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Frequent Links
Los Angeles Times
Front page from October 21, 2008
|Daily newspaper
|Tribune Publishing
|Austin Beutner[1]
|Davan Maharaj
|December 4, 1881
202 West 1st Street
Los Angeles, California 90012
653,868 Daily
954,010 Sunday[2] (as of March 2013)
|OCLC number
|Template:OCLC search link
The Los Angeles Times, commonly referred to as the Times, is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It was the largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States in 2008 and the fourth most widely distributed newspaper in the country.[3] In 2000, the Tribune Company, parent company of the Chicago Tribune and local television station KTLA, purchased the Los Angeles Times.[4] It is currently owned by Tribune Publishing.
- 1 History
- 2 Pulitzer prizes
- 3 Competition and rivalry
- 4 Special editions
- 5 Features
- 6 Promotion
- 7 Broadcasting activities
- 8 Notable employees
- 9 References
- 10 Further reading
- 11 External links
Otis era
The Times was first published on December 4, 1881, as the Los Angeles Daily Times under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and Thomas Gardiner. It was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T.J. Caystile. Unable to pay the printing bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. In the meantime, S.J. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication. In July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara to become the paper's editor.[5] Otis made the Times a financial success.
In an era where newspapers were driven by party politics, the Times was directed at Republican readers. As was typical of newspapers of the time, the Times would sit on stories for several days, notably including the 1884 victory of Democratic presidential candidate Grover Cleveland.[6]
Historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman "capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment".[7] Otis's editorial policy was based on civic boosterism, extolling the virtues of Los Angeles and promoting its growth. Toward those ends, the paper supported efforts to expand the city's water supply by acquiring the rights to the water supply of the Owens Valley in the California Water Wars, a set of events fictionalized in the Roman Polanski movie Chinatown.
The efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the October 1, 1910, bombing of its headquarters, killing twenty-one people. Two union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara, were charged. The American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent the brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty.
Otis fastened a bronze eagle on top of a high frieze of the new Times headquarters building designed by Gordon Kaufmann, proclaiming anew the credo written by his wife, Eliza: "Stand Fast, Stand Firm, Stand Sure, Stand True."[8][9]
Chandler era
Upon Otis's death in 1917, his son-in-law, Harry Chandler, took control as publisher of the Times. Harry Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler, who ran the paper during the rapid growth of post-war Los Angeles. Norman's wife, Dorothy Buffum Chandler, became active in civic affairs and led the effort to build the Los Angeles Music Center, whose main concert hall was named the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in her honor. Family members are buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios. The site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims.
The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler, held that position from 1960 to 1980. Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his family's paper, often forgotten in the power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nation's most respected newspapers, notably The New York Times and Washington Post. Believing that the newsroom was "the heartbeat of the business",[10] Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962, the paper joined with the Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times-Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for other news organizations.
During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes, more than its previous nine decades combined.
Writing in 2013 about the pattern of newspaper ownership by founding families, Times reporter Michael Hiltzik said that:
The first generations bought or founded their local paper for profits and also social and political influence (which often brought more profits). Their children enjoyed both profits and influence, but as the families grew larger, the later generations found that only one or two branches got the power, and everyone else got a share of the money. Eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, or disappeared. That's the pattern followed over more than a century by the Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family.[11]
The paper's early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history Thinking Big (1977, ISBN 0-399-11766-0), and was one of four organizations profiled by David Halberstam in The Powers That Be (1979, ISBN 0-394-50381-3; 2000 reprint ISBN 0-252-06941-2). It has also been the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications or social science in the past four decades.[12]
Modern era
The Times was beset in the first decade of the 21st century by a change in ownership, a bankruptcy, a rapid succession of editors, reductions in staff, decreases in paid circulation and the need to increase its Web presence.
In 2000, the Tribune Company acquired the Times, placing the paper in co-ownership with then-WB (now CW)-affiliated KTLA, which Tribune acquired in 1985.[4]
For two days in 2005, the Times experimented with Wikitorial, the first Wiki by a major news organization to allow readers to combine forces to produce their own editorial pieces. However, they shut it down after a few people besieged it with inappropriate material.
In December 2008, the Tribune Company filed for bankruptcy protection.[13]
The single copy rate is $2. Since March 2015 the paper increased its daily price $0.50 (33.3%) to match its Sunday/Thanksgiving Day rate (at newsracks tax included; price is higher in designated state areas).
Pulitzer prizes
Through 2014, the Times had won 41 Pulitzers, including four in editorial cartooning, and one each in spot news reporting for the 1965 Watts Riots and the 1992 Los Angeles riots.[14]
Times sportswriter Jim Murray won a Pulitzer in 1990.
Times investigative reporters Chuck Philips and Michael Hiltzik won the Pulitzer in 1999[15] for a year-long series that exposed corruption in the music business.[16] Mark Saylor, then-entertainment editor of the business section, said it recognized "aggressive reporting on the hometown industry ... where The LA Times has long labored under a cloud, the misperception that ...[they]... were soft on the entertainment industry".[16]
Times journalist David Willman won the 2001 Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting; the organization cited "his pioneering expose of seven unsafe prescription drugs that had been approved by the Food and Drug Administration, and an analysis of the policy reforms that had reduced the agency's effectiveness."[17] In 2004, the paper won five prizes, which is the third-most by any paper in one year (behind The New York Times in 2002 (7) and The Washington Post in 2008 (6)).
Times reporters Bettina Boxall and Julie Cart won a Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting in 2009 "for their fresh and painstaking exploration into the cost and effectiveness of attempts to combat the growing menace of wildfires across the western United States."[18]
Competition and rivalry
In the 19th century, the chief competition to the Times was the Los Angeles Herald, followed by the smaller Los Angeles Tribune. In December 1903, newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst began publishing the Los Angeles Examiner as a direct morning competitor to the Times.[19] In the 20th century, the Los Angeles Express was an afternoon competitor, as was Manchester Boddy's Los Angeles Daily News, a Democratic newspaper.[20]
By the mid-1940s, the Times was the leading newspaper in terms of circulation in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. In 1948, it launched the Los Angeles Mirror, an afternoon tabloid, to compete with both the Daily News and the merged Herald-Express. In 1954, the Mirror absorbed the Daily News. The combined paper, the Mirror-News, ceased publication in 1962, when the Hearst afternoon Herald-Express and the morning Los Angeles Examiner merged to become the Herald-Examiner.[21]
The Herald-Examiner published its last number in 1989. Today the second-largest daily newspaper in Los Angeles is the San Fernando Valley-based Los Angeles Daily News (unrelated to the aforementioned defunct publication).
Special editions
Midwinter and midsummer
For 69 years, from 1885[22] until 1954, the Times issued on New Year's Day a special annual Midwinter Number or Midwinter Edition that extolled the virtues of Southern California. At first it was called the "Trade Number," and in 1886 it featured a special press run of "extra scope and proportions"; that is, "a twenty-four-page paper, and we hope to make it the finest exponent of this [Southern California] country that ever existed."[23] Two years later, the edition had grown to "forty-eight handsome pages (9x15 inches), [which] stitched for convenience and better preservation," was "equivalent to a 150-page book."[24] The last use of the phrase Trade Number was in 1895, when the edition had grown to thirty-six pages split among three separate sections.[25]
The Midwinter Number drew acclamations from other newspapers, including this one from the Kansas City Star in 1923:
It is made up of five magazines with a total of 240 pages – the maximum size possible under the postal regulations. It goes into every detail of information about Los Angeles and Southern California that the heart could desire. It is virtually a cyclopedia on the subject. It drips official statistics. In addition it verifies the statistics with a profusion of illustration. . . . it is a remarkable combination of guidebook and travel magazine.[26]
In 1948 the Midwinter Edition, as it was then called, had grown to "7 big picture magazines in beautiful rotogravure reproduction."[27] The last mention of the Midwinter Edition was in a Times advertisement on January 10, 1954.[28]
Between 1891 and 1895, the Times also issued a similar Midsummer Number, the first one with the theme "The Land and Its Fruits".[29] Because of its issue date in September, the edition was in 1891 called the Midsummer Harvest Number.[30]
Zoned editions and subsidiaries
In the 1990s, the Times published various editions catering to far-flung areas. Editions included a Ventura County edition, an Inland Empire edition, a San Diego County edition, and a "National Edition" that was distributed to Washington, D.C. and the San Francisco Bay Area. The National Edition was closed in December 2004.
Some of these editions were folded into Our Times, a group of community supplements included in editions of the regular Los Angeles Metro newspaper.
A subsidiary, Times Community Newspapers, publishes the Burbank Leader, Coastline Pilot of Laguna Beach, Crescenta Valley Sun, Daily Pilot of Newport Beach and Costa Mesa, Glendale News-Press, Huntington Beach Independent and La Cañada Valley Sun.[31]
Among the Times ' staff are columnists Steve Lopez and Patt Morrison and film critic Kenneth Turan. Sports columnists include Bill Plaschke, who is also a panelist on ESPN's Around the Horn, and Helene Elliott, the first female sportswriter to be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Former sports editor Bill Dwyre is also a columnist.
One of the Times ' features is "Column One," a feature that appears daily on the front page to the left-hand side. Established in September 1968, it is a place for the weird and the interesting; in the How Far Can a Piano Fly? (a compilation of Column One stories) introduction, Patt Morrison writes that the column's purpose is to elicit a "Gee, that's interesting, I didn't know that" type of reaction.
The Times also embarked on a number of investigative journalism pieces. A series in December 2004 on the King/Drew Medical Center in Los Angeles led to a Pulitzer Prize and a more thorough coverage of the hospital's troubled history. Lopez wrote a five-part series on the civic and humanitarian disgrace of Los Angeles' Skid Row, which became the focus of a 2009 motion picture, The Soloist. It also won 62 awards at the SND awards.
On January 31, 2013 a KCBS-TV news report looking at the use of disabled parking placards in Los Angeles, featured Times health columnist Karen Voight using a disabled parking badge, thereby avoiding meter parking charges outside the fitness centre where she was teaching a class.[32] The crew filmed Voight participating in the exercise class, and subsequently walking down the street without any problem. When the CBS reporter David Goldstein confronted the international fitness expert, she said "My knee is unable to do a lot of things."
Festival of Books
In 1996, the Times started the annual Los Angeles Times Festival of Books, in association with the University of California, Los Angeles. It has panel discussions, exhibits, and stages during two days at the end of April each year.[33] In 2011, the Festival of Books was moved to the University of Southern California.[34]
Book prizes
Since 1980, the Times has awarded annual book prizes. The categories are now biography, current interest, fiction, first fiction, history, mystery/thriller, poetry, science and technology, and young adult fiction. In addition, the Robert Kirsch Award is presented annually to a living author with a substantial connection to the American West whose contribution to American letters deserves special recognition".[35]
Broadcasting activities
|Acquired by Argyle Television (sold to New World Communications in 1994)
(as KTTV, Inc.)
(inactive, 1963–1970)
|Los Angeles, California
|Broadcast and cable television
The Times-Mirror Company was a founding owner of television station KTTV in Los Angeles, which opened in January 1949. It became that station's sole owner in 1951, after re-acquiring the minority shares it had sold to CBS in 1948. Times-Mirror also purchased a former motion picture studio in Hollywood in 1950, which was then used to consolidate KTTV's operations. Later to be known as Metromedia Square, the studio was sold along with KTTV to Metromedia in 1963.
After a seven-year hiatus from the medium, the firm reactivated Times-Mirror Broadcasting Company with its 1970 purchase of the Dallas Times Herald and its radio and television stations, KRLD-AM-FM-TV in Dallas.[36] The Federal Communications Commission granted an exemption of its cross-ownership policy and allowed Times-Mirror to retain the newspaper and the television outlet, which was renamed KDFW-TV.
Times-Mirror Broadcasting later acquired KTBC-TV in Austin, Texas in 1973;[37] and in 1980 purchased a group of stations owned by Newhouse Newspapers: WAPI-TV (now WVTM-TV) in Birmingham, Alabama; KTVI in St. Louis; WSYR-TV (now WSTM-TV) in Syracuse, New York and its satellite station WSYE-TV (now WETM-TV) in Elmira, New York; and WTPA-TV (now WHTM-TV) in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.[38] The company also entered the field of cable television, servicing the Phoenix and San Diego areas, amongst others. They were originally titled Times-Mirror Cable, and were later renamed to Dimension Cable Television. Similarly, they also attempted to enter the pay-TV market, with the Spotlight movie network; it wasn't successful and was quickly shut down. The cable systems were sold in the mid-1990s to Cox Communications.
Times-Mirror also pared its station group down, selling off the Syracuse, Elmira and Harrisburg properties in 1986.[39] The remaining four outlets were packaged to a new upstart holding company, Argyle Television, in 1993.[40] These stations were acquired by New World Communications shortly thereafter and became key components in a sweeping shift of network-station affiliations which occurred between 1994–1995.
|City of license / market
| Channel
|Years owned
|Current ownership status
|13 (13)
|NBC affiliate owned by Hearst Television
|Los Angeles
|11 (11)
|Fox owned-and-operated (O&O)
|St. Louis
|2 (43)
|Fox affiliate owned by Tribune Broadcasting
|Elmira, New York
|18 (18)
|NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Broadcasting Group
|Syracuse, New York
|3 (24)
|NBC affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
| Harrisburg - Lancaster -
Lebanon - York
|27 (10)
|ABC affiliate owned by Media General
|Austin, Texas
|7 (7)
|Fox owned-and-operated (O&O)
|Dallas - Fort Worth
|4 (35)
|Fox owned-and-operated (O&O)
- 1 Co-owned with CBS until 1951 in a joint venture (51% owned by Times-Mirror, 49% owned by CBS);
- 2 Purchased along with KRLD-AM-FM as part of Times-Mirror's acquisition of the Dallas Times Herald. Times-Mirror sold the radio stations to comply with FCC cross-ownership restrictions.
Notable employees
Writers and editors
- ^ Goffard, Christopher (August 11, 2014). "Austin Beutner named publisher and CEO of the Los Angeles Times". LA Times.
- ^ "Total Circ for US Newspapers". Alliance for Audited Media. March 31, 2013. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
- ^ List of newspapers in the United States by circulation
- ^ a b "Tribune called on to sell L.A. Times". CNN. September 18, 2006. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
- ^ "Mirror Acorn, 'Times' Oak," Los Angeles Times, October 23, 1923, page II-1 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ James L. Baughman (April 20, 2011). "The Fall and Rise of Partisan Journalism". ethics.journalism.wisc.edu. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- ^ Starr, Kevin (1985). Inventing the Dream: California Through the Progressive Era. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 228. ISBN 0-19-503489-9. OCLC 11089240.
- ^ Berges, Marshall. The Life and Times of Los Angeles: A Newspaper, A Family and A City. New York: Atheneum. p. 25.
- ^ Clarence Darrow: Biography and Much More from Answers.com at www.answers.com
- ^ McDougal, Dennis (2002). Privileged Son: Otis Chandler and the Rise and Fall of the L.A. Times Dynasty. Cambridge, Mass.: Da Capo. ISBN 0-306-81161-8. OCLC 49594139.
- ^ "Washington Post Buy: Can Jeff Bezos Fix Newspapers' Business Model?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
- ^ ProQuest Dissertation Abstracts. Retrieved June 8, 2007.
- ^ James Rainey and Michael A. Hiltzik (December 9, 2008). "Owner of L.A. Times files for bankruptcy". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ "Los Angeles Times – Media Center". Los Angeles Times. January 17, 1994. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "1999 Pulitzer Prize winners for beat reporting". Columbia journalism review. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
- ^ a b Shaw, David (April 13, 1999). "2 Times Staffers Share Pulitzer for Beat Reporting". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
- ^ "The Pulitzer Prizes | Biography". Pulitzer.org. October 18, 1956. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
- ^ "2009 Pulitzer Prizes: Journalism". Reuters. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
- ^ "December 1903: Hearst's Examiner comes to L.A". Ulwaf.com. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
- ^ Red Ink, White Lies: The Rise and Fall of Los Angeles Newspapers, 1920–1962 by Rob Leicester Wagner, Dragonflyer Press, 2000.
- ^ Leonard Pitt and Dale Pitt, Los Angeles: A to Z, University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-20274-0.
- ^ Harrison Gray Otis Southern California Historical Society
- ^ "Our Annual Trade Number," Los Angeles Times, December 18, 1886, page 4 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ "Our Annual Edition," Los Angeles Times, December 21, 1888, page 4 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ "General Contents," Los Angeles Times, January 1, 1895 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ Quoted in "Highest Praise Given to 'Times,'" Los Angeles Times, January 28, 1923, page II-12 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ Display advertisement, Los Angeles Times, December 13, 1947 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ "Bigger and Better Than Ever," page F-10 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ "'The Land and Its Fruits' — Our Harvest Number," Los Angeles Times, September 5, 1891, page 6 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ "Ready Tomorrow," Los Angeles Times, September 4, 1891, page 4 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
- ^ "Los Angeles Times website". latimes.com. April 17, 2014. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
- ^ CBS2 Investigation reveals rampant-fraud in use of disabled parking placards: [1]
- ^ "Los Angeles Times Festival of Books". Retrieved October 6, 2014.
- ^ rebecca Buddingh · Daily Trojan (September 26, 2010). "L.A. Times fair comes to USC | Daily Trojan". Dailytrojan.com. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
- ^ "Los Angeles Times Book Prizes home page". Retrieved October 6, 2014.
- ^ Storch, Charles (June 27, 1986). "Times Mirror Selling Dallas Times Herald". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
- ^ "Johnson family sells Austin TV." Broadcasting, September 4, 1972, pg. 6.
- ^ "Times Mirror's deal for Newhouse's TVs gets FCC approval." Broadcasting, March 31, 1980, pg. 30.
- ^ "Changing hands: Proposed." Broadcasting, September 30, 1985, pg. 109.
- ^ "Times Mirror set to sell four TV'." Broadcasting and Cable, March 22, 1993, pg. 7.
- ^ 1960 Winners, The Pulitzer Prizes
Further reading
- Ainsworth, Edward Maddin (c. 1940). History of Los Angeles Times.
- Berges, Marshall (1984). The life and Times of Los Angeles: A newspaper, a family, and a city. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 0689114273.
- Gottlieb, Robert; Wolt, Irene (1977). Thinking big : the story of the Los Angeles times, its publishers, and their influence on Southern California. New York: Putnam.
- Halberstam, David (1979). The Powers That Be. New York: Knopf. ISBN 0394503813.
- Hart, Jack R. (1981). The information empire: The rise of the Los Angeles Times and the Times Mirror Corporation. Washington, D.C.: University Press of America. ISBN 0819115800.
- Prochnau, William (January–February 2000). "The State of The American Newspaper: Down and Out in L.A.". American Journalism Review (College Park: University of Maryland Foundation).
External links
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- Official website (Mobile)
- Tribune Company
- Los Angeles Times Archives (1881 to present)
- Los Angeles Times Travel
- Los Angeles Times photonegative archive. Department of Special Collection. Charles E. Young Research Library, UCLA
- Today's front page in .pdf format (may load slowly)
- "The Times' 128-Year History," Los Angeles Times Media Group
- Article for the Los Angeles Beat about the Los Angeles Times guided tour
- Los Angeles Times at the Wayback Machine (archived December 21, 1996)
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Training >> Browse Articles >> Miscellaneous
PoliceLink's Best Of: Stupid Criminals
Kevin Powers | PoliceLink
Deputy Foils Getaway on Motorized Wal-Mart Shopping Cart
(AP Photo)
SPRING HILL, FL — It was a getaway that didn't get very far.
When a Hernando County sheriff's deputy spotted Jeremiah Reardon at about 1 a.m. Wednesday, Reardon was cruising south on Mariner Boulevard.
The chase didn't last very long, and was definitely of the slow-speed variety.
Reardon was piloting a motorized shopping cart that he allegedly stole from a Wal-Mart, according to a police report. He was waving a small flashlight in the darkness both as a headlight and as a way to flag down a passing motorist so he could ask for a lift in a somewhat faster vehicle.
The only ride Reardon, 27, was able to snare was to the Hernando County Jail in the back of a police cruiser.
An employee of the Wal-Mart on Cortez Boulevard told deputies she saw Reardon drive the cart off of the store's property from a rear entrance and head toward Mariner Boulevard, a short distance away. Two store employees ran after him and tried to detain him until deputies arrived.
Reardon told deputies he took the $2,500 shopping cart only because he had a broken leg and couldn't get a ride to his home on Santee Street in Spring Hill.
A search of Reardon yielded a dozen methadone tablets in a small canister. Deputies said the pills had been prescribed to Reardon's mother.
Reardon faces charges of grand theft, possession of a controlled substance, and probation violations. He remains in the Hernando County Jail without bond.
[St. Petersburg Times via YellowBrix]

subset: commoncrawl


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Reviewed by Patricia C. (age 5)
I like the water fountain that "abuela" makes with colorful rocks from the rainforest. I like this book because I think it is about Puerto Rico.
If you want to fly away in your imagination to a beautiful place, you will like this book.
(This story was dictated.)


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Donlevel4 needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 30 designs submitted by 14 freelance designers.
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Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


text:
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text:
The EGE wrote:That line was the first to be converted from trolley to "trolley coach" (trolleybus), on April 10, 1936. Five more routes were converted in 1937 and three in 1938, including #51 Harvard - Aberdeen Ave (now the 72, still a trolleybus) on April 1.
dariaphoebe wrote:Does the BSRY map package have a trackage map newer than 1961? So far, seems mythical, but I can keep looking.
highgreen215 wrote:A similar fate met Arborway - Mattapan, not sure what year the streetcars disappeared here.
Trackless Memories
Moderator: Aa3rt
Post a reply
9 posts • Page 1 of 1
Trackless Memories
Postby 3rdrail » Sat Sep 27, 2008 3:48 pm
I wrote this up for the Connecticut Trolley Museum a while back, and thought that it might be enjoyed here as well, as well as stimulating other trackless buffs to comment on their memories.
TRACKLESS TROLLEYS and BOSTON'S ARBORWAY LINE
By Paul Joyce
However referred to, the trackless trolley, trolley coach, or trolley bus, a creature that has been around as long as trolleys themselves, is a very misunderstood mode of transportation. Often labeled a "bus", it is not. Its motive power, an electric motor(s), sometimes is thought to be based upon internal combustion. It is not. Its abilities and riding characteristics are very much misunderstood by motorists who, often are of the opinion that the trolley coach has the same freedom of direction as they do. It does not.
What the vehicles do possess is a highly dependable and strong, quick starting electric motor which is generally universally impervious to climate, be it winter in Montreal or summer in Honolulu. Trolley coaches are generally equipped with trolley pole mechanisms which are generally longer than their steel-wheeled counterparts, complete with swiveling harps, and are designed to adapt to radical differences of car body angles versus overhead, with more flexibility than a conventional trolley would have. This flexibility usually will allow a trolley coach to travel at least a full lane outside of its running overhead, a distinct advantage when traveling through congested city streets loaded with double-parked trucks. Being independent of liquid fuel, it has limitless energy, and always has a "full tank" as long as poles are connected to "juice". Aside from possible emergency back-up power and lighting, batteries are of lesser importance in the TT's than on conventional buses. Some modern versions, such as the "dual-mode" trolley-buses used on Boston's Silver Line, have the advantage of the trolley-bus efficiency, plus the freedom of direction of a conventional bus, when needed.
Having a European background, trolley buses were first introduced in Berlin in 1882 by Dr. Ernest Werner von Siemens, a name still synonymous with electric transit vehicles. Through experimentation in Germany and Paris, England followed with widespread usage, often utilizing a second floor on its "double-decked" trolley buses. The coaches of the time were so silent with their simplified engineering, that many an unwary pedestrian never knew what hit them, thus coining the phrase "the silent death".
Soon, many American cities began purchasing the trolley coaches from companies such as Pullman-Standard, Marmon-Herrington, Brill, Twin Coach, and many others, as their reliability and cost-effectiveness was realized. In the mid-20th century, trackless trolleys were built by the thousands, from General Motors' single (hybrid) coach production (had the tires - didn't rely on diesel fuel See United States v National City Lines, Inc.- 1949), to the largest builder of trackless trolleys - Pullman-Standard, with 1,863 vehicles built between 1932 and 1951. Boston, San Francisco, Atlanta, Baltimore, Brooklyn and Staten Island NY, Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Dallas, Dayton, Denver, Des Moines, Detroit, Honolulu, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Knoxville, Louisville, Los Angeles, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, New Orleans, Newark, Philadelphia, Portland OR, Providence RI, Salt Lake City, Seattle, Toledo, Topeka, were among the major cities having trackless operation at one time. They were ideal on light to medium load routes. They were a vehicle ahead of their time, and one which does not emit polluting exhaust, consistent with our current efforts towards environmental air pollution control.
The powerful, pleasant sounding, whining motors, have shown themselves to be excellent at hill climbing, far better at it, in fact, than any diesel bus. It was this fact that led to an attempted conversion of cable car routes in San Francisco by Muni's Marmon-Herrington TC-40's in 1947. The TC-40's had the ability to boost horsepower at the press of a button for steep grades, which increased the setting of their current governor on the car's master controller. They also were equipped with advanced emergency braking capabilities triggered by either the deadman control or an electrical failure. Some cable lines were converted, as all probably would have been if not for the historic sensitivities of cable car "activists" who were able to save three currently operating lines. After the smoke cleared from the attempted coup, the trolley busses and cable cars were able to happily co-exist, with San Francisco currently maintaining a large system of trackless trolley routes throughout the city.
Trackless trolleys are trolleys. They are trolleys that run on rubber tires. They are no more buses than are the rubber-tired subway cars of Paris and Montreal. Because of their insulating rubber tires, they require double overhead, so as to enable a return ground current to feed through the second wire, whereas a traditional trolley's return runs through its running rails. In Massachusetts, trackless trolleys do not need to be registered, as do buses, and operators do not legally require the possession of a Massachusetts Drivers License to operate the cars, as they are deemed to be street railway equipment. (The MBTA requires all operators to be licensed by internal regulation. Being immune to state vehicle inspection produced a fleet of Pullman-Standard trackless-trolleys in the 70's to sometimes appear more like "Toonerville Trolleys" with headlights at 90 degree vertical angles to one another and body panels in various degrees of post-factory contour, in the era of the MBTA's then "fiscally conservative", rarely seen preventative maintenance program. But, in spite of it all, the coaches ran, ran hard, ran long and ran well!
Historically, the vehicles have had a less than rock-solid permanency of route, being somewhere between the general solidarity of rail routes and the sometimes temporary routes of bus lines. This has in part, most likely been due to the fact that overhead alone is a lot easier to disassemble than is overhead and rail. Other mitigating factors have taken place historically, which have caused otherwise efficient, new, and popular trackless trolley systems to be uprooted.
One such case was the matter of the Arborway Lines on Boston's Metropolitan Transit Authority, a heavily patronized system which extended public transportation from the MTA's Main Line (now the Orange Line), and the Arborway trolley line (Green Line), south to Roslindale, West Roxbury, and Hyde Park. Ridership consisted of regular patrons going to work or shop in town or kids on their way to school. In addition, the Charles River line was used at a time, bringing families to the Charles Rivers' banks for swimming on hot summer days. Replacing trolleys between 1951-1953, three lines left from the Arborway and Forest Hills Station. They were: The # 32 Route - "Cleary Square which ran south down Hyde Park Avenue, a mostly straight route with few hills, terminating in Cleary Square, the location of a commercial area and the Hyde Park New Haven Rail Road station. The #34 Route - "Dedham Line" - which ran south down Washington Street, through Roslindale Square- a residential "village" and commercial area, and up the steep incline of Bellevue Hill, the highest point in the City of Boston, continuing to the Boston-Dedham town line. The #36 Route - "Charles River", which like the Dedham Line Route, also followed Washington Street south to Roslindale Square, but then veered westerly onto Belgrade Avenue, following through to West Roxbury's Centre Street, and ending at the Charles River at the Boston-Dedham town line. With their dependable traction motors, and in winter, studded snow tires, their ruggedness was without question, by far surpassing the performance of the busses which replaced them. Comparing the trolley coaches to conventional trolleys, they both had the advantage of an electric motor, with the trackless trolley enjoying the greater traction and stopping ability of a rubber tire on asphalt versus a trolley's metal wheel on a metal rail.
Around the Arborway, every type of transit vehicle could be seen. Trackless trolleys shared the waiting station and live overhead of PCC trolleys traveling through the yard. Present were buses of the Metropolitan Transit Authority, as well as those of the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway Company. Above the lower level of Forest Hills Station, where the noted three trackless trolley routes entered a block from the Arborway, ran the MTA's Main Line Elevated trains northerly through downtown Boston, terminating in Everett. Both the Arborway and Forest Hills were a thriving transit hub at the time, and I wished that I had had the luxury of a camera in those early days to capture some of it on film. Forest Hills Station, now relocated to align with the Northeast Corridor, is still a thriving transportation hub. The Arborway currently is used mainly for the storage of CNG busses in its reduced yard, no longer used by riders since abandonment of the Arborway trolley line in 1985, and the new Forest Hills Station taking over "end-of-line" terminal status from the Arborway two years later.
The MTA ran new Pullman-Standard Trolley Coaches on its Arborway routes, most of which carried the left hand door. Thirty coaches of a 1951 forty-foot long order with 44 seats , having been put in service in September of 1951 at the Arborway, were based at the yard immediately after receipt by the MTA from the Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company of Worcester, Massachusetts. These coaches, numbered 8483 through 8512, were the order in which the Connecticut Trolley Museum's 8483, 8488 and 8494 were a part. Additionally, other orders were used as well, among them, some of the 38 coaches which had been purchased by the MTA from Providence's United Transit Company, numbered 8573 through 8610. Most routine repairs and maintenance of the cars could be performed at the Arborway's Lotus Place Shop, which had a bay for the trolley coaches. Since there was no physical overhead connection between the other trackless trolley shops at Cambridge's Bennett Street Car House or the Everett Car House, where major work was performed, it was convenient to have a localized shop.
The Arborway lines had a short life-span of only a few years, culminating by the end of 1958. Apparently, after making a large investment in the removal of trolley track, and the subsequent installation of trackless-trolley overhead on the Arborway lines seven years previously, the Metropolitan Transit Authority deemed the Arborway coaches, most equipped with left hand doors, needed for the Cambridge lines. Service using trolley coaches was beginning in 1958 to operate out from the narrow confines of Cambridge's Harvard Square Tunnel to Boston, Cambridge, Belmont, and Watertown destinations. Left-hand doors were needed for passage from/into the coaches in the tunnel. Of the coaches which weren't equipped with left hand doors, most were retro-fitted. So away to Cambridge went the Pullman-Standard TT's, and down came the Arborway Line system's wires, still relatively pristine after only five to seven years of use. A large order for Mack C-49DT diesel buses took their place which would then serve the Arborway lines for the next twelve years. The tough Pullman coaches would serve another nineteen years on the Cambridge system, surviving seven years in service longer than the new Mack buses which replaced them on the Arborway system, in spite of the fact that the trolley buses were seven years older than the Macks! In 1977, at 26 years of age, the venerable Pullman-Standard coaches were replaced by fifty new trackless trolleys manufactured by Flyer Industries on theCambridge system. (The Flyer's actually beat the Pullman's record for longevity by surviving 29 years in service, retiring in 2004. Currently, sixty Neoplan trackless trolleys serve the Cambridge system, the last original Boston trackless trolley system still in operation. Of the sixty, thirty-two are dual-mode.)
As a youngster in the Boston of the late 1950's, I remember the thrill of a rear seat ride with head tilted upwards watching the connection between the swiveling trolley shoe and overhead wires. 8300's were to be avoided, due to a vision- obstructing shelf between the back of the rear seat and window. 84 and 8500's were cool - their seat backs were flush with the rear window and perfect for a young traction buff to follow the electrical connection action as we traveled along. A high-point was traveling through an overhead turnout, complete with booming and metallic striking audio effects, the result of arcing carbon trolley pole shoes colliding with cast bronze alloy frogs. The piece de resistance however, (I'm ashamed to say) was when the poles "split a switch", and went wildly side to side, accompanied by booms, crashes, flashes, and retriever rope convulsions. It was better than a night at the Norwood Arena Demolition Derby! (This was pretty common during the 50's-70's, while modern systems seem to hardly ever de-wire with modern overhead turnouts.)
In 2006, trolley busses are making a comeback, with many cities opting for the environmentally-friendly and dependable vehicles on their new transit orders, most of whom now regret their past abandonment of the TT system. In an era where most trolley private right of way has similarly long since been abandoned and now used in a completely different manner, trackless trolley systems are compatible with street running, and with the exception of line installation, need no further road construction. Conversely, in Boston, an abandoned subway tunnel underneath Tremont Street, unused for the past forty-five years, is being considered to be reopened as a route for trolley busses on the Silver Line in a novel approach of using what is already there. The ventilation restrictions of a tunnel built in 1897, make a trolley bus or trolley an excellent solution, with their exhaust-free motors. Also, "track records" for the coaches, which generally last considerably longer than their internal combustion counterparts, added with the ever increasing cost of diesel fuel, make electric propulsion more and more attractive to transit companies. It seems that the age of electric transport is yet to come fully of age, however it would seem quite apparent that that age is dawning, bringing with it a resurgence of interest in electric conveyances, both private and public.
Many, some hilarious, anecdotal stories have come from trolley years on the Boston system, one such story involving a trackless trolley. It seems that an operator, who shall remain nameless, dead-heading a trackless trolley inbound, entering Forest Hills on the last run of the night, observed a disabled truck blocking the entrance to Forest Hills Station, the route's second to last stop. The operator was tired and did not relish waiting three hours for a wrecker to pull the truck out of its way, so with no passengers on board (and thus no need to stop at the station), the operator thought quickly of an immediate solution. (Forest Hills Station was an enclosed station, with the overhead entering it's confines. On both sides of the station, was Washington Street, which was used by all other traffic. No overhead wires were present outside the station on these exterior sides.) So, our quick thinking operator gunned his accelerator and headed up Washington Street, outside the terminal and it's overhead, breaking off his connection to the overhead as he did so, amidst a spectacular display of electrically arcing special effects on this cold winters night, the likes of which hadn't been seen since the 4th of July at the Esplanade. After leaving the power supply of its overhead, the coach without power, was able to coast the 600 feet to the other side of the terminal, where the operator smoothly rolled his coach back under the street wire just outside the exit from Forest Hills Station, where he quickly (and stealthfully) re-established the connection. He then finished his run by turning into the Arborway, where he called it a night. This is a true story. The names have been changed to protect the innocent, and believe me, no official documentation will be found!
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Kevin Donnelly, CEO, EMRapproved
Kevin Donnelly has been named chief executive of Chicago-based health information technology company EMRapproved. Donnelly takes over from former CEO David Gorter, who will stay on as the company¿s president and chairman of the board. Donnelly, 53, joined EMRapproved in January 2012 and quickly became COO. Donnelly has also held senior management positions at Procter & Gamble, Cardinal Health, Baxter International and American Hospital Supply Corp. He was also co-founder and COO of Business Logic Corp. He is a graduate of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Copyright © 2019, Chicago Tribune


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Billy Dee Williams is reportedly set to reprise his role as Lando Calrissian in "Star Wars: Episode IX."
Sources confirmed to The Hollywood Reporter that the 81-year-old will be returning to the sci-fi franchise for the first time since 1983's "Return of the Jedi."
Rumors began to swirl regarding his involvement in the untitled Episode IX, directed by J.J. Abrams, after Williams was forced to pull out of an appearance at sci-fi convention Saskatchewan Entertainment Expo in Canada, that is set to take place in September.
It's been reported that filming will begin in August.
Earlier this year at MegaCon Orlando, where Williams was appearing as a guest, it was revealed the elderly actor had adopted a new health and workout regime.
Williams first played the suave space raconteur in 1980's "Star Wars: Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back," and made his final onscreen appearance as Calrissian in "Return of the Jedi," although he voiced the character in 2014's "The Lego Movie."
A representative for the actor has yet to comment.
Donald Glover stepped into Williams' shoes when he played a younger version of Calrissian in "Solo: A Star Wars Story," and said it was one of the highlights of his career.
"My dad, he really grew me up on (Star Wars), so like this is an apex of a lot of feelings, so it's great. To be a part of this family and to be able to play young Lando, a hero of mine, you know, it's the stuff dreams are made of, so I feel really blessed," he said to ET Online back in May.
Episode IX will also star Daisy Ridley, John Boyega, Oscar Isaac and Adam Driver, with Keri Russell one of the rumored new additions to the cast.
The film is set to open in December 2019.


text: Seductive schoolgirl Melissa Marie is a lady on the streets, but a freak in the sheets! Melissa spends schooldays studying but when it comes to the weekend, nothing makes a better accessory for this sexy spaniard like an ice-cold cosmopolitan! See all of Melissa Marie and more in the members area now.


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Emergency Department
When every second counts, you can count on The Medical Center Emergency Department to give superior medical care. The Medical Center has invested in the most modern facility and the latest technologies to provide quality emergency services 24/7. Our trained staff of physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners and physician assistants is here whenever you need us. We work closely with Medical Center EMS and other emergency medical service providers including four air medical services to ensure communication and treatment begin well before you arrive at The Medical Center.
- 28 private treatment rooms
- Bedside registration
- Onsite radiology and lab services including CT
- Patient tracking system to keep family members aware of progress of the patient through the ER
- Pediatric-friendly treatment rooms
- Children's special play area
Calling 911 at the first signs of a heart attack or stroke is key to saving lives and reducing the effects of a heart attack or stroke. The Medical Center is an accredited Chest Pain Center that follows stringent protocols to ensure that patients receive efficient and accurate treatment during the early stages of a heart attack. The Medical Center also follows evidenced-based guidelines of the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association for the diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from stroke. For demonstrating this commitment to excellence in stroke care, The Medical Center has received Primary Stroke Center Certification by The Joint Commission.
The Medical Center has two Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners, or SANE nurses, trained in the care and treatment of sexual assault victims. SANE nurses ensure proper evidence collection and proper follow up to local law enforcement agencies and advocate centers.


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Horseback riding tours
Rides in
Intro to USA
Cattle Drives
Riding Clinics
Guest Ranches
Working Ranches
Cattle Drives
Horse Drives
Wilderness Rides
Pack Trips
Inn to Inn Rides
Short Getaways
Family Vacations
Women Only
- Choose Continent -
South America
Central America
Northern Africa
North America
Eastern Africa
Southern Africa
Middle East
Hidden Trails is proud to offer this wonderful authentic 100-year old working cattle and horse ranch with generations of ranching experience just an hour from the city of Cody. On the way in you will drive through true wild horse country to reach the ranch. You will appreciate the vastness of the ranch's landscape, which spreads across approximately 300,000 acres of private, Big Horn National Forest and BLM land.
Guests here enjoy high-end pampering by the professional staff with excellent daily menus created by Le Cordon Bleu Culinary schooled chefs. A great glass of wine after a long days ride at 8200 feet altitude is something that makes for great relaxation and memories, before turning in for the night and a good night sleep in a most comfortable bed. They aim to offer our guests a great combination of traditional ranching culture with high quality hospitality every time they visit. By limiting the number of guests to 25 maximum, they can ensure an authentic ranch boutique experience with well maintained accommodations, highly professional staff, excellent horses and trails while also keeping it personal and intimate. If horseback riding, herding cattle and enjoying the great outdoors in Wyoming is your idea of a perfect vacation, then you'll be pleased with many top quality horses and wranglers available for your riding pleasure. These horses will be some of the best you have ever ridden on a guest ranch. All the cattle work offered is real - not made up for "dudes" - and there is plenty of it. It certainly is not a "Nose to Trail" dude ranch, they boast their own Quarter Horse breeding program and the carefully and personally train each of there horse with Natural Horsemanship. The cowboys are all highly skilled and have a great diversity of insight about horses to share. Some have attended Pat Parelli schools and we continue to invest in their skills for you to enjoy during your stay. Many riders and photographers come here because of the diversity of scenery in a relatively small (by Wyoming standards) area. A big draw are the remote Big Horn Mountains, out of the way of mainstream tourists, with its formations and many prehistoric sites, which are popular with paleontologists. During your stay you can ride through semi desert, rocky and green canyons, alpine forest, mountain pastures and lake country - at elevations that range from 4,200 feet to 13,100 feet in Cloud Peak Wilderness. You may ride with your own close friends, foreign travelers from around the world, and their well known repeat guests who keep returning for more, always in a culture of friendship, warmth, genuineness, in a personal, yet professional environment. You will have the opportunity to be a cowboy and you will ride and work aside authentic ones. They are eager to share and explain what they know keeping it light, having fun and being able to be very personable.
Here they offer the unique experience of living the lifestyle of the remote outdoors and yet being pampered, but doing it in a much more personal way than a typical resort with the same high standards as they have the passion to excel. This ranch comes with a "western ranching" flare, a special mix of 100 year-old Wyoming ranch culture with the hospitality of European flare. This makes it a spiritual experience and no visit is the same as the last one... You will feel you are part of the place and that feeling will stay with you long after you leave!
For non riders, this area allows for a variety of outdoor activities like fly-fishing, trapshooting, hiking, biking, canoeing, dinosaur site visits, and overnight high mountain stays - in the winter snowmobiling, cross-country skiing, and snowshoeing. The ranch is within comfortable driving distance of the East Entrance of Yellowstone National Park and the Grand Tetons.
Guest Ranch Working Ranch Cattle Drive, Round Up Riding with fishing options Suitable for riders over 210 lbs
High Desert and Canyons: Ranging in elevation from 4,200 – 5,400 feet. These rides are mostly in the valley riding through the wide open prairies, juniper trees, rocky canyons as well as hidden canyons through which refreshing creeks flow with century old cottonwood trees offering you and your horse some well-deserved shade.
Mountain Pastures, High Alpine Meadows: : You will see it all from above 7,500 feet riding through sage brush and high grasses imagining you are one of the cowboys in the movie Open Range or Lonesome Dove.
High Mountain Alpine Country & Upper Country: Typically elevations in these areas range from 8,500 to 13,200 feet. The High country offers alpine forests, mountain lakes, streams and granite rock formations. Area's above 10,000 are usually snow covered from the end of September to mid-June depending on weather conditions.
Devil's Leap: Undulating red clay hills capped by wild grasses, sage and cactus. This intermediate ride culminates in a breathtaking vista from atop the famed Devil's leap dropping 800 feet beneath you. Take a look over the edge…
Mollycropsy: This mesmerizing canyon hides abundant wildlife and offers a very challenging ride to those seeking high adventure. Sharp turns, steep inclines and daring drops challenge even the most advanced rider.
Black Mountain: A breathtaking scenic route leads the rider through a wide variety of terrain starting at the high desert flats of Mollycropsy Trapper Creek winding through fields of salt sage and ending with a dramatic view over the entire Bighorn Basin and even into parts of Yellowstone Park.
White Creek & Trapper Creek Canyon: Step back in time 100 years. Your ride winds you through down a picturesque tree canopied path, past old timber corrals, over a wooden bridge and opens into a wide open lane perfect for an easy lope. The trail during this half-day ride snakes through the canyon with several crossings of Trapper Creek.
Willet Lake: A breathtaking all day ride in The Big Horn National Forest which takes you through open alpine meadows and pine forests to a clear blue lake surrounded by a gorgeous alpine meadow. This is a ride you will not want to miss.
The Mail Trail or Bench Trail: Saddle up for a full day ride over a century old mail trail leaving at 7600 feet through alpine forests and juniper trees with beautiful vistas in The Shell Canyon. The Mail Trail is part of a century old trail used to carry the mail on horseback and mules from Sheridan to Cody.
Copman's Tomb: This spectacular rock which you can see every day from the lodge is one of the most popular rides for its million-dollar view and scenic picnic. Looking up from the valley you would never think you could make it there on horseback. On a clear day you can look from the top of Copman's Tomb all the way to the Copman's Tomb Rockies and Yellowstone National Park.
The Painted Hills: This half-day ride takes you to what the Indians called The Painted Hills which are hills with beautiful colors due to the minerals mixed with bentonite. We reach these hills riding through the sage brush and grass prairies in the valley. Photographers LOVE this area.
The Sedona Ride: This area near Trapper offers rides which make you think you are in Arizona due to the exposed Chugwater formations and half desert prairies. Cactus, coyotes and rattle snakes included.
The Five Fingers Ride: This popular valley ride takes you through rocky canyons with juniper trees and high desert while travelling along the slopes Big Horn Mountains which rise 2,000 feet along your trail as a huge granite wall. Some of the exposed Precambrian rock is over a billion years old.
McCullough Peak Mustang Country: During winter and spring some of our cattle graze in a 100,000 acre pasture which is a high desert area shared with the McCullough Peak Mustangs. Riding this country you will probably be able to see wild horses alongside grazing antelopes.
Activities (weather permitting)
Trail Riding for all levels
Riding Initiation/Lessons
Natural Horsemanship Initiation
Natural Horsemanship Clinic
Cattle Work & Cattle Drives
Stockmanship Initiation
Fly Fishing & Initiation**
Trap Shooting/Archery
Hiking/Mountain Biking
Lap Pool
4x4 Scenic Tour
Privately Guided Fly-Fishing***
Cody Nite Rodeo
Buffalo Bill Center of the West
Corporate Retreats & Meetings
included in the package pricing
available but not included in package pricing
** limited to 3 guests/guide
*** one to one tours can be booked ahead of time
Shell area
Average High Temperature (°F)
Average Low Temperature (°F)
Average High Temperature (°C)
Average Low Temperature (°C)
Average Precipitation (days of rain)
Wyoming has a dry, continental climate, with cold winters and warm summers. Warm Chinook winds from the Rockies modify some of the winter weather of the eastern plains. Wide temperature ranges exist in the state because of differences in elevation.
Average annual precipitation (rain and melted snow) is about 6 inches (15 centimeters) in the Bighorn Basin.
Average ratings
(see details below)
This trip includes
and can accommodate special dietary requests.
Valid passport required by all nationals referred to in the chart ; validity varies - for most countries the passport must be valid for at least six months from the date on which the holder enters the USA. If not, the holder will be admitted until the expiration date on the passport; check with the embassy (see Contact Addresses).
Passport Note
(a) For nationals included in the Visa Waiver Program (see below), passports must be valid for at least 90 days from date of entry.
(b) All travellers entering the USA under the Visa Waiver Program require individual machine-readable passports. Children included on a parent's passport also now require their own machine-readable passport. Travellers not in possession of machine-readable passports will require a valid USA entry visa.
(c) Passports issued on or after 26 October 2005 will need to have a biometric identifier in order for the holder to travel visa free under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). Machine-readable passports issued between 26 October 2005 and 25 October 2006 require a digital photograph printed on the data page or an integrated chip with information from the data page. Machine-readable passports issued on or after 26 October 2006 will require an integrated chip with information from the data page (e-passport).
The US has announced new measures that require all travellers to provide details online 72 hours prior to travel.
ESTA: The Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) came into force on 12 January 2009. It is a fully automated, electronic system for screening passengers before they begin travel to the United States under the Visa Waiver Program. ESTA applications must be submitted at least 72 hours before travel to the USA. Some websites may charge you for the service but you can apply online for free at www.dhs.gov. The granting of an ESTA does not guarantee entry to the USA.
New Requirements for Travellers: As of 23 January 2007 all persons, including US citizens, travelling by air between the USA and Canada, Central and South America, the Caribbean and Bermuda are required to present a valid passport, or other approved document, when entering or re-entering the USA. Similar requirements for those travelling by land or sea will be introduced on 1 June 2009.
For further details about the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, visit the website of the US Department of State: (website: http://travel.state.gov/travel/cbpmc/cbpmc_2223.html).
Not required by nationals referred to in the chart above for stays of up to 90 days except:
1. nationals of Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Hungary, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania and Slovak Republic, who do require a visa.
Visa Note
(a) Landed Immigrants of Canada and British residents of Bermuda who are citizens of, and have valid passports from, Commonwealth countries or Ireland are not eligible to enter the USA without a visa. (b) All passengers using US airports for transit purposes are required to obtain a transit visa. This does not affect qualified travellers travelling visa free under the Visa Waiver Program. (d) To qualify for visa-free travel under the Visa Waiver Program, nationals must travel on a valid passport, for holiday, transit or business purposes only and for a stay not exceeding 90 days. (e) Passengers must have the full address and ZIP code of where they are staying in the USA to be able to fully complete the I-94W form. Note: Airlines are also required to collect passenger details, including the address of their first night's accommodation in the USA, before they board the aircraft. (f) 2. Holders of UK passports with the endorsement British Subject, British Dependent Territories Citizen, British Protected Person, British Overseas Citizen or British National (Overseas) Citizen do not qualify for the Visa Waiver Program. A passport which states holder has right of abode or indefinite leave to remain in the UK does not qualify for visa free travel. (g) A visa does not expire with the expiry of the holder's passport. An unexpired, endorsed visa in an expired passport may be presented for entry into the USA, as long as the visa itself has not been cancelled, is undamaged, is less than 10 years old and is presented with a valid non-expired passport, provided that both passports are for the same nationality. (h) Nationals of countries not referred to in the chart above are advised to contact the embassy to check visa requirements (see Contact Addresses).
Types of Visa and Cost
Tourist, Business, Transit and Student: US$131.
Visas may be used for travel to the USA until the date it expires. Some visas are valid for multiple entries. The length of stay in the USA is determined by US immigration officials at the time of entry but is generally six months; there is, however, no set time.
Applications to:
Embassy or consulate (see Contact Addresses).
Working Days Required
Usually five after interview. Some cases may take up to 12 weeks – check with embassy/consulate.
Passport Required?
Other EU
Visa Required?
Other EU
Return Ticket Required?
Other EU


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The median home value in Gaylesville, AL is $117,000.
This is
higher than
the county median home value of $96,500.
The national median home value is $185,800.
The average price of homes sold in Gaylesville, AL is $117,000.
Approximately 72.29% of Gaylesville homes are owned,
compared to 13.25% rented, while
14.46% are vacant.
Gaylesville real estate listings include condos, townhomes, and single family homes for sale.
Commercial properties are also available.
If you see a property you're interested in, contact a Gaylesville real estate agent to arrange a tour today!
Learn more about Gaylesville Real Estate.


text: Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - Your first day Get TEFL Certified & Start Your Adventure Today! Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in Your first day Goto page Previous 1, 2 Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Newbie Forum View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message arioch36Joined: 21 Jan 2003Posts: 3589 Posted: Tue Aug 12, 2003 1:16 am Post subject: Capergirl, Thanx for reminding me again why I am so gald to teach for less in China. In China, I have never had the admin tell me how to teach a class. I guess for some that can be scary, but for me it is liberating. Sometimes I have not even had the book for the first day of class. Ino longer try to teach anything on the first day (I mean come on, in the US at least, first day of a college class, you know it will be short) So I try to introduce myself as quickly as possible, show them my pictures,and then have the students ask me questions so I know their level. I have every one fill out their name on my class roster sheet. The school will hand me something with Chinese symbols that I can't read. They put their English name, Chinese name in Pinyin and characters. I never play games the first day becuase I want it to be something we do as a break from more "serious" studying", not something they always expect. And I'll give them some homework for the next week. A good two hour class. We will have to argue about names on a separate thread. But, Names are a big part of identity and culture. Ever hear of the book "How to win friends and Influence people"? If you notice flamers, they often use bad names when attacking other people. Names are important. They should understand how names are used, and how to pronounce them (Do you like it if someone always mispronounces your name?) Doesn't matter if they like their stupid English name...a teacher's job is to insist they learn and speak proper English, not to allow them to continue doing things the wrong way. Don't know what country you are headed for, but if you can learn the Chinese names of 300-400 students...my hat is off to you. When I call a student by their english name, they are very happy that I have learned their name. Of course, if I can do it in Chinese, then they really feel good about themselves Back to top SweetOneJoined: 19 Jul 2003Posts: 109 Posted: Tue Aug 12, 2003 2:36 am Post subject: Arioch: I notice you used the term "flamers" in your post. I have seen that a lot in this forum, but don't think I understand the meaning. Please, explain. On topic: Thank you for the words of wisdom and experience. Some of these posts have been somewhat scary, downright hysterical and full of helpful insights. So, I guess, it's to all that I say a big THANK YOU! Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Newbie Forum All times are GMTGoto page Previous 1, 2 Page 2 of 2 Jump to: Select a forum Where to Begin----------------General DiscussionNewbie ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumOnline Teaching Forum Africa Forums----------------General Africa Forum Asia Forums----------------CambodiaChina (Job-related Posts Only)China (Off-Topic)Hong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaPhilippinesSingaporeTaiwanThailandGeneral Asia ForumVietnam Caribbean Forums----------------General Caribbean Forum Europe Forums----------------Czech RepublicFranceGermanyGreeceItalyMacedonia and the BalkansPolandRomaniaRussia & C.I.S.SpainTurkeyUkraineUnited KingdomGeneral Europe Forum Latin America Forums----------------ArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaMexicoMexico (off-topic)PeruGeneral Latin America Forum The Middle East Forums----------------BahrainEgyptIsraelKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesGeneral Middle East Forum North America Forums----------------General North America Forum Oceania----------------Australia/New Zealand You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Contact Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2018 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group Teaching Jobs in China


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We've Got Our Eye On This Covetable Denim Collaboration
There's no question that printed denim is enjoying its heyday right now, and Peter Som x Earnest Sewn's recent collaboration is only further fuelling our obsession with the trend. After all, when you mix the designer's refined, ladylike designs with the denim label's expertise, the results are a surefire hit. Their capsule collection of limited-edition denim essentials is entirely covetable, from the soft, feminine palette (think: blush pinks and mint greens) to the cool, modern silhouettes (like Bermuda-style shorts and slouchy trousers). Several styles were featured as part of Som's S/S 13 runway collection (prices range from $220-$385, available by special order at 212.242.3414), so read on for a few of our favourite pieces.
Baggy Shorts ($255) in Mist Floral Mint
Energize the understated garden print of these shorts with a vibrant silk top and wedge heels.
Baggy Shorts ($255) in Lilac Floral Pink
The loose shape of these shorts gives your look a laid-back feel, so add a touch of polish with a button-down and pointy-toe shoes.
Ginger Skinny Jeans ($285) in Lilac Floral Pink
Instead of basic blue jeans, consider these skinnies your new go-to. The sweet pink hue pairs perfectly with all of the season's on-trend pastel sweaters.
Trousers ($350) in Mist Floral Mint
Balance out the relaxed fit of these printed trousers with a fitted top. It's the perfect ensemble for a weekend getaway or ladies' brunch.


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5 Questions With Designer Sue Wong
Insights and inspiration from the gal behind the gowns.
Psst. Hey there, gossip queen. We know how much you love glam gab, so here's a piece of shop talk that you'll definitely want to mouth off on.
We caught up with rags-to-riches, high-end gown designer Sue Wong to shoot the breeze about business, fashion and her advice for fellow designers. A first-generation Chinese immigrant, Wong put her money where her mouth was with a flourishing fashion brand that is sold in stores such as Neiman Marcus and worn by celebs that include Anne Hathaway, Julia Roberts and Taylor Swift. Her romantic creations get people talking, but it's her experience as a female businesswoman and uncompromising creative force that really speaks volumes.
How's that for some juicy chic-chat?
Visit suewong.com for Wong's latest designs.
On her style:
I've created a very unique, one-of-a-kind "Sue Wong" look, inspired by the glamour of old Hollywood's Golden era. I invest my design philosophy and mantra of beauty, magic and transformation into each and every one of my gowns, with each one transforming the wearer into a beautiful goddess. I create couture looks that are unique works of art with impeccable workmanship at pret-a-porter prices.
On her philosophy:
Money can certainly buy you luxuries and make things easier, but the crucial success is the internal one—about how successful you are as a human being and in how you navigate through your universe with the utmost integrity and honor.
Also, always perceive life and your journey as a limitless ceiling. Never allow concepts or your perceptions to stunt what could be.
On what makes a successful businesswoman:
Self belief is the greatest blessing and weapon to achieve your goal and actualize your dreams. That's why I took the risk and put everything I had in my life into my goal, twice. The first time, I failed miserably and the second time took 14 years of blood, sweat and tears in order to succeed. The quality of one's work is a direct reflection of one's energy, and reveals who one truly is.
People often tell me how lucky I am. I remind them that luck had nothing to do with it. I was determined to make it.
On creativity:
Creatively, I never compare myself to anyone else. Each and every one of us has his/her journey. People constantly ask me who/which designer I follow or draw inspiration from and to be honest, I don't follow anyone. I have created my very own unique look and voice, which is incomparable to others because it is my design philosophy and visual sensibilities steeped in mythology and the here and now.
Her advice for designers:
Do not compromise on your vision. Do not allow others to derail, nor undermine your commitment and clarity and the clarity of your vision. Be true to the essence of the overall design and to yourself. Never allow other people to limit your possibilities by accepting the projections of their own limitations onto yourself. Never feel simply satisfied at any given moment in your journey: You're a work in progress. Make sure you can take lots of criticism and grow from it.


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Marijuana Doctors
Need to speak with a licensed medical marijuana doctor? Looking for an MMJ Clinic in Colorado Springs or Pueblo? We can help.
Amendment 64!
With the passage of A64, adults over 21 can now grow their own marijuana without a doctor's permit. Stay informed and read our A64 news blogs!


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Skip hire Manchester
UNFORTUNATELY WE DON'T CURRENTLY OFFER SKIP HIRE IN Manchester.
If you wish to be notified of new skip hire services in Manchester when they become available, please fill out the 'register for area alert' form.
Salford Skip Hire M5 Claremont Skip Hire M6 Old Trafford Skip Hire M16 Middleton Skip Hire M24 Newton Heath Skip Hire M40
Proskips is a leading skip hire company. We offer skip hire to both private customers and businesses across much of the UK, but focus on the North West area.
Based in Raynes Park, London, we have depots in and around the M1 area, which gives us unrivalled coverage for all your skip hire needs.
We have a range of skip sizes available for hire, from four yards to 16 yards. For further information about the size and capacity of skip you need, please get in touch.
Our competitively-priced skip hire service and experienced team have made us the skip hire company of choice in the UK. Working with homeowners, small builders and larger construction firms, our aim is always to meet and exceed your service expectations.
In addition to skip hire, we offer a waste management and recycling service. Our work in this sector led to us being named 'Construction Recycler of The Year 2009-2010' at the National Recycling Awards. Proskips is part of Prowaste Management Services, and we adhere to the recycling standards set out by the company. We are also a proud supporter of the Halving Waste to Landfill scheme. Our commitment to recycling and safe waste disposal gives our customers peace of mind that all waste will be dealt with responsibly.
Our Manchester waste recycling and skip hire service secured investment from Deborah Meaden and Duncan Bannatyne of BBC Two's Dragons' Den.
Even though we don't currently offer skip hire in Manchester, we do operate a skip hire service in the nearby areas of Salford, Claremont, Old Trafford, Middleton and Newton Heath.
Read more in our blog
Concrete facts about recycling
Concrete is the second most consumed material after water and it shapes our built environment. In fact, twice as much concrete is used in construction around the world than the total of all other building materials, including wood, steel, plastic and aluminium. The Romans first invented what today we call hydraulic cement-based concrete. They built numerous concrete structures, including the Pantheon in Rome, one of the finest examples of Roman architecture that survives to this day. While the longevity of the material is undoubted, every construction project that involves…
Election could put brakes on housebuilding
The general election is casting a shadow over prospects for growth in the construction industry. A 5.5% growth in construction output this year will be driven by private housing, commercial property and infrastructure work, according to the Construction Products Association. But private house building is likely to be vulnerable to uncertainty regarding government policy such as Help to Buy. CPA economics director Noble Francis forecasts that a 10% rise in housebuilding this year will shrink to a 3% increase in 2017. The CPA also says construction output in all sectors …
West End Skip Hire for Selfridges
Proskips were selected as a the skip hire provider for selfridges during recent minor refurbishment project. We love the store already and enjoyed knowing that our skip hire in west end service could help one of the leading retail brands in the UK and possibly the world. It a shame they didnt pay us in vouchers! For any skip hire in oxford street or other busy pedestrian areas in London we have the best wait and load services in london. For wait and load skips in london call the team


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Dynamics on the Nanoscale: Time-domain ab initio studies of quantum dots, carbon nanotubes and molecule-semiconductor interfaces
Published on
Device miniaturization requires an understanding of the dynamical response of materials on the nanometer scale. A great deal of experimental and theoretical work has been devoted to characterizing the excitation, charge, spin, and vibrational dynamics in a variety of novel materials, including carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, conducting polymers, inorganic semiconductors and molecular chromophores. We have developed state-of-the-art non-adiabatic molecular dynamics techniques and implemented them within time-dependent density functional theory in order to model the ultrafast photoinduced processes in these materials at the atomistic level, and in real time.
The electron-phonon interactions in carbon nanotubes (CNT) determine the response times of optical switches and logic gates, the extent of heating and energy loss in CNT wires and field-effect transistors, and even a superconductivity mechanism. Our ab initio studies of CNTs directly mimic the experimental data and reveal a number of unexpected features, including the fast intrinsic intraband relaxation and electron-hole recombination, the importance of defects, the dependence of the relaxation rate on the excitation energy and intensity, and a detailed understanding of the role of active phonon modes.
Quantum dots (QD) are quasi-zero dimensional structures with a unique combination of molecular and bulk properties. As a result, QDs exhibit new physical properties such as carrier multiplication, which has the potential to greatly increase the efficiency of solar cells. The electron-phonon and Auger relaxation in QDs compete with carrier multiplication. Our detailed studies of the competing processes in PbSe QDs rationalize why carrier multiplication was first observed in this material.
Electron transfer across molecular/bulk interfaces is the subject of active research, creating many challenges due to the stark differences between the quantum states of molecules and periodic systems, as well as the often disparate sets of theories and experimental tools used by chemists and physicists. Charge transport across the interface remains is a key to such fields as molecular electronics, photo-catalysis, electrolysis, and photo-voltaics. The theoretical studies provide an exclusive perspective on the photoinduced interfacial transfer dynamics.
Our real-time atomistic simulations create a detailed picture of these materials, allow us to compare and contrast their properties, and provide a unifying description of quantum dynamics on the nanometer scale.
Professor, Department of Chemistry
University of Washington
1991, Diploma, Kharkov State University, Ukraine
1997, Ph.D., University of Texas, Austin, TX
Sponsored by
Cite this work
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
NCN at Northwestern University
Northwestern University


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I just returned from a pretty fabulous few days in New York. I always get a good shot of inspiration when I visit – but with springtime weather in February, it's hard not to feel totally recharged.
Now, seriously Toronto…what's with the snow?
Anyhow, I digress. As always, I was on the lookout for great design finds. I surprisingly didn't find that much interior related stuff to talk about – aside from the stools shown below – but here's a random sampling of things that caught my eye:
Seating by Sawkille
I spotted these really lovely stools by designer Jonah Meyer of Sawkille Co. at Matter. You've probably seen these types of stools in loads of country homes, but these pieces have just a little extra something to make them seriously special. I loved the tapered edges on the seat and the overall proportions.
Aside from Matter, I spotted some nice pieces at Ochre and Wyeth, but have not much else to report on the design side of things. Strange, I know. But there you have it.
High Line & Low Line
What did get me going, though, as always, was the High Line (abandoned train tracks converting into a park / walkway – for those that have never been). Honestly, I spent most of my time in the city just wandering. I walked and walked. My feet are still sore, but I couldn't care less. The High Line is such a treat – not only is it beautifully designed, but it gives you a totally new perspective of the city. Amazing!
Photos via Iwan Baan and Archdaily
Now, there's talk of developing the Low Line in the Lower East Side. Yup – an underground park in an abandoned trolley car station. I actually got an email on this very subject from GOOD just yesterday. Even if this project doesn't go through (although I suspect and hope it will), this type of idea will get the rest of the world thinking in a total new way about public space – which is completely fantastic.
Photos courtesy of Delancey Underground
Aesop NYC
Aside from sore feet, my only other casualty while away was super dry skin. Guess it was a mix of pollution, dry weather, hours spent outside…my hands felt like leather. Thankfully I found Aesop in Nolita. Great packaging, sleek modern store design, and the most insanely lovely hand cream I've tried in years. Wish I hadn't brought carry-on only, because I would have loaded up on product.
Photos via Super Future.
Adeline Adeline
Otherwise, my last take-away from this trip was the one I'm most excited about. While walking through Tribeca I spotted this totally eye-catching store called Adeline Adeline. Of course I peeked in the window as soon as I spotted a beautifully designed space filled with amazing looking bikes. The store was, sadly, closed. But I happened to chat with a woman on the street who was riding one of their bikes and decided that on my next visit, I will need to stop by.
I want to get a bike where I can take my kids with me. I don't like the idea of having them on the back or front of my seat, those carriages that drag behind sort of freak me out, but when I saw this woman in SoHo riding along with her son in the front, I knew I'd found my next ride! The price is steep, but think about all the cab and parking fares that you'll save.
So there you have it. Back to work, back to reality. But it's all good. I missed my kids like crazy and am happy to be home! Now I just need to clear the fog from my head and get back into things…
Tags: Adeline Adeline, Aesop NYC, Aesop skincare, High Line, Jonah Meyer, Low Line, NYC inspiration, Ochre, Sawkille


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Baseball Makes Quick Work of UL-Lafayette, 11-2
Communications Sr. Associate
LAFAYETTE, La. - Fourth-ranked LSU (7-1) won its first road game of the season Tuesday night, defeating Louisiana-Lafayette (7-2) by a score of 11-2 in front of a sellout crowd at Moore Field.
LSU, which defeated Southeastern Louisiana, 13-1, on Sunday has produced 24 runs on 33 hits in its last two outings.
"I'm extremely proud and encouraged by our team's performance, especially playing on the road for the first time this season," said LSU coach Paul Mainieri. "(LSU starter) Cody Glenn was magnificent on the mound, and he set the tone with an tremendous outing. I thought we were aggressive at the plate the entire night and demonstrated how productive we can be throughout the lineup. It was an excellent overall effort by our club in a challenging environment."
The Tigers came out swinging, scoring two runs when designated hitter Alex Edward produced an RBI grounde and first baseman Mason Katz scored on an ULL infield error.
The Tigers increased their lead to 5-0 with a three-run home run from freshman shortstop Alex Bregman, the first home run of his collegiate career. Bregman went on to finish 2-for-5 with four RBI.
A perfectly placed RBI bunt in the fourth inning from catcher Ty Ross increased the LSU lead to 6-0.
In the fifth inning the Tigers continued their success at the plate with a two-RBI triple from designated hitter Tyler Moore, who finished 3-for-4 with three runs batted in after pinch hitting for Edward in the fourth.
Glenn (1-0), a sophomore, left-hander, earned the win with a stellar performance on the mound, throwing seven shutout innings while allowing three hits and recording one strikeout.
Louisiana-Lafayette starter Kody Smith (0-1) suffered the loss, allowing five runs in 2.1 innings.
LSU reliever Nick Rumbelow worked a scoreless eighth inning, giving up one hit in his season debut after fighting back from a pulled oblique muscle suffered earlier in the season.
LSU 11, Louisiana-Lafayette 2 (Feb 26, 2013 at Lafayette, La.)
Louisiana-Lafayette. 000 000 002 - 2 7 1 (7-2)
Pitchers: LSU - Cody Glenn; Nick Rumbelow(8); Joey Bourgeois(9) and Ty Ross; Michael Barash.
Louisiana-Lafayette - Smith, Kody; Plitt, Matt(3); Cockrell, Cord(5); Carter, Ben(9) and Strentz, Michael.
Win-Cody Glenn(1-0) Loss-Smith, Kody(0-1) T-2:17 A-3790
HR LSU - Alex Bregman (1).


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AnnaLee Suicide — Today's SuicideGirl
Meet AnnaLee – a 28-year-old bookworm who's addicted to expensive chocolate and loves listening to 80′s heavy metal power ballads and the 'Blade Runner' soundtrack. Unlike that movie's ending, moments with her are anything but "tears in the rain".
Name: AnnaLee Suicide
Age: 28
Stats: 5'4", small
Fantasy: A responsible world. For all living things to have a fair chance at life. An end to prejudice and greed. My family to be happy. To live by the sea and grow all my own food and be in peace away from most people. To visit Russia, India and Japan and everywhere in between but always have a nest to come back to.
Makes me happy: Orson Welles' voice, lochs, rivers and anything wet and unusual encounters with other creatures.
Vices: Book buying. That's probably not too unhealthy. I'm also addicted to expensive chocolate. That is ever so slightly unhealthy.
SuicideGirls is a community that celebrates alternative beauty and alternative culture from all over the world. Since 2001, tens of thousands of models have submitted millions of photos to their website hoping to becomeSuicideGirls.