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Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum, or Acta Sci. Math. (Szeged) as referred to by the Mathematical Reviews, publishes pure mathematics papers that contain new and significant results. The article must be well written and of interest to a substantial number of mathematicians. The language of the paper should be English.
By submitting papers the authors certify that the manuscripts have not been submitted to and are not under consideration for publication at another journal, conference proceedings, or similar publication. Furthermore, submission of manuscripts implies that, if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of copyright to the publisher.
Format of manuscripts
Authors should take the greatest possible care in preparing the manuscript. We encourage to use any available dialect of TEX. To comply with general conventions of style used in our Acta, recent issues beginning with volume 57 should be consulted. On the first page of the manuscript a descriptive title and the names and affiliations, together with the mail and electronic addresses, of the authors must appear followed by an abstract that summarizes the article. The abstract should be at least one complete sentence, and at most 15 lines. The AMS subject classification numbers and appropriate keywords should be also given.
In the preferred way, authors should submit their papers online using our editorial system . Register at the site as author creating a username and password, then log in. Fill in the forms offered by the system, and upload the PDF or PS file of the manuscript. A message acknowledging the submission will be sent by e-mail. Authors should confirm their submission simply by pushing the reply button.
An alternative (less preferred) way of submission is to send the PDF or PS file of the manuscript to the Editor-in-Chief to the e-mail address firstname.lastname@example.com, accompanied by a message expressing the intention of the authors. In all cases the article will be uploaded to the electronic editorial system.
Editorial process
All papers are refereed. Once a paper is accepted, the corresponding author will be asked to send the manuscript's TEX file. Receiving the TEX source file considerably speeds up the publication of the paper. No manuscript will be sent back to the author. Authors of papers accepted for publication will receive only one proof. The proofs are sent to the corresponding author, unless requested otherwise.
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. The PDF file is a watermarked copyrighted version of the published article, which can be sent to colleagues, but cannot be posted on open websites.
Authors registered into the online editorial system can monitor the status of their paper.
Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum,
Bolyai Institute, Aradi vértanúk tere 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary


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- 97 Total Posts
- Joined Jan 12th 2009
changing things for me at the moment
also i am wondering if people here that make music have any interest in a section here dedicated to production more and sharing tracks i guess works demos. I mean there are plenty of places to do that out here in space but maybe we could do it different somehow. i have worked with owned dicked with a lot of gear over the years and daed posts here a bit and he is a wealth of musical knowledge the like of which i've never seen. i know ive spoken to a few of you before about little shits but im down to dig in deeper (wankoz) if any of you cool bros want just chill in shorts and talk about beat making .barf. Seriously though is that a lame idea ? regardless I will be updating much more often here within this section of the forums jogger related stuff when on the road etc. hope all is well. I will see seth tomorrow and send him all your love.

subset: commoncrawl


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Parelli's Gone Pink Sale to Benefit
About Parelli
The Parelli method combines in-depth equine psychology and common sense communication techniques in a proven recipe for horse and rider success. It allows horse owners at all levels of experience (from trail rider to Olympic level Dressage rider) to achieve success without force, partnership without dominance and harmony without coercion. The wider goal is to help create a better world for horses and the people who love them through the non-profit Parelli Foundation. |
Parelli Natural Horsemanship
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E-Mail: Parelli USA


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Troubleshooting bandwidth issues
Learn how to fix bandwidth issues, such as pausing, buffering, skipping, starting, stopping, and inability to see a video.
Poor sound or video quality, excessive stuttering or buffering, and lack of a video signal are usually due to a computer resource issue.
There are a few things you can do to enhance your video experience:
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- Try not to view other websites or run other applications while streaming videos.
- If you're accessing videos through a Local Area Network (LAN), you may experience excessive buffering or connectivity delays as a result of the number of users and/or PCs on your LAN.
- Bandwidth tends to fluctuate throughout the day, and it will vary by provider. This can cause problems with video streams.
Note: If you continue to have ongoing bandwidth issues, please contact your Internet service provider (ISP) for further assistance.


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If you don't see what you are looking for, Request It.
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I got my order of Ambre Gris yesterday and was smitten by the first whiff of it. I have a tendency towards oriental fragrances but find them in summer a bit too much because of the hot and humid climate where I live and our winters are very short. So I have been looking a long time for something that exudes the warmth and spicyness of an oriental but is also wearable on those hot and humid days. Ambre Gris takes you right into its spicy and somewhat powdery warmness without being overbearing. If you like e.g. Balenciaga Paris, Miss Dior, and you enjoy a touch of spice you will like this one as well - summer and winter.
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Balmain Ambre Gris...the cinnamon, the myrrh Oh My!!! It is fantastic. This used to be my "go to" fragrance for fall and winter, but recently I have started wearing it on the hottest of summer days and, if possible, I think I like it even more! Give Ambre Gris a try,anytime of the year-you won't be sorry.
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Balmain Ambre Gris is a beautiful spicy scent. It used to be my go to scent for fall and winter, but I've recently started to wear it in the heat of summer and it is fantastic!! LOVE the cinnamon! And on me it lasts forever:) I may have found my signature scent!!
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This was always my go to scent for fall and winter. Recently I have been wearing it in the hot summer weather and it is wonderful!! This may have become my signature scent. Love the cinnamon:)A must try!!!!!
June 25, 2010
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The colors have blended into perfection, the decoration is also beauty and the special one is that this bedroom is strikingly. Although this is strikingly bedroom but the interior decorations are in minimalist style. In this bedroom, designer provides wide space inside to do anything. One side in these strikingly bedroom has one eye-catcher whether it in wall, carpet, bed, bedding, and the pillow. All the strikingly unsure here are implementing in minimalist style that bring you to modern bedroom interior design.
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Oklahoma tornadoes Chambers and cities collaborate to boost storm-affected businesses in Oklahoma
The Greater Oklahoma City Chamber announced the Back to Business Initiative on Friday, allowing owners of businesses with damage from Monday's tornado to report their needs and get connected to ...
Oklahoma tornadoes What will it take to get Moores stores back in business
After the cleanup, what will it take to get the Moore business community back on its feet? Optimism reigns as business owners say: we will ...
Memorial Day weekend activities planned in Oklahoma City area
The 45th Infantry Division Museum will host its annual Memorial Day ceremony honoring U.S. service members at 10 a.m. Monday at the museum, 2145 NE ...
Oklahoma principals recall day tornado hit
It was like any other day. If anything, it might have been a little better than usual -- with more deserved honors for the kids, more jokes and songs, more smiles. Even Mother Nature, after storms the previous day, seemed at first to cooperate as the sun shone ...
Former Employee of Oklahoma City Assisted Living Center Gets Prison for Fraud www.privateofficer.com
--Yesterday, James Lester Hausam, Jr., 29, of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, was sentenced to serve 37 months in prison in connection with a scheme to steal money from a resident at a metro retirement home, announced Sanford C. Coats, United States Attorney for the Western District of Oklahoma. In 2010, Hausam worked at an assisted-living center in Bethany, Oklahoma. There, he became friends with ...
Movie Review
The Abominable Dr. Phibes [DVD]
In Danse Macabre, a nonfiction study of the pleasures of horror, novelist Stephen King notes quite rightly and quite obviously that the one leveler, the one thing we all as human beings have to fear, is death. As he puts it, "Without good old death to fall back on, the horror movies would be in bad shape." King further delineates between good death, which King describes as dying peacef ... ...
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Oklahoma tornadoes Oklahoma City resident shoots harrowing tornado video
When tornado sirens went off Monday, many Oklahomans headed for their cellars. South Oklahoma City resident Joshua Stacey went up to his roof ...
Oklahoma tornadoes Gov. Mary Fallin signs disaster relief bill
Oklahoma Gov. Mary Fallin signs disaster relief bill and says she also will sign a measure that contains a package of tax breaks for tornado ...
Oklahoma tornadoes Survivors helpers share stories
MOORE -- When a car pulls up and rolls its windows down, Oklahoma Highway Patrol trooper Gabe Leach never knows whether its driver is in good spirits or ...
Oklahoma lawmakers wrap up session
Oklahoma legislators, with deals made more than a month ago on reducing the state personal income tax rate and a major overhaul of the state workers' compensation, ground through a number of bills Friday before wrapping up this year's session with little ...
Oklahoma tornadoes Chaplains minister to disasters victims
MOORE -- They held hands before the chaplains, their family and friends looking on from the front yard. Except instead of an altar, Jason Kluge and Jenae Green stood before their crumpled home on SW 16; instead of exchanging vows, they were simply looking for ...
Classic Comments
We must define the nature and scope of this struggle, or else it will define us. Neither I, nor any President can promise the total defeat of terror. What we must do is dismantle networks that pose a direct danger.
Barack Obama
The U.S. president was speaking on his administration's counter terrorism policy.
Hotel Review
Wyndham New Orleans at Canal Place
On arrival at this hotel the thing that struck us most was the location. It was just meters from the ...
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FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs
Post: #1
FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs
In recent few days we can see many query's from newbies regarding how to post deals , reward system , warning system so we are launching our new FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) in our forum so user's can easily find answers to their queries at one place . Please visit this FAQ before posting any query to our Moderators. THANK YOU 1. Why does FKM exist? Internet is a fun place and there are plenty of things that people can get for free and that's why we at FreeKaaMaal.com bring you the best free stuff from around nook and cranny of the world.Along with freebies we also bring the best deals from all top e-commerce sites and help you to save your valuable bucks. So in all, FKM exists to serve its fans. 2. What are FKM's Forums? FKM Forums are a dynamic display of valuable shopping information. You will see unbiased presentation and review of the hottest deals in a bulletin board format. Each of nearly 8 forum categories (Hot Deals, Free Stuff, Exclusive cash back, etc.) has its own "board." Then on each board are posted countless related topics. Finally, under each topic are lists of related questions and suggestions to round out your shopping information. 3. How do I register for FreeKaaMaal forum? Membership is free. You are welcome to browse the forum as a guest. To post a message, open a new thread or start a discussion of your own, you must complete a one-time registration. To register, simply click on the "register" link located on the top left hand corner of the forum page and fill out the necessary information required. For security purposes, we require e-mail confirmation of your registration. Please provide a valid e-mail address that you can check immediately. When you register, you must choose a unique username and you must provide a unique and valid email address. Duplicate usernames and email addresses are not allowed, so if the name or address you enter is already in use, you will be prompted to choose another one. Once your e-mail address has been confirmed, you are registered member of FreeKaaMaal Forum. 4. Why do I need to sign up as a registered FKM-FAN ? Registering as FKM-Fan allows you to share deals,contest,freebies with other members,Share your views,Help each other and finally make some really good friends.FKM forum is a shopping community for all its fans. And not only you make good friends by registering, you can also earn money for deals shared by you. You will miss all these benefits if you dont register at FKM Forum. 5. If I sign up, will I get pop-up ads, junk emails, etc ? No. We are here for you and because of you. FKM is successful because of our smart, respectful users, and we are NOT going to abuse, offend, or otherwise take advantage of you! 6. How do I get started? Click on Sign Up here, or on FKM-Forum page in the top right corner. 7. What if I forgot my password ? Dont worry.Just clcik this: Lost password . Then type in your email address and we'll mail your password to you! NOTE: The address you type in must match the current email address supplied in your profile. 8. How can I change my password? Click now if you're currently logged in: Change Password. Be sure and put your new password in both boxes (once to verify) then click on "Change My Password." You can do this any time by logging in with your current password, clicking on "User Account," then clicking on "Change Password" in your profile section. Log In -->> User Account -->> Change Password 9. Can I change my username that was set at the time of registration ? No you can't change your username after registration. 10. What if my email address changes? Click now if you're logged in: Change email . Edit your email then click on "Update E-mail address" A confirmation email will be sent to the new address, and you'll need to click the link/url provided to complete the process. You can change your email address any time by logging in, clicking on My Account then Profile and following the above directions. 11. How do I prevent my username from appearing in the online user listings? In User CP under Edit Options Tab you will find a Privacy option Hide me from the Who's Online list; if you switch this on you'll only appear to board administrators or to yourself. You will be counted as a hidden user. 12. What determines my member title? 13. What's the meaning of images associated with my username? There are two images which you can see on your profile.The one below a username is associated with your rank; generally these take the form of stars indicating how many posts you have made or your status on the forums. Beside this may be a larger image known as an avatar; this is generally unique or personal to each user. You have an authority to modify your avatar. Avatar could be changed or disabled here . 14. How do I add a signature to my post? To add a signature to a post you must first go to User CP. There you'll find an option to add or Change Signature. Once you've created your signature, you can add a signature by default to all your posts by checking the appropriate radio box given there. You can still prevent a signature being added to individual posts by un-checking the add signature box on the posting form. 15. What are the forum guidelines?[*]Self-promotion, referral links, links to referral sites, and auctions are not allowed.[*]To remove the opportunity for abuse, we will not allow links websites. However, we do not restrict users from stating where they found information in their message.[*]Treat other forum members with respect. Please don't flame others. We are all here for the same purpose - to find hot deals and to share the deals we find.[*]Please refrain from using vulgar and/or explicit language.[*]If you are not a child (mentally), ignore this one. Don't post for the sake of increasing your post count such as posts like "In bfore the lock". People can tell how intelligent/mature you are by your words irrespective of how many posts you have made. (misspelling intentional)[*]If you find that a post violates forum guidelines, please use the repost button to bring it to the attention of forum moderators. No need to make a useless post to a thread that will be locked or moved anyway. 16. How to start a new thread in the forum ? Click on the respective forum i.e Discount coupons , Hot deals ,Contest etc and on the right corner there is a button to start a new thread click on it to start a new thread. 17. How do I edit or delete a post? Unless you are the board admin or forum moderator you can only edit or delete your own posts. You can edit a post by clicking the (edit) button for the relevant post. In the same way you can delete your posts using (delete) button below the posts. 18. How do I report a thread/post which is duplicate or contains an inappropriate or offensive message? If you happen to come across a particular thread/post in the forums that is a duplicate or it contains spam or other offensive content which violates FKM rules, we encourage you to notify our moderators by clicking the button located directly below each individual post on the right hand side. Once clicked, you will be prompted with a submission form. Simply type the message that best describes the problem with the post and click the "Report Post" button. Once reported, our moderators will be notified of the post and it will be reviewed. Reported threads/posts will not automatically remove the thread/post. Please Note: In order to report posts, you must be registered and logged in as a FKM member. 19. What is Home Page Offer (HPO)? How deal is selected for HPO? When someone posts exclusive deals, then such deals are promoted and posted on Home Page which is known as Home Page Offer. HPO's are usually selected on the basis of number of Likes and analysis of deal by FKM team members. For rules regarding HPO tagging, please visit here . 20. Can I post Images? Images can indeed be shown in your posts. However, there is no facility at present for uploading images directly to this board. Therefore you must upload or link to an image stored on a publicly accessible web server. To post images right from your computer, you need to upload it first at any image hosting website like: http://imgur.comor http://imageshack.us etc. After uploading such images, just copy direct link URL and paste it as shown below in the screenshot:- You can post images from any other website directly by following below method:
21. How to add a hyperlink in a post ? Use the button first select the text that you want to hyperlink then click on the hyper link button , it will open a box to add your link there.[*] 22. I think I found a hot deal and want to post it! Search the FKM forums to see if it has been posted already! Include store name/location, product, price, and conditions (coupon, price match, subscribe for a year, etc.) in the title so people can quickly determine if your deal fits their profile Don't put POLL in the title unless you are taking a POLL. Don't take a poll in the Hot Deals forum. Post in the correct forum ex. Hot Deals, , Deal Discussion, etc. 23. What is a repost? If a deal is posted by a member, and another member posts the SAME deal, at the same (or extremely similar) price, from the same store, then it's a repost. The use of coupons, PMs, etc. doesn't make a "new" deal - those should be posted in the OP ( Opening Post ) of the original thread. [*]If a deal is posted by a member, and another member posts a deal (or list) for the SAME item, but from DIFFERENT sources, it is not a post of the deal. If the OP of the first thread EDITS their thread to include the information from the SECOND thread, then the FIRST thread is now a REPOST of the second thread, no matter what the time stamp on it is. [*]If people discuss buying the item at a different store than the OP lists, that sometimes qualifies for a new thread UNLESS the OP has *already* updated the thread with the info (in which case any new thread would be a repost.) 24. Why can't I open more than 10 new threats in a day ? To make the forum clean and spam free otherwise user can make unwanted thread's in the forum which has no relation to the freekaamaal. 25. What is the like button i can see when i post in the forum ? If you think the deal mentioned in the threat is worth of being a HPO ( Home page offer )then click on the like button to the user who posted the deal with get a like from your side. 26. It is showing warning % in my profile what this means ? It shows warning level percentage given to you by FKM moderators for breaking rules in the forum which could be from 10 % to 100 % which will be reverted in usually 1 month time according to the rules broken by the user. 27. What if i get 100 % warning points ? In that case the warning will be taken off and 50 points will be deducted from your account. 28. What are the rewards that i can redeem using my points ? The details of all the reward redemption conditions and vouchers available can be seen at here 29. What if I liked a post but after checking the deal and condition found it unworthy ? You can revert your like by again clicking on the like button it will show unlike button. 30. Why my post got deleted without any acklowledgement ? The post could be a repost / invalid deal / inappropriate / against the forum rules. 31. I can see some post tags with Giveaway / Trading what are these ? This thread is for sharing coupons of e-commerce websites to get discounts which can be a free giveaway or trading i.e exchange of coupons of different websites . The visit the thread click here 32. What is buddy list that i could see in the control panel ? You can add other members of the forum to your buddy list so that you can PM then easily and view their profile as FKM wants its users to make new friends along with getting best discount deals online. 33. What is FKM daily mail ? The top deal offers of the day are send to the mail of the users who sign up for our news letter It can be found on our home page 34. What is "Add to RSS Reader" that can be seen on your homepage ? The HPO Deals are updated automatically when the RSS link is added to the RSS reader like google reader / Feed Demon so that you will get instant deals at your desktop when they are posted. 35. I Have Another Question, Which Hasn't Been Answered Here? Sorry we haven't been able to answer your question in our Help and FAQ sections. Please write into us directly with your query through our contact form and we'll respond back to you lightning quick! or else you can contact any of the moderators and get your queries solved. 36. I received a Coupon in my email but i don't need it can i post it in the forum? Yes, you can open a new thread in giveaway section where you can post the coupon or give to a particular user who needs it and if it a generic coupon (can be used multiple times) then you can post it in Discount coupon section. 37. What are affiliate Links or Referral Links? Affiliate Links are just like referral links where the member who post links in forum gets some kind of incentive when other members register or purchase anything. To avoid spamming in FreeKaaMaal forum, posting such links is not allowed. Understanding affiliate links and determining whether a link is a referral/Affiliate link is bit difficult for a newbie and that's why follow the below thumb Rule: Always check whether the link that you are posting in your deal is similar to the one which is finally getting opened in your browser. For example in the below URL.. [Affiliate URL]http://www.s2d6.com/x/?x=c&z=s&v=4684183 [Actual URL]http://spuul.com/users/new The link which you are seeing is totally different from the link which will get opened in your browser. Earn Points & Win Rewards ||Read And Post all reviews Here || FKM Guide For Newbies || Posting Guidelines || SUPER-MOD@FKM-FAMILY |
The following 16 users Like Vivek Mishra's post: kamaltetri (07-14-2012), narinderyadav (07-14-2012), VIP-nks8129 (07-14-2012), Shamim (07-14-2012), ashu_saluja25 (07-15-2012), Dux (07-16-2012), ks1985 (07-18-2012), Prince76 (07-20-2012), hemanth211 (07-20-2012), mohit23 (07-20-2012), Administrator (07-24-2012), VIP-ihuntdeals (07-24-2012), sidd (07-27-2012), Forum master (07-30-2012), goldy (01-22-2013), Download123 (Yesterday) |
The following 16 users Like Vivek Mishra's post: kamaltetri (07-14-2012), narinderyadav (07-14-2012), VIP-nks8129 (07-14-2012), Shamim (07-14-2012), ashu_saluja25 (07-15-2012), Dux (07-16-2012), ks1985 (07-18-2012), Prince76 (07-20-2012), hemanth211 (07-20-2012), mohit23 (07-20-2012), Administrator (07-24-2012), VIP-ihuntdeals (07-24-2012), sidd (07-27-2012), Forum master (07-30-2012), goldy (01-22-2013), Download123 (Yesterday) |
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Messages In This Thread |
FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - Vivek Mishra - 07-14-2012 02:15 PM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - ks1985 - 07-18-2012, 12:56 PM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - dipali - 07-20-2012, 03:27 AM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - email2nehal - 07-20-2012, 10:29 AM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - ihuntdeals - 07-24-2012, 06:29 PM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - HARDIK2115 - 07-24-2012, 08:25 PM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - Vivek Mishra - 07-24-2012, 08:33 PM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - goyal.dkg - 01-22-2013, 05:15 PM
RE: FreeKaaMaal Forum Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs - coolguy4u - Yesterday, 04:46 PM


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Would you like to present at The Bright Side of Life August 16th, 2013 "Voices of Leadership" Live event?
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Dear Speakers and Leaders,
You are an ambitious Leader and Speaker – no question about it. You have a vision and, in your own unique way, are trying to create a better world for generations to come. You want to share your message to the people who are looking to hear it and know that you'll make an impact in the way they live their lives or do business, right?
Perhaps at this moment you feel frustrated; you know you have a burning desire to speak on many stages and yet, don't really know where to start. Or perhaps you don't have the know-how and confidence to present on stage. Maybe you don't know the image you want to project. On the other hand, you have spoken occasionally for a few years now and not really certain why you are not getting more speaking engagements. Or perhaps, you are an experienced speaker whose message has plateaued and are ready for a new fresh speaking perspective and image.
If that resonates with you, Sahar Kordahi, Leader of the Bright Side of Life Women's Community, Speaker and a Community Builder Expert, is bringing together the expertise and wisdom of some of the most successful speaker trainers and coaches to support you on your speaking journey to success.
Join us for an incredible three-month journey with 35-40 other community leaders, speakers and business owners. They, like you, are ready to Voice their Leadership role, to grow sustainable, profitable businesses that will change their lives and lives of others.
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The Bright Side of Life Women's Gathering was founded in February 2008. We began with 6 women in Sahar's family room and now, five years later we have welcomed thousands of women to our bi-monthly gatherings in the San Francisco Bay Area. The Bright Side of Life Community isn't just about the transformation, connection, education, fun, or success; it's about shining as who you really are.
If you live in Northern California/ SF Bay Area, We invite you to join us the last Thursday of every other month from 6-9pm as we offer a different topic and invite Nationally and Internationally known speakers to explore compelling topics that are relevant to a woman's journey to purpose, authenticity and the fullest expression of who she is.
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You are invited to join a FREE online Training call with the Founder of the Bright Side of Life, Sahar Kordahi. Sahar only offers a few online training calls each year. So, we're excited to announce that on Thursday, March 14, she will be sharing insights and wisdom from these practical, powerful new ways of community building at no cost to anyone with a phone and an Internet connection.
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Dozens Take Part in Candidates Night
By: Michael Holden
Updated: February 11, 2013
This was all part of candidates night.
Dozens filled Council Chambers and got information on how to run for the upcoming municipal election year.
All local offices are on the upcoming ballot.
Part of tonight's presentation included petitioning and how to form a committee.
Petitions for those running for office will begin circulating on February 19th.


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Our Company |
A Message From Our Founder "I have been a service industry entrepreneur for many years yet never more excited about the opportunity to provide our customers a variety of "one-stop-shop" home services. Our core commitment to exceptional service has never changed; customer service continues to be the single most important aspect of our business." – Jeff Norton, Founder UniServ is a Florida based home services company specializing in pool service, pest control, and lawn spray.By offering our clients bundled service options in a one-stop-shop package, we're able to provide the homeowner a unique combination of high quality services at reasonable and attractive prices. Our mission is to ensure that all of our services help provide a healthy and happy home environment in keeping with Florida's 'green' pest control and 'blue' pool policies. – A Matter of Trust – For an introduction to our company and a complete list of services, click here to download our Company Presentation Package. Sunset Policy What Customer-Centric Really Means: Seven Key Insights


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The round House
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When his mother, a tribal enrollment specialist living on a reservation in North Dakota, slips into an abyss of depression after being brutally attacked, 14-year-old Joe Coutz sets out with his three friends to find the person that destroyed his family.
a novel
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Add a CommentLouise Erdrich, my favourite author.
A very good read. I enjoyed this book. I would recommend this book for all to read.
I love reading Ms. Erdrich's stories. The style and tension in this book are different than other stories that she has written, but this is not a criticism in any way. I will likely purchase this book since I am a slow reader and it is not currently possible to renew the book without being returned to the end of the long waitlist...
after years of being intimidated by erdrich, the round house has won me over. funny, warm, and very human.
A worthwhile read.
This is such a great book! Even better than her earlier novels, which are superb. It's heart-breaking, though, and very powerful. She deals with issues of intricate moral complexity, involving ethical systems that might be antithetical (US gov't, tribal, Catholic), that involve the characters in life-shattering decisions. And there are totally hilarious scenes too. What a tremendous storyteller!
A powerful, lyrical coming-of-age story about a 13-year old boy on a North Dakota Ojibwe reservation who tries to avenge a brutal crime committed against his mother. Erdrich develops full, complex characters and paints a nuanced picture of reservation life, capturing abundant beauty and sadness. Erdrich used to be one of my favorite literary fiction authors but after her husband Michael Dorris committed suicide in 1997 amidst allegations of physical and sexual abuse against their children (some of it possibly with Erdrich's knowledge), I wasn't able to stomach reading either author. Finally coming back to Erdrich's writing, I find it as powerful and beautiful as ever.
This book/story captivated me from the first few pages until the end!
A 13 year old native boy goes through the process of grief and anger when his mother is brutally attacked. Then the attacker gets off with a legal loophole that pushes the boy into a quest for justice. This was an interesting story that kept me engaged right till the end.
These are my excuses for not being swept off my feet yet again by an author who I have come to trust, respect and admire: 1.I have not yet read The Plague of Doves which might have mitigated what seemed to me like an overwhelming number of characters with a complex set of inter-relationships and back stories. My bad. I had no idea this was part of a series. 2. While thirteen-year-old Joe, may well be, from my experience, realistically drawn, I could find him neither "charming" nor "endearing" in any way. He is a thirteen-year-old boy in over his head and I can think of nothing less comfortable than being forced to see a tragic situation made into a disaster through the eyes of an adolescent. I shudder at what We Need to Talk about Kevin would have been like had Lionel Shriver chosen Kevin as the POV. 3. I read this novel at the perfectly wrong time: when the white backlash to Idle No More has both frightened and sickened me to point where the only sensible place for my head would have been buried in the sand rather than a book about the plight of First Nations' Peoples. Again, my bad. 4. I am audacious enough to contend that the Weetigo/ Windigo legend has more relevance (both now and in early times) to sociologists than criminologists. It is in my opinion, more an infamy of neglect and oppression than it is a justification for frontier justice or a serious examination of good and evil.
Add a Quote"If the freedom of speech is taken away then dumb and silent we may be led, like sheep to the slaughter." -George Washington


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Cuts (rushes, out takes) for stories in Colour Pictorial - CP 356. The original stories are on Pathe Master tape *PM0157*.
01:07:58 to 01:14:41 cuts for story BULLET PROOF VEST in CP 356. Various shots of the bullet proof vest being manufactured at Leonard Barret's discreet London workshop...
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WKA Mazda / Bridgestone Manufacturers Cup Series
Margay Sprint Championships – Daytona Int'l Speedway
Daytona Beach, Fla. – December 28-30, 2011
N.J. Sprint Series
Yamaha Rookie Sportsman Fin. 1
FT – Alex Verhagen 47.452
Mike Doty Racing
Yamaha Rookie Sportsman Fin. 2
FT – Alex Verhagen 47.225
RLV Tuned Exhaust
Cadet Sportsman Final 1
FT – Cordova 45.850
Grand Products / Top Kart
Cadet Sportsman Final 2
FT – Lemke 45.673
Adkins Speed Center
Komet Sportsman
FT – Smith 45.168
Komet Jr Lite
FT – Kalish 42.134
Orlando Kart Center
Komet Jr Heavy
Komet Lite
FT – Donald 42.059
Komet Heavy
FT – Donald
Grand Products / Top Kart
Parilla Leopard
FT – Stewart 40.892
TaG Final 1
FT – Beasley 40.703
DRT Racing
TaG Masters Final 1
FT – Jewell 41.912
OTK Kart USA
TaG Final 2
FT – McMurray 40.635
MRP / Birel
Yamaha Sportsman Lite
Comet Kart Sales
Yamaha Sportsman Heavy
FT – Holden 46.010
Woltjer Racing Engines
Yamaha Jr Lite
FT – Kalish 43.581
Verde Speed Resources
Yamaha Jr Heavy
FT – Jens 43.281
Margay Racing Products
TaG Masters Final 2
FT – Jewell 41.448
Yamaha Supercan Lite
FT – Pesek 44.040
APPCO Karting
Yamaha Supercan Heavy
Championship Racing Performance
Kid Kart participants
Mark Fineis
Carter Mears
Jake Williams
WKA Mazda / Bridgestone Manufacturers Cup - National 2-cycle sprint racing at its finest
Over the past several seasons Manufacturers Cup nationals have averaged over 500 entries per event. The traditional season opener, annually held Dec. 27-30 at the Daytona Int'l Speedway Sprint Track, regularly boasts over 600 entrants with a record of 690 in 2010.
With nearly every racer running multiple classes on a Man Cup weekend, 500 to 600 entries means approximately 250 to 300 drivers.
The six-race tour features events throughout the eastern half of the country and teams based throughout the country, including the Northeast, Southeast, Midwest and West Coast.
In 2012, the series travels to Daytona; Kershaw, S.C.; Wampum, Pa.; South Bend, Ind.; Norway, Ill.; and New Castle, Ind.
Event schedule
A typical Manufacturers Cup weekend consists of four days. Thursday is parking and registration; Friday is practice; and Saturday and Sunday are devoted to one round of morning practice, qualifying, pre-finals and finals for each class.
The only deviation is Daytona, which consists of the same daily schedule, but the days of the week vary from year to year and always fall on Dec. 27-30.
Class structure
Five age categories make up the WKA Man Cup class structure.
Yamaha Rookie Sportsman (age 7 to 10) offers more inexperienced youngsters a chance to hone their skills before advancing to the Jr Sportsman categories (age 7 to 12), which offer three divisions – Cadet, Yamaha and Komet (KPV) Sportsman.
Racers between the ages of 12 and 15 have four divisions in which to compete – Yamaha Jr Lite and Heavy and Komet (KPV) Jr Lite and Heavy. Each of these divisions regularly has entry counts over 35 and some of the stiffest competition in all of junior-level karting.
The fourth age category is "senior," which is for karters 15 years old and up. Seven divisions make up the Man Cup's senior class structure – TaG 1, TaG 2, Parilla Leopard, Komet (KPV) Lite, Komet (KPV) Heavy, Yamaha Supercan Lite and Yamaha Supercan Heavy.
The fifth category is "masters," which is reserved for drivers age 35 and up. TaG Masters is the only class in this category and it runs both Saturday and Sunday on a Man Cup weekend for one class championship.
Click here for more information on the Man Cup Series class structure.
A rich history
WKA's Manufacturers Cup Series has long history of gifted racers who've gone on to successful careers in the highest forms of American motorsports. These include IndyCar and NASCAR stars Danica Patrick and Sam Hornish Jr., the late Dan Wheldon, IndyCar racer turned team owner Sarah Fisher and NASCAR up-and-comer Paulie Harraka.
NASCAR Sprint Cup standouts Jamie McMurray and A.J. Allmendinger continue to compete in the Man Cup Series when their schedules allow. The two have competed in the TaG divisions for several consecutive years at WKA Daytona KartWeek's Margay Sprint Championships and both attended the Zoom Zoom Nationals at Carolina Motorsports Park in March 2011 on an off-Cup weekend.


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Wednesday, February 22, 2012
Essemtec Introduces New hyQ Feeder Cart
The new hyQ-Feeder Cart from Essemtec holds up to 90 feeders and reels. The cart simplifies the set-up of SMD pick-and-place machines and facilitates feeder handling.
Ninety fully loaded feeders are quite heavy but, with Essemtec's hyQ-Feeder Cart, they can be moved through production quickly. The cart also doubles as an easily accessible feeder storage platform.
Especially when pick-and-place machines and component storage are not in the same location, the feeder cart is an indispensable assistant. It serves as storage for feeders used for the next job as well as a repository for feeders disassembled from the pick-and-place machine.
All types of hyQ feeders can be mounted on the cart including component reels. Additionally, transporting feeders in the cart is safe because the door and elevator thresholds will not allow the feeders to fall out. Nevertheless, mounting and dismounting feeders from the cart is simple and easy.
The Feeder Cart features a slim, agile design, allowing it to be easily pushed around tight production floors. Two racks for 45 feeders each are arranged above each other, saving space and simplifying accessibility. Additionally, the feeder cart's 360° wheels allow users to push it in any direction.
The cart is delivered as an add-on to the SMD pick-and-place systems Cobra and Paraquda. Essemtec also supplies feeder racks for table mount, for example, to install fixed feeder storage near the pick-and-place machine.


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We are regularly out on the Web. When we find a great site we list it. |
Source: http://ssdirect.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=84:lost-on-the-net-&catid=18:internet&Itemid=33
I can't settle on a favorite platform to post my insights on. I like Joomla but all my Joomla websites...
Joke number 1251 at the pharmacy ..
Kermit tells all .. who wouldn't have loved him as Yoda?
Watch for Nomination Booths at Hometown Christmas 1 Dec 2011 .. our 6th annual Hometown Christmas late night shopping event is coming soon. Please remember Thu 1 Dec 2011 from... Nice article on the tragic accident of last month .. Macleans Magazine did a 3 page spread on our kids playing football here in Southern Alberta. Cool eh.
Click on Social Media at left to view some of our current offerings. Have been testing out the Tumblr microblog system. With Magrath ramblings as my first topic. |


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Monday, April 30, 2007
Chapter 13: Myth and Reality
The Myth of Muslim Tolerance
There are a number of excellent works questioning the prevailing myth of a tolerant Islam, so that the issue will be only briefly dealt with here. Ibn Warraq, for one, gives many examples of persecution of religious dissenters and heretics throughout the Islamic world.[3] Bat Yeor also discusses in depth the intolerant treatment of minority religions at all times in Muslim history.[4] Robert Spencer also examines the question of Muslim tolerance and concludes with the following:
Did Muslims treat Christians and Jews better than Christians treated Muslims and Jews? …both sides have a lot to answer for. But this much is clear: the conventional wisdom that religious minorities had a better quality of life in the House of Islam than in Christendom is at least open to question.[5]
The favorable treatment meted out to Jews in Islamic society is one example of tolerance that is often cited. This is, however, contradicted by the documented persecution undergone by such prominent figures as Maimonides. Bostom describes the experience of a less renowned Jewish philosopher:
Moreover, we cannot ignore the testimony of Isaac b. Samuel of Acre (1270-1350 C.E.), one of the most outstanding Kabbalists of his time. Conversant with Islamic theology and often using Arabic in his exegesis, Isaac nevertheless believed that it was preferable to live under the yoke of Christendom rather than that of Islamdom.[6]
Thus, Isaac b. Samuel fled from the Holy Land to Italy and ultimately to Christian Spain. There he wrote as follows:
The word ziz in Arabic is derogatory, for when they wish to say in that tongue, 'Strike him upon the head,' 'Give him a blow upon the neck,' they say zazzhu ('hit him')…Indeed, on account of our sins they strike upon the head the children of Israel who dwell in their lands and they thus extort money from them by force. For they say in their tongue, mal al-yahudi mubah, 'it is lawful to take money of the Jews.' For, in the eyes of the Muslims, the children of Israel are as open to abuse as an unprotected field. Even in their law and statutes they rule that the testimony of a Muslim is always to be believed against that of a Jew.[7]
All religious minorities were subject to humiliation and extortion. Far worse were the sporadic pogroms and massacres:
The myth of Islamic tolerance is defied by the massacre and extermination of the Zoroastrians in Iran; the million Armenians in Turkey; the Buddhists and Hindus in India; the more than six thousand Jews in Fez, Morocco, in 1033; hundreds of Jews killed in Cordoba between 1010 and 1013; the entire Jewish community of Granada in 1066; the Jews in Marrakesh in 1232; the Jews of Tetuan, Morocco in 1790; the Jews of Baghdad in 1828; and so on ad nauseum.[8]
Even into modern times, Western ambassadors frequently remarked on the persecution suffered by religious minorities in the Ottoman Empire. In the 18th century "Turkey was no interfaith utopia." In 1758, the British ambassador observed the Sultan executing Christians and Jews for violating the Dhimmi dress code. Twelve years later "another ambassador reported that Greeks, Armenians and Jews seen outside their homes after dark were hanged. In 1785, a third noted that Muslim mobs had dismantled churches after Christians had secretly repaired them."[9] Bernard Lewis notes that the so-called "golden age of equal rights was a myth, and belief in it was a result, more than a cause" of Jewish sympathy for Islamic societies. Furthermore, the "myth was invented in 19th century Europe as a reproach to Christians—and taken up by Muslims in our own time as a reproach to Jews."[10]
Furthermore, the primary reason for whatever Muslim tolerance may have existed is that it was realized by pragmatic Islamic leaders, following the initial conquests that persecuting the large conquered population would have had a number of unfortunate results. Any attempt by Muslims to forcibly convert or drive out all infidels would have led to mass rebellion and a stiffened military resistance on the part of the yet unconquered population. It would have also destroyed the economic base of the conquered territories which provided Muslim warriors with the resources for further expansion. And, in fact, once enough of the population became Muslim, the possibility of rebellion receded and the economic dependence on non-Muslims lessened. Under these circumstances, Muslim authorities became less accommodating and put increased pressure on the remaining non-Muslims to emigrate or convert.
In addition, the nature of Islamic expansion was quite unlike the history of Christian expansion in Europe. In their rapid conquests Muslims found many different sects of nonbelievers in the conquered population. Muslim leaders found it advantageous to play off one set of infidels against another. They also found it advantageous to cultivate alliances with persecuted sects against the governing authorities in the still unconquered dar-al-harb. This would, naturally, give the illusion that Muslims were more tolerant, when in fact those infidel groups presently favored were simply pawns in a greater political game.
Fabled Andalusia was supposedly the very model of Islamic tolerance. The prevailing view is that "Andalusia under Islamic rule was a proto-multiculturalist paradigm" which is "all the more appealing to modern post-Christian Westerners because this paradise of tolerance was not constructed under the auspices of Christianity, thereby seeming to vindicate their long insistence that all cultures are equal and that some – particularly non-Christian ones – are more equal than others."[11] This myth of "Andalusia" is summed up by Yeor.
Andalusia represents the paradisiacal life of Jews and Christians living under the shari'a in the Moorish caliphate of the early Middle Ages. … Jews and Christians were grateful to be protected and to learn from the achievements of Muslim scholars … This vision propagates and imposes the theory that only in Islamic lands did science, art and civilization flourish while Christendom was still immersed in barbarism and illiteracy.[12]
Both Spencer and Yeor effectively demolish the myth of the "tolerant Andalusia." Stillman, a specialist in the history of the Jews under Islam provides an additional perspective. In iconic Spain there was a "depth of anti-Jewish sentiment" as seen in "the rabble-rousing poetry of Abu Ishaq of Elvira." Following the assassination of the Jewish vizier Joseph ha-Nagid "a mob went on a rampage in the Jewish quarter of Granada, slaughtering its inhabitants and razing the quarter to the ground."[13] The Almohad rulers ended whatever small degree of toleration of the Jews still remained in Spain. By 1172 the Almohads "tolerated neither Jews nor Christians within their empire. There were mass conversions of Jews to Islam. Many fled over the frontier into Christian Spain, while others made their way to the more tolerant Muslim East. … Jewish life in … Islamic Spain ceased to exist altogether."[14] Thus, Jews were expelled from Muslim Spain centuries before their more famous expulsion at the hands of the Christians.
Muslim Spain, therefore, was no paragon of religious toleration for the "peoples of the book". However, the circumstances for Christians and Jews in the Maghreb were far worse. In fact Christianity in the land of St. Augustine ultimately became extinct under Muslim rule. Thus in "contemporary North Africa, however, there were no native Christians to absorb some of the Muslim hostility against nonbelievers." For that reason, the persecution of the Jews of North Africa paralleled that occurring anywhere in medieval Christian Europe.[15] In Almohad North Africa the "urban Jewish population from Tunisia to Morocco had outwardly professed Islam during the height of the Almohad terror. Those communities that resisted were put to the sword." The Almohad regime also dealt the final blow to North African Christianity. "The Jews became the dhimmis par excellence in North African society, for no native Christian population seems to have survived the Almohad persecution."[16]
Muslim persecution of the Jews in the Maghreb, however, eased somewhat under the Merinids of 14th century Morocco who found the Jews to be useful allies and go-betweens with respect to the rising Portuguese power. The Merinids "employed Jews in their service because of the latter's extreme vulnerability and, hence, according to Islamic political psychology, dependability."[17] Christians in conflict with Muslims, of course, were equally capable of playing that game. In 16th century Morocco "most of the Jewish newcomers seem to have preferred living in the Portuguese-held coastal towns rather than the Islamic interior. They joined in the defense of these enclaves against Muslim attacks." The practical-minded Portuguese were "notably tolerant toward the Jews in their African possessions" long after Jews were expelled from Portugal proper in 1497.[18]
Egypt differed from the rest of North Africa, in that a strong Christian minority survived; the consequence was a slight mitigation in the situation of the Jews. "In the Mamluk Empire, the Jews were not the only infidels. The Copts more frequently and more immediately took the brunt of anti-dhimmi persecution." [19] Muslim rulers often found it useful to play one group of dhimmis off against another.
The Real Imperialism
A fantasy almost unique to modern western intellectuals of a "progressive" outlook is that Muslims are natural allies in the struggle against "imperialism". This conceit ignores the fact that it is Islamic imperialism that was by far the most successful version. "It turns out that the Arabs were the most successful imperialists of all time, since to be conquered by them (and then to be like them) is still, in the minds of the faithful, to be saved."[20]
Muslim imperialism was much more durable and robust than any existing in the ancient world. The ancient Persians conquered a large territory but were content to leave the native cultures in place or even, as in the case of the return of the Jews from exile, to preserve them. The Macedonian Greek conquests were as rapid and extensive as that of the early Arabs. However, their effect on the conquered population was superficial and their empire ephemeral. The Romans also conquered a vast territory. But in contrast to the Arab conquests, the Roman Empire took three centuries to build. Moreover, while Roman culture penetrated all of Western Europe, modern Europeans, even those speaking Latin languages do not regard themselves as 'Roman'. On the other hand, Muslim descendants of Egyptians, Babylonians and Berbers consider themselves Arab:
Arabic penetrated the conquered peoples to such an extent that at the beginning of the eighth century it had evolved into the official imperial language. … by adopting the Arabic language, the conquered peoples – Iranians, Syrians, Greeks, Copts, Berbers, Jews and Christians – placed their abundant talents and learning at the service of their conquerors …[21]
The ultimate adoption of the Arabic language and Islamic religion by indigenous populations was accompanied by the neglect and erasure of ancient traditions. A similar process followed the later Turkish conquests. Even where native languages were preserved, the adoption of Islam by the conquered led to the extirpation of much of the pre-existing culture at the hands of the Muslim imperialists.
Five centuries later the Mongols conquered an empire as large as that of the Arabs in a similar short amount of time. However, their imperialism was a failure in comparison. The Mongols wrought much devastation, but the civilization of the vanquished survived; there was no mass adoption of Mongol language or culture.
The modern empires of Western Europe encircled the globe. However, with the exception of certain sparsely populated lands, mostly in North America and Australia, there was no irrevocable displacement of aboriginal cultures. Even in the superficially Christianized lands conquered by the Spaniards the native Aztec, Mayan and Incan outlooks remain strong and have even undergone something of a modern revival. European imperialism was, paradoxically, beneficial to certain native cultures which were under attack by Islam. The British and French put an end to the African slave trade. British rule in India protected many Hindus from further Muslim depredations. And, far from attempting to replace Hindu culture, many Britons became ardent students and popularizers of Indian culture and the Hindu classics.
Furthermore, according to the historian Paul Fregosi, even the recent colonial experience of Islamic lands under European rule was much milder than that of Christian lands conquered by Muslims. When he compares "the Muslim occupation of Christian lands in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa to European colonialism, he finds that the latter was much briefer and less culturally pervasive."[22]
"Civilized" Arabs and "Barbarian" Europeans
The apologists for Islam point to the high level of civilization in the Muslim world when compared to that of early medieval Europe. They would be rather more convincing in their assertion, if the Muslim raids and conquests themselves were not a major cause of decline in the civilization of an already beleaguered West.
The effect of the Arab conquests in the Mediterranean and their continued raids and incursions on Western Europe was severe. When the Roman Empire fell into the hands of the barbarians, there was a period of upheaval. Within a short time, however, civilization in the West began to recover. Then for a few centuries beginning with the seventh, new waves of barbarians descended on Europe. From the north seafaring Vikings began their destructive incursions and at the same time Europe was attacked from the east by nomadic horsemen from the steppes. In both of these cases the invaders were eventually contained and then absorbed into the Christian civilization of Europe. However there was a third wave of invaders from the east and south. These were, of course, the Arabs, whose religion of Islam, was a much more formidable threat and was to constitute a continuing disruptive force to western European civilization and to Byzantium. The almost permanent war, the disruption of trade and the sundering of the Mediterranean were a constant drain on the economy of Europe and retarded the full recovery of western civilization right up to the time of the Renaissance. The noted authority on medieval Europe, Christopher Dawson notes the following regarding the dark ages in Europe.
But the worst had not yet come. In the seventh century the Arabs conquered Byzantine Africa, the most civilized province of the West … Early in the eighth century the tide of Moslem invasion swept over Christian Spain and threatened Gaul itself. Christendom had become an island isolated between the Moslem south and the Barbarian north.[23]
The Muslim invasion was, thus, a primary factor in the slow recovery of civilization in Europe after the shock resulting from the fall of Rome. Other distinguished historians also note the importance of continual warfare brought by Muslims in causing the decline of civilization in Europe. According to Henri Pirenne the Arab advance "changed the face of the world." The rapid Arab advance destroyed the classical civilization of Europe and "put an end to the Mediterranean commonwealth in which it had gathered its strength."[24] Historian Walter Kircher asserts that "with the conquests of the Moslems and their domination of Mediterranean trade routes, large-scale commercial activity, and with it the coining and use of money almost ceased in Western Europe."[25]
The Arab assault upon the west continued into later centuries. The navy of the Aghlabids of North Africa (800-909), "harried the coasts of Italy, France, Corsica and Sardinia." They conquered Sicily in 902. "Besides Sicily, Malta and Sardinia were seized mainly by pirates whose raids extended as far as Rome."[26] Moreover, as we have seen, there were continuing raids by Muslim corsairs seeking booty and slaves on the coasts and shipping of Western Europe. Despite this harassment, civilization in the West recovered and eventually far surpassed that of Islam.
Therefore, the temporary superiority of Muslim civilization in the seventh through the tenth century is irrelevant. Islam came into possession of the most advanced and civilized lands in the world. And, as was shown in Chapter 11, after a brief period of high culture, Muslims squandered this advantage. At the same time, Muslim predation helped to cause and then to prolong the European dark ages.
Western Europe was not the only region whose civilization was retarded by Islamic aggression. Byzantium was also under constant pressure from Muslims. This may, at least partly, explain the long stagnation of Byzantine civilization. This Byzantine stagnation continued until the later middle ages. The late Byzantine renaissance that then occurred, ironically, may have been due to a deep recognition on the part of cultured Byzantines that their end at the hands of the implacable Muslims was inevitable leading them to devote resources to one final amazing effort. Without the constant Islamic attacks one can only speculate what heights the Byzantine genius might have attained. As it turned out the last Byzantine renaissance was effectively displaced to safer soil in Italy and the West. The unfortunate fate of the ancient Hindu civilization is still another example of the destructive nature of the Islamic meme with respect to adjacent cultures.
In general, any non-Muslim population subject either to razzias or to direct Muslim rule suffered from cultural atrophy. Any intellectual resources arising in such cultures were appropriated, through conversion, slavery or dhimmitude, to serve the interests of the Islamic state. In Ottoman ruled Europe there was an absence of any great achievement at the very time that the neighboring European nations were experiencing rapid advancement. The historian A. H. Lybyer notes the disincentive to achievement experienced by populations subjected to Muslim warfare or conquest:
The Ottoman system took children forever from parents, discouraged family cares among its members through their most active years, allowed them no certain hold upon property, gave them no definite promise that their sons and daughters would profit by their success and sacrifice, raised and lowered them with no regard for ancestry or previous distinction, taught them a strange law, ethics and religion, and ever kept them conscious of a sword raised above their heads which might put an end at any moment to a brilliant career.[27]
That the Balkans, once the site of the last brilliant Byzantine renaissance, "did not produce great art and science under the Ottomans is no mystery."[28]
The Myth of the Crusades
Few things are more certain to put Westerners on the defensive than the mention of the Crusades. "Virtually all Westerners have learned to apologize for the Crusades. Less noted is the fact that these campaigns have an Islamic counterpart for which no one is apologizing and of which few are even aware."[29]
The notion of hordes of violent barbaric Europeans descending on civilized Muslims who had, since time immemorial, lived in peace on their ancestral lands is a fabrication. In the late eleventh century, as we have seen, western Christendom finally imbibed the ideology of holy war from its longtime Muslim adversaries – the speech of Pope Urban at Clermont in 1095 initiating both the crusades and the gathering speed of the Spanish reconquista. Christians were certainly no slackers when it came to warfare and violence, but the condemnation of such actions in the New Testament presented Christian religious leaders with an almost insurmountable obstacle in finding scriptural sanction for unleashing war on distant lands. Trifkovic describes the dilemma:
What the Crusaders did to the Muslim inhabitants of Jerusalem in 1099 was as bad as what the Muslims had done to countless Christian cities before and after that time, but the carnage was less pardonable because, unlike the Muslims', it was not justifiable by Christian religious tenets. From the distance of almost a millennium, however, it is time to see the phenomenon as Christendom's reaction to Muslim aggression. It was a reconquest of something taken by force from its rightful owners …[30]
This alleged Western aggression was, therefore, simply a retaking of lost Christian territory for if "Westerners had no right to invade these putative Muslim places, then Muslims had no right to conquer them to begin with."[31] It is, of course, true that
…these sins of the Muslims do not excuse the sins that the Christians committed against them in return. One massacre doesn't cancel out another. But clearly what we now call 'human rights abuses' have not come only from the Western side, and the recent defensiveness of the West before the House of Islam and the world on this issue is hardly justified by the facts.[32]
Furthermore, the Crusades were ineffective in ending Muslim aggression against Christian lands. Long after the Crusades "had become a distant memory in the West, the warriors of jihad continued to press into the heart of Europe." The fall of the Crusader stronghold of Acre in 1291 put an end to crusading activity in the Muslim east. "Through the next four centuries, however, Muslim armies solidified their hold on southeastern Europe and kept advancing whenever and wherever it was possible to do so."[33]
Islam and Christianity
It is one of the delights of modern historians to unfavorably compare Christianity with Islam. Both religions, of course, are the offspring of Judaism. However, their early histories could not be more different. Christianity came to power after centuries as a marginal and often persecuted sect. Islam, after less than a decade of persecution, became a distinct religion at the same time that it assumed political power. Islam from its beginning was always more of a political than a religious movement.
The difference between the two faiths is exemplified by the activities of pious reformers. Pietistic and monastic movements arising within the framework of Christian society were invariably pacific and quietist, seeking a return to the basic New Testament principles. Similar movements within Islam, however, were usually warlike, aggressive and militant in conformity with basic Koranic doctrine. One need only compare and contrast the activities of St. Francis and his followers with those of the communal military sects of North Africa founded by pious Muslim scholars. Warlike, angry and violent Christians, while marking most of Christian history acted in direct contradiction to the teachings of the founder of the religion. Similar warlike and violent Muslims behaved according to the precepts of their Prophet.
Furthermore, the experience of the newly triumphant Christianity following the conversion of the emperor Constantine contrasts with that of conquering Islam. The early Muslim rulers had to deal with the existence of populations following other higher religions. Christians, on the other hand, were only confronted by an outmoded paganism and a small population of Jews. Muslim rulers, as a practical matter, had to tolerate large non-Muslim populations for many years. Similarly, as a practical matter, Christian rulers had to tolerate paganism for several centuries after assuming political power. Long afterward, paganism continued to exist in a subterranean manner sometimes surfacing as witchcraft, or as the Neo-Platonism which openly emerged during the Renaissance. Christianity also adopted many pagan practices, as Islam inevitably incorporated beliefs and practices of preceding religions.
While Muslims ruled over both Christian and Jewish dhimmis, Christian rulers only had to contend with the existence of Jews as a rival religion. The experience of dhimmis under Islam paralleled that of Jews under Christianity. Christian and Jewish dhimmis were sometimes persecuted and sometimes protected or even utilized by Muslim rulers. Similarly, Jews in Christian Europe were often persecuted but also often protected or even favored by tolerant or practical secular or religious leaders. Often their talents and international connections were utilized by Christian monarchs as they were by Muslim sultans. There were times that Christian reformers, e.g. Cromwell and the Puritans, showed friendship to Jews as a way of making theological points. Also in some instances, as in Byzantium and Venice, itinerant Muslims were granted some measure of tolerance. Similarly in Reconquista Spain up until the 16th century, various Muslim populations lived under the protection of Christian rulers in a sort of reverse dhimmitude. On the whole, therefore, the experience of other religious groups living under both Christianity and Islam were similar.
Although established Christian and Muslim societies share many common features, with respect to proselytism and conversion, the historical experience of the two religions were quite different. The initial spread of Christianity was peaceful, whereas that of Islam was the result of violence. Walter Brandmüller outlines the different ways that Christianity and Islam began:
For the Christians, conversion was something that must be voluntary and individual, obtained primarily through preaching and example, and this is how Christianity did in fact spread during its first centuries. Obviously, we must immediately note that this conception of early Christianity underwent changes in later eras, connected with the diffusion of a spirit of religious intolerance in Western culture. John Paul II himself acknowledged that in this regard the Church's children 'must return with a spirit of repentance [for] the acquiescence given, especially in certain centuries, to intolerance and even the use of violence in the service of truth.' (Tertio Millennio Adveniente, 35).
But on the part of the Muslims, from the earliest times, even while Mohammed was still alive, conversion was imposed through the use of force. The expansion and extension of Islam's sphere of influence came through war with the tribes that did not accept conversion peacefully, and this went hand in hand with submission to Islamic political authority. Islamism, unlike Christianity, expressed a comprehensive religious, cultural, social, and political strategy. While Christianity spread during its first three centuries in spite of persecution and martyrdom, and in many ways in opposition to Roman domination, introducing a clear separation between the spiritual and political spheres, Islam was imposed through the power of political domination.[34]
Moreover, neither religion had a monopoly on either toleration or persecution of religious minorities. The continued existence of Jews in Europe could not have occurred if there were no philosemitic or at least pragmatic members of the ruling elite. Practical Christian rulers also tolerated Muslims in reconquered territory as was the case in Sicily and early Reconquista Spain and later in Russia and the Balkans. And, of course, mercantile minded Christian rulers as in Constantinople and Venice mandated freedom of worship for Muslim merchants.
Muslims were quite as capable of persecuting Jews as were Christians. The rabbi Isaac b. Samuel (cf. above) wrote the following:
For this reason our rabbis of blessed memory have said, 'Rather beneath the yoke of Edom [Christendom] than that of Ishmael.' They plead for mercy before the Holy One, Blessed be He, saying, 'Master of the World, either let us live beneath Thy shadow or else beneath that of the children of Edom' (a Talmudic verse)[35]
Thus, Muslims were not always more tolerant of Jews than were Christians nor was the flow of Jewish refugees as between Christian and Muslim lands always one way, as the conventional wisdom would have us believe. Indeed, under the fanatical Almohads the position of both Christians and Jews in Spain became quite untenable.
The succeeding Almohads (1130-1232) wrought tremendous destruction upon both the Jewish and Christian populations in Spain and North Africa. This devastation—massacre, captivity, and forced conversion—was described by the Jewish chronicler Abraham Ibn Daud, and the poet Abraham Ibn Ezra. Suspicious of the sincerity of the Jewish converts to Islam, Muslim "inquisitors" (i.e., antedating their Christian Spanish counterparts by three centuries) removed the children from such families, placing them in the care of Muslim educators. …
These brutal, discriminatory practices resulted in a massive emigration of Jews and Jewish converts to Islam to the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian peninsula, from both Muslim-controlled Al-Andalus and the North African Maghreb. During the first half of the 13th century, Jaime I of Aragon, in particular, advanced policies of protecting Jews within his territories, granting safe-conduct and letters of naturalization to all Jews who made their way by land or sea, and established themselves in the states of Majorca, Catalonia, and Valencia. Jewish converts to Islam were permitted to return to Judaism if they wished so. Within 250 years, however, the descendants of these Jews who had escaped the Muslim Almohad depredations would be subjected to the fanatical rage of the Spanish Inquisition, and some of them would find refuge under the suzerainty of the Muslim Ottoman empire, especially in the region of Salonika, at the end of the 15th century. To complete this morose cycle of persecution, the vacuum filled by Jews fleeing the Spanish Inquisition was created when their co-religionist counterparts—the Jews living under Byzantine (and Venetian) rule in Thrace—were subjected to massacre, pillage, enslavement, and deportation by these same Ottoman conquerors, during their jihad campaigns of the early to mid-15th century.[36]
Both religions zealously persecuted heretics and apostates. However, centuries before the inquisition was institutionalized, Muslim rulers were executing and often burning heretics. In 742 Dja'd Ibn Dirham was put to death for believing in free will and that the Koran was created. Ibn al-Muqaffa, well known for his rational and unorthodox religious views, was burned in 760. Furthermore under the caliph "Mansur's successors, al-Mahdi (775-785 C.E.) and al-Hadi (785-786 C.E.) repression, persecution, and executions were applied with even greater ferocity. Special magistrates were appointed to pursue the heretics, and the whole inquisition was masterminded by the Grand Inquisitor, called the Sahih al-Zanadiqa. It was enough for a simple rumor to be aired for the Inquisitor to take immediate steps to incriminate the suspect."[37] It is noteworthy that the Catholic country where the Inquisition was practiced with the most zeal and greatest effect was Spain, which had been under Muslim rule for centuries. Even the family of the prophet, the Hashimites, was not safe from this early inquisition. "Several members of the family were executed or died in prison."[38] The scholar Al-Sarakhsi was executed in 899 after "he incurred the wrath of the caliph" for his public discussion of heretical doctrines.[39]
As demonstrated by the Crusades, Christianity was also able to mount religious war. Warfare, in general, among Christians was frequent. However, neither "Christianity nor any other religion has ever had a doctrine like jihad. … Ibn Khaldun acknowledges this … 'The other religious groups … did not have a universal mission, and the holy war was not a religious duty to them, save only for purposes of defense.' … Islam is 'under obligation to gain power over other nations.'"[40] It is an undeniable fact that "the Crusaders who pillaged Jerusalem were transgressing the bounds of their religion in all sorts of ways." However, the Muslim warriors who "murdered, raped, pillaged and enslaved", were following Muhammad's example.[41]
Modern progressives are profuse in their condemnation of the treatment of women in Christian societies. However, the condition of women in Muslim ruled lands is incomparably worse. Bernard Lewis makes the following succinct, but apt, cultural comparison:
The women of Christian Europe were very far from achieving any kind of equality, but they were not subject to polygamy or legal concubinage. Even the limited measure of freedom and participation that they enjoyed never failed to shock a succession of Muslim visitors – all of them male – to Western lands. Western civilization was richer for women's presence; Muslim civilization poorer by their absence.[42]
The institution of Muslim slavery was discussed at length.[43] The difference between Christian and Muslim attitudes toward this institution is also noted by Lewis:
Although it was known in medieval Europe, slavery was of minor importance there, far less significant in the social and economic life of Europe than in pre-Columbian America or in Muslim and non-Muslim Africa. … The inventiveness and cupidity of Europe, learning from and drawing on the plantation systems and the slave trade of Africa and the Islamic world, found this answer. Colonial slavery and the seaborne slave trade became a major factor in the crisscrossing interchanges between the four shores of the Atlantic – western Europe, western Africa, North America, and South America.
But it was Europe, too, that first decided to set the slaves free: at home, then in the colonies, and finally in all the world. Western technology made slavery unnecessary; Western ideas made it intolerable. There have been many slaveries, but there has been only one abolition, which eventually shattered even the rooted and ramified slave systems of the Old World.[44]
Moreover, it is of interest to note that the Spanish and Portuguese, the Christians most influenced by Islamic culture, were the first to apply large scale colonial slavery and whose traders introduced it to other western colonial powers.
In the next chapter, the origins of these prevailing myths regarding Islam are considered. In addition, the reasons for the abrupt revival of the aggressive Islamic meme, after several centuries of somnolence are examined.
[1] Chapter 11: The Parasitic Civilization.
[2] Chapter 8: The Slave Society.
[3] Warraq, Why I Am Not a Muslim, pp. 278-81.
[4] Yeor, Islam and Dhimmitude.
[5] Spencer, Islam Unveiled, p. 155.
[6] Bostom, The Legacy of Jihad in Palestine.
[7] Ibid
[8] Alyssa A. Lappen, And Dhimmitude For All, FrontPageMagazine.com, April 11, 2005.
[9] Ibid
[10] Bernard Lewis, in the Encyclopedia of Islam, 1968 quoted in Lappen, And Dhimmitude For All.
[11] Spencer, Onward Muslim Soldiers, p. 186.
[12] Bat Yeor, Eurabia, USA, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2005, p. 191.
[13] Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands, p. 59.
[14] Ibid, p. 61.
[15] Ibid, p. 75.
[16] Ibid, pp. 76-77.
[17] Ibid, p. 79.
[18] Ibid, p. 82.
[19] Ibid, p. 75.
[20] Naipaul, Among the Believers, p. 142.
[21] Karsh, Islamic Imperialism, pp. 26-7.
[22] Spencer, Islam Unveiled, p. 140.
[23] Christopher Dawson, The Making of Europe, Cleveland, Meridian, 1956, p. 171.
[24] Quoted in Vasiliev, History of the Byzantine Empire, p. 390.
[25] Walter Kircher, Western Civilization to 1500, New York, Harper Perennial, 1991, p. 157.
[26] Hitti, History of the Arabs, p. 451.
[27] Quoted in Murray, Human Accomplishment, p. 364.
[28] Ibid
[29] Spencer, Islam Unveiled, p. 132.
[30] Trifkovic, The Sword of the Prophet, p. 102.
[31] Spencer, Islam Unveiled, p. 139.
[32] Ibid, p. 137.
[33] Ibid, p. 140.
[34] Walter Brandmüller, Christianity and Islam in History, Frontpagemag.com, December 27, 2005.
[35] Bostom, The Legacy of Jihad in Palestine.
[36] Andrew Bostom, Jihad in Europe: Past as Prologue?, FrontPageMagazine.com, February 20, 2006.
[37] Warraq, Leaving Islam, p. 44.
[38] Ibid
[39] Ibid, p. 49.
[40] Spencer, Onward Muslim Soldiers, p. 174.
[41] Spencer, Islam Unveiled, p. 137.
[42] Lewis, Cultures in Conflict, p. 24.
[43] Chapter 8: The Slave Society.
[44] Lewis, Cultures in Conflict, p. 72.
10 comments:
- KAOSKTRL said...
Good stuff you should do some youtube commentary
- October 12, 2007 at 12:31 PM
it is a opener to blind muslim like me.Now i ahave become rational
- April 20, 2008 at 9:56 PM
needs Mankind controlled Plague and cholera and survived. The epidemic of Islam is defying a cure as Sex is the creed and Islamic men are kept tied to the illogical faith with promise of uninhibited sex in this world and the one in son called heaven.
Islam is all about sex, stupid! - May 12, 2008 at 9:30 AM
Jehad in Kashmir was nurtured by some very famous doctors like Dr. Guru, Dr. Alaqaband in 1989. The Jehadis got sanctuary in the famed Sheri Kashmir Medical Research Institute. They would kill Hindus and to escape arrest would occupy the patients beds and pretend to be sick. Soon these very Doctors started getting mid night knocks from these Jehadis. Dr. Alaqaband was horrified to see Jehadis seeking sex with his young girls. He fled the state of Kashmir and took refuge in New Delhi, capital of India, a state against which he had waged Jehad. Seek refuge in Delhi to save your girls from Islamic rape, yet wage war against your saviours. This is creed of Islam as is practiced.
Over all, 18 years later after Jehad in Kashmir began, the Muslims have paid dearly to keep their faith. Jehadis have waged war against the Indian State but sought their wages from the local Muslim population in terms of sex with preferably virgins. Fear of Jehadis and hope of forming Nizame Mustafa has prevented the population from rising against the sexual-jehadi adventures at night and gun battles with Indian police during the day.
The Muslim leaders have turned a Nelosn's eye against the sexcapades of Islamists. They have gained milions of Dollars in the bargain from Pakisatn and Saudi Arabia. They have however, taken care to hide their own daughters in the Indian States , against whom back in Kashmir they help wage a war of Jehad. . - May 12, 2008 at 9:48 AM
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- Microsoft Office 2007 said...
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- November 17, 2010 at 10:14 PM
- M.Usman ghani said...
"You are the best of the nations raised up for
(the benefit of)men: you enjoin what is right and
forbid the wrong and believe in Allah." (3:llO)
http://freeislamicebooks.blogspot.com/ - June 13, 2011 at 10:20 AM
- zai shenlaizai said...
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For instance, hybrid wheels are apt to warp if subjected to the rigors of the trail.
For that reason, many riders find mountain bikes even more versatile than hybrids. - January 20, 2013 at 6:12 PM
- zai shenlaizai said...
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- March 6, 2013 at 6:47 PM


text:
Culture is getting sicker
The same Times Argus (Jan. 24) in which the editorial mused on the idea of making judges aware of the cost effects of their decisions, featured a lengthy article about the fatal crash in Rutland caused by a young fellow huffing Dust-Off while driving.
A girl was killed, a young man, not particularly intending to kill anyone, may have to spend the rest of his life in prison. Lets say that would be 50 years. According to the editorial, the price of justice in a 20-year sentence would be $900,000. Do the math for 50 years. This amount would be borne by the taxpayers.
Apparently, the young man in Rutland was unemployed and idle. He may well have been been growing up on the edge of, or in, the same sick culture as exists in other towns and cities around the nation where young people are rudderless, or just bored, or angry, or even desperate.
That culture is ignored, neglected, or attacked by authorities who, it seems to me, have neither wisdom nor compassion.
We, the taxpayers, allow that culture to get sicker and sicker. So lets say its fair that we pay the price for the scapegoats to rot in prison.
Louise Sandberg
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