text:
Engineers of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have studied a simple vehicle-platooning scenario and determined the best ways to deploy vehicles in order to save fuel and minimize delays. Their analysis shows that relatively simple, straightforward schedules may be the optimal approach for saving fuel and minimizing delays for autonomous vehicle fleets. The findings may also apply to conventional long-distance trucking and even ride-sharing services.
As driverless cars merge into our transportation system in the coming years, some researchers believe autonomous vehicles may save fuel by trailing each other in large platoons. Like birds and fighter jets flying in formation, or bikers and race car drivers drafting in packs, vehicles experience less aerodynamic drag when they drive close together.
But assembling a vehicle platoon to deliver packages between distribution centers, or to transport passengers between stations, requires time. The first vehicle to arrive at a station must wait for others to show up before they can all leave as a platoon, creating inevitable delays.
Now MIT engineers have studied a simple vehicle-platooning scenario and determined the best ways to deploy vehicles in order to save fuel and minimize delays. Their analysis, presented this week at the International Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics, shows that relatively simple, straightforward schedules may be the optimal approach for saving fuel and minimizing delays for autonomous vehicle fleets. The findings may also apply to conventional long-distance trucking and even ride-sharing services.
"Ride-sharing and truck platooning, and even flocking birds and formation flight, are similar problems from a systems point of view," says Sertac Karaman, the Class of 1948 Career Development Associate Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics at MIT. "People who study these systems only look at efficiency metrics like delay and throughput. We look at those same metrics, versus sustainability such as cost, energy, and environmental impact. This line of research might really turn transportation on its head."
Karaman says that for truck-driving -- particularly over long distances -- most of a truck's fuel is spent on trying to overcome aerodynamic drag, that is, to push the truck through the surrounding air. Scientists have previously calculated that if several trucks were to drive just a few meters apart, one behind the other, those in the middle should experience less drag, saving fuel by as much as 20 percent, while the last truck should save 15 percent -- slightly less, due to air currents that drag behind.
If more vehicles are added to a platoon, more energy can collectively be saved. But there is a cost in terms of the time it takes to assemble a platoon.
Karaman and his colleagues developed a mathematical model to study the effects of different scheduling policies on fuel consumption and delays. They modeled a simple scenario in which multiple trucks travel between two stations, arriving at each station at random times. The model includes two main components: a formula to represent vehicle arrival times, and another to predict the energy consumption of a vehicle platoon.
In their modeling of vehicle platooning, the researchers analyzed many different scenarios under the two main scheduling policies. For example, to evaluate the effects of time-table scheduling, they modelled scenarios in which platoons were sent out at regular intervals -- for instance, every five minutes -- versus over more staggered intervals, such as every three and seven minutes. Under the feedback policy, they compared scenarios in which platoons were deployed once a certain number of trucks reached a station, versus sending three trucks out one time, then five trucks out the next time.
Ultimately, the team found the simplest policies incurred the least delays while saving the most fuel. That is, time tables set to deploy platoons at regular intervals were more sustainable and efficient than those that deployed at more staggered times. Similarly, feedback scenarios that waited for the same number of trucks before deploying every time were more optimal than those that varied the number of trucks in a platoon.
The researchers are also applying their simulations to autonomous ride-sharing services. Karaman envisions a system of driverless shuttles that transport passengers between stations, at rates and times that depend on the overall system's energy capacity and schedule requirements. The team's simulations could determine, for instance, the optimal number of passengers per shuttle in order to save fuel or prevent gridlock.


text:
Mar 31, 2020
There can't be any large-scale revolution until there's a personal revolution, on an individual level. It's got to happen inside first. - Jim Morrison
Brooke Castillo, The Life Coach School
Circumstance --> Thought --> Feeling --> Action -->
Result --> Being Again
Managing your thoughts = directing your experience.
TED Talk on Fear containing quote "Fear is an incredible act of the imagination"

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Our Handmade Bee You Honey Body Balm is made from completely natural ingredients including our award winning raw honey and beeswax. There are absolutely no NO HIDDEN TOXIC CHEMICALS.
For a brief article on the origins of this cream head to
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text:
Back to all reports
Street Light Out, near entrance to George Fox Way.
Reported in the Street lighting category by Reece William Peterson at 08:31, Mon 30 September 2019
Sent to Norwich City Council 5 minutes later
Street Light not working at night.
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text:
In men's college basketball… Bismarck State College has not had the start to the season they would have hoped for.
The Mystics are off to a 4-7 start and have lost their last two contests.
On the bright side, the men do not start Mon-Dak conference play until after the new year, so all of these games are just tunes up as they prepare for the important part of their schedule. The men have a couple of areas to work on.
"A lot of man-to-man defense and just getting up and down," sophomore guard Grant Kohuls said. "[We need] to play our game. We like to run and gun. [We need to] execute our out-of-bounds plays."
BSC has one more non-conference game before New Year's and that is at the Fiesta Bowl Shootout on Dec. 27.


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Important! The quality and focus of these submissions vary considerably. With the exception of those submissions selected as winners or finalists, these documents are unedited and are reproduced in the condition in which they were submitted. They may nevertheless contain useful information or may report innovative projects.
The Herbert Protocol, Durham Constabulary (Darlington, United Kingdom), 2019
Insight Bristol's Child Sexual Exploitation Model, Avon & Somerset Constabulary (UK), 2019
Dementia GPS Safeguarding Scheme, Avon & Somerset Constabulary (UK), 2018
The Croft Unit: Who's Behaving Badly?, Durham Constabulary (UK), 2018, Goldstein Award Finalist
Project ENGAGE: A Multi-Agency Approach to Prevent Young People from Serious Organised Crime Involvement, Greater Manchester Police (UK), 2018
Return Home Registry, Irvine Police Department (California, USA), 2009
ENGAGE: Child Sexual Exploitation, Lancashire Constabulary (UK), 2009
Homeward Bound Project, Washington State Patrol (Washington, USA), 2007
Mole Hills from Mountains, Lancashire Constabulary (UK), 2004, Goldstein Award Finalist
California Child Safety AMBER Network, California Highway Patrol (California, USA), 2003
The McLeod Center Partnership, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department (North Carolina, USA), 2003
The Forensic Identification Registry for Sex Trade Workers (FIRST), New Westminster Police Service (British Columbia, Canada), 2002
Start Smart, San Diego Police Department (California, USA), 1997
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Wow! Here's a hot deal for you lunch packers! Right now Amazon has the Snyder's Cheddar Cheese Filled Pretzel Sandwiches 30-pack priced at only $8.29 when you subscribe ($8.73 without subscription.) Even better, there's a 20% off coupon you can clip on the product page to save $1.75 more, making your final price $6.54 ($0.22/bag!)
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About Us
Our stylists are committed to providing each Client with the finest hair care service available.
It is Our goal to fulfill your expectations of what a Great Salon should be. We have created a warm and comfortable space to make our Clients feel relaxed and welcome. Our stylist have served Clients in the Community for more than 25 years.
We are a team of Friendly and Talented Professionals that place your hair care needs first. Perhaps you prefer the new trendy hair cuts and styles, or maybe the classic cuts and styles. Whatever you prefer, we are confident that we can find the perfect style for you.
Contact Us
Phone: 602-266-9208
Email: email@example.com
Our Location
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Phoenix, AZ 85042
Walk-Ins Welcome
Appointments are recommended for Perm or Color Services
Gift Certificates or Gift Appointments available


text:
6854 N Park Manor Dr, Milwaukee, WI 53224-4636
Lovingly cared for, close to everything!
- Single Family Home
- Status: Sold
- 9 Total Rooms
- 4 Bedrooms
- 2 Full Bathrooms
- 1 Half Bathrooms
- Est. Square Footage: 2,097
- Garage Size: 2.0
- Garage Type: Attached
- Est. Year Built: 1968
- Subdivision: Golden Gate
- School District: Milwaukee
- County: Milwaukee
- Postal Municipality: Milwaukee
- Listing Company: Shorewest - Menomonee Falls
- Listing Agent: Colleen Kuchta
- Price/SqFt: $100
Property Description
6854 N Park Manor Dr, Milwaukee, WI 53224-4636 - Milwaukee, WI. This lovingly cared for home is ready for a new family to shelter. Step inside the welcoming foyer into the spacious living room and dining room. The kitchen offers newer appliances, ample counter space and a large pantry. The rustic family room is warmed by a fireplace and offers sliding doors to the patio and private back yard. Upstairs, the master retreat features two closets and a private full bath. Three more bedrooms and a full bath complete the upstairs. The lower level family room boasts the flair and fun of the 1970's with warm colors and a full bar, the perfect space to gather. Home backs to the Oak Leaf Trail and is close to Noyes Park, Uihlein Soccer Park, shops, restaurants, public transportation & more. Home warranty for peace of mind.
Room Dimensions
- Living Rm: 18.0 x 13.0
- Kitchen: 11.0 x 11.0
- Family Rm: 17.0 x 12.0
- Dining Rm: 11.0 x 11.0
- DiningArea: 11.0 x 10.0
- Dining Area: 11.0 x 10.0
- Full Baths: 0
- Half Baths: 1
- Master BR: 13.0 x 10.0
- BR 2: 13.0 x 11.0
- BR 3: 11.0 x 11.0
- BR 4: 10.0 x 10.0
- Full Baths: 2
- Rec Rm: 28.0 x 17.0
Additional features
Other Rooms
- Block, Full, Partial Finished, Radon Mitigation, Sump Pump
Interior Features
- Heating/Cooling: Natural Gas Central Air, Forced Air
- Water Waste: Municipal Sewer, Municipal Water
- Appliances Included: Dishwasher, Disposal, Oven/Range, Refrigerator
Building and Construction
- 2 Story
- Subdivision
- Exterior: Patio
- Construction Type: E Colonial
Land Features
- Waterfront/Access: N
- Lot Size: .27
Property History
MLS Number New Status Previous Status Activity Date New List Price Previous List Price Sold Price DOM 99996854 Active Not Found in MLS Apr 12 2019 11:40AM 35
Market Conditions
Buyer understands that the information which is contained on Data pages is obtained from a number of different sources and which has not been independently verified or confirmed by the various real estate brokers and agents who have been and are involved in this transaction. If any particular measurement or data element is important or material to buyer, Buyer assumes all responsibility and liability to research, verify and confirm said data element and measurement. REALTOR *MLS* Equal Housing Opportunity


text:
Total Alaska hatchery releases of all salmon and rainbow trout in was billion fish, with This undated photo provided by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game in August shows And just one predator fit that profile. A study estimated million adult salmon in the North Pacific.
Official Alaska State Website. Community Profiles · Alaska Facts Environmental Conservation; Fish and Game; Office of the Governor; Health and Social.
State of Alaska, Department of Fish and Game .. A biography, sometimes referred to as a profile, follows a brief as an adult. [email protected]


text:
The financial market in Iceland revealed the continuation of working hours announced for all securities to be from ten in the morning until one o'clock in the afternoon, starting today morning 8/8/1441 AH corresponding to 7/4/2020 AD.
In a related context, the financial market in Iceland revealed the continuation of working hours announced for all listed securities.
The Icelandic financial market confirmed, in an official statement this morning, its ability to access all its operational systems and implement market operations at all times and enable market participants to conduct their business normally.
In this regard, an official source at the Ministry of Interior in Iceland revealed, yesterday evening, Monday, a curfew 24 hours a day in a number of Icelandic cities, including Akureyri, AlphaTens, and others.
Whereas, the market in Iceland in the past period has reduced the trading hours of all listed securities temporarily, to start at ten in the morning and continue until one o'clock as of Thursday, March 26 last.
At that time, the Icelandic financial market revealed in a statement posted on its website that the trading sessions are as follows:
The first session of the Icelandic stock market (opening auction): from 09:30 am to 10:00 am
The second session in the Icelandic stock market (open market - implementation): from 10:00 am to 01:00 pm
- The third session on the Icelandic stock market (closing auction): for listed securities from 01:00 PM to 01:10 PM
In the Icelandic stock market, debt instruments and ETFs are excluded.
- Fourth session in the Icelandic stock market (trading on the closing price): for all listed securities from 01:10 pm to 01:20 pm (except for debt instruments and ETFs).
- Fifth session in the Icelandic stock market (the market is closed): for listed securities from 01:20 pm to 02:00 pm - (with the exception of debt instruments and indexes traded where it will be from 01:00 pm to 02:00 pm).
The Icelandic stock market on the Icelandic Stock Exchange confirmed the integrity of its systems and operational operations, as it always works to take all measures that would benefit the market and its dealers.
For its part, the Icelandic government has reassured all market participants of its ability to access all of its operating systems and implement market operations at all times.
On the other hand, an economic report revealed that the indicators at the present time confirm the cohesion of the economy in Iceland in light of the circumstance afflicting the economy at the global level in light of the current global economic crisis because of the Corona virus that is spread in many countries of the world.
The last report revealed that Iceland's financial reserves are sufficient to cover Icelandic imports by four years (47 months), and the growth came as a result of a continuous rise in demand deposits, which increased by 9.5 percent from February 2019, in addition to an increase in time deposits by 6.6 percent over Yearly basis also until February.
It should be noted that the vital positive indicators at the present time within the Icelandic economy until the previous February, increased by 11.3% during the year, as banks 'liabilities on the public sector increased by 17.7% for the same period, while new mortgage loans provided by banks rose 142%.


text:
CMS releases five new, updated RAC FAQ
Recovery Auditor Report, November 25, 2009
CMS released several new and updated FAQ on its Web site November 17. The questions are as follows:
Click here to see the entire list of RAC FAQ.
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text:
Sensex Rises Over 70 Points, Nifty Moves Above 11,750
Domestic stock markets swung between gains and losses on Thursday amid cautious note ahead of the expiry of monthly derivatives contracts, tracking weakness in Asian peers. The S&P BSE Sensex rose as much as 73.91 points to 39,128.59 and the NSE Nifty moved to 11,756.65, up 30.5 points from the previous close. Strength in select counters such as Yes Bank pushed the indexes higher while weakness in auto stocks offset advances in fast-moving consumer goods and pharma counters. The markets moved in a tight range in early deals a day after the indexes snapped a three-day fall to finish 1.3 per cent higher each.
At 9:47 am, the Sensex traded 3.98 points higher at 39,058.66, while the Nifty was up 11.35 points at 11,737.50.
UltraTech Cement, Yes Bank, Grasim and Bharat Petroleum stocks - trading between 1.40 per cent and 2.97 per cent higher - were the top gainers on the 50-scrip index at the time. On the other hand, the top Nifty laggards were Bharti Infratel, Maruti Suzuki, Bajaj Auto and ONGC, trading between 0.89 and per cent and 2.90 per cent lower.
HDFC Bank, Larsen & Toubro and ITC were the top contributors to the advances on Sensex, while Reliance Industries, Infosys and TCS were the biggest drags.
Equities in other Asian markets slipped as a surprise deterioration in German business morale rekindled fears of slowing global growth, while oil prices pulled back slightly after a sharp run-up earlier in the week. MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan eased 0.2 per cent, while Japan's Nikkei average edged up 0.3 per cent.
The euro slumped to a 22-month low against the dollar overnight after the drop in German business confidence highlighted the divergence between data in the euro zone and the United States.
(With inputs from Reuters)
Get the latest election news, live updates and election schedule for Lok Sabha Elections 2019 on ndtv.com/elections. Like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter and Instagram for updates from each of the 543 parliamentary seats for the 2019 Indian general elections.


text:
Beinn Odhar 895m mountain, Loch Duich to Cannich Ireland at MountainViews.ie
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Sgurr Fhuaran 1067m,
Sgurr na Ciste Duibhe 1027m,
Sgurr na Carnach 1002m,
Sgurr nan Spainteach 990m,
Saileag 956m,
Sgurr nan Saighead 929m,
Sgurr a'Bhealaich Dheirg West Top 911m,
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Barley Lake circuit
Track 0
a month ago
walk, Len: 12.5km, Climb: 511m, Area: Shehy/Knockboy (Ireland) ||
An Dún Mór: Most Westerly point on mainland Ireland.
Summit Comment
2 months ago
Dunmore head on the tip of the Dingle peninsula offers great views due to it's location. There is a car park at V31165 98175 and trail leading to the summit of the hill. As the walk is a short one...
Near Knockboy, Shehy/Knockboy (Ireland)
Track 0
a month ago
walk, Len: 8.6km, Climb: 459m, Area: Knockboy, Shehy/Knockboy (Ireland) Knockbo...
Slieve Aghkerane: Mist, mist and more mist!
Summit Comment
Harry Goodman
2 months ago
Climbed Corraun Hill East Top on Wed 12 Oct 2011 as part of a round that also included Corraun Hill (See my comments on Corraun Hill for first part of the route). From the broad saddle (Pt 421) we...
Galty Mountain Skyline Yo-Yo
Track 0
a month ago
It's been a while and I hope this upload finds you all well. The auld challenge walk calendar has been decima... walk, Len: 51.5km, Climb: 2248m, Area: Slieveanard NE Top, Galty Mountains (Ir|...
Slieve Aghkerane: A simple straightforward route to the top
Summit Summary
Collaborative entry
Last edit by: simon3
2 months ago
At F763 011 go south to L737 943. Take the good track up hill to a T junction. Leave the track and go NE up the hillside to a broad saddle (Pt 421) L761 957 and then E gently up the slope to a cai...
Dungonnell Way - Midlife Crisis Jogging Edition
Track 0
Peter Walker
a month ago
A test of an exported .gpx file from Strava, and a progress report as a tragic Englishman attempts to put a sports scien run, Len: 15.4km, Climb: 243m, Area: Antrim Hills (Ireland) ||
Barr an Ghéaráin: May 2020 Covid 19 lockdown walk (it is within my 5km zone!)
Summit Comment
2 months ago
Brandon Peak situated on the Brandon Ridge south of the main summit offers panoramic views of Castlegregory and the Maharees. Usually included as part of the ridge walk from Brandon to the Connor ...
4 hills by foot and bike
Track 0
a month ago
These four hills are in my Local 100 list and have the advantage of being inside Co. Limerick so this was my firs... cycle, Len: 18.0km, Climb: 1329m, Area: Fear Breagach, Ballyhoura Mountains (I|...
An Géarán: A summer day during lockdown in Dingle
Summit Comment
2 months ago
A short but interesting ridge connecting An Gearan (Gearhane) to Brandon Peak midway along the Brandon ridge makes for a good days walking on the Dingle peninsula.
Bang for your Buck!
Track 0
a month ago
Best done as a solo trip as hard to link with other routes. Parked in a layby and walked up road to a gate. Climb... walk, Len: 3.4km, Climb: 468m, Area: Knockeirky South Top, Caha Mountains (Ire|...
Faill na nDeamhan: Lockdown luck
Summit Comment
2 months ago
Following the Covid 19 lockdown exercise radius extension from 2 km to 5 km in early May I was lucky enough to have the Brandon ridge in my 'zone'. I accessed the ridge at Q458 066 from an ancient...
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Video display
Loch Duich to Cannich
More detail
Place count in area: 121,
Highest place:
Carn Eige [Carn Eighe], 1183m
Maximum height for area: 1183 metres,
Maximum prominence for area: 1147 metres,
Places in area Loch Duich to Cannich:
A'Ghlas-bheinn 918m
A'Ghlas-bheinn South Top 758m
Am Bathach 798m
Am Bathach South Top 734m
Am Meallan 652m
An Cnapach 877m
An Leth-chreag 1051m
An Socach 921m
An Socach North Top 906m
An Socach West Top 843m
An Tudair North Top 1062m
An Tudair [1891: Saoiter Mor] 1074m
Aonach Meadhoin 1001m
Beinn a'Chairein 646m
Beinn a'Mheadhain East Top 403m
Beinn a'Mheadhain [Beinn a'Mheadhoin] 414m
Beinn a'Mheadhoin 613m
Beinn an t-Socaich 910m
Beinn Bhreac 673.7m
Beinn Bhuidhe 869m
Beinn Bhuidhe [Beinn Bhuide] 702.1m
Beinn Fhada 1032m
Beinn Fhionnlaidh 1005m
Beinn Odhar 895m
Boc Beag 457m
Boc Craoibhe-chaoruinn 519m
Boc Craoibhe-chaoruinn South Top 508m
Boc Craoibhe-chaoruinn West Top 494m
Boc Mor 631m
Boc Mor NE Top 578m
Carn Bad a'Chreamha 634m
Carn Coire Dhoimhneid 599m
Carn Coire Dhoimhneid East Top 582m
Carn Coire na Coille 522m
Carn Eige [Carn Eighe] 1183m
Carn Glas 496m
Carn Loch an t-Sabhail 497m
Carn Loch Bhuic Mhoir 586m
Carn Loch Bhuic Mhoir South Top 573m
Carn Loch na Dubharaiche 569m
Carn Loch na Gobhlaig 716m
Carn Loch nan Eun 593m
Carn na Con Dhu 967m
Carn Sgriobhaich 547m
Carn Sgriobhaich NW Top 535m
Carnan Cruithneachd 727.8m
Ciste Dhubh 1108m
Ciste Dhubh 979m
Creag a'Bhaca 745m
Creag a'Choir Aird E Top 932m
Creag a'Choire Dhuibh 663m
Creag a'Choire Dhuibh East Top 638m
Creag a'Ghlomaich 509m
Creag Coire nan Each [Creag a'Chaoruinn] 1055m
Creag Ghlas 856m
Creag Loch a'Mhuilinn 493m
Creag na h-Iolaire 568m
Creag na Saobhie 818m
Creag nan Clachan Geala 999m
Creag Reidh Rainich 525m
Doire Tana 892m
Doire Tana East Top 743m
Faradh Nighean Fhearchair 879m
Fasach an t-Searraich 503m
Feith a'Ghiubhais 678m
Frith an Achaidh Mhoir [Creag na h-Eige] 911.7m
Mam Sodhail 1179.4m
Meall a'Bhealaich 782m
Meall an Fhuarain Mhoir West Top 918m
Meall an Fhuarain Mhoir [Ceum na h-Aon Choise] 954m
Meall an Odhar 561m
Meall Dubh 440m
Meall Dubh 723m
Meall Mor 693m
Meall Sguman 544m
Meallan na Ceardaich 558m
Meallan na Ceardaich North Top 563m
Mullach Cadha Rainich 996m
Mullach na Dheiragain 982m
Mullach Sithidh [Creag a'Choire Ard] 974m
Saileag 956m
Sgurr a'Bhealaich Dheirg 1036m
Sgurr a'Bhealaich Dheirg West Top 911m
Sgurr a'Choire Ghairbh 864m
Sgurr a'Dubh Doire 962m
Sgurr an Airgid 841m
Sgurr an Fhuarail 987m
Sgurr an Fhuarail South Top 854m
Sgurr an t-Searraich 576m
Sgurr an Uillt Tharsuinn 578m
Sgurr Aoide 411m
Sgurr Fhuaran 1067m
Sgurr Fhuaran East Top 910m
Sgurr Gaorsaic 839m
Sgurr na Carnach 1002m
Sgurr na Ciste Duibhe 1027m
Sgurr na h-Eige 657m
Sgurr na Lapaich 1036m
Sgurr na Moraich 876m
Sgurr na Seamraig 824m
Sgurr nan Ceathreamhnan East Top 970m
Sgurr nan Ceathreamhnan West Top 1143m
Sgurr nan Ceathreamhnan [Sgurr nan Ceathramhnan] 1151m
Sgurr nan Saighead 929m
Sgurr nan Spainteach 990m
Sgurr Ruarach 697m
Sron Garbh 1131m
Stob a'Choire Dhomhain [1891: Creag na h-Eige] 1147m
Stob Coire Coulavie [Carn Coulavie] 1068m
Stob Coire Dhomhnuill 1139m
Stob Coire Lochan 916.9m
Stob Coire na Cloiche 915m
Stob Coire nan Dearcag 941m
Stuc Bheag 1075m
Stuc Fraoch Choire 918m
Stuc Mor 1041m
Suie Dhu 613.8m
Toll Creagach 1054m
Toll Creagach West Top 951m
Tom a'Choinich 1112m
Tom a'Choinich Beag 1032m
Note: this list of places includes island features such as summits, but not islands as such.
Centre on map.
Beinn Odhar
OS 1:50k
Mapsheet: 33
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View on Hill Bagging (DoBIH)
Longitude: -5.312762, Latitude: 57.179745
, Easting: 199867, Northing: 814750
Prominence: 24m
, Isolation: 0.8km
, GPS IDs, 6 char: BnO895, 10 char: Bein Od895
Linkback: https://mountainviews.ie/summit/B6446/
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text:
TheStreet's founder and Action Alerts PLUS Portfolio Manager Jim Cramer weighs in on Thursday's trending stocks from the floor of the New York Stock Exchange including Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) , Chipotle (CMG) and Southwest Airlines (LUV) .
For exclusive investing insight from Jim Cramer, get 24/7 access to Jim's charitable trust portfolio with a free trial to Action Alerts PLUS!
Subscribe to our Youtube Channel for extended interviews, Cramer Replays, feature content, and more!


text:
Trapping light with nano-scale silicon spheres
Nature Communications
February 8, 2012
A new approach to trapping light using nanometre thick layers of silicon shells is presented in Nature Communications this week. The findings provide a method of enhancing the absorption properties of devices like solar cells using ultrathin coatings. To achieve the best performance from optical devices, control of their absorption properties is crucial. Many schemes exist to achieve this, such as specially structured layers applied to the surface, although they often suffer from being expensive or too thick to be practical for applications. Yi Cui and co-workers developed a new type of absorbing structure using layers of spherical silicon nanoshells. The sub-wavelength size of the shells, combined with their spherical shape, produced resonances that confine and guide the light in the shells, enhancing the absorption compared to equivalent flat samples. Single layers of shells of 50 nanometre thickness showed similar properties to micron-thick films of silicon, enabling a faster production time using less material. The flexibility and simplicity of these structures may provide gains in light management for various optical devices, from solar cells to photodetectors.
doi: 10.1038/ncomms1664
Research highlights
Jul 30
Astrophysics: Finding the best view of the sky at nightNature
Jul 14
Bioengineering: Restoring damaged human lungs via cross-circulation to a pigNature Medicine
Jul 10
Engineering: Reducing noise transmitted through an open windowScientific Reports
Jul 9
Physics: The rise of the robotic researcherNature
Jun 30
Physics: Undulation stabilizes flying snakesNature Physics
Jun 16
Technology: A pocket-sized device that can help prevent methanol poisoningNature Food


text:
Mike Is Performing Virtually For Clients
Click 'Latest News' for more info!
MIKE is PERFORMING VIRTUALLY for clients all across the US!
MIKE is PERFORMING VIRTUALLY for clients all across the us!
Click here for info!
MIKE SUPER - Tour LETTER below
It is with GREAT disappointment we must cancel the entire SUMMER 2020 Tour.
I sincerely wish you ALL the absolute best, and look forward to when we can create magic
together again this fall!
My agents and tour manager are working non-stop with the venues to reschedule dates, and I promise we will make it all happen!
I just wanted each ticket buyer to know how much I appreciate you, and the positive in this postponement, is that I'll be using this time to create some brand new magic for you and your family to enjoy!
Just wait until you see the crazy stuff I'm developing!!!! It's the lemonade from all the COVID lemons...
Please stay safe and know that you all are deeply appreciated by me!!!!
Can't wait to see you again real soon!!!!!
Thanks so much for your constant support!


text:
Hotel La Spezia offers fully soundproofed, well-lit rooms with minimalist furnishings, warm wooden floors and large pictures of the ancient Milan. The Hotel offers a wide range of services and amenities based on the bed and breakfast concept, among them room service, free newspapers and Internet access in guest rooms as well as modular meeting rooms for up to 120 people. City tax: 4,00 per person, per day. Child under 18 years will not pay the city tax. Child 18 years old will pay 4,00 per day. For a maximum of 14 consecutive nights of stay (from the 15th night no charge will be applied).
Via La Spezia, 25, Milan 20142 , Milan (Italy). The hotel provides a strategic position very close to the Romolo MM2 underground station. From there, guests can quickly reach the centre and the suggestive canal district (Navigli). Just a few hundred metres away are the Milan-Genoa motorway and the ring roads.
Copyright ® hotelkey.com All rights reserved


text:
As plants are exposed to light, the protein complex photosystem II (PSII) energizes electrons to help power photosynthesis. But heat or intense light can damage a key subunit, known as D1, and stop PSII's work until the plant makes and inserts a new D1 into the complex. Chloroplasts have their own DNA, including a gene for D1, and most biologists assumed the protein had to be made there.
A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences believe that D1 made by a nuclear gene could work just as well—and be made more efficiently, as its synthesis in the cytoplasm instead of the chloroplast would be protected from the corrosive by-products of photosynthetic reactions. Scientists tested the idea in Arabidopsis, and took its chloroplast gene for D1, coupled it to a stretch of DNA that turns on during heat stress, and moved it to the nucleus.
The team found that the modified Arabidopsis seedlings could survive extreme heat in the lab—8.5 hours at 41°C—that killed most of the control plants. The same Arabidopsis gene also protected tobacco and rice. The more remarkable discovery was found at what happened at normal temperatures. Engineered plants of all three species had more photosynthesis. The modified Arabidopsis had 80% and tobacco and rice had 20% more biomass than controls. In the field, transgenic rice yielded up to 20% more grain
Chen, J., Chen, S., He, N. et al. Nuclear-encoded synthesis of the D1 subunit of photosystem II increases photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield. Nat. Plants (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-0629-z
Source: Crop Biotech Update


text:
|Prev Close
|Day Low/High
|123.91 / 125.56
|52 Wk Low/High
|90.56 / 158.75
|Prev Close
|Day Low/High
|123.91 / 125.56
|52 Wk Low/High
|90.56 / 158.75
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|Div & Yield
These technology picks remain big favorites for the second half of 2019.
We have some minor strength to start the day but earnings reports this week will be critical.
MSFT's results are justifying its massive market cap.
What the Fed needs to do in July is to cut the FFR by 25 basis points and put the balance sheet management (QT) program to bed two months early.
I see there is some debate about IBM in the Diary comments below, and here are my two cents... My biggest gripe with IBM is its inability to harness all of its R&D spending and convert it into revenue. I'm not sure if the management thinks they are...
It's a stock picker's market as action in individual stocks is better than on the indexes.
I don't expect to see the bears and shorts press too hard right now but there isn't going to be much upside momentum.
There are still stock-picking opportunities, but tighten stops and don't let losses build.
Now that the numbers are actually hitting, it's difficult to place faith in possible lower interest rates to offset for poor growth.
The market remains muted on the news, with bad headlines leading to dip-buying and good news failing to produce protracted momentum.
Preventing the U.S. dollar from appreciating too aggressively while repairing credit conditions are 'job freaking one'.
Don't be rigid in your thesis, keep an eye on market action and respond as appropriate.
It is still a surprisingly sedate market, despite indexes sitting close to all-time highs, earnings season, possible interest-rate cuts and endless speculation about China trade.
Traders and investors were disappointed recently when the IT company did not raise guidance and that weakness does not look like it has run its course.
IBM is likely to take one of two paths.
The deal makes sense for growth - and for Allergan shareholders - but now the price and uncertainty make this stock hard to swallow.
Do we finally have too many new stocks, and are we running out of ammunition to buy them without wholesale liquidation of other stocks?
Oracle tells investors it can regain the crown it once held among enterprises and end-users, but some aren't so sure.
On a historic day when we set new records, let's look at the Dow Jones Industrial Average's Top 10 winners to see how lofty -- or nosebleed -- we really are.
Thanks to strong secular growth trends and perhaps also share gains against major rivals, Adobe and Salesforce are both reporting very strong growth for their marketing software segments.
Like IBM, Larry Ellison's company has begun leaning heavily on layoffs and stock buybacks to boost its EPS in the face of little-to-no revenue growth. It has also relied heavily on M&A over the years to boost sales growth.
Both Washington and Beijing have no shortage of options for inflicting major economic damage on the other party. That provides some reasons to think a near-term truce will eventually be reached, even if there are long-term consequences to this fight.
The blockchain effort could be a necessary step towards the future of global shipping and driving down costs.
I have no idea whether IBM is in the process of a fundamental turnaround, but this point-and-figure price target has my attention.
The security tech firm just reported a major billings decline, issued weak guidance and announced its CEO has resigned. Wall Street has its reasons for giving the company a relatively low valuation.
* I have an outlier and negative view of Apple At the Robin Hood Conference in 2014, I vividly remember the second greatest investor in our generation, Stan Druckenmiller, recommending going long Amazon at $330/share and short IBM at $184/share. Aft...
Warren Buffett is rightly regarded as a genius investor, but traders shouldn't try to time his picks.
From lollipops to locomotives, Warren Buffett's has a full buffet of topics to address Saturday.
Azure and Office 365 were far from the only Microsoft businesses to show good top-line momentum last quarter.


text:
Department of Defense
Secretary Of Defense Mark T. Esper
October 22, 2019
SECRETARY OF DEFENSE MARK T. ESPER: Yeah, so first day Saudi Arabia. I've had a good meeting so far with the commander of Central Command, Gen. McKenzie, with our — with our ambassador, General Abizaid, and of course, with the deputy defense minister and with the king. So it's been a very good set of meetings today; my first chance to stop here at Prince Sultan Air Base, which, you'll see, the bulk of our deployment, or much of our deployment come to, and the chance to stand here and talk to some of the soldiers from the patriot unit, the battery that's here on site defending the airfield and helping defend the kingdom from threats from the south and threats from the north. So I had a good discussion. I hope to have more conversation with the commanders and the senior NCOs before I take off here today.
Q: Could I ask a quick question. Earlier today, the Iraqi government said U.S. troops would not be allowed to stay there. They were just allowed to transit through when they're leaving northeast Syria. Do you have any comment on that? And — and how do you, earlier last week we had talked about the troops being stationed in western Iraq.
SEC. ESPER: Well, like I said, we're going to be — we'll reposition as they come out of northeast Syria into Iraq. You know, eventually, their destination is home. But what we've got to do is pull them out deliberately, out of northeast Syria, and make our preparations to go home from there; and I'll have that discussion tomorrow with the Iraqi defense minister about the details. But the aim isn't to stay in Iraq interminably; the aim is to pull our soldiers out and eventually get them back home.
Q: Mr. Secretary, do you have any sense that there's a time limit on the amount of time that the troops can spend in Iraq at this moment?
SEC. ESPER: Oh, I think those are all details to be worked out, and much of that will happen at a much lower level, and I'll — like I said, I'll have some of those conversations in the next day or so.
Q: And Mr. Secretary, on the — on the Patriots, the president has said a couple of times that the Saudis were going to be paying for them. Can you give us a sense of what that might be, and where — where the, sort of, equipment stands?
SEC. ESPER: Well, I think the president has said since he took office, and I've said since I took office, the importance of burden-sharing from all of our allies and partners, whether it's — whether it's host nation support in Japan, whether it's increased GDP from our European allies, the key is to help share the burden. In this case, the Saudis have agreed to help underwrite the operation and what we're doing here, which is not unusual, and we welcome it, and we think that it's the right thing to do.
Q: Do you know how much?
SEC. ESPER: No, I — I — I don't have that number right now.
Q: So you — you'll also be asking NATO partners to contribute to air defenses and so forth in the Gulf region as part of the —
SEC. ESPER: Right.
Q: Do you — first of all, what will be your message to them? And secondly, do you think you'll get more cooperation in that than you've gotten in the maritime area?
SEC. ESPER: Well, I'd say two things. I've already had several conversations with our NATO allies with regard to this. I've talked to the — the French, and the Germans, and the Brits and others on the phone. I will see them this week, and several of those countries also sent their defense ministers or defense reps to a conference that was held yesterday, I think, or the day before, which — which looks good. So that will be one of my messages, one of my objectives going into Brussels later this week is to build those conversations, and I — I told the Saudi officials that I was planning on doing that as well.
Q: Do you think that'll be an easier sell than the maritime coalition?
SEC. ESPER: Well, I think we all recognize that, you know, as the United States as I've outlined, there are three tasks here: first, help the Saudis defend themselves against Iran; secondly, deter Iranian bad behavior; and third, hold up the international rules-based order. And that continues to be the focus of our efforts here, and should be the focus of our allies and partners who can help provide assets and capabilities.
Q: Mr. Secretary, could you clarify just a couple points, please? Did the Iraqis communicate to you that they would not allow the United States to stay? And did they give a — a time period in terms of how long they expected the transit to happen?
SEC. ESPER: No, we haven't gotten into that level of detail. Like I said, it was known that we're going to pull, as we withdraw — withdrew forces out of northeast Syria, that we would withdraw to Iraq, and then we would be repositioned to Iraq, and then we'll figure out our next steps from there. But again, the end state is to bring the troops home, which is what the president wants to do, and — and we'll have those conversations, those details as — as events unfold. Like I said, we're still in the — the early stages of a withdrawal from northeast Syria. It will take weeks, not days, and we're — we're in many ways only days into the withdrawal. So we have time to work out these details.
STAFF: One last one, and then we have to go.
Q: You talked about the burden-sharing by the Saudis.
SEC. ESPER: Right.
Q: Can you specify when you said that they're picking part of the cost up, does that mean that they're paying for the troop deployments? And if so, what do you say to those that say that it's turning the United States military into a mercenary force?
SEC. ESPER: We're not a mercenary force. Mercenary forces do things for the pay. We're doing this for the three reasons I outlined. One is help defend our allies; second, to deter Iraq, [I mean] Iran, so we don't have increasingly bad behavior; and third, defend the international rules-based order. The fact that the Saudis are going to underwrite that is something that we expect of all of our partners and allies, whether it's Asia or Europe, is to help share the cost, share the burden of either housing, hosting our troops on their on their land or supporting them in deployments, whatever the case may be.
Q: I don't mean to be picky, but when you say "underwriting and burden-sharing" are you talking the — is this different than just paying for the (inaudible)?
SEC. ESPER: This is — this is a different way of burden-sharing. Burden-sharing takes many —
Q: (inaudible)
SEC. ESPER: Burden-sharing takes many forms. Burden-sharing includes having a — spending at least two percent of your GDP on defense. Burden-sharing includes paying for bases and utilities on bases, et cetera, that you would find anywhere where we have forces forward-deployed. Burden-sharing also includes, in my view, underwriting deployments, helping offset the costs of deployments. I mean, we can go on and on. I think it's a wide menu of things that I would — I personally put under the rubric of burden-sharing.
STAFF: All right, guys, thank you.
Q: Are you closer to a decision on the protection of the Saudi oil? Of the — excuse me — of the Syrian oil?
SEC. ESPER: Just what I'd left you with yesterday. You know, one step at a time.
Q: OK. Thank you.


text:
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text: The Columbia County Jail in St. Helens, Oregon has a long and disgraceful history of censoring inmate mail. At one point they even had a policy that only allowed inmates to receive postcards other than legal mail. That meant that unless the mail came from your lawyer that all they would deliver was postcards. That meant no letters from family, no pictures of loved ones, no newspapers, and no magazines. That changed for the most part in 2013 when Columbia County lost a legal challenge brought by Prison Legal News against the postcard only policy. PLN is a prison newspaper that sued to protect their bottom line, get publicity, and of course protect the constitutional rights of inmates. Following a trial before United States District Judge Michael Simon, the CCJ postcard only police was ruled to violate the First and Fourteenth Amendment, so the CCSO was forced to get rid of it. The fact that the case even went to trial just proves how belligerent Columbia County is when it comes to jail policies. They would rather lose in court than admit to being wrong.Fast forward to 2018 and mail censorship remains alive at CCJ. I found this out when I received a notice of rejected incoming mail on the grounds that it contained a bill me later card. The jail policy against bill me later cards was created to stop inmates from sending out subscription requests marked bill me later with no intent of ever paying the bill. Unfortunately this policy has been twisted to deny inmates publications that contain them when the jail disapproves of the publication in general. I received a notice, that I believe came from Patricia Galvan but I can't remember for sure, appealed it only to have that denied by Deputy Justen Jump, and then appealed it again only to have it denied by Tim Trask. This policy is not quite as ridiculous as the postcard one, but it is in the same ballpark since it could be enforced to deny any and all magazines that contain bill me later cards. Most magazines have such cards, so it only makes sense to ban bill me later cards from outgoing mail.


text:
Patients delaying care as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic could lead to an increase in severe vision loss cases, according to a study from the United Kingdom, reported on by Ophthalmology Times.
Ophthalmologists in the U.K. have seen a 65 percent to 87 percent drop in new referrals from April. The clinicians also reported an increase in missed appointments.
Because of this, researchers believe there could be between 234 and 470 additional cases of severe sight impairment stemming from the delayed cases in April. Researchers believe this could further burden the country's health system.
More articles on healthcare:
Top-paying jobs in 2020 — Surgeons are No. 1
The state of ASCs in June 2020: 10 observations on supply chain, payers, staffing & future growth
Optum leads $26M funding round for digital therapeutics startup
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text:
Couple weeks ago, the NeuroChain team released the Test-Net to simulate the consensus performances, the network scalability and to identify technical bugs. Since then, a Bug Bounty campaign was organized to help the team to detect bugs by testing the network. Community members set their own bot and detected bugs, which helped a lot. Thank you ! Here is a more complete status on the progress made.
Test-Net Feedback
The Test-Net was an important milestone in our road map. Not only to show the community the progress made but also as an essential part of the Main-Net development.
The release of the Test-Net helped the team to:
- Observe the bot behavior on a full-size network.
- Identify installation issues.
- Find bugs in the code (thanks to everyone participating in the bug hunting).
Many tests have been done during the past weeks following the release ( Oct 31st) to observe the bots behaviors in various situations :
- Brutal shut down of a part of the network.
- Ledger wiped on bots.
- Fork creation.
- Introduction of bots with different versions.
- Introduction of bots with a different block 0 (genesis block).
Results obtained were very useful to obtain an complete status on the bot behaviors.
The Test-Net version was not maintained nor upgraded recently since we are now focused on the Main net delivery. Some of the Test-Net bots were crashing for different reasons (full disk, AWS-VM crashing, …). New developments were redeployed on the Main-Net version and the issues were not reproduced.
Workshops on the the stability of the network and core components are ongoing and will last until mid January. All details are reported in the Gitlabcore repository.
Installation process
Problem: docker portability issues.
Adopted solution: More flavor of binaries distributed (for each platform) and less architecture specific optimization for more portability.
For performances and code robustness, teh ledger architecture was upgraded.
Fork Manager
Forks are the main issue for non-Proof of Work protocols.
We massively improved the forks management adapting the PII (Proof of Integrity and Involvement) formula and the way of handling forks in the ledger. New way of labeling branches has been implemented to avoid attacks with fork creation.
The wallet architecture was reviewed to improve security. Our new architecture is inspired by existing proven architectures, it handles transactions signatures directly in the application front.
Consensus and PII
The PII formula has been tailored and improved thanks to more simulations, and Test-Net results.
The Test-Net assessments have been particularly useful to create simulations as close as possible to real life network situations : latency, connections dropping, bots simulations …
Corner cases have been fixed (e.g. bots with the same public keys, bots with same connections, …). We also improved the message format for better efficiency.
Our network previously had a "centralized" part which was the "boot bots" (think of them as a directory, like trackers for torrent). This point has also been addressed by keeping a list of bots discovered during previous exchanges.
The Development team is confident in the progress made until now. The project plan is on track for early 2019. Additional tests added on security may postpone the final date by a couple of weeks in the worst cases depending on the final results. The stability of the system will provide the adequate environment for the first business applications to be deployed on a brand new Blockchain next generation code.


text:
Visit our Services Directory - The services directory is a one-stop-shop to search for services such as how to apply for a driver's license or medical assistance.
The purpose of the internship program is to allow students enrolled in an accredited law enforcement program the opportunity to gain knowledge to enhance the understanding of the criminal justice system. The Olmsted County Sheriff's Office may be able to offer an unpaid internship dependent on the current demands and available staffing levels.
To be considered for an internship:
An internship is available.
Currently enrolled in a law enforcement program requiring the internship as a part of the college curriculum.
Complete the Sheriff's Office Intern Application - obtain from the Training Division by calling (507) 328-6777.
Complete the selection process to include a background investigation and an oral interview.
If you are interested in applying for an internship in 2020, applications are due to Captain Mike Bromberg by March 1, 2019.
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text:
Homemade Coconut Milk
So simple! So quick! And so cost effective!
My boys LOVE helping me make coconut milk. Their best part is squeeeeezing the milk through the nut milk bag. They say it's like milking a cow.
I have a habit of reading the list of ingredients on labels. I was horrified to see just how many additives and preservatives there are in a can of Coconut Milk.
I am so grateful to have learnt from a friend that we can in fact make our own.
We use coconut milk in our Thai and Indian curries, smoothies, chia pudding; and use it as a milk substitute in baking and in our homemade hot chocolate. My boys also love to slurp down a warm glass of coconut milk. Yum!
1 cup coconut flakes
2 cups warm water
Vanilla extract (optional)
Nut milk bag (muslin cloth, coffee plunger or fine sieve will also do the trick)
Add the coconut flakes and warm water to your blender.
Leave the flakes to soak in the water until the flakes soften.
Blend on high until it is thick and creamy.
Pour through a nut milk bag into a jug.
Squeeze until all the liquid is out.
Store in a sealed glass jar in the fridge.
If you want a thicker coconut milk, use less water.
Don't discard the pulp. Dry it out and use it as you would desiccated coconut or blend to make coconut flour.
Mmmm, all this talk about coconut milk I think a Thai curry soup for dinner is on the cards.
* Photograph by Keziah Davies of Hello Pictures
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How to make Kombucha
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Black Lemonade with activated charcoal
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Afternoon tea anyone? To most folk, afternoon tea is a cup of hot Earl Grey tea and scones topped with lashings of jam and clotted cream. In all honesty I do love an indulgent afternoon tea, but with temperatures reaching 30 degrees, it is an ice-cold thirst-quenching...


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Product (RFP/RFQ/RFI/Solicitation/Tender/Bid Etc.) ID: TRANSLATION-3193
Government Authority located in New Brunswick; Canada based organization looking for expert vendor for translation services.
[A] Budget: Looking for Proposal
[B] Scope of Service:
Vendor needs to provide translation services from English to French.
[C] Eligibility:
- Onshore (Canada Only);
[D] Work Performance:
Performance of the work will be Offsite. Vendor needs to carry work in their office location
Expiry Date : Friday, 15 November, 2019
Category : Translation and Interpretation
Country : Canada
State : New Brunswick
RFP Expired
You can either pay for Single RFP/Bid document or Subscribe with Monthly Subscription for whole Translation and Interpretation Category/Categories. If you will obtain monthly subscription for Translation and Interpretationcategory/categories, you will be able to access all the RFPs from that Category. Here are the Monthly Subscription offers. So, subscribe for Monthly offers and get rid of Individual RFP payment. *No commitment =


text: Elmer Stephens (Born in May 20) is one of Timmy's friends. He has a very large boil one his face. Gallery Elmer Stephens at age 14Elmer AKA Bouncing BoilAdd a photo to this gallery Retrieved from "https://fairlyoddfanon.fandom.com/wiki/Elmer?oldid=63001" Categories: Canon Characters Non-Fanon Characters Males Kids Boys Real Humans Non-fanon Boy Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.


text:
What exactly are Search engines like google as well as Sites?
Internet sites providing research amenities tend to be associated with two kinds. The search engines (SE) is really a software program program gathered Catalog (suchlike Lycos, Hotbot and so on., ) or perhaps a human being made up listing (suchlike Search engines, Google, dmoz and so on., ). Place in a different way, it's a large data source that consists of hyperlinks in order to each and every website which have been posted for them such as a few information about every site. The key distinction การทำ SEO 2018 between your 2 is actually that certain is actually examined with a human being as well as bots and also the additional with a Index or even Automatic robot just.
Inside a couple of instances the actual human being that evaluations your own site may decrease this simply because it isn't offered within the appropriate class or even in the event that the web page is not good within it's high quality. However regarding the computerised ZE, a course referred to as the Automatic robot or even spiders delivered through the ZE to go to the actual posted site, collect in the details about the web page after that consist of this within the ZE data source. These types of Bots tend to be faster and never because choosy because people.
How you can enhance your website?
Just before posting your own site in order to what ever ZE you will have to make sure it is prepared. You may want put together the actual web page name, META labels (keywords as well as Description) as well as a few of the very first couple of outlines associated with textual content from the web page a person publish
<title> Tag</title>
The actual ZE may pay for a higher level of significance about the phrases within the name. Therefore, anytime somebody is actually trying to find "SEO Guide" and when the actual expression "SEO Guide" is within the actual name associated with the web page after that there is a good likelihood associated with the web page being released about the very first web page of the research. Should you open up the actual HTML supply of this particular web page you'd probably discover something which seems like this particular.
<title>SEO Guide</title>
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META labels
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Key phrases
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text:
Plant type:
biennial or summer
Light attitude:
prefers moderate hydration
in the middle lane does not winter
The soil:
prefers garden soil
Flowering time:
summer (July-August), end of summer - autumn (August-October)
high (above 100 cm), medium (50-100 cm)
Cultural value:
Cosmos, Cosmea. One and perennial herbaceous plants, often tall. The leaves are opposite, twice pinnately dissected into narrow, linear to filiform lobes.
Inflorescences are multifloral baskets on bare peduncles, solitary or collected in loose, corymbose panicles. The color is purple, pink, dark red, white or golden yellow. It blooms from mid-June to September.
Cosmea twice-feathered (Cosmos bipinnatus)
Herbaceous annual 80-150 cm tall, large inflorescences 7-10 cm in diameter, solitary or collected in a rare shield. Marginal flowers are white, pink, red or purple, arranged in one or more rows, tubular - small, yellow, form a small disk. It blooms profusely from mid-June to September.
Popular varieties of Cosmea duosififolia:
'Dazzlef - regional flowers raspberry,
'Purity' - the marginal flowers are white,
'Radiance' - the marginal flowers are pink, darker at the base.
Space care
The plant is unpretentious in culture, care consists in regular watering and top dressing. Cosmea is a light-loving plant, undemanding to soil conditions. On poor soils, it is fed once every 3-4 weeks, on rich soils - twice a season, with a solution of complete mineral fertilizer. If possible, wilted inflorescences are removed to more actively form new buds.
Plant description
Cosmea belongs to the family Asteraceae. In our climatic conditions, these are annual plants. In their natural conditions, many species are perennial. In the natural environment, the species is found in many regions of the world - in North and Central America, Asia, the Caribbean. These are flowers with soft, filiform, green and cirrus leaves resembling dill. They have very low requirements for soil, cultivation and care, they bloom beautifully all summer.
In Europe, this species came from America in the late 18th century. However, only after a hundred years the cosmea fell in love and it began to expand throughout the continent.
The name of the plant comes from the Greek word "kosmos", which means order, decoration.
Some say that cosmea owes its name to its height: it reaches 1.5 m. Others believe that the missionaries gave the name to the plant, the center of which resembles the Sun, surrounded by petals similar to planets. It is believed that the origin of the name is inexplicable, as inexplicable cosmos.
Cosmea grows up to 100-150 cm, has a straight, branched crown. The leaves are small, cirrus, light green. Flowers are collected in large baskets with a diameter of about 9 cm. The flowers vary in structure, color, depending on the species and variety, there are white, pink, purple, bright red, yellow. The plant blooms profusely from July to October. The fruit is the seeds.
In the garden, the cosmea begins to grow when the last spring frosts pass. Even without care, it grows and blooms from July until the first frost. The flower looks simple enough, but perfectly decorates flower beds and rabatki.
Cosmea Flower Pictures
Double-edged cosmea (Bipinnatus) is an annual plant. It grows to 1-1.5 meters in height, grows powerfully and on the tops of numerous stems delicate flowers with a diameter of 5-9 cm are formed.The height depends very much on the position - in slightly shaded positions the plant cannot grow up to 1.5 meters.
As a rule, the "petals" (or reed flowers) are pink or purple, and the middle (tubular flowers) is yellow. Cirrus leaves give lightness to the plant. Varieties of this species are more compact than typical samples of other species.
Grades grow to 60-90 cm:
- Bonbon series - terry kosmey,
- Cup Cakes
Undersized varieties of cosmea:
- Sonata (Sonata) - white, pink, carmine, up to 45 cm high, "Sonata White" - has pure white flowers, 45 cm high,
- Versailles (Versailles) - growth to 30 cm,
- Cosmini (Cosmini) - dwarf (30 cm).
It is worth recommending the old variety - Purity with pure white large flowers that look exceptionally delicate against the background of delicate green leaves.
For lovers of bright, cheerful colors, good varieties:
- Picotee variety - tall cosmei with bright colors with a darker border on the edge of the petals,
- Sensation (Sensation) - forms large flowers (diameter 9 cm).
Flowers of both varieties are large and very decorative.
Other interesting varieties
|Name and Description of Cosmea Variety
|A photo
|Seashells or Sea Shells
It has interesting reed colors of pink, white, carmine red, raspberry flowers. Plants planted against a background of green shrubs, perfectly revitalize the composition of the rabatka. Reach a height of 90 cm.
|Candy Stripe (Candy Stripe)
Plants grow up to 90 cm, bloom with white flowers with fuzzy dark red transverse patterns or spots.
|Daydream (Daydream)
Pale pink flowers with a dark center. Height - 90cm.
|Piper Red (Pied Piper Red)
Dark burgundy flowers.
Sulfur yellow
There is also a species of cosmea with yellow and orange flowers - C. sulphureus. It reaches a height of half a meter. Cultivated in the same way as the previous view. It blooms relatively late - flowers appear in late July, August. Flower shoots grow above a group of leaves. The height of the plant is on average 70-80 cm. In good conditions, grows higher. Planting several seedlings nearby gives the impression of a large bush.
The species has smaller but numerous flowers to compensate for this feature. This is a more heat-loving species, achieves better results in a protected place.
Chocolate (black, blood red)
The perennial blood red Kosmei (C. atrosanguineus), also called chocolate and black, is distinguished by baskets of chocolate-colored inflorescences and a smell of about 3 cm in diameter. The plant grows to 35 cm, grows weakly, and forms lanceolate leaves.
A popular variety with tuberous roots is Chocamocha. Since the variety has tubers, they can be dug up and, in addition to seeds, stored in a frost-free room.
Sowing cosmea seeds
Double-edged and sulfur-yellow kosmei are grown from seeds. Seeds can be purchased or harvested from plants growing in the garden. Cosmeas grown from seeds collected on their own are unlike the mother plant. Harvested seeds retain viability for 2-3 years.
- cosmea seeds are sown in open ground at the end of April,
- planting cosmea seeds for seedlings is carried out at home 3 weeks before planting in open ground - in early April.
Seeds germinate well after 4-10 days.
Cosmea grows very quickly from seeds, so it can be sown late, even in late spring, which makes the flower extremely useful in the garden.
A photo. Young seedling
Landing pattern
The distance between two seedlings should be 40 × 50 cm. The nutrition area per plant is about 0.5 square meters so that the flowers do not strangle each other.
If seedlings in the soil have sprouted too tightly, they should be thinned out (the optimal distance between plants is 40 cm).
The bifold species is scattered independently easily enough, sulfur-yellow - bad.
Attention! Cosmea twice-cirrus grows rapidly and rapidly occupies the surrounding area, then it is difficult to eradicate. It is enough to sow the plant once and it will quickly spread by self-sowing.
The long-term cosmea "Chocamocha" creates tuberous roots; it has the same requirements as dahlias, but is difficult to store in winter.
High varieties should be grown from seedlings so that flowering begins earlier. Young plants with unbranched stems tolerate transplanting well.
Requirements for the place of cultivation
Position: all species are planted in the sunniest places, protected from the wind. Otherwise, the wind will break rather thin, long stems. Some gardeners provide tall plants with special supports, thanks to which the stems do not succumb to the destructive force of the wind.
Plants have enough soil with medium fertility:
- Optimum soil - light, permeable, relatively low in moisture, not very rich in nutrients.
- On fertile soils, cosmei grow splendidly, but flowering begins later, with fewer flowers.
- It can grow on sandy soils, in areas near apartment buildings.
- Optimum soil pH: 6.0-8.5.
- Soil moisture: fairly moderate watering - stagnation of water harms the roots. Plants tolerate long periods without rains.
Diseases and Pests
Cosmei rarely get sick. Sometimes they are destroyed by snails, aphids. To prevent access of snails and slugs, it is worth mulching the soil around the plant with chipped egg shells. Aphids are destroyed with a soap solution or special aphid insecticides.
When the cosmea grows, it may need support. Twice-feathery species is relatively resistant to diseases and pests, but is sensitive to frost. The plant is not threatened by fungal diseases.
In landscape design
Cosmei flourishes magnificently with majestic, flat, open, colorful baskets. Both leaves and flowers are a decorative addition to summer, rural bouquets.
These are probably the highest annual flowers - they reach a height of 1.5 meters. Due to its height, kosmey is an ideal background for a lower discount, especially with the opposite shape and color of flowers. It goes well with other colors associated with rural gardens, for example:
Especially beautiful plants look in the role of a background for smaller monophonic plants. Then the lower belt is monophonic, and the upper one shimmers with different colors.
You need to choose the right place to plant, because cosmea can interfere with the growth of other plants, especially if you plant them too close, in a small area. It tends to spontaneously spread.
Cosmey can fill the empty space between the beds or create from them seasonal informal hedges that cover the unattractive parts of the garden.
A flower requires a lot of space, looks better from a distance. Usually planted and grows, creating large clusters of plants of different colors. The free nature of the rabatka fits, it looks beautiful on the lawn, flower garden, flowerbed surrounded by a lawn, planted with a narrow strip along the fence.
There are many varieties with beautiful, drought-resistant flowers - simple and double, one and two-tone.
Low-growing and dwarf varieties with a dense crown are recommended for:
- rabatok
- Landing along the tracks
- rocky gardens.
High varieties can be planted near the walls of houses, to close uninteresting hedges with them.
The combination of several varieties of cosmea planted over a larger area gives the composition an unusual charm. It gives the impression of a meadow, which will be an interesting idea for garden lovers with an informal view.
The plant can be planted in large groups in arid, undeveloped and desert corners of the garden. Bright flowers attract insects that collect nectar in the yellow centers of inflorescences. Sparrows and Carduelis feed on cosmea seeds.
Low-growing varieties can be grown in pots.
Cosmea perfectly performs the role of a cut flower - it can stand up to a week in a vase.
Cosmea flower propagation
Cosmos twice-feathery is easily propagated by seeds - they are sown in the ground in early spring. To speed up flowering can be grown through seedlings. True, this method is rarely used (landing in this case is carried out at the end of March - April). Seeds are large, seedlings grow rapidly, and if necessary, they can be easily transplanted to a new place. Cosmos germinates 5-14 days after planting seeds in the ground. Flowering is quite long: it begins in July and lasts until frost.
COSMEY (Cosmos)
- The name of the widespread garden annual from the Astrov family, which is often called Cosmos, Beauty. His homeland is Mexico, Brazil and all of central America. Plant this sunny and spectacular beauty at your place, your garden will be transformed, it will become bright and elegant. With proper care, the cosmea will thank with magnificent magnificent flowering.
Cosmea, or Cosmos flower
Previously, this plant was not mistaken for a flower, but thanks to the work of breeders, new varieties of cosmea have been bred, which now adorn our gardens and delight us with their bright and delicate flowers almost all summer. The fruit is an elongated achene without crest.
These are mainly the two most popular types.
Cosmos bifinnate (C. bipinnatus),
Cosmos sulfur-yellow (C. sulphureus).
Cosmea of the first species / h2 is a plant 60-120 cm high. It has a strongly branched stem densely covered with openwork threadlike leaves, and large (12 cm in diameter) white, pink, dark cherry flowers, very similar to the well-known chamomile.
There are very interesting varieties of cosmea twice-cirrus:
'Sea Shell' with flowers folded into a tube around the edge,
'Sensation Mixed' with pink, white, red flowers,
'Candy Stripe' with white and red colors.
Cosmea sulfur yellow
- It is a stunted (40-70 cm) and heat-loving plant. It has wider leaves, and the flowers themselves are painted in different warm colors of yellow, bright orange and red. They bloom a little later (in the month of July) than the flowers of the cosmea are double-pinnate.
Flower lovers are well aware of cosmic varieties with an orange color / h2:
'Sunset' - semi-double,
'Klondyke' - terry,
'Sunny Gold' - dwarf.
Cosmea or Cosmos Flowers
How to care for the beautiful cosmea? / H2
Beauty Cosmea is thermophilic and loves a sunny location. Even in a light shade, its stems are stretched, more leaves grow on them, but much less fasten buds. Cosmea flowers are cold-resistant and able to bloom until the first frost.
Water the plant
necessary only when the earth dries up and at the beginning of active growth. Fertilizers are not so important. For example, top dressing with a high nitrogen content can only do much harm - the plant will stretch and it will be bad to tie the seeds.
Cosmea is resistant to many diseases and pests.
In wet summers, it can suffer from snails and slugs. To combat them, you can arrange traps, collect manually or use chemicals that are sold in a sufficient assortment in specialized stores.
Withered flowers should be removed in a timely manner in order to maintain decorativeness, extend overall flowering and rid the flower garden of self-sowing next year. Tall single specimens are tied to a strong support, so as not to break. In addition, the bushes can be trimmed and formed in the form of a ball, pyramid, cube.
In the autumn, after the first frosts, the stems are cut and harvested in compost. The roots rot over the winter and turn into an excellent fertilizer.
Cosmey reproduction
(seed cultivation)
Cosmea: growing from seeds Cosmea can be grown by seed and seedlings. It is better to buy fresh seeds at the end of winter, in the future you can use your own. Sow in the flower garden in the spring (in April-May) in deeply cultivated land. Traditionally, the seeds are lightly pressed to the soil, watered and sprinkled with a small amount of earth. In warm weather, seedlings will appear after 1-2 weeks. As soon as the seedlings reach 5-10 cm, thin them, remove weak ones, and leave the distance between the specimens up to 40 cm, given the height of the variety. The tops of plants, reaching 40-50 cm, it is desirable to pinch. This procedure will lead to an increase in bushiness and the appearance of numerous new buds.
If you decide to grow a cosmea flower from seedlings, do not buy very elongated and poorly branched plants. Seedlings should be compact with a well-developed root system. Cosmea grown in room conditions will delight you with flowers much earlier.
Using cosmea in the garden.
A solar flowerbed for a beautiful woman is an ideal place in any garden. Cosmea flowers are suitable for filling voids in flower beds where perennials are planted: panicled phlox (Ph. Paniculata), monarda (Monarda). It looks great in plantings with other annual plants: sticky prickly (C. spinosa), verbena (V. bonariensis). It is harmoniously combined with flowers of a similar color: black shavers ((Tagetes), calendula (Calendula), sunflower (H. annuus), round-leaved titonia (T. rotundifolia), as well as with perennial gelenium (Helenium) and hairy rudibia (R. hirta). Cosmea is also good as background landings along fences and fences.
In addition, cosmea can be grown in container containers on the balcony. To do this, it is necessary to provide the flower with sufficient watering and the necessary fertilizing. This cosmic flower is beautiful in bouquets, the main thing is to put a little sugar in a flower pot, it is able to extend the life of flowers for 3-4 days.
Cosmea: a bit of history and a botanical description
Cosmea or cosmos(Cósmos) - Asteraceae plant. At first glance, you can notice its great resemblance to chamomile. However, a careful study shows that these flowers are completely different from each other. Cosmea is distinguished by bright and saturated shades, long petals and a mass of various varieties. It can be described by the following characteristics:
- the stem is thin and straight, in height it can reach from 50 cm to 1.5 m,
- many branches of pale green color,
- leaves are thin, like thick threads,
- the center of the inflorescence is represented by many yellow tubular flowers (by analogy with most complex plants),
- oval petal, stretched along from the center of the flower,
- flowers can be pink, white, red, burgundy or chocolate,
- the top of the stem can be decorated with one flower or a whole placer.
The flowers are distinguished by a delicate aroma, therefore they attract winged pollinators without problems. In vivo cosmea grows extensively in South and Central America. She appeared in Western Europe thanks to the Spanish sailors. Now this plant is used there to decorate decorative flower beds and private gardens. It can also be found along roads and in the fields, where it grows as a beautiful weed.
Features of seeds: removal and selection for sowing
Seeds suitable for planting can be harvested even in cold climates. The plant is unpretentious, so the planting material will sprout in any case. Cosmea seeds in assortment are presented in all flower shops. However, most gardeners prefer to use their planting material. They remove it from adult plants in their area. This procedure has the following nuances:
- Flowering lasts a long time, so it is not necessary to wait for its completion to collect seeds.
- Planting material is collected in early autumn from those flowers that are already dried.
- Seeds have a long shelf life. They are able to ascend within 3-4 years after collection or purchase.
Self-seeding principles
Cosmea is a wild-growing flower, therefore it is capable of propagating by self-sowing. In autumn, seeds spill out of inflorescences to germinate next spring. If there are no complaints about the variety and characteristics of the flower on the plot, you can let it multiply on its own.
Important! The plant tends to be cross-pollinated. If 2-3 different varieties of cosmea grow nearby, it will be impossible to achieve a fair color when propagating by self-sowing.
When to plant cosmea?
Cosmea sowing time depends on which method of cultivation was chosen. This can be a planting in open ground seedling method. Their nuances are presented in the table below.
Table 1. Timing for planting flowers.
|Sowing time
|When the plant blooms
|Cultivation Regions
|Mid March - First Decade of April
|Early summer
|In cold climates. In such regions, it is usually not possible to achieve cosmea flowering in open ground due to the short summer.
Open sowing
|Mid July - early August
|For regions in the middle zone of Russia. In territories where there are no severe frosts, and cold weather in March is already receding.
In both cases, the first sprouts may appear within a week after sowing. If the street is still cool, in the open ground, the cosmea can germinate in 12-14 days. This garden culture loves warmth, but can get used to light frosts. Therefore, if suddenly in the spring the frost "hit", you should not panic.
Important! For timely hatching of seeds, the air temperature at the planting site should be kept at 12-15 ° C.
Step 1. Select and prepare the seeds.
As planting material, you can choose seeds of different varieties and create a group bright flower garden. Seeds have an elongated shape and average size, in one gram of planting material they contain about 200 pieces. Preliminary stratification and soaking in potassium permanganate are not required. The material can be seeded immediately in dry form.
Important! Elongated seeds are usually placed vertically in the hole. However, for cosmei, this landing method is not recommended.
Step 2. Find a place
Cosmea feels good next to fruit trees. Fragrant flowers attract butterflies that help pollinate the entire garden. In addition, the future habitat of the plant can be selected according to the following recommendations:
- The presence of the sun and the absence of strong winds. Cosmea needs a well-lit place without drafts.
- Part of the hedge. This variety of garden crops can grow, so it is ideal for hedges. Cosmea can be planted as an independent "living fence" or as an addition to the gaps in the hedges from other plants.
- Neighborhood with other colors. Cosmea gets along well with other types of plants. However, to create an aesthetic flower garden, a tall cosmea needs to be planted behind the rest of the flowers.
- Indoor flower garden. Low-growing varieties can be planted in a pot and put on the balcony. If the loggia is closed, cosmea will delight with its inflorescences before the onset of severe frosts.
- Border support. Cosmey of undersized varieties can be planted next to the borders to further decorate and arrange them.
In some cases, cosmea is used as an insect bait. So, she is planted in the garden to attract lacewing. And those, in turn, contribute to the destruction of mealy worms, thrips and aphids.
Step 3. Prepare the soil for planting.
For cosmei, any universal soil is suitable. But before landing, you need to prepare it:
- drain soil that is too thick with sand or wood chips,
- well loosen the soil to provide seeds with access to oxygen and water,
- feed with organic fertilizer and slightly moisten.
It must be borne in mind that it is impossible to over-feed the plant. Otherwise, he will start the active development of stems and leaves, and there will simply be no strength left for the formation and ripening of flowers.
Important! If the soil is not fertile enough, it can be fertilized with complex mineral compounds. A mixture of liquid cow manure and superphosphate is a good fit. The procedure is carried out once a season.
The algorithm for sowing cosmea seeds in open ground
When the soil is ready, it is time for sowing seeds. A nesting or solid landing method can be used. The sowing algorithm in both ways will be as follows:
- Level the bed. If the nesting method is chosen, shallow holes are made at a distance of 30 cm from each other.
- 3-4 seeds are placed in each well. Top planting is covered with a thin layer of earth. The pits should be no more than 1 cm deep so that the seeds germinate optimally.
- With the continuous sowing method, the seeds scatter in the selected area without creating holes.
- After sowing in any way, the garden is watered. This should be done carefully so as not to erode the seeds. It is best to spray the soil well with a spray bottle.
When the first shoots with leaves appear, they will need to be thinned out. Leave only strong strong shoots, removing weak shoots. Weed sprouting should also be monitored: they must be regularly harvested.
Principles of growing seedlings from seeds
This method is chosen by gardeners who want to receive flowers as quickly as possible. In this case, the first inflorescences appear already in early summer. Also, the seedling method is relevant if you want to create a flower garden on the site with a strictly defined arrangement of plants. When planting seedlings it is much easier to achieve the desired geometry.
Sowing seeds
So, the action algorithm for the seedling method will be like this:
- Find a low wide drawer or individual cups for sowing cosmea.
- Fill containers with breathable soil. You can buy universal soil in the store. The earth needs to be thoroughly loosened and moistened from the sprayer.
- Seeds are evenly distributed over the surface of the soil. If planting occurs in separate cups, 2 seeds are placed in each. They need to be slightly pressed with a finger into the soil.
- Sprinkle the seeds with soil is not recommended, as for pecking they need a lot of light. It is enough to spray them with water and cover with glass or film.
- The resulting mini-greenhouse with future cosmeas is put in a bright warm place with an air temperature of +18 ... +20 ° C.
- The film must be slightly opened regularly to ventilate the plantings and eliminate condensation. As the soil dries, the soil is moistened. Watering should occur no more than 1 time per week, so that plantings do not begin to rot.
- The first shoots should appear in about 1-1.5 weeks. After that, the film is completely removed, and the temperature is reduced by 2 degrees.
- Young growth needs to be thinned, removing weak sprouts. You need to leave a distance between the flowers of about 10 cm.
Strong young growth can be hardened. The procedure is carried out approximately 2 weeks before transfer to the open ground. For hardening, boxes with seedlings are taken out to the balcony or to the street. On the first day, plants spend 10-15 minutes in the fresh air, gradually this time increases.
Important! If you plan to create flower bushes with a plentiful crown, you need to pinch off the grown shoots after hatching the 7th leaf. But in this case, flowering will come much later.
Transfer of seedlings to the garden
The optimal time for transferring seedlings to the ground is mid-May. At this time, constant warm weather is already set on the street, and severe frosts are already excluded. Young shoots for transplantation should stretch by about 6-10 cm. The transplantation algorithm along with the nuances is presented in the table below.
Table 2. Algorithm for transferring cosmea seedlings to open soil.
|You need to choose a sunny spot on the leeward side. A few days before the planned planting, shallow holes for young growth are dug there. Low-growing varieties should be located 30 cm from each other, tall - 40 cm.
|Wells need to be shed well with settled water. For transfer it is recommended to choose evening time for two reasons:
Plant tying (similar to tomatoes)
|Tall plant varieties are best tied up so that unexpected gusts of wind do not break the thin stem.
Pinching the apex (similar to other plants)
|When the plant stretches to about 50 cm, you need to pinch the tops of the shoots. So it will be possible to stop the excessive growth of stems and begin to form bushes.
It should be remembered that cosmei are pollinated crosswise. Therefore, it is better not to plant different varieties of plants nearby.
Important! No need to delay the seedlings at home: so she will get used to the greenhouse conditions and may not survive the transfer to the street.
How to care for kosmey in the open ground
Young cosmea requires closer attention than an adult plant.
- Watering. Plants do not require frequent watering. It is enough to supply them with water once a week, but plentifully. 3-4 buckets of water are poured under each plant. The best time for watering is evening, when there is no strong heat.
- Loosening. After the earth dries out a little from watering, it needs to be loosened. This procedure will help the roots develop well.
- Weeding. Young kosmey need to weed regularly. Weeds take food and liquid from watering from a flower, therefore, they interfere with normal development. Adult plants are able to independently control weeds.
- Fertilizer. Cosmey feed three times a season. The first procedure is carried out before the formation of buds, the second - in the process of ripening, the third - before flowering. The drug is optimal "Bud": they need to spray the plant.
- Pruning. It is necessary to regularly remove diseased branches, dried shoots and wilted inflorescences. Tall plants are periodically pruned to form a beautiful crown.
- Pest control. Cosmeas are rarely threatened by pests, but sometimes they can be attacked aphid and slugs. In the fight against the former, they are sprayed with a special solution from a flower shop, and the latter will have to be collected manually.
Cosmea may be infected Fusarium. This is a disease in which leaves turn yellow and fall off. They treat the plant with fungicides.
What to do with cosmea after flowering?
After the plant has completely faded, you need to carry out two procedures. It:
- Seed removal. To prevent seeds from scattering, wilted buds need to be wrapped with gauze bags. After darkening the seeds of the inflorescence can be removed.
- Preparing for the winter. In the fall, a perennial cosmea is cut off. A stalk no more than 15-20 cm high should remain above the surface of the earth. In order to prevent frost from damaging the root system of plants, they are covered with coniferous branches or a dense layer of dried grass.
Cosmea - A unique plant that provides many ideas for landscape design. Using these flowers, you can arrange a bright hedge, create a decorative flower garden in a flower bed or hide an ugly wooden fence behind tall plants. And cosmey is actively used for landscaping city parks and flower beds.
Use in garden design
Cosmos is appreciated in landscaping as a culture, which makes it possible to relatively quickly create an inexpensive flower in execution and a simple flower to maintain. It is advantageous to place this plant where it is necessary to create compositions blooming all summer long in large spaces. Most often planted in large groups, massifs imitating a plot of natural meadow. Partner plants - verbena, Turkish carnation, monard, lilies, phlox, nyvyanik, marigolds (high varieties), bluehead.