. For the last six years we have formally existed as a technical committee of the EMC Society but in reality have functioned more as an IEEE society. The EMC Society leadership in the past has been very tolerant in allowing us the freedom to function as we have; however; there has been a change of [EMC] leadership and TC-8 has been directed to reform itself to function as a traditional technical committee. TC-8's scope will be restricted to electromagnetic safety and all participants must be members of IEEE's EMC Society." PSTC was operating as a (non-existent) society and not as a Technical Committee under TC-8, with bank accounts, chapters, newsletters, etc. This was against IEEE's policies and procedure, as Technical Committees can have none of these attributes. By charter, a Technical Committee within a society has only 4-6 core members, no more. By agreement between officers of TC-8/PSTC and the President of EMC, Warren Kesselman, PSTC was redefined as the Product Safety Working Group (PSWG) under the supervision of TC-8, thus legitimizing PSTC as a sub-entity under TC-8 without official affiliation to EMC. This newly re-defined ad hoc group of engineers numbered over 1,000 and was nicknamed "the blob." The acronym PSWG never caught on, and PSTC remained the preferred name of this group.
- December 1994. The e-mail list server "email@example.com" began with a very limited distribution. The system administrators were safety engineers and members of PSTC, not EMC.
- 1995. TC-8 reorganized itself to function per the charter of EMC, which was to focus on Symposium activities and technical paper reviews. PSTC aspects of TC-8 went into a holding pattern that lasted five years, with the loss of official support from the EMC Society to organize itself into a functional entity. Three choices were presented to the membership of PSTC (via) PSN for a vote; (1) Reform as an independent product safety society, (2) Reform as an IEEE Technical Council, (3) Align with the IEEE Environmental Health and Safety Committee. It was by majority vote of PSTC members to continue some form of affiliation with the IEEE, or with another organization.
- 1998-2000. Murlin Marks was elected chairman of TC-8. Work continued on establishing critical mass of PSTC and researching appropriate means of evolution, all while maintaining TC-8 per its charter by
the EMC Society. PSTC remained an unofficial working group under TC-8, with frustration by many who worked hard to create this organization.
- 2000-2002. Jack Burns was elected chairman of TC-8. Jack took the helm in putting together a team of dedicated individuals to re-kindle the flames previously created by Rich Pescatore. Since the officers of TC-8 and PSTC were the same, a steering committee was established to re-investigate becoming an IEEE Society or Technical Council. The primary members of this committee were Jack Burns, Daniece Carpenter and Mark Montrose (now a member of the Board of Directors of the EMC Society in addition to having been a member and officer of TC-8 and PSTC for nearly 10 years).
- 2000. Mark Montrose was directed by the EMC Society's BOD to spin-off PSWG from TC-8. Times had changed. It was now the desire of the board to help PSWG/PSTC become an autonomous Council or Society within IEEE (i.e., dissolve the 1000+ members of PSWG), as EMC was unable to support a working group of this size under TC-8.
- February 2002. The TC-8 steering committee members formally organized themselves with a business plan. Jack Burns and Daniece Carpenter (co-chairs) and Mark Montrose (committee member) approached IEEE TAB in Phoenix, Arizone, and presented a proposal to create a new Society to the 51 members of TAB. A motion was approved to create, in principal, a Product Safety Committee (PSC) to develop the infrastructure and administrative issues to become a society. TAB provided financial assistance to help this committee advance to Stage 2. The life span of PSC was to be short lived; dissolved voluntarily or upon the ultimate creation of a Society or Council within IEEE.
- February 2003. Jack, Daniece and Mark appeared before TAB for a second time, one-year later. The business plan had been rewritten, a financial budget developed, bylaws and constitution created, and other logistics worked on in this year time-period. Underwriters Laboratories provided a grant of USD $25,000 to help fund this new society, courtesy of Kevin Ravo (UL-Santa Clara). It had been nearly 20 years since a Technical Committee approached TAB to become a Society (Society on Social Implications of Technology) and TAB had "no idea how to create a society from a technical committee, or from scratch!" For years, only Technical Councils could become Societies. Presidents of several Councils that eventually evolved into a Society fought against PSC since "they had to go through the Council route first." Additional homework and political negotiations were required, among other administrative logistics. The vote to continue for three more months on the development of a new society by the PSC was approved by a narrow margin of 27-22.
- June 2003. After much work in only three months, Jack, Daniece and Mark appeared before TAB for one last time. All necessary concerns were addressed in writing and the presentation was polished. This time, PSC was able to achieve a unanimous vote of TAB to create a new society beginning 1 January 2004. One key issue for approval was to change the name of the society from Product Safety to Product Safety Engineering.
- November 2003. The initial Board of Directors of the new Product Safety Engineering Society (PSES) had to be approved by TAB management, since the society had no members to elect officers. The first BOD is by appointment from the Vice President of TAB (a member of the BOD of IEEE), based on recommendation from PSC and the Presidents of various Societies within TAB.
- January 1, 2004. A new society begins operation. The acronym PSTC "officially" dies as of this date, to be replaced by PSES.
Through the 1990's, the PSTC/PSWG was an anomaly from IEEE's perspective. Both parties benefited during our awkward relationship. We were very large from the beginning, and quickly became larger than some IEEE societies. We followed a natural and instinctive growth path in order to meet pent-up needs and so functioned like a society in many ways. In spite of the structural adjustments we had to make, we kept our focus primarily on directly serving the product safety professional, even if it was as a dual personality organization.
The Product Safety Newsletter
Spurred on by the success of local groups and interested engineers in promoting the field of product safety, John McBain, Ken Warwick and Roger Volgstadt met and expressed interest in writing a newsletter. Since John and Ken already were involved in other duties with the group, Roger drew the short straw and became its editor. The first issue (Volume 1, No. 1) was mailed out in February of 1988 (dated March 1988) and included a Chairman's Message and Chapter Activity reports. The second issue has a column created by Rich Nute called Technically Speaking. This column clearly became the main reason why people wanted to get on the mailing list.
In June of 1996 (nearly 10 years later), the PSN staff realized that the effort to create a print copy newsletter required a significant amount of time, energy, effort and money. With a tiring staff and shortage of income from Institutional Listings, a decision to stop mailing hard copies and start a web-based publication was made, based on surveys in the PSN on what type of services readers desired. It became apparent that a list server, or email forum was the item of interest most sought after by readers. The last paper edition published was Vol. 11, No.1, January-March, 1998.
In December 1994, the list server "EMC-PSTC" began operation. Notification of a virtual email community was sent to as many relevant e-mail addresses as Roger Volgstadt had from his days as editor of the paper edition of the Newsletter. This email forum was not designed to replace the newsletter, but was created to provide a service for safety engineers similar to what another list server provided in the field of telecom "TREG" (telecommunication regulations - firstname.lastname@example.com).
The only entity that could provide necessary list server functions was the IEEE. In 1994, email was still new and chat rooms rare. After a few weeks of phone messages to the IEEE, a new administrator volunteered to take on the assignment of creating a virtual community and was able to formalize development of "email@example.com," along with a list of guidelines and option details. Using the guidelines that the list server TREG had as a template, a similar guideline was created for "EMC-PSTC."
Roger Volgstadt served as the first administrator of "EMC-PSTC" for about a year before retiring. He spent nearly 10-years as Editor-in-Chief of PSN and the first list server administrator. Rich Nute and Ed Price, along with a few other volunteers were gracious enough to take over the administrative needs of the list sever, handling behind-the-scene activities that continue to this day. The forum quickly became a popular tool for asking questions and sharing information among the product safety community, as well as the EMC community. It is amazing to see how a simple idea, at the right time in the evolution of technology, has benefited so many people.
During Roger's term as PSN Editor, there was wonderful support from a variety of authors including Pete Perkins, Lal Bahra, Paul Hill and Rich Nute. In the paper version of the Newsletter, there was a tongue-in-cheek series called "Ask Dr. Z" (a.k.a. Dave Adams). For awhile the PSN had cartoons from Richard Tennant ("The 5th Wave"). The following did yeomen's duties behind the scenes for a number of years to see that the publication was successful: Ken Warwick, John McBain, Dave Lorusso, Brian Claes and Ron Baugh. The PSN paper version grew from small monthly issues to a quarterly circulation of over 1300 people at its peak, with a lot of pages to collate and stamps to lick four times a year.
By this time, the newsletter became difficult to create because of the massive amount of labor to produce it and a tired, weary staff. With the interest of members wanting to go virtual, seeking greater depth of information, it became apparent that the safety profession would greatly benefit from a more formal structure. As a result, a web based virtual community, hosted by IEEE within a year after the email reflector started, replaced the paper edition of the newsletter. This virtual community was a concept-based project within IEEE to see if what we wanted to achieve was possible. This led us into the creation of our now formal virtual community.
Recognition should be given to the following companies that helped support this group in its first years of existence: Apple Computer and Hewlett Packard (publication support/meeting rooms), Tandem Computers (publishing support), and Applied Materials (meeting rooms).
Creation of a Formal Virtual Community/Society
In 2001, PSTC (Rich Nute and Jim Bacher) established the formal Product Safety Virtual Community using a software vendor the IEEE provided (http://ieeepstc.mindcruiser.com/). During IEEE's early attempt to establish a prototype virtual community, PSTC, the "EMC-PSTC" list server was utilized to beta test new software. The vendor Mindcruiser was eventually sold to another company. After the sale, the new organization failed to properly support and resolve issues that developed. As a result, IEEE changed software providers and we moved to http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc at the start of 2003. The email list server remains the most active part of PSES.
As a benefit of IEEE Society membership, the BOD of PSES decided to become a virtual community (saves money and allows for faster, more professional means of operation). Once entering the "www.ieee-pses.org" web site, a member only section is found. Using ones' IEEE membership number and a password, members of PSES will have exclusive access to a Transactions/Journal, technical papers, conference records, goods and services, and other benefits that will be offered to members. Non-society members will have access only to the upper portion of the Society web page and unlimited access to the list server.
Since creation of PSES by TAB, support has been received from other Societies that wish to establish cooperative relations for conference sharing, publications and other items of interest to the product safety engineering community worldwide.
The First Five Years - The Beginning of a New IEEESociety
Creating a new Society within the IEEE took many years of hard work with a team of dedicated engineers and interested parties. Once created, the real work began. Creating a Society was a challenge, but we never realized the magnitude of work that would be required to kick-start the Society into operation.
The first Board of Directors meeting was held at Dell Computer, Austin, Texas. Per the Bylaws, the Administrative Committee (ADCOM) was to consist of six experienced directors or board members from other Societies within the IEEE, appointed by the Division Directors Forum (Division Directors sit on the Board of Directors of the IEEE), and six members appointed by the Product Safety steering committee which created the Society through the IEEE Technical Activities Board (TAB).
Unfortunately, only one experienced director showed up. The six safety volunteers (appointees) had no experience or knowledge in IEEE administration. This left us to figure out how to create an ADCOM to the new Society's president, Mark Montrose, who had been appointed to the position by the president of the IEEE and its Board of Directors. Henry Benitez was appointed president-elect of the Society at this first meeting. Both the president and the president-elect were sitting members of the IEEE EMC Society and thus had some fundamental knowledge of IEEE ADCOM experience at the Society level.
The first action item (using a bottle of water as the gavel) was to figure out who would assume the offices of vice-president (there are four VPs in the Society), as well as term limits of one, two or three years until a complete elected board had been established by the membership, per our transitional bylaws. When there were two volunteers for a position, the decision on who got the job was settle using that time-honored decision breaking protocol; rock, paper, scissors. In fact, at our first meeting, we had no idea if we had any members or not! It would be a year before we learned how many joined this new Society in its first year of existence.
Once the ADCOM was established with senior leadership (Executive Committee, EXCOM, i.e., the president, president-elect, vice-presidents, secretary and treasurer), we had to figure out the task assignment of each office and discuss how to develop an infrastructure that would provide benefit to Society members, which were very few due to minimal marketing of our new Society by IEEE. That's because we were the first new Society to be established from a Technical Committee in nearly 20 years, and our business model did not fit into the realm of typical marketing and merchandising normally performed when a Council was created.
A "Council" is similar to a "Society," except that Council members are Societies with an affinity for a particular "field of interest," but have no direct or individual members. IEEE had only listed us in their membership renewal brochure, and had not issued a press release. That made our new Society the best kept secret within the IEEE, a Society that nobody in the world knew about because IEEE did not know how to announce us. This, despite our having made representations to the senior management at the IEEE that our new Society would one day have over 1,500 members!
We started out with a $25,000 grant from Underwriters Laboratories, no publication, no newsletter, no conferences, no chapters, no infrastructure, no policies nor procedures, no history, and no gavel. Essentially, we got to create our destiny with a clean sheet of paper. This is what some call having fun!
The Annual Symposium
The biggest concern for the Board was figuring out how to establish benefits that would make product safety engineers want to join a new Society that had nothing to offer except the prestige of being a charter member. So it was decided to hold a Product Safety Engineering Symposium in the very first year of the Society's existence. Henry Benitez was named to chair the symposium. Benitez formed a committee with Richard Nute as technical program chair, Richard Georgerian as vice-chair, and Daniel Arnold as treasurer. That group, along with an abundance of inexperienced but enthusiastic volunteers, succeeded in putting on a very successful Symposium in record time.
The Symposium was held in Santa Clara, CA as a follow-on to the IEEE EMC Symposium. Santa Clara seemed to be the perfect place for our new Society's first Symposium, as that is where the Society got its start in the late 1980s. It also allowed the new Product Safety Engineering Society (PSES) to attract EMC members who were attending the EMC Symposium and who were also interested in product safety.
Rich Nute did a stellar job putting together the technical program. With such a wealth of product safety information and no prior forum for sharing, the technical program was overwhelming. Exhibits were open throughout the Symposium, although they looked like a ghost town during the technical sessions. Subsequent conferences were restructured so that the exhibit hall was open only during breaks and lunch, permitting vendors to attend paper sessions.
In 2004, one of the first action items for the PSES Board of Directors was to create a logo. Accordingly, a contest was held, with the members of the Society choosing our logo from numerous entries received. The winning logo was presented at the 2004 Symposium, submitted by a team of safety engineers from Siemic, located in China. This showed the IEEE and the IEEE TAB that the PSES was an international society from the beginning.
In 2005, our second Symposium was held in Chicago, IL, and was co-chaired by Richard Georgerian and Ken Thomas. This gave us very little time to implement the lessons that we learned from our first Symposium. In 2006, the Symposium was held in Irvine, California with co-chairs Richard Georgerian and Bansi Patel. (We found out again the hard way that California does not rebate sales taxes to non–profits, resulting in a financial loss for the Society and the Symposium.) In 2007, the Symposium was in Longmount, CO, with Richard Georgerian and Bansi Patel once again co-chairing the event.
The 2008 Symposium will be in Austin, TX, and will be expanded by half a day to 2-1/2 days to accommodate the desires of attendees and the increase in the number of paper submittals. For 2009, the Society is traveling to Toronto, Canada in an effort to expand beyond the United States. As for future Symposia, we hope to hold one in Taiwan within the next few years.
For many years, product safety engineers had to attend other conferences containing one or two sessions on product safety in workshop or tutorial format. Through our annual Symposia, the IEEE PSES now provides to product safety engineers excellent and high-quality, professionally-concentrated safety technical sessions. However, it may take a few years to have members and other product safety engineers realize there is an IEEE Symposium that caters strictly to their interest in product safety.
Local Chapters and Other Offerings
A significant achievement within our first year of existence was the formation of 10 local chapters. These chapters were existing product safety oriented sub-chapters of local IEEE EMC Society chapters that now had a new "home" society to report to. Current U.S. chapters include Santa Clara, Central Texas, Oregon, Rochester NY, Orange County, Chicago and Central New England. Three of our Society's ten chapters are outside the continental United States, in Israel, Taipei Taiwan and Vancouver British Columbia.
In 2004, the PSES signed an agreement with the International Association for Radio, Telecommunications and Electromagnetics (iNarte), a professional association that certifies engineers as competent product safety professionals. The IEEE PSES is the only safety organization worldwide that offers professional accreditation of safety engineering through iNarte.
In 2005, Gary Weidner accepted the Editor-in-Chief position for the Society newsletter, which allowed us to publish our first newsletter as an IEEE Society, and not as a Technical Committee of the IEEE EMC Society. This newsletter was renamed from the Product Safety Newsletter to the Product Safety Engineering Newsletter. In 2006 the newsletter was expanded to 4 issues a year. In 2007 Rich Nute started to rewrite his famous "Technically Speaking" column.
We continue to work to develop benefits that members can enjoy, and to generate revenue to meet our expenses. In 2003, we attempted to launch a Society Journal, but were unable to establish a sufficient backlog of papers that would support a minimum required count for a yearly series, resulting in the loss of approval from the IEEE TAB. As a substitute, the Society has developed the eDJ (electronic Digital Library) to showcase published papers.
Economic Challenges and the Road Ahead
As one might assume, the first two years of the PSES were challenging, with a mission to create an international society without any infrastructure or money. We achieved some success, but still had a long way to go. Henry Benitez took over as the PSES president in 2006. His term was known as the financial struggle era.
Under Henry, unforeseen changes in how the IEEE TAB allocated publication revenue pushed the PSES to the point of extinction. To combat this, Henry emphasized the need for "quantum improvements" for increasing membership and revenue. Pressure was placed on increasing attendance and revenue from the annual Symposium, since it was the primary source of revenue for the society.
After many months of struggle, Henry was able to resolve the problems with the TAB revenue distribution. He also helped established the Technical Committee structure, and brought the Society newsletter on-line, while continuing to hold successful annual Symposia.
Jim Bacher followed Henry Benitez in year five (2008-2009). Under Jim's leadership, the Society is now becoming a smooth functioning Society. Almost every element within our Business Plan has been achieved. Technical Committees are now functioning, and include Hazard Based Safety Engineering, Functional Safety, Information Technology Equipment, Medical Equipment, National Electric Code, Forensics, and Education. Other Technical Committees that may be established includes Consumer Electronics and Appliances, and Industrial Equipment. And, PSES membership continues to increase at a time when most IEEE societies are loosing members.
As a benefit of PSES membership, the Society's Board of Directors is increasing its efforts to build a more dynamic virtual community, which saves money and allows for faster, more professional means of operation. The Society web site (www.ieee-pses.org) includes much information, and the "Members Only" section offers many benefits that are not available to the general public. Using ones' IEEE membership web account and a password, PSES members have exclusive access to technical papers, goods and services, past newsletters, a job networking arena, and the ability to participate in technical activities sponsored by the society, plus significant discount on conference registration fees, and unlimited access to the listserve firstname.lastname@example.com, which has been in continuous operation since 1986.
Since creation of the PSES, support has been received from other IEEE Societies, test agencies and test laboratories, and corporate sponsors. Our sponsors seek to ensure the viability of the Society in all facets of operation, which includes participation in conferences, trade journals, publications and other areas of interest to the product safety engineering community worldwide. For our Society and our Symposium to continue, we need to increase our membership enough to hit critical mass. If you believe that what we are doing is the right thing to do, please join us!
This article is was written by
Mark I. Montrose
Champion and First President (2004-2005)
IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society
Are you a member of this society? Please help expand the article by using the edit tab.
- 1 Creating a New Society
- 2 The Need for a Safety Organization
- 3 Chronological history
- 4 The Product Safety Newsletter
- 5 Creation of a Formal Virtual Community/Society
- 6 The First Five Years - The Beginning of a New IEEESociety
- 7 The Annual Symposium
- 8 Local Chapters and Other Offerings
- 9 Economic Challenges and the Road Ahead
- 10 Conclusion
- 11 Acknowledgement


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UH researchers introduce next generation of nanocomposite materials
Velcro-like material may revolutionize the nanocomposite technologyUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
College of Engineering
HONOLULU —Nanotechnologists in the College of Engineering at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa have developed a multifunctional nanocomposite material using carbon nanotube forest-grown ceramic fiber cloths. The research article based on this finding is described in the May 7 online edition of the journal Nature Materials.
The researchers demonstrate one of the best ways to develop carbon nanotube-based composite materials. In doing so, they addressed various issues and concerns in both traditional composite materials and carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites.
According to the researchers, traditional composite materials, made by stacking up resin infiltrated fiber cloths, perform poor in "through-thickness" or the direction perpendicular to the fiber cloth, due to the absence of fibers in that direction. Their research work shows a novel remedy to this problem by grafting carbon nanotubes in the "through-thickness" direction. "Having carbon nanotube Velcro-like fasteners go in the through-thickness direction essentially would ensure the mechanical properties required in that direction," says Mehrdad Ghasemi-Nejhad, professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, and a lead author of the paper.
Though carbon nanotubes were projected as the best candidate for high performing structural composites, the efforts so far proved not so exciting. "Some fundamental issues such as dispersion, alignment and interfacial strength have kept researchers from realizing the full potential of nanotubes, particularly when combining them with other materials to make composites," says Pulickel Ajayan, the Henry Burlage Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and also a lead author of the paper.
In their research, Nejhad and his team demonstrate a novel approach in grafting highly aligned forest of carbon nanotubes on silicon carbide ceramic fiber cloths. They follow a chemical vapor deposition process for the growth of carbon nanotube forest on the fiber cloths. The fiber cloths were then infiltrated with a high temperature polymer and then stacked on top of each other with the carbon nanotubes "sandwiched" in between the layers. The team has successfully made cloths up to roughly five inches by two inches and says that the process is easily scalable to make larger structures. The composites that were manufactured were cured in a furnace. "The most exciting part of a fabrication of this sort is that we start from a nano regime and develop a step-by-step macro structural composite from bottom up. This could be a perfect example of hierarchical manufacturing," Nejhad says.
The team has demonstrated a number of different functionalities of this new nanocomposite material. From a series of testing, they showed that their new 3-D nanocomposite material exhibit four times better performance in fracture tests and five-fold increase in their ability to dissipate energy by structural damping over the original ceramic composites without nanotubes forests. The new nanocomposite material has three times better dimensional stability compared to the base material without nanotubes. This could well be the most preferred composite structure for the future structural applications, the researchers say.
They also demonstrated that the novel 3-D nanocomposite performs much better in terms of thermal and electrical conductivities. This essentially gives an indication that the new nanocomposite has the capacity to participate in the structural system thermal managements as well as to perform self-structural health monitoring helping to identify cracks and defects in the structure.
This work was a collaborative research conducted by the University of Hawaiʻi (UH) at Mānoa in Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, and the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in Troy, New York. The UH research team was led by Dr. Nejhad, who also directs the Hawaiʻi Nanotechnology Laboratory (HNL) and the Intelligent and Composite Materials Laboratory (ICML). The UH team includes: Vinod Veedu, a doctoral student at the HNL; Anyuan Cao, assistant professor of mechanical engineering and associate director of the HNL; and Kougen Ma, an assistant researcher and associate director of the ICML. The RPI team was lead by Dr. Ajayan. The RPI team includes: Caterina Soldano, a doctoral student in physics, applied physics, and astronomy; Xuesong Li, a doctoral student in materials science and engineering; and Swastik Kar, a postdoctoral researcher in materials science and engineering.
Nejhad received funding for the project from the Office of Naval Research through the Adaptive Damping and Positioning using Intelligent Composite Active Structures (ADPICAS) project.


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DOT learns lessons from Hoan Bridge failure
Repairs needed on sagging Leo Frigo Bridge
Trouble on the Leo Frigo Bridge has many remembering problems in Milwaukee.
The Hoan Bridge was the scene of the most shocking bridge failure in Wisconsin.
Thirteen years ago, a clean break in the deck caused a section of the bridge to drop several feet, and that section was replaced.
The Department of Transportation will use what it learned on the Hoan Bridge and other bridge investigations to deal with a new crisis.
When the deck of the Leo Frigo Bridge dipped several feet Wednesday, it quickly brought to mind other bridge problems, including the partial collapse of the Hoan Bridge along Milwaukee's waterfront and emergency repairs on deteriorating bridges in the Zoo Interchange.
Marquette University civil engineer James Crovetti said the incidents don't signal a breakdown in Wisconsin's infrastructure as much as an overall need for improvement.
"They're not impending signs of doom," Crovetti said. "Though we do have an infrastructure need across the nation. Our backlog of repair work is immense."
Officials with the DOT said the previous bridge emergencies in Milwaukee will make attacking the problem in Green Bay easier because investigators have experienced similar issues.
A spokesman said the DOT learned from those events to become better prepared.
Crovetti said the state deals well with its infrastructure inspections, but there's no guarantee against sudden crises.
Crovetti said the good news is that safety features built into the Leo Frigo Bridge actually worked.
"It has a dip, but it's still there," Crovetti said.
The Hoan Bridge is back in the spotlight, with a major rebuilding effort set to begin in a few weeks and continue for two years.
Emergency work on the Leo Frigo Bridge should not delay the project, DOT officials said.


text: White Page Gulch, James-town. You stand in the dust of the main street. The glare of the midday sun bleaches out your surroundings. Here be a Wanted Poster, some ragged notes nailed to a pole, a mailbox and a sign. You are strangely unsurprised by a giant Pirate ship beached in the desert nearby. - A tattered broadsheet of disreputable provenance flutters by in the hot wind. - examine mailbox The mailbox is a bright red cylinder. It looks curiously out of place. Above the dark horizontal slot are scratched the letters 'remove pie' - ex poster The poster displays the leering visage of the dreadful outlaw Daniel James. Beneath scrolls a litany of his unspeakable crimes. - A tumbleweed rolls past, stirring up dusty veils behind it. - ex notes The notes are faded and torn. One is titled 'A visit to The Gathering 98' and another 'Aggregators vs. MUDs', the third note, Olivia. - A rusty old tin can rattles past in the dry wind. - ex sign The venerable sign is muddy and paints a ragged list in faded letters. pick a point on the singularity graph the legendary interactive immortality questionnaire obligatory Burning Man image gallery learned treatise on online game design entire photo album, inc. cute baby shots and enormous great-aunts There follows some illegible text and finally the words 'Real Soon Now!' - exits You glance around anxiously, but cannot spot any exits! - whistle You whistle a doleful melody. - A leathery old cow boy approaches. He creaks as he swaggers. - The cowboy squints at you and hurls a scroll at your feet. 'Go on, git outta town!' he growls, spits and paces away cursing. - get map You pick up the scroll. - read scroll You unfurl the scroll. It is ancient and weathered. On one side, you discern a map of the lands here and far abouts. The other side of the scroll describes a straight path to a nearby western town known as San Francisco.


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It's the last Friday before Christmas, dear Arsians, and the Dealmaster is here with a pile of neat things you can buy for your loved ones—or for yourself! The top deal is $300 off the price of a big IPS-paneled 27-inch Dell UltraSharp, because you can never have too many monitors, right?
If more screen real estate isn't your fancy, our buddies at LogicBuy have a bunch of other stuff, including some deals on Apple portables. There's also a Samsung 840 Pro deal lurking down there in the list! Go forth, my brethren, and save on your holiday shopping!
Top Deal:
- 27" Dell UltraSharp IPS-Panel LCD Monitor w/2560x1440 resolution & 3-Year Warranty for $649 with free shipping (normally $999.99)
Laptops and tablets:
- 15.6" ASUS X501A-TH31 Core i3 Slim Laptop w/4GB RAM, 320GB HDD & Windows 8 for $349.99 with free shipping at TigerDirect (normally $449.99)
- Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch with Retina display, Core i7 Quad-Core, 8GB RAM, 256GB SSD for $2,074 with free shipping & Free Parallels Desktop 8 for Mac (normally $2,199)
- Apple MacBook Pro 13-inch with Retina display, Core i5 Dual-Core, 8GB RAM, 128GB SSD for $1,575.22 with free shipping & Free Parallels Desktop 8 for Mac (normally $1,699)
- Apple MacBook Air 13-inch Core i5, 128GB SSD (current model) + Parallels Desktop 8 for $1,099.95 with free shipping at B&H (normally $1,259)
- Apple Mac Mini Core i5 (newest model) + Parallels Desktop 8 for $564.80 with free shipping (normally $599)
- Alienware X51 Core i5 Quad-Core Mini Gaming Desktop w/GeForce GT640, 8GB RAM, 2TB HDD + $100 eGift Card for $799 with free shipping (ensure 2TB HDD is included for final price, normally $899.99 - use $100 coupon code 144VZ6QP3FKX1S)
- Dell Inspiron 660 Core i5 Quad-Core Mini Desktop w/8GB RAM, 2TB HDD & GeForce GT620 for $449.99 with free shipping (normally $649.99)
Storage, hardware, and monitors:
- 26" Hanns-G 1080p LED-Backlit LCD Monitor for $179.99 with free shipping (normally $279.99)
- Linksys PowerLine AV 4-Port Network Adapter Kit (PLSK400) for $66.49 with free shipping (normally $79.99 - use coupon code HSDISH5)
- Asus RT-N65U Dual-Band Wireless-N750 Gigabit Router for $94.99 with free shipping (normally $129.99 - use coupon code QWO79666)
- EVGA GeForce GTX 680 SC Signature 2GB Video Card + Assassin's Creed 3 & Borderlands 2 games for $429.99 with free shipping (normally $469.99 - use $20 mail-in rebate form)
- 128GB Samsung 840 Pro Series SSD for $139 with free shipping (normally $169)
Accessories, gadgets and portables:
- HP Select 120 15.6" Laptop Backpack for $29.99 with free shipping (normally $69.99 - use coupon code SVP471394)
- The Pocket Sized Scanner for $44.95 at Hammacher Schlemmer (normally $69.95)
TV and entertainment:
- Roku HD Wireless Streaming Media Player for $49.99 with free shipping at Amazon (normally $59.99)
- 39" Samsung UN39E5003 1080p LED HDTV for $397.99 with free shipping (normally $449.99)
- Realspace Mezza Straight Desk w/Clear Glass Top for $74.99 with free shipping (normally $159.99 - use coupon code 367597258)


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PicoScope 3206B produceres og sælges ikke længereSe for PicoScope 3206D for erstatning.
USB based 2 Channel Oscilloscope 200 MHz bandwidth, 500 MS/s real-time sampling and 10 GS/s repetitive sampling.128 M/Sample buffer size.Built-in Arbitrary Waveform Generator and function generator.
2 x oscilloscope probes (x1/x10) and protective case for scope probes included.
Oscilloscopes in the PicoScope 3000 Series all feature a high-speed USB 2.0 interface, together with impressive sampling rates, high bandwidths and a very large buffer memory.
PicoScope computer oscilloscopes simply connect to the USB port on any standard Windows based computer, making full use of your PC's processing capabilities, large screens and familiar graphical user interfaces. Whether you're used to traditional benchtop oscilloscopes or modern PC Oscilloscopes the PicoScope 3000 Series offers outstanding performance and ease of use.
High bandwidth AND high sampling rateWith bandwidths ranging from 60 to 200 MHz your PicoScope 3000 Series computer oscilloscope offers bandwidths previously unavailable in this price range.
The high bandwidth is complemented by a market-leading 500 MS/s real-time sampling rate (most USB-powered oscilloscopes have real-time sampling rates of only 100 or 200 MS/s). ETS mode boosts the maximum effective sampling rate further to 10 GS/s, giving you a more detailed display of repetitive signals.
Of course, a high sampling rate is of little use without…
A huge buffer memoryOther oscilloscopes have high maximum sampling rates, but without deep memory they cannot sustain these rates on long timebases.Oscilloscope in the PicoScope 3000 Series have buffer memories of up to 128 million samples — that's more than any other oscilloscope in this price range and means that your PicoScope oscilloscope can sample at high rates even on long timebases.
Too much data to handle?With impressive sampling rates, high bandwidths and large buffer memory you might be wondering how can you possibly handle all the data that your PicoScope oscilloscope provides? Thanks to the power of PicoScope it isn't a problem: a maximum zoom factor of 100 million combined with our industry-leading zoom controls means you can see every last detail of your waveform with ease. And thanks to our segmented memory the old problem of seeing a glitch on the screen only for it to vanish before you stop the scope is no more — now each captured waveform is stored in the buffer so you can rewind and review 1000s of previous waveforms.
The benchtop oscilloscope that fits in your bagYour PicoScope 3000 oscilloscope has the power to perform in many applications previously the domain of traditional benchtop oscilloscopes — from design and research, to education, service and repair.
Unlike benchtop oscilloscopes, your PicoScope oscilloscope is small and light enough to take with you. Your PicoScope easily fits into a laptop bag — great for the engineer on the move, or when you want to show off the power and performance of your PicoScope to others. Of course, being USB powered there is no need for an external power supply so your PicoScope oscilloscope really can be used wherever and whenever you want.
Advanced triggersAs well as the standard range of triggers found on all oscilloscopes, your PicoScope 3000 scope gives you a class-leading set of advanced triggers including pulse width, windowed and dropout triggers to help you capture the data you need.
Digital triggeringMost digital oscilloscopes sold today still use an analog trigger architecture based around comparators. This can cause time and amplitude errors that can not always be calibrated out. The use of comparators often limits the trigger sensitivity at high bandwidths and can also create a long trigger "re-arm" delay.
Since 1991 we have been pioneering the use of fully digital triggering using the actual digitised data. This reduces trigger errors and allows your oscilloscope to trigger on the smallest signals, even at the full bandwidth. Trigger levels and hysteresis can be set with great precision and resolution. Digital triggering also reduces re-arm delay and this combined with the segmented memory allows the triggering and capture of events that happen in rapid sequence. At the fastest timebase you can use rapid triggering to collect 10,000 waveforms in under 20 milliseconds. Our mask limit testing function can then scan through these waveforms to highlight any failed waveforms for viewing in the waveform buffer.
You can trust what you seeMost oscilloscopes are built down to a price; ours are built up to a specification.
Careful front-end design and shielding reduces noise, crosstalk and harmonic distortion. Years of oscilloscope experience leads to improved pulse response and bandwidth flatness. The result is simple: when you probe a circuit, you can trust in the waveform you see on the screen.
Why pay more?At Pico we don't do "optional extras". Other companies may think that you should pay for high-end features such as mask limit testing, serial decoding, advanced triggering, automatic measurements, math channels, XY mode, digital filtering and segmented memory. We don't. When you buy a PicoScope 3000 USB Oscilloscope everything is included in the price.
For today, tomorrow and the futureWith many companies once you've purchased your product that's the end of your relationship. When you purchase your PicoScope that's only the beginning of your relationship with us. We want to make sure your PicoScope continues to meet your needs for a long time to come. To do this we regularly update our software with new features and improvements — many suggested by you, our customers, and all designed to let you get more from your scope. At the same time we've made sure our PicoScope software can be used with all of our standard PC oscilloscopes so if you ever want to upgrade you can don't need to learn a new software package.
Many of our customers become lifelong PicoScope users. We hope you'll be one of them.
The highest-performance USB-powered oscilloscopes availableReal-time sampling rates of up to 500 MS/s, bandwidths of up to 200 MHz, buffer memories of up to 128 MS, an integrated function generator/AWG together with features such as mask testing and serial decoding all combine to make the PicoScope 3000 Series the highest-performance USB-powered oscilloscopes available.
Documents available for download: PicoScope 3000 Series data sheet (1.13 MB)


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Halo Wars Leaderboards Wiped, May Not Be Restored
"An Xbox LIVE technical issue wiped all Halo Wars Xbox LIVE Leaderboards earlier today," wrote Robot Entertainment on the Halo Wars site, slowly sapping the souls of several unknown gamers with each word.
"This includes all singleplayer, multiplayer and Trueskill leaderboards, as well as all matchmaking data," added Robot Entertainment, destroying man's achievements with its uncaring fist.
"At this time it's unknown if the data can be restored, resulting in the Halo Wars Leaderboards being reset to original Launch Day status," continued Robot Entertainment, and the tear ducts opened.
"The Xbox LIVE team is investigating the cause, and they will provide an update to the situation as soon as possible," concluded Robot Entertainment, and a cheek was wiped; there was still hope of a new day.


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In Store: Dry Dock Marine Center
Alliance: Have you ever been to Santa Claus, IN? Have you ever seen any "elves" or evidence of a "workshop"?
Dry Dock Marine Center: No, we have never been to Santa Claus, IN. However, Captain Terry Archbold (owner/founder) has his own kind of workshop that is currently working on a 1959 Owens Cabin Cruiser (Chicago Girl), 1956 17' Chris Craft, and a 1947 17' Chris Craft. I have a feeling that the handful of guys that work for our Restoration Department would not like to be called elves.
A: This isn't your first year in business. When did Dry Dock Marine open its doors?
DDMC: We opened our doors 26 years ago. In 1987, Dry Dock was a 3,200 square ft. showroom and carried Baja and Mercury. Now in 2013 we have expanded to over 32,000 square ft. spread out over 15 acres, which includes a fiberglass and wood restoration department, a service center that can accommodate up 16 boats at one time, a fully stocked pro shop, 71 dock slip rentals, six storage buildings and more than 20 full and part time employees.
A: You have a slogan, "Your Ultimate Family Boating Center." What's the meaning behind it?
DDMC: We are your ultimate family boating center; we carry inboards, outboards, pontoons, wakeboards, kayaks, stand up paddle boards, and so much more. If you want something for your boat or something to complete your family vacation, more than likely you'll find it on our shelves. If not, we can have it in your hands in a day or two. To us a boat is the best place to spend quality time with your family. We have a great sales staff; Cyndi Fremion, Chris Patton, Zach Lear, and Chris Archbold spend as much time on the water using the products and living the lake lifestyle as they can, so when they tell you about a product it's believable because they are experienced water enthusiasts. Our service department is also certified, trained and time tested, so if your boat has midseason problems our quality service team has your back, Jack!
A: Your dealership has a high standard in boat lines. Which boats do you carry and how did they end up on your showroom floor?
DDMC: We carry Nautique and Moomba wakeboard boats, Harris Flotebote, Bennington Pontoons, and Chaparral Boats. We feel that Nautique sets the standard in performance and quality in wake boats and that Moomba provides a "no worries" experience with characteristics like value, performance and reliability. As for pontoons Harris FloteBote and Bennington are high end, well built and again the best products in their class and the same goes for Chaparral Boats. We are not K-Mart, we want to sell the best products on the market, so we made sure to pick up the best in class and provide our customer with first class treatment.
A: Boats aren't your only focus. You have a pro shop as well. Which brands find room in your pro shop?
DDMC: We are constantly looking to grow our pro shop, but for now we carry Liquid Force, Slingshot, Straight Line, GoPro, Oakley, ATX, Hobie SUP and Hobie Kayaks, EMAD Skateboards, and we are one of Land 'N' Seas' largest accessory dealers in the Midwest.
A: You claim to have 101 lakes in your county. Which lake is close to home?
DDMC: Crooked Lake is a stone's throw away, but we consider Lake James our home. We have 71 dock rental slips and four acres of land right on the water that we host multiple events at, including an antique boat show, demo days and a car show. We reserve six dock slips for the public to access the several restaurants that are located within walking distance. We service all lakes in Steuben, Lagrange, and Noble counties in Indiana and Branch County in Michigan.
A: What about local support? Does the dealership sponsor any local wakeboarders?
DDMC: We sponsor Thomas Herman, a 10-year-old shredder that took 2nd at Wake Games, 2nd at WWA Nationals, 2nd at WWA Worlds and 1st on the Gravel Tour in 2012. There are a lot of people that wakeboard, surf and ski in our area. Most of them will never compete in a contest of any kind, so we are focused more on providing family friendly events for people to learn how to wakeboard and wakesurf. We are very involved with the Tri-State INT and we also help with a handful of wake related fundraisers that gear around raising money for different causes and promote the sports we love. This summer we plan on doing Girls Only Wake Sessions, a wakeboard camp with Chris Laske, demos and lessons with Adam Wensink (Nautique Rider/Rep), as well as clinics with Trevor Hansen.
A: Where do you see the dealership in the next 10 years?
DDMC: We have some big plans for the future of this Marina. There are a few things we ask our staff regularly – Are we working as efficiently as we can? Are we meeting customers' needs and wants? What can we do today that will make us better tomorrow? So to answer your question, like us on Facebook @DRYDOCKMARINECENTER and we will let you know!
A: What's the deal with Indy 500 winners dumping milk all over themselves? Do you guys do that every time you sell a boat?
DDMC: If you must know about the milk here you go… "The American Dairy Association of Indiana is proud of its long relationship with the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. The traditional Victory Lane Bottle of Milk presentation represents a 70 year history between the dairy industry and the 500-mile race. The bottle of milk presented to the winner of the Indianapolis 500 mile race has been a traditional part of the victory lane ceremony for over half a century." We on the other hand carry a line of Custom Shot Ski's. You'll have to ask one of the salesmen what's in their shot.
Dry Dock Marine Center
Angola, IN 46703


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Read, white, black: Hooked up on Rugby Road
On a chilly Thursday night, December 8, the young and old, sophisticated and hip descended upon the UVA Art Museum for The Hook holiday party. The invitations requested "black, white, or red" cocktail attire in honor of the publication's signature colors.
Guests flowed through the front entrance and fanned out to pack just about every corner of the museum. In the festive atmosphere, jovial guests hobnobbed as they balanced their hors d'oeuvres and drinks in a perfect cocktail party ballet.
Hotcakes supplied tasty treats, including cookies decorated with the Hook logo, and Starr Hill provided the beverages to wash it all down.
Photophile decided the party was the perfect opportunity to formally present– or perhaps "expose"– the merry faces behind the now familiar bylines that you read each week. Enjoy!
Michael Laskoe with cartoonist Don Berard
Creative newlyweds Jen Fariello and Chris Conklin
Poet Chris Hlad with editor Hawes Spencer and Rolling Stones expert Lindsay Barnes
Award winning reporter Lisa Provence and high-selling sales rep Anna Harrison
Intern deluxe Jocelyn Guest and art director Mitchell Jarrett
Senior editor Courteney Stuart and real estate expert Rosalind Warfield-Brown


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So last night I went to Notes at Covent Garden and had a lovely cappuccino followed by a dbl espresso that runs the risk that I won't go back.
Tonight it was Bea's of Bloomsbury for a flat white which I also thoroughly enjoyed and a dbl espresso which was much better than last nights but still not necessarily the best I've had.
I picked Bea's tonight as I knew they also served Square Mile (like Notes) and I wanted to compare.
Could definitely taste the similarities in the dbls but they were like night and day.
Any other recommendations for places to try? My only stipulations are fairly late opening and fairly central London.


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Investigate the numbers that come up on a die as you roll it in the direction of north, south, east and west, without going over the path it's already made.
Make new patterns from simple turning instructions. You can have a go using pencil and paper or with a floor robot.
Let's suppose that you are going to have a magazine which has 16 pages of A5 size. Can you find some different ways to make these pages? Investigate the pattern for each if you number the pages.
Here are some more lower primary number pattern tasks for you to try.
If I use 12 green tiles to represent my lawn, how many different ways could I arrange them? How many border tiles would I need each time?
While we were sorting some papers we found 3 strange sheets which seemed to come from small books but there were page numbers at the foot of each page. Did the pages come from the same book?
Investigate these hexagons drawn from different sized equilateral triangles.
These lower primary activities offer opportunities for children to create, recognise and extend number patterns.
Can you continue this pattern of triangles and begin to predict how many sticks are used for each new "layer"?
How do you know if your set of dominoes is complete?
Polygonal numbers are those that are arranged in shapes as they enlarge. Explore the polygonal numbers drawn here.
Explore one of these five pictures.
Have a go at this 3D extension to the Pebbles problem.
Make a chair and table out of interlocking cubes, making sure that the chair fits under the table!
Three beads are threaded on a circular wire and are coloured either red or blue. Can you find all four different combinations?
Your challenge is to find the longest way through the network following this rule. You can start and finish anywhere, and with any shape, as long as you follow the correct order.
In this section from a calendar, put a square box around the 1st, 2nd, 8th and 9th. Add all the pairs of numbers. What do you notice about the answers?
Place four pebbles on the sand in the form of a square. Keep adding as few pebbles as necessary to double the area. How many extra pebbles are added each time?
These sixteen children are standing in four lines of four, one behind the other. They are each holding a card with a number on it. Can you work out the missing numbers?
These upper primary activities offer opportunities for children to recognise, extend and explain number patterns.
I've made some cubes and some cubes with holes in. This challenge invites you to explore the difference in the number of small cubes I've used. Can you see any patterns?
This article for primary teachers outlines how we can encourage children to create, identify, extend and explain number patterns and why being able to do so is useful.
If the numbers 5, 7 and 4 go into this function machine, what numbers will come out?
EWWNP means Exploring Wild and Wonderful Number Patterns Created by Yourself! Investigate what happens if we create number patterns using some simple rules.
Investigate what happens when you add house numbers along a street in different ways.
At the beginning of May Tom put his tomato plant outside. On the same day he sowed a bean in another pot. When will the two be the same height?
Can you go from A to Z right through the alphabet in the hexagonal maze?
Arrange the shapes in a line so that you change either colour or shape in the next piece along. Can you find several ways to start with a blue triangle and end with a red circle?
There are ten children in Becky's group. Can you find a set of numbers for each of them? Are there any other sets?
July 1st 2001 was on a Sunday. July 1st 2002 was on a Monday. When did July 1st fall on a Monday again?
How many different sets of numbers with at least four members can you find in the numbers in this box?
Find the next number in this pattern: 3, 7, 19, 55 ...
What are the next three numbers in this sequence? Can you explain why are they called pyramid numbers?
Daisy and Akram were making number patterns. Daisy was using beads that looked like flowers and Akram was using cube bricks. First they were counting in twos.
Investigate the successive areas of light blue in these diagrams.
"Tell me the next two numbers in each of these seven minor spells", chanted the Mathemagician, "And the great spell will crumble away!" Can you help Anna and David break the spell?
In this activity, the computer chooses a times table and shifts it. Can you work out the table and the shift each time?
What patterns can you make with a set of dominoes?
An environment which simulates working with Cuisenaire rods.
Liitle Millennium Man was born on Saturday 1st January 2000 and he will retire on the first Saturday 1st January that occurs after his 60th birthday. How old will he be when he retires?
In this investigation, you are challenged to make mobile phone numbers which are easy to remember. What happens if you make a sequence adding 2 each time?
Ben's class were cutting up number tracks. First they cut them into twos and added up the numbers on each piece. What patterns could they see?


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On The Front Lines
Rejecting Gov't Claims That Cabbies Have No Right to Privacy, Rutherford Urges Court to Declare NYC's Surveillance of Taxi Cabs Unconstitutional
NEW YORK, N.Y. — Rejecting claims by New York City government officials that taxi drivers have virtually no right of privacy while on the job, attorneys for The Rutherford Institute have asked a federal appeals court to declare unconstitutional the practice of requiring taxi cab drivers to attach GPS devices to their taxis in order to have their movements tracked. In filing a reply brief in Hassan El-Nahal v. David Yassky, Institute attorneys are calling on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit to follow the U.S. Supreme Court's recent ruling that warrantless GPS surveillance of vehicles violates the Fourth Amendment's bar on unreasonable searches and seizures, which would thereby render the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission's surveillance of taxi drivers an unconstitutional violation of drivers' Fourth Amendment rights.
"As the Supreme Court has recognized, the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits the government from attaching tracking devices to our vehicles without first securing a search warrant," said constitutional attorney John W. Whitehead, president of The Rutherford Institute and author of A Government of Wolves: The Emerging American Police State. "No matter how you look at it, this surveillance system put in place by a government agency not only violates the rights of taxi drivers to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures by government agents, it also invades the privacy of any passengers traveling with them."
In 2007, New York's Taxi and Limousine Commission, an agency of the City of New York, mandated that all New York City medallion taxis be equipped with a Taxi Technology System (TTS), which includes a GPS tracking device. The device transmits information to the Commission, revealing the taxi's location, when a new trip is initiated, the number of passengers, the point where the trip is terminated, and the fare for the trip, among other information. Called on to justify the surveillance system, the Commission assured taxi drivers and the public that the system would not be used to track drivers but would be used for "customer service improvements," for regulatory analysis, assisting in locating passengers' lost property, and to eliminate the need for drivers to complete handwritten trip sheets for each fare.
However, in 2010, the Commission, relying almost exclusively on tracking information provided by the TTS, began a campaign to prosecute taxi drivers for alleged overcharging of customers and indicated it would seek to revoke the licenses of up to 2,300 taxi drivers. In January 2012, taxi driver Hassan El-Nahal was accused of deliberately overcharging passengers on 10 occasions and the Commission demanded he pay a $900 fine in order to avoid proceedings to revoke his license. When El-Nahal refused to settle, the Commission carried through with its threat and initially obtained a decision revoking El-Nahal's license based solely upon TTS tracking data. However, after several appeals the revocation was reversed because the Commission could not show that El-Nahal intended to overcharge passengers.
In the lawsuit seeking relief for the injuries suffered by El-Nahal as a result of his prosecution, Institute attorneys allege that the GPS surveillance which was the sole basis for the prosecution constitutes an illegal search under the Fourth Amendment. Institute attorneys point to the unanimous U.S. Supreme Court decision in United States v. Jones, which held that police must get a search warrant before using GPS technology to track criminal suspects. New York attorney Daniel L. Ackman is assisting The Rutherford Institute in its defense of the taxi drivers' Fourth Amendment rights.


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This group includes diverse opinions to promote healthy debate producing greater scrutiny and rigour. The Galileo Movement does not claim that any of these advisers or our many other advisers endorse all opinions or actions of The Galileo Movement or this web site. Nor is The Galileo Movement bound to follow the advice of all those who provide advice.
Malcolm Roberts has often invited evidence and data from advocates of human causes of global warming.
Patron:The Galileo Movement's patron is Australia's own Alan Jones. Alan has a long history of speaking out for the downtrodden and for protecting freedom. His innate expertise straddles the fields of politics, sport and the media. His wealth of experience complements the basic science that is the Galileo Movement's core.
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The ultimate aim is to use pressure from voters and non-voters to persuade our politicians of all parties that restricting Australia's production of carbon dioxide is futile, wasteful and dangerous.
Expected life-span: The intent is to terminate the Galileo Movement when the push to price carbon dioxide is destroyed. That's anticipated to be by the next federal election.
Funding: The Galileo Movement Ltd is a non-profit company limited by guarantee (ACN: 149 463 687). Its two (2) directors are its co-founders: John Smeed and Case Smit.
It will invite memberships and donations to be used to inform Australians about climate and the danger and futility of taxing and 'trading' carbon dioxide.
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As a non-profit organisation its intention is to devote all money raised to informing citizens.
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Where possible and except where donors request anonymity, all donations will be identified with donors names for the purpose of maintain records and auditing.
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AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge the many people worldwide from diverse backgrounds who worked tirelessly and mostly without any compensation to keep Galileo's pioneering spirit alive as science was assaulted. Thank you for your work in protecting science, protecting the natural environment, protecting our economic security and protecting the human spirit from alarmists' constant bombarding of fear and guilt. Most of all, thank you for protecting freedom.
We acknowledge scientists, many retired who sprang into life to protect science and Nature. As the UN and extremists cloaked in green tarnished 'science', your total dedication to restoring scientific integrity has rekindled many people's faith in science and reliance on objective real-world observation. Much appreciated.
© The Galileo Movement 2011
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Established in 1948, the Ringling Museum of the American Circus was the first to document the rich history of this popular entertainment, and because John Ringling had made Sarasota the Winter Quarters of the Ringling Bros and Barnum & Bailey Circus in 1927, many of the performers moved to the immediate area. As a result of their generosity, the Ringling Museum's collection of wardrobes and circus memorabilia quickly grew and now includes performing props, as well as all types of equipment, including beautifully carved parade wagons, sturdy utility wagons, tent poles, massive bail rings that suspended the tent canvas and even a cannon that shot fearless performers across the big top. There's also a wealth of 19th and early 20th-century posters and props used by famous performers as well as a large collection of circus history and literature that includes newspaper clippings dating as far back as 1816. A must-see in the Museum is the film The Life and Times of John and Mable Ringling, narrated by Hal Holbrook which features the lives of John and Mable Ringling, the history of Ringling Bros. circus, the building of the Ca' d'Zan and the Museum of Art, as well as John's influence in the development of Sarasota.
Original posters at the Ringling Circus Museum's current show — Glittering Grandeur: Spectacles Under the Big Top
While the classic circus performance is a rich spectacle in itself, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries show owners including P.T. Barnum and the Ringlings recognized that they had the ability to increase attendance by including a different kind of spectacle in their traveling shows. Circuses from a hundred years ago enhanced their programs beyond the artists of the ring by offering pageants, plays, and historic tableaus as part of the ticket price. Characterized by their richly costumed array of animals and performers, these theatrical displays, were known as 'specs', or spectacles. The largest of these productions included hundreds of performers engaged in scenes of battle and festivals of dance and song and were created on such a grand scale that they frequently rated several different poster designs each season. The grand tradition of the circus spectacle comes to life through posters created from 1890 through 1950, and gives a better understanding of both the evolving form of the traveling show, and the shifting expectations of audiences from the 19th century to today through the Circus Museum's current show — Glittering Grandeur: Spectacles Under the Big Top, which runs until February 2016.
Original poster from a Barnum & Bailey spectacle from the The 12,000-square-foot second floor that houses the archives of important collections of rare handbills and art prints, circus papers, business records and photos
Circus poster from 1900
Detail of poster featuring P.T Barnum and J.A. Bailey
Original drawings of costumes worn in old circus shows
Costume sketch of 'Oberon' from a Midsummer Nights Dream spectacle
An interactive exhibit at the Circus Museum
The main floor of the Circus Museum features beautifully carved circus wagons and the magnificent Howard Bros. Circus miniature scale model created by Howard C. Tibbals which depicts a complete reproduction of and entire circa 1920s circus
Handcrafted miniature circus models from the Harold Dunn exhibition
Dunn created these 1/2-inch to the foot scale miniatures and began exhibiting them in 1946
Drawing from the rich and varied Japanese collection of the Stibbert Museum in Florence, we also visited another exhibition, 'Samurai: The Way of the Warrior' in the Searing Wing of the Ringling Museum, which features over 80 exquisite objects related to the legendary samurai warriors with full suits of armour, helmets, swords, sword-hilts, and saddles, as well as objects intended for more personal use that belonged to the samurai warriors of medieval and early-modern Japan. Samurai translates as "those who serve," and their job was to protect wealthy landowners. Their code was known as bushido, or the way of the warrior, and focused on discipline, honor and loyalty. The samurai were highly involved in the Japanese government and rose to power in the 12th-century as a military dictatorship known as the Shogunate. They would rule until Japan was opened to the outside world in the late 1850s. The exhibit covers two time periods: the 15th to 17th centuries, when Japan was internally at war, and a second 200-year time period when Japan, which at the time was completely closed to the outside world, enjoyed domestic peace. Thus, many of the objects in the collection may have been designed for warfare, but were used and worn ceremonially. The samurai class was abolished in 1868, and the warriors turned to civil service and sometimes education and the arts for employment. Joining a docent-led tour the day we visited the museum was enormously informative and gave us a better perspective on this spectacular exhibition.
The Searing Wing of the Ringling Museum featured a new exhibition,
'Samurai: The Way of the Warrior', which was on loan from the Museo Stibbert in Florence, Italy
Traditional Byobu screen from the 18th-century Japanese Tosa School of design was constructed out of painted fabric, coloured inks and gold leaves, and depicts a famous Samurai battle
Used to exemplify status and to strike fear in the enemy, this samurai helmet dates back to 17th-century Japan, is made of steel, gilded copper, lacquer, gold, Japanese foxglove tree, silk and Japanese deerskin
Full suits of Samurai armour from the early 18th-century
Muse Restaurant's outdoor terrace overlooking the pond
The inside entrance to Muse Restaurant from the Ringling Visitors Pavilion
The revamped purple-hued interior of Muse
The new menu at Muse, which is now a sister restaurant of Louies Modern of Sarasota
Glass of Antinori Santa Cristina Pinot Grigio from Venenzie, Italy
Nieto Malbec from Medoza, Argentina
Caesar's Devilled Eggs garnished with shaved garlic crumbs and julienned romaine
The Devilled Eggs sit on a pillow of tangy Caesar Parmesan dressing
Muse Crispy Calamari with Giada's hot tomato sauce and pepperoncini aioli
Muse Grilled Cheese with Amish cheddar and Danish gouda with an American bacon-jam served on grilled brioche
Seared Farroe Island Salmon Salad with "Rainbow" vegetables, house salad and shaved beets with a butternut and gogi berry dressing
Patrick Seidensticker, Manager of Muse
Raw Vegetables & Faroe Island Salmon Salad
Serves 4
Recipe courtesy of Chef Francis Casciato
Artisan greens of your choice
Julienne vegetables: beets, zucchini, yellow squash and baby bell peppers
Purple cabbage, shredded
Cubed watermelon
Grated feta cheese
4 4oz herbed seared salmon
Citrus dressing:
1 cup malt vinegar
1/2 cup white sugar
4 lemons, tested and juiced
2 oranges, tested and juiced
2 limes, tested and juiced
1/4 cup shallots
2 cups grapeseed oil
2 tbsp Dijon mustard
1/2 cup fresh parsley, roughly chopped


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We are pleased to announce that the Artificial Life journal now offers an option for authors to make their articles open access, upon payment of a fee. Open access articles are freely accessible to the public worldwide. Authors of previously published articles may also now make their work open access via the same process.
Further information is available in the Submission Guidelines and Open Access Program sections of the MIT Press Journals website.


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Services for Emeritus Faculty
Emeritus Faculty retain the same pre-retirement library privileges within the libraries. Limit of 200 items at any one time. Books, microforms, and government documents may be borrowed for one year (see borrowing privileges for faculty). Remote access services may be restricted due to frequently changing licensing agreements and interlibrary loan requests will be processed, as possible, after those by current faculty and students.
Find It!, the Libraries'single-search box tool that provides access to the Library Catalog, the Libraries' Digital Collections, and a mega-aggregated index of hundreds of millions of scholarly e-resources including articles, e-books, reviews, and legal documents, is freely available to all. See also the Library Catalog and WorldCat.
All New York State residents have access to the New York Online Virtual Electronic Library (NOVEL), which includes the full text of thousands of journals, newspapers and other references. All you need to log in is your New York State Driver License ID or DMV Non-Driver Photo ID. New York State residents may also apply for a library card from the New York Public Library, which can be used to access over 80 of NYPL's online databases from home. For more information about both of these programs, see our guide to Library Resources for NYS Residents.
You may also want to try the Online Reference Shelf, which has many free online resources.


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"Sites that promote and provide information on religions such as Wicca, Witchcraft or Satanism. Occult Practices, atheistic views, voodoo rituals or other forms of mysticism, [...] the use of spells, incantations, curses, and magic powers. This category includes sites which discuss or deal with paranormal or unexplained events."
"sites that advocate, depict hostility or aggression toward, or denigrate an individual or group on the basis of race, religion, gender, nationality, ethnic origin, or other involuntary characteristics."
"This category includes sites which discuss or deal with paranormal or unexplained events."
Views: 4504
OH NO WE CAN'T HAVE FREE THINKERS IN OUR CLASSROOM! . what a bunch of bronze age fools. I'm glad my English teacher challenged my religious views every time i brought up the subject. did you notice how i said every time i brought it up? he hated the subject i can honestly see why now. i would challenge his beliefs but they were unbreakable because he would back it up with real hard facts.
One can be sure that there will be a lawsuit concerning this...and there should be. This is just another sign of "Theocracy's Last Stand".
Oh, no. Religious events from our Bible are not considered paranormal or unexplained. This is all "gospel" and the gullible knows very well that it means "truth." (EXAMPLE: Jim, are you telling me the truth? Yep, that's the gospel.) My question is how will we ever have educated students if we limit and control what they are able to learn?
we must start a revolution!!!
Thanks everyone for your comments. Sorry not to reply sooner, it's been a rough few months for me and a lot to catch up on.
@Nathaniel Theising Glad to hear that this was being fought by CFI. Did you get any confirmation that is has been lifted in Indianapolis? (Or does anyone else know for sure?) That would be a big victory if that was the case.
@mcajq That's crazy that they block non-theist websites at your work. If they blocked Christian/religious websites too then it would be somewhat fair I suppose, but my guess is that it's similar to the Indiana ban and targeting non-mainstream beliefs on religion.
@Explonential I don't think it should be up to a school board to decide though which sites are crazy enough to be banned. The ban includes (or included, if it's over) atheist websites, too. Although I've been called crazy at times, not all atheists are. :-)
Hey good on them! Ban a few supernatural sites and the glare of student's gaze will be focused squarely on the craziness of the few that are left...
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ThyroPlex™ contains glandular thyroid, adrenal, hypothalamic, pituitary, and testicular or ovarian tissue. Principal ingredients are derived from New Zealand livestock.
No case of mad cow disease has ever been reported in New Zealand, which has had stringent controls in place since 1989 to prevent this from occurring. As an extra precaution, we have our thyroid products tested by an independent laboratory in the United States to ensure that they are safe to use.
What's the lowdown on low-dose thyroid?
According to a study conducted by James Isaacs, a pioneering cardiovascular surgeon in Baltimore, people who took 1/4 grain of thyroid over a period of 10 years had a significant improvement in cardiovascular function. (One serving of ThyroPlex contains the equivalent of 1/4 grain thyroid.)
Research also indicates that proper thyroid function is associated with:
Who Should Use ThyroPlex?
Per Dr. Wright, this product is for you if you have no overt endocrine disease and are over 40 (because this is when all the endocrine glands are going to start slowing down).
Caution: Not for use by children, pregnant or lactating women, or those who have an overt endocrine disease. Not for use by anyone sensitive to any of the ingredients.
Suggested Use: For adults over the age of 40, one capsule daily or as suggested by your physician.
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I started talking ThyroPlex and it supports my normal thyroid range. And I have more energy!
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As a nutritional consultant, I recommend Life Enhancement products continually. Also, as a stay-at-home dad, I don't know how I could handle my kids as well without your products.
I love Dr. Wright's ThyroPlex, because it supports the whole foundation: the thyroid and adrenal functions. This is an excellent product. I recommend it to my patients. When they take it, I am able to reduce the amount of prescription thyroid they need.
I have been taking ThyroPlex for Men, and I feel a lot better. My basal body temperature used to be 97.8; now it is consistently 98.8. I'm pleased.
Several months ago, I began to have a drop in energy, especially around midday. My naturopathic doctor suggested that I consider thyroid supplementation. I forgot about his recommendation until my birthday, when I received a birthday gift of ThyroPlex (economy size). In only a few days, I felt a difference, especially in terms of increased energy levels - which now remind me not to forget to take my ThyroPlex.
I am 71 years old and very active. I love your product, ThyroPlex. My nails feel stronger, and my hair is a lot better.
Other Ingredient: Gelatin capsule.


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Barack Obama will soon announce two more appointments to his second-term team — neither of them Cabinet-level appointments, but both significant in addressing Obama's second-term agenda, and perceived diversity deficiencies. First, the White House floated last night the name of the new director of the Office of Management and Budget, who will be the point person on Capitol Hill for the upcoming budget fights. Obama has chosen Wal-Mart executive Sylvia Matthews Burwell to lead that fight:
The 47-year-old Burwell is a Washington veteran, having served as OMB's deputy director in the Clinton administration and chief of staff to former Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin. She currently runs the Walmart Foundation, the retail giant's philanthropic wing, and previously served as president of the Gates Foundation's Global Development Program.
"Burwell's deep knowledge of budget and economic issues along with her record of fighting for working Americans make her the perfect choice to lead the OMB at this important time," a White House official told CBS News.
Burwell's nomination signals that the White House is trying to get back to normal business after the president and Congress failed to avert $85 billion in automatic spending cuts that took effect Friday. While the president has warned of dire consequences for the economy as a result of the cuts, the White House does not want the standoff with Congress to keep the president from focusing on other second-term priorities, including filling out his Cabinet and pursuing stricter gun laws and an overhaul of the nation's immigration system.
Obama made quick work of filling key national security openings in his administration, but has been slower to makes appointments for other Cabinet openings, including the OMB post. Vacancies also remain at the Environmental Protection Agency, the Commerce and Energy Departments, and the U.S. trade representative.
The selection of a Wal-Mart executive, even one that spent her time running the charitable effort of the retailer, may ruffle a few feathers in Obama's base. Wal-Mart is a villain in their melodramas, an exploiter of the poor and working class. Burwell's appointment will lift the public profile of their philanthropy, at least momentarily, and will lend further legitimacy to the overall corporation at a time when Obama is pushing a minimum-wage hike, in a bit of a mixed message. However, the selection also gives Obama some desperately-needed private-sector credibility within his administration, and it addresses a certain gender gap that appeared in Cabinet-level appointments in the second term.
The promotion of Gina McCarthy to succeed Lisa Jackson as EPA administrator also accomplishes both tasks, albeit a bit more subtly in the case of the private sector. McCarthy pushed the EPA's regulatory adventurism, but built better ties to private industry than Jackson managed to do, according to the Washington Post's Janet Eilperin:
On Monday, President Obama will nominate Gina McCarthy, who heads the Environmental Protection Agency's air and radiation office, as the agency's next administrator, and MIT professor Ernest Moniz as energy secretary, according to a White House official.
McCarthy helped usher through many of the EPA's most contentious rules during Obama's first term, including regulations curbing mercury and soot emissions from power plants. But she has also cultivated a strong working relationship with members of the business community, dampening much of the opposition her selection might otherwise have encountered. …
In March 2009, public health advocates S. William Becker and Frank O'Donnell were walking the halls of the EPA when they spotted McCarthy poring over briefing books. She was preparing for her Senate confirmation hearing as head of the agency's air and radiation office, and she was intent on defusing any controversy surrounding global warming.
"I know greenhouse gases are important, but I'm committed to strengthening public health protections," she told them.
It was an early indication of how the politically savvy McCarthy was prepared to get her way in Washington. A veteran of Republican administrations in Massachusetts and Connecticut, she has devoted much of the past four years to shepherding through air regulations that have protected public health — but that also have helped shutter power plants emitting greenhouse gases linked to climate change.
Interestingly, the only Cabinet-level appointment among the three is Moniz at Energy, replacing Stephen Chu as Secretary. Moniz worked in the Clinton administration and comes to this appointment after running MIT's Energy Initiative, which gives him solid credentials for his new assignment. None of the three are likely to run into major problems in confirmation hearings, although McCarthy will get lots of questions about the EPA's runaway regulatory push, especially from Senator Jim Inhofe.
It's interesting, though, that his appointment seems to be reported as almost an afterthought to McCarthy's in the Post's article despite the fact that Moniz will take a Cabinet position while McCarthy won't. It seems as though the administration wanted to bookend the appointment of another male to the Cabinet with the announcement of two women into important but non-Cabinet roles. They may still feel a bit bruised over the avalanche of criticism about the all-male national-security team Obama put in place, especially when Michelle Flournoy was available and arguably much more qualified at Defense.