text:
Prime Bank Instrument fraud is a sophisticated method of Advance Fee fraud that developed in the 1980's in the USA and in Europe.
It is premised on the so-called existence of a secret market within which the world's prime banks are said to trade financial instruments on a daily basis in billion dollar volumes and at huge, irreversible and perpetual profits.
The instruments supposedly traded have been variously described as "Prime Bank Guarantees", "Prime Bank Notes", "Prime Bank Debentures" or variations of the same – hence the term "Prime Bank Instruments".
In the usual Prime Bank Instrument scam, investors are invited to participate in a secret "secondary market". This secondary market is held out to be the domain of a small number of "elite" and specifically accredited banks. Investors can take part through "Roll Programmes" wherein selected investors can pool their money and together reap the astronomic rewards.
An investor's funds are requested to be lodged for a year, or some other fixed term, and will then be reinvested back into the programme after each "roll". Returns of 2-3% per roll (with the rolls weekly) have been offered. This has the effect of offering annual returns well in excess of 100-150% per annum.
This market is a myth. It does not exist and authorities around the world continue to try and educate the public to this fact.
To attract its victims, either directly or indirectly (through the use of innocent intermediaries) the Prime Bank Instrument market has to possess a certain key characteristic. This characteristic, which exists to facilitate the fraud, is that the market is highly secret. No one, it is said, not even the authorities or banks involved in it, will reveal its existence. This is because to acknowledge the perpetual and risk-free source of enormous profits would cause a public outcry. Consequently, it is maintained, only a few people know of it.
The secrecy veil is swiftly thrown across those individuals who are to be allowed (indirect) access to the market. They may be asked to sign confidentiality agreements. They cannot indulge, of course, in any sort of due diligence. Professional advice may be discouraged or even precluded.
Most global Police Forces are aware of New people being approached directly for investment in this Prime Bank Instrument market.
A worrying development is the involvement of professional or financial investment advisers who seek to place clients' funds in these schemes.
Not all these people are dishonest, though some are (the Serious Fraud Office successfully prosecuted a financial adviser in Auckland for offences arising out of a PBI scheme). Some of these people are merely naive, believing they have made contact with people who have access into the Prime Bank Instrument market. Believing this, they encourage their clients to invest, promising vast returns.
The reality is that the money collected and advanced to the account nominated by the international fraudster will almost certainly be lost. Additionally, considerable sums will be expended by the victims on costs – either associated with providing an entry into the market or, after the event, attempting to recover money "invested".
Investors should exercise considerable care before investing (either directly or indirectly) in international schemes promising vast returns, little risk, and with little documentation. A high degree of secrecy is also to be viewed with suspicion.
Investors are ultimately responsible for their own investment decisions but they should bring suspicious or improbable schemes to the attention of the Serious Fraud Office and other authorities.


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BRUCE MacGREGOR & CHRISTINE HANSON Kissin' Is The Best Of A'
Since Alasdair Fraser's experiments with Ron Shaw in the 1980s, the combination of fiddle and cello has enjoyed an enormous revival in Scottish music. Fraser still leads the field, now with Natalie Haas at his side, but MacGregor and Hanson have followed in their footsteps and this debut duo recording is a treat indeed. The cello is not as prominent as I would wish at times, but it underpins the fiddle beautifully. The addition of guitar and piano is perhaps an unnecessary complication on several tracks, although it does allow Bruce and Christine to vary the sound, with the backing duties falling to Tim Edey and Brian McAlpine.
Bruce MacGregor's fiddle swoops through Scottish classics such as Clydesdale Lasses, Miss Shepherd, Mrs Grant Of Grant, as well as some toe-tapping tunes of his own. Short And Simple is a particularly catchy new reel. There are several striking slower tracks too: Gin Ye Kiss My Wife, Nancy's Waltz, Skinner's fiddle pibroch Dargai, and Bruce's composition Lament For Captain Simon Fraser which ends this selection. I wasn't so taken with the American oldtime Sunday River Waltz, but it does have some great cello harmonies. Nancy's Waltz and Bruce's Caithness Cowboy tribute to fellow fiddler Gordon Gunn, manage to keep that western swing but hold the cheese.

subset: commoncrawl


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Kevin Martin from Candlebox on LA Lloyd Rock 30
Written by LA Lloyd on October 2, 2020
Back in 2016, Kevin Martin, Candlebox vocalist, and I did a virtual interview via Skype. Little did we know that four years later, these type of interviews would become the norm in 2020. What has Kevin been doing in the middle of the pandemic? Actually he admits he should be practicing more but fortunately his wife has been nudging him to get back at it. Candlebox worked with Peter Cornell, Chris' brother, for a new track called Let Me Down Easy. There is a possible virtual live performance coming once the band can all get in one spot…probably Los Angeles. And yes there will be a new album from Candlebox in 2021…and hopefully a tour to go with it.


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Draft: Feb 24/2005
A seeker came through, expressed kindness in encouraging me, and then asked what was on his mind...
Hi Glen,
First let me say, you are a great scholar and can answer many questions even credible Christian scholars, pastors, theologians and philosophers cannot answer very well. Glen its because of websites like yours and answering-islam.com and others related to Christian apologetics that I might oneday become Christian again. I believe I will ask you 2 questions relating to 1 topic regarding circumcision.
1) What kind of Moral God upholds the first covenant by cutting off a part of a sexual organ? Is this God as sexually weird as Allah of the Quran? Why not use a different physical method? Why does the first covenant have to include a physical sign at all? Sounds like the law/covenant made with Moses would be good enough don't you think?
2) Its quite clear from scripture(which your well aware of as you mentioned here: www.Christianthinktank.com/qnazonly.html so I won't bother quoting scripture) that Paul and Peter originally had a difference regarding the issue whether circumcision was required.
My question is why was Peter's wrong doctrine of circumcision included in the canon of the Holy Bible? As a Christian would you not say that the Holy Spirit would bring unity of doctrines, especially when writing scripture and/or selecting scripture that God foreknew would be spread out to mankind?
As I can see this is a clear contradiction in doctrines in the Word of God itself. The fact that peter changes his mind and this is recorded in Acts is good, but including the epistle of Peter as God Breathed scripture when it includes a wrong doctrine is evidence that Gods word is not perfect. Since God foreknew that man would include the book of Peter and choose not to do anything about this, I believe this shows God does not care about the rational thinkers and there eternal destiny.
As you can see I accept if there is a God that his Book would be perfect in harmony, unity and perfect in everything else for that matter. Of course you might take a naturalistic view and say that the bible is a historical book and records history, however I must say the divine element remains questionable. Thanks for your time, XYZ
Even though my friend here only calls it 'two questions', it's really more than just 2 by MY (smile)...or at least, that's the way I read it... So, let's unpack these and see what we can find out:
The first one seems to be something like "how can a morally-high God use a sexual part of the body for a religious rite?"
Then: "Why not use some OTHER physical method, instead?" (implying that a non-sexual method would be more appropriate?)
Next: "Why does the first covenant even NEED such a physical sign?"
Next: "Why isn't the law/covenant with Moses enough to serve as such a sign?"
The second set of questions begins with "Why would God include false teaching in the Bible?"
And an implied one: "The Epistle of Peter teaches false doctrine, specifically that circumcision is required for salvation"
I think these are good questions, and I am glad our friend sent these in--
As I look at this wording of the question, I realize that there's an assumption being made: that it is somehow morally improper to use a sexual part of the body for a religious rite. In fact, that assumption is what makes the first one of the two questions even an issue. If there's really nothing 'wrong' with using a sexual part of the body, then obviously there's nothing problematic about this practice. (We could still ask the other questions, of course, of 'why' etc., but this first question would disappear).
So, why would it be wrong for God to use a sexual organ for some once-in-a-lifetime rite at birth? I am not sure I could defend this assumption--God created the sexual organ to begin with, so it not something 'dirty' or 'evil' in itself, so that couldn't be a reason to complain about its use. In fact, it's such an important organ, one might could argue that such a symbolic rite would be taken much more seriously than if it were just a tattoo, or special clothing, or a hairstyle.
And, it wouldn't make sense for it to be 'evil' to use it, due to immodesty or public nudity, because circumcision was done in the home (not in the temple), in private (not in a public ceremony), by the father (not a priest), on the eighth day (not at adolescence). So, it cannot be a 'nakedness' or 'immodesty' thing.
And it's not 'guilty' because of its connection to sex, since sex isn't bad at all in the bible. So, that's not a reason to accept the assumption.
Likewise, it cannot be evil because it involves surgery on the genitals, because it's not really 'negative' or 'debilitating' surgery (cf. the modern and ancient practice of it--for reasons of hygiene). God was obviously against truly 'negative' genital mutilation (cf. His ritual disapproval of castration and genital deformities in Deut 23.1; Lev 21.20; Lev 22.24; and His omission of any female genital surgery requirement), so He was sensitive to the issue. It's just that circumcision didn't seem to be considered an 'impairment' or negative procedure.
In fact, even the sexual aspect is completely absent in the rite, since it takes place LONG BEFORE puberty or marriage. Israel's practice even removed what 'fertility rite' connotations might have been associated with it at that time:
"Young men [in other cultures] were usually circumcised at puberty, evidently in preparation for marriage and entrance into full tribal responsibilities. The Hebrews were the only ancient practitioners of circumcision to observe the rite in infancy, thus freeing it from association with fertility rituals." [BEB, sv "circumcision"]
And, I am not even sure that the penis was solely, primarily, or even consistently thought of sexually in Ancient Israel (it is obviously used for other things, physiologically). We have two cases where close associates or children are told to swear with a ritual gesture of touching someone's genital area. In Genesis 24:2–9 Abraham has his servant Eliezer put his hand under the Patriarch's thigh to swear "by the Lord, the God of heaven and earth" that the servant will not arrange a marriage for Abraham's son Isaac with a Canaanite woman. Similarly, in Genesis 47:29–31 the dying Patriarch Jacob has his son Joseph swear to him that he will bury Jacob not in Egypt, but alongside Jacob's own parents in the Cave of Machpelah; and the oath-taking ritual again calls for putting a hand under the Patriarch's thigh. These are very solemn oaths, and the 'thigh' here isn't seen 'sexually' in the least. At most, it is seen 'procreationally', but this wouldn't make this act 'dirty' in that context--because it just wasn't seen that way, unlike it might be today.
Of course, God was very much against sexual activity in public worship, apparent from His condemnation of sacred prostitution in the surrounding nations (compare the fiasco at Baal Peor, Num 25), and of illicit sexual activity in priestly abuse (e.g. the sons of Eli in I Samuel 2.21ff). This would argue that God did NOT see circumcision as 'sexual' at all.
So, it doesn't even look very 'sexual' as practiced by the Israelites...and so I don't think we have to accept the assumption that a moral God would be precluded from using this for such a once-in-a-lifetime, at-birth, highly-private, family ceremony.
But the other questions may help us understand the significance of this--the 'why' might be instructive, so let's continue...
Well, first let's notice that we just came to the conclusion that there really wasn't anything inappropriate about 'that' physical method. And let's look now at WHY that particular physical method might have been 'culturally appropriate' (if it was).
First we should note that circumcision is widespread, and pre-dates the Hebrews. It was not unique to them, nor were they the first (and only) ones to circumcise:
"The rite of circumcision is far older than the Hebrew people. Cave paintings give evidence that it was practiced in prehistoric times. Egyptian temple drawings show that the operation was common in 4000 B.C. and probably earlier. Peoples practicing circumcision lived on almost every continent. The rite was observed among Central and South American Indians, Polynesians, the peoples of New Guinea, many Australian and African tribes, Egyptians, and pre-Islamic Arabs. The rite is not mentioned in the Koran, but because Mohammed was circumcised tradition dictates that male Muslims follow the ancient custom. Arab ancestry is traced to Abraham through Ishmael (Gn 17:20), so a common age for Muslim circumcisions is 13, because Ishmael was circumcised at that age (Gn 17:25)... Among the West Semitic peoples the Ammonites, Edomites, Midianites, Moabites, and Phoenicians all practiced circumcision (Jer 9:25); the Philistines, however, did not (Jgs 14:3; 15:18; 1 Sm 14:6; 17:26, 36; 18:25, 27; 31:4; 2 Sm 1:20; 3:14; 1 Chr 10:4)... Young men were usually circumcised at puberty, evidently in preparation for marriage and entrance into full tribal responsibilities." [BEB, s.v. 'circumcision']
Secondly, we should note that no one really knows what (pre-Hebrew, non-Hebrew) circumcision is all about or how it got started:
"The practice of circumcision was widespread in antiquity, but its origin and purposes remain uncertain. Bas-reliefs from Egypt, dating from the third millennium, attest to the practice among the Egyptians. In biblical times, West Semitic peoples, comprising Israelites, Ammonites, Moabites, and Edomites, were circumcised, but not the East Semitic peoples of Mesopotamia, such as the Akkadians, Assyrians, and Babylonians." [HI:LBI:43,44]
However, it is commonly believed that the non-Hebrew rite was a rite-of-passage, associated with entering into membership in the adult (i.e., marriageable) community, by becoming 'fit' for marriage.
"Originally, and as a general rule, [non-Hebrew] circumcision seems to have been an initiation-rite before marriage; consequently, it also initiated a man into the common life of the clan. This is certainly true of the many African tribes which practice it to-day, and very probably true of ancient Egypt, where it was performed at the age of puberty. The custom must originally have had the same purpose in Israel: the story of the Shechamites expressly connects it with marriage (Gen 34); the obscure episode of Ex 4:24-26 seems to refer to marriage also, for the pretense of circumcising Moses make him a 'bridegroom of blood'. We may add that the Hebrew words for bridegroom, son-in-law and father-in-law are all derived from the same root, hatan, which means in Arabic 'to circumcise'...Circumcision, therefore, is regarded as that which makes a man fit for normal sexual life; it is an initiation to marriage...This significance must have died out when the operation was performed soon after birth." [AI:1, 47f]
"Young men [not Hebrews] were usually circumcised at puberty, evidently in preparation for marriage and entrance into full tribal responsibilities." [BEB, s.v. 'circumcision']
Herodotus said that it originated for reasons of hygiene, but since most of the references seem to involve religion, this would transform the 'hygiene' into 'purity' and this is how it seems to have been understood in Israel (and in Egyptian priestly cases):
"Classical writers credited the Egyptians with inventing both male and female circumcision. A few Old Kingdom tomb scenes show circumcision being performed on adolescent boys. In the Sixth Dynasty tomb of Ankhmahor at Saqqara, the priest performing the operation assures the patient that it will not hurt. Thus, the element of ordeal, common to many African circumcision ceremonies, seems to be absent...In an inscription of the First Intermediate period, a man states that he was circumcised along with 120 others. This suggests that a whole age group was circumcised together at a puberty ceremony, presumably the 'circumcision festival' mentioned in the tomb of Ankhmahor. Possible references to this festival are very rare. Circumcision seems to have been a requirement of ritual purity for men who were going to serve in temples. This requirement may not have been observed at all periods. Some New Kingdom rules, who have many ritual duties, were uncircumcised." [OT:CANE:I.378]
"Circumcision, whatever its original significance may have been, was connected with purity. It seems that circumcision was obligatory for [Egyptian] priests. It was a distinctive mark of priesthood and formed part of the rites of induction in the latest periods, but whether it did for earlier times in uncertain....Circumcision seems to have been a religiously inspired operation, in spite of Herodotus's claim that it was a matter of cleanliness." [OT:CANE:2, 1733]
"The hygienic act of circumcision symbolized the need for cleansing if the holy God was to enter into relationship with an unholy people." [BEB, sv. 'circumcision']
The purity aspect seems to involve the actual physical removal of a thick 'obstruction' or 'impediment'. The metaphorical uses of this in the Hebrew bible generally support this 'purity through removal' aspect:
In Lev 19.23,24, the yield of fruit trees in Canaan was to be considered 'uncircumcised' for the first three years after the Conquest. In other words, the 'natural condition' of the fruit trees was required the removal (thru natural fruit processes) of some 'acquired' uncleanness from the Canaanites;
In Deut 10.16, Moses tells the people to 'circumcise the foreskins' of their hearts--remove the thick layer which 'hides' their hearts (also cf: Lev 26:41; Jer 9:26);
In Deut 30.6, Moses promises the people that The Lord will circumcise their hearts and the hearts of their descendants--so that they will LOVE God. The Israelites would need the obstruction/impediment removed, prior to their hearts being able to love purely;
In Exodus 6.12 and 30, Moses complains that his lips are uncircumcised--His speech is slow and thick (and 'unacceptable' to Israel);
In Jer 6.10, it is Israel's ears which are uncircumcised (they cannot follow the divine command to 'hear' God, because of some thick obstruction over their ears).
So, we might summarize the basic intent this way: Circumcision was an induction ceremony for Israelite infant boys, relating to entrance into the purified community. It was non-sexual, once-for-all, private, but still a rite of passage.
Now, we can ask the question of HOW THIS FITS in the ancient world/situation of the time--for other clues...
There are two time periods to look at here: (1) When Abraham was told to leave UR/Babylon; and (2) When Israel left Egypt.
(1) Circumcision was originally given to Abraham as a sign of the Abrahamic covenant, that God had created a special group called 'Descendants of Abraham'. To be a member of this class, one had to be circumcised and aligned with the values, commitments, and contracts of Abraham (and his successors). This fits, of course, with standard understandings of circumcision as an 'induction ceremony', but in Abraham's case it had special significance: break from the past, trust in God.
You see, Abraham had moved FROM Ur/Babylon, where the people did NOT practice circumcision, and moved TO Palestine/Syria where the natives DID practice it ("In biblical times, West Semitic peoples, comprising Israelites, Ammonites, Moabites, and Edomites, were circumcised, but not the East Semitic peoples of Mesopotamia, such as the Akkadians, Assyrians, and Babylonians." [HI:LBI:43,44]). Accordingly, when God instructed Abraham to circumcise all his descendants, this was an implicit--but deep--break with his homeland, his people, and his past. And this would have been obvious to any of those of his household who were familiar with that fact.
There is also a good chance that Abraham knew that the Semitic peoples of Canaan circumcised their families, and Abraham's act would have aligned himself with Canaan (his land-grant gift from God), instead of with Babylonia (his earthly 'fall-back').
So, in Abraham's case, circumcision would have been a reminder of his abject dependence on God, to protect him as a 'pilgrim and sojourner', and of his commitment to raise his descendants in the covenant of God.
(2) In the Exodus, we have a slightly different contrast. Although the data is not entirely unambiguous, we DO know that circumcision was generally required of Egyptian priests, as we have noted:
"Circumcision seems to have been a requirement of ritual purity for men who were going to serve in temples. This requirement may not have been observed at all periods. Some New Kingdom rulers, who had many ritual duties, were uncircumcised." [OT:CANE:I.378]
"Circumcision, whatever its original significance may have been, was connected with purity. It seems that circumcision was obligatory for priests. It was a distinctive mark of priesthood and formed part of the rites of induction in the latest periods, but whether it did for earlier times in uncertain." [OT:CANE:2, 1733]
With this backdrop--the holiest of priests are supposed to be circumcised for purity reasons--consider the call of God to Israel to be "a kingdom of priests" for Him. Every Israelite was to live in purity and holiness--"at least as good as" the Egyptian priests (which they would have been familiar with). Egyptians and Egyptian priests would have 'looked down on' any 'uncircumcised' Israelites (especially if they were claiming to be priests of the triumphant Yahweh!), and Israel would have been aware of the stigma herself. [One might compare Joshua 5, where the uncircumcised Israelites born in the Wilderness Wanderings were circumcised--this act removed the 'reproach of Egypt'. I understand that to refer to the reproach the Egyptians would have had for the Israelites who were not circumcised (up to that point), due to the practicalities of nomadic, wilderness travels.]
Hence, in THAT situation, circumcision for Israel was almost necessary for reasons of 'respectability' before the dominant/powerful Egypt.
So, I can easily see how a physical rite like this would have been useful, and even why it might have been necessary--in the case of the Egyptians. This, of course, addresses the 'why THIS specific physical act', since any OTHER physical act would NOT have eliminated the 'reproach of Egypt'. So, the "Why THIS one?" might be answered by (a) it was the 'standard' membership-entry rite for West Semitic peoples; and (b) it was the 'standard' purity-entrance rite for Egyptian priests (the 'measurement standard' of holiness of the time).
Well, strictly speaking, it doesn't actually have to be NEEDED to be justified in its existence, but only HELPFUL. If a given ritual "adds value" and helps people, and does so without negative effects, then that is reason enough for its existence and usage.
In our case, that seems to be the case. Circumcision had no 'downsides'--other than the ubiquitous one of 'trusting in rituals for a relationship to God'. Of course, Israel DID have this problem--later trusting/boasting in their circumcision, rather than trusting/boasting in the grace of their God (but that's a theme of the Hebrew prophets and New Testament).
But there's nothing wrong with physical signs, otherwise. The Nazarite's long hair, the High Priest's garments, the Tabernacle's embroidery, the carrying of branches at the feast of Tabernacles, the markings on the doorposts, the rainbow in the covenant with Noah, etc. These are contributory and helpful--even inspiring-- but not absolutely necessary. They reinforce and educate and remind and provoke to thought and theology...
Well, the first thing to note is that circumcision was a sign of the Abrahamic Covenant, and NOT the Mosaic one. It barely shows up in the Mosaic covenant, and is only referred to in the Hebrew prophets twice. The Covenant of Moses would be 'too late' for Abraham, obviously.
Also, I am not sure what you mean by 'law/covenant'. If you are referring to the physical aspects of the Law (e.g. tabernacle, sacrifices, festivals, priestly garments, etc.), then these could be adequate to remind people OF THE LAW. But since they were focused on the LAW, they weren't designed to focus on the ABRAHAMIC covenant (i.e., community is defined by faith in the Lord). If, on the other hand, you are referring to the simple legal 'contract' (and not to any physical manifestation of that covenant, e.g. Tablets of stone, inscriptions on Ebal/Gerazim, copies made by Joshua in the tabernacle), this intangible contract could NOT function as a reminder, since IT WAS WHAT the Israelites were having to be reminded ABOUT!
It seems that there is good reason to doubt the assumption that it is somehow 'improper' for God to use (what would eventually become, at puberty) a sexual organ for anything religious. We cannot find any reason to believe the assumption, either.
The act itself seems VERY non-sexual, being done in private, by family members, and long before any ideas of puberty, marriage, fertility could be associated with it.
God does take a strong stance against sexuality/eroticism in public worship, so this act must not fall into that category.
Circumcision is far older and wider than Hebrew practice--it formed part of the historical context in which they lived.
However, THEIR version of circumcision was decidedly different: pre-sexual, non-ordeal, non-public, done by family not priests, etc.
By comparing the Hebrew practice with that of other cultures, it can be seen that Hebrew praxis was similar in that it involved notions of religious purity/hygiene and notions of induction into the community, but dissimilar in that no aspects of sexuality or fertility were involved.
In fact, the act itself was seen as 'morally clean enough' to be used metaphorically by Moses and the Prophets.
The timing of the two major 'mentions' of circumcision in the Hebrew Bible (Abraham, Exodus) show that there were good reasons for Israel to practice this, in declaring their faith (Abraham) and in declaring their calling to be a Kingdom of Priests ('at least as pure as' Egyptian priests).
There didn't have to be a 'need' per se for God to include this once-in-a-lifetime act; He could do it if it were 'only helpful'. One could easily see how such a praxis in the life of the Hebrew family could be helpful to them: remembrance of God's promise to their forefathers, implicit call to self-purity of heart, explaining biblical history to the other children (a la the Passover stories, "when your son asks you..." type of situations), etc.
There is nothing wrong with physical signs, as long as they don't become objects of idolatry or 'stairsteps to arrogance and presumption'. Physical signs are often very helpful, especially at building community and at calling to remembrance.
Circumcision was the sign of the Abrahamic covenant and not of the Mosaic (although it was still commanded in the Law, of course).
So, I don't think there's a real problem here, when looked at this closely.
I think we are both in agreement with this one, since you note that it is okay to document someone's change of mind. And this historical narrative type of use is helpful to us: (1) God can use it to warn us about specific things to beware; and (2) God can use it to encourage us that we CAN change, and to challenge us TO change. So, I think we would both agree here, friend.
And I would agree with you that including as a canonical book of the bible a book that was clearly heretical WOULD BE inappropriate (or at least, very questionable and something to explain). That would be a very different case than ours here, though, because, unlike in the historical or narrative cases (in which God's disapproval could be seen from the way the false teaching was written about--either explicitly rejected or implicitly 'shamed'), the reader/believer would NOT BE ABLE TO TELL that such a book were 'unauthorized' and heretical. So, we agree on that as well.
This confuses me--I must not be understanding your meaning here, friend. The Epistle of Peter (a canonical book) doesn't even mention circumcision, much less 'endorse it as a means to salvation'...? It is filled with OT/Tanaach imagery and quotes and allusions, but none of these refer to circumcision. In fact, I Peter is a great book for the substitutionary death of Jesus, as the only means of atonement! It is a beautiful book, filled with grace and love--but nothing about circumcision.
Similarly, Second Peter--although much shorter and focused on different themes--makes no mention of circumcision either.
So, I have obviously misunderstood your point, because I cannot see how Peter's 'momentary waffling' is endorsed by God in a canonical book. Perhaps you can clarify this for me, friend, and I'll take a fresh look at it.
I hope this helps--and thanks again for your kind words and willingness to ask questions, Glenn Miller Feb/2005


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This is the community forum for my apps Pythonista and Editorial.
For individual support questions, you can also send an email. If you have a very short question or just want to say hello — I'm @olemoritz on Twitter.
Notifications and callback to myself
Hi all,
Isn't it possible to call my python script from a notification schedule with a callback url or is there a bug in the app?
This currently doesn't work:
# coding: utf-8 import notification notification.schedule('test', 5, 'default', 'pythonista://test.py?action=run')
The script should send my a notification after 5 seconds. After accepting the notification the script should start again automatically.
This worked fine for me, though I printed something in test.py first so it was obvious that it was running. one quirk: if pythonista is already open, you won't get a notification popup, it will just run. Try switching to another app while you wait, and bump up the delay a tad.
If you are running a script already, you will simply lose the notification.
Hi Jon.
I only get one notification. Do you really get multiple notifications (with a 5-sec delay after clearing the notification)?
yes. here is the exact test.py i used. note this must be in the main Documents folder
# coding: utf-8 import notification print 'hi' notification.schedule('hello',5,action_url='pythonista://test.py?action=run')
Also... don't "clear" the notification, tap it.
If you leave pythonista open, it will just keep printing hi.
Strange. Doesn't work.
I used your code and did:
- start the script test.py
- leave pythonista (went to the homescreen)
- don't lock the screen
- wait for the notification
- accept the notification
- pythonista is opened
- I see the "console" screen
- the script DOESN'T started again automatically :-(
ios version and device?
if you just open the pythonista link in safari, does it open and run?
iPhone 6s Plus running iOS 9.2
Pythonista 2.0
The link works in safari. The script runs automatically.
This works fine on my iphone6 and iPad Air1.
But on iPad Pro with identical program I get an error "...no attribute shedule".
On all these devices I running Beta 201001
Does someone have an hint?
A second question. The reminder is not able to send a reminder to another iOS device with same Pythonista installed?
omz last edited by omz
But on iPad Pro with identical program I get an error "...no attribute shedule".
Maybe you introduced a typo somehow? It should be
schedule, not
A second question. The reminder is not able to send a reminder to another iOS device with same Pythonista installed?
No, the
notificationmodule is just for timers etc. on the same device. You can use the
remindersmodule to create reminders (optionally with notifications) that can be synced via iCloud.
@omz thank you for your reply.
Okay, typo here in the text, but not in the program.:
import notification
notification.schedule('Hi guys!',10)
omz last edited by
@wnMark Just a guess: Have you perhaps created a script of your own, named
notification.pyon the iPad Pro? That would "shadow" the built-in module.
Lessons Learned!
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text:
Charged with Murder
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Plein Sud is "an awkward little bistro" where the food looks better than it tastes, says Sam Sifton. "It is by no means a good restaurant. " At Wall and Water, however, the food "can soar" — the restaurant, tucked inside a hotel, is "a delightful surprise, a case of pleasure arising out of diminished expectations." [NYT]
Related: A Look Inside Frederick Lesort's Latest, the AvroKo-Designed Plein Sud
The meat at Shake Shack, "while beefy and dense, isn't particularly flavorful or juicy," Alan Richman reports, after visiting all four New York locations. "The crinkle-cut fries are satisfying in an eating-on-the-boardwalk way, but they don't have a great deal of potato flavor." [Forked & Corked/GQ]
Related: Danny Meyer Thinks Shake Shack Holds Its Own Against Five Guys
"There's an awful lot of nautical kitsch" at the Upper East Side Luke's Lobster, notes Andrea Thompson. "You feel as though you've stumbled into a Down East Applebee's." The lobster roll delivers, though, and "The shrimp and crab rolls are stuffed full of juicy seafood, and are even more affordable than the signature roll." [NYer]
"The noise is unbearable" at Xiao Ye, Gael Greene complains, and "'Mom's Cold Noodles' with cucumber slivers in Sichuan peppercorns and chile oil are just plain boring." Still, "I love the 'Princeton Review Bean Paste Noodle,' a Taiwanese classic with wonderfully firm noodles, Duroc pork, salty bean paste and cucumber." [Insatiable Critic]
The food at Smoke "has proven that great jazz and great food are not incompatible," raves Ed Levine. Black truffle coq au vin is "a memorably delicious plate of food," and desserts are "as satisfying and straight-ahead as the band." [Serious Eats NY]
Checking out wine bars, Robert Sietsema finds the food at Aria "surprisingly good," though the "wine selection is wildly uneven, ranging from exciting … to awful." Pinkerton is "low-energy restaurateuring at its most extreme … a discount wine bar." At Enoteca on Court, "my date and I couldn't shake the impression that [it's] really a full-service restaurant masquerading as a wine bar." [VV]


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Source of book: Kern County Library
This book is the major reason I have posted fewer reviews as of late. Weighing in at nearly 1000 pages of smallish type, this is neither a light nor quick read. It is, however, a truly amazing work of non-fiction.
The best way I can find to classify this book is a hybrid of autobiography, history, and editorial. It goes even farther than Churchill's works by digressing extensively from the narrative with commentary by the author.
Chaudhuri was born in 1897 in East Bengal, now part of Bangladesh, but then part of British India. He endured extensive bouts of poverty and unemployment as he followed his dream of earning his living through writing. He wrote for newspapers and magazines in both English and Bengali, spent a number of years as a secretary for Sarat Bose, a major figure in the Indian Nationalist movement, and later wrote for All India Radio. He burst upon the international scene with his first book, Autobiography of an Unknown Indian, in the 1950s. This book could be considered Volume One of his autobiography, with Thy Hand, Great Anarch serving as the second installment, covering his life from 1921 to 1951.
Thy Hand, Great Anarch took its title from a poem by Alexander Pope (The Dunciad) which satirizes cultural decay, ending with these lines:
Thy hand, great Anarch! lets the curtain fall;
And universal Darkness buries All.
Chaudhuri wrote this book late in life – it was published in 1987 when he was nearly 90. He would live to 101, publishing his last book at age 100.
As a man, Chaudhuri makes an interesting study. He was in ill health for most of his life due to a series of childhood illnesses. He was a mere five feet tall, and freely admits his wife was bigger and stronger than he. A less imposing or less physically attractive person could hardly be imagined. However, he balanced his frail exterior with an unusually strong memory, a clear and brilliant mind which he kept to the end, a self confidence bordering on arrogance combined with a witty sense of self-deprecation.
This book is considered to be one of the best primary sources for the saga of the end of British rule in India. Chaudhuri lived through many of the important events, and knew the personalities. His portraits in this book of the poet Tagore, Sarat and Subhas Bose, Gandhi, Nehru, and others are brutally honest both as to strengths and failures. His analysis of the events and the disasters which followed were provocative at the time, and still challenge the conventional wisdom.
Uncompromising is perhaps the best word to describe Chaudhuri's writing. He refused to even consider changing his views on anything to gain his own advantage. In reality, he was dismissed from his position with All India Radio, and even denied his pension, because of his first book. Even 35 years later in Anarch, he refused to pull punches, whether speaking about individuals, the Indian government, or even American culture. It is this quality of speaking the truth as he saw it that gives his writing its force. He states that he has rarely had to revise his opinions, because he has taken such care to never express any opinion on any subject unless he felt sure it would stand wear and tear. Whether you agree or disagree with his conclusions, it is clear he thought them through and did his best to discard any personal bias that might have interfered.
With a book of this length and scope, it is difficult to pick only a few highlights.
First, from the introduction, he announces that much of what was written about Indian independence was blatantly partisan. Those connected with the Indian government sought to preserve their jobs and glorify the new regime. Those from Britain sought to make a saint of Gandhi and therefore forget their own failures. Neither acknowledged the catastrophe that India became in the wake of independence – the rampant corruption and prejudice that even now holds India back from her potential.
"I judge policies and actions by their results, and not by the intentions of the participants…The most extraordinary fact about the recent history of India is that none of those who, whether Indian or British, were in reality Agents of Evil, had any suspicion that they were that and not Children of Light…A true student of history knows that history does not forgive. In India she has not."
Chaudhuri's view was that Britain's significant failure was their refusal to practice "cultural assimilation". The British in India neither adopted the Indian culture nor spread their own. Rather, they viciously fought against those Indians who attempted to adopt British culture, considering them mere monkeys rather than equals. Thus, in the reaction against British arrogance, the culture of corruption and the prejudice of the caste system were elevated to the status of nationalistic icons, ruining the chance for India to rise above them. In this way, the Indian independence focused on being "not-British", rather than having a clear idea of what good alternative to put in place of British rule.
In speaking of the Hindu-Muslim conflict which resulted first in the partition of India into Pakistan and Bangladesh, and to this day continues as a nuclear-armed standoff, he believed that lots of high-flown, but utterly irrelevant things had been said. "I came to the conclusion that the more well-intentioned people were, the more prone did they become to utter drivel." He also became skeptical of humanitarianism after his dealings with Gandhi and others – it seemed to him to become a form of egoism. He also describes those who "draw satisfaction from self pity", a description of continued relevance today.
Chaudhuri also disdained pacifism and "diplomacy". I will admit he makes a great case for its failure in the case of India, and much of it rings doubly true today with the endless conflict in the Middle East. He correctly notes that pacifism has its root in fear. "The real emotion behind pacifism was and is fear of war, and there is no greater begetter of wars than this fear if it is allowed to make nations afraid to face wars. Ultimately, it really imposes war on them in the worst of circumstances." Regarding "diplomacy", Chaudhuri uses an image that has stuck with me as ingenious and accurate. "This latter activity was seen in the summoning of conferences, creation of commissions, and sending of missions, whose purpose was to arrive at an agreed solution, but which achieved nothing. The strangest part of this activity was that the failure of each of these sessions of 'dialogue', as they would be called today, only inspired more desire for the same kind of 'dialogue', just as miscarriages produce immediate pregnancies."
Lest it be thought that Chaudhuri is annoyingly self-assured, there are several passages throughout the book of brutally unflattering self assessment. He felt himself lacking in will to action, and content to let ill fortune and laziness combine to ruin him.
His account of his marriage is also humorous for his sense that he was not much of a catch. He begins the account, "In this part of the book I shall give an account of my marriage and of the first quinquennium of my married life. It would read like a madman's tale. But since I have pulled off that bout of madness and succeeded in keeping my wife fifty-four years, it will perhaps be conceded that prudence has very little to do with happiness and unhappiness in the married state."
In typical Bengali style, he went to his father and asked him to find a wife. His father attempted to get some idea from Nirad what he should look for, but Nirad was loath to make any demands about looks. He considered it to be brutal for a man to reject a girl because of her looks, and felt that his own looks would be a turn off for the girl in any case. His father wisely asked him, "Of the intellectual type?" He replied, "Enough for two." As he later commented in paragraph, "In knew that if the girl I married did not have real intellectual ability but had its conceit I would make her life miserable." I found myself nodding along at this point in my reading.
He also hilariously describes his experience with the pimps in Delhi when he lived there. They would make "alluring remarks" about girls whose "sizes and figures" would match his. He notes that he was five feet and under one hundred pounds at the time. However, his continued refusal eventually gave him a reputation, which he considered a prized certificate of his character.
Chaudhuri took a lot of criticism for his unabashed love of European culture. He loved classical music, particularly opera – a form much disdained by most Indians. He was no mere dabbler – his children learned violin and piano, and he mentions his love for Cecil Forsyth's Orchestration, a work that graces my own bookshelf. He was fluent in English, French, and Latin, among other languages, and had an extensive knowledge of Western history. While this makes him a better writer, it did him no favors in his native land.
This book is an inspiring read both for its language and its ideas. Chaudhuri never thinks small, but always expansively, bringing in history, philosophy, and literature. This book is best enjoyed a chapter at a time, with Latin and French dictionaries handy for his use of quotations from these languages.
As a final note, Chaudhuri was an excellent example of an autodidact. Although he had a college education, he never pursued his graduate studies. He did, however, spend money he didn't have on books, and educated himself over a vast range of topics. He even became, during World War II, the military expert for All India Radio due to his knowledge of strategy and weaponry. He firmly believed that every ten years or so, a person needs a new hobby or interest to keep him learning and truly alive. Perhaps this helped him keep his mind sharp throughout his long life.
This philosophy also served him well with his children, who he did not trust to the public schools in India. Instead, he taught them, particularly in their high school years. As he said, "So my educational theory and practice falsified the very fashionable theory that parents are the last persons to succeed in educating their children. Actually, who else is qualified to make them both educated and civilized?"


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18-20.12 DKS Party.
DKS99 was held in France.
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We had a great site visit today on a large house conversion in Chinley, the project is due for completion in May with the first fix electrical and plumbing starting on site next week.
Together with Nick our part 1 student we reviewed the works to date and discussed details around the external terrace and drainage details. Its mundane stuff but gave Nick a great insite into a working site and how details on the boards translate to site.
Next step...tiling layouts!


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When I saw Claudia's Jack & Jill and Witch Is In, I thought 'Hansel and Gretel' for some reason. And for the witch's house part of the new Border Duo 1 looked perfect for the trims I needed. Here is what I did:
- Jack & Jill were inked with Memento Cocoa Brown, stamped twice on white cardstock, painted with Twinks, and cut.
- Stickles Diamonds glitter glue was added to Jill's wings and Spica AtYou Pitch Black glitter pen was used for her skirt and hair band, and for J&J's eyes too.
- Jack's pumpkin head and Jill's skirt and head band were cut out, painted and mounted with 3D pop-dots.
- The bottom branches from Candy Corn Tree were stamped with Memento Cocoa Brown, painted with Twinks, and cut out.
- The star wand, Halloween bag, and candies were also painted and cut out.
House & Grass Border:
- Stamped CAC Wood Grain on Natural (off-white, ivory, cream) cardstock and cut with House Die.
- Border Duo 1 was cut with a 2 3/4" tall piece of natural cardstock (for roof), mounted on the house die cut, and trimmed from the back side.
- Added Witch Is In with Memento Cocoa Brown, went over it with Spica AtYou Pitch Black glitter pen, and Glossy Accents.
- 2 Door and Window die cuts done with Natural cardstock, glued to more cardstock for backing, and filled bottom areas of door with blanks from die cut.
- Painted open areas of windows with Twink Lemon Yellow, added a little Stickles Diamonds glitter glue (frost), and mounted. Added beige pearl sticker to door for handle.
- Used the Border Duo 1 with green cardstock for the grass and set aside.
- Inked CAC Spider Web with VersaMark and stamped on white cardstock. Added clear embossing powder and heat embossed.
- The photo shows 3 different types of sponge tools (sponge, dauber, or brayer) to ink over the embossed areas with Memento Nautical Blue. I used the sponge.
- Mounted house on the left side of the web BG.
- Placed 'grass' to see where to cut for the sidewalk. Used fingernail to crease on each side, cut, and mounted.
- Placed die cut blank from door for sidewalk.
- Mounted Jack & Jill with 3D pop-dots. Added candies, bag, and star wand and embellished with Glossy Accents. Hematite glitter glue pen used for handle of bag. Yellow star pin and black organdy bow was added. Stickles Yellow glitter glue was added to stars on wand and pin.
- Mounted card front to white cardstock as shown.
- The envelope was handmade using THIS format. The front was masked for area I didn't want inked with the Spider Web stamp. The flap was so easy with the Border Duo 1 die by laying the envelope flat and lining up with the die.
Our Next Challenge
From our new list is this Thursday, September 6. It is your "Favorite Quote/Saying Challenge". For those of you who aren't familiar with our challenges, the guidelines are below:
- Ending time for this challenge is next Wednesday, September 12, at 10 p.m. EST.
- Use the Inlinkz thumbnail format thumbnail format at the end of the September 6 post.
- The drawing is for a $25 Gift Certificate for use in our on-line store.
- The winner is picked using Random.org.
- The players are notified of the winner by email that night.
- The winner's name will be posted with the DT Thursday post on September 13.
- All entries are posted in the Customer Card Gallery under Card Galleries at the top of the page.
Have some fun, invite a friend to create too, have a stamping party and/or create your card using all IO stamps, and then post it using the Inlinkz at the bottom of the September 6 post. If you have questions please email me. My email is right under my name near the top of the sidebar to your right.
If you need inspiration you can check out the 2012 Card Galleries at the top of the blog. Also, there are direct links to the stamps, their DT posts, and more card samples in our on-line store!
Don't forget we have some new terrific dies in our online store. If you can't wait, you can hop right to them HERE.
Thanks for stopping by to look and share! See you back here on Thursday.


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NEW YORK — Starbucks opened the first of what could grow into a chain of 1,000 tea houses over the next five to 10 years, in a posh neighborhood just off Central Park on Manhattan's Upper East Side last week.
Featuring handcrafted tea beverages, premium loose-leaf teas, tea merchandise and foods that pair well with tea, Teavana Fine Teas + Tea Bar is designed to both enhance the premium tea experience and make fine tea accessible to the masses.
Related story: Tea Sets: Beverage 'Is Rock and Roll"!
Photos by Starbucks
Captions by Julie Gallagher
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Found 4 results[ Author] Title Type Year
Filters: First Letter Of Last Name is W [Clear All Filters]
Determination of Conditional Stability Constants and Kinetic Constants for Strong Model Fe-Binding Ligands in Seawater. Marine Chemistry. 69:1-17.. 2000.
Inactivation of Vanadium Bromoperoxidase: Formation of 2-Oxohistidine. Biochemistry. 35:11805-11811.. 1996.
Vanadium Bromoperoxidase-Catalyzed Oxidation of Thiocyanate by Hydrogen Peroxide. Inorg. Chim. Acta. 243:201-206.. 1996.
Peroxidative Halogenation Catalyzed By Transition-Metal-Ion-Grafted Mesoporous Silicate Materials. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119:6921-6922.. 1997.


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Eggscelent work
These are all the entrants for the Dr Barnado's Egg competition.
The eggcitement was eggstremely high for the final of the Dr Barnardo's design-an-egg competition. All were made to eggsacting standards and none were eggscluded. In order to finish on time, everyone had to crack on and there was no time for yolking around. At the time of writing the winner hadn't been announced but we're all eggcited about who it might be.
In the non-egg part of the curriculum, we've been finding out how to find change from an amount of money and some of us even had the chance to furnish an (imaginary) room to a budget. So we'll be itching to accompany you on your next trip to the supermarket!
It only remains to say, have a lovely half-term break and see you after half term. Once again, the homework for this week is attached below.


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I think I solved my feelings of lethargy.
Ah yes, the baby is coming. Tuesday, as I said, we saw the midwife, and we probably only have two more appointments before the baby will come. She's almost here and I'm ready... Well, sort of ready. Not ready to be washing nappies again. Not ready to not sleep. Well, I'm sort of ready to not sleep. I haven't slept well in like five years. What's another five.
Yesterday though, man. I was feeling really weird. I hope it was only the protein. If not, if that happens again, I'm not sure what else to try. Too much going on, too much to think about, too much of everything. I want to get in a canoe, ride somewhere alone. Want to ride my bike in the hills outside of Shibata. Want to drive across the US.
Movement, I want all these things that involve movement. Instead? Instead, we'll have dinner at Ikea tomorrow, I'll clean some more over the weekend. I'll prepare my presentations for the 24th and the 9th. I'll wait for the baby to come.


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Friday, February 24, 2017
Friday Fun-Day
13 comments:
So amazing!ReplyDelete
** Join Love, Beauty Bloggers on facebook. A place for beauty and fashion bloggers from all over the world to promote their latest posts!
Happy Birthday to your beautiful mama! What a great pic of you two! :) That house number/age story was too cute! lol! Wishing you and yours a fantastic upcoming weekend, Sarita! xo - Brenda // ChattingOverChocolate.comReplyDelete
I once had someone tell me that my house's name was 412. Because that was its number. LOL.ReplyDelete
Happy birthday to your mom!! Haha I can only imagine some of the expenses that folks try to pass off! Hope you have a great weekend! xo, Biana -BlovedBostonReplyDelete
Happy birthday to your mama! Lol that'd be pretty impressive if your house was 311 years old! Happy Friday.ReplyDelete
Happy Birthday to your Mama! How funny she thought she knew the house's age! That is so cute. Happy Friday :) Beautifully CandidReplyDelete
I love how ambitious your sweet girl is♡ReplyDelete
Happy birthday to your mama! I see where you get your good looks and kind heart from! Kids say the darnest things right? Too funny.ReplyDelete
Happy Birthday to your Mom! I love that C wants to help the polar bears. :) Enjoy your weekend!ReplyDelete
yup, definitely a game changer when the kids entertain themselves!ReplyDelete
So funny that she thought she knew the house's age! That's pretty clever though! The temps have been so nice here too but they're cooling down again this week and I'm so sad!ReplyDelete
Loom knitting is SO much fun. Marissa has loved hers. I hope your mama had an amazing birthday and that you had a fantastic weekend.ReplyDelete
Your memes cracked me up. Girl, you get your beauty from your mom!ReplyDelete


text: Amy H. – Parent from Faria October 22, 2016January 14, 2017 ewa Do you feel that MathEdge has increased your child's enthusiasm in learning? "Yes. Because, he finds the peer group which match his level of math, and he feels more enthusiastic with these peers that understand what he's thinking."


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2017 Sale A Bration- Designer Tee
Introduced another free set of 2017 Sale A Bration. Designer Tee
This set is coordinate with Occassion catalog's new set- " Custom Tee " set which will be available from Jan. 4th 2017.
Designer Tee set is one of free set of 2017 Sale A Bration.
Have it, Eat it and do it all..
this will be good words for us to start new year.
I want to do it all that what I like, what I love to and what I need to do.


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A popular route that connects people from downtown Portland to Skyline Blvd (or vice versa) is now open after being closed for over a year due to a landslide.
NW Thompson Road between Cornell and Skyline Blvd reopened today, says a statement released this morning by Multnomah County. Here's more from the County:
Last winter's heavier rainfall led to more landslides than in a typical year. A landslide on the downhill side of N.W. Thompson Road in a rural area threatened to erode the shoulder and eastbound traffic lane. After researching several repair options, Multnomah County chose a product made by Maverick Solutions of Lake Oswego to repair the Thompson Road slide.
After excavating the slide, crews installed layers of plastic netting covered with gravel and lined with bags of earth tied together by a system of plastic connectors. The end result provides the stability of a conventional slide repair and allows the hillside edge to be re-planted, adding strength and environmental benefits.


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Just when you thought everything is going well in your relationship, his feelings suddenly run hot and cold – one minute he's spending time with you, and the next, he's suddenly distant.
Now you are left wondering—is it you? Is it something you said? Something you did?
Frustrating, right?
Here are possible reasons why some men pull away when they're falling in love.
Table of Contents
- Fear of missing out
- Fear of the future
- Fear of being vulnerable
- Men and women relate differently
- Past relationship failures
- Fear of personal failure
- Lack of ability
- Unconscious emotional learning during childhood
- A defense mechanism and fear of being vulnerable
- Normalizing of emotional unavailability
- He needs some space
- Hang-ups about his career and future
- Emotions get too intense for him
- He thinks it is happening too fast
- Afraid of losing freedom and independence
- Not wanting to be exclusive
- Fear from mistrust
- Attachment styles
- Self-view
- Anxieties unique to men
- His behavior is rooted in anxiety
- To preempt abandonment
- Depends on the experiences that inform our attachment style
- Guys learn at a young age to be guarded, untrusting, yet accommodating
- They don't know how to allow someone else a place in their heart
- Different display of affection
- Things are moving too quickly
- To build up their emotional bank
- He's never been in a serious relationship before
- The timing just isn't right
- He's not looking for anything serious
- An evolutionarily developed trigger of fear
- A defense mechanism
- Frequently Asked Questions
Rob Magill, MA, ICAADC, CCPG, DOT-SAP, LPCTBHI
Certified Telebehavioral Health Practitioner, Magill Counseling
Just about everyone wants to be in a relationship. But not everyone is comfortable in a long-term relationship. This can lead to men distancing themselves in a relationship.
This can be for several reasons:
Fear of missing out
Some men are afraid that they are "settling." There might not be someone else that they know would be a better partner. But there could be. So when a relationship becomes more serious, they shirk away. What if they commit, and it is the wrong person?
Fear of the future
Deeper conversations happen when a relationship progresses. It is easy to talk about favorite foods, movies, places to visit, etc. It can be challenging talking about future dreams, especially when those dreams might not happen.
Fear of being vulnerable
When a relationship gets serious, more is expected, especially in what is shared and how it is shared. Surface conversations still happen, but more personal topics should be discussed.
This means that the other person gets to know who you are. And may not like you. At all. That can cause people to settle for what they have instead of moving forward in the relationship.
Men and women relate differently
Men and women generally need different things in a relationship. That is part of what makes a couple more effective than one person. But it also means that men may need to act out of their comfort zone in the relationship.
That is scary, and people are not always successful at this. Especially the first few times. Sometimes it is easier to just disengage than risk being uncomfortable or another failure.
This leads to the next point:
Past relationship failures
Past relationships color current relationships. How can they not? If a man was in a bad relationship and got out, that will shape the perspective of future relationships.
He may expect the current relationship to end how past relationships did and try to avoid those unpleasant feelings. Even if this person is different.
Fear of personal failure
A closer relationship means more responsibility. This can scare some men. Feelings of inadequacy, imposter syndrome, etc. can all rise up and make a man consider distancing from their partner.
Related: Overcoming Fear of Failure
Lack of ability
Sometimes, men experience things in their past that stop them from learning how to relate to others. Even though they want the relationship, they might now know how to talk to someone more profoundly. This can be made worse by the previous reasons.
Deeper relationships may feel awkward or even foreign. This can lead some men to retreat to what they know – the safety of a more distant relationship.
Fortunately, men facing any of these roadblocks do not have to be paralyzed by them. Often, simply recognizing they are, there is a great first step to moving through them. Once recognized, a man can choose how to address these roadblocks best.
Addressing these concerns can be anything from choosing to act despite feeling fear, talking to good friends for their help, or even seeking out professionals. Sometimes a combination of these works well, too.
Clinical Psychologist | Author, Joy from Fear: Create the Life of Your
Dreams by Befriending Your Fear
Unconscious emotional learning during childhood
During childhood, we learn how to "be" from watching our parents and caregivers. If a parent or parents are loving and kind, a child learns to be open to love and vulnerability.
However, if parents are defended, use "love" to be hurtful, or respond to life in an angry or shut down manner—the child will learn that behavior when it comes to relationships. Of course, all of this early learning occurs on an unconscious level.
If a child learns that it is NOT safe to be vulnerable—if the child is not cared for well and supported in an emotionally present manner—the child will learn to shut off feelings such as sadness, anxiety, and hurt.
In this way, the child learns to be defended against love rather than being open and vulnerable to love. Defenses against vulnerability surface in a variety of ways—whether a person gets quiet, stonewalls, becomes passive-aggressive or acts out in anger.
A defense mechanism and fear of being vulnerable
In adult life, these behaviors become part of the individual's normal patterns. Although they are operating on a largely unconscious level, the defense mechanisms are present. Thus, if a man falls in love, he may feel very engaged and loving during the initial, often passion-filled stages of a relationship.
Yet, as the relationship becomes "real" and emotional connection becomes an issue, a man may shut down out of fear of being vulnerable.
Given that our society tends to normalize and accept emotional unavailability—particularly in men—many people unconsciously accept that the relationship can't proceed into deeper territory. It is common at this stage for the relationship to break off or turn cold. Sadly, these patterns tend to create vicious cycles that make defensive patterns all the more hard-wired in the brain.
The good news is that these negative, defensive patterns can be changed with conscious effort and perseverance.
Mary J. Gibson
Relationship Expert, DatingXP
Things are going great, and you're excited to start a new chapter of your life. You have always wanted a committed relationship, and you think you've found the one. But just when everything falls into place, you realize he is slowly withdrawing.
Whether it is canceling plans or evading more serious topics like marriage, you start noticing an obvious distance. Then, you start thinking if it was something you did or said. However, more often than not, this is about him, not you.
He needs some space
Sometimes, he needs some time off to think about the relationship. Every relationship is about give-and-take, so he becomes aware that he might have to give some things up if he is going to be with you. During this moment, it's better to let him be. The more you chase, the more distance it can create.
Hang-ups about his career and future
Men usually tend to find confidence in their careers, and if things are not going very well there, they might not feel confident in other aspects of their lives. Therefore, if this is the case, it is best to not put any relationship pressure on him.
Emotions get too intense for him
Sometimes, processing emotions are hard for any gender. But men usually end up withdrawing after experiencing intense emotions. Let them be during this time; they will come back to you when they're ready.
He thinks it is happening too fast
Due to widely perpetuated gender stereotypes where men are taught to see a commitment like a trap or a loss of freedom, sometimes their cause for withdrawing could be the fact that they are too affected by society. They might think they're losing their freedom, so they think you're moving too fast.
During such a moment, it's better to sit down and talk about your relationship in the present. Giving him time can help a lot.
Lynell Ross
Certified Health and Wellness Coach | Behavior Change Specialist | Founder and Managing Editor, Zivadream
The most common reason men pull away when they start to fall in love is fear of commitment. Within this overarching reason, several factors can contribute to this fear.
Afraid of losing freedom and independence
The most common variable is that men are afraid of losing their freedom and independence. Men will often consider falling in love from a practical perspective.
Then, they will begin to wonder about such things as whether they will still have time to go out with their friends, how a more serious relationship may affect their football Sundays, or their ability to do what they want when they want.
They cannot be blamed for considering such practical matters, but we must recognize that often these fears are unfounded or based on irrational thinking. Not all relationships have to be the end of a man's freedom and independence.
Not wanting to be exclusive
Another contributing factor in fear of commitment often relates to men not wanting to be exclusive to one woman. Often, men, particularly younger men, want to keep their options open, always on the lookout for the next best thing.
This may relate to an irrational self-image, believing they can do better, or simply promiscuity. But as they start to fall in love, they opt to listen to doubting thoughts instead of their hearts.
Rather than embracing what is front of them, which might be something real and special, they go with their gut, allowing fears to drive their actions.
Fear from mistrust
Lastly, a force driving fear of commitment is often mistrust, which is usually the result of past breakups. If a man has been emotionally hurt before, he may be very reluctant to jump right back into the deep end and fall in love.
Related: How to Let Go of the Past and Move On
Akin to a child touching a hot stovetop, men that are emotionally hurt by a woman are often quick to withdraw and become guarded, afraid of being put through the wringer again.
This is understandable, and patience must be exercised when this factor is at play.
Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist, Los Angeles, Ca
Men (and women too) sometimes pull away when they are falling in love because of different fears about attachment and beliefs about self-worth and being unloveable come forward.
These attachment styles and beliefs, often unconscious, are based on their childhoods and the meaning they gave to their early life experiences.
Men pull away in response to fears of being abandoned, rejected, or not being good enough.
Attachment styles
Anxieties, worries, and fears typically come forward in all relationships. Depending on how secure we are from an attachment style perspective, we will have more or less anxieties. It is totally normal for our insecurities to come forward at the beginning of a new relationship, as we find ourselves falling in love or once we are firmly in a relationship.
Our attachment style is deeply rooted in our brain and originates from the basic need to survive and how well our parents were attuned to our needs – emotional and physical. We all started out as helpless babies.
Some of us had more attentive and loving parents than others – this attunement formed our attachment styles. Psychotherapists generally identify attachment styles as secure, insecure, and avoidant.
As we begin to fall in love with someone, our unconscious attachment memories become activated. They can cause us to pull away fearful that our needs won't be met, that we might be rejected or even abandoned – as we feel needy, fearful, angry, and irrational.
These emotions can have a negative impact on our relationships if they are not addressed in a healthy way.
On a more apparent level, depending on our self-view, self-confidence, and self-love (which is also connected to our attachment style), anxiety and insecurities will arise when we are in a relationship.
The umbrella themes of "Am I good enough?" or "Am I worthy?" often manifest in anxieties around money, body image, looks, intelligence, socio-economic status, education, what kind of car I drive, how large my house is, etc.
Self-worth presents itself as "Am I deserving of being in a loving relationship, or committed/monogamous relationship?" or "I am unloveable."
Anxieties unique to men
From a stereotypical heterosexist point of view, men often feel the weight of needing to carry the financial load in a relationship. Fears and insecurities around money and being able to provide for another person or support a family can cause men to be anxious and even avoid relationships altogether.
Some men think they can't be in a relationship until they are set in their careers and own a home and have significant savings in the bank.
I think this is less true nowadays, but some men might also have fears of being a good father. This is often due to their lack of having a good parenting role model and especially the case if they had a challenging childhood and experienced child abuse.
There are potential external and internal factors that may explain or contribute to our understanding as to why a man pulls away when he falls in love.
His behavior is rooted in anxiety
Most commonly, his behavior is rooted in anxiety: conscious or unconscious. The unconscious explanations are likely to do with his attachment style – the deep-seated relationship template from his relationship with his parents during significant developmental stages. His sudden withdrawal and change in behavior may replicate/ mimic an "insecure" or "ambivalent" attachment style from his childhood.
In short, children experience deep emotional (and physical) dependency on parents. When parents are unable to engender a sense of emotional security and model emotional reliability and unconditional love, it creates a relational template that associates "closeness /dependency with instability and unreliability."
So in future adult relationships, the closer a man feels, the more anxious he becomes.
To preempt abandonment
Our brains are prewired to protect us for emotional pain. His feelings of love set off his protective warning system conveying – Pain ahead…beware! His withdrawal serves as a way to preempt abandonment – The psyche prefers and feels less vulnerable to be the leaver than the one left.
While the man may be "unaware" of the deeper-seated anxieties that cause his thoughts and behaviors, he may think and say, "I don't want to be tied down" or "I'm not ready."
He may blame his partner- "You are too smothering," "Your expectations are too high," – all of which may have realistic elements to them, yet it warrants acknowledgment that current relationship dynamic has set off his "unconscious anxiety alarm system."
The "pulling away" is a flight response
This system includes a fight or flight response. The "pulling away" is a flight response. The fleeing is a way to unconsciously protect the self from perceived threats to emotional safety that had been previously experienced.
Listened Marriage and Family Therapist
Depends on the experiences that inform our attachment style
While experiencing love and deep connection is a basic human need, it can be very challenging for some. Love is a place of vulnerability, and how we each approach love in relationships greatly depends on the experiences that inform our attachment style.
These experiences begin in childhood and are altered by emotionally powerful events throughout our lives.
This is particularly true for those who have experienced trauma, such as military service members and first responders, where protecting their emotional core is vital to surviving the demands of the job. Often these men have been conditioned toward an Avoidant Attachment style.
Avoidant attachment style
Characterized by maintaining emotional distance, idealizing self-sufficiency, and dismissing others' emotional needs, men with an Avoidant Attachment style often seek relationships but find emotional intimacy confusing, difficult, and exhausting.
While their careers and life experiences have taught them that this is the best way to cope, it can create challenges in loving relationships. The emotional distance and dismissal can cause them to see a partner's actions and behaviors as needy or clingy.
When we begin to fall in love, our primal need for loving connection comes rushing in. For those with an Avoidant Attachment style, this provokes a great deal of anxiety. Interdependence and the need for another's love are viewed as weak and contradict the cultural conditioning of the strong, independent, and self-reliant man.
Those who have experienced trauma are often confronted with feelings of shame, guilt, and fear. They worry that if their partner were to see them truly, their wounds and their failures, that they would be unlovable, weak, or less of a man.
What's more, military and first responders have long been encouraged to "keep the monster in the box" to protect their loved ones from pain. This "box of monsters" gets carried around every day and keeps them from being able to be close in any form, not just related to their trauma.
Often they have become so disconnected from their own emotional experience that, when the opportunity for deep, meaningful connection arises, they are confronted and challenged by it. They freeze up, and the safest course of action is to retreat from the discomfort.
As he pulls away, our own doubts and fears of separation are activated. We chase, protest, complain, trying to keep them close. Our frantic efforts to re-establish connection only succeed in driving our partner further away.
By acknowledging our own fears, managing our own fears, and respecting our partner's need for independence, we can create a space where he can feel safe.
Mike Ensley, MA, LPCC
Counselor, Ensley Counseling
Guys learn at a young age to be guarded, untrusting, yet accommodating
As men in our culture grow and develop, they are sent very mixed messages about their emotional life. We expect them to be authentic and relational but also still goal-oriented and strong (unaffected).
In a lot of ways, we are still so bad about either shaming or exploiting men when they are vulnerable, or when they don't live up to the "toxic" masculine archetype.
Therefore, a lot of guys learn at a young age to be guarded, untrusting, yet also believe they must be accommodating, make others happy, and meet their needs. They've never been shown how to be authentic or even given space to be.
They don't know how to allow someone else a place in their heart
Then, in an intimate partnership with someone just right for their truest self, they do not know how to allow someone else access to that intimate place in their heart. They themselves don't have access to it. They deeply want to connect, but all of their experience and indoctrination has taught them not to let anyone come that close.
These men have a lot of work to do in accepting the emotional and relational parts of themselves that they've been trained to shut down. Often times, a female partner who attempts to take this on will only find frustration. This is because stepping into that takes the relationship out of an equal and reciprocal place, and ultimately reinforces the shame and control dynamics that drive men to shut down in the first place.
But men can do this work through counseling and connecting with other men who are emotionally open and accepting. These relationships don't carry the same expectation and maintenance that the romantic partnership does.
A good therapist, a (healthy) friend group, and a mentor are essential resources for any man looking to become more emotionally open and accessible.
If you are religious or at least open to religion, a church can be a good place to start. Many of the large ones actively promote these kinds of resources.
If not, a therapist is a great place to start. And they can often help you out in getting connected elsewhere.
Self Empowerment Expert | Certified Life Coach
Different display of affection
Men often pull away after getting close because typically, they display their affection differently than women. From interviewing countless men and other experts in the relationship field, the common consensus has been a man's need for testosterone.
It is the belief that after having heavily emotionally charged situations that are typically getting close to a woman, it lowers their testosterone levels, and they, therefore, need to pull away to rebuild.
Things are moving too quickly
Often, when men pull away, they come back much stronger than before. Another reason that they pull away is if they feel as though things are moving too quickly, and they want to reassess the situation as to whether or not they even want the relationship.
It has been said that men grow closer to women when they are apart. The opposite is typically true for women that we grow closer through actually spending time and having emotional intimacy.
To build up their emotional bank
Men pull away to refocus, to build up their "emotional bank," and lastly when they are no longer interested. We are in a culture where people have created terms like breadcrumbing and ghosting for a reason.
The supply seems higher with dating literally at your fingertips through apps. For that reason, many men pull away because they are simply exploring their options. The woman that they are pulling away from simply did not make it to the top position in their rotation or warrant them being exclusive.
Shannon Smith
Head of Public Relations & Communications, Plenty of Fish
Earlier this year, we surveyed over 2,000 singles in the United States about the primary pressures they face in today's dating climate. The study found that 31% of singles second-guess when to define a relationship as exclusive, and over ¼ (26%) second guess whether or not the person they're dating is the one.
This data shows that singles second-guess themselves often, and it could be a possible explanation for why some take a step back in a relationship.
Below are three other possible reasons why men may be pulling away or avoiding a serious relationship:
He's never been in a serious relationship before
It's entirely possible that he is unfamiliar with these new feelings and is getting spooked. He may be pulling away from the relationship because he's feeling overwhelmed.
The timing just isn't right
If he's recently ended a long-term relationship, he may be hesitant to get into another one right away due to low confidence or because he's not entirely over the previous one, and therefore isn't quite ready to commit.
He's not looking for anything serious
He might not be the committing type and wants to keep his options open, or simply doesn't see the relationship lasting long-term, and is having trouble communicating that. Instead of being direct and verbalizing his feelings or ending the relationship, he may slowly distance himself to avoid an awkward, honest conversation.
An evolutionarily developed trigger of fear
Some men pull away when they are falling in love because of an evolutionarily developed unconscious trigger of fear. Our ancestor's survival demanded good mating decisions. This archaic trigger appears to be activated in modern times in men that associate the feeling of falling in love with rejection (vulnerability means danger) or constriction (commitment mean loss of power and choice).
Almost always, this is a family of origin issue.
Rabbi Shlomo Slatkin, MS, LCPC
Certified Imago Therapist, The Marriage Restoration Project
There are multiple reasons why men pull away when they are falling in love.
A defense mechanism
For some, getting too close can be uncomfortable, eliciting emotions of fear, which result in withdrawal. It could be that they never had such a close relationship, so it is new to them.
Others pull away precisely because of past experiences. If a man had a previously close relationship and was rejected, it is easier to be the one to pull away and reject than re-experience the pain on the receiving end.
Finally, those men who had an insecure attachment with their parents growing up can also pull away when things get to close. Closeness is just not safe, so when the relationship begins to progress, they will only let it go so far.
Thus, it can be a defensive mechanism to protect oneself.
Rori Sassoon
Relationship Expert | Co-Owner, Platinum Poire
If a man is pulling away when he is definitely in love, it could mean the following:
- He is either scared to get hurt, (fear) that stems from past relationships/family. Financially or emotionally, he is not ready (timing).
- They may be fresh out of a relationship.
- He is afraid that this love could be the real deal, and he will mess it up (self-sabotage).
They'd rather convince themselves that the person or the timing is not right than do the work to make it happen.
Behavioral Relationship Expert
Men pull away because of their own fear.
Whether it is self-doubt that they can sustain the relationship or a fear of feeling responsible for the emotional state of their mate, the issue is really an internal one.
A man might fear getting hurt, making the wrong choice, or being overwhelmed by his own emotions. Even if they think their partner may be "the one," they may still feel the need to create some distance.
This is definitely not a symptom all men experience in falling in love.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can men and women have different emotional processes when falling in love?
Yes, men and women can go through different emotional processes when they fall in love. While everyone is unique and processes emotions differently, men and women tend to express and process emotions differently.
Women tend to be more expressive and vocal about their feelings. In contrast, men tend to be more reserved and less likely to express their emotions openly.
This doesn't mean that men are less emotional than women, but they may have different ways of expressing and processing their emotions.
It's important to recognize and respect these differences and to communicate openly and honestly about what each person needs in a relationship.
Understanding and respecting each other's emotional processes can build a stronger and more fulfilling relationship.
Can pulling away when falling in love indicates a lack of emotional intelligence?
Pulling away when falling in love can signify a lack of emotional intelligence, but it's important to recognize that everyone processes emotions differently.
Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to recognize, understand and manage one's own emotions and the emotions of others.
People with low emotional intelligence may struggle to express their feelings and needs in healthy and constructive ways, leading them to pull away or avoid vulnerability and intimacy.
Talking with your partner about their behavior and working together to address underlying emotional intelligence issues is important. This may require consulting a therapist or counselor to improve communication and understanding between partners.
Remember that a relationship requires effort and commitment from both partners, and it's important to be open and honest about your needs and concerns.
When you work together and respect each other's needs and boundaries, you can build a strong and fulfilling relationship based on trust, understanding, and respect.
How can I support a man who is pulling away when he is falling in love?
If you notice your partner pulling away when he falls in love, it's important to support and understand him. Recognize that falling in love can be a scary and vulnerable experience and that everyone processes emotions differently.
Avoid pressuring your partner or making him feel guilty for needing space.
Instead, give him the time and space he needs to process his feelings. Focus on building a strong foundation of trust and open communication.
Let him know that you're there for him and that you support him no matter what. This can contribute to a stronger and more fulfilling relationship in the long run.
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In today's competitive market place, being able to retain top talent can be one of the greatest challenges facing People and Culture teams.
What tools or processes do you have in your arsenal to ensure you are keeping your top talent inspired and incentivised to stay?
An open and transparent succession plan is a great way to give top talent a reason to pursue their career within your organisation rather than elsewhere.
What is "Succession planning"?
Succession planning is really just a process for identifying and developing talent to fill key positions in your company – particularly when you have key personnel leave and need to quickly replace them.
If your talent knows that they're a potential candidate for a leadership position, they're probably going to feel more secure in their role, strive to perform better to make that promotion a reality and are less likely to look elsewhere to grow their career.
Where do you start?
For succession planning to work effectively, utilising a system that measures and captures performance and potential based on your organisation culture and expectations would be a good place to start.
From there, having an achievable development plan (which is regularly assessed) will ensure your employee knows what they have to work on to get to that desired role.
It's a great incentive for your staff to perform well. The succession plan provides the "carrot" to drive employees to achieve their performance goals.
Check out this webinar on jump starting your succession plans for more tips for how to retain top talent.
How do I communicate plans to staff & line management?
One simple method to easily visualise your succession plans is to utilise your org chart, as succession planning is directly related to your organisational hierarchy. Share the chart with the relevant personnel (generally just for their team, rather than for the whole organisation) to keep them informed of where they sit within the organisation, now and in the potential future.
How are you managing succession plans within your organisation?


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Here are some key points to know if you are experiencing difficulty at work due to your accent.
1) Know your audience. When speaking with familiar people, you may find you have no trouble communicating. The people you speak to on a regular basis are used to your accent and the types of technical vocabulary you use. However, when speaking with someone new, especially over the phone or internet, you may need to pay more attention to your speech in order to be understood. Be aware of the types of words you use, and check to make sure your listener is on the same page.
2) Know your issues. This may be a challenge for you, or you may already know which sounds, words, and speaking situations tend to be the most difficult for you. If you are not sure, you can take a free screening or have a full assessment to gain a better understanding of how your individual speech patterns affect your communication in English.
3) Make a commitment to improve. It may seem overwhelming to try to change your accent. But it is likely that if you have been living in North America, your speech has gradually been changing the longer you have been surrounded by American English. You can accelerate and take control of your speech changes by committing to learning your patterns, selecting practice targets and implementing a program for change. You may prefer to do so with direct coaching, or you might like to pursue self-study. To learn more about how to achieve your goals, schedule a free consultation today.


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On Persistence in Mutual Fund Performance
J. OF FINANCE, Vol. 52 No. 1, March 1997
Posted: 15 Jan 1997
Using a sample free of survivor bias, I demonstrate that common factors in stock returns and investment expenses almost completely explain persistence in equity mutual funds' mean and risk-adjusted returns. Hendricks, Patel and Zeckhauser's (1993) "hot hands" result is mostly driven by the one-year momentum effect of Jegadeesh and Titman (1993), but individual funds do not earn higher returns from following the momentum strategy in stocks. The only significant persistence not explained is concentrated in strong underperformance by the worst-return mutual funds. The results do not support the existence of skilled or informed mutual fund portfolio managers.
JEL Classification: G11
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


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Mental health services in Ethiopia: emerging public health
Appunni, Sathiya Susuman
MetadataShow full item record
Summary: Objectives: Examine the mental health issues in Ethiopia in relation to services offered in this direction. Study Design: Retrospective. Methods: Results of the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey and other secondary data sources were explore dimensions of to understand the mental health issues. Results: The average prevalence of mental disorders in Ethiopia was 18 % for adults and 15% for children. People are now more than ever aware of the importance of mental health. Families now do not need much agitation to seek medical help for their mentally ill members. Unfortunately, the mental health services are available only in Addis Ababa the capital city of Ethiopia. By consequence, a large number of the adolescent is homeless, and lives on the street. Low status of women in Ethiopia underpins and often directly undermines utilization of reproductive health services. Even though, the policy makers or research managers are giving more importance to the reproductive health issues. But, mental health services are emerging issues which determines the development goals of the country. Conclusion: A critical requirement for the mental health promotion is to have information, increase mental health services, trained skilled workers, education and self-confidence to access available services. The key policy rapid actions needed.
This is the post-print version of the article published available online at


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Protect Appalachia's Water from Mountaintop Removal
In the wake of a devastating chemical spill in West Virginia and decades of damaged water from mountaintop removal mining and other coal industry abuses, citizens have won a huge victory for our water and our future.
A federal appeals court stated that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers are authorized to do their jobs and protect Appalachian communities from mountaintop removal.
This decision gives EPA the opening they need to create a federal rule that supersedes the corruption of state politicians and that has enough teeth to make a real difference in Appalachian communities.
It's time to seal the deal. Tell EPA to protect our water and our future!


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Wine Culture and Information since 2002 - Volume 22
DiWineTaste Podcast
Best Wine of Summer 2020: Sicilia Nero d'Avola Riserva Don Antonio 2016, Morgante
One of the very first Nero d'Avola wines to have an extraordinary planetary success, Don Antonio is still today a reference wine for Sicilian enology
When in 1998 the very first vintage of Morgante's Don Antonio was poured in the glasses of wine lovers all over the world, it got an extraordinary success in a very short time thanks to its impeccable quality. Among the first wines from Nero d'Avola to become famous beyond the borders of Sicily, after many years the charm and excellence of Don Antonio remain a flagship wine for the whole Italian enology.
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