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Not getting enough restful sleep can trigger anxiety. Stress and anxiety can also interfere with sleep and cause you to stay awake at night. It can be a frustrating cycle when the stressors of the day and future worries cause you stay up at night. Take some time to wind down before bed such as utilizing some of the above relaxation and meditation strategies. Also, instead of letting your mind continuously race at night, try putting your thoughts, worries, and plans for the next day on paper before bed. This will ease your anxiety about forgetting something you need to accomplish in the future and allow you to relax and rest.
Panic disorder is thought to have a psychobiological conceptualization (Craske & Barlow, 2007). This does not mean that panic attacks are due to a biological disease. What this does mean is that there are certain biological factors that may be inherited or passed on through genes, and thus may lead some people to be more likely than others to experience panic disorder symptoms. This is likely why panic disorder seems to run in families. In other words, if one family member has panic disorder, the other family members are more likely to experience panic symptoms or panic disorder compared to people without a family history of panic disorder. It is very important to note that just inheriting these vulnerabilities to panic does not make the onset of panic attacks inevitable or unalterable. In fact, it is possible to think and act in ways that prevent panic attacks.
Loved ones, as well as medical personnel, generally attempt to reassure the panic attack sufferer that he or she is not in great danger. However, these efforts at reassurance can sometimes add to the patient's struggles. If the doctors say things like, "it's nothing serious," "it's all in your head," or "nothing to worry about," this may give the false impression that there is no real problem, they should be able to overcome their symptoms without help, and that treatment is not possible or necessary. More accurately, while panic attacks can undoubtedly be serious, they are not organ-threatening. Therefore, for people who might wonder what to do to help the panic sufferer at the time of an anxiety attack, a more effective approach tends to be acknowledge their fear and the intensity of their symptoms while reassuring the person having the panic attack that what is occurring is not life-threatening and can be treated.
Exposure therapy for panic disorder allows you to experience the physical sensations of panic in a safe and controlled environment, giving you the opportunity to learn healthier ways of coping. You may be asked to hyperventilate, shake your head from side to side, or hold your breath. These different exercises cause sensations similar to the symptoms of panic. With each exposure, you become less afraid of these internal bodily sensations and feel a greater sense of control over your panic.
Benzodiazepines, including alprazolam (Xanax) and lorazepam (Ativan), may be prescribed for patients to help with more acute symptoms of panic disorder. These drugs alleviate symptoms quickly and have fewer side effects other than drowsiness, but frequent use may lead to dependence on the medication. They are not recommended for patients who have alcohol or substance abuse issues.
A person with panic disorder experiences sudden and repeated panic attacks—episodes of intense fear and discomfort that reach a peak within a few minutes—during which time the individual experiences physical symptoms such as chest pain, heart palpitations, breathlessness, vertigo, or abdominal distress, sometimes accompanied by the fear of dying or of going insane. These symptoms may seem similar to those of a heart attack or other life-threatening medical conditions. Panic disorder is often diagnosed after medical tests or emergency room visits have ruled out other serious illnesses.
Adoration Aesthetic emotions Affection Agitation Agony Amusement Anger Anguish Annoyance Anxiety Apathy Arousal Attraction Awe Boredom Calmness Compassion Contempt Contentment Defeat Depression Desire Disappointment Disgust Ecstasy Embarrassment Vicarious Empathy Enthrallment Enthusiasm Envy Euphoria Excitement Fear Flow (psychology) Frustration Gratitude Grief Guilt Happiness Hatred Hiraeth Homesickness Hope Horror Hostility Humiliation Hygge Hysteria Infatuation Insecurity Insult Interest Irritation Isolation Jealousy Joy Limerence Loneliness Longing Love Lust Melancholy Mono no aware Neglect Nostalgia Panic Passion Pity Pleasure Pride hubris Rage Regret Rejection Remorse Resentment Sadness Saudade Schadenfreude Sehnsucht Sentimentality Shame Shock Shyness Sorrow Spite Stress Suffering Surprise Sympathy Tenseness Wonder Worry
This may sound counter-intuitive but trying to accept one's emotional experience can be very helpful during panic attacks. Remind yourself that anxiety is like a wave, what goes up must come down. Fighting against the experience engages the "fear of fear" cycle that can make you feel even worse. If you notice panic symptoms creeping up, label your experience and you remind yourself, "I will be okay. This will pass in time." Accepting your experience, rather than fighting against it, will likely help your panic symptoms reduce more quickly and will feel easier along the way.
It is important to note that genetic factors can also bestow resilience to anxiety disorders, and the field continues to pursue large-scale genomics studies to identify novel genetic factors that are associated with anxiety disorders in hopes of better understanding biological pathways that: 1) contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety; and 2) may lead to better treatment for these disorders. Most people are not aware of what specific genetic markers they may have that confer risk for anxiety disorders, so a straightforward way to approximate genetic risk is if an individual has a history of anxiety disorders in their family. While both nature and nurture can be at play with family history, if several people have anxiety disorders it is likely that a genetic vulnerability to anxiety exists in that family.
ACT is a type of CBT that encourages patients to again in positive behaviors even in the presence of negative thoughts and behaviors. The goal is to improve daily functioning despire having the disorder. It is particularly useful for treatment-resistant Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depression. The length of treatment varies depending on the severity of symptoms.
I just had my first big anxiety attack yesterday. It happened probably because of some friend drama and school responsibilities and how the world is completely crumbling down and I can't do anything about it. I started sobbing uncontrollably, I was hyperventilating so oxygen couldn't get to my hands so they started going numb I was alone for about 30 minutes until I had the strength to call my mom. I think what triggered it most was the drama which sounds kinda selfish. My friend always talks about herself and this guy she likes, I also messed up on this project and she told me off and looked disappointed, like I was stupid or something. We are best friends i know it's just a phase but it's hurting me.
Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on the thinking patterns and behaviors that are sustaining or triggering your panic attacks and helps you look at your fears in a more realistic light. For example, if you had a panic attack while driving, what is the worst thing that would really happen? While you might have to pull over to the side of the road, you are not likely to crash your car or have a heart attack. Once you learn that nothing truly disastrous is going to happen, the experience of panic becomes less terrifying.
If you've ever experienced a sudden surge of overwhelming anxiety and fear then you're familiar with the feeling of having a panic attack. Your heart pounds, you can't breathe, and you may even feel like you're dying or going crazy. Left untreated, panic attacks can lead to panic disorder and other problems. They may even cause you to withdraw from normal activities. But panic attacks can be cured and the sooner you seek help, the better. With the right treatment and self-help, you can reduce or eliminate the symptoms of panic, regain your confidence, and take back control of your life
All human beings experience anxiety. In many cases, anxiety can have some beneficial and adaptive qualities such as pushing one to study for an upcoming difficult exam or propelling a person to flee from danger. Although experiencing some anxiety with life stressors and worries is normal, sometimes it can be difficult to manage and can feel overwhelming. Below we provide a list of tips and strategies to help individuals prevent anxiety from reaching a diagnosable level. Even though not everyone will struggle with a diagnosable anxiety disorder, learning strategies to aid in relief from anxiety and to manage the "normal" anxiety experienced in everyday life can help you live the life you desire.
Anxiety disorders are associated with chronic life stress. Unpredictable, unrelenting, unresolvable stressors chronically stimulate the stress hormone system and cardiovascular system, and lead to states of constant increased activity. Biologically, the body has evolved to deal with imminent and concrete danger in the environment, rather than continuous stressors. Under normal conditions where chronic stress is low, exposure to a sudden threat activates the autonomic nervous system, i.e. increased levels of adrenaline and faster breathing, and racing heart rate. These reactions in turn trigger activation of stress hormones, such as cortisol. One of the effects of these stress hormones is to increase glucose levels in the bloodstream in order to respond to the imminent threat, so that muscles can be activated for the flight or fight response. Another effect of stress hormones is to supress the immune system, since processes such as healing and repair can wait until after the threat subsides. However, in someone with an anxiety disorder, where there is constant activation of these responses to everyday stressors, the stress hormone system loses its ability to control immune function, thus contributing to heightened systemic inflammation that increases risk for cardiovascular and even autoimmune disorders. Neuroscience and clinical research continues to investigate how anxiety disorders increase individual risk for developing physical health co-morbidities in hopes of identifying new treatments that may alleviate suffering from and prevent the development of these whole-body disorders.
There are many types of psychotherapies used to treat anxiety. Unlike counseling, psychotherapy is more long-term and targets a broader range of issues such as patterns of behavior. The patient's particular anxiety diagnosis and personal preference guides what therapies would be best suited to treat them. The ultimate goal with any type of psychotherapy, is to help the patient regulate their emotions, manage stress, understand patterns in behavior that affect their interpersonal relationships. Evidenced-based therapies like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Prolonged Exposure Therapy (PE), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) are some of the most effective at treating anxiety.
Expected panic attacks are those which occur when you are exposed to one of your triggers. For example, if you have a fear of flying you may have a panic attack when you board a plane. Expected panic attacks are again broken down into two categories: situationally bound (cued) in which a person is anticipating exposure to a particular trigger (as with our flying example), or situationally predisposed, in which a panic attack does not always occur when exposed to the feared situation.
Hi. i have just joined a new workplace and the working culture is very toxic. There is too much of negativity that i can sense in the new place. I am trying to avoid that but i am unable to. Due to this, i am most of the times depressed and as a result have started eating less and sleeping less. I do not have sound sleep and get panic attacks all day and night. i am not sure about the future and it seems all lost to me. I need to come out of the situation but do not know how to handle it. i tried meditation but it becomes very difficult once i close my eyes. do i need a therapist to come out of this situation?
Genetics and family history (e.g., parental anxiety) may predispose an individual for an increased risk of an anxiety disorder, but generally external stimuli will trigger its onset or exacerbation.[57] Genetic differences account for about 43% of variance in panic disorder and 28% in generalized anxiety disorder.[58] Although single genes are neither necessary nor sufficient for anxiety by themselves, several gene polymorphisms have been found to correlate with anxiety: PLXNA2, SERT, CRH, COMT and BDNF.[59][60][61] Several of these genes influence neurotransmitters (such as serotonin and norepinephrine) and hormones (such as cortisol) which are implicated in anxiety. The epigenetic signature of at least one of these genes BDNF has also been associated with anxiety and specific patterns of neural activity.[62]
Panic attacks may also be caused by substances. Discontinuation or marked reduction in the dose of a substance such as a drug (drug withdrawal), for example an antidepressant (antidepressant discontinuation syndrome), can cause a panic attack. According to the Harvard Mental Health Letter, "the most commonly reported side effects of smoking marijuana are anxiety and panic attacks. Studies report that about 20% to 30% of recreational users experience such problems after smoking marijuana."[16]
There remains a chance of panic symptoms becoming triggered or being made worse due to increased respiration rate that occurs during aerobic exercise. This increased respiration rate can lead to hyperventilation and hyperventilation syndrome, which mimics symptoms of a heart attack, thus inducing a panic attack.[42] Benefits of incorporating an exercise regimen have shown best results when paced accordingly.[43]
It's important to note that everyone feels anxiety to some degree regularly throughout their life - fear and anxiety are adaptive and helpful emotions that can function to help us notice danger or threat, keep us safe, and help us adapt to the environment. Anxiety disorders represent states when fear or anxiety becomes severe or extreme, to the extent that it causes an individual significant distress, or impairs their ability to function in important facets of life such as work, school, or relationships. It is also important that risk factors don't at all imply that anxiety is anyone's fault; anxiety disorders are a very common difficulty that people experience. In this section, we will review risk factors for anxiety disorders. There are many potential risk factors for anxiety disorders, and most people likely experience multiple different combinations of risk factors, such as neurobiological factors, genetic markers, environmental factors, and life experiences. However, we do not yet fully understand what causes some people to have anxiety disorders.
Buspirone is a drug indicated for the treatment of anxiety. This drug has high efficacy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder and is particularly effective at reducing the cognitive and interpersonal problems associated with anxiety. Unlike benzodiazepines, buspirone does not have a sedative effect or interact with alcohol. Most importantly there is a very low risk of developing a dependence on buspirone. Its side effects are minimal but can include dizziness, nervousness, and headaches. BuSpar and Vanspar are brand names associated with buspirone.
Physical symptoms of an anxiety disorder can be easily confused with other medical conditions, like heart disease or hyperthyroidism. Therefore, a doctor will likely perform an evaluation involving a physical examination, an interview and lab tests. After ruling out an underlying physical illness, a doctor may refer a person to a mental health professional for evaluation.
As is the case the more generalized forms of social anxiety, intergroup anxiety has behavioral, cognitive, and affective effects. For instance, increases in schematic processing and simplified information processing can occur when anxiety is high. Indeed, such is consistent with related work on attentional bias in implicit memory.[35][36][37] Additionally recent research has found that implicit racial evaluations (i.e. automatic prejudiced attitudes) can be amplified during intergroup interaction.[38] Negative experiences have been illustrated in producing not only negative expectations, but also avoidant, or antagonistic, behavior such as hostility.[39] Furthermore, when compared to anxiety levels and cognitive effort (e.g., impression management and self-presentation) in intragroup contexts, levels and depletion of resources may be exacerbated in the intergroup situation.
Although beta-blockers are most often used to treat high blood pressure, they can also be used to help relieve the physical symptoms of anxiety, such as rapid heartbeat, shaking, trembling, and blushing. These medications, when taken for a short period of time, can help people keep physical symptoms under control. They can also be used "as needed" to reduce acute anxiety, including as a preventive intervention for some predictable forms of performance anxieties.


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Be The Bartender: How to Make the Perfect Caipirinha 7 Simple Steps
Step One: Add two lime quarters to a rocks glass and cover with 1 tsp of sugar, making sure to put the lime quarters in first. Muddle lime and sugar until the lime juice soaks up all of the sugar granules.
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Writers can learn a lot from the counseling profession that can help to create richer characters and realistic responses to conflict. On the blog, we examine the correlation between counseling and character development.
The self-help industry is a $10 billion market, which means that people around the world are striving hard to improve themselves. For authors, it's a huge market for creating information products, including but not limited to books and articles that cater to self-help consumers.
Every writer has a "voice." It's a unique signature that combines the use of diction, punctuation, and syntax. Is this "voice" identical with writing style? How can a new writer cultivate his or her own unique voice? If you already have an author's voice, what can you do to polish it and take it to the next level? Read this article to find out!
Writing daily is one of the best ways to improve your work. We'll show you why in this article.
It takes hard work and the right mindset to be the best "you" possible. Thankfully, you can change your mindset – you just need to be willing to try.
A few weeks ago, ProWritingAid's Hayley Milliman went to Nashville to attend Tribe Conference for the first time. Here are her takeaways.
Sometimes, writing isn't about crafting the next great novel or ground-breaking paper. Sometimes, it's about finding a way to honor your inner thoughts and feelings.
Writing has healing power. When you're grieving, use it to find your inner strength back and start a new chapter in life. The key is being non-judgemental with yourself. Write freely and fearlessly.
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I eat one meal a day during a one-hour window and fast 23 or more hours every day. I want to use your ketones to get back into ketosis faster after that meal. Will that work? I am confused, because say at the end of my hour eating window I drink your ketones, sure there are lots of ketones suddenly in my body but I also have a big meal in my stomach. My body has to digest and use that food energy, so how do exogenous ketones help me in that case?
A lot of people who use ketogenic diets will include a regular (i.e. weekly) carb refeed meal. There are various reasons behind doing this. If you are doing a lot of glycolic based training, then the carb refeed can help bump up muscle glycogen levels and in turn boost performance. Others use these refeeds as a way to keep their thyroid health in check, and finally some people use these refeeds as a 'cheat day' – so that they can still enjoy the pleasures from carbohydrates!
I just started down the Keto path with the help (hopefully) of Ketond. My problem with all the websites and info I've seen is that no-one says how often you should take the EK. The packages say the serving size is one scoop…. but how many servings per day? It (Ketond) also says one serving will put you in Ketosis for 3-5 hours – so, does that mean you should take another serving after the 3-5 hours to stay in Ketosis?
Ketones are an alternate energy or fuel source for brain and body that our bodies have naturally produced and used for millennia. Ketones have recently leapt to the forefront of health and wellness conversations worldwide as the scientific body of research that seeks to understand their numerous unique properties and profound systemic effects has begun to grow (see below).
Ketoacidosis is driven by a lack of insulin in the body. Without insulin, blood sugar rises to high levels and stored fat streams from fat cells. This excess amount of fat metabolism results in the production of abnormal quantities of ketones. The combination of high blood sugar and high ketone levels can upset the normal acid/base balance in the blood and become dangerous. In order to reach a state of ketoacidosis, insulin levels must be so low that the regulation of blood sugar and fatty acid flow is impaired.
Ketones naturally exist in the body, being created during the process of fat metabolism and are therefore safe to consume even during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Supplements such as Ketologie's PROBHB are simply providing ketones from an external (exogenous means literally 'outside of the body') source. However, if you suffer from any medical conditions and/or are on medications, it is always advisable to consult your health care provider prior to starting any new nutritional or dietary supplement.
Think about it like building muscle, good supplements can enhance your results, but if you don't eat right and exercise, supplements are just useless. You can't just sit on the couch to watch TV, eat potato chips all day and drink some supplements and expect to gain muscle. A supplement is not a miracle. It's just an addition and before you add it to your diet, you need to get the basics right first, which is dieting and exercise in the case of building muscles. The supplements are not going to lift the heavy weights for you. You do!
In fact this was one of the biggest surprises I had when exploring ketosis. For years I have been following a cyclical lower carb diet. For years I wouldn't consume a carb until later in the afternoon (ala Carb Backloading style). After eating 5 days without any carbs I tested my ketone levels… they were 0.1 mmol. This reading was done first thing in the morning (10 hours fasted) after 5 days without a carb in my diet.
EK use can be compared to the nootropics that have been developed for optimizing focus, memory creation, and faster cognitive performance. While you may not notice this effect on a minute to minute basis if you keep a journal of "forgetful moments" you'll find that you have fewer of them as time goes on. You'll also find that you're able to come up with better ideas, and your workflow is more efficient through the day (10, 11).
Long-Term Effects of a Ketogenic Diet in Obese Patients – The present study shows the beneficial effects of a long-term ketogenic diet. It significantly reduced the body weight and body mass index of the patients. Furthermore, it decreased the level of triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and blood glucose, and increased the level of HDL cholesterol. Administering a ketogenic diet for a relatively longer period of time did not produce any significant side effects in the patients. Therefore, the present study confirms that it is safe to use a ketogenic diet for a longer period of time than previously demonstrated.(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2716748/)
Many of us have heard the saying, "Don't blame the butter for what the bread did." Similarly, don't blame the sodium for what the fries did. Sodium has been shown to help maintain fluid balance, normal muscle and nerve function, and blood pressure and volume[1]. The movement of sodium ions and other electrolytes across cell membranes helps to facilitate muscle contraction and nerve impulses. Electrolytes also help to maintain fluid balance across intracellular and extracellular spaces and blood volume.
I am confused on the diet part. I've tried ketogenic diets and have experienced great health benefits (I'm diatabetic), but it also helped with sleeping through the night, increased energy, appetite suppression, and balancing of hormones. However forcing myself to eat fat and eliminate God foods like fruit, and trying to keep ratios of fat to protein to carbs was really hard for me. Can supplementing with the exogenic Ketones while having a diet of Proteins, veggies, fruits, healthy fats (avacado, cocnut oil, etc) and some grains (brown rice), produce ketosis?
We tested the effects of 28-day administration of five ketone supplements on blood glucose, ketones, and lipids in male Sprague–Dawley rats. The supplements included: 1,3-butanediol (BD), a sodium/potassium β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) mineral salt (BMS), medium chain triglyceride oil (MCT), BMS + MCT 1:1 mixture, and 1,3 butanediol acetoacetate diester (KE). Rats received a daily 5–10 g/kg dose of their respective ketone supplement via intragastric gavage during treatment. Weekly whole blood samples were taken for analysis of glucose and βHB at baseline and, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, and 12 h post-gavage, or until βHB returned to baseline. At 28 days, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured.
There is one viable explanation for consuming ketones. If you're in a calorie or carb-restricted state, then maybe during a workout it would make sense. But even then, that really only applies to endurance activities, since it has more to do with enhancing aerobic performance (where oxygen is required), than it does with enhancing high-intensity efforts (where it's not).
Participants refrained from alcohol and caffeine for 24 h prior to each visit AND were asked to consume a similar meal the night before each visit. All studies were carried out at the University of Oxford Human Physiology Laboratories and started at 0800 h following an overnight (>8 h) fast, with a minimum of 72 h between visits. Visit order was randomized prior to commencement by an administrative investigator using a pseudo-random number generator to produce a list of combinations of visit order, which were then allocated based on order of enrolment by a different investigator.
Disclaimer: This blog is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this blog or materials linked from this blog is at the user's own risk. The content of this blog is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard, or delay in obtaining, medical advice for any medical condition they may have, and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions.
SHEER Ketones BHB Salts made this top 5 list because they do a good job of avoiding all the common unwanted additives and fillers in BHB salts. It's good to see we have options to choose from when trying to avoid these types of ingredients. SHEER Ketones' other ingredients include citric acid, fruit and vegetable juice powder for the color, and "natural flavors." It uses a stevia leaf extract (Rebaudioside A).
Effects of ketone supplementation on organ weight: Data is represented as a percentage of organ weight to body weight. a, b, d, f Ketone supplements did not significantly affect the weight of the brain, lungs, kidneys or heart. c Liver weight was significantly increased as compared to body weight in response to administered MCT ketone supplement compared to control at the end of the study (day 29) (p < 0.001). e Rats supplemented with BMS + MCT, MCT, and BD had significantly smaller spleen percentage as compared to controls (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, p < 0.05). Two-Way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test; results considered significant if p < 0.05. Error bars represent mean (SD)
Ketones are an alternate energy or fuel source for brain and body that our bodies have naturally produced and used for millennia. Ketones have recently leapt to the forefront of health and wellness conversations worldwide as the scientific body of research that seeks to understand their numerous unique properties and profound systemic effects has begun to grow (see below).
BHB Salts and exogenous ketone supplements are literally changing the supplement industry. These products are pretty new and a little more expensive than other supplements. But I'd rather pay for something that works then spend tons of money chasing products that claim to work. One of the most popular ketone supplements is Pruvit's Keto OS. You can check out our review here.
Ketones are an alternate energy or fuel source for brain and body that our bodies have naturally produced and used for millennia. Ketones have recently leapt to the forefront of health and wellness conversations worldwide as the scientific body of research that seeks to understand their numerous unique properties and profound systemic effects has begun to grow (see below).
Most of the information regarding the effects of ketosis come from studies on the ketogenic diet, wherein ketones are made by the liver and become a major fuel source for the body. The ketogenic diet is currently under investigation for its potential therapeutic effects in a number of healthy and disease states. More recently, studies are beginning to reveal that many of the effects observed with the ketogenic diet are mechanistically attributable to ketones, which is a primary reason that exogenous ketones are being developed and studied. However, because they are such a new technology, there's not a lot of data on exogenous ketones themselves. In a few pre-clinical studies, exogenous ketones have mimicked the therapeutic effects of the ketogenic diet"
The "BHB salt" is simply a compound that consists of sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate. In supplements like Pruvit's Keto OS these individual components are being held together by ionic bonds; however, when you consume the product, it is absorbed into the blood where it dissociates into free Na+, K+, and BHB since it is a water-based solution. Thus, consuming the product directly and immediately puts more ketones into your blood.
It is important to define what it means to be "in ketosis". If being "in ketosis" means having ketones in your blood, then of course ketone supplements get you into ketosis. But that is different from being in an endogenous ketogenic, fat-burning state as a result of following a ketogenic diet. Getting this distinction right will go a long way towards stopping ketone salts companies from using misleading marketing about the issue. We need to reach a consensus about what being "in ketosis" means and then force companies to use that definition.
I'm using this in conjunction with a low carb diet (40g net daily) and Adipex. Perfect Keto actually helped alleviate a lot of the keto/low carb flu symptoms I typically experience when starting a low carb diet. I can't give a full review on how this works with weight loss, because I'm just using it as a supplement (1 scoop) to help keep me in solid ketosis and have only been doing so for the past two weeks and using the low carb diet and Adipex in addition to this supplement doesn't give me a pure experience with this product. But I'm down 10 pounds in the two weeks, so I'm sure it's playing a part!
Hi all…thanks for your articles and info. I am currently on a paleo diet, but want to lose more weight and bring it up a notch w/ ketogenic diet and be in ketosis. Not sure which product is best? Do you take the MCT oil and also a ketone powder. I know it may be difficult at first, but I am up for the challenge as we start the new year and would like to loose 40 lbs by May/June. Please advise as to what products are best so I can purchase. THANKS
While it usually takes 2-7 days for your body to enter into a state of ketosis on a ketogenic diet, there are a few things you can do to kickstart this process. It isn't guaranteed but it will assist in the process, and may work in extreme cases. Intermittent fasting, exercise, proper sleep, a strict high-fat-low-carb diet, and supplementation can all help fastened the transition process. Whether you've fallen out of ketosis after a cheat weekend or maybe you're somebody who have just started out on your keto journey – here is how to get into ketosis in 24 hours.
Hi all…thanks for your articles and info. I am currently on a paleo diet, but want to lose more weight and bring it up a notch w/ ketogenic diet and be in ketosis. Not sure which product is best? Do you take the MCT oil and also a ketone powder. I know it may be difficult at first, but I am up for the challenge as we start the new year and would like to loose 40 lbs by May/June. Please advise as to what products are best so I can purchase. THANKS
The body will start making ketones when either we go extended periods without food, or we restrict the one dietary component that stops ketone formation – this being carbohydrates and also minimising protein intake as this also can halt ketone. In turn, your primary source of food is fat, with very little carbohydrate and a small amount of protein."
I'm fasting (5 days fast, 2 days food) in an effort to aggressively lose weight. For the most part, I'm not doing the water & salt-only kind of fast… as I will also drink coffee & bone broth… as well as take Perfect Keto Base. Would it be "gilding the lily" to also add MCT powder to my coffee? I'm in nutritional ketosis… ranging from 0.8 to 2.0 or thereabouts.
At day 29 of the study, animals were euthanized and brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and heart were harvested and weighed. Organ weights were normalized to body weight. Ketone supplementation did not significantly change brain, lung, kidney, or heart weights compared to controls (Fig. 5a, b, d, f). MCT supplemented animals had significantly larger livers compared to their body weight (p < 0.05) (Fig. 5c). Ketone supplements BMS + MCT, MCT and BD caused a significant reduction in spleen size (BMS + MCT p < 0.05, MCT p < 0.001, BD p < 0.05) (Fig. 5e). Rats administered KE gained significantly less weight over the entire study compared to controls. BMS + MCT, BMS, and BD supplemented rats gained significantly less weight than controls during weeks 2 – 4, and MCT animals gained less weight than controls at weeks 3 – 4 (Fig. 6). Increased gastric motility (increased bowel evacuation and changes to fecal consistency) was visually observed in rats supplemented with 10 g/kg MCT, most notably at the 8 and 12-h time points. All animals remained in healthy weight range for their age even though the rate of weight gain changed with ketone supplementation [53–54]. Food intake was not measured in this study. However, there was not a significant change in basal blood glucose or basal blood ketone levels over the 4 week study in any of the rats supplemented with ketones (Fig. 7).
Although several studies have linked calcium supplementation with an increased risk of heart attack and heart disease[18], other studies have not found the same association. For example, a study on calcium supplementation (1000 mg/day) in postmenopausal women indicated a reduced risk of hip fracture, but no increase in cardiovascular disease or mortality in the supplement group, compared to the placebo group[19]. Another study found no effect from calcium supplementation (600 or 1200 mg/day) on abdominal aortic calcification[20].
The other potentially important distinction between nutritional ketosis and chemically-induced ketosis is the potential metabolic role played by liver AcAc production and redox status. Although the ratio of BOHB to AcAc in venous blood is typically 80% to 20%, classic studies by Cahill (1975) have observed important hepatic vein and peripheral arterio-venous gradients for this ratio in keto-adapted patients. What these observations imply is that the liver produces a higher proportion of AcAc than is found in the peripheral blood, and that this is due to uptake of AcAc in peripheral cells (principally muscle) with re-release as BOHB. In the process, the reduction of AcAc to BOHB produces NAD+, which is beneficial to mitochondrial redox state and mitochondrial function (Verdin 2015, Newman 2017).
Too much cortisol tells the liver that you are in physical danger and need a lot of energy fast. The brain doesn't understand the difference between physical danger and emotional stress. When emotionally stressed, the brain thinks you're in a life-and-death situation, so the liver comes to your rescue and gives you the glucose you need to fight off your attacker.
Exogenous ketones don't seem to improve high-intensity, glucose-intensive exercise, increasing fat burning during steady state exercise but dropping top-end high-intensity performance. Another study found that ketone dieters reduced 50-minute time trial performance in cyclists, though another group of researchers have criticized the methods. Even when a ketone ester didn't improve performance in the shuttle run to exhaustion and 15 meter sprint repeats, it did reduce the drop in brain function following the exercise.
This was a big surprise. We were at the very least expecting that drinking a ketone supplement would cause blood ketones to rise, but an average increase of 0.33 mmol/L is very small. The supplement associated with the highest average increase in blood ketones was Prüvit's Keto-OS Max, but it was only an increase of 0.6 mmol/L. Brianna Stubbs, the ketone researcher I consulted with, agrees that an increase of below 2.0-3.0 mmol/L is unlikely to be of much use.
Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB): Nutrition strategies that rely on carbohydrates always leave us needing more food. On the other hand, the ketogenic diet relies on and taps into your body's stored fat for longer, more stable energy with no bonking. Many keto-lovers adopt this lifestyle because they love the mental clarity, focus, and productivity that they experience while in ketosis. Whether you're full-time keto or not, our Perfect Keto is designed to support ultimate mental performance.
Some people follow more of an Ultra Low Carb diet approach. This is generally around 50g or less of carbs per day. A ULC is more supportive of reaching a ketogenic state, but again total carbs are not the only variable when it comes to reaching ketosis (other factors such as types of carbs, protein consumption, portion size, ingredients, supplements used etc. all play a role and will be covered in more detail below).
Participants refrained from alcohol and caffeine for 24 h prior to each visit AND were asked to consume a similar meal the night before each visit. All studies were carried out at the University of Oxford Human Physiology Laboratories and started at 0800 h following an overnight (>8 h) fast, with a minimum of 72 h between visits. Visit order was randomized prior to commencement by an administrative investigator using a pseudo-random number generator to produce a list of combinations of visit order, which were then allocated based on order of enrolment by a different investigator.
Intermittent fasting is using the same reasoning – instead of using the fats we are eating to gain energy, we are using our stored fat. That being said, you might think it's great – you can just fast and lose more weight. You have to take into account that later on, you will need to eat extra fat in order to hit your daily macros (the most important thing). If you're overeating on fats here, you will store the excess.
It's important to listen to your body when going through the ketogenic process. This means that you should only eat when you're hungry and not every single time you get a craving. It's our obsession with food that causes us to stuff ourselves whenever we feel like it, and you should know by now that it's not healthy to do that. When you make it a point to eat only when you're hungry, you're diminishing any food intake that your body doesn't really need.
There are many places where you can buy ketone supplements especially online. You have Amazon, Craigslist, and eBay to name a few but the thing with that is, they are often over-priced compared to the actual costs from the direct manufacturer. If you buy ketones directly from the official website of the product or brand, you are likely to get a way better deal than buying from any third-party seller that you might bump into on the internet.
If the color is close to the original beige of the test strip, it means there are few if any ketones in your urine and you'll need to make some dietary tweaks. This may include eating less fat. That's because if you have doubled down on the healthy fats your body may be rebelling. One way to tell is if you are constipated. If you think this is the case, ratchet back the fats by 50% and see if it makes a difference.
Lots of good info but some things are just plain wrong. It takes 2 days max to get into ketosis if you stop eating carbs. Your body can only store roughly 2 days worth of glycogen. When those stores are exhausted your body will immediately turn to fat. It may take a week or several weeks to get "keto adapted" but it simply won't ever take you more than 2 days to get into a state of ketosis.
Fortunately a new way to test ketosis has been developed - and that is by measuring acetone levels in the breath. This is rather new technology but based on the reports I have seen it does look reasonably reliable. The testing process is simple, you use a device like that made by Ketonix, you breathe into it, wait a minute or so and it will give you a color indicating the state of ketosis you are in. However, there are numerous downsides:
Ketone Salts: While the body uses and makes BHB ketones salts naturally, in supplement form ketone salts are synthetically (lab) made compounds that combine sodium (and/or potassium, calcium, or magnesium) with BHB. The salt is used to raise the pH and make things less acidic. Currently, all ketone supplements on the market are made from ketone salts. While they raise ketone levels, most people will only experience mild nutritional ketosis (~0.6-1.0 mmol/L).
How to get into ketosis in 24 hours you ask? Can it be done? Yes, it can happen. But only for people who have already been keto-adapted and may have dropped out of ketosis for a short period of time, like after a cheat day. Those people can follow these steps to get back into ketosis quickly. However, if you are just starting keto you have a lot of work to do before your body will let you get into ketosis.
I'm getting an increasing number of questions about exogenous ketones. Are they good? Do they work for performance? Is there a dose-response curve? If I'm fasting, can I consume them without "breaking" the fast? Am I in ketosis if my liver isn't producing ketones, but my BOHB is 1.5 mmol/L after ingesting ketones? Can they "ramp-up" ketogenesis? Are they a "smart drug?" What happens if someone has high levels of both glucose and ketones? Are some products better than others? Salts vs esters? BHB vs AcAc? Can taking exogenous ketones reduce endogenous production on a ketogenic diet? What's the difference between racemic mixtures, D-form, and L-form? What's your experience with MCTs and C8?
Affiliate Disclosure: There are links on this site that can be defined as affiliate links. This means that I may receive a small commission (at no cost to you) if you purchase something when clicking on the links that take you through to a different website. By clicking on the links, you are in no way obligated to buy.
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The Arthritis Awareness Run and Walk is a charity fundraiser event.
Phone: (208) 887-9500
1900 N. Record
Idaho Arthritis Awareness Walk
Saturday, August 25, 2018, 3:00 PM - 7:00 PM
The Arthritis Awareness Run and Walk is a charity fundraiser event.
Our goal is to raise awareness regarding arthritis and arthritis treatments.
We are collecting donations for Arthritis research, scholarships for kids to go to camps, arthritis events, and similar programs. We are also hoping to help patients with funding exercise equipment, tennis shoes, gym memberships, and other positive lifestyle improvements.
Phone: (208) 887-9500
Event url: www.idahoarthritiswalk.com
1900 N. Record
Meridian, ID 83642
More Event Ideas
- More Other Events
- Monday, Apr 8, 8:30 PM
- Friday, Apr 26, 7:30 PM
- Friday, Apr 5, 11:00 AM


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Republican businessman Bob Turner won Anthony Weiner's seat late last night.
This morning, Turner was leading by eight points, with 84 percent of the vote, according to the Associated Press, beatingDemocrat Assemblyman David Weprin.
The race was tight in recent days, with Turner leading Weprin by six points Monday.
But the results may not even really matter: The district might not be around much longer — it is in danger of being cut when New York loses two House seats.
And Weiner already left the borough. The former congressman was spotted Tuesday moving out of his two-bedroom in Forrest Hills. The New York Post reported that he is upgrading to a three-bedroom apartment on a pricey West Village street.
Weiner did make time to vote, offering his support for Weprin.
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Weiner, who was once a top contender for mayor, resigned in June after admitting that he sent sexually explicit messages to several women through Twitter.


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The No. 2 ranked men's water polo team finished a 23-5 season by receiving a..
Web Administrator, test
It is no secret that the Pacific men's basketball team had a season full of..
Outside hitter Lexi Elman '17 of the Pacific volleyball team had an exceptional year for..
At the beginning of April, the Pacific men's club volleyball team wrapped up an outstanding..
The Pacific track and field team set a number of school records at the team's..
After initially adding coaches Luke Wicks and JayDee Luster, new men's basketball Head Coach Damon..
Attacker Rachel Krieger '18 of the women's water polo team scored five times during the..
Earlier this month, the Pacific men's club volleyball team wrapped up an outstanding season with..
Right fielder Gio Brusa '16 of the Pacific baseball team has earned WCC Player of..
Gina Carbonatto, most commonly known as "Coach Carbs," is Pacific softball's assistant coach and coincidentally..
Sports Editor
Jessica Diederich '17 and Alex Holt '19 have been on a roll for the Pacific..
The Eve Zimmerman Tennis Center still had that "new court smell" when the Pacific men's..
Attacker Ellen Tiedemann '17 of the No. 12 women's water polo team helped the Tigers..
This past weekend, the Pacific men's golf team gave a respectable showing and ultimately..
Miguel Diaz '17 of the Pacific men's tennis team played a big part in..


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ATQ - The Milk Man
Australian Trucking Quarterly
Howard Shanks
This book is available for download with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device. Multi-touch books can be read with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device. Books with interactive features may work best on an iOS device. Apple Books on your Mac requires OS X 10.9 or later.
We check out Hingston Transport's latest MAN TGS26-480 with a Euro-5, 13-litre 480 horsepower MAN engine that's coupled to a Byford Equipment 30,000 litre stainless steel milk tanker with a Jost JSK 37 C-Z fifth wheel. This MAN boasts ZF's Tipmatic transmission while the trailer features BPW Trailer Electronic Braking System, which offers the Roll Stability Program. Another feature that gets high praise is the MAN EVBec with ZF gearbox intarder and downhill speed controller.
Other Books in This Series
- Free
- Category: Transportation
- Published: Feb 26, 2014
- Publisher: Howard Shanks
- Seller: Howard Shanks
- Print Length: 7 Pages
- Language: English
- Series: Australian Trucking Quarterly
- Version: 1.3


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Cryptomeria are of the Cupressacea family and are a monotypic genus where male and female strobili are borne on the same tree. The male strobili are orange to reddish and show in March and they form solitary round cones that mature within the first year. The common name is Japanese Cedar and they can be seen widely across… Read more »
Posts Tagged: bonsai
After snow disrupting plans to visit Noelanders in January this year we held the Euro Tunnel booking and postponed it to a random date in May. Upon receipt of a reminder of this the week we searched around for any events in Europe and happened across the Sakura-Ten show
Wessex Bonsai Show
It was a very quiet show without the familiar voice of Manuel which is usually heard throughout the day discussing and explaining the art of bonsai to anyone who is interested. It was a very good show and had lots of excellent trees on display in the exhibition and by the local clubs.
Bristol Bonsai Society Members' Show
Bristol Bonsai Society have their show set for the Saturday 18th August at Failands Village Hall.
April tree of the month
and the runners up
The Good Bonsai Guide
Which is better, beer or bonsai? I decided to do my own take on The Good Pub Guide with Bonsai. Buying bonsai This is a list of Bonsai Nurseries which can be visited, please bear in mind a lot of the Nursery owners operate an appointment system or have limited opening hours so extend… Read more »
Two Pot Technique
I am not sure at this point if this is more of an observation that a tip.
Shohin UK Exhibition 2013
Organised by Mark & Ritta Cooper, the show was held at Failand Hall, Bristol. The exhibition concentrated on smaller Chuhin, Shohin and Mame trees.
Cut Paste
The green lidded one for confers, the white deciduous…apparently
Bonsai Forum gets a 'NEW' makeover
A NEW look to a bonsai forum, so that it looks better, works faster and is more informative to all who take part. The European Bonsai Forum has a wonderful new look for all to enjoy. The European Bonsai Forum was set up to discuss and promote discussion about the Native and Naturalized European trees… Read more »


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Groupcall Communication System
January 13th 2016
We are installing a new facility in school which will allow us to contact parents more quickly and efficiently. The system is called Groupcall Messenger. Groupcall will replace the Parentmail system that we have been using and will allow us to send texts and emails to parents with the built in ability for you to text us a reply.
Information about this new system is coming out to parents this week and we shall be sending whole school test messages out on Friday 15th January. Any parent that does not recieve these messages needs to contact us so that we can make sure we have the correct details for you.
Read more about these changes here: http://www.iscaexeter.co.uk/useful-information/parents/new-groupcall-communication-system
Exe Valley Challenge 2018
Exe Valley Challenge July 1st 2018 The ninth Exe Valley Challenge event took place on Sunday 1st..
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Friday 1st February
Isca Academy is open today. We do however appreciate that the road conditions are difficult for som..
Severe Weather Notice
Severe Weather Notice As it stands at the moment (2125hrs), the school will be open tomorro..


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Siemens Careers
Risk Analyst - Structured Finance
Job Description
Business Unit: Financial Services (FS)
Requisition Number: 237671
Primary Location: United States-Pennsylvania-Malvern
Other Locations: United States-New Jersey-Iselin
Assignment Category: Full-time regular
Experience Level: Entry level
Education Required Level: Bachelor's Degree
Travel Required: 10%
Division Description:
Siemens is a global technology powerhouse that has stood for engineering excellence, innovation, quality, reliability and internationally for more than 165 years. As a global technology company, Siemens is rigorously leveraging the advantages that this setup provides. To tap business opportunities in both new and established markets, the Company is organized in eight Divisions: Power and Gas, Power Generation Services, Energy Management, Building Technologies, Mobility, Digital Factory, Process Industries and Drives, and Financial Services.
Siemens Financial Services, Inc. is the U.S. arm of the global Financial Services division of Siemens, (SFS), an international provider of business-to-business financial solutions. SFS helps facilitate investments, providing commercial finance, project and structured finance with specific asset expertise in the energy, healthcare, industry, and infrastructure markets. SFS supports Siemens as well as other companies with their capital needs and acts as an expert manager of financial risks within the Siemens Company. Leveraging its financing expertise and industrial know-how creates value for customers and helps them strengthen their competitiveness.
For more information, please visit:
Job Description:
- You will be directly involved in transaction analysis, approval and monitoring
- Part of your role will be to research companies, markets and industries
- You will participate in transaction due diligence and structuring
- Another objective will be to analyze financial statements and assist in the preparation of financial models
- You'll Develop credit and comparative analysis skills
- Monitor portfolio investments and assist on special projects
- Participate in deal packaging / submittal process by assisting the Underwriters with obtaining necessary diligence materials and providing analytical support/ assistance on the Credit Report, Risk Rating Worksheet, and other appropriate underwriting documents;
- General understanding and ability to gather and analyze third-party information, assess risk, and address financing structures.
- Cash flow modeling, including appropriately sensitizing models
- Obtain a general understanding of SFS Credit and Risk Rating Policies to ensure all risk management guidelines are adhered to and exceptions documented;
- Be responsive and provide ongoing support to the sales, marketing and business development personnel
- Organize and manage credit files. Update credit files with financial and other information in accordance with SFS policy
- Provide accurate and timely input into various databases and credit logs/reports.
- BS/BA in accounting, finance, business, mathematics, economics, engineering or other quantitative subject. MBA preferred.
- Proficiency with MS Office applications (e.g. Excel, Word, Access, Powerpoint, etc.)
- Analytical and statistical aptitude / experience
- Strong proficiency with using the Internet and other resources to gather appropriate research and diligence materials
- Strong writing, interpersonal and communication skills
- Good time management and organizational skills
- Satisfactory analytical skills and general understanding / knowledge of commercial and corporate lending.
- 2+ years of similar experience
- Completion of formal bank credit training program preferred;
- Healthcare Finance experience preferred
- Real Estate experience preferred


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Saudi crown prince to meet President Alvi, COAS today - 44 mins ago
Islamabad United beat Lahore Qalandars by 5 wickets - February 15, 2019
Qazi Wajid being remembered on first death anniversary - February 11, 2019
PM Imran Khan Awards Degrees To Namal's Graduate Class Of 2018 - February 8, 2019
PM Imran Khan values Aleem Khan for resigning after being arrested - February 6, 2019
Fashion Central Multi Brand Store offers Grand Sale - February 1, 2019
Zardari, Faryal files plea in SC to withdraw decision of sending fake accounts case to NAB - January 28, 2019
Court extends judicial remand of Shehbaz, others for 15 days in Ashiana case - January 24, 2019
Sahiwal incident: PM Imran directs to present suggestions for reforms in Punjab police - January 23, 2019
Sahiwal report cannot be submitted today: JIT head - January 22, 2019
Blast in Karachi kills 1 Rangers personnel, injures 5 others
KARACHI: One Rangers personnel was killed and five others were injured in a remote-controlled bomb blast in Karachi, media reported on Thursday.
The blast took place in Landhi near a Rangers mobile. It was reported that three to five kilogrammes of explosives were planted in a motorcycle near the vehicle. According to initial details, two of the Rangers personnel were in critical condition. The injured were taken to Jinnah Hospital. Police and Rangers have cordoned off the area.
Previous blasts
On the evening of December 11, a man, his son and their driver were wounded when a low-intensity bomb attached to their car had exploded near NIPA in Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.
On November 30, a planted bomb had exploded near the Landhi police station. Fortunately, no casualties were reported. According to Express News correspondent Nadeem Khan, the explosives had been planted on a motorcycle that was parked near the police station.
Twin explosions had ripped through shops and vehicles on the main road leading to Ancholi on November 22, killing at least five people and injuring over 50 others. The first blast took place outside a paan shop in a crowded area. Minutes later, the second blast, yards away from the first, took place outside a restaurant.
At least 16 people were reported injured from three consecutive blasts in Karachi on November 13. Two back-to-back blasts had occurred in the nearby Pahaar Ganj, North Nazimabad. Planted improvised explosive devices were used for both explosions, which occurred within the space of an hour. The injured were known to include a police official, a Rangers official as well as three journalists. A third cracker blast in North Karachi Sector 11-B was reported around midnight which had injured two policemen.
Correction: In an earlier version of this story, it was erroneously mentioned that 305 kg of explosives were used in the bomb. The error has been fixed. Tribune


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Shawn Mee
It allows my students to receive the training, as if, they were receiving it from a reading teacher. I have over 30 adults in my class at one time, and it is impossible to give directed, individual instruction to all of them. Reading Horizons is a life saver!


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Joseph R. O'Gorman, retired senior executive vice president of United Airlines, has been named chairman, president and chief executive of Reno Air Inc., a discount airline based in Nevada, which also has routes to O'Hare International Airport. O'Gorman's selection was part of a shakeup after the airline posted a fourth-quarter loss of $12.4 million, or $1.17 a share. O'Gorman also served as president and CEO of Aloha Airlines in Hawaii and Denver-based Frontier Airlines.
Compiled by George GunsetCHICAGO TRIBUNE
Judge scolds Jussie Smollett over allegations he staged racist, anti-gay attack: 'Vile and despicable'
Inside Jussie Smollett's alleged plot: Chicago police say they were suspicious from the start
What happened? A timeline of the Jussie Smollett case
Copyright © 2019, Chicago Tribune


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Published at Friday, 20 April 2018. Fishing Rod. By Zaira Ersilia.
Since they are so cautious bass will swim away from their usual places only very early in the morning and late in the evening. Some anglers swear by their bass fishing nighttime adventures but it is not a good idea to base your next fishing trips only on isolated experiences. As long as you don′t mind getting up early to go swimming for bass you should be fine.
The next in line is a spinnerbait. Learning what this type of lure can do will help you catch more bass. These lures do not require any special preparations as they are highly efficient in all weather conditions. It doesn′t matter whether you want to fish for bass in summer spring or winter. Make sure you have plenty of these in your tackle box.
The length of a fishing rod typically ranges from 6 to 12 feet. The length of your rod largely depends on the type of fishing you plan to do the species you′re after and your fishing environment. Also consider your own angling experience and strength level. A beginner should start with a rod short enough to help with control and the development of technique but long enough to provide a good casting distance (8 to 9 feet long). Small children need a shorter rod because of their height. In wooded areas or those with surrounding brush choose a shorter rod. In wide open spaces where you would be most likely to fly fish choose a longer rod. To catch larger more aggressive fish you will need a stronger shorter rod.
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Ithaca Swing Dance Network Welcomes You!
The Ithaca Swing Dance Network, Ltd. (ISDN) is a volunteer organization of dancers who participate in and coordinate dance events in the Ithaca, NY area.
* Saturday February 9th *
The Pelotones
St. Paul's United Methodist Church, 402 N.Aurora St (corner of E.Court), Ithaca, NY. Admission: $12 general, $9 students & seniors. Intro to swing dance class @ 7 pm (included w/admission), band plays 8-11. Free refreshments!
Click here for calendar listing.


text: Wanna hear a dirty joke? A white horse fell in the mud. 58 minutes ago Why Are Young Ladies Like Arrows? Because they are all aquiver in the presence of a beau. 59 minutes ago What do you call a nun in a wheelchair? virgin mobile 59 minutes ago Two blondes suddenly got into bird hunting and were eager to try it out for themselves. They had read that a bird dog is a great and useful accessory in bird hunting, so they decided to go to the pet shop and buy one. They purchased a well-trained bird dog and headed home.The two blondes immediately went to the woods to try it out. The dog didn't work. No matter how hard they tried, it just didn't follow their commands.They became frustrated and one of the blondes said to her friend, "Okay, we'll give him one more try. We'll throw him in the air one more time and if he doesn't fly, we're taking him back to the store!" 59 minutes ago [NSFW] What did Dr Strange tell his girlfriend before finishing her off? "We're in the ENDGAME now" 59 minutes ago Man asked from a wife what does she want for christmas. She said nothinh will be better than necklace. So he bought, nothing. 59 minutes ago when everything gets small Buy vibrator from mall 1 hour ago A father having trouble in bed A father is in for his daily check up, and the doctor comes back to him saying"Everything seems to be good, anything troubling you?"The father replies,"Well.... you see recently me and the wife have been having some trouble when we try to get it on, mostly it me not being able to keep up."The doctor thinking, then explains to the man that he could prescribe him a medicine to help him keep it up.He explains,"That one of these oils before you are going to start and everything should be fine."The father thanks the doctor for his time. After leaving the office, he goes to pick up his medicine and returns home. After getting home he decided to take the whole bottle.A couple hours later, the doctor decides to call the house to make sure everything is going fine, but the son picks up the phone instead. The doctor explains to him that he just gave him father some medicine and wanted to see how he was doing.The son replies,"Well, my moms dead, my sister is pregnant, my butthole hurts, and the dog is cornered." 1 hour ago a package thief, an IRS scammer, and your ex all jump off from the Empire State Building, who lands first on the ground? Who cares. 1 hour ago Contrary to popular belief vampires do like stakes They are great gamblers 1 hour ago Dance like no one's watching! Just be careful of the creepy guy in the corner with the video camera who hasn't moved all night who wants the make you famous on YouTube. 1 hour ago A king was going on a conquest on a faraway land He was going to be leaving his young wife in their castle for who knows how long. He thought to himself: "I don't know how long i will be away but i need to make sure no one will have intercourse with my wife while i am away". So he put a chastity belt on his wife & kept the key. He begged his wife to wait for him until he comes back. But he also thought what if he died while he was away, his wife will be lonely & will not be able to bear children. So he thought of a plan around this. He thought of his best friend, his childhood friend that he has always trusted. He thought to himself: "Ah, i will entrust this to him, in case i will not be able to return"So he called his best friend and entrusted the key to him. He told him: "We have been best friends since we were little children & i trust you with my whole life, i have put a chastity belt on my wife so that no one can have intercourse with her and i am entrusting the key to you. In the event that i will not return, or if i have died in my conquest, you have my permission to use the key & make love to my wife."His best friend accepted and told him: " this is an honor, i will uphold your wishes"A few hours passed & the king left his kingdom for his conquest.Shortly, he noticed someone was running behind him, he saw it was his best friend. He was surprised, and so he asked him:King: What is the matter?Best Friend: I think you gave me the wrong key 1 hour ago My galfriend and I role play "The Fast and the Furious" in bed. Me and her, respectively. 1 hour ago My dad asked if I remembered blowing bubbles as a child He then informed me Bubbles is out of prison and wants to visit me 1 hour ago Nobody : John cena : 1 hour ago text.Load more


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Bringing you a Sunday brunch like no other, the Pullman's award-winning signature restaurant in Jakarta's CBD, Sana Sini offers an
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Matarrese, R.; Castoldi, L.; Morandi, S.; Lietti, L.
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In this study the pathways involved in N2O formation over a commercial LNT catalyst are addressed, when using H2 as a reductant. For this purpose, flow microreactor experiments coupled with FT-IR under operando conditions are used. The results indicate that N2O formation occurs both at the lean-to-rich (primary N2O) and rich-to-lean (secondary N2O) transitions. Primary N2O originates at the reduction front due to the presence of partially reduced PGM sites that do not readily dissociates NO released from the stored NOx. Undissociated NO couples with N-adatoms leading to the formation of N2O. At variance, secondary N2O originates upon oxidation with NO/O2 of reducing species left adsorbed on the catalyst surface (adsorbed CO, isocyanates and possibly NH3) during the rich phase, as pointed out by FT-IR spectroscopy. The concentration of such adsorbed species is however limited and hence the formation of secondary N2O is much smaller than that of primary N2O, when using H2 as reducing agent. The emissions of N2O reduce upon increasing the temperature, and above 250 °C N2O formation is negligible. Finally the reactivity of N2O with adsorbed NOx species (nitrites) and with the actual reductants (H2 and NH3) is also investigated, to provide further indications concerning the pathways leading to N2O emissions. It is found that N2O does not react with NOx species stored downstream the reduction front; at variance both H2 and NH3 may reduce N2O to N2 and water at rather low temperatures. The role of this reaction on N2O emission is herein discussed.
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Glaubitt, Krystyna; Ricci, Maurizio; Giovagnoli, Stefano
To take advantage of solid-state properties, the nano spray-drying (NSD) technique was investigated as an innovative one-step method to produce solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) in the form of a dry powder starting from a lipid/leucine O/W emulsion. Compritol was chosen as wall-forming lipid. Rapamycin (Rp) was employed as a model drug to be loaded into SLN. Based on an initial screening, Lutrol F68 was chosen as surfactant and high-shear homogenization as an emulsification method. A two-level fractional factorial design and an extended factorial design were employed to determine critical factors and best preparation conditions. Compritol concentration, l-leucine/lipid ratio, and Lutrol F68 concentration resulted critical. Best conditions granted 51% yield, 3.2 μm l-leucine/SLN particle size, and a SLN population around 150 nm. All samples showed the presence of lipid aggregates. Material loss in the emulsification step was found responsible for SLN aggregation and low yield. The almost quantitative Rp loading increased SLN population span. Replacing compritol with cetyl palmitate produced aggregation of dry powders and SLN. Overall, NSD was found a fast method to produce SLN dry powders. More insightful assessment of the emulsification step and lipid property effects will be critical to the optimization of the NSD process. Hypotheses account for direct coupling of high-pressure homogenization with NSD for future successful development of this promising manufacturing method.
Chandra, Fiona; Zaks, Lihi; Zhu, Andy
A single efficacy metric quantifying anti-tumor activity in xenograft models is useful in evaluating different tumors' drug sensitivity and dose-response of an anti-tumor agent. Commonly used metrics include the ratio of tumor volume in treated vs. control mice (T/C), tumor growth inhibition (TGI), ratio of area under the curve (AUC), and growth rate inhibition (GRI). However, these metrics have some limitations. In particular, for biologics with long half-lives, tumor volume (TV) of treated xenografts displays a delay in volume reduction (and in some cases, complete regression) followed by a growth rebound. These observed data cannot be described by exponential functions, which is the underlying assumption of TGI and GRI, and the fit depends on how long the tumor volumes are monitored. On the other hand, T/C and TGI only utilizes information from one chosen time point. Here, we propose a new metric called Survival Prolongation Index (SPI), calculated as the time for drug-treated TV to reach a certain size (e.g., 600 mm3) divided by the time for control TV to reach 600mm3 and therefore not dependent on the chosen final time point tf. Simulations were conducted under different scenarios (i.e., exponential vs. saturable growth, linear vs. nonlinear kill function). For all cases, SPI is the most linear and growth-rate independent metric. Subsequently, a literature analysis was conducted using 11 drugs to evaluate the correlation between pre-clinically obtained SPI and clinical overall response. This retrospective analysis of approved drugs suggests that a predicted SPI of 2 is necessary for clinical response.
Serra, Márcio Soares; Gonçalves, Leonardo Zacharias
Permanent fillers are mainly used in the correction of furrows and deep lines of the skin that are beyond the normal facial wrinkles that appear with aging. They can be an excellent option in facial rejuvenation, especially when there is need for facial and body volume restoration, such as in HIV lipodystrophy. Of the permanent fillers currently available, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the most commonly used, and has been shown to be safe, effective, and long lasting.
Kurkin, V. A.; Morozova, T. V.; Pravdivtseva, O. E.; Kurkina, A. V.
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A quantitative determination method for total flavonoids in blood-red hawthorn leaves recalculated as vitexin 2″-O-rhamnoside using difference spectrophotometry at 392 nm was developed. The error of a single determination of total flavonoids in blood-red hawthorn leaves was ± 1.57% with confidence probability 95%. The contents of total flavonoids in blood-red hawthorn leaves varied from 2.65 ± 0.05 to 3.53 ± 0.06%.
Ishida, Tomoaki; Iizuka, Michiro; Ou, Yanglan; Morisawa, Shumpei; Hirata, Ayumu; Yagi, Yusuke; Jobu, Kohei; Morita, Yasuyo; Miyamura, Mitsuhiko
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A decrease in skeletal muscle mass and motor function occurs in diabetic patients. In type 1 diabetic patients, in particular, fast-type fiber-dominated muscle atrophy occurs due to increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Juzentaihoto is a herbal medicine that has been found to be effective in reducing oxidative stress. In this study, juzentaihoto hot water extract (JTT) was administered prophylactically to mice with diabetic oxidative stress, which was induced by an injection of streptozotocin, and the effects on skeletal muscle mass, motor function, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. In mice that were administered JTT, skeletal muscle atrophy and loss of motor function were suppressed. Additionally, the administration of JTT increased the mRNA expression level of Sirt1 and the activity of superoxide dismutase in the gastrocnemius. In addition to skeletal muscle atrophy, atrophy of the liver, spleen and thymus gland, and kidney hypertrophy were also suppressed. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the antioxidant activity of 10 constituent crude drugs that comprise juzentaihoto, Sirt1 transcriptional activity in C2C12 cells was evaluated. The Sirt1 transcriptional activity was increased by Cinnamomi Cortex, Astragali Radix, and Glycyrrhizae Radix extracts. These three constituent crude drugs play an important function in the antioxidant action of juzentaihoto, suggesting that juzentaihoto can prevent muscle atrophy by decreasing oxidative stress.
Patel, Pravin; Pailla, Sravanthi Reddy; Rangaraj, Nagarjun; Cheruvu, Hanumanth Srikanth; Dodoala, Sujatha; Sampathi, Sunitha
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The aim of the current investigation was to generate a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of gliclazide (GCZ) to address the poor solubility and bioavailability. Ternary phase diagram was created with Capmul MCM C8 NF (oil), Cremophor RH 40 (surfactant), and Transcutol HP (co-surfactant) to distinguish the self-emulsifying region. A D-optimal design was employed with three variables, such as oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, for further optimization of liquid (L)-SNEDDS. GCZ-loaded L-SNEDDs were analyzed for globule size, polydispersity index (PDI), and solubility. In vitro dissolution of optimized L-SNEDDS exhibited (F5) faster drug release (97.84%) within 30 min as compared to plain drug (15.99%). The optimized L-SNEDDS was converted to solid (S)-SNEDDS as a self-nanoemulsifying powder (SNEP) and pellets by extrusion-spheronization. Optimized S-SNEDDS were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vitro dissolution of SNEP (S3) and pellet were 90.54 and 73.76%, respectively, at 30 min. In vivo studies showed a twofold rise in bioavailability through SNEDDS with a significant decline in blood glucose levels compared to plain drug suspension suggesting a lipid-based system as an alternative approach for treating diabetes.
Date, Tushar; Paul, Kaushani; Singh, Navneet; Jain, Sanyog
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Oral drug delivery route is one of the most convenient and extensively utilised routes for drug administration. But there exists class of drugs which exhibit poor bioavailability on oral drug administration. Designing of drug–lipid conjugates (DLCs) is one of the rationale strategy utilised in overcoming this challenge. This review extensively covers the various dimensions of drug modification using lipids to attain improved oral drug delivery. DLCs help in improving oral delivery by providing benefits like improved permeability, stability in gastric environment, higher drug loading in carriers, formation of self-assembled nanostructures, etc. The clinical effectiveness of DLCs is highlighted from available marketed drug products along with many DLCs in phase of clinical trials. Conclusively, this drug modification strategy can potentially help in augmenting oral drug delivery in future.
Rouayroux, Naïs; Calmels, Violaine; Bachelet, Bérengére; Sallerin, Brigitte; Divol, Elodie
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Background The computerization of prescriptions with a computerized physician order entry contributes to securing the error-free drug supply, but is not risk-free. Objective: To determine the impact of a computerized physician order entry system on prescribing errors immediately after its implementation and 1 year later. Setting The Cardiology and Diabetology Departments at Toulouse University Hospital, France. Method The prescriptions were analysed by pharmacists over three 30-day periods for 3 consecutive years (N: computerization period, N − 1, N + 1). For each identified error, the prescriber was informed by a pharmaceutical intervention. The pharmaceutical interventions were counted and arranged according to the classification by the French Society of Clinical Pharmacy. Their average numbers and clinical impacts were compared for each period using t-tests and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Main outcome measure The average numbers of pharmaceutical interventions. Results In total, 12.1 pharmaceutical interventions per 100 patient days were done during the N − 1 period, 14.1 during N and 9.6 during N + 1. Among those, 3.6 (N) and 2.1 (N + 1) were related to the computerization itself, and 10.5 (N) and 7.5 (N + 1) were not. The average number of computerization-related pharmaceutical interventions significantly decreased from N to N + 1 (p = 0.04). The average number of classic interventions decreased from N − 1 to N + 1 (p = 0.02). The clinical impacts of the computerization related errors were similar to those of other errors. Conclusion The implementation of the computerized physician order entry induced the appearance of specific computerized-related errors, but the number of classic errors decreased. The entry-system related errors were not more severe than other errors, and the number decreased after 1 year.
Tamhane, Mitalee; Cabrera-Ghayouri, Sara; Abelian, Grigor; Viswanath, Veena
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Biomarkers provide a powerful and dynamic approach to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ocular diseases with applications in diagnosis, disease modulation or for predicting and monitoring of clinical response to treatment. Defined as measurable indicator of normal or pathological processes, biomarker evaluation has been used extensively in drug development within clinical settings to better comprehend effectiveness of treatment in ocular diseases. Biomarkers in the eye have the advantage of access to multiple ocular matrices via minimally invasive methods. Repeat sampling for biomarker assessment has enabled reproducible objective measures of disease process or biological responses to a drug treatment. This review describes the usage of biomarkers with respect to four commonly sampled ocular matrices in clinic: tears, conjunctiva, aqueous humor and vitreous. Issues that affect the evaluation of biomarkers are discussed along with opportunities to leverage biomarkers such that ultimately, they can be used for customized targeted therapy.
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