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The term spirituality lacks a definitive definition,[1][2] although social scientists have defined spirituality as the search for "the sacred," where "the sacred" is broadly defined as that which is set apart from the ordinary and worthy of veneration.[3]
The term "spirituality" is derived from the Latin spiritualitas and the Biblical "roeach/pneuma"[citation needed] . It means to be put in motion, to be a living person, and being driven. In a Bibilical context it means being animated by God.[4]
The use of the term "spirituality" has changed throughout the ages.[5] In modern times spirituality is often separated from religion,[6] and connotes a blend of humanistic psychology with mystical and esoteric traditions and eastern religions aimed at personal well-being and personal development.[7]
The notion of "spiritual experience" plays an important role in modern spirituality, but has a relatively recent origin.[8]
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Several authors state that there is no definitive definition of spirituality.[1][2][note 1]
According to Waaijman, the traditional meaning of spirituality is a process of re-formation:[9][note 2]
In modern times "spirituality" has acquired a new meaning. It still denotes a process of transformation, but is often seen as separate from religious institutions, as "spiritual but not religious." [6] Spirituality has come to mean the internal experience of the individual. According to Yuk-Lin Renita Wong and Jana Vinsky, religion represents the organized aspect, the institutions which press people into a mold.[6] Dick Houtman and Stef Aupers write that modern spirituality blends humanistic psychology with mystical and esoteric traditions and eastern religions.[7]
Social scientists have defined spirituality as the search for "the sacred," where "the sacred" is broadly defined as that which is set apart from the ordinary and worthy of veneration, for example "a transcendent dimension":
[...] a transcendent dimension within human experience [...] discovered in moments in which the individual questions the meaning of personal existence and attempts to place the self within a broader ontological context.[11]
Spirituality can be sought not only through traditional organized religions, but also through movements such as liberalism, feminist theology, and green politics. Spirituality is also now associated with mental health, managing substance abuse, marital functioning, parenting, and coping. It has been suggested that spirituality also leads to finding purpose and meaning in life.[3]
Development of the meaning of spirituality[edit]
Classical and medieval meaning[edit]
Words translatable as 'spirituality' first began to arise in the 5th century and only entered common use toward the end of the Middle Ages.[12]
The term "spirituality" is derived from the Latin spiritualitas and the Biblical "roeach/pneuma". It means to be put in motion, to be a living person, and being driven. In a Bibilical context it means being animated by God.[4] Spirituality means to be driven by the Holy Spirit, as opposed to a life which rejects this influence.[13]
In the 11th century this meaning changes. Spirituality denotes then the mental aspect of life, as opposed to the material and sensual aspects of life. Spirituality represents "the ecclesiastical sphere of light against the dark world of matery".[14][note 4]
In the 13th century "spirituality" acquired a social and psychological meaning. Socially it denoted the territory of the clergy: "The ecclesiastical against the temporary possessions, the ecclesiastical against the secular authority, the clerical class against the secular class"[15][note 5] Psychologically it denoted the realm of the inner life: "The purity of motives, affections, intentions, inner dispositions, the psychology of the spiritual life, the analysis of the feelings".[16][note 6]
Early-modern meaning[edit]
In the 17th and 18th century a distinction was being made between higher and lower forms of spirituality:
But the word was also associated with mysticism and quietism, and acquired a negative meaning.
Modern spirituality[edit]
The spread of the ideas of modernity began to alter the role of religion in society and in popular thought.[citation needed]
Transcendentalism and Unitarian Universalism[edit]
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) was a pioneer of the idea of spirituality as a distinct field.[17] He was one of the major figures in Transcendentalism, an early 19th-century liberal Protestant movement, which was rooted in English and German Romanticism, the Biblical criticism of Herder and Schleiermacher, and the skepticism of Hume.[web 1] The Transcendentalists emphasised an intuitive, experiential approach of religion.[web 2] Following Schleiermacher[18], an individual's intuition of truth was taken as the criterium for truth.[web 2] In the late 18th and early 19th century, the first translations of Hindu texts appeared, which were also read by the Transcendentalists, and influenced their thinking.[web 2] They also endorsed universalist and Unitarianist ideas, leading to Unitarian Universalism, the idea that there must be truth in other religions as well, since a loving God would redeem all living beings, not just Christians.[web 2][web 3]
An important influence on western spirituality was Neo-Vedanta, also called neo-Hinduism[19] and Hindu Universalism,[web 4] a modern interpretation of Hinduism which developed in response to western colonialism and orientalism, and aims to present Hinduism as a "homogenized ideal of Hinduism"[20] with Advaita Vedanta as its central doctrine.[21] Due to the colonisation of Asia by the western world, since the 19th century an exchange of ideas has been taking place between the western world and Asia, which also influenced western religiosity.[22] Unitarianism, and the idea of Universalism, was brought to India by missionaries, and had a major influence on neo-Hinduism via Ram Mohan Roy's Brahmo Samaj and Brahmoism. Roy attempted to modernise and reform Hinduism, taking over Christian social ideas and the idea of Universalism.[23] This universalism was further popularised, and brought back to the west as neo-Vedanta, by Swami Vivekananda.[23]
Theosophical Society and the Perennial Philosophy[edit]
Another major influence on modern spirituality was the Theosophical Society, which searched for 'secret teachings' in Asian religions.[22] It has been influential on modernist streams in several Asian religions, notably Neo-Vedanta, the revival of Theravada Buddhism, and Buddhist modernism, which have taken over modern western notions of personal experience and universalism and integrated them in their religious concepts.[22]
The influence of Asian traditions on western modern spirituality was also furthered by the Perennial Philosophy, whose main proponent Aldous Huxley was deeply influenced by Vivekanda's Neo-Vedanta and Universalism[24], and the growing wellfare, education and mass travel after World war Two.
Important early 20th century western writers who studied the phenomenon of spirituality, and their works, include William James, The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902), and Rudolph Otto, especially The Idea of the Holy (1917).[citation needed] James' notions of "spiritual experience" had a further influence on the modernist streams in Asian traditions, making them even further recognisable for a western audience.[18]
After the Second World War spirituality and religion became disconnected.[16] A new discourse developed, in which (humanistic) psychology, mystical and esoteric traditions and eastern religions are being blended, to reach the true self by self-disclosure, free expression and meditation.[7]
The distinction between the spiritual and the religious became more common in the popular mind during the late 20th century with the rise of secularism and the advent of the New Age movement. Authors such as Chris Griscom and Shirley MacLaine explored it in numerous ways in their books. Paul Heelas noted the development within New Age circles of what he called "seminar spirituality":[25] structured offerings complementing consumer choice with spiritual options.
Among other factors, declining membership of organized religions and the growth of secularism in the western world have given rise to this broader view of spirituality.[26] The term "spiritual" is now frequently used in contexts in which the term "religious" was formerly employed.[27]
Traditional spirituality[edit]
Abrahamic faiths[edit]
Rabbinic Judaism (or in some Christian traditions, Rabbinism) (Hebrew: "Yahadut Rabanit" - יהדות רבנית) has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Talmud. It is characterised by the belief that the Written Torah ("Law" or "Instruction") cannot be correctly interpreted without reference to the Oral Torah and by the voluminous literature specifying what behavior is sanctioned by the law (called halakha, "the way").
Judaism knows a variety of religious observances: ethical rules, prayers, religious clothing, holidays, shabbat, pilgrimages, Torah reading, dietary laws.
Kabbalah (literally "receiving"), is an esoteric method, discipline and school of thought of Judaism. Its definition varies according to the tradition and aims of those following it,[28] from its religious origin as an integral part of Judaism, to its later Christian, New Age, or Occultist syncretic adaptations. Kabbalah is a set of esoteric teachings meant to explain the relationship between an unchanging, eternal and mysterious Ein Sof (no end) and the mortal and finite universe (his creation). While it is heavily used by some denominations, it is not a religious denomination in itself. Inside Judaism, it forms the foundations of mystical religious interpretation. Outside Judaism, its scriptures are read outside the traditional canons of organised religion. Kabbalah seeks to define the nature of the universe and the human being, the nature and purpose of existence, and various other ontological questions. It also presents methods to aid understanding of these concepts and to thereby attain spiritual realisation.
Hasidic Judaism, meaning "piety" (or "loving kindness"), is a branch of Orthodox Judaism that promotes spirituality through the popularisation and internalisation of Jewish mysticism as the fundamental aspect of the faith. It was founded in 18th-century Eastern Europe by Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov as a reaction against overly legalistic Judaism. His example began the characteristic veneration of leadership in Hasidism as embodiments and intercessors of Divinity for the followers.[citation needed] Opposite to this, Hasidic teachings cherished the sincerity and concealed holiness of the unlettered common folk, and their equality with the scholarly elite. The emphasis on the Immanent Divine presence in everything gave new value to prayer and deeds of kindness, alongside Rabbinic supremacy of study, and replaced historical mystical (kabbalistic) and ethical (musar) asceticism and admonishment with optimism,[citation needed] encouragement, and daily fervour. This populist emotional revival accompanied the elite ideal of nullification to paradoxical Divine Panentheism, through intellectual articulation of inner dimensions of mystical thought.
Catholic spirituality is the spiritual practice of living out a personal act of faith (fides qua creditur) following the acceptance of faith (fides quae creditur). Although all Catholics are expected to pray together at Mass, there are many different forms of spirituality and private prayer which have developed over the centuries. Each of the major religious orders of the Catholic Church and other lay groupings have their own unique spirituality - its own way of approaching God in prayer and in living out the Gospel.
Christian mysticism refers to the development of mystical practices and theory within Christianity. It has often been connected to mystical theology, especially in the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions. The attributes and means by which Christian mysticism is studied and practiced are varied and range from ecstatic visions of the soul's mystical union with God to simple prayerful contemplation of Holy Scripture (i.e., Lectio Divina).
Five pillars[edit]
The Pillars of Islam (arkan al-Islam; also arkan ad-din, "pillars of religion") are five basic acts in Islam, considered obligatory for all believers. The Quran presents them as a framework for worship and a sign of commitment to the faith. They are (1) the shahadah (creed), (2) daily prayers (salat), (3) almsgiving (zakah), (4) fasting during Ramadan and (5) the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime. The Shia and Sunni sects both agree on the essential details for the performance of these acts.[29]
The best known form of Islamic mystic spirituality is the Sufi tradition (famous through Rumi and Hafiz) in which a spiritual master or pir transmits spiritual discipline to students.[30]
Sufism or taṣawwuf (Arabic: تصوّف) is defined by its adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam.[31][32][33] A practitioner of this tradition is generally known as a ṣūfī (صُوفِيّ). Sufis believe they are practicing ihsan (perfection of worship) as revealed by Gabriel to Muhammad,
Worship and serve Allah as you are seeing Him and while you see Him not yet truly He sees you.
Sufis consider themselves as the original true proponents of this pure original form of Islam. They are strong adherents to the principal of tolerance, peace and against any form of violence. The Sufi have suffered severe persecution by their coreligionist brothers the Wahhabi and the Salafist. In 1843 the Senussi Sufi were forced to flee Mecca and Medina and head to the Sudan and Libya.[34]
Classical Sufi scholars have defined Sufism as "a science whose objective is the reparation of the heart and turning it away from all else but God".[35] Alternatively, in the words of the Darqawi Sufi teacher Ahmad ibn Ajiba, "a science through which one can know how to travel into the presence of the Divine, purify one's inner self from filth, and beautify it with a variety of praiseworthy traits".[36]
Jihad is a religious duty of Muslims. In Arabic, the word jihād translates as a noun meaning "struggle". There are two commonly accepted meanings of jihad: an inner spiritual struggle and an outer physical struggle.[37] The "greater jihad" is the inner struggle by a believer to fulfill his religious duties.[37][38] This non-violent meaning is stressed by both Muslim[39] and non-Muslim[40] authors.
Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, an 11th-century Islamic scholar, referenced a statement by the companion of Muhammad Jabir ibn Abd-Allah:
The Prophet [...] returned from one of his battles, and thereupon told us, 'You have arrived with an excellent arrival, you have come from the Lesser Jihad to the Greater Jihad—the striving of a servant (of Allah) against his desires (holy war)."[unreliable source?][41][42][note 8]
Asian traditions[edit]
The Hindu traditions know a wide range of spiritual practices called Sādhanā, aimed at reaching moksha or enlightenment. Sadhana literally "a means of accomplishing something",[43] is an ego-transcending spiritual practice.[44] It includes a variety of disciplines in Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist[45] and Muslim traditions that are followed in order to achieve various spiritual or ritual objectives.
The historian N. Bhattacharyya provides a working definition of the benefits of sādhanā as follows:
... religious sādhanā, which both prevents an excess of worldliness and molds the mind and disposition (bhāva) into a form which develops the knowledge of dispassion and non-attachment. Sādhanā is a means whereby bondage becomes liberation.[46]
Iyengar (1993: p. 22) in his English translation of and commentary to the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali defines sādhanā in relation to abhyāsa and kriyā:
Sādhanā is a discipline undertaken in the pursuit of a goal. Abhyāsa is repeated practice performed with observation and reflection. Kriyā, or action, also implies perfect execution with study and investigation. Therefore, sādhanā, abhyāsa, and kriyā all mean one and the same thing. A sādhaka, or practitioner, is one who skillfully applies...mind and intelligence in practice towards a spiritual goal.[47]
Buddhist practices are known as Bhavana, which literally means "development" or "cultivating"[48] or "producing"[49][50] in the sense of "calling into existence."[51] It is an important concept in Buddhist praxis (Patipatti). The word bhavana normally appears in conjunction with another word forming a compound phrase such as citta-bhavana (the development or cultivation of the heart/mind) or metta-bhavana (the development/cultivation of lovingkindness). When used on its own bhavana signifies 'spiritual cultivation' generally.
Various Buddhist Paths to liberation developed throughout the ages. Best-known is the Noble Eightfold Path, but others include the Bodhisattva Path and Lamrim.
African spirituality[edit]
In some African contexts, spirituality is considered a belief system that guides that welfare of society and the people therein, and eradicates sources of unhapiness ocassined by evil.
Modern spirituality[edit]
The term "spiritual" is now frequently used in contexts in which the term "religious" was formerly employed.[27] Modern spirituality is also called "post-traditional spirituality"[52] and "New Age spirituality".[53]
Hanegraaf makes a distinction between "New Age sensu stricto" and "New Age Sensu lato".[54] "New Age sensu stricto"(in a strict sense) originated in the 1950s as a group of people who expected a radical change of culture. "New Age Sensu lato" (in a wide sense) emerged in the later 1970s,
...when increasing numbers of people [...] began to perceive a broad similarity between a wide variety of "alternative ideas" and pursuits, and started to think of them as part of one "movement"".[54]
This perception of similarities is a defining characteristic of New Age[55], modern spirituality[7][13] and Nondualism.[56]
Those who speak of spirituality outside of religion often define themselves as spiritual but not religious and generally believe in the existence of different "spiritual paths," emphasizing the importance of finding one's own individual path to spirituality. According to one 2005 poll, about 24% of the United States population identifies itself as spiritual but not religious.[web 5]
Modern spirituality is centered on the "deepest values and meanings by which people live."[57] It embraces the idea of an ultimate or an alleged immaterial reality.[58] It envisions an inner path enabling a person to discover the essence of his/her being.
Not all modern notions of spirituality embrace transcendental ideas. Secular spirituality emphasizes humanistic ideas on moral character (qualities such as love, compassion, patience, tolerance, forgiveness, contentment, responsibility, harmony, and a concern for others.[59]:22 These are aspects of life and human experience which go beyond a purely materialist view of the world without necessarily accepting belief in a supernatural reality or divine being.
Personal well-being, both physical and psychological, is an important aspect of modern spirituality. Contemporary authors suggest that spirituality develops inner peace and forms a foundation for happiness. Meditation and similar practices may help any practitioner cultivate his or her inner life and character.[60][unreliable source?] [61] Ellison and Fan (2008) assert that spirituality causes a wide array of positive health outcomes, including "morale, happiness, and life satisfaction."[62] Spirituality has played a central role in self-help movements such as Alcoholics Anonymous:
...if an alcoholic failed to perfect and enlarge his spiritual life through work and self-sacrifice for others, he could not survive the certain trials and low spots ahead....[63]
Spiritual experience[edit]
"Spiritual experience" plays a central role in modern spirituality.[64] This notion has been popularised by both western and Asian authors.[65][66]
William James popularized the use of the term "religious experience" in his The Varieties of Religious Experience.[65] It has also influenced the understanding of mysticism as a distinctive experience which supplies knowledge.[web 1]
Wayne Proudfoot traces the roots of the notion of "religious experience" further back to the German theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768–1834), who argued that religion is based on a feeling of the infinite. The notion of "religious experience" was used by Schleiermacher to defend religion against the growing scientific and secular citique. It was adopted by many scholars of religion, of which William James was the most influential.[67]
Major Asian influences were Vivekananda[68] and D.T. Suzuki.[64] Swami Vivekananda popularised a modern syncretitistic Hinduism[69][66], in which the authority of the scriptures was replaced by an emphasis on personal experience.[66][70] D.T. Suzuki had a major influence on the popularisation of Zen in the west and popularized the idea of enlightenment as insight into a timeless, transcendent reality.[web 6][web 7][22] Another example can be seen in Paul Brunton's A Search in Secret India, which introduced Ramana Maharshi to a western audience.
Spiritual experiences can include being connected to a larger reality, yielding a more comprehensive self; joining with other individuals or the human community; with nature or the cosmos; or with the divine realm.[71]
Spiritual practices[edit]
Waaijman discerns four forms of spiritual practices:[72]
- Somatic practices, especially deprivation and diminishment. The deprivation purifies the body. Diminishment concerns the repulsement of ego-oriented impulses. Examples are fasting and poverty.[72]
- Psychological practices, for example meditation.[73]
- Social practices. Examples are the practice of obedience and communal ownership reform ego-orientedness into other-orientedness.[73]
- Spiritual. All practices aim at purifying the ego-centeredness, and direct the abilities at the divine reality.[73]
Spiritual practices may include meditation, mindfulness, prayer, and the contemplation of sacred texts; ethical development.[59] Love and/or compassion are often described as the mainstay of spiritual development.[59]
Within spirituality is also found "a common emphases on the value of thoughtfulness, tolerance for breadth and practices and beliefs, and appreciation for the insights of other religious communities, as well as other sources of authority within the social sciences."[74]
Since the scientific revolution, the relationship of science to religion and spirituality has developed in complex ways.[75][76] Historian John Hedley Brooke describes wide variations:
The natural sciences have been invested with religious meaning, with antireligious implications and, in many contexts, with no religious significance at all."[76]
The popular notion of antagonisms between science and religion[77][78] has historically originated with "thinkers with a social or political axe to grind" rather than with the natural philosophers themselves.[76] Though physical and biological scientists today avoid supernatural explanations to describe reality[79][80][81][note 9], many scientists continue to consider science and spirituality to be complementary, not contradictory.[82][83]
During the twentieth century the relationship between science and spirituality has been influenced both by Freudian psychology, which has accentuated the boundaries between the two areas by accentuating individualism and secularism, and by developments in particle physics, which reopened the debate about complementarity between scientific and religious discourse and rekindled for many an interest in holistic conceptions of reality.[76]:322 These holistic conceptions were championed by New Age spiritualists in a type of quantum mysticism that they claim justifies their spiritual beliefs,[84][85] though quantum physicists themselves on the whole reject such attempts as being pseudoscientific.[86][87]
Scientific research[edit]
Neuroscientists are trying to learn more about how the brain functions during reported spiritual experiences.[88][89]
The psychology of religion uses a variety of metrics to measure spirituality.[90]
In keeping with a general increase in interest in spirituality and complementary and alternative treatments, prayer has garnered attention among some behavioral scientists. Masters and Spielmans[91] have conducted a meta-analysis of the effects of distant intercessory prayer, but detected no discernible effects.
See also[edit]
- Numinous
- Awe
- Esotericism
- Evolutionary origin of religions
- Glossary of spirituality terms
- History of religion
- Humanistic psychology
- New Age
- Outline of spirituality
- Perennial philosophy
- Reason
- Relationship between religion and science
- Religion
- Timeline of religion
- Sacred–profane dichotomy
- Secular spirituality
- Self-actualization
- Self-help
- Skepticism
- Syncretism
- Superstition
- Theosophy
- ^ Koenig e.a.: "There is no widely agreed on definition of spirituality today".[1] Cobb e.a.: "The spiritual dimension is deeply subjective and there is no authoritative definition of spirituality".[2]
- ^ Waaijman[10] uses the word "omvorming", "to change the form". Different translations are possible: transformation, re-formation, trans-mutation.
- ^ Original in Dutch: "De hervorming is erop gericht de oorspronkelijke vorm van de mens, het beeld van God, te hervinden. Daartoe oriënteert zij zich op een vorm, die de oorspronkelijke gestalte present stelt: in het jodendom de Thora, in het christendom Christus, in het boeddhisme Boeddha, in de islam Mohammed".[10]
- ^ In Dutch: "de hemelse lichtsfeer tegenover de duistere wereld van de materie". [14]
- ^ In Dutch: "de kerkelijke tegenover de tijdelijke goederen, het kerkelijk tegenover het wereldlijk gezag, de geestelijke stand tegenover de lekenstand".[15]
- ^ In Dutch: "Zuiverheid van motieven, affecties, wilsintenties, innerlijke disposities, de psychologie van het geestelijk leven, de analyse van de gevoelens".[16]
- ^ In Dutch: "Een spiritueel mens is iemand die 'overvloediger en dieper dan de anderen' christen is".[16]
- ^ This reference gave rise to the distinguishing of two forms of jihad: "greater" and "lesser". Some Islamic scholars dispute the authenticity of this reference and consider the meaning of jihad as a holy war to be more important.[41]
- ^ See naturalism
- ^ a b c Koenig 2012, p. 36.
- ^ a b c Cobb 2012, p. 213.
- ^ a b Snyder 2007.
- ^ a b Waaijman 2000, p. 359-360.
- ^ Waaijman 2000.
- ^ a b c Wong 2008.
- ^ a b c d Houtman 2007.
- ^ Sharf 2000.
- ^ Waaijman 2000, p. 424.
- ^ a b c Waaijman 2000, p. 460.
- ^ Saucier 2007.
- ^ Jones, L. G., ""A thirst for god or consumer spirituality? Cultivating disciplined practices of being engaged by god," in L. Gregory Jones and James J. Buckley eds., Spirituality and Social Embodiment, Oxford: Blackwell, 1997, 3-28, p4, n4.
- ^ a b Wong 2009.
- ^ a b Waaijman 2000, p. 360.
- ^ a b Waaijman 2000, p. 360-361.
- ^ a b c d e Waaijman 2000, p. 361.
- ^ Schmidt, Leigh Eric. Restless Souls : The Making of American Spirituality. San Francisco: Harper, 2005. ISBN 0-06-054566-6
- ^ a b Sharf 1995.
- ^ King 2002, p. 93.
- ^ Yelle 2012, p. 338.
- ^ King 2002, p. 135.
- ^ a b c d McMahan 2008.
- ^ a b King 2002.
- ^ Roy 2003.
- ^ Paul Heelas, The New Age Movement: The Celebration of the Self and the Sacralization of Modernity. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996, page 60. Cited in Anthony Giddens: Sociology. Cambridge: Polity, 2001, page 554.
- ^ Michael Hogan (2010). The Culture of Our Thinking in Relation to Spirituality. Nova Science Publishers: New York.
- ^ a b Gorsuch 1999.
- ^ Kabbalah: A very short introduction, Joseph Dan, Oxford University Press, Chapter 1 "The term and its uses"
- ^ Pillars of Islam, Oxford Islamic Studies Online
- ^ Azeemi,K.S., "Muraqaba: The Art and Science of Sufi Meditation". Houston: Plato, 2005. (ISBN 0-9758875-4-8), Pg. xi
- ^ Alan Godlas, University of Georgia, Sufism's Many Paths, 2000, University of Georgia
- ^ Nuh Ha Mim Keller, "How would you respond to the claim that Sufism is Bid'a?", 1995. Fatwa accessible at: Masud.co.uk
- ^ Zubair Fattani, "The meaning of Tasawwuf", Islamic Academy. Islamicacademy.org
- ^ Hawting, Gerald R. (2000). The first dynasty of Islam: The Umayyad Caliphate AD 661-750. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-24073-5. See Google book search.
- ^ Ahmed Zarruq, Zaineb Istrabadi, Hamza Yusuf Hanson—"The Principles of Sufism". Amal Press. 2008.
- ^ An English translation of Ahmad ibn Ajiba's biography has been published by Fons Vitae.
- ^ a b Morgan & 2010 87.
- ^ "Jihad". Retrieved 20 February 2012.
- ^ Jihad and the Islamic Law of War
- ^ Rudolph Peters, Islam and Colonialism. The doctrine of Jihad in Modern History (Mouton Publishers, 1979), p. 118
- ^ a b "Jihad". BBC. 2009-08-03.
- ^ Fayd al-Qadir vol.4 pg. 511
- ^ V. S. Apte. A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary. p. 979.
- ^ Flood, Gavin. An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1996. pp. 92, 156, 160, 167. ISBN 0-521-43878-0.
- ^ http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Sadhana
- ^ Bhattacharyya, N. N. History of the Tantric Religion. Second Revised Edition. (Manohar: New Delhi, 1999) p. 174. ISBN 81-7304-025-7
- ^ Iyengar, B.K.S. (1993, 2002). Light on the Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali. Hammersmith, London, UK: Thorsons. ISBN 978-0-00-714516-4 p.22
- ^ Matthieu Ricard has said this in a talk.
- ^ Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 503, entry for "Bhāvanā," retrieved 9 Dec 2008 from "U. Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.2:1:3558.pali.
- ^ Monier-Williams (1899), p. 755, see "Bhāvana" and "Bhāvanā," retrieved 9 Dec 2008 from "U. Cologne" at http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/MWScanpdf/mw0755-bhAvodaya.pdf.
- ^ Nyanatiloka (1980), p. 67.
- ^ Otterloo 2012, p. 240.
- ^ Otterloo 2012, p. 239, 240.
- ^ a b Hanegraaff 1996, p. 97.
- ^ Hanegraaff 1996.
- ^ Renard 2010.
- ^ Philip Sheldrake, A Brief History of Spirituality, Wiley-Blackwell 2007 p. 1-2
- ^ Ewert Cousins, preface to Antoine Faivre and Jacob Needleman, Modern Esoteric Spirituality, Crossroad Publishing 1992.
- ^ a b c Dalai Lama, Ethics for the New Millennium, NY:Riverhead Books, 1999
- ^ Wilkinson, Tony (2007). The lost art of being happy : spirituality for sceptics. Findhorn: Findhorn Press. ISBN 1844091163.
- ^ Browner, Matthieu Ricard ; translated by Jesse (2003). Happiness: A guide to developing life's most important skill. (1st pbk. ed. ed.). New York: Little Brown. ISBN 0316167258.
- ^ Ellison, Christopher G.; Daisy Fan (Sep 2008). "Daily Spiritual Experiences and Psychological Well-Being among US Adults". Social Indicators Research 88 (2): 247–271. JSTOR 27734699.
- ^ Anonymous (1 August 2009). Alcoholics Anonymous: By the Anonymous Press. The Anonymous Press. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-1-892959-16-4. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
- ^ a b Sharf 1995-B.
- ^ a b Hori 1999, p. 47.
- ^ a b c Rambachan 1994.
- ^ Sharf 2000, p. 271.
- ^ Renard 2010, p. 191.
- ^ Sinari 2000.
- ^ Comans 1993.
- ^ Margaret A. Burkhardt and Mary Gail Nagai-Jacobson, Spirituality: living our connectedness, Delmar Cengage Learning, p. xiii
- ^ a b Waaijman 2000, p. 644-645.
- ^ a b c Waaijman 2000, p. 645.
- ^ Seybold, Kevin S.; Peter C. Hill (Feb 2001). "The Role of Religion and Spirituality in Mental and Physical Health". Current Directions in Psychological Science 10 (1): 21–24.
- ^ Gascoigne, John (1988). Cambridge in the Age of the Enlightenment: Science, Religion and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 300.
- ^ a b c d Brooke, John Hedley (1991). Science and religion: some historical perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Applebaum, Wilbur. Encyclopedia of the scientific revolution: from Copernicus to Newton Volume 1800 of Garland reference library of the humanities. Psychology Press, 2000 ISBN 0-8153-1503-1, ISBN 978-0-8153-1503-2
- ^ R. Cruz Begay, MPH, DrPH, Science And Spirituality March 2003, Vol 93, No. 3 | American Journal of Public Health 363 American Public Health Association
- ^ Clarke, Steve. Naturalism, Science, and the Supernatural in Sophia From the issue entitled "Special APRA Issue" Volume 48, Number 2, 127-142, doi:10.1007/s11841-009-0099-2
- ^ Dawkins, R. (1986). The blind watchmaker. New York: Norton.
- ^ Stroud, B. (2004). The charm of naturalism. In M. De Caro & D. Macarthur (Eds.), Naturalism in question (pp. 21–35). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- ^ Richardson, W. Mark. Science and the spiritual quest: new essays by leading scientists Psychology Press, 2002 ISBN 0-415-25767-0, ISBN 978-0-415-25767-1
- ^ Giniger, Kenneth Seeman & Templeton, John. Spiritual evolution: scientists discuss their beliefs. Templeton Foundation Press, 1998. ISBN 1-890151-16-5, ISBN 978-1-890151-16-4
- ^ Capra, Fritjof (1991 (1st ed. 1975)). The Tao of Physics: an exploration of the parallels between modern physics and Eastern mysticism, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications. ISBN 0-87773-594-8
- ^ Laszlo, Ervin, "CosMos:A Co-creator's Guide to the Whole World", Hay House, Inc, 2008, ISBN 1-4019-1891-3, pg. 53-58
- ^ Sheremer, Michael, Quantum Quackery in Scientific American (January 2005), 292, 34. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0105-34
- ^ Silverman, Mark P. Quantum superposition: counterintuitive consequences of coherence, entanglement, and interference Frontiers collection. Springer, 2008 ISBN 3-540-71883-4, ISBN 978-3-540-71883-3. p. 25
- ^ Alper, Matthew, The "God" Part of the Brain: A Scientific Interpretation of Human Spirituality and God Sourcebooks, Inc., 2008 ISBN 1-4022-1452-9, ISBN 978-1-4022-1452-3
- ^ Talan, Jamie Science Probes Spirituality February/March 2006: Scientific American Mind. [1]
- ^ Afton N. Kapuscinski & Kevin S. Masters (2010). "The current status of measures of spirituality: A critical review of scale development". Psychology of Religion and Spirituality (American Psychological Association) 2 (4): 191–205. doi:10.1037/a0020498. ISSN 1941-1022.
- ^ Masters, K.S.; Spielmans, G.I (2007). "Prayer and health: review, meta-analysis, and research agenda". Journal of Behavioral Medicine 30 (4): 329–338. doi:10.1007/s10865-007-9106-7. PMID 17487575.
Published sources[edit]
- Cobb, Mark R.; Puchalski, Christina M.; Rumbold, Bruce (2012), Oxford Textbook of Spirituality in Healthcare
- Comans, Michael (2000), The Method of Early Advaita Vedānta: A Study of Gauḍapāda, Śaṅkara, Sureśvara, and Padmapāda, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass
- Gorsuch, R.L.; Miller, W. R. (1999), Assessing spirituality. In W. R. Miller (Ed), Integrating spirituality into treatment (pp. 47-64), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
- Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (1996), New Age Religion and Western Culture. Esotericism in the mirror of Secular Thought, Leiden/New York/Koln: E.J. Brill
- Hori, Victor Sogen (1999), Translating the Zen Phrase Book. In: Nanzan Bulletin 23 (1999)
- Houtman, Dick; Aupers, Stef (2007), "The Spiritual Turn and the Decline of Tradition: The Spread of Post-Christian Spirituality in 14 Western Countries, 1981-2000", Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (2007) 46 (3): 305-320
- King, Richard (2002), Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and "The Mystic East", Routledge
- Koenig, Harold; King, Dana; Carson, Verna B. (2012), Handbook of Religion and Health, Oxford UP
- McMahan, David L. (2008), The Making of Buddhist Modernism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780195183276
- Morgan, Diane (2010), Essential Islam: a comprehensive guide to belief and practice, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 0-313-36025-1
- Otterloo, Anneke; Aupers, Stef; Houtman, Dick (2012), "Trajectories to the New Age. The spiritual turn of the first generation of Dutch New Age teachers", Social Compass 59(2) p. 239–256 (SAGE)
- Rambachan, Anatanand (1994), The Limits of Scripture: Vivekananda's Reinterpretation of the Vedas, University of Hawaii Press
- Renard, Philip (2010), Non-Dualisme. De directe bevrijdingsweg, Cothen: Uitgeverij Juwelenschip
- Roy, Sumita (2003), Aldous Huxley And Indian Thought, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd
- Saucier, Gerard; Katarzyna Skrzypinska (1 October 2006). "Spiritual But Not Religious? Evidence for Two Independent Dispositions". Journal Of Personality 74 (5): 1257–1292. JSTOR 27734699.
- Sharf, Robert H. (1995-B), "Buddhist Modernism and the Rhetoric of Meditative Experience", NUMEN, vol.42 (1995)
- Sharf, Robert H. (2000), The Rhetoric of Experience and the Study of Religion. In: Journal of Consciousness Studies, 7, No. 11-12, 2000, pp. 267-87
- Sinari, Ramakant (2000), Advaita and Contemporary Indian Philosophy. In: Chattopadhyana (gen.ed.), "History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization. Volume II Part 2: Advaita Vedanta", Delhi: Centre for Studies in Civilizations
- Snyder, C.R.; Lopez, Shane J. (2007), Positive Psychology, Sage Publications, Inc., ISBN 0-7619-2633-X
- Waaijman, Kees (2000), Spiritualiteit. Vormen, grondslagen, methoden, Kampen/Gent: Kok/Carmelitana
- Wong, Yuk-Lin Renita; Vinsky, Jana (2009), "Speaking from the Margins: A Critical Reflection on the 'Spiritual-but-not-Religious' Discourse in Social Work", British Journal of Social Work (2009) 39, pp.1343-1359
- ^ a b Stanford Encyclopdeia of Philosophy, Transcendentalism
- ^ a b c d Jone John Lewis, What is Transcendentalism?"
- ^ Barry Andrews, THE ROOTS OF UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST SPIRITUALITY IN NEW ENGLAND TRANSCENDENTALISM
- ^ Frank Morales, Neo-Vedanta: The problem with Hindu Universalism
- ^ Newsweek/Beliefnet Poll Results
- ^ Robert H. Sharf, Whose Zen? Zen Nationalism Revisited
- ^ Hu Shih: Ch'an (Zen) Buddhism in China. Its History and Method
Further reading[edit]
Traditional spirituality[edit]
- Kees Waaijman, Spirituality: forms, foundations,methods. Leuven: Peeters
- Downey, Michael. Understanding Christian Spirituality. New York: Paulist Press, 1997.
Modern spirituality[edit]
- Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (1996), New Age Religion and Western Culture. Esotericism in the mirror of Secular Thought, Leiden/New York/Koln: E.J. Brill
American spirituality
- Eck, Diana L. A New Religious America. San Francisco: Harper, 2001.
- Schmidt, Leigh Eric. Restless Souls : The Making of American Spirituality. San Francisco: Harper, 2005. ISBN 0-06-054566-6
- Carrette, Jeremy R.; King, Richard (2005), Selling Spirituality: The Silent Takeover of Religion, Taylor & Francis Group
External links[edit]
Wikiversity has learning materials about Spirituality |


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WASHINGTON — The Department of Homeland Security and the Internal Revenue Service have joined forces in a bold new partnership to empower Americans to stop terrorism and crime.
Under the banner of the "See Something, Say Something" program, the two agencies will work together to teach citizens ways to help identify potential terrorists or prevent criminals from carrying out their grisly deeds.
Read More

subset: commoncrawl


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Maybe it has something to do with my corporate background (I was in corporate PR for 11 years before I went back to art school). Maybe it is something to do with that I constantly think of myself, a freelance illustrator, as a small business, not more so, but as well as being an 'artist'.
When FastCompany called me for a double page opener, I got really excited. Then I took subway down to their beautiful office in World Trade Center overlooking WTC Memorial for a meeting, and soon realized what I got myself into! It turned out to be, as far as I can remember every editorial job I have done in past ten years, the most complicated piece I would ever end up working on.
I will show you the result first.


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Home > News > Jefferson Researchers Find Nanoparticle Shows Promise
November 15th, 2005
Jefferson Researchers Find Nanoparticle Shows Promise
Abstract: Using transparent zebrafish embryos, researchers at Jefferson Medical College have shown that a microscopic nanoparticle can help fend off damage to normal tissue from radiation. The nanoparticle, a soccer ball-shaped, hollow, carbon-based structure known as a fullerene, acts like an �oxygen sink,� binding to dangerous oxygen radicals produced by radiation.
Source:Jefferson Medical College
Possible Futures
Lifeboat publishes its first book: The Lifeboat Foundation has published its first book, "The Human Race to the Future: What Could Happen -- and What to Do" May 14th, 2013
UC Santa Barbara History Professor's Book Elucidates, Celebrates �Visioneers' May 14th, 2013
Conceptual Nanomedical Lipofuscin Removal Strategy April 29th, 2013
The Global Desalination Market 2013-2023 April 24th, 2013
Nanotechnology could help fight diabetes: Injectable nanogel can monitor blood-sugar levels and secrete insulin when needed May 16th, 2013
Nanobiotix Revenue for the 1st quarter of 2013 May 15th, 2013
Pitt Chemists Demonstrate Nanoscale Alloys So Bright They Could Have Potential Medical Applications: �Think about a particle that will not only help researchers detect cancer sooner but be used to treat the tumor, too.� May 15th, 2013
Using clay to grow bone: Researchers use synthetic silicate to stimulate stem cells into bone cells May 15th, 2013
Advancements and developments of solid-state nanopores sensors May 16th, 2013
Physicists discover a new kind of friction: Friction in the nano-world May 16th, 2013
Squishy hydrogels may be the ticket for studying biological effects of nanoparticles May 15th, 2013
Aspen Aerogels Announces $22.5 Million Private Placement May 18th, 2013
NanoInk, Inc. Assets To Be Sold May 18th, 2013
NIA Public Briefing: Nanotechnology and the Council of Europe May 17th, 2013
Scientists capture first direct proof of Hofstadter butterfly effect May 17th, 2013


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50 years of courtside seats at Mundelein HS
Jim Ackley is overcome with emotion Dec. 4 as the crowd acknowledges his 50 years of working with the Mundelein High School basketball program. | Darrell Harmon~for Sun-Times Media
Article Extras
Updated: January 14, 2013 6:10AM
MUNDELEIN — After 50 years as the boys basketball scorekeeper at Mundelein High School, the school decided to honor Jim Ackley by retiring the No. 50.The announcement came prior to a Dec. 4 game against Lake Zurich. Ackley was given a custom jersey and trophy, while all players, coaches and family wore custom T-shirts honoring Ackley's contributions. He was also recently inducted into the Lake County Hall of Fame.
Q: Why did you first start score-keeping at MHS?
A: I was the eighth-grade basketball coach at Carl Sandburg Middle School. When Mundelein High School opened in 1962, some of my students were sent there. Sandburg's principal, John Kazarian, and I wanted to see our kids, so he would do the varsity games and I did the sophomore games. It was real fun. By 1964, he stopped all together, and I've been doing all levels solo ever since. I have only missed two games: one away and one home. One was in 1998 and one was in 1999. I went to fundraisers instead.
Q: Why did you keep going for so long?
A: I just love the game. You get the best seat in the house: courtside right at midcourt. It doesn't get any better. In addition to keeping score, I go to every state finals tournament. I only missed one tournament since 1961. I was fortunate enough to be the official scorekeeper in 1993 and 1994 down in Champaign.
Q: Do you have any other basketball experience?
A: I played a little in high school, but none in college. I didn't even play intramural ball during those college years. While I was a science teacher at Carl Sandburg, I coached for five years. When I became principal in 1964-65, I stopped coaching. The time commitment as principal was too great and those kids work so hard, they deserved someone who could completely invest in them.
Q: Throughout your time at MHS, what has been your most memorable team?
A: The 1994 team under Coach Dennis Kessel. His son was playing, and it was an outstanding team. You can't forget that season because they lost to Libertyville in a triple overtime sectional final game in Waukegan. This Libertyville kid made a remarkable buzzer-beater to win. The shot was spectacular but heartbreaking for the Mundelein kids who fought hard from beginning to end. Libertyville finished fourth in state that year.
Q: How has high school basketball changed since you started in 1962?
A: It has improved greatly. The game is faster, the kids are more athletic and coaches have learned to teach in new ways — like watching game footage. The three-point play put a lot of excitement into the game too. If a player gets wrapped up by a defender, he has five seconds to get rid of the ball or else his team loses possession. That rule made scores soar because teams used to stall and hold the ball for five minutes straight. Eliminating jump balls on dual possession was another good change. Not all teams have height, so alternating in bounces is more fair.
Q: What is or was your favorite team to watch?
A: I'm not much of a pro basketball guy. The Bulls and Bucks are OK, but I prefer to watch high school basketball first and foremost. Mundelein being my favorite, and then I'll watch college ball. Watching Jerry Lucas play in the 1950s was a real treat. Him with Bob Knight and John Havlicek created a solid Ohio State team. Since then, I've favored Duke and North Carolina. Illinois has had some good teams.


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natural world: 25/50 of 571
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Are captive tuna farms a viable alternative to overfishing?
Tom Edathikunnel
22nd August, 2012
The Kindai tuna, bred by scientists at Kinki University, may lead the way for future large-scale tuna farms. Tom Edathikunnel investigates whether the idea really is preferable to overfishing more...Texaco's pollution of Ecuador's indigenous lands brought to light in new DVD
Nicola Peel
8th August, 2012
Nicola Peel talks about her new DVD, Blood of the Amazon, telling of her travels through the rainforest and her investigations on the effects of reckless oil drilling on indigenous communities more...Congo's rangers locate first mountain gorilla families in rebel-held territory
The Ecologist
7th August, 2012
Rangers have detected gorilla families in Virunga National Park for the first time since fighting broke out between M23 rebels and government forces earlier this year more...New EU fish reforms anger artisan fishermen
Victor Paul Borg
31 July, 2012
More than seven out of ten edible marine species in the EU are over-fished and coastal communities are dying. So you might think new draft reforms would help reverse this trend. Not so, says Victor Paul Borg, who investigates the impact of changes that the community fishermen themselves do not want more...VIDEO: UK tourists fuelling brutal live elephant trade between Burma & Thailand
The Ecologist
23rd July, 2012
An illegal cross-border trade in endangered wild Asian elephants to serve Thailand's tourist industry is threatening the future of the species, an undercover investigation by the Ecologist Film Unit (EFU) has revealed more...Why the best world-changing ideas begin in your neighbourhood
John-Paul Flintoff
22nd May, 2012
Your ideas for changing the world may be desperately important. But if you can't find a way to engage the interests of the people around you they may never take off, argues John-Paul Flintoff more...How rhino horn poaching fuels criminal gangs in UK and Europe
Anna Taylor
18th May, 2012
Rhino poaching hits record high as criminal gangs target museums and exhibitions in UK and Europe to cash in on lucrative trade more...Coffee farmers in Peru look to carbon market to fund climate adaptation
Matilda Lee
14th May, 2012
Coffee brands' project aims to stop slash and burn farming by linking local reforestation to the international carbon market. Matilda Lee reports from Peru more...The global cost of China's destruction of the 'roof of the world'
Sylvia Downes
11th May, 2012
China's least talked about crime against Tibet is the damage to the Tibetan plateau: dams, deforestation, mining, poaching and the dumping of nuclear waste. And it is impacting on all of us more...Liu Jianqiang: fighting for environmental justice in China
Tom Levitt
11th May, 2012
Tom Levitt speaks to one of China's most respected investigative journalists Liu Jianqiang on the rise of environmental activism in China more...Learning from the Octopus
Rachael Stubbins
3rd May, 2012
Did you know that the humble octopus can teach us how to prevent security threats or deal with natural catastrophes? Nor did Rachael Stubbins until she read Rafe Sagarin's new book more...Activists return to defend Tasmania's forests as logging resumes
Ollie Milman
27th April, 2012
An agreement that would end 30 years of verbal, and often physical, confrontation over the future of the forests in the Australian state of Tasmania is teetering on the edge of collapse. Ollie Milman reports more...
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The dark side of soya: how one super crop lost its way
Amy Hall
1st May, 2012
A decade ago, soya was being hailed as a superfood but in recent years, numerous issues surrounding deforestation and its impact on health have come to light more...The Peregrine
Mark Newton
26th April, 2012
A masterpiece of nature writing, J.A. Baker's 'The Peregrine' is well worth revisiting, says Mark Newton, not just for the prose but also to help us re-engage with the natural world more...
TAKE ACTION to end cosmetic testing on animals
Mark Briggs
24th April, 2012
Lush Cosmetics have teamed up with the Humane Society International to launch a campaign to ensure long-awaited proposals banning products tested on animals outside the EU are fully enforced more...Evgenia Chirikova: 'Putinomics' the biggest threat to Russia's environmental movement
19th April, 2012
'We all live in Khimki Forest' has become the rallying cry of a local forest defense campaign. Goldman Prize winner Evgenia Chirikova describes what it's like to be green in Russia the why a culture of impunity and corruption risks destroying the country's natural heritage more...Six reasons to become an urban beekeeper
Zion Lights
19th April, 2012
Urban beekeeping will help boost the UK's declining bee population. Here are six reasons to get involved more...CAMPAIGN HERO: Martín von Hildebrand on indigenous rights in the Colombian Amazon
Mark Briggs
13th April. 2012
The veteran campaigner talks to the Ecologist about the ongoing struggle to secure indigenous land rights and how he successfully took the Colombian government to court more...TAKE ACTION: Support Friends of the Earth's National Bee Action Plan
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11th April, 2012
In China, pear trees have had to be pollinated by hand after bees were wiped out by industrial farming. Now FOE have launched a petition to get the UK government to help halt the decline in Britain's own bee population more...TAKE ACTION to protect 'free from' labelling on skincare products
Mark Briggs
10th April, 2012
Knowing what isn't in a beauty product can be as important as knowing what is. New EU legislation threatens to restrict the 'free from' term on skincare labels but Neal's Yard Remedies say this penalises those that go out of their way to ensure products are safe more...On Stevenson's trail: honey and horses in the Cévennes
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11th April, 2012
Robert Louis Stevenson's account of his epic 1879 journey through the Cévennes is one of the high points of travel literature but as Ruth Styles found out, there's still plenty to be discovered more...Cruel or eco-friendly: is fur the ultimate sustainable material?
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10th April, 2012
Renewable, natural and long-lasting, some claim that it's time for us to take another look at real fur - or maybe even embrace it. But as Ruth Stokes found out, not everyone is convinced more...Namibia's 'cruel' seal hunt sparks calls for tourism boycott
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12th April, 2012
In the lead up to the new seal hunting season, activists have expressed dismay over the failure of Namibia to halt its annual slaughter of 91,000 Cape Fur sealsmore...
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11th April, 2012
Can national parks and marine protected areas safeguard endangered wildlife against the growing pressures of population growth and climate change? more...Why jeans buck the fast-fashion phenomenon
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Denim has been in fashion since the early 19th century, which is why it is in the ultimate 'slow fashion' statement. Wear yours worn and ragged, and the older the better argues Sophie Woodward more...Members
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Standards / Annual Book of ASTM Standards The 80+ volume Annual Book of ASTM Standards contains ASTM's 12,000+ standards and is available in print, CD-ROM and Online formats (learn more about format options). The volumes can be purchased individually, as a section (at a 25% discount) or as the complete 80+ volume set (at a 50% discount). More Information
- 2013 Section: 08 Plastics |


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The Thermo Scientific* TruNarc* analyzer is a handheld Raman analyzer for rapid identification of suspected narcotics without direct contact for most samples. A single test for multiple controlled substances provides law enforcement with clear, definitive results for presumptive identification.
Lightweight and easy to use, the TruNarc device delivers fast and accurate narcotics analysis anywhere it's needed.


text:
From ISBoxer
This page has been marked as a stub, having little or no useful content. This marking means it will probably get updated soon!Aion is a MMORPG by NCSoft. Aion is fully supported by the ISBoxer multiboxing software!
As of April 25, 2012, current parameters for aion.bin are:
- US Servers
- -ip:220.127.116.11 -port:2106 -cc:1 -noauthgg -noweb -lang:enu
- EU Servers
- <unknown>
See Also


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Sylvan Pontoon Boats
From thirlling performance, to lavish comfort to stylish lighting, the extraordinary 2013 Mandaly is a new pontoon for a new generation. -
Make a powerful statement with the high-performance 2013 Signature. The Signature series turns heads wherever you cruise, with its sleek, contemporary styling. Rounded fronts, custom consoles and oversized sundecks accent the quality and comfort you expect from a Sylvan pontoon. -
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Mirage Fish
Great fishing and family fun come together in 2013 Sylvan Mirage Fish Lineup. Serious anglers get serious amenities and plenty of elbow room, while the whole family will enjoy the excitement of cruising and watersports.


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Store > KBTILEDE
KBTILEDE 0 remaining Tiles in Motion - Confetti Celebration - Slate Blue/GoldUS $8.50
Lilac, Cerulean Blue, Royal Blue, Sapphire, Slate Blue, Gold MetallicAn explosion of confetti squares float down over a tonal ground. In addition to their color and sense of movement these confetti squares will bring a sense of jubilation and extravagance with their gold metallic etching. Larger confetti pieces are about 5/16", with gold metallic, from the 'Tiles in Motion' collection by Kona Bay.
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Saturday, 18 August 2012
Our Weakness is Our Gift to God
Then the men of David swore to him, saying, "You shall go out no more with us to battle, lest you quench the lamp of Israel." 2 Samuel 21:17
It is strange to know that even when we grow old the Enemy will still attack us, when one becomes a senior citizen in faith or in age one does not receive a discount on 'enemy attacks'. We seem to think that only the youth are at risk because they have so much to lose (and they dress weird). Thus his focus should be on them, but as the number of candles increases on our birthday cakes his attempts at our faith don't slow down. A young David faced the giant Goliath, while an older David now faces four giants.
The Philistines rise again to challenge Israel, in war David now faces four giants who attack in full force. The giant champion has his eyes on David. Before David was king he was a great captain, leading countless campaigns always in victory. Songs were made about him. His fame only grew from once being the boy who killed Goliath to being one of the mightiest men of war Israel ever saw. Today we find an old David, an old King still going on to the battle field. The giant by the name Ishbi-benob learns of David's frail state and focuses on slaying him. Abishai comes to David's aid and the giant is put to death. The men of Israel plead for David not to go into battle anymore, that his light not be erased. Israel goes on to defeat the next tree giants. One of them being Goliath's brother.
Here we have David being defeated by his age, still young at heart wanting to lead his men in battle his body is no longer as agile, his movements slower and reactions delayed. He is old. It seems that when we get older you even make up sore, you just slept for eight hours and you still wake up sore? Your body craves caffeine like never before, so before our first cup of coffee we already had two just in order to get that first one. Our bodies' age and so does our faith.
As one weakens with age the other should grow in strength. I think one of the biggest struggles as a believer is not allowing the Christian Moral Law to become a religion. One can find himself attempting to complete life without sin. The Christian Moral Law is above any other, not because it is better or has a bigger list. It is above because it is impossible to achieve. So we set the bar a little bellow our best examples and point at others for not being as high as us. We point out their weaknesses and grade sin while managing to make our own sin only look bad on others. We face giants with our own strength, at least we believe we can. One day we find ourselves believing that this Moral Law is the only path to Christ.
Our best achievements when put next to the Christian Moral Law shows how weak, fragile, selfish, greedy, thankless, ungrateful and helpless we really are. It shows how far we are from Christ. This law also shows His grace towards us, that this Grace can cover any distance. It can take years of faith for us to understand and apply that our weakness is our gift to God. Whatever method He might use (stuck in traffic?) to expose our imperfections His Grace is the same. His love is the same. In our weakness His strength, love and Grace is revealed. When we give Him our weakness, we give Him our best and worse, we give Him ourselves.
In the life that David lived, his mistakes and triumphs each had the ability to paralyze him. His mistakes if not dealt with would have made him a different man who 'once had a heart after God', while his triumphs if held as his personal victories and not God's would have given us a very pride filled king who's heart was only after personal glory. The fact that David's men can themselves face giants like their king once did is a testimony to the type of leader David was. Those near David knew his heart.
As we look back on our faith and see the several Goliath's who have fallen, we must not allow our standing to be seen as strength. It should reveal our weakness and His strength. The smallest wind can blow out a candle, while a candle cannot even light itself. We are that fragile, weak imperfect creatures who are perfectly loved. This understanding should reflect on how we love and deal with all the fellow weak helpless candles near us. I know that my heart is not as grateful as it should be and those near me see that. When anyone thinks of believers, we should be most grateful weak people on earth. Perfect kindness, Grace and love have been given to us, how can we not live with thankful hearts?
When have you, in your weakness, shown strength in God? How does weakness as you grow older change the way you live out your faith? Does your faith grow stronger as you age?
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Hi Eric
Our new web site lookboard.com is a site that has been up and running a few months. We would like to talk with VC to see if there would be interest in investing, If you can help in any way please let us know
Are there any upcoming events for this group
Thanks for organizing the MongoDB event, Eric. It was pretty awesome!
Hi. What industry are you at?
Eric, Great to have you. Thanks for joining the CI group. Whenever you have a chance take the time to vote or contribute to the ideas board. Hope to see you soon!


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Back in May, a major study, California's Energy Future — the View to 2050, was released by an independent state science and technology advisory panel. It had two central findings:
- California can achieve emissions roughly 60% below 1990 levels with technology we largely know about today if such technology is rapidly deployed at rates that are aggressive but feasible.
- We could further reduce 2050 greenhouse gas emissions to 80% below 1990 levels with significant innovation and advancements in multiple technologies that eliminate emissions from fuels. All of these solutions would require intensive and sustained investment in new technologies plus innovation to bridge from the laboratory to reliable operating systems in relatively short timeframes.
This report is an incredibly strong endorsement of the "deploy, deploy, deploy, research & develop, deploy, deploy, deploy," strategy that I and others have been advocating. In fact, the report explicitly states that failing to adopt "Aggressive efficiency measures for buildings, industry and transportation" and "Aggressive electrification to avoid fossil fuel use" would "significantly increase the 2050 emissions."
Amazingly, Revkin asserts the exact opposite in "A Reality Check on Ambitious Climate Targets." Certainly misreporting on energy and climate in the NY Times is legion, as we've seen. But Andy Revkin's latest head-exploding post easily wins the "Charlie Sheen" award.
A leading journalist and climate expert, Robert Collier, debunked Revkin's "real spinning of the report" — see "Sticking the long knives into energy efficiency" (reposted below). It's worth spending some time on this because the report's actual conclusions and implications are very important to understand.
I have long asserted that it is not possible to make a positive contribution to the climate debate if you don't spell out what your emissions or temperature target (or range) is. Revkin's post proves that conclusively, as I will show.
Revkin's glass-is-one-tenth-empty caption: "An analysis finds that California will not meet its climate target for 2050 even with a wartime-scale push on energy efficiency and installing non-polluting technologies like these solar panels in a housing subdivision in Rocklin."
Revkin claims in his post:
Given that California is a best-case scenario* compared to other states (and, of course, countries) far more dependent on coal, Long's piece and the underlying report pose a strong challenge to those calling for a "deploy, deploy, deploy" approach to cutting climate risks.
This is a link to – and swipe at — me, needless to say.
Blunder number one is for Revkin to assert the report challenges the aggressive deployment strategy for meeting ambitious climate targets. Quite the reverse. The report makes clear that without aggressive deployment, the target can't possibly be reached.
Revkin added the asterisk (*) because, buried way, way at the bottom of his post is this Postcript,
In a Twitter reaction, Alan Nogee, the former clean-energy program director for the Union of Concerned Scientists, noted that California's lack of coal dependence makes it more a worst case than a best case, because it doesn't have a lot of coal emissions that might be relatively easily displaced.
Duh. Rather than an asterisk, Revkin should simply remove his misleading error.
The fact is that California has been pushing efficiency and low-carbon electricity aggressively since the 1970s. It is considerably more efficient in its use of energy than almost every other state. For a long time now the CO2 intensity of its electricity (CO2/Mwh) has been nearly half that of the rest of the nation. So obviously the rest of the country — which is far more coal-intensive and inefficient — has considerably more low-hanging fruit for emissions reductions.
That's blunder two.
Blunder three is really the most amazing and amusing.


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CES 2012: Use A Smartphone To Open Your Garage Door
By connecting a radio transmitter directly to a residential router, Liftmaster makes it possible to remote control garage doors and houselights from smartphones and tablets. Garage door openers? Yes. There's an app for that.So now, after visiting Liftmaster at CES 2012, I know why I'm a journalist and others (like the folks at Liftmaster) are the ones making cool things possible; like iPhone controlled garage door openers for mortals. Here in Las Vegas, as can be seen from the embedded video below, at a pre-CES press-only briefing, Liftmaster was showing off a new garage door opener that can be remotely controlled by an iOS device (iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch), an Android device, or a BlackBerry
So, how did Liftmaster do it? As can be seen in the embedded video, Liftmaster has done something pretty clever. The garage door opener does in-fact have to be connected to the home network. But instead of trying to find a way to configure the garage door opener for a WiFi connection (or for a hard-wired Ethernet connection), Liftmaster uses a radio transmitter that connects directly to a residential router over hard-wired Ethernet. That transmitter then wirelessly exchanges signals with the garage door opener (which has its own radio). It's not significantly different than the way most visor-mounted garage-door opener remotes work over a wireless frequency. The difference is that the "remote" is mounted to a home router instead of a car's visor.
Then, the Liftmaster app that runs on your smartphone or a tablet communicates directly with that home router-mounted remote. Unlike today's simple visor-mounted remotes that can open a garage door, close the door, or toggle the opener's lights from a short distance, Liftmaster's smartphone and tablet apps can work from anywhere (so long as they have a connection to the Internet) and they can detect the current state of a garage door (whether it is open or closed and how long it has been in either state). According to the company's marketing manager Beth Bjorlo, the app can also be used to toggle house lights on and off.
In addition to supporting iOS, BlackBerry, and Android with custom written apps, there's also a mobile web application that makes it possible to remotely access all the controls through a Web browser. For example, this approach might come in handy if you have a Windows Phone because, on the Windows Phone platform, there isn't an app for that.


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By RACHEL C. DOVE
Staff Writer
WILLIAMSON - A report of child abuse is made every ten seconds.
More than five children die every day as a result of child abuse. Approximately 80 percent of children that die from abuse are under the age of 4. It is estimated that between 50 and 60 percent of child fatalities due to maltreatment are not recorded as such on the death certificate.
More than 90 percent of juvenile sex abuse victims know their perpetrator in some way. Child abuse occurs at every socioeconomic level, across ethnic lines, within all religions and at all levels of education. Approximately 30 percent of abused and neglected children will later abuse their own children, continuing the horrible cycle of abuse. Eighty percent of 21-year-olds that were abused as children met criteria for at least one psychological disorder. The estimated cost of child abuse and neglect in the U.S. for 2008 was $124 million.
To say these statistics provided by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services are alarming would be a tremendous understatement.
The month of April has been designated as National Child Abuse Awareness and Prevention Month. A proclamation was recently signed by members of the Mingo County Commission to show their support for the children who reside within the county and also to acknowledge the efforts of law enforcement, child protective service (CPS) workers and all others who strive to prevent the abuse from occurring, and for serving as protectors for those too young to have a voice.
Thursday afternoon, a crowd of supporters met at the Williamson office of the West Virginia DHHR to join their employees and the students of the Williamson Christian School to walk in a parade through the town in recognition and support of Child Abuse Prevention Month.
Each participant was given a blue and silver pinwheel, the new symbol of child abuse and neglect prevention nationwide. Following the conclusion of the parade that ended at the Mingo County Courthouse on Second Avenue, the pinwheels were placed in the lawn of the courthouse, where they will remain until the month of April comes to an end. Nearly 900,000 pinwheels have been displayed across the U.S. since April of 2008.
Amy Martin, Director of the Family Resource Network and Geannie Curry, CPS Supervisor for the Mingo County DHHR, spearheaded the parade, and were pleased with the turn out for the event.
"We want to express our appreciation to everyone who took the time to be a part of the walk with us," said Curry. "Child abuse is a wide-spread epidemic that has touched far too many lives in our county, our state and our nation.
"We hold this event to bring awareness to this cause, and we can't emphasize how important it is to step up, report child abuse and take a stand for these children who are being mistreated," commented Martin.
"All children deserve the right to live in an environment without fear or pain."
Martin pointed out a statement from James M. Hmurovich, President and CEO of Prevent Child Abuse America, that is printed on the literature distributed in hopes of encouraging the public to do their part to protect children from becoming the victims of abuse. It reads as follows:
"There is only one time when it is essential to awaken. That time is now."
Both Curry and Martin said a special thank you to the students, teachers and administrators of the Williamson Christian School for participating in the parade, and for allowing the luncheon for those who joined their cause to be held inside their facility.
Several county officials participated in the walk for abuse, and praised the efforts of the event organizers that invest their time and effort into assuring the abuse of children is brought to the attention of the public.
"As the county prosecuting attorney, I can do my best to make sure the defendants found guilty of the abuse against a child are punished and held responsible for their crime," said C. Michael Sparks. "However; without the CPS workers and law enforcement doing a thorough investigation and making the arrests, the conviction wouldn't be possible.
"I applaud the efforts of these workers for putting the safety and welfare of the children of our county at the top of their list of priorities.
"Nothing affects me more than a case that involves the mistreatment or the death of a child that cannot defend itself against their perpetrator," said Sparks.
This is the third year the DHHR had held the awareness walk in Williamson, and the second year they have conducted the flag raising ceremony with the child abuse awareness flag in each municipality within the county.
For more information regarding Child Abuse and Awareness Month, contact the Mingo County DHHR at 304-234-4680.


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I have been trying to connect to IM+ since last night via 3G and WiFi, however IM+ just sits on 'connecting' and never connects. I am able to connect with no issues on my iPhone but not on my iPad.
I am now able to connect to everything except msn, msn still sits on connecting and never connects.
I have uninstalled and reinstalled the application twice, no change. I have also removed the msn account and readded it several times, no change.
I have also bought the Pro version, and am having the same issue on it.
I have started getting an error after it sits on connecting for a good 45 minutes, stating the 'connection failed' (I have a screen shot I can send).


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Weight Loss
Effective Weight Loss at Slimming Clinics
Personal Approach to your Weight Loss
NSC weight loss programmes are tailored to your individual needs, goals and your lifestyle. You will receive a personal, one-to-one treatment with qualified experienced Doctor, plus, you will be supported by our knowledgeable, friendly and supportive staff members whenever you need it.
At our slimming clinics you will learn how to change your lifestyle and eat healthily, which will benefit not only you, but also your family members. Your slimming plan will be based on the 'everyday foods' that you can buy in the supermarket.
Weekly Consultations with the Doctor
During the programme you will visit one of our doctors every week to make sure you are making progress including a weigh-in, dietary check and consultation.
Although it is not necessary to attend consultations weekly, we advise you to do so because this way you will be given the motivation, support and encouragement you need.


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MillionLooks is the ultimate source for everything fashion-related - fashion news, fashion shows, fashion trends, and hottest celebrity looks. We also gather the latest fashion collections, editorials and celebrity magazine covers here so look no further for inspiration and advice on what to wear and how to look your absolute best.
Wow, nice fashion site. I like Cannes Film Festival. It is attractive to me. Thanks for sharing...
Lopez has the most beautiful and sexy body……!!
this was amsing
I LOVE YOU CANDICE!!! from the Philippines!
Id love to saunter around in one of these hot tiny bikinis
Fashion Supermodels
- Adriana Lima
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MillionLooks is the ultimate fashion guide that knows and shares everything about fashion-related matter. Hot fashion news, latest fashion trends, and exclusive tips! See the latest fashion designer collections, learn how to choose and wear outfits, shoes and accessories. Find out how to bring up the best from your shape and to make the most of your style! Get the best style tips on celebrity style and get yourself your own with MillionLooks.
- Why Fashion
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- Celebrity Style Guide
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- Girls Talkin Smack
- Front Row View
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- Celebrity Fashion Trends


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Premier Selections Wine Gift Basket
An elegant, keepsake attache that holds a trio of wines & delicious delicacies.
- Description
- Wine Info
- What's Inside
- Shipping
A triple wine case opens to reveal a trio of celebrated wines and award-winning delicacies in a chic keepsake attache.
Gift Includes:
- A trio of prestigious wines: Kendall Jackson Chardonnay, Chateau Ste. Michelle Cabernet Sauvignon, and Wolf Blass Yellow Label Brut Sparkling Wine; please see the Wine Tab for wine reviews.
- Signature Smoked Salmon
- Smoked Gouda Cheese with complimentary Cheese Serving Utensil
- Rosemary & Garlic Crackers
- Bonbons au Chocolat
- Award-Winning Large Vanilla Caramels
- Jalapeno Cheese Biscuits, and more.
- Items are presented in a stylish attache with removable serving tray.
- Includes complimentary scissors for easy opening.
- Arrives decorated with a hand-tied satin ribbon and optional personalized plaque.
Measures 15" x 13" x 7".
Personalize It!
Complete the engraving option during checkout and we'll add an engraved plaque to the chest. Select one or two lines of up to 15 characters per line, or choose an elegant three character monogram.Due to the alcoholic content of this gift, an adult signature is required upon delivery.
Gift #6070 -
This item is In Stock and available to ship Tomorrow,
if ordered by 5:00 pm EDT Thursday June 20th.Standard Delivery $11.95
Upgrade Shipping- 3 Day Express Delivery +$17.00
- 2 Day Express Delivery +$22.00
- Overnight Delivery +$38.00
+ FedEx Adult Signature Fee $4.00
For holiday delivery, GiftTree can hold your gift and have it shipped to arrive anytime. To use this option, select "Ship Later" on the next page.
Due to the alcoholic content of this gift, an adult signature is required upon delivery.
Saraivanov Smoked Salmon Pacific salmon is smoked to perfection for that outstanding taste you know and love. An impressive edible by Saraivanov. 4 oz
J&M Jalapeno Cheese Biscuits A traditional southern favorite combining south-of-the-border zest in a light, crisp biscuit. 2.5 oz
Aaron Bell Crackers Gourmet crackers seasoned with real rosemary and roasted garlic. Crisp and savory. 4 oz
Aaron Bell Wasabi Peas The ultimate snack for those who appreciate a little heat. Sweet green peas are cooked and then coated in wasabi for a crunchy and satisfying snack. 2 oz
Spicy Snack Mix A spicy blend of stars, crisps, twists, and puffs. Perfect for a cocktail party or for an appetizing snack. 2 oz
Almond Roca A consistent customer favorite! This heavenly combination of nuts, chocolate, and buttercrunch is sure to please with every bite. .82 oz
Petit Soleil Bonbons au Chocolat Chocolate covered sunflower seeds with a candy coating in a rainbow of colors. A salty, sweet treat that is difficult to resist! 2 oz
Vanilla Caramels A classic buttery caramel for even the most discerning of caramel conservatives. These large caramels are award-winning confections from Judy's Handmade Candies. 2 oz
Northwoods Smoked Gouda Cheese Subtly smoky and full of flavor, this Wisconsin Gouda is delicious with wine, crackers, and smoked meats. 6 oz
Jumbo Jalapeno Peanuts By Virginia Cocktail Company, these hand-selected and hand-prepared peanuts are from the fields of Virginia where the largest peanuts grow. Covered in a spicy jalapeno seasoning. 4.9 oz
Cheese Spreader A wooden-handled, classic cheese spreader to enhance the enjoyment and easy sharing of the gift.
- Chateau Ste Michelle Cabernet Sauvignon: Ripe, rich, and powerful in flavor, yet beautifully refined to show off delicate plum and blueberry notes. This excellent Cab is versatile with food or enjoyable on its own.
Kendall Jackson Chardonnay: Tropical flavors such as mango and pineapple dance with aromas of peach, apple, and pear. The wine is richly layered and well-balanced with an indulgent, lingering finish.
Wolf Blass Yellow Label Brut Sparkling Wine: This Sparkling Brut is sourced from premium vineyards throughout Australia. The bouquet is a complex balance of fresh fruit while the palate shows delicate green apple and yeast flavors. Crisp and satisfying with a refined acidity.
Average Rating:(18 reviews) write a review
Chronolgically Successful Wine Lover
- Recommended
A thoughtful gift for Dad... June 19, 2013
Received for Father's Day, a wonderful surprise and presentation.
Marines' Mom
- Recommended
A little of everything you love. June 18, 2013
Beautiful Presentation.....This package is really for lover's of spicy food (wasabi, jalape??os). It was really wonderful on Father's day. The look on my son's face as he nibbled his way through it was just wonderful. I have made Gift Tree my main search place for gift's for all occasions'.
- Recommended
Beautifully executed - my beau loved it!! May 5, 2013
- Recommended
My niece stoked with this gift basket April 7, 2013
Just skyped with her yesterday and she was so overwhelmed with this gift. My wife and I are so satisfied with deciding to go through GiftTree.
- Recommended
Appreciated Gift March 29, 2013
- Recommended
Quality and beauty March 22, 2013
This made a lovely wedding present for a nephew out of town. It was of good quality, attractive and had delicious offerings inside!
- Recommended
Fabulous! March 17, 2013
I sent this gift to dear friends celebrating "Life," to take on their cruise vacation. They were absolutely over the top excited. Said the gift was beautiful and nicely packaged.
- Recommended
Ample and Impressive February 28, 2013
I sent this as a "Thank You for Your Hospitality" gift after staying in Chicago for an extended weekend. My hosts were thrilled with the container and with the delightful snacks and wines. I was happy to hear that they enjoyed all aspects of the basket. I would recommend GiftTree to anyone looking for that special gift.
gift giver
Gift comment January 31, 2013
The gift was fine , other than the fact that the engraved plate was off center.
- Recommended
Client gifts December 31, 2012
This item was very nice. The sample I received was well packaged and looked great upon opening. I think our clients will be happy with the gift.
- Recommended
My Happy Friend = Your Happy Customer December 30, 2012
I ordered this product for a friend who was having a difficult time in his life and I was hoping to raise his spirits. IT WORKED!!! Beautiful presentation, great product choices and being able to engrave a personal sentiment made the package even better. Great Job Gift Tree...I will be a returning customer. My friend was very pleased, so ultimately so am I.
Very satisfied customer.
- Recommended
Beautiful Presentation November 29, 2012
I ordered this basket for my boyfriend's birthday, it came 3 days early which was great for me because I got a chance to look at it. It was a wow moment for me! It is beautiful! I know he's gonna love it. I wish u did whiskey too. But I absolutely love the basket! Thanks. Will be telling all my friends and family about this site. Keep up the great job and wishing u all a Happy Holiday.
- Recommended
Wonderful Gift May 12, 2012
I bought this gift basket for my Mom for Mothers Day, she absolutely loved it and stated it was amazing! Very happy with purchase and highly recommend!
- Recommended
Great May 7, 2012
The delivery was on time party very satisfied
Will continue doing business with you -
- Recommended
Very nicely presented January 2, 2012
- Recommended
- Sent as Gift
Impressive January 1, 2012
Sent this to my sister for her anniversary. She received it and loved it. The box is impressive and only got better once she opened it. Her comments were "this was so beautiful and way too much". I recommend to others.
loved by all December 19, 2011
Sympathy Basket
- Recommended
Appropriate and Meaningful October 17, 2011
I ordered this basket for my sister-in-law, whose father had just passed away...I also engraved beautiful leather box with her dad's initials, so that she could put special cards and photos in it after the ceremony. The contents of the box were perfect for hosting an after ceremony gathering. Beautifully arranged, with genuinely appreciated.


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We use cookies on this website to ensure that we give you a great experience. By continuing to use the Infotel website you are giving consent to receive cookies from Infotel. For more information please see our privacy policy.
Book online or call +44 (0)1775 843417 at standard rates. Site Feedback
The New Inn is in the centre of the historic market town of Sandwich. It offers en suite rooms, free parking, free internet and a traditional bar serving home-cooked food. The New Inn is a short walk from all of the town's shops and is less than 650 metres from Sandwich Rail Station. All of the rooms have TVs, telephones, tea/coffee and free wired internet access. The bar offers beers, wines and spirits. Home-cooked food is available from 07:00 to 19:30. The New Inn is 12 miles from the port of Dover and 18 miles from Folkestone and the Channel Tunnel. The Open Championship golf courses of Royal St George's Golf Club and Prince's Golf Club are 2 miles away.


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Buy online with confidence
Click here for more information
Here at Evergreen Art Café we want you to be completely confident when you purchase art online from us. Our website uses the SagePay secure payment gateway for processing your credit/debit card transaction. When you complete the checkout process you are taken to their secure server to enter your card details and complete the payment.
You will receive two email confirmations – one from Evergreen Art Café and one from SagePay. At this stage, your card has only been authorised as we do not take the money until we are ready to complete the order and arrange delivery. We will contact you if there are any issues with your order ahead of taking any money from your card.


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Put your phone away when driving.
The Oprah effect
While state and national governments worked to bring attention to the dangers of distracted driving, talk show queen Oprah gave the issue a national spotlight.
In January 2010 Oprah hosted an entire show dedicated to discussing the risks and consequences of distracted driving.
Oprah's No Phone Zone campaign brings awareness to the issue and tells people that no text, e-mail, Facebook post, phone call, or any other message is more important than someone else's life.
She encourages her audience and the public to make cars a no phone zone, meaning that when you drive you put your phone away.
The cost of distraction
Make your car a no-phone zone."
There are many costs related to distracted driving. You can be fined for breaking state law. Each state's fines vary:
- In Texas, fines range from $200 to $500.
- In Illinois, fines vary by city, with Chicago's ranging from $75 up to $500 if there's an accident.
There is also a risk of jail time. Reggie Shaw received a 30-day jail sentence. With the rise in fatalities because of distracted driving, many states have increased punishment for such accidents.
Apart from fines and jail time, there are insurance costs. Each insurance company has its own definitions and ways of dealing with distracted driving. No matter what the cause, if you are in an accident your insurance rates are likely to increase, especially as a young driver.
The ultimate cost related to distracted driving is impossible to assign a dollar value to—the cost of a human life. If you drive while distracted and cause an accident that kills someone, there's no way to put a value on how much that person's life was worth.
You can decide today not to text and drive.
Take the pledge
The next time you're riding with someone as a passenger, look at the drivers around you. How many of them are on their phones or texting someone? How many are eating or reading a map?
As a new driver, there are so many more things you need to focus on than what your friend just texted you. It's hard enough to focus on the traffic around you than to also focus on texting.
Pledge to make your car a distraction-free zone. This includes cell phones, eating, drinking, changing music—and friends. Make it clear to them that, when you are driving, you need to focus.
And when you are riding in friends cars, do not distract them; make sure they are focused on the road as well. It's your life at stake, too.
You must be logged in to post comments.


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If you are just now seeing this design for the first time, I have bad news for you. You are missing the boat. All my real friends knew about this 30 minutes ago. And my newsletter peeps knew even before that! (make sure you click the check box)
In conclusion: click my links! And buy 10!!! -
62 Comments
deethers said 207 weeks ago
can it be? -
GOREDbyWOLVES said 207 weeks ago
lysol92 said 207 weeks ago
lol, alright tee, i can't see many people wearing it tho, i'd definately by this as a print but not on a tee. -
Jaxin said 207 weeks ago
It's some awesome art, but im not so sure i'd wear it as a tshirt. -
stablercake said 207 weeks ago
Interesting design, but that bottom hand is killing me. It's sorta...wrong. -
L3g3ndQ said 207 weeks ago
o gawd more of this BRC junk!! i hope teefurry gets off this kick quick!!! i haven't liked one of their shirts yet, they would make great prints but for shirts?? no way! -
Shirts on Sale said 207 weeks ago
More than interesting, it's a really beautiful design...I just wish it weren't on a red shirt. Not that I don't love a good red shirt, but this just isn't the right image for that background. -
Mr. Sweet N Awful said 207 weeks ago
I said the same thing to myself L3g3nd.
I do, however, love love love the girl with the tommy gun!!! -
aislinn2000 said 207 weeks ago
I also LOVE the girl with the tommy gun! Is that available to be purchased anywhere? -
Olechka said 207 weeks ago
Beautiful composition, gotta love those tentacles! -
AdderXYU said 207 weeks ago
Awesome Stuff. Unlike some people, I am happy to see as much BRC as Teefury wishes to foist upon me.
and Aislin, The girl with the tommygun is a anothersite tee called "Breaking Up is Hard to Do", but it's currently out of stock. Your best bet would be either wait, or hunt it down and ask for a reprint. -
CPUT99 said 207 weeks ago
The woman with the machine gun and the clown car crash can both be found at anothersite.com
As far as this tee goes, I'm super glad they've printed one on red (finally, for once!) but this isn't the one for me... *shrug* -
godzilla said 207 weeks ago
i'm just sayin'... -
cyberpainter said 207 weeks ago
Not something I would wear, but it's well designed for a t-shirt. The hands are iffy. -
Toonstar said 207 weeks ago
The pattern behind the guitarist is superb, but the guitarist itself is a little much to be honest. -
Visual Singularities said 207 weeks ago
Awesome illustration. At first glance it kind of looked like Dimebag Darrell. -
ste7en said 207 weeks ago
great work, always love your compositions -
whhiitt said 207 weeks ago
id prefer all his other designs compared to this one
it seems a bit generic
its a fantastic job :) -
TeeMaster said 207 weeks ago
leon everything you do is so awesome i would wear your shart on my head if you told it was a hat -
wotto said 207 weeks ago
lol @ some of these comments.
Awesome job Leon. -
iamj00 said 207 weeks ago
Eh, looks like something you can buy at Walmart. -
Tuism said 207 weeks ago
Looks awesome! Although I think it would do be even cooler if it was a bigger print that went over the sleeves :)
Awesomeness dude :) -
AdderXYU said 207 weeks ago
said 31 minutes ago
Eh, looks like something you can buy at Walmart.
You have never entered a Walmart. I can't say I don't envy you. -
em said 207 weeks ago
Well, I'm buying it! Love your work.


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The mostly annual summer shindig at Pat's In The Flats rocked the industrial section of Tremont this past Saturday that included 10 bands: [in order of appearance] Prisoners, Filmstrip, Ragers, Tinko, Founding Fathers, Uno Lady, Little Bighorn, Wooly Bullies, Obnox and All Dinosaurs, that finished the night with an exclamation point.
When Pat's Fest works, it is one of Cleveland's best summer local music events and this was one of those days it worked. Much of the credit has to go to Tony Cross, whom booked the best lineup that I've witnessed at previous Pat's Fests. Tony and his brother Nick also helped bar-tend after their band Little Bighorn performed a rousing set and then stayed late to help with the clean up. As with many of Pat's Fests, people are always happy to lend a hand to someone that is beloved in the scene. Thanks, Pat!
I was able to capture a few stills from each band that performed, those pics are here. The YouTube playlist below has several videos from a handful of those bands.
(Source: loumuenz.com)


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Andre the Giant could apparently drink a keg of beer in one sitting!
Andre was a French pro wrestler and actor. He is best known for his role of Fezzik on "The Princess Bride." His size was a result of acromegaly, which led him to be called "The Eighth Wonder of the World."
Acromegaly is a syndrome where the pituitary glands produce excess growth hormones. It can cause severe disfiguring and premature death. In the World Wrestling Foundation, Andre was once a World Champion. In 1993, he was the first inductee into the WWF Hall of Fame.
His billed height was seven feet five inches and his billed weight was 540 pounds. He was said to be able to drink a keg of beer in one sitting. He died in 1993 in his sleep of congestive heart failure in a Paris hotel room. He is survived by a daughter, Robin, who was born in 1979.


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"If a child hasn't ever got their hands dirty looking for...
How do mammals that live underground survive in dark, airless burrows? What are the main challenges they face, and how do they adapt and modify their environments?
From savvy primates to space dogs, Stuart Blackman reveals the individuals that have made the biggest impact on how we view the planet and our place in it.
With a population exceeding one million, black bears are the most numerous ursids in North America – and you can see them in locations from Alaska to North Carolina.
Thank you to everyone who wrote to us to share their favourite memories of BBC Wildlife.
We were overwhelmed by the number of letters we received, so many we could not fit them all into the January issue of the magazine, so we decided to share them with you online. Enjoy!
Welcome to the BBC Wildlife shark zone where you can find out all you ever wanted to know about these fascinating fish.
An impressive variety of big sharks – possibly even great whites – patrol Britain's productive seas, but the threats they face are mounting. Richard Peirce asks if we can learn to live with these magnificent, misunderstood predators.
More than 30 species of shark have been recorded off British coasts. Here are seven of the largest, most impressive predatory species.
In the six decades since his first wildlife film was broadcast, Sir David Attenborough's programmes have consistently launched new formats, concepts and technology. This selection of classic clips demonstrates how his programmes transformed our understanding of the natural world.


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Style: 6846C Color: PNFO
Size Chart
For The Birds
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This fit & flare top features a V-neckline and three front pockets. Binding edges the neckline and sleeves. Two roomy patch pockets, one cell phone pocket, and side vents complete this look. Center back length: 25 1/2"
Fabric: 100% Cotton
More in this style V-Neck Top (6846C)
More in this color For The Birds (PNFO)
Tooniforms: Missy - Cherokee, Maternity, Tooniforms, Workwear, Scrub HQ
Missy inseams approximately 30-31" Missy Petite inseams approximately 27 1/2 - 28 1/2" Missy Tall inseams approximately 33-34" Missy Ultra Tall inseams approximately 36" unhemmed Missy Workwear Short inseams approximately 27 1/2 - 28 1/2"