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Harvard University
Harvard University | |
Seal of Harvard University |
Latin: Universitas Harvardiana | |
Motto | Veritas[1] |
Motto in English | Truth |
Established | 1636[2] |
Type | Private |
Endowment | US$30.4 billion (2012)[3][4] |
President | Drew Gilpin Faust |
Academic staff | 2,107[5] |
Admin. staff | 2,497 non-medical 10,674 medical |
Students | 21,225 |
Undergraduates | 7,181 total 6,655 College 526 Extension |
Postgraduates | 14,044 |
Location | Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. |
Campus | Urban 209 acres (85 ha) (Main campus) 21 acres (8.5 ha) (Medical campus) 358 acres (145 ha) (Allston campus) 4,495 acres (1,819 ha) (other holdings)[6] |
Newspaper | The Harvard Crimson |
Colors | Crimson |
Athletics | 41 Varsity Teams Ivy League NCAA Division I |
Nickname | Harvard Crimson |
Website | Harvard.edu |
Harvard University is an American private Ivy League research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States[7] and the first corporation (officially The President and Fellows of Harvard College) chartered in the country. Harvard's history, influence, and wealth have made it one of the most prestigious universities in the world.[8][9][10][11]
Harvard was named after its first benefactor, John Harvard. Although never formally affiliated with a church, the college primarily trained Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Harvard's curriculum and students became secular throughout the 18th century and by the 19th century had emerged as the central cultural establishment among Boston elites.[12][13] Following the American Civil War, President Charles W. Eliot's forty-year tenure (1869–1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a centralized research university, and Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.[14] James Bryant Conant led the university through the Great Depression and World War II and began to reform the curriculum and liberalize admissions after the war. The undergraduate college became coeducational after its 1977 merger with Radcliffe College. Drew Gilpin Faust was elected the 28th president in 2007 and is the first woman to lead the university. Harvard has the largest financial endowment of any academic institution in the world, standing at $32 billion as of September 2011.[4]
The university comprises eleven separate academic units—ten faculties and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study—with campuses throughout the Boston metropolitan area.[15] Harvard's 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge, approximately 3.4 miles (5.5 km) northwest of downtown Boston. The business school and athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located across the Charles River in the Allston neighborhood of Boston and the medical, dental, and public health schools are located in the Longwood Medical Area.[6]
Eight U.S. presidents have been graduates, and 75 Nobel Laureates have been student, faculty, or staff affiliates. Harvard is also the alma mater of sixty-two living billionaires, the most in the country.[16] The Harvard University Library is the largest academic library in the United States, and one of the largest in the world.[17]
The Harvard Crimson competes in 41 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Ivy League. Harvard has an intense athletic rivalry with Yale University culminating in The Game, although the Harvard–Yale Regatta predates the football game. This rivalry, though, is put aside every two years when the Harvard and Yale Track and Field teams come together to compete against a combined Oxford University and Cambridge University team, a competition that is the oldest continuous international amateur competition in the world.[18]
Contents |
Harvard was founded in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, making it the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Initially called "New College" or "the college at New Towne", the institution was renamed Harvard College on March 13, 1639. It was named after John Harvard, a young English clergyman from Southwark, London, an alumnus of the University of Cambridge (after which Cambridge, Massachusetts is named), who bequeathed the College his library of four hundred books and £779 pounds sterling, which was half of his estate.[19] The charter creating the corporation of Harvard College came in 1650. In the early years, the College trained many Puritan ministers.[20] The college offered a classic academic course based on the English university model—many leaders in the colony had attended the University of Cambridge—but one consistent with the prevailing Puritan philosophy. The college was never affiliated with any particular denomination, but many of its earliest graduates went on to become clergymen in Congregational and Unitarian churches throughout New England.[21] An early brochure, published in 1643, described the founding of the college as a response to the desire "to advance learning and perpetuate it to posterity, dreading to leave an illiterate ministry to the churches".[22]
The leading Boston divine Increase Mather served as president from 1685 to 1701. In 1708, John Leverett became the first president who was not also a clergyman, which marked a turning of the college toward intellectual independence from Puritanism.
19th century
Religion and philosophy
The takeover of Harvard by the Unitarians in 1805 resulted in the secularization of the American college. By 1850 Harvard was the "Unitarian Vatican". The "liberals" (Unitarians) allied themselves with high Federalists and began to create a set of private societies and institutions meant to shore up their cultural and political authority, a movement that prefigured the emergence of the Boston Brahmin class. On the other hand, the theological conservatives used print media to argue for the maintenance of open debate and democratic governance through a diverse public sphere, seeing the liberals' movement as an attempt to create a cultural oligarchy in opposition to Congregationalist tradition and republican political principles.[23]
In 1846, the natural history lectures of Louis Agassiz were acclaimed both in New York and on the campus at Harvard College. Agassiz's approach was distinctly idealist and posited Americans' "participation in the Divine Nature" and the possibility of understanding "intellectual existences".' Agassiz's perspective on science combined observation with intuition and the assumption that a person can grasp the "divine plan" in all phenomena. When it came to explaining life-forms, Agassiz resorted to matters of shape based on a presumed archetype for his evidence. This dual view of knowledge was in concert with the teachings of Common Sense Realism derived from Scottish philosophers Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart, whose works were part of the Harvard curriculum at the time. The popularity of Agassiz's efforts to "soar with Plato" probably also derived from other writings to which Harvard students were exposed, including Platonic treatises by Ralph Cudworth, John Norrisand, in a Romantic vein, Samuel Coleridge. The library records at Harvard reveal that the writings of Plato and his early modern and Romantic followers were almost as regularly read during the 19th century as those of the "official philosophy" of the more empirical and more deistic Scottish school.[24]
Charles W. Eliot, president 1869–1909, eliminated the favored position of Christianity from the curriculum while opening it to student self-direction. While Eliot was the most crucial figure in the secularization of American higher education, he was motivated not by a desire to secularize education, but by Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions. Derived from William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson, these convictions were focused on the dignity and worth of human nature, the right and ability of each person to perceive truth, and the indwelling God in each person.[25]
20th century
During the 20th century, Harvard's international reputation grew as a burgeoning endowment and prominent professors expanded the university's scope. Explosive growth in the student population continued with the addition of new graduate schools and the expansion of the undergraduate program. Radcliffe College, established in 1879 as sister school of Harvard College, became one of the most prominent schools for women in the United States. Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.[14]
James Bryant Conant (president, 1933–1953) reinvigorated creative scholarship to guarantee its preeminence among research institutions. He saw higher education as a vehicle of opportunity for the talented rather than an entitlement for the wealthy, so Conant devised programs to identify, recruit, and support talented youth. In 1943, he asked the faculty make a definitive statement about what general education ought to be, at the secondary as well as the college level. The resulting Report, published in 1945, was one of the most influential manifestos in the history of American education in the 20th century.[27]
In 1945–1960 admissions policies were opened up to bring in students from a more diverse applicant pool. No longer drawing mostly from rich alumni of select New England prep schools, the undergraduate college was now open to striving middle class students from public schools; many more Jews and Catholics were admitted, but few blacks, Hispanics or Asians.[28]
Women remained segregated at Radcliffe, though more and more took Harvard classes. Nonetheless, Harvard's undergraduate population remained predominantly male, with about four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe. Following the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe admissions in 1977, the proportion of female undergraduates steadily increased, mirroring a trend throughout higher education in the United States. Harvard's graduate schools, which had accepted females and other groups in greater numbers even before the college, also became more diverse in the post-World War II period.
In 1999, Radcliffe College, founded in 1879 as the "Harvard Annex for Women",[29] merged formally with Harvard University, becoming the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
Drew Gilpin Faust, the Dean at Radcliffe, became the first woman president of Harvard in 2007.
Harvard and its affiliates, like many American universities,[30][31] are considered by some to be politically liberal (left of center).[32] Conservative author William F. Buckley, Jr. quipped that he would rather be governed by the first 2000 names in the Boston phone book than by the Harvard faculty,[33] President Richard Nixon famously referred to Harvard as the "Kremlin on the Charles" around 1970,[34] and Vice President George H.W. Bush disparaged what he saw to be Harvard's liberalism during the 1988 presidential election.[35] Such is its reputation as a bastion of liberalism and privilege, alumni who run for public office sometimes downplay their affiliation with the university.[36]
Recent history
President Lawrence Summers resigned his presidency in 2006. His resignation came one week before a second planned vote of no confidence by the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Former president Derek Bok served as interim president. Members of Harvard's Faculty of Arts and Sciences, which instructs graduate students in GSAS and undergraduates in Harvard College, had passed an earlier motion of "lack of confidence" in Summers' leadership on March 15, 2005 by a 218–185 vote, with 18 abstentions. The 2005 motion was precipitated by comments about the causes of gender demographics in academia made at a closed academic conference and leaked to the press.[37] In response, Summers convened two committees to study this issue: the Task Force on Women Faculty and the Task Force on Women in Science and Engineering. Summers had also pledged $50 million to support their recommendations and other proposed reforms. Drew Gilpin Faust is the 28th president of Harvard. An American historian, former dean of the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, and Lincoln Professor of History at Harvard University, Faust is the first female president in the university's history.[38][39]
Harvard's 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge, approximately 3.4 miles (5.5 km) northwest of downtown Boston and extends into the surrounding Harvard Square neighborhood. Harvard Yard itself contains the central administrative offices and main libraries of the university, academic buildings including Sever Hall and University Hall, Memorial Church, and the majority of the freshman dormitories. Sophomore, junior, and senior undergraduates live in twelve residential Houses, nine of which are south of Harvard Yard along or near the Charles River. The other three are located in a residential neighborhood half a mile northwest of the Yard at the Quadrangle (commonly referred to as the Quad), which formerly housed Radcliffe College students until Radcliffe merged its residential system with Harvard. The Harvard MBTA station provides public transportation via bus service and the Red Line subway.
The Harvard Business School and many of the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located on a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston. The John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge over the Charles River connecting both campuses. The Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and the Harvard School of Public Health are located on a 21-acre (8.5 ha) campus in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston and 3.3 miles (5.3 km) south of the Cambridge campus.[6] A private shuttle bus connects the Longwood campus to the Cambridge campus via Massachusetts Avenue making stops in the Back Bay and at MIT as well.[40]
Each residential house contains rooms for undergraduates, House masters, and resident tutors, as well as a dining hall and library. The facilities were made possible by a gift from Yale University alumnus Edward Harkness.[41]
Radcliffe Yard, formerly the center of the campus of Radcliffe College (and now home of the Radcliffe Institute), is adjacent to the Graduate School of Education and the Cambridge Common.
From 2009–2011, Harvard University reported on-campus crime statistics that included 69 forcible sex offenses, 12 robberies, 15 aggravated assaults, 80 burglaries, and 10 cases of motor vehicle theft.[42]
Satellite facilities
Apart from its major Cambridge/Allston and Longwood campuses, Harvard owns and operates Arnold Arboretum, in the Jamaica Plain area of Boston; the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, in Washington, D.C.; the Harvard Forest in Petersham, Massachusetts; and the Villa I Tatti research center[43] in Florence. Harvard also operates the Harvard Shanghai Center in China.
Major campus expansion
Harvard has purchased tracts of land in Allston, a walk across the Charles River from Cambridge, with the intent of major expansion southward.[44] The university now owns approximately fifty percent more land in Allston than in Cambridge. Proposals to connect the Cambridge campus with the new Allston campus include new and enlarged bridges, a shuttle service and/or a tram. Plans also call for sinking part of Storrow Drive (at Harvard's expense) for replacement with park land and pedestrian access to the Charles River, as well as the construction of bike paths, and buildings throughout the Allston campus. The institution asserts that such expansion will benefit not only the school, but surrounding community, pointing to such features as the enhanced transit infrastructure, possible shuttles open to the public, and park space which will also be publicly accessible.
One of the foremost driving forces for Harvard's pending expansion is its goal of increasing the scope and strength of its science and technology programs. The university plans to construct two 500,000 square foot (50,000 m²) research complexes in Allston, which would be home to several interdisciplinary programs, including the Harvard Stem Cell Institute and an enlarged Engineering department.
In addition, Harvard intends to relocate the Harvard Graduate School of Education and the Harvard School of Public Health to Allston. The university also plans to construct several new undergraduate and graduate student housing centers in Allston, and it is considering large-scale museums and performing arts complexes as well. Unfortunately the large drop in endowment has halted these plans for now.
In 2000, Harvard hired a full-time campus sustainability professional and launched the Harvard Green Campus Initiative,[45] since institutionalized as the Office for Sustainability (OFS).[46]
With a full-time staff of 25, dozens of student interns, and a $12 million Loan Fund for energy and water conservation projects, OFS is one of the most advanced campus sustainability programs in the country.[47] Harvard was one of 27 schools to receive a grade of "A-" from the Sustainable Endowments Institute on its College Sustainability Report Card 2010, the highest grade awarded.[48]
Organization and administration
College/school founding | |
College/school |
Harvard College |
Arts and Sciences |
Business |
Dental Medicine |
Design |
Divinity |
Education |
Engineering and Applied Sciences |
Extension |
Law |
Government |
Medicine |
Public Health |
The Faculty of Arts and Sciences has primary responsibility for instruction in Harvard College, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and the Harvard Division of Continuing Education, which includes Harvard Summer School and Harvard Extension School. There is also the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
Harvard is governed by a combination[clarification needed] of its Board of Overseers and the President and Fellows of Harvard College (also known as the Harvard Corporation), which in turn appoints the President of Harvard University. There are 16,000 staff and faculty.[49]
A faculty of approximately 2,410 professors, lecturers, and instructors serve as of school year 2009–10,[50] with 7,180 undergraduate and 13,830 graduate students.[51] The school color is crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson. The color was unofficially adopted (in preference to magenta) by an 1875 vote of the student body, although the association with some form of red can be traced back to 1858, when Charles William Eliot, a young graduate student who would later become Harvard's 21st and longest-serving president (1869–1909), bought red bandanas for his crew so they could more easily be distinguished by spectators at a regatta.
Joint programs with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology include the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, the Broad Institute, The Observatory of Economic Complexity, and edX.
Harvard has the largest university endowment in the world. As of September 2011, it had nearly regained the loss suffered during the 2008 recession. It was worth $32 billion in 2011, up from $27.6 billion in September 2010[52] and $25.7 billion 2009. It suffered about 30% loss in 2008-2009.[4][53] In December 2008, Harvard announced that its endowment had lost 22% (approximately $8 billion) from July to October 2008, necessitating budget cuts.[54] Later reports[55] suggest the loss was actually more than double that figure, a reduction of nearly 50% of its endowment in the first four months alone. Forbes in March 2009 estimated the loss to be in the range of $12 billion.[56] One of the most visible results of Harvard's attempt to re-balance its budget was their halting[55] of construction of the $1.2 billion Allston Science Complex that had been scheduled to be completed by 2011, resulting in protests from local residents.[57] As of 2012, Harvard University had a total financial aid reserve of $158.725 million for students, and a Pell Grant reserve of $4.093 million available for disbursement.[58]
Harvard is a large, highly residential research university.[60] The university has been accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges since 1929.[61] The university offers 46 undergraduate concentrations (majors),[62] 134 graduate degrees,[63] and 32 professional degrees.[64] For the 2008–2009 academic year, Harvard granted 1,664 baccalaureate degrees, 400 masters degrees, 512 doctoral degrees, and 4,460 professional degrees.[64]
The four year, full-time undergraduate program comprises a minority of enrollments at the university and emphasizes instruction with an "arts and sciences focus".[60] Between 1978 and 2008, entering students were required to complete a core curriculum of seven classes outside of their concentration.[65] Since 2008, undergraduate students have been required to complete courses in eight General Education categories: Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding, Culture and Belief, Empirical and Mathematical Reasoning, Ethical Reasoning, Science of Living Systems, Science of the Physical Universe, Societies of the World, and United States in the World.[66] Harvard offers a comprehensive doctoral graduate program and there is a high level of coexistence between graduate and undergraduate degrees.[60] The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, The New York Times, and some students have criticized Harvard for its reliance on teaching fellows for some aspects of undergraduate education; they consider this to adversely affect the quality of education.[67][68]
Harvard's academic programs operate on a semester calendar beginning in early September and ending in mid-May.[69] Undergraduates typically take four half-courses per term and must maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full-time.[70] In many concentrations, students can elect to pursue a basic program or an honors-eligible program requiring a senior thesis and/or advanced course work.[71] Students graduating in the top 4–5% of the class are awarded degrees summa cum laude, students in the next 15% of the class are awarded magna cum laude, and the next 30% of the class are awarded cum laude.[72] Harvard has chapters of academic honor societies such as Phi Beta Kappa and various committees and departments also award several hundred named prizes annually.[73] Harvard, along with other universities, has been accused of grade inflation,[74] although there is evidence that the quality of the student body and its motivation have also increased.[75] Harvard College reduced the number of students who receive Latin honors from 90% in 2004 to 60% in 2005. Moreover, the honors of "John Harvard Scholar" and "Harvard College Scholar" will now be given only to the top 5 percent and the next 5 percent of each class.[76][77][78][79]
Undergraduate tuition for the 2009–2010 school year was $33,696 and the total cost with fees, room, and board was $48,868.[80] Under financial aid guidelines adopted in 2007, parents in families with incomes of less than $60,000 will no longer be expected to contribute any money to the cost of attending Harvard for their children, including room and board. Families with incomes in the $60,000 to $80,000 range contribute an amount of only a few thousand dollars a year. In December 2007, Harvard announced that families earning between $120,000 and $180,000 will only have to pay up to 10% of their annual household income towards tuition.[81] In 2009, Harvard offered grants totaling $414.1 million across all 11 divisions; $339.5 million came from institutional funds, $35.3 million from federal support, and $39.2 million from other outside support. Grants total 87.7% of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students, with aid also provided by loans (8.4%) and work-study (3.9%).[80]
University rankings
University rankings | |
National | |
Forbes[83] | 6 |
U.S. News & World Report[84] | 1 |
Washington Monthly[85] | 11 |
Global | |
Times[88] | 4 |
Internationally, Harvard ranks third in both the QS World University Rankings and the annual World's Best Universities by U.S. News & World Report in 2012.[89][90][91] The Times Higher Education World University Rankings of the same academic year considered it to be 4th of the list.[92] But in its World Reputation Rankings, which is based on a survey of academics around the world and is a spin-off of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, Harvard is still ranked first.[93] When the QS World University Rankings and Times Higher Education World University Rankings were published in partnership as the Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings, Harvard was continuously regarded as the best tertiary institute between 2004 and 2009.[91][94] The institute has also topped the table of the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), a position held since the first ARWU rankings were released in 2003.[95]
Harvard's undergraduate program is ranked first among national universities by U.S. News & World Report[96] and sixth by Forbes.[97] The university is ranked 11th nationally by The Washington Monthly.[98]
In the 2009 QS Global 200 Business Schools Report, Harvard was ranked first in North America.[99]
In 2012, Harvard ranked first in a University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP).[100]
- Berkman Center for Internet & Society
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
- Harvard HKS/CID-MIT Media Lab Observatory of Economic Complexity
- Harvard Clinical Research Institute
- Harvard Institute of Economic Research
- Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute
- Institute for Quantitative Social Science[101]
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine (at the Harvard Medical School-affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital)
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Studies (one of Harvard's 14 schools)
- Real Colegio Complutense at Harvard University, a post-doctoral research institute founded by Harvard University and Complutense University in 1990, jointly chaired by the presidents of both universities.
- Schepens Eye Research Institute
- W. E. B. Du Bois Institute for African and African-American Research
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
- Research centers attached to schools and departments
- Department of Psychology: Prosopagnosia Research Centers at Harvard University and University College London[102]
- Graduate School of Design:[103] Center for Alternative Futures, Joint Center for Housing Studies, Center for Technology & the Environment
- Harvard Law School:[104] Charles Hamilton Houston Institute for Race and Justice, Institute for Global Law & Policy (former European Law Research Center), John M. Olin Center of Law, Economics and Business
- Independent organizations affiliated to the university
Libraries and museums
The Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises over 80 individual libraries holding some 15 million volumes.[105] According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States, and one of the largest in the world.[17]
Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use, with easy access and central locations. There are rare books, manuscripts and other special collections throughout Harvard's libraries;[106] Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. The largest collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.
Harvard operates several arts, cultural, and scientific museums:
- The Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, designed by Le Corbusier, is home to the University's film archive and the department of Visual and Environmental Studies.
- The Harvard Art Museums, including:
- The Arthur M. Sackler Museum, which includes ancient, Asian, Islamic and later Indian art
- The Busch-Reisinger Museum, formerly the Germanic Museum, covers central and northern European art.
- The Fogg Museum of Art, with galleries featuring history of Western art from the Middle Ages to the present. Particular strengths are in Italian early Renaissance, British pre-Raphaelite, and 19th century French art
- The Harvard Museum of Natural History complex, including:
- The Harvard Mineralogical Museum
- The Harvard University Herbaria, which contains the famous Blaschka Glass Flowers exhibit
- The Museum of Comparative Zoology
- The Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, specializing in the cultural history and civilizations of the Western Hemisphere
- The Semitic Museum
Tradition and culture
Harvard's athletic rivalry with Yale is intense in every sport in which they meet, coming to a climax each fall in the annual football meeting, which dates back to 1875 and is usually called simply "The Game". While Harvard's football team is no longer one of the country's best as it often was a century ago during football's early days (it won the Rose Bowl in 1920), both it and Yale have influenced the way the game is played. In 1903, Harvard Stadium introduced a new era into football with the first-ever permanent reinforced concrete stadium of its kind in the country. The stadium's structure actually played a role in the evolution of the college game. Seeking to reduce the alarming number of deaths and serious injuries in the sport, the Father of Football, Walter Camp (former captain of the Yale football team), suggested widening the field to open up the game. But the stadium was too narrow to accommodate a wider playing surface. So, other steps had to be taken. Camp would instead support revolutionary new rules for the 1906 season. These included legalizing the forward pass, perhaps the most significant rule change in the sport's history.[107][108]
Harvard has several athletic facilities, such as the Lavietes Pavilion, a multi-purpose arena and home to the Harvard basketball teams. The Malkin Athletic Center, known as the "MAC", serves both as the university's primary recreation facility and as a satellite location for several varsity sports. The five story building includes two cardio rooms, an Olympic-size swimming pool, a smaller pool for aquaerobics and other activities, a mezzanine, where all types of classes are held, an indoor cycling studio, three weight rooms, and a three-court gym floor to play basketball. The MAC offers personal trainers and specialty classes. The MAC is home to Harvard volleyball, fencing, and wrestling. The offices of several of the school's varsity coaches are also in the MAC.
Weld Boathouse and Newell Boathouse house the women's and men's rowing teams, respectively. The men's crew also uses the Red Top complex in Ledyard, Connecticut, as their training camp for the annual Harvard-Yale Regatta. The Bright Hockey Center hosts the Harvard hockey teams, and the Murr Center serves both as a home for Harvard's squash and tennis teams as well as a strength and conditioning center for all athletic sports.
As of 2006, there were 41 Division I intercollegiate varsity sports teams for women and men at Harvard, more than at any other NCAA Division I college in the country. As with other Ivy League universities, Harvard does not offer athletic scholarships.[109]
Older than The Game by 23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta was the original source of the athletic rivalry between the two schools. It is held annually in June on the Thames River in eastern Connecticut. The Harvard crew is typically considered to be one of the top teams in the country in rowing. Today, Harvard fields top teams in several other sports, such as the Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey team (with a strong rivalry against Cornell), squash, and even recently won NCAA titles in Men's and Women's Fencing. Harvard also won the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships in 2003.
Harvard's men's ice hockey team won the school's first NCAA Championship in any team sport in 1989. Harvard was also the first Ivy League institution to win a NCAA championship title in a women's sport when its women's lacrosse team won the NCAA Championship in 1990.
Harvard Undergraduate Television has footage from historical games and athletic events including the 2005 pep-rally before the Harvard-Yale Game.
Harvard has several fight songs, the most played of which, especially at football, are "Ten Thousand Men of Harvard" and "Harvardiana." While "Fair Harvard" is actually the alma mater, "Ten Thousand Men" is better known outside the university. The Harvard University Band performs these fight songs, and other cheers, at football and hockey games. These were parodied by Harvard alumnus Tom Lehrer in his song "Fight Fiercely, Harvard," which he composed while an undergraduate.
This section does not cite any references or sources. (March 2013) |
Undergraduate | Graduate | Professional | U.S. Census | |
Black/Non-hispanic | 7% | 5% | 6% | 12.2% |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 16% | 9% | 18% | 4.8% |
White/non-hispanic | 43% | 42% | 42% | 63.7% |
Hispanics of any race | 8% | 5% | 6% | 16.4% |
Native American | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% |
International students | 10% | 27% | 14% | N/A |
In the last six years, Harvard's student population ranged between 19,000 and 21,000, across all programs. Harvard enrolled 6,655 students in undergraduate programs, 3,738 students in graduate programs, and 10,722 students in professional programs.[110] The undergraduate population is 51% female, the graduate population is 48% female, and the professional population is 49% female.[110]
Undergraduate admission to Harvard is characterized by the Carnegie Foundation as "more selective, lower transfer-in".[60] Harvard College received 27,462 applications for admission to the Class of 2013, 2,175 were admitted (7.9%), and 1,658 enrolled (76.2%).[112] 95% of first year students graduated in the top tenth of their high school class.[112] Harvard also enrolled 266 National Merit Scholars, the most in the nation.[113] 88% of students graduate within 4 years and 98% graduate within 6 years.[114]
Harvard College accepted 5.8% of applicants for the class of 2017, a record low for the school's entire history.[115] The number of acceptances has gone down since the university announced a large increase in financial aid in 2008.[citation needed] Harvard College ended its early admissions program in 2007 as the program was believed to disadvantage low-income and under-represented minority applicants applying to selective universities.[116] For the Class of 2016 an Early Action program was reintroduced. The undergraduate admissions office's preference for children of alumni policies have been the subject of scrutiny and debate as it primarily aids whites and the wealthy and seems to conflict with the concept of meritocratic admissions.[117][118]
Faculty and staff
This section requires expansion. (August 2010) |
Harvard's faculty includes scholars such as biologist E. O. Wilson, cognitive scientist Steven Pinker, physicists Lisa Randall and Roy Glauber, chemists Elias Corey, Dudley R. Herschbach and George M. Whitesides, computer scientists Michael O. Rabin and Leslie Valiant, Shakespeare scholar Stephen Greenblatt, writer Louis Menand, critic Helen Vendler, historians Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Niall Ferguson, economists Amartya Sen, N. Gregory Mankiw, Robert Barro, Stephen A. Marglin, Don M. Wilson III and Martin Feldstein, political philosophers Harvey Mansfield, Baroness Shirley Williams and Michael Sandel, political scientists Robert Putnam, Joseph Nye, and Stanley Hoffmann, scholar/composers Robert Levin and Bernard Rands, astrophysicist Alyssa A. Goodman, and legal scholar Alan Dershowitz.
Past faculty members include Michael Walzer, Stephan Thernstrom and Robert Nozick.
Notable alumni
Politics: American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Royals Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark, Crown Princess Masako of Japan and Sheikh Dr. Muhammad Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah of Kuwait; Prime Minister of Greece Antonis Samaras; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston, Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau, and Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calderón,[119] Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, her siblings Member of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Chilean President Sebastián Piñera; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President José María Figueres; Businessman and Financier Scott Mead; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Israeli Supreme Court President Aharon Barak; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon;
Business: the religious leader, businessman & philanthropist Aga Khan IV; businessman & philanthropist Bill Gates; philanthropist Huntington Hartford; Facebook creator Mark Zuckerberg; businessman Gabe Newell
Other fields: philosopher Henry David Thoreau; authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and William S. Burroughs; educator Harlan Hanson; poets Wallace Stevens, T. S. Eliot and E. E. Cummings; conductor Leonard Bernstein; cellist Yo Yo Ma; comedian and television show host and writer Conan O'Brien; actors Fred Gwynne, Jack Lemmon, Natalie Portman, Mira Sorvino, Ashley Judd, Tatyana Ali, Elisabeth Shue, Rashida Jones, Scottie Thompson, Hill Harper, Matt Damon and Tommy Lee Jones; film directors Darren Aronofsky, Mira Nair, Whit Stillman, and Terrence Malick; television executive Brian Graden; architect Philip Johnson; musicians Rivers Cuomo, Tom Morello, and Gram Parsons; musician, producer and composer Ryan Leslie; ; unabomber Ted Kaczynski; programmer and activist Richard Stallman; NFL quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick; NFL center Matt Birk; NBA player Jeremy Lin; civil rights leader W. E. B. Du Bois; physician Sachin H. Jain; Tibetologist George de Roerich; physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer; writer Victor W. Hwang.
Literature and popular culture
This article contains embedded lists that may be poorly defined, unverified or indiscriminate. (March 2013) |
This section relies on references to primary sources. (March 2013) |
The perception of Harvard as a center of either elite achievement, or elitist privilege, has made it a frequent literary backdrop.
In literature
- The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich is a narrative account of Facebook's founding set partially at Harvard
- Hacking Harvard is novel by Robin Wasserman, a Harvard University alumna.
- In The Handmaid's Tale, Margaret Atwood's post-apocalyptic novel, much of the action takes place in Cambridge, with vaguely recognizable Harvard landmarks occasionally making their way into the narrator's place descriptions.
- Erich Segal's Love Story (1970), which concerns a romance between a wealthy hockey player (Ryan O'Neal) and a brilliant Radcliffe student of modest means (Ali MacGraw),[120] is screened annually for incoming freshmen.[citation needed] Segal's The Class (1985) and Doctors (1988) are also set at Harvard.
- The Paper Chase by John Jay Osborn, Jr., a 1970 novel adapted for a film and a television series based at Harvard Law School.
- The Second Happiest Day (1953) by "John Phillips" (John P. Marquand, Jr.) depicts the Harvard of the World War II generation.
- The Sound and the Fury, by William Faulkner, features Quentin Compson's experiences at Harvard.
- The Women's Room, by Marilyn French, largely features protagonist Mira's experiences at Harvard
- Pamela Thomas-Graham's series of mystery novels (Blue Blood, Orange Crushed, and A Darker Shade Of Crimson), protagonist Nikki Chase is an African-American Harvard economics professor.
- Cecilia Tan's romance novel series, commonly known as the "Magic University series" and including the books The Siren and the Sword and The Tower and the Tears, is set at the magical university hidden inside Harvard known as "Veritas".
Because Harvard generally forbids filming on its property, most scenes set at Harvard (especially indoor shots, but excepting aerial footage and shots of public areas such as Harvard Square) are in fact shot elsewhere.[121]
- The Paper Chase (1973 film) and The Paper Chase (1978–79, 1983–86 TV series)
- Soul Man (1986)
- With Honors (1994)
- Good Will Hunting (1997)
- Harvard Man (2001)
- How High (2001)
- Legally Blonde (2001)
- Stealing Harvard (2002)
- The Great Debaters (2007)
- The Social Network (2010)
- Suits (TV Series)
See also
- Academic regalia of Harvard University
- Harvard University Police Department
- Outline of Harvard University
- Secret Court of 1920
- ^ Harvard's Veritas appears on the university's arms; heraldically speaking, however, a 'motto' is a word or phrase displayed on a scroll in conjunction with a shield of arms. Since 1692 University seals have borne Christo et Ecclesiae (for Christ and the Church) in this manner, arguably making that phrase the university's motto in a heraldic sense. This legend is otherwise not in general use today.
- ^ An appropriation of £400 toward a "school or college" was voted on October 28, 1636 (OS), at a meeting which convened on September 8 and was adjourned to October 28. Some sources consider October 28, 1636 (OS) (November 7, 1636 NS) to be the date of founding. Harvard's 1936 tercentenary celebration treated September 18 as the founding date, though 1836 bicentennial was celebrated on September 8, 1836. Sources: meeting dates, Quincy, Josiah (1860). History of Harvard University. 117 Washington Street, Boston: Crosby, Nichols, Lee and Co., p. 586, "At a Court holden September 8th, 1636 and continued by adjournment to the 28th of the 8th month (October, 1636)... the Court agreed to give £400 towards a School or College, whereof £200 to be paid next year...." Tercentenary dates: "Cambridge Birthday". Time. 1936-09-28. Retrieved 2006-09-08.: "Harvard claims birth on the day the Massachusetts Great and General Court convened to authorize its founding. This was Sept. 8, 1637 under the Julian calendar. Allowing for the ten-day advance of the Gregorian calendar, Tercentenary officials arrived at Sept. 18 as the date for the third and last big Day of the celebration;" "on Oct. 28, 1636 ... £400 for that 'school or college' [was voted by] the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony." Bicentennial date: Marvin Hightower (2003-09-02). "Harvard Gazette: This Month in Harvard History". Harvard University. Retrieved 2006-09-15., "Sept. 8, 1836 - Some 1,100 to 1,300 alumni flock to Harvard's Bicentennial, at which a professional choir premieres "Fair Harvard." ... guest speaker Josiah Quincy Jr., Class of 1821, makes a motion, unanimously adopted, 'that this assembly of the Alumni be adjourned to meet at this place on the 8th of September, 1936.'" Tercentary opening of Quincy's sealed package: The New York Times, September 9, 1936, p. 24, "Package Sealed in 1836 Opened at Harvard. It Held Letters Written at Bicentenary": "September 8th, 1936: As the first formal function in the celebration of Harvard's tercentenary, the Harvard Alumni Association witnessed the opening by President Conant of the 'mysterious' package sealed by President Josiah Quincy at the Harvard bicentennial in 1836."
- ^ http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2012NCSEPublicTablesEndowmentMarketValuesRevisedFebruary42013.pdf
- ^ a b c "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2011 Endowment Market Value". National Association of College and University Business Officers and Commonfund Institute. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
- ^ Office of Institutional Research. (2009). "Faculty". Harvard University Fact Book. ("Unduplicated, Paid Instructional Faculty Count: 2,107. Unduplicated instructional faculty count is the most appropriate count for general reporting purposes.")
- ^ a b c "Faculties and Allied Institutions". Office of the Provost, Harvard University. 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
- ^ Rudolph, Frederick (1961). The American College and University. University of Georgia Press. p. 3. ISBN 0-8203-1285-1.
- ^ Keller, Morton; Keller, Phyllis (2001). Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University. Oxford University Press. pp. 463–481. ISBN 0-19-514457-0. "Harvard's professional schools... won world prestige of a sort rarely seen among social institutions. (...) Harvard's age, wealth, quality, and prestige may well shield it from any conceivable vicissitudes."
- ^ Spaulding, Christina (1989). "Sexual Shakedown". In Trumpbour, John. How Harvard Rules: Reason in the Service of Empire. South End Press. pp. 326–336. ISBN 0-89608-284-9. "... [Harvard's] tremendous institutional power and prestige (...) Within the nation's (arguably) most prestigious institution of higher learning ..."
- ^ David Altaner (March 9, 2011). "Harvard, MIT Ranked Most Prestigious Universities, Study Reports". Bloomberg. Retrieved March 1, 2012.
- ^ Collier's Encyclopedia. Macmillan Educational Co. 1986. "Harvard University, one of the world's most prestigious institutions of higher learning, was founded in Massachusetts in 1636."
- ^ Story, Ronald (1975). "Harvard and the Boston Brahmins: A Study in Institutional and Class Development, 1800–1865". Journal of Social History 8 (3): 94–121. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.3.94.
- ^ Farrell, Betty G. (1993). Elite Families: Class and Power in Nineteenth-Century Boston. State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-1593-7.
- ^ a b "Member Institutions and years of Admission". Association of American Universities. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Faculties and Allied Institutions". Office of the Provost, Harvard University. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ Janhavi Kumar Sapra (August 11, 2010). "Billionaire Universities". Forbes. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
- ^ a b "The Nation's Largest Libraries: A Listing By Volumes Held". American Library Association. 2009-05. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ^ "Yale and Harvard Defeat Oxford/Cambridge Team". Yale University Athletics. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
- ^ "John Harvard Facts, Information.". The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved 2009-07-17. "He bequeathed £780 (half his estate) and his library of 320 volumes to the new established college at Cambridge, Mass., which was named in his honor."
- ^ "The Harvard Guide: The Early History of Harvard University". Harvard University. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Harvard Office of News and Public Affairs (2007-07-26). "Harvard guide intro". Harvard University. Archived from the original on 2007-07-26. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Wright, Louis B. (2002). The Cultural Life of the American Colonies. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-486-42223-7.
- ^ Miller, Neil Brody (2008). "'Proper Subjects for Public Inquiry': the First Unitarian Controversy and the Transformation of Federalist Print Culture". Early American Literature 43 (1): 101–135. JSTOR 25057536.
- ^ Nartonis, David K. (2005). "Louis Agassiz and the Platonist Story of Creation at Harvard, 1795–1846". Journal of the History of Ideas 66 (3): 437–449. JSTOR 3654189.
- ^ Shoemaker, Stephen P. (2006–2007). "The Theological Roots of Charles W. Eliot's Educational Reforms". Journal of Unitarian Universalist History 31: 30–45.
- ^ "Arader Galleries Iconic College Views", Rummell, Richard, Littig & Co. 1915
- ^ Anita Fay Kravitz, "The Harvard Report of 1945: An historical ethnography", Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1994, 367 pages; AAT 9427558
- ^ Malka A. Older. (1996). Preparatory schools and the admissions process. The Harvard Crimson, January 24, 1996
- ^ Schwager, Sally (2004). "Taking up the Challenge: The Origins of Radcliffe". In Laurel Thatcher Ulrich (ed.). Yards and Gates: Gender in Harvard and Radcliffe History. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 115. ISBN 1-4039-6098-4.
- ^ Mariani, Mack D.; Hewitt, Gordon J. (2008). "Indoctrination U.? Faculty Ideology and Changes in Student Political Orientation". PS: Political Science & Politics 41 (4): 773–783. doi:10.1017/S1049096508081031.
- ^ Cohen, Patricia (January 17, 2010). "Professor Is a Label That Leans to the Left". The New York Times.
- ^ Hicks, Jr., George W. (2006). "The Conservative Influence of the Federalist Society on the Harvard Law School Student Body". Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy 29 (2).
- ^ Miller, Stephen (February 28, 2008). "William F. Buckley, Jr., 82, Godfather of Modern Conservatism". New York Sun.
- ^ Currie, Duncan (July 28, 2004). ""Kremlin on the Charles" No More?". The Weekly Standard.
- ^ Dowd, Maureen (June 11, 1988). "Bush Traces How Yale Differs From Harvard". The New York Times.
- ^ Matthew Q. Clarida and Jared T. Lucky (30 May 2013). "Defusing the H-Bomb". thecrimson.com. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
- ^ Bombardieri, M. (2005). Summers' remarks on women draw fire. The Boston Globe, January 17, 2005.
- ^ "Faust Expected To Be Named President This Weekend," The Harvard Crimson, 8 February 2007
- ^ "Harvard names Drew Faust as its 28th president," Office of News and Public Affairs, 11 February 2007
- ^ "M2 Cambridge Shuttle". MASCO. Retrieved August 28, 2010.[dead link]
- ^ Biography in the Exeter Bulletin[dead link]
- ^ "Harvard University - Safety Report". American School Search. Retrieved 2012-03-08.
- ^ "Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies". Itatti.it. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ^ "Harvard University Allston Initiative Home Page". Allston.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ "Office for Sustainability: History". Harvard University. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ "Office for Sustainability: Mission". Harvard University. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ Wingfield, Brian. "America's Greenest Colleges". Forbes. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
- ^ "College Sustainability Report Card 2010". Sustainable Endowments Institute. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ Burlington Free Press, June 24, 2009, page 11B, ""Harvard to cut 275 jobs" Associated Press
- ^ Office of Institutional Research (2009). Harvard University Fact Book 2009–2010. ("Faculty")
- ^ Harvard University. (2010). Financial Report, Fiscal Year 2010. p. 20.
- ^ "Harvard Endowment Rises $4.4 Billion to $32 Billion". Harvard Magazine. November–December. 2011. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
- ^ Beth Healy (January 28, 2010). "Harvard endowment leads others down". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
- ^ Hechinger, John (2008-12-04). "Harvard Hit by Loss as Crisis Spreads to Colleges". Wall Street Journal. p. A1.
- ^ a b Munk, Nina (August 2009). "Nina Munk on Hard Times at Harvard". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Andrew M. Rosenfield (March 4, 2009). "Understanding Endowments, Part I". Forbes. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Vidya B. Viswanathan and Peter F. Zhu (March 5, 2009). "Residents Protest Vacancies in Allston". Harvard Crimson. Retrieved February 10, 2011.
- ^ Locate Colleges Harvard University
- ^ Harvard College. "A Brief History of Harvard College". Harvard College. Retrieved 2011-07-25.
- ^ a b c d "Carnegie Classifications - Harvard University". The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Roster of Institutions". Commission on Institutions of Higher Education, New England Association of Schools and Colleges. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Fields of Concentration". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Degree Programs". Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Handbook. pp. 28–30. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ a b "Degrees Conferred by Program: Academic Year 2008–2009". Institutional Research, Office of the Provost, Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: The Core Curricilum Requirement". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: Program in General Education Requirement". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ Hicks, D. L. (September 20, 2002). "Should Our Colleges Be Ranked?". The New York Times.
- ^ Merrow, J. (2004). "Grade Inflation: It's Not Just an Issue for the Ivy League". Carnegie Perspectives. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
- ^ "5 Year Academic Calendar". Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: Rate of Work". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: The Concentration Requirement". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: Requirements for Honors Degrees". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Prize Descriptions". Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.[dead link]
- ^ Primack, Phil (October 5, 2008). "Doesn't Anybody Get a C Anymore?". The Boston Globe.
- ^ Kohn, A (November 8, 2002). "The Dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation". The Chronicle of Higher Education.
- ^ No author given. (2003). Brevia. Harvard Magazine, January–February 2003.
- ^ Milzoff, R. M., Paley, A. R., & Reed, B. J. (2001). Grade Inflation is Real. Fifteen Minutes March 1, 2001.
- ^ Bombardieri, M. & Schweitzer, S. (2006). "At Harvard, more concern for top grades." The Boston Globe, February 12, 2006. p. B3 (Benedict Gross quotes, 23.7% A/25% A- figures, characterized as an "all-time high.").
- ^ Associated Press. (2004). Princeton becomes first to formally combat grade inflation. USA Today, April 26, 2004.
- ^ a b "Tuition at Harvard Schools: FY1990 – FY2010". Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ Rimer, Sara; Finder, Alan (December 10, 2007). "Harvard Steps Up Financial Aid". The New York Times.
- ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities: National". Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2012. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
- ^ "America's Best Colleges". Forbes. 2012. Retrieved August 29, 2012.
- ^ "National Universities Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. September 13, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
- ^ "The Washington Monthly National University Rankings". The Washington Monthly. 2012. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
- ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities: Global". Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2012. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
- ^ "QS World University Rankings". QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2012. Retrieved September 11, 2012.
- ^ "World University Rankings 2012-2013". The Times Higher Education. 2012. Retrieved October 11, 2012.
- ^ "QS World University Rankings 2012 Results".
- ^ "U.S.news World's Best Universities: Top 400".
- ^ a b Katherine Sellgren (September 8, 2010). "Cambridge knocks Harvard off top of university table". BBC News. Retrieved September 9, 2010.
- ^ "World University Rankings 2012-2013". Times World Rankings. 2012. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
- ^ "World Reputation Rankings 2012". Times World Rankings. 2012. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
- ^ Ted Nesi (October 9, 2009). "Brown slips in world university rankings". Providence Business News. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
- ^ "Harvard tops Chinese university rankings". Agence France-Presse. August 13, 2010. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
- ^ "National University Rankings - Best Colleges 2011". US News and World Report. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "America's Best Colleges". Forbes.com. August 3, 2011. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
- ^ "National University Rankings 2012". The Washington Monthly. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
- ^ "QS Global 200 Business Schools Report 2009 North America".[dead link]
- ^ "URAP - University Ranking by Academic Performance".
- ^ "Harvard's home for social science research". iq.harvard.edu. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "Research & Publications". Gsd.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2010-02-22.[dead link]
- ^ "Research Programs and Centers". Law.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
- ^ See the FAQ on the Harvard-Google partnership.
- ^ See the library portal listing of archives and special collections Harvard Libraries : Archives and Special Collections Listed Alphabetically by Name.
- ^ "History of American Football". Newsdial.com. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Nelson, David M., Anatomy of a Game: Football, the Rules, and the Men Who Made the Game, 1994, pp. 127–128
- ^ "The Harvard Guide: Financial Aid at Harvard". Harvard University. 2006-09-02. Archived from the original on 2006-09-02. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ a b c "Degree Student Head Count: Fall 2010". Harvard University. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
- ^ See Demographics of the United States for references.
- ^ a b "Common Data Set 2008–09" (PDF). Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Colleges With the Most Freshman Merit Scholars, 2009". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "U-CAN: Harvard University". University and College Accountability Network. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/3/28/class-of-2017-admissions/
- ^ Finder, Alan; Arenson, Karen W. (September 12, 2006). "Harvard Ends Early Admission". The New York Times.
- ^ Golden, Daniel (January 15, 2003). "Admissions Preferences Given to Alumni Children Draws Fire". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Golden, Daniel (2006). The Price of Admission: How America's Ruling Class Buys Its Way into Elite Colleges—and Who Gets Left Outside the Gates. ISBN 1-4000-9796-7.
- ^ Doug Gavel (July 7, 2006). "Alum is Apparent Winner of Presidential Election in Mexico". Harvard KSG. Retrieved July 25, 2009.
- ^ Rogers, M. F. (1991). Novels, Novelists, and Readers: Toward a Phenomenological Sociology of Literature. SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0603-2.
- ^ Nathaniel L. Schwartz,"University, Hollywood Relationship Not Always a 'Love Story'", Harvard Crimson, 21 September 1999.
Further reading
- Abelmann, Walter H., ed. The Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology: The First 25 Years, 1970–1995 (2004). 346 pp.
- Beecher, Henry K. and Altschule, Mark D. Medicine at Harvard: The First 300 Years (1977). 569 pp.
- Bentinck-Smith, William, ed. The Harvard Book: Selections from Three Centuries (2d ed.1982). 499 pp.
- Bethell, John T.; Hunt, Richard M.; and Shenton, Robert. Harvard A to Z (2004). 396 pp. excerpt and text search
- Bethell, John T. Harvard Observed: An Illustrated History of the University in the Twentieth Century, Harvard University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-674-37733-8
- Bunting, Bainbridge. Harvard: An Architectural History (1985). 350 pp.
- Carpenter, Kenneth E. The First 350 Years of the Harvard University Library: Description of an Exhibition (1986). 216 pp.
- Cuno, James et al. Harvard's Art Museums: 100 Years of Collecting (1996). 364 pp.
- Elliott, Clark A. and Rossiter, Margaret W., eds. Science at Harvard University: Historical Perspectives (1992). 380 pp.
- Hall, Max. Harvard University Press: A History (1986). 257 pp.
- Hay, Ida. Science in the Pleasure Ground: A History of the Arnold Arboretum (1995). 349 pp.
- Hoerr, John, We Can't Eat Prestige: The Women Who Organized Harvard; Temple University Press, 1997, ISBN 1-56639-535-6
- Howells, Dorothy Elia. A Century to Celebrate: Radcliffe College, 1879–1979 (1978). 152 pp.
- Keller, Morton, and Phyllis Keller. Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University (2001), major history covers 1933 to 2002 online edition
- Lewis, Harry R. Excellence Without a Soul: How a Great University Forgot Education (2006) ISBN 1-58648-393-5
- Morison, Samuel Eliot. Three Centuries of Harvard, 1636–1936 (1986) 512pp; excerpt and text search
- Powell, Arthur G. The Uncertain Profession: Harvard and the Search for Educational Authority (1980). 341 pp.
- Reid, Robert. Year One: An Intimate Look inside Harvard Business School (1994). 331 pp.
- Rosovsky, Nitza. The Jewish Experience at Harvard and Radcliffe (1986). 108 pp.
- Seligman, Joel. The High Citadel: The Influence of Harvard Law School (1978). 262 pp.
- Sollors, Werner; Titcomb, Caldwell; and Underwood, Thomas A., eds. Blacks at Harvard: A Documentary History of African-American Experience at Harvard and Radcliffe (1993). 548 pp.
- Trumpbour, John, ed., How Harvard Rules. Reason in the Service of Empire, Boston: South End Press, 1989, ISBN 0-89608-283-0
- Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher, ed., Yards and Gates: Gender in Harvard and Radcliffe History, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. 337 pp.
- Winsor, Mary P. Reading the Shape of Nature: Comparative Zoology at the Agassiz Museum (1991). 324 pp.
- Wright, Conrad Edick. Revolutionary Generation: Harvard Men and the Consequences of Independence (2005). 298 pp.
External links
Wikisource has the text of the 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica article Harvard University. |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Harvard University |
Coordinates: 42°22′28″N 71°07′01″W / 42.37444°N 71.11694°W
- Association of American Universities
- 1636 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
- Association of Independent Colleges and Universities in Massachusetts members
- Colonial Colleges
- Educational institutions established in the 1630s
- Harvard University
- National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities members
- New England Association of Schools and Colleges
- Universities and colleges in Cambridge, Massachusetts


text:
Think all lpg's have this problem.
Guy for the engine shop guessed it was a head from a lpg vehicles,saying they all do it.
Been told not to run it all the time on lpg
valetech wrote:Black top zetec,as found in mk1 focus
Was going to phone you.can you work your magic finger on the ecu?
airconman wrote:Did your van sell on ebay The sport?
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text:
Pizza Bowl officials vow that game is 'too good of an event' not to continue
'We'll work around it, and we'll get it squared away,' Michigan State trustee George Perles, co-founder and CEO Emeritus of the Little Caesars Bowl, told the Free Press. 'There's no use in getting angry about it. Surprised? Yes.'
- 12:38 AM, May. 23, 2013


text:
Title: | Assistant Coach |
Phone: | 716-645-3984 |
Email: | firstname.lastname@example.com |
Al Walker begins his first year as assistant coach for the Buffalo women's basketball team.
Walker spent the last five seasons as the advanced tactical scout for Stan Van Gundy and the Orlando Magic. Prior to that, he spent 19 years as a head coach on the men's side, including seven years at Binghamton where he helped guide the Bearcats in their transition from Division II to Division I. He has a 234-279 record all-time as a head coach, having also spent time at Colorado College, Cornell and Chaminade. In 2005-06, he led Binghamton to a 16-13 record and a 12-4 mark in the America East, finishing second. Prior to being a head coach, Walker was an assistant at Cornell and East Carolina, as well as an assistant for the junior varsity team at North Carolina under head coach Roy Williams.
At Chaminade University Walker served as head basketball coach and athletic director from 1996-2000. He also coordinated the nationally-televised Maui Invitational — one of the nation's premier college basketball tournaments. Walker's Division II Silverswords played Syracuse, Duke, Iowa and Purdue as the lone Division II team in the field each year.
Prior to his stint at Chaminade, Walker was the head coach at Cornell University, steering the Division I Big Red for three seasons (1993-96). His teams faced Syracuse, Maryland, Michigan State, Stanford and Notre Dame among others. Under Walker's watch, Cornell rose from eighth to fifth in the Ivy League, and his 1994 recruiting class was ranked among the "Top 50" in the nation.
Walker graduated magna cum laude from SUNY Brockport in 1981, and earned his master's degree from the University of North Carolina in 1984. At Brockport, he ranks fifth all-time in rebounds (706) and 20th in scoring (856) despite playing just three seasons. After graduation, he helped the United States capture a gold medal at the Maccabiah Games and then played one year of professional ball in Israel.
Walker began his head coaching career at Division III Colorado College in 1988, steering that program to a 22-5 record and first NCAA tournament appearance in 1991-92. That win total remains the highest in 104 years of basketball at Colorado College.


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text:
Nice job guys, read through all suggestions. I've got some trailers to watch.
No mention of "Argo" yet. Has anyone seen "7 Psychopaths"? Keep the suggestions coming.
Points only keeper League, weekly head to head, 2RW, 2LW, 2C, 4D, 1 G , (goalies 2pts for W +3 for SO) LW: Gaborik, Landeskog, Burrows C: Seguin, Skinner, Berglund, Nyquist, Lombardi RW: Eberle, Oshie, Doan, Silfverberg D: Doughty, Carlson, Ekman-Larsson, Carle G: Price , Schneider, Nabokov |
Elf - 4/5 - Even better when your kid is signing "I'm in a store, and I'm SIGNING!!!"
Wreck it Ralph - 3/5 - Not a bad kids movie, some good parts for the parents. Not a classic but pretty good The Departed 6/5 - Loved it - but love Scorsese, It's no Goodfellas, but it'll do A Shot in the Dark 4/5 - Classic - lots of great lines The Five-Year Engagement - 0/5 - One of the worst movies I have ever seen. Felt like it was on forever. When I checked to see how long was left, there was over an hour. Gave up. Wife watched the rest the next day and validated it's awfulness
2012-13 Champs 14 Team Keeper League Start 9F, 6D, 1G, 10 Bench - Keep 16 G-1, A-1, PIM-0.2, GWG-1 W-2, SO-3, OTL-1 Starters F: H Sedin, Backstrom, Kovalchuk, Perry, Callahan, Parise, M Koivu, M Richards, St. Louis D: Byfuglien, Subban, Shattenkirk, OEL, Robidas, J. Johnson G: Lundqvist IR: Ward, Pitkanen Bench: F: Dupuis, Zajac, Brassard, Zuccarello, Shore, Backlund, Killorn D: Hillen G: Fasth, Emery, Bryzgalov, Nabokov |
Hahahahaha I haven't seen the movie but this is pretty much the whole book. Don't know why they made a movie out of it.
I will put the caveat that my ratings are within the context of genre. For instance, i could give a 9/10 to a jackie chan movie, as relative to other similar movies (knowing that in absolute terms vs all other movies it still may only be a 4.5).
Ip Man - 9/10. Love this movie, love the story of ip man and love donnie yen (lead actor). Any bruce Lee fan that doesnt know the man or the movie should remedy this immediately. Ip Man 2 - 7/10. I still love all the same elements but it has no chance to equal the original. Taken- 8/10. Nothing complicated but I am biased towards movies like this and this one is well put together. The prisoner - 3/10. I believe this to be jackie chan's worst movie ever made and yes I understand the weighty ramifications of such a statement. Objectively it is closer to a zero. It earns 3 bonus points for layers of sheer inexplicability. Like why is he a pro pool player? Or, as the title character, why is he not in a single scene in the middle 45 minutes or so? Why does he have to win $100k in one night playing poker against gangsters so he can buy a black market liver to save his girlfriends life? So intricate for so little plot-relevance. I digress. Valhalla Rising - 10/10. I dont like giving 10's for anything but based on what this movie is I have no idea how it could have been improved on. Basically mash-up the grittier elements of gladiator and braveheart, removing any love inerests (or humanity), any trace of a noble cause or greater good, and any semblance of gloss or glamour those movies applied to barbarism. A raw movie equivalent of scandinavian death metal. Which makes me wonder if Goldman would like it. Or at least the soundtrack In case it is not clear, do not show this to your children. Last edited by sanstanya; 12-06-2012 at 02:59 AM. |
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0862467/ If you like Werner Herzog this should interest you - it really brought to mind Aguirre: Wrath Of God
16 Tm Dynasty,DailyH2H 3C,6W,4D,1G;G,A,PIM,+/-,STP,SOG,Hits,FOW,W,SO,GA,S C-Kopitar,Carter,Zajac,Shore W-Perry,Parise,Neal,Oshie,JvR,Clarkson,M.Foligno,Sil vferberg,Chiasson D-Yandle,J.Johnson,Carlson,Nikitin,Dillon,Barrie G-Ward,Bernier Fm-Holland,Pulkkinen,Rattie,Teravainen,Jensen,Rundbla d,Morrow,Barberio,Krug 10 Tm-8F,4D,2G Weekly F-Stamkos,MSL,E.Staal,Toews,Seguin,Duchene,E.Kane,St epan,J.Staal,Brown,Silfverberg,Johansen D-Keith,Seabrook,Voynov,Bogo,Wideman,Fowler G-Price,Rask,Dubnyk Fm-Tarasenko,Scheifele,Atkinson,Faksa,Smith,Orlov,Rie lly,Trouba,Markstrom Last edited by PrairieDog; 12-06-2012 at 03:21 AM. |
I've been wanting to watch Valhalla Rising ever since it debuted. Thanks for the reminder!!
my last 5 movies: 1. The Grey: a thriller starring Liam Neeson who gives a very strong performance. Crew of ex-cons working in Alaska fight to survive against a large pack of wolves. Very surprised how much I ended up enjoying this movie. Dark, entertaining, suspenseful...nicely done. Very few movies would I ever watch again, I would definitely watch this one again. 8.5/10 (edit: Just went thru and read the rest of this thread, I see some people weren't pleased with The Grey...where as I'm saying it was a really good film. To each their own!!) 2. End of Watch: one of those gritty cop dramas that attempt a realistic approach on life in law enforcement. I thought it was a pretty good movie. Working in law enforcement myself, there are some things in the movie that made me roll my eyes...but I do think they captured the brotherhood of law enforcement in general. I like everything I've seen Michael Pena in and this might be his best role yet. 7/10 3. Brave - animated movie starts off slow, then things get better after the girl visits the witch. Ends up a fairly enjoyable film. Probably my least favorite Pixar movie, but I still liked it. 6.5/10 4. Hugo - animated movie starts off really slow, but absolutely beautiful visuals/cinematography. Honestly, it couldn't keep my wife and I attention, we turned it off after about 30 minutes...but visually the movie is beautiful. Can't give this movie a rating since I didn't watch the whole thing. N/A 5. In Their Skin - a very disturbing, creepy independent movie reminiscent of The Strangers, even if its not as good. About a murderous family obsessed with finding "the perfect life". Worth the watch if you're into movies of the kind. 6.5/10 Really looking forward to seeing Zero Dark Thirty, hearing nothing but great things about the film.
Stamkos was asked today in Tampa how he can top last season: "Well, get into the playoffs. That's the big key and that's our goal here." Follow me on Twitter @thehockeyhitman Last edited by The Hockey Hitman; 12-06-2012 at 04:21 AM. |
Goon. 7.5/10. Really good hockey movie that you can't take too seriously. Liev Shreiber kills every scene he is in as Ross Rhea.
Drive. 7.0/10. This movie ALMOST did it for me. The opening scene was brilliant. The scene when the driver tells the guy to "shut his mouth, or I'll kick all of your teeth down your throat and shut it for you" scene was brilliant. Watching it, every single second of the movie, I just couldn't shake the feeling that the movie was trying to be "too cool" or "too hip". The Avengers. 4.0/10. A "fun" popcorn movie. It looked great. It was just SO irrelevant to me; I have a hard time remembering anything that happened in the movie because I just don't care. The idea of the Hulk being able to change at will REALLY bothers me. The Princess Bride. 10/10. This movie could be the "perfect love story". It's a great "comedy", a great "action movie", a great "romance". It probably hits my "top 3 movies of all time" list. The Hangover Part II. 1.0/10. Horrible. I never laughed once during this movie. To me, this is a textbook case of "the first one made a boatload of money, LET'S MAKE ANOTHER!!!" Brutal... Rylant |
I was really surprised how good Goon was. My wife and I watched it together and both loved it. Its one of a handful of movies I actually have in its entirety on my Droid. Sean William Scott was born to play that character. Watched "Drive" in the theaters and have to admit, LOVED that movie. Its definitely trying to be something unique on its own, which I appreciated.
Stamkos was asked today in Tampa how he can top last season: "Well, get into the playoffs. That's the big key and that's our goal here." Follow me on Twitter @thehockeyhitman |
Good news, they are going to make another on top of that one!
Dig my Cage Match articles? Follow my blog! The Laws of Sport Also on Twitter @SteveLaidlaw |
1. Skyfall - Saw it twice, once with friends, once on a date. Thought is was great the first time, even better the second time. Definitely will buy it when it comes out. 8/10
2. The Town - I am watching Heist movies all week at home. Besides the Ben Affleck emotional scenes, I like this movie. 7.5/10 3. The Italian Job - Great film, love Ms Theron. 8/10 4. Lock, Stock, and Two Smoking Barrels - Watched it last night, haven't seen it since the 90's. I enjoyed it, but it was not as great as I remember. 6/10 5. Rise of the Guardians - I was in GA and saw a couple of kids movies with my neice and nephew so you guys get a bonus answer from me. This one was pretty decent, a lot better than I thought it would be. Loved that Santa had naughty and nice forearm tattoos. The Easter Bunny was hilarious too. 7/10 6. Wreck it Ralph - I love video games and it was a well made movie. Decent story and the characters were pretty funny. Love how they incorporated classic video game characers. Saw it in a sold out movie theater, that was kind of annoying, kids were yelling out when they saw video game characters they knew. lame. I recommended it though, 8/10 Since I am watching Heist movies this week, I have a few more on the docket. Heat Snatch Ocean's 11 (might watch 12 and 13 as well) This concludes our broadcast day.
10 Keepers (Finished 2nd, lose 1 keeper) C: Malkin | Nugent-Hopkins LW:Nash | Ryan RW:Gaborik | Kessel | Voracek D: Green G: Miller IR: 10 Team, 10 Keeper Head to Head: G,A,P,PPP,SHP,BS,FW,GAA,SV%,SO Daily changes: 3C, 3LW, 3RW, 4D, 1Util, 2G Don't mistake opinion for fact. |
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It's ideal for anyone who needs to collect valuable information from customers, visitors or employees efficiently.
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The Survey™ Project is an international online community of volunteers willing to share time, ideas and creativity to advance the development of the free, open source Survey™ Project webapplication. The Survey™ Project was started in 2009 by Fryslan Webservices™ based on the former open source project Nsurvey.
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SP™ Business Services operates through the internet as a distributed (officeless and paperless) service provider worldwide. We make use of web enabled techniques to communicate with clients and partners.


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Things to Do in Ann Arbor
Things to Do Deals
Great Lakes Zoological Society
- Ann Arbor
Zookeepers and other staff introduce visitors to more than 70 species of reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates, and birds
Sherer Health
Olympic-trial finalist helps you blast fat with high-intensity cardio and strength-training exercises amid the scenery at a picturesque park
Zumba with Sheila Ann Arbor
Burn calories unwittingly while moving along to Latin-inspired dance beats
Thrive Martial Arts and Fitness
- Ann Arbor
Gym membership grants access to boot-camp classes and exercise machines; personal training includes individual fitness plan
Recommended Things to Do by Groupon Customers
Senior Master Dean L. Wainwright—a 6th Dan master in both tae kwon do and hap ki do—builds his team of instructors not only from other decorated masters, but also those students whose exceptional dedication and skill might help their peers learn the martial arts. Assistant instructor Ian Bejster, for instance, uses his massive talent and youthful stature to help educate Mini and Little Ninjas as young as 3 years old. Together, this team reaches out to students of all ages, engaging them in learning the swift, graceful kicks of tae kwon do or the soft, circular redirections of hap ki do, the only known method for fighting a revolving door.
Yoga studios and malls are polar opposites—one a quiet, meditative space, the other a sprawl of commotion and stimuli. But inside the Plymouth Road Mall, Ita Yoga Studio manages to block out the distractions of the surrounding shopping center with a spacious studio suited for all levels of practice. There, instructor Ita Reyes, RYT, guides students through breathing exercises and flowing sequences with held postures in slow flow sessions or more intense Vinyasa classes set to upbeat music. Students can also sync breath and movement over sustained periods during private yoga lessons in her 80- to 88-degree studio, whose warm temperature detoxifies guests while increasing their circulation and flexibility.
Once upon a time, the grounds surrounding the Mill Lake Outdoor Recreation Center was filled with the gleeful laughter of children, but today only screams can be heard cutting through the darkness. First opened in the 1930s, the camp's cabins have sunk into disrepair since their closure in the '90s, but that doesn't mean they've remained empty. The festering site now serves as home to a whole host of ghouls, foul creatures, and lingering campers still struggling to master the square knot.
If they make it through the sinister paths, guests can calm their chattering teeth while warming up by a bonfire or embrace a warm, fuzzy feeling knowing a portion of the haunt's profits goes toward restoring the historic Mill Lake Cabins.
Working at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 1994 World Cup are a few of the sporting events on camp director Shelly Watkins's resumé, which she draws on to run a summer camp for kids of all ages. A mother herself, she believes in giving each child individual attention, recognition, and respect, rewarding campers with high-fives and compliments for jobs well done. Together with assistant camp director Cortney Spiegel, she runs fun-packed day camps focused on arts, sports, field trips, and specialty programs. Professional counselors work with pintsize Pacinos in the Lights, Camera, Action class to make short films; kick off Nerf-themed sports events in the Nerf Extravaganza class; or venture out to bowling, movies, rollerblading, and laser tag during the Mega Adventure Field Trip. Shelly and her friendly crew also lead precamp and aftercamp activities for early-morning and evening supervision, and junior camp for campers aged 4¬–7 or 10-year-olds having their pre-preteen life crisis.
Passionate staff members stroll through bell-shaped fairy doors at The Bead Gallery's Ann Arbor location, which has housed a voluminous spread of crafting accessories in an idyllic Victorian abode for more than 20 years. Both here and at the store's Howell locale, sprawling aisles house an epic selection of Czech pressed glass beads, Swarovski crystals, and semiprecious gemstones, which customers can buy loose, by the strand, or in repurposed Skittles bags. Crafters can also sign up for classes that cycle through beadwork, metal and stone techniques, and methods for manipulating wire and glass. Along with their expert instruction, The Bead Gallery's crackerjack staff can also flex their restringing skills to repair beaten-up baubles.


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keep me cool
There's nothing better than an ice treat on a hot summer's day like today. Which is why we've got a plan to keep your neighbourhood cool.
Over the next two weeks we're hitting the road with our ice-cream van. Want a cone? It's easy: using our app below just tell us the first part of your postcode (eg: E8 or BN1). Then make sure you spread the word. The more votes we get from your area, the greater the chance we'll be heading your way to keep you guys cool.
In one of these cities? Get your postcode ready:
16th / 17th August - Manchester - DONE
18th / 19th August - Birmingham - DONE
23rd / 24th August – Brighton - DONE
25th / 26th August – London - DONE
- 15 August 2011
- keep me cool
watch our video
- 18 August 2011
- keep me cool
keep me cool pics
- 16 September 2011
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T3 SinglePass Styling Iron
KimRoyal CityHairMedium BrownCurly HairThick or Coarse HairLike T3 Products!I saw Allure mag had this written up, thought I would try one because I have the full size hairdryer and the travel one, which I really like. I have only used it once. So far seems to take less time to straighten and results look better than my old flat iron.posted Jan 2, 2012Link to this post
DiaHairDark BrownColor Treated HairThick or Coarse HairLove Love LoveI originally wanted to get the GHD or the Sedu Flat iron but did my research and I came to the decision to get the T3 I love it! it doen't pull my hair it doesn't damage it its PERFECT!! it's soo worth the money!!posted Nov 15, 2011Link to this post
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Director, Neurosurgical Operating Room
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
Department of Neurosurgery
Sheikh Zayed Tower 6115D
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
1800 Orleans Street
Baltimore, MD 21287
Dr. Jon Weingart, Professor of Neurosurgery, focuses on the treatment of adults and children. Specialties include surgical treatment of brain tumors including benign and malignant tumors. Dr. Weingart is actively involved in the development of novel treatments for brain tumors and is the principal investigator on several investigational trials. Dr. Weingart also specializes in spinal disorders, such as cervical and lumbar disc disease, as well as other congenital and developmental abnormalities such as tethered spinal cord, spina bifida and chiari malformation.
His most recent accolade was receiving the Richard Otenasak Award for Teaching Excellence.
Dr. Weingart received his medical degree from Duke University. He then completed his internship in general surgery and residency in neurological surgery at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. Dr. Weingart completed a neurosurgical oncology fellowship at Johns Hopkins during his training.
Dr. Weingart sees patients at the Johns Hopkins at Green Spring Station location on Tuesdays and at The Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center in Baltimore on Thursdays.
- 1998, Certified, American Board of Neurological Surgeons
- 1988, National Board of Medical Examiners (Diplomat)


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Use your body's electric field to authenticate
I propose that the next generation of IDEs create an environment of continuous debugging, to be integrated into the continuous integration paradigm. In other words, from the moment I begin coding in an editor, I want the IDE to enter debug mode, attempting to execute the project and update its execution state while I type.
Arrayent's technology was recently embedded in an Internet-enabled thermostat from Hunter Fan.
This month, we focus on database development by exploring detailed SQL profiling capabilities in MySQL 5.6, data loading with Apache Flume, extensible database architecture, and much more!
Download the latest issue today. >>


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We had a fantastic stay at this beautiful family run hotel. The rooms are stunning, the food delicious and the staff friendly and helpful. The beds are SO comfortable! We so enjoyed - thankyou so much.
- Also Known As:
- Rohet Garh Hotel Rohet
- Rohet Garh Hotel
- Rohetgarh Hotel Rohet


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Thread 1!
Man, don't you wish you could keep track of all these fanmade human (or miscellaneous alien) characters popping up everywhere? Of course you do. We all do. Which is why Doctor Tess took it upon herself to put together an up-to-date fantroll index, with info on all the fantrolls! And then the idea was straight-up ganked by Cleric of Zeal for humans (and miscellaneous aliens). And then I stole his idea and the trollslum's general format, because apparently I'm an unscrupulous bastard. All fancharacters that aren't trolls are welcome here, so don't be afraid to have yours added to the list!
It seems that RPing is the hip and cool thing to do here, so it'd be super awesome if you stuck around to join in the fun! (But you don't have to! Don't be afraid to post your characters here if you don't want to roleplay, we want to see them!!)
Additions to the Chumroll should include at least most of the following information:
- chumhandle
- text color
- reference picture
- personality and interests
- shirt symbol, weapon, guardian and other similar details
A few notes! Please read these before you start posting profiles. (PLEASE.)
- Please make your character's chumhandle clear in your profile, since that's how I organise them.
- If you're updating an old profile, feel free to repost it if your old profile was in an old thread. If the old profile's in the current thread, just edit the post. But please make it clear that the profile you're posting is a repost, especially if the handle has changed!
- Once you've got an SBURB session all set up, or at least mostly, make a thread for it! It helps keep clutter out of this one.
- At least try to keep to what we know about canon. That's why we're here, after all, to play in the Homestuck universe!
- At the same time, don't go and just flat-out copy a canon character, or someone else's character! That's not cool. Try to be original!
- If I haven't updated the list since you posted your profile, don't be all buggin' me because yours isn't up here yet. My update schedule is kind of unpredictable, and I'll get around to it eventually! Just be patient.
- Please don't spoiler new profiles! There's a good chance I'll miss them if you do.
- And please tell me if I do miss one! Or if I make any other mistakes. I'm not perfect! Neither were the people who wrote the bulk of this post before I swiped it and shaved off the serial numbers!
- Mostly, have fun!! I cannot stress this enough. You are presumably here to enjoy yourself with pretendy fun-time games, everything else is secondary. If you're not having fun, something's wrong there!
Characters are catalogued in alphabetical order by chumhandle.
Current character count: ~220!
If I have missed a character, please repost their bio or a link to their bio in an old thread and I will add them!
If you want to post an updated version of your character's bio, please go ahead and I'll update that link ASAP.
IF YOU MISSPELL YOUR CHARACTER'S CHUMHANDLE, I WILL COPY YOUR SPELLING. I don't know whether the misspellings are intentional or not, and best to err on the side of caution.
Posts without chumhandles won't be added.
Profiles entirely in spoilers won't be added either! It's super-easy for me to miss those!
And the nonhumans!
Art Index
^^^ This includes the most up-to-date instance of the sprite sheet! Use it! ^^^


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The wreck occurred about 4 p.m. outside of Bell's Smoke Shop in a shopping center at the intersection of West Gordon Avenue and Brody Lane, police chief Sid Adams said.
Officials did not publicly release the name of the woman, a Rossville resident, pending notification of family members.
The woman, after shopping at the tobacco store, was about to get in her car when she was hit, Adams said.
The driver, identified as Brandon Lee Dillard of Foster Lane in Ringgold, sped out of the shopping center parking lot along Chickamauga Avenue and turned onto West Gordon Avenue, he said.
Click here to continue reading.


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Eye Exam
A new use for Old Bay
Old Bay seasoning is typically aligned with such seminal East Coast dishes as crab and shrimp boils. However, since moving to Chicago, Zoe Schor has been able to bring a taste of her Mid-Atlantic hometown to her new position at Ada Street. In her recipe for crispy black-eyed peas, Schor uses Old Bay, turning a satisfying bar bite into something all the more snackable. Paired with a cold beer, it transported us directly to a harbor on the Chesapeake Bay.
Crispy Black-Eyed Peas
Yield: Serves 4
Cook Time:
15 minutes (plus 1 hour soaking time)
3½ cups frozen black-eyed peas
1 cup buttermilk
1 tablespoon plus 1 teaspoon kosher salt, divided
Vegetable oil
1 cup all-purpose flour
1 cup semolina flour
¼ cup Old Bay seasoning
2 teaspoons cayenne pepper
About The Chef
Zoe Schor worked as executive chef at the Darkroom on Melrose in Los Angeles, chef de partie at Thomas Keller's Bouchon in Yountville, CA, executive sous chef at Todd English's Beso in Los Angeles and on the line at Tom Colicchio's Craft in Los Angeles. She is now the executive chef at the recently opened Ada Street in Chicago.
Ada Street, 1664 N. Ada St., Chicago, IL; 773-697-7069 or adastreetchicago.com
Get Tasting Table Chefs' Recipes Edition for exclusive recipes each week from top chefs and hot restaurants—adapted for you to cook at home.


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1.2-3 Constitutional Principles
Revised to December 1, 2007
Every defendant in a criminal case is presumed to be innocent and this presumption of innocence remains with the defendant throughout the trial unless and until (he/she) is proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
The burden is on the state to prove the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt, and that burden of proof never shifts throughout the trial. Unless you find at the conclusion of all the evidence that the state has proved beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant has committed every element of an offense, you must find (him/her) not guilty of that offense. On the other hand, if you are satisfied that the evidence establishes the guilt of the defendant beyond a reasonable doubt, you should not hesitate to find (him/her) guilty.


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[Advertise on Unearthed Outdoors]
Questions, comments, and bug reports should be directed to our forums.
This web page was written by Seth Price.
Find the reef that you are looking for. Reefs are marked in red below. Click on the map below to view the reefs in the area where you clicked.
Image courtesy of NASA


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Welcome To The Gentleman's Corner
So glad you could stop by. Dont be shocked, I am an extremely random person, as if you could not already tell. Random is one of my favorite words. I have the innate ability to confuse the hell out of people and to be frank, I love that about myself. So kick back, make a drink, ease into some stimulation...these are my thoughts....hate em or love em...whatever
Aug 7th, 2012


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If you frequently attend your child's soccer game, football game or cross-country meet, why not submit your photos?
Patch welcomes and encourages reader contributions, and you can help spread the word about your favorite local team's win. It's easy to post your announcement. Here's how:
- Create a Patch login and password by visiting your local Patch site and clicking "Sign Up" in the upper righthand corner.
- Sign into Patch and click on News > Announcements
- Click on "Post an Announcement" and write up your announcement. You can add pictures and video, too.
- Still need help? Watch this easy video tutorial for guidance.
If you have any questions, feel free to email Editor Jessie Biele at email@example.com. We look forward to seeing your game day photos!
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Fender Guitars
Fender Redondo CE
The Fender Redondo CE is the newest addition to the California Series models and invokes all the same feel and vibe of its more expensive cousins. Features include maple Stratocaster neck and headstock, spruce top and laminated mahogany back and sides for that classic acoustic tone.$279.99 -
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text: Vestlia Resort has a 500 sqm conference area. We offer high quality wireless audiovisual equipment throughout the conference centre, designated conference secretariat and workspace for secretary and meeting leaders. The conference centre has rest areas and toilet facilities. We may also provide information and book activities such as spa treatments for your group, transport, team activities and entertainment. Travel environmentally-friendly to Geilo by train! We offer discounted tickets in collaboration with Norwegian State Railways NSB and we offer free pick-up service from the train station. Please contact us for an offer.


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The Midway Middle girls volleyball team took over first place Tuesday afternoon when they won an all-out five-set battle against rival Hobbton Middle in Wildcat country. Scores were 12-25; 25-23; 23-25; 25-23; 16-18.
Raider coach Tracey Wrench said the game was a great one, played well by both teams.
"I was well pleased with my girls, but Hobbton's an awesome team, too. It was just a great all-around game."
Wrench said her girls played "team ball," all afternoon, something, she stressed, she likes to see. "They played with great hustle."
She singled out the play of Haley West, who, she said, had the best game she had seen her play. "Haley did a fantastic job all the way around today. I was very proud of her."
Also touted were Blythe Best who, Wrench said, had great serves; Logan Baggett who, the coach stressed played the entire game, with outstanding serves and great hustle; and Alex Cannady who she called a "real go-getter," playing strong throughout the afternoon.
Hobbton and Midway were tied going into Tuesday's game, and now the Raiders are in first, with the young 'Cats in second.
Midway, Wrench said, had two games left, Thursday afternoon's against Roseboro-Salemburg and Monday against Union.


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Helene, on 01 August 2012 - 11:04 AM, said:
Understood. I think they should change the scoring criteria. Call me old-fashioned, but I think those criteria are sexist. I can see why women's gymnastic events are different from men's -- that's driven by the real differences between the genders in matters like upper body strength, flexibility and the like -- but I can't see why women gymnasts have to be performers in addition to being athletes, especially if male gymnasts aren't expected to do the same thing. It's as if the sport's early organizers were afraid to let women just glory in their physical prowess.
And frankly, even the dancing in the 80's routines Dvora Meyers is so nostalgic for looks pretty lame. But the tumbling runs never do.