text:
Daily meet celebrity with new activity
Lana Del Rey
Del Rey performing at the 2017 edition of KROQ Weenie Roast
Elizabeth Woolridge Grant
June 21, 1985
New York City, New York, U.S.
|Los Angeles, California, U.S.
|Alma mater
|Fordham University
|Home town
|Lake Placid, New York, U.S.
|List of awards and nominations
|Musical career
|Also known as
|Years active
|Associated acts
Elizabeth Woolridge Grant (born June 21, 1985),[2] known professionally as Lana Del Rey, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, poet and music video director. Her music has been noted by critics for its stylized cinematic quality, its preoccupation with themes of tragic romance, glamour, and melancholia, and its references to pop culture, particularly 1950s and 1960s Americana.[3][4]
Raised in Upstate New York, Del Rey moved to New York City in 2005 to embark on her music career. Following numerous projects including her debut studio album and the unreleased Sirens, Del Rey's breakthrough came after the viral success of her single "Video Games" in 2011.[5] She then signed with Interscope and Polydor later that year. Her major label debut Born to Die (2012) proved an international success and spawned her first top-ten single on the Billboard Hot 100 with the Cedric Gervais remix of "Summertime Sadness".[6] Since, Del Rey has released the US Billboard 200 number-one albums Ultraviolence (2014) and Lust for Life (2017), along with top-ten releases Paradise (2012) and Honeymoon (2015). She has received nominations for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album for both Paradise and Lust for Life.
Del Rey has contributed to a variety of film soundtracks, most notably "Young and Beautiful" for The Great Gatsby (2013) and the eponymous theme for Big Eyes (2014), which garnered her a Grammy and Golden Globe nomination, respectively. Del Rey wrote and starred in the musical film Tropico (2013) and in short films to accompany her work including Ride (2012), National Anthem (2012), and Freak (2015).
Del Rey is dubbed by the media as the "Queen of Indie Pop".[7] Her official YouTube channel has accumulated over 3.1 billion views as of November 9, 2018, with 11 of her videos surpassing 100 million views on Vevo.[8]
- 1 Early life
- 2 Career
- 2.1 2005–10: Beginnings and early recordings
- 2.2 2011–13: Breakthrough with Born to Die
- 2.3 2014–15: Ultraviolence and Honeymoon
- 2.4 2016–17: Lust for Life and collaborations
- 2.5 2018–present: Norman Fucking Rockwell and book
- 3 Artistry
- 3.1 Musical style
- 3.2 Influences
- 3.3 Voice and timbre
- 3.4 Live performances
- 4 Other ventures
- 5 Public image
- 6 Personal life
- 7 Discography
- 8 Filmography
- 9 Tours
- 10 Awards and nominations
- 11 Notes
- 12 References
- 13 External links
Early life
Elizabeth Woolridge Grant was born in New York City on June 21, 1985,[2][9] to Robert England Grant, Jr., a Grey Group copywriter turned entrepreneur, and Patricia Ann "Pat" (née Hill), a former Grey account executive turned high school teacher.[10][11][12][13] She has one younger sister, Caroline Grant,[14] and one brother, Charlie.[15][16] Her paternal grandfather, Robert England Grant, Sr. was a Kidder, Peabody & Co. investment banker, a vice president for Plough, Inc and Textron, and venture capitalist.[17] She has Scottish ancestry from both her mother and father.[18]
Grant grew up in Lake Placid, New York,[19] and was raised Roman Catholic.[20] She attended a Catholic elementary school[16] and for one year, a high school where her mother taught.[21] She began singing in her church choir when she was a child, where she was the cantor.[16][22]
At age 15,[9][21][23] she was sent to Kent School by her parents[23] to resolve a budding drinking problem.[24] Her uncle, an admissions officer at the boarding school, secured her financial aid to attend.[a]
After graduating, Del Rey was accepted to the State University of New York at Geneseo, but she decided not to attend and instead spent a year living on Long Island with her aunt and uncle while working as a waitress.[10] During this time, Del Rey's uncle taught her how to play guitar, and she "realized [that she] could probably write a million songs with those six chords."[28] Shortly after, she began writing songs and performing in nightclubs around the city under various names such as "Sparkle Jump Rope Queen" and "Lizzy Grant and the Phenomena."[28] "I was always singing, but didn't plan on pursuing it seriously", Del Rey said. "When I got to New York City when I was eighteen, I started playing in clubs in Brooklyn—I have good friends and devoted fans on the underground scene, but we were playing for each other at that point—and that was it."[9]
The following fall, at age 19, she enrolled at Fordham University where she majored in philosophy, with an emphasis on metaphysics.[9] She has said she chose to study the subject because it "bridged the gap between God and science... I was interested in God and how technology could bring us closer to finding out where we came from and why."[9][18] According to Del Rey, she had trouble making friends in both boarding school and college.[29][30] She lived in The Bronx[31] while attending Fordham. Before graduating in 2008, she moved to North Bergen, New Jersey. She was also a Brooklyn resident for four years.[23]
In college, Del Rey volunteered work at homeless youth and drug and alcohol outreach programs, as well as helping paint and rebuild houses on an Indian reservation in Utah.[16] She would cite this trip as integral in her decision to become a songwriter: "I remember exactly when I decided that I wanted to be a singer. I was in college, [and] we went to the Indian reservation. That day I realized that I had only two options: either making music or volunteering for a good cause. I chose the first option. If it [had] not [worked], I would [have] probably [done] social work in any small town."[32]
2005–10: Beginnings and early recordings
—Del Rey explaining why she went into the music industry.[30]
On April 25, 2005, a seven-track extended play was registered under Elizabeth Woolridge Grant with the United States Copyright Office. The application title was Rock Me Stable with another title Young Like Me also listed.[33] A second extended play, titled From the End, was also recorded under Del Rey's stage name at the time, May Jailer.[34] Between 2005 and 2006, she recorded an acoustic album titled Sirens under the May Jailer project,[34] which later leaked on the internet in mid-2012.[b]
At her first performance in 2006 for the Williamsburg Live Songwriting Competition, Del Rey met Van Wilson, an A&R representative for 5 Points Records,[40][41] an independent label owned by David Nichtern.[41] In 2007, while a senior at Fordham, Del Rey submitted a demo tape of acoustic tracks titled No Kung Fu to 5 Points Records,[34] who subsequently offered her a recording contract for $10,000.[34] Del Rey used the money to relocate to Manhattan Mobile Home Park, a trailer park in North Bergen, New Jersey,[9][23] and subsequently began working with producer David Kahne,[41] with whom she released a three-track EP titled Kill Kill in October 2008 as Lizzy Grant.[42] She explained that "David asked to work with me only a day after he got my demo. He is known as a producer with a lot of integrity and who had an interest in making music that wasn't just pop."[43] The album, however, was shelved, causing her to shift her focus: She began to work in community service. "Homeless outreach, drug, and alcohol rehabilitation—that's been my life for the past five years", she told Vogue UK in 2012.[9] Her debut full-length album, titled Lana Del Ray, was released in January 2010.[44] Her father, Robert Grant, helped with the marketing of the album,[44] which was available for purchase on iTunes for a brief period before being withdrawn.
David Kahne, who produced Grant and previous label owner David Nichtern have both stated that Grant bought the rights back from her label, 5 Points, as she wanted it out of circulation to "stifle future opportunities to distribute it—an echo of rumors that the action was part of a calculated strategy.[45][46]
Del Rey met her current managers, Ben Mawson and Ed Millett, three months after Lana Del Ray and they helped her to get out of her contract with 5 Points Records, where, in her opinion, "nothing was happening." Shortly after, she moved to London, and moved in with Mawson "for a few years."[16] When choosing her stage name, she said: "I wanted a name I could shape the music towards. I was going to Miami quite a lot at the time, speaking a lot of Spanish with my friends from Cuba – Lana Del Rey reminded us of the glamour of the seaside. It sounded gorgeous coming off the tip of the tongue."[47] The name was based on a compound of actress Lana Turner and the Ford Del Rey sedan.[48][49][additional citation(s) needed] On September 1, 2010, Del Rey was featured by Mando Diao in their MTV Unplugged concert at Union Film-Studios in Berlin.[50]
2011–13: Breakthrough with Born to Die
After uploading them to her YouTube channel in 2011, Del Rey's videos for the songs "Video Games" and "Blue Jeans" became viral internet sensations,[3] and she was signed by Stranger Records to release "Video Games" as her debut single.[51] She told The Observer, "I just put that song online a few months ago because it was my favorite. To be honest, it wasn't going to be the single but people have really responded to it."[9] The song earned her a Q award for "Next Big Thing" in October 2011[52] and an Ivor Novello for "Best Contemporary Song" in 2012.[53] The same month, she signed a joint deal with Interscope Records and Polydor to work on her second studio album Born to Die.[28][54][55][56]
Del Rey built anticipation to the album by doing a number of live appearances, such as promotional concerts at the Bowery Ballroom and at the Chateau Marmont, and with performances at television shows such as De Wereld Draait Door, and Later... with Jools Holland.[57][58][59][60]
Del Rey also performed two songs from the album on Saturday Night Live on January 14, 2012, and received a negative response from critics and the general public. Del Rey's performance was defended by the evening program's guest host, actor Daniel Radcliffe, despite not having seen her performance.[61] She had earlier defended her spot on the program, saying: "I'm a good musician [...] I have been singing for a long time, and I think that [SNL creator] Lorne Michaels knows that [...] it's not a fluke decision."[62] The following week on SNL, Kristen Wiig impersonated Del Rey where she humorously defended herself during Weekend Update.[63]
Born to Die was officially released on January 31, 2012, worldwide, and reached number one in 11 countries, though critical reaction was divided.[64][65] The same week, she announced she had bought back the rights to her 2010 debut album, and had plans to re-release it in the summer of 2012 under Interscope Records and Polydor.[66] Contrary to Del Rey's press statement, her previous record label and producer David Kahne have both stated that she bought the rights to the album when she and the label parted company, due to the offer of a new deal, in April 2010.[54][67] Born to Die sold 3.4 million copies in 2012, making it the fifth-best-selling album of 2012.[68][69][70] In the United States, Born to Die charted on the Billboard 200 album chart well into 2012, lingering at number 76, after 36 weeks on the chart.[71] In an interview with RTVE on June 15, 2012, she announced her new album would be out in November.[72] Mid-September saw the official announcement of Paradise's lead single, "Ride".[73][74]
On September 19, 2012, the music video for "Blue Velvet" was released through H&M.[75] One day later, on September 20, "Blue Velvet" became available for purchase as a promotional single. "Ride" became available for purchase on September 25, 2012. The music video for "Ride" was premiered at the Aero Theatre in Santa Monica, California on October 10, 2012.[76][77] Some critics panned the video as pro-prostitution[77][78] and antifeminist, the latter being a word attributed to Del Rey's work since "Video Games".[79][80]
Del Rey's Paradise Edition of Born to Die was set to be released on November 12. With the release of her third EP, Paradise, Del Rey spawned her second top 10 album in the United States, debuting at number 10 on the Billboard 200 with 67,000 copies sold in its first week.[81]
At the 2012 MTV Europe Music Awards, Del Rey received nominations in the categories Best Alternative, Best Push, and Best New Act. Winning Best Alternative, Del Rey presented the award for Best Female to Taylor Swift.[82] At the 2013 BRIT Awards, she won the award for International Female Solo Artist, making it her second BRIT Award to date.[83] Her win surprised critics who highly anticipated Taylor Swift to win the award.[83] In March 2013, she recited Walt Whitman's poem "Song of Myself" for the French fashion magazine, L'Officiel Paris.[84]
Del Rey's seventh single, "Dark Paradise", was released as a single in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland on March 1, 2013. Del Rey won the ECHO Awards for Best International Newcomer and Best International Pop/Rock Artist on March 21, 2013. A music video for Del Rey's cover of Leonard Cohen's "Chelsea Hotel#2" was released on March 27, 2013.[85] The following month, in April 2013, another self-produced video was released; it showed Del Rey and her boyfriend, Barrie-James O'Neil, covering "Summer Wine", by Lee Hazlewood. "Burning Desire" became available for purchase as a stand-alone download on March 19, 2013, as the second promotional single from Paradise; its music video was premiered the previous month on Valentine's Day of 2013.[86]
After the release of Paradise, Del Rey penned the original song "Young and Beautiful" for the soundtrack of the 2013 film adaptation of The Great Gatsby with director, co-writer, and co-producer Baz Luhrmann.[87]
Following the song's release, it peaked at 22 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it Del Rey's highest peak on the chart.[88] However, shortly after its release to contemporary hit radio, the label prematurely pulled it and decided to send a different song to that format; on July 2, 2013, a Cedric Gervais remix of Del Rey's "Summertime Sadness" was sent there; a sleeper hit, the song proved to be a success, surpassing "Young and Beautiful", reaching number 6 and becoming her first American top ten hit.[89] The remix won the Grammy Award for Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical in 2013.[90]
Alongside Paradise, Del Rey announced plans to launch a short film titled Tropico.[91][92] Tropico was filmed in late June 2013 and directed by Anthony Mandler.[92]
On November 22, 2013, an official trailer for Tropico was released; at the end of the trailer, it was announced that the film would be uploaded to Del Rey's official VEVO account on December 5, 2013.[93] The short film premiered on December 4 at Cinerama Dome in Hollywood. Before showing the film, Del Rey told the audience "I really just wanted us all to be together so I could try and visually close out my chapter before I release the new record, Ultraviolence".[94][95] Journalists identified the phrase from the Anthony Burgess' dystopian novel A Clockwork Orange (1962), but reports were conflicting as to whether or not the title was stylized as one or two words.[95][96] On December 6, 2013, an EP, also titled Tropico, was made available for purchase via iTunes; it includes the film itself along with the three aforementioned songs.[97][98]
2014–15: Ultraviolence and Honeymoon
On January 23, 2014, it was announced that Del Rey would be covering the song "Once Upon a Dream" (from the 1959 film Sleeping Beauty) for the 2014 dark fantasy film Maleficent. The single was released on January 26.[99]
On February 20, Del Rey posted a picture of herself and Dan Auerbach on Twitter with the caption "Me and Dan Auerbach are excited to present you Ultraviolence".[100]
The first single off Ultraviolence, "West Coast", was released on April 14.[101]
On May 23, Del Rey performed three songs at Kim Kardashian and Kanye West's pre-wedding celebration at the Palace of Versailles.[102] West had previously played Del Rey's "Young & Beautiful" during his proposal to Kardashian in October 2013.[103] "Shades of Cool", the second single, was released on May 26, 2014.[104] The third single and title track, "Ultraviolence", was released on June 4.[105] June 8 saw the release of the fourth single, "Brooklyn Baby".[106]
Ultraviolence was released on June 13, 2014, and debuted at number one in 12 countries, including the United States and United Kingdom. The album sold 880,000 copies in its first week, worldwide.[107] She described her third studio album as being "more stripped down but still cinematic and dark".[108]
A Rolling Stone article revealed that Del Rey would be a guest on Brian Wilson's forthcoming studio album No Pier Pressure.[109] Two new songs by Del Rey, "Big Eyes" and "I Can Fly", featured in Tim Burton's 2014 biographical film Big Eyes, which focused on the American artist Margaret Keane. "Big Eyes" was co-written by Daniel Heath, while "I Can Fly" was co-written by Rick Nowels.[110]
In December 2014, Del Rey announced she would be headlining a tour in Summer 2015, deemed "The Endless Summer Tour". Eight of the shows featured Courtney Love,[111] and ten of the shows featured Grimes. Also in December 2014, in an interview with Galore Magazine, Del Rey revealed she began working on a new album, which she said would be released sometime in 2015.[112] She told Grazia Magazine about how she wanted to introduce orchestrations with monumental choruses with a touch of subdued grunge for the album, "I played Mark Ronson ten songs that I have composed for this next album. It explores a sound close to the golden age of jazz", she said.[113] Earlier that month, Del Rey also mentioned to Galore Magazine that she is already at the recording stage for the album and that "[she's] also always writing small pieces for independent films etc. Dan Heath and Rick Nowels are two of my dearest friends and producers and we are always up to something."[114] In January 2015, Del Rey stated in an interview with the LA Times that a song on her new record would be titled "Music to Watch Boys To".[115] The same month, a song she recorded for Emile Haynie's album titled Wait for Life was released.[116] She also recorded "Life is Beautiful", a song featured in the trailer for the movie The Age of Adaline.
In June 2014, she said "I have this idea for this record called Music to Watch Boys To, so I'm just kind of thinking about that and what that would mean."[117] Del Rey later confirmed in an interview with Billboard that her new record would be entitled Honeymoon.[118]
On January 15, 2015, Del Rey received a BRIT Award nomination for International Female Solo Artist, her second nomination in the category and third overall.[119]
On July 14, 2015, Del Rey released "Honeymoon", the first and title track from the album.[120][121] She revealed that the album would contain fourteen tracks, describing the songs with "a muddy trap energy and some inspired by late-night Miles Davis drives".[122]
On August 4, 2015, Del Rey revealed the first single "High by the Beach", which was released on August 10, 2015.[123] On August 4, 2015, The Weeknd also revealed the track listing for his upcoming second studio album Beauty Behind the Madness which features a collaboration with Del Rey, entitled "Prisoner".[124] On August 21, 2015, she released "Terrence Loves You" as a promotional single, available instantly with the pre-order of the album.[125] The title track was later released as a promotional single on September 7, 2015.[126] Honeymoon was released on September 18, 2015[127] to general acclaim from music critics,[128] who praised the music and Del Rey's sophistication and vocal performance.
In November 2015, Del Rey executive produced a short film Hi How Are You Daniel Johnston, documenting the life of Daniel Johnston. For the film, she also covered one of Johnston's songs, called "Some Things Last a Long Time", from his album 1990. For the cover, she collaborated with producer Justin Parker.[129] Also in November 2015, Del Rey received the Trailblazer Award at the Billboard Women in Music ceremony[130] and won the MTV Europe Music Award for Best Alternative.[131]
2016–17: Lust for Life and collaborations
In October 2015, Del Rey announced that she planned writing material for her new record.[132][133] In January 2016, Del Rey was nominated with the "Favorite Female Artist" award at the People's Choice Awards, and she also received a Brit Award nomination for International Female Solo Artist, her third nomination in the category and fourth overall.[134][135] In February and March 2016, Del Rey and her managers, respectively, officially revealed that she began working on her fifth studio album, just months after releasing her fourth.[136][137]
On February 9, 2016, Del Rey hosted a premiere for the music video of her song "Freak". It was located at The Wiltern, in Los Angeles. The video debuted via Del Rey's VEVO on the same date. In December 2015, Del Rey started announcing festival dates for Europe and North America to promote Honeymoon.[138] She performed at these festivals from June 2016 to November 2016.
In 2016, Del Rey was featured on The Weeknd's third studio album Starboy,[139] providing backing vocals on "Party Monster" and lead vocals on "Stargirl Interlude".[140] "Party Monster", which Del Rey also co-wrote, was given single treatment[141] and subsequently reached the Top 20 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified platinum in the US.[142]
On March 29, 2017, Del Rey released a trailer online announcing her new record, Lust for Life.[143] About the album, Del Rey stated "I made my first 4 albums for me, but this one is for my fans and about where I hope we are all headed."[144] During a livestream in February, Del Rey described the aesthetic of the album as having a "retro sensibility with a futuristic flair". She released the official cover art for Lust for Life on April 11, 2017.
"Love", the lead single, preceded the album's announcement when its[143][145][146][147] Rich Lee-directed video was released in February on Vevo.[148] "Lust for Life", the epomonymous single featuring The Weeknd, was released on April 19, 2017.[149] Del Rey released the digital single "Coachella – Woodstock in My Mind" on May 15, 2017.[150] On July 12, BBC Radio 1 aired "Summer Bummer", which features ASAP Rocky and Playboi Carti, and "Groupie Love", which features Rocky as well.[151]
Lust for Life was officially released on July 21, 2017. The record featured the aforementioned collaborations with Playboi Carti, ASAP Rocky, and The Weeknd, as well as ones with Stevie Nicks and Sean Ono Lennon,[152][153][154] marking the first time she has featured other artists on her own release. The album received generally favorable reviews and became Del Rey's third number-one album in the United Kingdom, and second number-one album in the United States.[155][156] Lust for Life was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album for the 60th Grammy Awards, it was Del Rey's second nomination in the category.[157] On September 27, 2017, Del Rey announced the LA to the Moon Tour, an official concert tour with Jhené Aiko and Kali Uchis to further promote the album. The tour began in North America during January 2018[158] and concluded in August.
2018–present: Norman Fucking Rockwell and book
Del Rey was featured on Jonathan Wilson's album Rare Birds (2018), performing on a track entitled "Living with Myself".[159] Subsequently, Del Rey collaborated with synthpop artist Børns on his sophomore album Blue Madonna (2018), appearing on the single "God Save Our Young Blood" and "Blue Madonna".[160] On March 5, 2018, Del Rey's cover of Andrew Lloyd Webber's "You Must Love Me" was released as a promotional single for his compilation album, Unmasked: The Platinum Collection.[161] Del Rey's previously unreleased song "Elvis" appeared on the soundtrack for the Elvis Presley documentary The King (2018).[162] In August, Del Rey was featured on Cat Power's song "Woman" from her forthcoming studio album Wanderer.[163]
In August 2018, Del Rey received criticism after announcing her debut performance in Israel at the Meteor Festival due to controversy surrounding Palestinian-Israeli conflicts. Del Rey defended her then-upcoming performance by tweeting "I believe music is universal and should be used to bring us together … Performing in Tel Aviv is not a political statement or a commitment to the politics there, just like singing here in California doesn't mean my views are in alignment w[ith] my current government's opinions or sometimes inhuman actions."[164] Although Del Rey references Tel Aviv, the Meteor festival is scheduled to take place at Kibbutz Lehavot Habashan in the Upper Galilee region.[165][166] Del Rey cancelled her performance due to not being able to schedule an accompanying stop in the Palestinian territory.[167]
After Harvey Weinstein's sexual harassment and assault allegations gained widespread public notoriety in 2017, Del Rey announced she was retiring her 2012 track "Cola" from live shows. Del Rey publicly admitted how she did have "a Harvey Weinstein/Harry Winston-type of character in mind" when she wrote the song,[168][169] hence the lyric "Harvey's in the sky with diamonds and he's making me crazy", an apparent reference to Weinstein's alleged illicit sexual activities involving female stars.
On September 12, 2018, Del Rey released a new single titled "Mariners Apartment Complex".[170] On September 18, she released the song "Venice Bitch", and announced the title of her sixth album to be Norman Fucking Rockwell, set to be released in early 2019.[171] Del Rey premiered the track "How to Disappear", expected to feature on the album, at an Apple Music event on October 30, 2018.[172] On December 5, 2018, MTV reported that Norman Fucking Rockwell would be released on March 29, 2019.[173] On January 9, 2019, "Hope Is a Dangerous Thing for a Woman like Me to Have – but I Have It" was released as the third single from the album.[174]
Upon debuting "Venice Bitch" on September 18, 2018, Del Rey announced her plans to self-publish a book of poetry, tentatively titled Violet Bent Backwards Over the Grass.[175][176]
Musical style
Del Rey's musical sound has been dubbed "Hollywood sadcore" by music critics.[177][178] Her music has been repeatedly noted for its cinematic sound and its references to various aspects of pop culture, particularly that of 1950s and 1960s Americana.[c] Del Rey elaborated on this in an interview with Artistdirect, saying "I wasn't even born in the '50s but I feel like I was there."[185]
Associated with several styles, Del Rey's music has been tagged broadly as dream pop[186][187] or baroque pop[188][189][190] linked to various forms of rock,[191][192] indie music,[193] and trip hop,[194][195][196] and often touching on styles such as hip hop,[197] trap music,[198] and psychedelic rock on particular releases.[199] Of Born to Die, indie music journal Drowned in Sound wrote, "She likes that whole hip hop thing though, has this whole swagger thing going that not many girls like her got", adding that it sounded like a poppier Bond soundtrack.[200]
Del Rey's subsequent releases would introduce variant styles, particularly Ultraviolence, which employed a guitar-based sound akin to psychedelic and desert rock.[201] Kenneth Partridge of Billboard noted this shift in style, writing: "She sings about drugs, cars, money, and the bad boys she's always falling for, and while there remains a sepia-toned mid-century flavor to many of these songs, [Del Rey] is no longer fronting like a thugged-out Bette Davis."[202] Upon the release of Honeymoon, one reviewer characterized Del Rey's body of work as being "about music as a time warp, with her languorous croons over molasses-like arrangements meant to make clock hands seem to move so slowly that it feels possible, at times, they might go backwards."[203]
Del Rey has been described as a "self-styled gangsta Nancy Sinatra" and "Lolita lost in the hood."[204]
Prior to coming to prominence under the stage name Lana Del Rey, she performed under the names Lizzy Grant, Lana Rey Del Mar,[205] Sparkle Jump Rope Queen,[206] and May Jailer.[207] Under the stage name Lizzy Grant, she referred to her music as "Hawaiian glam metal",[208] while the work of her May Jailer project was acoustic.[207][209][210]
Del Rey cites a wide array of musical artists as influences, including numerous performers from the mid-twentieth century, including Andrew Lloyd Webber,[211] Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, Cat Power, Fiona Apple, Hope Sandoval, Father John Misty, Antony and the Johnsons, Nina Simone, Billie Holiday, Julie London,[212] Bobby Vinton, The Crystals, Miles Davis, The Shangri-Las, Janis Joplin, Axl Rose, The Eagles, Lou Reed, Bob Seger, and Bruce Springsteen.[213] "[I really] just like the masters of every genre", she told BBC radio presenter Jo Whiley.[214] Her favorite artists include Bob Dylan, Frank Sinatra, Jeff Buckley, Joan Baez, Leonard Cohen, and Eminem.[215] She covered Cohen's "Chelsea Hotel #2" in 2013.[85] Janis Joplin's live version of "Summertime" from the Cheap Thrills album is one of Del Rey's favorite songs. Del Rey has also cited "Time of the Season" by The Zombies and "Hotel California" by The Eagles as favorites and inspirations.[216]
Her favorite films, The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, and American Beauty have also inspired her musical style.[217] Inspired by poetry, Del Rey cites Walt Whitman and Allen Ginsberg as instrumental to her songwriting; specifically, she named Leaves of Grass by Whitman and "Howl" by Ginsberg. Her song, "Body Electric" from her third EP, Paradise, alludes to Whitman in the lyric, "Whitman is my daddy". The song's chorus of "I sing the body electric" is a direct reference to Whitman's poem "I Sing The Body Electric".[216][218] She recited Whitman's poem "Song of Myself" for the French fashion magazine, L'Officiel Paris.[84] Del Rey has also cited the surrealist film directors David Lynch and Federico Fellini and the surrealist painters Mark Ryden and Pablo Picasso as influences.[185][219]
Voice and timbre
Del Rey possesses an expansive contralto vocal range, which spans three-plus octaves and has been described as captivating and highly emotive, ranging from high notes in a girlish timbre to jazzy ornaments in her lower gesture with great ease.[220][221][222][223] Following the release of Ultraviolence, which was recorded live in single takes and lacking Pro Tools vocal editing, critics fell into favor with Del Rey's vocal ability, praising her large range, increased vocal confidence, and uniquely emotive delivery.[224][225][226] When recording in the studio Del Rey is known for vocal multi-layering, which, as it has been noted, is difficult for her to replicate within a live setting, especially with the lack of backing singers to fill out the original vocal style.[220] Stage fright has also been noted as a major contribution to Del Rey's struggles with live performances.[227] However, journalists noted in 2014 that her live performances had increased exponentially in confidence. Billboard deemed the Coachella debut of "West Coast" to be a "star-making performance" and lauded the singer's vocal abilities.[228][229] Contemporary music critics have called her voice "smoky",[230] "gravelly",[208] and reminiscent of Marilyn Monroe.[208] Upon the 2015 release of Honeymoon, her voice was compared by Los Angeles Times critic Mikael Wood to those of Julee Cruise and Eartha Kitt.[231]
Del Rey started the use of her lower vocals on the tracks from Born to Die, claiming that "people weren't taking me very seriously, so I lowered my voice, believing that it would help me stand out. Now I sing quite low... well, for a female anyway".[232][233][234]
"I sing low now, but my voice used to be a lot higher. Because of the way I look, I needed something to ground the entire project. Otherwise I think people would assume I was some airhead singer. Well, I don't think... I know. I've sung one way, and sung another, and I've seen what people are drawn to", she said on the topic.[22]
Live performances
Critics have noted Del Rey for her typically simple, but authentic live performances.[235] A September 2017 concert review published in The New York Times noted: "For more than an hour, Ms. Del Rey was eerily casual, singing and smiling with the ease of someone performing at singer-songwriter night at the local coffee shop."[235] Another review by Roy Train published in The Hollywood Reporter in 2014 noted "a distance in her bonhomie, obvious even from my perch at the opposite end of the stage high above the fray, the chill still palpable."[236]
Other ventures
In 2010, Del Rey acted in a short film called Poolside, which she made with several friends on a reported budget of $400.[237]
On January 4, 2012, it was reported she had signed a deal with Next Model Management agency.[238] H&M confirmed that Del Rey would be modeling and recording a cover version of the popular 1950s prom anthem "Blue Velvet" for their 2012 Autumn Campaign.[239] H&M's 2012 Winter campaign, featuring Lana Del Rey, was released on October 12. This is the second H&M campaign Lana Del Rey is featured in.[240][241]
In May 2012, British fashion house Mulberry released the "Del Rey" bag, inspired by its namesake's signature style.[242] On August 22, 2012, executives announced that Del Rey would endorse their new Jaguar F-Type which was unveiled by Del Rey at the Paris Motor Show in September 2012. Adrian Hallmark, Jaguar's global brand director, explained their choice, saying Del Rey had "a unique blend of authenticity and modernity".[243]
The song "Burning Desire", which was initially available for immediate digital download upon pre-ordering Del Rey's third EP, Paradise, was later made available for purchase on Amazon.com and 7digital as a stand-alone download on March 19, 2013, one month after its music video hit YouTube. The song serves as the title track to a 13-minute promotional short film for the Jaguar F-Type, called Desire. The film, directed by Adam Smith, was produced by Ridley Scott and stars Damian Lewis.[244][245]
In 2014, James Franco announced his plans to release Flip-Side: Real and Imaginary Conversations with Lana Del Rey, which was slated for release in February 2015, but left unreleased for unknown reasons.[246]
In 2015, Del Rey donated funds to help produce Hi, How Are You Daniel Johnston?, a short documentary on singer-songwriter Daniel Johnston.[247] Upon attending the film's premiere with Johnston and director Gabe Sunday, she said: "The one thing I hoped is that he [Johnston] understood that while he's home alone doing his art still – he says he writes every day – that he knows that he really did make a difference in people's lives. He made a difference in mine."[247]
In an interview for L'Officiel's first American edition in early 2018, when asked about Del Rey's interest in making a movie she responded that she had been approached to write a Broadway musical and had recently begun work on it. When asked how long it would be until completion of the work, Del Rey coyly replied, "I may finish in two or three years."[248][249]
On November 3, 2018, Del Rey was announced to be the face for Gucci's Guilty Fragrances, alongside Jared Leto.[250] The duo are expected to star in a print-and-television campaign, slated to debut in January 2019.[251]
Public image
Prior to the release of her debut major label album Born to Die in 2012, Del Rey was the subject of several articles discussing her image and career trajectory.[d] One article by Paul Harris published by The Guardian just a week before the album's release noted the differences between Del Rey's perceived persona in 2008, when she performed as Lizzy Grant, and in the present, as Lana Del Rey.[253] Harris wrote:
The internet has allowed figures like [Del Rey] to come rapidly to the fore of the cultural landscape, whether or not their emergence is planned by a record executive or happens spontaneously from someone's bedroom. It has speeded up the fame cycle. It is worth noting that the huge backlash to Del Rey is happening before her first album has even been released. This reveals a cultural obsession with the "authenticity" that fans, artists and corporations all prize above all else.[253]
Tony Simon, a producer who had worked with Del Rey in 2009, defended her against the public claims of inauthenticity and allegations that she was a product of her record label: "To be clear, all the detractors saying she's some made-up-by-the-machine pop star are full of shit. While it's impossible to keep the businesses' hands out the pop when creating a pop star, the roots of where this all comes from are firmly inside of Lizzy Grant."[34]
Del Rey would later respond to this in a 2017 interview, stating: "I didn't edit myself [on Born to Die] when I could have, because a lot of it's just the way it was. I mean, because I've changed a lot and a lot of those songs, it's not that I don't relate but… A lot of it too is I was just kinda nervous. I came off sort of nervously, and there was just a lot of dualities, a lot of juxtapositions going on that maybe just felt like something was a little off. Maybe the thing that was off was that I needed a little more time or something, and also my path was just so windy just to get to having a first record. I feel like I had to figure it out all by myself. Every move was just guesswork."[255] Del Rey has been labeled a "sad girl" through her music and image.[256][257]
Having been labeled as antifeminist multiple times in the past,[77][79][80] Del Rey dismissed feminism in June 2014, telling The Fader: "For me, the issue of feminism is just not an interesting concept. I'm more interested in, you know, SpaceX and Tesla, what's going to happen with our intergalactic possibilities. Whenever people bring up feminism, I'm like, God. I'm just not really that interested."[258]
She also defended herself against the accusations of antifeminism, saying "For me, a true feminist is someone who is a woman who does exactly what she wants. If my choice is to, I don't know, be with a lot of men, or if I enjoy a really physical relationship, I don't think that's necessarily being anti-feminist. For me the argument of feminism never really should have come into the picture. Because I don't know too much about the history of feminism, and so I'm not really a relevant person to bring into the conversation. Everything I was writing was so autobiographical, it could really only be a personal analysis."[259]
In February 2017, Del Rey implied she had plans to take part in a magic binding ritual against Donald Trump on or about February 24, March 26, April 24, May 23,[260] which she again confirmed in July 2017.[261][262]
Personal life
Del Rey stated that she suffered from alcoholism at a young age, but has been sober since 2004.[15] In September 2012, she told GQ:
I was a big drinker at the time. I would drink every day. I would drink alone. I thought the whole concept was so fucking cool. A great deal of what I wrote on Born to Die is about these wilderness years. When I write about the thing that I've lost I feel like I'm writing about alcohol because that was the first love of my life. My parents were worried, I was worried. I knew it was a problem when I liked it more than I liked doing anything else. I was like, 'I'm fucked. I am totally fucked'. Like, at first it's fine and you think you have a dark side – it's exciting – and then you realise the dark side wins every time if you decide to indulge in it. It's also a completely different way of living when you know that... a different species of person. It was the worst thing that ever happened to me.[263]
She was in a relationship with Kassidy member Barrie-James O'Neill from August 2011 until June 2014.[264][265] Previously, she was in a relationship with alternative rock and anti-folk musician Steven Mertens, who produced her debut album, Lana Del Ray, before it was re-recorded by David Kahne.[16]
Del Rey moved to a home near Hancock Park in Los Angeles in June 2014 (after living in New York City and London, England in the previous years), and she resided there with her siblings, Caroline and Charlie, for some time.[266] She relocated to a secluded beach-front home in Malibu, California, in June 2015, after dealing with trespassers at her former house.[267] She also purchased two adjacent mansions (in addition to her Malibu home) in Studio City, Los Angeles in September 2016.[268]
Del Rey is Roman Catholic.[269]
- Lana Del Ray (2010)
- Born to Die (2012)
- Ultraviolence (2014)
- Honeymoon (2015)
- Lust for Life (2017)
- Norman Fucking Rockwell (2019)
- Poolside (2010)
- Ride (2012)
- Tropico (2013)
- Freak (2016)
- Headlining
- Born to Die Tour (2011–2012)[270]
- Paradise Tour (2013–2014)[270]
- The Endless Summer Tour (2015)
- Festival Tour (2016)
- LA to the Moon Tour (2018)
Awards and nominations
Del Rey's work has earned her numerous awards and nominations; she has won the Q Award for "Best New Thing", a GQ Award for "Woman of the Year", two BRIT Awards for "International Breakthrough Act" and "International Female Solo Artist", and an EMA for "Best Alternative Act".
In 2013, she received her first Grammy nominations at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards. These nominations include Best Pop Vocal Album for Paradise and Best Song Written for Visual Media for "Young and Beautiful".[271]
In 2015, Del Rey won the MTV Europe Music Award for "Best Alternative". She also received the Trailblazer Award at the 2015 Billboard Women in Music event.[272]
In 2016, Del Rey received "Best Female Artist of the Year" award from The Elle Style Awards by Elle magazine.[273]
In 2018, Del Rey received her fourth Grammy nomination at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards, in the category Best Pop Vocal Album for Lust for Life.[274]
- ^ It was noted in articles published in Rolling Stone[10] the Irish Independent,[25] Clash,[26] and Yahoo[27] that Del Rey attended the Kent School on financial aid.
- ^ In mid-2012, Spinner[35] and NME[36] published articles regarding the leak of an album titled Sirens, recorded circa 2005 and attributed to Del Rey, who had recorded the songs under the stage name May Jailer.[37][38][39]
- ^ Both critics and Del Rey herself have noted a persistent theme of Americana in her music. Articles published in The Huffington Post[179] The New Yorker,[180] Idolator,[181][182] Art+Action,[183] and Vulture[184] have noted this.
- ^ Several articles were published prior to the release of Born to Die that noted critical and public perceptions regarding the evolution of Del Rey's image. The presence of such thinkpieces circulating was noted in a 2011 Pitchfork article,[252] and would later be written on extensively in articles published in The Guardian[253] and Spin.[254]


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$460 pw
13A Scott Street,
Belfield, NSW 2191
- 2 Beds
- 1 Bath
- 1 Car
Contact for Bond
Available 7th March 2019
Rent ID: 2221378
Near new 2 bedroom granny flat offering,
tiled flooring throughout, spacious living area with split system air-conditioning, built-in wardrobe in main bedroom, modern kitchen & bathroom, internal laundry, private driveway parking with remote security gate and side courtyard and in a great location next to shops.
Main Features
2 Bedrooms
1 Bathroom
1 Car port
Inspection times
Inspections are by appointment only.Book inspection
The NBN™ availability for this property is unknown.
Walk Score®
This property is very walkable with most errands able to be accomplished on foot. There is some transit available from here with a few nearby public transportation options.
- 90-100
- Walker's Paradise
- Daily errands do not require a car
- 70-89
- Very Walkable
- Most errands can be accomplished on foot
- 50-69
- Somewhat Walkable
- Some errands can be accomplished on foot
- 25-49
- Car Dependent
- Most errands require a car
- 0-24
- Car Dependent
- Almost all errands require a car
- 90-100
- Rider's Paradise
- World-class public transportation
- 70-89
- Excellent Transit
- Transit is convenient for most trips
- 50-69
- Good Transit
- Many nearby public transportation options
- 25-49
- Some Transit
- A few nearby public transportation options
- 0-24
- Minimal Transit
- It is possible to get on a bus
Top 3 features for Belfield
Lifestyle in Belfield
Rental Insights
Per Week
Other houses in
Median Rent Per Week
Walk to everything from 13A Scott Street, Belfield. This 2 bedroom, 1 bathroom property is unfurnished and ready to make your own.
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Furthermore the chrome devices have a more modern look and feel to them making them a popular choice for newer houses across the country as apposed to the traditional look of black iron door knockers. In what is perhaps the most famous scene from Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol Ebenezer Scrooge receives a dreadful fright from his departed partner Jacob Marley. When the rich old curmudgeon reaches for his door knocker it takes the form of the dead mans face for a brief moment. It serves as a frightening preview of the ghosts that haunt Scrooge throughout the night. Although its one of the most famous literary scenes involving a knocker it wouldnt work today.
This design is now used on any home and offers a bold example of a classic pattern. Sizes range from 6 inch to 8 inches: Traditional Door Knockers: Sometimes simplicity is best if you are looking for a classic pattern that will not be a focal point on the door merely used to accent existing hardware. The traditional knocker is a basic design most traditional utilizing a ring and plate installed directly to the door to prevent damage. These knockers are usually unadorned or with a simple roped pattern. Mythological Door Knockers Larger doors can support much larger and much more ornate designs.
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The simple or elegant door knockers would somehow transform the entire appearance of their doorways and entryways. There are a lot of different designs and styles of knockers that are available on line in which you could choose from. Just like any other home furnitures the purpose of chrome door knockers is not only to relay to the people inside that someone is coming but at the same time to enhance the appearance of your doorway and provide additional attraction. The structural design of the knockers is made up of two parts. The first part was fixed to the door and the other part which was attached by a hinge and used to strike a plate fitted to the door or to the door itself which help the occupants to know that someone is outside.


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( 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 )
Listing Expired for: 1934 Ford Hot Rod
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Chemical Peels can peel the signs of aging from your skin. FACT
Dermatologists use chemical peels to do just this. A chemical peel can diminish many signs of aging on the face, hands, neck and chest.
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Transform your photos into one-of-a-kind, hand painted masterpieces!
The watermark in the lower right corner of the image will not appear on the final print.
Suttle by Dominique Jorgensen - 6.625" x 10.000"
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Framed Print
Suttle framed print by Dominique Jorgensen. Bring your print to life with hundreds of different frame and mat combinations. Our framed prints are assembled, packaged, and shipped by our expert framing staff and delivered "ready to hang" with pre-attached hanging wire, mounting hooks, and nails.
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very beautiful....
Wonderful artistic vision, very nice work : )
Really nice work on this shot Dominique.
Fine Art America offers over 250 different frames at wholesale prices.
Fine Art America is one of the largest, most-respected custom framers in the world. We stock over 250 different frames which can be used to create museum-quality masterpieces from any print. All framed prints are assembled, packaged, and shipped by our expert framing staff within 3 - 4 business days and arrive "ready to hang" with pre-attached hanging wire, mounting hooks, and nails. Our wholesale buying power allows us to offer frame prices which are typically 25 - 40% less than retail frame shops.
Average Rating (4.92 Stars):
Myron Walzel
February 22nd, 2019
Daniel Swain
February 21st, 2019
This pic was taken in morning light. This was one of my favorite of the purple morn glories pics I took that morning.
My name is Dominique Jorgensen I am a American poet and recently took up photography. I live in southern Baldwin County, Alabama were I get the best of all worlds. I have traveled all over the country and enjoy seeing the beauty in all things. All of my pictures are all natural, raw photography. My photos have been in local publications, web publications and television. I use no computer touch ups, crops, or any other computer magic unless stated otherwise. All of my photos are by chance encounters in the truest of natures blessings. I hope you enjoy them.
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May 18, 2015
Can you hear that? That's the buzz of the Internet swarming around content marketing. The field is increasing so quickly that Google search results for 'content marketing' outnumber those of 'Barack Obama' by more than a...read more
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Legalese is a secret language invented to trick you. It uses English words but attaches secret meanings to those words with the sole intention of stopping you believing that what they are saying to you has nothing to do with the normal meaning in the English language. Their purpose is to cheat you and rob you. For example, they will say to you "Do you understand?" . In English, that means "Do you comprehend what I am saying to you?" and the automatic response would be "Yes", meaning "I do comprehend what you are saying to me". But these sneaky, underhand people have changed the meaning in Legalese to mean "Do you stand under me?" meaning "Do you grant me authority over you so that you have to obey whatever I tell you to do?". What makes it even worse, is the fact that they will never tell you that they have switched from English to Legalese, and if that is not dishonest, underhand and unscrupulous, then I don't know what is! If you answer the question believing that English is being spoken, then they pretend that you are contracting with them to become subordinate to them. Whether or not […] → Full article The secret language called legalese
Legalese and Pig Latin v The people who are made Sovereign by Our Constitution v The Parliament who are Neither Sovereign nor Supreme. I and many others have entered Our Courts and have been slapped in the face with first, Your name in Pig Latin. Second the case is conducted in Legalese. We have never consented to any of the Criminal Rubbish. We have stated No Contract, No Liability which is correct except for one issue – the issue of consent without your knowledge. Do Not think about how they do it because it is in their Acts and Statutes. I have been involved in the court system for 43 years and have seen our system move from Our Rule of Law to their rule of law, meaning the presumption of innocence has been replaced Unlawfully with the Roman system of guilty until you prove you are Not. The relentless attack on my person and my friends over the last couple of weeks by Government Trolls has led me to read all of my previous cases before and after I worked in the Police Force. We have always had the answer to all of their Nonsense. There are Two very […] → Full article Legalese and pig Latin v the people
According to Section 44 of our Constitution ANYONE who supports a foreign power like the UN—CANNOT be in Government office. Turnbull, Bishop, Labor, Greens are all traitors to the Australian Constitution and need to lose their seats immediately. Our judiciary are in breach as well. The UN was started by Communists. It is a foreign Power with its own funding, government and army. It wants to be the dominant World Government. It promotes the rights of children, women and indigenous to cripple the influence families, marriage and especially our men. It wants to destroy private ownership of land and business for global free trade and wealth redistribution. The UN Lima agreement has killed our farmers and manufacturing sectors. It is influencing our judiciary and must be stopped. OUR CONSTITUTION says— "NO to the UN". Get rid of these traitors…we want our country back.
THE TWELVE PRESUMPTIONS OF COURT Canon 3228 A Roman Court does not operate according to any true rule of law, but by presumptions of the law. Therefore, if presumptions presented by the private Bar Guild are not rebutted they become fact and are therefore said to stand true [Or as "truth in commerce"]. There are twelve (12) key presumptions asserted by the private Bar Guilds which if unchallenged stand true being Public Record, Public Service, Public Oath, Immunity, Summons, Custody, Court of Guardians, Court of Trustees, Government as Executor/Beneficiary, Executor De Son Tort, Incompetence, and Guilt: The Presumption of Public Recordis that any matter brought before a lower Roman Courts is a matter for the public record when in fact it is presumed by the members of the private Bar Guild that the matter is a private Bar Guild business matter. Unless openly rebuked and rejected by stating clearly the matter is to be on the Public Record, the matter remains a private Bar Guild matter completely under private Bar Guild rules; and The Presumption of Public Serviceis that all the members of the Private Bar Guild who have all sworn a solemn secret absolute oath to their Guild then […] → Full article The twelve presumptions of court
Using reasonable force against intruders You can use reasonable force to protect yourself or others if a crime is taking place inside your home This means you can: Home Crime, justice and the law Your rights and the law Using reasonable force against intruders Home Crime, justice and the law Your rights and the law Using reasonable force against intruders Home Crime, justice and the law Your rights and the law Using reasonable force against intruders You can use reasonable force to protect yourself or others if a crime is taking place inside your home. This means you can: protect yourself 'in the heat of the moment' – this includes using an object as a weapon stop an intruder running off – eg tackle them to the ground There's no specific definition of 'reasonable force' – it depends on the circumstances. If you only did what you honestly thought was necessary at the time, this would provide strong evidence that you acted within the law. Read guidance from the Crown Prosecution Service. You don't have to wait to be attacked before defending yourself in your home. However, you could be prosecuted if, for example, you: carry on attacking the intruder […] → Full article reasonable force against intruders
FEQUENTLY USED WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE COURTROOM Affidavit A written statement made on oath, given in the place of verbal evidence Affirmation A declaration made instead of taking an oath Appellate Court/Jurisdiction Court or Jurisdiction which has the power to hear appeals Application A request made to a Court, eg., application for bail, application for an adjournment Arraign/ Arraignment The reading of the charges to the accused in a criminal matter and the recording of the accused's answers as to whether he/she pleads guilty or not guilty Balance of probabilities The onus or standard of proof required in civil matters Beyond reasonable doubt The onus of proof required in criminal cases. Burden of proof The obligation to prove what is alleged. In a criminal trial the burden of proof is upon the prosecution, the accused does not have to prove anything. In a civil trial it is the plaintiff or claiming party which has the onus of proof Case Conference A pre-trial hearing which initiates the hearing of the case in Court. Under the guidance of the Judge (in Crime) parties attempt to resolve issues prior to the formal trial commencing Charge (to jury) Directions given to the Jury […] → Full article Frequently used words and phrases in the court room
Maritime Admiralty Law Conspiracy "Nothing in this world, nothing, works the way you think it does. There's always more to the story." – Jordan Maxwell Disclaimer: When I wrote this post I had no idea how popular it would become. I found the topic interesting to say the least and I thought my readers would as well. The materials available in this post are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. When you read anything online, don't let it be the ending point in your research, rather let it be the beginning. I recommend that you do your own research and investigations on any topic and come to your own conclusions. I added source links at the end of this post so you can begin to connect the dots yourself. Is it possible that these nautical terms were merely transferred to the land when transportation became more regionalized with the advent of trains and motor vehicles? It's very possible. Either way, this post is meant to be food for thought! Maritime Have you noticed how many Maritime words are commonly used today? Maritime words relate to nautical, sea/ocean, shipping, and navigation. The term 'Nautical' […] → Full article maritime/admiralty law conspiracy
The "new method" of instituting proceedings The Criminal Justice Act created a "new method" of instituting proceedings. After a pilot scheme, all police forces in Australia were given authority to use the new method. Criminal proceedings for summary only offences may be commenced by charge (usually at a police station), summons or the "new method" – Written Charge and Requisition. Alternatively, a Single Justice Procedure Notice may be issued with the Written Charge. Historically, a summons would normally be issued by the court after an "information" is laid at court by the police. The "new method" allows a relevant prosecutor to commence proceedings without reference to the court. A relevant prosecutor may institute criminal proceedings by issuing a document – "a written charge" which charges a person with an offence. Where a relevant prosecutor issues a written charge, it must at the same time issue a "requisition document" – which requires the person to appear before a magistrates' court to answer the written charge. A requisition may be contained in the same document as a written charge, and contain more than one offence. The written charge and requisition must be served on the person concerned, and a copy of each […] → Full article new method of instituting proceedings
"Not Guilty" – Do you know what you're actually saying when uttering these words? Many do not think twice when pleading "Not Guilty" in a court. However, do you truly understand what this means and the impact it has on the matter at hand? The mere fact that a "defendant" is attending court is an admission of guilt as an unresolved controversy exists and the accuser eg the plaintiff believes a wrong exists and requires resolution or compensation from the defendant. Hence, by the act of turning up, the defendant is already guilty. First of all, what is "court"? Simply put, you're already in court when interacting with the opposite party…you're there to make law/contract. Hence, the first court appearance has already been held with the opposite party and the reason for a Court appearance in a State/Federal Court is to adjudicate on the controversy created by the defendant according to the plaintiff. Pleading not Guilty. Where does the word "guilty" come from? From Canon Law here Canon 3147 The word Guilty originates from 14th Century English / Dutch gilde, from 13th Century Venetian / Italian gilda meaning "guild, payment (in gold), debt or fine owed to the guild". […] → Full article Understanding not guilty
Common Law vs Statutes Living by the Rule of Law by Roger Hayes Few of us would disagree that the world would be a better place if we all lived by the rule-of-law – but can the same be said about living by the rule of statute? The writer thinks not. In making the case that 'the law' benefits our society as a whole but 'statutes' benefit special interest groups and have become a negative factor in our lives let me first put forward my views as to what the differences between laws and statutes are. Here follows a summary of my interpretation of the differences (not necessarily in order of importance, sometimes repeated and definitely not exhaustive) – please feel free to challenge me if you disagree. Warning: My assumptions are based on my own logic and reasoning – I have the benefit of not having been 'trained' to think like a barrister or a solicitor – in fact I have not been 'trained' to think like anybody – I tend to think for myself, which it appears very few people do these days… most preferring it seems to being 'guided' conveniently to the same conclusions as the ruling […] → Full article Common law v statutes


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Seeking Teaching Artist Apprentices!
PearlArts Studios extensions (PASe) is looking for current seniors and recent graduates/continued education students interested in movement and arts education! We are offering a paid apprenticeship opportunity through our 6-week Teaching Artist Apprenticeship Program! PASe provides dance programming in underserved communities for youth in grades k-8 through both in-school and out-of-school programming. Apprentices must be willing to travel to Propel East and Propel Braddock Hills Middle Schools.
Each week, apprentices will observe our teaching artists at work and then receive hands-on training. Apprentices will also receive professional development from our Education Director, Genna Styles, BFA, M.Ed, Ed.D Candidate in Out of School Learning at the University of Pittsburgh, and PASe instructors. By the end of the 6 weeks, apprentices will be ready to go from training to teaching with the potential of joining our PASe team.
Program Details / Tasks:
Pre Program: orientation with some of the top professionals in dance, dance education, and teaching artistry.
Week 1: Observe classroom environments and support creative after school programs in multiple setting and styles
Week 2: Observe and grow while leading sections of class assigned by lead teaching artists.
Week 3: Observe and support by contributing to lesson plans.
Week 4: Receive valuable coaching and potential opportunity to Co-teach an assigned lesson.
Week 5: Refine and Reflect on the practice thus far through structured feedback.
Week 6: Apply feedback and lead full class(s).
Post Program: Exit interview and Potential job opportunities
Sessions are Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday from 1-5:30 with a short break.
Shared philosophical values inherent in PearlArts Studios mission
Prior experience working with children from K-8th grade a plus.
Excellent oral and written communication skills
Excellent interpersonal skills with the ability to work collaboratively promoting Education Programs
Demonstrates collaborative skills, accepts constructive criticism and implements effective problem-solving.
Ability to interact with the diverse constituents in age, background, and roles such as parents, students, donors, teachers, and key community partners.
Obtain required clearances.
Must have valid driver's license and a car.
Receive a stipend of $800 for the 6 weeks.
PASe will reimburse the cost of obtaining required clearances (with submission of receipts).
Access to free classes and Performances at PearlArts Studios and from STAYCEE PEARL dance project & Soy Sos
Provided invaluable professional development and observation opportunities
Mentorship (professional + personal)
Dedicated workspace