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Carolina Watchman
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is —— pbr •» worn-out tim-down dcbi j chool tenohors milliners «!.;«««;••;* keepers and orer^ol'v-'l women -".'>• dr.wr.-e kavovif l 1 riwri|.u.'n j t w b^t oral.rwvomtivntor.n it to not a urn all butmdminim.y malte n rtn ? hjn of mum boinr a most i«otnni specific toj ul tnose ctasl^wssnsea and dbnars cnh«r to wo,n«n it is a powerful general nv wcu as uterine tonic and n.tv.no and itntmrts vigor ml atrenirtli to the whole htkorn i vtamgg cure weakness of stomach in<liir*stion moat lac wuk back nervous pfoetrat ion debility n<l nwplhbn^r in either sex favorite pre scription is sola by dnijrjrists unarrmir jwt hc jtmiranfr sec wrapper nrniind ''?''^ rrlce si.oo or nix bottles for oo a ursre treatise mi dtenucsol wotaen.pro fu«»«y illustrated with colored plates and nn bictous wood-<uts w:it f..r 10 wnn in stamps a«mmw wom.ua ni5«prnsart medical association t>t main btrect buffalo .\. \ . h(k mf.*dacke hilioug heartache a:ij constipation promptly enrea t>y dr fieroe 1 * iv .■'-«. 20 a vmu by druj;>:iits fledmont wagonj made at hickory n c can't be beat tlir-v stand where they ought ta right square atthefh1nt it was a hard flglit but they havo woa it just read what people say about them and it you want a wagon come quickly and buy j one either for cash or on time samsbuky x c rii t int lst'6 two jean n i lionuht i vt-r ii^lii two k«rs piedmont wagon f t!iea-»rnt js-.o a bwjtlen have used it m-ai'v ail tin time ince have tried i severely in liaulhi snu i o^a and otiicr ln-avv loads und have nut vt tu pay one cent tor repairs i inok upon tue piedmont wa«n»n astlir best thim ble s»eim wajjon made in tin l'niu-d statck tin timber ii»i'd i:i lln'in is mft^t excellent kid tliorouguly well seas»n«-d tckker p thom.vsok sai.isbc kt n c ah 27th 1^6 a'.i't.it two re-irs jirr 1 boa»ht nl'jno a rtiyden aona iiorsc piedmont ffsyon which 1st june much bcrvicc aud no ait of it hu broken or givon away and couscqiu-nt iv it hmcost iiklhinu j;>r rrpaire juii.n i i1i:m.y sai.t.-brny x c sept 3 i 18h6 eighteen months a?o i boimlit l john k botdcn » 2j inrh thimble skein picd jt.ont wafion ami ii ivc used it prt-ttv mnrh all tue time and it has proved to in a tir-t rate wagon nothing about it has siven w»y aad thcref«>re it lias required no re pjirj t a v alton sai.im3t.i;y n c s.j.t sih iss6 18 months a_ro i bnueht fth airent in sal it bury a 2i in thimble skein piedmont w»j(on their lightest onc-hi>rsc waijcin i h*ve k«-pt it in almost cnnstanl ihc ami durin the time hive hauled on it lit least 75 loads of wood and that without any breakage or repairs l it walton for salf oue brick house and lot on the corner f fulton ami kerr streets about vna cre in lot one frame house and lot on lee tn-et due frame llou-^c and lot on main street also shares in x c r r enquire of mrs ii e and mias vic toria johnson tit tiieir home on main street 40 tf rkrman carp 1 '' 11 ™' p^nd fortermh address v k fkaley sal toury >'. c tf l'aktnpf tty-'jl us iihdv k s i vu i t-.t i i k v ' k l cfk.i wtk s-i i ril:m ll.k'.y n r ni.t^.i i n » ad n-*.'iw,i t thru hi-r.1 i no wi.l.-v<i m hnm'in ■txmi th crr tlr i-ciil rnrv i iw chrrl j.»r im gn ezm n.l..7-..l i»i,.r i r-..n..nmi g . t gtvine ul r i'p.rtirmr.r rtv r\fj>ir iny k?jj mwpicajl t-'"i i'»iii.s v ■- l-fii i riling hr\i * colfghinoiffi uhayeb dealers in fresh meat and ice tijc choicest beef the market affords jways on hand . r i0:;):n ttoves and heaters coo a stoves and raxges i have the host and prettist lot of coal and wood stoves ever offered in this market many of them of the latest and most approved patents — suitable for par lors dining rooms stores ofiiees,euurehe8 school houses shops and sitting rooms lar^-e and small call and see them and hear price lm avm brown p acres <> f good land g milt jjj from salisbury ca the concord road ww terra reitsoaable for.cash • 1:w pxsi{:;ly u'dwict elys catarrh cleanses to w^-h^^gjj^s^l pas:aces allay sd^s.^u * pain andlnflamma-ra&tf everip j tlon healsthifc f$$m sores bsstoras je^fi 3 senses of tast | sstf^^i^s ; and smell jlp v 0 j try the cure hay-fever j catarbh i is a disease of the mucous membrane generally originating in the nasal \ as ' i snges ami mafntainin its ptroii«ihold in ; the head from this point it sends forth ; a poisonous virus iuto the stomach r.id \ ' thrr.upli the digestive organs corrupting j iln blood and producing other trouble ! some and dangerous symptoms a pitticle is appllel into each nostril and h asre«»;ible prloe so it t irujgrists by mall r\-i-ii-ivil 51 rents 1.1 v bkos u greenwich street new york 45:tf subscribe for the carolina watchman if you wish a go-d article 01 1'i.lo tobacco isk vour dealer foi old eip i unfailing specific for liver disease j t.'ls ! j.7:c • mouth tongue coated white or covered with ii brown fur pain in the back si.irs i,r joints often mistaken lor rheumatism sour stomach loss at appetite sometimes nausea and water bnisli or indigestion ; fiatulenev ind acid eructations bowels alternately e«stiv and lax hchihulu ; loss of memory with a painful sensation of having foiled to do bomethlnk which ought to have been done debility low spirits a thick yellow np pcarancu of the r,ki:i and eyes a dry cough fever reetlessness the urine it scanty arid hi^l colored and if allowed to stand uepumu a sediment simmons liver regulator purely vegetable ik generally used in tho mouth to srous the torpid liver to a healthy action it acts with extraordinary efficacy on th tsvsr g^idneys 1 and bowels ah effectual specific tor fllalarin bowel complaints dyspopaia sick hrartache conntijiittion hillousncm kidney affection jaundice slontal iu'pr«!hhioii colic endorsed by the w of 7 mjllia :( b-uici n the best family medicine fur children fur adults an.l for the aged n only genuine fc.-.s our z sump in red m front of wrapper j h zeilin & co philadelphia pa 1 soi.a rnofiustoks i'rice s!.oo this space is reserved for jyv h reisner the jeweler ! 1t the one price stores — of 1 kluttz # rendleman are still oirini k largest and best sslecled m of at the lowest prices in salisbury i5ip lot of underwear , just in at 25 cts to the best lambs wool overshirts 75 cts to 1 75 pure vi ol socks all colors 25 cts new stock of carpets lu'(is and ha8sacks neck\vear enough for everybody at prices that sell them big assortment of clothing dry goods and notions hats boy's and men's new hats from 25 cts up brass bound buckets 25 ct brooms for everybody the biggest assortment in town from li'i to 40 cts sugars 6j 71 s and 10 cts and lots of good tilings remember we buy your produce as well as sell you cheap ivli cash oli barter come and see for yourself 39:ly a hie crapy s0ssili a strong company seeking 0 i0^&k0tik prompt home pairaaim fetllillll reliable ! literal ! j - rhodes browxk agents w^jbjj 9tm*tnt in all cities towds and william c coaet villages in the soutk sbtntutv j allen brown rodent agent salisbury n c ii~.t — i-t iirirl avoid uio i^tfusi^oii rf pfeteattout rt ' tsrirxrff 1 ilan-ai*o niouj5&y li l buncl/uii is^bised their ri 13»ejsfll»£.oiwfoiai p^tsf rv ■<± n 14 ti . : , ; '-_, i » tl » s>urer«tri>t th«tai3 prof csj^ima n«oti«'»r:d v \;:^^^* i v$f rautuijui ' ntol ' uj:nt ". i u»<i ai '' a ki.ucalc.ro fc-^.-rv v ■-.•>• vfvv h j k w ka ' l ' <! nieeticsl prin.-:plr bj di.-cc ivoaknc-an-.irii^iv i j corv-'i v n : c "' ' t?«^t^v&>?''jpf^^'"ntf the nt mitikuf in rprnlsc d!9 icrdk-i v = vl ls-j-i-t vrv-i v 1 -.- > v-viy.r,?r in'ii:;ncri 5 feit v-.thont deity the b«nr-l tboosar.deavs iup 7 nteo:uto!7 res-".-o r'e-'"i:-e w n 11 ' 0 ''., v a or '-' mn ''? r c nn . r ' 1 ' .?' h * br^i dlldbro'rp-i f'n-a—i r.on tn j i i'n 1 1 f-vin-^^n-n - i 1 *-*- ei s.^3 n cdt:iet*t m 1.11 ar»p*»cn h«rk the patient ifrfwtknd faltl.:^p^.n h and vito^^iiil brc^i^uw picilyb^hubotlikimlhtudl.aiih v^^h^x^b^n teeatk£ht.-t=3 afrett 3 tttd'hmlml rir t7 si 1 ,!^!^^ karris remedy co mm ckeirsts nuall-acka()t-ri!v:i'..«:.i j!i c n u-br,hvf..«-r eoom jt tenth street bt.louln ko kuptyr?e3 rcr.cor.^3 c^n f.-.o ft.es trls cro 1 --? appllsnoc asx fcr tcrm 25:ly by t j iffiuxer the winston tit in-city daihf says : all the iron and steel for the texas state capital at austin was bought in england at 1173,000 less than the same could have been purchased for in this country duty included ____ the winston tuin-city daily says : professor proctor figures that the earth is shrinking about two inches a year that accounts for the nervous anxiety manifested by some people to possess it while it is of some size the painting in the dome of the capitol at washington is the largest in the world and cost 50,000 the j unfinished frieze work at the base of the dome is now being completed by an italian artist who is employed by the government at ten dollars a day those in charge sent a long way for a cheap man it is arrrrcmnced that the oleomar garine law will be severely handled by commissioner of internal revenue miller in his coming annual repor nobody complains of the license tax he says save the retail dealers ami he will recommend that this feature of the law be modified as it is oppressive and unjust under the existing conditions it is claimed that the law has actually worked in the interests of tl e oleomar garine men whom it was designed to hurt government supervision and stamps simply give an official indorse ment to the article tlie commissioner says the law his been successfully en forced but its workings are far different in results from what was anticipated by the dairy men rin^s in trees mr r w furras an agent of the u s foresting department who has given much attention to tl e age ot trees as indicated by ring as well as to the age at which different species of trees stop growing says : concentric or annual rings heretofore accepted i evidence are not proof of the age cf the tree and in support of this as sertion mentions many i stances of trees known to have more rings than years of growth and soius which had fewer rings than years of growth the variations are very considerable some trees producing from two to twelve rings in a year and others producing none the trees east of the rocky mountains or along the shores of th atlantic are not so long-lived as those on the pacific ,^», a t£rrible fight eight lions and their trainer battling in a cage a london cable dispatch to the new york sun says : early this morning ther was a fearful and exciting battle in the jubilee exhibition at liverpool delnionico the most plucky tamer of beasts has been exciting the nerves of the visitors for a long time by trifling in a cage with three big forest lions five more lions of a different kind but very big also arrived from africa yesterday and were put at once into the big cage with the three already at home there they had no training but delmonico went in among them and thrilled the crowd that filled the menagerie by an unusually sensational performance when he had done mile kora his partner went in with the lions anil took a little dog this was rejeited four times during the day and the five new lions were too much stunned by the huge noisy crowd about th m and the repeated visits of the lady gentleman and dog to think of anything else their astonishment had not worn off and they were still quiet when left alone for the night by the attendants at 10 o'clock shortly after midnight however the menagerie was filled with a frightful roaring and snarling and a servant sleeping on the premises rushed in to rind the big iron cage rocking and the eight lions lighting furiously rolled up into a huge dark ball from which the blood-stained fur was flying in all di rections the huge be:ists rolled over and over dashing madly against the siles of the cage and biting pieces out of each other with a ferocity that was sickening all the sights organized to gratify man's fondness for fighting would have seemed the tame>t child's play in comparison after awhile it became evident that there were two distinct sides in the bat tle and the new arrivals were pitted at unfair odds against the lions who had bjen in possession the efforts of the servants to separate them only increas ed the'r fury and at last he rushed off i for deim.miieo who was asleep near ly ' ill edge lane the trainer arrived half clad and found his lions bleeding fear fully but still lighting the battle w;:s narrowing down to a duel between two of the biggest lion 0 , which were rapidly biting each other to pieces in the middle of the cage oc casionally the battle became general and for a few seconds there would be a wild jumble of snarling lions with a savage crunching of tee*h to tell how the flesh was being torn the ap f>earance of delmonico with a ivd lot iron produced an effect and all but the two chief combatants stopped fighting and crouched sullenly down licking their bloody wounds and snarl ing encouragement to the two leaders on these in their rage hot iron was useless even when applied to raw flesh the lions responded to the burning sen sation only by tearing away at each other tro:"e fiercely at last delmonico fearing he would lose his two greatest actors took a reso lution which would probably not have occurred to any other man if the exis tence of the entire animal creation had been threatened he entered the cage half-clad as he was and shut himself in lie next opened a door communicating with a second cage and drove into it like so many sheep the six lions that had been looking on meanwhile the other lions were still fighting although much weaker del monico's attempt to separate them were useless they paid not the slightest attention to him and although in their struggles they dashed against him they were evidently unconscious of his presence before the tamer could form any plan to separate them the fight ended of itself the big forest lion who had been defending his home against the five strangers rolled over on his back growled faintly and died as the other seized him again by the throat one of the front legs was gnawed off com pletely a hind leg was chewed to a pulp all of the mane and most of the neck was bitten away and the body was covered with blood as was the entire cage there was not on the dead lion an unbitten whole piece of skin large enough to have made a glove he had fought for his rights just as long as he had been able to work his teeth and claws the victor seemed at first inclined to dash at the tamer and at the lions in the neighboring cage but he changed his mind under delmonico's eye and after a weak but triumphant roar over the body of his victim he retired into a corner and moaned over his wounds although conquerer he was not to be envied his uiaue was gone and his borlt looked as though an especially wicked harrow had been repeatedly dragged over it blood trickled from a hundred ugly wound and there is little hope that he will live curiously enough not one of the lions had its tail bitten off in the fray which seems to indicate that some code of honor exists among lions which prevents them from making each other ridiculous even in the deadliest combat the widow's dau<jhtsr detroit free press in the winter of isflt while a por tion of my regiment the 25th new york cavalry was at pleasant valley sid to obtain a remount word wns received by the post commander that a confederate scout named william bax ter but who was known to us as bil lv bowlegs was on a visit to his mo ther miio lived between the potomac at that point and a villiage in virginia called unionto'wn there were a num ber of col kane's buektails scouting for the federals and making pleasant valley their headquarters and as i had been detailed on several occasions for scout service and had made a good rec ord i was instructed to select five men and crhss the river and secure billy dead or alive the fact that he was at home was fully established and the location of the farm house was known to two of the men who accompanied me we wore ferried across the poto mac one evening at dusk just where the long highway bridge had b-en burned and then we had a walk of about eleven miles to make although '• billy bowlegs was a fearless man and a handy shot we didn't figure that it needed five men to capture him the country between the river and uniontown was then overrun with bushwhackers and guer rillas and we anticipated more or less trouble with them the scant had been twice captured by the federals and he was described to us as slender build medium height fair complexion and dark eyes enough was km vn about his nerve to know that he would not be taken alive if he had any show to fight and therefore as we approached the house about mid night from across a field we were anx iously wondering how we should get at him if we broke in we might and probably would find him in bed it t\;is a still clear night rather cold and we htmjg about fornalf an hour before adopting a plan then we decided to break in the doors two of us went to the front and two to the back door while the fifth man stood ready to re ceive the scout in case he dropped from a second story window supposed to be iu his bedroom we crept softly up and at a signal both do-ir were burst . no they weren't neither of them gave an inch under the pressure and in response to the efforts we made a woman's voice ] call out who is it and what's wanted open the door or w/1 brer-k it down wait one minute she struck a light and we heard her moving about and in a couple of min utes rhe front door opened and a gray { haired woman of 45 stood there with a ! candle in her hand union soldiers eh come right in she said smiling as if glad to see jus i posted three of the men around the house and entered with the other and as soon as i was inside i said madam we have come for your son we know he is here we shall take him dead or alive oh you have come for billy have you exclaimed a girl about 18 years of age who came running down stairs at that moment excuse me gentle men for not being fully dressed but yon didn't send us any word she laughed in a merry way while the mother smiled good-naturedly she had on a neat fitting calico dress a ribbon at her neck and except that her hair looked tumbled she looked as well prepared as if shv expected our coming yes jennie they want billy said the mother as she placed the candle on a stand and we are bound to take him dead or alive i added in a loud voice uspecting the scout was within hear ing oh how sorry laughed the girl if brother billy had only known you were coming but he didn't you stv and so he went away at dark he'll never forgive himself never we must search the house i said oh certainly mammy you light another candle and i'll show the gen tlemen around perhaps the sight of billy's old clothes would do them good well sir we hunted that house from attic to cellar and all we foun 1 was an old suit of billy's clothes the scout had skipped and the best i could do was to apologize to mother and daugh ter accept a midnight luncheon at the hands of the latter and take the back track for the river i'll own up too that i was dead gone on jennie be fore i left and that i said to her as 1 squeezed her hand it parting when the war is over i'm coming to ask you to be my wife and and i'll siy say y-e-s,"she whispered in my ear we got back to the ferry soon after da light and there met a union farm er living neighbor to the widow when he heard what we had been up to he asked was the widow all alone 4 xo her daughter jennie was there daughter jennie describe her good looking girl of medium height black eyes and hair and a sweet talker i'm going back to marry her after the war h over bet you a farm you don't that ar gal jennie was nobody else but that ar scout billy bowlegs he jist jumped into pome of his mammy's clothes and you pig head couldn't see through it he was right i met billy in har per's ferry after the war and he want ed to know i£i bud taken out the mar riage license yet never swear 1 it w mean a boy of high moral standing would almost as soon steal u sheep as to swear 2 it is vulgar altogether too low for a decent boy 3 it is cowardly — implying afearof not being believed or obeyed 4 it is ungentlemanly a gentle man nccording to webster is a gen teel man well bred refined such a man will no more swear than go into the street to throw mud with a chim ney sweep 5 it is indecent — offensive to deli cacy and extremely unfit for human ears 6 it is foolish want of decency is want of sense 7 it is abusive — to the mind which conceives the tongue which utters it and to the person at whom it is aimed 8 it is venomous showing a boy's heart to be a nest of vipers and every time he swears one of them sticks out its head 9 it is contemptible forfeiting the respect of all the wise and good 10 it is wicked violating the di vine law and provoking the displeasure of him who will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain — balti more methodist an indian community the population of the cherokee na tion is about 24,000 the nation com prises 11.000.000 acres of some of the finest land in the world of this 5,000 000 are occupied and 6,000,000 are leased to cattle syndicates the chero kee country is rich in mineral resources some of the ii nest coal beds in the country are now in process of develop ment " it is well wooded well watered and is equally applicable to cattle rais ing or agriculture the land is held in common any cherokee citizen can cultivate as much land as he feels like provided he does not infringe on the claim of his neighbor he can fence in any amount of unoccupied domain he desires to cultivate but mnst leave a ice o a quarter of a mile between i his fence and that of the next planta tion this vacant space is used as a common for grazing and road purposes rochester democrat words of wisdom no one loves the man whom 1 « fears mirth is the best phrsician for man's toils mildness of address and manner is by no means an unimportant seasoning to friendship if yon are terrible to many then be ware of many not by years but by disposition is wisdom acquired wish to l>e what you are ami con sider nothing preferable the art of exalting lowliness and giving greatness to little things is one of the noblest functions of genius let us help the fallen still though they never pay us and let ns lend without expecting the usury of grati tude one of the original tendencies of the human mind fundamental and univer sal is the love of other people's private affairs the man to whom virtue is but the ornament of character something over andat^to not essential to it it not yet a iftinf promise not twice to any man the service you may be able to render him and be not loquacious if you wish to b esteemed for your kindness never hold any one by the button or the hand in order to be heard out for if people are unwilling to hear you you had better hold your tongue than them there are many shifts and charges but if we stand still and bide our time the current which was this way to-day will set in an opposite direction to-mor row and it it should not do so what is that to us ? the bitterest tears shed over grave are for words left unsaid and deeds left undone she never knew how i loved her he never knew what he was to me i always meant to make more of our friendship such words are thft poisoned arrows which cruel death shoots backward at us from the door of the sepulchre where he learned it he was a pretty little fellow but it «";>< his manners not his look that attracted everybody - clerks in the stores people in the horse cars men women and children a boy four yean old who if any one said to him how do you do answered i am well thanks and if he had a request to make bo it of friend or stranger began it with please and the beauty of it was that the thanks and please were such a matter of course to th child that he never knew he was doing anything at all noticeable how cunning it is said a showy woman to his mother as they sat at th public table of a hotel oa day to hear the child thank the waiters and say please he wants anything 1 never saw anything so sweet my children have to be constantly told if i want them to thank people how well you must have taught him that he never forgets he has always b?en accustomed to it said the mother we have ahvaya said please to him when we wished him to do anything and have thanked him he knows no other way the showy woman looked as if h did not need any further explanation of the way in which habits are formed probably you do not wide awake ten useful maxims 1 nev?r put off till to-morrow what yoi can do to-day 2 never trouble others 3 never spend your money brfor you have it 4 never buy what you do not want because it is cheap 5 recollect that pride is mors irk some to be ijorne than either hunger thirst or cold g never feast so that you will b obliged to fast after it 7 nothing is felt troublesome that is done willingly 8 never anticipate evil an imagin ed calamity u always more painful than the real one 9 always take hold of things by their smooth handle 10 always count 10 before you speak if angry — if greatly so count 100 a large estate a broad land is this in which we live dotted so thickly with thrifty j cities towns and villages \ amid them all with ever-increasing popularity and helpfulness is dr puree's golden medical discovery giving hope and cheer where there is disease and de spair wherever there is humanity tnere is suffering wherever there is suffering there u the best field for this j greatest american remedy consump ! tion i which is lung-scrofula ie!dj to it if employed in the early stages of the disease chronic nasal catarrh ■vields to it kidney and liver diseases yield to it if you want the b.«st known remedy for all diseases r>f the blood ask for dr pieree's wider m«l cal drcovery and t ke no oil e &£$ • !:«-. wxie carolina watchman vol xix.-thied series sausbury h c thursday november 17 1837 no 4
Object Description
|Carolina Watchman
|The Carolina Watchman
|Technical Metadata
|Image was scanned by OCLC at the Preservation Service Center in Bethlehem, PA. Archivial image is an 8-bit greyscale tiff that was scanned from microfilm at 400 dpi. The original file size was
|[J. J. Bruner and T. K. Bruner]
|Date Digital
|[J. J. Bruner and T. K. Bruner]
|United States, North Carolina, Rowan County, Salisbury
|Digital Format
|Project Subject
|State Archives of North Carolina Historic Newspaper Archive
|The Thursday, November 17, 1887 issue of the Carolina Watchman a weekly newspaper from Salisbury, North Carolina
|The SA of NC considers this item in the public domain by U.S. law but responsibility for permissions rests with researchers.
|OCLC number
|Carolina Watchman
|The Carolina Watchman
|Technical Metadata
|Image was scanned by OCLC at the Preservation Service Center in Bethlehem, PA. Archivial image is an 8-bit greyscale tiff that was scanned from microfilm at 400 dpi. The original file size was 5162070 Bytes
|Date Digital
|Hamilton C. Jones
|United States, North Carolina, Rowan County, Salisbury
|Digital Format
|Project Subject
|State Archives of North Carolina Historic Newspaper Archive
|An archive of the Carolina Watchman a weekly and semi weekly newspaper from Salisbury, North Carolina
|The SA of NC considers this item in the public domain by U.S. law but responsibility for permissions rests with researchers.
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text:
Consensus Report
Prospects for Managed Underground Storage of Recoverable Water (2008)Water Science and Technology Board
Each report is produced by a committee of experts selected by the Academy to address a particular statement of task and is subject to a rigorous, independent peer review; while the reports represent views of the committee, they also are endorsed by the Academy. Learn more on our expert consensus reports.
Growing demands for water in many parts of the nation are fueling the search for new approaches to sustainable water management, including how best to store water. Society has historically relied on dams and reservoirs, but problems such as high evaporation rates and a lack of suitable land for dam construction are driving interest in the prospect of storing water underground. The National Research Council convened a committee to assess past experiences with managed underground water storage systems and to identify research priorities for development of future underground storage projects. The resulting report concludes that managed underground storage should be considered a valuable tool in a water manager's portfolio and recommends ways to address the unique challenges posed by managed underground storage systems through research and regulatory measures.
Key Messages
- A better understanding is needed of potential removal processes for microbes and contaminants in the different types of aquifer systems being considered for MUS.
- A better understanding of the contaminants that might be present in each of the potential sources of recharge water is needed, especially for underutilized sources of water for MUS, such as stormwater runoff from residential areas.
- Although failures have occurred and the potential for contaminating groundwater is a considerable risk, most MUS systems have successfully achieved their stated purposes.
- An independent advisory panel can provide objective, third party guidance and counsel regarding design, operation, maintenance, and monitoring strategies for an MUS project. An independent panel can increase public acceptance of and confidence in the system if such trust is warranted.
- Antidegradation is often the stated goal of water quality policies, including policies that apply to underground storage of water. For any MUS project -- including storage of potable water, stormwater, and recycled water -- it is important to understand how water quality differences between native groundwater and the stored water will be viewed by regulators, who are charged with satisfying those regulatory mandates.
- Growing experience with MUS systems indicates that hydrogeological feasibility analysis including aquifer characterization is one of several important components in their development and implementation. The benefits of doing so include establishing the hydraulic capacity, recharge rates, residence times, and recoverable fraction of the introduced water -- all of which help identify the optimum design and viability of the MUS system.
- MUS projects can exhibit numerous and complementary economic benefits, but they also entail costs. Some of those benefits and costs are unlikely to be incorporated in the calculations of individual water users that is, there may be spillover costs to third parties or spillover benefits that are not given market valuations.
- New surrogates or indicators of pathogen and trace organic contaminant presence are needed for a variety of water quality parameters to increase the certainty of detecting potential water quality problems through monitoring. The categorization of chemicals and microorganisms into groups with similar fate and transport properties and similar behavior in treatment steps is one approach to streamline the list of potential contaminants to be monitored.
- Pathogen removal or disinfection is often required prior to storing water underground. If primary disinfection is achieved via chlorination, disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids are formed. These have been observed to persist in some MUS systems.
- Regulations are, quite properly, being developed at the state level that will require a certain residence time, travel time, or travel distance for recharge water prior to withdrawal for subsequent use.
- Relatively little research has been done to characterize the extent of vertical migration of fine-grained particles into the sediments beneath surface spreading facilities. Likewise, the science and technology of cleaning recharge basins is not well developed.
- Some simple forms of MUS have been used for millennia, and even the most recent development -- aquifer storage and recovery -- now has about four decades of history behind it. These systems use water from a variety of sources such as surface water, groundwater, treated effluent, and occasionally stormwater.
- Some states have created statutory schemes that are tailored to MUS projects.
- Successful MUS involves careful and thorough chemical and microbiological monitoring to document system performance and evaluate the reliability of the process. Each MUS project needs real-time monitoring of the quality of the waters being introduced into underground storage and of waters being extracted from storage for use.
- The development of an MUS system from project conception to a mature, well functioning system is a complex, multistage operation requiring interdisciplinary knowledge of many aspects of science, technology, and institutional issues.
- The federal regulatory requirements for MUS are inconsistent with respect to treatment of similar projects.
- The presence and behavior of emerging contaminants (e.g., endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products) is of concern, especially with reclaimed wastewater.
- Water resources development has been characterized by substantial federal and state subsidies. As water shortages intensify, the political pressure for investment in new technologies will increase.
- Groundwater numerical modeling at regional and/or high resolution local scales provides a cost-effective tool for planning, design, and operation of a MUS system
- Long-term local and regional impacts of MUS systems on both native groundwater and surface water have been recognized, including changes in groundwater recharge, flow, and discharge, and effects on aquifer matrix such as compaction of confining layers or clay interlayers during recharge and recovery cycles.
- Surface spreading facilities sometimes require large amounts of land, particularly where large amounts of water are recharged or the geology is not ideal. Recharge well systems require less land but may have as many different factors to consider in their placement. Optimization of recharge facility placement is important but not always well understood.
- The challenges to sustaining present and future water supplies are great and growing. The present overdrafting of aquifers and overallocation of rivers in many regions is a clear indication of these challenges, but the former also creates in many cases the underground storage potential needed to accommodate MUS systems. Thus, demand for water management tools such as MUS is likely to continue to grow.
- The subsurface has the capacity to attenuate many chemical constituents and pathogens via physical (e.g., filtration and sorption), chemical, and biological processes. In places where the groundwater quality is saline or otherwise poor, the implementation of MUS will likely improve overall groundwater quality and provide a benefit to the aquifer.
- To facilitate the siting and implementation of MUS systems, maps of favorable aquifers and hydrogeological characteristics can be prepared using three-dimensional (3-D) capable geographical information systems (GIS).

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Arsenal Football Club is delighted to announce that France international Olivier Giroud has agreed to join the Club on a long-term contract.
The 25-year old striker completed a medical before agreeing terms at the Club's training ground on Monday evening. The completion of the transfer is now just the subject of formal processes.
Giroud arrives from French champions Montpellier, where 21 goals in 36 league appearances made him the French league's joint top goalscorer last season and also earned him a place in the Ligue 1 Team of the Year.
Giroud, who enjoyed a two-year spell at the Stade de la Mosson and broke into the national team in November 2011, flew to London after representing Les Bleus at the European Championship in Ukraine and Poland.
The Chambéry-born player spent his formative years in France's lower leagues, developing his game with Grenoble, on loan at FC Istres and then at Tours FC, where he played alongside Laurent Koscielny for a season before being awarded the Ligue 2 Player of the Year award in 2009/10.
Manager Arsène Wenger said: "We are delighted to have secured the signing of Olivier Giroud. He has a very good physical presence and is exceptional in the air, with a great work ethic. We are excited about Olivier joining us and he will add an additional dimension to our attacking options next season.
"He has proved that he is capable of performing at the top level with club and country, and we saw what a big influence he was in Montpellier's championship-winning side last season. We all look forward to Olivier joining us and seeing him play in an Arsenal shirt."
Giroud, whose contract with Arsenal will officially commence on July 1, said: "I am delighted to be here at Arsenal and to be part of one of the great teams in English football. It's a huge satisfaction to join this great club and it's been a dream since I was young to play in the Premier League.
"I was attracted by the philosophy of football and Arsène Wenger's 'touch' at this club. I have always admired Arsenal with its great history and reputation, and I now hope to achieve great things here. I'm very proud to be a Gunner and I will give my best for all the Arsenal fans."
Giroud will join up with the Gunners for the Club's pre-season preparations ahead of the new season.
Via Arsenal.com


text:
Online Support
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Answer following 10 Questions with "Yes" or "No"
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After completing the quiz above and pressing the "Continue" button, you will be directed to a page specifically designed for your skill level.


text:
Bank Subjected Women to Wage Discrimination and a Sexually Hostile Environment, Then Fired Employee for Complaining, Agency Charges
CLEVELAND - The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) charged in a lawsuit announced today that JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. violated federal law by subjecting female employees to wage discrimination, a sexually hostile environment and retaliation at its Polaris Park facility in Columbus, Ohio.
According to the EEOC's suit (Case No. 1:09-cv-00711), filed in U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio, the EEOC charges that since April 2007, shortly after Aimee Doneyhue was hired, she noticed that women were subjected to terms and conditions of employment which negatively impacted their compensation, including their ability to earn commissions and bonuses. Additionally, the EEOC says, women were subjected to verbal sexual harassment. Finally, the EEOC says that Chase Bank fired Doneyhue for complaining about the foregoing practices.
Such alleged conduct violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits employment discrimination based on national origin, race, color, sex (including sexual harassment or pregnancy) or religion and protects employees who complain about or oppose such discrimination from retaliation.
The EEOC filed suit after first attempting to reach a voluntary settlement. The EEOC seeks to eliminate these discriminatory practices and have JPMorgan Chase Bank compensate the victim for her monetary losses and to provide equal opportunities to female employees.
"It is disturbing that women still face the barriers and stereotypes they faced more than 40 years ago when Title VII was enacted," said Debra Lawrence, acting regional attorney of the EEOC's Philadelphia District. "JPMorgan Chase Bank is a leader in its industry; it's too bad it's not a leader in best business practices for equal employment opportunity."
According to company information, JPMorgan Chase Bank is engaged in the business of providing financial services for consumers, small business and commercial banking and is one of the industry's leading providers of home mortgages and home equity loans. It employs more than 500 persons.
The EEOC enforces federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination. Further information about the EEOC is available on its web site at www.eeoc.gov.
This page was last modified on September 29, 2009.
Return to Home Page


text:
Bucknell Observatory
Physics Dept | Faculty & Staff | Majors | SPS | Coffee Talks | Research | REU | Astronomy | Course Info | Web Resources | Bucknell
Prestep Point the telescope at an object for alignment purposes, as you would in all circumstances. This entails finding a bright, known star in the finder scope and then centering the bright star in the eyepiece. Lock the scope.
1- Remove the "visual back" which is the collective name for the star diagonal and eyepiece, as well as the port where the diagonal slides in. This can be done by unscrewing the ring connected to the tube of the scope.
2- Screw the CCD camera, which is connected to a different visual back, onto the back of the scope. The threads are fine, so the elements must be flush to screw it. Having someone else support the CCD camera while you are attempting to match the threads might be a good idea, since the CCD costs upwards of $3000, equivalent to the price of a freshman meal plan. It's that expensive...
3- Plug the grey parallel cable into the computer's parallel port and run the other end to the white parallel cable attached to the CCD. Plug the camera power cord into the outlet on the deck. If it is on, it will make a low hum from the cooling fan. If you hear no hum, check the power connection to the back of the camera. These connections open a line of communication between the camera and the computer, as well as providing the camera with power.
4- Plug the telescope control cable into serial port 1. This phone-looking cable requires an adapter before it plugs into the computer, while the other end plugs straight into the RS232 port on the telescope. This makes the connection between "The Sky" program and the telescope.
5a- Go "Start"-"Programs"-"The Sky Astronomy Software" to start "The Sky" telescope control program.
5b- Select "Telescope"-"Setup"- and choose "LX200" from the telescope list. Also, unclick the "switch to night vision mode" box if it is not unclicked already.
5c- Select "Telescope" - "Link" - "Establish"
5d-Click on the star upon which you have manually aligned the telescope. This should bring up a menu. Click the "telescope" tab and click "sync" if you are centered on this object. Click "OK". If you have difficulty bringing up the star information by clicking, right click to bring up the "find" menu and select the star from the catalog.
6a- Go "Start"-"Programs-"CCDsoft"-"CCDsoft Version 5" to start up the CCD program.
6b- Within the CCDSOFT program, go to "Camera"-"Setup" and make sure the camera is defined as "SBIG ST-777E/7XE". Also, click on the "temperature" option and make sure that it is on and set to -5 degrees and turned on. Going into the temperature menu should automatically connect the camera to the computer. You can tell that this has happen by the "status" line in the setup window, which will say "connected" if the link was successfully established. If it is not connected, click "Connect" to do so manually.
7a- Focusing is the hardest part. Go to the "Camera"-"Focus Tools" menu in CCDSoft, and set a short exposure time (around .1-.5 seconds depending on the intrinsic brightness of the object). Also, change the "bin" to 3x3 from 1x1. Now, instead of looking at each individual pixel of the CCD chip separately, the program will look at boxes of 9 pixels together. While we lose some resolution, it is effectively 9 times faster, which is important for the focusing step. Start taking images. You should see a faint doughnut on the screen if you're aligned properly.
Bonus Directions! Check to see if the star is centered as you are focusing. If not, you can slew by using "Telescope"- "Motion Control" within The Sky. A reasonable slew rate is 5 minutes, if the star is in the field of view. You can see the results of the slew by looking in CCDSoft's focus window. Trial and error is the best way to gauge which direction you must slew. Remember that "up" and "north" don't neccessarily correlate, due to the optics as well as the position of the star in the sky. You must re-sync within The Sky after centering the star, in a fashion similiar to step 5d.
7b- Back to the focusing, only there's a catch. The Sky controls the focusing, but you want to focus from within CCDSoft. You need to connect the two programs. To do this, go to "Telescope"-"Options"- "Initialize" in The Sky. Click "Focus Steps" and, if you are very unfocused change these values to 1000 for large and 100 for small. When you get closer to being focused, you can reduce the focus step, perhaps to 100 and 10, or 50 and 5. Often times there is a range of ~50-100 focus units where it is very difficult to tell whether your focus is improving. Don't be too legalistic.
7c- Now you get to focus. If you are initially looking at a
large dim doughnut you will need to zoom IN substantially, on the
order of 9,000 focus units. At first, pick a "large" focus
size, which should move you 1000 units at a time. Once you feel like
you are getting close (the dougnuts are going away) you should change
the bin to 2x2 instead of 3x3. This will take longer, but you will be
able to tell when you are making progress. You might also want to use
the "small" focus size, which is only 100 units worth of
focus change. Finally, when you are VERY close, switch down to 1x1
and make the last adjustments. You can zoom in on a specific region
of the image by clicking the "subframe" box to
"on" and drawing a box aroung the region you'd like to
focus on.
If you go past focus, such that you are now unfocused in the other direction, you must zoom back out. There is a phenomenon called "backlash" which occurs here. Basically, some of the focus units (about 500) go into changing direction from focusing in to focusing out. Because of this, the same amount of focusing will not be appropriate every time.
8a- Once you are focused you can take the image. Go to "Take Image" and set the integration time for something longer than what you are focusing at. You want to get something like 30000 counts at the maximum, so whatever integration time leads to that would be appropriate.
8b- Sometimes you can be focused and still not see the
features that you are looking for. This is because the image has
become saturated, since it is set to show light which is weak with
the same color (white) that it shows light which is strong. To change
this, go to the menu which controls the display properties and go
into the "brightness and contrast" option. Chance the
background and range until the more useful properties of the image
become apparent. A good first guess for the background value is 250,
with 1000 for the range. Trial and error works best for this. This
method might show that more, fine adjustment is needed.
9- In order to move from one object to another, we will use The Sky's "find" command. Right click on the starry background, and choose "find" from the menu. Use the categories on the left to narrow your search to the object for which you are looking. For instance, if you are looking for a planet, click "planet" and then select the one that you are looking for. Once you specify the desired object, you can slew by hitting the green telescope shaped icon on the bottom panel of the find menu.
10- You will not have to focus too much on a new object, since as far as the telescope is concerned, all stars and planets are essentially infinitely far away. So, make some minor adjustments until the second object is as crisp as possible, and repeat step 8 to take the image. You may need to change integration time, depending on the comparative brightness of the two objects.
Having a problem not covered here? Go to the Trouble Shooting Page.
Back to Observatory PageThis page was originally authored by Eric Furst '03 and is now maintained by Ned Ladd and Jack Gallimore.


text:
The Friends of Cross Country hosted their annual year-end banquet this past weekend
HONESDALE — Hundreds of family members and fans turned out this past weekend to officially close out yet another outstanding cross country season.
Honesdale's junior high and varsity teams once again piled up the wins in Lackawanna League action, then made their mark at the District Two and PIAA levels as well.
On Sunday evening, these talented distance runners were honored at their annual year-end banquet, which was held in the high school cafeteria.
Lindsey Pender and her dedicated band of assistants presided over the festivities.
Awards & Accolades
Any conversation about Honesdale's 2012 cross country season must begin with Summer Hill.
One of the greatest runners in program history, Hill put the finishing touches on a record-setting career with a campaign of unforgettable performances.
Summer was honored as the Lady Hornets' Most Outstanding Runner thanks to a dazzling resume that includes individual medals at both the District Two and PIAA State Championships.
Hill also set brand new course records at Western Wayne (18:24), Carbondale Area (18:55), Forest City (18:38) and Montrose (19:56).
Lindsay Hilton was named 2012 "Rookie of the Year" and also received a berth on the Lackawanna League all stars.
"Most Improved Runner" status was accorded to Maggie O'Day, while Katie Miller took home the "ROC" award and also earned a Lackawanna League all star nod.
Lyndsey Wolfe was honored with the "Coaches Dedication" award.
On the boys' side of the ledger, Mark Tetonis was named Honesdale's "Most Outstanding Runner."
The junior consistently finished first among Hornet runners and battled his way to a 27th place overall showing in the District Two Class AA race (20:38).
Gavin Canfield earned "Rookie of the Year" honors, while Greg Senft was named "Most Improved Runner" and Logan Miller walked away with the "ROC" trophy.
Thomas Wolfe rounded out the boys awards by garnering "Coaches Dedication" recognition.
Honesdale's varsity squads also excelled at invitational meets this fall.
The Red & Black turned in stellar efforts at Bloomsburg, DeSales and the Lackawanna League Championships.
In accordance with tradition, team trophies for each of these events are given to the fifth runner in for each team … that boy or girl who officially stops the clock and shuts down the scoring.
This year's "Fifth Man" awards were presented to: Jacob Pepper (Bloomsburg), Mary O'Neill (Bloomsburg), Sydney Miller (DeSales) and Cheyenne Schneider (Lacka-wanna League).
Other Awards
In addition to these annual school awards, Honesdale's Friends of Cross Country also bestows several special honors on varsity runners.
The most prestigious of these is the "Coach Macey Vision" award.
A Hall of Famer who led this program to elite status over the course of a 30-year career, Joe Macey remains the face of Honesdale distance running.
In his honor, the Friends of Cross Country chose Haley West as the 2012 "Vision Award" recipient.
The Hornets' booster organization closed out the varsity portion of the evening with two more awards.
Summer Hill and Mark Tetonis were each feted for posting the fastest times on their home course this fall.
Hill covered Honesdale's challenging 3.1-mile layout in a blistering, school record time of 19:30. Tetonis stopped the clock in 19:52 for the boys.
To the surprise of no one, Honesdale cross country runners once again excelled in the classroom as well as athletically.
Kelli Jackson and Gavin Canfield led the way, each being honored with Academic Excellence awards.


text:
The End
The Holy War,
Letter cix. To Julian, Bishop of Cos.
The House of Offense
Watching the Horizon
Seasonable Counsel: Or, Advice to Sufferers.
The Medes and the Second Chaldaean Empire
The Assyrian Revival and the Struggle for Syria
Papal Tombs.
Nave's Topical IndexExodus 15:14-16
The people shall hear, and be afraid: sorrow shall take hold on the inhabitants of Palestina.
Nave's Topical Index
War with Endurance of Hardness
War with Steadfastness in the Faith
War without Earthly Entanglements
War: Be Clothed in White Clothing
War: Be Confessed by Christ in the Presence of God the Father
War: Be Pillars in the Temple of God
War: Called "The Armor of God"
War: Called "The Armor of Light"
War: Called "The Armor of Righteousness"
War: Called the Good Fight of Faith
War: Eat from the Tree of Life
War: Enemy Harangued by the General of the Opposing Side
War: Frequently Long Continued
War: Frequently Sore and Bloody
War: God: Gives the Victory In
War: God: Scatters Those Who Delight In
War: God: Strengthens his People For
War: God: Taught his People the Art of
War: Have a White Stone, and in It a New Name Written
War: Have Power Over the Nations
War: Have the Name of God Written Upon Them by Christ
War: Large Armies Frequently Engaged In
War: Mere Professors do not Maintain
War: Not be Hurt by the Second Death
War: Not Have Their Names Blotted out of the Book of Life
War: Often Arises from the Opposition of Friends or Relatives
War: Often Attended by Cruelty
War: Often Attended by Devastation
War: Often Attended by Pestilence
War: Often Sent As a Punishment for Sin
War: Originates in the Lusts of Men
War: Over all That Exalts Itself
War: Preceded by Great Preparation
War: Saints are all Engaged In
War: Sit With Christ on his Throne
War: Strengthened by Christ In
War: Symbolized by a Red Horse
War: The Breastplate of Righteousness
War: The Contest Between Antichrist and the Church
War: The Contest of Saints With the Enemies of Their Salvation
War: The Jews: Frequently Engaged in (See Joshua Chapters 6 Through 11)
War: The Malignity of the Wicked
War: The Preparation of the Gospel
War: Those Who Overcome In, Will Eat of the Hidden Manna
War: To be on the Right Hand and Left, an Idiom Meaning: "To Attack and to Defend."
War: Under Christ, As Our Captain
LinksBible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus


text:
Expedia-Verified Reviews
Don't miss out on a lower price on this hotel
Get an overview of this hotelHotel with spa and theater in downtown Detroit
Popular property highlights
5 minutes to Ford Field
MotorCity Casino Hotel offers an entertainment hotspot and base on the edge of downtown Detroit. For concerts, shows, and sporting events, guests can drive 5 minutes to Ford Field, Fox Theater, and Detroit Opera House. It's also 5 minutes by car to GM Renaissance Center, for dining and shopping.
Slots, shows, and a spa
The hotel's casino offers everything from slots to poker rooms. Big-name acts perform at the hotel's theater, a glitzy 2,400-person venue. Guests can dine on award-winning dishes at Iridescence, and get pampered at D.Tour Spa, which features thermal pools and private treatment rooms.
Luxury bedding, free WiFi
The hotel offers guests a touch of luxury with beds swaddled in 300-thread-count linen. All rooms include free WiFi, iPod® docks, and flat-screen TVs for entertainment. Guests can soak in a marble bathroom with tub, using D.Tour Spa products. In-room coffeemakers come stocked with Starbucks® coffee.
Languages Spoken
- English
MotorCity Casino Hotel
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
In addition to a spa tub, MotorCity Casino Hotel features a sauna and a fitness center. The hotel offers a restaurant and a snack bar/deli. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Public areas are equipped with complimentary high-speed wireless Internet access.
Business-related amenities at this 4.5-star property consist of a business center and meeting rooms. This luxury hotel also offers a casino and multilingual staff. Complimentary self parking and valet parking are available on site.
MotorCity Casino Hotel is a smoke-free property.
- Casino
- Elevator/lift
- Number of bars/lounges - 4
- Full-service spa
- 24-hour front desk
- Business center
- Conference space
- Spa treatment room(s)
- Porter/bellhop
- Express check-out
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Meeting rooms 10
- Coffee shop or café
- Free self parking
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free WiFi
- Free valet parking
- Sauna
- Free wired Internet
- Smoke-free property
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Free area shuttle
- Spa services on site
- Luggage storage
- ATM/banking
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Number of restaurants - 5
- Concierge services
- Gift shops or newsstand
- Snack bar/deli
- Spa tub
- 24-hour fitness facilities
- Total number of rooms - 400
- Number of floors - 17
- Wedding services
- Multilingual staff
- Free newspapers in lobby
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Free Wi-Fi
- Area shuttle (complimentary)
- Snack bar/deli
- Refrigerator
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi ,
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi , Free wired Internet
Languages Spoken
- English
Free self parking, Free valet parking
Room Amenities
- Premium TV channels
- Air conditioning
- Phone
- Bathrobes
- Refrigerator
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Iron/ironing board
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Flat-panel TV
- Free bottled water
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Coffee/tea maker
- Free newspaper
- Designer toiletries
- Desk
- Free local calls
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
- Free WiFi
- Wired Internet access (surcharge)
- Satellite TV service
- Number of bathrooms -
- Pay movies
- Premium bedding
- Private bathroom
- Separate bathtub and shower
- Slippers
- Room service (24 hours)
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge.
Iridescence - This fine-dining restaurant serves dinner only. Open select days.
Assembly Line Buffet - This buffet restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
The Lodge Diner - This diner serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Open 24 hours.
Grand River Deli - This delicatessen serves lunch and dinner.
High Octane - This café serves breakfast and lunch.
24-hour room service is available.
Nearby Activities
Recreational amenities at the hotel include a spa tub, a sauna, and a fitness center.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golfing nearby
Spa Services
- Hot stone massage
- Deep tissue massage
- Swedish massage
- Sauna in spa
- Spa tub in spa
- Steam room in spa
- Number of treatment rooms 10
- Minimum age to access spa is 18
- Couples treatment rooms
- Sports massage
- Massages
If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please note them at check-out when you book your room.
- Accessible bathroom
- Roll-in shower
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 4 PM
Check-in time ends at midnight
Minimum check-in age is 21
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Rollaway/extra beds are available for USD 40.00 per day.
- Cribs (infant beds) are available for USD 20.00 per day.
- Pets allowed for an extra charge of USD 125.00 per pet, per day
- Up to 30 lb
- Restrictions apply
- For more information contact the property at the number on the booking confirmation
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
- Deposit: USD 50 per stay
- Resort fee: USD 0.00
- Spa access
- Fitness center access
- Shuttle service
- Business center/computer access
- Internet access
- Newspaper
- Phone calls
- In-room safe
- In-room bottled water
- Self parking
- Valet parking
- Parking
Optional extras
- Fee for buffet breakfast: USD 17.00 for adults and USD 17.00 for children (approximately)
- Fee for in-room wired Internet: USD 0 per stay (rates may vary)
- Pet fee: USD 125.00 per pet, per day
- Crib (infant bed) fee: USD 20.00 per day
- Rollaway bed fee: USD 40.00 per day
Hotel Name
- MotorCity
- MotorCity Casino
- MotorCity Casino Detroit
- MotorCity Casino Hotel
- MotorCity Casino Hotel Detroit
- MotorCity Hotel
- MotorCity Hotel Casino
- Motorcity Hotel Detroit
We should mention
The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation. Some facilities may have restricted access. Guests can contact the property for details using the contact information on the booking confirmation. Guests can arrange to bring pets by contacting the property directly, using the contact information on the booking confirmation (surcharges apply and can be found in the Fees section).


text:
Nearly 80,000 acres of woodlands covering Onslow and Jones counties will soon be in the hands of a new owner.
The Board of Trustees for The Endowment Fund of N.C. State University has agreed to terms for the sale of Hofmann Forest to an Illinois-based agribusiness, according to a news release issued by N.C. State University.
An agreement to buy the property for $150 million was signed by Jerry Walker, who runs the family-owned, multi-state agribusiness, officials said.
The sale will not change current zoning of the property, which permits its use of timber and agriculture purposes, or the existing lease for Onslow County�s Deppe Park. Two existing wetlands will also be preserved.
And under the terms of the sale, the buyer will keep the Hofmann name, maintain a working forest and include ongoing access to students and faculty for research.
It also appears use for military training will be allowed to continue. The agreement also recognizes the Department of Defense�s interest in obtaining an easement from the buyer to ensure the long-term protection of approximately 70,000 acres of the property and �formalize the military�s long-standing interest in conservation of the property,� the release states.
The Onslow County Board of Commissioners adopted a resolution in March opposing the sale of Hofmann Forest, due to concerns about possible impacts to its use as a working forest and on military training.
Board Chairman Paul Buchanan said there have been ongoing discussions since then on the issue, with Sen. Harry Brown, R-Onslow, and members of Jacksonville-Onslow Economic Development among those who have worked to see concerns addressed.
Buchanan had not seen the final agreement but said it is his understanding that the agreement does that.
�I think everything we wanted addressed is addressed,� he said.
New owner Walker stated that they will be working to keep Hofmann Forest�s place in Eastern North Carolina.
�Hofmann Forest is a wonderful property with a long and storied connection to the communities of Eastern North Carolina, and we are committed to preserving that legacy going forward,� Walker said via news release. �We look forward to working with our military neighbors on a plan for maintaining the primary use of the land for timber and agriculture purposes.�
Hofmann Forest was purchased by the North Carolina Forestry Foundation in 1934 (now named Natural Resources Foundation) and gifted in 1977 to the NCSU Endowment Fund for the benefit of the College of Natural Resources. It had primarily been used by the university as a research outpost and nature conservancy.
The proceeds from the sale will be placed in an endowment benefiting NCSU�s College of Natural Sciences, keeping with the intent of the original deed, according to the university endowment fund officials.
Contact Daily News reporter Jannette Pippin at 910-382-2557 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Thu, 02 July 2009 at 10:59 am
Kristen Stewart & Dakota Fanning: Runaway Ruckus
Kristen Stewart shares a laugh with costar Dakota Fanning on the set of The Runaways filming in Los Angeles on Wednesday (July 1).
Kristen, 19, and Dakota, 15, who also costar in New Moon together, were also seen jumping on cars and kicking over a couple of trash cans during the shoot.
The Runaways, a biopic on the all-teen girl rock band formed in Hollywood in the 70s, opens in theaters next year.
Just Jared on Facebook
Photos: INFdaily Posted to: Dakota Fanning, Kristen Stewart
Sponsored Links by ZergNet


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short lived life
A C 5/22/2006 4:37:42 PMFantastic!!!
Bravo on being a finalist this month #450697
Janine Russell 5/23/2006 11:37:34 PMJulien, excellent detail, textures and composition; congratulations on your Second Place win. #2807126
SamSam . 5/23/2006 11:44:26 PMThe photo is kinda surreal. Nice pic! #2807147
Donna W. Neal 5/24/2006 8:14:42 AMCongratulations Julien on your win. #2809494
Julien 5/24/2006 8:39:54 AMThqnks you very much for your comments ! I wish you all the success you want ! #2809601
Cathy Barrows 5/24/2006 1:42:47 PMCongrats on your win #2810845
Kay E. Mahoney 5/24/2006 6:45:20 PMCongratulations on your winner. #2811638
Nobu Nagase 5/26/2006 1:00:32 PMCongrats on your great photo and win!!! #2819347
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Uploaded on 12/6/2005 4:46:06 AM
Copyright for this gallery photo belongs solely to Julien . Images may not be copied, downloaded, or used in any way without the expressed, written permission of the photographer.
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Jessica Biel: I Want Justin Timberlake to Direct Me in a Movie
Jessica Biel is a beauty in blue while heading into the Ed Sullivan Theatre to tape an appearance on The Late Show with David Letterman on Monday (November 19) in New York City.
The 30-year-old Hitchcock actress recently told Vanity Fair that she would like to work with her husband Justin Timberlake – if he directs her in a film!
"I would if it was the right thing. Definitely. I don't know what that is, though. I'm not sure what the right thing is," Jessica said. "I think you have to be very careful about working with your partner. But that would be so much fun; I absolutely adore him. I actually would prefer him to direct me in something. I think that would be the way to go."
Also pictured: Jessica leaving her hotel earlier in the day.
FYI: Jessica is wearing a Roland Mouret dress, Jimmy Choo shoes, and Samira 13 jewels at the show.
15+ pictures inside of Jessica Biel promoting Hitchcock in the Big Apple…


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This Bay Isle Home Geiger End Table is very popular products. This is a good time to buy Bay Isle Home Geiger End Table I wish you buy this Bay Isle Home Geiger End Table at low price.
FASHION TIPS - Shopping on a Budget!
Here's my top ten tips for shopping on a budget! Hopefully this shopping guide gives you some helpful ideas on how to save money while still looking fashion forward.
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As Americans head to the polls angry at Washington politics and upset by high unemployment, home foreclosures, bank and auto industry bailouts, a rising deficit and a loss of global competitiveness, Vermonters have good reason to re-elect Sen. Patrick Leahy, D, for another six-year term, and Rep. Peter Welch, D, to his third two-year term. That reason? Both have served the state well with honesty, openness, hard work that has paid off, and political positions that put the common good ahead of special interests.
On the question of whether to support an amendment to the state constitution to allow some 17-year-old residents to vote in state primaries, the critical question is this: Will it encourage more young Vermonters to vote or not?
The intent of the amendment is to get Vermont's youth more involved in voting at a slightly earlier age — perhaps when some are in their senior year in high school. The amendment specifically allows for 17-year-old Vermont residents, who will turn 18 before the general election, to vote in the primary.
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On the campaign trail, Lt. Gov. Brian Dubie, the Republican candidate, has recently run into problems trying to explain how he would cut $110 million in state spending by putting a cap of 2 percent on spending across the board — while not putting the state corrections budget, early education, Dr. Dinosaur, the state highway patrol and other 'too-important-to-fail' programs in jeopardy.
The reactions by the two leading candidates for governor on the latest news from Vermont Yankee speaks volumes about each candidate's approach to leadership — and each has its pros and cons.
Democrat Peter Shumlin, a long-time proponent of Vermont Yankee until shortly after it was purchased by Entergy, came out swinging and is more convinced than ever that a tough approach needs to be taken by the state to avoid sticking Vermont taxpayers with unforeseen costs down the road as a consequence of the tritium leaks.
Local school board members and school officials are in the midst of finding out just how tough it is to cut 2 percent out of the budget. For the UD-3 board, which oversees the Middlebury Union Middle School and High School, that 2 percent amounts to $341,565 out of a $15,445,919 budget. But, as UD-3 Supt. Lee Sease said, the cuts really amount to closer to 4 percent because of the added cost of inflation.
That $341,565 reduction in expenses, therefore, becomes $661,000 — and that's not small change.
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25 February 2007 13:15
A World of Changes
See the news that can change the world you live in: From technological breakthrough to climate changes
1 (1 marks)
Founded in late 2003 and heartquartered in France, we are non-profit and independant.
We believe in the open web, think internet services should be sustainable, build for the long term.
While we are re-launching the service, we only accept new members through invitation.


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The Call of Duty machine rolls on. Even as players settle into the world of Call of Duty: Black Ops 2, released just weeks ago, details about the next entry in Activision's shooter series are starting to sneak out. Lines from one of the game's main characters were leaked onto the web in November, providing some insight into where the story of the series is going.
The untitled, codenamed Call of Duty 2013 is said takes place in the continuity of Infinity Ward's Modern Warfare games. Siliconera reprinted the scripted lines of a character referred to as "Ben Burke," which might be a codename rather than a proper name. Lines from the script include:
"This is Sentinel Zero One, successful crypto change on C2 net break, requesting immediate update of blue force picture and status of artillery, over. I have you broken and unreadable, I say again, requesting updates to friendly positons and status of arty support. Do you read, over?"
"Reminds you of Phuket, doesn't it? Only this time the dust gives you cancer… OK, park yourself and get ready. When this thing kicks off, put a hole in anything that moves."
Phuket, Thailand was a setting in Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, lending further credence to the expectation that Call of Duty 2013 will in fact turn out to be Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 4.
This is the second time in as many months that voice recording plans for the next game in the series have suggested Activision is making Modern Warfare 4. Captain Price voice action Bill Murray said on October 30 that he was meeting with Infinity Ward in early November to discuss the role he'd play in the upcoming sequel. Infinity Ward responded saying that the news wasn't true and that it hadn't talking with any voice actors yet.
Activision may be damaging its lucrative Call of Duty brand by producing yet another annual sequel, though. Stern Agee analyst Arvind Bhatia said that Black Ops 2 sales suggest that series sales may finally be slowing. "Our checks show initial sales of CoD: Black Ops 2 at some retailers were down as much as 20 percent," said Bhatia on Thursday, "Subsequently, it appears sales of CoD did pick up a bit over the Thanksgiving holiday. We think the current sales curve suggests CoD: Black Ops 2 sales in its first year could ultimately be down 10 percent to 15 percent year-over-year."
Editors' Recommendations
- 'Call of Duty: Black Ops 4' adds Signature Weapons for dedicated players
- 'Call of Duty: Black Ops 4': Everything you need to know
- 'Call of Duty: Black Ops 4' review
- 'Call of Duty: Black Ops 4' gets 'Blackout' beta on all platforms next month
- 'Battlefield V' designer gets banned from 'Black Ops 4' for being too damn good


text: So, in future, my blog posts will be viewable at www.littlelighthouse.com.au under the Menu tab "Blog"!! Things are still being tweeked there, and I hope to incorporate the ability for you to comment on my posts. Please bear with me as I sort it all out in my spare time, LOL!


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• Lemon Grass essential oil. 100% Pure.
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We recommend using Visual Studio 2017
TableAdapters provide communication between your application and a database by executing SQL statements and stored procedures against a database. In addition to the standard functionality of a DataAdapter, TableAdapters provide additional queries that share a common schema with the associated typed DataTable. The TableAdapter loads the returned data into its associated data table in your application, or returns new data tables already populated with data.


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Freshman politicians who prevail April 9 should pencil in May 2 on their calendars so they don't end up running afoul of state transparency laws.
It probably wouldn't hurt more than a few of the incumbent politicians to show up, either.
The McHenry County State's Attorney's Office will be hosting a workshop to familiarize elected officials with the state Freedom of Information, Open Meetings and Public Officials Prohibited Activities acts. The two-hour seminar, free of charge and open to the public, starts at 7 p.m. in the Building B conference room at McHenry County College, 8900 Route 14, Crystal Lake.
"While each public body faces different challenges and issues, transparency and a strong ethical foundation are essential to all governmental bodies," the State's Attorney's Office said in a news release.
The seminar also will include a representative from the Illinois Attorney General Public Access Counselor's Office, which since 2010 has had binding authority to enforce FOIA and Open Meetings Act compliance.
State lawmakers gave the office that power in a significant strengthening of Illinois sunshine laws after the arrest, impeachment and indictment of former Gov. Rod Blagojevich. Illinois has about 7,000 units of government, far more than any other state.
The laws mandate that government records and government meetings be open to the public. Anything not explicitly exempted under either law must be public, and the law does not require exemption – for example, a government that wants to negotiate a union contract in open session can do so, despite an exemption allowing them to take it behind closed doors.
Despite public education efforts, investigations have shown that there is room for improvement when it comes to compliance.
A 1999 audit by The Associated Press found that more than two-thirds of the 400 governments they visited statewide – about four per county – did not honor requests for information that is explicitly public under FOIA.
A 2006 investigation by the Better Government Association found that more than 60 percent of the 400 local governments they audited failed to comply with FOIA, and almost 40 percent never even responded to the request.
An audit last year of 400 governments by the Illinois Campaign for Political Reform, two years into the stronger FOIA, likewise showed that more than 40 percent never responded to the request.
Although many governments say they strive for openness, the Northwest Herald in recent years has locked horns with governments over public meetings and public documents.
A 2007 audit of county school districts by the newspaper showed that about half of them routinely violated the Open Meetings Act either by taking inappropriate matters into closed session or by not regularly reviewing closed-session minutes for possible release as required by the law.
The public access counselor sided with the newspaper in a 2011 complaint alleging that several McHenry County Board members violated the act by rotating members out of a secret meeting to avoid an attendance number that would require the meeting to be open, and notice given to the public.
The newspaper successfully fought the McHenry County College Board in obtaining the contract of the college's ousted president, and in obtaining a 2007 feasibility study for a proposed minor-league baseball stadium to pay for a new health and wellness center.
If you go
State's Attorney Louis Bianchi's office is holding a two-hour seminar after the election to teach public officials about state open-government laws. The meeting is free of charge and open to the public.
The seminar takes place from 7 to 9 p.m. May 2 at the Building B conference center at McHenry County College, 8900 Route 14, Crystal Lake.
On the Net
You can learn much more about the Illinois Freedom of Information and Open Meetings acts at foia.ilattorneygeneral.net.
About this series
"No More Excuses" is an ongoing Northwest Herald series about the public's right to know in Illinois.


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Madonna Declared Ineligible for Best Song Academy Award
Although Madonna picked up a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Song for 'Masterpiece,' a song from her movie 'W.E.,' she won't be repeating the feat at the Oscars, because the Academy has removed the song from the list of eligible contenders, due to a technicality.
Oscar rules stipulate that in order to be eligible for Best Original Song, a track must be written for the film and must appear either during the movie itself or as the first song played during the closing credits. It turns out that 'Masterpiece' is the second song played during the end credits, so it was not included on the Academy's official list of 39 song contenders.
The rule is obviously an attempt to keep artists from scoring cheap Oscar nominations by sneaking into the credits a song that had nothing to do with the movie. In this case, the rule appears to have prevented a legitimate contender from competing for the award.
The list of eligible songs includes Elton John's 'Hello Hello,' Mary J. Blige's 'Living Proof,' three tunes from 'The Muppets,' and the 'Rio' song 'Hot Wings,' performed by will.i.am, Jamie Foxx and Anne Hathaway.


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mezzoblue Archives
Prior versions of this site, up to and including the current iteration. mezzoblue began as a thought and a series of mockups in 2001, but didn't officially launch as a real site until February 2002. (Please don't email me about broken links on these pages; they're to be expected.)
- v6 — The contemporary phase.
Dec 2006 – (present)
You are here.
- v5 — The don't-change-horses-mid-race phase.
Aug 2004 – Dec 2006
A design that lasted longer than expected. Perhaps because I was fond of it, or perhaps because I simply didn't come up with anything better, this one called Wintermint ran for over 2 and a half years.
- v4 — The inscrutable phase.
May 2004 – Aug 2004
An attempt to introduce something new, this one called Proton was launched to a mixed reception. This snapshot is incomplete and buggy, but you get the idea.
- v3 — The IPO phase.
Feb 2003 – May 2004
A long life for this sturdy, dependable design, dubbed Radar. The layout and content types evolved over the year it adorned mezzoblue; this snapshot comes from earlier on in its life cycle.
- v2 — The weblog phase.
Nov 2002 – Feb 2003
A very lightly tweaked (but heavily designed) Movable Type install. Teeth-cutting experimentation at its finest, I'm still fond of this frustratingly inflexible design.
- v1 — The 'undefined' phase.
Nov 2001 – Jul 2002
Was it a portfolio piece? A publication? Something else? After mezzoblue was launched, the site itself lacked focus and frequent updates for some time.
Splash Pages
Between launches, various splash pages were cycled whenever the heck I felt like it. (1, 2, 3, 4)
From time to time, a special 'cover' adorns the home page of mezzoblue. (Nov 11 2003, Dec 23 2003, Apr 1 2004)


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So the Phillies have sewn up the 2011 National League East and the only drama to look forward to will be whether they win 105 or 110 games on their way to the pennant. The answer to that burning question will be in the starting rotation that Phillies manager Charlie Manuel decides to use.
If the Phillies keep fifth starter Joe Blanton and rotate their four aces equally, Manuel may leave a few wins on the table during his team's march to the playoffs. If the Phillies trade Blanton and skip the fifth starter liberally when the schedule allows for it, there will be a few extra wins for the taking.
(The following projection, of course, is based strictly on the notion that Lee, Roy Halladay, Cole Hamels and Roy Oswalt are healthy for the entire 2011 season. All four made at least 32 starts last year, so this is not out of the realm of possibility.)
The first step is understanding that the Phillies will NOT be employing a strict four-man rotation next year. Those days are over, especially considering the amount of money Philadelphia has tied up in its front four. Frankly, it would be an unnecessary risk for a team that can afford to give 20+ starts to a fifth starter and still make the playoffs.
However, that doesn't mean the Phillies can't put Lee, Halladay, Hamels and Oswalt on a four-day rotation. Simply put, that means the ace of the rotation gets the ball every fifth day, regardless of how the schedule breaks. Everyone else falls in behind and a starter's spot in the rotation prioritizes how quickly he makes his start. Off-days are no longer seen as an opportunity for an extra day of rest - they are seen as a chance to skip the fifth starter.
In a strict five-man rotation with no interruptions, the first two starters (presumably Lee and Halladay) will get 33 starts and the back of the rotation starters will get 32 starts. However, if you look at the Phillies' schedule and use off-days to skip the fifth starter, you can end up with a breakdown something like this:
Lee: 36
Halladay: 34
Oswalt: 34
Hamels: 32
Fifth Starter: 26
The chance to take six starts out of the hands of an inferior pitcher, while maintaining a traditional rest schedule of at least four days between starts, is something that more teams should consider trying. For a team with four great starters like the Phillies, it's a chance to truly get the most bang for their considerable bucks.
It's also important to note that the Phillies should have a comfortable lead in the N.L. East by September 1, and therefore can consider going to a strict five-man rotation for the final month if they so desire. This will increase the number of appearances for the fifth starter, but it will give the big guys a little extra rest going into the playoffs.


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Audio: No Audio After Consult Transfer
From DocWiki
No Audio After Consult Transfer
|Problem Summary
|There is no audio between the caller and Agent 2 after a basic video call transfer is complete.
|Error Message
|No message.
|Possible Cause
|When using CUPS 7.0(1), a re-INVITE glare condition might occur, which causes a SIP deadlock situation where CUCM does not resend a re-INVITE after the 491 Request Pending instance.
Specifically, the caller and agent initiate an INVITE simultaneously and then each waits for an ACK. After a timeout delay, both parties reinitiate an INVITE. The glare condition results in the agent reinitiating the INVITE; however, the caller does not. Instead the caller ignores the new INVITE and continues to wait for an ACK from the agent.
|Recommended Action
|There are two possible solutions for the cause of this problem:
solution:On the CUPS server, use TCP as the "Protocol Type" for the CUPS static routes. On the CUCM server, use TCP as the "Outgoing Transport Type" for the SIP Trunk Security Profile that is used for the VRU leg of the transfer.
|Release 7.0(2)
|Associated CDETS #


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The competition, hosted by the Center for Business Complexity and Global Leadership, Suffolk's Finance Department, and TD Ameritrade, took place at the Sawyer Business School's trading room.
More than 100 undergraduate and graduate students from nearby schools, including Suffolk University, New York University, Northeastern University, Rhode Island College, Boston University, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute, participated.
After being trained in TD Ameritrade's thinkorswim trading platform, the students split up into groups and had two weeks to develop the most compelling strategy and make the most money.
This year, Adwa AlDakheel, a junior finance major, took home first place with her partner Christian Cayo, BSBA '13. AlDakheel was on last year's winning team.
"It was a fun and exciting experience. I've been using MetaTrader since I was 14, so this is definitely something I'm interested in. In fact, I've been talking with my teammate Christian Cayo about becoming business partners. We both would like to become full-time traders," said AlDakheel.
This was Cayo's second year competing as well.
"Every student, whether they're majoring in business or not, should sign up for this competition because it's an exceptional opportunity to learn and develop. Being competitive and adaptable are major skills that are needed for any job, regardless of your industry," he said.
The winners received their awards on November 15. The award ceremony featured insights from JJ Kinahan, TD Ameritrade's chief derivatives strategist, managing director, and NYSE board member. Kinahan and his team analyzed the trading activity and performance and discussed students' strategies.
The competition was part of the TD Ameritrade U initiative, introduced to the public for the first time at Suffolk, which aims to bridge the gap between academia and the real world. In addition to the thinkorswim trading platform, TD Ameritrade offers a network of resources to promote student engagement at universities around the country.


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Bruce Morey
Contributing Editor
One of the dominant suppliers of superchargers for both the retail automotive industry and the racing market, Eaton Corp. (Beachwood, OH) specializes in Roots-style design. While other manufacturers provide centrifugal and screw-type superchargers, Eaton is practically alone in delivering production quantities of Roots-style devices. The company has been building such superchargers since 1949. The oil shocks of the 1970s spurred development of the devices for increased fuel economy for production vehicles, culminating in the use of superchargers on the 1988 Ford Thunderbird Super Coupe. Eaton superchargers are now on a variety of production and aftermarket vehicles worldwide. "We have delivered over four-million superchargers since 1988," said Lorry Jackson, plant manager for Eaton's Athens, GA, plant. These are in more than 70 OEM applications, wearing brands ranging from GM, Ford, BMW, Nissan, Mercedes, to even Kawasaki Jet Skis.
Fuel Economy Means Mass Production
Supplying more air to an engine, also called boosting or forced induction, is a quick way to get more horsepower from an engine. While turbochargers scavenge energy from an engine's exhaust to provide power to a boost system, the engine itself powers superchargers. Paradoxically, even though boosting is a way to increase performance, automakers are increasingly looking to boosting to improve fuel economy. Jeff Jowett, manager–Americas Powertrain Forecasting for IHS Automotive concurred that boosting in general contributes to better fuel economy, in the right application. "Some people look at those stringent CAFE regulations coming up and immediately think electrification," he said. "There are a whole host of technologies that will be important, and supercharging is certainly one of the pieces of the puzzle as OEMs assemble the right technologies to meet their needs."
To improve fuel economy, turbochargers seem to have the upper hand over superchargers. The engineers at Eaton, however, are quick to point out that supercharging offers many of the same advantages. "There was a time when people thought of superchargers as protruding from the hoods of race cars, like dragsters, where they gave more horsepower and enhanced performance [while using more gas]," said Tim Cavanagh, product line manager. "Eaton is in the process of changing that thought process, to thinking fuel economy. How? Through downsizing the engine same as [is done with] turbocharging. A V6 with a supercharger can provide better fuel economy than a naturally-aspirated V8."
Downspeeding is the key. Supercharging allows an engine to deliver the same torque as a normally-aspirated engine but at lower rpm—burning less fuel—to maintain horsepower. By downspeeding, a supercharger can improve fuel economy 15%, according to Eaton. "They are useful on hybrids, too, because with the supercharger you can tune the engines for maximum fuel economy," he explained. The Roots-style supercharger also offers these advantages at low engine rpm, where turbochargers and even other styles of superchargers lag behind in generating torque at those engine speeds. This is important in everyday use by real-life drivers. Future improvements may include a clutched supercharger that disengages the device when not in use, which can be up to 90% of the time for typical driving.
OEMs Select Superchargers
As proof, Cavanagh said efficiency was the main attraction for automakers choosing Eaton's Twin Vortex Series supercharger. First introduced in 2007, it is now on vehicles like the Audi A7 3.0L V6, VW BlueMotion Hybrid with 1.4L I4, Golf GT, and the Nissan Micra with 1.2L I3.
There are other practical advantages superchargers have over turbochargers. Packaging and cost for assembly in the vehicle is competitive with turbochargers, according to Cavanagh, when the cost for all of the tubing and exhaust pipes included with turbocharger installs is taken into account. As a self-contained package, the Twin Vortex usually fits neatly into existing engine compartments. Another advantage is long-term maintenance. "Our superchargers are sealed packages, requiring no service or maintenance for the life of the vehicle," said Cavanagh. He pointed out they use no special oil or air filters, either.
Eaton is optimistic for the future. "We are in a transitional phase, with business picking up in Europe, primarily," he explained. Eaton believes the available market for boosting gasoline engines will grow from four-million boosted gasoline engines in 2010 to 17.5 million in 2017. Boosting in this context means either supercharging or turbocharging of any sort, for light vehicles. Light-duty diesel remains an untapped market for supercharging, with a potential size of 16.8 million by 2017, according to figures supplied by Eaton.
Better Design through Manufacturing
The Eaton Twin Vortex Series supercharger represents the state of the art in a Roots-style system. The essence of the Roots-style is two counter-rotating lobed rotors that trap and push air as they rotate. Eaton's Twin Vortex Series replaced an earlier three-lobe design with a four-lobe blower turned by a class 13 gear.
The blowers are solid components made from a special-purpose aluminum alloy. The tolerance in the interface fit between the two rotors is vital to making an efficient and quiet supercharger. "We used to use an epoxy paint that was baked hard on each rotor," said Doug Brouillard, assistant engineering manager. "What we found was that very small differences in the tolerance and fit made a profound difference in the overall performance and efficiency." To solve this problem, Eaton switched to a patented abradable powder coating in 2002. This abradable coating is applied electrostatically, and then "worked in" or "broken in" during operation. What this essentially does is provide a zero-gap fit between the rotors. "It creates a custom fit for each pair of rotors in each supercharger," said Brouillard.
While ingenious, there is more to the design than creating a custom tight fit with a gap of about 0.0001″ (0.0025 mm). "The essential part of the Eaton intellectual property is the profile of the rotor itself. It is the profile that provides the durability, NVH, and other performance," explained Brouillard. Designing it is one thing, making it is another.
Concentration Is the Key to Success
According to Jackson, the Athens plant has established a number of competencies they believe are necessary in order to produce a finished product that maintains a competitive advantage. Starting around 2004, Eaton chose to concentrate on just three core competencies: rotor machining, assembly, and end-of-line testing. To this end, other on-site functions needed to manufacture the devices—operations such as metrology, maintenance, and MRO—are outsourced: Their partner company, Advanced Technology Services (ATS), is reponsible for maintenance, while Bruckner handles MRO-related indirect materials replenishment, and Gage performs metrology functions within the plants.
Another factor is empowerment. "This is an 'Eaton Philosophy' plant, where every employee is a salaried worker," Jackson explained, with the same benefits as professionals and engineers. It is a philosophy that allows a relatively small team to produce hundreds of thousands of precision-built superchargers each year at the facility.
Certainly a unique design is critical to Eaton's competitive advantage. So is the design of the tooling and programming of milling machines and assembly automation—especially for milling the critical rotors—according to Brouillard. In fact, profile designs are a joint effort between the design engineering staff in Eaton's Marshall (MI) facility and the Athens plant. Why? Because manufacturability is just as essential as an efficient design to give Eaton a competitive advantage.
Precision, Automation, Skill and Advantage
It was also obvious during an exclusive visit to Eaton's manufacturing facility, that certain aspects of the manufacturing process require a high level of operator skill. This is especially true when precisely machining and milling the rotors.
After precision milling, the abradable coating is electrostatically applied and then heat-treated and bonded onto each rotor. "The coating is an inexpensive way to make a high-tolerance device. This is in the never-ending fight to balance tolerance against cost," explained Brouillard.
In line with concentrating competency in assembly, Eaton outsources other parts of the final product (such as housings, gears, and shafts) that are assembled by Eaton in purpose-designed automation cells. Each cell uses advanced levels of machine vision, servo-processes, and load-measuring cells right in the assembly process itself. Each part is marked with a unique bar-code identifier and as the part is assembled, all of the key process information data is measured. This is stored and tagged to that unique bar-code identifier. "That provides part traceability for individual parts and allows us to perform trending analysis for manufacturing," said Brouillard. For such precision equipment, they target a process capability index (Cpk) in excess of typical automotive requirements.
The last element of the assembly process is setting the timing of the rotors—the relationship of how they are geared to turn relative to one another. Again, this is another process that requires operator expertise. "The difference in rotor fit can make the difference between a good rotor and a 'do-over', even scrap," explained Brouillard. An automatic machine sets the timing, but loading the machine and post-process checking is done manually. The fit between rotors for each pair is checked to ensure the critical gap is within tolerance.
The final assembly into each sealed end-item is followed by a final test inside a sound-isolated cabinet. Each supercharger is acoustically and NVH tested before shipping.
"We are essentially a build-to-order facility, with low inventories. We build them and ship them basically the same day," said Brouillard.
For manufacturers attempting to sustain competitive advantages over time, attention to detail is just as important as big decisions like concentrating on key core competencies. "We are looking to continue developing technologies for real-time process control and monitoring," said Steve Poulter, engineering manager for the Athens plant. Continued application of machine vision, RFID tagging, laser marking, and data management are all such details that he thinks will find their way into making the superchargers of the future.
This article was first published in the 2013 edition of the Motorized Vehicle Manufacturing Yearbook.
Published Date : 11/13/2013