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Analog/Digital Transition
Although it may seem counter-intuitive, the analog/digital divide has been around for an extremely long time. Some see this binary dichotomy to go back to the differences between the slide rule and the abacus. More generally it can be seen as the difference between the body (outward, physical) and the mind (inward, psychological). This dichotomy may have been placed retroactively on such devices, but today, for many, the dichotomy has almost disappeared. As digital technologies creep into every aspect of our everyday lives, we see analog technologies taking a step back in retreat, causing major ripples in the way we live our lives. As a note, the use of the words analog and digital herein, apply both to the devices and machines they describe as well as the more theoretical ideas of our ways of experiencing life.
The differences between analog and digital can be very technical, or otherwise extremely intuitive. This wiki won't deal with the specific technical differences, but more the intuitive and theoretical ones. As explained by Carol Wilder, the word analog comes from the Greek roots ana, meaning equivalent, and logos, meaning the structure of reality. Thusly, something that is analog in nature, refers directly to the way things are in reality, or is equivalent with such reality. "As a level of description, it [analog] is closer than digital coding to the physical world, closer to corporeality, more kinesthetic, tactile, more-dare I say-'real.'" This can be compared to the "digital level of description" which "represents a more abstracted disembodied consciousness, which is at once more expansive and less visceral" (Wilder 252). In this sense it is an aesthetic difference between how we encounter life and experience the world around us.
Furthermore, Wilder quotes physiologist Ralph Gerard, who explored this dichotomy in 1951, explaining that "an analogical system is one in which one of two variables is continuous on the other, while in a digital system the variable is discontinuous and quantized" (243). It is from Gerard that we get the prototypical analog device, the slide rule, due to it's continuous numbering, as well as meaning of spatiality, wherein the further down the number is, the larger it is, and the abacus as the prototypical digital device, due to the 'on-or-off-ness' of the beads, where they are either counted or not. This latter conception of digitalism has much to do with the language of binary, used by today's more classic digital devices, in its uses of 1s and 0s.
Differences in Language
One last difference is seen in the different levels of human communication. Gregory Bateson addressed this issue in 1966, in the form of a question: "How does it happen that the paralinguistics and kinesics of men from strange cultures, and even the paralinguistics of other terrestrial mammals, are at least partly intelligible to us, whereas the verbal languages of men from strange cultures seem to be totally opaque?" (qtd. by Wilder 247). He goes on to explain that this is because written/spoken language is digital, due to the arbitrary assignment of words to their meanings, and paralinguistics are analog. Paralinguistics, all of the nonverbal communication as well as the way the words are spoken (pitch, etc.) are analog, because the meaning of this type of communication is directly related to it. Wilder further asserts that paralinguistics "is our primary means to communicate messages about relationship" and at times, written/spoken language can fall short of what we actually want to say in these situations, leaving paralinguistics as our only means of expressing ourselves (247-248). Interestingly, for the most part, it is solely written/spoken (digital) language that is transmittable using digital communication, and thus we lose a hugely powerful form of communication when communicating as such.
Transition and Effects
As stated earlier, the transition from analog to digital has been a long time coming, and the dueling ways of thinking and living have been around even longer. It has, however, taken until the latter half of the 20th century for the full transition to digital to really take effect. With personal computers, DVDs and CDs, the Internet and online communication, digital phone networks, etc. there is a real trend today towards the digitization of almost every aspect of our lives. One major signal could be the shutting down of the analog television broadcasting system in February of 2009. Another could be the transition that has taken place over the latter half of the 20th century in the US from an industrial economy to an information economy, as well as the rise of globalization, neither of which would have been possible without digital technologies. At this point in time, the transition can most obviously be seen in the wealthier areas of the world, and affects the younger generations, who have been brought up around these technologies, more so than the older generations. Even still, this transition is taking place and will slowly permeate into the poorer areas, and perhaps even the older generations.
Wilder quotes Neil Postman in saying that "A new technology does not add or subtract something. It changes everything" (240). This section attempts to examine some of these changes. The most encompassing change that the digital age brings is well described by Joohan Kim. He explains,
"Before computers, different types of information required different types of communication channel…[and] also required distinctive methods for storage…but now, with computers, we can store all kinds of information with a single digital medium… This means that the computer would be the primary medium for human communications in the very near future… the medium called computer literally becomes an extension of our body" (102).
Here we see, that the computer and digital technologies may literally become the medium through which we see, understand, and interact with the world. Again, this has not fully taken place as of yet, but is the direction we seem to be heading in. It is McLuhan's prophecy come true, for many of the younger generations already communicate, consume culture, make friends, etc. through the computer and the Internet, using these technologies, as they were, as extensions of themselves. For many, a friendship is not a friendship until it is consummated on Facebook or similar social networking sites. There is definite resistance, but not much that can be seen amongst the young.
While these are more abstract effects, this transition also has very real effects for the ways we experience the world in a more theoretical sense. These effects can be seen in three different, although connected ways: the way we see ourselves, the way we communicate, and the way we see the world.
Digital Self
The pervading use of digital technologies into our everyday lives can have enormous effects in our conceptions of self. Inherently, digital technologies are more inward focused. We interact with their external components, but these are connected to internal workings of which most of us have very little idea how they work. Alternatively, in the age of analog technologies, the majority of people could have some understanding of how their machines worked, and in fact, sometimes one could understand it simply from studying the mechanism. With digital technologies however, it takes increasingly specialized skills to achieve this type of understanding. The same could be said perhaps, in reference to ourselves. As digital technologies came more into our lives, we have taken to focusing inward on ourselves, so much so that it now takes specialized professions (psychologists, psychiatrists), to help us understand ourselves.
Shanyang Zhao, in studying the effects of online communications by teenagers, found this exact idea in the creation of the digital self (his term for the online persona affected by those engaging on online communications): "The digital self is… more oriented toward one's inner world, focusing on thoughts, feelings and personalities rather than one's outer world, focusing on height, weight, and looks" (396). This is not to say that people who are connected online no longer care about their physical characters, it would be ridiculous to claim so, however in online communications, the psychological is discussed more, and more thoroughly, than in face-to-face dialogue, partially due to the anonymity digital communication can provide.
Digital Communication
As mentioned above, the difference between analog and digital is apparent even in the general discussion of face-to-face human communication. Words appear as digital communication, while body language, tone and rhythm of speech, etc, can all be considered analog communication. In communicating digitally, through online media, we lose these paralinguistic aspects of communication and are forced to allay the full meaning of our conversation through words. This can be thoroughly difficult when attempting to communicate something as intimate as feelings, where typically, words can fall short. Surely this type of issue has been apparent in communicating through analog technologies as simple as letter writing, however, there are still two major differences. Firstly, these communiqué were typically used between people who knew each other, and not, as may be the case in online communication, between strangers (who may be intimately linked, however, even if they are 'real world' strangers). This has major impact, as communication as such is typically used by people who know each other, as an addition to the face-time they have together, whereas strangers would not have this face-time. Secondly, letter writing was not used as pervasively as online communication is today, to discuss all types of matters. Receiving a letter was a treat, it was not guaranteed. People online expect to see and communicate with others online at certain times.
Additionally, with the advent of videochatting and other, less text based, online communication methods, some of the paralinguistic techniques can be called upon. The most important however (especially to intimate communication), is touch, which has yet to be unlocked online. Furthermore, this sense is the very one that ties us to the analog world itself, the world we experience around us, for while we may see or hear things that are digital, we cannot touch them, for they are not laid out in front of us tangibly.
Although typically online communication is used to further the foundation between people that they establish in the 'real world,' it still does have effects in the way we communicate as human beings. The focus on the digital elements of language, and the leaving behind of the paralinguistic ones, could have major adverse effects on our relationships if online communication continues in popularity as it has. Even more so, the ability to easily and cheaply communicate with people the world over, erases spatio-temporal restraints and effectively erases the boundaries of bodies, which, while it could be a good thing in some circumstances, could also involve us in complete disembodiment, leaving our bodies aside and placing total importance on our minds, similar to the very nature of digital objects themselves, leaving us to ignore the reality around us.
Digital World
In dealing with the digital we deal in thing that are intangible. We can touch a computer, we can touch a DVD or a CD, but we cannot touch the contents they contain, for they are located in bits of information. Even further the experience of the world comes through to some through the Internet and their communications through it. In a real world example this can be seen in the constant need to photograph that many younger people have today.
The great amounts of storage available on digital cameras have made it so that we can literally document everything that happens to us on a given day without having to reload the camera. Not having to develop anything, we can take these pictures immediately home and upload them. Instant memories. This is well and fine, but two issues arise.
These pictures (until they are printed, which they usually aren't) are not tangible, they have no holding in real life, and perhaps they are like memories in this way. Digital pictures however, like all pieces of digital information have the following quality: they are "durable" in that "we can work (save, reopen, play, write, paint, etc.) on [or view] them over and over again just as we do with physical objects" (Kim 91). Where they diverge from the physical however, is in this: "Unlike a photo image on paper, a digital photo image on a computer screen can be completely destroyed with a single stroke on a keyboard. A digital image can instantly be deleted, without leave any trace in the physical world" (Kim 94). Thus they both are and are not like physical objects. As memories however, they can either endure forever or be instantly deleted. They cannot be forgotten about and conjured up again years later in a haze. They are not memories. They are files. And yet, many photograph with such need, one would think they'd never remember the event again dare they have no files of it.
Which brings up the second problem. This deep-seated need to document reality forces us to remove ourselves from reality, so much so that we may not even experience it whatsoever save from what we have photographed. Taking pictures is an event in and of itself, as opposed to the event going on around us. Not to mention that any number of various cameras at these events may produce various sets of memories so that one does not remember the event in full unless he/she gets all the sets of memories. Either way, the experience itself gets depleted, and boiled down to the forced, artificial, creation of it.
This leads to the experience of the actual digital world. If our experiences of life are leading to a digital exploration of it we could ask the question, "Can 'being-in-the-World-Wide-Web" be another way of becoming a "being-in-the-world'?" (Kim 88). This question itself works on both the levels of the Internet and simple digital experiences offline. In other words, if in the future, way down the line, we become bodies in space whose every experience comes through digital impulses (the ultimate death of analog) will it be the same as inhabiting the real world? In a far simpler restatement, is the digital real? It would seem it isn't, however as time goes by and digitalism pervades further and further, perhaps it will become the only real, only the true death of analog will tell.
Resistance May Not Be Futile
"At one point I wondered why my teenage son-denizen of the digital age-covets my old analog vinyl records? Why has the New York subway system, encountered such resistance as they try to move riders from using analog brass tokens to digitized Metrocards? … Why do people who spend time online with each other want more physical contact, not less? (Wilder 241-242). While the transition to digital may seem imminent (albeit slow moving) examples such as these abound. People still carry around Polaroid cameras, in a report on CBS, Charles Osgood stated "that people 'yearn for analog sound in this digital age'" (qtd. by Wilder 249). There is definite resistance to the movement into digital, and this is an aesthetic decision. More than aesthetic, this is a decision of feeling. For with the loss of analog we lose endearing qualities of the old. We lose the feel of a record in our hands, and the 'pops and hisses' we hear as it plays. We lose the click of the camera that while it may be reproduced digitally, will never sound like it did when actual mechanisms were making the it. And we lose the feeling of solidity, instead of metal and wood receiving plastic and silicon. Instead of being hugged, receiving hug messages from friends. The decision for many is that the experience of the 'real' means more that the experience of the high tech. This may be what keeps these analog experiences around, as while the digital pervades people shy away and yearn for the real.
Works Cited
Binkley, Timothy. "Digital Dilemmas." Leonardo. Supplemental Issue. 3 (1990): 13-19. J-Stor. 29 Nov. 2008 <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1557889>. Kim, Joohan. "Phenomenology of Digital-Being." Human Studies 24 (2001): 87-111. J-Stor. 29 Nov. 2008 <http://www.jstor.org/stable/20011305>. Wilder, Carol. "Being Analog." The Postmodern Presence : Readings on Postmodernism in American Culture and Society. By Arthur A. Berger. New York: AltaMira P, 1997. 239-53. The New School. 29 Nov. 2008 <http://homepage.newschool.edu/~wilder/beinganalog.pdf>. Zhao, Shanyang. "The Digital Self: Through the Looking Glass of Telecopresent Others." Symbolic Interaction 28 (2005): 387-405. 09 Sept. 2005. Caliber. 29 Nov. 2008 <http://caliber.ucpress.net/doi/abs/10.1525/si.2005.28.3.387>.


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Featured Blogger: Feathers and Butterflies
Sascha Gill is an 18 year old student from London who loves to write. Since setting up her lifestyle and fashion blog, Feathers and Butterflies, two months ago, Sascha has become increasingly involved in the fashion blogging world and can't wait to keep learning! Here she takes us through her favourite cocktail dresses online.
1.     Zalika Dress by Malene Birger – ÂŁ39Â
I'm a sucker for anything that sparkles, but I don't like to overdo it. The contrast of the muted top half of this cocktail dress with the golden bottom means you can wear this cocktail dress to any party without worrying about being over or under dressed. Oh, and at just £39 to hire, it's a steal!
2.    Papina Dress by Alice and Olivia – ÂŁ49
I'm a big fan of the sexy but subtle look and the mesh on this cocktail dress delivers just that. It's only £49 to rent and it would be the perfect LRD (Little Red Dress) for any occasion.
3.   Khaki and Pink Intarsia Dress – ÂŁ39
The butterfly detail on this cocktail dress has me swooning (can you guess what my blog name is yet?). It's not your typical cocktail party dress but it's great if you want to look unique and fabulous all at the same time.
4.    Thunder Dress by Krystof Strozyna – ÂŁ29Â
Recently, I've been trying to curb my obsession with LBDs, but the thunder detail on this cocktail dress is fierce! I feel like all the attention (the good kind) would be on me if I sauntered in to a cocktail party in this little number.
5.   Claire Paisley Dress by Samantha Sung – ÂŁ49Â
Last, but by no means least is this quirky but cute cocktail dress. What I love about this one is you can pair it with a simple pair of flats during the day and then easily dress it up for a night on the town!

subset: commoncrawl


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Australia state announces inquiry into catastrophic bush fires
New South Wales' six-month inquiry will look into the effect of climate change and how it responded to the emergency.
New South Wales, the Australian state worst hit by this season's enormous bushfires, has announced an independent inquiry into the continuing blazes, including the reasons why they started and the role that climate change may have played.
The six-month inquiry that will begin this week will examine how state authorities prepared and responded to the "unprecedented" 2019-20 bushfire crisis, state Premier Gladys Berejiklian said on Thursday.
Keep readinglist of 3 items
Australian bushfires: Blazes taking toll on economy
Melbourne chokes amid warning gigantic fires could become routine
It would be crucial to "leave no stone unturned," Berejiklian said.
She said the inquiry will be led by two experts – former state police Deputy Commissioner Dave Owens and former state chief scientist Mary O'Kane, who will travel to affected communities and take submissions from the public.
They will not hold public hearings.
"We've asked them to start during the [bush fire] season to ensure that they can do all the work they need to do for now because we want to report in a timely fashion, we want it ahead of the next season," Berejiklian told reporters in Sydney.
The inquiry will look into how climate change, drought, hazard-reduction burns – which are conducted to reduce fuel load before the bushfire season – and human activity contributed to the fires.
The relationship between state authorities and federal authorities during the crisis will also be examined.
Billions of dollars in damage
Australia's conservative federal government led by coal industry-promoting Prime Minister Scott Morrison has been heavily criticised for climate inaction and over its handling of the crisis.
SBS online reported Morrison had also been at odds with New South Wales Environment Minister Matt Kean over the fires and climate change.
Morrison had dismissed Kean's proposal for the federal government to take on a bigger role in dealing with climate change in the wake of the fires, it reported.
The prime minister has also defended the country's coal industry, saying he is protecting jobs.
But critics say coal and climate change have contributed to the unprecedented bushfires continuing to burn.
Since September, more than six million hectares of land (14.8 million acres) has already burned in New South Wales, with dozens of fires still not under control.
A total of 2,400 homes have been destroyed and 25 people have died, while an estimated one billion animals have also perished.
The bushfires damage is estimated at 2 billion Australian dollars ($1.3bn.
Although heavy rain and lower temperatures this month have helped put out some fires, the threat has not diminished.
During the news conference on Thursday, Berejiklian said the bushfire season was still not over.
"While we are focused on the rebuilding process we are mindful of the remaining fire threats," she said.


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And here is the final installment of the Aquila Couch Sessions. In this final part we chat about the upcoming Blog Awards and some community building.
We hope you have enjoyed these videos and would love to hear what you think about them? Do you want to see similar interviews on this site in the future? If you do, what do you think about the format?
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Erik Naggum, Analogy vs Analysis, and lisp-1 lisp-2 Meaning-Space
Dear Readers, one of my co-worker forwarded to me the following allegory:
A crow was sitting on a tree, doing nothing all Day. A small rabbit saw the crow, and asked him, "Can I also sit like you and do nothing all day long?" The crow answered: "Sure, why not." So, the rabbit sat on the ground below the crow, and rested. All of a sudden, a fox appeared, jumped on the rabbit and ate it.
Moral of the story is: To be sitting and doing nothing , you must be sitting very, very high up.
A turkey was chatting with a bull. "I would love to be able to get to the top of that tree," sighed the turkey, "but I haven't got the energy." "Well, why don't you nibble on some of my droppings?" replied the bull. "They're packed with nutrients." The turkey pecked at a lump of dung and found that it actually gave him enough strength to reach the first branch of the tree. The next day, after eating some more dung, he reached the second branch. Finally after a fortnight, there he was proudly perched at the top of the tree. Soon he was promptly spotted by a farmer, who shot the turkey out of the tree.
Moral of the story: Bullshit might get you to the top, but it won't keep you there.
A little bird was flying south for the winter. It was so cold,the bird froze and fell to the ground in a large field. While it was lying there, a cow came by and dropped some dung on it. As the frozen bird lay there in the pile of cow dung, it began to realize how warm it was. The dung was actually thawing him out! He lay there all warm and happy, and soon began tossing for joy.
A passing cat heard the bird singing and came to investigate. Following the sound, the cat discovered the bird under the pile of cow dung, and promptly dug him out and ate him!
The morals of this story is:
- (1) Not everyone who drops shit on you is your enemy.
- (2) Not everyone who gets you out of shit is your friend.
- (3) And when you're in deep shit, keep your mouth shut.
I haven't read such fat allegory for years. A little search on google.com showed that apparently this is circulating on the net.
Allegory is a powerful device for nailing a point. Similar to simile, analogous to analogy, figures like figures of speech, it makes you see something that's otherwise hard to see, or refused to see. It's kinda like a trap. You start to read with amusement about animals and their affairs, but by the end of the story some moral you don't want to hear dawns and seizes you by force.
However, just like analogies, there is a problem with them: they have absolutely nothing to do with facts or truths. Even though their palpability pushed your button, they actually proved nothing. Like, you don't see math proofs littered with analogies.
Looking at the above parable, we could ask: "Can cows and bulls and shit really prove something about modern corporate environment?" Of course, you won't seriously consider asking that if you are not a turkey.
In Erik Naggum's last message, he relied on the analogy of unix shells and DOS to propound his belief that the ability of a single name having multiple meanings in a programing language is advantageous. In analogy, i'm using an allegory to illustrate the vacuity of his method of persuasion.
By the way, the unix shells and environment variable and ways, is quite a faaked up one. It is amazing to see its stupidities alluded as an advance for some language design argument. The whole morbidity of the prospect to place an executable script as any program name in any path with the faaked up ways to search for programs to execute and the faaked up way to determine whether it is a program by the faaked up permission bits system is one giant unpurgeable shit pile arose from ad hoc hacks of unixism. [see Unix Pipe as Functional Language]
In defense of Common Lisps' meaning-space problems, Erik Naggum has a favorite analogy, that people have no problem dealing with English words that are both noun and verb.
This is similar to Larry Wall's habit of using de facto human languages to defend status quo as design merits; contriving that Perl is such and such finely "designed" because English this and that. (Kent Pitman falls in the same pit.)
In the last 100 years or so, we have made tremendous advances in AI related sciences. Logic, computer sciences, language theories, cognitive psychology, neuroscience, unimaginable mountains of discrete mathematics. Only in the last 60 years or so ago, we human beings were _able_ to conceive and _build_ constructed languages like loglan. We do not yet begin to have much info on how specially constructed language like loglan/lojban can effect human thinking as a native language. [see Xah's lojban Tutorial] The Larry Wall type of moron, seems to have already decided that the status quo natural languages like English is superior, or have no facilities for imagination.
This line of moronicity are typical of sightless visionaries. They see the present, and they deduce that it is the best of possible worlds, and they pout and cry that the present state of things is the best state of things and must be pervasively maintained and guarded. They take an active stance to smite down those mathematicians who cater for tomorrow, and who brought them today's common sense yesterday.
Open the book of history, and we shall see that when irrational number were discovered and introduced, there were insistent naysayers. When Arabic number system where introduced, these naysays again we encounter. When new calender were introduced, again these morons. When machinery were introduced, we have Luddites. When contraceptives were introduced, we have Christians. When negative numbers were introduced, when "imaginary numbers" were introduced, when set theory were introduced, when non-Euclidean geometry were introduced, when type-writers were introduced, when computational mathematics were introduced, when functional programing were introduced… these faaking naysaying morons are the fighters of progress, fighting to keep the world standstill in their complacency or ignorance.
The fact is, if the world is not filled with these morons in totality, then scientific advances and new concepts and technologies are inevitable, only a matter of time. Concepts, such as Scheme's single namespace, or pure and non-strict functional languages, or other advanced ideas with superior mathematics basis, will mature and prevail. First generation, legacy, and fads like C, Common Lisp, Perl will die. Like a force of nature, inevitable, only a matter of time.
The key to intellectual progress is science. The fuel to all sciences is mathematics.
There is a difference between science and pseudo-science. Alonzo Church's stuff, for example, is the former. Larry Wall's stuff, is the latter. Larry Wall's crime, is that he trumpets his pseudo-science as science, using humor as his mask.
- George Orwell Animal Farm. Classic allegory. http://www.gutenberg.net.au/ebooks01/0100011h.html
- Category theory: mathematician's version of analogy.
Xah Lee
Erik Naggum on Lisp-1 vs Lisp-2
From: Erik Naggum Organization: Naggum Software, Oslo, Norway Newsgroups: comp.lang.lisp Date: 09 Mar 2001 08:05:55 +0000 Subject: Re: Separate namespaces [was: Re: please tell me the design faults] * Bruce Hoult [firstname.lastname@example.com] │ As someone coming to the discussion from a background of using C++ and │ Java and other similar languages I'm just trying to find out what the │ big advantage of having two namespaces is. The only languages I've │ previously used with multiple namespaces are C (for structs, and C++ has │ backtracked from that) and Perl (which has about half a dozen │ namespaces). Do you use an environment where you can give commands to a shell? Have you noticed that the first word of a command is treated differently than all the other words? It is looked for as internal commands to the shell, and it is searched for in directories in a PATH variable of some kind, in case you are unfamiliar with it. In the MS-DOS world, the name of a command is searched for with a particular extension (type). In the Unix world, the file so named would have to the execute bit set and . would have to be in the search path for the file to be eligible as a command, but normally, neither of these conditions are met. In both cases, this means that you can name a file in your local directory the same as the command, and there will be no confusion about which is command and which is local file. I hope this is so simple you can understand that you are already using, and accepting, an environment with two namespaces. That you can name your files anything you want and not affect the execution of any scripts or other programs that may invoke other programs that may be called the same by accident is a big win. That you can change to a different directory and not be suprised by trojan horses there just because a file is named the same as a command is a big win. (One prank pulled on ignorant students at the time people thought . in $PATH was convenient _and_ safe, was to place an executable file named "ls" in directories that others would likely snoop in.) Now, can you _imagine_ why anyone would want to name files in a local directory accidentally the same as some command someplace in the search list and blithely expect the command to work and the file to be seen as a simple file? Perhaps the fact that you don't have full control over the growth of the command namespace can be a clue. You _don't_ want a file you have had lying around for years to inhibit you from using a new program. Perhaps just the freedom to name files as you like is enough of a value for people that it would be a undue burden to make certain that you don't make a command unavailable. I suppose I'm wasting my time, again, being as you are so dense that you don't see anything that looks like clues to see why a namespace for functions different from variables makes sense, but it is a result of the desire for scalability at all levels. In particular, in Common Lisp we don't want to change the meaning of a function in some _other_ package just because its symbol is accessible in our package by using it as a variable. We even ensure that we don't step on other packages' symbols by using *foo* for global variables and foo for functions, so they split the one _symbol_ namespace amongst them, as well. All of this is very carefully thought out and the practice of Common Lisp is very different from languages where scalability is an after-thought. I suppose you'll dismiss this as irrelevant, again, being as you are so amazingly stupid to believe in omniscience and people knowing _exactly_ this and _exactly_ that, but maybe, just _maybe_, there's a remnant of working brain that might make you realize that you have been using a system with just this separation of functions from variables all along, and the reason it is like that is that it scales better than any other approach, and it gives you freedom from worry that you nuke commands by naming your files what you think is best. │ So in the end it doesn't appear to provide any compelling advantage or │ disadvantage. People who use CL seem happy enough with it. People who │ use other languages don't seem to feel any burning desire to have it. You're mistaken about the last part, and the first part is simply a statement of your staggering desire to remain ignorant, nothing else. │ There being no significant difference between the two, I'd also choose │ the simpler concept -- a single namespace and evaluation rule -- for any │ new language I happened to be involved with designing. Then implement this in your shell or other command processor and let us know how comfortable you are with it after a while. Search the current working directory first, and don't exclude files without an execute bit under Unix and look for files regardless of file type under MS-DOS. If we can take your above paragraph as an indication, you would actually design a shell or command processor that made no distinction between files at all and would happily try to execute non-executable files. Now, can you _imagine_ why Unix has execute bits and MS-DOS .EXE and the like? Does it make _any_ sense to you to try to distinguish functions from variables in the file system? Do you _really_ think it's that different from programming languages that _nothing_ can be learned from the need for scalability and convenience and a shot at _security_ in shells? If I had to deal with a computer that did not allow me call a file "cat" because there was a command by that name, I'd consider it broken as designed, and that's exactly what I feel about Scheme and Dylan and other retarded languages that conflate the function namespace with the variable namespace. Sometimes, I think you one-namespace guys are just plain idiots, but it's probably a cultural thing -- you don't know any better because you never saw any better. That would be OK, but when you're as stupid as to _refuse_ to _listen_ to people who know a better way, it's no longer a cultural thing, it's stupidity by choice. And yes, I actually _do_ think of the Lisps I use as shells. I live _in_ Emacs and _in_ Allegro CL as well as _in_ the Unix shell (bash). All of them enforce a separation of functions/commands from variables/data files. Oh, I come from a Unix/C background. The first time I was annoyed by the conflated namespaces in C was when I couldn't call a variable "time" when I wanted to call "time" in the same function. That was in 1980, mere weeks after I first used a Unix system. It was intuitively evident then and it has remained so, that functions and variables are different. That I hadn't run into the problem before is sheer luck, plus I had used a few systems where it was naturally a difference so I wouldn't have noticed it if I had "exploited" the difference. My experience leads me to believe that one-namespace-ness is a learned thing, an acquired braindamage. #:Erik -- "Hope is contagious" -- American Cancer Society "Despair is more contagious" -- British Farmers Society
The above is originally posted to comp.lang.lisp.
Subject: Re: Separate namespaces From: Xah Lee Newsgroups: comp.lang.lisp Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 13:47:33 GMT https://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.lisp/msg/7453b340d08fce71


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An inclusive congregation affiliated with the Conservative Movement.
Your Jewish Home for the Soul!
November 10, 2014 By bethmordecai no comments.
Dear Hevreh, If I were to tell you that this past weekend I went to New York for "Music! Singing! Dancing!," you might have thought that I was going to the latest Broadway show or some other musical performance. But in fact, along with nearly 15 other members of our congregation, we weren't at a show...we were at shul. To be exact, we were at Congregation B'nai Jeshrun, one of the largest and most thriving Conservative synagogues in the country. It's a synagogue that started in the late 19th century yet rapidly declined after a heyday around the middle of the 20th century. Then in the early 1980s it hired a charismatic rabbi Marshall Meyer, who was an aide to [...]
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Winter Greens Lasagna
Everyone loves lasagna yet I know great cooks who won't bother to make it at home, myself included for a long while, because it seemed too much work. Not true, not true! I've learned over the past few years lasagna can be pretty damn easy to make, particularly when someone reveals to you, as my […]Read More


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As seen on FS Wisconsin:
First question was cut off:
Fiers was real good again, nice to see him continue to throw great ballgames. Offensively, nice. I thought we were patient, I thought we waited for pitches in the zone that we could hit, and did a nice job. Defensively, good job also. And the bullpen came in and did a great job.
On Livan Hernandez:
I don't know if he'll be our setup man but we certainly like it when he comes in. He throws strikes, and that's something that we need our guys to do in the bullpen. So I'm not sure exactly where we're going to use him. I know we signed him as a long man but we may use him a little bit deeper in the game.
Was the Greinke trade today a distraction?
Yeah, I think knowing what happened with Zack before the game, we did a nice job of concentrating and knowing what we had to get done. I think they knew something might happen with Zack so it's not really a shock to them. Anytime you lose one of your main guys it changes the feeling about things.
What happened before the game with the Greinke trade?
Doug came in and told me what had happened, who the trade was to, we brought Zack and in told him. We got a call a little later from (Angels GM) Jerry DiPoto and then I know Zack probably is uncomfortable to walk around and...what's he going to say? 'Hey, I'm traded guys?' So I walked around and told guys what we had done, and then Zack came in and we talked a little bit longer and that was it.
Are you going to miss him?
Absolutely. I like him as a pitcher, I like him as a really nice young man. I enjoyed him a lot.
Insight on the return from the trade?
I don't know the two pitchers at all. I do know the shortstop, not that I've seen him but I've heard things about him when I was there. We saw him just shortly in spring training. I talked to one guy that's familiar with him a few days ago when we were looking at him and there's a lot of good reports. So I think Doug was happy with the three young men we got and hopefully they'll be able tto help us shortly.
Does Mark Rogers fit into Greinke's slot in the rotation on Sunday?
Yes, he would.
Is this a chance to look at what could be the rotation going forward?
Well, I think we could. I think we'll lThornburg. But I think if Rogers comes up and he's lights out in a game, we'd like to see him again. I don't know if we'll automatically go forward with young guys, but we'll see how it goes.ook at Mark and see what happens there. We'll also see what we think with


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The fight against the oppression of women has always occupied a significant place in the international socialist movement. In fact, International Working Women's Day (IWD) was founded by the socialist Second International in 1910 in Copenhagen. This past International Women's Day marked the 100th anniversary of demonstrations led by striking women textile workers on IWD in Petrograd, which sparked the Russian Revolution of 1917. Fightback chapters and Socialist Fightback student clubs across the country held a series of events and interventions to celebrate the socialist roots of IWD, discuss the lessons of the Russian Revolution and connect the struggle for the emancipation of women with the need to overthrow capitalism.
Socialist Fightback student clubs at the University of Toronto, University of Alberta, Université de Montréal and McGill all held events on or around International Women's Day on "How women sparked the Russian Revolution". The four events drew out crowds ranging from a dozen to upwards of 40. The Socialist Fightback club at York University & Seneca College will be hosting an event on the same topic in the coming week.
These discussions highlighted how it was the bravery of striking women in the face of brutal tsarist repression that inspired the rest of the workers to take to the streets, sparking the Russian Revolution that overthrew the Tsar in February and eventually led to the working class taking power in October. The workers' state under Lenin and Trotsky made massive advancements for women such as legalizing abortion, introducing civil marriages, making divorce more accessible to women, and introducing paid maternity leave. The main conclusion of the discussions on the Russian Revolution was that women cannot be genuinely emancipated under capitalism, which relies on their oppression, and must be linked up with the socialist transformation of society which was clearly demonstrated by the Russian Revolution. A feature on the Toronto event was aired by 96.9FM radio Humber and can be listened to here:
The Socialist Fightback club at the University of Waterloo also hosted an event with over 20 in attendance titled "Socialism and the Struggle for Women's Emancipation", which highlighted the limits of liberal feminism, which doesn't challenge the capitalist system; and the need for a mass, militant and united class struggle as the only way towards women's emancipation. Notably, the student clubs at the Universities of Alberta and Waterloo were just recently founded and these events are sure to put us on the map as the Marxist force on campus!
All together over 150 attendees have participated in the public gatherings hosted by the different branches of the Socialist Fightback Students to commemorate International Working Women's Day and the anniversary of the Russian Revolution. The various chapters have also participated in several demonstrations and marches marking IWD. Our comrades in Edmonton participated in a gathering of around 100 activists that took place in Churchill Square and engaged those in attendance in discussions of the importance of linking up the women's struggle with the class struggle.
As well, just before the event at UdeM, the comrades in Montreal attended a demonstration titled "Celebrate the resistance of women" in which approximately 300 people participated. The front cover of the latest issue of La Riposte Socialiste featured an article specifically about the role and the advances made by women in the Russian Revolution. It was very well received with more than 15 journals being sold to the militants that had gathered in the cold.
On the Saturday following IWD, thousands marched at the annual demonstration to mark this important day. Fightback mobilized an impressive contingent of 40 worker activists and students from the Socialist Fightback clubs to the IWD rally and march in Toronto. Our placards, which read "capitalism profits from women's oppression" and "a woman's place is in the revolution", were well received as were our chants in the march that linked up the women's struggle with the class struggle. We also sold over 100 Fightback magazines throughout the day, the feature article of which was also on how women sparked the Russian Revolution. This, and the success of all the events and interventions organized by Socialist Fightback/La Riposte socialiste clubs on the various campuses, is a testament to the growing interest of young people in the ideas of Marxism.
More and more young people are coming to the conclusion that the struggle against oppression in all its forms, and in particular the struggle of women, is inextricably linked to capitalist exploitation and its overthrow. But in order to overthrow oppression and exploitation once and for all, we must organize ourselves here and now. We appeal to all those who want to fight for the overthrow of capitalism to join their nearest Socialist Fightback club or to take the initiative to create one on your campus! If you are not a student, do not hesitate to contact us as we are not just a student group, but actively seek to link up the struggles of the students and workers. Only a Marxist program for the socialist transformation of society provides a clear path forward to ending the oppression of working women and emancipating all of the exploited and oppressed!


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On January 1st, 2012, the Nigerian government revoked a fuel subsidy Nigerians had benefited from for decades. Many citizens consider the subsidy the only benefit of being a Nigerian. Nevertheless, the Goodluck Jonathan administration believed that removal of the subsidy will foster fiscal stability during these troublesome economic times. As can be expected, citizens disagree and have made their opinion known in the way of protest.
I must confess that though painful in effect, I understand the logic behind the subsidy removal. Most governments around the world have been forced to do away with social programs that benefit the less fortunate majority. This is because tough economic times have meant a reduction of money to spend on important programs. Nigeria is therefore, not the only country where subsidy removal has become a necessity In 2010, for instance, the United Kingdom suffered debilitating riots when subsidies on education were removed for university students.
But unlike the United Kingdom, Nigeria has additional options to put its proverbial financial house in order before taking away one of the only social programs that its people actually benefit from. The government could have cut cost by letting go of the many appointees and personal assistants that got jobs with the current administration. Even more significant would have been a cut in the salaries and other allowances of high ranking officials. Nigeria's 'Honorable' and 'Distinguished' legislators have received pay hikes anywhere between over 100 percent and 800 percent (depending on who you ask) in recent years, making them undeserving millionaires.
Add to this the fact that Nigeria would save trillions to address basic necessities if it truly tackled corruption, something it has failed to do over the years. And in fact, the corruption by the political elite is so obvious, it is an insult to the average person who sees no future for their children or themselves. Nigeria is now a country where the educational system is in shambles, adequate healthcare for even the wealthy is questionable (talk less of for the poor), and unemployment remains at a terrifying high. With all that being the reality for Nigerias, the price of petrol has now doubled, and even tripled in some parts of the country as a result of the poorly implemented fuel subsidy revocation.
It is possible that the failure to address these problematic issues - education, health, unemployment, security e.t.c. - forced the country's finance minister, Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, to push through the fuel subsidy removal. After all, she comes from the World Bank, and in her view, a subsidy removal is more practical than waiting for legislators to lower their salary, something they have never done. Plus, any alternative measures that would save money would also require tedious bureaucratic procedure, which in Nigeria is never an expedient option. Okonjo-Iweala has now become one of the targets of the people's ire despite her pleas on BBC, where she argued that in order for Nigeria to address its overwhelmingly bad indicators (such as maternal death), the subsidy removal was an absolute necessity.
No matter what happens, Goodluck Jonathan will be the biggest loser at the end of the day. Although he managed to get 59 percent of the votes in the April 2011 presidential election, his popularity amongst many of his core supporters - southerners - is dwindling. This is as a result of the growing insecurity wrought by the Islamic fundamentalist group, Boko Haram. That, increasing economic struggles, and Jonathan's disappointing reaction to them, has shown him to be weak and uncaring. A fatal combination in Nigerian politics. And as citizens take to the streets in the #occupyNigeria protests against the fuel subsidy removal, the anger and hatred towards the president and the political elite mounts. Unfortunately for Jonathan, if he backs down to protests by reinstating some measure of a fuel subsidy, the perception of his political weakness will only grow. And if he chooses to stand his ground, the hatred against him and his peers will only harden.
With all the troubles Nigeria faces, I am thankful that the current political meltdown is occurring under a southern Christian president. If the current president was a northern Muslim, the Boko Haram attacks against Christians and the failure of the government to improve security would create the impression that a northern leader sanctioned the behavior of insurgents because they are his 'brethren'. That would compound the country's problems. This sliver of a silver lining, if one can consider it such, does not change the fact that the insecurity caused by Boko Haram and the discontent of the #occupyNigeria protesters has created what just may be the Nigerian revolution I called for several years ago.
Whatever the case may be, Nigerians are taking their lives into their own hands and not waiting for anyone for a remedy. I only hope that momentum will not be lost and that the people will fight for the improvement of the collective and not the few. It is time for the police and armed forces to put down their weapons and allow the people to exercise their democratic right. No more bloodshed need be spilled, but change must indeed come to Nigeria.
From The Archives:
- I Think Nigeria Needs A Revolution
- Putting A Nigerian Revolution in Context
- The Nigerian Psyche
- Persistent Psychological Paralysis
- The Significance of Persistent Psychological Paralysis
- 23MN of Nigeria's Youth Are Unemployable


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What is situational awareness?
A quick google search offers various definitions. Wikipedia, for example, defines situational awareness as "the perception of environmental elements and events concerning time and space, the comprehension of the meaning, and the projection of the future status."
This definition is comprehensive and, in our view, covers the essential elements of situational awareness. If you presented this to most people, however, it would not bring clarity and understanding.
So, let's explore the elements of situational awareness. We are also going to add a fourth element.
First, what are the four elements?
Situational awareness is vital to safety and self-defense. Accordingly, it is a topic worthy of extensive study and practice.
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'The common belief in political circles is that if you provide reservation to somebody, s/he will automatically come up.'
'This is a very faulty understanding.'
A key bill to provide Constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes has finally secured Parliament's approval.
The 123rd Amendment Bill 2017 was cleared by the Lok Sabha on August 2, 2018, superseding the amendments passed earlier by the Rajya Sabha.
The Bharatiya Janata Party calls it a historic bill while other parties describe it as a political move, passed with the coming assembly election in Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
"Just giving Constitutional status will not make it a historic decision," Dr Satendra Kumar, below, professor at the Gobind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute, Allahabad University, tells Rediff.com's Shobha Warrier.
Do you think the 123rd Amendment providing Constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Castes is historic?
Or is it just a political stunt with the assembly elections in mind?
I won't call it historic or anything like that. It is more political.
Just giving Constitutional status will not make it a historic decision. If they had really wanted to do something, they should have paid attention to issues like sub-categorisation, creamy layer and the complex index of backwardness.
What has happened in a simple effort. I am not denying there are some positive aspects to the amendment. It will definitely help, but you cannot call it historic.
Will it empower the backward communities in India?
Yes and no.
Yes, it is different from the earlier commission (the National Commission for SC/STs) in the sense that it gives equal power to the commission for backward castes.
It also gives the same power as civil courts to the commission which is a special feature under which the OBCs can go the commission and file a case.
For example, if somebody feels discriminated against or if atrocities are committed against them, they can file a case at the commission.
Till now, OBCs did not have access to such a court; they had to go to the police and the police may act or may not to the complaint.
OBC is a very large umbrella category. On one side, there are powerful caste groups and on the other side, there are a lot of marginalised groups also.
There is a large disparity within the OBC group itself. So, there is a fear of misusing the powers by the powerful groups.
At the same time, it can act as a safeguard for the less powerful groups among the OBCs. So, it can empower and help these people.
Now, to the no part of my answer. Just by providing Constitutional status to the commission will not cure the ills because a lot depends on implementation.
Do you feel what is more important is a change in the attitude of society?
We have had this commission of SCs and STs for quite some time, but it has not really been empowered even now.
Yes, implementation has to happen, also the attitude of society has to change.
The institution has to have the capacity to implement. Also, the leaders and bureaucrats have to have the attitude and willingness to implement them.
Do we have the infrastructure to implement?
What do you mean by infrastructure?
The states: Do they have the capacity to implement the ideas? Do they have the resources to take care of the interests of these groups?
What we need is a multi-layered programme.
Reservation is just one aspect of the whole programme.
The common belief in political circles is that if you provide reservation to somebody, s/he will automatically come up. This is a very faulty understanding.
What is more important: Political will or attitudinal change in society?
It is not one or the other; both are important.
Political will is needed to implement policies. Intervention of the State is also very important in any society or country.
At the same time, society at large has to play an important role in the whole exercise.
If you look at how changes have taken place in south India, particularly in Kerala and Tamil where social and religious movements have played a crucial role in the way society changed.
When a social movement becomes a political movement, it becomes a part of the State.
Like the Dravidian movement became Dravidian parties and started dominating the political scene?
Yes, these movements played a significant influence in the trajectory of the backward class movement and also in the development of these communities.
Why do you think such movements did not happen in northern India? Is it because lack of education or because the other communities are very strong?
There are a couple of reasons for this. In the northern belt, the coalition of Brahmins and Kshatriyas is very strong. They constitute around 20% of the population in north India, particularly in UP and Bihar.
You should compare this with the 3% to 4% Brahmins in Tamil Nadu. More than that, these Brahmins have moved away from formal politics.
The upper caste dominates formal politics in northern India or the cow belt.
For example, they constitute more than half the population in UP and Bihar. So, they have their agenda in the political domain even if you have commissions for the backward communities.
The Centre has said the NCBC applies only to the Centre and has no relation to the states. Are the states not supposed to implement the policies?
It is like this. You have an institution that will be run by the central government like all central government-run organisations. You also have institutions run by the state governments.
What happens is the Centre is not going to direct the state governments on how to function.
The states can have their own list of OBCs and they can launch their own programmes.
How does the NCBC function then? How will it empower OBC communities?
Like I said earlier, the commission acts as a civil court. People can make a complaint at the commission if the police do not listen to their complaints.
People can ask the NCBC to intervene if they feel their interests are not taken care of.
This is only one aspect. What they have not looked into is the sub-categorisation of OBCs which is a long pending demand.
After the Mandal report, various communities have been demanding this. The earlier NCBC also had demanded that the OBC community should be divided into three categories -- Backward, Most Backward and Extremely Backward.
I feel they blew up an opportunity while creating the NCBC. They should have done two things. Sub-categorisation should have been introduced while creating the NCBC. They should have also looked into the creamy layer debate.


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I know many people that despise running multiple version of desktop antivirus. One of these programs us usually enough to drop performance to a crawl. For those careful people who like to validate suspect files you get there is a great service VirusTotal.
This service works by accepting uploaded files from users, then running them through a series of tests and virus scanning engines, currently 41 different ones to be exact. This makes it extremely useful for gauging how to treat that questionable email attachment. It manages to do this by making hashes of the files that get uploaded then instead of using additional CPU cycles by scanning duplicate files, just matches the hash then returns the information to the user.
The other really cool part is that it provides detailed file information as well by analyzing the file's actual structure. Someone sends you a .jpg - but really it contains windows executable code ready to infect your machine. Find out what PE information, file structure, and signatures exist within the file.
Best of all the service is free - and actually gets a much better set of core data the more people that use it!


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Review: Widow Jane Kentucky Bourbon Whiskey 7 Years Old
Review: Widow Jane Kentucky Bourbon Whiskey 7 Years Old
Better known for its exotic cacao liqueurs (we're reviewing them in the coming weeks), Cacao Prieto also makes a highly regarded artisan Bourbon whiskey in limited quantities in its compound in Red Hook, Brooklyn.
How then does Widow Jane come to say "Kentucky Bourbon" on the label? Widow Jane is distilled in the Bluegrass state then shipped to New York for bottling, where it is cut down to bottle proof with local water. It's that water that gives the whiskey its name and its distinction vs. other spirits.
Where does the name come from? Per the company:
The water used to create this product comes from the Widow Jane mine in Rosendale, New York. Rosendale Limestone possesses an even higher ratio of beneficial minerals than that found in Kentucky and its sparkling waters are as pure as its namesake, the Widow Jane. The greatest structures in New York are from the gargantuan caissons that allowed the Brooklyn Bridge to soar, to the Statue of Liberty's 27,000 ton pedestal, to the Empire State Building itself are all held fast and strong by that Rosendale stone.
A combination of unfiltered 91 proof Bourbon and highly mineralized water can lead to a very slight cloudiness (calcium) in the bottle which appears when agitated. It is yet another attractive part of this package. Widow Jane Whiskey is a true New York City whiskey, evocative of both the rock that created the foundation for this city of skyscrapers and the forward looking, DIY spirit that has made Brooklyn the center of a new artisanal food and beverage movement.
However, despite all this, they can still put "Kentucky Bourbon" on the label… Funny thing, those liquor laws!
The company has previously sold a 5 year old version of Widow Jane. Here we have the new 7 year old for review.
Deep copper in color, this is serious whiskey from the get-go. I didn't detect any cloudiness. The nose is rich with cherry and wood, with light touches of menthol and camphor.
It's got a gorgeous and lush body, lots of heavy caramel and vanilla, backed up by ample cinnamon and baking spice, orange peel, and banana. Spicy and racy, this is a bit of a bruiser, and I would have pegged the proof level at considerably hotter than it really is. Water goes a long way with Widow Jane. But even then it's a burly and punchy spirit. This is a whiskey that's lots of fun, and perfect for reminiscing about what ye olde saloon might have been like — in Kentucky or New York.
91 proof.
3 Comments
Had the 7-year version a few weeks ago at the Oyster Bar in Grand Central in NYC. Tried it on the rocks and yeah…it needed a bit of water to mellow it down a bit. But a really tasty "bourbon", a great story and a fun old-timey location to drink it in.
Who is your distributor in north jersey?
Actually the whiskey comes from MGP and the water DOESN'T come from the mine. Most people call this lying, but this company calls it craft.


text: Pregnant women often experience bouts of nausea and vomiting upon awakening in the morning; the condition is commonly called "morning sickness," and it is one of the earliest indicators of pregnancy. The term "morning sickness" is something of a misnomer, as pregnant women can experience these symptoms at any time of day. Morning sickness usually abates towards the end of the first trimester of pregnancy. A wide variety of home remedies may be used to treat morning sickness, including eating cabbage or soda crackers, though doctors may prescribe anti-nausea medications to help stabilize the unsettling symptoms. Over-the-counter anti-nausea medicines may also be helpful.


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Buy Men Black Trench Long Coat At Good Price
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Minicom "break" sequence to Cisco device
Permalink: 07/27/16, 20:07 by Konstantin Shalygin in misc tags: cisco minicom
I was trying to reset a password that I had forgotten on a cisco 877. Standard procedure is to turn it off, wait 5 seconds, turn it back on, and hit the Break key. However, I use minicom to access my cisco devices over serial cables, and this did not work. It took me a while to work out that, because I was using minicom, I needed to send it 'ctrl-A' and then 'F' instead (it will display "sending break" if done correctly).
Just a reminder to myself really, and here in case someone finds this via google.


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The Equiery has run editorials critical of WSSC (the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, which 6,000 acres around the Patuxent watershed), so – in the spirit of the holiday season, we thought it appropriate to run kudos to WSSC! Below, longtime Equiery reader Debby Poole expresses her appreciation to the employees of the WSSC.
I wanted to thank the WSSC watershed manager, Eddie Franceschi for another fantastic year of riding the beautiful equestrian trails on the WSSC. I moved to Burtonsville, Maryland onto Belle Cote Drive when I was 15 years old. I got my first horse when I turned 16 and by 1969 I was riding on the nearby watershed trails. On my very first ride I went to the end of Kruhm Road on what was then more of a logging road; it took me straight down to the point (which my boarders call " Debby's Point" since they have heard this story a "few" times), one of the most glorious water views in Maryland!! I am now 62 years old and I have grandchildren learning to ride, so now the next generation has started.
I treasure all the memories of years working with various WSSC employees, some of whom boarded horses with me, some of whom used my horses for watershed patrols. I love the times of trimming and clearing the trails alongside and with you. I have wonderful memories of riding with the people you have recognized by naming a trail and bridge underpass in their honor: Terry Ledley and Pat Oliva. I am so proud of you for validating their worth to the equestrian community.
I love the new signs that tell you where you are. When my daughters were on the watershed years ago, they got turned around and couldn't decide which way would take them back to Kruhm Road. The new street signs are a great idea.
The signs listing hunting days are a terrific idea. I sent my boarders a picture of the sign that can be kept on their phones to check when they go riding to make sure it isn't a hunting day. I love it, and I think managed hunts are a good way to keep everyone safe while knocking back the overburdened deer population.
I love the on-line permit purchase. I print out my permit and keep it in my saddle and also downloaded it onto my phone.
The teams that arrive in response to our calls to move a downed tree are incredible. If you haven't been back to see the work they do it is amazing.
The trailhead numbers and colored tree blazes are very helpful for locating people.
The WSSC Police are very accommodating. When those of us from various local farms have called to report trail bikes blasting up the firebreak or other illegal activities, the police have been most helpful. Although it is almost impossible for them to catch the motorcycles, they put in a great effort.
Most of all, thank you for some of the most beautiful trail rides of my life. I have truly not ridden anywhere as lovely as these trails. I love the trails in every season, from springtime with the mountain laurel, ferns and tiny little wildflowers, to the fall berries and the beautiful colored trees, to now, with the leaves down and crunching under the horses feet, and full panoramic clear views of every direction of the watershed. How cool is that!
You all work together to make our lives a better place, from our drinking water to our amazing watershed. I will say it again: thank you!


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The Heritage Research Center is pleased to announce the opening of Quack 'o' Rama: A Collection of Questionable Medical Devices, a solo exhibition of quackery devices collected by the late LLU professor, William T. Jarvis, Ph.D. Selected items are now on display in the lobby of the Heritage Research Center located within the Vernier Radcliffe wing of the Del E. Webb Memorial Library, across the breezeway from Magan Hall.
It is shocking to believe that anyone would take these medical devices seriously. In decades past, a combination of scientific ignorance and hope for a magical cure-all allowed quack gadgets to thrive. In these modern times, a look at late-night infomercials on television shows medical quackery is still going strong. Consumers can even find quack gadgets on the "As seen on TV" shelves of their favorite retail chain stores. Quack 'o' Rama exhibits a selection of both handheld and large, cumbersome devices developed during the 1910 – 1950s used to fool and rob the consumer. Items on display include, the Radium Ore Revigator, a ceramic water crock lined with radioactive materials. This was marketed as a simple means to prevent illnesses including arthritis, flatulence, and senility. Also on display is the Ultra Violet Ray device which claimed to treat acne, alcohol and drug abuse, arthritis and cancer. Other items include antique medicine bottles, a sunlamp from the Battle Creek Sanitarium, rare first editions and out of print books from Loma Linda University's own Department of Archives and Special Collections, and vintage snake oil posters.
Many of these medical devices were proven to be either ineffective or unsafe and seized by the courts. Some of the inventors of these gadgets faced criminal charges too. During the 1980s, the equipment on display was turned over to the care and supervision of Dr. William T. Jarvis, President and founder of the California Council Against Health Fraud. Jarvis was also a professor at Loma Linda University with dual appointments in the Schools of Medicine and Public Health, and a secondary appointment in the School of Dentistry. He authored numerous articles, mainly on consumer health fraud. He also co-authored The Health Robbers, the textbook Consumer Health: A Guide to Intelligent Decisions, and authored Quackery and You. Dr. Jarvis died in March 2016 at the age of 80.
Those who wish to view the exhibit may do so for free! The items will be on display at the Heritage Research Center located within the Del E. Webb Memorial Library at the Loma Linda University campus from May 01 – September 29, 2017 during normal library hours.


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June 3-4 Duration 08:30 to 16:30 Location: Slosa Range, San Luis Obispo, CA
Intuitive Defensive Shooting – Handgun
This course is not designed to make you the best shooter you can be on the range,
rather its goal is to help you quickly develop fundamental skills that you can apply in a
worst case scenario defensive shooting situation.
IDS is based on years of constantly evolving information about how the body works and
what really happens during Dynamic Critical Incidents and has been heavily influenced
by the diverse group of instructors that are certified to teach it and the thousands of
students who have been through courses all around the world. The program features a
variety of specialty drills and training methods that the student will be able to utilize in
their own practice after the course in order to continue to develop their abilities.
This course is two full days of training, teaching, and practice. You are encouraged to
bring a notebook and a pen. The course will cover the following topics:
• Fundamentals of Defensive Shooting & Intuitive Skill Development
• Combat Accuracy
• High Compressed Ready position
• Lateral Motion – Net Survival Positive
• Presentation from the Holster (Reactive Vs Proactive)
• Assessment – Physical & Cognitive Skill
• The Balance of Speed & Precision
• Critical Incident Reload
• Volume of Fire
• Realistic Training for Multiple Target Engagement
• Understanding the Body's Natural Reactions during a Dynamic Critical Incident.
• One Handed & Weak Handed Shooting
• Non-Diagnostic Linear Malfunction Clearing
• Simulation Drills
• Shooting in Motion (When, How & Why)
Intuitive Defensive Carbine
This Course is designed to expose students to an efficient method of defending
themselves with a semi-automatic rifle during a dynamic critical incident. All of the
principles and fundamentals of the Intuitive Defensive Shooting program are applied
to the carbine and the following topics are covered:
• Four Points of Contact with a rifle and Intuitive Shooting Fundamentals
• Combat Accuracy
• Primary, secondary, and tertiary aiming methods
• The Balance of Speed & Precision
• Volume of Fire
• Critical Incident Reloads & Efficient Carbine Handling
• Transition to a Pistol
• Realistic Training for Multiple Target Engagement
• Counter Ambush Response simulation drills
• Shooting while Standing, Squatting, Kneeling & Seated
• Transition to support side shooting
• Shooting around Cover & in Unorthodox Shooting Positions course of fire
• Fundamentals Carbine Malfunction Clearing
Course Information
Meet up at 8.30 at the range office.
- Cost for the 2 Day IDS course is $600.
- Students will fire 400/600 Pistol and 400/600
Carbine rounds during the 2 day course.
- Bring a lunch, water, sunscreen, snacks, notepad and knee-pads.


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Announcements for 5/9
POWR Group Meeting
"Prayer Of Weight Reduction" support group is hosted at Pastor Chris & Abby's home each Tuesday night from 6:30-7:30pm. It is FREE and open to anyone that desires encouragement in loosing weight.
June 13-17th @ 6:00 to 8:45pm
(Parents are asked to join the end session at 8:30pm
to pick up their "ranch hands".)
Open to all community kids going in to
Kindergarten through 6th Grade
Spread the word! Invite all the kids you know!
They can register online at our church website!
VBS Preparation Meeting
All Vacation Bible School workers are encouraged to attend a preparation meeting being held next Sunday at 5pm. We will be handing out information on how to handle leading a child to Christ as well as discussing last minute details regarding this year's VBS!!
Preachers/Deacons Family Picnic
The annual Preacher/Deacon Family Picnic will again be held at Joe Lawson's home on Friday, May 14th at 6pm. All preachers, deacons and their family are welcome to attend. Meat and table service will be provided. Please bring a side dish to share and your lawn chairs.


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Hey Lovelies!
December is almost here and it's time to get your festive fun on and grab yourself a Christmas jumper. Each year these novelty must-have jumpers get better and better. Check out the best Christmas sweaters around:
1.For Star Wars Fans: Star Wars Character Christmas Tree Red Christmas Sweatshirt, £18.99 (Was £24.99), www.iwantoneofthose.com
Check out this official Star Wars merch attire. The fun jumper will be a firm favourite for Star Wars fans. You will probably be sick of the sight of it by the end of December! N.B: Should you require a baggy fit; it is recommended to buy one size up.
2.Festive Fun For Adults: Men's Santa's Log on The Fire Ugly Christmas Sweater, £44.92, www.tipsyelves.com
Make everyone laugh this festive season with the hilarious sweater featuring some rather inappropriate behaviour from Santa. Not so bad that you won't get any presents on Christmas morning, but risqué enough to have some fun and bask in the delight that your jumper is (thankfully) that much better than the usual Christmas pudding (worn by the local Christmas pudding)).
3.Festive Fun For Dab Fanatics: Santa Dab Men's Airforce Blue Christmas Jumper, £21.99, www.grindstore.com
For those who love to dab – check out this cool Santa doing the best dab of all. If seasonal dabbing brings you some festive cheer, this sweater is a must-buy! Perfect for those office parties or entertaining the family.
4. For Teenagers Or Jack & Sally Fans: Nightmare Before Christmas You're A Scream Men's Christmas Jumper, £39.99, www.grindstore.com
It may say 'men's', but I would totally wear this sweater. Ideal for your teenage goth or fans of Halloween's Jack and Sally, the jumper puts a perfect twist on this year's seasonal jumper. See, a sweater to suit everyone!
5.The Best One: Men's Carrot Trail Nightmare Ugly Christmas Sweater, £44.92, www.tipsyelves.com
This has to be the funniest Christmas jumper I've seen so far. It looks like Mr Frosty's days are well and truly numbered, and by the looks of the reindeer the icebreaker is not going to be exactly pain-free!
Have you bought your Christmas jumper yet? Share your festive sweater stories below. Happy shopping xx


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Learn How to Promote Company Culture
The culture of the company means the sum of attitudes, experiences, beliefs, values and norms espoused by an organization to determine the way individuals in an organization behave and interact with one another, and with other stakeholders.
The culture of an organization explains why things happen in the way they do. It helps customers and other external stakeholders identify the company and associate with it, leading to significant repeat business and positive word-of-mouth. Organizations, therefore, constantly seek ways on how to promote company culture.
The traditional "carrot and stick" approach rewards those who embrace the required norms and values, and punishes those who fail to do so. Such an approach, however, does not always effect a permanent change in the way employees behave in the organization.
Provide Ownership
The best approach on how to promote company culture is through goal-setting and providing employees with ownership of such goals. Effective goal setting entails making monthly, quarterly, and annual goals, at the individual, group, and organizational level. This fixes responsibility on each individual and every team, provides specific instructions on what constitutes desired behavior, and makes explicit how such behavior contributes to the overall goals and visions of the company.
An important consideration is to provide ownership for the individuals and teams in carrying out such goals and targets. The prerequisite is a healthy and honest discussion to match culture and roles with individual aspirations and forge a win-win approach. The discussions should also center on identifying components of the culture for carrying out, and making honest determination on components that could do with changes. This does not mean changing company culture to suit individuals, but rather allowing freedom of approaching individual elements independently within the framework of the broad culture.
Seeing through goals would invariably require some changes. Allowing the team member to suggest changes within the framework of the culture works best. Employees who think they make pivotal contributions remain eager and enthusiastic to reach the set goals whereas dictating and telling employees what to do without considering their aspirations and feedback, invariably results in cynicism, laziness, and mediocrity.
Champions are popular and widely accepted people, who serve as mentors to help in the implementation of goals at various levels. They help individual employees and teams assume ownership of their tasks and targets using a more informal capacity. Such champions spread awareness on what constitutes desirable behavior and norms, and drives home the point of change being a permanent rather than a quick-fix band-aid.
A good approach, however, is to encourage champions to emerge from within the team, rather than assigning the champion role.
As the adage goes, "out of sight, out of mind." Competitive pressures that foist too many things to do in too little time might cause employees to forget about organizational culture and goals. Creating good visibility of company values and norms by plastering them on the walls, making them screen savers, holding informal tête-à-têtes, and other efforts serve as effective reminders and serve as a reinforcement.
Create Excitement
Side by side with visibility is the need to create excitement. Ways to do so include:
- Holding informal luncheons, dinners, or other parties, and honing in on the required facets of corporate culture as the desired behavior for such parties.
- Social agenda interventions. For instance, a "caring organization" might donate a portion of proceeds to a particular charity or cause, or allow employees to spend some company time volunteering for a cause, or structure the product promotion campaign around the fact that the making of the product follows strict guidelines to conserve the ecology and environment.
Lead From the Front
The underlying premise for the success of all methods to promote company culture is effective leadership that leads from the front and takes a proactive approach in ensuring that the company culture remains prevalent in all company activities.
Many companies make the mistake of preaching about corporate culture and expecting employees to espouse such culture when the company actions do not betray such values. In the age of high visibility and high awareness, companies looking at ways on how to promote company culture need to apply the relevant elements of their culture in all activities, be it hiring practices, compensation packages, their product mix, service offerings, pricing, and other important areas.
- Charles W. L. Hill, and Gareth R. Jones. (2001) "Strategic Management." Houghton Mifflin.
- Kaufman, Ron. "Build a Company Culture that serves, sizzles, and succeeds." https://www.trainersdirect.com/resources/articles/BusinessManagement/BuildingACompanyCultureThatServes.htm
Image Credit: flickr.com/Wouter Kiel


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Perfect Ten Site Plan
Perfect Ten has a full condo facilities to be built and spread across the land parcel, to serve the residents with fun lifestyle, great entertainment for own enjoyment in living. View all the landscaping and condo facilities in our site plan.
Book An Appointment to view Perfect Ten ShowFlat & get VVIP Discounts (Limited Time), Direct Developer Price, & Hardcopy E-Brochure. Guaranteed with Best Price Possible.
Fill up the form on the right and get a copy of Perfect Ten Price, E-Brochure, and Latest Updates!
*Strictly no spam policy.


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Surely you've heard of the PYA G.U.E.S.T. accreditation by now.!?!
What does G.U.E.S.T. stand for?
Guidelines for Unified Excellence in Service Training (GUEST©).
This is the Professional Yachting Association's Industry Standard for Interior Crew Training and Certification (known as ICTC).
Interior yacht crew play a vital and fundamental role as the front line interface with owners and guests: their job is to ensure that top level service and hospitality are provided onboard. Until now there has been little formal training available for this role and, furthermore, the training that does exist has varied widely in both objectives and standards. The GUEST© initiative unifies these different approaches.
Deck and engineering crew have long benefited from a clearly defined scheme, based on formal study and work experience, for achieving certification, but, until now, no such scheme has been available to interior crew.
This career structure for interior crew is based on a combination of work experience and formal training. Each level of qualification, from Introduction Level, through Operational Level and onto Management Level is achieved by combining time spent with working for guests onboard with formal study. In this way, a comprehensive industry standard for the training of interior crew has been created.
The PYA, a professional body for all yacht crew, established a Work Group to carry out a consultation process that includes a wide range of industry professionals:- Captains, Chief Stewardesses and Chief Stewards, Sommeliers, Charter Agents, Crew Agents, Training Providers and the PYA's own Continuous Professional Development Team. This Work Group has established a clear career path for Interior Crew Training and Certification. The result of this effort is the Guidelines for Unified Excellence Service Training (GUEST©). GUEST© has been created by the Superyacht industry for the Superyacht industry.
ICTC is a formal structure for the training and certification of interior crew working on large yachts. This structure has been developed in close consultation with all the stakeholders: Interior Crew; Captains; Training Providers; Charter Agents and Crew Agencies.
Benefits to the individual are Continuous Professional Development. This can only benefit the crew as a whole. However most important are benefits felt by owners and guests. These should be the most profound.
In March 2013, a representative from the Professional Yachting Association, Joey Meen, visited Sydney to evaluate ASCT's Steward course. This was to ensure that ASCT's standards of training met the standards and criteria for G.U.E.S.T. accreditation. The outcome was that ASCT was able to demonstrate a high quality of training, which encompassed the necessary elements. This means that prospective ASCT Steward students can be confident that they have embarked on a new career with professional standards and a defined career path.
Now students of Australian Superyacht Crew Training have the best possible credentials on their CV and therefore the advantage when searching for jobs in the Superyacht industry. ASCT is now at the forefront of training in Australia
For Q&A about the Interior Crew Training and Certification (ICTC) direct from the PYA website please visit: www.pya.org/ICTC/FAQ
For information about the levels of training in your career path please follow this link: INTERIOR CREW TRAINING CERTIFICATION route: www.pya.org/publicdocs/ictc-careerplan.pdf
For further information please call Donna Morris, Director of ASCT (Australian Superyacht Crew Training). Ph: +61 (0)410 689288 or email to email@example.com


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Sereni, J. G. "Analysis of Entropy trajectories in very Heavy Fermions for Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration at the T<1K range." Materials Today: Proceedings 14 (2019): 67–71.
Abstract: With the aim to improve classical paramagnetic salts performances for adiabatic magnetization refrigeration processes, relevant thermodynamic parameters of recently discovered very heavy fermion Yb-based intermetallic compounds are investigated within the sub-Kelvin range of temperature. Focusing on fixed thermal points, required for e.g. photonic devices operating within the 100 mK range in orbital satellites, the nature of respective magnetic ground states are discussed together with the effect of an 'entropy bottleneck' imposed by the Nernst postulate the entropy S(T) trajectories. To gain insight into the main criteria for a proper choice of suitable materials for alternative applications, thermomagnetic S(T,B) trajectories and respective derivatives: δS/δT and δS/δB, are analyzed as key parameters for this magnetocaloric process and compared with those from the classical salt Cerium-Magnesium-Nitride (CMN).
Keywords: Adiabatic refrigeration; Entropy; Very Heavy Fermions


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Turning Point online 11th Step in-person and Zoom Meeting
In-person and Online
Back to Meetings
Meeting Information
Sunday, to 9:30 AM
- In-person
- Online
- Newcomer
- Open
Open meetings are available to anyone interested in Alcoholics Anonymous' program of recovery from alcoholism. Nonalcoholics may attend open meetings as observers.
Meeting ID: 790 110 7372
Passcode: 941 657
Online MeetingJoin with Zoom
Turning Point
- Updated October 27, 2021
Church in the Wildwood
3 other meetings at this location
10585 Ute Pass Ave
Green Mountain Falls, CO 80819