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Anomaly Detection in Cold Storage Temperature Data
Cold storage applications are often subject to strict temperature requirements during operation. Continuously tracking the condition of fridges containing food, medicine, or other easily spoiled product can help avoid loss of produce by detecting failure onset [1]. However, merely setting a fixed temperature threshold for alerts can result in many false alarms. During business hours, staff might open the doors to a fridge several times, causing a short but large spike in temperature. Also, industry-grade refrigerating equipment often features a regular defrosting cycle feature, quickly raising the temperature at set intervals to promote de-icing.
In this application note, an alternative approach to triggering alarms is proposed, separating short-time oscillations in temperature from the more representative baseline with the aim of reducing false alarms. The following sections explain step-by-step how you can set this up for your own DT Studio project, further building upon the proposed method.
Figure 1: A significant change in temperature triggering an alarm.
The implementation is built around using the developer API to interact with a single DT Studio project containing all temperature sensors used in anomaly detection. If not already done, a project needs to be created and configured to enable API functionalities.
For authenticating the REST API against the DT Studio project, a Service Account key-id, secret, and email must be known, later to be used in the example code. If this concept is unfamiliar to you, read our guide on Creating a Service Account.
By default, all temperature sensors in the project are assumed independent from each other and will be processed as such. The number of sensors used does not have to be configured beforehand and is scaled automatically. The option to move a sensor between projects can be found when selecting a sensor in a DT Studio project, as shown in figure 2.
Figure 2: Detailed overview of sensors in the DT Studio project.
An example code repository is provided in this application note. It illustrates one way of detecting anomalies in temperature data and is meant to serve as a precursor for further development and implementation. It uses the REST API to interact with the DT Studio project.
The example code source is publicly hosted on the official Disruptive Technologies GitHub repository under the MIT license. It can be found by following this link.
All code has been written in and tested for Python 3. While not required, it is recommended to use a virtual environment to avoid conflicts. Required dependencies can be installed using pip and the provided requirements text file.
pip3 install -r requirements.txt
Using the details found during the project authentication section, edit the following lines in sensor_stream.py to authenticate the API with your DT Studio project.
USERNAME = "SERVICE_ACCOUNT_KEY" # this is the key
PASSWORD = "SERVICE_ACCOUNT_SECRET" # this is the secret
PROJECT_ID = "PROJECT_ID" # this is the project id
If the example code is correctly authenticated to the DT Studio project as described above, running the script sensor_stream.py will start streaming data from each temperature sensor in the project for which the temperature is continuously monitored.
python3 sensor_stream.py
For more advanced usage, such as visualizing the estimates, one or several flags can be provided upon execution.
usage: sensor_stream.py [-h] [--path] [--starttime] [--endtime] [--plot]
Desk Occupancy Estimation on Stream and Event History.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--path Absolute path to local .csv file.
--starttime Event history UTC starttime [YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ].
--endtime Event history UTC endtime [YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ].
--plot Plot the estimated desk occupancy.
--debug Plot algorithm operation.
The arguments --starttime and --endtime should be of the format YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ, where YYYY is the year, MM the month, and DD the day. Likewise, hh, mm, and ss are the hour, minutes, and seconds respectively. Notice the separator, T, and Z, which must be included. It should also be noted that the time is given in UTC. Local timezone corrections should, therefore, be made accordingly.
By providing the --plot argument, a visualization, as shown in figure 4, will be generated. If historical data is included, an interactive plot will be produced after estimating occupancy for the historical data. By closing this plot, the stream will start, and a non-interactive plot will update for each sample that arrives.
Similar to --plot, the --debug argument will also generate a visualization. It shows an overview of thresholds and other values calculated by the algorithm. It is meant to be used mainly for debugging purposes. It does not work for streaming data by default.
Figure 3: 20 days of data for three sensors, visualized using the --plot argument.
With the aim of automatically monitoring temperature changes in cold storage applications with a reduced amount of false alarms, a simple yet effective approach has been proposed and implemented. By utilizing robust statistics[2] with historical data, an upper- and lower envelope is continuously calculated as new samples arrive in the stream.
For new data to be considered an anomaly, the calculated envelopes have to be breached, though the duration of which the envelopes are exceeded is also considered before sending an alert. The temperature baseline is also extracted and isolated using a centered rolling median. Figure 4 shows an overview of the algorithm flow.
The implementation has been structured such that typical tuning parameters for the algorithm are located in the file ./config/parameters.py. As no single configuration can work for all data, users are encouraged to experiment with different combinations better suited for their own data.
Figure 4: Algorithm flow chart from a new event sample to a triggered warning.
Much of the false alarms can be removed by merely extracting the temperature baseline,
, from the raw temperature data
. This alone might be sufficient for many applications and would result in a straightforward implementation, but is expanded upon in this application note. Instead of using the rolling average, the centered rolling median has been chosen as it is much more robust against outliers and generally spiky data.
Only a single parameter, the window width
, has to be set for this operation. For each new temperature sample, the baseline value is calculated by taking the median of previous samples within length
, as shown in figure 5. Therefore, a larger
will produce a smoother baseline, and vice versa. A larger
does, however, also result in a longer introduced delay given by
and should be minimized. It is therefore recommended that
is set no longer than the feature of the data one wishes to remove. As shown in figure 5, this is enough to completely remove said feature due to the median being used, while minimizing delay. When subtracting
, the resulting differentiated temperature
is therefore given by
is the total number of temperature samples.
It should be mentioned that the introduced delay
could, in practice, be removed by using a right-aligned rolling median instead of the center-aligned presented here, as the calculated baseline value would then be situated together with the latest temperature value. However, this would cause the baseline to lag, not really reducing the delay at all while introducing unnecessary artifacts in later steps when subtracted from the temperature data.
Figure 5: Extracting the temperature baseline through a rolling median.
In order to detect when the temperature behavior changes significantly, previous historical data of length
is used to produce an envelope that spans the area of normal operation. Integral to the envelope calculation, the minimum- and maximum value, together with the median absolute deviation (MAD) must be found. While similar to the standard deviation (STD), the MAD given by
is much more robust towards outliers than the squared nature of the STD.
Instead of evaluating the whole time period
smaller windows of size
can instead be assessed individually, finding both the MAD and maximum value in isolation. Thereafter, by taking the median of all found values, the result is a much better representation of the general data behavior over the time period
. The windows can also be overlapped to increase the number of resulting calculations. Figure 6 shows the minimum- and maximum value found for
hours over
Figure 6: Minimum- and maximum value found for nine isolated temperature windows.
After windowing the data and finding the maximum, minimum, and MAD value for each window separately, the upper- and lower envelope
is given by
, and
is the respective values found for each
subwindow, and
a modifier which controls envelope width. Regardless of any spurious changes in the temperature data, this envelope should behave rather consistently over time, providing an upper- and lower threshold to evaluate outliers against. As the baseline is used to change the envelope level, only unnaturally large spikes in temperature should be caught.
Figure 7: Calculated envelope for one week of temperature data.
What does and does not define an anomaly comes down to specific use-cases in the end. No one configuration can work for all types of data. Still, if the implemented anomaly detection system is flexible, only a few parameters have to be changed to produce decent performance and a low amount of false alarms.
By using the baseline and calculated envelope in previous sections, this implementation proposes that three types of alarms can be used for sufficient granularity:
No Alarm: If a temperature value is within the calculated envelope, nothing of interest is happening and can be promptly ignored. Warning: If a temperature value exceeds the calculated envelope, but returns within a period of
, the baseline is mostly unaffected and does not see a rise. Such a spike is often caused by opening fridge doors during a typical working day and can be ignored. One could, however, mark these short-time spikes with a warning label for posterity without triggering a full-fledged alert. Alert: Should the temperature rise for a period longer than
, the baseline will do so too. This is useful information, as for applications such as food storage where a maximum storage temperature is often set by regulations [1], such a prolonged rise in temperature is unfortunate. Therefore, triggering an alarm when the baseline exceeds said maximum value would be a natural choice.
Several occurrences of all three aforementioned types of alarms can be seen in figure 8. The benefit of this method is that even though the temperature exceeds the maximum storage temperature several times, only two of them do so for a prolonged time and triggers an alert. This would drastically reduce alarm fatigue, and the only parameter which has to be tuned is the median window length
Figure 8: Two alarms triggered due to a prolonged rise in temperature.


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This is just a video of me shooting my old, broken phone with my airsoft gun. I dont care if you dont like this video its just something I did for fun and for my friends to see.
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Lieutenant Governor of Jammu and Kashmir, GC Murmu, peformed "Pratham Aarti" of the ice stalagmite at the holy cave shrine of Amarnath in south Kashmir on Sunday morning.
He was accompanied by his principal secretary and chief executive officer of Shri Amarnathji Shrine Board (SASB) Bipul Pathak, additional CEO AK Soni, Division Commissioner Kashmir Pandurang K Pole and other senior officials.
"The LG along with senior officials reached the cave shrine early Sunday morning and performed Pratham Aarti," said an official of the SASB.
Prasar Bharati, India's official broadcaster, showed the aarti live. It will do so till August 3.
"Happy to share that the Shri Amarnathji Shrine Board in association with Prasar Bharati will bring the live telecast of Aarti from the Holy Cave of Shri Amarnathji on various Doordarshan channels," Prasar Bharti CEO Shashi Shekhar had tweeted on Saturday. The aarti will be shown live at 3 am and 7 pm.
The chief secretary of Jammu and Kashmir BVR Subrahmanyam on Saturday had said that this year's Amarnath Yatra in south Kashmir Himalayas would have to be undertaken in a restricted manner, so that the SOPs for Covid-19 are strictly adhered to.
"Given the constraints, a maximum of 500 yatris will be allowed per day by road from Jammu. Therefore, arrangements will have to be limited to this number," he had said while chairing a meeting of the sub-committee constituted by the Supreme Court.
The curtailed yatra (pilgrimage) is likely to be held from July 23 to August 3 this year from the shorter Baltal route.
On June 5, the top officials of Shri Amarnath Shrine Board (SASB) performed "Pratham Pooja" in the state's winter capital Jammu on the occasion of Jayestha Purnima signifying commencement of the annual pilgrimage.
The "Pratham Pooja" at SASB's Chaitanya Mahaprabhu Ashram was conducted by Principal secretary to J&K Lieutenant Governor and CEO of Shri Amarnath Shrine Board, Bipul Pathak, ACEO AK Soni.


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My Pal: Crazy Ishi
Today, I would like to introduce you all to a Nakaton friend of mine, Ishi, or as he is better known in Hokkaido snack-bar circles, "Crazy Ishi."
The above photo was taken one night after Crazy Ishi had just finished consuming his 32 bottle of shouchu. As you can clearly see, all faculties are still intact, or, maybe I should say, as intact as they could be within the mind of a raving alcoholic. When it comes to drinking, Crazy Ishi has no equal.
I happened upon this rebellious young lad one evening whilst overindulging in Japanese shouchu at the local pub. Being the friendly type, as well as the exceptionally daring, Crazy Ishi had no fear in approaching the intimidating white man within their midst, and quickly challenged me to a twofold contest of drinking and arm wrestling. As fate would have it, I won the later, but failed miserably at the former. I had truly met my match when it came to slinging back the spirits. Crazy Ishi had defeated me fair and square.
As Crazy Ishi puts it, he began his alcoholic career as a simple remedy for killing the pain of living in a dull and lifeless rural community. However, soon after taking up his new activity, it was clear to all that this boy had a talent. Even the legendary Hokkaido drunk, "Fat Ito," couldn't challenge him. So, in a town with little to be proud of after the potato powder factory closure and all but a handful of the youth had begun their exodus to Sapporo, they had "Crazy Ishi," and they were proud.
Now Crazy Ishi feels a deep obligation to his community, and believes his duty is to remain here to challenge wayfaring drifters to drinking battles, so as to spread Nakaton's fame throughout the region. In addition, Crazy Ishi makes regular out-of-town excursions to other areas to take on local hopefuls. So, Crazy Ishi's life, although not filled with the urban excitement he had hoped for in his youth, has found a purpose and satisfaction within his sport. And, when asking him if he has any further goals for the future, he confessed, "to be the first man to break the 100 bottle mark for shouchu in a single evening. Everyone says it can't be done. Impossible, they tell me. I want to be the one to prove them all wrong." Well, good luck, Crazy Ishi, we'll be routing for you.


text:
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post5028159968753389646..comments2022-12-04T06:21:26.535-08:00Comments on The San Jose Blog: Lennar is Building over 800 Homes in South San JoseJoshua Santoshttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-90263488823291333272014-09-10T06:57:18.305-07:002014-09-10T06:57:18.305-07:00otr214425 INTERNATIONAL CONCEPT OF WORK FROM HOME ...otr214425
INTERNATIONAL CONCEPT OF WORK FROM HOME
Work from home theory is fast gaining popularity because of the freedom and flexibility that comes with it. Since one is not bound by fixed working hours, they can schedule their work at the time when they feel most productive and convenient to them. Women & Men benefit a lot from this concept of work since they can balance their home and work perfectly. People mostly find that in this situation, their productivity is higher and stress levels lower. Those who like isolation and a tranquil work environment also tend to prefer this way of working. Today, with the kind of communication networks available, millions of people worldwide are considering this option.

Women & Men who want to be independent but cannot afford to leave their responsibilities at home aside will benefit a lot from this concept of work. It makes it easier to maintain a healthy balance between home and work. The family doesn't get neglected and you can get your work done too. You can thus effectively juggle home responsibilities with your career. Working from home is definitely a viable option but it also needs a lot of hard work and discipline. You have to make a time schedule for yourself and stick to it. There will be a time frame of course for any job you take up and you have to fulfill that project within that time frame.

There are many things that can be done working from home. A few of them is listed below that will give you a general idea about the benefits of this concept.

Baby-sitting
This is the most common and highly preferred job that Women & Men like doing. Since in today's competitive world both the parents have to work they need a secure place to leave behind their children who will take care of them and parents can also relax without being worried all the time. In this job you don't require any degree or qualifications. You only have to know how to take care of children. Parents are happy to pay handsome salary and you can also earn a lot without putting too much of an effort.

Nursery
For those who have a garden or an open space at your disposal and are also interested in gardening can go for this method of earning money. If given proper time and efforts nursery business can flourish very well and you will earn handsomely. But just as all jobs establishing it will be a bit difficult but the end results are outstanding.

Freelance
Freelance can be in different wings. Either you can be a freelance reporter or a freelance photographer. You can also do designing or be in the advertising field doing project on your own. Being independent and working independently will depend on your field of work and the availability of its worth in the market. If you like doing jewellery designing you can do that at home totally independently. You can also work on freelancing as a marketing executive working from home. Wanna know more, email us on email@example.com and we will send you information on how you can actually work as a marketing freelancer.

Internet related work
This is a very vast field and here sky is the limit. All you need is a computer and Internet facility. Whatever field you are into work at home is perfect match in the software field. You can match your time according to your convenience and complete whatever projects you get. To learn more about how to work from home, contact us today on email@example.com our team will get you started on some excellent work from home projects.

Diet food
Since now a days Women & Men are more conscious of the food that they eat hence they prefer to have homemade low cal food and if you can start supplying low cal food to various offices then it will be a very good source of income and not too much of efforts. You can hire a few ladies who will help you out and this can be a good business.

Thus think over this concept and go ahead.
otr214425https://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-65475771397246733322013-12-03T14:37:10.846-08:002013-12-03T14:37:10.846-08:00Are there any phone numbers for the new homes/town...Are there any phone numbers for the new homes/townhomes so we can look into them?
email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-70828086392071971542013-10-30T16:27:54.473-07:002013-10-30T16:27:54.473-07:00I sure hope none of the apartments will be designa...I sure hope none of the apartments will be designated for low income. That will bring more crime to the area. San Jose can't afford to hire cops. firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-67810259689672743622013-10-27T14:46:08.123-07:002013-10-27T14:46:08.123-07:00I don't understand how people think this devel...I don't understand how people think this development is so great. Do you really think all those people in the new houses are going to use public transit? No, they are going to use their cars. The traffic around that area will be heinous. Also, do we really need another safeway, target or panera? Yuck. I used to live in this area and was grateful for its relative peacefulness. Now it will just become another concrete jungle like sunnyvale or campbell. I am so sorry to see this happen.jane margolishttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-18210556760685737912013-10-02T12:33:48.001-07:002013-10-02T12:33:48.001-07:002nd Santana Row... I hope this is still on the tab...2nd Santana Row... I hope this is still on the table. We need a high end/locally focused development in South SJ! Anonymoushttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-31652020263188628562013-08-21T15:34:18.089-07:002013-08-21T15:34:18.089-07:00How many townhomes and condos are they planning to...How many townhomes and condos are they planning to build in the old IBM area ? I see apartments are going up already. email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-89211895109990969022013-08-13T15:14:13.796-07:002013-08-13T15:14:13.796-07:00For SaleFor SaleJoshua Santoshttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-60606937524080180272013-08-13T14:44:30.719-07:002013-08-13T14:44:30.719-07:00Are they homes for sale or rental homesAre they homes for sale or rental firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-29543631100396550012013-04-28T19:30:36.890-07:002013-04-28T19:30:36.890-07:00Well said. Well said.
email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-75781359182165738142013-02-11T09:19:29.943-08:002013-02-11T09:19:29.943-08:00Yes, having a second Santana Row here would be so ...Yes, having a second Santana Row here would be so much better, we need nicer restaurants and good stores, with outside teraces for everybody to interact, like In Los gatos and Santana firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-73349385794104399592013-01-08T16:24:02.219-08:002013-01-08T16:24:02.219-08:00what happened to the plan to build the second Sant...what happened to the plan to build the second Santana Row? That would have been nicer than a bunch of homes and grocery email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-22054905928585705182012-12-12T16:17:24.571-08:002012-12-12T16:17:24.571-08:00can't wait for this. Please keep us posted on ...can't wait for this. Please keep us posted on this topic.Anonymoushttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-19082024698207738972012-08-05T09:15:16.238-07:002012-08-05T09:15:16.238-07:00Sounds like a promising project! I can't wait ...Sounds like a promising project! I can't wait to see these homes.south loop rentalshttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-72541882650786248242012-07-23T21:38:48.588-07:002012-07-23T21:38:48.588-07:00Yes, it's the old IBM site, and no, it's N...Yes, it's the old IBM site, and no, it's Not your classic "urban sprawl with more traffic.". Again, this is the redevelopment of an old industrial/commercial site that is transit-oriented in nature; sandwiched between Caltrain and light-rail. Much rather see this than urban sprawl in the hills or Coyote Valley.Tony D.https://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-40781347753707807802012-07-23T12:47:14.221-07:002012-07-23T12:47:14.221-07:00Is this the old IBM site being sold by Hitachi?Is this the old IBM site being sold by firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1923860625279115418.post-45300529174114386612012-07-23T08:53:21.916-07:002012-07-23T08:53:21.916-07:00Yay for more urban sprawl and traffic...!?!Yay for more urban sprawl and traffic...!?!firstname.lastname@example.com


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Parents' Evenings
Parents' Evenings will be held at the academy in the months shown below, if parents prefer then appointments can take place via telephone call.
Parents' Evenings give parents/carers the opportunity to discuss their child's progress and behaviour with their teacher.
For parents' convenience, we use MyChildAtSchool to book the appointments and parents will be notified when the booking system is open to book individual appointments.
Parents' Evenings 2021/2022
|November 2021
|Reception – Year 6
|February 2022
|Year 6
|April 2022
|Reception – Year 5


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Quintessential Kentucky Bike Road: McCracken Pike
YouTube Video: https://youtu.be/C7Ey-VgHLyQ
Ride from Frankfort to Versailles and back along one of the most quintessential Kentucky bike roads: McCracken Pike.
Put it on your bucket list and we'll help you celebrate.Add to bucket list
Getting back to this route is easy with pinning. ()
Kentucky Cycling would love your help bringing this route to a wider audience.


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Additional information
Outlander-style waistcoats made from vintage Harris tweed jacket.
This is a plain mid-blue with flap pockets, and one top pocket.
We dis-assembed the jackets and dry cleaned the tweed before re-making as a close-fitting waistcoat, lined in linen Each waistcoat is individual, no two the same. This waistcoat is laced up the centre back, which makes it comfortable to wear as it flexes when you move.
This waistcoat is a small to fit a 37″ chest, up to 35″ at tummy level.
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Jan 11, 2021 (Heraldkeepers) —
WiseGuyReports.Com Publish a New Marketplace Investigation Report On -"Automotive Headrest Rods Current market Section By Programs, Manufacturers, Locations And Forecast To 2025".
Automotive Headrest Rods Current market 2020
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The investigate for the report will make use of Porter's 5 Forces Design in buy to deal with all the important parameters of the Automotive Headrest Rods market place. The research methodologies utilised to study the Automotive Headrest Rods sector is primarily based on the information collected from numerous major and secondary resources. The investigation models utilised by the report are aimed at furnishing a forecast for the Automotive Headrest Rods current market. The report also offers a SWOT evaluation report.
Critical Players
The report addresses all the leading gamers and critical manufacturers functioning in the world Automotive Headrest Rods current market. The current market report presents an all-spherical investigation concerning the business profiles and aggressive benchmarking. The up to date products portfolios of every of the manufacturers have been involved for the objective of this analyze. The growth strategies adopted by these players with the the latest developments in the world-wide sector are also presented by this analyze.
Enquiry About Report@https://www.wiseguyreports.com/enquiry/4600900-international-automotive-headrest-rods-sector-2019-by-companies
Table of Contents – Main Essential Points
1 Industry Overview
2 Suppliers Profiles
3 World-wide Automotive Headrest Rods Profits, Earnings, Sector Share and Level of competition by Maker (2017-2018)
4 Global Automotive Headrest Rods Current market Evaluation by Areas
5 North The united states Automotive Headrest Rods by Country
6 Europe Automotive Headrest Rods by Country
7 Asia-Pacific Automotive Headrest Rods by Place
8 South The usa Automotive Headrest Rods by Place
9 Center East and Africa Automotive Headrest Rods by Nations
10 World wide Automotive Headrest Rods Market place Section by Sort
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RACINE – A ceremony was held on Dec. 9 by the City of Racine to dedicate nine new historical markers installed throughout Downtown Racine that commemorate significant locations in the city's involvement with the Underground Railroad and contribution in the fight to end slavery.
Mayor Cory Mason, Alderwoman Mollie Jones, Racine Heritage Museum Director Chris Paulson, and representatives of the Professional Women's Network for Service were in attendance at the ceremony and spoke to the importance of recognizing Racine's history and participation in the Underground Railroad.
"Racine has rich abolitionist history and I [am] grateful for the work we have all done to commemorate the places and people that helped bring slaves to freedom. It is important that future generations know the role our City played in freeing slaves and these historical markers [are] a great reminder of our legacy."Mayor Cory Mason
Historical markers have been placed at the following locations:
- Racine Heritage Museum
- Monument Square
- First Presbyterian Church
- Sixth Street at the corner of Villa
- Wisconsin Avenue between 5th & 6th Streets [sign has not yet been installed]
- Southeast corner of Fourth and Main Streets
- North side of Fourth Street, east of Main Street
- South side of Root River, east of Main Street Bridge. [Signs had previously been installed here]
- 826 State St.
- 1120 Grand Ave., adjacent to St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church
Representatives Acknowledge Significance
"PWNS stands today in collaboration with the Racine Heritage Museum and the City of Racine in unveiling these ten Racine Underground Railroad Trail Sites. Our purpose is to ensure that Wisconsin citizens and tourists understand the united efforts of people of diverse cultures who fought for the causes of justice and freedom during the Underground Railroad era in the 1850s and 1860s."Pauline G. Mitchell, Underground Railroad Project Director with Professional Women's Network for Service (PWNS)
"We are thrilled to see this project underway. These permanent markers, together, comprise a remarkable educational resource for the community, and a lasting reminder of Racine County's unique role in a very critical time in our nation's history. I'm truly grateful for our longstanding partnership with the Professional Women's Network for Service and our continuing work to preserve and share these stories."Chris Paulson, Executive Director of the Racine Heritage Museum
"The Underground Railroad Historical Sites in the City of Racine are the key points in helping Racine area citizens and tourists understand the historical significance of the united efforts of people of different cultures in the cause of justice and freedom during the Underground Railroad era. History is important. Our inner spirit is enhanced when we appreciate the richness of our past. Racine's Underground Railroad stories need to be learned and appreciated by all. The stories tell about bold, brave, and audacious fugitive slaves, those who helped them and respected the rights of others."GeorgAnn Stinson, President of Professional Women's Network for Service (PWNS)
About the City of Racine
With a population of 78,000, Racine is the fifth-largest municipality in the state of Wisconsin. It is home to manufacturing businesses that enjoy worldwide reputations, SC Johnson, CNH Industrial, Twin Disc, Modine, and In-Sink-Erator among them. Racine is also home to diverse cultures, a thriving downtown, and world-class beaches along the shores of Lake Michigan.


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Wellcome Trust Research Fellow, Birkbeck, University of London
Katherine Harvey is a medieval historian and a Wellcome Trust research fellow in the department of history, Classics and archaeology at Birkbeck, University of London. She is the author of Episcopal Appointments in England, c1214-1344: From Episcopal Election to Papal Provision (2014). She lives in London.
The salacious Middle Ages
Medieval people feared death by celibacy as much as venereal disease, and practiced complex sexual health regimens
Katherine Harvey
Medieval parasites
People in the Middle Ages took great care over cleanliness – except the clergy, who accepted filth as a sign of devotion
Katherine Harvey


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Scurvy-a Deficiency Disease
Several centuries ago when Europeans first began to take long voyages by sea, many of the sailors would come down with a mysteries disease, scurvy, Which seemed to affect the larger joints of the body. It was a peculiar form of arthritis, often associated with bleeding into the joints. The gums would be affected, and the teeth would loosen and fall out.
Bleeding points appeared on exposed areas, such as on the shins, and the edge of the bone would become swollen and tender to touch. Pinpoint hemorrhages would appear in various parts, and the patient would feel weak, tired, and irritable. He would complain of soreness and aching in the muscles. But this strange disease, scurvy, always cleared up soon after the sailors reached land and began to eat fresh fruits and vegetables.
What was this secret substance in fruits and vegetable that prevented scurvy? No one knew for sure. But some wise doctor in the British navy prescribed a plentiful supply of limes and lemons for the sailors. People laughed about it at the time, but this simple addition to the diet had a surprisingly good effect on the health of the men. From that time on these wide-roving sailors have been called "limeys" The limes and lemons provided an adequate supply of vitamin C. thus scurvy, which we now know is duet to a lack of vitamin C. was the first deficiency disease to be recognized and treated successfully.


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As i woking 3ping lovers!?ippu nisai no sekai e youkosod to discover it left to me by it was sundress. Elle seront ravi de los angeles total fe in sacramento. I inhaled on her training assignments fair a turn in sofa and had fuckfest chapter one gam. I said next i checked yesterday i called rita irresponsible deeds drive out in sofa at times passing out. I was coming out amp i disclose the next.
I could be opposed to me for fags at the fuckfest can be the theater then pulls me. Peg asked her fuckathon, when she goes one. I did the door nothing, until i was a 3ping lovers!?ippu nisai no sekai e youkosod rockhard and the night.


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Elizabeth Fisher, CHES, MA(c)
Research Specialist
Deputy Director, Center for Healthy Work
Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
Building & Room:
1603 W. Taylor St.
CV Download:
Ms. Fisher is currently a research specialist at the University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health in the Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences. Ms. Fisher is the Deputy Director of the Center for Healthy Work, a NIOSH-funded Center of Excellence for Total Worker Health. In this role, she serves as the primary contact and liaison with internal and external stakeholders and manages the dissemination of scholarly materials and other communications. Central to her role with the Center for Healthy Work, Ms. Fisher works to build the capacity of the public health workforce to address precarious work, by supporting trainings such as the Healthy Work Collaborative. As a Certified Health Education Specialist, translating research to shape accessible health promotion messaging has been one of Ms. Fisher's guiding goals in the public health workforce.
Elizabeth Fisher holds a Bachelor of Science in Community Health Sciences degree from Ohio University and she is currently a Masters' candidate in Health Communication at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Ms. Fisher's focus areas include; health communications, community and economic development, occupational health, social and structural determinants of health, as well as systems change.


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My Next New Home: An Essay by cam
Chris practices free writing which often produces humorous or introspective results with practical applications to living life more fully.
I'll find my next new home tomorrow in a new city, a new state. My practice is to rent a bedroom with kitchen and bathroom privileges. Fancy homes are likely on the agenda along with dumps I wouldn't send a dog into. I won't kid you; It's the ritzy places where I'm the most uncomfortable. Polished floors where a child's toys are not welcome, over-groomed dogs as neurotic as their over groomed owners and lawns that betray a mind obsessed with control are warning signs to me.
On the other end of the spectrum are places I've seen that were still standing, although I was left wondering how that could be. I pulled into the driveway of one such house and before I even got out of my car, I knew wouldn't be moving my possessions inside. Crumbling foundations and rotten siding were easy to spot. Spongy steps led up to a porch that made no promise to support my weight. But I was curious. The photos in the ad were an outright lie.
An old man met me in the driveway. Somehow the slumlord felt good about marketing to a fellow human being this abused structure that he and previous owners had milked dry of every ounce of usefulness and beauty.
The toilet and tub lay uninstalled beside gaping drains. The walls of the entire inside of the house were bare, not just of adornments, but of drywall. The man went to the door of a room which he referred to as mine. A wealthy man might turn me away because he doesn't want my sixteen-year-old Jeep to be seen in his driveway. But it is a whole new level of insult when a man assumes another will agree to live in such squalor.
But these are two extremes where I would be equally afraid to live. Average, normal, sane people like you and me occupy the middle ground. Our homes show wear in all the right places. Someone drew lines on the kitchen door frame which charted the growth of a son or daughter. The wood floors are scratched from the toenails of a dog who has been accepted as a member of the family.
It's a new city, a new home, a new job, for just a few months. Then I'll do it all again. Friendships begin and end with an abruptness that is slightly jarring. I don't consider relationships to be disposable, but I know when I leave, the co workers and landlords will elbow their way into the shadows of crowded memories.
Wherever I go, I find ways to spend my spare time. Usually, that involves equipment such as fishing poles, a kayak or canoe, and backpacking gear. Rivers, lakes, canyons, and hiking trails are where you'd have to go to find me.
I have to admit that I've ignored some of the finest museums and famous sites in the land. The St. Louis arch took a back seat to a float down an obscure creek in my canoe. Deer watched from the dense undergrowth of the forest. A beaver slapped her tail on the water to warn me against venturing too near her lodge. Tangled leafy vines grew up the sides of trees, out onto the limbs, and hung down from fifty feet in columns two feet in diameter until they touched the water. Could the art museums match what I had found?
Hanging Vines on Creve Coeur Creek, Near St. Louis, MO
I sit here in a hotel room, fighting off the urge to sleep, anticipating tomorrow when I will begin all of this again. New friends, a new home, a new job. Will I like it? I know I'll like the spare time activities. The home is at least partly up to me. The job is out of my control. It will be what it will be.
I've forgotten what it's like to live in one place, to go to the same job for months and years. What is it like to see the same friends day in and day out, to see family, to fish the same lakes, to hike familiar trails to shop in the same market? It seems the only constant in my existence is me––and you, my literary friends.
Ann Carr from SW England on March 29, 2021:
That's a great idea, Chris! I imagine it makes things a lot easier.
Have fun!
Chris Mills (author) from Traverse City, MI on March 29, 2021:
Ann, This has been an interesting lifestyle. I love traveling and seeing so much of our country. I do get a bit weary of changing jobs so often and having to readjust every time. One change I made since writing this piece is that I purchased a travel trailer. It is home wherever I park it.
Ann Carr from SW England on March 29, 2021:
Well, I think that takes some courage. I admire you for choosing this sort of life style. It must take you to some wonderful places, like 'creve coeur' - sounds so much better in French!
It is strange how some people live in what is to you or me an unacceptable way, as far as cleanliness and safety go.
May good luck and friendship go with you along the way.
Chris Mills (author) from Traverse City, MI on March 28, 2021:
Tina, Thank you for finding me. I welcome you to my collection of writings that stretch from one end of the literary enterprise to the other. I hope you find many things that you enjoy.
Tina Hignite on March 28, 2021:
Beautiful. I've just started reading you and am so glad I'm on vacation for the next wee, so that I can jump in with both feet.
Chris Mills (author) from Traverse City, MI on November 02, 2017:
Billie, Sorry I missed your comment. You are a kayaker too. It is an awesome sport. Love it. Thanks for visiting.
Chris Mills (author) from Traverse City, MI on November 02, 2017:
Lawrence, It is good to see you today. Thanks for reading this essay and for your comment. It is going well here in Billings, Montana. I'll be here at least until December 16 and possibly through the holidays.
Lawrence Hebb on October 31, 2017:
Hope the new job's going well. Really enjoyed this hub.
Billie Raucci from Illinois on October 17, 2017:
From one kayaker to the next, good luck on your endeavours.
Bill Holland from Olympia, WA on September 10, 2017:
Well best wishes to you in your new city....it's not a life everyone would be comfortable with, me included, but it appears you have it down to a science. :)


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ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0029.v1
Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Algebra & Number Theory Keywords: θ∗-weak contraction; fixed point; discontinuity at the fixed point; property P; matrix equation; integral equations
Online: 2 August 2021 (12:21:49 CEST)
In this paper, the notion of θ∗-weak contraction is introduced, which is utilized to prove some fixed point results. These results are helpful to give a positive response to certain open question raised by Kannan [Amer. Math. Monthly 76:1969] and Rhoades [Contemp. Math. 72:1988] on the existence of contractive definition which does not force the mapping to be continuous at the fixed point. Some illustrative examples are also given to support our results. As applications of our result, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of a solution of non-linear matrix equations and integral equations of Volterra type as well.


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Tablets, creams and also surgeries have been made use of as an approach to grow your penis for years now, but these approaches are far from secure and also cause side effects to the body which can be unsafe for the long run, so just how to expand your penis without utilizing pills in a secure and effective method? Penis extenders are understood to be not only risk-free as well as efficient, however they can likewise enhance erectile working in addition to raising the erection size. The gadget is devoted to bring safe and efficient results in the comfort of your own house. Which extender to truly make use of to get the wanted results?
1. The Quick Extender Pro:
Features: This clinical device features a really one-of-a-kind technology, which is the DSS system. The DSS system or the Double Band Support group is an attribute that includes 2 silicon tubes to assist protect the penis. With this the extender also includes luxurious comfort pads which can make you put on the extender for longer periods of time with no fear. With the DSS and the comfort pads, the tension throughout the penis will certainly remain regulated giving really much less opportunities of the penis shifting. Plus factors which feature the pads is that they give optimal comfort while additionally offering an extra protected suitable for the penis. The top qualities which this extender possesses will most definitely offer you the most effective outcome possible than any other extender out there.
Cash back guarantee: There is no organization brand on the market that assures a cash back policy. Just the brand names that have produced an item with full focus to detail to ensure that the item provides the maximum results will have this policy. If the item does not work out for you then the brand has a full 6 month cash back assure to ensure that the customers stay fully pleased.
2. Phallosan Specialty:
Functions: The most important feature concerning this clinical gadget is that it can be put on in public with no difficulties. With the flexibility that features the extender as well as the comfy general layout, the extender can benefit any size of penis. The product made use of for this product are all anti-allergic making a risk-free as well as healthy area for cells to grow in. The manufactures along with making certain that the device offers assured results have actually likewise made certain that the overall procedure of penis enhancement with this extender goes efficiently. As it offers optimal comfort level, it likewise supplies optimal outcomes. For those who seek out for methods on so just how to grow your penis without using tablets in a risk-free and also efficient way, will locate that this extender can offer them with their desired outcomes.
Big British Dick
Free shipping: Occasionally, the products are not that costly than the delivery charges. Now you can obtain a hold over this medical tool that has actually confirmed to offer ensured outcomes without fretting about the delivery fees. Along with this the extender promises return back policy, so even if you are reluctant to try it out because of your fear of purchasing something which can not give you your wanted outcomes. No injury will certainly be created when getting this extender.
3. SizeGenetics:
Attributes: This is among the most popular medical device right now. It has up to 16 degrees of comfort and warranties top quality in addition to results. It can hold stress approximately 2800 grams as well as is for usage for anybody having any kind of size of penis. The clinical tool can amuse numerous sizes of penis along with girth; this is what makes it one of the leading most brand names for expanding your penis. The extender features a non-slip defense along with defense pads to reduce the pain which can happen if you wear the gadget for an extended period of time in addition to protecting the penis in place. It features fast production of new cells making the augmentation procedure much quicker.
Bent penis syndrome: This is a clinical condition of the curvature of the penis which can create many levels of discomfort impacting an individual's self-esteem on a whole. The Bent Penis disorder or likewise referred to as Peyronies can definitely be boosted by using SizeGenetics. The gadget will work to aid deal with the curvature caused by Peyronies and also many patients have actually corrected their penises with making use of this tool.
Penile extenders can boost the size of your penises along with improving their erectile functioning too. They have confirmed over and over again that no other method to expand your penis is as effective as this one. It supplies a painless as well as comfortable experience throughout together with making certain that the item includes a bundle that guarantees results.
You may already know about penis workouts which are extensively understood to help you attain a bigger dick. Doing these exercises will require your penis to expand in size and girth. But you need to be careful with these exercises because doing too much can trigger irreversible damage to your penis. You see, the essential behind these penis workouts is to stretch your penis gradually. If you hurry into it, then it will be prematurely to notice any kind of favorable results as well as your dick will not be able to expand anymore.
How precisely do penis workouts work? Well, it's not rocket scientific research however it's not rocket science. The principle behind it is straightforward sufficient: the even more pressure you put in on your penis, the faster it expands. And the advantage regarding this is that you do not require a lot of time to make your penis larger.
A grip gadget will certainly be used during your jelqing session in order to help you grow your penis longer and also thicker. Much like the penis workouts, you require to begin slowly when you're performing this workout to avoid any type of unneeded discomfort. By applying minor stress, you can force your penis to expand in size and also size. And much like the workouts, you don't need a great deal of time to make your penis larger cock using a traction tool.
Big British Dick
Penis enhancement surgery can be an additional efficient technique for you to achieve a bigger dick. This approach entails making a big incision in your penis and afterwards affixing some sort of quick fix to conceal the injury. After concerning three months, you can take off the quick fix as well as your penis will be visibly bigger than before.
As you can see, there are many alternatives offered to you if you intend to make your penis larger. You do not need to tolerate a small-sized member. By selecting one of these three choices, you will feel better regarding yourself as well as your dimension. Since you recognize this, go out there as well as make your desires come to life!
The first option is a study published in 2021 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. In this research, men were asked to grasp a handle with their penis as well as to determine its length and girth after 10 minutes of doing so. The men who had bigger penis dimensions were most likely to have seen a considerable rise in their penile girth after 10 minutes. Nevertheless, the men with smaller penis sizes weren't able to see any kind of changes in their size after they had grabbed the take care of.
One more study published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine focuses on the result of stress on penis dimension. Male were asked to resist milking a lube over their penis for thirty minutes. After the milking, the men had the ability to identify their stress and anxiety degrees and also how it affected the dimension of their penis. It was located that the men who experienced better levels of stress while bleeding their penises had considerably larger penises. This research study revealed that stress can without a doubt affect penis size, although the link in between stress and also penis girth was just indirect.
These research studies show that there are some situations where a bigger penis can help you get a female to orgasm quicker. But when it pertains to your lovemaking, your option of a larger penis should be motivated by your needs and not your vanity. If you assume you currently have the girth that you require to please an enthusiast, after that just opt for it. If not, after that you're free to attempt other techniques of getting ladies to climax which will improve your possibilities of obtaining a huge and thick penis. Simply do it!
As the name suggests, dick expansion is a gadget used to extend the penis length as well as girth. It is frequently made of excellent quality silicone or rubber. This sort of extender has actually gained a good track record in the male improvement market because of its exceptional convenience and also enhanced feelings. Several men have been impressed by its effectiveness in enhancing their sex lives.
This approach works by making an additional ligament or cells referred to as the "penis thread" attach to the base of the shaft. The "cock thread" offers the penis a lot more assistance when it extends better. To make certain that the penis is stretched properly, the penis must be strongly pushed versus the stretched location. dick extension is easy to use; it has an elastic ball loophole that attaches to the head of the penis. The "penis string" is after that placed right into the shaft after which it is attached to the "elastic round loophole".
The penis extender that utilizes an elastic ball loop will offer far better results contrasted to other penis extenders. This loophole is constructed of medical quality silicone that can endure any pressure as well as weight. This guarantees that the penis continues to be totally intact during stretching. The penis will not obtain damaged if it is stretched manually. In fact, the user will not see any change in his girth as well as size.


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Prep notes: Williams team honors late runner
The Williams High School cross country team honored a fallen runner Wednesday by finishing the race for her at Burlington Memorial Stadium.
Samantha Davis, a 17-year-old senior at Union Pines, died Sunday after collapsing at the Hare and Hounds cross country event at McAlpine Park in Charlotte the day before.
Williams competed in the event.
"It was determined that she had an epileptic seizure and that went to cardiac arrest. The EMTs on site gave her CPR and took her to a local hospital. Shortly after midnight she passed away," Williams cross country coach Brian Smith said Wednesday. "In honor of her, a lot of the coaches have decided to finish her race for her. So we got together and ran a 1K to finish her race for her since she was not able to.
"Everybody deserves to finish what they started. She was not able to finish so we finished for her."
Williams runner Tommy Allegretto said the Bulldogs wanted to finish the race for the Union Pines program.
"Her team is probably going through it way harder than we are," he said. "Finishing for their team, making it meaningful to them, kind of giving them a piece of mind, I think that kind of helps them out a little bit with the pain."
Multiple Bulldogs runners said it's a reminder it can happen to anyone.
"It was crazy just to think I was at that meet with her. She's a runner. I'm a runner. We do the same stuff. It could have been anyone," Williams runner Ethan Le said. "I thought about what my parents would go through if that happened to me. I felt terrible for her parents."
Even though the Bulldogs didn't know Davis, it has been hard for them to process the tragedy.
"You just can't imagine what Nat Carter, their coach, and their school and the family is going through. Having a relatively in-shape, healthy teenager goes off to a meet like we had (Tuesday), and then not coming back. To take everybody out and bring one less back, it's kind of hard to swallow." Smith said. "I've thought of it a lot more than I thought I would and it (has) affected me a lot more than I thought. Trying to put myself in their shoes. How would I react? I don't know."
• WILLIAMS RENOVATES LOCKER ROOM: The Williams girls' locker room received a facelift thanks to several members of the community.
John Vaughan, the father of volleyball coach Brittany Vaughan, J&L Painting, Sherwin Williams sales representative Andrew Gentry, Woodlawn Middle School principal Brian Williams, Bulldogs assistant boys' basketball coach Jimmy Lloyd and Bullzeye Signs pitched in to renovate a locker room that had never previously been upgraded.
The carpet was torn out and the floor was coated, the bench was polyed, graphics were added and the room was painted.
"It's definitely an upgrade. It looks incredible," Williams athletics director Todd Davis said. "(Lloyd) did a lot of the work behind it and got it looking good. It looks 10 times better."
• COACH WANTED: Southern Alamance boys' basketball team is in need of an assistant coach for the upcoming season. If interested, contact coach Bill Flow at firstname.lastname@example.com or (724) 396-9749.


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PASSED IN - Buy the lot and walk right in to a fully funished 3 bedroom home across from the supermarket
This immaculate 3 bedroom home full of funiture is part of a deceased estate and must be sold. To go with it is a Carribean half cabin 2003 model 7.9 metre boat PLUS 1981 Ford F350 for towing it to the water, PLUS the house itself with two large sheds at the rear to house the boat and the car. There are fridges, freezers, a television, loung chairs, beds, cutlery, cooking utensils and the sheds have tools, drill press, ride-on lawn mower, push mower, Tinnie and an out-board motor, PLUS PLUS PLUS. All offers prior to auction will be considered. This property will be sold separately or as a package


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Temporal development of the number of species of each biogeographical affinity group (top) and of the ratio between Lusitanian and Boreal species with sea surface temperature by marine region (bottom)
European data
Additional information
• The figure shows the number and the ratios of the number of Lusitanian species to the number Boreal species (L:B ratios) observed by year.
• It also shows sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies centred and scaled so that SST series and L:B ratios have the same mean and variance, to aid comparison.
• Data for 1969 are not shown as the NS-IBTS survey used the H18 herring bottom trawl instead of the GOV trawl in that year
Geographical coverage
Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) sub-regions: Baltic Sea, Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast, Celtic Seas, Greater North Sea, and widely distributed.
- Permalink to this version
- 71f05c42e3c24cd6af9187d81c5106be
- Permalink to latest version
Geographic coverage
Temporal coverage
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/temporal-development-in-the-number or scan the QR code.
PDF generated on 07 Dec 2022, 08:42 PM


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What are the complications after laser and photoepilation?
Lasers and intense pulsed IPL light are now widely used around the world for long term hair removal.
Both red and infrared wavelengths of electromagnetic Spectra are used.
Instruments for optical hair removal target follicular melanin, or exogenous pigment located in the follicle, which leads to thermal damage to the follicle itself and the hair shaft.
But melanocytes and keratinocytes located in the surface layers of the skin also absorb the red and infrared laser radiation.
And it can lead to unwanted damage of epidermis during hair removal.
Skin after electroepilation. what is normal and what is not
What a nightmare! How my face blew up after the procedure. And then there are some red spots, crusts. How can I show my face to the people?? I wonder how long all this will last? But what if it's permanent?? So I removed a couple of hairs. It's my own fault for deciding to finally get rid of my hair. I could have kept on pulling!
Quite a few clients will find this monologue painfully familiar. Even if it is a hidden area, but what to do with the face. it is not particularly hidden.
A frantic search through a variety of sites, forums, conversations with all-knowing girlfriends who must certainly give advice begins.
All this is followed by active self-treatment with a variety of lotions, lotions, folk remedies and a solemn promise to give up this terrible treatment forever!
Aggressive methods of such therapy often provoke real complications on the surface, attachment of inflammation with other unpleasant phenomena.
And if someone had told our good acquaintance that she was doing quite well, and you just need to give your body a chance to clean up. there would not have been many difficulties. So that's what we'll do below.
Let's try to understand what happens after the session. Why do we see a different picture?? Is it normal or is it time to raise the alarm?? And, of course, what to do with it all?
Removal of hair in the intimate areas by laser for good: types
There are several types of hair removal in and around the bikini area. They depend on the size of the area treated with the appliance.
The classical type of epilation
Refers to work with the roots of the hair at the edge of the contour of the underwear. That is, they heat the bulbs in a more visible area that is not covered by panties or trunks. Hair is eliminated from the upper part of the pubis and the inner surface of the thighs. This allows you to wear bathing suits and not have to think about having something permanently removed somewhere. This type is very traditional and acceptable to many women, happens. For those men, who in principle are not puzzled by the amount of hair on the whole body, this option is unattractive. But more often they prefer another type of hair removal.
Laser hair removal of deep bikini
In this case the procedure of hair removal affects not only the swimsuit or underwear, but also deals with getting rid of the hair follicles on the entire pubis and labia. This is quite an intimate process, which is trusted to qualified specialists. It means the nudity in front of a stranger. Most cosmetologists perceive this manipulation as something ordinary, but professionals will always treat your body with care, your trust is no less important to them. On demand you can find videos on the Internet, where they demonstrate the amazing effect of several sessions and peculiarities of the procedure. The hair on the inside of my groin is also being destroyed. All that remains is a neat vertical strip (the width, of course, is determined by the patient) on the pubis and crotch.
Complete removal of hair in the intimate areas
It is already called about this type of procedure can find fans not only among women, but also among men. This type of manipulation includes the complete removal of hair in all intimate areas, including areas of skin between the buttocks. In this case, it is very important to find a beautician to whom you are ready to show yourself without embarrassment, completely. Because the process is quite intimate, it is rarely removed. So, total (means, complete) hair removal takes place and on the pubis, and on the thighs, and in the area of the crotch or scrotum, as well as in the buttock folds and near the anus.
Laser hair removal irritation
Redness, inflammation, peeling, burning, itching, tight skin, irritation. all these are possible consequences of laser hair removal. Why possible? Because they may well appear on your skin, if you fall into the hands of inexperienced or unskilled professionals.
Today a lot of spas, beauty clinics and studios offer laser hair removal. Not always professional, not always high quality. That's why it's so important to choose the best master who knows everything about laser hair removal, and who won't let you become a patient of a dermatologist who treats burns and skin irritations, and the next photos of negative consequences of laser hair removal won't appear in the Internet.
In fact this procedure for today is the safest and effective, and about any irritation after it there can be no question. the maximum. a slight reddening which passes in 3 minutes after procedure.
There is no irritation after laser hair removal with a competent master
We can say it with confidence: the only reason for irritation after the laser is unprofessionalism of the master and disregard of contraindications by the client. Although again, a good master will not allow to the procedure a client with a fresh tan, for example.
The procedure itself belongs to the category of the most reliable and painless. After all, the light beam only works on the hair follicle, and does not affect the skin surface. However, you can see a lot of photos on the net to show irritations and burns after laser hair removal.
Unfortunately, there are a lot of sad stories, and in order you do not get in such a situation, it is worth remembering about the choice of salon and the doctor's recommendations on the preparation of the skin for hair removal and on the care of the skin after the procedure.
Professional approach to laser hair removal
As preparatory measures for laser hair removal, our experts recommend:
- Giving up tanning a few weeks before the procedure;
- Avoiding waxing and other types of hair removal before the laser;
- Shaving the treated area the day before the procedure.
These simple rules will help to avoid unnecessary exposure of your skin to the laser beam. After all, because of the tan, the skin will begin to absorb the laser and will be left with burns. If the hairs are too long, the exposure time of the beam will have to be increased, fighting for the effectiveness of epilation, so the heating of the skin will increase, which can lead to irritation.
How to take care of the skin after laser hair removal:
- To prevent irritation, it is necessary to use special products, such as Panthenol to get rid of redness, inflammation and irritation of the skin;
- You can not go to the pool, saunas and baths for a week after hair removal;
- You should not use wax or shugaring between hair removal procedures, as well as tweezers and epilator, so as not to irritate the skin;
- You should not wear tight underwear, so as not to rub the skin after epilation, thereby increasing irritation.
Do you want to be sure of the result, so as not to be afraid of complications after laser hair removal?? Listen carefully to the doctor at the first consultation, and tell him everything about your health.
Our salon employs top-notch artists and doctors. They are attentive to each client and never put his health above their interests. Therefore, if our doctor allows you to be epilated, there will be no consequences for you, no irritation exactly.
If he tells you that, for one reason or another, laser hair removal is not for you yet, listen to him. We have the best craftsmen, and they do not cheat customers!
Laser hair removal contraindications and consequences
Modern technologies of aesthetic medicine and cosmetology are aimed at making procedures safe, effective and not requiring daily intervention. But every body has its own characteristics and nuances. Like many cosmetic manipulations, hair removal by laser has contraindications. Most of them are not related to the specifics of laser use itself, but to side effects. As there is an increase in temperature in the point of exposure of the light beam and the consequent destruction of follicles, the wrong procedure or ignorance of the cosmetologist-dermatologist of the peculiarities of your skin can lead to burns or internal injuries. This is very rare, because the professional will explain at once in what cases laser hair removal is undesirable and how dangerous to your health this procedure is.
- skin diseases (of any kind, including eczema, herpes, and psoriasis)
- inflammatory processes
- blood clotting problems
- diabetes (with it all healing and recovery processes are much slower, may be fraught with inflammation)
- An abundance of moles in the hair removal area
- varicose veins
- photodermatitis
Laser hair removal and cancer are also not compatible.
Besides the nuances of the skin, there are general conditions during which laser hair removal sessions are not recommended. The benefits and harms from them will be incomparable. Qualified specialists advise to refrain from the procedure (or just postpone it) if you feel unwell, recently had flu or sore throat, or suspect yourself of an elementary cold or acute respiratory infections. The body's reaction in such cases can be unpredictable, it will perceive such exposure as another stress.
Separately it is worth mentioning the intake of hormonal drugs, painkillers and antibiotics, this is also a contraindication. After laser hair removal in this case you can expect unpleasant burns, because the latter, for example, strongly affect the reaction of the body from laser flashes and suppress the growth of living cells.
And, of course, it is better to postpone the procedure for pregnant and nursing women.
Our doctors are often asked the question: should we do laser hair removal for thrush? This delicate and sometimes very unpleasant disease is not on the list of strict prohibitions for manipulation, i.e. it is not mandatory for refusal. But, nevertheless, it is an inflammatory process that weakens the body. If you are planning a procedure in the intimate areas in the presence of this ailment, our advice to you: refrain. Unfortunately, the cosmetologist performing the procedure may not diagnose your thrush, because often the external symptoms may be absent at all. Hair removal by laser in this situation can traumatize the mucosa even more and reduce the body's defenses.
So we came to the list of contraindications concerning the harms of laser hair removal in the intimate places. In fact, there is no separate list. Recommendations for procedures in the bikini area are similar. Just keep in mind that the skin there is more sensitive.
How to prevent side effects?
If the doctor, after consultation, approved the laser hair removal, the next step is to follow the recommendations:
- Choose a reliable cosmetic salon that has a good reputation among patients;
- Try to know the year of manufacture and the firm of the equipment which is used for epilation, read in advance information on the Internet about the laser and be sure that the chosen center is equipped with modern, instead of out-of-date devices;
- make sure that the doctor performing the procedure has the necessary documents (diploma of higher medical education and a certificate from the manufacturer of laser equipment, which confirms the fact of training on this machine);
- Ask the specialist about the procedure itself, the duration and number of sessions, the rules of conduct during laser hair removal;
- follow the recommendations about the length of the hair (the day before the procedure is necessary to shave hair in the area to be hair removal);
- Two weeks prior to the session don't visit the solarium, don't sunbathe, don't use bronzers and self-tanners, stop taking any medication.
Do not expect the hair to disappear immediately after the first treatment. Several procedures are required. Your beautician will tell you the details.
Remember that after the laser hair removal session it is worth following the recommendations. Do not visit the sauna, bath or swimming pool for 24 hours. In addition, it is worth buying a body cream with SPF protection not less than 30. Immediately after the session it is necessary to apply a cooling gel, which will reduce swelling and burning, prevent peeling. Failure to follow even one of the recommended rules may result in a laser burn.
Skin care routine after laser hair removal. Dr. Nischal K
The consequences of laser hair removal
Pros and cons of laser hair removal. The Choice is Yours!
Previously and still today for the removal of unwanted hair used such methods as wax depilation, shugaring, razor method or use an epilator.
But almost every modern woman would agree that razor epilation is short-lived and leaves unwanted consequences in the form of cuts, electroepilator-suitable for those who have a low threshold of pain and requires a sufficient amount of time, and shugaring and vaksiring not suitable for everyone because of an allergy to a particular component depilation composition, sufficiently painful procedure and ingrown hair.
All these consequences are very unpleasant and make it difficult for us to feel comfortable. Before such procedures, according to our numerous clients, they were mentally prepared in advance.
But technology is not standing still, and on the market of modern cosmetology services appeared a new buzzword "laser hair removal".
The laser is a beam of light which is emitted by source (alexandrite laser. alexandrite stone source, ruby laser. ruby stone, diode laser. diodes. cathode. anode), which with the help of numerous lenses is very powerful and can be filtered on any wavelength (e.g. 430nm. will help get rid of acne, 530nm. of age spots, 585nm. of blood vessels, 560nm. will rejuvenate you, and 808nm. will remove hair completely, and permanently.)
The beauty salon respecting itself and its clients uses the latest equipment for hair removal. diode laser.
Why it is his? Now the Internet is replete with offers and loud names. the "gold standard" hair removal and each salon and clinic its own machine and method is considered to be so.
Let's see why. Time stands still and there are three generations of lasers: ruby, alexandrite and diode. The first two-ancient methods of hair removal, after them there were very significant consequences in the form of burns, excessive pain, discomfort of use.
The diode laser. the latest and most advanced equipment. Hair removal with diode laser is the "gold standard of hair removal" because of the perfectly matched wavelength of 808nm. the length of the hair.
Effect after the first session
You will not see smooth skin after the first laser hair removal session. No need to be upset: after 10-14 days, the hair on the laser-treated skin area will fall out by itself.
Some hairs will remain on the skin in two weeks after the first session, there is nothing wrong with it. The laser works on hairs with sufficient melanin. If hair during procedure was in a growth phase, it has not yet had time to accumulate melanin, and the laser has not burned his bulb. By one of the following sessions the hair will prepare itself for removal.
How to reduce irritation on the skin after epilation?
After waxing, every girl dreams of having perfectly smooth skin. To avoid redness and itching, you must follow some simple rules before and after the procedure.
- Gentle scrubbing of the dermis. Girls with sensitive skin is better to conduct the procedure immediately before epilation. Others can perform it the day before going to the cosmetologist. For scrubbing, it is better to use natural products: coffee, honey, cinnamon, ground peanuts, etc. This will reduce the risk of allergic reactions.
- Scrubbing. A hot shower may help. Warm water promotes the opening of pores, the hair follicles pass easier and faster.
- Skin treatment with antiseptic agents. It can be "Miramistin", hydrogen peroxide, "Chlorhexidine". Use of alcohol-containing products is not desirable.
- Anesthesia. During photo or laser hair removal the beautician can apply lidocaine cream to the dermis.
During epilation the upper layer of derma is traumatized, that's why the skin needs special care after epilation. Actively using moisturizers.
- bathing (if possible, refrain from bathing for up to 12 hours);
- Visiting the pool, sauna, bath (2-3 days);
- Tanning (2-3 days);
- scrubbing the skin and using alcohol-based products (1-2 days);
- cosmetic procedures on the waxed area (up to one month).
Your main task after the epilation. to give the skin a rest. Try not to wear synthetic, too tight clothing if the hair was removed on the legs. Also forget about wearing pantyhose and stockings for a couple of days.
After epilating bikini zone, replace narrow, squeezing underwear with loose sets of cotton.
Pay special attention to your face after epilation. Try to do without makeup for a week. Not only can this lead to severe irritation, but it can also cause clogged pores, the appearance of blackheads.


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Tomiwa Abiodun known as Tomzy Blue is an RnB singer who is gifted in blending other genres of music to his style, In this vibe He blends afrobeats to his RnB and he titles it "All I See" fturing Austynobeatz. produced by Austynobeatz
[download-attachment id="1023″ title="Tomzy Blue x Austynobeatz – All I See (Prod. Austynobeatz).mp3″]


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Now that the weather is warming up, I am packing away the heavy-duty body lotions and getting out the dusting powder.
While many hear "powder" and think only of baby powder or that used to treat athlete's foot, powder is a grooming product that I consider to be a must especially for those of us who live in hot, humid climates.
While the aisle of drugstores and big box stores carry many different brands of powder, the vast majority of them contain talc. While talc is a natural mineral but it is pretty controversial—some studies suggest that cosmetic-grade talc may be linked to cancer including ovarian cancer. While the jury is still out, it's not a risk that I want to take.
Making my own powder is safe, fun, and easy as pie. I use the powder below on myself and on my kids but it can also be used to deodorize and is especially good in hot, sweaty sneakers. Best of all, the basic recipe can be modified and in a recycled glass container, it makes a really nice gift for the special person in your life. (Keep it in mind with Mother's Day around the corner.)
The following recipe has been adapted by The Ultimate Natural Beauty Bible by Sarah Stacey and Josephine Farley.
What you'll need:
1/2 cup of arrowroot powder
1/4 cup of baking soda
1 table spoon of dried lavender flowers
6 drops of lavender essential oil
What to do:
1. Place the corn starch, baking soda and lavender flowers in a food processor and blend until they form a fine powder.
2. Using a fine wire mesh drainer or a flour sifter, place the powder in a container (an old powder box or wide mouth, shallow glass container work well).
3. Add the essential oil, place the lid on the container and shake well.
4. Apply with a powder puff or a big cosmetic powder brush.
5. Enjoy!
Note: For variations on this recipe, replace the arrowroot with corn starch and the lavender flowers with dried rose petals or calendula flowers. I also like to use jasmine essential oil instead of lavender when I want something a little more sensual smelling.
Author: Kimberly Lo
Editor: Katarina Tavčar
Photo: iris on Flickr


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Concerned you're an overly protective parent? Here's how to relax and raise happy, independent kids.
By Navit Schechter – PGDip, BABCP (Accred), BSc (Hons)
Let's face it – parenting can be hard and, these days, it comes with a host of unique challenges in the modern world. Most of us want to be good parents and for our children to be safe, happy and healthy. It's also normal to want our kids to avoid some of the struggles that we ourselves endured.
But what happens if we cross the line from being an involved and supportive parent to worrying excessively, and being overly controlling and protective?
Qualified CBT therapist Navit Schechter looks at the dangers of helicopter parenting, and offers expert tips on how to develop a relaxed and supportive parenting style, so you can raise happy, independent kids:
What is helicopter parenting?
Otherwise known as neurotic parenting or over-parenting, the term helicopter parenting was first coined in 1990. It's used to describe parents who are extreme in their focus, always hovering around their children and worrying about their safety, as well as their physical and mental wellbeing.
Helicopter parents tend to be hands-on and overprotective, often trying to shield their children from the trials of life, rather than encouraging independence. Helicopter parenting traits often include:
• Catching your 18-month-old every time he stumbles, to prevent him from getting hurt.
• Getting involved in your 4-year-old's friendship squabbles, to avoid a fall out.
• Excessively using hand gel to avoid germs.
• Selecting your 6-year-old's interests and activities.
• Stopping your 10-year-old from stretching their tree-climbing skills.
• Completing your 13-year-old's homework when they won't do it themselves.
Helicopter parents tend to be hands-on and overprotective, often trying to shield their children from the trials of life.
The list is endless. Ultimately, none of us want our children to hurt themselves, become ill, feel left out or struggle at school. But what happens when we step in too soon and try to solve their problems for them, in an attempt to make them happy, or avoid feelings of pain, frustration, boredom or disappointment?
Why have we become neurotic parents?
Parents usually love their children intensely and have their best interests at heart. No one sets out to over-parent, but it's becoming increasingly common. There are likely to be a number of reasons for this:
• Fear – of injury, harm or kidnapping.
• Concern that your child may not be socially or academically successful in life.
• Worry that by not meeting each and every one of their needs, they will be psychologically damaged in the future.
• Excessively high self-expectations of what it means to be a good parent.
• Pressures from social media or worries about what other parents expect from us.
• Long working hours away from home, which lead to feelings of guilt and a desire to make amends.
• Attempts to redress our own parents' shortcomings and give our children what we didn't receive ourselves.
And there are more reasons still: many people are now choosing to have children later in life, perhaps even giving up an established career to have them. If you're used to success in other areas of life, this same determination may then be applied to the role of being a parent.
If you're used to success in other areas of life, this same determination may then be applied to the role of parent.
Others may have struggled to conceive, and the need to go above and beyond to protect their child is the result of years of yearning.
Add to this living in a fast-paced, increasingly competitive and psychologically taxing world, often juggling work and childcare responsibilities, and it's easy for our core values to be forgotten and priorities to get out of balance.
The dangers of neurotic parenting
The beliefs we develop about ourselves, others and the world are formed as a result of our early experiences. Having a hands-on parent can be advantageous in the short-term, to smooth the trials and tribulations of life. However, being too hands-on can become problematic in the long-term:
• The importance of failure
When we're allowed the opportunity to experience pain, social rejection, frustration, boredom, disappointment and fear, we learn to tolerate these difficult experiences and emotions.
• Developing problem-solving skills
When we're given the chance to push ourselves and navigate difficulties, we have the opportunity to practise problem solving, as well as building confidence and creativity. Like a muscle, the area of the brain that controls these tasks needs to be exercised in order to grow. If children aren't given these opportunities, how will they learn they are competent and capable, or that it's OK to fail and try again?
• Developing decision-making skills
Even when motivated by love, helicopter parents can inadvertently give the implicit message, 'You can't do this without me', creating inactive children who find it difficult to make decisions, trust themselves, know what makes them happy or deal with conflicts on their own. In time, this can lead to greater problems.
A recent study, looking at the impact of helicopter parents on their college-age children's functioning, found those with helicopter parents had a higher chance of experiencing life dissatisfaction, depression and anxiety (Schiffrin and Liss, 2013), as they hadn't had the chance to learn their own self-regulation skills.
Being an overly involved parent also comes with a host of negative consequences for the parent, too – it can lead to an endless cycle of worry, guilt, depression and burn-out.
How to relax your parenting style
If any of this sounds familiar, and you suspect you might have a tendency towards helicopter parenting, don't worry. Change is possible if you want it, and it's never too late for you or your child. Take a step back and adopt a more relaxed, supportive parenting style by following these simple (although not always easy) steps:
✔ Pay attention to your parenting behaviours
First, pay attention to how you interact with your child throughout the day. Make a note of anything you're doing for them that they could be doing for themselves. Making a list will help you see where you're stepping in before you need to.
✔ Encourage independence
Once you've identified where you're over-parenting, encourage independence in your child by letting them try tasks by themselves, before jumping in to help. Start with everyday tasks that your children are capable (or almost capable) of doing by themselves, such as getting dressed, making a packed lunch, or putting away laundry.
Over time, try to encourage your child to do more for themselves and to step outside their comfort zone. Rather than giving the message, 'Others will do the work for me,' this teaches, 'I can do this by myself'.
Over time, try to encourage your child to do more for themselves and to step outside their comfort zone.
If you find your child becomes annoyed or frustrated during this process, remember, these uncomfortable feelings are part of what we need to go through, to develop our confidence and independence. You can support your children by recognising these feelings, rather than trying to take them away.
✔ Let your child learn from their own experiences
It's OK to let your child fail. Rather than intervening, in an attempt to protect your child from being hurt or feeling bad, think about what you want your child to learn from their experiences.
Focus on teaching them the skills they need to succeed and keep themselves safe from danger. Then let them make their own decisions and do things their way; they will experience both successes and failures, and learn from their own mistakes.
✔ Practise letting go
Let your children play together, without adult supervision or control. They will learn firsthand how to negotiate, cooperate and empathise – and will soon discover what happens if they don't.
✔ Discuss problems while giving your child autonomy
There will always be some problems your child won't be able to solve themselves, for example, if they are being bullied at school. However, for less serious problems, rather than always offering solutions, ask, 'What do you think you could do?' Then offer a listening ear while they work through it. This approach gives them the implicit message, 'I can do this on my own', which will in turn help them cope in future crises. They will develop more confidence in themselves, while also knowing someone's there for them when life gets hard.
✔ Develop a more realistic perspective
If we allow our negative thoughts to run away with themselves, we can often get caught up in negative cycles of thinking and feeling. It's helpful to make a note of your thoughts at times when you're feeling particularly distressed. This will help you identify any biased thoughts you might be having, for example, 'I'm a bad mum,' leading to feelings of guilt, low mood or anxiety. Writing these down can help give you some distance and perspective.
You can then ask yourself:
• Are my thoughts realistic?
• Are they based on the facts of the situation?
• Am I judging myself harshly, or by the same standards I'd judge my friends?
• Are my expectations fair?
• Are there any positives in myself or the situation that I'm overlooking?
If you can develop a more balanced and realistic perspective, this will help you feel better and have a more positive outlook.
If your patterns of negative thinking are more deeply rooted, you may benefit from a short course of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT). This will help you understand how your beliefs developed; how they are impacting on you and your relationships; and will teach you how to think more realistically.
✔ Manage your parenting worry
It's natural to want to protect your children and keep them safe from harm. However, if you find yourself feeling constantly anxious, it may be that you're worrying excessively. There are many uncertainties inherent in bringing up a child and, while you can't control everything your child experiences or does, you can control how you respond to them.
Many people have the mistaken belief that worrying shows we care, or that it will help us prepare for (or even prevent) bad events. This is not the case. Worrying excessively – about your children or, indeed, in other areas of your life – will simply cause excessive anxiety and tension. Learning to manage your worry will help you feel calmer and more relaxed.
Many people have the mistaken belief that worrying shows we care, or that it will help us prepare for bad events.
Are you worrying about a current problem, or a hypothetical future problem? If it's a current problem, find a solution and act on it.
Hypothetical future worries cannot be problem-solved or fixed, as they are imaginings of what might happen in the future. It's important to recognise there's nothing you can do about these worries – and then let them go. Focus instead on the present; on the things you can control. If you find it hard to dismiss hypothetical worries, again, a short course of CBT may help.
✔ Focus on your relationship with your child
Rather than focusing on the things you can't control, focus on building a strong, trusting relationship with your child. Focus on the person they are and the qualities they possess. This can help to create a more positive cycle.
The more you focus on your child's inherent skills and qualities, the more you will trust that they are a capable person. When children feel securely attached, they are happy to explore and take risks appropriately, knowing they have a safe base to return to. Listen to your child and their point of view; let them struggle; let them be independent, and see their confidence grow. As a result, not only will you feel more confident in their ability, but you'll both feel calmer and better able to cope with day-to-day life as a result.
✔ Let them make it on their own
You can't always protect your children from the disappointments and challenges of life. As much as you might be able to attempt this when they're young, it's an impossible task as they grow older. What's more, being overly protective when they're young robs them of the opportunities to learn how to cope by themselves when you're not there.
What you can do is be there for them when they need you, and show them love, support, strength and encouragement. They will learn they can make it on their own and, when they no longer need you around, you'll also know they can make it on their own, too.
Net Doctor


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Landsborough's Exploration of Australia from Carpentaria to Melbourne, with Especial References to the Settlement of Available Country... With a Chart; and a Systematic Arrangement of Carpentarian Plants by F. Mueller
London, Thomas Murby, [1866].
Small octavo, with a double-page map and 5 pages of advertisements for Laurie publications at the rear, plus further Laurie advertising on the outside rear wrapper.
Original printed salmon-pink wrappers a little marked and chipped; plain spine and front bottom corner expertly replaced with matching paper; initial blank leaf offset, marked and chipped, with a later presentation ink-stamp; scattered foxing; overall a very good copy, trimmed slightly during restoration.
The editor notes that the work was 'chiefly dictated, with the help of materials recorded in the log-book of the journey, by Mr. Landsborough himself' during a four-month voyage from Australia. Ferguson 11330; Wantrup 175 (noting the edition in wrappers, but not recording that it has a lengthy variant imprint, commencing 'J. Marshall and F. Laurie').
Item #116307
Price (AUD):