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Tool review by
Joseph Burzynski
I knew that people who didn't feel threatened wouldn't fight.–Martin Levitt, from Confessions of a Union Buster
We've got to let them know we're not going to take this anymore. We want education. We want livable wages. We want decent housing. And we want health care for the rest of our lives, not the life of a contract. It's very simple—it shouldn't be hard to understand.–Lorell Patterson, employee, Staley Manufacturing, Decatur, Illinois
Labor organizing's academic domains tend toward economics, labor relations, and political science, as these fields follow lines of inquiry interested in organizing's material outcomes. Namely, what does the presence or absence of a union have on an industry, company, worker, or political cause? Rhetoric's strengths—its various theoretical concepts by which power relationships and beliefs are brought to light and understood through texts—provide an ideal lens through which to view organizing's day-to-day tactics that lead to the outcomes studied in other fields. What do workers say to each other? How does persuasion happen or not happen between workers? How are workers moved or not moved to act? Studying oral, grassroots, and on-the-ground communication provides an opening into modern labor rhetoric that encourages an update to strictures like materialism and worker/employer binaries and, in turn, offers additional, relevant entry points into a contemporary rhetorically focused labor studies.[1]
The day-to-day blueprint for internal labor organizing—that is, organizing to both maintain union membership and expand membership within the union's particular labor sector—is the house call or the one-on-one.[2] Emmett Murray's (2003) The Lexicon of Labor notes that the house call is a term of art in labor circles "used to describe visits by union staff, volunteers, or organizing committee members to the homes of employees they are attempting to organize" (p. 85). Unless you are a labor organizer or have been a part of an organizing drive, it is unlikely that you would know about this tactic.[3] Indeed, Murray's language conjures an easy chat over some hard-to-reach, far away goal. The house call is a chummy 'visit.' The union is 'attempting' (not working, fighting, scrapping, or some other, more vital verb) 'to organize.' Murray's reader might conclude that the conversation's outcome is as random as a coin flip. The house call is not a haphazard visit; rather, the house call is an intentionally constructed conversation between a union organizer and a worker in which the organizer is trained to agitate and move the worker to join or advocate for the union. Organizers have charted and rehearsed the conversation's course long before they set foot on the worker's doorstep. The setting may change: the conversation may happen at home (hence 'house'), but it can, of course, occur anywhere. While we live in an increasingly digital world, this rhetorical act is designed and planned for in person, face-to-face delivery.
To inquire into the house call's rhetoric is to inquire into the ways that power is conceived, discussed, and represented between unions and workers. For academics who are curious about the intersections of rhetorical practice and organized labor, this is enough to be going on with. However, hanging over the analysis that follows is the reality that house calls and organizing drives are real, three-dimensional, everyday manifestations of economic power. In organizing drives, sides are taken. Qualities of life—if not livelihoods themselves—are at stake. Friendships are gained and lost. The house call is a living, breathing, and significant organizing tactic. Its subject is workers' relationships to their employer, an inescapable, necessary part of life in a modern market economy. But the house call as a rhetorical moment reveals much about how unions encourage workers to (re)position themselves to express dissatisfaction with their working conditions, desire change, and stand level with their employers to negotiate an improved working life.
The house call as a rhetorical tactic
Labor organizers do not indiscriminately decide to organize a workforce, nor are they indiscriminate in how they speak to workers. In today's organized labor, organizers are trained. Unions are formed and maintained by organizing apparatuses that study, focus on, and foster the one-on-one communication between an organizer and a worker. Unions use a number of methods to recruit and train organizers to communicate with workers, but, according to Richard Hurd (2004), the methods are clustered under the "organizing model," a tactic launched by the AFL-CIO during Reagan's presidency to reenergize the labor force (p. 7). The organizing model initially referred only to organizing already unionized workers for action, or what is known as internal organizing. As training became more standardized after 1989 and the formation of the AFL-CIO's Organizing Institute (2017), external organizing, or "promot[ing] grassroots activism as a way to build support for union representation," was gradually subsumed in the organizing model (p. 8). Here, it is important to briefly contextualize the Organizing Institute's place in contemporary United States labor. Amy Foerster (2001) notes that the Organizing Institute is a separate branch of the AFL-CIO, and was "initially created to assist unions in devising new organizing strategies, to provide strategic analysis of successful and unsuccessful campaigns, and to recruit and train new organizers" (p. 156). The Institute acts as a central organizer distribution center to unions across the country. While separate unions may in turn hire and continue to train these organizers, it follows that organizers retain the experience and tools gained through the Institute.
The house call is a modern labor tactic that is hard to pin down, and, I would argue, it is not well known or understood outside of the labor organizing community. While a web search for 'house call' and 'organizing institute' yields pages of relevant and credible links—including, of course, to the Organizing Institute itself—these tactics are largely unknown beyond the workaday lives of organizers. I would argue that there are a few outstanding reasons: the organizing part of the labor community is reticent to talk about its tactics; the house call is an organizing tactic based on training large numbers of organizers who may or may not remain employed or adjust to the organizer lifestyle; and, perhaps most important, labor's operating principle foregrounds the worker as the union. The union is not the organizer, nor is it an institution above and beyond the worker. It is the worker, standing alongside her fellow workers, acting together to effect change in their workplace.
Organizers are trained to use the house call method in one-on-one communication—preferably at the worker's home—and for larger meetings—anywhere from two or three workers to a packed conference room. When applying this rhetoric to non-one-on-one communication, certain steps are modified (for instance, when speaking to an assembled meeting, the organizer does not need to get in the door). Because the Organizing Institute has been central to training and recruiting for the labor movement over the past 30 years and the house call is its curriculum, I suggest that much about contemporary labor can be revealed in this formula's rhetoric.
In the house call dialogue, an organizer leads a worker through a conversation that is meant to lead the worker to four conclusions: My work life is bad; change needs to be made; my boss will resist change; I will act to be an agent of change for union formation. There are variations across unions, but, here, I will outline six steps that comprise the house call.[4]
1. Introduction
When going on a house call, organizers are given a list of names and addresses to visit. The organizer often does not know who the workers are before arriving on their doorstep, so the first thing the organizer needs to do is break down any resistance to her presence. The goal in this step is to establish a space where the worker and the organizer can have a discussion.
Example of an introduction
"My name is N, and I'm from the [insert industry] union. Some of your co-workers want to make changes at work and form a union. It's an important decision that you're going to have to think about. May I come in so we can talk?"
2. Get the worker's story and agitate on the worker's problems
Organizers come into the house call knowing the general problems workers may have. They're predictable—even absurdly universal these days: workers may be overworked, underpaid, face unhealthy or unsafe conditions or receive no or poor benefits. But the organizer wants the worker to reveal her specific story concerning her workplace or employer. Once an important issue surfaces, the organizer will keep it in mind and refer to the issue as the house call continues, both as a way to motivate the employee to take action and to remind the employee of what is at stake for her.
Example of getting the story questions
How long have you worked there? What department are you in? What do you like about your job? What has kept you there? What things have you seen change since you've been there? If you could make one change, what would it be?
Examples of agitation questions
On pay: Would management do your job for what you get paid? Why don't they pay you more? Do you think you're worth that? On staffing: Who gets blamed if something goes wrong? How do you get it all done? Why isn't there more staff? If they don't hire more people, do they pay you more?
3. Vision of the union
Once the worker's specific issue(s) are discovered, the organizer talks about the union difference. This statement is short and attempts to summarize concisely the differences between forming a union—and collective bargaining—and remaining non-organized.
Example of a vision statement
"Now they have all the say and you have none of the say. You want [insert the worker's agitation issue], but they say no, and there's nothing you can do about it. Now they deal with you one-on-one and they like it that way. They have all the power. When you have a union, you deal with them as a group. You get a seat at the table. You have the power to take back from management what they don't want to give."
4. Inoculation
"What would your employer think?" is the question that marks the beginning of inoculation. Here, the organizer invites the employer's expected negative reactions (strikes, firing, union dues) to a union into the conversation. The movement in this section is not simply to answer those concerns; rather, it is to answer in a way that gives the worker a measure of immunity to inevitable anti-union arguments and practices. Any concerns that the worker may have are invited into the conversation. The organizer's goal is to ground the worker's concerns in the vision of the future, changed state.
Examples of inoculation
On being fired: "Right now you could be fired for no reason. The reason to stand alongside your co-workers is to gain the power to negotiate the right to not be fired at a moment's notice."
On being forced to strike: "Do you know who decides whether or not you go on strike? You do. You don't go on strike until you vote on it. Your boss wants to talk about strikes because she doesn't want to talk about pay or staffing."
5. Assess and agitate
The question "so are you ready to stand up to form a union?" marks the transition from inoculation and assesses the worker's support for a union. Here, the organizer judges how strongly the worker is leaning towards the idea of a union. If necessary, the organizer returns to the worker's story to re-agitate the worker. The worker's answer and interest level will dictate how the house call will proceed. The organizer will not move to the final action step until the worker answers an unequivocal "yes." If the worker is against the union or her support is perceived as too soft, then the worker may decide to bring the house call to conclusion. As can be expected, not every worker overwhelmingly supports or rejects unionizing at first exposure, so an organizer's judgment comes into play depending on levels of resistance.
Example of re-agitation
"Do you see any other way for [insert worker's agitation issue] to change? You've asked for things to change, but management won't listen to you. Unless you stand with your co-workers to form a union, everyday will be the same. Nothing will change because management won't have to change anything. Everyday you'll go to work and [worker's agitation issue] will be waiting."
6. Move to action
If the worker's level of interest dictates a desire to be involved in further organizing action, then the organizer wants to gauge the worker's willingness to further union formation. For the organizer, concrete action and information is the goal of this concluding section. The organizer may suggest a range of actions from signing a union card to volunteering to speak to a co-worker. Any next steps will depend upon the worker's commitment level. As in the assessment step, the organizer's judgment informs what actions the worker will be asked to perform. For instance, a worker may immediately want to talk to a handful of her fellow employees. It would then be the organizer's job to facilitate the meeting.
Examples of move to action
"Some of your co-workers might be confused about forming a union and what to do next. Management won't be. They'll take this seriously and act immediately. They're going to try to put you on the defensive. In order to win, you have to act quickly and go on the offensive. Tell your co-workers you are for the union. If you tell them you're for the union other people will stand with you."
House call implications
By the end of the house call, inductive reasoning has moved the conversation through the worker's problems with her employer in a way that concludes for her that the only way that her life at work will change is to stand together with her co-workers to form a union. To be sure, the house call's goal is persuasion: the organizer wants the worker to acknowledge the union difference and assess for herself that the only way for her story—for her narrative—to change is to become her own change agent. While the house call may be rhetorically interesting because of its persuasive intent, the Vision of the Union and Inoculation sequences reveal deeper, more rhetorically fundamental implications about the union's—and ultimately the greater labor movement's—current ethos. Control is not fundamental to contemporary labor. The union is not the protector. The union is not the organizer, nor is it an institution above and beyond the worker. The union is the worker, standing alongside her fellow workers, acting together to effect change in their workplace.
The house call's process of moving the worker to embody the union begins with the vision statement. The organizer highlights the worker's dispute with her employer over the distribution of benefits and power within her workplace and the remedy that collective bargaining can provide. Though the vision statement is brief, I argue it is a critical move that places the union into a position viewed by the worker as equal to her employer. If the organizer does not craft the union as an establishment that can sufficiently stand eye-to-eye with her employer's position as an establishment, then the vision statement can achieve no legitimate effect. By positioning the union as a competing establishment that can work to remedy the worker's problem, the organizer provides concrete insight into what the worker can gain from organizing—a process and goal that is likely to be vague for the worker at this early stage of the campaign. Providing substance to the claim that choosing to form a union will bring the worker on a direct level with her employer is crucial. It is a bit ambivalent, perhaps, that this mark of control—of authority to make change—is one that the union needs to relinquish as soon as it is established for the house call to have any effect in this organizing context. Giving up this authority happens during inoculation.
During inoculation, the union needs to decenter itself, to remove itself as the focus of the house call and return the focus to the worker and her story, her work situation. There are two purposes for the organizer to inoculate the worker. First, complaints about unions are predictable and expected; it will improve the worker's impression of the union and organizer if, later in the campaign, the organizer is validated by accurately predicting the employer's messages and actions. Second, it is a transfer point from which the organizer cedes control of the union to the worker. The latter is the move on which the house call turns. In short, it says, "your boss will say the union is bad. In fact, she may sit you and your co-workers down in a room, not allow you to leave, and lecture you for an hour about how you are a family and the union is only trying to destroy that. And you'll need to be prepared to resist tactics like this together, as a unified body." Just as quickly as the organizer builds the union as a competing establishment through the union vision, she knocks it down to place the worker as the focal point and driving force behind any possible change. This is important because there can be no union or organizer to protect a worker while she is at work—once she returns to the power confines of her workplace—which is why it is important that any perceived union strength, authority, or sense of protection is weakened.
From this point on as a member of the proto-union—the committee that exists before any official recognition—the worker, not the union, must play the role of a competing legitimate establishment that can and must now take on the employer. As the house call moves forward—and the campaign proceeds—workers who support forming a union can now claim legitimate power over their fellow workers and even the union itself. The proto-union must now decide the message and direction of the campaign, and they have the responsibility to organize their fellow workers. Should this power not be accepted by the worker, the organizer and the union become identified as the only figures who will effect change, thus preventing a transformation of the worker's power.
The vision and inoculation turns represent interesting implications for the greater organized labor movement. I do not have to cite the Wall Street Journal to claim that free market capitalism is undergoing a historic re-structuring and re-conceiving. It is increasingly evident that the fortunes and fates of industries, owners, shareholders, and workers are tied together by more than corporate labels or a contract's wording. The cumulative effect of establishing and destroying union authority and power in the house call seems to have the greatest implications not for the worker or the employer, but for the union's ethos. Though a weak ethos may, at first glance, appear inherently bad; in fact, it presents important implications. The rhetorical turns in the house call reveal that organized labor does not subscribe to the idea that concentrating power is inherently good. In fact, its ethos can be considered weak only if a centralized establishment is valued. Many of the issues that national or international organizing bodies like the AFL-CIO advocate for are predicated on de-centered notions of power (universal health care, universal collective bargaining rights). As a result, perceiving organized labor as a weakened movement may be misleading, as the idea of a strong, central moving figure is antithetical to much of what labor stands for. Labor is persistently anti-hegemonic. Even speaking of the labor movement (or theory) as being in crisis becomes problematic: what if crisis is not negative? What if the continual re-presentation of workers and power struggle is the goal? Regardless, sites like labor and texts like the house call, or any number of similar, mundane texts, should be examined because they present current –and rightfully complicated—conceptions of power and control in a changing economic landscape.
The house call contextualized
Before ending this house call analysis, I would like to take a moment to contextualize the house call not in terms of labor rhetoric or workplace studies, but in terms of rhetorical boundaries, of sorts. It may seem out of place to speak of contextualizing after I claim that my analysis is complete, but as with most rhetorics, there is more to the house call than an outline of a dialogue and a rhetorical analysis. The idea of the house call appears simple: an organizer visits a worker in her home to talk about forming a union at her workplace. However, it is no understatement to say that house calls and organizing campaigns—let alone labor law and policy—directly impact workers' livelihoods and reshape their understandings of power. Engaging in a conversation that openly questions an establishment figure may be new to the worker, and it is risky. Without exception, organizing campaigns are resisted by employers. As indicated in my analysis, workers can be subjected to "captive audience" meetings where they are assembled in a room and lectured about the evils of the union. Martin Jay Levitt, the author Confessions of a Union Buster details such a meeting:
The supervisors served as my front line. I took them hostage on the first day and sent them to anti-union boot camp. I knew that people who didn't feel threatened wouldn't fight. So through hours of seminars, rallies, and one-on-one encounters, I taught the supervisors to despise and fear the union. . . They soon came to see the fight through the eyes of their captor and went to work wringing union sympathies out of workers. (Levitt & Conrow, 1993, p. 2)
Both union and employer tactics inevitably create a hostile workplace. Any anxiety or fear that was present before an organizing campaign becomes exacerbated. As Andrew Sabi (2002) notes, "an organizing struggle tends to favor the claims of some people or groups at the cost of the economic, social, or political gains of others" (p. 17). Perhaps this sentiment is best expressed in the words of a worker like Lorell Patterson, "a union member, a Black woman, and a veteran of a defeated labor struggle at Staley Manufacturing in Decatur, Illinois in 1994" (Cloud, 2001, p. 274). Patterson's remarks delivered after the failed organizing campaign resonate with the immediacy of labor rhetorics:
We've got to let them know we're not going to take this anymore. We want education. We want livable wages. We want decent housing. And we want health care for the rest of our lives, not the life of a contract. It's very simple—it shouldn't be hard to understand. Every human being has a right to those basic essentials. The only way I can see that we're going to get that is to start organizing and educating. We've got to start standing up and telling them no. I have a right to be treated as a human being. It's time to start believing that we have the power. (as qtd. in Cloud, 2001, p. 6)
Clearly, my own terministic screens are revealed in choosing to conclude with Patterson's remarks. For me, however, this is a reminder that fundamental to the modern critical rhetorical approach is the operational understanding that everything is an argument. But maybe more important than that is the power reflected in such arguments. Public and pragmatic formulae like the house call provide a way for rhetoricians to read back to an origin, to disrupt a text or practice in order to reveal its forces and even its future. Sites like labor and texts like the house call, or any number of similar, mundane texts, should be examined because they present current—and rightfully complicated—conceptions of power and control.
[1] William Sewell's (1993) "Towards a Post-materialist Rhetoric" calls for labor scholars to move beyond focusing on materialism as labor's central metaphor. He argues that dividing money, advertising, and methods of production and exchange between material and nonmaterial is an arbitrary division that marginalizes details that are considered political, cultural, or ideological (p. 17). Too often, the concluding explanation for much in labor is proletarianization, which pays "insufficient attention to the profoundly uneven and contradictory character of changes in production relations, not to mention the role of discourse and politics in labor history" (p. 18-19). While Sewell calls on rhetoric to revitalize labor history, Dana Cloud (2001) calls on rhetoric to save communication studies from a cultural focus that ignores "what is still the most fundamental feature of workplace social relations and communication: a powerful class antagonism between workers and employers" (p. 269). He suggests this move for the benefit of "scholars interested in understanding and transforming relations of power, both material and symbolic, in the workplace" (p. 270). A more recent response to the above calls to revitalize labor rhetoric is Ted Brimeyer, Andrea Eaker, and Robin Clair's (2003) "Rhetorical Strategies in Union Organizing: A Case of Labor Versus Management." Here, the authors observe that most rhetorical studies of labor deal with unique figures or organizations, like Mother Jones or the Knights of Labor, and they consider a rhetorical analysis of organizing campaign materials (p. 52). return
[2] In this text I prefer house call, as the term has a longer history and wider citation in academic discussions. However, a recent but notable change to 'the one-on-one' is found in the AFL-CIO's March 2017 "Internal Organizing Toolkit: A Resource for Building Stronger Unions." return
[3] Full disclosure: In the summer of 2005 I was trained through the AFL-CIO's Organizing Institute and subsequently hired by the Service Employees International Union 1199 WV/KY/OH where I went through a three-month field training. return
[4] Similar to the variation in 'house call' v. 'one-on-one' nomenclature, the presence of six discrete steps is not definitive. Some training materials combine steps. Here, I apply my analysis to six different moves that, in practice, would appear seamless. return
AFL-CIO. (2017). Internal organizing toolkit: A resource for building stronger local unions. Retrieved from http://www.opeiu.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Xyr4aCJczjI%3D&portalid=0.
Berlanstein, Lenard. (1993) Introduction. In L. Berlanstein (Ed.), Rethinking labor history (pp. 1–14). Champaign, IL: U of Illinois P.
Brimeyer, Ted, Eaker, Andrea & Clair, Robin. (2003). Rhetorical strategies in union organizing: A case of labor versus management." Management Communications Quarterly, 18(1), 45–75.
Cloud, Dana. (2001). Laboring under the sign of the new: Cultural studies, organizational communication, and the fallacy of the new economy. Management Communications Quarterly, 15(2), 268–78.
Crain, Marion & Matheny, Ken. (2001). Labor's identity crisis. California Law Review, 89(6), 1767–846.
Foerster, Amy. (2001). Confronting the dilemmas of organizing: Obstacles and innovations at the AFL-CIO Organizing Institute. In L. Turner, H. Katz & R. Hurd (Eds.), Rekindling the labor movement: Labor's quest for relevance in the 21st century (pp. 155–81), Cornell, NY: Cornell UP.
Hurd, Richard. (2004). The failure of organizing, the New Unity Partnership, and the future of the labor movement. Working USA: The Journal of Labor and Society, 8(1), 5–25.
Levitt, Martin & Conrow, Terry. (1993) Confessions of a union buster. NY, NY: Crown.
Murray, Emmett R. (1998) The lexicon of labor. Retrieved from http://aflcio.org/about/programs/organizing-institute
Sabi, Andrew. (2002) Community organizing as tocquevillean politics: The art, practices, and ethos of association. American Journal of Political Science, 46(1), 1–19.
Sewell, William. (1993). Toward a post-materialist rhetoric for labor history. In L. Berlanstein (Ed.), Rethinking labor history (pp. 15–38). Champaign, IL: U of Illinois P.
Author Bio
Joseph Burzynski (he/him/his) is an Assistant Professor of English at Texas A&M University-Texarkana. He teaches courses in writing and rhetoric (and their histories). His publications and research investigates access issues, organized labor rhetoric, and the intersection of sustainability and composition studies.


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I read with interest and not a little dismay the recent On Line Opinion article by Ross Elliott. Mr Elliott is a property developer and his views are consistent with those few who stand to benefit from ever-increasing population growth in Australia: developers, media companies and of course retailers. But for most Australians, the advantages would be few and the negative effects would be many.
I don't mean to be unkind to the developers. In fact, I suspect secretly many of them agree with me that our headlong rush for crude population growth is undermining the quality of life of many Australians and doing nothing to help the rest of the world either. Recently I addressed a gathering of the Property Council of Australia, and privately many of the attendees said they agreed with me. We simply haven't thought through the negative consequences of population growth for Australia or the world.
Far from being a mere 'Thought Bubble' as Mr Elliot suggests, I have given the question a great deal of thought in recent times, and will be expanding on them at length in a book, The Population Crisis, to be published next month. Let me give you a hint of what it contains. But first, I would like to dispel a myth or two.
Firstly, Mr Elliot repeats a whopper first put out by the Murdoch Press which deliberately misreported my recent comments on the subject. I have never called for a 'two-child policy' as if there should be some kind of government edict setting a limit on the number of children Australian families should have.
Quite the contrary. I believe that once they are well-informed, Australians will make up their own minds about what they believe to be the right number of kids they have. What I do believe however is that it is high time we dump the wasteful baby bonus and other tax measures which currently cost us well in excess of $1 billion annually in artificially encouraging Australians to have three or more children. There are many good reasons to drop this silly scheme, not least of which is that it disadvantages those who choose to have small families, or none at all. Governments should get out of people's bedrooms full stop.
Again and again as I tour Australia discussing our failure to have a sensible plan for population, I ask simple questions: Why would we want to rapidly increase our population? What's so great about constant growth? What are the advantages for average Australians? I fail to ever get a convincing answer. The best the "pro-growthers" come up with is "because we can", and that of course, is no answer at all.
It's often claimed by the pro-growth lobby that Australia can never run out of land, because we have very low population density compared to our land mass. This is a really useless concept for making decisions about Australia's future. As has been well-established in report after report, Australia is best looked upon as two geographical nations: one a vast and arid interior with little value for settlement or agriculture; the other a narrow coastal strip with limited resources of soil, water and a fragile ecosystem. Necessarily it is this thin strip we must inhabit and it is far from being in endless supply.
Most mainland Australian capitals are now building highly expensive desalination plants just to supply drinking water for our existing population. Much of Australia is only just now emerging from a decade long drought that brought devastating consequences to our agricultural system. The history of climate in Australia - and the predictions of climatologists – suggest it is only a matter of time before drought returns and we must sensibly consider ourselves to be in a more-or-less permanent state of water scarcity. Dreams of turning back the northern rivers are nothing more than wishful thinking.
A lack of certainty with water means we must always be cautious about ensuring food security, not only for Australians, but for the millions of people around the world who depend on Australian grain and meat for their livelihood. For those who scoff at the idea of Australia one day running short of locally produced food, or having little or nothing to export, I urge you to read the report on our food security recently released by the nation's top scientific advisory body, the Prime Minister's Science, Engineering and Innovation Council.
The report sums up the challenge neatly, and makes it clear that our future is inextricably linked to population decisions:
The likelihood of a food crisis directly affecting the Australian population may appear remote given that we have enjoyed cheap, safe and high quality food for many decades and we produce enough food today to feed 60 million people. However, if our population grows to 35-40 million and climate change constrains food production, we can expect to see years where we will import more food than we export. We are now facing a complex array of intersecting challenges which threaten the stability of our food production, consumption and trade.
The likelihood of a food crisis directly affecting the Australian population may appear remote given that we have enjoyed cheap, safe and high quality food for many decades and we produce enough food today to feed 60 million people. However, if our population grows to 35-40 million and climate change constrains food production, we can expect to see years where we will import more food than we export. We are now facing a complex array of intersecting challenges which threaten the stability of our food production, consumption and trade.
Like many developers, Mr Elliott sees our thin coastal strip as an abundant resource fit for exploitation. He has even previously written on the benefits of urban sprawl.
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Dick Smith is one of Australia's most recognised individuals. After a successful business career in retailing and publishing, Dick has become well known as a restless adventurer, making many pioneering and record breaking flights by helicopter, aeroplane and balloon.
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I have ported the firmware to the keil MDK.And there is no error in compile. However it could not run after reset and enter the HardFault_Handler . I don't know where is the problem.
I do this work just for fun and I will upload the code to github when it could work. I want to do someing for autoquad.
If you are interested in this work , I am pleasure to discuss with you .My email is firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Mexico has the largest systems of caverns and flooded caves in the world. This area is the Mecca for cave divers!
Underwater Museum
Galería Manchones is located almost 10 meters deep in the waters between Isla Mujeres and Cancun. More than 400 pieces of marine concrete are home to species such as sea urchins, angel fish, sea lobsters and turtles.
About us
Pura Vida Diving, a diving school founded in April of 2012 in Koh Tao, Thailand. A group of professionals willing to realize a dream, easygoing people, people who every day demonstrate their passion for the ocean's nature and enjoy transmitting it to the people around them in an enthusiastic way.
Pura Vida Diving
Our store
5th Av. between 48th and 50th St.
Mza 266, Lote 002, Col. Luis Donado Colosio
Playa del Carmen
Working hours
Monday – Sunday: 9:00 a.m. – 7:00 p.m.


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Privacy Statement
Please direct all related inquiries to:
Click & Pledge
2200 Kraft Drive
Suite 1000
Blacksburg, VA 24060-6356
Email: email@example.com
This privacy statement covers clickandpledge.com and all other domains managed and hosted by Click & Pledge ("we" or "us" or "our"). The following topics are described in detail:
- What personally identifiable information — of yours or a third party — is collected from you through the website
- How we store and use that information
- With whom we may share this information
- Security procedures we use to protect from loss, misuse, or alteration of information under our control
- What choices are available to you regarding collection, use, and distribution of information we collect.
As part of Click & Pledge's online payment system, we save a donor's information on behalf of our Customers ("Organization" or "Merchant"). We do not, however, own any donor's information. A donor's collected information belongs solely to the specific organization to which the individual donated to or purchased from.
We will not sell, share, or rent this information to others except as disclosed in this document. Clickandpledge.com collects a variety of information from site visitors, donors and customers at several different points on our website.
We reserve the right to make changes to this Privacy Policy at any time and for any reason. We will alert you about any changes by updating the "Revised" date of this Privacy Policy. Any changes or modifications will be effective immediately upon posting the updated Privacy Policy on the Site. You are encouraged to periodically review this Privacy Policy to stay informed of updates. By using our Site, you are accepting this Privacy Policy.
Within this Privacy and Protection Policy, we define these following items:
"Applicable Privacy Law" means the relevant data protection and privacy law (including the GDPR) to which a Merchant is subject, as well as any guidance or statutory codes of practice issued by the relevant Privacy Authority.
"Customer" a third party (nonprofit, organization, political entity, or private company) who contracts Click & Pledge to provide products and services that allow the third party to collect money and organize events over the Internet.
"Data Controller" an entity that collects and owns data for its own use.
"Data Processor" an entity that collects, processes, and/or stores data on behalf of a third party. Generally, the third party is the owner of the data and is the Data Controller.
"GDPR" or General Data Protection Regulation, is the data protection and privacy law of the European Union.
"PII" or Personally Identifiable Information, is any data collected by Click & Pledge acting as a Data Controller or a Data Processor that can identify a natural living person as defined by Applicable Privacy Laws.
"Services" means any service that Click & Pledge provides for itself or its Customers that may collect, process, and/or store PII.
"Erasure" is the removal or modification of any Personally Identifiable Information such that any remaining data can no longer be used to identify a natural living person.
"Security Breach" is the unauthorized access, use, modification, or removal of Personally Identifiable information that collected, processed, or stored by Click & Pledge.
We may collect information about you in a variety of ways. The information we may collect on the Site includes:
… As A Data Controller
We collect certain information from site visitors and from customers and those applying for an account. We also collect information from users of auxiliary services such as forums.clickandpledge.com and help.clickandpledge.com. For these sites we are the Data Controller and may collect information that is considered personally identifiable information.
Account Applications (Customers and Potential Customers Only)
To use some of our services, a customer must first complete the application form. When completing the application, a customer is required to give their contact information (such as name, address, and email address) and information about their organization (such as name of organization, Tax ID, and tax designation). We use this information to contact the customer about the services on our site for which they have expressed interest.
Personal Data (Customers and Potential Customers Only)
When you voluntarily register with the Site or when you choose to participate in various activities related to the Site, such as online chat and message boards, we store PII, such as your name, shipping address, email address, and telephone number. You are under no obligation to provide us with PII of any kind. However, your refusal to do so may prevent you from using certain features of the Site.
Financial Data (Customers and Potential Customers Only)
We may collect financial information, such as your payment method (e.g. valid credit card number, card brand, expiration date) when you purchase, order, return, exchange, or request information about our services from the Site.
Derivative Data
Information our servers automatically collect when you access the Site, such your browser type, your operating system, your access times, and the pages you have viewed directly before and after accessing the Site.
Data From Social Networks
If you connect your social networking accounts to our Site, such as Facebook or Twitter, you may be sending these third parties your data. This might include your name, social network username, location, gender, birth date, email address, profile picture, and public contact data.
… As A Data Processor
We collect, store, and process information from visitors and donors on the websites of our Customers. For these sites we act as a Data Processor. The privacy policy that applies to information we collect, process, and/or store is governed by the Customer.
Personal Data
When a donor chooses to participate in various activities related to the Site, such as online chat and message boards, we store PII, such as your name, shipping address, email address, and telephone number. You are under no obligation to provide us with PII of any kind. However, your refusal to do so may prevent you from using certain features of the Site. This data is owned by the Customers, and is used by us in fulfillment of our business obligations to the Customer.
Financial Data (Customers and Potential Customers Only)
We may collect a donor's financial information, such as your payment method (e.g. valid credit card number, card brand, expiration date) when you purchase, order, return, exchange, or request information from the Site. This data is owned by the Customers, and is used by us in fulfillment of our business obligations to the Customer.
Derivative Data
Information our servers automatically collect when you access the Site, such your browser type, your operating system, your access times, and the pages you have viewed directly before and after accessing the Site.
Data From Social Networks
If you connect your social networking accounts to our Site, such as Facebook or Twitter, you may be sending these third parties your data. This might include your name, social network username, location, gender, birth date, email address, profile picture, and public contact data.
… As A Data Controller
Information collected from Click & Pledge site visitors and Customers is used for a limited number of purposes. Most of these are required for business and operational purposes. Others, especially uses for Customers, are required by our gateway processors and regulatory agencies. In instances where we share any PII with third-party agencies, it is for business operation purposes. We do not sell or share customer or visitor PII for any purposes not necessary to our business.
Information Collected, Stored, and Processed
We collect PII primarily from our Customers. We use this information to:
- Create and manage your account.
- Email you regarding your account or order.
- Enable user-to-user communications.
- Respond to product and customer service requests.
- Send marketing materials and newsletters.
- Improve your experience on our Site.
- Request feedback and contact you about your use of the Site.
Information collected, stored, and processed from site visitors and from users of third-party applications is primarily used for analytical research purposes. That analytical data does not contain any PII.
All PII collected as Data Controller is retained until no more than 18 months after the person is no longer associated with Click & Pledge.
… As A Data Processor
Information collected by Click & Pledge on behalf of its customers is stored and processed by Click & Pledge for our Customers. All information, including PII, is collected by Click & Pledge when we act as the Data Processor. This data is owned by the Customers and is used by us in fulfillment of our business obligations to the Customer.
Information Collected, Stored, and Processed
As part of an online payment system, we save a donor's information and some third party application PII in our system on behalf of the Customer. That information may be used for the following purposes:
- Create and manage your account.
- Email you regarding your account or order.
- Fulfill and manage purchases, orders, payments, donations, or other transactions related to the Site.
- Prevent fraudulent transactions, monitor against theft, and protect against criminal activity.
- Enable user-to-user communications.
- Increase the efficiency and operation of the Site.
All PII collected on behalf of our customers is retained until the customer removes it or 18 months after the customer has ended its relationship with Click & Pledge, whichever occurs first.
Donors may choose to donate a gift in memory of someone, or in honor of someone. This particular information is shared with the Organization, only if the donor chooses to enter this information on the payment form. Otherwise, the system will neither share the information with the Organization, nor will this data be save or stored.
Donors may choose to send an email to a friend about a listing on any of the catalog checkout pages. This email is considered a private communication between the donor and the friend. The Organization will not be notified of this communication, and no data will be saved or stored.
Donation / Order
We request information from a customer on our donation/application form. A Customer must provide contact information here (name, billing, and shipping address) and financial information (credit card number, expiration date). This information is used for billing purposes and to fill customer's orders. If we have trouble processing an order, this contact information is used to get in touch with the donor.
Donation System
A donor's information is saved on behalf of the Organization. Organizations can log in to their administrative system to keep track of donations and payments.
Click & Pledge does not use any of the provided information, except when contacting the donor about issues or disputes over payments.
The Organization has access to a donor's contact information and other details. This is not related to cardholder data. Please refer to the Organization's privacy policy to view how that particular Organization will handle donor data.
Click & Pledge takes every precaution to protect our users' information. When users submit sensitive information via the website, your information is protected both online and offline.
When our registration/order form asks users to enter sensitive information (such as a credit card number), that information is encrypted and is protected with the best encryption in the industry. While on a secure page, such as our order forms, the lock icon on Web browsers — such as Chrome, Firefox, or Microsoft Edge — becomes locked, as opposed to unlocked, or open. When the icon is locked, it indicates that your information is encrypted before transmission to ensure that it remains secure.
While we use secure encryption to protect sensitive information online in our Payment System used by various organization, we also do everything in our power to protect user information offline. All of our users' information, not just the sensitive information mentioned above, is restricted in our offices. Only employees who need the information to perform a specific job (for example, our billing clerk or a customer service representative) are granted access to personally identifiable information. Our employees must use password-protected screensavers when they leave their desk. Furthermore, ALL employees are kept up-to-date on our security and privacy practices.
Every quarter, as well as any time new policies are added, our employees are notified and/or reminded about the importance we place on privacy, and what they can do to ensure our customers' information is protected. Finally, the servers that we store personally identifiable information on are kept in a secure environment, in a locked cage that requires electronic card access and is video-monitored 24 hours per day.
If you have any questions about the security at our website, please send an email to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Breach Notification
Unless otherwise prohibited by applicable law, we will notify Customers of a Security Breach as soon as is reasonably possible under the circumstances. In any event, this is no later than 72 hours after becoming aware of any accidental, unauthorized or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, disclosure of or access to Personal Data.
This notification would include:
- A detailed description of the Security Breach.
- The type of data that was the subject of the Security Breach.
- The identity of each affected person (Or, where not possible, the approximate number of data subjects and PII records concerned.)
Click & Pledge will communicate to the Merchant:
- The name and contact details of Click & Pledge's Data Protection Officer (DPO) or other point of contact, where more information can be obtained.
- A description of the likely consequences of the Security Breach.
- A description of the measures we've taken or proposed to address the Security Breach, including measures to mitigate possible adverse effects.
- Additional notifications as soon as any additional information regarding the Security Breach becomes available.
In any case, we will take prompt action to investigate the Security Breach and use industry-standard efforts to mitigate its effects. We are obligated by our contracts with Merchants to carry out any recovery or other action needed to remedy the Security Breach.
NOTE: These rights are GDPR compliant and apply to all people who access our websites.
Right To Access
You may at any time review or change the personal information we store by sending a request to firstname.lastname@example.com. Please note that we need to confirm your identity before we can share or change any information.
Right to Erasure
You have the right to request that we remove or modify any PII about you that we store or use. Once the request has been granted, any records created prior to the time Erasure was requested will be removed or changed.
Granting erasure does NOT prevent us from gathering information on future visits to our website(s). The right to erasure may be limited due to reporting requirements from credit card vendors, law enforcement or other legal obligations. To request erasure of personally identifiable information, send an email to firstname.lastname@example.com. We will need to confirm your identity before we can proceed with erasure of your PII.
Additional information for customers and account applicants
Upon your request to erase information, we will deactivate or delete any accounts and information where your PII is used as the primary contact and/or bank officer for that account. The only exception is if your erasure request is accompanied by validated information from a person who will replace you in that role.
Some information may be retained in our files to prevent fraud, troubleshoot problems, assist with any investigations, enforce our Terms of Use and/or comply with legal requirements.
Right to Move Data
You may at any time review or change the information in your account or terminate your account by contacting us using the contact information provided. We can also provide you with information we have collected in a format that can be imported into other systems and applications. We will need to confirm your identity before we can transfer your PII to you or a qualified third party.
NOTE: Certain information, such as recurring transaction information, can only be transferred to another PCI compliant entity. For these data, we need contact information and PCI certifcation(s) of the entity that the data will be transferred to.
Emails and Communications
If you no longer wish to receive correspondence, emails, or other communications from us, you may opt-out by contacting us using the contact information provided.
If you no longer wish to receive correspondence, emails, or other communications from third parties, you are responsible for contacting the third party directly.
Though we make every effort to preserve user privacy, we may need to disclose personal information when required by law wherein we have a good-faith belief that such action is necessary to comply with a current judicial proceeding, a court order or legal process served on our website. In cases where we are required to provide information to a court, or other governing entity, we will endeavor to inform the effected Customer(s) unless such order or requirement prevents said notification.
If we decide to change our privacy policy, we will post those changes on clickandpledge.com so our users are always aware of what information we collect, how we use it, and under circumstances, if any, we disclose it. If at any point we decide to use personally identifiable information in a manner different from that stated at the time it was collected, we will notify users by way of an email and/or through a notice posted on our website. Users will have a choice as to whether or not we use their information in this different manner.


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I have a Liebherr freezer/wine fridge (SWTNES 3010-25A). After about a year of owning it, the freezer started to "defrost" itself. I would open it up, and it was wet inside. Checking the temperature with a hand held thermometer it would be above freezing, but the door panel would say -25C. After I turned it off and back on, it would refresh the temp and start to freeze again. Started off slow, but now this is a daily occurance. I've been fighting with the service company over the past year. They replaced the inverter, the white temp probe that is visible on the inside back panel, and the controller board. They won't do anymore nor do any replacement. So far I replaced the fan and fan motor inside (the one that is behind the inside back panel that seems to blow the air from the condenser around the freezer). I'm unsure of what else to replace as most of the parts have been swapped out already. I'm thinking it could be the limiter or the defrosting heating thing, but I'm not sure.
Here is a video showing the issue https://youtu.be/vzMh5Mr6HC0
What I did notice is I can tell when it's not working as I don't hear the ice being made. The ice tray seems to know that it is above a certain temp, but the freezer doesn't (if that makes any sense).


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General description
This deciduous shrub has magnificent, dark red-purple oval leaves, that turn scarlet in autumn. In July and August, it is festooned with fluffy plumes of purplish-pink flowers that look like a haze of smoke.
Plant requirements
Full Sun. Moderately-fertile, moist, well-drained soil
In late winter or early spring remove any misplaced, diseased or crossing branches. Alternatively, to produce larger leaves, cut the stems back hard to within two or three buds of the base in early spring. After pruning apply a generous 5-7cm (2-3in) mulch of well-rotted garden compost or manure around the base of the plant.
Practical use
This is an eye-catching specimen plant for a sunny shrub or mixed border.


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Can't Find A Tennis Coach That Fits Your Needs?
My name is Adam Gislason and I am the owner of FindTennisLessons.com. If you can't find a tennis coach in your city or one that fits your needs, I would be glad to personally help you find a quality, affordable tennis coach for private tennis lessons, semi-private tennis lessons, group tennis lessons or hitting only sessions 0-10 miles from where you are located for all ages and all skill levels!
North Branch Tennis Lessons
FindTennisLessons.com helps you find private tennis lessons, semi-private tennis lessons, group tennis lessons or hitting only sessions for all ages (kids, teens, adults, seniors) and skill levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) 0-10 miles from where you are located! To find North Branch tennis lessons located near you, find your tennis coach above and we will see you on the court!
North Branch, Minnesota is a great place to live well, work hard and play hard. The North Branch High School Tennis Team works hard in their daily practices and plays hard at the tennis matches throughout the season. The eight outdoor tennis courts do take center stage for these events which are very well maintained and ready for action. The Vikings are proud to represent their school both on and off the court. So now it is your turn get in the game.
Are you in need of private tennis lessons in North Branch? We are so glad you found us at FindTennisLessons.com and we are here to serve you. Get connected today with one of the tennis coaches that is in your price range and in your area to enjoy private tennis instruction that is specifically designed for you. Let's get started!
Youth tennis lessons are a great option for your teens to stay fit and healthy while having a good time. They can get involved in something productive and rewarding that can lead them on to a bright future. Tennis lessons for teens are a really big hit and are available for students ranging from 13-18 years old. Tennis lessons for juniors are available for all skill levels from first time players to intermediate students and on up to the high performance players.
Get on the ball and take North Branch tennis lessons with a fun, qualified and affordable tennis coach at FindTennisLessons.com!
"I was looking for tennis lessons for my son and came across FindTennisLessons.com. My inquiry was answered the same day and I was put in touch with a local tennis coach here in Buffalo. It was explained how the lessons and rates worked and the tennis coach and I coordinated our schedules allowing for weekly lessons. The entire process was seamless, the cost is very affordable and my son and his buddies loved their lessons with the tennis coach. We just can't wait for next season!"
Buffalo, New York
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"I'd been searching for a tennis coach in Minnetonka for my 14 year old daughter for months. All of the tennis club coaches were too busy or couldn't meet at a time that worked for us. Then I came across FindTennisLessons.com and found a tennis coach in our neighborhood and in our price range. We quickly found a tennis coach that fit our budget and needs list. I would definitely refer anyone to them looking for a tennis coach!"
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"I just want to let you know that I am so happy that I found FindTennisLessons.com online! I have been trying to locate a tennis pro for well over a month. People don't call me back and it's been very trying. Within one day of contacting your organization, you were able to introduce me to an absolutely fantastic instructor. He is simply wonderful and willing to work with my crazy schedule. I really appreciate the service that you offer!"
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"As a new resident of a large city, I didn't have any contacts who could direct me to find private tennis lessons. Thankfully, FindTennisLessons.com was the perfect tool to help me do just that. My coach was able to meet me close to home and at convenient times. She has an incredible resume and was extremely friendly. All I had to do was show up, she covered the rest. I am very pleased with my experience & my improvement at tennis!"
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"I reached out to FindTennisLessons.com and within just a few hours Coach Donny contacted me. He was very professional and set up my first tennis lesson that week. As a beginner I was a bit nervous but Donny is such a skilled, enthusiastic and patient coach-it was a phenomenal first lesson. I continue my lessons each week and would highly recommend him to students new to tennis and those wanting to reacquaint themselves or become more proficient with tennis!"
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Today, every Mobile App Development Company looking for a unique way to develop an app that offers native user experience for Android and iOS app development platforms.
As we know, App Store always steals the limelight, thus iOS platform is the more
Smartphones are universally integral devices, unlike other digital devices and this can be justified with the fact that over 50% of the internet users thrive on it (Cannot agree less) - as everything can be found on them.
And of course, the great more
Flutter 1.0 - provides an innovative approach for Cross-platform Mobile Development to create native iOS and Android Apps with a single codebase.
The arrival of Flutter 1.0 shows a promising future for application development. Flutter offers more
Flutter- the brand new open-source mobile application development SDK which is gaining the quick momentum in the app development industry. Introduced by Google, Flutter is a software used to build cross-platform applications.
Considered to the more
Today, we see a whole new revolutionization in the way businesses are carried, and the credit goes to the mobile app, leading to the constant transformation in the mobile app development. Apps are not the option, rather a basic necessity of business more
Today, in the mobile application development market, HTML5 has come as a boon with numerous advantages such as easy to create and maintain, budget-friendly and can be deployed on different platforms without any extra costs. Who doesn't want want to more
Well, what comes to your mind, when we talk about cross-platform application development. Ideally, cross-platform apps development uses single code base but owe capability to multiple operating systems. In the last few more


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Call us for Austin Seamless Gutters
- Searching for a seamless rain gutters professional or installer around Austin Texas?
- Exactly why settle with our rivals close to Austin Texas for rain gutters, get in touch with us for a quote on copper gutters?
- Are your seamless rain gutters dripping and in need of repairs in Austin, Texas?
- Just why not get the gutter system covers from the beginning to avoid frequent roof cleaning up near Austin?
- Need the finest gutter services that Austin TX has to provide?
- Precisely why do I need rain gutters around Austin?
- What exactly size gutter and downspouts do we really need?
- Could new gutter systems manage to keep water out of my basement within Austin?
- Need


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In De-escalation and Breakaway training you will learn about taking control of dangerous situations. This will help you to reduce the risk of harm that could be caused to others or themselves.
Physical intervention should only be used by trained carers.
During the course, we will cover:
This course meets the Training, Support, and Development Standards as set out in The Fostering Services (England) Regulations 2011.
The course runs from 10 am - 1 pm with lunch at 1 pm.
If you have any questions please talk to your Supervising Social Worker or the Learning and Development team.


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Yesterday's unveiling of Samsung's Gear smartwatch has some hyperventilating about how this oft-ballyhooed form factor has finally arrived. But as we watched the event unfold, and some of us even got our mitts on it, we couldn't help but think that, stripped of the whole band and face, the Gear didn't strike us as that different from another oft-ballyhooed form factor: Google Glass. What's more, Glass is superior in most every way, and it's not even out of beta.
Let's see how these two devices stack up in some completely fair categories we've arbitrarily concocted …
Gear has rightly been described described as a slave to the Galaxy Note 3.0; it serves exclusively to communicate information on the phablet to the wrist so you don't have to go through all the onerous motions of pulling your giant phone out from your bag (or the massive pockets you had custom tailored to fit it). Because, really, using your arms in such a way is exhausting. But what about that wrist-born screen? It's not showing itself to you, now is it? If you want to know what's going on on your Note you have to … that's right! … Lift your arm!
Glass is the ultimate in convenience. There's no rolling back of the sleeve, no exhausting pivot of the elbow and angling of the neck. Information is delivered directly to your face and requires moving nothing but your eyeballs. Granted, eyeball moving can be tiring, but nowhere near as tiring as arm movements.
Winner: Google Glass
Skin and eye health
Even if you're willing to put in the physical effort, Gear's 1.63-inch display is squint-inducingly small, and we all know that squinting causes facial wrinkles that make us look older, faster. Glass offers the equivalent of a 25-inch display viewed from eight feet away. This means no squinting; ergo, using Glass will keep you looking young while using Gear will add years to your face.
Winner: Google Glass
Social situations
If looking old isn't bad enough, there's the social implications of screen location. Glass takes a bit of getting used to, but once mastered you can literally scan your message feeds without anyone around you thinking you're doing anything beyond adjusting your glasses to see them better. Gear requires you to look at your watch in the middle of a conversation.
So. Notifications and information delivery = better. Chances of being called an ass at the dinner table = lessened.
Winner: Google Glass
Talking on the phone
This is simple biology. Your mouth is closer to your eyes than it is to your wrist. Yes, you can lift Gear to your mouth, but it's less convenient and arguably more ridiculous than talking into thin air. And unless you're one of these kids, you probably don't want to spend your time talking like Dick Tracy.
Winner: Google Glass
Video recording
We've seen skydivers, marriage proposals, and even surgery shot with Glass, most of which are only possible because you can still use your arms and hands while doing so. Glasshole Robert Scoble says Google's camera takes less than one second to activate, which means you won't miss those special moments marketing folk are always telling us about.
Compare that with Gear, where one of your hands will always be out of commission while recording, and you'll need to master the art of aiming and focusing a lens that's at a 90-degree angle to the viewfinder. As opposed to, you know, just looking at something.
Winner: Google Glass
Device support
Gear doesn't just need to be connected to a phone to work; it has to be connected to a Note 3.0 or 10.1 2014 edition. Glass, on the other hand, is compatible with most Android devices and iPhone/iPad, too. We get that Samsung has made a strategic move to bolster its ecosystem of device. We also don't know anyone clambering for a Galaxy Note 3.0 or the new 10.1.
Winner: Google Glass
If we had to wear one of these…
We don't really want to wear either of these devices right now, but if we had to choose, the Google Glass would squeak ahead by a nose. Both of these devices are highly noticeable, and not in a good way. Gear clocks in at 11mm thick and 73 grams, which is totally acceptable for a new TAG Heuer but less so for what will be seen by most of the populace as the world's largest calculator watch. But at least it doesn't make you look like a Borg wannabe, like Glass. Still, if we had to pick one, we'd rather go with Glass. At least it would help us earn more geek cred, and hey, maybe we could use it to pick up girls.
Winner: Google Glass
And the winner is Google Glass (by a landslide)
Final Score: Google Glass 7, Galaxy Gear 0
If you're going to use a second device to augment your smartphone, surely you'll want it to be as convenient, as unobtrusive, and as future-proofed as possible. Google Glass is – even in its current beta state – exciting, technically superior, and a better everyday companion to your smartphone than Gear.
Gear may have won the current news cycle, but the march toward hardware innovation is a marathon, not a sprint, and Google Glass is miles ahead of the upstart king of the smart watch.
Editors' Recommendations
- Google Pixel 8 Pro vs. Samsung Galaxy S23 UItra: don't buy the wrong one
- Samsung Galaxy Z Fold 5 vs. Google Pixel Fold: $1,800 foldable showdown
- Google Pixel Fold vs. Galaxy Z Fold 4: which one is worth $1,800?
- Wearing the Galaxy Watch 5 showed me just how basic the Pixel Watch really is
- Samsung Galaxy S22 vs. Galaxy S22 Plus vs. Galaxy S22 Ultra


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Purple Tissue Raw Silk Fabric or Raw Silk Fabric is 100 percent pure silk fabric. It is silk in its best natural form. It has a lustrous shine. Dupioni is popular in bridal and other formal wear. The fabric looks rich because of the slubs and texture. This is the best quality available in Pure Raw Silk Fabric which is 100 grams and is made using Handloom. This Fabric has a golden/silver shimmer to it which makes the fabric stand out. For Wholesale orders Kindly Contact us on
|100% Silk
|100 Grams Per Meter
|43/44 Inches
|Silk Yarns. Can be used for all clothing purposes.
|A slight difference in color from the visible product image is possible.
|Wash Care
|Dry Clean Only
|All The Taxes And Duties Of Their Respective Country Will Be Borne By The Customer


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Flipkart Republic Day Sale; Top 10 Smartphone Deals You Shouldn't Miss!
Flipkart is holding their first sale of this year the Republic Day Sale at the same time that Amazon is having their Great Indian Sale.
After Amazon India announced their first edition of the Great Indian Sale, it's rival Flipkart has also announced their Republic Day Sale, which will take place at the same time, between January 21-23.
Both the e-commerce giants, Amazon and Flipkart will take on each other during the week leading up to the Republic Day. Flipkart is offering up to 80 % discounts on top brands across multiple categories like mobiles, electronics, fashion, home, furniture and books among others.
Here we will look at the top 10 smartphone deals that you should not miss!
Flipkart Republic Day Sale – Top 10 Smartphone Deals
The Republic Day Sale will feature some special launches and exclusive deals on smartphones, laptops, IoT accessories and more. Flipkart is also offering a 10% discount on Citibank credit and debit cards.
Samsung Galaxy S7
The yesteryear's flagship smartphone from Samsung, the Galaxy S7 is presently priced at Rs. 46,000/-. It will get a special discount of Rs. 19,010/- during the sale, and will be available at just Rs 26,990/-.
You can buy the Samsung Galaxy S7 here.
Moto G5 Plus
The mid-range bestseller from the house of Motorola, the Moto G5 Plus, which is presently priced at Rs. 16,999/-. It will be available at a discounted price of just Rs. 10,999/-.
You can buy the Moto G5 Plus here.
Google Pixel 2 XL
The latest flagship phone from Google, the Pixel 2 XL will be available at a special price of Rs. 48,999/- (down from Rs. 73,000/-) during the Republic Day sale, which includes a cashback of Rs. 10,000/- for HDFC Bank credit card users.
You can buy the Pixel 2 XL here.
Xiaomi Redmi Note 4
Xiaomi's best selling handset in India, the Redmi Note 4, is originally priced at Rs. 12,999/- for the 64GB model. It will be available at a discounted price of Rs. 10,999/-.
You can buy the Redmi Note 4 here.
Samsung Galaxy On Nxt
The Galaxy On Nxt 64 GB version, which is originally priced at Rs. 17,900/- will be available at a discounted price of Rs. 11,900/- during the Republic Day Sale.
You can buy the Samsung Galaxy On Nxt here.
Xiaomi Mi Mix 2
The flagship handset from Xiaomi, the bezel-less Mi Mix 2 is originally priced at Rs 37,999/-. In the Republic Day Sale, it will be available at a special price Rs 29,999/- which is the lowest price yet for this smartphone.
You can buy the Mi Mix 2 here
Oppo F3
The Oppo F3 will be available at special price of Rs. 11,990/- during the Republic Day sale which includes an extra exchange discount of up to Rs. 5,000/-.
You can buy the Oppo F3 here.
Vivo V7
The Vivo V7 will be available at special price of Rs. 16,990/- at the Republic Day sale. Users can also avail an extra discount of Rs. 2,000/- on an exchange.
You can buy the Vivo V7 here.
Lenovo K8 Plus
The 3GB RAM version of the Lenovo K8 Plus will be available at a discounted price of Rs. 8,999/- in the Republic Day Sale.
You can buy the Lenovo K8 Plus here
Honor 9i
The Honor 9i, originally priced at Rs. 19,999/- will be available at a special price of Rs. 17,999/-. You can get an additional discount of Rs. 3,000/- on an exchange.
You can buy the Honor 9i here.
The Flipkart Republic Day Sale will start on 21st January 2018 and will go on until 23rd January 2018. So, if you are looking to buy a new smartphone, you can take advantage of this sale.


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This Watch Is A New Old Stock Piece With Original Box And Papers. It Is Completely Un-Worn But Has Been Used As A Showcase Item For Display Purposes.
These Models Were Manufactured From 2006 Until 2010.
The Case Is Made Of High-Polish Finished Stainless Steel And It Is Equipped With A Solid Stainless Steel Case Back Engraved With An Image Of The Breitling Factory iN Switzerland. Mounted On The Case Is A Stainless Steel Bezel Which Is Rotatable Bidrectionally. Water Resistant Up To 30 Meters (100 Feet).
Functions Are Displayed On A Sleek Silver Dial With Luminous Hands And Arabic Numeral Hour Markers. Featured On The Dial Is A Moonphase Indicator, Sub-Dials Displaying A Perpetual Calendar As Well As A Three Register Chronograph.
Mounted On The Watch Is A Breitling Black Alligator Skin Strap Which Is Attached To A Breitling Stainless Steel Tang Buckle.
Powered By The Breitling Caliber 19 Self-Winding Movement With An Approximate Power Reserve Of 42 Hours When Fully Wound.
A Warranty And Certificate Of Authenticity Will Be Issued By Element iN Time NYC.


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Identity and Mission. Article 3 of 6: Identity and Scripture
Posted on: 2nd April 2019
David Williams is Director of Training and Development for CMS. In this the third of six articles on 'Identity and Mission', he introduces his topic with some reflections on 'Identity Crisis'. Article 1, 'Identity Crisis', is here. Article 2, 'Identity and Mission', is here. Article 4, 'Identity and Contextualisation', is here.
In the first article in this series, I suggested that a key task in translating the gospel into a person's life is to enable them to find their identity in Christ. In the second article I showed that identity and personhood are complex concepts that are to a significant extent constructed out of social relationships. In this article I want to explore how Scripture addresses the themes of identity and social relationships.
In both the Old and New Testaments, people come into a relationship with God because He calls them and rescues them. People do not find God, He finds them. God's call of Abram in Genesis 12 is a foundational passage both in understanding the narrative of Scripture and in constructing a biblical missiology. God called Abram when Abram was worshipping other gods (Joshua 24:3).
God's purpose in calling Abram was to create a new family who would become a great nation, so that through this God-created nation all families on earth might receive God's blessing. This central purpose is re-emphasised at the Exodus, where the rescued nation of Israel is to be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation (Exodus 19:4-6). Their obedience to God's covenant will be a witness to the foreign nations (Deuteronomy 4:6-8). In the New Testament, God's modus operandi remains the same and is fulfilled and completed in the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. The Lord Jesus rescues a new people through his atoning death on the cross. God calls a new people to belong to Him, no longer defined by national and ethnic identity, but by faith in Christ. The purpose given to Israel in Exodus 19 is now given to the New Testament people of God (1 Peter 2:9-10). If we claim to belong to God, we are saying that He has chosen us and rescued us in order that we might be His people and His witnesses, bringing his blessing to the nations. This is what Lesslie Newbigin calls the logic of election:
The logic of election is all of one piece with the logic of the gospel. God's purpose of salvation is not that we should be taken out of history and relate to him in some way which bypasses the specificities and particularities of history. His purpose is that in and through history there should be brought into being that which is symbolised in the vision with which the Bible ends – the Holy City into which all the glory of the nations will finally be gathered. But, and of course this is the crux of the matter, that consummation can only lie on the other side of death and resurrection. It is the calling of the Church to bear through history to its end the secret of the lordship of the crucified. [1]
This means that I cannot claim to be a child of God without also recognising that I am one of His people. If I am to have an identity in Christ, I also inevitably have an identity with Christ's people. The two cannot be separated. Therefore, a key component of finding an identity in Christ is to become part of the community of Christ's people, redefining your social relationships in the light of your allegiance to Christ as Lord. Discovering my identity in Christ is therefore not only about who I am and who I am becoming, but also about who I belong with. The Lord Jesus makes this quite clear in his repeated references to family in the gospels, most of which are negative. We cannot become disciples of Jesus unless we hate our own father and mother, and even our own lives (Luke 14:26). If I am in Christ, my loyalties now begin with those who are also in Christ – to the extent of even redefining kinship.
As I redefine my social relationships under Christ's Lordship, my lifestyle and relationships will be transformed. However, it is crucial that we understand the exact nature of this transformation. It does not require me to wear certain clothes, to worship in a particular kind of building, to eat some types of food but not others, to become Western or Eastern or Southern – the New Testament is largely agnostic about these external cultural markers. What I am required to do is to live a life characterised by holiness in communion with Christ and His people, which is best summarised in the twin commands to love God and love my neighbour. My life of holiness is lived as one of Christ's people, part of "God's new society".[2] If someone becomes a Christian from a Muslim background, finding an identity in Christ does not require them to eat pork, drink alcohol and wear immodest clothes. However, finding an identity in Christ does encourage them towards associating with others who confess the name of Jesus and who live a distinct and holy life.
Clearly this will be immensely challenging to a person who comes to Christ in a context where the majority of people belong to a different religion. It is the scale of this challenge that has led some missiologists to propose that people can become followers of Jesus inside their majority religion and culture. William Dyrness, for example, asks "might not [other religions] represent potential places where Christ can be encountered and God's project worked out?"[3] How we answer this question will be the focus of the next article, which we come to with an important foundation in place: if I am to have an identity in Christ, I also inevitably have an identity with Christ's people. Discovering my identity in Christ is therefore not only about who I am and who I am becoming, but also about who I belong with.
References Cited:
Dyrness, William A. Insider Jesus: Theological Reflections on New Christian Movements. Downers Grove IL: InterVarsity Press, 2016.
Newbigin, Lesslie. The Gospel in a Pluralist Society. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1989.
Stott, John R. W. The Message of Ephesians. The Bible Speaks Today. Edited by John R. W. Stott. Downers Grove IL: InterVarsity Press, 1979.
[1] Lesslie Newbigin, The Gospel in a Pluralist Society (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1989), 87.
[2] John R. W. Stott, The Message of Ephesians, ed. John R. W. Stott, The Bible Speaks Today (Downers Grove IL: InterVarsity Press, 1979).
[3] William A. Dyrness, Insider Jesus: Theological Reflections on New Christian Movements (Downers Grove IL: InterVarsity Press, 2016), 67.


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This is AI generated summarization, which may have errors. For context, always refer to the full article.
MANILA, Philippines (UPDATED) – The humanitarian agencies of the United Nations are prepared to help the government address urgent needs in areas that were hit by Severe Tropical Storm Vinta (Tembin).
So far, about 715,000 people are reported to have been affected by the storm. The storm has claimed at least 240 lives with scores of others still missing.
"A lot of people are still in temporary evacuation centers, so they need some basic assistance with food," UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Philippines Head of Office Mark Bidder told United Nations News in an interview.
At least 1,630 houses have been destroyed while about 1,000 were damaged, leaving nearly 140,000 homeless, according to OCHA. Nearly 81% of the displaced people will be staying in more than 200 evacuation centers as the New Year approaches.
OCHA has created an interactive version of the Disaster Response Operations Monitoring and Information Center (DROMIC) to guide humanitarian actors on the ground.
Double whammy for Marawi evacuees
Other members of the UN's Mindanao Humanitarian Team (MHT), like the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), are currently conducting response operations and assessments to determine the extent of the damage to flooded homes, infrastructure, and agriculture.
"Many families who fled Marawi City 7 months ago experienced a double whammy: displacement caused by the conflict, and the impact of Tropical Storm Vinta," the UNHCR said.
The UN Refugee Agency has sent a rapid assessment mission to Madamba, Madalum, Bacolod-Kalawi, Wato-Balindong towns in Lanao del Sur.
Initial reports of the mission showed that some evacuation centers hosting Marawi families in Iligan City and the Lanao provinces suffered damage. Authorities moved the evacuees to school buildings where they will be hosted temporarily. The families have requested additional malongs, mats, and hot meals, according to the UNHCR.
"This extreme wet weather is certainly not helping the conditions that displaced people currently face many of them are still not able to immediately return home," OCHA's Bidder said.
Protecting children a priority
Meanwhile, relief supplies prepositioned by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) are ready for dispatch to the storm-hit areas in Mindanao. Its field teams are also working around the clock to assess the extent of damage, according to the UN agency.
"We stand ready to support the government and partners to address risks on children's life and health and alleviate suffering of affected communities as best as we can," Lotta Sylwander, head of UNICEF operations in Philippines, said in a statement.
Children are among the most vulnerable and are at a heightened risk of contaminated water, lack of food, and epidemics, and other hazards which often follow in the wake of a natural disaster.
Vinta ravaged southern Philippines, particularly the provinces of Zamboanga del Norte, Lanao del Norte, and Lanao del Sur.
About 20 typhoons hit the Philippines each year. – Rappler.com
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You might have heard that Node.js is fast because it provide asynchronous APIs for all expensive operations, like network access or filesystem.
What does having an asynchronous API mean?
If you anticipate an operation can take a lot of time, it makes sense to run it asynchronously, so other code can run in the meantime, and have a hook that's called when that operation ends.
This is how Node.js can handle a lot more traffic than, say, PHP or Rails without using async libraries.
Most programming languages that were not traditionally async today do have 3rd party libraries that implement ways to call asynchronous code.
Otherwise what usually happens for example in PHP or Python code is that the thread blocks until the sync operation (reading from the network, writing a file..) ends.
If the code runs asynchronously, the CPU is not idle waiting for the process to complete, but it can go on with other tasks queued up until the original process is ready to move on.


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The New Weibull Handbook, Fifth Edition, has been written to update this text with the latest technology developed by the author, Wes Fulton, Paul Barringer and others for life data and warranty analysis. The figures are updated with higher resolution and better fonts. Some of the new topics included follow:
Rewritten Sections Include:
- Improved Crow-AMSAA analysis based on accuracy comparisons between regression and MLE and also, critical correlation coefficients for measuring the goodness of fit of the plotted data. The analysis may be done on failure events, warranty claims, or cost using the latest IEC standards.
- Reduced Bias Estimation for small sample sizes for "Now Risk" producing better tests for batch problems.
- Small samples reduced bias adjustments (RBA) for maximum likelihood estimates for the Weibull, normal and lognormal distributions providing significant improvements in accuracy. Maximum likelihood estimates can now be made for small samples as accurately as median rank regression.
- Dr. Wayne Nelson's new methodology: graphical repair analysis.
- There are many methods and types of analysis described in The New Weibull Handbook. How can the novice analyst decide which is the most appropriate procedure for his problem? Best practices are indicated throughout the text.
- The logic diagram developed by Bob Rock of PACCAR, has been improved to provide step-by-step guidance to select the best practice methods for all types of data sets.
- New case studies have been added.


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A couple weeks back, former Ozzy Osbourne and current Firewind guitarist premiered "Mr. Manson," the first single off his new album, Fearless. At the time, one of the most remarked upon aspects of the song by Guitar World readers was its breathtaking solo, which shows the Greek guitarist at the peak of his six-string powers.
Luckily for all of you, today we've teamed up with Gus to premiere the tutorial video for that very solo. You can check it out above.
Fearless is Gus G's first album since leaving Ozzy Osbourne's band in 2017 (he was replaced by Zakk Wylde) and the follow-up to 2015's Brand New Revolution. It was recorded with vocalist/bassist Dennis Ward (Pink Cream 69/Unisonic) and drummer Will Hunt (Evanescence, Black Label Society).
The album is set for an April 20 release via AFM Records. You can preorder it here. For more on Gus G, follow along on Facebook.


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[Recommended] South University Online Library
[Recommended] South University Online Library
It is a good idea to always begin with an outline of the information you eventually want to turn into a full document. Writing the narrative of a grant or contract is no different. A draft outline is a tool that can help you organize your thoughts and develop a narrative that is fully descriptive of what you want to write about.
Using the weekly readings, the South University online library resources, and the Internet, research how to write a draft outline. Then, address the following:
- Prepare a draft outline that highlights what your proposal narrative might look like for your chosen public health FOA.
As this is an outline, use bullet points to identify the areas your proposal narrative will address. Be sure to include a title page, an abstract, and a reference page.


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What The Festival
Wolf Run Ranch – Dufur, OR
June 16 – 19
Named by EDM Sauce as the #5 best music festival in the US, What The Festival is part Burning Man, part Electric Daisy Carnival and part yoga/spa retreat. Vortex Magazine referred to it as "summer camp for adults," and NBC said it's the "Millennial Generation's Woodstock." #WhatTheFestival is a boutique experience of art, with eight stages of electronic and live music located 90 miles east of Portland.
Lineup: Zhu, Cut Copy, Gramatik, Giraffage, The Russ Liquid Test, Woolymammoth, Barclay Crenshaw, Big Wild, Bakermat, Climbing Poetree, Electric Mantis, Fort Knox Five, Hotel Garuda, ill.Gates, Sorrow, Whethan and more
Distance from Denver: 1,171 miles
Bakermat Barclay Crenshaw Big Wild Climbing Poetree Cut Copy Dufur Electric Mantis festival Fort Knox Five Giraffage Gramatik Hotel Garuda ill.Gates Millennial Generation's Woodstock OR Sorrow Summer Festival Guide Summer Festival Guide 2017 The Russ Liquid Test What The Festival Whethan Wolf Run Ranch Woolymammoth Zhu


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Wedding Photographs Taken Last Year
Douglas has taken the unusual step of not using flash lighting when photographing winter weddings. There need be no compromises without flash when we use our fastest cameras with most sensitive lenses. A winter wedding lit by candle light can be captured with all the original atmosphere with the available light. The advantages are several.
Flash reduces the colour of the subject and darkens the background, resulting in unattractive wedding photographs. Capturing an image without flash preserves all of the background atmosphere and light.
"Douglas never uses flash and his personal style is unobtrusive, yet charming. This allowed him to blend in with the guests and take photos all the time without people noticing."
Hannah, bride
It is FAR less intrusive to take a wedding photograph without flash, than to blast away with eyebrow searing flash at every opportunity. The couple and guests can enjoy their day without distraction, especially important during the ceremony. It allows Douglas as a professional wedding photographer to remain discreet and almost invisible at all times.
"We wanted photos that were high quality without feeling staged, and Douglas does just that, capturing the day without it feeling intrusive using 'no flash' reportage style."
Emma, bride
The ideal photograph can be captured over several frames as the subject is unaware of the wedding photographer's presence, but if flash is used, the camera shy subject just turns quickly away, and the moment is lost with the guest left feeling uncomfortable.


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Pamela Griffin
Experience Christmas on the historical American Great Plains as retold by nine different multi-published authors, including Tracie Peterson and Deborah Raney. Follow pioneers, immigrants, and orphans through their adventures, heartaches, challenges, victories, and romances. You are sure to find more than one favorite among the nine holiday romances in this unique collection to warm your heart and inspire your faith.


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Buy Handicraft Home Decoratives and Figurines for Table Decor and Gifts OnlineApkamart is an online handicraft and home decor store providing you with a wide range of options to decorate and create a perfect abode for your home. We gather traditional art forms and combine them with home decor articles to create different options for you. One such table decor and handicraft home decor article is our figurines. These are perfect for side and corner tables, wall brackets and shelves. They add color and style to your home and hence are a hit among art lovers.
Figurines are basically statuette with a face of a human, animal or a religious deity. They can be single or a pair in accordance to the need of the customer. Figurines have been an integral part of Chinese and European decor culture and Apkamart brings the same decoratives to your halls and rooms. Figurines or showpieces bring a unique touch to your home. Each one of them, whether it's a human figurine or some animal figurine, has a story to narrate. Our online store provides you with a wide range of figurines namely, Elephant figurines, horse figurines, resin figurines and peacock figurines. These are decorated with Indian art and hence bring a touch of Indian tradition to your interior. Their compact size makes them a perfect entity to decorate your home and save you a lot of space. Decorative figurines are a great gifting option as well. You can pack them in bundles; create a set assembling many like pieces and gift to your family and friends. A set of wooden Darbaans or a set of beautiful dancing girls will definitely make you the artist of your circle. A meditating monk will be a perfect gift for those who like a touch of tradition and religion in their decor. Collectable figurines are perfect in design. We take care of both these requirements and create a perfect shopping place for you and your loved ones.
Buy Figurines Online from our online handicraft store and bring the best figurines in town to decorate your lovely home. Our products are quality tested and hence will bring a unique galore with them. Our easy payment options and reasonability in price make our handicraft and home decor store a hit among the masses. We know what you like and hence create the same excellence in our products. Shop from our online store with ease and be the architect of your own imagination.
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The heritage of our country is rich with arts and crafts that showcase detailed intricacies in every aspect. Our objective is to source the best of such creations from the nooks and crannies of the country and present that to you – our esteemed customers.
We maintain a trusted professional relationship with real Indian artists, whose excellent handiwork brings alive the beautiful products that you can get delivered right to your doorstep with ApkaMart!