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I thoroughly enjoyed Dr. Kitaj's Last Word essay, "Just Do It!" in the Winter 2011 Barnard Magazine. Her story regarding a medical internship at age 45 is amazing. Her courage, diligence, and perseverance in pursuing such a noble vocation is truly inspirational and admirable. Thank you for such a wonderful and uplifting article.
Also, President Spar's "A Stacked Deck" illustrates a caring and compassionate viewpoint, which I would like to believe that Barnard women everywhere want to emulate. I am assuming that Tonya's mentor must have seen academic potential in her, otherwise to encourage her to apply with no possibilities for acceptance and success might be viewed as wishful thinking or cruel. After having been encouraged to apply, Tonya, I imagine, will feel discouraged and brokenhearted if denied this opportunity.
Let us not forget that, thanks to Annie Nathan Meyers vision in 1889, many women are grateful to have been given the opportunity to excel in spite of the stacked deck for being female.
—Yolanda Irizarry Giraldo '73
San Juan, PR
Thanks to Dr. Kitaj for the inspiring and entertaining account of her travails and successes as a 40-year-old medical student. Well done! I'd love to read more about her experiences.
—Marie Cotter '82
Smithtown, NY
My mom, Audrey Snyder Harding '38, really enjoys your magazine and, in particular, the Class Notes. The article "Alumnae in the Military" in the Spring 2011 issue also piqued her interest.
Mom served in the WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service) from Jan. 1, 1944 to Dec. 31, 1947, and is registered at The Women in Military Service for America Memorial in Washington, D.C. The mission statement of WAVES was to expedite the war effort by releasing officers and men for duty at sea through their replacement by women in the shore establishment of the Navy, and for other purposes. When she joined, she told her mother that since the family had no sons to serve our country, she'd be honored to serve. When she looks at old photos of that time, she says she is reminded of how pleased and proud she always was to wear that uniform.
While serving in the WAVES, Mom did secretarial work as well as intelligence testing. She later earned her PhD in clinical psychology from the University of Michigan under the GI Bill. She said that her experience in the WAVES paved the way for a very rewarding career of helping people.
Thanks for honoring these special women who serve our country.
—Meg Harding
Midland, Mich.
Thank you for acknowledging an unusual path that some Barnard alumnae take. The women you featured represent us well. I, too, serve in the military; I am an Army Major approaching my 12th year of service. Like the women you featured, I am also scheduled to deploy to Afghanistan and have completed graduate work while in the military (MA, PhD candidate in history, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill). Before 9/11, a Barnard woman in the military was a far rarer thing. For my entire four years in Fordham University's Army ROTC program, I was the only Barnard cadet. As a '99 graduate, my extra years have given me the additional distinction of being a mother to a feisty 2-year-old.
While women increasingly serve in combat positions, the military is a decidedly male world. I find that I am supposed to be two people—a soldier and a mother—which makes for almost a contradictory dichotomy. As I prepare to go to war in the coming months, I look at my young daughter and hope that the example I set for her is a good one. I am convinced that we women who serve help ensure that the women after us have positive—and more—careers options and fewer limitations. I hope my daughter also understands that my deployment ensures her own safety and allows her father (also in the Army) to stay home with her. I don't believe that America has quite figured out yet how to allow women to do it all (career and family). I can only hope that our daughters are inspired by those of us who try to embrace both personas.
—Courtney Kjos Short '99
Monroe, NY
Thank you for profiling five alumnae who are serving or have served in the Armed Forces. I read their profiles with interest and cheer their commitment to our nation's defense. I have served as a physician in the United States Air Force for the past 11 years. When I signed up, I looked in the Barnard directory and found only one other alumna serving in uniform. I am glad to see that young alumnae have considered and entered into military service. I hope it becomes more of the rule than the exception.
—Karen Toubin Dacey '92
Olney, Md.


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How To Become A Medical Researcher in Kentucky
In order to qualify for Clinical Trial jobs in Kentucky, you should compare all available technical schools in your target area, as well as consider taking some of your courses online. Check with each nursing school below for assistance with certificate program requirements, degree prerequisites, and class registration. You may request information from several different schools below, without making a commitment.
To prepare for Clinical Trial careers in Kentucky, you need to complete a technical education in your specialty area, as well as consider taking part of your required courses online. Which college degrees give you the best chances of finding employment after graduation? Are you are considering an associates degree in electronics engineering, or a bachelor of science in mechanical or civil engineering? Check with the clinical research department for course registration deadlines, and engineering program requirements.
A clinical trial involves research using human volunteers to receive medical interventions according to the research plan or protocol created by the investigators. For example, investigators may give a drug or treatment to participants who have high blood pressure to see whether their blood pressure decreases. Clinical studies can be sponsored by pharmaceutical companies and academic medical centers, in addition to federal agencies such as the National Institutes of Health.
Participating in a clinical trial can make a difference in the care of future patients by providing information about the benefits and risks of therapeutic or diagnostic products. Clinical trials may provide the basis for the development of new drugs, biological products, and medical devices. Clinical studies must adhere to ethical standards protecting the rights and welfare of participants.
After a clinical trial is completed, the researchers examine the findings collected during the study, before making decisions about the merit of further testing. After a phase I or II trial, researchers must decide whether to move on to the next phase, or to stop testing due to safety concerns or effectiveness of the treatment. When a phase III trial is completed, researchers are challenged to consider whether the results have medical significance. Beyond major requirements within the clinical research department, you may consider Chipola College architecture major as a complementary elective.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
New Jersey's jobs picture recorded another flat performance in August, shedding 1,500 jobs as unemployment fell by 0.1 percentage points, according to a report today by the Labor Department.
At 8.5 percent, unemployment is a full percentage point less than the August 2012 rate.
New Jersey posted job gains in education and health services (2,800 jobs) and leisure in hospitality (2,100), along with smaller gains in trade, transportation and utilities; manufacturing; and other services.
But 5,900 jobs in professional and business services were lost in August, wiping out that momentum. Financial services (2,400), information (700) and construction (100) also reported losses.
Public-sector employment was flat for the month.
"Considering we're looking at the lowest unemployment rate since March 2009 and we saw vigorous job growth last fall, we are hopeful we will see a repeat," said Charles Steindel, chief economist for the New Jersey Department of Treasury, in a statement.
According to Labor's announcement, over the past 12 months, New Jersey's private sector has added 60,300 jobs.


text:
NEW YORK (AP) -- Shaun Marcum was unable to pitch a simulated game for the New York Mets because of pain in his neck and will not be able to come off the disabled list to start Sunday against the Miami Marlins.
Marcum had been set to throw Tuesday at the team's spring training complex in Port St. Lucie, Fla.
Marcum signed a $4 million, one-year deal with the Mets during the offseason. He received a cortisone injection in his right shoulder for an impingement last month, then felt neck discomfort during a bullpen session on March 25. He did not pitch in any spring training games after March 16.
Aaron Laffey and Collin McHugh appear to be the most likely candidates to replace Marcum. Already missing injured ace Johan Santana, New York has a rotation that includes Jonathon Niese, Matt Harvey, Dillon Gee and Jeremy Hefner.
Santana had shoulder surgery Tuesday for the second time in 31 months.
The Mets said the 34-year-old left-hander was operated on at the Hospital for Special Surgery, where team medical director David Altchek repaired a tear in the capsule in the front of his left shoulder. The team said the two-time Cy Young Award winner was to be hospitalized overnight.
Santana is likely to miss the entire season for the second time in three years. He had surgery on Sept. 14, 2010, to repair tears in the front and bottom of the shoulder's anterior capsule and did not make it back to the major leagues until last April 5.
New York owes Santana $31 million from his $137.5 million, six-year contract. General manager Sandy Alderson said the remainder of the contract is not covered by insurance.


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Linked by Thom Holwerda on Mon 30th Jul 2012 19:38 UTC, submitted by tupp
It might be a cliche, but sometimes, a picture says more than a thousand words. Over the years, I've often talked about how the technology world is iterative, about how products are virtually always built upon that which came before, about how almost always, multiple people independently arrive at the same products since they work within the same constraints of the current state of technology. This elementary aspect of the technology world, which some would rather forget, has been illustrated very, very well in one of Samsung's legal filings against Apple.
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RE[3]: Crucifixion
by Priest on Wed 1st Aug 2012 06:47 UTC in reply to "RE[2]: Crucifixion"
he said:
>The iPad is just a giant iphone.
You said:
>"That's got to be one of the most clueless comments I've ever seen.....VERY different. The bigger screens gives the app maker room to do things in very different ways"
Since we are talking about hardware I think "giant iPhone" and "bigger screen" aren't terribly far apart. Besides, here is a tablet concept from 1994: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBEtPQDQNcI
The idea goes back to the 60's.


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This morning when I woke up I did the usual. I opened my laptop and perused the emails that had come in overnight and then went to Facebook and browsed the most recent status updates and posts. I soon realized that even though I was doing what I did every day, this was not an "everyday" type of day. My day was just beginning, but I had been made aware of the anniversaries of two really big ends.
First, there was an email from Tia Mirna simply titled "Hilarion" reminding her siblings that they had lost their father 53 years ago on May 18. When my grandfather passed away Mirna, the oldest of six, was about 11 years old. My mom, the second oldest, was 9. My late Tia Ilka, the youngest, was just two years old. Given how young they all were when he died, I'm always impressed with how vividly my mom and her siblings remember him. I guess when you lose someone that special that young, you really have to hold on to those memories.
After reflecting on the larger-than-life image of my grandfather I moved on to Facebook where I saw that one of the Cadignans I had stalked – ahem, friended – had posted something about "Abolition de l'esclavage en Martinique…22 Mai 1848." I don't know French, but I do know what that means: May 22nd is the anniversary of the abolition of slavery in Martinique.
With May 18th being a pivotal day in the memories and lives of Hilarion's family and May 22nd being a pivotal day in the history of the island his parents were from, I realized how significant this week in May is for the Vallee branch of my family. Moments of realization like this remind me why doing this family history research is so important for my understanding of who I am and where I come from on both personal and historical levels.
Rest in Peace Hilarion and long live a free Martinique!


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Usually, small companies and newly established firms announced sales and marketing opportunities with negligible qualification and other skills attributes. Pakistan have a wide range of career growth from entry level to executive, vice president posts, especially in multinational firms and renowned organizations. Same applies for marketing field. Marketing people in an organization allow the organizations to sell their product by following new innovations in the marketing field, which covers running promotion campaigns on all social media websites. Organization of all domain sizes required to establish sales and marketing department in conformity to their specifications. RightJob.Pk is only authenticated online platform in Pakistan that allows an organization to post free job post about sales and marketing staff requirements. And hire the top best candidates from all over the Pakistan.
Jobseekers are not needed to feel sad, because RightJobs.Pk offers equal opportunities for you as well. All you need to simply signup with Rightjobs.Pk and upload your modified resume and applied for acquiring job. Your resume will be forwarded to the concerned organizations without any faltering Categories (Prioritized Candidates who paid in other platforms, for resume forward actions) barriers.
Sales Representative is an entry level job that includes dealing with customers or business-to-business sales tasks. The primary responsibilities include the selling of company's products. The person either deals from storefront area or may have separate cabin within the department. This position has its own career growth with higher supervisory responsibilities. Sales Representative job in faisalabad Pakistan announced as Account Representative, Advertising Sales Representative, Automotive Sales Representative, Business Development Representative, Customer Care Representative, Distribution Sales Representative, Enterprise Resources Planning Representative, Enterprise Sales Representative, Healthcare Sales Representative, Industrial Sales Representative, Insurance Sales Representative, Investments Representative, , Medical Sales Representative, Retail Sales Representative, Sales Assistant, Sales Associate, Salesperson and much more.
In administration level positions, the person responsible for coordinating, scheduling, performing and managing administrative functions or analyzation of data in order to help the organization to make better decisions, understand current trends to meet future goals. Administration Level -Sales vacancies in Pakistan are usually carried as Sales Coordinator, Sales Operation Coordinator, and National Accounts Sales Analyst.
Executive level sales job involves the activities to establish a strong relationship with clients and managing their needs. These positions are usually advertised as Account Executives, Corporate Sales Account Executive, Financial Advisor, Financial Planner, Regional Sales Executive, Sales Account Executives. The Management level sales job usually involves the responsibilities of managing other staff, current customer accounts, and future strategic development in order to accomplish sales team goals like Business Development Managers and Marketing Managers. While Territory and Regional Managers have responsibilities for the specific area. Executive and Management Level Sales Job in Pakistan are usually advertised as Area Sales Manager, Direct Sales Manager, District Sales Manager, Retail Store Manager, Sales Manager, Territory Manager, Wholesale Sales Manager and etc.
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Social Media Marketing is the type of marketing product and services and gaining traffic from social media websites. Social media is one of the quickest and easiest media of promoting your business on free social platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram to directly engage the audience and potential customers. Social Media Marketing positionss in faisalabad Pakistan's are usually advertised as Social Media Strategist, Social Media Manager, Social Intelligence Professional, Social Media Events Manager, Social Media Policy Manager, Media Manager, Tweeter etc.
Search Engine Optimization is one of the most common marketing job in Pakistan. SEO persons are responsible for making strategies, techniques, and tactics to get higher traffic rate, increase in impression, and gaining more audience by optimizing the target websites on search engines like Google, yahoo, Bing and etc. SEO persons use both on-page and off-page SEO practices to optimize websites for search engines. SEO vacancies are announced as SEO Engineer, Search Engine Optimizer, SEO Customer Service Manager, SEO Executive, SEO Consultants, Lead SEO Campaign Manager, SEO Analytics, SEO Strategist, Search Engine Marketing Coordinator and etc.
Content marketing is strategic that focus on creating, writing and distributing valuable and relevant content on a regular basis in order to attract the end-user audience. Content writing is one of the most reliable way to optimize your websites for top searched keywords in search engine. Content Writer can have the job either as a permanent employee or as a freelance person. Females are usually encouraged to work as a content writer because they are graciously supported to work from home. Content marketing positions in faisalabad Pakistan are advertised as, Content Marketing Manager, Creative Assistant, Creative Director, Content Writers (Freelance/Permanent), Blog Writers, Article Writers, Website Content Writers, Creative Content Writers, Social Media Content Marketing Executive, Technical Content Writers, Digital Content Writers, Email Content Specialist, Digital Content Analyst, Content Marketing Specialist, Content Strategist, Video Content writers and Copy Writers etc.
Stay Connected with RightJobs.Pk to grab latest Sales and marketing vacancies in Pakistan. Subscribe to our Job Match SMS alerts.


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I went up Angeles Crest on Sunday, January 17, 2010 and took these pictures. Until a little over a week ago I didn't even know it was open, but a friend of mine told me how he brought his kids up towards Mt. Waterman to play in the snow. On Sunday, when I went up there, the road was closed at Redbox, so all the pictures are from below that area. I stopped by the ranger station and was told the whole forest is closed. When asked about the front side of Mt. Wilson, he told me certain areas/trails were open. He also told me the highway was basically for "through traffic only," meaning people weren't really supposed to be up there and stopping on the sides of the roads, although obviously this wasn't being enforced as there were a bunch of people up there.
Anyway, here are the pics:
Just up Angeles Crest Hwy from La Canada looking down the Arroyo Seco. This is the canyon up from JPL.
If you look closely you can make out the Ken Burton Trail in this picture switchbacking down the backside of Brown Mountain.
Near the convergence of the road to Tujunga and Angeles Crest.
Looking down towards the Switzer area
Forest "Closed" Sign
Strawberry Peak Trailhead. Nearly completely washed out and burned.
This was taken just up from Redbox. It looks the area just below Mt. Wilson (the backside) was pretty much spared.
This is the opposite side of the street from Redbox, looking in the direction of Mt. Lawlor.
The Canyon below Redbox. (This picture was taken after driving down the road from Redbox a little- the parking lots there were closed off).
A slightly more close-up view of some of the damage caused by the fire.
Given all the burned areas, almost all these areas must be pretty much one gigantic mudpie after all the rain we've had this week.


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The Official Web Site
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Site Admin
Joined: 28 Jul 1999
Posts: 1723
Location: San Francisco, CA
Posted: Tue May 20, 2003 12:43 am
Post subject: The Jacket
Hmm lost the original notice of this movie, but here's some updated news from the Cannes Film Festival.
Summit dons Maybury's Jacket
Mike Goodridge in Cannes 20 May 2003 04:05
Summit Entertainment has added The Jacket, a new film from Mandalay Pictures to its sales slate. Mark Wahlberg is attached to star in the lead role of the drama which is the first US film from the UKs John Maybury (Love Is The Devil).
A co-production between Mandalay and Section Eight, the Warner-based production outfit of Steven Soderbergh and George Clooney, the film will be distributed domestically by Warner Bros, although it is unclear as yet whether it will go through Warners main distribution organisation or a specialised division should the studio opt to create one this year.
Wahlberg, who has become associated with blockbusters such as The Italian Job, Planet Of The Apes and The Perfect Storm, stars in the intimate drama about a clairvoyant man wrongly convicted of murder who must use his abilities to discover who has framed him by shifting in and out of different realities, time and frames of mind to solve the mystery and prevent his own execution.
The film was originally written by Marc Rocco (Murder In The First) and had at various times Rocco and Antoine Fuqua attached to direct, although it has now been recrafted as a smaller film. A new draft of the screenplay has been written by Massy Tadjedin (Leo).
Soderbergh, Clooney and Peter Guber will produce the film which will start once Wahlberg has finished his stint in David O Russells ensemble comedy I Love Huckabees opposite Jude Law, Dustin Hoffman and Catherine Deneuve.
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City Gal
Joined: 12 Jun 2002
Posts: 2227
Location: London, England
Posted: Tue May 20, 2003 6:52 am
Post subject:
thanks Lianne
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no fear 25
Joined: 10 Aug 2002
Posts: 307
Location: UK England
Posted: Tue May 20, 2003 1:37 pm
Post subject:
Thanx Lianne he sure is a busy man does he ever rest
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Joined: 02 Aug 2002
Posts: 496
Location: Southern California
Posted: Wed May 21, 2003 11:30 pm
Post subject:
Thanks a lot for the info. I like this story line very much. As yet, noone else, other than Mark is starring! I wonder who else will sign up?
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Site Admin
Joined: 28 Jul 1999
Posts: 1723
Location: San Francisco, CA
Posted: Thu May 29, 2003 2:15 am
Post subject:
From Variety:
Pan-Latin-American distributor and rights broker Phoenix World Investments Intl. will establish a U.S.-based distribution company, PWI USA, focusing on domestic distribution of foreign films [. . .] It committed $10 million on Cannes deals including "The Jacket," toplining Mark Wahlberg, from Summit.
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Site Admin
Joined: 28 Jul 1999
Posts: 1723
Location: San Francisco, CA
Posted: Thu May 29, 2003 2:17 am
Post subject:
Mark on The Jacket from Blackfilm.com:
The project that Im doing in the Fall is something that I have always wanted to do. Its called The Jacket. Its a cross between Jacobss Ladder and One Flew Over The Cookoos Nest. Its a very demanding role, physically and mentally so Im gonna have to give it my all but Im excited about it. This is something you dont get to do very often.
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Joined: 27 Apr 2002
Posts: 2350
Location: UK
Posted: Thu May 29, 2003 1:52 pm
Post subject:
Thankyou Lianne. Looking forward to seeing this.
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Site Admin
Joined: 28 Jul 1999
Posts: 1723
Location: San Francisco, CA
Posted: Wed Aug 06, 2003 11:43 pm
Post subject:
If you haven't seen it yet, Variety reported last night Mark is OUT of The Jacket. No reasons given.
Adrien Brody is in talks to replace him. John Maybury still set to lens and no other cast has been said.
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Also note that if you are finding it impossible to enroll into this course, I am sorry but the only thing I can do is provide you with a link to CIT course waitlist. Every semester some number of students will drop the course and your best bet to get in would be to have your name on that waitlist. This a course that usually has a lot of demand! Please do register early.
The basics of data structures, recursion, object-oriented design and code maintainability will be taught in this course via the two languages.


text:
Message Board
Maureen Focht Message Board
Talk about the novels, new and used books that Focht has written!
Author Focht's Book Reviews
Silent Heroes, Courageous Families Living with Depression and Mental Illness
At the age of 11, the author watched her previously loving, nurturing mother have a complete mental breakdown. Her mother was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, and was ill the rest of her life. The author's father, the main Silent Hero, stayed to care for his wife and family, amid an almost impossible situation created by his wife's instability. This book chronicles the emotional journey of the author and the family through the process of trying to...


text:
Stoves Are Us offer electric stoves from top brands including Dimplex, Dovre, Esse, Broseley, Valor and Yeoman. Electric stoves provide the opportunity to install an exceptionally realistic log-effect stove, or coal-effect stove, without the need for a chimney or flue system. Therefore electric stoves can be plugged into a smaller space, making electric stoves ideal for rooms with limited hearth space, or smaller rooms in need of a secondary heat source.
Electric stoves provide an authentic traditional flame-effect for your home, without the need for maintenance. For more information, or expert advice on any of our electric stoves, or our Price Beater offer, please contact 01484 434321.
All our electric stove prices include VAT and delivery to a mainland UK address.
Buy with confidence, buy from stoves are us


text:
STOCKTON - Anonymous tips have led police to two men they suspect robbed separate banks in recent months.
STOCKTON - Anonymous tips have led police to two men they suspect robbed separate banks in recent months.
Stockton resident Richard Stoeckl, 20, and Manteca resident Christopher Mitchell, 20, are in San Joaquin County Jail and could face multiple counts of robbery, according to the Stockton Police Department.
Both men were arrested Thursday morning after police served high-risk search warrants at the men's homes, said Officer Joe Silva, a spokesman for the Police Department.
Authorities say Mitchell and Stoeckl held up the Bank of the West in the 500 block of Carolyn Weston Boulevard on Aug. 28 and the Premier West Credit Union in the 3200 block of Benjamin Holt Drive about a month later.
One shot was fired in the Sept. 25 credit union robbery, when Stoeckl fired his gun at a computer and wounded a teller, according to police.
STOCKTON - After asking what a 27-year-old had for him, a young man shot the victim in south Stockton on Thursday morning, police reported.
The 8 a.m. attack took place at Sierra Nevada and Fremont streets as the victim was walking, police said.
The assailant opened fire when the victim said he didn't have anything.
The injured man suffered a nonlife-threatening gunshot wound and said his attacker is 18 to 22 years old and stands about 6 feet tall with a thin build.
He was wearing dark baggy pants, a gray hooded sweatshirt and Nike Airforce shoes.


text:
Fisheating Creek meanders for 40 miles through this wildlife-rich area, long valued for its scenic beauty, unmarred by houses and other human intrusions
Share Your Visit
Inspire others to visit by sharing your special photos with us. read more »
Things to do
Pack a camera with your other outdoor gear when you set your sights on this scenic wild area. read more »
This is an excellent place to view wildlife year-round and is a site on the Great Florida Birding and Wildlife Trail. read more »
Habitat and Management
The long-term welfare of a number of protected native species depends on these well-managed habitats. read more »
From subsistence agriculture to modern cattle ranching, Fisheating Creek enjoys a long and storied history. read more »
Planning Your Visit
Situated on the western side of Lake Okeechobee; access is at two entrances located north and west of Moore Haven. read more »
FWC Facts:The oystercatcher is one of the largest and heaviest of Florida's shorebirds. It is striking in appearance: dark brown, black and white, with a bright red bill.
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text:
Animal Print Cape
Added Oct 15, 2012
by heatherlou
Montreal, Canada
I've been craving some animal print outerwear for years now and finally decided It Was Time. I used the cape pattern Vogue 8776, primarily because I loved the funnel collar and the fact that the placement of the arm openings would allow me to have my purse over my shoulder (the biggest downfall to most capes).
I wanted to delve into some couture dressmaking techniques, so I added welt pockets to all of the openings, and bound all of the buttonholes using a black cotton sateen. The pattern did not call for a lining but I wanted a flash of colour on the inside so I lined it with a winterweight satin lining. It is by far my most treasured homemade garment!
I wrote a longer post about my techniques here, and a tutorial on placing welt pockets on the seam of a garment here.
Material Notes
faux animal print upholstery fabric with short pile
heavy satin lining
plastic buttons
black cotton sateen trim at buttonholes & welt pockets
Related Techniques
9 Comments Sign in to add a post
Nov 9, 2012, 02.58 AMby ejtito
Well done and the lining is a nice touch!
Nov 2, 2012, 12.33 AMby infinite-plus-one
i really do like this, i'm in love with it!
Oct 23, 2012, 09.33 PMby Vanessa Leigh
This is fabullous. Shopping the pattern now!
Oct 23, 2012, 03.55 PMby mary-moff
I WANT THIS PATTERN! Can you upload??
Oct 20, 2012, 01.55 PMby oinochoe
Absolutly geogeous! I Love this collar and the elaborating Extras were defenitly worth doing. Thanks for showing us.
Oct 16, 2012, 10.58 PMby Denise Angela
Love the lining too…so gorgeous with your details!
Oct 16, 2012, 03.11 AMby godesscpsmom
Absolutely beautiful! Well thought out modifications that paid off. WoW!!!! I wanna make one…now!
Oct 15, 2012, 10.48 PMby Dawnqirl
This is amazing, it looks really expensive. Well done, the pop of colour in the lining is beautiful.
Oct 15, 2012, 04.56 PMby Mary Athey
This is just gorgeous. the linings.gorgeous as well x
Add to Favorites 19 people added it


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Waiting for the Light – Electronic ambient – Dream pop sound
Electric guitar with delay sound / Synthesizer / Warm Pad
Simple and Neutral, A wide range of used
Music for Promotional, Commercial, Non-Commercial, Corporate, Video Production, Website, Podcast, Advertising, Films, Radio, TV, Background music and other
Full 2:30 Loop 0:43 and 0:29
WAV and 320kbps mp3 are included.
YouTube users: to clear any copyright claims on your videos (including monetized videos), simply visit this page enter your details and video link and copy/paste the contents from your purchased License Certificate into the message box. licensed music by NopImocha [Noppadon Imocha] Claims are removed within 24 – 96 hours


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Unfortunately, the page you were looking for no longer exists. We are currently working on a new website that will update many of our older web pages.
See our current news blog: Digging the Fossil Record
Also check out our plans for our Deep Time exhibit hall, to open in 2019
And check out the links on the side bar to the left.


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VANCOUVER, BC –Following the completion of their six-week offseason training camp this week, Vancouver Whitecaps FC announced today the signings of midfielder Terry Dunfield and centre back Greg Janicki to the club's Major League Soccer roster. Per club policy, terms of the contracts were not disclosed.
Both Dunfield and Janicki were members of Whitecaps FC during the club's final season at the North American second division level in 2010. The pair joins goalkeeper Jay Nolly, right fullback Wes Knight, and midfielder Philippe Davies in making the transition from Vancouver's United States Soccer Federation Division-2 Professional League (USSF D-2) team to their MLS squad for the 2011 season.
"Terry and Greg are very professional in their approach and bring a lot of character to our roster," said Whitecaps FC head coach Teitur Thordarson. "Terry has played soccer at a very high level in England and we will benefit from the experience he will add to our team, as we enter our inaugural season in MLS. Greg is a player with huge potential and continues to mature as a centre back. His performances last season gave us the confidence to add him to our MLS roster."
A Canadian international, Dunfield has appeared for his country at the U-20, U-23 Olympic, and senior international levels. This included appearances in all three of Canada's group matches at the 2001 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Argentina and an appearance in the second round of CONCACAF Olympic qualifying in November 2003. His senior international debut came on May 29, 2010, when Canada claimed a 1-1 friendly draw in Venezuela. Dunfield performed well in central midfield during his last international appearance, as Canada defeated Honduras 2-1 in a friendly in Montreal, Quebec, on September 7, 2010.
Janicki, 26, returns to MLS after an impressive 2010 campaign with Whitecaps FC. The native of New Baltimore, Michigan, earned the USSF D-2 Pro League Defensive Player of the Year award, and was named to the league's Best XI, after helping the 'Caps surrender a league low 22 goals during the regular season. The 6-foot-3, 190-pound defender started all but one of his 33 total appearances for 2,953 minutes of action. Janicki also finished in a three-way tie at the top of the club's goalscoring charts with four goals, with two of his goals being match winners away from home.
Prior to joining Whitecaps FC, the former Michigan State University standout was a member of MLS outfit D.C. United from 2008 to 2009. The centre back made 10 regular season appearances during his two seasons with the Washington, D.C., outfit. He also appeared for United in the 2008-09 and 2009-10 editions of the CONCACAF Champions League, while he also made five starts in United's run to the 2009 Lamar Hunt US Open Cup final.
Terry Dunfield
Position: Midfielder
Height: 5-10
Weight: 165
Born: February 20, 1982, in Vancouver, British Columbia
Hometown: Vancouver, British Columbia
Last Club: Vancouver Whitecaps FC (USSF D-2 Pro League)
Citizenship: Canada
How Acquired: Signed to a MLS contract by Whitecaps FC on December 10, 2010
Greg Janicki
Position: Defender
Height: 6-03
Weight: 190
Born: July 9, 1984, in Rochester, Michigan
Hometown: New Baltimore, Michigan
Last Club: Vancouver Whitecaps FC (USSF D-2 Pro League)
College: Michigan State University
Citizenship: United States
How Acquired: Signed to a MLS contract by Whitecaps FC on December 10, 2010
Whitecaps FC 2011 Major League Soccer season tickets start at a base price of $319, plus applicable tax and a $10 processing fee per order, and more than 60 per cent of seats are available for less than $31 per game. To secure a seat and for additional information about Whitecaps FC MLS season tickets, suites, and loge boxes, call 604.669.9283 or visit whitecapsfc.com.


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October 22, 1998
Ms. Doris Dixon
National Collegiate Athletic Association
One Dupont Circle, NW
Suite 400
Washington, D.C. 20036
Dear Ms. Dixon:
This is in response to your May 13, 1997, letter. In your letter, you mentioned several issues that we had previously discussed in a February meeting with you and the President of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), Mr. Cedric Dempsey. Using different scenarios as examples, your letter raises additional questions to this Office regarding whether the NCAA can disclose education records of student-athletes in compliance with the redisclosure provisions of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA).
Scenario One
Actions by student-athletes have been brought against the NCAA in administrative or court proceedings on both state and federal levels. In the federal regulations effective December 23, 1996, prior consent is not required when the disclosure is to comply with a judicial order or lawfully issued subpoena or when the educational agency or institution initiates legal action against a parent or student.
Question (a)
Is prior consent of the student required when the NCAA discloses the student's education records for purposes of defending itself against a lawsuit or in an administrative proceeding brought by the student-athlete or his or her parents?
No, if the disclosure is necessary for the NCAA to defend itself. In the preamble to the Department's final rule amending FERPA on November 21, 1996, we stated:
...the Department interprets FERPA to allow an educational agency or institution to infer the parent's or student's implied waiver of the right to consent to the disclosure of information from the student's education records if the parent or student has sued the institution.
61 Fed. Reg. 59,292, 59,294 (November 21, 1996).
As the preamble states, we have determined that an educational institution may infer a student's implied waiver of the right to consent to the release of information from his or her education records when the student has sued the institution. We believe that if a student sues a school, the school must be allowed to redisclose information to the extent necessary to defend itself.
We further believe that the same principle of implied consent that applies to educational institutions should apply to third parties that receive information from education records, like the NCAA. In short, the NCAA may also assume the implied consent of a student-athlete that sues the NCAA, and may redisclose the student's education records in court in order to defend itself -- whether a student or a parent of the student is the plaintiff1.
As to whether the same rationale would apply to a situation where a student or parent has initiated an administrative proceeding against the NCAA, it depends on the nature of the proceeding. While we believe that a law suit and an administrative proceeding to which you refer are comparable, we would need additional information about the types of administrative proceedings that the NCAA is involved in order to answer this question.
Question (b)
If a student refers to other students in such cases and argues that he/she is being treated differently from the other students, is it permissible for the NCAA to defend itself against such accusations by referring to personally identifiable information pertaining to other students.
No. There is no exception in FERPA, or previous interpretation by this Office, that would allow the NCAA to redisclose the education records of other students who have been named in a lawsuit without the other students' prior written consent. However, redaction of all personally identifiable information from an education record may be acceptable, as long as the students' identities would not be easily traceable. In addition, FERPA would not prevent the NCAA from disclosing education records of another student if it received a subpoena for such records.
Scenario Two
State and federal government officials have requested the student files and/or information in the student files. Also, some officials want to discuss personally identifiable information in student's files with NCAA staff persons. There are specific inquiries as well as general inquiries.
Questions (a)(i) and (ii)
For instance, a student-athlete has contacted the governor of her state complaining the NCAA denied her eligibility. The governor's office has contacted an NCAA official or staff person to discuss the individual's case.
i. Is it permissible for the NCAA to discuss or disclose personally identifiable information from a student's file without first requiring a written consent from the student-athlete?
ii. By contacting the government official for assistance, does the student-athlete implicitly authorize the NCAA to disclose personally identifiable information from the student-athlete's education records with the government official?
As noted above, we have determined that there are instances where an educational institution must be allowed to defend itself if a student takes an adversarial position against an institution -- such as initiating a law suit or administrative hearing. We believe that the implied waiver of the right to consent extends to situations where a parent or student attempts to enlist the assistance of an entity that will possibly intervene in the matter against the school.
In other words, if the student or parent asks a third party, in writing2, to take action against a school, we believe that the institution must be allowed to defend itself, and that it may release a student's education records without the consent of the student. Because the student has asked a third party to take action against the institution, the student has attempted to use a "special relationship" to his or her advantage, and common sense dictates that the school must be allowed to respond. In sum, the "special relationship" test applies if the student has taken an adversarial position against the school, the allegations of wrongdoing are in writing, and the allegations have been shared with the entity whose assistance is being sought.
We have determined that this same principle also applies to the NCAA. In short, the NCAA, like any postsecondary institution, must be able to defend itself if a student-athlete has taken an adversarial position, written the governor of his or her State, complained that the NCAA denied him or her eligibility and asked the governor to intervene.
Questions (b)(i)(ii)(iii) and (iv)
Another instance, which the Department of Education's Family Policy Compliance Office may be aware of, is that the Department of Justice has informally requested that NCAA produce to them entire student files for all disabled student-athletes who applied for a waiver of the initial eligibility requirements of the 1996-1997 school year. The Department of Justice will allow NCAA to redact the names and addresses of the student. These files may include other personally identifiable information including the high school attended by the student, the university the student attended, the type of sport the student participates in, the name of the student's treating physicians and other similar information.
I. In this situation, does the NCAA or the government agency make the determination as to what information is personally identifiable?
ii. Does personally identifiable information have to be determined on a case-by-case review of each student's file? That is, in some high-profile cases, even a description of the type of disability might make the student-athlete easily traceable or personally identifiable. In these situations, how much discretion does NCAA have to redact this information?
iii. Does the NCAA need to obtain a written consent from and/or provide notification to each student-athlete whose file is sent to a government agency in response to a formal or informal inquiry or investigation?
[iv.] If the NCAA releases student files to the government agency under the good faith belief that it does not contain personally identifiable information, what is the extent of NCAA's liability?
It is our understanding that Congress has introduced legislation to amend FERPA to allow for the nonconsensual disclosure of information from student education records maintained by postsecondary institutions, or third parties that maintain education records, such as the NCAA, to authorized representatives of the Attorney General for law enforcement purposes. Assuming that this language is enacted into law, the NCAA would be able to rerelease personally identifiable information from a student's education record in response to a Department of Justice investigation without violating FERPA. This proposed change is currently found in section 951 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1998, and we would be happy to provide a copy of the provision to you once the bill becomes law.
Scenario/question Three
Can the NCAA release information to an eligible student-athlete's parents or attorney without first obtaining written consent from the student-athlete?
The NCAA may redisclose information from a student's education records to the student's attorney because an attorney would be acting as a legal representative for the student. We recommend that you obtain a written designation of the attorney by the student in these circumstances. However, this is not necessarily the case with the student's parents.
When a student reaches the age of 18 or attends an institution of postsecondary education, that student is deemed "eligible" and all of the rights afforded by FERPA transfer from the parents to the student. The statute provides:
For the purposes of this section, whenever a student has attained eighteen years of age, or is attending an institution of postsecondary education the permission or consent required of and the rights accorded to the parents of the student shall thereafter only be required of and accorded to the student.
20 U.S.C. § 1232g(d). Accordingly, the rights afforded by FERPA transfer to students in attendance at a college or university, whether or not they have reached the age of 18. However, FERPA states that a school can disclose an eligible student's education records to his or her parents without prior written consent if:
The disclosure is to parents of a dependent student, as defined in section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954.
34 CFR § 99.31(a)(8). Therefore, the NCAA may not redisclose education records to a student-athlete's parents without written consent of the eligible student unless the redisclosure is to parents of a "dependent student" and the redisclosure is made on behalf of the postsecondary institution. See 34 CFR § 99.33(a)(2)(b).
Scenario Four
There are many instances where a student-athlete or her parents publicly disclose personally identifiable information such as grades or test scores to the media as well as to state and federal government officials usually in whole or in part. For instance, a student-athlete who does not meet the NCAA core course requirement for eligibility may publicize to the media that he/she had a 3.9 grade point average and was denied eligibility. Often, the student-athlete or the parents do not reveal the entire story or may even provide false or misleading information. The result is that the media publishes a story that is not true or is misleading and the NCAA bears the wrath of the public.
Question (a)
In these situations, to what extent may the NCAA publicly disclose personally identifiable information from a student's education records in order to correct or to clarify information provided by the student-athlete or the parents?
As you are aware, FERPA generally protects students' privacy interests in "education records" by generally prohibiting the disclosure of education records absent the student's prior written consent. The term "education records" is defined as:
[T]hose records, files, documents, and other materials, which (i) contain information directly related to a student; and (ii) are maintained by an educational agency or institution, or by a person acting for such agency or institution.
20 U.S.C. § 1232g(a)(4). See also 34 CFR § 99.3 "Education records." In addition, the general prohibition on the disclosure of information from education records extends to the third party maintaining the records. Consequently, FERPA restricts the "redisclosure" of education records or information from education records by third parties, except under certain conditions.
FERPA provides that education records, or personally identifiable information from such records, may be disclosed by institutions of postsecondary education to third parties only after the student has provided his or her prior written consent. 20 U.S.C. § 1232g(b)(1) and (b)(2)(A); 34 CFR § 99.30. In the case of the NCAA, postsecondary institutions may disclose information from the education records of student-athletes to the NCAA if the student has signed a copy of the NCAA's Student Athlete Statement. This Office has previously determined that the Student Athlete Statement meets FERPA's prior written consent requirement.
Because FERPA limits the redisclosure of information from education records by third parties, information from an education record that the NCAA receives from an institution cannot generally be redisclosed without the student's prior written consent. See 34 CFR § 99.33(a). In this regard, the FERPA regulations state that officers, employees, and agents of a party that receives information from education records may use the information, but only for the purposes for which the disclosure was made. Section 99.33(a)(2)(b) further states:
Paragraph (a) of this section does not prevent an educational agency or institution from disclosing personally identifiable information with the understanding that the party receiving the information may make further disclosures of the information on behalf of the educational agency or institution if:
(1) The disclosures meet the requirements of § 99.31; and
(2) The educational agency or institution has complied with the requirements of § 99.32(b).
(Emphasis added.) Section 99.31 lists the 13 exceptions under which schools may disclose education records absent prior written consent of the student. Section 99.32(b) requires that schools keep a record of disclosure of information from education records that includes the name of the party receiving the information and the legitimate interest of the requesting party.
Further, the statute states:
If a third party outside the educational agency or institution permits access to information in violation of paragraph (2) (A), or fails to destroy information in violation of paragraph (1) (F), the educational agency or institution shall be prohibited from permitting access to information from education records to that third party for a period of not less than five years.
20 U.S.C. § 1232g(b)(4)(B); See 34 CFR § 99.31(a)(6)(iii).
Therefore, if the NCAA improperly redisclosed information from a student's education record that it received from a particular institution, that institution could be precluded by FERPA from making further disclosures to the NCAA for a minimum of five years. We also note that the institution has the initial responsibility of notifying a party (i.e., the NCAA) receiving education records under §§ 99.30 and 99.31 of the FERPA requirements relating to any rerelease of information from those records. See 34 CFR § 99.33(d). This requirement does not apply if the disclosure of education records is to an eligible student, a disclosure of directory information, or to disclosures made pursuant to lawfully issued subpoenas or to comply with a judicial order. 34 CFR § 99.33(c).
Turning to your question regarding whether the NCAA can redisclose "inaccurate" or "incomplete" information from education records, this Office has determined that the NCAA cannot make a statement concerning inaccurate or incomplete information because the NCAA would have to rely on information from education records. For example, if the media claims that a student-athlete has a 3.5 Grade Point Average (GPA) and the student's education records indicate a 3.0 GPA, a statement from the NCAA that the 3.5 GPA is inaccurate would be based on information derived from the student's education record.
While you have expressed to this Office the need for the NCAA to be able to correct inaccurate information, the only way in which the NCAA could do so without violating FERPA would be to have the student-athlete provide his or her written consent for the NCAA to redisclose publicly information from his or her education records. Accordingly, in a situation where the NCAA wishes to correct inaccurate information, the NCAA should indicate that FERPA restricts the redisclosure of information from education records, and in order to discuss any details from such records, the student would have to provide his or her prior written consent. The NCAA may want to add that it would be free to discuss information in education records3 after it receives the student's written consent to do so.
Furthermore, information created by the NCAA that does not contain information from education records is not protected by FERPA. For example, an NCAA decision to investigate a student-athlete for an NCAA rules violation that is created and maintained by the NCAA, and not derived from education records, would not be protected by FERPA4.
Question (b)
Does the student-athlete (or parents) waive the privacy protections of the Buckley Amendment by either the filing of a lawsuit contesting the NCAA's eligibility determination or by discussing personally identifiable information with the media?
As discussed above in scenario one, question (a), the NCAA may disclose information from an education record for the limited purpose of defending itself in a lawsuit. The student-athlete, however, does not waive his or her privacy rights by talking to the media. Even if a lawsuit is brought against the NCAA by a student-athlete, the NCAA cannot redisclose education records to the media regarding the case. Rather, the NCAA could direct the media to certain information from education records revealed in court documents filings.
Question (c)
Are there situations, other than the written consent, when the student or the parents can waive their rights under the Buckley Amendment with regards to disclosure of personally identifiable information?
Those situations are discussed above.
Scenario Five
There is a common question among many NCAA staffers with regards to dealing with the media in light of the Buckley Amendment. NCAA actions and decisions receive wide media attention. Some of these actions and decisions are made upon personally identifiable information in a student's education records. Staff members are contacted on a daily basis by members of the media concerning high profile cases involving individual student athletes. NCAA staff members have been instructed to inform the media and other interested persons that they cannot discuss individual cases because of the Buckley Amendment's requirements. However, rather than asking about a case, the creative media people pose hypotheticals that have one or two key facts similar to the individual cases. Our policy at this point is to explain the NCAA bylaws and rules applicable to the situation and NCAA's interpretation of these rules based on precedent. Of course, some members of the media may take this explanation out of context.
Question (a)
Is the NCAA's policy in conformance with the requirements of the Buckley Amendment?
As long as information from education records is not redisclosed or relied upon during discussions with the media about how NCAA bylaws and rules apply to a particular situation, these types of discussions would not violate FERPA regardless whether members of the media take the explanation out of context. The NCAA could also explain that if the media wants facts about a particular student's education records, it simply needs to provide the NCAA with a written consent from the student allowing for the redisclosure of information from education records to the media. FERPA neither prevents the NCAA from discussing its own rules and bylaws with the public, nor does it address conclusions drawn by the media as a result of these discussions.
Question (b)
Can we confirm or deny reports or rumors if the information is provided by the member of the media, e.g. can you confirm that John Doe is ineligible because he did not have the requisite minimum grade point average?
No. In order to confirm or deny a student-athlete's status, an NCAA staff member would have to generally rely on information from an education record. As such, we believe an improper disclosure would take place, even if the NCAA does not release the student's exact GPA. Therefore, we suggest that the NCAA explain that it cannot comment unless it receives the student's prior written consent to do so.
Question (c)
Do you have other suggestions for dealing with the media given the nature of the NCAA and its functions?
Because FERPA does not allow for the redisclosure of a student- athlete's education records to the media, we again suggest that the NCAA rely on FERPA's prior written consent provision that would allow the redisclosure of such information. The NCAA should indicate to the media that if it receives prior written consent of the student, it would be free to comment on information from education records.Scenario Six
As an essential part of the investigation and enforcement proceedings, NCAA needs to share information such as transcripts, test results and other data from a student's educational records with involved individuals who may be named in an allegation. As part of the due process measure set forth in the Enforcement Procedure, any individual against whom an allegation has been alleged has the right to review all pertinent evidentiary materials involving him/her. We may also need to discuss personally identifiable information with relatives or friends of the student-athlete for purposes of investigating the validity of allegations.
Question (a)
Is the NCAA required to obtain a written consent from the student-athlete prior to disclosing and/or discussing this information with such individuals in its investigation of violations?
Yes, except for information that is not obtained from education records.
Question (b)
If so, is it possible to use a standard consent form such that the student consents to the disclosure of this information during the infraction investigation to the above-described individuals? Can we incorporate this type of consent into the student-athlete statement without affecting the enforceability of said consent?
FERPA requires that specific written consent be provided prior to disclosure of education records. The consent must be signed and dated. In addition, the written consent must specify the records that may be disclosed, state the purpose of the disclosure, and identify the party or class of parties to whom the disclosure may be made. 34 CFR § 99.30.
As we discussed at our meeting, one possibility would be for the NCAA to provide a form to student-athletes that includes a waiver allowing for the redisclosure of information from education records in certain situations. The NCAA could determine in what particular situations redisclosure may be important or necessary. For example, the NCAA could draft a consent form allowing for the redisclosure of education records to specified individuals during an infraction investigation. The NCAA must ensure that the consent form meets the above outlined requirements. Additionally, the NCAA could incorporate such a prior written consent into its Student Athlete Disclosure form. This Office would be glad to review any proposed disclosure form.
Scenario Seven
The NCAA publishes information regarding its infraction cases and certain eligibility appeals in the NCAA News Register. This release excludes the student-athlete's name and the name of the member institution. The categories reported include: 1) how reported; 2) the type of sport(s); 3) citation to the NCAA bylaws and rules; 4) description of the facts; 5) description of the action taken by the member institution; 6) description of the action taken by the NCAA. The purpose of publishing this information is to inform and educate member institutions, institutional staff members and student-athletes of NCAA rules and their application to certain facts.
Question (a)
Does this type of information constitute personally identifiable information when the student's name and the name of the member institution is not revealed?
FERPA defines "personally identifiable information" as including, but not limited to, the following:
- The student's name;
- The name of the student's parent or other family member;
- The address of the student or student's family;
- A personal identifier, such as the student's social security number or student number;
- A list of personal characteristics that would make the student's identity easily traceable;
- Other information that would make the student's identity easily traceable.
34 CFR § 99.3 ("Personally identifiable information"). Therefore, information would be considered easily traceable if sufficient details are disclosed to allow a reasonable person to determine the identity of the student-athlete and thus easily trace the record to that individual. Based on the categories you have mentioned above, we do not believe that the information disclosed in the NCAA News Register would constitute personally identifiable information under FERPA as long as the NCAA did not mention the name of the student-athlete, the name of institution, and the factual description was brief and non-specific. We note that in high profile cases, the description of facts in nonpersonally identifiable form may be such that reasonable persons could determine the identity of the student-athlete. In such cases, a detailed listing of the facts may need to be omitted.
Question (b)
Is this type of release acceptable under the Buckley Amendment?
If the information from education records is not easily traceable to a student-athlete, then FERPA would permit this type of release. Of course, if challenged each disclosure would have to be examined on a case-by-case basis.
Question (c)
After the Committee on Infractions' hearings, the Committee's report is released to the media with the names of individuals deleted. Is this permissible?
See answers to questions (a) and (b), and the discussion of "easily traceable."
Scenario/question Eight
The NCAA often recognizes student-athletes who excel in the areas of academics, intercollegiate competition and extracurricular activities. Would the Department of Education consider it a violation of the Buckley Amendment if the NCAA publishes the grade-point average, i.e. 3.9 GPA, of an outstanding academic All-American student-athlete without first obtaining the student's written consent?
As mentioned previously, there are 13 exceptions that permit a school to disclose personally identifiable information from a student's education records without the prior consent of the student. One exception allows for the disclosure of "directory information" -- information contained in an education record of a student that would not generally be considered harmful or an invasion of privacy if disclosed.
More specifically, directory information includes, but is not limited to, information such as: "a student's name, address, telephone listing, date and place of birth, major field of study, participation in officially recognized activities and sports, weight and height of members of athletic teams, dates of attendance, degrees and awards received, and the most previous educational agency or institution attended." 34 CFR § 99.3 ("directory information"). FERPA further provides that prior consent before disclosure is not required if the information to be disclosed is information the educational agency or institution has designated as "directory information" under the conditions described in § 99.375. 34 CFR § 99.31(a)(11).
We have previously determined that the type of information you describe is information that postsecondary institutions may designate as "directory information." For example, schools may publish as directory information "top 10% of the class" because it is similar to receiving an award or honor. Please note, however, that schools could not disclose the actual grades or GPA of a student who was in the top 10% of his or her class. We believe that -- provided the disclosing institution has appropriately designated "degrees and awards received" in its directory information -- the NCAA could redisclose this type of information under FERPA's directory information exception without the student's prior consent.
I trust that this letter is helpful in responding to your questions. We apologize for the amount of time it took to respond. Please do not hesitate to contact this Office again if you have further questions or need additional clarification for any of the answers in this letter.
LeRoy S. Rooker
Family Policy Compliance Office
[1]When a student reaches 18 years of age or attends a postsecondary institution, the student becomes an "eligible student" and all FERPA rights transfer from the parent to the student. 34 CFR § 99.3 ("Eligible student").
[2]FERPA provides that in order to be valid, any consent given by the parent or eligible student must be in writing. 20 U.S.C. § 1232g(b)(1); 34 CFR § 99.30(a). We have concluded that in order for the implied waiver of consent to apply, the initial request by the parent or eligible student must also be in writing.
[3]FERPA only protects information contained in education records. FERPA does not protect the confidentiality of information in general, and, therefore, does not apply to the disclosure of information derived from a source other than education records, even if education records exist which contain such information. As a general rule, information that is obtained through personal knowledge or observation, and not from an education record, is not protected from disclosure under FERPA. Cf. Kline v. Department of Health & Human Services, 927 F.2d 522 (10th Cir. 1991) (Privacy Act); Thomas v. Department of Energy, 719 F.2d 342 (10th Cir. 1983) (Privacy Act); Savarese v. Harris, 620 F.2d 298 (5th Cir. 1980)(Privacy Act), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1078 (1982).
[4]For the record, we do not believe that the NCAA is a recipient of federal funds as provided for by FERPA. FERPA applies to any "educational agency or institution to which funds have been made available under any program administered by the Secretary..." 34 CFR § 99.1(a). We are not aware of any Department program that provides federal funding directly to the NCAA. Therefore, we have concluded that the 3rd Circuit's recent holding that the NCAA is a "recipient" for purposes of Title IX is distinguishable because FERPA's regulatory framework for determining who is a recipient is much narrower than Title IX's. See Smith v. NCAA, 139F.3d 180, 189 (3rd. Cir. 1998), cert. granted, 67 U.S.L.W. 3187 (U.S. Sept. 29, 1998)(No. 98-84) (Title IX definition of recipient includes entities that benefit indirectly from receipt of federal funds.)
[5]Section 99.37 requires postsecondary institutions to give public notice of the types of information it has designated as directory information, allow students the opportunity to opt out of the disclosure of this type of information, and provide students a time period in which they must submit in writing to the institution the fact that they does not want their directory information disclosed.


text:
Consensus Report
Overcoming Challenges to Develop Countermeasures Against Aerosolized Bioterrorism Agents: Appropriate Use of Animal Models (2006)Board on Life Sciences
Each report is produced by a committee of experts selected by the Academy to address a particular statement of task and is subject to a rigorous, independent peer review; while the reports represent views of the committee, they also are endorsed by the Academy. Learn more on our expert consensus reports.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) gives the highest priority to developing countermeasures against bioterrorism agents that are highly infective when dispersed in aerosol form. Developing drugs to prevent or treat illnesses caused by bioterrorism agents requires testing their effectiveness in animals since human clinical trials would be unethical. At the request of NIAID, the National Academies conducted a study to examine how such testing could be improved. The report provides recommendations to researchers on selecting the kinds of animal models, aerosol generators, and bioterrorism agent doses that would produce conditions that most closely mimic the disease process in humans. It also urges researchers to fully document experimental parameters in the literature so that studies can be reproduced and compared. The report recommends that all unclassified data on bioterrorism agent studies -- including unclassified, unpublished data from U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infections Diseases (USAMRIID) -- be published in the open literature. The report also calls on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to improve the process by which bioterrorism countermeasures are approved based on the results of animal studies.
Key Messages
- Dose is commonly reported as a median lethal dose (LD50) or a median infectious dose (ID50). However, these measures can be greatly affected by the method of delivery, the aerosol particle-size distribution, the site of deposition in the respiratory tract, and the species under study, making replication and interpretation of the study difficult.
- Extensive data on the characteristics of many animal models and different strains of infectious agents are not available in the published literature.
- Studies involving aerosol inhalation exposures are technically difficult because the potency of the agent and the dose delivered are greatly affected by the aerosol generation equipment and the characteristics of the generated aerosol.
- Studies to extrapolate a lethal or infectious dose often use a limited number of animals. This creates statistical concerns about variability and uncertainty that need to be addressed.
- The committee considered several inhalation delivery methods including whole-body exposure, head-only exposures, nose-only exposures, or mouth-only exposures. The committee found that the use of apparatus specific to each type of delivery method required special considerations to lower variability during dosing.
- The committee found that few animal models of bioterrorism agents have been shown to be predictive of the human disease process. In addition to demonstrating efficacy, considerable effort will have to be expended to establish the predictive value of an animal model, and there is widespread concern in the research community that animal models acceptable to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration cannot be developed for all of the select agents.
- The development or selection of an animal model that approximates the human disease process is dependent on a robust knowledge of the natural history and pathogenesis of the disease. No single animal model will exactly replicate responses seen in humans; therefore endpoint-based findings in animals are extrapolated to humans.
- The wide variation in published LD50 values in the available literature also makes it difficult to compare countermeasure efficacies, potency of different agent sources and strains, and response of different animal species and strains. Additional data on challenge doses may help alleviate this issue until reporting of dosimetry is standardized and sufficient additional data are generated.


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Breakfast outdoors at Springdale Inn in Verona, and watch the resident Ruby-throated Hummingbirds, Eastern Bluebirds, and Monarch and Swallowtail Butterflies as they revel in their native prairie gardens. And that's not all! Prairie enthusiast turned Innkeeper Nancy Hylbert is known for sending you off with your own complementary starter native plant garden, which she'll dig from the extensive prairie nursery surrounding her inn.
Experience the Seasons (thanks – we'll take SPRING now) at Cold Spring Inn & Vineyard in Hubertus, located on 80 acres of the Kettle Moraine watershed along the Oconomowoc River. A new boutique vineyard enhances the landscape and guests are invited to sample the wines … now that's as "locally sourced" as you can get! Try the inn's par-3 golf green – a hole-in-one scores a free night stay!


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Push Square: "Sony's stunning Killzone franchise has always had a foreboding visual undertone to it, so it's not particularly surprising to learn that Supermassive Games' upcoming PlayStation Move exclusive teen horror title Until Dawn is being built on top of the first-person shooter's incredible technology."
Interesting. It's about time the engine is being outsourced for other devs to utilize it.
Amazing,the engine is the best along with uncharted,i dont see why other devs dont choose to use this or buy a license from the two devs,all games would look killer and not have bad jaggies lol
So undressing a girl will look better than ever judging by that article pic....unless you have a real girlfriend :P