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Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering
On-line version ISSN 2309-8775
Print version ISSN 1021-2019
J. S. Afr. Inst. Civ. Eng. vol.50 n.1 Midrand Mar. 2008
Why stabilise? Using triaxial tests for determining pavement stiffness and shear strength parameters of mechanically modified layers
A L Parrock; J S Strydom (visitor); V J Rieger
Triaxial testing of naturally occurring, slightly silty, medium-graded, coarse sand, derived from completely weathered granite (with some gypsum), compacted to 95 % of Mod AASHTO density generated unload/reload Young's modulus E-values of about 300 MPa at a representative confining stress of 90 kPa. This is some 80 % higher than what would usually be expected for this type of G5 material.
Mohr-Coulomb shear strength parameters of c = 15,9 kPa and φ = 51,4° were obtained from the high-quality triaxial tests.
Taking into account the variability of the materials, it is suggested that these be downgraded to c = 12,7 kPa and φ = 48,8° for use as design parameters.
It is common practice to stabilise natural gravel materials to generate weakly cemented sub-base layers. However, the presence of naturally occurring gypsum within the in-situ granite generated concern as negative effects were observed on elements of past construction.
The use of cement as a stabilising agent was eliminated by generating a nearly equally strong layer by mixing the naturally occurring gravels with varying quantities of crushed stone, crusher waste and dune sand, the latter to combat a high plasticity index. The best result was obtained by using a blend of 50 % natural gravel, 30 % crusher waste and 20 % dune sand.
These blended materials, generated unload/reload Young's modulus E-values of some 560 MPa at 95 % Mod AASHTO compaction and a confining stress of 247 kPa. This E-value is very similar to what is thought would be attained for a cracked and hydrated cement-stabilised layer but without the disruptive effects of a lowered confining stress that would be the case when a stabilised layer shrunk and cracked on hydration of the cement stabilising agent.
Keywords: Triaxial testing, unload/reload Young's modulus, confining stress, shear strength, airport pavement, mechanical modification
Full text available only in PDF format.
ASTM 2003. Test method 'D 2850 - 03a Standard Test Method for Unconsolidated-Undrained Triaxial Compression Test on Cohesive Soils' as approved on 1 November 2003. [ Links ]
COLTO 1998. Standard specifications for road and bridge works for state road authorities. Committee of Land Transport Officials. [ Links ]
De Beer, M, Fisher, C and Kannemeyer, L 2004. Tyre-pavement interface contact stresses on flexible pavements - quo vadis. Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (CAPSA'04). [ Links ]
Deer, W A, Howie, R A and Zussman, J 1966. An introduction to the rock forming minerals. London: Longman. [ Links ]
Duncan, J M and Chang, C-Y 1970. Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain in soils. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, ASCE, 96(5):1629-1653. [ Links ]
Duncan, J M, Byrne, P, Wong, K S and Mabry, P 1980. Strength, stress-strain, and bulk modulus parameters for finite element analyses of stresses and movements in soil masses. Report No UCB/GT/80-01 of the Charles E Via, Jr Department of Civil Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. [ Links ]
Emery, S J 1985. Prediction of moisture content for use in pavement design. PhD thesis, University of the Witswatersrand, Johannesburg. [ Links ]
Grabe, P J and Clayton, C R I 2005. Designing railway formations for the future. Civil Engineering, 13(5):16-19. [ Links ]
Harr, M E 1987. Reliability based design in civil engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill. [ Links ]
Haupt, F J. 1980. Moisture conditions associated with pavements in Southern Africa. MSc dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. [ Links ]
Hugo, F and Engelbrecht, J C 1982. [In Afrikaans.] The evaluation of the elastic properties of ballast material under cyclic loading. The Civil Engineer in South Africa: Transactions of the South African Institution of Civil Engineers, 23(4):145-157.
Janbu, N 1963. Soil compressibility as determined by oedometer and triaxial tests. Proceedings of the European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Wiesbaden, Germany, 1:19-25. [ Links ]
Jooste, F J 2004. A re-evaluation of some aspects of the mechanistic-empirical design approach (Paper 122). Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (CAPSA'04). [ Links ]
Kondner, R L 1963. Hyperbolic stress-strain response: cohesive soils. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, ASCE, 89(1):283-310. [ Links ]
Kondner, R L and Zelasko, J S 1963a. A hyperbolic stress-strain formulation for sands. Proceedings of the 2nd Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Brazil, 1:289-324. [ Links ]
Kondner, R L and Zelasko, J S 1963b. Void ratio effects on the hyperbolic stress-strain response of sand. In Laboratory shear testing of soils. ASTM STP 361, Ottawa. [ Links ]
Kondner, R L and Horner, J M 1965. Triaxial compression of a cohesive soil with effective octahedral stress control. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2(1):40-52. [ Links ]
Lambe, T W and Whitman, R V 1969. Soil mechanics. New York: Wiley. [ Links ]
Maree, J H 1979. The results of single stage and repeated loading triaxial shear tests on a range of crushed stone materials. [ Links ] [In Afrikaans.] National Institute for Transport and Road Research, CSIR, South Africa. Technical Report RP/12/78.
Maree, J H 1982. Aspects of the design and behaviour of pavements with granular base layers. [ Links ] [In Afrikaans.] PhD thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Pretoria.
Packard, R G 1967. Computer program for airport pavement design (SR029.02P). Skokie, Ill: Portland Cement Association. [ Links ]
Parrock, A L 2007. Personal contact with Dr Herman Wolff. [ Links ]
Schneider, H R 1997. Panel discussion: Definition and determination of characteristic soil properties. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Hamburg, 6-12 September, 4:2271-2274. [ Links ]
Simpson, B 1995. Limit state design in geotechnical engineering. Proceedings of a seminar introducing Eurocode 7 to South Africa, October. [ Links ]
Simpson, B 1997. Theme lecture: Some questions about limit state design in geotechnical engineering. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Hamburg, 6-12 September, 4:2267-2270. [ Links ]
Taute, A, Verhaeghe, B M J A and Visser, A T 2001. Interim guidelines for the design of hot-mix asphalt in South Africa. Prepared as part of the Hot-Mix Asphalt Design Project, September. [ Links ]
TMH1 1979. Standard methods of testing road construction materials. Technical methods for highways. Pretoria: National Institute for Transport and Road Research, CSIR. [ Links ]
TRH 14 1985 (reprinted 1989). Guidelines for road construction materials. Published for the Department of Transport for the Committee for State Road Authorities. [ Links ]
Wolff, H 1992. The elasto-plastic behaviour of granular pavement layers in South Africa. PhD thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pretoria. [ Links ]
Wolff, H 1985. Mechanistic analysis of an existing rail track with a bound layer. [ Links ] [In Afrikaans.] MEng thesis, University of Stellenbosch.
Alan Parrock's
ARQ (Pty) Ltd
PO Box 76379
Lynnwood Ridge 0040
Jaco Strydom
Namibia Technical Services CC
PO Box 30623
Pioneers Park
Windhoek 9000, Namibia
Victor Rieger's
Windhoek Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd
PO Box 2484
Windhoek 9000, Namibia
During ALAN PARROCK's 34 years of postgraduate experience, he has specialised in the geotechnics and geostochastics of soil and rock masses with particular reference to roads/pavements. Alan was initially exposed to road materials design and construction during his tenure at the Natal Roads Department. His skills were further honed as a researcher in the materials and design branch of the National Institute of Transport and Road Research in Pretoria. He advanced his pavement/surfacing expertise under the world-renowned Professor Carl Monismith of Berkeley, during postgraduate study at Stellenbosch in the early 1980s. Since that time Alan has been involved in various road projects at the specialist level; forensic audits of distressed pavements in Botswana, principal components analysis for binders used on contracts, dynamic creep evaluations and recently, triaxial testing of pavements materials on an airport contract in Namibia.
JACO STRYDOM obtained his National Diploma in Civil Engineering in 1995. As a qualified engineering technician, Jaco has been involved in numerous civil engineering projects in South Africa, Lesotho and more recently in Namibia relating to all aspects of materials investigations, materials designs, laboratory testing and contract supervision. Jaco has extensive experience with the interpretation and application of a multitude of standard specifications relating to civil engineering materials. He has also gained extensive experience in asphalt overlays, rehabilitation of roads, bridges, retaining and drainage structures, buildings and civil structures, and geotechnical Investigations. Recently Jaco did extensive research into and also gained considerable experience concerning the evaluation of pavement materials by means of triaxial testing.
During VICTORRIEGER's nine years of postgraduate experience he has been involved in numerous road and rail construction projects. Victor joined the Transportation Department of Windhoek Consulting Engineers in July 2000. His first major exposure was the design and construction supervision of arterial and collector roads for the City of Windhoek and the design of the Northern Railway Extension Project in Namibia. Victor currently heads the Coastal Office for Windhoek Consulting Engineers and also acts as the client's site representative on the Walvis Bay Airport Project where he and his team are responsible for monitoring the construction quality.


text:
Supreme Court to Weigh Constitutionality of Voting Rights Protection
Iron-fisted enforcement of the 1965 Voting Rights Act transformed American politics, especially in the South, by making sure minorities had a clear path to the ballot box and an equal shot at public service.
Forty-eight years later, after the re-election of an African-American president, the heart of that law is on trial.
The Supreme Court will hear oral arguments Feb. 27 in a case that is sure to ignite a national debate over how far the country has progressed on racial issues and whether minority voters still need extra protection.
Shelby County, Ala., opposed by the Justice Department and civil rights groups, wants two key sections of the Voting Rights Act declared unconstitutional.
More: Supreme Court to Weigh Constitutionality of Voting Rights Protection

subset: commoncrawl


text: Nordyne replacement humidifier filters are an affordable way to help ensure your indoor environment remains comfortable throughout the seasons. Help alleviate physical discomforts, such as dry nose, throat, lips and skin, as well as reduce conditions that can aggravate allergy and asthma symptoms. Reduce physical damage to interior woodwork, paint and furniture in your home.


text:
Medical Indemnity (Enhanced UMP Indemnity) Contribution
Bill 2002
This Digest was prepared for debate. It reflects the legislation as
introduced and does not canvass subsequent amendments. This Digest
does not have any official legal status. Other sources should be
consulted to determine the subsequent official status of the
Passage History
Main Provisions
Concluding Comments
Contact Officer & Copyright Details
Indemnity Bill 2002
Indemnity (IBNR Indemnity) Contribution Bill
Indemnity (Enhanced UMP Indemnity) Contribution Bill
Indemnity (Consequential Amendments) Bill 2002
Date Introduced:
13 November 2002
House: House of Representatives
Portfolio: Health and Ageing
1 January
The purpose of
the four bills is to put into place measures to address the
problems regarding medical indemnity insurance.
Liability insurance protects the insured against
the consequences of being legally liable for injury or damage to
third parties. There are a number of types of liability insurance
including personal liability, public liability, professional
indemnity, medical indemnity and product liability.
The insurance market has recently experienced a
number of shocks including the collapse of HIH Insurance and the
terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre towers on 11 September
2002.(1) These large insurance shocks have contributed
to the problems currently being experienced in the medical
indemnity insurance market.
Medical defence organisations (MDO's), state
government funds and commercial insurers provide medical
indemnities to health professionals such as
MDO s are not-for-profit mutual organisations.
They are established for the benefit of their members rather than
for the financial benefit of shareholders. MDO s are not insurers.
They do not issue insurance contracts. They provide protection to
their members in exchange for a subscription income for membership
into the organisation.
There are seven major medical defence
organisations in Australia; United Medical Protection, Medical
Defence Association of Victoria, Medical Indemnity Protection
Society, Medical Defence Association of South Australia, Medical
Defence Association of Western Australia, Medical Protection
Society of Tasmania and Queensland Doctors Mutual
Most MDO s rely heavily on reinsurance to
protect their financial position. MDO s can raise additional
capital under their current structural arrangements by charging
increased subscriptions or making a call to members for an
additional amount of money.
Since 1999, four of the main MDO s have been
required to make a call on their members for additional funds.
The following events that relate to the medical
indemnity insurance market have occurred in recent months:
On 31 May 2002 the Government announced that it
would provide assistance to UMP/AMIL to cover payment for claims
finalised and incidents occurring between 29 April and 30 June
(subsequently extended to 31 December 2002) made under an existing
or renewed policy.
On 23 October 2002 the Prime Minister announced
that the Government would implement the following additional set of
measures to address the medical indemnity crisis;
The four bills discussed in this digest put in
place the legislative arrangements to give effect to the majority
of these measures (prudential regulation by APRA is not covered by
the current set of legislative measures).
In a recent article in Australian
Doctor(8) written by Pamela Burton Legal Counsel for the
Federal AMA, Ms Burton wrote that:
The package is a significant step forward in the
short term but its goals are very limited in relation to the
problem of escalating claims and costs .
We have major problems still with aspects of the
package. It does not achieve the long term reforms needed to put
medical indemnity on a sound footing .
The Government s choice to subsidise certain
high-risk groups within the profession does not address the
increasingly unfordable premiums of other groups.
The medical indemnity legislative package
contains four bills; Medical Indemnity Bill 2002, Medical Indemnity
(IBNR Indemnity) Contribution Bill 2002, Medical Indemnity
(Enhanced UMP Indemnity) Contribution Bill 2002 and the Medical
Indemnity (Consequential Amendments) Bill 2002.
The major amendments are contained within the
Medical Indemnity Bill 2002 (MIB).
The Medical Indemnity (IBNR Indemnity)
Contribution Bill 2002 and the Medical Indemnity (Enhanced UMP
Indemnity) Contribution Bill 2002 are both taxation bills and form
part of the cost recovery measures.
The separate taxation Bills are necessary to
satisfy the requirements of section 55 of the Constitution which
states, in part:
Laws imposing taxation shall deal only with the
imposition of taxation, and any provision therein dealing with any
other matter shall be of no effect.
The Medical Indemnity (Consequential Amendments)
Bill 2002 contains a series of consequential amendments to
legislation necessary to implement the Government s measures.
Unless specifically mentioned, all reference to
clauses in the following discussion are references to the Medical
Indemnity Bill 2002.
Proposed Part 1 of the Bill
sets out the object of the Bill and key definitions including
medical defence organisation . Included in the list of MDO s are
the seven major MDO s operating in Australia (as listed above).
Proposed Part 2 of the Bill
sets out the regime for Commonwealth indemnity arrangements.
Proposed Division 1 of Part 2
of the Bill deals with Commonwealth payments that are to be made
for unfunded IBNR s made by doctors. Essentially this division
provides that if MDO s do not have sufficient money to fund their
IBNR s, the Commonwealth will pay money to the MDO s to fund
payment of the claims.
Under proposed Division 1 all
MDO s will be participating MDO s and hence entitled to
Commonwealth payment for incurred but not report claims unless the
Minister determines that the MDO is not a participating MDO
(clause 12).
The legislation states that the Minister will
consider a number of factors before making a determination that an
MDO is non participating, but essentially, if the MDO has
sufficient funds to pay their incurred but not reported
liabilities, the Minister can make a determination that the MDO is
non participating (clause 13). The effect of this
determination will be that the MDO will not be entitled to
Under proposed Division 1
claims relating to incidents will be covered by the scheme where
the incident meets the following criteria:
Under the proposed arrangement the MDO (or
insurer) will make the payment initially and then will be
reimbursed by the Commonwealth in accordance with clause
16 or if the insurer or MDO or insurer is in external
administration under proposed clause 17.
The Commonwealth may pay all or only a
percentage of the claim. The amount of the payment made by the
Commonwealth to the MDO or insurer will be determined by
multiplying the adjusted amount (clause 21) paid
by the insurer with the unfunded IBNR factor (clauses
21-23). The unfunded IBNR factors is an amount determined
by the Minister and is calculated by considering the extent to
which the MDO had sufficient available assets to cover its IBNR
There are a number of exceptions where IBNR
payments will not be made, including where the incident or all of
the incidents to which the claims relate occurred whilst treating a
public patient in a public hospital (clause 19).
If some of the incidents related to treatment of a public patient
in a public hospital the Commonwealth will not pay for that part of
the claim which can be attributed to the public hospital services
(clause 20).
Proposed Division 2 sets out
the arrangements for the high cost claim indemnity scheme.
Essentially this Division provides that the Commonwealth will pay
for 50 per cent of the insurance payouts over $2 million by MDO or
insurers up to the limit of the insurance.
Clauses 29 and 30 provide that
the Commonwealth will make a payment to the MDO or insurer
There are a number of exceptions to the payment
being made including where the claim relates to an incident that
occurred during the course of treatment of a public patient in a
public hospital (clause 32). If part of the claim
relates to treatment of a public patient in a public hospital, the
Commonwealth will pay only in relation to that part of the claim
that arose from the private sector treatment.
Proposed Division 3 sets out
the administrative arrangements for the two schemes including
application procedures (clause 36), date for
payment of a claims (clause 37), recording keeping
by MDO s (clauses 39 and 40), information
gathering powers of the Health Insurance Commission (HIC)
(clause 38) and procedures for the recovery of
overpayments (clauses 41-42).
Proposed Division 4 sets out
the arrangements for the medical indemnity subsidy scheme. Under
this scheme, the Minister will be entitled to formulate a scheme to
make payments to medical practitioners to help them meet the cost
of purchasing medical indemnity insurance. The legislation does not
identify the practitioners that will receive the subsidy nor does
it specify the amount of the subsidy. The bill provides that these
details will be determined by the Minister (clause
43). The Prime Minister, in his announcement on 23 October
2002 stated that the premium subsidy would be provided to
obstetricians, neurosurgeons and GP-proceduralists.
The Bill sets out arrangements for the funding
of the new arrangements.
Proposed Division 6 states that
the Consolidated Revenue Fund is appropriated for the purposes of
paying the IBNR indemnities, high cost claim indemnities and
subsidies under clause 43.
Arrangements for the funding of the IBNR scheme
are contained within proposed Part 3 Division 1
and the Medical Indemnity (IBNR Indemnity) Contribution Bill 2002
The IBNR arrangements will be subsidised by
requiring that all members of MDO s to make a payment each
financial year if:
The IBNR contribution is imposed as a tax on
doctors. (clause 4 MIICB)
Under the Bill, the indemnity contribution
payable by the doctor is a percentage of the doctor's annual
subscription to the MDO (clause 54 and clause 6
In his announcement of 31 May 2002 the Prime
Minister stated that UMP members would be levied to pay for the
cost of the guarantee that was provided by the Government. UMP
members will however only be required to pay this levy if UMP goes
into liquidation and has to call against the guarantee.
Arrangements for the funding of the UMP
indemnity guarantee are contained within proposed Division
2 of Part 3 and the Medical Indemnity (Enhanced UMP
Indemnity) Contribution Bill 2002 (MIECB).
A person is required to pay an enhanced UMP
indemnity contribution if:
The amount of the UMP indemnity contribution
will be equal to the Commonwealth payments made in the previous
financial year divided by the number of members of UMP on 1 July
2002 (clause 6 MIECB).
The UMP indemnity contribution will be imposed
as a tax on the doctors (clause 4 MIECB).
Proposed Division 3 of Part 3
sets out the administrative arrangements for the collection of the
medical indemnity contributions, including deferring payment of the
indemnity contribution (clause 62), payments by
instalments (clause 63), discounts for lump sum
payments (clause 64), and late payments penalties
(clause 65).
The explanatory memorandum to the Medical
Indemnity (Consequential Amendments) Bill 2002 sets out that the
key objectives of the Bill are to:
The package of legislative reforms is designed
to ease the pressure being placed upon providers of medical
indemnity. Principally it targets incurred but not reported claims
and high cost claims with funding support being offered to medical
indemnity providers who have claims that fall within these two
categories. The package also puts in place the arrangements for the
Government to provide subsidies to certain sectors of the medical
profession seeking medical indemnity cover. Whilst the bills do
contain some mechanisms to recover the cost of the proposed
measures, some parts of the package, it would appear, will be
funded directly from Commonwealth revenue.
The legislative package does not however contain
measures to monitor the effectiveness of the Government s
assistance in reducing costs of medical indemnity, and the Bill
does not contain any prudential regulatory measures to address the
operations of medical indemnity providers.
This paper has been prepared for general distribution to
Senators and Members of the Australian Parliament. While great care
is taken to ensure that the paper is accurate and balanced, the
paper is written using information publicly available at the time
of production. The views expressed are those of the author and
should not be attributed to the Information and Research Services
(IRS). Advice on legislation or legal policy issues contained in
this paper is provided for use in parliamentary debate and for
related parliamentary purposes. This paper is not professional
legal opinion. Readers are reminded that the paper is not an
official parliamentary or Australian government document.
© Commonwealth of Australia 2002
Except to the extent of the uses permitted under the
Copyright Act 1968, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including
information storage and retrieval systems, without the prior
written consent of the Parliamentary Library, other than by Members
of the Australian Parliament in the course of their official
Published by the Department of the Parliamentary Library,
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text:
Tim Scott
Wikipedia's Tim Scott as translated by GramTrans
|La ĉi-suba teksto estas aŭtomata traduko de la artikolo Tim Scott article en la angla Vikipedio, farita per la sistemo GramTrans on 2018-01-01 06:17:01. Eventualaj ŝanĝoj en la angla originalo estos kaptitaj per regulaj retradukoj. Se vi volas enigi tiun artikolon en la originalan Esperanto-Vikipedion, vi povas uzi nian specialan redakt-interfacon. Rigardu la artikolon pri WikiTrans por trovi klarigojn pri kiel fari tion. Ankaŭ ekzistas speciala vortaro-interfaco por proponi aŭ kontroli terminojn.
|Tim Scott
| United States Senator
de suda Karolino
| Supozita oficejo
Januaron 2, 2013 [1]
Servante kun Lindsey Graham
|Antaŭite per
|Jim DeMint
|Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 1st district
|In office
January 3, 2011 - January 2, 2013
|Preceded by
|Henry Brown
|Succeeded by
|Mark Sanford
|Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives
from the 117th district
|In office
January 3, 2009 - January 3, 2011
|Preceded by
|Tom Dantzler
|Succeeded by
|Bill Crosby
|Member of the Charleston County Council
from the 3rd district
|In office
February 8, 1995 - January 3, 2009
|Preceded by
|Keith Summey
|Succeeded by
|Elliott Summey
|Personal details
|Timothy Eugene Scott
September 19, 1965
North Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.
|Political party
|Presbyterian College
Charleston Southern University (BS)
|Senate website
Timothy Eugene Scott (born September 19, 1965) is an American politician of the Republican Party serving as a U.S. Senator for South Carolina. He was appointed in 2013 by South Carolina governor Nikki Haley to replace the retiring Jim DeMint.[2] Scott then won a special election in 2014 and then election to a full term in 2016.
In November 2010, Scott was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives for South Carolina's 1st congressional district, and was in the House from 2011 to 2013. Scott, a conservative, was endorsed for the Senate by Tea Party groups.[3][4] He spent one term in the South Carolina General Assembly (2009-2011); prior to that, he had been on Charleston County's council from 1996 to 2008.[4][5]
Along with Democratic Party members Cory Booker of New Jersey and Kamala Harris of California, Scott is one of three African-Americans in the U.S. Senate. He is the first African-American senator from the state of South Carolina, the first black Republican elected to the U.S. Senate since the election of Edward Brooke in 1966, and the first elected from the southern United States since 1881, four years after the end of the Reconstruction Era.[6][7] He is the first Republican African-American U.S. Representative from South Carolina since 1897[8] and since the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Early life, education, and business career
Scott was born in North Charleston, South Carolina, a son of Frances, a nursing assistant, and Ben Scott, Sr.[9] His parents were divorced when he was 7. He grew up in working class poverty with his mother working 16-hour days to support her family, including Tim's brothers.[4] His older brother is a sergeant major in the U.S. Army.[10] Scott's younger brother is a U.S. Air Force colonel.
Scott attended Presbyterian College from 1983 to 1984, on a partial football scholarship. He graduated from Charleston Southern University in 1988 with a B.S. in Political Science.[3][11] Scott is also an alumnus of South Carolina's Palmetto Boys State program, an experience which he cites as an influential factor in his decision to enter public service.
In addition to his political career, Scott owns an insurance agency, Tim Scott Allstate,[12] and works as a financial adviser.[4]
Charleston County Council (1995-2008)
Scott ran in a February 1995 special election to the Charleston County Council at-large seat vacated by Keith Summey, who resigned his seat after being elected as Mayor of North Charleston.[13][14] Scott won the seat as a Republican, receiving nearly 80% of the vote in the white-majority district, which since the late 20th century has voted Republican.[15] He became the first black Republican elected to any office in South Carolina since the late 19th century.[5]
Scott was on the County Council for a time alongside Paul Thurmond, the son of the late Republican U.S. Senator, Strom Thurmond, who had switched in 1964 from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party.[16]
In 1996, Scott challenged Democratic State Senator Robert Ford in South Carolina's 42nd Senate district, but lost 65%-35%.[3][17]
Scott won re-election to the County Council in 2000, again winning in white-majority districts.[18] In 2004, he won re-election again with 61% of the vote, defeating Democrat Elliot Summey (son of Mayor Keith Summey).[19][20]
Scott was on the Council from 1995 until 2008, becoming Chairman in 2007.[9] In 1997, Scott supported posting the Ten Commandments outside the county council chambers, saying it would remind members of the absolute rules they should follow. The county council unanimously approved the display, and Scott nailed a King James version of the Commandments to the wall. Shortly after, the ACLU and Americans United for Separation of Church and State challenged this in a federal suit. After an initial court ruling that the display was unconstitutional, the council settled out of court to avoid accruing more legal fees.[21] Regarding the costs of the suit, Scott said, "Whatever it costs in the pursuit of this goal (of displaying the Commandments) is worth it."[21]
In January 2001, the U.S. Department of Justice sued Charleston County, South Carolina for racial discrimination under the Voting Rights Act, based on its having all its council seats elected by at-large districts. This dilutes the votes of a minority group. DOJ had attempted to negotiate with county officials on this issue in November 2000. Justice officials noted that at-large seats dilute the voting strength of the significant African-American minority in the county, who in 2000 comprised 34.5% of the population. They have been unable to elect any "candidates of their choice" for years. Whites or European Americans comprise 61.9 percent of the population in the county.[22] Since the late 20th century, the majority-white voters have elected Republican Party candidates. County officials noted that the majority of voters in 1989 had approved electing members by at-large seats in a popular referendum.[23]
Scott, the only African-American member of the county council, has said about this case and the alternative of electing council members from single-member districts,
"I don't like the idea of segregating everyone into smaller districts. Besides, the Justice Department assumes that the only way for African-Americans to have representation is to elect an African-American, and the same for whites. Obviously, my constituents don't think that's true."[23]
The DOJ officials noted that the voting preference issue is not a question of ethnicity; voters in black precincts in the county had rejected Scott as a candidate for the council. The candidate of their choice was the Democratic Party at-large candidate. The suit noted that historically, black and white precincts in Charleston County have consistently supported different candidates for the Council. It noted that, because of the white majority, "white bloc voting usually results in the defeat of candidates who are preferred by black voters."[23] Blacks live in compact areas of the county; they could comprise the majority in three districts if the county seats were apportioned as nine single-member districts.[23]
Committee assignments
- Economic Development Committee (Chair)[24]
South Carolina House of Representatives (2009-2011)
In 2008, incumbent Republican State Representative Tom Dantzler decided to retire. With support from advisors such as Nicolas Muzin,[25] Scott decided to run for his seat in District 117 of the South Carolina House of Representatives and won the Republican primary with 53% of the vote, defeating Bill Crosby and Wheeler Tillman.[26] He won the general election unopposed,[27] becoming the first Republican African-American representative from South Carolina in more than 100 years.[28][29]
Scott supported South Carolina's right-to-work laws and argued that Boeing chose South Carolina as a site for manufacturing for that reason.[30]
In South Carolina Club for Growth's 2009-2010 scorecard, Scott earned a B and a score of 80 out of 100.[31] He was praised by the South Carolina Association of Taxpayers, for his "diligent, principled and courageous stands against higher taxes."[32]
Committee assignments
- Judiciary
- Labor, Commerce and Industry
- Ways and Means[33]
United States House of Representatives (2011-2013)
- 2010
Scott entered the election for lieutenant governor but switched to run for South Carolina's 1st congressional district following the retirement announcement of Republican incumbent Henry Brown. The 1st district is based in Charleston, and includes approximately the northern 3/4 of the state's coastline (except for Beaufort and Hilton Head Island. Since redistricting, they have been included in the 2nd District.)[34]
Scott ranked first in the nine-candidate Republican primary of June 8, 2010, receiving a plurality of 32% of the vote.[35] Fellow Charleston County Councilman Paul Thurmond, son of U.S. Senator Strom Thurmond, ranked second with 16% of the vote. Carroll A. Campbell III, the son of former Governor Carroll A. Campbell, Jr., ranked third with 14% of the vote.[16][36] Charleston County School Board member Larry Kobrovsky ranked fourth with 11% of the vote. Five other candidates had single digit percentages.[37]
Because no candidate had received 50 percent or more of the vote, a runoff was held on June 22, 2010. Scott faced off against Paul Thurmond. Scott was endorsed by the anti-tax Club for Growth,[38] various Tea Party movement groups, former Alaska Governor and Vice Presidential nominee Sarah Palin,[4][39] Republican House Whip Eric Cantor,[40] former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee,[41] South Carolina Senator Jim DeMint, and the founder of the Minuteman Project.[3] Scott defeated Thurmond[42] 68%-32% and won every county in the congressional district.[43][44]
According to the Associated Press, Scott "swamped his opponents in fundraising, spending almost 5,000 during the election cycle to less than ,000 for his November opponents".[4] He won the general election, defeating Democrat Ben Frasier 65%-29%.[45] With this election, Scott and Allen West of Florida became the first African-American Republicans in Congress since J.C. Watts retired in 2003.[46] Scott also became the first African-American Republican elected to Congress from South Carolina in 114 years.[8] From the period of 1895 to after 1965, most African-Americans had been disenfranchised in the state, and they had comprised most of the Republican Party when they were excluded from the political system.
- 2012
Scott was unopposed in the primary and won the general election, defeating Democrat Bobbie Rose 62%-36%.[47][48]
Scott, one of two African-American Republicans elected to the House in 2010, declined to join the Congressional Black Caucus.[49]
In March 2011, Scott co-sponsored a welfare reform bill that would deny food stamps to families whose incomes were lowered to the point of eligibility because a family member was participating in a labor strike.[50][51] He introduced legislation in July 2011 to strip the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) of its power to prohibit employers from relocating to punish workers who join unions or strike.[52] The rationale for the legislation is that government agencies should not be able to tell private employers where they can run a business.[52] Scott described the legislation as a common sense proposal that would fix a flaw in federal labor policy and benefit the national and local economies.[52] The NLRB had recently opposed the relocation of a Boeing production facility from Washington state to South Carolina.[52]
Scott successfully advocated for federal funds for a Charleston harbor dredging project estimated at 0 million, arguing that the project is neither an earmark nor an example of wasteful government spending.[53] He said the project was merit-based, and in the national interest because larger cargo ships could use the port and jobs would be created.[53]
During the summer 2011 debate over raising the U.S. debt ceiling, Scott supported the inclusion of a balanced budget constitutional amendment in the debt ceiling bill, and opposed legislation that did not include the amendment. Before voting "no" on the final bill to raise the U.S. debt ceiling, Scott and other first-term conservatives prayed for guidance in a congressional chapel. Afterward, Scott asserted that he had received divine inspiration regarding his vote, and joined the rest of the South Carolina congressional delegation in voting "no" on the measure.[54][55]
- Taxes and spending - Scott believes that federal spending and taxes should be reduced,[3] with a Balanced Budget Amendment and the FairTax respectively being implemented for spending and taxes.
- Health care - Scott believes the 2010 health care reform law should be repealed.[3][56][57] Scott states that the health care in the U.S. is one of the greatest in the world,[57] stating that people all over the world come to study in American medical schools, waiting lists are rare, and Americans are able to choose their insurance, providers, and course of treatment.[57] Scott supports an alternative to the health care bill that he says keeps these benefits while controlling costs by reforming the medical tort system by having a limit on non-economic damages[57] and by reforming Medicare.[57] In January 2014 Scott signed an amicus brief in support of Senator Ron Johnson's legal challenge against the U.S. Office of Personnel Management's Affordable Care Act ruling.[58][59][60]
- Earmarks - Scott opposes earmarks, and yet he successfully advocated for federal funds for a Charleston harbor dredging project estimated at 0 million.[3]
- Economic development - He supports infrastructure development and public works for his district.[3] He opposes restrictions on deepwater oil drilling.[3]
- Social issues - Scott describes himself as pro-life. Scott supports adult and cord blood stem cell research.[61] He opposes embryonic stem cell research funded by taxpayers.[62] He opposes the creation of human embryos for experimentation.[63] and opposes assisted suicide.[61] Scott opposes same-sex marriage.[64]
- Immigration - Scott supports federal legislation that is similar to the Arizona law, Arizona SB 1070.[65] He supports strengthening penalties for employers who knowingly hire illegal immigrants.[65] He also promotes cultural assimilation by making English the official language in the government, and by requiring new immigrants to learn English.[65]
- Labor - Scott introduced a bill which would deny food stamps to families whose incomes were lowered to the point of eligibility because a family member was participating in a labor strike.[66]
- Foreign policy - Scott advocates a continued military presence in Afghanistan and believes an early withdrawal will benefit Al-Qaeda. He also views Iran as the world's most dangerous country and believes that the US should aid pro-democracy groups there.[67] Scott opposed the 2011 military intervention in Libya.[68]
- Police body cameras - After the shooting of Walter Scott (no relation), Scott urged the Senate to hold hearings on police body cameras.[69]
As a Representative, Scott sponsored thirty-six bills, including:[70]
- H.R. 698, a bill to deauthorize funding for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the health-care related provisions of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, introduced February 14, 2011
- H.R. 937, a bill to reduce the federal corporate income tax from 35% to 23%, introduced March 4, 2011
- H.R. 1976, a bill to provide that an employer's expression or written dissemination of views, argument, or opinion regarding the costs associated with collective bargaining, work stoppages, or strikes shall not constitute an unfair labor practice if such expression contains no threat of reprisal or force or promise of benefit, introduced May 24, 2011
- H.R. 2587, a bill to deny the National Labor Relations Board the power to 1) require employers to restore or reinstate any work, product, production line, or equipment, 2) rescind any relocation, transfer, subcontracting, outsourcing, or other change regarding the location, entity, or employer who shall be engaged in production or other business operations, or 3) require any employer to make an initial or additional investment at a particular plant, facility, or location, introduced September 15, 2011
- H.R. 2810, a bill to prohibit labor organizations from prohibiting their members from selecting individuals to collectively bargain on their behalf, introduced August 5, 2011
- H.R. 4015, a bill to repeal the Conservation Stewardship Program, introduced February 13, 2012
In addition to the bills listed above, on May 15, 2012, Scott introduced more than two dozen bills that would temporarily lift or extend tariffs on various chemicals.
Committee assignments
Scott was appointed by the House Republican Steering Committee to both the Committee on Transportation and the Committee on Small Business.[71] He was later appointed to the powerful Committee on Rules and relinquished his other two committee assignments.[72]
U.S. Senate
2012 appointment
On December 17, 2012, South Carolina governor Nikki Haley announced she would appoint Scott to replace retiring Senator Jim DeMint, who had previously announced that he would retire from the Senate to become the President of The Heritage Foundation.[2] Scott is the first African-American to be a U.S. Senator from South Carolina. Scott was one of three black senators in the 113th Congress alongside Mo Cowan and later Cory Booker (and the first since senator Roland Burris retired in 2010 after succeeding President Barack Obama). He is the first African-American to be as a U.S. Senator from the southern United States since Reconstruction.[73] From 1890 to 1908 state legislatures passed new constitutions and laws that disfranchised most blacks and many poor whites across the South, securing power for white conservatives in the Democratic Party.
During two periods, first from January 2, 2013 until February 1, 2013, and again from July 16, 2013 until October 31, 2013, Scott was the only African-American Senator. He and Cowan were the first black senators to serve alongside each other.
News media reported that Scott, along with Rep. Trey Gowdy, former South Carolina Attorney General Henry McMaster, former First Lady of South Carolina Jenny Sanford, and Catherine Templeton, Director of the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, were on Governor Haley's short list to replace Sen. DeMint.[74] In her decision to pick Scott, Governor Haley said: "It is important to me, as a minority female, that Congressman Scott earned this seat, he earned this seat for the person that he is. He earned this seat with the results he has shown."[75]
2014 election
Scott ran in November 2014 to win the final two years of Jim DeMint's term and won.[76]
2016 election
Scott won re-election to a first full term in office in November 2016.[77] He was endorsed by the Club for Growth.[78]
In 2017, Scott was one of 22 senators to sign a letter[79] to President Donald Trump urging the President to have the United States withdraw from the Paris Agreement. According to the Center for Responsive Politics, Scott has received over 0,000 from oil, gas and coal interests since 2012.[80]
Committee assignments
- Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation
- Subcommittee on Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security
- Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, and the Internet (Ranking Member)
- Subcommittee on Competitiveness, Innovation, and Export Promotion
- Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard
- Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety, and Security
- Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
- Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
- Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship
- Special Committee on Aging
Personal life
Scott is unmarried.[9] He owns an insurance agency and he is also a partner in Pathway Real Estate Group, LLC.[5] Scott is a devout evangelical Christian.[81][82][83] He is a member of Seacoast Church, a large evangelical church in Charleston, and is a former member of that church's board. Republican leadership has praised Scott's background as an example of achieving the American dream according to a conservative model.[84]
Electoral history
|Republican Primary - 2008 South Carolina General Assembly 117th District
|Tim Scott
|William Bill Crosby
|Wheeler Tillman
|Tim Scott
|Total votes
|Tim Scott
|Paul Thurmond
|Carroll Campbell
|Larry Kobrovsky
|Stovall Witte
|Clark B Parker
|Katherine Jenerette
|Mark Lutz
|Ken Glasson
|Total votes
|Tim Scott
|Paul Thurmond
|Tim Scott
|Ben Frasier
|Tim Scott
|Randall Young
|Tim Scott
|Joyce Dickerson
|Jill Bossi
See also
- Black conservatism in the United States
- List of African-American United States Representatives
- List of African-American United States Senators
- ^ 2012 Congressional Record, Vol. 158, Page H7467 (December 30, 2012)
- ^ a bSteinhauer, Jennifer; Zeleny, Jeff (December 17, 2012). "Tim Scott to Be Named for Empty South Carolina Senate Seat, Republicans Say". New York Times.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i"Guide to the New Congress" (PDF). CQ Roll Call. November 4, 2010. p. 59. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f"SC elects black GOP congressman; 1st since 2003". The Washington Post. The Associated Press. November 2, 2010. Retrieved July 29, 2011.
- ^ a b c"Tim Scott Biography" (PDF). Tim Scott for Congress. Retrieved July 29, 2011.
- ^ "Political firsts: How history was made this midterm election". Usatoday.com. 2014-11-05. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ Bainum, Stefanie. Tim Scott speaks out on becoming a US Senator, ABC-TV News 4 Charleston, SC, January 3, 2013.
- ^ a bCaroline May (November 2, 2010). "Tim Scott: first black Republican elected to Congress from the South since Reconstruction". The Daily Caller. Retrieved July 29, 2011.
- ^ a b c"Members of the House Representative Timothy E. Scott". Official Web Site of the State of South Carolina. Archived from the original on July 31, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ Seelye, Katharine Q. S. Carolina Candidate Shrugs Off History's Lure, New York Times, June 25, 2010.
- ^ "Scott, Tim (1965-)". Biographical Directory for the U.S. Congress. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
- ^ "Tim Scott Biography". Tim Scott Senator. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ [3]
- ^ a b Behre, Robert. Thurmond, Scott head for runoff, Charleston Post and Courier, June 9, 2010.
- ^ "SC State Senate 42 Race - Nov 05, 1996". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ [4]
- ^ [5]
- ^ "Charleston County Council 3 Race - Nov 02, 2004". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ a b"Council hopes to end Commandments suit". The Augusta Chronicle. The Associated Press. August 16, 1998. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
- ^ a b c dDAVID FIRESTONE (19 January 2001). "U.S. Sues Charleston County, S.C., Alleging Violation of Black Voting Rights". New York Times. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ "Meet Tim Scott". Vote Tim Scott. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
- ^ JTA Canadian-born Orthodox Jew Nick Muzin helps boost black GOP Sen. Tim Scott to prominence, February 12, 2013
- ^ "SC State House 117 - R Primary Race - Jun 10, 2008". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ "SC State House 117 Race - Nov 04, 2008". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ Scott, Thurmond in GOP runoff in SC's 1st District, Associated Press, June 9, 2010.[dead link]
- ^ "South Carolina Legislature Mobile". Scstatehouse.gov. September 19, 1965. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ Yvonne Wenger. "Scott touts S.C.'s right-to-work status". Post and Courier. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ "The Club for Growth - South Carolina, 2009-2010 House Scorecard" (PDF). Scclubforgrowth.org. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ "Tim Scott Praised By SC Taxpayer Association". FITSNews. March 6, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ "South Carolina Legislature Mobile". Scstatehouse.gov. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ MacDougall, David. Barrett, Scott win vote. Charleston Post and Courier. January 16, 2010.
- ^ Radnofsky, Louise. GOP's Tim Scott Pulls Ahead in S.C. House Primary, Wall Street Journal, June 9, 2010.
- ^ Weigel, David. Black Republican headed for congressional runoff in South Carolina, Washington Post, June 9, 2010.
- ^ "SC District 01 - R Primary Race - Jun 08, 2010". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ Hamby, Peter. Historical Overtones in SC House Race, CNN, June 9, 2010.
- ^ Isenstadt, Alex. Palin backs Scott, Politico, June 19, 2010.
- ^ Schroeder, Robert.Fiscal conservatives try to outdo each other in S. Carolina, Health care, spending among top issues for Republicans in runoffs, Marketwatch, June 18, 2010.
- ^ "Governor Mike Huckabee and HUCKPAC Endorse Tim Scott For Congress From South Carolina". Huck PAC. June 17, 2010.
- ^ Kiely, Kathy.Tim Scott wins nomination to become first black Republican congressman since 2003, USA Today, June 22, 2010.
- ^ O'Connor, Patrick.Tim Scott, Black Republican, Nominated for Congress Seat in South Carolina, Bloomberg, June 22, 2010.
- ^ Breaking News: Tim Scott wins GOP nomination for First Congressional District, WCBD-TV, June 22, 2010.
- ^ a b"Official results". South Carolina State Election Commission. November 18, 2010. Retrieved November 22, 2010.
- ^ NPR It's All Politics, James, Frank "Black GOP Lawmakers Face Tricky Relations With Democrats", January 4, 2011.
- ^ "SC - District 01 Race - Nov 06, 2012". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ "Incumbent Rep. Tim Scott wins second term". WCBD. November 6, 2012.
- ^ "Tim Scott Will Not Join Congressional Black Caucus: 'My Campaign Was Never About Race' - The Note". Blogs.abcnews.com. December 1, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ Brian Montopoli (March 24, 2011). "Conservatives deny they seek to cut off food stamps for striking workers' families". CBS News. Retrieved August 6, 2011.
- ^ Rep. Jim Jordan [R-OH4] (March 16, 2011). "H.R. 1135: Welfare Reform Act of 2011". GovTrack.us. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ a b c dDavid Slade (July 20, 2011). "Tim Scott takes on NLRB". The Post and Courier. Charleston SC. Retrieved July 28, 2011.
- ^ a bRon Nixon (July 19, 2011). "Cost-Cutters, Except When the Spending Is Back Home". The New York Times. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
- ^ David Espo (July 28, 2011). "Republicans put off vote on debt limit". The Associated Press. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
- ^ Jennifer Steinhauer and Robert Pear (July 28, 2011). "Surprise Ending to Day of Strong-Arming, Head Counts and Meetings". The New York Times. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
- ^ Jonsson, Patrik. Tim Scott: Can a black Republican win in South Carolina?, Christian Science Monitor, June 15, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e Develop Better Healthcare Solutions,
- ^ Ed O'Keefe. "38 GOP lawmakers join Ron Johnson's Obamacare lawsuit". Washington Post.
- ^ O'Keefe, Ed (2014-04-22). "38 GOP lawmakers join Ron Johnson's Obamacare lawsuit". Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ "38 GOP lawmakers join lawsuit against ObamaCare subsidies". Foxnews.com. 2014-04-23. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ a b"Promote Our Values". Tim Scott for Congress. Retrieved November 30, 2010.
- ^ Bennett Roth (November 6, 2010). "112th Congress: Tim Scott, R-S.C. (1st District)". Roll Call. Retrieved November 30, 2010.[dead link]
- ^ "Issue Position: Health Care". Votesmart.org. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
- ^ "Tim Scott on Civil Rights". Ontheissues.org. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ a b c Issue Position: Immigration,
- ^ Jeanne Cummings (April 21, 2011). "Freshmen learn to use bills the DC way". Politico. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
- ^ "Win the War on Terror". Tim Scott for Congress. Retrieved February 8, 2011.
- ^ "H.Con.Res. 51: Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War ... (On the Resolution)". GovTrack.us. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ Dennis Lynch. "Police Body Cameras: Sen. Tim Scott Urges Senate To Discuss Technology In Wake Of Walter Scott Shooting". Ibtimes.com. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ "Representative Scott's Legislation". congress.gov. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
- ^ Behre, Robert (December 17, 2010). "Assignments please Scott". Charleston Post Courier. Retrieved December 17, 2010.
- ^ "Tim Scott on Government Reform". OnTheIssues.org.
- ^ Camia, Catalina (December 17, 2012). "GOP's Tim Scott to be S.C.'s first black senator". usatoday.com. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
- ^ "Nikki Haley's short list includes Tim Scott, Jenny Sanford". washingtonpost.com. December 11, 2012.
- ^ "Nikki Haley appoints Rep. Tim Scott to Senate". washingtonpost.com. December 17, 2012.
- ^ Collins, Jeffrey (November 4, 2014). "Tim Scott wins election for US Senate in SC". Washington Times. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
- ^ Emily Cahn; Alexis Levinson (January 28, 2015). "Senators Confirm Re-Election Bids for 2016". Roll Call. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
- ^ Cahn, Emily (November 12, 2014). "Club for Growth Endorses 6 Senators for 2016". Roll Call. Retrieved 10 December 2014.
- ^ Inhofe, James. "Senator". Retrieved 7 June 2017.
- ^ "The Republicans who urged Trump to pull out of Paris deal are big oil darlings". The Guardian. June 1, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2017.
- ^ "Tim Scott Appointed to U.S. Senate". The Weekly Standard. December 17, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ debbie (September 21, 2010). "Exclusive Tim Scott Interview: No Racism in Tea Party". Blogs.cbn.com. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ "Why Tim Scott Should Replace Jim DeMint". The Daily Beast. December 8, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ Curtis, Mary (18 December 2012). "Tim Scott's importance as GOP senator and symbol". Washington Post. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
- ^ "Statewide Results : 2008 General Election". Enr-scvotes.org. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ "Statewide Results : 2010 Republican and Democratic Primary". Enr-scvotes.org. Retrieved 2015-06-12.
- ^ "Primary Results:South Carolina Runoff". The New York Times. June 22, 2011. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
- ^ "South Carolina Statewide Primary Election Results". June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
- ^ "South Carolina Statewide General Election Results". December 15, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
External links
- Senator Tim Scott official U.S. Senate site
- Tim Scott for Senate
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Tim Scott at Curlie (based on DMOZ)
- Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Profile at Project Vote Smart
- Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
- Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress
|South Carolina House of Representatives
|Preceded by
Tom Dantzler
|Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives
from the 117th district
|Succeeded by
Bill Crosby
|U.S. House of Representatives
|Preceded by
Henry Brown
|Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 1st congressional district
|Succeeded by
Mark Sanford
|U.S. Senate
|Preceded by
Jim DeMint
|U.S. Senator (Class 3) from South Carolina
Served alongside: Lindsey Graham
|Party political offices
|Preceded by
Jim DeMint
|Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from South Carolina
(Class 3)
2014, 2016
|Most recent
|Current U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
|Preceded by
Brian Schatz
|United States Senators by seniority
|Succeeded by
Tammy Baldwin
South Carolina's delegation(s) to the 112th-115th United States Congresses (ordered by seniority)
|Senate: L. Graham • J. DeMint (until Jan. 2013) • T. Scott (from Jan. 2013)
|House: J. Clyburn • J. Wilson • J. Duncan • T. Gowdy • M. Mulvaney • T. Scott (until Jan. 2013)
|Senate: L. Graham • T. Scott
|House: J. Clyburn • J. Wilson • M. Sanford (from May 2013) • J. Duncan • T. Gowdy • M. Mulvaney • T. Rice
|Senate: L. Graham • T. Scott
|House: J. Clyburn • J. Wilson • M. Sanford • J. Duncan • T. Gowdy • M. Mulvaney • T. Rice
|Senate: L. Graham • T. Scott
|House: J. Clyburn • J. Wilson • M. Sanford • J. Duncan • T. Gowdy • M. Mulvaney (until Feb. 2017) • T. Rice • R. Norman (from Jun. 2017)


text:
TouchMyApps Nominated for 2011 Golden Retrevo Awards. Vote for Us!
Some pretty cool news to pass on. TouchMyApps has been nominated for a Golden Retrevo Award for outstanding blogging feats in the "Apps" category. If you're not familiar the G.R.A, here's a quick summary:
Welcome to the second annual Golden Retrevo Awards, where we celebrate the top independent gadget blogs of 2010. Retrevo, one of the world's leading consumer electronics shopping sites, is searching for top bloggers to recognize as outstanding contributors in their field.
Golden Retrevo Award nominees are independent bloggers expressing fascination and enthusiasm for gadgets and gear. They should also exhibit expertise in their area of interest. These are the best and brightest of the gadget blogosphere, writing about the coolest new consumer tech and how it benefits the lives of the people who use them.
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text:
Brewers survey question asks fans about Ryan Braun's return
Fan says Braun's explanation too generic
Thousands of Milwaukee Brewers fans will file into Miller Park soon for the home opener, and team members want to know what's on their minds -- especially when it comes to Ryan Braun.
Wes Aldridge is in his ninth year as a season ticket holder. In September, he received a phone call from Braun apologizing for his involvement in a performance enhancing-drug scandal.
"He called me here at work last year," Aldridge said.
Aldridge said he asked Braun why he cheated, but felt his answer was too generic. He said he didn't hold back on a survey from the Brewers he received via email Tuesday.
Four questions on the survey were related to Braun, such as, "Overall, do you have an opinion of Ryan Braun?"
Aldridge said he answered, "Somewhat unfavorable."
"He (Braun) still tainted the game and if he would've come out and said something much sooner than he did, if he wouldn't have denied it and dragged a lot of people through the mud, I probably would've been a little easier to win back," Aldridge said.
The Brewers would not say what they will do with the survey results.
Aldridge said he is reducing his commitment from the full season ticket package to 20 games.


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text:
The question I settled on is pretty mild in comparison to what could be used in a TV ad, so the response may turn out to be even worse than the Capitol Fax/We Ask America poll shows, if that's possible.
"Would you be more likely or less likely to vote for a candidate for governor if you found out he was a friend and political ally to Chicago Democratic Mayor Rahm Emanuel?" 1,102 likely Republican primary voters were asked on Aug. 13.
A truly astounding 83 percent of Republicans said they'd be less likely to support that candidate. Any time you see a "less likely" response above 80 percent, you can pretty much figure that the target is toast. But maybe not in this case.
The Rauner people have long known that this was a real problem for their guy, which is just one reason why they've been spending so much money this summer – almost $2 million on TV and radio ads through the first week of August, according to one calculation.
And the ties go deeper than the question reveals. Rauner helped Emanuel get his start in business, advising him to become an investment banker after leaving Bill Clinton's White House and then retaining his firm. Their relationship made Emanuel a wealthy man, so the advertising possibilities are juicy, to say the least.
The problem is that nobody has yet laid a glove on the man. The other candidates either don't have the money to go up on TV (Kirk Dillard and Bill Brady), or they're husbanding their resources for the home stretch (Dan Rutherford).
There's also a timing question that's been debated by at least some campaigns. Attack Rauner too soon and he could have time to recover. He has the resources and infrastructure to weather a storm over a long haul. Attack him too late and it might not have enough of an impact, or the other candidates themselves might already be too damaged to do him any harm or may even be out of the race. Opposition research is starting to circulate behind the scenes, and let's just say that some of it ain't good at all.
And nobody needs an opposition research firm to figure out where state Sen. Kirk Dillard's main weakness is in the governor's race.
Rauner has attempted to make this a "change" election in order to avoid the usual Republican primary habit of picking the guy who appears to be owed the next turn at the wheel. Dillard has been in Illinois politics forever, which will work against him if Rauner succeeds in changing the tone. But the state Senator and former Jim Edgar chief of staff also has another well-known problem that looks to be just as much of a killer issue as Rauner's Rahm situation.
Dillard often worked with Barack Obama in the Illinois Senate and he cut a now infamous TV ad for his former colleague during the 2008 presidential primary season.
"Would you be more likely or less likely to vote for a candidate if he had appeared in a TV commercial for Barack Obama before he was elected president?" the likely Republican primary voters were asked in the poll.
The "less likely" response was an astounding 82 percent.
"Dillard faced thousands of gross rating points driving the Obama TV ad message against him in 2010 and lost by only 193 votes," pollster Gregg Durham said last week. "Nothing is impossible in Illinois politics."
That's true, but the Obama ad tanked Dillard's 2010 primary campaign, which he barely lost to state Sen. Bill Brady. This year, he has lagged badly in fundraising and in the polls.
Dillard has two things in his favor.
The first is traditional Republican thinking. Dillard narrowly lost the 2010 primary and would've likely done better than Bill Brady in the fall campaign against Pat Quinn, so it could be "his turn."
The second is Jim Edgar, a former governor who is still quite popular among Republicans. Dillard can barely open his mouth without mentioning Edgar and the former governor will likely appear in ads.
Whether any of that is enough to overcome the Obama ad problem is now the biggest question for Dillard.
Rich Miller also publishes Capitol Fax, a daily political newsletter, and CapitolFax.com.


text:
California State administers serious punishments for people found guilty of drug possession and has even harsher penalty for those culpable of possession with intent to distribute. If you have been accused of a drug possession crime in Rentz, it is essential that you hire a veteran drug crimes lawyer right away to start with the investigation of your case. At The Levy Law Firm, we offer our clients the best legal representation to see their charges reduced or even dismissed.
Drug possession is a common allegation in California State. If an individual has any kind of unlawful drugs on them, they could be charged with drug possession. A superior charge to drug possession is possessing with intent to distribute or sell.
For marijuana and controlled substances, there are several requirements for a person to be found guilty of possession. They include:
Possession does not have to be real possession; constructive possession is considered as well. This is to say that you do not actually have to be having the item or drug on you. For instance, if you are in your house and the police officers come in with a search warrant and they find a controlled substance or drugs in one of the rooms in your house, they will charge you with drug possession arguing that you have constructive control over the drugs or controlled substance.
The prosecution has to prove that the defendant knew of the presence of the drugs. Proving this is difficult for the prosecution and without any statements or any admissions from the accused, a qualified lawyer can show that there is completely no prove that the defendant knows of the presence of the substance or its character.
Intent is a state of mind, therefore very difficult for the prosecutor to prove if there is no hard evidence. The prosecution will set a trap for the defendant or look through their email or phone for proof that the defendant had the intention to distribute or sell the drugs or controlled substance in Rentz. A skilled lawyer can argue and prove to the court that the accused did not have the intent to sell the drug. This is particularly easy if there is no evidence pointing out that the accused was intending to distribute the drugs.
If you or someone you love is accused of drug possession or possession with intent to distribute, contact Robert E. Levy to get legal help. He has many years of practice dealing with every type of drug crimes. Robert E. Levy knows exactly what you are up against and he will fight aggressively to protect your rights. Often, drug crimes involve tainted evidence and unreliable witnesses, therefore, you require an attorney with a confirmed track record and skill to spot and underline any weaknesses in the case.
The information on this website is for general informational purposes only. Nothing on this site should be taken as
legal advice for any individual case or situation. This information is not intended to create and receipt or viewing
does not constitute an attorney client relationship.


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Exploring Family Tree Maker 2012 - Post 22: Creating a Civil War Pension File SourceThis is part of a series of blog posts in an effort to help us understand how to use FTM2012. As you may know, it has been frustrating at times, and in the area of Source / Citations, I would guess frustrating isn't the right word.
Here is my take on this topic of dealing with Civil War files and not in response to Randy's very fine Blog.
In another Blog, not on Family Tree Maker, I told of my search for a Civil War hero using the Inferential Genealogy that Dr. Thomas Jones has described are conferences and in a video series on Family Search.
I am not sure that there is a right way, nor a wrong way of recording what we find on any of our Ancestors, especially our Hero's. I am only going to talk about how I do some of this recording.
We, as users, will have our own ways of doing this recording of information. I ask myself:
- What Facts do I want to use AND Why?
- What does out data look like on Output?
- What do I want to capture?
- What do I want to Share?
The limitless number of Facts that we have, and that we can have "Alt" Facts, or the multiple Facts that we can have, what makes sense for reports for myself and what might I want to share with others. There are some limitations, but what information do I want to use for my analysis and what do I need to try to tell the story of this hero.
I tend to record "just the facts" and where I found the Facts. I have a gentlemen in my file with 20 pages of Civil War Records, another with 30. So I captured his Civil War Journey, in fact I am still adding facts for the Military Service Fact. I am working on a timeline for his unit, with dates and places of battles that his unit participated in. All of that to say, that I use the Military Service Fact for the information from his Civil War records with one Source, a number of Citations, referring to pages within that record.
I consider the Military Service Fact for my information in helping me try to put the story together. The SmartStory feature I will probably use, and have used in the base. But the Notes Section for the person is where most of the story will be documented.
Here is a link to an earlier post for a Revolutionary War Hero.
Family Tree Maker 2011 - Smart Stories
Oh, but the Notes do not allow for Citations. But, what I do is to type in a Citation, that makes sense to me, and not in the Evidence Explained! format, but enough information. For example:
First and Second Maryland Infantry
Muster Rolls
Page 444
Pvt. Co. A, 2nd Md. Inf. b. 1844. Res. of Baltimore. Enl. Richmond 8/21/62 age 18. WIA (flesh wound to thigh) Gettysburg 7/3/63. Paid 7/17/63. Ab. wounded in Charlottesville hospital 8/14-17/63. Transf. Richmond hospital. Returned to duty 9/63. Paid 1/11/64. Present 3/31/64. WIA (upper portion of right thigh amputated) Weldon R.T. 8/19/65. Ab. wounded in Richmond hospital 8/21/64. Retired to Invalid Corps 12/24/64. Paroled Charlottesville 5/1/65. Member, Army & Navy Society, Maryland Line Association 1910, res of Baltimore. d. 12/23/27. Bur. Green Mount Cem. Brother of James McHenry Howard, 1st Md. Inf.
I already have a Citation for this document, for each of the facts that I took from the above paragraph. I normally will show these Notes when I share my research. If I were to generate a report, I would only reflect the Preferred Facts and not all of the Facts that I have collected. I think that the reader of the report is not as interested in how many Military Service Facts I have, but only the Preferred Fact which is
Bet 21 Aug 1862 - 01 May 1965 - 1st Maryland Infantry - CSA
The above documented summary is exactly the information that I found in the 20 pages from his Civil War Records. In fact, I am still inputting that data.
Back to my questions:
- What Facts do I want to use AND Why?
- What does out data look like on Output?
In reality, I would put this information into a book on this Hero, using the Book feature of Family Tree Maker and would include a Bibliography. I doing usually include EndNotes in reports, but in the Book feature, I have a statement that if the reader would like the EndNotes, I can generate that, because I understand the need for them. But, my family really doesn't care. They want the Story, not how I got the Story.
To show the Timeline of his Military Service, this is what is in FTM2012:
Each of these facts have Citations.
Copyright © 2011 by H R Worthington


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I'm bored, I'm bored (Hima)
[Verse 1]
Oh, no, man, I feel weird
I'm trying to get the motherfucking fuck out of here
Before there's flowers here and sour tears
I'm looking forward to knowing how power feels
Powerful, power is knowledge
They sum up my life with my four years of college
I know first-hand words is money
I learned they coded language, observed these dummies
Feel bummy and crummy with no food up in your tummy
So I'm like funny how while I teach you sonnies something
Apparently, if your parents be the sons of important parents, it's a parody
It's a cake walk, it's collusion
It's a lot of big words, it's confusin'
It's hard to go to college when they profit off of jailing
Give a fuck about rent if you can't make bail
The coded language, they call that law
Himanshu in the corner with the Bobby Brown jaw
They said "Bobby Brown fault"
Who knows what Bobby Brown saw?
Bobby Brown Jindal never lobby brown cause
[Verse 2]
I'm like Lucky Luciano
But more pronto with bravado
While I'm chilling, sipping bottles
And ignoring all these models
Keep that Gombi like Movado
Then I look at my Movado
Hop in whip and then hit bottles
See my shorty, then I cuddle
I don't care if you think I'm cool
Have the shoot with the pool
I challenge fools and dudes
And damage 'em, rude and cruel
A savage and stupid dude
Who managed to cram in school
A scavenger with no tool
Who'll handle and ravage you
Himanshu, how you rap about stacks and base now?
Miss when you rapped on tracks 'bout John Basedow
Now I'm spaced for days until my face pound
I'm wild and dying, lying with my face down
"Killing Time" from Heems' mixtape: Wild Water Kingdom (2012)
This song samples Echo & The Bunnymen's "The Killing Moon".


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Welding Laboratory
Welding is an important fabrication and sculptural technique, possessing both practical and artistic capabilities. While it is generally an industrial process, welding is able to be performed in a variety of environments: open air, under water and in outer space. The Welding Laboratory provides students with an environment where they are able to develop beneficial skills and knowledge in SMAW, GMAW, and resistance welding techniques. The lab is equipped for most common welding and cutting processes -- oxyfuel welding and brazing, shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, gas metal arc welding, resistance spot welding, oxygen cutting, and plasma arc cutting. Additionally, in conjunction with the MET Materials Laboratory, the department is well equipped for destructive and non-destructive testing of weldments.


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"If one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavours to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with success unexpected in common hours." Henry David Thoreau.
Self talk can boost you up or take you down. Athletes use positive self-talk to reach their personal bests. Some people use negative self-talk to justify the ruts they find themselves in. Mike and Eugene are examples.
Eugene, an engineer with an aerospace firm that was terminating workers, kept telling himself and others that he was going to lose his job. Mike, on the other hand, researched options and sent updated resumes to potential employers. Eugene lost his job. Mike was offered a job the day he received his pink slip. When Eugene learned to restructure his thoughts, and updated skills he attained his desired position.
Several other people who learned the power of positive self-talk are described in award-winning, Questers Dare to Change Your Job and Life: https://www.amazon.com/Questers-Dare-Change-Your-Life/dp/1508408963
Pay attention to your "'self-talk" - the conversation you have in your head about yourself and the world around you. Is your self-talk positive, growth-oriented, or negative, constraining?
What does this quiz say about you?
Answer "yes" or "no."
- I learn from my mistakes.
- I'm too old to compete with younger job applicants.
- I know and accept myself.
- I prefer the tried and true ways of doing things.
- Career success is defined personally.
- I do what I "should" rather than what I want.
- I welcome criticism as a way to grow.
- I won't consider relocating for an attractive job elsewhere.
- My successes are the result of hard work, determination and some ability.
- I'll accept a promotion to a job I don't like for money or prestige.
- My job gives my life meaning and direction.
- I'm looking forward to retirement so that I can do what I want.
- I 'm flexible, self reliant and optimistic.
- Career success means having social standing and money to buy the good things.
- I'll take a salary cut to further my career.
- Reevaluate your definition of career advancement. View career growth as a lifelong process of personal and professional development -- a continuing quest to maintain harmony between who you are and what you do.
Scoring: 1 point for each "yes" to odd numbered statements, and each "no" to even numbered ones. The higher your score, the more you possess positive, growth-oriented attitudes. A score of less than 6 suggests your life career could benefit from positive self-talk.
Self-Talk Tips
- Know yourself and options. Identify your skills, major accomplishments, needs, purpose and other attributes. Explore options that are compatible with your personal characteristics. Specify your ideal job; include field or industry, title, tasks, type of company and location.
Don't choose an occupation because experts predict it will be in demand or to please others. Rather, select one that is congruent with your personal qualities. If you follow your heart instead of "shoulds," money may be a by-product.
- Restructure your thinking to that of creating a job rather than applying for one. Reevaluate your career goals periodically. Modify these as you learn more about yourself and your changing environment. Embrace and grow with change.
Recognize you do have options. Testing your options may mean tradeoffs, but usually they're worth the inconvenience. Know how to market yourself (your product) to prospective buyers (employers).
Continue to learn. Welcome opportunities to discover new technologies and enhance transferable skills, such as computer literacy and verbal communication.
- Think out of the box. Develop and use intuition. Take quiet time daily to tune into your inner self. Meditate on an object, such as a candle flame or mantra. Ask your dreams for direction before falling asleep sleep. Keep a journal. Communicate with nature.
Create a vision board with pictures of your self living your desired lifestyle so it's in your vision every single day. Affirmations can be excellent tools to keep you motivated towards attaining your goal. You must bring your desired goal into the present moment and fully, emotionally and positively believe that it can and does exist in your current reality.
- Enhancer optimism. Believe good things will happen. Every time you hear your inner voice criticize, stop and think of something positive to say such as "I'm making progress." Write down things you like about yourself such as "I'm flexible and creative." Post the list where you can see it often.
- Exhibit flexibility and resilience. If you've been blocked from attaining a desired career goal, investigate other ways of achieving it.
View risk taking as a learning opportunity. Start with small risks in daily activities. Then proceed to more challenging ones. Think of an important risk you'd like to take. What's the worst thing that would happen if it turned out badly? Where could you get information and support to make the goal less risky? Break the goal into small steps. When can you take the first step?
- Live in the present. Don't worry about what might happen. Depersonalize failure. View setbacks as learning experiences. Persist. Have faith that you'll achieve your goal.
- Be the best you can be. Thank the universe regularly for the positive energy you have to share with others to make the world a better place. You can only receive something positive when you give something positive.
Strengthen other Quester traits such as confidence, creativity, growth, independence and self discipline, described in Questers Dare to Change Your Job and Life: https://www.amazon.com/Questers-Dare-Change-Your-Life/dp/1508408963


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Support our nonpartisan, nonprofit research and insights which help leaders address societal challenges.Donate
- Authors:
Publication Date:
February 2013
Two seemingly opposing forces—the growing use of HR data and countries' diverse regulations about protecting such data—may be leading multinational companies to forgo some of the potential strategic value of HR data they already have or could collect. This report investigates how data privacy applies to human capital analytics and strategic workforce planning and provides an overview of regional and country-based differences in the protection of employee privacy. It describes how companies can establish an HR data protection strategy that supports human capital analytics and SWP while conforming to local laws.


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Established 1.5T performance. With Tim+Dot.
MAGNETOM ESSENZA 1.5T - A Tim+Dot System. Built on the experience of more than 1.000 customers, it will help you to be even more productive, more versatile, and more confident in your daily MRI practice.
More productivity. With Tim+Dot.
Introducing Dot® to MAGNETOM ESSENZA perfectly complements this 1.5T MRI scanners outstanding Tim® performance. Making an already highly productive 1.5 Tesla machine even more efficient and easy-to-use.
"Because there's no need to reposition the coils, we can achieve 50-60 patients every day."1
Dr. Li Song Bai
Director of MRI Department
1st Hospital of CMU, Shenyang, China
Dot. The next movement in MRI.
Dot is a new way of scanning in MRI – a better way. Dot scanning uses a suite of customizable engines. Allowing the user to personalize exams according to patient needs, build in step-by-step user guidance, and automate MRI exams – either "out of the box" or based on the institution's standards.
Dot on MAGNETOM ESSENZA
Dot. Taking the complexity out of MRI.
- Manage even complex exam routines with ease
- Use pre-defined exam strategies (Dot protocols)
- Easily adapt exam strategies to patient specific condition
- Be guided step-by-step, even through complicated exams
- Easy and synchronized timing with Auto Bolus Detection
Dot. A new level of consistency and reproducibility.
- Intelligent, automated workflows for image consistency and diagnostic confidence
- Complete scans with virtually no manual adjustments, enabling high reproducibility
- Workflows customizable to your standards
- Easy, consistent follow-up exams, supported by automatic slice positioning & FoV estimation
Intelligent, automated workflows enable a whole new level of efficiency
- Fast scan setup with only a few clicks, supported e.g. by an automated FoV or navigator positioning
- Automated post-processing with automatic, predefined inline technologies
- Higher reproducibility and more accurate timing, reducing the need of scan repetitions
"At the moment we have nine MAGNETOM ESSENZA installed in our sites, and we can smoothly do more than 800 exams a month per machine."1
Dr. Roberto Cortes Domingues
CDPI & Multi Imagem
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Tim sets the standard in MRI.
The integrated coil technology Tim (Total imaging matrix) is synonymous with excellent image quality and fast acquisition speed. The proven technology is now in nearly 8,000 installations.
Your benefits comprise exceptional image quality, faster acquisition, shorter exam time, and higher SNR.
Tim on MAGNETOM ESSENZA
- Select exams, not coils
- 8 or 16 RF channels for up to 46 matrix coil elements
- Head-to-toe imaging without patient repositioning
- Local and total imaging from head to toe, while maintaining a high SNR
- Excellent image quality with high coil density
- Seamless scan range of up to 140 cm with excellent image quality
- Utilize parallel imaging (iPAT) in all directions
- High acquisition speed, high resolution
- Shorter examination times allow increased throughput
Together. Tim+Dot redifine productivity - with an increase of up to 50%2.
Extended productivity at 16-channels.
Up to 4 coils simultaneously, up to 46 elements. The new 16-channel system with the new 16-channel Head/Neck coil enables more flexibility and higher productivity.
Higher flexibility
- Seamless combination of up to 4 Matrix coils with up to 46 coil elements
- More coverage with the integrated IsoCenter Matrix, 16-channel Head/Neck coil and up to two Body Matrix coils
- Easier coil handling with combined Head/Neck parts and comfortable release mechanism
- Keep the posterior part of the 16-Channel Head/Neck on the patient table for any abdominal exam
Upgraded imaging and iPAT performance
- Twice the number of elements (12 instead of 6) in the head region for improved GRAPPA performance
- Higher performance in abdominal imaging with IsoCenter Matrix and up to 2 Body matrix coils
- Access to the optional 14-ch Extremity coil3 for advanced iPAT capabilities in any direction and improved B1 performance with iTX
More confidence
- Outstanding SNR with the 16-ch Head/Neck coil
- Complete coverage of the Head/Neck region
- Excellent image quality, in combination with the integrated IsoCenter Matrix coil, for example in C-Spine imaging
More applications. From head to toe.
MAGNETOM ESSENZA delivers outstanding image quality from head to toe. Now based on the latest Siemens MR software platform, MAGNETOM ESSENZA provides access to more standard and advanced applications than ever before.
The complete range of clinical application. With the Tim Application Suite.
Neurology, Orthopedics, Cardiology, Angiography, Womens' Health, Pediatric
"The acquisition of MAGNETOM ESSENZA was a great choice, because it surpassed all our expectations, attending the hospitals diversified needs."1
Dr. Cristiano Rezio, MD
Radiologist, Administrative Director
Clínica De Diagnostico, Por Imagem Avançado Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Broaden your clinical scope. With the new MAGNETOM ESSENZA – A Tim+Dot system, you also have access to advanced, cutting-edge applications like:
- CAIPIRINHA: The powerful next generation iPAT application for up to 50%2 faster imaging.
- syngo BLADE: Robust, motion-insensitive imaging for excellent imaging results even for non-cooperative patients, can be used in head, spine, abdomen, and other body regions.
- 3D DESS: T2/T1- weighted, high resolution cartilage imaging.
- 3D CISS: Excellent visualization of fine structures such as cranial nerve, high resolution imaging of inner ear and spine.
- Inline Diffusion: Automatic real-time calculation of trace-weighted images and ADC maps with Inline Technology for stoke imaging and tumor differentiation in head and body applications.
"The MSK examinations, with the Blade sequence, are of very good quality since motion artifacts are reduced. This same BLADE sequence and the 3D isotropic SPACE sequence offer high resolution and well contrasted pelvic and prostate images. In neurology, the results are of very good quality in totally correct acquisition times."1
Dr. Bui, Dr. Tayebjee
Hôpital privé de la Seine Saint Denis, Groupe Générale de Santé
Le Blanc Mesnil, France
More confidence. Through sustainable value
With MAGNETOM ESSENZA value for money meets sustainability. Along the complete lifecycle you benefit from the latest technology and system design. Be more efficient and productive than ever before, at a highly attractive total cost of ownership (TCO).
"MAGNETOM ESSENZA is a true "value for money" system combining both strengths of excellence in imaging and viability for investors."1
Dr. B. Kannan
Director Aravind Krishna Hospital
Sattur, Virudhunagar District Tamilnadu, India
Outstanding TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)
- Low installation requirements with short system design
- Lowest operating costs in class with minimal power consumption2
- State-of-the-art zero helium boil-off technology
An even faster break-even
The new MAGNETOM ESSENZA stands for increased efficiency from day one. It enables you to keep costs low while increasing your number of patients. A sure combination for a faster break-even.
Optimized Workflow
- Increase your standard workflow setup with Tim and GRAPPA: Comprehensive knee evaluation in less than 10 minutes2
- Optimized workflow and great consistency brings dramatic throughput: e.g., up to 20%2 throughput increased with Brain Dot Engine
"The MAGNETOM ESSENZA MR system allows us doing high quality examinations while keeping investment and operating costs under control. ... Today, we have a very good productivity."1
Geoffrey Gatebled, Chief technician
Centre d'Imagerie Médicale de Franconville
Franconville, France
Related Products, Services & Resources
1The statements by Siemens' customers described herein are based on results that were achieved in the customer's unique setting. Since there is no "typical" hospital and many variables exist (e.g., hospital size, case mix, level of IT adoption) there can be no guarantee that other customers will achieve the same results.
2Results may vary. Data on file.


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On March 1, 2006, it purchased 472,000 TNT N.V. ordinary shares at an average price of euro 27.0133 per share.
It is TNT's intention to cancel the repurchased shares.
TNT N.V. is a global provider of mail, express and logistics services. The group employs over 161,000 people in 63 countries and serves over 200 countries. For 2004 the company reported sales of € 12.6 billion. TNT N.V. is publicly listed on the stock exchanges of Amsterdam, New York, London and Frankfurt.


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Watercolors and Acrylics by Carol Carter
Cover Page, International Artist, April/May 2010
Page 60-61
Page 62-63
Page 64-65
Page 66-67
Page 68-69
small INTRUDERS book
|Order Book
Visit Carol Carter's Blogs
Just published! Order the book The Italian Suite by Carol Carter
| Hardcover Book
Softcover Book
|The Arts Live
Fall 2012
|New American Paintings
|Cover Story
| Watercolor instruction
by Betsy Hosegood
Having grown up in Florida, my strongest visual impression of an environment for human activity is water. In much of my work, water provides the setting for anonymous figures. Watercolors of nudes, as well as black and white nudes are in my portfolio. The nude swimmer- evocative and sensual watercolour painting is a signature theme.
The paintings contain duality: clarity and ambiguity; sanctuary and threat; pleasure and pain. The use of vibrant, saturated-color contributes to the tension between these extremes. The acrylics of Napa Valley, CA, Savannah, GA and St. Thomas, Virgin Islands are lush in their depiction of the region. The acrylic landscapes and botanicals are compelling.
Belle Glade, Fl has been a wealth of inspiration. The sugar cane fields, egrets, muck, cane cutting, sugar farming, and raw sky beauty have been visually documented.
For me, the watercolors and acrylics of nudity and landscape hold a special place in gallery work. The portraits, commissions, portraiture, floral watercolor, the good girls/bad girls are in watercolor painting and acrylic on panel.
Each aspect of my work is mysterious, seductive, intense, and inviting.
Welcome to St. Louis artist- Carol Carter.


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(Phoenix, Ariz. – Feb. 9, 2006) Attorney General Terry Goddard today cautioned home buyers to tread carefully when selecting a mortgage. As the housing market cools, many first-time home buyers are taking out riskier loans such as interest-only or flat-minimum-payment mortgages, which could put borrowers at risk when market conditions change.
A 2005 study by the National Association of Realtors showed that 43 percent of first-time home buyers purchased homes with no money down. The study also found that those buyers who did make a down payment averaged two percent down and financed 98 percent of the loan. As the housing market cools, buyers who purchase homes with variable interest rates and no or little money down could end up owing more than their home is worth.
Goddard urges home buyers not to select a mortgage based on a low introductory or "teaser" rate. These rates can go up sharply, and homeowners can quickly find themselves in trouble.
Goddard offers these tips when choosing a mortgage:
- Do not take out a loan unless you can make the monthly payments, including principal, interest, taxes and insurance based on your current income.
- Make sure you know whether the interest rate can increase. Find out how much it can go up and how often, and make sure all information is in writing.
- Watch out for balloon payments. These are large additional amounts that must be paid after you have been making regular monthly payments for a period of time.
- Don't take out a mortgage based on an assumption that you'll be able to refinance later at a better rate. Interest rates may increase, and a better rate may not be available.
- Beware of prepayment penalties. Some mortgages require you to pay a large penalty, such as six months interest, if you refinance within a certain period of time. Make sure you understand the amount of a possible penalty and the prepayment penalty period.
- Never take out a mortgage based on an oral promise that a term, such as a prepayment penalty or an interest rate increase, will be waived by the lender. All such promises should be part of the written mortgage loan agreement.
If you believe you have been a victim of fraud, please contact the Attorney General's Office in Phoenix at 602.542.5763; in Tucson at 520.628.6504; or outside the Phoenix or Tucson metro areas at 1.800.352.8431. To file a complaint in person, the Attorney General's Office has 19 satellite offices throughout the state with volunteers available to help. Locations and hours of operation are posted on the Attorney General's Website at www.azag.gov. Consumers are also invited to sign up through the Web site to receive consumer advisories from the Attorney General.


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Carnival Cruise Line is the main brand of the cruise giant Carnival Cruise Line Corporation & Plc.
The company was founded in 1972 by Ted Arison and, during the years, it acquires companies such as Holland America Line, Seabourn Cruise Line and, in the late '90s, also the Italian company Costa Cruises. After, also Princess Cruises and the English company P&O became part of the Carnival Cruise Line group. So far, it is the biggest cruise group in the world.
The Carnival Cruise Line ships, characterized by bright colors and remarkable entertaining activities, are divided into 8 classes: Fantasy, Ecstasy, Sensation, Fascination, Imagination, Inspiration, Elation and Paradise, with a total of 24 ships.
Carnival Cruise Line have a privileged position for the cruises to the Caribbean Islands: the embarkation ports with the tropical islands as destination are many. You can leave from Miami, Port Canaveral, Port Charleston, Jacksonville, New Orleans, Houston, Galveston and San Juan to reach the amazing Caribbeans.
The Carnival Cruise Line ships are real amusement parks: the entertaining is curated in every aspect with amazing shows that conquer every guests, even the high-maintenance ones. Aboard also the cuisine is perfect: the ships offer any kind of food variety keeping a high-quality standard even in the simplest dishes.
A significant role is played by the Carnival Cruise Line rates: the company is famous for having accessible prices thanks to the different length of the cruises. There are many mini-cruises that call at the Islands, to make the Caribbean a destination for everyone.
You can taste any kind of food, from sushi to the Italian restaurant and the super famous hamburger by Guy Fieri on Carnival Breeze, the quintessence of the American hamburger.
The fleet is composed of 24 ships, one more beautiful than the other, ready to satisfy any requests. It doesn't matter what itinerary you've chosen: the Carnival ships are already a trip themselves. Dedicate some time to yourself and your family and enjoy the spectacular high-quality entertaining shows, the delicious food, the Spas, the gyms and the thousands of funny activities Carnival Cruise Line have to offer.
Choose the cabin that best fits you! With Carnival Cruise Line, your cruise is low-cost! This company also offers many itineraries and is specializes in the Caribbean Islands: the majority of the ships has the tropical islands as destination. With the variety of embarkation ports, a Carnival Cruise Line cruise offers you a range of options for your holiday on these dream islands. If you want the best, sail off from San Juan and enjoy a cruise all in one go with almost no navigation days! The favored position of this port allows the ship to reach quickly the most beautiful islands, for a cruise that will seem like a dream.
Carnival Cruise Line is a guarantee of the cruises and never lets you down. The staterooms are comfy and furnished with taste and the sparkling spirit of the ships combines with the entertaining programs and the quiet of the wellness areas, creating an explosive mixture that will satisfy all of your needs.
Aboard you will find any kind of entertainment: from the area for children and teenagers to incredible shows at the theater, pools, Spa, water games and much more!
Discover Carnival Freedom, Carnival Sunshine, Carnival Dream and all the other ships: with their strong character and the triumph of colors it is perfect for a cruise at convenient prices
Choose your destination among Caribbean Islands, North America, oceanic cruises.


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Message Board
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Talk about the novels, new and used books that Ackley-McPhail has written!
Author Ackley-McPhail's Book Reviews
Yesterday's Dreams
Maggie knows Quicksilver is more than just a violin. There is power here, as there is in Kara, and she knows she must protect them both from the evil that stalks them from the moment Kara and Quicksilver enter her shop. Maggie knows she must gather her forces for a desperate battle against evil. For it now walks the streets of modern New York in the form of Lucien Blank, and he wants what he senses behind the walls of Yesterday's Dreams, and he wants the...