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Division of Educational Psychology, Research and Evaluation Home Page
Matthew W. Keefer, Associate Professor and Chair
Ph.D., University of Toronto
Wolfgang Althof, Theresa Fischer Endowed Professor of Citizenship Education,
Dr. Phil., University of Fribourg and Dr. Phil. Habil, Carl-Von-Ossietzky
Marvin W. Berkowitz, Sanford N. McDonnell Professor of Character Education
Ph.D., Wayne State University
Thomas E. Jordan, Curator's Professor of Child Development, Professor Emeritus
Ed.D., Indiana University
William L. Franzen, Professor , Dean Emeritus
Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Michael W. Bahr, Associate Professor
Ph.D., Indiana University
Margaret W. Cohen, Associate Professor, Associate Provost Academic Affairs, Director, Center Teaching and Learning
Ph.D., Washington University
Cody S. Ding, Associate Professor
Ph.D., University of Minnesota
Lisa M. Dorner, Assistant Professor
Ph.D., Northwestern University
Natalie Bolton, Assistant Professor
Ph.D., University of Louisville
Clark J. Hickman, Associate Research Professor and Associate Dean for Continuing Education Ed.D., University of Missouri-St. Louis
Donald A. Gouwens, Associate Clinical Professor
Psy.D., Central Michigan University
General Information
Faculty in the Division of Educational Psychology, Research, and are housed on the fourth floor of Marillac Hall. Information about course offerings may be obtained in the division office, 402 Marillac Hall.
At the undergraduate level, the division coordinates Educational psychology and measurement courses required in the various B.S. in Education degree programs.
At the graduate level, the division offers courses in Educational psychology and in Educational research and evaluation methods required in the various M.Ed. degree programs and in the doctoral programs. Students choosing to pursue a Ph.D. in Education may elect an emphasis in Educational psychology. The Missouri certificate in school psychology is coordinated through this division.
Educational Specialist in School Psychology
The Educational Specialist in School Psychology (Ed.S.) degree program at the University of Missouri-St. Louis is a National Association of School Psychologists- approved training program that prepares future school psychologists as data-based problem solvers. Particular attention throughout the program is placed upon interventions and educational outcomes within a cognitive-behavioral theoretical perspective. The program promotes a unique set of professional values through its emphasis on:
• Data-based decision making
• Educational and psychological treatment outcomes
• Multicultural diversity
• Program development and evaluation
• Facilitation of organization change
The UMSL Ed.S. in School Psychology degree is designed to prepare future school psychologists practitioners to work in school settings. Graduates of the program are immediately eligible for School Psychologist Certification from the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education and the Nationally Certified School Psychologist credential from the National Association of School Psychologists.
Student Learning Outcomes
The following outcomes guide the training and preparation of our Ed.S. in School Psychology degree candidates.
- Data-Based Decision Making
Ed S. candidates will acquire knowledge of a variety of assessment models and methods that enable them to develop expertise in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data for the purpose of making recommendations to improve the academic performance and/or social-emotional development of children and adolescents with whom they work.
- Educational and Psychological Treatment Outcomes
Ed S. candidates will gain knowledge of and develop skills associated with a wide-range of educational and psychological interventions treatments to promote academic performance and social-emotional behavior.
- Program Development and Evaluation
Ed S. candidates will gain knowledge and skills of a variety of interventions and research methodologies that enable them to develop, implement, and evaluate school-based programs designed for children and adolescents.
- Multicultural Diversity
Ed S. candidates will acquire knowledge of identity development that facilitates the development of skills to work with a students and families from diverse groups, thereby engaging in culturally-competent practice.
- Facilitation of Organizational Change
Ed S. candidates will acquire an understanding of the complexity of educational systems and the role school psychologists can play to promote systemic changes and improve services for children and adolescents.
The Ed. S. in School Psychology degree program consists of 60 hours of graduate coursework that includes coursework in psychological and educational foundations, psychoeducational assessment, and direct and indirect service delivery. Prevention and early intervention of academic, behavioral, and social-emotional problems through consultation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and systems-level interventions are highlighted throughout the program. The Ed.S. degree is a small cohort program that utilizes close relationships with faculty and field-based practitioners to develop professional skills.
Admission requirements include a 3.0 undergraduate GPA, current GRE scores Verbal, Quantitative and Analytical Writing scores at or above the 50th percentile, three letters of recommendation, a personal statement describing personal goals (not to exceed five double-spaced typed pages. Following initial screening the finalist will be invited for an on campus interview with the school psychology program faculty and Ed.S. candidates. Prerequisite coursework in developmental psychology and statistics is required for admission. All required application materials will be considered equally when making admission decisions. Applications are reviewed with a February 15 deadline.
Transfer credit may be granted for graduate coursework completed prior to entering the program, but strict limitations apply. The Ed.S. in School Psychology degree program involves a minimum of three years of intensive study. Although it is possible to complete the first year of the curriculum on a part-time basis, please note that practicum during the second year involves two days per week working in a school with a school psychologist, and internship is a yearlong fulltime supervised experience. Consequently, fulltime study is recommended and preferred.
Educational Specialist in School Psychology (Ed..S.)
Fall I
ED PSY 6530, Foundations of School Psychology
ED PSY 6532, Psychoeducational Differences
ED PSY 6545, Consultation in Schools and Related Settings
ED REM 6750, Advanced Research Design in Education
Spring I
ED PSY 6310, Psychology of Learning Processes
ED PSY 6550, Professional Issues in School Psychology
ED REM 6718, Psychoeducational Assessment and Intervention
ED REM 7771, Quantitative Research Methods I
Summer I
CNS ED 6010, Theories of Counseling
ED PSY 6210, Life Span: Individual and Family Development
Fall II
ED PSY 6536, Biological Bases of Behavior
ED PSY 6540, Psychoeducational Interventions
ED PSY 6590, School Psychology Practicum I
ED REM 6719, Advanced Psychoeducational Assessment and Intervention
Spring II
CNS ED 6030, Foundations for Multicultural Counseling
ED PSY 6542, Psychotherapeutic Interventions in School Psychology
ED PSY 6591, School Psychology Practicum II
ED REM 6730, Educational Program Evaluation
Fall III
ED PSY 6598, School Psychology Internship I
Spring III
ED PSY 6599, School Psychology Internship II
In addition to completion of the 60-hour curriculum listed above, candidates for the Ed.S. in School Psychology degree must receive passing scores on the following programmatic assessments: Praxis II School Psychologist Examination, Problem-Solving Case Study, and School Psychology Portfolio.
Graduate Certificate in Program Evaluation and Assessment in Education
The graduate Certificate in Program Evaluation and Assessment in Education provides specialized study in the theory and practice of program evaluation and assessment. The program will build on the content area knowledge base of the individual's bachelors and masters degree. The focus of the Program Evaluation and Assessment in Education certificate will be on the skills delineated in the standards and guidelines of the American Evaluation Association and the Joint Committee on Standards in Educational Evaluation. The certificate will consist of 30 hours of core courses and internship experiences. Graduate credits earned in equivalent courses in Education or related Social Science disciplines may meet some of these requirements. ED REM 6710 Educational Research Methods and Design or its equivalent is prerequisite to all the courses in the Research Methods and Statistics focus area.
Program Evaluation (12 credit hours)
ED REM 6730 Educational Program Evaluation (3)
ED REM 6732 Advanced Theory and Practice in Program Evaluation (3)
ED REM 6990 Internship (6)
Testing and Measurement (9 credit hours)
ED REM 6707 Classroom Measurement and Evaluation (3)
ED REM 6709 Educational and Psychological Testing (3)
ED REM 7711 Advanced Test Theory in Education (3)
Research Methods and Statistics (9 credit hours)
ED REM 6712 Survey Research Methods in Education (3)
ED REM 7771 Quantitative Research Methods I (3)
ED REM 7781 Qualitative Methods in Educational Research I (3)
Course Descriptions
Courses in this section are grouped as follows: Educational Psychology (ED PSY) and Educational Research and Evaluation Methods (ED REM)
Educational Psychology (ED PSY)
ED PSY 2212 Introduction to Learners and Learning (3)
Same as TCH ED 2212. Prerequisite: PSYCH 1003. This course examines, discusses and applies theories on infant, child, and adolescent development; examines student growth in various domains, including cognitive, linguistic, physical, and socio-emotional; and analyzes how different cultural contexts affect learning. Through readings, in-class activities, and field assignments outside of class time, students will consider how to apply these theories to create appropriate learning environments.
ED PSY 3312 Psychology of Teaching and Learning (3)
Same as TCH ED 3312. Prerequisites: TCH ED 2209, TCH ED PSY 2212 or equivalents and admission to Teacher Education program. Application of educational psychology principles and research to the study of teaching and how learning occurs. Students will study and apply cognitive approaches to student learning, and will design and conduct assessments based on these approaches as part of a case study. Field assignments outside of class hours required
ED PSY 6030 Instruction, Learning and Assessment (3)
Same as TCH ED 6030. Prerequisite: Admission into Graduate School. Uses learning as the basis for the design of classroom instruction. By applying learning theories, teachers can improve their own unit development, lessons plans, assessment strategies, and the use of technology for effective teaching. Deals with the impact of cognitive Educational research on the subject content and what is known about how people learn. Teachers will learn to critically evaluate and improve their own Educational practices, design principled and appropriate assessments based on their instructional goals, and to assess their own professional development.
ED PSY 6109 Learning & Development in Secondary School Settings (4)
Prerequisites: Graduate standing and admission to the secondary teacher Education program. Investigation of teaching and learning theories and research on the developmental needs of pre-adolescent and adolescent students. Issues of cognition, moral and social development, motivation, and assessment will be analyzed and debated. Emphasis will be on theoretical and practical approaches to constructing and analyzing a learning system. Includes field experiences.
ED PSY 6111 Psychology of Education (3)
Current psychological theories and research that guide inquiry and decision making in Education. Topics surveyed include behavior, development, learning, instruction.
ED PSY 6113 Psychopathology and Diagnosis (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate standing. Covers etiology, assessment and diagnosis of mental disorders using contemporary diagnostic systems. Course materials and assignment address the dynamics of adjustment and treatment implications for counselors, school psychologists, and others in the helping professions.
ED PSY 6115 Personality and Social Development (3)
A foundational course integrating major theoretical perspectives on personality and social development. Emphasis is on the dynamic interplay of social influences on personality development and personality influences on social processes. Particular consideration is given to the impact of social contexts, including the school, on development.
ED PSY 6210 Life-Span: Individual and Family Development (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate standing. Critical analysis of theories of human development including readings from empirical research and cross-cultural comparisons focusing on strategies to enhance developmental outcomes through relationship and environmental opportunity.
ED PSY 6215 Psychology of Early Childhood Development (3)
Prerequisite: ED PSY 6111 or consent of instructor. A survey of the theories, concepts, and research which inform the field of early childhood development to help caregivers and teachers understand the cognitive, social, and emotional changes that take place from birth through the primary years of schooling.
ED PSY 6217 Foundations of Citizenship Education (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate standing. Introduction to citizenship Education providing a range of knowledge of civic participation, concepts of democracy, the democratic purposes of Education, and the developmental of civic identity and political thinking, attitudes, and engagement. Comparison of historical and contemporary approaches to democratic citizenship
ED PSY 6218 Coaching Sports for Character (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate Standing. Interdisciplinary examination of relevant theory, research and pedagogical practices related to character development through sports. Drawing from both academic and professional.
ED PSY 6220 Psychology of the Elementary School Child (3)
Prerequisite: ED PSY 6111 or consent of instructor. Current research on the psychological changes which occur during the school age years of childhood. Includes attention to how development proceeds and to the processes that may alter its progress.
ED PSY 6225 The Psychology of Adolescence (3)
Prerequisite: ED PSY 6111 or consent of instructor. Current research on the psychological changes which occur during adolescence. Attention is paid to the family, school, peer groups, and contemporary settings that practitioners must understand to help young people meet the psychosocial challenges of adolescence.
ED PSY 6310 Psychology of Learning Processes (3)
Prerequisite: ED PSY 6111. Advanced study of learning and instructional theories. The historical and theoretical bases of instructional practice are examined
ED PSY 6404 Seminar (1-10)
ED PSY 6417 Current Perspectives on Citizenship Education (3)
Prerequisite: ED PSY 6217. Seminar extends students' understanding of theory and research in citizenship Education by applying it to practical programs in the US and abroad. Analysis of assumptions underlying methods of citizenship Education and its goals. Exploration of research on methods that promote, facilitate, or inhibit civic participation and citizenship competence.
ED PSY 6440 Moral Development and Education (3)
Prerequisites: ED PSY 6210 or ED PSY 6220 or ED PSY 6225 or consent of the instructor. An introduction and overview of moral psychology and its implications for creating learning environments. Questions of human morality are by nature cross-disciplinary, and readings and discussions will involve questions of epistemology, human nature, conceptions of "the good life," evidence for the malleability of human development, and research regarding the foundation, nature, and complexity of moral development.
ED PSY 6444 Cognition and Technology (3)
Same as ED TECH 6444. Prerequisite: ED PSY 6111 or consent of instructor. Examines cognitive theories and computer-based tools for learning. Students will gain a critical understanding of the relationship between the design of technological tools, the use of those tools in Educational settings, and their implications for learning.
ED PSY 6445 Character Education and Development (3)
Prerequisites: ED PSY 6111 and ED PSY 6220 or ED PSY 6225. Critical survey of theories of character development and models for character Education in childhood and adolescence. Includes empirical and conceptual study of the nature of moral character, how it develops, and how it can be fostered in schools.
ED PSY 6448 Technology-Supported Inquiry Learning (3)
Same as ED TECH 6448. Prerequisites: ED TECH 5340 & ED PSY 6310, or consent of instructor. Educational technology such as networked computers and software can play a supportive role in inquiry-based learning. Students will explore the theoretical background, design issues, and pragmatic realities of technology-supported inquiry learning environments. Such learning environments are best understood as systems involving social, cultural, material and psychological aspects. Consideration will be given to the important properties of settings, activities and technologies, as well as to the role of instructors.
ED PSY 6450 Advanced Methods in Character Education (3)
Prerequisite: ED PSY 6445. Advanced exploration of methods for promoting character development in schools: class meetings, democratic processes, cross-age learning and character curriculum development. Methods will be critically examined for their empirical and theoretical justifications.
ED PSY 6497 Problems (1-10)
ED PSY 6530 Foundations of School Psychology (3)
Prerequisite: Admission to the School of Psychology Program or consent of instructor. Examines the professional roles, responsibilities, and functions of psychologists in schools. Focuses on educational foundations of school psychology including the history of the profession, organization and operation of schools, and emergent technologies.
ED PSY 6532 Psychoeducational Differences (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate standing. Examination of classification systems used with children and adolescents in the diagnosis and treatment of Educational and physical disabilities, mental disorders, and other developmental challenges.
ED PSY 6536 Biological Bases of Behavior (3)
Prerequisite: Admission to the School of Psychology Program or consent of instructor. Examination of biological factors affecting human behavior. Includes an overview of neuroscience, developmental psychophysiology, and basic psychopharmacology. Implications for psychological and Educational interventions are considered.
ED PSY 6540 Psychoeducational Interventions (3)
Prerequisite: Grade of B or better in ED REM 6718 or consent of instructor. Examines academic and instructional interventions, both preventive and remedial, that are delivered in schools and related settings with children and adolescents. Emphasizes linking assessment and intervention via use of direct and indirect service delivery.
ED PSY 6542 Psychotherapeutic Interventions in School Psychology (3)
Prerequisites: Grade of B or better in ED PSY 6540 and ED REM 6719 or consent of instructor. Instruction and practice developing and implementing intervention plans for common social, emotional, and behavior problems found in schools and related settings. Special emphasis on prevention and early intervention within a systems perspective.
ED PSY 6545 Consultation in Schools and Related Settings (3)
Prerequisite: Admission to the School Psychology or Special Education Program, or consent of instructor. Examines the theories, research, and legal/ethical issues related to consultation in schools and related settings. Emphasis on understanding the process of consultation using a problem-solving approach. Includes instruction in interviewing, observation, and development and evaluation of interventions.
ED PSY 6550 Professional Issues in School Psychology (3)
Prerequisite: Grade of B or better in ED PSY 6530 or consent of instructor. Advanced examination of professional issues facing school psychologists including legal and ethical considerations, standards of practice, models of service delivery, and emergent technologies.
ED PSY 6590 School Psychology Practicum I (3)
Prerequisites: Grade of B or better in ED PSY 6550 and ED REM 6718. Introductory supervised experience in psychoeducational assessment and interventions for academic and behavior problems in schools and related settings. Settings and responsibilities determined in consultation with program faculty and site supervisor.
ED PSY 6591 School Psychology Practicum II (3)
Prerequisite: Grade of B or better in ED PSY 6590. Advanced supervised experience in consultation, problem solving, psychoeducational assessment and interventions for academic and behavior problems in schools and related settings. Settings and responsibilities determined in consultation with program faculty and site supervisor.
ED PSY 6598 School Psychology Internship I (3)
Prerequisite: Grade of B or better in ED PSY 6591. Supervised field-based placement in an approved school or educational setting under the supervision of an appropriately credential school psychologist. Course is eligible for grade equivalency credit.
ED PSY 6599 School Psychology Internship II (3)
Prerequisite: Grade of B or better in ED PSY 6598. Advanced supervised field-based placement in an approved school or educational setting under the supervision of an appropriately credentialed school psychologist. Course is eligible for graduate equivalency credit.
ED PSY 6990 Internship (1-10)
Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Closely supervised experience in a field setting under the direction of a graduate faculty member. An appropriate level of competence and evidence of growth in the professional role must be demonstrated by the intern. The internship will include planning, research, evaluation, and related professional activities.
ED PSY 7640 Changing Perspectives in Educational Psychology (3)
Prerequisites: ED PSY 6111 and doctoral standing or consent of instructor. The advanced exploration of foundational issues in Educational psychology. Topics include theoretical perspectives of modes analysis used in the investigation of psychological theories and concepts in Education.
ED PSY 7647 Teaching for Learning in the Univ. (3)
Prerequisites: Graduate standing and consent of the instructor. An examination of current research in learning, motivation, and assessment as it pertains to teaching and learning in post-secondary settings. Designed to guide graduate students to promote active and meaningful learning in college classrooms to develop college students' critical thinking skills. Graduate students across the disciplines may enroll.
Educational Research and Evaluation Methods (ED REM)
ED REM 3721 Psychoeducational Assessment and Evaluation (3)
Review of measurement concepts and use of psychoeducational assessment data gathered via interview, observation, norm-referenced, and curriculum-based assessment methods. Special emphasis on progress monitoring and data-based decision making.
ED REM 6040 Educational Research for Teachers (3)
Prerequisites: TCH ED 6010 and TCH ED 6020. This course provides the knowledge, skills, and practice for experienced practitioners to engage reflectively in a process of systematic study of their own practice with Educational systems and situated contexts. Educators will learn both analytic and practical tools to document multiple factors that can impact student learning and become more sophisticated consumers of research in order to engage in student advocacy and influence policy decision-making.
ED REM 6497 Problems (1-10)
Prerequisites: At least one previous ED REM course and consent of course supervisor. Individual study on topics pertaining to Educational measurement, evaluation, statistics, and research design.
ED REM 6707 Classroom Measurement and Evaluation (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate admission or consent of instructor. An introductory graduate course to classroom testing and evaluation. Topic areas include comparison of criterion-and norm-, validity and associated descriptive statistics; derived referenced theory and technique; classical test theory, reliability and transformed scores; preparation of instructional objectives for use in developing the classroom test; performance evaluations, and portfolio rubrics.
ED REM 6709 Educational and Psychological Measurement (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate admission or consent of instructor. An introductory graduate course in testing and measurement theory: reliability, validity, and associated descriptive statistics; correlation and simple regression; derived and transformed scores; interpretation of test scores; measurement of aptitude, vocational interests, and personal‑social adjustment.
ED REM 6710 Educational Research Methods and Design (3)
Prerequisite: An introductory statistics course or ED REM 6707, or 6709, or consent of instructor. An introductory course in Educational research methodology: comparison of various types of qualitative and quantitative Educational research, threats to internal/external validity, sampling methods, data analysis, and components of research reports.
ED REM 6714 Action Research in Education (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 6710 or consent of instructor. A course that engages the participants in systematic qualitative inquiry into their own practice: framing appropriate questions; gathering and interpreting data; analyzing culture, subjectivity and multiple perspectives; and reporting the results ("telling the story"). Readings will address the methods, politics, and ethics of action research. Enrollment requires access to a field setting.
ED REM 6716 Academic Assessment and Intervention (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate standing. Provides instruction in measurement concepts, interpretation of cognitive ability tests, and use of norm-referenced and curriculum-based assessment techniques in developing academic interventions. Special attention is given to data-based decision making and the links among instruction, assessment, and intervention.
ED REM 6718 Psychoeducational Assessment and Intervention (3)
Prerequisites: Grade of B or better in ED PSY 6530 or CNS ED 6050, or consent of instructor. Reviews measurement concepts and covers administration, scoring, interpretation, and reporting of individually administered tests of academic and cognitive abilities. Special attention is given to the link between assessment and intervention.
ED REM 6719 Advanced Psychoeducational Assessment and Intervention (3)
Prerequisite: Grade of B or better in ED REM 6718 or consent of instructor. Instruction is provided in advanced and specialized assessment, diagnostic, and intervention techniques for individuals with intellectual disabilities, emotional or behavior disorders, and other low incidence disabilities experienced by children and youth.
ED REM 6730 Educational Program Evaluation (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 6750 or consent of instructor. A course on the principles and procedures for assessing the quality and effectiveness of programs, projects, and materials related to planned interventions and system changes in Educational settings.
ED REM 6732 Advanced Theory and Practice in Educational Program Evaluation (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 6730 or consent of the instructor. Extension of the principles, attributes, and practices of program evaluation to contemporary problems and settings. Study will include the comparison of examples of the program evaluation process. Focus will be on adherence to the Program Evaluation Standards endorsed by leading professional research and evaluation associations.
ED REM 6735 Statistical Analysis for Education Research (3)
Prerequisite: Graduate standing. Provides students with a fundamental and intermediate understanding of quantitative methods and their relationship to social science research in Education. This course is designed to provide statistical background to students who will pursue advanced degrees in Education. Students will conduct lab data analysis based on the topics covered in the class and learn how to generate specific research questions and conduct basic statistical analyses.
ED REM 6750 Advanced Research Design in Education (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 6735 or consent of instructor. This course is designed to provide students with a thorough background in the fundamental principles of research design in Education, and the knowledge and skills necessary to design and carry out studies appropriate to a wide variety of research problems. It focuses on tailoring the research design and methodology to most effectively address the problem or issue of concern, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method designs. This is an experiential course designed around active discussion by students each week, and requires each student to develop a detailed research proposal for conducting a study to examine an appropriate Educational research problem.
ED REM 6990 Internship (1-10)
Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Closely supervised experience in a field setting under the direction of a graduate faculty member. An appropriate level of competence and evidence of growth in the professional role must be demonstrated by the intern. The internship will include planning, research, evaluation, and related professional activities.
ED REM 7711 Advanced Test Theory in Education (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 6750. An advanced course in measurement theory and practice: issues of reliability, validity, and item analysis for both criterion and norm referenced tests; introduction to factor analysis in the development and analysis of test structure and validity; introduction to item response theory for the improvement of Educational testing and research.
ED REM 7712 Discourse Analysis in Education (3)
Prerequisite: Admission to a Doctoral Program or Consent of Instructor. The role of language in social life is a paramount concern to educational researchers. The purpose of this course is to introduce students to theories and methods of discourse analysis. Students will become familiar with the methods used in conversation analysis, critical discourse analysis and mediated or multimodal discourse analysis. Topics include transcription theory and practice, the role of context in discourse analysis, the ethics of representation and the place of action in discourse analysis. Students will engage with the theories and methods for analyzing educational interactions such as small-group discussions, education documents, classroom scenes, in-depth interviews, and naturally occurring conversations.
ED REM 7771 Quantitative Research Methods I (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 6735. A second course in advanced Educational research methods sequence, with focus on multiple regression analysis and its applications to educational and psychological research.
ED REM 7772 Quantitative Research Methods II (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 7771 or consent of instructor. An advanced Educational research methods course; multivariate analysis of variance; canonical correlation, discriminant function analysis, factor analysis; cluster analysis, advanced topics in multiple linear regression; and associated research design issues.
ED REM 7773 Quantitative Research Methods III (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 7772. An advanced Educational research methods course using multiple linear regression models, path analysis, and structural equation modeling. Focus is on the theory, issues, and application of these advanced data analysis techniques.
ED REM 7781 Qualitative Methods in Educational Research I (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 6750 or consent of instructor. An introductory qualitative research methods course in Education to develop skill in forming research questions, writing field notes, and collecting, organizing, and analyzing a variety of data. Philosophical and ethical issues in qualitative research are presented.
ED REM 7782 Qualitative Methods in Educational Research II (3)
Prerequisite: ED REM 7781 or consent of instructor. An advanced qualitative Educational research methods course to address the issues of sampling strategies, observational and interview techniques, and data analysis . Requires access to a field setting to conduct a qualitative research study.


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Not sure if this has been discussed (or is already possible) but I would like to have MicroB direct me to mobile versions of websites when on 2g. The desktop versions of websites work great on 3g/wifi but I find 2g to be insufferably slow.
Maybe this could be an enhancement to the user agent switcher plugin?
EDIT: The proposal is to make this a user option, so if you are happy with the desktop versions of some sites at 2g speed you can turn it off.

subset: commoncrawl


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by Bill Pike
(Virginia Beach, VA USA)
Commercial pool total alkalinity vs. pool pH level...
Click here to read or post comments
Return to Swimming Pool pH Level.
eBooks Are Perfect Desktop & Mobile Device!!
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How do I keep the hose from my pool sweep and the floater from colliding? If I tie the float off where is the best place, and one last if the float is tied off.
The calcium hydochlorite will not dissolve in our pool. It is suspended in the water


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The Aspiring Photographer
Pentax Q7
There's lots to like about the Q7 ($500). It fires off five frames per second, records hi-def video, and shoots in Raw, a format that allows for maximum postprocessing. But the Q7's biggest selling point is also its most obvious: it's the smallest interchangeable-lens camera in existence, so they can play pro everywhere they go.
Nikon CoolPix AW110
Start with an element-proof body that can sink 59 feet underwater, survive drops over six feet, and operate down to 14 degrees. Add an impressive array of features, including a 16-megapixel CMOS sensor, Wi-Fi compatibility, and 1080p movie mode with stereo sound. The result: the extremely impressive Coolpix AW100 ($350).
Keizus Quadrapod and Clamp
Someone on your list Instagram obsessed? Up their capabilities with the Quadrapod ($40)—a four-legged pod that can hold the thinnest smartphone or tablet. Because it has multiple leg joints, the Quadrapod bends to level out the most uneven surfaces, making on-trail shooting a cinch.
Timbuk2 Informant Sling
The budding photographer in your family with appreciate the incognito Informant Camera Sling ($119). It looks like a streamlined messenger bag from the outside but the inside is complete with padded, camera-specific cubbies large enough for one camera body, up to four lenses, and an iPad. Bonus: a rain sleeve protects it from the elements.
Canon PowerShot N camera
The PowerShot N ($300) is beefed-up hardware for dedicated Instagrammers. It shoots five-frame sequences and can automatically upload one or all of them to Facebook and other -preselected sites via your smartphone's 4G connection. It captures 12.1--megapixel-images, and the ISO cranks up to 6400, high enough for low light.


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Roger Ailes Doesn't Want Your Stinking Money
Vindictive troll Roger Ailes, who—when he's not busy using corporate security to tail his employees, calling local cops to fish his keys out of his locked car, or overseeing the production of political attack ads disguised as news programming—owns a pair of small-town newspapers in rural Putnam County, N.Y., is an absolute master at real-time reflexive paranoid hysteria. For instance, if you write things about those small-town papers that he doesn't like, he will go through the subscriber rolls, find your name, and cancel your subscription. Attention to detail!
Ailes did just that to New York magazine reporter Gabriel Sherman, who wrote today about a brewing newspaper war in Putnam County, where a rival is stepping up to challenge Ailes' Putnam County News & Recorder (Sherman is also writing a book about Fox News):
[D]espite the increasing competition, the Aileses don't seem to be worried about keeping subscribers. This week, I learned that my PCN&R subscription had been canceled. When I called the paper to ask about it, Cunningham told me that because of my pending book on Roger Ailes and Fox News, "we don't desire to have a relationship with you."
This is not an isolated incident. When I wrote about Ailes' Putnam County papers a year ago, the News & Recorder pulled the same stunt with me. I wrote at the time:
Indeed, if you had any doubt as to how paranoid the Aileses are, or how seriously they take their country papers, consider this: At 11:52 a.m. today, I purchased a digital subscription to the News and Recorder.... At 12:20 p.m., I sent an e-mail to Elizabeth Ailes seeking comment for this story. At 12:56 p.m., I received an e-mail from the News and Recorder informing that my subscription had been canceled.
Elizabeth Ailes never responded to the e-mail seeking comment.
The Aileses are wily people. When Sherman tried to get around the blockade by signing up for another subscription in his wife's name, the gambit failed. They did have the decency not to charge him for either attempt.
[Image via Getty]


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Giardino Gourmet Salads, the fast-casual salad concept founded by Kenny and Ody Lugo in Miami in 2004, has big plans to grow into other markets in 2013, with a new board of directors and investors in place.
The new board offers 90 years of combined experience in restaurant operations, and includes Julio Ramirez, former executive vice president of global operations and former president of the Latin America region for Burger King Corporation.
2012 was a record year for the family-owned Giardino Gourmet Salads, boasting double-digit comparable sales within its chain of eight locations in South Florida.
This includes the development of a new location in Miami's famed Brickell Business District and a brand-wide catering menu that is rolling out early this year.
"We're very excited to have Julio and our board of directors to take our concept to the next level," says Kenny Lugo. "Julio's expertise in franchising and marketing will help us continue our franchising growth and profitability in 2013."
Giardino Gourmet Salads has prided itself on its salad varieties, along with its dressings and croutons, which are made daily in each of the restaurants. As a result, the concepthas solid sales-to-investment ratio with a diverse group of licensees.
"In moving our way through Florida and adjacent states in the Southeast region, our goal is to seek franchise owners that are committed to growing with the brand," Ramirez says. "I invested in this concept because I know it stands out amongst its competitors in this market."
The five times weekly e-newsletter that keeps you up-to-date on the latest industry news and additions to this website.


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Smb4K is an advanced network neighborhood browser for KDE and a frontend
to the programs of the Samba software suite. Its purpose is to provide
a program that's easy to use and has as many features as possible.
Maintained by: Roberto Neri
Keywords: samba,smb,share,browser,kde
ChangeLog: smb4k
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I love discovering new recipes as I'm sure most of my readers do. So if you posted an awesome recipe on your blog this week, link it up here! If you have a recipe to share and you don't have a blog just post it for us in the comments! I'll be hosting this exchange every Tuesday so don't forget to mark your calendars! Here's the rules:
- The link posted must go directly to the recipe or weekly meal plans not to a homepage or a search category. All incorrect submissions will be deleted.
- And please link back to the recipe linky so everyone can join in the fun!
- In your linky please post a pic of the food(or something pretty) and the name of the recipe.
- Link up as many recipes or posts related to food as you like!
Last week's most clicked recipe was this one for Seasoned Potatoes!
Link up gluten free recipes, dessert recipes, main dishes, or any kind of recipes you enjoy and want to share with others!


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DIY Picture Frame
DIY Picture Frame
Hi everyone! Today we are going to show you how to make DIY picture frame from your old scrap wood. This is a pretty easy project. It cost us nothing to make since we had all the scraps in our garage wood storage box (our scraps always become a DIY something 😉 ).
A DIY picture frame is fun, but even better with they can be made with left over craft or wood scraps you just can't toss away. We used all the left over scrap we had from framing our bathroom mirror post which was featured on Bob Vila Nation, wood left from a cabinet build, and tile left over from our tile project in the master bathroom. You can pretty much use anything to make a good DIY picture frame, so don't be afraid to be creative.
Here's what we did to create our DIY picture frame:
First, I cut the frame pieces to my desired length on 45 degree angels using my Ryboi Miter Saw to start my DIY Picture Frame. Then we glued the 45 degree angels together and added a small brad nail using our Ryobi nail gun to form our DIY picture frame.
Once done, we trimmed down a small piece of wood for the center of the DIY picture frame and installed by using our Kreg jig to make 4 Kreg pocket holes, our Ridge power driver, and 4 pan head screws as show in the 3rd photo above. We secured the flat board to the sides of the frame.
After we were done we painted the board the color of our choice, we used Annie Sloan Chalk paint in French Linen.
Once we painted the board we added our left over tile around the edge of the frame. The pieces left over were perfect and we slid them into place like a puzzle making sure we did not have to cut any of the tile. We then added grout from The Home Depot.
On the side of the DIY picture frame, we used wood icing product and a stencil to get our raised decor on the frame. We simple spread the wood icing product on like peanut butter, and let it sit a couple minutes, then lifted the stencil to get our effect.
When the stencil dried, we painted the center ring of the DIY picture frame with our AS Chalk paint in French Linen to match our center board, following the rest of the frame in an old white color.
We added a white cloths pin clip purchased from Joann's Crafts into the center of the board with our glue for our picture to hang in the center, and hung on the wall to share with our family and guests. We used a cloths pin because we like to change out our photos as they arrive from family.
This really was an easy project to create your own DIY picture frame. If you do not have a saw to cut the 45 degree angles, you can use a compound miter box and hand saw, or have a handy neighbor cut the angels for you. Once done, stand back and enjoy your DIY picture frame handy work!
We hope you enjoyed our post on making a DIY picture frame today. We love that you stopped by to read our post. Stay warm and safe out there if you live in a bad weather area. If you are in the sun, absorb a little for me – Vitamin D is starting to become a food group here in Missouri and I can use all I can get! 😉
Until tomorrow's post!
Linda 🙂


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The optional SkyDeck feature enhances functionality without compromising sleek design.
The flagship Galeon 700 Raptor is in a league of its own. Salon doors, one of Raptor's key features, slide swiftly and quietly into the deck to create a vast common space with the stern area - perfect for leisure and relaxation. Flawless finish, high-end equipment, and exhilarating performance speak volumes about the talents of the designers and engineers responsible for this project.


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Your immune system provides protection against bacteria, viruses and toxins that you come into contact with on a daily basis.
The immune system attacks foreign bodies that try to invade your body and cause disease. It is made up of organs, tissues and cells that all work together to protect you.
The cells that are involved in this process are white blood cells or leukocytes, which come in 2 different types, lymphocytes which remember other invaders that your body has come into contact with in the past and these help your body to destroy them. Phagocytes, which help your body to remove organisms that are trying to invade it.
The 2 types of leukocytes are stored in various locations within your body, they move around your body between your organs and your lymph nodes working with your immune system to protect and destroy invaders that may be causing problems.
Generally your immune system works well but sometimes you can have problems with it that can lead to viruses and illnesses. That's why it's important to know how to strengthen your immune system if you suffer from viruses and infections.
Suffering from a constant weakened immune system can lead to long term health problems including infections, colds and flues.
There are a number of various products on the market that claim that they help to strengthen your immune system but looking closely at the ingredients they contain nothing but chemicals which can contribute further to weakening your immune system.
Choosing a product that contains natural ingredients is key to fighting off nasty infections. A good product should help your body to construct an invisible wall which prevents any unwanted guests from entering your body.
That is where Zenmed Zenhance comes in. This clever herbal supplement helps to strengthen your immune system and protects you from viruses and illnesses. Zenhance contains herbal ingredients including ginger, echinacea and lyceum fruit.
This supplement differs from many other products as it works as a natural detox through your dietary tract. This will aid recovery time if you are suffering from an illness whilst helping to prevent other infections from entering your body.
Not only does Zenhance work at fighting infections including colds and flu but it can also help prevent the herpes virus from continually appearing as cold sores. By taking Zenhance you will see a noticeable difference in how your body responds to infections and viruses.
Life can be very stressful which can play havoc with your immune system but by taking Zenhance you can help combat this and strengthen your immunity once and for all.


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70 members68 Comments 6 Likes
Karina has not received any gifts yet
Hi there. Are you open to playing tomorrow (Friday)? 1pm? Willing to try out Piper Park? Let me know. If you email me at email@example.com I can send you a link for directions to Piper Park. Brad 415-309-0045
Hi, I'm Mark, the founder of Tennisopolis, the world's largest and most active tennis network. Please share Tennisopolis with your friends by supporting our Facebook page. Click here for a Guide to Meet Tennis Partners.
Have a look at our introduction page which will help you navigate the massive network which now has over 37,000 members and 500 local tennis groups.
Friend me,
Mark, The Mayor of Tennisopolis
Thanks Karina. Friday would work for me. It's supposed to be sunny. Let's check in Thursday. Brad
Hi Katrina,
Welcome to Marin. Funny to be talking about tennis on this rainy day. I'm one of those 3.5 male players that might hit well with you. So hopefully you'll take me up on my offer. I live in San Rafael and usually play at Piper Park in Larkspur. I like to play mid-day during the week, if that works for you. Email me at firstname.lastname@example.com and let's play after the rain stops this week or in the near future. Brad (415-309-0045)
Hi Karina,
Thanks for your note - sounds great. Lets try when it dries out! Where did you move here from? Best, Paula
© 2018 Created by Mark / The Mayor. Powered by


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Rob M. S.
Private Financial Analyst. Specializing in US mkts: Tech, Bio, Oil, Bitcoin/Eth, Gold. 20+ yrs exp. in stock chart patterns and industry analysis for successful positional, technical trading. I use my own algos and insight for recs. Proud USMC Vet.
- Member since May 10th 2016
- California
- Equities,Private Companies, Technical, Position Trader, Professional


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Friday, April 18
9:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
Diabetes has moved to the center stage of health policy both in the United States and around the world, with its combination of lifestyle and social factors and enhanced levels of minority incidence. Policymakers face daunting challenges that span traditional public health concerns and many other disciplines. How do we best reduce the impact of diabetes while ensuring fairness to groups at high risk and advancing local and global health objectives?
To address these issues, IIT's Center for Diabetes Research and Policy is hosting a conference that brings together some of the key voices in our discussion of the chronic disease of the 21st century. This conference will draw on experts from across the disciplines to review the latest developments in research, clinical practice and public policy, with a focus on health economics approaches and ethical implications. RSVP to firstname.lastname@example.com to secure your place.
Presenters include:
The event will be moderated by Nigel M. de S. Cameron, Ph.D., associate dean and research professor, Intervention, Cost and Ethics Project, IIT Center for Diabetes Research and Policy.
The event is free, but RSVPs are required. Lunch will be provided, and there will be a catered reception after the conference. To RSVP, e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com or call 312.906.5337. Please include names, positions, institutions of persons attending, and a telephone contact number.
Main Chicago-Kent event
Academic calendar
CLE calendar
Alumni event calendar
Admissions calendar


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Welcome to The Quilt-A-Way!
We are so glad you stopped by for a visit! Our online store is constantly being updated with all of the latest fabrics and kits. If you don't see what you are looking for, please feel free to call our store at 406-453-2788. To see the current classes we are offering, click on Class Calendar or Newsletter.
Check out the current classes and events!
Remember check out our Facebook page!!!


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Paxfire is dead. Good riddance.
Even better, the founder of the company is crying about how terribly unfair the world is. I'd like to collect his tears and enjoy them later, like a fine wine.
You can read the lamentations of their women over at allthingsd.com.
How Paxfire Stole Google.com – Repost
I rescued the original Google Knol article from the dustbin of backups and have re-posted it. See the link in the Open Letter article.
An Open Letter to Alan Sullivan, CEO Paxfire Inc
Dear Mr Sullivan,
I read with interest your recent press release wherein you attempt to refute the claims against Paxfire in a lawsuit. I was most interested to read the second major claim you are attempting to defend:
Second, Paxfire does not hijack searches or "impersonate search engines."
Paxfire appliances certainly do impersonate search engines, as I detailed 3 years ago. The good news is I'm a Pack Rat and worse, a System Administrator – which means I have backups of backups kicking around here. That almost certainly means I still have the original screenshots and tcpdumps used to compose that article.
This will, I think, torpedo your attempt to claim the lawsuit is without merit and lacks a foundation for their allegations?
I think I'll send my information to them – let's find out together shall we?
Paxfire stole Google.com
Seriously. Stolen… or at least, that's certainly what it looks like if you're unfortunate enough to be stuck using a Paxfire DNS appliance like the two I found a few weeks ago.
I just finished my first Google Knol: DNS Squatting
In a nutshell, Paxfire DNS appliances pretend to be 'www.google.com'. They aren't pretending to be other search engines from what I can tell – just Google. Fun times when the marketing wonks decide to sniff your search habits…
What every web site and host needs to know about the DMCA
Daniel over at DailyBlogTips is getting ripped off. Web sites are stealing his content and trying to pass it off as their own and worse, the clueless host involved (EliteHost.net, which I will not dignify with a link) doesn't seem to realize that not only is the webmaster thief liable but the host is as well if they fail to respond appropriately to a valid DMCA takedown request.
The DMCA(pdf) has been vilified by a lot of frothing-at-the-mouth loons that run about screaming that it's the death of internet "freedom" yadda yadda. If you pin one down on the topic it usually turns out that they haven't even read it or if they claim they have they certainly don't understand it. Yes, the DMCA is a big club that can be used by multi-billion dollar corporations to smack down the "little guy" but that club has a handle at both ends. If you're a U.S. web publisher (blogger, conventional site etc) or a web host then you must make yourself familiar with the provisions of the DMCA and know how it affects you… and how you can use it.
Read more
Need a PHP Template Engine – Use SMARTY
If you need a PHP Template Engine then please, use SMARTY. FastTemplate was good when I first wrote it (not great though, since there are at least two places in the code where I'm wasting huge numbers of cycles) but Smarty is a lot… smarter. More importantly it's updated fairly often.
Due to the dreaded "Work" tag I haven't been able to update FastTemplate since 1.1, and I'm not going to. The problem isn't that I don't have free time to write code, I do. The problem is I'm a professional developer (among my many hats). When I first started tossing my PHP code out for everyone to use I got into huge amounts of trouble with my employer at the time, as technically they could have laid claim to my work despite the fact that I didn't write any of it on company time or equipment. I was publishing and writing as "CDI" at the time so they didn't find out right away (took almost a year in fact) and by then the code was already out. So instead of getting into a big knock-down drag-out over the issue we all just agreed that I wouldn't make any more code for public consumption. I could write for my own personal projects of course, but nothing open source.
That was years ago and I've changed employers since then but my job description is pretty much the same so rather than tempt fate with the new employer, the status quo will be maintained. Besides, the code hasn't been updated in -so- long and there are so many better alternatives now that it'd be silly for me to even try. Use Smarty to handle your template needs or, if you really like TONS of bloat you can use PEAR instead.
PHP Classes available again
All the old PHP stuff is available again. Have fun.
- AccessDBM-1_1.tar.gz
- ConfigReader-1_3.tar.gz
- FastTemplate-1_1_0.tar.gz
- File-1_0.tar.gz
- Htgroup-0_4.tar.gz
- Htpasswd-0_9.tar.gz
- Logger-1_0.tar.gz
- PHP-RSS-0.91.tar.gz
- POP3-1_0.tar.gz
- Validator-1_2.tar.gz
FastTemplate 1.1.0
The venerable FastTemplate, which is now wildly out-of-date and as I look at it in desperate need of some optimizations.
Isn't that always the case though? Step away from some code long enough and when you look at it later you think to yourself… "what was I thinking?"
Still, since some still look for it, here ya go.
Wow, an update
Hey it's only been 7 years. :p
I blew away the old site but I'll be putting the PHP back up shortly, since for some reason some people still want that old old code.


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25 November 2013
4 to the 5
celebrated mister wardomatic's birthday today with the spreading of a little bit of confetti downtown portland. because you only turn forty-five once. and a little confetti never hurt anyone.
6 comments:
Happy Birthday to Ward! We share a birthday : )ReplyDeleteReplies
what! happy (belated) birthday, lady! HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO YOU! (hope it was a fantastic one!) xoDelete
Nice birthday celebration! I really wanted to comment on your "optimism" post but the comments are gone. I feel that soo many days but never could put the feeling into words and you did it perfectly. Thank You.ReplyDeleteReplies
ah, sorry about that. sometimes I take comments off when I don't want folks to feel the obligation to say something. so glad those words resonated with you (and I'm glad I'm not alone). :)Delete
I like this. I like this very much. happy day wardomatic!ReplyDelete
Thank you for making my birthday extra special - spending time with you and the kids is the best thing that I could ever wish for. Thank you thank you thank you. xoxoReplyDelete


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Epic, heroic and motivating
"Legend" is a powerful epic track, with great strength and beauty. This composition is in crescendo, arriving to achieve strength and impressive expression. It is composed symphony orchestra accompanied by distorted guitars, acoustic guitars, drums, bass and choral. It contains a great burden sentimental and heroic, patriotic touches. Perfect for films, advertising, trailers … I hope you enjoy in your productions.


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WENATCHEE A local man was sentenced to 10 years in prison Tuesday for possession of child pornography.
Christopher Gary Carlson, 40, was sentenced by U.S. District Court Chief Judge Rosanna Malof Peterson. The sentence includes a lifetime of court supervision after he is released from prison.
Carlson was arrested last year after an investigation into reports an internet user under the name of "warlock666" was trading images of child sex abuse, court records show.
"Those who trade child pornography are a part of a disturbing cycle of violence against children," Homeland Security Investigations Special Agent in Charge Brad Bench said. "Imagine being in your 20s, 30s or 40s and knowing that, in the shadows of the internet, predators are trading images of your childhood sex abuse. This is what victims of this crime must live with for the rest of their lives."
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement's Homeland Security Investigations agents and Wenatchee police determined "warlock666" was Carlson, records show. They also determined Carlson was using his cellphone to chat online about child pornography.
Officers obtained a warrant for the telephone and found more than 600 pornographic photos of children as young as 5 years old, records show.
Faced with the evidence, Carlson pleaded guilty to possession of child pornography in November 2013.
"I commend the collaborative work of the Wenatchee Police Department and HIS," said U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Washington Michael C. Ormsby.
His office prosecuted the case.
"Prosecuting offenders who are collecting child pornography is a priority of the United States Attorney's Office," Ormsby said.
Carlson had previously been convicted for possession of child pornography, court records from 2007 show. He was also convicted twice since 2009 in Delaware for failing to register as a sex offender.
Use the comment form below to begin a discussion about this content.


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I am on a job trying to fix up some programming issues on a universal controller. This controller is controlling 3 VFDs. Two of the VFDs are feeding outdoor air into the outdoor air section of some AHUs. The other VFD is controlling a Relief Fan. I am controlling the Relief Fan VFD off of Space pressure. The AHUs are on the first floor of this department store. The outdoor fans are on the roof which is about 25 ft above the AHUs. The outdoor fans pull outside air in and push it into the AHUs. I haven't seen a set up like this before. I need a way to control the fan speed. I am thinking about doing it by tracking the outdoor damper position. I am not sure if that is the best way to do it or not, but it doesn't seem to be too critical. I am having a hard time finding the right algorithm to perform this function. I am looking for some assistance on setting something like this up. Right now they have a Analog Single Loop PID trying to control this function. I tried assigning my damper position to the algorithms setpoint but it will not recognize it as a setpoint. It keeps defaulting to SETPT01. Is there some easy way that I can set something like this up? I have reviewed the manual and cannot locate a similiar situation.
Thanks for any help on this.


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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
Country music stars Jason Aldean, Kenny Chesney, Eric Church, Tim McGraw, Taylor Swift, Carrie Underwood, Lady Antebellum and Little Big Town are scheduled to perform at the 48th Annual Academy of Country Music Awards, co-hosted by Luke Bryan and Blake Shelton, and to be broadcast live from the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas Sunday, April 7 (8 p.m.), on the CBS Television Network.
These artists join previously announced performers Luke Bryan, Kelly Clarkson, Hunter Hayes, Miranda Lambert, Blake Shelton, George Strait and The Band Perry, as well as those performing at the third annual ACM Fan Jam, headlined by Brad Paisley, along with special guests Dierks Bentley, Hayes and New Artist of the Year nominees Brantley Gilbert, Jana Kramer and Florida Georgia Line. LL Cool J has also been tapped to make a special appearance during this year's ACM Fan Jam, emceed by Storme Warren.
The 48th Academy of Country Music Awards is dedicated to honoring and showcasing the biggest names and emerging talent in the country music industry.


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Hey folks,I've been cultivating a "house" sour bug mix for just about two years now. It's cultured from grain, so it's probably a mix of lacto and other stuff. Anyway, I've maintained separate plastic goods (tubing, racking, bottling, etc.) but my last couple clean beers got infected. I guess the house culture is airborne? I'm not really sure how they got infected.My main concern is how do I get rid of the bug in my brew buckets? I'd rather not buy new buckets. In the past I've used a vinegar/bleach mixed that seemed to work OK. I've thought about doing a concentrated PBW soak too. Starsan is worthless against these creatures. Any ideas?
Speaking of - if a prior batch was infected, and you took samples or transferred it with your "clean" gear, that may be where the infection is coming from. When did you notice the infection?Easily mixed-up soft parts: Bucket lids (and gaskets), airlocks/blowoff tubes, thief, plastic covers for racking cane, kettle valve/pump, plastic stir spoon, oxygen stone (plastic connection tubing and/or worm clamps that may harbor bugs).
Don't mix vinegar & bleach. While each has its merits, they deactivate each other. You'd be better off using them sequentially w/a water rinse between.
Just buy new fermentors. It's not worth the risk of all the work of a brewday not to mention cost of ingredients.
Quote from: majorvices on April 09, 2013, 12:39:32 PMJust buy new fermentors. It's not worth the risk of all the work of a brewday not to mention cost of ingredients.These are my feelings as well. At the very least, you have more sour fermenters now! That being said, I had a couple batches go south due to what I found to be a "bottle cleanliness" issue. I threw out all the empty bottles from those batches and never had a problem again. It was a slight phenolic, somewhat of a gusher after a couple months in the bottle kind of infection.
Quote from: BrewArk on April 08, 2013, 05:13:37 PMDon't mix vinegar & bleach. While each has its merits, they deactivate each other. You'd be better off using them sequentially w/a water rinse between. not true. Bleach is sold at a pH that "stabilizes" it. If you reduce the pH (via vinegar) it becomes one of the most effective surface sanitizers you can buy (or make in this case). However, the life of acidified bleach is reduced.just make sure you never confuse vinegar with ammonia.
If star-san isn't getting anywhere I'd probably look at PBW or bleach for a second or third soak.
...I guess I'll just stick to sour beers for a while...


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will not knowingly accept any advertisement for real estate which is in violation of the law. Users of this site are hereby informed that, pursuant to applicable laws and regulations, all dwellings advertised in the MetroList® service are available on an equal opportunity basis.
All measurements and all calculations of area are approximate. Information provided by Seller/Other sources, not verified by Broker. All interested persons should independently verify accuracy of information. Provided properties may or may not be listed by the office/agent presenting the information. Information updated November 19, 2018 1:48 AM
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World of Warcraft fans rejoice! Blizzard Entertainment released a trailer for Mists of Pandaria -- the highly anticipated expansion pack for the addictive online game -- yesterday at Gamescom 2012 in Cologne, Germany.
The trailer reveals the opening cinematic sequence to Mists of Pandaria. Described as a lost continent shrouded in fog, Pandaria is inhabited by a race called the Pandaren. The upcoming release is the fourth expansion pack of the uber-popular game.
World of Warcraft is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) that was released in November 2004. Expansion packs include The Burning Crusade, Wrath of the Lich King and Cataclysm.
In August, Blizzard Entertainment reported 9.1 million subscribers. World of Warcraft holds the Guinness World Record for the "Most Popular Subscription-based Massively Multiplayer Online Role Player Game."
World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria is expected to be released on September 25.
This story originally appeared on CBSNews.com.


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Message Board
Patrick Robinson Message Board
Talk about the novels, new and used books that Robinson has written!
Author Robinson's Book Reviews
Barracuda 945
HarperCollins, Aug 2003, 25.95, 437 pp. ISBN: 0060086629 British SAS commando Major Ray Kerman stationed in Israel joins Hamas and quickly becomes a leader due to his bold successes in country. Abetted by the Iranians, Ray buys a Russian nuclear submarine, the Barracuda 945. He plans to attack the West Coast of the United States with missile strikes against the Alaskan oil supplies and the California electrical grid. National Security Adviso...
Nimitz Class
"Nimitz Class" is Patrick Robinson's first foray into novel writing, and it's quite successful. More often than not, a reader finds himself checking the New York Times for headlines of the nuclear disaster in the Persian Gulf. The novel begins with perhaps the most horrifying thing the US Navy could imagine: the loss of an aircraft carrier in a nuclear explosion and the deaths of her 6,000 crew. While the government admits to the loss of the carrier v...


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DIY or Buy: The Best of Both Worlds
A DIY project can be a fun and productive way to spend a few hours for many of us, but we know they are not in the cards for everyone. That's why our DIY or Buy posts are the best of both worlds — they're perfect for the project minded and the shoppers in the crowd.
• Buy or DIY: Trendy Terrariums
• Buy or DIY: Mad for Macramé
• Buy or DIY: Moss Ball Hanging Plants
• Buy or DIY: Geometric Mobiles
• DIY or Buy: Empire-Style Beaded Chandeliers
• DIY or Buy: Christmas Tree Skirts
• Cardboard Tech: 5 to Buy, 5 to DIY
• DIY or Buy: Throw Pillows for a Decor Refresh
• Buy or DIY: Clever Leather Bookshelf
• Small Space Solution: 10 Easy & Affordable Garment Racks to Buy or DIY
Welcome to Apartment Therapy's Best of 2012 roundup! From December 19 through January 1 we are rounding up our favorite (and your favorite) posts from the past year.
(Images: See linked posts for full image credits)


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Having been a key initiator of both the CBI GTN and the iir GTN forums several years ago, BPI continues to add GTN thought leadership to these excellent GTN events. At iir's 2nd GTN Forum being held in Philadelphia, BPI will present its learnings from 6 years of 'in the trenches' experience from implementing best GTN practice-based GTN automation systems.
BPI is proud to provide the industry with continuing GTN best practice thought leadership with its recent publication of "Gaining Business Value from Your End-to-End GTN Automation System."
With its growing BPI Revenue Management and BPI GTN Revenue Recognition (BPI R2™) business, BPI has elected to move its global headquarters to a new location …. 5215 North O'Connor Road, Suite 1950, Irving, TX 75039. BPI's President, Richard Burcham, stated "Moving our headquarters to this new location provides our customers, prospects, partners, and employees with the latest in collaborative work environments allowing BPI to aggressively stay ahead of our growth curve.
A major lifesciences manufacturer has selected BPI's GTN (BPI R2™) product over a long list of GTN automation and analytics offerings, primarily since the BPI GTN automation solution covers the end-to-end GTN process based on best GTN business practices. Competitive offerings that were reviewed where either not proven with real world clients or provided only offshore analytical services. BPI not only proved functional and technology superiority and maturity, the BPI GTN offering also provided business benefit in several key customer areas. These strategic and tactical ROI business benefit areas included compliance improvement, price protection and price impact analysis, accrual and reconciliation, improved top- and sales deduction bottom- line forecasting, and increased company associates work efficiency and effectiveness. BPI's President, Richard Burcham, stated "This recent win proves that with BPI's years of hands-on GTN end-to-end automation expertise, our product continues to be the only available choice that proves substantial business benefit.
Given that a company's highly successful GTN program must be based on excellent people, processes, and technology to achieve true business value, Deloitte and BPI have joined their GTN skilled practices and products to initiate a series of GTN "Round Tables". Invitees to the "Round Tables" will share their GTN experiences and benefit from the vast GTN experience that Deloitte and BPI bring to the "Table". Value subjects will vary from GTN governance, cross-functional GTN teaming and workflow, GTN data essentials, GTN business value and metrics, and GTN enabling technologies. Dates and locations will be available in early 1Q2014.


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I had DebXO Squeeze installed on my XO. Yesterday, I ran apt-get upgrade, and it caused all sorts of havok. The trackpad no longer worked, for one thing.
So, I reinstalled DebXO, and followed the instructions for upgrading to squeeze. http://wiki.laptop.org/go/DebXO#Updating
I got an error message saying that it required the latest kernel. I didn't get this error message when I originally upgraded to squeeze, about a month or so ago.
So I'm sticking with Lenny for now.
Is anybody else using DebXO experiencing this problem, and maybe even found a solution?


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Hitachi DS18DL Lithium-Ion 18V Cordless Drill-Driver Kit
Standard Equipment:
- DS18DL Lithium Ion Drill
- Quick Charger
- Two Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Grip Handle
- Driver Bit
- Carrying Case
Optional Accessories:
See other Hitachi Cordless Tools.
- Rating: 18 Volt
- Battery Capacity: 3.0 Amp-hr
- Chuck Capacity: 1/2"
- No-load RPM: 0-200/400/900/1800
- Max Torque: 560 in-lbs
- Clutch Stages: 22
- Weight: 4.6 lbs
- Two 3.0 Ah HXP Lithium Ion batteries for three times the life at half the weight of NiCd or NiMH batteries.
- HXP batteries are backward compatible with all Hitachi 18V DMR and DVF3 tools.
- 560 in/lbs of torque to drill and drive through the toughest materials with ease.
- Unique 2-step speed switch lets the user select from 4 speed settings (0-200/400/900/1800 RPM) for ultimate control.
- Externally accessible carbon brush for quick and easy maintenance.
- 2-piece rare earth magnet motor for durability and power.
- Convenient 5-position belt hook features an integrated LED work light.
- Compact and lightweight at only 9.2" in length and 4.6 lbs.


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product description
Related Products:
Arbuckle, Jim, J.S.
Fixed Blade Knives
Work by Journeyman Smiths
Artisan Made
Chef Knives & Santoku
Finish - Satin
Stainless - ATS-34
Stainless Steel
Wood - Pakkawood
Kitchen Knives
Maker: Jim Arbuckle, J.S. (click to see more by this maker)
Item num: 88819
*** This is handmade and one-of-a-kind ***Blade length: 6.75 in.Total length: 11.00 in.Blade height (at heel): 1.80 in.Blade thickness (near bolster): 0.11 in.Item weight: 6.56 oz.Blade: ATS-34 stainless steel with a hand rubbed satin finish, Hrc 58-59Handle: Contoured rosewood (Dymondwood) grips set on a full tang
Description: Handmade by Jim Arbuckle, this chef knife is an excellent choice for the chef that wants a knife that is as attractive as it is useful. The deep belly provides plenty of finger clearance over a cutting board for a rocking chop. Only one in the world!
A very deep choil (cut-out) for the forefinger to rest in makes the knife easy to hold -- even with slippery hands. The blade is made from ATS-34 stainless steel and was given a hand-rubbed satin finish. It was hardened and double tempered to Rc 58-59 for excellent edge retention. The smooth, slightly rounded spine moves into a serpentine fileworked tang. The rosewood toned Dymondwood grips are nicely contoured to assure a sure, comfortable grip. Excellent fit and finish throughout!
Availability: Not currently available


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What may be Drew Peterson's final two court hearings have been scheduled for February during which his bid for a new murder trial will be heard and prosecutors will present evidence he killed his missing fourth wife as they seek the maximum 60-year prison sentence.
The former Bolingbrook police sergeant, who appeared in court Thursday with a new buzz cut and the beginnings of a beard, was convicted last fall of drowning his third wife, Kathleen Savio, in 2004. He is the sole suspect in the 2007 disappearance of his fourth wife, Stacy.
Prosecutors plan to present evidence that Peterson murdered his fourth wife, a factor Judge Edward Burmila could take into account when he sentences Peterson. The Will County judge on Thursday scheduled a hearing for Peterson's motion for a new trial for Feb. 19 with the sentencing hearing to follow a day later.
In their effort to win Peterson a new trial, his lawyers will try to prove his former lead attorney Joel Brodsky's alleged ineffective assistance, financial conflicts and outright threats prevented Peterson from receiving a fair trial.
They may call Brodsky to testify and subpoena his client financial records. Brodsky declined to comment in a text message, saying, "I have nothing to add to" a recently filed motion in which he called one of Peterson's attorneys "mentally ill."
Peterson attorney David Peilet said they would "spare any unnecessary roughness so to speak" as they try to build their case against Brodsky. And he told reporters he wasn't sure how Brodsky would react to any possible subpoenas.
"I would anticipate that he will respond in a way as to defend himself," Peilet said. "How that plays out, really the judge has the final call."
Will County State's Attorney James Glasgow said he isn't worried about Peterson winning a new trial or the verdict being overturned. "The record is rock solid," he said.
But he said the defense-team implosion was unique. "I've never seen lawyers go at each other like this before in the history of Will County," Glasgow said.
Prosecutors plan to call Peterson's second wife, Victoria Connolly, who testified at a pretrial hearing of how he pulled a gun on her, broke into her house and threatened to kill her. Also expected to testify is son Eric Peterson, who testified previously about a night Savio and Peterson fought at their home.
"What ex-wife doesn't want to say bad things about her husband?" defense attorney Joseph Lopez said of Connolly.
Stacy's sister Cassandra Cales said outside court Thursday that she expects Peterson will eventually be charged with murdering his fourth wife. Prosecutors have said Stacy's case is being reviewed again.
"There's no rush because he's obviously going to be going to prison," Cales said. "Justice will be served for Stacy."


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�Some local officials say they are worried�a set of amendments contained in the House version of a state economic development bill could prevent towns and cities from maintaining control over wireless antennas.
The City Council voted on Monday to approve a resolution urging lawmakers to reject sections 74 and 75 of the House of Representatives� economic development bill. The amendments, officials say, would strip local officials of their ability to control where telecommunications antennas can be placed and their capability to place restrictions on how the equipment is installed.
The House version of the bill, along with a companion Senate bill that does not include the antenna amendments, has been sent to conference committee. The resolution approved by the City Council Monday night asks committee members to report out a bill that does not contain the language included in the House bill.
Geoffrey Beckwith, executive director of the Massachusetts Municipal Association, said that the organization has been urging�lawmakers to push for an economic development bill without the antenna provisions. City Councilor Kathleen Robey, who submitted the resolution, said she did so after hearing about the language through a communication from the Massachusetts Municipal Association.
Beckwith said on Thursday that the provision would allow a telecommunications company to place an antenna or equipment on virtually any existing structure while eroding local officials� abilities to control aspects of the installations like aesthetics and noise emissions.
"It would allow all these powerful interests to do whatever they want on essentially any building in these communities as long as they have an agreement with the property owner," said Beckwith.
Federal law prohibits towns and cities from blocking the expansion of wireless networks, but municipalities can have a say in where those antennas might be placed or regulate the manner in which they must be installed. In Marlborough, for example, a special permit is required for the installation of a wireless antenna or any significant changes to an existing antenna.
The amendments in the House bill, Beckwith said, would allow telecommunications companies to place wireless antennas on existing facilities without being constrained by local zoning laws. The antennas only have to comply with state zoning code and must be on a building that was constructed legally, Beckwith said. If the building is on a historical register, a company would have to get approval from the state historic preservation office, but the proposal wouldn�t have to pass muster with any local historical boards.
"The only way they would be able to deny an application for an antenna would be if it violated the state building code," Beckwith said. "It would actually strip cities and towns of authority."
The Federal Communications Commission is developing guidelines for wireless communications facilities, which are due out this fall. Beckwith said�in the interim, wireless telecommunications companies have been lobbying state governments across the country to pass laws making it easier for them to expand.
The antenna amendment passed the House on a voice vote and did not generate�any debate, Beckwith said. It was sponsored by state Rep. Thomas Golden, D-Lowell, whose office did not return a call for comment Thursday.
Robey said she is hopeful that legislators will listen to local officials and produce a bill that doesn�t contain the amendment. She said officials don�t want to stop wireless companies from expanding their network to serve consumer needs, but want to ensure that the antennas are installed properly.
"Many people at the local level are upset that the cell phone industry is pushing this," she said. "We don�t want to stop progress, but we want to make sure that there is the ability to work with the cell phone companies."
Kendall Hatch can be reached at 508-490-7453 or email@example.com. Follow him on Twitter @Kendall_HatchMW.
Local officials want to retain control over cell antennas
�Some local officials say they are worried�a set of amendments contained in the House version of a state economic development bill could prevent towns and cities from maintaining control over wireless antennas.


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Our initiative is at the intersection of the public humanities, digital humanities, and public engagement—all areas in which UI faculty are performing innovative teaching, scholarship, and service. Our focus is the impact of academic work on civic life and society, using the opportunities provided by digital technologies to amplify and distribute broadly what we do as teachers and scholars, collaborating with communities on projects that have social and artistic impact, and envisioning new ways of interacting with our many publics.
The Public Humanities in a Digital World initiative was authorized by the University in October 2010. Our first few months have been occupied with envisioning our infrastructure and campus collaborations, and searching for new faculty who will join current UI faculty in exploring the impact of digital practices and emerging technologies in projects central to the humanities.
The Digital Scholarship and Publishing Studio of the University of Iowa Libraries offers services and support for students and faculty.


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SPRINGFIELD, Ill. (AP) -- West Nile virus is striking people earlier than usual this year in Illinois, and health officials say the number of cases now stands at six.
Illinois Department of Public Health spokeswoman Melaney Arnold said Wednesday that human cases have been reported in Chicago, Evanston and several Chicago suburbs.
Last year, the first human case wasn't reported until Aug. 19 in Illinois. That year, there were 34 human cases in the state, including three deaths.
This year's hot, dry weather created good breeding conditions for the mosquito that carries the virus.
Officials recommend wearing insect repellent and avoiding the outdoors between dusk and dawn, when mosquitoes are biting.
Most people infected with West Nile won't get sick, but approximately one in 150 people will develop a severe form of the illness.


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At College Football Games, Student Sections Likely to Have Empty Seats
Declining Attendance Reflects Soaring Ticket Prices, Increase in Televised Games
Football stadiums will be packed this weekend for the kickoff of the college season. But many of the student sections are likely to have empty seats.
Average student attendance at college football games is down 7.1% since 2009, according to an analysis by The Wall Street Journal of stadium turnstile records from about 50 public colleges with top-division football teams. The decline was 5.6% at colleges in the five richest conferences....


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COSTA MESA – A woman was seriously injured Monday after she jumped from a freeway overpass during a police pursuit, authorities said.
The chase began shortly after 10:45 a.m., when an officer attempted to pull over the driver of a black pickup for unspecified vehicle code violations, a Costa Mesa police statement said.
The motorist refused to stop and began driving recklessly, police said, running red lights and passing vehicles on the shoulder of the roadway.
The driver stopped the pickup at the side of Bear Street at the I-405 overpass. Police say she got out of the vehicle, ran to the edge of the overpass and jumped off.
The woman was taken to Western Medical Center-Santa Ana in critical condition. It wasn't clear whether she was struck by vehicles on the freeway.
Police have not released the woman's name, identifying her only as a 33-year-old whose last known address is in Costa Mesa.
Police temporarily closed several lanes of the northbound I-405 just north of Bristol Street, California Highway Patrol logs show.
Authorities say a records check showed that the woman was wanted in Los Angeles County on drug-related charges.
Source: www.ocregister.com
By SEAN EMERY/ THE ORANGE COUNTY REGISTER
If you are charged with a crime, contact an experienced Orange County Bail Bondsman to assist you in any bail situtation.


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Cultural Guidelines – East Africa
When we travel, it's easy to leave a negative impression by snapping a picture quickly, while the subject is not looking; by dressing scantily, offending local sensitivities; by brushing aside the feelings of local people, with the high-handed superiority of a rich Westerner.
These things are easy to do — in the click of a shutter, or flash of a dollar bill.
We can't blend in perfectly when we travel — our mere presence as observers always alters local events at least a little bit. That said, you'll get the most representative view of Africa if you cause as little disturbance to the local people as possible. Plus, if you try to fit in and show respect for local culture and attitudes, you can leave many positive feelings behind.
Cultural sensitivity is really a state of mind, not a checklist of acceptable behaviors, but we've provided a few general tips here that should help you get the most out of your experience in Africa.
African societies are rarely as rushed as Western ones. When you first talk to people, greet them first and do so leisurely. So, for example, if you enter a bus station and want some help, do not just ask outright, "Where is the bus to …" That would be rude. Instead, you will have a better reception (and better chance of good advice) in an exchange like this:
Traveler: 'Good afternoon.'
African: 'Good afternoon.'
Traveler: 'How are you?'
African: 'I am fine, how are you?'
Traveler: 'I am fine, thank you. (pause) Do you know where the bus to…'
For an even better reception, learn phrases in the local language. While most Africans understand English, a greeting given in an appropriate local language will be received with delight.
Another part of the normal greeting ritual is handshaking. As elsewhere, you would not normally shake a shopowner's hand, but you would shake hands with someone to whom you are introduced. Get some practice when you arrive, as there is a gentle, three-part handshake used in Southern Africa that's easy to learn.
Occasionally, someone may approach you in a town or city without greeting you. Instead, they may try to sell you something, or even hassle you in some way. These people have learned that foreigners aren't used to greetings, and so have adapted their approach accordingly. An effective way to dodge their attentions is to reply to their questions with a formal greeting, and then politely, but firmly, refuse their offer. This is surprisingly effective.
Your clothing can easily give offense. Most Africans frown upon skimpy or revealing clothing, especially when worn by women. Shorts are fine for walking safaris. Otherwise, dress conservatively and avoid short shorts, especially in the more rural areas. Respectable locals will wear long trousers (men) or long skirts (women).
Most Africans are happy to be photographed — provided you ask their permission first. Sign language is all you need: Just point at your camera, shrug your shoulders and look quizzical. The problem is these interactions produce the type of posed photographs you may not want.
If you stay around and chat for a few minutes, people will get used to your presence and stop posing. Then you'll be able to get more natural shots, preferably using a camera with a quiet shutter.
Note that special care is needed with photography near government buildings, bridges and similar sites of strategic importance. You must ask permission before photographing any such sites, or you risk people thinking that you are a spy.
The specific examples above are general by their very nature. But wherever you find yourself, if you are polite and considerate to the Africans you meet, you will rarely encounter any cultural problems. Watch how others behave and, if you have any doubts about how you should act, ask someone quietly. They will seldom tell you outright that you are being rude, but they will usually give you good advice on how to make your behavior more acceptable.
Source: Bradt Guidebooks: Guide to Zambia by Chris McIntyre
- In East Africa, please be particularly sensitive in photo situations involving members of the Maasai tribe. Always ask for permission and determine if your intended subject expects to be paid.


text: Editor's Ratings (1-5): 4 What's Hot: Sturdy material, unique design, fashionable. What's Not: A bit heavy for a thin case. In a crowd of iPad 2 cases, the Street Skin case from Hard Candy Cases makes an impression. It's shiny with Spiderman costume-like patterns and it comes in not subtle colors of black, white and hot pink. Perhaps a part of the lure for this case, is that though the design is all the same, by changing the color of the case, it appeals to different groups of people. The Street Skin for iPad 2 is a thin rubber case that covers the entire body of the iPad 2 including the screen. Though it's shiny, the case doesn't feel slippery in hand. The Stree Skin case for iPad is a form fitting case that's made with TPU rubber. One nice thing about using TPU rubber in comparison to silicone is that the TPU rubber won't lose its form easily and get stretched out like silicone does. The case's surface is shiny throughout, and it opens like a portfolio case. The right side has a fit pocket for your iPad 2, and the left side is a screen cover. The case has two hinges with which the front cover is attached to the case, and you close the cover using two corner snaps. The cover can go either on the front when you are not using your iPad 2, or on the back to get out of your way when the tablet is in use. The snap design is unique for a tablet case, taking the concept from clothing design. It works great for the Street Skin case thanks to the rubber material. The Street Skin for iPad 2 has cutouts for all ports and buttons on the tablet, leaving them easily accessible. Style wise the Street Skin case for iPad 2 from Hard Candy looks like nothing we have seen. The sculptured pattern on the shiny black rubber makes the case look like a part of Darth Vader's outfit; on the shiny white case, it looks like a part of the Yves Saint Laurent collection; and the pink one looks like it belongs on Victoria's Secret shelf. Conclusion The Street Skin case for iPad 2 is a good alternative if you dislike your silicone case that gets stretched out and loses its shape too quickly. TPU rubber is harder than silicone, so the case can help protect the tablet from bumps and bruises inside a bag or backpack better. The case is thin but not particularly light, weighing in at 8.2 oz. We like that it protects the entire iPad 2 and leaves all ports and buttons accessible. The unique and bold style will either attract you or turn you away, but if you want something that looks different and fashionable, the Street Skin case is worth a look. __________________ ipad casesipad 2 leather caseipad 2 case


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Godin : So how do you make a guitar?
Ever wanted to see how an electric guitar is really made? Watch expert Luthiers at work from one of the World's most established brands.
Godin started building guitars over twenty years ago in a village in Quebec Canada called La Patrie. The man that started it all is Robert Godin. Robert still owns the company and he continues to design the vast majority of our guitars.
"Godin guitars are assembled in the Richmond, Quebec and Berlin, New Hampshire factories. The necks and bodies are all made in the original location in La Patrie, Quebec."
Enjoy a glimpse into the Quebec Factory.