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Chuck Lorre, the man behind such sitcoms as The Big Bang Theory and Two and a Half Men, is flexing his dramedy muscles with the upcoming series The Kominsky Method, a Chuck Lorre show that doesn't really feel like a Chuck Lorre show.
In the official trailer, which premiered Friday, Michael Douglas and Alan Arkin are two lifelong friends navigating the highs and lows of their later years with humor, attitude and lots of prostate jokes. "Your boat is slow? I'm like when the Titanic was pointing up," Arkin says in the video.
Douglas stars as Sandy, an aging actor-turned-acting coach trying to recapture his youth by dating a woman half his age. Meanwhile, Arkin plays Norman, Sandy's agent and best friend whose cantankerous disposition feels like a calmer version of Jack Lemmon in Grumpy Old Men. Judging from the trailer, this series will make you laugh and then kick you in the guy as these reluctant besties realize they're stuck with each other for the rest of their lives.
The series was co-created by Lorre who will also serve as executive producer. Look out for The Kominksy Method when it arrives on Netflix Friday, Nov. 16.Alan Arkin and Michael Douglas, The Kominsky Method" data-image-credit="Mike Yarish/Netflix" data-image-alt-text="�Alan Arkin and Michael Douglas, The Kominsky Method" data-image-credit-url="" data-image-target-url="" data-image-title="�Alan Arkin and Michael Douglas, The Kominsky Method" data-image-filename="181011-thekominskymethod-news.jpg" data-image-date-created="2018/10/12" data-image-crop="" data-image-crop-gravity="" data-image-aspect-ratio="" data-image-height="1380" data-image-width="2070" data-image-do-not-crop="" data-image-do-not-resize="" data-image-watermark="" data-lightbox="">
Other Links From TVGuide.com The Kominsky MethodMichael DouglasAlan Arkin


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subset: commoncrawl


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They are also hosting a Spookamole Recipe Contest, so enter your best recipe here - but hurry, submissions close at 11:59 pm on September 30.
I've entered my recipe for Ghoulish Green Brains, which was sponsored by Avocados from Mexico and Mom Central Consulting.
To read the full post on my (new! exciting!) product review blog, 1001 Things I Love, click here.
I'll tell you how to make delicious green avocado ice cream:
and how to transform it into thoroughly creepy, ghoulish green brains:
And yes, my kids loved them.
To read the full recipe and post, visit 1001 Things I Love - Ghoulish Green Brains - Avocado Ice Cream for Halloween.


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Your inbox is full get back with me before Monday
I just got them and tested a few. Many thanks! Rive Gauche stands out. Smell of a gentleman. Black is also really good and, at first, it does smell of rubber. Really wanted to test this one for the intriguing reviews. Also put some Number One on my hand. Nice too. Old school. I can smell the honey.
Once again, thank you very much for your kindness. It is highly appreciated.
I wish you a splendid day!
Best regards,
Basenotes is an online guide to perfume and fragrance, featuring news, a database of fragrances, perfume glossary, fragrance forums, user reviews and more.


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SAN JOSE, Calif. – The United States Men's National Team will open a three-game FIFA World Cup send-off series against Azerbaijan at Candlestick Park on Tuesday, May 27. Kickoff is 7 p.m. PT on ESPN2, WatchESPN and UniMas.
The match marks the first time the USMNT will visit Candlestick Park. The U.S. has only played in San Francisco once before, garnering a 3-2 win against Japan at AT&T Park in 2006. The match will also be the first time the United States and Azerbaijan's senior teams have played against each other.
In addition to the match in San Francisco, the United States will also face Turkey at Red Bull Arena in Harrison, N.J. on Sunday, June 1 (11 a.m. PT / ESPN2, WatchESPN and UniMas) and Nigeria at EverBank Field in Jacksonville, Fla. on Saturday, June 7 (3 p.m. PT / ESPN, WatchESPN and UniMas).
"We are absolutely thrilled with the schedule we have put together for the Send-Off Series," said U.S. Men's National Team head coach Jurgen Klinsmann. "We have some fantastic opponents that will help us get prepared for the teams we will meet in the World Cup, and also the opportunity to experience different climates and conditions in the venues. There has been amazing support from our fans these last years on our path to Brazil, and we know there will be awesome atmospheres in each of the stadiums. It's the perfect way to start our journey."
Ticket information for all three matches will be provided at a later date. To receive updated ticketing information, join the U.S. Soccer Supporters Club at any level. Members at the Star Club and above will have access to priority ticketing benefits.
The U.S. will begin its World Cup training camp in mid-May. The exact starting date and location will be released in the near future.
After the match in Jacksonville, the U.S. MNT will travel to Sao Paulo, Brazil, its base camp location during the World Cup. The U.S. is training at Sao Paulo FC, and will conduct its final preparations in advance of Group G matches against Ghana, Portugal and Germany.


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Sorry, to necro old thread.
I found out a couple new things while replaying this game, and I can't seem to find it anywhere else.
Might as well write this down somewhere.
1. How Dreams works
- Advisor likes having high PR & hates low PR.
Once I tried to manually become emperor. 100 PR for me, 0 PR on Emperor. And all my Advisor had discontent at 20-ish PR. When I ascent, all my Advisor resigned.
- Advance likes active action (not building stuff) & hates doing nothing for a long time.
- Safety likes being placed in a city without hostile neighbor & hates being sent to war.
- Territorial is weird. It starts out as Advance, but become Safety after you got 8-9 cities.
Which is a very big problem because in my current game, since my lineage are all Territorial. So now I have to use my best warriors sparingly. Goddamnit.
- Preserve likes building stuff. They keep building stamina even while working. No idea that they hate.
- Justice hates being placed in a city with low public security. No idea what they like. Everything else is fine for them, I guess.
- Loyalty likes everything.
- Retirement hates everything.
- Completely no what idea Talent, Control, & Empire does. At least I know Empire doesn't mind low PR, but that's it.
2. Discontent
It's easy to tell which officer is building Discontent. Just go to Talk menu, and the officers are already sorted by their Discontent level, the top being the most displeased. My lineage always shots to the top of the list after I sent them to War, along with Safety officers. At least it's makes talking to officers way faster. Just talk to the top one, and you're done.
Also, officers seem to build discontent if you place them with other officers who have different Dreams. Some of my officers voiced their satisfaction, eventhough I never use them for anything. It stopped happening after I dumped officers with same Dreams in one city, so... take it as you will.
The game randomly pair POWs & free officers with the officers at your capital for successful recruitment. Meaning, sometimes, you could Recruit people using officer with lower Charm; which... I just realized, that it defeats the purpose of having Charm in the first place). Dreams compatibility doesn't matter.
This pairing seems to change every January (Tax) and July (Harvest). Which means every January and July, you better try to Recruit every existing POWs & free officers with every existing officers in your capital. Now imagine you just defeat Wu, and imprisoned each and everyone of them. Good Luck.
Oh btw, some recruitment needs gifts, so try to at least offer 1000 Gold.


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jurisdiction(redirected from jurisdictionally)
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Power. The concept that a court or government authority may exercise control over a person or property because of the location of the property,the activities of a person within a geographic area,or a person's request for assistance from that authority,thereby voluntarily subjecting themselves to jurisdiction.


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Renovated in 2006–7, the Arthur and Janet C. Ross Library contains 170,000 volumes in Classical studies and the history of art and architecture.
Especially strong and widely respected are its collections in ancient Mediterranean archaeology and art, Greek and Latin literature, ancient topography (including the history of the city of Rome), ancient religions, and related fields such as epigraphy, numismatics, and papyrology.
From our own Archeological Study Collection curated by the Norton-Van Buren Seminar Room and online Library catalog to comprehensive listings of online journals, periodical indexes, and external databases, the American Academy in Rome offers a wealth of informational resources.
Photo Archive
The Photographic Archive of the American Academy in Rome consists of several valuable and specialized collections of photographs on archaeology, architecture and art, as well as landscape architecture and gardens. It also includes special collections important to the history of the Academy.
Askew Collection (1932)
A. Beato and H. Des Granges Collection (second half of nineteenth century)
Bini Collection (1970–80)
Cosa Collection (1948–88)
Detweiler Collection (ca. 1930)
Fototeca Unione (ca. 1936–present)
Gatteschi Collection (1900–35)
Knauer Collection (1960)
Laidlaw Collection (1960–80)
Library Collection (until 1939)
Ludwig Collection (1967–68)
McCann Collection (1965–87)
Moscioni Collection (1868–1921)
Parker Collection (ca. 1865–1879)
Regia Collection (1965–75)
Van Deman Collection (1898–1930)
Vermeule Collection (1966, 1976)
Warsher Collection (ca. 1930–37)
Winslow Collection (ca. 1950–60)
Special Collections
American Academy in Rome, Buildings and Memories (1904–present)
Berman Collection (ca. 1950)
Fellows' Work Collection (1911–60)
Aronson Collection (1979)
Landscape Architecture and Gardens
Landscape Collection (ca. 1918–20)
Masson Collection (ca. 1950–70)
J. K. Smith Collection (ca. 1923)
Contemporary Collections
Abigail Cohen Collection (1990–2000)
Paul Warchol Collection (2001)
A Question of Time Collection (2009)
Askew Collection (1932)
Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum. 296 gelatin plates and prints. The collection is made up of photographs commissioned by Henry Ess Askew, FAAR'32, for his study of the Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum. In 1931–32 photographs of the reliefs of the Arch were taken by photographer Cesare Faraglia, while Askew took most of the detail photographs himself. In 1938, as Askew was unable to finish his work, the Academy took over the rights for publication and the glass-plate negatives. The project was taken over by Erling Olsen, FAAR'39, but was interrupted by World War II, in which he lost his life. Olsen left his notes at the American Academy.
The work was finally completed by Richard Brilliant FAAR'62 and published in 1967 as The Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum (Memoirs of The American Academy in Rome, 29).
A. Beato and H. Des Granges Collection (second half of nineteenth century)
Archaeological views of Thebes (Egypt), architecture and monuments in Jerusalem. 21 vintage prints.
Bini Collection (1970–80)
Archaeological sites in Rome and in the Roman world. Roman and Etruscan art. Some Medieval and Renaissance art and architecture. Ca. 5,000 negatives on film and 1,500 slides
Cosa Collection
Photographic documentation of excavations conducted by AAR in the ancient town of Cosa (Etruria/Tuscany), in 1948–88. Ca. 1,260 gelatin plates; ca. 2,500 film negatives; ca. 7,400 in 35mm; ca. 13,000 prints.
Detweiler Collection (ca. 1930)
Archaeological sites in the Middle East (Iran, Iraq, and Syria). Ca. 800 negatives on film and 2,120 vintage prints
Fototeca Unione (ca. 1936 to the present)
Architecture and topography of Rome and of the Roman world. 29,175 negatives on film and prints. The Fototeca Unione was created and enlarged by Ernest Nash as a center of visual research in ancient Roman architecture and topography. The original patrimony donated by Nash to the International Union of Institutes of Archaeology, History, and History of Art numbered 3,135 negatives and 1,500 photographic prints. The American Academy in Rome has housed this collection since 1956.
Ernest Nash, born in 1898 near Potsdam, came to Italy in 1936. Here he developed his two great interests: the study of the architecture of ancient Rome and the practice of photography. He set out to record remains in Rome and in other archaeological sites, such as Pompeii, Ostia, and Herculaneum. In 1939 he was forced to emigrate to the United States because of the Italian racial laws. In 1952 Nash moved back to Italy, where he died in 1974. The photographs taken by Nash beginning with his first visit to Italy are still considered an important visual resource for the study of ancient monuments. Over the years, while Nash was the Director of the Fototeca, the original nucleus on Rome and ancient Italy was augmented by photos of the Roman Empire (many of them taken by Nash himself) and of medieval monuments, as well as reproductions from other archives and relevant graphic documentation.
A selection of Nash's most important pictures was used in his publication Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome (1962). The Fototeca Unione continued to grow after the death of Nash until 1992, from 14,000 to over 30,000 negatives with new photographic campaigns in Italy, North Africa, and the Middle East. In 1979–82 the collection, already internationally well known, was made more accessible through its reproduction in microfiche, which can be consulted in major university libraries.
Gatteschi Collection (1900–35)
Architecture and reconstruction drawings of Imperial Rome. 4 portfolios: 300 vintage prints. The Gatteschi Collection in the Photographic Archive of the American Academy in Rome is composed by photographs of Roman architecture compared with reconstructive architectural drawings of Imperial Rome. It consists of 346 photographic prints (316 silver salt and 30 albumen prints) that may be dated from the end of the nineteenth century to the 1930s.
The reconstruction drawings were signed by various artists, always under the direction of Gatteschi; these include Guido e Augusto Trabacchi, Bellioni, and Angeletti. We do not know the names of the photographers, but there were definitely more than one. In some cases the work of professional photographers was used, and in others the photographer was probably Gatteschi himself. He often appears in the photograph to provide a human scale, with the monuments in the background. The two prints were mounted on a single board (10 are singles) to allow comparison between the reconstruction proposed by Gatteschi and the archeological ruins depicted in the photograph. This kind of layout was conceived by Gatteschi himself, as he explained in the preface of his book Restauri della Roma Imperiale (1924). The collection also includes photos of topographical maps annotated by Gatteschi himself.
Knauer Collection
Monumental sites in Mediterranean area and in Northern Europe.
Laidlaw Collection (1960–80)
First Style of Pompeian painting. 2,430 negatives on film.
Library Collection (until 1939)
Art and archaeology of Italy and Europe. Ca. 2,000 lantern slides, ca. 2,000 albumen and gelatine prints, and ca. 1,000 stereoscopic lantern slides.
Ludwig Collection
Renaissance marble reliefs.
McCann Collection
Documentation created during the Cosa port excavations.
Moscioni Collection (1868–1921)
Etruscan sites and art objects of Etruscan provenance. 926 gelatin plates and vintage prints. Romualdo Moscioni was born in Viterbo and came to Rome in 1868 to set up a photographic practice, specializing in archaeology, architecture, and art. He published four editions of his catalogue, the last (greatly revised) in 1921. After his death in 1929, his archive of ca. 30,000 glass plates was divided among the American Academy (donated by Prentice Duell), the Photographic Archive of the Vatican Museums, the Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione, and the Archivio Fotografico Comunale in Rome.
Parker Collection (ca. 1865–79)
Roman and Medieval art and architecture in Italy. 240 collodion glass plates and modern prints, 67 vintage prints. John Henry Parker was born in London in 1806. An English scholar, he was interested in the history of architecture and in restoration. After a period spent in Rome, Parker entered the field of classical archaeology. In 1868 he founded the British and American Archaeological Society of Rome. In 1870 he was elected director of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. He died there in 1884.
From 1867 to 1870 he carried out his main project to photograph the principal monuments of Rome, from the classical age to 1600. He employed local photographers De Bonis, Filippo Spina, Carlo Baldassare Simelli, Francesco Sidoli, Filippo Lais, and Giovanni Battista Colamedici, as well as a Canadian one, Charles Smeaton. The glass plate negatives at the American Academy in Rome are all that survives of the over 3,300 photographs of Roman and medieval architecture and art executed and cataloged under his direction. The collection has a considerable interest, especially as it documents the excavations made in the second half of the nineteenth century. Many of his photographs were used to illustrate his publication Archaeology of Rome (1874–76).
In 1893 Parker's archive of negatives was destroyed in a fire in the Palazzo Negroni-Caffarelli in Via Condotti in Rome. Beside the American Academy and the Archivio Fotografico Comunale in Rome, which have a considerable number of prints, almost complete sets of Parker prints are in the British School and in the German Archaeological Institute (Rome), in the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology (University of Michigan), and in the Ashmolean Museum and the Bodleian Library (Oxford).
Regia Collection
Photographic documentation of the excavations conducted by AAR in the Regia in the Roman Forum, in 1948–65. 97 glass plate negatives, ca. 70 contacts; 97 digital images. 7 films 13 x 18.
Van Deman Collection (1898–1930)
Archaeology, architecture and building techniques in the Roman world. Travels in Europe and Africa. 2,727 cellulose nitrate negatives, vintage prints and modern prints.
The collection is composed by the photographs taken by Esther Van Deman during archaeological surveys in the Roman Campagna, excavations in the Roman Forum, and study trips in Europe, Italy, and North Africa between 1898 and 1930. It is a rare specimen of a personal and professional photographic archive, which also provides interesting insights into contemporary life.
Esther Van Deman was born in 1862 in Ohio. In 1901–3, she was a student at the American School of Classical Studies in Rome, carrying out research on the Vestals, a topic central to her interest. Van Deman's close involvement in the contemporary archaeological reality turned her original interest into the study of more specifically archaeological problems. As Carnegie Fellow from 1906 to 1910 and FASCSR'09, she continued her study of Roman building materials and techniques. Except for brief periods in America for teaching and lectures, she stayed in Rome, where she died in 1937.
Van Deman taught herself the art of photography and found a passionate fellow photographer in the British archaeologist Thomas Ashby, with whom she undertook the study of Roman aqueducts. Some of Van Deman's photographs were used in her important publications on Roman topography and architecture: The Atrium Vestae (1909); The Building of Roman Aqueducts (1934); and particularly Ancient Roman Construction in Italy from the Prehistoric Era to Augustus (1947). This book, on which she was still working at her death, was published posthumously and edited by her colleague and friend, Marion Blake.
Vermeule Collection
Greek and Roman antiquities.
Warsher Collection (ca. 1930–37)
Pompeii. 18 albums: ca. 1,500 vintage prints.
Winslow Collection (ca. 1950–60)
Roman architecture and aqueducts in the Campagna Romana. 3 albums: ca. 300 vintage prints.
Special Collections
American Academy in Rome, Buildings and Memories
The collection is composed by photographs of the various seats the American Academy in Rome had from its founding, images on the construction of the McKim, Mead & White building (1913–14), interior and exterior views of the building, Villa Aurelia (early twentieth century) and other AAR properties. The "Memories" section includes the opening of the Academy Gallery and of the annual exhibitions (1920–59), the visits of King Victor Emanuel III and other dignitaries, moments from the fellows' life, AAR staff, and other AAR events.
Berman Collection (ca. 1950)
Theater, ballet, and opera designs. Personal travel albums and portraits. 420 negatives and 10 albums. Eugene Berman (1899–1972) was a painter and designer for the opera, theater, and ballet. He was a Resident at the Academy in 1959. Upon his death he left the Academy his negatives and prints, both personal (travel albums, portraits etc.) and professional (photographs of his drawing and stage designs). He also donated 1,100 books on art and architecture to the Library.
Fellows' Work Collection (1911–60)
Painting, sculpture, studies in architecture and landscape. Ca. 2,000 gelatin plates and vintage prints. The photographs in this collection were made between 1911 and 1961. The bulk of the collection consists of record photographs of architectural drawings, landscape drawings, paintings, and sculptures created by ca. 250 Fellows and Visitors, either individually or as part of collaborative projects. The collection has significant archival value for the Academy's institutional history while at the same time presenting a chronological view of artistic trends and tastes over a fifty-year period. Also included are photographs of the opening of the Academy Gallery and of the annual exhibitions (1920–59), the visits of King Victor Emanuel III and dignitaries, and interior and exterior views of the Academy's buildings and grounds.
Landscape Architecture and Gardens
Landscape Collection (ca. 1918–20)
Italian villas and gardens. 3,200 prints.
Masson Collection (ca. 1950–70)
Italian architecture, villas, and gardens. 5,500 negatives on film. Marion Babs Johnson, who published under the pseudonym of Georgina Masson, lived in Rome from the middle of the 1940s. She wrote various historical studies and biographies, but her greatest interest was the city of Rome and Italian architecture, especially villas and gardens. A specialist on this subject, she used her photographs in her publications Italian Villas and Palaces (1959) and her very famous Companion Guide to Rome (1965).
During her lifetime in Rome she was very close to AAR, and upon her death in 1980 she willed to the American Academy all her photographic negatives, slides, and color trasparencies. The subjects of the collection are mainly Italian architecture, villas and gardens, cityscapes, and landscapes. The negatives are datable from the late 1940s through the 1960s. A part of the collection is also of remarkable anthropological interest, such as those negatives on costumes, local processions, and religious rites. Masson's negatives and notes on botany, gardens, and horticulture, closely related to the material bequeathed to the American Academy, are conserved in the Camillo Caetani Foundation in Rome.
J. K. Smith Collection (ca. 1923)
Architecture and gardens in Italy and Europe. 1,060 prints and 660 photomechanical prints.
Contemporary Collections
Aronson Collection (aerial views of Rome).
Paul Warchol Collection (7 photographs depicting a house designed by Toshiko Mori).
Abigail Cohen Collection
A Question of Time Collection (selection of contemporary photographs from the exhibitions held at the American Academy in Rome, 2009–10).


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The sign, offering office space for rent, recently appeared on the façade of the Aldona Fire Protection Inc. building on 74th Street on the border between Elmhurst and Maspeth.
Five years ago, Aldona applied for a variance to build three additional stories on top of an existing two-story building, citing a need for more space for the expanding company.
Community Board 5e voted against the application, but the city's Board of Standards and Appeals (BSA) granted it anyway.
Today, the for rent sign has CB5 members worried Aldona is set to take unfair advantage of its extra space by renting it to an outside tenant.
"This is a very hard economic situation," said Aldona's vice president of Operations, Dariusz Skarzinski in an interview in which he explained his company's decision to test the rental market. "I'm exploring every angle possible. What can I do to survive in this market?"
Aldona provides fire protection and securities services to a roster of mostly city and state clients that includes the city's Department of Homeless Services, School Construction Authority, and the state Department of Environmental Protection.
Skarzinski said Aldona has several contracts with city and state agencies that, facing large budget deficits, have not been paid. To make up for the shortfall, said Skarzinski, Aldona, which does $2 million to $3 million a year in business, is thinking of renting the third floor of his five-story building
"That certainly appears to go against what he [Aldona] had the BSA believe; that he needed to build that high for his own purposes," said CB5 District Manager Gary Giordano.
If the company finds an interested tenant, Skarzinski said Aldona's attorney would then approach BSA to verify the legality of renting the space. Responding to community opposition to the sign, and generally to his building, Skarzinski said he has been treated unjustly ever since he applied for the variance.
"I've been targeted by members of Community Board 5 from the beginning," said Skarzinski. "They are just trying to make my life miserable. For what reason, I have no idea."
In 2004, Aldona proposed building three additional stories on top of the two existing ones at a company building at 54-14 74th Street. At the time, the company had four different sites and said it wanted to consolidate them at the 74th Street facility, but would need more space there to accommodate the growing business.
In March of that year, the company applied for a variance to the existing M1-1 zoning laws regulating building code on the eastern fringe of Maspeth.
CB5 was the first to review the application for the proposed 58-foot building. The community board decided the proposed five-story building would be out-of-character in the neighborhood that lacked enough off-site parking.
On March 10, 2004, CB5 recommended, by a vote of 30-2, to reject the variance application. Nevertheless, four months later, on July 20, BSA granted Aldona permission to build the additional stories. A BSA stipulation in its resolution, however, made clear the city would regulate future use of the space.
"Any use of the subject premises exclusively for office use, or any change to the approved plans," BSA's resolution stated, "requires the prior approval of the board."
Skarzinski, who said he plans to notify BSA if Aldona finds a tenant, admits that won't be easy right now.
"So far I don't have anybody interested," he said. "It's a very hard market,"
Aldona, which employs 20 people, currently occupies the first two floors of the building. The other three, built after 2004, are nearing completion. Skarzinksi said construction is 90 percent done. The original plan had been to move employees into all three floors. Now, to bring in additional revenue Skarzinski said the company needs, he plans to rent the third floor.
The expansion should have meant the realization of a business dream for the Polish-born Skarzinksi, who immigrated to the United States over 20 years ago with, as he put it, "$1,000 and a suitcase." Instead, the building project has turned into a headache, said Skarzinski, as Aldona is running into constant bureaucratic roadblocks.
Skarzinski estimated he has spent more than $500,000 in the process of applying for, and securing the building variance, and untold hours over the years dealing with community opposition to his business.
When asked if, given the chance to do it again, he would have gone ahead with the building expansion, or just relocated his business somewhere outside of Queens, Skarzinski did not hesitate to say he would have done things differently.
"I wouldn't do this job in the community. I would have saved money, time, and just moved away," Skarzinski said. "From every angle I'm being beaten. It's a little too much. Sometimes people should know when to stop with this harassment."


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Christ Is Risen!
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What is better? Quality daycare or the kids being at home with me in our current situation?
By 4pm, I'll be sitting on the couch nursing the baby and have to seriously fight to keep my eyes open.
TinaG - how many children do you have? Sounds like you have some experience too!kmm
Thanks all,TinaG,I'm not having to pump yet as I probably won't start working until Sept., although I may work for May-June (with the summer off) if I can find someone appropriate temporarily. I'll probably be working just mornings 5 days per week though (and I'll just do marking and prep at other times), so may just have my little guy supplemented with formula for the morning and that shouldn't effect my milk supply with such short shifts. Well, 2 kids is still exhausting, I find, but I agree with you - moms of big families blow me away! I cannot figure out they do it. The crazy thing here is that I don't think we could have a big family anyway - housing co-ops (which is what we live in) have limits as to how many kids you can have per bedroom (2 max.), boys and girls cannot share rooms after the age of 5, and adults cannot share a room with kids (although I'm assuming that co-sleeping or having an infant's crib in your room doesn't count...). But even if we actually had our own home, I know that in some provinces (I'm not sure about mine), social services starts getting involved if too many kids/parents are sharing rooms (if they find out about it - I had a student who shared his bedroom in a small apartment with mom, dad, and little sis so they could afford to send their kids to private school, and most were none the wiser). Since the average detached home in our greater city region now costs one million dollars (I'm Canadian - we have not suffered the US's housing market meltdown), I don't imagine many people with families can afford a home big enough to house lots of kids. But I digress (which I do a lot - SORRY!). I'm a tad chatty and I type quickly. You should see me in real life...I'm almost 35 so my childbearing years are starting to slow down. I think it may help to start having kids younger if you want a large family - my stamina was far better in my early 20's, and I hadn't yet done too much damage to myself. I know what you mean about starting new careers. I did that when I went and did my second degree to become a teacher with a big student loan, but I didn't yet have kids. You're right - it's way too hard most of the time. At least though TinaG you do have the interest and at least some expertise to help out others, on this board for instance, with the whole breastfeeding thing, which can often be quite challenging (it was with my 1st - the second was a breeze).
TinaGWell that explains why every time my husband and I watch something like "Supernanny" (which we don't too often, really!)
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The Al Masar gallery in Zamalek is showcasing the latest collection of young artist Kareem Al Qurity, called Passing Faces. The artist was inspired by the faces in the crowds during the revolution and political events of the past two years.
Al Qurity grew up around art: "During my childhood my father was interested in practicing sculpture and he has always cared about my own and my siblings' self expression through art. His specialisation was psychological health and child's psychology through drawing."
His childhood experience assisted him during his college years: "It helped me to realise a new dimension to art while I was studying at the Faculty of Art Education. I studied many subjects there other than the artistic specialisations of sculpture and painting, such as creative psychology and the effect of art on society through studying anthropology and sociology. In addition, the syllabi were daring and there was a great space for self-expression with material and without restriction on the artistic method."
He used different materials throughout his current exhibition to achieve certain effects. "In my black and white paintings I use coal, and in the smaller works I use pastel. As for the paintings that are exhibited in the hallway, these are some of my older work and I used multiple materials, such as oil and acrylic on wood and canvas. In the coal paintings I use coal powder with coal pencils and in the soft paintings I use pastel over textured paper."
The collection is a series of portrait paintings that express contemporary situations in Egypt. We asked Al Qurity to explain his vision for the collection. "They were faces that were printed in my memory, I summoned them from my optical storage and from daily observation. [The collection] with all its social, political and religious connotations was made in sculptural way. The faces' features differ but the external lines remain the same. I think the collection is a new stage in my work because it depends on the psychological traits of the characters with varying optical features," said Al Qurity.
Asked about the darkened pupils in all the paintings, Al Qurity explained: "The art of portrait depends on the eyes as an essential key to understanding the personality and to recognise it. My confirmation of the darkness of the eyes helped me unify the surrounding atmosphere of the characters and make it mysteriously anonymous, meaning they share the same bleakness and the same fate."
The artist shared the only artist he considers worthy: "Abdel Hady Al Gazar is the only artist that expressed the society beyond fakeness and embellishment,"
When asked what we can expect from him in the future Al Qurity said: "I am currently trying my hand at sculpture for the first time and I don't know yet what the outcome will be."


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15 Jul 2019
16 Jul 2019
Academics World 637th International Academic Conference on Development in Science and Technology IACDST (36 Views)
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Book Tickets Online
AboutThe museum was officially opened on the 29th May 2011 by Henry Farwell American veteran of the 386th Bomb Group based at Boxted in 1943.
The opening was the result of 10 years fundraising and 4 years construction. The Boxted Airfield Historical Group was formed in 2000. The ground held fly-ins on the airfield between 2002 and 2006 the small profit from these was used to start the fundraising. In 2008 we became a registered charity and applied to the Heritage lottery fund for a grant. We were delighted when they allocated £34,000 for our project. This has funded the exhibition Nissen hut (an original from the airfield that has been restored). A second brand new Nissen hut was funded by our group from a building block fundraising initiative; we use this building as a visitor centre. The museum displays include the nose gearing mechanism from a P47 Thunderbolt, the largest piece of a B26 Marauder in the UK, the WW2 diary of the 386th bomb group, as well as artefacts from the airfield and general WW2 items, as well as the 386th the airfield was home to the 354th fighter group (the first until to fly the merlin engined mustang) and the 56th most famous of the American fighter groups with more kills and more aces than any other group. The only Congressional medal of honour awarded to a fighter pilot flying in Europe was gived to Jim Howard stationed in Boxted. The first American Air Sea rescue squadron was formed at Boxted in 1944. When the war ended the RAF used the base until 1947.
Guide Prices
Admission £3 accompanied children free. No concessions
- Disabled access
- Disabled toilets
- On-site light refreshments
- Picnic site
- Children welcome
- Facilities for educational visits
- Facilities for groups
- Guided tours for groups
- Free Parking
Property Facilities
- Dogs not accepted (except guidedogs)
- Gift shop
- Guided tours for individuals
- Smoking not allowed
Target Markets
- Accepts groups
- Coach parties accepted
Map & Directions
Road Directions
The nearest railway station is North Station, which is 5 miles away.


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text: New qualifying private placement exemption from UK withholding tax on interest: good news Global Tax News Share this 22 MAR 2016 By: Kelly Lovegrove The Finance Act 2015 introduced certain gateway conditions for the new exemption from UK withholding tax on interest payments for "qualifying private placements." The Qualifying Private Placement Regulations 2015 setting out the detailed conditions for relief have now been made. While January 1, 2016 was appointed as the effective date, the exemption potentially benefits existing and new loans. The exemption is likely to be particularly welcome to non-UK (but non-tax haven) lenders resident in a jurisdiction which has a double tax treaty with the UK which does not provide for full exemption from withholding tax on interest. Some major jurisdictions like China, South Korea, India, Israel, Australia and Indonesia do not reduce withholding tax to zero in the treaties with the UK, but their lenders can now qualify for this new relief. This may be labelled an exemption for private placements, but it is no such thing. It applies to all forms of loans (subject to the requisite conditions being met) and is as relevant for a simple bilateral loan as it is for a private placement of notes. It can also be claimed in preference to more complicated and administratively cumbersome reliefs, like the treaty passport or the old-style treaty claims, which is good news because it avoids timing risk for borrowers. The exemption is also good news for borrowers and lenders because it increases the pool of potential lenders that can join a syndicate without an associated withholding cost. The Loan Market Association (LMA), which produces template documentation upon which the majority of EMEA loan agreements are based, is understood to be working on updated templates. Updates to the LMA templates are awaited. Find out more by contacting the authors.


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A Trip To The Taj Mahal
Taj acquires a different hue at different time of the day. You might have seen Taj 15 times but when you return back to see it 16th times, you will find it something different from the earlier visit. The Taj at noon, the Taj at sunset, under the full moon, against the setting sun, and against the rising ball of fire, each time the mausoleum acquires a different accent and tells a different story. It was a reminder of the love of a king for his queen Mumtaz Mahal who could inspire such a monument and also of the king himself who could sign his love across the horizon.
Whichever story it tells, there is a certain vulnerability, a softness about Taj Mahal that always touches the visitor. The white structure, actually nothing but a grave and yet so much more, stands unassumingly in spite of the yellowing pollution retaining a certain charm that takes the breath away.
The glory of Taj Mahal as seen today is considerably reduced. Historians and travelers have recorded a spectacle of grandeur and extravaganza when Shahjahan had built it. The beautifully laid out gardens holding out the Taj almost a thousand feet away from the entrance gate are said to have been beyond description. It is said that the gardens are modeled along the Persian Char Bagh style. Paved inroads divide the patches of green and little fountains and mark the two halves of the garden.
The Taj stands on a raised platform. At the entrance there are two sets of stairs, one leading to the real sarcophagus and the other to cenotaph counterparts. Rising on all four sides are minarets and in the center lies the magnificent dome over the central hall. The dome is crucial to Islamic architecture, cosmologically uniting heaven and earth. The square edifice represents the material universe while the dome symbolizes the vault of heaven. The Taj itself is octagonal and the base is said to represent the transitional phase. The finial, the golden needle at the top is indicative of the region of transcendence.
On the grave itself 99 names of Allah are inscribed and it is said to have lain inside a gem-encrusted balustrade. On it were placed bowls of jewelry, all of which together could still not match the beauty of the one who lay interred there. Persian carpets and sheets of silver for the door keep the silence in the mausoleum in splendorous solemnity. From the ceiling hung a glittering golden globe with convex mirror. While there were other chandeliers too, this was the most beautiful one and had come from Aleppo and it constantly wove patterns in the room.
The Italian Architect of Taj
Was the main architect of Taj, an Italian jeweler named Geronimo Veroneo? Though the claim was never proved, but it certainly created a lot of controversies. The claim has been mostly advocated by the European writers though there is not much in support of this theory in India.
According to the story, unwilling to allow the native artisans all the credit for excellence in creating the most magnificent building in the world, Father Manrique in 1641 advanced the preposterous claim of the Italian jeweler Geronimo Veroneo as architect of Taj Mahal. Father Manrique was an Augustinian Friar who came to Lahore for the release of one Father Antony who was captured by the Mughals. And yes, there was an Italian jeweler by the name of Geronimo Veroneo, who lived in Agra for some time. If ever this Italian jeweler was really commissioned, he was overawed by the mammoth work and cost, and wisely ran away to Surat in 1632 when the project had just started. Shahjahan had asked Veroneo, says Manrique, to spend two crores. The jeweler who only designed necklaces and bracelets proved thoroughly incompetent for the royal project and vanished from the scene, escaping the Emperor's ire but providing much mirth and chuckles to the native artisans. Even if we accept that Veroneo had a part in designing the Taj, it is somehow unthinkable to have only one designer for this great monument. In most probability, he was just one of the many who worked on Taj Mahal at that time.
Veroneo later died on the way while he was going to Lahore and buried in the Roman Catholic Cemetery of Agra. There had for long been a belief that this architect of the Taj lay buried in the cemetery, but no one knew where. Then in 1945, Father Hyacinth, Superior Regular of Agra scraped the moss of a tombstone, revealing the simple epitaph: "Here lies Jerome Veronio, who died at Lahore."
Taj History and Legends
On June 17, 1631 Mumtaz Mahal died, after delivering her fourteenth child "Gauharar". Shahjahan stood dazed, unable to comprehend the situation. She had died leaving all her children, mother, and relations to his care. But he had promised her never to remarry and to build the grandest mausoleum over her grave. Her body received a temporary burial in the Zainabadi Garden in Burhanpur and in six months time removed to Agra. Shahjahan had already acquired from Raja Jai Singh a plot of land on the riverside. Here was to be built the Taj Mahal. Work on the tomb started in a frenzy with thousands of artisans and laborers toiling ceaselessly. The first anniversary urs was held in June 1632 amid royal pomp and show, attended by Shahjahan and Jahanara. The Mughal Emperor was a picture of grief.
On the second urs on May 26, 1633 the mausoleum had taken shape and the crypt chamber and the surrounding works accomplished. Peter Mundy's eyewitness account relates: "There is already about her Tomb a rail of gold. The building is begun and goes on with excessive labor and cost, prosecuted with extraordinary diligence. Gold and silver esteemed common Metal, and Marble but as ordinary stones. He intends as some think, to remove all the City hither, causing hills to be made level because they might not hinder the prospect of it, places appointed for streets, shops, etc. Dwellings, commanding Merchants, shopkeepers, Artificers to Inhabit (it) where they begin to repair and called by her name, Tage Gunge 'Taj Ganj". This fabulous gold railing made of 40,000 tolas of gold and encrusted with precious gems and diamonds, enclosed the grave lying under magnificent golden constellation of orbs and lamps.


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This course will give you great ideas for going about your own projects, and allow you to conceive your vision and mission for work and life from the entrepreneurship point of view. Through practical exercises, you will be able to bring to the table the kind of sway you long to hold, but for the moment is only a dream. With this course, you will be able to apply this material and parlay it into real feats and concrete actions through innovative initiative.
Mission and Vision:
You will be able to define your mission and vision, and customize it to your individual talents and duties. You will learn the difference between these concepts and how they are constantly at play with each other, as each one relies on the next.
Motivation and Talents:
This course will give you an opportunity to take an introspective view of your talents and motivations, so you can focus on how to develop plans aimed at applying and utilizing that knowledge in your daily life. You will be able to channel your strengths in your day to day life and develop sway that you once thought impossible.
Proactive Approach:
The approach taken in this course is absolutely proactive, and holds that dreaming and imagining are the starting point for new realities, from which we draw our main ideas for taking up something new. Moreover, it invites the participants to take a break from what they're doing and figure out how to apply this knowledge to construct a reality that agrees with them, and take on some projects that let them live that reality. Thus, taking a proactive approach can make things happen, this is entrepreneurship. Everyone has their own ideas and dreams, and logically they are capable of pursuing them and making them reality.


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How are you getting along with English & Japanese? I do hope that this website would be one of nice places for someone making an effort to improve English and having interest in Japanese culture. I would be more than happy to be of service to you ♪
Please enjoy a pleasant time together with me!!
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If you drink more alcohol than you want to or should, you're not alone. A nationwide survey by the National Institutes of Health found that 28 percent of adults in the U.S. are heavy drinkers or drink more than is recommended.
Yet, most heavy drinkers don't get the help they need.
"The biggest problem we have in the field is that less than 10 percent of individuals with an alcohol use disorder get any treatment whatsoever," says George Koob, director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
Part of the challenge, researchers say, is that many drinkers don't realize that a medicine long used to help people addicted to opioids quit their drug habit can help alcoholics and other heavy drinkers cut back, too.
"I thought my only option was AA," John tells NPR. We've agreed to use only his middle name; disclosing his trouble with alcohol publicly, he says, would jeopardize his business.
He's a 47-year-old professional who says he started out as a social drinker — a few beers with his softball team after a game. But he sank into a deep depression after several deaths in his family, and sought "solace in the bottle," he says.
"I wanted to numb my thoughts," says John.
He'd often start with hard liquor in the morning, John says, and it wasn't uncommon to have eight drinks or more before the end of the day.
He worked from home, so he was able to mask the problem for a while. But eventually his wife confronted him.
"She had come home and I was rushing to hide a glass and she was furious with me," he recalls. "Just absolutely furious."
He went to see Paula DeSanto, a therapist and director of Minnesota Alternatives, in Spring Lake Park, Minn. The center provides outpatient mental health and substance use treatment services.
"I would say John's story is not unique," DeSanto tells us. "A lot of people are reluctant."
Sometimes, traditional treatments — such as residential rehab or a 12-step program like Alcoholics Anonymous — "can [lead to] a significant disruption in their lives," she explains. "There's stigma, shame and embarrassment."
DeSanto suggested a different approach to John. To help work through the loss and grief he was feeling, counseling can help, she told him. She also recommended he try naltrexone, a prescription drug.
"Naltrexone is an effective medication for the treatment of alcohol use disorders," says Koob. He points to a recent meta-analysis published in the journal Addiction that concluded that naltrexone helped reduce heavy drinking and cravings for alcohol.
The analysis included data from 64 clinical trials in which people were given either the medication or a placebo pill to test the effectiveness of the treatment. The analysis also found that another drug, acamprosate, is effective at helping people who have already stopped drinking to maintain abstinence, perhaps partly by easing the physical and emotional cravings experienced by heavy drinkers who quit.
So, how does naltrexone work? The drug seems to curb the euphoric and sedative effects of opiates in the brain. Alcohol is known to activate some of the same receptors in the brain that opioids do, and studies find that by tempering the pleasure from alcohol, naltrexone can help people drink less.
"It blunts the effects of alcohol," says Koob. "People [who use naltrexone] will say they have a drink, and it's not doing much for them."
That was exactly John's experience. After taking the naltrexone pill, he didn't get the buzz he was used to getting, so didn't want to keep drinking. "I actually didn't feel the alcohol's effects," he says. "It was startling."
It's now been about five months since he started taking the medication. He has not stopped drinking completely, but says he has cut way back.
"This is helping me," John says. "I can go out with friends and not worry that I'm going to end up inebriated or sloppy."
According to the findings of a recent review, both naltrexone and acamprosate, are safe, cost-effective and efficacious. But they are substantially underused, according to the review.
Many physicians are "unaware that there are medications to treat alcohol use disorders," says Koob. His institute is stepping up efforts to work with the medical community on that front, he says, and is also touting Rethinking Drinking, a website aimed at consumers that offers the latest research-based information on a range of treatment options.
Any health care provider who is licensed to prescribe medicine can prescribe naltrexone — not just mental health professionals or addiction specialists. As as long ago as 1997, a published study showed that treatment of alcohol dependence with naltrexone by primary care doctors can be effective; follow-up research has confirmed that the primary care approach not only works, but makes treatment much more accessible.
According to the NIAAA, "patients can now receive effective alcohol treatment from their primary care doctors or mental health practitioners by combining the newer medications with a series of brief office visits for support."
Naltrexone is certainly not a cure-all, researchers say. And it won't help everyone who has a drinking problem — especially if the disorder is severe.
"I use these medications as an adjunct to therapy, and group [sessions] and 12-step meetings" says Dr. Jeffrey Hsu, a psychiatrist at Johns Hopkins University who is certified in addiction medicine. He says that when used alone the medicines are only modestly effective.
But there's good evidence that the combination of counseling and drugs such as naltrexone can help people cut back on drinking, or move toward abstinence.
A strategy to help problem drinkers cut back, a strategy that involves a prescription drug that's been around for more than 20 years. Here's NPR's Allison Aubrey.
ALLISON AUBREY, BYLINE: Millions of people drink more than they should or want to. And for those who struggle, this may sound familiar.
JOHN: It's hard to admit that you have a problem. I would say, for me, that was the No. 1 thing that held me back initially.
AUBREY: That's John. He asked us not to use his full name. He worries disclosing his trouble with alcohol could affect his career. He says for years, he was a social drinker. He'd grab a few beers with his softball team after a game. But then after several deaths in his family, he sunk into a dark depression.
JOHN: So I definitely tried to seek solace in the bottle, so to speak. You know, I wanted to kind of numb my thoughts.
AUBREY: He'd started about 10 in the morning with hard liquor. He'd pour a glass of vodka and drink it straight up. This went on for months. He works from home, and he continued to do well professionally. So at first, no one noticed. Some afternoons, by the time his family came home, he'd had eight drinks or more.
JOHN: As any alcoholic or anyone that struggles with alcohol will tell you - we become very good at hiding things.
AUBREY: He would sneak empty bottles out on garbage day. But eventually, his wife was on to him.
JOHN: She had come home, and I was rushing to hide a glass that I had been using. And she was furious with me - just absolutely furious.
AUBREY: He knew he needed help, but the prospect of being sent off to rehab or going to AA turned him off.
PAULA DESANTO: I would say his story is not unique.
AUBREY: That's Paula DeSanto, a therapist in Minneapolis area who works with John.
DESANTO: I think a lot of people are reluctant to get treatment because it traditionally can mean a significant disruption in their lives. There's a lot of stigma, shame and embarrassment.
AUBREY: She says there are alternatives to residential rehab and 12-step abstinence programs, and the recommendation she gave John was to get counseling to help him deal with the loss and grief he was feeling and to try a prescription drug. The drug is called Naltrexone. It blocks the opiate receptors in the brain. It's used for treating drug addiction. And George Koob, who directs the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, part of the NIH, says it can help drinkers too.
GEORGE KOOB: With alcohol, it tends to blunt the effects of alcohol's pleasurable effects. So you know, the report that people say is they have a drink and it's OK, and then they have a second drink, and it's really not doing much for them.
AUBREY: So they don't keep refilling the glass. Koob says there are multiple studies to show it can help drinkers cut back or even abstain. He says Naltrexone is safe. It doesn't make you feel sick. And above all, as a recent clinical trial shows, it means people can receive effective treatment for alcohol use disorders from their primary care doctors by combining the medication with a series of brief office visits for support.
KOOB: Absolutely. I mean, Naltrexone is an effective medication for the treatment of alcohol use disorders. And its effectiveness is similar to that of antidepressants for major depressive episodes.
AUBREY: John says the first time he took Naltrexone, he noticed a difference. Normally, after one drink, it was hard for him to stop but not after taking this pill.
JOHN: I actually didn't really feel any of the alcohol effects, and it was startling at first.
AUBREY: It's been about five months since he started taking Naltrexone. And he says he has not stopped drinking completely, but he has cut way back.
JOHN: This is clearly helping me. And I can go out with friends and not worry that I'm going to escalate it or that I'm going to end up inebriated and sloppy and all of those things.
AUBREY: Now, Naltrexone won't help everyone, especially if a drinking disorder is too severe. But for John, the combination of Naltrexone and counseling has put him on the right path. And the important thing is he's actually getting help. Here's George Koob again.
KOOB: The biggest problem we have in the field is that less than 10 percent of individuals with an alcohol use disorder get any treatment whatsoever.
AUBREY: This is in part due to patients' resistance but also because many primary care doctors don't get much training in treating alcohol use disorders.
KOOB: Physicians are actually unaware that there are medications. So it's really a problem, and we are stepping up our efforts in the medical community.
AUBREY: And the NIH is also reaching out directly to the public. They have a website called Rethinking Drinking, which guides you through all the treatment options that are available.
Allison Aubrey, NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Solar roof
Solar roof
Mentioned often. Ridiculously expensive compared to added storage, trivial charge rates, etc. Invest in rooftop solar on your home or garage if you must have solar!
Granted it is not worth it at the moment but EVENTUALLY I imagine EV's will be coated in Solar paint which is under development currently. Considering most cars spend 90+% of their lives parked it is conceivable that the EV's of the future may not need to be plugged in at all!
Parked outside? Garages will be obsolete then, I guess. Street parking will be a horror show!
I have solar panels on our sailboat, and it stays outside all the time, so can it maintain the batteries on a static basis. However, there is no way the panels could actually run anything on the boat on a real time basis, even something as limited as the radio or navigation lights. I also have a 27kw system (84 panels) on my barn that can power about 200% of our home's electical requirements. However, even the most efficient solar panels that would fit on a car surface could not provide enough power for more than a few minutes per day of running these cars. Also, these vehicles will spend 90% of the time garaged and out of the sun. The answer is charging EV's is to add solar panels to a building roof or some other wide open space.
Well of course that is the only solution right now Dave...that's why I said EVENTUALLY...but one day solar technology will advance so that every building, EV, and home will be painted with solar cells...maybe the garages of the future will have transparent cielings?..still if you have a garage you probably have a driveway to park in as well, and chances are you park your car outside if you park at work/shopping malls/ etc. Building design will adapt over time to accomodate as well, the world is not static. Solar paint might just be an option for your car if you want it or not.
Obviously the cells wouldn't generate enough energy to actually power the car directly but with a 500-1000 mile range battery it would be conceiveable that the car's cells would generate enough energy (by sitting parked 95% of the time) to continuously trickle charge the car's battery so that plugging in would only be required for your long distance trips, where rapid charging times are needed to keep you on the go.
Granted I am talking about in 20-30 years time here...but definately possible longterm.
New nano solar cell developements are actually taking about being able to generate electricity using different wavelengths of light such as Infra-Red so eventually we may even generate solar electricity at night!
Not saying that all this isn't very experimental at this point but if nobody had a dream then companies like Tesla wouldn't exist. Who knows what we can achieve in time.
You're doing a lot of hand-waving there. The total solar energy falling on a car is a function of its size (not to mention latitude, etc.) There's not enough "there" there. You can't make a silk dress out of a sow's ear.
Brisen h, when efficiency increase on solar panels, it may be feasible.
As an example, central Colorado receives annual 2200 kWh/m² solar energy. This is quit a few charges.
Is should be possible to get at least a couple of m2 in full sun at all times, so with a near 100% efficiency in 20 years, you would get enough energy to charge the car 50x a year. Should be enough for a year driving.
50x full charges i ment..
Well I guess you can pretty much say anything could be possible in a 20-30 year timespan so I admit I cheated a bit there. But solar might not only be generated eventually from the paint...the glass on the car could be generating electricity as well, from solar windows!:
The possibilities are truly endless.
Dream on. Even if you could harvest the total energy available from sunlight with 100% efficiency and full conversion, and even if every surface on the car had such collection capability, you could never keep the batteries charged for a real car. This isn't "anything is possible with enough time and technology gain" stuff like the old Dick Tracy wrist communication device that did become reality. That just required new technology. Solar powering car batteries with car mounted solar panels, paint, windows, etc. is against the laws of physics. There simply isn't enough energy available in that envelope to do the job.
Pungoteague_Dave, how much energy is available then kWh/m2 by your numbers?
I showed above that for Colorado, you get enough sun juice from 2x m2 to fill the battery 50x a year if you get solar panels at 100% effeciency some time in the future.
On which numbers do you base your conclusion on that there isnt enough energy available?
The only way your gonna see a solar powered car is if you reduce the amount of power it takes to run the thing. If you can dream up a way to make a sedan sized car run off a smaller battery, THEN solar becomes an option. Until then, you're just tilting at windmills.
Vawlkus, you are correct. Moving two tons is more than a self-contained package can handle given the basic laws of physics that no amount of further advancement can overcome. What could happen is better and smaller energy storage technology. We may well see batteries that give 1,000 miles or more range in the same envelope from which we get around 250 miles today.
Solar-powered cars need an enabling technology. I propose anti-gravity.
If you could get 100% efficiency, which you can't. That would be about 1kW/sq meter.
However, the angle would not be ideal for all of the surfaces at once.it is also likely the car wouldn't be in sunlight all day (covered or garage parking).
But in a perfect world, if you had 2 sq meters of area gathering solar energy which was always available while the sun was up you would get about 20 kWh/day.
Of course, in such a world you would have to worry about the life ending drought from never having clouds, much less rain:-P
The amount of solar energy at the edge of the earth's atmosphere is about 1361 W/m^2. The average at the earth's surface is about 680 W/m^2 (more on noon at the equator, less at dawn/dusk or further from the equator; peaks to about 1kW/m^2 at noon).
To get maximum efficiency, you have to have the PV cells perpendicular to the incoming light, but you won't be able to do that on a car. Due to the losses from reflection at the front surface and photon energies not being in the range capturable by an electron transition, you get a maximum theoretical efficiency of about 35%. Today's cells get around 15% efficiency, but less assume for the sake of argument you can get to the theoretical maximum efficiency of 35%. That gives an average energy available of about 238W/m^2, assuming you have perfect angle to the sun, no cloud (or tree or other obstruction) blocking it. Let's ignore those and assume the entire planar projection of the Model S can be covered in PV cells (we don't have transparent PV now but maybe we can while we get the theoretical maximum efficiency). That gives us roughly 9.7 m^2, so we can get on average 2.3kW of electricity, so it would take roughly 37 hours to fully charge the 85kWh battery.
Given all that and the deviations from maximum we ignored, it simply isn't practical. Also add to the fact that many cars spend most of their parked time in covered garages, it makes it simply not worth the effort and cost.
For more details about the technical issues about PV cells, see http://physics.ucsd.edu/do-the-math/2011/09/dont-be-a-pv-efficiency-snob/
Geez guys given that we are talking about 20-30 years time lets allow for a bit of imagination here.
Ok so we thought that by then we might have EV's with a 1000 mile range battery...so lets say a 300 kWh battery pack.
Mark22 above thought it might be possible to generate 20 kWh per day given the surface area of paint and windows on a car given advancements in solar efficiency...so lets half that and say 10 kWh/day might be possible.
Assuming the car comes fully charged from the factory and average daily driving statistics stay the same at roughly 40-50 miles per day. You would only on average be using 15 kWh of your total 300 kWh pack each day...but if your car sits outside where you work or live then you could generate 10 kWh back for a TOTAL drain of just 5 kWh per day.
If you did this everyday it would take you 2 months to run the battery to 0% charge. But remember there are days you may not drive at all so could get a 10 kWh gain on those days.
I am not saying that EV's will ever be built without a plug to charge, I am just saying that those plugs could be used much less with solar paint/glass. In fact you would probably only have to plug-in once every two months to top up and besides that only supercharging when going on long distance trips where you are using up a significant amount of range in such a short amount of time that the solar cells could not keep up. But we all know here just how rare long distance car travel is on average.
As I said the solar paint/glass might just be an option for those who park off street, in driveways, or have outside parking at work. Obviously if you keep your car undercover most of the time then you wouldn't choose solar as an option. But that doesn't mean that it couldn't work well for a lot of people...especially those who park off street without their own designated spot for conventional charging.
This forum is fun but are we seriously going to waste time theorizing about expanding the laws of physics and making photovoltaics that are transparent enough to be windshields (ridiculous and virtually impossible given the way sun energy is collected)? There's a better theoretical chance that we will be driving levitating vehicles in three dimensions than having a car with significant photovoltaic self-replenishment. I say that as an owner of hundreds of PV panels on two homes and a sailboat. Ain't gonna happen. Let return to reality....
Obviously, if the glass is transparent, then visile light has to pass through it from the outside in, but that doesn't mean other energy has to pass through the glass. You could also create glass that has some kind of PV film that is transparent until you flip a switch upon leaving the car, which turns the film opaque and enables energy collection. Also, you don't necessarily need glass. The car could be windowless with viewscreens inside.
With that said, that sounds really stupid. As mentioned, there is a fixed ideal amount of energy from the sun hitting a surface per square meter, and that changes depending on the angle of the sun, the position of the car on the earth, local obstructions, time of day and day of the year. You will almost never get ideal conditions.
Further more, even if the car was 100% efficient at collecting energy and driving the wheels, there is a fixed amount of energy necessary to move a certain mass a certain distance. The only way to make the car more "efficient" after it's ideal 100% efficient drive train would be to make it lighter, which of course is always possible, but obviously can't be anywhere near zero mass.
You could increase the car's surface area with some kind of deployable umbrella, but then you'd need a parking lot to yourself.
It's much more feasible to work on better battery capacities and faster charging systems. If solar power is the answer, then you could make a power plant with lots of solar panels out in the desert or on a mountain or in space, or whatever, and we could all plug into it, but we can't carry it around on top of our cars.
The fact is though, that it would be very nice to get 3-4kWh a day... Or even less. So i do think solar panels might be a future with higher efficiency. Not to avoid the plug, but as an extra source of power.
"The fact is though, that it would be very nice to get 3-4kWh a day..."
No chance. You have maybe 2 m2 on the roof of the car. That maybe gives you room for 300W of panels however as others have pointed out, orientation of the panels is not ideal so would probably behave more like a 200W panel if not 150W panel.
Even if you parked in the sun on a cloudless day you'd get maybe 750Wh out of that.
About enough to drive you 2 miles. For 5+ hours.
Park in the shade UNDER solar panels. Far far far better use of resources.
Wow I wonder if you could have predicted the state of today's technology back in 1985? We didn't even have internet or cell phones then! Back then solar panels were huge heavy things averaging 5% efficiency and costing well over $10 watt...look where we are now!
Point is that we may be producing thin film solar panels/paint/glass so cheaply by then that it might not actually cost that much to just do it even if the gains are only a few kWh per day...might as well take it if you can.
You guys also forgot the developments going on with infrared solar technology that may be able to even generate power at night!
Who knows how far we can go with new materials and discoveries.
NO CHANCE seems a rather odd comment on a forum of a car company who the "experts" gave NO CHANCE of succeeding.
The physics potential for what we have today and think we might get in the future (1,000 mile+ range) existed in 1985 and were foreseeable. What you are suggesting is beyond physical energy potential and even if possible, would be wasteful not to mention Inadvisable. These cars should be stored inside, with PVC panels restricted to the building roof. Same for any high-value vehicle.
Sorry, PV
Of course, if you supplemented it with zero-point energy from the Void ... <;p
Yes it may be possible in future and worthwhile.
But with technology where it currently is, there is little point to suggesting it. Any 'car' that does today today is simply 'greenwashing' the clueless who don't know any better.
The OP was asking if it was possible. Yes, its possible today. Just fundamentally flawed as an idea at this stage.
At any stage. To get enough energy delivered, you'd have to track the car from above with a large transparent blimp that acted like a magnifying glass. Which would have the effect of roasting the occupants in short order. A rather extreme Unintended Consequence.
Right, there is no magical way to increase the W/m^2 solar irradiation and the limited surface area on the car means its always going to be a non-starter.
Even if PV solar jumped from its ~12-15% efficiency today to 100% -- or even with solar magnification (mirrors, blimp, whatever), reality is that its not going to achieve much except cost & weight (panels, glass, MPPT rectifier electronics)
teddy, maybe you're not understanding. It's not a matter of technology.
In a certain square meter on the ground, there is only a certain amount of energy from the sun hitting that square meter. A car's roof is not very big. Even if you captured all of the solar energy hitting the roof using the best, highest-tech solar panels that the brightest minds of the future will invent, it simply won't generate that much electricity. There just isn't much solar energy to be had in a small area.
If we want to use solar power for ecological or econmical reasons, it makes more sense to build big solar energy power plants that can collect solar energy at a large scale.
olanmills: +1!!!
Even if the whole car were covered in magic solar paint (good luck with body work) there just isnt enough energy there shining out of Mr. Sun. Cars are too small and too heavy to move by solar power.
Now... if we invent magic super light materials that could make a safe car that weighs next to nothing (don't forget still needs seats, displays, computers, brakes, AC, motor, inverter, wire harnesses, tires, wheels.......) then it would not need so much power. Even then, the body of a modern car doesnt weigh much. For example a Subaru Outback body weighs only 700 lb and it is STEEL
I know that there isn't enough solar energy to meaningfully charge the battery for additional range. However, I would be interested in a solar roof option (say, 300w nominal) for maintaining the battery, especially to cover the drain of the on-board computers and communications electronics, interior cabin climate control, and for battery temperature maintenance (cold or hot). If you leave your car at the airport for a week, it would be nice to come back to a car that hasn't lost any charge over that period of time. If you park outside at the mall, it would nice to have climate control kick in using solar on hot days, or have the heat on in the cold. Finally, in the very cold or very hot, the car must act to protect the batteries, potentially increasing the longevity of the batteries.
Assumes a)outdoor parking in b) enough sunlight. Probably irrelevant to airports. For the $5K or so a trivial panel costs on a car, you could probably boost the battery capacity by 15-20kWh. Much better use of $$.
Solution to too little Solar irradiation: Move Earth closer to Sun. That has some tiny negative effects on life on Earth, but who cares, at least we could then drive cars powered only by Sun.
More seriously, we can get a lot more solar energy from fixed structures, even from roads and parking lots with proper tech, then use that with wireless charger to charge cars. Something like large airport parking lot and big parts of the runway could be turned to rather large solar power plants if we ignore the costs (=assume costs of manufacturing such installments goes down to feasible numbers in future).
You don't need to use solar paint for cars if you have wireless charger infrastructure with solar power plants (or any other kind of power plants) feeding those wireless chargers.
If you go to place where you don't have any charger infrastructure you are in no worse situation than with gas cars without gas stations nearby, and if there is enough Sun in that middle-of-nowhere place you could always get some large canvas solar panel folded in your trunk like large tent in future (cheap and large, not necessarily efficient panel).
Again, the issue here for me isn't about usable range out of a solar panel roof. For me, the primary risk with Tesla's cars have to do with the battery. There are all the risks wrt Tesla being a young and unproven company as well as the design and manufacturing of a new product. If Tesla was making ICE cars, that would all be there too. But the big additional risk is the very real potential for some sort of significant damage to a part of the car that costs as much or more than a full ICE replacement. The replacement costs given by Tesla Motors are after 8 years and are presumably very much subsidized. I also buy cars to keep for a very long time. So for me, the solar panel roof is about extending the potential lifespan of the battery by providing maintenance charge, reducing the effect of on-board electronics that are running when the car isn't, and maintaining the battery's temperature. The significant risk is parking the car for extended periods of time where an outlet isn't available. There should be enough solar energy falling on the roof for 200-300 watt nominal rating with actual energy produced is 70% of that for 5 hours a day. The cost of the panels should be $400-600, the additional charger and wiring is probably $500, the glass roof is already $1500, so $3500-4000 seems about right. Putting that towards the main batteries increases the weight of the car significantly.
Off the rails 3X! You're persistent, anyway.
1)subsidized? By whom, pray tell? Elon isn't fooling when he targets 30% gross margin (by getting into economies of scale, and vertical integration to "capture" the markups that normally sit between each step).
2)Extending the lifespan with trivial hard-to-integrate DC current from a tiny solar array? Dream on. The cost is $000s btw, not $00s, in the real world. All in, you'd be lucky to get much under $20/W capacity installed.
3)Significant risk? Taken only by choice, and normally in places where the sun don't shine much. Neither the problem nor the solution make sense.
Batteries are not subsidized, solar panels might be.
Cost of the solar panel depends greatly of quality of the panel. Low conversion rate panels don't cost much, but obviously require larger area to get same power. For just maintenance charge you don't need much power so low cost panel (solar paint) could be enough. IMO creating maintenance charge to prevent total battery depletion while parked is the only reasonable way to use solar panel in a car.
As option to places where Sun shines and to people that park outside. Not for everyone for sure.
The solar panel (or in the future solar paint-like surface laminate) may not be a major charging source but would be a nice auxiliary and anti-bricking device - well worth it option if it saves a $24,000 battery pack - not a simple greenwash. Worth developing as an package and some early adopters will pay for it...
No OlanMills your clearly "not getting it".
Did you even read any of my posts?
I never said that the solar paint/glass would provide enough energy to power the entire car all the time so that it could be built without a plug.
I was saying that maybe in 20-30 years solar cells/glass/paint might be being made so cheaply that it might be worth it (as an option for those who park outside/off street/ or place of work has outdoor parking)
Did you read my example?
If we had 300 kWh battery packs by then and you are only using on average 15 kWh per day and the car could generate 10 kWh of solar power for the pack when parked outside then you are only USING 5 kWh per day...carry that forward and you would only have to plug in once every two months! In this respect it might be worth it, again after 20-30 years of deveopment and as an option for people to choose if it makes sense for them in terms of where they park.
It's really not that difficult a concept.
@teddyg, your mistake is to estimate that you could get 10kWh / day from Solar. You can't. 1kWh is more like it. There just isn't enough energy coming from the Sun and car doesn't have enough surface to give you more, no matter how good tech you could get.
Just to add if the solar cells are cheap enough it might still make sense if you could only get a few kWh per day...might as well take it if you can...as has been mentioned here it would be a great "anti-bricking" or maintainence charge.
Wouldn't it be great if you could park your Tesla at the airport and it maintained its state of charge when you got back in 2/3 weeks?
The point is at some point it may be very reasonable to put solar paint/glass on a car...but it really all depends on the price of the solar cells...I figure if the trend is anything to go by solar on cars in 20-30 years is certainly not science fiction. It may happen much sooner than that for the maintainence charge alone...people who travel a lot might really like coming back to a Tesla with the same range that they left it with and the comfort of knowing that it would be impossible to brick...I could see those people paying $3500 for that security as an option right now...let alone in 20-30 years.
Uggghhh Timo you are killing me...its about the price of the solar cells...who cares if you only got 1 or 2 kWh per day if the cells are cheap enough its worth it...and I think they just might be in 20-30 years...jeeez.
And I think if you look at the TOTAL surface area of the car (paint AND glass - see my link to solar window technology above) then I bet 5 kWh could be possible eventually...someone else actually said 20 kWh could theoretically be possible but let's say 25% of that by 2035...all depends on price though.
There is even research going on for infra-red solar technology...that could potentially create solar energy at NIGHT...again way way off but who knows what is possible.
20kWh ignoring all the realities, like the car orientation to the Sun and the fact that you don't get Sun max energy entire day including the night. About 1kWh/day is pretty close to max you could get in very sunny spot in reality. With max realistic efficiency and with entire car covered by solar paint.
Article discussing Infra-Red Solar possibilities...again before you attack me I realize this is brand new stuff and output is very low...but you have to start somewhere and it seems that the scope for improvement is there. Remember 20-30 years guys.
And solar glass Timo not just the paint...I really love how you seem to be so sure of your technology predicitions in 20-30 years time...at some point in the future people might be laughing at those predicitons...time will tell.
Someone also mentioned breakthroughs in strong lightweight materials and lighter batteries in the future that would mean more range for less kWh's...another thing to remember in terms of miles of range that could be generated via onboard solar cells. 1 kWh generated in 2035 might mean 6-8 miles of range compared to just 3.5 miles today.
You are missing the point. There just isn't enough energy coming from the Sun. You can't get better than 100% efficient and Sun doesn't shine every direction at once so only part of the car is pointing anywhere near the Sun at any given time.
It doesn't matter how good the tech gets, you still are not getting anywhere near 10kWh / day in real world. This is not "technology prediction" it is prediction that Sun doesn't get any brighter and cars still look like cars do after 20-30 years time.
1kW/m^2 is maximum you get from Sun directly overhead facing directly at the Sun. Average is a lot less and there is no such thing as perfect conversion of energy.
teddyg won't or can't listen to reality. He's all balled up in concept so ignores the reality of energy potential and basic physics. Let him live in his little fantasy. Some of his comments are beyond laughable. For example, who would leave a car like this out in the sun for weeks at a time while on a trip as he suggests? I live in Virginia so don't leave cars at LAX often, but when I needed to leave my F-150 there for three weeks in 2011, it was parked in a covered, secure location.
I have one of the few Tesla ownership situations where I will drive 100% free most of the time - the 84 solar panels on my barn roof provide 27kw, double our current usage, so we have excess energy to burn in our car. But those panels take up an area that is about 30 feet by 70 feet... which is the practical issue - they are oriented correctly, within a few degrees of both vertical and horizontal perfection for solar collection - a function which would be impossible within the limitations of a car envelope. The panel designer/installer refused to install a couple panels where I would have even minimal shading for a few hours at the end of the day due to nearby trees, as even a short loss of sun gain would destroy the cost/benefit for those few panels.
The solar panels on my saliboat can maintain the house batteries when it is idle, but even they must be aimed for maximum efficiency to do anything. Large, flat panels on a building roof or in a field with permanent orientation and fixed installation relative to the sun will always be more effective than curved panels/paint/glass on a car, with all the vagaries of shade, orientation, etc.


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I have a problem about INSERT INTO with 2 tables access.
My Excel file have a few paramater : StudentID, ClassID,ClassName,FirstName,LastName
My Access have 4 tables : Student, Class, Status,UserName
Student (ID Number, StudentID,ClassID, FirstName,LastName,UserName,Status,Date)
I want to insert data from excel to access with some requirement:
Field UserName show the user is logged in
Field Date show date/time which the user is logged in
Field Status is have 2 condition:
First, if you have updated StudentID, the Status is Active and the rest of parameter is update.
Second, if you do not update StudentID, you update all of them.
I hope everybody help me to resolve my lesson!!!!!!!!!!
Thanks for everybody!!!!!!!!!!


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City of Sunrise, FLHome Menu
Land Development Code
The Land Development Code (Chapter 16 of the City Code) serves to regulate the use (Residential, Commercial, Industrial, etc.) and amount/appearance of development (intensity, density, design standards, etc.) of real property within the corporate limits of the City of Sunrise. The public is advised to consult the full Code - for specific guidance, or to speak with a member of the Community Development Department staff for elaboration/interpretation of these standards. The following is a brief summary of the Code contents:
ARTICLE I provides an Introduction
ARTICLE II provides for a Zoning Map and describes areas of the City subject to the map.
ARTICLE III provides Development Review Procedures including Site Plans (Sec. 16-31), Site Plan Adjustments and Revisions (Sec. 16-32), Plats (Sec. 16-34), Special Exception Uses (Sec. 16-36), Variances and Administrative Appeals (Sec. 16-37), Land Use Plan Amendments, Zoning Map Amendments, and Development Orders for Developments of Regional Impact (Sec. 16-38), Master Development Plans (Sec. 16-39), Board of Adjustment and Planning and Zoning Board (Sec. 16-48 and 16-49, respectively), the Development Review Committee (Sec. 16-50), and On-Site Sign Posting (Sec. 16-51).
ARTICLE IV provides for Concurrency Management: Public Facility Capacity from Adequacy of Public Facilities and Services (Sec. 16-58) to Adequacy of Neighborhood and Community Parks (Sec. 16-68).
ARTICLE V provides District Regulations (i.e., uses permitted, density/intensity standards, and bulk standards, such as setbacks, pervious/impervious lot coverage, etc.) for different residential and non-residential zoning districts from Low Density Single-Family Residential (Sec. 16-69) to Planned Unit Development (Sec. 16-107).
ARTICLE VI provides Supplemental Regulations for other zoning standards including Outdoor Restaurant Seating Areas (Sec. 16-112), Areas Between Buildings (Sec. 16-117), Accessory Uses and Structures, such as storage sheds, swimming pools, screen enclosures, amateur radio antennas, etc. (Sec. 16-118), Outdoor Storage and Display of Stock-in-Trade Merchandise restrictions (Sec. 16-128), Community Residential and Group Homes (Sec. 16-135), Gasoline Stations (Sec. 16-136), Exterior Building Color (Sec. 16-138), and Building Design (Sec. 16-140).
ARTICLE VII provides Off-Street Parking and Loading quantity requirements and design standards for residential and non-residential developments, including Parking Requirements for the Handicapped (Sec. 16-143), Amount of Off-Street Parking per unit quantity of a particular use (Sec. 16-144), Shared Parking (Sec. 16-145), Parking of Commercial Vehicle restrictions (Sec. 16-147), Off-Street Loading quantity requirements (Sec. 16-148), Lighting Requirements (Sec. 16-150), and Valet and Preferred Parking requirements (Sec. 16-153).
ARTICLE VIII provides Functional Landscaping requirements and design standards for residential and non-residential developments, including Plan Approval procedures (Sec. 16-162), Maintenance requirements of planted materials (Sec. 16-164), Plant Material requirements (Sec. 16-165), Street Trees standards (Sec. 16-166), Minimum Landscape Requirements in RM-10, RM-16, RM-25, B-1, B-2, B-3, B-3A, B-4, B-5, B-6, I-1 and CF Zoning Districts (Sec. 16-169), Minimum Landscaping Requirements in RS-3, RS-5 and RS-7 Zoning Districts (Sec. 16-170), and Tree Preservation requirements for proposed removal of trees (Sec. 16-172).
ARTICLE IX provides Subdivision Improvements, including reference to Broward County Regulations (Sec. 16-181), Additional Improvement Standards, such as Storm Drainage System Design and Road Right-of-Way Requirements including graphic illustrations of typical roads cross-sections and lake slopes (Sec. 16-182).
ARTICLE X provides requirements and standards for Walls, Fences and Buffers, including Fences and Hedges in Residential Districts (Sec. 16-191), and Visual and Sound Buffers requirements (Sec. 16-192).
ARTICLE XI provides Floodplain Management Map (Sec. 16-201), Definitions (Sec. 16-202), General Provisions (Sec. 16-203), Administration (Sec. 16-204), and Provisions for Flood Hazard Reduction including graphic illustrations of typical crown sections (Sec. 16-205).
ARTICLE XII provides Environmental Regulations for On-Site Stormwater Runoff (Sec. 16-216), Air Pollution Control (Sec. 16-217), Wellfield Protection (Sec. 16-218), and Wetlands and Natural Vegetation (Sec. 16-219).
ARTICLE XIII provides for regulation of Nonconforming Uses and Structures, such as restrictions to physical extensions or alterations of Nonconforming Uses (Sec. 16-231), requirements for reconstruction after a catastrophe or change of Nonconforming Uses and Structures (Sec. 16-232), Discontinuance or Abandonment of a Nonconforming Use (Sec. 16-233), and Landscaping compliance requirements for a change in use to the principal building (Sec. 16-236).
ARTICLE XIV provides requirements for Signs, including Purpose and Definitions (Sec. 16-247), Prohibited Signs (Sec. 16-248), and Required Signs (Sec. 16-249); Residential District Permanent Signs (Sec. 16-251), Non-Residential District Permanent Signs (Sec. 16-252), Temporary Signs (Sec. 16-253) are provided in a tabular data format; Supplemental Regulations are included for miscellaneous signage (Sec. 16-254), requirements for Landscaping of Ground Signs (Sec. 16-255), loss of legal status for Legal Nonconforming Signs (Sec. 16-256), Construction Specifications (Sec. 16-257), Improper Signs (Sec. 16-258) and their removal (Sec. 16-259), the Approval Process to obtain a permit for a sign (Sec. 16-261), procedures to request justifiable Waivers from the aforementioned restrictions (Sec. 16-262), and procedures for City Commission approval of Uniform Signage Plans (Sec. 16-264).
ARTICLE XV provides requirements for Communication Antennas and Towers, including Definitions (Sec. 16-266); where Building Mounted Antennas (Sec. 16-267) are permitted, minimum standards, and application procedures; where Communication Towers (Sec. 16-268) are permitted, minimum standards, application procedures, and prohibitions; and Abandonment procedures for antennas and communication towers.
ARTICLE XVI pertains to Enforcement and Penalties, and refers to Section 1-8 of the City Code.
ARTICLE XVII provides Definitions (Sec. 16-277) of planning and zoning terms and phrases used in this code.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION please call (954) 746-3281 or send your question to email@example.com.


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The Tech 1 Torpedo Launchers are low-end naval defense structures.
Deployment Edit
At 450 mass, torpedo launchers are rather expensive to deploy in the early game, but their heavy firepower and (relatively) high HP make them excellent at stopping enemy fleets. They outrange all T1 naval units. Any lone units moving into their firing radius will be heavily damaged or destroyed. All but the biggest fleets will be destroyed by this defense unit.
Limitations Edit
Although the T1 torpedo launcher inflicts about half as much DPS when compared to a T2 torpedo launcher, their short range makes them almost useless against T2 ships or higher. At about 40% the cost of their T2 equivalent, it is almost always more profitable to opt for the tech 2 version, if your economy allows it.
Advantages Edit
In a pure comparison of DPS versus cost, these units are actually slightly more effective than their T2 counterparts. One of the times you should consider building T1 torpedo launchers rather than T2, is to stop non-hovering amphibious units (Galactic Colossus, The Brick, etc). These have few ways to retaliate, and must come into range when approaching the shore. Otherwise, there are few reasons to build this unit in the mid- to late-game.
Factional differences Edit
The four Tech 1 Torpedo Launcher are the UEF DN1, the Cybran Scuttle, the Aeon Tide and the Seraphim Sou-atha. These units all have the same cost, range, and muzzle velocity, and almost equivalent HP. They do have different rates of fire and damage per shot. The Cybran Scuttle has a substantially higher damage per second than its counterparts in other factions (94 vs. 75). The Cybran and Seraphim versions also fire three torpedoes in each salvo providing them with an edge in overwhelming anti-torpedo countermeasures, while the UEF and Aeon fire only two.


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Tagged: tycoon 5.2
Manaview Addons and Guides
So guys there are plenty of great games and guides that come with them out there to fill this blog out with quality content in no time at all. But for now we'll just focus on the most searched and demanded game (and guides) that have ever hit the market. With over 12 million players and much more sales of guides and addons, World of Warcraft stands leader of the MMORPG gaming community.
Now there are plenty of guides for the game, many of them quite useful on various profiled websites which can be accessed for free. Personally I prefer wowhead.com the most. Cause you know they are good and well updated and all that. But if you really want to step up your game and join the elite of Azeroth, then I suggest some premium guides and addons.
For instance you have these ones right here from manaview.com. Their best addon is by far Tycoon Gold Addon, which sits comfortably at number 2 in the rankings per popularity of various review websites (including my own). Why is that so? Well cause it promises one thing and it delivers it. The promise was about 33 K golds / day on auto-pilot using the best schemes and auction tricks. And you know what it is constantly updated and so I do encourage you all to check it out. Also there are 2 more addons, Impulse and Edge, which deal with your gameplay and help you improve dramatically at leveling, raiding or pvping! And finally they also have a leveling addon which unfortunately seems to be a bit outdated, but it still has several interesting features in it.
Now you can find out more info and a serious and full review on my blog at this page Manaview Addons Review. Feel free to drop by, and check the offers they have. And just a short notice you can get each addon individually or you can get the whole set for a 25% discount. But usually people just go for Tycoon these days so suit yourselves!