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WikipediaRead full entry
Aronia is a genus of deciduous shrubs, the chokeberries, in the family Rosaceae, native to eastern North America and most commonly found in wet woods and swamps.[2][3][4] The genus is usually considered to contain two[5] or three[4][6] species, one of which is naturalized in Europe.[7] A fourth form that has long been cultivated under the name Aronia[6] is now considered to be an intergeneric hybrid, Sorbaronia mitschurinii.
Chokeberries are cultivated as ornamental plants and as food products. The sour berries can be eaten raw off the bush, but are more frequently processed. They can be found in wine, jam, syrup, juice, soft spreads, tea, salsa, chili starters, extracts, beer, ice cream, gummies and tinctures.[8] The name "chokeberry" comes from the astringency of the fruits, which create a sensation making one's mouth pucker.[8]
Chokeberries are often mistakenly called chokecherries, which is the common name for Prunus virginiana. Further adding to the ambiguity, a variety of Prunus virginiana is named melanocarpa,[9] readily confused with Aronia melanocarpa, commonly referred to as "black chokeberry" or "aronia". Aronia berries and chokecherries are both high in polyphenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, yet the two plants are distantly related within the Rosaceae family.
Identification and taxonomy[edit]
The leaves are alternate, simple, and oblanceolate with crenate margins and pinnate venation; in autumn the leaves turn a bold red color. Dark trichomes are present on the upper midrib surface. The flowers are small, with 5 petals and 5 sepals, and produced in corymbs of 10-25 together. Hypanthium is urn-shaped. The fruit is a small pome, with an astringent flavor.
Aronia has been thought to be closely related to Photinia, and has been included in that genus in some classifications,[10] but botanist Cornelis Kalkman observed that a combined genus should be under the older name Aronia.[11] The combined genus contains about 65 species.[12] In 2004, Kalkman expressed doubt about the monophyly of the combined group, and new molecular studies confirm this.[1][13] They do not place these two genera together or even near one another.
In eastern North America are two well-known species, named after their fruit color, red chokeberry and black chokeberry, plus a purple chokeberry whose origin is a natural hybrid of the two.[12] A fourth species, Aronia mitschurinii, that apparently originated in cultivation, is also known as Sorbaronia mitschurinii.[14]
Red chokeberry, Aronia arbutifolia (Photinia pyrifolia), grows to 2–4m tall, rarely up to 6 m and 1-2 m wide. Leaves are 5–8 cm wide and densely pubescent on the underside. The flowers are white or pale pink, 1 cm wide, with glandular sepals. The fruit is red, 4–10 mm wide, persisting into winter.
Black chokeberry, Aronia melanocarpa (Photinia melanocarpa),[2] tends to be smaller, rarely exceeding 1 m tall and 3 m wide, and spreads readily by root sprouts. The leaves are smaller, not more than 6-cm wide, with terminal glands on leaf teeth and a glabrous underside. The flowers are white, 1.5 cm wide, with glabrous sepals. The fruit is black, 6–9 mm wide, not persisting into winter.
Purple chokeberry, Aronia prunifolia (Photinia floribunda)[3] apparently originated as a hybrid of the black and red chokeberries but might be more accurately considered a distinct species than a hybrid[12] (see also nothospecies). Leaves are moderately pubescent on the underside. Few to no glands are present on the sepal surface. The fruit is dark purple to black, 7–10 mm in width, not persisting into winter. There are purple chokeberry populations which seem to be self-sustaining independent of the two parent species – including an introduced one in northern Germany where neither parent species occurs – leading botanist Alan Weakley to consider it a full species rather than a hybrid.[12] The range of the purple chokeberry is roughly that of the black chokeberry; it is found in areas (such as Michigan and Missouri) where the red chokeberry is not.[15]
Products and uses[edit]
The chokeberries are attractive ornamental plants for gardens. They are naturally understory and woodland edge plants, and grow well when planted under trees. Chokeberries are resistant to drought, insects, pollution, and disease. A number of cultivars, including A. arbutifolia 'Brilliant' and A. melanocarpa 'Autumn magic', have been selected for their striking fall leaf color.
An aronia wine is made in Lithuania. In Poland, aronia berries are dried to make an herbal tea sometimes blended with other flavorful ingredients, such as blackcurrant.[16] Aronia is also used as a flavoring or colorant for beverages or yogurts.[16] Juice from the ripe berries is astringent, semi-sweet (moderate sugar content), sour (low pH), and contains a low level of vitamin C.[17] The berries have their own unique flavor and, in addition to juice, can be baked into breads.[16] In the United States and Canada, aronia berries are used in juice blends for color and marketed for their antioxidant properties.
Polyphenol content[edit]
Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) has attracted scientific interest due to its deep purple, almost black pigmentation that arises from dense contents of polyphenols, especially anthocyanins. Total polyphenol content is 1752 mg per 100 g in fresh berries,[18] anthocyanin content is 1480 mg per 100 g, and proanthocyanidin concentration is 664 mg per 100 g.[19][20] These values are among the highest measured in plants to date. The black aronia species contains higher levels of anthocyanins than purple (Aronia prunifolia) or red aronia (Aronia arbutifolia), whereas the order of total polyphenols was reported as purple = red > black.[21]
The plant produces these pigments mainly in the leaves and skin of the berries to protect the pulp and seeds from constant exposure to ultraviolet radiation and production of free radicals.[22][23][24] By absorbing UV rays in the blue-purple spectrum, leaf and skin pigments filter intense sunlight, serve antioxidant functions and thereby have a role assuring regeneration of the species. Brightly colorful pigmentation also attracts birds and other animals to consume the fruit and disperse the seeds in their droppings.[25]
Analysis of polyphenols in chokeberries has identified the following individual chemicals (among hundreds known to exist in the plant kingdom): cyanidin-3-galactoside, cyanidin-3-arabinoside, quercetin-3-glycoside, epicatechin, caffeic acid, delphinidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, and malvidin.[19][21][26] All these except caffeic acid are members of the flavonoid category of phenolics.
For reference to phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and similar plant-derived phytochemicals,[18] Wikipedia has a list of phytochemicals and foods in which they are prominent.
Preliminary research[edit]
Basic research on aronia has addressed potential mechanisms for reducing risk of disease. Models under evaluation include:
- reduction of blood cholesterol[27]
- colorectal cancer[28]
- cardiovascular disease[29]
- chronic inflammation[30]
- gastric mucosal disorders (peptic ulcer)[31]
- eye inflammation (uveitis)[32]
- liver failure[33]
- anti-adhesion properties[34]
- platelet function in patients with breast cancer[35]
- arterial hypertension[36]
- cervical cancer[37]
- immunomodulation[38]
- ^ a b Potter, D., et al. (2007). Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 266(1–2): 5–43. [Referring to the subfamily by the name "Spiraeoideae"]
- ^ a b "Photinia melanocarpa (Michx.) K.R. Robertson & Phipps". USDA PLANTS.
- ^ a b "Photinia floribunda". USDA PLANTS.
- ^ a b A. A. Reznicek, E. G. Voss, and B. S. Walters (February 2011). "Michigan Flora Online". University of Michigan. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
- ^ Mark Brand (2010). "Aronia: Native Shrubs With Untapped Potential". Arnoldia 67 (3): 14–25.
- ^ a b "USDA GRIN entry for Aronia".
- ^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy, distribution entry for Aronia × prunifolia".
- ^ a b Everhart, Eldon (March 4, 2009). "Aronia - A New Crop for Iowa". Retrieved May 24, 2013.
- ^ "Prunus virginiana L. var. melanocarpa (A. Nelson) Sarg.: black chokecherry". United States Department of Agriculture.
- ^ Robertson, K. R., J. B. Phipps, J. R. Rohrer, and P. G. Smith. 1991. A synopsis of genera in Maloideae (Rosaceae). Systematic Botany 16:376–394.
- ^ Kalkman, C. 2004. Rosaceae. In The families and genera of vascular plants. Edited by K. Kubitzki. Springer, Berlin. pp. 343–386, isbn=3-540-06512-1. in Google books, page 377
- ^ a b c d Alan S. Weakley (April 2008). "Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, and Surrounding Areas".
- ^ Campbell C. S., R. C. Evans, D. R. Morgan, T. A. Dickinson, and M. P. Arsenault (2007). "Phylogeny of subtribe Pyrinae (formerly the Maloideae, Rosaceae): Limited resolution of a complex evolutionary history". Pl. Syst. Evol. 266: 119–145. doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0545-y.
- ^ Sennikov, A.N.; Phipps, J.B. (2013). "Atlas Florae Europaeae notes, 19 – 22. Nomenclatural changes and taxonomic adjustments in some native and introduced species of Malinae (Rosaceae) in Europe". Willdenowia - Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem 43 (1): 33–44. doi:10.3372/wi.43.43104.
- ^ James W. Hardin (May–Jun 1973). "The Enigmatic Chokeberries (Aronia, Rosaceae)". Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 100 (3): 178–184. doi:10.2307/2484630. JSTOR 2484630.
- ^ a b c Steven A. McKay (March 17, 2004). "Demand increasing for aronia and elderberry in North America". New York Berry News 3 (11).
- ^ Skupien K, Oszmianski J (2007). "The effect of mineral fertilization on nutritive value and biological activity of chokeberry fruit". Agric Food Sci 16: 46–55. doi:10.2137/145960607781635822. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
- ^ a b "Total polyphenols in black chokeberry". http://www.phenol-explorer.eu. Phenol-Explorer. 2014. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
- ^ a b Wu X, Gu L, Prior RL, McKay S (2004). "Characterization of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in some cultivars of Ribes, Aronia and Sambucus and their antioxidant capacity". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52 (26): 7846–56. doi:10.1021/jf0486850. PMID 15612766.
- ^ Wu X et al. (2006). "Concentrations of anthocyanins in common foods in the United States and estimation of normal consumption". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54 (1): 4069–75. doi:10.1021/jf060300l. PMID 16719536.
- ^ a b Taheri, R; Connolly, B. A.; Brand, M. H.; Bolling, B. W. (2013). "Underutilized chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa, Aronia arbutifolia, Aronia prunifolia) accessions are rich sources of anthocyanins, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and proanthocyanidins". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 61 (36): 8581–8. doi:10.1021/jf402449q. PMID 23941506.
- ^ Simon PW (1996). "Plant pigments for color and nutrition". United States Department of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
- ^ Lee, J. E.; Kim, G. S.; Park, S; Kim, Y. H.; Kim, M. B.; Lee, W. S.; Jeong, S. W.; Lee, S. J.; Jin, J. S.; Shin, S. C. (2014). "Determination of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) polyphenol components using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Overall contribution to antioxidant activity". Food Chemistry 146: 1–5. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.029. PMID 24176305.
- ^ Ipatova, O. M.; Prozorovskaia, N. N.; Rusina, I. F.; Prozorovskiĭ, V. N. (2003). "Antioxidant properties of a leaf extract from Aronia (Aronia melanocarba) containing proanthocyanidins". Biomeditsinskaia khimiia 49 (2): 165–76. PMID 14565080.
- ^ "Anthocyanins FAQ". MadSci Network. 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
- ^ Neveu V et al. (2010). "Phenol-Explorer: an online comprehensive database on polyphenol contents in foods". Centre de Recherche de Clermont-Ferrand, France. doi:10.1093/database/bap024. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
- ^ Kim, B.; Ku, C. S.; Pham, T. X.; Park, Y.; Martin, D. A.; Xie, L.; Taheri, R.; Lee, J.; Bolling, B. W. (2013). "Aronia melanocarpa (chokeberry) polyphenol–rich extract improves antioxidant function and reduces total plasma cholesterol in apolipoprotein E knockout mice". Nutrition Research 33 (5): 406–413. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2013.03.001. PMID 23684442.
- ^ Lala, G., Malik, M., Zhao, C., He, J., Kwon, Y., Giusti, M. M., & Magnuson, B. A. (2006). "Anthocyanin-rich extracts inhibit multiple biomarkers of colon cancer in rats". Nutr Cancer 54 (1): 84–93. doi:10.1207/s15327914nc5401_10. PMID 16800776.
- ^ Bell, D. R., & Gochenaur, K (2006). "Direct vasoactive and vasoprotective properties of anthocyanin-rich extracts". J Appl Physiol 100 (4): 1164–70. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00626.2005. PMID 16339348.
- ^ Han, G.-L., Li, C.-M., Mazza, G., & Yang, X.-G (2005). "Effect of anthocyanin rich fruit extract on PGE2 produced by endothelial cells". Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 34 (5): 581–4. PMID 16329602.
- ^ Valcheva-Kuzmanova, S., Marazova, K., Krasnaliev, I., Galunska, B., Borisova, P., & Belcheva, A (2005). "Effect of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal damage and oxidative stress in rats". Exp Toxicol Pathol 56 (6): 385–92. doi:10.1016/j.etp.2005.01.001. PMID 15945278.
- ^ Ohgami, K., Ilieva, I., Shiratori, K., Koyama, Y., Jin, X.-H., Yoshida, K., Kase, S., Kitaichi, N., Suzuki, Y., Tanaka, T., Ohno, S. (2005). "Anti-inflammatory effects of aronia extract on rat endotoxin-induced uveitis". Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 46 (1): 275–81. doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0715. PMID 15623784.
- ^ Valcheva-Kuzmanova, S., Borisova, P., Galunska, B., Krasnaliev, I., Belcheva, A. (2004). "Hepatoprotective effect of the natural fruit juice from Aronia melanocarpa on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage in rats". Exp Toxicol Pathol 56 (3): 195–201. doi:10.1016/j.etp.2004.04.012. PMID 15625789.
- ^ Olas, B; Wachowicz, B; Nowak, P; Kedzierska, M; Tomczak, A; Stochmal, A; Oleszek, W; Jeziorski, A; Piekarski, J (2008). "Studies on antioxidant properties of polyphenol-rich extract from berries of Aronia melanocarpa in blood platelets". Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society 59 (4): 823–35. PMID 19212014.
- ^ Kedzierska, M; Olas, B; Wachowicz, B; Stochmal, A; Oleszek, W; Jeziorski, A; Piekarski, J; Glowacki, R (2009). "An extract from berries of Aronia melanocarpa modulates the generation of superoxide anion radicals in blood platelets from breast cancer patients". Planta Medica 75 (13): 1405–9. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1185718. PMID 19444773.
- ^ Ciocoiu, M; Badescu, L; Miron, A; Badescu, M (2013). "The involvement of a polyphenol-rich extract of black chokeberry in oxidative stress on experimental arterial hypertension". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013: 912769. doi:10.1155/2013/912769. PMC 3600185. PMID 23533529.
- ^ Rugină, D; Sconţa, Z; Leopold, L; Pintea, A; Bunea, A; Socaciu, C (2012). "Antioxidant activities of chokeberry extracts and the cytotoxic action of their anthocyanin fraction on He La human cervical tumor cells". Journal of Medicinal Food 15 (8): 700–6. doi:10.1089/jmf.2011.0246. PMC 3407391. PMID 22846076.
- ^ Xu, J; Mojsoska, B (2013). "The immunomodulation effect of Aronia extract lacks association with its antioxidant anthocyanins". Journal of Medicinal Food 16 (4): 334–42. doi:10.1089/jmf.2012.0151. PMID 23566059.
Further reading[edit]
- Aronia berries profile Report revised October 2013 by Joe M. Hannan, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, Commercial Horticulture Field Specialist


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CARSON, Calif. (Tuesday, January 17, 2012) – The MLS Cup 2011 Champion LA Galaxy made five selections in the four-round, 76-pick MLS Supplemental Draft, which was held this afternoon via conference call. The Galaxy held their four natural selections as well as an additional fourth round pick (62nd overall), which they acquired from Chivas USA in a trade last August, in the Draft.
WATCH: Bryan Gaul Highlights
With their only first round pick (19th overall) of the Supplemental Draft, the Galaxy selected Bryan Gaul from Bradley University. A four-year starter for the Braves, the 6-foot-5, Naperville, Ill. native began his college career as a defender and midfielder before being moved up front ahead of the start of his junior season. In his final two seasons at Bradley, Gaul, who played club soccer for the Chicago Magic, scored 23 goals and added eight assists, giving him 31 goals and 13 assists in 83 games for his college career. He was an All-Missouri Valley Conference selection as a junior and again as a senior, when he finished second in the Conference in scoring.
WATCH: Rafael Garcia Highlights
In the second round (38th overall), the Galaxy selected Cal State-Northridge midfielder Rafael Garcia. A native of Granada Hills, Calif., Garcia was named to the All-Big West Conference First Team as a senior despite missing six games at the start of the season. A teammate of current Galaxy defender Sean Franklin with the Matadors in 2007, Garcia finished his college career with six goals and nine assists in 68 games. A Galaxy fan growing up, Garcia played high school soccer at Canoga Park High School, graduating in 2006 before heading to Cal State-Northridge. He missed the most of the 2008 season after suffering a knee injury in the first game of that year, but he returned to start all 50 of the games that he appeared in from 2009-2011, tallying a career-high six assists in 2010.
WATCH: Yuri Gorentzvaig Highlights
In the third round (57th overall), the Galaxy added Brazilian youth international Yuri Gorentzvaig, who was one of seven youth internationals that were invited to the MLS Combine. A native of Sao Paulo, Brazil, the 6-foot-2 forward began his career in 2001 at Sao Paulo, the same club that produced recent Galaxy stars Juninho and Leonardo. In addition to his time at Sao Paulo, the 21-year-old also played for fellow Brazilian sides Pão do Açucar, Pequeninos do Joquei, Nacional FC, Santos FC and SC Corinthians before joining Flamengo last season and playing for their side in the Paulista A3 regional league.
With the first of their two fourth round picks (62nd overall), the Galaxy selected forward Stephen Posa from the University of San Diego. Also capable of playing in the midfield, Posa had six goals and 10 assists in 75 games during his four-year career with the Toreros, scoring twice in each of his final three seasons. A Second Team All West Coast Conference selection as a junior and a senior, Posa was also named to the NSCAA All-Far West Region Second Team during his final year playing for head coach Seamus McFadden.
The Galaxy concluded the 2011 MLS Supplemental Draft by selecting defender Justin Davies from San Diego State with the 76th pick of the Draft. An All-Pac 10 Honorable Mention selection following his sophomore and junior seasons, Davies had four goals and three assists in 71 games during his four years with the Aztecs, who were 4-0-2 when he had either a goal or an assist. The brother of U.S. National Team forward Charlie Davies, Justin Davies was originally born in Lawrence, Mass. and played his high school soccer at the Brooks School in North Andover, Mass. before joining the Aztecs.
The LA Galaxy will open preseason ahead of the 2012 MLS season next week at The Home Depot Center. They will return to competitive action on Wednesday, March 7 when they take on Toronto FC in the first leg of their 2011/12 CONCACAF Champions League Quarterfinal, which will be played at Rogers Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. They will open the 2012 MLS season three days later on Saturday, March 10 when they host Real Salt Lake at The Home Depot Center in MLS First Kick 2012, presented by Dick's Sporting Goods. That game will kick off at 7:30 p.m. (PT) and tickets are on sale now as part of season ticket packages as well as three and six-game plans. For more information about this game or to purchase tickets, please visit the club's official website at www.lagalaxy.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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mephisto73 necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 93 diseños de 20 diseñadores freelance.
Bli Mamma
We are a small family company that runs one of the most popular pregnancy sites in Sweden. We run this site, and several others, because of our interest in the subject (we are parents ourselves) and a wish to help others find the support they need becoming parents.
The majority of our visitors consist of pregnant women ages 17-40, of which are first time parents to be.
We wish to foster a community where friendliness and support are two important cornerstones.
The site is called "Bli mamma", which is Swedish for "become a mother", and the current design can be seen here: http://www.blimamma.se
We are looking for a logo to represent our site and brand, and to take it into the next decade. We want to logo to be discrete, distinct and modern.
Some guidelines:
1. We would like the new logo to build on the old stylized logo figure representing a pregnant woman (see the attached image), but feel free to interpret it in your own way.
2. The winning logo design will be the base for an overall redesign of the site so don't look to much on the current site design.
3. Feel free to play around with different colors, but the logo itself can be monochrome or with a limited palette, preferably one version for white background and one version for black or colored background
4. It is a big plus if it is suitable for the web as well as for print.
5. The logo must contain the site/brand name (Bli Mamma)
6. The new logo should be "web 2.0" (or 3.0 if you like), see http://fontfeed.com/archives/the-lo…of-web-20/ for some reference to what we are looking for. Another way to put it is the the logo have to feel "fresh" and appealing.
7. For layout purposes the logo elements should probably be aligned horizontally (unless your design convince us otherwise)
The files we will require are:
Print file format - .ai (CMYK)
Web file format - .jpg and layered .psd (RGB)
Please do not use any stock images or clip art in the logo
We will try to provide continuous feedback to all designers.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Coldplay in new math rock direction
Globe trotting British superstars Coldplay could be set to head off in a new direction, with drummer Will Champion experimenting with programmed beats.
Coldplay have come a long way from the indie scallywags who barged into the charts with 'Yellow'. Steadily progressing, the band's heart on sleeve songcraft has combined with a fierce work ethic to transform Coldplay into one of the biggest band's on the planet.
Last year's album 'Viva La Vida Or Death And All His Friends' broke the group across the globe. Coldplay topped the charts in over 35 territories, with the album becoming one of the year's top sellers.
At one point Coldplay occupies the single and album charts simultaneously on both Britain and the United States - a stunning feat that has rarely been matched. Sessions with Brian Eno were so productive the band were able to release another mini-album 'Prospekt's March' before the year was out.
Now it seems as it that relationship is in full swing again. Reports suggest that Coldplay are currently working in the studio with Brian Eno, and the results could be amongst their most experimental to date.
One of those benefiting most from Eno's involvement is drummer Will Champion. He's got a new drum machine and has been having a lot of fun pushing it to its limits," a source told The Sun newspaper.
"His most recent offering is turbo-charged, to say the least, but the lads have been having a great time working with it."
Brian Eno is of course famed for his developments in electronic and ambient music, and he helped U2 redefine their sound with the seminal 'Achtung Baby' set. The source revealed that Champion has written one song in the seven / four time signature.
"It's only the most adventurous of jazz people who compose anything with such an irregular beat. But he's pressing forward with it," the source added.
Has Will Champion been listening to Battles? We demand to know!
Coldplay have been touring almost constantly since the release of 'Viva La Vida' pausing only to pick up a few Grammy awards on their time off. Recently the band played a massive show in Australia to benefit those affected by the recent bush fires in the country.
However a break in their tour schedule has seen the band return to the studio to begin work on new material.
The band's blog writer, "Roadie 42" says: "Will has a new toy for drum programming which has sent him on a beat-making odyssey. He rolls up today with a new idea and announces cheerfully to all that, 'It's in seven four time and it's 168 bpm'. For those of you less versed in music theory, 'Seven four time' means that when he kicks off the drum machine, everyone spends a lot of time asking, 'Where's the one?'. Meanwhile, '168 bpm' means that everyone is getting confused very quickly..
Lets hope this machine can avoid anthemic power ballads eh!
There is no release date for the new Coldplay album.
Coldplay is a British alternative rock band, formed in London, United Kingdom in 1997. The band comprises vocalist and pianist Chris Martin, lead guitarist Jonny Buckland, bassist Guy Berryman, and drummer Will Champion. Having released four successful albums, (all of which debuted at #1 on the UK album chart) Coldplay have also achieved great success with their singles, such as Yellow, Speed of Sound, the Grammy-winning Clocks and the US… more
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U.S. Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission
EEOC Says Atsalis Brothers Painting Fired Worker Over Complaint About Racial Slur
DETROIT – A Clinton Township, Mich., industrial painting company illegally retaliated against a journeyman painter by terminating him for complaining about a supervisor's use of the "N-word," the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) charged in a lawsuit it filed today.
According to the EEOC's suit, Case No. 2:11CV11296, filed in U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, Atsalis Brothers Painting Company refused to call Rodney Trice back to work in retaliation for his complaints about a white supervisor's repeated use of the racial slur. Trice said that the word was used repeatedly on the job site.
Retaliation against an employee for complaining about racial harassment violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The EEOC filed suit after first attempting to reach a pre-litigation settlement through its conciliation process. The EEOC seeks injunctive relief to prevent the company from engaging in any further retaliatory employment practices, as well as monetary relief for Trice.
"Employees have a statutory right to complain about racial harassment without fear of reprisal," said Laurie Young, regional attorney of the EEOC's Indianapolis District Office, whose jurisdiction includes Michigan. "Employers are only making a bad situation worse when they punish their workers for opposing discriminatory behavior in the workplace."
The EEOC is responsible for enforcing federal laws against employment discrimination. Further information is available at www.eeoc.gov.


text:
Trovagene to Present at Leerink Swan Global Healthcare Conference
Presentation scheduled on February 13, 2013 at 9:00 a.m. ET at the Waldorf Astoria in New York City
Feb 06, 2013, 05:00 ET
SAN DIEGO, Feb. 6, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Trovagene, Inc. (NASDAQ: TROV), a developer of transrenal molecular diagnostics, today announced that Chief Executive Officer Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. is scheduled to present a corporate overview at the Leerink Swan Global Healthcare Conference at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel, 301 Park Avenue, NY, NY on Wednesday, February 13, 2013 at 9:00 a.m. Mr. Schuh and Chief Financial Officer Stephen Zaniboni will be available for one-on-one meetings during the conference.
(Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20120620/LA28014LOGO)
The presentation will be webcast live at http://leerink.metameetings.com/webcasts/healthcare13/directlink?p=151 and can also be accessed through the investor relations page at www.trovagene.com. A replay of the presentation will be available at www.trovagene.com and will be archived for 30 days.
About Trovagene, Inc.
Headquartered in San Diego, California, Trovagene is developing its patented technology for the detection of transrenal DNA and RNA, short nucleic acid fragments, originating from normal and diseased cell death that cross the kidney barrier and can be detected in urine. Trovagene is leveraging its intellectual property in oncogene mutations via out-licensing and use of its transrenal technologies to extend oncogene mutation detection using urine as a sample. As a non-invasive and abundant sample, urine may overcome many of the cost and collection challenges associated with biopsy, as well as the volume limitations of blood.
Trovagene has a strong patent position as it relates to transrenal molecular testing. It has U.S. and European patent applications and issued patents that cover testing for HPV and other infectious diseases, cancer, transplantation, prenatal and genetic testing. In addition, it owns worldwide rights to nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1), an informative biomarker for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and mutations in the SF3B1 gene, which have been shown to be associated with chemotherapy response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, as well as other hematologic malignancies.
Certain statements in this press release are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as "anticipate," "believe," "forecast," "estimated" and "intend," among others. These forward-looking statements are based on Trovagene's current expectations and actual results could differ materially. There are a number of factors that could cause actual events to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, substantial competition; our ability to continue as a going concern; our need for additional financing; uncertainties of patent protection and litigation; uncertainties of government or third party payer reimbursement; limited sales and marketing efforts and dependence upon third parties; and risks related to failure to obtain FDA clearances or approvals and noncompliance with FDA regulations. As with any medical diagnostic tests under development, there are significant risks in the development, regulatory approval and commercialization of new products. There are no guarantees that future clinical trials discussed in this press release will be completed or successful or that any product will receive regulatory approval for any indication or prove to be commercially successful. Trovagene does not undertake an obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement. Investors should read the risk factors set forth in Trovagene's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Trovagene, Inc.
Amy Caterina
Investor Relations
+1 (858) 952-7593
SOURCE Trovagene, Inc.


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There are a few new formulas of hair products popping up that actually encourage you to condition your hair first – and then shampoo! A few other companies have streamlined this even further and have come out with a single product conditioning shampoos. Upon seeing these new products and investigating further – I see that this is really not a new phenomenon – some hairdressers have been telling their clients for years to switch the order and condition first. Let me tell you how this works.
Using conditioner first is supposed to increase volume to the hair without weighing it down because you add the volume with the conditioner, but then use the shampoo to wash out the excess residue – leaving it volumnous, yet not heavy. This is also supposed to help with dry hair for the same reasons – you add condition, rinse out any excess with the shampoo and leave your hair shiny and moisturized.
From reading about people that have tried it, this method shows that this could be good for dry or flat hair, or thin hair that tends to get weighed down by conditioners. However, I would not think it would be a great idea for hair that gets very oily or is already quite voluminous, heavy, or thick.
My hair does fit into the normal to dry, thin-ish category so I think I may try this tomorrow to see how it goes. If it gives me some extra volume – I will be swapping my routine from now on! Is anyone else inspired to try this? Has anyone out there already tried it? Do any of you have any other tricks for cleansing your hair to make it more voluminous?? Do share! I'll be letting you know how my experiment goes.


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Portugal's River of Gold on Viking Torgil
Lisbon to Porto
Discover one of Europe's most pristine destinations, Portugal. Explore Lisbon, then see unspoiled vistas, stop at ports of call largely unchanged for centuries and sample the local cuisine and port wines on your Douro River cruise.
Experience the renaissance of Lisbon, newly invigorated with trending galleries and restaurants. Explore two of Iberia's oldest university towns: Coimbra,...
These new vessels are based on the award-winning Viking Longships, offering state-of-the-art engineering, an innovative corridor configuration, deluxe accommodations and Viking's signature Scandinavian décor. With more ways to personalize your trip, you can choose from a variety of stateroom classes, onboard entertainment options and ship locations where you can enjoy sailing through the scenery, all the while enriching your time in some of Portugal and Spain's most remarkable destinations.
Veranda Suites have two full rooms with a veranda off the living room and a French balcony in the bedroom. Enjoy the indoor-outdoor Aquavit Terrace at the bow of the ship, or relax on the Sun Deck. These ships, which also have a swimming pool, solar panels and an organic herb garden, were named to honor prominent members of the Norse pantheon. Each ship carries 106 guests in comfortable, understated elegance, with hotel-style beds and amenities like 40-inch flat-panel TVs with an infotainment system featuring movies on demand plus CNBC, CNN, ESPN, FOX, National Geographic and more.
Ship Features
- 53 comfortable outside staterooms (11 Veranda Suites, 23 Veranda Staterooms, 3 French Balcony Staterooms, 16 Standard Staterooms)
- The Veranda Suites feature two rooms with a veranda off the living room and a French balcony in the bedroom
- Sun deck with 360-degree views, a shaded sitting area and al fresco dining area; swimming pool, organic herb garden, solar panels & putting green
- Aquavit Terrace with a revolutionary indoor/outdoor viewing area at the bow of the ship
- Observation lounge & bar with floor-to-ceiling glass doors
- Restaurant with floor-to-ceiling windows for panoramic views
- Library corner and onboard boutique
- Elevator
- Free shipwide wireless Internet service
- Laundry service
- Voltage: 220V & 110V (U.S. outlet) in stateroom
Since its first sailings along Russia's waterways nearly 20 years ago, Viking® has reinvented river cruising. Today, Viking invites guests to sample the rich cultures and fine wines and cuisine along Europe's great rivers—all aboard the continent's most comfortable, state-of-the-art ships—and the storied rivers of China, Southeast Asia and Egypt. The innovative Viking Longships® are the most award-winning vessels on Europe ...


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Sen. Chuck Schumer is backing a plan for a Veterans Job Corps to help put 16,846 New York veterans and thousands more across the nation back to work.
Sen. Chuck Schumer is backing a plan for a Veterans Job Corps to help put 16,846 New York veterans and thousands more across the nation back to work.
Unemployed veterans, including 2,936 in the Hudson Valley, include many younger service members returning from Iraq and Afghanistan.
"They often don't know where to turn" when they come home, Schumer said.
The job corps was proposed by Sen. Bill Nelson, a Democrat from Florida, and Schumer said he's a co-sponsor and strong supporter of the idea.
The corps would provide training to veterans to adapt the skills they develop in the military to the civilian job market — in fields such as health care, firefighting, emergency medical technicians and mechanics.
It would establish a Conservation Corps to carry out public works projects itself as well as award grants or contracts to states, local governments and non-governmental entities that employ veterans.
While reported veterans' unemployment figures vary, the numbers are always well above those for the general population.
Schumer cited the latest annual figure — 12.1 percent, the average for 2011 for all veterans who'd served since September 2001. Male veterans ages 18 to 24 who served during that time had a rate as high as 21.9 percent in 2011.
The federal Bureau of Labor Statistics just issued figures showing the June unemployment number for veterans: 9.5 percent, down from 13.3 percent in June 2011. The rate is slightly higher for women: 10.1 percent, compared with 9.4 percent for men.
Schumer said the job corps would offer veterans a "one-stop" information center on what's available for them.
New York is also doing its part to help returning veterans find work.
On Wednesday, Gov. Cuomo signed legislation that will establish an "employment portal" on the state Division of Veterans Affairs Web site giving links to all federal and state programs that will help them find work — including the job corps if it becomes law.


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- This event has passed.
July 22 @ 10:00 am - 11:30 am CDT
During the summer months, our worship service begins at 10:00am and ends about 11:30am.
Worship is at the heart of our community life together as we learn how to follow Jesus in daily life and be ambassadors of God's love and reconciliation to the world around us.
Expect to meet people who welcome you and care about you. We are a community following Jesus and we help each other in this journey. We welcome you to experience God's love and be a light in the world with us.
Dress comfortably for our services because we are more concerned with you and not what you wear. Most people dress casually. The temperature inside the Civic Center can vary quite a bit, so we suggest wearing layers for comfort.


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Mar 22, 2014
NINETY SIX, S.C. – The Coker men's golf team finished in ninth place after a 54-hole team total of 903 at the Bearcat Classic on Sunday (Mar. 23.)
Leading the field for the Cobras was senior Josh Clay, who shot a three round total of 225. His score was good enough to earn a top-25 finish on the individual score card. Following close behind was Christopher Fuga and Will Bundy with scores of 226 and 227, respectively. Zane Price and Blake Baysden would then round out the five with scores of 233 and 234.
Taking home the title was Georgia College and State University, with a three round team total of 873.
The Cobras will be back in action on March 29th, as they travel to compete in the UNC Pembroke Intercollegiate.


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2009 - 2017
Because first impressions do matter, Simply Gourmet caters only the best of the best. A party, by its nature, should be pure entertainment -- a gathering of close friends and family to share unforgettable cuisine. For us, creating great food is the ultimate art. Merging remarkable flavors with an incredible presentation is just the beginning. We bake rustic breads from scratch, freshly roast the finest aged meats and forage for the best local ingredients. Everything we prepare is our original recipe, unique to your special event and authentic to the region that inspires it. The Simply Gourmet meals prepared for large parties, weddings and luncheons are just as delicious as those prepared for intimate dinner occasions. Nothing excites us more that serving stunning cuisine in sumptuous style.
Simply Gourmet creates an oasis of comfort and luxury for your guests. Our cuisine is rooted in classic French tradition and blends techniques and flavors from around the world. Chef Larry Barrett, with over 25 years of culinary experience in New York and Los Angeles, oversees all the delicacies that are prepared in the kitchen. That is the kind of attention to detail that sets us apart.
Every event is unique, that is why we listen to your needs and personalize your menu to accommodate your budget and tastes. Simply Gourmet is a full service catering company that will walk you through all your planning details, from the day of the rehearsal until the last guest leaves. We love to share our years of event planning experience. Make your day a moment to remember and be proud of. When you love what you do, it shows.
Chef Larry & Jamie Barrett
• Please visit our Q&A for more info.
Simply Gourmet Caterers - Sarasota's Off-Premise Catering Experts.
Perfect food is our passion. We cater weddings, small parties, business luncheons, brunches, corporate retreats, birthdays, receptions and private affairs. Our award-winning catering is enjoyed at many locations including Selby Gardens, Phillippe Mansion, Ringling Museum, Powell Crosley Estate, Crosley Museum, Chelsea Center, College Hall and The Garden Club. We're extremely familiar with most venues from Sarasota, Long Boat Key, Siesta Key, Bradenton and Ellenton to Tampa, Clearwater, St. Petersburg and Brandon. Delicious food and extreme attention to detail - that's what sets our catering apart.
Simply Gourmet is officially certified by Sarasota County as a Green Caterer.Please click here to learn more.
Follow us on Facebook!
© 2005 Simply Gourmet. This site is best viewed at screen resolution 800x600 pixels or higher.Web Design & Development by Moonlight Marketing Group, LLC.


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VoiceLine XJ100 Wi-Fi Handset
The XJ100 enables users to place and receive low-cost VoIP
calls over a Wi-Fi network.
Suggested Retail Price: $175
(does not include cost of shipping from the U.S. and any
duties, or import taxes)
The VoiceLine XJ100 Wi-Fi Handset:
Opportunities for Savings
The XJ100 Wi-Fi Handset enables users to place and receive
low-cost phone calls over Wi-Fi networks. Users no longer need to access a wired
network to benefit from VoIP calling. Callers can save in any number of Wi-Fi
network settings, including:
• Corporate Environments: Larger
are increasingly using Wi-Fi networks to extend their wired
networks to off-site/telecommuting employees in home and
offices. With this solution, corporations can reduce the
costs associated with establishing remote offices.
• Small Businesses: Many small
rely on the flexibility of Wi-Fi networks to meet their
infrastructure requirements. Net2Phone enables these companies
to utilize their Wi-Fi networks to save on communication costs.
• Residential Settings: Users can now
utilize their home Wi-Fi networks to save on their telephone calls.
• Free Public Hotspots: Callers can
take advantage of the rapidly growing number of free public
hotspots to make and receive low-cost calls when they are
away from their home or office. Travelers can save by making
calls from airports and hotels around the world.
• Campus Environments:
Students can make and receive calls throughout a
Wi-Fi enabled campus.
• Municipalities: Public
officials in locations with Wi-Fi public safety networks can
make and receive calls from all over town.
Standards-Based Compatibility
With the XJ100, calls can be made through Wi-Fi gateways and
access points that comply with either the 802.11b or 802.11g
standard. Both standards apply to Wi-Fi LANs operating in
the 2.4 GHz spectrum.
Feature-Rich Calling
The XJ100 utilizes Net2Phone's VoiceLine
service, enabling both inbound and outbound calling and
allowing users to choose from the U.S., U.K., Canada or the
Netherlands, no matter where they reside globally.
The XJ100 supports a wide range of value-added features,
Product Specifications
System Requirements
*Price is quoted in U.S. dollars and does not include items
such as shipping, tariffs, duties, and import taxes. Suggested
retail pricing should be used as a guideline and can vary
by market. Net2Phone reserves the right to refer you to a
local distributor to purchase our hardware products and calling


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(BPT) – Greenhouse gases are at an all-time high. Although some gases are naturally present in the atmosphere, such as water vapor, ozone, methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, human activities have created a new set of greenhouse gases (GHG) that are negatively affecting the ozone layer. GHGs are making it easier for the sun's harmful UV rays to pass through, which has resulted in global warming.
The United States is among the world's worst offenders when it comes to GHG emissions per capita, according to the United Nations Statistics Division. In 2008, the U.S. emitted 22.22 GHG per capita, which was a 13.3 percent increase from 1990.
On April 22, more than 1 billion people around the world will take part in the 43rd anniversary of Earth Day. This day is an opportunity for people everywhere to voice their concerns about the planet and to take action to protect it. So, what can individuals do to protect and preserve the earth every day, in order to prevent things like global warming?
One thing Americans can do is to support environmentally friendly mandates and legislation that are specifically targeted at large businesses and manufactures, since they tend to be the largest producers of GHG. Some companies are already striving to reduce their environmental footprint.
For example, The American Trucking Association (ATA) has a sustainability initiative called "Trucks Deliver a Cleaner Tomorrow," that focuses on reducing fuel consumption and finding innovative ways to reduce carbon monoxide emissions. The organization's goal is to reduce fuel consumption by 86 billion gallons and carbon monoxide emissions by 900 million tons for all vehicles by 2018, according to Bill Graves, ATA's CEO and president.
Other companies like ECORE, a recycled flooring manufacturer, are producing products in an environmentally friendly way. "We are committed to operating our business and facilities in a manner that uses resources wisely," says Arthur Dodge III, ECORE chairman and CEO. "We have developed energy-efficient manufacturing processes that use minimal water and little or no heat, and we reuse our scrap to minimize waste."
ECORE's state-of-the-art equipment and manufacturing processes also improve the quality of its products and increase energy efficiency. By incorporating these proprietary methods, ECORE uses 40 percent less energy than standard industry procedures. The amount of natural gas conserved each year could service 120 average American homes.
The second thing Americans businesses can do to be more eco-friendly is to strive to implement their own green practices, such as recycling paper and using energy efficient light bulbs. The U.S. Small Business Administration has even developed a Small Business Guide to Energy Efficiency that offers tips, advice, and resources on how to help companies do this.
The third thing Americans can do to make the earth a better place is to be more conscious of their own impact on the environment. There are many simple things people can do every day in order to be conscientious consumers, according to Green America, a non-profit organization founded in 1982 to harness economic power to create a socially just and environmentally sustainable society. Aside from buying green products and recycling, Green America offers easy, sustainable tips, such as how to make nontoxic cleaners to air drying your clothes and how to choose energy efficient appliances over conventional models. "Going green" doesn't have to be a daunting task, and simple changes can have a positive impact.
To learn more about ECORE and its mission to create solutions that are both environmentally friendly and sustainable, visit www.ecoreintl.com.


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Radiology at Middlesex Hospital
At Middlesex Hospital, we offer advanced therapeutic and diagnostic imaging services that combine state-of-the-art radiology technology with highly skilled, board-certified radiologists and other radiology professionals — all designed to help your primary care physician or specialist make more accurate diagnoses, as well as determine and perform the best course of treatment.
To make an appointment,
please call 1-800-281-5232
Middlesex Health System's Radiology Department is committed to providing routine diagnostic imaging services, as well as bringing the latest in medical and diagnostic imaging technology to the communities we serve. This includes advanced radiology technologies such as PET scans, high field MRI, 3 Dimensional CT Reconstruction, CT Angiography and Virtual CT Endoscopy.
We're also pround to introduce our newest technology: 3T MRI - the most advanced MRI technology available anywhere. The 3 Tesla (3T) MRI delivers the most accurate images, giving your doctor the best information to diagnose and treat your condition. Plus, the 3T MRI has a very large "bore," not like older MRIs that can make patients feel claustrophobic. And the table that the patient lays on is much lower to the ground than traditional MRIs, making it easier for patients to access.
With all of our expert radiologists certified by the American College of Radiology, Middlesex Health System is committed to providing accurate testing and diagnosis through a wide variety of radiology imaging services at four convenient locations, including Middlesex Hospital, the Middlesex Outpatient Center on Saybrook Road in Middletown, at the Middlesex Hospital Shoreline Medical Center in Westbrook, and at the Middlesex Hospital Marlborough Medical Center in Marlborough.


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posted by Thom Holwerda on Tue 11th Apr 2006 17:43 UTC, submitted by Sekou DIAKITE
The KDE Look and Feel Project is a GPL-licenced Swing pluggable look and feel which uses Qt and KDE for the drawing of widgets. KDE Look and Feel implements most of the Java Look and Feel API including dialogs (ColorChooser, FileChooser, etc.).


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Esser to present Distinguished Faculty Lecture Nov. 13
James Esser, university professor of psychology, will focus on "Negotiating with Terrorists" when he presents Lamar University's 2012 Distinguished Faculty Lecture at 7 p.m. Tuesday, Nov. 13, in the University Theatre.
Esser is the 26th recipient of the honor – one of the highest to be accorded teacher-scholars at the university. A resident of Beaumont, he has been a member of the Lamar faculty since 1976, now serving as head of the industrial/organizational psychology master's program.
Esser said he will discuss the issue of whether it is sometimes possible and desirable to negotiate a resolution of a conflict that involves terrorists.
"First, however, we must identify which types of terrorists are better or worse candidates for negotiations," he said. "Being labeled a terrorist is often a political decision. One man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter.
"The point is that some people would argue very strongly that we don't negotiate with terrorists, but the fact is we do that all the time. The interesting question to me is, given the fact we do it all the time, how does it work?"
The lecture is open to the public without charge.
Esser earned the bachelor of science in psychology (with honors) from the University of Iowa in 1971 and the doctor of philosophy in social psychology from Indiana University in 1975. His honors at Lamar include selection as University Professor in 2000 and Teaching Bonus Awards in 1994, 1996 and 1998. Esser is a previous Distinguished Faculty Lecturer, having been selected in 1995 for his presentation, "Groupthink from Pearl Harbor to the Challenger: Failure of Decision-making Groups."
Esser has covered or touched on his lecture topic in a number of conference presentations and publications. He has taught 11 different master's-level courses, which include all the graduate courses in statistics and research methodology and all the required courses in industrial-organizational psychology, a specialty involving the application of psychology methods in the workplace. He is the co-author of several books on statistics as they relate to behavioral science.
"I like what I do," Esser said. "I've been the face of industrial/organizational psychology, which makes up half of our graduate program." First, he said, "I like working with the students on a more individual basis at the graduate level. Second, I'm able to pursue what interests me in research, and that's always a fun thing."
An especially fulfilling part of Esser's job is arranging and supervising practicums. Each semester, teams of graduate students under his supervision provide free industrial/organizational psychology services to local organizations, including cities, counties, hospitals, refineries, the local power company and other for-profit and nonprofit organizations. "Recently, it's been mostly non-profit, and that seems to work very well for us because they're eager for assistance in view of budget challenges. We do things that, I think, are very valuable to them."
Another high point is following the achievement of his graduates – a mix of those who go into Ph.D. programs and teaching positions in universities and those to enter the workplace in a variety of settings. Many of them keep in touch, Esser said, "and we enjoy that because we get to see how they move up through the ranks."
During his early years as a student, a career as a psychology professor was far from Esser's list of aspirations. He was a champion tennis player, ranking No. 1 in both singles and doubles as an undergraduate at the University of Iowa. "Psychology was an accident," he said. "Back in the day, all I really cared about was tennis."
That changed when he enrolled in a special section of an introductory psychology class – one with labs – only to find out he had to be a psychology major or an honors program student to take the course. "I changed my major to psychology, and I liked it enough that I stayed," he said.
When he was a senior, a professor recommended he attend graduate school and specialize in social psychology. He went on to earn a Ph.D. in the field from Indiana University, with minors in math psychology and business.
"The business minor got me my job at Lamar," Esser said. "I attended a psychology convention where Lamar recruiters were looking for somebody who would fit into the master's program in industrial-organizational psychology."
Although he no longer plays tennis, Esser remains "a definite sports fan," sharing a love of soccer with his family, including his wife of 16 years, Christine Bridges-Esser, associate professor of Spanish, the 2006 Distinguished Faculty Lecturer and his partner-in-adventure on summer pilgrimages through Spain. "My two kids played through high school and in college intramurals, but my whole family is kind of soccer crazy."
Esser coached for several years, and his stepson now coaches the Midland Soccers, a semi-pro team affiliated with FC Dallas. Christine was already a fan when the two met, having coached her son. Esser also follows NBA and college basketball, having, fortuitously, been at schools while Ralph Miller, Bobby Knight, Billy Tubbs and Pat Knight were or are coaching.
Esser's travels to Spain began when he was in graduate school. For many years, he and Christine enjoyed the same destination, first to see the sights and, in recent years, for intensive, summer-long pilgrimages on El Camino (the subject of Christine's Lamar lecture).
Those travels led Esser to research on terrorism and the opportunity to gather material up close and personal through interviews with members of the Basque terrorist group and its political arm.
"Terrorism got to the forefront of everybody's mind in 2001, on 9/11," he said. Although his research is worldwide, said Esser . "I started with Spain because that's where we were all the time."
Elaborating on his topic, Esser said "Conflict with terrorist groups such as Al-Qaeda, whose aims are highly ideological and rigid, should be very difficult to resolve; on the other hand, when the terrorist group's goals are more pragmatic and flexible, like those of the Irish Republican Army, negotiation may be more feasible. We must determine when the time is ripe for a successful negotiation."
Esser also will discuss how such a negotiation might proceed – including the tactics to be used and the utility of third-party intervention.
Additional information about the lecture is available at(409) 880-8203.


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Amber Road acquires Shanghai-based EasyCargo
Global trade management technology provider Amber Road (formerly known as Management Dynamics) recently announced it has acquired Shanghai-based EasyCargo, a GTM solutions provider specializing in complex Chinese trade regulations.
in the NewsTruck tonnage delivers strong October results, reports ATA HanesBrands sets up DC in High Point, N.C. Diesel average falls for fifth consecutive week, reports EIA October intermodal volumes turn in solid performance, reports IANA Quiet Logistics opens new warehouse More News
Global trade management technology provider Amber Road (formerly known as Management Dynamics) recently announced it has acquired Shanghai-based EasyCargo, a GTM solutions provider specializing in complex Chinese trade regulations.
Financial terms of the deal were not disclosed.
"Amber Road acquired EasyCargo to augment its existing global trade management capabilities for China," a company spokesperson told LM. "EasyCargo provides extensive automation, called China Trade Management, or CTM, for customers to track and manage inventories in China. With CTM capabilities, companies can take advantage of China's import regime called Processing Trade, lowering costs. By acquiring EasyCargo, Amber Road offers Processing Trade capabilities to its existing and prospective customers who import into and export from China."
When asked what the biggest benefits of this deal are for shippers, the Amber Road spokesperson said that customers from both companies will now have more products to solve more problems.
"Managing the end-to-end global trade process has always been the goal of Amber Road," said the spokesperson. "With EasyCargo, customers will have an additional, important capability, CTM, provided seamlessly from one company. Customers implementing globally will also benefit from a larger staff with expertise in many key markets, including China."
Another big benefit for shippers cited by the spokesperson is lower costs as EasyCargo's CTM solution provides extensive automation to support the Chinese government's regulations for an import regime called Processing Trade, which affects companies that import materials and components into China and use those materials and components to manufacture finished goods for export to foreign markets. When properly administered, Amber Road said Processing Trade transactions are exempt from import duties and value-added-taxes on export, lowering product costs by 25 percent or more. Goods qualifying for the Processing Trade program now account for more than 30 percent of all Chinese imports.
Before its acquisition of EasyCargo, Amber Road provided import and export management capabilities for China, the spokesperson said, adding that these capabilities include import and export compliance checks, trade document determination and generation, landed cost calculations, and license determinatio.
"Generally speaking, these capabilities are required to move goods into or out of China, the spokesperson said. "With the acquisition of EasyCargo, Amber Road has added the ability for customers to track and manage inventories once they enter China. These inventory management capabilities enable companies to lower costs by taking advantage of duty and VAT suspension via China's Processing Trade regime."
EasyCargo has approximately 40 employees, all of whom Amber Road plans to retain. The founder EasyCargo, Kae-por Chang, will assume the position of Managing Director for Amber Road China.
"Many of our existing North American and European-based customers do business with or in China, either as a source of supply, a manufacturing base, or as a market for exports," said Jim Preuninger, CEO of Amber Road, in a statement. "Our acquisition of EasyCargo will enable us to offer deep China-specific trade capabilities to our existing customer base as well as access the growing Chinese market."
About the AuthorJeff Berman, Group News Editor Jeff Berman is Group News Editor for Logistics Management, Modern Materials Handling, and Supply Chain Management Review. Jeff works and lives in Cape Elizabeth, Maine, where he covers all aspects of the supply chain, logistics, freight transportation, and materials handling sectors on a daily basis. Contact Jeff Berman
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Article TopicsAmber Road · Cloud Computing · Global Logistics ·
Land O'Lakes lock in Texas-based capacity How will the tariff war with China affect U.S. container ports? View More From this Issue


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Linked by Jordan Spencer Cunningham on Fri 24th Jul 2009 21:38 UTC
In a recent speech Bill Gates gave to a group of government officials and tech specialists in New Delhi, he criticized US privacy and immigration laws, spoke of his outlook on future technologies, and explained why he got rid of his Facebook page. His criticisms of the US laws took the pretense that health care providers and doctors not being able to share medical information of an individual to other institutions was a stumbling block and that exceptions in strict immigration ought to be made for "smart people" to live and work in high-paying jobs in the US. Gates also mentioned his views of a future with cell phones recognizing people around them or testing for diseases and an Internet being utilized for a broader use than simply web pages and the like. He mentioned that he once had a Facebook page and that it became too much of a time-waster having to sort through ten thousand friend requests periodically.


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2013 INFINITI JX35 Values
Select a 2013 INFINITI JX35 trim level
2013 model year changes
The 2013 Infiniti JX is a brand-new vehicle. It is a seven-seat crossover available in either front or all-wheel drive. Infiniti has taken the standard formula for a crossover and injected it with a healthy dose of luxury, performance and technology to create the JX. From the elegant shape, to the large interior, to the myriad of luxury and safety features, the JX looks to impress at every turn.
Competitive comparison
Luxurious; flexible; packed full of technology; room for seven
Special features for 2013
The 2013 JX competes with other people movers, but offers more luxury and refinement than many of its competitors. Standard luxury items such as leather seats and a panoramic sunroof immediately distinguish the JX from the run of the mill minivan; while equivalently priced SUV's generally offer less space. The JX strikes a nice balance between space, luxury and price, adding a dose of clever design and state of the art technology for good measure.
All new for 2013, the Infiniti JX is a mid-size luxury SUV with seating for seven. Under the hood drivers will find a 3.5-liter V6 engine that produces 265 hp and 248 lb-ft of torque, enabling a towing capacity of 3,500 lbs. FWD and optional AWD are both paired to a CVT transmission that enables the JX to achieve an EPA estimated 18 mpg city and 24 mpg highway. Features include bi-xenon HID headlights, glass moonroof, power rear liftgate, push button ignition, leather seats, premium sound, USB connection, navigation system, rearview monitor, and voice recognition software. Safety is comprised of advanced airbag system, electronic brake force distribution (EBD), brake assist (BA), blind spot warning (BSW), forward collision warning (FCW), lane departure warning (LDW), traction control (TCS), and vehicle dynamic control (VDC). The JX is backed by a 4-year/60,000-mile warranty.


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The QNX Neutrino RTOS (from now on referred to as simply "QNX") was designed to facilitate in the development of applications for the embedded market; developers can write and build applications on their 'normal' machines using the same microkernel that the developers will use for their devices.
Merits Of The Neutrino
QNX is an operating system based on a true microkernel design. Microkernels are the opposite of monolithic kernels; instead of having all functions, drivers, filesystems and so forth inside the kernelspace, microkernels keep them outside of kernelspace, in userspace. The advantages a microkernel has to offer over a monolithic kernel are therefore quite obvious; one can replace and restart drivers, filesystems and so forth on the fly, without having to shutdown the entire system. Also, when part of the operating system crashes, it does not bring down the entire system, because the crashed part is outside of kernelspace. Theoretically, QNX could run without any downtime for ages and stay up-to-date at the same time. You can imagine that such a fault-tolerant, crash-insensitive design is very important in mission critical situations; and this is indeed the case. QNX powers all sorts of devices; ranging from hospital equipment (such as MRI scanners) to parts of the International Space Station, to in-car multimedia devices. Now that's scalability! Another major advantage of a microkernel design is simplicity; since the operating system is 'chopped' into smaller parts running in userspace, it is supposed to be easier to maintain and easier to program. In the early days of the microkernel, people also expected it to be faster and more efficient than a monolithic kernel.
Do all these advantages sound too good to be true? Well, simply put: yes, they indeed sound too good to be true. If not, all operating systems would be using microkernels today. I can explain the main drawback of the microkernel design with a very simple illustration (with thanks to CTO):
"Thinking that microkernels may enhance computational performance can stem but from a typical myopic analysis: indeed, at every place where functionality is implemented, things look locally simpler and more efficient. Now, if you look at the whole picture, and sum the local effects of microkernel design all over the place, it is obvious that the global effect is complexity and bloat in as much as the design was followed, i.e. at every server barrier. For an analogy, take a big heavy beef, chop it into small morsels, wrap those morsels within hygienic plastic bags, and link those bags with strings; whereas each morsel is much smaller than the original beef, the end-result will be heavier than the beef by the weight of the plastic and string, in a ratio inversely proportional to the small size of chops (i.e. the more someone boasts about the local simplicity achieved by his microkernel, the more global complexity he has actually added with regard to similar design without microkernel)." (Source)
Now, this clearly explains the drawback of the microkernel design: a microkernel design inevitably gets heavy and bloated (contrary to what the name 'microkernel' implies), thus reducing its speed-- simply not acceptable for everyday users. QNX, on the other hand, feels everything but bloated and sluggish, and that is probably also why it is one of the current market leaders in the embedded world. Now, why does QNX' microkernel (named 'Neutrino') seem to perform better than other microkernels? This is where it gets really technical, and I can not give a crisp explanation, since I am not qualified. My technical knowledge is simply too limited. A post by Bernd Paysan, though, in alt.os.multics explained why QNX performs better than other microkernels:
"[...] Unix's syscalls all are synchronous. That makes them a bad target for a microkernel, and the primary reason why Mach and Minix are so bad - they want to emulate Unix on top of a microkernel. Don't do that.
If you want to make a good microkernel, choose a different syscall paradigm. Syscalls of a message based system must be asynchronous (e.g. asynchronous IO), and event-driven (you get events as answers to various questions, the events are in the order of completion, not in the order of requests). You can map Unix calls on top of this on the user side, but it won't necessarily perform well."
QNX' applications do exactly what Bernd Paysan concludes-- "[...] if you design the application to use [QNX'] message passing APIs, it will work well." (I got this information from Christopher Browne's Web Pages, under "3.2. The Fundamental Challenge of Microkernels")
There is a lot more info on microkernels to be found on the internet. If you enjoy discussing matters such as proprietary vs. open-source, PPC vs. x86, GUI vs. CLI and so on, you will certainly find the microkernel vs. monolithic kernel discussions extremely interesting. A must-read on this subject is the classic discussion between Andy Tanenbaum (creator of Minix) and Linus Torvalds (creator of the Linux kernel). With Andy Tanenbaum being a proponent of the microkernel, and Linus Torvalds being a supporter of a monolithic design, all the ingredients were there for a very interesting 'flamewar' (according to 1992 standards this was very much a flamewar). An extract of this discussion, held in comp.os.minix in 1992, can be found here. Even if you are not interested in microkernels, it is still a good read. Especially the attitude towards the future of the Intel platform would prove to be... Sort of wrong.
So far for a short description on the merits of the microkernel, with the Neutrino kernel in particular. I strongly believe that a lot of people have a lot more interesting things to say about this subject than I do, seeing my limited knowledge on kernel design. Therefore, please feel free to correct me.
I now wish to move on to the actual goal of this article: how does QNX perform as a desktop operating system?
- "QNX, Page 1/3"
- "QNX, Page 2/3"
- "QNX, Page 3/3"


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A third of the budget for the state's parks and forests agency will come from royalties and other payments from oil and gas leases on state-owned land this fiscal year, making the conservation agency more dependent on drilling for its day-to-day operations.
The state budget adopted on Sunday cut the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources general fund allocation by $22.7 million from what Gov. Tom Corbett had proposed, then shifted an additional $29 million to the agency from a special fund made up of rents and royalties from drilling on state lands.
More than $106 million of DCNR's roughly $300 million budget for the year will come from oil and gas royalties and past lease payments, while only a tenth of the agency's budget - $30 million - will come from the taxpayer-supported general fund.
There is a moratorium on new leases of state forest lands and no additional leasing is proposed, DCNR spokeswoman Christina Novak said. Instead, the transferred money will come from royalties paid for gas produced from state land that is already under lease and money left in the fund at the start of the fiscal year.
The budgeting switch continued a recent trend of using the windfall from lucrative shale gas drilling in state forests to pay for state park and forest operations, but the scale of the change startled some Democrats and conservation groups.
State Rep. Greg Vitali, D-166, Haverford, Democratic chairman of the House Environmental Resources and Energy Committee, said the difference between DCNR's general fund appropriation and its oil and gas lease fund appropriation is "kind of shocking."
"It's almost like they are taking this agency off budget," he said.
The oil and gas lease fund was established in 1955 with a mandate to spend the money on conservation, recreation, dams or flood control projects. Since 2008, legislators and governors have instead drawn down the fund to balance the budget, pay for DCNR operations or supplement the Marcellus legacy fund, which covers infrastructure and recreation projects statewide.
"Our concern has been that they are replacing general fund money with oil and gas lease fund money and that's wrong legally, constitutionally and ethically," said John Childe, an attorney for the Pennsylvania Environmental Defense Foundation, which is suing the state and the governor over the ongoing transfer of oil and gas lease funds for spending that does not preserve the state's natural resources.
Mr. Childe said the state's parks and forests "are what they are today" because oil and gas extraction allowed the state to purchase and restore land through the lease fund in the past.
Now, DCNR could use the money: the agency already has a nearly $1 billion backlog of infrastructure repairs and no assessment of how much money will be needed to restore state lands used for drilling in the long term, he said.
"That's what they're not considering," he said. "They are just spending it now without any understanding of the need to protect our resources now and in the future."
Efforts to reach a spokesman for Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Jake Corman, R-34, Bellefonte, were unsuccessful.
Mr. Vitali said the use of the oil and gas lease fund "very well could be an appropriate subject for audit by the auditor general's office."
A 2004 audit report under then-Auditor General Robert P. Casey Jr. criticized DCNR for using money from the oil and gas lease fund to supplement its general fund budget, finding that such spending "undermines the fund's purpose and lessens its availability for desirable or needed specific projects to benefit the environment and the public."
Contact the writer: email@example.com


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What I'd like to see is the ability to
link/display the file info metadata (for example, Title or Copyright) inside the document.
Ideally I'd like to be able to define my own metadata tags/files and populate them like MS Word's Custom Document Properties.
I'd like to have that feature, too. You should formally file a request
at <https://www.adobe.com/cfusion/mmform/index.cfm?name=wishform>. I
don't know if Adobe actually monitors this forum.


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Aside from packing sunscreen and swimsuits for camp, will your child be packing a cell phone? Mashable reports that some camps maintain a no-electronics policy—and it's parents, not the kids, who are breaking the rules.
Plus: Should There Be a Facebook for Kids Under 13?
Louis Bordman, the senior director of Eisner Camp in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, said that electronic devices are banned because they take away from the social growth kids learn at camp. "If each camper is sitting on his or her bed involved in a video game or texting friends from home, then they're not engaging with the world around them," said Bordman.
Bordman said that while most parents are on board with this, others aren't so much. He has seen parents send their kids to camp with two phones: one as a decoy that the child turns in the first day, with the other hidden for covert calls and texting—not to friends, but to the parents, so they can check in with their kid.
Plus: What's The Best Age to Get Your Kid a Cell Phone?
Do you agree with the no cell phone rules at camp? Does your kid's camp allow cell phones?


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"I WISH I knew how to quit you."
That is the famous line from Ang Lee's 2005 movie, "Brokeback Mountain."
This was a movie I was not especially fond of. In fact, I disliked it. And I suffered the slings and arrows of press reps and members of the gay community because I didn't agree that it was a "breakthrough" film — a Romeo and Juliet thing.
When I initially reviewed it, I gave full measure to most of the performances. (But I thought the late Heath Ledger mumbled and almost needed subtitles!) I didn't see what had been advanced. It was a throwback to the bad old movie days when gay characters always seemed to have to die. Sebastian
Venable in "Suddenly, Last Summer" had a better time of it than the "gay cowboys" of "Brokeback Mountain."
After my review appeared, the press rep called to say, "Well! If that's the way you feel ..." I hadn't bashed it or slavishly adored it. As if my opinion mattered. The movie took three Oscars, including Best Director for Ang Lee. It was a big box office success.
Now comes word that "Brokeback Mountain" is to be re-imagined as an opera. It will debut in Madrid on Jan. 28. Bless all involved, including creator Charles Wuorinen, director Ivo Van Hove and Annie Proulx, who wrote the libretto. Her short story was the basis of the movie, and now this. Ditto also to the stars, Daniel Okulitch, Tom Randle, Heather Buck and Hannah Esther Minutillo. It is commissioned by Gerard Mortier.
Unless the opera version leaves everybody happy and alive, I can't imagine not wanting to slit one's wrists as the curtain falls. But opera is seldom happy. (Or, as Cher said in "Moonstruck," after her character attends a performance of "La Boheme," "I can't believe she died. I mean, I knew she was sick...")
However, one opera-savvy pal of mine is not impressed: "Gerard Mortier is the impresario who was slated to take control of the New York City Opera a few years ago when the company decided it needed an avant-garde shot in the arm. He subsequently backed out once he realized he would actually have to stay within budget and that New York was not ready — or actually too sensible — for his radical nonsense. The whole fiasco contributed to the near collapse of the City Opera. This, apparently, is the sort of brilliance we are missing." Ouch!


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Literally Speaking Titles Archive 2004-2011 | 2012 Titles | 2014 Titles
Telegraph Avenue
When ex-NFL quarterback Gibson Goode, the fourth-richest black man in America, announces plans to construct his latest Dogpile megastore on a nearby neglected stretch of Telegraph Avenue, Nat and Archy fear it means certain doom for their vulnerable little enterprise, a used-record emporium and de facto town center.
Sacré Bleu : a Comedy D'art
Baker-turned-painter Lucien Lessard and bon vivant Henri Toulouse-Lautrec vow to discover the truth behind the untimely death of their friend Vincent van Gogh, which leads them on a surreal odyssey and brothel-crawl deep into the art world of late-nineteenth-century Paris.
What is the What
Valentino Achak Deng, a refugee of the Sudanese civil war flees from his village in the mid-1980s. Deng becomes one of the so-called Lost Boys--children pursued by militaries, government soldiers, lions and hyenas and myriad diseases in their search for sanctuary, first in Ethiopia and then in Kenya. Eventually Deng is resettled in the United States with almost 4,000 other young Sudanese men, and a very different struggle begins.
The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry : a Novel
Recently retired, Harold lives in a small English village with his wife, Maureen, who finds almost everything about him irritating. After receiving a letter from a woman he hasn't seen or heard from in twenty years, Harold is convinced that he must deliver a letter to his old love in order to save her, even if it mean walking 600 miles.
August: Osage County
When the patriarch of the Weston clan disappears one hot summer night, the family reunites at the Oklahoma homestead, where long-held secrets are unflinchingly and uproariously revealed.
Steve Jobs
Jobs, an icon of ingenuity, inventiveness and applied imagination, knew the best way to create value in the 21st Century was to connect creativity and technology. Through the views of friends, foes, and colleagues, a portrait of Jobs is presented, a man who was always candid, sometimes brutally so, and of his obsessions, perfectionism, innovation, character, leadership, and values.
Mister Death's Blue Eyed Girls
Narrated from several different perspectives, the story is told of the 1956 murder of two teenaged girls in suburban Baltimore, Maryland. "Nothing is what it used to be. It will never be the same again."
In this 1897 classic Gothic horror novel, after discovering the double identity of the wealthy Transylvanian nobleman, Count Dracula, a small group of people vow to rid the world of the evil vampire.
The Orchardist
In the late 19th century, William Talmadge grows and lovingly tends his orchards of apples and apricots. Settled into a single life, with his long-time friends, horse catcher Clee of the Nez Perce and herbalist/midwife Carline Middey, Talmadge's solitary life is disrupted when two ragged, wild, and pregnant girls steal his apples at market and then follow him home, becoming inhabitants of his orchard. At turns tragic and gentle, epic and humble, life is changed forever when men searching for the runaways find them in the orchard.
Life of Pi
Possessing encyclopedia-like intelligence, unusual zookeeper's son, Pi Patel sets sail for America. When the ship sinks, he escapes on a life boat and is lost at sea with a dwindling number of animals until only he and a hungry Bengal tiger remain.
Quiet : the Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking
In a business culture that overlooks the positive characteristics of introverts Cain demonstrates how introverted people are misunderstood and undervalued in modern culture, charting the rise of extrovert ideology while sharing anecdotal examples of how to use introvert talents to adapt to various situations.
|December - No Program!


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A research team from the University of Texas at Austin's Radionavigation Laboratory recently demonstrated to federal officials that anyone with $1,000 and technological know-how can take over a drone for nefarious purposes, potentially leading to the United States facing attacks from its own drones.
Professor Todd Humphreys and his team performed the demonstration June 19 at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico, showing officials from the Homeland Security Department and the Federal Aviation Administration how they used spoofing technology to hijack the drones.
Spoofing tricks a Global Positioning System device into thinking false information sent to it is real. Until now, the primary concern with unmanned aerial vehicles was GPS jamming, which was suspected when Iran downed a U.S. drone in December. Successful spoofing would allow an attacker to take control.
Related stories:
Domestic drones: What are they good for?
Should domestic drone regs be loosened?
Speaking to FoxNews after the demonstration, Humphreys noted that in five or 10 years, the United States could have 30,000 drones operating within its borders.
"Each one of these could be a potential missile used against us," he said. For example, a drone used by FedEx to deliver packages could be hijacked and used as a missile. They could be used to crash into other planes or buildings, killing people. "That's the same mentality the 9-11 attackers had," he said.
Most drones that will fly over the U.S. will rely on civilian GPS, which is not encrypted and open to infiltration.
In a January GPS World article by Humphreys and Kyle Wesson and Daniel Shepard, both post-graduate students at the University of Texas and members of the Radionavigation Laboratory, the authors noted the "tough sell" of security, with a primary challenge being the "tremendous inertia behind GPS signal definitions. ... Although promising anti-spoofing techniques exist, the reality is that no anti-spoofing techniques currently defend civil GPS receivers."
"It just shows that the kind of mentality that we got after 9-11, where we reinforced the cockpit door to prevent people hijacking planes — well, we need to adopt that mentality as far as the navigation systems for these UAVs," Humphreys said to FoxNews.
The hacking threat could grow as more and more departments and agencies at the federal, state and local levels are using unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), also known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), within the United States. A bill in Congress could dramatically increase the number of drones allowed in U.S. airspace, reported GCN in February.
Currently the FAA is restricting drone usage for fear of midair collisions. Any public agency seeking to operate unmanned aircraft systems must apply for a certificate of authorization. In addition, the operator must maintain visual contact with the aircraft.
Originally built for the military for reconnaissance and attack, drones today are used for a variety of purposes, including inspecting dams, and monitoring changes in wildlife populations and river erosion. Researchers are building their own, smaller drones. In fact, you can build one yourself for less than $800.
Plus, drones aren't the only GPS systems that could be hijacked. "One could use the technology to spoof aircraft, ship, or vehicle navigation systems that feature unencrypted GPS systems (think of what would happen to a spoofed autonomously driven car). This technique could even be used to bring down a smart grid or financial market, Robert N. Charette of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) wrote in a recent blog post on the drone hack.
Commercial airliners are relying more and more heavily on GPS signals to locate airport runways, Charette noted. Next-generation air traffic control will rely on GPS for navigation; funding for the project was approved by Congress earlier this year.
However, both government and industry are working to improve GPS security. DHS has established a Detection and Mitigation (IDM) Program to address the issue, although the program is poorly funded, still in its infancy, and is mostly geared toward finding people using jammers, not spoofers, said FoxNews.
In a note to IEEE's blog post, the nonprofit Association of Unmanned Vehicle Systems International's President and CEO Michael Toscano wrote that the UAV industry is developing anti-spoofing technologies, such as Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module.
"This technology is already in use by the military to thwart GPS spoofing abroad, and we expect it will transition to civilian unmanned aircraft in the coming years to protect aircraft flying in the national airspace," he wrote. He also pointed out that some UAVs have alternate navigation systems that provide backup to GPS, and that they have a person at the controls.
About the Author
Kathleen Hickey is a freelance writer for GCN.
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"Successful spoofing would allow an attacker to take control."
And successful GPS jamming would allow anyone to protect themselves from those drones when attacker will take control over them. This technology is great because drones cannot avoid it. More details at jammer-store.com and their blog.
There have been a number of "official suggestions" for solving spoofing such as the "Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module".
Unfortunatly they all have disadvantages one such is that the conventional encryption of the GPS signal needs to be decrypted to be of use which requires the "decryption key" is "known in advance". Thus for a suitably sophisticated adversary there is the practical possibility that they will reverse engineer the anti-tamper module and forward engineer a spoofing system. A similar argument applies for unconventional encryption systems.
Thus it is better to look for alternative solutions to the problem that are effectivly "out of channel". As another commenter has indicated there are systems that use other physical data in the form of terrain following, celestial navigation etc. However each of these external sources have their own issues such as "knowing the terrain" prior to flight and being able to see the stars at all times of day etc.
Thus there are internal physical properties that can be used such as inertial navigation which provides a reasonable approximation to cross check against.
Another method is to actually use the charecteristics of the spoofing signal to identify it is not the actual GPS satellites. There are a number of ways to do this but the simplest to understand is if you use two or more receiving antennas on the drone that are then compared. If done correctly the distance via the radius can be deduced and unless the originator of the spoofing signals can be at the right place it's radius will be wrong. As the satellites are on very accuratly known orbits their possitions in the short term future (considerably longer than a drone flight time) are also known with significant accuracy.
Whilst not making spoofing impossible (there are still some types of replay attack that in theory...) it makes using the existing and future systems significantly more robust if the receiver antennas are mounted sufficiently far appart.
We've known about-man-in-the middle attacks and what could be compromised. This seems like a "no duh" moment. In 2003, OMB issued M-04-04. People are supposed to evaluate the danger of information being compromised. While the focus was on compromise of PII (confidentiality), the effect of compromise on integrity or availablity still needs to be evaluated during the risk assessment. I really find it hard to believe that the integrity of GPS data wasn't debated at the agency that funded the satellite. This is the problem with having managers not being held responsible for past funding decisions.
Check systems, such as celestial navigation by cosmic radio sources as well as terrestrial methods using the earth's magnetic field and detailed magnetic maps as well as radar/laser terrain mapping can "double-check" GPS signals and drop GPS use altogether if it differs too much from the other "check" methods of navigation.
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i look at the jets situation and the cap problem and a need for alot of players and it makes sense if San Fran covets Xavier Rhodes or if by freak of nature Dee Milliner is available.
The trade goes down like this
1.8 Jets
San Fran then can get a large corner and still have picks in the 2nd and 3rd for a free safety and TE.
So how does this work for us, well then Idzik can send us a pick for Flynn and still have alot of picks to build his team and with a trade like this he settles the QB carousel in NY. maybe we get an early third and a 2014 pick based on performance of Flynn?


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Texas A&M International University Summer Session II General Registration will take place on Monday, July 7 from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Classes begin Tuesday, July 8 and will conclude Thursday, August 7.
Early registration for the Fall 2003 semester will begin Monday, July 21 and continue through Thursday, July 31. General Registration will take place Friday, August 22, and classes will begin Monday, August 25.
For more information on classes or registration, please contact the Office of the University Registrar at 326.2250, visit offices in Killam Library, room 168 or go on line to http://lasso.tamiu.edu or http://www.tamiu.edu/affairs/registrar/.
For other information, please contact the Office of Public Affairs and Information Services at 326.2180, visit offices in Killam Library, room 268 or e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com.
University summer office hours are from 7:30 a.m. - 6 p.m. Monday-Thursday. Offices are closed on Fridays.