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00:01My name is Ismael Chivite. I'm the ArcGIS Server product manager.
00:04Maybe I'm the product manager for ArcGIS for Server, because we change the names from time to time.
00:10And with me is Anne Reuland who is a product engineer for ArcGIS for Server, lead engineer…
00:16…and Mohammed Hoque who also works on the Server team.
00:19And Mohammed is going to help us with very cool demos.
00:24Here is kind of an agenda.
00:25We'll start with talking about the vision, why…what do we think about building GIS server technology…
00:32…and why we do what we do.
00:34And then we'll talk about the new architecture in 10.1 which you'll see that is different.
00:40We'll go a little bit into the details of installing and configuring ArcGIS Server so you can see some changes…
00:47…then describe how you publish GIS servers, GIS services into the server.
00:53And then we'll cover functional enhancements, kind of a miscellaneous collection of demos…
00:58…showing some interesting new features in 10.1
01:01And then a little bit about the cloud and hopefully a lot of time for Q&A at the end.
01:07The vision for ArcGIS Server, we in the team think about ArcGIS Server as a central component of the ArcGIS system.
01:15It's a component that sits in the middle of things.
01:17It interconnects the different components of the ArcGIS system.
01:21Essentially we think of it as a web services machine, kind of a black box where you put things in and you get web services out.
01:29And web services are interesting because any client that understands HTTP can access these web services.
01:37A web browser, a mobile device, even workstations with ArcGIS Desktop understand web services.
01:42And that's great because that's how we can deliver GIS capabilities into any one at any time.
01:51Really this black box is a GIS server, a server.
01:56So the things you put into it are GIS resources like maps, data, images, geoprocessing, models…
02:04…and the web services you get out are map services, geoprocessing services, image services, and so on.
02:10These services use different protocols so people can communicate with us over HTTP, REST, SOAP, and also OGC specifications.
02:19That's kind of the idea.
02:20All what we do in Redlands to…to build this GIS server technologies…
02:26…to focus on, what can we do to make these web services machine better?
02:30What can we do so these web services are faster? So they are easier to publish. So they are more resilient…
02:36…so you can administer and configure this black box much easier.
02:40And that's what 10.1 is about.
02:43We have improved many aspects of these machine to make web services better.
02:49In this session, we are going to talk just about the web services machine.
02:54We are not going to talk about the clients, like what is new, what's coming in the JavaScript API, or that we will not cover.
03:00There are other sessions who cover that.
03:02We will not talk about databases, like what's new in the geodatabase and so on.
03:07There are other sessions that cover that.
03:09So this is really about the GIS server itself, right? The web services machine.
03:19One area where we are putting a lot of energy in this development cycle is performance.
03:25We want to make these web services faster, and there are two aspects that are making this possible.
03:30One is that the server in 10.1 runs as a native 64-bit application, which gives us kind of performance improvements across everything.
03:41Just, you know, we get a little bit better because we kind of use more memory in the machine and so on.
03:47But the difference is not radical, okay?
03:49The radical changes performance-wise come through different code optimizations.
03:54What are the most popular GIS operations that you use?
03:56I create a render map services.
04:00I geocode. I do service areas. I query the data. I identify features.
04:05Those are different GIS operations that we are optimizing to get better performance.
04:10And you saw yesterday, I think, how many of you were in the plenary yesterday?
04:14You saw a demonstration with drive times and queries, dramatic performance improvements.
04:20Is everything so fast like in the demonstration?
04:22No, but that's our aim to kind of improve everything there.
04:29It's quite difficult to get things to run so fast.
04:34So I just want you to know that we are working very hard.
04:36And actually I personally think that, if you install 10.1 and there are things that are slower than in 10…
04:42…you can freely call tech support and say you have a bug in the system.
04:46That's the way I look on these things, okay?
04:52We are delivering a new architecture in 10.1.
04:57The idea with this architecture was to simplify the GIS server.
05:01Let me explain what I mean by that.
05:03Today, when you install ArcGIS Server, you need to be aware of the many components that this GIS server is made of…
05:11…the web tier, the server object manager, the server object container, the SOM account, the SOC account, the web services account.
05:20You know, there are many components that made a GIS server, and they still exist in 10.1.
05:25We call them…we actually don't call them anything.
05:28We are hiding them from you. That's our big change.
05:33In ArcGIS Server 10.1, we still have these workers, these server object containers…
05:37…and we have pieces that kind of load balance across the different servers, but they are hidden to you.
05:42You won't see them in the setup.
05:45In 10.1, when you install ArcGIS Server, you install a fully functional component…
05:50…that has the load balancing components and the workers and even the web server in it.
05:56It's a self-contained server.
05:59You can put together different machines that have GIS servers to create kind of a cluster or a farm of GIS servers…
06:05…but there are no roles in this architecture.
06:08It's a peer to peer architecture.
06:10With every machine that is working with these…within these, we call it ArcGIS site, is equal.
06:16They all have the same services, access the same data, play the same roles.
06:20If one of the machines goes down, well, so what?
06:24There are others around, other peers that can keep doing the work.
06:31So it's simpler because we hide the internals of how it works.
06:35It's also simpler because it becomes a pure web services server.
06:42You know that today in 10, in 9.3.1, you can access your server via DCOM or via…and also via web services.
06:49In 10.1, DCOM is gone, and for those of you who don't know what DCOM is, don't worry, because it's gone.
07:00But for those of you who know what DCOM is and maybe you went through some nightmares with the configuration of security…
07:06…with DCOM _________[Unintelligible], you know that this is a good thing, isn't it?
07:14You might be wondering how do I administer my server in 10.1 if I cannot access it through DCOM…
07:20…because this is how we administer in the past.
07:22Well as I said, it's a pure web services server.
07:25If you access a map, you access a map through a web service to, let's say, get an image back.
07:31If you access a geoprocessing service, you access it through that web service end point.
07:35Administering, the same.
07:36You want to access the logs, HTTP.
07:39You want to add a new machine to your cluster, HTTP code.
07:43Do you want to create a new service? You create a new service by calling a web service that creates a map service.
07:49You get the idea?
07:50Very powerful, because now that means that, hey, if I can do everything through HTTP…
07:55…I can script many things I couldn't script in the past to administer my server…
08:01…to reallocate map service instances across the different times of the day, and so on.
08:06Very powerful.
08:10You'll see that this new architecture is going to make the installation of ArcGIS Server much, much simpler.
08:17So Anne is going to go through this process so you can see what it feels like installing 10.1. Anne.
08:29Okay. Thank you, Ismael.
08:31I have some screen captures showing the ArcGIS Server 10.1 setup on a Windows machine.
08:36And I want to walk you through that and highlight some of the things that have changed.
08:40We get a lot of feedback about the install.
08:43Whether we hear about it through our formal tech support channels or talking to you here at the conference…
08:48…or listening on the forums, we know that this is an area of the software that you'd like to see us make faster and make easier.
08:55And many of the changes that went into 10.1 allowed us to do that.
09:00So let me walk you through this.
09:01Here's the familiar initial welcome screen for ArcGIS Server.
09:05Once you progress through that and through the acceptance of the license agreement…
09:10…the first panel that you're interacting with is the Select Features panel.
09:14So this goes back and shows you something that Ismael just highlighted.
09:18There's one feature. It's the GIS server and you're getting everything in that one feature.
09:23You're getting the GIS server, you're getting a built-in web server, you're getting support for SOAP and REST…
09:29…you're getting the manager that you're going to use to administer services and the server…
09:34…and the services directory which you can use to discover URLs when you're developing applications.
09:39So prior to this, there were different features, and you had to choose them, and you had to decide which machine to put them on.
09:45And we've eliminated all that and said, there's one feature, it's the GIS server, you're going to get it…
09:50…and this server's going to be running when you install it.
09:53The only subfeature of the install that you're going to see is this one that you see here in my picture, this .NET extension support.
10:01This is specifically an optional feature for .NET developers who are developing and deploying server object extensions.
10:09So if the machine has .NET framework 3.5 on it, this feature will be enabled and…
10:15…really, it's only applicable in that case that I just mentioned for .NET developers.
10:19You'll also use this screen to confirm the installation of ArcGIS Server.
10:24From there, you're confirming the installation of Python, and at 10.1, this is a 64-bit version of Python.
10:31Next step is to set up the account that ArcGIS Server is going to run as.
10:36So on the Windows machine when you go into the Windows services panel, and you see the ArcGIS Server there…
10:42…this is the account that that service is going to run as.
10:45This becomes important when you're setting up data or you're setting up multiple machines.
10:49You need to know what account that service is running as.
10:53This can be a local account or it can be a domain account.
10:56If it's a local account, it can be an existing local account or it can be a new account and the install will create it for you.
11:03The important note about this account is that it does not need to be an administrator on the machine.
11:09So the setup isn't going to put it into the administrator's group…
11:12…and you're not going to be asked later to put into the administrator's group.
11:15It's not a requirement at 10.1.
11:18So by default, this local account called ArcGIS is created.
11:22And once I put in a password, I can go on to the next panel.
11:26Optionally, I can choose to export that account information into a config file…
11:31…and hold onto that config file if I want to use it for subsequent installs and whatnot.
11:36After that, you've done everything that you need to do to begin the installation of ArcGIS Server…
11:42…and we can now launch the install.
11:45So a few more points that I want to make about the install that can't come clear in those screen captures…
11:50…are that there's no install dependencies.
11:53So prior to this of running the server setup, you would have to check for, say, IIS dependencies, things of that nature.
12:00All those things have been eliminated, making it much easier to get going.
12:04The other thing that you can't see from my screen captures is that the setup time has been cut in half.
12:10The setup time really wasn't delayed in previous releases by just the laying down of the files…
12:15…it was the editing of the Windows registry that was taking so much time during the install.
12:21Well, we don't change and modify the Windows registry at 10.1, and once all of that was eliminated from the install…
12:28…across all of our test machines, we saw the setup time get cut in half.
12:32So on my machine, it was taking about 8 to 10 minutes before that happened, and now I see it completed in about 4 minutes.
12:38So there's been a big change in terms of the speed of getting the setup done.
12:43Final point is, and we've been making this and you've heard us say this, ArcGIS Server 10.1 runs on a 64-bit operating system.
12:51So if you attempt to run the 10.1 setup on a non-64-bit operating system…
12:56…you're not even going to see that Welcome panel that I showed in my first slide.
13:00Instead, you're going to get a message notifying you of the requirement for the 64-bit operating system…
13:05…and once you've confirmed that message, the setup is going to exit.
13:09So there's no fuzziness there. It's only 64-bit.
13:13Okay. Now after the setup completes, the next step is to launch immediately into the software authorization wizard…
13:19…to authorize Server and then to go into Manager to do the final step, which is to configure the site.
13:26So the software install completes, it launches the authorization file where you would pick up your provisioning file…
13:33…to authorize the software, and then once the software is authorized, the next step is to go into ArcGIS Server Manager…
13:42…and configure the site.
13:44So let me go ahead and go over to ArcGIS Server Manager, which this is a new manager, and I'll be showing more of this soon.
13:51And I'm at the point on this machine where the software's been installed and authorized.
13:56And I'm at the completion step for the server setup.
14:00Either I can either at this point create a new site or join an existing site.
14:05So create a new site is what I want to do on a new install on a new machine.
14:10The join an existing site is a scenario that you would follow through with…
14:13…if you already have a machine where you've installed ArcGIS Server…
14:17…and you're taking another machine where it's been installed and joining it to that site.
14:22So that's not our scenario. Our scenario is that we've just installed the software.
14:25So I want to take you through what you're going to do when you install it and go ahead and create the new site.
14:31The first thing I need to do is specify a user name and password that's going to be considered the ArcGIS Server administrator account.
14:39I'm going to use this to log in to Manager. I'm going to use this to do anything administrative level against the server.
14:45The next step is to configure the ArcGIS Server directories.
14:49This is a familiar step from previous releases.
14:52The directories are where we store the cache, if you generate a cache, or if you're running GP jobs, the GP results, images…
15:00…that's all stored in ArcGIS Server directories, and you can choose this default location on your C drive or change it right here.
15:07The configuration store is new at 10.1.
15:10This is the location where we're storing files that are important to the configuration and running of ArcGIS Server.
15:17And same thing goes. You can accept this default, or you can change it here on this panel.
15:22Clicking Next through that, I'll click Finish, and now the Create Site is beginning.
15:28So what the Create Site is doing, it is creating that admin user name and password that I specified in the first panel here…
15:35…it's creating those server directories, and it's creating the ArcGIS Server configuration store and populating the configuration store.
15:45At the end of this, the server's going to be ready to be used.
15:49So now that you've seen the install and the software authorization and this step in Manager to create site…
15:57…you'll notice that there's no postinstalls.
16:00So earlier when I mentioned that there's so much feedback that we get about the install, it's really about the postinstall…
16:06…folks being uncertain about when to run it or they know when to run it but it doesn't complete successfully.
16:13So at 10.1, we've been able to eliminate the postinstall entirely, and we've been able to do that because of the changes that are in 10.1.
16:22Either the things that were needed to be done in the postinstall are no longer required…
16:25…such as DCOM, which we already mentioned, or, we've moved the options.
16:30The install is now where you set the account, there's one account, and then the Create Site is where you set up the directories…
16:37…another step that was in the postinstall.
16:39So no postinstall at 10.1.
16:42Alright. So the Create Site is complete, and it's now asking me to log in with that administrator account.
16:48And I'm in, and this ArcGIS Server is ready to be used.
16:53And the next step I want to do is actually start publishing some services and using the service…
16:58…but we're going to pause briefly here and just show you some diagrams of the architecture…
17:03…what we set up, and Ismael is going to reiterate a few points there.
17:07Okay. Thank you, Anne.
17:12I just want to reiterate a few points.
17:15What you saw is that the server is not made up of many pieces.
17:20It's just one, self-contained box, the GIS server.
17:25The GIS server has its own web server associated to it.
17:30You probably don't know that, but by default, we use port 6080 for it.
17:35The web server is part of the GIS server installation.
17:39You also noticed that there are some components that before were installed in the…in a third-party web server…
17:49…in this case, like Manager.
17:50The ArcGIS Server Manager application which is the web browser-based administration tool for server…
17:55…is also included with your GIS server installation.
17:58You don't need IIS or Apache 2 to host it.
18:02You also noticed that Anne was configuring server with two very key directories.
18:07One was the, we call it…
18:10Configuration store.
18:12The configuration store, there you go.
18:13The configuration store, which is where the server goes…
18:17…and looks for all the different services that need to be started in the GIS server. Okay.
18:25And there is another key directory which is the ArcGIS Server…ArcGIS…let's call it ArcGIS Server directory, right?
18:34Is that how we call it?
18:37And this is a directory where we store things like the map cache, where we put the output of the geoprocessing jobs, et cetera.
18:44This is key to understand what these directories are because you know that instead of having three Windows accounts…
18:51…we have just one to run the server.
18:55It's the ArcGIS Server account.
18:58This is the account that ArcGIS Server uses to access the configuration store and the ArcGIS Server directory.
19:06And other than that, the only account that we need is the ArcGIS Server Manager account…
19:12…which is the account that people use to access the administration tool.
19:16Is this making sense? Yes. Okay.
19:20In the next slide, I have a diagram that represents how you would normally configure a farm of GIS servers in 10.1.
19:30It's the same concept.
19:31You install, like Anne did, ArcGIS Server in separate machines…
19:35…and you put them together under, what we call is an ArcGIS site.
19:40These machines, these GIS servers, are going to communicate, as you can see here, over TCP/IP to load balance…
19:46…and to do the load balancing across the GIS server tier.
19:52You can see that here I have actually integrated my ArcGIS Server with an external web server…
19:58…and you may want to do that for many different reasons.
20:00One of them is, hey, I want people to access my web services through port 80. Right?
20:05So you have IIS. You install this little component called the Web Adaptor.
20:10And it's kind of like a proxy service through which all requests come port 80 and they get reelected into port 68.
20:18Is that clear? Yes.
20:23People in the GeoLounge are saying, are saying yes.
20:31Let's talk about the publishing experience.
20:33Okay. I have my server running. How do I publish services?
20:37This has changed a lot since 9, I mean since 10.
20:41Here's the idea.
20:42You have a GIS analyst who's working with ArcGIS Desktop…
20:45…and this person normally has access to the data that ArcGIS Desktop is using, right…
20:50…the data in your maps, the data in your geoprocessing models.
20:53The challenge is to move this data and GIS resources into your GIS server so you can create web services.
21:01It's a challenge because often the server lives in a separate network.
21:05Maybe there is a firewall in between the server and the GIS analyst.
21:10Sometimes the server is even running in the cloud.
21:13So how do I get things across?
21:14Well, I ask the IT department for permission to pinch a hole in the firewall.
21:18I move the data, I remote desktop to the machine so I choose all the paths and I fix everything and then I publish.
21:25Well it's possible, and many of you are doing that.
21:27But, you would agree with me that it's not that easy, is it?
21:32So the idea with publishing in 10.1 is to simplify this process as much as possible.
21:37You still can follow this procedure.
21:40But there is a new technique for publishing where you can use ArcGIS Desktop to create a package.
21:49And this package can contain the data that the GIS resources use.
21:54So the idea is that you create this service definition, which is a big file…
21:59…and the service definition is sent across to the server via port 80 or port 6080, the HTTP.
22:08So you are telling the server, publish this map. I am sending the data along with it.
22:14We lay down the data in the server and we launch the service.
22:21So, these service definitions are a completely new concept, and these service definitions are filed…
22:26…and you can actually uncompress and they may include the data or not.
22:30It's your call.
22:34Let's have a look at how these really work. Let's look at a demo of publishing. Okay.
22:41Thank you, Ismael. I'm going to leave Manager for a moment and go to Desktop.
22:45And here I have a map open that I'd like to publish to the server.
22:50So we've been talking quite a bit about the publishing experience, and I'm just going to walk through that and show a bit more detail.
22:56The publishing experience in 10.1 in Desktop begins from the Share As dialog…
23:02…and I'm going to choose to Share As a service, and I want to publish a service.
23:08First thing I need to do is make a connection to my ArcGIS Server.
23:13There's three types of connections to a GIS server.
23:16You're either using it…using the services, publishing, or administrating.
23:20I will be publishing.
23:22Now I need to specify the URL to my server. I'll specify that here.
23:30And publishing requires that I put in the admin user name and password.
23:36Now here is the option that we have been talking about, checking the copy data to the server when publishing option…
23:43…means that, when I publish this service, I want the data to be picked up, packaged up, and included with the service.
23:52So that, yes, with the service definition.
23:55So, let me go ahead and confirm that now.
24:00For those of you who've used Server, and likely this is a scenario that you'll be using once you get 10.1.
24:05Okay, so I've made the connection, and I'm going to accept the defaults for the service name and also the default for the folder.
24:12At this point, I'm in the service editor, and many of these options here along the vertical panel should look familiar…
24:19…because these are the options that we've had in previous releases.
24:22I'm going to point out a few things that have changed.
24:25In the Pooling tab, we don't support nonpooled services any more…
24:29…so the Pooling tab has changed just to allow you to set up your mid and ___________[Unintelligible]…
24:34….and your timeouts for your pooled services.
24:36The other thing that's changed is that, now upfront during the publishing process, you can define the caching tiling scheme.
24:44Previously, you had to publish and then come back to define the caching tiling scheme.
24:48You can now do that up front during publishing.
24:51And then finally, the item description is a new tab.
24:55You can see that I have some of the required information for the summary and the tags already populated here.
25:01That's because that information has been authored into the map document properties.
25:06Because it's there, it's flowing through here into the item description.
25:09If it weren't here, I'd have to type it in manually.
25:12But a best practice is to persist it and include it in with the map document properties.
25:17Alright. So now that the service properties have been set, let's go ahead and analyze this map document…
25:25…and ensure that it's ready for use on the server.
25:27So I'll click Analyze, and everything looks okay here.
25:32I am getting one warning, a medium-level warning, but I've looked at this warning…
25:36…and determined that it's okay for my particular map document for the server.
25:40Alright. So now I am ready to publish.
25:44So what's happening here…yes, you can see somewhat through the status dialogs is that the data is getting picked up…
25:51…it's getting packaged up, and it's getting included in the service definition…
25:56…and when this publish completes, I will not have done any of the work to get the data to the server.
26:03I'm having the publishing process do that for me, all because I checked on that option while I was making the connection.
26:11Now while we're here and I talked about the analyze, let me talk about a few things with that.
26:15We have had analyzers for map documents from previous releases, so that is not new.
26:21One thing that is new is that there are now analyzers for all the different GIS resources.
26:27So whether you're publishing a feature service or geoprocessing service or an image service, there's analyzers.
26:32All those analyzers for any of those services and the map services are all there…
26:36…to help you ensure that you have a successful map service…you have a successful service once it's published.
26:42They're troubleshooting it afterwards.
26:45Okay. The publish is done.
26:48So let me go back to Manager.
26:50I published it to the root, so I'm just going to click to refresh the root.
26:54The service is now there, and let me just go right into the properties for it and just draw it up so you can see what it looks like.
27:03I'll put it just on top of the ArcGIS.com basemap.
27:07Alright. So that's my service. It's all ready and it's done.
27:11Now, I want to go back to Desktop, and I'll just open up a different map document here.
27:24I want to go back to the file Share As option, talk just a bit about this second option, Save a Service definition.
27:31So I just walked you through this first option to publish a service.
27:35The idea behind the Save a Service definition is that…
27:39…you want to do all the work to get your map document or your GIS resource ready to be published…
27:46…but you don't want to publish it right away.
27:48So you want to go through and set the editor, go through the editor and set the properties, analyze it, make sure it's ready to go…
27:56…and then save all of that work so that you can publish it later.
28:00Maybe you're going to publish it later; maybe you're going to hand it off to somebody else…
28:04…and they're actually going to publish it to the server.
28:06That scenario is Save a Service definition. That's what this second option does.
28:12Takes you through the same wizards that you just saw me go through that resulted in that service getting published…
28:18…but instead, it saves a service definition or a .sd file to your disk where you chose to put it…
28:25…and you can pick it up later and publish it in Desktop or in Manager.
28:30So, I'm going to do that.
28:32I'm going to pick up…I'm going to go through the publish experience now in Manager…
28:36…and I'm going to pick up a service definition for that map that I created, stored here on my drive…
28:43…and you'll see that as I go through here in Manager to publish it, I'm getting some basic properties about it…
28:48…the name and the location.
28:50This is all being populated by what was saved in the service definition, as well the capabilities…
28:57…and now, I'm publishing that service starting with the service definition.
29:03This service definition, I did the same thing as you saw me do with the publish.
29:07I chose to include the data with the service definition.
29:11So I didn't take any of the extra manual steps to put the data in for the correct location on the server.
29:17And let's go through into the same thing here and open up that service and have a look at it.
29:25I'm in just a bit too far for ArcGIS.com, so there it go.
29:29It's in the Cayman Islands, and my service is now published.
29:32So that was the scenario starting from a service definition.
29:36Okay. Now that I've shown you publishing in Desktop and publishing in Manager…
29:43…this manager, of course, is new, you're seeing this.
29:45And so I just want to walk you briefly through some of the changes that are here in Manager.
29:50Manager is not just for managing services. It's also for administering your ArcGIS Server site.
29:57So here from the Site tab, you can see that I have options to change the server directories…
30:02…so I set this up front during the create site, but I can also come in here later and edit any of these.
30:08Same thing goes. I can edit the location of this configuration store, these files that are important for Server.
30:15I have an ArcGIS Server site with a single machine set up.
30:19You saw me create that site and it's this one machine.
30:22But, you can add more machines to your site, and you would do that here in this dialog.
30:27You can add them and you can also administer them here.
30:31If…if you have a server object extension developed and you want to deploy it, this is the dialog to deploy your server object extension.
30:39It will list any deployed server object extensions and will allow you to deploy another.
30:45The Software Authorization tab allows you to review anything that was done during the software authorization wizard at the beginning.
30:53Then, of course, you can also configure security for ArcGIS Server and Manager.
30:58The 10.1 security model follows the same model as at 10.0.
31:03The only difference is that we've changed the wizard and we changed the dialog to step you through the different options.
31:11So we saw that we got a lot of feedback saying, okay, well you have those options, but I'm not sure what goes with what…
31:17…which properties go with what.
31:18We now have a wizard where you choose that up front and walk through that, and we'll be showing that in some other sessions here.
31:25And then finally, ArcGIS Server Manager is also for looking into the log files, both for setting them and for viewing them.
31:32So by default, the ArcGIS Server log level is set to warning.
31:36That's a typical level that you'd be running the server at.
31:39But if you're troubleshooting a problem or you're wanting to, say, look into more details about a particular layer…
31:44…you can increase the log level to its highest level, which is fine, and save that setting.
31:50And now what I have to do is go and…let's use the server a bit here so that I can generate some logs.
31:58So let me go into this service and I'll bring it up again, and now that the log level is set to fine…
32:04…let me go in and zoom in on this service a bit and pan and zoom to generate some information into my logs.
32:11Now I'll go back to Manager.
32:13I want to query the logs at that fine level for anything that's happened recently, say, in the last hour, and update my view of the logs.
32:22And now I have some more information that I can start looking into.
32:26I can control and manage these columns here.
32:29Through the Manage Columns button, I can remove certain columns or, in my case, right…
32:34…I'm looking for some more information about a particular layer drawing.
32:37I can add in, say, the Time Elapsed property.
32:41It gets added onto the end here, but I can pick it up and move it where I need it, and then start doing some more work with these logs.
32:49And, of course, if I wanted to take these logs and pull them forward either to print them out or to share them…
32:55…or to put them into another application, I can do that by using this printer-friendly view to go ahead and get that logs output.
33:04So that was a look at both installing and configuring ArcGIS Server, publishing in Desktop, the publishing experience in Manager…
33:13…and administering the ArcGIS Server site with a new look at this new ArcGIS Server Manager.
33:19And, now I'm going to hand it back to Ismael because we want to talk more about the different enhancements…
33:22…that have gone into the different GIS services.
33:25Okay, just…just to wrap up…just some comments.
33:28She didn't have to refresh the REST directory any more. It happens automatically. Right.
33:36Second, she was not able to publish an MXD directly. She had to create a service definition.
33:43You can no longer go to a locator and say publish to server and publish it without creating a service definition.
33:49That happens with all resources.
33:52The other one is that she was using managers to look at the logs and so on.
33:57You could also use, programmatically, everything you can do from Manager…
34:01…you can do programmatically through these new REST API for administration of ArcGIS Server…
34:06…which we are not going to look into ______[Unintelligible], you know, from an administrative point of view is very important.
34:13Now, let's talk about some functional enhancements, and I will do this with demonstrations basically.
34:21Map services…a lot of work went into map services.
34:25Let me explain what these dynamic layers are about, because I think this is a very, very powerful in different scenarios.
34:32One of them is when you have large collections of datasets that you want to publish on the web…
34:38…today, you integrate a map service, and that map service can hold maybe a few hundred layers at best.
34:45With these dynamic layers, you can serve thousands of layers.
34:51The other scenario is when people want to change the symbology of data.
34:55You probably saw this demo, but I want to go a little bit more into the details here.
35:00You know this application is pointing to a map service in 10.1…
35:03…and lets me change different renderer information from the web application.
35:09I'm using this little window here.
35:11This is Firebug, which basically tells me what is going on in between my web browser and the server, so we can inspect the requests.
35:20So let's have a closer look at this. It's called an export map on the service…
35:25…and in the parameters, you can see that we have the bounding box as usual, but also we have this dynamic layers text.
35:33Now let's go into the services directory where you can look at the same map service in the services directory.
35:40If I scroll down, you'll see that we have this new option, Dynamic Layer.
35:44That's new in 10.1.
35:47If I go to Export Map, you'll see that by default it's going to export the map in the default extent with a different symbology.
35:54You'll notice that the symbology of this map is yellow but in reality in the web app, you are looking at real thematic maps.
36:00Let's scroll down, and you'll see that here we have the information for dynamic layers.
36:05Let's play with that a little bit.
36:07I'm going to reset the bounding box to something that is not default…
36:13…so I will change that parameter and call Export Map Image again, and then the map is centered.
36:20Now let's go back to Fire…Firebug and let's copy the Dynamic Layers parameter that was sent to the server.
36:30Scroll down and say copy and get the image again.
36:36Now you see that it answers with a thematic map. Okay?
36:41If you look carefully at the information here, you'll see that dynamic layers contains the drawing info.
36:50And the drawing info is all about, well, what is the renderer I want to use, class breaks.
36:56What is the minimum value of the first class? What is the maximum value of the first class?
37:01What is the label and what is the symbol?
37:04So you can see that we are defining the symbology for the outline and, as well, for the polygon itself, the field.
37:13And here are even the RGB values for the first class.
37:17So let's change that to red. This is R, G for green, and blue zero, and this is a transparency.
37:28Change those values, call Get Again, and these will return the map with one of the classes in red.
37:36Why is this powerful?
37:37Because not only you can control the symbology of the layers, you can control which layers are drawn.
37:44So, if my map service is configured with 1,000 layers, I can pick any layer and pick and choose in whatever order I want…
37:51...and display the information.
37:55So back to the application that said you want to highlight a class.
38:01You can see that I can highlight a specific class.
38:03This is also used in dynamic layers.
38:05I'm telling the server, draw class 1 or class 2 in yellow.
38:10Give me back the image, and then the application will display it.
38:18Okay, so let's look at how this is actually configured.
38:23I go to my server. Here is the map service, and I will look at the services…service properties.
38:31In the Parameters tab, there is a new option…Dynamic Layers.
38:34And you can see that optionally you can let people overwrite the symbology of your map service.
38:40When you check this option, people can change the renderer, but they cannot change…
38:45…they cannot add more layers to your map service.
38:48So say you add 10 layers, people can play with these 10 layers and change the symbology.
38:53The second concept is this manage.
38:56What this allows you to do is to say, my map service is configured to have access to a number of workspaces.
39:04And these work…these workspaces could be databases or folders containing file geodatabases, shapefiles, et cetera.
39:12If I have a folder where I have 1,000 shapefiles, my map service will have access to them.
39:19So the web application developer can pick from any of the shapefiles, add it to the map service, and change the symbology.
39:25The great thing is that you can add additional datasets to these folders while the map service is running.
39:34So say you want someone to upload a shapefile to the server, you put that shapefile into a particular folder…
39:41…and now from the web application, you can say added, select, you know, filter…
39:48…you can do queries on that shapefile and so on, which is very powerful, very flexible.
39:54Let's look at a demonstration now where we're going to see these in action.
39:59Here we have a web application that has a few layers loaded.
40:03So ___________ [Unintelligible] is going to basically add a new layer…
40:07…and this layer is coming from one of these workspaces that was defined.
40:12And there might be thousands of datasets in there, so let's add the parcels, and now the layer is added at the top.
40:22Let's put that layer down in the table of contents so, again, we build this dynamic layer string…
40:31…we send it to the server and say, hey, the parcel layer is not on top, it's at the bottom.
40:35Now let's say, change the symbology of the parcel layer, and then you can pick and choose the symbology…
40:43…and ask the server again to render.
40:48And this goes even farther.
40:49You can say, I want to look at a particular version of this database.
40:55So you look in the middle, you'll see a section that now has pipes…
40:59…and if we go back to the previous version, you'll see that they will go away.
41:07This is something you should think about because it has…it's very useful for many scenarios.
41:13Combining the server-side capabilities with feature layers and client-side graphics…
41:19…you can really create very powerful applications.
41:34Okay, the second…excuse me…the second enhancement is this export web map.
41:40The export web map is a new out-of-the-box service that shapes with 10.1…
41:46…and it's useful when you want to let users create high-quality maps that you can take to the printer.
41:57You also see…so…if you were in the Plenary, you probably saw this demonstration, but we'll go into more detail here.
42:04I have couple of services, one for the basemap which is coming from ArcGIS Online.
42:10As you can see, I'm drawing a graphic, and here I have a geoprocessing tool that lets me create a viewshed.
42:18So I will execute these tools and use this little widget.
42:23This widget lets me create a PDF file that I can put in later.
42:33The map styles are preconfigured at map layout documents.
42:37You'll see in a minute how you can configure these layouts.
42:40Now the beauty of these is that I can use that map to offer very beautiful layouts with a title, the logo, the scale bar, and so on…
42:48…and then populate these layouts with the content coming from these web applications.
42:53I can even force the scale to whatever I want, in this case, 1:36,000…
43:00…and then I click Print and sends the request to the server to generate this PDF…this PDF file.
43:19Let me run it again.
43:28Okay. You see that?
43:29So here we have dynamic text which I manipulated from the widget.
43:34We have a typical grid created in ArcMap, a legend, the scale.
43:40This is also dynamic text.
43:45If I go to Manager in my server, if I remember the password here. There you go.
43:55There is a folder called Utilities.
43:57Whenever you install Server, this folder will be there, and it contains the export web map service.
44:03This is the one we were invoking.
44:05This is actually a geoprocessing service, and the geoprocessing service is located in the Install directory of ArcGIS Server.
44:16This is the service, or actually the tool that is behind that service.
44:21And this tool has a parameter which is pointing to a folder.
44:26In this folder is where I put the different ______[Unintelligible] map layouts that I want to use for users to pick from.
44:34You can see that I have two MXDs.
44:36I can add as many layers as I want here, and they will show up in the list for users to pick from.
44:44And really a layout is nothing but map…let's switch to the Layout mode here.
44:54You don't even need to have any data, although I have it here.
44:57You see, that's…that's pretty much all you need to do.
45:06Sorry. Thank you.
45:14Okay. That's all it takes.
45:18Does this make any sense?
45:21You can create layouts to print 8 by 11 inch or 33 by 44 inch. Obviously, the larger the layout, the more time it's going to take.
45:32But let me warn you about something.
45:36What this service is doing is…is sending to the server a big string that indicates which web services are to be rendered…
45:44…which graphics there are in that map, which selections, and so on.
45:48And then, in the server, we go to these web services, we pull the images all together, we put them into an ArcMap document…
45:55...we call Export to PDF.
45:57With this service really, you can print at max 11 by 17 inch pieces of paper.
46:03Otherwise, you are going to see pixilation in the maps.
46:07If you really want to create very high-quality maps in wallpaper kind of sizes, then we have another solution…
46:16…which is based on ArcPy mapping.
46:18ArcPy mapping is a module we added in ArcGIS 10 which allows you to do map automation, and you can write…
46:24…it's not out of the box. It's for Python developers.
46:27And you can put together your scripts. In 10.1, we are adding utilities so you can handle this communication…
46:34…between the web application and the ArcPy mapping much better.
46:37In a sense, you can, with one single line of code, you can get all the contents of a web mapping application and…
46:44…put them into a map document so you can later manipulate things so they print on very high resolution.
46:53There was one question over here.
46:55[Audience question] Is the legend dynamic visible within the display?
46:58Excellent question. Is this legend dynamic?
47:01Well, it depends. In the case that you are using the out-of-the-box export web map service, it will not be dynamic…
47:09…because ArcMap will be using services to render the information within the layout…
47:14…but with ArcPy mapping, what normally people will do is, they will get the information that is displayed in the web mapping…
47:21…application and change the paths.
47:23So rather than pointing to web services, you will be pointing to local data sources…
47:28…and at that point, that legend will be dynamic.
47:33[Inaudible author question]
47:36Right. The intent of dynamic layers is to display in the legend only the information that is contained within the extent.
47:44So there are no hydrants within the current extent. There will be no hydrants in the legend.
47:50Right? Very good question.
48:00Feature services. In feature services, there is one interesting capability…
48:05…that was added, which has to do with how you control access to features.
48:11It's called ownership-based data access.
48:14Let me illustrate that with a demonstration.
48:18Here I have an application where I can edit features.
48:22I can click on a feature, and I can move it, or I can click on that feature and I can delete it.
48:33Maybe it timed out or something.
48:35Let me reload the application so we can do it.
48:38Also, since I am launching again, you'll see that actually when I start the application, I need to log in to it.
48:46I need to tell the application who I am, because based on who I am, I'll be able to do more things or fewer things.
48:55So, again, I'll come here, select a feature and say delete.
49:00I was able to delete the feature because that feature belonged to me.
49:05I created it in the first place.
49:07So say I go to the feature template and I add a new feature.
49:10Automatically, it knows that the creator is Ismael.
49:14And the service, the feature service is configured so only creators of the features can actually delete them.
49:21If I were to edit this…this feature here which Gary created, I wouldn't be able to edit.
49:27You can see that all the options are grayed out because it doesn't belong to me.
49:33It's important to highlight that this is not feature level security.
49:40This is just security based on creation.
49:45You understand the difference?
49:47They're still very useful because in the past, anyone could create, anyone could delete.
49:52Now you can control that.
49:54And this is extremely easy to set up.
49:58If I go to ArcMap and I have a look at my…my map, you'll see that it points to an ArcSDE database which is this one…
50:10…and it…it's adding these three feature classes.
50:14When I right-click on them and I go to Properties, you'll see that there is a new tab.
50:19It's called Editor Tracking.
50:21In this tab, you can say, Enable Editor Tracking.
50:25Every time a person creates a feature, I want to store the name of that person in this field, and I also want to store the time…
50:33…and you could even go farther and say, I also want to keep track of edits to see when a feature was updated the last time.
50:43This editor tracking capability is enabled as you can see at the geodatabase level.
50:48So it also works, as you saw yesterday in the Plenary, from Desktop.
50:54With this information in place, mostly the creator, we can go to the feature service and define who has access to what.
51:13Service properties, feature access. This is checked Enable Ownership-Based Access Control on Features…checked.
51:26And also you can say what people can do on those features.
51:30So in this case, you can see that I don't let people who have not created that feature either update or delete.
51:36But I could say, even though you didn't create the feature, I let you change an attribute, so I would check that.
51:43Make sense?
51:48So that's one aspect of feature services in 10.1.
51:52The other one is that, if you remember in 10, when you publish a feature service, you define the version you want people to edit.
52:01All web users will edit the same version.
52:04Let me take the question at the end, please.
52:07In 10.1, you can tell the feature service in which version you want to store the change.
52:13You kind of saw this with the demo that _______ [Unintelligible] did where he was changing the version of the map service.
52:19That also works with feature services.
52:21So in this map, you are looking at the default version, but I can click on this guy and I change to version John version Ismael.
52:29You see that? We are switching the versions. No big deal. This is done with map services.
52:34You already knew this. It's done through dynamic layers.
52:36But now I can also click on a particular feature and say, well, now I want to move this feature.
52:44Well, this feature is moved in the version called John, not in version called default.
52:53Right? You also saw how I was able to move a customer connection and the pipe would move along…
53:00…because that's geodatabase behavior that happens in the server tier.
53:07You can create versions. You can delete versions as well through geoprocessing.
53:11So normally in these workflows, you combine the feature service, the map service, and geoprocessing services.
53:18When I say, create a new version, really what I'm doing is invoking that geoprocessing service that creates a new version.
53:30Right? And now I can start editing.
53:32Is this making sense?
53:34Yes. Do you…do you think this is useful? Yes. Okay. Right? Whew.
53:48Oh, yes. One last thing. Roll-back on failure.
53:53This is very simple. Sometimes you want edit operations to happen in ______ [Unintelligible], and either they all succeed or not succeed.
54:02Like let's say you want to split a polygon into two.
54:04That's actually several operations.
54:06You need to change the geometry of the polygon you are splitting.
54:09You need to create a new feature to fill it up.
54:12Well if these two operations succeed, go ahead.
54:17If any of them fails, just don't do anything.
54:20And that's possible now in 10.1. Is that right?
54:28Other feature enhancements, very quickly.
54:31Some of you might be familiar with the schematics, but maybe you are not familiar with it.
54:35A schematics is an extension that allows you to represent information not geographically but in the form of a schema.
54:43Very useful when you are working with networks, but, this is actually not only useful for networks.
54:49In this case I have a pump station in this water network, and the pump station within is actually a network in itself.
54:58So it's represented as a point here that I could actually open a view of this pump station in schema view.
55:09And the nice thing about schematics is that you can represent these diagrams…
55:14…and change the way these diagrams look by picking between different algorithms.
55:22So here we have geolinear dispatch algorithm, here we have a radial tree algorithm…
55:31…and here we have orthogonal algorithm.
55:37And this is still a map, so I can navigate, I can query, I can highlight features in the schema.
55:44This extension used to be optional in Standard and Advanced.
55:49Now is…or now in 10.1, we are changing the licensing so it's free with a Standard.
55:55That's one of the things we are changing, the licensing.
55:57The other one is that actually when you create these schemas, there will be, if I can navigate to my server here…
56:06…you'll see that there is a new option to enable a schematics capabilities in your map services and it is out of the box.
56:15In the past, people who were doing these type of things were writing a lot of ArcObjects code.
56:21And now is just check a schematics, and you have the capability to create the schemas.
56:27I think this is a not very wide known feature but that actually has many applications in different fields…
56:34…not just for utilities.
56:38Another interesting new functionality is geometric network tracing.
56:44So say that I want to know how many valves I need to close in order to isolate a particular portion of the network.
56:57In other words, there is a leak in the network here, tell me which valves I need to close and how many customers are affected.
57:06This is now possible through geoprocessing.
57:08There are geoprocessing tools to do these type of operations, and they apply to utility but also to river networks…
57:15…so I can ask, if I click on this point in the river network, trace upstream or trace downstream.
57:23So there are many different scenarios where these tools are useful.
57:27And again, it's just geoprocessing. It's no longer ArcObjects needed.
57:35Other feature enhancements, OGC support and WMTS.
57:39In a sense, every time you create a cache map service, it has a WMTS end point ready.
57:44WPS is web processing service for geoprocessing services.
57:49You can cache image services, create an image service, go to the caching tool, Caching tab, cache it.
57:56Do an exist in the past.
57:58The geometry service has additional operations to do geodesic buffers and also handles datum transformations…
58:04…which we couldn't handle today.
58:07And this we didn't talk about this, but in the feature service you can apply changes that affect many layers…
58:14…not just one layer.
58:16Today in 10, you can edit any layer, but all edits need to be grouped on a per-layer, layer-by-layer basis.
58:23Now you can say, change this layer here, this layer there, and send the request as one.
58:35I'll be brief. I want to talk a little bit about the spatial data server.
58:41This is a new technology component that is included with the DVD in ArcGIS Server.
58:47It's not a new product. It's kind of a new setup.
58:50What is this spatial data server for?
58:52It's a very lightweight web service that you can install in Java servers or in Internet information server.
59:01It has two flavors, the flavor for IIS and the flavor for Java servers.
59:07And this web service sits on top of a database and allows you to create feature services.
59:15A feature service is basically a service that allows you to query a database over the Internet.
59:20And it also allows you to edit the database over the Internet.
59:24It only works with single features. Okay. No annotations. No geodatabase relationships. No versions.
59:32But it's very useful because it's very lightweight, very easy to install.
59:37So there are some folks that are interested on using SQL Server 2008 with the spatial types and no more…no SDE.
59:46And I don't want to install a full-blown GIS server because all I need to do is to display a few customers on a SharePoint site.
59:53So in that case, this spatial data server technology is fantastic.
59:58Now you need to be careful because some people think, oh, that's fantastic.
1:00:01The spatial data server I can do mapping very easily.
1:00:05Well, it's very simple mapping because it's really querying the database, bringing the geometries to the client…
1:00:11…and once the geometries are in the client is using graphics to render that.
1:00:15So you have to be careful. You cannot add a lot of graphics to the web browser.
1:00:20But again, if you use it with care, it's pretty, pretty useful.
1:00:29Normally, people who use a spatial data server will use this technology in combination with ArcGIS Online basemaps.
1:00:36I have a street map that comes from ArcGIS Online or the Bing maps, that's my basemap, and I display my incidents…
1:00:44…or I display my customer points, or I display a thematic map on top from my database. Right.
1:00:53This spatial data server technology is included with Basic.
1:00:57So in 10.1, if you have ArcGIS Server Basic edition, you can put information on the web.
1:01:03Today in 10, ArcGIS Server Basic is pretty much about managing databases, it's about SDE.
1:01:10Now you have the spatial data server and actually feature services as well.
1:01:14If you install the GIS server in Basic in 10.1, you can have a map and create a feature service out of it.
1:01:20And at that point, iPhone, iPad, web browsers, and desktops can access these web services.
1:01:31Cloud. This new architecture that we described before is just perfect for deployments in the cloud…
1:01:42…where you are adding and removing many machines to achieve elasticity.
1:01:47This architecture works well in the Amazon cloud.
1:01:50It actually works better than 10, supporting things like asynchronous geoprocessing…
1:01:55…caching enlarged clusters, and so on.
1:01:58I think one of the big enhancements for Amazon in 10.1 is the fact that we have Linux AMIs.
1:02:04The Linux AMIs are significantly cheaper than Windows AMIs, and they start significantly faster.
1:02:12Because you have this model of publishing to the cloud by creating service definitions that include the data…
1:02:19…now it starts to make sense to use, you know, ArcGIS Server in Amazon.
1:02:23I have Desktop in my machine. I launch ArcGIS Server in Amazon. I push this button, creates a layer…
1:02:30…a service definition with data, uploads the service definition to the cloud, and in the cloud, data is laid down…
1:02:36…and the service is created.
1:02:38Whether the server is on Linux or on Windows. I just don't care.
1:02:42Because I interrupt with the server using HTTP.
1:02:46Now at some point, you'll need to get to the server and do some tweaks and do some things, so…
1:02:52…you may want to consider Windows or Linux. But, this is just an idea for you.
1:02:57The other thing is that, now we are going to switch to Anne.
1:03:00There is a new wizard that lets you launch AMIs very quickly.
1:03:05This is ArcGIS Server cloud builder that we're including in 10.1.
1:03:09So at 10.0 now, you can get access to the ArcGIS Server AMIs and use ArcGIS Server in Amazon.
1:03:16But what we've done at 10.1 is provide this utility that combines the key aspects of our create site in manager…
1:03:25…and the Amazon management console's options for spinning up an easy-to instance and put it into this utility.
1:03:32So, you could see here that any site that I've created is listed, and I already have one created called this emergency response site.
1:03:40I have some basic information here, even at this level.
1:03:43This is where I could administer this site.
1:03:45And I can also hit the manager for this site.
1:03:49So this is a manager of a site that's running in the Amazon cloud.
1:03:53Now before I continue on and use that, let me just show you how to create site using this utility.
1:03:59First thing you need to do is specify a name, and I'll just give something unique here, and a description.
1:04:09I can choose if it's Windows or Linux, the ______ [Unintelligible] flavor, I'll leave it at Windows.
1:04:14Now I need to specify the admin, user name, and password for logging in to the ArcGIS Server site.
1:04:21I also need to specify a license file, and I'll pick that up and browse for that.
1:04:26Next what I'm doing is setting some basic properties about this Amazon instance, such as the region and availability of zone…
1:04:33…the size, larger it goes up from there, the minimum and maximum number of instances that are going to get started up…
1:04:41…and the rules that are going to be used to judge what the activity is on this site…
1:04:47…and maybe add more instances or remove some instances based on those rules.
1:04:52This is for an ArcGIS Server site, so you could see that I also have an option to include the enterprise geodatabase…
1:04:58…and set the type of instance for that as well.
1:05:01After that, I get a summary of all my choices.
1:05:04If everything here is confirmed and looks good, I click Create Site…
1:05:08…and that begins the process of creating this ArcGIS Server site in the Amazon cloud.
1:05:13Now that's going to run for awhile, so I'm going to let that go and go back to this site that I already created…
1:05:19…and as Ismael just mentioned, the scenario of taking a service definition where we included the data…
1:05:26…this is a great scenario to use it in the cloud.
1:05:28So I'm going to go back to that Cayman Islands service definition that I authored…
1:05:32…that you saw me publish earlier to just an on-premises server, and in this case…
1:05:37…I'm going to publish it to this site that's running in the Amazon cloud.
1:05:42I'm going to walk through the same wizard that you saw before, giving the basic properties and confirming the capabilities.
1:05:48But the difference this time is that the data's getting packaged up and the service definition is getting put together…
1:05:55…and it's getting pushed up to the Amazon cloud. Right.
1:05:59So this is a great time to use that copy data to the server when you're publishing option.
1:06:03There's lots of ways to get data to the Amazon cloud, but here's a case where, hey…
1:06:08…I should definitely use that convenience and let this publishing process push it up there for me.
1:06:14So now it's created and started, same thing, go into the properties.
1:06:19You could see the URLs reflecting the fact that we're running in the Amazon cloud, and I can go ahead and draw that up.
1:06:26Same service that you saw earlier because it's the same service definition, just running on the Amazon cloud.
1:06:33And that's…that's in Virginia?
1:06:35I used the Virginia region, yes.
1:06:39Okay, and then Azure…we are closely working with Microsoft to offer you the ability to run ArcGIS Server in the Azure cloud.
1:06:49And that will be ready by the time we go final with 10.1.
1:06:53For private clouds, again, this architecture is great for deployments in private clouds.
1:06:58We will maintain this certification on VMwarevSphere 4…
1:07:03…and there are actually some partners downstairs who have very specific private cloud solutions where you can run ArcGIS Server.
1:07:13And that's pretty much…pretty much it.
Road Ahead - ArcGIS 10.1 for Server
Ismael Chivite, Anne Reuland, and Mohammed Hoque cover the upcoming enhancements and capabilities for ArcGIS 10.1 for Server.
- Recorded: Jul 14th, 2011
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The NCAA tournament is looming and your co-workers or friends want you to enter their bracket pool. However, you haven't watched a single NCAA men's basketball game all season and you can't tell the difference between a Blue Devil and a Sun Devil.
No worries -- you don't need to be a basketball genius to enter a bracket in a pool.
After all, there are more than 9 quintillion ways to fill out a bracket (9,223,372,036,854,775,808 possibilities, to be exact) and that's not including the "First Four" play-in games, in which case that number climbs to more than 147 quintillion.
In other words, if you nail a perfect bracket, you may want to start playing the lottery as well.
Whether you're in it to win it or just playing for fun, we've got some tips to ensure your bracket is a solid contender this -- or any other -- year.
No. 5: Stick with highest seeds
It might not be the most entertaining -- nor the riskiest -- way to fill out an NCAA bracket, but simply picking the top seeds to win each game gets the job done and will at least save you from embarrassing yourself.
Top seeds not only don't lose in the first round, they also tend to stick around longer. Historically speaking, No. 1 seeds have an 86 percent chance of winning at least two games before heading home.
Remember that, and the fact that last year the four No. 16 seeds were blown out by an average of more than 28 points, before you get cute and pick that first-round upset.

subset: commoncrawl


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