text:
JBoss.orgCommunity Documentation
The ArjunaCore Failure Recovery Guide contains information on how to use JBoss Transaction Service to develop applications that use transaction technology to manage business processes.
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To see the contents of the file
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cat my_next_bestselling_novelcommand at the shell prompt and press Enter to execute the command.
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In this chapter we shall cover information on failure recovery that is specific to TxCore, TXOJ or using JBossTS outside the scope of a supported application server.
In some situations it may be required to embed the RecoveryManager in the same process as the transaction service. In this case you can create an instance of the RecoveryManager through the manager method on com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.RecoveryManager. A RecoveryManager can be created in one of two modes, selected via the parameter to the manager method:
i. INDIRECT_MANAGEMENT: the manager runs periodically but can also be instructed to run when desired via the scan operation or through the RecoveryDriver class to be described below.
ii. DIRECT_MANAGEMENT: the manager does not run periodically and must be driven directly via the scan operation or RecoveryDriver.
By default, the recovery manager listens on the first available port on a given machine. If you wish to control the port number that it uses, you can specify this using the com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.recoveryPort attribute.
JBossTS provides a set of recovery modules that are responsible to manage recovery according to the nature of the participant and its position in a transactional tree. The provided classes over and above the ones covered elsewhere (that all implements the RecoveryModule interface) are:
Recovers Transactional Objects for Java.
The failure recovery subsystem of JBossTS will ensure that results of a transaction are applied consistently to all resources affected by the transaction, even if any of the application processes or the machine hosting them crash or lose network connectivity. In the case of machine (system) crash or network failure, the recovery will not take place until the system or network are restored, but the original application does not need to be restarted – recovery responsibility is delegated to the Recovery Manager process (see below). Recovery after failure requires that information about the transaction and the resources involved survives the failure and is accessible afterward: this information is held in the ActionStore, which is part of the ObjectStore.
If the ObjectStore is destroyed or modified, recovery may not be possible.
Until the recovery procedures are complete, resources affected by a transaction that was in progress at the time of the failure may be inaccessible. For database resources, this may be reported as tables or rows held by "in-doubt transactions". For TransactionalObjects for Java resources, an attempt to activate the Transactional Object (as when trying to get a lock) will fail.
The failure recovery subsystem of JBossTS requires that the stand-alone Recovery Manager process be running for each ObjectStore (typically one for each node on the network that is running JBossTS applications). The RecoveryManager file is located in the package com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.RecoveryManager. To start the Recovery Manager issue the following command:
java com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.RecoveryManager
If the -test flag is used with the Recovery Manager then it will display a "Ready" message when initialised, i.e.,
java com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.RecoveryManager -test
The RecoveryManager reads the properties defined in the arjuna.properties file and then also reads the property file RecoveryManager.properties, from the same directory as it found the arjuna properties file. An entry for a property in the RecoveryManager properties file will override an entry for the same property in the main TransactionService properties file. Most of the entries are specific to the Recovery Manager.
A default version of RecoveryManager.properties is supplied with the distribution – this can be used without modification, except possibly the debug tracing fields (see below, Output). The rest of this section discusses the issues relevant in setting the properties to other values (in the order of their appearance in the default version of the file).
The RecoveryManager scans the ObjectStore and other locations of information, looking for transactions and resources that require, or may require recovery. The scans and recovery processing are performed by recovery modules, (instances of classes that implement the com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.RecoveryModule interface), each with responsibility for a particular category of transaction or resource. The set of recovery modules used are dynamically loaded, using properties found in the RecoveryManager property file.
The interface has two methods: periodicWorkFirstPass and periodicWorkSecondPass. At an interval (defined by property com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.periodicRecoveryPeriod), the RecoveryManager will call the first pass method on each property, then wait for a brief period (defined by property com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.recoveryBackoffPeriod), then call the second pass of each module. Typically, in the first pass, the module scans (e.g. the relevant part of the ObjectStore) to find transactions or resources that are in-doubt (i.e. are part way through the commitment process). On the second pass, if any of the same items are still in-doubt, it is possible the original application process has crashed and the item is a candidate for recovery.
An attempt, by the RecoveryManager, to recover a transaction that is still progressing in the original process(es) is likely to break the consistency. Accordingly, the recovery modules use a mechanism (implemented in the com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.TransactionStatusManager package) to check to see if the original process is still alive, and if the transaction is still in progress. The RecoveryManager only proceeds with recovery if the original process has gone, or, if still alive, the transaction is completed. (If a server process or machine crashes, but the transaction-initiating process survives, the transaction will complete, usually generating a warning. Recovery of such a transaction is the RecoveryManager's responsibility).
It is clearly important to set the interval periods appropriately. The total iteration time will be the sum of the periodicRecoveryPeriod, recoveryBackoffPeriod and the length of time it takes to scan the stores and to attempt recovery of any in-doubt transactions found, for all the recovery modules. The recovery attempt time may include connection timeouts while trying to communicate with processes or machines that have crashed or are inaccessible (which is why there are mechanisms in the recovery system to avoid trying to recover the same transaction for ever). The total iteration time will affect how long a resource will remain inaccessible after a failure – periodicRecoveryPeriod should be set accordingly (default is 120 seconds). The recoveryBackoffPeriod can be comparatively short (default is 10 seconds) – its purpose is mainly to reduce the number of transactions that are candidates for recovery and which thus require a "call to the original process to see if they are still in progress
In previous versions of JBossTS there was no contact mechanism, and the backoff period had to be long enough to avoid catching transactions in flight at all. From 3.0, there is no such risk.
Two recovery modules (implementations of the com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.RecoveryModule interface) are supplied with JBossTS, supporting various aspects of transaction recovery including JDBC recovery. It is possible for advanced users to create their own recovery modules and register them with the Recovery Manager. The recovery modules are registered with the RecoveryManager using RecoveryEnvironmentBean.recoveryExtensions. These will be invoked on each pass of the periodic recovery in the sort-order of the property names – it is thus possible to predict the ordering (but note that a failure in an application process might occur while a periodic recovery pass is in progress). The default Recovery Extension settings are:
Example 1.1. Recovery Environment Bean XML
<entry key="RecoveryEnvironmentBean.recoveryExtensions">
The operation of the recovery subsystem will cause some entries to be made in the ObjectStore that will not be removed in normal progress. The RecoveryManager has a facility for scanning for these and removing items that are very old. Scans and removals are performed by implementations of the com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.ExpiryScanner interface. Implementations of this interface are loaded by giving the class names as the value of a property RecoveryEnvironmentBean.expiryScanners. The RecoveryManager calls the scan() method on each loaded Expiry Scanner implementation at an interval determined by the property RecoveryEnvironmentBean.expiryScanInterval". This value is given in hours – default is 12. An expiryScanInterval value of zero will suppress any expiry scanning. If the value as supplied is positive, the first scan is performed when RecoveryManager starts; if the value is negative, the first scan is delayed until after the first interval (using the absolute value)
The kinds of item that are scanned for expiry are:
TransactionStatusManager items: one of these is created by every application process that uses JBossTS – they contain the information that allows the RecoveryManager to determine if the process that initiated the transaction is still alive, and what the transaction status is. The expiry time for these is set by the property com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.transactionStatusManagerExpiryTime (in hours – default is 12, zero means never expire). The expiry time should be greater than the lifetime of any single JBossTS-using process.
The Expiry Scanner properties for these are:
Example 1.2. Recovery Environment Bean XML
<entry key="RecoveryEnvironmentBean.expiryScanners">
To illustrate the behavior of a recovery module, the following pseudo code describes the basic algorithm used for Atomic Action transactions and Transactional Objects for java.
Example 1.3. AtomicAction pseudo code
First Pass:
< create a collection containing all transactions currently in the log >
Second Pass:
while < there are transactions in the collection >
if < the intention list for the transaction still exists >
< create new transaction cached item >
< obtain the status of the transaction >
if < the transaction is not in progress (ie phase 2 has finished ) >
< replay phase two of the commit protocol >
end while.
Example 1.4. Transactional Object pseudo code
First Pass:
< Create a hash table for uncommitted transactional objects. >
< Read in all transactional objects within the object store. >
while < there are transactional objects >
if < the transactional object has an Uncommited status in the object store >
< add the transactional Object o the hash table for uncommitted transactional objects>
end if.
end while.
Second Pass:
while < there are transactions in the hash table for uncommitted transactional objects >
if < the transaction is still in the Uncommitted state >
if < the transaction is not in the Transaction Cache >
< check the status of the transaction with the original application process >
if < the status is Rolled Back or the application process is inactive >
< rollback the transaction by removing the Uncommitted status from the Object Store >
end while.
In order to recover from failure, we have seen that the Recovery Manager contacts recovery modules by invoking periodically the methods periodicWorkFirstPass and periodicWorkSecondPass. Each Recovery Module is then able to manage recovery according the type of resources that need to be recovered. The JBoss Transaction product is shipped with a set of recovery modules (TOReceveryModule, XARecoveryModule…), but it is possible for a user to define its own recovery module that fit his application. The following basic example illustrates the steps needed to build such recovery module
This basic example does not aim to present a complete process to recover from failure, but mainly to illustrate the way to implement a recovery module.
The application used here consists to create an atomic transaction, to register a participant within the created transaction and finally to terminate it either by commit or abort. A set of arguments are provided:
to decide to commit or abort the transaction,
to decide generating a crash during the commitment process.
The code of the main class that control the application is given below
Example 1.5. TestRecoveryModule.java
package com.arjuna.demo.recoverymodule;
import com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.AtomicAction;
import com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.coordinator.*;
public class TestRecoveryModule {
public static void main(String args[]) {
try {
AtomicAction tx = new AtomicAction();
tx.begin(); // Top level begin
// enlist the participant
System.out.println("About to complete the transaction ");
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
if ((args[i].compareTo("-commit") == 0))
_commit = true;
if ((args[i].compareTo("-rollback") == 0))
_commit = false;
if ((args[i].compareTo("-crash") == 0))
_crash = true;
if (_commit)
tx.commit(); // Top level commit
tx.abort(); // Top level rollback
} catch (Exception e) {
protected static boolean _commit = true;
protected static boolean _crash = false;
The registered participant has the following behavior:
During the prepare phase, it writes a simple message - "I'm prepared"- on the disk such The message is written in a well known file
During the commit phase, it writes another message - "I'm committed"- in the same file used during prepare
If it receives an abort message, it removes from the disk the file used for prepare if any.
If a crash has been decided for the test, then it crashes during the commit phase – the file remains with the message "I'm prepared".
The main portion of the code illustrating such behavior is described hereafter.
that the location of the file given in variable filename can be changed
Example 1.6. SimpleRecord.java
package com.arjuna.demo.recoverymodule;
import com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.coordinator.*;
import java.io.File;
public class SimpleRecord extends AbstractRecord {
public String filename = "c:/tmp/RecordState";
public SimpleRecord() {
System.out.println("Creating new resource");
public static AbstractRecord create() {
return new SimpleRecord();
public int topLevelAbort() {
try {
File fd = new File(filename);
if (fd.exists()) {
if (fd.delete())
System.out.println("File Deleted");
} catch (Exception ex) {
// &
return TwoPhaseOutcome.FINISH_OK;
public int topLevelCommit() {
if (TestRecoveryModule._crash)
try {
java.io.FileOutputStream file = new java.io.FileOutputStream(
java.io.PrintStream pfile = new java.io.PrintStream(
pfile.println("I'm Committed");
} catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
// ...
return TwoPhaseOutcome.FINISH_OK;
public int topLevelPrepare() {
try {
java.io.FileOutputStream file = new java.io.FileOutputStream(
java.io.PrintStream pfile = new java.io.PrintStream(
pfile.println("I'm prepared");
} catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
// ...
return TwoPhaseOutcome.PREPARE_OK;
// &
The role of the Recovery Module in such application consists to read the content of the file used to store the status of the participant, to determine that status and print a message indicating if a recovery action is needed or not.
Example 1.7. SimpleRecoveryModule.java
package com.arjuna.demo.recoverymodule;
import com.arjuna.ats.arjuna.recovery.RecoveryModule;
public class SimpleRecoveryModule implements RecoveryModule {
public String filename = "c:/tmp/RecordState";
public SimpleRecoveryModule() {
.println("The SimpleRecoveryModule is loaded");
public void periodicWorkFirstPass() {
try {
java.io.FileInputStream file = new java.io.FileInputStream(
java.io.InputStreamReader input = new java.io.InputStreamReader(
java.io.BufferedReader reader = new java.io.BufferedReader(
String stringState = reader.readLine();
if (stringState.compareTo("I'm prepared") == 0)
.println("The transaction is in the prepared state");
} catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
System.out.println("Nothing found on the Disk");
public void periodicWorkSecondPass() {
try {
java.io.FileInputStream file = new java.io.FileInputStream(
java.io.InputStreamReader input = new java.io.InputStreamReader(
java.io.BufferedReader reader = new java.io.BufferedReader(
String stringState = reader.readLine();
if (stringState.compareTo("I'm prepared") == 0) {
.println("The record is still in the prepared state");
System.out.println(" Recovery is needed");
} else if (stringState
.compareTo("I'm Committed") == 0) {
.println("The transaction has completed and committed");
} catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
System.out.println("Nothing found on the Disk");
.println("Either there was no transaction");
System.out.println("or it as been rolled back");
The recovery module should now be deployed in order to be called by the Recovery Manager. To do so, we just need to add an entry in the the config file for the extension:
Example 1.8. Recovery Environment Bean Recovery Extensions XML
<entry key="RecoveryEnvironmentBean.recoveryExtenstions">
Once started, the Recovery Manager will automatically load the listed Recovery modules.
The source of the code can be retrieved under the trailmap directory of the JBossTS installation.
As mentioned, the basic application presented above does not present the complete process to recover from failure, but it was just presented to describe how the build a recovery module. In case of the OTS protocol, let's consider how a recovery module that manages recovery of OTS resources can be configured.
To manage recovery in case of failure, the OTS specification has defined a recovery protocol. Transaction's participants in a doubt status could use the RecoveryCoordinator to determine the status of the transaction. According to that transaction status, those participants can take appropriate decision either by roll backing or committing. Asking the RecoveryCoordinator object to determine the status consists to invoke the replay_completion operation on the RecoveryCoordinator.
For each OTS Resource in a doubt status, it is well known which RecoveyCoordinator to invoke to determine the status of the transaction in which the Resource is involved – It's the RecoveryCoordinator returned during the Resource registration process. Retrieving such RecoveryCoordinator per resource means that it has been stored in addition to other information describing the resource.
A recovery module dedicated to recover OTS Resources could have the following behavior. When requested by the recovery Manager on the first pass it retrieves from the disk the list of resources that are in the doubt status. During the second pass, if the resources that were retrieved in the first pass still remain in the disk then they are considered as candidates for recovery. Therefore, the Recovery Module retrieves for each candidate its associated RecoveryCoordinator and invokes the replay_completion operation that the status of the transaction. According to the returned status, an appropriate action would be taken (for instance, rollback the resource is the status is aborted or inactive).


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Different Mixers for Different Food Blending Applications
Mixing and blending are fundamental to many food processes, and matching the machine to the application is the first step in ensuring consistent results and quality outcomes.
The ideal mixing or blending machine may well exist for your food product; the challenge is identifying which one is perfect for your specific application.
The advent of the high-shear pump obliterated the line between mixing and pumping; it also scrambled the meaning of shear. No matter: There are so many other factors in liquid/powder, liquid/liquid and liquid/air blending that no single mixer could possibly satisfy all the general requirements, let alone the specific needs of a manufacturer.
One attribute that all processors expect, however, is a cleanable, sanitary machine. Marine propellers continue to be used by some firms, but that method's days are numbered. While they wouldn't pass a rigorous food safety audit, marine propellers do meet many processing requirements. Silverson Machines Inc. sought to meet this need with a sanitary unit seven years ago when it introduced Ultramix, an in-tank mixer that delivers a degree of high shear without turning solids into purees.
"We found there was a gap in the market," explains Matt Smith, sales director at U.K.-based Silverson, with U.S. operations based in East Longmeadow, Mass.
"At the bottom you have a marine propeller agitator, and at the top is our high-shear mixer. With Ultramix, we came in the middle."
Smith would get an argument from other suppliers about the top end's gold standard, but his point about the middle market is valid. Heat-and-eat meals are very popular in Western Europe and a growing category in North America, and consumers expect fresh ingredients that resemble their original form more than they do strained baby food. "You don't want to put too much energy in and change the rheology of the product," points out Smith. A propeller will satisfy that requirement, but its nooks and crannies would make a microbiologist cringe.
Silverson preempts the harborage issue by machining the head of the Ultramix from a "solid billet of stainless steel," he explains. No welds, sanitary or otherwise, are involved, and a compressed O-ring isolates the threads on the shaft, preventing any contact with the product.
The unit can be characterized as a mobile rotor/stator mixer, a class of machines that provides maximum flexibility for small-batch blending. Manufacturers typically mount the unit on a movable stand and insert the shaft into the vessel of their choosing. Tote bins containing up to 1,800 gallons and other difficult geometries can be thoroughly blended and mixed.
Another portable solution is the Conti-TDS, which also works on the rotor/stator principle and excels in wetting and dispersing fast-swelling powders into liquids. Positioned outside a process tank, the unit draws in the solid and liquid from opposite sides into the dispersion zone, pulling the powder in under vacuum and effectively blending it before agglomerations such as fish eyes can form.
Blending of gums is a common application, according to Rick Isherwood, president of Powder Technologies Inc., Hainesport, N.J., the technology's North American distributor. "Gums are one of the most challenging of the fast-swelling products but one of the easiest for us," Isherwood maintains. His mixer can handle a wide range of viscosities, from low viscous up to 250,000 centipoise. PTI's Ystral unit recently received 3-A certification and can be used in CIP processes.
Developed in Germany, Conti-TDS (shorthand for transport and dispersing system) received U.S. patent protection in 1996. "A lot of copycats have tried to duplicate it, but the patents are so strong, they have been unable," says Isherwood.
Two-stream progression
Leading processors of carbonated beverages began the transition from static mixers and multiple tanks for blending more than 20 years ago, and mid-sized manufacturers of all types of beverages are beginning to follow. High ingredient costs and multiple changeovers daily are key drivers, but human psychology also plays a role: Scrapping a process that works requires a leap of faith in newer technology. After decades of tire kicking, food company managers are beginning to make a change.
Among the firms helping them with the transition is TechniBlend Inc. in Waukesha, Wis. Heavily populated by process engineers and KHS alumni, TechniBlend integrates Coriolis mass flow meters, instrumentation and components from multiple vendors with its TB-200 blender, an in-line unit that precisely mixes two ingredients before passing the fluid on to the next blender, until the formula is satisfied.
The system is a variation of process analytic technology (PAT), the approach favored by FDA for pharmaceutical manufacturing. PAT uses real-time feedback from sensors to ensure that out-of-spec product is not released to downstream value-added processes, thereby improving finished goods outcomes and slashing in-process waste.
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2-17-06--Shaun from Oklahoma will be 5--cars, motorcycles,monster trucks Carol
2-17-04--Eryka from Kansas will be 7--pink, ponies, dogs, Hannah Montana Carin
2-19-08--Amyah from California will be 3--anything girly Cathy
2-19-96--Sarah from Michigan will be 15--sports, animals, soccer, basketball, dance, purple Sylvia
2-22-05--Destiny from California will be 6--pink, purple, girly things Sherry
3-1-98--Jordan from Georgia will be 13--purple, orange, lime green Tina
3-2-09--Stellina from Mass. will be 2--pink, Dora the Explorer Lynn
3-4-99--Alissa from Michigan will be 12--horses, dogs, art, blue Lee
3-5-99--Amiah from Georgia will be 12--track, cheerleading, purple, turquoise, dogs Anita
3-9-04--Haley from California will be 7--monkey, elephants, purple, pink, blue Carin
3-11-06--Ariana from Texas will be 5--green, pink, dress-up, make-up, jewelry Katie
3-11-93--Chelsea from Michigan will be 18--music, ocean, marine animals, blue Anne M.
3-12-99--Tyler from Georgia will be 12--football, blue Carin
3-18-01--Jace from California will be 10--action figures Kat
3-24-97--Cori from Georgia will be 14--Dance (not ballet), orange Kat
3-14-00--Kaleb from Georgia will be 11--dragons, red, blue, green, gold Tina
3-14-00--Kalaun from Georgia will be 11--dragons, black, gold, blue orange Tina
3-15-95--Taylor from Georgia will be 16--Hello Kitty, pink Lynn
3-15-05--Raheem from Georgia will be 6--blue, soccer Pam
3-16-99--Devon from Georgia will be 12--Football, red Sara
3-18-06--Isaiah from Georgia will be 5--blue, soccer, cars, trucks Stephanie
3-19-04--Paul from New York will be 7-- horses, dogs, cats Silke
3-24-99--Emanuel from Georgia will be 12--Green, football Janelle
3-24-00--Steven from Georgia will be 11-- sports, football, brown, maroon, tan, gold Carin
3-26-08--Emma from Illinois will be 3--pink, numbers, letters, princesses, Dora the Explorer (twins with Adrianna) Linda
3-26-08--Adrianna from Illinois will be 3--pink, numbers, letters, princesses, Dora the Explorer (twins with emma) Linda
3-27-08-- Hailey from California will be 3--pink, blue, babies, Dora the Explorer Tina
3-28-97--Malique from Georgia will be 14--dogs Tina
4-1-00--Egypt from Georgia will be 11--red, orange, blue, purple Anita
4-1-99--Destiny from Georgia will be 12--cats, dogs, pink, purple Cathy M.
4-3-07--Ezekiel from California will be 4--green, baseball, batman, disney Cars movie Brittany
4-3-96--Keaton from New Jersey will be 15--Basketball, Syracuse basketball Brittany
4-7-99--Eboni from Georgia will be 12--polka dots, pink, purple, blue Linda
4-7-06--Michael from Texas will be 5--superheros, spiderman, superman, batman Kim
4-10-03--Amanda from Michigan will be 8--art, puppies, kittens, blue Amber
4-16-98--Laressa from Georgia will be 13--blue, black, basketball Anne M.
4-16-06--Javin from California will be 5--cartoons Tina
4-18-?--Jasmine from Georgia will be ?--dark purple, black, white, lime green, polka-dots, music notes Nikki
4-19-96--De'Anna from Georgia will be 15--purple, black, pink, dolphins, bunnies, dogs, swimming, skating, tennis, singing. Stephanie
4-20-10--Michael from Alabama will be 1--blue, green, sports, turtles Angela
4-21-95--Alexis from Georgia will be 16--pink, tennis, drums, teddy bears, hearts Peggy
4-24-93--Kayla from California will be 18--pink, ballet Elizabeth
4-25-00--David from Arizona will be 11--cars, red, blue, orange Ali
4-25-10-- Jaylin (female) will be 1--pink, purple, mom would like her name Jaylin Marie on the quilt somewhere Diana
5-1-97--Karleton from Georgia will be 14--blue, dogs, baseball Lynn
5-6-03--Ashley from Georgia will be 8--birds, dogs, hearts Anne M.
5-19-96--Latina from Georgia will be 15--zebra, black, white, dancing, singing Anne M.
5-23-08--BreyAnna from Kansas will be 3--pink, dogs, babies, shoes Suzanne
5-24-94--Jamarcus from Georgia will be 17--purple, swimming, basketball, football, wrestling Tina
5-28-08--Dresden from Florida will be 3--orange and dirt bikes Katie
6-1-11--Reagan's daddy will be coming home from prison today--beauty and the beast, snow white, cinderella, blue Tina
6-2-99--Joshua from Georgia will be 12--basketball, blue, red, black, white, yellow Quilting Bee
6-6-98--Danilee from Georgia will be 13--red, blue, dogs, cats Lori
6-10-94--Dominique from Georgia will be 17--purple, pink, horses, volleyball, ballet, dogs Tina
6-13-97--Tori from Georgia will be 14--Tweety Bird Lisa
6-23-09--Sabastian from Louisiana will be 2--dogs, hockey, football Maureen
6-23-98--Arsharra from Georgia will be 13--purple, pink, cats Nikki
6-30-99--Makayla from Georgia will be 12--pink, purple Nikole
7-2-02--Jordan from Arizona will be 9--cars, animals, yellow, orange, red, blue Quilting Bee
7-9-99--Kevin from Georgia will be 12--sports, basketball, football Tina
7-10-03--Jaden (boy) from California will be 8-- art Pat H.
7-12-99--Craig from Georgia will be 12--sports Beth
7-12-99 Gabrielle from Georgia will be 12--butterflies Beth
7-18-99--Krishay (girl) from Georgia will be 13--yellow, soccer, clarinet Lisa
7-22-08--Jaelyn from Michigan will be 3--purple, tinkerbell, farm animals, minnie mouse Amber
7-25-06-- Nariah from Colorado will be 5--pink, purple, princesses, pigs, cows Linda
7-26-06--Preston from Florida will be 5--orange, army Katie
7-30-97--Devlin from Georgia will be 14--music, red, black Kathy
7-31-93--Kristen from Georgia will be 18--soccer, softball, horses, bulldogs Breeanna
8-12-08--Jaydan from Texas will be 3--tractors, cars, trucks, Elmo, Cookie Monster Breeanna
8-16-02--Juan Carlos from Georgia will be 9--blue, white, green, Incredible Hulk Britt
8-18-98--Alicia from Georgia will be 13--pink Linda
8-20-95--Amber from Georgia will be 16--purple, lavender Janet
8-21-99--Samone from Georgia will be 12--reading, art, purple, teddy bears Pat H.
8-24-99--Alexis from Georgia will be12--Green, blue, yellow, NO PURPLE, clarinet, animals, bikes Quilting Bee
8-25-03--Taryn from Georgia will be 8--pink, purple, dolphins, monkeys, soccer, dancing Nikki
8-25-09--Peyton from Michigan will be 2--pink, Elmo, puppies Rachel
8-27-95--Emily from California will be 16--grey, photography Cathy
9-7-00--Trinitey from Ohio will be 11--blue, black, horses Maureen
9-9-94--Laron from Georgia will be 17--flying, Air Force, sports Lisa
9-9-94--Laron from Georgia will be 17--flying, Air Force, sports Lisa
9-12-97--Montevies from Georgia will be 14--sports Maureen
9-12-02--Terrell from Georgia will be 9--soccer, football, blue, red Marta
9-17-98-- Jared from California will be 13--baseball, football Dorothy
9-18-10--Reyanna from California will be 1--anything--use your imagination :)
9-21-95--Devante from Georgia will be 16--red, soccer Joan
9-21-08--Aracelee from Colorado will be 3--pink, pricesses, babies, puppies Lisa
10-4-09--King from Florida will be 2--animals, bright colors Kathy
10-6-01--Gabriel from Oklahoma will be 10--guitars, bright colors Pam
10-6-95--Brandy from Georgia will be 16--pink, dance Linda
10-7-98--Meyon from Georgia will be 13--purple, pink, cats Quilting Bee
10-8-97--Xavier from Georgia will be 14--football Sylvia
10-11--94--Delilah from California will be 17--air force Laurie
10-26-99--Joseph from Georgia will be 12--all animals, football Dorothy
10-27-10-- Olivia from California will be 1--pink, purple, Elmo, kittens, puppies Anita
10-27-08--Anthony from California will be 3--LA Lakers, Dallas Cowboys, LA Dodgers, trains, trucks Maryfrances
10-29-99--Imani from georgia will be 12--dogs, dancing, green, pink Nikki
10-31-03--Skila from Georgia will be 8--dance, Tinker Bell Teresa
10-31-93--Swan from Georgia will be 18--purple, animals Sherry V.
11-2-95-- Keyleon from Georgia will be 16--purple, gold, green, football, basketball Rachel
11-9-03--Blakeston from Georgia will 8--football, blue Tina
11-9-95--N'Tari from Georgia will be 16--Football, dogs, blue, black, white, basketball Quilting Bee
11-13-02--Winter from Georgia will be 9--Pink, purple, blue, grey Rachel
11-17-93--Dwaine from Georgia will be 18--football, blue, wrestling Anne M.
11-18-94--Kyana from Georgia will be 17--jewelry, blue, puppies Tina
11-25-96--Michael from Georgia will be 15--Black, Royal Blue Cross-country running Tina
11-27-96--Kyle from Georgia will be 15--red, black, baseball, football Linda
11-27-02--Frankee from California will be 9--pink, purple, tiaras, butterflies Quilting Bee
12-7-95--Alexsia from Georgia will be 16--basketball, orange, green Sherry V.
12-12-95--DeAundre from Georgia will be 16--blue, red, basketball Dorothy
12-12-??--Santana from Georgia will be ??--waiting for more information Carin
12-17-99--Harmony from Georgia will be 12--blue, pink, green, red Quilting Bee
12-18-01--Bryce from California will be 10--race cars, sports, hockey, basketball, football, bowling Emily
12-21-09--Daimion from Michigan will be 2--hunter green, cream, airplanes and buses Maureen
12-22-07--Eliza from California will be 4--red, yellow, pink, blue, kittens, dogs, rabbits, horses, ballet Linda
12-23-00--Kaela from Ohio will be 11--nature, animals, music, red Sue
12-25-00--Shavonda from Georgia will be 11--animals, turtles, all colors Pam


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Kao the Kangaroo Round 2 places gamers in the role of Kao, a brave kangaroo straight out of Australia. Players are challenged to save the world of animals from an evil hunter and his wicked henchmen. With over 30 challenging enemies to overcome, Kao players are equipped with an array of fighting techniques from boomerang throwing to devastating tail attacks. Kao the Kangaroo Round 2 features an action-packed single player mode, and offers various gameplay experiences, including platform action, fighting and racing.
Also known as: Kao the Kangaroo 2
Release Region: United States
Release Date: March 22, 2006
Publisher: JoWooD Entertainment AG
Release Region: United Kingdom
Release Date: April 15, 2005
Publisher: JoWooD Entertainment AG
Also available on: GameCube, PC, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable
For more info on these technical requirements and features, please view GameSpy's Specs FAQ.
Kao the Kangaroo Round 2 at IGN
Kao the Kangaroo Round 2 at GameSpy
Kao the Kangaroo Round 2 at TeamXbox
Kao the Kangaroo Round 2 at GameStats


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Hey guys!! YES!! it's true, I'm alive! Almost done for the semester and I am ready for a break!! I've been keeping the same polish on my nails for days at a time, which isn't like me, because I'm so busy!
Quick updates, my contest ends in just a few days!! Follow the link and post your mani! I told all of you about my son having a seizure a while ago, and last week we finally got in to see a pediatric neurologist, he diagnosed Brendan with epilepsy and started him on meds to prevent him from having seizures. Since we started the meds last Friday he has been sleeping better which in my mind is a good sign! We got the call today, and now his EEG is scheduled for May 21, keep your fingers crossed we get some good news!
So onto my nails, sorry these pics aren't in my light box, the family room (where I have it) is all torn up and I'm too lazy to go down there right now, haha. Five hours of yardwork Sunday will do that to ya! So anyway as a belated birthday present from the lovely Amy at I'm Feeling Nail-Venturous she sent me the amazing Floam! Talk about an awesome polish. I honestly cannot figure out how to explain it, it's blue, green and yellow what I guess you could call matte glitters? Whatever it is is awesome! I'm sure some of you know of it :)
This is two coats after TWO full days of wear, and still perfect!! Clean up is a &8^?/ but well worth it!
What do you guys think?
Until next time! Happy painting!
Wednesday, May 2, 2012
5 comments:
I've been trying to buy this polish at ninjapolish.com. It was in stock for a few hours, but I didn't make it in time:( I think it looks so neat and just love these indie brands!ReplyDelete
I am in love with this polish. Like Emily, I have been trying to obtain this polish as well!!!ReplyDelete
I hope they can figure out what is going on with your son! I've been going through the same thing with my little girl, who is only 2. :( Prayers sent your way!
OHMYGOSH!!! I'm sorry to hear about the epilepsy!! I hope the medication helps a lot!ReplyDelete
Ooh Floam is so pretty!!ReplyDelete
Gorgeous, one day I will own this polish!ReplyDelete
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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The Nike Footscape Woven Chukka has always been a particular sneaker with a very specific fan base, but we were definitely into it from the first day and appreciate the innovate, yet at first bizarre structure and amazing comfort.
For Spring 2013 Nike presents the Footscape Woven Chukka Knit in two colorways – flat gold and night stadium. Look out for a release of both sneakers come February 2013.


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College's 4th Annual Latin Festival Friday Eveningby Howard W. Hewitt • April 6, 2006 Share:
Wabash College's fourth annual Latin American Festival will be celebrated Friday with a best-selling author, music, and dinner.
Acclaimed author Victor Villasenor will speak in Baxter 101 at 4:30 p.m. His talk is titled: "The Power of Ancestry and The Wisdom to Know When to Change With The Changing Times." His presentation will be followed buy a Latino dinner in Detchon Hall. Entertainment will be provided by Mariachi Sol Jaliscience.
The annual festival is sponsored by Unidos Por Sangre Organization, UPS. UPS is a student organization formed to bring awareness to the College and community of the history, heritage, and culture of Hispanic students.
Villasenor will talk about his life and the difficulties of Latino immigrants in America. He covers the struggle Latinos feel to keep their own heritage while learning to blend into American society in order to survive.
Villasenor was born in California and spoke only Spanish until starting school. After struggling with language and cultural barriers, he dropped out of high school and moved to Mexico. But it was there he discovered art, literature, and music that helped him understand the dignity and richness of his heritage.
He returned to the United States at age 20 and started to confront through literature the problems associated with his cultural heritage. After producing nine novels, 65 short stories, and receiving 265 rejections, Villasenor sold his first novel, Macho!. The Los Angeles Times compared the book to the best of Steinbeck.
That success led to the publication of his best known work, Rain of Gold. Published in seven languages and used in schools throughout the nations, Rain of Gold tells the story of Victor's family, taking the reader from war-torn Mexico during the revolution to the present day.
He has written a number of nonfiction books since that success and become a sought-after lecturer.
Villaseñor's commitment to world peace and harmony is demonstrated through "Snow Goose Global Thanksgiving", his non-profit organization established to promote peace throughout the world.


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sound needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 138 designs submitted by 49 freelance designers.
This is for joltservers.com - I haven't yet decided if the site will be a light or dark background, so I'd like to see logos on both white and black backgrounds.
Jolt Servers
The site name is JoltServers.com - so I'd like something cool, technical, web 2.0 and probably with lightening.
- lightening or electricity
- color scheme hasn't yet been decided so i'm open to a variety of color combos
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Exchange Server 2007 NearsBy Peter Galli | Posted 2006-07-24 Print
The second beta is designed to reassure users worried about increased training costs.
Microsoft is hoping that the release of the public second beta of Exchange Server 2007 on July 24 will undo some of the harm caused by the limited-release first beta, which was feature-incomplete and provided little of the familiar Exchange GUI.
The lack of GUI led to the widespread belief that there would be significant training costs associated with learning the new command-line interface in Exchange Server 2007.
Beta 2 includes an improved Exchange Management Console, the GUI that simplifies the navigation tree to three layers. It also includes the new Exchange Management Shell, the command-line interface formerly known as Monad that automates routine and repetitive tasks.
Terry Myerson, general manager of Microsoft's Exchange Server group, acknowledged that the feature-incomplete Beta 1 release, with its limited user interface, "scared the heck out of users" and led to the incorrect belief that the only way to manage Exchange Server 2007 would be through the command line.
"This is the most customer-focused release I have ever worked on at Microsoft, and we just need to get some of our messaging right," Myerson said. "Yes, we need to give GUI users GUI, but I know they also need a command line. With Beta 2, we give them both. The fear that they will be forced to learn the command line will hopefully go away."
There had even been initial concern about the command-line issue inside Microsoft, with Derek Ingalls, general manager of the Redmond, Wash., company's IT messaging and collaboration services, worried that all his administrators and those on the help desks and in the operations team who managed Exchange would have to be retrained.
"What we found was that our Exchange administrators naturally gravitated to the command line over time," Ingalls said.
The visceral reaction to the command line also dissipated among customers getting early access to the product through the Exchange TAP (Technology Adoption Program) as they received updates "pumped out" by the UI team, "which is focused on usability [as never before]," Myerson said.
Brian Tirch, a senior engineer for the U.S. Army's Advanced Technologies directorate, in Fort Belvoir, Va., is one such TAP member. Tirch told eWeek that, having grown up using Windows, "I tend to stray away from the command line. But being an early adopter has allowed me to get past that bias and work closer with [the] Monad [scripting environment, now known as Exchange Management Shell.]"
"I am glad to see that everything that can be done via the GUI can be done via a command line. Each task in the GUI is a set of commands that are shown before or after the task is run," Tirch said. "This is nice because one can copy the commands and use them to build scripts."
Regarding the improved GUI and early fears that this might also involve a hefty learning curve, Tirch said that should not be the case, as the GUI is easy to navigate. However, numerous tasks have been added or moved, which will mean a learning curve of another sort for Exchange administrators, he said.
Keith McCall, a former Exchange executive at Microsoft and now chief technology officer at Azaleos, is also upbeat about the GUI. Redmond-based Azaleos offers an Exchange 2003 appliance that provides remote maintenance, proactive monitoring, patch management, system fixes and reporting.
Read the full story on eWEEK.com: Exchange Server 2007 Nears
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In order to further our mission we must make sure to get the word out about the high values that we hold dear. One of the great American traditions, dating back to the shot heard round the world in Concord New Hampshire, is the time honored "Letter to the Editor". It is up to you - Joe Tea Partier - to get the world our in the finer newspapers (meaning newspapers outside of the "Lamestream Media") by writing letters for submission. This may be difficult, fortunately we have instructions for you to follow.
1) Title: The title of your letter will discuss the topic at hand. Please include the word "Force" or some derivative. The letter should discuss one of the following key topics - Taxes, Abortion, Taxes, Gay Marriage, or Taxes.
2) Credentials: Immediately start your letter showing your bonafides. Depending on the topic, either indicate that you are a "small business person" - either in a hard-workin' profession like "plumber" or as a "job creator in a new fangled industry" (taxes) or discuss your faith (abortion, Gay Marriage). If the topic is taxes, be as vague as possible about your occupation, if a faith based topic be as painfully detailed as possible.
3) Blue/Red State Dichotomy: "Dichotomy" is a fancy liberal word for difference. Indicate that you are in a blue state, but that it is really really bad there due to instrusive spread the wealth socialism and loose morals, and that you are sadly going to have to abandon the blue state for a true American Red State.
4) Distribution: Send the letter to a "Certified Patriot Newspaper" in a Blue State, preferably one as far away as possible. Indicate your sympathy for patriots living in that godless high tax state.
High taxes are forcing state business exodus
I have a multimillion-dollar Internet business in Chicago. Due to tax hikes, I will be leaving Chicago, but not because I am greedy. I cannot afford to pay 60 percent in taxes and expect to survive my competitors. I was looking to open my business in California, either Los Angeles or San Francisco. After calculating the taxes, I could not afford to bring my business to any placein California.
I would have the same problem in California that I had in Illinois. But not only would my business not survive in California, my 10 employees could not afford to live there, and I was told that their taxes would be just more than 50 percent of their income. Final decision: We are all moving to Florida. There, we will only have to pay up to 40 percent in taxes. My business would still be competitive and I think I can hire 10 more employees.
I wrote this letter to inform Californians of the reason that businesses can not survive in the state and have left to move to low-tax areas in the country.
Ann Martinelli, Largo, Fla.
5) Proofreading: Never fear. The "Certified Patriot Newspaper" will do all the necessary spellchecking for you. Do not worry about fact checking. Saying you live in Chicago and are "moving to" Florida, yet your byline says you are in Florida is unimportant. The fact you say you have a "multimillion-dollar Internet business", yet you don't exist on Linked In, nor can any reference to your name be connected to any business at all via "The Google" is just fodder for liberal busybodies who don't work hard and earn an honest day's pay. Nevermind that the City that the "Certified Patriot Newspaper" is in just rolled out a huge tax break for a "multiBILLION-dollar Internet business" that employs thousands of people, or that you aren't very likely to attract the calibre of "internet programmer people" (a.k.a. liberals) to employ in Largo, Florida that you would in Chicago, Los Angeles, or San Francisco. These are just details that the godless left will use to try to besmirch your patriotic vision.


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Student Profiles: Special Education MA Archives
Molly Nagel
Byon October 23, 2013 3:15 PM
Molly Nagel was born in San Francisco and raised in Marin County. She attended College of Marin and then Sonoma State in the 1970's where she earned a B.S in Psychology.
Early on Molly had an interest in teaching special education. Her mother was a SPED student who was very well-supported by her teachers growing up; Molly felt passionately about doing for others what they did for her mother, in catering to her special needs.
She worked for a family business for a long time, until the business closed and she was given the opportunity to pursue a new career path. She worked as a resource teacher and later became a full-inclusive SPED teacher at the high school level. She decided to further her education, and completed the SPED and Educational Leadership Master's program in May of this year.
Molly believes that great teachers can make a difference in the lives of children with significant learning disabilities. She wants to better understand how they learn, and believes every student can. She hopes to be able to teach fellow educators about inclusion and supporting students with disabilities. She also hopes to create professional development opportunities to help fellow Special Ed teachers.
She wants to convey that her experience at SSU has been wonderful. She has enjoyed her professors and teachers and feels very well prepared for the job. Specifically the program has bettered her understand of how people learn and how to modify curriculum to fit individual needs.
Erin Hartelt
Byon October 22, 2013 2:16 PM
Erin Hartelt grew up not far from here in the East Bay. She attended Cal Poly San Luis Obispo as an undergrad, where she studied pre-med before eventually switching to psychology. After college she started working as a low level social worker. She left that position to become a full-inclusion aid, which fueled her interest in pursuing Special Education.
Erin chose SSU because her family is from around the area. She earned a Special Ed credential for mild-moderate disabilities in 2009. She became an intern for Bellevue Union School District. After some time, she decided she wanted to know more and returned to SSU to get her Master's in Special Education.
She enjoys the challenge of working with students that have a wide range of different needs. She finds it rewarding to help them meet their goals and grow. Erin is able to bond with the kids, which can be difficult for some adults. She loves children and working with them in the small classroom sizes. The small group sizes allow her to focus on the whole child and ensure that all of their individual needs are being met.
She wants to continue learning how to become a better teacher, leader, and role model for her students. She feels that continuing her education will help her attain these goals.
The tough balancing act of attending classes, working, and raising a family can be challenging, but Hartelt says it's worth it. She's had great professors and a very positive experience at SSU. She enjoys the ability to think about what she wants to learn and guide her own education.


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Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported. Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who have discontinued antihepatitis B therapy (including lamivudine) or who are coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV-1 and have discontinued lamivudine; monitor hepatic function upon discontinuation of therapy. Epivir(R) tablets and oral solution (used to treat HIV-1 infection) contain a higher dose of the active ingredient (lamivudine) than Epivir-HBV(R) tablets and oral solution (used to treat chronic hepatitis B infection). Patients with HIV-1 infection should receive only dosage forms appropriate for treatment of HIV-1. Epivir-HBV(R) is not approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. HIV-1 resistance may emerge in chronic hepatitis B-infected patients with unrecognized or untreated HIV-1 infection; offer HIV counseling and testing to all patients prior to beginning treatment with Epivir-HBV(R) and periodically during therapy .
Antiretroviral Agent
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
Lamivudine is used in combination with other medicines for the treatment of the infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Lamivudine will not cure or prevent HIV infection or AIDS. It helps keep HIV from reproducing and appears to slow down the destruction of the immune system. This may help delay the development of serious health problems usually related to AIDS or HIV disease from occurring. Lamivudine will not keep you from spreading HIV to other people. People who receive this medicine may continue to have other problems usually related to AIDS or HIV disease.
Lamivudine is also used to treat chronic (long-term) hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although this use is not included in product labeling, lamivudine is used in certain patients with the following medical condition:
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of lamivudine for the treatment of HIV infection in children 3 months to 16 years of age. However, safety and efficacy have not been established in children younger than 3 months of age.
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of lamivudine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection in children 2 to 17 years of age. However, safety and efficacy have not been established in children younger than 2 years of age.
Older adults
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of lamivudine in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related kidney, liver, or heart problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving lamivudine.
|Pregnancy Category
|All Trimesters
|Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.
There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Other medicines
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Other interactions
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.
Other medical problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
Take this medicine exactly as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered.
This medicine comes with a patient information leaflet. Read and follow the instructions carefully. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.
Epivir® and Epivir-HBV® both contain the same medicine, but Epivir® has more medicine in each tablet or dose of liquid. Use only the brand of this medicine that your doctor prescribed. If you have HIV or AIDS, you need to use Epivir®. If you have hepatitis B but you do not have HIV or AIDS, you can use Epivir-HBV®.
Your doctor may want to test you for HIV before you start using Epivir-HBV® and during your treatment. Your medicine may need to be changed based on these test results.
It is important to take Epivir® as part of a combination regimen. Take all of the medicines your doctor prescribed at the right time of day. This will make your medicines work better.
Keep taking lamivudine for the full time of treatment, even if you or your child begin to feel better. Do not stop taking it without checking first with your doctor. When your supply of the medicine is running low, contact your doctor or pharmacist ahead of time. Do not allow yourself to run out of the medicine.
If you are using the oral liquid, use a specially marked measuring spoon, dosing syringe, or medicine cup to measure each dose accurately. The average household teaspoon may not hold the right amount of liquid.
The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
Note: Patients that require treatment for both hepatitis B and either AIDS or HIV should follow the dosing schedule for HIV or AIDS.
Missed dose
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.
It is very important that your doctor check the progress of you or your child at regular visits to make sure that this medicine is working properly. Blood and urine tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.
Do not use this medicine if you or your child is also taking zalcitabine or medicines containing emtricitabine or lamivudine (eg, Atripla®, Combivir®, Complera®, Emtriva®, Epzicom®, Stribild®, Trizivir®, Truvada®). Tell your doctor right away if you are using any of these medicines.
Two rare but serious reactions to this medicine are lactic acidosis (build-up of acid in the blood) and liver toxicity, including an enlarged liver. These are more common if you are female, very overweight (obese), or have been taking anti-HIV medicines for a long time. Call your doctor right away if you or your child has stomach discomfort or cramping, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, a decreased appetite, a general feeling of discomfort, muscle cramping or pain, unusual tiredness or weakness, trouble breathing, or yellow skin or eyes.
This medicine may cause worsening of hepatitis B infection when treatment is stopped.
Pancreatitis may occur while you are using Epivir®. Tell your doctor right away if you or your child has sudden and severe stomach pain, chills, constipation, nausea, vomiting, fever, or lightheadedness.
Your immune system may get stronger when you start taking Epivir®. This could cause a hidden infection in your body to become active. Tell your doctor right away if you or your child notice any changes in your health.
Epivir® may cause you or your child to have excess body fat. Tell your doctor right away if you notice changes in your body shape, including an increased amount of body fat in the neck or upper back, face, around the chest, or stomach area. You might also lose fat from your legs, arms, or face.
Lamivudine does not decrease the risk of transmitting HIV infection to others through sexual contact or by contamination through blood. HIV may be acquired from or spread to others through infected body fluids, including blood, vaginal fluid, or semen. If you are infected, it is best to avoid any sexual activity involving an exchange of body fluids with other people. If you do have sex, always wear (or have your partner wear) a condom ("rubber"). Only use condoms made of latex or polyurethane and use them every time you have contact with semen, vaginal secretions, or blood. Also, do not re-use or share needles or equipment with anyone. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.
Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


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PRETORIA (Reuters) - Double-amputee Olympic and Paralympic sprinter Oscar Pistorius can't flee dangerous situations and has a "heightened fight response" due to his disability, a defense witness told his murder trial on Thursday.
Pistorius, who had his lower-legs amputated at birth, could face life in prison if he is found guilty of murdering his law graduate and model girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp, whom he shot and killed at his home in Pretoria on Valentine's Day last year.
His defense team have sought throughout the trial to portray Pistorius as a vulnerable individual who killed 29-year-old Steenkamp accidentally after mistaking her for an intruder hiding behind a closed toilet door.
The prosecution has argued that Pistorius is a gun-obsessed hot-head who regularly lost his temper with Steenkamp.
Sports psychology expert Professor Wayne Derman told the Pretoria High Court on Thursday that Pistorius had a life-long fear of crime and would be more likely to confront danger when standing on his stumps, as he was when he shot Steenkamp.
"He is not able to flee because of his disability, his fight response dominates his behavior ... resulting in an exaggerated fight response which culminated in this horrific tragedy," Derman said.
The trial was adjourned until Monday after state prosecutor Gerrie Nel asked for more time to consult one of the psychiatrists who participated in the evaluation of Pistorius to clarify technical aspects of Derman's testimony.
The murder trial resumed this week after a month-long break for Pistorius, known as 'Blade Runner' because of the carbon-fibre prosthetics he uses in competition, to undergo psychiatric evaluation.
The court heard on Monday that the athlete was not suffering from a mental condition when he shot Steenkamp, meaning he had the ability to distinguish between the rightful or wrongful nature of his actions.
Pistorius was once revered around the world as the ultimate example of triumph over adversity as he overcame his disability to compete alongside able-bodied athletes at the London 2012 Olympics.
Reporting by Mfuneko Toyana and Siyabonga Sishi; Editing by Joe Brock


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Pleistocene Park
Building of the Park started in 1996. At that time was built first 50 ha paddock and were introduced first animals – horses and moose. In 2004-2005 was built bigger fence with put boundary around 1600 ha territory. After that first reindeers were introduced. In 2010 first group of musk ox from Wrangel were brought to the park, and in spring of 2011 first bison and wapiti appeared in the park.
Park is located 25 km to the south from the Station. Approximately 60% of the current park territory is situated in the flood plain. There dominate willow shrubland and tussock grasslands. Rest of the territory is situated on the yedoma hills, and mostly dominated by larch forest and drained lake alas grasslands.
Tower in the park with equipment to measure CH4 and CO2 fluxes over the whole park territory. It was installed in 2007


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Stevens becomes College of Business dean emeritus
Kim Chaudoin |
Turney Stevens, dean of Lipscomb University's College of Business since 2008, is moving to a new role as dean emeritus of the college, Provost W. Craig Bledsoe announced today.
As dean emeritus, Stevens will focus on development initiatives and will continue in his role as executive director of Lipscomb's Hilton and Sallie Dean Institute for Corporate Governance and Integrity.
Ray Eldridge, senior associate dean and professor of management in the college, will become the interim dean, effective May 31.
"Turney Stevens is a seasoned and successful professional who has enhanced our business program by bringing his expertise to the academic world," Bledsoe said. "Under his leadership, the college has doubled its enrollment in graduate programs, added several innovative new programs and added 12 new full-time faculty, 10 of whom are at the doctoral level and most of whom have been involved hands-on in successful businesses for a number of years."
During his tenure, Stevens lead the college through several significant achievements including the founding of the Dean Institute, which resulted in the college being named as one of the top 100 business ethics programs in the world by Ethisphere Magazine; becoming the first college of business in Tennessee and the fourth in the nation to achieve specialized accreditation for its accounting program from the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs; founding of the college's Center for Global Connectedness and Collaboration, part of an initiative to enhance the school's impact and footprint in global business, especially for underserved countries; establishment of the college's Center for Entrepreneurship and an academic program to develop entrepreneurial business thinking; and the beginning of the area's first supply chain management program established in cooperation with Hang Seng Management College in Hong Kong, the first globally partnered program of its kind in Middle Tennessee.
Under Stevens' leadership, the college became one of only 15 percent of business schools in the nation to require a global study and travel experience in order to graduate with a master's degree. Additionally during his tenure, the college became the first in Tennessee to offer tuition free Master of Business Administration degrees for Post-9/11 GI Bill veterans. The college has also been named among the top 25 business schools in the nation for veterans.
"Turney's influence and accomplishments while dean of this college have stretched as far away as the other side of the globe and as near as Middle Tennessee," President L. Randolph Lowry said. "He came to the university with significant decades of achievement in business and translated that success to the classroom. He also came with a strong sense of Christian commitment and ethical values which has made a clear mark on the nature of education offered in this college."
New interim dean Ray Eldridge has a bachelor's degree from The Citadel, master's degrees from Syracuse University and Golden Gate University and a Ph.D. from the University of Sarasota. Prior to joining the Lipscomb faculty in 2008, he completed more than 20 years as a U.S. Army officer, served in professorships at Syracuse University and Freed-Hardeman University and was dean of Freed-Hardeman's School of Business for three years.
Eldridge has received numerous academic recognitions for his work as well as serving on the Board of Commissioners for ACBSP, a national accrediting body for business education.
Each year, the Lipscomb University College of Business educates more than 450 undergraduate students and 200 graduate students in 16 undergraduate programs and four graduate degrees. Last year, more students sat for the Certified Public Accounting exam from Lipscomb University than from any other private college in the state.


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Save 10% Off on Pizza Package
Book now and save 10% off on Pizza Package on our hotel in La Mesa California!
HeritageInnLaMesa.com | 7851 Fletcher Parkway La Mesa, CA 91942 | Pizza Package
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Offer for 10% off is valid during bookings from now until January 31, 2013. Package price of $69.99 includes all applicable
taxes and fees.
May book additional nights. Hurry this promotion won't last long!


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CahillAdams needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 294 designs submitted by 67 freelance designers.
Cahill Adams
Cahill Adams is an "innovation" company that helps emerging businesses take their great business ideas/innovations to realization. By working with Cahill Adams, businesses realize a higher probability of success and a shorter path to get there. After going through our "Realization Engine", these companies can accelerate their business success in ways they never could before.
Target Audience:
• Investor Groups
o High Net worth investors (individuals)
o Venture Capital Firms
• Emerging and innovative small businesses that are privately held
o Entrepreneurs
Good Leadership Fit
High Integrity
o Industries range from IT (software as a service) to financial services to healthcare (non-device)
Target Audience Needs/Wants:
• Trust/Confidence: Need a trusted source with deep business experience; Want to work with an established, diversified company
• Higher Probability of Success: Want the innovation or great business idea to be successful
• Shorter Path to Get There: Want the business to be successful quickly
• From Innovation to Realization: Want to make money from their idea/innovation
• Include tagline: Innovation Realized.
• Tone: trusted, safe hands, experienced, corporate, established, professional, responsible, ethical
• Design Feel: professional, contemporary, "less is more", simple, clean
• Must be able to have the design in its native file: Photoshop or Illustrator along with the standard files: .gif, .jpeg, etc.
• Would like suggestions for a color palate to accompany the logo
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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