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Saki shows her beautiful breasts
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text:
Contact Us:
Only Text E-mails
are accepted
Attachments are deleted unread.
WebToday Publishing
7 Birch Circle,
Williamson, NY 14589
THE SUPER BROTHER BOWL: Harbaugh vs. Harbaugh, but who will win?- Category:Christian_Conservative_NewsTHE SUPER BROTHER BOWL: Harbaugh vs. Harbaugh, but who will win?
We ask that you help in whatever way you can to SUPPORT OUR TROOPS.
Please visit one of the links
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
BOSTON The judge who was set to preside over the trial of reputed gangster James "Whitey" Bulger was removed from the case Thursday by a federal appeals court that found his background as a former federal prosecutor could create the appearance of bias.
In a significant victory for the defense, the 1st U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled (PDF) that U.S. District Judge Richard Stearns must step down from the case.
Bulger's lawyers argued that Stearns should be removed because he was a federal prosecutor in Boston in the 1980s. At the time, Bulger was working as an FBI informant while allegedly committing crimes, including murder.
Bulger claims he received immunity for his crimes from Jeremiah O'Sullivan, another federal prosecutor who worked in the same office as Stearns. During testimony before Congress in 2002, O'Sullivan denied protecting Bulger from prosecution for violent crimes. He died in 2009.
In its ruling (PDF), the court said it believes that Stearns — who twice rejected the defense request to step down — is sincere in his belief that he could be impartial at Bulger's trial.
But, the court wrote, "it is clear that a reasonable person might question the judge's ability to preserve impartiality through the course of this prosecution and the likely rulings made necessary by the immunity claim."
The decision was written by retired U.S. Supreme Court Justice David Souter, who sits on the federal appeals court in Boston for three months each year.
Bulger, the 83-year-old former leader of the Winter Hill Gang, is awaiting trial on charges of playing a role in 19 murders. His trial was scheduled to begin June 6, but it was not immediately clear if the trial will be postponed after it is assigned to a new judge.
Bulger's trial was scheduled to begin June 6, and it's not clear if the trial will be postponed after it is assigned to a new judge.
In written rulings denying Bulger's motions to step down from the case, Stearns said there is no connection between his former position as chief of the criminal division of the U.S. attorney's office and the O'Sullivan-led Organized Crime Strike Force that worked on the Bulger investigation. Stearns also said he had no personal knowledge of the details of the strike force's investigation of Bulger.
Although the strike force operated separately from the U.S. attorney's office, O'Sullivan was an assistant U.S. attorney and acting U.S. attorney during the time when Bulger claims he gave him immunity. Stearns held a variety of supervisory positions in the office.
"Given the institutional ties described here, the reasonable person might well question whether a judge who bore supervisory responsibility for prosecutorial activities during some of the time at issue could suppress his inevitable feelings and remain impartial," the court wrote in its ruling.
Bulger's attorneys, J.W. Carney Jr. and Hank Brennan, had no immediate comment.
In a statement, U.S. Attorney Carmen Ortiz said prosecutors will continue to prep for trial.
"We are hopeful that this opinion will not cause a delay, as it has always been our goal to try this case as soon as possible. The victims' families have waited long enough," Ortiz said.
Bulger's role as a government informant became an embarrassment for the FBI when former agent John Connolly was convicted of tipping Bulger off that he was about to be indicted on racketeering charges. Bulger fled Boston after the tipoff in late 1994 and remained a fugitive for 16 years until he was captured in Santa Monica, Calif., in 2011.
Bulger's lawyers recently denied that Bulger was ever an FBI informant, but prosecutors say there are more than 700 pages of informant reports on Bulger in the FBI's files.
Earlier this month, Stearns denied Bulger's request to present evidence to the jury of his claim that O'Sullivan gave him immunity for crimes he committed in the future, including murder. Stearns called Bulger's contention that he had a license to kill "beyond the pale."
Related Links:
- Expert: New Judge Will Have To Reconsider Bulger Immunity Claims
- PDF: Appeals Court Decision To Remove Stearns
- January 2013: Bulger's Lawyers Ask Appeals Court To Remove Judge
- August 2012: Should Bulger Trial Judge Recuse Himself?
- Federal Judicial Disqualification Statute
- July 2012: Judge Refuses To Recuse Himself From Bulger Trial
- PDF: Stearns 2012 Decision On Bulger Recusal


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What causes depersonalization disorder? How is it treated?
Mayo Clinic psychiatrist Daniel Hall-Flavin, M.D., answers:
Depersonalization — a feeling of unreality or of being "outside" your body — can be a syndrome or a symptom of another mental disorder. It's often associated with anxiety and stress.
When you feel anxious or stressed out, you may breathe more deeply and more frequently (hyperventilate). This reduces carbon dioxide levels in your blood, which can cause:
· Lightheadedness
· Dizziness
· Unusual feelings, such as being outside your body and observing your actions from a distance
These feelings can increase existing anxiety by making you feel like you're losing control. Although these sensations may be uncomfortable, they're not harmful.
Episodes of depersonalization usually last only a few moments. But they may occur repeatedly. People with persistent stress or anxiety may have longer episodes of depersonalization that come and go over several years. Sometimes anxiety about having another experience with depersonalization may trigger these feelings.
Accurate diagnosis of depersonalization and of any accompanying mental disorders is important. Treatment depends on the diagnosis and may include:
· Cognitive behavior therapy. This helps you understand why depersonalization occurs and trains you to stop worrying about the symptoms so that they go away.
· Medications to treat underlying anxiety.


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Welcome to the Guild nameh. I can't answer any of your questions, but I'm sure there are others who can.
Dear all,
this is my first post here so I would like to apologize for any newbie questions which might come in this post.
I would appreciate if you could give me a hint on the following: I would like to create a map (preferably) in a metro map design where would be connected all the cities I have visited. The problem with the metro map design idea is that there are 2 cities from where I initiated the tours, thus there would be far too many "metro lines".
On the other hand I not necessarily need 30 different "lines" but it would be even nicer to see - by amount or the strength of the line - which routes I used the most.
As you can see from my question I am quite struggling even with the concept itself and I would appreciate any help or guidance. No need to add that I am not sure which program to use (Beno map creator, Inkscape or any other?).
Thank you all
Welcome to the Guild nameh. I can't answer any of your questions, but I'm sure there are others who can.
My Battlemaps Gallery http://www.cartographersguild.com/al...p?albumid=3407
Maybe you could do it like a tree? you start form the trunk and then it split to smaller tunnels.
I would recomend to use Inkscape since you might have a lot of lines/elements, it's easier to move them around in a vector based software.
I can also be rivers.
I saw a map like that once.


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Blog Watch
Blog Watch
Unified Kerry Theory
Mickey Kaus (kausfiles.com) continued his search for a Unified Kerry Theory that can explain the difference between the Vietnam-era man of action and the modern-day flip-flopper. After a former Kerry aide described an "Indoor John" and "Outdoor John," nuanced thinker and man of action, respectively, Mr. Kaus arrived at a new trial UKT: "Isn't it plausible that Kerry sees his seemingly sudden decisions to flip-flop and pander to this or that constituency as quite similar to his Swift Boat surprise? They're both unexpected reversals of field that save Kerry's hide. When Kerry suddenly abandons the heretical affirmative action initiative on which he's been working for months, for example, maybe he doesn't think he's failing to 'beach his boat and dash ashore.' Maybe he thinks he is beaching his boat and dashing ashore! Indoor John has thought and anticipated and nuanced and studied and planned. Then Outdoor John takes over and says-Boom!-time to reverse course and pander, fast! Before those interest groups can launch their rockets!"
Since they are a feisty lot, many bloggers tend to like someone who sticks to his guns-and in that regard, Mr. Kerry may have been first in war but he is last in peace. Steven Den Beste (denbeste.nu) concluded, "Based on everything I know about him now, I cannot in good conscience consider voting for him. I would rather vote for a candidate with known policies with which I disagree than for a candidate whose true policies-if any-are kept hidden under a bushel basket, at the bottom of a locked filing cabinet, in a dis-used lavatory with a sign on the door saying 'Beware of the leopard.' If I were somehow forced to choose, I'd vote for Nader before I'd vote for Kerry. At least I know what Nader stands for."
Post-primary colors
Pamela Leavey, writing for the Kerry campaign blog (blog.johnkerry.com) and tactlessly describing a scene from a Kerry campaign gathering, reported, "When Teresa Heinz-Kerry arrived, she handed me a pin that read in the center: 'Asses of Evil' with 'Bush,' 'Cheney,' 'Rumsfeld' and 'Ashcroft' surrounding it." James Lileks (lileks.com/bleats) didn't think that was exactly first-lady behavior: "I'd like to ask if you can possibly imagine Laura Bush doing that."
Another Kerry campaign utterance that could come back to haunt the Massachusetts senator is his own comment that "I've met foreign leaders who can't go out and say this publicly, but boy they look at you and say, 'You've got to win, you've got to beat this guy, we need a new policy,' things like that." The blog race to figure out which foreign leaders were whispering encouragement to John Kerry was quickly on. Instapundit asked, "Is it really smart for Kerry to be bragging that foreign leaders want him to beat Bush so as to produce a more compliant U.S. foreign policy?" And Right Wing News gushed, "I LOVE a mystery, don't you? Who could these mysterious 'foreign leaders' be? Could they be Iranian? Perhaps they're from North Korea?"
That last guess is not so far-fetched, since a story in the Financial Times reported on North Korea's government-controlled media playing John Kerry's speeches.
Cheap gasoline
Urban Outfitters has pulled its T-shirt that read, "Voting Is for Old People"-and now Gregg Easterbrook (tnr.com/easterbrook.mhtml) tells us that young people have no reason to groan about the purportedly "record" prices of gas at the pumps. After pointing out that, adjusted to inflation, the true record was in 1981, Mr. Easterbrook made another comparison: "The average price of gasoline during the 1950s was about $1.80 in today's money-meaning that during the period enshrined in our collective political nostalgia as Energy Heaven, gasoline cost slightly more in real dollars than the amount now being theatrically bemoaned as a 'record' price. But wait; in the 1950s, per-capita real income was less than half what it is today. That means that for the typical American in the 1950s, gasoline cost twice as much, in terms of buying power, as today's gasoline. Adjusted for inflation and for buying power, the purported 'record'-priced gasoline at your pumps now is substantially cheaper than the gasoline your parents bought."


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The founders of this website have had a lot of fun "Naked Dating" for the past several years. The rejection rate is quite high during approaches on regular dating sites for such "naked dating" requests therefore we felt it was time to bring some like-minded folks together under one website where Naked Dating is the norm.
From an innocent first dating experience at a local nude beach to more elaborate nudist vacations and resorts we hope members find each other for all their Naked Dating desires. Our hope is to maintain this free site to allow such connections to happen.
This website is not meant to replace your facebook. In fact it isn't very Zuckerbergy at all since its missing such features such as like and poke buttons etc. No FarmVille here either, sorry folks. But if you are seeking a friendly online spot to meet potential naked dating partners; then you've come to the right place!
We might eventually expand the site with some enhanced features if the members group grows large enough to justify additional development costs. We will expand profiles, improve security settings etc down the road of this continuing development. The benefit of joining early is you can secure the shorter Jen and Bob usernames and not get stuck with Jen2000 and Bob1985 down the road when everything is working properly if its any consolation 😉
For now it's a miracle the site has gone this far with our limited technical knowledge and funding. We wouldn't want to tinker with chat rooms, apps etc just yet at the risk of blowing the site up on you great folks. For now its a basic site to meet open-minded naked daters. Therefore we encourage you folks to build your own groups and invite friends on your own since we have left tools in place to do so quite easily.
We hope you will grow with us as we get over some technical hurdles to continually improve the sites features. But the goal is to get folks meeting for Naked Dating ASAP and the site's basic functionality already permits that at least!
For now its just a couple cool naked people putting this website together in hopes to connect others for naked fun. Welcome aboard and Enjoy!
Rock out with your things out!,
Team Naked Dating


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Obama to Boehner: Two-month tax cut only option
Started Dec 22, 2011 | Discussions thread
Shop cameras & lenses ▾
mamallama OP • Forum Pro • Posts: 43,569
Re: Obama to Boehner: Two-month tax cut only option
mamallama wrote:
bgD300 wrote:
We can't spend a little time over the previous year to figure out what the needs of the nation are and come up with a plan. Like the democrat tax cuts for the wealthy, there was plenty of time to make a decision on what to do when the law expired.
We just need to kick the can down the road a little ways so we can have a crisis that OMG, MUST BE SOLVED IMMEDIATELY, OMG, pass some crap extension to feel good and go on vacation.
Who is this "we", Kemosabe? You have a dysfunctional congress.
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Okay, parents, here's my annual reminder: If you want to get the kids interested in poetry, turn off the TV during the seventh-inning stretch and read Ernest L. Thayer's brief classic baseball poem, "Casey at the Bat." You'll find a good, free, legal and complete version on this page of the site for the Academy of American Poets. And you'll find my review of several picture-book editions of the poem, suitable for children of different ages, here. My review includes Christopher Bing's Casey at the Bat: A Ballad of the Republic Sung in the Year 1888, a Caldecott Honor Book.
November 1, 2009
Mitch Albom Gets Religion — A Review of 'Have a Little Faith' Coming Soon
Mitch Albom gets religion in Have a Little Faith, a memoir of his encounters with his childhood rabbi in New Jersey and a pastor he met as an adult in Detroit. Albom was a finalist in the annual Delete Key Awards competition for bad writing in books for his novel For One More Day, written at a third-grade reading level according to the readability statistics that come with the spell-checker on Microsoft Word. Is his new book better? A review of Have a Little Faith will appear this week on One-Minute Book Reviews. You can also follow Jan Harayda on Twitter www.twitter.com/janiceharayda.


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About the Music Library
The Irving S. Gilmore Music Library
General Contact Info [Staff Directory]
The Music Library is located within Sterling Memorial Library (Map); the entrance is on the first floor next to the Periodical Reading Room. There are three levels. A floor plan is available at the circulation desk. This page focuses on locations within the library. See also our pages under Services.
Library room numbers:
ML1-4 are in the basement, ML100-115 are on the main level, ML101M-108M are on the mezzanine level.
Locations within the Music Library:
Collection Locations
Exhibit areas
Printers, scanners & workstations
Service Locations
Study Spaces
Teaching Spaces


text:
More New and Used
from Private Sellers
Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
Social Work & Domestic Violence: Developing Critical & Reflective Practice
ISBN13:by Laing, Lesley; Humphreys, Cathy; Cavanagh, Kate (CON)
Sage Pubns
Questions About This Book?
What version or edition is this?
This is the edition with a publication date of 3/6/2013.
What is included with this book?
- The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any CDs, lab manuals, study guides, etc.
- The eBook copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically only the book itself is included.
Domestic violence affects all areas of Social Work. This book shows how Social Workers can intervene in everyday practice with victims, their families and perpetrators of domestic abuse. It provides students with knowledge of theory, research and policy to put directly in practice across a variety of legal and service-user contexts. The authors draw on their extensive experience as practitioners and researchers in the field, placing particular focus on evidence-based practice. Topics covered include: - Child protection - Interprofessional collaboration - The policy and legal context - Working with women - Working with men Each chapter begins with a case study and concludes with reflective questions to highlight practice dilemmas and challenge students to reflect critically. Further reading from a rich range of sources guides readers to expand their knowledge. This book will be valuable reading for students studying domestic violence, child protection, and family social work, as well as practitioners of Social Work.


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|Conservation loans available to CO farmers and ranchers
|Written by Holyoke Enterprise
SED Trudy Kareus, State Executive Director with the USDA Farm Service Agency (FSA), reminds farmers and ranchers the agency will make and guarantee Conservation Loans (CL) to producers who want to promote conservation on their land as well as conserve the country's natural resources.
Many farmers who need and want to implement conservation measures on their land do not have the "up front" funds available to implement these practices.
"I encourage producers who want to conserve natural resources and need a source of financing to implement conservation measures to apply for credit through this program," said Kareus. "It is a great opportunity for producers to remain good stewards of the land," she said.
Producers can apply for conservation loans to improve or implement conservation practices on their land, as long as the practice is approved by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS).
According to Kareus, producers who do not currently have an existing conservation plan should visit NRCS to develop one prior to requesting Conservation Loan Program assistance.
Examples of conservation practices include the installation of conservation structures, establishment of forest cover, installation of water conservation measures, establishment or improvement of permanent pastures, implementation of manure management and the adaptation of other emerging or existing conservation practices, techniques or technologies.
Direct CLs are available at local FSA offices with loan limits up to $300,000. Guaranteed CLs with limits up to $1,119,000 are available from lenders who participate in FSA's guaranteed loan program.
For more information on the CL program, contact the local county FSA office or visit the FSA website at www.fsa.usda.gov.


text:
Carbon monoxide poisoning in south Oklahoma City prompts warning
Authorities say people should take steps to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning after several people were overcome at a house in south Oklahoma City this week.
Lara O'Leary, Emergency Medical Services Authority spokeswoman, said one person was taken to the hospital Tuesday after paramedics and firefighters responded to the emergency at 1313 SW 96.
Because carbon monoxide is odorless, colorless and otherwise undetectable to the human senses, people may not know that they are being exposed, O'Leary said. The initial symptoms of low to moderate poisoning are similar to the flu, but without the fever — headache, fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea and dizziness.
High-level poisoning results in progressively more severe symptoms, including confusion, vomiting, loss of muscle coordination, loss of consciousness and death.
Safety tips
• Have your home heating systems (including chimneys and vents) inspected and serviced annually by a trained service technician.
• Never use portable generators inside homes or garages, even if doors and windows are open. Use generators outside only, far away from the home.
• Never bring a charcoal grill into the house for heating or cooking. Do not barbecue in the garage.
• Never use a gas range or oven for heating.
• Open the fireplace damper before lighting a fire and keep it open until the ashes are cool.
• Install battery-operated carbon monoxide alarms or carbon monoxide alarms with battery backup in your home, outside separate sleeping areas.
• If you suspect carbon monoxide poisoning, get outside to fresh air immediately and then call 911.


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Images: JB Charleston receives C-17 Globemaster III [Image 8 of 9]
Photo by Senior Airman Dennis Sloan
Joint Base Charleston leadership salute as Gen. Paul Selva, Air Mobility Command commander, delivers a brand new C-17 Globemaster III April 25, 2013, to Joint Base Charleston – Air Base, S.C. The first C-17 to enter the Air Force's inventory arrived at Charleston Air Force Base in June 1993. The C-17 is capable of rapid strategic delivery of troops and all types of cargo to main operating bases or directly to forward bases in the deployment area. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Dennis Sloan)
This work, JB Charleston receives C-17 Globemaster III [Image 1 of 9], by SrA Dennis Sloan, identified by DVIDS, is free of known copyright restrictions under U.S. copyright law.
Date Taken:04.25.2013
Date Posted:04.26.2013 15:53
Photo ID:915972
Size:4.96 MB
Location:JOINT BASE CHARLESTON, SC, US


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Welcome to our English Language Learner Page.
This page is designed to provide valuable resources that aid in the development of the english language. Below, you will find a list of helpful websites for the development of the english language for non native speakers. This list begins with resources for pre Kindergarten students and extends through to 8th grade material.
Bienvenido a nuestra Página de Estudiantes de Inglés Lengua.


text:
It looks like you're new here. If you want to get involved, click one of these buttons!
Funcom has released a new teaser trailer for The Secret World: Issue 4 Big Trouble in the Big Apple. The new update is expected to hit the live server sometime later in November. Enjoy!
We have a NEWS PAGE - Try it sometime!
Played: AA, AC1, AC2, Aion, AO, AoC, CO, CoX, DAoC, DCUO, DN, EVE, EQ1, EQ2,
ESO, FE, FFXI, FFXIV, FF, GW1, GW2, Istaria, L2, LoTRO, MO, MxO, NW, Rift, RoE,
Ryzom, SB, SWG, SWTOR, TERA, TSW, WAR, WoW, WURM...
THE SECRET WORLD - PAY ONCE PLAY FOREVER - Give it a go!
OR PM ME FOR A BUDDY KEY (need your email address).
Wow, I wonder how they pull off these massive updates every month
also the new emotos, lol
Secrets of Dragon?s Spine Trailer.. !
Best MMOs ever played: Ultima, EvE, SW Galaxies, Age of Conan, The Secret World


text:
March 8, 2012
Purchasing versus leasing is a classic decision which both business owners and individuals make many times throughout their lives. This article, of course, focuses on the startup business owner's part of that decision by providing considerations to bear in mind when choosing whether to lease or buy commercial space.
- Summary by FizzLaw Team
Read the Article at:
Things To Consider When Deciding To Lease or Buy Commercial Space
Elizabeth Lewis


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- Home >
- Annual Fund
- > Donor Rights
Do you know your donor rights?
VI. To be assured that information about their donations is handled with respect and with confidentiality to the extent provided by law.
VII. To expect that all relationships with individuals representing organizations of interest to the donor will be professional in nature.
VIII. To be informed whether those seeking donations are volunteers, employees of the organization or hired solicitors.
IX. To have the opportunity for their names to be deleted from mailing lists that an organization may intend to share.
X. To feel free to ask questions when making a donation and to receive prompt, truthful and forthright answers.
webpage contact:
Annual Giving


text:
American Idol
Watch Colton Dixon Sing Earth Wind, & Fire's "September" in American Idol's Top 7 on April 18, 2012
It's "Now and Then" night on American Idol Season 11, but will Colton Dixon's rendition of "September" be enough to send him through to the next round? The choice is up to you!
Need your daily dose of American Idol? Like us on our Facebook page at facebook.com/AmericanIdolFansite, or follow us on Twitter at twitter.com/IdolWetpaint!


text:
Car crash sends 4 cyclists to S. Florida hospital
Published: Sunday, December 23, 2012 at 6:43 p.m.
Last Modified: Sunday, December 23, 2012 at 6:43 p.m.
WESTON — A crash that sent four South Florida bicyclists to the hospital remains under investigation.
The Broward Sheriff's Office says the bicyclists were part of a group that was struck by a car Saturday morning on U.S. 27 in Weston.
Sheriff's office spokeswoman Dani Moschella said one of the injured bicyclists was airlifted to a hospital. The three other bicyclists also were hospitalized. Moschella says two of the bicyclists were "trauma alerts."
U.S. 27 was briefly closed while a helicopter landed to airlift one bicyclist to a hospital.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


text:
Refurbished/Open Box Items have been thoroughly inspected and Pre-Tested to meet Manufacturer Specifications and are guaranteed to be sold like new and in excellent working condition. Because these Refurbished/Open Box Items are Inspected and Pre-Tested. These open box items continue to carry a FULL 1 year manufacturer's warranty, same as a brand new unit.
The EDR810H-500 from EVERFOCUS is a Compact Size 8 Channel MPEG4 120 FPS DVR with USB Port.
- MPEG4 compression
- Stable and reliable LINUX-based operating system
- 8 camera inputs
- Full screen or Quad screen display for monitoring and playback
- Intelligent motion detection with programmable area and sensitivity for each camera
- Real time recording (up to 120 FPS)
- LAN module with DHCP Enabled Capability
- 1 set of stereo audio inputs and outputs
- Synchronized video and audio
- System auto recovery after power failure (Watchdog function and self diagnostic technology)
- Watermark and time/date stamp in exported images
- Email Notification Warning
- Archiving to USB 2.0
- USB to CF Card Reader
- Time Sync
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After 9 years of working in the area of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), Developing World Health will stop trading as a charity from 30th June 2015.
Anyone that has previously donated to Developing World Health or is interested in donating towards the treatment of NTDs in Sub Saharan Africa, are directed to our partners, the Schistosomiasis Control Initiative (SCI), part of Imperial College London
The SCI has a long-established involvement and world renowned expertise in the field of tropical medicine and neglected tropical diseases.
On behalf of Developing World Health, I would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone who has helped with the charity over the past years and for their generous support.
Best wishes
Dr Stuart WG Smith
Founder & CEO


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Looking for Bearing? www.hotfrog.ph showcases more than 20 businesses grouped by Bearing within Philippines. To find more businesses related to Bearing, and to filter by locality, use the left navigation menu.
Manila, MNL
Manila Bearing is an established company for more than 20 years.
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We have all your Bearing needs.
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Philippine Bearing Corporation commenced in 1979 and has since established itself in the industry as a reliable distributor of high quality automotive, textile and industrial bearings in the Philippines. With every cust…
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Dealer of GENUINE REPLACEMENT spare parts of different kinds of cars. (TOYOTA, HONDA, LANCER, KIA, MITSUBISHI, ISUZU, FUSO, NISSAN, HYUNDAI, ETC.)
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Philippine Bearing Corporation has been in the industry since 1979 and has established itself as a reliable distributor of high quality bearings for automotive, textile and industrial machineries. We carry complete line…
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|Granite Island, MI
Description: In 1863, a committee was dispatched to the Great Lakes to determine the necessity of a few newly proposed lighthouses and the desirability of re-establishing discontinued lights. While examining these predetermined sites, the committee also noted the need for additional lights on Lake Superior to support the growing copper and iron ore trade of the Keweenaw Peninsula. One of these additional lights was proposed for Granite Island, and in 1866 the Lighthouse Board requested $20,000 for the light, after providing the following information:
A light-house at Granite island, off Marquette, is also much needed. This island, two and a half acres in extent, is a granite rock, rising almost perpendicularly out of the lake, (Superior,) with good water all around it. The Marquette light cannot be seen by vessels coming from Portage until they are almost abreast of the light and have passed Granite island, which is directly in their track. A light-house with proper fog-signal would greatly facilitate navigation at night and during thick weather.
The lighthouse was built of rough-cut granite blocks, taken from the Huron Islands, with cut limestone being used as quoins on the structures corners and as lintels above and below the doors and windows. The lighthouses ten-foot-square tower stands forty feet tall and is attached to the northern gable of the eight-room, one-and-half-story keepers dwelling. A fixed, fourth-order Henry-Lepaute Fresnel lens was installed atop a cast-iron pedestal in the towers decagonal lantern, along with three flash panels that revolved around the lens atop nine chariot wheels. Equipped with ruby glass screens, the flash-panel assembly completed a revolution every four-and-a-half minute and helped create the unique characteristic of a fixed white light interrupted every ninety seconds by a red flash. The light, which had a focal plane of ninety feet, was placed in operation at the opening of the 1869 season.
On August 30, 1872, fifty-seven-year-old Isaac P. Bridges, the first keeper of Granite Island Lighthouse, drowned while traveling to his home. His family saw his boat capsize but could not do anything to assist him.
Granite Island, situated twelve-and-a-half miles north of Marquette, was now clearly marked during clear nights, but it still remained a dangerous hazard during thick or foggy weather. The Lighthouse Board proposed a fog signal for the island in 1870, but it wasnt until 1879 that the fog bell from Thunder Bay Island, made unnecessary by a steam whistle, was relocated to Granite Island. The 1,500-pound bell, cast by J. Bernhard & Co. of Philadelphia, was hung in a skeletal frame tower that was fifteen feet square at its base and nine-and-a-half feet at its top, which was enclosed to house the striking apparatus. The original wooden bell tower was replaced in 1910 by the present metal tower, fabricated by Champion Iron Co. of Kenton, Ohio.
An oil house with a capacity of 500 gallons was erected on the island in 1905 using concrete blocks poured at the lighthouse depot in Detroit.
Shortly after Assistant Keeper John McMartin launched the stations boat on October 2, 1903 for a trip to Marquette, a fresh wind caught the vessel and sent it smashing against the islands rocky shore. McMartin plunged into the icy water and drowned. A few days later, the steamer Marigold brought a replacement boat to the island, and Anna Carlson, wife of the keeper of Marquette Harbor Lighthouse, filled in as assistant keeper until a permanent one was appointed.
James Wheatley served as keeper at Granite Island through at least 1913 and passed away in Marquette on June 15, 1915 at the age of eighty-two.
On August 26, 1914, the characteristic of Granite Island Light became fixed white with a red flash every sixty seconds, and the intensity of the light was increased by changing the illuminant to oil vapor. In order to automate the station, the light was changed from oil vapor to acetylene in 1937, with a new characteristic of a white flash every fifteen seconds, and the fog signal was changed from mechanical to chemical control. The carbon-dioxide-powered fog bell was discontinued in 1943, and the lights characteristic was changed to a white flash every five seconds.
Granite Island Lighthouse, which had been added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1969, was sold by sealed bid on October 19, 1999. Melissa Green, the General Services Administration officer in charge of selling the island, noted that appraisers hadnt been able to determine the worth of the island. Its like trying to price an acre of land on the moon, theres no comparison basis, she said. Stephen Lyons, chief warrant officer for the Coast Guard in Marquette, seemed to have an idea of what he thought the island was worth. Its a rock in the middle of the water with a building thats in bad shape. I dont know what somebody would do with it.
Of the eighty-five bids submitted, Scott Holmans bid of $86,003 was the highest. The second-highest offer was $80,000, while the low bid was just $11. While attending Northern Michigan University in the late 1950s, Holman dove shipwrecks around Granite Island and was thus very familiar with the lighthouse. Holman later founded Bay Cast, a steel castings suppliers, and served as director of the Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society for several years.
The restoration work carried out at Granite Island included replacing the water-damaged plaster walls with sheetrock, rewiring the lighthouse and connecting it to wind generators and solar panels, and repairing the islands walkways and 400 steps. Holman made hundreds of trips ferrying contractors to and from the island, and the total repair bill was in the six figures. Im telling you this, you cannot restore a lighthouse with bake sales, Holman said. I can never get over the fact that they built this whole darn thing in one summer, and it took me two-and-a-half summers to repair it with all the materials and technology we have today.
Granite Island Light Station
Located on Lake Superior's Granite Island, 12.5 miles north of Marquette. The island and lighthouse are privately owned. Grounds/dwelling/tower closed.
The island and lighthouse are privately owned. Grounds/dwelling/tower closed.
Pictures on this page copyright Kraig Anderson, Douglas Cameron, used by permission.


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DTC relocation to Botswana "ahead of schedule"
Botswana's President Ian Khama has claimed that the relocation of Diamond Trading Company International (DTCI) from London to Gaborone is slightly ahead of schedule.In his state of the nation address delivered on Monday, Khama said: "The sight sale in Botswana is now scheduled for next week. Government continues to encourage the private sector to take advantage of the opportunities presented by the relocation exercise�.
Khama also claimed that the diamond cutting and polishing sector has continued to grow, employing 3651 people as of August 2013 with eleven additional companies given licenses to operate.
"It brings the total number to 27. DTC Botswana sales to the local polishing industry grew to $618 million in 2012. The target for 2013 is $770 million� the Botswana leader revealed.
Landlocked Botswana in Southern Africa is home to one of the world's best diamond reserves and a mining industry which accounts for 40 percent of government revenue.


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May 26, 2016
The investigation continues into the weekend murder of William Gill. The 23-year-old was found along Highway 496 and Highway 19 South early March 15.
Maj. Ward Calhoun of the Lauderdale County Sheriff's Department said formal charges were filed Tuesday, even though both suspects were taken into custody Sunday.
Jermaine Ramsey, 18, is charged with capital murder and robbery. Glen Stevens, 16, is charged with accessory after the fact to capital murder and to robbery.
Both suspects are denied bond because the charges are related to a capital crime case.
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Man calls about break-in, barricades himself in Greenville apartment, police say
POSTED: 12:40 PM Dec 24 2013 UPDATED: 2:31 PM Oct 23 2013
Police said a man barricaded himself inside his bedroom after calling about a break-in at his Greenville apartment.
According to investigators, the man called police at about 12:30 p.m. from Legends Townhomes on Thomas Langston Road, claiming someone had broken into his apartment. The man said he barricaded himself in his bedroom and could hear people downstairs, police said.
But investigators said once they arrived, they could not find any evidence of a break-in. The 3,300 block of Thomas Langston Road at Legend Townhomes was shut down, but has since reopened.
Copyright 2013 by WCTI12. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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The Top 11 Wetpaint Entertainment Stories of 2011
Max Greenfield's New Girl character, Schmidt, summed up 2011 in five words: "Country's broke, Betty White's back."
Oh, but there's so much more to it than that! Judging by the most popular stories on Wetpaint Entertainment over the course of the past year, our readers have been interested in a range of hard-hitting issues beyond just the economy and the resurgence of the last living Golden Girl.
Here are Wetpaint.com's top 11 stories from 2011:
1. XXX Site to Taylor Swift: Convert to Islam, and We'll Take Down Photo
Update: Taylor still hasn't converted.
2. Confirmed! Ian Somerhalder and Nina Dobrev Are Dating and in Love
While Vampire Diaries fans — especially Delena 'shippers — are ecstatic, we're just jealous of Nina.
3. Celebrity Plastic Surgery Makeovers: Better Before or After?
You be the judge.
4. What Does Scott Disick Do for a Living?
The "businessman" claims to "run companies" in the "vitamin world," but it's all a bit vague if you ask us.
5. Why Was Angelea Disqualified From America's Next Top Model All-Stars?
The running theory is that a certain someone has a big mouth...
6. How Much Does the Jersey Shore Cast Make? Who's the Richest Beverly Hills Housewife?
Show us the money!
7. Justin Bieber Finally Speaks Out Against Paternity Allegations on The Today Show
"Baby, baby, baby, oh!"
8. Miley Cyrus Says She Smokes Way Too Much Weed
And then says she was just joking. Wah-wah.
9. French Vampire Diaries Fans May Be Banned From Naming Their Baby "Damon"
Apparently, "Daemon" is too devilish.
10. Questionable Fashion Choices at the MTV VMA Music Awards
Nicki Minaj, what were you thinking?
11. Reality Steve Admits He Was Wrong About The Bachelor Season 15 Finale
Doh. At least he got the rest of his spoilers for Season 15 right!
Fall in "Like" with us! For the latest from Wetpaint Entertainment, Like us on our Facebook page at Facebook.com/Wetpaint, or Follow us on Twitter at Twitter.com/WetpaintTV.


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Stevenage deal Brentford promotion blow for second year running
21:48 05 March 2013
EMPICS Sport
League One: Stevenage 1 Brentford 0
Marcus Haber scored the only goal of the game as Stevenage dented Brentford's automatic promotion hopes.
The Bees were lacklustre after their win at Scunthorpe and it showed as they struggled to break down a spirited Boro side.
And they were punished with 15 minutes to go as Haber fired home after a ball in from Mark Roberts.
It's the second time Stevenage have dealt the Bees a blow in their battle to win promotion after winning last year to end Uwe Rosler's play-off dreams.


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Des Moines, Iowa -- Presidential candidate Rick Perry wants a new optional income tax system that would let people choose a flat tax with a rate of 20 percent or stick with the existing tax code, his aides told The Des Moines Register on Monday.
In South Carolina on Tuesday, Perry unveiled his "Cut, balance and grow" plan -- a government overhaul that he says would reduce taxes and spending, balance the budget by 2020 and give the economy a significant lift.
Perry said his plan "doesn't trim around the edges, and it doesn't bow down to the establishment."
Many low- and middle-income Americans would see no benefit from choosing the flat-tax plan, an Iowa economics professor said, but higher-income filers would see big tax cuts.
Perry's wide-ranging plan calls for letting younger workers invest in personal retirement accounts, gradually increasing the Social Security retirement age to reflect longer life expectancy, handing Medicaid over to states and reforming Medicare.
Perry, the governor of Texas, also wants to reduce non-defense spending by $100 billion in the first year he's in office. And he wants no more earmarks, no more bailouts and an automatic sunset on all federal regulations unless Congress reauthorizes them.
The big highlight of Perry's plan is a flat tax that would preserve some of the most popular current deductions -- for charitable giving, mortgage interest, and state and local taxes.
There would be a $12,500 standard deduction for each person in a household. Exemptions and deductions for taxpayers with incomes above $500,000 would be phased out.
"That's what makes this flat-tax proposal different from some of those that increase taxes among the middle class," said Deirdre Delisi, Perry's policy director.
Asked if the plan is revenue-neutral, Delisi said the government would take in less under this plan, coupled with spending cuts and entitlement reform. "The goal is to balance the budget at 18 percent of GDP by the year 2020," she said.
Unlike rival GOP'er Herman Cain's much talked about "9-9-9" tax reform, Perry's plan wouldn't have a national sales tax.
And in contrast to Republican candidate Mitt Romney's economic plan, Perry's Iowa campaign co-chairman Robert Haus said, it's "substantive and deep."
Several provisions pushed by rivals
Perry wants to get rid of taxes on Social Security benefits, capital gains and the so-called death tax on the inheritance of large estates. Many of his Republican rivals have called for those steps, too.
Perry also would reduce the corporate income tax rate to 20 percent, which his aides said would help businesses be more competitive. Other candidates, too, have called for cutting corporate taxes.
And Perry would allow overseas capital to be brought back to the United States at a one-time reduced tax rate of 5.25 percent.
"The dynamic of freeing up all this capital that goes back into job creation will have a huge impact on the economy, thereby increasing our growth rate and bringing more filers into the system," Delisi said.
Some popular deductions or credits wouldn't exist if someone chose the optional flat tax, such as contributions to retirement accounts and traditional IRAs, student loan interest, home equity financing, medical and dental expenses, job search expenses and child care.
But that doesn't mean people have to give them up, Delisi said. "They can stay in the current system -- that's the beauty of this proposal," she said.
People who have planned their investments with the current tax code in mind shouldn't be penalized, Delisi said.
Perry campaign spokesman Robert Black said the package of proposals is an aggressive plan to invest in the economy.
And one conservative well-known to Iowans has already endorsed it: Steve Forbes, who ran for president in 1996 and 2000, with a campaign centered on a pitch for a flat tax.
Newt Gingrich, former U.S. House speaker, also has proposed a plan that would let Americans choose to file using a flat tax or the current system. He published a commentary in the Quad-City Times on Monday that said the idea could save taxpayers $400 billion a year in tax preparation costs.
"We think it accelerates economic growth," Gingrich said at a Davenport appearance Monday.
Source: JENNIFER JACOBS, Des Moines Register


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It's inevitable that eyes are drawn to the large, oval Diamonique(R) simulated diamond at the center of this ring. But, the openwork design on the shoulders--which is enhanced by round Diamonique simulated diamonds and milgrain details--garners its fair share of attention, too. From Tacori IV--Diamonique Jewelry.The Epiphany(R) Collection uses Platinum Clad(R) sterling silver to create a timeless look at a fraction of the cost of platinum.For more details on this ring's fit, please refer to the Ring Size Guide above.
Adjust Text Size:
J273125 — Tacori IV Diamonique Epiphany Oval Cut Solitaire Ring
To choose your shipping method, add this item to your Shopping Cart, continue to Standard Checkout, and make your selection on the Shipping Method page.
Tacori IV Diamonique Crescent Lace Band Ring, 18K Gold Clad
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With reference to Ago's often mentioned 15 Titles. 7 (seven) of them were on a 350cc machine. Now, being old, my memory is not what it used to be but I don't recall any of the current riders appearing in many 350cc races.


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Hey folks im starting my tour in Amsterdam going south to Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Germany, Austria, northern Italy, Switzerland back to France an then going overland doing the Santiago de Compostela in Spain. I like the rough route I have as there is a lot of country's per miles.
The main consideration in my route is fitting in as much as possible. Im not too fussed about being in city's, the only town so far that is a must see for me is Freiburg, Germany.
I want great views along the way! The only things iv got picked out is the Selvio Pass an a few other roads iv nicked form watching Top Gear. I want a lot of different types of landscape.
Where else is worth going?? Im fairly flexible with my route. Any good story's good routes, good regions would be brilliant for my planning, an get my even more psyched up an excited to leave.


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May 30, 2016
All the runs were scored in the third inning Monday in the Detroit Tigers' 3-2 loss to the Royals in Kansas City. Miguel Cabrera's two run homer, his 18th of the season, gave the Tigers a short lived 2-0 lead. Doug Fister was the starting and losing pitcher for Detroit. The Tigers end their four game win streak and the Royals have now won six in a row. The teams play again Tuesday night in Kansas City. Detroit is now 35-27 on the season with 100 games remaining.
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Nokia is reportedly waiting on Microsoft's Windows Phone 7.5 operating system before it releases devices. "Mango", the codename for what will likely be named Windows Phone 7.5, is currently in the early beta stages at … read more
Tag: elop
Ballmer talks up Nokia Windows Phone 7 partnership11th Feb 11 10:26 am with 12 Comments
Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer took to the stage at Nokia's Strategy and Financial Briefing on Friday. The charismatic CEO spoke about the opportunities for Nokia and Windows Phone 7 in the future. "This partnership with … read more
Official: Nokia partners with Microsoft for Windows Phone 711th Feb 11 7:34 am with 13 Comments
Nokia said on Friday that it plans to partner with Microsoft to offer Windows Phone 7 devices. Nokia CEO, Stephen Elop, is due to speak further about the company's Windows Phone 7 plans at a … read more
Google VP claims Nokia Windows Phone 7 partnership is "two turkeys"9th Feb 11 5:25 pm with 11 Comments
Former Microsoft employee Vic Gundotra has claimed, indirectly, that Nokia's potential partnership with Microsoft is "two turkeys". Speaking on Twitter on Wednesday, Gundorta said: Gundorta's tweet clearly references February 11, the day Nokia CEO Stephen … read more


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"America's Got Talent" has a new champion! The summer-long show had its two-hour long finale Wednesday night.
Landau Eugene Murphy Jr., a singer from Logan, West Virginia, took home America's Got Talent's top prize! Murphy is a crooner who not only sounds like Frank Sinatra, he covers the songs made famous by 'ol blue eyes.
In second place was the silhouettes. The dance troupe is from Arvada Colorado, near Denver.
Murphy earns one million dollars and he will headline a show at Caesar's Palace in Las Vegas in October.


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Understanding Exposure
Questions About This Book?
Why should I rent this book?
How do rental returns work?
What version or edition is this?
What is included with this book?
- The Used copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included.
- The Rental copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. You may receive a brand new copy, but typically, only the book itself.
Customer Reviews
With more than 350,000 copies sold, Understanding Exposure has demystified the complex concepts of exposure for countless photographers. Now updated with current technologies, more than one hundred new images, and an all-new chapter, this new edition will inspire you more than ever to free yourself from auto and create the pictures you truly want.
In his trademark easy-to-understand style, author Bryan Peterson explains the relationship between aperture and shutter speed, including how to achieve successful exposures in seemingly difficult situations. Youll learn:
Which aperture gives you the greatest contrast and sharpness, and when to use it?
Which apertures guarantee the background remains an out-of-focus tone
Which one aperturewhen combined with the right lenscreates an area of sharpness from three feet to infinity?
How to creatively use shutter speed to either freeze an action or imply motion
Where to take a meter reading when shooting a sunset, snow, or a city at dusk
With new information on white balance, flash, HDR, and more, this updated classic will inspire you to stop guessing and take control of your settings for better photos anytime, anywhere, and with any camera.


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I would like our 3 year old to learn a second language fluently. What should we do?
My native language is Japanese and I am fluent in it, but my wife (who is an American) can only speak English. We want our kid to know both Japanese and English. But since we only speak English at home, it will not be very easy. Are there any suggestions for raising a bilingual child?
1 expert and 2 parents have answered
As a speech and language therapist, I work with many bilingual families.
The best way to bring up a child bilingually, is to be consistent in your language use.
Your child already has a good English language skills.
I would suggest enrolling your child in Japanese classes, and then allocating a specific and consistent time with your child, in which you both speak Japanese e.g. play time, bath time, a few hours at the weekend, on the way to school (whatever time works best for you!).
The most important thing is to be consistent, so your child knows what is expected; and whatever you do, don't mix languages in on sentence i.e. use Japanese and then insert an English word, as this will only be confusing for your child.
I hope this information helps!
I have the same problem as a native German speaking. My husband has learned German for the last 11 years but we fall back to english as a default. We have taken our kids to weekend language classes since they are 4 years old. They do understand German well but still do not want to speak it.I also buy children videos where German is an option. I have to order them from Europe since here in the USA that language is not an option on DVDs. I have to make a point of only speaking German to them. It is not easy. The very best way is to take a very long vacation in Japan or have your child spend time with your Japanese family who only speaks Japanese. They pick up fast and will use the language if they believe that is the only form of communication the other person understand. As soon as they know a person understand english they will fall back to english.Another tip take posted notes and put them on furniture in your house with their Japanese meaning. I had friends who went to Ethiopia and they did this in order to teach their kids the language.
I think in this case the OPOL model would work well. Basically you speak only Japanese to your kids at home. I assume you don't live in Japan?


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Difference between revisions of "Lumbalgia"
m (→Surgery)
m (→Surgery)
|Line 129:
|Line 129:
Some of the more common forms of surgery are:<ref name=pmid12065987>{{cite journal | author = Birkmeyer N, Weinstein J, Tosteson A, Tosteson T, Skinner J, Lurie J, Deyo R, Wennberg J | title = Design of the Spine Patient outcomes Research Trial (SPORT). | journal = Spine | volume = 27 | issue = 12 | pages = 1361-72 | year = 2002 | id = PMID 12065987}}</ref>
Some of the more common forms of surgery are:<ref name=pmid12065987>{{cite journal | author = Birkmeyer N, Weinstein J, Tosteson A, Tosteson T, Skinner J, Lurie J, Deyo R, Wennberg J | title = Design of the Spine Patient outcomes Research Trial (SPORT). | journal = Spine | volume = 27 | issue = 12 | pages = 1361-72 | year = 2002 | id = PMID 12065987}}</ref>
* [[Artificial disc replacement]], a relatively new form of surgery in the U.S. but has been in use in Europe for decades, primarily used to treat low back pain from a [[degenerative disc disease|degenerated
* [[Artificial disc replacement]], a relatively new form of surgery in the U.S. but has been in use in Europe for decades, primarily used to treat low back pain from a [[degenerative disc disease|degenerated ]].
* [[Discectomy]]/microdiscectomy, usually used to treat pain (especially pain that radiates down the arm or leg) from [[herniated
* [[Discectomy]]/microdiscectomy, usually used to treat pain (especially pain that radiates down the arm or leg) from [[herniated ]]s.
* [[Kyphoplasty]] and [[Vertebroplasty]], minimally invasive procedures designed to treat pain from osteoporotic compression fractures and sometimes other forms of fracture, such as a fracture caused by certain types of cancer.
* [[Kyphoplasty]] and [[Vertebroplasty]], minimally invasive procedures designed to treat pain from osteoporotic compression fractures and sometimes other forms of fracture, such as a fracture caused by certain types of cancer.
Revision as of 19:16, 5 November 2008
Lumbalgia is the medical term for the more common lay discription of low back pain or lower back pain. It is used to describe a symptom related to the lower section of the human spine. Persistant and recurring low back pain affects 60 - 80% of people at some stage in their life and is the most common reason for lost work.[1]
Low back pain varies in intensity, frequency, duration, and quality depending on the cause and stage of injury or illness as well as the time of day and activity level. It is considered either acute (of recent origin) or chronic (longer term) in nature, though these give little insight as to a particular cause of the pain. The degree of pain ranges from a mild annoyance that comes and goes to constant and totally disabling.
- 1 Etymology
- 2 Background
- 3 Causes
- 4 Diagnosis
- 5 Treatment
- 6 Prognosis
- 7 Prevention
- 8 References
- 9 See also
- 10 External links
"Lumbalgia" derives from the Latin "Lumbaris" referring to the lower or loin region of the body and "algia" is from the Greek "algos" for pain.
The low back performs two major functions; to act as a weight bearing column that supports upright posture and to act as a conduit that protects the spinal cord and the tender nervous system that tranmits through it. As a supporting structure, it carries the weight of the upper torso including the head, arms, thorax, and abdominal contents. Impact forces from actions such as walking or jumping multiply these forces exponentially.
The structures of the adult low back consist of the lower five verterbae along with the ligaments, discs and muscles that support it. Together they are identified as the lumbar region of the spine and are frequently labeled L1 to L5. The range of movement that occurs at the lumbar level combined with flexion of the hips is responsible for the majority of the total range of motion necessary for bending. The lumbar spine sits atop the sacrum which is a wedge shaped bone that rests into a space formed by the left and right innominate bones. The innominates are divided into the ilium, ischium and pubis and, with its attached musculature, make up the pelvic girdle that acts to connect the leg to the torso. Together with the sacrum, the left and right innominates wrap around to the lower abdominal region, creating a "bowl" that supports the organs contained within the abdomen. The joint between the sacrum and each innominate (sacroiliac joint) allows for slight motion with walking and bending. The sacrum and innominates together with their supporting ligaments and muscles are referred to as the pelvis. The resulting circle-like formation is commonly called the pelvic ring. For the lay person, the combination of the lumbar and pelvic regions are effectively called the low back. Low back pain can be generated from injury to any or all of the joints, muscles, ligaments or nerves that make up the region as well as organs in the pelvic bowl that get their nerve supply from the low back.
For the purposes of understanding the causes of low back pain, it is important to note that all pain is a perception of the person that is experiencing it. These perceptions are the result of an intricate relationship between the nerve endings that monitor the condition of the tissues and send that information to the higher centers of the brain where the conscious perception actually occurs. The vast majority of the nerve endings are in the ligaments, muscle and outer layer of the disc tissues that support the boney structures. While bones have a thin 'skin' or periosteum that has a plentiful nerve supply, the bones themselves do not. This is also the case of the inner portions of the disc.
The majority of acute causes of low back pain are grouped as mechanical type injuries to the ligaments, muscles and joints that are responsible for the function of the vertebral column. The injury may be the result of one traumatic event or multiple, repetitive type traumas. If the cause of these mechanical conditions persist, the pain may develop into a chronic low back pain with a change in symptom quality and frequency depending on the type of structures that become affected, such as discs and nerves. These include diagnoses such as osteoarthritis, degeneration of the discs or a spinal disc herniation.
Some cases of low back pain are related to systemic conditions that affect other regions of the body such as rheumatoid arthritis or cardivascular disease, while a small percentage are caused by tumors (including cancer). There are psychological or emotional components of all disease and low back pain is no exception.
Possible causes of low back pain:
Often, getting a diagnosis of the underlying cause of low back pain and/or related symptoms, such as sciatica, is quite complex. A complete diagnosis is usually made through a combination of a patient's medical history, physical examination, and, when necessary, diagnostic testing, such as an magnetic resonance imaging or x-ray.[2] However, a randomized controlled trial of routinely obtaining an MRI scan in back pain showed no benefit but increased costs.[3]
History and physical examination
The goal of the history and physical examination is to place the patient into one of three categories:[4]
Nonspecific low back pain
"nonspecific low back pain"
Possible radiculopathy or spinal stenosis
"Back pain potentially associated with radiculopathy or spinal stenosis (suggested by the presence of sciatica or pseudoclaudication)"[4] These patients may have a positive straight leg raise sign.
Other specific spinal causes
"Back pain potentially associated with another specific spinal cause. The latter category includes the small proportion of patients with serious or progressive neurologic deficits or underlying conditions requiring prompt evaluation (such as tumor, infection, or the cauda equina syndrome), as well as patients with other conditions that may respond to specific treatments (such as ankylosing spondylitis or vertebral compression fracture)."
Non-spinal causes
Sometimes back pain may be pain radiating from another location.
MRI scan and CT scan
"MRI or CT is recommended in patients who have severe or progressive neurologic deficits or are suspected of having a serious underlying condition (such as vertebral infection, the cauda equina syndrome, or cancer with impending spinal cord compression)". Obtaining MRI scan for lesser reasons may lead to increased costs of unnecessary tests, unnecessary follow-up, and possibly even unnecessary treatment of incidental findings [3]
The management goals when treating back pain are to achieve maximal reduction in pain intensity as rapidly as possible; to restore the individual's ability to function in everyday activities; to help the patient cope with residual pain; to assess for side effects of therapy; and to facilitate the patient's passage through the legal and socioeconomic impediments to recovery.
Not all treatments work for all conditions or for all individuals with the same condition, and many find that they need to try several treatment options to determine what works best for them. When evaluating treatment options, concepts utilized in Evidence based medicine can help determine which treatments that might be appropriate. Systematic reviews of medical evidence by the Cochrane Collaboration and systematic review-based clinical practice guidelines American College of Physicians[4][5][6][7] are available to guide treatment choices. Listed alphabetically, some of those evaluations include:
Home or Outpatient
Nondrug treatments
- Acupuncture has a similar benefit for chronic back pain as other therapies in the short term and shows promise for 1 to 2 year follow up.[8][9]
- Heat therapy is useful for back spasms or other conditions in acute or subacute situations.[10]
- Exercises, whether performed individually or under supervision of a professional, are generally believed to be an essential component of most back treatment programs. However, exercises are effective for chronic back pain, but not for acute pain. Back-mobilizing exercises in acute settings are less effective than continuation of ordinary activities as tolerated, though there is some evidence that when part of a 'back school', exercises can improve back pain.[11][12][13][4]
- Massage has shown some benefit for patients with subacute and chronic non-specific low-back pain, especially when combined with exercises and education.[14].
- The role of manipulation is difficult to assess. Randomized controlled trials report possible short-term benefit as manipulation is more effective than control[15], has similar benefit to other usual care therapies for both acute and chronic low back pain, but does not clearly add to usual care according to the most recent randomized controlled trial or systematic reviews of the topic by the Cochrane Collaboration[16], for the American College of Physicians[5] for the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality[17][18] and others. Though considered safe, it is not without risk.[19] The patients most likely to benefit have at least four of the following criteria: 1) symptoms for less than 16 days, 2) no symptoms below the knee[19], 3) low fear of engaging in work or physical activity[20], 4) at least 1 hypomobile lumbar joint, and at least 1 hip with more than 35° of internal rotation.[21]
- Mobilization does not seem to add to standard treatment of acute lumbalgia[22] and is less effective than manipulation.[23]
- Respondent-cognitive therapy and progressive relaxation therapy can reduce chronic pain as well as exercise therapy.[24][5].
- Work place and home habit modifications help most people through assessing any ergonomic or postural factors that may contribute to their back pain, such as improper lifting technique, poor posture, or poor support from their bed or office chair, etc.[13].
- Yoga either Viniyoga[25], Iyengar[26], or Hatha[27] might help with the best evidence, albeit only fair-quality evidence, supporting Viniyoga.[5]
- Acetaminophen (paracetamol) may be as effective as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents or spinal manipulation for the short term treatment of acute low back pain.[28]
- Muscle relaxants are effective in the management of acute non-specific low back pain, but the adverse effects require that they be used with caution.[6][29]
- Antidepressant medication do not help according to a meta-analysis by the Cochrane Collaboration[30] This contradicts an older meta-analysis by the Cochrane Collaboration.[31] and a systematic review by Clinical Evidence[32].
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs/NSAIAs) are effective for short-term symptomatic relief in patients with acute low back pain. There does not seem to be a specific type of NSAID which is clearly more effective than others. Sufficient evidence for use of NSAIDS on chronic low back pain is still lacking.[6][33]
- Narcotics are also used, though patients should be monitored.[6]
Combination therapies
Difficulties in treating chronic back pain have to lead to investigations of combined modalities. One trial found some benefit from combining exercise with cognitive behavioral therapy. [34]
There are a number of different types of spine surgery to treat a variety of back conditions. Surgery should be considered if a patient has a significant neurological deficit, or if they fail non-surgical therapy. There is particular concern if back pain is associated with loss of bowel or bladder function and may indicate Cauda equina syndrome or Conus medularis syndrome. Urgent surgical considerations are necessary for these conditions.
Some of the more common forms of surgery are:[35]
- Artificial disc replacement, a relatively new form of surgery in the U.S. but has been in use in Europe for decades, primarily used to treat low back pain from a degenerated disck.
- Discectomy/microdiscectomy, usually used to treat pain (especially pain that radiates down the arm or leg) from herniated disks.
- Kyphoplasty and Vertebroplasty, minimally invasive procedures designed to treat pain from osteoporotic compression fractures and sometimes other forms of fracture, such as a fracture caused by certain types of cancer.
- Laminectomy, removes a portion of the bone to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve from behind.
- Spinal cord stimulation, where an electrical device is used to interrupt the pain signals being sent to the brain.
- Spinal fusion, usually to treat chronic, severe pain from degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, or deformity, such as from scoliosis.
Treatments with uncertain or doubtful benefit
- Injections, such as epidural steroid injections, facet joint injections, or prolotherapy have limited, if any, benefit [36][37].
- Cold compression therapy is advocated for a strained back or chronic back pain and is postulated to reduce pain and inflammation, especially after strenuous exercise such as golf, gardening, or lifting. However, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by the Cochrane Collaboration concluded "The evidence for the application of cold treatment to low-back pain is even more limited, with only three poor quality studies located. No conclusions can be drawn about the use of cold for low-back pain" [10]
- Bed rest is rarely recommended as it can exacerbate symptoms [38], and when necessary is usually limited to one or two days.
- Electrotherapy, such as a Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (TENS) has been proposed. Two randomized controlled trials found conflicting results (PMID 10084439; PMID 2140432). This has led the Cochrane Collaboration to conclude that there is inconsistent evidence to support use of TENS (PMID 16034883).
Criteria by the United States Social Security Administration for disability are available on line.[39]
In some setting, lumbar supports may be able to prevent back pain.[40]
- ↑ Waddell G, Burton AK(2000) Occupational health guidelines for the management of low back pain at work: evidence review. London:Faculty of Occupational Medicine. PDF version
- ↑ Ullrich PE (2007). What's a Herniated Disc, Pinched Nerve, Bulging Disc. . . ? - Spine-health.com. Retrieved on 2007-11-09.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Jarvik JG, Hollingworth W, Martin B, et al (2003). "Rapid magnetic resonance imaging vs radiographs for patients with low back pain: a randomized controlled trial". JAMA 289 (21): 2810–8. DOI:10.1001/jama.289.21.2810. PMID 12783911. Research Blogging.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V, et al (2007). "Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society". Ann. Intern. Med. 147 (7): 478–91. PMID 17909209. [e]
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Chou R, Huffman LH (2007). "Nonpharmacologic therapies for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline". Ann. Intern. Med. 147 (7): 492–504. PMID 17909210. [e]
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Chou R, Huffman LH (2007). "Medications for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline". Ann. Intern. Med. 147 (7): 505–14. PMID 17909211. [e]
- ↑ (2007) "Summaries for patients. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: recommendations from the American College of Physicians/American Pain Society". Ann. Intern. Med. 147 (7): I45. PMID 17909203. [e]
- ↑ Furlan A, van Tulder M, Cherkin D, Tsukayama H, Lao L, Koes B, Berman B. "Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD001351. PMID 15674876.
- ↑ Thomas K, MacPherson H, Thorpe L, Brazier J, Fitter M, Campbell M, Roman M, Walters S, Nicholl J (2006). "Randomised controlled trial of a short course of traditional acupuncture compared with usual care for persistent non-specific low back pain.". BMJ 333 (7569): 623. PMID 16980316.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 French SD, Cameron M, Walker BF, Reggars JW, Esterman AJ (2006). "A Cochrane review of superficial heat or cold for low back pain". Spine 31 (9): 998-1006. DOI:10.1097/01.brs.0000214881.10814.64. PMID 16641776. Research Blogging.
- A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by the Cochrane Collaboration concluded that heat therapy can reduce symptoms of acute and sub-acute low-back pain
- ↑ Hayden J, van Tulder M, Malmivaara A, Koes B. "Exercise therapy for treatment of non-specific low back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000335. PMID 16034851.
- ↑ Malmivaara A, Häkkinen U, Aro T, Heinrichs M, Koskenniemi L, Kuosma E, Lappi S, Paloheimo R, Servo C, Vaaranen V (1995). "The treatment of acute low back pain--bed rest, exercises, or ordinary activity?". N Engl J Med 332 (6): 351-5. PMID 7823996.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Heymans M, van Tulder M, Esmail R, Bombardier C, Koes B. "Back schools for non-specific low-back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000261. PMID 15494995.
- ↑ Furlan A, Brosseau L, Imamura M, Irvin E. "Massage for low back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD001929. PMID 12076429.
- ↑ Andersson GB, Lucente T, Davis AM, Kappler RE, Lipton JA, Leurgans S (1999). "A comparison of osteopathic spinal manipulation with standard care for patients with low back pain". N. Engl. J. Med. 341 (19): 1426–31. PMID 10547405. [e]
- ↑ Assendelft W, Morton S, Yu E, Suttorp M, Shekelle P. "Spinal manipulative therapy for low back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000447. PMID 14973958.
- ↑ Cherkin D, Sherman K, Deyo R, Shekelle P (2003). "A review of the evidence for the effectiveness, safety, and cost of acupuncture, massage therapy, and spinal manipulation for back pain.". Ann Intern Med 138 (11): 898-906. PMID 12779300.
- ↑ Assendelft WJ, Morton SC, Yu EI, Suttorp MJ, Shekelle PG (2003). "Spinal manipulative therapy for low back pain. A meta-analysis of effectiveness relative to other therapies". Ann. Intern. Med. 138 (11): 871–81. PMID 12779297. [e]
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Shekelle PG, Adams AH, Chassin MR, Hurwitz EL, Brook RH (1992). "Spinal manipulation for low-back pain". Ann. Intern. Med. 117 (7): 590–8. PMID 1388006. [e]
- ↑ Waddell G, Newton M, Henderson I, Somerville D, Main CJ (1993). "A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability". Pain 52 (2): 157–68. PMID 8455963. [e]
- ↑ Childs JD, Fritz JM, Flynn TW, et al (2004). "A clinical prediction rule to identify patients with low back pain most likely to benefit from spinal manipulation: a validation study". Ann. Intern. Med. 141 (12): 920–8. PMID 15611489. [e]
- ↑ Hancock MJ, Maher CG, Latimer J, et al (2007). "Assessment of diclofenac or spinal manipulative therapy, or both, in addition to recommended first-line treatment for acute low back pain: a randomised controlled trial". Lancet 370 (9599): 1638–43. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61686-9. PMID 17993364. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Hadler NM, Curtis P, Gillings DB, Stinnett S (1987). "A benefit of spinal manipulation as adjunctive therapy for acute low-back pain: a stratified controlled trial". Spine 12 (7): 702–6. PMID 2961085. [e]
- ↑ Ostelo R, van Tulder M, Vlaeyen J, Linton S, Morley S, Assendelft W. "Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD002014. PMID 15674889.
- ↑ Sherman KJ, Cherkin DC, Erro J, Miglioretti DL, Deyo RA (2005). "Comparing yoga, exercise, and a self-care book for chronic low back pain: a randomized, controlled trial". Ann. Intern. Med. 143 (12): 849–56. PMID 16365466. [e]
- ↑ Williams KA, Petronis J, Smith D, et al (2005). "Effect of Iyengar yoga therapy for chronic low back pain". Pain 115 (1-2): 107–17. DOI:10.1016/j.pain.2005.02.016. PMID 15836974. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Galantino ML, Bzdewka TM, Eissler-Russo JL, et al (2004). "The impact of modified Hatha yoga on chronic low back pain: a pilot study". Alternative therapies in health and medicine 10 (2): 56–9. PMID 15055095. [e]
- ↑ Hancock MJ, Maher CG, Latimer J, et al (2007). "Assessment of diclofenac or spinal manipulative therapy, or both, in addition to recommended first-line treatment for acute low back pain: a randomised controlled trial". Lancet 370 (9599): 1638–43. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61686-9. PMID 17993364. Research Blogging.
- ↑ van Tulder M, Touray T, Furlan A, Solway S, Bouter L. "Muscle relaxants for non-specific low back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD004252. PMID 12804507.
- ↑ Urquhart D, Hoving J, Assendelft W, Roland M, van Tulder M (2008). "Antidepressants for non-specific low back pain". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD001703. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD001703.pub3. PMID 18253994. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Salerno SM, Browning R, Jackson JL (2002). "The effect of antidepressant treatment on chronic back pain: a meta-analysis". Arch. Intern. Med. 162 (1): 19–24. PMID 11784215. [e]
- ↑ van Tulder M, Koes B (2006). "Low back pain (chronic)". Clin Evid (15): 1634–53. PMID 16973063. [e]
- ↑ van Tulder M, Scholten R, Koes B, Deyo R. "Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000396. PMID 10796356.
- ↑ Johnson RE, Jones GT, Wiles NJ, et al (2007). "Active exercise, education, and cognitive behavioral therapy for persistent disabling low back pain: a randomized controlled trial". Spine 32 (15): 1578-85. DOI:10.1097/BRS.0b013e318074f890. PMID 17621203. Research Blogging. PMID 1762120
- ↑ Birkmeyer N, Weinstein J, Tosteson A, Tosteson T, Skinner J, Lurie J, Deyo R, Wennberg J (2002). "Design of the Spine Patient outcomes Research Trial (SPORT).". Spine 27 (12): 1361-72. PMID 12065987.
- ↑ Nelemans P, de Bie R, de Vet H, Sturmans F. "Injection therapy for subacute and chronic benign low back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD001824. PMID 10796449.
- ↑ Yelland M, Mar C, Pirozzo S, Schoene M, Vercoe P. "Prolotherapy injections for chronic low-back pain.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD004059. PMID 15106234.
- ↑ Hagen K, Hilde G, Jamtvedt G, Winnem M. "Bed rest for acute low-back pain and sciatica.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD001254. PMID 15495012.
- ↑ Anonymous (2006). 1.00 Musculoskeletal System - Adult. Social Security Administration. Retrieved on 7/22/2008.
- ↑ Roelofs PD, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, van Poppel MN, et al (2007). "Lumbar supports to prevent recurrent low back pain among home care workers: a randomized trial". Ann. Intern. Med. 147 (10): 685–92. PMID 18025444. [e]
See also
External links
- Back Pain Medical Journal for Patients
- Low Back Pain - American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons
- The treatment of low back pain with Acupuncture Includes several research articles on effectiveness.


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"Gangster Squad" is first and foremost an action film, and as such meets a requisite level of heightened entertainment, but for the cast and filmmakers, there still existed the tale's real-life counterparts for which to appropriately pay tribute. Brolin got to speak to O'Mara's daughter for inspiration and accuracy, while Gosling got to do the same for his portrayal of Sgt. Jerry Wooters. The actor recognized the need for divergence where it counts though, and provided a peculiar motivation for his slippery, fast-talking character. "I kind of admired how Bugs Bunny was never above dressing like a lady in order to get out of trouble, and I thought that could be interesting in this in some way," he said. "I was also trying to relate that to, well, that this was a real person, who was much braver and more admirable than the version of him in the film."
Brolin agreed, saying, "You create a composite character and see how it fits, and then Ryan is doing something this way and then Sean is doing something that way, and hopefully you've got to adjust and find the best dynamic that you can create on the set." Apparently Brolin's portrayal of O'Mara was different to the one seen in the finished film though -- "less of a laconic character" -- and one where they "found it much better to have me shut up and go for more of that Bogey, Eastwood type thing." He concluded with a smile, "What you do on the set sometimes isn't necessarily right, so thank god for editing."
As the film's femme fatale Grace Faraday, Emma Stone had what she calls a "nice jumping-point, pressure-wise" being one of the manufactured characters for the film, but that didn't mean she failed to work with Beall to deliver a fully-formed presence. "What [Will and I] had talked about was that she had come out to Los Angeles to be famous, and she ended up on the arm of someone who's really notorious," said Stone, claiming Grace to be a "reality-show type" who remains "famous by association." She added, "I thought something pretty heartbreaking is going on under the surface, and I didn't get a lot of time with the guys as much, so each scene was just trying to bring as much of that to the surface as I possibly could."
Tearing into each scene with a sustained energy of violence and power, Penn as Cohen meant for Fleischer a nerve-wracking dream come true, and for the actors a challenge to step up their game. "I was really nervous to work with him, honestly, not only because he's one of the world's greatest living actors, but he's also a great director," Fleischer commented. "I can promise you I didn't get a lot of sleep the night before shooting with him." Brolin -- who's known Penn for a large chunk of his career and last worked with him in "Milk" -- had a different experience though.
"I don't find him very intense myself," he said with a laugh. "The great thing about him to is you go, 'That's the guy who was Harvey Milk.' That's the shocking thing. His conviction is so complete, and has the ability also to be as vulnerable as he is intense." Stone unfortunately got the latter half of that assessment saying her character's position as the "forgotten girl on his arm" made it so "he's doing his lines elsewhere while I'm watching him more than anything." Fleischer provided an attempt to showcase the actor's humorous side though, as he took the cast to a Hollywood screening of one of Penn's most famous roles.
"We all went to see 'Fast Times at Ridgemont High' at the Hollywood Forever cemetery and that's who Mickey was: Real scary and intense, but also a real sense of humor." Brolin added with surprise, "He was frickin' Spicoli, man!"
Fleischer's film is approaching release for the second time now. "Gangster Squad" was pulled from its original September 2012 slot as its position as an extremely violent film showcasing copious amounts of gunplay had placed it alongside the horrific real-life events that occurred near that date. (It should be noted, this press conference took place prior to the incident in Newtown). As such, Fleischer and co. are left dealing with their feelings on the tragedies while attempting to provide their version of an escapist action spectacle. Brolin said, "We've had a lot of things come up lately that make [the action scenes] very serious," Brolin explained. "And you've got to understand the impact of that when you're doing something. You've already decided to do that type of film. It was a lot of fun, but for a guy who doesn't have any guns myself -- I live in a very Republican part of California and surrounded by gun-toting guys -- I get a little nervous."
He added, "Of course there's a sensitivity, but you have to look at the grand scheme of things from a universal standpoint. You have video games, psycho-pharmaceuticals, low employment, parents who aren't at home, CNN who gloms onto the worst and not the best or most heroic. So there's no one factor." The interim between the film's original release date and its new slot found Fleischer re-shooting the film's theater-set shootout, and he stands behind that decision. "The Aurora shooting was an unspeakable tragedy, and out of respect for the families of the victims, we felt it necessary to reshoot that sequence, and I'm proud of the fact that we did." He continued, "I think that we didn't compromise the film or our intent, and I think the [newly shot] Chinatown sequence is really well done, and that we should all respect the tragedy and not draw associations to our film."
"Gangster Squad" opens in wide release January 11th.


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Developed by Subcommittee: D18.15 | Committee D18 | Contact Staff Manager
1. Scope
Provide steps for selection of soils, appropriate tests and procedures to follow for designing lime stabilized soils.
Lime is often added to fine grained soils to improve their engineering properties. Several different procedures exist to select the appropriate quantity of lime to add to the soil, as well as to test the performance changes that occur. Guidance documents exist but they are neither consistent nor broadly distributed. This guide will clarify best practices as well as potential outcomes for designing lime stabilized in the laboratory.
Keywordsquicklime; hydrated lime; clay soils; soil stabilization
The title and scope are in draft form and are under development within this ASTM Committee.Back to Top
Date Initiated:
Technical Contact:
Dale Andrews
Draft Under Development


text:
Synopsis: Divorced and demoralized Amy Minsky's prospects look bleak when she is condemned to move back in with her parents at the age of 35. Everyone wants to help, but, as her patience level with advice is plummeting, a bold teenage boy enters her life, igniting her last bit of self-esteem. What ensues is an unconventional love story infused with all the good things Amy needs to get on in life, and that just may include great sex.
As we transition into the unofficial start of autumn, the films take on a similarly seasonal tone, ranging from somber to bleak. Larceny, inebriation, lechery, and gore pepper this weekend's releases, creating a veritable smorgasbord of tributes to deadly sinning. There's also the odd comedy, sure, ...Read More »
While the movies have generally favored older men chasing younger women, often to comedic effect, the reverse rarely gets explored. And when it does, it's certainly not with the emotional weight and insight of Todd Louiso's "Hello, I Must Be Going."Read More »
We got new posters from the grand finale of what's been called the greatest trilogy of superhero films, the reboot of a spy franchise, and a Sundance dramedy.Read More »
Some dealmaking has gone down over the past 24 hours, with a handful of indie movies now finding homes and plotting their ways to a screen near you.Read More »
Oscilloscope Laboratories has taken North American rights to Todd Louiso's divorce comedy "Hello I Must Be Going," which was one of the opening night films at this year's Sundance Film Festival.Read More »
Directed by actor-turned-director Todd Louiso and written by Louiso's wife, Sarah Koskoff, "Hello I Must Be Going" stars Melanie Lynskey as Amy Minsky, a 35-year-old, shell-shocked and shattered in the wake of her divorce. For three months now, Amy's been staying in her mom and dad's house, which is...Read More »
If there's a trend in the fiction narratives at Sundance in 2012, it's the series of smart(-ish), sweet(-er) and smutty(-styled) comedies in the mix here in Park City, some of which have been remarkably well-received ("For a Good Time Call") and some of which are not ("Bachelo...Read More »


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Mac OS X Parental Controls Stomp the WebSeptember 17, 2009 on 1:34 pm | In Programming | 1 Comment
"Won't anyone think of the children?"
Oh, snap. Apple may be our techno-culture poster child for great design and great execution, but they appear to have flubbed it badly while trying to keep the children sitting in front of its computers safe from whatever's out there.
We recently were dealing with a support call concerning a number of Noteflight scores created in a particular school classroom. These are XML documents, and it turned out that they had been corrupted by the injection of web proxy HTTP headers in the middle of the document, rendering it unparseable. The corruption now appears to be the handiwork of Mac OS X 10.5's Parental Controls option, which has been reported to have a buggy interaction with Firefox that can insert this garbage into the content of any HTTP POST. And indeed, all the cases we found occurred with Firefox (various versions) and Mac OS 10.5 with Parental Controls in effect. Safari reportedly has no problem.
The garbage typically takes the form Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\rCache-Content age=0 and appears a little under 1500 characters into the POST — probably not coincidentally this is approximately the length of a network packet. Parental Control's web aspect is implemented as an HTTP proxy server, no doubt one with a bug in it.
What's really amazing is that this bug has been around since the beginning of 2009 or so, and little has been said or done about it. But if you Google for the garbage, you'll see that this garbage has made its way into every corner of the web.
Now, that's what I call viral!
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Re-stumbled upon your blog Joe! Wonderfully fun to read – hope you're doing well.
Comment by Deepa Subramaniam — November 11, 2009 #
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