text:
The Great War Timeline - 1917
3rd January
- Focsani (Rumania) taken by German forces.
- First units of Portuguese Expeditionary Force land in France (see August 8th, 1916, and June 17th, 1917).
- Action of Beho-Beho (East Africa) begins (see 4th).
- General Sir Douglas Haig promoted Field-Marshal (see December 19th, 1915).
4th January
- Russian battleship "Peresvyet" sunk by mine off Port Said.
- Action of Beho-Beho ends (see 3rd).
5th January
- Braila (Rumania) taken by German forces.
- Inter-Allied Conference assembles in Rome to discuss co-operation, and the questions of Macedonia, Greece, the command of the Salonika expedition and to convene a shipping conference. (Discussions continued on the 6th and 7th.)
6th January
- Last Russian and Rumanian forces evacuate the Dobrudja (see August 25th, 1916, and December 3rd, 1918).
- "lnter-Allied Chartering Committee" established for chartering shipping (see December 3rd, 1916 and November 3rd, 1917).
8th January
- M. Trepov, Russian Premier, resigns and is succeeded by Prince Golitsin (see November 24th, 1916 and March 13th, 1917).
9th January
- Battle of Kut, 1917, begins (see December 13th, 1916 and February 23rd and 24th, 1917).
- Action of Rafah (Sinai). Last Turkish troops in Sinai recross the frontier (see January 26th, 1915).
- H.M.S. "Cornwallis" sunk by submarine in Mediterranean.
10th January
- Entente Governments send joint reply to President Wilson's Note. Allied war aims outlined (see December 18th, 1916).
- Belgian Government reply, to President Wilson's Note placing themselves in hands of Allies (see December 18th, 1916 and September 15th, 1918).
11th January
- Settlement Treaty signed at Berlin between Germany and Turkey (see April 10th, 1918).
- Austro-Hungarian and German Governments issue Note repudiating responsibility for continuance of war, and declaring that they will prosecute the war to successful end (see December 12th and 30th, 1916, and September 15th, 1918) .
14th January
- Japanese battle cruiser "Tsukuba" sunk by internal explosion in harbour.
15th January
- ltaly accedes to Franco-British Convention as to naval "prizes" (see November 9th, 1914).
17th January
- General Shuvaev, Russian Minister for War, resigns and is succeeded by General Byelyaev (see March 29th, 1916, and March 13th, 1917).
- lnter-Allied Conference ["Commission de Ravitaillement"] (Russia, France, Great Britain and Italy represented) assembles at Petrograd to discuss war policy, finance, supplies and co-operation (see February 20th).
19th January
- German Government send instructions to German Minister in Mexico (von Eckhardt) to negotiate alliance with Mexico and Japan against the United States (see February 28th).
20th January
- General Hoskins succeeds General Smuts in command of British forces, East Africa (see February 19th, 1916 and May 30th, 1917).
23rd January
- Harwich flotilla action with German 6th torpedo boat flotilla in the North Sea: H.M.S. "Simoom" sunk.
24th January
- Wejh (Arabia) captured by Arab forces.
- Greek Government make formal apology to the Allies for the occurrences of December 1st, 1916.
- Allied Naval Conference held in London as to policy in Mediterranean (see November 30th).
25th January
- Southwold and Wangford on the Suffolk coast shelled by German destroyers.
27th January
- M. Pokrovski, Russian Foreign Minister, resigns (see December 12th, 1916 and March 15th, 1917).
31st January
- German Government announce forthcoming "unrestricted" submarine warfare and threaten to sink hospital ships (see February 1st).
1st February
- German "unrestricted submarine warfare" begins (see January 31st).
- Norwegian Government forbid all foreign submarines to use Norwegian territorial waters (see October 13th, 1916).
3rd February
- United States of America sever diplomatic relations with Germany (see April 6th).
- Affairs in the Siwa Oasis (West Egypt) begin (see 5th).
4th February
- Sa'id Halim, Turkish Grand Vizier, resigns [Appointed in 1913.]: succeeded by Talaat Pasha (see October 13th, 1918).
5th February
- Affairs in the Siwa Oasis end (see 3rd and 8th).
8th February
- British operations against the Senussi come to an and (see 5th, and November 23rd, 1915).
13th February
- Scandinavian Governments' joint protest against German submarine warfare published.
14th February
- British Government inform Japanese Government that they will support Japanese claims to German possessions north of the Equator if it is understood that Japan will support similar British claims south of the Equator (see December 16th, 1914).
- British Government give pledge in House of Commons that the restitution of Alsace-Lorraine is an object of the war (see November 15th).
17th February
- Australian War Government formed.
20th February
- Inter-Allied Conference ["Commission de Ravitaillement"] at Petrograd dissolves (see January 17th).
23rd February
- Kut reoccupied by British forces (see 24th, and January 9th).
24th February
- Battle of Kut, 1917, ends. Turkish Army retreats from Kut (see 23rd and January 9th).
25th February
- German forces withdraw from front line positions on the Ancre as part of the withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line. (see November 18th, 1916 and March 14th, 1917).
- The pursuit to Baghdad begins (see 24th and March 11th).
- German destroyer raid on Margate and Broadstairs (see March 18th).
- British S.S. "Laconia" sunk by submarine (see 27th).
26th February
- President Wilson in address to Congress asks for power to arm merchant ships (see February 21st, 1916 and March 12th, 1917).
- Anglo-French Conference assembles at Calais to discuss operations, the co-operation of the armies and the co-ordination of operations by the French Commander-in-Chief (continued on 27th) (see March 12th).
27th February
- President Wilson states that he considers sinking of "Laconia" the "overt act" for which he was waiting (see 25th and april 6th).
28th February
- German proposals to Mexico for alliance against the United States published in the American Press (see January 19th).
1st March
- British hospital ship "Glenart Castle" damaged by mine between Havre and Southampton (see February 26th, 1918).
2nd March
- Hamadan (Western Persia) recaptured by Russian forces (see August 10th, 1916, and March 16th, 1918).
7th March
- Passage of the Diyala (near Baghdad) (7th/10th).
8th March
- Count Zeppelin dies.
11th March
- Baghdad occupied by British forces (see February 25th).
- Kirmanshah (Western Persia) again taken by Russian forces (see July 1st, 1916 and February 25th, 1918).
- Allied Offensive in Macedonia to free Monastir begins (see 23rd).
12th March
- Russian Revolution begins (see 13th, 14th and 15th).
- United States Government announce arming of all merchant vessels in the war zone (see February 26th).
- Anglo-French Conference assembles in London to discuss relations of British and French commanders in the Western Theatre and employment of prisoners of war in the fighting zone (see February 26th, 1917 and March 26th, 1918).
13th March
- Prince Golitsin, Russian Premier, removed from office by Revolutionary party (see 12th, 15th, and January 8th).
- General Byelyaev, Russian Minister for War, removed from office by Revolutionary party (see 12th, 15th, and January 17th).
14th March
- German forces withdraw from the Somme sector to the Hindenburg Line (see February 25th and April 5th).
- Action of Mushaidiya (Mesopotamia).
- New Provisional Government proclaimed in Russia (see 12th, 22nd and November 8th).
- China severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see August 14th).
15th March
- Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia, abdicates (see 12th, and July 16th, 1918).
- Prince Lvov appointed Russian Premier (see 13th, 14th and July 19th).
- M. Milyukov appointed Russian Foreign Minister (see 14th, January 27th, and May 16th).
- General Guchkov appointed Russian Minister for War (see 13th, 14th, and May 16th).
16th March
- Action between German raider "Leopard" and H.M.S. "Achilles" and Armed Boarding Steamer "Dundee": "Leopard" sunk.
- Mutiny breaks out in Russian Baltic Fleet (see 12th, and June 21st).
17th March
- Roye occupied by French forces (see August 30th, 1914 and March 26th, 1918).
- Bapaume occupied by British forces (see September 26th, 1914 and March 24th, 1918).
- German airship "L.-39" destroyed at Compiègne when returning from raid on England.
- Karind (West Persia) occupied by Russian forces.
- M. Briand, French Premier and Minister for Foreign affairs, resigns (see 20th and October 30th, 1915).
- General Roques, French Minister for War, resigns (see 20th and March 16th, 1916).
18th March
- German destroyer raid on Ramsgate and Broadstairs (see April 26th).
- Péronne and Noyon occupied by Allied forces (see September 21st, 24th and 25th, 1914; and March 24th and 25th, 1918).
19th March
- French battleship "Danton" sunk by submarine in Mediterranean.
20th March
- M. Ribot succeeds M. Briand as French Premier and Minister for Foreign Affairs (see 17th, December 12th, 1916, and September 9th, 1917).
- M. Painlevé appointed French Minister for War (see 17th, September 12th and November 14th).
- First meeting of British Imperial War Conference (see December 19th, 1916).
21st March
- British hospital ship "Asturias" torpedoed off Start Point.
22nd March
- Provisional Government in Russia recognised by Great Britain, France, Italy, United States of America, Rumania, and Switzerland (see 14th).
- German raider "Moewe" returns to Kiel from her second cruise (see November 26th, 1916).
23rd March
- Allied Offensive in Macedonia ends (see 11th).
24th March
- British offensive into Palestine begins (see 26th).
25th March
- Qasr-i-Shirin (Western Persia) again taken by Russian forces (see June 20th, 1916 and July 8th, 1917).
26th March
- First Battle of Gaza begins (see 27th).
27th March
- First Battle of Gaza ends (see 26th, and April 17th).
30th March
- Russian Provisional Government Issue Proclamation acknowledging the Independence of Poland (see 14th, November 5th, 1916 and April 5th, 1917).
- British hospital ship "Gloucester Castle" torpedoed between Havre and Southampton, but towed in.
31st March
- The Emperor of Austria makes secret proposal, conveyed in a letter to prince Sixte of Bourbon, to the French President (M. Poincaré) to open conversations with a view to peace (see April 11th, 1918).
3rd April
- H.M.S. "Jason" (torpedo gunboat) sunk by mine off west coast of Scotland.
4th April
- Khanaqin (North-East of Baghdad) again occupied by Russian forces.
5th April
- German withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line completed (see March 14th).
- British Government inform Russian Provisional Government of their adherence to the principle of an independent and united Poland (see March 30th and September 13th, 1916, and January 10th, 1917).
6th April
- United States of America declare war on Germany (see February 3rd).
7th April
- Cuba and Panama declare war on Germany.
8th April
- Austria-Hungary severs diplomatic relations with United States of America, (see December 7th).
9th April
- Battles of Arras 1917 as part of the Allied Artois and Champagne Offensive begin with Battle of Vimy Ridge (see 14th) and First Battle of the Scarpe 1917 (see 23rd and May 4th).
Battles of the Western Front: Allied Spring Offensive in Artois & Champagne
- Admiral Sims, United States Navy, arrives in England (see June 18th).
- Russian Provisional Government (see March 14th) issue Proclamation to Allied Governments declaring in favour of self-determination of peoples and a durable peace.
10th April
- British hospital ship."Salta" mined off Havre.
- Bulgaria severs diplomatic relations with the United States of America.
11th April
- Brazil severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see October 26th).
13th April
- Bolivia severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
14th April
- Battle of Vimy Ridge and First Battle of the Scarpe end (see 9th).
16th April
- French 1917 Offensive begins with the Second Battle of the Aisne or Nivelle Offensive (see 20th).
Battles of the Western Front: Allied Spring Offensive in Artois & Champagne
17th April
- "Battle of the Hills" ("La Bataille des Monts") also called the Third Battle of Champagne (Champagne) begins (see 20th).
Battles of the Western Front: Allied Spring Offensive in Artois & Champagne
- Second Battle of Gaza begins (see 19th and March 27th).
- Japanese flotillas join Allied forces in the Mediterranean (see February 8th, 1916 and November 15th, 1917).
- British ambulance transports "Lanfranc" and "Donegal" torpedoed and sunk in English Channel.
19th April
- Second Battle of Gaza ends (see 17th and October 27th).
20th April
- French Offensive stopped (see 16th): Second Battle of the Aisne and "Battle of the The Hills" end (see 16th and 17th).
- Second German destroyer raid on Straits of Dover (night 20th /21st). Action by the "Swift" and "Broke" (see October 26th, 1916 and February 15th, 1918).
- Turkey severs diplomatic relations with the United States of America.
22nd April
- Action of Istabulat (Mesopotamia) (21st/22nd).
23rd April
- Second Battle of the Scarpe 1917 (Arras) (23rd/24th) (see 9th and May 3rd).
Battles of the Western Front: Allied Spring Offensive in Artois & Champagne
24th April
- Samarra (Mesopotamia) taken by British forces (23rd/24th).
- First Battle of Doiran begin (first phase 24th/25th) (see, May 9th).
25th April
- Dr. A. Augusto da Costa succeeds Dr. A. J. d'Almeida as Portuguese Premier (see March 15th, 1916 and December 10th, 1917).
26th April
- Second German destroyer raid on Ramsgate (night 26th/27th) (see March 18th).
27th April
- Guatemala severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see April 23rd, 1918).
28th April
- United States Congress pass Bill for raising 500,000 men (see 6th and May 18th).
- Battle of Arleux (Arras) (28th/29th).
Battles of the Western Front: Allied Spring Offensive in Artois & Champagne
29th April
- General Pétain appointed Chief of French General Staff (see December 3rd, 1915 and May 15th, 1917).
30th April
- Mush (Armenia) occupied by Turkish forces (see August 24th, 1916).
2nd May
- First United States destroyer flotilla arrives at Queenstown (see June 18th).
- Third Battle of the Scarpe 1917 (Arras), begins (see 4th, and April 23rd).
- Battle of Bullecourt begins (see 17th).
Battles of the Western Front: Allied Spring Offensive in Artois & Champagne
- Professor Lambros, Greek Premier, resigns and is succeeded by M. Zaimis (see October 10th, 1916 and June 24th, 1917).
4th May
- Craonne (Aisne) retaken by French forces (see September 1st, 1914, April 16th, 1917 and May 27th, 1918).
- End of Third Battle of the Scarpe, 1917 (see 3rd) brings Battles of Arras, 1917, to an end (see April 9th).
5th May
- Battle of the Vardar (Macedonia) begins (see 22nd).
- Liberia severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see August 4th).
7th May
- First night air raid on London. Single aeroplane by moonlight (see November 28th, 1916 and September 4th, 1917 and May 19th, 1918).
9th May
- First Battle of Doiran ends (second phase 8th/9th) (see April 24th, 1917 and September 18th, 1918).
10th May
- Major-General J. Pershing appointed to command United States Expeditionary Force (see June 8th).
12th May
- Tenth Battle of the Isonzo begins (see June 8th).
14th May
- German airship "L.-22" destroyed in North Sea by British warships.
15th May
- Action between Austrian and British naval light forces in the Straits of Otranto: 14 British drifters sunk.
- General Pétain succeeds General Nivelle as Commander-in-Chief of French Northern and North-Eastern Groups of Armies (see April 29th, 1917 and November 19th, 1918).
- General Foch succeeds General Pétain as Chief of the French General Staff of French Ministry of War (see October 8th, 1914 and November 27th, 1917).
16th May
- M. Kerenski succeeds General Guchkov as Russian Minister for War (see March 15th and November 8th).
- M. Tereshchenko succeeds M. Milyukov as Russian Foreign minister (see March 15th and November 8th).
17th May
- Battle of Bullecourt ends (see 3rd).
- Honduras severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see July 19th, 1918).
- The British Admiralty, following on a Cabinet decision, appoint a Committee, in conjunction with the Ministry of Shipping, to draw up a plan to convoy merchant ships (see June 14th and July 2nd).
18th May
- Compulsory Service Act becomes law in the United States of America (see April 28th).
- Nicaragua severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see May 8th, 1918).
19th May
- Russian Provisional Government issue declaration repudiating a separate peace.
- United States Government announce decision to send a Division of the United States Army to France at once (see June 25th).
20th May
- Serbian Govermnent transferred from Corfu to Salonika (see February 9th, 1916 and December 9th, 1918).
22nd May
- Battle of the Yardar ends (see 5th).
23rd May
- Count Tisza, Hungarian Premier, resigns [Appointed June 10th 1913.] (see June 15th, 1917, aud October 31st, 1918).
25th May
- First great aeroplane raid on England (Kent and Folkestone) to cause heavy casualties. Total 290, over half civilians (see December 21st, 1914 and July 20th and August 5th, 1918).
26th May
- British hospital ship "Dover Castle" sunk by submarine in the Mediterranean.
28th May
- Anglo-French Conference assembles in London to discuss the deposition of King Constantine of Greece and the occupation of Athens and Thessaly (continued on 29th) (see June 11th).
29th May
- Vossuq ed Douleh, Persian Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, resigns (see August 29th, 1916, June 6th, 1917, and August 7th, 1918).
30th May
- General van Deventer succeeds General Hoskins in command of British forces in East Africa (see January 20th).
3rd June
- Italy proclaims Protectorate over an independent Albania.
4th June
- General Brusilov succeeds General Alexeiev as Russian Commander-in-Chief (see September 5th, 1915 and August 1st, 1917).
5th June
- German daylight aeroplane raid on Sheerness and the Naval establishments on the Medway.
6th June
- Ala es Sultaneh again appointed Persian Prime Minister and Foreign Minister (see May 29th and November 24th, 1917 and January 19th, 1918).
7th June
- Battle of Messines 1917 begins as an Allied offensive in Flanders (see 14th and November 1st, 1914). The battle was launched in the early hours of the morning with the blowing of 19 mines by the British Army, the largest of which is now known as Spanbroekmolen Mine Crater (or Lone Tree Crater).
8th June
- Tenth Battle of the Isonzo ends (see May 12th).
- Janina (Greece) occupied by Italian forces.
- Major-General Pershing arrives in England (see 13th and May 10th).
9th June
- Russian Provisional Government refuse a German proposal for an unlimited armistice.
11th June
- Entente Governments present demand to Greek Government for abdication of King Constantine (see 12th and May 28th).
- Santo Domingo severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
12th June
- King Constantine of Greece abdicates in favour of his second son, Prince Alexander (see 11th).
- Corinth and Larissa occupied by Entente forces.
13th June
- Great German daylight aeroplane raid on London; 157 killed and 432 injured (see November 28th, 1916 and July 7th, 1917).
- Major-General Pershing arrives in France (see 8th and May 10th).
14th June
- Battle of Messines, 1917, ends (see 7th and April 10th, 1918).
- German airship "L.-43" destroyed in the North Sea.
- The British Admiralty Formally approve, scheme for convoying merchant ships (see May 17th aud July 2nd).
15th June
- Count Esterhazy appointed Hungarian Premier (see May 23rd and August 9th).
16th June
- Haiti severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see July 12th, 1918).
17th June
- Portuguese troops in action on Western Front for the first time (see August 8th, 1916 and January 3rd, 1917).
- German airship "L.-48" destroyed by aeroplane at Theberton in Suffolk.
18th June
- Admiral Sims, United States Navy, hoists his flag at Queenstown as acting Commander-in-Chief Irish Command (see April 9th and May 2nd).
- Count Clam-Martinitz, Austrian Premier, resigns (see 23rd and December 21st, 1916).
19th June
- General Currie appointed to command Canadian troops in France.
21st June
- Mutiny breaks out in the Russian Black Sea Fleet at Sevastopol (see March 16th, 1917 and May 1st, 1918).
23rd June
- Dr. Ernst Ritter von Seidler appointed Austrian Premier (see 18th and June 21st, 1918).
- M. Zaimis, Greek Premier, resigns (see May 3rd and June 26th).
25th June
- First contingent of United States troops arrives in France (see May 19th).
26th June
- M. Venizelos appointed Greek Premier (see 24th and 27th and October 5th, 1915).
27th June
- M. Venizelos assumes power at Athens. Diplomatic relations severed with Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey. Declaration of War by Provisional Government against Germany and Bulgaria of November 23rd, 1916, becomes effective for the whole of Greece. "State of War" also begins between Greece and Austria-Hungary and between Greece and Turkey (see 26th).
- French cruiser "Kléber" sunk by submarine off Brest.
28th June
- General Allenby succeeds General Sir A. Murray as General Officer Commanding in Egypt (see March 19th, 1916).
29th June
- Russian Summer Offensive begins (see July 18th).
1st July
- Manchu Emperor (Hsuan-Fung) restored in China (see June 6th, 1916 and July 6th and 7th, 1917).
2nd July
- Agreement signed at The Hague for the exchange of combatant and civilian British and German prisoners of war (see May 13th, 1916).
- First regular convoy of merchant ships sails from Hampton Roads (Va.) [Experimental convoys had been tried in May. Convoys outward from Great Britain did not start till August.] (see May 17th and June 14th).
4th July
- Ponta Delgada (Azores) shelled by a German submarine.
- Concerted attack by German submarines on United States transports defeated.
6th July
- Aqaba (Arabia) occupied by Arab forces.
- Conscription Bill carried in Canadian House of Commons (see October 12th).
- Li-Yuan-Hung, President of China, resigns and is succeeded by Feng-Kuo-Chang (see June 6th, 1916, July 7th, 1917 and October 11th, 1918).
7th July
- Severe aeroplane raid on England (Margate and London; casualties 250, mostly civilian: last on London by daylight) (see November 28th, and August 22nd, 1916 and May 19th and July 20th, 1918).
- Manchu Emperor abdicates (see 1st and 6th).
8th July
- Russian forces begin withdrawal from Western Persia; Qasr-i-Shirin evacuated (see May 7th, 1916, March 25th, 1917 and January 8th, 1918).
9th July
- H.M.S. "Vanguard" sunk by internal explosion in harbour.
11th July
- British attack on Ramadi (Mesopotamia) (11th/14th).
14th July
- Herr von Bethmann-Holweg, German Imperial Chancellor, resigns (appointed July 14th, 1909): succeeded by Dr. Michaelis (see October 30th).
15th July
- Dr. Artur von Zimmermann, German Foreign Minister, resigns (see November 21st, 1916, and August 5th, 1917).
17th July
- Proclamation issued changing name of British Royal House to Windsor.
18th July
- German Counter-Offensive on the Eastern Front: Battle of East Galicia begins (see 28th and June 29th).
19th July
- Action of Narungombe (East Africa).
- Sir Edward Carson, First Lord of the Admiralty, Great Britain, tenders his resignation (see December 12th, 1916 and September 6th, 1917).
- The Reichstag passes Resolution as to German War Aims (see January 24th, 1918).
- M. Kerenski succeeds Prince Lvov as Premier of Russia temporarily (see March 15th and August 6th).
22nd July
- Battle of Marasesti (Rumania) begins (see August 1st).
- Siam declares war on Germany and Austria-Hungary.
24th July
- Stanislau (see August 10th, 1916) and Tarnopol in Galicia retaken by Austro-German forces (see 18th).
25th July
- Full Inter-Allied Conference assembles in Paris to discuss the Balkan situation, with military, naval and political committees to discuss plans in view of a probable collapse of Russia (Conference continued on 26th).
27th July
- Agreement concluded between French and Italian Governments defining respective zones of influence in Asia Minor (see August 18th).
28th July
- Battle of East Galicia ends (see 18th).
- Tank Corps formed in British Army (see September 15th, 1916).
30th July
- Zaleszczyki (Galicia) recaptured by austro-German forces (see June 12th, 1916).
31st July
- Battles of Ypres 1917 begin with Battle of Pilckem Ridge (see August 2nd and November 10th, 1917 and May 25th, 1915).
1st August
- End of first phase of Battle of Marasesti (see July 22nd).
- General Kornilov succeeds General Brusilov as Russian Commander-in-Chief (see June 4th and September 8th).
- The Pope sends Note to belligerent Governments appealing for peace (see July 30th, 1915).
2nd August
- Battle of Pilckem Ridge (Ypres) ends (see July 31st)
- German commerce raider "Seeadler" wrecked on Mopelia Island (Pacific) (see November 22nd, 1916).
3rd August
- Czernowitz (Bukovina) retaken by Austro-German forces (see June 17th, 1916).
- Mutiny breaks out in German Fleet at Wilhelmshaven (see November 3rd, 1918).
4th August
- Liberia declares war on Germany (see May 5th, 1917 and April 10th, 1918).
- Baron de Broqueville resigns as Belgian Minister for bear (appointed February 28th, 1914) and succeeds Baron Beyens as Minister for Foreign Affairs (see January 18th, 1916, and January 1st, 1918). Lieut.-General A. de Ceuninck appointed Minister for War (see November 21st, 1918).
5th August
- Herr Richard von Kuhlmann appointed German Foreign Minister (see July 15th, 1917 and July 9th, 1918).
6th August
- Second phase of Battle of Marasesti begins (see 1st, and September 3rd).
- M. Kerenski definitely appointed Prime Minister of Russia (see July 19th, September 10th and November 8th).
9th August
- Count Esterhazy, Hungarian Premier, resigns (see 21st and June 15th).
10th August
- British Labour Party decide to send delegates to a "consultative" Conference at Stockholm (see 13th).
13th August
- British Government refuse passports for Stockholm Conference (see 10th).
14th August
- China declares war on Germany and Austria-Hungary (see march 14th).
15th August
- Battle of Hill 70 (Lens) begins (see 25th).
16th August
- Battle of Langemarck 1917 (Ypres), begins (see 18th).
17th August
- Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo begins (see September 12th).
- M. Cochin succeeded by M. Métin as French Under-Secretary for Blockade (see March 20th, 1916 and November 16th, 1917).
18th August
- Battle of Langemarck, 1917 (Ypres), ends (see 16th).
- British, French, and Italian Governments conclude provisional arrangement with regard to future policy in Asia Minor (see May 16th, 1916 and July 27th, 1917).
20th August
- "Second Offensive Battle" of Verdun begins [French name and dates.] (see December 15th, 1917 and December 18th, 1916).
21st August
- Dr. Wekerle appointed Hungarian Premier (see 9th and April 17th, 1918).
- German airship "L.-23" destroyed in North Sea.
- Ministry of Reconstruction formed in Great Britain.
22nd August
- Last German aeroplane raid on England by daylight (see July 7th and September 2nd).
25th August
- Battle of Bill 70 (Lens) ends (see 15th).
1st September
- Battle of Riga begins (see 3rd and 5th).
2nd September
- First German aeroplane raid on England by moonlight by more than one aeroplane (see 4th and May 7th).
3rd September
- Battle of Marasesti (Rumania) ends (see August 6th).
- Riga captured by German forces (see 1st and 5th and October 16th).
- Severe aeroplane raid on Kent by moonlight (Casualties about 230, mostly military).
4th September
- German aeroplanes for the first time raid London by night in force (see 2nd).
- German submarine bombards Scarborough (Yorkshire).
- Anglo-French Conference assembles in London to discuss the question of military assistance to ltaly. (see 25th).
5th September
- Battle of Riga ends (see 1st and 3rd).
6th September
- Sir Eric Geddes appointed First Lord of the Admiralty, Great Britain (see July 19th).
8th September
- General Kornilov heads revolt against Russian Provisional Government and marches on Petrograd (see 10th and 13th and August 1st).
9th September
- M. Ribot, French Premier and Foreign Minister, resigns (see 12th and March 20th).
10th September
- M. Kerenski assumes Dictatorship of Russia (see August 6th and November 8th) and issues proclamation declaring General Kornilov a traitor (see 8th and 13th).
11th September
- First party of repatriated british prisoners reaches England from Switzerland (see May 13th, 1916).
12th September
- Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo ends (see August 17th).
- M. Painlevé succeeds M. Ribot as French Premier (see 9th and November 14th).
- M. Ribot reappointed French Foreign Minister (see 9th, and October 23rd ).
- Central Powers proclaim grant of temporary Constitution to Poland, (see April 5th and October 15th, 1917 and January 10th, 1918).
13th September
- General Kornilov's revolt collapses (see 8th, 10th and 14th).
14th September
- General Kornilov surrenders to the Provisional Government (see 13th).
15th September
- Russia proclaimed a Republic by the Provisional GoVernment (see 10th).
20th September
- Battle of the Menin Road Ridge (Ypres) begins (see 25th).
- Council of Trans-Caucasian peoples, i.e., Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Daghestan, proclaim Trans-Caucasia a federal Republic (see April 22nd, 1918).
21st September
- Count Bernstorff's correspondence re German intrigues published.
- Costa Rica severs diplomatic relations with Germany (see May 23rd, 1918).
22nd September
- Jakobstadt (Baltic) stormed by German forces (21st/22nd).
25th September
- Battle of the Menin Road Ridge (Ypres) ends (see. 20th).
- Anglo-French Conference assembles in Boulogne to discuss an Italian offensive and the extension of the British front in France (see 4th).
26th September
- Battle of Polygon Wood (Ypres) begins (see October 3rd).
28th September
- Action of Ramadi (Mesopotamia) (28th/29th).
2nd October
- H.M.S. "Drake" sunk by submarine in the North Channel.
3rd October
- Battle of Polygon Wood (Ypres) ends (see September 26th).
4th October
- Battle of Broodseinde (Ypres). The attack by II ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) successfully achieved its objective on the first day of the battle and reached the high ground just below the summit of the Broodseinde Ridge.
5th October
- Peru severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
6th October
- Major-General Pershing, Commanding United States Army in France, promoted to General (see June 13th).
7th October
- Uruguay severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
9th October
- Battle of Poelcapelle (Ypres).
- Hussein Kamel, Sultan of Egypt, dies. Succeeded by Prince Ahmed Fuad, his youngest brother. (See December 19th, 1914).
10th October
- British hospital ship "Goorkha" damaged by mine off Malta.
11th October
- German operations against the Baltic Islands begin (see 12th).
12th October
- First Battle of Passchendaele (Ypres) (see 26th).
- Ösel Island (Baltic) captured by German forces [Operations not completed until the 16th.] (see 11th and 18th).
- Canadian War Cabinet formed.
- Compulsory Service Act comes into operation in Canada (see July 6th).
15th October
- Polish Regency Council appointed (see September 12th).
- Mata Hari (an exotic dancer) shot at dawn (06:00) at the age of 41 by a French firing squad of Zouaves at Caserne de Vincennes on the outskirts of Paris, having been tried as a spy.
16th October
- Action of Nyangao (German East Africa) begins (see 19th).
- Naval action in Gulf of Riga. Russian battleship "Slava" sunk (see September 3rd).
17th October
- Murman cruisers raid convoy in North Sea and sink British destroyers "Strongbow" and "Mary Rose'' (see December 12th).
18th October
- Moon Island and Dagö Island (Baltic) captured by German forces (see 11th and 12th).
19th October
- Action of Nyangao (German East Africa) ends (see 16th).
- Squadron of 11 German airships attack England. ["L.-44" shot down at St. Clement; "L.-46" shot down at Laragne; "L.49" shot down at Bourbonne-les-Bains on October 20th; "L.-50" brought down in the Mediterranean on October 21st.] (Last airship raid on London.) (See May 31st, 1915 and August 5th, 1918).
20th October
- German conquest of the Baltic Islands completed (see 11th, 12th and 18th).
21st October
- Turkish attack on Arab stronghold at Petra repulsed.
23rd October
- Battle of La Malmaison begins (see November 1st).
- M. Barthou succeeds M. Ribot as French Foreign Minister (see September 12th and November 14th).
24th October
- Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo begins: Austro-German offensive (see December 26th).
25th October
- Signor Boselli, Italian Premier, resigns (see 29th and June 15th, 1916).
26th October
- Brazil declares war on Germany (see April 11th).
- Second Battle of Passchendaele (Ypres) begins (see 12th and November 6th and 10th).
27th October
- Third Battle of Gaza begins (see April 19th and November 7th).
28th October
- Gorizia retaken by Austro German forces (see 24th).
- Udine (Venetia) captured by Austro-German forces (see 24th).
29th October
- Signor Orlando appointed Italian Premier (see 25th).
30th October
- Count Hertling succeeds Dr. Michaelis as German lmperial Chancellor (see July 14th, 1917 and September 30th, 1918).
31st October
- The Battle of Beersheba. This battle was part of the British offensive known as the Third Battle of Gaza aimed at breaking the Turkish defensive line that stretched from Gaza to Beersheba. The battle is best known for the charge of the 4th Light Horse Brigade. (see 27th and November 7th)
1st November
- Battle of La Malmaison ends (see October 23rd).
- Ministry of National Service formed in Great Britain (see December 19th, 1916).
2nd November
- Raid by British naval light forces on the Kattegat (see April 15th, 1918).
3rd November
- Arrival of French troops in ltaly announced (see 4th).
- Agreement concluded between British, french and Italian Governments for provision of tonnage for the Allied food programme (see November 10th, 1915, January 6th and December 3rd, 1917).
4th November
- Arrival of British troops in Italy announced (see 3rd and June 30th, 1918).
5th November
- Action of Tikrit (Mesopotamia) (see 6th).
6th November
- Passchendaele captured by British (Canadian) forces (see October 26th, 1917 and April 16th, 1918).
- Tikrit (Mesopotamia) Occupied by British forces (see 5th).
7th November
- Third Battle of Gaza ends (see October 27th).
- Allied Conference at Rapallo. Inception of Supreme War Council (see 27th).
- General Cadorna relieved of the command of the Italian Armies (see May 23rd, 1915 and November 27th, 1917). Succeeded by General Diaz.
8th November
- Bolshevik coup d'état in Petrograd. M. Lenin and M. Trotski assume power. Former succeeds M. Kerenski as Premier and latter succeeds M. Tereshchenko as Foreign Minister (see 13th, May 16th and August 6th).
10th November
- Second Battle of Passchendaele ends (see October 26th) and Battles of Ypres, 1917, end (see July 31st, 1917 and September 28th, 1918).
11th November
- Austro-German forces reach the Piave. (see October 24th).
13th November
- Kerenski's forces defeated by Bolsheviki near Petrograd (see 8th and 15th).
- Action of El Mughar (Palestine).
14th November
- M. Painlevé, French Premier and War Minister, resigns (see 16th, and September 12th).
- M. Barthou, French Foreign Minister, resigns (see 16th and October 23rd).
15th November
- British Government give further pledge in house of Commons that restitution of Alsace-Lorraine is a War Aim (see February 15th).
- Japanese Government unable to comply with request of British Government that two Japanese battle cruisers should join the Grand Fleet in the North Sea (see February 8th, 1916, and April 17th, 1917).
- M. Kerenski flees from Petrograd (see 13th).
16th November
- Jaffa (Palestine) taken by British forces.
- M. Clémenceau appointed French Premier and War Minister (see 14th).
- M. Stephen Pichon appointed French Foreign Minister (see 14th).
- M. Jonnart succeeds M. Métin as French Minister for Blockade [First Minister: formerly Blockade was under an Under-Secretary.] (see 23rd and August 17th).
17th November
- Battle of Nebi Samwil (Palestine) begins (see 24th).
- Light cruiser action off Heligoland.
18th November
- General Sir S. Maude, Commander-in-Chief in Mesopotamia, dies at Baghdad (see August 28th, 1916): succeeded by Lieut.-General Sir W. R. Marshall.
20th November
- Battle of Cambrai 1917 begins (see 30th and December 3rd).
- Ukrainian People's Republic proclaimed (see January 3rd, November 15th and December 26th, 1918).
21st November
- Armistice pourparlers begun by Russian Bolshevik Government with Central Powers (see 8th, 27th and 30th).
- German airship "L.-59" leaves Yambol (Bulgaria) for East Africa [Evidence for this event rests on German statements only.] (see 23rd).
23rd November
- M. Lebrun succeeds M. Jonnart as French Minister for Blockade (see 16th).
- German airship "L.-.59" reaches East Africa, but turns back without alighting [Evidence for this event rests on German statements only.] (see 21st and 25th).
24th November
- Battle of Nebi Samwil (Palestine) ends (see 17th.).
- Ain ed Douleh succeeds Ala es Sultaneh as Persian Prime Minister (see June 6th, 1917 and January 19th, 1918).
25th November
- German airship "L.-59" returns to Yambol from flight to East Africa [Evidence for this event rests on German statements only.] (see 23rd).
- German force under Colonel von Lettow-Vorbeck effects passage of the Rovuma and defeats Portuguese force at Ngomano. German operations in Portuguese East Africa, begin (see December 1st, 1917 and September 29th, 1918).
27th November
- Members of Supreme Council appointed - General Sir H. H. Wilson, General F. Foch, General Cadorna and General Bliss (see 7th).
- First meeting of Russian and German delegates behind German lines to arrange for armistice (see 21st and 30th).
28th November
- German force under Captain Tafel surrenders to the British in the Mwiti Valley (German East Africa).
- Estonia declared independent by the local Diet (see January 13th, 1918).
29th November
- First meeting of Great Inter-Allied Conference opens in Paris.
- Air Force (Constitution) Act, 1917, comes into operation in Great Britain (see December 21st, 1917 and January 3rd, 1918).
30th November
- The German counter-attacks at Cambrai begin (see 20th and December 3rd).
- Allied Naval Conference formed in London (see January 24th).
- Austro-Hungarian Government accept Bolshevik proposals to negotiate for an armistice and peace (see 21st and December 3rd).
1st December
- Permanent Allied Supreme War Council inaugurated (see November 7th 1917 and February 3rd, 1918).
- The last German forces driven out of German East Africa into Portuguese territory (approximate date) (see November 25th).
2nd December
- Suspension of hostilities between the Russian and German Armies begins (see 8th). [The actual suspension of hostilities took place on dates fixed by the local Arms Commanders (see 8th) in anticipation of truce arranged between the official negotiators (see 6th).]
3rd December
- Battle of Cambrai, 1917, ends (see November 20th, 1917 and October 8th, 1918).
- First session of armistice [Also known as "Truce Delegates" and "Peace Delegates."] delegates at Brest-Litovsk-Bolshevik Russia, and Bulgaria, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey (see 6th, and November 30th).
- Allied Conference in Paris resolve to establish an Allied Maritime Transport Council (see January 6th and November 3rd, 1917 and February 15th, 1918).
6th December
- Finland declares independence (see January 4th, 1918).
- Hostilities between Rumania and Central Powers suspended (see 9th and 10th, and March 5th, May 7th, and November 10th, 1918).
- Truce arranged between Russia, and Bulgaria, Central Powers and Turkey from 7th to 17th. Negotiations suspended (see 3rd and 13th).
- United States Battleship Division, under Rear-Admiral Rodman, joins Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow.
7th December
- United States of America declare war on Austria-Hungary (see April 8th).
- Ecuador severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
- Truce between Russia and Central Powers comes into operation officially (see 2nd and 6th).
8th December
- All hostilities on the Eastern front suspended (see 2nd).
9th December
- Jerusalem surrenders to British forces (see 11th).
- Italian naval raid on Trieste harbour (night 9th/10th). Austrian battleship "Wien" sunk.
- Armistice ("Truce of Focsani") signed between Rumania and Central Powers (see 6th, and November 10th, 1918).
10th December
- Hostilities between Rumania and the Central Powers cease (see 6th).
- Panama declares war on Austria-Hungary.
- Dr. S. Cardosa da Paes succeeds Dr. A. A. da Costa as Portuguese Prime Minister (see April 25th, 1917, and May 15th, 1918).
11th December
- Russian Constituent Assembly meet in Petrograd (see 13th).
- General Allenby makes formal entry into Jerusalem (see 9th).
- Dr Machado Guimarães, Portuguese President, deposed (see 28th, and August 6th and October 5th, 1915).
12th December
- Funchal (Madeira) shelled by German submarine (see December 3rd, 1916).
- German destroyers raid British convoy in the North Sea and sink H.M.S. "Partridge" (see October 17th).
13th December
- Armistice negotiations on Russian front resumed (see 6th and 15th).
- Russian Constituent Assembly dispersed by Bolsheviki (see 11th, and November 8th, 1917, and January 19th, 1918).
14th December
- French cruiser "Chãteau Renault" sunk by submarine.
- General Sarrail recalled from Salonika (see 22nd, and January 16th, 1916).
15th December
- Armistice signed at Brest-Litovsk between Russian Bolshevik Government and Bulgaria, Central Powers and Turkey, to begin at noon December 17th, and terminate January 14th, 1918 (see 13th and 22nd).
- "Second Offensive Battle" of Verdun ends (see August 20th).
16th December
- Cuba declares war on Austria-Hungary.
17th December
- British Government give the King of the Hejaz (see December 15th, 1916, and February 4th, 1918) written assurance of the future independence of the Arab people.
- Armistice between Russia and Central Powers begins (see 15th).
21st December
- Battle of Jaffa (Palestine) begins (see 22nd).
- British Government issue Order in Council instituting the Air Council (see November 29th, 1917, and January 3rd, 1918).
22nd December
- Battle of Jaffa (Palestine) ends (see 21st).
- Peace negotiations between Russian Bolshevik Government and Bulgaria, Central Powers and Turkey opened at Brest-Litovsk (see 15th, and January 5th, 1918).
- Secret Convention signed at Brest-Litovsk between Germany and Russian Bolshevik Government concerning Poland.
- General Guillaumat appointed Allied Commander-in-Chief at Salonika (see 14th, and June 6th, 1918).
- Lieut.-General Sir R. C. Maxwell, Quartermaster-General, B.E.F., France, resigns (see 23rd, and January 27th, 1915).
23rd December
- Independent Moldavian Republic (Bessarabia) proclaimed at Kishinev (see April 9th, 1918).
- Lieut.-General Sir T. E. Clarke, appointed Quartermaster-General, B.E.F., France (see 22nd).
26th December
- Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo ends (see October 24th).
- British defence of Jerusalem begins (see 30th).
- Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, First Sea Lord, Great Britain, resigns (see 27th, and December 4th, 1916).
27th December
- Admiral Sir Rosslyn Wemyss appointed First Sea Lord, Great Britain (see 26th).
28th December
- French Foreign Minister in speech outlines French War Aims (see January 5th, 1918).
- Dr. da Silva Paes appointed Acting President of Portugal (see December 11th, 1917, and May 9th, 1918).
30th December
- British defence of Jerusalem ends (see 26th).
1917 Timeline
Various sources have been used to create this timeline but a large proportion have come from a 1987 reprint of the following book first published in 1922 by His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO):
History of the Great War - Principal Events 1914-1918, HMSO, 1922, ISBN - 0 948 13031 8
For other specific sources used in this website see the bibliography:


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Ooops, they did it again.
Mistakes happen. If someone were to read every post I have written, they will find mistakes in my writing--mostly because I don't really proofread. Here are a few examples of mistakes from student essays on childhood. All work is left untouched by me:
"My parents always had attendances to over react about injuries." Attendants, attendances, or a tendency?
"...my parents will do anything to keep you safe." How nice of them!
"...while we are children, we love being a child and have no recollection of the things that come later..." Hmmm. Back to the Future Part IV.
"To me, being a child is like eating a popsicle, we start out eating the popsicle and thinking it tastes so exceptional. Then we start to get down towards the end, and I am saying to myself, 'please don't leave me.' Just like the popsicle, I don't want to leave my childhood." Why doesn't the popsicle want to leave?
"This forces us to stay up longer and to get less sleep, which makes us feel like quitting your job some times." If the student quits my job, does that mean I don't have a job?
More to come later!

subset: commoncrawl


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If your school or ensemble has moved to a virtual platform or if you have any need for a clinician to facilitate remote training, please contact me to discuss availability.
Given the number of schools now utilizing an online platform, I wanted to create materials to help teachers better educate their bassists virtually. I know many school budgets have been negatively impacted and I do not want that to be a deterrent to your students' education. Therefore, I am asking teachers to "pay what you can" as your budget allows. If you are able to, please click the link to Donate. If you need an invoice generated or prefer to mail a check, please email me directly.
Feel free to pass this information on to your colleagues and students. Thank you for all you are doing in these difficult times.
Materials include the below zip file with PDF attachments for Monday through Friday and links to video demonstrations:


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Updated at 7:20 p.m. with House vote.
Washington — To avoid another government shutdown, the U.S. House on Tuesday passed a spending bill that would fund the Pentagon until the end of the federal fiscal year – with big boosts for the Connecticut defense industry — and keep other federal agencies running until March 23.
The vote on the bill was 245 to 182, with all Connecticut members of the House voting "no."
The largely partisan approval of the GOP bill that contains $659 billion for defense — and short-term funding for most of the rest of the federal government — is just one maneuver in a complex budget dance between congressional Republicans and Democrats this week that also will feature a face-off between the House and Senate.
President Donald Trump also has a role to play, and the president has been critical of key negotiations because they don't include funding for his proposed wall between the United States and Mexico.
The House bill also would fund a federal grant program for community health centers, which provide health care in Connecticut largely to Medicaid patients and the uninsured. The program has been underfunded since Oct. 1, the beginning of the federal fiscal year.
But the centers' grant program would be paid for by stripping money from an Affordable Care Act public health program that helps states like Connecticut run immunization and smoking-cessation programs. That has been criticized by House Democrats, most of whom also oppose the boost in funding for the Pentagon without a similar increase in domestic spending and the lack of long-term funding for all of the federal government.
Rep. Rosa DeLauro, D-3rd District, condemned the effort to once again fund the government through a short-term bill, known as a continuing resolution, or CR. There have been four CR's since Oct 1, the beginning of the federal fiscal year. The current one runs out on Thursday.
"We are the greatest nation in the world, yet the incompetent majority has us caught in an endless loop — lurching from crisis to crisis without regard for the important issues facing our country. The American people deserve better," DeLauro said.
Rep. Elizabeth Esty, D-5th District, said, "Our couple-of-weeks-at-a-time system of budgeting costs taxpayers money, shortchanges our military, and is entirely dysfunctional. Congress should stay in Washington until the work is done."
While the bill was approved in the GOP-majority House, it is not expected to make it through the Senate, which is considering another approach.
Bipartisan progress on a budget that would end the need for another short-term spending bill has been made in the Senate.
Senate Democrats agreed to negotiate the fate of young immigrants, known as dreamers, separately from the budget talks and Senate Republicans agreed to lift budget caps on domestic spending as well as defense spending.
Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., said he "is hopeful that we will reach a result that will address all of the issues."
For Blumenthal those are raising domestic spending as much as defense spending, full funding for community health centers, money to combat opioid addiction and additional funding to help the victims of last year's hurricanes.
Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn., flatly rejected the House's approach.
"This idea that Republicans can expect Democratic votes without taking us into consideration is ridiculous," Murphy said. "(Republicans) waste a whole lot of time talking to themselves."
Like the House CR, the Senate deal, also would include increased defense spending, but not as much.
It would probably increase the number of F-35s the Pentagon purchases this year to about 90. The Senate deal also would provide $5.2 billion for the Virginia-class submarine program, $842 million in advance procurement money for the Columbia-class sub program and boost the number of Black Hawks and other military helicopters made by Stratford-based Sikorsky.
But a deal crafted in the Senate may be rejected by the House, unless House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis., allows it to be approved with a majority of Democratic votes.
There also has been progress this week in an effort to help nearly 800,000 immigrant youth whose protections from deportation are expiring because President Trump ended the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program in September. Most of these youth were brought to the United States illegally as infants and young children by their parents.
Sens. John McCain, R-Ariz., and Christopher Coons, D-Del., have proposed legislation that would grant permanent legal status to the dreamers. About 8,000 of them live in Connecticut.
The senators' plan calls for increased security along the U.S-.Mexico border, but stops short of appropriating $25 to $30 billion Trump wants for border security, including a border wall. The bipartisan bill also would fail to curb family-based immigration — which Republicans call "chain migration" — or ending a diversity visa program Trump wants eliminated.
Trump tweeted his opposition to the plan Monday, then on Tuesday he said he'd welcome a government shutdown.
"I'd love to see a shut down if we can't get this stuff taken care of…If we have to shut it down because the Democrats don't want safety…let's shut it down," Trump said.


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March 8 marks International Women's Day, a yearly recognition of women's important role in society - celebrating the economic, political and social achievements of females of the past, present and future. International Women's Day was initiated in 1908, and though women have come a long way, there is still so much more to be done. Below are five organizations that are committed to encouraging and supporting future generations of strong females everywhere.
WHAT An online platform for entrepreneurial women in their 20s and 30s looking to start or build their own business.
IN DETAIL Gender and entrepreneurship, start up success stories, business and marketing inspiration - these are just some of topics discussed on Young Female Entrepreneurs. The online platform serves as an interactive hub that connects younger businesswomen to seasoned experts.
ACTIVITIES City based meet ups, live Twitter chats, weekly live stream show
WHAT An organization dedicated to expanding the freedom of girls everywhere through education and leadership.
IN DETAIL The nonprofit was started by a group of 12 year old girls and young African women who were discussing discrimination experienced by girls in developing countries. Using education as the vehicle to advance and promote women, School Girls Unite has chapters in the United States and in Mali.
ACTIVITIES Scholarship program in Mali that sends girls to school and leadership activities for US chapters.
WHAT A women-run nonprofit group that teaches women beginner-friendly technical skills in a social, collaborative way.
IN DETAIL It was a simple tweet about the need for women to be more fluent in computer code that started the Ladies Learning Code nonprofit in Toronto. Providing beginning workshops in JavaScript, HTML and Photoshop to name a few, LLC is a comfortable learning and meeting space for women to study the building blocks of computer programming.
ACTIVITIES Hosts Girls Learning Code, tech camps, workshops and events for girls aged 9-13.
WHAT A nonprofit that works with women who have experienced war, civil strife and other conflicts, providing them with the tools and resources to become financially independent and self-sufficient.
IN DETAIL Founded in 1993, Women for Women International has helped more than 351,000 women through direct aid, rights education, job skills training and small business development. They currently operate in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Kosovo, Nigeria, Rwanda and South Sudan
ACTIVITIES Women for Women International offers a one year program that teaches job skills and business training to women in conflict, in addition to facilitating group therapy sessions for war survivors.
WHAT Advocacy and mobilization campaign to reduce maternal mortality.
IN DETAIL Founded by Christy Turlington, Every Mother Counts seeks to improve the health and well being of women and girls worldwide by educating and supporting maternal mortality reduction. Hundreds of thousands of women die each year from pregnancy complications or childbirth difficulties, 90% of these deaths are preventable.
ACTIVITIES No Woman, No Cry is a documentary by Christy Turlington that shares the stories of at-risk pregnant women from around the globe. The film spreads the message of the need for resources and education to reduce maternal mortality. The nonprofit also collects old cell phones to be donated to health care providers in rural areas to provide better communication and medical services.


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Opening Hours - showroom / drop off facilitiesHomemakers showroom and drop off facility is open Monday – Friday.
Our showroom has two floors and covers an area of 225 square metres with a range of furniture that is reusable and affordable in price.
We stock beds, sofas, tables and chairs, chest of drawers and many more items.
Items can be delivered by our staff and volunteers or alternatively you can collect.
Items that you no longer require can also be dropped off where there is always able volunteers and staff to help out.
If you are dropping off a large amount of furniture we do appreciate a call to allow us to make provisions for your arrival.
Opening Hours
- Monday - Friday 9am - 5pm
- Saturday - Sunday - CLOSED


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Biogen Inc. Buys Its Way Out of Competition
Biogen (NASDAQ: BIIB) is following the old saying, "If you can't beat 'em, join 'em" for its multibillion drug Tecfidera or, more accurately, "If you might not be able to beat 'em later, license 'em now."
Today, the big biotech announced a licensing deal with Alkermes (NASDAQ: ALKS) for ALKS 8700, a monomethyl fumarate to treat the relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. Biogen is paying for half of the 2017 development costs for ALKS 8700 -- $28 million so far -- and will pick up all the costs starting Jan. 1, 2018. Alkermes is due an initial $50 million milestone payment that should be paid in 2017 and $150 million if the drug is approved in the U.S. before the end of 2021. If ALKS 8700 is approved, Biogen will pay Alkermes a mid-teens royalty on worldwide net sales of the drug, including minimum annual payments for the first five years following Food and Drug Administration approval, and be responsible for all marketing activities.
What's a methyl or two among (new) friends
Tecfidera and ALKS 8700 work in the same way with pretty similar structures. Tecfidera is dimethyl fumarate, which is broken down into monomethyl fumarate. ALKS 8700 is a prodrug of monomethyl fumarate, meaning it's inactive until it's metabolized into monomethyl fumarate.
The inactive structure will hopefully result in fewer gastrointestinal side effects compared to Tecfidera, which caused abdominal pain in 18% of patients in the clinical trials supporting its approval. The drug also caused diarrhea, nausea, and/or vomiting in 9% to 14% of patients. Alkermes is running a five-week gastrointestinal tolerability study called EVOLVE-MS-2 that's comparing the two drugs head to head, which is due to read out in the first half of next year.
Because the structures are so similar, Alkermes is developing ALKS 8700 under the FDA's 505(b)(2) regulatory pathway, which requires companies to prove that their drug exposes patients to the same amount of active ingredient but allows them to use efficacy data from the initial drug approved. The quicker development pathway put Alkermes on path to submit a marketing application in 2018, supported by bioequivalence studies and a two-year safety study known as EVOLVE-MS-1.
A win-win?
The benefits to Biogen are clear. The deal allows the big biotech to get a piece of ALKS 8700 sales that could cut into sales of Tecfidera. And ALKS 8700 also extends the patent life of its fumarate franchise because ALKS 8700 has patents out to 2033, significantly longer than the 2027 patent runway for Tecfidera, which could be shortened as generic-drug makers try to invalidate the patents in court.
It isn't quite as clear if Alkermes is getting that great of a deal. Investors seem to agree, with shares of the company zooming up as much as 3.8% in morning trading before dipping lower than they closed on Friday.
Some of the concern likely has to do with wording in the Securities and Exchange Commission document for the deal that puts a lot of pressure on the aforementioned EVOLVE-MS-2 head-to-head gastrointestinal tolerability study. If ALKS 8700 is deemed inferior for gastrointestinal tolerability, Biogen can get its $50 million up-front payment back through temporary reductions in royalty rates and the minimum payments to Alkermes will terminate. The deal also notes that if Biogen decides to terminate the deal for gastrointestinal inferiority, Alkermes doesn't get rights to ALKS 8700 back.
One of the reasons smaller biotechs license their drugs to larger drugmakers is to pawn off the clinical trial risk, but Alkermes doesn't seem to have done that. Perhaps the company is confident that EVOLVE-MS-2 will read out positively, but with limited gastrointestinal data so far, it's hard for investors to gauge the risk-reward profile of the deal.
10 stocks we like better than BiogenWhen investing geniuses David and Tom Gardner have a stock tip, it can pay to listen. After all, the newsletter they have run for over a decade, Motley Fool Stock Advisor, has tripled the market.*
David and Tom just revealed what they believe are the 10 best stocks for investors to buy right now... and Biogen wasn't one of them! That's right -- they think these 10 stocks are even better buys.
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*Stock Advisor returns as of November 6, 2017
Brian Orelli has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool owns shares of and recommends Alkermes. The Motley Fool recommends Biogen. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.


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Professionalization of the Field of Education Abroad
This document encourages study abroad representatives to join the National Association of Foreign Student Advisers' (NAFSA) Committee U.S. Students Abroad. Members of the committee are able to participate in conferences and workshops, receive...
"SECUSSA is the section of NAFSA committed to developing and improving the competence of students abroad advisers". As the newest section of the National Association of Foreign Students Advisers (NAFSA), the Section on US Students Abroad (...
May 1973
"Guidelines" is a resource for colleges and universities to further develop their service offices for study abroad. The Student Advisory Committee of the Council on International Educational Exchange, which developed this resource, released a...
July 10, 1977
In this handwritten letter from Lily Von Klemperer to Jolene Koester, Lily agrees to head up the Section on US Students Abroad (SECUSSA) task force. The task force creates new publications related to US students studying abroad, determines due...
November 1977
This National Association of Foreign Student Advisers (NAFSA) memo outlines the necessary qualifications for study abroad personnel or those wishing to pursue a career in study abroad counseling, advising, or within the private sector.
A press release announcing that Bill Gertz, the former manager of the Campus Services Divison of the Council on International Educational Exchange" has been named the new editor of "Transitions" magazine by the publisher, Dr. Clayton Hubbs.
May 1978
A pamphlet of a conference sponsored by Wayne State University in Detroit, celebrating 25 years of study abroad programs in Germany. The pamphlet contains a schedule of the conference and a registration form.
The Council on International Educational Exchange's (CIEE) annual report for 1980. It includes summaries of financial activity of the council, summaries of participants on various programs offered by the council, and a list of the directors and...
Educating for the World View is a special report created by the Council on Learning. It contains articles with varying subjects, such as "What Students Know About Their World", "Forward to Basics", and "The New Curricular Equation".
A report from the Commission on International Education of the American Council on Education that discusses "the decline in support for international education [and] contrasts it with examples of growing needs for national competence in economic...
"America's Crisis in International Competence: Our Nation's Failure to Educate Students for the Future"
circa 1985
A booklet of "statistics and anecdotes" about the lack of international education among American students and why the American Institute for Foreign Study (AIFS) considers this to be a crisis for the future of international business and politics...
September 1985
The "Original SIN" (SECUSSA Information Network) newsletter connects all past and present members of SECUSSA and was first published in 1982. This issue discusses plans for future conferences, the agenda for the October team meeting, and reports...
39th Council of International Educational Exchange (CIEE) National Conference Brochure, Washington D.C.
November 1986
This brochure from the 39th national conference of the Council of International Educational Exchange (CIEE) , held in Washington D.C, contains the schedule for the...
39th Council of International Educational Exchange (CIEE) National Conference in Washington D.C. Summary Report
November 1986
The summary report of the 39th national conference of CIEE. It contains a list of the major topics dicussed at the conference such as the improvement of foreign language classes in the United States, improvement of the flow of information...
circa 1989
"Exchange 2000" is a report created by the Liaison Group for International Educational Exchange about the role and impact of study abroad programs for the United States and its global relations. It also addresses new challenges in the field that...
circa 1989
A manual created by the Commission on Higher Education for evaluating study abroad programs and conducting on-site visits.
May 1990
This project from the National Task Force on Undergraduate Study Abroad, which was composed of NAFSA, CIEE, and IEE members, was part of an effort to develop new policies on diversity, financial concerns, and program expansion.
December 1990
The Council on International Educational Exchange's (CIEE) newsletter, "Campus Update", discusses events going on within the council and in the field of study abroad in general. In the December 1990 issue some of the topics discussed include a...
National Association of Foreign Student Advisers (NAFSA) 43rd Annual Conference in Boston, Massachusetts
May 24, 1991
The pamphlet for the National Association of Foreign Student Advisers (NAFSA) 43rd annual conference in Boston, Massachusetts. The pamhplet contains information about various meetings and exhibitions taking place at the conference, as well as...
The Code of Ethics and Principles for International Educational Exchange for NAFSA: Association of International Educators.
June 3, 1992
Marvin Slind recommends that the University of Ohio be accepted as a member of the Council on International Educational Exchange(CIEE). Provides insight into the process of a state university working to build a study abroad program.
The International Educator magazine published by NAFSA: Association of International Educators for fall/winter 1993 contains various articles related to study abroad topics, including students studying in Russia and the challenges presented by...
November 1993
Occasional Papers on International Exchange are a series of essays published intermittently by the Council on International Educational Exchange that focus on varying research topics related to the professionalization of the study abroad...
circa 1994
This booklet produced by the Council on International Educational Exchange provides a summary of the history of CIEE from it's beginnings in 1947 to 1994. The booklet is split three parts by time periods: 1947-1960, 1960s-1970s, and 1979-1994. ...
The Council of International Educational Exchange (CIEE) presents a series of essays in honor of it's past president, Jack Egle. Jack Egle worked with the council in it's earliest stages and the council honors his contribution with this booklet...


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ultimate burger sauce
- ½ cup (120g) sour cream
- ¼ cup (75g) whole-egg mayonnaise
- ½ cup flat-leaf parsley leaves, finely chopped
- ½ cup (100g) dill pickles (gherkins), finely chopped
- ½ cup (40g) finely grated parmesan
- ⅓ cup (80ml) tomato sauce (ketchup)
- 1 tablespoon paprika
- ½ teaspoon green peppercorns, finely chopped
- ¼ teaspoon cayenne pepper
- sea salt and cracked black pepper
- Place the sour cream, mayonnaise, parsley, pickles, parmesan, tomato sauce, paprika, peppercorns, cayenne pepper, salt and black pepper in a medium bowl and mix to combine. Makes 1½ cups
+ This sauce will keep refrigerated in an airtight container for up to two weeks.
Photography: Chris Court
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Day One!
Giving gifts at the holidays is one of my favorite things to do. Just ask any of my family members and they will gladly share a long list of mostly homemade, mostly "nice" gifts that I gave out every Christmas. Over the years there were some duds and quite a few that were given when "still unfinished"! It's time to continue my holiday tradition of gift giving!
The Day One giveaway is an AHA embroidered apron. The lucky winner can pick either white or black and I will embroider your first name on the apron!
To be eligible for the Day One prize, all you have to do is click below and add a photo of one of YOUR paintings that you consider is your most favorite from 2012! If you are not an artist feel free to upload any painting that you love! Just click the "Add Your Link" Button. You can link to a painting on your website or you can upload a photo. Have fun! This is my chance to say thank you by showing off YOUR ART to my friends!
Be sure and sign up to receive my blog updates so you will be the first to know about the 12 Days of Christmas Giveaways!Check out my upcoming palette knife painting workshops at http://www.saetastudio.com/Leslie_Saeta_fine_Art/Workshops.html.


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Home care specialists provide support and assistance as your loved one returns home after being hospitalized for a total hip and total knee replacements.
What is Home Care?
Home care is a more personalized alternative to nursing homes and assisted living facilities. It provides services such as personal care, homemaking, companionship and more to individuals living at home, so they can remain comfortable and independent for as long as possible after a complete Hip Replacement.
Home Care vs Home Health
Home health is typically short-term medical services administered in the home to treat Hip Replacement recovery. This type of medical assistance is usually provided by a registered nurse, physical, occupational or speech therapist. Home care agencies are often requested to provide supplemental care as the patient transitions.
Who is a Good Candidate for Home Care?
Home care can be beneficial for individuals who are getting older, are chronically ill, are recovering from a surgery or are disabled. Perhaps your loved one needs assistance with day-to-day tasks but does not need to be in a nursing home or hospital. Home care could be the right fit for them.
What Types of Home Care Services Are Available?
Home care looks different for everyone. Each individual's needs are unique, and home care can be tailored to fit those needs. Depending on what your loved one's needs are, caregiving services can be available 24-hours a day or a few hours each week. Some of the services include:
Home Care Interventions for Patients being discharged for Total Hip Replacements
The readmission rate within 30 days after hip and knee replacement in 2013 was 34 for every 1,000 patients. (www.forbes.com) While readmission rates are low, it is still important to take precaution in order to prevent readmission to the hospital. Home care can help after hip and knee surgery so readmission is less likely.
Our agency uses evidence-based practices that are proven to reduce the risk of readmission and promote the health of those who have recently had total hip and total knee replacements:
Most patients cannot drive for 4 to 6 weeks after surgery, and some individuals will not be able to drive past the 6-week mark. Additionally, individuals on certain medications, such as narcotics, should not drive at all. Home care specialists can help with transportation by driving patients to and from dr. appointments, social gatherings, running errands, and more.
(source): www.aahks.org
Individuals who have had a hip replacement or knee replacement need to watch for swelling and reduce the risk of blood clots in the veins of your legs. Basic exercises such as walking will help maintain blood flow. A home care specialist can walk with patients and remind them to do their physical therapy exercises. Something as simple as pumping feet up and down 20 times per hour can help reduce blood clots.
(source): www.emoryhealthcare.org
Some individuals will be placed on Aspirin or Coumadin to thin their blood and reduce the risk of blood clots forming. Patients may also be on antibiotics to protect the joint replacement from infection. Home care specialists can help keep medications straight and remind patients of the proper timing and dosage to take.
(source): www.emoryhealthcare.org
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Seaborn Provides High Capacity International Connectivity to Ascenty Data Centers in Brazil
Seaborn Networks ("Seaborn"), a leading developer-owner-operator of submarine fiber optic cable systems, and Ascenty, the largest data center and connectivity service provider in Latin America, announce today that Seaborn's most reliable international fiber network is connecting Ascenty's São Paulo and Vinhedo Data Centers in Brazil to the United States.
"Our customers at São Paulo and Vinhedo Data Center campuses require low-latency, high-capacity interconnection between their data center operations and North America," states Marcos Siqueira, Vice President of Operations at Ascenty. "Seaborn is providing our connectivity ecosystem. We are excited because we know that Seaborn offers us an IP transport network, and seamless and robust access to internet exchanges that are strategic for our customers who rely on international traffic."
Ascenty is linked to Seaborn's Seabras-1 submarine cable that offers a lower latency POP than any other current system, which is a competitive advantage for its customers. This partnership is connecting more than 350 customers in Ascenty's data centers that serve content providers, e-commerce and public cloud processing companies, and corporations in the financial sectors.
"We recognize the critical need for enterprise services to have high capacity, resilient and low-latency connectivity. Our network was built with this in mind, providing high availability capacity to customers with ever-changing bandwidth needs," comments Michel Marcelino, Senior Vice President and Head of Latin America of Seaborn. "Expanding our services to Ascenty's Data Center campuses provides its customers access to our industry-leading IP network, offering consistent local and global connectivity via our subsea cable."
About Seaborn
Seaborn addresses global communications needs across the Americas delivering wavelength, Ethernet private line and IP services. Unique among independent cable operators, Seaborn fully operates and maintains its submarine and terrestrial cable infrastructure. POPs, terrestrial backhaul, landing stations and subsea cable are all under Seaborn's control. The Seaborn management team has designed, built, and operated more subsea cable systems than any other telecom management team including over 75 landing stations, 250 global POPs, and 250,000 km of subsea fiber optic cable. Visit www.seabornnetworks.com for more information or follow us on LinkedIn.
Media Contact:
Naaz Bax, Head of Marketing
About Ascenty
Ascenty, a Digital Realty and Brookfield company, is the largest connectivity and data center service provider in Latin America, currently managing 27 data centers in operation and/or construction in Brazil, Chile and Mexico, interconnected by 5,000 km of proprietary fiber-optic network. The company was established in 2010 and builds and operates world-class data centers serving the world's largest cloud and technology providers, as well as other customers in the finance, retail, industrial, healthcare and service industries. To support the company's expansion, Ascenty is backed by its shareholders which include Brookfield Infrastructure Partners, a Canadian asset management company and Digital Realty, the world's largest data centers provider with 280 data centers located in North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia and Australia. To learn more about Ascenty, go to: http://www.ascenty.com
Media Contacts:
Advice Comunicação Corporativa
Alexandre Lyra | [email protected] | +55 11 99265-5036
Fernanda Dabori | [email protected] | +55 11 99211-5097
+55 11 5102-5252 | +55 11 5102-5257


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Over the years we have won many awards for our services to the community and for our relentless work in keeping
hazardous waste out of landfill
– here's just a few:
Business Awards
These awards celebrate the best in businesses throughout the Wakefield district and the category we won was for "People make Performance". Rather fitting as the core of our business is training up and getting people into jobs.
At the end of the awards ceremony at the Cedar Court in Wakefield, Keith (DM), Neil (CEO) and Mike (Chairman) pose with the trophy.
Keith said "We were particularly pleased to win this category because it is the essence of what we do at Airedale. From the Chairman of the board who is himself a volunteer, Our CEO, Development Manager, Warehouse Manager through the technicians, the driver, our apprentices, our many volunteers (not all are press-ganged by the jobs center) and our school work experience students, they all do a great job.
It really is all about the people"
Yorkshire Post Environment Awards
Our technicians John and Ian went along to a glittering awards ceremony and gala dinner at the Queens Hotel in Leeds to collect this prestigious award in June. We have a No Landfill – No Export – Zero Waste policy which is great for the environment.
Awards for Excellence in Recycling
In April 2014 we were invited to London as a finalist in the Awards for Excellence in Recycling, Keith and Alistair with Julie Etherington from Channel 4 News present our certificate.
Zero Waste Awards
We were awarded a Bronze in the Zero Waste Awards in 2012 and again in 2014, run by Let's Recycle, (That's the people who run the recycle adverts on TV with Eddie Izzard doing the voiceovers)
Recycling Stars Awards
The National Recycling Stars gave us a Gold Award in 2012 and again in 2013 due to our Zero Waste policy. We reuse or recycle everything we collect, nothing is discarded.
The National IT Reseller
These are the only awards for the IT Trade voted on exclusively by the Trade. The event was held at The Village Hotel in Leeds as part of TargetComponents Trade Open Day. Airedale Computers won 2 awards. One for Best Internal Display and another for Best Event featuring our own Open Day.
Social Enterprise Awards
Following the initial judging of the Social Enterprise Awards 2012, Airedale Computer Recycling has been voted an England finalist in the Social Enterprise of the Year category.
Airedale Computers were also a finalist in the Wakefield District Business Awards 2012 in the category for "People make Performance
We are also a finalist in the National Recycling Awards 2012 in the category for "WEEE Recycler of the Year".
Wakefield District Business Awards
In the Wakefield District Business Awards 2011 held at a glittering black tie ceremony at the Cedar Court Hotel, Airedale Computers was Highly Commended in the category for
Business & the Environment
Awards for Excellence in
Recycling and Waste Management
Airedale Computers were awarded Runner-up
Awards for Excellence in Recycling and Waste Management
at a high-profile event held at the newly-refurbished Savoy hotel in central London. The event was hosted by Channel Four News at Noon presenter and journalist Krishnan Guru-Murthy.
Keith and Neil with the SEYH (Social Enterprise Yorkshire & Humber)
Award as Runner-up in the category of:
presented at a special awards evening prior to the annual Footsey Social Enterprise event in Doncaster on March 4th 2011
Awards for Excellence in Recycling 2008
West Yorkshire Environmental Business Awards 2007 (Social
Enterprise Category)
Wakefield District Business Awards 2006 (Business and the Environment)
BURA Charitable Trust Award for Regeneration 2005 (for outstanding
West Yorkshire Social Enterprise Awards 2005 (Innovation in Enterprise)
Wakefield District Environment Awards 2004/2005 (Social Enterprise Award)
West Yorkshire Social Enterprise Awards 2004 (Social Enterprise of the Year)
2008 the Pontefract & Castleford Lions Club presented us with an Award of Appreciation for our work donating computers to good causes, in particular, one of their efforts was flood relief victims
in Hull late last year.
Opening hours
contact info:
01977 329442
(Mon-Fri 9.15AM-4.45PM | Sat 9.15AM-3.45PM)
01977 520149
(Mon-Fri 9.15AM-4.45PM | Sat 9AM-4PM)
01977 736283
(Mon-Thu 9.15AM-4.45PM | Sat Closed
Friday 9am-5PM)
(Mon-Fri 9AM-4PM | Sat closed)
Recent News:
Feb 2020
Windows 7 has come to an end!
Microsoft is going to stop supporting Windows 7 from Tuesday so that it can focus on "newer technologies". As a result, Windows 7 users will no longer receive the all-important security updates and patches that keep their machines safe. Keep Reading...
Jan 2020
Bad Rabbit Ransomware.
The latest strain of ransomware "Bad Rabbit" began spreading across Russia and Ukraine yesterday, there have also been various reports of "Bad Rabbit" infections in Turkey, Bulgaria, Japan, Germany, Poland, South Korea and the United States. Keep Reading...
Dec 2019
Microsoft Release XP Update to ward off next NHS Attack.
Remember the encryption virus called "Wannacry" that hit 75,000 computers and nearly devastated the NHS last month......? Well there's 3 more on the way, called "EsteemAudit, ExplodingCan, and EnglishmanDentist" which have been released by the same Shadow Brokers hacker group. Keep Reading...
Nov 2019
Your Antivirus May Be Letting
You Down.
The best way to avoid a computer virus is by using common sense, but that doesn't mean you'll be safe from attack. Even the most careful user can find themselves infected in an instant and spreading the virus faster than a sneeze in flu season. It's why antivirus software is still the first package we install on all systems – because you never know when you'll be attacked. But should you choose free or paid antivirus?
Oct 2019
Yes, We have a shop in Airedale.
We had 3 people in one day that stated they did not know we actually had a shop at the computer recycling centre on Stansfield Road in Airedale, so I posted a few pics and here's a simple youtube video of the computer display. Keep Reading..
Sep 2019
Is Your Laptop Running Slow?
Then let our technicians perform the ultimate speed-up. We can remove your laptops slow hard drive and fit it into a caddy, that can then be used as your backup drive, by plugging it into any usb port. Keep Reading..


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Are you interested in learning more about LASIK?
Purchase your skincare and dry eye products here!
order SkinCeuticals Order ZO Skin Health Order Dry Eye Products
Kyle Horner is joined by Dr. Abby Jakob of EYES Optometry who explain what dry-eye disease is and what causes it.
Listen to Dr. Abby Jakob speak about Dry Eye on AM800 Experts on Call!
Dr. Jakob was awarded Gold in Best Optometrist and Best Optical in Windsor's Community Votes 2022 and 2023!!
Dr. Abby Jakob was awarded "Young Alumnus of the Year" from her alma mater, the Illinois College of Optometry in September, 2020!
Dr. Abby Jakob was the recipient of "The Only Optometrist to See" Award at the 2019 BizX Awards, held on November 15, 2019!
Dr. Jakob was awarded the "Young Entrepreneur of the Year" Award at the 2nd Annual Kingsville Business Recognition Awards May 31, 2019!
Dr. Abby Jakob was voted Best Optometrist in the 2019 Best of #YQG Awards and her office was voted as Best Optical of 2019!
WINDSOR, ON. APRIL 11, 2018. — The 28th Annual Business Excellence Awards presented by the Windsor-Essex Regional Chamber of Commerce and The Windsor Star were held on Wednesday, April 11, 2018, at the St. Clair College Centre for the Arts. Dr. Abby Jakob received the Young Professional of the Year Award. (DAN JANISSE/The Windsor Star) (For story by Chris Thompson)
Dr. Jakob's office was voted as Best Optical Store of 2018 in the Best of Windsor-Essex Awards!
Full Scope Optometric ServicesWe treat our patients with the most careful and individual approach, stylish eye-wear and latest innovations in contact lenses, all in a relaxed and friendly environment.
Complete, dilated eye exams
We realize that having your eyes dilated is not the most pleasant experience (you will be light-sensitive for about an hour afterwards!), but it is THE SINGLE BEST WAY for the doctor to get a detailed look at every structure of the eye.Details
Advanced Diagnostic Equipment
At EYES, we pride ourselves in staying up to date with the latest technologies proven to detect diseases earlier, and monitor changes more closely.Details
Contact Lens Fittings and Evaluations
Are you suffering from dry eye?
Our Doctor
Dr. Abby Jakob was born and raised in Kingsville, Ontario, and after spending eight years away at school, she is proud to return home to take care of your whole family's eye care needs.


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Zeez Beez
Gourmet Hand Crafted Creamed Honey
Simple, natural ingredients, creamed together, into a heavenly, spreadable honey. Made with our cold-extracted, pure honey creamed together with organic vanilla.
Zeez Beez is a family owned and run business based in the beautiful Perth hills of Roleystone, Western Australia. We have been keeping bees since 2010. We pride ourselves in the care and effort we put in to providing you with the highest quality of products and services including our hand extracted raw honey sourced from across Western Australia.Our honey is raw, unprocessed and cold-extracted, which means it hasn't undergone any heat treatment. We bring it straight from the hive to you, taking the utmost of care, with most of the extracting jobs being done by hand. We then jar all our honey, where possible, in glass jars, maintaining its deliciously fresh and natural taste. We know you will love our honey as much as we do!
Brand: Zeez Beez
Packaging: Glass
Region: Western Australia
Varietal: Multi Floral
Processing: Raw
Size: 400g


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Warcraft: the Beginning review: "the visuals are breathtaking but the cast are swamped by action and exposition"
Duncan Jones can't be faulted for treating the hit video game with respect, but the vastness of his vision leaves his characters all at sea
There are few things certain in the film world. However, up to this point it's been almost universally agreed that video games tend not to translate to the big screen. There are disastrous examples such as Super Mario Bros and Street Fighter in the early 90s, but even the better-received video-game adaptations have generally fell short of their pixelated source material.
The man hoping to change that trend is Moon director Duncan Jones, and the game is World of Warcraft. Set in the fantasy world of Azeroth, Warcraft: the Beginning follows a kingdom of men who must prepare for war when a race of Orcs, led by the villainous Gul'dan (Daniel Wu), come to their world via a portal. The only chance for peace lies with Durotan (Toby Kebbell), an Orc warrior convinced the only way for his kind to survive is to work with the Azeroth king (Dominic Cooper) to stop Gul'dan
The first task of any film based on a pre-existing title is to capture the feel of it, and in that sense Jones has succeeded. The visuals are breathtaking, creating a world that feels legitimately torn from the game, rather than Hollywood's adaptation of it. It's also an interesting take on the fantasy genre in general, with the blunt, honour-driven Orcs given as much of a point of view as the ornate, swaggering humans. There are few films that ever achieve that kind of narrative balance.
So, why does it feel so empty?
It's not often that a film suffers from taking too little time to tell its story, but two hours just doesn't seem enough to establish the vastness of Jones's vision and still deliver something with an emotional impact. Durotan has a few quiet, character-building moments with his pregnant wife before being thrust into the film's main plot, while the rest of the cast are too swamped by action and exposition to create any kind of connection. The result is the moments meant to draw a gasp don't quite deliver, no matter how well rendered the images on the screen are.
More like this
Then there's the burning question – whom is this meant for? Newcomers will struggle to keep up with the names, powers, cities and twists that are hastily being thrown at them. Those familiar with the game will respect the reverence with which their passion has been treated, but can this kind of narrative really compete with the original version, where the adventure is theirs to choose and experience? If there's such a thing as too much respect for the source material, Warcraft may be guilty of it.
Cast members jostle for screen time, but with little building beyond a few brief monologues there's not much chance for them to make an impression. Arguably the most fun is Ben Foster, strutting and elegant as a wizard known as the Guardian. Toby Kebbell, like his Dawn of the Planet of the Apes co-star Andy Serkis, is an actor who really understands motion capture, as you can see from the way his Durotan has nuance and depth in between the grunts. Other characters are not so lucky. Dominic Cooper looks desperately in need of more lines as the human King, while Travis Fimmel feels like a lead that's lost his way as chief of the Azeroth army. He's arguably the biggest disappointment, unnecessarily acting cocky and ultimately a bit unlikeable because he has little to do other than clash swords and quip.
If looks could make a movie, then this hoped-for this franchise-starter would be one of the hits of the summer. But that's only half the battle in transporting a popular game from the computer to the multiplex. If the characters are given time to breathe, the inevitable sequel could be promising, but on its own Warcraft: the Beginning doesn't quite hit the mark.
Warcraft: the Beginning is in cinemas now


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Corporate "Moral Values" Anyone? OpEd by John Mack
According to the media, George Bush won the election on the issue of moral values. I applaud the fact that morality has become such a hot political issue. As a liberal, I believe that individuals should behave morally. For me that means we should act not just for our own self aggrandizement, but also for the common good. That is, do good work.
If by doing public good you are rewarded with personal gain, why that's liberal nirvana and what we should all strive for! Raymond V. Gilmartin, Merck's president, chairman and chief executive officer, once quoted former Merck CEO George W. Merck: "We try never to forget that medicine is for the people. Not for the profits. The profits follow, and if we have remembered that, they have never failed to appear."
Doing public good is what attracted me to science in the first place and eventually to the pharmaceutical industry. I believe pharmaceutical companies have done more public good than any other type of business I can think of. This is why pharmaceutical companies can attract employees that are not only smart but who also have high moral values. But I think that the pharma industry leadership has lost its moral compass. Merck, unfortunately, may be the latest example of this trend.
When Merck pulled Vioxx off the market I admired the company's courage to do the "right thing" by putting people's lives before profits. The decision was widely applauded — except on Wall Street where Merck immediately lost 27% of its market value.
A few days later it was revealed that Merck may have known about Vioxx's cardiovascular side effect problems for years and tried very hard to conceal the evidence and block any action by the FDA. While this was going on an estimated 27,000 people suffered heart attacks and who knows how many strokes possibly due to Vioxx!
If this obstructionism by Merck is true, then someone should pay. While Merck's CEO may get his golden parachute sooner than planned, the small Merck stock and mutual fund investor is really being punished-Merck's stock has lost about 40% of its market value since the withdrawal of Vioxx.
More worrisome than loss of capital is the brain drain that Merck faces as employees are reported to be seeking positions elsewhere. No doubt many employees feel that Merck's troubles may lead to downsizing and loss of jobs, so they better leave the sinking ship. But I think many of them also feel betrayed by the questionable moral leadership of their company. That leadership has seemingly flipped Merck's venerable moral compass and forgot that medicine is for the people, not for the profits. A pity.
Excerpts from prepared testimony of Raymond V. Gilmartin, President, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Merck and Co., Inc., before US Senate Committee on Finance (11/18/2004)
"…the decision we made to withdraw Vioxx was easy. Given the availability of alternative therapies and the questions raised by the data, withdrawing Vioxx was consistent with an ethic that has driven Merck actions and decisions for more than one hundred years. Merck puts patients first."
"…until APPROVe, the combined data from randomized controlled clinical trials showed no difference in confirmed cardiovascular event rates between Vioxx and placebo and Vioxx and NSAIDs other than naproxen. When data from the APPROVe study became available, Merck acted quickly to withdraw the medicine from the market."
"The preliminary results from the VIGOR trial became available to Merck in March, 2000. In the trial, there was a higher cardiovascular event rate in patients taking Vioxx than naproxen. These data were of concern to us.
It is important to note that, because the VIGOR study compared two drugs – Vioxx and naproxen – and not Vioxx and placebo, it was not possible to make a determination, based on the VIGOR study alone, whether naproxen was having a beneficial cardiovascular effect, or whether Vioxx was having a detrimental cardiovascular effect."
"Since the time of our release of the VIGOR study data, there has been a healthy scientific discussion of the safety of Vioxx and other COX-2 inhibitors. This discussion has occurred within Merck's laboratories and at external scientific forums.
Merck supported that discussion. However, when researchers published articles or gave speeches that presented misleading or inaccurate information about Vioxx, Merck sought to set the record straight about a medicine that provided significant benefits to patients."
For the complete summary see: www.merck.com/newsroom/vioxx_withdrawal/11182004/
Vol. 3, No.10: November/December 2004
Word Count: n/a


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[no_toc]Tutorial: Angular 8 Firestore tutorial with CRUD application example – @angular/fire
Cloud Firestore helps us store data in the cloud. It supports offline mode so our app will work fine (write, read, listen to, and query data) whether device has internet connection or not, it automatically fetches changes from our database to Firebase Server. We can structure data in our ways to improve querying and fetching capabilities. This tutorial shows you how to work with Firebase Firestore along with an Angular app that can do CRUD Operations.
Related Posts:
– Angular 8 Firebase tutorial: Integrate Firebase into Angular 8 App with @angular/fire
– Angular 8 Firebase CRUD operations with @angular/fire
– Angular 8 – Upload/Display/Delete files to/from Firebase Storage using @angular/fire
Continue reading "Angular 8 Firestore tutorial with CRUD application example – @angular/fire"


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SVJFF Opening Night Gala Event
Daniel Radcliffe stars as an enthusiastic young adventurer who follows his dreams into the Amazon jungle with two friends and a guide with a mysterious past.
Learn More
The arrival of two Orthodox Jews upsets the wedding day of a rural town clerk's son in Hungary in this elegant drama.
Learn More
After decades of strife and failed peace talks, both sides in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict decide to settle their differences on a soccer field in this bold satire.
Family connections lost in the aftermath of WW II are amazingly found again almost 70 years later.
A Jerusalem stabbing attack bonds two despondent women in this story of faith, understanding, acceptance, and love.
This audacious comedy pokes fun at the hypocrisy of Germany's culture of remembrance and sets the grandchildren of the perpetrators and victims on a collision course.
A gay couple would like to marry, but problems with their families' beliefs and a paternity issue complicate matters in this comedy.
Based on a true story, Fanny's Journey is an incredible tale of bravery, strength and survival set in 1943 Europe.
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A personal look at Germany's changing narrative of the Holocaust and its transformation since the end of World War II.
A young girl learns the truth about her family's secret identity in a 1960s provincial Austrian town still harboring prejudices from the past.
Three Arab-Israeli women share an apartment in Tel Aviv and try to balance their traditions with the modern world.
This passionate story of love and independence set in pre-state Israel is based on the true story of theatre director and actress Pnina Gary.
A 91-year-old Holocaust survivor's violin donation during an instrument drive changes the life of a 12-year-old Bronx girl.
A man and a woman form a close bond who live in a group home for adults who suffer from autism.
In the heart of New York's ultra-orthodox Hasidic community, a kind clerk struggles to make ends meet and parent his son following his wife's death.
A socially awkward young woman takes her first tentative steps toward independence and fulfilling a lifelong dream in this Dutch romantic dramedy.
Centerpiece Event
Join us for the Centerpiece Event with the Northern California Premiere with our special guest, director Yonatan Nir. In this documentary, a group of remarkable young people with Down syndrome embarks on a demanding trip through the Himalayas, accompanied by their brothers and sisters.
Richard Gere stars in this comic and compassionate story of a New York fixer's rise and fall.
Two Israeli sisters delve into the dark mystery of their father's former life in WWII-era Poland.
In Jerusalem, a city increasingly dominated by religious fanaticism, a secular young woman, seeks refuge from the pressure of her life in Tel Aviv as a concert pianist.
In vibrant contemporary Berlin, a Jewish criminal investigator tries to solve the murder of an Israeli DJ.
Two senior citizens discover it's never too late to fall in love in this unabashedly sentimental romance.
A collapsed synagogue leads to a gender rift in a devout Orthodox community in Jerusalem, in this rousing, good-hearted tale about women speaking truth to patriarchal power.
SVJFF Closing Night Special Event
Join us for the Closing Night with special guests, director Yariv Mozer, and David Ben-Gurion's grandson, Alon Ben-Gurion.Newly discovered 1968 interview footage of David Ben-Gurion reveals his prophecy, his dedication to Zionism, and a life filled with self-examination.


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After the initial lockdown the society underwent all across UAE, restrictions put in place have been eased following which the Dubai Criminal Court has resumed hearing cases.
The court staff has resumed their duties in the courtrooms on June 14 after the court had been closed on March 17. However, the proceedings of some cases will continue to be undertaken online.
Starting this week, all defendants in police custody on minor charges will face their cases online.
However, the officials have clarified that those who were charged and were out in bail will be required to appear in court in person.
The government was aware of the need to continue criminal proceedings despite the pandemic. Hence, it had introduced remote hearings from April 19. The move was taken to pursue criminal proceedings without any obstacles.
The director-general Taresh Eid Al Mansouri informed the Dubai Courts would "save time and effort" of customers by continuing to "employ smart services" and promote its use.