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2p!England x Reader - Hide and Seek2p!England x ReaderHide and SeekDing-DongHurry and open the door, I have comeEven if you try to hide, it's no useDing-DongHurry and open the door, I have comeIt's already too late to run"Arthur? Where are you?" You yelled looking for him.You looked around outside. Arthur decided he was going to play hide and seek... at midnight. Gosh you really hated when he was drunk. He would do the craziest things and deny it the next day. You looked all around the outside of his house. You finally realize "I bet he went inside" 'Why didn't I think of that 15 minutes ago?' You thought to yourselfYou opened the door to hear silence. Arthur s
Alex's Heavenly Gift WARNING: This story contains pregnancy related belly inflation. Some stuffing and breast inflation are included as well. You have been warned.SECONDARY WARNING: I'm not a writer. Grammatical errors and poor sentence structure may be ahead (I tried, but I'm not sure). Alex was a good girl. She always did as she should and was nice to everyone. She never had to be punished when she was growing up either. Her parents loved her and other parents wished their kids were like her. Alex went through her life in a nice and 'safe' way. She didn't hang out with people who would get into trouble, she avoided drugs and alcohol, porn, R rated movies, and anything else that could be considered 'bad'. She had managed all A's through out school, she graduated top of her class in physics at her university, and she was now working on various scientific studies at the lab downtown. Today had been a normal day at the lab and a normal night at home. To sum it up in one word,
Dark Wings teaserScreams approached from all directions, blood now discoloring the emerald grass. There was no hope left here anymore. The world of Aria, home of the Angels, was now a dying planet. Aria was teaching its residents the repercussion of soiling ones thoughts with defamation. The verdicts seemed fair, for what they judged was deceitful from the very beginning.But the blood; there was so much of it, soaking the area around her. It splattered all across the grounds, the shadowy aura of the One with Dark Wings suffocated the scene, allowing the darkness to now completely swallow the light.
Rose The Killer Part 1Come to me....Come to me my child... "NO!" I yelped, sitting up suddenly in my bed. My blankets were on the floor, my skin was beaded with sweat, and my breathing was as rapid as my heartbeat."What is it? Whats the matter?"My bedroom light suddenly flicked on, revealing my father standing in the doorway, a startled look on his face."I-Its nothing... Just a nightmare." I sighed, squinting in the bright light. Dad just nodded and walked over to me, sitting on the edge of my bed."You know, your mom and Liu have been getting nighmares too... Im worried about it."I nodded sleepily. "Yeah..." They were always waking up in the middle of the night screaming."What happened in your nightmare?" He asked gently. I shivered."It was scary... someone was... No, something was calling me to come to them, over and over again. But it wasn't anyone I knew. The voice was the freakiest part... it sounded so unearthly. I couldn't see anything but I could feel that so
AllergiesAllergiesNicko was walking around. Actually he had no idea what he was doing at the party at all.'Oh yeah. Just because mum thinks I need to have a social life, instead of reading books…' he sighed.Sarah had invited the entire grade to a pool party at her house. It was a warm Friday night and everybody was enjoying themselves.Additionally to not really wanting to be here, Nicko was afraid of meeting Sarah. He had had a crush on her since first grade, but he'd never been able to tell her. She was the most popular girl in his grade. He was just the stupid nerd that got bullied all the time. There was no way he c
Sango's new RoleSeveral bodies were shown laying lifeless on the ground, the people not breathing or moving as wagons were overturned as it had been a caravan that had been attacked and the sounds of battle was heard.One figure dressed in a short dark blue outfit with dark green hair with a red ribbon and yellow sash across her waist leapt up and dodged a giant boomerang thrown at her. The boomerang whirled and returned to its wielder a brown ponytail haired women wearing black and red armor to cover herself and she caught it as it returned to her.You really think you can defeat me? The first one said to her opponent smirking down at her as s
An Unusual TravelerThe human must have been either exhausted, a naturally heavy sleeper, or both. She had hardly even stirred while being tied upside-down by her legs from the cave ceiling. Thick spider threads coiled around her ankles, the only thing keeping her from a deadly plummet to the unforgiving ground. Yet, she continued to snore softly, limp arms dangling downward.The giant dridder circled the intruder, glaring at every inch of the impudent little human, who was only about as tall as his hand. If he was not so irritated, he would find the situation amusing. He had found her near the entrance of his cave, sleeping on the ground and using her backpack
An Illegal Trade GT Ch.1An Illegal Trade"How much?"Zeke raised his golden eyebrows in surprise. "What?"I folded my arms across my chest, and let out a patient sigh. "How much? For the girl?"Zeke let out a large puff of smoke out of his cruel lips, and grinned wickedly. I could see the three of his golden molders, shining back at me- mocking my pained expression."You want her that much eh?" he chuckled- it was a terrible sound.I nodded impatiently and placed my clammy hands onto his wooden desk. "How long has she been unconscious?" I ask suddenly.Zeke shrugged and looked at the tiny girl'
The Dragon Mask [Dragon TF]It was a mask, one that would go completely over a face. But not a human face. In fact, this mask looked like it would fit a horse's face in a parade. This mask was dark cobalt blue, trimmed with silver lines along its edges.Desmond has been going for a stroll in the woods when he came across that particular mask. He couldn't have missed it: It was lying in a clearing, with moonlight reflecting off its smooth metallic surfaces.Attempting to see if there was anything to identify its owner, Desmond flipped it around and looked closely at the mask. There did not seem to be any marking or writing that would reveal the owner of the mask. Neither was there a label that indicated where it was made.All of a sudden, the mask began to feel warm in his hands.'Odd...'All of a sudden, the mask yanked itself out of his hands, towards his face.'What the-"He did not get to finish his sentence, as the mask had already went over his face. It didn't fit well over his face due to its non-human desi
An Illegal Trade GT Ch.2The girl gasped between sobs and gazed into my eyes with pure bewilderment. "But, why?"She was so freaking adorable… I couldn't help but stroke her trembling back with my thumb. It felt so strange yet so amazing to feel something so small against my fingertips…"You did nothing wrong," I breathed. "I can't explain why I did this- you wouldn't understand----""I know what this is!" she bawled. "Y-you- you drugged me then you raped me- and when that wasn't enough you shrank me so I could be some---some---!"I moved my forefinger to her stutter
Karasu - Part 16Though the satchel wasn't large, it had carried enough food to last Shichi for several days. He started slowly, eating only a few handfuls throughout the day, allowing his stomach to grow accustomed to digestion. His mind began to clear. He noted the positions of the sun and stars, making his way back towards the river. Only the mountains were cold enough for snow, and the brown earth began to reveal itself as he descended. With the soil came roots, and soon he had foraged a small stock to refill the bag.The river was a welcome sight. Though the water was chilled, he removed his shoes to wade into its embrace. The current was painfull
Spine scares a kidSpine walks frustratedly along the path in the park. He had been sure that getting out of the house would be a way to alleviate the stress that Rabbit had been placing him under, but Rabbit's insistence in coming along had rendered any possibility of peace impossible. With his fedora tipped low over his bright green eyes and steam venting frustratedly from his cheeks, he tries to ignore his older brother's presence.Rabbit had taken to throwing a ball at his back intermittently as they walked in an attempt to get him to 'lighten up'. On the contrary Spine was becoming angrier and angrier with each 'thump'
The Prophet's Daughter- Chapter 9Chapter 9- The First Day"Wake up, sleepy head," a deep voice whispered, gently nudging Abbie. She lifted her head and yawned. It was still dark outside. She rolled over to look at Andy."What are you doing up? It's too early," she said, her voice thick with sleep."Warped Tour," he smiled. That was all she needed. She shot up in bed and stretched."You got pancakes already?" she asked as she ran her hands through her messy hair and got out of bed."You're good. They're waiting in the living room when you're ready. Ashley should be here soon," Andy explained b
SUICHI SHORTSUICHI SHORTBy Yomero.In their quest to know more about Meronii's mysterious gloves, Suichiro along with the Tashi and the slave maiden camped near the shore of a river. After a renovating dinner, the group sat back and rested around the fire."Tomorrow we will arrive at the mansion at noon." Suichiro stated. "But we need to begin our journey early."Sitting over a rock, Tashi interrupted the fighter while drinking from a small dish. "Why is so important for you going with this lord?""Meronii was her slave. He must be responsible of leaving her like this." Suichiro responded.&ldq
An Illegal Trade GT Ch.3"It's permanent. For a year or so," I mutter. I refuse to look at her. I couldn't take the shame- it's too much.I heard her sniff pitifully, and I could not resist to look down at her… She was completely distraught. Her beautiful face- now that I had taken the time to examine it- was a mask of terror, her beautiful brown eyes darting this way and that, looking everywhere in the room but at me… Her hair was puled back, in what probably was a beautiful braid, but now it was wild and frilly. Her skin was dark- dark brown skin, that shimmered in the dim light of my room. Her body was perfect, of c
Journal of a Paladin: Entry 16Journal of a PaladinEpisode XV: The InquisitorsBy Matthew R. FlemingA.K.A. the Cheddar PaladinEntry #16 The Thirtieth of November in the Year Sixteen Hundred and Ninety-sevenProfessor Flekag had left quite an impression on me the other night, one that changed everything for me. I had never known what I wanted to do with the rest of my life. I was afraid that night. I had never been in a situation where I could have been hurt by just minding my own business. But witnessing the Professor handle those criminals with all of the confidence and power he displayed was very inspirational. Cobalt had told me of the things he saw on th


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SOURCE: Smarty Pants Online Training
Georgia-based Smarty Pants Online Training now offers a free course, "When No One is Looking". They also offer a comprehensive list of courses for child care professionals who need to meet annual training requirements in Georgia.
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For the original version on PRWeb visit: http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2012/12/prweb10211538.htm

subset: commoncrawl


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52 E 41st St, New York, United States of America
Located in Midtown Manhattan, Dylan Hotel New York is just steps away from Grand Central Station. The hotel enjoys a location close to New York's main attractions, including the New York Public Library, Rockefeller Centre, Broadway, New York's Jacob Javits Convention Center, Times Square, Central Park and Fifth Avenue.
Decorated in a stark design with a few warm touches, Hotel Dylan provides a unique hotel experience for those visiting the city. The friendly multilingual staff is can assist you 24 hours and a concierge service is also available. Guests can make use of the 24-hour gym, fax machine and can also rent a computer. The fully air-conditioned property also holds a bar, a restaurant, and a business center. Furthermore, complimentary wireless Internet is accessible throughout the property and a paid parking can be found nearby.
All 107 spacious rooms at the Dylan Hotel New York have blank pale walls, modern furnishings and marble bathrooms with high-end toiletries and some with a bathtub or whirlpool . Most of the rooms are non-smoking; however smoking rooms can be requested. Modern in-room amenities feature two-line phones, data ports, frette sheets, CD players and library. For optimum comfort the air conditioned bedrooms also include complimentary high-speed Internet, newspaper, television with cable channels and an in-house entertainment system.
Room types
This Luxury Queen Room is equipped with the modern facilities as listed below.
This Luxury Queen Room with Breakfast is equipped with the below listed facilities.
This Executive Room includes complimentary newspaper delivery and full-length dressing mirrors as well as the below listed facilities.
The Junior Suite is ideal for the business traveler and families. All of them offer a separate seating area with a pullout sofa bed and coffee table, dramatic 16-foot ceilings and bay-style windows. They are equipped with the modern room facilities listed below.
This Luxury Room - Quadruple Occupancy is equipped with the below listed facilities.
Check-in: | From 15:00 Check-out: Until 12:00 |
Payment: |
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Visa Debit, Visa Electron Note: the hotel can pre-authorize your card before arrival; they check for sufficient funds in order to guarantee your booking. |
Internet: | Wi-Fi Internet free of charge in all rooms and general areas (lobby/reception etc.) |
Parking: | Valet parking service, Parking Nearby, Parking Nearby (surcharge), Paid Valet Parking Paid parking is possible near the hotel. |
Airport shuttle: | Airport Transportation (surcharge) |
Pet policy: | Pets are not allowed. |
Rooms: | 107 |
Services: |
General facilities: |
Extra common areas: |
Business facilities: |
Activities: |
Wellness facilities: |
Food & beverage: | The Benjamin Steakhouse at the hotel offers breakfast, lunch and dinner. Room service available for breakfast and dinner. |
Please provide this reference number to our customer service center representative on request, so we can help you better


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98.3% of patients would refer friends and family to us.
Minimal wait time to be seen. The staff is friendly and always smiling! I have always been pleased with Dr Canestaro's work. I can now smile and not be embarreased about my teeth. Treats me like a friend not just a patient. I highly recomend him.
the staff and the doctor is very nice and does very well with my teeth. i have no complaints. also you let me do payment plain and that is a lot of help for me.
Very kind and gentle. Highly recommend!
He is a wonderful dentist.
My experiences with Dr. Canestraro have been nothing short of satisfactory. They're always so nice and welcoming, and the work done on me has been thorough and relatively easy, as there has been little to no pain. I will recommend to my friends and family to see Dr. Canestraro.
Too good to be true !.Very caring and considerate and a well run office also.
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Philippines: Wealthiest Nation on Earth?, Following Shambhalista's Dubai Philippine gold |
Philippines: Wealthiest Nation on Earth?, Following Shambhalista's Dubai Philippine gold |
Feb 20 2010, 03:45 PM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
what ? Santa Romana will bail out the PIIGS ?
Feb 21 2010, 01:13 AM
AF Geek Group: Members Posts: 202 Joined: 20-April 09 |
I haven't heard (read) Spain as a Santa Romana beneficiary. China is high on the Diaz Trustees' list to get benefits.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Some entries from Ming Forum about JackCarter, Ex-Pres. Marcos, Gen. Ver, Fort Santiago, Teresa site, and China) 17 Jan 2010 @ 23:56 by PRINCE CHICHIBO @18.104.22.168 : GOLD OF THE SUN Gold of the Sun: Chapters 7 - 8 ...During his many meetings with General Ver and Marcos he was questioned repeatedly for his opinion on how to turn this gold into cash without upsetting the world gold market. The very fact that this gold existed was enough to drop the price of gold in the market with substantial side-effects. With China's population numbering a billion people who were economically depressed he was positive that the possibility of China invading the Philippines to take this treasure was a reality. Look what they did in Korea for far less a motive. In his mind it could cause World War III. Marcos had told Carter that the gold he had already recovered was more than he could ever spend even if he lavishly showered it on the Filipino population. He didn't want to recover any more of these sites until this distribution problem was solved. Carter was given that problem to solve... .... (Jack) Carter's return to the Philippines was full of great expectations. He had located the Nachi and could now recover the treasure from the ship and the barge. He had engineered the recovery of the treasure in the hidden air vent in Fort Santiago. Both of these were short term projects. He would have unlimited wealth within the month. He was embarking on a great adventure. This anticipated wealth was not important to him personally, but it would give him the means to accomplish all of the things that he had planned. He was met at the airport by all the members of the Leber Group. Like his first trip he chose the hotel over the palace. President Marcos and General Ver were in China and Carter had to wait their return for the first meeting where he had expected to tell the President about the fool-proof program he had negotiated. He used this time to prepare security plans and make arrangements for the necessary men and equipment to be able to do the projects. It was two weeks before he met with General Ver at the Palace. President Marcos was tied up with accepting a new Ambassador from Romania. Ver said that he had met with the President earlier and had prepared a number of questions for Carter. There was also some major changes.Carter's furnaces and other plant equipment were scheduled to arrive aboard the ship in ten days. Ver said Marcos didn't want to wait for the new plant to be built in order to start using them. There were some empty buildings next to the Malacanang Palace. He wanted Carter to set the furnaces up there. it was a safe place because the Presidential Security barracks were right next door. Carter agreed and said he would bring over his partner and chief engineer to help set it up. Marcos also wanted Carter to submit the plans to construct the new refinery and to coordinate that with Jose Campos, the Chairman of United Drug Companywhich was the largest pharmaceutical firm in Asia. United would providethe land in the Free Trade Zone at Bataan. The General was elated with the sale plan that Carter outlined for him. He said it was perfect and that Marcos would be pleased. He emphasized the need to start re-melting the bars immediately. Ver told Carter that there was a basement vault under the Palace which was full of gold bars. More than he had shown Carter on his first trip. The General could see that Carter found this hard to believe so he offered to take him downstairs when the meeting was over. Ver continued by asking Carter what he planned to do with the errant Ambassador. He repeated that the President wanted him liminated. Carter remembered the first meeting with Marcos where it was clear that Marcos wanted the ambassador killed. Carter had told the President that there must be another way. Ver gave Carter a way to save the Ambassador, but if he failed, the matter was no longer in his hands. Carter agreed to try, but if he did fail, he made up his mind that he would have to give up this dream and leave the Philippines. He was not going to be a part of murder, even indirectly. The whole incident made him nervous. This meeting with Ver was very long. The General had saved the bad news for last. He announced that the Leber group was not going to be able to work on the cruiser Nachi until later. The excuse offered by Ver was that the Japanese Ambassador had recently visited the Philippines and asked Marcos for permission to remove their war dead from the many sunken ships so that they could be properly buried in Japan. Marcos knew that wasn't the real reason; they were after the gold. If Carter was seen out in the bay removing things from the Nachi, then Marcos would be in trouble with the Japanese. Ver asked Carter to understand and promised him that the President would let him recover that at a later date.. That bad news wasn't all. Ver told Carter that the Leber group could not do the Fort Santiago site either until the President had time to meet with the head of the National Historical Society. The ancient Spanish fort was a major tourist attraction and they objected to its' temporary closing for this "restoration" project. This was devastating to Carter. He had planned on both of these sites being recovered within thirty days of his arrival. He let Ver know of his displeasure and said that if he had known that he never would have dismantled his refractory plant. He couldn't tell Ver that he only had a limited amount of money and that these delays would create major problems for him in the States. He did tell Ver that this was going to require him to go home. The General said that the President didn't want that. Ver said he should set up the furnaces when they arrived and start processing Marcos's gold. Carter was to receive $5 for every ounce he re-melted. The President also told the General to request Carter to find another site which he could start excavating immediately. There was one condition. This new site had to be out in the jungle somewhere, away from any towns or buildings. This eliminated all of the easy to recover sites in and around Manila. The meeting over, Carter returned to his hotel to tell the Leber group members, who were waiting to learn what was happening, but first Ver took him to the large room in the basement. What Carter saw was mind boggling... This post has been edited by azaz: Feb 21 2010, 01:13 AM |
Feb 21 2010, 01:24 AM
Newbie Group: Members Posts: 18 Joined: 20-February 10 |
Deuterium is a hoax.
Feb 22 2010, 05:07 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
what ? Marcos tried to have the ambassador of Japan or the USA killed ?
Feb 22 2010, 05:18 AM
Newbie Group: Members Posts: 18 Joined: 20-February 10 |
Feb 22 2010, 07:23 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
Deuterium exists, but it just isn't a energy source yet.
Feb 22 2010, 08:14 AM
AF Geek Group: Members Posts: 181 Joined: 22-February 10 From: Earth |
I've heard a lot of things, most commonly the rumours that Deuterium is an absolute hoax. Both has sides have good arguments but I prefer that people not get their hopes up.
Unless of course filipinos start rallying/protesting and $hit. Those stuff really come a long way. Look at Europe. Whenever the people want something, they protest and they get what they want. |
Feb 23 2010, 12:26 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 1,412 Joined: 3-March 09 From: Los Indios Bravos' Mu |
Deuterium is a hoax. What? ROTFL You need to review your Basic Physics and Chemistry. jk Pure Hydrogen is a very COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL. You know what powers the stars, and our sun is Nuclear Fusion of Hydrogen. And guess what powers the Rocket boosters, liquid Hydrogen fuel. In fact it is the hydrogen in our Hydrocarbons(Petroleum) which fuels our modern vehicles. As we all know, if you still don't know(you can go back to high school), DEUTERIUM is a stable isotope of Hydrogen. Nuclear Fusion of Hydrogen isotopes in a nuclear bomb for e.g: fusion of deuterium with tritium creating helium-4, freeing a neutron, and releasing 17.59 MeV of energy, as an appropriate amount of mass converting to the kinetic energy of the products, in agreement with E = Δmc2. How nuclear bombs work; http://www.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-bomb.htm study Hydrogen bomb. Now how can we harness the power of the Hydrogen bomb(nuclear fusion) just like Nuclear Fission(Atomic bomb) , we need some containment. Some propose Magnetic containment or how about Cold fusion? With Quantum Physics and the theory of Relativity, and other theories about Singularity and Multiverse, etc., ONLY OUR IMAGINATION IS THE LIMITATION. AS EINSTEIN SAID:"Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited to all we now know and understand; while imagination embraces the entire world, and all there ever will be to know and to understand." About cold fusion as demonstrated by Pons et al: http://www.lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanelectroche.pdf scientific paper: Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium Martin Fleischmann Department of Chemistry, The University, Southampton, Hants. S09 5NH (Great Britain) Stanley Pons * Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 (U.S.A.) (Received 13 March 1989; in revised form 22 March 1989) INTRODUCTION The strange behaviour of electrogenerated hydrogen dissolved in palladium has been studied for well over 100 years, and latterly these studies have been extended to deuterium and tritium [1]. For discharge of deuterium from alkaline solutions of heavy water we have to consider the reaction steps D2O + e - → Dads + OD (i) Dads + D2O + e - → D 2 + OD (ii) Dads → D lattice (iii) Dads + Dads → D2 (iv) I t i s k n o w n t h a t a t p o t e n t i a l s n e g a t i v e t o + 5 0 mV o n t h e r e v e r s i b l e h y d r o g e n s c a l e , t h e l a t t i c e i s i n t h e β -phase, hydrogen is in the form of protons (as shown by the migration in an electric field) and is highly mobile (D = 10-7 cm2 s -1 f o r t h e α -phase at 300 K). The overall reaction path of D2 evolution consists of steps (i) and (ii) [2] so that the chemical potential of dissolved D+ is normally determined by the relative rates of these two steps. The establishment of negative overpotentials on the outgoing interface of palladium membrane electrodes for hydrogen discharge at the ingoing interface [3] [determined by the balance of all the steps (i) to (iv)] demonstrates that the chemical potential can be raised to high values. Our own experiments with palladium diffusion tubes indicate that values as high as 0.8 eV can be achieved readily [4] (values as high as 2 eV may be achievable). The astronomical magnitude of this value can be appreciated readily: attempts to attain this level via the compression of D2 [step (iv)] would require pressures in excess of 1026 atm. In spite of this high compression, D2 is not formed; i.e. the s-character of the electron density around the nuclei is very low and the electrons form part of the band structure of the overall system. A feature which is of special interest and which prompted the present investigation, is the very high H/D separation factor for absorbed hydrogen and deuterium (see Figs. 4 and 6 of ref. 2). This can be explained only if the H+ and D+ in the lattice behave as classical oscillators (possibly as delocalised species) i.e. they must be in very shallow potential wells. In view of the very high compression and mobility of the dissolved species there must therefore be a significant number of close collisions and one can pose the question: would nuclear fusion of D+ such as 2 D + 2 D → 3 T(1.01 MeV) + 1 H(3.02 MeV) (v) or 2 D + 2 D → 3 He(0.82 MeV) + n(2.45 MeV) (vi) be feasible under these conditions? from wiki: QUOTE A substantial energy barrier of electrostatic forces must be overcome before fusion can occur. At large distances two naked nuclei repel one another because of the repulsive electrostatic force between their positively charged protons. If two nuclei can be brought close enough together, however, the electrostatic repulsion can be overcome by the attractive nuclear force which is stronger at close distances.
When a nucleon such as a proton or neutron is added to a nucleus, the nuclear force attracts it to other nucleons, but primarily to its immediate neighbours due to the short range of the force. The nucleons in the interior of a nucleus have more neighboring nucleons than those on the surface. Since smaller nuclei have a larger surface area-to-volume ratio, the binding energy per nucleon due to the nuclear force generally increases with the size of the nucleus but approaches a limiting value corresponding to that of a nucleus with a diameter of about four nucleons. The electrostatic force, on the other hand, is an inverse-square force, so a proton added to a nucleus will feel an electrostatic repulsion from all the other protons in the nucleus. The electrostatic energy per nucleon due to the electrostatic force thus increases without limit as nuclei get larger. [] At short distances the attractive nuclear force is stronger than the repulsive electrostatic force. As such, the main technical difficulty for fusion is getting the nuclei close enough to fuse. Distances not to scale. The net result of these opposing forces is that the binding energy per nucleon generally increases with increasing size, up to the elements iron and nickel, and then decreases for heavier nuclei. Eventually, the binding energy becomes negative and very heavy nuclei (all with more than 208 nucleons, corresponding to a diameter of about 6 nucleons) are not stable. The four most tightly bound nuclei, in decreasing order of binding energy, are 62Ni, 58Fe, 56Fe, and 60Ni.[3] Even though the nickel isotope ,62Ni, is more stable, the iron isotope 56Fe is an order of magnitude more common. This is due to a greater disintegration rate for 62Ni in the interior of stars driven by photon absorption. A notable exception to this general trend is the helium-4 nucleus, whose binding energy is higher than that of lithium, the next heaviest element. The Pauli exclusion principle provides an explanation for this exceptional behavior—it says that because protons and neutrons are fermions, they cannot exist in exactly the same state. Each proton or neutron energy state in a nucleus can accommodate both a spin up particle and a spin down particle. Helium-4 has an anomalously large binding energy because its nucleus consists of two protons and two neutrons; so all four of its nucleons can be in the ground state. Any additional nucleons would have to go into higher energy states. The situation is similar if two nuclei are brought together. As they approach each other, all the protons in one nucleus repel all the protons in the other. Not until the two nuclei actually come in contact can the strong nuclear force take over. Consequently, even when the final energy state is lower, there is a large energy barrier that must first be overcome. It is called the Coulomb barrier. The Coulomb barrier is smallest for isotopes of hydrogen—they contain only a single positive charge in the nucleus. A bi-proton is not stable, so neutrons must also be involved, ideally in such a way that a helium nucleus, with its extremely tight binding, is one of the products. Using deuterium-tritium fuel, the resulting energy barrier is about 0.01 MeV.[citation needed] In comparison, the energy needed to remove an electron from hydrogen is 13.6 eV, about 750 times less energy. The (intermediate) result of the fusion is an unstable 5He nucleus, which immediately ejects a neutron with 14.1 MeV.[citation needed] The recoil energy of the remaining 4He nucleus is 3.5 MeV,[citation needed] so the total energy liberated is 17.6 MeV.[citation needed] This is many times more than what was needed to overcome the energy barrier. |
Feb 23 2010, 01:34 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/business/02/23/...ivate-placement The bond sale completes the $2.5 billion target foreign debts this year. MANILA, Philippines - Asia's largest sovereign issuer of offshore bonds said on Tuesday it sold ¥100 billion yen ($1.1 billion) of Samurai bonds to help plug its budget deficit this year. The government said its first yen bond sale in 9 years completes its planned foreign debt market issuances of $2.5 billion for the entire year. Highlights of this report: * Philippines' Samurai bonds fetch coupon of 2.32% * Manila raised maximum guaranteed amount from yen bond offer * Yen bonds to complete Manila's 2010 offshore debt needs The yen bond sale was also the first by any sovereign issuer this year and the largest by any non-Japan Asian issuer. The Philippines sold the 10-year Samurai bonds via private placement, with a partial guarantee from the state-backed Japan Bank for International Cooperation for up to 95% of the bonds under its Japanese Market Access Support Facility. "We are pleased with the positive response of Japanese investors to this bond issue. The proceeds will be helpful in providing for the needs of our people and enabling us to achieve modest economic growth this year," Finance Secretary Margarito Teves said. "With this bond issue, we completed our programmed $2.5 billion commercial funding this year," he added. Samurai bonds are yen bonds issued in Japan by non-Japanese entities. Banks, insurance companies, cooperatives and other financial institutions in Japan participated in the sale, the government said in a statement, adding total investor interest "far exceeded the actual issue size of JPY100bn." It did not give more details. The Samurai bonds were priced at par and carried a coupon of 2.32%, slightly lower than the 2.73% coupon fetched by 10-year Samurais issued by Indonesia in July, also via private placement. The Philippines last issued Samurais in December 2001, selling 50 billion yen worth of 10-year bonds carrying a coupon of 1.884 percent%. Indonesia wants to sell up to $1.1 billion worth of Samurai bonds in April, following the Philippines' successful sale. Lead managers for Manila's yen bond deal are Daiwa Securities Capital Markets, Mitsubishi UFJ Securities and Nomura Securities. The Philippines wants to complete its offshore debt issues before uncertainties related to presidential elections in May prompt investors to demand higher returns for risking their capital. It was the first global bond issuer in Asia when it raised $1.5 billion in January. The debt-laden economy, which relies heavily on foreign and local borrowings to fund its budget shortfall, faces a budget deficit of P293 billion, or 3.5% of GDP, this year after a record shortfall of P298.5 billion, or 3.9% of GDP, in 2009. Following the yen bond issue, the government was now considering a cut in its planned sales of Treasury bills and bonds this year. Such a cut would be contingent on whether pushes through with an offer of around $500 million worth of foreign-denominated retail bonds to overseas Filipinos next month, National Treasurer Roberto Tan told Reuters on Tuesday. QUOTE BACK when gasoline was P7 a liter, I employed a gardener named Joe. Joe went through his day neither quite sober nor quite drunk, taking occasional sips throughout the day from his bottle of Añejo Rum.
He asked me why when he was young, the peso exchanged for $1, and now it took P20. Joe was of an age that he could remember using pesos that were made from real, valuable silver; not copper, aluminum, nickel and zinc. We think of paper money in its current form as something that has been around a long time. Not true. Paper money has always been an easy-to-carry substitute for precious metals liker gold and silver. In fact, if you are older than 30 years, when you were born you could still have exchanged your Philippine pesos for silver or gold. Prior to August 15, 1971, you could exchange your pesos for US dollars and then exchange those dollars for silver; real, valuable, limited-supply silver. Virtually every citizen of every country enjoyed that same silver-conversion privilege of their home currency. In 1971 the United States, as part of the global Bretton Woods Agreement, ended the ability to convert dollars to silver or gold. The US dollar became the global substitute for gold and, as part of that agreement, countries were supposed to peg or fix their currencys exchange rate to the dollar. The dollar became the worlds reserve currency. The dollar took the role as the foundation of all the worlds currencies because the US economy was the largest, most stable and the US government economic/monetary policy was the most reliable. Who needed gold or silver when you could have US dollars, the safest currency in the world? But all the nations cheated and took advantage of the system. Since exchange rates were fixedthat is, not supposed to change except within very narrow limitsother countries figured out that they could print all the paper money they wanted to and buy all the dollars they wanted. Imagine in 1971 that you had P100 that could be exchanged for $14 (and $14 with gold or silver). You walk over to your printing press, crank out another P200 and you now can exchange all those pesos for $42. Good deal, isnt it? The United States monetary people were not dumb. They figured out how they were being taken to the cleaners so they, too, started printing dollars. However, the US printers run much faster, and through the 1980s the US also borrowed trillions from the world financial institutions. Those currencies that were supposed to trade in a narrow band did not. The yen appreciated from 300 in 1971 to 120 in 1998, and the Deutsche mark from 3.67 to 1.67 because the dollars were being printed faster than those currencies. In the last year the US government has printed and borrowed more than $2 trillion. Now, no one can trust the US dollar as the worlds reserve currency because the US economy is not the most stable, and the US government economic/monetary policy is not the most reliable. One local financial writer said yesterday that the US was quite fortunate to have Ben Bernanke in charge of the US Federal Reserve because he was an expert on the Great Depression. I told you months ago nothing could be farther from the truth. Bernanke is using 1930s weapons against a 21st- century war. He is and will continue to be a failure, and it will only get worse because of Bernanke being an expert on the 1930s. During the Great Depression the US could print money to help solve the economic crisis because it was a creditor-nation, not the largest debtor-nation in the world. This is the bottom line. Massive printing of money, dollars, combined with massive debt has destroyed the ability of the US dollar to be the foundation of all world currencies. Bernanke and the Obama administration have destroyed the dollar. And when the dollar finally takes its last gaspdying as the worlds reserve currencyall other paper money will fail also. The end of funny money. Nations will be forced to back their currencies with something of intrinsic value. All paper money must ultimately be backed with something of value. For the last 30 years, that backing, that value, has been provided by the dollar. The US dollar will not back global currencies again. For nearly 2,000 years a reliable substitute for carrying gold or silver has been in place. Then came 1971. The 30-year experiment using valueless currency based on trusting the governments, particularly the US government, is a total failure and is coming to an end. China has already converted billions of its paper currency (dollars) into hard assets by buying mineral production around the world. The time will come when nations that export to other nations will settle the bill in goods, a return to a form of the barter trade. Other nations will sell goods only for commodity money, another form of the barter trade. And do not worry about the Philippines, either. We have abundant mineral resources, massive human- capital skill, and are not dependent on exporting hard goods for worthless paper. This post has been edited by matigasngulo: Feb 23 2010, 02:06 AM |
Feb 23 2010, 06:27 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 1,412 Joined: 3-March 09 From: Los Indios Bravos' Mu |
RE: article about the End of Funny Money
Written by John Mangun / Outside the Box Tuesday, 23 February 2010 20:53 QUOTE Prior to August 15, 1971, you could exchange your pesos for US dollars and then exchange those dollars for silver; real, valuable, limited-supply silver. Virtually every citizen of every country enjoyed that same silver-conversion privilege of their home currency. In 1971 the United States, as part of the global Bretton Woods Agreement, ended the ability to convert dollars to silver or gold. The US dollar became the global substitute for gold and, as part of that agreement, countries were supposed to peg or fix their currency's exchange rate to the dollar. There is some confusion on that article. On the bolded part, it implies that it is by the Bretton Woods Agreement which ended the fixed exchange rate. I think during the time of President Nixon, the financial elites pressured the sovereing federal republic to end the Bretton Woods agreement which called for the institution of the Fixed Exchange rate. Thus, the Bretton Woods Agreement is synonymous to Fixed Exchange Rate and not the other way around. QUOTE The chief features of the Bretton Woods system were an obligation for each country to adopt a monetary policy that maintained the exchange rate of its currency within a fixed value—plus or minus one percent—in terms of gold and the ability of the IMF to bridge temporary imbalances of payments. Then, on August 15, 1971 the United States unilaterally terminated convertibility of the dollar to gold. This action created the situation whereby the United States dollar became the sole backing of currencies and a reserve currency for the member states. In the face of increasing financial strain, the system collapsed in 1971. Sovereign Nation states must return to the good ole days of Fixed Exchange rate Interesting articles about FUNNY MONEY, AND FUNNY MONEY GOES INTERNATIONAL: NOTE: THE AUTHOR, WILLIAM BRAMLEY SPECULATED THAT IT IS THE FREEDOM FIGHTERS, MEMBERS OF THE SECRET SOCIETIES, THE FREEMASONS WHO CREATED THE FUNNY MONEY. BUT I TEND TO BELIEVE THAT IT IS THE GREEDY MONARCHS WHO INFILTRATED THE SECRET SOCIETIES WHO BECAME THE NEO FINANCIAL OLIGARCHS ARE THE ONE AT FAULT FOR THIS FUNNY MONEY. QUOTE Funny Money
. the new paper money system This reveals the primary reason why the inflatable paper money system was created: it enables nations to fight and prolong their wars. It also makes the human struggle for physical existence in a modern economy more difficult due to the massive debt and parasitic absorption of wealth that the system causes. Furthermore, steady inflation reduces the value of people's money so that their accumulated wealth is gradually eroded. The initial success of the Bank of Amsterdam encouraged similar banking arrangements in other nations. The most notable offspring was the Bank of England, founded in 1694. The Bank of England established the pattern for our modern-day central banks by refining the inflatable paper money system of Holland. The Bank of England system was subsequently spread from nation to nation, often on the backs of revolutions led by prominent Brotherhood network members. The worldwide reformation announced in the Fama Fraternitis was well underway by the end of the 17th century, and the "new money" was a big part of it, Funny Money distorted the otherwise altruistic social and political goals of the Brotherhood revolutionaries. The newly-weakened monarchies and parliamentary governments allowed for greater power to be assumed by a new institution being installed by the revolutionaries: a new banking and monetary system. This new monetary system was a major element of the revolutions of the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, yet this fact is only minimally discussed in the majority of history books. Those who ran, and still run, the new monetary system have been aptly labeled by one author, Howard Katz, "the paper aristocracy." The revolutions which began to sweep the world after the Reformation heralded the diminishment of powerful political aristocracies in favor of the less visible, but in many ways equally potent, "monetary aristocracies." This happened because, during the Reformation, banking and moneylending, which were once viewed as lowly occupations, were being forged into a renewed power due to a clever new science of money.* This new money was a type of paper currency that could have its value deliberately and systematically diminished through a process known as "inflation." It is the type of money still in use today. This new money, and the institutions which arose from it, have had an enormous impact on our modern civilization. We cannot fully appreciate the effects of Protestantism and the revolutions which arose out of it without comprehending just how the new money system works. *For a simple and amusing introduction to the history of money and economics, I recommend The Cartoon Guide to Economics by Douglas Michael, published in the United States by Harper and Row Publishers, Inc., and in Canada by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Ltd. of Toronto. FEW TOPICS OCCUPY as many minds or stimulate as many emotions as money. This is largely because money is an overwhelming problem to a majority of people. One thing which causes modern money to be a problem is inflation, whether inflation is climbing at 3% annually or 300%. Inflation, of course, is the situation in which the costs of goods and services steadily rise due to the ever-decreasing value of money. This happens when the money supply becomes larger in proportion to the supply of valuable goods and services. Money itself is not valuable; only the goods and services that can be bought with it are. The wealth of any individual or nation, therefore, is ultimately determined by what it produces in terms of valuable products and services, not by how much money it prints, distributes or holds. A nation could actually survive without any currency at all as long as it was otherwise productive. The purpose of money is to facilitate the exchange of goods and services. Money is therefore an extension of the barter system. Barter is the act of trading something one possesses or does for something of someone else's. Production and barter are the bases of all economy. Coins and paper money were originally created to assist in barter. They allowed people to barter without having to carry around actual goods or immediately deliver a service. This permitted individuals to trade more easily and to save the profits of their labors for the future. Paper money initially began as "promissory notes." A promissory note is a written promise to pay a debt. A person would write a note on a piece of paper promising the bearer of the note a certain quantity of goods or services that the notewriter could provide on demand. To illustrate, let us look at the following fictitious example: Let us pretend that a chicken farmer was in the village market and wanted to trade for a basket of apples. He did not have his chickens with him, so he might write a note to the apple seller entitling the bearer of the note to come up to the farm at any time to pick out two healthy chickens. The chicken farmer would be able to walk away with his basket of apples and it would be up to the apple grower to visit the farm one day to redeem the note by getting his two chickens. As long as people have faith in the chicken farmer's ability to honor his notes, he will be able to use them for barter. Let us now pretend that as the day draws to a close, the apple grower decides to have a look around the market. He comes across the cloth merchant. The apple grower's wife has been henpecking him for days to buy some of the new silk that just arrived on a caravan from the Far East. The apple grower's home life has been made miserable by her unceasing demands and her denial of wifely comforts, so he negotiates with the cloth merchant for some silk. The cloth merchant, however, does not need any more apples, so the apple grower, remembering that he has a note for two chickens, asks the merchant if the merchant needs poultry. The merchant says that he does, and the apple grower gives him the note for two chickens in exchange for silk. It is now up to the cloth merchant to trudge on up to the chicken farm to redeem the note. The chickens themselves have never left the coop, yet they have changed ownership twice in one day. This type of exchange was all that paper money was initially created for; but do you see the temptation that it can open up? If the chicken farmer knows that some time will pass before he must redeem his notes with actual chickens, or that some if his notes will circulate forever and never come in for redemption, he may be tempted to issue more notes than he has in actual chickens, thinking that he will be able to cover all the notes by the time they come back to him. Temptation now gets the best of the chicken farmer. The chicken farmer has a big family get-together coming up and he wants to impress his in-laws for once by putting on an opulent feast. Down to the market he goes where he writes notes for chickens not yet hatched and stocks up with an abundance of goods from other merchants. Several things can now happen. The chicken farmer will get away with it if he is always able to meet the demand for chickens when his notes come in for redemption. Another thing that may, and often will, occur is that he has so saturated the marketplace with his chicken notes that most people just do not want any more of them, so he must offer even more hens for each trade to make people feel that it is worth their while. He is now writing notes for two or three chickens in exchange for items for which he previously only had to issue single-chicken notes. As these chicken notes circulate, they become less and less valuable because there are so many of them. A vicious spiral ensues: the more notes the chicken farmer issues, the less valuable they become, and the more he has to issue in order to get what he wants. This is known as inflation. Now comes the worst part. With more and more notes outstanding, an increasing number of notes will start coming in for redemption. Soon the farmer will see that his true wealth, which is his supply of chickens, is becoming rapidly depleted even though only a small portion of his outstanding notes have come back. To preserve his chickens, he must decrease the value of his notes by declaring that the outstanding notes are now only good for half of what they say. This is called devaluation. Since the farmer may find it difficult to admit that he had issued many more notes than he had chickens, he may try to save his reputation by lying, such as by saying that a fierce chicken plague had wiped out half of his flock. That will probably not prevent him from becoming very unpopular. Public faith in his notes will be destroyed. He will either have to revert back to straight barter, or else he will need to acquire someone else's notes in order to continue trading in the market. As we can see, paper notes, or money, are rooted in actual commodities and are meant to be an expression that the creator of the notes has something valuable to trade. In contrast to notes are coins, which functioned somewhat differently. Metals have always been considered valuable, and so pieces of metal were convenient trading tools. Metal pieces were imprinted with various designs, thereby becoming coins, and their metallic purity was guaranteed by the imprinter. Coin values were initially determined by the quantity and purity of the metal contained within the coins. Gold was a rare and popular metal, so coins made from gold were more expensive and had a higher barter value than, for instance, copper coins. Metal coins became a popular tool of barter because they were durable and quantities could be controlled. They did create some problems, however. Realistically, people were only trading pieces of metal for other goods. This created a disproportionate emphasis on metals. The acquisition of coins and coin metals became an obsession to a great many people, and such obsessions tend to drain away energy better spent producing other valuable goods and services. The system also gave a disproportionate amount of power to those who possessed large quantities of coined metals, even though other commodities, such as food, are ultimately more valuable. The person with the coin metals could immediately acquire any good or service, but a farmer first had to go through the intermediate step of exchanging his product for a coin or coin metal before he could have the same spending flexibility. Coin metals merged with paper notes to create the foundation of our modern monetary system in the 1600's. Those who laid this foundation were reportedly the goldsmiths. Goldsmiths usually owned the strongest safes and lockboxes in town. For this reason, many people deposited their coin metals with the smiths for safekeeping. The smiths issued receipts to the depositors that promised to pay to the receipt holders on demand those quantities of gold or silver shown on the receipts. Every such receipt was actually a note which could be circulated as money until a holder of the note went back to the goldsmith to redeem it for the specified amount of metal. The goldsmiths made an important discovery. Under normal circumstances, only about 10% to 20% of their receipts ever came back for redemption at any given time. The rest circulated in the community as money, and for good reason. Paper was easier to carry than bulky coin and people felt safer holding receipts in lieu of actual gold and silver. The smiths realized that they could lend out the unredeemed metals and charge interest, and thereby earn money as lenders. In making such a loan, however, the smith would try to convince the borrower to accept the loan in the form of a receipt instead of actual metal. The borrower could then circulate that note as money. As we can see, the goldsmith has now created "money" (his receipts) for double the actual quantity of metal he has in his safe: first to the original depositor, and then to a borrower. The goldsmith did not even own the metal in his safe, yet by simply writing upon a piece of paper, someone now owes him money up to the full value of the gold in his safe. The smith could continue writing his notes as long as the notes coming in for redemption did not exceed his actual deposits of precious metals. Typically, a smith would issue notes four to five times in excess of his actual supply of gold. As profitable as this operation may have been, there were some pitfalls. If too many of the goldsmith's notes came back for redemption too rapidly, or the smith's borrowers were slow to repay, the smith would be wiped out. The credibility of his notes would be destroyed. If the smith ran his operation cautiously, however, he could become quite wealthy without ever producing anything of value. The injustice of this system is obvious. If for every sack of gold the smith had on deposit people now owed him the equivalent of four sacks, someone had to lose. As public debt to the goldsmith increased, more and more true wealth and resources were owed to him. Since the goldsmith was not producing any true wealth or resources, but was demanding an ever-increasing share of them because of his paper notes, he easily became a parasite upon the economy. The inevitable result was the enrichment of the careful goldsmith-turned-banker at the cost of the impoverishment of other people in the community. That impoverishment was manifested either in the people's need to give up things of value or in their need to toil longer to create the wealth needed to repay the banker. If the goldsmith was not careful and his monetary bubble burst, the people around him suffered anyway due to the disruption caused by the collapse of his bank and the loss of the value of his notes still in circulation. Such was the birth of modern banking. Many people feel that it is an inherently dishonest system. It is. It is also socially and economically destabilizing, yet all of the world's major monetary and banking systems today operate on a close variation of the system I just described. By the 17th century, the Medici banking house of Italy had come up with the idea of using gold as the commodity upon which to base all paper currency. Gold was touted as the perfect basis for paper notes because of the scarcity and desirability of gold. This was the beginning of the "gold standard" in which all other goods and services are valued in relation to gold (and sometimes silver). The gold standard was certainly a terrific idea for those people who owned plenty of gold and silver, but it created an artificial reliance on a commodity that is not nearly as useful as many other products. To base an entire monetary system on a single commodity is better than basing it upon no commodities at all, but even under a gold standard paper notes will far exceed the metals used to back the notes. The best solution is to root a money supply firmly in a nation's entire valuable output so that the money acts as an accurate reflection of that output. Once the gold standard was created, paper notes were thought to be "as good as gold" because people could redeem the notes for actual gold. This created a false sense of security. As more and more gold notes entered the market, they gradually became worth less and less, resulting in a steady inflation. The gold owners/bankers had to keep issuing a constant stream of notes because that is how they earned their profits. As long as the bankers planned carefully and the people retained faith in the notes, the note writers could stay ahead of the inevitable inflation they created and make an enormous profit from it. If, on the other hand, they issued an overabundance and too many of their notes came back for redemption, they could, as a last resort, devalue the notes to save their gold. In this fashion, inflatable paper money, even under a gold standard, became a source of wealth and power to those entitled to create the money. It also generated indebtedness on an enormous scale because most of the "created-out-of-nothing" gold notes were released into the community as loans repayable to the bankers. If people did not borrow from the bankers, little new money would enter the market and the economy would slow down. This method of creating money clearly destroyed the true purpose of money: to represent the existence of actual tradeable commodities. Inflatable paper money allows a handful of people to absorb and manipulate a great deal of true wealth, which are the valuable goods and services people produce, simply through the act of printing paper ahd then slowly destroying the value of that paper with inflation. It causes money to become its own commodity which can be manipulated on its own terms, usually to the detriment of the production-and-barter system. Money was meant to assist that system, not to dominate and control it. The inflatable paper money system described above was the new "science" of money being installed by Brotherhood revolutionaries. An early version of the system was established in Holland in 1609. That was the year in which Dutch and Spanish forces signed a truce suspending the hostilities of the Eighty Years War. The truce marked the birth of the independent Dutch Republic and the founding of the Bank of Amsterdam in the same year. The privately-owned Bank of Amsterdam operated on the inflatable paper money system described above. It was run by a group of financiers who pooled some of their precious metals to form the asset base of the Bank. By prior agreement with the new Dutch government, the Bank helped Dutch forces resume the wars against Spain by issuing notes four times in excess of the Bank's asset base. The Dutch magistrates were then able to draw on three quarters of the "created-out-of-nothing" money to finance the conflict. This reveals the primary reason why the inflatable paper money system was created: it enables nations to fight and prolong their wars. It also makes the human struggle for physical existence in a modern economy more difficult due to the massive debt and parasitic absorption of wealth that the system causes. Furthermore, steady inflation reduces the value of people's money so that their accumulated wealth is gradually eroded. The Custodial aims expressed in the Garden of Eden and Tower of Babel stories were greatly furthered by the new paper money system. The initial success of the Bank of Amsterdam encouraged similar banking arrangements in other nations. The most notable offspring was the Bank of England, founded in 1694. The Bank of England established the pattern for our modern-day central banks by refining the inflatable paper money system of Holland. The Bank of England system was subsequently spread from nation to nation, often on the backs of revolutions led by prominent Brotherhood network members. The worldwide reformation announced in the Fama Fraternitis was well underway by the end of the 17th century, and the "new money" was a big part of it, Dr. Quigley's book describes in great detail the development and workings of the international banking community as it established the inflatable paper money system throughout the world. Let us take a brief look at what Dr. Quigley had to say. 32 Funny Money Goes International IN HIS BOOK, Tragedy and Hope, Dr. Quigley divides the history of "capitalism" into several stages. The third stage, which is described as the period from 1850 until 1931, is defined by Dr. Quigley as the stage of Financial Capitalism. Dr. Quigley states: This third stage of capitalism is of such overwhelming significance in the history of the twentieth century, and its ramifications and influences have been so subterranean and even occult, that we may be excused if we devote considerable attention to its organizations and methods. Essentially what it did was to take the old disorganized and localized methods of handling money and credit and organize them into an integrated system, on an international basis, which worked with incredible and well-oiled facility for many decades.1 Dr. Quigley described the overall intent of the new integrated system: 328 THE GODS OF EDEN 329 ... the powers of financial capitalism had another farreaching aim, nothing less than to create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole. This system was to be controlled in a feudalist fashion by the central banks of the world acting in concert, by secret agreements arrived at in frequent private meetings and conferences. The apex of this system was to be the Bank for International Settlements in Basel, Switzerland, a private bank owned and controlled by the world's central banks which were themselves private corporations. Each central bank.. . sought to manipulate foreign exchanges, to influence the level of economic activity in the country, and to influence cooperative politicians by subsequent economic rewards in the business world.2 In the English-speaking world, the newly-organized central banks exerted significant political influence through an organization they supported known as the Round Table. The Round Table was a "think tank" designed to affect the foreign policy actions of governments. The Round Table was founded by an Englishman named Cecil Rhodes (1853-1902). Rhodes had created a vast diamond and gold-mining operation in South Africa and in the two African nations named after him: Northern and Southern Rhodesia (today Zambia and Zimbabwe, respectively). Rhodes, who was educated at Oxford, did the most of any Englishman to exploit the mineral resources of Africa and to make the southern African continent a vital part of the British Empire. Rhodes was more than a man driven to make a personal fortune. He was very concerned with the world and where it was headed, especially in regard to warfare. Although he lived almost a century ago, he envisioned a day when weapons of great destruction could destroy human civilization. His farsightedness inspired him to channel his considerable talents and personal fortune into building a world political system under which it would be impossible 330 William Bramley for a war of such magnitude to occur. Rhodes intended to create a one-world government led by Britain. The world government would be strong enough to stamp out any hostile actions by any group of people. Rhodes also wanted to unify people by making English the universal language. He sought to diminish nationalism and to increase awareness among people that they were part of a larger human community. It was with these goals in mind that Rhodes established the Round Table. In his last will, Rhodes also created the famous "Rhodes Scholarship"—a program still in operation today. The Rhodes scholarship program is designed to promote feelings of universal citizenship based upon Anglo-Saxon traditions. Rhodes' heart was clearly on the right track. If successful, he would have undone many of the harmful effects caused by purported Custodial actions and by the corrupted Brotherhood network. A universal language would have undone the damaging effects described in the Tower of Babel story of dividing people into different language groups. Promoting a sense of universal citizenship would help overcome the types of nationalism which help generate wars. Something went wrong, however. Rhodes committed the same error made by so many other humanitarians before him: he thought that he could accomplish his goals through the channels of the corrupted Brotherhood network. Rhodes therefore ended up creating institutions which promptly fell into the hands of those who would effectively use those institutions to oppress the human race. The Round Table not only failed to do what Rhodes had intended, but its members later helped create two of the 20th century's most heinous institutions: the concentration camp and the very thing that Rhodes had dedicated his life to preventing: the atomic bomb. Rhodes' idea for the Round Table had begun in his early twenties. At the age of 24, while a student at Oxford, Rhodes wrote his second will, which described his plans by bequeathing his estate for: .. . the establishment, promotion and development of a Secret Society, the true aim and object whereof shall be the extension of British rule throughout the world . .. THE GODS OF EDEN 331 and finally the foundation of so great a power as to hereafter render wars impossible and promote the best interests of humanity.3 Rhodes' secret society, the Round Table, was finally born in 1891. It was patterned after Freemasonry with its "inner" and "outer" circles. Rhodes's inner circle was called the Circle of Initiates and the outer was the Association of Helpers. The organization's name, the Round Table, was an allusion to King Arthur and his legendary round table. By implication, all members of Rhodes' Round Table were "knights." It was inevitable that Rhodes' success and political influence would bring him into contact with other "movers and shakers" of English society. Among them, of course, were the major financiers of Britain. One of Rhodes' chief supporters was the English banker, Lord Rothschild, head of the powerful Rothschild branch in England. Lord Rothschild was listed as one of the proposed members for the Round Table's Circle of Initiates. Another Rhodes associate was the influential English banker, Alfred Milner. After Rhodes died in 1902, the Round Table gained increased support from members of the international banking community. They saw in the Round Table a way to exert their influence over governments in the British Commonwealth and elsewhere. In the United States, for example, according to Dr. Quigley: The chief backbone of this [Round Table] organization grew up along the already existing financial cooperation running from the Morgan Bank in New York to a group of international financiers led by the Lazard Brothers.4 From 1925 onward, major contributions to the Round Table came from wealthy individuals, foundations, and companies associated with the international banking fraternity. They included the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, organizations associated with J. P. Morgan, and the Rockefeller and Whitney families. 332 William Bramley After World War I, the Round Table underwent a period of expansion during which many subgroups were created. The man responsible for getting many of the subgroups started was Lionel Curtis. In England and in each British dominion, Curtis established a local chapter (in Quigley's words, a "front group") of the Round Table called the Royal Institute of International Affairs. In the United States, the Round Table "front group" was named the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). Many Americans today are familiar with the New Yorkbased Council on Foreign Relations. The CFR is usually thought of as a "think tank" from which come a great many political appointees at the Federal level. Under the Presidential administration of Ronald Reagan, for example, more than seventy administration members belonged to the Council, including a number of top cabinet members. The CFR has dominated earlier Presidential administrations as well, and it dominates the present administration. The chairman of the CFR for many years has been banker David Rockefeller, former chairman of the Chase Manhattan Bank. Another Chase executive chaired the CFR before that. The warning of Thomas Jefferson has come true. The banking fraternity has exercised a strong influence on American politics, notably in. foreign affairs, and the Council on Foreign Relations is one channel through which it has done so. Regrettably, that influence has helped to preserve inflation, debt and warfare as the status quo. When Cecil Rhodes was alive, he gained considerable power in South Africa and served for a number of years as colonial governor there. He had a unique and effective way of delegating power. According to one of Rhodes' closest friends, Dr. Jameson, Rhodes gave a great deal of autonomy to his trusted men. Dr. Jameson once wrote: . .. Mr. Rhodes left the decision [on what to do in a situation] to the man on the spot, myself, who might be supposed to be the best judge of the conditions. This is Mr. Rhodes' way. It is a pleasure to work with a man of his immense ability, and it doubles the pleasure when you find that, in the execution of his THE GODS OF EDEN 333 plans, he leaves all to you; although no doubt in the last instance of the Transvaal business he has suffered for this system, still in the long run, the system pays. As long as you reach the end he has in view he is not careful to lay down the means or methods you are to employ. He leaves a man to himself, and that is why he gets the best work they are capable of out of all his men.5 This can be an effective style of leadership, except when the means used to achieve an end create their own problems. Some of the methods used by Rhodes' men did more long-term harm than immediate good. In South Africa, for example, a struggle between Dutch settlers (the "Boers") and the English erupted into the Boer War. During that conflict, one of the British officers under Rhodes, Lord Kitchener, established concentration camps to hold captured Boers. The camps were decreed by Kitchener on December 27, 1900 and over 117,000 Boers were eventually imprisoned within forty-six camps. Conditions were so inhumane that an estimated 18,000 to 26,000 people died, primarily from disease. It was tantamount to mass murder. Today we associate concentration camps with Nazi Germany and communist Russia, but their 20th-century usage actually began with the English under Lord Kitchener. Perhaps the greatest irony in the story of the Round Table was the role of that organization in creating the atomic bomb. After Rhodes' death, the Round Table groups went on to establish other organizations. One of them was the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) located in Princeton, New Jersey. The IAS greatly assisted the scientists who were developing the first atomic bomb for the United States. Institute members included Robert Oppenheimer, who has been dubbed the "Father of the A-Bomb," and Albert Einstein, to whom the Institute was like a home. As we have seen, the world was. undergoing many important developments as it entered the 20th century. Central banking was being organized into an international network. Bankers gained great influence in British and American foreign affairs through such groups as the Round Table 334 William Bramley and the Council on Foreign Relations. Meanwhile, the communist movement was gaining increasing momentum in Europe. This momentum bore fruit in 1917 when communist revolutionaries established their first "dictatorship of the proletariat" in Russia. Once again, the world was on the road to a Biblical Utopia. This post has been edited by trismegistos: Feb 26 2010, 08:56 PM |
Feb 23 2010, 07:17 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
And with "fixed exchange rate" you mean the gold standard.
One could also argue that the failing of the paper system is that it hasn't been executed radically enough - the "original" Greenback of the US Civil War wasn't backed by anything except the good word of the US government, without an additional promise of repayment of debt - this of course meant rampant inflation. This "paper system" was also very susceptible to forgery. but i was surprised that several times in history people actually forged money under a silver or gold standard that was superior in quality to the official coin, only to attempt to destablize a neighbor's economy. |
Feb 23 2010, 07:48 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 1,412 Joined: 3-March 09 From: Los Indios Bravos' Mu |
And with "fixed exchange rate" you mean the gold standard. One could also argue that the failing of the paper system is that it hasn't been executed radically enough - the "original" Greenback of the US Civil War wasn't backed by anything except the good word of the US government, without an additional promise of repayment of debt - this of course meant rampant inflation. This "paper system" was also very susceptible to forgery. but i was surprised that several times in history people actually forged money under a silver or gold standard that was superior in quality to the official coin, only to attempt to destablize a neighbor's economy. Gold Standard=Fixed Exchange rate Funny Money means Inflation and Devaluation. Additional measures are needed... These radical measures are from Larouche(and I quote): QUOTE In order to correct the failures of development, which have occurred due to the paradigm shift of the past 40 years, and above all, since the abandonment of the system of fixed exchange rates by U.S. President Richard Nixon, in 1971, and which led, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, with unrestrained globalization, to today's brutal vulture capitalism, we must implement the following measures: The emergency conference for a New Bretton Woods must immediately thus resolve: 1. The current world financial system must be declared hopelessly bankrupt and be replaced by a new one. 2. A system of fixed exchange rates must be agreed upon immediately. 3. Derivatives speculation must be prohibited through an agreement among governments. 4. There must be put into effect a comprehensive reorganization, or, as the case may be, a cancellation of debts. 5. There must be put in place new credit lines, through state credit creation, in the tradition of Alexander Hamilton and the American System, which will make possible productive full employment, through investments in basic infrastructure and technological revival. 6. The completion of the Eurasian Land-Bridge, as the kernel of the reconstruction of the world economy, is thus the vision which will not only bring about an economic miracle, but also can become a system of peace for the 21st Century. 7. A new "Treaty of Westphalia" must guarantee the opening up and development of raw materials for all nations on this Earth, for at least the next 50 years. From the looks of it, such radical measures will be dumped to the garbage bin by the global elites. We will be seeing the decline of the West and North and the Rise of South and East. This post has been edited by trismegistos: Feb 23 2010, 08:00 AM |
Feb 23 2010, 12:19 PM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 1,044 Joined: 19-September 09 From: California |
this post should be deleted! to delusional !
Feb 23 2010, 04:21 PM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
Gold Standard=Fixed Exchange rate Funny Money means Inflation and Devaluation. Additional measures are needed... These radical measures are from Larouche(and I quote): From the looks of it, such radical measures will be dumped to the garbage bin by the global elites. We will be seeing the decline of the West and North and the Rise of South and East. Point 3 and 4 will be hard to pursue. Either way, i didn't join Larouche's people because the membership dues were too high, and then they even wanted me to pay for the pamphlet they gave me too LOL Delusional Yes, of course ! But it might happen tomorrow - Expect the unexpected |
Feb 25 2010, 12:04 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 1,412 Joined: 3-March 09 From: Los Indios Bravos' Mu |
Point 3 and 4 will be hard to pursue. Global elites should listen to Larouche. Floating exchange rate is pure MADNESS.QUOTE Either way, i didn't join Larouche's people because the membership dues were too high, and then they even wanted me to pay for the pamphlet they gave me too LOL I don't know that. lolIn here, they gave CD and pamphlets for free. They need funding in order to fight the UNPERTURBABLE. They have mouths to feed also. Think of it as TITHING in order to continue their advocacy/ministry. QUOTE Delusional Yes, of course ! But it might happen tomorrow - Expect the unexpected It's not delusional if we are talking about our natural resources. Worthless Funny money. lol |
Feb 25 2010, 02:45 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
LOL anyway it didn't endear me to the organization, but Larouche sure writes interesting books, like the ones about Opium and Milton Friedman.
Tsk, Tsk, have you been sending Mangun e-mail updates or is he even reading this thread... This post has been edited by matigasngulo: Feb 25 2010, 02:45 AM |
Feb 26 2010, 02:02 AM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 1,412 Joined: 3-March 09 From: Los Indios Bravos' Mu |
LOL anyway it didn't endear me to the organization, but Larouche sure writes interesting books, like the ones about Opium and Milton Friedman. Tsk, Tsk, have you been sending Mangun e-mail updates or is he even reading this thread... Nah, I don't think so. You're full of pranks and smart alecky remarks, Mr. T. Trying to smokescreen your esoteric side. |
Feb 26 2010, 12:49 PM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 2,175 Joined: 29-October 09 |
Nah, I don't think so. You're full of pranks and smart alecky remarks, Mr. T. Trying to smokescreen your esoteric side. Since Shambhalista does a better job of looking into the occult mysteries of Lemuria, i am exploring the Atlanticist Mystics LOL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_dee The Spirits never sleep, you know. This post has been edited by matigasngulo: Feb 26 2010, 12:50 PM |
Feb 26 2010, 05:06 PM
AF Pro Group: Members Posts: 1,412 Joined: 3-March 09 From: Los Indios Bravos' Mu |
Since Shambhalista does a better job of looking into the occult mysteries of Lemuria, i am exploring the Atlanticist Mystics LOL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_dee The Spirits never sleep, you know. Wow! You are studying the science of the letters and numbers. QUOTE The science of ...... is very old and took its rise in the Orient. The sages of the dawn of history laid down the greatest secrets in the universal language, the metaphorical language, as can be seen from the hieroglyphs of ancient people, the Egyptians, and so on. It all boils down once again to Mu, the motherland. Follow the path of the Orichalcum/Tumbaga/Red Gold and you hit the place of Plato's Atlantis. This post has been edited by trismegistos: Mar 4 2010, 10:10 AM |
Feb 27 2010, 09:43 PM
AF Geek Group: Members Posts: 202 Joined: 20-April 09 |
To digress a little, below is the first stanza of Jose Rizal's Last Farewell. Since some posters equate Eden with the present day Philippines, did Rizal, at the back of his mind, somewhat also ponder the same thoughts before?
"Farewell, dear Fatherland, clime of the sun caress'd Pearl of the Orient seas, our Eden lost!, Gladly now I go to give thee this faded life's best, And were it brighter, fresher, or more blest Still would I give it thee, nor count the cost." This post has been edited by azaz: Feb 27 2010, 09:43 PM |
Lo-Fi Version | Time is now: 19th June 2013 - 03:44 PM |


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2nd Baseman Pivot
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17 Jun 2013
Our weekend's expert plans for this weekend. Every budget, many plans and a lot of fun under the sun! :)
Clink's Hot List June 7th Weekend! yay!
We're really sorry but we need to close the TV Court room for maintenance on the 3rd June.
Are you looking for the tasty side of London? England isn't all about Fish & Chips so if you're looking staying at Clink and looking for something to do at the weekend why not check out one of the bustling food markets around London.
Ever wondered what's happening at the city now? Take a look!
What better way to spend a Saturday morning.
A foodie's insight on the must-see Festival happening now
Moving Mountains update - New school uniforms in Kenya with help from Clink.


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Crosswalk Awareness Sheds Light On Street Safety
By: Channing Barker
Updated: October 10, 2012
Jane Ray lost her daughter Olivia in 2009 after she was hit by a car while walking across a crosswalk.
"She felt it was safet o cross and a third car coming along did not see the intersection and immediately hit her. She passed away four hours later," said Jane.
Jane now works to ensure safety for students on the UA campus during crosswalk safety awareness day.
"I believe that messages like this, it they're continually put before you, that impression will stick. It will help students on this campus, specifically where the crosswalks are. With 20,000 students, that's important."
Students like Cassidy Cunningham, who is shedding light on safety on the streets.
"It's just a good way to remember Olivia and show people how important it is to be noticeable in crosswalks. I think it's really important after what happened to let people know and be aware of safety on crosswalks," said Cassidy.
Holding signs, highlighting a cause close to their hearts.


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Promega has developed a new homogeneous reporter assay, the Dual-Glo™ Luciferase Assay System, for monitoring both firefly and Renilla luciferases expressed in mammalian cells in culture medium in 96- and 384-well plates. The new assay system is similar to the Dual-Luciferase® Reporter Assay System, except that cell lysis is integrated into the luminescence chemistry and the luminescence kinetics have been extended over several hours. The homogeneous assay format allows dual-reporter assays to be more easily and rapidly performed in multiwell plates by reducing sample processing requirements and eliminating the need for reagent injectors in the luminometer.
Promega Notes 81, 22–26.
Erika Hawkins, Braeden Butler, Michael Beck, Michael O'Grady, Laurie Orr and Keith Wood
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Protesters and police clashed outside the NATO summit in Chicago, where world leaders met to discuss the way forward in Afghanistan.
Police hit protesters with batons as they pushed against a line of officers, video from CNN affiliate WLS showed. The clashes came toward the end of a day of peaceful protests.
At least 45 people were arrested Sunday and four officers were taken to the hospital with injuries, said Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy. One officer had been stabbed in the leg, he said.
"They rallied. They charged the cops and they assaulted the officers," McCarthy said. "The finger should be pointed at the people who assaulted the cops."
Occupy Chicago, one of the groups that helped organize the demonstrations, similarly reported that some people were injured.
"The police have several demonstrators detained behind their lines, calling for medics. Bloodied protesters being dragged out of sight now," the group wrote on its Twitter page earlier in the day.
A city official, who was not authorized to talk to the media on police matters, told CNN that between 75-100 protesters had refused to leave the area after being told to disperse.
They threw bottles and other objects at police, the official said.
"Quite frankly, I think it's been an incredibly successful event in spite of some of these issues," said McCarthy, who offered high praise for his officers. "We're not here to get battered."
He accused some protesters of splashing red paint on themselves to make it look like they had been wounded.


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There will be a good deal of public singing these next few days, during the parties, celebrations and services surrounding the inauguration, and at the inaugural ceremonies themselves.
Democrats and Republicans alike will join voices and sing "The Star-Spangled Banner," "God Bless America" and other patriotic songs.
Politicians and regular citizens, regardless of where they align themselves along the liberal-conservative continuum, have long been able to put aside their differences as they blend their voices for certain time-honored lyrics:
"My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty."
"O beautiful, for spacious skies, for amber waves of grain."
But the song that is the centerpiece of every inauguration, and of virtually every formal public appearance by a president of the United States, will be heard instrumentally these next few days -- yet will not be sung.
The song is "Hail to the Chief."
Most people are probably unaware that it even has lyrics.
We're accustomed to hearing the United States Marine Band play the stirring, brass-heavy chords as the president comes into sight.
Why are the words to the song seldom sung?


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While you may just be putting the Halloween decorations away, retailers are already getting out the Christmas trees, Hanukkah menorahs and Kwanzaa candleholders, prepping for the longest holiday shopping season possible.
For decades, now, Black Friday has heralded the start to the month-long holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving, celebrated the fourth Thursday in November since 1941 when Congress passed a law, falls on Nov. 22 this year, which means that there are a whopping 32 days of shopping, assuming you are not the type who buys gifts of lottery tickets and beef jerky from the convenience store on the way to your Christmas celebration. In that case, you have 32 days during which to procrastinate.
According to the National Retail Federation (NRF), Americans are expected to spend an average of $749.51 on gifts, decorations and cards in 2012, up a bit from the $740.57 they spent in 2011.
Even with spending projected to be up, consumers are looking for ways to get more for their money. Layaway plans have made a big comeback, and NRF data shows the following:
- 31.4 percent of consumers will comparative shop online more often this year
- 46.4 percent will shop sales more often
- 6 percent will use their mobile device to comparative shop
If you are one of those hearty souls brave enough to venture out on Black Friday, get a head start by reviewing some of the already leaked Black Friday sales circulars from major retailers online.
When do you plan to start your holiday shopping? Take the Patch poll below.
9:08 am on Monday, November 5, 2012
A "shop til you drop" holiday season. Yep, brings the REAL meaning of the holidays to you, doesen't it? A big shame how most of our major holidays have disintegrated into a time when people feel they MUST over-spend, they MUSt buy what's "in" at that particular moment, their decorations MUST be better than their neighbors'.....