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- Overview of IEC/UL 62368-1 for Safety of IT & A/V Equipment February 15, 2019Will your products comply with IEC/UL 62368-1?
- Sailing Through the Data Deluge with Pervasive Optical Connectivity February 15, 2019Silicon photonics and advanced packaging technologies could result in rapid data center changes.
- Racetrack Memory Gets a Boost February 15, 2019With ultrafast pulses, it's possible to write bits in picoseconds—100 times faster than today's technologiesNeil Savage
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Tag Archives: future
Energy Demand & Population Evaluation – Future Projections
In this age, with advanced technology that entered our lives, energy has become an essential element more than ever. The batteries, phones, computers, lighting simply electricity related objects require an energy in order to have their duties. The nations are … Continue reading
Posted in Evaluation, Improvements Tagged Awareness, business, demand, digitalization, electricity, Energy, Evaluation, future, future projections, grid, growth, population, postaweek Leave a comment

subset: commoncrawl


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Want this gift for yourself?
Share it with your friends and drop the hint!
This little book will tell someone special all the things you'd be prepared to do to show you love them, from cutting the grass with a pair of nail scissors to dancing naked in the pouring rain...
Bursting with 15 laugh-out-loud drawings accompanied by funny one-liners, this amusing little book makes a wonderful gift for the love of your life. The funky look and style coupled with its funny words makes this book a one-in-a-million gift sure to make your sweetheart smile, not to mention laugh.
This humorous little book, complete with 15 full-color, hilarious pictures, reveals all the wild and wacky things you'd do for that special someone. You'd even go as far as making the Mona Lisa laugh!
Personalize with Any Name and see it on the front cover, inside message page and even integrated into some of the funny drawings and text. You can also add a Personal Message (2 lines of 40 characters per line) to the inside page and view a live preview to see how it looks before buying.
Printed on high quality, smooth, satinated paper with a laminated cover, this hardback 'The Things I'd Do for Love' Personalized Book makes a funny gift for Valentine's Day, a birthday, anniversary or just to say "I love you!"
This item is created especially for you and will be produced within just 4 - 5 days. To view shipping options please see below.
Looking to place a larger order or have a special request? We can help! Simply complete the below contact form and we will look to get back to you as soon as possible.


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Seventeen Mega Matte Lipsticks
You're probably up to the eyeballs in lipstick posts from NB in the last few weeks so I promise this will be the last of them for a while, but when I saw that Seventeen had brought a new lipstick range out I just knew I had to give it a try. The new Mega Matte line is exactly what it says on the tin and is supposed to be a formula which will last for up to 13 hours(!!!). As a matte lippy lover I wanted to put these guys to the test but I especially wanted to test them out when I saw the ridiculously good colour range. There are 12 colours in the line, ranging from your wearable everyday nudes to bright violet purples but the best part? If you check them out on the Boots website for example, there is a colour wheel chart which indicates what shades you *should* be wearing for your skin tone. Now, I completely ignored the colour wheel because I'm a big believer in wearing whatever you want, but I picked up just two shades to try out which are: Looking Buff (a deep dusty/vintage rose nude shade considered a 'universal' lip shade) and Lava You A Lot (a bright hot orange/red which is perfect for summer and listed as a colour ideal for 'medium/dark' skin tones).
Now, I know what you're thinking: "Amyleigh, why on earth did you pick up a shade for dark skin tones?!" and the simple answer is I love orange and orangey red lipsticks. It's that simple. Whilst those sorts of shade definitely pop on darker lips, I think they really help lift and brighten my complexion and look great during the summer months. I thought I'd try out two shades which are the "typical" choices for me so I could really scrutinise the formula and wear of the lipsticks as well as see how they compare to some of my current faves which are similar in colour. The Mega Mattes retail for £4.49 - currently only £3.49 in Boots - which I think is an absolute steal but let's get onto how they swatch, look, and wear.
Looking Buff
'Looking Buff' is definitely a wearable shade and is just a pinch darker than my normal lip colour. I think this is a really lovely shade that I do think would suit most skin tones as its got a good balance of blue/brown/nude hues to it. My one 'silly' gripe with these products is that the shape of the lipstick bullet is a nightmare for me to apply. I don't know if you can tell in the top picture of Looking Buff on the lips, but it's very easy to end up with the product overdrawn on your lips (my cupids bow isn't as defined as it naturally is because the bullet of the product is more rounded). Now obviously this is something that will be solved over time as the lipstick moulds to my lip shape and application method, but if you have thin lips or if your lips have a naturally distinct cupid bow for example, you might want to take your time with the application. The formula itself is very creamy when applying despite it's matte texture and I found that it didn't drag on the lips too much. This shade is really pigmented and after just a couple of swipes on the top and bottom lip, I was good to go!
Lava You A Lot
Okay so I really really like this shade. It's so bright and vibrant and perfect for those sunny days or holidays abroad. Just like the more wearable Looking Buff shade, I found the formula to be creamy and easy to apply but again, I still needed to be careful about the shape of my lips. Lava You A Lot was a little trickier to apply though in the sense that one or two swipes across each lip was not enough. Don't get me wrong, this shade is highly pigmented, but to get the colour completely opaque, I did need to make sure to apply and apply again in order to get one solid colour across the lip. From a few reviews I've seen of other colours, this also seems to be a wee issue with the deep bright purple shade, Violet Summer, which seems to be the patchiest of the bunch. These lippies are really buildable though so as long as you don't mind spending an extra minute on your application, you can build up the colour to completely mask your natural lip colour without the product building up and looking cakey. A *big test* I wanted to do with this shade in particular was to see how well it would wear throughout the day and I can honestly say, I was not disappointed. I wore this shade for around 8 hours and drank copious amounts of tea and ate numerous things and the lipstick barely budged. For £4.49, that is uh-mazing.
Overall these Mega Mattes are well worth the small price tag. They're creamy to apply, I don't find them drying despite the matte appearance (although they do sit in the natural creases of your lips even if you balm up/moisturise beforehand so if you don't like that, it's something to bear in mind), and they're not tacky to the touch like liquid matte lipsticks can be. The feel incredibly light on the lips and don't give you that 'matte' lip feeling if you smack your lips together (you know the feeling I'm talking about right? That powdery, 'it feels like I'm lifting up and removing flakes of the product if I'm squeeze my lips together' feeling? Yeah you don't get that at all. Huzzah). Hopefully you can see from the swatches, the look of these lipsticks is exactly what it promises as they have zero shine or satin-look to them so they're great for bold lip or matte lippie lovers alike.
I don't know if they'd last the 13 hour wear time as I haven't been brave enough to keep a lippie on for that length of time, but considering Lava You A Lot lasted around 8 hours with no touch-ups, I'd say they're pretty damn good. When eating and drinking, I found they didn't really transfer that much (maybe a tiny bit around the corners of my mouth) but that was it. I also found when removing the lipstick my lips were much darker in colour to normal so I guess they stain the lips slightly too?! If they do then I'm an even bigger fan of them because it all helps with the longevity of them and prevents the dreaded "ring around the outer lip" look. For under 5 quid, I don't think you can grumble and I'll definitely be picking up some other shades ASAP - Roses Are Red and Rioja Your World, I've got my eye on you guys for autumn/winter!
Have you tried the new Seventeen Mega Mattes? What are your thoughts?
Follow me on Bloglovin'
Twitter & Instagram xo


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If you need assistance with a family violence issue, help is available.
Please visit the White Ribbon webpage by clicking here.
White Ribbon is Australia's only national, male led Campaign to end men's violence against women. Their Vision is for all women to live in safety free from all forms of men's violence. Making women's safety a man's issue too.
Globally, White Ribbon is the world's largest male-led movement to end men's violence against women. In 2003, White Ribbon was brought to Australia through UNIFEM (now UN Women).
White Ribbon Australia observes the International Day of the Elimination of Violence against Women, also known as White Ribbon Day, annually on November 25. White Ribbon Day signals the start of the 16 Days of Activism to Stop Violence against Women, which ends on Human Rights Day (December 10).
White Ribbon has highlighted some of the devastating impacts that violence against women can have on a community, including:
In recognition of the national issue of family violence and violence against women in the community, Treasury worked alongside the Department of Premier and Cabinet and the Department of Police, Fire and Emergency Management to implement the White Ribbon Workplace Accreditation program. This anti- violence initiative was aimed at encouraging individuals to take an active role in promoting a positive workplace culture. The Accreditation Program was a great opportunity to revise internal policies and procedures that aimed to assist in the prevention of violence against women and to equip staff with the necessary knowledge and skills to recognise and appropriately act when violence against women does occur.
The Secretary of Treasury, Tony Ferrall, was the overall sponsor of the White Ribbon program within Treasury and believed that by undertaking the Accreditation Program, Treasury would be taking an important step towards changing the cultural views across the Tasmanian State Service and society more generally. White Ribbon has identified that workplaces like Treasury, which take active steps to stop violence against women, may experience a number of benefits to the staff and the organisation including:


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The following will work for any debian base linux distro. That includes Ubuntu, Kali, Raspberry Pi (Raspian Jessie), TAILS, and many more.
Edit Interface Settings
Edit the config:
Find the interface you wish to make static and add the following lines:
addressis the IP you want to assign this host
networkis the network portion of this subnet. It's usually the same as your static IP but ending in
netmaskis the netmask of your subnet. This is usually
broadcastis the broadcast IP of this subnet. It's usually the same as your static IP but ending in
gatewayis the next hop for this system to go. This is usually a router's IP and it must be in the same subnet as the host address.
Configure DNS
To resolve hostnames to IP addresses you must configure a DNS server. You can do this by editing the following:
Add your DNS servers to this file or use Google's public DNS servers like this:
Restart networking
To make these change effective you must restart the networking service. That can be done by doing one of the following:
If that doesn't work try:
If that doesn't work try:
Check settings
Now check if the settings took by running the following command:
The output looks like this:


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Download EBOOK Pro Secrets to Dramatic Digital Photos PDF for free
Category: Art & Photography
The author of the book: Jim Zuckerman
Format files: PDF, EPUB, TXT, DOCX
The size of the: 112 KB
Language: English
Edition: Lark Books,U.S.
Date of issue: 17 February 2011
Description of the book "Pro Secrets to Dramatic Digital Photos":Jim Zuckerman, a photographer known for his vivid, surreal images, reveals a lifetime's worth of tricks and techniques for taking photos with that huge wow factor. His pro secrets range from the technical to the abstract, from making an impact with complementary colours to getting picture-postcard photos of scenic sites. He'll reveal which editing tools bring out a photograph's hidden assets, how to pan the camera to control the appearance of movement and much more. Filled with compelling, colourful photographs, this eye-catching volume will inform and inspire both beginners and more experienced photographers.
Reviews of the Pro Secrets to Dramatic Digital PhotosUp to now about the e-book we have Pro Secrets to Dramatic Digital Photos feedback people never have still eventually left their own review of the experience, or otherwise make out the print yet. But, in case you have by now read this publication and you are therefore willing to create their own studies convincingly have you spend time to go away an assessment on our website (we can easily publish both equally positive and negative opinions). Quite simply, "freedom connected with speech" We completely reinforced. Ones opinions to book Pro Secrets to Dramatic Digital Photos -- additional followers will be able to come to a decision in regards to book. These kinds of assistance could make us far more Combined!
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Satsang means '"association with the wise." Meditating together in a group creates a strong spiritual atmosphere which allows a deeper experience of meditation. In satsang, people of different levels practise together – from newcomers to experienced Yoga teachers.
Satsang is the heart of the Yoga practice. It consists of 30 minutes of silent meditation, 30 minutes of meditative chanting of mantras and kirtan and an easy-to-follow lecture on Yoga philosophy or psychology. The steady, joyful practice of satsang tangibly builds an uplifting energy at the Yoga Center.
Our chant book reflects the inclusiveness of the Sivananda lineage, with a section of chants for each of the main Hindu deities, as well as chants in English and Hebrew. Many of the Sanskrit chants are followed by translations. There is a mysterious power in every word. Our Daily Chants (Jaya Ganesha) and a few bhajans are accompanied by harmonium and simple percussion. At Sunday satsangs, we tend to chant the very beautiful Sunday Prayers.
It is not your voice, but the inner feeling that matters. Let your heart melt. As Yoga of sound, "mantra is the easiest of all modes of approach to God." —Swami Sivananda
We recite Swami Sivananda's Universal Prayer and conclude satsang with arati, waving and receiving the Divine Light. We also share prasad, a sweet offering.
Free of charge and open to all
Donations of flowers or sweets are very welcome, but completely optional. No advance registration necessary. No prior experience required. Please join us!
Satsang is held every morning at 6:00am for about 90mins. There are evening satsangs on Wednesdays at 7:15pm and Sundays at 6:00pm. You are welcome to join us for a bowl of hearty vegetarian soup after Sunday evening satsang.


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Douglas College > About Douglas
Founded in 1970, Douglas College is the largest degree-granting college in British Columbia, Canada, educating close to 24,000 students per year. The College has two major campuses in Metro Vancouver (New Westminster and Coquitlam) as well as several smaller training centres in Surrey, Burnaby and Maple Ridge. With both main campuses directly on SkyTrain lines, Douglas is one of the most accessible post-secondary institutions in Metro Vancouver, drawing students from across the region.
Douglas offers the most bachelor's degrees and post-degree programs of any college in B.C., and is noted for combining the academic foundations of a university with the career-ready skills of a college. Each year, more than 16,000 students (including 3,000 international students from over 90 countries) take for-credit courses at Douglas. Because of the college's strong academic base, the majority of these for-credit courses transfer to different research universities in B.C. and across Canada, providing students with flexible pathways to efficiently reach their academic goals.
Douglas also offers hundreds of short-term, high-quality non-credit courses, programs and workshops to more than 8,500 students through Continuing Education and The Training Group, in areas such as business, music, health, perinatal, career development, industry training and more.
Over 900 experienced, teaching-focused faculty bring both academic rigor and real-world experience to the classroom at Douglas. Outside the classroom, over 900 other employees work together to create a friendly, inspiring, supportive and respectful environment.
We would like to acknowledge that at Douglas College we live, learn, work and play on the unceded traditional territories of the Coast Salish Peoples of the QayQayt and Kwikwetlem First Nations.
Douglas College is recognized by the British Columbia Education Quality Assurance program. BC's EQA Designation is a provincial seal that is recognized globally as a symbol of quality education and consumer protection.


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Hi all, we are back with the impressions of our first days on the island. Enjoy the pictures & movie…
Day 1 (April 1) – Rarotonga Muri – Get ourselves up and running
Our first place to stay is a holiday apartment, in Muri, a village in the south east of Raro.
After dealing successfully with the jetlag of our 36h-trip in the morning (believe it or not: mainly with Italian coffee and French croissant 🙂 in the cafe around the corner), we organized ourselves. Rented a scooter, drove to town to the supermarket, found Internet access voucher and local SIM-card (communication with home is a challenge because no roaming service with European providers is available), and finally made our way back to our apartment.
In the afternoon we went on a stroll down to the beach 🙂 – click here to have a look at our movie on Youtube:
After a good meal (with the biggest mango we ever ate) we went to bed again (jetleg, part 2…).
Day 2 (April 2) – First impressions
For the first 10 days of our journey we choose to stay in the holiday apartment complex we are interested to buy. After all our theoretical research about this location we were sooo curious to see it in reality. And the first impression was really good. A great place on a hillside of Muri village, in a tropical garden, directly in front of a topical rainforrest. Beautiful colored flowers, coconut palms, papaya, banana and avocado trees beside the house and a cool sea view.
And very important for Peanie: out of reach for Tsunamis!
We will be back soon again,
Sunny regards from Raro,
Eltje & Pietro (Peanie & Sweetie)


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Just some updates. I finished my risk management rotation at the end of Dec 2011. However prior to finishing, I moved from the Naphtha desk to the Gasoline desk (early September), where I became the lead. Life wasn't easy but I learned much and had greater responsibilities.
Now, I am currently based in Geneva, Switzerland, doing my final rotation in
Corporate Finance. Essentially this is where all the corporate financing for
the company is done. I am involved in bond issuance, launching of revolving
credit facilities, selling asset backed securities etc. In this role, I also
get to monitor all the availability liquidity in the company and the expected
Capex of the company.
This role has also given me great insights on the group level business
strategy (bulk & non ferrous metals, oil, industrial and asset management)
of not only my own company, but also my competitors in similar industries. I
also get to meet really senior bankers from various banks as my company has
over 100+ banking relationships worldwide.
One interesting thing is that I get to see all the bankers who are in the
investment banking division of the various banks! I am essentially their
clients as they often come over to pitch their bank in order to secure the
deal. And seriously, it is easy to see a bank trying to smoke their way through
a pitch!
Halve way though now and 4 more months to the end!
Saturday, May 5, 2012
Corporate finance
Posted by ntuchartist at 7:02 AM
6 comments:
- beginningwithf said...
hi chartist, you got the job with EEE background?
- May 29, 2012 at 7:54 PM
- ntuchartist said...
I'm actually from the MAE faculty
- May 30, 2012 at 2:44 AM
- agricultural investments said...
OMG, that sounds like a fantastic job. Great exposure, plus its always easier to have people coming to you then visa-versa!
- July 14, 2012 at 10:41 AM
- Stock Tips said...
I like the useful info you provide in your posts. I will book mark your weblog and check again here frequently. I am quite sure I will learn a lot of new stuff right here! Best of luck for the next!
- November 3, 2012 at 1:49 PM
- QUALITY STOCKS UNDER FOUR DOLLARS said...
Its interesting to see a blog that covers an aray to different topics.
- January 2, 2013 at 1:51 PM
- FOREX STRIKER REVIEW said...
Nice job brother!
- January 13, 2013 at 3:05 AM
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Traveling Nut
Sunday, September 5, 2010
Kyle Andrews "You Always Make Me Smile" Official Video
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Former Bellator champion Hector Lombard entered the UFC with about as much pressure to succeed as any free agent the organization brought in over the past year if not longer. Going into his debut, Lombard had emerged with his hand raised in twenty straight tilts and not tasted defeat in more than five years. However, that changed when he took on Tim Boetsch at UFC 149, losing a Split Decision.
Lombard will have a chance to redeem himself this December 14 when he faces Rousimar Palhares at UFC on FX 6. The Sydney-bound card will mark Lombard's return to Australia after racking up a number of wins on the continent as a member of Cage Fighting Championship.
The bout has been confirmed by UFC officials.
The 31-3-1 Lombard has finished 24 of his foes including stoppages against Trevor Prangley and Brian Ebersole. Meanwhile, Palhares is one of the middleweight division's most feared submission artists, owning an overall record of 14-4 including ten tap-outs.
The only other match-up linked to the event at this time is a meeting between TUF: Australia vs. UK coaches George Sotiropoulos and Ross Pearson.


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$ 5.00
If loving Peonies this much is wrong, I don't want to be right. Feel the Peony passion with this digital set that features a trio of frilly, fluffy blossoms PLUS a specially designed sentiment. Rich with delicate detail and LOADS of petals, I'm telling you, these Peonies practically burst off the paper and celebrate all that's perky and good in the world. OK, maybe that's a bit much. But they are fun, and you will be pleased. Designed and illustrated with a whole lotta love and some hyperbole by Marcella Hawley. This floral image is also available in the clear photopolymer set: Dynamic Duos: Peonies and Tulips.
Peonies Digital Stamp Set includes both images shown.
FILE DELIVERY: Digital jpg images will be emailed to you directly from firstname.lastname@example.com within 24 hours of completion of your order and payment processing.
PLEASE NOTE: These images are digital files that you download and print from your computer. This is not a traditional clear polymer stamp set. Images are intended for the crafter's personal, handmade creations, and not for commercial or business use. Digital downloads are not returnable.
~The Management
New to DigiStamps? Check out this DIGITAL TUTORIAL by the Bloom Brigade's Julie Koerber with creative tips for working with our digital images — on the Power Poppy Blog.
$ 5.00
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I'm really enjoying the bi-weekly Geomorph contest run by Inkwell Ideas. I'm using the contest as catalyst for not only spending more time drawing maps, but also to try out new ways of creating them. For my shrine entry, I created the whole map using Scribus (free DTP software). There's not a single bit of drawing on it. Everything is just lines and shapes added one-by-one.
The map is called The Shrine of Collected Confessions. Worshipers place a coin in one of the fonts situated at the corner, and the door opposite opens as if by magic, to grant them access to one of the shrines four private chambers. They can then say their prayers, and confess their sins. Of course they are blissfully unaware that anything juicy that they reveal is recorded by the scribes in the secret chamber at the centre of the shrine.


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You are here
UN Expected to Wrap Up Haiti Peacekeeping Mission Mid-October
- Posted on: 13 April 2017
- By: Bryan Schaaf
The Security Council is set to wrap up the U.N. peacekeeping mission in Haiti by mid-October after more than 20 years, in recognition of "the major milestone" the country has achieved toward stabilization following recent elections. The council is scheduled to vote Thursday on a draft resolution that extends the mandate of the mission, known as MINUSTAH, for a final six months during which the 2,370 military personnel will gradually leave. The resolution will create a follow-on peacekeeping mission for six months to be known as MINUJUSTH comprising 1,275 police who will continue training the national police force. It says the new mission should be operational when the old mission's mandate ends on Oct. 15.
The United States is currently reviewing the U.N.'s 16 far-flung peacekeeping operations to assess costs and effectiveness. U.S. ambassador Nikki Haley told the Security Council on Tuesday that thanks to recent elections in Haiti "the political context is right" for a new and smaller mission. The draft resolution recognizes the country's return to "constitutional order" and major steps toward stabilization following presidential and legislative elections. But it also recognizes the need for international support to strengthen, professionalize and reform the police — and to help the country promote economic development and face the "significant humanitarian challenges" following Hurricane Matthew which struck last October.
The draft reiterates the need for security in the country to be accompanied by efforts to address "the country's extreme vulnerability to natural disasters." Sandra Honore, the U.N. envoy for Haiti, told the council on Tuesday that "Haiti's political outlook for 2017 and beyond has significantly improved" following elections. This has opened "a crucial window of opportunity to address the root causes of the political crisis" that preceded the elections and address "the many pressing challenges facing the country," she said.
The draft resolution says that MINUJUSTH, in addition to helping train the police, should assist the government in strengthening judicial and legal institutions "and engage in human rights monitoring, reporting and analysis." It would also authorize the new mission "to protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence" in areas where it's deployed and "to use all necessary means" to carry out its mandate in supporting and training Haiti's police.
Photo Credit: Hougansydney.com
Bryan Schaaf
Sun, 04/16/2017 - 06:58
UN Peacekeeping Mission to End Amidst Abuse Controversy
Miami Herald
The United Nations Security Council unanimously agreed Thursday to shut down its nearly 13-year peacekeeping operation in Haiti by mid-October and replace it with a new, leaner mission focused on justice, human rights and police development. In adopting a draft resolution, member countries voted to extend the current stabilization mission's mandate for a final six months. The meeting, however, wasn't without controversy as Russia argued that the role of the new mission remains unclear, and Brazil objected to the addition of new requirements that will set accountability standards for troop- and police-contributing nations charged with carrying out the U.N. mandate in difficult environments such as Haiti.
That language, U.S. Ambassador Nikki Haley said as president of the council, "was added so that we are able to track effectiveness of remaining personnel." "As the stabilization mission in Haiti draws down and the new mission draws up, the Haitian people will be sent on the path of independence and self-sufficiency," Haley said. She raised the thorny topic of allegations of sexual abuse and exploitation by U.N. peacekeepers and personnel in Haiti and elsewhere around the world.
"While this is seen as a success, unfortunately it's a nightmare for many in Haiti who will never be able to forget, and live with brutal scars," Haley said about the U.N.'s presence in Haiti before reading from an Associated Press investigation published this week about sexual abuse. "We must acknowledge the abandoned children, 12 to 15 years old, who lived every day with hunger. They were lured by peacekeepers with cookies and snacks. The high price of this food was sexual abuse."
Though Haley was the only ambassador to raise the U.N. sex scandal, Security Council members all agreed that Haiti's 11 million citizens are still in need of human rights protection. Their concerns about human rights in Haiti were underscored by the decision by the country's new president, Jovenel Moïse, to discontinue the mandate of an independent U.N. human rights expert, Gustavo Gallón.
Gallón's recent visits to Haiti's prisons highlighted "inhumane conditions" there and triggered international scrutiny, much to the dismay of the Haitian government. He even held a press conference in Port-au-Prince last month, shortly before it was revealed that the government opted not to renew his term. "All judges and court officials — and all people — should visit prisons to observe closely the ignominy to which the detainees there are subjected to," Gallón said. "These are inhuman and degrading conditions."
Three years overdue, elections for parliament will finally take place in Haiti. The Haitian National Police will be taking the lead for security with some help from the UN Police. Video by Jacqueline Charles / Miami Herald staff
He noted other human rights abuses. On average, more than 70 percent of detainees around the country had not seen a judge, Gallón said, and the National Penitentiary, where many prisoners had died in the last year due to overcrowding, malnutrition and infectious diseases, was at 359 percent of its capacity. At the current pace, he noted, an estimated 229 prisoners or about 22 out of every 1,000 will die in jail this year.
On Wednesday, HaitiChildren, a Colorado-based charity that usually advocates on behalf of orphaned, abandoned and disabled children, announced that it would supply hundreds of thousands of meals over the next six months to feed the 4,200 prisoners inside the National Penitentiary starting Sunday. Acknowledging that the prison focus was a break from the charity's usual mission, founder Susie Krabacher said she was driven to do something after one of her directors showed her photos of prisoners inside the National Penitentiary, and she toured the facility. "We could not stand back and let more tragedy happen," Krabacher said.
Commissioner of Prisons Jean Gardy Muscadin said the charity-provided meals will supplement the two meals a day that prisoners now receive. Muscadin also said officials are currently working on transferring detainees to less crowded detention facilities. Observers both in and out of the United Nations have long acknowledged that despite the peacekeeping mission's success in cracking down on armed gangs and providing backup and training to the Haitian National Police, the mission has fallen short in helping Haiti reform its dysfunctional justice system and protecting human rights.
The resolution establishing the new mission, the United Nations Mission for Justice Support in Haiti or MINUJUSTH, states that strengthening the justice sector and the capacity of the Haitian National Police in its efforts to strengthen prisons management "is paramount" for the country. "The Haiti of today is not the Haiti of 2004," United Kingdom Permanent Representative Matthew Rycroft said in welcoming the U.N.'s decision to focus less on peacekeeping and more on rule of law and human rights protection in Haiti. "Support for Haiti's security capacity alone will not sustain peace in the country. As history has told us time and time again, it is the rule of law and the protection of human rights, not the capacity to use force, that delivers long-term stability."
Bryan Schaaf
Sun, 04/16/2017 - 07:12
UN Peacekeepers Ran Child Sex Rings, Raped Women (4/14/2017)
Associated Press
By Paisley Dodd
PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti (AP) — In the ruins of a tropical hideaway where jetsetters once sipped rum under the Caribbean sun, the abandoned children tried to make a life for themselves. They begged and scavenged for food, but they never could scrape together enough to beat back the hunger, until the UN peacekeepers moved in a few blocks away. The men who came from a far-away place and spoke a strange language offered the Haitian children cookies and other snacks. Sometimes they gave them a few dollars. But the price was high: The Sri Lankan peacekeepers wanted sex from girls and boys as young as 12. "I did not even have breasts," said a girl, known as V01 – Victim No. 1. She told UN investigators that over the next three years, from ages 12 to 15, she had sex with nearly 50 peacekeepers, including a "Commandant" who gave her 75 cents. Sometimes she slept in UN trucks on the base next to the decaying resort, whose once-glamorous buildings were being overtaken by jungle.
Justice for victims like V01 is rare. An Associated Press investigation of UN missions during the past 12 years found nearly 2,000 allegations of sexual abuse and exploitation by peacekeepers and other personnel around the world – signaling the crisis is much larger than previously known. More than 300 of the allegations involved children, the AP found, but only a fraction of the alleged perpetrators served jail time.
Martine Gestime, 32, wipes her tears during an interview in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Aug. 11, 2016. Gestime said she was raped by a Brazilian peacekeeper in 2008 and became pregnant. Legally, the UN is in a bind. It has no jurisdiction over peacekeepers, leaving punishment to the countries that contribute the troops. The AP interviewed alleged victims, current and former UN officials and investigators and sought answers from 23 countries on the number of peacekeepers who faced such allegations and, what if anything, was done to investigate. With rare exceptions, few nations responded to repeated requests, while the names of those found guilty are kept confidential, making accountability impossible to determine.
Without agreement for widespread reform and accountability from the UN's member states, solutions remain elusive. Here in Haiti, at least 134 Sri Lankan peacekeepers exploited nine children in a sex ring from 2004 to 2007, according to an internal UN report obtained by the AP. In the wake of the report, 114 peacekeepers were sent home. None was ever imprisoned. In March, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres announced new measures to tackle sexual abuse and exploitation by UN peacekeepers and other personnel. But the proclamation had a depressingly familiar ring: More than a decade ago, the United Nations commissioned a report that promised to do much the same thing, yet most of the reforms never materialized.
For a full two years after those promises were made, the children in Haiti were passed around from soldier to soldier. And in the years since, peacekeepers have been accused of sexual abuse the world over. In response to the AP's investigation, the UN's head of field support said Wednesday the international body was aware of shortcomings in the system. "We believe we are advancing in the right direction, especially with the secretary-general's new approach," said Atul Khare who heads the UN department in charge of peacekeeper discipline and conduct. "Improving the assistance provided to victims, who are at the heart of our response, is fundamental." Khare also said the organization was working with member states to hold perpetrators to account.
In one particularly grim case in Haiti, a teenage boy said he was gang-raped in 2011 by Uruguayan peacekeepers who filmed the alleged assault on a cellphone. Dozens of Haitian women also say they were raped, and dozens more had what is euphemistically called "survival sex" in a country where most people live on less than $2.50 a day, the AP found.
Haitian lawyer Mario Joseph has been trying to get compensation for victims of a deadly cholera strain linked to Nepali peacekeepers that killed an estimated 10,000 people. Now, he is also trying to get child support for about a dozen Haitian women left pregnant by peacekeepers. "Imagine if the UN was going to the United States and raping children and bringing cholera," Joseph said in Port-au-Prince. "Human rights aren't just for rich white people."
U.S. Sen. Bob Corker agrees. The Tennessee Republican, who chairs the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has been calling for reforms in the United Nations. He may well get them under President Donald Trump, whose administration has proposed a 31 percent reduction to the US foreign aid and diplomacy budget. Corker and UN Ambassador Nikki Haley want a review of all missions. Corker recalled his disgust at hearing of the UN sexual abuse cases uncovered last year in Central African Republic. "If I heard that a UN peacekeeping mission was coming near my home in Chattanooga," he told AP, "I'd be on the first plane out of here to go back and protect my family."
The Habitation Leclerc resort was once well known throughout Port-au-Prince as a lush refuge amid the capital's grimy alleyways. During its heyday in the 1980s, celebrities like Mick Jagger and Jackie Onassis would perch by the pool or stroll past the property's Voodoo temple. By 2004, the resort was a decrepit clutch of buildings, and several children, either orphaned or abandoned by their parents, were living in its ruins.
It was there that V01 met other victims, two girls referred to in the UN report as "V02" and "V03" and a young boy, "V08." The boy initially supported them by occasionally bringing food from his aunt, but they were often hungry. The peacekeepers had arrived that year as part of a new mission to help stabilize Haiti in the wake of President Jean-Bertrande Aristide's ouster. The Sri Lankans, numbering about 900 troops, landed in a historically unstable country in the grip of scattered violence and kidnappings – and a broken government ill-suited to confront the chaos. Some of the peacekeepers in the Sri Lankan contingent were based near the former resort.
In August 2007, the UN received complaints of "suspicious interactions" between Sri Lankan soldiers and Haitian children. UN investigators then interviewed nine victims, as well as witnesses, while the sex ring was still active. V02, who was 16 when the UN team interviewed her, told them she had sex with a Sri Lankan commander at least three times, describing him as overweight with a moustache and a gold ring on his middle finger. She said he often showed her a picture of his wife. The peacekeepers also taught her some Sinhalese so she could understand and express sexual innuendo; the children even talked to one another in Sinhalese when UN investigators were interviewing them.
V03 identified 11 Sri Lankan troops through photographs, one of whom she said was a corporal with a "distinctive" bullet scar between his armpit and waist. V04, who was 14, said she had sex with the soldiers every day in exchange for money, cookies or juice.
During her interview with investigators, another young victim, V07, received a phone call from a Sri Lankan peacekeeper. She explained that the soldiers would pass along her number to incoming contingent members, who would then call her for sex. The boy, V08, said he had sex with more than 20 Sri Lankans. Most would remove their name tags before taking him to UN military trucks, where he gave them oral sex or was sodomized by them. Another boy, V09, was 15 when his encounters began. Over the course of three years, he said he had sex with more than 100 Sri Lankan peacekeepers, averaging about four a day, investigators said.
Under Haitian law, having sex with someone under 18 is statutory rape. UN codes of conduct also prohibit exploitation. "The sexual acts described by the nine victims are simply too many to be presented exhaustively in this report, especially since each claimed multiple sexual partners at various locations where the Sri Lankan contingents were deployed throughout Haiti over several years," the report said. Investigators showed the children more than 1,000 photographs that included pictures of Sri Lankan troops and locations of where the children had sex with the soldiers. "The evidence shows that from late 2004 to mid-October 2007, at least 134 military members of the current and previous Sri Lankan contingents sexually exploited and abused at least nine Haitian children," the report said.
After the report was filed, 114 Sri Lanka peacekeepers were sent home, putting an end to the sex ring. But the sexual exploitation visited upon Haiti's people didn't stop there. Janila Jean said she was a 16-year-old virgin when a Brazilian peacekeeper lured her to a UN compound three years ago with a smear of peanut butter on bread, raped her at gunpoint and left her pregnant. She finds herself constantly in tears. "Some days, I imagine strangling my daughter to death," she said in an interview under the shadow of banana palms near the former Jacmel base.
With her were three other women who said they also were raped by peacekeepers. One of them sat on her heels, scraping coconut from its shell and into a large cauldron of water and corn, the barest of meals for the women and their small children. Adm. Ademir Sobrinho of Brazil's armed forces said at a conference in London that his force had no such cases of rape, sexual abuse or sexual exploitation.
Janila Jean, 18, sits in front of a friend\'s house as her daughter cries during an interview in Jacmel, Haiti, Aug. 15, 2016. Jean said she was a 16-year-old virgin when a UN peacekeeper from Brazil raped her at gunpoint and left her pregnant. But like many, Jean didn't report the rape. Nearly a dozen women interviewed by the AP said they were too scared to report the crimes out of fear they would be blamed – or worse, would meet their victimizers again.
The AP found that some 150 allegations of abuse and exploitation by UN peacekeepers and other personnel were reported in Haiti alone between 2004 and 2016, out of the worldwide total of nearly 2,000. Aside from the Sri Lankan sex ring in Haiti, some perpetrators were jailed for other cases. Alleged abusers came from Bangladesh, Brazil, Jordan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Uruguay and Sri Lanka, according to UN data and interviews. More countries may have been involved, but the United Nations only started disclosing alleged perpetrators' nationalities after 2015.
In July 2011, four Uruguayan peacekeepers and their commanding officer allegedly gang-raped a Haitian teenager. The men also filmed the alleged attack on their phones, which went viral on the internet. The men never faced trial in Haiti; four of the five were convicted in Uruguay of "private violence," a lesser charge. Uruguayan officials said at the time that it was a prank gone wrong and that no rape occurred.
The following year, three Pakistanis attached to the UN's police units in Haiti were allegedly involved in the rape of a mentally disabled 13-year-old in the northern city of Gonaives. UN officials went to Haiti to investigate, but the Pakistanis abducted the boy to keep him from detailing the abuse that had gone on for more than a year, according to Peter Gallo, a former UN investigator familiar with the case.
Finally, the men were tried in a Pakistani military tribunal, and eventually sent back to Pakistan. In theory, the tribunal could have allowed for better access to witnesses, but it's unclear whether any were called. The Pakistani authorities also refused to allow the UN to observe the proceedings. In the end, one man was sent to prison for a year, according to Ariane Quentier, a spokeswoman for the Haiti mission. "It's an indictment of how the whole UN system works," Gallo told the AP. Pakistan's military has refused several requests for comment on the case. UN data during the 12-year period reviewed by AP is incomplete and varies in levels of detail, particularly for cases before 2010. Hundreds of other cases were closed with little to no explanation. In its review, the AP analyzed data from annual reportsas well as information from the Office of Internal Oversight Services.
Marlene Andrew arranges clothes while her son Johnsley, 5, stands in front of their tent in Jacmel, Haiti, Aug. 15, 2016. Marlene was barely scraping by before a UN peacekeepers made her pregnant with her fourth child.
In the wake of the child sex ring investigation, a team of Sri Lankans spent two weeks in Haiti in October 2007. They interviewed only 25 soldiers out of more than 900 in the country and concluded that just two Sri Lankan corporals and one private had sex with two "young" victims. Three soldiers denied sexual encounters but were suspected of lying, according to the UN investigation report.
For six months, the Sri Lankan army and the government declined to respond to AP's questions about the 2007 case. Instead, officials first dodged repeated queries, then gave vague assurances that the scandal represented an isolated incident. Last month, the Sri Lankan government acknowledged its military had conducted inquiries into just 18 soldiers it said were implicated, and that "the UN Secretariat has acknowledged in writing, action taken by the Government, and informed that the Secretariat, as of 29 September 2014, considers the matter closed."
Some of the peacekeepers involved in the ring were still in the Sri Lankan military as of last year, Sri Lankan military officials say. The United Nations, meanwhile, continued to send Sri Lankan peacekeepers to Haiti and elsewhere despite corroborating the child sex ring. Sri Lankan Defense Secretary Karunasena Hettiarachchi defended the troops, saying, "People are quite happy and comfortable with the peacekeepers."
Above a rusty bench at an abandoned bus stop in the village of Leogane hangs a sign that reads, "Constructed by the 16th Sri Lanka Peacekeeping Battalion." It's one of the few physical reminders of the battalion's mission – along with children fathered by UN personnel. Marie-Ange Haitis says she met a Sri Lankan commander in December 2006 and he soon began making night-time visits to her house in Leogane. "By January, we had had sex," she said. "It wasn't rape, but it wasn't exactly consensual, either. I felt like I didn't have a choice."
She said when she first realized that she was pregnant, the Haitian translator assigned to the Sri Lankans told her to have an abortion. Then, she said, UN officials accused her of lying. As she spoke, her daughter Samantha sat on her lap wearing an oversized pair of sunglasses with a missing lens.
Marie-Ange Haitis stands with her daughter Samantha at their home in Leogane, Haiti, Aug. 17, 2016. Haitis says she met a Sri Lankan commander in December 2006 and he soon began making nighttime visits to her house When she was interviewed in August, Haitis said she had been waiting nearly a decade for the UN to consider her paternity claim to help support her daughter.
Finally, early this year, Sri Lankan and UN officials told AP that a onetime payment of $45,243 had been made for Haitis' daughter. The United Nations said Sri Lanka accepted the paternity claim without proof of DNA and the commander was dismissed from service. But such payments are rare. UN officials said they were unable to find any members of the mission in Haiti who might have dealt with the victims in the sex-ring case and did not know what happened to the children.
An Italian non-governmental organization, AVSI, said it helped the children by trying to find homes for them, providing them with counseling and helping reintegrate them into schools, but it also lost track of the children shortly after the country's devastating 2010 earthquake. Khare, the UN head of field support, acknowledged the scope of the problem and said the global agency must do more to help victims, including gathering accurate information and following up with troop-contributing countries. "What we all want to see is justice been served for the victims of these horrendous acts," he said.
An AP review of reports on the conduct of UN field missions showed haphazard record-keeping. In a 2008 report, for example, 19 allegations were reported in Haiti – a number that seemed to contradict the UN's own investigation report in late 2007 that identified nine children and 134 peacekeepers in the sex ring. Before 2010, the number of allegations involving minors was not specified for all UN missions. Some Haitians wonder whether the UN has done more harm than good in a country that has endured tragedy after tragedy since it became the first black republic in 1804. UN personnel say they have contributed to the stability in the Caribbean nation over the years, saved lives during the 2010 earthquake's aftermath and prevented violence during periods of unrest. The mission, which currently has nearly 5,000 personnel and is expected to scale down by October, has also been credited with training police, providing security during elections and support to the judiciary. "I would not say we have achieved everything we set out to do, but we are engaged in a process of continuous improvement that any harmful effect on the local populations could be minimized, if not completely eradicated," Khare said. Many here are not convinced. "I'd like to see my attacker face to face and tell him how he has destroyed my life," said 21-year-old Melida Joseph, who said she was raped by one peacekeeper and narrowly escaped being gang-raped in Cite-Soleil, a seaside slum. Like others, she never reported the crime. "They'll look at this as one big joke," she said. "As far as the UN goes, they came here to protect us, but all they've brought is destruction."
Bryan Schaaf
Fri, 04/21/2017 - 06:45
Haitian Mothers Claim UN Unresponsive Over Peacekeeper Children
The Guardian
The UN has been accused of refusing to cooperate with a human rights group that is pursuing child support payments for women left pregnant by its peacekeeping forces. Lawyers representing 10 women in Haiti plan to pursue child support cases through civil action, but say they need the UN's assistance to proceed because most of the men involved are no longer in the country.
Bureau des Avocats Internationaux (BAI), a legal firm in Haiti, wrote to the UN in August requesting the results of DNA tests administered to some of the women. Mario Joseph, managing attorney at BAI, said the letter, sent through Haiti's foreign ministry, has been met with silence. "[Life for the women] is really terrible," said Joseph. "We've got more than six who live in the south of Haiti; Hurricane Matthew destroyed the south. Some of them don't have any housing, they tried to go to relatives and they begged to get food for the baby."
The UN stabilisation mission in Haiti (Minustah) said in a statement that it is in contact with the foreign affairs ministry regarding the cases and is awaiting further details in relation to one of the women. The statement said: "Minustah, through its conduct and discipline unit, continues to maintain regular contact with the victims and address their requests. For example, the mission is currently liaising with several UN agencies, funds and programmes to find a shelter solution for one of the victims represented by the lawyer. "Where a child has been born as a result of sexual exploitation and abuse by United Nations or related personnel, the UN will work to facilitate the pursuit of claims of paternity and child support."
The group of mothers includes a woman who was 16 at the time of pregnancy – two years below the legal age of consent in Haiti. The soldier responsible, who was repatriated to Uruguay, initially sent $350 (£273) when the mother first gave birth, but has since stopped sending assistance. The UN carried out a DNA test in February 2014 but has not passed the results to the mother, according to her lawyers "These relationships occurred often on a transactional basis in a position of huge power inequality, where women were desperate for some kind of financial assistance for themselves and their families," said Sienna Merope-Synge, an attorney at Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti, a human rights group and BAI's sister organisation.
One of the women fell pregnant after an alleged rape, which was reported to the conduct and discipline unit of the UN peacekeeping mission in Haiti. UN cooperation is crucial if the cases are to have any impact on the women involved, said Merope-Synge. "Because the fathers are no longer in Haiti, there [would be] a need to serve them with the results … and also, if necessary, enforce the judgment in another court or have their government or the UN assume that liability somehow. This is untested waters."
The cases are likely to be the tip of the iceberg, said Merope-Synge, though many women will be reluctant to come forward. The UN announced last week that it would end its controversial peacekeeping mission in Haiti by October, replacing it with a smaller police force. The 13-year mission has been dogged by controversy, including allegations of sexual abuse and the introduction of cholera to the island. In December the UN finally admitted that its peacekeepers were responsible for introducing the disease, which is estimated to have killed 10,000 people.
Last week, further reports of sexual abuse emerged with claims that at least 134 Sri Lankan peacekeepers exploited nine children in a sex ring from 2004 to 2007. The reports alleged that 114 peacekeepers were sent home but no one was ever imprisoned. Madeleine Rees, secretary general of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, said that, without robust policies, UN resolutions promising to protect women remain little more than a wishlist. "Is it better to have peacekeepers there who are engaging in this sort of abuse?" said Rees. "What kind of peace are they keeping? They certainly aren't protecting the people they're supposed to be protecting. "We're advocating for there to be tribunals in countries where there are peacekeeping missions, not just for sexual exploitation but for all the other things that go on."
Akshaya Kumar, deputy UN director at Human Rights Watch, said that while the UN has made progress in how it deals with new reports of sexual abuse, there is a danger that historic cases like those in Haiti may be forgotten. "The UN has become much better at being public and transparent about tracking newly reported cases," said Kumar, "but that transparency doesn't go back far enough to address all of the Haiti victims. "The UN needs to really dig deeper into the past and ensure those who face the bitter legacy of this mission aren't short-changed as things move forward. "Even if you shut down missions your obligations to the people affected by them negatively remain." Any future UN presence in Haiti should involve a victims' rights advocate, added Kumar. In February, the UN secretary general, António Guterres, proposed appointing a victims' rights advocate.


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I have ordered my first proper 'rig' It is a Yaesu FT-857D a nice small, portable/mobile unit that will give me access to the HF and 6m/2m/70cm bands in all-modes. It has took a while since I first identified it as potential purchase but thanks to some generous Christmas presents I now have the sufficient funds and following several recommendations have decided to take the plunge and ordered it from Waters and Stanton
|She is a beauty!
I have a decent 7A PSU, purchased last year which I am sure would have sufficed for 10W maximum operation however I decided to also purchase a MAAS SPS-30-II 30A(35A peak) PSU. It was a good price from Radiozing and offers plenty of power for anything I am likely to run in the foreseeable future, and from the pictures and reviews seems to be built like the proverbial brick out-house. As well as the main connectors on the back it has spring clip terminals on the front as well as a cigar lighter type connector. Dual meters showing V/A and can be used in variable mode from 9-15V or fixed at 13.8V
|This is the beast!
Delivery should be later this week and I suspect I have a large learning curve ahead of me as I hit the airwaves! If you should hear me please be gentle..


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Walking Down from Vyšehrad | Prague, Czech Republic
There are a couple of ways to walk up or down from Vyšehrad in Prague. That's the one I call the scenic route as it leads down to the Vltava providing a nice view over the golden town along the river. But even though I was waiting on that spot for a long time, I didn't manage to get a shot without any people. It seemed that the way is the choice for a lot of people.
- Copyright
- Nico Trinkhaus
- Image Size
- 4696x3130 / 11.9MB
- Keywords
vyšehrad, czech republic, day, daylight, summer, sun, sunshine, colorful, vibrant, inviting, europe, alley, prague, old, sky, road, city, travel, architecture, scene, outdoors, street, tranquil, outside, light, bright, foliage, season, environment, nature, beautiful, golden, rural, color, urban, town, house, building, sunlight, footpath, cityscape, colourful, sidewalk, outlook, sight, walk, vysehrad, praha, prag, tranquility, pathway
- Contained in galleries
- Czech Republic


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Saturday, May 14, 2011
Outfit Post - Marie Antoinette Costume
7 comments:
So romantic outfit!ReplyDelete
It reminds my alice in wonderland :D
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xoxo GROUNDBREAKING
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M IS FOR MODE - All about Fashion & Mode
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oooh la la a sexy marie antoinette!!!ReplyDelete
lovely outfit! you just remind me of
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Syriously in Fashion
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What a pretty dress!! Love it so much :)ReplyDelete
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I really love your dress!ReplyDelete
You did such a great job! It looks amazing :)ReplyDelete


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Smarty in Santa's village, for pre-schoolers 3-6 years old [Download]
Smarty in Santa's village, for pre-schoolers 3-6 years old [Download] by SIEM
DescriptionThe Smarty's new adventure in Santa's village will keep you company at Christmas and all year long! It is an advanced educational software product for children aged 3-6, which successfully combines learning and recreation through a rich interactive environment. This program deals with subjects of primarily pre-school education in both an original and entertaining way. It also helps children's psycho-motor development with games based on logic, memory, observation and creativity. It deals with subjects like:, numbers 1-10, letters of the alphabet, colors, shapes, left and right, ordering of objects, picture composition, picture completion, odd-one-out, picture correlation, pairs matching, correlation of objects to a picture. Smarty invites you to visit Santa's house, to hang ornaments on the Christmas tree and decorate the snowman, to help the elves load presents on the sleigh and play games together at the ice-rink and carousel. And don't forget to take a stroll past the toy shops, candy shops and Christmas shops. Make truly merry Christmas card for your loved ones and create winter-themed art. Santa's snow-covered village is full of games and surprises!!!
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The first exhibition in the Moberly Area Community College Graphic Art / Fine Art Gallery is now on display.
The exhibition will be shown from Sept. 2 through Sept. 24 and features Wildlife Photographer, Noppadol Paothong, who a staff photographer for the magazine, The Missouri Conservationist. The exhibition reception will be held on Thursday, Sept. 9 from 2-4 p.m. in the Gallery on the main campus with refreshments being served. An informal gallery talk with Mr. Paothong will be held during the reception where viewers can ask questions and discuss his work and his process.
Before he joined the Missouri Department of Conservation, Mr. Paothong worked as a photo journalist at daily newspapers - the Joplin Globe (Joplin, Missouri) and Springfield News-Leader (Springfield, Missouri).
His main role is to contribute to the MDC's monthly magazine, Missouri Conservationist, and many other MDC's publications. With a monthly circulation of over 500,000, the Missouri Conservationist is known as one of the largest state conservation magazines. http://www.nopnatureimages.com/about.html
Click on photo to enlarge


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Robert Davidson
Photograph by Martin Lipman
Image courtesy of: http://www.canadacouncil.ca
"I feel it's up to us, to the artists who have achieved that classical period level, it's up to us to maintain that standard and to instill a standard."
A native of the Canadian Northwest Coast, sculptor, painter, jeweler, printmaker and master totem pole and mask carver, Robert Davidson is of Haida descent and one of the leading figures of the Haida cultural and artistic renaissance.
Born in Hydaburg, Alaska, in 1946, Robert Davidson's Haida name is Guud San Glans (Eagle of the Dawn). In 1947 he moved to Massett on Hiada Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia) with his family where he lived until 1965; he then moved to Vancouver to attend Point Grey Secondary School. It was at Point Grey that he began to learn the fundamental techniques and processes of silk-screening. Then, in 1966, a pivotal event in Davidson's young life occurred: he met the artist, Bill Reid and through Reid, the anthropologist Wilson Duff and another artist, Bill Holm. It was through his connections with Reid, Duff and Holm that Davidson began to become interested in and learn about the ancient art of his ancestral (Haida) peoples and their culture. In pursuit of his artistic education, Davidson then enrolled in the Vancouver School of Art - the school he credits for helping to develop his drawing and design skills.
(Source: gormanmuseum.ucdavis.edu, undated)
"Eagle Transforming Into Eagle" ~ 2002
Image courtesy of Eagle of the Dawn Ltd. at: http://gormanmuseum.ucdavis.edu/
"Beaver" ~ 1974
Image courtesy of: http://www.inuit.com/
With an innate ability for being able to interpret traditional Haida forms, in a way, carving was almost second-nature to Davidson; it coursed through his bloodline. The artist himself credits his teachers and elders before him from whom he has learned the artistic 'vocabulary' of those traditions - both his father, Claude Davidson, and his grandfather, Robert Davidson Sr., were both respected carvers in Massett. But this personal artistic history goes further back: his great-grandfather, Charles Edenshaw, was a master Haida carver of repute. At the age of thirteen and on his father's insistence of carrying through with the family tradition, Davidson began to carve. Since then and throughout his artistic career, Davidson has used a variety of materials, both traditional and non-traditional, including bronze and gold (in 1997, the Royal Canadian Mint issued a $200 Haida mask gold coin designed by Davidson entitled, Raven Bringing Light to the World). (Source: gormanmuseum.ucdavis.edu)
"Raven Bringing Light to the World"
$200 Haida Mask gold coin, issued by the Royal Canadian Mint in 1997
Image courtesy of: http://www.amazon.com/
Over the decades, Robert Davidson's work has become internationally recognized, respected and sought after by collectors and museums alike. As a result, his work can now be found in a number of important collections, both private and public, including the National Gallery of Canada in Ottawa, the Vancouver Art Gallery and the Artists for Kids Gallery in North Vancouver, the Canadian Museum of Civilization in Hull, Quebec, and at the Southwest Museum in Los Angeles, California. Not surprisingly, his accomplishments have earned Davidson numerous awards as well: in recognition of his invaluable contribution to First Nations art and culture, the National Aboriginal Achievement Award (1995); the Order of British Columbia; the Order of Canada (1996); and, most recently, the Governor General's Awards In Visual and Media Arts (2010). Additionally, Davidson holds several honourary degrees from various institutions such as, the University of Victoria, the Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia, the Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas, and Vancouver's Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design. (Sources: gormanmuseum.ucdavis.edu, undated; canadacouncil.ca, 2010)
Davidson is still busy with commission work - in 2010, he was hard at work in his White Rock studio carving two commemorative totem poles for the 125th anniversary of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police; the poles were erected in the east beach area in White Rock, British Columbia. (Source: vancouversun.com, 2010)
"Two Finned Killer Whale"
Image courtesy of: http://www.icollector.com/
"Transformation" ~ 1972
Image courtesy of: http://www.coghlanart.com/
"The Happy Blowhole" ~ 1992
Photograph by Trevor Mills
Image courtesy of: http://agora.museevirtuel.ca/
"Dogfish" (bronze)
"Thunderbird" headdress
The above two images are courtesy of: http://www.spiritwrestler.com/
The above two images are courtesy of: http://www.spiritwrestler.com/
serigraph prints are by Robert Davidson
The four images above are courtesy of: http://romokon.blogspot.com/
"Killer Whale Transforming Into A Thunderbird" ~ 2009
(From the collection of the Vancouver Art Gallery)
Photograph by Trevor MillsImage courtesy of: http://www.allartnews.com/
"Frog" ~ 1974
"Dogfish" ~ 1974
"Sara's Birth Announcement" ~ 1973
"From Eagle Drum" ~ 1990
"Eagle Looking At Eagle" ~ 1992
"Frog" ~ 1989
"Hugging The World" ~ 1988
"Change of Address" ~ 1971
"Seawolf Inside Its Own Dorsal Fin" ~ 1983
"Raven Bringing Light To The World" ~ 1985
"Dogfish" ~ 1982
"Southeast Wind" ~ 2004The above thirteen images are courtesy of: http://www.alcheringa-gallery.com/
"Sea Monster"
"Eagle Transforming" ~ 1992
"Halibut, Halibut, Halibut" ~ 2001
"T'Samuus ~ Sea Monster"
"Half A Soul"
"Are You Ready for the New Light?"
"Looking At Asymmetry"
"Put Your Complaints 'Ere"
"Split U"
The above ten serigraph prints are by Robert Davidson
Images are courtesy of: http://www.robertdavidson.ca
"I Got My Life Back" (serigraph)
Davidson at work (on two commemorative totem poles) in his White Rock studio ~ 2010
The above two images are courtesy of: http://www.vancouversun.com/
"Supernatural Eye" ~ 2006
Photograph by Kenji Nagai
Image courtesy of: http://www.canadacouncil.ca/
Davidson with the Right Honourable Michaëlle Jean, Governor General of Canada
Photograph by Sgt. Serge Gouin, Rideau Hall ~ 2010
Image courtesy of: http://www.canadacouncil.ca/
Suggested readings:
Robert Davidson: Haida Printmaker (1979), by Hilary Stewart: Douglas & McIntyre
Robert Davidson: Eagle of the Dawn (1993), by Robert Davidson, Ian M. Thom, Aldona Jonaitis, Marianne Jones & the Vancouver Art Gallery: University of Washington Press
Eagle Transforming: The Art of Robert Davidson (1994), by Robert Davidson & Ulli Steltzer: Douglas & McIntyre
Down From The Shimmering Sky: Masks of the Northwest Coast (1998), by Peter L. Macnair, Robert Joseph & Bruce Grenville: Douglas & McIntyre
Raven Travelling: Two Centuries of Haida Art (2006), by Daina Augaitis & the Vancouver Art Gallery: Vancouver Art Gallery
Art of the Northwest Coast (2006), by Aldona Jonaitis: Douglas & McIntyre


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Last time we examined the border vacuums around superblocks, so this time let's look at a specific subset of particularly problematic superblocks: tower-in-the-park projects, garden apartment projects, office parks, strip malls, big-box stores, and other facilities that come in the Garden City and Radiant City formats.
|Ebenezer Howard's Garden City concept.
In the late 19th century the British planner Ebenezer Howard promoted a planning strategy that emphasized the formation of satellite towns around large cities (see right). These towns were intended to have their own agricultural belts and commercial districts, but the few that were built – Greenbelt, Maryland, for example – more or less took the form of conventional bedroom communities.
Howard's pastoral Garden City proposition was an understandable reaction to the horrors of hypertrophic industrialization, but, as Jacobs noted in her introduction to Death and Life, the concept was unrealistic, as all utopias are:
"His aim was the creation of small towns; very nice towns if you were docile, had no plans of your own, and didn't mind spending your life among others with no plans of their own. [Howard] conceived of planning as a series of static acts; in each case the plan must anticipate all that is needed and be protected against any subsequent changes. He conceived of planning as essentially paternalistic, if not authoritarian. (17-19)."
Since it was hopelessly static, Howard's Garden City was completely irrelevant to the social and economic underpinnings of real cities. But unfortunately, as Jacobs went on to argue, the Garden City exerted a powerful influence on 20th century architects and planners, and I think it continues to do so today: there seems to remain a subconscious meme that the city is an environmental evil, and that we should import artifices of "nature" into the city to ruralize it. I'd argue that this meme drove Ian McHarg's Design with Nature philosophy, that it drives today's Landscape "Urbanism" (more on this in an upcoming post on the border vacuums around "green spaces"), and that it even leads places like Washington DC to consider open space mandates a la suburbia!
|Le Corbusier's Radiant City concept.
Le Corbusier called this concept the Radiant City and aggressively promoted it, as in his scheme for razing half of Paris and replacing it with towers set in vacuous "green spaces" (see above). Baltimore's notorious postwar tower-in-the-park housing projects were direct descendants of the Radiant City ideology.
Again, Le Corbusier's concept was an understandable reaction to the horrors of hypertrophic industrialization, but, as with the Garden City, the Radiant City was hopelessly static. As Jacobs said, it was "irrelevant to the workings of cities (25)." Le Corbusier was notoriously averse to street life ("death of the street!" was his refrain), and in the antiurban Radiant City daily life seemed to be little more than mechanistically undertaking a series of solitary, sanitized, segregated tasks. The concept is so inhuman that some wonder if Le Corbusier was oblivious to the necessity and felicity of human interaction.
Like the Garden City, the Radiant City exerted a tremendous influence on 20th century architects and planners. Although its most infamous products were the anarchic housing projects in Europe and the Americas, the tactic wasn't just confined to public (or "social") housing. Middle and high-income housing developments followed the tower-in-the-park model, as did office developments and shopping centers.
As mentioned earlier, the Radiant City's dysfunction was made highly visible in the fiasco that was public housing. Although there is currently an attempt to revive the concept by essentially asserting it would work just fine if enough money was thrown at the facilities (apparently you can never throw too much money at a problem!), the reality is these projects required an unwieldy, statist scale of operation that isn't feasible in a contemporary urban context characterized by the prioritized distribution of limited public resources. Even today's "model" housing authorities can't keep their units habitable, and public housing has arguably only perpetuated an endless "affordable housing crisis."
Jacobs describes precisely how tower-in-the-park housing projects unnecessarily induce social and financial burdens: while there are elaborate and costly (and sometimes still ineffective!) workarounds for the blind-eyed hallways, stairwells, and elevators in housing projects, like open-gallery hallways, security cameras, and regular policing in stairwells, the traditional street-and-block fabric obviates the need for these workarounds. You don't need police-patrolled stairwells and hallways if the public circulation occurs where there are "eyes on the street": "Buildings must be oriented to the street. They cannot turn their backs on it and leave it blind (35)."
While upper-class towers can afford enough private security and gadgetry to make their blind-eyed hallways and stairwells safe, project towers must instead sap limited public resources that could be better deployed elsewhere – like foot patrols on regular streets. So the project tower is unnecessarily vulnerable to security problems that the traditional city street addresses automatically and casually due to its form – Jacobs called this "do-it-yourself surveillance."
This surveillance allows self-appointed "public characters" to maintain the street's social structure, further reinforcing the street's safety and cohesion in a positive feedback loop (68-71). Many Baltimore neighborhoods – even struggling ones – have these public characters, and people quickly learn who the unofficial "mayor" of their street/block/district is. Contrarily, vacuous project hallways rarely produce such mayors.
|Unlike housing project grounds, many traditional streets are self-policed.
The anonymous, ambiguous nature of project grounds (or "green spaces" in today's lingo) is precisely why they form such formidable border vacuums. The grounds remain ownerless because there are no eyes on the street and no way to discern what needs to be casually policed: "There must be a clear demarcation between public space and private space; they cannot ooze into each other as they typically do in projects... Far from being attracted by indefinite leftovers of land oozing around buildings, people are repelled by them. People don't seek settings for buildings; they seek settings for themselves (35-106)."
Of course, in many Radiant City projects even the simple inanities of "green space" give way to pavement: "[Le Corbusier] embroidered freeways onto his Radiant City scheme in quantities that bore no relationship whatsoever to the hugely greater quantities of automobiles, amounts of roadway, and extent of parking actually necessary for his repetitive vertical concentrations of people separated by vacuity. His vision of skyscrapers in the park degenerates in real life into skyscrapers in parking lots. (342-343)."
As their grounds devolve into border vacuums, housing projects set into motion the running-down process discussed in the very first post: "Sometimes visible evidence of the running-down process is as graphic as a diagram. At the borders of the dark and empty grounds of [the Lower East Side] housing projects, the streets are dark and empty of people too. Stores have gone out of business, and many quarters stand unused and empty. Street by street, as you move away from the project's borders, a little more life is found. But each year the vacuum seems to eat a little farther in (260)."
It's remarkable how common this running-down phenomenon is: although the severity of moribundity varies from city to city, I've seen the process affect cities as small as Albany and Troy, NY, and even though Baltimore's highrise projects are gone, a depressing moribundity continues to emanate from lowrise projects like the Perkins Homes, much to the frustration of Fell's Point residents! This moribundity is partly a product of infantilization: as Jacobs discusses in Chapter 15, traditional neighborhoods can "unslum" and improve themselves over time (Fell's Point is no longer seedy and overcrowded!), but housing projects are frozen in perpetual stasis.
Finally, as Jacobs discusses in Chapter 14, housing projects form "dead end" border vacuums for non-project residents due to their monolithic sorting-out of a single use (affordable housing). Like any other use, affordable housing needs to be integrated among other uses in modest increments: "There is nothing unhealthier for a city than a monoculture of poverty (Duany, 37)."
As in the previous post on superblocks, at this point some might insist that the Garden City and Radiant City theories are long dead. But while Baltimore and many other cities have gotten rid of their tower-in-the-park projects, the tactic is still used for other kinds of developments. After all, the architecture profession's academic wing never really got over the Radiant City: slabs or ambiguous blobs in the park are still proposed for school projects, for competitions and exhibitions, for infill projects and new cities, for university campuses, and so on. For example, much of the development in Asia currently comes in the vertical dormitory format.
Furthermore, a kind of "fashionable dystopia" continues to preoccupy some academics and starchitects – that is, the notion that a city is just so much "chaos," "uncertainty," and "disorder." As Jacobs discusses in her introduction and conclusion, this notion of the city as "chaos" was common among Garden City and Radiant City utopians, and it reflects a fundamental misunderstanding of cities: "[To Mumford] New York's midtown was 'solidified chaos.' [To Stein] the shape and appearance of cities was nothing but a 'chaotic accident', to Le Corbusier Stockholm was 'frightening chaos'... But [cities] are not problems in disorganized complexity, they are problems in organized complexity (21-433)."
Jacobs goes on to discuss how midcentury utopians, seeing nothing but urban "chaos," strove to replace it with statistical models: "The conception of the city as a collection of separate file drawers was suited very well by the Radiant City vision of Le Corbusier. His scheme assumed the statistical reordering of a system of disorganized complexity (436)."
Today, of course, the impulse to replace urban "chaos" with simple statistical models has given way to an incurious, even nihilistic, celebration of said "chaos." To me this suggests that urbanity continues to mystify some cutting-edgers: there seems to be little conception of the city being anything more than a kind of Radiant City sculpture garden. But as Jacobs argued, "To approach a city as if it were an architectural problem capable of being given order by converting it into a work of art is to make the mistake of attempting to substitute art for life (373)."
The continued preoccupation with nonexistent "chaos" and with cities-as-art raises some troubling issues for cities like Baltimore: unless they constantly and carefully scrutinize the quality of their urban infill, there is the danger of slipping into a second round of Radiant City experimentation under the persistent misguided notion that the cure to a city's ills will be found in its ruralization: "The failure of urbanism has been so comprehensive for the last fifty years that we have no faith in our ability to do it anymore. So now the default setting is 'nature.' The automatic response should be, 'Let's repair the mutilation in the urban fabric.' But instead you get this knee-jerk reaction, 'Replace [the city] with nature.' (Kunstler, 23:00-23:35)." So it'd be a shame if cities were saddled with a second crop of 'blob-in-nature' experiments, because recovering from the first crop was difficult enough!
But assuming Baltimore and other cities manage to keep new Radiant City border vacuums at bay, how can they go about fixing their existing Radiant City border vacuums?
|The former Lafayette Courts housing project.
Baltimore has been quite successful in removing tower-in-the-park projects and replacing them with traditional rowhouse blocks under the CNU-influenced Hope VI program. Nowhere else is this impressive feat described better than in the Baltimore Rowhouse:
"On a winter's morning in 1955, a bulldozer started up and plowed into a group of brick rowhouses at the corner of Lexington and Aisquith Streets. When it was through, every rowhouse in the area was gone. It its place came a highrise housing project called Lafayette Courts. Forty years later, on a summer's morning in 1995, an electronic signal ignited 995 pounds of dynamite and the six towers of Lafayette Courts came crashing down. In its place came 228 rowhouses. The rowhouse has come full circle (1)."
|Broadway Overlook replaced the Broadway Homes.
As with other Hope VI developments across the country, I sympathize with some criticisms over their residual Garden City features: the excessively-wide roads, the excessive parking (at the expense of larger backyards), the rather useless setbacks (again at the expense of larger backyards), and the lack of shops, live-work units, and other commerce. These shortcomings are perhaps most visible in Heritage Crossing.
|Albemarle Square is seamlessly integrated into surrounding neighborhoods.
Interestingly enough, in Chapter 20 ("Salvaging Projects") Jacobs never called for the demolition of tower-in-the-park projects, perhaps because they represented such enormous sunk costs. Rather, Jacobs argued, they should be integrated back into the urban fabric by infilling their ambiguous grounds with small blocks composed of mixed-use buildings fronting onto continuous streets – in other words, by extending the traditional urban pattern right up to the towers. Of course, Jacobs wrote Death and Life when the projects were still relatively new, and their physical condition has since deteriorated to the point where demolition becomes far more attractive.
Still, a combination of incremental demolition and infill might work for some projects, like the McCulloh Homes. If the project's two towers aren't demolished, their (rather modest) skirt of "open space" could be infilled with mixed-use walkups. The project's superblock could be broken up by reintroducing and extending Hoffman, Etting, Division, and Brunt Streets across the site. The lowrise apartments could be incrementally converted into or replaced with traditional street-fronting shops and rowhouses, and the parking lots and walkways could be converted into intimate alley streets capable of commanding pride of ownership.
Of course, the McCulloh Homes are only one small part of a massive border vacuum composed of multiple Radiant City failures all the way from State Center down to the Social Security complex. Any strategy for dissolving the McCulloh Homes border vacuum would need to be coordinated with strategies for fixing State Center (more on this below), the dismal Social Security complex, several insular garden apartment complexes, MLK Boulevard, and the Highway to Nowhere.
Having demolished its highrise projects, Baltimore has turned its attention to removing its increasingly dysfunctional lowrise projects. For example, Spicer's Run recently replaced Eutaw Gardens (as discussed previously, it could have done a better job reconnecting to North Avenue), and there are plans to further improve Eutaw Place by replacing Pedestal Gardens with traditional infill. Madison Park North, the "Murder Mall" that cleaves Bolton Hill and Reservoir Hill, also faces inevitable replacement. I think the Poe Homes and Perkins Homes should eventually be replaced with traditional infill as well.
Like tower-in-the-park projects, many of these lowrise garden apartment complexes have nebulous, ownerless, blind-eyed grounds, so they too are unnecessarily vulnerable to crime. As with the aforementioned incremental conversion of McCulloh Homes into a traditional mixed-use neighborhood, I think many lowrise projects could be incrementally repaired by breaking up their superblocks (i.e. extending clipped streets through linear parking lots), converting their walkways into streets, and converting or incrementally replacing apartments with rowhouses and commercial establishments that fronted onto the new streets.
|Baltimore's State Center as originally envisioned.
As discussed earlier, the tower-in-the-park format wasn't just used for housing projects; it was also used for office projects with equally dismal results. Perhaps the most notorious example in Baltimore is the State Center, a poorly-aging complex of state government offices between Midtown and Bolton Hill. Originally conceived as a glittering tower-in-the-park sculpture (see right), State Center actually devolved into an even-drearier tower in the parking lot, exactly as Jacobs had predicted.
There already is an ambitious proposal to break up State Center by extending clipped streets across its superblock and infilling it with mixed-use midrise buildings. I think the proposal sounds fine in the abstract, but its implementation raises several concerns:
Firstly, there is the risk of injecting too much new office space into an office market already suffering from high vacancies; as with Harbor East, the development might only undermine the downtown via "intracity sprawl."
Secondly, the proposal intends to incorporate an absurdly high amount of parking, far too much for such a transit-friendly location! (Both the Metro and Light Rail have stations there.) If this happened, the proposal could end up as another in a long line of TOD-in-name-only developments dwarfed by massive parking garages.
Thirdly, there are numerous downsides to introducing too much new construction all at once. As Jacobs discusses in Chapter 10 ("The Need for Aged Buildings"), districts that are built up in a relatively short period often fail to accommodate a sufficiently-broad range of activities: "A district must mingle buildings that vary in age and condition [to] incubate diversity. If a city has only new buildings, the enterprises that can exist there are limited to those that can support the high costs of new construction. Mingling of new and old buildings, with consequent mingling in living costs and tastes, is essential to get diversity and stability in residential populations [and] enterprises (187-194)."
|The urban fabric wiped out by State Center could still be rebuilt...
Although this approach would take longer to coalesce into a neighborhood, that neighborhood might very well be more organic: it'd accommodate a wider range of residents and businesses in buildings of different types and sizes, provided Baltimore's zoning code overhaul is flexible enough to allow the necessary variety. In short, there's no reason why the city couldn't adopt policies to encourage the reemergence of the original fine-grained neighborhood (see above) rather than continue relying on the "big footprint" approach.
It's still quite common for suburban commercial templates, like strip shopping centers, big-box stores, and shopping malls, to be carelessly airlifted into urban settings. Like any other city, Baltimore has its poorly-aging suburban transplants from the urban renewal era, but it continues to see new transplants, as at Port Covington and Canton Crossing.
The problem with airlifting suburban commercial templates into urban settings is that the urban context behaves very differently from the suburban context, and a context-insensitive transplant often causes problems. For example, a big-box supermarket can be comfortably accommodated in a suburban setting because there is sufficient space to buffer it from surrounding streets and houses via berms and shrubbery screens. Even if the big-box abuts a street, chances are that street (i.e. unpleasant arterial) will have no street life anyway.
But an urban context is very different: there is less land to sacrifice for berms and shrubbery buffers (even if there was, urban land is far too valuable to waste on such marginal band-aids), so the big-box usually ends up abutting streets and houses at an uncomfortably-close distance. The resulting blank-walled, blind-eyed streets are rendered unnecessarily vulnerable to crime, just like the aforementioned housing project grounds. This careless sundering of "eyes on the street" can be seen in Charles Village and Waverly.
|Horizontally-oriented facades make a walk feel longer and more tiresome.
In Close Encounters With Buildings, Jan Gehl argues that porous vertically-oriented facades make a walk feel shorter and more pleasurable, whereas blank horizontally-oriented facades make a walk feel longer and more tiresome: "Walking along facades with vertical rhythms makes the walk much more interesting. We move from 'column to column,' which makes the walk seem shorter. Facades with horizontal articulation intensify the feeling of distance – a long, tiring perspective at eye level (35)."
|Tachieva's Sprawl Repair Manual offers many ideas for fixing big-boxes.
For big-boxes that directly abut the street (like the Waverly example), one could punch storefronts through their street-facing blank walls and simply move their interior shops (the pharmacies, bank branches, salons, video arcades, and other venues near the registers) into the storefronts. The shops could then be accessed from inside the big-boxes as well as from the sidewalks. For big-boxes with parking aprons (like the Charles Village example), one could incrementally extend existing buildings around the perimeters of the parking lots to create mixed-use liners. Of course, big-box retailers can be accommodated in midrise and highrise buildings too. Whatever the tactic, the goal remains the same: don't cripple streets with blank walls, parking lots, and ambiguous setbacks!
To that end, I hope Baltimore's new zoning code discourages the further importation of incompatible Radiant City transplants. Note that this wouldn't be a matter of discouraging any particular use (i.e. chain retail) but rather a matter of discouraging specific forms (i.e. blank-walled boxes set in parking lagoons).
Next time we'll examine solutions for the border vacuums around parks and "green spaces," so stay tuned!
- Marc Szarkowski


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Rosemary Papp
38 Years Local Real Estate Experience to Serve You
I have sold a property at 333 2451 GLADWIN RD in Abbotsford
Posted in: Abbotsford West, Abbotsford Real Estate
I have sold a property at 333 2451 GLADWIN RD in Abbotsford.
Awesome layout makes life easier! This 2 BR 2 bath condo in the Oaks at Centennial Court offers top floor location, open, bright floor plan, separate diningroom, master suite with double shower, Jack & Jill closets, opposite side 2nd BR offers direct access to main bath. Features include kitchen pantry with pullouts, oversize linen closet, wrap around cabinets in laundry, spacious deck off livingroom, off set gas fireplace. Consider a stay-cation with building amenities that includes indoor pool, steam room & hottub, guest suite, library & workshop. Seven Oaks shops and Mill Lake are just steps away. This 55+ community is perfect for a carefree lifestyle! Call soon or this good buy will soon be good bye!
Copyright Rosemary Papp 2013.
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