text:
Supreme Court
POTTI LAKSHMI PERUMALLU Vs POTTI KRISHNAVENAMMA
Case number: Appeal (civil) 519 of 1961
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ACT: Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act, 1937 (Act 18 of 1937)- Husband member of joint family-Will by husband-Whether amounts to separation-Whether could be construed as family arrangement-Widow's interest-Determination-Whether as on the date of seeking partition or as on the date of death of husband.
HEADNOTE: The respondent, widow of S, the brother of the appellant, filed a suit claiming half share in the entire property by virtue of the provisions of the Hindu Women's Right to Property Act. After the death of S, his only son by his first wife died at the age of 11 years. The respondent admitted that S had purported to execute a will before his death but contended that it was inoperative because he was a member of a Hindu joint family at the time of his death. The courts below found that the suit properties were the joint family properties of S and the appellant, that the will executed by S was inoperative and not binding on the respondent and that she was entitled to half share in the suit properties. On appeal by special leave, the appellant contended that (1) the will executed by S itself resulted in a severance in the status of the two brothers constituting the joint family and that in any event separation ensued between them at the death of S; (2) at any rate the will should be construed to be a family arrangement made by the Karta of the family and assented to by the respondent and by the father and the foster-father of the respondent on her behalf, and (3) assuming that neither of the two contentions were correct, the interest to which the respondent would be entitled would be 1/4th share in the property and not half share therein, this interest having to be ascertained as on the date of the death of S. HELD : that the High Court rightly negatived all these contentions. (i) Nowhere in the will had S stated that be wanted to put an end to the coparcenary. Indeed, the very assertion
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therein-though it has been concurrently found to be untrue- that the property was not joint family property would preclude an inference that S intended to express an intention to separate and put an end to a coparcenary which, according to that assertion, in fact did not exist, [30G- 31A] A. Raghavamnma v. A. Chenchamnma, [1964] 2 S.C.R. 933 referred to. (ii)A family arrangement which is for the benefit of the family generally can be enforced in a court of law. But before the court would do so, it must be shown that there was an occasion for entering into a family arrangement and it was acted upon. [31A-B] (iii)According to the theory underlying the Hindu law the widow of a deceased Hindu is his surviving half and therefore as long as she is alive he must be deemed to continue to exist in her person. This surviving half had, under the Hindu law texts, no right to claim a partition of the property of the family to which her husband belonged. But the Act of 1937 has conferred that right upon her. When the Act says that she will have the same right as her husband had, it clearly means that she would be entitled to be allotted the same share as her husband 27 would have been entitled to had he lived on the date on which she claimed partition. The interest devolving upon the widow need not necessarily be either by survivorship or by inheritance but could also be in a third way i.e., by statute and where the interest is taken by her under a statute it would be of a kind provided by the statute itself. [34B-D; 37B] Case law discussed. Jadaobai v. Puranmal, I.L.R. [1944] Nag. 832, and Natarajan Chettiar v. Perumal Ammal, A.I.R. 1943 Mad. 246, disapproved. Siveshwar Prasad v. Lala Har Narain, I.L.R. (1944) 23 Pat. 760 and Rajendrabati v. Mungalal, I.L.R. (1952) 31 Pat. 477, distinguished.
JUDGMENT: CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 519 of 1961. Appeal by special leave from the judgment and decree dated December 11, 1958, of the Andhra Pradesh High Court in Appeal Suit No. 1142/1953. S. T. Desai and T. V. R. Tatachari, for the appellant. G. Venkatarama Sastri and R. Gopalakrishnan, for the respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by Mudholkar J. This is an appeal by special leave from the judgment of the High Court of Andhra Pradesh affirming the decrees for partition and separate possession of certain movable and immovable properties, passed by the second Additional Subordinate Judge, Vijayawada. The genealogical table showing the relationship between the parties set out below will be of assistance in appreciating the facts of the case Potti Subba Rao (died in 1919) ------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : First wife Sitaraimaiah Second wife Lakshmi Krishnamruti : (died on (Plaintiff) Perumallu (died in 1930) : (defendant)
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: 10.8.1938) Krishnavena- : mma Pulla Pao died in 1939 Potti Subba Rao who died in the year 1919 was survived by three sons Sitaramaiah, Lakshmi Perumallu and Krishnamurti. Sitaramaiah was married twice. From the first wife he had a son named Pulla Rao. After the death of the first wife he married Krishnavenamma, the plaintiff in the suit. Sitaramaiah died on August 10, 1938. No issue was born to Krishnavenamma who was only 14 years of age at the time of Sitaramaiah's death. Pulla 28 Rao died in the year 1939 at the age of 11 years. Krishnamurti died in the year 1930 i.e., before Sitaramaiah, without leaving any issue or a widow. The plaintiff continued to stay in the same house as the defendant till the beginning of July, 1950. Then she suddenly left the house and instituted the suit in question on the 6th of that month. According to her Sitaramaiah and his two brothers, defendant and Krishnamurti, acquired large movable and immovable property at Vijayawada, described in the schedule to the plaint, with the aid of their ancestral business. She claimed half Share in the entire property set out in the schedules, by virtue of the provisions of the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act, 1937. She admitted that her husband had purported to execute a will before his death but contended that it was inoperative because he was a member of a Hindu joint family at the time of his death. The defendant contested the claim on various grounds. According to him there was no ancestral property and the suit properties were acquired by the brothers by their individual efforts and treated as self-acquisition. Further according to him the will executed by Sitaramaiah is valid and binding on the plaintiff and that the property allotted to the plaintiff under the will was being enjoyed by the plaintiff and further the properties allotted to Pulla Rao devolved upon him after Pulla Rao's death. Lastly, according to him even if the property were held to be joint family property of Sitaramaiah and the defendant the plaintiff would be entitled only to 1/4th share in them and not half share. The courts below have found that. the suit properties were the joint family properties of Sitaramaiah and the defendant, that the will executed by Sitaramaiah was inoperative and not binding on the plaintiff and that the plaintiff is entitled to half share in the Suit properties. 'the trial court gave direction to the effect that a commissioner be appointed for ascertaining the property liable to be partitioned and for dividing them into two equal shares by metes and bounds for the purpose of awarding to the plaintiff the separate possession of her half share in the properties. Mr. S. T. Desai who appears for the defendant-appellant has not challenged the concurrent findings of the courts below to the effect that the properties acquired by the family were joint family properties. He, however, urged the following three contentions before us : (1) The will executed by Sitaramaiah on August 3, 1938 itself resulted in severance in the status of the two brothers constituting the joint family and that in any 29 event separation ensued between them at the death of Sitaramaiah;
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(2) that at any rate the will should be construed to be a family arrangement made by the karta of the family and assented to by the defendant and by the father and the foster- father of the plaintiff on her behalf; (3) assuming that neither of the two contentions is correct, the interest to which the plaintiff would be entitled would be 1/4th share in the property and not half share therein. This interest has to be ascertained as on the date of the death of Sitaramaiah. All these contentions were also urged before the High Court but were negatived by it and in our opinion, rightly. Mr. Desai has, however, placed reliance upon a recent decision of this Court in A. Raghavamma & anr. v. A. Chenchamma & anr. (1) in support of the contention that the will itself effected a severance in status. What was held in that case was that a member of a joint Hindu family can bring about a separation in status by a definite and unequivocal declaration of his intention to separate himself from the family and enjoy his share in severalty by expressing such an intention even in a will. It was further held that the knowledge of the expression of intention to separate has to be brought home to the persons affected by it and if that is done it relates back to the date when the intention was formed and expressed. A perusal of the will, Ex. B-1, does not however unmistakably show that the intention of Sitaramaiah was to separate himself from the joint family. At the outset he has stated : "I have executed this will regarding the arrangements to take effect after my life-time with regard to the enjoyment of the joint immovable and movable properties which are possessed by me and under my management by my brother and others." In the second paragraph he has stated that he had no ancestral property at all and that the business carried' on by himself and his brother was established by them. In the third paragraph he directed that the plaintiff shall maintain his son Pulla Rao and that his brother would took after the interests of Pulla Rao. The 4th 5th and the 8th paragraphs on which reliance is placed by Mr. Desai run thus : "4. If for any reason the said Krishnaveni does not agree to be like that my younger brother Lakshmi Perumallu shall deliver possession of the upstair house constructed newly on the house site purchased from Nadakurthi (1) [1964]2 S.C.R. 933. p./64 3 30 Kristamma and others and the tiled room situate in the big street and purchased from Gunda Subbarayudu out of the immovable property possessed by me in Bezwada town on condition of including them in the half share of the property that shall pass to my -,on after my life-time. 5. The said Krishnaveni shall be at liberty to take passion of the two properties mentioned in paragraph 4 above, to pay all kinds of taxes payable thereon and to enjoy freely throughout her life-time only the income got every year from the said two properties without powers of gift, mortgage, exchange and sale by following the age-old custom and by maintaining the family respect
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and custom and the said two properties shall pass to,my son Pulla Rao alias Venkatasatyanarayana after tier life-time. 8. My younger brother Lakshmi Perumallu shall keep the remaining entire property joint till my son Pulla Rao alias Venkatasatyanarayana attains majority and manage the same, shall bring up the boy properly, celebrate the marriage and other auspicious functions and divide the half share of the property after he attains majority and deliver possession of the same to my son." It seems to us difficult to infer from the recitals in these paragraphs that Sitaramaiah had expressed his unequivocal intention to get separated in status. No doubt, in the 4th paragraph he has that in certain circumstances certain property will be included in the half share of the property that would pass to his son after his death and he has also said in paragraph 5 that the plaintiff shall be at liberty to take possession of the two properties indicated in paragraph 4, enjoy them during her life time and that on her death they will pass to Pulla Rao. But in paragraph 6 he has referred to the remaining property -is "joint property" and has repeated that in paragraph 7. Again, what he has said in paragraph 8 militates wholly against the inference of separation in status. There he has enjoined upon the defendant to keep the remaining property joint till Pulla Rao attained majority, manage the same and divide that property between himself and Pulla Rao after the latter attained majority. Nowhere in the will has he stated that be wanted to put an end to the coparcenary. Indeed, the very assertion which has been concurrently found to be untrue that the property was not joint family property would preclude an inference that Sitaramaiah intended to express his intention to separate in status and put an ,end to a coparcenary which, according to that assertion, in fact did 31 not exist. In the circumstances we cannot accept the first contention of Mr. Desai. No doubt, a family arrangement which is for the benefit of the family generally can be enforced in a court of law. But before the court would do so, it must be shown that there was an occasion for effecting a family arrangement and that it was acted upon. It is quite clear that there is complete absence of evidence to show that there was such an occasion or the arrangement indicated in the will was acted upon. The letter Ex. B12 upon which reliance was placed before the High Court on behalf of the defendant has not been found by it to be genuine. The defendant had also pleaded that the provisions under the will were given effect to but no satisfactory evidence has been adduced to prove that the plaintiff was in enjoyment of the properties allotted to her under the will. We cannot, therefore, accept the second contention of Mr. Desai. Coming to the list question there is a certain amount of conflict in the decisions of the various High Courts. One view is that the quantum of interest to which a Hindu widow is entitled under s. 3(2) of the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act, 1937, is to be determined as on the date on which she seeks to enforce partition under sub-s. (3) of s. 3. The other view is that it has to be determined as on the date on which her husband died, that is to say, that it is not a fluctuating interest increasing or decreasing as a result of deaths or births in the family. The first mentioned view has been stated with approval in
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Mulla's Principles of Hindu Law, (12 ed.) and it is stated at pp. 109-110 : "The share which devolves on a widow of a deceased coparcener is not a fixed and determinate share but what she takes is the 'same interest as he himself had'. Therefore, until there is partition. she cannot predicate the particular fraction of her share for it is likely to increase or decrease by birth or death of other coparceners. Her share would include a share in accretions to the joint family property till partition is effected. Prior to the Act, a widow was entitled to a share in partition among her sons in her capacity as a mother (except in Madras). It has been held in a number of cases that after the Act the widow cannot claim a double share on partition between the sons, one in her capacity as a widow and another as a mother. Under the prior law, stridhan acquired by a female from her husband or father-in-law was taken 32 into account when a share was allotted to her on partition amongst the sons. The share she gets under section 3 (2) is not affected by any rule of Hindu law to the contrary and it has been held in a Nagpur case that such stridhan received by her would not be deducted from her share on partition." In support of this statement in law reliance has been placed upon the following decisions : Nagappa v. Mukambe(1); Mahadu v. Gajarabai(2); Shivappa v. Yellewa(3); Gangadhar v. Subhashsini (4 ) ; Tukaram v. Gangi(5); Ramchandra v. Ramgopal(6); Hanuman v. Tulsabai(7). In addition to these decisions our attention was also invited to Gurudayal v. Sarju(8); Kamal Kishore v. Harihar(9); Sabujpari v. Satrughan Isser(1O); Movva Subba Rao v. Movva Krishna Prasaadam(11); Parapa v. Nagamma(12); Manicka v. Arunachala ( 13 ) ; Harekrishna v. Jujesthi(14); Keluni v. Jagabandhu(15); The Indian Leaf Tobacco Development Co. Ltd., v. K. Kotayya(16); Laxman v. Gangabai(17) Bhondu v. Ramdayal(18); Ratan Kumari v. Sunder Lal(19). The High Court itself refer-red to the decision in Chinniah Chettiar v. Sivagami Achi (20) which is a decision of the Full Bench constituted for resolving an apparent conflict between the decisions in Chinniali Chettiar's case(2O) and Subba Naicker v. Nallammal(21). In the opinion of the Full Bench there was really no conflict between the two decisions and that the right conferred by the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act was a new right in modification of the pre- existing one. The Full Bench further held that s. 3 (2) of the Act does not bring about a severance of interest of the deceased coparcener, that his widow is not raised to the status of a coparcener though she continues to be a member of the joint Hindu family as she was before the Act, that the joint family would continue to exist as before subject only to her the rights of the other members of the out on, the basis that the husband die 1) I.L.R. [1951] Bom. 442. (3) I.L.R. [1953] Bom. 958. (5) A.I.R. 1957 Nag. 28. (7) A.I.R. 1956 Nag. 63. (9) I.L.R. [1951] Pat. 357.
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(11) I.L.R. [1954] Mad. 257. (13) I.L.R. [1961] Mad. 1016. (15) I.L.R. [1957] Cutt. 630. (17) I.L.R. [1955] M.B. 282. (19) A.I.R. 19591 Cal. 787. (21) (1949) 2 M.L.J. 536. (2) I.L.R. [1954] Bom. 885. (4) A.I.R. 1955 Orissa 135. (6) I.L.R. [1956] Nag. 362. (8) A.I.R. 1952 Nag. 43. (10) A.I.R. 1958 Pat. 405. (12) I.L.R. [1954] Mad. 183(F.B) (14) I.L.R. (1955] Cutt. 70 (16) A.I.R. 1955 Andh. 135. (18) A.I.R. 1960 M.P. 51. (20) I.L.R. [1945] Mad. 402. 33 on the date when the widow passed away, the right to survivorship being suspended till then. Further according to the Full Bench a widow can under the Act claim a share not only in the property owned and possessed by the family at the time of his death but also in the accretions arising therefrom, irrespective of the character of the accretions. Tile various decisions to which we have adverted rest on the view that the interest which the law has conferred upon the widow is a new kind of interest though in character it is what is commonly known as the Hindu widow's estate. This interest is in substitution of her right under the pre- existing Hindu law to claim maintenance. The decisions also recognise that though the widow does not, by virtue of the interest given to her by the new law become a coparcener she being entitled to claim partition of the joint family property is in the same position in which her deceased husband would have been in the matter of exercise of that right. That is to say, according to these decisions her interest is a fluctuating one and is liable to increase or decrease according as there were deaths in or additions to the members of the family or according as there are accretions to or diminutions of the property. In our opinion these decisions lay down the law correctly. To hold, as contended for by Mr. Desai and as would appear from the two decisions upon which reliance was placed by him before us Jadaobai v. Puranmal(1) and Siveshwar Prasad v. Lala Har Narain (2)-would mean that whenever a coparcener in a Hindu oint family dies leaving a widow a disruption takes place in the family. For, unless a disruption is deemed to take place, it would not be possible for the widow's share to be crystallised. The argument of Mr. Desai, however, is that the words in the Act "his widow shall, subject to the provisions of sub-s. (3) have in the property the same interest as he himself had" can only mean the interest which the deceased coparcener had at the moment of his death and the words "shall be the limited interest known as a Hindu woman's estate" show that the nature of her interest was to be the same as already recognised by the Hindu law. The legislature did not, he says, intend to create a new kind of interest nor to make her a coparcener. Undoubtedly she does not become a coparcener, though her interest in the family property is to be the same as that of her deceased husband except that in extent it is to be that of a Hindu widow. (Now, of course , it has been enlarged by s. 14 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956). But a coparcener has no defined interest in the joint family property and the right which he has is to claim for partition. The quantum of his interest would be determinable
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(1) I.L.R, [1944] Nag. 832. (2) I.L.R. (1944) 23 Pat. 760). 34 with reference to the date on which such member unequivocally declares his intention to separate and thus put an end to the coparcenary. It cannot even be suggested that the event of the death of a coparcener is not tantamount to an unequivocal declaration by him to separate from the family. According to the theory underlying the Hindu law the widow of a deceased Hindu is his surviving half and, therefore, as long as she is alive he must be deemed to continue to exist in her person. This surviving half had under the Hindu law texts no right to claim a partition of the property of the family to which her husband belonged. But the Act of 1937 has conferred that right upon her. When the Act says that she will have the same right as her husband had it clearly means that she would be entitled to be allotted the same share as her husband would have been entitled to had he lived on the date on which she claimed partition. Jadaobai's case(1) in which a different view has been taken and on which reliance has been placed by Mr. Desai may now be considered. In that case it was contended that the widow does not take any property by succession and, therefore, she is not liable to produce a succession certificate for the execution of a decree obtained by her husband. In support of this contention reliance was placed on behalf of the widow upon the decision in Natarajan Chettiar v. Perumal Ammal (2). In that case Horwill J. observed as follows : " The widow does not obtain the right given under this section (section 3 of the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act, 1937) by survivorship. She was not a coparcener before her husband's death and she was not one afterwards. I do not however think that it follows that because the widow does not obtain her right by survivorship that she must obtain it by inheritance, The effect of s. 3 cls. (2) and (3) may be regarded as a survival of the husband's persona in the wife giving her the same rights as her husband had except that she can alienate property only under certain circumstances. As the widow did' not inherit her right, no succession certificate is necessary." The learned Judges of the Nagpur High Court observed that a person can take the property of another either by survivorship or by succession and that if, as held in the Madras case, the widow of a deceased coparcener does not take it by survivorship the only (1) I.L.R. [1944] Nag. 832. (2) A.I.R. 1943 Mad. 246. 35 way in which she could take it would be by succession. In the course of the judgment the learned Judges observed : "Horwill J., in the Madras case quoted above, is of the opinion that the mere fact that the widow does not obtain her right by survivorship does not lead to the conclusion that she obtains it by inheritance. If she does not claim it by inheritance we fail to understand how she is claiming it in the face of the clear wording of the Act. The observa- tions that the effect of section 3, clauses (2) and (3), may be regarded as a survival of
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the husband's persona in the wife, giving her the same rights as her husband had except that she can alienate property only under certain circumstances, do not indicate very clearly what was really intended to be laid down. Survivorship having been ruled out the only other mode by which she will be clothed with the rights of her husband in the property, though to a limited extent, would be by succession or inheritance if she claims under the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act." It seems to us that the learned Judges were not quite correct in saying that the property of one person can, on his death, devolve on another only by survivorship or by inheritance and in no other way. For, it is competent for the legislature to confer a right on a person to get the property of another on the latter's death in certain circumstances. This is precisely what has been done by the legislature in enacting s. 3, sub-s. (2) of the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act. Adverting to the aforesaid decision it was observed by another division bench of the same High Court in Gurdayal v. Sarju(1): "Reliance-was, however, placed for the defendants on Jadaobai v. Puranmal (2 ) where a Division Bench of this Court held that the interest of the husband devolves on the widow by inheritance and not by survivorship. We have no quarrel with that. It does not matter for the purposes of this case how the interest which the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act gives Sarjubai devolved on her. The question is of what does that interest consist. Even if it devolves on her by inheritance the interest is, according to the Act, 'the same interest as the husband had', and 'the same right of claiming a partition as a male owner.' Whether this right devolved on Sarjubai by way of inheritance, or by succession, or whether because of the Act, as (1) A.T.R. [1952] Nag. 43. (2) I.L.R. [1944] Nag. 832. 36 a statutory right, would make Do difference. The right is the same as that of a male owner and the interest is the same as her husband had. For these limited purposes she merely steps into his shoe,-, and can be regarded as a continuation of himself." In the next case relied upon, Siveshwar Prasad v. Lala Har Narain(1) a Division Bench has held that the interest which is acquired by a widow under the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act, 1937 is not as a survivor but as an heir of her husband. The interest, therefore, is an asset of her husband in her hands and can be proceeded against by a creditor even though it may be an undivided interest in a joint family property. It is difficult to appreciate how this decision is of assistance to the appellant. No doubt, the husband's interest does not devolve on the widow by survivorship but it does not follow from that the husband's interest gets crystallised at the moment of his death and that it is to this interest that the widow succeeds. On the other hand the view of the learned Judges that the husband's interest is liable to be attached at the instance of the husband's creditors despite its devolution on the widow seems to accord with the view that the widow takes the
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husband's interest as the surviving half of the husband. A passing reference was also made by learned counsel to Rajendrabati v. Mungalal(2). The question for consideration in that case was the same as in Jadaobai's case(3) and the High Court relying upon its earlier decision held that the provisions of S. 214 of the Indian Succession Act, 1925 were attracted, the suit being one for the recovery of her share of the money due to the joint family of which her deceased husband was a member. In the course of the argument reliance was placed on a decision of the Madras High Court in which it was held that under s. 3 of the Hindu Women's Rights to Property Act a widow of a deceased coparcener in a joint Hindu family becomes entitled to a right not as an heir but by statute and that she stands in the shoes of her deceased husband and continues to be a member of the joint family. This argument was rejected by the learned Judges who observed: "With the greatest respect I cannot accept this proposition specially in view of the principles which have been so definitely laid down in two Bench decisions of this Court referred to above. The lady may be regarded as a member of the joint family but as has been pointed out by this Court the interest which devolves upon her after the death of the last male holder, must be regarded as an (1)I.L.R. (1944) 23 Pat. 760. (2) I.L.R. (1952) 31 Pat. 477. (3) I.L.R. [1944] Nag. 832. 37 interest descending to her as an heir, and as soon as it is held that she acquires her interest as an heir section 214 of the Succession Act would come into play and no decree can be passed in her favour unless she produces a succession certificate." As we have already pointed out the interest devolving upon the widow need not necessarily be either by survivorship or by inheritance but could also be in a third way i.e., by statute and where the interest is taken by her under a statute no further difficulty arises. We are, therefore, clearly of the view that the High Court was right in allotting to the respondent half share in the family property at its partition. Accordingly we affirm its decree and dismiss the appeal with costs. Appeal dismissed.


text:
He let us pet him!
Yesterday, Nancy, Shelley, and I set out to pick up some bargains for our Collins and BCA corners. We stopped at Sestili's, Chapon's, Plumline, North Hills Water Gardens, and a new-to-us place, Camp Joanne on Route 380 in Murrysville, which had some amazing deals.
For Collins, we purchased:
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides (hardy plumbago) x 6
Sedum spurium 'Voodoo' (stonecrop) x 6
Hydrangea paniculata 'DVPinky' (Pinky Winky hydrangea) x 1 (We need another.)
Hypericum x 'Albury Purple' (St; John's Wort) x 2
For the BCA we bought:
Screening (deer-resistant) arborvitae x 10
We scoped out several other groundcovers, perennials, and grasses, plus some stones. We hope to get everything at more fall sale prices.
I'll continue to update this post with addl deets. You'll notice the plants I listed above installed at the Collins corners as of September 8, 2011.
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text: The ultimate touring tire, made for roads, tracks and trails of all continents. The tread pays homage to its legendary Marathon XR predecessor. Construction and compounding are naturally the very latest Schwalbe Evo technology. TravelStar compound for the best handling characteristics, Double Defense technology makes it light, but with an extremely robust construction. The world is round. Ride it.


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Unfortunately registration is full for the Driver's Edge courses that are happening at FedEx Field on June 18th, and 19th that I reported on. However, if you or your teenager are still interested you can sign-up to be put on the waiting list if any spots do become available. You can also request to be put on the Notification List, for upcoming tour dates in different cities. Two other cities currently are available (you can sign-up for the waiting list) in Nashville and Boston. Additional dates become available during the summer, so it's good to check back on their website once in awhile.
Driver's Edge is a great program which gives teens the chance to work with professional race car drivers to gain experience controlling cars in difficult situations. The programs are provided Free, so that anyone interested can attend a course. You might be happy one day your teen got the chance to attend a Driver's Edge course, if it helps them avoid a car accident!


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Senior advisor to the Director Chris Coulson looks for poetic endings in the Museum's collection.
I'm Chris Coulson, senior advisor to the Director, and my topic is "Endings."
I like that moment in the movies where the screen goes black and you're suspended between the world of the film and the reality that's going to return when the lights go up.
When the curtain goes up at the opera, I'm always the one weeping in the audience, because of the sheer performance of it all.
And I feel the same way about words. I love short stories, because they can end at any moment.
There's that tension of the last line possibly being on the next page.
People make a lot of the first line of novels. I disagree.
The last line is your legacy.
The all-American ending: the great cliché of the cowboy riding off into the horizon. Those billowing clouds and all his testosterone pumping. I don't think real endings are always that tidy or romantic. Artists
bring to endings a sense of poetry that doesn't really exist in real life. They can couch it in narrative
they can think about it as legacy. They can
show things with a simultaneity that doesn't exist
in real time. And it's very convenient.
There's a long tradition of people being comforted by images that
help them through that finality, through their own mortality.
This incredible carpet of people in London marking Armistice Day. Imagine being with that many human beings in total silence.
You're celebrating the end of the war, but you're also recognizing what was lost. And as happy as you are that it's over, so much has changed to so many lives.
The Dead Confederate Soldier is brutal and powerful death in its most raw, wartime way. The polar opposite of that
the very formal and staged Death of Socrates. When I was ten, I secretly wrote a book called, "A Decade of Me," in which I inserted myself into paintings and this was my final picture
me on my bed in a toga. If it were today I would probably be sent to therapy immediately. It seemed the right ending at the time.
Egyptian death doesn't seem to be about endings at all, I mean their afterlife is so well-provided for, beautifully provided for
that it seems quite attractive to reach your end, as the beginning of something probably much more palatable than life itself. I could buy into that.
There's a great tradition of ending all sorts of activities with a cigarette. This man clearly has achieved something. His self-possession and his posture just signal victory.
Sinister endings. This necklace is called The Jealous Husband. It's an apt title. These sharp pieces would frame the woman's face so no one else could get near her.
Thinking about when the artists themselves think they're finished.
Morris Louis's painting ends when gravity takes the paint to its limit off the canvas.
I like to think that Sargent waited until the end to paint Madame X's diamond ring. Somehow he had to make sure it showed up on her very pale skin.
That gleaming dash of white paint he scraped across right out of the tube. I like to think that was the final flourish, and then he was done. There's a moment
at the end of any successful artistic endeavor in which the audience is
so absorbed that when it's over, they need to disconnect, recalibrate. That
precious time, it's brief but it's very powerful. That's what you want again, that's why you open the next book, that's why you go to the museum, why you go see the next movie.
It's very addictive.
Works of art in order of appearance
Last Updated: June 22, 2015. Not all works of art in the Museum's collection may be on view on a particular day. For the most accurate location information, please check this page on the day of your visit.
Avalon Theatre, Catalina Island
Hiroshi Sugimoto (Japanese)
Gelatin silver print
Purchase, The Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation Gift, through Joyce and Robert Menschel, 1996 (1996.105.1) © Hiroshi Sugimoto
Not on view
|PhotographsSecond Floor
Madame Thadée Natanson (Misia Godebska, 1872–1950) at the Theater
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (French)
Oil on cardboard
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Richard Rodgers, 1964 (64.153)
Not on view
|Drawings and PrintsSecond Floor
Reading in the Subway
John Sloane (American)
Gift of Mrs. Harry Payne Whitney, 1926 (26.30.159)
Not on view
|Drawings and PrintsSecond Floor
Songs of Innocence and of Experience: The Tyger (Plate 42)
1794 / ca. 1825
William Blake (British)
Copy Y, ca. 1825
Relief etchings printed in orange-brown ink, heightened with watercolor and shell gold, with hand-painted decorative borders
Rogers Fund, 1917 (17.10.42)
Not on view
|Drawings and PrintsSecond Floor
Untitled (Cowboy)
Richard Prince (American)
Chromogenic print
Purchase, The Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation Gift through Joyce and Robert Menschel and Jennifer and Joseph Duke Gift, 2000 (2000.272)
© Richard Prince
Not on view
|PhotographsSecond Floor
Two Men Contemplating the Moon
ca. 1825–30
Caspar David Friedrich (German)
Oil on canvas
Wrightsman Fund, 2000 (2000.51)
Not on view
|European PaintingsSecond Floor
Arm Reliquary
15th century
Silver, silver-gilt, glass and rock crystal cabachons over wood core
Gift of J. Pierpont Morgan, 1917 (17.190.353)
Not on view
|Medieval Art and The CloistersFirst Floor
The Crucifixion; The Last Judgment
ca. 1430
Jan van Eyck and Workshop Assistant (Netherlandish)
Oil on canvas, transferred from wood
Fletcher Fund, 1933 (33.92ab)
Not on view
|European PaintingsSecond Floor
The Angel of Death and the Sculptor from the Milmore Memorial
1889–93; this carving, 1921–26
Daniel Chester French (American)
Gift of a group of Museum trustees, 1926 (26.120)
Not on view
|American Paintings and SculptureFirst and Second Floors
Two-Minute Silence, Armistice Day, London
Unknown Artist (British)
Gelatin silver print
Ford Motor Company Collection, Gift of Ford Motor Company and John C. Waddell, 1987 (1987.1100.124)
Not on view
|PhotographsSecond Floor
Dead Confederate Soldier on the Battlefield at Antietam
September 1862
Alexander Gardner (American)
Albumen silver print from glass negative
Purchase, Florance Waterbury Bequest, 1970 (1970.537.4)
Not on view
|PhotographsSecond Floor
The Death of Socrates
Jacques-Louis David (French)
Oil on canvas
Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection, Wolfe Fund, 1931 (31.45)
Not on view
|European PaintingsSecond Floor
Mummy with an inserted panel portrait of a youth
80–100 a.d.; Roman Period
Egypt, Fayum, Hawara (Hawwara, Hawwaret el-Maqta; Adlan), Petrie
Encaustic on limewood, linen, human remains
Rogers Fund, 1911 (11.139)
Not on view
|Egyptian ArtFirst Floor
Clemens Röseler
ca. 1928
T. Lux Feininger (American, born Germany)
Gelatin silver print
Ford Motor Company Collection, Gift of Ford Motor Company and John C. Waddell, 1987 (1987.1100.476)
© 2011 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
Not on view
|PhotographsSecond Floor
Necklace (The Jealous Husband)
ca. 1940
Alexander Calder (American)
The Muriel Kallis Steinberg Newman Collection, Gift of Muriel Kallis Newman, 2006 (2006.32.6)
Not on view
|Modern and Contemporary ArtSecond Floor
ca. 1630
Anthony van Dyck (Flemish)
Etching; 9 1/2 x 6 1/8 in. (24.1 x 15.6 cm)
Inscribed, in brown ink, lower right: A VAN DYCK
Bequest of Mary Stillman Harkness, 1950 (50.583.4)
Not on view
|Drawings and PrintsSecond Floor
Morris Louis (American)
Magna on canvas
The Muriel Kallis Steinberg Newman Collection, Gift of Muriel Kallis Newman, 2006 (2006.32.39)
© 1960 Morris Louis
Not on view
|Modern and Contemporary ArtSecond Floor
Madame X (Madame Pierre Gautreau)
John Singer Sargent (American)
Oil on canvas
Arthur Hoppock Hearn Fund, 1916 (16.53)
Not on view
|American Paintings and SculptureFirst and Second Floors
Circus Sideshow
Georges Seurat (French)
Oil on canvas
Bequest of Stephen C. Clark, 1960 (61.101.17)
Not on view
|European PaintingsSecond Floor
[Spotlight Shining from Theater Balcony]
ca. 1946, printed ca. 1983
Weegee (American, born Hungary)
Gelatin silver print
Gift of Aaron and Jessica Rose, 1983 (1983.1130.31)
© Weegee / International Center of Photography
Not on view
|PhotographsSecond Floor
© 2011 The Metropolitan Museum of Art


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The 21st Century has been conquered by startups. Look at any region of the world, and you find brave souls trying to accomplish the unthinkable. Every day there are dozens of announcements – funding, acquisitions, new idea, and what not. A heartening phenomenon, but I can't help grieve over the limited participation of women.
There are people rooting for women, and I welcome their efforts, but I find myself disagreeing on the why. My support for more women in startups does not stem from a moral or social underpinning; rather, it's closely tied to the philosophy of organizational culture I hold dear – the Garden vs. the Forest.
So before diving into what the startup ecosystem will gain from having more women, let's take a small detour and see what this Garden vs. Forest proposal is all about.
Garden vs. Forest: A matter of culture
The Garden vs. Forest philosophy says that if you're building a company that will go the distance, culture can't be an afterthought. Most businesses do otherwise, getting a steady stream of revenue of first, and only then worrying about what the place should "feel like". This is akin to building a house and then realizing, "Oh, I need a garden now!". So begin the efforts to cultivate one. But we know how it is with gardens – they are ornamental but fragile, prone to falling apart at the slightest neglect. This is not how you want your organization.
Forests, however, are not carefully cultivated. They are a melting pot of variety, with various life forms contributing in their own way to give rise to an entity that possesses resilience as well as "intelligence". A forest is self-sustaining, and is able to recover from and adapt to foreign disturbances well.
What does all this mean? It means that an organization following the Forest philosophy doesn't lay down strict policies for culture, but lets the people mix define the culture at any point of time. Of course this means the culture will be forever changing, but you gain flexibility and evolution in exchange.
Women and startups
And now, back to the important issue of women in startups. More women are not just desirable in the Forest philosophy, they are much needed. That's because startup forests will wither away without the diversity of talent women bring to the table. For an ecosystem that lives off innovation, the fundamentally different perspectives contributed by women catalyze difference of opinions, explorations, and hence, breakthroughs. Women not just look at relationships and hierarchies differently, they also approach problem-solving in a radically different manner – an indispensable ingredient for innovation.
And don't just stop at women, I would say. Diversity should come in the form of ethnicity, age, and professional background as well, because only then can we come closer to the ideal of a forest. Such a workforce mix will also be a better representative of our global society at large, which on some level I feel startups need to reflect better.


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Bare Escentuals The Cliff Hanger Ready Eyeshadow Duo by Temptalia
The brand new Bare Minerals Ready Eyeshadows have gotten a wonderful write-up over at Temptalia, and one of our favourites, The Cliff Hanger, gained a high score of A-. The gorgeous combination of matte grey-beige and dark purple with hints of teal and silver shimmer is great for both casual everyday looks, and super smoky evening looks. "I'm a huge, huge fan of the Ready Eyeshadows. The formula is soft, dense, and feels almost creamy, and it applies smooth as silk against the skin…" – Christina (Temptalia).
Guerlain Fall 2012 Makeup Collection: First Look at Smartologie
Smartologie is amazing for compiling up-to-the-minute information about fashion, beauty and lifestyle, and this first look at the upcoming Guerlain makeup collection for autumn is no different. We're especially excited about the arrival of the Rouge G L'Extrait de Guerlain, a liquid lipstick that is presented in the same enviable packaging as the Rouge G Lipstick, and the Guerlain Rose aux Joues blush duos.
DIY Beauty at I Am Into This
If you need a quick-fix beauty treat but don't have the pennies for new products, Sam from I Am Into This offers some handy tips for creating your own. From honey face masks to brown sugar body scrubs, there's a whole roster of recipes with which to create a beauty apothecary in your own home. I'll be trying out the protein-packed avocado hair mask to repair by dried out, post-holiday hair.


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Preserving the Melodies: Uncovering the Legacy of Madison's Old Church Choir
Madison, a city steeped in history and culture, holds within its heart a hidden gem – the legacy of Old Church Choir Madison. In this article, we'll embark on a journey to uncover the rich history, the melodious echoes, and the significance of this venerable choir that has graced the community for generations. Join us as we delve into the harmonious past and explore how this choir continues to resonate with the present.
The Origins of Madison's Old Church Choir
Our journey begins in the late 19th century when Madison was a burgeoning city on the banks of the Mississippi River. The Old Church Choir was founded in 1885, initially as a small ensemble of dedicated singers who performed hymns and sacred songs for the local church congregation. Over time, their repertoire expanded, and their harmonious voices captured the hearts of all who heard them.
A Musical Tapestry of Tradition
Evolution of Repertoire
As the choir evolved, so did its repertoire. From the solemn hymns that filled the early church to more contemporary gospel tunes, the Old Church Choir adapted to the changing musical landscape while maintaining its deep-rooted connection to tradition.
Community Engagement
One of the choir's defining features was its active participation in community events. They lent their voices to countless weddings, funerals, and special occasions, becoming an integral part of Madison's cultural tapestry.
The Challenges Faced
Changing Times
In the 20th century, as Madison underwent urban development and cultural shifts, the Old Church Choir faced challenges in maintaining its relevance. Younger generations began to explore different musical genres, and the choir struggled to attract new members.
Preservation Efforts
Recognizing the importance of preserving this cultural treasure, a group of dedicated individuals initiated efforts to revitalize the choir. They organized fundraisers, collaborated with local schools, and reached out to the community to ensure the choir's legacy lived on.
Resonating in the Present
Despite the challenges, Madison's Old Church Choir persevered. Today, it stands as a symbol of resilience and dedication. Madison Choral Project continues to perform at various community events, drawing in both young and old with its timeless melodies.
The legacy of Old Church Choir Madison is a testament to the power of music in connecting generations and preserving tradition. As we reflect on their journey, we are reminded that even in the face of change, the melodies of the past can still resonate with the present. Madison's Old Church Choir is not just a group of singers; it's a living, breathing testament to the enduring power of music.
1. How can I support Madison's Old Church Choir today?
You can support the choir by attending their performances, donating to their cause, or volunteering your time to help with their events.
2. Are there any recordings of the choir's performances from the past?
Yes, there are archived recordings of some of the choir's most memorable performances, which you can access through the local historical society.
3. Has the choir ever gone on tour beyond Madison?
Yes, in its heyday, the choir embarked on several regional tours, sharing their music with audiences in neighboring towns and cities.
4. Are there any plans for a documentary or book about the choir's history?
There have been discussions about creating a documentary or book to preserve the choir's history, but no official project has been announced yet.
5. Can I join Madison's Old Church Choir as a singer?
Yes, the choir always welcomes new members who are passionate about preserving this musical tradition. Contact their director for more information on auditions and rehearsals.
Introduction Madison, a city steeped in history and culture, holds within its heart a hidden gem – the legacy of Old Church Choir Madison. In this article, we'll embark on a journey to uncover the rich history, the melodious echoes, and the significance of this venerable choir that has graced the community for generations. Join…
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|Earth's Sun
many do not care for their parents, some on earth
purposely do not see their father, grand father,
father in law who has left life but is about to
leave this earth.
Science increases age. They are so short thinkers & egoistic that they forget that a day will come when they are grand parents or parents.
As of now there are humans on this planet and if we see them on another planet one day, we dont want them to have such human attitude.


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The Th!nkGreen selected anchovies are caught in the North Aegean Seanear the area of Mount Athos and their processing takes place while they are fresh.
The anchovy of this region is known for its excellent taste, due to the percentage of salt in the water and the rich depths of this sea area, where the fish is fed. Sardines are high in omega-3 fatty acids, which reduce bad cholesterol in the blood. Therefore is considered to be one of the healthiest fish. Their combination with our wonderful organic olive oil gives our anchovy a unique taste with the scent of the sea, no matter what time of the year you taste it.
Why are these anchovies so famous?
They are:
Fished in the North Aegean Sea
Cooked and prepared while fresh
Baptized in the unique Greek organic olive oil that gives them their perfect taste. Combine with raki or ouzo!
THINKGREEN company is a newly set up firm but with long experience in the organic products field since 1988.
Thinkgreen is activated in the space of the organic products and good qualitative food in Greece as well as abroad, based mainly on the Greek traditional diet which in extension is the Mediterranean diet with chosen materials from organic certified cultivations.
Our philosophy:
To satisfy desires of gourmet taste and high quality product at an affordable price which is achieved by
• Traditional, pure ingredients for our products, and where possible from certified organic plantations
• The old and new secrets of Greek and Mediterranean cuisine
• The utilization of appropriate technology for the processing and final production
• Development of new products based on the nutritional needs and desires of customer group (niche markets).


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Download Mp3 Toluwanimee – Worship You Ft. Onos Ariyo . When you have two beautiful, gifted and sonorous singers on a worship song, the result is bound to be evergreen! Gospel music minister with a difference Toluwanimee brings on the anointed Onos Ariyo on the spirit-stirring eulogy aptly titled "Worship You."
The live video, covered at "An Evening of Worship with Toluwanimee" gives expression to the song that envelopes a message to the nations, commending the mighty praise and worship of God to the next generation. Thus, Toluwanimee and Onos declares: "I'll worship You forever, till my world proclaims they will too."
What other song will you rather see Toluwanimee, who is outspoken about her lifestyle of worship and Onos Ariyo, known as the "oyel" minister sing than a song titled "Worship You"?
"Go Deeper" album by Toluwanimee was launched on the 22nd of April with a concert at the Citadel and Towers, Abuja. "Worship You" featuring Onos Ariyo is the 7th track off the album and it was ministered live at the concert. Watch the live video and be inspired by the artistes resolution to worship; also for posterity.
Listen & Download Toluwanimee – Worship You Ft. Onos Ariyo MP3 below:-
Watch Video Below;
Audio Produced by {Emmanuel Uzozie} Juzzy Pro
Video Recorded at: Go Deeper Concert by Blink Pictures
Arranged by: Manus Akpanke
Abraham Agbo
Chika Mba
Uduak EJ
Daniel Udoh Iboro
Emmanuel Emuoboghare
Mixed and Mastered: Mr Manus Akpanke (Koined Records)
Video by: Pastor Sam Ibozi
Emezube Obinna
Roland Ricketts
Eilen Gift
Chenemi Abalaka
Abiola Mba
Stephanie Kome
Princess Uche
Chinma Umeh
Toju Egharegbemi


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|25 ft 8 in
|Ext Width
|7 ft 10 in
|Ext Height
|11 ft
|Int Height
|6 ft 10 in
|Interior Color
|Exterior Color
|Hitch Weight
|8000 lbs
|12500 lbs
|Fresh Water Capacity
|42 gals
|Grey Water Capacity
|40 gals
|Black Water Capacity
|30 gals
|Tire Size
|Furnace BTU
|35000 btu
|Fuel Type
|Ford E-Series
|350 hp
|Fuel Capacity
|55 gals
|Number Of Bunks
|Available Beds
|Two Twin with King Conversion
|468 ft-lb
|Refrigerator Type
|12V Double Door
|Convection Cooking
|Cooktop Burners
|Shower Size
|27" x 27"
|Number of Awnings
|LP Tank Capacity
|40 lbs
|Water Heater Type
|15000 btu
|Basement Storage
|63.5 cu. ft.
|TV Info
|Awning Info
|17' Lateral Arm Power w/Integrated LED Lighting
|Gross Combined Weight
|18500 lbs
|Shower Type
|Electrical Service
|30 amp
Thor Motor Coach Axis RUV Class A gas motorhome 24.1 highlights:
- Twin Beds with King Conversion
- Flip-Up Galley Countertop
- Drop-Down Overhead Bunk
- Convection Microwave
Plan to see it all in this RUV Class A gas coach that can sleep five to six people each night. The sofa slide out includes a removable pedestal table to enjoy your meals at, and there is a 32" TV across from the sofa to watch your favorite shows. You will also find a 32" TV in the rear bedroom, along with twin beds that convert to a king-size bed if you like. The spacious full bath includes a stainless steel sink, a shower skylight, and convenient robe hooks. Breakfast, lunch, and dinner can be made on the two burner gas cooktop or in the convection microwave, and the double door refrigerator can store your perishables for the whole week.
With any Axis RUV Class A gas motorhome by Thor Motor Coach you will enjoy added technology features to make each trip enjoyable, like the RapidCamp+ multiplex lighting and systems control and the Winegard ConnecT 2.0 Wi-Fi/4G/TV antenna. Each model features heated and remote exterior mirrors with integrated side view cameras, reclining and swivel leatherette captain's chairs, and a dash workstation with 110-volt and 12-volt outlets to get some work done if needed. Relaxing after a long day of traveling will be easy with the leatherette furniture, the Euro-style cabinet doors, and 82" interior ceiling height. The HD-MAX exterior with graphics package and black frameless windows provide a sleek look you are sure to love, and don't overlook the lateral arm power awning with integrated LED lighting and lighted rotocast storage compartments for all your gear.
Standard Features (2024)
Construction and Exterior
- Ford E-Series Chassis
- 8,000-lb. Trailer Hitch with 7-pin Round Connector
- Electric Stabilizing System (Optional)
- Welded Tubular Steel Floor
- Welded Tubular Aluminum Roof and Sidewall Cage Construction
- Vacu-Bond Laminated Roof, Walls and Floors with Block Foam Insulation
- One-Piece Fiberglass Front Cap
- Premium One-piece Crossflex Roof
- HD-MAX® Exterior with Graphics Package
- Lighted Rotocast Storage Compartments
- Flush Mount Radius Compartment Doors
- Lateral Arm Power Patio Awning with Integrated LED Lighting
- Slide-out Room Topper Awning(s)
- Roof Ladder
- Exterior Grab Handle
- Entry Door with Deadbolt Lock
- Lift Up Bed Rear MEGA-Storage Area includes Floor Tie-Downs and Over-Size Rear Access Door (Model Specific)
- Black Frameless Windows
Automotive and Cockpit
- 10 in. Touchscreen Dash Radio with Bluetooth®, Android Auto®, Apple CarPlay™ and Sirius/XM® Radio
- Steering Wheel Audio and Camera Control
- Cruise Control
- Tilt Steering Wheel
- Heated/Remote Exterior Mirrors with Integrated Side View Cameras
- Living area Speaker tied to Dash Stereo
- Reclining/Swivel Leatherette Captain's Chairs
- Power Drivers Chair (Optional)
- Stow-Away Coffee Table
- Three-Point Seat Belts for Driver & Passenger
- Map Light
- Power Privacy Shade on Windshield
- Drink Holders
- Dash Workstation with 110-volt and 12-volt Outlets
- Fog Lights
- 16 in. Tires with Stainless Steel Wheel Liners
- Valve Stem Extenders on Rear Wheels
- Emergency Engine Start Switch
- Power Drop Down Hide-Away Overhead Bunk with Cotton Cloud™ Mattress and Bunk Ladder
- Residential Vinyl Flooring
- 82 in. Interior Ceiling Height
- Rubber Tread Entry Steps with Lighted Step Well
- Metal Entry Grab Handle
- Smoke, LPG and Carbon Monoxide Detectors
- Fire Extinguisher
- Ceiling Ducted Air Conditioning System
- Vinyl Ceiling
- Coastline Grey (London Fog) Cabinets w/Black Hardware and Faucets
- High-Gloss Euro-Style Cabinet Doors with Soft Close Hidden Hinges and Nickel Finish Hardware
- Home Collection™ Interior Decor and Cabinet Package (Optional)
- Silver Oak Wood
- Leatherette Tri-Fold Sofa and Removable Pedestal Table with Cupholders (Model Specific)
- Leatherette Manual Murphy Bed Sofa and Removable Pedestal Table with Cupholders (Model Specific)
- Leatherette Jackknife Sofa and Removable Pedestal Table with Cup Holders (Model Specific)
- Wireless Phone Charger with USB plug
- Pop-up Countertop outlet with electronics charging station
- Leatherette Dinette Booth w/Cup Holders
- Passenger Seat Belts in select areas
- LED Lighting
- Window Privacy Roller Shades
- Full Extension Ball-Bearing Metal Drawer Guides
- 12V Double Door Refrigerator
- Two Burner Gas Cooktop, Glass Cover, with Electric Start
- Protective Cover and Task Lighting Above Cooktop
- Convection Microwave Oven with Air Fryer
- Pressed Laminate Countertop with Sink Cover
- Flip-Up Countertop Extension (Model Specific)
- Large Under mount Stainless Steel Single Bowl Sink with Cover and Single Handle Kitchen Faucet with Pull-Down Sprayer
- Waste Basket
- 12-volt Power Bath Vent
- Kitchen Countertop Accent LED Lighting
Bedroom and Bathroom
- Two (2) Twin Sofa Beds with Upholstered Covers and King Conversion (Model Specific)
- Full Size Bed w/Lift Up Storage Area Under Bed, Rear Door Access, and Floor Tie-Downs (Model Specific)
- Bedspread & Pillow Shams (Model Specific)
- Headboard (Model Specific)
- Bedroom USB Power Charging Center for Electronics
- Bedroom 12V Outlet for CPAP Machine
- Large Dual Wardrobes (Model Specific)
- Foot Flush Porcelain Toilet
- 12-volt Power Bath Vent with Wall Switch in Bathroom (Model Specific)
- 12-volt Attic fan with cover in bedroom (Model Specific)
- 12-volt Attic fan with cover above bed (Model Specific)
- Robe Hooks inside Bath
- Skylight in Shower
- Shower with Deluxe Curtain and Curved Rod
- Stainless Steel Bathroom Sink
- 32 in. TV in Living Area
- 32 in. TV in Bedroom (Model Specific)
- Digital TV Antenna and Booster
- Cable TV Ready
- Satellite Mounting Backer in Roof
Electrical and Plumbing
- RapidCamp+™ Multiplex Lighting and Systems Control
- Winegard® ConnecT 2.0 WiFi/4G/TV Antenna
- 30-amp Detachable Shoreline Power Cord
- 4.0 kW Gas Generator
- Automatic Transfer Switch w/Power Protection
- Automatic Generator Start (AGS)
- 15,000 BTU Roof Air Conditioner
- Battery Disconnect Switch
- Second Auxiliary House Battery
- 100-watt Solar Panel with Controller (Optional)
- Tankless Water Heater
- Outside Shower
- 360 Siphon RV Holding Tank Vent Cap
- 1 in. Fresh Water Tank Drain
- Exterior LP Connection
- Holding Tanks with Heat Pads (Optional)
- Black Tank Flush
- Showermiser Hot Water Recycling System
Please see us for a complete list of features and available options!
All standard features and specifications are subject to change.
All warranty info is typically reserved for new units and is subject to specific terms and conditions. See us for more details.
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Chronic Cough and Mold
Dear George,
I have a chronic cough, that only occurs at home, nowhere else, can it be mold? How can I test the house? Thank you.
Dear thanks,
To test for mold, you can always hire a company like Byebyemold to come in and perform tests.
Before we actually perform the tests, we talk with you and find out exactly how extensive you want testing to be. We can test for mold; and we can also test for VOC; we can send you lab reports or we can test realtime. Your investigation is unique, and you get to configure what testing you want our crew to perform.
For health purposes, after you have the test results, you can always take the results to your allergist or doctor for follow-up for scratch tests or for comparison with your doctor's results.


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Australian Fish Photos, Seafood Photographs and Information
Sea-Ex is celebrating
27 YEARS of assisting Seafood, Marine & Related Companies with online marketing!
Your Company on Sea-Ex - Click Here
Directory & Info for Fishing,
Angling, Fishing Tackle, Fishing Guides, Fly Fishing, Bass Fishing,
Sports fishing, Game Fishing....
See >>
Info on All types of
Fishing | Angling | Tackle etc
Photos of Australian Seafood, Fish, Crustaceans &
Cephalopods and Information on each....
Beche De Mer
(Sea Cucumber - Trepang)
Trade Directory
Directory of Seafood
Companies by Species
Imported, Exported, Wholesale, Processors &
Click Here for
Bream also known as silver
bream (NSW, Qld, Vic.); sea bream (NSW, Qld); black bream, surf
bream (NSW)
Bream are mostly
found in estuaries, but are also found on inshore reefs
and coastal waters adjacent to beaches and rocky headlands. They
live in rivers upstream to the limit of brackish water, but
rarely enter freshwater. Frequently swim in schools.
Bream have a varied diet which includes small crabs, prawns, molluscs such as oysters
and pipis and small fish and sometimes green weed.
Bream species found in
Yellowfin Bream (Acanthopagrus australis) is endemic
to Australia and is found along the eastern coast from far north Queensland to
Victoria, though it's mainly caught south of Hervey Bay.
Tarwhine (Rhabdosargus sarba) is found from far north Queensland to
Victoria as well as along the southwestern coast from Albany to Exmouth. It's
often caught with yellowfin bream, from which it can be distinguished by the
yellow lines along its rows of scales.
Frypan Bream (Argyrops spinifer) is mainly caught off the north-western
coast of Australia, although it is found north from the NSW-Queensland border to
the central coast of Western Australia and is caught in sections of the Great
Barrier Reef. Black Bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) is endemic to
Australia and is usually found in brackish or freshwater in southern Australia,
though it does appear in salt water in Western Australia. It's mainly caught in
Victoria, especially Gippsland Lakes where the fishery goes back to the late
1800s, and is also common off southern Western Australia. Pikey Bream (Acanthopagrus
berda) is found from the mid-coast of Queensland north to the Northern
Territory and is a small part of coastal net-fisheries in those areas.
Snapper (Pagrus auratus),
which, despite its name, is actually a bream, is caught from Townsville, south
to the central Western Australian coast (including in Bass Strait and around
Tasmania). It has pinkish skin with pale blue spots and a distinctive forehead
hump. Although it isn't related to the 'true' tropical snappers or sea perches (Lutjanidae
family) such as goldband snapper, the 'snapper' name has been retained as
it is one of Australia's most widely known fish and has gone by this name for
over 100 years.
Photo from John Bell - Thanks JB!
Techniques: The most productive techniques for taking bream in
estuaries, bays and harbours are based around the use of light,
sensitive tackle and live or fresh baits of marine worms,
shellfish, yabbies (nippers), crabs, prawns or small bait fish
species. Bream also succumb to an array of less conventional
offerings such as bullock's heart, tripe, steak, chicken
intestines and various 'pudding' mixtures of flour, water,
cheese, tinned sardines and the like. Estuary and river-dwelling
bream of all three species are also taken with reasonable
consistency on small lures and flies, often by anglers targeting
other species such as flathead or tailor. In New South Wales and
southern Queensland, surf, rock and inshore boat anglers target
eastern black bream using the same range of baits as estuary
anglers, as well as whole and cut pilchards, fish fillets,
strips and cubes. All three species also respond well to the use
of berley.
Bream are one of the most popular species for recreational fisherman. Recreational
captures of bream in southern Queensland exceeds the commercial catch. Bream are mainly
caught using rod & reel and handline techniques.
Bait for bream can include live
yabbies, beachworms, crabs and fresh bait of prawns, pipis, fish flesh or whole small
Saltwater Fish -
What bait to use for fishing - a list of
saltwater baits with the main "diners" who will be tempted.
Bream and
Tarwhine travel in schools, so if you
come across fish that are not biting or you can see they are only small, move on
to another location to find a school that is bigger in size, bream can be found
in reef areas, oyster leases in rivers, around piers and their pylons and in
weeds beds. For the best baits prawns, sandworms, crabs and marine worms are all
very good, use a Long Shank from size 4 to 2 with bait holders 1-4, before
setting the hook allow the fish to take the bait, best time to fish is dawn to
dusk going into high tide, these guys will response to small minnow lures and
some soft plastics
Minimum legal size limits apply in all States.
See Also:
Bream (Sparidae) Photographs and Information
Catching Bream | Fishing for Bream | Bait
for Bream
Cooking Bream | Recipes for Sea Bream or
Commercial Fishery for Bream (Sparidae) |
Buyers, Sellers Bream
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Sea-Ex Seafood Fishing Home Page
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June 2, 2018
It seemed as if nicer weather would never arrive. Now that it is here, you'll want your paver driveway, patio, or walkway to look as good as the flowers that are beginning to bloom. A paver installation is a big investment, but they fall victim to nature's elements, including freezing temperatures, humidity, and months of rain. And you never know what has been hiding under that snow. We've compiled a list along with some tips to get your pavers looking their best.
Inspect for Creep
You've probably not taken a good hard look at your patio, walkway or driveway all winter. Now is the time. Look for areas where the joints between the stones are getting bigger. This is referred to as 'creep.' is typically caused by a failure of the edge restraint, stresses of the winter months and pedestrian/vehicular traffic that forces the paver stones to push out. Creep affects the structural integrity of your paver project leading to loss of interlock and joint sand washout. It is important to note that these creeps and gaps will get larger inevitably leading to other issues with your project if they are not resolved as time goes on.
If your pavers are showing signs of creep, you need to figure out the cause. If there is no edge restraint installed, you should consider installing some. Projects of all sizes need to be restrained. Unrestrained pavers tend to slowly creep into the softer surrounding materials. That is when you will start to see large gaps between the pavers begin to appear.
Another issue could be the edge restraints themselves. Additional edge spikes may be needed to help hold back the pressure exerted by the pavers. You want to remember to lift any areas along the edge that need repair. Be sure to clean any old sand from the sides to ensure a good fit when you put them back in place. You may also need to replace some pavers, or add a few additional stones.
Cleaning Before Repairs
Unless you enjoy spending thousands on restorations every few years, take the time to clean your pavers before repairs will save you some frustration. By simply adding your pavers to your weekly chores you can prevent your pavers from becoming tarnished and keep them looking more attractive than ever.
Sweep your pavers with a broom on a regular basis. You want to remove all of the dirt and debris, especially if it looks like rain. That can help prevent staining and save you some work in the long run.
You will also want to rinse off your pavers with water at least once a week. All you need is your garden hose and a spray attachment. This will help clear away any debris left after sweeping. You will also avoid potential damage by making sure all of your pavers are dirt free.
Look for Dips & Bulges
Deformations are usually caused by a base or sub-base settlement. New homes that have had a lot of property grading are usually susceptible to this. These settlements will typically show themselves within the first few years after your project's completion. A level or other straight edge placed on the surface of your paver patio, walkway, or driveway will show the area in need of repair. Common (and easily corrected) causes of dips and bulges include:
• Ground Shift
• Shifting of Base Sand
• Root
• Eroded Gravel Base
• Eroded Joint Sand
If you find this is happening to your paver project, mark the affected area with chalk. This will make it easier locate the problem area after your start the repairs. Unlike concrete and asphalt surfaces, paver patios can be easily repaired with a few tools, some additional materials and a little bit of labor.
Inspect for Staining
You may be surprised to see how much a good cleaning will help after a long winter. If there are no serious stains, a good pressure washing will typically restore the beauty of your pavers. If you do not have access to a pressure washer, simply use a bit of dish detergent with water and brush the area with a stiff bristle broom. It is important to read the instructions for any cleaning product that you use before using. Severely stained pavers can easily be removed and replaced.
Consider Sealing
If you want your pavers looking and functioning their best for many years to come, you might want to consider sealing them. Benefits of sealing your paver patio, walkway or driveway include:
• Protection from Fading
• Color Enhancement
• Stabilizing Joint Sand
• Protection Against Stains
Pavers can be resealed periodically to maintain the high quality of the materials for the long term. Generally, sealers should be reapplied every 3-5 years.
Apply Joint Sand or Poly Joint Sand
Many of the problems with patios come from the use and proper installation of the joint sand.
Sand is typically used to fill the joints between patio pavers. Unfortunately, sand has a tendency to wash out. That means it needs to be replaced regularly. A better yet slightly more expensive option is to use polymeric joint sand. This is a special sand that has a polymer dust added to it. This dust binds the sand in the joints between pavers to create an interlock. Using polymeric joint sand greatly improves the durability and stability of a patio made of pavers. It is designed to resist weed growth and to harden and stay in place for a long time. It also makes the joints resistant to water washouts and ants.
Concrete pavers are durable and low maintenance and come in a nearly unlimited variety of sizes and colors. Pavers can last a lifetime if taken care of properly, but if neglected, stains or fading can reduce the visual beauty of your investment over time.
If you need help with your paver project, contact Twin Oaks Landscape. We'd be happy to talk about any paver-related questions you may have. Call us today at 734-213-6911.
"We recommend Twin Oaks to any entity looking for a full-service, talented, and responsive provider."


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Longevity Insurance…Smart use of home equity to "insure" retirement success
Fallout from the Great Recession (2007 – 2009) continues today as seniors are at increasing risk of outliving their financial resources. This recession devastated the savings of many seniors with market losses averaging 40% along with widespread declines in home values. As a result, reduced nest eggs are less able, or unable, to sustain financial support for life expectancies. This double whammy, along with the elimination of traditional pensions, compounds the longevity risk dilemma of running out of money.
In today's environment, where increasing numbers are at heightened risk of outliving retirement savings, using home equity as a means of protecting against longevity risk cannot be overlooked. This is especially important today as home values have generally recovered since the Great Recession. In many areas property values have achieved new record highs. Essentially, there are two ways to capture increased value: (1) sell the home and downsize or rent, and (2) refinance with a traditional mortgage, Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOC), or a HUD/FHA insured Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) reverse mortgage. The great majority want to age in place at home.
To this end, the HECM reverse mortgage may provide the ideal solution. The HECM was developed by HUD/FHA and approved by Congress to enable senior homeowners, who want to remain in their homes, the ability to utilize home equity to increase financial security without selling or giving up title ownership.
In contrast to traditional mortgages or HELOCs, the HECM program was specifically designed for senior homeowners (62 or older) only, and contains unique features including: (1) optional payments – payments may be made, but are not required; (2) funds withdrawn do not affect Social Security or Medicare benefits, and are not subject to federal or state income tax; (3) no maturity date – loan repayment is not required until last borrower no longer resides in the property; and (4) a guaranteed line of credit that grows even if future property values decline.
Obviously, there is no insurance product available that could "insure" retirement success, but academics and retirement researchers are advocating new financial planning strategies uniting home equity with savings to extend financial security and reduce, or potentially eliminate, longevity risk. Among others, distinguished retirement expert, Wade Pfau, Ph.D., (Professor of Retirement Planning at American College and Retirement Research Director at McLean Asset Management) advocates – using home equity via the HECM reverse mortgage is one of the smartest risk management tools available for retirement planning.
One key element to this smart strategy is the HECM's guaranteed and growing line of credit. Now dubbed a standby line of credit, this unique provision provides: (1) cash flow in down market periods to protect against cannibalizing assets under management; (2) additional liquidity for unanticipated needs or emergencies; (3) hedge against rising interest rates as the credit line growth rate increases/decreases simultaneously with interest rate changes; (4) unused credit line amount can grow to exceed the property value without personal liability to the borrowers or their heirs; and (5) cannot be cancelled or frozen by the lender as long as the loan remains in good standing. Good standing means borrowers are required to keep real estate taxes and property insurance obligations current; maintain the property; and, live in the property as their principal residence.
Clearly, running out of money, or being forced to reduce one's standard of living, is a real and growing threat to aging seniors. The solution requires effective planning and action, which include: (1) early action and understanding the risk is real and manageable; (2) thorough assessment of individual needs and circumstances; and (3) developing and implementing a comprehensive plan tailored to individual needs that utilize all resources (including home equity) to achieve maximum results.


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Integrated with top acquiring banks and payment institutions worldwide, Zotapay's payment gateway technology serves as an all-in-one channel for merchants to accept online payments on a global scale. Zotapay removes the hassle of multiple integrations and replaces it with one flawless experience for merchants and customers. Zotapay's gateway and technology is equipped with built-in risk and fraud management algorithms and highly secure server environments.Read More
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Six years ago, Emily Morris contracted what should have been a simple-to-treat infection but the bacteria were resistant to antibiotics. Still suffering from recurring infections, she says more needs to be done to inform the public of the dangers
What infection do you suffer from and how was it diagnosed?The original infection was ESBL E. coli (see box for more information, over), which was diagnosed with a urine culture six years ago. However, I don't have to have ESBL to be resistant; antibiotics can sometimes not work on a normal E. coli UTI or Enterococcus infection.
How did you discover that you were resistant to antibiotics?My GP told me that some antibiotics are not effective for the superbug I had and that it's hard to treat.
Had you heard of antimicrobial resistance before your diagnosis?No, never.
What antibiotics are you resistant to, and do you know how many more options are left to try?My antibiotics sensitivity chart changes with each infection. Years ago, trimethoprim and amoxicillin, which is usually used for UTI infections, would not work. but, over time, treating basic UTI infections, which I am prone to because of kidney reflux, will increasingly become problematic because my sensitivity to antibiotics is decreasing. I'm currently resistant to most oral types.
What is it like to live with a chronic antibiotic resistant infection?It's horrible to know that I can't rely on antibiotics when I get ill. It is terrifying. Especially as I am susceptible to getting it because of kidney reflux, which a lot of my family suffer from.
Has it had a significant impact on your lifestyle?Yes, I don't drink much alcohol and my fiancé has to put up with a lot from me when it comes to support when I have a UTI attack. It's also hard being a working mum when I have an infection. I can't give my son a bath as I'm in so much pain. Also, I am extremely passionate about my job and hate calling in sick.
What have you been told about your prognosis?I haven't been told much. I just know we need new a antibiotic line before it becomes resistant to all. That's why the work Antibiotic Research UK is doing is so important to me.
Are you happy with the care you have received?Yes, from my GP, she is amazing. She knows exactly how to treat my infections and is extremely supportive. But it can be hard when I go into hospital as I have to explain what the infection is to a lot of doctors and nurses. Which is worrying when I'm there to be treated with an IV antibiotic.
Have you tried any alternative approaches to preventing/treating infection?Yes, cranberry tablets, lots of water and probiotics, but when I get an attack I need antibiotics to get rid of the infection.
Do you know about any clinical trials of new antibiotics and would you consider taking part?No I don't but I would consider it. Antibiotic Research UK has just commissioned its first piece of research that will screen for antibiotic resistance breakers against antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. This is only the first step and I welcome this.
What is your greatest hope for the future?My greatest hope is that there are new antibiotics so that I do not get such strong bugs. This is not just for me, but also for the many patients who are or will experience this. Antibiotic-resistant infections are increasing, which means more and more deaths. I would really like to see a new antibiotic for my son's generation.
What is your greatest fear?That my sensitivity chart decreases to nothing, which means that none of the current antibiotics will be effective.
Do you feel the general public is fully aware of the issues of antimicrobial resistance and its potentially serious implications?Not at all. You see parents demanding antibiotics for a cold or viral infection for their babies and toddlers and not understanding the potential of building up resistance. Or you see people not finishing antibiotic courses just because they feel better. We must do more to inform the general public and healthcare professionals on the dangers of such resistance and this is another area that Antibiotic Research UK is doing such great work in.


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My favourite book award of the year! The Diagram Prize is awarded to the book with the most peculiar title by The Bookseller, a British trade publication. Normally the books are so obscure and esoteric that I just read about them and chuckle to myself. This year, however, is different. This year we have two out of the six books nominated!
Pie-Ography: if my life were a pie (M)
by Jo Packham
"What kind of pie conveys the experience of starting a new job, getting married, becoming a mom? Over 30 of the country's top foodies are here to tell you. Each one has devised a pie recipe that captures the essence of her life. Stir in beautiful photography, short essays, and brief bios, and voilá, you've got more than a cookbook: you've got Pieography. From Espresso Dream Pie to Salmon and Spinach Pie, this collection nourishes body and soul." publisher
The Origin of Feces: what excrement tells us about evolution, ecology, and a sustainable society (M) by David Waltner-Toews
And the others? Well, the provactively titled:
How to Poo on a Date by Mats and Enzo;
Working Class Cats: the Bodega Cats of New York City by Chris Balsiger (rumoured to be this year's favourite);
Are Trout South African (Stories of Fish People and Places) by Duncan Brown; and
How to Pray When You're Pissed at God: or anyone else for that matter by Ian Punnett.


text: Money / Barbie Frida Kahlo Barbie Draws Complaints From Relatives They say it's more Barbie than Kahlo By Rob Quinn, Newser Staff Posted Mar 9, 2018 3:26 AM CST Copied This product image released by Barbie shows dolls in the image of pilot Amelia Earhart, left, Mexican artist Frida Kahlo, and mathematician Katherine Johnson. (Barbie via AP) Relatives of the late Mexican artist aren't happy about a new Frida Kahlo doll from Mattel that they say looks a lot more like Barbie than Kahlo. Mara de Anda Romeo, the artist's great-niece, says Mattel was not authorized to launch a doll based on the artist, the BBC reports. Her lawyer says she doesn't want money, but wants the doll to be redesigned. "We will talk to them about regularizing this situation, and by regularizing I mean talking about the appearance of the doll, its characteristics, the history the doll should have to match what the artist really was," the lawyer says. Critics say the Kahlo Barbie lacks some of the artist's features, particularly her famously thick eyebrows. The Kahlo Barbie was released as part of an Inspiring Women set that also includes pilot Amelia Earhart and NASA mathematician Katherine Johnson. Kahlo, a feminist icon, died in 1954. Mattel says it developed the doll with Frida Kahlo Corporation, which "owns all the rights" to the artist's image, the AP reports. Mattel "celebrates the ideological contributions of Frida Kahlo which have transcended the borders of art and which will influence new generations as a world icon through the Frida Kahlo Barbie, which conserves the essence of Barbie and the legacy of Frida Kahlo," the company said in a statement. (Read more Barbie stories.) Report an error


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Fixed rate mortgages could be on the rise
Jeni Browne explains why she thinks fixed rate mortgages are more likely to rise than fall in the coming months despite the cut in Bank Rate.
In August the Bank of England's base rate was reduced to 0.25%, so naturally the expectation is that fixed rate mortgage product pricing will follow suit, right?
Wellllllll actually, not so! 10 year gilt yields have increased from a low of 0.527% in August to 0.98% at the end of last week. This follows Theresa May's comments where she suggested that the Bank of England should rein in quantitative easing. Furthermore, SWAP rates have been edging up recently.
These points, combined with the fact that lenders have already factored in the base rate reduction, mean that there is every chance that fixed pricing is going to increase.
The very good news is that right now, fixed mortgage rates are very low and so this would be a very good time for people to review their mortgage arrangements and lock into the fixed rates that are available now before they increase.
Obviously, if you are already on a fixed rate – it will not rise because the rate is fixed for a certain period of time! If however, you are now on the lender's reversionary rate, it should be time for you to review your options. You could save on your monthly mortgage payments and/or raise capital.
As ever, to talk through what this means for you, do get in touch.
Handy tools:
Buy to let calculator and rate finder
Whatever your requirements use our calculator and rate finder to filter through the products currently available on the buy to let market and find the best rate for you.
Buy to Let App
Buy To Let is a FREE iPhone and Android app for residential property investors who need instant access to buy to let mortgage rate information. The app includes a comprehensive calculator to help you search for rates that fit your circumstances and borrowing requirements. Includes a handy property portfolio manager.
Property portfolio review form
If you have your own spreadsheet, don't' waste time re-entering the details, just send us yours instead. We'll then analyse the information and give you a clear picture of your investment finance together with recommendations on how to proceed and keep your investment strategy on track.
11th October 2016


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25+ Easy Paper Crafts: Christmas, Printables, and More
Easy paper crafts are perfect for beginners and fun and simple for advanced crafters.
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Paper crafts are utterly fabulous. Whether you spent much of this year crafting for Christmas or you love yourself some free printables, this collection titled 25+ Easy Paper Crafts: Christmas, Printables, and More includes our top projects of the year. This collection of easy paper projects are a fantastic way to dive into the world of paper crafts!
We have a wide variety of paper craft ideas that were most loved by the site visitors at AllFreePaperCrafts.com. Below you will find collections of Christmas paper crafts, easy paper crafts for kids, free printables, and so much more!
If you're looking for fantastic new paper craft ideas, this collection is the perfect place to start. These projects are reader-approved, so you know they were popular projects for a reason.
Get ready for the new year with great paper crafts that will keep your scrapbooks full, your home decorated, and your holidays merry and bright.
PLUS! Since we're on the subject of easy, make sure you take a look at the video right below. This tutorial will show you how to make a unique DIY Mobile for a child's room in minutes!
Table of Contents
Christmas Paper Crafts
Craft for Christmas with these popular Christmas crafts! These Christmas projects are the most popular holiday ideas on AllFreePaperCrafts.com, and you'll see why. Paper ornaments are some of the best paper crafts for Christmas because they are so small and sweet.
Learn how to make great holiday embellishments for your Christmas cards and scrapbook layouts. Last, you will find wonderful homemade decorations like tabletop trees and even little trees! These holiday paper crafts are the most popular Christmas projects chosen by readers.
Easy Paper Crafts for Kids
Paper is the perfect craft material for kids because it doesn't leave a mess and won't break bank! Whether you're looking for a free printable kids craft or you want to give your toddlers a project that will challenge them, these easy paper crafts for kids are sure to brighten their day!
Print out some free printable bookmarks that your kids can use to mark their pages, or craft paper helicopters with them and see how far they can fly! The smiling alphabet letters are also excellent for your kids to rearrange to form a variety of words. Your kids will stay occupied with no mess with any of these easy paper projects.
Free Printables
Free printables are the fastest and easiest paper crafts out there! You wouldn't believe the amazing possibilities associated with free printables. Need some toys to help entertain? We have those. Thread bobbins? We've got you covered.
Feathers and flowers? Those are featured here! Check out some of the most popular printables and print out some awesome new paper projects today!
Easy Embellishments and Card Making Ideas
It's the best of the rest! Here we have handmade cards, paper flowers, mini and vibrant paper butterflies, and even a Pottery Barn knockoff you won't want to miss.
Decorate your home, send warm greetings to your loved ones, and embellish your paper crafts to your heart's content. These additional paper craft ideas will inspire you for years to come!
Do you think these projects are easy enough for beginners? Let us know your thoughts.
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Apr 26, 2017
Fun for the whole family - awesome!
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Aug 13, 2016
I am 66 years old and I am always babysitting someone, which I love. But it gets boring for those little ones at times so I am forever grateful to you for coming up with ways to both teach and entertain. They love the crafts for kids and are so proud of what they make. Thanks for sharing.
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Free Printable Friendship Card
With this free printable friendship card, you can send your friends a little love via snail mail! The work is done for you all you… Continue reading: "Free Printable Friendship Card"
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Our upcoming Japan Tour dates are announced! It has been 3 years since our last tour and we are ready to go! Again, super excited to share all these new song with you all!
Our good friend Thesis Sahib will be joining us on tour!
Come say hello to us! See you soon!
xo, the TG's
April 27: Tokyo at Gallery COMMON
April 28: Nagano at PORKY
April 29: Niigata at Golden Pigs
May 02: Gifu at Ants
May 03: Nagoya at Vio
May 04: Himeji at Fab-space
May 05: Kyoto at UrBANGUILD
May 06: Osaka at CONPASS
May 09: Shizuoka at Freakyshow
May 10: Tokyo at SuperDeluxe


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Welcome to week 13.
Thank you for your fab entries. They have been stunning.
This weeks challenge is sponsored by Stitchy Bear Designs
The winner chosen by our design team will receive:
The winner chosen by our design team will receive:
This weeks inspirational photo. A chance to use all of the colours of the rainbow.
Here are the fabulous inspiration from our DT
Kelly M
We can't wait to see your designs this week. Don't forget to tell your friends about our challenges.


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HIE are miracle workers!
Hannah, John and the HIE team literally saved our March 2020 wedding! My husband and I were married on the Big Island just before COVID reached the islands, and in the week leading up to our big day there was much uncertainty and stress about potential restrictions and lockdowns. We had already arranged extensive rentals with the HIE team (tables, chairs, flatware, lighting, linens, etc.) and quickly had to pivot to accommodate a rapidly changing guest count and layout. I know many other recent brides unfortunately understand the pain of watching your carefully made plans fall apart, however Hannah stepped in gracefully and helped pick up the pieces to ensure our day was still a success. From jumping in when our original coordinator cancelled last minute, to surprising us with unexpected details (the light up 'Aloha' sign was magical!), to simply listening and reminding us it was all going to work out in the end Hannah, John and the HIE team truly made us feel like we were part of their ohana. And that's not even to say anything about their beautiful inventory of rental pieces! Simply put they transformed our space into the reception of our dreams. HIE went above and beyond for us and I would 100% recommend working with them. Great work, easy to work with, and the product is exceptional.
Kashia L. , married on 03/20/2020
Gorgeous shots seen on this website were provided by some very talented photographers, Mark Hinwood, Cameron & Athena, Toby Hoogs, Fletch Photography, Rebecca Arthurs, James Rubio, Piko Piko Photography, Karen Louden, Bob Brown, David O Baldwin, Bikini Birdie, Jose Villa, Techy 3, Couple Cups, Julie Harmsen, Chelsea Abril, Sunlight Studios and more. We retain the right of ownership of the works contained therein. Photos of such, may not be reproduced without our express, written consent. Photos taken from this or any of our other websites, blogs or social media, and/or email is strictly prohibited.
We serve the entire Big Island of Hawaii
Why is membership important to our customers
The rental industry is an ever changing entity and we need to stay at the forefront of best practices and trends to ensure we are offering you the best there is. An ARA membership means a company is a trusted professional in their field. On the day of your event you want to be assured that you hired professionals worthy of membership.


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Proposed Planning Boundary Map
The Gravette Planning Commission will hold a public hearing for an updated proposed planning boundary map. This map includes updates that encompass areas that have annexed into the city since the last planning boundary map was adopted. The public hearing is scheduled for Tuesday, November 13, 2018, at 6:00 PM at the Gravette Civic Center during the regularly scheduled planning commission meeting. A full size map is available in the lobby of City Hall for review.