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Who can apply for registration of these intellectual property rights and, briefly, what is the procedure for registration?
Intellectual Property
In general, the right to apply for registration belongs to the creator/ the owner of the rights as described in section 3 above. The procedure starts with filing of an application at the Patent Office and shall be entered into the State register of the respective right. The form of the applications and the order or filing and expertise at the Patent Office are in general determined by an ordinance of the Council of Ministers. Generally, a check of the Formal Requirements for registration shall be performed and afterwards a preliminary expertise and expertise on admissibility of the legal protection. Then a final expertise/ Expertise in essence is performed. The registered IP rights shall be entered into the official register, e.g. in the in the official bulletin of the Patent Office.
Any person.
Procedure: File application — Preliminary Examination — Acceptance + Application laid open for public examination — Request for substantive or modified substantive examination — Substantive examination — Certificate of grant issued — Gazetted
Trade marks:
The proprietor of the trade mark which is used or proposed to be used by him.
Procedure: File application — Amendment in the event of non-compliance — Formality checking to see compliance with statutory requirement (plus amendments if necessary) — Search for prior marks & examination on the registrability — Gazetted for opposition upon acceptance — Certificate of registration issued upon no opposition
Geographical Indication:
A person who is carrying on an activity as a producer in the geographical area specified in the application with respect to the goods specified in the application.
Procedure: File application — Formality examination to see compliance with statutory requirement — Amendment in the event of non-compliance — Advertised for opposition — Registration
Industrial Design:
Any person.
Procedure: File application — Formality & examination to see if definition and requirements are fulfilled — Amendment and file submission to amend if requirements not fulfilled — Novelty search — Certificate of registration issued — Gazetted
Both natural persons and legal entities can apply for patents, trademarks, collective marks, designs, and plant variety right certificates. Applicants may be represented by a qualified representative.
An SPC may only be applied for by the holder of the basic patent protecting the product concerned, or his successor in title.
As designations of origin, geographical indications and traditional speciality guarantees represent a collective interest, only a national group of producers or processors of the product concerned may file an application. Applications are filed either with the Flemish Ministry of Agriculture and Fishing or with the Directorate-General Agriculture of the Walloon Region.
Applications for patents, SPCs, Benelux trademarks and collective marks, Benelux designs, and plant variety right certificates may be filed with OPRI. For Benelux trademarks and designs, OPRI will forward the Benelux application to the BOIP. Benelux trademark or design applications may also be filed directly with the BOIP, which is responsible for their registration. OPRI itself registers Belgian patents, SPCs and plant variety right certificates.
Applicants also have the choice to file their trademark or design application with the European Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) in order to obtain protection in the EU. To obtain registration in the EU for a Community plant variety right, applicants must direct their application to the Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO). Patent applications can also be filed with the European Patent Office (EPO) to obtain registration in several or all European countries which are member to the European Patent Convention. Finally, applications may also be filed on an international basis, pursuant to the relevant international filing system, with the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO).
Registered designs – The legal owner of the rights in the design can file the application with the Registry. If formalities requirements for the application are met, the design should be simultaneously published in the Journal and registered in due course.
Patents – The legal owner of the rights in the invention can file the application. If formalities requirements are met, there will be substantive examination of the application once this has been requested for by the applicant after the publication of the application. Grant of the patent will take place in due course once all requirements have been met.
Plant varieties – The breeder of the plant variety can file the application. If the requirements for the application have been met, the application will be published in the Journal and will be registered in due course unless there are any objections raised by third parties.
Trade marks – The bona fide user or legal owner of the mark can file the application. If formalities requirements of the application are met, substantive examination of the application will take place. Once the application has been approved for registration, it will be published in the Journal and will be registered in due course unless there are any objections raised by third parties.
Registered IPR may be filed by individuals or legal entities, with or without a representative.
Concerning national trademarks (IPC art. L.712-14), patents (IPC art. L.612-23), semiconductors (IPC art. L.622-4) and designs (IPC art. L.512-1), the application for registration is made before the French Office by filling a paper or an online form.
If the protection is also required outside France, the applicant may file an application:
- before the Word Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to obtain registered rights on an international basis;
- before the EUIPO or the European Patent Office, to obtain registered rights throughout Europe.
For geographical indications (IPC art. L721-3), the applicant must file a paper application form and send it to the National Institute of Origin and Quality (Institut de National de l'Origine et de la Qualité "INAO").
For plant varieties certifications (IPC art. L.412-1), the applicant must file a paper application form and send it to the French institution for plant varieties certifications (Instance Nationale des Obtentions Végétales "INOV").
R: Both individuals and companies may apply for registration of IP rights. The procedure of registration is not exactly the same for all IP rights but there are some "common" steps: i) submission of the application; ii) publication in the IP Bulletin; iii) possible oppositions phase; iv) studies phase; v) decision.
As per Indian patent law, the following persons are entitled to apply for patent:
- Any person claiming to be the true and first inventor of the invention;
- Any person claiming to be the assignee of the person claiming to be the true and first inventor in respect of the right to make such an application
- The legal representative of any deceased person who immediately before his death was entitled to make such an application
The Applicant may file a provisional application followed by a complete specification, filed within a period of one year from the date of filing of the provisional application; or the Applicant may file the application with the complete specification before the Indian Patent Office along with other relevant documents and prescribed fee.
In case of Convention or National phase applications, only complete specification is filed along with other relevant documents and prescribed fee.
An application is automatically published after expiry of 18 months from the filing date.
Examination on an application only commences once a formal request for the same is filed. The Applicant is given a time period of 48 months from the priority date to request for examination which is a non-extendible deadline.
Once the request for examination is filed, the application is examined by the Patent Office and thereafter an examination report is issued. The Applicant is required to meet all the objections raised in the report within 6 months from the date of issuance of the report (extendable upto three months). The Patent Office then examines the response and issues a hearing notice if any objections remain outstanding or else grant the patent in favour of the Applicant.
If a hearing is issued, an applicant is required to appear before the Controller on the said date or he can seek an adjournment in the matter 3 days before the date of hearing. Maximum 2 adjournment can be sought in a matter and one adjournment extends the hearing date by one month.
At the hearing various objections raised in the hearing notice are addressed and a time period of 15 days is given to file a reply to hearing notice.
Once a reply is filed to the hearing notice, the application proceeds for grant or is refused as per the discretion of the Controller.
Trade marks:
Any person claiming to be the proprietor of the trade mark can apply for registration, on the basis of prior use, or on a proposed to be used basis.
Registration Procedure:
For getting a mark registered with the Trade Marks Registry in India, the first step is to search the Registry database for any identical or similar mark. However, it is not mandatory procedure for filing of the trademark application.
If it appears that no identical or similar mark is present in the Register, one can apply for registration of the trade mark
Within 6-9 months of filing an application for registration of trade mark, an examination report is issued by the Trade Marks Registry pointing out the objections raised to the registration of trade mark.
A reply to these objections need to filed within 1 month from the receipt of the examination report.
After considering the application if the Registrar is satisfied that the trade mark can be registered, he publishes the trade mark in the Journal. Alternatively, a hearing is fixed in the matter and if the mark is allowed at the hearing, it is published in the Journal. Such hearings (oral proceedings) are very common in the IPO practice.
The trade mark proceeds for registration if no opposition is filed within 4 months from the date when journal was made available to public.
An application for registration can be filed by the author, or rights owner or assignee or legal heir. An author as defined by the Indian Copyright Act means:
- in relation to a literary or dramatic work, the author of the work;
- in relation to a musical work, the composer;
- in relation to an artistic work other that a photograph, the artist;
- in relation to a photograph, the person taking the photograph;
- in relation to a cinematograph or sound sound recording, the producer; and,
- in relation to any literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work which is computer generated, the person who causes the work to be created.
Registration Procedure:
- The application with complete details and copies of the work is to be filed.
- The application is examined and objections, if any, are raised, or any extra documents required are requested.
- A response has to be filed within 30 days; if the response is not filed within the stipulated time, the application is deemed to be abandoned.
- Then the application is re-examined by the Registry; where it is either accepted or rejected.
- Thereafter, on acceptance, a certificate is issued by the copyright office after the objections, if any, are removed to the satisfaction of the Copyright Registry.
Any person claiming to be the proprietor of any new or original design may apply for registration. A proprietor may be from India or from a Convention country.
A proprietor may be:
- An author of design
- A person who has acquired the design
- A person for whom the design has been developed by the author
- A person on whom the design has devolved
An Application with different views of an article such as FRONT, BACK, TOP, BOTTOM, LEFT, RIGHT and PERSPECTIVE is filed at the Designs registry along with an appropriate class.
India is not a signatory to the Locarno Agreement though its classification system is modelled on the Locarno Classification system.
Multiple embodiments of a design or multiple designs in a single application are not allowed. Separate applications for each distinct embodiment or design should be filed simultaneously or, in any event, before expiry of the priority deadline. Figures can be submitted in the form of line drawings, computer graphics or photographs, and should contain no descriptive matter, reference numerals/letters or trademarks. Dotted or discrete lines or any shading in the linedrawings is usually not allowed.
The examination process is substantive. Within 1-2 months of filing an application for registration of design, an examination report is issued by the Designs Registry pointing out the objections raised to the registration of Design.
A design application must be placed in order for acceptance within six months of the filing date. Thus, if the applicant is unable to reply to the examination report within this period, it can file a formal request for an extension (of up to three months) at the Designs Office, along with the prescribed official fees.
Registration and publication:
Once the objections are complied with the design will be registered and a copy of the design will be published in the Patent Office Journal.
Geographical indications (GI):
An association of persons or producers or any organization or authority that represent the interest of producers of the concerned goods, and are expected to file an affidavit indicating how the applicant claims to represent their interest.
Registration procedure:
The application for registration of GI should contain a statement as to how the GI serves to designate the goods as originating from the concerned territory, in respect of specific quality, reputation or other characteristics of which are due exclusively or essentially to the geographical environment, with its inherent natural and human factors, and the production, processing or preparation of which takes place in such territory, region or locality. It should also include the class of goods to which the geographical indication shall apply, the geographical map of the territory in which the goods originate or are being manufactured, the particulars regarding the appearance of the geographical indication (as to whether it is comprised of words or figurative elements or both) and any statement containing particulars of the producers of the concerned goods.
After the application has been filed, the examiner reviews the application and the accompanying statement of case. Thereafter, the Registrar issues an examination report. Depending on the merits of the application and of any evidence of use, the Registrar may accept or reject the application either absolutely or subject to certain modifications. The Applicant is required to respond to the rejection or objections within two months of the receipt of the examination report failing which the application will be dismissed. After the acceptance of the application by the Registrar, either absolutely or subject to certain conditions and with or without a hearing being conducted, the application will be published.
Any person may, within three months of the publication of the application to register a geographical indication, file an opposition.
The Registrar of Geographical Indications may register the geographical indication after the application has been accepted and not opposed or if opposed the opposition has been decided in favor of the Applicant. Thereafter the Registrar will issue the Registration Certificate in the prescribed format.
Any natural or legal person may file for registration of the IP rights in section A; such person will be the creator, assignee or beneficiary of the right. The registration procedure varies depending on the type of right. In brief:
- Patents: There is no substantive examination of patents application in Greece. An Examiner reviews the application only on formalities and, in case of deficiencies, these must be remedied within 4 months as from the application. As a next stage, the Examiner issues, at the applicant's choice, either a Search Report or a Reasoned Search Report, which the applicant may comment within 3 months. After such time, or if the applicant waives its right to comment, the patent is granted. The patent, together with the Search Report is published 18 months as from the application.
- Utility models: An Examiner reviews the application only on formalities and, in case of deficiencies, these must be remedied within 4 months as from the application. After such time, the utility model is granted.
- Semi-conductor topographies: An Examiner reviews the application only on formalities and, in case of deficiencies, these must be remedied within 4 months as from the application. After such time, the title is granted.
- Registered designs: An Examiner reviews the application only on formalities and, in case of deficiencies, these must be remedied within 4 months as from the application. After such time, the registered design is granted.
- Plant varieties: An expert committee reviews the application and delivers an opinion to the Minister of Agriculture, who grants the title. However, as already noted, in the absence of the implementing Decree prescribed by the Greek plant varieties law, no national plant varieties grants are available.
- Trade marks: An Examiner reviews the application for absolute and relative grounds of refusal. If the application is accepted, it is advertised on the Greek TM Office's web site, triggering a 3-month opposition deadline. If no opposition is filed or after the final rejection of such opposition, the trade mark is registered.
- Copyright: There is no registration procedure for copyright.
Patents (including utility model rights)
In principle, an inventor, or someone who was assigned the right to obtain a patent from the inventor, can apply for registration. To obtain a patent, an applicant needs to make a request for examination with the JPO within 3 years from the filing date.
Registered Trademarks
A person who conducts, or is planning to conduct, business in connection with the designated goods or services can apply for registration.
Design rights
A person who creates a design that is industrially applicable, or someone who was assigned the right to obtain a patent from such person, can apply for registration.
IP right
Who can apply for registration?
What is the procedure for registration?
Inventor or assignee(s)
Application's filing; formal examination; first
Utility models
Industrial designs
Integrated circuits
IP right
Who can apply for registration?
What is the procedure for registration?
Any natural person or corporation
Application's filing; first publication; opposition (if
Trade names
Appellations of Origin
Mexican Patent and Trademark Office or any person with
Application's filing; formal and in-depth examination;
Copyright and other rights
IP right
Who can apply for registration?
What is the procedure for registration?
Reservation of rights
Any natural person or corporation
Application's filing; formal and substantive examination;
Plant varieties
Inventor or assignee(s)
Application's filing; formal and in-depth examination,
Domestic and foreign companies and/or individuals can apply to register rights. Applicants should file patent applications to the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO).
Applications for plant variety rights are filed with the State Forestry Bureau or the Ministry of Agriculture.
Trademark applications should be made to the CTMO.
If a party elects to record their copyright works in China, an application should be made to the China Copyright Office.
United Kingdom
Who may apply?
- The first owner in the relevant invention or design, or their successor in title, can apply to register a patent or design.
- The proprietor(s) of a patent can apply for an SPC (it is not required that the marketing authorisation also be in the patent proprietor's name).
- For registered trade marks, the applicant should be the individual or legal entity seeking registration of the mark.
- For plant variety rights, the person entitled to the grant of plant breeders' rights in respect of a variety is the person who breeds it, or discovers and develops it, or his successor in title.
In each case, the application may be filed by an appropriately qualified representative. It is possible for an applicant for a trade mark to file their own trade mark application, without the involvement of an IP professional. However, it is usually advisable to use an IP professional to undertake searches and give advice as to whether the mark is likely to be registrable, and to liaise with the examiner to address any objections or concerns that are raised.
Where is the application filed?
For a UK patent, an SPC covering the UK, a UK registered trade mark, or a UK registered design, the application may filed with the UK Intellectual Property Office (UKIPO). Alternatively, a UK patent or a UK registered trade mark may be sought pursuant to the relevant international system, by filing an application at the World Intellectual Property Office (WIPO).
For a European patent designating the UK (effectively this is a UK patent, which was originally filed as a European application), an application is made to the European Patent Office. Alternatively, as mentioned above, a European patent designating the UK may be sought pursuant to the international system (governed by the Patent Cooperation Treaty) by filing an application at WIPO.
For an EU registered trade mark or EU (Community) registered design, the application is filed at the EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO). An EU registered trade mark may also be sought by filing an application at WIPO.
For a UK plant variety right, the application is made to the UK Plant Variety Rights Office. For a Community Plant Variety Right, the application is made to the Community Plant Variety Office.
Details of the procedures for registration differ between the rights, with applications for a patent generally given the most substantive scrutiny.
South Africa
An application for a patent in respect of an invention may be made by the inventor or by any other person acquiring from the inventor the right to apply (i.e. an assignee), or by both such inventor and such other person. A patent application may also be filed in the name of an assignee (e.g. a natural person or a company), who has obtained a written assignment of the invention from the inventor. In the absence of an agreement to the contrary, joint inventors or joint applicants may apply for a patent in equal undivided shares. A person who is not an inventor but who is a co-applicant with the inventor must nonetheless obtain assignment of rights from the inventor to enable that person to apply as a co-applicant with the inventor.
After filing of the patent application it is formally examined by the Patent Office. If all the formal requirements of the Patents Act and Regulations have been complied with, the Registrar 'accepts' the complete specification. The Registrar issues a written notice which gives the date of acceptance of the specification and which contains a statement that on publication of the acceptance in the Patent Journal, the patent concerned shall be deemed to have been sealed and granted as from the date of publication. The acceptance is then advertised in the Patent Journal. The application documents (which have been kept secret by the Patent Office up to this stage) then become open to public inspection. Except under exceptional circumstances, the patent may only be enforced against others 9 months after grant.
The Regulations of the Designs Act provide that, only the proprietor of a design may apply for the registration of the design, the proprietor being:-
- the author of the design;
- where the author of the design executes the work for another person, the other person for whom the work is so executed;
- where a person, or his employee acting in the course of his employment, makes a design for another person in terms of an agreement, such other person; or
- where the ownership in the design has passed to any other person, such other person.
After filing, the design application is formally examined by the Designs Office. If all the formal requirements of the Designs Act and Regulations have been complied with, the Registrar issues a notice of registration which gives the date of registration of the design and which contains a statement that the design is deemed to have been registered as from the effective date of the design application. The registration is then advertised in the official journal. The application documents (which have been kept secret by the Designs Office up to this stage), then become open to public inspection.
Plant Breeders' Rights
The breeder. An application may only be made by a person who –
- is a citizen of, or is domiciled in, the Republic of South Africa or a convention country (i.e. a UPOV member country) or an agreement country (the USA is the only agreement country); or
- in the case of a juristic person, has a registered office in the Republic of South Africa or a convention country or an agreement country.
An application is filed with the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, accompanied by an application form, a technical questionnaire, a power of attorney (if filing is through an agent), an assignment if applicable and proof of payment of the official fees. For ornamental varieties, two colour photographs must be submitted. Plant material must be submitted for evaluation of the variety. Evaluation can be over one or several growing seasons, whereafter a plant breeders' right is granted if the variety complies with the requirements of the Act.
Trade Marks
Any person who has a bona fide intention to use a trade mark in relation to goods or services for the purpose of distinguishing those goods or services from the same goods or services connected in the course of trade with any other person is entitled to apply for the registration of such a mark.
Once an application is placed on file, it will undergo examination by the Trade Marks Office to determine inherent registrability as well as possible conflict with prior registrations or applications. It takes the Registrar approximately nine to twelve months to respond to a new application. After examination, the Trade Marks Office will either accept, preliminarily refuse or indicate the conditions subject to which the application may be accepted. Once accepted, the application is advertised in the Patent Journal. In the absence of objections by third parties within three months of the advertisement date, the application will proceed to grant and a certificate of registration will be issued.
An application for a certification trade mark will follow the same procedure set out above, but must be accompanied by an affidavit confirming that the applicant does not trade in the goods or services covered by the application. The rules governing the use of the trade mark should also be submitted. The rules should specify the conditions for use of the mark and the circumstances in which the proprietor may certify the goods or services.
An application for a collective trade mark must be accompanied by the rules governing the use of such mark. The rules shall specify the persons authorised to use the mark, the conditions of membership of the association and the conditions of use of the mark.
Trade Marks
UAE or foreign nationals or UAE or foreign companies, who carry on business, and public legal persons. However trade marks can be refused where it is owned by "natural or legal persons with whom it is forbidden to deal".
PoA required at time of filing. Application will be examined for inherent and relative grounds within 6 months of filing. If accepted, it will be published for opposition purposes in 2 newspapers and the official gazette; if no oppositions are filed the trade mark will be registered.
Patents (UAE national filing)
The inventor or his successor in title
Supporting documents can be filed within 90 days of the application being filed. The application will be examined, usually within 3 years of filing. If no objections are raised, it will be processed through to publication and grant. Annuity fees must be paid each year to maintain the application/granted patent.
Patents (GCC patent filing)
The inventor or his successor in title
Supporting documents can be filed within 90 days of the application being filed. The application will be examined, usually within 18-24 months of filing. If no objections are raised, it will be processed through to publication and grant. Annuity fees must be paid each year to maintain the application/granted patent.
Utility certificates
The inventor or his successor in title
Supporting documents can be filed within 90 days of the application being lodged. The application will not undergo a substantive examination, but it will still take around 5 years from filing. It will be processed through to publication and grant. Annuity fees must be paid each year to maintain the application/granted utility model.
Copyright & neighbouring rights
The author or his successor in title
The recordal of copyright is relatively straightforward taking up to a month to complete. The difficulties usually relate to the ability to put in place the required supporting documents for the recordal.
The inventor or the assignee may file for a patent to protect his work. The procedure for registration involves the filing of the application, accordance of the filing date, formality examination, classification and search, publication of the application, substantive examination, grant of the patent, publication of said grant, and issuance of the certificate.
As regards utility models, industrial designs, and layouts of integrated circuits, the procedure involves the filing of the application, accordance of the filing date, formality examination, classification, grant of the registration, and publication of said registration. The designer/creator or the assignee may file the application for registration of the foregoing intellectual property rights.
The applicant for a trademark may be a natural or juridical person. The procedure involves the filing of an application, search and examination, issuance of registrability report, response, recommendation for allowance, publication of such allowance, issuance of the certificate of registration.
While copyright subsists and is protected from the moment of creation, the author or creator of the work, his heirs, or assignees, may also apply for a certificate of copyright registration and deposit. The application may be filed directly with the National Library of the Philippines ("National Library") or with the Philippine Intellectual Property Office ("IPO") as the receiving office, the latter being deputized by the National Library as such. In applying for copyright registration and deposit, the applicant or his local authorized agent (if the applicant is non-resident foreigner) must submit the following:
- Duly accomplished application form. The application form must be notarized and accomplished in duplicate;
- Two (2) copies of the work as deposit;
- Technical description of the design, if the work applied for registration is an original ornamental design;
- Two (2) printed copies with copyright notice printed in front or at the back of the title page if it is a book and on any clear space thereof if non-book material, if the work applied for registration is published work;
- Two (2) manuscript and/or photocopies of the work without the copyright notice shall accompany the application, if the work applied for registration is unpublished work;
- A special power of attorney in favor of the local agent appointing the latter to complete the copyright application on behalf of the applicant, if the applicant is a non-resident foreigner;
- A document supporting the claim such as a deed of assignment or a waiver of copyright ownership, if the claimant is not the author; and
- A photocopy of the certificate of business name, if the applicant is a proprietor or a corporation
United States
(a) Patents
The inventor(s) or their legal respresentative, or a person or entity to whom the inventor has assigned or is under an obligation to assign the invention, may apply for a patent, with certain exceptions.
(b) Trademarks
An entity that is using the mark in interstate or international commerce, or has a bona fide intent to do so, may apply for registration of a mark in the U.S. Under certain international agreements, owners of a foreign trademark application, a foreign trademark registration, including international applications and registrations, may seek registration for the same mark in the U.S.
(c) Copyright
The author or the author's heirs or assignees can seek registration of a copyright, and otherwise own the rights provided for by common law to a work of authorship.
All of these intellectual property rights, except for plant variety rights, are to be applied for at the GERMAN PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS OFFICE. The plant variety rights must be applied for at the German Federal Plant Variety Office.
a) Patents, utility models, semiconductor topography rights
The GERMAN PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS OFFICE does not examine whether the applicant holds the material (monetary) rights to the invention and therefore generally anyone who can provide the necessary information and documents can apply for a patent, utility model or semiconductor topography right.
In order to avoid the substantive examination of the patent/utility model application being delayed due to the need to establish the identity of the inventor, the applicant shall be deemed, in the proceedings before the GERMAN PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS OFFICE, to be entitled to request the grant of the patent, Section 7 Patent Act, Section 13(3) Utility Model Act.
b) Trademarks and registered designs
In general it is the same for trade marks and designs. However, collective trademarks can only be applied for by incorporated associations.
c) Plant variety rights
The German Federal Plant Variety Office also does not examine whether the applicant is entitled to apply for the plant variety.
e) Procedure for registration
By filing the application documents and paying the application fee the applicant secures the date relevant for the priority of the application. The German Patents and Trademarks Office / the German Federal Plant Variety Office then examine the application to a different extent depending on the respective IP right. If the application complies with the legal requirements and if there is no obstacle to registration, the German Patents and Trademarks Office / the German Federal Plant Variety Office enter the IP right in the respective register. The registration is published in the respective journal. The owner receives a certificate of registration.
In principle any natural or legal person can apply for registration with the exceptions for POA/ PGI and .swiss-domains as set out below.
For obtaining a Swiss patent registration the applicant must file a request for a patent together with the required technical documents. The Intellectual Property Institute then formally examines the application and if all conditions are met, the application is published after 18 months. This is followed by the substantive examination during which the Institute's patent experts examine whether the legal requirements are met. Depending on the outcome of the examination, the patent is granted or rejected. If granted, the legal status of the patent (such as whether it is in force or has been cancelled) is entered in the patent register.
A supplementary protection certificate can only be filed for a patented and authorised pharmaceutical product or pesticide. The filing request must be submitted within 6 months either of obtaining the first market authorisation or of the confirmation of the patent grant.
As for trademarks, the applicant needs to provide the minimum information required, i.e. specify the trademark, name and address of the owner, list of goods and services, and pay the application fee. The Intellectual Property Institute will then examine the application and notify the applicant about formal deficiencies of the application or material objections to the registration (such as non-compliant list of goods and services, descriptiveness or misleading nature of the chosen mark). The applicant can file a counterstatement on such issues before the Intellectual Property Institute proceeds with an official decision on the admissibility/inadmissibility of the registration.
For obtaining a POA or PGI the applicant must either file with the Federal Office for Agriculture (for POA and PGI for agricultural products) or the Intellectual Property Institute (for POA and PGI not related to agricultural products). An application for a POA or PGI can only be submitted by a representative group of producers concerned and must include a product specification that defines the product and its method of production. The Federal Office and the Institute will then examine the application and notify the applicants in case of any deficiencies in order for the applicants to either remedy the deficiencies or file a counterstatement.
For obtaining a plant variety registration, the applicant must file the specific plant variety registration form provided by the Federal Office of Agriculture (available in English via https://www.blw.admin.ch/blw/en/home/nachhaltige-produktion/pflanzliche-produktion/saat--und-pflanzgut.html). The Federal Office will then examine the application and notify the applicant in case of any deficiencies in order for the applicant to either remedy the deficiencies or file a counterstatement.
For obtaining a design registration the needs to provide the minimum information required, i.e. specify the design by means of pictures or photographs, give the name and address of the owner, a classification of the goods, and pay the application fee. Providing a design description is optional.
For obtaining a topography registration the applicant must submit a request with a detailed description of the topography to be protected and its scope of use. Also, the applicant must show that the topography in question falls within the scope of the Swiss Topography Act. The Swiss Topography Act only applies to i) topographies of Swiss manufacturers and manufacturers whose habitual residence or business domicile is in Switzerland; ii) topographies that were first distributed in Switzerland; or iii) topographies protected in Switzerland through international treaties.
As for .swiss-domains, their registration is reserved exclusively for companies with sufficient link to Switzerland, i.e. a public body or organization under Swiss public law, a legal entity registered in the Swiss Commercial Register having its seat in Switzerland and an effective site of administration in Switzerland, or an association or foundation not registered in the Swiss Commercial Register having its seat and an effective site of administration in Switzerland.
As regards inventions and utility models, and semiconductor topographies an application may be filed by an employer, inventor (author), or their legal successors. After examination of formalities utility model is granted and a topography of integrated circuits is registered. Patent for invention is granted after examination of formalities and substantive examination.
As regards trademarks any natural person or legal entity may apply for trademark registration. The trademark is registered after formal examination and substantive examination. Oppositions are available only during examination.
As regards industrial design an application may be filed by an employer, inventor (author), or their legal successors. After examination of formalities a design is registered.
As regards copyright an author or his employer (or their legal successors) can apply for copyright registration. The procedure of copyright registration includes filing the application documents and recordation of the copyright, provided that formal requirements to the application documents, are met.
As regards plant variety an author and its employer (or their legal successors) can apply for its registration. The procedure of plant variety registration includes filing of application to the relevant authorities, formal examination and substantial examination of application including examination as to the name of variety and examination as to dissemination of a variety.
As regards designations of origin and geographical indications the following persons can apply for their state registration:
- a person or a group of persons that in the claimed geographical place manufacture goods, the particular properties, certain qualities, reputation or other characteristics of which are related to that geographical place;
- the consumer associations;
- the institutions being directly related to production or investigation of relevant products, articles, technological processes or geographical places.
The right to use the registered appellation of origin of goods or the registered geographical indication of origin of goods is vested, subject to the registration of that right, in manufacturers which at the geographical place designated in the Register produce goods, the particular properties, certain qualities or other characteristics of which correspond with those included in the Register.
In case the applicant is non-resident of Ukraine, applications for registration of inventions, utility models, industrial designs, trademarks, integrated circuits, geographical indications, should be filed through Ukrainian trademark / patent attorney.
The procedure of a trade name state registration is not provided in Ukraine. The state registration of a company may be considered as the first use of a trade name by its owner.
Real or legal persons who are domiciled in Turkey or engage in commercial activities in Turkey and those who are entitled to make an application in Turkey based on the relevant international agreements. The trademark registration procedure consists of application, formal analysis, review of the application in terms of definite grounds for refusal and publication of the same, assessment of the opinions and objections of third parties and registration of the application.
Patent registration procedure, on the other hand, consists of application, formal analysis, issuance of research report, announcement in the Bulletin, review phase and issuance of an investigation report, and registration processes. Registration of design rights consists of application, formal analysis, entry into the registration and announcement in the Bulletin, assessment of the objections of third parties and registration processes.
Registration of geographical indications and traditional product names consists of application, formal analysis, and announcement in the Bulletin, assessment of the objections of third parties and registration processes.
(a) Patent
The inventor, or the person(s) to whom the inventor's rights have succeeded is/are entitled to apply for a patent registration. Legal entities may not be inventors but can indeed apply for patent regarding an invention to which it has acquired the rights. In accordance with the Patent Decree (SFS 1967:838), Swedish patent applications shall be filed at the PRO. International patent applications designating Sweden shall be filed with the public authority or international organisation authorised as a receiving office according to the Patent Cooperation Treaty and its regulations. Application forms are provided electronically at the PRO's website. An application shall be made in writing and may be submitted electronically or physically. The application shall include information about the applicant(s), the inventor(s), a factual designation of the invention applied for etc.
Where an application is complete and there are no obstacles to grant a patent, the patent authority shall notify the applicant that a patent can be granted. Within two months of the date of notification, the applicant shall pay a fixed grant fee and, if the patent claims are written in English, shall submit a Swedish translation of the patent claims. In the event this does not occur, the application shall be dismissed. When the applicant has fulfilled its duties in accordance herewith, and there is still no obstacle to the patent, the patent authority shall grant the application. The decision shall be published and the patent is granted. A granted patent shall be recorded in the patent register maintained by the patent authority and patent letters shall be issued. Once the patent has been granted, the claims may not be amended so as to expand the scope of the patent protection.
(b) Right to Trademarks
Both natural and legal persons may apply for a registration of a Trademark. The applicant shall further provide a list showing the class(es) to which the goods and/or services belong. This classification provides the basis for and defines the scope of an exclusive right. The applicant shall also, where deemed necessary by the PRO, describe the mark in writing and state its distinguishing characteristics. Further, where an application for registration refers to the form or design of a product or its packaging, the applicant shall, when deemed necessary by the PRO, submit a sample of the product or packaging for storage at the PRO's office.
The application shall contain: information regarding the applicant's name or company name and address; information regarding any representative's name and address; a clear reproduction of the trademark; and a list of the goods or services to which the trademark pertains and the classes to which they belong. An application for registration of a collective mark, confirmation mark, or certification mark shall also contain information regarding the prerequisites which apply to permissible use of the trademark.
Application forms are provided electronically at the PRO's website.
(c) Right to Trade Names
The Trade Name is registered in connection with registration of the company at the SCRO. The application, which needs submitted in original to the SCRO shall be signed by a company representative authorised to sign on behalf of the company. Subject to an additional fee of approximately SEK 1,400 the applicant may have the proposed Trade Name(s) preliminary reviewed by the SCRO.
Application forms are provided electronically at the SCRO's website.
(d) Design Protection
The Designer or the Designer's successor may apply for a registered Design. The application shall be made in writing and submitted at the PRO. The application shall contain information regarding who created the design and about the product or products to which the design is intended to be applied or in which it is intended to be incorporated, and pictorial material showing the design. If registration is sought by a person other than the designer, the applicant shall prove his or her right to the design. If the application documents are complete and the PRO has not found any obstacle to the registration after examination the Design protection shall be granted and a notice to that effect be published.
Application forms are provided electronically at the PRO's website.
(e) Plant Variety Rights
Any person or representative for a person who has produced or discovered a plant variety or that person's successor may acquire an exclusive right to the variety through registration of the plant variety at the Swedish Board of Agriculture (the 'SBAC'). Approval of the registration means that the variety should be admitted to the Swedish list of varieties or admitted to the EC common catalogues of varieties of agricultural plants or vegetable plants or fruit plants. For a variety to be approved and admitted to the Swedish national list of varieties, it must be technically examined for at least two years in cultivation, evaluating the variety's distinctness, uniformity and stability (the 'DUS-test'). A variety of an agricultural species then has its value for cultivation and use tested for at least 2 years in the cultivation and use test (VCU test) executed by the Swedish College for Agriculture. The uniqueness of a denomination or name for the variety is checked in the Swedish Community Plant Variety Office's database of variety denominations.
Application forms are provided electronically at the SBAC's website.
All natural and legal persons can apply for a patent or for a Utility Model (also public administrations).
Procedure for registration
In order to have a patent granted in Spain, there are three different options:
- Via national application. (application is drawn according to the Spanish Patent Act).
- Via European application (through the European Patent Convention, being Spain a party to the Treaty since 1986.
- Via PCT application (being Spain a party to the Treaty since 1989).
For the purpose of obtaining a filing date, a patent application should contain a request to grant a patent (including data of the applicant, description, claims, abstract of the invention and drawings) and the confirmation of the official fee payment.
Further to the filing of the application, the SPTO undertakes out a formal ex officio examination. A Report on the State of the Art is prepared and published, and the applicant can modify the terms of the application. The SPTO will examine the patent application on the merits (utility models are not examined on the merits).
The granting of the application opens a six-month period for third parties´ possible oppositions.
- Spanish natural or legal persons.
- natural or legal persons who are habitually resident or have an effective and serious industrial or commercial establishment in Spain or who enjoy the benefits of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of March 20, 1883 (in accordance with the provisions of the Act in force in Spain).
- natural or legal persons of countries members of The World Trade Organization.
- foreign natural or legal persons of other countries, provided that the legislation of their home state recognized the right of Spanish natural or legal persons to register trademarks in such country (mutual recognition principle).
Procedure for registration:
Further to the filing of the application the Spanish Patents and Trademark Office (SPTO) carries out a formal ex officio examination.
In the case that, the trademark application complies with the corresponding necessary formalities the application is published.
The publication of the application opens a period of two months for third parties´ possible oppositions followed by a substantive examination by the Spanish Trademark office.
For the case that there have been third parties oppositions or that the SPTO considers that the trademark application may incur in any prohibition, the trademark application is suspended and the applicant is given one month to plead, after which the SPTO issues the corresponding decision on the application.
The interested parties may submit to arbitration the disputed issues arising during the procedure for the registration of a mark.
The arbitration may only deal with the relative grounds for refusal. In no case may questions be submitted to arbitration regarding the occurrence or not of formal defects or absolute grounds for refusal.
- Spanish natural or legal persons.
- Natural or legal persons who are habitually resident or have an effective and serious industrial or commercial establishment in Spain or who enjoy the benefits of the Paris Convention for the protection of Industrial Property of March 20, 1883, (in accordance with the provisions of the Act in force in Spain).
- Nationals of the Member States of the Organization World Trade Organization.
- Foreign natural or legal persons of other countries, provided that in the State of which they are nationals, Spanish natural or legal persons are allowed to register their designs in such country (mutual recognition principle).
Procedure for registration:
Once the application for design registration has been received, the SPTO will examine ex officio whether the object of the application constitutes a design in a legal sense and if it is not contrary to public order or morality.
The SPTO shall also examine ex officio whether the application presents a defect not received in previous procedures which makes it impossible to publish the design, classify the products to which it is to be applied or, where appropriate, revise the classification made by the applicant and verify whether the products applied for in multiple applications are integrated in the same class of the International Classification.
If the SPTO´s ex officio examination reveals that the application is subject to any of the grounds for refusal, the registration procedure will be suspended and will be communicated to the interested party so that within a period of one month present its allegations, eliminate the element causing the repair or request the change of modality.
Once the period to reply to the suspension of the registration procedure finished (irrespectively of whether the applicant has answered, or not), the SPTO shall decide on the application:
- granting the design registration in whole or in part;
- refusing the design registration; or
- having all or part of the application as withdrawn.
The resolution of concession, total or partial, will be registered in the Designs Registry and published.
The deadline for the presentation of objections will be two months, counted from the date on which the publication of the registered design takes place.
At the end of the deadline for submitting objections, the opposition writs and evidence submitted shall be transferred to the registered design owner who will then have two months to submit claims and, where appropriate, to modify the design.
Once the reply to the oppositions has been received, or after the deadline for doing so, the SPTO shall issue a reasoned decision, estimating, in whole or in part, or rejecting the oppositions filed.
The Designs Registry shall record the filing of the oppositions and the identity of the opponents, as well as their estimation or rejection.
The interested parties may submit to arbitration the disputed issues arising during the opposition proceedings.
The arbitration may only refer to the following reasons for opposition:
- That the registered design is incompatible with a design protected in Spain by virtue of a request or registration with a prior date of presentation or priority, but which has only been made accessible to the public after the date of presentation or priority of the later design.
- That the registered design incorporates a trademark or other distinctive sign previously protected in Spain whose owner is entitled, by virtue of such protection, to prohibit the use of the sign in the registered design.
- That the registered design implies an unauthorized use of a work protected in Spain by copyright.
To register a work, the author needs to submit a completed application form and to pay an official fee, that generates a public record kept by the Copyright Office ("Registro de la Propiedad Intelectual"). The Registry assigns a filing date, and does not examine the artistic merit (originality) of the deposited work, nor authorship.
Any inventor or owner of an invention may file a patent application. The procedure for registration requires filing an application and paying the subsequent fees. Israel is a Paris Convention country; thus, an applicant can enjoy the right of priority from an earlier application filed in a Convention country within the prior 12 months. Alternatively, the application may be filed as a National Phase from a PCT Application.
One who has a new and original design must submit an application form and drawings describing the protected design, a fee receipt, and a letter stating that the application is a new application for the sample. An examination of the examination reports will be required at the relevant time. The examination is a substantive examination.
Any type of legal entity can register a trademark in Israel, including individuals.
Once filed, a trademark application is examined within approximately 15 to 18 months. Under certain conditions, and provided an affidavit is submitted and the official fee is paid, the examination may be accelerated. Once an office action is issued, the response must be filed within three months. This deadline may be extended by up to eight months, while the examination of the application must be finalized within two years of the first office action. Both absolute and relative grounds apply in the examination or trademarks. Once accepted, the mark is published in the Trademarks Gazette for a period of three months. If no oppositions are filed, the mark is registered shortly thereafter.
A patent may be applied for in the author's own name, by the heirs or successors of the author, by the assign or by whomever the law or the employment or services contract states to be the owner. The same is valid for Industrial Designs.
As for trademarks, Natural or legal persons under public or private law may apply for the registration of a mark. Persons under private law may only apply for registration of a mark that relates to the activity in with they actually and lawfully engage, either directly or through companies they directly or indirectly control, declaring that condition on the application itself, under the penalties of law. Registration of a collective mark may be applied for by a legal person that represents the collectivity, which may engage in an activity other than that pursued by its members. Registration of a certification mark may only be applied for by a person who has no direct commercial or industrial interest in the product or service being certified.
Regarding Geographical Indications, if only one producer or provider is legitimized to use the geographical name, this person shall be authorized to apply for the Geographical Indication in its own name. If that is not the case, associations, institutes, legal persons that represent the collectivity legitimized to use exclusively a registered Geographical Indication, as substitutes.
Regarding Integrated Circuit Topography, natural and legal persons, public of private, may request apply for their registration.
As for cultivars, protection may be applied for by a natural or legal person who has bred a plant variety, by his heirs or successors or by assignees, if any, subject to submission of the proper authority.
Procedure for registration
Concerning trademarks, patents and Certificates of Addition and industrial designs, the filing of application is made before the Brazilian Office by filling a paper or an online form and paying the respective official fees.
Geographical Indications and Integrated Circuit Topographies are registered before the Brazilian Office by filing a paper application and sending it to the BPTO via postal, whereas if the applicant of a software decides to register it before the BPTO, the application is exclusively online.
Plant varieties are registered before the SNPC.
It is important to note that the BPTO will conduct substantial examination of all those IP rights, except for industrial design applications. Both titleholders or third-parties may request originality and novelty analysis of Industrial Design Applications after it is granted. Integrated Circuit Topography applications are also examined only in its formal aspects.


text:
SAKHA REPUBLIC – When I mentioned that I was vacationing in Siberia, inevitably the first question from others was "why?"
"Because I haven't been there," I'd respond. But, why not? Siberia's more than 5 million square miles covers 10 percent of the world's land mass, and 77 percent of Russia's, and it holds a strange romanticism about survival in the most remote, cold and sparsely populated landscapes in North Asia.
I spent 14 days in late August in Yakutia (the Sakha Republic), nearly all of it on and along the Lena River, which stretches more than 2,700 miles from its headwaters in the Baikal Mountains to its delta at the Laptev Sea of the Arctic Ocean. We joined it at Yakutsk, the largest city and the capital of the Sakha Republic, and traveled more than 1,000 miles north to Tiksi aboard the Mikhail Svetlov.
Still, I sampled only a sliver of the Siberian landscape and culture. Indeed, many maps of Siberia cut off about where the cruise started. There's not much detail to show to the north – scattered fishing and reindeer herding villages and the vast taiga and tundra, snow-covered seven months of the year. The famed Trans-Siberian Railway and resort areas on Lake Baikal are far south.
Yakutia, covering three time-zones and home to about 1 million people, is perhaps most widely known for being the coldest place on Earth, gulags, diamond mines and the so-called Road of Bones east of Yakutsk.
There is one daily, seven-hour overnight flight from Domodedovo Moscow Airport to Yakutsk, and one daily return. There are less frequent flights to Yakutsk from China.
En route from Denver, I spent one night in Moscow to break up the travel. My return to the United States was about a 40-hour nonstop ordeal from ship to home in Colorado.
Because of the extended travel, I recommend spending extra days in Yakutsk. Visit Yakutia offers several worthwhile tours in the city and surrounding area. Had I done this, I wouldn't have missed the "Kingdom of Permafrost" Ice Tunnel Complex and the underground lab of the Permafrost Institute.
Getting started in YakutskBack to the cruise. We arrived in Yakutsk at 9:30 a.m. Monday; a van ride to the ship gave us our first look at Yakutsk – lots of dust and multi-story, Stalinist-style apartment buildings. The dock area gave me pause – broken steps, dirt and trash, but we were greeted warmly on board and the ship was fine. The rooms were tiny with fold-down beds and a small wardrobe and bathroom, and a nice-sized window that opened.
This was not a luxury cruise. Pack jeans and sturdy shoes for navigating rocky shores and muddy paths, rain gear and a fleece jacket, hat and gloves for the top-of-the-world outings. And lots of bug repellent and mosquito netting.
Although our booking agent had assured us a city tour was available before the ship sailed, that wasn't the case. Most passengers were in tour groups and had separately arranged things such as a city tour, vodka tasting, tea ceremonies, etc. So, these things were not offered to the independent travelers. (We later were graciously invited to one group's vodka-tasting party, which was fun. In lieu of that, the friendly bartender likely would've helped us create our own tasting.)
Also, some things get lost in translation. The "free program in Yakutsk" on the itinerary meant passengers could arrange their own time in Yakutsk. We met at a stated time for an "English speaking tour of Yakutsk" but learned it was for a specific group, not all English-speaking passengers.
Fortunately, the ship's English translator/guide, Nadia Noeva, offered to take us and another independent traveler into Yakutsk to visit the Mammoth Museum of North-Eastern Federal University and to see some city sights. Nadia, a native, was a wonderful guide, both that day and throughout the cruise.
Towering pillars, merciless mosquitoesWe sailed at 7 p.m., initially heading south about 125 miles to the Lena Pillars Nature Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
The spectacular Cambrian sandstone pillars rise more than 300 feet into the air, formed by the extreme temperature changes in the region – from minus 75 in the winter to 100 degrees in the summer. The park has little development – a circular area with a few stone benches where a traditional greeting ceremony is conducted, a small gift shop and a trail to the top of the pillars.
The crew repeatedly warned that the hike, including dozens of wooden steps, was slippery and dangerous, but it wasn't bad – except for the bugs – and the view was well worth it.
The arctic summer brings an invasion of mosquitoes and midges – the locals say the mosquitoes are worse earlier in the summer and the midges are worse later. Whatever, many people were mercilessly bitten. My nylon jacket, including hood, and bug repellent kept them at bay, a miracle since I'm usually a juicy target. Another bit of local lore – the bugs don't like vanilla scent. Just so happened that the lotion I packed was vanilla scented. I used it liberally.
That evening, Capt. Anatoly Stepanov welcomed passengers with a champagne reception, clinking glasses with each tourist. Travelers were from several countries, including Germany, England, China, Finland, Russia and the U.S. – and all shipboard announcements were made in Russian, English and German. Crew members were friendly, and it was evident that they wanted the 70 passengers to enjoy the meals, entertainment, stops and other programs, including films, lectures, crafts and lessons.
The food at daily breakfast, lunch and dinner buffets was delicious and varied, and featured local cuisine. The meal times, however, were close together, and more than once, I heard a passenger say, "Are we eating again already?" And often there were extras at the "green stops" along the riverbank – such as the captain's fish soup one evening, the schashlyk (barbecue) at another, and at Yakut Culture Evening, the chef prepared stroganina, raw frozen fish that was quickly served as he shaved off thin slices. All served with shots of ice-cold vodka of course. Pace yourself.
Wonderful evening programs included folk music and tales and accomplished opera singers and other musicians from the Yakutsk State Opera and Ballet Theater.
We stopped near the junction of the Lena and Buotama rivers, where we walked inland about 20 minutes to a bison farm. In 2006, Yakutia and Canada began a joint program to reintroduce the wood bison to Yakutia. Canada sent 60 bison to Yakutsk, and the herd, now in two locations, has grown to 170. The herd manager said in August they would begin releasing the bison into the wild within the year.
Top of the worldWe continued north and crossed into the Arctic Circle. We moored in Zhigansk Bay, taking a ferry/barge to shore, where we were greeted by locals and a smoky fire to cleanse us of our troubles (which were quickly being shed on the low-key cruise into nature with little internet access). Here, as in the village of Kyusyur, there was a small museum, a native dance performance, locally-prepared foods and people selling crafts. Much local lore, shared by villagers, crafters and crew members, centers around protection from evil and revering nature.
On the seventh day, we arrived at "end of the earth," the captain said, or the top of the world, as I call it. We docked in Neelovo Bay, where the remnants of a military outpost remain, and no photographs are allowed.
An old bus and a more modern arctic overland vehicle took us to Tiksi and then on to the shore of the Laptev Sea. Tiksi seemed nearly lifeless, a collection of empty buildings in various states of ruin alongside a few inhabited ones, all on stilts because of the permafrost. The industries and military bases of the Soviet era have been largely abandoned. Now, it is inhabited by people who work for the military and government operations, such as a weather station, researchers and the like.
Inside one nondescript building is the Arctic Nature Museum, created by Alexander Gukov, a former professor who moved to Tiksi in 1982. Several rooms are filled with Arctic flora and fauna, displays about Arctic expeditions, geology and other research.
Then we headed back south, and all stops now were green stops, including one with a Polar Circle marker high above the shore. That day we were presented with personalized certificates noting our crossing into the Arctic Circle. A few crew members and passengers fished along the way, primarily for sturgeon. Surprisingly, because of the time of year, one night we got a brief aurora borealis show. After one brief shot of green light, it faded to misty veils of light dancing above us.
Our final stop was at Sottintsy, an open-air museum featuring restored native homes and buildings. That evening, we had a farewell ceremony with a friendship fire on shore before sailing back to Yakutsk beneath a beautiful sunset.
Sue McMillin, a longtime journalist and former city editor at The Durango Herald, is a freelance writer and editor living in Victor, Colorado.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
05 May 2010
Q4U: Climbing Back On the Horse
But the problem is, none of this adds up to actual writing - and I can't seem to make it. I'm tired, worn out by life and all its current woes, and when I pull up the page to write, it just doesn't seem to work.
Image from Stock Xchange
HNOT is staring at me. It only needs another 20k to be complete, which I could totally do in a month - if I could get myself started. I think I'm afraid to ruin the tone I've set up, and scared off by a lot of plot problems pointed out by a beta reader.
Borderlands also stares, as does the temporarily-titled Battersplotch world (this is the one that keeps popping up in dreams). But because HNOT is staring harder, I can't bring myself to start something completely new; too many partially completed drafts.
I have brain freeze, and it's getting seriously annoying.
So, my question for the day to you all is this: After a long break away from writing, how do you get back on the horse again? What do you do to ease yourself back into routine, to convince yourself once more that it does actually matter if you write or not? Any tips for me? Because this is seriously driving me nuts.
Thanks, in advance. You guys are awesome B-)
5 comments:
- Charmaine Clancy said...
I usually procrastinate some more by doing lots of research and plans for writing, but still... no actual writing. I have found that if I just write for 5 minutes before I go to bed, it can be utter rubbish, but it just gets that pen on paper again (or fingers on keyboard), sometimes I think pen and paper is better because the mean part of your brain will try to distract you with pretty webpages if you're online.
You're a great writer, once you get going you'll just fly through it. :-)
- May 5, 2010 at 1:38 PM
- Christine Fonseca said...
OMGosh - you're like my twin on this issue! I am brainstorming with friends - hoping that will bring back some of my fire!
- May 5, 2010 at 3:01 PM
- Inkblot said...
Charm - hmm, I may have to give paper and pen a try, I think. I'd forgotten that that sometimes loosens me up. Thanks :)
Christine - *high five* for twinness :D Let me know if any of your friends have brilliant suggestions!!
- May 5, 2010 at 3:05 PM
- Liana Brooks said...
I get my friends to poke me. Sometimes, I take a month off. I take one day a week off, to recharge. And then I fill my brain with good stuff.
I think that to write, you need to read, and you need to live. For you writing time one week consider trying something new: paint, hike, swim, yoga, read, play with glue and glitter... anything but writing. Give your brain an hour a day to meander. Ignore chores, work, whatever.
Sometimes you need to recharge the imagination before you can write.
- May 6, 2010 at 1:25 AM
- Inkblot said...
I think that's partly true for me right now. I've been having story ideas, but at the same time, words are escaping me right now. Just ask my year 11 students, who I usually have at the end of the day. They have to put up with me constantly tripping over my tongue!!
Reading, though, is something I haven't done in ages. Not fiction, anyway. I had a bath on Tues night (after I'd pre-posted this post) and actually - le gasp - READ for an hour. It was sublime!!
*waves magic wand at schedule to allow for more reading time* :)
- May 6, 2010 at 12:53 PM


text:
December 2015: Cambridge base
The Charity's clinical, operations, and communications teams based at Cambridge move into the new base at Cambridge Airport (Marshalls).
May 2015: LIBOR
EAAA is successful in application for LIBOR funds to secure a second H145 to replace Anglia One in January 2016.
May 2015: Anglia One in darkness
Anglia One's flying hours are extended to cover 07:00 until 19:00.
April 2015: H145
EAAA receive the UK's first H145, improving our operational capabilities. The EC135 T2 is moved to Norwich to replace Anglia One.
May 2013: The hours of darkness
EAAA is the first air ambulance service in the country to fly to unknown and unlit sites in the hours of darkness. Anglia Two begins flying 07:00 until 23:59 every day of the year.
September 2012: EC135 T2
EC135 T2, a fully night-capable helicopter is delivered to Cambridge to become the new Anglia Two.
March 2011: Bond Air Services
We moved from Sterling Aviation to Bond Air Services to start flying the Eurocopter EC135.
December 2010: Flying doctors
Paid doctors seconded from the NHS began to crew the helicopters, rather than using volunteers. This guaranteed the best possible clinical service 365 days a year.
August 2010: 10 years of saving lives
We celebrated our 10 Year Anniversary with increased fundraising activities, a gala ball, and a cookbook supported by top chefs and celebrities in our region.
July 2009: Critical-care paramedics
A dedicated team of critical-care paramedics were appointed to work solely on the aircraft.
October 2007: Cambridge Airport (Marshalls)
Marshalls Airport in Cambridge offers us a permanent overnight base for Anglia Two. We ended the year operating both Anglia One and Two seven days a week.
April 2007: Bedfordshire
An appeal is launched to extend the service to Bedfordshire. The service became operational just four months later with a second BK117 in place covering Bedfordshire and Cambridgeshire five days a week with the call sign 'Anglia Two'.
November 2006: Bolkow BK117
The Bolkow BK117 is ordered from Germany and we end the year with the service becoming ever more busy with missions up by 20% on the previous year.
March 2003: Anglia Lift Off
Due to the increase in our supporters we released our quarterly newsletter Anglia Lift Off.
August 2001: Lottery
The East Anglian Air Ambulance Lottery was launched.
July 2001: Seven days
Another increase to seven days a week.
March 2001: Five days
The air ambulance increased to flying five days a week.
January 2001: The first Anglia One
Enough money had been raised to commission a Bolkow BK105 from Sterling Aviation to fly one day a week from Norwich Airport with the call sign 'Anglia One'.
August 2000: Launch
Appeal launched by Andrew Egerton-Smith MBE with the help of Italian horse racing jockey Frankie Dettori MBE.


text:
TOTO FUNDS THE ARTS (TFA) invites entries for its thirteenth TOTO Music Award for young musicians and bands. The winner, to be decided by an eminent panel, will receive a cash award of Rs 60,000. Entries should reach TFA by 19 September 2016.
The deadline has been extended to 7 October, 2016.
Contemporary original music from all parts of India, in any genre and language, is welcome. In the past TFA has received entries in genres ranging from rock, jazz, heavy metal and electronic to instrumental and folk. Although it is never easy to compare diverse entries, our experience is that talent and potential have a way of standing out regardless. TFA tends to reward music that explores new territory in the Indian music scene in the hope that the recognition and the cash award can help sustain it. The selected jury comprises individuals with experience as well as an open ear for new sounds.
Only Indian nationals resident in India are eligible for the award. Since the spirit of the award is to identify and encourage young talent, you can apply if you (and band members if any) were born on or after 1 January 1987.
Over the past twelve years, the Toto Music Award has come to be coveted by young musicians because it recognizes excellence. It helps you to see where you stand among the best upcoming musicians in the country, and to get your music heard and appreciated by knowledgeable young music writers as well as veterans in the field. The jury will assess musical content as well as the potential of the artist/band. Professional recording quality is not a requirement but applicants are encouraged to make their tracks sound as good as possible.
How to Apply for the Toto Music Award
The application process is fully online.
- Go to: http://totomusicaward.weebly.com/
- You will see an application form for the 2017 award.
- Artist Details: Fill in all the fields as required so that we have your artist details.
- Music: We require you to submit 3 of your best tracks for review. In order to do this, they must be up on soundcloud.com (this is a requirement!) and the form will accept a link for each track.
- Pictures: 3 print resolution pictures of the artist/band, if possible in performance will need to be uploaded in the appropriate section of the form.
- Samples List: Any audio samples used in your submissions over which you do not own copyright need to be declared in this section.
Further queries: firstname.lastname@example.com
No queries will be answered on the phone.
Note: The decision of the TFA jury will be final and cannot be contested in any forum.
TOTO FUNDS THE ARTS (TFA) is a not-for-profit public charitable trust set up in memory of Angirus 'Toto' Vellani who was intensely passionate about music, literature and films


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A renown truth-seeker once said that the reason many are without strength, vitality and in a good state is because they judge themselves and when we are left to judge ourselves we are likely to get a high grade no matter what. It's the whole "fox guarding the henhouse" scenario when an organization places somebody in charge of a job when they actually have a conflict of interest. To do this is often referred to as "self-regulation". Businesses which place a manager of a failed project in charge of the investigation to find out why the project, system, process or intended solution failed typically finds their valuable chickens missing while the manager is found to have chicken breath and a feather or two stuck to his lips.
We're here to help. We bring subject matter expertise and unbiased findings which will be wrapped up in a nice bundled report along with recommendations for corrective actions or kudos for findings of "well done". We will also provide a list of best practices and recommendations to help you move from good to great. Additionally, we can enable your employees to focus on their core competencies by performing these internal assessment activities on your behalf as a project or as part of our managed services.
We do the work and the reporting - you receive the benefits of getting solid, foundational data which will support your growth, compliance, business improvement and your vitality.


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ATLANTA (AP/WAOK) – Authorities raided the home and office of DeKalb County CEO Burrell Ellis while he was testifying before a grand jury investigating county watershed operations.
Officials say unmarked police cars were parked outside Ellis' house in Stone Mountain while he was in court Monday morning. A grand jury is reportedly looking into allegations involving county watershed employees who were accused of accepting bribes from companies in exchange for waste disposal permits.
Later in the morning investigators also showed up at the CEO's DeKalb County office.
Ellis says he is unsure why authorities chose to raid his house while he was in in court and he is unsure of what they may have been looking for.
Ellis was concerned for the well bring of his 83 year old mother who was at the home visiting from out of town when detectives arrived to conduct the search. Neighbors escorted her to another home during the search.
The county's Chief Operating Officer, Richard Stogner, told a television station the raid was likely related to water and sewer issues that occurred before Ellis took office as county CEO.
Ellis told reporters at an afternoon news conference that he is innocent of any wrongdoing and has cooperated fully with investigators.
DeKalb County investigators from the District Attorney's office removed several boxes, and a computer from the CEO's house.


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You know that little hole-in-the-wall restaurant that you walk by every day? There's no chance you'd try it out, is there? What if a close friend told you they had the most amazing meal there. Would that change your mind?
This is the premise behind the influx of online customer review sites. Sites like Google Places, Yelp, Gigpark, even Yellow Pages, have jumped into the action because it is apparent that the public is no longer swayed by glossy marketing materials and highly controlled branding. They want the real goods and they want it from reliable sources who don't gain anything from sharing their opinions.
If you have not already submitted your business to these sites, now is a great time to do it. Once created, you can then send your clients the links to review you instead of asking for testimonials for your website. Read this article to find out which questions to ask to get the best reviews.
Review sites are also a great opportunity to manage and provide customer service. If you receive a negative customer review, reply to it on the same site and state how you plan to rectify the situation. Anyone reading the negative review will respect your transparency and know that you take clients' disappointment seriously.
Think of review sites like word-of-mouth recommendations (only through a mega phone) and sign up today!
Have you used SeeVirtual Marketing & Photography? We would love it if you would review us! Click here, here, or here to let us know how we are doing.


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Zimmermann Spring 2014
Having built a huge fan base and reputation for super fashionable designer swimwear, Nicky and Simone Zimmermann have grown their brand to include chic and accessible Ready to Wear styles. The Zimmermann Spring 2014 Collection showcased during New York Fashion Week included sexy and creatively stylish, Ready to Wear designs in a very attractive palette. In my opinion it's very alluring, pretty and practical too. Metallic fabrics light the collection up. Flesh tones and copper give it a flexible warmth that anyone could wear and look great in the color. I love their patterns and textures and the flirtatiousness that is imbued in every design. Swimwear peeks into the collection and that is very cute. It's a very Resort style collection.
Visit the World of Zimmermann and Shop Available Styles
Zimmermann Spring 2014 New York Fashion Week
Please Use the Pinit Button & All Images will Pin Large & Credit Designers


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The game is set in a zombie Apocalypse which the player has to work through 5 stages to reach his village. In each stage the player will be up against hordes of zombies while trying to search for supplies and pick-ups. To complete each stage the player must find a hidden key which will unlock the safe zone exit too that stage.
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I've been having "fun" (undergoing self imposed torture) trying to organize my scrapbook supplies.
I suffer from the delusion that items are easier to remember and retrieve that way.
So far I'm failing miserably due to lack of space and an inability to decide how to organize.
My first attempt at paper organization is a compromise.
I am using manufacturer, favorite color and pattern categories.
- grid
- woodgrain
- red
- yellow
- neutral (kraft, black, grey and white based papers)
- Sassafras Lass
- Crate Paper
- vellum
- cardstock
This all came about after a conversation I had several months ago with other scrapbookers right in the comments section of this very blog.
I made the bold statement that organizing paper into ROYGBIV is too time consuming and obsessive.
Then a favorite scrappy friend admitted she loves playing around by organizing her stash and that it it's her favorite way to get page inspiration.
Well alrighty then. I'll give it a go.
|2x3 inserts- oh so cute!
And SO time consuming when you have to cut them out yourself.
Not the best use of my time.
It's good to review what I have but the basic problem- too much crap- hasn't been solved.
Also- the first 4 boxes finally made their way over to Materials For The Arts- a great local charity that does just as the title says.
Enough yapping.
Here are my first 2 Project Life pages for 2013.
Thanks for stopping by!


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Orioles pitching prospect Dylan Bundy will be limited to 75 pitches per outing this year. That didn't get him very far Thursday.
The right-hander, starting at High-A Frederick, was pulled after surrendering a pair of singles in the fourth inning. He exited having allowed three earned runs in three innings during the Keys' game against Salem.
Bundy gave up five hits while striking out two batters and walking a pair.
Thursday was Bundy's second start with the Keys, after making three appearances for short-season Single-A Aberdeen. He has yielded six earned runs in 7 2/3 innings with Frederick (7.04 ERA).
Bundy, who made two relief appearances with the Orioles in 2012, is rehabilitating from Tommy John elbow surgery last June.
Orioles manager Buck Showalter said the right-hander's pitch limit wouldn't prevent him from making an impact with the club this season, but he warned that the Carolina League might present Bundy some challenges.


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Almost 1% of the population suffers from excessive sweating, especially under the arms and on the hands. Fortunately, good treatments are available. In this episode, featuring thoracic surgeon Michael Koury, MD, find out what causes hyperhidrosis, and medical and surgical treatments for it.
More podcasts by Albert Koury, MD
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For a while now I have been watching that modern trend of carrying your infant around all day, of wrapping him in blankets and hold him onto your chest for hours and - this is not a modern trend - of bouncing and rocking him. I have never understood the parents that have been bouncing the pram with a crying baby inside like mad. Even in buses or trams that have the bouncy effect themselves. I always felt that the baby must get sick from all the bouncing. But I never had a child myself and held back. Now I fell into those discussions and I am seriously annoyed by one special argument:
"But that's what the child experienced for the past 9 months in the uterus."
Exactly. Past tense. ExperiencED. As hard as it is for the little one, this time is over.
I do agree that we should help him on his "way out" and make it as low stressful as possible. I love "Birth without violence" by Frederick Leboyer and I am grateful to have given birth in a hospital that is practicing this method. But I don't think that it is right to "pretend" a world that is not there anymore. In fact I believe that we should help the little one adjust to "our world" as much as we can. The rest is an experience everyone has to go through.
Imagine coming back from a fantastic holiday in the south, days on the beach and lots of sun. Now you are back to rainy days and work. Would you like your boss to put up a high sun and blue sky in the office while you still have to catch up with work from the past two weeks? Or would you rather face reality but take it a little slow on catching up with work and have colleagues that help you settle back in? I am not saying that this is the case most of the time, unfortunately it isn't but imagine you had the choice.
Adjusting to life outside the uterus is a process no carrying device, no bouncy chair, no tight wrapped blanket can stop, they can actually just extend that process.
So help your newborn grow into our world, talk to him, be there for him and respect that he needs time and space. Don't interfere, watch him and listen to his needs.
As hard as it sounds - this is all you can do.


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|NXP and BRAGI Demonstrate World's First Smart, Truly Wireless Earphones at CES 2016
BRAGI, a European-based earphone manufacturer, is the world's first company to release smart, truly wireless earphones, based on NXP's NFMI transceiver technology and its Kinetis K24 microcontroller. BRAGI's DASH-- a completely wireless hearable-- offers consumers a cord-free experience with freedom of movement, maximum comfort and high quality sound. The DASH combines three essential features into one product: a standalone music player, a live sports assistant and a smartphone companion.
With NXP's NFMI transceiver technology, and the power and performance efficient Kinetis, the DASH is able to bring innovation to life with a truly differentiated and tiny hearable.
"One of the major hurdles in developing the DASH has been the ability to deliver reliable streaming of audio signals from ear to ear. Desperate of trying to accomplish this with 2.4GHz RF, we were relieved to come across NXP's NFMI transceiver technology which has been used for almost a decade to enable ear to ear communication in hearing instruments," said
"Without question, 2016 is going to be a year of more disruptive connected consumer experiences, many of which attendees will see at CES this year," said
NXP's latest innovation, the NXH2280, an NFMI transceiver chip offers low power, high bandwidth, more processing capabilities and increased flexibility, while streaming audio and data from ear to ear. This makes the NXH2280 an optimized solution for hearables.
In addition, NXP's Kinetis K24 is a low power 120MHz ARM Cortex-M4F based microcontroller including 1MB of Flash, 256KB
Additional information about the NXH2280 and Kinetis K24 is available at www.nxp.com.
Forward-looking Statements
For more information, please contact: NXP Global Technology PR Tate Tran Tel: +1 408-802-0602 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com NXP Global Technology PR
|January 06, 2016


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This time mostly yellow with a splash of pink and based on the color suggestion of Tuesday Trigger "All sweetness & Light" and the sketch posted at Mojo Monday#296 Contest. Since the basic color is yellow, I'd like to play along with Mellow Yellow Quickfire at Catered Crop:
9 komentarzy:
I really love your soft and shabby style, it's wonderful :) the subtle pinks and yellows compliment each other so well, this card is beautiful :)OdpowiedzUsuń
This card is gorgeous! Well take on the tuesday trigger!OdpowiedzUsuń
So lovely!!!OdpowiedzUsuń
Stunning! I love the beautiful soft look, the gorgeous yellow roses (my fave colour) and the distressed edges.OdpowiedzUsuń
so pretty...OdpowiedzUsuń
Love the layering. Beautiful treatment of each element!OdpowiedzUsuń
Very well done! Gorgeous!OdpowiedzUsuń
soft and beautiful. Love the pink pearls.OdpowiedzUsuń
Hey Macarena! Thanks for linking this up to this week's Tuesday Trigger in the Moxie Fab World! I'm so glad you joined in on all the fun! :)OdpowiedzUsuń
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