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KAPALUA, Hawaii (AP) Ian Poulter was still in the holiday spirit with the Tournament of Champions looming, and he didn't decide until Tuesday whether to open his season in Hawaii. He reluctantly packed his bags and didn't have high hopes for the first tournament of the year.
He playfully told one follower on Twitter to ``save your money'' when he saw odds of Poulter winning at 12-to-1. And when he arrived on the Plantation Course - right about the time the rain returned, of course - he conceded to not be as ready to play as he normally is.
``I figured I might as well knock some of the turkey rust off me and come and play for a few days,'' Poulter said Thursday before his pro-am round. ``I might be a little rusty, but I'm going to play and see how we go.''
With only a 30-man field, he only has 29 guys to beat.
And while it was a big flight over from Florida, what's another 5,000 miles after all the places Poulter has gone the last few months?
After a short break following the Ryder Cup, Poulter's travels took him from Shanghai to Hong Kong to Melbourne to Dubai to Los Angeles to Florida, and then a brief trip to London for the BBC's Sports Personality of the Year awards.
But don't think it wasn't tempting to sit this one out. Poulter has a six-week break that starts after Maui and ends with the Match Play Championship.
``It would have been nice to have taken 10 weeks off,'' he said. ``I think that's exactly what Luke (Donald) has done, and there's a couple of others doing the same.''
HYUNDAI FUTURE: Hyundai is in the final year of its contract as title sponsor of the Tournament of Champions, and its vice president of marketing sounded optimistic that the South Korean automaker would be sticking around.
``We are very bullish,'' Steve Shannon said. ``We don't have anything to announce this week, partially because we are so focused in executive another great event. But we've had discussions with the PGA Tour. They have been great partners of ours. Certainly, our bias is to continue, but we just need to get this tournament behind us and then have some more discussions with them.
``We have done a lot of things each year to improve our involvement, and we would look to do that in the future again.''
The PGA Tour season opens with as many questions about who's not at Kapalua as who is. The top four in the world ranking are taking the week off - Rory McIlroy, Tiger Woods, Luke Donald and Justin Rose. Ernie Els is playing next week in South Africa., while Sergio Garcia and Phil Mickelson also opted not to come.
Shannon didn't seem overly bothered by that, saying the ``dynamic is what it is.'' Golf has changed over the last several years with more international players trying to juggle the PGA Tour and their home tours. Europeans and Australians, for example, play deep into November.
FOWLER'S SECRET: Asked to assess his year, Rickie Fowler described a slow start, his first PGA Tour win at the Wells Fargo Championship and then his secret.
He felt a twinge in his lower back at the U.S. Open. He kept playing through the summer, trying to reach his goals of qualifying for the Tour Championship (which he did) and making the Ryder Cup team (which he did not).
Turns out he had inflamed joints in his lower back, the product of slightly bad posture in his swing. Thanks to 3-D video archives at the Titleist Performance Institute, Fowler realized that the angle of his back was leaning away from the ball, a difference of only 5 degrees. But over time, it began causing pain.
He wound up taking plenty of time off to let it heal, missing his title defense in the Korea Open. Even now, Fowler said he's not quite at 100 percent, but he's good enough. And that time off left him excited about playing.
``After the two-month break I had, it kind of fueled the fire a little bit to come back out, and it makes you want to play and compete more,'' he said.
MASTER CRAFTSMAN MEMORY: Titleist's staff players at Kapalua are wearing gold ribbons on their hats in memory of Jaime Ramos, the master golf club builder at Titleist who died of a heart attack during the holiday at age 58.
Ramos made clubs for 35 years, starting at Cobra Golf when he built clubs for the likes of Greg Norman, Hale Irwin and Seve Ballesteros. He jointed Titleist in 1996 and built the clubs for all of Titleist's' players around the world, a list that over the years included Tiger Woods, David Duval, Phil Mickelson, Steve Stricker and Rory McIlroy.
``He took pride in his job and enjoyed watching the players he built clubs for have success,'' said Chris Tuten, director of tour promotions for Titleist. ``He was a legend among club builders and will be sorely missed by the Titleist family and all those who knew him.''
NO PANIC IN PARADISE: The last time Charlie Beljan played in a tournament, he suffered a severe panic attack at Disney that caused shortness of breath, spiked his blood pressure and sent him to the hospital - and yet he still managed to win.
It was a remarkable story to end the year, and it made Beljan eligible for the Tournament of Champions. Two months certainly feels like a lifetime ago.
``Feeling much better,'' Beljan said. ``Changed some eating habits. Changed some fitness routines and been working hard on my short game and looking forward to a great week here.''
Beljan figures he will be known as the rookie who suffered a panic attack, but he doesn't mind considering the number of people who might be helped because of the attention he brought to anxiety attacks.
``I'd like to be known as a golfer and a free spirit and a fun loving guy, but at the same time, what I experienced out there and what everybody saw brought a lot of attention to panic attacks and anxiety attacks and what a big deal it is and how many people do face it on a daily basis,'' Beljan said. ``So I've gotten a lot of letters and a lot of emails and stuff like that saying that I've been an inspiration to all.
``It's been pretty neat because I've touched people other than just playing golf.''

subset: commoncrawl


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Orphaned sea lion pups would take any milk and protection they can get, but decades of behavioral research has shown females viciously reject any unrelated pups who wander too closely.
A new genetic study of California sea lion populations, published Monday in the online journal PLoS ONE, now challenges the idea that sea lions are entirely cold to adoption.
Up to 17 percent of California sea lion females in populations off the coast of Mexico will take in an orphaned pup and raise it as their own, according to the new work. What's more, the study's authors witnessed females adopt orphaned pups and care for them season after season.
"Females are incredibly aggressive toward pups that aren't theirs. They'll bare teeth and bark, sometimes grab and toss pups that aren't their own away," said Ramona Flatz, a marine biologist at Arizona State University who made the discovery through an unrelated research effort. "That they adopt at all really surprised us. We didn't think it happened."
California sea lions number more than 180,000 on the Pacific Coast, inhabiting a huge range from southern Alaskan shores down to the coast of Mexico. Females live for about 20 years and produce one pup each season, nursing it for 6 months.
Flatz and her fellow researchers spent three summers walking around sea lion rookeries on the Mexican islands of San Jorge and Los Islotes, located about 400 miles apart in the Gulf of California, aka Sea of Cortez. Their original mission: to sample the DNA of female-pup pairs for an entirely different study of the animal's paternity.
"After getting my genetic lab results, I saw a bunch of mother-pup mismatches," Flatz said. "I was worried something had gone wrong."
To carry out the study, Flatz and her team used nets, electric razors, specialized crossbows and some guts. When the scientists found a nursing pup, they ran up and grabbed it by the back flippers, clipped a tissue sample from its toe, and gave it a special haircut to identify individual pups from far away.
Flatz captured pups when they were a couple days old to two months old and weighed from 18 to 26 pounds.
"However, they feel like about 50 lbs," she wrote in an e-mail. The team spent five minutes or less processing each pup, without sedation. "They do bite, so speed was helpful."
Before any pup was processed, however, the researchers used crossbows outfitted with nonlethal, tissue-collecting arrows for the roughly 250-pound mother sea lions.
"The arrows are attached by fishing line, so you shoot, it takes a little eraser chunk of skin out, and then you pull it back. Most females don't even notice," Flatz said.
Back in the lab, comparing the nursing pair's DNA showed that more than 17 percent of females at Los Islotes island raised pups that weren't their own, while 6 percent at San Jorge island adopted orphaned pups.
"I think those results are really thorough, but the thing that made me really confident these sea lions adopt were two individual cases, with photographs and behavioral observations," Flatz said.
In one case she documented a female calling for its pup, which Flatz had given a haircut, for three days. "Then all of the sudden she has a pup" that was unmarked, Flatz said. The other case was a genetically distinct pup-female pair sampled over two seasons. "I have no doubt that these were adoption events," she said.
Flatz can only speculate about California sea lion adoption, but thinks an evolution-backed maternal drive is responsible for the behavior in general. As for the high adoption rate as Los Islotes Island, she said it may be the work of people.
"I wouldn't be surprised if tourism increases adoption. That could spook new mothers and cause them to take off for good, leaving their pups behind," Flatz said. "Whatever is going on, it's a great jumping-off point for more research."
See Also:
- Famous San Francisco Sea Lions Abandon Their Pier 39 Post
- Photo of the Day #928: California Sea Lion
- A MASH Unit for Ailing Sea Mammals
- Face-to-Face With a Leopard Seal
Follow us on Twitter @davemosher and @wiredscience, and on Facebook.


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Mackinac Center President Invites Bob King to Debate 'Protect Our Jobs' Ballot Proposal After UAW Chief a No-Show at Policy Conference Debate
Wisconsin recall results show how seriously voters take issue of unionized government
For Immediate Release
Thursay, June 7, 2012
Contact: Michael Jahr
Vice President for Communications
MIDLAND — Mackinac Center for Public Policy President Joseph G. Lehman today extended an open invitation to UAW President Bob King to publicly debate the "Protect Our Jobs" ballot initiative one or more times between now and Election Day. Lehman and King were scheduled to debate the issue on May 31 at the Detroit Regional Chamber's Mackinac Policy Conference, but organizers said King cancelled a few days before and the "Protect Our Jobs" campaign sent a substitute. (You can watch a video of that debate and read the text of Lehman's comments here.)
"As we are both aware, the outcome of this proposal will have a major impact on state, local and school policies for decades to come," Lehman wrote in his letter to King. "I believe voters would be well served by a forthright and public debate between us as they make up their minds in the coming months."
Lehman said Tuesday's failed recall attempt of Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker puts the union-backed amendment front-and-center among the many ballot questions voters could face in November.
"Gov. Walker's margin of victory shows that taxpayers are yearning for leadership on this issue," Lehman said. "This radical constitutional amendment would benefit the 3 percent — the number of government union employees in Michigan — who want to shield themselves from the economic realities the 97 percent of us face."


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DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. – The Volusia County Sheriff's Office hazardous materials team says a suspicious letter addressed to a judge has been deemed safe.
Deputies said the letter was received around 11:45 a.m. Monday at the S. James Foxman Justice Center on Ridgewood Avenue in Daytona Beach.
Daytona Beach fire officials said letters sent to judges are always checked, and deputies who handled this letter, sent in an ordinary white envelope, noticed a suspicious powder on their hands.
Two deputies were quarantined after handling the letter, which was not opened.
Officials performed tests on the envelope but found nothing suspicious.


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It appears the Conservatives have decided to make playing the Hitler card a talking point.
On Friday, Foreign Affairs Minister John Baird became the second prominent Tory to reference the Nazi leader during debate with the NDP on Canada's withdrawal from Afghanistan. On Thursday, Prime Minister Stephen Harper first made the argument that the NDP, which didn't exist at the time, failed to support the fight against Hitler.
The prime minister's fuzzy history sparked a Twitter firestorm which culminated in the trending hashtag #HarperHistory, with users joking about other historical events the NDP could be blamed for (See the best tweets in the slideshow below).
Asked by NDP MP Christine Moore about whether the U.S. has asked Canada to extend our involvement in Afghanistan past 2014, Baird responded, "The NDP don't support sending troop abroad for anything, Mr. Speaker. Let's look at the former leader of the NDP CCF when he said the following, 'I would ask whether we are to risk the lives of our Canadian sons to prevent the actions of Hitler?' So you know who said that Mr. Speaker? The former leader of the NDP CCF, J.S. Woodsworth."
Baird was immediately met with jeers similar to those Harper received on Thursday after making the same argument.
Baird wasn't the only MP to bring up Hitler on Friday. NDP MP Dan Harris read #HarperHistory tweets aloud in the House and Tory backbencher Scott Armstrong echoed Harper and Baird's CCF/NDP talking point.
The NDP was created in 1961 when the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and Canadian Labour Congress (CLC) merged. The CCF's leader in the late 1930s and early 1940s, J.S. Woodworth, was an uncompromising pacifist who opposed Canada's involvement in the war. However, after Woodworth's death in 1942, the CCF's new leader, M.J. Coldwell, altered the party's position to support the war effort. The Canadian Labour Congress did not yet exist during the conflict.
So why are the Tories hammering home the Hitler argument and risking more public ridicule? On Friday night's "The National," CBC political reporter Kady O'Malley speculated that the Tories are using the Hitler argument as a "diversionary tactic."
With Minister Bev Oda's taste for expensive hotels making national headlines, Auditor General Michael Ferguson continuing to question the government's handling of the F-35 purchase and polls showing Stephen Harper's approval numbers tanking, perhaps it's not surprising that the Tories may be looking to create a diversion.
Whether that strategy backfires will depend not only on how Canadians feel about the appropriateness of invoking Hitler, but also about whether there is a role for Canada in Afghanistan post-2014.


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In 2011, the Lebanese government made financial contributions of 1.47 trillion Lebanese liras (LL) ($1 billion) to ministries, public institutions, national councils and funds. These allocations are the single most important source of funding for NGOs, regional projects, clubs, festivals and other entities that serve as a front for political activity.
Recently, the Audit Bureau completed its audit of the contributions paid in 2011. The sheer size of the amounts involved reveals a lot. Of the LL1.47 trillion spent, LL506.7 billion went to national councils, funds and a number of public institutions, while the rest was earmarked for projects or activities funded by the ministries.
Of the state funds that have been given money by the government, the High Relief Committee (HRC) had the lion's share, receiving LL12.5 billion, compared to LL500 million that went to the Council of the South. Similarly, the Ministry of Social Affairs was awarded a major part of the contributions, receiving LL68 billion.
The Ministry of Tourism came second, disbursing LL3.5 billion of the contributions it received in 2011, followed by the Ministry of Youth and Sports, which spent LL1.9 billion, and the Ministry of Culture, which spent up to LL1.4 billion.
These payouts raise many questions about whether some ministries serve any real purpose other than channeling political moneyConcerning joint projects, the Lebanese government contributed LL8.7 billion to the United Nations Development Project (UNDP) alone.
A legal expert Al-Akhbar spoke to said that the contributions in question represent only a fraction of the total amount of money that the ministries are given, and which they subsequently use to finance various activities that ultimately benefit the cronies of certain politicians and groups.
These payouts also raise many questions about whether some ministries serve any real purpose other than channeling political money, and whether it would be better instead to replace them with smaller departments that can perform the same functions at a lower cost to the taxpayer.
In addition, there are hundreds of other contributions that are not covered by the Bureau's audits, and which pass without its oversight since they are under LL15 million. These only require the signatures of the relevant minister and the finance minister to be approved.
Spending by the social affairs ministry was disproportionate in the extreme, while the youth and sports ministry paid out relatively smaller amounts to a large number of people and entities. The same applies to the tourism ministry and the culture ministry, whose handouts seem to go all the way to Paris.
Beginning with the PM's office, the contributions the latter made to councils and funds in 2011 stood at LL507 billion. A fraction of this amount goes towards paying salaries and wages and the public services carried out by some funds.
The fact that the PM's office granted the National Commission for Women LL226 million and LL12 billion to the HRC perhaps was done out of consideration for the upcoming elections. Indeed, the HRC invests money granted to the Lebanese state in treasury bonds and projects, in violation of the law that established this body.
Things are even clearer at the social affairs ministry, which, in addition to the public works ministry, is handled by a minister from MP Walid Jumblatt's parliamentary alliance. The public works ministry is working day and night to complete politically-motivated road repairs in the Chouf district [Jumblatt's stronghold], and other regions where different political allies are active.
A large segment of these organizations and activities are led or managed indirectly by spouses and relatives of political leadersThe social affairs ministry seems to be funding so-called development projects, yet no one knows the nature of these projects or under which plan or framework they are being undertaken. Projects worth a total of LL440 million were thus approved for villages in Aley, Hasbaya, the Chouf, Rashaya al-Wadi and Kfertay. Amchit also received LL50 million, while Bebnine in the Akkar province received LL100 million.
The rest of the LL68.3 billion distributed by the Ministry of Social Affairs went for provisions for NGOs, social welfare and joint contracts, though a large segment of these organizations and activities are led or managed indirectly by spouses and relatives of political leaders, as well as their associates.
Things are only superficially different at the Ministry of Youth and Sports. Out of 38 contributions, with a tally of LL1.9 billion, only three went to cover salaries and wages, and subscriptions to Olympic associations. The rest was distributed among federations, clubs and associations.
In addition to clubs from South Lebanon, Batroun, Jbeil and Tripoli also received generous shares. Clubs that received the ministry's cash included the Tibnin Sports Club, the Amchit Sports Club, the Amel Youth Association in Mseileh, and the Youth Club in Jbeil.
The Ministry of Tourism had its own exploits too, in this regard. Many contributions are usually funneled through this department to the festival-organizing committees, which are openly run by the associates of a few politicians.
In 2011, the tourism ministry paid out allocations of LL3.57 billion, broken down as follows: LL 747 million to the Sour Festival Committee; LL950 to the Beiteddine Festival Committee; and LL600 million to the Jbeil Festival Committee. Money also went to a number of associations in Zgharta, Tripoli and Batroun, as well as associations such as the Society for the Protection of Environmental Sites and the Friends of the City association, to name but a few.
The Ministry of Culture also engaged in similar politically-motivated spending, awarding LL600 million to the committee for Reading and Cultural Activity Centers (CLAC), LL90 million to the Lebanese House in Paris, and LL585 million to the National Committee. The International Centre for Human Sciences in Jbeil also received LL200 million from the ministry.
Meanwhile, LL1.261 billion of the Ministry of Education's money went to nine joint projects with a number of Lebanese charities and the tourism ministry.
Contributions such as these may not be paid out unless they have been properly allocated in the government budget.The education ministry also made contributions worth LL162 million to seven schools, including Armenian schools and others in South Lebanon, and paid LL12.6 billion to public school funds and LL29.86 million to free schools.
Many contributions of this kind can be classed as being politically or electorally motivated.
Not all of this spending can be said to be illegal. Yet according to former finance minister Elias Saba, contributions such as these may not be paid out unless they have been properly allocated in the government budget.
Saba says, "Contributions must be based on budget allocations before being disbursed, that is to say, they need approval and legislation by parliament. The fact that this did not happen in the past years raises many questions about the legality of the spending."
The former minister added, "Since 2005, the constitution, the law, and all norms and financial rules have each been disregarded."
Via SyndiGate.info
© Al-Akhbar. All rights reserved


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Kalevala Jewelry webshop delivers worldwide.
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The shipping fees are as follows:
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Please note that if the products are delivered to a destination outside the EU, the user is responsible for any customs fees, import duties or other comparable costs that may arise.
Registered Kalevala Jewelry webshop regular customers enjoy free shipping inside Finland.
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Did you find the answer from this page? If not, please contact us at [email protected] or call +358 (0) 207 611 230. Kalevala Jewelry webshop customer service helps with all the questions regarding the orders and the webshop products. Our opening times are from 10 am to 4 pm on business days (Helsinki timezone GMT+2).


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Dan Deacon | 16/07/12
As beautiful as the pure notes of its titular bird, and also as totally badass (thrushes eat snails by picking them up and smashing them against rocks!), "True Thrush" is the second track to be made available from Dan Deacon's forthcoming album America. It's an indisputably anthemic, upbeat summer jam and is the album's real, honest-to-god single. 21st Century hit music. Both album and single will be out on the 27th of August. Listen to it now!
While "Lots" is a good introduction to the album's aesthetic territory, "True Thrush" is Deacon outdoing himself to craft truly transcendent pop. This is the song we've been waiting for him to make. PRE-ORDER AMERICA NOW.
Dan Deacon will be coming to the UK and Europe in September:
- 19 September - Prague, CZ - Meet Factory
- 20 September - Berlin, DE - Festsall Kreuzberg
- 21 September - Hamburg, DE - Reepers
- 22 September - Eindehoven, NL - Area 51
- 23 September - Amsterdam, NL - Bitterzoet
- 24 September - Brussels, BE - Botanique
- 25 September - Paris, FR - Le Trebando
- 26 September - London, UK - Scala
- 28 September - Manchester, UK - Islington Mill
- 29 September - Brighton, UK - The Haunt


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Thousands of entries and signatures line more than 50 notebooks at the USO of North Carolina in Jacksonville, but one message left Director Deb Fisher in tears and pressed to help.
Thousands of entries and signatures line more than 50 notebooks at the USO of North Carolina in Jacksonville, but one message left Director Deb Fisher in tears and pressed to help.
�I was here during the hurricane last September and being that I�m from Ohio, I decided to read the Ohio book,� Fisher said. �I came across one post that really disturbed me and upset me because it was written by a Marine from my hometown who I had gotten to know as he volunteered with us while he was dealing with his PTSD.�
The books, which have been a tradition at Jacksonville�s USO since it opened in 1942, are archived at the University of North Carolina Wilmington. Once a new book is filled at the Jacksonville office, it is sent there to be stored with the rest. With many years spent periodically perusing the books, Fisher said she had never seen anything like this before and reading his words on the page nearly brought her to her knees, she said.
The entry, dated Aug 8, 2011, read: �I�ve lived. I�ve died. I�ve took lives and saved lives. I am lost.�
As soon as she read the passage, she knew she had to do something. When she called the Marine, she gave him an ultimatum. Either he requested help on his own, or she would do whatever it took to get him help, according to Fisher.
�I gave him 24 hours to make that call to get help,� Fisher said as tears filled her eyes. �When I talked to him the next day, he said he was being sent to inpatient treatment in Georgia. And then I didn�t hear from him for a while. When he came back to Jacksonville, after 53 days, he was doing a lot better which made me extremely happy and relieved.�
The books, Fisher said, are the predecessor to Facebook, providing status updates on troops during their service. The posts are snapshots of a troop�s intimate thoughts and feeling.
But the books are not used as often now as they once were, she said.
During Thanksgiving and Christmas, the pages do begin to fill up as the center serves holiday meals to troops, veterans and their families, according to Fisher.
�God puts us in places and we have no idea why,� Fisher said. �I don�t know why I stayed at the USO that night. I would have been safer in my brick home than in a building on the water. I was meant to help him and I�d do anything to give him a hug right now.�
Fisher isn�t the only person at the USO who recognizes the books� importance, however.
For Marisa Freeder of Jacksonville, the books validate her work with USO of North Carolina, she said.
�Having been to the University of North Carolina at Wilmington to see the archives, it just took my breath away,� Freeder said.
The decades-old service books transport readers to the past, she said.
The entries, she said, also help veterans track their fellow service members and allow them to leave a personal mark on the USO itself.
�People used to wait in line to sign the books and sometimes they still do,� Freeder said. �Seeing how much we meant and still mean to the troops shows me that we have a bigger effect than we may think.
Contact Daily News Military Reporter Thomas Brennan at 910-219-8453 or email@example.com. Follow him on Twitter @ thomasjbrennan.


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Reserva Ecológica Mache-Chindul
At the western edge of the Bilsa reserve, 700 square kilometres of coastal tropical wet forest are protected as the Reserva Ecológica Mache-Chindul. It's characterized by extraordinary biodiversity and an unusually high level of endemism – more than ten percent of all its species are thought to be unique, though research is still in its early stages. Covering the northern half of the Mache-Chindul coastal mountains, which reach 800m in altitude, this remote area is one of the least-visited places in the country and has been inhabited for centuries by only a few small groups of Chachi and Afro-Ecuadorian peoples, who were largely overlooked until a road was built between Santo Domingo and Quinindé in 1948. Colonists have since slowly been encroaching, chopping down trees and selling Chachi lands illegally to lumber companies – hence the creation of this reserve in 1996.
With no tourist infrastructure inside the reserve, the easiest access is through the Reserva Biológica Bilsa, whose forests blend into those of Mache-Chindul. All other access points are quite remote and involve making long hikes, hauling food and camping gear, and hiring a guide or possibly even a mule ($10–15 per day, $20 for both). You can do so at the village of Boca de Tazones, 15km south of Atacames, the communities southeast of El Salto, 15km east of Muisne and 23km south of Tonchigüe, and San José de Chamanga, halfway between Muisne and Pedernales.
The northern lowlands
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Dorothy E. Smith Award Statement
For over 25 years, sociologist Dorothy E. Smith has been producing compelling works that simultaneously challenge and deepen our understanding of sociological truths and sociological practice. As few before her, Dorothy Smith engages us in a debate with ourselves over the ideas to which we are most devoted: the relationship of the researcher to the researched; the nature of text and language as social form; the role of historical and political context in fundamentally linking individual agency and social structure and the power of staring from margin rather then center. Smith's writings on the "institutional ethnography," the argument for a focus on the everyday, concrete social relations that constitute lived experience, and the conceptual nature of power have directed sociology and shaped scholarship across the discipline.
At once fully original yet deeply resonant with sociology's foundations, Dorothy Smith's work is perhaps best known in its earlier forms: her challenge to sociology's exclusion of women, and the nature of such exclusionary practices. As the first sociologist to theorize the epistemological implications of that exclusion, Smith's critique simultaneously revealed the discipline's social organization of knowledge and the erasure of its own subjects. Dorothy Smith located an epistemological site and rationale for the study of women, and gave an emergent feminist sociology a theoretical foundation for its inquiry into women's lives.
In one of three important collections of essays, The Everyday World as Problematic: A Feminist Sociology (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1987), she writes of the "line of fault"—the gulf—the rupture between experience and the social forms of its expression. In that collection she poses a new agenda for sociology and for herself: to map and articulate how concrete experiences are connected to and shaped by larger, extra- local ideologies and ruling practices.
From that challenging and intellectually provocative place, Smith's work extended to an exploration of a sociology of knowledge that revealed what she calls the "conceptual practices of power" that form the basis of society's relations of ruling, and the grist for sociology's knowledge of the social world. Significant essays on these topics are collected in her second volume, The Conceptual Practices of Power: A Feminist Sociology of Knowledge (Northeastern University Press, 1990).
Just as Marx once invited us to press past the "No Admittance" warning on capital's locked gate, so too did Dorothy Smith invite us to go beyond critique in her third volume of essays, Texts, Facts, and Femininity (Routledge, 1990). There, she defends the existence of complicated relational forms within discourse, and the knowledge—and knowable—subject as more than text.
We value and honor scholars among us who offer new empirical angles on the social world, who give us another way of theorizing, who provide a lasting shift of a vision, and who generously share that vision with their students. But we save our highest award for those who do that in a sustained, original way. In so doing, they extend our own sociological reach, and bequeath us the possibility of new worlds of social inquire. Over the years, Dorothy Smith's scholarship has given us just such gifts, and is thus deserving of the recognition represented by this award for a Career of Distinguished Scholarship.
Sarah Fenstermaker, Chair, Career of Distinguished Scholarship Award Selection Committe


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A Professor named Dr. Michael Eric Dyson has created a class called the:
"Sociology of Hip Hop: Urban Theodicy of Jay-Z" @ Georgetown University, a Jesuit college. The class has received criticism.
A sociology class coming to understand consumerism, social inequality, mysogyny, and a perspective in seeing America through the eyes of Jay-Z, a boy from the hood turned pimp to successful businessman.
Seeing creativity and art as a critical thinker. And viewing Hip Hop as art and culture.
http://www.killerhiphop.com/jay-z-lyric ... ty-course/
I love it! I would definitely take this course!


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This chapter provides an introduction to non-global zone configuration.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
After you have learned about zone configuration, go to Chapter 18, Planning and Configuring Non-Global Zones (Tasks) to configure non-global zones for installation on your system.
For information about lx branded zone configuration, see Chapter 32, Planning the lx Branded Zone Configuration (Overview) and Chapter 33, Configuring the lx Branded Zone (Tasks).
Solaris 10 6/06: Support for the ZFS file system, including the ability to add a dataset resource in a native non-global zone, has been added. See Resource Type Properties for more information.
Solaris 10 11/06: Support for configurable privileges has been added. See Solaris 10 11/06 and Later: Configurable Privileges.
Solaris 10 8/07: Support for the following features has been added to the zonecfg command:
Better integration of resource management features and zones. The zonecfg command can now be used to configure temporary pools, memory limits, the default scheduling class for the zone, and resource control aliases. You no longer have to perform any manual steps to set up resource management. New resource controls were added:
Ability to use the zonecfg command in the global zone.
Ability to specify an IP type for a zone. The two IP types available for non-global zones are shared-IP and exclusive-IP.
Ability to use DTrace in a zone by adding required privileges through the limitpriv property.
Ability to use boot arguments in a zone through the bootargs property.
Solaris 10 10/08: The defrouter property has been added to the net resource in the zonecfg utility for shared-IP non-global zones. You can set the default router for the network interface through this property.
For a complete listing of new Solaris 10 features and a description of Solaris releases, see Oracle Solaris 10 9/10 What's New.
A zone that includes resource management features is called a container. Resources that can be controlled in a container include the following:
Resource pools or assigned CPUs, which are used for partitioning machine resources.
Resource controls, which provide a mechanism for the constraint of system resources.
Scheduling class, which enables you to control the allocation of available CPU resources among zones through relative shares. You can express the importance of the workloads in a given zone through the number of shares of CPU resources that you assign to that zone.
Before you can install a non-global zone and use it on your system, the zone must be configured.
The zonecfg command is used to create the configuration and to determine whether the specified resources and properties are valid on a hypothetical system. The check performed by zonecfg for a given configuration verifies the following:
Ensures that a zone path is specified
Ensures that all of the required properties for each resource are specified
For more information about the zonecfg command, see the zonecfg(1M) man page.
This section covers the required and optional zone components that can be configured. Additional information is provided in Zone Configuration Data.
You must choose a name and a path for your zone.
The autoboot property setting determines whether the zone is automatically booted when the global zone is booted. The zones service, svc:/system/zones:default must also be enabled.
If you have configured resource pools on your system as described in Chapter 13, Creating and Administering Resource Pools (Tasks), you can use the pool property to associate the zone with one of the resource pools when you configure the zone.
Starting with the Solaris 10 8/07 release, if you do not have resource pools configured, you can still specify that a subset of the system's processors be dedicated to a non-global zone while it is running by using the dedicated-cpu resource. The system will dynamically create a temporary pool for use while the zone is running. With specification through zonecfg, pool settings propagate during migrations.
A zone configuration using a persistent pool set through the pool property is incompatible with a temporary pool configured through the dedicated-cpu resource. You can set only one of these two properties.
The dedicated-cpu resource specifies that a subset of the system's processors should be dedicated to a non-global zone while it is running. When the zone boots, the system will dynamically create a temporary pool for use while the zone is running.
With specification in zonecfg, pool settings propagate during migrations.
The dedicated-cpu resource sets limits for ncpus, and optionally, importance.
Specify the number of CPUs or specify a range, such as 2–4 CPUs. If you specify a range because you want dynamic resource pool behavior, also do the following:
Set the importance property.
Enable the poold service. For instructions, see Solaris 10 11/06 and Later: How to Enable the Dynamic Resource Pools Service Using svcadm.
If you are using a CPU range to achieve dynamic behavior, also set the importance property, The importance property, which is optional, defines the relative importance of the pool. This property is only needed when you specify a range for ncpus and are using dynamic resource pools managed by poold. If poold is not running, then importance is ignored. If poold is running and importance is not set, importance defaults to 1. For more information, see pool.importance Property Constraint.
The capped-cpu resource and the dedicated-cpu resource are incompatible. The cpu-shares rctl and the dedicated-cpu resource are incompatible.
The capped-cpu resource provides an absolute fine-grained limit on the amount of CPU resources that can be consumed by a project or a zone. When used in conjunction with processor sets, CPU caps limit CPU usage within a set. The capped-cpu resource has a single ncpus property that is a positive decimal with two digits to the right of the decimal. This property corresponds to units of CPUs. The resource does not accept a range. The resource does accept a decimal number. When specifying ncpus, a value of 1 means 100 percent of a CPU. A value of 1.25 means 125 percent, because 100 percent corresponds to one full CPU on the system.
The capped-cpu resource and the dedicated-cpu resource are incompatible.
You can use the fair share scheduler (FSS) to control the allocation of available CPU resources among zones, based on the importance of the workloads in the zone. This workload importance is expressed by the number of shares of CPU resources that you assign to each zone. Even if you are not using FSS to manage CPU resource allocation between zones, you can set the zone's scheduling-class to use FSS so that you can set shares on projects within the zone.
When you explicitly set the cpu-shares property, the fair share scheduler (FSS) will be used as the scheduling class for that zone. However, the preferred way to use FSS in this case is to set FSS to be the system default scheduling class with the dispadmin command. That way, all zones will benefit from getting a fair share of the system CPU resources. If cpu-shares is not set for a zone, the zone will use the system default scheduling class. The following actions set the scheduling class for a zone:
In the Solaris 10 8/07 release, you can use the scheduling-class property in zonecfg to set the scheduling class for the zone.
You can set the scheduling class for a zone through the resource pools facility. If the zone is associated with a pool that has its pool.scheduler property set to a valid scheduling class, then processes running in the zone run in that scheduling class by default. See Introduction to Resource Pools and How to Associate a Pool With a Scheduling Class.
If the cpu-shares rctl is set and FSS has not been set as the scheduling class for the zone through another action, zoneadmd sets the scheduling class to FSS when the zone boots.
If the scheduling class is not set through any other action, the zone inherits the system default scheduling class.
Note that you can use the priocntl described in the priocntl(1) man page to move running processes into a different scheduling class without changing the default scheduling class and rebooting.
The capped-memory resource sets limits for physical, swap, and locked memory. Each limit is optional, but at least one must be set.
Determine values for this resource if you plan to cap memory for the zone by using rcapd from the global zone. The physical property of the capped-memory resource is used by rcapd as the max-rss value for the zone.
The swap property of the capped-memory resource is the preferred way to set the zone.max-swap resource control.
The locked property of the capped-memory resource is the preferred way to set the zone.max-locked-memory resource control.
Applications generally do not lock significant amounts of memory, but you might decide to set locked memory if the zone's applications are known to lock memory. If zone trust is a concern, you can also consider setting the locked memory cap to 10 percent of the system's physical memory, or 10 percent of the zone's physical memory cap.
For more information, see Chapter 10, Physical Memory Control Using the Resource Capping Daemon (Overview), Chapter 11, Administering the Resource Capping Daemon (Tasks), and How to Configure the Zone. To temporarily set a resource cap for a zone, see How to Specify a Temporary Resource Cap for a Zone.
Zone network interfaces configured by the zonecfg command to provide network connectivity will automatically be set up and placed in the zone when it is booted.
The Internet Protocol (IP) layer accepts and delivers packets for the network. This layer includes IP routing, the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), IP security architecture (IPsec), and IP Filter.
There are two IP types available for non-global zones, shared-IP and exclusive-IP. The shared-IP zone shares a network interface and the exclusive-IP zone must have a dedicated network interface.
For information about IP features in each type, see Networking in Shared-IP Non-Global Zones and Solaris 10 8/07: Networking in Exclusive-IP Non-Global Zones.
The shared-IP zone is the default type. The zone must have one or more dedicated IP addresses. A shared-IP zone shares the IP layer configuration and state with the global zone. The zone should use the shared-IP instance if both of the following are true:
The zone is to be connected to the same data-link, that is, be on the same IP subnet or subnets as the global zone.
You do not want the other capabilities that the exclusive-IP zone provides.
Shared-IP zones are assigned one or more IP addresses using the zonecfg command. The data-link names must also be configured in the global zone.
These addresses are associated with logical network interfaces. The ifconfig command can be used from the global zone to add or remove logical interfaces in a running zone. For more information, see Shared-IP Network Interfaces.
Full IP-level functionality is available in an exclusive-IP zone.
An exclusive-IP zone has its own IP-related state.
This includes the ability to use the following features in an exclusive-IP zone:
IP Filter, including network address translation (NAT) functionality
ndd for setting TCP/UDP/SCTP as well as IP/ARP-level knobs
IP security (IPsec) and Internet Key Exchange (IKE), which automates the provision of authenticated keying material for IPsec security association
An exclusive-IP zone is assigned its own set of data-links using the zonecfg command. The zone is given a data-link name such as xge0, e1000g1, or bge32001, using the physical property of the net resource. The address property of the net resource is not set.
Note that the assigned data-link enables the snoop command to be used.
The dladm command can be used with the show-linkprop subcommand to show the assignment of data-links to running exclusive-IP zones. The dladm command can be used with the set-linkprop subcommand to assign additional data-links to running zones. See Solaris 10 8/07: Administering Data-Links in Exclusive-IP Non-Global Zones for usage examples.
Inside a running exclusive-IP zone, the ifconfig command can be used to configure IP, which includes the ability to add or remove logical interfaces. The IP configuration in a zone can be set up in the same way as for the global zone, by using the sysidtools described in sysidcfg(4).
The IP configuration of an exclusive-IP zone can only be viewed from the global zone by using the zlogin command. An example follows.
global# zlogin zone1 ifconfig -a
In a shared-IP zone, applications in the zone, including the superuser, cannot send packets with source IP addresses other than the ones assigned to the zone through the zonecfg utility. This type of zone does not have access to send and receive arbitrary data-link (layer 2) packets.
For an exclusive-IP zone, zonecfg instead grants the entire specified data-link to the zone. As a result, the superuser in an exclusive-IP zone can send spoofed packets on those data-links, just as can be done in the global zone.
The shared-IP zones always share the IP layer with the global zone, and the exclusive-IP zones always have their own instance of the IP layer. Both shared-IP zones and exclusive-IP zones can be used on the same machine.
Generally, the file systems mounted in a zone include the following:
The set of file systems mounted when the virtual platform is initialized
The set of file systems mounted from within the application environment itself
This can include, for example, the following file systems:
File systems specified in a zone's /etc/vfstab file
AutoFS and AutoFS-triggered mounts
Mounts explicitly performed by a zone administrator
Certain restrictions are placed on mounts performed from within the application environment. These restrictions prevent the zone administrator from denying service to the rest of the system, or otherwise negatively impacting other zones.
There are security restrictions associated with mounting certain file systems from within a zone. Other file systems exhibit special behavior when mounted in a zone. See File Systems and Non-Global Zones for more information.
The zonecfg command uses a rule-matching system to specify which devices should appear in a particular zone. Devices matching one of the rules are included in the zone's /dev file system. For more information, see How to Configure the Zone.
You can set a hostid property for the non-global zone that is different from the hostid of the global zone. This would be done in the case of a physical machine consolidated into a zone using the physical to virtual capability. Applications now inside the zone might depend on the original hostid, and it might not be possible to update the application configuration. See Resource and Property Types for more information.
The global administrator can set privileged zone-wide resource controls for a zone. Zone-wide resource controls limit the total resource usage of all process entities within a zone.
These limits are specified for both the global and non-global zones by using the zonecfg command. See How to Configure the Zone.
Starting with the Solaris 10 8/07 release, the preferred, simpler method for setting a zone-wide resource control is to use the property name instead of the rctl resource.
Solaris 10 5/08: The zone.cpu-cap resource control sets an absolute limit on the amount of CPU resources that can be consumed by a zone. A value of 100 means 100 percent of one CPU as the project.cpu-cap setting. A value of 125 is 125 percent, because 100 percent corresponds to one full CPU on the system when using CPU caps.
When setting the capped-cpu resource, you can use a decimal number for the unit. The value correlates to the zone.capped-cpu resource control, but the setting is scaled down by 100. A setting of 1 is equivalent to a setting of 100 for the resource control.
The zone.cpu-shares resource control sets a limit on the number of fair share scheduler (FSS) CPU shares for a zone. CPU shares are first allocated to the zone, and then further subdivided among projects within the zone as specified in the project.cpu-shares entries. For more information, see Using the Fair Share Scheduler on a Solaris System With Zones Installed. The global property name for this control is cpu-shares.
The zone.max-locked-memory resource control limits the amount of locked physical memory available to a zone The allocation of the locked memory resource across projects within the zone can be controlled by using the project.max-locked-memory resource control. See Table 6–1 for more information.
The zone.max-lwps resource control enhances resource isolation by preventing too many LWPs in one zone from affecting other zones. The allocation of the LWP resource across projects within the zone can be controlled by using the project.max-lwps resource control. See Table 6–1 for more information. The global property name for this control is max-lwps.
The zone.max-msg-ids, zone.max-sem-ids, zone.max-shm-ids, and zone.max-shm-memory resource controls are used to limit System V resources used by all processes within a zone. The allocation of System V resources across projects within the zone can be controlled by using the project versions of these resource controls. The global property names for these controls are max-msg-ids, max-sem-ids, max-shm-ids, and max-shm-memory.
The zone.max-swap resource control limits swap consumed by user process address space mappings and tmpfs mounts within a zone. The output of prstat -Z displays a SWAP column. The swap reported is the total swap consumed by the zone's processes and tmpfs mounts. This value assists in monitoring the swap reserved by each zone, which can be used to choose an appropriate zone.max-swap setting.Table 17–1 Zone-Wide Resource Controls
Control Name
Global Property Name
Default Unit
Value Used For
Solaris 10 5/08: Absolute limit on the amount of CPU resources for this zone.
Quantity (number of CPUs), expressed as a percentage
Note –
When setting as the capped-cpu resource, you can use a decimal number for the unit.
Number of fair share scheduler (FSS) CPU shares for this zone.
Quantity (shares)
Total amount of physical locked memory available to a zone.
If priv_proc_lock_memory is assigned to a zone, consider setting this resource control as well, to prevent that zone from locking all memory.
Size (bytes)
locked property of capped-memory.
Maximum number of LWPs simultaneously available to this zone.
Quantity (LWPs)
Maximum number of message queue IDs allowed for this zone.
Quantity (message queue IDs)
Maximum number of semaphore IDs allowed for this zone.
Quantity (semaphore IDs)
Maximum number of shared memory IDs allowed for this zone.
Quantity (shared memory IDs)
Total amount of System V shared memory allowed for this zone.
Size (bytes)
Total amount of swap that can be consumed by user process address space mappings and tmpfs mounts for this zone.
Size (bytes)
swap property of capped-memory
These limits can be specified for running processes by using the prctl command. An example is provided in How to Set FSS Shares in the Global Zone Using the prctl Command. Limits specified through the prctl command are not persistent. The limits are only in effect until the system is rebooted.
When a zone is booted, a default set of safe privileges is included in the configuration. These privileges are considered safe because they prevent a privileged process in the zone from affecting processes in other non-global zones on the system or in the global zone. You can use the zonecfg command to do the following:
Add to the default set of privileges, understanding that such changes might allow processes in one zone to affect processes in other zones by being able to control a global resource.
Remove from the default set of privileges, understanding that such changes might prevent some processes from operating correctly if they require those privileges to run.
There are a few privileges that cannot be removed from the zone's default privilege set, and there are also a few privileges that cannot be added to the set at this time.
For more information, see Privileges in a Non-Global Zone, How to Configure the Zone, and privileges(5).
You can add a comment for a zone by using the attr resource type. For more information, see How to Configure the Zone.
The zonecfg command, which is described in the zonecfg(1M) man page, is used to configure a non-global zone. In the Solaris 10 8/07 release, this command can also be used to persistently specify the resource management settings for the global zone.
The zonecfg command can be used in interactive mode, in command-line mode, or in command-file mode. The following operations can be performed using this command:
Create or delete (destroy) a zone configuration
Add resources to a particular configuration
Set properties for resources added to a configuration
Remove resources from a particular configuration
Query or verify a configuration
Commit to a configuration
Revert to a previous configuration
Rename a zone
Exit from a zonecfg session
The zonecfg prompt is of the following form:
When you are configuring a specific resource type, such as a file system, that resource type is also included in the prompt:
For more information, including procedures that show how to use the various zonecfg components described in this chapter, see Chapter 18, Planning and Configuring Non-Global Zones (Tasks).
The concept of a scope is used for the user interface. The scope can be either global or resource specific. The default scope is global.
In the global scope, the add subcommand and the select subcommand are used to select a specific resource. The scope then changes to that resource type.
For the add subcommand, the end or cancel subcommands are used to complete the resource specification.
For the select subcommand, the end or cancel subcommands are used to complete the resource modification.
The scope then reverts back to global.
Certain subcommands, such as add, remove, and set, have different semantics in each scope.
In interactive mode, the following subcommands are supported. For detailed information about semantics and options used with the subcommands, see the zonecfg(1M) man page for options. For any subcommand that could result in destructive actions or loss of work, the system requests user confirmation before proceeding. You can use the -F (force) option to bypass this confirmation.
Print general help, or display help about a given resource.
zonecfg:my-zone:inherit-pkg-dir> help
Begin configuring an in-memory configuration for the specified new zone for one of these purposes:
To apply the default settings to a new configuration. This method is the default.
With the -t template option, to create a configuration that is identical to the specified template. The zone name is changed from the template name to the new zone name.
With the -F option, to overwrite an existing configuration.
With the -b option, to create a blank configuration in which nothing is set.
Print the configuration to standard output, or to the output file specified, in a form that can be used in a command file.
In the global scope, add the specified resource type to the configuration.
In the resource scope, add a property of the given name with the given value.
See How to Configure the Zone and the zonecfg(1M) man page for more information.
Set a given property name to the given property value. Note that some properties, such as zonepath, are global, while others are resource specific. Thus, this command is applicable in both the global and resource scopes.
Applicable only in the global scope. Select the resource of the given type that matches the given property name-property value pair criteria for modification. The scope is changed to that resource type. You must specify a sufficient number of property name-value pairs for the resource to be uniquely identified.
Solaris 10 8/07: Clear the value for optional settings. Required settings cannot be cleared. However, some required settings can be changed by assigning a new value.
In the global scope, remove the specified resource type. You must specify a sufficient number of property name-value pairs for the resource type to be uniquely identified. If no property name-value pairs are specified, all instances will be removed. If more than one exists, a confirmation is required unless the -F option is used.
In the resource scope, remove the specified property name-property value from the current resource.
Applicable only in the resource scope. End the resource specification.
The zonecfg command then verifies that the current resource is fully specified.
If the resource is fully specified, it is added to the in-memory configuration and the scope will revert back to global.
If the specification is incomplete, the system displays an error message that describes what needs to be done.
Applicable only in the resource scope. End the resource specification and reset the scope to global. Any partially specified resources are not retained.
Destroy the specified configuration. Delete the configuration both from memory and from stable storage. You must use the -F (force) option with delete.
This action is instantaneous. No commit is required, and a deleted zone cannot be reverted.
Display information about the current configuration or the global resource properties zonepath, autoboot, and pool. If a resource type is specified, display information only about resources of that type. In the resource scope, this subcommand applies only to the resource being added or modified.
Verify current configuration for correctness. Ensure that all resources have all of their required properties specified.
Commit current configuration from memory to stable storage. Until the in-memory configuration is committed, changes can be removed with the revert subcommand. A configuration must be committed to be used by zoneadm. This operation is attempted automatically when you complete a zonecfg session. Because only a correct configuration can be committed, the commit operation automatically does a verify.
Revert configuration back to the last committed state.
Exit the zonecfg session. You can use the -F (force) option with exit.
A commit is automatically attempted if needed. Note that an EOF character can also be used to exit the session.
In command-file mode, input is taken from a file. The export subcommand described in zonecfg Interactive Mode is used to produce this file. The configuration can be printed to standard output, or the -f option can be used to specify an output file.
Zone configuration data consists of two kinds of entities, resources and properties. Each resource has a type, and each resource can also have a set of one or more properties. The properties have names and values. The set of properties is dependent on the resource type.
The resource and property types are described as follows:
The zone name identifies the zone to the configuration utility. The following rules apply to zone names:
Each zone must have a unique name.
A zone name is case-sensitive.
A zone name must begin with an alpha-numeric character.
The name can contain alpha-numeric characters, underbars (_), hyphens (-), and periods (.).
The name cannot be longer than 64 characters.
The name global and all names beginning with SUNW are reserved and cannot be used.
The zonepath property is the path that contains the zone root. Each zone has a root directory that resides in the global zone's file system under its zonepath. At zone installation time, the zonepath directory hierarchy will be created with the proper owner and mode.. The zonepath directory is required to be owned by root with the mode 700.
The non-global zone's root path is one level lower. The zone's root directory has the same ownership and permissions as the root directory (/) in the global zone. The zone directory must be owned by root with the mode 755. These directories are created automatically with the correct permissions, and do not need to be verified by the zone administrator. This hierarchy ensures that unprivileged users in the global zone are prevented from traversing a non-global zone's file system.
zonecfg zonepath
Root of the zone
Devices created for the zone
See Traversing File Systems for a further discussion of this issue.
See Solaris 10 6/06, Solaris 10 11/06, Solaris 10 8/07, and Solaris 10 5/08: Do Not Place the Root File System of a Non-Global Zone on ZFS for ZFS restrictions for these releases.
If this property is set to true, the zone is automatically booted when the global zone is booted. Note that if the zones service, svc:/system/zones:default is disabled, the zone will not autoboot, regardless of the setting of this property. You can enable the zones service with the svcadm command described in the svcadm(1M) man page:
global# svcadm enable zones
Solaris 10 8/07: This property is used to set a boot argument for the zone. The boot argument is applied unless overridden by the reboot, zoneadm boot, or zoneadm reboot commands. See Solaris 10 8/07: Zone Boot Arguments.
This property is used to associate the zone with a resource pool on the system. Multiple zones can share the resources of one pool. Also see Solaris 10 8/07: dedicated-cpu Resource.
Solaris 10 11/06 and Later:This property is used to specify a privilege mask other than the default. See Privileges in a Non-Global Zone.
Privileges are added by specifying the privilege name, with or without the leading priv_. Privileges are excluded by preceding the name with a dash (-) or an exclamation mark (!). The privilege values are separated by commas and placed within quotation marks (").
As described in priv_str_to_set(3C), the special privilege sets of none, all, and basic expand to their normal definitions. Because zone configuration takes place from the global zone, the special privilege set zone cannot be used. Because a common use is to alter the default privilege set by adding or removing certain privileges, the special set default maps to the default, set of privileges. When default appears at the beginning of the limitpriv property, it expands to the default set.
The following entry adds the ability to use DTrace programs that only require the dtrace_proc and dtrace_user privileges in the zone:
global# zonecfg -z userzone zonecfg:userzone> set limitpriv="default,dtrace_proc,dtrace_user"
If the zone's privilege set contains a disallowed privilege, is missing a required privilege, or includes an unknown privilege, an attempt to verify, ready, or boot the zone will fail with an error message.
Solaris 10 8/07: This property sets the scheduling class for the zone. See Scheduling Class in a Zone for additional information and tips.
Solaris 10 8/07: This property is required to be set only if the zone is an exclusive-IP zone. See Solaris 10 8/07: Exclusive-IP Non-Global Zones and How to Configure the Zone.
Solaris 10 8/07: This resource dedicates a subset of the system's processors to the zone while it is running. The dedicated-cpu resource provides limits for ncpus and, optionally, importance. For more information, see Solaris 10 8/07: dedicated-cpu Resource.
Solaris 10 5/08: This resource sets a limit on the amount of CPU resources that can be consumed by the zone while it is running. The resource provides a limit for ncpus.
Solaris 10 8/07: This resource groups the properties used when capping memory for the zone. The capped-memory resource provides limits for physical, swap, and locked memory. At least one of these properties must be specified.
Solaris 10 6/06: Adding a ZFS file system dataset resource enables the delegation of storage administration to a non-global zone. The zone administrator can create and destroy file systems within that dataset, create and destroy clones, and modify properties of the dataset. The zone administrator cannot affect datasets that have not been added to the zone or exceed any top level quotas set on the dataset assigned to the zone.
ZFS datasets can be added to a zone in the following ways.
As an lofs mounted file system, when the goal is solely to share space with the global zone
As a delegated dataset
See Chapter 10, Oracle Solaris ZFS Advanced Topics, in Oracle Solaris ZFS Administration Guide and File Systems and Non-Global Zones.
Also see Chapter 30, Troubleshooting Miscellaneous Solaris Zones Problems for information on dataset issues.
Each zone can have various file systems that are mounted when the zone transitions from the installed state to the ready state. The file system resource specifies the path to the file system mount point. For more information about the use of file systems in zones, see File Systems and Non-Global Zones.
This resource should not be configured in a whole root zone.
In a sparse root zone, the inherit-pkg-dir resource is used to represent directories that contain packaged software that a non-global zone shares with the global zone.
The contents of software packages transferred into the inherit-pkg-dir directory are inherited in read-only mode by the non-global zone. The zone's packaging database is updated to reflect the packages. These resources cannot be modified or removed after the zone has been installed using zoneadm.
Four default inherit-pkg-dir resources are included in the configuration. These directory resources indicate which directories should have their associated packages inherited from the global zone. The resources are implemented through a read-only loopback file system mount.
The network interface resource is the interface name. Each zone can have network interfaces that are be set up when the zone transitions from the installed state to the ready state.
The device resource is the device matching specifier. Each zone can have devices that should be configured when the zone transitions from the installed state to the ready state.
The rctl resource is used for zone-wide resource controls. The controls are enabled when the zone transitions from the installed state to the ready state.
A hostid that is different from the hostid of the global zone can be set.
This generic attribute can be used for user comments or by other subsystems. The name property of an attr must begin with an alpha-numeric character. The name property can contain alpha-numeric characters, hyphens (-), and periods (.) . Attribute names beginning with zone. are reserved for use by the system.
Resources also have properties to configure. The following properties are associated with the resource types shown.
ncpus, importance
Solaris 10 8/07: Specify the number of CPUs and, optionally, the relative importance of the pool. The following example specifies a CPU range for use by the zone my-zone. importance is also set.
zonecfg:my-zone> add dedicated-cpu zonecfg:my-zone:dedicated-cpu> set ncpus=1-3 zonecfg:my-zone:dedicated-cpu> set importance=2 zonecfg:my-zone:dedicated-cpu> end
Specify the number of CPUs. The following example specifies a CPU cap of 3.5 CPUs for the zone my-zone.
zonecfg:my-zone> add capped-cpu zonecfg:my-zone:capped-cpu> set ncpus=3.5 zonecfg:my-zone:capped-cpu> end
physical, swap, locked
Specify the memory limits for the zone my-zone. Each limit is optional, but at least one must be set.
zonecfg:my-zone> add capped-memory zonecfg:my-zone:capped-memory> set physical=50m zonecfg:my-zone:capped-memory> set swap=100m zonecfg:my-zone:capped-memory> set locked=30m zonecfg:my-zone:capped-memory> end
dir, special, raw, type, options
The fs resource parameters supply the values that determine how and where to mount file systems. The fs parameters are defined as follows:
Specifies the mount point for the file system
Specifies the block special device name or directory from the global zone to mount
Specifies the raw device on which to run fsck before mounting the file system
Specifies the file system type
Specifies mount options similar to those found with the mount command
The lines in the following example specify that /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s2 in the global zone is to be mounted as /mnt in a zone being configured. The raw property specifies an optional device on which the fsck command is to be run before an attempt is made to mount the file system. The file system type to use is UFS. The options nodevices and logging are added.
zonecfg:my-zone> add fs zonecfg:my-zone:fs> set dir=/mnt zonecfg:my-zone:fs> set special=/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s2 zonecfg:my-zone:fs> set raw=/dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2 zonecfg:my-zone:fs> set type=ufs zonecfg:my-zone:fs> add options [nodevices,logging] zonecfg:my-zone:fs> end
For more information, see The -o nosuid Option, Security Restrictions and File System Behavior, and the fsck(1M) and mount(1M) man pages. Also note that section 1M man pages are available for mount options that are unique to a specific file system. The names of these man pages have the form mount_filesystem.
To add a ZFS file system using the fs resource property, see Adding ZFS File Systems to a Non-Global Zone in Oracle Solaris ZFS Administration Guide.
The lines in the following example specify that the dataset sales is to be visible and mounted in the non-global zone and no longer visible in the global zone.
zonecfg:my-zone> add dataset zonecfg:my-zone> set name=tank/sales zonecfg:my-zone> end
The lines in the following example specify that /opt/sfw is to be loopback mounted from the global zone.
zonecfg:my-zone> add inherit-pkg-dir zonecfg:my-zone:inherit-pkg-dir> set dir=/opt/sfw zonecfg:my-zone:inherit-pkg-dir> end
address, physical, defrouter
For a shared-IP zone, both the IP address and the device are specified. Optionally, the default router can be set.
The defrouter property can be used to set a default route when the non-global zone is on a subnet that is not configured in the global zone.
Any zone that has the defrouter property set must be on a subnet that is not configured in the global zone.
When shared IP zones exist on different subnets, do not configure a data-link in the global zone.
For an exclusive-IP zone, only the physical interface is specified. The physical property can be a VNIC.
In the following example for a shared-IP zone, the IP address 192.168.0.1 is added to the zone. An hme0 card is used for the physical interface. To determine which physical interface to use, type ifconfig -a on your system. Each line of the output, other than loopback driver lines, begins with the name of a card installed on your system. Lines that contain LOOPBACK in the descriptions do not apply to cards.
zonecfg:my-zone> add net zonecfg:my-zone:net> set physical=hme0 zonecfg:my-zone:net> set address=192.168.0.1 zonecfg:my-zone:net> end
In the following example for an exclusive-IP zone, a bge32001 link is used for the physical interface. To determine which data-links are available, use the command dladm show-link. The data-link must be GLDv3 to be used with exclusive-IP zones, and non-GLDv3 data-links appear as type: legacy in the dladm show-link output. Note that ip-type=exclusive must also be specified.
zonecfg:my-zone> set ip-type=exclusive zonecfg:my-zone> add net zonecfg:my-zone:net> set physical=bge32001 zonecfg:my-zone:net> end
In the following example, a /dev/pts device is included in a zone.
zonecfg:my-zone> add device zonecfg:my-zone:device> set match=/dev/pts* zonecfg:my-zone:device> end
name, value
Solaris 10 8/07: New resource controls for this release are zone.max-locked-memory, zone.max-msg-ids, zone.max-sem-ids, zone.max-shm-ids, zone.max-shm-memory, and zone.max-swap.
The following zone-wide resource controls are available:
zone.cpu-shares (preferred: cpu-shares)
zone.max-lwps (preferred: max-lwps)
zone.max-msg-ids (preferred: max-msg-ids)
zone.max-sem-ids (preferred: max-sem-ids)
zone.max-shm-ids (preferred: max-shm-ids)
zone.max-shm-memory (preferred: max-shm-memory)
Note that the preferred, simpler method for setting a zone-wide resource control is to use the property name instead of the rctl resource, as shown in How to Configure the Zone. If zone-wide resource control entries in a zone are configured using add rctl, the format is different than resource control entries in the project database. In a zone configuration, the rctl resource type consists of three name/value pairs. The names are priv, limit, and action. Each of the names takes a simple value.
zonecfg:my-zone> add rctl zonecfg:my-zone:rctl> set name=zone.cpu-shares zonecfg:my-zone:rctl> add value (priv=privileged,limit=10,action=none)zonecfg:my-zone:rctl> end
zonecfg:my-zone> add rctl zonecfg:my-zone:rctl> set name=zone.max-lwps zonecfg:my-zone:rctl> add value (priv=privileged,limit=100,action=deny) zonecfg:my-zone:rctl> end
For general information about resource controls and attributes, see Chapter 6, Resource Controls (Overview) and Resource Controls Used in Non-Global Zones.
name, type, value
In the following example, a comment about a zone is added.
zonecfg:my-zone> add attr zonecfg:my-zone:attr> set name=comment zonecfg:my-zone:attr> set type=string zonecfg:my-zone:attr> set value="Production zone" zonecfg:my-zone:attr> end
You can use the export subcommand to print a zone configuration to standard output. The configuration is saved in a form that can be used in a command file.
The Tecla command-line editing library is included for use with the zonecfg command. The library provides a mechanism for command-line history and editing support.
The Tecla command-line editing library is documented in the following man pages:


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It's a long way from the Dutch countryside to the bustling streets of São Paulo. But for Silvia, bold moves and big changes are part of a life-changing journey that continues to take her career in exciting new directions.
Silvia, a BCG partner and managing director, has four words of advice for women who are on the fence about pursuing a career in consulting: Give it a try.
Silvia had her own doubts when a friend suggested she attend a BCG recruiting event while they were studying at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. "I had an idea of who consultants were, and I wasn't really sure I'd fit in," she says. "But when I met several BCG partners and consultants, I was surprised by the diversity of their interests and backgrounds. That's when I started to think seriously about a career in consulting."
Accepting her own challenge to "give it a try," Silvia joined BCG's Amsterdam office in 2004 after earning her master's degree in system engineering and policy analysis. Within a decade, Silvia advanced from associate to consultant—and then to project leader and finally principal at the firm. In January 2015, Silvia was elected partner, and she moved to Brazil with her husband and two sons to BCG's fast-growing São Paulo office.
Silvia describes working at BCG as "a continuous evolution"—a constant learning process of developing new skills that expand one's comfort zone, but always with a safety net of support from colleagues. "Working at BCG has helped me evolve not only as a professional but also as a person. My confidence and competence have grown hand in hand, helping me to achieve more in less time than I ever thought I could."
"To truly live, you need to live without limits. A career at BCG can take you virtually anywhere you want to go."
As the leader of our Women@BCG initiative in South America, Silvia is working to instill that same confidence in women from all backgrounds to stand up, stand out, and create an exciting career path of their own. "When I needed it, there were always people standing up for me and caring for me. It makes me feel good to provide that same support to help other women at BCG learn, grow, and thrive."
Like most new associates, Silvia began her career at BCG working for a variety of clients and industries. This foundation gave her a broad perspective on different career opportunities at the firm. Within a year or two of joining, she worked on her first assignment in consumer goods, which she discovered was her true passion. Today, she is one of the leaders of BCG's Consumer practice in Brazil, and she focuses on innovation and transformation in grocery retail.
"I grew up in a family that believed that fresh food from the fields is good for you and that waste—of any kind—is something to be avoided," Silvia explains. "Today, consumers are increasingly adopting the same attitude toward healthy eating, and it's a real challenge for grocery stores to change cultures and business models to operate profitably and meet the needs of these consumers. When you consult in retail, you can see the tangible results right before your eyes in the store, which is why I think I enjoy my work so much."
"BCG is the kind of place where women and men of diverse talents can thrive and create their own path to success—if they only give it a try."
Among her career-shaping experiences at BCG are the nine months Silvia worked at a Swiss-based client as part of BCG's Secondment program, which allows select employees to work at a client or social impact partner for up to one year. The time at the consumer goods manufacturer taught her many lessons, Silvia says, including helping her better understand client challenges and decision-making processes, as well as the importance of aligning a company's people and resources to maximize the results of any initiative.
Today, Silvia is applying her decade of experience in Europe to new challenges in Brazil, including helping consumer brands and retailers respond to growing e-commerce demands, as well as developing strategies for efficiently capturing new market opportunities as consumers move from Brazil's large coastal regions to smaller interior cities. That's meant immersing herself in Brazilian consumer trends and culture, including how to read and speak Portuguese.
"There's always something new to learn; something new to challenge yourself with," she explains. "BCG is the kind of place where women and men of diverse talents can thrive and create their own path to success—if they only give it a try."


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Grand Opening Celebration of THE RITZ-CARLTON RESIDENCES, Lake TahoeFebruary 19th, 2013
Perfect for printing with no watermark up to 8x12. If you need something larger, we can usually do a custom print.
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P3910. Standing from left to right: KBBQ disc jockey Hugh Jarrett, musicians Ray Price and Tex Williams, and tailor Nudie Cohn. The four are backstage at the KBBQ First Anniversary Show. Southern Folklife Collection Radio and Television Files (30015).
Country legend, Ray Price died this week at his home in Texas at the age of 87. The "Ray Price Shuffle," a 4/4 beat developed by the Cherokee Cowboy himself remains a staple of the honky tonk sound. Combined with his velvet voice and countrypolitan ballads, Price changed the sound of Nashville. We picked out a few items from the Southern Folklife Collection to share in remembrance of Price and his lasting legacy. The photo above, P3910 from the Southern Folklife Collection Radio and Television Files (30015) features Price along with one of his great friends, fashion designer Nudie Cohn. Price could often be found on stage wearing one of Cohn's "Nudie Suits." Price's visual style remained impeccable throughout his career, but it was always his voice that separated him from the rest of the crooners. Listen to his great rendition of the Harlan Howard tune, "Heartache by the Numbers" from call no. 45-1472. 45_1472_Heartache_by_the_numbers_Ray_Price_SFC
Another classic from Price's massive catalog is his hit, "Take Me As I Am (or let me go). This Don Law produced single has the full "Nashville Sound," a full orchestra and choral arrangement to back Price's powerful voice and make the syrupy lyrics wonderfully bittersweet. We found a unique promotional flier for the song in the Southern Folklife Collection Artist Name Files (30005), NF1596. These items are but a blip in Price's 65 year career. We'd love to show you more but you'll have to make a visit to Wilson Library. For now, let's sit back and enjoy one more song.45_1858_Take_me_as_I_am_Ray_Price_SFC


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Music Review: Kismat Konnection
I had a very good feeling about Kismat Konnection when I first heard of it, especially since it's based in Toronto, Canada (here is a related post on Bollywood in Canada), a city I have loved since my childhood and one I would live in for a few years were the weather any better (read: not cold). Add to this one of my favorite actresses in Vidya Balan (in a new persona, one that we haven't seen for her, and one that required she take dance lessons), and this was a film I was looking forward to seeing on opening weekend. Sadly, the soundtrack does not offer much to warrant any more excitement for the film.
The album kicks off with these lyrics from the song Aai Paapi:
If you feelin me make some noise,
Ladies and gentlemen raise your voice.
It is not that I cannot appreciate banal lyrics, but Aai Paapi does not work for me at all. It is too loud and has less repeat value than I expected after having seen the trailers. The song appears in two versions and a remix.
Ba Khuda (By God) is a well written song, and is one of the two songs in the album that I like. Aatif Aslam does well at the outset, but his pronunciation of the word 'chaahte' puts Urdu to shame, which is worse given he is from Pakistan. Why he feels the need to scream while singing (especially at the beginning of each stanza), remains a mystery. Alka Yagnik is the real star of the song, the cumulative effect being tolerable.
Move Your Body by Hard Kaur is a decent dance track and belongs to the British-Asian genre. I am not a big fan of this variety of music, but the song could surely have been better and more involving. Didn't find to be tolerable in the gym even.
Roses are red, violets are blue,
I want to start my love story with you.
What? Look, I still love the song 'Roses are Red, Violets are Blue' by the Danish-Norwegian band Aqua (remember them?), but I don't see how these words add any value to Kismat Konnection.
Thankfully, the track that follows is a good one. My favorite from the album, Kahin Na Laage Mann (is this love?) is beautifully sung by Mohit Chauhan and Shreya Ghosal. The English lyrics are unnecessarily, but it would be unfair to hold this against the song, in which Mr. Chauhan does as fine a job as would be expected from K.K., who has made this genre his own.
Soniye by Sonu Nigam is a decent bhangra track which leaves much to be desired for I contend that it lacks the power and bass that a song like this deserved. The English lyrics, when done right, can work wonders. In this case, however, they add much clutter.
The rest of five tracks are remixes of the songs noted above, with the one to Ba Khuda being the only one that can genuinely hold its own as a 'remix'. The rest sound too close to the base track.
So there you have it. 11 tracks, almost 50% of them remixes, and a small number of impressive tracks. Assuming he has not plagiarized this time, Pritam seems to have borrowed from his own works in the past, giving us a soundtrack that the film will have to do exceedingly well to help its audience overlook.
Two tracks make a good soundtrack not. I am seriously contemplating not seeing Kismat Konnection in the theater for its average soundtrack will not be the easiest to sit through, even with the fabulous Vidya Balan around. Afraid the music does the inverse -- at least to me -- of what was intended. Two stars for the soundtrack, then, and that too because of the kinds of penalties referees let big stars get away with given their leverage.
Soundtrack rating: 2/5 (average -- disappointing)
Official website: http://www.kismatkonnection.tips.in/
8 comments:
- ajnabi said...
Yeah, after seeing the song promos for KK I have a feeling I'll be liking it in spite of the songs, not because of them. Unlike you, I find banal lyrics awfully difficult to appreciate, and Hinglish stuff makes me cringe in song form (although I guess it makes some sense considering it's an NRI in Canada story).
- Saturday, July 12, 2008
- theBollywoodFan said...
Hi Ajnabi: Thanks for stopping by. I'm not too fond of Hinglish lyrics, but when done right, they have proved to have worked pretty well.
Recently, the approach has worked well in music to Tashan and Johnny Gaddar. A. R. Rahman has seldom used it, but when he has, the results have been phenomenal, e.g. songs in Rang De Basanti and Jaane Tu...
There's a very new soundtrack that has struck the right balance too. Hope to discuss it soon.
Enjoy Kismat Konnection. And do share your initial thoughts.
- Saturday, July 12, 2008
Whenever I see Pritam's name as the music director, I run screaming in the opposite direction :-)
I'll probably wait for this one on DVD and then I can ff through the songs. Lord, I do love the ff button. I do wonder how Vidya will look opposite Shahid, not because she's old but b/c he looks like a twelve-year-old to me.
- Sunday, July 13, 2008
- theBollywoodFan said...
Hi Memsaab: I'm with you on Pritam. I used to like his music, but he's given us so many songs that are unoriginal, there will always be that element of suspicion with every good track he composes. Although in the case of Kismat Konnection, that ('good track') is of little concern :)
Curious to see Vidya Balan in this. I really like her playing the role of the traditional (not necessarily not empowered) woman, and this seems to be anything but, so it should be interesting.
Thanks for stopping by!
- Sunday, July 13, 2008
- Unknown said...
- Tuesday, October 28, 2008
- Unknown said...
shahid u look
great in kismat konnection
hope i"ll see u in reality
- Tuesday, October 28, 2008
- Unknown said...
would u like to meet me
in reality
- Tuesday, October 28, 2008
- theBollywoodFan said...
Hi Palak: Thank you for visiting, big Shahid Kapoor fan! Who know, maybe 'Kismat' might make a meeting possible?
- Tuesday, October 28, 2008


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|The Honorable Frank Kendall
|Under Secretary of Defense for AT&L
Welcome to the website of the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics (OUSD(AT&L)). The USD(AT&L) is the principal staff assistant and advisor to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary Defense for all matters concerning acquisition, technology, and logistics.
As legislated by Congress, the primary responsibilities of the USD(AT&L) include:
- Supervising Department of Defense acquisition;
- Establishing policies for acquisition (including procurement
of goods and services, research and development, developmental
testing, and contract administration) for all elements of the
Department of Defense;
- Establishing policies for logistics, maintenance, and sustainment
support for all elements of the Department of Defense; and
- Establishing policies of the Department of Defense for maintenance of the defense industrial base of the United States.
In addition to performing the above functions, the USD(AT&L) has oversight responsibility for: military installations and their environment; operational energy plans and programs; major weapon systems; missile defense programs; space and intelligence programs; and nuclear and chemical and biological defense programs, including Nunn-Lugar programs and the nuclear forces.
To learn more about the individual components that comprise OUSD(AT&L), please visit the AT&L Offices Page.
To read USD(AT&L) Carter's September 14, 2010 memorandum, Better Buying Power: Guidance for Obtaining Greater Efficiency and Productivity in Defense Spending, please click here.


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Indian Smile
My first trip to India last year amazed me in many ways. One pervasive impression was how so much of Indian life is lived out in the open. While I didn't experience the crowded crush of people I expected, I found that one is never far from other people. One won't find deserted streets, and many streets are the scene of people playing, sleeping, working, watching, eating. This woman was one of many I saw working, repairing a sidewalk post with this devastating smile on her face as a (her?) child watched. (1/800 sec., f/5.6, ISO 400)
4 responses to "Indian Smile"
What a great shot. Fits the Photo Friday challenge perfectly.
I love this photo! And it's a great entry for PhotoFriday this week.
Lovely picture