text:
All images © by Roberto Piperno, owner of the domain. Write to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Page revised in December 2022.
All images © by Roberto Piperno, owner of the domain. Write to email@example.com.
Page revised in December 2022.
In this page:
The Tetrarchy
Battle of Ponte Milvio
In November 284 the young co-emperor Numerian fell ill in Syria and died in rather obscure
circumstances: Diocles, the head of the imperial bodyguard, accused the prefect of the Praetorian guard of having poisoned the emperor and killed him.
Diocles was acclaimed emperor by the army and he took the more Latin name of Diocletianus (Diocletian).
Carinus, the other co-emperor and brother of Numerian, was defeated in the following year by Diocletian, who thus became the sole ruler.
The new emperor was aware of the weakness of his position: in the previous fifty years many emperors had been overturned after just a few years or even months of reign. Diocletian appointed as co-emperor (Augustus) Maximian, a general with a large support in the army, thus enlarging the base of his power.
Diocletian chose as his residence Nicomedia (today's Izmit), a town near the Bosporus, from which he could closely follow and react to developments on the Danube and Persian borders and in Egypt, a country which was shattered by religion driven revolts. Maximian took responsibility for the western part of the empire and he usually resided in Milan, in northern Italy. Rome was no longer the residence of the emperors and its Senate had less and less say in state affairs.
Milan: a section of the walls built by Maximian, now inside the Archaeological Museum
Diocletian ruled for twenty years and he introduced radical reforms which had a
lasting impact so that historians set at his time the beginning of the Late Empire, the last phase of the Roman Empire.
Slaves were the main energy source of the Ancient World: the economy of Athens, the birthplace of democracy, was supported by the work of 20,000 slaves in the silver mines of nearby Lavrio. The procession of slaves behind the chariot of a pharaoh or a consul meant good news for the economy and the expansionistic policies pursued by all the ancient empires were very much dictated by the need to acquire unpaid labour.
Diocletian realized that the Roman Empire had no longer the strength to conquer other nations; most of the slaves (or their descendants) had become freemen, although very often they had continued to work for their previous owners: because of repeated economic crises which had hit the empire in the IIIrd century many small farmers had been forced to sell their land: the agriculture had become based on latifundia, very large estates owned by a few families, which employed former slaves and former small farmers. Diocletian, by a mixture of fiscal and civil laws, laid the groundwork for the development of serfage, the feudal system where agricultural labourers were tied to working on their lord's estate.
The empire security had been based for centuries on the defence of its borders; Diocletian changed this strategy by reducing the troops along the border and by stationing some legions at a certain distance from it with the aim of creating a sort of task force which would intervene when circumstances required it. This new approach required a larger army and this increased the tax burden, so that Diocletian had to complete his reforms by developing a new monetary and fiscal system. He tried to stop inflation by fixing maximum prices for many commodities throughout the whole empire.
All these changes led to some reactions, but overall the stability of the empire brought about a period of economic development.
Terme di Diocleziano: (left) central hall (now part of S. Maria degli Angeli); (right)
circular hall used as a granary by the popes
Diocletian is remembered in Rome by the large baths built during his reign: as a matter of fact they were built by Maximian and dedicated to Diocletian, who visited Rome only once. They were larger than Caracalla's ones and so soundly built that most of their halls still stand. Through the centuries these halls have housed churches and granaries and more recently cinemas and restaurants. Diocletian rebuilt Curia Julia, the hall of the Senate which had been destroyed by fire in 283.
Diocletian tackled the issue of ensuring an orderly transition of power
at the emperor's death by convincing Maximian that they should appoint
their successors choosing them outside their family circle and that they should allow them
to train for their future responsibilities by exercising power on a part of the empire.
In Diocletian's mind the empire was to be ruled by an imperial family composed by two
Augusti and by two Caesares. Every ten years the two Augusti would abdicate and be
replaced by the two Caesares who in turn would nominate two other Caesares.
This system was called Tetrarchy (four rulers) and it was first implemented in 293 when Diocletian chose as his Caesar Galerius Maximianus, (who married Valeria, Diocletian's daughter) and Maximian chose as his Caesar Gaius Flavius Valerius Constantius (known as Chlorus, the Pale, due to the whiteness of his face) who had married Maximian's stepdaughter, after having renounced his first wife Helena.
This reform of the government structure which split the empire into four areas was accompanied by an overall redesign of the empire territory which was divided into twelve dioceses, which in turn were divided into smaller partitions (provinces). This pyramidal structure anticipated that known as the feudal system.
Diocletian introduced an elaborate ceremonial which was to be strictly followed by those who were admitted to his presence; they had to kneel down and kiss the lower part of his dress: they were not allowed to raise their eyes on the emperor who claimed to be a reincarnation of Jupiter.
Diocletian was eventually forced to persecute those who refused to consider the emperor as a divine monarch. In 296 he issued a decree against the Manichaeans, the believers in a faith of Persian origin, resulting in numerous martyrs in Egypt and North Africa. Manichaeism was based on radical dualism between Good and Evil and it did not assign any role to the emperor. In 303 a similar decree was issued against the Christians and again the persecution was particularly cruel in Egypt, to the point that the Coptic (Egyptian) calendar counts the years from Diocletian's accession to the throne.
Foro Romano (near the Rostra): base of a column erected to
celebrate the 10th anniversary of the Tetrarchy; one of its reliefs depicts a "suovetaurilia", a sacrifice ceremony which was already represented on a larger scale in Plutei di Traiano, another monument of the Forum
In 303 Maximian, who had jurisdiction over Rome, erected in the Forum five columns to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Tetrarchy: four columns were dedicated to the tetrarchs and the fifth to Jupiter. The reliefs of the only remaining base of the columns show a poor quality, a clear sign that the prolonged lack of commissions due to the absence of the emperor had had a negative impact on the availability of talented sculptors in Rome.
In 305 Diocletian convinced Maximian that it was time
for them to abdicate: Galerius and Constantius Chlorus became the new Augusti and they
chose as Caesares two other generals: Severus and Maximinus.
Diocletian had in mind the adoption process which had granted the prosperity of the empire from Nerva to Marcus Aurelius and he forced the other tetrarchs not to nominate their own sons as successors. The system he had devised worked as planned and the new Tetrarchy was accepted by the army. There were however two men who felt the system was depriving them of their rights: Maxentius, son of Maximian, and Constantine, son of Constantius Chlorus.
In 306 Constantius died at Eboracum (York) and the troops that same day proclaimed Constantine Augustus; Galerius, the other Augustus tried to reach an accommodation and forced Severus to appoint Constantine as his Caesar. Galerius thought in this way to save the Tetrarchy, but just a few weeks later in Rome Maxentius, supported by the praetorians, claimed for him the title of Augustus.
Severus tried to restore his authority in Rome, but his troops deserted and he surrendered himself to the rebels. At this point Maximian made an attempt to return on the scene with the support of Constantine, who was his son-in-law, and against his own son.
In 308 Diocletian, abandoning his retreat at Spalatum (Split), convened a sort of conference at Carnuntum (near Vienna), at the end of which Constantine was confirmed Caesar and a new man, Licinius, replaced Severus in the role of Augustus.
Maxentius was never recognized either as Caesar or as Augustus and the tetrarchs regarded him as an usurper; however they did not move to crush his rebellion and for some years Maxentius ruled over Rome and parts of Italy and the province of Africa.
Tempio di Romolo:
detail of the entrance
Maxentius tried to acquire legitimacy by emphasizing the ancient role of Rome: he built a new temple (dedicated to his deceased son Romulus) and a large basilica in the Forum and even a new hippodrome near Via Appia. The decoration of these buildings was to some extent taken from other monuments: an obelisk was moved from the city to the hippodrome. The fine portal of the temple to Romulus is most likely a work of the previous centuries, but the use of porphyry as a symbol of the imperial power began in this period.
In April 311 Galerius put an end to the persecution of the Christians and declared
religio lecita (legitimate religion) their faith.
A few days later he died: relations among the remaining three tetrarchs were very
tense: Constantine controlled the western part of the empire with
the exception of most of Italy, while Licinius and Maximinus ruled over its eastern part.
Constantine thought the time had come to move against his brother-in-law Maxentius. He laid siege to Verona, which was loyal to Maxentius and, after having conquered this fortified town, he descended the Italian peninsula towards Rome. Maxentius had strengthened the walls of Rome, but nevertheless he decided not to wait for Constantine to lay siege to the city and the two armies engaged on the Via Flaminia, north of Rome. After the first unfavourable skirmishes Maxentius tried to retreat to Rome, but he had to manoeuvre in a narrow space because Via Flaminia is flanked by the Tiber on one side and by hills on the other. The retreat became a rout at Ponte Milvio and Maxentius fell into the river and drowned.
Arco di Costantino: (above) battle of Ponte Milvio; (below) siege of Verona
In 315 an arch was erected by the Roman Senate to celebrate Constantine: its decoration was mainly composed of reliefs
taken from monuments to Trajan, Hadrian and Marcus Aurelius, but six reliefs portrayed the victorious campaign
of Constantine against Maxentius. The inscription of the arch
makes reference to a divine inspiration (ISTINCTU DIVINITATIS) which helped Constantine.
According to the Christian tradition, before the battle Constantine had the vision of a cross accompanied by a cloth with the words EN TOUTOI NIKA (Greek) - IN HOC SIGNO VINCES (Latin) (with this symbol you will win) and he placed a cross and Christ's monogram on his war emblems. The relief portraying the battle of Ponte Milvio is damaged: a flying character can maybe seen in its left side: this character (an angel or more likely a personification of Victory) is very clearly visible in the relief showing the siege of Verona.
It is interesting to note that the troops of Maxentius were represented wearing the uniform which (in Trajan's Column) identified the Sarmatians, a tribe living in southern Russia: the Senate chose to ignore that the battle of Ponte Milvio had been fought during a civil war, and not in a campaign against the external enemies of the Empire. In the lower relief Constantine appears to the right of the angel: his size is much larger than that of the other figures.
The image used as a background for this page shows a detail of Constantine's Vision by Gian Lorenzo Bernini.
Italians have a saying (parenti/serpenti - relatives/snakes) to mean that often the worst conflicts develop within a family; in 313 a row broke out in the imperial family designed by Diocletian: Licinius defeated Maximinus and became the sole ruler of the eastern part of the empire. He and Constantine met that same year in Milan where they jointly issued the Edict of Tolerance, by which they granted all citizens freedom in the exercise of religion. Constantine ruled over the western part of the empire where the ancient religion and the more modern faiths in Mithra and Sol Invictus were still prevailing; by this edict he thought to gain the favour of Licinius' subjects, many of whom had embraced the Christian faith.
British Museum: (left) silver bowl celebrating the tenth anniversary of Licinius' rule and wishing him ten other years "Sic X, sic XX"; (right) jewel incorporating a golden coin of Constantine
The two Augusti did not trust each other and in the following years they had
repeated clashes. However it was only in 324 that their
confrontation evolved into open war.
Constantine defeated Licinius at Adrianopolis (today's Edirne in European Turkey) forcing him to retreat to Byzantium. Crispus, Constantine's oldest son and Caesar, blocked the city by sea, while a storm destroyed Licinius' fleet. Eventually Licinius surrendered and abdicated: he was initially treated as a sort of pensioner, but one year later he was executed. Constantine became the sole ruler of the empire.
(left/centre) Foro Romano near Arco di Settimio Severo: bases of statues dedicated to Maxentius and Constantine; (right) statue of Constantine in
Piazza del Campidoglio
IMP(erator) MAXENTIUS P(ius) F(elix)(*)
INVICTUS AUG(ustus)
(*) erased line
Constantine spent most of his life away from Rome, especially at Augusta Treverorum (Trier) where he could rely on the support of the legionaries: the government of the city was
entrusted to a Praefectus Urbi who was responsible also for the maintenance
of the imperial palaces. Many inscriptions and honorary columns dedicated to Constantine and other members of his
family are "signed" by this high officer.
It is interesting to highlight the use of new terms to define the emperor.
While the first emperors were divinized only after their death, Diocletian required
to be called dominus and deus (Lord and God) and the word dominus
in particular was frequently associated with the following emperors. Maxentius used
it in an altar dedicated to Mars, while the Praefectus Urbi used it with reference to the emperor.
In addition to the arch the victory of Constantine was celebrated by building new baths on the Quirinale hill; they were decorated with statues and reliefs taken from other monuments, with the exception of statues portraying Constantine and his son by the same name. The sculptor portrayed them in the typical attire and posture of many other previous emperors, but the face is void of expression: the naturalistic approach of classical art was gradually being replaced by a symbolic one as shown in a gigantic marble statue of Constantine.
In 330 Constantine renamed with his name the city of Byzantium
where he had defeated Licinius.
The monuments he built in Costantinople
reflect the ambiguity of the emperor's religious politics. He built temples to Castor and Pollux and to Tyche,
the local deity, and he placed at the top of a column a portrait of himself
wearing the symbols of Sol Invictus (Unconquered/Invincible Sun), a god who was very popular among his troops.
At the same time he allowed the Christian community to build large churches, in one of which (Aghia Apostoli - Holy Apostles - lost)
he was eventually buried in a porphyry sarcophagus.
He built an imperial palace which was not just a residence, but housed the large court which presided over the administration of the empire.
Constantine played a significant role in trying to iron out the growing differences among the Christians. The main contrast revolved around the figure of Jesus who, according to the Egyptian theologian Arius, was subordinate to God the Father. This view was challenged by other bishops and eventually an ecumenical council (meeting of all bishops) was convened at Nicaea. The outcome of the council was a condemnation of Arianism which was regarded as heretical. The Arian Creed however continued to be preached and had a large number of followers including members of the imperial family and Ulfilas, a missionary who converted the Goths, a group of Germanic tribes living beyond the Danube.
Basilica Costantiniana adjoining S. Costanza
The Edict of Tolerance allowed the Christians living in Rome to build their
first large churches: the traditional layout of the pagan temple was abandoned both
because it did not suit the Christian ceremonies and to mark a
difference from the old beliefs. The oldest churches of Rome had the rectangular shape of the
Roman basilicas and they were built on the tombs of saints and
martyrs, which were located outside the walls: this was the origin of S. Pietro,
S. Paolo, S. Agnese and S. Lorenzo.
Owing mainly to the initiatives of Helena, Constantine's mother, who had converted to the Christian faith, other basilicas were built within the walls, although far from the Forum: S. Giovanni in Laterano and S. Croce in Gerusalemme.
All these early basilicas were replaced by other buildings or were greatly modified in the following centuries.
Constantine was the first Christian emperor, a glory which has served to cover a multitude of sins: it is indeed impossible to forget that he was the chosen instrument of a great and blessed revolution, but in other respects it is as impossible to look back to the period of Constantine without horror - an era when bloodshed and barbarism, and the general depravity of morals and taste seemed to have reached their climax.
Anna Jameson - Diary of an Ennuyée - 1826
For the Greek Orthodox Church Constantine is a saint and many paintings and statues in the churches of Rome celebrate him almost as a saint. The fact that he killed his second wife, his eldest son, his father-in-law and two of his brothers-in-law is regarded as a venial sin.
Musei Capitolini: "Tensa Capitolina", a ceremonial cart (see it in a IVth century "opus sectile" panel from the Basilica di Giunio Basso); its fragments were found in the environs of Rome in 1872; it is dated 325-350 AD; its decoration is mainly based on bronze bands depicting events of the life of Achilles which indicates that the traditional myths were still in fashion at the time. You may wish to see another ceremonial cart which was found in 2021 at Pompeii.
The following links show works of art portraying characters and events
mentioned in this page; they open in another window:
Statue of the Tetrarchs in St. Mark's - Venice.
The Battle of Ponte Milvio by Giulio Romano.
The Entry of Constantine into Rome by Peter Paul Rubens (1622).
Next page:
XII - The End of Ancient Rome
Previous pages:
I - The Foundation and the Early Days of Rome
II - The Early Republican Period
III - The Romans Meet the Elephants
IV - Expansion in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
V - Pompey and Caesar
VI - Augustus
VII - From Tiberius to Nero
VIII - The Flavian Dynasty
IX - From Nerva to Marcus Aurelius
X - A Century of Turmoil (180-285)


text: USATSI_10604706_168384754_lowres By Sam Blazer on February 12, 2018 About Sam Blazer Sam is a self proclaimed chess prodigy. He once placed seventh in the state of Ohio in Chess when he was in kindergarten. He will rarely if ever mention though that only eight people were entered in this tournament. Contact him at email@example.com View all posts by Sam Blazer Follow on Twitter Show Comments (0)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Question - I seem to stuck at the site concept keyword. My first thought was to build a site about Classical Guitar - Specialize in its Technique.
Another theme I would like to do is Travel Singapore, which probably I can expand my monetize items to another Solo Build It site Travel Asia.
Please give me your thoughts on these two ideas?
Answer - If you would like to build your site on Classical Guitar, it would be called
something like www.classicalguitartips.com
or www.specializedclassicalguitar.com
or something like that (as long as it's available and not trademarked already).
Three words are still good so don't worry about having a long URL as long as it's on topic with your chosen niche concept.


text:
Cheapest 9 seater car hire in Paphos City, Cyprus
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Opel Vivaro
9 seat people carrier
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9 seat people carrier
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9 seat people carrier
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9 seater hire cars in Paphos Airport [PFO] and other relevant vehicles 8.34 km / 5.18 mi
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9 seater hire cars in Polis City Centre and other relevant vehicles 28.93 km / 17.97 mi
Opel Zafira
7 seat people carrier
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Kia Picanto
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Kia Cerato
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Nearby car hire locations at airports
Paphos Airport [PFO]
8.34 km / 5.18 mi
Nearby downtown car hire locations
Polis City Centre
28.93 km / 17.97 mi
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FAQs - 9 seater rent in Paphos City, Cyprus
What is the best 9 seater vehicle in Paphos City, Cyprus?
If you want to enjoy improved ride comfort, pick up a luxury 9 seater car hire. Some of the options available in this car group will pleasantly surprise you. For example, some vehicles in this group have automatic sliding doors. This feature allows you to open and close the doors at the touch of a button, and thus ease the process of loading/unloading.
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The most expensive 9 seater VAN rental in Paphos City, Cyprus is Mercedes Vito Traveliner from AVIS available at £156/day. For a complete list of luxury people carriers, please fill out the search form at the top of the page.
Top 9 seat car hire deals in Paphos City, Cyprus
You have access to a variety of 9 seat minibus hire vehicles in Paphos City, Cyprus. Consider all the available models in the following list: Opel Vivaro, Citroen Jumpy, Renault Trafic, and Mercedes Vito Traveliner.
|Opel Vivaro
|9 seat people carrier
|5 doors
|4 suitcases
|Citroen Jumpy
|9 seat people carrier
|5 doors
|4 suitcases
|Renault Trafic
|9 seat people carrier
|5 doors
|4 suitcases
Who can drive a 9 seater minibus in Paphos City, Cyprus?
Anyone who is at least 18 years of age can rent a 9 seater car in Paphos City, Cyprus for personal use, but not for commercial transportation. However, some companies rent out vehicles to drivers aged 19 or older. Be aware that additional charges and vehicle class restrictions may apply to drivers under 25 years of age. Moreover, many companies have certain car group restrictions for young drivers, so if you are under 25, consult the company's official website.
What do I need to hire a 9 seater in Paphos City, Cyprus?
You must provide the required paperwork. The list of 9 seater car hire documents required includes:
- Full driving licence. The customer must carry a driving licence held for a minimum of 1 year. For overseas travellers, an international driving permit is also required.
- Extra identification method. Companies require a national or international passport as a second method of identification.
- Valid bank card. A credit or debit card in the name of the driver serves for booking and payment. The minimum balance on the card must be enough to pay the full reservation price plus equipment and deposit.
- Rental voucher. After finalising the booking, we will send you a voucher which serves as proof of payment.
- Any other document. The supplier may require another document to verify your physical address or identity.
Do I need a special driving licence to drive the 9 seater in Paphos City, Cyprus?
According to the 9 seater minibus licence requirements, you don't need a special licence as long as you are using the auto for personal use. This is because this vehicle group is adapted to carry 9 passengers by reducing the vehicle to a size that doesn't require a special driving licence.
What category is a 9 seater minibus?
The 9 seater minibus category includes people carriers with a capacity of 9 to 16 passengers. Usually, these require a PCV licence category D1 or a category D licence to drive. However, the standard licence is OK if you are using the vehicle for personal purposes.
What are the advantages of a 9 seater self drive hire in Paphos City, Cyprus?
You will understand the advantages of a 9 seater minibus hire self drive as soon as you start to organise a big trip with family or friends. First of all, such an auto eliminates the need to pick up two standard vehicles. Consequently, you save on the total reservation rate, parking, insurance, and fuel costs. Also, a self drive 9 seater hire is better in terms of comfort. It offers more head and leg room, and also provides a higher seating position. This results in outstanding visibility for when you want to enjoy the surrounding sights on your drive.
What types of 9 seater minibus insurance are offered in Paphos City, Cyprus?
The type of 9 seater minibus insurance required depends on the purpose for which you are operating the vehicle. In general, commercial minibus insurance and taxi minibus insurance are available. Unless you plan to use the nine-seater for financial gain and as a hired driver, private or commercial insurance is enough for coverage. In this case, you get protection similar to any standard van insurance.
However, if you are carrying passengers for the purpose of income, you need to buy a different type of car insurance for a 9 seater. Such coverage should take into account the fact that the auto is being used as a taxi.
Do I need Excess insurance for a 9 seater minibus?
Collecting a larger people carrier is practically no different than driving a conventional sedan in terms of the insurance. Although 9 seater minibus insurance is more expensive due to the vehicle's larger size, it also has a certain excess amount payable in the event of a claim.
However, the standard protection plan doesn't cover damage to the wheels or windows of a rental. Thus, you can benefit from excess insurance, which will help you avoid any financial expenses associated with driving a nine-seater.
What is temporary 9 seater minibus insurance?
If you don't plan on driving for a long time, consider 9 seater temp insurance for your upcoming journey, which is a perfect way to save time and money when renting a vehicle. This type of protection covers the following things:
- Any damage to your minibus caused by accident or intent
- Fire, theft, or attempted theft resulting in loss or damage to your vehicle
- Third-party property and other persons involved in an accident through your fault
- Personal belongings in the vehicle
Keep in mind that the exact list of covered items depends on the individual insurer. Also, check if temporary insurance is valid at the destination you are driving to.


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Picture cards
From FreeReading
You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to read these files. Get it here.
Note that these picture cards have the word that each picture represents printed on them for your reference. When using them with phonological awareness activities, though, you should either fold over or cut off these printed words; otherwise, students may use the letters as prompts (recognizing the letter 'o', for instance, rather than listening for the sound /o/).
Index card picture cards
- Download
- Pictures of items beginning with letters A-Z
- Cards that you can print out and glue to standard 3x5 index cards
Full page picture cards
- Download A-L
- Download M-Z
- Pictures of items beginning with letters A-Z
- Large picture cards for activities with the entire class


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As I spun the radio dial this morning I caught Don Imus (remember when he used to have a radio presence?) railing about the dire circumstances of veterans in America. Per Don and Deirdre, one vet in four coming home from Iraq and Afghanistan is homeless - 200,000 altogether. Deirdre's information was apparently inspired by some recent event involving Judy Woodruff (if I heard that correctly, and who knows?)
Since the 200,000 figure is for all vets stretching back to the Spanish-American War, I am quite sure the Imus's stats are muddled.
Fortunately, no one is listening.


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|Proud Racer: An American Greyhound
in Yorkshire, by Nancy E. Dunne
Just wanted to give you guys a little heads up that Daisy's second book, An American Greyhound in Yorkshire, has been entered in the Amazon Breakthrough Novel Award Contest for 2013. I don't expect that it will go anywhere but…you never know. Three cheers for Daisy Mei Mei, international dog of mystery…and for her mommy for finally sprouting a pair and going for a contest. Fingers and paws crossed!


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Rich "Crackman" Comeras has been in the wet basement business for 20 years, so he's pretty convincing when he says there are three things in life you can count on: "Death, taxes, and, if you have concrete, it's going to crack."
And in the right conditions — a trifecta of spring thaw, snow melt, and rain — a crack can lead to water in the basement and even mold, especially if that basement is finished. "We are busy all year round," said Comeras, owner of A-1 Foundation Crack Repair in Hudson. "But when we have three days of rain, we are answering the phone from 6 a.m. to 10 o'clock at night."
While the Boston area may not be facing a three-day deluge, snow is melting and rain is in the forecast for Friday.
So if you find yourself with a wet basement, you've got two paths to a solution: Tackle the problem yourself or call a professional. Either way, the first step is identifying the source of your water problem.
Is water coming in from the outside, from heavy rain or snow melt? Or, is it an indoor humidity problem? The answer is obvious if you've got an inch of water on your basement floor. If not, Family Handyman, a DIY website for homeowners, recommends taping a piece of aluminum foil to your basement wall for a few days. Moisture on the wall behind the foil means water is coming from the outside. Moisture on the front of the foil points to high indoor humidity.
With the first day of spring arriving next week, we are going to focus on water coming in from the outside.
Jeff Underwood's family has been operating Robinsons Hardware in Framingham and Hudson for nearly 60 years. Early on, Underwood's father taught seminars for homeowners who wanted to tackle their wet basement themselves. The seminars ended years ago, but Underwood still walks customers through their options when they come in, often in a panic.
Underwood can rent you a water pump and wet/dry vacuum to remove the water, a blower to dry the area, a dehumidifier to pull remaining moisture from the air, and even an ozone generator to eliminate lingering odors. Places like Home Depot and Rental Depot of Boston also rent some equipment.
If you have a finished basement, you need to get the rugs out and replace any sheetrock that has absorbed water. Pull any snow away from your foundation. Make sure your gutters are clean and downspouts are directed away from your foundation. Consider a downspout extender that drains the water even farther away.
Once the water is gone, you can plug cracks with caulking and then seal them with a concrete-like sealant, a silicone-based sealant, or waterproofing paint. Those products cost between $30 and $50. This is likely going be a short-term fix: Either the sealant will give way to the water or you'll get new cracks in your concrete.
Your long-term solution is installing a pump and drainage system in your concrete floor. The Internet has plenty of videos that will tell you how to do this, but the tool and equipment list is long and includes a jackhammer. This is when Underwood would suggest calling in a professional.
Calling in the experts
Ron Canelli, owner of Northeast Basement Systems in Seabrook, N.H., has seen a lot of DIY-gone-bad situations in his 30 years of waterproofing basements and crawl spaces. "Homeowners spend a lot of money to paint and seal the basement," he said. "It's a lot of time and a lot of money and a lot of energy [for] a solution we know is not going to work."
Canelli's drainage systems run the perimeter of the basement and sit above the surface for easy access, rather than under the floor like some drainage systems. Wall panels direct water coming from outside into a drain channel that is connected to a sump pump. The sump pump removes the water from the basement.
It's not a cheap solution — $6,000 to $9,000 —
but it comes with a warranty that transfers to a new owner if you sell your home.
Comeras is also not a fan of the hardware store sealants and waterproof paints. "If you think about it, how can paint stop [water] pressure from coming through a wall?" he said. "It can't." He explains this — and more — in detail in his Crackman podcasts and videos on his website, www.a1foundationcrackrepair.com.
Comeras focuses on sealing cracks and leaks with things that sound very un-DIY — like "epoxy injection" and "weave carbon fiber blanket repairs" — and installing sump pumps. Rather than a drainage system, Comeras's fixes aim to keep water from seeping in. It's a cheaper fix — under $700 — that also comes with a warranty that transfers if you sell your home.
Annmarie Timmins can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Having your novel properly formatted when sending it out to beta-readers or agents is important. Not only does it look professional, but it keeps your readers from being distracted by huge blocks of text.
If you are an indie author and planning to publish through Amazon, Smashwords etc…I HIGHLY recommend paying for a professional to format your novel. There's a lot more to this kind of formatting and a professional will ensure your novel looks just right.
From the moment you open your word document, go to the PAGE LAYOUT tab. Go to SPACING and in the AFTER box, change the spacing to 0pt. This will remove the large spaces between paragraphs.
You may want to also click on the PARAGRAPH tab and change your spacing to double. Agents will want it this way, but for my own use, and for beta-readers, I prefer to leave it as single.
The standard font to use is TIMES NEW ROMAN. This is the best font to use when sending to an agent. But there are other options. I prefer to use BOOK ANTIQUA, or you can use COURIER, or GARAMOND. Don't choose fancy fonts. Stick with simple.
This is where people get confused.
First of all, don't use the tab key unless you've reset the indent. Always indent 5 spaces. I've gotten into the habit of hitting the space bar 5 times. If you can reset your tab length, do that. But 5 spaces will give you the perfect indent.
Indenting the first line of a paragraph indicates a pause. It was drilled in our heads in high school and college to indent every line. DON'T do that with your manuscript.
The start of a chapter should NOT be indented, because there is no need for a pause. Check any novel on your shelf and you'll see what I mean. This is a page from Philippa Gregory's, Changeling. You can see there is no space at the start of the chapter.
The next indent is up for debate. When you use an asterisks (*) or symbol within a chapter to indicate a scene break, do you need to indent? Well…yes and no. I've seen many novels that do indent after a scene break. But I've also seen many more that don't. Technically, the indent is not needed after an asterisks or symbol because the pause is already indicated.
This page has a long, elaborate symbol, but it serves the same purpose as an asterisks. And as you can see, there is no indent.
That's about it for formatting.
If you want, you can also start your chapters half way down the page. Don't forget to number your pages and if you're querying, make sure to add your name and the title of the novel in the header.


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The Smithsonian American Latino Museum could soon have a permanent home.
That's because members of Congress introduced bipartisan legislation Tuesday to authorize a designated location for it, the Smithsonian's Arts Industries building on the National Mall.
The bill comes after the 2011 report of the bipartisan Commission to Study the Potential Creation of the National Museum of American Latino; that commissioner was established in 2008.
New Jersey Sen. Robert Menendez will announce the bill on Wednesday at the Senate Hart Office Building in Capitol Hill.
"With this legislation we continue moving forward with the creation of national museum that honors the countless political, cultural, and economic contributions of the Latino community, "Menendez said in a statement. "One step at a time, we are bringing to fruition a long overdue project to honor and document the influence American Latinos have had in weaving the cultural and historical fabric of American life throughout our nation's history."
Senators Marco Rubio and Harry Reid and Representatives Xavier Becerra and Ileana Ros-Lehtinen were co-sponsored the legislation.
"Authorizing the use of federal land on the National Mall is an important step in laying the ground work to establish the American Latino Museum," Rubio said in a statement. "This will be an enduring monument to people who have found opportunity and refuge in America and strengthened her in return, while also serving as a tribute to this exceptional country which welcomes people and helps them realize their dreams like no other place has ever done in all of human history.
"At a time when our nation faces major economic and fiscal challenges, I am pleased that this effort will not rely on taxpayer dollars and that this bill will encourage private fundraising efforts to make it a reality," he said.
You can reach Alexandra Gratereaux at: email@example.com or via Twitter: @GalexLatino
Follow us on twitter.com/foxnewslatino
Like us at facebook.com/foxnewslatino


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Here's this week's goodies:
You just KNOW somebody in your household needs to know how to make some cool balloon animals this summer. It occurs to me that a nice stock of balloons from the local party store along with these links would sure keep 'em occupied for a long while. And who knows? They might be a big hit at your next party or get-together.
So Here's a neat PDF ebook on BALLOON TWISTING 101 for beginners!
And below is a great site with dozens of well-illustrated tutorials on how to make your own balloon animal sculptures… from very basic shapes to crazy, intricate creations. Have fun!
Click here and then click through to all the tutorial links.
iCivics is chock full of interactive games, curriculum and lesson plans for teaching young people more about civics… and it's all free! Here's what they say about their mission on the site:
There is an important link between civic knowledge and civic engagement. Our system thrives if Americans understand how our government and its branches work. In fact, our public schools were founded to teach young people to understand these structures, and to cultivate informed citizens. Yet students are growing up in an uncivic-minded era. Civic education has nearly disappeared from the school curriculum. More than ever, youth are not voting and are becoming disillusioned with the political process. This is why, after serving 25 years on the bench of the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor founded iCivics in 2009: to restore civic education in our nation's schools.
The success of any democratic system depends on the active participation of its citizens. iCivics gives students the necessary tools to learn about and participate in civic life, and teachers the materials and support to achieve this goal. Our free resources include print-and-go lesson plans, interactive digital tools, and award-winning games.
iCivics teaches students how government works by having them experience it directly. Through our games, the player steps into any role – a judge, a member of Congress, a community activist fighting for local change, even the President of the United States – and does the job they do. Educational video games allow for concepts to happen to us. They convey information while teaching skills for effective civic engagement.
Click here to go to the site!
If your kids enjoy coloring, or YOU enjoy coloring, we've got a great resource site for you today!
This site, organized by The New York Academy of Medicine Library, features over 100 free downloadable coloring books and coloring pages for children and adults from museums, schools, and institutions all across the country. Each reflects the materials that they hold in their collections. The range of participating organizations and their available subject matter is impressive; from rare books to scientific diagrams to ornate Art Nouveau. There is truly something for everyone—and hours upon hours of relaxing (and educational!) entertainment.
Click here to go to the site!
Originally created for library program use, this neat little guide offers dozens of fun and simple craft projects using inexpensive materials you probably already have on hand. Lots of full color photos, simple instructions, and some great projects that are easy for you to prepare for, and that your kids will enjoy.
CLICK HERE to download this PDF ebook!
Want to know what 10 classic living books are all about… in just 10 minutes? Your tweens and teens may get a kick out of following along and deciphering these humorous 1 minute summaries of these famous stories. Along with partners Jim Becker and Andy Mayer, John "Mighty Mouth" Moschitta recorded a pugnacious take on ten classic novels in which he summarizes each book's entire story in approximately one minute. Included in this collection, entitled Ten Classics in Ten Minutes, are Herman Melville's Moby Dick; William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet; F Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby; Margaret Mitchell's Gone with the Wind; and John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath.
Yep, this resource is really just for the fun of it, but students will also at least get a notion of what these classic stories are about. If you want to have some fun with these and see if your student actually listens, have your student tell YOU what the story is about after watching one of these videos. Then try it with someone else in the family (mom, dad, siblings, etc.).
CLICK HERE to go to this YouTube playlist.
Looking for a fun art project that can be either simple OR challenging for all ages? Here's a GREAT guide to creating beautiful torn paper collages using old magazines, newspapers, junk mail, sheet music, photos, scrap paper, construction paper or whatever you have around the house. It includes step by step instructions and lots of wonderful full-color project examples!
CLICK HERE to download this PDF lesson guide!


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Get Pasta Delivered or To-Go in Crooksville, OH
Got an appetite for comfort food in Crooksville, OH? Delight in perfectly-seasoned baked pasta delivered to your home, work, or even a Crooksville Domino's Hotspot®. Prefer to place a pasta takeout order? Order pasta carryout online and get it to-go at your nearest Domino's — it'll be waiting for you when you get here. Whether you want vegetarian pasta as a side dish, or you're craving Chicken Carbonara as your main course, Domino's is your go-to restaurant for delicious pasta delivery in Crooksville, Ohio.
Crooksville, OH Pasta Delivery & Takeout Menu
Hungry for traditional flavors? Satisfy your craving with tender pasta tossed in creamy Alfredo sauce and topped with grilled chicken. Or, give your Chicken Alfredo a savory twist by ordering the Chicken Carbonara instead. It has the same basic ingredients as the classic Alfredo, but it's crowned with crisp onions, sauteed mushrooms, and smoked bacon that's a party for your palate!
Want meatless Alfredo pasta? Order Pasta Primavera that'll make your vegetarian dreams come true. It offers a hearty serving of sauteed mushrooms, ripe tomato chunks, and fresh spinach, tossed with al dente penne in a mouth-watering Alfredo sauce. Prefer zesty over creamy? Turn things up a notch with Italian Sausage Marinara pasta. It's got spicy sausage, zesty marinara, and tender noodles under a layer of hot melted provolone.
If none of the pasta menu options tickle your fancy, build a custom pasta to satisfy both your hunger and your creative streak. You'd be hard-pressed to find another pasta delivery place in Crooksville that offers a build your own pasta option! Start out by picking your favorite sauce — creamy Alfredo or hearty marinara. Then, choose a combination of three toppings to season your pasta dinner just the way you like it!
Need some mouthwatering build your own pasta bowl ideas? Order a Mediterranean-inspired creation with feta, fresh peppers, and savory olives, or take a bite on the spicy side with Italian Sausage, marinara, and mozzarella! Keep it classy or get crazy with Domino's Crooksville, OH pasta delivery near you.
There are 20+ different Domino's pasta toppings for you to choose from, ranging from ham, beef, and smoky bacon to green peppers, spinach, and different types of cheese like shredded mozzarella and grated parmesan. Choose how cheesy you want to get with Crooksville pasta delivery and takeout from Domino's.
Pasta Delivery Near Me in Crooksville, OH
How easy is ordering custom-made pasta in Crooksville, OH? Easier and faster than making pasta yourself. Save time and money by letting Domino's do the cooking (and the cleaning) while you focus on treating yourself to the pasta you've been slurping in your dinner dreams.
Choose pasta takeout from a Crooksville Domino's near you or order pasta delivery in Crooksville, OH — we'll deliver your comfort food to the comfort of your house, apartment, office, or local Domino's Hotspot®. Order Crooksville pasta delivery for a stress-free dinner that's sure to please.


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A very healthy, fresh alternative to the traditional coleslaw; this salad is brilliant at BBQs and works well as a side with your mid-week meal. Apples and carrots are effective liver-cleansers, and walnuts provide essential omega 3 healthy fats to boost brain power! Make a large batch at the beginning of the week and you can mix any leftovers with brown rice for a super nutritious lunch!
Serves 4 as a generous side salad
- 2 apples
- 3 sticks celery
- 3 medium carrots
1 small bulb of fennel
- 1 handful fresh herbs (coriander works particularly well, but use whatever you have at home)
- 1 handful walnuts
- 1 tbsp lemon juice (to preserve)
- 1 big glug hemp or olive oil
- 2 tbsp fresh lemon juice
- good quality salt and pepper to taste
How To:
- Roughly chop all the vegetables other than the carrots into small chunks and add to a large bowl
- Grate the carrots and add to the vegetables
- Add the walnuts and fresh herbs and mix well
- Cover with 1 tbsp lemon juice and keep in the ridge until you're ready to eat
- Dress the salad with your oil, lemon juice, salt and pepper when you're ready to serve and enjoy!


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We supply the best quality seed available. Our only business is seed and we take pride in the job we do. As with most things, in tree seed you are likely to get what you pay for. Lower-priced seed often turns out to be more expensive when other factors are taken into account.
If you are interested in buying wholesale quantities of our conifer and flower species and would like to get in touch with us, please feel free to browse the site. And don't forget to look at the photo gallery with pictures from our fields and other sources.
2017: This past fall's crop of conifer cones was poor in general, but good for two items we needed. Fortunately, I have a good inventory of excellent quality seeds for almost all of the seeds I normally supply. AND, I am happy to say that we now have Abies concolor 'Swift's Silver' and Picea glauca densata! It has been nine years since the Abies concolor 'Swift's Silver' produced cones, and almost as long for the Picea glauca densata. I paid the highest prices ever for cones of these two items so the price of the seed is higher, but we have it. These two items are the only price increases for this year. The germination percentage for the Abies concolor 'Swift's Silver' is an amazing 78%!
150527 -


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Complete your outfit with these real raw citrine crystal earrings. A high-quality present for any occasion, including Birthdays, Anniversaries, Valentines, Christmas, and other special days.
We are a USA-based brand. For our customers located in the USA, you are expected to receive your order within 1 - 5 business days, depending on your shipment option.
For our customers in other countries outside the USA, you are expected to receive your order within 5 to 14 days.
We have a 90 days return policy. Looking to process a return? Use our self serve customer account to automatically request a free return with just one click.
Got these for my Daughter she loves them an also sleeps in them
LOVE these!!! perfect design!
Wife loved them! Look great on her!
Customer Rating
Very pretty, exactly as described. I'll be adding this shop to my favorites.


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|School phase
|Experience type
|10 January 2024
|In school
|Start request
St Thomas More Voluntary Catholic Academy
Our school is part of the St Cuthbert's Catholic Academy Trust which includes all seven Catholic primary schools in Hull together with the secondary school, St Mary's College. We are pleased to welcome visitors via the DfE's School Experience Programme. Your visit will be on one of our regular 'Open Days' for prospective primary teachers. Your experience day will consist of an opportunity to observe a full day in our primary school or one of the others that are part of our multi-academy trust.
In common with all the schools in the St Cuthbert's trust, our ethos is to develop young people spiritually, morally and academically as well as possible within a caring community that values the uniqueness of each child.
Through St Mary's College School Direct Partnership we have many years of experience in training new primary teachers and offer a supportive environment where trainee staff can benefit from being part of a strong team ethos, with excellent practice to observe, and high quality mentoring and training to learn from.
We look forward to welcoming you to our academy so you can see for yourself. The main contact is Nikki Hawxwell - Email: email@example.com ; Tel: 01482 808804
About our school experience
- Details
- Your experience day will consist of an opportunity to observe a full day in one of the Catholic primary schools that are part of our multi-academy trust
- Start and finish times
8.50 am to 3.50pm
- Flexible
with prior approval
- Dress code
Business dress, Cover up tattoos, Remove piercings
- Teacher training
St Mary's College School Direct Partnership - Partner Primary School.
Links to more information about our school
- St Thomas More Voluntary Catholic Academy website
- St Thomas More Voluntary Catholic Academy Get Information About Schools
- Ofsted report: St Thomas More Voluntary Catholic Academy
- Performance information: St Thomas More Voluntary Catholic Academy
- Teacher training: St Thomas More Voluntary Catholic Academy
Entry requirements
You must:
- They must have or be working towards a degree. They must be considering applying for teacher training.
- DBS check required
No, candidates will be accompanied at all times.
Placement dates
- Address
- St Thomas More Road, Hull, HU4 7NP
- Parking
Not available on site
Parking outside of school
- Disability and access details
We're happy to discuss your disability or access needs before or as part of your school experience request.
- School phases
- Early years, Primary (4 to 11)


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by Wallace Wyss - Carroll Shelby once had a Goodyear racing tire shop in Gardena tucked into a corner where the Interstate 110 and 405 freeways meet. Each year for the last several years, there's been a gathering of Shelby fans sponsored … [Read more...]
Los Angeles Shelby Club Celebrates Ford v. Ferrari Movie With Gathering At Former Shelby Headquarters
Stretching The Boundaries of Automotive Art
by Wallace Wyss - Maybe they aren't "new" as "new on the scene" but, as a fine artist myself, I perceive tastes are changing in automotive art--the term has now expanded to include some of these sub-categories, some of which I list here: … [Read more...]
A "Shoebox" Ford Custom Car Blows Me Away
One design critic's opinion of a very well done Ford custom. by Wallace Wyss - Some detail photographs by Richard Bartholomew, other photographs by Wallace Wyss - Now sometimes, in California, they mix and match at a concours. So it … [Read more...]
The Benedict Castle Concours, Riverside, CA – March 2019
Text by Wallace Wyss - Photography by Richard Bartholomew - It pays for a concours to have a "hook," something unusual about it, and I hafta say that the Hook of the Benedict Castle Concours held each Spring in the Inland Empire is the … [Read more...]
Mystery Car: Did Ford Sell The 1995 Ford GT90 Concept And, If So, Why?
by Wallace Wyss - Way back, before the '05-'06 Ford GT production car, there was another mid-engined Ford GT concept. That car was ultra modern, and ironically designed by Camilo Pardo, the same bloke what did the '05-'06. It had a … [Read more...]


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MVC: The Most Vexing Conundrum
MVC, short for Model/View/Controller, is one of the hallmarks of Ruby on Rails' design. But unless you know what that is, just saying so doesn't do much for ya.

Into JavaScript? Have I got good news for you!
If you're interested in JavaScript-driven web apps, snazzy visual fx, and generally confusing people into thinking your site is Flash—but oh-so-much better—you should buy our JavaScript Performance Rocks! book while it's still in beta. Written by Thomas Fuchs, the creator of Scriptaculous, and yours truly, the maker of funny jokes and shiny graphics.
We cover everything from The Most Ridiculous Performance Fix Ever (and it is ridiculous), to serving strategies, DOM diets, loop unrolling (for those really extreme cases), how to play nice with the garbage collector, and everything in between. And it comes with our custom profiling tool, The DOM Monster, which analyzes your pages and suggests fixes. This package is only $24 right now but will be $29 as soon as it's done, in mid-June 2009… but if you snag your copy today, you get the final version by email just as soon as it's ready and save a noteworthy 5 bux! You can't lose.
Patterns: Patently Perfect!
If you're still reading this, I'm going to operate on the assumption that you don't know what MVC is but are, perhaps, cautiously curious. Well, if you're cautious, buck up! It's not that difficult to understand once you find a good explanation, and curiosity may have killed the cat but you're a human and a little sturdier than that, right? And anyway, it's hard to get killed reading a blog unless you drown in someone else's self-pity.
Design Patterns: Templates for Programmers
Design patterns are templates so that programmers don't have to reinvent object-oriented software architecture. Design patterns come about when learned people sit down and figure out the best general way to design a program's overall functional structure when using object-oriented programming. We're not talking where you put files, or what your methods do, but how, in an abstract sense, all your programming pieces fit together. Think of them as basic blueprints for your applications—you have your foundation and your steel girders pre-ordained, but the color of the bathroom tile is up to you.
What Every Good Programmer Knows (and Sometimes Does)
If you program much, your code probably migrates towards a higher overall quality over time. In fact, if you're a smart programmer, the way you design your overarching code structure probably evolves over time as you learn from your mistakes—or rather, from having to go back later and maintain your mistakes (or other peoples').
So, the hard way, you probably learned that intermixing business logic (the nuts and bolts of your script) with display logic ("if they're not logged in, show this") is a Very Bad Idea. And you might have realized that it's a Pretty Good Idea to cordone off sections of your basic web app so that they interoperate, but aren't inseparable. You've probably even learned to write a number of little functions that each do just one simple thing and then have larger aggregator functions that call them in order.
If all of what I've said above is true, you're utilizing a very rough and informal kind of design pattern, and you're almost two thirds of the way to MVC.
That Most Vexing Conundrum
MVC is one of the most famous and popular design patterns for creating applications with user interfaces, and not particularly vexatious in and of itself. Again, MVC stands for Model/View/Controller, which was apparently assembled as an acronym in no particular order. (MCV or CMV might make more sense, but for some reason neither are as euphonious as MVC.) MVC has three distinctive components, and if you separate them appropriately you end up with a program that is much more portable, scalable, and maintainable than if you hadn't.
The Bits & Pieces
Sometimes order is important. I'm describing these three components from the ground up. They're all interdependent, certainly, but this is really the natural order of things:
Models are the foundation. Hooray for cinderblocks and cement! A model is commonly something that represents a table of data; in Rails, you have to create a model, one for each table, which describes the relationships (if any) to other models (tables). Without a model, you're unable to actually do anything with any kind of data. Wouldn't that be fun? A web app without data! It'd be almost like a movie without acting…
Controllers are the power tools. Controllers are the tools you use to manipulate data described in the models. When it comes to CRUD operations, manipulating data, and anything that's considered "business," controllers are where it's at—literally. The controller is the one that does all the data validation, the data reading and writing with the help of the lovely model, and hands the finished product off to the view to display. (Full disclosure: in Rails, some data validation is in fact built into the model handling, but this isn't really typical.)
Oh, crud! Don't know CRUD from any other 4-letter c-word? See my previous article.
Views are the spackle and paint. Views let you actually put a face on the application. In the case of web sites, this is the point where your data goes out over the wire, be it in HTML or XML or what-have-you. You're only allowed to have display logic in views—such as looping through content, and hiding or showing links based on who's logged in.
But… er… Why?
It's not a bad question. There are several answers:
- Separating business logic (controller) and display logic (view) let you easily change the appearance of your application at any time.
- It makes it easier to make changes behind the scene in the business logic department, too—your code will be oh-so-readable.
- One word: reusability. You write some cool stuff in Rails (or other MVC outfit). You want to use it again later. You have absolutely no problem, it's almost as easy as drag and drop, because your code is sweetly compartmentalized.
- Having models separate from controllers gives ActiveRecord the ability to work its magic—which spares you from having to write queries all over the place.
So… Wasn't This About Rails?
Right you are! This is about Rails. See the diagram above and follow along.
When you're working on your Ruby on Rails app, you're forced to do MVC to a large degree. The Model part of MVC is handled by ActiveRecord; you create a new model in
/yoursite/app/models/ using
script/generate model and then you open it up and edit it to describe how that model relates with the others.
You have to build a controller, too, and you do that with
script/generate controller. Controllers are found in
/yoursite/app/controllers/ and generally you have one controller per model, although you can have controllers without models, too—they can control other controllers (gasp!).
And lastly, views, which you will find in
/yoursite/app/views (noticing a trend here?). In Rails, you build views in
.rhtml template format—an intermixing of HTML and Ruby/Rails code in
<% %> tags. No business logic allowed! Ahh, it's lovely.
Wrappin' it Up
That's it for today, folks. But I've found some time recently to play around more on the Rails code side of things, and so I'll be writing about that too soon. Nobody's popped up in the mean time to write any more really good tutorials so be sure to come back because I plan to be the one to fill that void.


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Fundraiser Strives to Improve Each School's Library Experience
"I have always imagined that Paradise will be a kind of library." ~ Jorge Luis Borges, Argentine Essayist
At worst, the results could have matched the weather. At best, a few raindrops wouldn't prevent community supporters from fulfilling their mission. Over one February weekend, scores of meals were purchased (and enjoyed) with the intent of supporting the DPIE Dine Out event at Yalla Mediterranean in the Persimmon Place shopping center. Its primary motivation was to raise funds for all DUSD school site libraries and their Media Technicians.
In order to succeed, the program required a high level of cooperation throughout the entire school district community. Some of these efforts included promotion at the schools, messaging through the various Parent Faculty Clubs (PFCs) and through social media. Without interfering with legacy book fairs, DPIE hoped to supplement the efforts to complete purchases for desired books, supplies,or furniture. With 11 school libraries, the needs at each site are diverse and distinctive. The Media Technicians would be empowered to determine how the funds would best be utilized.
Through Saturday and Sunday, some diners came into Yalla with a paper flyer or displayed their mobile device to the cashier indicating that their meal would benefit school libraries. In a previous blog, we recognized Yalla Director of Operations, Daryn Friedman for his generosity in helping to organize this fundraiser. In the end, we were able to share over $1,400 in proceeds with our 11 school libraries.
To help close the circle, we solicited comments from our Media Technicians for two basic questions:
DPIE: Why is your library the "heartbeat of the campus?
Barna De of Green Elementary: "It is because the students can come in and read during times that I don't have a class in. I have student helpers who come in before, during and after school to help shelve books, decorate the library, the bulletin board or just to chat. Students come in and chat with me about their weekend, about what they are happy and sad about. Since all the students come to the library, I get to know all of them and their reading habits. It helps that the library is in a central place and I try to make it a warm, inviting place for them to come to read and to learn."
DPIE: How does dedicated fundraising help your library?
Lori Sevilla of Frederiksen Elementary: "I am always looking at ways to add quality literature to our collection. This year, one of my main focuses has been on adding diversity to our shelves. Dedicated fundraising helps me target certain areas and to apply the funds raised to meet that particular need."
Liana Smith at Fallon Middle School: "We want all students to grow up to become readers, writers, artists, thinkers and inventors. But for this to happen, we have to connect kids with books. We have to change lives with books. Having the book that students want, when they want them is vital to keep them coming back for more."
DPIE would like to acknowledge the school site libraries and the community for their support of this joyful endeavor. It is probably appropriate that we conclude this tale with a final quote.
"There are two motives for reading a book; one, that you enjoy it; the other, that you can boast about it." ~ Bertrand Russell, British Philosopher & Nobel Laureate
Pillars of Service
We are here to help you. Please contact us for additional assistance.
Trudie Giordano
Executive Director
(925) 587-5615
Angela Clifford
Office Administrator
(925) 587-5614
Main Office
(925) 587-5610


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Magnolia Auto Specialist
Contact Us
About Us
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Create a website today
Welcome to Magnolia Auto Specialist
We offer complete auto repair on all Domestic and Import makes and models. We believe in providing honest automotive repair at a great price and the best quality. We offer a 3 year 36,000 mile Warranty on all of our repairs. We have A.S.E. Master Certified Technicians to ensure your vehicle is fixed right every time. We guarantee you will be 100% satisfied with your repairs and we will strive to make sure your Auto Repair experience is the best it can be. We look forward to earning your trust and your business.
We offer BG Flush Products and Services
Free maintenance check out with oil change
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Factory scheduled maitenance 30k-60k-90k service
We work with most extended warranty companies
We offer Same Day Service on most Repairs
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Sat. 8:00am to 5:00pm
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Phone: 281-259-7112
Fax: 281-259-7331
Paying too much for auto repairs. We can save you money Guaranteed!!!
When only the Best will do, at a Price you can afford, come join our family at Magnolia Auto Specialist.
We Feature Mobil Oil Products
We Offer BG Flush and Protection products
Phone # 936-597-4841
"We Now Service Both 134A and 1234YF Freon A/C Systems"


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In late Summer of 2016, two very different versions of me existed. Both versions, were heartbroken to have just lost Jake.
Sad Tracey, otherwise known as the artist formally known as me, ached in ways I was unprepared for. Missing Jake (and Melvin) aside, the house was dog-less for the first time since I'd had dogs AND the house was empty. This version of me couldn't bring myself to meet dogs because it was too soon, even though I knew the emptiness of the house might suffocate me. This version of me found comfort in dark places.
Desperate Tracey, otherwise known as survivor-mode-me, kept screaming inside of Sad Tracey's head that fixing the empty house part would help. That getting a dog, despite every theory of when is 'too soon', was an easy solution to a very, very big problem.
Sad Tracey pulled most of the strings and screamed FU to thoughts of a dog, there would never be another dog in this house, not ever. The current heartbreak was too unbearable.
Desperate Tracey went rogue and adopted Doug.
That was three years ago. Today there is (thankfully) just one version of me. The me that has loved and lost and found more love. The me that joyfully hops through life with Doug, as Melvin and Jake love lives on in us both.
Doug came into this home six weeks after Jake died. He didn't get the best version of me, which is funny in a way because Melvin joined my home as Max was dying and he didn't get the best of me either. Dogs don't always need the best of you, as long as the worst of you is still based in goodness and love.
Dearest Doug,
We started off in a complicated way. I fought loving you because it felt like a betrayal to Jake, and you were pretty intent on eating my feet, literally. You and I had to compromise a lot for each other. I had to make room for you in my broken heart and you had to deal with some pretty intense mouthing urges. Both were high hurdles.
After three years, all of that is a bit of a blur now. When I walk in the house and I see you, my heart beats with pure joy. I love you fiercely. It seems like you have always been here and I pray that is how it feels for you too. There was another version of you at one time also, but that discarded dog has found a forever with me.
I look at you and think, you are so much like Melvin and Jake. I guess that has a lot to do with you each getting the same love from me. But you are also, very much, Doug. With your odd bursts of crazy, and your love of destruction. I think the disruptive parts of you, are what moved us both forward at the beginning. I think my love has calmed some of your anxiety. Prozac has helped too.
I see you bud. I know you, I know you better than you know you. My life is about you now and I wouldn't have it any other way. You make me laugh. You destroy my things but you remind me, things are nothing compered to you being happy and safe. There is nothing that you can throw at me that I won't see you through.
Then there is your breed. You being a hippopotamus and all. I have had to verbally defend you to people who don't even know you. I have had to explain, it is not how they are raised, it is in fact, the here and the now of who YOU are. The same as it is the here and now of who I am. I vow to always share your wacky ways in hopes that it will educate those who don't know, just how silly and loving hipppos can be.
In the next year, there will come a moment that I will have had you, for as long as I had Jake. And in the moment that follows that one, I will have had you longer. Time is funny, how it marches on. I can't control how long I have with each of you, I can only choose to focus on maximum joy and love with the time we are given.
Too soon is a barrier that broken hearts put up for protection. The leap I took with you, is everything now.
I love you with my whole heart. Three looks really beautiful on us.
Love, your s(mother). xoxo


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Digital Immortality
Having completely run out of rabbit holes and bright shiny objects to distract me from doing actual, productive work, I decided to respond to one of those social media entreaties from someone I vaguely recall meeting somewhere who now, for some reason, wants to be my friend.
By clicking on the handy link in the email, I was whisked to the website where I could click another handy link to be connected with my new BFF.
But, as any social media denizen knows all too well, that was just the beginning. On the next screen I was given the opportunity to connect with 937 other people I vaguely recall meeting somewhere. In fact, I'm sure that a social media entreaty from me would be about as welcome as a dinnertime phone call from a solar energy company.
So, with nothing better to do except actual, productive work, I decided to play their silly game and scroll through all 937 potential BFFs. In doing so, I soon realized that about a quarter of the people on the list had shuffled off their mortal coils. I felt like I was trapped in an endless loop of The Sixth Sense.
This is a real and growing problem as the Internet ages along with the population. Over time, more and more people who have Facebook pages, Twitter accounts, and so forth will enter into the Big Sleep without fanfare. After all, unless I've missed some mystical memo on the subject, I don't believe that it's possible to post to your Facebook page from the Great Beyond. In all the excitement you'd probably forget your password anyway.
About the only thing we can do is make sure that our social media links are included in our wills – "… and I hereby request that my cousin Jimmy post a tasteful memorial for a few weeks and then take everything down." (You'd better hope that Jimmy is a fan; otherwise his rantings about how you stole his girlfriend in third grade would make an awkward postscript to your otherwise perfect life.)
I understand that Facebook, for one, will allow loved ones to create memorial pages for the dearly departed. This gives rise to the ultimate punking: convincing Facebook that you are indeed the loved one of someone actually still alive, and creating a memorial page for him or her.
I wonder if anyone would notice.
Digital Immortality by Jay Mitchell is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.


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Felger & Friends © 2016 | All Rights Reserved
Felger & Friend's appreciation of uniqueness and comfort literally begins with its foundation.
Established in 1973, Vicki Felger laid her roots in the New Braunfels community by taking over her grandmother and great aunts beauty salon.
Known once as Wanda's Beauty Salon it was in time changed to "Schnitt und Tritt", German for cut and go.
After eight years and a lot of bad pronunciation the name was changed finely to Felger & Friends, which still stands strong today.
Thirty-five years later and with over twenty employees, Felger & Friends is still proudly serving the New Braunfels community today and for many years to come.


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Teaching Excellence Framework and Student Outcomes at the crossroads?
- 15 June 2018
- Posted in: Education
This is a critical juncture for the great experiment which is the Teaching Excellence and Student Outcomes Framework. A number of stars are coming into alignment.
Firstly, the results of TEF Year 3 (the second institution-level) TEF were published on 6 June and we can start to assess whether the refinements following the lessons learned exercise following the first assessment round have had a marked effect. For example, the halving of the weight attached to the each NSS metric was a potential game-changer throwing greater emphasis on continuation and DLHE/LEO data and perhaps benefitting those 'high tariff' institutions to the detriment of those with lower intake tariffs and possibly of those institutions focused on widening participation. Also, how have institutions responded to the challenge of demonstrating that they are 'taking genuine steps to tackle grade inflation' as part of their response to questions about the rigour and stretch posed by their programmes?
Secondly, the first year of the subject-level TEF pilots is nearing completion. Which model of assessing subjects will have found favour with the 50 piloting institutions – model A ('by exception'), model B ('bottom up')? Possibly a newly minted Model A1will emerge.
Thirdly, the DfE's consultation on subject-level TEF closed on 21 May 2018.
It will be interesting to note how the sector has responded to the suggestion of introducing a measure of teaching intensity into the TEF. The published responses suggest that it is ill-suited to the diversity of provision and delivery across higher education. And will the results of such a measure be meaningful to prospective students?
Fourthly, on the subject of students, the results of DfE's research into student opinion on the TEF are due to be released soon. Did current first year students and prospective students for 2018-19 make use of the TEF year 2 results to inform their choice of institution?
The results of all four processes will feed into the independent review of the TEF due to start in the autumn of 2018 and to be completed during 2019. One wonders whether the TEF, now a condition for English institutions' on-going registration with the Office for Students, will be difficult to turn round or stop. And what will happen to the proposal to link TEF ratings and student fees, which has been parked because of considerable hostility from students unions and UCU, in particular?
Into this mix one has to add the priorities of the new HE minister Sam Gyimah. Will there be row back on some of his predecessor's seeming attempts to use the TEF as all-purpose lever to focus institutions on persistent concerns about value for money for students, which underpin the introduction of Teaching Intensity supplementary metric and about degrees losing their value via grade inflation? The new Minister's expressed commitment to the student cause makes it unlikely that he will want the TEF to be consigned to the dustbin of history.
Assuming that this is the case, one needs to consider the consequences – intended or unintended – of having the TEF as a permanent part of the HE firmament. Will it really lead to a significant re-balancing of institutional priorities between teaching and learning, and research? Certainly the institutional mood music and real changes in reward and recognition strategies in some institutions would indicate that change is in the air. But as REF 2021rises above the horizon will this progress stall? Furthermore will the increased emphasis on employability and LEO data about graduate salaries diminish institutional enthusiasm for trying to tackle deep-rooted problems of differential outcomes for students from different POLAR quintiles? Small changes of emphasis in student recruitment practice might be difficult for the OfS and the Director of Fair Access and Participation to detect and to address.
Today's conference should end some of star-gazing about the future, drawing as it does, on both recent research on the TEF Year Two provider submissions and first-hand evidence from TEF experts from the Office for Students, the TEF assessment panel and institutional practitioners.


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Nigel Farage's complaint about Jo Brand is to be welcomed – he has admitted that he considers himself to be an "unpleasant" character.
The Brexit Party leader spoke up after the comedian jokingly suggested an acid attack would be more appropriate for "unpleasant characters" who had been hit with milkshakes during recent political campaigns.
She immediately followed the line by saying, "That's just me, sorry, I'm not gonna do it, it's purely a fantasy, but I think milkshakes are pathetic, I honestly do. Sorry."
So clearly she didn't mean it and wasn't trying to incite anybody into throwing acid over some of our favourity politicians like Stephen Yaxley-Lennon (Tommy Robinson), Mark Meechan (Count Dankula), Carl Benjamin (Sargon of Akkad), or indeed Mr Farage.
But Nigel was clearly incensed and leapt into full-hypocrisy mode with this tweet:
This is incitement of violence and the police need to act. https://t.co/j3F0jsKGBZ
— Nigel Farage (@Nigel_Farage) June 12, 2019
It was hypocritical because this is a man who spoke of taking up deadly weapons if he didn't get the Brexit he wanted:
Nigel SNOWFLAKE Farage,
Wasn't "picking up rifles" an incitement from YOU to violence?https://t.co/3qrHKZ651Y
— John Clarke (@JohnClarke1960) June 13, 2019
The clip from BBC Essex is well worth a listen, to put this matter into its proper context.
Heresy host Victoria Coren Mitchell defended Ms Brand:
Nigel! I'm genuinely disappointed; we don't agree on everything, but I would totally have had you down as a free speech man. Especially when it comes to jokes. https://t.co/9Ya7THiAmU
— Victoria Coren Mitchell (@VictoriaCoren) June 12, 2019
To be honest, I'm relieved at least a couple of people are angry, even if it's only a couple. It's supposed to be a heretical programme; I was worried we'd gone a bit timid and benign.
— Victoria Coren Mitchell (@VictoriaCoren) June 11, 2019
She made a topical point about another comment in the show:
But the very same show contained a joke about the Holocaust (and my relatives), and *nobody* has complained about this. Do you think the Holocaust is funny?! I'm sure not! I trust that means you have distinguished between something terrible and a *joke* about something terrible.
— Victoria Coren Mitchell (@VictoriaCoren) June 12, 2019
And she pointed out that certain right-wing websites had stripped Ms Brand's comment of its context:
Beware the clip going round that deliberately cuts off the part where Jo openly spells out that she's joking and doesn't mean it.
Here is the whole programme:https://t.co/1fzIN2yEmL
(with the jokes, the context, and our moral which is all about being kind to each other.)
— Victoria Coren Mitchell (@VictoriaCoren) June 12, 2019
So the best that can be said about this storm-in-a-milkshake is that Heresy is back on the radio after a three-year absence and is as thought-provoking as ever. Click on the link above to listen to the first episode and then follow it every Tuesday at 6.30pm on Radio 4.
Source: Farage furious over Jo Brand's 'throw battery acid not milkshake' joke | Culture | The Guardian


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The world's largest rodent species has given birth at Chester Zoo.
Six-year-old capybara Lily delivered her new pup in front of astonished onlookers, but the tiny youngster was soon up on its feet and seen running around, climbing over mum and taking its first swim.
Capybaras are often referred to as giant guinea pigs and can grow to up to 1.5m (4.9ft) in length.
They are found living in small herds on grasslands, in tropical forests and on wetlands across much of South America where they spend much of their time in water.
Their scientific name means 'water pig', and their bodies have been specially adapted for swimming with webbed feet and their eyes, ears and nostrils located on top of their heads.
Although not currently listed as an endangered species, the capybara is threatened by illegal poaching for its meat and skin, which can be turned into leather, as well as habitat degradation.
Keepers at the zoo hope that Lily's new arrival will help to bring some attention to the species, which they say is often overlooked.


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The "gift of the gab" is often regarded as a defining characteristic of successful salespeople. The truth is that over-talking actually loses more sales than it wins. And unfortunately the people who monopolize conversations usually aren't aware they're doing it and will never know how much money this habit is costing them.
[pullquote align="normal" cite="Epictetus, AD 55-135″]We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen twice as much as we speak. [/pullquote]
The good news is that there's a simple solution: ask more questions! Questions play a pivotal role in every stage of the placement process. Here are 7 reasons why questions are so vital to your success in recruitment…
- Questions engage prospects and get them talking.
Asking questions is the surest way to promote dialogue and get people talking. This makes the call flow more naturally, and takes the pressure off you to carry the conversation.
- Questions build rapport.
Asking questions shows your clients and candidates that you're interested. Most people like talking about themselves and their business, and when you take a genuine interest in somebody, rapport develops as a natural consequence.
- Questions help us gain valuable information.
Information is the recruiter's stock-in-trade. The quality of your information is a function of two factors: finding a reliable source, and asking them the right questions
- Questions allow you control of the conversation.
The person asking the questions controls the conversation. Questions enable you to set the direction, control the flow, and influence the outcome of the call.
- Questions are the key to understanding the client's needs.
Unless you can accurately identify your prospects needs, you're not going to close the deal. Before we can hope to influence people, we must first understand their situation — including their problems, frustrations, goals, dreams and desires. Questions are the key to uncovering needs and understanding what's most important to your clients and candidates.
- Questions control the direction of the listener's thoughts.
And questions determine what they focus their attention on. For example, the question "What did you like best about the job?" contains a powerful hidden assumption: you like the job! In that moment, the candidate isn't focused on whether or not that statement is true. Instead, their mind takes that as a given, and jumps straight to answering why they like it.
- Questions persuade; reasons don't.
As Neil Rackham wrote in Spin Selling, the most empirical book on selling ever published: "Questions persuade; reasons don't." You can never truly persuade people of anything. All you can do is ask the right questions so that people persuade themselves.
Top-performers recognize that the art of persuasion is less about delivering slick sales pitches and more about asking appropriate and insightful questions. Questions are the "tools of our trade." Just as carpenters can't build houses without hammer and nails, recruiters can't close deals without asking effective questions.
Asking effective questions — asking the right questions, at the right time, in the right way — is a skill that can be improved with practice. Practice asking more questions, and letting your clients and candidates do most of the talking. You'll find the quality of your communication improves, along with your results.


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Hiking photos - Zhuangdaokou Great Wall and Walled Village, 2011/06/12
We had beautiful weather for our hike from Zhuangdaokou to the Walled Village. We started the hike a near the village orchards and after crossing a bridge to enter the town, took a break by the 300-year-old 'Dragon and Phoenix' pine trees. From there, we followed a path up the valley behind the village to reach an arch in the Great Wall.
There, some of the members of the group took a break as the others hiked high up on the steep wall to get views of the surrounding peaks and valleys. The view back from the highest point overlooks a reservoir in the next valley and another high section of high wall that continues along the ridgeline in the distance.
After finishing our look at the Great Wall we continued the hike through the chestnut orchards, along a route that for a while paralleled the Great Wall on the high ridgeline above.
Then the path gradually descended to the Walled Village. After another short break to walk on top of the walls and explore the narrow lanes within, we hiked out to the main road and ended the hike with a delicious late lunch at a nearby restaurant.


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discoDSP has released version 1.0.4 of its Bliss sampler/VSTi recorder instrument plugin for Windows, Mac & Linux.
Bliss is a sampler and VSTi recorder for Audio Units, VST hosts featuring a scalable & themeable GUI, VSTi sampling, 8 automatable Macro controls, dual zero delay feedback filters, sample editor, 7 built-in effects, flexible modulation, parameter morphing and the highest offline resampling quality using 512 points SINC algorithm.
Changes in Bliss v1.0.4
- Reset voices state when changing play mode.
- Fix glide rate not following morph changes.
- Fix glide mode button not responding to changes.
- Fix in some cases the background of the sample editor is not paint.
- Fix sample editor wave not always repainting correctly.
- Changed appearance of sample editor exit button icon.
Bliss for Windows, Mac and Linux (VST/AU) costs 89 EUR/$99 USD. Registered customers can download the update free of charge.


text: Bioanalytical Systems Inc. (www.basinc.com), 2701 Kent Ave., West Lafayette, 47906, is a provider of contract-research services to the pharmaceutical industry. In the fiscal year that ended Sept. 30, 2012, Bioanalytical lost $6.3 million, or 89 cents per share, on revenue of $28.2 million. In the same period a year earlier, the company lost $3.7 million, or 66 cents per share, on revenue of $33.1 million. Bioanalytical Systems shares trade on NASDAQ under the ticker BASI. Information for Proxy Corner was taken from Yahoo Finance and the company's proxy statement dated Feb. 7, 2013. View full Proxy Corner feature.


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SAS Aesthetic Institute is the first location in the South Suburbs of Chicago for UltraSlim. Headed by Dr. Michael Romberg, a board certified General Surgeon and Wound Doctor practicing for over 25 years.
"Upon seeing and experiencing the results of UltraSlim without the risks and complications I knew this was a treatment I could offer my patients without hesitation." This therapy is an alternative to liposuction without needles and incisions and no recovery time; not to mention the price.
Dr. Romberg is the first to offer a clinical trial investigating the effects of photobiomodulation on patients with lymphedema. Up to 10 million Americans and hundreds of millions worldwide suffer from lymphedema and lymphatic disease with no cure to date.


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This week's Wandering Wednesday post is focused on the Teaching Professor blog. This blog always features great ideas for college faculty who teach and who research. The Teaching Professor blog is filled with amazing ideas and focuses on the following subjects:
- the scholarship of teaching and learning
- classroom policies
- active learning
- assessment
- generational differences
- student performance
All of these ideas can definitely help college faculty become more organized and to help more students in less time!
J. Edwards
Millennial Professor - Jennifer T. Edwards, Ed.D.
Become a fan of Millennial Professor on Facebook - http://goo.gl/gnN41


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It's the Year of the Earth Dog! But this doesn't mean markets cannot go up! According to internet predictions, this year will see resource industries doing well with oil and gas leading the way! Also, Donald Trump, born in the year of the Fire Dog in 1946, will set everything ablaze!
Dingyi Music Group
The God of Wealth is also looking to bestow on Earth his blessings in 2018. Hence Dingyi Music Group is presenting this beautiful 财神到 (God of Wealth arrives!) played with traditional Chinese orchestra insturments. With the God of Wealth's arrival, this means that property, gold and other stores of wealth like jewellery and watches would see their value appreciating! This is the year to seriously think about buying properties after years of weakness. For those who had bought, the following pic is for you!
The Dab Dog
Regardless of what Feng Shui predicts, fundamentals remain strong although we are no longer in the first innings of a bull market. At some point, the party would end. So be prepared! While there are opportunities in the markets, we should also be looking at trimming expensive names and raising cash. Meanwhile, for 2018, let's Huat Ah!
Happy Chinese New Year!