text:
Found 5 South East England jobs for £30,000 - £39,999
Broaden your search
Refine your search
Career Level
South East England
Remove selection
- Kent 3
- London (Greater) 1
- Oxfordshire 1
Salary Band
£30,000 - £39,999
Remove selection
Contract Type
Recruiter Type
Specialty Doctor in Emergency Medicine - Margate
This is an exciting time to join our Emergency Departments' teams which are at the heart of the Trust services. We are currently undergoing an ambi...
Top job
Consultant in Emergency Medicine
Consultants in Emergency Medicine (Accident and Emergency) £77,913 - £105,042 per annum (based on 10 PA's), dependent on experience Plus competit...
Top job
Specialty Doctor in Emergency Medicine - Ashford
This is an exciting time to join our Emergency Departments' teams which are at the heart of the Trust services. We are currently undergoing an ambi...
Top job
Clinical Fellow
Applications are invited for the 2019-2020 & 2020-2021 round of the Queen Square fellowships program
Novo Nordisk Clinical Research Training Fellow in Diabetes and Metabolism
Applications are invited from clinicians wishing to undertake research with a focus on diabetes and metabolism, and obtain a DPhil (PhD).
Specialty Doctor in Community Child Health
This is an exciting time to join East Kent Hospital University Foundation Trust and in particular the Community Child Health Service. The service w...
Specialty Doctor in Urology
We are currently looking for a Specialty Doctor in Urology at Kent and Canterbury Hospital to support our Consultant teams in our forward looking p...
Trust Doctor in Vascular Surgery (ST1)
The Department provides in-patient vascular services from Canterbury with out-patient and diagnostic services at peripheral sites. East Kent offers...
Courses you may be interested in
Physicians General Update Masterclass
In this practical and interactive masterclass our expert speakers will bring you fully up to date on a broad range of conditions that you are likely to encounter in hospital bas...
CORE (Level 1) Emergency Ultrasound Course 13th March 2019
Our very popular one day CORE (level 1) Emergency Ultrasound course addresses the knowledge and practical skills recommended by the Royal College of Emergency Medicine as necess...
GP General update Masterclass
Our GP General Update masterclass is designed for general practitioners of all grades, to help you keep up-to-date with the latest developments in primary care and earn valuable...
BMJ Masterclasses GP General Update - Birmingham
The BMJ Masterclasses GP General Update event features a programme of expert speakers who will keep you up to date in 12 core clinical topics and earn you 12 CPD credits for y...
FRCEM Primary Revision Course in Iceland - 7th to 9th May
Provided by: Bromley Emergency Courses Basic sciences preparation course for the FRCEM Primary Exam and practice papers with reviews of answers Delivery Method: Lectures and m...


text: Heritage Foods India Ltd Import Export Data - Import Export Company Heritage Foods India Ltd Export Import Data Heritage Foods India Ltd, is a premier company that exports and imports goods from countries including Singapore, and host of other countries. Heritage Foods India Ltd, is a premier company that exports and imports goods from countries including Singapore, and host of other countries. Address: 6-3-541/C, PanjaguttaExport ShipmentsHeritage Foods India Ltd is a leading exporter of "HERITAGE" BRAND PURE COW GHEE, "HERITAGE" BRAND PURE COW GHEE, "HERITAGE" BRAND PURE COW GHEE, "HERITAGE " BRAND PURE COW GHEE., "HERITAGE " BRAND PURE COW GHEE., having HS Codes 20059000. The company has its head office at 6-3-541/C, Panjagutta. The company primarily exports products to Singapore and ships its consignments mainly to Not Available.DateHS CodeProduct Exported India PortForeign CountryForeign Port QuantityUnit22-09-200320059000"HERITAGE" BRAND PURE COW GHEEMadras SeaSingaporeNot Available840Nos22-09-200320059000"HERITAGE" BRAND PURE COW GHEEMadras SeaSingaporeNot Available1560Nos22-09-200320059000"HERITAGE" BRAND PURE COW GHEEMadras SeaSingaporeNot Available3000Nos29-11-200404059020"HERITAGE " BRAND PURE COW GHEE.Madras SeaSingaporeChangi3000Nos29-11-200404059020"HERITAGE " BRAND PURE COW GHEE.Madras SeaSingaporeChangi660Nos Sample Data Download Top Similar Exporters:Ushodaya Enterprises Ltd Ushodaya Enterprises Ltd Wyanad Foods Incorporated146 Mooving Traders Ushodaya Enterprises Ltd Star Broadband Servicesi Pvt Ltd Ushodaya Enterprises Ltd Economic Food Solutions P Ltd Swathi Corporation Vedha Quality Foods Pvt Ltd Tmk Oversead Ltdtpvi Heritage Foods India Ltd Home Maid Foods Spicespost Abin Food Products49213 1St Economic Food Solutions P Harnarain Gokalchand Kalyan Ace International Tmk Overseas Limitedtpvi Yash Enterprise Monisha Impex Pardes Dehydration Company Shilpa Impex Skyway Marketing Pvt Ltd Sangvi Agro Pulses Browse by Products : ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Browse by Companies : A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Latest Export Import News DateSubject 20-02-2019National electronics policy approved; know key features 20-02-2019Safran to make LEAP engine parts in Hyd 20-02-2019Oil slips from 2019 high as economy worries weigh 20-02-2019India's thermal coal imports likely to rise 10% in 2019: Adani Power 20-02-2019Cabinet decisions: Boost to coal, oil and gas output; DA hiked by 3% 19-02-2019IOC signs $1.5 billion deal to buy US crude oil 19-02-2019Euro gains as US-China trade-talk optimism boosts sentiment 19-02-2019Rupee loses 11 paise to end at 71.34 vs USD on crude oil scare 19-02-2019SC junks PIL seeking ban on animal slaughter for meat export 19-02-2019Up the value chain: IOC first Indian refiner to sign oil supply deal with US Get a Heritage Foods India Ltd Import Export Data Sample Report Which service(s) are you interested in? Export Data Import Data Both Buyers Suppliers Both OR Exim Help + =

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Question: How do law enforcement officials determine whether someone gets a ticket or a warning?
Answer: Whether you get a speeding ticket or warning during a traffic stop largely depends on the officer who stops you, according to Dubuque County Sheriff Joe Kennedy.
When he worked road patrol, for example, his philosophy was that if he stopped someone going at least 15 mph over the speed limit, the driver would definitely receive a ticket.
The attitude of the driver also can play a role in whether someone receives a ticket and the extent of the citations, Kennedy said. Ultimately though, officer preference plays an important role, he said.
"We try not to micromanage our deputies in that way," Kennedy said. "They make their own decisions."
Dubuque Assistant Police Chief Jeremy Jensen also said officers look at the totality of the situation when deciding whether to give someone a ticket.
"A lot of people want (to know), 'How fast can I go before you're going to give me a ticket?'" he said. "And there's not (a standard for that)."
Police Department policy includes guidance that officers consider factors such as road conditions, whether the violation was intentional, the seriousness of the violation and the extent of injury or property damage.
The policy states that written warnings are appropriate "in cases where the officer believes the violation by the motorist was inadvertent and/or does not constitute a serious infraction and the officer believes a written warning will serve to deter future violations."
Citations are appropriate for violations that are more serious or intentional, that result in injury or property damage or "when the officer determines the violator's prior traffic history and/or the violator's demeanor with the officer indicates that a verbal or written warning would have little impact on deterring future traffic violations of a similar manner."
Question: Does the City of Dubuque have a plan for the open field just west of the floodwall and south of the Grand Harbor Resort?
Answer: City officials hope they someday will be able to develop a public-private partnership to complete a project on the site, according to City Manager Mike Van Milligen.
In a statement to the Telegraph Herald, he wrote that officials do not yet know what that project might be. However, they do not want condominiums or apartments in the space.
"Someday the right project will come along, and until that time, the city just needs to be patient with a site like this that is so unique and rare," Van Milligen wrote.


text:
We are dedicated to shaping your child with world class enrichment programs and creative learning experiences! We offer many exciting and fun full enrichment activities that encourages your child to participate happily.
Be the first to review this childcare provider. Write a review about RedRose Montessori School. Let other families know what's great, or what could be improved. Please read our brief review guidelines to make your review as helpful as possible.


text:
Rudy Wolff was born in Norway at the end of the hippie era and grew up in the synthpop epoch. Already from her childhood on, she was into ancien régime history and high fashion. After studying languages at high school, she soon started with university studies in history, art history, and literature. This was later supplied by innovation and marketing at BI Norwegian Business School. Today she studies French and pedagogy.
As for her professional career, she started as a a high school lecturer after frelancing, with many parallell projects such as running her own boutique or writing articles for lifestyle magazines. In 2009 she debuted as an autodidact couture designer, and within the first five years she had shows and exhibitions over three continents. Later combining this with photography and art, she has organized three solo exhibitions as well. So far.
From 2012 she has marked her presence in France, where she typically spends parts of the year, and is currently working on various Norwegian-French projects while also teaching expats Norrwegian for a global contractor. "- I go where desity, with a good help from myself, takes me," she adds.
Read more about Rudy Wolff and her background at LinkedIn.
She also has a Twitter account.
Interested in the fashion/costume design part? Please confer the dedicated website
Educated an historian, Wolff also run several social media groups on ...
fashion history ...
Marie Antoinette, and ...


text: How to Hatchimals Limited Edition Posted on November 3, 2018 by rory2 Videos Sam and Sue have got 50 little Hatchimal eggs to open today! They want to find a golden Hatchimal and they hope there is one among those 50 eggs. Join them … RELATED Review of Hatchibabies Cheetree Egg Hatching


text:
News results for "review"
http://blog.consumerguide.com - The 2019 model year is a momentous one for domestic-brand full-size pickups. The Chevrolet Silverado, GMC Sierra, and Ram 1500 are all redesigned, and the Ford F-150 sees some notable updates.
First Spin Review: 2019 Chevrolet Blazer
http://blog.consumerguide.com - If you were hoping that Chevrolet's anticipated revival of its Blazer nameplate would result in a modern-day off-roader that could square off against Ford's soon-to-be-unveiled 2020 Bronco, we've got bad news for you. Whether you recall the original "K5" Blazer of 1969-1994, or the S-10 compact-pickup-based version that ran from 1982-2005, you might want to […]The Daily Drive | Consumer Guide® - News, Opinion, Photos, and Videos on the Latest Cars and Trucks
2019 GMC Sierra AT4 New Dad Review: Versatile and Empowering, But Too Much for Suburban Family Duty
http://www.thedrive.com - I finally did it: I'm a dad. The funny thing is, I've always owned dad cars, even before I needed to.
2019 Chevrolet Blazer Review & Road Test (with video)
https://www.youtube.com - With a name that harkens back to rugged Blazers of yore, the 2019 Chevrolet Blazer forges…er…blazes its own path; though that path probably won't involve unpaved roads. Crafted for urban and suburban use, the latest Blazer rides and steers in satisfying fashion while treating occupants to a roomy, comfortable, tech-filled cabin.
https://www. kbb.
2019 Chevrolet Blazer - Which SUV Personality Are You? Video Review
https://www.youtube.com - Video roadtest review:
2019 Chevrolet Blazer First Drive Review: A Crossover Comeback, With Mixed Results
http://www.thedrive.com - The Chevrolet Blazer is back. To dispense with the obvious, this isn't the grandfatherly, old K5; that square-bodied hulk of a convertible SUV has no place in today's world, sadly.
2019 Chevrolet Blazer Quick Drive
https://www.youtube.com - For 2019, Chevrolet brings back an old SUV name that hasn't been seen in decades. But the new Blazer spotlights modern technology and convenience rather than old school ruggedness.
The 2019 Chevrolet Blazer Is No Retro Ride (with video)
https://www.youtube.com - Video roadtest review:
2019 Chevrolet Blazer first drive review
https://www.digitaltrends.com - The 2019 Chevrolet Blazer is retro in name only. It's aimed at buyers looking for a mid-size, two-row SUV. The lineup includes an upmarket Premier trim, and an RS package that's more than just paint and blackout trim.
Cooper Tire Discoverer SRX Review
https://www.autoguide.com - This is a budget-friendly tire that won't break the bank.


text:
Redmi Note 7 launch confirmed for February 28
The recently released Redmi Note 7 in china. The company confirmed that the new Redmi Note 7 will be launchedRead more
The recently released Redmi Note 7 in china. The company confirmed that the new Redmi Note 7 will be launchedRead more
Both Xiaomi and Redmi have been teasing the Note 7 phone with a 48MP camera setup on their Indian social media accounts.Read more
Redmi has announced its first Android Go smartphone in Europe for €80 and it will go for sale starting fromRead more
In the last couple of months, there are several leaks about the Redmi Go smartphone. It will be first everRead more
Xiaomi launched the Redmi Note 7 Pro in China recently. At the same launch event, Xiaomi confirmed to unveil the RedmiRead more
If you weren't already impressed with Redmi Note 7's 48MP camera maybe Night mode will change your mind. This update wasRead more
Xiaomi recently confirmed that Redmi will act as a separate brand from now on. Today, Redmi officially introduced for theRead more
Xiaome is about to launch its next Redmi Note 7, as it already exists on Geekbench. According to the market,Read more
Tech industry has seen a few breakups that are still fresh in our memories. In the smartphone industry, OnePlus splitRead more
It may finally be getting a sequel as teasers have started cropping up on Weibo, one of which points toRead more


text:
Quality of Life and Professional Orientation for People with Intellectual Disabilities in Northern Italy: A Case Study
The concept of quality of life is receiving more attention as a tool for evaluating policies and practices aimed at people with disabilities. This case study describes the process of professional inclusion of Giulia, a girl with intellectual disabilities, over the last three years of her attendance at a professional school in Northern Italy and the impact that this experience had on her quality of life and on the quality of life of the people who took part in this project. This research intends to: describe the three-year individualised process that leads to the professional inclusion of a girl with intellectual disabilities in a restaurant; highlight the benefits deriving from work for both oneself and one's work colleagues; emphasise synergies and strategies used in this experience. The paper ends with an analysis of the factors that can favour a positive experience and which can be a starting-point for other, similar experiences.
Keywords: Quality of life, Life project, Supported employment, Intellectual disability, Inclusion
The concept of quality of life (hereafter QOL) is receiving increasing attention as a tool for evaluating the policies and practices implemented to promote the well-being of individuals (Balboni et al., 2013). This construct is defined with reference to social, cultural, economic, environmental and relational aspects that contribute to improve the living conditions of individuals (Bigby & Beadle-Brown, 2018; Castro et al., 2017; Chao, 2018). There are different models of QOL (see, for example, Felce and Perry, 1995; Cummins, 2005) but there seems to be agreement with regard to some conceptual principles (Schalock et al., 2002): the multidimensional nature of QOL, the presence of subjective and objective components,, the influence of different factors, its dynamic nature and the awareness that this is a broader concept than that of health (Tillman et al., 2018; Totsika et al., 2017). QOL is defined with reference to a series of dimensions which, according to Hughes and colleagues, (1995) are: psychological well-being and personal satisfaction; social relations; study and employment; physical and material well-being; self-determination, autonomy and choice; ability to make decisions; personal competence; community adaptation and the possibility of living independently; integration and inclusion in the community; social acceptance, role and social status; adaptation; identity and belonging; personal development and self-realisation; quality of the residential, learning and living environment; learning opportunities throughout life; free time; standardisation and accessibility; some demographic and social aspects; some personal characteristics; responsibility and support received from social services.
Measuring QOL in the Field of Intellectual Disabilities
In the field of intellectual disabilities (hereafter ID), the most widely used model was made by Schalock and colleagues (2010) and emphasises the importance of domains (defined as the set of factors that make up personal well-being) and indicators (considered as perceptions, behaviours or specific conditions that reflect the well-being of a person). This model provides eight domains that refer to three factors: well-being (physical, material, emotional); independence (personal development, self-determination); social participation (interpersonal relationships, social inclusion, rights). Lombardi et al., (2016) describe the different domains as follows:
• Physical well-being: being in good health, which derives from elements such as good nutrition, healthy lifestyle, care received, ability to control pain and stress;
• Material well-being: financial status, work, housing and any possessions;
• Emotional well-being: sense of satisfaction with oneself and with one's life, positive mood, perception of a pleasant relationship with oneself and with the world;
• Self-determination: ability and degree of satisfaction with one's ability to make choices to make choices, express one's own preferences, take advantage of the opportunities that the environment offers based on personal desires and goals;
• Personal development: satisfaction and ability to assert one's own autonomy in all contexts and for the entire life span;
• Interpersonal relationships: enjoying connecting and interacting with family members, friends and acquaintances;
• Social inclusion: feeling part of a group and a community, exercising social roles and satisfying one's own living environment, taking full advantage of the resources it offers;
• Rights and empowerment: being guaranteed and enjoying the benefits of the protection enjoyed by everyone as a human being, thanks to the existence and respect of appropriate laws.
QOL is usually measured using some scales (such as Cummins, 1997; Schalock and Keith 1994; Claes et al., 2010). The use of these tools presents notable elements of controversy particularly for people with disabilities, such as the relationship between objective and subjective indicators, ways of involving the individual with intellectual disabilities and opportunities to include/access the opinions of family members (Balboni et al., 2013). Despite these problems, all the areas described contribute to defining the life projects of people with intellectual disabilities.
The Life Projects of People with ID
The life project is a system composed of multiple procedures, recommendations and indications that aims to promote and change the lives of people with intellectual disabilities and develop collaborative action programmes to achieve personal goals in the context of an inclusive life in the community, of recognition and respect for the right to full citizenship, in a positive social and relational climate, supporting and facilitating knowledge and competence and attributing roles, values and social functions to the person (Palissera et al., 2018). The perspective of the life project requires creating a network, and working to create links and opportunities for communication between distinct entities (be they people, bodies or resources), but which can converge towards shared action. The centre of the project is the subject and his/her family (Kramer & Schwartz, 2018). The school then plays a fundamental role. This, in fact, has as its primary task the global development of students, accompanies them during the first part of their life span and allows them to enter society and acquire a social role (Kramer et al., 2018; Samuel et al., 2018). In Italy, an Individualised Educational Plan (EIP) is drawn up for each student, which becomes the basis on which to build a wider life project that requires a mutually advantageous exchange between the actions of family members, institutions, professionals and members of the local community. Finally, the community is involved in the construction of the life project, understood as both the network of formal services that help the subject, and the set of more informal relationships that exist within the contexts he or she lives in (Ruzzante, 2018). The perspective of the life project requires dialogue with potential futures, imagining the individual as an adult and, as much as possible, an autonomous one. Through the life project we try to create in the present the conditions for the future (García-Grau et al., 2018).
Transition from School to Employment for People With ID
Professional employment becomes one of the key indicators of QOL and can bring about a series of benefits both for the wellbeing of the individual and for society (Sheppard-Jones et al., 2018). When we talk about autonomy and growth we cannot think that it does not pass through the work that is the basis of the organisation of society. For people with intellectual disabilities it is essential to build projects that accompany young people through the transition from the world of education to that of employment. In Italy, targeted projects named 'Personalised Process' are foreseen that allow students with disabilities to experiment with their skills in different workplaces while they are still in school. These are personal projects, not just work placement projects, but which also prepare them for their role in a work environment (Jacobs et al., 2018) and this implies, according to Wheman et al., (2018): accepting the compromise between subjective needs and adaptation requests, responding to expectations of the role and establishing relations of prosociality. These projects can work if two needs are met: the job satisfaction of the person and their efficiency in the workplace. It would be a mistake, in fact, to think that the subject can do a job well that does not satisfy him or her or is efficient in an environment that is not suitable for them. In these cases, there is the risk of creating an insertion based on welfare forms and that the person can settle into a situation that causes dissatisfaction. The starting-point must always be how the subject feels, what they aspire to according to their vision of the world, looking for the best way to achieve it with them (Mitchell et al., 2018). It is important to take into consideration what has been achieved during the course of the school career, within the various services and in the previous experiences of the individual. All this is followed by specific assessment activities that should aim to: analyse the actual opportunities to make choices that the person has, taking into account the limitations, of the person by reason of the limitations imposed by his impairments and disability and, sometimes, also by the prejudices present in his living environment; highlighting the strengths, functional abilities and capacities, cognitive, physical and emotional assets and the analysis of potentials useful for learning skills to be used for the development of a profession. Understanding a person's potential is fundamental, as it allows us to better define the trajectory to be developed (Luecking et al., 2018). Subsequently, we can move on to the analysis of the training and working environments, which represents the reference scenario for constructing training paths that can be adapted to that subject. It is necessary to have a realistic picture of what the territory offers, what the market requires, how it can be effectively influenced so as not to create unrealistic expectations in the subject, and offers that are not really productive for the business context. This is also the phase in the definition of the subject's knowledge, skills and availability that is linked to motivations, interests and attitudes. The third phase is support for the choice, which concerns aspects such as the type of work, existing conditions, necessary training and remuneration. The last phase, that of the planning for work adaptation, is linked to a series of the future worker's characteristics that are not directly related to the work itself, but are indispensable for maintaining it. These characteristics are defined as behavioural skills (such as punctuality), social and personal capacities (emotional regulation) the ability to work (to understand the key concepts related to the type of work) (Riesen & Jameson, 2018).
QOL is measured through scales that evaluate only some aspects of subject's lives. These tools, however, hardly grasp how the experience in reality is not only individual, but is lived with other people and is influenced by them. This research intends to:
• Describe the three-year individualised process that leads to the professional inclusion of a girl with intellectual disabilities in a restaurant;
• Highlight the benefits deriving from work for both oneself and one's work colleagues;
• Emphasise synergies and strategies that favour positive experiences that can be replicated within different contexts.
Research Design
This qualitative study was guided by a single-case study. This case study was chosen for the positive outcome of the experience. In this way it was possible to describe and analyze the factors that contributed to this positive outcome. A case study research is characterized as an approach "that facilitates exploration of a phenomenon within its context using a variety of data sources." A case study is "an intensive, holistic description and analysis of a bounded phenomenon such as a program, an institution, a person, a process, or a social unit." (Baxter & Jack 2008: 544). The case study' s characteristics are: particularistic (focusing on particular situation, event, program, or phenomenon); descriptive (yielding a rich, thick description of the phenomenon under study); and heuristic (illuminating the reader's understanding of phenomenon under study) (Yazan, 2015). Case studies are intensive analyses and descriptions of a single unit or system bounded by space and time. Through case studies, it is possible to gain in - depth understanding of situations and meaning for those involved. Researcher identifies topic or questions of interest, determines appropriate unit to represent it, and defines what is known based on careful analysis of multiple sources of information about the case. Research process is defined by systematic series of steps designed to provide careful analysis of the case (Hancock & Algozzine, 2016).
Ethical Approval
The research was carried out with the permission of all people involved; for example, people with disabilities, families, and representatives of the services. The data collected during the research were treated on a confidential basis. The anonymity of participants have been protected throughout the research process and thereafter in any future published work. The results come from a precise and detailed analysis of the collected materials. The answers of the interviews were not taken out of context and small parts of observation were not been discussed without putting them in the appropriate context.
Semi-structured used in interviews and focus groups with all the actors involved in the project (girl with disability, her parents, the educator who accompanies her at school, the social worker) and direct observation. As Noor (2008) noted: the choice of semistructured interview allowed to better understand the perspective of the interviewees and offered sufficient flexibility to approach different respondents differently while still covering the same areas of data collection. The interviews were tape - recorded to secure an accurate account of the conversations and avoid loosing data since not everything can be written down during interviews.
The main questions of the interviews include: well being derived from work activity, importance of the role of each actor in the construction of the experience and type of supports offered to people with disability. Focus group discussion is a way to elicit multiple perspective on a given topic and is used to capture data on the attitudes of the different actors involved in the research. This method drives research through openness, which is about receiving multiple perspectives about the meaning of truth in situations where the observer cannot be separated from the phenomenon. The focus groups allowed to share the different opinions. In particular, we discussed: the decision-making procedures, the elements of strength and criticality of the project, the main elements emerged from the analysis of the interviews and from the observations and the elements that define the success of the experience (Hyett et al., 2014). Participant observation is where the researcher observed phenomena of interest in the environment studied to draw information which was not obtainable from other methods. What had been observed by the researcher was related to the strategies and accommodations used during the activities. Observation generated insight and better understanding on the phenomenon under studied (Hancock & Algozzine, 2016). The decision to combine the direct observation of activities with collecting the points of view of all the actors enables the triangulation of the data and denotes the will to give voice to all of the subjects involved and to bring out the different points of view.
Data Analysis
Data analysis is "the process of making sense out of the data which involves consolidating, reducing, and interpreting what people have said and what the researcher has seen and read – it is the process of making meaning" (Hancock & Algozzine, 2016). The collected data were analyzed using an interpretative phenomenological approach (IPA) aimed at exploring in detail the participants' views on their experiences. IPA can be used to analyze data in order to develop thick descriptions (i.e. not just behavior, but context as well) that may help to shed light on human experience. An IPA researcher must approach their data with two topics. The first aim is to try to understand the participants' world and opinion. The second aim is to develop a more overtly interpretative analysis, which positions the initial ''description'' in relation to a wider cultural, social, and theoretical context. This second-order account aims to provide a conceptual and critical commentary upon the participants' personal ''sensemaking'' activities. The first step involved a repeated reading of each transcript, then identifying, and finally writing down all the interesting and significant elements that emerge from the data. The second step was to identify patterns of recurring content (abstraction process) and organization of the patterns in emerging themes (from the comments to the issues). Two independent raters conducted analysis. The two raters coded the data independently and then met to compare analyses. Any discrepancies were resolved through discussion. The themes were not selected on the basis of their frequency, but their meaning and their relevance and similarities and differences were highlighted between groups of participants. Then data were organized into thematic categories in order to capture the meaning of the experience. Finally, the last step was the identification of the relationship between the issues identified. Some themes are grouped, other categories become superordinate (Smith & Osborn, 2003). Two aspects emerged with great clarity: the process and the impact of this experience on the life of the subjects.
In the first part of the results I described in detail the case. The purpose of the detailed description was to exemplify the way in which the data were analyzed. In the second part, I have stressed the result of a comparison that aimed to discern similar and different features among the different point of view in order to identify the elements and strategies that can promote a positive experience.
Description of the Process
The project was carried out with Giulia (all names were changed), a girl with an intellectual disability, in the period between September 2015 and June 2018, the time when she finished her studies at a professional school in Northern Italy. The research was undertaken with the understanding and written consent of each participant. Giulia lives in a small town in Northern Italy with her mum Roberta (48 years old), her dad Vincenzo (52 years old) and her sister Federica (23 years old). Roberta is a kindergarten teacher; she only works in the morning and she spends the afternoon with Giulia. Vincenzo is a computer technician; he has a small individual company. Roberta is a undergraduate student and she actually lives in a different city. As evidenced by the functional diagnosis written by the Neuropsychiatry Service: Giulia is a girl with Down Syndrome with a moderate level of intellectual disability (IQ 50). She has had two heart surgeries but now her health conditions are good. She has visual problems especially when there are stairs and she uses glasses. She takes care of her personal hygiene and dresses herself. She moves independently and uses public transport. She knows how to use money but she has problems with the rest. For this she uses the calculator. At school she follows a individualised school planning with simplifications and reductions of the program. She has attention problems and she needs a break between one activity and another. Giulia has good cognitive and comprehension skills especially if the language is simple and concrete. She has more difficulty if the language is abstract. She has an excellent short- and long-term memory. She has a good motion skills but her execution times are long. On the other hand, in the mathematical sphere there are more critical issues, above all linked to the sphere of logic.
In the kitchen and bar laboratories she moves autonomously, even though the teachers are worried that she could get hurt, so they do not allow her to approach the stoves. Relationship management is more difficult. Especially when she struggles with a task, or is afraid not to be able to complete the task required, it is difficult for her to ask for help and she tends to get stuck and close in on herself, in a mutism that can even last for hours. The presentation of the project is divided into the three years during which Giulia worked in different places.
From September 2015 to June 2016
Giulia has always shown a great passion for food, she states, helping her mother in the kitchen and often preparing lunches, snacks and dinners for her friends. Having reached the second year of professional school, the school proposes that, like all the other students, she take a training course in a workplace context. During the planning stages, her parents, the teachers, the educator who accompanies her at school, the social worker and the contact person from the Neuropsychiatry department participate alongside Giulia. All decisions are made by mutual agreement, involving all actors. The first place identified for the project is the canteen of a kindergarten. The features that make this environment ideal are: proximity to her place of residence and the possibility of reaching it using public transportation; the small size (60 children, 4 teachers and two cooks); family management: the presence of two cooks, one of whom already knows Giulia, who are directly responsible for the structure. Attendance is scheduled for one day per week: Tuesdays, from 9.00am to 1.00pm. Giulia is supported by the two cooks: Giusi, who assigns tasks to Giulia and is her point of reference, and the educator, Stefania, who accompanies and supports her in carrying out the required tasks.
The day is divided into seven blocks that are repeated:
• Attendance check: Giulia enters the different classes to ask teachers for the number of children present, to be communicated to the cooks;
• Distribution of the mid-morning snack: she prepares the trays and peels the fruit to be delivered to each class;
• Preparation of the dishes: she prepares the vegetables and supports the cook in cooking the first and second courses;
• Accommodation in the dining room: she loads the cart, sets the tables with crockery, bread and jugs for water;
• Service: she helps the cook with the distribution of dishes to children, paying attention also to filling the pitchers with water;
• Room tidy-up: Giulia retrieves her trolley, clears and arranges the tables, loads the dishwasher and cleans the cooker;
• Lunch with colleagues: the last operation of the day is lunch with colleagues and the compilation of the daily activity diary.
From September 2016 to 2017
The experience at the kindergarten ended positively, so much so that the team decided to repeat it the following school year for one day a week, but without Stefania's presence. Giulia's potential led the team to choose a new, more challenging environment. The second place chosen for the project is a large restaurant, selected for: its large size (280 guests, covered per day, 3 chefs, and 4 waiters) with more sustained work rhythms and an increase in relationships and sensitivity on the part of the owner to the issues of disability.Attendance is initially scheduled for one day a week: Wednesday, from 9.00 am to 2.30 pm. In the months of December and March/April, Giulia also goes to the restaurant on the other days of the week. Giulia is again supported by Stefania and the assistant chef Dimitri, who assigns tasks to her and is her point of reference within the organisation.
Within this context, the routines are:
• Preparation of the side dishes: Giulia cleans, cuts, seasons the various vegetables and places them in the appropriate containers;
• Preparation of cold dishes: (such as cold cuts and cheeses), arranged on a large table, always available to customers;
• Cooking on the grill: Giulia then prepares the bruschetta, grilled meat and vegetables, to be left available to customers in the buffet area;
• Support in cooking food: only after completing her other tasks, Giulia assists the cooks in the preparation of dishes, but without approaching the stove;
• Use of the fryer: during lunchtime, Giulia checks that the container for French fries is always full and, when necessary, operates the fryer;
• Composition of the dishes: when the customers arrive, Giulia serves at the tables;
• Lunch with colleagues: after the flow of customers, the cooks and waiters eat together before tidying up the dining room. Giulia, having finished her meal, fills in the diary and goes home.
From September 2017 to June 2018
The experience at the restaurant reveals a lot of potential but also some problems. The team decides, for the last year of school, to identify a new establishment to build on the earlier experience at the kindergarten. The place chosen is a medium-sized farm (150 people per day, 1 chef, and 4 waiters) and family-run, with a owner (and cook) sensitive to the issues of disability. The attendance remains unchanged from the previous school year: Wednesday, from 9.00 to 2.30pm. In this case, too, for some months of the year, Giulia goes to the restaurant on the remaining days as well. Davide, the owner and chef, is Giulia's point of reference. Initially, Giulia is accompanied by Stefania. The routines of the day are:
• Preparation of the buffet of side dishes: cleaning and seasoning vegetables for the buffet;
• Support in cooking food: Giulia helps the cook in the kitchen, with duties of increasing responsibility during the various stages of cooking food, up to cooking completely autonomously;
• Composition of the dishes: with the arrival of the customers, Giulia serves at the tables;
• Lunch with colleagues before going home.
Stefania's presence becomes less necessary and, from March onwards, Giulia works independently. Davide expresses his desire to expand the menu of the restaurant with dishes proposed by Giulia. Giulia welcomes this with concern, but also with enthusiasm, and chooses pizzoccheri and panna cotta which, judged very tasty by her colleagues, are included in the farm's menu. In June, Giulia is hired with a permanent contract. Davide justifies his choice by recognising the importance of the work for Giulia, but also the added value that she brings to the organisation.
Theme 1: The Elements of Well-being
After presenting the path Giulia took, it is interesting to focus on the elements that define Giulia's QOL. A first element is physical and emotional well being:
"Giulia learns quickly, has good skills, but must feel welcomed and understood, knowing that she can make mistakes, then she gets involved and the results are seen. If satisfied, the expression on her face is unmistakable, the look says it all" (Giusi, tutor)
It is evident the satisfaction when Giulia completes a task correctly, when she receives a compliment or overcomes a fear by asking her colleagues for help. Both family members and colleagues declare that all emotions are recognisable on her face. Conversely the efforts to cope with the rhythms and manage frustrations, tensions and difficulties are the main obstacles to well-being:
"There were some critical issues, times are tight, we sometimes reply to each other badly, but we know how to understand each other. Not with her. There were times that she closed up without an apparent reason; this has conditioned the experience" (Dimitri, tutor).
Another important element refers to rights, empowerment and material well being. The right to work is one of the main rights enshrined in Italian law and the salary favours greater economic autonomy and the opportunity to plan one's own future:
"Giulia always says that have a work it is important for her future, and we agree with her opinion" (family members).
Also self determination and personal development are important. The first decision in which Giulia is the protagonist is to do an internships in the hotel sector, as per her wish. Giulia's opinion is crucial in beginning and continuing or interrupting the activity:
'I realised that I want to be a cook, the children and teachers are nice, I felt good, I learned new things. At the beginning I had trouble going to talk to the teachers, then I learned. It was nice to see the children waiting for me and laughing" (Giulia).
Giulia makes increasingly autonomous choices, both in terms of organisation and management of the procedures and in the proposals. She becomes increasingly sure of herself until she is working independently. One of the essential characteristics of the path is experimentation:
'It is right to aim high and experiment and evaluate skills, the positive results have been there. Some characteristics of the context make Giulia's work more complicated, the rhythms that are too fast, that send her into confusion, tiredness, her difficulty with asking for help. It is useful for the future' (Stefania, educator).
Another important topic is social inclusion and interpersonal relationship that is particularly significant dimension in Giulia's case, as she sometimes struggles with relationships. Work is an opportunity to compare yourself with a specific task and having role in a job affords people recognition as active members of society, which is especially important for people with disabilities, who are often perceived as mere users of services made available to them. Just the difficulty in being part of the group is the basis for the difficulties Giulia encounters:
"I liked being in the restaurant but sometimes it was difficult, I liked to work alone, to see things prepared by me. I was happy when I saw happy customers. When it was difficult, I stopped for a while" (Giulia).
Theme 2: Factors and Strategies that Favour A Successful Experience
A second set of signs emerges regarding the identification of factors and strategies that can contribute to creating a successful experience. A first element refers to the identification of rhythms and the tasks:
"The most important problem are frenetic rhythms and deliveries that are not always clear, which creates difficulties for Giulia, who does not always manage to ask for help. Another problem is strict separation of tasks between those involved in the preparation of the first and second courses, with consequent difficulty in identifying the tasks that could be entrusted to Giulia" (Dimitri, tutor).
Linked to the rhythms and the task is the assessment of the abilities of the subject that must be valued:
"I considered the possibility of entrusting Giulia with increasingly complex tasks, starting from simpler tasks. I increased her duties, respecting her rhythms. I recognize the importance of Giulia also for the context and the environment is available to understand problems with Giulia and find solutions. We negotiated solution with Giulia, we discuss together. We discovered that these solutions were useful also for other colleagues and also for their well being" (Davide, owner).
Another particularly important element is communication within the workplace:
"A big problem is caused by tensions and misunderstandings between colleagues due, above all, to the rapidity of execution required and difficulty on Giulia's part with grasping the irony of some exchanges. Then Giulia does not always manage to ask for help; her colleagues, on the other hand, while managing to perceive her discomfort from her facial expressions, often are not able to understand the motivations behind her silences and sometimes do not find the time necessary to deal with the situation with her" (Stefania).
Conversely, it is important to verify that deliveries are clear:
"I understand the importance of clarity in tasks and attention from everyone to always ensure that Giulia always understands. I pay attention to communication methods, tone of voice and nonverbal language" (Giusi, tutor).
Another key point refers to the attention and the sensitivity and willingness to understand Giulia's needs:
"We understand the difference.. the presence in the restaurant of only employees who must respect the schedules and requests from the owner of the organisation who, although sensitive to the issues of disability, is not present while they work and the presence of a owner that is also a worker: his sensitivity is also recognised by his collaborators. It is important that people shared the values, that all people shared the importance of the activity and the sense for people with disability but also for the context" (social worker).
To do this, It is importance the support offered by the educator Stefania:
"We recognize the importance of the presence of Stefania who, above all initially, helps Giulia to understand the job, supports her in performing her tasks and supports her in identifying the best strategies to resolve difficulties" (Davide, owner).
According to the literature, it is possible to consider different areas of reference when assessing QOL: physical well-being, material well-being, emotional well-being, self-determination, personal development, interpersonal relationships, social inclusion, rights and empowerment. With reference to the factor that allowed positive experience, some elements emerged:
• The inclusion and participation of all the subjects: each person involved in Giulia's project, both in the design and in the workplace, is included, and everyone's contribution is decisive. All voices are accepted within the project and the experience is positive and satisfactory for all those taking part. The choice to welcome Giulia came from the employer, but it is only thanks to the contribution of all the employees that she was included. In this sense, disability ceases to be a question concerning the subjects themselves and their family members, but assumes the traits of a social responsibility;
• Building alliances: it is important to create and consolidate a climate of trust between the various actors, with the awareness that it is people who make the difference. In designing the alliances help to identify the most appropriate contexts, thanks to the knowledge of the subject guaranteed especially by the family and school. Subsequently, it is necessary to identify the people who need to be consulted in order to have access to those contexts. Building alliances is also important in the workplace, where everyone has a defined task and a precise role based on their availability and skills. The climate of trust is not a point of departure but of arrival, in the form of an interdependence that emerges through a succession of positive interactions;
• Sharing values: values give meaning and help to build a common background that facilitates shared and coordinated action involving all of the subjects involved in the project. Values are a boundary object shared by different people and make it possible to find convergences with respect to the different intentions and roles. The choice to take part in Giulia's project is not due to a positive attitude, but to the sharing of objectives and the awareness of wanting to be part of that experience. The sharing of values helps to build common bonds and fosters belonging and a sense of identity, enhancing the role of each actor;
• Evaluation of the potential of the subject and of the context: the work experience arises from an analysis of Giulia's interests and skills, but also the environment. This assessment is based on the potential of the subject to be fulfilled/unlocked/realised but also on the resources of the context to be optimised. This is made possible by trying to identify the strengths of the person with disabilities and the skills they can develop with their colleagues' help. At the same time, however, it is useful to reflect on what the context can acquire with Giulia's help and that of all her colleagues. In this way it is possible to work incrementally, adding tasks and responsibilities over time, rather than eliminating parts of a 'standard task' that the subject cannot perform due to personal difficulties or to the employer's fears;
• Accompaniment: it is important to support the subject gradually, in their knowledge of the context and the tasks they are required to complete. Stefania shows Giulia the sequence of actions to be carried out, ascertains the clarity of deliveries and supports her in identifying strategies to overcome critical issues. Stefania also accompanies the context in identifying the tasks to be entrusted to Giulia and in understanding her attitudes and moods. Terms such as negotiation, comparison, and exchange are the basis of the new balance that must be built and maintained within the organisation.
The concept of QOL is getting increasing attention as a tool for evaluating the policies and practices implemented to support those with disabilities. The literature is consistent in identifying eight areas of reference when assessing QOL: physical well-being, material well-being, emotional well-being, self-determination, personal development, interpersonal relationships, social inclusion, rights and empowerment. In the literature there are numerous scales that evaluate QOL for subjects who present criticalities that are mainly related to the involvement modalities of the subjects with disabilities themselves and to opportunities to involve their relatives. The present work focuses on two elements: the description and analysis of the three-year alternation process that leads Giulia to be hired at a farm, after having worked in the school canteen of a kindergarten and in a big restaurant and the impact of these experiences on her QOL and on that of her colleagues. The analysis showed that there are benefits in all eight areas described, not only for Giulia but also for other people working with her. The QOL, in fact, rather than being a purely individual construct, depends largely on the interactions and interdependence that are created with the subjects with whom we build a relationship. In addition, the skills acquired, and the role of the worker, also determine the role that can be played within the company. Finally, with regard to the factors contributing to a positive experience, the key elements are: the inclusion and participation of all the subjects in the project, the building of alliances, the sharing of values, the assessment of the potential of the subject and the context and accompaniment. The school plays an essential role because it allows the student to build projects that allow them to test their skills and, at the same time, to get to know the resources of the context. The research has two limitations: the description of an individual case and the choice to end the story and the analysis with Giulia being hired. This choice comes from the desire to make explicit the path, the resources put in place and the voices of the actors involved. In this way it is possible to remember the different phases of the activities, to reflect on different voices around the experience and to make sure that others, with adaptations linked to the specificity of the contexts, can be inspired to create new experiences.
Balboni, G., Coscarelli, A., Giunti, G., & Schalock, R.L. (2013). The assessment of the quality of life of adults with intellectual disability: The use of self-report and report of others assessment strategies. Res Dev Disabil, 34(11): 4248-4254.
Bigby, C., & Beadle‐Brown, J. (2018). Improving quality of life outcomes in supported accommodation for people with intellectual disability: What makes a difference?. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil, 31(2): e182-e200.
Castro, L., Vallejos, V., Casas, J.A., Cerda, G., Sanchez, S., & Zuniga, D. (2017). Adjustment of the Integral Scale of life Quality in persons with intellectual disability and the development in Chilean population. Ter Psicol, 35(3): 231-237.
Chao, P. C. (2018). Using Self-Determination of Senior College Students with Disabilities to Predict Their Quality of Life One Year after Graduation. Eur J Educ Res, 7(1): 1-8.
Claes, C., Van Hove, G., van Loon, J., Vandevelde, S., & Schalock, R.L. (2010). Quality of life measurement in the field of intellectual disabilities: Eight principles for assessing quality of life-related personal outcomes. Soc Indic Res, 98(1): 61-72.
Cummins, R. A. (1997). Assessing quality of life. Quality of life for people with disabilities: Mode Res Prac, 2: 116-150.
Cummins, R. A. (2005). Moving from the quality of life concept to a theory. J Intellect Disabil Res, 49(10): 699-706.
Felce, D., & Perry, J. (1995). Quality of life: Its definition and measurement. Res Dev Disabil, 16(1): 51-74.
García-Grau, P., McWilliam, R.A., Martínez-Rico, G., & Grau-Sevilla, M.D. (2018). Factor Structure and Internal Consistency of a Spanish Version of the Family Quality of Life (FaQoL). Appl Res Qual Life, 13(2): 385-398.
Hancock, D.R., & Algozzine, B. (2016). Doing case study research: A practical guide for beginning researchers. Teachers College Press.
Hughes, S. L., Giobbie-Hurder, A., Weaver, F. M., Kubal, J.D., & Henderson, W.(1999). Relationship between caregiver burden and health-related quality of life. Gerontologist, 39(5): 534-545.
Hyett, N., Kenny, A., & Dickson-Swift, V. (2014). Methodology or method? A critical review of qualitative case study reports. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being, 9(1): 23606.
Jacobs, P., MacMahon, K., & Quayle, E. (2018). Transition from school to adult services for young people with severe or profound intellectual disability: A systematic review utilizing framework synthesis. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil, 31(6): 962-982.
Yazan, B. (2015). Three approaches to case study methods in education: Yin, Merriam, and Stake. Qual Rep, 20(2): 134-152.
Keith, K.D., & Schalock, R.L. (1994). The measurement of quality of life in adolescence: The quality of student life questionnaire. Am J Fam Ther, 22(1), 83-87.
Kramer, J.M., Hwang, I.T., Helfrich, C.A., Samuel, P.S., Carrellas, A., & YELL Lab Project TEAM Youth Research Collaborators. (2018). Evaluating the social validity of Project TEAM: A problem-solving intervention to teach transition age youth with developmental disabilities to resolve environmental barriers. Int J Disabil Dev Edu, 65(1): 57-75.
Krishnan, R., Ram, D., Hridya, V.M., & Santhosh, A.J. (2018). Effectiveness of Psychoeducation on Psychological Wellbeing and Self-Determination in Key Caregivers of Children with Intellectual Disability. Indian J Psychiatry Soc Work, 9(1).
Wehman, P., Taylor, J., Brooke, V., Avellone, L., Whittenburg, H., Ham, W., et al. (2018). Toward Competitive Employment for Persons with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: What Progress Have We Made and Where Do We Need to Go. Res Pract Pers Sev Disabil, 1540796918777730.
Lombardi, M., Croce, L., Claes, C., Vandevelde, S., & Schalock, R.L. (2016). Factors predicting quality of life for people with intellectual disability: Results from the ANFFAS study in Italy. J Intellect Dev Disabil, 41(4): 338-347.
Luecking, R.G., Fabian, E.S., Contreary, K., Honeycutt, T.C., & Luecking, D.M. (2018). Vocational Rehabilitation Outcomes for Students Participating in a Model Transition Program. Rehabil Couns Bull, 61(3): 154-163.
Mitchell, F., Stevens, G., Jahoda, A., Matthews, L., Hankey, C., Murray, H., et al. (2018). The lifestyle behaviours of young adults with intellectual disabilities transitioning from school to adulthood: A feasibility study. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 31(6):1154-1163.
Noor, K.B.M. (2008). Case study: A strategic research methodology. Am J Appl Sci, 5(11): 1602-1604.
Pallisera, M., Vilà, M., Fullana, J., Castro, M., Puyaltó, C., & Díaz-Garolera, G. (2018). Proposals for improving the transition process of young people with intellectual disabilities in Spain: insights from focus groups of professionals, young people and their families. Eur J Spec Needs Educ, 33(3): 287-301.
Ruzzante, G. (2018). La scuola come comunità inclusiva. Una rilettura in chiave inclusiva del Rapporto Delors. Formazione & Insegnamento. Int J Edu Train Sci, 15(2): 257-262.
Samuel, P.S., Tarraf, W., & Marsack, C. (2018). Family Quality of Life Survey (FQOLS-2006): Evaluation of Internal Consistency, Construct, and Criterion Validity for Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Families. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr, 38(1): 46-63.
Schalock, R.L., Verdugo, M.A., & Braddock, D.L. (2002). Handbook on quality of life for human service practitioners. Washington, DC: American Association on Mental Retardation.
Schalock, R.L., Keith, K.D., Verdugo, M.Á., & Gómez, L.E. (2010). Quality of life model development and use in the field of intellectual disability. In Enhancing the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities (pp. 17-32). Springer, Dordrecht.
Smith JA and Osborn M (2003) Interpretative phenomenological analysis. In: Smith JA (ed) Qual Psychol, pp. 51-80.
Tillmann, V., Remark, C., London, I., Stangier, C., Abel, T., & Anneken, V. (2018, July). Effects of sports and daily activity on leisure time, mobility and quality of life of adults with intellectual disability. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil, 31(40) pp. 540-541).
Totsika, V., Hastings, R. P., & Vagenas, D. (2017). Informal caregivers of people with an intellectual disability in England: health, quality of life and impact of caring. Health Soc Care Community, 25(3), 951-961.
Select your language of interest to view the total content in your interested language
Share This Article
Relevant Topics
Recommended Journals
Recommended Conferences
Neurology & Neuroscience
May 23-24, 2019 Zurich, Switzerland
Public Mental Health and Neuroscience
June 17-18, 2019 Istanbul, UAE
Public Mental Health and Neuroscience
June 17-18, 2019 Istanbul, UAE
9th Global Experts Meeting on Advances in Neurology and Neuropsychiatry
July 22-23, 2019 Melbourne, Australia
Article Tools
Article Usage
- Total views: 252
- [From(publication date): 0-0 - Feb 16, 2019]
- Breakdown by view type
- HTML page views: 228
- PDF downloads: 24


text:
Cadbury Crush Case StudyCadbury Schweppes is an important player in the American soft drink market where American consumers drink more soft drinks than tap water. In conjunction with population growth and rising per capita consumption there was an estimated $43 billion in retail sales in 1989. However, trend data suggests that sales of diet drinks accounted for a large portion of the overall growth of carbonated drink sales in the 1980's with supermarket sales the key to successful soft drink marketing
Words: 1256 - Pages: 6
of marketing applied in Cadbury Annelize Vermeulen 8/3/2012 Task 1 | Table of Contents Step 1: Understand the marketing place and customer needs 2 Step 2: Designing a customer driven marketing strategy 3 Essential customer value 3 Market Segmentation 3 Demographic Segmentation 4 Segmentation according to age and life cycle of the target market: 4 Gender 4 Income 4 Generation 4 Psychographic Segmentation 5 Behavioural Segmentation of Cadbury dairy Milk 5 Readiness
Words: 4599 - Pages: 19
business, functional and marketing strategies should align exactly and fit customers' perceptions as well. Cadbury is one of the oldest and largest confectionery companies in a global market. The company's chocolate business is built more by capturing strong market positions in the UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and India. In spite of well-known Cadbury brands and great quality products, the company had difficulties to sell its chocolate in New Zealand in 2009, where consumers
Words: 497 - Pages: 2
eating chocolate, they often feel a twinge of guilt for eating the fattening bar that was so delicious less than a minute before, however in New Zealand consumers have recently been feeling guilty for another reason. In 2009 it was discovered that Cadburys Chocolate have replaced Coco Butter with Palm Oil, a cheaper alternative that people claim has negative effects on the environment. Problems linked to the production of palm oil include the destruction habitat where endangered species live, (Sumatran
Words: 1476 - Pages: 6
Cadbury is a chocolate confectionary market that was started in 1824 by John Cadbury in Birmingham. He started with a shop selling coffee, tea, drinking chocolate and cocoa. This was started because he believed that alcohol was the main cause of poverty in the society. Therefore he thought chocolate drinks could be an alternative for alcohol. John was already selling 11 kinds of cocoa and 16 kinds of chocolate drinks by 1842. Benjamin, John's brother also joined him in his company to form Cadbury
Words: 362 - Pages: 2
PRODUCT AND BRAND MANAGEMENT CADBURY Rationale of CBBE model: Basic premise: The power of a brand resides in the minds of the customers. The challenge is to ensure that the customers have the right kind of experiences with the products and services and their marketing program to create the right brand knowledge structures i.e. Thoughts Feelings Images Perception & Attitudes Building a strong brand involves a series of steps as part of a "branding ladder". It is characterized by a logically
Words: 1449 - Pages: 6
CADBURY INDIA LIMITED Cadbury India Limited is the biggest chocolate importer and manufacturer in India since 1948 (Cadbury, 2007), launching series of chocolates for the various segments and strata of people in India's large and diverse population. Exploiting the monopoly of Cadbury's market can be highly beneficial and profitable by launching our product, Cadbury Choco Slim, a diet chocolate which will specifically serve the needs and wants of the higher income group who are more health conscious
Words: 3025 - Pages: 13
Cadbury 1 Introduction Cadbury Malaysia isn't an anonymous name when it comes to chocolates and confectionary. In fact it is the world's No.2 leading confectionary brand. In Malaysia, almost all of the households are aware of Cadbury and its delightful tagline, "Share the Happiness". To further enrich and promote the brand , we came up with a new product with the name 'Choco Pills'. 1.1 Objectives 1) To launch the product in the coming year in Kuala Lumpur, Johor Bahru and Kuala Lumpur. 2)
Words: 1787 - Pages: 8
CADBURY-GLOBAL FACE As we have seen Cadbury is a leading global confectionery company with an outstanding portfolio of chocolate, gum and candy brands. Cadbury employs around 50,000 people and have direct operations in over 60 countries, selling their products in almost every country around the world. Cadbury's Global Journey In 1824 John Cadbury opened his shop on Birmingham's exclusive Bull Street and served tea, coffee, and, fatefully, cocoa and drinking chocolate. In 1854 the Cadburys open
Words: 1065 - Pages: 5
2.2 Cadburys 2.2.1 How did Cadburys get started? Cadbury limited was set up by one man in 1824 called John Cadbury from Birmingham. In 1824 Cadbury was set up to be a grocery shop. This changed in 1831 when John Cadbury went into manufacturing drinking chocolate and cocoa. In 1847 a large factory was rented in Bridge Street Birmingham. Around the same time John Cadbury was joined by his brother Benjamin and the name of the business became Cadbury Brothers of Birmingham. The
Words: 1152 - Pages: 5
choice of Horlicks is higher than any other food drink. BOURN vita BRANDING: Bournvita is the name of a brand of malted and chocolate malt drink and manufactured by Cadbury country of origin: United kingdom UK. The brand has been an enduring symbol of mental and physical health ever since it was launched. This layered with the great Cadbury chocolate taste has made the brand distinct from other offerings. It is hardly surprising then, that Bournvita enjoys a major presence in the Malt Food market. http://www
Words: 1407 - Pages: 6
The Cadbury story is a fascinating study of industrial and social development, covering well over a century and a half. It shows how a small family business developed into an international company combining the most sophisticated technology with the highest standards of quality, technical skills and innovation. (http://www.studymode.com/essays/Cadbury-527696.html) 2.0 Company Overview The Cadbury's company began life in a modest grocer's in the UK in the 1820s by Quaker, John Cadbury. The
Words: 397 - Pages: 2
The Determination of Boiling Points and Melting Points of Organic Compounds During this laboratory session, we will practice determining the boiling point of a liquid organic compound and the melting point (or we could call it the freezing point) of a solid organic compound. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the pressure of the vapor above a liquid equals the existing pressure. As we heat a liquid, the pressure of the vapor above the liquid slowly increases. When this pressure
Words: 1217 - Pages: 5
The Determination of Boiling Points and Melting Points of Organic Compounds During this laboratory session, we will practice determining the boiling point of a liquid organic compound and the melting point (or we could call it the freezing point) of a solid organic compound. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the pressure of the vapor above a liquid equals the existing pressure. As we heat a liquid, the pressure of the vapor above the liquid slowly increases. When this pressure
Words: 1217 - Pages: 5
Branding Challenge: Some of the branding challenges that were faced by Cadbury while launching their Premium Brand Silk are: "When we started work on Silk, we trawled the marketing and socio-cultural worlds to understand how mainstream brands can give birth to strong sub-brands that hit above them. And there aren't too many such examples." - Kawal Shoor, head of planning, Ogilvy India * How to create a sub-brand of CDM that sells at 11 times that of the CDM price. "Silk, the way it has
Words: 1075 - Pages: 5
Product: Cadburys Bournvita History: Cadbury Bournvita is among the oldest brands in the Malt Food category with a rich heritage and has always been known to provide the best nutrition to aid growth and all round development. Launched in 1948, throughout its history, Cadbury Bournvita has continuously re-invented itself in terms of product, packaging, promotion & distribution. The Cadbury lineage and rich brand heritage has helped the brand maintain its leadership position and image over the last
Words: 703 - Pages: 3
Coffee 2013: Ready for Take‐Off Overview of Coffee Trends in New Consumer Markets March 5, 2013 | Strictly private and confidential Agenda Sections I II III IV Introduction Strategic Considerations in Global Coffee Demand Regional and Country-Level Snapshots Key Points to Consider 3 7 13 22 2 4 1 Ross Colbert, Global Strategist Beverages Mr. Colbert joined Rabobank in January 2011 and is responsible for developing FAR's research portfolio and Rabobank's global view toward the beverage sector. Rabobank's
Words: 2081 - Pages: 9
Cadbury Dairy Milk as a brand has evolved from just another chocolate to an array of products. When the brand was initially launched it was meant to be for children. Their main target group was always children who would pester their parents to have a bar of dairy milk. But as time evolved they wanted to tap other segments in the market. Hence their famous ad 'Kuch Khaas hain Zindagi' which targeted the youth segment. It had right ingredients: a fun loving girl and cricket the religion of India. The
Words: 264 - Pages: 2
James Floyd 9/17/13 Mk: 4900 Cadbury Beverages, Inc: Crush Brand Case Analysis I will be doing a market analysis for crush by analyzing the company (Part 1), identifying the industry and competition (Part 2), and conclusions and recommendations (Part 3). Part 1: Company Analysis - Important Company Information To Note: - Cadbury Beverage, Inc. is the beverage division of Cadbury Schweppes PLC. (a major soft drink and confectioner marketer) - Sales of $4.6 billion
Words: 969 - Pages: 4
negligible in India. Chocolate market is a highly concentrated market, with Cadbury having 70per cent and Nestle around 20 per cent. These two companies have been instrumental in building up the chocolate market in India with huge investments in product development, advertising and brand building. Modern trade constitutes about 10% of the overall chocolate category, or roughly Rs 320 crore, according to Nielsen. Of this, brand Cadbury Dairy Milk has a share of 35%, while Bournville and Silk together account
Words: 1771 - Pages: 8
ABSTRACT: The present study is based on the awareness of CADBURY DAIRY MILK among the customers. A sample survey of 100 respondents was undertaken to find out the awareness of CADBURY DAIRY MILK in Uthamapalayam city. The study mainly concentrated on general price level, quality & consumer expectation overall satisfaction about CADBURY DAIRY MILK, general awareness and consumer preferences of CADBURY DAIRY MILK. I. INTRODUCTION The new milk chocolate was introduced to the British market
Words: 1012 - Pages: 5
Marketing Strategy of Cadbury Cadbury India is a food product company dealing in Chocolate Confectionery, Beverages, Candy and Snacks. Cadbury is the market leader in Chocolate Industry with a market share of 70%. Some of their favorite products are Cadbury Dairy Milk, Perk, 5 Star, Celebrations, Eclairs, Gems and Temptations, Bournvita. John Cadbury, the founder of the Cadbury business was born on 12th August 1801. Cadbury was founded 200 years ago when John Cadbury has opened his shop in Birmingham
Words: 2475 - Pages: 10
cadbury Running head: Case Study Cadbury Schweppes: Capturing Confectionery Case Study: Cadbury Schweppes: Capturing Confectionery ORM 680: Capstone in Strategic Management Spring Arbor University Jaspreet Kaur (Jas) Terry A. O'Connor, Ph.D. September 6, 2010 Abstract Cadbury Schweppes formed its joint venture in 1969. The company went through several mergers and acquisitions from 1969 to 2008, but the company was able to survive and became the global leader in
Words: 1801 - Pages: 8
concept: Cadbury The product life cycle model helps marketers identify the different stages that the sales and profits of a product go through during the course of its lifetime. There are five stages to the product life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, saturation and decline. 1. Introduction: Sales are slow as the product is not yet known. Costs are high due to heavy marketing spend to create awareness. Emphasis is on advertising and distribution. The recently launched Cadbury Snaps range
Words: 354 - Pages: 2
Cadbury manages a crisis with IMC Submitted to, Prof. Jacob Alexander Submittted by, Brief Introduction Cadbury manages a crisis with Integrated Marketing Communications This case study gives us an insight on the importance of integrated marketing communications. This case study is about Cadbury, the crisis it went through during October 2003, its consequences and role of IMC in handling the situation Cadbury India Ltd is the market leader in Indian confectionary segment. Its major product
Words: 1174 - Pages: 5
following: * Amul Fruit 'n' Nut Chocolate * Amul Bindass * Amul Chocozoo * Amul Fundoo * Amul Milk Chocolate These are available in several flavors like orange, milk, and chocolate. Cadbury Cadbury was established originally in UK during 1824 by John Cadbury. The company is presently owned by Mondelez International. It is among the two biggest global chocolate brands along with Mars and its head offices are at Uxbridge, London. Right now it operates in more than 50
Words: 2147 - Pages: 9
1960s the company diversified into food products. In 1969 Schweppes merged with Cadbury which was a cocoa making business started in England in the 1830s. Year | Acquisition | 1986 | Canada Dry soft drink brands | 1989 | Certain soft drink brands and purchased Gini brand of Belgium. | 1989 | Crush brand from Procter & Gamble for $220 million. | Cadbury Beverages, Inc., a beverage division of Cadbury Schweppes PLC acquired the Procter & Gamble brands namely Crush, Hires and Sun-drop
Words: 2621 - Pages: 11
Cadbury India Background Cadbury Schweppes is the No.1 confectionery and third largest soft drinks company in the world. The origin of the group goes back to over two centuries. Some of the popular international brands of the company are Cadbury Dairy Milk, Dr Pepper, Flake, Trebor Basset, Snapple and Motts. The company also has Halls, Clorets, Trident, Dentyne and Bubbas bubble gum range in its portfolio with acquisition of Adams in December 2002. Since 1969, Cadbury Schweppes' has focused on
Words: 904 - Pages: 4
Cadbury is a British multinational confectionery company owned by Mondelēz International. It is the second largest confectionery brand in the world after Wrigley's.[2] Cadbury is headquartered in Uxbridge, London, and operates in more than fifty countries worldwide. Cadbury is best known for its confectionery products including the Dairy Milk chocolate, the Creme Egg, and the Roses selection box. Cadbury was established in Birmingham in 1824, by John Cadbury who sold tea, coffee and drinking
Words: 659 - Pages: 3
Kraft Foods and Cadbury Introduction The confectionary industry all over the world is comprised of three products, that is, gum, sugar and confectionary. But the world-wide economic recession which in the last few years hit the North American and European markets, adversely affected the confectionary sales. In addition, undue pressure affected the sales volumes as more people moved towards healthier lifestyles, in attempt to avoid what they termed as unhealthy foods. In these developed countries
Words: 5621 - Pages: 23
bur7/21/13 Cadbury | SWOT Analysis | BrandGuide | MBA Skool-Study.Learn.Share. Create Account | Login O r C onne ct with Home Articles Docs Concepts BrandGuide Colleges Forum Careers FunCorner Quizzes Search MBASkool.. Go Latest Events & Contests: You are here: Home INVITING ARTICLE FOR HR MESH AUGUST '13 EDITION-Symbiosis Centre For Management BrandGuide Food & Beverages Cadbury CADBURY < Bu s c h Beer .. 0 Tw eet C adbu r y ' s 5 Star
Words: 892 - Pages: 4
On February 2, 2010 Kraft and Cadbury, two leading firms in the snack industry finalized their merger decision after five months of negotiation. In this report we will examine why it made strategic sense for the two companies to combine and evaluate the performance of the combined companies since its merger. In particular we will analyze the post-merger financial statements and highlight a few points regarding the accounting. INTRODUCTION OF KRAFT AND CADBURY Kraft Foods Inc. (KFT) is the
Words: 2113 - Pages: 9
other products inclduing water, lemonade, gingerale, and food products they merged with Cadbury a major British candy maker in 1969 * 1989 one of largest multinational firms and ranked 457th in BusinessWeek's Global 100 * in 1989 the company purchased Crush, Hires, and Sundrop soft drink brands from P&G for $220 Million * this is when our case takes places, the marketing excutives at Cadbury are left the with task of relaunching these brands and we will be focusing on crush *
Words: 648 - Pages: 3
1. Is Cadbury a marketing-oriented firm? -I believe that Cadbury is more a selling-oriented firm than a marketing-oriented one. Still we can see some market-oriented factors in their procedures. I believe that Cadbury is a selling-oriented company since they follow the concept that holds that consumers and businesses, if left alone, will ordinarily not buy enough of the organization¡¦s products. The organization must, therefore, undertake an aggressive selling and promotion effort. Cadbury is part
Words: 1813 - Pages: 8
DEMAND FORECASTING IN CADBURY PREFACE All praises to ALLAH Almighty who has blessed me with knowledge to accomplish the task of completing this project. This project has given us a chance to observe the practical work of an organization closely and the demanding techniques used by a company to make Forecasts effectively.. Finally this project has enhanced my analyzing power and sense of observation. I am very thankful to our respected course instructor who had assigned me this valuable project
Words: 4841 - Pages: 20
A REVIEW ON CADBURY REPORT Prepared By: JST 2014 Introduction • The Cadbury report was once referred to as The Report of The Committee on the Financial Aspects of Corporate Governance. The report was published in December 1992, following the recommendations of the Cadbury Committee. • Address concerns about the working of the corporate governance system. • The Committee made it its purpose to address the financial aspects of corporate governance and out of this produced a Code of Best Practice
Words: 871 - Pages: 4
mathematical optimising procedure and any new process will be amenable to further improvements once it has been implemented and subjected to operating experience. TQM is a proven way to help make these further changes, on a continuous basis. At this point in the argument two questions arise. First, is a re-engineered company a suitable platform for the application of TQM principles? There is not a standard pattern to fit every BPR application; each company re-engineers their processes in a different
Words: 5887 - Pages: 24
Points of Contact vs. Points of Conflict In attempting to construct a narrative about a particular group of people, historians sometimes encounter difficulty in getting beyond either the characteristics with which members of the group might use to identify with one another or the characteristics that outsiders of the group might use to identify the group's members (characteristics such as race, ethnicity, class, nationality, etc…). Such a challenge is compounded for the historian studying Colonial
Words: 925 - Pages: 4
Boiling Points and Intermolecular Forces Purpose: The purpose of this lab exercise is to test the theory and rules for London and dipole-dipole forces and using VSPER theory relate how these forces interact to affect the boiling points of hydrogen compounds of elements in groups 14 through group 17. Question: What is the trend in boiling points of the hydrogen compounds of elements in groups 14-17? Hypothesis: a) I predict that group 14 will have the lowest boiling point for each number
Words: 2925 - Pages: 12
The use of point of view is what allows authors to paint a descriptive and always evolving story line through the use of words. It gives the reader the keys to unlock their imagination and let their mind run wild with possibilities. An example of two different narrative styles can be seen in Margaret Atwood's "Death by Landscape" and Richard Ford's "Great Falls". Using completely opposite methods to convey their stories these authors achieve a very similar effect on the reader. These methods include:
Words: 761 - Pages: 4
Modi (036) Hetal Gutka (159) | BRAND AUDIT CADBURY - A LEADER IN THE GLOBAL CONFECTIONERY MARKET A BRIEF HISTORY Cadbury India Ltd. is a part of the Kraft Foods Group and was formed on 1905. Cadbury India operates in five categories - Chocolate confectionery, Beverages, Biscuits, Gum and Candy. In the Chocolate Confectionery business, Cadbury has maintained its undisputed leadership over the years. Some of the key brands are Cadbury Dairy Milk, Bournvita, 5 Star, Perk, Bournville, Celebrations
Words: 600 - Pages: 3
Slogan. Cadburys is a worldwide business and can be recognise by its brand image. Its logo is a purple background with white swirly writing. The purple colour that is used is bold and stands out so all customers and consumers recognise this brand. Cadburys also used to have their slogan 'a glass and half' and this used to refer to the amount of milk used in each pound of chocolate that they made. However they do not use this well-known slogan now. The Dairy Milk product is one of Cadburys most popular
Words: 388 - Pages: 2
LEADER: Dr.Shing-Wan Chang Company Name: Cadbury Introduction: This report aims to portray an advertisement campaign for Cadbury, a brand owned and sold by Mondelez International. This gives out a range of means for Mondelez to meet below mentioned objectives with promotions running from 1st July 2016 to 30th June 2017, with a budget constraint to £2 Million. This report discusses a collaborative marketing strategy which can be employed by Cadbury, where the company can collaborate with Virgin
Words: 3617 - Pages: 15
Memorandum To: CEO and Senior Leader for the Kraft/Cadbury Merger From: Lihui Chen and Kristin Spivey, LK Consulting Date: [ 3/3/2010 ] Re: Recommendations for Potential Issues that can arise after a Merger INTRODUCTION Congratulations on your recent merger of Kraft and Cadbury. We have analyzed the merger and have found three issues that need to be addressed in order to achieve the best results for both your companies. The three main areas we have analyzed are leadership, cultural perceptions
Words: 1579 - Pages: 7
positioning p.15 III- Cadbury competitive position in the US - Swot analysis p.16 IV- Crush Positioning p.18 V- Crush advertising & promotion program - Objectives & strategies p.18 - Advertising budget p.19 - Crush advertising budget p.20 VI- Crush Pro forma Income statement p.20 VII- Conclusion p.21 Sides p.22 INTRODUCTION Cadbury Beverages, Inc. is a beverages-manufacturing division of Cadbury Schweppes PLC. It was
Words: 2906 - Pages: 12
Pepper/Seven Up, Inc is the largest division of Cadbury Schweppes PLC (Kerin, 2010). "Cadbury Schweppes PLC is the world's third largest soft drink company, and the fourth largest confectionary company with product sales in over 200 countries" (Kerin, 2010). Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. is among one of the three major concentrated producers in the U.S. Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. owns 2% of market share in the soft drink beverage industry (Kerin, 2010). Cadbury Schweppes is known as the world's "first
Words: 1805 - Pages: 8
Case Study Cadbury Dairy Milk – The Sweetest of them all Background It all started in 1905 when Cadbury's top selling brand, Cadbury Dairy Milk was launched in Bournville, UK. By 1913, Dairy Milk had become Cadbury's best-selling chocolate, and in the mid-twenties it became a brand leader. Cadbury India began its operations in 1948 by importing chocolates and then repacking them before distribution in the Indian market. With its deliciously smooth texture and unique creamy taste, Cadbury Dairy Milk
Words: 1430 - Pages: 6
Special Report Dexia AM Risk Arbitrage Process February 2010 A Focus on the Kraft / Cadbury deal TRANSACTION HISTORY Kraft approach September 7th - Kraft approached Cadbury Possible hostile offer at 745p per share: 300p cash + 0.2589 KFT Cadbury's board rejected proposal November 9th - Put up or shut up deadline Kraft Formal Offer November 9th - Formal offer on the initial same terms December 14th - Cadbury published defense document January 2nd - Press rumor: Ferrero, Hersey or Private Equity
Words: 1239 - Pages: 5
REPORT ON CADBURY INDIA LTD. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT This project was undertaken to show Cadbury's marketing mix and actually how they employ the 4P strategies- Product, Place, Price and Promotion in real world scenario. Thisproject provides us with exposure to Chocolate confectionery, Beverages, Biscuits, Gum and Candy in India which is one of the most promising segments in India today. We studied the strategies employed by Cadbury India Limited
Words: 3503 - Pages: 15
Study of Consumer Behaviour for Cadbury Dairy Milk By, Group 1 Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Methodologies 4 3. Objectives 5 4 Emergence of chocolate industry in India 6 4.1 Cadbury Company's profile 8 4.2 Range of Products 11 4.3 Major Competitors 13 4.4 Cadbury Dairy Milk 15 4.5 Pre Purchase behaviour analysis 17 4.5.1 Factors influencing Purchase Decision 17 4.5.2 Age group of people 17 4.5.3 Product Purchased for 18 4.5.4 Preference for Brands 19 4.5.5 Consumption Pattern/Frequency
Words: 3301 - Pages: 14


text:
Features Of Steel Billets Steel billets result from the second stage of the steel production process. They are hot-rolled or forged from an ingot or strand cast. Smaller and longer than a bloom, billets are usually a square cross-section less than 36 square inches. They are used for the manufacture of all 'long' steel products such as bars, rods, pipes, tubes, wire and wire products.
Steel Billets - 150mm X 150mm X 12M Steel Billets - 130mm X 130mm X 12M ISRI code : GOST 390-94 3PS/3SP - DEC. 2018 Price: USD360.00/MT per month x 12 months GOST 390-94 5PS/5SP - DEC. 2018 Price: USD375.00/MT per month x 12 months Quantity / Month (MT) : 30.000MT Origin : Russia Shipping Terms : Incoterms CIP Destination Sea Port : Buyers Nominated Sea Port Inspection At Loading Port : SGS / CIQ / CCIC (Sellers Expense) Payment Terms : L/C
Steel billets
Alloy steel, stainless steel, carbon steel, mild steel, steel billets , steel rounds
We have tie up with few steel manufactures in india we can provide you steel fob or cif any quantity
Aluminium ( ingots, T-bars, sows, rods), copper (cathodes, cakes, billets, ingots, rods), lead (ingots), nickel (cathodes both cut and uncut briquettes, pellets, discs, etc.), tin (ingots, etc.), zinc (ingots both regular size and jumbos), steel billets (all types including CRC, HRC, HDGC, plates, sheets), concentrates and ores for above items including bauxite and iron ores), scraps of above items including HMS 1&2 and steel scraps.
Steel billets, fruits and fresh vegetables.Manufacturing
Gi, gl, ppgi, ppgl, steel pipe and tube, rebar, wire rod, debar, hrc, billet, slab, iron ore, coal, met coke, gbfs, ggbfs, clinker, cement, gypsum, steel scrap, non-ferrous scrap, paper scrap, ferro alloy, bentonite, steel making equipments.Transportation and logistic
Compressor piston rings, valve plates, mild steel billets, kraft paper, steel skull scrap, mild steel turning scrap, stainless steel utensils, ayurvedic products, mild steel flats, mild steel rounds, mild steel squares.Shipping & logistics and its related services
Cooking oil such as sunflower oil and mustard oil, JP54, MAZUT 100, D6, D2, urea, iron ore, steel billets, castings, forgings, coal, cement, clinker, coke, garments, wheat, sugar, yellow corn, rice, spices like pepper, LNG and LPG, jaggery powder and cube and maize, scrap like copper millebery, copper wire , copper cathode, HMS 1 & 2 , used rail, base oil and lubricants.
Involved in bulk trading of various metallurgical commodities Ores & Alloys : Iron Ore, Manganese Ore, Thermal Coking Coal and Ferro alloys, lime stone, clinker., Metallics : Pig Iron DRI, Steel Scrap, Steel Products : Carbon Steel Slabs, Carbon Steel Billets, Rebars(TMT), CRC, Cast Rounds, HRC, Coils, HR Plates, GI, PCC, PPGI, CRGO wire rod and api grade pipes, dolomite, silica quartz, sugar, river sand, silica sand, crude oil.
Iron ore, HMS 1&2, used rails R50/R65, iron ore pellets, steel billets, JCOE pipe mill & machinery new, coal, coke., Solar products, atmospheric water generators 20lit/day to 10, 000lit/day, Solar aircons, small wind turbines, led street lights, solar panels, deep cycle batteries, solar refrigerators & freezers.
Metals, ore and minerals, copper cathode, copper millberry, aluminum, steel billets, Trihydrate bauxite, monohydrate bauxite and sulfur, petroleum and petrochemical products, crude oil, LPG, naphtha, gasoline, diesel, gasoil, fuel oil.
Round bars, flats, blocks, wire rods & plates in various grades, tool steel, die steel, plastic steel, alloy steel, high alloy steel and stainless steel, and also plates of boiler quality, high tensile, billets.
Steel billet
The steel billet The billets produced in the production plants are used in the production of wire rod, concrete ring and profiles. The billets is a semi finished product for the manufacture of wire rod, concrete and profiles. The manufacturing is based on the principle of hot rolling. The grades are Standard (DIN 488 - ASTM A 615 GR 60 / GR 40 - 3SP 5SP ) according to international standards. The dimensions of the billets are feasible in square section of 100 x 100 mm up to 180 x 180 mm and the length varies between 6 and 12 meters. The billets produced in the production plants are separated by casting. Each casting is defined by a number, it allows traceability to the end use phase by the customer. We issue Mill test certificates with casting number for each delivery.
Many Thank you for your response to purchase our steel billets from our Mill we like to know the specifications and sizes of the kind of steel billets you want to import. below is our procedures. Sizes : can be 130 X 130 X 12000 mm up to 150 X 150 X 12000 mm. Grade: 3SP or 5SP Quantity per shipment : 30,000MT X 12. Prices/MT: $550.00 FOB procedures: WE CAN SUPPLY UP TO 30,000MT, and we welcome buyer in our Mill in china doing loading, we work with 100% LC at sight Transferable irrovcable , buyer should send Loi and we can send QS, AND SIGN THE SC. Origin: China/Iran/Nigeria Payment term: LC 100% TRANSFERABLE IRROVACABLE AT SIGHT , Quantity..20,000 TO 30,000MT
Steel billets Produced to international standards From 100x100 to 150x150 x 6m long Growth.Billets In qtys x 20mt
Steel Billets.


text:
Chinese ride-hailing giant Didi Chuxing's plans to conquer Uber in South America are revealed
Chinese ride-hailing giant Didi Chuxing is planning to take on US rival Uber in some of Latin America's fastest-growing markets, recruiting managers in Chile, Peru and Colombia, according to job postings and a company official. Didi has moved senior executives from China to lead its expansion in markets like Chile and Peru, and began in recent weeks advertising for driver operations, crisis management, marketing and business development personnel in those countries, an analysis of LinkedIn postings show. Didi's widening expansion, if successful, could make for a bumpier ride for San…Read More