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Negative Residual Variance
Mplus Discussion
Structural Equation Modeling
posted on Thursday, January 20, 2005 - 12:18 pm
I have been working in Mplus on several two-level structural equation models, and sometimes the residual variance of my observed dependent variables is negative. The model fits are high, but I am not sure how to interpret or fix these rv's so they are no longer negative. Please advise. Thank you.
posted on Thursday, January 20, 2005 - 7:57 pm
If the negative residual variances are large, this is a sign that your model is not appropriate for your data and you need to change your model. If they are small, you may want to fix them to zero. Residual variance are often small on the between level of multilevel models.
posted on Sunday, November 27, 2005 - 3:14 am
hi i am a new user of SEM and also face the similar problem. what are the causes of negative residual variance? i mean how inappropriateness of the model would cause this problem but not reflecting on the model-fit indices. i want to ignore it (simply delete it), is there any guideline or significant level of the value so that it would be comfortable to do this?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Sunday, November 27, 2005 - 2:41 pm
there is too much to say on this topic and checking books is helpful. - in sum, reasons for neg vars include small sample size (so neg est even if pop value is pos), model misspecification, and very skewed variables (floor effects). also see my other answer today.
Grainne Cousins
posted on Monday, March 31, 2008 - 9:10 am
Could you advise me on the following problem, please?
Using CFA, I established discriminant validity between 6 latent variables (x1-x6). Then using SEM, I regressed y1, a latent variable with 3 continuous indicators on x1-x6. The model fit very well.
However, on addtion of a final path, regressing u1 a binary observed variable on y1, I received a warning that the residual covariance matrix is not positive definite.On inspection of the results, I realised there was a negative residual on one of the indicators of y1, and the model fit indices are very poor. What should I do? I tried dichotomising y1, as the indicators are negatively skewed but the model fit is worse.
I would be greatful for any advice.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, March 31, 2008 - 10:15 am
Please send your input, data, output, and license number to
Dorothee Durpoix
posted on Saturday, April 04, 2009 - 10:17 pm
Is it possible to constrain residual variance of outcome variables to be greater than or equal to zero in Mplus (rather that only equal to zero)? If yes, could you please state how?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Sunday, April 05, 2009 - 9:40 am
You can use MODEL CONSTRAINT to constrain them to be greater than zero, for example,
0 < p2;
Dorothee Durpoix
posted on Monday, April 06, 2009 - 3:51 pm
Hello Linda,
I found a negative error variance for one of my ordinal outcomes (estimator WLSMV), and i'd like to test the inequality H0: error variance is greater than or equal to zero using the Wald test. Is it possible in Mplus?
Thank you very much in advance.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Monday, April 06, 2009 - 6:02 pm
I don't know what your model is, but unless you have a longitudinal or multi-group situation, the residual variances for ordinal outcomes are not free parameters. They are printed as remainders when requesting a standardized solution - perhaps that's where you see the negative value. So since they are functions of other parameters, you cannot do a test on them in a straightforward fashion.
If you for instance consider a single factor and no covariates (in a cross-sectional, single-group, the residual variance remainder is theta,
theta = 1 - lambda*lambda* psi
so you would have to do the Wald test on the new parameter theta (testing against = 0, not > 0).
Dorothee Durpoix
posted on Monday, April 06, 2009 - 6:40 pm
Thanks Bengt for your answer. I indeed saw the negative residual variance doing ESEM with WLSMV and Delta parameterization on 2-factor model described by a total of 5 ordinal data.
1. But, if one uses the Theta param., the residuals should be the free parameters, shouldn't they? In this case, the Wald test could be directly used on the residual?
2. About the Wald test, I was wondering if it was possible to do a one-sided test of H0: residual >= 0 (as opposed to the two-sided test H0: residual=0), as it is suggested in the article of Kolenikov & Bollen "Testing negative error variances: is a Heywood case a symptom of misspecification?"
Hope these questions make sense!
Thank you very much for your help.
Tihomir Asparouhov
posted on Tuesday, April 07, 2009 - 9:41 pm
1. With the theta parameterization the residual variance is fixed to 1 (unless you have multiple group situation) - so in a way this is giving you residual variance > 0 condition. The residual variance is not a free parameter because it is still not identified so it has to be fixed to a value that determines the parameterization. For the theta parameterization that value is 1.
2. In principle yes - this amounts to dividing the p-value you get by 2, but again with the theta parameterization you can not do this at all because the residual variance is fixed to one. In the delta parameterization you can do this using the method Bengt outlined above, i.e., by making a new parameter in model constraints that is equal to the residual variance parameter. The residual variance parameter in the model is not really a regular parameter - it is a dependent constrained parameter that you can not access directly so you have to make your own duplicate of it.
posted on Saturday, February 13, 2010 - 12:29 am
I have a question concerning the residual variance provided in the standardized model results for categorical outcomes. Since this is a standardized solution, then are the residual variances listed standardized residual variances or are they unstandardized? Furthermore, if they are standardized then how exactly does one obtain the unstandardized residual variances (Is it similar to what it would be in regular regression?). Thanks.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Saturday, February 13, 2010 - 9:43 am
I think you are asking about the residual variances that are printed with R-square. These are raw coefficients that are computed as a remainder from the model estimated results. They are not estimated as part of the model. Categorical outcomes do not have variance parameters.
posted on Saturday, February 13, 2010 - 10:32 am
To better clarify my question, I was referring to the residual variances that are provided using Theta parameterization (WLSMV estimation) with categorical data, where standardized model results can be requested. As part of the standardized output, residual variances are given along with each item's R^2.
Thus I was wondering whether the residual variance is standardized since it is part of the standardized model output, or whether it is an unstandardized estimate.
If it is in fact a standardized residual variance, I also wanted to know if an unstandardized estimate could be obtained or calculated by hand. Thank you for your response.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Saturday, February 13, 2010 - 10:59 am
With the Theta parameterization, scale factors are given with R-square. If you have further questions about this, please send the full output as an attachment and your license number to
posted on Saturday, February 13, 2010 - 11:37 am
Yes, I apologize for the confusion. I believe I mistook the scale factors from Theta parameterization for the residual variances provided in delta parameterization.
posted on Saturday, February 13, 2010 - 1:40 pm
Given the previous question I am also curious as to whether the residual variances given for delta parameterization are standardized or unstandardized, as theta parameterization was said to provide scale factors and not residual variances...Is this correct?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Saturday, February 13, 2010 - 2:05 pm
Neither the scale factors or residual variances presented with R-square are standardized.
Hemant Kher
posted on Thursday, April 21, 2011 - 8:04 am
Hello Professor Muthen,
I have a question, and I hope that you can provide some insights. My question is related to a multiple-indicator latent curve model. Using the CFA approach, I estimate a latent construct for 4 different time points (factors F1, F2, F3 and F4 -- each estimated using the same 4 items). I followed directions to establish measurement invariance (same scale indicator at each time, loadings for non-scale items constrained equal across time, and equal intercepts for non-scale items). The model with CFA works fine with a good fit.
However, when I fit a growth model on the factors, I get a negative residual variance for the first factor (F1); the residual variance is small and statistically insignificant (-0.026, Z=-0.354, p=0.723). When I fix this residual variance for F1 to zero (
;), the change in model fit is negligible and not statistically significant. But I am not sure if doing this (setting factor residual variance to zero) is reasonable. Your thoughts at your convenience would be appreciated.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, April 21, 2011 - 8:18 am
Negative residual variances typically reflect a mis-specified model. For instance, perhaps a non-linear growth model is more suitable.
Also, instead of fixing the residual variance at zero, you could try holding them equal across time.
Hemant Kher
posted on Thursday, April 21, 2011 - 8:26 am
Professor Muthen -- Thank you for a quick response.
Holding the factor residual variances equal across over time has solved the problem.
posted on Monday, January 14, 2013 - 1:14 am
I have a question, regarding a neg. residual variance. There was a post:
"If the negative residual variances are large, this is a sign that your model is not appropriate for your data and you need to change your model. If they are small, you may want to fix them to zero. Residual variance are often small on the between level of multilevel models."
What is considered as a large/small negative variance? I have a neg. residual variance of -,083. Can i fix it to zero?
Thank you!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, January 14, 2013 - 10:31 am
Try fixing it to zero and see how this affects the results.
Johannes Bauer
posted on Friday, June 27, 2014 - 12:02 am
There seem to be two approaches of handling negative residual variances: The first is to fix the residual variance to 0 or a small positive value. The second one is to use the 'model constraint' to constrain the variance to be greater than zero. These approaches seem to be different because the first one delivers an additional degree of freedom wheras the second does not.
So I am wondering which approach you consider more appropriate and why.
Many thanks
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Friday, June 27, 2014 - 11:05 am
It is common practice to fix small insignificant negative residual variances to zero or constrain them to be greater than zero. These approaches are basically the same. Neither are optimal. A better choice is to change to model.
Linh Nguyen
posted on Saturday, July 19, 2014 - 9:31 pm
Hello Linda
I am also having the negative residual variance problem with my measurement and structural models.
The problem is at the second-order construct which has only 2 firt-order indicators. So when I run CFA for this second-order construct, it is unidentified (My sample size is 364). So I have set the factor's loadings to be equal (Tau equivalence) in order to run CFA and validate the construct individually. The CFA model fits very well then with an insignificant Chi-squared, CFI =.995, RMSEA =.04, SRMR =.02. The overall measurement model (with 5 other constructs, 32 observed variables) is also adequately fit.
In my structural model, if I did not set the factor loading of the above construct to be equal, I would get 1 negative residual variance (from the above construct's indicator). The negative residual variance was -.017, insignificant. If I continued to employ Tau-equivalence assumptions, the model would be fine. Can I set the construct's factor loadings to be equal like in the CFA model for my structural model to solve the problem?
Thank you very much!
I am looking forwards to hearing from you
Kind regards
Linh Nguyen
posted on Saturday, July 19, 2014 - 10:35 pm
With regard to the mentioned second-order construct, eventhough it has 2 first-order indicators, each first-order indicator has 3 observed variables.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Sunday, July 20, 2014 - 7:42 am
I would use the CFA model of equal loadings in the SEM model.
Linh Nguyen
posted on Monday, July 28, 2014 - 7:30 pm
Hi Linda
Thanks so much for your quick response! It really helps. Sorry for my late reply cause I could not post any message on the website until now.
I am writing up my analysis, just wondering if you can give me some references for using the CFA model of equal loadings in the structural model? I have been searching for journal articles about the issue but could not find the proper one.
Thank you
Kind regards
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, July 29, 2014 - 6:02 am
I don't know of any reference. A model with two second-order factors is not identified unless you make some constraint like equal loadings. Ideally you would have more second-order factors so this is not necessary.
Linh Nguyen
posted on Tuesday, July 29, 2014 - 6:52 pm
Thanks Linda
Ted Fong
posted on Friday, August 01, 2014 - 2:12 am
Dear Dr. Muth�n,
I understand that a 2nd-order factor model with just two first-order factors is typically unidentified. When the model is made identified with a model constraint such as equal loadings on the 2nd-order factor, this model should have the same df as the two-factor correlated model.
My question is: is it possible for an identified 2nd-order factor model with two first-order factors to have a lower df than the two-factor correlated model? I have recently come across a paper where the former model has 2 df fewer than the latter one.
Thanks very much,
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Friday, August 01, 2014 - 10:47 am
This question is better suited for a general discussion forum like SEMNET.
Alyssa Thomas
posted on Monday, August 04, 2014 - 8:21 pm
Hi Dr Muthen-
I am running a full structural equation model (with categorical outcome) and am having trouble.
While it runs and is terminated normally, I still get the error message about a negative residual variance:
After reading online I fixed the residual variance to 0 (
) , but am still getting this error message.
Am I able to still use the estimates provided or is there something else I can do to fix this problem? Although having it fixed @0 means I do not have estimates for two correlations involving this variable.
This is the starting model so I want to make sure there are no issues before I modify it. I have run CFA on all independent variables before running the full model and there were no problems with this variable.
Thanks in advance for your assistance
Alyssa Thomas
posted on Monday, August 04, 2014 - 8:27 pm
I should add that my sample size is only 320 but that has not been a problem for several other models (including one similar) that use this variable.
Does this mean that this issue is caused by the addition of one latent variable and one observed variable (that does not correlate with the variable in question)?
Sorry about the second post.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, August 05, 2014 - 5:55 am
Please send the output and your license number to
. Be sure to include TECH4.
Linda Lin
posted on Tuesday, March 10, 2015 - 3:04 pm
Can you provide how Mplus decompose the total outcome variance and calculate the level 2 residual variance?
I tried to demonstrate as below:
the total variance of outcome variable can be decomposed as [ level-1 residual variance ]+ [level-1 explained variance] + [level 2 residual variance] + [level-2 explained variance].
That is, for example
usevariables are class x y;
Analysis: type=twolevel;
y on x (a);
y (b);
x (c);
y (d);
y on x (a);
I expect that total Var(y)should=b+ c*a^2 + d + e*a^2. But I found that the formula I used here can not get the accurate total variance of Y.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, March 11, 2015 - 6:25 pm
I don't know if you compare your formula to the total variance in the sample or the model-estimated total variance. If you don't have perfect fit, those two are different.
The formula is correct.
You use the label "a" on both levels - is that what you intend?
If this doesn't help, send output to
along with your license number.
Linda Lin
posted on Wednesday, March 11, 2015 - 7:12 pm
Thanks for your answer, Dr. Muthen.
For clarifying my question above:
1) I intend to constrain the coefficients to be same across both levels.
2) I compared the total variance estimated from below model with the total variance estimated from the above model.
usevariables are class y;
Analysis: type=twolevel;
y (e);
y (f);
total variance = e+f. I expected the total variances are the same. Is this e+f the sample variance you mentioned?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, March 12, 2015 - 1:54 pm
e+f is the model-estimated total variance that I referred to. Your first model was
y on x (a);
y (b);
x (c);
y (d);
y on x (a);
But because you have an equality constraint
"a", you won't necessarily get the same total variance - the equality may not hold. Try it without the equality.
Sanne Korneev
posted on Monday, October 12, 2015 - 2:45 am
Dear Linda or Bengt,
I am fitting a two-level factor model with WLSMV on binary data, and I would like to report the within-level residual variance, although they are not free parameters. Can I calculate them as 1 - lambdawithin^2 * phiwithin? Or are the residual variances at the within-level fixed at 1 like in the theta-parameterization?
Thanks in advance,
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, October 12, 2015 - 10:25 am
If you ask for STANDARDIZED in the OUTPUT command, you will obtain residual variances which are computed as remainders. It is at the end of the standardized output with R-square.
Sanne Korneev
posted on Monday, October 12, 2015 - 10:42 pm
Dear Linda,
Thanks for pointing me to this output. I do not see the residual variances, but I do get scale factors, which are 1/sd(underlying response variable) if I understand correctly.
I then calculated the total variance as 1 / scale factor^2, and the residual variances as total variance - explained variance. The result is around 1 for all variables: 1.002 1.002 1.000 1.001 1.003 0.997 0.999 0.998 1.001. This gives the impression that the residual variances are effectively constrained to be 1, and the small deviations that I find are due to rounding error. Could that be correct? Because then I will just report (unstandardized) residual variances of 1.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, October 14, 2015 - 2:13 pm
Yes, the residual variances are fixed at 1 because the Theta parameterization is used for 2-level WLSMV.
Sanne Korneev
posted on Thursday, October 15, 2015 - 9:44 pm
Thank you very much!
Mahmoud A. Moussa
posted on Wednesday, December 09, 2015 - 8:08 pm
What is considered as a large/small negative variance? I have a neg. residual variance
Can i fix it to zero? and how?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, December 10, 2015 - 2:36 pm
You say
No rules of thumb, but if fixing it at zero didn't change the fit very much then it wasn't big.
Bo Y
posted on Monday, February 08, 2016 - 2:32 am
Hi Drs. Muthen,
Similar to the above questions, I ran into the warning msg when I did a cross-lagged model. The model fit index seems acceptable after modification. I have a relatively small sample size 102 for wave one and 80 for second wave.
DCI23 is an important observed variable in this model. Is there a technique that I could apply to fix this?
Thank you very much!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, February 08, 2016 - 8:32 am
No way to change this without changing the model. If fit didn't change very much as stated above, then fixing it to zero should be okay.
Bo Y
posted on Tuesday, February 09, 2016 - 1:34 am
Thanks a lot, Linda. I would like to make sure I put in the syntax right. Would you please let me know whether the following is OK?
Following your advice, I add one line in MODEL section, which is "
Then the CFI increased a bit from .975 to .976, and TFI increased a little bit too from .960 to .962, but still I got the same WARNING msg below. Do I need to do anything further?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, February 09, 2016 - 9:17 am
Please send the output and your license number to
Jennie Jester
posted on Wednesday, October 26, 2016 - 8:20 am
I am estimating a structural equation model, which has two time points of executive function(EF). The time 2 EF has negative residual variance - I believe it's because the two time points are so highly related.(The standardized output shows that the beta from time 1 EF to time 2 EF is greater than one.) I would like to set the residual variance of time 2 EF to zero. Does it make sense to do that and still use time 2 EF as the dependent variable in a regression? Because my understanding is that a regression equation is predicting variance, so if you set the variance to zero there is nothing to predict.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, October 26, 2016 - 2:32 pm
I would not recommend going in that direction. I assume EF is a factor with several indicators. If so, explore across-time residual correlations for the same indicators. That may reduce the factor correlation.
Elina Thomas
posted on Thursday, March 09, 2017 - 1:21 pm
Hi Drs. Muthen,
I'm running a quadratic latent growth curve model and am getting an error message because there is a negative residual variance for both the slope and quadratic factor. If I restrict the slope and quadratic factor residual variances to 0, the model fit worsens. However, if I restrict the only time point with non-significant residual variance to zero, and restrict the slope to 0- the model fits well and q no longer has a negative residual variance. Is this o.k. for me to do?
Specifically, this is my residual variance output:
Residual Variances
When I restrict
the model fit worsens.
However, if I restrict
the model runs, q no longer has a negative residual variance, and the model fit is better.
Is this o.k. for me to do?
Sorry for my lengthy post, any information is greatly appreciated.
Mplus User
posted on Thursday, January 25, 2018 - 1:58 pm
I tested a 6-factor bifactor model in CFA and detected a negative error variance for one of my observed variables. The value was quite small (-.005) and non-significant, so I followed the advice given on this forum to fix the error variance.
I have 2 questions:
1. Should I fix the error variance to 0 or to a small positive number (e.g., .01), or does it not matter?
2. I hope to compare the model fit of a second-order factor model with a bifactor model (the former is nested within the latter). There are no negative residual errors in the second-order factor model.
If I fix the error variance of the bifactor model, should I also fix the error variance of the second-order model to be consistent?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, January 25, 2018 - 2:16 pm
1. It doesn't matter.
2. I would not fix the residual variance in either model when comparing the two.
Mplus User
posted on Friday, January 26, 2018 - 5:15 am
Thank you!
Kristin Gainey
posted on Wednesday, February 28, 2018 - 3:45 pm
I am conducting a two-level EFA with binary indicators (WLSMV estimator), and some of the solutions include one small, non-significant negative residual variance at the between level (z < |.15|). This occurs even when over-extraction does not appear to be an issue (e.g., only 2 between factors were extracted, and 1 between factor is a poor fit to the data). I would typically fix these small residual variances to zero, but since ESEM is not available with type = twolevel, I do not think that is possible. Is there a way to fix residual variances at the between level to zero in a twolevel EFA? If not, can the resulting solution be interpreted, despite the small negative residual variance? Thank you very much!
Julia Wolke
posted on Wednesday, May 16, 2018 - 1:40 am
I�m trying to run a longitudinal second-order CFA model. my model has 3 latent factors on the first level (each based on 4 indicators) and one second-order-factor. there are two measurement points. I�ve set up the longitudinal model with configural invariance and correlated residuals over time (both for the indicators and the latent first-order factors). and here already occures the problem: psi is not positive definite.
one of the first-order latent factors has a negative residual (at both measurement points) and a loading on the second-order factor >1. the factor is also very high correlated with one of the other latent first-order factors (>.90) at both times. (nevertheless the model fit is quite acceptable.)
I�m not sure how to deal with that. I�ve tried to constrain the residuals to be > 0 as stated above, but that doesn�t work (�unknown parameters�), maybe because it�s a latent variable? when fixing the
, the problem/ warning message remains. I�d be glad to hear any other suggestion what to do now. thanks a lot!
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, May 16, 2018 - 1:31 pm
Check if the model fits well at each time point and shows no such problems.
Julia Wolke
posted on Thursday, May 17, 2018 - 12:42 am
The problem indeed is there at each time point (but both models fit acceptable).
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, May 17, 2018 - 4:35 pm
It sounds like you should revise the model at each time point.
Robert Archer
posted on Thursday, January 10, 2019 - 1:01 pm
Good afternoon Dr. Linda and Bengt Muthen, I was wondering if you could provide the explanation as to what exactly is being done by setting a indicator of a factor equal to one versus setting it equal to zero doing? I want to ensure that If I am doing one versus the other I understand what is being done. Thank you much for your time.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, January 10, 2019 - 3:50 pm
Our Short Course Topic 1 video and handout is a good way to understand the basics of factor analysis and will give insights to these questions.
Pia Kreijkes
posted on Friday, January 25, 2019 - 2:59 am
I ran a higher-order factor (5 first-order factors and one higher-order factor) model that was estimated using ESEM-within-CFA (using results from a first-order model). I first had a large negative residual variance for one of the first-order factors. When I allowed residual variance between two first-order factors, I no longer had this problem but standardised factor correlations exceeded 1. Looking at raw results, the factor correlations are fine. My question thus is whether I can use the raw results even thought the standardised results are problematic.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Friday, January 25, 2019 - 10:52 am
I think the standardized factor correlations that you refer to may instead be residual factor correlations. In any case, neither raw not standardized should have correlations greater than 1. Perhaps it is better to fix the residual variance at zero.
Pia Kreijkes
posted on Saturday, January 26, 2019 - 6:03 am
Thanks for your reply. I'm referring to the standardised output F5 WITH F4 (both first-order factors), which gives me -1.053 when I allow a residual variance between the two. When I look at the raw output, F5 WITH F4 gives me -.833.
When I instead fix the residual variance of F4 to 0 (
), all the residual variances are fine but I get HF BY F4 = 1.041 (HF = higher-order factor). So I assume this also just indicates that my model is not OK and I should probably stick to the first-order model, which had a good fit, right? Can I still report the fit indices for the higher order model despite negative residuals/or correlations greater than 1? Or would I just say that the model does not converge properly?
Thank you.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Saturday, January 26, 2019 - 1:26 pm
If you divide -.833 with the product of the square roots of the F4, F5 residual variances, you would get -1.053.
Q1: right.
Q2: It converges, but you get negative residual variances.
Pia Kreijkes
posted on Wednesday, January 30, 2019 - 6:14 am
Thank you for your last response.
I have another question about negative residual variance, this time in a two-level analysis.
When I perform an EFA with type=twolevel, I get a small negative residual variance on the between level for one item (within level is fine). Is there a way I can fix this to 0? ESEM with type=twolevel does not seem to be available yet. Could I do this in the EFA within a CFA framework instead? Also, my variables are on an ordinal level so I define them as categorical (in case this makes a difference).
Tihomir Asparouhov
posted on Wednesday, January 30, 2019 - 3:58 pm
Yes you can use EFA within CFA and fix the residual variance on the between level to 0, but if it is not significant anyway maybe you don't even need to do that.
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Martha Stewart recommends giving your houseplants a green backdrop to enhance their overall appearance. While it might seem a bit like going overboard, using different shades is the trick to achieving the perfect interior design. Complementing green with green can help create a beautiful appearance.
4. Use unique containers.
One way you can ensure your houseplants are always worth viewing is to keep them in unique containers - who says pots are the only option? Consider various vase shapes and even empty plastic bottles for your plants to give them a little something extra. The same two types of plants can look entirely different when housed in different containers!
Even if you already have a couple of houseplants around your home, there's no reason why you can't bring in more to spruce up your living spaces! Replanting them in new containers might be an easier way to achieve your design goals.


text:
Mobile Phones Guide
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An Innovative Anniversary
An Innovative Anniversary
Innovation has always been on the deck for HTC's suite of Windows Mobile devices, and one can't help but remember their very first touch with the HTC Touch and its TouchFlo interface. Bringing us forward to the year 2008, consumers will have their fingers full (in the literal sense) with HTC's next generation touch interface, the HTC TouchFlo 3D, presented on their latest Windows Mobile 6.1 device, the HTC Touch Diamond.
To say the least, the Diamond's appeal lies in its TouchFlo 3D, which sets itself to be a strong contender in the touch technology market. Speaking to the media during the HTC Touch Diamond's official launch in the Shangri-La Hotel, Singapore, John Wang, Chief Marketing Officer, HTC, showcased the company's vision and roadmap in the touch arena, which started off with the development of the first generation TouchFlo interface almost 3 years ago.
Believing that touch technology is the next big thing on the innovation front, HTC envisions a future where human interactivity with their devices will be an intuitive affair. In their conceptualization of its latest TouchFlo 3D interface, Mr. Wang takes a few analogies to showcase how the TouchFlo 3D was built to enrich and enhance your daily life, to the next evolution of the mobile internet for the consumer.
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Frederik Wellmann
Three studies distinguished (phaneroscopy, logic, and psychology) and their order of dependence established. Feeling, volition, and thought. In regard to feeling, Hume is in error, for he is committed to the view that vividness is an element of a sensequality. The three modes of separating the elements of a thought-object are precision, dissociation, and discrimination. Volition and purpose. Resemblances as residing in the interpretation of secondary feelings. CSP's essential conservatism. He warns, however, that self-criticism, carried too far, leads to exaggerated distrust.
Autobiographical references, Definition, Discrimination, Dissociation, Feeling, Feeling, secondary, Hume David, Logic (modal see Modality), Phaneroscopy (see also Phaneron Phenomenology), Precision, Psychology, Purpose (see also Teleology), Quality (see also Feeling Firstness Possibility Predicate), Resemblances, Thought, Volition (see also Will Willing)
pp. 1-26, with a variant p. 20.
(Definition: 3rd Draught)


text:
St. Charles City-County Library District
Board of Trustees
October 8, 2013
The St. Charles City-County Library District Board of Trustees met at 7:00 pm on Tuesday, October 8, 2013 at the Deer Run Branch. This branch is located at 1300 North Main St., O'Fallon, MO, 63366.
Board Members present:
Board Members absent:
Library Staff present:
Joe Quinlisk, Volunteer at Deer Run Branch and MLS student
President Jerry Cook called the meeting to order at 7 pm with the Pledge of Allegiance. Seven members responded to roll call. Dr. Cook opened the floor for public comments. No requests were made at this time.
The following reports were included in the Board packet.
MOTION: Mary Reese moved to approve the
Consent Agenda. Gail Zumwalt seconded. Motion passed eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
Agenda Item 14-13 Recording Secretary Stipend Increase
This agenda item was tabled at last month's meeting.
MOTION: Myra Crook moved to remove Agenda Item 14-13 from the table. Joann Leykam seconded. Motion passed eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
Several questions surfaced at the September meeting regarding the long-standing stipend for the Recording Secretary for the Board of Trustees. Pat Batzel, Human Resource Manager, researched other government municipalities and neighboring library districts regarding their recording secretaries. Most of the entities surveyed incorporate the recording secretary responsibilities into an employee's job description. The other question was whether or not it was even legal to pay the recording secretary a stipend. The answer to this question is yes, there appears to be no legal issue with paying the recording secretary.
Jim Brown recommended three options based on the answers to the questions.
1. Raise the stipend to $175 per meeting as proposed last month.
2. Keep the stipend at $150 per meeting as it currently exists.
3. Fold the recording secretary responsibilities into a current job description.
MOTION: John Thoelke moved to approve option three and incorporate the Recording Secretary responsibilities into the Administrative Assistant job description effective in January, 2014. Myra Crook seconded. Motion passed eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
Agenda Item 14-14 McClay Branch Change Orders
Three change orders were presented for informational
purpose only. All of the change orders are under the
$10,000.00 limit required for approval. Below is a summary of the change orders:
Change Order 001: Mold and restroom repairs at $6,347.00
Change Order 002: Broken sink in men's room at $176.34
Change Order 003: Additional electrical work at $5,211.00
Total for all three change orders is $11,734.34. There is no action needed at this time.
Agenda Item 14-16 Policy c281 Library Programs
The proposed policy replaces the current policy which is titled Programming—Adult. The new policy covers all age groups as well as incorporates the District's mission and vision statements. The new policy states a line of authority, open access to all, and information about presenters, locations, registrations, marketing, photography, customer feedback, as well as accommodations for the disabled.
MOTION: Mary Reese moved to accept Policy c281 Library Programs to replace Policy c281 Programming—Adult. Myra Crook seconded. Motion passed eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
Agenda Item 14-17 Policy c128 Fines
The circulation supervisors initiated a revision to this policy in order to provide consistency to the customers as well as better reflect the actual practice in the branches. Six specific changes were outlined in the agenda memo that accompanied the revision.
Agenda Item 14-18 Policy c192 Interlibrary Loan
Given the fact that fines are not necessarily an incentive for returning ILL items by their due date, this policy revision reflects current library practice.
Agenda Item 14-19 Policy c192.05 Interlibrary Loan, Denial of Service
This portion of the policy has been simplified and certain repetitive language removed from the policy.
Agenda Item 14-20 Policy c192.5 Interlibrary Loan, Reciprocity of Fees
There are no revisions to this portion of the policy at this time; however incorporating its review into the review of the overall policy will allow the date of review to be updated.
MOTION: Joann Leykam moved to approve Policy c128 Fines and Policies c192 Interlibrary Loan, Denial of Service (c192.05), and Reciprocity of Fees (c192.5) as presented. Gail Zumwalt seconded. Motion passed eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
Agenda Item 14-21 Policy e400 Personnel Action Form (PAF)
The main initiative in revising this policy is to update the signatures required and delegate authority. As the District has more than doubled in size over the years, the policy behind the PAF has never been updated. It is increasingly difficult to require the Director and the Assistant Director to sign all PAFs.
This form is used to record any and all action involving employees, their personnel files, or anything that requires payroll action. Signature requirements include:
The final change to the policy is that "employees may view their personnel file in the presence of the Human Resources Manager or approved designee. A copy of the PAF may be given to the employee, upon request, if the employee has signed the PAF".
MOTION: The Personnel sub-Committee has viewed, approved, and recommended the changes to the policy. Mary Reese moved to accept the new, revised Personnel Action Form (PAF) and accompanying policy. Motion passes eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
Agenda Item 14-22 Policy e075 Dress Appropriate for Employees
Updates to the policy include guidelines for name tags, shirts, slacks, skirts/dresses, shoes, hair, piercings/tattoos, and colognes or perfumes. The District's expectation is that individuals consider their "position, duties, customer contact, and safety standards when choosing their work attire." Also noted in the new policy is that "the responsibility to ensure that employees are meeting acceptable standards of dress lies with the immediate supervisor." This allows the branch managers to use their own discretion to address concerns within their own location.
Joann Leykam inquired whether the proposed changes to the policy have been reviewed by the District's legal counsel. Pat Batzel indicated that legal counsel has not reviewed the proposed changes.
MOTION: John Thoelke moved to table Agenda Item 14-22 Policy e075 Dress Appropriate for Employees in order to allow legal counsel to review the changes. Joann Leykam seconded. Motion passed eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
Agenda Item 14-23 Customer Analysis, Segmentation, & Engagement Strategies RFP
The District received one formal response, OrangeBoy Inc., to the RFP. OrangeBoy's bid for the proposal was $76,000.00. The contract is an 18 month contract with the bulk of the fieldwork during the first six months. Payments on the contract would come from the FY14 ($60,624.99) and FY15 ($15,375.01) budgets. The market and customer analysis portions of the project will be complete by March, 2014. The development and maintenance of the dashboard will follow the analysis, and will be the fundamental piece for the District. The District should have actionable information available for the FY15 budget process which begins in March or April, 2014.
Joann Leykam inquired about the deliverable schedule and payment arrangements. The contract needs to be clearly defined in regard to a no penalty clause, payments made when information is delivered, etc.
Dr. Cook inquired about whether or not the Finance Committee needed to review the contract before signing it. Jim Brown indicated that he would have the contract reviewed by legal counsel.
Jerry Cook shared information regarding the Personnel and Finance sub-committees that surfaced in conversations with Jim Brown.
First, Dr. Cook and Jim Brown are of the opinion that the sub-committees should report updates during the monthly open sessions. If a specific individual personnel situation should arise, it can be handled in a closed session. Each sub-committee shall hold a regularly scheduled meeting, and then provide an update to the full Library Board of Trustees and staff on a regular basis.
New trustees to the Library Board should be involved on the sub-committees also. This change will require a change to the Board of Trustees' bylaws. In order to accomplish the update to the bylaws, the change will be put on the November agenda, reviewed and voted on in December, and effective in January.
Jim Brown distributed a very tentative 5-Year Capital Improvement Plan to the Trustees. Joann Leykam inquired whether or not the District has a Facility Maintenance Plan. Jim Brown responded that the District does not currently have a formal written plan. This is one of the strategic initiatives and work is underway to develop a written plan.
MOTION: John Thoelke moved to adjourn the meeting. Gail Zumwalt seconded. Motion passed eight affirmative, zero negative, zero abstentions, and one absent.
The meeting adjourned at 8:15 p.m.
Respectfully submitted
April C. Wootten, Recording Secretary
Secretary, Board of Trustees Date


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Thursday, May 27, 2010
"GET a LOAD of THIS XXX!!!!": The Least Publicized Article You Will Read Today
The least publicized article you will read today arrives courtesy of the SEC, which shut down an effort by a Disney communications insider to sell advance information on Disney earnings reports to hedge funds.
Here's how the Wall Street Journal is reporting it:
Federal authorities alleged Wednesday that a Walt Disney Co. executive assistant and her boyfriend engaged in a ham-handed plot to sell Wall Street traders inside information, first offered in a chirpy missive sent to dozens of investment companies.
"Hi, I have access to Disney's (DIS) quarterly earnings report before its release on 05/03/10," the March 5 letter began. "I am willing to share this information for a fee that we can determine later."
It is, of course, a heart-warming thing to know that not all SEC employees are so absorbed in surfing for porn on their office computers they can't get their jobs done.
That activity, while not normally associated with Good Government, engaged at least 33 SEC employees over a 5-year period, including 17 "senior SEC employees, earnings between $99,000 and $222,000 a year," according to last month's report by the inspector general.
Our tax dollars at work, indeed.
But the key to breaking the Disney cash-for-information ring actually was the hedge funds that received the email in the first place:
The alleged plan went awry. Instead of taking the bait, "multiple hedge funds reported the illicit scheme," the Securities and Exchange Commission said in a press release.
—The Wall Street Journal
That is not how the investment world is supposed to work.
According to uninformed Congresspersons (is there any other kind?), incompetent CEOs, conspiracy-theory-spinning web sites and their equally loopy readers, the hedge funds of America are a latent evil within a corrupt system—the heart of darkness at the end of the long, sad journey into the country's financial soul.
Yet it was the hedge funds that forwarded the Disney goods to the Feds in the first place.
(Okay, maybe they needed to use a subject line such as "GET a LOAD of THIS XXX!!!!" to get somebody's attention…but still, the Feds did their job.)
And that's why you won't read much about the hedge funds' role in this affair: it's too close to the truth about hedge funds, which is that most of them have nothing to do with the kind of drama the Galleon case exposed.
Indeed, and not for nothing, most of the SEC has nothing to do with the kind of incompetence the Madoff case or the recent porn-reading nonsense exposed, either.
In fact, for an eye-opening look at what the Feds have to go through to bring down an obvious scam, not to mention what a hard-working hedge fund goes through to bring obvious scams to the attention of the Feds, we suggest reading Richard Sauer's "Selling America Short."
Sauer's informed (he was an SEC attorney before he joined a hedge fund) and detailed set of stories will make you sick, but they'll also make you appreciate what a no-win position the Feds occupy in America's—and the world's—byzantine financial regulatory schema, not to mention how the bad behavior of Goldman Sachs took down a hedge fund on the cusp of making a bundle for its investors thanks to prescient bets on a financial crisis.
We'll have a review of it once we finish our current Berkshire Hathaway series, but in the meantime, get a hold of it and start reading.
And the next time your Congressperson badmouths hedge funds, ask them what, exactly, a hedge fund is.
That'll shut 'em up—if you're lucky.
Jeff Matthews
I Am Not Making This Up
© 2010 NotMakingThisUp, LLC
12 comments:
- Abhishek said...
Disney must have really lax recruiting practises to hire such a dumb EA.To send an email to unknown people describing the intention to do an illegal act requires a special kind of dumbness.
- Kevin said...
I remember reading somewhere that the plural of "anecdote" is "blog." And in that spirit, I'll trade you one anecdote for another:
"Pequot, Samberg Pay $28 Million to End Trading Probe
"May 27 (Bloomberg) -- Pequot Capital Management Inc. and the hedge-fund firm's founder, Arthur Samberg, will pay almost $28 million to settle regulatory claims they illegally tapped information from a Microsoft Corp. employee to bet on the software maker's stock in 2001."
- Anonymous said...
Pequot, Samberg Pay $28 Million to End Insider-Trading Probe
"In April 2001, Zilkha, now 41, was planning to leave Microsoft and join Pequot when Samberg e-mailed him, seeking information on whether the company would miss quarterly earnings estimates. "Any tidbits you might care to lob in would be appreciated," Samberg wrote, according to the SEC's claim. Zilkha contacted colleagues, learned that earnings would meet or beat expectations, and advised Samberg to buy the stock, according to the agency's complaints. Samberg invested in Microsoft stock options, helping Pequot funds generate $14.8 million in illegal profits, the SEC said. ,,, Samberg wrote in a message to Zilkha, "our tech group has a very dim view of pc demand, and consequently msft," according to the SEC. "in fact, they are short the stock in one account, while it is my largest long. (I shouldn't say this, but you have probably paid for yourself already!)""
- Jeff Matthews said...
Anonymous posts about the Samburg case, which occured nearly 10 years ago.
The Disney case occured 10 weeks ago.
- invstmnt said...
Jeff, how defensive can you get?
The hedge fund world won't be destroyed by regulation. Okay, they're rightly going after the correct tax approach to your carried interest. But, jeesh, you've got to get off the fear of being painted the bad guy.
Keep writing books if you feel you'll need a second career.
- Jeff Matthews said...
"Invstmnt" says the 'hedge fund world won't be destroyed by regulation.'
And although I have not expressed an opinion on hedge fund regulation in these pages, I tend to agree.
So I have not a clue to what 'Invstmnt' is referring to by this comment, except what he reads between the lines. Or fantasizes, as the case may be.
- John said...
How many hedge funds actual hedge?
- Jeff Matthews said...
John asks an excellent question.
Purely on the basis on personal acquaintances, I'd guess 80% or more of today's hedge funds actually hedge. In other words, they use short positions and options to both make money on the short side as well as to hedge their portfolios against a downturn.
During the 2004-2007 period, that portion was greatly diminished by two things.
First, a great many portfolio managers began going out on their own to open up what they called "hedge funds." They were hedge funds in name and incentive fee structure only: in fact, they were what we called "closet long" funds, because they didn't really hedge or know how to hedge.
They mainly wanted the fees.
That was one reason the markets fell so hard in 2008--those guys got blown out in the crisis, because they didn't know what they were doing.
Second, during that long bull market, a fair portion of hedge funds decided--quite rationally at the time, but not in hindsight--that the cost of hedging a portfolio wasn't worth missing the upside. So they cut down on their short position and hedges.
That was another reason for the 2008 crash.
Today we seem to have returned to an earlier time, when most hedge funds actually hedge.
- Tim Knows How to Make Stuff Up said...
Thanks for sharing this as I do recall seeing a headline, but did not read the story. However, I strongly disagree with your point that the hedgies deserve some credit for being a whistleblower in lieu of acting on this "information". What choice did they really have in light of the fact that these geniuses sent a letter instead of doing everything verbally? In other words, had they acted, the letter would have been used to completely nail them as well if the SEC ever got wind of this. Do you really think this story would have had a similar ending if Bonnie and Clyde made sure that there was nothing in writing? I do wonder how many of these hedgies actually went to the compliance guy for an opinion.
- Jeff Matthews said...
"Tim Knows How to Make Stuff Up" really does know how to make stuff up. His uninformed yabber would go further in Yahoo message boards than it will here.
- Ben said...
I agree with you totally - most hedge funds essentially act as better regulators than the actual regulators act. That is, they find companies doing things that are unethical or misleading and short the stocks. Their short positions act as incentives to inform the public of this untoward behavior. Of course there will always be bad actors when there are such large amounts of money are involved. But the incentives hedge fund managers have are much more pure than say a prop trader at an investment bank.
- Nick D. said...
I think Tim had a point. If it hadn't been solicited in such a ham-handed fashion, one or ten of the 33 recipients might have acted. And had the solicitation been slicker, the compliance officer would likely have been consulted. I have no special complaint regarding hedge funds as I believe the same would have been true for a pension fund manager, mutual fund manager or a retail stockbroker.
This post did not strike me as Yahoo Message Board material (your standard put down) but rather as reasonably healthy skepticism.


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Youth Planning Program Mission
The Youth Planning Program (YPP) is designed to bridge the gap between young people and adults. We are youth representing other youth, affecting planning policy and increasing accessibility to city government. By engaging youth in the political process and implementing Our Bill of Rights: Children + Youth, we hope to build community, nurture leadership, and create equity.
We accomplish our mission by:
1. Assisting planners and other City staff to reach youth and gain youth opinion for projects that affect youth's lives, with the ultimate goal of increasing youth voice in issues or topics that affect our future.
2. Working to make planning and planning projects accessible to all. "Youth-friendly is People-friendly". Youth are able to take technical information and communicate it in a more accessible manner and language that people from many different backgrounds can understand.
3. Providing youth employment training in planning and development, project management, and community and civic engagement. This prepares youth for future workforce development, as well as creating great social and economic sustainability in our communities.
Youth Empowerment
"Youth empowerment is an ongoing process in which people who are experiencing oppression based on others' perceptions of their youth gain the skills, resources, information, and opportunities necessary to effect change in their own lives and the world around them." SMYRC (Sexual Minority Resource Center)
We in the Bureau of Planning believe that youth empowerment is where youth are given power in all aspects of decision-making that affects their lives, and where youth initiate, and take the lead on projects that they're interested in.


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Photo of the Day!!!
Post general kiteboarding discussion topics here!
Moderator: BayAreaKite
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
South Flats
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
My Photography ==> www.Loscocco.com
Kites:Ocean Rodeo: Flites and Razors
Boards:Ocean Rodeo: Duke and Spotz Hydrofoil
Eyewear:Kurtis Surf Goggles www.KurtisUSA.com
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
Evan ,
Just returned from a two week trip to Mancora , Peru.
Although we stayed in Mancora , we pretty much drove south everyday , enjoying multiple points with varying wind conditions.
The shot of "yours truly" was taken at Lobitos .It's a full on left point break , gets hollow here and there and goes on until your legs burn ! Only thing is that it blows direct off-shore , and there is no boat back up........so ,you've got to have your game on when riding this spot. All in all an awesome trip , great food , people and wind.
Hey Yuri ,
It's getting wet baby !!!
Time to get dirty !
Next weekend ????
Cheers ,
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
Last edited by dpca10 on Mon Nov 03, 2008 9:06 am, edited 1 time in total.
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
Resize your photos people to max. size of 1024 x 768, 3888 x 2592 images are kind of hard to see on the computer and 1.6 mb images slow everything down...
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
Seriously! it's still downloading as i type this. And i just got this 24" wide screen which shows everything without having to scroll except for this one. Too bad there isnt an app. that just resizes like craigslist does.
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
Add this plugin to the form http://www.phpbb.com/community/viewtopi ... p;t=561803
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
Canadian Prairies
Ocean Rodeo Kiteboarding
Hyperflex Wetsuits
Golden Gate Sailing Expeditions
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
colder storm....is this a new type of wax??
Re: Photo of the Day!!!
you ever try riding that thing in the snow, surfing the trees...
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text:
EDT Natural Spray
The citrus and aromatic freshness is followed by vivid fougère notes with a subtle woody accent for a man with universal and timeless charm.
Boucheron Pour Homme appeals to a modern man with its simple yet sophisticated touch.
The bottle, classically masculine, features the Maison's iconic godroon signature and echoes the elegance of the legendary Reflet Watch.
From 1860, and for almost forty years, Russia's Imperial Family represent a significant part of Boucheron's clientele. The Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, the Tsarina Maria Alexandrovna, Alexander III and Grand Duke Alexei all stop at Boucheron every time they visit Paris, giving the jeweler's name a good reputation at the Russian court.
This is why, in 1897, Frédéric Boucheron decides to open his first shop abroad in Moscow.
EDT Natural Spray
Hide the price
A Citrus Woody Aromatic, elegant and refined
Top note : Bergamot - Verbena
Middle note : Coriander - Basil
Base note: Patchouli - Sandalwood


text:
Dolvett Quince was well aware of America's obesity problem. After all, he's one of the trainers on NBC's weight loss reality show, "The Biggest Loser." But, until recently, he had no idea that America's bad eating habits were trickling down to its pets.
Quince, an animal lover, is on a campaign to raise awareness about pet obesity, and in doing so he hopes he'll get Americans — and their pets — on the road to fitness.
He is working with Banfield Pet Hospital, the largest privately held pet hospital, with more than 800 clinics nationwide, to encourage pet owners to get more exercise for their pets and specifically to work out with their dogs. You'll find workout ideas at http://www.Banfield.com/Fitness. A recent Banfield survey found that 37% of the dogs they treat are overweight, and a whopping 90% of cats are too fat.
PHOTOS: Dolvett Quince's pet workout
"We need to reverse this trend among ourselves but also among our pets," Quince said. He said "ourselves" with a straight face, even as he wore a skin-tight, fire-engine-red sleeveless top that strained to contain his chiseled shoulders.
Were you surprised by the statistics about pet obesity?
I was shocked. Just, jaw dropped. These are alarming numbers. It just goes to show our habits are becoming our pets' habits, and that has to stop. I wanted to get involved. I don't want to leave a stone unturned [in the battle against obesity]. Whether you've got four legs or two legs, guess what? You are going to get in shape.
You say the answer to this is working out your pet and working out with your pet. What does that look like?
Take your dog to the local park, maybe your local school, and look for some stairs to [run up and down]. Do shuttle runs in the park. Walk with your dog. Jog with your dog. Just get outside and do something with your dog.
This looks like a furry, four-legged trick to make exercise fun.
Yes! I'm just using the pet as a catalyst. At the end of the day, it's part of the family, right? The whole family should be moving, the whole family should be active. However you do it, I'm just happy if you and your family are in motion. Take your pet outside, bond with your pet outside. You had an opportunity to get up and get out of the house to go to work or school, now your dog wants to go out. Do the same for your pet.
What about cats? You can't make a cat do anything.
Cats are natural hunters. Take a toy, throw it down the hall and watch them go. And then do it again and again. It's better than you and the cat just slouching around and your cat looking outside the window.
How should pet owners get started, especially if both pet owner and pet are couch potatoes?
Talk to your vet. Ask him or her: 'My dog is this weight. Is that normal?' Find out: What is the right portion size for my pet? Am I feeding my pet the right food? What is the best exercise for my pet given the shape he's in? Just like people, your animal can get arthritis. Your animal can get diabetes. If you truly love your pet, you'll do your best to take care of him. And you'll take care of yourself, so you can be in the best possible shape to take good care of him.
[Other important safety tips for your pet: Make sure your pet has access to plenty of fresh drinking water during and after a workout. Be especially aware of the sun and heat during workouts, as animals can easily overheat. If you drive to a location for a workout, never leave your pet in a hot car.]
Television, movies can take mind off walking
Body surfing equipment enhances the workout


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Health & Wellness
Sure our focus is on nurturing students' minds, but we know it is just as important to preserve their physical health and wellness.
The Student Health Center, located on campus, is open Monday-Friday from 8 AM to 4:30 PM for free health care. The Health Center provides out-patient care, reproductive health care and limited on-site laboratory procedures. There is also a self-care center for routine colds and flu, vision and blood pressure screening and allergy injections.
All full-time undergraduate and graduate students are eligible for unlimited visits to the Health Center. The Health Center is located in the ERC Suite 1300, just below the stairs. Office visits are by appointment. Please call 315-268-6633.
Two students, sophomores Sarah Emlaw and Sarah Hill, took over as teachers this year in first-year student orientation at Clarkson University by leading an event that taught the newest Golden Knights about sexual assault.


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Glennc needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 52 designs submitted by 12 freelance designers.
Newcarsavings.ie (tagline = "New Cars - Huge Savings")
We are an internet company that sells new cars at discount prices throughout the country, effectively attempting to beat franchised dealers on price mostly, but also on service, and by supplying models not sold here, or before they have been launched.
Anyone who buys new cars. Typically these customers are in the age group 30-60, with a strong male bias. They are usually affluent and internet-savvy. They will find our site through google adwords, while using the net for either product information or price comparison.
I am looking for a clean modern logo. It must be reasonably colourful without going overboard (any colours considered at this stage). Most importantly it must inspire confidence in the target market, such that they believe they have landed on the site of a professional and and trustworthy organisation. I am fairly open to any ideas at this point, and will comment quickly on new designs submitted to drive the contest in the right direction
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


text:
Rite Aid Brand Renewal Makeup Removing Cleansing Towelettes
3 reviews
66% would repurchase
Package Quality: 4.3
Price: $
Package Quality: 4.3
Price: $
Start your review
on 5/27/2012 4:57:00 PM
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Fair, Cool
Hair: Blond, Curly, Fine
Eyes: Blue
These are the generic version of Garnier's makeup remover wipes (which are my favorite). I just snagged 2 pkgs for $7.00, which is a great price considering that the Garnier wipes are a little under $5 (depending on where you buy them).
EDIT: After repurchasing these, I've found these are too harsh on my face, especially on the eye area. I don't know if the formulation has changed, but I returned these for a refund.
on 6/1/2012 8:03:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Acne-prone, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
love these wipes. if i don't have the money to buy these i buy the ones at the dollar store. the wipes are thick and the remover most of my makeup. they're a couple dollars at rite aid. i always get the 10 pack and it's a 1.44 i think. sometime u can get them for less if there on sale. also they smell good.
on 9/4/2011 11:01:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Warm
Hair: Brunette, Wavy, Fine
Eyes: Hazel
This just became my HG makeup remover! I have really sensitive skin, and a lot of make up removers, while effective at actually getting the make up off my face, tend to burn my skin! These, I was amazed to discover, do not! The sheets are really big (five inches wide by six inches long,) easily big enough to cleanse your entire face if you had to take off heavy foundation. Two gentle swipes over my eyes completely removed my eye heavily pigmented eye make up, primer, and most of my mascara. They even smell pleasant (like chamomile) and they leave a slightly non-sticky residue on behind that is easily washed off with water. The only downside for me was the packaging, which is one of those silly plastic peel and reseal ones. I wish these came in a plastic box, because eventually they will dry out if not used fast enough (though you lovelies here on MUA have taught me to store these things upside down to keep the sticker from peeling off!) The package I bought came with 10 sheets for $1.50, and it was discounted slightly to $1.20 with my Rite Aid Wellness card (which is a free point card.) This sounds expensive, because you would need to buy several packages for regular use, except if you consider that you could easily spend $7.00 on a comparable product for 30 towlettes (I think this is what I paid for the Almay make up removers, which were horrible!) I will be rebuying these, several packs at a time. Forewarning to sensitive people, though, this product DOES CONTAIN PARABENS, so if you have allergic reactions to Paraben preservatives, I would steer clear.
11/22/11 Edited to add: These were on sale last week, pack of 25 sheets (in a plastic pack with a hard plastic seal over the top), two for $8.00. I stocked up and have been using them every day since then, and they are amazing quality!
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Catholic Church: Digging in against Darwinism?
In the wake of the Pope using the Italian for "intelligent design" positively in a discussion of Church teaching, here are some fallout stories:
Re George Coyne, the Vatican's astronomer denouncing ID as "not science", here are some links to some of his other press notices, on
faith. Coyne dismisses the evidence for fine-tuning of the universe as well as for intelligent design because
The crux of the problem is that belief in God requires a leap outside anything science can describe or prove. Coyne insists that this leap does not happen on its own and does not sustain itself. For him at least, it must be continually rekindled: "I thank God constantly that He chose me. But it is not a rock of ages. It's something I have to renew every day."
Coyne's position is, to put it mildly, at odds with traditional Christian theology (which admits no such separation between faith, evidence, and reason), and sounds more like mid-twentieth century existentialist theology.
He has also argued that it is madness to think that there are no alien civilizations out there. Hmmm. Depressing, maybe, but why madness? After all, no one out there has ever returned our calls.
My sense is that, however the American media want to spin the situation, Coyne and the Pope are not on the same wave length at all. Fronting him as the Vatican's spokesman is whistling past the graveyard.
Cardinal Schoenborn, who kicked it all off by dissing Darwinism in the New York Times, has begun to speak directly about the (bad) influence of Darwinism on the achools/universities:
Schoenborn agrees with the Intelligent Design theory that the complexity of life clearly points to a superior intelligence that must have devised this system. He based this on reason, not science, as Intelligent Design theorists claim to do.
"The next step is to ask -- which intelligence? As a believer, of course I think it is the intelligence of the Creator," he said."
Schoenborn, a good-humored Dominican who was the editor for the Church's authoritative Catechism published in 1992, expressed surprise at the barrage of criticism he got for saying Darwin could not explain everything.
"If this is a scientific theory, it must be open to scientific criticism," he said. "What I'm criticizing is a kind of strategy to immunize it, as if it were an offence to Darwin's dignity to say there are some issues this theory can't explain.
"There's a kind of ban on discussing this and critics of the evolution theory are discredited or discriminated against from the start," he said.
"What I would like is to see in schools is a critical and open spirit, in a positive sense, so we don't make a dogma out of the theory of evolution but we say it is a theory that has a lot going for it but has no answers for some questions."
Generally, legacy American mainstream media are the slow class when it comes to figuring out obvious stuff, like that Cardinal Schoenborn, touted for possible next Pope, is many intellectual cuts above the holy moonbat element in American popular Christianity. He is leaving the legacy media little choice but to turn to dissident elements in the catholic Church to supposedly represent the Church on Darwinism. Stay tuned. Let's see who they dig up.
Some insightful comments by Catholic law prof David DeWolf on the Catholic Church and intelligent design, from private correspondence, reproduced with permission:
Cardinal Schoenborn makes it very clear that in observing living things we see the operation of intelligence which through our common sense (reason) we recognize cannot be the product of material causes, since we know that material causes cannot produce intelligence. But he attributes that recognition not to science (which he thinks of as dealing with material causes) but rather with common sense (a form of
reason). I don't think he's drawing a sharp line between reason and science (quite the contrary -- I think he is trying to show that reason, science, and even faith are all attempts by different routes to arrive at an understanding of truth). I think he's saying that reason is inclusive of science and in fact properly understood, sets the boundaries for what science can be expected to discover. What he objects to is the form of science that refuses to recognize the proper role of reason (philosophy) in setting the boundaries of science;
Darwinism in particular is frequently understood to have generated an answer to the question of where this appearance of intelligence came from. Schoenborn seems to be saying that this version of Darwinism is the one that has exceeded its proper realm.
Unfortunately, there are a couple of points over which he invites confusion. For one, Cardinal Schoenborn gives Darwin a lot of credit. It is hard to see what Darwin can be credited for, except for making a very bold hypothesis that, after further research, has turned out to be WRONG. Long before Darwin, it was a well accepted proposition that the earth was very old and that there were "stages" in the appearance of life on earth. Darwin's singular contribution was the hypothesis that
small changes, like the ones observed in artificial breeding and in the adaptation of organisms to their environment, could eventually result in large-scale changes that would in fact completely account for all of the varieties of life on earth. If I understand Cardinal Schoenborn correctly, he thinks that this assertion -- that the observed intelligence in nature resulted from material causes (random mutation
and natural selection) -- is contrary to common sense. Yet if Darwin was wrong about this, it's hard to see what he was right about. I would have preferred if Cardinal Schoenborn had admired Darwin's boldness (noting the contribution to science even by theories that ultimately prove mistaken!) but said he was fundamentally wrong. I think that's what he believes, but I wish he would have said it.
Second, Cardinal Schoenborn doesn't seem to understand the dichotomy that most (at least American) scientists have adopted -- the Stephen Jay Gould NOMA principle. Gould would freely concede that science ought not to overstep its bounds. "Science shouldn't tell us whether there is a God or not, and science shouldn't tell us whether abortion is right or wrong. That comes from our religious beliefs. Sure, there are nut cases like Dawkins who think that science has come to replace religion,
but Dawkins doesn't understand the boundaries of science. I appreciate the limits of science and I respect what it can and cannot do." Cardinal Schoenborn seems to be saying something similar, but that is where he is courting misunderstanding. Cardinal Schoenborn is NOT saying that religion only deals in the "values" or "feeling" side of things, whereas science is devoted to the "objective" nd "measurable."
Well, maybe he actually tends to think of science as being -- at least most of the time -- the latter, but in Cardinal Schoenborn's mind there is a bridging concept called philosophy, which orders the truths of religion and the truths of science. Because most Westerners don't have an appreciation of the role of philosophy, and its place in defining the boundaries of science, Cardinal Schoenborn's statement that the inference of intelligent design comes not from science but from reason
(for him, philosophy) sounds to the Western ear as though intelligent design springs from religion, not from science.
It may take a while for the distinctions to be made more precisely, but eventually I am confident that Cardinal Schoenborn and Pope Benedict are going to make it pretty difficult for [names deleted] of the world to maintain that they are "orthodox Catholics" and "orthodox Darwinists." The noose still has a little slack in it, but it's tightening . . . .
Also, the Catholic News Agency finally picked up on the Rick Sternberg story, recently. A bit late, considering that Sternberg, persecuted by Darwinists simply for permitting others to consider ID-related ideas, self-identifies as a questioning Catholic. Goodness that man is brave. Now he can be persecuted for being a Catholic and for having questions as well as for questioning Darwinism. Some columnists in the Catholic press have talked about his case, which I regard as a watershed of sorts.
If you like this blog, check out my award-winning book on the intelligent design controversy, By Design or by Chance?. You can read excerpts as well.Are you looking for one of the following stories?
The Pope using the term "intelligent design" to describe the Catholic view of origins, go here.
Dilbert cartoonist Scott Adams attacked by Darwinist, hits back. Will he now cartoon on the subject?
"Academic Freedom Watch : Here's the real, ugly story behind the claim that 'intelligent design isn't science'?".
Roseville, California, lawyer Larry Caldwell is suing over the use of tax money by Darwin lobby groups to promote religious views that accept Darwinian evolution (as opposed to ones that don't). I'm pegging this one as the next big story. See also the ruling on tax funds. Note the line that the "free speech" people take.
How to freak out your bio prof? What happened when a student bypassed the usual route of getting frogs drunk and dropping them down the chancellor's robes, and tried questioning Darwinism instead.
Christoph, Cardinal Schonbon is not backing down from his contention that Darwinism is incompatible with Catholic faith, and Pope Benedict XVI probably thinks that's just fine. Major US media have been trying to reach rewrite for months, with no success.
Museum tour guides to be trained to "respond" to those who question Darwinism. Read this item for an example of what at least one museum hopes to have them say.
World class chemist dissed at Catholic university because he sympathizes with intelligent design.
Blog policy note:Comments are permitted on this blog, but they are moderated before they appear.


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file macro in wiki pages needs documentation and appropriate highlighting
Can you please edit the text that shows up when editing topics pages and group wiki pages to include a reference to the "(file:somefile.pdf not found)" macro. That macro is NOT in the documentation, but I think it should be listed at the same level as the example on the right of the edit screen.
1) Just add under the image macro description a text that also refers to the file macro To include an image, use the image macro. For example: "The following diagram illustrates my point: (Image(diagram.jpg) failed - File not found)" To include a file, use the file macro. For example: "This document includes how I plan to save the world (file:savetheworld.pdf not found)"
2) Please make sure that the link to image macro actually goes to the item on the wiki page that describes the macro, not just the list of all macros.
3) Please add a line or two on the "File" macro so it is actually documented.
4) If this is a correct statement then, please make it explicit in the documentation. "the uploaded file is not part of a general nanoHUB resource that is indexed etc. It is a document that is "private" to the wiki page that uses it. Access to the "private" document depends on the setting of the privacy of the whole wiki page.


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I just learned about an event hosted by Chris of Mele Cotte called Cinco de Mango and I am submitting this post to the event. If you wanna know more about mangoes and get more delicious recipes check out the National Mango Board website. Cinco the mayo is just around the corner and it is time to celebrate the only time Mexico won a battle (LOL) We are better lovers than warriors 😉
I am a winter person. I am the happiest person in the world when the days are cold, gloomy and snowy. In those kind of days I like to sit next to the window with a book while the snow covers the world outside. But those days are over in this part of the world, unfortunately. This last week we had "gorgeous" days (why can't cloudy days be gorgeous, too?) with temperatures in the 60's and 70's (that's around 20° C for the rest of the world) But I am not sad that summer is just around the corner. That's because summer is the season for my favorite fruit ever. Ladies and gentleman, please put your hands together for the gorgeous, sweet, juicy and delicious Manila mango.
My mom and I love this fruit so much that we used to eat a 40 pound case of mangoes almost entirely by ourselves every week during the summer. Every Tuesday, when my dad did the shopping for the restaurant, we waited patiently for him to arrive. We then separated the mangoes from ripe-and-ready-to-eat-today to not-quite-ready-this-can-wait-a-couple-of-days.
Mangoes are already hitting the markets and grocery stores and I am ready for them. I found these gorgeous manila mangoes in my local Mexican market and I couldn't resist to get a couple of pounds to start cooking whit them (and eating them just plainly, too)
Note: The stuffed chicken was inspired by this Sue's (of We Are Not Martha) post.
Stuffed chicken with mango guacamole
Printable recipe
Makes 2-4 servings
Prep time: 15 minutes
Cooking time: 25-30 minutes
Method: Baking
For this recipe you will need:
- 2 chicken breasts, flattened
- 2 slices of ham
- 4-6 oz pepper jack cheese in strips
- Some fresh spinach leaves
- salt, pepper, parsley flakes, oregano (optional)
- 1 small ripe avocado
- 2 ripe Manila mangoes
- 1 TBSP chopped cilantro
- 1 jalapeño pepper, deveined
- 2 Roma tomatoes
- the juice of 1 large lime
- Preheat oven to 375° F (190° C)
- Put a slice of ham, a couple of slices of cheese and a couple of spinach leaves over one of the flattened chicken breasts.
- Roll and hold with toothpicks.
- Drizzle olive oil over a cookie sheet. Put rolls on cookie sheet, drizzle some olive oil over them and season with salt, pepper, parsley flakes and oregano.
- Bake for 25-30 minutes
- In a food processor blend mangoes, avocado, cilantro, jalapeño pepper, tomatoes, lime juice and salt to taste.
- When the chicken comes out of the oven serve with Mexican rice, spoon some mango guacamole over the chicken and enjoy.
About this recipe:
- I don't think there's anything I'd change to this recipe. The mango guacamole was sweet and spicy, just perfect, and it blended perfectly with the chicken.
- You may use more or less jalapeños to adjust spiciness.
This is the first of many mango recipes that I will be posting during the summer. I might not like the miserable heat and humidity of Ohio's summers, but I love the fact that fresh fruits and vegetables are finding their way up here.
Buen provecho!


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One of the many things about Jerry Manuel that drove me crazy was his inability to make, and stick, with a decision. For the most part Terry Collins has been the opposite, but there are waffling signs with him on Bobby Parnell.
After Parnell's blown save against the Nationals, Collins said Parnell would stay in the closer role because he wanted to display faith and avoid a kneejerk decision.
Collins wasn't so supportive after last night, and suggested Parnell might need some non-save opportunities to bolster his confidence.
There's no question about Parnell's stuff, but his command is what has gotten him in trouble. Wildness isn't just walking batters, but falling behind in the count and having to come in with the fastball.
Of course, that's consistent with every pitcher.
As Parnell needs to develop confidence in his secondary pitches, he also has to get some from his manager. Collins said he'd get a chance to win the closer role, and that means overcoming rough stretches. That's hard to do when it's not the ninth inning, because part of becoming a closer is coming to grips with it being the final inning.
This is a prime learning opportunity with games that have meaning, definitely more of a test than during spring training.
No, I can't say Parnell will ever become a quality major league closer. I can't say he won't, either. But, we'll never know unless Collins sticks with him for the remaining three weeks. Manuel sabotaged Parnell as a starter several years ago. Here's hoping Collins doesn't do the same as a closer.
That's in the best interest of Parnell and the Mets, because if you look at the other options – Manny Acosta, Pedro Beato or Jason Isringhausen – you realize Parnell has the highest ceiling for 2012.


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Greece may be out of the woods for now, but the next round of bailout-related concerns has already reclaimed the European agenda.
European financial markets had Tuesday just started to celebrate the agreement to help Greece get back on a sustainable-debt track, when analysts raised the "now what?" questions and widened the spotlight to include the region's other financially troubled nations.
One major worry is that the debt-reduction measures could draw copycat requests from Ireland and Portugal, which have been implementing similar bailout packages – although without the Greek-style drama and, so far, with a significantly wider scope of success.
Portugal, for instance, has seen its borrowing costs on two-year government bonds drop below 5% in recent months after topping 20% in the beginning the year. Meanwhile, Ireland was able to return to the international bond markets in July this year, marking the first public-debt sale since the country asked for a bailout in 2010.
James Ashley, senior European economist at RBC Capital Markets, said both Ireland and Portugal could use Greece's new debt-reduction deal to ask for lower interest rates on their bailout loans.
"If you were Ireland's or Portugal's finance ministers and you'd seen the Greek bailout package being reopened to be less punitive and more generous, I think you would be more eager to ask for that for your own package," he said.
Especially Ireland, he pointed out, has consistently met the targets demanded by its creditors, with the troika of international lenders concluding in July that the country successfully fulfilled all its obligations.
"The principal thing is that they reduced the cost of funding and borrowing for Greece and the Irish people could say 'We would also like some of that, please'," he said.
A similar overhaul or softer bailout conditions should, however , not be expected for either Portugal or Ireland at the moment, said Nicholas Spiro, managing director at Spiro Sovereign Strategy, as Greece's debt problems reach far deeper and are more unique than its European counterparts.
"Germany and other euro-zone policy makers have made it crystal clear that Greece is a special case and an outlier in the European sovereign landscape," he said.
"There's always the risk that if you ease the terms of one country that the others are going to want the same treatment, but Greece is so far off track that it's clear to Portugal and Ireland that Greece hasn't really been given preferential treatment. The policy makers are not rewarding Greece, but simply just trying to avoid a 'Grexit' and ensure that it doesn't come to a disorderly default," he added.
An effort to lower interest rates on bailout loans is widely seen as the centerpiece of Greece's debt-reduction deal. The finance ministers agreed to reduce the payments to 50 basis points above the Euro Interbank Offered Rate from the current spread of 150 basis points above Euribor, according to the statement from the Eurogroup.
Both Spiro and Ashley agreed that such measures will ease pressure on Greece for now, but that direct debt forgiveness from the official sector, such as the European Central Bank and sovereign euro-zone nations, will be inevitable at some point within the next few years.
"Euro-zone creditor countries will have to take massive losses on their bailout loans," Spiro said. "And look at what is already happening with the interest rates now that they are just 50 basis points above Euribor. Spain is effectively losing money on its bailout loans to Greece, because its own borrowing costs are so high."
— Sara Sjolin
Follow @sarasjolin on Twitter


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12:00 pm
WordWorld "Snug As A Bug/Nightlight" Snug as a Bug: Frog helps insomniac Bug figure out the end of the rhyme "snug as a bug in a ." so that Bug can sleep. Nightlight: The rest of Word World is trying to sleep, but Bear is keeping everyone awake with her all-night racket. D
12:30 pm
Caillou "Safety First Caillou" Caillou's Cross-Hop: Caillou doesn't want to hold hands and obey safety rules.until he discovers a bunch of tiny frogs that need help crossing the street. Realizing it's hard work helping others to cross the road safely, he has a new appreciation for Mommy and Daddy's rules. D
1:00 pm
Barney & Friends "For The Fun of It and Starlight, Star Bright" For the Fun of It: After BJ sees Terry play basketball, he wants to learn the teenager's fancy moves. He's trying so hard, but just can't seem to do it! More importantly, he's not even having fun anymore. After some advice from Barney and Terry, BJ decides to do his best and have fun! Educational theme: Practice, perseverance. D
1:30 pm
Thomas & Friends "Happy Engines" Henry's Happy Coal - Henry is given a special of taking a very important visitor around Sodor. When Henry visits the Steam Works he is teased by 'Arry and Bert for needing to use special coal. Henry wants be like the rest of the Steamies and use normal coal instead of his special coal. D
2:00 pm
Curious George "George Meets The Press/Snow Use" George turns on a giant cider press at Renkins' Farm when he tries to get an apple from a squirrel.G
2:30 pm
Martha Speaks "Martha Doesn't Speak Monkey!/Martha and Truman Get Lost" Martha Doesn't Speak Monkey! - Professor Monkey is coming to town to promote his craft books with co-author Beppo. Martha and Truman Get Lost - Truman needs Martha to help him find something he lost at Dog Head Lake.G
3:00 pm
The Electric Company "Lost and Spaced" At the school science fair, Lisa and her Skeleckian friend Dax get shrunk down and trapped inside their project - a perfect model of the solar system!. D
3:30 pm
WordGirl "The Masked Meat Marauder/Sandwich World" The Masked Meat Marauder - While the Botsfords and the Mings go head to head in a charity car wash, the Butcher battles his new rival--the Masked Meat Marauder. Can this town handle two meat-flinging villains or will WordGirl have to send one of them packing? Sandwich World - Chuck is fed up with living at home in his mom's basement. So he builds an evil lair, Sandwich World! Will WordGirl and Captain Huggy Face escape Chuck's crazy sandwich theme park? And will Chuck be strong enough to avoid getting homesick?. D
4:00 pm
Wild Kratts "Termites Vs. Tongues" When Aviva and Koki accidentally miniaturize themselves and get carried away by termites, Martin and Chris must split up to search for them. D
4:30 pm
Cyberchase "When Penguins Fly" Penguins can't fly - or can they? In Cyberspace, on one special night each year, the penguins of Penguia take flight to deliver gifts to young borgs across the virtual universe. For the first time ever, the CyberSquad's friend Fluff is participating, and invites his pals Matt, Jackie, Inez and Digit to join him in the impressive Penguin March. They head to the Ice Palace, where the gifts are made and where magic snowflakes are sprinkled on the penguins so they can fly. D
5:00 pm
Fetch! With Ruff Ruffman "Finale" Ruff's twin brother Scruff has taken over FETCH!. Scruff devises a series of elimination games that take place in a variety of Ruff and Scruff's important childhood haunts. And once again, is Ruff stuck without a Grand Prize?!?. D
5:30 pm
Nightly Business Report Tonight on Nightly Business Report, what a potential government shutdown could mean for your investments. And, on the eve of open enrollment, what does the new health law mean for you if you buy individual insurance, get it from your company or are on Medicare?. D
5:56 pm
NewsHour Promo NULL
6:00 pm
PBS NewsHour NULL
7:00 pm
Antiques Roadshow "Hartford, CT - Hour One" Appraisal highlights include a 1963 poster for a Joan Baez/Bob Dylan concert at New Haven Arena, brought by the artist's daughter; a pair of 18th-century silk shoes purportedly worn by one of George Washington's dance partners; and a collection of 200-year-old Wedgwood pottery buttons found in an attic and valued at $1,500 to $2,000 for the set. Part 1 of 3G
8:00 pm
Genealogy Roadshow "Detroit" Michigan's largest city boasts one of the most diverse populations in the country. After its settlement by French-Canadians, Detroit attracted a large number of Europeans and immigrants of Middle Eastern descent, making it now home to the largest Arab-American community in the country. As well, hundreds of thousands of African-Americans moved to Detroit from the rural southern U.S. as part of The Great Migration of the 20th century.G
9:00 pm
Globe Trekker "Around The World - Panamericana: Incas & Inquisitions" Trekker Brianna Barnes journeys to Peru, home of the legendary Incas, where she begins her trek in Cajamarca, where thousands of Incan soldiers were slaughtered by Pizarro's conquistadors. After visiting one of the world's largest gold mines, Brianna makes her way to Lima, once home to the Spanish Inquisition in South America. In Cusco, she learns about the golden Inca Empire before ending her journey on the volcano El Misti.G
10:00 pm
Independent Lens "Don't Stop Believin': Everyman's Journey" Filipino Arnel Pineda is plucked from YouTube to become the front man for American rock band Journey. In this Cinderella story, Arnel, having overcome a lifetime's worth of hardships, must now navigate the pressures of replacing a legendary singer and leading a world-renowned band on their most extensive world tour in years.G
11:30 pm
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New Album Preview! "Tech Switch"
This is the most ambitious _ensnare_ album to date. I'm using Plogue Chipsounds and a Yamaha DX100 synth (sporting very similar sound architecture to the Megadrive), as well as some Megadrive and SoundBlaster sounfonts, to create what I hope is a kind of huge hybrid chip / dance music sound that's a bit unusual and SUPER melodic! I want it to sound like a kind of giant insane Franken-arcade-machine with a million joysticks. Album is about 50% complete and it is a slow burner, but I'm really excited to get this done and I hope it will be there by the end of the year.
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