text:
February 17, 2010
Basques not genetically distinct from other Iberians
A genome-wide survey does not show the genetic distinctiveness of Basques
Hafid Laayouni et al.
Basques are a cultural isolate, and, according to mainly allele frequencies of classical polymorphisms, also a genetic isolate. We investigated the differentiation of Spanish Basques from the rest of Iberian populations by means of a dense, genome-wide SNP array. We found that F ST distances between Spanish Basques and other populations were similar to those between pairs of non-Basque populations. The same result is found in a PCA of individuals, showing a general distinction between Iberians and other South Europeans independently of being Basques. Pathogen-mediated natural selection may be responsible for the high differentiation previously reported for Basques at very specific genes such as ABO, RH, and HLA. Thus, Basques cannot be considered a genetic outlier under a general genome scope and interpretations on their origin may have to be revised.
27 comments:
This is a clear example of as Clothes doesn't make the monk and the language doesn't make the ethnos.
- Wednesday, February 17, 2010 7:49:00 pm
- Heraus said...
The very notion of Basque culture being a cultural isolate is dubious. How can Basque culture be an "isolate" when it's the basis of vernacular cultures in NW Spain and SW France, from Burgos to Bordeaux, an area greater than Dutch-influenced Europe ? That the Basque language was preserved in Western Pyrenean valleys is a fantastic miracle but that doesn't make Basque culture different from its immediate romanicized Cantabrian, Aragonese and Gascon neighbours.
There is a trend in academic sectors to make Basque people some "good wild men". For instance, it now cannot be doubted that inscriptions in Veleia were believed to be forgeries because they did not suit some well-known researchers' conception of the Basque people. - Wednesday, February 17, 2010 8:18:00 pm
- visvakarman said...
The Veleia inscriptions were clearly forgeries, no matter what they suited.
- Wednesday, February 17, 2010 9:16:00 pm
- Andrew Oh-Willeke said...
Basque country was one of the first industrial centers in Iberia. This doesn't necessarily make the case for it being a cultural isolate, but it does make the case for the Basque being culturally distinct in material ways in addition to language.
We also know from history that Basque culture assimilated less from the Romans, the Moors and the Fascists than other parts of Iberia. Thus, the case that what is distinctive about Basque culture derives from having less of its pre-Roman culture obliterated is strong, and the fact that Basque is not an Indo-European language supports the theory that it was also not influenced as much as much of the rest of Europe by a hypothetical pre-historic Indo-European wave of migration.
The fact that Iberia was a refugia for European populations of animals (like bears) during the LGM also suggests that it may have served a similar purpose for ancestors of the Europeans of 45kya to 18kya, which suggests that to the extent that distinctly Iberian pre-Moorish genetics can be parsed from Vandal, North African and Roman influences, that they it's reasonable to suppose that its inhabitants are closer to European ancestral genetic makeup than the rest of Europe.
The lack of Basque genetic distinctness despite its cultural uniqueness points to the power of even low levels of admixture over long periods of time acting on a small group immersed in a larger one. - Thursday, February 18, 2010 12:17:00 am
- Heraus said...
I've long believed that the Veleia inscriptions were fake ones (because I'm highly skeptical of some Basque sectors which might be keen to emphasize on Basque exceptionalism) but newer studies have just proven that linguistic analyzes were at least very biased. Gorrotxategi and the likes were quite dishonest when analyzing linguistic elements.
Franco-Galician linguist, Hector Iglesias will soon testify in court in defence of Veleia archeologists (a French interview) :
His paper :
Another paper :
http://artxiker.ccsd.cnrs.fr/docs/00/42/54/73/PDF/artxiker-Veleia.pdf - Thursday, February 18, 2010 1:00:00 am
- Heraus said...
Bad link :
http://iesusioshemarian.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/57_adjunto1.pdf - Thursday, February 18, 2010 1:08:00 am
- Maju said...
It's contradicted by Bauchet 2007, which found a Basque-specific cluster in a large European study at K=4 or K=5, where Basques were not oversampled. Spaniards/Iberians are also a distinct group from other Europeans/Mediterraneans.
It's difficult to evaluate the validity of just an abstract that talks only of Fst (a criticized measure) and of old kind of genetic research such as ABO, Rh and HLA. Also the researchers work for Spanish institutions, what may imply ideological bias. - Thursday, February 18, 2010 3:24:00 am
- aargiedude said...
If somebody can obtain the supplementary material, could you tell us which 10 populations were studied, samples per population, and FST distances (there should be a table somewhere).
Maju, can you tell me more about the criticisms regarding FST? - Thursday, February 18, 2010 4:48:00 am
- Structure said...
In my last STRUCTURE IntraEuropean analysis that uses HGDP samples and data from DEcodeme/23andme, Basque appear in their own cluster at k=3. But this cluster may represent a Iberian cluster as well.
Basque group is 51 in mostly blue
Red are CentralNorthEuropeans
Green are SouthEasternEuropeans (Ashkenazims, SouthItalians, Turks...) - Thursday, February 18, 2010 8:42:00 am
- Onur Dincer said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- Thursday, February 18, 2010 9:59:00 am
- Onur Dincer said...
Structure, can you name the populations yuu used with reference to their test number and population size? Also I would be very grateful if you provided the whole STRCTURE analysis diagram with additional information about test methods and criteria.
- Thursday, February 18, 2010 9:59:00 am
- Onur Dincer said...
Erratum: STRUCTURE analysis, not STRCTURE analysis
- Thursday, February 18, 2010 10:04:00 am
- Kepler said...
I thought Maju was going to say all Northrern Spaniards are in reality Basques or Proto-Basques who lost their language :-)
Actually: couldn't this be the case?
Vascoiberismo? Iberian language was somehow related to Euskera? - Thursday, February 18, 2010 10:40:00 am
- Dienekes said...
It's contradicted by Bauchet 2007
Not really, since that study tested only a sample of 8 Basques and Spaniards only from Valencia
and of old kind of genetic research such as ABO, Rh and HLA
What they're saying is that the supposed distinctiveness of Basques in these individual traditional systems doesn't hold up when we look at dense microarray data (thousands of markers) - Thursday, February 18, 2010 10:46:00 am
- eurologist said...
As others have alluded to, seems to me that the "Basque element" is simply largely spread throughout Iberia - and why shouldn't it be?
- Thursday, February 18, 2010 1:29:00 pm
- eurologist said...
"Pools from the following 10 regions were prepared: Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias, Catalonia, Castilla-León, Castilla-la Mancha, Valencia, East Andalusia and Murcia, West Andalusia, Extremadura and Balearic Islands (see Figure S1). All pools were created using 30 individuals..."
F_STs seem to be largely between 0.013 and 0.017. There are a couple of 0.012 and 0.018, one 0.019 - all outside of the Basque comparison. Basque comparison to others is between 0.014 and 0.017 - that is, slightly closer than non-Basques among themselves. - Thursday, February 18, 2010 1:36:00 pm
- Maju said...
"Maju, can you tell me more about the criticisms regarding FST?"
Not really, I'm just echoing previous criticisms appeared at comments at this blog in relation to other studies (not about Basques), which seemed reasonable to me when I read them. You will have to search them yourself.
"I thought Maju was going to say all Northrern Spaniards are in reality Basques or Proto-Basques who lost their language"...
It's possible in some cases but I just don't know or could back it with hard evidence.
Anyhow, I understand that the historical Basque core area is Aquitaine and hence comparing with Iberians is generally going to produce rather distinctive results. That's also why I'm interested in more extensive and detailed sampling of French, specially Occitans (South French).
"Vascoiberismo? Iberian language was somehow related to Euskera?"
As I was just mentioning in a private email conversation this relation is not well established and in any case should date to the Epipaleolithic/Neolithic period.
"Not really, since that study tested only a sample of 8 Basques and Spaniards only from Valencia".
I did not notice before that the Spaniards of that study are from Valencia but that doesn't make them least valid, specially as they show only limited relation with Greece in a secondary component and instead they make up their own distinctive cluster. Valencians even show some amount of "Pyrenean" R1b1b2a1a2c, which is almost null among Western Iberians.
Valencians are also the archetypal Iberians, not just in the historical Iberian sense but also in the Paleolithic, Epipaleolithic and Neolithic sense: all these phenomenons are centered around the Southern Valencian Country in the distinctive Iberian province (Iberian peninsula minus the Cantabrian strip, more related to Southern France instead, at least most of the time).
So I think that the difference stands, though maybe can be less clear cut if you take many samples from areas near the Basque Country/Pyrenees.
"What they're saying is that the supposed distinctiveness of Basques in these individual traditional systems doesn't hold up when we look at dense microarray data (thousands of markers)".
Well, a Basque-only autosomal cluster at K=5 in a pan-European study (Bauchet again: 10,000 autosomal SNPs) is a clear signal of distinctiveness to me. And even more as Basques were only 8 individuals (small sample, which can't bias the results).
Anyhow, I was looking at Tian 2009, who also uses Fst distances (and also fails to sample any French) and while the closest population to Basques by this measure are Spaniards (0.0060), Basques are not the closest population to Spaniards but Germans (0.0015), Tuscans (0.0023), East Europeans (0.0033), Irish (0.0037) and Swedes (0.0065).
So it looks like, in comparison, Basques are still somewhat apart. - Thursday, February 18, 2010 1:36:00 pm
- Maju said...
Erratum: "... and Swedes (0.0065)" should read "... and Swedes (0.0055)".
Also, I notice that the second closest group to Basques are Germans (0.0079), not much more distant than Spaniards, reinforcing my impression that French, in particular SW Fench (Gascons and others) should be much closer than Iberians. - Thursday, February 18, 2010 1:41:00 pm
- eurologist said...
Actually, "closer" is not the right word: I should have said "more homogeneous distance" or something like that.
Extremadura has the largest F_STs tot he others, averaging about 0.017 (between 0.015 and 0.019). - Thursday, February 18, 2010 1:41:00 pm
- Structure said...
onur said...
"Structure, can you name the populations you used with reference to their test number and population size?"
ID with population size in parenthesis
40 (61) Caucasians North Americans (non Ashkenazis)
41 (6) Finns
50 (30) French - HGDP
51 (24) Basques - HGDP
52 (4) South Italians
53 (9) Central Italians (Tuscans) - HGDP
54 (13) North Italians (Bergamese) - HGDP
55 (16) Orcadians - HGDP
56 (25) Russians - HGDP
57 (17) Adygei - HGDP
58 (4) Turks
60 (38) Ashkenazis
The SNPs used for this anaysis are the ones selected by Tian 2009 in his last study "European Population Genetic Substructure"
These 3519 Euro SNPs were selected by Tian because of their relatively large allele frequency differences between different European groups. They are currently the most accurate for Intra European analysis and much more effective than thousands of random SNPs used by previous European studies. They also appear to be almost as effective than 500.000 SNPs, but their bigest avantage is that we can use much larger samples in STRUCTURE. - Thursday, February 18, 2010 8:51:00 pm
- Kepler said...
Actually, I always thought I could recognize many Basques from other Spaniards, even Northern Spaniards: there is a certain nose form, eyes and eyebrows that tend to come up very frequently there unlike in Galicia or Asturias or even less in places as castilla or elsewhere.
- Friday, February 19, 2010 11:03:00 am
- Onur Dincer said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- Friday, February 19, 2010 3:27:00 pm
- Onur Dincer said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- Friday, February 19, 2010 3:31:00 pm
- Onur Dincer said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- Friday, February 19, 2010 3:36:00 pm
- Onur Dincer said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- Friday, February 19, 2010 4:06:00 pm
- Onur Dincer said...
Thanks, Structure. Looking at the graph, if we assume that Basques are a good representative of whole Iberians, three major clusters appear in Europe: North European (red), West Mediterranean (blue) and East Mediterranean (green).
Iberians on one side and Turks (and probably also Greeks) on the other side constitute the opposite ends of the West Med and East Med spectrum respectively, being almost totally composed of their main clusters.
North and Central Italians are somewhere between West Meds and East Meds with a nonnegligible North European admixture. South Italians are almost indistinguishable from East Meds, confirming historical narratives of Greek colonialism there.
As to West and Central North Europeans, they are mainly North European with significant Med admixture (mainly West Med). Northeastern Europeans, on the other hand, having less means of access to Southern Europe than West and Central North Europeans, have very insignificant Med admixture, and as such, they represent the extreme end of the North European cluster.
Ashkenazis seem to preserve most of their original East Mediterranean (not exclusively Middle Eastern, they may have significant Northeastern Mediterranean roots (google Jewish proselytism in the Roman Empire (especially in the east) in pagan era)) genetic heritage, with a relatively small European admixture during their long stay in Northern Europe. - Friday, February 19, 2010 4:07:00 pm
- miz RAND BLOWTON said...
I never thought the Basques were different from many other authentic Spaniards,I just thought the Basques had wanted to maintain their own culture.And culture can make a person very different...depending on what it is you like to do or have been doing for many years,or choose to do.
- Sunday, February 21, 2010 1:40:00 am


text: POPLARVILLE – Former Columbus State University (Ga.) head coach Doug Branson has joined the Pearl River Community College men''s basketball staff, says PRCC head coach and athletic director Richard Mathis.Branson boasts 11 years of senior college experience – all at Division II CSU located in Columbus, Ga. He had served as head coach of the Cougars'' program since 2006."We (PRCC) had big list of impressive applicants for the assistant''s position," Mathis said. "But Doug topped that list and I feel he''s going to do a great job for us."Branson succeeds Trevor Lydic who resigned the post last spring to accept a position at Union University, an NAIA school in Jackson, Tenn. Lydic served as a Wildcat assistant the past three seasons.Branson spent the 1995-96 season at Wallace Community College in Dothan, Ala., before serving as a volunteer coach at Zion Chapel High School in Zion Hill, Ala., from 1996 through 1998. After earning his bachelor of science degree in mathematics at Troy State University in 1997, he joined the Columbus State ranks in 1999 and served as a graduate assistant coach through the 2000 season.In the 2001-2002 season, he was named a full-time men''s assistant and served in that capacity until he was hired as head coach in 2006. In addition, Branson was CSU''s cross country coach from 2002 until 2003.He earned his master''s degree in public administration at CSU in 2005.Branson successfully recruited 26 junior college athletes to Columbus State who earned All-American, All-Region, All-Conference, or All-State honors while in the Juco ranks. In 2002, he recruited former Wildcat All-American Yandell Brown who went on to earn All-Peach Belt Conference and Peach Belt Conference Player of the Year honors. Brown played for PRCC in 2001-2002 and the 2002-2003 state championship season."Our goal is to repeat as state champions this coming year and Coach Branson is going to be a key cog in our getting there," said Mathis, who has won five state titles over his last 19 years as PRCC''s head coach.Mathis also won a women''s state and Region 23 championship at East Mississippi in Scooba and a men''s state title at Northeast Mississippi in Booneville.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Nokia Lumia 920 takes away 12 media awards in 2012
2012 has been an important year for Nokia and Microsoft. Windows Phone 8 was released with new hardware from Samsung, HTC and of course Nokia. The Lumia 920, 8X and ATIV S are three flagship Windows Phones that represent the best from each company regarding design, specifications and the overall experience. But just how well has the Lumia 920 been received by the media?
We understand the handset has been popular with consumers, particularly with all the 'sold out' and lack of stock coverage we published on-site late last year. Not only were carriers experiencing issues with maintaining stock levels to meet demand, but retailers themselves were too hit with unexpected levels of interest from consumers. It's still uncertain whether this was due to sheer levels of demand, or simply Nokia not being able to produce enough.
So that's consumers retailers an carriers out the way, what about the media? According to a blog post over at Nokia, the Lumia 920 has taken away 12 awards in the year of 2012. So who thought the device was worthy of an award and / or recognition?
- V3.co.uk - Top Smartphone
- Gizmodo Australia - Best Mobile Phone of 2012, Readers Choice Award
- International Forum Design, Germany - iF Award for Outstanding Design
- Mobile Magazine, Denmark - Mobil Award for Best Smartphone Design
- The Next Web - Best Smartphones of 2012
- Mobil, Sweden - Top Score Award
- CNET - The Best High End Smartphones
- Arstechnic - Best Productivity Phone, Best Camera Phone, Best Mapping Phone
- Mashable - Top 25 Tech of 2012
- Mybroadband, South Africa - Top Smartphone of the Year
- BGR - Best AT&T Smartphone
The previous generation of Lumia Windows Phones were also awarded titles, including a number from CES 2012 and IDEA Design awards. The polycarbonate design is attractive and has turned many heads indeed. The advanced features and functionality present on the Lumia 920 will further increase the appeal of such hardware to consumers, which can only be good for Windows Phone.
Bring on 2013.
Source: Nokia, via: WMPU
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text:
Buffalo borders Canada and is one of the United States' top gateways for international trade.
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Toronto is less than a two-hour drive from Buffalo. The cultural, entertainment and financial capital of Canada, Toronto is also the country's largest city, with more than 2.7 million residents.


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text:
If you have questions or doubts about ISO 9001 or ISO 14001 you can schedule a Zoom conversation and maybe I can help - View.
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"the world is an uncertain place no matter how many Greek letter equations you affix to a problem."
"You never change things by fighting existing reality. To change s.th., build a new model making the existing model obsolete"
"No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical."
"Success is not a destination. It's the trail you leave behind you."
"Winners make a habit of manufacturing their own positive expectations in advance of the event."
"You've got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology – not the other way around"
"Strategy as the "smallest set of - intended or actual - choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions."
"When something is commoditized, an adjacent market becomes valuable"
"nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals"
"There aren't any textbooks on what to stop doing!"
"With great power comes great irresponsibility "
"Weird things happen when you take price out of the equation for consumers"
"'It's so damn complex. If you ever think you have the solution to this, you're wrong and you're dangerous.'"
"Saruman believes it is only great power that can hold evil in check, but that is not what I have found. I found it is the small everyday deeds of ordinary folk that keep the darkness at bay. Small acts of kindness and love."
"Increasing stuff that doesn't add value dilutes existing value."
"O federalismo não é a alternativa à troika, é a troika para sempre."
"Never underestimate the difficulty of changing false beliefs by facts"
"Stressors are information"
"If you hear a "prominent" economist using the word 'equilibrium,' or 'normal distribution,' do not argue with him; just ignore him, or try to put a rat down his shirt."
"The advantage of experiences over things for most of us is that we can make them seem unique, which = scarce, which = value"
"Pedras no caminho?
Guardo todas, um dia vou construir um castelo"
"Without risk, faith is an impossibility."
"Não posso com quem vive a achar que os outros lhe devem sempre alguma coisa."
"In a world of increasing automation, our ability to perform tasks is not nearly as important as our ability to dream. The questions we need to ask are not ones of action, but ones of meaning"
"Me arrancam tudo a força e depois me chamam de contribuinte."
"Letting people vote for expensive programs that "somebody else" will finance is a good recipe for getting people to vote irresponsibly"
"what's fairness gotta do with pricing based in value?"
"The epic battle of our generation is between the status quo of mass and the never-ceasing tide of weird."
"Price is emotional"
"There will always be a reason why you can't pursue it, until competitors create a reason why you must."
"The most important thing to study is opening theory"
"The greater the contrast, the greater the potential"
"Customers don't care about your solution, they care about their problems."
"Todos querem conhecer a verdade, mas o que desejam é que lhes contem uma mentira em que não sejam protagonistas."
"Execution efficiency strangles innovation in the crib, but not with malice, by default."
"Our obsession with scalability is getting in the way of unleashing the potential of the 21st century."
"The system is optimized to mitigate risk, not create value"
"Champions are made when no one is looking"
"Don't bargain on value. Half as expensive is often twice as cheap."
"Customers care about outcomes, not effort, technology, or originality."
"You don't have to pick between 1) playing the game and 2) not playing the game. You can *change* the game."
""The first principle is that you must not fool yourself and you are the easiest person to fool." "


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eBay lists AT&T Windows Phone 8 devices with November 9th release, confirms low pricing
Good news for those on AT&T eagerly awaiting the Nokia Lumia 920 or HTC 8X as eBay/Best Buy have the devices listed with pricing and "expected availability" date. And yes, you can now order them too.
The new date is November 9th, which fits in the idea that AT&T is really scrambling to get these phones out the door. Originally we heard early November and then later November 4th. News came forward recently that it had been pushed back and seeing as AT&T did not reveal any information at Monday's event, it made sense that this was in "motion".
Of course since AT&T has still not officially announced pricing and availability, all of this is subject to change.
On the pricing front there are a few interesting tidbits. For one, the option of 8GB or 16GB versions of the HTC 8X is confirmed with the former fetching for $99 and the 16GB variant going for an extra $50 at $149.99. The bad news is there are only two colors: California Blue at 16GB and Limelight Yellow for the 8GB version, also confirming that Verizon has an "exclusive" on the Red HTC 8X.
Probably the best news is saved for the Nokia Lumia 920, which is available in five colors: Cyan, Yellow, Red, White and Black. For those of you like matte colors, you'll want to opt for Cyan and Black. The pricing though is now confirmed at a very reasonable $150 for the top-tier device on contract.
Un-activated/no contract pricing for the Lumia 920 is $599. The 16GB HTC 8x meanwhile is more, sitting at $649.99 and the 8GB matching the 920 at $599. Seeing as the Lumia 920 comes with a full 32GB of storage, larger screen and that PureView camera, the financial incentive is to go with that phone over the HTC 8X—even on contract. Still, the decision for many will depend on preference and both phones hold their own.
And yes, our review of the AT&T Lumia 920 is forthcoming. Sit tight.
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All the latest news, reviews, and guides for Windows and Xbox diehards.
Update/Pro-tip: Use promo code EBSAVE25 and save 25% or $150 off your pre-order!
Update 2: Ebay has put the site under maintenance. We're not sure if they put these up too early, didn't want people using a coupon or just normal fixes. We'll keep you posted.
Update 3: eBay/Best Buy is back up but alas, while the HTC 8X is still there for ordering, the Lumia 920 is not. We placed our order for one too, but no word if deliveries will still be honored for that "expected" date. Seeing as that wording is ambiguous, we're not betting on it.
Source: eBay; Thanks, Josue M., for the tip!
Daniel Rubino is the Editor-in-chief of Windows Central. He is also the head reviewer, podcast co-host, and analyst. He has been covering Microsoft since 2007, when this site was called WMExperts (and later Windows Phone Central). His interests include Windows, laptops, next-gen computing, and watches. He has been reviewing laptops since 2015 and is particularly fond of 2-in-1 convertibles, ARM processors, new form factors, and thin-and-light PCs. Before all this tech stuff, he worked on a Ph.D. in linguistics, watched people sleep (for medical purposes!), and ran the projectors at movie theaters because it was fun.


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An endowment gift to Murray State University today provides a brighter picture for our future. When you make a donation to our endowment, you give a gift with both immediate and long-term benefits.
Endowment donations are invested. A portion of the annual income from the investment is used to address immediate needs at Murray State University Foundation. The remaining funds are reinvested to ensure indefinite support.
Start Paying It Forward
View and download your FREE copy of Endowments: A Gift That Lasts Forever.
View My GuideAn Example of How It Works
Longtime supporters Susan and Charlie have two goals: First, they want to make sure Murray State University Foundation continues to receive support after they're gone. Second, they want to memorialize Charlie's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Jones.
Susan and Charlie make a $25,000 donation to Murray State University Foundation, which we invest, and each year, a portion of the income from the invested money will be used to support our mission in honor of the Joneses. Plus, Susan and Charlie qualify for a federal income tax charitable deduction on their taxes.
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Download My FREE Personal Estate Planning KitInformation contained herein was accurate at the time of posting. The information on this website is not intended as legal or tax advice. For such advice, please consult an attorney or tax advisor. Figures cited in any examples are for illustrative purposes only. References to tax rates include federal taxes only and are subject to change. State law may further impact your individual results. California residents: Annuities are subject to regulation by the State of California. Payments under such agreements, however, are not protected or otherwise guaranteed by any government agency or the California Life and Health Insurance Guarantee Association. Oklahoma residents: A charitable gift annuity is not regulated by the Oklahoma Insurance Department and is not protected by a guaranty association affiliated with the Oklahoma Insurance Department. South Dakota residents: Charitable gift annuities are not regulated by and are not under the jurisdiction of the South Dakota Division of Insurance.


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Uncle says older bombing suspect 'used' brother
BOSTON (AP) - Tamerlan Tsarnaev ranted at a neighbor about Islam and the United States. His younger brother, Dzhokhar, relished debating people on religion...
BOSTON (AP) — Tamerlan Tsarnaev ranted at a neighbor about Islam and the United States. His younger brother, Dzhokhar, relished debating people on religion, "then crushing their beliefs with facts."
The older brother sought individual glory in the boxing ring, while the younger excelled as part of a team. Tamerlan "swaggered" through the family home like a "man-of-the-house type," one visitor recalls, while Dzhokhar seemed "very respectful and very obedient" to his mother.
The brothers, now forever linked in the Boston Marathon bombing, in some ways seemed as different as siblings could be. But whatever drove them to allegedly set off two deadly pressure-cooker bombs, their uncle is certain Dzhokhar was not the one pulling the strings.
"He's not been understanding anything. He's a 19-year-old boy," Ruslan Tsarni said of his brother's youngest child, who was clinging to life in a Boston hospital Saturday after a gun battle with police. "He's been absolutely wasted by his older brother. I mean, he used him. He used him for whatever he's done. For what we see they've done, OK?"
Criminologist James Alan Fox said the uncle's intuition is justified. In cases like this, he said, it is highly unusual for the younger participant — in this case, a sibling — to be the leader.
"I would be surprised," said Fox, the Lipman Professor of Criminology, Law and Public Policy at Boston's Northeastern University. "Very surprised."
When the bullets began flying Thursday night and 26-year-old Tamerlan went down, his younger brother ran him over — dragging him for about 30 feet (9 meters) — before ditching the car and fleeing on foot. After a 24-hour manhunt that shut down most of the Boston metropolitan area, police cornered the gravely wounded Dzhokhar hiding in a boat in a backyard only blocks from where his brother was taken.
Officials said Dzhokhar was in serious condition, unable to communicate. So, at least for now, investigators and the public are left with an enigma.
The ethnic Chechen family came to the U.S. in 2002, after fleeing troubles in Kyrgyzstan and then Dagestan, a predominantly Muslim republic in Russia's North Caucasus. They settled in a working-class part of Cambridge, where father Anzor Tsarnaev opened an auto shop. He returned to Dagestan about a year ago.
Luis Vasquez, a candidate for the Cambridge City Council, went to school with Tamerlan and later helped coach Dzhokhar's school soccer team. With the father gone, Vasquez said the older brother assumed a kind of paternal role, at least where the girls in the family were concerned.
"He was very protective of his (younger) sister, Bella," Vasquez said. "He would keep an eye out, making sure she's good, making sure she's not having a hard time."
Vasquez attributed it to "his culture" and "what his family expected out of him."
David Mijares, who trained in boxing with Tamerlan in school and later coached the younger brother in soccer, says his friend opened up about his hardships in Russia. He agreed that Tamerlan felt pressure to be the man of the house.
"He had to be a man at a very early age," said Mijares, who himself considered Tamerlan a mentor. "That would be, in my opinion, a huge reason for who he was, all serious and no nonsense."
John Pinto said the pair were frequent patrons at his Midwest Grill, a couple of blocks from their house. When they walked in, he said, Tamerlan was always in the lead.
"I think the big brother is more the command guy, boss," Pinto said, puffing out his chest for emphasis.
That said, Dzhokhar was very much his own man. While he would tag along to Tamerlan's boxing practices, the younger brother was into wrestling.
In one of his tweets, he complained that his mother was trying to arrange a marriage for him, as she'd done for his sisters.
"she needs to (hash)chillout," he tweeted on July 12. "i'll find my own honey."
Tamerlan preceded his brother at the prestigious Cambridge Rindge and Latin High School, which counts celebrities Matt Damon and Ben Affleck among its alumni. But he does not appear to have been a standout student and athlete whose reputation Dzhokhar would have felt pressure to live up to.
"To be perfectly honest, I did not know he HAD an older brother from the start," said classmate Alexandros Stefanakis, who hung out with Dzhokhar outside school.
Anne Kilzer would go to the Tsarnaev home for regular facials from the boys' mother, Zubeidat. She said the older brother was a "macho guy," whereas Dzhokhar seemed more cerebral.
The few times that Tamerlan was there, he would wave his mother off when she tried to introduce him. "He sort of swaggered through," she said. "Sort of a man-of-the-house type."
In a blog entry, Kilzer's daughter, Alyssa, suggested that the mother became increasingly religious as their acquaintance progressed. She began wearing a hijab, the traditional Muslim headscarf.
"She started to refuse to see boys that had gone through puberty, as she had consulted a religious figure and he had told her it was sacrilegious," Alyssa Kilzer wrote. "She was often fasting. She told me that she had cried for days when her oldest son, Tamerlan, told her that he wanted to move out, going against her culture's tradition of the son staying in the house with the mother until marriage."
She said the mother also expressed some rather strident views about the U.S. government. But it was difficult to know who was influencing whom in the household.
"During this facial session she started quoting a conspiracy theory, telling me that she thought 9/11 was purposefully created by the American government to make America hate Muslims," Kilzer wrote. "'It's real,' she said. 'My son knows all about it. You can read on the internet.'"
Kilzer didn't say which son the mother was talking about. Kilzer was studying in Scotland and could not immediately be reached.
Tsarni told The Associated Press from his home in Maryland that a deep rift opened between him and his sister-in-law, but that he tried to maintain a relationship with the boys. However, that effort began to fall apart several years ago, he said, when Tamerlan "started carrying all this nonsense associated with religion, with Islamic religion."
When he asked his older nephew why he wasn't in school, he said Tamerlan gave an enigmatic answer. "Oh, I'm in God's business," the young man replied.
Tamerlan would throw out foreign words like "jihad" and "Inshallah" — Arabic for "God willing" — without really understanding their meaning, he said. Though Tsarni is himself Muslim, he said he does not worship at a mosque.
The uncle was surprised when he learned that Tamerlan had gotten married to an American woman — a "good Christian family girl," who his nephew said was about to convert to Islam.
In February, Alexander Podobryaev, who lives a couple of houses from the Tsarnaevs, exchanged pleasantries with Tamerlan as they shoveled snow. He said the man pointed to a woman in a black Muslim headscarf and identified her as his wife.
Others began noticing signs of Tamerlan's increasing agitation.
One of the brothers' neighbors, Albrecht Ammon, said he had a bizarre encounter with Tamerlan in a pizza shop about three months ago. The older brother argued with him about U.S. foreign policy, the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and religion.
He said Tamerlan referred to the Bible as a "cheap copy" of the Quran and that many of this country's wars "are based upon the Bible — how it's an excuse to invade other countries."
"He had nothing against the American people," Ammon said. "He had something against the American government."
Dzhokhar, on the other hand, was "real cool," Ammon said. "A chill guy."
An elder at the Islamic Society of Boston Cultural Center said Tamerlan occasionally attended Friday prayer services at the mosque over the past year and a half.
About three months ago, around Martin Luther King Day, Tamerlan stood up and interrupted the imam during the sermon, said Anwar Kazmi, a board member of the Islamic Society. The imam had compared the slain civil rights leader to the Prophet Muhammed, drawing objections from Tamerlan, Kazmi said.
Mosque leaders later sat down with Tamerlan and discussed his rant, said Kazmi, who said Tamerlan returned to future services and had no further outbursts.
While his older brother was railing about religion and world politics, Dzhokhar seemed more interested in the HBO series "Game of Thrones" and other television shows.
"Breaking Bad taught me how to dispose of a corpse," he tweeted on Jan. 16, referring to the popular AMC series about a dying chemistry teacher who turns to cooking methamphetamine to leave money for his family.
He did tweet about religion, but they were hardly the words of a hard-core zealot.
"This night deserves Hennessy a bad b—- and an o of weed," he wrote on Nov. 17. "the holy trinity"
On Nov. 29, he wrote: "I kind of like religious debates, just hearing what other people believe is interesting and then crushing their beliefs with facts is fun." And on Jan. 15: "I don't argue with fools who say Islam is terrorism it's not worth a thing, let an idiot remain an idiot."
However, he acknowledged in another message around Christmas that the "Brothers at the mosque either think I'm a convert or that I'm from Algeria or Syria."
Fox said it's not unheard of for the younger person in a crime team to be the dominant personality. But he said it's rare.
"In this case, the older brother is the one that seems to have become religious and drawn to Islam," Fox said. "The older brother dropped out of school … whereas the younger brother, it was all positives."
But, he said, "the age factor is critical here."
Tamerlan was a fairly gifted boxer, but he preened about fighting prowess that often fell far short. His younger brother seemed content to be part of a team.
Marvin Salazar was two years older than Dzhokhar when they attended Community Charter Schools of Cambridge, where they played soccer together. He was impressed by the younger boy's smarts and drive but noted that while Dzhokhar was very fast, he wasn't the kind of kid who needed to showboat and score goals.
"I remember he told me he liked to play midfield," the 21-year-old said. "He's the guy who sets everybody up for the plays. He's one of the most important people."
Tamerlan once said he had no American friends. His brother had lots of them, but fellow students at UMass-Dartmouth say he had increasingly taken to hanging out with other Russians.
On March 14, 2012, Dzhokhar tweeted: "a decade in america already, i want out" That same day, he added, "im trying to grow a beard"
Dzhokhar became naturalized last September, federal officials told the AP. His older brother had a green card but may have been thwarted in his quest for U.S. citizenship by an assault charge, his father told The New York Times.
If Tamerlan recorded his thoughts, they have not yet surfaced — at least publicly. His bother left a trail on the Internet.
In March, Dzhokhar tweeted: "Evil triumphs when good men do nothing." A week and a half earlier, he reminded his followers, "Never underestimate the rebel with a cause."
The day of the bombing, he wrote: "There are people that know the truth but stay silent & there are people that speak the truth but we don't hear them cuz they're the minority"
Tsarni was confident authorities will find that Tamerlan was his younger brother's "mentor."
"Dzhokhar, of course, was looking up at him," he said.
In one of the now infamous photos the FBI released to the public in hopes of tips, the older brother has his head down, the visor pulled low over his face as if he's trying to hide. Dzhokhar, by contrast, has his white baseball cap turned backwards, revealing his entire face, his chin is thrust confidently into the air.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press.


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My belly is still recovering from overindulging in a delicious Thanksgiving feast. How about yours? Every year I am shocked to be hungry in the days after Thanksgiving. But here I am, back in the kitchen, ready for more.
Speaking of thanks, topping my list of things to be thankful for this year (and the list is long!) is... my mom is healthy and cancer-free after a very scary couple of months. I continue to be awed by her strength, attitude, grace, and resilience. When I brought her home after her second surgery last month, I told her I'd cook anything she craved. She wanted pesto. The sweet, funky, grocery store in her little town doesn't always stock pine nuts, but they did have some really good, roasted, organic pistachios from a farm nearby. I was inspired. I whipped up some chunky, rustic, and super flavorful pesto for my hungry mom. I was sure to pack in an extra dose of love in this meal knowing how essential every bite is to her healing process. She wolfed down her bowl of pistachio pesto pasta and continued to crave and eat bowls of pesto pasta for days. I was so honored to feed my mom.
I've been playing around with this recipe ever since. I tried adding some lemon zest and that didn't work. I substituted parsley for basil - success. I thought sweet and nutty Piave would be a great partner to the standard Parmesan and it was. I also ended up loving the addition of whole pistachios, leaves of parsley, and extra grated cheese to be scattered over the platted pesto pasta - the varied texture of the deconstructed pesto elements gives this classic a refreshing new life.
Like pretty much all of the recipes I share with you, this one is only as good as its ingredients. The pistachios need to be flavorful, the parsley fresh and perky, and the cheese delicious. I hope this recipe nourishes you as it did my mom.
INGREDIENTS (printable recipe)
- pasta of your liking
- 3/4 cup pistachios, roasted (or if raw follow my roasting suggestions below)
- 2 cups loosely packed Italian parsley leaves
- 1/4 cup finely grated Piave (if you cannot find Piave, you can just use Parmesan)
- 1/4 cup finely grated Parmesan (plus some extra for the table)
- 2 cloves garlic, pressed or finely chopped
- 1/2-3/4 cup olive oil
- sea salt and black pepper to taste
Heat a large pot of pasta water while you make the pesto.
If you are using raw pistachios, do the following.... Heat a skillet over medium heat on the stove top. Toss in the raw pistachios and give them a shake occasionally to ensure even browning. It should take about 5-7 minutes to toast the pistachios this way. Set pistachios aside to cool to room temp before using. They will firm up a bit as they cool to room temp.
For garnish later, set aside 1/4 cup roasted whole pistachios, 1/4 cup flat leaf parsley, 1/4 cup mixed grated cheeses.
Get out your blender. Place remaining pistachios in the blender and pulse until the nuts are very coarsely chopped. (I think this coarse texture really makes the dish). Add remaining parsley leaves and pulse again a few times to blend. Add just enough olive oil to make the mixture move - about 1/2 cup. Add garlic, remaining cheese, salt, and freshly ground black pepper. Barely blend in order to preserve that coarse texture. Taste to see if you'd like additional salt or pepper. Add if needed.
Cook your pasta.
Scoop pesto onto piles of warm pasta. Scatter a few whole pistachios and parsley leaves over each plate. Pass the grated cheese, salt, pepper grinder, and even a little dish with extra pesto.


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Saturday, January 8, 2011
Pink Grapefruit Salad Dressing - Pink Saturday
From the kitchen of One Perfect Bite...Grapefruit is a common ingredient in my winter kitchen. Bob and I drink grapefruit juice the way some folks drink soda, so I always have a supply of it available. We also love the fruit and serve it fresh out of hand for snacking and winter salads. While I've had no medical training, my own experience has convinced me that grapefruit helps prevent water retention. That belief, justified or not, has cemented my loyalty to the tart citrus and keeps it on my favorite's list. Several years ago I was asked to make a salad for a bridal luncheon. Having said yes, I wanted the salad to be especially beautiful and add color and flavor to an otherwise creamy meal. I made composed citrus salads for each of the tables. My plan was to have the salads tossed at the tables just before they were to be served. I wanted the salad dressing used to toss the salads to be as beautiful as the salads themselves. I think we did O.K. The salad dressing I'm featuring today is the one I developed for that bridal luncheon and I think you'll enjoy its brightness. I know you'll love its color. Here's the recipe.
Pink Grapefruit Salad Dressing...from the kitchen of One Perfect Bite
1/3 cup ruby red grapefruit juice
2 tablespoon white wine vinegar
1/2 cup canola oil
1/2 teaspoon grated lemon zest
1 teaspoon grated orange zest
1/2 teaspoon Dijon mustard
1/4 teaspoon Kosher salt
1/8 teaspoon pepper
1 teaspoon lightly colored honey or honey to taste
Combine juice, vinegar, oil, orange and lemon zest, mustard, salt, pepper and honey in bowl of a food processor. Pulse to combine. Pour into a cruet and chill well before serving. Yield: 1 cup.
One Year Ago Today: Hong Kong-Style Broccoli
Two Years Ago Today: Dutch Baby with Spiced Peaches
You might also enjoy these recipes:
Honey Mustard Salad Dressing - Stylish Cuisine
Homemade Catalina Salad Dressings - For the Love of Food
Greek Salad Dressing - I Made Toast
Light and Creamy Avocado Buttermilk Salad Dressing = Mother Rimmy's Cooking Light Done Right
Celery Seed Dressing - 400 Calories or Less
Russian Salad Dressing - The Parsley Thief
Honey Dijon Vinaigrette - Our Life in the Kitchen
Balsamic Vinaigrette - Closet Cooking
This post is being linked to:
Pink Saturday, sponsored by Beverly at How Sweet the Sound.
51 comments :
- Banana Wonder said...
Mmmm mmmm love the pink juice! It must be such a nice twist to salads. I usually take mine with vodka. :)
- January 8, 2011 at 12:04 AM
- Red Nomad OZ said...
Here in Australia I can have the best of both the grapefruit & soda worlds because local company Bundaberg has made a sparkling pink grapefruit drink! Just FAAAAABULOUS for summer!! It's as beautiful as your dressing!!
Stay warm over there - pretty easy here in the middle of a heatwave! - January 8, 2011 at 12:14 AM
- Annesphamily said...
Yummy!Pink grapefruit is a perfect Pink Saturday post. Thanks for sharing and reminding me of a favorite I enjoy too!
- January 8, 2011 at 12:31 AM
- Midwest Elle said...
Just seeing the title of this post made my mouth water. MUST try this soon!
- January 8, 2011 at 12:34 AM
- Tia said...
Hi Mary :)
You are such a sweetheart! Thank you for your super nice comment on my blog. It made my day :)
Have a great weekend.
Your salad dressing looks so fresh and delish! take care, Tia - January 8, 2011 at 12:37 AM
I love grapefruit. And in a dressing it has to be delicious, and I think it makes a great alternative to your typical vinaigrette. Thanks for sharing it!
- January 8, 2011 at 12:40 AM
- Angie's Recipes said...
The dressing must have tasted really good and refreshing.
Have a wonderful weekend!
Angie - January 8, 2011 at 1:14 AM
- Monet said...
We have such wonderful grapefruits here in Texas. During the winter months, Ryan and I eat at least one a day! This salad dressing looks and sounds so refreshing. Thank you for sharing this with me. I hope your weekend bursts forth in joy and hope!
- January 8, 2011 at 1:15 AM
- Ginny Hartzler said...
This is beautiful and looks so good! Unfortunately we cannot eat anything with grapefruit of any kind in it because we take statin drugs. So I have to settle with my pink grapefruit soap, the scent is so good! But I saw your dressings on the botton, and clicked on the honey mustard. I usually make my own dressings, and I make this one, but not this particular recipe. I've printed it and can't wait to try it, which will be in a few days.
- January 8, 2011 at 1:16 AM
- Chiara said...
Wonderful recipe Mary , the color is so lovely,is perfect for Pink Saturday post!
A few months ago I posted a good jam, take a look, I think you'll like,have a nice weekend, blessings...
http://chiara-lavogliamatta.blogspot.com/2010/05/marmellata-di-pompelmi-al-brandy.html - January 8, 2011 at 3:00 AM
- Lynn said...
This looks beautiful!
- January 8, 2011 at 5:57 AM
- Rachana said...
That dressing looks so beautiful...must have tasted really good.
Have a lovely weekend! - January 8, 2011 at 6:17 AM
- penny aka jeroxie said...
I definitely love the colour. Just like a blushing bride :)
- January 8, 2011 at 7:46 AM
- Schnitzel and the Trout said...
I have got to try this dressing. It is beautiful, and we live in a neighborhood bulging with grapefruit and orange trees. A happy memory is the pink grapefruit gelatto in Italy. (smile)
- January 8, 2011 at 7:54 AM
- Yvonne @ StoneGable said...
This is a keeper! What a great dressing. I love fruit with salad and I have made a lemon and orange dressing but never thought to use grapefruit. And the color is sooooo pretty!
YUMMY! I am putting this salad on the StoneGable menu next week. Look for a link back to your post.
Thanks! I can just imagine it is "one perfect bite"!
Yvonne - January 8, 2011 at 8:40 AM
- Lauren said...
This sounds great! I love grapefruit, but never really think to buy it.
I think I have that same glass cruet too. :) - January 8, 2011 at 8:48 AM
- Diane said...
I love grapefruit, I would never thought of using it as a salsd dressing, brilliant idea. Diane
- January 8, 2011 at 8:57 AM
- Jamie said...
Happy New Year, dear Mary! I grew up along the Indian River in Florida and every winter I ate loads of grapefruit simply sprinkled with sugar and drank gallons upon gallons of grapefruit juice and love it! And this dressing is so fabulous! I make an orange vinaigrette but I love the idea of the tanginess of the juice in this. Perfect!
- January 8, 2011 at 9:22 AM
- The Chef In My Head said...
You're right Mary, the color is beautiful and the flavor combiniations sound right on spot! ~Leslie
- January 8, 2011 at 10:57 AM
- From the Kitchen said...
How many meals do you think are inspired by a salad dressing? I'll let you know in a few weeks.
Grapefruit juice is our drink of choice. And, occasionally we enjoy a pink grapefruit Izze.
Have a good weekend!
Bonnie - January 8, 2011 at 11:20 AM
- Satya said...
It is so interesting to know pink grapefruit is used for salad ... it is a interesting twist
- January 8, 2011 at 12:13 PM
- Jayanthy Kumaran said...
wow...love d color...lovely presentation...
Tasty appetite - January 8, 2011 at 12:22 PM
- scrambledhenfruit said...
I love grapefruit juice- especially pink- but hubby's not allowed to drink it. Your dressing is so pretty and pink! I know I'd love it. :)
- January 8, 2011 at 12:28 PM
- Emily Z said...
Yum, what a nice taste to imagine on a salad. Sounds like something my sister would make. She is the salad queen in our family, she always brings delicious salads to family gatherings!
- January 8, 2011 at 1:19 PM
- Christo Gonzales said...
I use grapefruit as a secret ingredient often- this dressing sounds very good.
- January 8, 2011 at 1:45 PM
- Elaine said...
We feel the same way about grapefruit around here and here in Phoenix fresh grapefruit is so plentiful this time of year. Can't wait to try this dressing. :)
- January 8, 2011 at 1:54 PM
- Lindsay said...
What a great way to keep fresh citrus in your diet during the winter! I will certainly be making this one.
- January 8, 2011 at 2:42 PM
- Lindsay said...
What a great way to keep fresh citrus in your diet during the winter! I will certainly be making this one.
- January 8, 2011 at 2:42 PM
- D said...
Beautiful dressing, Mary, and one of my favorites, grapefruit, ruby red nonetheless. This will definitely suit our palate.
- January 8, 2011 at 3:21 PM
- Country Wings in Phoenix said...
Hi Mary Sweetie...
Happy Pink Saturday and what a beautiful share. While I do not like grapefruits at all, my DH loves it. We are both dieting and always looking for a new dressing, so I may have to give this one a try to treat him. He will LOVE it.
Hope you have a gorgeous day sweet one. Many hugs and much love, Sherry - January 8, 2011 at 3:28 PM
- The Food Hound said...
I love your posts about Pink Saturday :) Such a lovely concept! I've never met a pink food I didn't like!! I, too, LOVE grapefruit in any form, but alas, the Booze Hound says they taste/smell like feet :( I'll make this when he travels, for sure!
- January 8, 2011 at 4:52 PM
- Alessandra said...
I love pink grapefruit! They have tried to grow them in NZ, but without success, sometimes we get some imported ones... I wander if I could use normal grapefruit...
A. - January 8, 2011 at 4:56 PM
- Velva said...
What a clever way to showcase a salad dressing. beautiful! Living in the southeast citrus is at its peak this time of year.
Happy New Year Mary!
Velva - January 8, 2011 at 5:44 PM
- teresa said...
i really like dressing with a sweetness and tang. this is delicious!
- January 8, 2011 at 6:26 PM
- Char said...
mouth watering as always. I love something lite. Happy Pink Saturday, Char
- January 8, 2011 at 6:56 PM
- Rhonda said...
A light citrus-y dressing is right up my alley. As a lover of all citrus I know I'd love this dressing.
- January 8, 2011 at 7:40 PM
- Martha said...
Sounds wonderful! I've missed you Mary and hope all is well in your world :-)
- January 8, 2011 at 11:17 PM
- Sushma Mallya said...
Healthy salad,looks nice
- January 9, 2011 at 12:10 AM
- Mrs K said...
Mary,the color is absolutely lovely,and your experince tells you grape fruit helps in preventing water retention,I have to include grape fruit in my diet now and make this dressing :)
- January 9, 2011 at 9:40 AM
- Donnie said...
That looks yummy and fresh. HPS
- January 9, 2011 at 3:42 PM
Hello Mary, I too drink grapefruit juice daily. It is my favorite. Thank you so much for posting this wonderful recipe. Have a wonderful day :)
- January 9, 2011 at 3:50 PM
- javapot said...
the idea of pink grapefruit is kick rolling my senses!! can imagine this tasting great and refreshing.
btw tagged u for a 2010 meme, hope u have fun. - January 9, 2011 at 7:49 PM
- Leslie said...
I can only imagine how bright and cheery the flavors of this dressing are!
- January 9, 2011 at 9:23 PM
- Gail said...
Oh that does look yummy. I will have to try that, it would bring summer to a winters day.
Happy PS
Gail - January 9, 2011 at 10:53 PM
- Self Sagacity said...
Such a simple pink yet so tempting and delicious looking.
- January 10, 2011 at 1:37 PM
- L'Chicken said...
I haven't had lettuce in the house for weeks, but now I'm aching for some green and pink. Yum-city!
- January 11, 2011 at 10:35 PM
- BriBermuda said...
i think this recipe is very refreshing and would do great for summer salads.
- January 12, 2011 at 6:30 PM
- claire said...
wow! this is perfect for summer salads!
- January 13, 2011 at 3:24 PM
- That Girl said...
I saw this gorgeous salad on a blog that had jewel like sections of pink grapefruit in it. This totally reminds me of that salad.
- January 25, 2011 at 12:17 PM
- Kristen@PrettySweet said...
I just made some of this dressing for our salad for dinner tonight! The taste is fantastic! Looking forward to dinner in a bit...=)
- January 25, 2011 at 6:14 PM
- GrandCanyonMom said...
This is a wonderful dressing! It has become a huge hit in my family & with friends. Here in Southern Arizona, we have more grapefruit than we know what to do with.... well not since I found this dressing recipe!! I have been making 1/3 cup-size grapefruit juice ice cubes so I can enjoy (my absolute new favorite dressing) for many months to come! Thank you for sharing this!
- February 4, 2012 at 10:39 PM


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Directions to Brunel's Old Station Bristol ...
By public transport
Brunel's Old Station is located in the historic railway terminus building of the Great Western Railway situated right next to Bristol's Temple Meads railway station. It is served by the City's principal public transport services, including rail, bus, park and ride and airport shuttle.
By bus
Temple Meads is served by many buses. From the station approach First Bristol operates services 8, 8A, 9 and 9A that connect with the City Centre, Clifton and Redland.
The A1 and A2 services go to Bristol Airport while services such as the 121 and the 672 connect with various villages around Somerset such as Chew Magna and Cheddar.
On Temple Way, the main road outside the station, there are cross-country services to Wells and Bath via Saltford.
There are also local bus services which go past Brunel's. Service 1 runs from Broomhill to Cribbs Causeway, service 51 from Centre to Rookery Farm and service 52 from Hengrove to Inns Court.
By car
Car users using the M4 should leave at junction 19, taking the M32 to the city centre and follow signs to Temple Meads station. Take junction 19 for Bristol city centre if travelling north on the M5 or junction 18 if travelling south. Pay and display parking is available in the nearby Temple Gate car parks.
By coach
Private coaches may set down and pick up on site on Station Approach. Click here for details of coach parking
By air
8 miles from Bristol International Airport. The airport shuttle (Bristol International Flyer) stops outside Temple Meads Station (next door to Brunel's Old Station) where there is also a comfortable indoor waiting lounge. Journey time to the airport is approximately 30 mins. Tickets can be purchased on board.
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Notes: All timings are represented in 12-hour notation in local time of New Delhi, India with DST adjustment (if applicable).
Hours which are past midnight are suffixed with next day date. In Panchang day starts and ends with sunrise.
Vaishakha Shukla Chaturdashi is celebrated as Narasimha Jayanti. Lord Narasimha was the 4th incarnation of Lord Vishnu. On Narasimha Jayanti day Lord Vishnu appeared in the form of Narasimha, a half lion and half man, to kill Demon Hiranyakashipu.
The combination of Vaishakha Shukla Chaturdashi with Swati Nakshatra and weekday Saturday is considered highly auspicious to observe Narasimha Jayanti Vratam.
The rules and guidelines to observe Narasimha Jayanti fasting are similar to those of Ekadashi fasting. Devotees eat only single meal one day before Narasimha Jayanti. All type of grains and cereals are prohibited during Narasimha Jayanti fasting. Parana, which means breaking the fast, is done next day at an appropriate time.
On Narasimha Jayanti day devotees take Sankalp during Madhyahna (Hindu afternoon period) and perform Lord Narasimha Pujan during Sanyakal before sunset. It is believed that Lord Narasimha was appeared during sunset while Chaturdashi was prevailing. It is advised to keep night vigil and perform Visarjan Puja next day morning. The fast should be broken on next day after performing Visarjan Puja and giving Dana to Brahmin.
Narasimha Jayanti fast is broken next day after sunrise when Chaturdashi Tithi is over. If Chaturdashi Tithi gets over before sunrise then fast is broken any time after sunrise after finishing Jayanti rituals. If Chaturdashi gets over very late i.e. if Chaturdashi prevails beyond three-fourth of Dinamana then fast can be broken in first half of Dinamana. Dinamana is time window between sunrise and sunset.
DrikPanchang.com lists Madhyahna time to take Sankalp, Sanyakal duration to perform Puja and Parana time on next day to break the fast. All these timings are location based hence it is mandatory to change location before noting down Puja and Parana timings.


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Based on Natural Resources Canada's (NRCan) approved guidelines. Refer to NRCan's Fuel Consumption Guide available at https://fcr-ccc.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/en for more information. Full battery charge and ideal conditions are required. Figures will vary based, amongst others and non-exclusively, on driving and charging habits, speed, accessory use, weather and temperature, battery age, vehicle condition, road condition and other factors. In sub ideal conditions, figures may worsen by more than 50%. Battery capacity decreases with time and use which will further reduce range. See the owner's manual or NRCan's Fuel Consumption Guide for details.
Subaru has partnered with Pioneer® to bring added functionality and Bluetooth® hands-free connectivity to the audio/navigation systems in select 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 models.
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text:
3D Print Your Own Personal Electronics
December 14, 2012
If it's possible to 3D print blood vessels, robots, and guns, then why shouldn't you be able to 3D print your own personal electronics? Well, now you can -- in the lab at least.
University of Warwick researchers have developed a conductive plastic composite material that can be used with unmodified, low-cost, hobbyist 3D printers to make functional electronic devices. The devices can even be custom-designed, such as tailoring a game controller to fit the shape of a particular user's hand.
The team, headed by Simon Leigh of the university's School of Engineering, says the inexpensive material, called "carbomorph," makes it possible to print out electronic tracks and sensors as part of a 3D-printed structure.
To date, the researchers have used the material to print objects with embedded flex sensors, such as a mug that can sense how full it is, or those with touch-sensitive buttons, such as a working computer game controller. The results were published in an article in the open-access journal PLOS One.
The printer can create touch-sensitive areas in the structure that can be connected to a simple, printed circuit board.
The computer game controller was printed using a Bits from Bytes BFB3000, Leigh told Design News in an email. "It's designed to interface with an Arduino board, then it can be plugged into a PC and used to play any game on your PC," he wrote. "The idea behind it is that you could in theory customize the layout of the controller hardware to your own specification."
Leigh and his team envision the technology being used to 3D print functioning electronic devices, making those devices more individualized. This could, he says, reduce electronic waste by customizing products to make them closer to what users want, and fitting their unique needs. Another application could be embedding sensors in products and monitoring how people use them, so designers could better understand how people tactilely interact with products.
The most immediate, short-term use Leigh envisions is giving the next generation of young engineers the hands-on experience of designing and producing electronic products in the classroom with advanced manufacturing technology like 3D printing. According to Leigh, existing open-source electronics and programming libraries can be used for monitoring the printed sensors.
One of the biggest advantages to 3D printing electronics is the fact that sockets for connecting the devices to equipment, such as interface electronics, could be printed out, rather than using conductive glues or paints. That's the research team's next step: to print more complex structures and electronic components, including the wires and cables that connect the 3D printed devices to computers.
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About the Author(s)
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text:
About the Book
About the Book
Watching the Dark: An Inspector Banks Novel
A decorated detective inspector is murdered on the tranquil grounds of the St. Peter's Police Treatment Centre, shot through the heart with a crossbow arrow, and compromising photographs are discovered in his room. Detective Chief Inspector Alan Banks is well aware that he must handle the highly sensitive --- and dangerously explosive --- investigation with the utmost discretion.
Because the case may involve police corruption, an officer from Professional Standards, Inspector Joanna Passero, has arrived to work with Banks and his team. Though he tries to keep an open mind and offer his full cooperation, the dedicated Banks and his practical investigative style clash with Passero's cool demeanor and by-the- book professionalism. All too soon, the seasoned detective finds himself under uncomfortable scrutiny, his methods second-guessed.
As Banks digs deeper into the life and career of the victim, a decorated cop and recent widower named Bill Quinn, he comes to believe that Quinn's murder may be linked to an unsolved missing persons case. Six years earlier, a pretty 19-year-old English girl named Rachel Hewitt made national headlines when she disappeared without a trace in Tallinn, Estonia. Convinced that finding the truth about Rachel will lead to Quinn's killer, Banks follows a twisting trail of clues that lead from England to the dark, cobbled alleys of Tallinn's Old Town. But the closer he seems to solving the complicated cold case, the more it becomes clear that someone doesn't want the past stirred up.
While Banks prowls the streets of Tallinn, DI Annie Cabbot, recovered from her near-fatal shooting and back at the station in Eastvale, is investigating a migrant labor scam involving corrupt bureaucrats and a loan shark who feeds on the poor. As evidence in each investigation mounts, Banks realizes the two are linked --- and that solving them may put even more lives, including his own, in jeopardy.


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Daryl Paranada is a former associate web producer for Marketplace, during which he oversaw all daily website content and production, and produced multimedia features and special projects. He also filmed, edited and produced the popular economic explainer video series, Marketplace Whiteboard, hosted by Paddy Hirsch. Paranada's multimedia work has been featured via Marketplace Money collaborations with The New York Times, the Marketplace Minute as well as projects like "Lot 354: Anatomy of the Housing Crisis," and "Bailout: Follow the Money," a special report tracking the disbursement and repayment of government bailout funds.
Paranada joined Marketplace in 2008 during the height of the financial crisis and has worked with every Marketplace program. Prior to Marketplace, he wrote and reported for diverse news organizations such as Mother Jones, Los Angeles CityBeat, The Huffington Post, Us Weekly and The Cape Argus Tonight in South Africa. Paranada has also worked closely with students as an editorial assistant at the Constitutional Rights Foundation and a volunteer at the nonprofit writing and tutoring center 826LA. Paranada reported on the 2008 presidential election through a News21 fellowship from the Carnegie Corporation and Knight Foundation. He also participated in the 2010 Fulbright Berlin Capital Program, which enabled him to partake in a series of seminars and visits to German media, political and cultural institutions.
He holds a master's degree in journalism from the University of Southern California and bachelor's degrees in English and communications from the University of California, Davis. A native of Vallejo, Calif., Paranada currently resides in Los Angeles where he enjoys playing tennis, listening to music and traveling.