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NATO Multimedia Library
Collections | Visiting the Multimedia Library | Interlibrary loans | Multimedia Library publications | Opening hours | To contact us | Staff | Stay Informed!
Not only books are catalogued and indexed, but also more than 24,000 individual articles in journals. You can search for them in our online catalog.
The Multimedia Library also holds an extensive collection of photo and video material taken by free-lance photographers and cameramen for which NATO has sole copyright.
Visiting the Multimedia Library
- Books and journals
The Multimedia Library essentially serves in-house staff.
Visitors are permitted to consult the Library holdings with prior authorization. They must first download the form (.DOC), fill it out describing the subject and the purpose of their research (thesis, paper etc.) and send it via e-mail to the NATO Librarian (email@example.com)
The review procedure requires two weeks on average. Once granted, Library access is allowed for a period of six months, after which an application for an extension has to be filed.
Visitors may borrow books only through their local library. Please click here for more details.
- Audiovisual material
Photo and video material is available to recognised members of the press and media and for educational purposes. Please note that NATO requires a credit mention should you make use of its images.
Visitors wishing to consult audiovisual material should first contact the Multimedia Library by e-mail or phone (+32(0)2 707 4541).
Interlibrary loans
All the books described in the Library Catalog are available for interlibrary loan (ILL). The only exception are items marked with 'Type : REF', which have to be consulted on the premises.
You can place ILL requests by e-mail or by phone ( +32(0)2 707 4414).
ILL is provided to you free of charge. Items have to be returned by registered mail within one month.
We only lend books to other libraries. As an individual please place your request through your own local library.
Photocopies of journal articles are provided free of charge within certain limitations (reasonable amount of pages, non-availability in other major libraries etc.). Please contact the Multimedia Library to ensure your request can be dealt with.
Multimedia Library publications
Acquisitions Lists : published every month, they list the latest books received by the Multimedia Library and include journal articles on NATO-related topics.
Backgrounders : they are published on an irregular basis in response to international events relevant to NATO.
Thematic Bibliographies : they are published approximately ten times a year. Each issue is devoted to a particular topic and presents books and journal articles relevant to the subject at hand.
Stay Informed!
Sign up now to receive regular updates of the Library (new publications and services, new events, etc.). You will always have the option to unsubscribe
Opening hours
Monday - Thursday : 10 am to 5 pm
Friday : 10 am to 4 pm
To contact us
- NATO Switchboard : Tel. : +32(0)2 707 4111
- NATO Multimedia Library
Public Diplomacy Division
Room Nb123
B-1110 Brussels
Tel. : +32(0)2 707 4414 (Library) / +32(0)2 707 4541 (Audiovisual material)
Fax : +32(0)2 707 4249
E-mail : email@example.com
Internet : http://www.nato.int/library
Twitter : http://twitter.com/NATOlibrary
Isabel Fernandez, Librarian
Jeanine Willo, Assistant (Library)
Celeste Palmer-Eloot, Assistant (Audiovisual material)


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San Diego Alzheimer's Care Centers
This directory includes 9 San Diego Alzheimer's Care providers. Since there are less than 5000 Alzheimer's care centers in the United States, your options may be slim. Most major cities have some options but you are really lucky to have any choices in a rural areas. We list San Diego Alzheimer's care facilities on this site as a reference. The best source for help finding care for someone is to call the Alzheimer's is Alzheimer's Association at www.alz.org but don't use their on-line search. It includes less options than this site. They have regional chapters in every state. Most but no all San Diego chapters keep an up to data list of Alzheimer's facilities in their area.
In the early stages of Alzheimer's, when a senior doesn't require 24 hour supervision, you may to consider want to consider a San Diego CCRC, assisted living or in-home care. A CCRC allows seniors the benefit of making just one transition into a care facility and then can move into special areas based on their needs. Assisted Living is a much higher standard of living than a locked-down memory care unit. In-home care can be the least expensive senior care but does place additional load on the family. If San Diego, California does not have enough options use the links on the right to expand your search.

subset: commoncrawl


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Buffet Utensils
Buy all of your must-have buffet utensils for the best prices online at Mission Restaurant Supply and keep fingers away and safe from food during serving times. Our selection ranges from plastic ladles, buffet tongs, salad dressing ladles, salad tongs, serving spoons, slotted serving spoons, pastry servers, hi-heat serving spoons, salad spoons and tongs to name a few! So whether you operate a banquet setting, a hotel, a catering company or you simply need some fresh serving tools and buffet utensils for your home, Mission Restaurant Supply has what you need at great, wholesale prices!


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To the editor:
The city has adopted a plan to reduce greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming by 20 percent from 2005 levels by 2020. At that time, 25 percent of Alexandria's energy supply is supposed to be generated by renewable sources like solar or geothermal. City Hall's targets for 2050 are much higher: an 80-percent drop in greenhouse gas emissions — like carbon dioxide from coal-generated electricity — and an equivalent increase in the amount of our energy derived from cleaner renewable sources.
This is a laudable albeit difficult challenge and will require us to ratchet up our standards and expectations of commercial projects. Take the Sheet Metal Workers Union building along the waterfront near Oronoco Bay Park, which is being converted into high-priced condominiums. I believe this building had working solar panels on its roof at one time, and there is no reason we cannot ensure such projects include renewable sources as part of their energy use plan. Geothermal heat pumps as well, perhaps.
Perhaps we need to revise the city's zoning ordinance to add more teeth to encourage such steps in cases of by-right redevelopment — in concert with our green building efforts and preservation of affordable housing. We should become a green city for economic reasons as well as reasons of global concern. Targets are well and good, but public policy requires great planning and reasonable regulation that incorporates economic, social and environmental values.
– Andrew Macdonald


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Newsletter Video, July 2015
Click Below - Add Your Own Comment
Do swimmers typically experience acute or overuse injuries?
Many think the word "acute", as it pertains to an injury, is a description of the intensity of pain. According to Medicinenet.com, an acute injury is the "…abrupt onset, in reference to a disease. Acute often also connotes an illness that is of short duration, rapidly progressive, and in need of urgent care."
Swimmers typically don't suffer from "acute injuries" that are in need of urgent care. Rather, they experience insidious (slow onset) injuries of muscles and joints. These issues are typically classified as "overuse" problems. Physical therapists regularly treat swimmers that are diagnosed with:
Shoulder impingement – this condition is defined in detail here. It usually results from muscle imbalances and flexibility issues. Physical therapy is often helpful along with modification or correction of freestyle or fly swimming technique.
Click here to learn more about shoulder impingement
Chronic neck pain – a condition often related to repetitive use of the neck and upper shoulder muscles. Improper technique is often the cause. Working with a well-qualified swim coach along with training modification and the application of ice to the painful area can be helpful.
Click here for more information on neck pain
Patellofemoral pain – this is a problem with the kneecap and is typically seen in breaststroke swimmers. In most cases kick modification, strengthening, and sometimes bracing is helpful.
Click here to learn more about patellofemoral pain syndrome
Newsletter Video Archive
The information in this video is intended for informational and educational purposes only and in no way should be taken to be the provision or practice of physical therapy, medical, or professional healthcare advice or services. The information should not be considered complete or exhaustive and should not be used for diagnostic or treatment purposes without first consulting with your physical therapist, occupational therapist, physician or other healthcare provider. The owners of this website accept no responsibility for the misuse of information contained within this website.


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Can the date be recorded on an image?
- If your camera has the Write Date feature, you can superimpose the date directly to the still image.
- Not all cameras are supplied with Write Date feature. To see if your camera has Write Date feature, check the specifications of the unit.
Follow the steps below to set the Write Date feature:
NOTE: The steps below is an example. Procedure to set the Write Date feature differs depending on the camera. For details, refer to the instruction manuals of the camera.
- Set the camera to shooting mode.
- Press MENU.
- Select Settings.
- Select Shooting Settings.
- Select Write Date.
- Select desired mode.
- If the Write Date feature is set to on, the DATE mark will appear on the bottom right of the LCD screen while shooting. However, in some shooting modes that cannot record dates on images, the DATE mark will disappear.
- If the Write Date feature is set to off, this does not record a shooting date.
- You cannot record dates in the following situations:
- In movie mode
- When shooting still images while recording a movie (Dual Rec)
- When shooting panoramic images
- In burst shooting mode
- In Easy Mode
- In 3D shooting mode
For more information about restrictions, refer to the manual of your camera.
- If you shot images with the date once, you cannot delete the date from the images later.
- The dates are doubly printed, if you set the camera to superimpose the dates when printing.
- The recorded time of the image cannot be superimposed on the image.


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Princeton University has committed to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 as part of a comprehensive Sustainability Plan that sets ambitious goals in the areas of greenhouse gas emissions reduction, resource conservation, and research, education and civic engagement.
Princeton proposes to reach its emissions goal through activities on campus rather than through off-campus mitigation projects. These projects include the purchase of emissions "offsets" -- investment in emissions-reduction activities such as planting trees in this country or abroad -- a feature frequently included in other sustainability plans.
"Princeton is truly committed to reducing its impact on the environment, and we believe this commitment begins at home with aggressive efforts to reduce the carbon dioxide that we emit," said Mark Burstein, executive vice president. "Making the commitment in this way will make reaching the target a lot harder to do, especially since Princeton is planning to add almost 2 million square feet of building space over the next 10 years. But this approach will provide many opportunities for Princeton to be a learning laboratory on this issue and to aggressively use new technologies and ideas with the campus as a testing ground."
The comprehensiveness of the plan and its integration with the teaching, research and civic engagement agenda of the University is another distinction of Princeton's approach, according to Burstein. He presented the plan, which has been several years in development, to University trustees at their January meeting. The plan was a response to a widely held view among trustees and on campus that Princeton should play a leadership role not only in programs of teaching and research related to the environment, where it is an acknowledged world leader, but also in the practices it follows on campus.
"Given a growing human population and the desire of people everywhere to live more prosperous lives, sustainability is surely the most important and difficult challenge facing humanity. For a great university like Princeton, with its extraordinary intellectual and financial resources, it is simply not enough to treat sustainability as an academic subject," said David Wilcove, professor of ecology and evolutionary biology and public affairs, who has been involved in formulating the plan as a member of the Princeton Sustainability Committee. "We must also be a model of how to achieve it on our own campus, in our own community and in our own lives. I think the new Sustainability Plan is strong evidence of our intent to do just that."
Emissions reduction
In 2002, President Shirley M. Tilghman established the Princeton Environmental Oversight Committee (now the Princeton Sustainability Committee), consisting of students, faculty and staff, to identify means to improve the University's environmental footprint. The committee realized that while individual environmental projects undertaken proved successful, exemplary campus stewardship and preparing Princeton's students to become engaged environmental citizens required a comprehensive plan.
In 2006, Shana Weber joined the staff as the University's first sustainability manager. She began working with the committee to establish 10 working groups of students, faculty and staff that assessed existing stewardship initiatives and potential opportunities across the institution. The three priority areas identified in the Sustainability Plan -- greenhouse gas emissions reduction, resource conservation, and research, education and civic engagement -- emerged from that assessment.
Burstein noted that the time is particularly ripe for the adoption of such a plan at Princeton.
"Although we have many initiatives on campus that support sustainability as an institution, we felt that a comprehensive plan would increase the impact of our efforts and allow us to track our progress," he said.
In addition, with the University about to add as much as 2 million square feet of new space over the next 10 years, it was critical to integrate sustainability goals into the University's capital plan.
"Many of the ways we can decrease our environmental footprint as an institution occur through construction," he said. "So having a plan with measurable goals drives the work of the capital plan in a sustainable direction."
That capital plan, combined with the fact that Princeton has added 1.5 million square feet of new space to the campus since 1990, makes the greenhouse gas goal particularly ambitious. Achieving this goal will prevent 75,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere in 2020 and in each subsequent year -- yielding the highest direct environmental impact of any objective in the plan.
The goal is in alignment with the state of New Jersey's energy master plan.
"As one of the nation's leading institutions of higher education, Princeton University's far-sighted decision to mitigate its impact on global climate change and create a sustainable environment is laudable," said New Jersey Gov. Jon Corzine, an ex officio trustee of the University. "The efforts spearheaded by Princeton's administration and Board of Trustees to address campus [energy] consumption habits comprehensively will serve as a blueprint for colleges, communities, organizations and businesses around the state and the country.
"Princeton's sustainability initiative is more than just symbolic: As the state of New Jersey embarks upon the critical project of creating a cleaner environment for generations to come, Princeton University will be an important partner in helping the state reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and reach our aggressive goals," Corzine said.
Most of the strategies behind Princeton's goal focus on the University's central plant and the buildings it serves, since they account for 85 percent of the University's emissions. The strategies include applying alternative technologies and alternative fuel options at the central power facility and expanding energy conservation through retrofits of existing buildings.
New construction and renovations will be required to have at least a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) silver equivalency, a standard established by the U.S. Green Building Council. Keeping with Princeton's sustainable building design guidelines, which were set up in 2006, they also will have an overall energy performance goal that is 50 percent better than current code requirements.
The facilities department now will apply a voluntary emissions "tax" as part of the cost-benefit analysis when deciding whether to undertake particular conservation projects. The effect of this is to place a monetary value on the environmental benefit to be realized by taking on the project, and to increase the number of energy-efficient designs and technologies that will be approved. (Tax rates are expected to be based on average market values of the environmental impact of these emissions. Presently those market values range between $30 and $40 per metric ton of projected carbon dioxide emissions.)
After operation of the physical plant, the second largest source of campus emissions is transportation. Goals in this area of the Sustainability Plan are decreasing by 10 percent the number of cars commuting to campus by 2020 and reducing emissions related to the campus fleet.
Strategies that will be used to achieve this goal include providing financial support for commuter use of public transportation; enhancing the campus shuttle system and ride share programs and encouraging their use through incentives; creating better walking and biking paths; developing a telecommuting policy; and replacing retired campus fleet vehicles with zero- or low-emission vehicles.
"As a policy student focused on climate change, I'm excited that Princeton is making such great progress," said Dennis Markatos-Soriano, a graduate student in the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and co-chair of Students United for a Responsible Global Environment (SURGE). "Princeton's stellar climate scholars and campus facilities staff can turn the institution's resource commitment into technical and policy solutions for a sustainable future. I'm excited to hear about continued momentum in the years ahead and will support further emissions reduction once I'm an alumnus in a few short months. SURGE aims to help the University achieve and surpass these goals in the years ahead."
Resource conservation
Princeton already is a leader in the area of resource conservation with initiatives such as the early adoption of paper made from 100 percent post-consumer waste for use in offices and an aggressive sustainable food purchasing policy.
New goals under the Sustainability Plan include specific objectives for reduced water usage; increased recycling rates; 100 percent conversion to green cleaning products; decreased use of disposable paper products; and increased purchasing of green goods and services as well as sustainably produced food items.
Strategies for achieving these goals range from putting more recycling receptacles in offices and classrooms to identifying more local suppliers of sustainable food and installing low-flow bathroom fixtures to constructing "green roofs" on buildings.
By adopting the Sustainability Plan, Princeton is working to ensure that the campus will develop and grow in alignment with the plan's environmental goals and strategies. For example, the University's new 10-year Campus Plan proposes a reinvigorated commitment to environmental stewardship and incorporates the Sustainability Plan's landscape and stormwater strategies to restore, enhance and expand the natural areas of campus; and sustainable building technologies to reduce energy demand and conserve water.
Research, education and civic engagement
The Princeton Sustainability Plan recognizes that while the University is committed to aggressively pursuing improvements in the sustainability of campus operations, Princeton's investments in research and education are arguably the most effective way to use its resources to solve the problem of global climate change. One of the highest priorities for Aspire, the University's $1.75 billion five-year campaign, is to raise funds for teaching and research to address urgent environmental issues.
The plan contains provisions for tapping the faculty's research expertise and using the campus as a laboratory to develop sustainability solutions and train and motivate students to address environmental challenges. The goals are to broaden interdisciplinary participation, advance connections between faculty and graduate student research and undergraduate education, and increase graduate student and undergraduate research opportunities. In the areas of civic engagement and communications, the goals are to develop leaders among the students, faculty and staff and to increase awareness of their responsibilities as citizens.
Strategies include supporting research projects, providing funds for the development of new courses, increasing support for student initiatives and creating media projects drawing on student experiences.
Weber, Princeton's sustainability manager, is looking forward to the increased involvement by students, faculty and staff.
"I arrived here less than two years ago and have seen tremendous growth in student interest in that brief time," she said. "The number of student groups focused on environmental issues has grown, as has the membership in each group. Students have been intimately involved in forming the plan, and will be key stakeholders in implementing many of the components and tracking progress. There is also growing awareness among faculty and staff as we roll out campus initiatives and educational programs."
That additional interest from other quarters of the University is crucial, according to Kelsey Stallings, a junior who is co-president of Greening Princeton. "With so much student interest and so many different student groups on campus, it is important for the more permanent institutions and members of the University to maintain the momentum and the progress," she said. "Because students are on campus for only four years, there is a risk of their accomplishments being lost upon graduation. This campus Sustainability Plan is a significant and necessary step for Princeton to become a leader in sustainability, and I think it definitely gives new confidence and motivation to students, as well as the rest of the community."
To launch the plan, a gift of term funds over four years has been pledged by the High Meadows Foundation. "Support from the High Meadows Foundation is a critical component for the Sustainability Plan to succeed," Burstein said. "These resources will fund initiatives that support goals set forth in the research, education and civic engagement section of the plan, including courses that use the campus as an environmental laboratory, student research into the 'life-cycle' of products for the purchasing department, and student initiatives such as implementation of an organic garden designed through a School of Architecture competition."
"Princeton University is to be commended for launching its excellent new Sustainability Plan," said John Cusack, executive director of the New Jersey Higher Education Partnership for Sustainability. "This plan should ensure that Princeton continues to be on the leading edge of campus stewardship, preparing its students for a more sustainable society and committed to managing environmental issues locally, regionally and globally."


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Wheeler Dealers All Episodes Download ((NEW))
TV Show Wheeler Dealers (season 1-10, 11,12, 13, 14, 15) download full episodes and watch in HD (480p, 720p, 1080p .mp4, .mkv, .avi) quality free, without registration. New episodes of the popular television series for PC you can get Here. Latest episodes of Wheeler Dealers download here! Unlike kickass and Torrent our downloader site has all seasons with direct links and NO ADS! Lots of popular tv programs, which you can load to your PC, watch later or copy to mobile or tablet device.
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1. Choose a categoryClick one of the five categories on the left (eg Mood or Location) to open a list of key words to browse. |
2. Choose a key wordClick a word that matches your need (eg Partying or Lunch). Browse the tag words to qualify your search, or browse the list of suggestions. |
3. Choose a placeClick a place in the list of suggestions for more details. Click the 'Map' tab to see the list on a map. |


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FILE - This June 18, 2009 file photo shows cows grazing in Rock County, Neb. Compared to the other animal proteins, beef produces five times more heat-trapping gases connected to global warming per calorie, puts out six times as much nitrogen for water pollution, takes 11 times more water for irrigation and uses 28 times the land, according to the study published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (AP Photo/Bill Wolf, File) |
WASHINGTON (AP) — Raising beef for the American dinner table does far more damage to the environment than producing pork, poultry, eggs or dairy, a new study says.
Compared with the other animal proteins, beef produces five times more heat-trapping gases per calorie, puts out six times as much water-polluting nitrogen, takes 11 times more water for irrigation and uses 28 times the land, according to the study published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Cows are not efficient at converting feed to protein for human consumption, said lead author Gidon Eshel, an environmental physics professor at Bard College in New York.
Eshel used U.S. government figures to calculate air and water emissions and how much water and land were used in the lifetime production of beef, pork, poultry, dairy and eggs.
While other studies have looked at the issue, this is one of the most comprehensive pieces of research quantifying and comparing the U.S. environmental costs of different meats and other animal protein.
A spokesman for the National Cattlemen's Beef Association, Chase Adams, said the study "represents a gross oversimplification of the complex systems that make up the beef value chain."
Adams said that the beef industry has improved its environmental sustainability in recent years and that the U.S. produces beef with the lowest greenhouse gas emissions of any country.
In the study, pork, poultry, dairy and eggs all had comparable environmental footprints, so close there were no statistically significant differences among them, Eshel said. But cows were off-the-chart different. The study did not look at plants or fish raised for human consumption.
Cows burp major amounts of methane, a greenhouse gas that is dozens of times more potent than carbon dioxide. Their digestive system makes them produce considerably more methane than pigs, chickens or turkeys do, Eshel said. The manure used to grow feed for cows also releases methane, as does their own bodily waste.
Because they are bigger and take longer to put on weight for meat, cows eat more food over their lifetimes than other animals raised for protein.
Nitrogen, from fertilizer runoff, can harm rivers, lakes and bays, causing oxygen-depleted "dead zones." The use of irrigation water is a major issue out West when there are droughts, like the current one in California. So much land used for farming changes the biodiversity of a location, Eshel said.
"It really looks like beef is a lot worse environmentally than these other meats," said Ken Caldeira, an environmental scientist at the Carnegie Institution for Science. Caldeira wasn't part of this study, but has a separate study of beef's greenhouse gas footprint around the world, published this month in the journal Climatic Change.
Eshel calculates that the average American who switches from beef to pork would reduce the equivalent of 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide a year, which is about nine days' worth of the nation's per capita greenhouse gas emissions. The EPA calculates that it is the same as the emissions from 61 gallons of gas or what comes out of the smokestack from burning 580 pounds of coal.
Caldeira said his calculations found that "eating a pound of beef causes more greenhouse warming than burning a gallon of gasoline."
Even though pigs have the reputation for being dirty, the data shows that they "come out pretty clean" when compared to cows, Eshel said.
The message from the study is "whenever possible try to replace beef with other sources of protein from animal sources," said Eshel, who said he doesn't eat meat now but used to raise cattle on a kibbutz in Israel.
Nutrition scientists Marion Nestle at New York University and Malden Nesheim at Cornell University said the study makes sense, was done carefully and is important.
Caldeira, whose study examined livestock and greenhouse gas internationally, found that livestock accounted for 9 percent of the world's total greenhouse gases, and their overall output has increased 51 percent since 1961.
He also found that the developed world — including the U.S. — decreased its carbon emissions from livestock by 23 percent, while the developing world has more than doubled its emissions in that category. So overall greenhouse gases from livestock rose by more than 50 percent.
Countries like the United States are importing beef from developing countries, potentially skewing the results, Eshel said.


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Take Your IsaLife on the Go with the IsaLife Mobile App!
Stay on the right track with your Weight Loss System with this convenient nutrition and fitness tracker, personal coach, and product-ordering platform in one easy-to-navigate app!
Features and Benefits
Goal and Fitness Tracking
Set goals, take progress photos, and track your weight. Sync to your fitness tracker to track burned calories and physical activity.
Nutrition and Meal Tracking
Explore the fully integrated Isagenix Product Guide. Search and import popular meals, restaurant chains, and brands to more accurately track nutrition consumption.
Order Management
Shop and order Isagenix products with just a few clicks. Set and adjust your Lifestyle Rewards program so you never miss a day of your system.
Coaching Community
Connect with your Enrolling Sponsor and anyone who joins Isagenix through you! Share and receive tips, support, recipes, and more on your activity feed. Discover how your team members are doing on their journey toward their goals.
IsaBody Challenge Registration
Register for and participate in the IsaBody Challenge®. Record your progress, tap into the power of the IsaBody® community, and receive the accountability you need all in the app!
Share Isagenix
As an Associate, you can now share Isagenix with potential Customers inside the IsaLife™ app! In less than two minutes, your potential Customer can create their Isagenix account and both their initial order and Lifestyle Rewards (previously called Autoship) based on your recommendations!
- Share recommended products with potential Customers.
- Your potential Customer completes their enrollment on a mobile-friendly website.
- Track their progress directly in the IsaLife app.
- Receive updates and notifications on your potential Customer's enrollment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who can use the IsaLife™ mobile app?
Customers and Associates can download IsaLife for free from the App Store or Google Play in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Belgium, Spain, Ireland, the Netherlands, Mexico, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, France, Portugal, Sweden, Poland, Norway, Denmark & Finland.
Which mobile devices support the IsaLife™ app?
IsaLife™ is available for iPhone (iOS version 14.0 and above, iPhone 8 or newer) and Android (version 9.0 'Pie' and above) devices. The app is not supported using Blackberry, Windows Phone, or Kindle Fire.
How do I log in to IsaLife™?
IsaLife uses the same username and password to access your existing Isagenix account.
To recover your username, contact your local Customer Care team To reset your password, visit the Back Office login page, and select the Forgot your password? link.
How do I set up the fingerprint login on my mobile device?
We recommend referring to the manufacturer's website for instructions on creating a fingerprint login for your iOS or Android device, as models vary. Activity Feed
What should I share on my Activity Feed?
Isagenix provides product- and health-related content on everyone's activity feed. We encourage users to share other activity, progress, badges, and support through the activity feed to help inspire their Personally Enrolled Members reach their goals.
Who can see my activity feed posts?
When posting to your activity feed, you have the option to share with your 1PET, your Coach, or both. Comments added to a post from Isagenix are viewable by all IsaLife users regardless of team placement.
Can I share activity feed posts outside of the IsaLife™ app?
Absolutely! Tapping the Share button below the post allows users to share content via text, email, or social media platforms.
Can I delete posts from my activity feed?
You can delete your own personal posts and hide posts from others that appear in your activity feed. To delete or hide a post, select the down arrow in the upper-right corner of the post, and then select the applicable option. IsaLife™ Programs
Which programs are available in the IsaLife™ app?
Users can currently sign up for two programs — Weight Loss and Daily Wellness — by tapping on the Daily Checklist icon. The Weight Loss program is designed for those looking to lose weight and gain lean muscle. The Daily Wellness program is perfect for those looking to maintain their results and build on their weight loss goals.
How do I start a program?
Tap the Daily Schedule icon, and then tap the "Click here to start one" link. Next, select from the list of available Programs and then the Enroll in This Program button. IsaLife™ will prompt you for some additional information to complete the process.
Can I start a program if I'm not already using another pak or program?
Yes! IsaLife™ is a customizable tool that allows you to integrate your favorite Isagenix products into your routine. For additional information on how to customize a program, see the Daily Checklist section.
Who can see my information?
Only you can see your photos, weight goals, and measurements in the IsaLife™ app.
How do I resign from a program?
Access the daily checklist, and tap on the three dots in the upper-right corner. Next, select Program Information from the slide-up drawer. Scroll down on the next page, select the Resign Program button, and then confirm.
Do I need to use the preloaded items on the daily checklist?
No, for your convenience, the daily checklist includes Isagenix products and reminders on when to have a snack (up to 200 calories) or meal (400-600 calories). Checking the preloaded items like IsaLean® Shake or Ionix® Supreme will automatically update your macros; however, we recommend adding your snack and meal items to ensure your daily macros and consumed calories are accurate.
How do I add and remove items from the daily checklist?
Select the Add Item link to browse additional food or Isagenix products. Once you locate an item, make any necessary adjustments to the serving size or amount, then select the Add to Checklist button. To remove an item from your daily checklist, swipe left and select the Delete button. You can remove both manually entered items as well as preloaded products.
Can I enter food and activities for a previous day or in advance?
We realize that some days you may get busy and not complete your daily checklist. The IsaLife™ app allows you to enter food and activities for the previous day.
You can also enter both food and fitness activities for future dates in your daily checklist without submitting and completing the day. On that date, you will need to check the boxes to calculate your macros, calories consumed, and calories burned for the day.
Can I sync an activity tracker to my daily checklist?
IsaLife™ users can sync with Fitbit or Apple Health, which will automatically import their fitness activities to their daily checklist. First, access the Settings tab in IsaLife, then scroll down and tap Settings. Next, tap on Fitness Trackers to choose which device you would like to connect with.
Can I switch my Shake and Cleanse Days?
Yes. When selecting a program, IsaLife™ will prompt you to choose your Shake and Cleanse Days; however, you can change them at any time by selecting the Shake Day or Cleanse Day tab on the current day's date. IsaLife will prompt you to confirm the switch. Keep in mind, any journal data already entered for that day will be lost. Orders and Lifestyle Rewards
How do I place one-time orders in IsaLife™?
Tap on the shopping (box) icon, and use the search feature or product categories on the One-Time Order tab to locate your favorite Isagenix products. Tap on the image, configure your preferences, then select Add to Cart. Once you're done choosing products, select the shopping cart icon in the upper-right corner to proceed to checkout.
How do I manage my Lifestyle Rewards in IsaLife™?
Tap on the shopping (box) icon, and select the Manage Lifestyle Rewards tab. From here, you can update the next shipping date or frequency or update the products for your next order.
How do I add new payment or shipping information in IsaLife™?
IsaLife uses information from your existing Isagenix account. To add a new payment method or address, log in to your password-protected Back Office. If you have the payment or address already saved to your account, you can select it when completing your one-time or Lifestyle Rewards order.
How do I edit or remove products from my orders?
While in the shopping cart for one-time or Lifestyle Reward orders, select the pencil icon to edit the packaging or quantity or the trash can icon to remove it from your shopping cart.
How do I apply coupons to my IsaLife™ orders?
On the checkout page, select the Add Member Coupons link to view and apply coupons saved to your account. You can also manually enter a coupon code in the Use a Coupon field to apply a discount to your one-time or Lifestyle Rewards orders.
Which countries can enroll using IsaLife™?
Associates in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand ,the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain, and Belgium can share Recommended Carts with potential Customers via IsaLife™ to complete their enrollment.
How do I create recommended carts to share with potential Customers?
You can create up to 20 recommended carts by logging in to your password-protected Back Office and selecting Manage My Recommended Carts from the Teams tab. Select the Create New Recommended Cart button, choose the country and level of savings, then configure the initial order and Lifestyle Rewards products. Provide a name for your recommended cart and select the Save button. Your recommended cart is now ready to share via the IsaLife™ app!
If your initial order includes a qualifying system or pak, you're eligible to earn a Product Introduction Bonus when your potential Customer enrolls using that recommended cart!
Is Lifestyle Rewards required when creating a recommended cart?
Recommended Carts can be created with or without Lifestyle Rewards. Your potential Customers always have the ability to remove or add Lifestyle Rewards to their account during their sign-up process.
How do I share a recommended cart with a potential Customer?
Tap the Setting icon in IsaLife™, and select the Share Isagenix tab. Select the Recommended Cart you want to share with your potential Customer, review and edit the placement options as
Which countries can sign up with Recommended Carts through IsaLife?
Isagenix Independent Associates in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain, and Belgium can share Recommended Carts with potential Customers via IsaLife™ to complete their enrollment.
How do I introduce IsaLife™ to new Customers?
After helping your new Customer join Isagenix, let them know what their next steps are including downloading IsaLife! For example,
You: I'm going to send you a text later today with information about downloading the IsaLife™ app. It's going to make using your system so fun and much easier for you to follow!
Later, follow up with a text message so your new Customer knows where to get IsaLife and how to set it up. For example,
You: I'm so excited for you to get started! If you haven't yet, be sure to download the free IsaLife™ app from the App Store or Google Play. Your first step will be clicking on the calendar icon to set up your Weight Loss Program. It's easy — just follow the prompts! Before your system arrives, make sure to watch the brief videos included in the app about how to do Cleanse and Shake Days, and the Product Overview. Once you've done all of that, shoot me a text!
Customer: Great! Will do!
You: Awesome! The app is so user-friendly, and I know you're going to love it. Another cool feature is that you can order more products and manage your monthly order through the app. It's amazing how Isagenix makes the ordering process so simple and convenient! Talk to you soon!
How can I utilize IsaLife™ to connect with my team?
IsaLife is the perfect platform to help you connect with your Personally Enrolled team, especially while on the go. The app allows you to share tips and support through the activity feed and allows your Customers to reach out to you directly and share their experience. As an Enrolling Sponsor/Coach, IsaLife provides you with priority notifications so you know exactly when to reach out to your Customers.
How do I send a direct message to someone in my team?
Tap the Settings icon and then My Personally Enrolled Team. Once you've located your Personally Enrolled team member, tap on their name to access their profile and post a message to their activity feed. Your Personally Enrolled team member will receive a notification on their activity feed, letting them know they need to view a message.


text:
Help:Wiki questions
< Help
This is a question and answer forum for wiki-related help. Please ask editing-related questions here.
Renaming iGEM lab notebook name
We are trying to edit our lab notebook name, but we can't find out how. We want to change the '2009' into '2013'
Can you help us out? Thanks
External Links
Is there anyway to add external links to open in a new window (equivalent to target="_blank" function)? Thanks. *Sung-Hye Grieco 15:23, 1 February 2011 (EST)
I'm trying to set up a menu in a lab template, with little boxes for each major section of the site. I'd like to have it so that when you click on, say, the "research" box, when you're on the "research" page (and lower-level pages), the "research" box appears in a different color. Is there a way to do this with the template system? Thanks very much-- *Kunal Mehta 05:24, 30 July 2010 (EDT):
Biblio & Show / Hide
Hi, I would like to know if it is possible to do the following. I think it's a really useful way of displaying a bibliography:
<showhide>2002-2007 Publications__HIDER__ <hide> <biblio> #[[Streptomyces:PublicationsKelemen]] </biblio> </hide> </showhide>
I can get the biblio tags to work fine & display the list on Streptomyces:PublicationsKelemen page, just not in a useful show/hide display. I thought this would be good to show publications in 5 year groups that a reader could show/hide rather than one great long list. If someone knows a way around this, i would be grateful for some help.
Jim @ Streptomyces 11:59, 13 March 2007 (GMT)
- Reshma 09:11, 13 March 2007 (EDT): Just tried playing around with this at the Sandbox and couldn't make it work either. I think the extension itself might have to be changed to accommodate what you want to do. You could try leaving a note on Martin Jambon's talk page. He might be able to help since he wrote the Biblio extension. (Though the problem could be with the show/hide extension.)
Thanks for your suggestion Reshma, I left a message on Martin Jambon's talk page. He's not sure about it, but said he'll contact someone about the show/hide code. Jim @ Streptomyces 06:36, 16 March 2007 (EDT)
- Austin Che 14:38, 18 March 2007 (EDT): I'm deprecating the showhide extension so don't use it any more. There are much too many problems with it and it's unnecessary. I've rewritten something that is completely editable via the wiki and is much better in every way. See OpenWetWare:Toggle for more details. Your example code above can be changed to:
2002-2007 Publications {{hide| <biblio> #[[Streptomyces:PublicationsKelemenList]] </biblio> }}
Streptomyces 07:07, 20 March 2007 (EDT) Great / brilliant. Thanks :-)
Openness of openwetware
- Thanks for help with my last question. I am now curious about where I can go to download the openwetware software or the database dumps. Is this currently possible? PaulGrayson 02:16, 30 January 2007 (EST)
OWW is running the stock Mediawiki software with several extensions. We have recently started making the daily dumps of all revisions of all OWW pages available in XML format here. --Ilya 03:43, 30 January 2007 (EST)
Thanks for the link. I'm thinking that any lab seriously using openwetware will want to maintain a complete local backup of their contributions, so how about a way to download all of the uploaded files as well? Eventually it might be important for you to make it possible for a lab to get a complete backup of its files with a single click. PaulGrayson 16:25, 6 February 2007 (EST)
I'm in the process of setting up a lab site. My lab currently maintains its own wiki, and I hope to move most or all of it to OWW. Parts of it need to stay private, especially as we use it for writing papers with collaborators who don't want to make paper drafts public. From poking around on OWW, I see that there are private wikis. What's involved in setting one of these up -- I haven't been able to find documentation. Gordon Fox 23:23, 27 February 2009 (EST)
Very small edit window
- Hello, I just joined the site and edited my first page. But the edit form is so small! It's only 3 lines high. By contrast, Wikipedia gives me a 30-line high form. Was this a conscious decision, or is the problem unique to my computer? I don't think it is because of a small window - there is a ton of white space (actually, blue space) below the form. PaulGrayson 00:50, 30 January 2007 (EST)
- You can change it by going to 'my preferences' in the top right of the screen. Select 'Editing', then change the number of rows.-Jkm
- That said, I'm not sure why that happens, but it depends on who created your account (or, more likely, on how they did it). When I create an account at Special:Userlogin&type=signup, it gives 25 rows. A number of people (BioControl folks) have had the same problem - but I'm not sure who created their accounts (not me).-Jkm
- Thanks Josh for noticing this. There was a bug in the user system that I've patched so new accounts should not have this problem. I've also updated most existing accounts that may have been affected by this with a more reasonable window size. --Austin Che 14:32, 7 February 2007 (EST)
Wiki mystery #1
Question from skoch3
I noticed that when I created a lab notebook per the instructions, I have convenient links automatically at the top of the page (to go back to main notebook). I suspect this may be do to the "calendar" extensions, but it's sort of magic to me. Is there some way to do this for otherpages with the forward slash heirarchy?--Skoch3 01:36, 20 January 2007 (EST)
- Reshma 16:43, 20 January 2007 (EST): This happens automatically whenever you use forward slashes in page names. For example, Reshma Shetty/Thesis research has an automatic backlink to Reshma Shetty.
- Skoch3 22:03, 20 January 2007 (EST): Thanks for the help, Reshma -- I had thought this may be true. My specific page I am thinking of is: PHYC500/2007:Discussions/Steve_Koch_talk. I do see the backlinks on your page, but not on this one. I wonder if it's because of (a) the 2007:Discussions part of the link or (b) the template I am using (the normal course template)? Thanks if you have more hints!
- Reshma 11:25, 21 January 2007 (EST): Hey, Steve. OK with a little bit of playing around, I figured it out. It was because the page PHYC500 did not exist that you weren't getting any backlinks. I've created PHYC500 and made it a redirect to PHYC500/2007 and so it looks like the backlinks are all showing up now. Sorry about the trouble.
Thank you!
- Skoch3 16:14, 21 January 2007 (EST): Thanks for fixing that! It would have taken me quite a while to figure that out, but hopefully I'll remember for the next time. Thanks for doing the research! I'll see if I can find a place to add a tip under the "courses" instructions.
Wiki mystery #2
Question from skoch3
Some pages I use (such as the user talk pages) have a "+" button that is convenient. For example, I would like to use that button in my lab notebook. Is there some way of adding that button to other pages? This again is a mystery to me. Thanks!--Skoch3 01:36, 20 January 2007 (EST) PS: Am I supposed to delete questions when I they've been answered or leave them for others to learn???
Etiquette for disk usage?
Question by skoch3
I'm new to OWW and to wikis in general. I'm curious whether there are limits on individual file sizes or total disk usage by a user / group? My current question is related to seminar slides and movies for the course I am adding to OWW. Not sure how soon I will hear back (and am wary of bugging you all too much on email!) so I will go ahead and try it now at a cost of about 40 MB. But definitely would like to know the etiquette for the future!--Skoch3 00:21, 19 January 2007 (EST)
There's no official policy on large file uploads although we have tried to not have limits on file sizes. However, OWW shouldn't be treated as a file storage area. For large movies, putting them on another service like Google Video and embedding it or linking from OWW works fine (kind of like the video on the front page of OWW). --Austin Che 10:09, 19 January 2007 (EST)
--Skoch3 13:15, 19 January 2007 (EST)
dewikifying problem
Question by halayc
I am trying to dewikify this page:http://www.openwetware.org/wiki/Richard_Lab . I followed the subfiles naming convention, and created the page Dewikify:Richard_Lab , and added " !BODY! in the content. The problem is that I still don't automatically get the dewikified version when I go to http://www.Richard_Lab.openwetware.org. Any suggestions? Please email me back at halayc @ gmail.com .
--Sri Kosuri (talk) 21:17, 22 October 2006 (CDT)
Case issue with dewikify
I am having the same problem. The wikified page is located at http://www.openwetware.org/wiki/BDRD, and I created a Dewikify:BDRD page (not sure if that step is necessary if I just want to use the default). http://bdrd.openwetware.org does not send me to an automatically dewikified version of BDRD. Instead it sends me to the openwetware homepage. --Stewarta 16:53, 18 December 2006 (EST)
- Reshma 17:20, 18 December 2006 (EST): I think the problem with BDRD is a case problem. The dewikify extension is looking for a page named Bdrd rather than BDRD. I believe that this can be fixed manually on the OpenWetWare server side, but I don't have access. Either Austin Che or Ilya Sytchev will be able to fix this for you. If you give it a day, I think they will get to it. Sorry for the trouble!
- Jasonk 18:25, 18 December 2006 (EST): OK, I added a redirect from Bdrd to BDRD and that looks to have fixed it: http://bdrd.openwetware.org. (not sure if this is the best long term solution (have to see what austin/ilya say), but should work for now.
- Andrew Stewart 09:42, 19 December 2006 (EST): Ya know, it had occurred to me that that might be the problem. Redirect should work just fine, I would think. Thanks.
- Andrew Stewart 10:01, 19 December 2006 (EST): Perhaps I spoke too soon. I've changed the content of BDRD since the redirect from Bdrd to BDRD was created, however the page generated from http://bdrd.openwetware.org still shows the same content that existed on that page at the time the redirect was created. I wonder if the redirect is somehow preventing the dewikify script from updating its knowledge of the contents on BDRD?
- Jasonk 15:28, 19 December 2006 (EST): OK, should be updated now. The problem is that the dewikify script updates the dewikfied page once a day, currently. You can read about it here: Dewikify#Cache - but you can force it to update immediately by visiting the link http://bdrd.openwetware.org/x. If you think it would be better to have it update after every change rather than once a day contact Austin Che - looks like he was soliciting feedback about this based on the Dewikify page.
Similar dewikify question
I am having a similar dewikifying problem as the above user. I am trying to dewikify this page:http://www.openwetware.org/wiki/Wei_He. I followed the subfiles naming convention, and created the page Dewikify:Wei_He , and added " !BODY! in the content. The problem is that I still don't automatically get the dewikified version. Could anyone help? Thanks a lot! (Wei 10/4/2007)
- Austin Che 19:19, 4 October 2007 (EDT): It appeared you edited OpenWetWare:Getting started instead of Dewikify:Wei He. Second, you don't need to edit the Dewikify:Wei He page at all especially if you are just going to put !BODY! in it. I'm not sure what you were trying but I've created a new mapping so the following should work for you: http://weihe.openwetware.org/
Thanks a lot for your help! It was an accident that we edited the openwetware:getting started paper. I'm still trying to learn how to use wiki. Again, I truly appreciated your help!
dewikify question
similar problem: I dont get dewikified version of http://openwetware.org/wiki/Li_Lab.
- Austin Che 13:08, 15 November 2007 (CST): What are you trying to dewikify it to? http://li.openwetware.org/ is the dewikified version of http://openwetware.org/wiki/Li which I've made a redirect to http://openwetware.org/wiki/Li_Lab. However, if you want the links to stay on the dewikified site, you need all pages to begin with Li: not Li_Lab:
dewikify question again
Thanks Austin, can I dewikify http://openwetware.org/wiki/Li_Lab to http://lilab.openwetware.org/ or http://li_lab.openwetware.org/, thanks a million. -Wei
- Austin Che 14:36, 16 November 2007 (CST): http://lilab.openwetware.org/ should work for you now.
Does anyone know how to cycle repetitive codes without the use for copying and pasting for every day of the calendar? please email me back firstname.lastname@example.com
LaTex to Wiki
Diacritical marks and special symbols/characters: how is a hacek/caron symbol created? In LaTex, such a symbol over a lowercase "s" would be Bene\v{s}.
Sri Kosuri 17:01, 4 April 2006 (EDT): Here are two resources you can look at
- Mediawiki markup - You can directly encode characters using mediawiki's markup language.
- If you need to do math equations, you can directly use LaTex format using the math markup. For example, see this page
Hope this helps... if it didn't, update it here, and I'm sure there will be other ways to solve the problem.
- One option is to cut and paste from a caron/hacek Wiki page. However, the result depends upon the character size in a browser: Beneš
Password protection
- Pdextras 13:05, 24 March 2006 (EST): Does anyone know if it's possible to restrict access to a document to specific users?
- RS 14:12, 24 March 2006 (EST): Sorry but we don't have a way of doing this on OpenWetWare. You can put the document in your own public directory and restrict access to it using htaccess and just link to it from OpenWetWare if you like. You can read more about the debate over whether to permit restricting access to certain pages on OWW at the ideas archive.
Uploading pdfs
- RS 13:10, 19 March 2006 (EST): I tried several times to upload this pdf to OpenWetWare but every time it gave me the following error message "The file you uploaded seems to be empty. This might be due to a typo in the file name. Please check whether you really want to upload this file." I've tried resaving the file using Adobe Acrobat and Preview as well as remaking the file by printing to pdf from Microsoft Powerpoint but nothing works. I was able to successfully upload another pdf file just fine. A quick google search reveals that you can get this message if you are approaching the maximum file size or the maximum http request size (see Mediawiki on uploading file). (My file size is 2 MB.) Anyone have a good solution to this?
- Sri Kosuri 17:05, 19 March 2006 (EST): I believe we set the upload limit to 10MB. For example, see this PDF. I don't know about the maximum http request size. Maybe something broke on one of our upgrades? Anyone else have a clue?
- Ilya 13:28, 28 April 2006 (EDT): This was caused by a change of server configuration after upgrade to PHP5. I'm working with Biosupport to resolve this.
- Ilya 14:51, 1 May 2006 (EDT): I have implemented a workaround to increase the file size limit. It is now set to 20MB but you'll receive a warning if you upload something larger than 10MB.
Image links
Question 2
- Burak YILMAZ 17.28, 02 may 2009 (EST): I wanna ask How can I put a picture as a backround in my site.And how can put button on my banner .
- Steve Koch 15:10, 2 May 2009 (EDT): Hi Burak, I don't think I'm going to be able to answer your question, but hopefully someone else can. Just to clarify, though: Do you want to change from the regular white background to an image background? I don't know if that's possible. Also, you want an actual button (clickable image) versus just a link on your banner?
Question 1
- Nikolai.windbichler 05:05, 10 March 2006 (EST): I have this small problem: On this site I want the image to link to the .doc file which can be found when clicking on the link above the image. How would I do that? I searched a little bit through oww and wiki help sites but couldn't get ot done. If you have any ideas please let me know.
- RS 09:22, 10 March 2006 (EST): Have you tried looking at the code for the Main Page? The icons under the OWW logo do something similar. It looks something like this {{Click || image=MainPage LookChange.jpg | link=Highlights:Considering_a_new_look | width=50px | height=50px }}. By replacing the link= field with your link, I assume you would get what you want. Hope this helps.
- Nikolai.windbichler 17:25, 10 March 2006 (EST): Thank you. It is very close to what I want but now not the whole area of the image links to the file but only the left half of it. I'm not sure why that is tough. Well 50% is not bad when you start at 0. ;)
- BC 19:48, 3 April 2006 (EDT):Sorry this is so late, but you should be able to fix this by reading the discussion on this page - Template talk:Click. If you have any problems getting this fix to work, let me know.
Printable Subsections
- smd 12:58, 26 April 2006 (EDT):
- Anyone know of an extension/patch that has been written to display a printable version of a subsection of a wiki page? It would be great for printing protocols or other partial documents if (for example) next to the [edit] link there was a [printable] link, which took you to a URL that looked something like:
If anyone has interest in this, I could possibly just write it myself, but I'm a little busy these days. I thought I'd check here first. Thanks.
Deleting pages
- <font=red>If I want to delete a website, how can I do that?
- Austin Che 07:34, 27 April 2007 (EDT): Include {{deleteme}} on the page and an admin will delete the page eventually.
Loss of session data
Logging out and logging back in doesn't help. On my publications page, the error actually prevents me from editing at all. Help! Thanks --Drummond 12:12, 19 June 2007 (EDT)
- Austin Che 13:51, 19 June 2007 (EDT): The warning message is harmless. That's a side effect of it trying to preview for you. Go into your preferences->editing and uncheck "Show preview on first edit". That should get rid of the warning message. I'm not sure why you can't edit your publications page. It seems to work for me.
- Reshma 14:00, 19 June 2007 (EDT): Also, if you just click the button again, it should work.
- Ilya 14:03, 19 June 2007 (EDT): I sometimes receive this error message when my session times out while I edit a page in one Firefox tab, then open a new tab, log back in from there and try to save the page in the first tab. If logging out and back in doesn't help, simply refresh your browser session. In Firefox 2 you can go to Tools -> Clear Private Data, select Cookies and Authenticated Sessions, then click Clear Private Data Now. Then after you log in again, everything should be back to normal.
Drummond 14:53, 19 June 2007 (EDT): Thanks. The first suggestion seemed to do it; the last suggestion didn't seem to affect the problem. I'm now happily editing, error-free.
Biblio comment disruption
I learned how to add comments to a biblio entry (see here). On one of my pages, adding a comment disrupts the rest of the biblio entries. Are we running the latest biblio?
- Reshma 10:21, 5 October 2007 (EDT): It appears that we're not running the latest version of Biblio ... we're running 0.7 and the latest is 0.8. I am not sure if this is why your comment is not working. Sorry about that. I'll mention is to Bill. And sorry that it took so long to get a response.
Setting up lab page: how to link to template?
I followed the instructions for setting up a new lab page Help:Starting_a_lab_wiki and got to the point where the actual lab page is supposed to be linked to the new template:
- First, go to the generic lab wiki page (open it in a new browser window if you want to keep reading this text).
- Click Image:EditButton.jpg and copy all the wiki markup on that page.
However, this step brings me back to the generic TEMPLATE template, not the lab template. So there is no working description how to use the Template for a lab page. PS: the template is Templates:PrbbBB
Repeat of problem
I am currently experiencing the same problem ... the lab template is linking to the generic Template template.
I also noticed that when following the instructions for setting up the new template. The instructions direct you to replace Image:Placeholder.png in Template:LabNamewith the appropriate link for your own image. However Template:LabName doesn't contain any image references.
- DAD 22:52, 4 July 2008 (UTC): This may have occurred because a user had moved the Template:LabName page (presumably without knowing what they were doing). I've restored the page; try again and see if things work this time.
Math rendering problem
I'm getting errors trying to render even very simple math equations: "Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): n_i(t)"
Should replicate here: [math]\displaystyle{ n_i(t) }[/math]
I can correctly render anything that has previously been rendered on the site, such as [math]\displaystyle{ n_i }[/math], suggesting that caching is at work; novel math expressions fail to parse and render. See, e.g., Drummond:PopGen. Help! Thanks -- DAD 21:25, 4 July 2008 (UTC):
- Austin Che 14:13, 6 July 2008 (UTC): Thanks. We forget to install some programs on a server move. Should work now.
- DAD 14:37, 6 July 2008 (UTC): It does indeed! Thank you.
Superscript/Subscript line spacing adjustment
When I use superscripts or subscripts in a line of wiki text, the affected characters slightly disrupt the regular line spacing in the document because they are respectively higher or lower than the standard line of text. Is there a way to adjust the line spacing or super- sub- script formatting to compensate for this effect?
Tyler (July 30, 2008)
- Reshma 13:59, 30 July 2008 (UTC): Hey Tyler. In searching quickly, it seems that there is some discussion of fixes (see [1]). But they involve modifying the .css file. (So there is no quick fix that you can do in the page itself. You have to change how browsers format the text.) Are you interested in fixing the spacing issue just for yourself or anyone who views the page? If you want to fix it for everyone, I'd suggest contacting Bill Flanagan, the technical developer at bill AT openwetare.org. But from a brief reading at the link above, it seems like it might be pretty hard to get sub- and superscript looking nice across all browsers.
RSS feeds: complicated Boolean filtering
- Alex O. Holcombe 18:02, 3 September 2008 (EDT):Having RSS feeds is great, and of course being able to filter by lab is essential
For example, here is the feed for the Endy lab: http://openwetware.org/index.php?filter=Endy&feed=rss&title=Special:Recentchanges But I need one more level of filtering, to exclude changes made by myself! Otherwise my RSS feed gets totally crowded by all the changes I already know about, because I myself made them. Is there any way to do this?
Automatic reference list generation
Is there some way to include an automatic list of references from PubMed? In HTML, this code works:
href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=PubMed&details_term=Beauchamp MS[Author]"
But the spaces and square brackets seem to mess up mediawiki. Thanks! Mike
I can't seem to use the normal references tags: I would like to use footnotes so that the full reference is visible, like this<ref>Muratore, KE. (2011) ''A Journal.'' '''1''' 1:1-10.[[doi:12.3456/abcdefg]]</ref>.
Kathryn Muratore 12:25, 24 May 2011 (EDT)
Automatic reference list Errors with PubMed
There seems to be errors when linking to PubMed using the method that's been working for 2 years.
Please advise about the new method. Thanks, Andor
Yes, please fix biblio!
Please let us know what the plan is! This makes my publications page unreadable -- right in the middle of a job search. (For others looking on, this issue is known: see here, although the fix is not.) Thanks! DAD
Specifying list starting value
- Kathryn Muratore 16:46, 29 June 2011 (EDT):Wikipedia's help says that you can specify a list's starting value by inserting <li value="x"> (where x is the number you want to start at) after the # in a list. I tried to do this here on OWW and I get a "1." first with nothing after it, and then the next line starts with the number I specify. (See here. If you change the value of x to "9" or something, you'll see what I mean more clearly - the extra 1 doesn't go away.) At the same time, I confirmed that this is the correct code over at Wikipedia. Anyone know why this isn't working and if there's a way around it without completely switching over to html lists?
Unsolicited page redirect
- One entry in my lab notebook has been automatically redirected to someone else's main page by a nonexistent user, "Redirect fixer". How did this happen, and how can I prevent this in the future? (I have since restored my entry). Thanks!
Delete account
- I accidentally made 2 accounts. How do I delete one? Thanks.
Delete uploaded file
- How do you delete a file that was uploaded. I uploaded an incorrect file and I want to delete it, but I can't figure out how. Thanks!
- Me too - how do you delete uploaded files ??
- I have the same issue. How can I delete a file?
Can't upload .pptx file
- I'm getting an error saying that the file I'm uploading is "empty". This appears to be the same problem some people were having back in 2006. I'm trying to upload a 3.7MB .pptx file. Is there another server update that is causing this? Thanks.
--Shelly Peyton 12:27, 19 January 2014 (EST)
- Me too. Was working fine a few days ago, but am now having trouble uploading a 350K .png image.
Matthew Todd 20:02, 20 January 2014 (EST):
- Also getting this same "empty" file error message with all file types tried. Glad to see I am not crazy. Thanks for the support.
Meg Bentley 15:47, 21 January 2014 (EST)
- Hi from the sysadmin -- I apologize for the difficulty. I'm tracking down why this happened and how to fix it.
--Jeff Brock 21:13, 22 January 2014 (EST) - This is now fixed. Thanks for your patience.
--Jeff Brock 17:57, 30 January 2014 (EST):
MySQL returned error 126?
When trying to update a couple of pages recently (just now this one) I've received an error page containing all text on the page, unformatted, along with a message at the bottom reading "from within function "SearchMySQL::update". MySQL returned error "126: Incorrect key file for table './owwdb/searchindex.MYI'; try to repair it (localhost)"." Not sure what this means. When I return to the page I was editing the edit has gotten through, so it's not clear what the error was.
- Matthew Todd 06:52, 22 March 2015 (EDT):
Line spacing
When trying to update a couple of pages recently (just now this one) I'm having a problem adjusting the top text box line spacing for a subset of the text box to be single-spaced lines. I can change font attributes but not line spacing. Any suggestions? Thanks!!
- Virginia_Rich 06:52, 4 August 2015 (EDT):


text:
Your SmileIs Our Results
Look GreatAnd Feel Confident
Experience,Patience And Trust
All that is good begins with a SMILE.
When you visit our office, your smile is our top priority. Our entire team is dedicated to providing you with the personalized, gentle care that you deserve.
Part of our commitment to serving our patients includes providing information that helps them to make more informed decisions about their oral health needs. This website is a resource we hope you'll find both useful and interesting.
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text: No one does body lift kits better than Performance Accessories. When you purchase a lift kit for your truck or SUV you want to go home and install it, with no problems. Performance Accessories works hard to make that reality. Not only do they design every body lift kit in Chino Valley AZ, USA, they also manufacture all the parts (spacers, steering extensions, bumper brackets, etc.) and assemble all of the kits there as well. Put that together with their easy-to-follow instructions and you have a winning combination!


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Lost Red Sox Title Ring Returned By Yankees Fan
Here is the the story as it went viral from Associated Press:
NEW YORK (AP) — A lost Red Sox World Series ring is back on the finger of its owner, thanks to a nifty pickup by an ardent New York Yankees fan.
Manhattan restaurant owner Luigi Militello could hardly believe it when he found the shiny 2013 championship ring on a restroom sink at his Luke's Bar and Grill on Thursday night.
It was the real thing, with diamonds and sapphires and rubies, set in 14-carat white gold, with the Red Sox emblem, a Boston Strong logo and an image of the team's bearded ballplayers.
"I was like, geez, it's big. Who would leave this here?" Militello told The Associated Press. "I'm a big Yankee fan. What are the chances of this happening?"
Drew Weber had dined at the restaurant earlier, it's one of his favorite spots. He's a New York businessman and also owns the Lowell Spinners, a thriving Red Sox Class A minor league team in Massachusetts.
Big league teams often reward executives throughout their organization with World Series rings. The Red Sox haven't put a value on these pieces of jewelry — the rings they presented for winning the 2004 crown were worth about $30,000.
Weber said this was the first time he'd worn the ring outside.
"I went looking around my apartment and started having palpitations. Sweat was pouring off my forehead," he told the AP. "I'm looking at my finger and it's not there."
Hoping against hope, Weber called Luke's after midnight. Militello answered the phone and said, yep, he had the ring.
"But this being Yankees-Red Sox, I started razzing him. I told him he wasn't getting it so easily. I was playing with him, a lot," Militello said.
Said Weber: "I was like, 'Who am I dealing with?'"
They quickly put aside their rooting interests, met the next day at the restaurant, returned the ring and spent 25 minutes talking baseball.
Militello was insistent that he wouldn't accept any money. He tried to persuade Weber to call into a local sports radio show and disparage the Red Sox, but that didn't work.
Instead, Weber and the Red Sox have invited Militello to make his first trip to Fenway Park for the regular-season finale on Sept. 28. That's also scheduled to be the final game for retiring Yankees star Derek Jeter.
"Going for his send-off, that's pretty great," Militello said.
"He asked if he could wear his Yankees paraphernalia," Weber said. "I couldn't answer him."
Weber also is making a contribution to a charity Militello chose that helps relief efforts for Superstorm Sandy damage on Fire Island.
Militello is enjoying the benefits from his find — he posted a picture of himself wearing the ring and enjoyed telling his story, to friends and to Scott Mandel, who runs the website www.sportsreporters.com that covers sports in New York and beyond.
Weber also liked how things turned out. He met a new pal, and now feels a little wiser, too.
"The ring and Drew Weber have learned their lesson," he said. "That ring is going on no more road trips."


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"It's particularity is to call for a pot de yaourt (a tub of yogurt), and to use the empty pot to measure out the rest of the ingredients." —Chocolate & Zucchini
The first cookbook I owned was called Look! I Can Cook! I still have it on my shelf. The binding is coming apart and there are some scribbles on the Lemon Meringue Pie page, but the most memorable thing I remember from this book is this quote:
"Remember that all good cooks clean up after themselves."
I decided it was time my children learned to make French Yogurt Cake to complement their Wacky Cake and Chocolate Chip Cookie repertoire. So they each took a turn preparing a part of this recipe. And we tried using the one-yogurt-tub form of measurement too.
1. Yogurt
2. Eggs
3. Vanilla
4. Whisk
Helper #2:
1. Sugar
2. Lemon zest
3. Blend with fingers
Helper #3:
1. Flour
2. Ground Almonds
3. Pinch of salt
4. Baking Powder
Helper #3 again:
1. Blend everything
2. Oil
3. Blend again
Yogurt is more abundant in France. David Lebovitz did a post in 2005 about the yogurt at his local grocery store. Heck, leave the yogurt out of it…I want one of those beautiful containers. Carol Gillott from Paris Breakfasts painted the yogurt container and uses them to hold water for her watercolors.
This cake relies on the flavor of the oil. In fact, you should taste the oil before using it in this cake (if only to make sure it hasn't gone rancid).
I tried using both Extra-Virgin Olive Oil (EVO) and vegetable oil. Although the olive oil is fruity and nice to use in cooking, we didn't like it in this cake. Its flavor was too prominent and overshadowed the delicate lemon flavor. We loved the vegetable oil version much better. However, don't let me stop you from trying it yourself. Here's a link to Dorie's version on Serious Eats that uses EVO.
As for the marmalade drizzle, you can read all about my Seville Orange Marmalade in my previous post.
After a bit of digging, I found some adorable posters that help French children make this cake.
Makes 8 servings (8½ x 4½ inch loaf pan)
½ cup ground almonds
2 teaspoons baking powder
Pinch of salt
1 cup sugar
Grated zest of 1 lemon
½ cup plain yogurt
3 large eggs
¼ teaspoon pure vanilla extract
½ cup flavorless oil, such as canola or safflower
For the Glaze:
½ cup lemon marmalade, strained
1 teaspoon water
You can find the recipe for French Yogurt Cake with Marmalade Glaze in the book Baking: From My Home to Yours by Dorie Greenspan or here. To see how the rest of the TWD group fared with this week's recipe, click here and then click on each blogger! Thanks to Liliana from My Cookbook Addiction who chose the recipe for this week.
Tasting Notes
The light lemon flavor in this tender and moist cake was delicious on its own, but drizzled with the marmalade made it that much more tasty. Two of my kids liked it on its own, but the third ate a chocolate chip cookie instead. Two out of three isn't bad.
Recipe for Next Week (March 24)
Blueberry Crumb Cake on pages 224-225 chosen by Sihan of Befuddlement.
My Bucket List
Links to other French Yogurt Cakes
• Andrea from Rookie Cookery: French Yogurt Cake
• Joy from Joy the Baker: Yogurt Grapefruit Cake
• Molly from Orangette: French-Style Yogurt Cake with Lemon
• Yummyaourt: How I fell in love with food: my first yogurt cake
If you like this blog, you can subscribe and get updates automatically.


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Thursday, February 11, 2010
The Two-Streams Hypothesis
One of the discoveries that has come out of these new data is the realization that that visual processing divides into two streams, which end up in very different parts of the brain.
According to Dr. Margaret Stratford Livingston, Professor of neurobiology at Harvard University, the visual brain processes tonal information separately from color information.
(Addendum: I changed the image thanks to a different way of processing them--Thanks, Nick! The image on the left has only luminance, but the one on the right has color information with luminance removed.)
The two streams originate in the retina, which begins some low-level processing. The information pathways route back to the optical cortex at the back of the brain. Although there is some crossover and interaction, the two streams are largely kept separate, from the level of the retina all the way to the higher-level vision centers of the brain.
The area of the brain that interprets tone is several inches away from the area that interprets color, making the experience of tone and color distinct physiological experiences, as distinct as sight and hearing.
The color stream (in blue), is also called the ventral stream or the "what" stream. It is more concerned with recognizing, identifying, and responding to objects. Color processing through the ventral stream is a capacity that is shared only by higher primates, not the bulk of other mammals.
I asked Dr. Livingstone if she would describe more differences between the "where" and "what" streams? In particular, is one stream more associated with emotional response or higher cognitive function?
"I don't know about emotions," she said, "but the dorsal (what) stream is certainly more associated with higher, conscious functions and awareness." (Addendum: I believe Dr. Livingstone misspoke here, and meant the ventral stream.)
The difference between these two streams may explain why classically-trained artists use a strategy of planning the tonal organization of their compositions separately from the color scheme.
"The Artist at the Easel" by Sadie Dingfelder, February 2010 Monitor magazine of the American Psychological Association.
Two-Streams Hypothesis on Wikipedia
28 comments:
- mordicai said...
Don't cross the streams!
- February 11, 2010 at 7:17 AM
- sam said...
Fascinating. Thank you for your blog and your recent interview on Sidebar. How do you come up with all this stuff? Simply amazing!
- February 11, 2010 at 8:41 AM
- James Gurney said...
Thanks, Sam, The topic today was sent to me by a blog reader, and I apologize to that person for failing to take note of your name.
- February 11, 2010 at 8:46 AM
- Susan Adsett said...
Well, speaking of blog readers sending you stuff - have you seen this? http://www.vischeck.com/examples/daltArt.php
It's a website that will show you what a picture (or another website) looks like to someone who is colorblind. It's fascinating to see just how much information gets lost. The link above will take you to the page where they "colorblind" and then "correct" several famous paintings - but if you go here: http://www.vischeck.com/vischeck/vischeckImage.php you can run their program on any image you like. I tried it on my website - some paintings changed completely, and others hardly at all. - February 11, 2010 at 8:57 AM
- Mary Bullock said...
Interesting Info, Jim. It does make sense when you analyze how you see things as an artist - they really are two different things.
- February 11, 2010 at 9:14 AM
- Nick Woolridge said...
Hi Jim,
Fascinating as usual... You demonstration image could actually show the difference more clearly, since the left side shows only luminance (tone), but the right side shows luminance + colour. A pure luminance vs colour representation looks like this:
This is closer to what the visual system actually processes, and demonstrates why colour alone is effectively useless for most scene recognition tasks. Luminance contrast is necessary for the recognition of objects, depth, and movement.
Nick (your admirer from Biomedical Communications at the University of Toronto) - February 11, 2010 at 10:46 AM
- Nick Woolridge said...
My URL got trimmed, here's a shorter one:
Nick - February 11, 2010 at 10:48 AM
- Cheri said...
I think you mistakenly called the dorsal stream the what pathway - it is the where pathway (a typo, I'm sure). The ventral stream is more associated with the temporal region that is responsible for language (defining objects), and the dorsal stream is more associated with the parietal region which is more associated with movement and spatial relationships.
I just took a sensation and perception class as part of my psychology requirements. I really think this class should be made available to all artists, and that all artists should take it. Knowing how the brain perceives the world we live in might change the way an artist represents them in his or her work! - February 11, 2010 at 10:52 AM
- Daroo said...
For painting, It'd be handy if we could actually manually switch between the two streams -- first perceiving only values then looking at the color information.
But wait a minute, would that color information stream be devoid of any values? Like a gel or colored glass?
If so that means our perception functions analogously to the grisaille/ glazing method of painting. - February 11, 2010 at 10:55 AM
- Sam Nielson said...
I love this type of information. Thanks for your ceaseless (if a little futile) effort to make me smarter!
- February 11, 2010 at 11:07 AM
- Susan Adsett said...
Nick, your link is awesome - it actually helps explain a problem I've been having in my own paintings. I'm fine with tonal drawings, but when I work in color, I end up with something like the color representation. So I'm obviously having problems figuring out tone when using color.
Now if only I knew how to FIX that problem. - February 11, 2010 at 11:11 AM
- Daroo said...
Nick - Thanks for the link. That's what I was trying to say.
I think that is why, while I enjoy a lot of the pure impressionists work, I really prefer paintings that have decent color but also have a full value range -- Les valeurs as Carolus-Duran would say. - February 11, 2010 at 11:22 AM
- James Gurney said...
Thanks, Nick! I've switched the image for the one you sent.
Cheri, If you mean the dorsal/ventral confusion in Dr. Livingstone's quote, I think you're right. I feel fairly sure she misspoke, but I quoted her reply verbatim.
I should also mention that that the hypothesis as I've stated it is somewhat oversimplified and controversial. Not all agree that the streams are separated all the way along. But I believe the basic principle that there are many tasks of vision and they're managed by different areas of the brain is generally accepted. - February 11, 2010 at 11:27 AM
- OSweetNature said...
This makes sense in that some artists are stronger tonal artists, focusing on mass and form; and some artists are stronger as colorists.
- February 11, 2010 at 12:38 PM
- Chris Whetzel said...
Yet another reason to focus on value over color. Also,I suppose the far distance between the areas of the brain could be seen as beneficial. For example, if they were closer to one another, perhaps those that are colorblind would have problems discerning value as well?
- February 11, 2010 at 12:42 PM
- The Phillustrator said...
This is fascinating. I took the liberty of combining the separate images in photoshop. I put the Luminosity image above the Value and set it to multiply. I think you'll find the results interesting.
[URL=http://img121.imageshack.us/i/combinedy.jpg/][IMG]http://img121.imageshack.us/img121/6642/combinedy.th.jpg[/IMG][/URL] - February 11, 2010 at 2:20 PM
- The Phillustrator said...
Sorry, here's a proper link.
http://yfrog.com/3dcombinedyj - February 11, 2010 at 2:21 PM
- Lyndon said...
Phillustrator - For a strict reconstruction you want to put the colour image on to and use 'color'.
(actually I just tried that with another image and it doesn't work perfectly. odd.)
I believe you result would be almost identical to sliding down the levels on the original. - February 11, 2010 at 9:48 PM
- Tyler J said...
Very interesting topic and some great contributions. I am amazed at the combined image, but I suppose I shouldn't be.
I have found that my best pieces have started with working in graphite to create an interesting design first and then working on the color component second. Perhaps it's because of the split in the brain or maybe it's just the extra planning. - February 12, 2010 at 12:20 AM
- Roberto said...
This does not surprise me (but it is still really amazing) since the retina collects tonal and chromatic information separately (via rods and cones), and the retina is actually a little piece of brain tissue in the eye! What is really important about this is to realize that an image works on more than one level (at least two!) in our brains. Since the oldest (more primitive) part is the tonal information, it is vital that the tonal composition is coherent and as strong as possible: ie. interesting shapes (silhouettes and positive/negative relationships etc.) with balanced tonal relationships (shapewelding, rhythm, etc.).
The chromatic information is (relatively) newer and conveys a more emotional and sensual (poetic? musical?) quality.
I think it is important to realize that these two systems are not totally independent of each other: You can create 'tonal' relationships with pure color ( yellow is 'lighter' than purple, while green and red can both = gray); and the optical sensation of color can be generated by black and white (such as on a spinning disk).
Great post Jimmy G. (and Fantastic interview on Sidebar, but they never even mentioned that upside-down-drawing-with-both-hands-thing that you do! Probably just an omission due to time restrictions and all.) Congratulations on the museum show too. You-the-Man, man! -RQ - February 12, 2010 at 1:57 AM
- Don Cox said...
I think that should be "three decades" rather than two, as the point is well explained in the 1985 film "Colourful Notions". I mentioned this film before when the topic of relative color came up.
The traditional method of painting (Rubens, Velasquez, Goya, etc etc) in which the forms are first modelled with white and sometimes a dark pigment (such as raw umber), and then coloured with glazes, does relate well to the way the brain works. However, in my experience students find it very hard to grasp: they are used to the idea that each patch of the image can be defined by picking a spot on the Photoshop colour editor, in one operation, or by mixing paint on a palette.
Also, they are used to starting with a white background and adding darkness. - February 12, 2010 at 6:10 AM
- Don Cox said...
You can simulate red-green blindness in Photoshop by viewing the "channels", and copying the red channel to replace the green (or vice versa), so that red and green are identical.
Or, you can mix them to simulate the more common partial color blindness. - February 12, 2010 at 6:17 AM
- James Gurney said...
Don, thanks for those clarifications.
Roberto, I agree with your take on the implications for artists.
And thanks, everyone else for your interesting comments. - February 12, 2010 at 8:22 AM
- Frank said...
Hey James,
Fascinating post. I have question about the topic, however.
You mentioned that a lot of classical artists plan their values and colors separately, but I've always tried to do them both at the same time, as value and color seem to be inseparable when it comes to the final piece. Also, I've noticed that a strong composition in terms of value isn't necessarily the strongest solution in terms of color. Could you elaborate on that statement, or show some examples of what you meant by the separate color/value studies?
frank - February 12, 2010 at 11:46 AM
- Unknown said...
if you invert the colored half of this image, then stare at the center for about half a minute (the telephone pole crossmember, say), and then look at the same point on the black and white side, your brain will conflate the two and you will see the image with both color and value. like magic!
until you move your eyes, that is. then it'll snap back to black and white.
the longer you stare at the color side, the more vibrant and long-lasting the effect will be. gotta invert it, though, for the retinal burn-in to work (otherwise the sky will be orange, the trees blue). - February 12, 2010 at 8:50 PM
- James Gurney said...
Frank, you raise a very important point. While it's usually true that any good composition should be legible in tone separately from color, there are times when you may want to play areas of equal value but differing hue or chroma against each other.
In fact, the subject of Margaret S. Livingston's study was a Monet sunset effect where the orange disk of the sun and the cool sky background was painted at equal luminance or value. The effect, she suggested, was to confuse the dorsal stream image processing, and only provide information to the ventral stream. It can be a very impressive effect if it's handled right, and a good argument for your way of doing color sketches. - February 13, 2010 at 6:02 AM
- James Gurney said...
R. W. Kretz sent me an interesting reaction to the post as an email, and gave me permission to post it in the comments here:
"My gripe with the post basically is that its drawing a conclusion from brain area activity to the nature of the visually perceptive faculty. this conclusion is drawn mediately, namely via the thesis of causality (the premise of all natural science).
However, the immediate facts about the visually perceptive faculty can be seen when we just plain look at how looking works, taking serious how visual perception "presents itself".
This said: while the blog post (i dont know if it was your point of view or you quoting the neurologist) draws the conclusion that color and tonal perception would be two seperate functions, much like seeing and hearing, seeing still does not quite care about that. and we still see things in bright/dark and hue/saturation difference simultaneously. actually, it seems to be so simultaneous that unless you train yourself to it, its really hard to perceive the properties of color as distinct instead of mashed all into one.
As a visually trained person, you sure agree how hard it is to "unlearn" this skill, once it is in place, but at the same time, how much what we see differs from what an untrained person "naively" sees." - February 16, 2010 at 12:26 PM
- Unknown said...
What was interesting to me is that when I crossed my eyes to look at the two images overlapped I could only see the black and white version in my focus. I saw colors in the periphery. I wonder what the deal with that is.
- April 8, 2013 at 10:54 AM


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Advanced Equipment and Safe Practices Ensure X-Ray Safety for Children
When it comes to our children's safety, there isn't much nowadays that isn't under scrutiny. Whether food, clothing, toys and more, we ask the same question: can it be harmful to children?
That also includes tried and true healthcare practices. One in particular, the routine x-ray, has been an integral part of dental care for nearly a century. As a means for detecting tooth decay much earlier than by sight, it has without a doubt helped save billions of teeth.
But is it safe for children? The reason to ask is because x-rays are an invisible form of electromagnetic radiation that can penetrate human tissue. As with other forms of radiation, elevated or frequent exposure to x-rays could damage tissue and increase the future risk of cancer.
But while there is potential for harm, dentists take great care to never expose patients, especially children, to that level or frequency of radiation. They incorporate a number of safeguards based on a principle followed by all healthcare professionals in regard to x-rays called ALARA, an acronym for "as low as reasonably achievable." This means dentists and physicians use as low an exposure of x-ray energy as is needed to achieve a reasonable beneficial outcome. In dentistry, that's identifying and treating tooth decay.
X-ray equipment advances are a good example of ALARA in action. Digital imaging, which has largely replaced film, requires less x-ray radiation for the same results than its older counterpart. Camera equipment has also become more efficient, with modern units containing lower settings for children to ensure the proper amount of exposure.
Dentists are also careful how often they take x-ray images with their patients, only doing so when absolutely necessary. As a result, dental patients by and large experience lower dosages of x-ray radiation in a year than they receive from natural radiation background sources found every day in the environment.
Dentists are committed to using x-ray technology in as safe and beneficial a way as possible. Still, if you have concerns please feel free to discuss it further with your dental provider. Both of you have the same goal—that your children have both healthy mouths and healthy bodies for the rest of their lives.
If you would like more information on x-ray safety for children, please contact us or schedule an appointment for a consultation. You can also learn more about this topic by reading the Dear Doctor magazine article "X-Ray Safety for Children."


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