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Sincere Thanks to: 1. The Editor-in-Chief of sundarasimham-ahObilavalli e-books series, "SrI nrusimha sEva rasikan", Oppiliappan kOil Sri.V.SaThakOpan svAmi for editing and hosting this title under his e-books series. 2. Smt.Krushnapriya for the excellent compilation of the source document 3. Nedumtheru Sri.Mukund Srinivasan for the Cover Image 4. Smt and Sri.Murali Desikachari for assembling the e-book.
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Srimate SrivanSatakopa Sri Vedanta Desika Yatindra Mahadesikaya nama:
Writing an article, as far as I am concerned, is a collective family endeavor. When I chose a subject, the entire family pitches in with hints, ideas and what not. While my wife gives me possible tips from Desika Stotrams, my son and daughter, who are voracious readers (alas! Only of comics and pulp fiction, apart from an occasional classic or religious work, when the mood strikes them) contribute matters from the loukika angle. My mother serves as a reference point in case of doubts in certain areas. Even friends and relatives occasionally phone in with tips. You would by now have realized that I merely assemble the various items of information given to me, with plausible connecting matter, making the whole into a passably readable composition, which may not attract a shower of bouquets, but would hopefully not result in brickbats. When I began the current article, true to form, all my family members and a friend enthusiastically threw in clues and tips, which resulted in no less than 45 possible items for inclusion, even without my looking up my usual manuals of reference. And the result is the jumbo-sized article that follows. The point of my sharing with you this rather confidential piece of information (about the process of composition of my articles) is to let you know that in case you intend blaming me for any of its shortcomings, you should apportion it fairly among my family members and not lay the entire thing at my doorstep. Coming to brass tacks, of the several numbers I have dealt with so far, 1
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Divya Prabandam or works of Poorvacharyas.Number Five accounts for the greatest number of mentions in the Scripture. Its significance spans the entire gamut of spiritual literature.org 2 . with hardly any work which doesn't include a reference to this intriguing integer. 5 occupies a pride of place. Whether it is the Shruti. sadagopan. Itihaasaas. What follows is just a sample of such abundance. Puraanas. with quintets abounding in all these works.
who is responsible for bringing forth the five elements. Earth.org sadagopan. It is the Paramatma Himself.PART 1 THE FIVE ELEMENTS The moment we think of Five. Earth is the most complete. Fire. were these five elements brought into existence simultaneously. Out of Fire came Water and from Water emerged Earth. it is also divided into Pancha Praanaas: sadagopan. or did one owe its origin to another? The Upanishad answers this question by telling us that it was the Atmosphere or Aakaasam which the Paramaatma created first from Himself-"Aatmana: Aakaasa: sambhoota:". what strikes us is the Five Elements-Pancha bhootam-of which the entire mundane structure is composed. Air 3. Air. Water 5. This is the order in which creation was effected. However.. Fire 4. These are 1. "Sabda: sparsascha roopamcha rasaschaapi Dvijottama! Ete gunaa: pancha Bhoome: sarvebhyo gunavattaraa" From Atmosphere emerged Air and from air. touch. for it has five characteristics (sound. while considering this. form. etc. Of these five elements. we should not construe that only Atmosphere was created by Emperuman and the rest of the elements were the originating point for one another. smell and taste)If we take the life breath. taking on the forms of air. fire. Aakaasam or Atmosphere 2. At the time of Creation. with Air independently creating Fire and so on.org 3 .
Eyes 2. THE FIVE ORGANS OF KNOWLEDGE (GNAANENDRIYAS) 1.these again fall into two groupings of five each. Tongue and 4 . Samaanan 5. THE FIVE FACULTIES sadagopan. Udaanan You would find these names in the Parishechana mantras. through which all food that we consume is first offered to these five types of life breath residing in our body. Vyaanan 4. Apaanan 3.org The second grouping of Five that occurs to us is the Five Faculties or sensory organs.1. Hands 2. Nose 4. Praanan 2. The five Organs of Action or Karmendriyaas are 1. Legs 3. Ears 3. Speech 4 and 5 the two excretory organs.
org It is these sensory organs which are responsible for most of our troubles. they are again five) sadagopan. one who succeeds is eulogized by the entire world as a "Jitendriya:" FIVE GREAT SACRIFICES All of us perform any number of duties every day..5. irrespective of where the charioteer wants to go. untamed and untamable horses. The pack of sensory organs is extremely powerful ("Balavaan indriya graama:") and is uncontrollable. occupation and stage in life. Smell 4. personal ones occupy the next place in our scheme of things. Touch. performance of which is obligatory and 5 ."Avi tigaikka iyvar. the Scripture prescribes five duties for us. These sensory organs are compared to five wayward. Hearing 3. Sri Nammazhwar likens the senses to five wicked and cruel men. And at times. viz. these senses overwhelm even the wisest of men ("Vidvaamsam api karshati"). Skin The five Indriyaas. depending upon our age. as they are called. Speech and 5. Sight 2. who constantly torture the Jeevatma. are responsible for five faculties. However. except for the sage. While official duties are treated as paramount.org sadagopan.paaviyeni nee kaatti paduppaayo!" While it is indeed extremely difficult to gain control over these indriyaas. which drag the chariot in a direction of their own choice. 1. leading us astray even when we ourselves want to tread the path of virtue. (And if we take the fingers on our hands and feet.
One is supposed to recite at least one "Prasnam" or chapter from the portions already learnt from the Guru. helps us retain in memory through repetition. but also. as to what these five yagyaas are about. 1. 3. These are known as the Pancha Mahaa Yagyaas-the five great sacrifices. since it is meant for ants and similar creatures to feed on the rice flour used for the purpose. 2. the Veda bhaagam we have learnt by rote. We find explanations too in the same Upanishad. comes under this head-"Yat braahmanebhyo annam dadaati tat manushya yagya: santistthate" 5. This not only bestows on us the incalculable "punyam" that accrues out of Veda paaraayanam.org keeps the celestials satisfied. and timely and consistent performance of yaagas sadagopan. Even today. The Taaittireeya Aaranyakam glorifies these Yagyas thus"Pancha vaa ete mahaa yagyaa: satati prataayante. incidentally.failure in which would result in accrual of sin. many families have the habit of feeding the crow prior to partaking breakfast. 6 . Even the drawing of "Kolam" at the doorstep of the house would constitute this Bhoota Yagyam. satati santishttante. Deva Yagya: Pitru Yagya: Bhoota Yagya: Manushya Yagya: Brahma Yagya iti". Pitru Yagyam: Propitiating the forefathers with the offer of "Swadhaa" constitutes Pitru Yagyam. The Havis or sacrificial offering in the various yagyaas forms the staple diet of the Devas. Bhoota Yagyam refers to feeding of lowly creatures. Brahma Yagyam: Daily recitation of the portions of Vedas that one has learnt-termed as "Svaadhyaayam"-constitutes Brahma Yagyam. Deva Yagya: Performance of various sacrifices comes under this head. Manushya Yagyam: Feeding of guests-"atithis"-especially learned Brahmins. which depend on us for their life and sustenance. 4.
which considers not only Mahabharatam.org . Sri Sooktam.org sadagopan. categorical definition of who is the Paramatma.In practice. I am not talking through my hat. while Brahma Yagyam remains what is described above. 7 sadagopan. The Pancha Sooktas referred to here are the Purusha Sooktam with the Narayana Anuvaakam. along with Rg. Mahabharata is considered no less than Vedas and is counted on par with them. human beings and to crows and dogs. clear enunciation of the path of Dharmam. learn by rote at least the Pancha Sooktam and Pancha Shaanti mantras. for. one should. the answer that would be eligible for full marks is "Five". iyvagai velvi". as a basic minimum requirement. Mahabharatam too is considered the Fifth Vedam-"Bhaarata: panchamo Veda:". etc.. vast coverage of men and matters. Vaidikas observe the other four of these Maha Yagyaas as a continuation of Vaisvadevam. how many are the Vedas? While "Four" would be the normal answer and while "Three" too might be acceptable as an answer (as Atharva Veda is often considered to be but an adjunct of the other three Vedas). Pitru Devatas. FIVE VEDAS Speaking of reciting Vedas. Yajur. offering portions of cooked rice to Devas. but the entire body of Itihaasaas and Puraanas to constitute the fifth Vedam"Rg Yaju: Saama Atharvaakhyaa Vedaa: chatvaara uddhritaa: Itihaasa Puraanam cha panchamo Veda uchyate" And even if one is unable to learn all the 82 Prasnas or chapters in the Yajur Vedam. with the respective mantras meant therefore That these five great sacrifices were very much in vogue and practice is known from Tirumangai Mannan's words in Tiruvezhukoottrirukkai---"Mutthee. Bhoo and Neela Sooktam. No. naanmarai. Saama and Atharva Vedas. Vishnu Sooktam. There is another version put forth by the Bhaagavata Purana. Due to its profound contents.
The Paramaatma is to be found in Five Forms: 8 .. viz. exhibited in various forms. five times."Vrishneenaam Vaasudevosmi Paandavaanaam Dhananjaya:" sadagopan. who do you think was the dearest to Sri Krishna's heart? One would normally think that Dharmaputra. which can be gauged by His remarks to Duryodhana-"Mama praanaa hi Paandavaa:". Dharmaputra. overwhelmed by the deity's manifestation. by virtue of his seniority and other qualifications. that paragon of virtue and personification of righteousness would rank for the position of pride. However. THE FIVE FORMS OF PARAMAATMA Coming to the Lord Himself.org This was because of Arjuna's boundless devotion for the Lord. Bheema. Of these five princes. Droupati. uttered the prayer for a good husband. it is in favour of Arjuna that Krishna casts His vote. And the only woman whom we know with five husbands. Shankara blessed her with five husbands!"Pancha kritva: tvayaa ukta: patim deheeti aham puna: Deham anyam gataayaaste yathoktam tat bhavishyati" To the Pancha Paandavas were born five children from Droupati. How did she end up with this rather dubious distinction? It is said that while performing penance addressed to Shankara. Nakula and Sahadeva. Arjuna. Treating the same as five individual requests. is Droupati. we find that He has an inalienable association with Number Five.PANCHA PAANDAVAAS The mention of Mahabharatam prompts a thought of another group of five-of five princely sons of Emperor Paandu-the Pancha Paandavas. Krishna considered the Pandavas extremely close.
Vibhavam: Since only those who have attained liberation can feast their eyes on the aforesaid forms of the Lord. And while Vibhava avataaras like those of Rama and Krishna benefited only their contemporaries. (including the famous Dasaavataaras) though Aagamaas mention many more. shrinking His majestic form to the proportion of just a thumb. out of His infinite mercy. for carrying out the various functions of creation. are principally 32 in number. 4. It is indeed a true measure of His love for us that He chooses to dwell in us. Sankarshana. majesty and magnificence. regaling all the celestials with His incomparable beauty. known as Avataaras.org sadagopan. It is this Inner Dweller who has the Jeevatma and our material body as His shareeram. Antaryaami: The Lord resides in all of us.1. Param: This is the Lord's primordial form. while the Vyooha Moorties too are visible only to sages. in this body composed of blood. These four forms are respectively known as Vaasudeva. marveling at the Lord's extreme soulabhyam in leaving His splendorous residence at Sri Vaikunttam for residing in our despicable body. He doesn't lose any of His spelendour or magnificence due to this diminutive form He assumes for residing within us. These visits of the Lord. flesh and refuse"Oona kurambai idanul pukku" remarks Azhwar.org 9 . to suit the cramped confines of our hearts. 5. preservation and destruction. Pradyumna and Aniruddha. destroying the wicked and for reestablishing Dharma on its foundations. sinning mortals to do? Can we not see God at all sadagopan. 2. Vyooham: The Lord divides Himself into four entities. 3. Arccha: The Para Vaasudeva is capable of being seen only by the permanent residents of Paradise. the Antaryaami is visible only to Yogis. protection. with which He shines at Sri Vaikunttam. He descends often to this mundane world of ours for the purpose of protecting the good and innocent. Then what are we ordinary.
Dwaraka was the capital city of Sri Krishna. Bronze. devoid of all the base qualities of matter and full of all the auspicious attributes unique to the Lord. These are Gold. that the Lord assumes various forms at innumerable abodes on this earth. cumulatively known as "Iympon". A word of caution here-Swami Desikan tells us never to think of the Lord's images as being made of mere metal-they are verily forms of the Lord which He acquires out of love and affection for His children. enabling men. women and children to feast their eyes on His glorious form with very little effort.while on this earth? It is to cater to beings like us who were unfortunate enough not to have been born during the times of Rama and Krishna. the images of the Lord at various Sannidhis are made out of five metals generally. However. sadagopan. standing or lying down as His devotees wish Him to. once Praana Prathisttaa is performed. we find that He is again fond of five. but also the Taittireeyopanishad speaks about this five-fold form of the Lord-"Sa vaa esha Purusha: panchadhaa panchaatmaa". built by Him as a labour of love. Bhet Dwara (which is an island). Copper and Brass. Moola Dwara and 5. there are no less than five Dwarakas: 1. Dakore Dwara. Silver. but they transcend all the mundane properties of such elements and acquire sanctity. Gangrouli Dwara. 2. 10 . "How is it that You made Yourself the subject matter of weak and devotion-less eyes of mortals like me?" wonders Sri Koorattaazhwan-"nanu lochana gocharo bhoo:" Not only the Paancharaatra Aagamaas. The boundlessly beautiful Utsava Moorties of Emeperumans at various temples may be made of metal. 4. If we take the Lord's abodes. sitting. 3.org If we take the Arcchaavataaram. Natha Dwara.
Kapisthalam.Among the divya desams or temples sanctified by songs by Azhwars located in the South India. Tirukkanna Mangai. Tirukkannapuram and 5.. sadagopan. 3.org 11 . Tirukkoilur. 4.org sadagopan. there is another quintet known as the Pancha Krishna Kshetrams: 1. 2. Tirukkannankudi.
the number of weapons the Lord holds in His beautiful hands is again five.org A question arises here—whenever and wherever we see Him. but also as adornments. The Panchaayudhaas. be always seen in the company of His arms. the Lord makes suitable adjustments for holding these five weapons. the Lord is unable to tolerate even a second's delay in rushing to their rescue. so much so that they appear inseparable from Him? We find the answer to this intriguing question in the following couplet of Poorvacharyas— "Paatu pranata rakshaayaam vilambam asahan iva sadaa Panchaayudhee bibhrat sa na: Sri Ranganaayaka:" Protection of devotees being His avowed objective. Further. the number of armaments the Lord sports is innumerable. the very sight of an Emperuman who is always fully armed provides a great feeling of assurance to devotees that in case of distress. divine assistance would not be delayed even 12 .PART 2 PANCHAAYUDHAM Further asserting His penchant for five. the Lord always appears holding these weapons. sadagopan. who is a peaceable person. And though His hands are normally four. Though five principal weapons are often mentioned. apparently not putting them down even for a minute. lest it result in that much delay in mounting the rescue mission. Even seasoned warriors carry arms only when they go to war or apprehend some danger. as laid down by Sri Ramanuja in the Saranagati Gadyam—"Shankha Chakra Gadaa Asi Saarngaadi asankheya kalyaana divya aayudha!". Like the fire service men who are always fully geared up to respond to calls for assistance. No one normally sports a gun night and day—not even the most hardened of terrorists. why should the Lord. This being so. serve not only as weapons. as they are known. the Lord too does not want to lay down His arms even for a second.
so is the number of hoods and mouths of the strange snake that He lies on and which serves Him in 13 . Sword and Bow in destroying enemies—but how could the Shankham be of any assistance in this regard? Can a mere conch have the power to confound enemies? The Bhagavat Gita tells us that the Cosmic Conch Paanchajanyam is no less deadly when dealing with the Lord's opponents. FIVE ACTS TO BE DEDICATED It is again in the Bhagavat Gita that the Lord tells us to dedicate to Him the following five acts of ours: 1. THE FIVE-HOODED SNAKE FIVEIf the number of weapons that the Lord holds is five. 5.org "Yat karoshi yat asnaasi yat juhoshi dadaasi yat Yat tapasyasi Kounteya! Tat kuru madarpanam" Such dedication of action to the Lord is stipulated so that we do not develop attachment in the fruits for which these are performed. We are able to understand the role of the Chakram. homas.org sadagopan. The blowing of the conch results in the emission of a stentorian sound which fills the enemies' hearts with fear and makes them drop down meekly. in whatever field and for whatever purpose All that we eat and drink All acts of worship—pooja. yagyas and the like All acts of charity and All acts of penance and meditation sadagopan. Gada. with nary a shot fired—"Sa ghosho Dhaartaraashtraanaam hridayaani vyadaarayat". 2. 3. 4. All our actions.for a second.
(In the aforesaid texts. he appears to sport just five on normal occasions. says Sri Valmiki too— "Sva tejo visha sanghaata: panchaasya iva pannaga:" THE FIVE GLORIOUS GATES According to the Cchandogyopanishad. Who says that Adisesha has only five heads and hoods? Is he not reputed to sport a thousand ("ina tutti ani phanam aayirangal aarnda aravarasa perum sodi Anantan")? Well. resembled a five-headed serpent. 14 . though Sesha does have a thousand heads. when He lies down in Yoga nidraa. spotless and supple bed.org Mythily.various forms as an umbrella when He travels. enraged due to the inaction of Sugreeva in searching for Sri sadagopan. the words Svargam and Moksham have been used interchangeably. the fourth by the Mind and the last by Charanam. a magnificent throne when He sits. the guards at these doors differ from those stated in the Upanishad—Kaatakam tells us symbolically that the first door is guarded by Penance (Tapas). there are five gates to the Lord's abode and each of these gates is guarded by a Brahmapurusha of considerable accomplishment— 'Te vaa ete pancha Bramapurushaa: svargasya dvaarapaa:' The Kaataka Prasnam too confirms that Svarga lokam has five entry points— 'Taa vaa etaa: pancha svargasya lokasya dvaara:'. according to commentators). a boat transporting Him amidst seas. the second by Shraddha. as can be inferred from Sri Nammazhwar's quip—"Iyvaai aravanai mel Aazhi Perumaanaar" and that of Sri Tirumangai Mannan—"Mukkan naal tol iy vaai aravodu" Lakshmana. the third by Satyam. a fabulous footwear protecting the divine feet when the Lord walks. However. a glowing torch lighting up His way always and as a soft.
who imparted to them the divine wisdom of Paancharaatra in five nights. 15 . PANCHA KAALA PRAKRIYAA Incidentally. 2. collectively known as the Pancha Kaala Prakriyaa.org sadagopan. one of the two Vaishnava Agamas. offer the Lord flowers and fruits. it is known as Paancharaatram. like Tulasi. The Paancharaatra system provides a philosophical basis for the five forms of the Lord. are: a) Abhigamanam: After finishing the morning duties. rituals. who were the incarnations of the five weapons of the Lord. Kausika and Bharadvaaja—. etc. sadagopan. flowers. Maunjyaayana. darbham. b) Upaadaanam: This refers to the collection of materials required for the Lord's worship. etc. samit. viz. provisions required for the Lord's breakfast. Paancharaatram is called so because it was imparted by the Lord to five deities over a period of five nights. Vibhavam.. And what is the association of these manuals of worship with the Number 5? Explanations abound and the following are some of them: 1. propitiated the Lord. Vyooham. recite the Sriranga Gadyam and perform Saranagati at His lotus feet with the Dvaya Mantram.PAANCHARAATRAM And we have the Paancharaatram. the five duties enjoined on us during various parts of the day. Antaryaami and Arccha. Five sages—Saandilya. for the unhindered performance of the day's service to the Lord. we should go to the Perumal Sannidhi at home. dealing with temple architecture. Aupagaayana.org 3. Param. 4. worship. As it deals with the Pancha kaala prakriyaa or the functional division of the day into five parts and what is to be done in each of them.
In such a case. Next in the order of acceptability are those we buy from the vendors or market. 16 . till the evening is the time for attending to domestic duties. Sometimes others bring us flowers. Not everyone is blessed with the conveniences required for the above method. the flowers. we should slowly drift off to sleep. all of which enable us to focus our thoughts on the extremely beautiful form and features of the Lord. 4. Tiruvaaraadhanam. in this regard. d) Swaadhyaayam: After partaking of Bhagavat prasaadam. each one of them successively less desirable than the following one— 1. We may remember the kainkaryams of Sri Periyaazhwar. Bhagavat Dhyaana Sopaanam. After that. We talked about collection of flowers. fruits. engage in paaraayanam of Srimad Ramayanam and other scriptures. 2.org should be grown by us in our own garden.. Sri Tondaradippodi Azhwar. etc. public places or forests where they have grown by themselves. et al. etc. Ideally. Alankaaraasanam. 3. e) Yogam: This is the time for sleep. we should mentally recite the Vaikuntta Gadyam. etc. for the Lord's worship. Since there is no guarantee of purity in respect of bought items. we should perform japam of mantras like the Dvaadasaaksharam. Tulasi. However. Bhojyaasanam. with our own effort. There are again five ways of gathering these.c) Ijyaa: This is the time for the elaborate worship of Emperuman through with Mantraasanam. we can gather these from gardens. from their gardens. before the goddess of sleep embraces us. Snaanaasanam. with thoughts of His auspicious attributes regaling our intellect. With His magnificent form etched in our mind. fruits and Tulasi leaves used for Tiruvaaraadhanam sadagopan. Punar Mantraasanam and Paryankaasanam. offering these to the Lord ranks rather low on the list.
they can never equal those grown by us. but only to point out the desirability of using flowers grown through our own effort. Every Sri Vaishnava is supposed.org sadagopan. 5. 5. (in Tiruvaaraadhanam) which are bought. Praata: kaalam Sangava Kaalam Madhyaahnam Aparaahnam and Saayamkaalam sadagopan. The last on the list is items which we seek and obtain from others. 4. which is found in the Dharma Shaastras— 1. Here is a slokam from Tulasi Maahaatmyam. Shastras tell us that the fruits of worship with items obtained from others would really reach only the latter. These are to be used only if nothing else is available. we find that the means to attain Him are also based on this magic numeral 5. upon Upanayanam. which lays down the order of acceptability of flowers and fruits— "Sva prayatna kreetam shastam.org PANCHA SAMSKAARAM If the Lord has such great affinity for five. 2.Though these can be used for worship. which are that much dearer to the Lord's heart. there is one more chronological division. to pay obeisance to an 17 . etc. 3. If what is described above represents the functional division of the day into five parts. madhyamam vanyam uchyate Adhamam tu kraya kreetam yaachitam tu adhamaadhamam" This is not to dishearten those using flowers.
Yagyam: The Acharya then instructs the sishya in the worship of Sriman Narayana. we find.Acharya and undergo the following five processes. Hence. 4. These five processes represent a giant leap in the life of a Srivaishnava. purifying him physically and cleansing him of sin. 5. Mantropadesam: The three esoteric formulations (or the Rahasya Trayam) sadagopan. through the process known as "Tiru Aaraadhanam". becoming an adherent of the great and glorious tradition that has Sri Ramanuja as its fountainhead. to 18 . he becomes thereafter a "Raamanuja Daasa". Those who do not undergo this process can not attain the Lord. are imparted to the ardent disciple at this juncture. 3. 1. the Acharya adorns the body at twelve places with oordhva pundram (Tiruman and sishya's Sreechoornam). Pundram: With the twelve names of Emperuman.org viz. which are cumulatively known as Pancha Samskaaram. says the Taittireeya Aaranyakam—"Atapta tanoo: na tadaamo asnute". transforming him from a mere nobody into a blessed Bhaagavata. the Pancha Samskaaras --represent the first significant steps the aspiring entrant to Sri Vaikunttam should take. his life thenceforth dedicated to the ceaseless service of the Lord and His devotees. Naamakaranam: Whatever name the disciple was known by till this ritual. 2. proudly carrying the appellation of a sworn servant of Ramanuja and of his followers. representing the greatest treasure that can ever be acquired by anyone. Dvayam and Charamaslokam. for ascending to the pinnacle of Paradise. And when we think of ritualistic worship of the Lord in the form of Tiruvaaraadhanam (forming the fifth item of Pancha Samskaaram). Ashtaaksharam. Taapam: The Acharya imprints on the shoulders of the sishya the signs of the divine discus and the cosmic conch..
sadagopan. Paadyam. that five vessels are used in the same. Snaaneeyam/Paaneeyam and Sarvaarttha Toyam.org 19 .org sadagopan. popularly known as Pancha Paatram—meant for offering the Lord Arghyam. Aachamaneeyam.our total lack of surprise.
is about these five fundamentals. the Itihaasas or the Puranas.first on Food. then on the Mind. 3. THE FIVE FUNDAMENTALS Another quintet. 5.PART 3 PANCHA KOSAM The body is divided into five modes or Kosams. The nature and attributes of the Lord: When we seek to attain something. 20 . each successive one subtler than the preceding one. pointing out perhaps that the lower stages of realization have to be gone through before one acquires the knowledge of the Ultimate. These are five concepts. the Bhriguvalli depicts Varuna telling his son Bhrigu Maharshi to meditate on the aforesaid five as verily the Parabrahmam-. If this is what the Aanandavalli has to say. these five are respectively 1. Annamaya Kosam Praanamaya Kosam Manomaya Kosam Vigyaanamaya Kosam and Anandamaya Kosam sadagopan. What then are these? 1. upon knowing which one knows everything worth knowing. it is imperative for us to know everything about the object of our desire. whether it is the sacred Shruti. then the Intellect and finally on Bliss. According to the Taittireeyopanishad. without the knowledge of which liberation is impossible.org 4. then on the Life Breath. 2. is the Five Fundamentals. All Scripture.
The Fabulous Fruit: We should know the indescribable and boundless sadagopan. wisdom about the innumerable auspicious attributes of the Lord and His glorious form that set Him apart from the innumerable other deities and demigods. are the two possible ways of attaining liberation. any number of factors intervenes and hinders further progress. 5. etc. if it attains liberation. The Hurdles: Life is but a hurdles-race.org pleasure which each Jeevatma is destined for. Bhakti or ceaseless devotion spread over numerous births and Prapatti or absolute surrender to the Lord. involving abject and unconditional surrender to Emperuman. is definitely beyond the capabilities of weak mortals like us. which necessitate more and more births to work them off. 4. is to be acquired. its eternal bond of service with the Paramaatma and the inalienable relationship of Master and servant that binds it inseparably to the Paramaatma. being long-drawn and requiring stringent sense control. 3. is obviously the sole strategy for people like us without any measure of spiritual strength. in the company of like-minded liberated souls having no desire for anything but eternal servitude to the Almighty.. are to be known. If we take a single step towards liberation. leave alone attain. if at all we aspire for the ultimate of pleasures. The main stumbling block in the Pilgrim's Progress is the accumulated baggage of good and bad deeds which the Jeevatma gathers during its interminable sojourn in Samsaaram.Similarly. without which it would be impossible for anyone to even think of.org sadagopan. Saranagati or Prapatti. should learn about. in its quest for Moksham. The Strategy: The Jeevatma. Bhakti. This is the bliss which emerges from selfless service to the Lord and His Divine Consort. Know Thyself: The true nature of the self or the Jeevatma. 2. 21 . These five concepts form the cornerstones of spiritual wisdom. analyse and adopt a strategy ideally suited for achieving the desired goal.
The Vaartthaamaala catalogues these hurdles as follows: 1. cynical and indifferent anuvartthanattukku pratibandhakam putra mentalities will sap our own faith and make us less enthusiastic for the enlightening and purifying company of Bhaagavatas— 22 . is the most powerful hurdle.org THE FIVE ENEMIES We saw how knowledge of the Hurdles (as part of the Five Fundamentals) is essential for everyone. it is family ties and attachment which prevent us from treading the path of renunciation preached by Acharyas—the more the attachment to the family. 3. 2. preventing us from following pratibhandhakam shareeram". Bad Company: Friendship with people of atheistic. the less the inclination to toe the line of Acharyas—"Aachaarya mitraadigal" . which is dominated by the five karmendriyas the dictates of the Lord-"Bhagavat anuvarttanattukku and five gnaanendriyas. meyyaam uyir nilayum Takka neriyum tadayaagi tokkiyalum oozh vinayum vaazh vinayaum Odum Kurukayar Kon yaazhinisai Vedaatiyal" sadagopan. telling us that Sri Nammazhwar's verses provide us blemishless wisdom about these five concepts: "Mikka Irai nilayum.liberation. Shareeram: Our frail body. Praaptuscha pratyak Aatmana: Praaptyupaayam phalam chaiva Praapti virodhi: tathaiva cha Vadanti sakalaa Vedaa: setihaasa Puraanakaa:" Here is a much more intelligible translation of the aforesaid sloka. Family and Friends: Often. Here is a beautiful slokam enumerating the Five Fundamentals: "Praapyasya Brahmano roopam.
This is why the Lord says that whomever He wishes to bless. as laid down in scripture. diverting us from the path of Prapatti and the supreme goal of attaining the Lord. 'Irrespective of my long record of crime. 3. still it is reiterated to ensure that there is no misunderstanding about the nature of the contract with the Almighty. 2. Aanukoolya Sankalpam: One who wishes to surrender must first resolve to toe the line of the Lord. The second resolution of the Jeevatma is that it would never transgress divine dictates. first He deprives the devotee of his wealth--"Yasya anugraham icchaami tasya vittam haraamyaham" 5. I shall henceforth obey Your dictates implicitly'. says the Jeevatma to the Lord. This Saranagati or absolute surrender to the Lord. Goptrutva Varanam: The conscious choice of the Lord Sriman Narayana as 23 . The ultimate bliss of bhagavat anubhavam gets shadowed by the glaring floodlights of material pleasures.org sadagopan. sadagopan. Material Pleasures: Preoccupation with material pursuits and mundane pleasures would lead us into methods for achievement of the same. Wealth: The staunch faith that surrender to the Lord is the sole strategy. Praatikoolya Varjanam: Though this is a natural corollary of the first item. again has five components: 1. as laid down in the Shruti and the Smritis."Sri Vaishnavargal anuvarttanattukku pratibandhakam itara sahavaasam" 4.org FIVE COMPONENTS OF SARANAGATI We saw that Saranagati at the lotus feet of the Lord is the only strategy for people like us. gets diluted once we engage in ------the unending pursuit of wealth— "Upaaya adhyavasaayattukku pratibandhakam arttha praavanyam". capable of redeeming us from the mundane morass in which we wallow.
as enumerated by Swami Desikan in Sri Nyaasa Tilakam— 1. sadagopan. "Manattilor tooymai Illai" "Tavattulaar tammil allen". And each of these sins is so serious. how can it be said that a simple strategy like Prapatti washes away all our sins? This doubt arises because of ignorance of the nature of Sri Mahalakshmi. with the burden assuming crippling proportions with each successive body that they inhabit. 5. people are often plagued by doubts regarding the efficacy of Saranagati as a tool to liberation. "Kulitthu moondru analai ombum" etc. that its deleterious effects are likely to continue over several births. Sri Tondaradippodi Azhwar's Tirumaalai paasurams beginning with "oorilen kaani illai". Aakinchanyam or helplessness and its realization by the Jeevatma impart it the requisite submissiveness essential for surrender.one's sole saviour and a plaintive cry to Him to rush to our rescue. material and spiritual poverty should always agitate our mind. Jeevaatmas accumulate immeasurable sin during each of their births. The Universal Mother is so merciful that She intercedes with the Lord on behalf the surrendered soul and makes a strong recommendation to the Lord for 24 . 4. However. Our moral. In such a case. These doubts are again of five types. are pointers in this regard. spiritual and mundane and critically conscious of our total incapacity to save ourselves.org THE FIVE DOUBTS We thus see that the glorious strategy of Prapatti has five components. Kaarpanyam: We should be acutely aware of our helplessness in all matters. without which sincere surrender would be impossible. are the next item on the surrenderer's agenda. Rakshisyati it Visvaasa: Surrendering to anyone would be fruitful only if we have an absolute faith that the person to whom we are surrendering is capable of and would be inclined to save us. Maha Visvaasam or the Great Faith as it is known is the cornerstone of all Prapatti.
irrespective of number and gravity. once the latter realizes its follies and surrenders at the lotus feet of the Universal Father. Moksham. as that between father and son. so too. the effort for which is totally disproportionate to the object sought to be achieved? Though the Lord has nothing to gain from our Prapatti.org sadagopan. The Lord has nothing to gain from anyone's offering. The Lord is portrayed as an impartial arbiter.. how can He bestow on the sinning Jeevatma the ultimate fruit of Moksham. the Lord has no hesitation in rewarding the Jeeva with Liberation. This being so. would He afford the Jeeva the ultimate of all rewards. just as a King is pleased by the submission of a mere lime fruit. 4. 2. However. 3.ridding the soul of all sin. Such being the case. would He grant liberation to the Jeeva who performs Prapatti. before bestowing major bonuses. affording pleasure and pain to the Jeevas according to their deeds. Just as even the prodigal son is entitled to the father's property and the father does give him his share once the son reforms and returns to the family fold. there is an eternal and inalienable bond between Him and the individual souls. the Lord is known as one who tests His devotees for quite long. in return for a sinecure of a strategy like Prapatti. viz. however grave and however numerous. While demigods are easy to please and shower their devotees with minor boons at the drop of a hat. In such a case. He is the avaapta samasta kaama: or one who has no needs to be satisfied. which is beyond the reach of even distinguished deities like Brahma and Shiva? No doubt the Lord is indeed a judge and jury. doling out reward and punishment in perfect proportion to the meritorious and sinful deeds of the Jeevas. His natural and boundless mercy for errant souls makes Him bestow the greatest of favours in return for the smallest of gestures. as and when the latter desires 25 sadagopan. Such maternal intervention ensures that all sins are pardoned.org .
who would harm his dedication and devotion to Sriman Narayana as the sole refuge and saviour.the same? While it is true that minor benefits flow rather late from our Lord. Thus the Lord's major concern is "Chetana Laabham". Just as a Pativrata would have nothing to do with a prostitute and would avoid even the latter's shadow. the Lord considers Himself to be the real beneficiary. prescribing common matters to be avoided by both: 1. Those who perform Prapatti are of different types—some are Vidvaans while others are ignoramuses. righteous men and wise persons are entitled to better treatment than the wicked and ignorant? sadagopan. a Prapanna should avoid resorting to demigods. who has surrendered Himself heart and soul to the Lord. Prapatti is a great equalizer. 2. As such. 26 . How can the Lord bestow the same significant benefit of Moksham on all these surrendered souls. who had been eluding Him so long. resulting in the expeditious grant of Moksham. five categories of people are to be avoided like the plague. THE FIVE AVOIDABLES For a Prapanna. As a chaste woman would look askance at those who patronize prostitutes. some are paragons of virtue while others have done no good in their lives. as far as Bharanyaasam is concerned. bringing the same blissful reward to every one of its adherents. since He has brought one more Jeevaatma into His fold.org Irrespective of on whom He bestows the fruit of liberation. irrespective of differences among them. it melts down Emperuman's naturally merciful heart. some are rich while some do not have a penny to call their own. 5. irrespective of the differences among them? Surely. Here. the Vaartthaamaala draws a comparison between a Pativrata and Prapanna.
who profess to be Pativratas but do not act accordingly. 4.org sadagopan. are to be shunned by a Prapanna. Vaishnavas who embrace the practices of other faiths. would have no attraction for a genuine Pativrata. Similarly. a Prapanna would like to avoid those who sport all the external symbols of a Sri Vaishnava. but lack the devotion and dedication that go with the name. So too. who prefer to consort with other females of their own persuasion and conviction. Similarly. Pretenders. a Prapanna should avoid the company of those who do not owe allegiance to Sriman Narayana as the Supreme Lord and Master. 3. Those who have abandoned their husbands and consorted with others would be avoided by a chaste woman at all costs.org 27 . 5. Prapannas find no pleasure in the company of immature Samsaaris.so too. Unmarried girls are no company for chaste women. sadagopan.
The Wind blows out of its fear of the Lord. says Srimad Ramayanam. Mrityur dhaavati panchama:" Shastras tell us that the King is verily the Lord Himself. resembles Indra in his valour. in being pleasant to everyone. Mrityur dhaavati panchama iti" The same mantra is found with slight variation in the Kathopanishad too— "Bhayaat asya Agni: tapati. This is true not only of we mortals. which reveals that Five exalted entities perform their duties out of fear of God. the deity of death. If the Lord has five forms. promptly reclaims lives whose time on earth has run out— "Bheeshaasmaat vaata: pavate. Here is the beautiful slokam from Ramayana— "Pancha roopaani Raajaana: dhaarayanti amitoujasa: Agne: Indrasya Somasya Yamasya Varunasya cha Oushnyam tathaa vikramam cha soumyam dandam prasannataam" We learn from Vaali that there are five five-nailed animals. Soma when he functions as the benefactor of his subjects. He is verily Agni when dealing with enemies. the King too represents five deities in his functions. the Sun rises and sets everyday like clockwork at the appointed time. bheeshodeti Soorya: sadagopan. we are told by the Taittireeya Upanishad. but of even distinguished deities. Yama when he deals out just punishment to the wrongdoers and Varuna. the flesh of which can be eaten by Kshatriyaas— 28 . Bhayaat tapati Soorya: Bhayaat Indrascha Vaayuscha.org Bheeshaasmaat Agnischa Indrascha. Agni and Indra do their respective duties perfectly and Mrityu.PART 4 THE FEARFUL FIVE It is fear of God that prompts most of us to adhere to correct conduct.
according to Sri Rama— 1. enmity subsisting from birth and that caused by an offensive act. with a wise bird telling a King the five sources of enmity. A slightly different version of what causes antagonism and hostility. which is much more harmful than physical sadagopan. That which results from one's sworn enemies That which is the result of property disputes That resulting from a dispute over women That caused by a stinging insult. disputes over property. and 5. 4.org injury. 5. Porcupine Pig Rabbit Tortoise Iguana (Udumbu). 2. however distant in time. 2. Fire Floods Famine 29 . It is again Sri Rama who tells Bharata that sorrow generally arises from five sources: 1. 4. 3. intemperate speech. 3.disputes over women.org sadagopan. That resulting from an act of omission or commission.1. Enmity is normally caused by one of the following five factors. 2. 3. is available in the Shanti Parva of Mahabharata.
org Looking at the current scenario. 4. Disease. a) b) c) d) e) The Five Fires—Holy Fires are five in number. a vidvaan cites the following quintets as significant ones: 1. though it is thousands of years since they were uttered! In an argument with Ashtaavakra Maharshi. and Death. how true are these words. Five more sources could also be the cause of distress to citizens: 1. he did so standing amidst the five fires"Panchaagni madhye cha tapastepe samvatsaram nripa:" 30 . 2. 5.4. sadagopan. 3. 5. Corrupt and inefficient officials Thieves and robbers Aliens Those close to centres of political power. viz. Gaarhapatyam Aahavaneeyam Dakshinaagni Sabhyam and Aavasatyam. and A miserly and unkind government. We are told that when Bhageeratha performed penance for bringing down the Ganga from the worlds above..
Pankti. Tiruvaiyyaru finds a mention in the commentary to Periya Tirumozhi—"Kizhakke Iyyaattrile Yaadavaraayar vandirukka" Bathing these days is a hurried affair. one of the beautiful metres in Sanskrit poetry. lasting at the most five minutes and aimed merely at physical cleanliness. We are reminded here of two such places in India.2. The Land of Five Sacred Rivers: The aforesaid slokam talks about five sacred rivers.org Here is the relative Mahabharata slokam— "Pancha Agnaya: pancha padaa Pankti: Yagyaa: panchaivaapi atha pancha indriyaani Drishtaa Vede pancha choodaascha pancha Loke khyaatam Panchanadam cha punyam" 5. one in the north and the other in the south. Darsapoornamaasam. Pasubandham and Somam. Vettaaru and Kudamurutti. 4. Vennaaru. which are named after the five rivers traversing the land. Punjab in the north-west of India derives its name from "Pancha Aapa:" or the land of the five waters. has five parts The Principal Yaagas are again Five—Agnihotram. Beas. sadagopan. which is blessed by the Kaveri and four of its tributaries—Vadalaaru. Chenab.org sadagopan. Chaaturnmaasyam. Sutlej and Ravi. These rivers are known now as the Jhelum. 3. 31 . Another beautiful name is Tiruvaaiyaaru near Tanjavur in south India. a) b) c) d) e) The power that prevails in the five elements has five functionsPramaanam Viparyayam Vikalpam Nidraa and Smriti.
it is a much more significant part of our ablutions and deserves greater attention to detail. as prescribed by the Scripture? When you sit down to a meal. facing the east and never to comment adversely about the food on your plate.org "Sankalpam Sookta patanam maarjanam cha Aghamarshanam Devataa tarpanam chaiva snaanam panchaangam uchyate" Shall we see some more quintets connected with good conduct. 2. who were looking over my shoulder as I was typing this article. which. Sankalpam Sookta Patanam—recitation of Varuna Sooktam Maarjanam Aghamarshanam—recitation of the Aghamarshana Sooktam. (My son and daughter. alas. fearing another lecture on food habits. we ignore too often to our own peril— " Panchaardhro bhojanam kuryaat praangmukho mounam aasthtita: Na nindet anna bhakshyaamscha svaadu asvaadu cha bhakshayet" This piece of wisdom from the Epic tells us to eat in silence.) Sri Bheeshma tells Yudhishttira that five "Doshas" plague all men— 32 . five of your body parts should be wet. two feet and the mouth. 4. 5. 3. if it is to cleanse our inner dirt too. The premium placed by Shastras on basic personal hygiene is evident in most of our scriptural prescriptions.However. and Devata tarpanam sadagopan. Srimad Azhagiasingar's Aahnika grantham tells us that an effective Snaanam consists of five steps: 1. says the Mahabharata—two hands. whether it is tasty or otherwise. have mysteriously vanished.
which we use in our everyday life. flies. 2. etc. The Stove is another identified source of death for lowly creatures. Perception based on logic and reason would enable us to conquer fear 5. which could cause suffering and death— 1. would help us restore the rhythm to the life breath.1. 3. Cultivating good habits and personal hygiene would help us dispel sleepiness 4. 4. Shastras have identified Five Himsa Stthanams.org sadagopan. Lightening our intake and overcoming the tendency to eat and drink sadagopan. Anger is to be conquered by cultivating tolerance and forgiveness 2. Containers used for carrying and storing water. 4. 2. and 33 . FIVE SOURCES OF HIMSA While we may consciously refrain from hurting other creatures. 5. Khandinee—refers to domestic pounding instruments like the "Ulakkai" Peshinee—consists of grindstones. we may be the inadvertent and unwitting source of pain and death for several lowly creatures like insects. Kaamam or excessive attachment Krodham or anger Bhayam or fear Nidraa or sleepiness and Svaasa: or breath And how do we overcome these "Doshas"? 1. Attachment can be overcome by performing duties without an eye on the fruit thereof 3. 3. etc.org anything anywhere.
All of us know that speaking untruth is to be avoided like the plague. the Mahabharata enumerates five scenarios in which untruths are permissible and would not constitute a sin—Untruths told at the time of marriage (we all remember the Tamizh saying. 5.5. It has been dinned into us that under no circumstance should we speak a lie. It is to rid oneself from the unanticipated sin accruing from the aforesaid five items that Shastras prescribe the performance of Vaisvadevam. etc. However. 3. Pancha Maha Yagyaas. tampering with the truth while speaking to women. (especially the last item) here is the Mahabharata slokam— "Na narma yuktam vachanam hinasti Na streeshu na vivaaha kale Na Gurvartthe na aatmano jeevitaartthe Pancha anrutaani aahu: apaatakaani" The same Epic lists the five holiest of things— 1. sadagopan. 4. Yagyam Daanam Dayaa or mercy Vedas Satyam "Yagyo Daanam Dayaa Vedaa: Satyam cha Prithveepate! 34 . "Aayiram poi solli oru kalyaanam seyyalaam"). etc. uttering a lie for saving one's life.org In case you think I am making this up. telling an untruth for protecting one's Guru. vacuum cleaner. 2. Cleaning aids like the broomstick.
capable of cleansing the physique— 1. without ever thinking that one has mastered everything— "Akrodho Guru sushrooshaa soucham aahaara laaghavam Nitya svaadhyaaya iti ete niyamaa: pancha keertitaa:" says the Yoga Rahasyam. 3. Milk Curds Ghee or Clarified Butter and 5 Cow's excreta For those who are engaged in Yogam. Akrodham or an equable temperament. the following five qualities are sadagopan. 4. And the same work prescribes the following five virtues for Sanyaasis— "Astheyam Brahmacharyancha tyaaga: alobha: tathaiva cha Vrataani pancha bhikshoonaam Ahimsa paramaani vai" 35 . 4. 2. eating merely for keeping body and soul together 5. 3. cumulatively known as Pancha Gavyam.Pancha etaani pavitraani shashttam sucharitam tapa:" The Cow is considered holy. giving up food which excites or incites. Constant learning of the scripture from one's Guru.org sadagopan. 2. are considered to be purifying agents. without which their efforts would be in vain— 1. not prone to anger Guru Susrooshaa or serving one's Guru with devotion and dedication Soucham: Cleanliness of the mind and body Aahaara laaghavam: partaking of light meals.org indispensable. Five products from the Cow.
by word. 4. For success in this world and in the meritorious worlds above. Father. 2. Complete renunciation of attachment to worldly objects Avoiding causing any type of harm to anyone. The seventh Skandham of the Bhaagavata Puraanam guides us as to the five types of Adharma which are to be avoided at all cost— "Vidharma: Para dharmascha Aabhaasa Upamaa Cchala: Adharma shaakhaa: pancha imaa dharmaggyo adharmavat varjayet" These five items refer to conduct which appears to be righteous. but which do not conform to codes of conduct prescribed for oneself.org five people is prescribed by the Mahabharata--One's Mother. which is what Ahimsa is all about 5. thought or deed. Refraining from taking or even coveting another's belongings Strict observance of Brahmacharyam. Acts done under the impression that they are righteous. Acharya. 36 . with thoughts focused solely on the Ultimate 3. Agni and the Almighty— "Pitaa Maataa tathaiva Agni: Guru: Aatmaa cha panchama: Yasya ete poojitaa: Paartha! Tasya lokou ubhou jitou" FIVE TYPES OF ADHARMAM Having seen the elements of good conduct. Practicing generosity in imparting knowledge. are known as Vidharmam. but is not really so according to scriptural prescriptions— 1. the worship of sadagopan.1. it is essential for us to find out what constitutes Adharmam too. especially knowledge that leads to liberation.
Pareekshit gave to Kali the right of residence at places where five sources of sin are practiced— Untruth. Since the entire earth belongs to Pareekshit. sadagopan. gambling. By doing so. where Pareekshit Maharaja defeats the Kali Purusha (the personification of everything bad and wicked) and banishes the latter from his empire.2. are known as Cchalam. resulting in nonperformance of Svadharmam and espousing Paradharmam. Abandoning one's duty and espousing that prescribed for others is roundly condemned by Sri Krishna in the Gita—"Svardharme nidhanam shreya: Paradharmo bhayaavaha:" 3. Violence.org 5. Kali Purusha seeks from Pareekshit a single source of sin. Following rules of conduct prescribed for others is Paradharmam. a Brahmachari consorting with women. Prostitution. 4. Pareekshit tells Kali that he could live in peace at places where sins like prostitution. a householder wearing ochre robes meant solely for Sanyaasis and a Sanyaasi performing Agni kaaryam. the Kali Purusha seeks some place to reside. The King said. Arjuna wished to abandon the battlefield. Hatred and Pride. Acts done outside the ambit of the code of conduct prescribed for one's Ashrama are known as Aabhaasam. Performing acts which do not have the specific sanction of scriptures (like Chaidya vandanam) is known as Upadharmam or Upamaa. And now for Romance! 37 . which cumulates all the four mentioned above. are guilty of Aabhaasam. Thus. Not satisfied with these four residences offered to him.org sadagopan. drinking and destruction of life for pleasure are committed. "You can reside in Gold". FIVE RESIDENCES OF KALI PURUSHA A beautiful narrative is found in the Bhaagavata Puraanam. For instance. Interpreting the Vedas in a way contrary to the accepted and traditional manner and bending scriptural prescriptions to suit one's own convenience.
but of soft and supple flowers— 1. which are contrary to the scripture: If we take the South first. the God of Love) is also known as Pancha Baana:. Aravindam Ashokam Chootam navamikaa Neelotpalam sadagopan. Eating in the company of one's wife Eating stale food Marrying the daughter of a paternal aunt Marrying the daughter of a maternal uncle As far as North India is concerned. to sharpen their romantic feelings. because he shoots five arrows at lovers. 3. Bodhaayana finds the following objectionable mores: 1. 3. there are five peculiar practices prevailing in the South of India and five more in the North. 4. Eating in the company of uninitiated persons (those yet to undergo Upanayanam) 2. 4.Shastras tell us that Manmatha (the Indian equivalent of Cupid. these are 1.org FIVE FUNNY PRACTICES Acording to Bodhaayana. these arrows are not made of iron or other metal. Appropriately. 2. 5. 5. Dealing in wool 38 .
5. Drinking Rum Selling animals which have teeth in the upper and lower jaws Trading in arms and Going to the sea for their livelihood The trees in Deva lokam are five in number— 1.2. 5. 3. Planet Mars or Chevaai has five names— 1. 3. Prachetas Varuna: Pasee (because he wields a rope) Yaadasaam Pati: Appati: (master of waters) Similarly. 3. Mandaaram Paarijaatam Santaanam sadagopan. 4. 5. Angaarakan Kujan Bhouman 39 . 4.org sadagopan. has five names— 1. the deity of the waters.org Kalpavriksham and Hari chandanam Varuna. 2. 2. 3. 2. 4.
3.4. 5.org 40 . 4. Lohitaangan Maheesutan Another planet. Raahu. Svarbhaanu Raahu Saihikeya: Vidhuntuda: Tamastu sadagopan. too goes by five names— 1. 5. 2.
2. says Vidura. as represented by armies and abundance of brawn. with a repeated and effective use of Number Five— "Anjile ondru pettraan anjile ondrai taavi anjile ondraar aana aariyarkkaaga egi anjile ondru pettra anangai kandu anjile ondrai vaittaan avan nammai alitthu kaappaan" 41 . the three Vyaahritis and the three parts of the Gaayatri mantra. 4. Interestingly. The availability of wise and mature advisers—Amaatya balam A well-endowed Treasury—Dhana balam Descent from a distinguished royal family—Aabhijaatyam Praggyaa Balam or the strength of intellect and Physical strength. say Shastras— "Panchaavasaana Gaayatree pancha paataka naasinee Panchaavasaana heena tu pancha paataka daayinee" Another deity often depicted with five faces is Sri Hanumaan. let us enjoy a beautiful tribute by Kamban to the Vaanara Veera.org DEITIES WITH FIVE FACES Gaayatri Devi is said to have five faces. sadagopan.PART 5 What is Strength to a King? Is it mere muscle. with breaks after the Pranavam. according to the Gaayatryashtakam— "Gaayatreem Harivallabhaam trinayanaam panchaananaam". 3. it would rid us of the gravest of sins and if not. Speaking of Siriya Tiruvadi. 5. If Gaayatri japam is done in the prescribed manner. the mantra is supposed to be divided into five during Japam. brawn and vast armies? No. telling Dhritaraashtra that Strength is of Five kinds— 1.org sadagopan. prove counterproductive.
in a display of His infinite love and mercy. "Anjile ondru pettraan" refers to Hanumaan being the son of Vaayu. Tatpurusham. 42 . and is based on the Five Elements or Pancha Bhootaas. adopted the lowly hunter Guha as His own brother. "anjile ondraar aana Ariyaarkkaaga"Though the brothers Rama were only four at birth. "anjile ondrai taavi" portrays his act of leaping across the skies—(Aakaasam. Rama.org Shiva is also a deity with Five Faces.Though this appears cryptic. Vaamadevam. et al crowd the doors of the Tirumala temple. one of the five elements. These faces of Mahadeva are known as Sadyojaatam. It is for this Magnificent Monarch Rama. 2. FIVE IN TIRUPPAAVAI The fifth paasuram of Tiruppaavai eulogizes five forms of the Lord— 1. that Maaruti crossed the ocean to Lanka. Indra. we are told by the Sri Venkateswara Suprabhaatha Stotram. Aghoram and Eesaanam. 4 . it is really simple.Aayar kulatthinil tondrum ani vilakku. in search of Sri Mythily. singing the praises of the Lord of Seven Hills—"Panchaanana abja bhava Shanmukha Vaasavaadyaa: Trivikramaadi charitam vibudhaa: stuvanti". "Anjile ondru pettra Anangu" refers to Sita Devi. "Anjile ondrai vaitthaan" commemorates Hanuman's act of setting Lanka on fire (the fifth element). Taayai kudal vilakkam seida Damodaran. saying "Ninnodum iyvar aanom". Maayan. Brahma. another of the five elements)— to reach Lanka. Mannu Vada Madurai Maindan. Tooya peru neer Yamunai turaivan. 3. sadagopan. 5. which says that all deities including Shiva. Shanmukha. who is none other than the daughter of Bhoomi Piraatti (another of the Pancha Bhootas).
2. Toomalar toovi. Speaking of women. The Dvaya Mantram. Vaayinaal Paadi. is described by Swami Desikan as five times four plus five—"Mukuundan isaittu arul seida iynnaal iyndum" FIVE HOLY WOMEN "Pancha kanyaa smaren nityam mahaa paataka naasanam" says the Scripture. is as follows: "Gaayatreem Tulaseem Gangaam Kaamadhenum Arundhateem Pancha maatroon smaren nityam mahaa paataka naasanam. sadagopan. Sri Nammazhwar too puts it as a multiple of five— "Iyndinoodu iyndum vallaar".org When speaking of ten. Tozhudu. here is something to make their hearts burn with envy: 43 . with its 25 letters.The latter half of the paasuram depicts five forms of service or kainkaryam to the Lord— 1. Tooyomaai vandu. 5. The close association of Tiruppavai with Number Five is brought out in the verse. 3. telling us to think daily of the glory of five great specimens of womanhood— "Ahalya Droupati Sita Taara Mandodari tathaa Pancha kanyaa: smaren nityam mahaa paataka naasanam" Another grouping of five deities which is supposed to be an instant purifier. Manatthinaal chintikka. 4.org sadagopan. "Iyyayndum Iyndum ariyaada maanidarai vaiyyam sumappadum vambu".
as it is tied in five different ways BHAKTISAARA'S FAVOURITE NUMBER Tirumazhisai Piraan makes much of a play with Number Five. of which the Lord is the object of worship The Five Fires which form His body. Sri Tirumangai Mannan incidentally comments on the beautiful womenfolk of Azhundur. according to Azhwar— 1. etc. The second verse too has a lot to say about five—"Aarum aarum aarumaai. viz. or iyndum iyndum iyndumaai". The Pancha Maha Yagyas. were present naturally in the damsels of Azhundur. dyes. Their hair had five divine characteristics. 5. 3. 4. potions. Women's hair is also known as "Iympaal".org women strive today to achieve or at least simulate through the application of shampoos... 1. Three groups of five are referred to here. His very first verse of Tirucchandaviruttam begins with "Poo nilaaya iyndumaai". conditioners. It can be noted that all the desirable characteristics of female hair.Paying tributes to Aamaruviappan at Terazhundur. Fragrance (natural and not due to the use of aromatics) Darkness (natural and not owing to application of dyes) Density Silkiness/Suppleness and Sweetness which attracted bees in droves. Earth. 2. so much so that bees found their hair more attractive than flowers—"Ambaraavum kan madavaar iympaal anayum Azhundur". referring to the five characteristics possessed by the first of elements. lotions. 2. like other sentient beings and non- sentient objects 44 . which sadagopan.
Azhwar refers to five more quintets in the third paasuram— "Iyndum Iyndum Iyndumaagi".3. The five Karma Indriyas—Speech. The Five Shaktis of the Lord—the divine form of Para Vasudeva is said to be of these five shaktis. The five Gnaana Indriyas—Skin. The Five Aahutis ("Praanaaya svaahaa". with whom we should not even converse—those who kill Brahmins. legs and the two excretory organs 4. Tongue and Nose 3.org sadagopan. 45 . Roopa. Prapannas should avoid the asociation of five items—"Prapannanukku Sparsam. Eyes. The five Tanmaatrams—Sabda. The five elements—Air. Rasa and Gandha Tanmaatrams 5.) with which food is offered to His form as the Antaryaami.org THE TOUCH OF FIVE According to the Vaartthaamaalai. those living off women and those who are insincere. Sparsa. as follows: "Emperumaanudaya sarvasmaat paratvattai anusandhikka saiva sparsam pom: samasta kalyaana gunangalai anusandhikka maayaa vaada sparsam pom: Sriya: Patitvattai ninaikka Ekaayana sparsam arum: Upaaya poorttiyai anusandhikka upaayaantara sparsam arum: Divya mangala vigrahattai anusandhikka vishayaantara sparsam pom" The Mahabharata catalogues five types of sinners. Earth and Atmosphere 2. adulterers. The prescription for remaining unaffected by the touch of these five is enumerated by the same work. Upaayaantara Vishayaantara Sparsam". The three more groups of five described here are 1. hands. anju sparsam parihaaryam saiva sparsam. Maayaavaada Ekaayaana Sparsam. Sparsam. sadagopan. Fire. those guilty of killing cows. etc. Water. Ears.
PANCHAAKSHARAM The five letters which form the core. These duties are 1. 46 . the very essence of the Ashtaakshara mantram are depicted by the Upanishad thus—"Naaraayanaaya it panchaaksharaani". one-fifth on one's family and friends and the balance one-fifth should be saved for rainy days— "Dharmaaya yasase kaamaaya svajanaaya cha Panchadhaa vibhajan vittam ihaamutra cha modate" SECULAR SIGNIFICANCE Wikipedia mentions several other reasons for the significance of Number 5. if we are to sadagopan. 3.org lead a comfortable existence here in this world and in the worlds above. Shahadah (profession of faith). The Five Pillars of Islam is the term given to the five duties incumbent on every Muslim. Zakat (alms tax). Another famous mantram of five letters is that relating to Rudra. One-fifth is to be spent on earning fame. one-fifth on things of one's desire. says the Bhaagavata Puraanam. FIVE WAYS OF DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH One's Wealth is to be divided into and spent for five purposes. The first and foremost item for which wealth is to be allocated is Dharmam or charity. In Saara Sangraham. Salah (ritual prayer). 2. Swami Desikan tells us the glory of these five letters—"Iyndu ezhutttile aparicchinnamaana parama purushaarttha sambandhattai ugandu".
5. The finger next to the thumb said. the Atlantic. representing the number of inhabited continents represented by the Olympians (counting North And South Americas as one continent). Sawm (fasting during Ramadan). "Does anyone 47 . come from the elements of nature. as to their relative importance.org sadagopan. the Artic and the Antartic. . there was an argument among the fingers. which are collectively called the Five Books of Moses. "I am the tallest of you all and this is itself testimony of my superiority". sadagopan. the Oceans in the world are again Five—the Indian Ocean. To remind you of elementary Geography. via the identification of the elements with the five planets visible to the naked eye. The Japanese calendar has a five-day weekly cycle that can be still observed in printed mixed calendars combining Western and Japanese systems. So I am definitely greater than all of you". "When the palm is closed.org The Olympic Games have five interlocked rings as their symbol. As I aid in cognition.4. it is I who tower head and shoulders above you people. I am surely the greatest". The thumb said. and Hajj (pilgrimage Mecca). "People know of things only because I point them out. Muslims offer Namaaz or prayer five times a day. The hand has five fingers— "Mani bandhaat aakanishttam karasya karabho bahi: Pancha shaakha: saya: Paani: Tarjanee syaat pradarsinee" ----(Amarakosham) Which of these fingers is the greatest? Well. Exodus. Tuesday through Saturday. Numbers and Deuteronomy. The third finger said. The Japanese names for the days of the week. the Pacific. The Bible consists of five principal books—Genesis. Leviticus. The Ring Finger retorted.
sadagopan 48 . Pancha Sheela. As it is. In view of all this. 2. it would appear that the possibilities of Five are indeed endless— if we scour the scriptures sincerely. etc. I have had to discard quite a few clues dealing with Five. Pancha Dakshina. Buddhism requires its adherents to eschew Five Great Sins— 1. we would definitely come up with any number of items involving this great number. sadagopan. The Little Finger said. Pancha Tantra. 5. how true is the Upanishadic saying.org 4. Destruction of living creatures Stealing from others Sexual misconduct Incorrect speech and Consumption of liquor and other intoxicants. Panchaagni Vidya. 3. have all faced the guillotine. for fear of too much elaboration. "I may not possess any of your superlative features. However. Because of this. Only the best is rewarded and so am I the greatest". "Paanktam vaa idam sarvam" (All this is verily made up of Five)! Srimate Sri LakshmiNrisimha divya paduka sevaka SrivanSatakopa Sri Narayana Yatindra Mahadesikaya nama: dasan.think of adorning any of you with a ring? I am the automatic choice whenever anyone thinks of a ring. Pancha Maha Paatakas. Well. it is I who lead the pack of fingers and stand first in expressing my devotion". as this piece has already run to 38 pages and more than 10000 words. I am extremely contented because whenever the palms fold in obeisance before the Lord.


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13.00 mpgHwy
18.00 mpg
Exterior : White
Interior : Tan
6.2L 403.0hp
All Wheel Drive
Denali Package
All Wheel Drive
Heated Steering Wheel
Power Running Boards
Dual Screen DVD
Heated Seats
Cooled Seats
Satellite Radio
Remote Start
Center Row Captains Chairs
Driver Air Bag
Passenger Air Bag
Side Air Bag
Power Door Locks
Heated Mirrors
Traction Control
Fog Lamps
Vehicle Anti-Theft System
Integrated Turn Signal Mirrors
Tire Pressure Monitoring
Electronic Stability Control
Climate Control
Dual Zone AC
Air Conditioning
Rear AC
Cruise Control
Keyless Entry
Power Driver Mirror
Power Steering
Tilt Wheel
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Rear Parking Aid
Handsfree Communications
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Rear Window Defroster
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Alloy Wheels
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White Diamond Tricoat Original Cost: $995
Sun, Entertainment And Destinations Package Original Cost: $2,535
Navigation System
Satellite Radio
Entertainment System
Trailer Brake Controller, Integrated Original Cost: $200
Assist Steps, Power-retractable Original Cost: $1,095
Entertainment System, Rear Seat Dvd Player Original Cost: $1,395
Entertainment System
Lpo, Front Console Organizer Original Cost: $45
Standard Equipment
Engine, Vortec 6.2L Variable Valve Timing V8 SFI , Active Fuel Management with E85 FlexFuel capability (403 hp [300.5 kW] @ 5700 rpm, 417 lb-ft of torque [562.9 N-m] @ 4300 rpm)
Rear axle, 3.42 ratio
Differential, heavy-duty locking rear
Trailering equipment, heavy-duty includes trailering hitch platform, 7-wire harness with independent fused trailering circuits mated to a 7-way sealed connector and (VR4) 2" trailering receiver
Cooling, external engine oil cooler, heavy-duty air-to-oil, integral to driver-side of radiator
Cooling, auxiliary external transmission oil cooler, heavy-duty air-to-oil
Recovery hooks, 2 front, frame-mounted
Alternator, 160 amps
GVWR, 7400 lbs. (3357 kg) (Requires 4WD 1/2 ton models.)
Suspension, front coil-over-shock with stabilizer bar
Suspension, rear multi-link with coil springs
Steering, power
Brakes, 4-wheel antilock, 4-wheel disc
Powertrain grade braking
Exhaust, aluminized stainless-steel muffler and tailpipe
Tools, mechanical jack and wheel wrench, stored in rear quarter trim
Wheel, 17" (43.2 cm) full-size, steel spare
Tire carrier, lockable outside spare, winch-type mounted under frame at rear
Tire, spare P265/70R17 all-season, blackwall
Fascia, front color-keyed
Fascia, rear color-keyed
Moldings, body-color bodyside with bright inserts
Grille, chrome surround
Headlamps, dual halogen composite with automatic exterior lamp control and flash-to-pass feature
Fog lamps, front round halogen
Mirrors, outside heated power-adjustable, power-folding and driver-side auto-dimming, body-color with integrated turn signal indicators and ground illumination (Includes memory function and curb-tilt.)
Glass, Solar-Ray deep-tinted (all windows except light-tinted glass on windshield and driver and front passenger-side glass)
Wipers, front intermittent wet-arm with flat blade and pulse washers
Liftgate with liftglass, rear door system with rear-window wiper/washer
Liftgate, rear power-operated controlled from front overhead console, remote key fob or button inside liftgate
Wiper, rear intermittent with washer
Audio system feature, Bose Centerpoint Surround Sound 10-speaker system
Antenna, integral in rear quarter glass
Bluetooth for phone, personal cell phone connectivity to vehicle audio system
Seats, heated second row
Seat release, power seat release only, second row bench or bucket
Cup holders, in front seating area
Cup holders, in second row seating area
Cup holders, driver and passenger-side in third row side trim
Floor covering, color-keyed carpeting
Steering column, power Tilt-Wheel, adjustable with brake/transmission shift interlock
Tow/haul mode selector, button located at end of shift lever
Driver Information Center, full-functionality included with temperature and compass
Instrumentation, analog with speedometer, odometer with trip odometer, fuel level, voltmeter, engine temperature, oil pressure, tachometer, compass and outside temperature gauge
Warning tones headlamp on, key-in-ignition, driver and passenger buckle up reminder and turn signal on
Windows, power with driver Express-Down and lockout features
Universal Home Remote includes garage door opener, programmable
Pedals, power-adjustable for accelerator and brake (Includes memory function.)
Heater, rear auxiliary with rear passenger heating ducts
Defogger, rear-window electric
Theft-deterrent system, vehicle, PASS-Key III
Door trim, side reflectors on rear doors
Armrests, driver and passenger doors, padded
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Assist handles, front passenger and second row outboard
Coat hooks, driver- and passenger-side rear seat and cargo area
Storage bin, behind driver-side rear quarter panel
Cargo mat
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Air bags, dual-stage frontal, driver and right-front passenger with Passenger Sensing System (Always use safety belts and child restraints. Children are safer when properly secured in a rear seat in the appropriate child restraint. See the Owner's Manual for more information.)
Air bags, head curtain side-impact for all outboard seating positions with rollover sensor (Always use safety belts and child restraints. Children are safer when properly secured in a rear seat in the appropriate child restraint. See the Owner's Manual for more information.)
Air bags, seat-mounted side-impact, driver and right-front passenger for thorax and pelvic protection (Always use safety belts and child restraints. Children are safer when properly secured in a rear seat in the appropriate child restraint. See the Owner's Manual for more information.)
Rear Park Assist with audible warning
Side Blind Zone Alert
LATCH system (Lower Anchors and Top tethers for CHildren), for child safety seats
Tire Pressure Monitor System air pressure sensors in each tire with pressure display in Driver Information Center (does not apply to spare tire)
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Release: Jan 31, 1998
Subtitle: ETC.
Production Countries: United States of America
Quality: HD
Rating: 6.9
Casts: Angelina Jolie, Elizabeth Mitchell, Eric Michael Cole, Kylie Travis, Mercedes Ruehl, Mila Kunis, Faye Dunaway, Louis Giambalvo, John Considine, Scott Cohen, Edmund Genest
Dallas Buyers Club
Bohemian Rhapsody
Schindler's List
Catch Me If You Can
Into the Wild


text:
1 - 25 of 89,743 Posts | DeafRead Hide: Off
[What's This?]
New Gadget for Blind and Deaf.
At The Rim
Sun, Feb 17 2019 · 12 minutes ago
Love isn't Deaf
At The Rim A deaf couple gets married and hopes their future children AREN'T deaf.
Sun, Feb 17 2019 · 12 minutes ago
Entire neighbourhood learns sign for young deaf girl.
At The Rim Samantha is a lovely young girl and very neighbourly. She uses sign language to communicate with the people in her community. She is very friendly and likes to engage in conversation with anybody she meets. She would be totally a different person if somebody can communicate with her. She also becomes sad if people cannot communicate with her in sign language. Her...
Sun, Feb 17 2019 · 12 minutes ago
Hands Are Very Important! (NOT FOR WEAK STOMACHS)
Bucky Raymond This is not for weak stomachs.I am here to help all people who are ASL using to be cautioned for their hands. So please and watch it.
Sat, Feb 16 2019 · 11 hours ago
AGBell: Time for You to Heal Your Angry Brain
The Last Hiccup Edward Miner Gallaudet (EMG): December 1881 This is one of the most powerful pieces written by EMG. It is a year after infamous Milan Resolution. I will share few of his writing. The grand opening of his article: "The heated controversies which have been sustained for many years as to the merits of rival methods […]
Sat, Feb 16 2019 · 15 hours ago
Crypt TV
Captioned Web TV Fright Hype talks of some of the current horror movies and how they tie in with the older versions.This is one of the MANY playlists about horror under the CryptTV channel. How deliciously scared we all love to ---
Sat, Feb 16 2019 · 15 hours ago
Deaf baristas: Starbucks discriminated against us
Deaf News Today Two deaf baristas are suing Starbucks, claiming discrimination. They say the manager at the store in Seattle where they worked put them in positions for long hours that were especially difficult for deaf workers and that they were excluded from conversations with other employees, among other things. KIRO-TV has a video report below. There is a captioned video here. ...
Sat, Feb 16 2019 · 19 hours ago
Should Guns Carrier Reveal Their Badge?
Bucky Raymond I don't like to visit them without their badges, I think we have the right to know if they are cops or not. It is for our safely reason. With out badge, then how should we know if this is a cop or not. We need to know before the can enter any shops.So what did you think about that?
Sat, Feb 16 2019
City Council Drops Use of Terps at Meetings
Deaf News Today If you live in Cleveland, your City Council meetings will not include sign-language interpreters anymore. The Council thinks it's too expensive, according to a letter one of the members sent to a man who is hard of hearing and had requested interpreters. The city provided them for a while, but the letter to Rico Dancy now offers him the use of headphones instead. Read...
Fri, Feb 15 2019
Job Opportunity: Designated Interpreter at Lamar University
Deaf Network of Texas Designated Interpreter #498743 Posting Number: 20111720 Position Title: Designated Interpreter #498743 Position Type: Staff Department: Deaf Studies and Deaf Education Job Summary: Under the direction of the Deaf Studies, Deaf Education (DSDE) Department Chair, the Designated Interpreter (DI) provides American… Read more →
Fri, Feb 15 2019
Trump/Beto Rallies And Their Interpreting Fails
ASL Deafined Blog Updates on Trump/Beto Rally Interpreters Updates on Trump/Beto Rally Interpreters Posted by The Daily Moth on Wednesday, February 13, 2019 Captioning is available for this video under settings. For more stories from The Daily Moth, go to dpan.tv.
Fri, Feb 15 2019
On this date in history...
Deaf News Today image from Green Party NZ The New Zealand Parliament made history on this date (Feb. 15) in 2012. Mojo Mathers, the first deaf member of the body, gave her first speech. Since Mathers' speech was translated into sign language, the 13 other members of the Green party who spoke had their speeches translated into sign language as well. Read More at DeafNewsToday.com
Fri, Feb 15 2019
Handshape of the Week: D!
ASL Deafined Blog D-Handshape The D-Hanshape is done by raising the index finger as shown below in the sign for DEAF. Other signs in ASL that use the D-handshape include: Date Dating Democrat Dessert Detroit
Fri, Feb 15 2019
Half of USA youth could go deaf
At The Rim Are the deaf community going to welcome the influx?
Fri, Feb 15 2019
Helping the Deafened....
At The Rim
Fri, Feb 15 2019
Deaf Derby twins' acting career takes off with British...
The Limping Chicken Derby twins Natasha and Rhianna Cullen, who are 12, have enjoyed their moment in the spotlight after appearing in a […]
Fri, Feb 15 2019
Chinese New Year 2019 Buffet Dinner At Impiana KLCC Hotel...
-Selina^Wing- Are you very busy during the Chinese New Year season? You'll miss to eat the reunion family dinner at your hometown? No worries! You can plan to bring your family to enjoy the best buffet dinner in Kuala Lumpur when they come to visit you! Looking for the best buffet dinner in KL? There are many hotel buffet lunch or dinner in Kuala Lumpur... If you want a place is ...
Thu, Feb 14 2019
Deafie of the Week: Millicent Simmons!
ASL Deafined Blog Millicent made some significant headway into Deaf History with her famed role in The Quiet Place, a horror film which incorporated American Sign Language more than what we are certainly used to. We don't want to spoil the plot, but we (of course) encourage you to go see the movie and Millicent in action! […]
Thu, Feb 14 2019
Born deaf Tyler Lee's Lexi Hill signs to play college...
Deaf Network of Texas Born deaf Tyler Lee's Lexi Hill signs to play college basketball By: Mike Alzamora Posted: February 14, 2019 TYLER, Texas (KETK) – She has never heard a single word in her life. Yet, a Tyler Lee basketball player made one… Read more →
Thu, Feb 14 2019
Teaching strategies.
At The Rim Teaching Strategies for Hard of Hearing and Deaf Students from Nat Pav on Vimeo.
Thu, Feb 14 2019
GP's learning awareness
At The Rim A course teaching medical students how to interact with deaf patients has returned. The University of Liverpool GP Society has organised sign language classes to be taught by Nicola McCabe, the owner of Talking Hands Academy, which offers signing and deaf awareness sessions across Merseyside. The course kicked off its first week for the third year running last W...
Thu, Feb 14 2019
February 22-23, 2019: Deaf Trix Bruce Seminars in Waco,...
Deaf Network of Texas Good News!!! Trix Bruce is coming to Waco, Texas! BEI in Texas are now approved! February 22, 2019 Friday 8:00 am – 5:00 pm Medical Interpreting: How can I interpret that? Through many mentor sessions working with interpreters, I have… Read more →
Thu, Feb 14 2019
Trix Bruce is coming to Houston – March 22-24 2019
Deaf Network of Texas Good News!!! Special Thanks to Houston Community College ASL/ITP BEI CEUs are now approved. March 22, 2019, Friday @ 5 pm – 9 pm Lexical Non-Manual Signals: The "TH" signal This workshop has a focus on the non-manual "TH" signal.… Read more →
Thu, Feb 14 2019
ASL Community Show 2019 – DFW
Deaf Network of Texas Plano ISD American Sign Language Program Presents ASL Community Show 2019 Date: March 30, 2019 Time: 7:00 PM Location: Plano Senior High School 2200 Independence Parkway Plano, Texas 75075 Admission: Free VP: 214-299-8026 (Message to all Hearing people, please leave… Read more →
Thu, Feb 14 2019
Deaf children: A lost generation?
At The Rim New research has found deaf children are falling a whole grade behind their hearing peers at GCSE level, research finds it will take 21 years for deaf children to catch up with their peers Ann Jilling shares her fears as a parent to a deaf 12 year-old boy Ann is constantly anxious that her son, Daniel, will fall behind the rest of his classmates. Unlike many other ...
Thu, Feb 14 2019
»Top Ten Posts
1. Should Guns Carrier Reveal Their Badge?2. Deaf baristas: Starbucks discriminated against us3. AGBell: Time for You to Heal Your Angry Brain4. Hands Are Very Important! (NOT FOR WEAK STOMACHS)5. Crypt TV6. Love isn't Deaf7. New Gadget for Blind and Deaf.8. Entire neighbourhood learns sign for young deaf girl.
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text:
Welcome to Year 1
Our topic this half term is:
Rio de Vida
Rio de Janeiro in Brazil has been the focus of the world during the Olympics and the Paralympics and also for the last Football World Cup.
Rio is also famous for its colourful carnival.
The children will be learning about the carnival, food and culture of Brazil as well as some of the stories and traditional tales of the indigenous Amazonian people. They will learn about its climate and compare it to our own as well as be inspired by the work of Brazil's most famous artist, Romero Britto.
All this will culminate in our own carnival event in school.
Year NewsSpring 2 Newsletter
HomeworkSpring 2 Homework
Year EventsSpring 2 term:
• 26th September - Y1 engage event - Rio dancing
PE will be every Wednesday for Year 1 (please send in your child's PE kit)
If you have any concerns now or in the future about your child starting school please see Miss Haggath, Mrs Saaiman or Mrs French.


text:
Studies in type 1 patients have shown that in intensively treated patients, diabetic eye disease decreased by 76%, kidney disease decreased by 54%, and nerve disease decreased by 60%. More recently the EDIC trial has shown that type 1 diabetes is also associated with increased heart disease, similar to type 2 diabetes. However, the price for aggressive blood sugar control is a two to three fold increase in the incidence of abnormally low blood sugar levels (caused by the diabetes medications). For this reason, tight control of diabetes to achieve glucose levels between 70 to120 mg/dl is not recommended for children under 13 years of age, patients with severe recurrent hypoglycemia, patients unaware of their hypoglycemia, and patients with far advanced diabetes complications. To achieve optimal glucose control without an undue risk of abnormally lowering blood sugar levels, patients with type 1 diabetes must monitor their blood glucose at least four times a day and administer insulin at least three times per day. In patients with type 2 diabetes, aggressive blood sugar control has similar beneficial effects on the eyes, kidneys, nerves and blood vessels.
One of the major benefits of this circuit is that it can be done in a crowded commercial gym. All you need is an adjustable bench, a single dumbbell for the goblet squat/single arm row, and a set of dumbbells for the Romanian deadlift. You'll stay in your little section crushing your full-body workout… while everyone else wastes time roaming around the gym looking for their next machine.
Push-ups would be another example. We've all seen the classic push-up form deterioration under fatigued conditions: a sagging, excessively arched lower back; forward head posture; and elbows flaring out. It's the classic "panic mode" strategy employed by beginners. However, you never see it in experienced lifters; they'll simply fail before the technique breaks down. Part of this comes from technical proficiency, but it's also related to the fact that the limiting factor shifts from anterior core stability to upper body strength/endurance as an individual gets more experienced.
Emerging data suggest an important correlation between metabolic syndrome and risk of stroke. [58] Each of the components of metabolic syndrome has been associated with elevated stroke risk, and evidence demonstrates a relationship between the collective metabolic syndrome and risk of ischemic stroke. [59] Metabolic syndrome may also be linked to neuropathy beyond hyperglycemic mechanisms through inflammatory mediators. [60]


text:
Kith And Kill
by Thea Hartley
Go and buy Kith And Kill from your local Amazon or Smashwords website.
Book 1 of the 'Resa James criminal psychologist mysteries'.
The light streamed in through the bedroom window where the curtains hadn't been pulled completely closed, allowing a beam to create a spotlight.
A mirror on the dressing table reflected the scene in the room, the tableaux of bodies entwined beneath the sheets. One arm dangled over the side of the bed, a woman's, with small wrists and nails, painted deep red except for the index finger, where the varnish had chipped. A male shape was outlined on the right hand side beneath the lilac and white sheet.
A large crimson stain had spread over both bodies, and dripped on to the floor. The stain was blood. The couple were dead.
Outside the bedroom door Anna sat, with her back to the wall trembling. Her hands were shaking, as she tried to use her phone, eyes red and bloodshot with tears. She only wore one shoe; the other was dangling from one of the stair rungs leading down from the Attic room, the hatch wide open.
"Emergency services" came a disembodied voice from the phone "which service do you require?"
* * *
Resa James is a criminal psychologist and university lecturer - asked to consult for the police she is drawn into a multiple murder mystery that seems to have a connection to a fertility clinic. What links the victims together and who is the murderer?
eBook details:
Number of Words: 73000
Published: Nov 2014
This eBook is also available as a paperback - Buy Kith And Kill paperback from Amazon.Please help us by sharing this title on social media.
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Click here for more books by Thea Hartley
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