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In an AL, where no team has separated itself (whether it be in the Central or elsewhere), the Indians remain right in the thick of things, just a game and a half out of the Central lead. As the calendar turns to May ... certain players (Pronk, Garko, Brodzoski, C.C., just to name a few) more than happy to rip the "April" page off their desk calendars, while others (C.P. Lee, um...er...I guess Dellucci?) probably wish April lasted forever. Perhaps the April showers have passed and May promises to be full of, well...let's just let 'em fly before I get all poetic:As good as Sandy Koufax...I mean Steve Carlton...I mean Warren Spahn...I mean Cliff Lee (there, I got it) has been and as much as his numbers are a mind blowing anomaly in comparison to his previous two seasons, here's the greatest part of his 2008 season - three of his five victories have ended three game losing streaks for the Indians. If CLIFF LEE is playing the role of "Stopper", what will that mean when C.C. finally gets fully untracked, when Jake returns, and when Fausto stops walking people - that the Indians won't have a losing streak longer than two games? The way that the starting pitching is setting up, the Indians are one offensive hot streak (even if it's just 4 to 5 runs a game) from putting a string of victories together that could put some distance between them and the rest of the AL Central.Interesting to see the Mariners jettison both OF Brad Wilkerson and 1B Greg Norton after Tuesday's victory over the Tribe. Granted, Norton was playing very little and his replacement on the roster (Jeff Clement) is a highly thought-of prospect and Wilkerson had posted an OPS of .652 to that point in the season, but the Mariners hadn't even played 30 games when the move was made. Generally, we all hear that the "magical" 40-game mark is the point that organizations wait for before making significant changes on their roster. Whether getting rid of two aging veterans who weren't really contributing and didn't have much upside represent "significant changes" is debatable, but it may serve as the first among many moves as teams around the league switch gears or move some plate appearances around. If that is the case (and I know that my harping on Carson Kressley is bordering on the irrational as his inclusion in the lineup is simply an irritation and not a HUGE problem), I happen to know of a certain blonde-locked OF taking time away from other potential players (presently in Cleveland and Buffalo) whose OPS cracked the .500 mark after ONLY 48 AB while playing in 20 of the first 28 games of the season.I'm certainly not one to the live in the past (the suggestion that Omar Vizquel should return to Cleveland at this point in his career to "upgrade our defense" and "recapture the magic of Jacobs Field" puts my stomach in knots), but does anyone else miss seeing the Rally Pies fly in the post game interviews?
Fully realizing that the Trotter was the burr under everyone's saddle last year, the looseness of the clubhouse that seems to be notably lacking this year is one big difference between this year's team and last year's incarnation of the Tribe. It's obviously an attribute that doesn't show up anywhere on paper and is certainly is not quantifiable, but I long for the mischief and mayhem of a whipped cream concoction in a post-game interview. On a somewhat related note, somebody's looking pretty good in AAA this year, and I don't mean the "Just For Men"-free goatee. His OPS for Tucson is 100 points higher than anyone in Buffalo. After reading that suggestion, whose blood pressure just went up?In case you haven't noticed, since the Bronx Bombers have left town on Monday night, their transaction log has been rather full: Placed Jorge Posada on the 15-day DL (Right Shoulder) Placed A-Quad on the 15-day DL (Strained Quadriceps) Placed Phil Hughes on the 15-day DL (Broken Rib) Regardless of how effective "surefire HOFer" Phil Hughes has been, he's gone until July with Pavano (surprise) hurt and the Yankees forced to possibly dip all the way to AA to call the cavalry for their rotation. Furthermore, I can't imagine that a throwing shoulder injury to a catcher is something that is easily ironed out (made worse that the Yankees' DH queue is already full with Damon and HGHiambi), so this is not good news in the Bronx. Throw in the fact that Brian Bruney, one of their only reliable relievers not named Joba or Mo, just learned that his foot injury will keep him out until August at the earliest and you see that the depth that the Indians have, and the Yankees lack, could make a big difference down the stretch in the AL...unless you think that Jose Molina, Morgan Ensberg, Alberto Gonzalez, and the likes of Billy Traber, Kei Igawa (yes...seriously), and Ross Ohlendorf (who sounds like a goon from "Slap Shot") are going to carry the flag for the Yanks as their roster ages before our eyes.With all of that said (that is, about the Indians' depth and how it relates to the rest of the AL), an interesting batch of players to watch on the farm for the next few weeks is going to be the arms that constitute the Indians' starting pitching depth. With Laffey figuring to stay on the parent club while Jake rehabs, the Indians' #7 through #9 starters look to be Sowers, Atom Miller, and Smoke 'Em Brian Slocum. Further down the ladder, former 1st round pick David Huff seems to have turned a corner in Akron and could figure into the depth going forward. Why will this be interesting to watch shake out? Let's say that Laffey performs well in his stint in Cleveland, that Atom Miller (whose starts since returning have been playing to glowing reviews) shows that his talent is real and that he is healthy, that Slocum fills the role of a #7 to #8 depth starter by eating innings in Buffalo, and that Huff continues his progression as a prospect into Buffalo. Would the Indians entertain trading Sowers, who they see (trust me) as no more than a #5 starter and could have some trade value with his 2005 season, his start against the Yankees, and continued success in Buffalo? I know that the Indians figure to have two spots to fill in the rotation for 2009 and the trade of Sean Smith thinned out their depth already, but if the Indians count on Laffey and Miller and possibly add an arm in FA, as well has having a comfort level with the development of players like Huff or even a Ryan Edell, there's a good possibility that they can sell high on Sowers to fill another organizational hole. Would he bring a huge return? No, not by himself...but he could be a piece that the Tribe dangles in front of other teams as a young, cheap, talented arm that may be more valuable to an organization that doesn't play their home games at the corner of Carnegie and Ontario.Maybe I'm late to the game on this, but I recently learned that Rocky Betancourt's entrance music is not some absurd Venezuelan death metal, as I had previously thought. It's actually the White Stripes song "Conquest", whose linked video has me walking around all day whistling the horn intro that accompanies the Fist of Steel to the mound. Regardless of his terrifying HR rate this year (he's given up 3 HR in 12 1/3 IP after giving up 4 HR throughout all of his 79 1/3 IP in 2007), I know that he will come to "make a...conquest". Cue the horns and the mesmerizing singular drum beat.After the recent foibles of the Tribe bats, you may be in the dumper on this team and it's all-or-nothing offense, but Cheer Up, Charlie - the Indians are 14-15 with Pronk's OPS sitting at .679, with Brodzoski (The Close) blowing 2 games before the revelation that his right arm may have been held together with chicken wire and bubble gum which have now disintegrated into a gooey mess, and their reigning Cy Young winner's first 4 starts of the season netting a ERA of 11.57. How are they not hopelessly out of the race already with those factors? Very simply, consistent and consistently excellent pitching. If the formula really is pitching, pitching and more pitching, you have to remain optimistic about this team, regardless of how difficult that may seem on certain nights, giving away at-bats and squandering opportunities with ill-timed strikeouts. The starting pitching will keep this team in most games and, assuming that the progression of relievers is further solidified, the bullpen will keep opposing offenses at bay - allowing the offense to find its footing and some semblance of consistency and traction. And when (not if) it does, watch out.


text: SEC establishes revised social-disclosure parameters Published on April 10, 2013. Washington, D.C.—The Securities and Exchange Commission has issued a ruling requiring companies that engage in social media marketing to first inform their investors about their social strategies. Previously, the SEC indicated that distributing communications through social media sites may violate its fair disclosure rule because investors who do not frequent social sites might not see announcements. The SEC has now said that companies may use social sites as a legitimate form of communications but first must inform investors that these sites may be potential announcement outlets. Most Popular In this article: BtoB

subset: commoncrawl


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Stamford gallery celebrates three-year anniversary with '10 Artists, 10 Parties' show
Fernando Luis Alvarez was ready to sign a lease on a gallery in Chelsea, the epicenter of the contemporary art world. Instead, he took a chance on a long-empty store front not far from home.
Alvarez, who opened his eponymous gallery on 96 Bedford St. in Stamford in 2009, was aware of the risks: the area was beset by vacancies; the art economy was practically nonexistent; the financial crisis had recently hit. Still, amid the blight, the business executive-turned-artist saw an opportunity.
"Every so often, and this is historically proven, there is a gallery that comes in and shakes up a community, that shakes the art world and a movement is born," Alvarez, of Greenwich, said. "We are fortunate enough to have found our path ... I saw it when we decided to come here."
The way Alvarez saw it, his gallery could fill a void in the marketplace in Stamford. But more importantly, he wanted "to build a community" that could vitalize the cultural landscape of the city.
Three years on, artists, collectors, business leaders and nonprofit organizations credit Alvarez with doing just that. His gallery, they said, has helped to usher in an economic boom on Bedford Street and set the stage for an emerging art scene downtown.
"He doesn't just have a gallery, he has a happening," Sandy Goldstein, president of the Stamford Downtown Special Services District, said.
In celebration of its third year in Stamford, the Fernando Luis Alvarez Gallery will host "3 Year Anniversary: 10 Artists, 10 Parties." The exhibition, which opens with a public reception on Friday, Dec. 14, will feature the work of 10 FLA artists tasked with curating their own spaces and throwing their own parties on the gallery floors.
"It's a very eclectic curatorial project that represents the full spectrum of who the gallery represents," Alvarez said.
That spectrum ranges from the abstract sea-inspired works of Guilford resident Rex Prescott Walden, to the self-described "blindfold inner spirit art medicine" of Greenwich acupuncturist Jon Tsoi, to the photorealistic tongue-in-cheek paintings of Colombian artist Johan Barrios.
Alvarez said he is scrupulous when it comes to choosing the artists he carries, focusing on the strength of their "narrative" and depth of innovation. And, as far as collectors are concerned, he has chosen well, they have flocked to Bedford Street, acquiring nearly 200 pieces from the gallery since it opened.
But, as Alvarez stressed, "We're not just a showcase gallery" centered exclusively on dollar signs. Rather, he prefers to measure his success in "the change in our community we've been able to create."
For one, Alvarez is deeply immersed in the careers of his artists.
"It's not always easy to show contemporary work because a lot of people need to have something to hang their hat on," Walden, one of the first artists who signed with Alvarez, said. "Fernando is supporting a wide range of artists, and he's attracting local and international collectors."
Alvarez's support of artists expands to Sprouting Spaces, an initiative aimed at transforming empty commercial lots into temporary artist studios (Robert Wilson, the father of "The Office" star Rainn Wilson, was the first artist picked for the project). The flagship site of Sprouting Spaces, at 108 Bedford St., has since become the home of Fernando Luis Alvarez Presents ... Paco Camus Private Collection, a branch of his business that features furniture by Spanish designer Paco Camus. Alvarez has since knocked down part of the wall between the two properties to create a contiguous space.
The location has not only made for lucrative business ventures, but for festive opening night exhibition parties, where art students hobnob with wealthy collectors and art lovers sip wine with artists. Alvarez is all about stoking involvement in the arts; he hosts the annual Be(come) A Collector show, a sale of works for less than $1,000, and Kid+Contemporary, a recently-launched program (with the Greenwich-based Brant Foundation) that exposes students to some of the region's most prominent private collections.
"Fernando and his staff seem to be conscientious about their role not only as a local business, but about their place within and responsibilities toward the surrounding arts communities," said Terri C. Smith, creative director of Franklin Street Works, a nonprofit art space in Stamford.
The gallery has been a boon for business as well.
"Culturally, art and theater bring patrons downtown, and when they come downtown," they spend money, Goldstein said, adding that the gallery attracts high-end business to and raises real estate values on the street.
As for the future of the gallery and the art community in downtown Stamford, "It's only the beginning," Alvarez said. "We will always be here. It's only a matter of time before major collectors come here instead of Chelsea."
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As I came back from the B2B Marketing Innovation Summit, put on by Demandbase, I couldn't shake the feeling that we aren't doing enough. That I'm not doing enough.
Sure, marketing is changing faster today than it did yesterday. Blah blah blah. It doesn't matter how fast marketing is changing! The real question is "how are you changing?"
Here are six areas that struck me. No, they aren't new. But they are places many B2B marketers, including myself, should be doing so much more. [Read more…]


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Canonical had a very lofty goal: make a high-tech phone that could demonstrate the abilities of its mobile operating system. To make that device, it would have to throw in some pretty impressive specs. Had things gone according to plan, we would have seen a 4.5-inch 720p display under sapphire crystal, an 8MP camera, multi-core CPU, 4GB of RAM, 128GB of storage and the ability to dual boot Ubuntu and Android packed in a 9mm thick shell made out of textured aluminum, called the Ubuntu Edge.
Canonical set their expectations high with a massive goal to raise $32 million in funding. The first 5,000 phones disappeared at only $600, but the rest were a bit more difficult to sell. They ended up doing more promotions at $625, $675 and $725, but the full price was $830. A bit of a hard sell, but it could have worked.
Unfortunately, it didn't. The Edge raised a very impressive $12.8 million dollars, but that meant the project was still over $19 million short. It's unfortunate, but it tells us that public interest isn't quite strong enough. Maybe the Edge was ahead of its time, and in three years we'll be seeing devices a lot like it. We're sad to see it fail, but life will go on and technology will continue to advance. Maybe next year, an even better Edge will come out with a lower goal. I really think the high goal is what killed it. Why do you think the Edge failed? Was it the price or something else?


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Keith Wright is the third former Harvard player to play in the NBA Summer League (Gil Talbot).
DALLAS – Two-time Harvard men's basketball co-captain Keith Wright '12 has joined the Dallas Mavericks Summer League team. Wright, who was the 2011 Ivy League Player of the Year, will suit up for five games between July 15-21 at the Thomas & Mack Center and the Cox Pavilion on the campus of UNLV in Las Vegas, Nev.
Wright, a forward. was a two-time All-Ivy League selection, who helped the Crimson win its first Ivy League titles in 2011 and 2012. As a senior, Wright led Harvard with 8.1 rebounds per game, while ranking second on the team with 10.4 points per contest, as the Crimson finished 26-5 overall, including 12-2 in Ivy League play, and earned its first trip to the NCAA tournament since 1946.
Wright concluded his Harvard career first in program history with 149 blocks, while ranking fifth with 743 career rebounds and 16th with 1,178 career points. Following his senior season, Wright was selected to play in the NABC All-Star Game during the Final Four in New Orleans, La., and he earned NABC All-District honors for the second consecutive year.
A native of Suffolk, Va., Wright is the third former Harvard player to have signed a contract with the NBA Summer League, joining Brian Cusworth '07 (New Orleans - 2010) and Jeremy Lin '10 (Dallas – 2010).


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Greek gov't insists it will handle privatizations
ATHENS, Greece (AP) — Greece's prime minister and finance minister have both insisted any sale of state assets will be handled by the agency set up for this purpose and not by any firm based abroad and run by foreign management.
Premier Antonis Samaras and Finance Minister Yannis Stournaras were responding to rumors that Greece's creditors, unimpressed by the pace of privatizations, are pushing for a foreign-based special purpose vehicle to handle the selloffs.
Stournaras told newspaper Ethnos that he "categorically denied" that Greece's Asset Development Fund would be moved abroad.
The fund's two last chairmen have resigned in the past six months, one to face unrelated legal issues and the other for improper contact with the buyer of the former state betting firm OPAP.


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By John F. McKenna: Jack Dempsey roared onto the boxing scene just prior to the beginning of the 1920's. The "Roaring Twenties" if you will. And no individual did more to put that roar into the age which brought theUnited States into its role as a world power immediately after "The Great War". In his own iconic way perhaps without even realizing it Dempsey transcended the sport of boxing which was a wildly popular sport at the time.
As incredible as it may seem, "The Manassa Mauler" as he was known, was even more popular than his good friend baseball icon Babe Ruth. It has been correctly said that Yankee Stadium was "The house that Ruth built" because of the Babe's impact on the game of baseball . The logical conclusion then is that Dempsey took boxing from the backwoods sport it was and ushered it into the 20th century. The timing could not have been more perfect.
The 1920's has been described as the "Golden Age of Sports" and boxing needed a superstar, which Dempsey clearly became, to go along with Babe Ruth in baseball, Bill Tilden in tennis and Walter Hagen in golf. Dempsey and boxing became the perfect match.
In 1917 and 1918 Dempsey began to leave his mark on boxing and quickly rose up to become a legitimate contender for big Jess Willard's heavyweight crown. Willard became a hero of sorts to white Americawhen he became "The White Hope" who was finally able to wrest the title away from Jack Johnson, stopping him in the 26th round under a hot Havana sun in April 1915. Film footage revealed that Johnson was in fact KO'd by Willard and that he did not take a dive as he claimed after the fight (You Tube – Jack Johnson vs Jess Willard). Willard pointed out that it was illogical to wait until the 26th round to take a dive. Willard's classic quote was "If he was going to take a dive I wish he had done it a lot sooner. It was hot as hell out there!"
Willard was a rugged, tough ex cowboy who had a decent left and a right hand that had already killed one of his opponents in the ring. "Bull" Young died in a 1913 fight after Willard caught him with a ponderous right hand. In fact Willard was fearful that he may injure "the boy" as he referred to the 24 old Dempsey. Willard for his part was known to have a chin of granite and had never been knocked down in his career. Jess, at 6'6" and 245 pounds was known as the "Pottawatomie Giant" and it was fair to say that he gave no thought to the possibility of losing to Dempsey.
Dempse at 6'1 ½" and 187 pounds for the Willard fight, honed is skills in bare knuckle bar room and saloon fights. His favorite quote was an off shoot of the immortal John L. Sullivan's "I can lick any S.O.B. in the house!" Dempsey tweaked the quote of Sullivan, the man he idolized. Dempsey would announce "I can't sing and I can't dance, but I can lick any S.O.B. in the house."
Dempsey fought in a bob and weave style which made him difficult to hit particularly for a large opponent, as he moved in to unleash his bombs, eyes blazing and a permanent scowl planted on his face. To add emphasis Dempsey often growled as he approached his opponents.
Dempsey was at his absolute best in the two years leading up to his title shot against Willard and the four years after. In the lead up to his title shot against Willard in 1919, Dempsey scored five straight one round KO's. His opponent prior to the five straight one round KO's made it into the 2nd round. Dempsey wound up scoring 25 one round KO's in his career. On July 27 1918 Dempsey KO'd top contender 6'5", 225 pound Fred Fulton in 18 seconds.
Dempsey enjoyed taking on larger opponents who seemed to be baffled by his bob and weave style and were totally surprised at his speed and power. From Dempsey's perspective larger opponents simply presented easier targets. He knew that whoever he hit was going down. Jack usually connected with one of his power shots before his opponents even had a chance to warm up. Woe be it to the opponent who was a slow starter because Dempsey came out with his eyes ablaze and guns firing.
It took the boxing public time to appreciate Dempsey's skills. Almost no one, boxing experts included, gave him a chance to defeat the towering "Pottawatomie Giant". After all, big Jess had KO'd the immortal Jack Johnson four years prior. There was one however who openly predicted that Dempsey would be victorious. It was the legendary lightweight champion Benny Leonard who had seen "The Manassa Mauler" in action.
The big fight took place inToledo,Ohioon July 4 under a blistering sun. Temperatures were reported to be in the 106 degree range. When the two fighters approached each other at center ring, Willard pawed out with his left jab as if to use it as a range finder. Dempsey circled around his larger foe like a jungle cat stalking his prey. After about thirty seconds Jack did the only thing he knew how to. He attacked and he did so viciously, while keeping one eye on big Jess's right hand. Dempsey dug in a wicked right to the body and then uncorked his potent left hook. It is thought to this day that the initial left hook landed by Dempsey was the punch that broke Willard's jaw. In any case, at that point the fight was essentially over. Willard appeared almost to disbelieve what was happening to him. He slowly crumpled to the canvas for the first time in his career. What followed was undoubtedly the most severe beating ever seen in a boxing ring.
Willard would arise again and again only to be driven back into the canvas by Dempsey's furious onslaught. Jess suffered numerous broken ribs and bones in addition to a fractured ear drum which left him deaf in one ear for the rest of his life.
Willard's courage only prolonged the inevitable. The carnage continued for three long rounds. At one point Willard's wife, who was in attendance, was led away from the horrific scene by friends.
The story circulated by Dempsey's former disgruntled manager Jack Kearns that Jack's gloves were loaded in the Willard fight has proven itself to be bogus.Kearnshad been let go by Dempsey because it was thought that he was skimming money from the champion. No less an authority than ring historian and Ring Magazine editor Nat Fleischer was present when Dempsey's gloves were wrapped and went on record to say that the story was bogus. In addition Willard himself checked Dempsey's gloves prior to the fight.
This single fight propelled Dempsey and boxing itself into the modern era. It was just the beginning for Dempsey. He was elevated to super star status. On July 2, 1921 Dempsey participated in the first million dollar gate when he took on French World War I hero "The Orchid Man" Georges Carpentier before a capacity crowd of 91,000 fans at Boyle's Thirty Acres inJersey City,NJ. The fight in addition to being the first million dollar gate was the first fight broadcast by the new medium of radio. It was promoted by Tex Rickard who had boxing fans believing that Georges had a real chance to defeat Dempsey. In fact between Rickard and his good friend George Bernard Shaw they had a hand in manipulating the odds in Carpentier's favor. One of the press releases described Georges as "The greatest fighter in the world".
Rickard was a forerunner of modern day promoters. Upon noticing that his new cash cow Dempsey was drawing huge crowds to his training camp in Atlantic City, N.J., Tex began charging a one dollar admission fee to fans so that they could get a glimpse of their hero training.
The extent which Rickard succeeded in putting on the mega fight was evidenced by the star power who put their money down to watch the fight. The match turned into a happening. Everyone who was someone or thought they were someone wanted to be seen at the event including several members of Theodore Roosevelt's family. The Rockefellers were there as well as was Damon Runyan and H.L. Menken. Everybody wanted to be there.
The reality was that Dempsey had way too much heavy artillery for Carpentier and scored a 4th round KO. The fight pulled in a record 1.7 million dollars, more than double the amount of the previous highest drawing money fight in boxing history. The modern era of boxing was off and running and the roaring twenties were in full swing. Jack Dempsey had earned several times more money in minutes than Babe Ruth earned in an entire year.
On September 14 1923 Dempsey took onArgentina's "Wild Bull of thePampas" Luis Angel Firpo. And unlike the Carpentier fight Dempsey's battle with Firpo more than lived up to its advanced media hype. Firpo at 6'3" and 216 pounds was a legitimate threat to Dempsey's title. He was immensely strong and although crude, he was as rough and tough as they come. Jack trained accordingly.
By now Dempsey was at his peak and weighed in at 192 pounds. Prior to the fight Rickard asked Dempsey if he would just let the fight go a little while so that the boxing fans in attendance would get their moneys worth. Characteristically Dempsey told Rickard to "Go to hell!"
As usual Jack immediately went on the attack. It was unquestionably the most exciting three minutes in boxing history (Dempsey vs Firpo – You Tube). Dempsey had Firpo down seven times in the first round. Dempsey was down twice and in the second knockdown Dempsey was sent flying out of the ring landing on a boxing writer's typewriter.
Dempsey had no recollection of climbing back into the ring and for that matter he thought afterwards that he had been the one KO'd. The first round ended soon after Dempsey climbed back into the ring. In the second round Dempsey launched a vicious body attack which sent Firpo to the canvas for the final time leaving him writhing around on the canvas as he was counted out. As was his custom Jack ran over and helped Firpo back to his feet. Boxing writers in 1950 voted the Dempsey – Firpo bout the most exciting fight of the first half of the 20th century.
The Firpo fight saw the end of the Toledo Dempsey. Jack started fighting exhibitions and making movies. He had lost the edge that made him the great fighter he had been. Unfortunately boxing fans would never again see the Toledo Dempsey.
After being inactive for three years Dempsey took on tough ex marine Gene Tunney at
Municipal Stadium inPhiladelphiaon September 23, 1926. Dempsey was just a shell of his former self as he pursued Tunney around the ring with little hope of catching him. Jack lost the title that he had held for over seven years by decision. The fight drew a record 120,557.
Dempsey and Tunney would fight again in the famous battle of "The long count" one year later at Soldier Field in Chicagoon September 22, 1927. In what was quite possibly the most controversial fights in boxing history Dempsey floored Tunney in the 7th round but then neglected to retire to a neutral corner as the new boxing rules dictated. Finally after many seconds had elapsed Dempsey obeyed the referees call to go to a neutral corner at which point the referee controversially started his count at one. The delay gave Tunney valuable time to clear his head and he wound up winning the rematch again by a wide margin.
Dempsey retired in 1931 and opened up a popular restaurant inTimes Squarein 1935. The restaurant was a popular spot for the "in crowd". Dempsey and Tunney became close friends after they retired from the ring. Tunney never received the adulation from boxing fans that Dempsey did during his hey day and that is most likely attributable to the dynamic way in which the "Manassa Mauler" fought.
The line that Dempsey used in explaining why he lost the first fight with Tunney: "Honey I forgot to duck!" was later used by President Reagan in a failed assassination attempt against him in 1981.
No story about Jack Dempsey would ever be complete without a retelling of the incident in which a couple of thugs attempted to mug him on the streets of New York Citywhen he was well into his 70's. For just a brief period of time the "Toledo" Dempsey was awakened. Dempsey never one to back away from what he loved best, a good fight, lashed back at his assailants, flattening one and causing the 2nd assailant to run away in sheer terror.
Dempsey passed on from this life in 1987 at the age of 83 leaving a great legacy behind.
© 2000 - 2011 Knockout Entertainment Ltd & SecondsOut.com


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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
The New York Power Authority will hold its "Safety Smart at Home" Sensational Saturday on July 13. The free event starts at 10 a.m. at NYPA's Niagara Hydroelectric Power Plant's free visitors center, the Power Vista, located at 5777 Lewiston Road, Lewiston.
Power Vista tour guides will lead guided tours throughout the facility and present Basics of Electricity shows. Helpful energy efficiency materials will be distributed and younger guests are invited to the Power Vista classroom for a film featuring Pumbaa and Timon, from the hit movie, "The Lion King," to learn how to be "Safety Smart at Home."
Visitors are encouraged to enjoy the Power Vista's other attractions, including displays and interactive exhibits related to the production of electricity, energy efficiency and the area's history, plus spectacular views from the observation deck 350 feet above the Niagara River gorge. Parking at the Power Vista is free.
For more information, contact the Power Vista at 716-286-6661 or email [email protected].


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Kelly wants No. 7 Notre Dame sticking to the plan
The first Notre Dame game linebacker Manti Te'o can remember watching on television was the last time ESPN's College Gameday was on campus. He was thrilled by the finish.
Unfortunately for Irish fans, though, Te'o was a Southern California fan back then and the play Te'o was cheering was the "Bush Push," when USC quarterback Matt Leinart spun off one tackle and stumbled into the end zone after a shove by tailback Reggie Bush to beat Notre Dame 34-31 in Charlie Weis' first season as coach.
A lot has happened since that game in 2005, most of it not good from the Irish perspective. ESPN hasn't had much reason to consider South Bend as a College Gameday site. That's changing this season as the Irish are ranked No. 7, there's growing hope among fans they might be able to compete for a national championship and the media spotlight grows brighter on South Bend with each Irish victory. There's a sense of anticipation around campus that hasn't been felt since the Irish nearly beat top-ranked USC in that game seven years ago.
Coach Brian Kelly is telling his players not to pay attention to all the excitement, instead telling them to stick to his plan of focusing on the next opponent.
"I've worked this plan for a number of years. I've had great success with it. If they choose to continue to follow it they're going to continue to have success," he said. "It's the trust element of staying focused on what we can handle and what we need to handle and we will be fine."
It's the same plan Kelly used when Grand Valley State went 14-0 in 2002 and won a national championship, when the spotlight shining on the program came from the Detroit media. It's the plan he used in leading Cincinnati to a 12-0 start in 2009, before accepting the Notre Dame job.
Kelly talks weekly with the players about the distractions. So far, they appear to be heeding his advice. Te'o has said repeatedly the Irish believe in Kelly's mantra of using every practice to get better and focusing on the task at hand.
"I think our team has done a tremendous job in following through with the expectations that we hold for ourselves and that Coach Kelly has for us," he said. "I think that is a definite direct correlation to our success thus far in the season."
Tight end Tyler Eifert said in past seasons the Irish let the wins and losses effect how they play.
"We've just learned from our mistakes and gotten better," he said. "When you win a game, you haven't arrived. We're a good football team, but we have a long way to go."
The Irish this week face No. 17 Stanford (4-1), which has not just beaten the Irish three straight, but beaten them handily the past two seasons.
"They haven't beaten Stanford and I would say if there is one team that has beaten us physically it's been Stanford, and they know that," Kelly said.
He said the Irish can see from watching film of Stanford that it has been physically intimidating opponents, including an upset of USC.
"They don't need much push from me to know what to expect this weekend," Kelly said.
They also don't need much reminding from him about what he expects. He expects the Irish to stick to the plan.


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Jennifer Garner & Ben Affleck: Farmers Market Family!
Jennifer Garner and Ben Affleck bring their girls, Violet and Seraphina, to a farmers market on Sunday (October 16) in Brentwood, Calif.
The 39-year-old actress picked up fresh fruit, while Ben brought back flowers and the girls sampled popcorn balls.
PHOTOS: Check out the latest pics of Jennifer Garner
Last week, Ben and Jen brought Violet and Sera to a church in Santa Monica to pick out pumpkins.
You can catch Jen on the big screen next in Butter, which is making the rounds at film festivals and will be released in theaters soon.
FYI: Jen is wearing a Gap maternity tee and Citizens of Humanity "Ava" straight leg maternity jeans.


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Exposure to stressors at formative stages in the development of wildlife and humans can have enduring effects on health. Understanding which, when and how stressors cause enduring health effects is crucial because these stressors might then be avoided or mitigated during formative stages to prevent lasting increases in disease susceptibility. Nevertheless, the impact of early-life exposure to stressors on the ability of hosts to resist and tolerate infections has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Here, we show that early-life, 6-day exposure to the herbicide atrazine (mean ± s.e.: 65.9±3.48 µg l−1) increased frog mortality 46 days after atrazine exposure (post-metamorphosis), but only when frogs were challenged with a chytrid fungus implicated in global amphibian declines. Previous atrazine exposure did not affect resistance of infection (fungal load). Rather, early-life exposure to atrazine altered growth and development, which resulted in exposure to chytrid at more susceptible developmental stages and sizes, and reduced tolerance of infection, elevating mortality risk at an equivalent fungal burden to frogs unexposed to atrazine. Moreover, there was no evidence of recovery from atrazine exposure. Hence, reducing early-life exposure of amphibians to atrazine could reduce lasting increases in the risk of mortality from a disease associated with worldwide amphibian declines. More generally, these findings highlight that a better understanding of how stressors cause enduring effects on disease susceptibility could facilitate disease prevention in wildlife and humans, an approach that is often more cost-effective and efficient than reactive medicine.
1. Introduction
Stressors can have profound and enduring effects on health when experienced during formative stages of life [1–4]. Understanding which, when and how stressors cause these enduring health effects is crucial because these stressors might then be avoided or mitigated during formative stages to prevent lasting increases in disease. Surprisingly, we know little about how early-life exposure to stressors affects the risk of infectious diseases later in life. Indeed, a review on later-life outcomes of early-life exposures [4] provides several examples of stress early in life having enduring effects on non-infectious disease outcomes, but offers no examples of early-life exposures affecting infectious diseases later in life (but see [5]).
There are several mechanisms by which early-life exposure to stressors might affect disease later in life. First, vertebrate exposure to stress hormones (e.g. glucocorticoids) during key developmental windows can cause lasting alterations in the functioning of their hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, affecting their immune system into adulthood [1–3]. These changes to the endocrine or immune system of hosts might affect infection resistance (ability to prevent or clear infections), tolerance (ability to minimize the fitness consequences of infections [6–9]) or both. The distinction between resistance and tolerance is important, because tolerant individuals can be superspreaders [3], disproportionately facilitating pathogen transmission, whereas resistant hosts can impose strong selection pressures on parasites for increased virulence [6]. Second, the susceptibility of many species to pathogens can depend on their size and developmental stage. Thus, early-life exposure to stressors that alter growth or development might also alter the risk of infectious disease later in life [10]. Distinguishing these mechanisms is important. On the one hand, if stressors affect host susceptibility as a function of individual size or development (i.e. quality/condition), then any stressor that affects these traits could affect disease risk. On the other hand, if the mechanism is mediated by specific effects of a stressor (e.g. a toxin) on the immune system, any enduring effect of stressor exposure could be limited to parasites controlled by affected immune parameters.
Regardless of the mechanism, it is critical that we understand the effects of early-life exposure to stressors on infectious disease. Such data are rare but could explain recent emergence of some zoonoses, as well as greater prevalence of some infections in anthropogenically modified areas [3]. Effects of stressors on disease are particularly important for amphibians because they are the most threatened of all vertebrate taxa, and many of their declines have been linked to disease [11,12], most prominently Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Bd is a chytrid fungus implicated in hundreds of amphibian declines in the past four decades, and whose distribution and consequences for hosts are influenced by abiotic stressors [13–17].
We set out to test whether early-life exposure to the herbicide atrazine—the second most commonly used pesticide in the USA, and possibly the world [18]—has immediate and/or enduring effects on Bd-induced mortality of amphibians, and, if so, to identify the mechanisms driving these effects. We exposed Cuban tree frog tadpoles (Osteopilus septentrionalis), at two different windows in their development, to an ecologically relevant exposure (6-day exposure to 65.9 ± 3.48 µg l−1, mean ± s.e.; see the electronic supplementary material, Results) of atrazine (see the electronic supplementary material, figure S1). We then challenged the frogs with Bd, either immediately after atrazine exposure (as tadpoles) or a mean of 46 days later (post-metamorphosis), to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of atrazine on amphibian resistance and tolerance to Bd (see the electronic supplementary material, figure S1).
We formulated several specific hypotheses based on the biology of amphibian–Bd interactions, and documented effects of atrazine and early-life stressors on amphibian hosts. Frogs tend to be more sensitive to chytridiomycosis at smaller sizes and as they approach metamorphosis [19,20], and atrazine is known to reduce amphibian size and have variable effects on development [21]. Moreover, stressors experienced early in tadpole development tend to slow metamorphosis, whereas stressors experienced later in tadpole development can expedite metamorphosis [21]. Hence, we postulated that early-life exposure to atrazine would affect Bd-induced mortality by altering the size and developmental stage at which the frogs were exposed to Bd. In addition, in a variety of vertebrates, atrazine exposure early in life disrupts reproductive hormone regulation and morphology [22–24], alters the HPA axis and stress hormone levels, and has enduring negative effects on performance and immunity [21,25–32]. Thus, we also hypothesized that, even when controlling for size and developmental stage, atrazine exposure would have immediate and persistent effects on Bd-induced mortality mediated by changes to host physiology. Finally, atrazine has been shown to affect amphibian resistance and tolerance to macroparasites [21,25,26,33], and thus we hypothesized that it would affect both resistance and tolerance to Bd.
2. Material and methods
(a) Experimental design and animal care
Five weeks before the start of the experiment, we established 60 outdoor mesocosms (1.8 m diameter, 60 cm deep, approx. 1100 l) at a facility in southeastern Hillsborough County, FL, USA, each containing 800 l of water and inoculations of local zooplankton, phytoplankton and periphyton, and covered with 60% shade cloth. Forty tanks received 50 O. septentrionalis tadpoles (all at Gosner stages [25–28,34]) from five clutches collected from pools at the University of South Florida (USF) campus (the clutches were mixed to homogenize genetic variation before being distributed among the tanks). These pools were filled with municipal water and could not receive any run-off that might contain contaminants. This experiment was conducted in outdoor tanks, so that the food resources of the tadpoles might be more natural than in a laboratory.
We implemented a completely randomized 2×2×2×2 factorial design with five replicates of each treatment (see the electronic supplementary material, figure S1). Tanks received either 25 ml of ethanol solvent or atrazine (Chemservice, West Chester, PA; technical grade, purity more than 98%; see the electronic supplementary material, Results) dissolved in 25 ml of ethanol. Rohr and co-workers have conducted 10 previous studies examining the effects of atrazine on amphibians and parasites (most reviewed in [21,35–40]). These studies quantified various traits of the amphibians and parasites [27,28,35–41], but never detected any immediate or later-life effects of the solvent on any measured trait. Thus, a water control was not included in our design, and we assume the effects of atrazine did not depend on the presence of the solvent (i.e. no atrazine-by-solvent interactions). To quantify actual atrazine concentrations, water samples were taken from every tank 1 h after dosing and atrazine was quantified using the Abraxis (Abraxis LLC, Warminster, PA) ELISA microtiter plate kit, with each sample processed in duplicate (measured concentrations were 65.9 ± 3.48 mg l−1, mean ± s.e.). Atrazine has a long half-life [21] and was shown to have negligible breakdown over a 7-day period [41].
To evaluate whether there were developmental windows of susceptibility to atrazine, tadpoles were exposed to the solvent control or atrazine for 6 days at one of two periods during their development, either in the first week (Gosner stage 26–28) or second week (Gosner stage 35–37) of the experiment (see electronic supplementary material, figure S1). These two time points were chosen because they roughly corresponded to the pre- and pro-metamorphic developmental windows in which the stress hormone corticosterone can affect the tadpole development of some amphibian species [42]. After exposure to atrazine or solvent, we characterized Gosner stage [34] and snout–vent lengths (SVLs) of all tadpoles, and exposed them to Bd or not (see below). To test for short- and long-term effects of atrazine exposure on disease risk, the pathogen treatments occurred less than 18 h or a mean of 46 days after the end of the chemical exposure period. The latter Bd exposure time was post-metamorphosis. If a tank of tadpoles was designated to be exposed to the Bd treatment post-metamorphosis, then all the tadpoles from the tank were counted and transferred to an adjacent tank after the 6-day atrazine- or solvent-exposure period and then reared to metamorphosis. These adjacent tanks were established the same way as the 'exposure' tanks but were free of atrazine or solvent. Metamorphs were pulled from the tanks every other day and maintained in the laboratory (12 h light cycle, 23°C) on vitamin- and mineral-dusted crickets (fed ad libitum) until their use in the Bd-exposure portion of the experiment. In summary, there were 60 mesocosms total; 40 served as the primary tanks for the 2×2×2 portion of the experiment (atrazine or solvent × early or late in development×immediate or delayed Bd exposure), and 20 mesocosms had freshwater to house the delayed Bd exposure animals in the absence of atrazine or solvent.
(b) Bd exposure and quantification
Tadpoles were exposed to 2 ml of the Bd+ or Bd− (prepared identically to Bd+ but lacked Bd zoospores) inocula in 80 ml of artificial spring water (ASW) [43] for 2 days (see the electronic supplementary material, Methods for more details). They were then transferred along with the inoculum water to 1 l cups filled with fresh ASW and fed organic spinach ad libitum. Metamorphic frogs were exposed to the Bd by pipetting 2 ml of 3 × 104 zoospores ml−1 onto the frog's ventral side. Excess inoculum was collected in each frog's vented plastic container (350 ml), which contained 125 ml of dampened autoclaved soil collected from the USF campus. In general, five tadpoles or metamorphs were exposed to Bd from each tank, but these numbers varied depending on survival. Post-metamorphic frogs were fed five vitamin- and mineral-dusted crickets (5–15 mm) twice per week, and tadpoles were fed organic spinach ad libitum. During the Bd+ or Bd− exposure periods, tadpoles and metamorphs were maintained at 23°C on a 12 h light cycle and their survival was monitored daily for 14 days. At the end of the Bd+ or Bd− exposure periods, all surviving animals were euthanized with an overdose of MS-222 and individually preserved in 70% ethanol for later quantification of Bd. We used the quantitative PCR procedure described by Kriger et al. [44] to quantify Bd from tadpole mouthparts (dissected) and hindlimbs (one hindlimb was removed from tadpoles that had developed hindlimbs; see the electronic supplementary material, Methods).
(c) Statistical analyses
Statistical analyses were conducted using R statistical software [45], and all probability values were calculated using type II sums of squares. Measured atrazine concentration was analysed using a full-factorial model ('lm' function, base package) with developmental window and timing of Bd exposure as the crossed factors. Survival to metamorphosis (binomial error) and time to metamorphosis (normal error) were analysed using generalized linear mixed-effects models ('lmer' function, 'nlme' package) with individual frogs nested within each tank (a random factor), and testing for the main and interactive effects of atrazine treatment and developmental window. Survival of O. septentrionalis during the 6-day atrazine- or solvent-exposure period was analysed identically as survival to metamorphosis except that the analysis also included the factor timing of Bd treatment and associated interaction terms. We also used generalized linear mixed-effects models to analyse survival during the Bd-exposure period (a binomial response; 'lmer' function, 'nlme' package). Given that a portion of the amphibians from each mesocosm were or were not exposed to Bd, individual frogs were again nested within each tank (a random factor) to ensure proper replication within the analysis. In this model, we tested for all main effects (atrazine treatment, developmental window, timing of Bd treatment, Bd treatment) as well as two-, three- and four-way interactions.
We also evaluated whether any differential mortality associated with the treatments could be attributed to changes in resistance or tolerance to Bd. To evaluate the effects of treatments on resistance to Bd, we used generalized mixed-effects models with Bd load as the response variable ('glmmADMB' function, 'glmmADMB' package), individuals nested within tanks (a random effect), and a negative binomial error distribution. For tadpoles, Gosner stage, SVL, time since Bd exposure, atrazine, window and an atrazine-by-window interaction were the tested factors. For metamorphs, we tested all the same factors except that Gosner stage was excluded. Significance of factors in all generalized linear models was determined using log-likelihood ratio tests.
The fitness effects of parasitism can be broken down into two components: (i) the cost of parasite exposure, which is the difference in fitness between organisms that were not exposed to parasites and those that were exposed but not infected, and (ii) tolerance, the change in host fitness as a function of parasite burden [8]. Tolerance analyses seek to test whether any significant effect of treatments on a fitness proxy can be accounted for or nullified by pathogen abundance. Hence, after controlling for the vigour (survival in the absence of parasite exposure), tolerance analyses seek to evaluate whether two groups of hosts with identical parasite abundances differ in fitness [6–8]. Assuming no change in parasite virulence over the course of infection, the host with the greater fitness is more tolerant of the infection. In each of the two tolerance analyses described in this paragraph, we conducted analyses including and excluding animals that were exposed to Bd and died despite not getting infected, but results were similar regardless of alternative approaches (see the electronic supplementary material, Results). Excluding uninfected but exposed animals isolates the effects of treatments on tolerance, whereas including them considers the effect of treatments on the combination of tolerance and the cost of parasite exposure [8].
One criticism of traditional tolerance analyses is that researchers often cannot distinguish between host or parasite traits driving differences in fitness among hosts with similar parasite burdens [46]. This complication was avoided in our experiment, because Bd was never exposed to atrazine, only the host was exposed. Thus, any difference in Bd-induced mortality between atrazine- and solvent-exposed groups with similar Bd loads must be due to changes in hosts, not Bd. In other words, tolerance, a host trait, is the appropriate term here.
To test for the effects of treatments on tolerance, we repeated the binomial analyses described earlier for frog survival during the Bd-exposure period but only conducted the analysis on animals exposed to Bd and included log Bd load as a covariate. Additionally, we used the same predictors and dataset as above but conducted a censored Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate whether treatments affected how long frogs survived (see electronic supplementary material, Results). Finally, to evaluate the effects of treatments on cost of exposure, we compared the survival (binomial response) of frogs that were challenged with Bd but did not get infected versus frogs that were not challenged with Bd. If atrazine-exposed frogs that were challenged with Bd but did not get infected were still more likely to die than atrazine-exposed frogs that were not challenged with Bd (i.e. an atrazine-by-Bd interaction), then this would indicate that atrazine increased the costs of exposure to Bd.
3. Results and discussion
None of the factors we manipulated had significant effects on tadpole survival during the 6-day atrazine or solvent (i.e. control) exposure period (d.f. = 1; atrazine: χ2 = 0.139, p = 0.709; window: χ2 = 0.654, p = 0.419; timing of Bd exposure: χ2 = 2.018, p = 0.156; interactions: χ2 < 0.788, p > 0.374; electronic supplementary material, figure S2). Atrazine also had no significant effects on survival to metamorphosis (d.f. = 1; atrazine: χ2 = 0.171, p = 0.680; atrazine×window: χ2 = 0.003, p = 0.958; electronic supplementary material, figure S2). Additionally, in the absence of Bd exposure, neither atrazine (χ2 = 0.024, d.f. = 1, p = 0.876) nor any interactions of other factors with atrazine were significant predictors of mortality (χ2 < 0.460, d.f. = 1, p > 0.497; figure 1; electronic supplementary material, figures S2 and S3).
Although atrazine exposure early in life had no significant effects on survival in the absence of Bd, it significantly increased mortality in the presence of Bd (figure 1), resulting in a significant Bd-by-atrazine interaction (table 1). Indeed, risk of death was two times more likely for individuals exposed to atrazine and Bd (35.1% mortality) than those exposed to solvent and Bd (15.7% mortality; figure 1). Mortality in the solvent-treated animals during this two-week exposure period was only 11% (figure 1). There was no significant interaction term that included both atrazine and timing of Bd exposure (table 1), which indicates that the Bd-induced mortality was of a similar magnitude when frogs were exposed to Bd immediately after the 6-day exposure to atrazine or later in life (mean = 46 days; figure 1). Thus, there was no evidence of recovery from early-life exposure to atrazine. Similarly, in a previous study, there was no evidence of amphibian recovery to behavioural alterations induced by early-life exposure to atrazine [28]. Given the lack of recovery from atrazine, the long-term increase in amphibian susceptibility to Bd associated with early-life exposure to atrazine should outweigh any adverse direct effect of atrazine on the short-lived (approx. 24 h) Bd zoospores [40].
There was also no significant interaction term that included atrazine and developmental window (table 1). In other words, the increase in Bd-induced death associated with early-life exposure to atrazine was independent of when atrazine exposure occurred during development (figure 1); both exposure windows had similar negative outcomes with respect to death. However, we caution against concluding that amphibians lack developmental windows of sensitivity to atrazine, because an actual window of sensitivity could have spanned the end of the first window and the beginning of the second window, precluding detection, and because the entire larval stage could be a developmental window.
We explored several potential mechanisms for how atrazine increased Bd-induced death. For instance, frogs are known to be more sensitive to Bd both at smaller sizes and as they approach metamorphosis [19,20], and thus it is possible that the effects of atrazine on Bd-induced mortality were simply a function of atrazine affecting frog size and/or development. Indeed, death was significantly more likely when frogs were exposed to Bd after metamorphosis than as tadpoles (table 1 and figure 1) and atrazine exposure accelerated tadpole development when it occurred in window two but not window one (atrazine × window: Wilk's F2,95 = 3.318, p = 0.040; figure 2a). Consequently, many tadpoles exposed to atrazine in window two (but not window one) began to metamorphose during the Bd-exposure period (figure 1). Further, although atrazine- and solvent-exposed frogs were of similar size when exposed to Bd as tadpoles, when challenged with Bd as metamorphs, atrazine-exposed frogs were generally smaller than solvent-exposed frogs (atrazine×timing of Bd: χ2 = 4.521, d.f. = 1, p = 0.034; figure 2b; MANOVA on mass and SVL: χ2 = 3.427, d.f. = 1, p = 0.064). As predicted, tadpole developmental stage (coefficient ± s.e.: 0.193 ± 0.076; χ2 = 7.468, d.f. = 1, p = 0.006) and SVL (coefficient ± s.e.: −0.609 ± 0.225; χ2 = 8.077, d.f. = 1, p = 0.004) were indeed significant positive and negative predictors of death from Bd, respectively. These findings indicate that early-life exposure to atrazine reduced amphibian size and accelerated their development (window 2 only), which, in turn, increased their likelihood of dying from Bd exposure.
Although atrazine effects on size and development explain some of the susceptibility to Bd, there might also be significant effects of atrazine on Bd-induced mortality independent of effects on size and development, perhaps through atrazine-mediated dysregulation of the endocrine and immune systems. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated whether atrazine still had significant effects on Bd-induced mortality after controlling for developmental stage and SVL (a measure of size). Atrazine remained a significant positive predictor of mortality risk when these covariates were added to the model (tadpoles: coefficient ± s.e.: 0.756 ± 0.814; χ2 = 4.15, d.f. = 1, p = 0.042; overall mortality: coefficient ± s.e.: 0.686 ± 0.935; χ2 = 7.23, d.f. = 1, p = 0.007). Thus, despite atrazine accelerating development that resulted in exposure to Bd at more susceptible developmental stages (i.e. near metamorphosis for tadpoles) and sizes [19,20], these effects alone were not adequate to explain the increase in Bd-induced mortality associated with atrazine, suggesting that atrazine also had persistent effects on components of host physiology that contributed to the observed Bd-induced mortality.
Changes to host resistance or tolerance are two physiological mechanisms by which atrazine could increase Bd-induced death [6–8]. Resistance, or the inverse of Bd load on the frogs, depended on whether Bd exposure occurred as tadpoles or after metamorphosis (χ2 = 72.68, d.f. = 1, p < 0.001), but it did not depend significantly on SVL (coefficient ± s.e.: 0.121 ± 0.094; χ2 = 1.64, d.f. = 1, p = 0.200), developmental window (mean log10 genome equivalents ± s.e.: window 1: 1.615 ± 0.246; window 2: 1.459±0.287; χ2 = 3.10, d.f. = 1, p = 0.078), time since Bd exposure (coefficient ± s.e.: 0.026 ± 0.056; χ2 = 0.20, d.f. = 1, p = 0.655), atrazine (control: 1.642 ± 0.271; atrazine: 1.432 ± 0.262; χ2 = 0.02, d.f. = 1, p = 0.888; figure 3a) or any interactions with atrazine (χ2 < 0.80, d.f. = 1, p > 0.370). Hence, despite atrazine-exposed frogs having significantly greater Bd-induced mortality than solvent-exposed frogs, there was no evidence that the atrazine-exposed frogs were less resistant to Bd. By contrast, tolerance differed significantly among the atrazine- and solvent-exposed frogs (figure 3b,c); at the same Bd load, atrazine-exposed frogs were more likely to die than solvent-exposed frogs (binomial model: χ2 = 6.95, d.f. = 1, p = 0.008; figure 3b,c). The effect of atrazine on tolerance of infections was independent of developmental window and exposure period (χ2 < 0.951, d.f. = 1, p > 0.329) and was not caused by frog size (SVL: χ2 = 0.116, d.f. = 1, p = 0.733). Much of the effect of atrazine on tolerance was driven by atrazine elevating the cost of exposure to Bd [8], because atrazine-exposed frogs that were challenged with Bd but did not get infected were still more likely to die than atrazine-exposed frogs that were not challenged with Bd (see the electronic supplementary material, Results and figure S4). This effect on cost of exposure could be caused by a recently discovered chemical released by Bd that can cause pathology in the absence of infection [47] or collateral damage caused by inflammation [6,7], as early-life exposure to atrazine was recently shown to cause hyperinflammation in trout [48].
In summary, we showed that 6-day exposure to an environmentally realistic concentration of atrazine early in the life of an amphibian was associated with long-term increases in mortality from a chytrid fungus implicated in worldwide amphibian declines [11,12]. We found no evidence of recovery from this exposure, as the magnitude of the atrazine effect on Bd-induced mortality was similar whether frogs were challenged with Bd immediately after atrazine exposure or 46 days later. Hence, amphibians might need to be exposed to atrazine only briefly as larvae for atrazine to cause persistent increases in their risk of Bd-induced mortality, suggesting that the role of atrazine in amphibian declines warrants further, careful investigation. In addition, the 6-day exposure to atrazine was associated with reduced amphibian size that was only apparent later in life (see [30] for similar effect), an effect that can reduce fitness by diminishing reproductive output [49]. These findings are consistent with several studies demonstrating that atrazine can affect physiology, behaviour, growth, immunity and survival of mammals, fish and amphibians [21–30], and with a recent study demonstrating that atrazine exposure causes negative effects on genes involved in early immunity [48]. However, this study is unique because it demonstrates that early-life exposure to atrazine can have enduring negative effects on tolerance to infections.
Similar to our findings, short-term atrazine exposure reduced tadpole tolerance to trematode infections [26], but in other studies, atrazine altered resistance to infections [21,25]. Effects of early-life exposure to stressors are complex [50], and we suspect that the effects of atrazine on these two defence strategies are context-dependent. In conclusion, the findings presented here suggest that understanding and preventing exposure of susceptible populations to early-life conditions that chronically compromise the ability of individuals to cope with infections represents an important and underused approach to disease management that should greatly enhance both wildlife and human health.
Funding statement
This work was supported by grants from the US Department of Agriculture (NRI 2008-00622 20, 2008-01785, 2013-04712), US Environmental Protection Agency (STAR R83-3835, CAREER 83518801) and National Science Foundation (EF-1241889) to J.R.R.
We thank the extensive group of undergraduate researchers who helped with this work and the Rohr laboratory and two anonymous reviewers for comments. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Data used in this study are embargoed for 1 year for additional analyses and associated manuscripts, after which they will be made available on the website of the corresponding author. Data enquiries can also be made through an email request to the corresponding author.
- Received June 10, 2013.
- Accepted October 1, 2013.
- © 2013 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.


text: In 15th-century France, the evil archdeacon of Notre Dame is Claude Frollo (Sir Cedric Hardwicke). Under his command is a deformed hunchback, Quasimodo (Charles Laughton), who is instructed to capture the Gypsy Esmeralda (Maureen O'Hara), the object of Frollo's unrequited lust. Phoebus (Alan Marshal), the man Esmeralda loves, rescues her Phoebus (Alan Marshal), but she is framed for his murder, setting the stage for a gripping confrontation between Frollo and Quasimodo.


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Jamie's Glossy Black Rental Kitchen
Like this entry? Favorite it below!
- Name:
- Jamie
- Location:
- New York, NY
- Square Feet:
- 42
- Division:
- Rent
- What makes your small kitchen so cool:
- I wanted to bring some masculine, cool elements to the tiny space. So I introduced dark colors and some metal finishes. Also was able to add interesting art pieces.
- Describe a challenge you've overcome or a smart resource you've found for your kitchen.:
- My biggest challanges were out dated/brown top cabinets, zero natural light, and lack of storage. I first painted my top cabinets a semi-gloss black and changed out the hardware on both the top and lower cabinets to create some unity. I then, painted the back splash wall a gun metal gray to help with the color contrast of the top and lower cabinets and to help create a focal point. Since there is no window and zero natural light, I added a large mirror to my left wall to help brighten up the space and bounce light around the area. Finally I added some refurbished night stands to give me some additional storage space. I painted the night stands black to compliment the top cabinets. I use one as a microwave stand and pantry and the other as storage for small counter top appliances which keeps my tiny counter space uncluttered.I also found a metal shelf that some one had discarded, hung it on the wall, added some "s" hooks, and attached my pots and pans.
- What's your favorite meal to cook here?:
- Oven roasted and stuffed pork loin. Mashed garlic and chive sweet potatoes. Strawberry, onion, and field greens salad with poppy seed dressing.
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Youth Frontier Tee
You Duck Tee
Sunset Tee
Big Show 50/50 Tee
Showtime 50/50 Tee
Shark 50/50 Tee
Frontier 50/50 Tee
Reflective W Tech Tee
Burn Short
Caddy Shack 2 Short
Lazy Hoodie


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Hornets down struggling Suns
Phoenix, AZ – The New Orleans Hornets finally ended their eight-game road losing slide as they held off the Phoenix Suns for a 95-92 victory at the US Airways Center.
Anthony Davis led the charge with 20 points and blocked two shots for New Orleans as it ended a two-game losing streak. Eric Gordon and Ryan Anderson scored 17 points apiece. Anderson also grabbed 10 rebounds and the Hornets improved to 16-21 with Gordon in the lineup.
"I think we did what we needed to do to get a win. I didn't like our fourth quarter defense but you can expect a run from any team in the NBA," Hornets coach Monte Williams said.
Markieff Morris scored 18 points for Phoenix, which also received 17 points and 10 boards from Luis Scola. Jared Dudley chimed in with 15 points off the bench, but it was not enough to help the Suns avoid their season-high ninth consecutive setback. Goran Dragic had 11 points and eight assists in the loss. Michael Beasley had a tough outing, going 1-of-11 from the field to tally only three points.
"I think the biggest disappointment for us tonight was how we didn't respond when they got physical, when they turned it up, the intensity, we just didn't respond. It doesn't matter who you play, if you don't bring a level of physical-ness and intensity to the game then this is what happens," said Suns coach Lindsey Hunter.
Scola scored 11 of his points in the opening 12 minutes to help Phoenix take a 26-17 lead into the second quarter. The Hornets made only 38.1 percent of their field goal tries in the first period.
New Orleans continued to struggle offensively in the second quarter, but it locked down on the defensive end to hold the Suns to just 30 percent efficiency from the field and force them into five turnovers. Gordon tallied eight points in the second quarter, but Phoenix managed to hang on to a 43-39 lead at the contest progressed into the intermission.
The Hornets quickly erased the halftime deficit as they dominated the third quarter, outscoring the hosts, 35-19, in the period. New Orleans made all 13 of its free-throw attempts while the Suns went 0-of-3 from 3-point range.
Phoenix finally found its shooting touch in the fourth quarter as Kendall Marshall led a comeback effort with nine points and three assists. Morris had eight points in the fourth quarter, however he was unable to make a potentially game-tying 3-point attempt from 26 feet away in the closing seconds.
Game Notes
New Orleans converted 27-of-29 at the free-throw line and held a 48-38 edge in the rebounding battle...Xavier Henry scored eight points off the bench...Phoenix has lost seven home games in a row...New Orleans improved to 4-19 in road games against Western Conference teams.


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Prof Davis Checks In
Copyright © All stories have been written by me under the name Tabber or TXtabber. Please do not copy my stories for posting in other places.
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253 people have taken this course
Our deep desire for well being and longevity must be claimed against the powerful vortex of modern life: temptations of rich and processed foods, drugs and alcohol; sedentary habits; increasing chronic and degenerative illness despite medical advancements; continuous exposure to chemicals in water, air, food, home and vehicle; daily stresses wearing us down; electronic pollution, genetic engineering, bio-warfare and super viruses lurking in the shadows for us to hope we can escape...
Hey, where is that water truck to stop this wildfire???
We are living in an incredible peak of civilization on planet Earth - a narrow band of time when almost everything we desire is available to us. At this cusp of the ages as described in Mayan and other ancient cosmologies, it is up to us to make effective choices to carry through and activate our next stage of positive evolution. Knowledge and wisdom for living healthfully in today's world MUST be applied and integrated into new productive routines and habits, which believe it or not can be easy and fun!
For many, despite our best efforts, lean, fit vitality and well-being seem as elusive as the butterfly just beyond our grasp! Yet help is on the way - discover Cary's gentle hand on your shoulder as she compassionately guides you - whether you are well along on the path or still struggling - follow this map of her 10 Essential Secrets to activate, rejuvenate, protect and bring to life Your Personal Best!
Cary Ellis is a 60+ year young innovator and leader in the world of healthy lifestyle, who has an innate sense of how to thrive in the times in which we are living. Generally taken for much younger than her years, her personal life is a model for what she teaches.
Spend time with Cary in this course and catch a glimpse of how you too can capture the magic of eternal youthfulness, health and longevity. Cary is author of "Super Immunity Secrets" (50 delicious everyday vegan/vegetarian recipes, with herbs and quick easy tips for immune protective living) and "Climb the Transitional Ladder" dietary transition chart.
Cary has been awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree for her lifework that has supported thousands in moving towards their full potential, through her background as Educator with Gerson Cancer Therapy Institute, Co-Director of a Hippocrates Wheatgrass and Living Foods Center; co-founder Dolphin Camp; marketing and operations for Tony Robbins' Firewalks and Personal Power trainings; Iridologist and Instructor of Body Electronics with Dr. John Ray, healing her own broken arm in a matter of six hours with "Point-Holding" and "Health and the Human Mind" emotional clearing techniques.
...and of course she couldn't do it all without her "Super Assistant" Maggie! (woof woof!)
Hi - I'm Cary Ellis - I've been on the path living this lifestyle now for over 42 years, and of course on the journey, I've had my own challenges to wrestle and overcome. Some of my professional friends and I often joke that, "We are our own best 'guinea-people'," so I've learned a lot along the way.
None of us are immune to inherited and cultivated patterns - (darn) but the exciting news is it takes 30 days to activate new neurological pathways and grow new neurons - as we become proactive, we set in motion the body's magical system to eliminate old negative habits.
This means that during the next 12 weeks we can create an entirely new neurology as we immerse ourselves in restorative, protective lifestyle habits. This course is about taking action to implement new strategies daily - so that during our time together we will refresh, renew and energize our lifestyle for body, mind and spirit!
You may laugh, but Maggie (my "best friend") and I will be here with you for inspiration that youth and longevity are just a few habits away (by the time you read this I will be 60+ years young). And remember, just reading the lessons will give you lots of new "info" - BUT our goal here is to grow some new neurological pathways, so let's take ACTION!
Come on, let's get started!!! See you on the inside...
NOTE: In putting anything into practice health-wise it is always important to consult your physician or health practitioner. This course is for educational purposes only and not intended to take the place of professional health consultation. Participation in this course says that you understand and agree that you accept full responsibility for whatever you put into practice as a result of this course.
Starting today, you will receive a new lesson every 4 days for 12 weeks (total of 21 lessons). Each lesson is yours to keep and you'll be able to refer back to it whenever you want. And if you miss a lesson or are too busy to get to it that day, each lesson will conveniently remain in your account so you won't have to search for it when you're ready to get back to it.
As a free gift, when you sign up for this course, you will also receive the award-winning DailyOM inspiration newsletter which gives you daily inspirational thoughts for a happy, healthy and fulfilling day. We will also let you know about other courses and offers from DailyOM and Cary Ellis that we think you might be interested in.
We are offering this course with the option of selecting how much you want to pay. No matter how much you pay, you'll be getting the same course as everybody else. We simply trust that people are honest and will support the author of the course with whatever they can afford. And if you are not 100% satisfied, we will refund your money.
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I see I am late to the party--very late, but I just wanted to add a comment or two--or more . For the last three or four years I served as editor, as well as one of the writers, for our church's online weekly devotional study. (One year, five days a week--whew!)
Several thoughts stand out to me as a reader of devotionals, those I edited and others:
If I want an exposition of a Scripture, I'd prefer to read a commentary by one of my favorite theologians.
I can understand facts and opinions better if there are good examples.
Creativity draws me in. Some years ago I submitted a devotional to a well-known devotional magazine. The editors rejected it and advised me to use sensory images to make it come alive.
I feel like I've read a good devotional when my faith is strengthened, my soul is blessed, I am encouraged, and/or I'm inspired to follow Christ more closely.
Here are several suggestions for those who enjoy writing devotionals:
When studying the Bible, look for a new insight the Spirit whispers to you.
Jot down personal experiences that you can develop later.
Keep your eyes open to articles you read in the newspaper or other media that prompt a response from you and put them in a folder.
Finally, Jan, I loved your latest devotional in JewelsofEncouragement.com--the perfect example of an encouraging devotional.
This is one of my devotionals that was in Jewels of Encouragement a long time ago--open to critique.
Always Loved
While standing in line to pay for a purchase in a department store, I enjoyed watching the antics of the children in front of me. A young mother had three very active children dancing around her. The two little girls, outfitted like child models, sang and circled each other in perpetual motion.
Their brother, a little older than they, put his around one of his sisters and tried to kiss her cheek. When she quickly pulled out of his reach and moved away, he put his arm around the other sister. As he attempted to kiss her cheek, she muttered, "No, no, no," and with no great gentleness pushed him away.
Brother announced in a petulant voice, "Nobody wants a kiss from me." He looked up at his mother, who was opening her purse to get ready to pay for the little dresses and boys' dress shirts she had laid on the counter. He said, "Mama, lean down and let me kiss your cheek."
Immediately, she stopped shuffling in her purse and bent down to receive his kiss. She said, "I love you."
He said, "You always love me." And that's the way of it with a true mother's heart. Even so, much more, that's the way of it with God's heart. What precious security we have in God's love.
"For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers, nor things present nor things to come, nor powers, nor height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord." (Romans 8:38-39 / ESV)


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Easy, Yummy Party Food: 25 Bites, Dips & Nibbles
It's Birthday Week at The Kitchn, and while we've been hitting the birthday cake pretty hard, we don't want to forget about all the other delicious things that accompany a good party. I love any excuse to whip up some bite-sized nibbles, and a birthday party is as good of a time as any. Here are 25 favorite party bites from our archives — dips, teeny nibbles, little things on toast, and even a few sweet things.
These are truly my own favorites. I really, really like making up a quick batch of cream cheese smeared on crackers, sprinkled with chopped herbs or arugula. (So easy, and looks so fancy.) I love cheese balls, and the addictive deliciousness of roasted spiced nuts and edamame. I included a few more substantial things, too, in case you want a party of finger foods to stretch through dinner time. A few flatbreads can be made up ahead of time and recrisped in the oven. And even if you're serving birthday cake, don't forget about the sweets — little caramels or brownies, or even some roasted figs, can be a nice way to end an evening.
So, without further ado, here are 25 recipes to help you host a grown-up birthday party for just about anyone.
• 1 Lemon-Thyme Bruschetta - Slices of baguette spread with ricotta and lemon zest. Really couldn't be easier.
• 2 Fava Bean and Radish Bruschetta - Hello, spring!
• 3 Cream Cheese and Arugula Toast Bites - These things come together in a flash.
• 4 Fresh Mozzarella Toasts with Spicy Herb Oil - Plenty of fresh summer flavor.
• 5 How To Make Prosciutto Rosettes - Curls of meat to accompany a cheese tray.
• 6 Prosciutto-Wrapped Arugula - Such a simple, fresh appetizer — love this.
• 7 Stuffed Sweet Piquante Peppers - Meat and cheese in a bright, sweet pepper.
• 8 A Trio Of Cheese Balls - Cheese balls are so retro, and so back in these days. Make one (or all three) of these and watch your guests huddle round.
• 9 Roasted Edamame with Sea Salt and Cracked Pepper - Simple, quick, and addictive.
• 10 Ina Garten's Chipotle and Rosemary Spiced Nuts - People go crazy for these.
• 11 Cheddar Olives - A Southern classic.
• 12 Cheesy Spicy Popcorn - Toasty, cheesy, and salty.
• 13 Spinach and Artichoke Dip - Can't go wrong with a classic.
• 14 A Salty, Savory, Sexy, Scrumptious, Smooth and Spreadable Vegan Dip! - Yeah, what it says.
• 15 Zucchini, Mint and Yogurt Spread - Fresh and unexpected.
• 16 Kalamata Olive Tapenade with Shallots - All you need are a few pantry ingredients, and a quick blitz in the food processor.
• 17 Cipollini and Mushroom Tart - People go crazy for small bites of this stuff.
• 18 Smoky Deviled Eggs with Greek Yogurt - Never underestimate the power of a deviled egg.
• 19 Leek, Ricotta, and Lemon Flatbread - Little wedges of this are more substantial than a lot of party food, and have a refreshingly bright taste.
• 20 How To Make Pretzel Bites Fit For A Crowd - Homemade pretzel bites? Oh yeah!
• 21 Ortine's Mediterranean Platter - A whole platter of good appetizers.
• 22 Stuffed Figs with Honey-Balsamic Syrup - Sweet and rich.
• 23 Juno's Pregnant Dates - Bacon-wrapped dates. Sweet AND salty.
• 24 DIY Salt Caramels - Scatter a few homemade caramels in among the salty stuff.
• 25 Extra-Dark Brownies with Sea Salt and Lime - A bite of dark brownie is just the right ending to a party of little nibbles.
OK your turn! What are your favorite small bites and nibbles to make for a party?
(Images: See linked recipes for full image credits)


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The Innovative Housing Demonstration Program expired on August 23, 2013.
The ordinance provided for a limited number of innovative demonstration projects, such as cottages, small-lot single-family homes, and duplexes. In return for the ability to build at higher densities and have some flexibility in setback and lot coverage regulations, homebuilders are required to provide superb residential design compatible with the existing neighborhood, may utilize green development solutions, and are strongly encouraged to provide an affordability component.
Residents, home developers, and the entire community can learn more about Redmond's Innovative Housing program by browsing this set of pages using the links at the top of this page.
In June 2009, Robert Gunther submitted a proposal in the Idylwood neighborhood west of Idylwood Park at 17259 N.E. 36th Street. The project consists of seven detached homes, along with two accessory dwelling units over garages. On July 13, 2009, the applicant hosted a neighborhood meeting. A revised site plan was submitted by the applicant on October 9, 2009. On March 31, 2010 the applicant informed the City that he was withdrawing the application for the Idylwood Innovative Housing proposal. Please visit the Review Panel's webpage for more information.
In September 2008, YS Development/Rosehill Heights Development submitted a nine-home proposal located in the Grass Lawn neighborhood. On January 12, 2009 the Innovative Housing Review Panel voted to allow the applicant to continue with the technical review process for this proposal, with conditions. The conditions relate to perimeter setbacks, orientation of below-grade parking, housing affordability, and home size. The Review Panel approved its written report on February 5, 2009. The report and notice of decision are posted on the Innovative Housing Review Panel's page. Please visit the Review Panel's webpage for more information.
The proposed Bear Creek Cottages, submitted for review in summer 2007, would consist of 12 attached single-family homes and two accessory dwelling units. The proposal is located at 10007 Avondale Road in the Education Hill neighborhood. The Innovative Housing Review Panel evaluated the project at a public meeting on January 14, 2008. The Panel authorized the applicant to submit an application for a preliminary plat. The preliminary plat was approved by the Hearing Examiner in July 2008. Please visit the Review Panel's webpage for more information.
In late 2006, Steve Burnstead Construction submitted a proposal under the Innovative Housing program for twelve homes in the North Redmond neighborhood. The applicant hosted an open house neighborhood meeting on January 22, 2007. On April 30, 2007, the Innovative Housing Review Panel reviewed this proposal, concluding that it meets the goals of the program and should be authorized to submit a subdivision application. The preliminary plat was approved by the Hearing Examiner in July 2008. Please visit the Review Panel's webpage for more information.