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What do I lose by adopting test driven design?
List only negatives; do not list benefits written in a negative form.
What do I lose by adopting test driven design?
List only negatives; do not list benefits written in a negative form.
closed as not constructive by Will Oct 7 '11 at 17:34
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Several downsides (and I'm not claiming there are no benefits - especially when writing the foundation of a project - it'd save a lot of time at the end):
If you want to do "real" TDD (read: test first with the red, green, refactor steps) then you also have to start using mocks/stubs, when you want to test integration points.
When you start using mocks, after a while, you will want to start using Dependency Injection (DI) and a Inversion of Control (IoC) container. To do that you need to use interfaces for everything (which have a lot of pitfalls themselves).
At the end of the day, you have to write a lot more code, than if you just do it the "plain old way". Instead of just a customer class, you also need to write an interface, a mock class, some IoC configuration and a few tests.
And remember that the test code should also be maintained and cared for. Tests should be as readable as everything else and it takes time to write good code.
Many developers don't quite understand how to do all these "the right way". But because everybody tells them that TDD is the only true way to develop software, they just try the best they can.
It is much harder than one might think. Often projects done with TDD end up with a lot of code that nobody really understands. The unit tests often test the wrong thing, the wrong way. And nobody agrees how a good test should look like, not even the so called gurus.
All those tests make it a lot harder to "change" (opposite to refactoring) the behavior of your system and simple changes just becomes too hard and time consuming.
If you read the TDD literature, there are always some very good examples, but often in real life applications, you must have a user interface and a database. This is where TDD gets really hard, and most sources don't offer good answers. And if they do, it always involves more abstractions: mock objects, programming to an interface, MVC/MVP patterns etc., which again require a lot of knowledge, and... you have to write even more code.
So be careful... if you don't have an enthusiastic team and at least one experienced developer who knows how to write good tests and also knows a few things about good architecture, you really have to think twice before going down the TDD road.
When you get to the point where you have a large number of tests, changing the system might require re-writing some or all of your tests, depending on which ones got invalidated by the changes. This could turn a relatively quick modification into a very time-consuming one.
Also, you might start making design decisions based more on TDD than on actually good design prinicipals. Whereas you may have had a very simple, easy solution that is impossible to test the way TDD demands, you now have a much more complex system that is actually more prone to mistakes.
I think the biggest problem for me is the HUGE loss of time it takes "getting in to it". I am still very much at the beginning of my journey with TDD (See my blog for updates my testing adventures if you are interested) and I have literally spent hours getting started.
It takes a long time to get your brain into "testing mode" and writing "testable code" is a skill in itself.
TBH, I respectfully disagree with Jason Cohen's comments on making private methods public, that's not what it is about. I have made no more public methods in my new way of working than before. It does, however involve architectural changes and allowing for you to "hot plug" modules of code to make everything else easier to test. You should not be making the internals of your code more accessible to do this. Otherwise we are back to square one with everything being public, where is the encapsulation in that?
So, (IMO) in a nutshell:
PS: If you would like links to positives, I have asked and answered several questions on it, check out my profile.
In the few years that I've been practicing Test Driven Development, I'd have to say the biggest downsides are:
Selling it to management
Selling it to other developers
Maintaining the test code along with your production code
Writing tests so that you cover everything (100% code coverage)
However, with that I'd say that the benefits of TDD far outweigh the negatives for the simple idea that if you can achieve a good set of tests that cover your application but aren't so fragile that one change breaks them all, you will be able to keep adding new features on day 300 of your project as you did on day 1. This doesn't happen with all those who try TDD thinking it's a magic bullet to all their bug-ridden code, and so they think it can't work, period.
Personally I have found that with TDD, I write simpler code, I spend less time debating if a particular code solution will work or not, and that I have no fear to change any line of code that doesn't meet the criteria set forth by the team.
TDD is a tough discipline to master, and I've been at it for a few years, and I still learn new testing techniques all the time. It is a huge time investment up front, but, over the long term, your sustainability will be much greater than if you had no automated unit tests. Now, if only my bosses could figure this out.
On your first TDD project there are two big losses, time and personal freedom
You lose time because:
You lose personal freedom because:
Hope this helps
TDD requires you to plan out how your classes will operate before you write code to pass those tests. This is both a plus and a minus.
I find it hard to write tests in a "vacuum" --before any code has been written. In my experience I tend to trip over my tests whenever I inevitably think of something while writing my classes that I forgot while writing my initial tests. Then it's time to not only refactor my classes, but ALSO my tests. Repeat this three or four times and it can get frustrating.
I prefer to write a draft of my classes first then write (and maintain) a battery of unit tests. After I have a draft, TDD works fine for me. For example, if a bug is reported, I will write a test to exploit that bug and then fix the code so the test passes.
Well, and this stretching, you need to debug your tests. Also, there is a certain cost in time for writing the tests, though most people agree that it's an up-front investment that pays off over the lifetime of the application in both time saved debugging and in stability.
The biggest problem I've personally had with it, though, is getting up the discipline to actually write the tests. In a team, especially an established team, it can be hard to convince them that the time spent is worthwhile.
Prototyping can be very difficult with TDD - when you're not sure what road you're going to take to a solution, writing the tests up-front can be difficult (other than very broad ones). This can be a pain.
Honestly I don't think that for "core development" for the vast majority of projects there's any real downside, though; it's talked down a lot more than it should be, usually by people who believe their code is good enough that they don't need tests (it never is) and people who just plain can't be bothered to write them.
The downside to TDD is that it is usually tightly associated with 'Agile' methodology, which places no importance on documentation of a system, rather the understanding behind why a test 'should' return one specific value rather than any other resides only in the developer's head.
As soon as the developer leaves or forgets the reason that the test returns one specific value and not some other, you're screwed. TDD is fine IF it is adequately documented and surrounded by human-readable (ie. pointy-haired manager) documentation that can be referred to in 5 years when the world changes and your app needs to as well.
When I speak of documentation, this isn't a blurb in code, this is official writing that exists external to the application, such as use cases and background information that can be referred to by managers, lawyers and the poor sap who has to update your code in 2011.
If your tests are not very thorough you might fall into a false sense of "everything works" just because you tests pass. Theoretically if your tests pass, the code is working; but if we could write code perfectly the first time we wouldn't need tests. The moral here is to make sure to do a sanity check on your own before calling something complete, don't just rely on the tests.
On that note, if your sanity check finds something that is not tested, make sure to go back and write a test for it.
I've encountered several situations where TDD makes me crazy. To name some:
The biggest problem are the people who don't know how to write proper unit tests. They write tests that depend on each other (and they work great running with Ant, but then all of sudden fail when I run them from Eclipse, just because they run in different order). They write tests that don't test anything in particular - they just debug the code, check the result, and change it into test, calling it "test1". They widen the scope of classes and methods, just because it will be easier to write unit tests for them. The code of unit tests is terrible, with all the classical programming problems (heavy coupling, methods that are 500 lines long, hard-coded values, code duplication) and is a hell to maintain. For some strange reason people treat unit tests as something inferior to the "real" code, and they don't care about their quality at all. :-(
You lose a lot of time spent writing tests. Of course, this might be saved by the end of the project by catching bugs faster.
The biggest downside is that if you really want to do TDD properly you will have to fail a lot before you succeed. Given how many software companies work (dollar per KLOC) you will eventually get fired. Even if your code is faster, cleaner, easier to maintain, and has less bugs.
If you are working in a company that pays you by the KLOCs (or requirements implemented -- even if not tested) stay away from TDD (or code reviews, or pair programming, or Continuous Integration, etc. etc. etc.).
I second the answer about initial development time. You also lose the ability to confortably work without the safety of tests. I've also been described as a TDD nutbar, so you could lose a few friends ;)
You lose the ability to say you are "done" before testing all your code.
You lose the capability to write hundreds or thousands of lines of code before running it.
You lose the opportunity to learn through debugging.
You lose the flexibility to ship code that you aren't sure of.
You lose the freedom to tightly couple your modules.
You lose option to skip writing low level design documentation.
You lose the stability that comes with code that everyone is afraid to change.
You lose the title of "hacker".
It's percieved as slower. Long term that's not true in terms of the grief it will save you down the road, but you'll end up writing more code so arguably you're spending time on "testing not coding". It's a flawed argument, but you did ask!
You will lose large classes with multiple responsibilities. You will also likely lose large methods with multiple responsibilities. You may lose some ability to refactor, but you will also lose some of the need to refactor.
Jason Cohen said something like: TDD requires a certain organization for your code. This might be architecturally wrong; for example, since private methods cannot be called outside a class, you have to make methods non-private to make them testable.
I say this indicates a missed abstraction -- if the private code really needs to be tested, it should probably be in a separate class.
Dave Mann
You have to write applications in a different way: one which makes them testable. You'd be surprised how difficult this is at first.
Some people find the concept of thinking about what they're going to write before they write it too hard. Concepts such as mocking can be difficult for some too. TDD in legacy apps can be very difficult if they weren't designed for testing. TDD around frameworks that are not TDD friendly can also be a struggle.
TDD is a skill so junior devs may struggle at first (mainly because they haven't been taught to work this way).
Overall though the cons become solved as people become skilled and you end up abstracting away the 'smelly' code and have a more stable system.
Refocusing on difficult, unforeseen requirements is the constant bane of the programmer. Test-driven development forces you to focus on the already-known, mundane requirements, and limits your development to what has already been imagined.
Think about it, you are likely to end up designing to specific test cases, so you won't get creative and start thinking "it would be cool if the user could do X, Y, and Z". Therefore, when that user starts getting all excited about potential cool requirements X, Y, and Z, your design may be too rigidly focused on already specified test cases, and it will be difficult to adjust.
This, of course, is a double edged sword. If you spend all your time designing for every conceivable, imaginable, X, Y, and Z that a user could ever want, you will inevitably never complete anything. If you do complete something, it will be impossible for anyone (including yourself) to have any idea what you're doing in your code/design.
It takes some time to get into it and some time to start doing it in a project but... I always regret not doing a Test Driven approach when I find silly bugs that an automated test could have found very fast. In addition, TDD improves code quality.
Good answers all. I would add a few ways to avoid the dark side of TDD:
TDD requires a certain organization for your code. This might be inefficient or difficult to read. Or even architecturally wrong; for example, since
When code changes, you have to change the tests as well. With refactoring this can be a lot of extra work.
It can be hard and time consuming writing tests for "random" data like XML-feeds and databases (not that hard). I've spent some time lately working with weather data feeds. It's quite confusing writing tests for that, at least as i don't have too much experience with TDD.
Let me add that if you apply BDD principles to a TDD project, you can alleviate a few of the major drawbacks listed here (confusion, misunderstandings, etc.). If you're not familiar with BDD, you should read Dan North's introduction. He came up the concept in answer to some of the issues that arose from applying TDD at the workplace. Dan's intro to BDD can be found here.
I only make this suggestion because BDD addresses some of these negatives and acts as a gap-stop. You'll want to consider this when collecting your feedback.
You have to make sure your tests are always up to date, the moment you start ignoring red lights is the moment the tests become meaningless.
You also have to make sure the tests are comprehensive, or the moment a big bug appears, the stuffy management type you finally convinced to let you spend time writing more code will complain.
The person who taught my team agile development didn't believe in planning, you only wrote as much for the tiniest requirement.
His motto was refactor, refactor, refactor. I came to understand that refactor meant 'not planning ahead'.
Development time increases : Every method needs testing, and if you have a large application with dependencies you need to prepare and clean your data for tests.
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May 28, 2016
The Associated Press says Mike Brown will return to the NBA's Cleveland Cavaliers as head coach. Brown has not yet signed, but has agreed to take the job. The announcement is due Wednesday. Brown went 272-138 and to the playoffs in all five seasons with the Cavs, teaming with LeBron James on a run to the NBA finals in 2007. He was fired after the Cavs lost to the Boston Celtics in the 2010 Eastern Conference semi-finals. Brown then coached one season and five more games with the Los Angeles Lakers before being fired earlier this season.
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Whale Watching | Mammals
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An Early Showing for the Gray Whales This Season? | Kera
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Whats Behind the Wheel at Toyota
Peña, a managing director in Denver at the investment firm Vestar Capital Partners, is a veteran member of Toyota's Diversity Advisory Board, which advises company executives and serves as a watchdog for the company's 35,000 U.S. employees.
In the past five years, Toyota has far exceeded its targets and has increased its spending to a $1.2 billion annual commitment to diversity, he says. It focuses on key areas such as implementing philanthropy, job training, hiring and increasing the number of minority and ethnic dealers and suppliers.
"Toyota made it into the Billion Dollar Roundtable, which is very prestigious," he says. "It has built diversity into the whole company. It isn't just a program. The entire culture supports it."
The Diversity Advisory Board, thought to be the only such group in the industry, was established in 2001. That's when Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A. and Toyota Motor Manufacturing North America Inc. developed a 10-year, $7.8 billion diversity strategy for minority-oriented business and philanthropy after a threatened boycott by the Rev. Jesse Jackson, who deemed a Toyota TV ad offensive to blacks.
The seven board members are experts in the fields of diversity, public policy and economic development and include former Secretary of Labor Alexis Herman and former U.S. Reps. Jack Kemp and Susan Molinari.
They meet four times a year and talk on the phone more frequently, Peña says, providing an outside perspective, helping to set a diversity strategy and working closely with management. The program was intended to go beyond a focus on compliance to help launch careers and fill the automotive dealership pipeline with diverse talent.
A key diversity and inclusion initiative is Toyota's Business Partners Groups, employees who collectively advance company interests and support employee development. One, the Diversity Champions program, charges outstanding employees with working at the grass-roots level to develop diversity and inclusion programs.
Other business partners are TORQUE-Women's Development and Empowerment, and TAASiA (Toyota Asian American Society in Alliance)—both of which were established in 2006—and older groups such as GALA (Gay and Lesbian [Bisexual Transgender & Friends] Alliance), the AAC (African American Collaborative) and TODOS (Toyota Organization for the Development of Latinos).
"People don't come to complain," says Jennifer "Jae" Requiro, manager of the diversity consulting and inclusion strategies department. "And they don't bring up issues without looking for solutions."
Toyota is the recipient of several honors, including the National Minority Supplier Development Council's Corporation of the Year.
Last spring, however, the top Toyota executive in the U.S., Hideaki Otaka, left his position after he was accused of sexual harassment by his former assistant. An undisclosed settlement was reached. In response, the company formed a special task force, led by diversity advisory board member Herman, to review the company's harassment and discrimination policies.
A company spokeswoman says the lawsuit resulted in "immediate actions to enhance training for (company) executives" and plans to strengthen and clarify its procedures for responding to allegations.
"As a supplement to existing training, all executives of our North American affiliates are now required to undergo a special training program to enable them to better recognize, prevent and handle any instances of inappropriate behavior," Toyota spokesman Steven Curtis says.
In addition, Curtis says the policy requires that any allegation of harassment or misconduct be immediately investigated and reported to the executive's superior—and each affiliate has now clarified its procedures to provide that if the chairman, CEO or president is involved, a report will be made directly to that executive's board of directors.
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The company is paying careful attention to changing demographics and to driving diversity, he says. "It's the Toyota Way. When they commit themselves to something, they do it."
That's why it isn't surprising that the company is on track to post record profits this year, Peña observes. In November, Toyota reported a 34 percent increase in its fiscal second-quarter profit and raised its full-year earnings forecast to more than $13 billion.


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Bull Shoals police chief back on stand today
Editor's Note
The federal trial for Bull Shoals Police Chief Daniel Sutterfield will resume this morning at the J. Smith Henley Federal Building in Harrison, with Sutterfield expected to return to the witness stand and complete cross examination by U.S. Attorney Cindy Chung.
In its fourth day, when the case is given to the jury, Sutterfield faces prison terms of up to 10 years on a use of excessive force charge, up to five years on a conspiracy charge and up to 20 years for his role in the falsifying of a police report. Sutterfield also faces up to a $250,000 fine.
In a separate legal issue, Sutterfield - along with Bull Shoals police officer David Chatman and the City of Bull Shoals - is named in a civil lawsuit filed by Nicholas Dore, the subject of the domestic abuse arrest on July 9, 2013, that led to an FBI investigation and the charges Sutterfield is facing in U.S. District Court.
HARRISON – Prosecutors in the Daniel Sutterfield federal excessive force trial saved their best for last, bringing two strong witnesses to the stand Thursday before resting their case. Then, U.S. Attorney Cindy Chung received a gift when the Bull Shoals police chief took the stand, dismantling his credibility question by question.
Sutterfield is on trial for the events last summer surrounding the arrest of Nicholas Dore on a domestic abuse charge. Prosecutors have charged Sutterfield with using excessive force, falsifying a report and conspiracy in connection with the arrest.
Day 2 coverage: Dore says incident with Sutterfield 'blurry'
Day 1 Coverage: Sutterfield trial opens
Trial Preview: Timeline of case against Daniel Sutterfield
Sutterfield told the jury he was in his office on July 9, 2013, when Kristy Kilgore entered and said Dore had beat up her mother, Cleta Almond, and she wanted something done.
Sutterfield testified he went out to Kilgore's car where Almond was waiting and spoke to her. Almond told him that Dore "went crazy," that her boyfriend had a gun and military knives, had trained with Navy SEALS and that he wasn't afraid of the police.
Sutterfield continued that he and fellow officer David Chatman drove to the home Dore shares with Almond and saw him in the garage. Dore cursed them and closed the garage door as the officers approached, Sutterfield said, noting he was highly concerned for their safety due to the information about Dore's training and the weapons in the home.
"I understood he was a former Navy SEAL," Sutterfield said. "I was worried because they have training far above ours."
The incident escalates
Dore locked the front door to the home and continued cursing the officers. Approximately 10 minutes later, Sutterfield said he made the decision to force entry through the front door, stating he believed there were exigent circumstances due to Dore's training, the weapons he might have and the violence perpetrated on Almond.
Once inside, Sutterfield said the three Bull Shoals officers present found Dore on the couch, lying on his back, covered by a blanket. They shouted for Dore to show his hands, but he didn't comply, Sutterfield said.
In an attempt to get Dore to show his hands, Sutterfield said he used a shotgun to "tap" one of Dore's hands hard enough to knock loose a gun if he were holding one. The officers then pulled Dore off the couch and onto the floor in an attempt to handcuff him.
Chatman got one handcuff on Dore and, Sutterfield said, he was concerned the free handcuff could be used as a weapon. Sutterfield handed his shotgun to officer Brian Williams, pulled out his taser and warned Dore he would be tased if he did not give officers the other hand.
Dore did not, so Sutterfield tased him, though the contact wasn't very good, rendering the attempt ineffective. Defense attorney Bruce Eddy asked Sutterfield if he ever struck Dore in the head with the shotgun.
"I did not strike him in the head," Sutterfield said. "I told him if he did not give me his hand, he would be tased."
Dore still did not give his hand to officers, so Sutterfield tased him again, and once again there was no good contact and the stun was ineffective.
After more struggling, Sutterfield testified, Dore was finally handcuffed. But as he went to help Chatman, Dore collided with Sutterfield, knocking him into a fireplace. Dore and Chatman both landed on top of the chief, causing injuries to his legs and back, Sutterfield said.
Under Eddy's questioning, Sutterfield did admit to tasing Dore a third time, effectively, this one after he was handcuffed, because he lifted his legs while being escorted from the home.
Before tasing Dore the final time, Sutterfield said he issued a warning to put his feet on the ground and help or he would be tased.
Prosecution shreds credibility
With Eddy done questioning his client, Chung walked to the podium carrying a large binder of documents, looked up and said 'Good afternoon' to Sutterfield, and then systematically shredded his credibility.
After a few objections from Eddy, Chung focused on Sutterfield's record of worker's compensation claims. Under questioning from Chung, Sutterfield admitted he had filed previous claims at two other law enforcement agencies he worked for.
Sutterfield — currently on worker's comp for injuries suffered in Dore's arrest — denied, however, that either of the claims had been denied, either in whole or part, despite Chung reading records of proceedings regarding the claims.
Then, despite other officers testifying he had signed off on reports they wrote, Sutterfield denied having knowledge of the contents of the report Chatman wrote on Dore's arrest — the report Chatman testified he falsified under Sutterfield's direction.
Chung asked Sutterfield if Dore's arrest was a significant one, which he agreed it was. Chung then listed several things which made Dore's arrest significant: there was use of force, a taser was used, a shotgun was used, a suspect was injured and an officer was injured.
Despite all the significant events, Sutterfield claimed he never reviewed Chatman's report, nor did he approve it. Sutterfield did agree with Chung that several assertions in the report were false, and that several things that did occur were not included.
Sutterfield eventually told the jury he should have written a supplement to Chatman's report which would have been following established practice.
Chung then moved on to Sutterfield's work as an instructor for the Arkansas Law Enforcement Training Academy. Under questioning, Sutterfield denied he would falsify records to help someone.
However, in a key moment of testimony, Sutterfield admitted to losing his ALETA instructor certification for falsifying two records to help one of his friends.
Other key witnesses
Things started off slow on Day 3 of the trial with Lakeview Police Chief David Manley testifying first, saying in December 2011 he taught and certified Sutterfield in the use of a taser. During that training, Manley said he emphasized to students the importance of battery maintenance on the devices in order to prevent them from losing the data they store.
Things quickly heated up when Williams testified about what he saw inside Dore's home on the day in question.
"I saw kicks to the head, I saw stomps to the shoulder blades and I saw tasing," Williams told the jury. Williams testified Sutterfield "methodically" beat Dore after he was handcuffed. The beating was so bad, Williams told the jury, he left the house.
"I wasn't in a good emotional position. I started to tear up," Williams said. "I didn't like what I saw and I knew it was wrong."
Williams said he told several people about the incident, including deputy prosecutor Kenford Carter, who testified he was very concerned about what Williams told him, but failed to act quickly on the information.
Carter admitted there was a three- to four-month gap before he went to 14th Judicial District Prosecuting Attorney Ron Kincade.
"I'm not comfortable with that," Carter said. "I feel like I should have gotten it to Kincade sooner."
When the trial resumes today, Sutterfield is expected to return to the stand. He faces prison terms of up to 10 years on the use of excessive force charge, up to five years on the conspiracy charge and up to 20 years for his role in the falsifying of a police report. Sutterfield also faces up to a $250,000 fine.


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faculties. Keep your data updated.
Add / Edit / Delete Clinical Facilities DetailsAdd Details of Parent and Affiliated Hospitals as per the
Nursing Programs.
Add / Edit / Delete Students DetailsDetails of
ONLY M.Sc. and P.B.B.Sc. Students is to be added every academic year.


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A friend of mine is cabin crew for BA based at LHR, she's not much of an airline enthusiast overall so is useless with random facts and knowledge. Lol. Anyway, I know that BA have three cabin crew fleets at LHR - long haul, short haul and a mix of both. This made me wonder about how Lufthansa works at FRA and MUC, is it a similar thing? Also due to the fact that European cabin crew can only fly three types of aircraft.
Thankful for the info
Please check your spelling (press "Check Spelling" above)
©Copyright 2016 Demand Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved


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Real Estate in Santa Cruz, CA
Santa Cruz is located in California. Santa Cruz, California has a population of 46,821. Santa Cruz is less family-centric than the surrounding county with 31.67% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 32%.
The median household income in Santa Cruz, California is $64,232. The median household income for the surrounding county is $62,755 compared to the national median of $53,046. The median age of people living in Santa Cruz is 34.7 years.
Santa Cruz Environment
The average high temperature in July is 74 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 39.2 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 30.5 inches per year, with 0 inches of snow per year.
Santa Cruz Map
Santa Cruz Real Estate offices
Real Estate near Santa Cruz
Nearby Cities
Nearby Cities Homes for Sale


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Stumble It!
Hector Hummingbird children's story by Australian poet Graeme King - funny poems, sad poems, serious poems and romantic poems. Poems for children, nature poems and environment poems, flash poetry, fantasy poems, funny limericks and more
Something big was
happening in the forest. Hector Hummingbird could feel the buzz. He
flitted over to where Oliver was sleeping on a branch.
"Whoo is waking me
up?" asked Oliver Owl grumpily.
happening. I can feel it!" said Hector.
"Yes, yes, and you
need me to tell you what it is!" growled Oliver, his huge eyes wide. He
was the wisest owl in the whole forest, and Hector knew that Oliver would
know what was happening.
"It's simple,"
yawned Oliver, "The King is coming out into the forest for a picnic. Now
buzz off and let me sleep!" He closed his big brown eyes.
The King! Hector
had never seen the King!
He spent the rest
of the morning sipping nectar from the forest flowers, and then he heard
the sound of voices. He fluttered through the trees until he came across
the picnic. Wow! There was the King, and the Queen, and even the little
Hector watched from
a tree as the picnic progressed, with footmen serving a huge array of
treats and tidbits. Other servants flitted about making sure everything
was perfect for the Royal Family. Hector chuckled, as the servants were
like hummingbirds, darting here and there and everywhere. Everybody was
having a wonderful time, until the Queen looked up into the trees and
"My baby!" she
cried, "My little girl!"
Everybody looked
up. While they had been so busy picnicking, the Princess had climbed
high up into a big old oak tree, and was now on a branch far above the
"Save my daughter!"
commanded the King, but just as his men ran towards the tree, the
Princess slipped.
Grabbing the branch
with her hands, she dangled helplessly up in the air. She wouldn't hold
on very long, and would surely fall.
Suddenly the crowd
gasped. There, way up in the tree was a hummingbird, pulling the
Princess by the dress back onto the branch!
Hector pulled and
pulled, and his wings hummed and hummed, but the Princess was too heavy.
He could feel her slipping as her grip on the branch failed. Then a
voice sounded in his ear:
"He whoo is not
strong enough must be smart enough!"
Hector glanced
around, but couldn't see Oliver. He did, however, see a strong vine
hanging against the tree's trunk.
As fast as a blink
of an eye, Hector grabbed the end of the vine, and as the Princess fell,
he flew it around and around the Princess, finally knotting the vine
under itself. Only a hummingbird could have flown so fast! Everybody
gasped as the Princess plummeted towards the ground, and then she was
suddenly pulled up short. The vine held! The Princess dangled safely in
the air! Three of the King's man scrambled up the tree and soon had her
safely on the ground again. She was unhurt.
The forest
resounded with the cry:
"Hurrah for the
Hector moved into
the castle at the King's insistence. and the Royal gardeners planted
special flower gardens full of his favorite blooms. He was great friends
with the Princess, and they often played together in the forest
together, although she was forbidden to climb any more trees.
The King gave a
huge feast, and all the guests stood and toasted to Hector, who hummed
with happiness.
proclaimed the King "He shall be known throughout the land as: Sir
Hector Hummingbird – Hero!"
Original pictures by Graeme King
©Kingpoetry2007 BACK to TOP
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- Please share my poetry with others


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DreamCalc 4.5
Upload By Ephemerid - (03.04.2009)
Dreamcalc ın gerçek bir hesap makinesinden farkı yoktur... Dreamcalc ile ileri düzey hesaplamalar yapabilirsiniz...
Cebirsel & Rpn Girdileri
Grafik Çizim Fonksiyonları
İstatistikler & İstatistiksel Çizelgeler
Kompleks Sayılar
Tarihsel hesaplamar.
Graphing Sine & Cosine
This screenshot shows the Chart & List Window being used to generate sine and cosine function plots. An integral calculation, between the range 2 to 5, is also shown for plot A.
Sine & Cosine Functions
These plots can be generated using the input parameters below. See Graphing a Function for more information.
Input Plot A: sin(x)
Plot B: cos(x) Range 0; 2pi Angle Mode Radians No. Points 1000 Notes Click the Calc button and then select Integral of Plot A to perform the integral calculation.
Square Wave with Random Noise
Input SIGN(sin(x)) + 0.2 * Ran - 0.1 Range 0; 3 Angle Mode Cycles No. Points 100 Notes The SIGN function converts sine into a square wave, while Ran adds "noise". The noise will change each time you plot the function.
Graphing an Asymptote
Input 1 / x Range -10; +10 Angle Mode N/A Interval 0.5 Notes Use "Interval", not "No. Points" so as to create a discontinuity at x = 0 (i.e. 1 / 0 -> INFINITY).
Equation of Time
The "equation of time" approximates the difference between the apparent time and mean time (i.e. between solar noon and noon on the clock) throughout the year. The difference is due to a combination of the obliquity of the Earth's rotation axis and the eccentricity of its orbit.
Equation of Time
Input 9.87 * sin (2 * 360 * (x - 81) / 364) - 7.53 * cos (360 * (x - 81) / 364) - 1.5 * sin (360 * (x - 81) / 364) Range 1; 365 Angle Mode Degrees No. Points 100 Notes
Creating a Polar Plot
Below is the Polar Rose—a famous polar plot that looks like a petalled flower.
Polar Rose
Input 8 * sin(2.5t) Range 1; 4pi Angle Mode Radians No. Points 200 Notes Enter the above equation and select: Axes->Polar Plot.
Regression Analysis
Below, a scatter plot of X-Y data with a line of best fit, as determined by cubic regression analysis.
X-Y Plot with Cubic Regression
Mode Cubic Regression (X-Y) Chart X-Y Scatter Plot
Select: Chart->X-Y Data Charts->Show Regression Fit to show best fit. Notes Import File: sample_xy_data.txt
Below is a histogram generated using data in the DreamCalc SD Data List. The second chart shows a cumulative plot of the same data. The actual data values used to generate these plots can be found in the notes below.
Mode Standard Deviation (SD) Chart Histogram
Select: Axes->Cumulative for the cumulative variation. Notes Import File: sample_histogram_data.txt
Normal Q-Q Plots
Professional Edition Only. A Normal Quantile-Quantile Plot generated using data in the DreamCalc SD Data List. The actual data values used to generate this plot can be found in the notes below.
Mode Standard Deviation (SD) Chart Normal Q-Q Plot (Professional Edition Only) Notes Import File: sample_qq_data.txt
Cashflow Chart
Professional Edition Only. The chart below shows cash amounts held in the cashflow list—a separate data list used in the financial calculations supported by the Professional Edition of DreamCalc.
Cashflow Chart (Professional Edition Only)
Mode Any - cashflow data is independent of other lists. Chart Cashflow Cashflow -2000, 3232, 7000, 9535, 13500, 21543, 12545, 18232, 11033, 7543, 5075
Toplam Boyut: 10 Mb
**Gizli İçerik: İçeriği görmek için cevap yazmak zorundasınız**


text:
myAfrica is an open resource. Most profiles, such as this one, are editable by logged in users. You may block editing access to a profile of yourself that you create if you wish.
Born Delta State, bred in Ondo State, Nigeria. Pry and Sec educations: Ondo State. Post sec education: Cross River State. Post Grad. London. Lecturer: Fed. Poly Bauchi/Nasarawa. Now resident in the UK
Working with people having mental health issues.
I was born in Delta State but grew up in Ondo State where I had my primary and secondary educations. I had my post secondary education in Cross River State and did my NYSC in 1982 back in Ondo State.
I was Lecturer in Federal Polytechnic Bauchi 1983-86 then moved to Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa from 1986-89.
I left Nigeria in 1989 originally for my Masters degree in London, UK. After the course in 1990, I returned to Nasarawa in 1991. Later on in the same year, I returned to London which is now my residence.


text:
What is the rotation speed for military jets taking off from aircraft carriers? (On a standard day in KIAS) We have seen them lifting off at a really short amount of time and I was just wondering about the rotation speed.
Please check your spelling (press "Check Spelling" above)
©Copyright 2016 Demand Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved


text:
Rockford Holiday Book and Bake Sale
December 6-11 is your chance to find special holiday books and movies that have been collected by the Rockford Friends of the Library all year. Make a donation to support the library and find gifts and seasonal stories for the whole family to enjoy. Special traditional goodies will also appear and maybe a few craft items as well (donations welcome!). Come browse during library open hours all week.


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FBI human trafficking cases have more than doubled since 2007.
National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month01/18/2013
Mollie Halpern: FBI human trafficking cases have more than doubled since 2007.
David B. Rogers: Our cases have increased dramatically. I think it's because we're looking at it through a new prism that actually sees indicators of trafficking that we never saw before.
Halpern: I'm Mollie Halpern, and this is FBI, This Week. The FBI is observing National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month, which is this January. Supervisory Special Agent David Rogers says raising awareness of what is known as modern-day slavery can help the Bureau put a stop to it.
Rogers: There may be trafficking right next door to you. A trafficking victim doesn't know a demographic barrier, it doesn't know a gender barrier.
Halpern: Supervisory Special Agent Wendell Drew Watts adds…
Wendell Drew Watts: Human trafficking is a hidden crime and it is a victim-based crime.
Halpern: Call your local FBI field office if you suspect a human trafficking crime. You can also call the National Human Trafficking Resource Center at 888-373-7888.


text:
Joined on Jan 27, 2006
|Total: 2, showing: 1 – 2
On article Just Posted: Leica M-Monochrom hands-on preview with image samples (482 comments in total)
In reply to:
SkyTamer: Why would Leica feel the need to offer Silver Effects 2 with this new camera? Is like saying if you don't like the results straight-out-of-camera you can fix them with software?!? From a camera specifically designed to produce outstanding quality B&W shots?
Silver Efex is my favorite BW tool, I use it all the time, like here:
To get it together with LR is a sweet deal considering the M Monos pricetag. I will get one from Leica for testing and let you guys know what I think about the stuff that comes straight out of the camera.
On article Photoshop CS6 Beta: New Features for Photographers (154 comments in total)
The new contentaware patch tool is very useful for areas which needed masking to be properly filled in earlier versions of PS.
|Total: 2, showing: 1 – 2


text:
APR 14, 2013 - Boston Herald
A Must Read - Share
BOSTON — Deep cuts in catch limits will hit New England's fishing fleet in less than three weeks, and there's little hint any real relief is coming. But regulators and fishermen are still seeking ways to lessen a blow fishermen warn will finish them off.In recent months, federal regulators have pushed several measures that aim to give fishermen more fish to catch by the May 1 start of the 2013 fishing year. Meanwhile, fishing groups and lawmakers are lobbying for changes that would make year-to-year cuts in the crucial Gulf of Maine cod species less severe.
Editor's Picks
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Check out this week's list of authors on the talk show circuit. Not included below - but worth mentioning - is tonight's Daily Show appearance by Amazon.com CEO Jeff Bezos. Safe to assume that Kindle 2 will be a topic of conversation.
Monday, February 23
Tavis Smiley
T.C. Boyle, author of The Women
The Colbert Report
Helen Fisher, author of Why Him? Why Her?: Finding Real Love By Understanding Your Personality Type
Last Call with Carson Daly
Kat Von D, author of High Voltage Tattoo
Tuesday, February 24
Tavis Smiley
Adam Cohen, author of Nothing to Fear: FDR's Inner Circle and the Hundred Days That Created Modern America
The Colbert Report
Cliff Sloan, author of The Great Decision: Jefferson, Adams, Marshall, and the Battle for the Supreme Court
Thursday, February 26
Tavis Smiley
Thomas Ricks, author of The Gamble: General David Petraeus and the American Military Adventure in Iraq, 2006-2008
Friday, February 27
Tavis Smiley
Tricia Rose, author of The Hip Hop Wars
Late Night with Jimmy Fallon
Mario Batali, author of Spain...A Culinary Road Trip


text:
Mobile Site You Are Here > PFR Home > Players > J > Nate Jackson > News Archive
News: s-r blog:2016 NFL Draft Features
Nathan Ross Jackson
Position: WR
Height: 6-3 Weight: 223 lbs.
Born: June 4, 1979 in San Jose, CA
High School: PioneerCollege: Menlo
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 2 (11632nd overall since 1950)
Automatic Player Linking / Statistical Sharing Tool / Basic Player Linking
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text:
21,043 Pieces
* 13.10.15 Grand total point series
May differ from actual colors pictured above wearing a little. Please see the product pictures below color. Also, if you have any concern, please feel free to contact.
This winter also will play at the border! EVERY border knit series.
Washable knits in winter also borders ♪ EVERY knit, was born as a friend of our Winter Classic knit cashmere touch line appeared again this year! Border mania is to give, is a proud knit color also pitch.
>>> Such a thing EVERY border knit series collectively check !
The theme ' to your favorite T shirt. Want daily wear, knitting daily. "EVERYONE, EVERYDAY, EVERYTIME, EVERYWHERE and EVERYWAY. Even an 'EVERY' border item, it is our original brand Zootie ( ズーティー ) EVERY border knit series .
It is as a cashmere touch knit friends line last year and first appearance was very popular items. Further, add a NEW color 'tricolor' 2012 / 13 AW. Feeling increasingly likely penetrate and winter the border STYLE!
[EVERY border knit series, check point 5]
1. Even staple this year femininity too! All 5 design.
2. Really easy to use! Proud commitment scheme.
3. Fit the design, even the pitch were carefully selected.
4. It's washable knitwear from easy to clean!
5. And above all happy プチプライス!
' And not a natural border is too casual. "That focused on the fluffy and kindness than natural texture. Compared with knit cashmere touch here is a rustic touch . Still the same "feeling better wear you want' desire. A tingling feeling less the finished texture soft and light as possible. It is at home, washable material, so happy sewn sensation that can be worn casually.
Enters the Higazy genre according to the fineness of the stitch is not too thin yarn is woven, so a little roughly feeling sometimes. It is somewhat interesting.
To your everyday wardrobe. Color is still insistent on order! White is too white, a bit like kinari, deep Navy Blue. And so on. Is very basic but sleek somewhere, this color only is a virtue.
Should be had to the cut-off, including 'tricolor' was added from the 2012 / 13 AW.
I bought this year also for the first time last year too. Please get lost your heart's content!
Pitch (border width) is an important key impressions of the border, so knit series changed the pitch according to the item. Exquisite width for each design. Was so secret it stripes look more cute!
[Pitch for this item I]
Not too narrow, too conscious バスクシャツ, Kota, basic marine border that rhythm at regular intervals, not less. It is revitalizing an idiomatic sense of casual pitch.
From clutter and want to get dressed in just the size we have deployed in two sizes m/l click here for items only.
M size is in the bodice and sleeves width Yul, has good balance, length, just because a compact impression. Delicate and I also not able to 着こなせます. Size L is a longer length and sleeve length. Loose it so fun layered is probably.
* Here is the Rakuten international shipping
|JP Post EMS
|Credit Card
< Return and Refund Policy >
Any return or refund will not be accepted after the confirmation e-mail.
Start Date:02/05/2016 00:00 JST
End Date:30/06/2016 23:59 JST
This product cannot be shipped to United States from the store.
Please contact the store for further information.


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You know the most wonderful thing about Sundays? The best silly and scary paparazzi photos of the week! Other than bottomless mimosas at brunch, of course.
Although I recommend drinking your mimosa while checking out silly and scary Sunday. I mean, does it get much better than James Franco's crazed face and booze? Not really. I bet even James would agree with me. You know he needed plenty of booze to make this.
But James wasn't alone in silly and scary land this week.
He got a very special visit from the king of scary, Charlie Sheen. And Charlie is just the beginning. Launch the gallery to check the best silly and scary photos from the past week! Enjoy it with your mimosa in hand!


text:
Monojit Choudhury, Animesh Mukherjee, Anupam Basu, and Niloy Ganguly
Cross-linguistic similarities are reflected by the speech sound systems of languages all over the world. In this work we try to model such similarities observed in the consonant inventories, through a complex bipartite network. We present a systematic study of some of the appealing features of these inventories with the help of the bipartite network. An important observation is that the occurrence of consonants follows a two regime power law distribution. We find that the consonant inventory size distribution together with the principle of preferential attachment are the main reasons behind the emergence of such a two regime behavior. In order to further support our explanation we present a synthesis
model for this network based on the general theory of preferential attachment.
|Publication type
|Published in
|Proceedings of the COLING/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions
|Association for Computational Linguistics
All copyrights reserved by ACL 2007


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(Photo courtesy of AIVL, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
The Advanced Imaging and Visualization Laboratory at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution specializes in high-resolution optical imaging and building and operating camera systems to work in hostile environments from more than 10,000 feet beneath the sea to 14,000 feet above sea level. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
Photomosiacs of Titanic from 2012 and 1987 show that the bow of Titanic has remained relatively intact compared with the stern. The top mosaic consists of approximately 1,500 high-resolution still images shot in 2010, revealing structural changes that have occurred to the bow section since the last effort to mosaic the wreck. The bottom image was the first complete image of Titanic on the seafloor and is made up of 100 images pieced together from the 53,000 taken by a towed camera sled. It took approximately 700 hours to make. (©2012 RMS Titanic, Inc. Produced by AIVL, WHOI)
William Lange (2nd row, fifth from right) was part of the research team that returned to Titanic in 1986 with the submersible Alvin, on which pilots are sitting in the background. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
The Argo towed camera sled had television cameras and sonars that helped find Titanic. It was named by Titanic expedition leader Robert Ballard after the mythical Greek vessel that carried Jason on his quest for the Golden Fleece. In 1985, Argo represented a new generation of exploration vehicles for ocean scientists. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
Two REMUS 6000 vehicles mapped the Titanic during the 2010 expedition. They are autonomous underwater vehicles that don't have any cable connection to the surface. They were launched and followed preprogrammed tracks, carrying sonar devices to map the wreck site. REMUS, which stands for Remote Environmental Monitoring Units, was developed at WHOI. (Photo courtesy of Mike Purcell, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
A view of Titanic looking down on the stern reveals significant structural damage caused when the ship broke apart and sank and the degradation that has occurred after 100 years on the seafloor. Approximately 1,500 images, collected in 2010, were stitched together to make this high-resolution mosaic. (©2012 RMS Titanic, Inc. Produced by AIVL, WHOI)
The aft end of Titanic's keel is deeply embedded in thick, clay-like sediment 12,000 feet below the surface of the North Atlantic. The port propeller is also visible in this view. (©2012 RMS Titanic, Inc. Produced by AIVL, WHOI)
WHOI reserachers Bob Ballard, Elazar Uchupi, and William Lange created this first map of the Titanic wreck site based on images collected during two WHOI expeditions in 1985 and 1986. It was published in 1988 and was the most complete map until the new one was completed after the 2010 expedition.(Ballard, Uchupi, and Lange, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)


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The Nasdaq has fallen 0.7%, the S&P 500 has slipped 0.2% and the Dow has declined 0.2%, marking a bad morning for the market.
The Semiconductors sector (XLK) is currently ahead of the overall market, down only 0.7%, and its biggest movers are currently:
|Market Cap
|Percentage Change
|Rambus (Nasdaq:RMBS)
|$545.7 million
|Veeco Instruments (Nasdaq:VECO)
|$1.37 billion
|Cymer (Nasdaq:CYMI)
|$1.71 billion
|Universal (Nasdaq:PANL)
|$1.81 billion
|ASM International (Nasdaq:ASMI)
|$1.97 billion
|Mellanox (Nasdaq:MLNX)
|$4.41 billion
|Cirrus Logic (Nasdaq:CRUS)
|$2.71 billion
Beginner's Guide To FXCM And Trading Station
Rambus (Nasdaq:RMBS) has soared 19.5% to reach a current price of $5.89 per share. The company's volume is currently 3.4 million shares. This is greater than yesterday's volume of 823,674 shares. High volume indicates a lot of investor interest while low volume indicates the opposite. Valuation ratios like the price to earnings (P/E) ratio, the price to earnings growth (PEG) ratio, the price to sales (P/S) ratio, the price to book (P/B) ratio, and the dividend yield are useful in determining how attractive a potential or existing investment is. The debt-equity (D/E) ratio is a leverage ratio. RMBS has a low debt-equity ratio of 37%. This shows that the company's assets are financed primarily through equity. The D/E ratio is not a pure measurement of a company's debt because it includes operational liabilities in total liabilities.
Veeco Instruments (Nasdaq:VECO) has fallen 9.2% and is currently trading at $31.74 per share. At 1.2 million shares, the company's volume so far today is 2.1 times the average volume over the last three months. Volume is an important indicator in technical analysis as it is used to measure the worth of a market move. If the markets have made a strong price move either up or down the perceived strength of that move depends on the volume for that period. The higher the volume during that price move the more significant the move. In making a decision about a potential or existing investment, valuation ratios are useful as a basis for seeing whether the stock price is too high, reasonable, or a bargain. A price/sales ratio is derived by dividing stock market price by company sales. VECO's P/S ratio of 1.83 is on the high side. In young companies, a high P/S ratio is a sign of sales growth that is expected to turn into earnings and cash flow. All things being equal, a low P/S ratio is good news for investors, while a very high one can be a warning sign.
Currently trading at $52.13 per share, Cymer (Nasdaq:CYMI) has fallen 5.6%. This morning, the company is trading a volume of 168,040 shares. As a stock moves up or down, it is important to pay attention to the trading volume. This indicates the level of interest: the higher the volume, the more the interest. Looking at a company's valuation ratios is a good way of getting a basic idea as to its value as an investment. One of the most important estimates of stock market valuation is the price/earnings ratio (P/E ratio). CYMI has a P/E ratio of 31.9, in line with the industry average. A high or low P/E ratio is not good or bad in and of itself, but a company trading with a high P/E ratio must continue to post strong financial performance or its stock price is likely to fall. SEE: Understanding The P/E Ratio
Universal (Nasdaq:PANL) is trading at $37.05 per share, down 5%. So far today, the company's volume is 544,484 shares, 0.9 times the average daily volume. Volume is also used as a secondary indicator to help confirm what the price movement is suggesting. A wide array of ratios can be used by investors to estimate the attractiveness of a potential or existing investment and get an idea of its valuation. The price/book value ratio is calculated by dividing the current stock price by the company's book value per share. The P/B ratio for PANL is 4.88, indicating that the stock is trading for more than its book value. This may be a sign that the company is overvalued. All else being equal, a stock with a low P/B value ratio is more attractive than a stock with a high ratio. SEE: Investment Valuation Ratios: Price/Book Value Ratio
Slipping 4%, ASM International (Nasdaq:ASMI) is currently trading at $34.43 per share. The company's volume for the day so far is 3,962 shares. Volume is an important indicator because it indicates how significant a price shift is. A company's investment value can be estimated using valuation ratios such as the price to earnings (P/E) ratio, the price to earnings growth (PEG) ratio, the price to sales (P/S) ratio, the price to book (P/B) ratio, and the dividend yield. The debt ratio measures the leverage of a company, and a company's leverage is a good way to assess risk. The debt ratio for ASMI is 60.1%, which is relatively high. This might mean that the company now has low borrowing capacity, which reduces it's financial flexibility. As with all financial ratios, a company's debt ratio should be compared with the industry average or similar companies.
After a decline of 3.8%, Mellanox (Nasdaq:MLNX) has hit a share price of $106.80. The company's volume is currently 486,182 shares for the day, 0.3 times the current three-month average. If a stock is trading on low volume, then there is not much interest in the stock. On the other hand, if a stock is trading on high volume, then there is a lot of interest in the stock. Investors can make use of valuation ratios to estimate whether a stock is fairly valued. The price/sales ratio measures a company's stock market price by its revenues. The P/S ratio for MLNX is 7.91, which is relatively high. This could be a good sign if the share price increases. It is important to keep in mind when looking at the P/S ratio that just because a company is generating revenues, this does not mean that the company is profitable, and in the long run, profits drive stock prices.
Cirrus Logic (Nasdaq:CRUS) is down 3.6% to reach $40.47 per share. So far today, the company's volume is 1.6 million shares. The trading volume for a stock indicates the level of investor interest. Investment valuation ratios can be very useful in determining the value of a stock, but it is very important to keep in mind that while some financial ratios have general rules (or a broad application), in most instances it is a prudent practice to look at a company's historical performance and use peer company/industry comparisons to put any given company's ratio in perspective. There are generally two price/earnings ratios calculated: the first, called the trailing Price/Earnings ratio, is calculated using the previous years actual earnings; the second, called forward Price/Earnings ratio, is calculated using the next year's estimated earnings. Compared to the industry average of 14.34, CRUS' P/E ratio of 33.3 is quite high. Generally speaking, the higher the P/E ratio, the higher the market expectations for a company's future performance. To determine the P/E ratio, an investor divides the market price of the stock by the earnings-per-share (EPS) of the stock. SEE: Profit With The Power Of Price-To-Earnings
The Bottom Line The nature of the market is such that stocks will have good days and bad days. Daily stock performance should be weighed against historical performance and put in context of the market overall. Tools like valuation ratios and profit margins, however, are only as useful as the context you put them in; remember to take historical data and competitor performance into account.


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This topic is archived and can not be replied to any more.
|New Entrants Of The 1980's And 1990's posted Mon Aug 4 2003 02:21:43 by Wedgetail737
|Liveries Of The 21st Century Must See! posted Sat Oct 20 2001 12:55:00 by Braniff Place
|Top 50 Airline Liveries Of The World posted Sat Apr 14 2001 13:22:21 by Airmale
|Liveries Of The Past posted Tue Aug 22 2000 02:28:20 by Republic
|Are The Glory Days Over? posted Sun Mar 5 2006 00:45:43 by F9Animal
|Pic Of The NW DC9's Gear That Lost A Wheel At MEM posted Wed Dec 21 2005 04:06:03 by Jetjack74
|Gran Canaria FLTS... Days Of The Week posted Thu Apr 28 2005 18:09:18 by SBE727
|Is Vasp Dead? Any Memories Of Its Glory Days? posted Sat Jan 29 2005 05:12:07 by AirAmericaC46
|What Was Ansett Like Back In The Glory Days? posted Fri Aug 15 2003 08:37:57 by Positive rate
|Are The Best Of The Airline Days Behind Us? posted Fri Mar 14 2003 03:49:10 by Wannabe


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Geigerrig's Hydration Pack bladder, which comes standard in the brand's hiking and biking packs (from $90), can be pressurized with a simple pump, so you can drink without sucking. Or squirt it into your dog's mouth. Or clean out a wound. Or ... you get the picture.
Brand: Geigerrig $48


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South Carolina WIC Office
South Carolina WIC office handles the Women Infants and Children program through the Department of Health & Environmental Control. If you have questions or issues about your benefits, you can contact this South Carolina WIC location online or by phone number. The WIC program director for South Carolina is Colleen Donovan. The email address to reach the director is firstname.lastname@example.com. To view the eligibility requirements, South Carolina WIC application.
WIC Office Location
- 1751 Calhoun Street PO Box 101106
Columbia, SC 29201
WIC Office Phone Number
- The phone number to call the South Carolina WIC office is 800-922-4406 or 803-898-0743. Fax is 803-898-0383.
WIC Online
- To view the website for the South Carolina Women Infants and Children program and see if you can apply for WIC online, click here.


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NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) – A man who was sentenced to death after he was convicted of killing seven people in a series of 1997 fast-food robberies in Tennessee has died at a Nashville hospital.
The state Department of Corrections says 55-year-old Paul Dennis Reid died Friday evening at Nashville General Hospital.
Corrections department spokeswoman Dorinda Carter said the cause of death will be determined by the state medical examiner's office.
Reid was sentenced to death for the 1997 slayings of seven fast-food workers, including Angela Holmes, 21, and Michelle Mace, 16, of Clarksville.
Reid kidnapped the two from the Baskin-Robbins on Wilma Rudolph Boulevard in Clarksville. He then cut their throats, the bodies were discovered at Dunbar Cave.
Reid's other victims were killed in and around Nashville.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press


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"Loose Language in Reid's Gun Control Bill Allows the Beginnings of a National Gun Registry"
Unlike it might to, say, Joe Scarborough, this doesn't come as any great shock to me. In fact, I'd have been a little disappointed had the Democrats not tried to write a bill that, by either omission or commission, attempted opened up a path to a national registry, which in turn sets the stage for confiscation.
As Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV) must know, Americans who own firearms have a special sensitivity to a "Big Brother" federal government that wants to keep centralized records on who owns what guns and where in America. Loose language in his gun control bill (S. 649) could start America down that slippery slope.
Since the Second Amendment guarantees to the people the right to keep and bear arms, many Americans look askance at efforts to create centralized records that might some day, in some distant future neither wanted nor expected, facilitate a despotic government's efforts to disarm the populace or ensure that its supporters but not its opponents possess arms. Some Americans look at history and view that concern as far-fetched; others look at history and see careful attention to that concern as essential to maintaining freedom.
Congress has attended carefully to the concern about a federal gun registry in the past. Thus, for example, section 103(i) of Public Law 103-159 (18 U.S.C. 922 note) regarding the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) provides:
No department, agency, officer, or employee of the United States may–
(1) require that any record or portion thereof generated by the system established under this section be recorded at or transferred to a facility owned, managed, or controlled by the United States or any State or political subdivision thereof; or
(2) use the system established under this section to establish any system for the registration of firearms, firearm owners, or firearm transactions or dispositions, except with respect to persons, prohibited by section 922(g) or (n) of title 18, United States Code, or State law, from receiving a firearm.
Unfortunately, the Reid legislation deviates from this strong guarantee that protects against misuse of the NICS process to start a national firearms registry.
Title I of the Reid gun control bill purports to "fix gun checks." The proposed "fix" in section 122 of S. 649 is to take away an individual's right to sell or give away a firearm to another individual unless, in most cases, the individual uses a licensed importer, dealer, or manufacturer to make the transfer of the firearm.
In a departure from section 103(i) of Public Law 103-159, section 122(a)(4) of the Reid bill enacts a new section 922(t)(4)(B)(ii) of title 18 of the U.S. Code to direct Attorney General Eric Holder to issue regulations "requiring a record of transaction of any transfer that occurred between an unlicensed transferor and an unlicensed transferee." The legislation does not define the term "record of transaction," does not specify any limitations on who creates and who keeps the record of transaction, and does not explicitly incorporate the existing prohibition on a national firearms registry.
Thus, the loose language could be construed to allow the Department of Justice itself (or another agency specified by the Attorney General) to keep centralized records of who received what guns and where, by sale or gift from one individual to another. […]
Dealing with the new breed of national Democrat — those who have spent their lives basting in New Left dogma, and who have fallen-in lockstep behind the progressive agenda being pushed by this Administration — requires constant vigilance.
That they were discovered here watering down language to open the way for the beginnings of a national gun registry means only that, should they now be defeated in their plan by strong arguments and sunlight, they'll merely try again later, in some other way, using some other bill or some other crisis to reach their ends.
That is, if the full-frontal approach doesn't work, they'll return to the incremental approach — and with respect to their gun control aims, the contours to that approach are already quite clear: empower the AG to expand the parameters for what is included in a background check, wherein a partisan agent is given the power to determine what group or groups of people come to constitute a potential danger; cross-reference ObamaCare, with its governmental access to health and prescription records, with other databases, using medical professionals and (they hope) mental health professionals to create the conditions under which they can argue for "sensible" prohibitions on firearms ownership; use Democratic majorities in various states to drive draconian gun control measures through the state legislatures on a party-line vote, then see which of those state laws stand up to court challenges and which do not; use agencies such as the CDC to lend an air of scientific and medical emergency to the "gun violence" "epidemic" — as if gun violence is contagious in any way other than through some strained sociological metaphor — then demand action to combat the crisis or "epidemic" (regardless of what the crime statistics show).
We are living in a time when our government is looking for ways to usurp our rights, pressuring them from every angle, waiting for us to "compromise" if only to make them relent.
But we mustn't. It is painfully clear, having myself listened to the entirety of the assembly and Senate debate on the Colorado gun-control laws that this current push for gun control has nothing whatever to do with protecting innocents from violent gun offenders, and everything to do with chipping away at the rights of the law abiding in order to make them in ways both large and small more dependent on the government and its agents.
It is beyond outrageous that a state representative who can't distinguish between a magazine and the bullets that go into it is given the power to bring legislation that bans that about which she demonstrates publicly she hasn't any real knowledge.
At some point in our history, shame and ridicule would be heaped upon such a lawmaker by constituents on both sides of the political aisle.
Progressivism changed all that: the people masquerading as Democrats today are the far left radicals who a few decades ago made clear that they despised the Democrat Party, whom they considered bourgeois and soft, fighting openly against it from the left in much the same way the TEA Party today fights the GOP establishment from the conservative side. It was only after they were defeated openly that they took to overtake the Democrat Party from within.
Make no mistake: We are not fighting a party that disagrees with us on certain policy issues; we are fighting an ideology that has as its purpose the deconstruction of the Constitution, and with it, a clear path to remake society in its image through pure assertion of unchecked power, marshaling regulation, taxation, price controls, and the re-defining of core foundational ideas made permanent by activist courts as a way to fundamentally transform the US.
It is post-constitutionalism — and whether or not the babycons at the American Conservative find such a diagnosis crass and uncouth, that doesn't change the reality of the situation, which (as I've pointed out repeatedly) is being reinforced through the normalization of a broad, cynical, manufactured narrative that seeks to make those who express fidelity to the Constitution fetishists and extremists, racists and dangerous, would-be domestic terrorists whose unnuanced opinions can and should be marginalized or disregarded entirely on their face.
Sadly, simply putting "conservative" on your masthead doesn't help you sell the principles behind it. You have to believe in them. And when that belief can be bracketed out of love for a particular video game series, it wasn't all too strong to begin with, in my opinion.
Meaning, if the future of conservatism rests with snotty brats who refuse to allow error and are more concerned with appearing thoughtful to liberal academics than they are with the real existential fight we now find ourselves in — that is, ignorant pollyannas or willing right-leaning statists — then it doesn't stand a chance against the relentless rhetorical gambits of the left, who seek nothing less than control over a "reality" that they themselves get to construct through consensus, repetition, and insistence.
(h/t newrouter)
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If there's one color (and flavor) I'm craving this spring, it's mint. I'm obsessed with this soft green that I'd wear as a neutral. Pink, navy, khaki and mint – those are colors I'd love to mix!
Essie nail polish, $8
Anthropologie piecrust mug, $8
Paddywax mint mojito candle, $24
Botkier Valentina shoulder bag, $295
J. Crew Scout chinos, $79.50
Cascade 128 superwash yarn, $14.95
Bijoux by Meg earrings, $48
Topshop ballet flats, $25
J. Crew open-stitch cardigan, $98
I definitely plan on investing in some mint this spring. I wish it could be that Botkier bag, but the Scout chinos are high on my list too!
What colors are inspiring you this season?
Just in case you missed it – my second Marie Claire post was published yesterday! I've started archiving all my posts under my seen in page, in case you want to find them.
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Jefferson Bankruptcy 'Negative' for Madison, Alabama, Bond Sale
Madison, Alabama, whose population grew more than 46 percent in the past decade, faced higher borrowing costs than the national average when it became the state's first issuer to sell debt after Jefferson County's bankruptcy, the city's underwriter said.
The city of about 43,000 that's 100 miles north of Birmingham last week sold about $18 million of tax-exempt general-obligation debt to buy back bonds from 2002, according to the preliminary official statement. Standard & Poor's rated the new obligations AA, the company's third-highest level.
The debt matures from 2013 to 2032, with yields from 1 percent to 4.35 percent, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Similarly rated bonds across the country yielded from 0.71 percent to 4.15 percent, Bloomberg data show. Yields go up as prices go down.
"There's no question that the Jefferson County situation has been a negative," said Joe Jolly, president and owner of Birmingham-based Joe Jolly & Co., Madison's underwriter on the negotiated deal. "It's unfortunate. The Jefferson County sewer-system situation is an aberration."
Jefferson County owes $3.14 billion connected to a botched sewer renovation and $1 billion of general-obligation and school debt. It filed for bankruptcy Nov. 9 when the county, a receiver overseeing the sewer system, bondholders and lawmakers failed to implement a tentative deal that would have cut the amount owed and increased sewer rates.
Meanwhile, in Madison
Madison has a population of about 43,000, a 46 percent increase from 29,000 residents in 2000, Census Bureau data show. Alabama's population grew by 7.5 percent over the same period.
Madison, a Huntsville suburb, delayed its sale after planning to offer its debt in October, Jolly said. Issuers in the state sold $1.8 billion in municipal debt this year, Bloomberg data show. That compares with almost $3 billion in the same period last year.
Some investors won't purchase bonds from Alabama issuers because of what happened in Jefferson County, said Jolly, who has been in the business 50 years.
Municipalities within Jefferson County are worthy credits, said Jolly, whose company almost exclusively deals with Alabama issuers. His office is two blocks from the county courthouse in Birmingham.
"We'll get along fine, but it has had a negative impact on the entire Alabama bond market," he said.
York Health Care Authority in Sumter County plans to issue about $2 million of bonds this week, becoming the second issuer in the state since the bankruptcy filing, Bloomberg data show.


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May 30, 2016
Foul play is not suspected in a weekend drowning in West Alabama.
The mishap occurred Sunday around 2 a.m. in the Edna community of Choctaw County.
Coroner Rocky Bumpers said Jesnah Looney, 54, of Eutaw, had been fishing alone in a small canoe when it accidentally overturned.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
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Margaret LeMone | 17 May 2010 • On May 14, we took look lots of extra clothes to the Colorado Rockies baseball game: the temperature was in the upper 50s Fahrenheit in downtown Denver, and it was supposed to dip to below 50 overnight. We were going to be ready.
When we heard the forecast, we didn't think about what this would do to insects: we don't normally associate Coors Field with a lot of bugs. But, on this particular night we had a lesson on how the temperature affects insects, and thus the behavior of insect-catching birds—in this case, a pair of western kingbirds.
A few years ago, I wrote a blog post (http://classic.globe.gov/fsl/scientistsblog/2007/10, Oct 5th) on estimating the temperature from counting cricket chirps. After gathering data during the night for several months, I confirmed the widely circulated linear relationship between cricket chirps and temperature. While gathering the data, I noticed that the crickets stopped chirping below around 50°F (10°C). This is also the temperature below which radar meteorologists no longer see insect echoes. In both cases, insect activity seems to slow down to almost nothing at that temperature.
What does a baseball game have to do with kingbirds and temperatures?
As we were settling into our seats, we noticed a bird perched on the wire just above our seats in Section 134 of Coors Field. It was so close—within 30 feet (9 meters) of our seats, but neither my husband nor I could identify the bird in the late-afternoon shadows, even after getting up to look closer. It wasn't a pigeon or a house sparrow, two birds you might expect to appear in an urban setting with a lot of people. After we sat down and wrote down the description of the bird, the man next to me said, "That's a western kingbird. Notice that it is behaving like a flycatcher."
As we watched, the bird would fly a short distance, grab something in mid-air, and then return to the wire in a slightly different place. That was the right behavior for a kingbird. But in the fading sunlight, its yellow breast looked gray. As we watched, and the Coors field lights grew brighter, we could see the yellow breast more clearly.
We watched the bird as it caught a bug, then landed farther down the wire above us, caught another bug, and then landed on another wire, working its way down toward outer left field to our left. Then we discovered a second western kingbird to our right. The two birds caught flies in different parts of the stadium—sometimes at the opposite ends, seemingly oblivious to each other's presence.
Then, something curious happened. The two birds converged on the opposite (southwest-facing) side of the field from us, where they hunted for a few more minutes together, before going up to catch insects near the lights. They did this for about a half hour, and then, quite abruptly, flew together southwestward over left field and out of the stadium. By this time, many of the people in our section, including a couple in the row in front of us who had binoculars, were watching the birds' antics as well as the game.
Why the two kingbirds found Coors Field a good place to hunt for food, I don't know. The 35,000 fans, cheers, and flying baseballs did not seem to disturb the birds. But I do think that their hunting methods were related to the temperature. When the temperature in the stadium was still in the 50s, the birds could hunt for insects from the wires above us in the shady part of the field. But once the temperature got cool enough, the insects were no longer active on our side of the field. Going to the opposite side of the field, where the fading sunlight could have made the temperature a little warmer, bought a little bit more time for hunting insects, until the temperature dropped there, too. Finally, that part of the field got too cool also, so the only warm place left was near the lights.
The lights are not only warm, but they attract insects. Apparently the kingbirds figured that out, and so they stayed to get a little more food.
I'm not sure why the birds left when they did. Perhaps it was because the temperature cooled enough so that the catchable insects were too close to the lights, or they wanted to go home, or they just had eaten their fill.
It's apparent that the kingbirds like Coors Field. We watched the game today on television and could see at least one bird (presumably the kingbird) catching insects above the field. Obviously this pair has found a good thing—worth the bother of all those noisy people!
*Media & nonprofit use of images: Except where otherwise indicated, media and nonprofit use permitted with credit as indicated above and compliance with UCAR's terms of use. Find more images in the NCAR|UCAR Multimedia & Image Gallery.
The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research manages the National Center for Atmospheric Research under sponsorship by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.


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Columbus Police were searching for a man suspected of robbing a west Columbus restaurant.
Police said the robbery happened at a Tim Hortons in the 600 block of Harrisburg Pike around 7:45 Saturday evening.
Witnesses told police the suspect was wearing a pink mask, pink gloves and a dark coat with a red hoodie.
Officers have not yet released a picture of the suspect and have not reported what was taken.
Watch 10TV and refresh 10TV.com for continuing coverage.


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By: Will Peters
Number of Reviews: 1380
Average Score: 65
Daddy Strokes
We no longer link to this site.
We no longer link to this site.
Daddy Strokes has mature gays in solo and hardcore scenes. These are real guys in their 40s, 50s and 60s (and even in their 70s in a couple of cases), although no one's age is actually given. Some are lean, some are chubby and, of course, a few are somewhere in between.
Still, unlike some mature gay porn, you're not going to see a lot of gym rats who are desperately fighting the signs of aging. These guys are embracing their maturity and that's what makes them so damn sexy.
DaddyStrokes has 132 videos right now and it looks like the site might only be adding new ones two or three times a month. And there's another problem - the inability to download the movies. Actually, the issue is two-fold, because I find that they often look average when streamed.
Still, they're looking better than they previously did and many of them maintain a similar appearance when expanded to full screen. You can also look through 92 photo sets with three pictures each through the "hot daddies" index, although these you can check out even before joining.
You'll see older guys jerking themselves off and some like to play with toys. However, my favorite scenes show older men with younger hunks. Who knows better how to treat a young, in-shape hottie (like Chris) than a furry daddy like Big John? He really pulls out all the stops as he rims Chris's taut bubble butt and strokes his mushroom-headed dick.
I also liked one of the interracial matchups with a beefy dude with glasses named David and his youthful, muscular black admirer. There's nothing as satisfying as seeing David lick that ebony stud's cum from his milk-chocolate abs. Okay, it might be slightly more satisfying than having the chance to eat that cream myself, but I can live vicariously through David's tongue. The other black-on-white shoot has a heavyset guy with a much older man - there's lots of wrinkle worshipping, but no money shot.
There is a bonus section, but it only contains trailers for DVDs that you can buy with similarly aged participants and the guys who love them. Some of these movies have anal penetration, not just oral, which almost all the scenes here are limited to. Overall, I'd be more stoked to join Daddy Strokes if the videos were downloadable, but the streams have improved some.
* Please include a pro and a con about the site. Balance is essential in making a comment worthwhile. Scores without comments will be deleted.
* Watch out for ratings of zero and 100. In our opinion, there is no such thing as a site that is absolutely perfect or completely worthless.


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Taylor's Master Guide to Landscaping: Everything A Homeowner Needs To Know About Designing, Maintaining, and Renovating a Home Landscape,
edited by Rita Buchanan;
Houghton Mifflin;
hardcover; 354 pages;
list price $60.00
Most gardeners own at least one well-thumbed Taylor's plant guide, and will appreciate the broad and useful survey of garden-making techniques in Taylor's Master Guide to Landscaping. Realizing how much diverse information is needed in landscaping projects, Rita Buchanan has provided a comprehensive guide to assessment, design and construction procedures, along with much consideration of plant material. An impressive amount of information is delivered in plain language and supported with instructional photography, and the emphasis is on thorough planning. Several plant lists are provided for special situations, such as shrubs for narrow spots and plants to trail over the edges of paths and patios, along with features on propagating groundcovers and mounding techniques for planting under trees. The book is well-written'I found a long essay on aggregate path paving made compulsive reading. This is one landscaping book you can't do without.
--Judith Adam
Read more in Garden Gear and Gardening Books


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"Knowledge will forever govern ignorance; and a people who mean to be their own governors must arm themselves with the power which knowledge gives."
James Madison was born March 16, 1751 in Port Conway, Virginia. He was the oldest of ten children born to a distinguished planter family. Madison's formal education began at the age of 11 when he attended a boarding school taught by Donald Robertson. This Scott introduced young James Madison to the Scottish Enlightenment, of which he became a life-long student. From 16 to 18, Madison was tutored by another Scot, the Reverend William Martin who happened to have graduated from The College of New Jersey (est. 1746; 1896 name changed to Princeton) and in 1769, Madison was accepted as a Sophomore and graduated in 1771. He remained at the college for a graduate year under the Reverend John Witherspoon (signer of the Declaration of Independence).
In 1772, while reading for the law at Montpelier, he began his life-long support to the cause of religious freedom. In 1774 he was appointed to the Orange Safety Committee and passionately entered into the Independence movement. While Madison was a colonel in the Orange militia in 1775, his health precluded any service in the field. He was elected to be a delegate to the Virginia Constitutional Convention in 1776, serving also in the General Assembly, and met Thomas Jefferson; beginning their 50 year friendship and brilliant political partnership. Madison framed the Virginia Constitution in the House of Delegates and later served as Council of State (1778-1780).
In 1780 Madison became the youngest delegate to the Continental Congress. An early advocate of a strong central government, Madison attended both the Mount Vernon Conference and the Annapolis Convention. He earned the title "Father of the Constitution" from his preparations, research and writings prior to the 1787 Philadelphia Convention while in his Montpelier library; his efforts to drive the Constitution through (speaking over 200 times, never missed a session, negotiated and compromised) and his dedicated efforts toward the ratification of the Constitution. Madison, along with John Jay and Alexander Hamilton, authored the Federalist Papers, essays supporting ratification. In 1788, he campaigned tirelessly for the Constitution's ratification in Virginia. He faced stiff opposition in his home state but finally gained support with the promise of a Bill of Rights; the first Ten Amendments to the Constitution.
In the spring of 1794 Madison was at the pinnacle of the political world when introduced to his future wife, a Quaker widow and mother, Dolley Payne Todd. After a brief courtship they were marred on September 15, 1794. While they had no children during their 41 years of marriage, Dolley's surviving son (Payne) from her first marriage to Quaker attorney John Todd was raised as Madison's son.
After a period of semi-retirement (1797-1800) James Madison became President Jefferson's Secretary of State for two terms (1801-1809). He was involved in many events fleshing out the Constitution and it's actual implementation as well as westward expansion through the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
He served as the fourth president of the United States for two terms, 1809-1817. The War of 1812 proved that the country could be at war and citizens could still retain their rights as guaranteed under the Constitution. During the war, it was the British bombardment of Fort McHenry in Baltimore that inspired Francis Scott Key's writing the words to The Star Spangled Banner after the August 24, 1814 burning of Washington City's governmental buildings and the presidential mansion (The White House).
James and Dolley Madison retired to his beloved Montpelier in 1817 where he remained interested and active in the political world. He served on the Board of Visitors at the University of Virginia and became Rector upon Jefferson's death, received countless visitors, including the "Nation's Guest" the Marquis de Lafayette, founded the American Colonization Society (a group dedicated to the freedom and transportation of slaves back to Africa) and even attended the 1829 Virginia Constitutional Convention.
James Madison died at Montpelier the morning of June 28, 1836 at the age of 85.
In 1789, Madison won a seat in the first House of Representatives, where he served until 1797. By this time he was a committed leader of the Democratic-Republicans, and he became Secretary of State in 1801 when his friend and co-founder of that party, Thomas Jefferson, became president. Madison succeeded Jefferson in 1809, and it was during his administration that the long-standing tensions between Britain and the United States finally erupted into the War of 1812. The British burned Washington to the ground 1814, though later that year, the signing of the Treaty of Ghent ended the war and returned Anglo-American relations to status quo ante bellum (the state of things before the war).
After his second term as president, Madison retired to his plantation, Montpelier, where he edited the journal he kept during the Constitutional Convention. He wrote newspaper articles supporting fellow Democratic-Republican (and fellow Virginian) President James Monroe. Madison acted as Monroe's informal adviser on foreign policy. In his last years, Madison became actively involved in the American Colonization Society, an organization that encouraged the emancipation of slaves and their resettlement in Africa.
"Each generation should be made to bear the burden of its own wars, instead of carrying them on, at the expense of other generations."