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Annual Meeting Coverage
Out and About at ASIST 2002
As 2002 drew to a close, the American Society for Information Science and Technology hosted its Annual Meeting in the cradle of liberty Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The worlds of digital technology and post-9/11 information supremacy were ever-present topics throughout the pre-conferences, the technical seminars and the always popular social events that were often scheduled, but just as often spontaneous. The ASIST cameras roamed the hallways and meeting rooms throughout the week and found these images to represent both the fun and the serious sides of being an information professional in the 2000s.
Additional coverage of the ASIST Annual Meeting can be found throughout this issue of the Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology.
2002 ASIST Award Winners
Each year at the ASIST Annual Meeting, the Society honors the winners of the prestigious ASIST Annual Awards. This years winners received their accolades at the Awards Banquet and at other venues in Philadelphia. Nominated by practitioners and scholars throughout the information field and selected by juries of their peers, dozens of outstanding representatives of the field were cited for the highest levels of contributions in their selected specialties.
Award of Merit
Karen Sparck Jones, with a long, rich and remarkable career in information science, is presented with the 2002 Award of Merit for significant contributions to the field of library and information science. As her nominator noted, "It is remarkable, one might even say moving, that someone who co-authored a paper in one of the great founding collections of our discipline, the Proceedings of the 1958 International Conference on Scientific Information in Washington, DC, should still be an architect of information science more than 40 years later."
Additional coverage of the Award of Merit presentation is included elsewhere in this issue of the Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology.
Watson Davis Award
The 2002 Watson Davis Award, commemorating the founder of the Society and given to members for outstanding continuous contributions and dedicated service to the Society, is presented to Tom Hogan, president of Information Today, Inc., and former ASIST president.
In announcing their selection, the members of the award jury cited numerous specific contributions Hogan has made over the years, including an early effort to add "and Technology" to the Society's name; publication of the Annual Review of Information Science and Technology since 1991 with a commitment to lower the cost for Society members; and publication of the ASIST Proceedings and sales to the Society at close to production cost (allowing considerable savings to both the Society and its members).
Among the comments included in the papers nominating Tom for the award were many like these: he has been "uniquely supportive of ASIST and its endeavors," he "has been very content to serve the Society in a quiet, unassuming way and he has consistently helped to maintain the bridge between theory and practice, between research and application he has been an unacknowledged supporter and backer of ASIST and ARIST for more than a decade.
Research Award
The ASIST Research Award recognizes an individual or organization for outstanding research contributions in the field of information science. For 2002, the Research Award is presented to Carol Tenopir, professor in the School of Information Sciences at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
Dr. Tenopir has a research record spanning nearly 20 years. She is an internationally known researcher with a history of innovative and influential work on databases, online searching, scholarly publishing and other topics central to the interests of ASIST members. Her 1984 dissertation on full-text retrieval won both the ISI/ASIS Dissertation Scholarship Award and the Berner-Nash Award at the University of Illinois. Dr. Tenopir has authored over 260 publications, including four books and her highly-visible column in Library Journal. As one nomination letter said, "The usefulness and value of her extensive research are found in her widely read publications and in her outstanding teaching."
For a lifetime of high-quality research in information science, Carol Tenopir is the 2002 winner of the ASIST Research Award.
ISI Outstanding Information Science Teacher Award
The Outstanding Information Science Teacher Award, sponsored by the Institute of Scientific Information, recognizes an individual who has demonstrated sustained excellence in teaching information science.
This years outstanding teacher is Deborah K. Barreau, professor in the School of Information and Library Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Dr. Barreau has demonstrated solid evidence of sustained excellence in teaching information science, particularly in the use of information systems in work environments. The exploration of information use in context has highly significant and practical implications for todays students, and Dr. Barreau has successfully integrated technology into the classroom to make her students discoveries relevant to todays world. Her class projects, such as configuring a librarys CD-ROM collection, involve practical execution of higher-level information science concepts. Dr. Barreaus students say she is exceptional at presenting complex technical concepts in an environment where students are comfortable, yet challenged. A recent advisee of Dr. Barreaus describes her as able to cater to a wide range of student skills teaching both novice and expert within the same setting.
Dr. Barreaus teaching is backed by significant published research and professional involvement and, thus, she is an excellent recipient of the Outstanding Information Science Teacher Award.
John Wiley & Sons Best JASIST Paper Award
The 2002 Best JASIST Paper Award recognizes the best paper published in the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, evaluated on the basis of professional merit, contributions to the field and presentation quality. The 2002 award is presented to M. Kaszkiel and J. Zobel for Effective Ranking with Arbitrary Passages, volume 52, number 4, pages 344-364, in the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology.
According to the award jury, this paper makes a significant theoretical contribution to natural language retrieval by testing empirically the effectiveness of different kinds of passages (rather than whole documents) in document ranking. The study is empirically rigorous. A variety of proposed techniques are thoroughly analyzed and compared to identify the best approach. The results are extremely useful for the development of information retrieval systems. The paper is clearly written.
Best Information Science Book Award
Beyond Our Control? by Stuart Biegel, MIT Press, publisher, is the winner of the 2002 ASIST Best Information Science Book Award. This book is broad-based in its appeal and applicability. The topic the applicability and limits of existing laws and legal frameworks to the Internet has proven crucial for both professionals and researchers in our time and technological context. This book has great potential to guide future regulatory decisions concerning the Internet, and the discussions provide a clear and solid foundation from which to think about and model responses to such increasingly difficult issues as cyber-terrorism, online fraud and online extremism. It also addresses the issues in an international context, which is vital to situating any truly workable models.
This book is readable as a scholarly work, but is readily comprehensible to a non-expert in the field as well. The discussion is well-organized, well-paced and extremely clear, and its points are argued well and with originality and lucidity. This work is very well-documented and uses sources which seem most appropriate to the topic. Assertions are extensively supported with 70 pages of notes. The book contains an outstanding index which includes legal cases and notes.
James M. Cretsos Leadership Award
The James M. Cretsos Leadership Award recognizes a new ASIST member who has demonstrated outstanding leadership qualities in professional ASIST activities.
Suzanne L. Allard, a doctoral candidate at the University of Kentucky and an ASIST member since 1999, is the winner of the 2002 award. In the relatively short time she has been a part of ASIST, Suzie has made significant contributions to both chapters and SIGs and has achieved a visibility in the society that is rare in new members.
Suzie has played a leadership role in the University of Kentucky student chapter where she has recruited speakers for chapter meetings and provided a program on Communication Skills for New Information Professionals. She has also participated in activities of the Southern Ohio Chapter, including serving as a featured speaker on the topic of digital libraries. Suzie has been a leader in establishing the ASIST SIG/DL (Digital Libraries), serving as chair, moderating the new SIGs listserv and providing content for its Web page. She has also organized and moderated SIG/DL sessions for annual meetings and served as a judge for SIG/IIIs international paper contest. Suzie also has expertise in use of focus groups and she has generously contributed those skills to ASIST by leading focus groups to gather information on societal concerns.
One of the writers supporting Suzies nomination observed that she is enthusiastic, energetic, thoughtful, hard-working, caring and focused. She has a remarkable talent for leadership.
ISI/ASIST Citation Analysis Research Grant
The ISI/ASIST Citation Analysis Research Grant supports research proposals or research underway that is based on citation analysis.
The 2002 ISI/ASIST Citation Analysis Research Grant is awarded to Chaomei Chen, College of Information Science and Technology, Drexel University, for his proposal, "Tracing the Transfer of Knowledge."
In its evaluation of nominations, the jury found that Dr. Chen demonstrates a clear mindset, fine target and a good grasp of the research purposes and objectives. His proposal follows the required research format and asks a set of good research questions. Dr. Chen's proposal clearly describes her research intentions and is well documented. The intention of his research is to provide a set of streamlined analytical and visualization tools to the communities of information science and related disciplines and practitioners in order to stimulate more studies of three currently peripheral areas of knowledge transfer.
His research should facilitate the discovery of knowledge transfer and enable citation analysts to explore citation patterns and trends across heterogeneous sources such as scientific citations, patent citations and funding descriptions. It should help citation analysts to make sense and explain characteristics and trends of knowledge transfer.
ASIST/UMI Doctoral Dissertation Award
The winner of the 2002 ASIST/UMI Doctoral Dissertation Award is Pamela Savage-Knepshield, for her work entitled Mental Models: Issues in Construction, Congruency and Cognition. This dissertation examines how the depth of presentation detail of an information retrieval system conceptual mode influences a naive searchers mental model of the system and retrieval success and satisfaction. The work also examines the effect of repeated use of the system (at a one-week interval) for a different search task. The research contributes to information retrieval systems and cognitive modeling research, theory and practice.
ISI Doctoral Dissertation Proposal Scholarship
The 2002 scholarship is awarded to Joan Bartlett, University of Toronto, for her proposal entitled, "Capturing, Modeling and Utilizing Bioinformatics Expertise."
The process of interrogating and interacting with bioinformatics data is limited to the expert who has both computing and genomics expertise. To date, this process is passed on from expert to expert within labs using, surprisingly, an oral history tradition that is more typically found in storytelling and folklore. Using a task analysis-like technique, Joan Bartlett is capturing and simultaneously unraveling that process in order to decompose it to its most elemental components from which she subsequently is building a parsimonious procedure. The intent behind this process is to reduce the complexity of doing bioinformatics analyses so that genomics data can be exploited by the typical bench scientists who may not have the computing or genomics expertise.
The Pratt-Severn Best Student Research Paper Award recognizes the outstanding work of a current student in a degree-granting program in the information field. Submissions for the award are evaluated by the same rigorous standards as papers submitted to the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology.
The 2002 winning submission is "Representing Oral History: Challenges and Opportunities for Content-Based Retrieval," by Elizabeth Zogby of Drexel University. Ms. Zogby received high marks in technical competence in information science, significance of the findings to information science and originality. Her paper explores the unique challenges that oral history presents to librarians, archivists, indexers and other information professionals concerned with representation. The paper then describes ways in which frameworks provided by the literature of image and audio representation and retrieval research may be useful for this special historical material. The author provides an excellent overview of the types of problems and opportunities that one encounters when working with oral history.
As one reviewer noted, "The author's ability to synthesize creatively from research in such areas as image representation, auditory translations and text-oriented enhancements, all the while without losing focus on the thesis that the 'centrality of the audio recording must be maintained' is illustrative of the importance of creative synthesis for advances in information science generally."
Chapter Awards
For the fourth year in a row, the Los Angeles Chapter of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (LACASIS) received honors as ASISTs Chapter-of-the-Year.
Chapter Member-of-the-Year
Stephen Spohn from the Potomac Valley Chapter is recognized as 2002 Chapter Member-of-the-Year. Stephen has been a force for chapter revitalization, working tirelessly as chapter secretary, as well as in a number of other activities, including events and meeting planning, strengthening ties with the two local student chapters and improving e-mail communication within the chapter. He embodies all the qualities that will ensure the future health and well being of the Potomac Valley Chapter.
Chapter Electronic Publication-of-the-Year
The website www.lacasis.org of the Los Angeles Chapter of the American Society for Information Science and Technology is the 2002 Chapter Electronic Publication-of-the-Year. With an average of 4780 accesses per month, this website is a convenient window-to-the-world of ASIST and other national and international information organizations. It provides members a convenient way to register for events, serves as a tool for identifying and planning schedules for future events and promotes the chapter and the national organization.
Chapter Print Publication-of-the-Year
OASIS, the newsletter of the Los Angeles Chapter of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, is an outstanding source of news and information for a geographically dispersed chapter. As a print publication, it is well designed, with well-written articles and rich content. The newsletter includes local and national news, information on chapter leadership, events, topics of interest, calendar of activities, new member information and much more. Over time, it has come to set the standard of what a chapter newsletter can be.
Chapter Event-of-the-Year
The fall workshop of the Los Angeles Chapter of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, California's Gold - Nuggets on Managing, Accessing, Sharing & Developing Digital Resources, is the 2002 Chapter Event-of-the-Year. Held at Chapman University, this workshop invited participants to learn about the latest technologies being developed for the management of and access to digital resources. With 105 attendees, it attracted people from many different companies and organizations throughout California. All shared an interest in exploring new ideas and applications of information science and technology; all benefited from the opportunity to meet other information specialists; and all experienced a showcase of the extraordinary contributions Californians are making to the field.
Student Chapter-of-the-Year
The Simmons College Student Chapter is the recipient of the 2002 Student Chapter-of-the-Year Award for the third time. In the past year, the chapter increased its membership from 32 to 36. Using a variety of communication media (e.g., fliers to all incoming students, membership information brought to all chapter events, and welcoming messages to new members), the chapter recruited and retained members. The chapter organized workshops, presentations and panels on such topics as XML, Web mastering, taxonomy and alternative careers in information science, each of which introduced members and nonmembers to areas of interest in information science and technology. It also sponsored a presentation at which faculty and student representatives talked about the benefits of their associations.
SIG Awards
SIG-of-the-Year Award
Two ASIST SIGs were awarded SIG-of-the-Year honors for 2002: SIG/International Information Issues (SIG/III) and SIG/Scientific and Technical Information Systems (SIG/STI) .
SIG/III was cited as SIG-of-the-Year for the third year in a row. Among the achievements cited in honoring the SIG this year are excellence in outreach through its website and newsletter/electronic discussion list; participation in governance activities; development of officer positions that meet the needs of the SIG; involvement of the international community through the International Paper Contest and other contests; excellence in fund raising activities, particularly targeted at international participation in ASIST; contributions to the Society through programming at annual meetings, both in scientific presentations and social events; and representation of ASIST at international meetings and conferences.
SIG/STI, a first-time winner of SIG-of-the-Year honors, was cited for such activities as growth in membership; effective use of the sigsti discussion group and the STI website; participation in governance activities; leadership development in identifying and grooming new officers; program development for the members of the SIG and the Society at large; recruitment efforts and activities; encouragement of student participation in SIG activities; and development of and participation in the Tri-Society programs and activities.
SIG Member-of-the-Year
Joette Stefl-Mabry, honored as SIG Member-of-the-Year from SIG/HCI, was cited for creating special sessions at ASIST Annual Meetings. At the 2002 meeting, she and colleagues Barbara Lynch and April Hatcher, organized a Sunday afternoon interactive delphi-on-the-fly session for which she recruited tremendous corporate support. In each of the last two years, her sessions have been both interactive and innovative.
SIG Publication-of-the-Year
The e-mail list of SIG/Information Policy (SIG/IFP) is the 2002 SIG Publication-of-the-Year. The list contains broad policy posts, issued by member Terrence Maxwell, that have recruited a significant number of people to the list. Information about the list is at http://mail.asis.org/mailman/listinfo/sigifp-l
Cutlines for Awards photos pages 5-8
Tom Hogan, right, accepts the ASIST Watson Davis Award from Steve Hardin.
Carol Tenopir receives the 2002 ASIST Research Award from Don Kraft.
Deborah Barreau, left, accepts the Outstanding Information Science Teacher Award from June Lester.
Suzie Allard, right, receives the James M. Cretsos Leadership Award from Allison Brueckner.
Chaomei Chen, left, accepts the Citation Analysis Research Grant from Don Kraft.
Pamela Savage-Knepshield, left, receives the ASIST/UMI Doctoral Dissertation Award from Austin McLean, ProQuest Information and Learning (formerly UMI).
Joan Bartlett receives the ISI Doctoral Dissertation Proposal Scholarship from Don Kraft.
Elizabeth Zogby, left, receives the Pratt-Severn Best Student Research Paper Award from Tula Giannini of Pratt Institute.
Steve Spohn, left, receives the Chapter Member-of-the-Year Award from Doug Kaylor.
Members of the Los Angeles Chapter of ASIST turned out en masse to bask in the glory of the chapters numerous awards for 2002.
Ivana Curcic, president of the Simmons College ASIST Student Chapter, receives the groups award from Heting Chu.
SIG/III members, left to right, Liwen Vaughan, Suzanne Stemler, Yin Zhang, Hong Xu, Sue ONeil Johnson and Gretchen Whitney, accept SIG-of-the-Year honors.
SIG/STI members on hand to accept SIG-of-the-Year honors were, left to right, Jian Qin, Julie Arnold, K.T. Vaughan, Deborah Helman and Molly Moss.
Joette Stefl-Mabry, left, receives the SIG Member-of-the-Year Award from Gretchen Whitney.
Looking to Long Beach
Winter Doldrums? Contemplate Long Beach
Are you exhausted from digging out from under the snow and just plain tired of the chill of a long winter? If you are, ASIST has a solution for you. Think ahead only a few (well, about six) months from now, when the 2003 ASIST Annual Meeting will be held October 20-23, in the beautiful and sunny city of Long Beach, California. Youll be conferencing at the Westin Long Beach, only minutes from the beaches of the blue Pacific Ocean. In fact, your hotel room might have a gorgeous view of the expansive Long Beach Harbor and perhaps the historic Queen Mary. During the month of October, the average daily temperature is a high of 79 degrees, moderated by cool sea breezes, and a balmy 58-degree low. We cant promise clear skies at all times, but the average rainfall for October is a mere 0.40 inches.
Just where is Long Beach? Relative to major airports, it is approximately 20 miles south of Los Angeles Airport, 40 miles from John Wayne Airport in Orange County, but only 9 miles from the Long Beach Airport. Currently, American, America West, Horizon and Jet Blue airlines fly to Long Beach Airport, a most convenient alternative to the bigger, higher-anxiety international airports. Note that Jet Blue now flies non-stop to Long Beach from New York City, Washington, DC, Salt Lake City, Las Vegas and Oakland and provides connecting flights from several cities in New York State.
Long Beach is not just another beach city, by any means. The fifth largest city in California, its flagship attractions include the venerable Queen Mary, which houses a museum, a hotel and restaurants, the state-of-the-art Aquarium of the Pacific, the Museum of Latin American Art and the Long Beach Museum of Art. A revitalized downtown showcases eclectic eateries, distinctive shopping and a vibrant night life offering jazz, blues and rock and roll. For the more athletically inclined, there are extensive walking and biking paths along the fabulous 5½ miles of shoreline, not to mention opportunities for swimming, surfing, sailing, jet skiing, fishing and even deep sea diving! And if you somehow overdose on the warmth of the sun and begin to miss the cold temps of winter, you can catch an Ice Dogs game at the Long Beach Arena. (Yes, Long Beach has its own professional ice hockey team).
If you yearn to visit attractions elsewhere in Southern California, driving distances are quite reasonable. Here are some approximate distances (in miles) from downtown Long Beach to a few popular destinations: Disneyland, 26 miles; Malibu Beach, 36; downtown Los Angeles, 25; Getty Center, 32; UCLA, 30; Hollywood, 32; Huntington Library and Gardens (San Marino), 28. If you prefer not to drive the freeways of Los Angeles, many destinations can be reached by public transportation. For instance, the Blue Line of the Metro Rail system begins just steps from the conference hotel and takes you to downtown Los Angeles. You can then transfer to the Red Line which transports you to many attractions in Hollywood as well as to Universal Studios.
In upcoming issues of the Bulletin, this column will focus on more things to see and do in and around Long Beach. In the meantime, save the dates for ASIST 2003 and get your swimsuit out of storage!
Bo-Gay Tong Salvador is the co-chair of the ASIST Los Angeles Chapter (LACASIS).
News from ASIST Chapters
The Los Angeles Chapter of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (LACASIS) and the Special Libraries Association - Southern California Chapter (SLA-SCC) held a joint holiday meeting in mid-December, featuring Huell Howser, a public television documentary filmmaker.
The East Tennessee Chapter of American Society for Information Science and Technology held a late November meeting in the Information Salon format of socializing and sharing of information-related ideas. The salon featured Cary Staples, an associate professor from University of Tennessees art department and coordinator of the schools DesignCenter. Staples has done extensive design work with multimedia and web interfaces. The discussion centered on a recent paper on the role of information design and the design process (available at www.f-onedesign.com/ChicagoAIGA.pdf)
The ASIST Michigan Chapter held a workshop in December on Distance Education and the Questions of Equivalency," featuring Gary Morrison, professor of instructional technology, Wayne State University, as keynote speaker and a panel of participants from Central Michigan University and Macomb Community College.
The Southern Ohio ASIST Chapter, in conjunction with the LexisNexis Technical Library, presented a speech on The Role of Media Literacy in Auditing Corporate Reputation, by Craig E. Carroll, School of Journalism, University of Texas at Austin. The speech was illustrated with examples from mass communication and organization theory to show how mass media news content shapes perceptions of corporate reputation and how the packaging of news content in large-scale databases contributes to this process.
The Seattle Reading Group of the Pacific Northwest Chapter began the new year in January with a discussion of Content Management. The discussion articles for the session were Losing Sight of the Content in a Content Management System (www.intranetjournal.com/articles/200204/km_04_02_02a.html) and Navigating the Content Management Jungle: A Survival Guide (http://intranetjournal.com/articles/200112/cm_12_19_01a.html).
News about ASIST Members
Three ASIST members are among the four editors of the recently released Implementing Digital Reference Services, published by Neal-Schuman Publishers. The editors include Charles R. McClure, Frances Eppes Professor of Information Studies and director of the Information Institute, and Melissa Gross, assistant professor, both at Florida State University, and Jeffrey Pomerantz, Syracuse University. Digital reference the process of helping patrons find information via e-mail, live chat, interactive video or other electronic means is growing rapidly.
News from an ASIST Institutional Member
School of Information Announced at UT Austin
The Graduate School of Library and Information Science at the University of Texas is changing its name to the School of Information. The new name reflects the broadening of the profession in the 21st century and was selected by the faculty to represent more accurately the diversity of their interests and research.
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Information Science and Technology


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Used 2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Classic Regular Cab Review
Edmunds expert review
Although more up-to-date competitors offer finer cabin detail and greater overall refinement, Chevys Silverado 1500 Classic still has a few key strengths, such as powerful performance, stout underpinnings and a variety of configurations that make it worthy of consideration.
What's new for 2007
Vehicle overview
Although this generation of the Chevy pickup is at the end of its lifespan and adds "Classic" to its name, it doesn't mean that the 2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Classic is completely outdated. A hybrid-electric model debuted in 2005, and the Silverado continues to offer a lot of what full-size-pickup buyers want. Highlights of the outgoing Silverado include a selection of Vortec V8s known for their high output and relative fuel efficiency (provided one has a light throttle foot), the OnStar communications system (that can be used to get directions, make reservations or summon medical help if needed) and a wide variety of cabin amenities.
Compared to the newer offerings from Dodge, Ford, Toyota and Nissan, the 2007 Chevrolet Silverado certainly shows its age and is noticeably lacking in regards to interior design and overall refinement. For the dedicated Chevy buyer who wants a truly competitive truck, waiting for the all-new Silverado might not be a bad idea. Those just desiring a good deal on a pickup, however, will perhaps find the Classic, with its inevitable dealer and factory discounts, a good buy.
Trim levels & features
The 2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Classic comes in three body styles: regular cab, extended cab and crew cab. From here, buyers are typically able to choose from one of five trim levels, including Work Truck, LS, 1LT, 2LT and 3LT. As its name implies, the Work Truck offers minimal luxury (the seats are vinyl, for instance), though dual-zone air-conditioning and an AM/FM radio are both standard. The LS trim upgrades the Silverado with cruise control, a CD player and cloth upholstery. The 1LT adds power windows and locks, an auto-dimming rearview mirror and keyless entry. The 2LT adds bucket seats (with power adjustment for the driver), steering wheel-mounted audio controls and automatic climate control. Going with the 3LT nets you leather seating (with heat and 10-way power adjustment for the front seats), Bose audio with a six-disc CD changer and heated, power-folding/adjusting outside mirrors. Major options, depending on trim and body style, include the OnStar communications system, satellite radio, a sunroof, an off-road package (that provides a heavier-duty suspension and skid plates), a DVD entertainment system and a Limited Edition package that offers a performance suspension, 20-inch wheels, a locking differential and towing preparation.
Performance & mpg
A quintet of engines is offered for the half-ton Silverado: a 4.3-liter V6 (195 horsepower), a 4.8-liter V8 (285 hp), a 5.3-liter V8 (295 hp), a 5.3-liter high-output V8 (310 hp) and a 6.0-liter V8 (345 hp) that comes as part of the optional Vortec Max Package. A five-speed manual transmission is standard on regular cabs with the V6 engine. Optional on that model and standard on all other Silverados is a four-speed automatic. Maximum towing capacities range from 5,100 pounds for a V6 automatic to 10,400 pounds for trucks with the 6.0-liter V8. All models come in two- or four-wheel drive. A "mild" hybrid powertrain option is available on extended cabs with the 5.3-liter. This hybrid system doesn't provide electric motor propulsion, but saves fuel by utilizing an electric power-steering system and by automatically shutting down the engine at stops (and then seamlessly restarting it when it's time to go). A bonus of the hybrid is that it can also provide on-the-job power through four 120-volt AC outlets.
Antilock brakes are standard on all Silverados and traction control is optional. But several state-of-the-art safety features, such as stability control and side curtain airbags, are not available. In crash testing, the Chevrolet Silverado received a rating of "Marginal" (third lowest out of four rankings) in the IIHS' offset crash test, while NHTSA frontal impact testing yielded four stars (out of five) for the driver and three stars for the front passenger.
The Chevy Silverado Classic is comfortable enough to be a daily driver, yet it's still powerful enough to use as a dedicated work truck. Acceleration ranges from adequate to vigorous, depending on which V8 you select, and the automatic transmission shifts with authority. The steering feels vague on center, but it's light and precise enough for easy maneuvering at low speeds. The automatic engine shutdown and startup feature work seamlessly in the hybrid truck. Additionally, the hybrid's electric power steering feels at least as good as the traditional setup.
A clean, simple layout with easy-to-use controls typifies the Silverado's cabin. Materials quality is unimpressive, and build quality, though improved over the years, is still subpar. On the upside, the cabin is roomy, particularly on crew cab models, and comfortable, thanks to plush seats. XM satellite radio is available, as is a DVD entertainment system for those riding in back of crew cab models.
Edmunds expert review process
This review was written by a member of Edmunds' editorial team of expert car reviewers. Our team drives every car you can buy. We put the vehicles through rigorous testing, evaluating how they drive and comparing them in detail to their competitors.
We're also regular people like you, so we pay attention to all the different ways people use their cars every day. We want to know if there's enough room for our families and our weekend gear and whether or not our favorite drink fits in the cupholder. Our editors want to help you make the best decision on a car that fits your life.
related vehicle information
2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Classic Information
- 2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Classic Build and Price TMV®
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- 2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Classic Ownership Costs

subset: commoncrawl


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President Obama is among the most hip leaders the United States has had, so it should have come as no surprise Thursday when he struck the "not impressed" pose with Olympic gymnast McKayla Maroney during a White House visit by the Fierce Five.
Maroney, a silver medalist in the vault this summer, was captured by cameras with a look of disappointment and disapproval during the podium ceremony in London. The image went viral and "McKayla Maroney is not impressed" memes around the world soon followed.
The White House tweeted the photo of Obama with Maroney on Saturday, although many knew to look for it after the gymnast tweeted on Thursday, "Did I just do the Not Impressed face with the President..?''
Obama was the one who suggested they take a photo together, telling Maroney that he flashes the "not impressed" look at least once a day.


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CUNY Baccalaureate offers highly motivated, academically strong students the opportunity to design individualized programs of study (design his/her own Bachelor's degree in CUNY). This degree route is designed for students who have well-formulated academic and career goals and the vision and drive to design their own areas of concentration in collaboration with faculty mentors.
Information Sessions
Information sessions for prospective students cover the program overview, degree requirements and application process. Sessions begin promptly and are approximately one and a half hours long. All sessions are held at The Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue between 34th and 35th Streets in Manhattan. CUNY Baccalaureate accepts applications throughout the year. Students are encouraged to apply as far in advance of the semester for which they are interested in joining the program as possible.


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I have searched for info about the S3X, but most of the reviews/opinions I have found are from its initial release. I was wondering if anyone on this forum has used one for longer than a couple of days, and about your experience with the hub.
Some things that seem consistent:
*It doesn't hold up to aggressive back pedaling (like a skid stop).
*Backlash is about like having half an inch of loose chain.
*It needs fairly regular maintenance to avoid any of the mechanical pitfalls people have had.


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Reactions to the Enclosure of the Information
Commons: 2000-2004
James Campbell
Campbell is affiliated with the department of Spatial Information
Science, University of Maine, and the School of Information Science,
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. He can be reached by email at modmedia
at earthlink.net
the U.S. Constitution, Congress is tasked with granting only one
specific property right: To promote the Progress of Science and
useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors
the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries
(Art. 1, S 8). That grant of right is the basis of what we today
call copyright, in the case of Writings, and patent, in the
case of Discoveries.
review summarizes initiatives underway during the period 2000-2004
that are designed to counteract the perceived limiting effects that
recent developments in copyright law in the United States, coupled
with technological changes, have had on the information commons. The
goal of those initiatives is to restore the balance of rights
between copyright holders and users of copyrighted materials in the
digital age which, in the eyes of the initiative promoters, has been
thrown out of balance by recent changes in law and technology.
brief note on terminology: the term information commons in
this review refers to the imaginary place where works in the
public domain and works affirmatively made available under
conditions less restrictive than full copyright reside. For
the purposes of this report, any references to intellectual
property are also applicable to copyright per
discussion in this review focuses primarily on the situation in the
United States. Where applicable, specific reference to other legal
systems is indicated.
Background and Context
In the United States, copyright is a socially granted right
establishing a bargain between creators and the larger
society. Creators get an exclusive right to exploit the value
of their work in economic terms, and society gets the benefit of
having that work available for everyone to use and build on after
limited times.
Yet since 1976, and particularly in the
past decade, three key elements in U.S. copyright law have, in the
eyes of some, changed that contract:
The necessity for claiming copyright changed from affirmatively
making a claim to affirmatively denying a claim (Copyright Act of
The term of copyright protection changed to life of the author plus
70 years with commensurate extensions for corporately generated
works (Copyright Term Extension Act, 1997 (CTEA)).
The role of government in protecting copyright in a digital
environment changed, for example, through the criminalization of
infringing conduct in the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA).
is insufficient space here to examine these changes in law and
technology in detail. The focus of this report is, therefore, on the
reaction to these changes. However, in the eyes of those who oppose
these changes, they collectively represent a watershed in U.S
copyright history, a situation that James Boyle refers to as the
enclosure of the information commons.
who found this landscape alteration undesirable or unacceptable
began to respond over the past decade and particularly in the past
five years. Dozens of conferences dealing with copyright change, the
public domain and/or the information commons emerged in the wake of
these acts, and they continue to occur. Responses that emerged from
these and other venues took a variety approaches in addressing the
problem of enclosure. We classify the responses for the purposes of
this review as follows and will examine them in turn:
Create competing systems
Legally reinterpret
Philosophize and mobilize
following brief summaries indicate the types of remedies proposed
during the 108th Congress (2003-2004) to offset effects
of the automatic grant of copyright, the extension of copyright term
and government involvement in enforcement of what was formerly
largely a civil matter.
Public Domain Enhancement Act (HR 2601) would have ensured that only
those works whose owners actually assert continuation of their
copyright after 50 years by paying a small registration fee of $1
would have copyright protection beyond that point. While the bill
attracted 13 co-sponsors, it was referred to a subcommittee of the
House Judiciary Committee and never emerged.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), another of the
enclosing laws, has had a number of unintended consequences,
based on the rationale that led to passage of the act. Some
businesses, for example, have attempted to use threats of suits or
prosecution based on Section 1201 of the DMCA to stifle reporting of
shortcomings in their products (e.g., HP and Microsoft) and stifle
competition (e.g., Lexmark). Examples of the DMCA being applied
against businesses and consumers in ways that do nothing to thwart
large scale digital piracy, which was Congresss avowed
intent in passing the DMCA, led to the introduction of several bills
designed to rectify some of the imbalances that the sponsors felt
the DMCA created in favor of copyright owners.
example, the BALANCE Act (HR 1066) was designed to make legal in the
digital realm what has been and remains a set of users
legal rights under copyright law in the paper realm. This proposed
legislation, according to its sponsors, simply makes traditional
fair use and first sale rights available in the digital domain and
would allow a user who has lawfully obtained a copy of a digital
work to defeat Digital Rights Management (DRM) restrictions that
interferes with exercising those rights. The bill, in plain
language, got nowhere in the 108th Congress.
effort, the Consumers, Schools and Libraries Digital Rights
Management Awareness Act of 2003 (S. 1621), introduced by Senator
Sam Brownback of Kansas, was a very ambitious bill. It had three
goals: prevent the FCC from mandating that manufacturers build DRM
detection technology into digital hardware such as computers and
audio and video recorders; prohibit the sale of any such equipment
without warning labels indicating how the technology could restrict
consumer use of the product; and prohibit Internet service providers
(ISPs) from being compelled to make available to a manufacturer
of a digital media product the identity or personal information of a
subscriber or user of its service for use in enforcing the
manufacturer's right relating to the use of such product. (S.
1621) The bill drew no co-sponsors. It was read and sent to the
Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, where it
of the provisions of this bill addressed what was seen at the time
(September 2003) as a serious potential or actual problem limiting
the exercise of traditional consumer rights or traditional practices
of copyright law, and subsequent events have proved that assessment
to be accurate: that is to say, all of what S. 1621 identified as
potential problems in the bill have occurred.
the first instance, the FCC has, in fact, mandated that a
broadcast flag be built into any hardware device capable of
receiving a digital broadcast signal (currently on hold as court
challenges proceed).
the second provision of Brownbacks proposed act would have
prohibited anyone from selling hardware that contained built in DRM
circuitry, others in Congress had exactly the opposite idea, and a
number of bills mandating DRM hardware detection capability were
introduced, attracted co-sponsors and garnered hearings. While none
of these bills became law in the 108th Congress, they did
have the effect of forcing copyright owners and hardware
manufacturers to enter into discussions of how to voluntarily
implement DRM on the hardware level.
third provision of S. 1621 would have nullified the practice of
copyright owners obtaining an administrative order signed by a court
clerk with no judicial review that compelled ISPs to identify
customers who were identified by a copyright owner only through an
IP address and alleged by the owner to be copyright infringers.
short, in the United States, no legislative initiatives to
ameliorate the effects on users of recent changes in law and in
technology as they affect access to information have had any success
as of the end of the 108th Congress.
While some were pursuing legislative
remedies, others felt that recent changes in copyright law violated
the spirit and letter of the U.S. Constitution. They mounted legal
challenges to provisions of both the CTEA and to the Copyright Act
of 1976, which made copyright protection automatic.
Eldred v. Ashcroft, plaintiffs claimed in the suit that the
CTEA was unconstitutional (1) because it violated the limited
times clause in the Constitution and (2) because it constrained
free speech. The case went all the way to the Supreme Court, where
it lost by a 7-2 vote.
those who sought to have the CTEA declared unconstitutional failed
to achieve that goal, others felt that elements of the Eldred
decision strengthened the case for asserting that a combination of
recent changes in copyright law did, in aggregate, affect the
traditional contour of copyright for a certain class of works
and, therefore, that these laws essentially created a situation
which required further first amendment scrutiny. (Eldred v. Ashcroft, 2003 U.S. LEXIS 751 (2003))
is the approach taken by plaintiffs in Kahle v. Ashcroft. A
federal district court has dismissed the Kahle suit on a motion by
the federal government, which is defending the suit. Plaintiffs and
the legal team representing them have appealed to the Ninth Circuit
Court of Appeals.
A third suit, Golan v. Ashcroft, addresses the extension of
copyright term as well as first amendment issues from another
perspective. It focuses on another enclosing copyright issue
restoring copyright protections for works, in this case foreign
works that had already entered the public domain. The suit has not
yet been heard.
All of these suits are attempts to reverse or minimize what the
plaintiffs view as damage to, and enclosing of, the public domain,
in particular, and the information commons, in general. Like the
legislative initiatives mentioned above, none of these litigation
efforts have succeeded thus far, and prospects for relief through
Congress or the courts is, at the moment, not bright.
the absence of legislative or legal remedies, some have sought to
leverage existing copyright law to realize goals of more open access
to information that legislative proposals and lawsuits have not so
far been able to accomplish.
response encourages creators to forego some rights available under
copyright law while retaining others. The desired effect is to widen
the amount of material available in the information commons, if not
in the public domain per se.
is ample precedent for this tactic. Free/Libre and Open Source
Software (FLOSS) has used the GNU General Public License (GPL) or
some variant for almost two decades. This class of licenses uses
copyright law to license the use of copyrighted works on much less
restrictive terms than exist under normal copyright conditions.
Creators use the GPL and its many derivatives and variants mostly in
licensing FLOSS. However, similar licensing approaches can also
apply to other types of copyrighted works such as text, music,
photographs or motion pictures.
Commons. Several of those
who had been involved in the litigation efforts described above
decided that, while it was necessary to continue to challenge in
court the validity of laws limiting access rights, something needed
to be done at once to create alternatives to the closing off of the
commons they felt was underway, and the Creative Commons was born.
Creative Commons extends and broadens the some rights reserved
approach of the GPL to licenses that creators can apply to a wide
variety of works. The same digital technology that has made it
possible for copyright owners to impose restrictive license on works
in digital form also allows copyright owners to offer much less
restrictive licenses that users do not have to seek prior permission
to use as long as users adhere to the conditions set out in the
license. Typically, those conditions are much more liberal than
those that obtain under copyright law per se. In practice, a
creator indicates that his or her work is licensed under a Creative
Commons license and provides a link to the Creative Commons website
where the specifics of the license are laid out for any potential
user to view. As long as the user conforms to those conditions of
use, there is no need to track down the copyright owner and obtain
specific permission to use the work.
these Creative Commons licenses do expand access to information in a
commons spirit, the works are licensed under copyright and the
licenses chosen draw their force and enforceability from copyright
law. None of these commons licenses has yet had its validity tested
in court.
creators are uncomfortable with having their work remain under
copyright for 70 years after their deaths. For these creators, the
Creative Commons also offers a Founders Copyright option.
This option limits a creators claim to copyright to 14 years, the
original grant of copyright in the United States, after which time
the work enters the public domain. Creators may also choose to
simply affirmatively donate their copyright to the public domain
immediately, and Creative Commons provides a mechanism for doing
that as well.
the few years since Creative Commons licenses have been available,
creators have applied Creative Commons licenses to almost 14 million
works, and the rate of use has been growing steadily. While Creative
Commons supporters do not pretend that this is more than a small
percentage of created works on the Internet, they do assert that it
is important to have a legal channel available for those who wish to
contribute to the expansion of the information commons, even if not
to the public domain itself.
Create Competing
Alternative licensing schemes, such as those employed by
Creative Commons or the Open Source software movement, do create a
mildly competing economic model to traditional markets in
copyrighted material. Creators under these alternative licensing
systems do not generally attempt to capture all of the value of
their work but choose instead to reserve only some value for themselves.
Open access publishing initiatives go even further and actually
create an alternative model of academic publishing that competes
directly in the market for academic scholarship.
While there are over 24,000 scientific journals currently published
by 2000+ publishers, fewer than half a dozen large publishers own or
control the distribution of a large majority of those journals,
including a majority of those most intellectually important. These
large publishers are in a quasi-monopolistic position and have been
raising prices far in excess of increases in the rate of inflation
for nearly two decades. During the past decade, publishers also have
increasingly migrated their publications to digital form, in many
cases abandoning paper publishing altogether.
Once their products are in digital form, publishers are in a
position to impose technologically enforceable licensing controls,
and most have done so. One result of this technologically
enforceable quasi-monopolistic position is entirely predictable
under capitalistic economic theory. Publishers, unfettered by
competition, have bundled many titles into packages in a take it
or leave it fashion and have unilaterally set price points to
maximize profits. The strategy has worked: some in the industry are
reportedly realizing profit margins approaching 40%.
this environment, libraries and librarians began to react, as did a
host of non-governmental and professional organizations. One of the
clearest statements of their view of the recent situation with
respect to academic publishing is included in this description of
the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC):
Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition is an alliance of
academic and research libraries and organizations working to correct
market dysfunctions in the scholarly publishing system
strategies expand competition and support open access to address the
high and rising cost of scholarly journals, especially in science,
technology and medicine a trend which inhibits the advancement
of scholarship.
as well as many other organizations, encourages the development of
open access journals, publications that make their articles
available at no cost to users and that typically allow users at the
very least to make copies in digital form and often confer a wider
set of usage rights. Those efforts have had some notable success.
For example, the Directory of Open Access Journals website (www.doaj.org) lists over
1600 open access journals containing over 62,000 searchable and
downloadable articles. In addition, funders such as the U.S.
National Institutes of Health and the Welcome Trust in the United
Kingdom are calling for research conducted through their funding to
be openly available after some limited hold back period.
are many important obstacles for open access publishing to overcome
to be a full-fledged market alternative to commercial publishing,
including building sustainable economic models and changing the
culture of academia to value open access and traditional publication
credits equally when considering tenure and promotions. Nonetheless,
open access scholarly publishing is already having an effect on the
marketplace and, through market mechanisms, has already begun to
expand the information commons.
Legally Reinterpret
Underlying any legal statute concerning intellectual
property, and thus copyright, is a set of assumptions about what
property actually is. Laws such as the DMCA have emerged
because forms of property have changed in the digital age, while the
conceptualization of the nature of property has not. Consumption,
excludability, costs of replication and other characteristics of
physical property do not seem to apply in the same way to
intellectual property as to physical property, yet recent
legislation and court decisions assume they do.
the last two decades, and particularly in the past decade, some
scholars have argued that intellectual property and physical
property such as land are not the same thing and that, in fact, the
set of assumptions underlying laws governing intellectual property
in a digital environment should not be based on the analogy of
physical property but rather on some other model more reflective of
the nature of intellectual property itself. Robert Heverly observes
the following:
think of information as property; law and economic structures, we
argue, make it so. But this should not be the end of our inquiry. If
we believe information is property, we must ask: What kind
of property is information?
theorists have approached an answer to this question in a variety of
ways. Heverly, for example, concludes that information is not a
private property regime: it is a semicommons which, in his
analysis, reflects the dynamic relationship and interdependence
of private and common property interests.
Lipton asserts that there is nothing wrong with viewing information
as property in the traditional sense, as long as property rights and
obligations are viewed in a holistic manner. Problems arise when
there is an imbalance in the rights and obligations of property
owners the problem can be re-cast in terms of the
absolutism of information property rights. Lipton argues
that even physical property rights are not absolute and neither
should information property rights be. Where a government has created, or supported the creation of,
private rights in information, it should be prepared to create and
support concurrent public duties.
Lipton shares a conclusion, if not the process of arriving at that
conclusion, with Mark Lemley. He
quotes with approval the view of the Supreme Court of Canada in Compo Co. Ltd. V. Blue Crest Music Inc.:
law is neither tort law nor property law in classification, but is
statutory law. It neither cuts across existing rights in property or
conduct nor falls in between rights and obligations heretofore
existing in the common law. Copyright legislation simply creates
rights and obligations upon the terms and in the circumstances set
out in the statute.
In short,
Lemley argues that intellectual property is sui
generis and needs to be envisioned as such when crafting
legislation to define appropriate economic rights, characteristics
and obligations rather than to use terms of inapposite economic
analysis borrowed from the very different case of land.
While these efforts to recast the discussion of the nature of
intellectual property may be fruitful over the long run, they are
having little impact on the enclosure of the information commons at
and Mobilize
The various reactions to the perceived enclosure of the
commons summarized above come at the problem from different angles.
While they share underlying concerns, they focus on different areas
and utilize different approaches to preserving or enlarging the
information commons. Like the old story of the six blind men feeling
an elephant, each type of reaction focuses on a different
description of what is, in reality, a single phenomenon.
Boyle is one who champions the view that all of these efforts are
responding to a single underlying phenomenon and should be
considered part of a larger conceptual movement. His description of
the enclosure of the commons has helped to provide a
rudimentary common terminology for those concerned about this
reduction in access to information. However, Boyle asserts that
there needs to be a far greater raising of consciousness in a much
wider segment of the population if efforts to preserve and expand
the information commons are to succeed over time. If responses to
the second enclosure movement continue to appear as a set of
discrete responses to a set of separate problems, he argues, the
public domain will disappear first in concept, and then,
increasingly, as a reality. In his view, the solution is both a
philosophical and a political one use language to invent
reality and thereby change the nature of the discussion about
intellectual property and the public domain and then create a
political movement based on that new identity.
looks to the environmental movement for an analogy. In 1997, he
asserted that it seems to me that, in a number of respects, we
are at the stage that the American environmental movement was at in
the 1950s or 1960s. In 2003, he added the following:
The idea of the public domain takes to a higher level of
abstraction a set of individual fights over this chunk of the
genome, that aspect of computer programs, this claim about the
meaning of parody or the ownership of facts. Just as the duck hunter
finds common cause with the bird-watcher and the salmon geneticist
by coming to think about the environment, so an emergent
concept of the public domain could tie together the interests of
groups currently engaged in individual struggles with no sense of
the larger context.
Boyles analysis may turn out to be accurate, at present, the
information commons equivalent to Silent Spring has yet to be written; the commons analog to the earth
flag has yet to be designed; and the information commons movement
has yet to take its place in the mainstream of political discourse.
Instead, efforts to guarantee access to the information commons in
the face of recent changes in law and technology continue to proceed
through the different approaches outlined in this report: legislate,
litigate, limit, create competing systems, legally reinterpret, and
philosophize and mobilize. We still await the unifying framework
that could place the intellectual environment of the information
commons on a par with the physical environmental movement in matters
of public debate and policy.
This paper was one of the successful entries in the NEASIST 2005
Travel Grant Competition.
Further Reading
Boyle, J.
(1997). A politics of intellectual property: Environmentalism for
the Net?" Duke Law
Journal, 47, 87116.
Boyle, J.
(2003). The second enclosure movement and the construction of the
public commons. Law and
Contemporary Problems, 66,
Heverly, R. A.
(2003). The information semicommons. Berkeley
Technology Law Journal, 18,
Kranich, N.
(2004). The information
commons: A public policy report. Available August 14, 2005, at www.fepproject.org/policyreports/infocommons.preview.html.
Lemley, M.
(2004, August). Property,
intellectual property, and free riding. [Working Paper No. 291,
John M. Olin Program in Law and Economics, Stanford Law School.]
Available August 14, 2005, at http://ssrn.com/abstract=582602.
Lipton, J.
(2004). Information property: Rights and responsibilities. Florida Law Review, 56,
(1), 140.
St. Laurent, A. M. (2004). Understanding open source & free software licensing. Cambridge, MA: O'Reilly.
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Information Science and Technology


text:
New Cars
New Volkswagen Cars
Volkswagen's sales have surged in the last few years thanks to several all-new models and more competitive pricing. Read on to learn more about all of the new VW cars and SUVs, as well as updates to existing models.
2013 Volkswagen Beetle
The recently redesigned Beetle offers two new versions for 2013. A new soft-top convertible variant bows for the new model year, while a more efficient diesel-powered TDI model also joins the lineup. A new trim level, the Beetle Fender Edition, comes with navigation and a premium Fender sound system.
2013 Volkswagen CC
The midsize CC sedan offers revised front and rear styling for the 2013 model year. A new bench seat in back offers room for three passengers, replacing the old split backseat that could only carry two. There's also a sporty new R-Line trim level for 2013.
2013 Volkswagen Eos
A new Sport trim level includes 18-inch alloy wheels, a lowered sport suspension, rear spoiler and high-intensity headlights. The sport suspension is now standard on the Eos Lux, while the Eos Executive gains a standard backup camera.
2013 Volkswagen Golf
Four-door models with the 2.5-liter engine gain an automatic transmission as standard equipment. The 2013 Golf also gets standard floor mats and a center armrest.
2013 Volkswagen GTI
There are no changes to the sporty GTI for the 2013 model year.
2013 Volkswagen Jetta
While updates to the 2013 Jetta mainly include minor details like a standard center armrest and power reclining front seats on SE models, the new model year also marks the debut of a new version. The fuel-efficient Jetta Hybrid pairs a 4-cylinder gas engine to an electric motor for up to 45 mpg in combined city and highway driving.
2013 Volkswagen Passat
After last year's redesign, the midsize Passat receives minimal changes for 2013. Updates include rear air vents on all models except the base-level Passat S and a standard backup camera on the Passat SEL.
2013 Volkswagen Routan
The Routan minivan, which shares its platform with the Dodge Caravan and Chrysler Town & Country, is unchanged for 2013.
2013 Volkswagen Tiguan
Changes to Volkswagen's compact Tiguan crossover include a new electronic parking brake and a new leather-wrapped multi-function steering wheel. The upscale Tiguan SEL also adds a standard backup camera for 2013.
2013 Volkswagen Touareg
In addition to several minor changes, like LED taillights for the Touareg Hybrid, VW's larger SUV adds 15 horsepower to its V6-powered diesel model for a total of 240.


text:
Used 2008 Nissan Sentra Review
Edmunds expert review
With its exceptional passenger room, the 2008 Nissan Sentra is a reasonable choice for buyers in need of an economy sedan that doesn't feel compact. Just don't expect much in the way of driving excitement, even on the SE-R models.
What's new for 2008
Vehicle overview
No longer does owning an economy sedan mean you'll be holding your breath or retracting limbs as you wedge yourself into a pint-size compact. On the contrary, many of these cars are now sized to accommodate 6-foot adults in any of their seats, and the 2008 Nissan Sentra in particular meets the EPA's "midsize car" classification. If you're tall but need a car that's affordable, this is very good news.
The Sentra's size is a product of its tall hatchback underpinnings -- its platform is derived from the Megane, a family-oriented, European-market hatch engineered by Nissan's partner Renault. In most other respects, the French connection is scarcely apparent, as the Sentra is styled to look like a miniature Maxima on the outside and employs Nissan's familiar industrial aesthetic on the inside. Not everyone will find this approach to cabin design attractive, but it's certainly functional. All the controls are exactly where you'd expect them to be and storage areas are abundant in number and variety.
Another advantage to the Nissan Sentra is its variety of engines. The base 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine provides 140 horsepower and a livable compromise between performance and economy when paired with the continuously variable transmission (CVT) that Nissan offers in lieu of a conventional automatic. Those seeking a little more speed can choose either the medium-hot Sentra SE-R, which has a 177-hp 2.5-liter four-cylinder, or the truly hot Sentra SE-R Spec V with its higher-revving, 200-horse version of that engine.
If speed on the cheap is what you're after, the Spec V is an impressive deal given its under-$21K price tag and 6.7-second 0-60-mph time. Handling is another matter, though. Although the SE-R models have more aggressive running gear than the lower trims, their non-independent rear suspension design and tall, blocky dimensions make them less adept through the corners than competitors like the Honda Civic Si, Mazdaspeed 3, Subaru WRX and Volkswagen GLI.
Ride quality is an issue on all Nissan Sentras, as even the softer-tuned 2.0 models are unable to shield occupants from bumps and ruts the way most economy sedans can. Accordingly, we'd advise prospective Sentra buyers to try the Hyundai Elantra, which offers comparable interior room and a more compliant ride. Other good options include the Civic, Mazda 3, Mitsubishi Lancer and, for those with slightly higher spending limits, Volkswagen's Jetta. These cars aren't quite as roomy, but all offer a superior ride/handling balance and, in many cases, higher-quality cabin furnishings. That's not to say you wouldn't be happy with a 2008 Nissan Sentra, as it's a competent car in most respects. However, with so many qualified small sedans in this price range, consumers should shop around until they find a car that meets their needs exactly.
Trim levels & features
Offered in sedan form only, the 2008 Nissan Sentra comes in five trim levels: 2.0, 2.0 S, 2.0 SL, SE-R and SE-R Spec V. The base 2.0 trim includes 15-inch steel wheels, a split-folding rear seat, air-conditioning, a CD stereo with an auxiliary audio jack, and power windows and locks, but isn't eligible for many options. Most buyers will prefer the midrange Sentra 2.0 S, which adds 16-inch steel wheels, a height-adjustable driver seat, keyless entry, cruise control, power mirrors, steering-wheel-mounted audio controls and a trip computer. Step up to the 2.0 SL and you get alloy wheels, leather upholstery, a leather-wrapped steering wheel, keyless start, satellite radio, Bluetooth and an overhead CD storage container. Many of the SL's features are optional on the S. Options on both include a sunroof, a Rockford Fosgate sound system, a spoiler and a trunk divider.
The Sentra SE-R offers most of the SL's conveniences, but keyless start, satellite radio and steering-wheel audio controls move to the options list. Additional equipment on the standard SE-R includes 17-inch alloy wheels, firmer suspension tuning, larger brakes, a lower body kit, cloth-upholstered sport seats, aluminum-trimmed pedals, and oil pressure and G-force gauges. The SE-R Spec V supplies summer tires, an even firmer and lowered suspension, even larger front brakes and additional interior enhancements. Note that the Spec V has a rear reinforcement brace that prevents the rear seats from folding. The sunroof and Rockford Fosgate stereo are optional on both SE-R models. Only the standard SE-R is eligible for keyless start, and only the Spec V can be fitted with a limited-slip front differential.
Performance & mpg
All Nissan Sentra 2.0 models are motivated by a 2.0-liter inline four-cylinder engine good for 140 hp and 147 pound-feet of torque. A CVT driving the front wheels is standard on base 2.0 and 2.0 SL models, while S buyers can get either the CVT or a six-speed manual gearbox. The EPA rates fuel economy at 25 mpg city/33 mpg highway with the CVT and 24/31 with the manual.
The CVT is also standard on the SE-R, which has a 2.5-liter four-cylinder good for 177 hp and 172 lb-ft of torque. More hardcore in personality, the SE-R Spec V gets a high-output version of this engine capable of 200 hp and 180 lb-ft of torque. The Spec V's motor also has a higher redline (7,000 rpm versus the standard SE-R's 6,200), and can only be matched to a six-speed manual with it. The Nissan Sentra SE-R Spec V gets to 60 mph in 6.7 seconds.
Front-seat side airbags and full-length head curtain airbags are standard on every 2008 Nissan Sentra. Antilock brakes are standard on all except the base 2.0 model, which has ABS as an option. The SE-R models have four-wheel disc brakes, but other Sentras still have rear drums.
The Nissan Sentra earned a perfect five stars in government-administered frontal-impact crash tests. It earned five stars for front-occupant protection in side impacts and four stars for the rear.
Handling is adequate but uninspiring in the Nissan Sentra. The car's electric power steering is well weighted, but there isn't much road feel. The SE-R models, particularly the Spec V, fare better in this regard and can be driven quite hard on curvy roads. Compared to similarly priced peers, though, the Spec V feels ungainly and fails to involve its driver as closely as a true sport compact should. Still, the SE-R models offer plenty of power. The Spec V is particularly entertaining, as its engine combines a generous amount of low-end torque with a free-revving personality. Unfortunately, the manual gearbox is awkward and unsatisfying to shift.
In 2.0 form, the 2008 Nissan Sentra is a decent performer. The base engine is reasonably smooth, with adequate power for easy highway driving, though the CVT allows it to drone on at high rpm more than a conventional automatic would. Ride quality is fine on smooth blacktop, but limited suspension travel results in considerable harshness over bumps. The firmly tuned Spec V can get downright uncomfortable during commutes.
The Nissan Sentra's cabin offers a modern design, well-organized controls and generally agreeable materials quality. Both SE-R models have black seat cloth with red stitching, but red front seatbelts are exclusive Spec V fixings. Seating is spacious, with ample room for tall adults to get comfortable in both the front and rear. The downside is that the Sentra's driving position can be awkward for those under 6 feet tall: The steering wheel doesn't telescope, and the dash and door panels feel unnaturally high. Storage space is abundant in the Sentra, and luggage capacity is a respectable 13.1 cubic feet.
Edmunds expert review process
This review was written by a member of Edmunds' editorial team of expert car reviewers. Our team drives every car you can buy. We put the vehicles through rigorous testing, evaluating how they drive and comparing them in detail to their competitors.
We're also regular people like you, so we pay attention to all the different ways people use their cars every day. We want to know if there's enough room for our families and our weekend gear and whether or not our favorite drink fits in the cupholder. Our editors want to help you make the best decision on a car that fits your life.
related vehicle information
2008 Nissan Sentra Information
- 2008 Nissan Sentra Build and Price TMV®
- 2008 Nissan Sentra Incentives & Rebates
- 2008 Nissan Sentra Consumer Discussions
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Homeless dogs embark from Kauai to Oakland
Animal rescue Dogs embark from jammed Kauai shelter to East Bay SPCA
Visitors to Hawaii can now bring back a lei, a tan ... and an Airedale.
The Kauai Humane Society is awash with Airedales and other hunting dogs that need new homes, and is seeking vacationing Bay Area residents to bring back a pooch or two on their next trip.
Through a deal with Alaska Airlines and the East Bay SPCA, the dogs can accompany a returning tourist and go straight to the SPCA for adoption.
So far, it's been a howling success. Of the 12 dogs that have relocated from the island since December, when the program started, nine have been adopted.
The main reason for their popularity: They're not pit bulls or Chihuahuas, SPCA staff said.
"We have a bazillion brown Chihuahuas. This gives us a little variety," said Allison Lindquist, East Bay SPCA director. "They're something different. They're a hoot."
Most of the dogs crowding the Kauai shelter are bred for hunting wild pigs, which have proliferated in Hawaii. But once the dogs' hunting days are over, they tend to end up as strays, said Brandy Varvel, operations manager at the Kauai shelter.
The dogs are mostly Airedale, whippet and hound mixes, relatively rare breeds on this side of the Pacific.
Pauley is a good example. The spunky 5-month-old has gravity-defying ears, a spotted black nose and a happy-go-lucky, mellow disposition not often seen among the pit bull and Chihuahua populations.
Pauley and his island compadres, Sukey and Copper, were bounding on the grass recently at the SPCA in Oakland, ready to play with anyone who stopped by.
"We are extremely grateful to the SPCA and volunteers who help with this," said Varvel. "Every transfer saves a life."
The program came about when Varvel moved from Santa Cruz to take the Kauai job about six months ago. She was astonished at the number of dogs at the shelter: more than 90 on an island with only 60,000 people.
By comparison, Oakland, with 400,000 people, has only 60 or so dogs at the city shelter.
"Dogs are different here," Varvel said, noting that it's not uncommon for one person to surrender 15 dogs. "My first week on the job, I couldn't believe it."
Varvel's shelter is the only such facility on the island, and Hawaii's other shelters are equally packed.
So, in an effort to keep healthy, adoptable dogs from being euthanized, she stayed up late nights e-mailing mainland shelters pleading for help.
The East Bay SPCA and a shelter in Portland, Ore., responded, and the Airedale airlift began.
Alaska Airlines, which flies nonstop from Kauai to Oakland, agreed to transport the dogs for $100 if they're accompanied by a human. The Kauai shelter pays the $100 and provides the dog crate, as well as the necessary medical papers.
Volunteers on both ends handle the logistics. After a day or two to acclimate to the mainland, the dogs are ready for adoption.
The SPCA has its own crowding issues but not nearly as severe as those in Kauai, Lindquist said.
Overall, the island pups are a welcome addition to the shelter menagerie, staff said.
"It seemed like such an innovative solution, and they do all the prep work," said James Pumphrey, SPCA operations manager. "How could we say no?"
See more photos online at www.sfgate.com.
Carolyn Jones is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Latest content added for Digital Library Partner: UNT College of Visual Arts and Designhttps://digital.library.unt.edu/explore/partners/UNTCVA/browse/?fq=str_location_county:Lamar+County,+TX&fq=untl_collection:TXFC&fq=str_location_country:United+States&display=list2011-07-25T17:53:57-05:00UNT LibrariesThis is a custom feed for browsing Digital Library Partner: UNT College of Visual Arts and DesignShoes2011-07-25T17:53:57-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc39025/

Pair of lady's boots or "High Button Shoes" of dark brown leather. The shoes, designed with pointed toes, lace closed along center front with laces 16 holes high. Embellished at toe with cut steel beads forming interlacing bands and lines. Medium height heels styled as a modified boulevard or Louis heel, with rounded sides and back, tapering to center and then flaring out again at base, and with curved front section. Sole of black leather. Lined in black leather and off-white fabric. Retailer's(?) stamp inside, partly illegible: "Famous / Paris, Tex." Hand-written notation on lining: "38-1 80364" Sold by Famous Shoe Store, Paris Texas (est. 1891). Worn by Kennie Holt Rucker in 1917-1918. Donated by Mary Helen Rucker to the Historical Collection (North Texas State University,Denton, Tex.). Transferred to the Texas Fashion Collection.


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Jean Altomari
Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, New Jersey
Judy Barth
Select Specialty Hospital-North Knoxville, Tennessee
Nell Jenkins
Select Specialty Hospital-Augusta, Georgia
Select Rehabilitation Hospital of Denton offers you a new direction in medical rehabilitation. At our 44-bed, state-of-the-science hospital, we provide unparalleled treatment to individuals with stroke, brain injury, spinal cord injury, amputation, neurological conditions, joint replacement and other orthopedic trauma, as well as general rehabilitation needs. Here, patients work with an experienced team of rehabilitation professionals who are committed to excellence. Together they provide the specialized care, advanced treatment and leading-edge technologies to help each patient recover the strength, skills, confidence and independence to return home -- to family, to friends and to work, school or community activities. Select Medical is a recognized leader in medical rehabilitation. We combine clinical expertise and national experience with the convenience and comfort of community-based care to best serve patients in the Denton and greater Dallas-Fort Worth region.


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Wednesday, April 11, 2012
Red Shoes
26 comments:
My parents made me wear Buster Browns.... No low-support Mary ks for me. But my heart belonged to penny loafers!ReplyDelete
I adore red shoes too! Love your new Repettos, you really did "win" them at that price. Funny, I posted a closet full of red shoes on my Pinterest "favorite things" board a while back. Also, the eyeglass sign is great!!!!ReplyDelete
Red is a typical Parisian fashion colour, there it is not possible to wear too much red. How come you win a box of Pierre Hermé macarons, yum.ReplyDeleteReplies
You have to click on the link.Delete
That year (2 years ago) P Herme had a contest on Jour du Macarons
If you won = Bingo!
A box of 36 free macarons.
c'est comme ca
Love that opening shot :)ReplyDelete
I can't believe the price on those ballerinas!
Forget the red, just give me that Pierre Herme hunk of chocolate!Replies
That's one TALL order Nikon.Delete
The cut marks go vertically up the side like height chart on the wall.
- Geri, NJ4:24 PM
Oh I love coincidences & finding many lately;just got in from my local TJ Maxx where I snagged the only pair of cute red leather sandals - made in Italia. So, I'm sitting at my desk trying them on again, et voila...you are waxing romantic about red shoes! Your shoes, and your painting are bellissimo BTW!ReplyDelete
Beware the nice wolf.ReplyDelete
That disguise can change on a dime once little Red Riding Hood is within reach!
N.C. Wyeth and his early Illustrator chums used red a lot in their paintings, as a focal point. Love the richness you captured in the Chocolate cake watercolor.
Roses are red, Violets are blue, Sugar is sweet and so are your Red Shoes. :))I can't believe YOU left the bag behind either.ReplyDelete
Yes I had a pair of red ankle strap shoes when I was about 10. That's why I love them!ReplyDelete
Ah, just spent the last week shopping with mademoiselle la grande and it's ballerinas, white pantacours and RED. You have the eye as always, Carol. I should have come to you first for fashion advice!ReplyDeleteReplies
1st I ever heard of 'pantacours'Delete
Is it a French thing? Hmmm
Not sure it's safe to ask what the bottles are near Pigalle...ReplyDelete
Another delightful daydream of Paris. Thank you!
Awesome selection of red shoes. I love red shoes. I have 4 pair of red shoes.These all shoes are stunning. Thanks for sharing the post!!ReplyDelete


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The Savannah History Museum is operated by the Coastal Heritage Society and includes the Savannah Visitors Center. It provides an excellent orientation for the guided tours of the city that begin at or near the site.
The museum is housed in the old Central of Georgia Railway passenger shed, a large historic brick structure that bespeaks the railroad's vital role in the development of the city.
The museum is a self-guided tour of numerous displays of Savannah's rich history, illustrating the exceptional aspects of the past as well as everyday life in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries. It includes everything from Revolutionary and Civil War displays to Homespun and the Industrial Revolution as well as early auto racing in Savannah.
The museum also encompasses the Roundhouse Railroad Museum, the largest antebellum repair facility still standing. Guests walk the grounds and see actual railcars and locomotives and hear how each piece of equipment and each of the particular buildings was used to keep America rolling.
Battlefield Park is adjacent to the museum and serves as a historic site commemorating a bloody battle for freedom during the Revolutionary War. On Oct. 9, 1779, more than 8,000 troops from three armies engaged in combat on that site to fight for control of Savannah.
Some 2,500 British troops succeeded in keeping the city under the firm control of the crown against a force of 5,500 American and French combatants. The clash resulted in about
800 dead or wounded.
Civil Rights Museum
The Ralph Mark Gilbert Civil Rights Museum was recently named Georgia's Best New History Museum by the Georgia Journal. It is named for the late Dr. Ralph Mark Gilbert, considered the father of Savannah's modern-day civil rights movement.
The museum building was erected in 1914 as the home of the Wage Earners Savings and Loan Bank, once the largest bank for African-Americans in Chatham County. With displays and multi-media presentations, the museum illustrates the struggle for civil rights endured by Georgia's oldest African-American population.
The museum features three floors of historic interactive exhibits that provide a sense of daily life during the civil rights struggle in Savannah and the rest of the state. There are also lecture halls, classrooms, a video/reading room, an African-American book collection for children and a gift shop.
The museum also offers special programs throughout the year highlighting civil rights struggles of other peoples such as European Jews under Nazi oppression that led to the Holocaust during WWII.
Telfair Museums
of Art
The Telfair Museums of Art is one of Savannah's most notable and prestigious institutions. It is the oldest art museum in the South and has been a bulwark of Savannah society for more than 125 years.
Once a renovated family mansion, the Telfair now encompasses three buildings, including two 1820s historic structures - the Telfair Academy and the Owens-Thomas House - and the modern Jepson Center for the Arts.
The museum boasts a collection of about 4,000 works from Europe spanning three centuries. There are a number of impressive exhibitions and educational programs throughout the year.
The second floor of the Jepson Center holds the Café Zeum, an informal, creative full-service eatery that features healthful eat-in and carry out meals.
The Telfair Museum of Art's daily calendar of events features a range of artistic crafts from various periods by some of America's most talented artists, past and present. There are also periodic special events and popular summer camps in photography, studio arts and more.
Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum
The Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum in Pooler is a unique look into one piece of Savannah's remarkable history.
The Mighty Eighth Air Force, originally the Eighth Bomber Group, was activated in January 1942 in the National Guard Armory on Bull Street. It was re-designated the 8th Air Force in 1944.
The Mighty Eighth suffered about half of all the U.S. air casualties in WWII, some 47,000 injuries that included about 26,000 deaths. The group earned 17 Medals of Honor, 220 Distinguished Flying Crosses, 850 Silver Stars and numerous other decorations and honors.
With multi-media exhibits, the museum tells the tragic and glorious story of the air war over Europe and the Mighty 8th's crucial role in the bitter and hard-fought victory over the German Luftwaffe.
The Combat Gallery features a B-17 Flying Fortress named the City of Savannah, which is undergoing full restoration. There is also a Boeing-Stearman P-17 training aircraft.
Hanging above the vintage airplanes are scale models representing some of the most important flying weaponry of the war, including American P-47 and P-51 fighters, a B-24 bomber and a German ME-109 fighter.
Outside, there is a genuine Vietnam-era F-4C fighter and a Russian MiG-17A.
There are also educational programs for students in grades 4-12.
Ships of the Sea Maritime Museum
The Ships of the Sea Maritime Museum was founded in 1966 to highlight the history of sea trade between England and the United States during the 18th and 19th centuries.
The museum's collection rests in the historic Scarborough House, built in 1819 for William Scarborough, one of the owners of the ship Savannah. The Savannah was the first steamship to cross the Atlantic. There is also a continental garden for visitors' pleasure and relaxation.
The collection boasts a number of meticulously crafted model ships of the period, including the Savannah, a later, larger vessel called The city of Savannah, the slave ship The Wanderer and RMS Titanic.
There is also a collection of maritime antiques telling the remarkable and sometimes tragic story of early trans-Atlantic sea trade.
Massie School
& Heritage Center
The Massie School is oldest continuously operating school in Georgia. It opened in 1856 as a free school for poor children, 10 years before Savannah received Georgia's first public education charter. The school is now a unit of the Savannah-Chatham County Public Schools System.
The heart of the school is the Heritage Classroom, which depicts school life in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Visitors can do arithmetic on slate boards, practice penmanship with a quill pen and read aloud from textbooks of the period, just as it was done more than 100 years ago.
A three dimensional display of Gen. James Oglethorpe's plan for America's first planned city is used to explain the whys and wherefores of Oglethorpe's 2.2-square-mile port settlement, along with what is believed to be the compass used by Oglethorpe when he laid out his master plan.
There are exhibits addressing historic preservation from the Victorian era, including many important buildings that have been lost over the years. Another called "The Debatable Lands" examines the native peoples of Georgia from before Columbus through the colonial period.
Massie School offers ongoing educational programs for students of every grade level.
Andrew Low House
Completed in 1849, the Andrew Low House is a testament to a brief golden age just prior to the Civil War. Low, a wealthy cotton magnate, commissioned architect John Norris to design the family home. The classically designed house sits on Lafayette Square.
Low lived in the home until his death in 1886. Son William MacKay Low inherited the home and married Juliette Gordon, founder of the Girl Scouts of America. William Low died in 1905, and the home remained in the Low family until Juliette's death in 1925.
The first floor holds the family dining room, kitchen, pantry, laundry room and servants' room. The main floor was one level above, where visitors can see grand parlors, a formal dining room, a library and a butler's pantry.
The third floor had five bedrooms and a room for bathing. Balconies graced with ornamental cast iron, coupled with sublime patios, provided a picturesque setting for enjoying the outdoors.
The home is decorated with a breathtaking array of luxury period furnishings and appointments.
Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace
With the coming of the 100th Anniversary of the founding of the Girl Scouting in May of next year, the Juliette Gordon Low birthplace is an especially important destination in Savannah.
The Low birthplace ranks among the most popular historic home museums in the city. Constructed in 1818 by Savannah Mayor James Moore Wayne at the corner of Bull Street and East Oglethorpe Avenue, the English Regency townhouse is reminiscent of similar homes, called Savannah boxes, built between the 1780s and 1870s.
However, this unique floor plan incorporated a significant expansion of space and upgrades in materials, architectural enhancements, millwork and cornices, transforming the Savannah box concept into the English Regency we see today.
The home is replete with original family furnishings, artwork by Juliette Gordon Low and many of her most cherished possessions. There is a garden, a favored place of Low, where iron gates, which she constructed, are on display.
Davenport House Museum
Isaiah Davenport was a carpenter from New England who achieved success as a builder of Federal style homes in 1820s Savannah. The Davenport House is a testament to his skills and served as a home for him and his family, as well as the slaves who worked in his home and business.
The home is also a shining example of the 20th Century period of historic home rescue that occurred in Savannah as most of these grand structures sat in various states of deep deterioration.
Seven local women rescued the home from demolition in 1955. Their work led to the creation of the Historic Savannah Foundation.
Between 1963 and the mid 1990s the museum underwent a series of renovations from the ground up, including period wallpaper and furnishings reminiscent of those used at the time of Davenport's death in 1827.
The Davenport House marks the first preservation and restoration effort by the Historic Savannah Foundation. As such, it is a source of great pride for the citizens of Savannah.
• Savannah History Museum. 303 MKL, Jr. Blvd. Savannah, GA 31401. 912 651-6823
• The Ralph Mark Gilbert Civil Rights Museum - 460 MLK, Jr. Blvd. Savannah, GA 31401. 912-231-8900
• Telfair Museums of Art - 121 Barnard St., Savannah, GA 31401. 912-790-8800
• Mighty 8th Air Force Museum - 175 Bourne Av. Pooler, GA 31322. 912-748-8888
• Ships of the Sea Maritime Museum - 41 Martin MLK, Jr. Blvd. Savannah, GA 31401. 912-232-1511
• Massie School & Heritage Center - 207 E. Gordon St. Savannah, GA 31401. 912-201-5070
• Andrew Low House - 329 Abercorn St. Savannah, GA 31401. 912-233-6854
• Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace - 10 E. Oglethorpe Ave. Savannah, GA 31401. 912-233-4501
• Davenport House Museum - 324 E. State St. Savannah, Georgia 31401. 912-236-8097


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Sheriff Lee Baca's former second-in-command — ousted earlier this year after he was accused of encouraging a "culture of brutality" at the county jails — is now asking voters to put him in charge of the world's largest sheriff's department.
Retired undersheriff Paul Tanaka announced his intention to run against his ex-boss during a news conference Thursday at an overlook in Griffith Park with the city below serving as his backdrop.
"I have decided to declare my candidacy for sheriff of Los Angeles County because community members are long overdue for new direction from their sheriff," Tanaka said.
"The lack of accountability at the Sheriff's Department has been well chronicled," he added. "It's an embarrassment to its thousands of hardworking employees and necessitates and change in command, a new vision."
Baca's spokesman, Steve Whitmore, said the sheriff, who has been in office 15 years, refuses to be drawn into a war of words against his former aide.
"The sheriff knows they're going to throw bombs at him, but he won't respond," he said. "His focus is not to keep his job but to do his job."
"He believes in the democratic process," Whitmore added. "It will turn an acute focus on his accomplishments and successes, which includes driving down crime to historic lows, reducing recidivism among inmates at the county jail and modernizing the department."
Tanaka joins a field that also includes retired Sheriff's Cmdr. Robert Olmsted, who acted as a whistle-blower about the beatings of inmates at Men's Central Jail; perennial candidate Lt. Patrick Gomez, who has twice lost to Baca; and Los Angeles Police Department Detective Lou Vince.
Tanaka said that if elected, "I will restore trust and credibility to the department."
"Getting the department's house in order is a top priority," he added. "The result will be improved crime-fighting efforts and public safety services to every community across the county."
Tanaka began his law enforcement career in 1980, as a police officer in El Segundo. He joined the Sheriff's Department in 1982 and rose through the ranks until becoming second-in-command at the department, primarily in charge of its almost $3 billion budget.
He currently serves as mayor of Gardena.
Last year, the blue ribbon Commission on Jail Violence called for removing Tanaka from the chain of command that supervises the jail system, saying he made repeated statements that led to "a perception by some deputies that they could use excessive force in the jails and their aggressive behavior would not result in discipline."
Tanaka blamed the criticism on politics.
"I think there was an anticipation that I might be doing this (running for sheriff) one day so people got out in front of the political attacks, and I can understand and I can deal with that," he said. "But if you look closely, in that time period that was under scrutiny, I was nowhere in the organizational chart where (the jail system) was my responsibility in any way, shape or form."
He denied encouraging deputies to use excessive force on inmates.
"You will never find a time in my past where I encouraged, tolerated or condoned misbehavior or misconduct by anyone in law enforcement."
His rival, Olmsted, disagreed.
"I'm running for sheriff because we need real change in the department to clean up the corruption and cronyism," he said in a statement. "Paul Tanaka and Lee Baca created this mess together — I saw than when I tried to stop the abuse at Men's Central Jail."


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Clemson DE target Ebenezer Ogundeko of Brooklyn said Sunday night he is "pretty close" on making his decision between Clemson and Syracuse. Ogundeko said he's not quite all the way there on making the decision which he will announce Friday at the Under Armour Game in Orlando.
Clemson target DB Adrian Baker talked Saturday with Clemson defensive coordinator Brent Venables and new secondary coach Mike Reed Saturday. He also talked to Oklahoma head coach Bob Stoops Saturday. Baker, who decommitted from Florida State a couple of weeks ago, has Clemson and Oklahoma as his current top two. "Both are recruiting me hard," he said. "They are even. I'm looking for the opportunity to play early and get a good education. Clemson give me the best chance to play early right now." Baker said Dabo Swinney, Stoops and Jimbo Fisher will make their in home visits next week. He won't announce a decision until National Signing Day and will do so at his school.


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Auburn offensive lineman Shon Coleman has received a sixth year of eligibility from the NCAA. Coleman, who signed with Auburn in February of 2011, did not play in 2011 or 2012 due to his battle with leukemia.
"This is great news for Shon, who has been through a lot medically during the last few years," Auburn head coach Gus Malzahn said. "He has been courageous in his fight and we look forward to him returning to the football field. We're also very appreciative of the NCAA staff for their understanding of his situation and granting him his sixth year."
A native of Memphis, Tenn., the 6-6, 302-pound Coleman was diagnosed in the spring of 2010 with leukemia and underwent treatment at St. Jude's Children's Research Hospital in Memphis.
INFORMATION SOURCE: Auburn Athletics Dept.