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ALSA configuration for Intel HD Audio
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Joined: 10 Jun 2005
Posts: 5472
Location: Australia
Posted: Sat 06 Oct 2007, 08:48
Post subject:
ALSA configuration for Intel HD Audio
The Intel High Definition Audio codec is found on many audio devices, mostly motherboard Southbridge chipsets.
The ALSA snd-hda-intel audio driver must accommodate many variations of this device, so there are several module parameters that can be used to configure the driver.
In Puppy 3.00's version of ALSA (v1.0.15rc2) the parameters available for this module can be obtained by running "modinfo snd-hda-intel".
An important parameter is "model". This allows the driver to deal with the nuances of the many different types of audio hardware available.
When Puppy's alsa configution detects the snd-hda-intel module for your device, it will add this entry to the end of /etc/modprobe.conf
alias snd-card-0 snd-hda-intel
To add extra configuration parameters, open modprobe.conf in Geany, and add another line -
options snd-hda-intel model=xxx
Then reboot, or reload the snd-hda-intel module.
To find out exactly what hardware you have, run this command -
cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#* | grep Codec
An example of a result would be "Codec: Realtek ALC260"
Now refer to this list of valid parameters for "model" (from ALSA documentation):
Model name Description
---------- -----------
3stack 3-jack in back and a headphone out
3stack-digout 3-jack in back, a HP out and a SPDIF out
5stack 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front
5stack-digout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, a SPDIF out
6stack 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
6stack-digout 6-jack with a SPDIF out
w810 3-jack
z71v 3-jack (HP shared SPDIF)
asus 3-jack (ASUS Mobo)
asus-w1v ASUS W1V
asus-dig ASUS with SPDIF out
asus-dig2 ASUS with SPDIF out (using GPIO2)
uniwill 3-jack
fujitsu Fujitsu Laptops (Pi1536)
F1734 2-jack
lg LG laptop (m1 express dual)
lg-lw LG LW20/LW25 laptop
tcl TCL S700
clevo Clevo laptops (m520G, m665n)
test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can be
adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
hp HP machines
hp-3013 HP machines (3013-variant)
fujitsu Fujitsu S7020
acer Acer TravelMate
will Will laptops (PB V7900)
replacer Replacer 672V
basic fixed pin assignment (old default model)
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
fujitsu Fujitsu Laptop
hp-bpc HP xw4400/6400/8400/9400 laptops
hp-bpc-d7000 HP BPC D7000
benq Benq ED8
benq-t31 Benq T31
hippo Hippo (ATI) with jack detection, Sony UX-90s
hippo_1 Hippo (Benq) with jack detection
sony-assamd Sony ASSAMD
basic fixed pin assignment w/o SPDIF
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
3stack 3-stack model
toshiba Toshiba A205
acer Acer laptops
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
3stack-dig 3-stack (2-channel) with SPDIF
3stack-6ch 3-stack (6-channel)
3stack-6ch-dig 3-stack (6-channel) with SPDIF
6stack-dig 6-stack with SPDIF
lenovo-101e Lenovo laptop
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
arima Arima W820Di1
targa Targa T8, MSI-1049 T8
asus-a7j ASUS A7J
asus-a7m ASUS A7M
macpro MacPro support
mbp3 Macbook Pro rev3
imac24 iMac 24'' with jack detection
w2jc ASUS W2JC
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
3stack-6ch 3-jack 6-channel
3stack-6ch-dig 3-jack 6-channel with SPDIF I/O
6stack-dig-demo 6-jack digital for Intel demo board
acer Acer laptops (Travelmate 3012WTMi, Aspire 5600, etc)
acer-aspire Acer Aspire 9810
medion Medion Laptops
medion-md2 Medion MD2
targa-dig Targa/MSI
targa-2ch-dig Targs/MSI with 2-channel
laptop-eapd 3-jack with SPDIF I/O and EAPD (Clevo M540JE, M550JE)
lenovo-101e Lenovo 101E
lenovo-nb0763 Lenovo NB0763
lenovo-ms7195-dig Lenovo MS7195
haier-w66 Haier W66
6stack-hp HP machines with 6stack (Nettle boards)
3stack-hp HP machines with 3stack (Lucknow, Samba boards)
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
3stack 3-jack
3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF I/O
3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660)
uniwill-m31 Uniwill M31 laptop
toshiba Toshiba laptop support
asus Asus laptop support
asus-laptop ASUS F2/F3 laptops
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
3stack 3-jack
3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF OUT
6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF OUT
3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660VD)
3stack-660-digout 3-jack with SPDIF OUT (for ALC660VD)
lenovo Lenovo 3000 C200
dallas Dallas laptops
hp HP TX1000
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
minimal 3-jack in back
min_fp 3-jack in back, 2-jack in front
full 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
full_dig 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF I/O
allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
3stack 3-stack mode (default)
6stack 6-stack mode
basic 3-jack (default)
hp HP nx6320
thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T60/X60/Z60
toshiba Toshiba U205
basic default configuration
thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T61/X61
6stack 6-jack, separate surrounds (default)
3stack 3-stack, shared surrounds
laptop 2-channel only (FSC V2060, Samsung M50)
laptop-eapd 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung R65, ASUS A6J)
laptop-automute 2-channel with EAPD and HP-automute (Lenovo N100)
ultra 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung Ultra tablet PC)
6stack 6-jack
6stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
3stack 3-jack
3stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
laptop 3-jack with hp-jack automute
laptop-dig ditto with SPDIF
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
Conexant 5045
laptop Laptop config
test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
Conexant 5047
laptop Basic Laptop config
laptop-hp Laptop config for some HP models (subdevice 30A5)
laptop-eapd Laptop config with EAPD support
test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
ref Reference board
dell-d21 Dell (unknown)
dell-d22 Dell (unknown)
dell-d23 Dell (unknown)
dell-m21 Dell Inspiron 630m, Dell Inspiron 640m
dell-m22 Dell Latitude D620, Dell Latitude D820
dell-m23 Dell XPS M1710, Dell Precision M90
dell-m24 Dell Latitude 120L
dell-m25 Dell Inspiron E1505n
dell-m26 Dell Inspiron 1501
dell-m27 Dell Inspiron E1705/9400
ref Reference board
dell-m42 Dell (unknown)
dell-m43 Dell Precision
dell-m44 Dell Inspiron
ref Reference board
3stack D945 3stack
5stack D945 5stack + SPDIF
intel-mac-v1 Intel Mac Type 1
intel-mac-v2 Intel Mac Type 2
intel-mac-v3 Intel Mac Type 3
intel-mac-v4 Intel Mac Type 4
intel-mac-v5 Intel Mac Type 5
macmini Intel Mac Mini (equivalent with type 3)
macbook Intel Mac Book (eq. type 5)
macbook-pro-v1 Intel Mac Book Pro 1st generation (eq. type 3)
macbook-pro Intel Mac Book Pro 2nd generation (eq. type 3)
imac-intel Intel iMac (eq. type 2)
imac-intel-20 Intel iMac (newer version) (eq. type 3)
dell-d81 Dell (unknown)
dell-d82 Dell (unknown)
dell-m81 Dell (unknown)
dell-m82 Dell XPS M1210
ref Reference board, base config
m2-2 Some Gateway MX series laptops
m6 Some Gateway NX series laptops
pa6 Gateway NX860 series
ref Reference board
3stack D965 3stack
5stack D965 5stack + SPDIF
dell-3stack Dell Dimension E520
vaio Setup for VAIO FE550G/SZ110
vaio-ar Setup for VAIO AR
Last edited by tempestuous on Sun 01 Mar 2009, 06:56; edited 2 times in total
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Joined: 17 Sep 2007
Posts: 7
Location: Fort Walton Beach, Florida
Posted: Sat 06 Oct 2007, 19:34
Post subject: Alsa configuration
Subject description: Thanks!
Thanks for all the info, I got lucky and found that by doing a clean install and dumping my older pup_save's my HDA Intel (AC861V) started working. Now only have to wait for ALSA group to fix the Audigy2 ZS mic level bug to have everything I need.
Now I have a fully functional Puppy!
Many thanks for the help.
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Joined: 17 Oct 2007
Posts: 4
Posted: Wed 17 Oct 2007, 16:58
Post subject: Can't get a peep out of the Puppy
Hi, I'm new to Puppy Linux and to Linux itself.
I have been playing with the Puppy for a few weeks and
got it to recognize my video, network, cd and hard drives.
No matter how many configs I try I can't seem to get the sound to work. When i read the posting by
I thought my problems were solved. I have a Dell XPS410 with a integrated Sigmatel card. I used
's "cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#* | grep Codec" command line entry to determine that I have a Sigmatel STAC9227 card. I edited the modprobe.conf file to add the "options snd-hda-intel model=STAC9227" after the ALSA generated "alias snd-card-0 snd-hda-intel" line, but no sound. I have sound when running WinXP and Ubuntu. In Puppy Linux I moved the volume slider to max and maxed out the mixer sliders and have input amplification to max.
I went to the ALSA site and found that ALSA has a later version of the their sound card configurator available with support for the STAC9227, but I haven't a clue as to how I can apply it to the Puppy.
This may or may not solve my problem.
Can someone please help me out here ?
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Joined: 10 Jun 2005
Posts: 5472
Location: Australia
Posted: Wed 17 Oct 2007, 19:59
Post subject:
"STAC9227" is just a class heading.
The parameter will be either "ref", "3stack", "5stack" or "dell-3stack".
options snd-hda-intel model=ref
Also make sure that the master volume is not muted in alsamixer. Press "m" to mute/unmute.
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Joined: 17 Oct 2007
Posts: 4
Posted: Fri 19 Oct 2007, 19:03
Post subject:
Thank you
for providing me with the proper parameters for my Sigmatel 9227.
I tried each of the four possible parameters you listed for my sound card: "ref", "3stack", "5stack", and "dell-3stack".
I also checked the mixer setting. My Puppy distro came with Puppy mixer instead if the Alsa mixer.
All sliders were at 100 and the mute button was off, but I still can't seem to hear a peep come out of the puppy.
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Joined: 10 Jun 2005
Posts: 5472
Location: Australia
Posted: Sat 20 Oct 2007, 06:06
Post subject:
Try a more low-level fix; boot with the "pci=biosirq" boot option.
You could also try "acpi=off" but this is quite severe, it disables your ACPI subsystem. "pci=biosirq" achieves a similar end-result.
And check the manufacturer's website for a bios upgrade. This can sometimes solve hardware resource allocation problems.
Last edited by tempestuous on Fri 28 Dec 2007, 21:15; edited 1 time in total
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Joined: 10 Mar 2006
Posts: 53
Posted: Sat 20 Oct 2007, 11:44
Post subject:
...if this could be helpful for someone, here how I solved my intel hd audio problem on vt1708 chip from via cx700m chipset (ebox 4853):
(VT1708 hda-intel sound problem solved!!!)
Best Regards
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Joined: 10 Jun 2005
Posts: 5472
Location: Australia
Posted: Fri 28 Dec 2007, 21:21
Post subject:
If still no sound, a good form of diagnosis is to install XMMS, available here -
When you play a sound file in XMMS there is a visual display which indicates whether audio is working at the software level.
If you see the display working, then you know that the problem is either getting the mixer settings right (with alsamixer) or hardware connections. One of the problems with the snd-hda-intel driver is sending the audio output to the correct physical pin outs on the motherboard, because there are many different motherboard manufacturers who use the Intel HD codec. Because of this problem, the snd-hda-intel driver has been known to send the audio output to the WRONG connection - like the mic input, for example.
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Joined: 17 Oct 2007
Posts: 4
Posted: Sun 30 Dec 2007, 15:37
Post subject: XMMS sound bars but no sound
I have Intel HD Audio integrated audio on my PCs motherboard.
I have tried to get sound working based on suggestions from this board (see previous posts to this thread), but no joy.
I tried running the XMMS as was suggested just above and I do see the bouncing bars on the display when I play a song, but no sound comes from the speakers.
I guess this means that the input is getting to the XMMS player but not getting out correctly. I tried changing the output module from OSS to ALSA and also played with checking the and unchecking the PCM box in the XMMS preferences. The mixer settings are at max and not muted.
Does anyone have any other suggestions ?
Curiously, although I can't get sound using Puppy Linux 3.01, or the previous version, or Muppy Linux 08, Pizzapup 3.01 (which I believe is based on an earlier version of Puppy Linux) plays sound fine right "out of the box".
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Joined: 10 Jun 2005
Posts: 5472
Location: Australia
Posted: Mon 31 Dec 2007, 21:25
Post subject:
Intel HDA-based audio devices are problematic under Linux. Success will ultimately depend on the version of ALSA being used. Barry reports that his laptop's HDA audio started working with ALSA v1.0.15, and this version of ALSA can be found in the current Puppy4alpha.
And Pup214R is soon to get an ALSA upgrade.
But I just noticed something in your earlier post -
asburylad wrote:
My Puppy distro came with Puppy mixer instead if the Alsa mixer.
All versions of Puppy should have alsamixer, it's a core utility. You need to run it from an rxvt console.
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Joined: 01 Jan 2007
Posts: 406
Location: Hayslope, near Middlemarch, Midlands, England
Posted: Tue 01 Jan 2008, 08:08
Post subject:
tempestuous wrote:
Intel HDA-based audio devices are problematic under Linux. Success will ultimately depend on the version of ALSA being used. Barry reports that his laptop's HDA audio started working with ALSA v1.0.15, and this version of ALSA can be found in the current Puppy4alpha.
Indeed; Puppy 3.01 and derivatives have all been "mute" for me, but Puppy has found his voice again in 4.0a3. Hurrah!
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Joined: 13 Jul 2007
Posts: 22
Posted: Mon 14 Jan 2008, 20:33
Post subject: Intel HD Audio
Subject description: rough way to get audio...
I also was suffering the problem of the Intel HD audio in my laptop (Puppy 3.01), most of the times was sound-less. From one Ubuntu forum, somebody mentioned that booting from the Knoppix CD and later booting the machine worked.
Appears to me that Knoppix flushed something, and the next boot I was able to get sound on Puppy. I did it for some time to get sound, mostly after using WinXP.
Later I discovered, when crashing Puppy, that if I abruptly power off the machine (when Puppy is up or when is still booting), the next time I will get sound without using Knoppix. Again, something is flushed for that audio card.
Rough approach but it had worked every time I need. I still hope somebody come up with a nicer solution to the memory flushing for this audio card.
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Joined: 29 Sep 2005
Posts: 634
Posted: Tue 11 Mar 2008, 19:27
Post subject:
I'm borrowing a friend's laptop computer. It's a Gateway W340UI. So, this is what doing that cat command gave me...
# cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#* | grep Codec
Codec: SigmaTel STAC9200
Codec: Generic 11c1 ID 1040
I see a STAC9200 section in this, but I'm confused about how this reference thing is supposed to work exactly. What should I put in place of xxx in my case?
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Joined: 10 Jun 2005
Posts: 5472
Location: Australia
Posted: Tue 11 Mar 2008, 23:55
Post subject:
The Gateway notebooks are a special case, requiring a patch to the snd-hda-intel driver.
I provided this driver compatible with Puppy3.x here -
I'm not sure if this driver will work with the Gateway W-series, but it's worth trying.
Puppy4 has a recent version of ALSA (v1.0.15) so Gateways might be supported out of the box.
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Joined: 29 Sep 2005
Posts: 634
Posted: Wed 12 Mar 2008, 00:51
Post subject:
Actually I downloaded the alpha of Puppy 4 and got the sound working. Thanks.
Wireless on this laptop is kind of iffy, depending on the network, but I know about the problems with that...
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Indexes In Their Own Tablespace: Availabilty Advantages (Is There Anybody Out There?) April 28, 2008Posted by Richard Foote in Backup and Recovery, Oracle General, Oracle Indexes, Oracle Myths, Oracle Opinion, Tablespace Management.
I've already discussed here some reasons why performance is not particularly improved by simply separating indexes from tables and storing them in a different tablespace. It sounds like it might be helpful from a performance perspective but when one digs down a little, it turns out any so-called performance benefits are questionable to say the least.
However, performance is only one reason why it's claimed storing indexes in their own tablespace is beneficial. There are wondrous advantages to database availability and database recovery options if only indexes are stored in their own tablespaces. The loss of all indexes due to a catastrophic disaster in the index tablespace means that the database tables themselves are all still potentially available.
This sounds as if there might be a number of advantages with this strategy, right ?
Well it means for a start that none of the "real" data has been lost. If we store indexes away from the parent tables and we only lose the index tablespace, the table tablespace could possible be totally unaffected by this loss. This potentially suggests a number of things:
- The Database will still be functional. Yes it might run a little slower without indexes but at least with the tables still available, we can still perform our business critical operations until the indexes have been fixed as the actual tables are unaffected
- We don't actually have to perform a database recovery to get us out of this mess. So long as all the tables are still available, we can simply recover the situation by rebuilding all the indexes from the problematic tablespace. This will hopefully be more simplistic, more efficient and most importantly faster than having to perform an actual database recovery
This all sounds perfectly reasonable …
Today, I'm just going to briefly mentioned some thoughts on the first point, the second point I'll discuss another day.
I guess the key question here (pun fully intended) is just how important and vital are indexes to the "normal" operation of a database? Is a database effectively operational if we were to lose all our indexes, is an application still effective and operational if we were to lose all indexes belonging to the application? If by storing indexes in their own tablespace, do we get availability benefits if we were to lose only the index related tablespace?
All good questions to ask and ponder about every now and then.
Let's be clear I'm not discussing the loss or corruption of a single (or handful) of indexes. If a specific index gets corrupted for whatever reason, yes we could recover the index by (say) making the index unusable and rebuilding the index. However, we can do this whether the specific problematic index in question was stored with or separate from the parent table so the scenario doesn't really differ much.
No, one of the (so-called) benefits of storing indexes in their own tablespace is that if we have a catastrophic issue with the index tablespace, we only lose a whole bunch of indexes. No tables are impacted, just all the indexes stored in the tablespace. However, just how well will business critical operations function without indexes in our database …
The suggestion is that things will just be a lot slower. We'll have lots of Full Table Scans where previously we had nice efficient index related scans, but at least data can be viewed and manipulated as the actual tables themselves will still be available. Yes things will be slower and less than ideal but better than if we had stored tables and indexes together because in this scenario we would have lost both indexes and tables making the database effectively useless until recovered.
Well let's setup a really simple scenario and see how things fair without indexes …
First, we create a simple little "parent" test table and populate it with a few rows:
SQL> create table bowie_1 (id number, name varchar2(20));
Table created.
SQL> insert into bowie_1 values (1, 'Bowie');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into bowie_1 values (2, 'Ziggy');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into bowie_1 values (3, 'Floyd');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
Next, we create a simple little "child" table and populate it with a few rows:
SQL> create table bowie_2 (id number, fk_value number);
Table created.
SQL> insert into bowie_2 values (1,1);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into bowie_2 values (2,1);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into bowie_2 values (3,2);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into bowie_2 values (4,3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into bowie_2 values (5,3);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
We now add a Primary Key to the parent table which will create for us an index. Note this is the only index in this demonstration which is stored in a separate tablespace to the table:
SQL> alter table bowie_1 add constraint bowie_1_pk primary key(id) using index tablespace users;
Table altered.
Next we create a Foreign Key in our child table. Note this table doesn't actually have a Primary Key (rare, not recommended but possible) and the Foreign Key has no associated index:
SQL> alter table bowie_2 add constraint bowie_2_fk foreign key(fk_value) referencing bowie_1(id);
Table altered.
Finally, we take the index tablespace offline to simulate a problematic index related tablespace:
SQL> alter tablespace users offline;
Tablespace altered.
OK, the setup is now complete. Let's see what life is like without our poor little index. First, let's perform a simple query on our parent table. I've hinted the query to make the CBO use the index which the CBO is of course likely to do with most of our queries on most of our tables (and if the CBO doesn't want to use the index for a specific query, the loss of an index is not going to be an issue then anyways):
SQL> select /*+ index */ * from bowie_1 where id = 1;
select /*+ index */ * from bowie_1 where id = 1
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00376: file 4 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 4: 'C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\FLOYD\USERS01.DBF'
Now the error one may get if the index was simply corrupted or if there's a problem or corruption at the hardware level may differ but the overall ramification will be the same. Queries that the CBO deems should use a "problematic" index will simply fall over. This is not exactly a good thing from an availability perspective …
How about inserting a new row in the parent table:
SQL> insert into bowie_1 values (4, 'IGGY');
insert into bowie_1 values (4, 'IGGY')
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00376: file 4 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 4: 'C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\FLOYD\USERS01.DBF'
Oh yeah, that's right. We have an index that also needs to be inserted as well. Not just any index mind you, but an index that is used to police the uniqueness of the associated PK constraint. Yes, if the problem was at the hardware level, the error message will differ but the ramifications will be the same. We will not be able to insert into the table unless the index is dropped and we can't drop the index unless the PK constraint is dropped as well.
How about an insert into the other table that doesn't even have an index:
SQL> insert into bowie_2 values (6, 1);
insert into bowie_2 values (6, 1)
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00376: file 4 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 4: 'C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\FLOYD\USERS01.DBF'
Oh for goodness sake, what now !! Well the table has a FK that points to the table with the problematic index and we need to check to ensure the FK value actually exists in the parent table. How do we perform such a check, why by using the index on the PK column of course and yep, the index can't currently be used. So unless we drop the FK constraint, we're stuffed here as well …
Perhaps life isn't so sweet without these indexes after all …
What if we make the index unusable first rather than it be simply "unavailable" or "damaged" for whatever reason:
SQL> alter index bowie_1_pk unusable;
Index altered.
Well, providing we're setup to skip unusable indexes:
SQL> show parameter skip
———————————— ———– ——————————
skip_unusable_indexes boolean TRUE
We can at least now make our queries run without the use of any problematic indexes:
SQL> select /*+ index */ * from bowie_1 where id = 1;
———- ——————–
1 Bowie
If this table contained 100M rows, it might of course take a long long long time and if we had too many users performing too many Full Table Scans, the entire database might of course scream to a thudding halt, but yes at least we've now got our queries working to the point of ignoring unusable indexes.
But is a database (or application or part thereof) that performs nothing but Full Table Scans really a scenario we want to be in? Does this really help to justify the separating of indexes from our tables ? Hummm, not sure about that one …
What about our DML operations now the index is unusable, do these at least function to some degree ?
SQL> insert into bowie_1 values (4, 'IGGY');
insert into bowie_1 values (4, 'IGGY')
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01502: index 'BOWIE.BOWIE_1_PK' or partition of such index is in unusable state
That's a no for our first parent table example …
SQL> insert into bowie_2 values (6, 1);
insert into bowie_2 values (6, 1)
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01502: index 'BOWIE.BOWIE_1_PK' or partition of such index is in unusable state
And that's also a no for our child, FK table example. Oracle still needs to use the problematic PK related index to police the value in our FK column.
So what kind of database environment are we left with when the indexes from our index only tablespace becomes problematic, even with all our tables totally intact.
Well, until we make the indexes unusable, all index related queries will be falling over all over the place with database related errors. Once we go through a process of identifying all problematic indexes and making them all unusable, we're left with a database environment that's performing Full Table Scans all over the place. Just imagine how long it'll now take to find the customer details of that 10G table. Just imagine the user experience on the database when that 6 table join query can only be performed with Full Table Scans. Just imagine your user concurrent activity with no associated indexes available …
The good news of course is that the tables will at least get no bigger as all inserts will fail, all deletes will fail and many of the updates will fail, except on all those tables that have no Primary Key and no Unique Key and no Foreign Key. Ummm, just how many tables do you have that have no PK or UK or FK constraint ? Not many right …
Losing an index only tablespace would be a catastrophic event, one that would ruin the day of not only the poor DBA having to recover from such a scenario but also any poor user needing to access an impacted application.
One might even argue things could be better if a tablespace containing both tables and indexes was lost if it resulted in another tablespace containing other tables and indexes still being available as at least some table/indexes would be accessible and usable in a viable manner.
Regardless, in either scenario, the database/tablespace/datafile would need to be recovered ASAP to stop user complaints flooding the help desk.
Of course having indexes in their own tablespace will help us recover from such a catastrophic scenario in a more simplistic, efficient and ultimately faster manner, right ?
Well, unfortunately, maybe not. I'll get around to discussing this issue sometime soon …
- 1. Robert Klemme - April 28, 2008
While reasoning about the "separating indexes" topic throughout the last weeks, one thought occurred to me that is applicable to a lot other Oracle myths as well, I believe.
The reasoning goes like this: with a product as mature as Oracle ("mature" measured in versions and number of years it has been around as well as support organization etc.) *if* doing X would make sense *then* it's highly likely that the product will – in some form or another – support doing X (e.g. by doing it automatically, making it easier…). The absence of any such support should spark scepticism about X actually making sense.
Applied to index tablespace separation these could be examples of the mentioned support
a) system database ships with two tablespaces one for data and one for indexes
b) there is a default tablespace "users_index" and newly created indexes without explicit tablespace clause go there by default
c) tablespaces have a flag indicating "data" tablespace or "index" tablespace, trying to place an entity in the wrong tablespace type results in an error
One could probably dream up a lot more like these. Since we're not seeing them we might as well question the original thesis that separating indexes from tables does improve performance.
- 2. Brian Tkatch - April 28, 2008
Good as usual Richard.
- 3. Claudia Zeiler - April 28, 2008
You have very convincingly shown that there is no particular advantage in performance terms to putting indexes in a separate tablespace.
But I have users who want to separate them because that is what they are comfortable with. Therefore, is there a DISADVANTAGE in separating tables and indexes into separate tablespaces? The advantage of separating them, that you haven't mentioned, is that it saves me a lot of arguments.
- 4. Gary - April 28, 2008
Possible Disadvantage : If you put indexes and tables in different tablespaces, where do you put your index-organized tables ? Do you refuse to use them because they don't "fit", or you have to come up with some reason to justify them in one place or the other.
- 5. SeánMacGC - April 29, 2008
As usual Richard, you're indulging your habit of allowing sound and irrefutable science to interfere with universally received and acclaimed 'truths'… keep it up! 😉
- 14. Marcin Przepiorowski - May 12, 2008
It was really nice research.
I have found our blog a few days ago and it's very interesting.
I'm now thinking about how many Oracle myths are true these days 😉 Maybe none of them. Regards,
- 16. Brian Tkatch - May 13, 2008
Richard, that myths are untrue is a myth! 😛
The first definition on Dictionary.com "a traditional or legendary story, usually concerning some being or hero or event, with or without a determinable basis of fact or a natural explanation, esp. one that is concerned with deities or demigods and explains some practice, rite, or phenomenon of nature." has nothing to do with the veracity of the statement, but rather, its source.
This is quite apropos for Oracle Myths, as that is what they are, traditional or legendary stories.
Many people use the word myth to take a superiority over the matter (scientists who challenge myths) but others do not (MythBusters, the television show).


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How Long is a LPN / LVN Program
Choosing to enroll in an licensed practical nurse program (LPN programs) is a great choice for anyone that's ever been interested in a solid career. At this point in our economic decline, there still remains a high demand for professionals in the nursing industry. Settling for a thankless, low-paying job may suffice for a time, but will rarely allow you to advance in your field in order to build a better future for yourself. If you have ever felt the desire to realize your philanthropic potential and are looking for a stable career, LPN programs may be the perfect thing for you.
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Microsoft Mobile Mangalore Service Center Address, Nokia Care Center – email IDs, timings, contact number, fax number, website and other related information is listed here with the address of Microsoft Mobile care location and recycling point in Mangalore, Microsoft Mobile Mangalore customer care number.
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Iranian military officials have revealed a new domestically built armed unmanned aircraft that they say is capable of reaching much of the rest of the Middle East, including Israel. The drone, called the Shahed-129, was shown on Iranian television yesterday. It bears a striking resemblance to the US military's MQ-1 Predator (except that its V-shaped tailfin faces up, and not down).
General Amir Ali Hajizadeh, the head of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps' aviation wing, said the drone has a range of over 1,200 miles and can stay airborne for up to 24 hours. The Shahed (or "Witness") drone can carry missiles or bombs, as well as provide aerial remote surveillance.
It's not clear whether any technology from the CIA-operated Lockheed Martin RQ-170 (a "stealth" surveillance drone that was captured by the Iranians in December) was incorporated into the Shahed-129. But the aircraft nearly doubles the range of Iran's previous drones, including the Karrar jet-powered bomber drone unveiled in 2010.
Iran has claimed to be copying the RQ-170 as well, which Iranian engineers claim was captured by using GPS jamming and spoofing to fool the drone into flying off course.


text:
- Prayer and Worship
- Beliefs and Teachings
- Issues and Action
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- Bible
- Catholic Giving
- About USCCB
1For the leader. A maskil of David, 2when Doeg the Edomite entered and reported to Saul, saying to him: "David has entered the house of Ahimelech."a
3Why do you glory in what is evil, you who are mighty by the mercy of God?
All day long
4you are thinking up intrigues;
your tongue is like a sharpened razor,
you worker of deceit.b
5You love evil more than good,
lying rather than saying what is right.c
6You love all the words that create confusion,
you deceitful tongue.d
7God too will strike you down forever,
he will lay hold of you and pluck you from your tent,
uproot you from the land of the living.e
8The righteous will see and they will fear;
but they will laugh at him:f
9"Behold the man! He did not take God as his refuge,
but he trusted in the abundance of his wealth,
and grew powerful through his wickedness."g
10But I, like an olive tree* flourishing in the house of God,h
I trust in God's mercy forever and ever.
11I will thank you forever
for what you have done.
I will put my hope in your name—for it is good,i
—in the presence of those devoted to you.
* [Psalm 52] A condemnation of the powerful and arrogant (Ps 52:3–6), who bring down upon themselves God's judgment (Ps 52:7). The just, those who trust in God alone, are gladdened and strengthened by the downfall of their traditional enemies (Ps 52:8–9).
* [52:10] Like an olive tree: the righteous will flourish in the house of God like a well-watered olive tree, cf. Ps 92:14; 128:3.
b. [52:4] Ps 12:3; 59:8; 120:2–3; Sir 51:3.
c. [52:5] Jer 4:22; Jn 3:19–20.
e. [52:7] Ps 27:13; 28:5; 56:14; Jb 18:14; Prv 2:22; Is 38:11.
g. [52:9] Jb 31:24; Prv 11:28.
h. [52:10] Ps 1:3; 92:12–14; Jer 11:16; 17:8.
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Red Hat has announced the beta release of Red Hat Software Collections 1.0, with the intention of bringing stable versions of some of the most popular web development languages and open source databases for use with Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
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Red Hat says it plans a "frequent release cadence" for Red Hat Software Collections, providing developers with updated runtime components on which they can create new features and capabilities.
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- Ruby 1.9.3 with Rails 3.2.8 — with its improved Unicode support and threading.
- Python version 2.7 — includes new unit test features, faster I/O, and tools and back-ported features from Python 3.
- Python version 3.3 — with improvements in language consistency, Unicode performance, imports, and distribution of packages.
- PHP version 5.4 — with new language syntax, reduced memory consumption, and a built-in web server in CLI mode for development workflows and testing.
- Perl version 5.16.3 — with improved Unicode support, new debugging options, and enhanced security.
- Technology Preview of node.js version 0.10 — delivers a module for handling streams and better error handling with domains.
Ashesh Badani, general manager for cloud and OpenShift at Red Hat, said that Red Hat Software Collections 1.0 Beta also includes access to the latest stable versions of the following runtime databases: MariaDB version 5.5, MySQL version 5.5, plus PostgreSQL version 9.2, which includes native JSON support.


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architect wrote:Join the Classic Castle set review discussion. Please post your opinions on the set play ability, piece selection, design, etc. Which sets stand up to our catapult of critique and which ones crumble in shame!
This week's set is 7009 The Final Joust.
The Final Joust was released in 2007 for Castle. A fully armed knight his horse joust against the black skeleton knight and his skeleton steed. Various accessories, a jousting fence, and a weapons rack are included.
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We directly employ operatives local to Melksham; we won't simply pass work on to other companies or sole traders.
All of our Melksham drainage engineers are approved by the Water Industry & Safe Contractor.
We have a dedicated helpdesk receiving calls 24/7. We can provide emergency response & out of hours service.
We have been shortlisted for awards at both the 2014 and 2015 South West Built Environment Awards including SME of the year.
Either email us at firstname.lastname@example.com, call us on 01225 462598 or complete the below form for a free, no-obligation quote.
Our operatives and work practices are closely examined each year by the below organisations. Our company is certified to provide a high standard of work.


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Based in Northern Italy at Cassola, Manfrotto designs, manufactures and markets a wide range of camera and lighting support equipment for the professional photographic, film, theater, live entertainment and video markets.
The product line includes an extensive range of camera tripods and heads, lighting stands and accessories.
It has become a tradition of Manfrotto to continually invest in the latest technology together with constant assessment of the product range, production needs and consumer trends. This policy maintains the highest standard of quality at all stages and set the standards others follow.
Tripods and Heads
Manfrotto Q6 Top Lock Quick Release AdapterCurrent Offers, Quick Releases & Plates, Tripod AccessoriesFast, easy, secure camera quick release for heavy pro equipment
£81.63 Excl. VAT£75.00 Excl. VAT £81.63 Excl. VAT£75.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 200PL Quick Release Plate 1/4inch. c/w adapter for 3/8incCurrent Offers, Quick Releases & PlatesThe Manfrotto 200PL Quick Release Plate is easy to use intuitive and practical. You get everything you need in a professional standard photo plate with the Quick Release Plate with 1/4" Screw and Rubber Grip. It's made from lightweight and durable aluminium, so it'll stand the test of time, even with heavy use. And it's super-slim, so you'll never weigh or bulk out your camera when you attach it. This in itself makes it a totally practical, must-have addition to your camera kit, whatever the shoot demands.£15.95 Excl. VAT£15.95 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 394 Quick Release AdapterCurrent Offers, Quick Releases & Plates
£48.71 Excl. VAT
- RC4 Quick Release System
- Equipped with 2 built-in spirit levels
- Supplied with 1/4' and 3/8' camera fixing screws
Manfrotto 410PL Accessory PlateCurrent Offers, Other Tripod Accessories
Product description
410PL (RC4 style) supplied with 1/4' and 3/8' screw.
£16.46 Excl. VAT
- Supplied with 1/4" & 3/8" fixing screw
- Compatible with 405 and 410 Geared head
- Made of aluminium
Hexagonal Adapter Plate 030-14Other Tripod Accessories, Tripod Accessories
Product description
Plate with 1/4" screw.£20.96 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 475B Geared TripodCurrent Offers, Photography Tripods, Tripods and Studio
£199.00 Excl. VAT
- Innovative centre base structure system for reliability
- Quick-action leg blocks for maximum rigidity and quick setup
- Studio tripod with three-faceted centre column for stability
- Anti-rotating leg sections keep you tripod stable and secure
- Rubber/metal spiked feet for sturdy shooting
Manfrotto 161MK2B Super Professional TripodCurrent Offers, Photography Tripods, Tripods and Studio
£434.96 Excl. VAT
- The tallest studio tripod in our range
- Clever self-geared locking column for extra speed
- Locking, self-adjusting leg angles
- Fully compatible with a range of accessories
- Stay steady with retractable, rubber spiked feet
Manfrotto MVH500AHCurrent Offers, Fluid Video Heads
£112.46 Excl. VAT
- Tripod video head with fluid drag on pan and tilt
- Additional counterbalance on tilt for extra accuracy
- Fast set-up and connection with sliding camera plate
- Flat base is compatible with a variety of tripods
- Features universal easy link for accessories
Manfrotto 405 Geared Tripod HeadCurrent Offers, Specialist & Panoramic Heads, Tripod Heads
£332.49 Excl. VAT
- Micrometric Knobs offer you precise framing composition
- Tripod head locking system allows you to alter axes faster
- Levelling bubble gives you precise framing composition
- Aluminium body ensures your geared head's long term reliability
- Large ergonomic knobs provide you with simple geared control
Manfrotto MHXPRO-3WG3-Way & Pan-Tilt Heads, Current Offers, Tripod Accessories, Tripod Heads
- Frame and shoot precisely by adjusting with the micrometric knob
- Extremely lightweight thanks to its Adapto body
- Levelling bubble for versatile, accurate composition
- Move the axes faster by loosening the locking system
- Quick and easy to set up thanks to its 200PL plate
£138.71 Excl. VAT£107.50 Excl. VAT £138.71 Excl. VAT£107.50 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto MT057C4 Carbon Fiber Tripod 4 SectionsCurrent Offers, Tripods and Studio, Photography Tripods
- Extra-rigid carbon fiber 4 section Legs
- Ground Level Adapter to reach ultra-low positions
- Levelling bubble to be always level to the horizon
- Extreme versatile thanks to 3 leg angle positions
- Roboust magnesium spidercast and leg locks
£562.46 Excl. VAT£498.33 Excl. VAT £562.46 Excl. VAT£498.33 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto MPMXPROA5 5-Section MonopodCurrent Offers, Monopods
£56.96 Excl. VAT
- Photo monopod dedicated to travellers
- Fits in backpacks and messenger camera bags
- New rubber leg warmer design for fast & secure movement
- Compatible with Manfrotto's FLUIDTECH base
- Quick Power Lock system for rapid, effortless and reliable set up
Manfrotto MPMXPROA4- Aluminium Monopod with Quick power lockCurrent Offers, Monopods, Photography Tripods
£56.96 Excl. VAT
- Camera monopod for expanded shooting range
- D-shaped tubes ensure rigidity and steadiness
- New rubber leg warmer design for fast & secure movement
- Compatible with Manfrotto's FLUIDTECH base
- Quick Power Lock system for rapid, effortless and reliable set up
Manfrotto MMXPROA3B -3 Section Photo Monopod 8Current Offers
- Photo Monopod provides steady telephoto lens shooting
- Smart retractable base increases stability only when needed
- ItemMarketplaceBulletPointDescription5_en
- New rubber leg warmer design for fast & secure movement
- Quick Power Lock system for rapid, effortless and reliable set up
£82.46 Excl. VAT£65.00 Excl. VAT £82.46 Excl. VAT£65.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto Aluminium Fluid Monopod with 500 HeadCurrent Offers, MonopodsThe MVM500A is a lightweight fluid monopod with a specially adapted 500 video head attached It has an innovative fluid pan cartridge incorporated into the monopod base that give...£233.29 Excl. VAT£233.29 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto XPRO Over 4-Section Aluminum MonopodCurrent Offers, MonopodsThe new XPRO Monopod OVER is a professional photo monopod made for photographers that require extra height to stand out of the crowd or to master a wide range of shooting angles...£58.29 Excl. VAT£58.29 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 190 Aluminium 3-Section Tripod with 3-Way HeadCurrent Offers, Photography TripodsThe key feature of the 190XPRO3 is its 90° centre column mechanism, which allows the column to be extended vertically as normal, or horizontally to open up a wide range of f...£241.63 Excl. VAT£241.63 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 290 Carbon MonopodCurrent Offers, Monopods4 section carbon fiber legs allow compactness and lightness Rock solid aluminum adjustable leg locks Upper disc with integrated 1/4" – 3/8" att...£58.29 Excl. VAT£58.29 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto Video Camera Plate 500PLONGCurrent Offers, Quick Releases & PlatesThis long version of the standard plate allows perfect balance for camcorders with unusual weight distribution caused by long telescopic lenses or heavy batteries Supplied with ...£21.83 Excl. VAT£21.83 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 322RC2 Heavy Duty Grip Action Ball HeadBall Heads, Current OffersManfrotto 322RC2 Heavy Duty Grip Action Ball Head - Take the versatility of a ball head, add true ergonomic control and you get the 322RC2: a photographic head that allows you to u...£91.88 Excl. VAT£91.88 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 190CXPRO4 Carbon Fibre TripodCurrent Offers, Photography TripodsManfrotto 190CXPRO4 Carbon Fibre Tripod - The 4-section 190CXPRO4 combines great compactness and improved rigidity with maximum height It's extremely light weight and include...£232.46 Excl. VAT£232.46 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 058B Triaut Tripod (Black)Current Offers, Photography TripodsManfrotto 058B Triaut Tripod - The 058 Triaut is one of the most exciting tripods in the whole Manfrotto range, featuring patented simultaneous release of all three legs or any ind...£254.96 Excl. VAT£254.96 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 494 Mini Ball HeadBall Heads, Current OffersStrong, durable, and compact, this tripod head has it all. Meet the Mini Ball Head, the photographic solution that will get the job done. Despite its size, this tough piece of kit can carry up to 4kg with ease. Its compact and durable features make it the ideal accessory for amateurs looking for a flexible and high-quality ball head for point and shoot activities.£37.50 Excl. VAT£37.50 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 804RC2 Basic Pan/Tilt Head3-Way & Pan-Tilt Heads, Current OffersManfrotto 804RC2 Basic Pan/Tilt Head 3-way photo head constructed of ultra-durable and lightweight technical polymer, the 804RC2 easily withstands the daily rigors of the professio...
£52.46 Excl. VAT£30.00 Excl. VAT £52.46 Excl. VAT£30.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 808RC4 Head3-Way & Pan-Tilt Heads, Current OffersManfrotto 808RC4 Head The 808RC4 streamlines our range of 3-way heads by incorporating new elements while maintaining all the features you loved There are two balance springs in th...£101.21 Excl. VAT£101.21 Excl. VAT
Bags and Cases
Manfrotto ProLight Reloader Tough Carry-On Case MB PL-RL-TL55Bags & Cases, Current Offers
- Rigid and robust made in Italy photographic hard-case
- Based on lightweight and military standard materials
- Comes with a tripod holder system
- Safe release system latches for security
- Available in two version TL-55 low hood and TH-55 high hood
£224.95 Excl. VAT£189.00 Excl. VAT £224.95 Excl. VAT£189.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto Pro-Light Rolling Organiser – MB PL-LW-97W-2Bags & Cases, Current Offers, Transport Cases
- Roller bag for lighting equipment
- Includes Shock-absorbing Camera Protection System
- Made from lightweight materials for comfortably travel
- Stronger side and top grip handle
- Provides a long-lasting, durable storage solution for lighting
£358.30 Excl. VAT£316.00 Excl. VAT £358.30 Excl. VAT£316.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto MB PL-RL-55 – Pro Light Reloader for DSLR and Camcorder.Current Offers, Transport Cases
£232.46 Excl. VAT
- Outer made from Pro-Light Rip-Stop nylon fabric
- Can fit a gripped DSLR with 400/2.8, 200-400/4, 500/4 detached
- Camera roller bag with TSA approved combination zipper
- Customisable dividers for Canon C100 and light stands
- Comes with standard 84mm bearing wheels that can be replaced
Manfrotto MB PL-LW-99-2 Rolling OrganiserCurrent Offers, Lighting Bags & Cases, Transport Cases, Tripods & Stand Bags
- Rolling camera organiser made to Italy's world-class standards
- Smart Camera Protection protects against knocks and bumps
- Made from lightweight materials for comfortably travel
- Can be sealed tight to protect against dust and rain
- Provides a long-lasting, durable storage solution for lighting
£367.46 Excl. VAT£316.00 Excl. VAT £367.46 Excl. VAT£316.00 Excl. VAT
Studio and Grip
Manfrotto Nano Photo Stand-Black -5001BLighting Accessories, Stands & Grip
£53.00 Excl. VAT
- Compact and lightweight photo stand for on-the-go shoots
- Strong aluminium stand that's designed to last
- Compact design that neatly folds away when you're done
- Supports a maximum payload of 1.5kg
- Cleverly compatible with standard attachments
Manfrotto 026 Lite-Tite AdapterLighting Accessories, Stands & GripThe practical, multipurpose, reliable umbrella adapter. You'll never get caught short in bad weather with the ultra-handy Lite-Tite Swivel Aluminium Umbrella adapter in your kit bag. Not only is it smart, flexible and user-friendly, it's also crafted to the highest quality standards, so you can be sure this great accessory is built to last, even for the busiest professional.£28.33 Excl. VAT£28.33 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 1004BAC Master StandCurrent Offers, Stands & GripTransportable and compact, the Master Stand is an innovative must-have. Made from reliable and lightweight aluminium, it won't weigh you down and is sturdy enough to support up to 9kg.£107.05 Excl. VAT£107.05 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 035 SuperclampArms & Supports, Current Offers, Stands & GripManfrotto 035 Superclamp - Ideal clamp for photographic application.£20.00 Excl. VAT£20.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 175 Spring ClampClamps & Mounts, Stands & Grip
£15.71 Excl. VAT
- Flexible clamp tripod with multiple attachment options
- Securely clamps onto bars up to 40mm
- 15.9mm stud with 6.35mm thread attachment for great versatility
- A customisable add-on for greater efficiency
- Designed in Italy with the highest standards of quality
Manfrotto 042 Extension ArmArms & Supports, Current Offers, Tripod Accessories
£16.99 Excl. VAT
- includes 013 Double Ended Spigot, with 3/8 and 1/4" threaded tips
- It plugs into the Super Clamp
- Ideal for hanging a light or a camera from a pole
- 19,5cm in length
Manfrotto 244 Variable Mini Friction ArmArms & Supports, Clamps & Mounts, Current Offers
£59.00 Excl. VAT
- Manufactured to world-class standards in Italy
- Highly durable thanks to its aluminium design
- Ergonomic handle for easy adjustments
- Compatible with a wide range of adapters
- Buy with an anti-rotation adapter for even more stability
Manfrotto 013 Brass Adapter SpigotAccessories, Lighting Accessories, Stands & Grip
£8.50 Excl. VAT
- Ideal for use with a variety of stands and grip gear
- Tripod adapter spigot with universal 16mm diameter
- Standard 6.4mm and 9.5mm threaded ends for compatibility
- Weighs a mere 70g for great portability
- High-quality and durable brass body
Manfrotto 119 Adapter SpigotStands & Grip
£5.75 Excl. VAT
- 16mm long universal adapter spigot
- 1/4" female thread and a 3/8" female thread at the other end
- Made of Brass
- 3,1cm in height
Manfrotto 088LBP Adapter SmallCurrent Offers, Quick Releases & Plates
£8.29 Excl. VAT
- Converts 1/4" screw to 3/8"
- Made of aluminium
- Use with light stands or tripods that have a top screw of 1/4"
Manfrotto 375 Versatile MulticlipAccessories, Current Offers
£8.96 Excl. VAT
- Versatile small and lightweight double clip
- Useful to hold reflector cards, gobo, gels in front of lights
- Total length is 11,4cm (4.5")
- Weighs 80gr (0.17lb)
Manfrotto 244N variable Friction ArmArms & Supports, Current Offers, Stands & Grip£80.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto CROMA2 LED LightCurrent Offers, LightingNew generation compact LED lights for professional and enthusiast photographers/videographers CROMA2 boasts the latest LED technology available (SMT – Surface Mo...£274.96 Excl. VAT£274.96 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 081 Background Baby HooksBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersThe Manfrotto 081 Background Baby Hooks is the perfect product for every photographer who wants to support a background paper very quickly and easily using the stands The '&...£37.50 Excl. VAT£37.50 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 1051BAC Mini Compact StandCurrent Offers, Stands & GripCompact and Lightweight stand with a payload of up to 5Kg (11lb) 1051BAC stands connect to each other for easy transportation Air cushioning protects fingers and...£57.50 Excl. VAT£57.50 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 386B Nano ClampArms & Supports, Current Offers, Stands & GripThe Manfrotto 386B Nano Clamp is a smaller version of the popular Super Clamp The 386B Nano clamp features a high friction tape which improves the grip, a high performance alumi...£26.67 Excl. VAT£26.67 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 131DDB Accessory Arm For 4 HeadsCurrent Offers, Stands & Grip, Arms & SupportsMounts on any column with 3/8'' thread, this side arm allows positioning of two heads on a 90 degree perpendicular angle Two positional head mounts on the side arm allow...£95.83 Excl. VAT£95.83 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 275 Mini Spring ClampStands & GripClamps onto bars up to diameter 35mm It can be mounted also on 16mm extension arms...£14.58 Excl. VAT£14.58 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 037 Camera StudStands & GripPlugs into Super Clamp 035 socket To mount cameras, directly or with a camera head 3/8'' and 1/4'' threads...£5.79 Excl. VAT£5.79 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 1052BAC-3 Lightweight x 3 (Black)Current Offers, Stands & GripPack of 3 Compact and Lightweight stand with a payload of up to 5Kg (11lb) 1052BAC stands connect to each other for easy transportation Air cushioning prot...£190.83 Excl. VAT£190.83 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 045 Background Paper Triple HooksBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersManfrotto 045 Background Paper Triple Hooks Set of two background paper holders for three Expan 046 Can be fixed to a wall with supplied studs and screws, or to Super Clamp 035 ...£27.00 Excl. VAT£27.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 1314B Portable Background Support KitBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersManfrotto 1314B Portable Background Support Kit Comprises (2x STANDS + SUPPORT + BAG + SPRING) Manfrotto Background Supports & Accessories - Manfrotto offer a variety of differ...£207.50 Excl. VAT£207.50 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 143N Magic Arm onlyArms & Supports, Current Offers, Stands & GripManfrotto 143N Magic Arm only (Magic arm only, no accessories) Manfrotto Arms, Brackets & Bars - mainly used in conjunction with stands or clamps, our articulated arms, mult...£82.50 Excl. VAT£82.50 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 143 MAGIC ARM KitArms & Supports, Current Offers, Stands & GripManfrotto 143 MAGIC ARM KIT - Articulated arm with centre lever to lock all 3 movements Supplied with: Camera/Umbrella Bracket 143BKT, Super Clamp 035, Backlite Base 003 Man...£128.33 Excl. VAT£128.33 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 032B Auto PoleBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersManfrotto 032B Autopole Autopole System - The ultimate adjustable lighting pole system can be used to create a background support, structure a lighting grid, substitute a stand for...£98.25 Excl. VAT£98.25 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 1052BAC Lightweight (Black)Current Offers, Stands & GripCompact and Lightweight stand with a payload of up to 5Kg (11lb) 1052BAC stands connect to each other for easy transportation Air cushioning protects fingers and...£57.50 Excl. VAT£57.50 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 059WM Wall Mounted B/Paper HooksBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersManfrotto 059WM Wall Mounted B/Paper Hooks Wall fixing background paper holder set for one Expan 046 Complete with screw set Manfrotto Background Supports & Accessories - Manfr...£14.49 Excl. VAT£14.49 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 046MCR Expan(Metal Chain) Background Paper Holder SetBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersManfrotto 046MCR Expan(Metal Chain) Background Paper Holder Set Set of two background paper holders for three Expan 046 Can be fixed to a wall with supplied studs and screws, or...£67.96 Excl. VAT£67.96 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 043 Sky Hook Gaffer Grip 5/8F+2 SPBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersManfrotto 043 Sky Hook Gaffer Grip 5/8F+2 SP Gaffer grip with adjustable jaws Grip from: 25mm to 65mm Spring Clamps will hold on to sheet metal, wood panels, pipes/tubes/risers and...£25.60 Excl. VAT£25.60 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 059 Background Paper Single HooksBackgrounds & Props, Current OffersManfrotto 059 Background Paper Single Hooks Set of two wall fixing background paper holders for one Expan 046 Plugs into Super Clamp 035 socket Manfrotto Background Supports &am...£13.95 Excl. VAT£13.95 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 220 Still Life TableCurrent Offers, Shooting TablesManfrotto 220 Still Life Table with 200x122cm Perspex Area (L x W) Still Life Table with white, translucent perspex cover for back or front lighting Adjustable tilting back The Sti...£660.00 Excl. VAT£660.00 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 320 Mini Still Life TableCurrent Offers, Shooting TablesManfrotto 320 Mini Still Life Table with 150x78cm Perspex Area (L x W) Smaller version of Still Life Table model 220 Adjustable tilting back and adjustable front legs Still Life Ta...£321.85 Excl. VAT£321.85 Excl. VAT
Manfrotto 119 Adapter Spigot FEMALE 1/4 – 3/8Stands & GripManfrotto 119 Adapter Spigot FEMALE 1/4 - 3/8 Universal short 16 mm spigot with double female thread 1/4" and 3/8" Lighting Supp Accessories - the Manfrotto/Avenger range...£5.82 Excl. VAT£5.82 Excl. VAT


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Elvis Presley was better known for his music than his gourmet tastes. But he did have a famous affinity for the fried goodness of the American South — and he had the waistline to prove it.
In honor of what would have been the King of Rock 'n' Roll's 78th birthday, let's take a look at some of his legendary eating habits.
His famously beloved fried peanut butter and banana sandwiches — or "peanut butter and 'nanner sandwiches," according to Are You Hungry Tonight, a cookbook of his favorite recipes — were basically peanut butter and sliced banana between two pieces of white bread, fried in butter.
Butter seems to have been a frequent part of Presley's diet, contributing to his weight gain before his untimely demise at age 42 in 1977. By that time, "Elvis had long been gobbling drugs and fatty foods," Graeme Wood writes over at the now-defunct The Daily. "But his romance with saturated fat reached a sort of point-of-no-return 18 months before the end, on a chilly night that started at Graceland, his estate in Memphis, Tenn."
Wood recounts the story of Presley's famous flight to Denver one night to get a sandwich that topped even his old familiar favorite. One night in 1976, the King started reminiscing about Fool's Gold Loaf, a sandwich he'd once eaten at the Colorado Mine Company in Denver. It cost $49.95 at the time — $189 in today's dollars, Wood says.
Apparently, Presley's craving was so intense that he and his entourage jumped on his private plane and jetted off for the two-hour ride to Denver — a midnight junk food run that totaled $16,000, says Wood.
As for the calorie count involved, estimates vary: Wood says 8,000 but some estimates have run as high as 42,000! Here's the recipe:
"Take a whole loaf of Italian bread and slice it lengthwise. Hollow it out and slather it with margarine. Then add a whole jar of jelly and a whole jar of creamy peanut butter, creating two large boats of PB&J. Finally, add a whole pound of fried bacon. Before adding the bacon, dab away the grease on paper towels (presumably to avoid adding unnecessary fat and rendering the sandwich disgusting). Then reunite the sandwich halves, deep-fry, and serve."
Far be it from us to advocate anyone eat like Presley (as we've told you before, all that bacon could be the death of you). Still, those curious about the King's other culinary ways can dive into these recipes from the authorized cookbook, Graceland's Table: Recipes Fit for the King of Rock and Roll.
Or you could try a modern interpretation of Elvis' immortal beloved snack — The Elvis Presley Milkshake, from Charleston, S.C.-based chef Sean Brock. He shared the recipe for All Things Considered's Found Recipe series.
Every January 8th, Brock works peanut butter and banana into the menu at his restaurants. One year, as he was serving cheeseburgers to his staff, the idea of a milkshake hit him. "[I]t was kind of weird, especially with the bacon in the milkshake, but it turned out to be delicious," Brock says. Listen to All Things Considered's story later for more details, but here's the recipe if you just can't wait.
Sean Brock's Elvis Presley Milkshake
From Come In, We're Closed: An Invitation to Staff Meals at the World's Best Restaurants
Serves 4 to 6
5 thick-cut strips of smoked bacon
2 very ripe bananas
1/2 cup smooth peanut butter
1/4 cup Buffalo Trace bourbon
3 cups vanilla ice cream, softened slightly
3 tablespoons of bacon fat, cooled
In a large skillet over medium-high heat, fry the bacon until very crispy, about 6 to 8 minutes. Drain the bacon on paper towels. Reserve the rendered bacon fat separately, allowing it to cool slightly.
Place the bananas, peanut butter and bourbon in a blender. Add the cooked bacon and 3 tablespoons of the reserved bacon fat and blend until smooth, about 45 seconds, scraping down the sides if necessary. Add the ice cream and pulse to incorporate into a smooth shake, about 30 seconds. If you'd like, you can also incorporate the ice cream by hand by mixing it in with a whisk or an immersion blender; this will help keep the shake in a more frozen state. Serve immediately. Transfer any extra shake to a lidded container and reserve in the freezer. Because the alcohol prevents it from completely freezing, it turns into a scoopable ice cream.
P.S.: It's also the birthday of another famous rocker — David Bowie. It's highly unlikely that the now 66-year-old Thin White Duke ever ingested 100,000 calories a day, as some sources have suggested Presley did toward the end. Of course, Bowie's still kicking — and rocking. As our friends at All Songs Considered note, the singer is celebrating the day by releasing a new song.
Over at Flavorwire, check out a slideshow of Bowie doing ordinary things, like eating airplane food, cutting his birthday cake, and more recently, food shopping.
And now, we take a moment to commemorate the 78th birthday of Elvis Presley.
ELVIS PRESLEY: (Singing) Well, bless my soul, what's wrong with me? I'm itching like a man on a fuzzy tree...
BLOCK: Okay, okay. Seventy-eight is not exactly a milestone, but it's a good enough excuse to hear our latest found recipe, the Elvis Presley milkshake.
SEAN BROCK: It's peanut butter, banana, some cooked crispy bacon and we also used bacon fat and ice cream.
BLOCK: Wait, did he say bacon and bacon fat? Oh, yes, he did. There's also some bourbon in there.
BLOCK: To tell us all about the Elvis Presley milkshake is Chef Sean Brock, owner of the restaurant Husk and McCrady's in Charleston, South Carolina. It's something he concocted to share with his staff as a treat. It goes great with cheeseburgers, he says.
PRESLEY: (Singing) My heart beats so it scares me to death. Well, she touched my...
SEAN BROCK: I am a really big Elvis fan. One of his favorite things to eat was a peanut butter and banana sandwich that he would often fry in bacon fat or, like, tons and tons of butter.
PRESLEY: (Singing) Well, I woke up this morning (unintelligible)
BROCK: One day, it was right around Elvis' birthday, I just wanted to do something unique and fun. And immediately thought of those flavors.
PRESLEY: (Singing) I ain't had no milk and butter since that cow's been gone.
BROCK: So two very ripe bananas, vanilla ice cream, just straight peanut butter, some bacon that has been cooked crispy and there's also a little bacon fat. You want the bacon fat to be cold and solid. The bourbon is really my touch. A lot of people don't know that Elvis actually didn't drink. It's just something we added in there for our own personal amusement.
PRESLEY: (Singing) Let's milk it.
BROCK: I don't even want to know what the calorie count is going to be. There you go, an Elvis Presley milkshake. And it has, like, chunks of bacon in it. So good. One of my favorite things.
PRESLEY: (Singing) Well...
BLOCK: Chef Sean Brock is based in Charleston, South Carolina. You can get the recipe for the Elvis Presley milkshake at NPR's food blog "The Salt," and try it for yourself.
And just out of curiosity, between the bacon, peanut butter, bourbon, ice cream and bananas, we decided to figure a rough estimate of how many calories are in that recipe. And it's just under 2,400 calories. But break it up with six friends and you're looking at about 400 calories per serving.
BLOCK: Ooh, about an hour on the treadmill uphill. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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RM Punk wrote:All in all, sounded like a great night. I've heard Styles isn't too fond of "TNA sucks" chants :|
The show started on time and the Fans are chanting "Fuck you Joe!".
SoCalAndy wrote:The show started on time and the Fans are chanting "Fuck you Joe!".
German fans are now the best fans in the world. Best fans ever. Best fans in the universe. Anyone have any reports from the show?
Aaron wrote:The wXw crowd - best in the world, no question. The UK fans - really can swing and be unpredictable. I hated the atmosphere at Universal Uproar when you even had handfuls of TNA and ROH marks shitting on Kenta Kobashi of all people. . .
@ PWG guys: The only laments after the shows were against the fans. Ignore them. Trust your memory on what happened. German internet fans are a self-loathing entity
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text: Japan Real Time is a newsy, concise guide to what works, what doesn't and why in the one-time poster child for Asian development, as it struggles to keep pace with faster-growing neighbors while competing with Europe for Michelin-rated restaurants. Drawing on the expertise of The Wall Street Journal and Dow Jones Newswires, the site provides an inside track on business, politics and lifestyle in Japan as it comes to terms with being overtaken by China as the world's second-biggest economy. You can contact the editors at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Primary Material: Purple Quartz
Size: 48x23x8mm,43x23x9mm,21.9g
Pattern: Natural
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Great carving, as described.
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I installed all the cgi files, etc, changed permissions, set up a database and ran the firstrun.cgi
Once I got all the fields filled out, I clicked to complete the install and I got a white screen and the links showed the firstrun.cgi http://mysite/cgi-bin/subscriber/firstrun.cgi
I can not log into the admin panel.
What should I do to complete the install?
Marten Davis


text:
This baptismal certificate was extracted and delivered to a parish in Russian-Poland some time after May 1880. No doubt so Jan Vitus Martino[w] could marry some woman in her parish. It was the oddity of finding such a document amongst the church records written in Cyrillic/Russian for a Russian-Poland partition that I was shocked at the unexpected find.
I also used to collect European postage stamps (mostly Poland, Hungary and the Germanic states) of this era so to see the stamps used as a kind of fee/tax always interests me.
Jan Vitus son of Adalbert Martino[w] son of Mikolaj & Agata Malek and Victoria daughter of Michael Michalek & Anna Siwiec born 15th June 1856. Godparents Michael Ligus & Maryanna widow of Gaspar Flasinicki.