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Snuff (US - BD)
Gabe revisits one of the greatest exploitation hoaxes of all time...
Deep in South America, a Manson-like cult leader named Satan cavorts with his bevy of beautiful biker-chick followers while compelling them to kill in his name. When sexy American actress Terry London arrives with producer Max Marsh to shoot a new movie there, the creepy cult targets her and her friends with plans of murder, mayhem, and the grisly sacrifice of her unborn baby. Is the final bloody massacre only a movie? Or is it the shocking footage of an actual murder committed before the camera? (From Blue Underground's official synopsis)
I've made it my particularly sad life goal to see every one of the films the British Board of Film Certification attempted to prosecute under the Obscene Publications Act of 1983. These 72 genre films (39 successfully prosecuted, 33 unsuccessfully prosecuted), dubbed the 'video nasties,' are mostly known for their revolting shocks and gore, but, in more cases than not, the thing that connects them is their dire quality as actual movies. However, a great number of them, especially the terrible ones, have fascinating production/release histories. Few are more fascinating than story of Michael and Roberta Findlay's Snuff, as best chronicled in David Kerekes & David Slater's Killing For Culture: An Illustrated History of Death Film from Mondo to Snuff, an indispensable, highly recommended tome that was updated just last year.
First, I should probably define a snuff movie for those unaware of the intricacies of the term. Quite often, footage of real death captured on film is mistaken for snuff, but, technically speaking, a snuff movie implies that a planned execution has been filmed for the sake of the murder. This means that stuff like the Zapruder Film, where a camera happened to photograph death, does not count as snuff. The term 'death film' is usually used in regards to this kind of stuff, especially when it is compiled for the sake of a faux-documentary or Mondo movie, like Faces of Death (which is almost entirely faked, for the record). Apparently, actual snuff films do exist (especially in the digital video era), but the rumours of criminal empires selling such movies on black markets have, to my knowledge, remained unverified legends. These legends have existed for almost as long as motion pictures. Everyone has 'an uncle' or a 'friend of a friend' that has stumbled across a real snuff film, but the vast majority (if not all) of these stories are usually mixed falsehoods, flat-out lies, or simple misunderstandings. In the case of misunderstandings, someone gets their hands on a convincingly executed work of fiction, like Hideshi Hino's first two Guinea Pig shorts or Ruggero Deodato's Cannibal Holocaust, and make the wrong assumption (this exact thing happened to Charlie Sheen). In the '70s, gore films and pornography were emerging as mainstream entertainment. The controversy surrounding these movies, along with gave rise to further paranoia concerning the snuff myth, controversy exploitation filmmakers were all too happy to, well, exploit.
The Findlays were oldschool grindhouse mainstays that filled 42nd Street theaters with soft-core porn, vicious roughies, and faux-documentaries throughout the late '60s. In 1971, they attempted to cash-in on the Manson-sploitation fad with Slaughter. Producer Allan Shackleton was not impressed with what he saw and shelved the film for years…until he read an article claiming that the FBI was looking into rumours of 8mm snuff films leaking into the states from South America. Shackleton realized that Slaughter, the movie that was so bad that he couldn't stand to release it, was coincidentally shot in Argentina. He then decided to ditch the outdated Manson Family hysteria in exchange for snuff hysteria (which is fun, because snuff hysteria was stoked by rumours that the Manson Family had shot footage of their victims). He took advantage of the Findlays' sloppy, abrupt ending and hired porn director Simon Nuchtern to throw together a coda that reveals that the film wasn't finished, because the director murdered the lead actress. New ending in place, Shackleton re-titled Slaughter as Snuff and gave it a shockingly high profile release, complete with a scheme to convince a naïve public that he was selling a genuine illegal snuff film. The release garnered massive protests from women's groups that, in turn, garnered major media coverage. Some stories insist that Shackleton himself orchestrated the picketing by hiring actors, while others claim that he merely called in anonymous tips to Women Against Pornography. Eventually, there were even official police/FBI investigations, which merely fed the film's reputation and Snuff went on to be one of the biggest exploitation hits of all time.
The best part was that the film's tagline – 'The film that could only be made in South America…where life is cheap!' – wasn't even a lie, technically speaking, because Slaughter was truly shot in South America.
Outside of the brilliant advertising and a lasting reputation, it's pretty hard to find conventional value in Snuff as a 'real movie,' but it's also not quite as bad as I remember it being the first time I saw it (when I literally fell asleep). Shackleton's disinterest in the original footage probably pertained mostly to its lethargic pace and general lack of content. By 'real movie' standards, it's certainly boring, but, in comparison to most of Jesus Franco's horror quickies, for example (some of which also found their way onto the DPP's list), Snuff is downright breezy. The screenplay, assuming there was one, amusingly attempts to shoehorn the Tate/LaBianca murders into about three other plotlines that intersect so many times that I completely loss track of who was on what side of the conflict. I suspect the original Slaughter footage ended where it did because the Findlays were just as confused as I was and gave up. The terrible acting and stifled, overly-expositional dialogue are so laughable that it's hard to believe any of the protests would've occurred if someone would've bothered to actually see the movie. I'm pretty sure I've never seen someone say 'Pig! Filthiest of all animals! I will cut out your heart and feed it to the dogs!' in a more dispassionate manner. Things get especially hilarious around the center of the story, when characters start barking at each other about Israeli/Palestinian hostility, complete with dramatic crash zooms into angry faces.
On a stylistic level, The Findlays and their uncredited crew (technically, everyone is uncredited here) try very hard to emulate the Hollywood New Wave. Dennis Hopper's Easy Rider appears to be the key influence, especially its roaming, handheld camera work and montage editing. This effort is commendable, but the accidental artistry is more charming than the occasional grasps at 'real' filmmaking, like the reasonably successful subliminal editing techniques during the more hallucinatory scenes. Nuchtern's coda doesn't even kind of match the Slaughter footage (the room looks different, the actors look different, the costumes look different, etc.), but is similarly hard to judge on a technical level. The vérité look is effectively disturbing as is the violence on a conceptual level (the victim is held down, choked, stabbed, has her finger clipped off with wire cutters, has her hand removed with a portable band saw, and is then gutted, culminating in the 'director' holding her intestines over his head and shouting). Unfortunately (or fortunately, depending on your point of view), the effects work is shoddy, even by 1976 standards, and there are far too many cuts and alternate angles for anyone to ever buy into the idea that this was a real murder. The Slaughter footage is relatively violent too, especially if it would have been released in 1971. The violence is messily executed and the blood entirely unrealistic, but the brutality of the torture sequences in particular press the boundaries into near Last House on the Left territory (minus all of Craven's film's sense of danger). The sex is pretty chaste, though, leaving even more to our imaginations than the average softcore film from the era (mostly bare breast groping and moaning noises).
In the tradition of many late '60s/early '70s grindhouse 'classics,' Snuff (and, seemingly, Slaughter) was shot on 16mm, then blown-up to 35mm for theatrical presentation. This is, obviously, not the ideal format for a beautiful Blu-ray restoration, but this new 1080p transfer looks pretty great for what the film is. The HD transfer is presented in 1.66:1, splitting the difference between the OAR of 1.33:1 and the 'intended' theatrical exhibition ratio of 1.85:1 (BU's original DVD release was 1.33:1). The image is, naturally, littered with artefacts and uneven grain levels from scene-to-scene. The whole print is kind of washed-out, something Blue Underground has tried to counteract by pressing the contrast levels, leading to some blooming whites and harsh blacks. This crushes out some of the finer details, but also makes for a generally more dynamic image. Colours are limited, but the acrylic reds, greens, and blues pop nicely against the generally yellowed palette. More inconsistencies crop up later, due to composite nature of the film. Things like vibrancy and clarity change when worn-out archive footage of Carnival parades is inserted. Acouple of that scenes are tinted to appear monochromatically blue (the same footage is tinted much warmer in the trailer). The image quality improves the most during the tacked-on snuff sequence, which was shot four years after the Slaughter had been sitting on a shelf somewhere. This gives us an idea of how good things might have looked, had Blue Underground found an impeccable print of Slaughter somewhere to integrate with the Snuff coda. As is, they did the best anyone could.
Snuff is presented in DTS-HD Master Audio 1.0 mono. Like Grindhouse Releasing's recent An American Hippie in Israel[I] Blu-ray, the lossless track is appreciated, but it's mostly an unnecessary effort, considering the quality of the original mix. The tracks have been effectively cleaned of major distortion and I seriously doubt the material could ever sound any better than it does here. Because the majority of the cast were Argentines and couldn't speak their English lines without a thick accent, every line of the [I]Slaughter section of the film has been dubbed. The dubbing doesn't match the tonality of the effects at all, but, again, this is not Blue Underground's fault and they do their best to clear things up until they sound kind of consistent. The 'score' is credited to Rick Howard, but most of it was likely copyright-free library stuff. Like a Jesus Franco movie, the music babbles incessantly throughout almost every scene, rarely fitting the on-screen action, and sometimes even stopping briefly when the song runs out – only to be cycled through again, as if nothing ever happened. The music is a prominent element and is surprisingly crisp and warm at times.
The extras begin with a brief introduction from Drive and Only God Forgives director Nicolas Winding Refn (00:40, HD) and include:
- Shooting Snuff (10:30, HD) – An interview with Carter Stevens, who helped produce the additional footage. Stevens discusses the process of turning Slaughter into Snuff, including some behind-the-scenes photographs.
- Up to Snuff (7:30, HD) – An interview with Refn, who elaborates on his affection for the film. He also does a great job running down the production history.
- Porn Buster (5:00, SD) – An interview with retired FBI agent Bill Kelly, who worked on many obscenity investigations, including Deep Throat and Snuff.
- U.S. Trailer (3:00, HD)
- German Trailer (2:00, HD)
- Poster and still gallery
- Gallery of Snuff controversy news clippings
- Snuff: The Seventies and Beyond – a text-based essay by author Alexandra Heller-Nicholas.
Can you believe that it has been over a year since Blue Underground released a Blu-ray? Let's never be apart this long again. Snuff is not exactly a triumphant return to form for Bill Lustig's studio, but that's just because it isn't a very good movie. It is, however, an important footnote in grindhouse history and not as dull as you probably remember it being. This disc looks and sounds about as good as we could expect from the material and includes a small collection of special features (ideally, there'd be a feature-length documentary about the production).
* Note: The above images are taken from the Blu-ray and resized for the page. Full-resolution captures are available by clicking individual images, but due to .jpg compression they are not necessarily representative of the quality of the transfer.
Review by Gabriel Powers
toonloon Member Join Date: December 2005 Location: United Kingdom Posts: 241
Superb review.
Wilson Bros Reviewer Join Date: August 2004 Location: United Kingdom Posts: 1,183
Nice review, and it makes us want to watch one of the few from the DPP Video Banned List which has eluded us. Now that the materials are out there, how long will it be before someon issues a copy of it with a wipe-clean cover...
The Wilson Bros
The Wilson Bros
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Disc Details
Release Date: 22nd October 2013
Discs: 1
Disc Type: Blu-ray Disc
RCE: No
Video: 1080p
Aspect: 1.66:1
Anamorphic: No
Colour: Yes
Audio: DTS-HD Master Audio 1.0 English
Subtitles: English SDH
Extras: Shooting Snuff, Up to Snuff, Porn Buster, US Trailer, German Trailer, Poster & Still Gallery, Controversy Gallery, Text Essay, Reversible Cover Art
Easter Egg: No
Feature Details
Director: Michael and Roberta Findlay, Horacio Fredriksson, Simon Nuchtern
Cast: Margarita Amuchástegui, Ana Carro, Liliana Fernández Blanco, Roberta Findlay, Alfredo Iglesias, Enrique Larratelli
Genre: Crime, Horror and Thriller
Length: 80 minutes
5Review Guide
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Girls on the Run is a life-changing, character-development program for girls in the third, fourth and fifth grades. The program uses the power of running to teach girls about their personal power and the importance of being healthy and active. The Girls on the Run program combines training for a 3.1-mile (5K) running event with self-esteem enhancing exercises, uplifting workouts and community service. The program instills self-esteem and strong values through health education, life-skills development, mentoring relationships and physical training. These goals are accomplished through an active collaboration with girls and their parents, schools, volunteers, staff and the community.
Girls on the Run of Greater Kalamazoo
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There are more than 160 chapters of Girls on the Run in the United States and Canada. The Turn 2 Foundation has partnered to support both the Greater Kalamazoo Girls on the Run and Girls on the Run of Southern Tampa.
Girls on the Run utilizes a specifically designed and tested curriculum for third-through-fifth-grade girls to teach the following life lessons that enhance the physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual dimensions of each participant:
Girls on the Run of Greater Kalamazoo 2010-11 Highlights
On May 26, 2011, nearly 2,200 third-, fourth- and fifth-grade girls from Kalamazoo, their volunteer coaches and more than 1,000 community runners and walkers participated in the Greater Kalamazoo Girls on the Run New Balance Girls the Run 5K. The 5K, which began and ended at Waldo Stadium on the campus of Western Michigan University, was the culmination of 10 weeks of training and life lessons for these girls. The Kalamazoo Jeter's Leaders were also on site to help motivate the participants. They made motivational posters and cheered them on en route to the finish!
Girls on the Run of Southern Tampa Bay 2010-11 Highlights
Similarly, Girls on the Run of Southern Tampa Bay, administered by Frameworks of Tampa Bay, Inc., also trained to run a 5K at the end of their program year. On race day, the girls were excited to complete the goal they had been working toward all season! In 2011, the program included 116 girls from nine different sites who, through the positive development framework of the Girls on the Run program, were taught by their volunteer coaches how to build strong social and emotional skills and self-esteem, as well as help cultivate a life-long commitment to physical activity and healthy living.
Since its launch in 1996, the Turn 2 Foundation has awarded more than $23 million to create and support signature programs that motivate young people to turn away from drugs and alcohol and "Turn 2" healthy lifestyles. Learn more »
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The Project is an event created to share one of the Foundation's principles with communities. Learn more »

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INGLEWOOD, Calif. (January 17, 2010)—The third time proved to be the charm for Zenyatta as the brilliant mare was voted Horse of the Year for 2010. Owners Jerry and Ann Moss accepted the honor at the annual Eclipse Awards Monday night in Miami.
The runner-up in both 2008 and 2009, Zenyatta outpolled Breeders' Cup Classic winner Blame and three-time Breeders' Cup Mile winner Goldikova for the title. The 6-year-old Street Cry mare, who was based at Hollywood Park throughout her career, won 19 of 20 starts and earned more than $7.3 million, a record for a female thoroughbred.
The only three time winner of the Vanity Handicap, Zenyatta suffered her only defeat in her final start when she was beaten by a nose when attempting to defend her title in the Breeders' Cup Classic.
Trained by John Shirreffs and ridden for the vast majority of her career by Hall of Fame jockey Mike Smith, Zenyatta, who won eight times in all at Hollywood Park, also was selected older female for the third consecutive year.
Other winners had a Hollywood Park connection. Lookin At Lucky, who earned his biggest victory as a juvenile in the CashCall Futurity in December, 2009, was voted 3-year-old male.
Blind Luck, whose impressive 2010 campaign was preceded by a dominant victory in the Hollywood Starlet in her final race as a 2-year-old, was selected 3-year-old filly.
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Merger: Plante Moran and Blackman Kallick
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Wednesday, August 1, 2012
Effective July 1, 2012, the merger of Plante Moran and Blackman Kallick created Chicago's seventh largest accounting, tax and consulting firm. Its three local offices will serve more than 5000 companies, primarily middle-market Midwest firms in the manufacturing, real estate and construction sectors. Overall, the newly united company will employ more than 2000 people working in 22 Midwest-U.S. offices and three international offices.
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Posts Taggedipad mini
Fresh off the presses, here's Mac AppStorm's roundup of the very best app and Apple-related news and goings-on this week.
Happy reading!
As decent app news (apart from mundane updates) can sometimes be difficult to source some weeks, we've redesigned our weekly news roundup to give you both a flavour of app and Apple happenings throughout the week. We will try and keep all rumours to a minimal (unless they are highly relevant or pretty much confirmed), as there are plenty of other blogs out there on the Internet that cover Apple rumours in a bit more detail.
What we here at Mac AppStorm would like to focus on is high-quality, accurate and interesting news pieces from both the world of Mac apps and Apple as a company. So, without further ado, let's see what's been happening this week. Hope you enjoy it! (more…)


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Asianet Movies is one of the new 24-hour Malayalam Language Television channel. It is the first Malayalam satellite TV channel for movies. Watch Asianet Movies with High Quality at YuppTV
Asianet Movies is available in Australia, United Kingdom, Malaysia, Singapore, Japan, Europe, New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Middle East and UAE


text: Hey all, I'm a long-time lurker with a long-time Falcon project sitting on the bench. Much of my approach for my Falcon thus has involved machining and 3D printing of parts that I either can't find or can't afford to kit bash from; I do a ton of CAD work in my job, so it's a natural extension of what I do. I know there has been a ton of work amongst this forum's members identify and reconcile different versions of the Falcon - 5-foot, full-scale sets, 32" model, etc - and I think it would be cool to create a repository of CAD models that can be used to print parts as needed to recreate whatever Falcon you happen to be working on. Below are some examples of some of the parts I've started working on. I'll probably be posting theses bits to GrabCAD for others to download and print at some point. My goal is largely self serving, but I do plan to make my work freely available as open-source and if there are any CAD monkey's out there looking to collaborate, I'm happy to share the load. I have more background process info and high-res images on my site. Cheers, J.


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Will we ever run out of Michael Jordan revelations? I'd like to think that that day will never come, and the fact we have two in the last week alone is encouraging. First, we discovered 18-year-old Jordan's lusty, misspelled letter to his high school girlfriend Laquette, and today we take a look at his 1986 Johnson's Gentle-Treatment commercial, in which he sweeps away a female reporter during a post-game interview after noticing her "soft, smooth, silky" hair.
"Can I do a story on you," Jordan asks, turning the tables on the lady journo, "and your beautiful hair?" I would point out a few pertinent ethical questions regarding this exchange and the subsequent suggestive exit, but I have to go check out the Ebay situation for original bottles of late '80s Johnson Gentle-Treatment Relaxer, so please, carry on.
Via Black Sports Online.
Thanks for your continued support of Deadspin. Dickey will join you briefly.


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Skip to comments.Theologians Find Matthew Vines' 'Homosexuality Is Not a Sin' Thesis Not Persuasive
Posted on 09/30/2012 7:48:31 AM PDT by SeekAndFind
Editor's Note:
This is part two in a three-part series that will feature both sides of the debate on the Bible and homosexuality. The series launched with an interview with Matthew Vines.
This second story features responses from evangelical theologians. Ending the series will be guest contributions from Christians who have chosen not to engage in homosexuality and those who don't believe a gay lifestyle conflicts with the Bible.
"Being gay is not a sin" is the mantra that one young Harvard student is trying to promulgate. But while Matthew Vines has attracted a growing following with what some are describing as accessible, scholarly arguments, evangelical scholars don't believe he'll make much headway in the Christian community.
"His arguments are not new, and his predecessors failed to win the day within the Christian community," said Dr. Evan Lenow, assistant professor of Ethics at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary. "Therefore, I doubt he will have significant impact in the long term."
Vines, 22, grew up in a Christian home and takes his faith seriously. Thus, as a homosexual feeling conflicted with the church's teaching that homosexuality is a sin he decided to take a leave of absence from Harvard University two years ago in order to study Scripture and dozens of scholarly works on the subject.
The Wichita, Kan., resident went into his research questioning the "traditional" teaching as it has caused emotional devastation among gay persons in the church, according to Vines. Also motivating his study was a picture of a bleak future for him where he would "always be left out" and "always be alone" while his friends get married and have children.
Two years later, he ended up producing a dissertation that he believes "dismantles every Bible-based argument against homosexuality."
But the arguments he presents have been rehashed from the work of such scholars as Finnish Old Testament scholar Martti Nissinen, homosexual New Testament scholar Dale Martin (Yale), and homosexual church historian John Boswell, according to Dr. Robert Gagnon, associate professor of New Testament at the Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, who is considered the foremost expert on the Bible and homosexuality.
"Every one of these rehashed arguments I have refuted in previous work, of which Vines shows not the slightest awareness," said Gagnon, who studied the issue for 15 years after completing a masters of theological studies at Harvard Divinity and a Ph.D. in New Testament at Princeton Theological Seminary.
Nevertheless, Vines is challenging the "traditional interpretation" of Scripture, maintaining that Christians who hold this view are misreading the Bible.
His arguments can be viewed in an hour-long video where he breaks down six passages (seven if you include the Creation account) in Scripture that are commonly used to condemn homosexual behavior.
The Christian Post asked several evangelical theologians to respond to some of those arguments.
Genesis: God Created Them Male and Female
Vines argued (in his video) that while Christians cite the Genesis account of God creating a man and a woman to argue against same-sex unions, he said they miss an important point in the creation story.
"In Genesis 2:18, God says, 'It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper suitable for him,'" Vines stressed.
For Adam, that suitable partner was Eve, a woman. And for most men, a woman is the right partner. But for homosexuals, a "suitable" partner would be someone of the same-sex, Vines contended.
"But the necessary consequence of the traditional teaching on homosexuality is that, even though gay people have suitable partners, they must reject them, and they must live alone for their whole lives," he maintained. "By holding to the traditional interpretation, we are now contradicting the Bible's own teachings: the Bible teaches that it is not good for the man to be forced to be alone, and yet now, we are teaching that it is."
Rejecting the argument, Lenow told CP, "Mr. Vines is missing the point of the text. Prior to the creation of Eve, Adam was naming the animals. Part of the creation mandate in Genesis 1 is that the animals would reproduce after their kind. This is explicitly stated in Gen 1:22 regarding the sea creatures and birds and implied regarding the beasts of the earth in the language of 'after their kind' in Gen 1:24-25.
"Adam surely noticed that each of the animals had a 'partner' by which they could reproduce. Thus, part of the idea that it was not good for man to be alone was that he could not reproduce 'after his kind' without a suitable partner. Therefore, as part of the first marriage in Genesis 2, God intended for procreation to be a part of this union."
Lenow added: "We need to look at Adam not only as a historical figure but also as the representative of all mankind. Scripture itself views Adam in this way in Romans 5 as Paul speaks to sin entering the world through one man Adam. Therefore, in this context, we see Adam representing all of mankind. God's design for man is that he could enter into a complementary relationship with a woman, who is like him yet still different. At a very basic level, the complementary biological differences between man and woman make this clear. Thus, homosexual intercourse cannot be the union of a man and his suitable helper since the complementary biological differences do not exist.
"Related to this, if God viewed marriage as the means for mankind to reproduce after his kind, then homosexual marriage and intercourse violates God's command in Gen 1:28."
Sean McDonough, professor of New Testament at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, also offered his take.
"His (Vines') take on Genesis 1 is theologically incoherent. He seems to concede the goodness of God's creation of man and woman (which forms the basis for subsequent biblical teaching on marriage and sexuality), then claims that in the current state of things homosexual desire is natural, and therefore good, for homosexuals. But this spectacularly avoids the problem of the Fall in Genesis 3.
"One might equally argue that while peace was a desirable state for Adam and Eve in Eden, murderous envy was the 'natural' state of Cain, and thus he cannot be condemned for acting on his innate desires. He also suggests that the only possible way not to be alone in the world is to be in a sexual relationship. Why would this be so?"
Also denouncing Vines' argument that it is not good for man to be alone and that a "suitable" partner is needed, Gagnon of Pittsburgh Seminary stated:
"Such arguments [show] a complete disregard for context, which stresses that the missing sexual element in man is woman. A more accurate rendering of the Hebrew than NIV's 'helper suitable for him' is 'a helper as his counterpart (ezer kenegdo).' The Hebrew term kĕnegdô consists of kĕ meaning as, like; suffix ô meaning his; and neged connoting both corresponding to (i.e., similarity as humans) and opposite (i.e. difference as regards a distinct sex extracted from him). The text does not present the sex of the 'counterpart' or 'complement' as optional. Four times in three verses (2:21-23) the narrator emphasizes that something is 'taken from' the adam or undifferentiated human and formed into a woman ('side' may be a better translation than 'rib' of Hebrew tsela' since it means this in its 36 other uses in the Hebrew Bible). The principle of two sexes becoming one flesh is thus grounded in the picture of two sexes emerging from one flesh (2:24). What is required in the story line of Gen 2:21-24 is not merely a joining or merger of two persons but a rejoining of the two sexes into one.
"Orientation does not take precedence over formal (embodied, structural) prerequisites such as gender, monogamy, and age. If people are unhappy with God's conditional provision, they do not get to choose whatever option brings satisfaction to their sexual desires.
"Moreover, while it is 'not good' for humans to be alone, it is far worse for humans to engage in same-sex intercourse. The former is not a sin but an experience of deprivation. The latter is regarded by Scripture as a violation of a core value in sexual ethics. To engage in same-sex intercourse as a means to averting loneliness is to subvert a higher value in Scripture for the sake of lesser consideration."
Natural vs. Unnatural; Lust vs. Loving
Romans 1:26-27 is a New Testament passage where the Apostle Paul writes, "Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones. In the same way, the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed with lust for one another. Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due penalty for their error." (NIV)
Here, Vines defined "natural" differently from evangelical Christians, who view God's original design of male and female as natural.
"Gay people have a natural, permanent orientation toward those of the same sex; it's not something that they choose, and it's not something that they can change," he asserted.
"If the point of this passage is to rebuke those who have spurned their true nature, be it religious when it comes to idolatry or sexual, then just as those who are naturally heterosexual should not be with those of the same sex, so, too, those who have a natural orientation toward the same sex should not be with those of the opposite sex."
He added, "Paul's reference to same-sex behavior is intended to illustrate this larger sin of idolatry. But in order for this analogy to have any force, in order for it to make sense within this argument, the people he is describing must naturally begin with heterosexual relations and then abandon them."
Lenow's rebuttal:
"The crux of his argument is that Paul knows nothing of committed same-sex relationships. Therefore, the violation would have to be heterosexuals (by orientation) participating in homosexual behavior. The problem with this is multi-faceted. First, it assumes that Scripture is not fully inspired by God. Even if Paul knew nothing of sexual orientation, the Holy Spirit inspired the text. This would imply that God himself was not aware of the concept of sexual orientation and was incapable of framing the message in such a way that it would be clear.
"Second, the idea that homosexuals have a 'natural' inclination towards relationships with people of the same sex is in fact a rejection of what God has revealed about himself. Paul's condemnation of idolatry in verses 22-25 is based on the fact that the unrighteous 'exchanged the truth of God for a lie.' Part of the truth of God is what he has revealed about the creation.
"As told to us in Genesis 2-3 and evident in observing nature, God created two genders that complement one another in multiple ways, not the least of which is through biological differences making sexual intercourse procreative. To reject this natural sexual function of the body is to reject how God created mankind in Genesis 1-2. Thus, Mr. Vines is committing the same sin that he rests solely on the backs of those who worshiped false gods exchanging the truth of God for a lie.
"Finally, Mr. Vines assumes as scientific fact that which has not been proven. He assumes that sexual orientation is permanent and part of one's genetic make-up. However, there is no scientific study that proves Mr. Vines' position. All scientific studies attempted to prove this suffer from small sample sizes and preconceived agendas."
Dr. Richard J. Mouw, president of Fuller Seminary, also opposed Vines' argument.
"It is difficult to get around the clear implication here that 'natural relations' means a relationship between a man and a woman. It is quite a leap to suggest that Paul was not ruling out same-sex intimacy. The fact that he does not elaborate on this seems clearly to be due to the fact that he simply takes all same-sex intimacy to be violations of God's creating and redeeming will. It isn't just lustful homosexuality that counts as 'abandoning natural relations' but same-sex intimacy as such."
Gagnon, an ordained elder in the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), asserted that Vines errs in arguing that the Apostle Paul "has only lustful homosexual relationships in view since (allegedly) committed homosexual relationships were unknown in the ancient world."
"Vines errs in claiming that nothing akin to homosexual orientation was known in the ancient world. Greco-Roman theories (Platonic, Aristotelian, Hippocratic, and even astrological) existed that posited at least some congenital basis for some forms of homosexual attraction, particularly on the part of males desiring to be penetrated," the Pittsburgh professor noted.
"Simply put, many in the ancient world attributed one or more forms of homosexual practice to an interaction of nature and nurture. Moreover, many believed that homoerotic impulses could be very resistant to change. As classicist Thomas K. Hubbard notes, 'homosexuality in this era [viz., of the early imperial age of Rome] may have ceased to be merely another practice of personal pleasure and began to be viewed as an essential and central category of personal identity, exclusive of and antithetical to heterosexual orientation' (Homosexuality in Greece and Rome: A Sourcebook of Basic Documents [University of California Press, 2003], 386). Hubbard also points to a series of later texts from the second to fourth centuries that 'reflect the perception that sexual orientation is something fixed and incurable' (ibid., 446). It is important to remember that many of the same Greco-Roman moralists and physicians who held such views could still oppose the behaviors arising from homoerotic predispositions.
"Paul viewed sin as innate, generating impulses that people don't ask for and often wish they could get rid of. If some Greco-Roman moralists and physicians, operating within a culture that tolerated and at times endorsed at least some homosexual practice, could reject forms of homosexual practice committed by those with a biological predisposition, it is virtually impossible that Paul, operating out of a Jewish subculture, would have embraced homosexual unions entered into by homosexually oriented persons.
"There is nothing in the language of Rom 1:24-27 that limits Paul's indictment only to exploitative or promiscuous forms of homosexual relations. On the contrary, Paul clearly echoes Gen 1:26-27 in Rom 1:23, 26-27, picking up from Gen 1:26-27 eight terms in the same tripartite sequence (human, image, likeness; birds, four-footed animals, reptiles; male, female). Paul's indictment centers around what homosexual practice is not and can never be: a complementary sexual union between 'male and female.'"
Rejecting Vines' argument that Paul only condemns lustful behavior and heterosexuals engaging in homosexual acts, Gagnon further maintained that the expressions "exchanged" and "leaving behind" do not refer to a willful exchange of heterosexual desire for homosexual desire.
"Rather, they refer to a choice of gratifying innate homoerotic desires instead of complying with the evidence of male-female complementarity transparent in material creation or nature. This is clear from the preceding example involving idolatry, where Paul states that the Gentiles exchanged the truth about God and the glory of God transparent to human reason through observation of 'the things made' by God. Likewise, on the horizontal sphere, some humans suppressed the truth about male-female complementarity evident in anatomical and physiological structures of male and female and instead pursued gratification of innate urges to have intercourse with members of the same sex.
"Although Vines claims that Paul means by 'nature' merely social convention, an examination of the use of the word phusis in Paul suggests otherwise. 'Nature' in Paul corresponds to the essential material, inherent, biological, or organic constitution of things as created and set in motion by God (Gal 2:15; 4:8; Rom 2:14; 2:27; 11:21, 24). This includes even the reference to nature in 1 Cor 11:14-15 where the hair argument is similar to the Stoic argument for beards for men, based on natural endowment. Specifically, nature gives an indication that scalp hair is more indispensable for women than for men by making major hair loss there much rarer for women. (Vines incorrectly reads Paul as saying that nature allows men only short hair.)
"Obviously, the conclusion drawn from an observation of nature is more convincing in some cases than others, which is probably why the nature argument is only one of multiple arguments used in 1 Cor 11:2-16, whereas it is the argument, along with the echo to Gen 1:27, that Paul uses to reject homosexual practice in Rom 1:26-27."
Homosexuals Won't Inherit the Kingdom of God?
In 1 Corinthians 6:9-10, Paul lists those who will not inherit the kingdom of God.
Vines noted that the King James Version includes those who are "effeminate" but later translations have altered the word to "homosexuals" or "men who have sex with men."
"Effeminate" in the Greek is "malakos" which literally means "soft," he pointed out. In a sexual context, the word was used to describe general licentiousness and debauchery and men who took the passive role in sexual relations. But Vines argued that the term was also used in other contexts such as to label those who are weak-willed, cowardly or lazy.
"So many people were labeled this term for so many different things most of them not even sexual in nature, and most of the sexual ones about men in relationships with women ... The notion that Paul is singling out gay people here and saying that they will not inherit the kingdom of God simply doesn't hold up under scrutiny."
McDonough said Vines' argument is "fatally flawed."
"He (Vines) fails to recognize that Paul is using (or creating himself) a word drawn directly from the vocabulary in Leviticus 18," noted the Gordon-Conwell professor. "Thus not only does he fail to see that Paul is indeed forbidding all homosexual practice in the church, he is doing so precisely on the basis of the Law a Law which, contra Vines, was still looked upon a guide for Christian faith and practice in all sorts of ways."
Vines has argued that the "only place in Scripture where male same-sex relations are actually prohibited" is in Leviticus. The Old Testament law code, however, never applied to Christians, he asserted. "We are not subject to the Old Law" because of "Christ's fulfillment of the law," he said.
McDonough offered: "How can we tell which bits (of the Old Testament law) to obey and which bits are purely ritual? One way is to pay attention to places where New Testament writers explicitly uphold the law as here in 1 Corinthians 6."
Where's Jesus?
The Christian scholars called Vines out for not addressing Jesus' teachings.
"Another aspect of the biblical case for marriage that Mr. Vines does not address is the teaching of Jesus regarding marriage," Lenow observed.
"In Matthew 19:3-12, Jesus is confronted by the Pharisees about marriage. While their question addresses the issue of divorce, Jesus answers them with his interpretation of God's design for marriage one man and one woman for life," said Lenow.
"In verses 4-6, Jesus responds, 'Have you not read that He who created them from the beginning made them male and female, and said, 'For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh'? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate.' In this passage, Jesus affirms that God created male and female and that marriage is designed between one man and one woman ... Biblical marriage and biblical sexuality is heterosexual in nature according to Jesus himself."
McDonough also highlighted Jesus' teaching.
"While Vines doesn't make much of Jesus' own ethical teaching here, it is worth pointing out Jesus' severe denunciation of sexual immorality in the Sermon on the Mount," said McDonough. "It is historically unthinkable to imagine a Jesus who, as a Scripture-following Jew, would simultaneously intensify the Law's teaching on heterosexual immorality, and yet toss aside the Law's clear teaching on homosexual immorality."
Gagnon, meanwhile, cited Mark 10:2-9 (parallel in Matthew 19: 3-9) where Jesus "clearly extrapolated a limit on the number of persons in a sexual union to two from the twoness of the sexes given by God in creation for complementary sexual pairing: 'male and female [God] made them' (Gen 1:27) and 'For this reason a man will be joined to his woman and the two will become one flesh (Gen 2:24)."
"If Jesus regarded a male-female prerequisite as foundational for formulating other principles in sexual ethics (like prohibitions of polygamy and a revolving door of divorce and remarriage), he obviously was strongly opposed to a behavior that directly called into question that very prerequisite (homosexual practice)," the Pittsburgh Seminary professor contended.
"Why, then, didn't Jesus speak against homosexual practice explicitly? Quite simply, no one in the Judaism of his day was even advocating for homosexual practice, let alone engaging in it. For the same reason Jesus said nothing against incest. It is a historical no-brainer that he didn't need to because Jews already regarded this as a severe offense. Jesus set out to close the few remaining loopholes in the Law of Moses regarding sexual ethics. There never was a loophole for homosexual practice in the Scriptures.
"Every text in Scripture from Genesis to Revelation treating sexual matters whether narrative, law, proverb, poetry, moral exhortation, or metaphor presupposes a male-female prerequisite for all sexual activity. This is hardly a minor position within Scripture. It is, as Jesus noted, a position foundational for all matters of sexual ethics."
Denying Homosexuals Happiness?
To sum up his thesis, Vines stated that the Bible "never directly addresses, and it certainly does not condemn, loving, committed same-sex relationships."
Yet the "traditional" teaching denies a "small minority of people ... a lifetime of love and commitment and family" which in turn inflicts "on them a devastating level of hurt and anguish," the young student said in his appeal to Christians.
"There is nothing in the Bible that indicates that Christians are called to perpetuate that kind of pain in other people's lives rather than work to alleviate it, especially when the problem is so easy to fix. All it takes is acceptance."
Lenow responded:
"When Mr. Vines speaks of inflicting devastating pain and anguish on homosexuals by denying them the opportunity to marry, he is attempting to quantify pain and pleasure and determine if one outweighs the other. However, such attempts at moral calculus are inconsistent at best. Instead, we should evaluate whether or not homosexual relationships accomplish the goods of marriage according to Scripture.
"Since marriage is not commanded, proponents of same-sex marriage are actually attempting to accomplish a good at the expense of biblical sexuality. Therefore, the evil inflicted by active participation in sin actually undermines any good that could be accomplished in a loving, committed relationship. Mr. Vines, then, has transferred the blame for sin from those in violation of God's command to those who are attempting to uphold the clear teaching of Scripture."
Mouw acknowledged the need to have "real empathy" for those who struggle with same-sex attraction.
But he added, "It is a false choice to say that either we bless same-sex relationships or condemn a person like Vines 'to be alone the rest of his life.' There are many ways to remain celibate and still experience genuine community, including mutually nurturing friendships and shared commitments to serving the Kingdom."
Redefining Sin
So far, Vines' YouTube video has attracted nearly 400,000 views and the praises of the LGBT community.
Freelance writer Douglas Quenqua recently called Vines "a voice for gay Christians" who is making an impact, in The New York Times. Quenqua quoted James Gooch, a 21-year-old gay Christian, as saying, "I found my faith all over again in that video."
Though Vines' arguments may be nothing new, Lenow believes part of the attraction has to do with Vines' presentation.
"Most proponents of homosexuality have not been making biblical arguments in recent years. Now there is a young man making a plea from Scripture in support of homosexuality," he observed. "Many people still enjoy hearing a reasoned argument, and that is what Mr. Vines is attempting to do."
But for McDonough, Vines' main appeal is emotional, "with a thin dusting of logic on top."
"Vines presents himself as a sensitive, rational soul simply trying to figure out what the Bible really says. But underneath the veneer there is a pretty manipulative premise: if you disagree with me, you are by definition cruel and oppressive," McDonough commented. "Who wants to be cruel and oppressive?"
The evangelical scholars agreed that Vines may be able to sway some believers.
"We are living in a time when many younger folks are looking for alternatives to traditional Christian views about sexuality," said Mouw of Fuller. "Unless we do a much better job of ministering to people with their very real dilemmas, arguments like those set forth by Vines will arise, even though they are highly speculative as interpretations of biblical teaching."
But ultimately, the question is whether Vines has interpreted Scripture correctly, the scholars emphasized.
"I see no good reason to accept his interpretations," said Mouw.
Lenow, meanwhile, believes those who hold a high view of the inspiration and authority of Scripture will not likely be swayed. "Mr. Vines is justifying sinful behavior and encouraging others to do the same. As Christians, we should call one another to holiness rather than to sin."
McDonough stressed the need to "show love for all" and to acknowledge that "we are all sinners saved by God's grace." But, he added, "giving up on the Scripture and redefining sin so that people can follow their own desires is no way to love them."
It's only been in the last four to five decades that people in the church have attempted to condone homosexuality from a biblical standpoint, according to Lenow.
If one were to follow Vines' logic, that calling homosexuality a sin marginalizes homosexuals, then the church would have to approve of all things that the Bible calls sin "lest we marginalize any segment of society," Lenow noted.
"This would, in effect, eliminate sin from Scripture and eliminate our need for a Savior. By doing so, we would eliminate the church and Christianity."
This response was necessitated because of an interview with MATTHEW VINES.
You can read it here:
Matthew Vines is a 22-year-old gay Christian who believes being gay is not a sin. He came to that conclusion after two years of studying Scripture and the works of dozens of biblical scholars. The Harvard University student, currently on leave of absence, is now trying to win over fellow believers not just with an emotional testimony but with what he is presenting as biblically solid arguments.
"There is no contradiction between being Christian and being gay," he told BBC.
His arguments mainly against six Bible passages that are commonly used by Christians to condemn homosexuality are gaining popularity as evidenced by his YouTube views. In six months, an over hour-long video of Vines meticulously challenging what he calls the traditional interpretation of Scripture has garnered nearly 400,000 views.
In an interview with The Christian Post, Vines made it clear that he believes that Christians who believe homosexuality is a sin are wrong. "Loving, same-sex relationships" are not addressed in the Bible, let alone condemned.
It is the homosexual act that is the sin. Simply being attracted to someone of the same sex or opposing sex is not a sin, but acting on that is the problem.
We are all tempted by many things. "Temptation" is not a sin. Don't let it go further.
I did not agree with Gore Vidal on many things, but he was clear on the point you made. He said no one is homosexual. And no one is heterosexual. There are simply activities. Some acts are homosexual. Some acts are heterosexual. That's it. He engaged in homosexual acts, but thought it was silly to classify himself as a homosexual.
What this does is highlight the fallacy of "I was born this way". It shows that homosexuality is a lifestyle. It's a choice. It can be fought against, and people can be normal if they choose to be normal. Recognizing the sinfulness of the acts is a good start, but some refuse to do so.
It turns on a definitional question about the term "gay".
If "gay" is understood as meaning the subjective state of a man being sexually attracted only to other men, but not to women, then indeed being "gay" is not a sin, rather it is a besetting temptation.
If "gay" is understood as meaning engaging in homoerotic acts, then "being gay" is a sequence of sins (though in that case I find the use of the verb to be in this context dubious, since engaging in sodomy is not an ontological matter, but a behavioral one.)
IMHO homosexuality is a sexual perversion, with or without regard to biblical priciples.
Homosexual behavior is not God's way.
But then again, if every murderer voted Democrat the Left would find a way to decriminalize homicide.
That's what they're after. Demoralization of mankind.
Indeed! My thoughts exactly. Unfortunately, this is the world we live in now. Apparently, wisdom is only found in the young, "open minds" of today's youth.
Homosexuality is not a sin. Heterosexuality is not a sin. Homosexual actions and desires for adultery are a sin.
I assume murderers feel "emotional devastation" knowing their actions are sins, too, but at least no one listens to their special pleadings. I want to hear this argument from someone who despises homosexuality for once.
"Loving same-sex relationships," okay. Sexing same-sex relationships, I don't think so.
I wonder if this guy is a Christian at all. Growing up in a Christian household doesn't make one Christian. Clearly this guy is troubled. He's trying to make his sinful life right with God instead of being humble repenting of his sin and praying to God for help to no longer sin.
We don't need to go that far. I wouldn't say a heterodexual's attractions and fantasied are one hundred percent heterosexual, but there is a strong connection between desire and action. Show me a man who has sex only with women and I'll probably see someone who thinks mostly about having sec with only women.
If I ate an apple every morning of my lif there would be nothing wrong or dehumanizing about calling me an apple eater. Likewise, serial homologue or heterosexers can be called with accuracy homosexuals and heterosexuals. Nothing about doing so implies that they aren't as complex or inscrutable as any human who ever lived.
Which is not to say everyone's "born that way." Men in prison prove otherwise, if nothing else.
Well said.
Sorry, that post was filled with a egregious amount of bad autocorrects.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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They are men of different backgrounds — one is a Mountie, the other a geoscientist — and both live in two very different places.
Mike Ryan and his family have been out west for years now, after getting transferred to Calgary with the RCMP. But Rod Churchill is still down on Bauline Line, and you probably wouldn't blast him out of there.
Churchill has been a board member on the St. John's Minor Hockey Association since 2003, so he's known Ryan at least that long.
Probably longer, for Mike's only son, Andrew, played in the Caps' system.
But the connection runs much deeper than that, one that's rooted so far into the soul most of us cannot understand.
It's a club, really, suggests Rod Churchill with a halfhearted smile. But a club in which no one hopes or wants to be a member.
In late summer 2003, cancer took Andrew Ryan. He was 12, and a Caps' peewee B all-star player.
Matthew Churchill was a bit older, but he also played in St. John's minor. He was a house league player who probably typified what minor hockey's all about — wanting to win, sure, but more about having a bit of fun and hanging out with the boys.
On March 28, nearly two years and seven months to the day that Andrew Ryan died, Matthew Churchill was heinously knocked down and killed in a hit-and-run incident.
He was 15.
In the years since, the Andrew Ryan Memorial peewee tournament has become a popular year-end event on the Caps' minor hockey association's calendar, and Rod Churchill, now the association's vice-president, sets up camp at Twin Rinks for the three days of the tournament each spring.
This year, the Ryan tournament generated $34,000, which goes to the Children's Wish Foundation.
It's the 10th and, sadly, final tournament, however. Nearly $150,000 has been donated to Children's Wish during that time.
It's not that the event has lost its lustre, or the fact the Ryan family now lives in Alberta. It's just that tournament organizers have been around since Day 1, and a few of them would like to move on, understandably so.
"I'm sure we could find other people to help run it," Rod Churchill says over a coffee at Starbucks. "But there was a level of trust from Day 1, with guys like Jack Casey and Tim Power and Ray Rossiter, the original group.
"The (Ryan) family doesn't just want to just pass this off to someone else because the last thing they want is bad news or something coming out of the tournament. They didn't feel comfortable handing it off."
Rod had every intention of sticking around, and will continue to be around as a Caps' executive member and coach in the midget ranks.
It's the midget age group, the 15- and 16-year-olds, that Churchill likes mentoring. They're still kids, of course, but old enough you can carry on with them, he says.
"After the first two weekends, I'll know all 130 midget kids by their first name, and I pride myself on doing that," he says.
"When a kid walks in and sees you for the second time in his life and you call him by name, well, that makes an impression."
It was a hockey game — the midget A provincials in Mount Pearl — that Rod was returning from when he came upon an accident scene not far from his house. Little did he know it was his only son who was involved.
That was just over eight years ago.
Two weeks following Matthew's death, Rod was back at the rink. Hockey is, and has been, his therapy.
"I always say to my wife, 'I feel closer to Matthew when I'm at the rink.' I guess what it was he was so happy playing hockey. He'd make friends with the devil himself. It didn't matter which team he was on, if his buddies were with him or not … by the end of the year they were all best buddies."
For years, Matthew Churchill's jersey hung from the ceiling at Twin Rinks. The rink has undergone renovations and a couple of jerseys that were once prominent are no longer there.
"With the new ceiling," Rod says, "I'm not sure if they can hang anything up.
"But when it was there, I looked up at it every time. It hung over the home bench.
"I have a little folder that I carry lineup sheets and stuff in. To this day I have an 8x10 of Matthew in his hockey jersey in the folder."
One of Andrew Ryan's fears, believe it or not, was not of dying, but rather of being forgotten. It's one of the reasons why the minor hockey tournament was started.
Now that it's done, Andrew's memory will remain alive in the form of an annual scholarship which will be awarded each year.
The memory of Matthew Churchill is alive, too. Each year, St. John's Minor gives to one player on each midget team — six to eight teams — the Matthew Churchill Player Award for the player who displays the same characteristics as Matthew: a love of the game and being at the rink, of camaraderie in the dressing room.
The Ryan and Churchill families will never get over their losses, but they've learned to move on, easy as that may be to say.
A couple of years ago, Casey, the association's president, mentioned at a meeting there were a few kids joining hockey who needed gear.
"I thought that was a sin," Rod recalls. "So I went home and talked it over with my wife. See, with Desma, she has to do whatever it is she needs to do to deal with what happened.
"She thought it was a great idea. But we did keep his skates and his sticks. His helmet and everything else went to kids who otherwise wouldn't have had a good helmet. That was nice."
Up until last year, Matthew's bedroom remained untouched. His stuff was still hung up, the die-cast cars on the dresser, the guitar in the corner.
It wasn't until Rod's sister happened to mention she needed a new bed for her daughter that the room changed when the little girl was all over the idea of getting Matthew's bed.
"Some people say you have to sanitize things. You don't sanitize. These are memories. Fellas who tell you this, these are guys who never lost a child. God willing, they never will.
"The one thing we learned early on is you do what you need to do to get you through the day. And that's pretty well what we did.
"We don't mind parting with stuff, but we don't take it and shove it into a Value Village or some place, getting rid of it for the want of getting rid of it."
Mother's Day is tomorrow and there's no other way to say it other than it's not going to be an easy day for Desma Churchill.
She's been to hell and back, Rod says. And it's the little things that sometimes hit like a smack in the face — last day of school, first day of school. Could be SportChek. Could be anything. Could be meatballs and gravy.
"It's probably not fit to eat, but Matthew loved it," Rod says. "We haven't bought a tin in eight years."
Hockey's over for another year, but Rod Churchill will be back at the rink next season, no doubt with the midget-aged kids again.
Probably can't wait, truth be told.
But he'll miss the Andrew Ryan tournament, though you can be sure he'll be involved with setting up the scholarship.
"Myself and Mike, we have a connection. I found the Andrew Ryan tournament was twofold — supporting Mike, because he'd come down here very year, which I'm sure opened wounds. But he saw the bigger benefit from it. I sort of saw the same thing.
"The other is the ideals we were trying to set. We weren't stressing winning, but being good corporate citizens, fair play, respect.
"It was a bit of therapy for me because I knew there was something good coming out of it at the end of the day."
For these two men, the days were long and dark, but maybe now they've shortened and the sun shines sometimes.
And in some small, perhaps even insignificant way, hockey's helped.
It may have even helped in the patching up, in some small way, of broken hearts.
Robin Short is The Telegram's Sports Editor. He can be reached by email firstname.lastname@example.com.


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FOXBOROUGH, Mass. – The New England Revolution has signed Braintree, Mass., product Scott Caldwell as a Homegrown player.
The two-time All-American has played the last four seasons at collegiate powerhouse Akron while training with the Revolution's first team each summer. He is the team's second Homegrown player, joining Diego Fagundez, who was the team's first-ever Homegrown signing in 2010.
"We're very pleased to add Scott to our roster as our second Homegrown player signing," General Manager Michael Burns said. "He's had a very successful college career at Akron and he's played very well when we have had him in with our first team during his college breaks. We look forward to integrating him with the first team on a permanent basis when the team reconvenes in a month for the 2013 preseason."
"I am excited to play for the team I grew up watching. Having grown up watching Mike Burns and Jay Heaps, it will be cool to work under and play for them," Caldwell said. "I know it will be a lot of hard work, but I hope to contribute to the team. It was always my goal to play for the Revolution and I am so happy it is finally happening."
Caldwell is a former member of the Under-18, Under-17, Under-15 and Under-14 national teams, and played with the U.S. Under-17 Residency Program in Bradenton, Fla., for the 2006-07 and 2007-08 academic years. He represented the U.S. as a member of the U18 team at the Australian Youth Olympic Festival in January 2009.
Caldwell is a two-time NSCAA All-American and was the Mid-America Conference player of the year this season. He was a Hermann Trophy semifinalist and a finalist for the Senior CLASS Award. In 88 career games with the Zips, Caldwell started 66 games and scored 20 goals while adding 22 assists.
A two-time captain, he capped his collegiate career in 2012 by starting all 22 of Akron's games and scoring a career-high nine goals and recording a team-best 10 assists.
Caldwell, then a sophomore, helped lead Akron to the NCAA Championship in 2010, where he was voted the Most Outstanding Player at the College Cup. As a junior, he scored six goals and had a team-high 11 assists.
Caldwell played one season with the Revolution Academy Under-18 team upon its launch in 2008-09. He captained the Revs' Under-18 squad in its inaugural campaign and appeared in six U18 games while rehabbing injuries before entering Akron.
For up-to-the-minute information on the Revolution, visit the team's official web site at revolutionsoccer.net, or follow the team on Twitter at @NERevolution, or on Facebook at facebook.com/NERevolution. For more information about the popular four- and six-game Holiday Packs – or any other 2013 ticketing option, including season tickets – visit revolutionsoccer.net/tickets.
Transaction: New England Revolution (MLS) – Signed M Scott Caldwell


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Williams surpasses 1,000 career points as Norfolk State blows out Maryland Eastern Shore 85-63
NORFOLK, Va. – Pendarvis Williams had 17 points and became the 30th Norfolk State player to surpass 1,000 career points in the Spartans' 85-63 rout of Maryland Eastern Shore on Monday night.
Malcolm Hawkins added 16 points and Brandon Goode's double-double, 12 points and a game-high 11 boards, helped Norfolk State (16-10, 11-0 Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference) outrebound Maryland-Eastern Shore 42-33.
The Spartans have won 10 straight games and swept the Hawks for the season.
Trailing 48-39 early in the second half, Maryland-Eastern Shore (1-19, 1-8) was outscored 16-5 and fell behind by 20, 64-44 with 10 minutes remaining.
Norfolk State led by as many as 25 points as the Hawks trailed the entire second half.
The Spartans led at halftime 46-35.
Kevin Mays had game-highs of 20 points and five steals to lead Maryland-Eastern Shore, which has now lost six straight games.


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The Los Alamos Public School Board of Directors considered a new bus loop proposal Thursday evening after several other proposals had been rejected throughout the last year – but the proposal, which will be voted on at the July school board meeting, may come too late as there's little time to undertake the project before the start on the new school year Aug. 13.
Superintendent Gene Schmidt said it's the third such attempt to reach a happy medium.
In May, the board rejected what was thought to be a final plan stating there were too many uncertainties with the proposal. The board also rejected a bus loop proposal last year.
"We asked them to bring us a rock, they brought us a rock, but it wasn't the right rock," Board President Kevin Honnell said.
The latest plan includes building an L-Shaped loop through the Duane Smith parking lot and separate areas from parking. But the board wants to make sure parents aren't dropping their children off at the same time that the buses are.
"Parents are the safety problem," bus loop committee member and former board member Jody Benson said.
Board member Melanie McKinley said the current system allows for students, cars and buses to all cross into each other's paths.
The board is proposing parents drop off their children in the parking lot at Sullivan Field when busses are loading and unloading, which would require "re-training" parents.
Board members said they may have to deal with parental pushback, though.
At other times during the school day, parents would be able to get closer to the school to drop off their children.
None of the striping in the Sullivan parking lot would be adjusted and no designated path created.
Benson urged board members to act quickly on the matter because of the limited timeframe before the start of the new school year.
Schmidt said he'd like to see the project completed by the beginning of the school year, but that it can also be divided into two projects.
Benson agreed with Schmidt saying she'd like to see at least something done before the beginning of the school year if the entire project can't be completed in time.
"This is the safest because the kids are already used to it," Benson said. "It's the most practical and cost effective, and we really – if it's going to happen – for the board to have a special session and take a vote on it – like tomorrow."
The Board will vote on the proposal at its July 12 meeting.
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Race: Men
Faction: Charlescomm
Class: Archon
Level: 3+
Special: Flight
Race: Uncroaked (Men)
Faction: Gobwin Knob
Special: Flight
Proposed Canon
"Would you like to call a friend?"
Strengths: Bends Charlie's Rules, Puts the Client Before Herself
Weaknesses: See Above
First Appearance: TBFGK 42
Jaclyn was one of Charlie's Archons.
Jaclyn's Abilities
- Archon Abilities
Jillian was released from Gobwin Knob as part of Parson Gotti's first plan: the intent was for Prince Ansom to charge to her rescue and into the range of a massive dwagon assault. Instead, on the advice of Vinny Doombats, Ansom sent for some of his most trusted Units, as well as some mercenaries -- Charlescomm's Archons -- to escort Jillian back to the main force of the Royal Crown Coalition. Jaclyn was one of the three Archons selected for this task.
When Ansom found himself trapped inside a circle of dwagons the next Turn, Jillian was ordered to take the fastest fliers and the Archons with her to try to find dwagons that had been wounded earlier in the Turn. Jillian did not expect to find them, but stumbled onto them anyway. The Archons then found she was not confident in what her next act should be, but were aware of the Suggestion Spell that Wanda was using to influence her to leave the dwagons alone. Eventually, Jaclyn and her friends convinced Jillian to speak via Thinkagram to Ansom, and this bolstered her to action -- Jillian assaulted the dwagons with everything in her command. The Archons opened with offensive spellcasting, eliminating three dwagons straight away, and ultimately survived the battle with Ansom's assistance.
Two Turns later, the three Archons, again under Jillian's command, found themselves flying to intercept Stanley the Worm as he fled for Faq, but they first diverted to Gobwin Knob in an attempt to "rescue" Wanda Firebaugh. Wanda had no desire to be removed from Gobwin Knob and indicated this by firing the air defenses of Gobwin Knob at Jillian's forces. In this action, Jaclyn croaked.
Later that Turn, Wanda uncroaked Jaclyn TBFGK_98:13. During the defense of the city of Gobwin Knob, Jaclyn assaulted Prince Ansom as he attempted to open a hole in the defenses for the RCC to attack through. Ansom fell, but signed a new contract with Charlescomm. Jaclyn was destroyed for a second, and final time, by the magics of Charlescomm's Archons. TBFGK_121:6
Charlie suggested that he considered Jaclyn a valuable unit when he later blogged to Parson. TBFGK_100:8
Real World References
Charlie's Archons are a reference to a television series Charlie's Angels featuring 3 young women working as private investigators for their boss, Charlie, whose face is never seen on screen. Jaclyn is possibly a homage to actress Jaclyn Smith who played the role of Kelly Garrett, one of Charlie's Angels.


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If nothing else, the Ravens' jubilant homecoming proved Joe Flacco doesn't fold under pressure.
Not after a week of criticism. Not after losing his star running back. Not in the face of an all-out blitz in the fourth quarter.
Throwing three touchdowns to wide receiver Anquan Boldin, the strong-willed quarterback lifted the Ravens to a 24-17 comeback victory over the winless Cleveland Browns at M&T Bank Stadium and lived up to the sellout crowd's high expectations of him.
Last week, Flacco shouldered most of the blame after throwing a career-worst...


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See you in another 50 - what will we have accomplished by then?!?! more >
Harwood News
As an extension of the core philosophy of the school, the Harwood Art Center offers adults and youths throughout the community an opportunity for self-enrichment through creative exploration and expression.
Harwood produces a quarterly newsletter which features art center events and classes. Stop by and visit our galleries and pick up a program or call us at 242-6367 to be placed on our mailing list and we'll send you the newsletter. You can also view our program online at http://www.harwoodartcenter.org.
The Harwood Art Center
The Harwood Art Center of Escuela del Sol Montessori is Albuquerque's only full-spectrum community art center and the city's largest multi-media art space. From 1925 - 1976 the building housed the Harwood Girls School, a Methodist boarding school for girls. Now this registered historic site is a thriving community of artists, and a gathering place that brings the public and the arts community together.
The Harwood Art Center is owned and operated by Escuela del Sol Montessori, and offers a vast array of arts programs to the community including theater and dance performances, concerts, film screenings, exhibitions, extensive classes for all ages in both visual and performing arts, and a summer arts camp for children.
The building's old dormitory rooms and classrooms have been converted to lively studios for artists working in painting, sculpture, photography, jewelry, fiber art, graphic design, book making and more.
The old dining hall is regularly transformed into a performance space for concerts and performance events. The building also houses 2 formal art galleries and 2 community art galleries, a dance studio, and a darkroom.
The Harwood galleries are open Monday through Friday from 10 am to 4 pm.
For more information about the Harwood and all it offers, click here.
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