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Different Types of Legal Adoption Available in Kentucky
There are several different types of adoption to consider when adopting an underage minor in Kentucky. The following list briefly describes the most commonly used methods in your state so that you can begin to understand which form will be the best fit for you and your family.
Adoption through an Agency
This is a form of adoption which involves the placement of an underage minor with assigned adoptive parents through the use of either a public or a private agency in Kentucky. These agencies are always licensed and regulated by both local jurisdictions and the state. Their legal certifications, licenses and related documents should be readily available for all patrons to see.
Those two most common channels for adoption have important organizational distinctions, as well. Differences between the two include:
- Public Agencies. These agencies usually hold minors who have come into custody of the state for several reasons. These may include, but are not limited to: the loss of both parents or the single known parent; abandonment by both parents or the single known parent; and/or abusive households.
- Private Agencies. These agencies are often organized by either charities or other social service organizations, such as those conducted by churches. Most children who end up at private agencies are typically brought to the agency because their parents are willingly giving them up for adoption.
Independent Forms of Adoption
When no agency is involved in the process of the adoption, this is referred to as a private or independent adoption. Most of these types of Kentucky adoptions involve a direct agreement between the adoptive parents and the child's birth parents. Other types of independent adoptions include the use of an intermediary. An intermediary can include:
- An attorney,
- A doctor, or
- A clergyperson.
While not all independent adoptions require the use of an intermediary, most adopting parents will nonetheless employ a qualified attorney who will oversee the legal documents necessary for the arrangement.
It is important to note that not all states allow for independent adoptions. Kentucky, however, is one of the majority that does.
Open Adoptions
Open adoptions are a form of independent adoptions where agreed arrangement involves the ability of the birth parent(s) to maintain a form of contact with the child after birth. This should be arranged in the form of a contract and does not necessarily entail person-to-person contact, though adopting a child from a mother living and giving birth to her child outside of Kentucky may warrant some amount of communication.
Identified Adoptions
Identified adoptions are commonly known as a hybrid form of adoption. They usually involve both sets of parents, who find each other outside of an agency. They then turn to an agency only for the filing process. Identified adoptions are considered hybrids because they involve both independent methods and an agency's support.
Individuals who are looking to adopt can avoid the long waitlists common in Kentucky that agencies usually have by finding a birth parents his or her self. They can nonetheless continue to enjoy the benefits an agency offers. This includes counseling services and years of experience. Further, identified adoptions may be available in states where independent adoptions are otherwise banned.
Adopting Internationally
When an adoptive parent in Kentucky assumes the legal responsibility of a minor who is a citizen of another country, this is known as an international adoption. In order for this process to be successful, the adoptive parent must abide by the rules and regulations of his or her home state as well as the child's home country. Once the procedure has taken place, the parent must obtain a visa for the minor. To obtain the document, the parent must go through the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services.
It is important to understand that there have been recent changes to international adoption practices. Federal regulations have been set in place that restrict the process entirely. Many of these changes have occurred due in part to hidden fees, corruption, and child abduction practices. Want to to learn more about these and other regulations which may affect your international adoption process? Contact an adoption attorney near you who can guide you through the process.
Adoptions Attained by a Stepparent
There are times when a stepparent will want to legally adopt the children his or her spouse had with a previous partner. These types of adoptions are usually less complicated than those handled by agencies. The process can be simple, especially if both of the child's biological parents approve of the arrangement. In the event that one of the child's biological parent is against the arrangement or he or she cannot be located, more legal proceedings will need to be made which require the aid and support of a qualified attorney.
Same-Sex Adoptive Parents
The rules in regard to same-sex adoptive couples can rest on the state where the arrangement will be taking place. In states that recognize same-sex partnerships, same-sex couples can adopt underage children together and one individual can adopt the child of the other. In accordance to the couple's home state, the adoption procedure can be streamlined by following the same procedure a stepparent does, which makes the procedure economical and stress-free.
Relative Adoptions, Also Known As Kinship Adoptions
Many situations arise in a person's life that can require the inability to care for his or her own child. A kinship adoption can happen when a member of the child's family takes on the responsibility of legally caring for that child under Kentucky's understanding of a custodial guardian after the child's parents are legally ordered to cease parental rights. This can happen in a multitude of ways including, but not limited to, the biological parents':
- Drug abuse,
- Mental health issues,
- Imprisonment, and/or
- Death
These types of adoptions are generally easier than non-relative adoption procedures.
Adopting Over Legal Age Persons
Most states allow for an adult to legally adopt another so as long as there is a minimum ten (10) year age difference among the parties, including Kentucky. There is also the need to demonstrate why the arrangement benefits both parties mutually. This can often be done by stepparents who wish to assure their stepchildren's inheritance rights.
Similarly, adults with no absolute relation to the younger individual may also wish to go through this process. There are, however, protections set forth by most states to oversee these arrangements in order to avoid elder financial abuse.
Not sure which type of adoption is best for your family? Talk to an experienced adoption attorney in your state. They know the laws, and they can tell you with first-hand experience what to expect with each different type. They can guide you through the complex process so that nothing gets overlooked.


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U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton reportedly fainted from being dehydrated and suffered an apparent concussion in the incident. NBC's Andrea Mitchell reports.
Updated at 6:45 p.m. ET: Secretary of State Hillary Clinton fainted days ago and suffered a concussion after becoming dehydrated because of a stomach virus, the State Department said Saturday.
"She has been recovering at home and will continue to be monitored regularly by her doctors. At their recommendation, she will continue to work from home next week, staying in regular contact with Department and other officials," the State Department said in a statement.
State Department officials said Clinton, 65, fainted earlier this week, although they would not specify when the incident occurred.
Saturday evening, the State Department issued a statement from Dr. Lisa Bardack of Mount Kisco Medical Group and Dr. Gigi El-Bayoumi of George Washington University:
"Secretary Clinton developed a stomach virus, leading to extreme dehydration, and subsequently fainted. Over the course of this week we evaluated her and ultimately determined she had also sustained a concussion. We recommended that the Secretary continue to rest and avoid any strenuous activity, and strongly advised her to cancel all work events for the coming week. We will continue to monitor her progress as she makes a full recovery."
NBC's chief medical editor Dr. Nancy Snyderman said Clinton's exhausting schedule could have made her susceptible to fainting. Clinton is known for her grueling travel schedule and has earned the distinction of being the secretary of state who has traveled the most.
"If a patient has been logging millions of miles a year and is tired and not eating or drinking the right things in a couple of days, a shift in blood volume can cause fainting," Snyderman said.
This isn't the first time Clinton passed out after having a stomach bug. As a U.S. senator representing New York, Clinton fainted in 2005 during a speech in Buffalo after complaining of a stomach virus.
A history of fainting could indicate underlying heart problems, Snyderman said, specifically "that the heart is not pumping correctly."
"Heart valve or thyroid issues can be more common in older women," Snyderman explained. "The standard protocol would be to have a cardiac workout to make sure her heart rhythm and heart valves are normal. You worry about the heart not beating correctly. That's a very simple thing to check."
She said that given Clinton's past fainting episode, her doctors would likely put her through a cardiac stress test.
The concussion will have doctors "watching her like a hawk," Snyderman said, particularly if Clinton hit the side of her head. If Clinton hit the back of her head, her brain would be better protected, she said.
Clinton canceled a trip to Morocco earlier in the week because she wasn't feeling well. She was scheduled to be in Morocco to officially recognize the Syrian rebels who have been engaged for nearly two years in an armed battle against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's regime.
Kevin Lamarque / Reuters, file
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton came down with a stomach bug earlier this week and fainted, suffering a concussion. Here she is pictured speaking during a news conference at Stormont Castle in Belfast, in Northern Ireland, on Dec. 7.
Due to her health, Clinton will no longer testify at a House Foreign Affairs Committee on Thursday on the attack on a U.S. mission in Libya.
"I am sorry to learn of Secretary Clinton's ill health and I wish her a quick and full recovery. It is, however, unfortunate that Secretary Clinton is unable to testify next week before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on the investigation into the terrorist attack that killed four Americans and left others injured," committee chairwoman Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, R-Fla., said in a statement.
Deputy Secretary William Burns and Deputy Secretary Thomas Nides will provide testimony in Clinton's absence.
"Although I respect Bill and Tom, we still don't have information from the Obama administration on what went so tragically wrong in Benghazi that resulted in the deaths of four patriotic Americans," Ros-Lehtinen said. "We have been combing through classified and unclassified documents and have tough questions about State Department threat assessments and decision-making on Benghazi. This requires a public appearance by the secretary of state herself. Other cabinet secretaries involved should also be held publicly accountable."
More content from NBCNews.com:
- Victims' bodies identified as Connecticut town seeks answers
- After shooting, some Democrats demand action, but prospects unclear
- Hug tweeted 'round the world and floating dogs: the most social stories of 2012
- Same-sex wife of Army officer banned from joining Fort Bragg spouses club
- 6.3-magnitude quake strikes off California coast

subset: commoncrawl


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March 31 was the day.
The last day to enroll in a health insurance plan on the federal and state Obamacare exchanges has officially past.
If you procrastinated, or if you're just wondering what happens next, here's what you need to know.
U.S. & World
What if you didn't sign up by the deadline?
If you live in a state that uses the federal exchange and you haven't signed up by Monday night, not all is lost. An honor-system deadline extension may be available.
If you need extra time, explain that you tried to enroll during the open enrollment period but were not able to finish the process in time. (Initiating the online process before midnight or leaving your number on the phone hotline, for instance, would fulfill this requirement.)
You can also request an extension based on qualifying life events. And some state-run exchanges have also extended the deadline further and have their own sets of rules.
But I didn't even try to sign up. What will happen to me?
If you can't say you tried to get a plan in time and didn't get health insurance by the deadline, you will have to pay a fee of $95 or 1 percent of your annual income — whichever is greater — on next year's tax return.
I signed up for insurance. When will I be covered?
You must apply by April 15 in order to receive coverage starting in May. According to the Department of Health and Human Services, the consumers who are "in line" on the exchanges will still be enrolled, though, provided they pay their first month's premium in time.
What if I can't afford insurance at all?
The penalty for not buying health insurance only applies to people who can afford insurance but don't get it. If you didn't sign up by the deadline because you can't afford health insurance, you won't be charged the fee.
If that's the case, you should call (800) 318-2596 to explore your Medicaid options. If you live in a state that is not expanding Medicaid, you will not have to pay the fee — but you probably won't receive any insurance.
What happens next year?
If you didn't sign up for an insurance plan this year, the enrollment period for next year will start Nov. 15 and continue through Feb. 15, 2015.


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Producer: PPS. Imaging GmbH
Window Sticker no.51 Butterflies Set II
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incl. VAT
Installation Instruction
|The Installation can be easily done by one. We recommend to mount large Window Sticker by twos.
|Your Window Sticker on a white carrier foil covered by a transparent application tape.
|Installation Supplies
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|Handy Hint
|Simply cut off smaller parts of your Window Sticker to stick them separately. ;-)
|Don't pull off application tape before reading the installtion instruction. Make sure your window is clean and free of dirt, dust, silicone, dispersion and latex paint.
Product Description
Window Stickers for joyous views
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Window Stickers made from special window foil
Window Stickers consist of an adhesive foil specifically developed for glass surfaces. When the sun is shining the colours of the stickers appear even more brilliant and create a beautiful ambiance. The foil is transparent so the rooms stay light and friendly. You still can clean your windows with common cleaning agents. If you want to change to a new motif later - no problem. Window Stickers can be removed without leaving any residue.
Window Stickers are usable in many ways
Window Stickers can be applied to all clean and even glass surfaces. Brighten up glass tables, shower cabins or mirrors with your favourite motifs.


text:
(Alexa posted this on her Never In Our Names blog for Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday in 2009. I think it's worth reposting every year.)
For Just One Day
by Alexa
"And also in the human rights revolution, if something isn't done, and done in a hurry, the whole world is doomed."
—Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., "I've Been To The Mountaintop."
For just one day, let there be no progress. Let us not find a new way to convert seemingly worthless pieces of earth into technological slaves that fulfill our every whim. Let us not alter the chemical composition of this substance to turn it into something new, something nature never thought of, that will come back in the fish as a poison lasting millions of years. Let us not bring the fossil fuels up from the ground so that we can burn them, their particles rising into the air to return back to us in rain water. Let us not re-engineer the rice so that we get three crops a year instead of two, but are forever dependent on the manufacturers of the rice seed, because it is a sterile, patented product now. Let us leave Mars to the science fiction writers and give up thoughts of permanent homes on the Moon.
For just one day, let us be something less than what we could be. Let us have something less than what we could have. Let us look at what is possible and say, "no thanks," in favor of what is preferable. Let the moon be for poets who make meaning out of its reflection on a lake. Let all things be as they are born and enjoyed just for that. And may you too be loved and embraced just as you were born, needing no embellishment or proof of your worth. Let how we treat the least among us reveal a societal identity we are proud to claim, one that leaves each of us feeling safe and secure even as we rest in the pure essence of our being.
For just one day, let us not earn our keep. Let us instead be still and listen to the birds sing in the trees, watch the wind blow in the leaves, feel that same breeze against our skin, and smile at how lucky we are to be living on Earth.
Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that. Hate multiplies hate, violence multiplies violence, and toughness multiplies toughness in a descending spiral of destruction….The chain reaction of evil—hate begetting hate, wars producing more wars—must be broken, or we shall be plunged into the dark abyss of annihilation.
Today marks the holiday for Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. who dedicated his life to the freedom and dignity of all people, just as they were born. He was slain by an assasin's bullet, but you still live. There remains a hope that if you dare, if you have the courage and the conviction, you may claim your life as your own and set yourself free.
This is an invitation. Be still and know that you are God, that God is all there is, and that that is good enough.


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Citavi – Reference management – Course 29 September
On Monday, 29 September a public and free training course, in collaboration with the Zentralbibliothek Zurich, will take place from 16.15 to 17.45 about reference management using Citavi.
You will learn, for example:
- To create and edit projects
- Recording printed and digital media manually and automatically
- Navigating and searching in the reference management system
- Creating list of references and publications
The presentation will be in German. No registration necessary.
Venue: Zentralbibliothek Zurich (external link), seminar room B


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Before you start building a house, you'll need an architect onboard to draw up proposed floor plans, but if this sounds like a boring stage of the process, think again! what these dynamic illustrations and renderings show is exactly how your home COULD look and function, so you should be very excited to be a part of this, as it is when the floor plans are in front of you that you can make changes and alter the way your home will operate.
Why not come with us now, as we show you some fantastic floor plans that demonstrated just how useful these drawings are? We've selected a range of properties, so as to let you see that EVERY home can be planned to perfection, from contemporary villas through to simple bungalows.
When you're working with a small amount of space, floor plans are utterly vital, as you can simply tweak the proportions of each space, to ensure that you have the biggest amount of room, where you need it most. You can also start planning things such as the amount of kitchen storage you'll be able to include, which will impact greatly on the manufacturer you purchase from.
You might fancy an open-plan home, but how you can you know, until you see it in front of you! Look at the way the kitchen, dining and living spaces all intertwines here! You would be able to make a more informed decision as to whether a static sofa position, forever, would suit you!
Ever wondered how an integrated garage works with the rest of a home? Wonder no more, as this floor plan shows you! You can see which rooms the garage connects to and, think about how you'd adapt the add-on, should you ever unexpectedly need more room.
Bungalows must be SO much fun to draw and plan, as literally every facet and each room is all on one single level. The 'roof-off' view really gives a great idea of just how usable the house will be and gives an insight into what is most important to teh potential owners as well. Just look at that sociable open-plan central area!
If you're not actually building a new home from scratch, but rather renovating an old or existing property, floor plans will quickly become your most trusted tool and resource. You can dramatically change the interior landscape of a home, but unless you know that it will actually work, you could be heading into disaster, but this snapshot shows that a simple drawing can tell you if you're on the right track or not.
WOW! Let's say you have a fantastic budget to work with and you have always dreamt of owning a penthouse apartment. Well, dream no more, as a floor plan will show you everything that you can enjoy with your money! They can even illustrate how mezzanine floors can be added, to garner as much functionality from a space as possible.
If you know that connecting your home and garden will be of the utmost importance to you, floor plans will give you a great sense of how intrinsic your connection will actually be, before you try to put it in place. Here, we see a home that opens up to a terrace and garden with such ease and, are you loving the singular flooring style? What an inspired way to bring two spaces together!
We always love these detailed 3D rendered floor plans, as they look like tiny little models that you can play with! On a more serious note though, they are a wonderful way to visualise just how spectacular a new home could be. If you want to think about light flow and setting, a plan like this one will give you all the knowledge you need, so you can add windows, raise floor heights or do whatever you need to!
Don't you go thinking that floor plans are only good for simpler styles of homes, as they are just as useful when it comes to designing ultra complex and luxurious homes as well! The secret is to create a layered plan, with each floor treated lile an individual project, so you get a clean cross section of homes, as a whole! Just look at this spectacular villa and you'll see what we mean! And that pool? Wow!
We all know that houses don't have to simply be square or boxy, but the contemporary shapes that are being experimented with right now can be a little hard to picture, unless you have a fabulous floor plan! Look at this project and you'll see what we mean, as any architect would struggle to describe this shape and the layout of each room. In a drawing, however, the entire design just looks phenomenal.
For more dynamic drawings, take a look at this Ideabook: 5 modern houses with their blueprints to inspire you.


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Rhythm on the River from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. tonight and from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. Saturday, July 13, at Rogers Grove Park, 220 S. Hover St., Longmont. The event will feature live music, performances, food and more. Go to ci.longmont.co.us/rotr/index.htm.
Jesters Dinner Theatre, 224 Main St., Longmont, presents "Robin Hood" at 10 a.m. Cost is $3. Go to jesterstheatre.com or call 303-682-9980.
Fun Family Friday is from 10 a.m. to noon at Sandstone Visitor Center, 3001 Colo. Highway 119. Enjoy story time, puppets, crafts and nature. Call 303-651-8404 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
BackStory Theatre Academy presents "The Emperor's New Clothes" at 6 p.m. at the Broomfield Auditorium, 3 Community Park Road, Broomfield. Tickets are $2 at the door. Go backstorytheatre.org.
Stargazing at the Bunyan Observatory starts at dusk at the Little Thompson Valley Pioneer Museum. Stargaze through banker John Bunyan's original 1930s Brashear telescope. Call 970-532-2147 or go to berthoudhistoricalsociety.org/pioneermuseum.htm.
The town of Firestone presents the movie "How to Train Your Dragon" at 8:30 p.m. at Settlers Park, 11445 Ebony St., Firestone. Go to ci.firestone.ci.us.
A Vaccination Clinic for dogs and cats is from 8 a.m. to noon, Saturday, July 13, at the Well Pet Clinic at the Longmont Human Society, 9595 Nelson Road, Longmont. Shots range from $10 to $15. Call 303-651-0610 or email email@example.com.
Wash n' Wag is from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. Saturday, July 13, at Longmont Humane Society, 9595 Nelson Road, Longmont. Services include dog wash for $25, micro-chips for $35 and nail trims for $15. All proceeds go to benefit the animals. Call 303-772-1232 ext. 286 or go to longmonthumane.org.
Free shredding event from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. Saturday, July 13, at the Longmont Waste Diversion Center, 140 Martin St., Longmont. Bring a copy of your Longmont Utility Bill to show you paid the waste management fee. The event is for residential documents only. Call 303-651-8416.
Summertime Celebration Open All Breed Horse Show is from noon to 6 p.m. Saturday, July 13, and from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Sunday, July 14, in the indoor arena at the Boulder County Fairgrounds, 9595 Nelson Road, Longmont. Free admission for spectators. Go to bouldercounty.org.
WOW! Children's Museum, 110 Harrison Ave., Lafayette, is holding the grand opening of the new toddler beach exhibit at 11 a.m. Saturday, July 13. The newest exhibit for 1 to 5 year olds features a space to explore, socialize, and play. Go to wowchildrensmuseum.org.
Public Works Theatre Company presents "Wanda the Wave" at 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. Saturday, July 14, and Sunday, July 15, at the Mary Miller Theatre 300 E. Simpson St., Lafayette. The puppet show depicts Wanda and her relationship with a giant wave that looms over her house. Tickets are $12, $10 for families of five or more. Go to publicworkstheatre.com or email email@example.com.
BackStory Theatre Academy presents "The Little Mermaid" at 6 p.m. Saturday, July 13, at the Broomfield Auditorium, 3 Community Park Road, Broomfield. Tickets are $2 at the door. Go backstorytheatre.org.
Barry Ward performs country-western music at 7 p.m. Saturday, July 13, at Barbed Wire Books, 504 Main St., Longmont. Tickets are $10; they can be purchased at the store or by calling 303-827-3620.
Red Rock Ramblers Square Dancers meet at 7:30 p.m. Saturday, July 13, at the Lyons Elementary gym, 338 High St., Lyons. Spectators are welcome. Contact firstname.lastname@example.com or call 303-823-5925.
"Fiddler on the Roof" starts at 7:30 p.m. Saturday, July 13, at Jesters Dinner Theatre, 224 Main St., Longmont. Showtimes also include 2 p.m. Sunday, July 14, Tickets for dinner and show range from $27 to $35, for show only they are $12 to $20.


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Photographer's Note
It was almost dark with few light, some rays of sun appearing and hiding in the hills, creating a rare atmosphere
Suddenly I felt the sound of horses and have time to capture the scene of them going home (yurt)
Spanish: Alazan
English: Chestnut
French: Alezan
German: Fuchs
Critiques | Translate
ourania (51103) 2013-05-25 12:48
Hola Maria,
I like very much the naturalness of this scene, the sense of movement and the eye contact that make the foreground so attractive and interesting. The background is vast and captivating. Its features and the daily life elements we find there speak of a way of living and a sense of freedom that we can only imagine in the western world. I wonder if you could have cropped a little lower at the top. I love the colours and the early evening atmosphere in this magnificent place. Congratulations and thank you!
All the best, have a lovely weekend,
lousat (126479) 2013-05-25 13:12
Hi Maria,beautiful horses,but the scenery is really spectacular in this magic moment and lights,one of your best pics from your mongolian trip,no doubts.Have a nice Sunday and thanks,Luciano
mesutilgim (0) 2013-05-25 13:17
Hello Maria,
Amazinc capture ! Very good composed.
TFS and have a nice weekend
Hi Maria - I would very much love to travel to Mongolia, and I love seeing these wide, sweeping shots of the land on TE. A nice shot of daily life, and showing the deep connection of the Mongolian people to their horses. I know this was an on the fly shot, but I do wish there were a bit more room at the bottom, as a bit of the hooves does get cut off here.
ikeharel (103321) 2013-05-26 1:47
Hola Maria,
Beautiful scenery of the young man leading three horses through the green pasture. Looking on most of the Mongolia pic. in your gallery, I reckon there are almost no trees on the endless willow.
An inquisitive look you got...
Buen domingo,
Cricri (176) 2013-05-27 9:40
Hola Maria
Une atmosphère paisible de fin de journée couper par le pas des sabots des chevaux, c'est très agréable a entendre, de plus la prise est parfaite, j'aime comme ils entre dans l'image, très jolie présentation
Belle soirée
fabbs99 (17179) 2013-05-27 10:48
Hello Maria,
It is said that the Mongolians love their horses and it looks to be true in this image.Great mixture of light and shadows over the highlands.I also like the gaze of the rider.Very well shot with a lot of dexterity.TFS.
Best Regards
Didi (61587) 2013-05-27 18:21
Bonjour Maria
Une belle scène locale avec un magnifique paysage
Image bien cadrée
On peut dormir dans des Yourtes en France pour 60 la nuit; c'est un peu cher :)
pajaran (98429) 2013-05-27 22:58
Lep pogled na konje i zelenu dolinu ...
Dobar trenuta snimka, kontrast, perspektiva, lepo pokazano mesto i trenutak sa gospodinom sa konjima.
Lepa priroda.
Imajte lep dan, sve najbolje.
Nice view of the horse and the green valley ...
Good currently recording, contrast, perspective, place, and showed nice moment with Mr. with horses.
Beautiful nature.
Have a great day, all the best.
Oceania (5202) 2013-05-28 6:00
Hi Maria,
Reading your note, it more likes a poem.
Not a lot of people visiting Mongolia, thanks for sharing these beautiful pictures.
fabianoleite (13575) 2013-05-28 17:02
Hola, Maria, que escena maravillosa, con la granditud de la planície verde. Excelente, congratulaciones!
abmdsudi (85849) 2013-05-28 21:04
Hi Maria
This would have been a beauty without the horse and they just make it extra special. Beautiful exposure on those beautiful creatures and the rider with the sense of movement, it's just terrific to get the opportunity to see it through your eyes. So well composed and captured in great warm light light and colours turning this peaceful rural scene into a lovely shot. Well done, TFS
Warm regards
Silvio1953 (200024) 2013-05-31 9:05
Ciao Maria, lovely composition with beautiful horses and fantastic landscape, excellent clarity, wonderful natural colors and splendid light, very well done, my friend, have a good week end, ciao Silvio
Miguel82 (43752) 2013-11-04 8:35
Good report from the steppes Maria, huge plains in the bg, that guy is taking care of his horses, nice colors and pov, thanks, good evening, with respect
shreya2000 (2815) 2015-03-18 23:49
Dear Maria,
This is an impressive landscape well taken by you. It looks like a high altitude area.... may be 3000Mtrs above sea level.
Photo Information
- Copyright: Maria Ocampos (nikkitta) (17070)
- Genre: Lugares
- Medium: Cor
- Date Taken: 2011-06-19
- Categories: Vida Diária
- Camera: Nikon Coolpix P7000
- Exposição: f/5.7, 1/500 segundos
- More Photo Info: view
- Versão da Foto: Versão Original
- Tema(s): Horses around the world [view contributor(s)]
- Date Submitted: 2013-05-25 11:53
- To ACL1978: You are quite right (1)
by nikkitta, last updated 2013-05-29 04:40


text:
I've put some pages on the Science section of the Leicester Secular Society website concerning historical chronology. There's a lot more to be done to get it complete and accurate.
One of the problems I find is that there seems to be no consensus about getting the "history" (or is it all just legend) in the bible to correspond with secular chronology. Or is there? Who, if anyone, is a reliable source?
For instance there is a lot of debate about who was the pharaoh at the time of Moses (if Moses ever existed). Ramses II seems to be popular, but others claim Shishak (Shoshenq I) or Thuthmoses III.
Are there actual dates accepted for the Kings of Israel? Saul, David, Solomon, etc?
My efforts start here:
As I say, this is far from complete. Work in progress.


text:
Google will pay a $7 million fine to settle a multistate investigation into the Internet search leader's interception of emails, passwords and other sensitive information sent several years ago over unprotected wireless networks throughout the world.
The agreement announced Tuesday covers 38 states and the District of Columbia.
It closes an inquiry opened in 2010 shortly after Google revealed that company cars taking street-level photos for its online mapping service also had been grabbing personal data transmitted over Wi-Fi networks that had been set up in homes and businesses without requiring a password to gain access.
U.S. & World
The day's top national and international news.
It's the largest penalty that Google Inc. has paid so far in the U.S. for the snooping. News of the penalty leaked out last week.
For full U.S. news coverage, visit NBCNews.com
Google isn't acknowledging any wrongdoing in the settlement and maintained that the collection wasn't illegal because the data was taken from public locations and broadcast by the victims in plain text.
Still, the episode has been embarrassing for the company, and it has repeatedly said it has implemented new procedures to prevent a similar episode.
"We work hard to get privacy right at Google. But in this case we didn't, which is why we quickly tightened up our systems to address the issue," Google said in a statement to NBC News. "The project leaders never wanted this data, and didn't use it or even look at it."
Google agreed to destroy the data as part of the settlement and to launch an employee privacy training program that it must continue for 10 years.


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Bring out the child in you with these unique cones - fun for kids of all ages!
Preparation Time: 20 mins
Extra Time: 1 hr
(for freezing)
Yield: 4 x 1 snow cone servings
Using an ice cream scoop, make 4 balls of watermelon and place them in the freezer on a waxed paper-lined cookie sheet for no more than 1 hour.
Remove from freezer and roll in vanilla yogurt and then lightly coat with sweetened coconut; top with sprinkles or jimmies.
Place in a snow cone cup and enjoy.
* Unsweetened coconut can replace the sweetened, if desired.
For a change, replace snow cone cup with an ice cream cone.
Serving suggestions are not included in the nutritional analysis.


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Now you can sync your Elastic Email contacts with 170+ other business apps!
PieSync's 2-Way Contact Sync solution is now available for Elastic Email users. Keep your email lists always in sync with your CRM and other business apps. Manage subscriptions automatically and make sure your data is always up-to-date.Read more »


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Let�s get exotic here, and talk about tamarind.
Let�s get exotic here, and talk about tamarind. A little-known, ugly fruit that�s native to Asia, its pulp tastes like a combination of dates and lemon, a sweet/sour combination that really wakes up a palate. It�s one of the key ingredients that gives Worcestershire sauce that unique bite.
Although I love the taste of tamarind, it has two major downsides. It�s hard to find around here, and when it does show up on the shelf, it usually is in square bricks of pulp that require a long soak in boiling water, then some vigorous scraping over a strainer to extract the juice. That�s not exactly the kind of time I want to spend when I�m slapping together a dish. So, instead, I usually substitute a mixture of an equal amount of molasses, lime juice and Worcestershire sauce.
However, I probably got a little too excited when I recently snagged a bottle of tamarind syrup off the shelf at Yafa Cafe and Market in Charlotte.
True, tamarind syrup is usually mixed with club soda or sparkling water to make a really tasty drink, but I�m using this bottle for adding a twist to glazes, sauces and desserts. Its sweet tartness works like cranberries to offset roasted chicken or meat, and mixed with a spoonful of mustard, it will bring out the best in pan-fried pork chops. I�m going to experiment with brushing it on strips of bacon and then oven-frying them, too.
Several years ago, we begged to know the ingredients of a tamarind dipping sauce from the bartender at one of our favorite restaurants. The place served the sauce with its avocado egg rolls and the combination was mind-blowing. He scribbled down the ingredients for us, but, given the above mentioned difficulties of tamarind, we squirreled the recipe away. Now, armed with a bottle of promise, we have resurrected the dish, and will enjoy it in honor of the restaurant, which, unfortunately, is long gone. We bake the egg rolls instead of deep-frying them to make things a little healthier and less messy.
Egg Rolls
2 ripe avocados, peeled, pitted and diced
1 Tbs. fresh lime juice
1 cup frozen corn, thawed
2 Tbs. green onion, diced
2 Tbs. cilantro, diced
� tsp. salt
� tsp. cumin
8 egg roll wrappers
2-3 Tbs. grapeseed oil
Tamarind dipping sauce
� cup tamarind syrup
� cup cilantro
� cup cashews, lightly toasted
1 green onion, chopped coarsely
Juice of one lime
For egg rolls
Preheat oven to 425 and coat a baking sheet with cooking spray.
In a bowl, gently stir together the avocado, lime juice, corn, onion, cilantro salt and cumin. Have a small bowl of water at hand to moisten the edges of the egg roll wrappers. Place a wrapper on a sheet of waxed paper, spoon a line of filling horizontally down the middle. Fold the bottom up over the ingredients. Use your fingers to dampen the edges of the folded wrapper. Fold in the two sides, dampen the tops and fold the top of the wrapper over them to make a closed packet. Repeat with other wrappers, place, folded-sides down, on the baking sheet. With a pastry brush, coat them thinly with the grapeseed oil and bake for 8 minutes. Flip the egg rolls over, brush with oil and bake an additional 8 minutes.
While egg rolls are baking, make the dipping sauce by placing all of the ingredients in a blender or food processor. If the sauce is too thick for your tastes, add a little more tamarind syrup or sherry.


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Park Name Honors Berkeley's Sylvia McLaughlin
Santa Monica, CA -- On Friday, September 28 the California State Park and Recreation Commission voted unanimously to rename Eastshore State Park as McLaughlin Eastshore State Park in honor of San Francisco Bay champion Sylvia McLaughlin.
Citizens for East Shore Parks, the nonprofit organization instrumental in establishing the Eastshore State Park, spearheaded the campaign to rename the park after Sylvia McLaughlin.
McLaughlin, the Sierra Club, and CESP led the charge to create Eastshore State Park, which runs 8.5 miles along the East Bay shoreline. The Park was established on December 6, 2002.
Sylvia McLaughlin, a Berkeley resident now in her ninth decade, is the co-founder of CESP and Save San Francisco Bay Association (Save the Bay). Thanks to McLaughlin and hundreds of other activists, San Francisco Bay is now 40,000 acres larger than it was in 1961. More than half of it is ringed with public trails connecting a series of shoreline parks. An environmental activist all her life - Sylvia also helped establish the Bay Conservation and Development Commission the first coastal protection agency in the U.S. and climbed a tree at the age of 90 in an effort to save a grove of oaks from a proposed UC development.


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August 15, 2012
Fairfax resident Larry Brooks, of the Brothers' Rods Car Club, proudly displays his 1941 Willis Ford.
Stories this photo appears in:
Clifton Car Show on Labor Day, Sept. 3, 2012
Featuring street rods, custom and antique cars, muscle and classic cars, and motorcycles, the 13th Annual Labor Day Car Show is Monday, Sept. 3, 2012 from 8 a.m.-3 p.m., in Clifton.
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Welcome to the School of Humanities
Whether you are a visitor to Rice, or a past, current or future Rice student, or a member of our faculty and staff, this site is your guide to the humanities at Rice.
Faculty at Rice pursue research, teaching, and service. As a research university, Rice's mission is to create new knowledge. Faculty in the School of Humanities create new knowledge in the form of books, articles, artworks, and more. We disseminate that knowledge by publishing or exhibiting our work.
The School of Humanities at Rice University is a top liberal arts college rolled into a research university. Its small scale, combined with its research focus, brings advantages to both the undergraduates and to the graduate students in its five PhD-granting departments.
Want to catch an art exhibition, listen to a scholar of great renown give a talk, or see a play? Look here for short- and long-term events and milestones. Check our events calendar for what to do tonight.
Your support will help Rice students to think on a global scale from hands-on research and professional development to international travel opportunities.
How should universities confront and redress histories of racism on campus? When and where should monuments go, and what lessons can history offer now and in the future?


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(c) Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield MA. All rights reserved.
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Ellen Miller and Margaret Whiting of Deerfield, Massachusetts, created the designs for the Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework then gave the pattern, threads, and linen to women in Deerfield to execute. The work was carefully monitored and only when a completed piece of embroidery met with the approval of Ellen Miller or Margaret Whiting could the Society's trademark, a "D" within a flax wheel, be stitched on.
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I live off American Pacific closer to the 215, but I hit the 95/515 on the way to work. We're very very close. :-D
Dude! I think you might live right next to me! I'm at Russel and the 515, where are you?
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20 CFR § 422.440 - What are your employer's responsibilities under an administrative wage garnishment order?
(a) When withholding must begin. Your employer must withhold the appropriate amount from your disposable pay on each payday beginning on the first payday after receiving the garnishment order issued under this section. If the first payday is within 10 days after your employer receives the order, then your employer must begin withholding on the first or second payday after your employer receives the order. Withholding must continue until we notify your employer to stop withholding.
(b) Payment of amounts withheld. Your employer must promptly pay to us all amounts withheld under this section.
(c) Other assignments or allotments of pay. Your employer cannot honor an assignment or allotment of your pay to the extent that it would interfere with or prevent withholding under this section, unless the assignment or allotment is made under a family support judgement or order.
(d) Effect of withholding on employer pay and disbursement cycles. Your employer will not be required to vary its normal pay and disbursement cycles in order to comply with the garnishment order.
(e) When withholding ends. When we have fully recovered the amounts you owe, including interest, penalties, and administrative costs that we charge you as allowed by law, we will tell your employer to stop withholding from your disposable pay. As an added precaution, we will review our debtors' accounts at least annually to ensure that withholding has been terminated for accounts paid in full.
(f) Certain actions by an employer against you are prohibited. Federal law prohibits an employer from using a garnishment order issued under this section as the basis for discharging you from employment, refusing to employ you, or taking disciplinary action against you. If your employer violates this prohibition, you may file a civil action against your employer in a Federal or State court of competent jurisdiction.


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For a new view of the world
The EXILIM
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EXILIM Engine HSThe heart of the
HDR functionPress the shutter release button, and the HDR function creates multiple shots with different lighting, and combines these into a brilliant single photo with high contrast depth. With this function, both light and dark surfaces are evenly accentuated, whereas areas that are too bright or too dark are attenuated. This innovative technology is made possible by means of the new EXILIM Engine HS with high-speed recording and the "High-Sensitivity CMOS Sensor" with 12.1 megapixels.
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HDR ART functionWhy not see the world through different eyes for a change? The HDR Art function makes this possible; it creates artistic photos that are completely different to conventional ones. For small works of art, the HDR Art technology simply combines shots with different lighting, performs a precise image analysis and adjusts the contrast and colour saturation at the appropriate points. This makes for unique effects that would otherwise only be possible with special software — and all by simply pressing the shutter release button.
28 mm wide-angle lensWhether for landscape photos, tourist sights or group pictures in confined spaces: the 28 mm wide-angle lens* makes the
*equivalent to 35 film
7x optical zoom with mechanical image stabiliserIt's easy to zoom in on those special moments: The 7x optical zoom can bring even the most distant subjects right up close, while the mechanical image stabiliser automatically reduces blurring. You can also use the 7x optical zoom during film recording — a highly sophisticated feature. The
12.1 megapixelsThe high-sensitivity CMOS sensor in the
Full HD videos and HDMI connectionFilm your videos in full High Definition quality*! Thanks to the
*Max. recording length of 29 minutes/video.
Multi Frame SR ZoomThe 7x optical zoom allows for shots that are extremely accurate in every detail. By using the Multi Frame SR Zoom, which combines multiple shots into a single sharp, clear photo, the zoom area can be doubled once again. This means the
High-speed Movie RecordingThe
Panorama functionExpand your field of vision and discover new perspectives. Whether it's a magnificent panorama of the Alps, a group photo of whatever kind, or an exciting urban scene — the panorama function of the
High-speed Best SelectionTo ensure that you capture the perfect moment, the
High-sensitivity CMOS sensorDark rooms, twilight or poor lighting conditions? You can still take outstanding photos! The EXILIM
Lag CorrectionUsers need never again waste valuable seconds — the natural delay between recognizing the motif and actually taking the picture with the camera is now a thing of the past: thanks to Lag Correction, the
Face detection functionWhether on holiday, at a party or with the family, people are an especially popular subject for photos. It is a shame then, when their faces are blurred. Practical: The face detection function recognises individual faces or even entire groups and automatically determines the best possible setting.
Lighting functionThe
Different BEST SHOT High-speed Burst Shooting recording programsWhether they're tearing around the playground, doing tricks or taking part in sporting events, children, animals and sportspeople are still ideal subjects for photos. But what is the best setting? Six new BEST SHOT High-speed Burst Shooting recording modes now make photographing that perfect moment child's play. Simply select a BEST SHOT High-speed Burst Shooting recording mode, press the shutter release button and the optimum number of photos, speed and pre-record shots are automatically configured.
High-speed Anti ShakeThe BEST SHOT high-speed anti-shake function uses High-speed Continuous Shooting to the max for clearer images. The positions of consecutive photos are automatically combined to form one optimised photo. This means that even telephoto shots, which tend to be blurred due to hand movement, are clear and sharp.
High-speed Night SceneHigh-speed Night Scene uses High-speed Continuous Shooting to the max for clearer images at dawn and poor lighting conditions. The positions of consecutive photos are automatically combined to form one optimised photo. The danger of blurred photos is reduced when taking photos at night, even without using a tripod.
Pre-record modeWith the
High-speed Continuous ShootingWith the ability to take up to 30 photos per second, the
Advanced Auto Tracking AF FunctionDogs running, kids jumping around, moving cars - there are countless examples of moving subjects, which can try the patience of even professional photographers. Thanks to the Auto Tracking AF function with motion analysis, you can relax and concentrate on the overall subject. Press the release button half way down, to fix the focus for saving – as soon as you see the picture you want, simply press release!
Various flash functionsYou can adapt the flash on the EXILIM
- Red eye reduction: reduces the effect of "red eye"
- Auto: Flash is automatically activated when required
- On: Flash always on
- Off: Flash always off.
Memory card slotThe
* Eye-Fi Wireless compatible
Extremely bright, large 7.6 cm TFT colour display (super clear LCD)The
YouTube™ ReadyIt has never been easier to upload your videos to YouTube™. Thanks to the
*Max. recording length 15 minutes/video
**To upload your videos, you need an Internet connection. This may entail additional costs.


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Jeremy Reeves Skater Profile
Sponsors: City Skateboards, Nike SB, Pig Wheels, Venture, Lucky, Unified
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Our handmade British sofas, beds and chairs can be upholstered in any fabric in the world. Choose your shape and select your fabric or contact your nearest showroom to book a free interior design consultation and see our full fabric collection.
"Our showroom visit was impressive. We were welcomed, given cups of tea, advice when we wanted it but left alone to try, feel, sit on and sift through samples. We loved the choices available and were able to translate our requirements into reality."
Mrs V Howse Leeds


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Relationship between haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume in cattle blood samples
Paa-Kobina TurksonI; Ebenezer Y. GanyoII
IDepartment of Animal Science, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
IIDepartment of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
A convention that has been adopted in medicine is to estimate haemoglobin (HB) concentration as a third of packed cell volume (PCV) or vice versa. The present research set out to determine whether a proportional relationship exists between PCV and Hb concentration in cattle blood samples, and to assess the validity of the convention of estimating Hb concentration as a third of PCV. A total of 440 cattle in Ghana from four breeds (Ndama, 110; West African Short Horn, 110; Zebu, 110 and Sanga, 110) were bled for haematological analysis, specifically packed cell volume, using the microhaematocrit technique and haemoglobin concentration using the cyanmethaemoglobin method. Means, standard deviations, standard errors of mean and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Trendline analyses generated linear regression equations from scatterplots. For all the cattle, a significant and consistent relationship (r= 0.74) was found between Hb concentration and PCV (%). This was expressed as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.28 PCV + 3.11. When the Hb concentration was estimated by calculating it as a third of PCV, the relationship was expressed in linear regression as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.83 calculated Hb + 3.11. The difference in the means of determined (12.2 g/dL) and calculated (10.9 g/dL) Hb concentrations for all cattle was significant (p < 0.001), whereas the difference in the means of determined Hb and corrected calculated Hb was not significant. In conclusion, a simplified relationship of Hb (g/dL) = (0.3 PCV) + 3 may provide a better estimate of Hb concentration from the PCV of cattle.
Determining blood parameters is helpful in assessing the health status of animals. Common diseases in the tropics may lead to anaemia, examples of which include: helminthosis/helminthiasis, trypanosomosis, and tick-burden and tick-borne infections such as babesiosis and anaplasmosis. Measurement of anaemia is said to give a reliable indication of the disease status and production performance of trypanosome-infected animals (Nwoha & Anene 2011). Laboratory diagnosis of anaemia is based on the haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, the number of red blood cells and the haematocrit or packed cell volume (PCV) values (Aiello 1998). Anaemia is most simply and reliably estimated by measuring PCV percent using the haematocrit method, whilst determining the Hb concentration gives accurate information on the type of anaemia (Murray et al. 1983). Quinto et al. (2006) noted that measurement of haematocrit is easy and can be performed in most rural settings where methods of Hb concentration determination are unavailable, and rough estimates are made using observed PCV values, which is a much simpler and cheaper approach. In rural African human medicine clinical practices, haematocrit (PCV) values are commonly used because they are easy and cheaper to perform using manual techniques (Quinto et al. 2006). The same reason may hold true for use in veterinary practice. Haemoglobin concentration is measured using the cyanmethaemoglobin method, which is slightly more complex and more time consuming than the haematocrit method and is also less commonly used in laboratory investigation in animals (Murray et al. 1983).
A convention has been adopted in medical laboratory practice in estimating Hb concentration as a third of PCV or vice versa (Bain & Bates 2001). A similar conversion factor is used in veterinary laboratory practice (Jerry Oddoye [Accra Veterinary Investigation Laboratory] pers. comm., n.d.); however, there is hardly any information on the validity of this commonly used relationship between Hb concentration and PCV in veterinary medical practice.
The aims of the present study were: (1) to determine whether or not a proportional relationship exists between PCV and Hb concentration in cattle blood samples and (2) to assess the validity of the convention of estimating Hb concentration as a third of PCV. It was hoped that these would help to provide information that is relevant for fieldwork and clinical diagnosis.
]]> Materials and methods
A total of 440 cattle in Ghana from four breeds (Ndama, 110; West African Short Horn, 110; Zebu, 110 and Sanga, 110), that were randomly selected, were bled for haematological analysis as part of a larger study on trypanotolerance. Cattle less than 1 year old were classified as calves, those between 1 year and 3 years as young, and those older than 3 years were classified as adults.
Packed cell volume determination
Packed cell volume, which is a measure of the proportion of the volume of the whole blood that is occupied by red blood cells, was determined by the microhaematocrit centrifugation technique (Jain 1986). Blood in a sample vacutainer tube was mixed by gently inverting the tube about 20 times. The blood was drawn three quarters of the way up a 75 mm x 1.0 mm microhaematocrit capillary tube. Blood was wiped off the tip of the capillary tube, and the end of the capillary tube was carefully plugged with plasticine. The capillary tube was placed, with the closed end outwards, in a microhaematocrit centrifuge (Hawksley & Sons Limited, England) and spun at 12 000 rpm for 5 min. The capillary tube was removed from the centrifuge, placed on a haematocrit reader and the PCV was recorded.
Haemoglobin concentration determination
Haemoglobin concentration was measured spectrophotometrically by the cyanmethaemoglobin method (Jain 1986) by an experienced veterinary laboratory technologist in the National Veterinary Investigation Laboratory, Accra. Blood in a sample vacutainer tube was mixed gently by inverting about 20 times. Twenty microlitres of blood was added to 5 mL of Drabkin's solution (containing potassium ferricyanide and potassium cyanide) in a test tube. In the Drabkin's solution, the red blood cells were haemolysed and the haemoglobin was oxidised by the ferricyanide to methaemoglobin. The cyanide then converted the methaemoglobin to stable cyanmethaemoglobin. The mixture was allowed to stand for 15 min. After that, 1 mL of the mixture was pipetted into a cuvette. The cuvette was placed in a spectrophotometer (Jenway, England, Model: Genova MK3) set at 540 nm, and the absorbance of the cyanmethaemoglobin solution was read after zeroing the spectrophotometer using neutral Drabkin's solution. The haemoglobin concentration of the blood sample was calculated by dividing the absorbance value by the slope obtained from a calibration graph. To obtain the calibration graph, a standard blood sample (of known haemoglobin concentration) was diluted with Drabkin's solution: 5 in 0; 4 in 1; 3 in 2; 2 in 3 and 1 in 4. The absorbance of each of the five solutions was read in the spectrophotometer after the spectrophotometer was zeroed using neutral Drabkin's solution. A graph of absorbance for each of the five solutions was plotted against the corresponding haemoglobin concentration, and the slope of the graph was determined. The haemoglobin concentration of each of the five solutions was obtained by multiplying the proportion of standard haemoglobin in that solution with the haemoglobin concentration value of the standard.
Statistical analysis
Means, standard deviations (s.d.), standard errors (s.e.) of mean and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using standard formulae. Differences in the means of the determined and calculated Hb concentration values were tested using a two-tailed paired sample test in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, USA).
Scatterplots were drawn using Microsoft Office Excel (version 2007, Microsoft, USA) matching determined Hb concentration with PCV, and determined Hb concentration with calculated Hb values (one third of PCV). Linear regression models were estimated to evaluate the relationship between PCV, determined Hb and calculated Hb values. Trendline analyses were used to generate the linear regression equations. To avoid the possibility of bias, separate regressions were performed on the basis of breed, age or sex. The significance of the correlation coefficient for the linear regression equations was tested using the formula suggested by Smillie (1966) and Varkevisser, Pathmanathan and Brownlee (1991) as follows:
]]> where t = significance value; r = coefficient of correlation; n = number of samples.
Bland and Altman (1999) argued that since two methods designed to measure the same thing are bound to give a positive linear regression, the most useful comparison is to plot the difference between the measures against the mean of the two measures. This method was used when comparing determined Hb (g/dL) and calculated Hb (derived as PCV divided by a factor of three) before and after correction using the linear regression equation for all cattle. The differences between the determined and calculated Hb concentration values and the mean of the measurements [i.e. (determined Hb + calculated Hb)/2)] were calculated for each individual and used in a scatterplot. The plot of difference against mean allows for the investigation of any possible relationship between discrepancies and the true value (Bland & Altman 1999). The means and s.d. of the differences between Hb determined and calculated Hb values, on the one hand, and determined Hb and corrected calculated Hb concentration values, on the other hand, were calculated; 95% limits of agreement were computed as mean of difference ± 1.96 s.d. (Bland & Altman 1999). The 95% limits of agreement provided an interval within which 95% of the differences between measurements by the two methods were expected to lie (Bland & Altman 1999).
Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rs) was calculated, in Microsoft Excel, for the relationship between determined Hb and calculated Hb concentration, and also between the absolute differences and averages for individual samples, the latter as recommended by Bland and Altman (1999).
Table 1 presents haematological values (PCV, determined and calculated Hb concentration values) and linear regression parameters for determined Hb versus PCV, and determined Hb concentration versus calculated Hb for all the cattle, and also on the basis of breed, sex and age.
The proportion of samples for which determined Hb concentration was higher than calculated Hb concentration was 86.1% (379/440) and was significant (p < 0.05). After correction using the regression equation for all cattle, the proportion of samples for which determined Hb concentration was higher than calculated Hb concentration dropped to 46.4%. The difference in the means of determined (12.2 g/dL) and calculated (10.9 g/dL) Hb concentrations for all cattle was significant (p < 0.001), whereas the difference in the means of determined Hb and corrected calculated Hb concentrations was not significant (p > 0.05).
The mean (± s.d.) of differences between determined and calculated Hb concentration values was 1.24 ± 1.29 (range: -3.56-7.25; lower 95% limit of agreement was -1.28; upper 95% limit of agreement was 3.76). The mean (± s.d.) of differences between determined and corrected calculated Hb concentration values was 0.00 ± 1.25 (range: -4.61-5.63; lower 95% limit of agreement -2.46; upper 95% limit of agreement 2.46).
Spearman's rank correlation coefficient for the relationship between determined Hb and calculated Hb concentrations, (rs = 0.73) was significantly different from one (p < 0.001, degrees of freedom [df] = 438), whilst that for the relationship between absolute differences and averages of determined and calculated Hb concentration (rs = 0.18) was barely significant at 5% significance level, but not at 1%.
Figures 1 and 2 show scatterplots of the determined Hb concentration versus PCV and the determined Hb versus calculated Hb concentrations, respectively. Figures 3 and 4 show scatterplots of the differences versus averages for the determined and calculated Hb concentrations (with a solid line marking the mean of 1.24) and differences versus averages for the determined and corrected calculated Hb concentration (with a solid line marking the mean of 0.0), respectively.]]>
For all of the cattle, a significant and consistent relationship was found between Hb concentration and PCV (%). This was expressed as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.28 PCV + 3.11. When the Hb concentration was estimated as a third of PCV, the relationship was expressed as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.83 calculated Hb + 3.11 (Table 1). The findings are indicative of the potential magnitude of the problem of using the convention of estimating Hb concentrations (g/dL) as a third of PCV values (%). The results show a consistent and significant bias (underestimation) of calculated Hb concentration compared to measured Hb (determined Hb in the present study) (Table 1). The differences between the means were also significantly different (p < 0.05) and cut across breed, sex and age categories (Table 1).
In a study on humans, Carneiro et al. (2007) found that Hb concentration measurements were lower than the values obtained from PCV/3. In contrast, the present study found that 86% of the Hb concentration values obtained by the cyanmethaemoglobin method were higher than the Hb concentrations estimated as a third of PCV. In effect, whereas in their study there was a likelihood of overestimation, in the present study the result was underestimation, which could affect clinical treatment plans.
Linear regression analysis was employed to determine whether the relationship between PCV and Hb concentration differed on the basis of breed, sex and age categories of the cattle. The individual slopes within breed, sex and age categories did not differ significantly, except possibly for calves. These results may imply that a simplified relationship of Hb (g/dL) = 0.3 PCV + 3 may provide a more reasonable and better estimate of Hb concentration from the PCV of cattle. In cattle, the convention of estimating the Hb concentration as a third of PCV would need modifying to be a third of PCV + 3.]]> The convention or standard of estimating Hb has been used extensively in medicine to estimate the prevalence of anaemia (Carneiro et al. 2007; Quinto et al. 2006; Rodriquez-Morales et al. 2007; World Health Organization [WHO] 1968). Recently, the convention was recommended for birds in eight orders (Velguth, Payton & Hoover 2010). Quinto et al. (2006) noted that although Hb and haematocrit (PCV) are closely related, the usual transformation of three times the haemoglobin (g/dL) equals the PCV is inaccurate. The present findings support the reports from studies in human medicine that Hb concentration levels could not be derived from PCV values with an acceptable accuracy using the general rule of dividing by three (Carneiro et al. 2007; Quinto et al. 2006; Rodriquez-Morales et al.2007). These studies also showed that the relationship between Hb concentration and PCV was not exactly three and could be affected by factors such as sex and age in humans.
The relationship between PCV and Hb is expressed in the Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) (Quinto et al. 2006). This is an indicator of the concentration of Hb per unit volume of red blood cell expressed in g/dL as [(Hb X 100)/PCV] and is more accurate than mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) (Aiello 1998). Therefore, any estimation of Hb concentration from PCV that is unreliable or invalid would affect the calculation of MCHC so that clinical decisions made on the basis of MCHC may not be appropriate.
In conclusion, a simplified relationship of Hb (g/dL) = (0.3 PCV) + 3 may provide a better estimate of Hb concentration from the PCV of cattle. It is, therefore, recommended that if it is necessary to estimate Hb concentration from PCV value, then the simplified relationship may be more appropriate to use.
Thanks to Jerry Oddoye and Abdulai Munkaila of the Veterinary Investigation Laboratories of the Veterinary Services Directorate Ghana for their technical assistance. The help received from the managers of the cattle herds at sampling sites is appreciated.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationship(s) that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.
Authors' contributions
P-K.T. (University of Cape Coast) developed the concept, analysed data and wrote the article. E.Y.G. (University of Cape Coast) was involved in the collection of field samples, analysis of samples and contributed to the write up and review of the article.]]>
Aiello, S. (ed.), 1998, Merck Veterinary Manual, 8th edn., Merck and Co Inc., Whitehouse Junction. [ Links ]
Bain, B.J. & Bates, I., 2001, 'Basic haematological techniques', in S.M. Lewis, B.J. Bain & I. Bates (eds.), Practical Haematology, 9th edn., pp. 19-46, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh. [ Links ]
Bland, J.M. & Altman, D.G., 1999, 'Measuring agreement in method comparison studies', Statistical Methods in Medical Research 8, 135-160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/096228099673819272 [ Links ]
Carneiro, I.A., Drakeley, C.J., Owusu-Agyei, S., Mmbando, B. & Chandramohan, D., 2007, 'Haemoglobin and haematocrit: Is the threefold conversion valid for assessing anaemia in malaria-endemic settings?', Malaria Journal 6, 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-67 [ Links ]
Jain, N.C., 1986, Schalm's Veterinary Hematology, 4th edn., Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia. [ Links ]]]>
Murray, M., Trail, J.C.M, Turner, D.A. & Wissocq, Y., 1983, Livestock Productivity and Trypanotolerance, Network Training Manual, International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa. [ Links ]
Nwoha, R.I.O. & Anene, B.M., 2011, 'Changes in packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentrations in dogs with single and conjunct experimental infections of Trypanosoma brucei and Ancylostoma caninum', Phillipine Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 37(20), 151-158. [ Links ]
Quinto, L., Aponte, J.J., Menendez, C., Sacarlal, J., Aide, P., Espasa, M., et al., 2006, 'Relationship between haemoglobin and haematocrit in the definition of anaemia', Tropical Medicine and International Health 11, 1295-1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01679.x [ Links ]
Rodríguez-Morales, A.J., Sánchez, E., Arria, M., Vargas, M., Piccolo, C., Colina, R., et al., 2007, 'Haemoglobin and haematocrit: The threefold conversion is also non-valid for assessing anaemia in Plasmodium vivax malaria-endemic settings', Malaria Journal 6, 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-166 [ Links ]
Smillie, K.W., 1966, An Introduction to Regression and Correlation, Academic Press, London. [ Links ]
Varkevisser, C.M., Pathmanathan, I. & Brownlee, A., 1991, Designing and conducting health systems research projects. Part II. Data analysis and report writing, pp. 127-128, HSR Training Series, IDRC and WHO, Geneva. [ Links ]]]>
Velguth, K.E., Payton, P.E. & Hoover, J.P., 2010, 'Relationship of haemoglobin concentration to packed cell volume in avian blood samples', Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 24(2), 115-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1647/2008-042.1 [ Links ]
World Health Organization (WHO), 1968, Nutritional anaemias: Report of a WHO Scientific Group, World Health Organization, Geneva. [ Links ]
Paa-Kobina Turkson
Department of Animal Science
University of Cape Coast
Private Mail Bag ]]> University Post Office
Cape Coast
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Received: 13 Aug. 2014
Accepted: 20 Oct. 2014
Published: 27 Feb. 2015


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Luis Bollo's Guide to Spanish Food and Ingredients in NYC
Locals' guides to New York neighborhoods.
When we think of Spanish food, we spend a lot of time stuck in the past: traditional preparations, classic dishes, and timeless flavors are king. But Basque chef Luis Bollo feels differently. Arguably the first chef to bring modernist Spanish cuisine to New York with his innovative pioneer restaurant, Meigas, Bollo was a little ahead of the curve, and the restaurant relocated to Connecticut after just two years despite critical acclaim. In 2011, he brought Basque Country back to the city with Salinas, which revives classic dishes by infusing them with modern technique. "Tradition is the star," Bollo says, "but we need to show that we can evolve."
Whether he's searching for fresh fish to dry and salt himself, or wants to sit down to tortilla espanola the way his grandmother used to make it, here are the places Luis goes for a taste of San Sebastian.
Spanish ingredients
There's not a lot of Spanish stores. There's one where you can find almost everything, and a few where you can find a few things. The only store in New York that's really Spanish is Despaña. It's a company where you can find many different Spanish products, including dried cured meats, any kind of spice like pimenton, saffron, all kinds of paprika, and the high-end canned products we use in Spanish cooking like anchovies, boquerones, tuna, etc. They have the canned products from my home town of San Sebastian, the same companies I used to buy at home. They've been making their own chorizo for over a decade, and they have lots of different ones, like sobrasada, a soft Spanish chorizo that comes from Mallorca (but they make their own) and txitorra, a fresh sausage that you normally cook a la plancha, so it's juicy on the inside and crispy on the outside.
Fairway has a good selection of olives. I can't find every kind of olive all the time, but they often have Gordal and Empeltre olives. I do a lot of my cooking with those black Empeltres; they're good for tapenades.
What's New On Serious Eats
Murray's Cheese has a great variety of Spanish cheeses like Garrotxa and Monte Enebro, which are soft Spanish cheeses. They sell a good amount of these, and keep them in a controlled environment so they don't dry out.
Across the street from Salinas there's an F. Rozzo & Sons fish market. They sell fresh seafood every day, and I go every day, the same way I would in a Spanish fish market, to see what's good. We make our own bacalao (a dried codfish often used for stuffing), so I buy the best fresh black or white codfish from them and salt it myself. They also have great whiting, which we call merluza: it's the king of fishes in Spain, and they have it there almost every day. They have all the Mediterranean fishes like branzino, the tuna that you'd find in Southern Spain, langoustines, etc. They're very nice people, and they allow me to go check on what I like. They know that I know about food, and that I'm Basque—we eat a lot of seafood.
Tinto Fino is a shop that specializes in Spanish wine; they have wine from all regions of Spain. Wines from Rioja, anywhere—whatever you want.
Socarrat is doing the best job. They recently opened a third location. Lolo (the founder) has been focusing on paella and almost nothing else. Even though he's just doing one thing, he makes a different preparation for every different paella. He buys the right rice: bomba and calasparra. He cooks it right, with the finest seafood and Spanish products. It's always on-point.
There are so many places, but Chef Andy Nusser at Casa Mono has really elevated tapas to a culinary category. Before them, tapas were something of the past. Casa Mono's tapas are influenced by all over, not just from Spain, with notes from Northern Africa and other areas. They have a croquette with goat cheese that I tried last time, and really liked. It's simple, consistent, high-quality, and creative.
Tortilla Espanola
I've tried different tortillas in the city, but the tortilla at Boqueria is classic, with a high content of potato and a small amount of egg, and it's very consistent. There are people who like a different ratio of potato, onion, and egg, but this is the way my grandma used to cook it.
Papas Bravas
Tía Pol does a fabulous job with their papas bravas. The sauce is good, and they make them the way I like, with the sauce mixed in rather than on top, so you get a lot of flavor.
The best I've tried wasn't at a Spanish restaurant; it was at Mercadito, which is Mexican. They have two kinds, but I love the one with goat cheese and caramel. It's experimental, and flan is the kind of dessert where you can do that.
Café Con Leche
I love Prodigy Coffee. Uou can have a café con leche there even though it's not on the menu. Their espresso is also really good.
Casual Dining
The owner of Txikito worked for me when I opened Meigas in 2000, and I have a lot of confidence in him. He cooks Basque cuisine in a very casual way, with high quality ingredients. It's creative comfort food.
Traditional Dining
El Pote serves Castillian cuisine. Their sopa de ajo (garlic soup), paella, rack of lamb, fideos, and octopus cooked Galican-style are all very good. They keep the way of cooking the same way it used to be. I go when I want to get the authentic, old-fashioned flavors. The chef/owner has been there a long time, over thirty years, and cooks the same food right every day.
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A week ago, I traveled to Virginia on what I hope becomes an annual tradition - a deer hunting trip in the mountains and farm land of Virginia. I find that many people think me to be nuts! I understand that my personality would render such a conclusion but they seem to feel that the idea of killing a deer is barbaric - is crass beyond belief. After all, I have no need to take the life of such cute animals. I can go to the super market and buy the meat I need to feed my family.
Updated 11-29-2014 at 08:58 AM by Bruce
I was wondering, have we moved to a society that no longer values reading? So many I meet seem surprised that I read 15-20 books a year... Have we become so dependent on media stimulation that reading is becoming obsolete?
I pick up a book and one of things that thrill me about reading is that I get to use my imagination to conjure the idea the author is trying to present. I mean, in video or sound, the idea is conveyed in almost instant information. The brain reacts to the observed
Back in the stone ages when Uwe and I were kids, our parents were busy making a living and left us to find a way to occupy ourselves. We were not entertained by parents or teachers. No, we made our own games and entertainment. For sure, some of these led to unexpected consequences because we did things that were .. well let's just say they were not the "most astute and proper" activities one should pursue. But fun? You bet.
We also were not dependent on mom and dad


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David C. Innes
Judging by the low voter turnout in American elections—even in a presidential election year—some people just aren't that into politics. But for a Christian, politics is not a choice; it's an obligation, even if it is not always a passion.
Politics is not just one subject among many, which one may take up with interest or lay aside with indifference or perhaps distaste. God is political, and so the godly must also be political and demonstrate to the world what the beauty of holiness looks like in political life.
God made all things, and so he is king over all his creation. He is not just "like" a king; he literally rules, and with absolute authority. It is no surprise, then, that we find political language throughout the Bible to describe, as the Shorter Catechism puts it, "what man is to believe concerning God, and what duty God requires of man."
The Fall was an act of rebellion against God's divine government. Graeme Goldsworthy calls it "man's unilateral declaration of independence." In reconciling us to himself, God chose a nation, Israel, brought that nation into a covenant that resembled a suzerain treaty, and gave it a law. He was Israel's king. Eventually he gave his people a human king, but one who foreshadowed the Redeemer-King, who would bring them peace and make them once again willing subjects of his righteous rule. This Redeemer, the son of royal David, came preaching "the kingdom of God" (Mark 1:14–15), which the apostle Paul preached as the gospel (Acts 28:31). In the book of Revelation, God presents this Savior, Jesus, as King of kings and Lord of lords, judging the nations in righteousness and bringing in his New Jerusalem.
Divine government does not invalidate earthly government or deny its importance. As we eagerly await the full manifestation of the kingdom of God, praying, "Thy kingdom come," we live under human government that God has appointed for our good (Rom. 13:4). Government is important to God because our good is important to him. So government should be important to us.
The governments that God establishes come in all shapes and sizes: monarchies and democracies, cruel tyrannies and free republics. But regardless of the form of government or how it came to power, God calls us to obey our government (provided that it does not require us to sin—Acts 5:29) precisely because he has appointed it as his "minister" for our good.
Obedience, or good citizenship, in a republic like ours involves political participation. Free government is, as Abraham Lincoln phrased it, "of the people, by the people, and for the people." It is authorized by the people and operated for the benefit of the people, but it also functions properly only when the people participate in its operations. That can mean petitioning the government, expressing one's views on matters of public concern, or even running for elected office. At the very least, citizens of a republic have a moral obligation to vote when called upon to do so.
Voting is an act of government. By it, citizens select officers of the public trust and steer the country in one policy direction or another. If these votes are to be acts of good government, voters must inform themselves, deliberate on their choices, and make the wisest decisions they can. So the Christian citizen in particular, in faithfulness to both God and neighbor, needs to know about government, the challenges facing it, and, above all, what God says about these things.
I wrote Left, Right and Christ: Evangelical Faith in Politics, with my coauthor, Lisa Sharon Harper, to encourage evangelical Christians to be more conscientiously active in political life and to be more thoughtfully and faithfully biblical in their involvement.
There are many dimensions of political life that require biblical understanding, such as God's creational purpose for government, the common good, peace, moral flourishing, and spheres of authority. But I focus mainly on God's restraining purpose for government, that is, his purpose for us specifically as fallen people.
When the apostle Peter exhorts the church to "be subject for the Lord's sake" to every level of civil government, he specifically notes how God calls government to serve us. It exists "to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good" (1 Pet. 2:14). The apostle Paul identifies these same goods in Romans 13. The first and most obvious purpose for which God has mercifully established government in a fallen world is "to restrain the rapacious tendencies of sinful human beings" (Left, Right and Christ , p. 59). Without it, to borrow the eloquence of Thomas Hobbes, life would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short."
But the second half of Peter's statement is often neglected, especially by Christian libertarians. Political society is not an alliance for the maximization of self-interest by autonomous human beings. It is a moral relationship. Because God is a Trinitarian community of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, eternally communing with one another in love, we who are made in his image are made for community with one another. For this reason, the political life we share is natural and moral, not simply a useful human convention. As the Godhead is a community of love (so John tells us that "God is love," 1 John 4:16), so too God calls our political communities to reflect his moral character in bonds of love.
Some take Paul's description of government as "God's servant for our good" out of context and present the apostle as meaning that we are free to use government to provide any good we think might be useful or morally commendable. However, I argue that
if it were government's responsibility, even in part, to do the good deeds of society, people would gradually surrender more and more private responsibility to it.… Where it ends is not the sort of noble liberty that God intends for his image-bearing vice-regents [I Tim. 2:2]. At best, you get the control of well-meaning masters over grateful slaves, or some kind of happy human zoo. At worst, and more likely, you get the totalitarian rule of a self-serving administrative class over a docile people who have entirely forgotten how to provide for themselves. (p. 63)
Such a careless and expansive reading of Romans 13 would also violate the principle of limited government, which is a fundamental principle of biblical civil government for at least three reasons.
First, God gave us government for our good (Rom. 13:4). But whereas he is good, we are not, nor are the people who govern us. Because, on account of our wickedness, we need the restraint of government, so likewise those who govern us, equally wicked, must be limited in their power to govern us. For this reason, "limited government is not only a good idea; it is essential to good government" (p. 63).
Second, God gave us government for specific purposes that are distinct from the tasks he gave to individuals, families, and churches (1 Pet. 2:14). God's purpose for government must therefore be limited, if only with respect to what is proper to people in those other relationships. As I state in Left, Right and Christ, "Government is a limited good, and so only limited government can be good" (p. 63).
Third, God gave us government to secure us in the liberty to serve him and one another (1 Tim. 2:2). Jesus summarizes the whole of God's law, and thus all of life, with the word "love." The work of Christ frees us to love, but the work of expansive, do-everything government attempts to make love unnecessary. It makes us incrementally less inclined to love and even drains us of the means to love. For this reason also, godly government is limited government.
Everything is good when we use it according to the Creator's purposes—no more and no less. Government, especially the civic life of a free people, is good. It preserves us in liberty and defends our morality, and through it we order our corporate life. It is the Christian's calling and privilege to inform this governing work with the good Creator's mind.
The author, an OP minister, teaches politics at The King's College in New York City. He is the coauthor of Left, Right and Christ, and also writes a weekly column for WORLDmag.com. New Horizons, February 2012.
|© 2020 The Orthodox Presbyterian Church
Chaplains and Military Personnel


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QBurke Mountain Resorts, LLC, a company headed by businessman Ariel Quiros has acquired Burke Mountain Resort.
Quiros, a long term supporter of, and significant land owner in the Northeast Kingdom, along with Bill Stenger, President and co-owner of Jay Peak Resort, purchased the Jay Peak Resort from Mont Saint-Sauveur Valley resorts in June 2008.
The ownership of QBurke Mountain Resorts, which includes Jay Peak President and co-owner Bill Stenger, took ownership of Burke Mountain Resort May 22, 2012
"I'm delighted to be involved in the Burke Mountain Resort community," Mr. Quiros said. "The mountain has been such an authentic part of the Vermont ski industry and to be able to guide it into the future is truly exciting for me and my ownership team. I believe so strongly in the environmental spirit of Vermont and want the Burke community to know how committed to environmental stewardship we are."
Tim McGuire, general ganager of Burke Mountain Resort said, "We are all pleased to see such an experienced group taking ownership of our great resort.
There is a great vision in place and the QBurke Team is eager to see this vision become reality."
Bill Stenger, President of Jay Peak Resort and part of the QBurke ownership team said, "Burke Mountain embodies what is best about Vermont skiing, a quality mountain experience, a group of employees that love the sport and a community that is full of authentic Vermont Character. Jay Peak and Burke Mountain have much in common and I look forward to seeing the resorts continue to prosper and grow. We expect some exciting promotional ooperation between the resorts this coming winter as we review the plans for Burke Mountain's future," Stenger concluded.
Employee and community meetings will be scheduled shortly to review Q-Burke's future plans for the resort.
For further information contact: Tim McGuire at Burke Mountain Resort at 802-626-7374 or Bill Stenger at Jay Peak Resort at 802-327-2222.