text:
|View Poll Results: Code Geass Episode 11 Rating
|Perfect 10
|9 out of 10 : Excellent
|8 out of 10 : Very Good
|7 out of 10 : Good
|6 out of 10 : Average
|5 out of 10 : Below Average
|4 out of 10 : Poor
|3 out of 10 : Bad
|2 out of 10 : Very Bad
|1 out of 10 : Painful
|Voters: 134. You may not vote on this poll
|Thread Tools
|2006-12-22, 11:03
|Link #81
Join Date: Nov 2003
--C2 really needs to use encryption when she opens up a telepathic connection...
--Suzaku is terrified of his father probably because his dad was the premier of Japan and now he's working for the enemy
--Lelouch saw Suzaku at the other end of the telepathic link. Will he remember that? More importantly was Suzaku in a right enough condition to be able to recall the same?
--The preview implies that the priestess with the same forehead mark as C2 is affiliated with Kyoto.
|2006-12-22, 11:06
|Link #82
Senior Member
Join Date: Aug 2004
I wouldn't discount Jeremiah's ability in comparison to Karen just because he had a Sutherland under him. The man bumped Karen's projectile in midair while he himself was in free-fall. I doubt the speed and power of the projectiles are greatly different between the Glasgow and the Sutherland, so it would be an issue of skill.
Regarding Kewell, they could've at least put in a few yen and make it seem like he tried to evade, now he was just slaughtered. Finally, Lancelot got to properly shine here since you can't have a good match without two nearly equal combatants. All in all, it's on a good note that Code Geass ends the year.
Jeremiah's appearance inspired me, and I daresay I can envisage Code Geass's endgame already. By the beginning of the third to last episode Schnaizer's coup d'état ends in a cross counter between him and the Emperor. The Emperor staggers, but stands tall. At the end of the episode Lelouch enters the Emperor's presence and they agree to decide the fate of Britannia by having an arm wrestling match. The entirety of the second to last episode is devoted to a training montage for Lelouch, with appropriate shots to his women having hopeful and or fearful expressions. The final episode will be twofold. First, Lelouch and the Emperor have an epic arm wrestling contest with twists and turns, plenty of reaction shots and commentary from affiliated bystanders. The second part will be the followers duking it out in a three-way melee between Lancelot, the Crimson Lotus and Jeremiah the Shell Bullet.
|2006-12-22, 12:40
|Link #83
The Dark Knight
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: From the deepest abyss in the world, where you think?
Age: 32
As it was already stated, Suzuka was top of the class in the Knightmare simulation and the fact that he can achieve such a high sync rate with Lancelot proves that he is really one of the best pilots there are as the best are those who can unlock those potential.
If Karen was at the academy no doubt she would produce similar results. Lelouch picked her to be the pilot mainly because she is an ace pilot and can bring out its fullest potential.
Jeremiah and Cornelia demonstrated similar lighting fast moves in combat against Karen as well but failed because they were either surprised or ambushed.
My point? Their all good damn pilots. Karen seems more of a berserker though, given the way she fights with the Guren and her screaming.
Sad though that 3 members of the student council were fighting in the same battle. Even worst that two of them are best friends. Even ironic that the best imperial pilot is a Japanese while the best Black Knight pilot is a Britannian (Also half japanese but still).
|2006-12-22, 14:57
|Link #84
Not dead. Yet.
Graphic Designer
Join Date: Mar 2004
Location: UK
I thought Suzaku whispering 'Yuffie' to Euphemia was quite sweet. I don't like the guy at all but perhaps now he's been 'meddled with' by C.C he'll change and perhaps turn into the death-bringer hinted at in the new OP? Would be funny if he ends up being a greater threat to peace that Zero...
Minor observation; but I noticed the Lancelot's power plant starts off as a chrome Rubick's cube before it turns pink when under stress. Perhaps this is a property of Sakuradite?
Does anyone know the name of Toudou's female lieutenant; the hawt one with the short hair?
|2006-12-22, 15:02
|Link #85
=Just me=
Join Date: Dec 2006
Location: Fiore/Netherlands
Age: 27
Well, just viewed the RAW and it was pretty interesting. To think Kewell was slaughtered like that and Viletta getting all panicked 3 times. It looked like Cornelia was about to do selfsuicide by ramming her towards Kallen's knightmare, but Lancelot arrived just on time and the battle started. Man, it was a pretty good one actually. I think Kallen en Susaku are on equal level, but I need to keep in mind Kallen is strong due to that radiation wave and Lancelot has probably even more functions we aren't aware of. Also, maybe you guys have noticed the fear in Lelouch's eyes when Susaku was about to kill him, but then C.C. came in and gave Susaku a shocking experience.
Also, anyone knows what happened to Darlton? I saw him fight, but after it Gilford en Cornelia were back at their base but I didn't saw Darlton
|2006-12-22, 16:34
|Link #90
Exitus Acta Probat
Graphic Designer
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: Permanent retirement from raws-hunting
Age: 32
Granted, Lelouch had enough time to think about the whole underground water vein and collect those drills but I'm not sure he had the means to pull off a perfect, rotating deathtrap on the premises to ward off any unwanted attempts at interfering with the proceedings. He didn't have leisure to prepare the surroundings with traps and ambush points either, since he only got there when Britannia launched the onslaught. For all we know, he might have wanted it to be a blitz operation - shake the chessboard instead of playing cool and whatnot. He probably didn't have much time on his hands and wanted Cornelia as a guarantee for his retreat and safety later on. Suzaku just shanghaied her back to safety, leaving Lelouch unprotected. Nobody's free from Murphy's Law.
|2006-12-22, 16:39
|Link #92
~ You're dead ^__^* ~
Graphic Designer
but what i found funny was why did his guards all go to kallen and left him to fend for himself against the god mode suzaku O.o i know they have faith in their leader but cmon they shouldnt have expected him to turn out all right without some backup
|2006-12-22, 18:31
|Link #93
Senior Member
hmmm Lulu need to buy CC a new dress now.
The chest area got torned.
lol may be he will just fix it for her consider he makes that Zero's suit himself.
In any case, why is she still wearing that white suit thing anyway, it is used by Britania for a prisoner... Lulu can just easier get her a new one!
|2006-12-22, 20:13
|Link #95
The Dark Knight
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: From the deepest abyss in the world, where you think?
Age: 32
|2006-12-22, 20:40
|Link #96
Imma die for the next 2 weeks for code geass XD
I'm glad that the fight between Suzaku and Kallen shows everyone that neither machines are almighty.
Now I have 2 things I support: Lulu x C.C ; Lulu x Kallen
|2006-12-22, 20:48
|Link #97
The Dark Knight
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: From the deepest abyss in the world, where you think?
Age: 32
|2006-12-22, 22:03
|Link #98
The Last Frontier
Join Date: Apr 2004
|2006-12-23, 01:18
|Link #99
Senior Member
Join Date: Dec 2006
Geez, its almost preordained or foreshadowed that Lelouch will eventually go downhill in the future. Especially with Ougi, Tamaki, and Kalled discussing doubts about Zero. Man I hope not though. I hope Zero continues to be a good stategist with loyal followers.
If only Lelouch made backup plans, or atleast one to take care of Lancelot.
I also absolutely love what C.C. did to Suzaku. Too bad it was unintentional, even better it brought C.C. and Lelouch closer!
I didn't read the other posts yet but did anyone else enjoy the end of episode 11 where Lelouch has his moment with C.C. while Kallen looks upset, maybe even jealous. Because she was so worried about Zero and so happy to see him alive. She was awkward when she found him with C.C.
Last edited by Wolfpack; 2006-12-23 at 01:30.
|2006-12-23, 01:31
|Link #100
You know, after watching the episode and the reviews of Omni and Garten, I have one question that really got me confuse:
Why is Ougi and Karen complaining that Zero use their people as pawns? I mean, Lelouch/Zero does treat them like that, but he is also willing to risk his life too (using his King moves first strategy and especially when he takes another route than them and taking Suzaku with him).
If they would have been treated as simple pawns, he would have just ordered them to go suicide to kill Suzaku and Cornelia.
This is just my personal opinnion. Besides that, this was another fantastic episode.
|Thread Tools


text:
Hey, Thompson Army! Are you looking for a fun way to help us flip KS04 blue in 2018? Then join us at Thompson Army HQ on Friday afternoons at 2pm.
Whether we are stuffing envelopes or sending out thank you cards, it's always a great way to spend an afternoon! We will provide snacks, good company and conversations. Can't wait to see you there!
Also, join us the first Friday of the month if you'd like to attend the Meet and Greet with James immediately following.
July 06, 2018 at 2pm - 4pm
Campaign Headquarters
Cammie Funston · · 316-202-4240
Who's RSVPing
H David Goering
Mitch Young
Bridget Klein
Suzanne Appleby
Sharon K. Kincaid

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Oh Em Gee. New Age? 1st Gay Battle Rapper Makes MC Think About A Career Change!
*scratches head*. Footage courtesy of Moe.
Credit to Chin-yer -The Director of The Baltimore Scene
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


text:
WASHINGTON (AP) — Senators of both parties expressed frustration Wednesday at the findings of an independent panel that blamed systemic failures in the State Department leadership for "grossly inadequate" security at the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi, Libya, where the ambassador and three other Americans were killed in a Sept. 11 attack.
Emerging from a closed, 75-minute briefing with leaders of the panel, lawmakers said the harshly critical report identified problems that the State Department was moving to address.
"My impression is the State Department clearly failed the Boy Scout motto of be prepared," said Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo. "They failed to anticipate what was coming because of how bad the security risk already was there. ... They failed to connect the dots. They didn't have adequate security leading up to the attack and once the attack occurred, the security was woefully inadequate."
Democratic Sen. Dick Durbin of Illinois said the Accountability Review Board found no "willful misconduct," which is the standard for judgment.
"But it is also clear that there was a failure when it came to the management of security in Benghazi," Durbin said. "As a consequence some internal administrative action is being taken in the State Department."
House Intelligence chairman Mike Rogers, R-Mich., said the report laid bare "the massive failure of the State Department at all levels, including senior leadership, to take action to protect our government employees abroad," and complained that no one was being held accountable.
Rogers also said he was dissatisfied with the lack of progress in finding the Benghazi attackers.
Lawmakers praised the work of the board, led by retired Ambassador Thomas Pickering and former Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Adm. Mike Mullen. The two testified before the Senate and House foreign affairs committees in closed sessions. Wednesday's classified testimony sets the stage for open hearings Thursday with Deputy Secretary of State William Burns, who is in charge of policy, and Deputy Secretary of State Thomas Nides, who is in charge of management.
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton was to have appeared at Thursday's hearing but canceled after fainting and sustaining a concussion last week while recovering from a stomach virus that dehydrated her. Clinton is under doctors' orders to rest.
An unclassified version of their report released late Tuesday said serious bureaucratic mismanagement was responsible for the inadequate security at the mission in Benghazi.
"Systematic failures and leadership and management deficiencies at senior levels within two bureaus of the State Department resulted in a Special Mission security posture that was inadequate for Benghazi and grossly inadequate to deal with the attack that took place," the panel said.
Despite those deficiencies, the board determined that no individual officials ignored or violated their duties and recommended no disciplinary action. But it also said poor performance by senior managers should be grounds for disciplinary recommendations in the future.
Senate Republicans and Democrats said they hoped Clinton would testify on the Hill even though she is planning to step down from her post.
In a letter that accompanied the transmission of the report to Capitol Hill, Clinton thanked the board for its "clear-eyed, serious look at serious systemic challenges" and said she accepted all of its 29 recommendations to improve security at high-threat embassies and consulates.
She said the department had already begun to implement some of the recommendations. They include increasing by several hundred the number of Marine guards stationed at diplomatic missions throughout the world; relying less on local security forces for protection at embassies, consulates and other offices; and increasing hiring and deployment of highly trained Diplomatic Security agents at at-risk posts.
Clinton agreed with the panel's finding that Congress must fully fund the State Department's security initiatives. The panel found that budget constraints in the past had led some management officials to emphasize savings over security, including rejecting numerous requests from the Benghazi mission and the embassy in Tripoli for enhanced protection.
House and Senate negotiators on the pending defense bill on Tuesday agreed to fund another 1,000 Marines at embassy security worldwide.
The report singled out the Bureau of Diplomatic Security and the Bureau of Near East Affairs for criticism, saying there appeared to be a lack of cooperation and confusion over protection at the mission in Benghazi, a city in Eastern Libya that was relatively lawless after the revolution that toppled Libyan strongman Moammar Gadhafi.
But it appeared to break little new ground about the timeline of the Benghazi attack during which Libyan Ambassador Chris Stevens, information specialist Sean Smith and former Navy SEALs Glen Doherty and Tyrone Woods — who were contractors working for the CIA — were killed. Stevens' slaying was the first of a U.S. ambassador since 1988.
The board determined that there had been no immediate, specific tactical warning of a potential attack on the 11th anniversary of Sept. 11, 2001. However, the report said there had been several worrisome incidents in the run-up to the attack that should have set off warning bells.
It did confirm, though, that contrary to initial accounts, there was no protest outside the consulate. It said responsibility for the incident rested entirely with the terrorists who attacked the mission.
In the immediate aftermath of the attack, administration officials linked the attack to the spreading protests that had begun in Cairo earlier that day over an American-made, anti-Islamic film. Those comments came after evidence already pointed to a distinct militant attack.
United Nations Ambassador Susan Rice appeared on numerous TV talk shows the Sunday after the attack and used the administration talking points linking it to the film. An ensuing brouhaha in the heat of the presidential campaign eventually led her to withdraw her name from consideration to replace Hillary Rodham Clinton as secretary of state in President Barack Obama's second term.
Sen. Jim Inhofe, R-Okla., emerging from the Senate briefing on the report, kept up the congressional criticism of Rice.
"Now we all know she had knowledge. She knew what the truth was. It was a cover-up," he said.
While criticizing State Department management in Washington along with the local militia force and contract guards that the mission depended on for protection, the report said U.S. personnel on the ground in Benghazi "performed with courage and readiness to risk their lives to protect their colleagues in a near-impossible situation."
It said the response by Diplomatic Security agents on the scene and CIA operatives at a nearby compound that later came under attack itself had been "timely and appropriate" and absolved the military from any blame. "There was simply not enough time for armed U.S. military assets to have made a difference," it said.
The report also discounted speculation that officials in Washington had refused appeals for additional help after the attack had begun.
"The Board found no evidence of any undue delays in decision making or denial of support from Washington or from the military combatant commanders," it said. To the contrary, the report said the evacuation of the dead and wounded 12 hours after the initial attack was due to "exceptional U.S. government coordination and military response" that helped save the lives of two seriously wounded Americans.
Associated Press writers Donna Cassata and Kimberly Dozier contributed to this report.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press.
Senators say State failed on Benghazi security
WASHINGTON (AP) — Senators of both parties expressed frustration Wednesday at the findings of an independent panel that blamed systemic failures in the State Department leadership for "grossly inadequate" security at the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi, Libya, where the ambassador and three other Americans were killed in a Sept. 11 attack.


text:
WebSockets versus REST?
- Share
- |
Read later
Reading List
For the past few years WebSockets has been gaining in popularity and availability. At the end of last year it moved one step closer to a standard by becoming a W3C Candidate Recommendation. Oracle and others have also recently submitted a request to start a standardisation effort around WebSockets (JSR 356) in the next version of Java Enterprise Edition. All of the major browsers, such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari and IE, support one of the WebSockets revisions and will ultimately adopt whatever the standard eventually becomes. In a relatively short period of time, WebSockets has almost become an integral part of the Web. However, there remains a segment of developers who are uncertain as to how or whether WebSockets fits into the architectural style of the Web: REST. Some, such as Nathan Evans, go so far as to suggest that WebSockets could overshadow REST:
After reading up about the standard in detail and absorbing the various online discussion around it, it is becoming increasingly clear to me that this standard is going to steal a large chunk of mind share from RESTful web services. What I mean is that there will come a stage in product development where somebody will have to ask the question:
"Right guys, shall we use WebSockets or REST for this project?"
I expect that WebSockets will, within a year or two, begin stunting the growth of RESTful web services – at least as we know them today.
In his article Nathan believes that based on his experiences of using REST, it is not the "silver bullet" that some other people portray it as, although he admits that WebSockets is also not perfect. He then outlines a number of reasons why WebSockets is a threat to REST, including "sub-par" REST frameworks reliance on text-based protocols. Some of the important benefits that WebSockets offers over REST include bi-directional interactions:
The true bi-directional capability offered by WebSockets is a first for any HTTP-borne protocol. It is something that neither SOAP nor REST have. And which Comet/push/long-polling can only emulate, inefficiently. The bi-directional capability is inherently so good that you could tunnel a real-time TCP protocol such as Remote Desktop or VNC over a WebSocket, if you wanted.
Nathan believes that the benefits of WebSockets outweigh those of REST (HTTP) and that developers will migrate towards WebSockets in preference to it.
REST will probably remain the default choice for projects that need highly visible and cross-platform interoperable web services. Projects without those requirements will probably opt for WebSockets instead and either run JSON over it, or use a bespoke wire protocol. [...] Even though they are competing, the good thing is that REST and WebSockets can actually co-exist with one another. In fact, because they are both built upon HTTP fundamentals they will actually complement each other.
However, Nathan isn't the only one to raise the question of "WebSockets or/versus REST". For instance, Shay Bannon wondered in 2010 whether it is even possible to use the principles of REST with WebSockets:
First and foremost, how do you represent a URI? Second, how do you represent the HTTP methods (GET, PUT, POST, …)? And last, how do you represent HTTP uri parameters and headers? It seems like maybe a solution for this is to built some sort of schema into the content that goes into that text string. Something like a JSON string that has a "uri" field, and "params" and so on. But thats annoying, since with HTTP, you can create very simple gateways that simply use the headers or parameters without needing to parse the body…
He wonders why WebSockets does not have notion of URI or header, and as a result whether there is a need for a REST-over-WebSockets specification before people reinvent REST and end up doing so "not in a uniform manner"? At the time he received a mixed response to this article. For instance one respondant, who mentioned he worked for a WebSockets company, so perhaps not too objective, stated:
REST and WebSocket communication seems to be two different types of distributed computing plumbing. REST is the old-school, sit on top of HTTP, synchronous style of web rpc. WebSocket is the newer, sit along side HTTP, usually asynchronous style of web communication. Imho, in the long term, WebSocket will dramatically reduce the need for REST for WAN computing. With WebSocket, all the protocols we've known and loved for the past few decades can now be extended over the web without the clumsy and performance-sucking mapping to HTTP.
And another:
My take is REST involves the conventional request/response paradigm. In contrast sockets cater for the comet/long polling scenario where the line of communication stays open for several communication cycles. Also, the initial handshake to WS still occurs from HTTP, so in reality they are not mutually exclusive. I also thought the whole point of the WS protocol was to get rid of the cruft in the HTTP Headers as it becomes redundant and just adds to the payload size.
However, while agreeing that REST and WebSockets can and should co-exist, several commenters disagreed with the notion of a REST-over-WebSockets specification at all, with one adding:
if you consider REST in the Fielding sense, with a web of addressable objects (or resources), then that doesn't really work in a duplex comms format. You don't expect the resources to initiate the conversation. WebSockets will transform the web (if they take off), but not as a protocol for REST-style communications.
And another giving a more detailed point of view:
WebSockets are like a conversation between two people with ADD. It's full duplex, so both sides can talk at the same time, and both sides have to keep their listening caps on *while* they're talking. REST is stateless and synchronous, dealing only with request->response. You would have to expand the concept of REST to get the benefit of unprompted server->client communication. I could see there being a library that implements REST in WebSockets, but it would only be useful for applications that already have a RESTful API and want to get the benefit of reduced overhead that a single connection would afford without refactoring their code.
Then there are some in the REST community, such as Jim Webber, who believe that WebSockets are not right for the Web:
With WebSockets almost at the point of becoming a standard, as well as being supported and used in browsers, mobile and in the cloud, it is interesting to wonder how much of an impact they will have on developers who are currently using REST and HTTP, or do they address a different developer segment? Worse still, are we at risk as some believe, of "breaking the Web"?
Rate this Article
Hello stranger!You need to Register an InfoQ account or Login or login to post comments. But there's so much more behind being registered.
Get the most out of the InfoQ experience.
Tell us what you think
Mark Nottingham
Re: WebSockets
Peter Moskovits
With the advancement of HTML5 (canvas, local storage, web workers, ...) and CSS3, full blown applications can be run in the browser. Along with the always-on connectivity, we can build apps very similar to the ones that we used to build in a thick client/server world.
About WebSocket being low-level: agree with one comment: just like in the TCP world developers were not coding at the TCP frame level, but were using higher level business protocols; WebSocket was designed to be the transport layer as well. There are implementations of higher level business protocols, such as XMPP, JMS, AMQP, VNC (RFB) that you can use directly from your browser-based HTML5 apps.
Peter Moskovits - Kaazing Developer Evangelist
Re: WebSockets
Roopesh Shenoy
Re: WebSockets
Greg Wiley
Does it work directly on TCP or on HTTP? The request headers seem to have HTTP in them if you refer wikipedia.
A WebSocket connection starts live out as an HTTP connection which goes through a protocol upgrade to a WebSocket. When the initial request is made it is made over HTTP with an additional header requesting the upgrade. A WebSocket capable server will respond with HTTP 101 - switching protocol response and a WebSocket handshake will take place. Once the WebSocket is established the HTTP protocol is no longer active and the WebSocket runs directly over the established TCP connection.
WebSocket & REST
Greg Wiley
Overtime it may be that, as developers get used to WebSockets, those REST services may be retired in favour of implementing the same or newer services over WebSockets using a messaging system that supports request/response, queueing and publish/subscribe.
Re: WebSocket & REST
Ben Ford
I use the pattern of loading the initial (json) representation via a normal request and then pushing subsequent state changes over a websocket served from the same URL. All you need to implement this is a stack that enables you to mix both approaches from the same server. I use python/pyramid/eventlet and a small library on top of that called stargate: boothead.github.com/stargate/. I'm sure there are equivalents in most green thread based frameworks.
interesting when combined with cloud computing service end points
William Louth
HTTP should have allowed two-way communication from the get-go
Faisal Waris
If HTTP had allowed two-way communication, life would have been much easier today.
WebSockets is just a way of negotiating a plain old two-way socket connection using HTTP and then HTTP moves out of the way.
I don't see how WebSockets have any relevance to REST (unless you have a mindset that anything over HTTP is automatically REST).
BTW the only decent two-way, SOA stack that I know works well is Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) with its 'Duplex' binding.
WebSocket vs. Comet
Alessandro Alinone
I detailed my perspective on this topic a few months ago on Comet Daily: cometdaily.com/2011/07/06/push-technology-comet...
That would revolutionize the way multi-modal services are implemented
Shoaib Ali
Also, I think REST would evolve in different directions and not just fade out in favor of WebSockets. Some patterns of REST usage may become less attractive however other patterns may appear that become more appealing than ever. For example, I can already think in terms of a Transactional-REST whereby I can wrap REST calls in a transaction boundary - between beginTransaction/endTransaction. How about pushing distributed transactions real far - across webservices? Wouldn't it be nice to have T-REST that you can include within your regular distributed transaction scope? I don't think that's easily doable to-day.
Philosophically, the Web would acquire features that would enable it to become a first class Service rather than just a Resource. Exactly how that would affect technological evolution is beyond limits.
different definitions of 'the web'
gordon sim
I believe that any widespread success with websockets will be based on asynchronous, message-oriented application layer protocols layered on top of this (e.g. AMQP, XMPP, STOMP etc). Having every system roll their own protocol would be a retrograde step.
Though there are cases where it seems to me that an asynchronous message oriented approach provides a more natural fit, I think the REST style covers a wider range of applications and I hope people continue to employ it where applicable. I think it is one of the more impressive feats of concrete, detailed analysis of architectural decisions I have seen. I do think that message-oriented systems can achieve many of the same benefits (and some additional ones!), but as yet the accumulated knowledge has not been encapsulated so clearly.
Re: WebSockets
Roopesh Shenoy
Websockets, a disaster?
Bill Burke
Bill Burke
God! I shouldn't be commenting on this...
William Martinez
2. If WebSockets is a protocol, the question would then be if REST can be implemented using that protocol instead of the widely used HTTP, and what are the consequences.
3. About services on the web, there are more than one implementation out there. The ones thinking that they have REST web services (when they really have HTTP ones) may fear the uprising of WebSocket Web Services, which may be possible, but each have different implementation cons and pros and makes no sense to compare them but to decide for one of them.
WebSockets Vs REST
Naresh Chintalcheru
WebSockets, publish/subscribe, and REST constraints
Benjamin Carlyle
The 100% RESTful approach to this same problem is polling, possibly polling of a delta resource. The REST alternative would periodically (say, once every few seconds) or on demand (say, when the user moves the mouse) send a request to a resource that either captures the total set of dynamic state for the page, or the list of recent changes. This results in a delay of up to the time that the page waits to send this request, plus the time that it takes to fulfil the request before the update can be displayed. The poll rate is therefore carefully chosen to ensure that it provides an adequate level of responsiveness to the user while not hammering the server too hard with requests.
The Web sockets approach is likely to have the following properties:
1. The server is able to send information to the client so long as the TCP connection is not blocked, so update latency is reduced
2. The server may handle fewer requests, because some of these requests will transformed into updates across the WebSockets TCP connection
3. It is likely that heartbeats will still be required on the TCP connection to ensure from the server side that a dead connection is eventually cleaned up (this heartbeat can be relatively slow) and from the client side that the server is still actively sending updates - otherwise it will need to reset its connection. The client will need to send heartbeats at a rate that is similar to what would have been required in the HTTP polling case, although they could be up to an order of magnitude longer. For example, a 1s poll might only need a 10s heartbeat because while the 1s poll has to ensure low latency in the normal case the 10s heartbeat only needs to ensure acceptable latency in the unusual "my server has failed" case.
Web Sockets break REST constraints as follows, as compared to the polling or polling + delta encoding approach.
Stateless: Web sockets maintain a TCP connection between requests that will cause the application to malfunction if it were to go away. This means that servers using this design will use more memory than stateless servers. It also means that a single server going down can have more impact than it would have had in the stateless approach, although the client may be able to reestablish the connection and continue working in this case so long as sufficient heartbeat messages are exchanged.
Cache: Web sockets cannot benefit from cache, so can't share updates between different clients easily. However, pub/sub can be used to replace the Cache constraint as a data replication strategy. If done right it produces a stateful but otherwise simple model. pub/sub if done right using standard protocols can even be visible to intermediaries and allow them to participate in notification distribution networks.
Uniform Contract: The information sent across web sockets does not comply with uniform contract. Intermediaries do not know what is going on over those connections, and can't do anything to help or hinder that communication. Firewalls cannot make sense of the data to enforce policy decisions and intermediaries cannot be transparently inserted to help in the dissemination of information.
Layered System: Layered System is largely broken because proxies and gateways cannot be transparently inserted. Instead the web socket is going to request a direct connection to the server itself. Again this has potentially negative security and performance impacts.
Code on demand: Code on demand partially replaces uniform contract regarding the content that is sent across a Web Socket. Javascript is downloaded from the server using the real uniform contract, and this logic is then used to determine what to send and interpret what is received over the socket.
My thoughts:
* Pub/sub can be an effective solution where the latency tolerance of an application is very low (such as applications where the end to end latency tolerance is less than a second or two).
* Web sockets for pub/sub only really make sense in relatively low latency-tolerant applications with information that is relevant to only a few clients. As compared to browsers polling at a low rate the websockets solution is hungry on server resources, is unable to use intermediaries to transparently distribute information and introduces new failure modes.
* Web sockets end up needing another protocol to be layered on top of them to be useful. It would be nice / would have been nice it if it were possible to have the web socket at least identify the protocol in use so that if an intermediary happens to understand it then that intermediary can get involved. As it stands the sockets have little inherent potential for protocol evolution - the client javascript and server implementation have to match, there is no inherent means to negotiate protocol.
Re: WebSockets, publish/subscribe, and REST constraints
Bill Burke
Re: Security?
Peter Moskovits
o Delivering Security Over Native Full-duplex Web Connections - a free whitepaper from Kaazing's founder & CTO: blog.kaazing.com/2012/02/17/free-websocket-secu...
o HTML5 WebSocket Security is Strong - a generic WebSocket security overview: blog.kaazing.com/2012/02/28/html5-websocket-sec...
o Kaazing WebSocket Gateway Security is Strong - a security post on the Kaazing WebSocket Gateway: may be an interesting read, even if you don't use Kaazing: blog.kaazing.com/2012/02/29/kaazing-websocket-g...
JAMP (JSON messaging over WebSocket) Re: different definitions of 'the web'
Richard Hightower
Actually, quietly in the background, but after this post decided to make it more public and put up a github page, etc.
The primary goal of JAMP is to provide structure for a JSON-based messaging over a WebSockets connection. JAMP will support a next generation SOA/REST style communication.
Think of JAMP as SOAP on a strict diet and based on JSON and the interfaces of your programming languages instead of XML and WSDL+XML schema.
JSON Actor Message Protocol defines a bidirectional messaging protocol using JSON as a payload serialization format.
Messages are typed and addressed. Both unidirectional messages and bidirectional queries are supported. JAMP can be sent on messaging and framing protocols like WebSockets, HTTP (REST), AMQP, or STOMP.
JAMP is a very simple and easy to implement serialization protocol, coming from the JSON school of design.
JAMP is the logical next step in REST/SOA evolutionary architectures to fit WebSockets, STOMP and AMQP. It augments STOMP and AMQP by adding a common serialization that is easily available and marshalable to many different languages. It aguments REST by giving you many more verbs, and a async messaging architecture to build your services on top of.
It should be possible for a seasoned developers to write their own JAMP bindings for their programming language of choice in a couple of days or even less if they use an existing JSON parser.
One of the goals of this project is to write reference implementations in JavaScript, Java and Python with the hope that others will write Ruby, Objective C, C# et al.
Some links of note:
JAMP Visual Tutorial.
Language binding and routing
IETF JAMP Draft
It is not restful
jack jia
Is Websockets just a way to workaround a firewall?
Fernando Lozano
Re: JAMP (JSON messaging over WebSocket) Re: different definitions of 'the
kp bird
are you still working on JAMP project ? as per github there isn't any update since last 2 year...
Re: JAMP (JSON messaging over WebSocket) Re: different definitions of 'the
Richard Hightower
Hello Richard Hightower,
are you still working on JAMP project ? as per github there isn't any update since last 2 year...
No. I am not. Someone is. But not me.
I am still working with WebSocket.


text:
After a long hard day at work, Al Bundy – like many hardworking New Yorkers - should be able to enjoy a brew along with an adult dancer. He would object to "Pol calls for more disclosure on liquor license apps" (Andrew Pavia, January 24).
Elected officials such as State Senator Michael Gianaris and Assemblywoman Aravella Simotas and others who opposed the Queen of Hearts from obtaining a license from the State Liquor Authority need to loosen up, hoist a pint and get a lap dance or two at a local neighborhood adult club.
The owners of the Queen of Hearts cabaret pay taxes like the rest of us. They also provide gainful employment to cooks, bartenders, waitresses, dancers and security personnel, along with those who deliver beverage and food supplies. All are neighbors, who also pay taxes and are trying to earn a living.
Many customers are also neighbors patronizing the establishment on a voluntary basis. Walk down any street or visit any park during a hot summer day, and you can see many beautiful women enjoying life dressed so casual they leave little to the imagination.
How disappointing to see Gianaris and Simotas have thrown their lot in with the so-called Moral Majority social police and politically extreme reactionary conservatives who attempt to use government rules and regulations to impose their own moral values on others.
What consenting adults consume, inhale, perform, read or view in the privacy of their own home or private social or adult club isn't the concern of government.
Individual economic and civil liberties prosper best when government stays out of both the bedroom and marketplace.
Larry Penner
Great Neck


text:
End of Innocence
End of Innocence
Mannerheiminaukio 2
FIN-00100 Helsinki
FIN-00100 Helsinki
February 8th, 2013 - August 18th, 2013
Jouko Lehtola began his career in the 1990s with photographs of rock stars and people attending summer music festivals. Over the years, his themes became more sombre and socially critical. He photographed sites where people had died of drug overdose, sharp objects used in domestic violence, crashed cars, signs of the misery and exclusion of youth.
The exhibition features Lehtola's works from different series in Kiasma's collections. A film by Riitta Riihonen, Jouko Lehtola in Light (2011), is presented in conjunction with the show. The film is based on Lehtola's diaries he gave to the director.


text:
BART invites public to May 2 meeting on civilian police oversight models
WHEN: Saturday, May 2, 2009 at 1:00 p.m.*
WHERE: Joseph P. Bort Metro Center Auditorium
101 - 8th Street in Oakland
(across from Lake Merritt BART Station)
Part I - Civilian Oversight Models
Learn how civilian oversight of police is managed from experienced professionals representing:
- City and County of San Francisco Police Commission and Office of Citizens' Complaints
- City of Richmond Confidential Investigative and Appeals Office
- City of Sacramento Office of Public Safety Accountability
- City of Oakland Citizen's Review Board
- City of Berkeley Police Review Commission
- ACLU of Northern California
Part II - Discuss outcomes you want to see BART Achieve by Establishing Civilian Oversight
For details about the BART Police Department Review Committee and to find information on civilian oversight models visit our "latest news" page.
* This is the 1st in a series of public meetings on civilian oversight. The next meeting is being planned for mid-May and will be announced soon.
BART invites public to May 2 meeting on civilian police oversight models (19k .pdf)


text:
VANCEBORO � Chandler Seagle came to the plate with the score tied and runners at second and third base.
VANCEBORO � Chandler Seagle came to the plate with the score tied and runners at second and third base.
New Bern�s junior catcher attempted a squeeze bunt, but instead, the ball squirted into foul territory.
Later in his at bat, Seagle blooped a ball into the outfield for a two-run single in the sixth inning to lift the Bears to a 5-3 win at West Craven Thursday.
�I choked up on the bat and put the ball in play and tried to get the runs in,� Seagle said.
New Bern (5-0) entered the top of the sixth inning trailing, 3-2, with the top of the batting order slated to hit.
With one out, Austin King was plunked by a pitch. He advanced all the way to third on Josh Taylor�s infield single. Taylor then stole second, and Tyler Mincavage was intentionally walked to load the bases.
King tied the game at 3-3 after crossing home on a wild pitch.
After Taylor and Mincavage moved up 90 feet, Seagle provided New Bern with the go-ahead base hit over the drawn-in infield.
�(Chandler) looked real bad in his second at bat, when he struck out, and (West Craven) had the infield playing halfway in,� said New Bern coach Gary Smith. �We had speed on the bases, so I felt like if he could put a ball in play, Josh (Taylor) could score from third. Had they been back, who knows, maybe they make a play on that ball.
�It was good to see him come through.�
New Bern pitchers Cayne Ratliffe and Sean Garbarino retired six of West Craven�s final seven batters to seal the victory.
�(West Craven coach) Mike (McKeel) has done a real good job since he�s been coach,� Smith said. �I think the kids on both teams have gotten closer as friends. It adds to the rivalry.
�West Craven has always had a very aggressive, fired up style of play. You better come to play.�
New Bern got on the scoreboard first when Mincavage drove home Taylor with an RBI single in the first.
Without getting a hit, West Craven (6-1) answered with two runs in the bottom of the second. Logan Nobles and Tyler Williams both drew bases loaded walks.
The bases were left full when Bears� relief pitcher Colin Schmid struck out Justin Taylor with two outs.
�All I wanted them to do is to come out and compete,� said West Craven coach Mike McKeel. �We were going after it to win and we were doing everything we could. It was a great ballgame.�
The Bears evened the score at 2-2 after King�s sacrifice fly scored Bailey Ipock in the third. West Craven regained the lead when Kenny McDaniel hit a sacrifice fly to score Hunter Hackney.
�New Bern struggled on the mound a little bit, and we took advantage,� McKeel said. �We have to come through with more timely hits.
�We competed for seven innings and that�s a good stepping stone for us right now.�
Taylor led New Bern�s offense with two hits, two stolen bases and two runs scored.
�When you look at his swing, you would think he is not the prototypical No. 3 hitter,� Smith said. �He is successful because he is a competitor and a tremendous athlete.
�We feel like if he can get on base, he has a good chance of scoring because of his speed and that guys hitting behind him.�
Bailey Jones pitched an inning and two-thirds, and walked five. Schmid allowed just two hits in two and two-thirds innings of relief.
�After our shaky start on the mound, I thought Colin did a tremendous job keeping us in the game, giving us a chance to win,� Smith said.
Nobles and Williams combined to reach base five times for West Craven. Blake Fellers doubles, and Eagles� hitters walked seven times.
Adam Thompson can be reached at 252-635-5669 or at email@example.com. Follow Adam on Twitter @Adam_matic.


text:
Mission: Seattle Public Schools is committed to ensuring equitable access, closing the opportunity gaps and excellence in education for every student.
Vision: Every Seattle Public Schools' student receives a high-quality, 21st century education and graduates prepared for college, career and life.
Core Beliefs: We believe that the district-wide commitment to these core beliefs is vital at all levels of the organization and will enable students to succeed and become responsible citizens.
Download the Seattle Public Schools Strategic Plan


text:
Awww Nuts - Tony Pasko talks Guitar String Nuts
- Hard material with a vintage look must be cut cleanly to keep strings from binding in slots.
- Bright and clear, with a detailed sound.
- Hard, dense material.
- Bad-smelling dust.
- Self-lubricating material works well with tremolos and headstocks that do not have straight string pull through nut.
- Warmer and even-sounding.
- Easy to cut, less shaping required with pre-molded blanks.
- Hard material polishes well and looks good with gold hardware.
- Great sustain for bass and slide guitar playing.
- Bright with very good sustain.
- Slow-working, dust can clog files, gets hot when power-sanded.
- Made of the same material as fret wire (18% hard nickel/silver) so it matches sound & look of frets.
- Polishes well.
- Very bright with excellent articulation and sustain.
- Very slow working gets hot when power-sanded.
- Synthetic material with a look similar to bone.
- Warmer and even-sounding.
- Easy to cut, less shaping required with pre-molded blanks.
- Hard synthetic material takes a fine finish and is available in large oversized blanks.
- Balanced, clear, even sound.
- Cuts slowly but evenly.
- 1-5/8″ with binding
- 1-11/16″ keeps strings away from the edge of the neck.
- 1-3/4″ nut width
Earvana nut, you won't be sorry.
Source:Tony J. Pasko


text:
Cargo Line International Pty Ltd
Contact Details
35 Enterprise Circuit
Prestons NSW 2170
+61 02 8784 3407
Other Locations
Company Profile
Cargo Line International is Australia's leading independent freight forwarder. We specialise in providing freight forwarding solutions on a global scale. With over 25 years local knowledge and experience in all regions, Cargo Line International has a worldwide network of owned operations and partners to ensure the right solution is found. Our worldwide network also ensures that you receive the same high level of customer service levels equally in all transactions in all places. Not only does Cargo Line International provide global multi-modal freight forwarding it also has in house customs brokerage and consultancy, AQIS, 3PL, Project Freight Specialist, transport and transparent technology, which allows the right solution and provides the desired outcomes without the need for third parties.
Products and Services
Regular FCL Services
Regular Air Freight Consolidations
Weekly LCL Consolidation Services
Shipment Tracking and Order Follow Up On-line
Project Freight Forwarding
Aircraft Charters
Sea Charters
Heavy, Out-of-Gauge Multi Axle Transportation
Dangerous Goods Freight
Door to Door Service
Licensed Customs Broker
AQIS Accredited
Speedy On-line Clearances
Landed Costings
Free Trade Advice
Refunds and Drawbacks
Commercial By-law Advice
Tariff Concession
Desktop Audits
Supply Chain Management
On line World Wide Order Follow Up
Tailor Made Customer Service
Shipping Cost Analysis
Client Confidentiality
Online Communication Network
Online Shipment Tracking
Electronic Data Exchange of Commercial and Shipping Documentation
Licensed Customs Brokers
Quarantine Approved Premise (QAP)
HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points)
WCA (World Cargo Alliance) Member
Motion Logistic Network


text:
The Pilot's Pilot
Bud Barron loved to fly in the skies. He flew toward the heavens for more than fifty years. When he saw his first plane at a Macon fair when he was a child, Bud knew that someday he wanted to fly. The Dublin pilot flew his plane for nearly forty thousand hours over the fields of Central Georgia, across the rivers, plains and mountains of America, and over the oceans of the Earth. It was seventy years ago when Winton Hill Barron, "Bud" to his friends, began his journey toward becoming a military pilot. And, it was thirty four years ago, when the citizens of Laurens County, Georgia named their airport after the man they called, "The Pilot's Pilot."
Bud Barron was born in Johnson County, Georgia on December 21, 1906 to his parents William H. Barron and Eliza Moye Barron. The family moved to Sandersville and after World War I, back to Lovett in northwestern Laurens County. Barron's father operated a grocery store in Lovett and Dublin. In 1930, Bud Barron was listed in the census as a café owner.
Bud Barron began to fly airplanes in 1928, soon after he took his first plane ride. "It cost me $40.00 for me and my date to go up. It was worth every bit of it," he recalled. It was during the late 1920s and throughout the 1930s when many young men and boys in Laurens County were captivated by the thrill and allure of flying airplanes.
Interestingly, living next door to the Barrons in their Washington Street home was Clay F. Bell. Clay Bell began flying at the age of 16. During World War II, he served as a bombardier in the 483rd bombardment group.
Bud bought his first plane, a Curtis Junior, in South Georgia. Of that plane, Barron once said, "My first plane a three-cylinder engine mounted on top of the wing with the propeller above the body behind the wing." Barron described his aircraft as "a piece of junk" which he restored with chicken wire, orange crates, and bed sheets. He flew along the highways back to Dublin to keep from getting lost.
"It finally wound up in the top of a big tree with my partner in it," Barron said. "It cut off both of his heels," he added during an interview as he reflected on his life in the air.
Barron considered himself and other like him as daredevils. "You just fix up a piece of junk and fly it," Bud fondly remembered.
In fact, Barron taught himself how to fly, according to Reed Salley, a lifelong friend. To pay his bills, Barron barnstormed all over southern Georgia giving plane rides for a nominal and paltry fee. After eight years of flying, Barron obtained a pilot's license when it became mandatory in 1936.
It was on the last day of 1941, some three weeks after the beginning of World War II, when Bud Barron received a telegram acknowledging his acceptance into the Army Air Force Ferry Command at Nashville, Tennessee.
Barron quickly moved up the line as an officer. After completing a seven-week course in St. Joseph, Missouri, he rose to the rank of 1st Lieutenant. By the end of 1943, Barron was promoted to Captain. The Captain was lauded by a St. Joseph's newspaper when he brought down a cargo plane on a runway without lights and with only minor damage to the aircraft.
Bud Barron was what they used to call a "ferry pilot." It was his mission to transport bombers, cargo planes and fighter planes from the United States to points around the world. Within his first year, Barron flew across the South Atlantic Ocean 8 times, the North Atlantic Ocean 7 times and across the Pacific Ocean twice. When he wasn't flying new or repaired planes, Barron flew troops to their new assignments and back home.
Businessman Ed Herrin said of Barron, "He flew just about every kind of airplane used by the United States during World War II."
Barron continued to serve his country as a commander of the Air Force Reserve squadron at Robins Air Force base, retiring in 1959 as a Lieutenant Colonel.
When Barron returned home after the war, he obtained a lease for a portion of the old Naval airport. Barron, in 1948, established the Georgia Aviation School, the first crop-dusting aviation school in the State of Georgia. Barron saw his business as an integral part of the agricultural community. "I've dusted thousands and thousands of acres. We are as much a part of farming nowadays as tractors," he maintained.
Barron added hangars and other buildings and transformed the remnants of the old naval airport into a first-class facility, so much so that Ed Herrin said, "Dublin became a favorite stopping place for pilots flying from the east coast to Florida."
Any pilot has many stories. He spoke of the time when he crashed his plane while piloting revenue agents, who were looking for liquor stills in the North Georgia mountains or the days when he flew Georgia governor Lester Maddox across the state during campaign events.
Barron died on August 17, 1981. In his fifty years as a pilot, Barron flew in the skies for at least four full years. Of his love of flying, Barron was often quoted as saying, "Once it bites you, it's worse than any disease." Despite his retirement and his long battle with cancer, Barron vowed to keep flying. "You get up there, flying around those big cumulus clouds, going in one side and coming out the other and you're all alone, there's nothing else like it." Barron said in one of his last interviews.
Winton Hill "Bud" Barron was inducted into the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame on April 29, 2000. His contributions to aviation in Dublin and to the war effort of the United States during World War II will last into the next century. The people of Laurens County honored Bud Barron upon his retirement with the naming of the Laurens County Airport, which officially opened as the "W.H. 'Bud' Barron Airport" on January 3, 1978, thirty-four years ago today.


text:
DUBINER, SAMUEL › DUBINER, SAMUEL - Fold3.com
You are here: Alphabetical Index to Declarations of Intention of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, 1917-1950 › D › Du › Dubiner › DUBINER, SAMUEL DUBINER, SAMUEL
Premium Image PreviewChoose an option below to continue
Start your 7-day Free Trial
|Start Now
|See our other membership options.
Already a Premium member? Sign in
Member Contributions for DUBINER, SAMUEL › DUBINER, SAMUEL - Fold3.com
Make the information on this image better by adding what you know.
- Annotations
- Comments
- Stories about this image
- Learn more »
About this image
About this Publication TitleNaturalization Index - NY Southern Intentions
These cards contain limited information about the immigrant. Locate an individual by name, then use the numbers to order documents from NARA. The three digit-number on these index cards is the volume number. The other number is the Declaration of Intention number. Use these numbers and any other data you have on the applicant when requesting copies of the declarations.
Popular Titles
Civil War "Widows' Pensions"
WWII US Air Force Photos Free
Civil War Pensions Index
WWII "Old Man's Draft" Registration Cards
Revolutionary War Pensions
Revolutionary War Service Records
Vietnam Veterans Memorial Free
Missing Air Crew Reports, WWII
Brady Civil War Photos Free
War of 1812 Pension Files Free Updated


text:
Living on a Prayer: Sixers vie to stay alive in visit to Bobcats
The Philadelphia 76ers are clinging to faint playoff hopes, but will try to keep them alive Wednesday night when they visit the Charlotte Bobcats.
The Sixers have won three straight and are six behind the Milwaukee Bucks for the eighth and final playoff spot in the Eastern Conference. The schedule is not kind in their pursuit as the 76ers have seven of their last nine on the road, including four straight.
"Obviously, the clock is ticking, but as long as you keep winning, you keep giving yourself a chance," said Sixers coach Doug Collins. "I really like the way we're approaching things. Guys are really helping each other."
The Sixers last game was against the same Bobcats and Philadelphia came away with a 100-92 victory at home. Evan Turner led the way with 22 points, but Jrue Holiday took over a bit late to secure the win.
On Monday, the Sixers signed Holiday's older brother, Justin. He played for Idaho in the NBA Development League.
"I've been praying all season for someone to call him up and I'm just happy it was us," said baby brother.
The Bobcats have dropped three straight and did the Sixers no favors on Monday with a 131-102 loss in Milwaukee.
Charlotte shot 50.7 percent from the field against the Bucks, but Milwaukee was at 51 percent and 52 percent from 3-point range. The Bobcats committed 21 turnovers, which led to 31 Bucks points.
Six Bucks scored in double figures and all six had 15 points or more. The starting frontcourt for the Bobcats had 19 points, but Kemba Walker netted 27 and Gerald Henderson added 17.
Ben Gordon and Tyrus Thomas scored in double figures off the bench.
Michael Kidd-Gilchrist missed the Bucks game for personal reasons.
The Sixers have won all three matchups this season against the Bobcats and six straight overall. They've won three in a row in Charlotte.


text:
Department of History Home Page
Andrew J. Hurley, Professor, Chairperson
Ph.D., Northwestern University
John R. Gillingham, Curators'Professor
Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley
Richard H. Mitchell, Curators' Professor
Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Jay Rounds, E. Desmond Lee Professor of Museum Studies and Community History
Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles
Carlos A. Schwantes, Saint Louis Mercantile Library Professor of Transportation Studies
Ph.D., University of Michigan
Mark A. Burkholder, Professor
Ph.D., Duke University
Jerry M. Cooper, Professor Emeritus
Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Paul Corby Finney, Professor Emeritus
Ph.D., Harvard University
Louis Gerteis, Professor
Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Steven C. Hause, Professor Emeritus
Ph.D., Washington University
Charles P. Korr, Professor Emeritus
Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles
William S. Maltby, Professor Emeritus
Ph.D., Duke University
James Neal Primm, Curators' Professor Emeritus,
Ph.D., University of Missouri-Columbia
Steven W. Rowan, Professor
Ph.D., Harvard University
Blanche M. Touhill, Professor, Chancellor Emeritus
Ph.D., Saint Louis University
Robert M. Bliss, Associate Professor Dean of Pierre Laclede Honors College
Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Priscilla Dowden-White, Associate Professor
Ph.D., University of Indiana-Bloomington
J. Frederick Fausz, Associate Professor
Ph.D., William and Mary
Kevin J. Fernlund, Associate Professor Executive Director of Western History Association
Ph.D., University of New Mexico
Winston Hsieh, Associate Professor
Ph.D., Harvard University
Adell Patton Jr., Associate Professor
Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Gerda W. Ray, Associate Professor
Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley
John A. Works Jr., Associate Professor Emeritus
Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Deborah Cohen, Assistant Professor
Ph.D., University of Chicago
Minsoo Kang, Assistant Professor
Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles
Laura Westhoff, Associate Professor
Ph.D., Washington University
Peter Acsay, Associate Teaching Professor
Ph.D., Saint Louis University
Robert Archibald, Adjunct Professor President, Missouri Historical Society
Ph.D., University of New Mexico
John Hoover, Adjunct Professor Director of St. Louis Mercantile Library
M.A., University of Missouri-Columbia
Robert D. Ubriaco, Adjunct Assistant Professor
Ph.D., University of Illinois
General Information
Degrees and Areas of Concentration
The department offers work in Asian, African, and African American, European, Latin American, Mexican, and United States history from ancient to modern times. At the bachelor's level, the department offers the B.A. in history, and, in cooperation with the College of Education, the B.A. in history with teacher certification and the B.S. in education with an emphasis in social studies.
At the graduate level, the department offers an M.A. in history with work in Metropolitan, Regional, National, and Transnational history. The department also offers the option of an M.A. in history with a concentration in museum studies.
Departmental Honors
Students majoring in history may be awarded departmental honors upon graduation if they have achieved the following: a) at least a 3.2 overall GPA; b) at least a 3.5 GPA for all hours attempted in history courses; and c) an outstanding research paper in the Senior Seminar as certified by the faculty member responsible for directing it.
Undergraduate Studies
General Education Requirements
History majors must meet the university and college general education requirements. History courses that will satisfy the university's state requirement are:
HIST 1001, American Civilization
HIST 1002, American Civilization
HIST 1003, African-American History
HIST 1004, The History of Women in the United States
HIST 2007, The History of Missouri
HIST 3002, United States History: Revolution and the New Nation, 1763 to 1815
HIST 3041, Topics in American Constitutional History
Students may take any language that fulfills the college's foreign language requirement. Majors may not take required history courses on a satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis. Students enrolled in variable credit reading courses for 5 credit hours must complete a seminar paper.
Degree Requirements
Bachelor of Arts in History
Students are encouraged to take programs which combine breadth of coverage with intensity. Two of the following are required:
Courses 1001-1004
HIST 1001, American Civilization to 1865
HIST 1002, American Civilization 1865 to present
HIST 1003, African-American History
HIST 1004, The History of Women in the United States
Plus two of the following:
HIST 1030, The Ancient World
HIST 1031, Topics in European Civilization: The Emergence of Western Europe to 1715
HIST 1032, Topics in European Civilization: 1715 to the Present
Non-Euro/American survey: One 3-hour course
Courses 2000-3999
One course in United States history
One course in European history
One course in Non-Euro-American history
HIST 4001, Special Readings (one credit hour)
HIST 4004, Senior Seminar
Three additional 2000 or 3000 level courses
Courses 4000-4004
HIST 4001, Special Readings (one credit hour)
HIST 4004, Senior Seminar
Majors must complete at least 39, but not more than 45, hours in history with no grade below C in major. Courses 4011 and 4012 do not count toward major. After fulfilling the general education and specific major degree requirements, students are to take the remaining 30 hours required to complete the B.A. or B.S. degrees from courses, which the appropriate department has evaluated as being of university-level quality, from one or more of the following or their-quality equivalents at other institutions: anthropology/archaeology, art (appreciation, history, studio), biology, chemistry, communication, criminology and criminal justice, economics, English, foreign languages/literatures, history , mathematics/computer science, music (appreciation, history, performance), philosophy, physics and astronomy/geology, political science, psychology, social work, sociology, business, education, engineering, and interdisciplinary.
Undergraduate majors must complete a residency minimum of 15 hours of 3000 level History courses including HIST 4001 (1 credit hour) and History 4004) (5 credit hours) in residence.
Learning Outcomes
The following learning outcomes are anticipated in the successful completion of a Bachelor of Arts in History
Communication: Write clearly and coherently and listen to oral presentations, summarize the arguments made and discuss them in the context of other oral presentations or conversations.
Valuing/Ethics/Integrity: Understand and articulate the diversity of identities and political and social systems that have shaped human behavior over time. Understand and articulate one's own identity in terms of race, gender and class, and to locate that identity in the wider world, both past and present.
Critical Thinking: Listen to oral presentations, summarize the arguments made and discuss them in the context of other oral presentations or conversations. Accurately summarize an argument and discuss it in the context of other arguments.
Content Knowledge: Embedded in Other Outcomes
Minor in History
Students may minor in history by taking 18 hours of history courses as follows:
1) One course numbered 1001-1004 in each of the following areas: United States history, European history, and Non-Euro-American history
2) One course numbered 2000-3999, in each of the following areas: United States history, European history, and Non-Euro-American history
No course in which a grade below a C is received shall count toward a minor.
Related Areas
Since history is a broad discipline, it can be combined with serious work in any other discipline. Courses in the humanities, social sciences, languages, and the natural sciences may complement the history program. Students should consult with faculty advisers to select courses suited to their individual interests.
Bachelor of Arts in History with Teacher Certification
Students majoring in History can receive Social Studies Teacher Certification.
Teacher certification students must complete the major and meet these minimum social science requirements: American history, 12 hours including HIST/SEC ED4013; European or world history, 9 hours including HIST/SEC ED4014; United States and/or state government, 6 hours including POL SCI 3090/SEC ED 3209; behavioral science, 6 hours; economics, 3 hours; geography, 3 hours; and 2 hours of elective social studies credit. For emphasis area advising, you must see a History/Social Studies advisor. You must also see an advisor in the College of Education for help with Education requirements.
For more information, refer to the College of Education section in this Bulletin.
Bachelor of Science in Education: Emphasis in Social Studies The history requirements are the same as for the B.A. degree except students fulfill the College of Education general education requirements rather than those of the College of Arts and Sciences. For information, refer to the College of Education section in this Bulletin.
Graduate Studies2+3 B.A. and M.A. in History
The 2+3 B.A./B.S. – Ed and M.A. in History enables students of demonstrated academic ability and educational maturity to complete the requirements for both degrees in five years of full-time study. Because of its accelerated nature, the program requires the completion of lower-division requirements (15 hours) before entry into the three-year portion of the program. It also has prerequisites numbered 5000-5304 for graduate readings courses numbered 6101-6115. When all the requirements of the B.A/B.S. – Ed. and M.A. program have been completed, students will be awarded both the baccalaureate and master's degrees. A carefully designed program can permit a student to earn both degrees within as few as ten semesters.
The combined program requires a minimum of 137 hours, at least 6 of which must be at the senior level (HIST 4001 and 4004) and 37 of which must be at the graduate level (courses numbered in the 5000 range and in the 6000 range). In qualifying for the B.A. or B.S. – Ed., students must meet all University and College requirements, including the requirements of the undergraduate major. In qualifying for the M.A., students must meet all University and Graduate School requirements, including satisfactory completion of at least 37 credit hours.
Students should apply to the Graduate Director of the Department of History for admission to the 2+3 combined degree program in History the semester they will complete 60 undergraduate credit hours. A cumulative grade point average of 3.1 or higher and three letters of recommendation from faculty are required for consideration. Students will be admitted to the 2+3 program under provisional status until they have completed 30 credit hours in History with a grade point average of 3.0 or higher. After completion of the provisional period, and with the recommendation of the Graduate Director, students can be granted full admission into the program. Students in the 2+3 program begin to pay graduate credit hour fees for all courses applied to the graduate degree after they have earned 107 hours. Students must maintain a grade point average of 3.0 or higher throughout the combined program. Students who officially withdraw from the 2+3 combined degree program will be awarded the B.A. or B.S. – Ed. Degree when they have successfully completed all the requirements for the degree.
Undergraduate History Requirements For Students in the 2+3
A. The following requirements must be completed prior to enrolling in the 2+3 Program:
Two of the following courses numbered 1001-1004:
HIST 1001, American Civilization
HIST 1002, American Civilization
HIST 1003, African American History
HIST 1004, The History of Women in the United States
Plus two of the following:
HIST 1030, The Ancient World
HIST 1031, Topics in European Civilization: the Emergence of Western Europe to 1715
HIST 1032, Topics in European Civilization: 1715 to the Present
Non-Euro-American survey: One three hour course at the 1041-1064 level.
The following UNDERGRADUATE courses are
required for majors in the 2+3 program
HIST 4001, Special Readings (1)
HIST 4004, Senior Seminar (5)
NOTE: B.S.-Ed. Students must also take History 4012, 4013 and 4014.
Graduate History Requirements For Students in the 2+3 Program
The following GRADUATE courses are required at the 5000-5304 level
Three courses in three of the following four fields: Metropolitan History; Regional History; National History, Transnational History (9 hours)
Three additional courses (9 hours)
Courses 6000 level (selected from the four fields available).
The prerequisite for each 6000 level course for 2+3 program students is one or more 5000-5999 level courses in the field as part of the B.A. (or B.S. Ed.) program.
1) Two 6000 level courses (one of 3 credit hours, one of 5 credit hours) in the first field: total 8 hours.
Prerequisite: two 5000-5999 level courses in the field (6 hours)
2) Two 6000 level courses (one of 3 credit hours), in the second field: total 8 hours.
Prerequisite: one 5000-5304 level course in the field (3 hours)
3) One 6000 level course of 3 credit hours in the third field: total of 3.
Prerequisite: one 5000 level course in the field 3 hours
To fulfill the 6000 requirements, a student would enroll in 8-10 hours one semester and 9-11 hours the other
NOTE: With prior approval of the Graduate Director Studies, a student may write a M.A. thesis (6 credit hours). Students writing M.A. theses may substitute three-three-hour 5000-level courses for the two five-credit hour courses in 1 and 2.
Regular M.A. Degree Requirements
The Department of History offers two regular options for graduate study, the Master of Arts in History and the Master of Arts in History with Concentration in Museum Studies. These options are described below in separate sections.
Master of Arts in History
The Department of History offers students two ways of completing the Master of Arts degree: one path of study emphasizes depth of knowledge and research competence acquired through writing a substantial master's thesis; the second emphasizes breadth of historical knowledge acquired through graduate course work and the writing of research papers. Both paths include a core of substantive courses in history (see Core) to which the student adds either a thesis (see Thesis) or additional research papers and seminars (see Research Papers).
The M.A. program offers all students intermediate training preparatory to doctoral programs, advanced training leading to teaching and other careers, and disciplined advanced work.
For Students enrolled in the History M.A. program prior to Academic Year 2006-07, the department offers study in European history, United States history, East Asian history, Latin American history, African history and African American History. Beginning in Academic Year 2007-08, the History M.A. program offers study in Metropolitan History Regional History, National History and Transnational History. Students should consult with the Director of Graduate to be sure that they have properly selected their fields of study.
Admission Requirements
Applicants must meet several departmental admission requirements in addition to the general criteria of the Graduate School. The applicant's undergraduate studies need not have been in history, but they must demonstrate high academic potential. Normally, only students with a 3.2 grade point average in their undergraduate major are admitted; most successful applicants have higher grades.
Applicants must submit three letters of recommendation, preferably from former teachers, and a sample of their written work. The departmental Graduate Committee bases its admission decisions upon the undergraduate transcript, the letters of recommendation, and the sample of written work.
All candidates for the M.A. degree in history must complete a core of 26 hours of course work (excluding thesis credit), with no more than nine hours of history and related fields at the 5000 level. This 26-hour core must include seven courses at 3 credit hours each (21 hours in all), and one 5-credit-hour writing seminar consisting of a 2-credit-hour research paper supplement to a 3-credit-hour, 6000 level history readings course.
To earn the 26-hour core, candidates select three fields of study, the first with a minimum of four courses (each at 3 credit hours or more), the second and third with a minimum of two courses each (at 3 credit hours or more).
In addition to this core, each candidate must select one of the two following degree options:
1) Thesis Option--32 hours total
In addition to the core, the candidate choosing this option must enroll for 6 hours of thesis credit and submit an acceptable thesis. The thesis is based on original research in primary sources. Normally, theses do not exceed 100 pages of text. Candidates receive a grade for the thesis upon its approval by an advisory committee. The committee consists of professors selected by the candidate after consultation with the major professor. One member of the committee must be outside the candidate's general area of study, and one may be outside the history department.
The advisory committee conducts an oral examination on the thesis during the candidate's last semester of residence.
The committee decides whether the candidate shall pass, fail, or fail with the option to repeat the oral examination at a later date. Students may not take the oral examination more than twice. The second examination must be held no less than one and no more than two semesters following the date of the first examination. Summer session may be counted as a semester under this procedure, but students should be aware of the difficulties involved in assembling faculty committees during the summer.
Thesis candidates must demonstrate competence in one foreign language or in quantitative methods as applied to historical study. Candidates shall demonstrate foreign language competence by translating, with the use of a dictionary, 500 words in one hour. A member of the history faculty will conduct this examination. That faculty member will choose the test for translation. Candidates shall demonstrate quantitative methods competence by satisfactory completion of either Psychological Statistics 2201 or Sociological Statistics 3220, or their equivalent.
2) Research Paper Option-36 hours total
To complete this option, the candidate must complete two 5-credit-hour seminars (each consisting of a 6000) level reading seminar plus 2 credit hours of supplementary work on a substantial research paper), in addition to the core. The candidate may choose a fourth field in addition to the three already represented in the core to complete this option.
Master of Arts in History (Museum Studies) and Graduate Certificate
in Museum Studies
These options are intended for students planning to pursue professional careers in museums. In addition to the core requirement of substantive courses in history, the Museum Studies program includes intensive training in the theory and practice of museology. This innovative program is a collaboration between the Department of History, Department of Anthropology, Department of Art and Art History, the Missouri Historical Society and the St. Louis Mercantile Library. It is taught by a combination of professors and practicing professionals from St. Louis-area museums. Recognizing that the museums field is in a period of rapid change, the program is designed to train students for leadership in the emergence of a new paradigm of museology that focuses on relationships between museums and the people and communities that they serve.
For most students this will be a terminal master of arts degree, fully preparing graduates for immediate entry into museum careers in a variety of positions. While the core requirement focuses on history studies, the museological training is applicable to employment in any type of museum.
Admission Requirements
Applicants wishing to enter the Museum Studies concentration must apply specifically for that concentration; successful application for the general M.A. program in history does not automatically provide access to the museum studies program. Applications for the museum studies concentration will be accepted only for the fall semester. Because of the prescribed sequence of course work, no midyear entry into the program will be allowed.
In addition to the general criteria of the Graduate School, applicants for the Museum Studies concentration must meet several additional criteria of the Department of History and the museum studies program. Applicants' undergraduate studies need not have been in history, but they must demonstrate high academic potential. Normally, the history department admits only students with a 3.2 grade point average in their undergraduate major; most successful applicants have higher grades. Applicants must submit three letters of recommendation, preferably from former teachers and/or employers, and a sample of their written work. The sample may or may not be academic work, and length is not a consideration. Besides these departmental requirements, applicants must submit the Museum Studies Supplemental Application. The supplemental application includes a statement of intent for pursuit of a museum career.
The departmental Graduate Committee and the director of the museum studies program will base their admissions decisions upon the undergraduate transcript, the letters of recommendation and the sample of written work.
Applications for the museum studies program must be received by the university no later than March 1.
Museum Studies Curriculum--39 hours total
All candidates for the M. A. in History with a Concentration in Museum Studies must complete HIST 6134, 6135, 6136, and 6137. These courses are cross listed under the same numbers in the Anthropology Department and the Art and Art History Department. Students may enroll through the department of their choice. All candidates must also complete Art 5588 Museum Education and Visitor Research and Anthr 6139 Practicum in Exhibit and Program Development. Together, these courses provide a solid foundation in the theory and history of museology and in practical skills for museum work. As a final requirement, candidates must complete Hist or Anthr or AH 6138. This exit project will be the capstone demonstration of competence in museum studies. The specific nature of this demonstration will be customized to the interests and career aspirations of each student. It may take the form of a traditional thesis, an exhibit project, or some other appropriate form, as approved in advance by the candidate's advisory committee.
In addition to these requirements, all candidates must complete 15 hours of elective history course work, with no more than 6 hours of history at the 3000 level except HIST 4004. Museum Studies students will take courses distributed in any proportion between the fields of "United States to 1865" and "United States Since 1865." Exceptions to this requirement (e.g., selections of courses from another field, such as European or African history) must be approved in advance by both the director of the Museum Studies Program and the graduate coordinator of the History Department.
Graduate Certificate in Museum Studies (19 hours)
A very limited number of slots may be available for students who wish to pursue only the Graduate Certificate in Museum Studies without seeking the M.A. in History. In most cases, these will be students who already hold an advanced degree and are currently working or planning to work in a museum but who have had no formal training in museum studies. Candidates for the Graduate Certificate must complete HIST 6135, 6136, 6137, and 6138, ART HS 5588, and Anthr 6139. Contact the director of the Museum Studies Program for availability of slots in this option and for special application procedures.
Career Outlook for B. A. and M. A. graduates
An important rationale for the discipline of history is its centrality to the university curriculum and to the life experience. The ability to put events or developments into the context of the past is useful as well as pleasurable. Responses to a questionnaire sent to history graduates have indicated that alumni in a wide variety of fields are as conscious of and appreciative of their training in history as those who have chosen it as a profession. Men and women in business, lawyers, bankers, librarians, and foreign service officers have all found it relevant to their careers. Study and research in history sharpens organizational and writing skills important to success in business and the legal profession. A growing interest in local history has created employment opportunities in museum, archival, and preservation work.
Career Outlook for M. A. with Concentration in Museum Studies
There are more than 8,000 museums in the United States. History museums constitute more than half of that total, and employ approximately one-third of the 150,000 paid staff working in U. S. museums. While job requirements vary widely among individual museums and specific professional roles, the M.A. degree offered by this program qualifies graduates for a wide range of career opportunities, in history museums and in other types of museums as well. The Museum Studies Program provides students with placement assistance and counseling and with access to a wide range of information on career opportunities in the field, and program faculty use their extensive networks in the field to help identify opportunities and to place students.


text:
NWSB Editor and Insider Chris Anderson talks about the penalties levied against the Oregon Ducks football program this morning. While there are other penalties such as public reprimand and censure and other minor sanctions that have more to do with using the same recruiting services, the big news on Wednesday morning was that the Ducks will still be bowl eligible. That's right, Oregon fans, you can take a nice deep breath, exhale, and realize that your team is destined for greatness.
Mild Surprise? Oregon remains bowl eligible
June 26, 2013 By


text:
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Patrick Kane learned of his grandfather's death shortly before game time, and he handled the pain in the only way he could imagine.
By playing his heavy heart out.
Kane had two goals and an assist, Nick Leddy had a goal and an assist, and the Chicago Blackhawks snapped their recent slump with a 5-3 victory over the struggling Los Angeles Kings on Monday night.
After scoring goals early and late in his first three-point game since Dec. 28, Kane choked up in the dressing room while thinking about his grandfather, Donald, who lived next door during his childhood in Buffalo.
"Just a tough day overall," Kane said. "He was one of my great friends growing up. Just a really sad day. It was important to get the win, but any time you get someone taken away from you that's so close to you, means so much, it's tough to hear that right before the game, for sure."
Kane pointed skyward after his first goal 1:02 into the game, coming out of the corner and beating U.S. Olympic teammate Jonathan Quick during a power play.
"You think about it a couple of times on the bench, but I was just trying to focus on the game tonight," Kane said. "Just play well for him, I guess."
Chicago coach Joel Quenneville didn't learn about Kane's extra burden until early in the game. Kane's teammates praised him for his poise while mourning his loss.
"He's a proud guy, and I think his grandfather meant a lot to him," Quenneville said. "It was probably an emotional night for him, but he played an unbelievable game."
Kane had plenty of help.
Marcus Kruger scored the tiebreaking goal on a double deflection in the second period for the defending Stanley Cup champions. Bryan Bickell also scored and Corey Crawford made 31 saves as Chicago swept the three-game season series between last season's Western Conference finalists.
Kane warmed up for Sochi with his first multigoal game since Dec. 14, while Canadian Olympic counterparts Patrick Sharp and captain Jonathan Toews picked up two assists apiece for the Blackhawks, who had lost five of six. Leddy contributed his first goal and first multipoint game since Dec. 23.
With Chicago's victory and Anaheim's loss to Columbus, the Blackhawks pulled within three points of the Ducks for the overall NHL lead.
Anze Kopitar had a goal and two assists in Los Angeles' highest-scoring performance since Jan. 21. Drew Doughty and Tyler Toffoli also scored, and Jonathan Quick stopped 25 shots in the Kings' ninth loss in 10 games.
"Tonight, energy-wise I think, was our best night in a while," Kings captain Dustin Brown said. "We've got to just keep plugging along. I know it's a broken record, but we're not going to get out of it by doing anything different. … There's definitely frustration. If you're not frustrated in this room, there's something wrong with you."
Although the Kings scored more than one goal for the first time in seven games, it wasn't enough to beat the NHL's highest-scoring team, which had lost two of three on its six-game road trip heading into the Olympic break. Los Angeles had scored just three total goals in the last six games heading into this meeting of the NHL's last two champs.
"I think that we have a couple of guys that are frustrated with their own games," Kings coach Darryl Sutter said. "They're having a hard time right now, whether it's the schedule or just where they're at with their own games. That's something they need to deal with themselves, for sure."
The Kings got off to a horrific start yet again: Kane scored after Doughty took a charging penalty 24 seconds after the opening faceoff.
Bickell then scored on a slick pass from Kane, but Doughty kept it close with his eighth goal on a one-timer moments later. His goal was the first by any Kings player except Kopitar in nearly two weeks.
Kopitar evened it with a flip of a bouncing puck on a 3-on-1 rush, for his 17th goal, but Chicago went back ahead when Leddy's shot from the point deflected off Kruger's blade and smacked Kings defenseman Matt Greene's stick, popping over Quick's shoulder.
After Leddy scored with 12:59 to play, Sharp set up Kane's second goal moments later.
NOTES: Quick has started 15 of the Kings' 16 games since he returned from a seven-week injury absence. … Toffoli's late goal was his 10th of the season — and first since Dec. 19. … The Kings scratched F Jordan Nolan, and Matt Frattin returned to the lineup after sitting out the past four games.
(© 2014 by STATS LLC and Associated Press. Any commercial use or distribution without the express written consent of STATS LLC and Associated Press is strictly prohibited.)


text:
Line release
Flannels, shearling jackets, polos and flares. Few things gets us more excited than the release of a brand new collection. We just showed Fall/Winter 16 for the first time and really want to give you a quick look at it.
For this season we are going for a contemporary denim based reinvention of the late 90s. It's expressive and minimalistic with an added street vibe for eternal freshness.
Brilliant years!"
Photos by Philip Liljenberg


text:
About Us
On Stage
Box Office
Contact Us
Click here
to browse
the Chromolume Theatre Store!
Click here
to see the answers
to frequently asked questions!
Click here
audition information
Copyright © 2002-2017.
(323) 510-2688
Where are you located?
We are located at 5429 W. Washington Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90016. We are managing the Attic Theatre & Film Center.
What time should I arrive at the theatre?
Generally speaking, it is best to arrive at the theatre roughly 15-30 minutes before your performance.
Does the theatre have wheelchair access?
Can my child/baby attend the theatre?/Is the show appropriate for children?
It is Chromolume Theatre's policy that no babies in arms may be allowed to attend. Further, we do not permit children under the age of four (4) to attend. This is to ensure that all customers enjoy the show. Young children are admitted but are not encouraged to attend unless the parent is confident the child will not distract other members of the audience. Everyone must have a valid ticket and occupy a seat. Accompanying adults will be asked to remove any noisy children. Generally, Chromolume Theatre produced productions are appropriate for school age children, while visiting productions can vary in appropriateness. Regardless, you should probably check with the Box Office when you order your tickets whether the production you are attending is appropriate for your child.
Are your actors professional?
In most cases, yes. Most, if not all, of the actors who perform in our shows are members of
Actors Equity Association
Screen Actors Guild
American Federation of Television and Radio Artists
Do your musicals have live musicians or taped accompaniment?
All of Chromolume Theatre's produced musicals include a single piano, or a small orchestra, usually five pieces. We do not use taped accompaniment at any of our performances. Any visiting production may use taped accompaniment.
Whom do I contact to usher for one of your performances?
If you wish to usher for one of our performances, contact our
House Manager
How can I purchase tickets for one of your productions?
There are three ways to purchase tickets for Chromolume Theatre produced performances (please note that visiting productions' methods may vary):
Purchase them
through our secure server
Purchase them in person at the Box Office
Purchase them over the telephone by calling (323) 510-2688 x705
Where do I pick up my tickets?
You can pick them up at the Box Office on the date of your performance.
Where is the Box Office located?
The Box Office is located immediately as you enter the theatre, to your right. The Box Office is open
one hour
prior to performance.
What type of music does Chromolume Radio play?
As we are a theatre company dedicated to presenting intimate experiences of the American Musical, our music is almost exclusively showtunes. The notable exceptions are music written for movies and/or TV by musical theatre composers.
Who do I contact if I have a question about advertising on your radio station?
You would contact our Advertising department by sending them an email at
with "Radio" in the subject field. For our list of current rates, please check our
Advertising Page
available on this website.
When are auditions for your performances?
Audition dates and times vary depending on the production. You can browse our
Audition Page
to check out when an upcoming audition is occurring and what to prepare for said audition.
Do you do only do musicals?
Chromolume Theatre's production productions are not only musicals. Occasionally, we will produce a play or a play with music. Visiting productions can vary anywhere between performance art to fully staged musicals.
Where can I find rental information?
To rent our theatre or to find out more information, you can check our
Rental Page
or call us at (323) 510-2688.
Chromolume Theatre does not currently have any auditions scheduled.


text:
Contact Us
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Add: Area B, 4/F, Building A, Chaxi Xiaweiyuan Industrial Area, Gushu Community, Xixiang Street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
mens work trousers with pockets
Custom Mens Cotton Work Utility Cargo Safety Vest with PocketsWhen it comes to hand tools and all sorts of consumables used on a construction site or carpentry job
Heavy Duty Breathable Fluorescent Waterproof Safety Work Trouser with Knee PadsLeg pocket with phone compartment and flap on right side and this rain pant has adjustable waist, side pockets, Leg zipper and Internal kneepad pockets.
Man's Best Reversible Black Lightweight Comfortable Work Down VestAnd it is made from lightweight fabricthat makes you feel extremely comfortable and warm to work in cold weather.
Mens Cotton Comfortable Navy Blue Reflective Work PantsThis useful cargo trouser is 100% cotton 230-240gsm; 3M reflective tape makes the people in the distance find you and avoid unintentional injury;
Mens Hi Vis Breathable Work Trousers Black Work TrousersThis navy blue polyester cotton trouser's waistband, pockets and cuffs are reinforced for long wear.
Mens Durable Polyester Cotton High Vis Black Work Trousers with 3M Reflective TapeThis cheap polyester cotton reflective trouser have two side pockets, two patch back pocket and two leg patch pocket with flap and pen pocket.
Men's Fluorescent Red Waterproof Insulated Work Trouser with Reflective TapeWaterproof warm pants have reinforced knees with pockets for knee pads, waist with belt loops, leg adjusted by zipper and velcro.
Mens High Visibility Cotton Cheap Black Lightweight Safety Work TrousersThis black comfortable cargo pants is 100% cotton 230-240gsm; if you need repetitive crouching, kneeling
Mens Winter High Visibility Waterproof Safety Work Trousers with Knee PadsErgonomic fit with reinforced knees, removable suspenders and tool pockets, adjustable leg length and fly with zipper
Hi Vis Waterproof Construction Work Trouser with Reflective TapeThis Rain pants is 100% polyester 300D oxford with waterproof and breathable 5000mm/5000mvp;


text:
UN accuses Congo rebels of murdering civilians
GOMA, Congo (AP) — The United Nations says the M23 rebels in Congo have been conducting regular search operations in which civilians have been murdered.
U.N. mission spokesman Col. Felix Basse said Wednesday that the M23 has mounted regular operations involving arbitrary arrests, murders and harassment of civilians. He said that at least 26 farmers had been executed between June 16 and 19 in the localities of Busanza and Jomba. The statement is among the strongest that has been made by the U.N. against the rebels.
M23 spokesman Kabashi Amani dismissed the accusations as lies.
The M23 rebels reignited Congo's dormant war in the east last fall, overrunning the strategically important city of Goma. Peace talks with the government have started and stopped numerous times since their withdrawal from the city limits last November.


text:
The "mini" food craze is here to stay! From sliders and french fry "shooters" to mini tomato soup and grilled cheese bites, these smaller fares are perfect for cocktail hour, wedding receptions, tapas parties, and more. Simply turn your favorite dishes into smaller versions for crowd-pleasing hors d'oeuvres!
Try this slider recipe with chipotle mayo, but be aware – you'll want to have plenty because they're delicious! Try setting up a SLIDER BAR with all the fixin's so your guests can create their own.
Slider Recipe (makes 20 sliders)
- 3 ounces (6 tablespoons) unsalted butter, softened
- 2 to 3 shallots, minced
- 2 tablespoons water
- Coarse salt and freshly ground pepper
- 2 pounds ground sirloin
- 20 round dill pickle slices
- 20 slices (2-inch square) white cheese, any type
- 20 soft dinner rolls, split and toasted
- 20 small lettuce leaves, any type, for serving
- 3 Roma or plum tomatoes, thinly sliced crosswise, for serving
- Condiments, such as ketchup, mayonnaise, and mustard, for serving
- Melt 4 tablespoons butter in a small pan. Add shallots, and cook until softened, about 1 1/2 minutes. Stir in water, and season with salt and pepper.
- Form 20 patties using 2 tablespoons ground sirloin for each. Place on a rimmed baking sheet, and coat patties with remaining 2 tablespoons butter. Press a pickle slice into each patty (refrigerate for up to 2 hours).
- Preheat broiler. Season patties with salt and pepper. Broil for 4 to 5 minutes. Top burgers with cheese during final 30 seconds.
- Spread shallot butter on bottom half of each roll, then top with 1 burger. Sandwich with top half of roll, and serve with lettuce, tomatoes, ketchup, mayonnaise, and mustard.
- 1/2 cup mayonnaise
- 2 chipotle chilies in adobo sauce
- 1 tablespoon adobo sauce from chipotle peppers
In a food processor, combine the mayonnaise, chipotle chilies, and adobo sauce. Pulse until smooth and well blended.
Image via The Breakers Wedding Blog