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I wear fur. Well I have fur coats and I used to wear them a lot more than I do now. I have four of them. All vintage. The one I'm wearing in this photo I purchased for $40. It's the warmest coat I own, but I don't wear it that much because it's feels showy, maybe too glamorous. And if I wore it to pick up my kids from preschool it would feel as if I was wearing a ball gown with a tiara. Sure the tiara would be a hit with the kids, but would the dead rabbit annoy some of the other parents? Do I need to sew a button on it that says "It's okay. It's vintage."
Because I do feel that makes it okay. The animal has long been dead -- we're talking gone for 30 or 40 years -- and the coats are just floating around in vintage stores and Etsy shops waiting to keep someone really warm in the winter. Wearing a vintage fur coat is just like recycling. It's eco-friendly in it's own way.
So why do I find it so hard to wear for the everyday?
More from The Stir: The Leopard Coat: My Personal Exception to the No Faux Fur Rule
Maybe I worry that since I'm a mom now, the act of picking up my kids -- up and down and up and down -- would just make my fur coat shed causing a trail of dead bunny rabbit hairs all over the place? Would it be weird to be in a fur coat and pushing my kid on a swing at the park? Just as odd as say, wearing heels at the playground. I've done that. I can do this, too.
What is stopping me from wearing my fur? Maybe it's because I don't live in NYC anymore and I'm upstate in a crunchy town? Then I saw Pam. Her daughter is in class with my twins. Pam always looks gorgeous even when just coming from a run. I can't even run so the fact that she can and still look that good is incredible in my book. There she was in a faux fur coat picking her child up from school. Instantly glamorous without overdoing it. Perfect.
The look of real fur versus fake fur is essentially the same. No stigma attached to the fake one though, and no chance of shedding. But the style, the way it's plush and cozy and warm and fancy, is there.
Pam's faux fur has given me the courage to wear my real fur. My vintage real fur. Or shall I just start calling it my eco-fur coat.
Do you wear vintage fur? Do you think it's okay to wear fur?
Images via Michele Zipp


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Craig vs. Law on the Argument from Contamination
The article I'm talking about is Craig's recent Stephen Law on the Non-existence of Jesus of Nazareth (n.d.). Which is supposed to be a response to Law's Evidence, Miracles and the Existence of Jesus (which was published in Faith and Philosophy 28.2 [April 2011]: 129-51). In his inept reply, Craig gets Bayesian reasoning wrong and conceals key facts from his readers. It looks more like a con than a sincere attempt to educate.
Law's argument is that in documents with a disturbingly high quantity of unbelievable claims, we have no reason to trust the mundane claims in those documents either, without some reliable external corroboration (the bogus material thus "contaminates" the rest with heightened suspicion). His argument is valid and sound. And he develops it in Faith & Philosophy very well and clearly, addressing all reasonable objections and providing examples proving his case. Almost none of which Craig mentions or responds to.
Basic Blunders from the Word "Go"The first thing wrong with his reply is that though Craig knows Law's article exists in a philosophy journal, he doesn't address the exact form of the argument found there, or any of the discussion of it there. Straw man. Right out of the gate. Readers will be misled into thinking Craig is responding to the version of the argument that passed (and thus satisfied) formal peer review. He is not.
Second, instead of respectfully just explaining Law's actual position (Law is a historicity agnostic, not a historicity denier), Craig loads in a bunch of material quoting his exchange with Law in a debate, I can only fathom in some attempt to make Law look confused, although it really just makes Craig look disingenuous. Ultimately, it just wastes our time with unnecessary verbiage we could have not bothered with. Law is a historicity agnostic. Craig should just say that and move on.
Third, Craig jaw-droppingly says this:
When I first encountered this article in my debate preparation, my first thought was that only a philosophy journal would publish such a piece! This article would never have made it past the peer-review process for a journal of New Testament or historical studies.Wait. Did that just happen? Did I just see William Lane Craig diss the whole peer review process of all philosophy journals? William Lane Craig, a guy widely published in philosophy journals and proudly citing his articles in them whenever he can? Who even goes out of his way to emphasize that these philosophy journals he's published in are peer reviewed? Is that what just happened here? Why, yes. Yes, it is.
I eagerly await Craig's announcement that all his articles published in philosophy journals "would never have made it past the peer-review process for a journal of New Testament or historical studies" (or cosmological science, the subject of many of his articles in the very same journal: Faith & Philosophy) and should therefore be dismissed as unreliable garbage. Wouldn't that be the day.
Let's pretend Craig didn't just declare the peer review quality of philosophy journals (and thus half his own life's work) to be worthless (even the journal he himself has published a dozen articles in). Law's argument is an argument in inductive logic and epistemology, within the general umbrella of philosophy of history. It barely even belongs in "a journal of New Testament or historical studies" and most would likely tell him it's on a subject they don't cover. By contrast, Law's article certainly belongs in a journal dealing with "faith and philosophy."
Apart from all this being funny, I mention it because for Craig to actually eat his own foot with this inane argument is evincing a sad decline in his ability to argue well. We're eleven paragraphs into his rebuttal of Law, and we have yet to encounter a single relevant argument against Law's article.
Six Well-Qualified Agnostics Is More Than NoneFourth, Craig foolishly (?) trusts Bart Ehrman's claim (by quoting it) that "there is not a single mythicist who teaches New Testament or Early Christianity or even Classics at any accredited institution of higher learning in the Western world." Oh, dear. Yes there is. If we follow Craig's own implied equivocation (that agnostics like Law are to be included in this statement…otherwise it is a non sequitur to cite this statement against Law).
Arthur Droge, professor of early Christianity at UCSD, and Kurt Noll, associate professor of religion at Brandon University, are both on record as historicity agnostics. That's two.
[See: A.J. Droge, "Jesus and Ned Lud[d]: What's in a Name?" CAESAR: A Journal for the Critical Study of Religion and Human Values 3.1 [2009]: 23-25; Kurt Noll, "Investigating Earliest Christianity without Jesus," "Is this not the Carpenter?" The Question of the Historicity of the Figure of Jesus, ed. Thomas Thompson and Thomas Verenna [2012]: 233-66.]
And if we discard the irrelevant criteria of "currently employed at a university" and "has exactly the specific degree I want" as dirty dodges (which allow Ehrman to pretend retired professors of considerable renown don't count, as well as other fully qualified experts) then we must add four more:
Thomas Thompson, professor of theology at the University of Copenhagen (now emeritus) [The Messiah Myth: The Near Eastern Roots of Jesus and David (2005)] and Thomas Brodie, director of the Dominican Biblical Centre at the University of Limerick, Ireland (now emeritus) [Beyond the Quest for the Historical Jesus: A Memoir of a Discovery (2012)] and Robert Price (who has two Ph.D.'s from Drew University, in theology and New Testament studies) and myself (with a Ph.D. in ancient history from Columbia University, and whose book On the Historicity of Jesus defending basic Jesus mythicism will soon be published by a major peer reviewed academic press [news I'll be blogging shortly]).
That's six qualified experts and two peer reviewed books by a major biblical studies press. Granted, Craig and Ehrman might not have known of all these men, but they certainly knew some of them, and can no longer claim not to know the rest. Ehrman and Craig's statements must now be retracted as demonstrably false. So much for that argument. Of course, they'll just retreat from "none" to "only a few," but going from none to a few is a trend. Take heed.
Craig's point was that no expert would be convinced by this. As he claims, "Law's argument for scepticism about Jesus would not be taken seriously by bona fide historical scholars." Ooops. That argument is simply unsound. Because its key premise is false. Six bona fide historical scholars take it seriously. Two even hold relevant university positions. Two are respected emeritus professors. And two more have relevant Ph.D.'s. and at least one of them has gotten a book questioning the historicity of Jesus through academic peer review by sitting professors of Early Christianity or New Testament studies.
And note, those I've named are just those who happen to have gone on record. I think Craig and Ehrman are hugely underestimating the potential agreement in the historical community with the agnosticism of Law, Droge, and others. I also don't think so many supporters of historicity share Craig and Ehrman's loathing of historicity challengers. Philip Davies, Emeritus Professor of Biblical Studies at the University of Sheffield (UK), affirms historicity but still regards doubting it to be a respectable hypothesis in the field and has even made a defense of the point. How many others share his perspective? How many will do once they are properly informed? (And not misinformed by the likes of Bart Ehrman.)
But note what just happened here. Craig is using a flagrant fallacy of argument from authority. Even if his facts were right (and they're not), it does not matter whether all historians would reject Law's conclusion without having seen his argument for it. Yet that is how Craig wants his readers to reason. Ehrman has not read (and in the quoted work is not responding to) Stephen Law's article in Faith & Philosophy. So in what way is what Ehrman said relevant to Law's argument? Not one valid whit. In what way is the consensus position on historicity relevant to Law's argument? Not one valid whit. The only way to know if Law's conclusion is unsound or invalid is to examine the argument itself. Because no amount of authority can trump a logically valid and sound argument.
Craig should know that. And for him to expect his readers not to know that, and worse, for him to exploit that ignorance (of logical fallacies) in his readers, should shame him. Will it?
Wait, Did You Think to Check Your Authorities?At this point Craig mentions me in a footnote. He is aware that I have exposed gross errors of fact and logic in Ehrman's book–and article, which Craig is relying on for his authority. So he knows he has to try and inoculate his readers against this. But in doing so Craig betrays why no one can trust him. Because he engages in a fundamental, and embarrassing, act of deception here.
Craig says "Carrier commits a number of blunders," in my expose of Ehrman's article, "which are pointed out soberly by Butler University NT scholar James McGrath," yet Craig conveniently doesn't tell people that I schooled McGrath on this, and that he in fact was shown to have blundered–badly–and to have not even understood basic facts about ancient history (see McGrath on the Amazing Infallible Ehrman). More importantly, McGrath did not adequately defend the gross errors in Ehrman's article. (For a subsequent rundown of McGrath's six mistakes: [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6].)
Craig must surely know this. Yet he doesn't tell his readers about it. He cleverly doesn't include the hyperlink of my reply to McGrath. And that looks to me like a deliberate act of deception. It means you cannot trust Craig to give you the whole story. It means you can assume he will omit and conceal facts known to him that undermine what he is saying. Now every time you read him, you have to always be asking in the back of your mind, "Hmmm. What isn't he telling me? What facts or references is he deliberately leaving out?"
That's a bad blunder for Craig. Because it's so easily exposed. It's also embarrassing, because in the link he omitted, I show McGrath to have made embarrassing mistakes in his claims about ancient history, yet here Craig is resting his authority on McGrath being informed and correct. As soon as Craig's readers find out that McGrath badly botched this and in fact didn't know what he was talking about, Craig will then be pegged as someone who either was so uninformed he didn't know McGrath made such rookie mistakes, or was so dishonest he didn't care and assumed no one would ever find out.
I don't know how anyone can ever trust anything Craig argues once they become aware of this.
P1: What Do You Think "Extraordinary" Evidence Means?Okay. So now we finally get to a relevant argument against Law's article. Or sort of. Craig at least now responds to Law's actual argument, challenging four premises. He first attacks the premise that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." This is old bull from Craig, and many will have heard his nonsense on this before, but it bears repeating because he now implicitly appeals to Bayesian reasoning…and gets it wrong.
Craig correctly says "what's crucial is the probability that we should have the evidence we do if the extraordinary event had not occurred," but fails to notice how this in fact confirms "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence," in direct contradiction to his claim that "in fact [that principle] is demonstrably false." That he thinks "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence" is false because "what's crucial is the probability that we should have the evidence we do if the extraordinary event had not occurred," an inference that is logically invalid, is suggested by what he says here:
Probability theorists studying what sort of evidence it would take to establish a highly improbable event came to realize that if you just weigh the improbability of the event against the reliability of the testimony, we'd have to be sceptical of many commonly accepted claims. Rather what's crucial is the probability that we should have the evidence we do if the extraordinary event had not occurred.That second sentence is correct. The first sentence is not.
I cover this subject in Proving History (see "miracles" in the index). But it's worth revisiting it here, particularly as Craig keeps using this error in his apologetics ministry. Note that Craig is insisting not only that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence" is false, but that it is demonstrably false. So when I show you the contrary, that it is in fact demonstrably true, you will understand how unreliable Craig is when it comes to grasping and articulating any sound theory of evidence.
Craig implies an equivalence of terms between "extraordinary" and "improbable," which is correct, although it can disguise a shell game. How improbable a claim has to be before it is classed as "extraordinary" might differ for any two people. And in this case especially, Law is classing as "extraordinary" events of extraordinary improbability, not just merely improbable events. This is clear from the examples and discussion in his article (all of which Craig completely ignores).
Craig uses this ambiguity to play a shell game with the word "improbability," starting with it meaning one thing (what Law means by "extraordinary") and ending with it meaning something else, whatever it needs to mean for Craig to get the conclusion he wants (a classic equivocation fallacy). I have heard him on other occasions use the example of winning a lottery, which is improbable and therefore "an extraordinary claim." But that's a fallacy. Law in no way means by "extraordinary" such mundane events as winning lotteries. He means claims whose truth is vastly less probable than that, so improbable that we (even Craig) usually don't believe them.
Though I suspect this is not a mistake of logic on Craig's part. I suspect he does this on purpose to deliberately con people into thinking he has reached a valid conclusion. But even if it's not the latter, it's still the former. And either way, he (or his readers) need to be schooled on the correct way to reason about extraordinary claims, especially as Law intends that phrase. And since Craig is supposed to be responding to Law, Craig is morally obligated to only use the phrase as Law clearly intends it (which is why I see this as a moral failure on Craig's part, as otherwise it would reflect a profound lack of intelligence in failing to grasp Law's actual point, and Craig has never displayed evidence of being that unintelligent, so I am forced to conclude he is being dishonest).
Even using the ambiguous translation of "extraordinary" as "improbable," the proposition "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence" becomes "improbable claims require improbable evidence." Once translated, it should be evident that Craig's own premises establish this proposition as demonstrably true. Bayes' Theorem entails that when the prior probability of a claim being true is low (which is what "improbable" means), the probability of the evidence on any other explanation (by which the claim is false) has to be low (hence, again, "improbable"). Otherwise, the claim is probably false. Thus, "improbable claims require improbable evidence." QED. [Carrier, Proving History (2012), pp. 114-17.]
That is how in fact we measure the reliability of testimony: by definition, a reliable testimony is one that makes the evidence improbable on any other explanation than the testified fact being true. Here by "reliable" I mean in every respect (not just truthful, but also accurate and devoid of any relevant mistake, since a person can be entirely honest and still be an unreliable witness). And that is also the definition of extraordinary evidence, only in Law's actual intended meaning, extraordinary evidence is not just evidence that is improbable on any other explanation than the extraordinary claim being true, but evidence that is extraordinarily improbable on any other explanation than the extraordinary claim being true. Because "extraordinary claim" means a claim whose prior probability is not just improbable but extraordinarily improbable. It is easily demonstrated with Bayes' Theorem that extraordinary claims in that sense require extraordinary evidence in that sense. And those are the senses any reasonable person who reads Law's article can tell are what Law intends.
So much for Craig's claim that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence" is false (even "demonstrably false"). His own premises refute his conclusion there. And embarrassingly. Because he should have known this.
Craig's next error (I shall charitably presume) is in confusing which probability matters. Craig has in the past used the example of someone, maybe a friend of his, winning a lottery, saying or implying that if winning has odds of (say) 10 million to 1 against, then the prior probability of his friend telling the truth (when claiming to have won a lottery) is 10 million to 1 against. Craig thus assumes the prior probability that his friend is correct if he says he won the lottery equals the odds of a single person winning that lottery. That's not even remotely correct, as if 9,999,999 people falsely claim to win that lottery every time it is played (for only then would there be a 1 in 10,000,000 prior probability that any one claimant was telling the truth).
In reality, we have abundant background knowledge that hardly anyone who claims to have won a lottery didn't in fact win one, so in fact the prior probability of such a claimant being correct is actually very high, nearer 100%. [cf. Carrier, in Loftus, ed., The Christian Delusion (2010), pp. 298-99. For different ways to analyze the lottery model (all of which end the same), see Proving History, p. 254-55, with n. 29, p. 330 (and more on pp. 196, 227, 246-55).]
Notably, unlike lotteries, where we have vast background knowledge decisively confirming that they exist and that people win them and (relative to all winners making the claim) hardly anyone ever lies about winning one, miracle claims (and everything Law defines as "extraordinary claims") have no such background support. At all. And that is why they have very low prior probabilities.
And that is why the probability of the evidence on alternative explanations has to be low…and not just low, but lower than the probability of that same evidence if the extraordinary claim were true, and not just that, but lower by more than the prior probability of the extraordinary claim is lower than the prior probability of any and all alternatives. In fact, to avoid any appreciable degree of agnostic uncertainty, the difference can't just be that, but much more than that.
For example, if a claim is a trillion times less likely to be true than alternatives on prior considerations alone (enough to establish something as an extraordinary claim, since we're talking about things not ever verified genuinely to happen even despite billions of observers), then the evidence on alternatives has to be more than a trillion times less likely than it would be if the claim is true. And that is indeed extraordinary evidence. It's even more extraordinary than the claim itself. Which is, of course, the point.
That Craig doesn't understand this baffles me. But it tells me he doesn't understand how Bayes' Theorem actually works, and doesn't understand what people like Stephen Law mean when they talk about extraordinary evidence. It also tells me Craig is now willing to brashly declare things "demonstrably false" that embarrassingly are proved demonstrably true by his own premises. Ouch.
P2: Law's (Implied) Reference to the Infinite Monkey TheoremLaw in fact argues (in his article) what is sometimes referred to as a limited application of the infinite monkey theorem, which follows from the law of large numbers: the more times you repeat an experiment, the more likely it is that very unlikely results will be observed by chance alone. This underlies, for example, what is now identified as a multiple comparisons fallacy (see FallacyFiles and Wikipedia).
If we define "extraordinary evidence" as "evidence that occurs only 1 in 1,000 times the claim is false" and there are 1000 claims on record, then we can actually expect one of those claims to have extraordinary evidence even though it's false. Indeed, if there are 10,000 claims, then ten of them will have extraordinary evidence and still be false. Law makes the point that there are so many extraordinary claims about (through all recorded history in all cultures and religious traditions) that we can necessarily expect many examples of claims backed with "improbable evidence" like this. Therefore, for evidence to be extraordinary, it must be much less probable than this.
Crucially, Craig completely fails to address this. Bayes' Theorem takes care of it with the prior probability. If we define "extraordinary evidence" as "evidence that occurs only 1 in 1,000 times the claim is false" then symmetrically we might define "extraordinary claim" as "a claim that is true only 1 in 1,000 times any claim like it is made." And in that case, if there are 1,000 claims, one of them will simply by chance have "extraordinary evidence," but Bayes' Theorem would then tell us the probability that that claim is true is only 50/50 (in Odds form: 1/1000 x 1000/1 = 1000/1000 = 50/50: see Proving History, index, "Bayes's Theorem, odds form"). Thus correctly reflecting the problem created by having so many claims: we cannot in such a case confirm that a claim even with that kind of evidence is true.
Thus, in fact, extraordinary evidence needs to be a lot less probable than the claim itself (on prior evidence). How much less depends on how often extraordinary claims are made that are never confirmed. Which is a lot. And that kind of evidence is very, very extraordinary. (How much you need also depends on how certain you want to be, and religion really requires a lot more certainty than can be had for most claims, but that's an argument for another day.)
But 1 in 1,000 is not really extraordinary. Claims of an "extraordinary kind" are (as Law means) claims of a sort never reliably confirmed to date. So they have extraordinarily low priors (like flying wizards), not just "low" priors (like winning lotteries–although as I noted, those don't really have low priors because people claiming to have won a lottery are widely confirmed to usually be telling the truth, unlike people claiming to have witnessed a flying wizard–even so, lotteries themselves are improbable yet are still so common they routinely get won, so the odds of a flying wizard must surely be vastly less than the odds of winning a lottery, as otherwise we'd have confirmed the existence of flying wizards by now: see Proving History, p. 301, n. 11, for the mathematical relationship between event frequency and claimant reliability).
Hence to overcome such extraordinarily low priors, and by enough to avoid agnosticism, we need evidence that is even more extraordinary. And really the problem is not so much that there are millions of false claims of the extraordinary kind (although that is a valid and relevant datum), but that even if there were only one such claim, ever, it would still have an extremely low prior, because the claim requires things to be the case that appear so far never to be the case (unlike people winning lotteries, which happens all the time) and such a claim belongs to a recognizable class of claims generally that so far (whenever we get to test them) always turn out to be false (unlike people who claim to have won a lottery, whose claims very much usually turn out to be true).
For this reason, Craig's claim that "the evidence for the central miracle of the New Testament is pretty extraordinary" isn't even remotely correct. He simply isn't using the word "extraordinary" here as Law uses it, or as it ever should be used in that context.
[On that point see Carrier, "Why the Resurrection is Unbelievable," Christian Delusion, ed. John Loftus [2010]: 291-315; especially in light of Carrier, "Christianity's Success Was Not Incredible," The End of Christianity, ed. John Loftus [2011]: 53-74]
P4: The More Unreliable = The More UnreliableSo Craig's attempts to rebut Law's first and second premises are just plain dreadful. Self-refuting, confused, fallacious, and most importantly, not at all attentive to Law's actual argument or his defense of it. Craig next attacks his fourth premise (as enumerated on Craig's site) that we should be skeptical of documents that contain a lot of ridiculous (i.e. "extraordinary") claims, with the following argument:
We may be cautious in such cases—but sceptical? Legends blend historical claims with non-historical marvels, and the presence of the marvels doesn't imply that we should reject the historicity of the mundane claims.Here Craig is deliberately misrepresenting Law's argument. I say deliberately because Craig says he read that article and thus must have read Law's key qualification here (emphasis mine):
One difference between the historical claims made about Jesus and those made about other historical characters such as Alexander the Great is the large number of supernatural miracles in which Jesus is alleged to have been involved. … This is not to say that miracles were not also associated with other figures whose existence is not seriously questioned – they were. Attributing miracles to major figures, including even sporting heroes, was not uncommon in the ancient world. However, when we look at the textual evidence for an historical Jesus provided by the New Testament, we find an abundance of miracle claims. … These miracles constitute a significant part of the narrative. … Nor are these miracles merely incidental to the main narrative.Thus, Law formulates his fourth premise very precisely thus (emphasis mine):
Where testimony/documents weave together a narrative that combines mundane claims with a significant proportion of extraordinary claims, and there is good reason to be sceptical about those extraordinary claims, then there is good reason to be sceptical about the mundane claims, at least until we possess good independent evidence of their truth.Thus, Law is not saying any history or biography that blends legendary with mundane claims warrants skepticism. He is saying any history or biography that is loaded with legendary claims, as in has an unusual amount of them central to the story, warrants sweeping skepticism. He also notes the exception of external corroboration. For example, the Alexander Romance is full of the ridiculous (what Law would identify as "extraordinary claims"), unlike Arrian's history of Alexander (the Anabasis). Arrian's history does contain extraordinary claims, but they are relatively few and non-central (and even Arrian himself doubts them). But the Romance is just absurd.
Law's actual principle is obviously correct and obviously one real historians routinely employ (contrary to Craig). We indeed do not trust any of the mundane claims in the Alexander Romance unless we can corroborate them from other sources like Arrian's history which does not warrant as much suspicion (even though it, too, like all ancient documents, warrants some). That applying this principle to the Gospels gets a result Craig doesn't like is all so very sad for him, but not anything he can avoid by attacking the general principle. Law's fourth premise is sound.
One could even demonstrate its soundness with Bayes' Theorem, which would show that the probability of a story telling the truth goes down with every lie we find in it. That should be obvious. That we always find some lies in every ancient document thus leads to historians in my field being at least a little skeptical of all ancient sources (even, for example, Arrian). But as the lies accumulate, our skepticism accumulates. When the lies reach a fevered pitch (as in the Alexander Romance or Philostratus's Life of Apollonius of Tyana or Plutarch's biography of Romulus), we begin to doubt even the mundane claims. It's not that those claims are also certainly false. It's that we cannot be sufficiently certain they are true to trust them. We become agnostic.
I am certain Craig also agrees with this. So I think it's rather dishonest of him to express doubt of it, as if Craig really thinks "the presence of the marvels [in the legends of Hercules] doesn't imply that we should reject the historicity of the mundane claims [in the legends of Hercules]," or [insert any legend-filled narrative from antiquity]. Worse, it's disheartening to believe any reader of Craig's website would fall for this, as if they'd agree we should reject this general principle and just gullibly believe any story we're told. Are we really not supposed to learn that a source that burns us repeatedly with falsehoods is probably not reliable at all? Is an inability to learn this principle why Christians still trust Fox News?
P6: What External Corroboration?
Craig finally tries to attack Law's sixth premise that "there is no
good independent evidence for even the mundane claims about Jesus (such
as that he existed)." Here he at least has one almost decent argument,
which is to mention that the Epistles of Paul reference things about
Jesus like his burial. But Law's article already rebutted that by noting
that "Paul claims to have received the Gospel not from any human source
or teaching but by revelation from the miraculously risen Christ,"
which is entirely true (Paul also cites scripture as a source, but
that's no better).
Here, Craig ignores Law's argument and provides no rebuttal to it. He instead simply acts as if Law did not mention or rebut the evidence of Paul. Which misleads any of Craig's readers who aren't savvy enough to go and read Law's article, and it will perplex any of Craig's readers who do, since they will be left wondering what Craig's actual rebuttal would be. Perhaps Craig intends to imply that, for example, a "burial" must have happened if it was believed even on a revelation, but Craig doesn't argue that and makes no case for it. Although, neither does Law make a case for the contrary. But one assertion is as good as another, and Law has the text on his side (Paul does only ever say he learned what he knew from scripture and revelation: e.g., The Goodacre Debate).
But apart from that one argument (where I think a real debate could proceed), Craig bombs here. Badly.
- Craig assumes without plausibility or argument, that "Jesus must have existed because of the first-century Christian movement left in his wake," even though Paul was fully motivated by a merely revealed Jesus, not the historical one, and if Paul, so anyone else.
- Craig over-confidently claims "Jewish Messianic expectations included no idea of a Davidic Messiah who…would be shamefully executed" when in fact Daniel 9 and the Talmud both imagine exactly such a messiah (perhaps not explicitly Davidic, but that's a mere tweak by comparison: see my discussion of this same fallacy in the hands of Ehrman and McGrath, and my now-revised article The Dying Messiah Redux). But more importantly, embarrassing core teachings often get invented in religions like Christianity, which then become difficult to overcome with some audiences (like the castration of Attis, or almost any core belief distinctive of Mormonism). [On the fatal defects of the Argument from Embarrassment generally, see Proving History, pp. 124-69.]
- Craig amusingly claims the Church of the Holy Sepulchre not only houses the actual tomb of Jesus (despite several other tombs vying for the title), but that this is so reliably known it proves Jesus existed (!). Craig is really going off the rails with this one. I can't believe I'd even need to address it (but lest someone actually be that gullible, Kenneth Humphreys can cure you of that). Most embarrassingly, Craig thinks this is the same kind of evidence we have for Alexander the Great. More on that ridiculous notion in a moment.
- Craig tries to claim the Gospels, which all fall to Law's argument, corroborate each other and therefore satisfy even Law's principle of authenticity. This is such a shameless fallacy of bootstrapping I am embarrassed for Craig that he even tried to pass it off as a sound argument.
Josephus. Yet. Again.Craig cites the Josephus passage called the Testimonium Flavianum confidently yet doesn't mention that his own source (Van Voorst) documents that its authenticity has been widely challenged, and almost certainly at best has been tampered with. This is especially appalling, as in Craig's footnote to this he even says that the presence of the phrase "the Christ" in the TF is evidence of authenticity, when in fact Van Voorst points out it is almost universally agreed by experts to be evidence of inauthenticity and the least likely to have come from Josephus.
That is one of the most dishonest misuses of a scholarly source I have seen. That it is so easily exposed is testament to the failing abilities of William Lane Craig.
It's just worse still that Van Voorst is obsolete. Craig writes that:
According to Van Voorst "the wording of almost every element" of Josephus' original text "indicates that Josephus did not draw it, directly or indirectly, from first-century Christian writings."As it happens, this has been disproved. The TF's vocabulary and content have been demonstrated to rely so closely on Luke that the only viable theory of its authenticity necessarily entails that Josephus learned of this information from the Gospel of Luke (any other hypothesis bears a vastly small probability and thus cannot be credited, other than the more obvious hypothesis that the whole TF was written by a later Christian interpolator and not Josephus). [G.J. Goldberg, "The Coincidences of the Testimonium of Josephus and the Emmaus Narrative of Luke," The Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha 13 (1995): 59-77.]
Incidentally, that was proven in one of those peer reviewed history journals Craig is so impressed by. So maybe to avoid this conclusion he'll slag off the peer review process of all history journals, too, and thus destroy his entire publication record. He may have to, since I demonstrate both passages in Josephus to be later interpolations…in yet another one of those peer reviewed history journals Craig is so impressed by. [Richard Carrier, "Origen, Eusebius, and the Accidental Interpolation in Josephus, Jewish Antiquities 20.200," Journal of Early Christian Studies 20.4 (Winter 2012): 489-54.]
And yet Craig should never have even accepted the general principle that authors don't rewrite in their own words what their sources say. They clearly often did and were even specifically taught to do so in ancient schools. So even if Goldberg hadn't established the TF's reliance on Luke, there is still no argument Craig can advance that will verify Josephus had any sources other than the Gospels here. He simply cannot be confirmed to be an independent source. None of the information in the TF, for example, is new…it all tracks what's said in the Gospels. Luke especially. Coincidence?
Anyway, this is moot now, since Goldberg has proved the TF used a Gospel as its source. That Josephus probably didn't even write it is just another nail in the coffin. Likewise for the other external sources Craig mentions. He claims "there is no reason to think that all of these sources are dependent exclusively on Christian tradition," but that's a burden of evidence fallacy. He has to show they aren't dependent; we don't have to show that they are. Because they all come much later than the Gospels and don't say anything novel that is believable. Therefore, the presumption must be of influence from the Gospels, until proven otherwise.
(In Bayesian terms, absent any case either way, their independence is at best 50/50, which means they have zero evidential value for the historicity of Jesus, making it neither more nor less likely. Unless there are telltale signs in them one way or the other, which Craig realizes he has to show, so he tries to claim such for Josephus, only in doing so he contradicts his own source and ignores recent scholarship proving the contrary. Ooops.)
Alexander the Great as Case StudyLaw uses Alexander the Great as a good example of the "external corroboration" exception that does not hold for Jesus. Craig first tries to rebut this by claiming there is external corroboration for Jesus…which we just saw fails. In fact, Law's argument was (emphasis mine):
P2 does not require we be sceptical Alexander's existence. The miraculous claims made by Plutarch about Alexander constitute only a small part of his narrative. … Further, and still more importantly, there's good, independent evidence that Alexander existed and did many of the things Plutarch reports (including archeological evidence of the dynasties left in his military wake).Two things here. First, Law notes Alexander fails to satisfy his second premise in two respects, not just one: many accounts of Alexander not only don't have the requisite overabundance of extraordinary claims (unlike the Gospels), but they also have "good, independent evidence" as external corroboration. He offers "archeological evidence of the dynasties left in his military wake" as only an example (hence the word "including").
In fact the evidence for Alexander the Great goes vastly beyond that, and exemplifies everything lacking in the case of Jesus. Craig's attempt to argue that a historical (as opposed to a revealed) Jesus is anywhere near as externally corroborated as Alexander the Great is a common mistake apologists make, not actually knowing (nor bothering to find out) what evidence we actually have for Alexander. I've noted before how Matthew Ferguson has masterfully exposed the same gaffe when Emperor Tiberius is embarrassingly used this way by some Christian apologists (see 10/42 Apologetic). The results for Alexander are much the same.
The following is a quote from my next book On the Historicity of Jesus. I of course cite there tons of scholarship, but leave all that aside here to keep it brief and to the point:
Unlike Jesus, we have over half a dozen relatively objective historians discussing the history of Alexander the Great (most notably Diodorus, Dionysius, Rufus, Trogus, Plutarch, and more). These are not romances or propagandists, least of all fanatical worshipers, or anyone concerned about dogma, but disinterested historical writers employing some of the recognized skills of critical analysis of their day on a wide body of sources they had available that we do not. Which doesn't mean we trust everything they say, but we still cannot name even one such person for Jesus, and "none" is not "more" than half a dozen.The point being, even if all the accounts of Alexander the Great were as rife with ridiculous claims as the Gospels are (and they aren't…in the Gospels we have suns going out for hours, hoards of undead descending on Jerusalem, flying angels paralyzing guards, withering trees, conjuring unlimited food, walking on water, conversations with demons, drowning thousands of pigs, flying through the air with Satan…), we still have such vast external corroboration that it would overcome the low prior probability of his existence from such stories as those.
Lest one complain that these historians wrote "too late," this is actually of minor significance because, unlike Jesus, they still had contemporary and eyewitness sources to work from. In fact, our best historian of Alexander is Arrian, who though he wrote five hundred years later, nevertheless employed an explicit method of using only three eyewitness sources (two of them actual generals of Alexander who wrote accounts of their adventures with him). He names and identifies these sources, explains how he used them to generate a more reliable account, and discusses their relative merits. That alone is quite a great deal more than we have for Jesus, for whom we have not a single named eyewitness source in any of the accounts of him, much less a discussion of how those sources were used or what their relative merits were. Not even for the anonymous witness claimed to have been used by the authors of the Gospel of John, which claim isn't even credible to begin with…, but in any case we're not told who he was, why we should trust him, or what all exactly derives from him.
And that's not all. We have mentions of Alexander the Great and details about him in several contemporary or eyewitness sources still extant, including the speeches of Isocrates and Demosthenes and Aeschines and Hyperides and Dinarchus, the poetry of Theocritus, the scientific works of Theophrastus, and the plays of Menander. We have not a single contemporary mention of Jesus—apart from, at best, the letters of Paul, who never even knew him, and says next to nothing about him (as a historical man), or the dubious letters of certain alleged disciples (and I say alleged because apart from known forgeries, none ever say they were his disciples), and (again apart from those forgeries) none ever distinctly place Jesus in history….
The eyewitness and contemporary attestation for Alexander is thus vastly better than we have for Jesus, not the other way around. And that's even if we count only extant texts—if we count extant quotations of lost texts in other extant texts, we have literally hundreds of quotations of contemporaries and eyewitnesses that survive in later works attesting to Alexander and his history. We have not even one such for Jesus (e.g., even Paul never once quotes anyone he identifies as an eyewitness or contemporary source for any of his information on Jesus).
And even that is not all. For Alexander we have contemporary inscriptions and coins, sculpture (originals or copies of originals done from life), as well as other archaeological verifications of historical claims about him. For example, we can verify the claim that Alexander attached Tyre to the mainland with rubble from Ushu–because that rubble is still there and dates to his time; the city of Alexandria named for him dates from his lifetime as expected; archaeology confirms Alexander invaded Bactria; etc. We also have archaeological confirmation of many of his battles and acts, including the exact time and day of his death–because contemporary records of these exist in the recovered clay tablet archives of Persian court astrologers. None of this is even remotely analogous to Jesus, for whom we have absolutely zero archaeological corroboration (e.g., none of the tombs alleged to be his have been verified as such), much less (as we have for Alexander) actual archaeological attestation (in the form of coins, inscriptions, and statues…).
Neither claim can be made for Jesus. And that is precisely Law's point.
SOURCE: http://www.richardcarrier.info/archives/4096


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With the new Ircam Forum website coming, the user groups will be migrated towards a new platform.
Please plan user groups downtime between Monday, March 25th and Tuesday, March 26th.
OrchidsPublic Group active 3 days, 4 hours ago
Welcome to the Orchids user group.
This user group is devoted to the Orchids orchestration system and its users, but also on the topic of computer-aided orchestration and generic sound mixture optimization. In order to facilitate the exchange of bug reports, idea and collaborative thinking, we encourage any kind of report on errors, bad or good results, desired features, ideas, remarks and any other topic.
Please report any unsolved problem, ideas or even cool sounds to this group and we will be glad to discuss it. If you want to start using the software, please read the full documentation, which provides turnarounds to known issues: http://repmus.ircam.fr/_media/esling/orchids-documentation.pdf
Spinning circle by start up and no process
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Comparative Public Policy
Guillaume Fontaine
Comparative public policy (CPP) is a multidisciplinary enterprise aimed at policy learning through lesson drawing and theory building or testing. We argue that CPP faces the challenge of conceptual and analytical standardization if it is to make a significant contribution to the explanation of policy decision-making. This argument is developed in three sections based on the following questions: What is CPP? What is it for? How should it be done? We begin with a presentation of the historical evolution of the field, its conceptual heterogeneity, and the persistence of two distinct bodies of literature made of basic and applied studies. We proceed with a discussion of the logics operating in CPP, their approaches to causality and causation, and their contribution to middle-range theory. Next, we explain the fundamental problems of the comparative method, starting with a synthesis of the main methodological pitfalls and the problems of case selection and then revising the main protocols in use. We conclude with a reflection on the contribution of CPP to policy design and policy analysis.


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Hi all, just a quick note on the snow conditions on the 'east side' of San Jac. Tried to get to the summit today on a solo snowshoe up Deer Springs trail. Snowshoes required from Hwy 243! Trail-breaking from the turn-off to Suicide rock....got deeper with route-finding problems the higher I went. Met a German guy at the junction of Marion Mtn. trail and the PCT. He turned around there, I probably should have done the same LOL! I pushed on up and eventually turned around after about 5 hrs of uphill shoeing. Last year did the same hike and made the peak in 6 hrs. not this year! The snow is deeper this year making travel and route finding a bigger challenge....didn't even make it to Little Round valley? I don't get scared very easily but one thing that I encountered today that I have never really worried about before...falling chunks of rime ice. As the day warmed, HUGE chunks of ice were constantly falling from the trees as the sun made it's way around the mtn. When I say huge, I'm not exaggerating folks. I've dealt with this stuff before but not the stuff that was falling today, I should have taken my climbing helmet, no joke! Most of it should have fallen by the end of today.....
Here's my Strava link:
Interestingly, met two young guys on the way back down. They where headed-up and planning on camping at Strawberry junction and hitting the peak tomorrow...ha, ha, they didn't have any snowshoes and other day-hikers were post-holing 2- 3 feet in places. I informed them of the conditions higher up and wished them luck...the one advantage they had over moi, they are about 23 years old LOL!!
Have fun out there folks and stay safe!


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Neil Patrick Harris Returns to the Stage
Neil Patrick Harris sat with WSJ's Barbara Chai to discuss the magician show he directed, "Nothing to Hide," the end of "How I Met Your Mother" and his return to Broadway in "Hedwig and the Angry Inch."
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... actually ... states ... see the ads ... dollar ... snaps ... the top end of this delay look so you're CBS sitcom how I met your mother is ending after ninety to do that unless this world the motions I just wonder what is it you're going to miss most and with a year mostly in forward him ... it's an incredibly great comfort in doing the show ... and you will be the better part of the decade ... with the same people not Olympic house but the crew is to gather a lot of times TV shows ... if successful in after three years everyone kind of ... pops off creatively except for the past and then there's the new show runners new writers ... and we really have been this great little unit that have been together for so long so I think I'll miss the camaraderie and ... the sort of ... comfort ability ... I think it'll go down is are we to ... the best job of that I will never had the funniest instances the super fun character to play ... he gets to wear cool to to make out with ... the chicks and have catchphrases ... so when you first projects after how I met your mother is he returned to Broadway in almost a decade ... he had made and the angry NTP John Cameron Mitchell's so easy to expand student asked is if this to show that you wanted July did you choose this is your first returned I saw it when it was first on off road the James St ... and aam Ahmadi Juncker Mitchell than I've been a fan of his since his musical theater early days of the key art for the show that fabulous Kia has been released yet the glitter be that guy Lion Air America ... can you talk about your little ... bit ... about your physical transformation into a headwind ... well not there yet I mean that I was interesting during the dark because we had to come up with imagery that spoke to the show we had to choose some things with with delight that delayed in the show ... it gets a little more androgynous who is going to do that's ... David Bowie Iggy pop the kind of post shows to persuade he ... isn't here is is ... is that sweat is that you know glitter ... exhaustion is a sexy nor is it ... disturbing cut of revenue in the in in in the middle of all that ... and he mentioned that happened even buy another one of ... comics I've got other says Lou Reed the wind power solar to slots ... recently a with this ... they ... wana go on getting there ... there was a well I was raised listening to so it's also nice exciting ... thing to be able to do is is ... broaden my musical horizons itself ... from reading a book right now called kill me please ... it's all a history of the whole world from the New York dolls them ... I ... so the directive this great magician show nothing to hide I have to say the show is ... um needs a knife wouldn't dare think Elder the two magicians how to discover that one ... of the president of the of magic maturity in Los Angeles called the Academy of magical Arts ... home of the Magic Castle ... and these two guys dearth of the new holding on is ... that I like Penn and teller that have enacted to do to get that they do individual acts that just happens to be doing one together one night ... and was like you have to see the shows for when saw it ... loved it and said more people into this than just people that can go ... to Castle ... because oftentimes magic I think is a little ... overly cheesy ... with the lows were building marriage is like seventies tuxedos and gowns and flowers you've already seen a rabbit ... when you get these two guys that are slick and suits ... their charming affable they're smart and knew what to do things ... that you should figure out ... how its done you should be logical enough to process it and they ... will destroy your minds ... and say you mentioned you are getting a special guest performance last week no more than I and and this is when your favorite show the same yield ... the best performing the salmon so I got to do once before I get asked me on this to be ... sick or ... I think the idea the scene for my six times and have different experiences wildly to the ones every time is super cool ... and I'm kinda but Citibank has a new card that the city ... and so we bought out the comparable night ... and on to be the guy that spoke of the new at the bar ... how would you ... when I ... found this great ... the really creepy ... with junk ... and illegally hundred and fifty people in them will get the ... drink absinthe


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I dont´t receive any email notifications for threads i subscribe to, the last one I got was Sept 19.
Something broken?
(And YES, I´ve checked my email account Spam/Trash folders, nothing there)
Has anyone on this board received notification emails last weeks?
By the way, is it still Dennis who "owns" H-body.org?


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At the Lego store in the Glendale Galleria, everyone knows this name: Wyatt Workman.
The 9-year-old Glendale resident is known there for his love of Legos. His most recent masterpiece — a three-story haunted house with glow-in-the-dark ghosts and a secret unfolding staircase.
He needed no help from his parents to build it; he stopped asking for adult help when he was 7.
"I started liking Legos when I was 4 and I had to have my dad help me," he said.
But Wyatt's name is gaining familiarity far beyond Glendale. A fan letter from a 4-year-old in Colorado Wyatt received this week is proof.
At age 7, Wyatt created the claymation movie "Save the Sea from the Trash Monster," which tells the story of the harm of human garbage on ocean life and offers a human solution.
The six-minute movie was posted on YouTube and made into a book. Wyatt has given all sales from the book and donations from an art show that screened the film to Oceana, an international conservation organization.
After Wyatt helped raise $5,000 for Oceana, he was named this year as one of 10 national winners of the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, which carried a $2,500-prize.
Wyatt said he was already an artist who loved "making tiny little things" out of clay when his mother showed him pictures of the gyre of floating trash in the Pacific.
"My mom showed me these pictures of the sea getting hurt. I was like, 'Oh, no. That is not right.' I wanted to do something to help," he said.
It took him months, but after making dozens of clay figures of sea creatures combating plastic in the ocean, Wyatt created the film seen by people around the world via the Internet.
"I wanted to be famous for art. I didn't want to be famous for singing. I didn't want to be famous for writing books," Wyatt said.
Donations still continue to roll in for Oceana through Wyatt's website, where people can also purchase his book and T-shirts that read: "I am not a trash monster."
After learning about Wyatt, Save the Manatee Club named him an honorary member.
Last year, Wyatt received an award from GQ magazine at their annual Gentleman's Ball in New York City. The statue figure now sits in his family's living room, where Wyatt has recently garnered more plaques and honors than his father Lyle Workman — a music composer.
Nevermind that the actor Josh Lucas presented the figure to Wyatt at the dinner or that Wyatt posed for pictures with Ashton Kutcher that made the gossip blogs and still circulate the Internet.
When Wyatt pulled down the statue, he made a disapproving face.
"By the way, this is plastic," he said.
• Watch Wyatt's Workman's film
Follow Kelly on Twitter @kellymcorrigan.


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AndrewW needed a new banner ad design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 35 designs submitted by 4 freelance designers.
USA Yellow Pages is redesigning it's look and feel and to celebrate our coming launch, we are giving away 2 weeklong cruises for 2. We need 3 banners (skyscraper, leaderboard, and 300x250) and a landing page (messagae description available at http://www.usa-yp.com home page). Get creative, and good luck!
We need 3 banners, very sexy (but not adult) that will have the highest possible clickthrough rate promoting our cruise giveaway. The sizes are standard leaderboard (728x90), skyscraper (120x600), and 300x250. We also need the graphics for a landing page detailing the sweepstakes/contest where the banners will point.
- Item 1...Passion
- Excitement
- ease of use
- 2 ways to win a 7 day cruise
- A Get Started Button
- tagline "Write Reviews and go Cruise!"
- 3 steps to enter and win
- step 1 -find a local business you know
- step 2 - Click on "Review this Business"
- step 3 - Write review and click submit
- Item 1...


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Last week we showed you some exciting new mountain bikes hailing from California, the birthplace of the sport. Well this week it's the turn of machines from the UK, France and Spain, as the European manufacturers fight back.
The Bolt is the first full-suspension frame from DMR, British 'hardcore hardtail' pioneers and dirt jump aficionados. It's been in development for some time (we saw a prototype at Eurobike) but the production version should hit shops by the end of the month.
With 120mm (5in) of travel courtesy of a linkage-activated single pivot rear end, distributors Upgrade say the Bolt can be used for UK-style (ie. short but technical) downhilling, as a fun bike, for slopestyle and anything in between.
The emphasis is on stiffness rather than ultra light weight or super-plush travel – the bike's been designed to feel just like a hardtail when you lock out the rear shock. It comes with replaceable Swopout dropouts so it can be converted to singlespeed if required.
RRP is £899.99 for the Tange 4130 chromoly frame and X-Fusion 02 RL shock. There are plans for the CNC machined linkage to be made available in different anodised colours so owners can customise their ride.
Also new from DMR is the Omen four-cross frame, which was again unveiled at Eurobike but will now be available as a £1,500 complete bike as well as a £350 frameset. The race-ready spec includes a Marzocchi 4X fork, Truvativ Ruktion cranks and Tektro Draco hydraulic disc brakes, with MicroShift gears.
The £400 898 dirt jump frame, as used by Sam Reynolds, has a new tapered head tube for 2011 and is also available as a full build. For £1,100 you get a spec similar to the team bikes, with a Marzocchi DJ2 fork, Tektro Draco discs and a load of DMR finishing kit, including Cult cranks, Supermoto tyres, a Squid Pivotal saddle and V8 pedals.
Sunn have some interesting looking bikes in their 2011 range, not least the Tzar. This is a long-forked steel hardtail executed with typical Gallic flair and covered with suitably quirky graphics. We showed you the £1,100 S2 at Cycle 2010 but the top-end, £1,800 S1 is worth a look too, coming as it does with Truvativ's HammerSchmidt planetary gearing system.
HammerSchmidt hasn't really taken off in the two years since its launch but it offers both instant shifting and massive ground clearance. It's a fairly heavy system (although it does replace the cranks, front chainrings, mech and bashguard) but the Tzar S1 manages to weigh in at a claimed 12.5kg (27.6lb) – perfectly acceptable for a burly steel hardtail.
The frame is made from double-butted 4130 chromoly and comes with Sunn's The Plaque system – a choice of three plates that attach to the bottom bracket shell and allow you to fit an ISCG 05 chain device, HammerSchmidt system or Direct Mount front mech.
No Compromise Drop Outs allow you to switch between 10mm and 12mm axles or go singlespeed. Finishing kit includes a 150mm-travel RockShox Sektor RL Solo Air fork, Formula RX brakes with 180mm rotors and nine-speed SRAM X9.
Sunn's UK distributors I-Ride tell us that the French company are working on a new version of their legendary Radical downhill bike. Improvements over the current model will include the ability to run a standard instead of custom length shock, a tapered head tube, internal cable routing and a return to a steel rear end. Apparently the new bike is "a couple of months away".
Mondraker introduced their new Factor 120mm-travel marathon/cross-country bike at Eurobike and UK pricing has now been confirmed. The frame, which uses the Spanish company's Zero Suspension System and STEALTH alloy tubing, costs £1,300 with a Fox RP23 Boost Valve shock. Four full builds are also available from distributors Silverfish.
The standard Factor comes with a RockShox Ario RL shock and Recon Gold TK SA fork, SRAM X7 and Avid Juicy 3 brakes for £2,000. An extra £600 gets you the Factor R, which upgrades to a Fox RP2 Boost Valve shock and RockShox SID RLT fork, plus Shimano SLX. The £3,000 Factor RR comes with an RP23 Boost Valve, Shimano XT kit and Formula RX brakes, while the top-end Factor RR Ltd (£4,800) swaps to a RockShox SID WC fork, XTR and Formula R1Xs.
UK-based Kinesis have tweaked their Maxlight hardtails for 2011. The XC130 is now designed to take forks with up to 130mm travel, so it has a higher bottom bracket to increase ground clearance. There are stouter chainstays out back and revised tube wall thicknesses in the mainframe for a more lively feel. There are no longer any bottle bosses on the seat tube, so the saddle can be dropped fully. RRP is £340.
The entry-level XC3 has lost its V-brake bosses so it now comes in slightly lighter, and it also has new cable routing, under the top tube. Designed to take a 90-120mm fork, the frame costs £275. Both models have new colour options and graphics. They're available via Upgrade Bikes in the UK.


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Israel's assassination last week of Salah Shehadeh, the Hamas military leader responsible for the wanton murder of scores of Israeli men, women, and childen, has met with almost universal condemnation because of the Palestinian civilians (numbering about 10) who were killed in the attack. The assassination was accomplished by means of a single one-ton bomb launched by the Israeli Air Force. Not even Israelis publicly defend the operation, at least so far as I can find.
The excellent Israeli daily newpaper Haaretz carries a story today giving some details of the area in which the bomb was detonated. The story takes pains to rebut Air Force accounts of the area as one in which civilians lived in shacks; the story quibbles with the characterization of the dwellings as shacks and instead suggests that the proper characterization of them is flats. The story nevertheless makes clear that the bomb was spot-on target; Shehadeh was apparently incincerated by it. Haaretz columnist Ze'ev Schiff also criticizes the operation in the same edition of the paper.
Keep in mind that Shehadeh was the mastermind of several cold-blooded bombings of totally innocent Israeli civilians in the course of the war he and others are waging against Israel. I am mystified by the unananimity of the scorn that Israel's operation has met with. I would hope that if the United States has the opportunity to conduct a similar operation against Osama bin Laden that it would not be inhibited by his use of civilians as shields, the conscious Palestinian tactic that had kept Shehadeh alive until last week. Former Army officer Ralph Peters is one of the few commentators to have defended the Israeli operation, and he did so eloquently in the pages of the Wall Street Journal this past Thursday. I think Peters has it right.
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"Proclaim Liberty throughout All the land unto All the Inhabitants Thereof." Inscription on the Liberty Bell


text:
Art Search
Browse the entire WAG collection using the Art Search database.
Search results for:
A man, woman and dog by a lake
Edinburgh Castle
A castle-like structure on top of a hill (jagged rock in foreground)
In the Zoo
A man, woman and child overlooking penguins at a zoo.
On the Swing
A man pushing a child on a tree swing in a garden/yard.
Welly Ba
There are two large, swirling waves hitting against a rock.
On the Ocean
There is a steamship on the ocean with swirling whitecaps and clouds.
Cottage in Scotland
A man and dog walking toward a thatched roof cottage
The Rainy Day
A view through a window of a winding river and trees on a rainy day
A view of water and island through pine trees
Wild Rose
One wild rose with buds
One bunchberry bloom; one bunchberry unopened; background of forest vegetation
Wild Clematis
A close-up of wild clematis blossoms
Lady Slipper
Two lady slipper flowers
Wild Columbine
Two wild columbine blossoms
Yellow Cedar
A branch of a yellow cedar
Woody Nightshade
A close-up of a Woody Nightshade branch with berries
Fiddle-head (fern)
3 Fiddle-head fern blossoms
Looking Down
Top of mountains; clouds
Beethoven's Four Famous Notes of Fifth Symphony
In the foreground, there are rocks and two tree stumps. In the bottom left corner of the image there are 4 music notes on treble cleff; water and a small island of trees.
Prairie Crocus
2 Prairie Crocus blossoms and 4 buds
A tamarack branch
Par un beau clair de froid, a Maurice Beaulieu
Colour Etching. Abstract leaf-type forms in V-shape composition
Norman Bay 2.
Norman Bay, Ontario with boat houses on water.
Tulips in a vase
Zinnia blossoms and leaves
Gallery Hours
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- Closed Monday


text:
- Details
- Reviews
- What's Included
The Techflex F6 Semi-Rigid Braided Cable Sleeve is a low cost simple cable management solution that is both attractive and easy to use. The braided, expandable sleeving is an exceptionally durable, highly reliable solution ideal for use in the organization, wrap and protection of a wide assortment of wires and cables in a vast array of applications. It is manufactured with tightly braided polyethylene terepthalate filaments into a robust expandable braided sleeve. Typical applications for this lightweight product is to jacket and protect wire and cable assemblies, wire harnesses, as well as a broad range of other commonly used industrial hoses. It can be effectively used in even the most extreme of environments and is capable of easily withstanding temperatures of up to 257° F!
More about the F6 line of Braided Sleeves from Techflex
F6's unique split, semi-rigid braided construction makes it the ideal solution for situations where ease of installation is of primary importance. The lateral split allows the tube to open up to accommodate a wide variety of bundling requirements, and the semi-rigid braid configuration simply closes around the entire installation without the need for any additional fasteners (Velcro, tape, etc.). The 10 mil PET braid is lightweight, quiet and flexible. The 25% edge overlap (at nominal diameter) allows coverage around inline plugs, connectors and splices. It will bend to a tight radius without distorting or splitting open and, unlike full rigid tubing, will not impair or affect the flexibility of harnesses. The F6 also allows for the addition or removal of wires without disassembly!
This general use cable is ideal for both DIY home use and for field installers. It's fray-resistant properties allow frequent expansion at the cut-end without unraveling. Cuts easily and neatly with regular scissors and maintains a fray resistant end during installation. When scissor cut, the end of the F6 wrap it will withstand heavier handling without fraying than standard PT.
Though this braided sleeve can be cut with scissors, using a hot knife gives a more professional look and fuses loose fibers to prevent fraying. See the Techflex Bench Mount Hot Knife or Techflex Hand Held Hot Knife for a truly pro finish on your sleeving installation.
Complete List of Flexo F6 General Purpose Braided Cable Sleeves:
- Black
o 2" - 25 Foot
o 1 1/2" - 25 Foot
o 1 1/4" - 6 Foot or 25 Foot
o 1" - 7 Foot or 50 Foot
o 3/4" - 8 Foot or 50 Foot
o 1/2" - 10 Foot or 75 Foot
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Review of 84882BK
Works great to tidy up cables.
Posted on 2/29/2012
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Review of 84882BK
Great easy to use product - looks great.
Posted on 1/11/2012
- Review of 84882BK Review by STEVEN B
Review of 84882BK
Great easy to use product - looks great.
Posted on 1/11/2012
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- 1x - F6 Self Wrap Cable Sleeve


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"Give me leave, my dear General, to present you...with the main key to the fortress of despotism. It is a tribute which I owe as a son to my adoptive father, as an aide de camp to my General, as a missionary of liberty to its patriarch."
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The Official 24 karat gold plated 2017 White House Christmas ornament honors the 32nd President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt who served from 1933 to 1945 and his remarkable journey to restore the faith of the American people. The ornament is crafted from shiny brass plated with nickel and 24-karat gold.Click for More Details
The Air Force One Model Plane is a must have for children of all ages. Each 5" wide plane comes with 1 section of flexible modular runway and a collectible information card with facts about Air Force One.Click for More Details
Ronald Reagan pledged to restore "the great, confident roar of American progress." By the end of his second term, his determination to lessen government economic regulation, cut taxes, decrease federal funding to social services, and strengthen the country's military had made his pledge a reality.Click for More Details
This glass etched miniature replica of the Washington Monument goes great in any office or home.Click for More Details
The American bald eagle reproduced on this custom money clip was designed for the White House during President Abraham Lincoln's administration. Money clips are perfect gifts for any man this season. This gold American Eagle money clip is the latest edition of our pewter jewelry items and comes with antiqued 24k gold electroplate finish.Click for More Details
United States Great Seal Cuff Links: United States Great Seal Cuff Links has classic look with a historical flair. The Seal is die struck, 7/16 diameter polished gold electroplate. These cuff links add sophistication and patriotism to any outfit. Makes a great holiday gift!Click for More Details


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WOW! There were some fantastic projects submitted by all who participated in the audition round of the contest. It made the Judges decision very difficult to select who the four contestants will be competing during the month of March.
First, we would like to thank Anne Sutton as our Guest Judge for the Audition round. It was a pleasure!
Bookmark/Page Holder by dragonflyquiltworks
Artist's Portfolio by SunniLoveAffair
Circa 1934 jelly roll with porcelain solid made for Sliced Contest.
Portfolio measures 16.5″ x 17″ when closed.
Awesome Jumbo Sized pouches!!! What a creative and practical use of fabrics resulting in a perfect way to store away all our quilt blocks, no matter what size they might be.
Week planner by jednoiglec
My entry to Moda Bake Shop Sliced Contest (Auditions).
This version of my week planner is designed for two family members (each member has its own row) – half of charm pack is needed to make it (for colorful parts) plus fabric for white sashing, fabrics for back and binding.
In version for four family members one charm pack is needed (for colorful parts) plus fabric for white sashing, fabrics for backing and binding.
It can be also used at the office.
Corners of each square are pockets to put there cards with plan for each day of the week or another information. These corners were made from 1/4 of charms and they are sewn between the rows.
Buckle is used to indicate day of the week. When the day changes, buckle is moved to another.
Depending on weight of the buckle (mine is quite heavy) buttons for secure the strip are needed.
Machine quilted (cotton batting was used) and machine bound.
I blogged over at: jednoiglec.blogspot.com
Crocheted Caddies by akalauni
Living the "I" Life by Sew Incredibly Crazy
Tote Along Tool Caddy by sherrodstudio
Quilt Show by Sarahsewssuessox
3-Ring Binder Cover by quiltmaven
Made from one Flora charm pack and Moda yardage with batting and a decorative buckle.
Blogged at diaryofaquiltmaven.blogspot.com/2012/02/cross-your-finger…
Studio Apron/Sewing Caddy/Chair Caddy by Jules loves stitches
I used pieces from a Moda "It's a Hoot" Jelly Roll, quilt batting to help give it shape and body along with some pellon. D-rings function as buckles on each side of the apron to turn it into a chair caddy or undo them to turn it into a sewing machine caddy.
Stay Tuned… The winning four contestants that will compete in the SLICED competition will be announced soon!


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TV's Most Memorable End Games
Apr 29, 2013 9:13 AM EDT
That's a wrap! The stakes are rarely higher for a TV series than at the end of a season — whether it's signing off until next fall with a climactic grand gesture or taking a well-earned final bow. As part of TV Guide Magazine's Finale Preview i… Read more


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Waking Up: Overcoming the Obstacles to Human Potential
New Science Library, 1986 - Body, Mind & Spirit - 323 pages
Examines the teachings of Gurdjieff, Aikido, and Buddhism in regard to living a happy life, and discusses conditioning, consensus trance, defense mechanisms, false personalities, and higher levels of consciousness
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11 pages matching transference in this book
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States of Consciousness and Enlightenment
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God and Reality
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Common terms and phrases
actively actually Aikido altered aspects attention automated automatically awake awakening aware basic become behavior body body/instinctive brain Chapter classical conditioning compassion conditioned conditioned stimulus conditionees consensus consciousness consensus reality conveyor belt crane crane/sorter create cultural hypnotist defense mechanisms desire discussed distorted dream effective emotional enculturation energy enlightenment essence example experience external false personality feel functioning G. I. Gurdjieff goal Gurdjieff s ideas happen higher human hypnosis hypnotic identify identity important intellectual intelligence Ken Wilber kind knowledge looking mind nature normal observation ordinary pattern perceive perception perceptual defense physical practice prayer problems psychological Psychotherapy reaction reaction formation reality remembering sciousness self-observation and self-remembering sensations sense situation social Sogyal Rinpoche someone sometimes spiritual stimulus subpersonalities suffering suggestions superego teacher teaching things tion transference Transpersonal Psychologies understanding usually values waking York


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"I've not kissed that many girls but I am assuming this is what it's like..."
I think he was a bit buzzed on this video. Don't know who he is or why I even found this that entertaining but I did.
MontanaHawk05 wrote:That's one of the Fieldgulls regular writers. He's the color guy.
Return to [ THE OFFICIAL NET NATION FAN FORUM ]


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Kid Cudi, Mac Miller, DMX & Sheek Louch On-Stage @ Rock the Bells
One of these things is not like the other. The latest iteration of the epic Rock the Bells hip-hop festival made its way to Mountain View, CA, over the weekend. As is to be expected when so many hip-hop heavyweights converge at one place in one time there was no shortage of on-feet sightings of all sorts. DMX showed up with an outfit channeling his days of yore, Timberlands and all. Fellow former Ruff Ryder Sheek Louch was also present, albeit with a more contemporary selection in the form of the recently released Air Jordan VII 'Olympic'. Comparative youngin's Mac Miller and Kid Cudi rounded out the group in the Air Jordan VII 'Bordeaux' and the Air Jordan VIII 'Aqua'. Stay with us after the jump for this photo recap and stick with Sneaker News should more shots pop up featuring sneaker sightings from Rock the Bells.
Photos: Mercury


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Pattern Sneakers Panda Fun Top CowCow Womens Shoes Skate Balloons amp; Hi Panda Pink 4fnn6
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Our PromiseAt Domestico, we understand that when you let a stranger into your home, you're not only trusting them with your valuables, you're trusting them to care for the rooms and furniture you and your family love. A cleaning service is more than just dusting and polishing, it's ensuring your home is in safe hands. We pride ourselves on hiring a cleaning staff that have each been interviewed, DBS checked, have at least three years' experience within the cleaning industry and speak a good level of English. Many of our clients have been with us for many years – from commercial customers to individual homeowners – and we've built our business from positive customer referrals. Enjoy a clean home the Domestico way.
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From The Blog
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Easter decorations to make with the children
Fun Top Pattern Skate Hi Shoes Sneakers Pink CowCow amp; Panda Womens Panda Balloons Easter is approaching fast and we all know that this brings us with lovely long weekends! For those of you with children thinking of ideas of what you can get them involved in this Easter, keep on reading to see some of our great Easter decoration ideas which are...
Carpet cleaning, tips and tricks
How to care for your carpets Over time our carpets get particles of dirt from shoes, pets, heavy trafficked areas or just simply from cleaning furniture etc. The dirt acts like thousands of blades cutting at the carpet fibres. When you walk across the dirty carpet,...
Quick cleaning tips – how to clean your home/flat in minimal time
With all of us busy working, bringing up children, trying to get 30 mins of exercise per day and maintain a social life, having a list of speed cleaning tips is essential! Check out our top tips for cleaning your home and flat in the fastest way possible! Make...


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Open Daily 10:00 - 17:00 Call: 0191 515 5555
EMAIL: firstname.lastname@example.com
Open Daily 10:00 - 17:00 Call: 0191 515 5555
EMAIL: firstname.lastname@example.com
Solo shows from 3 different glass artists
Petr Stanický, Richard Meitner and de la Torre Brothers,
Curator: Jeroen Maes, GlazenHuis
Artists Petr Stanický, Richard Meitner and the De La Torre Brothers have each been given space at National Glass Centre to present a 'solo show'. The result is three exhibitions presenting great contrast in terms of glass making technique, artistic approach and cultural influence.
Petr Stanický - Another Space
Petr Stanický is a sculptor from the Czech Republic who trained at both the Academy of Arts Design and Architecture in Prague and at the New York Academy of Arts.
Petr Stanický explores space and shape as a reflection of human existence using glass and mixed media to encourage us to consider our surroundings. At National Glass Centre he has responded to the architectural space of our Long Gallery and the upper floor entrance ramp creating new site-specific works and sculptural objects.
Richard Meitner - Twice Upon A Time
Acknowledged internationally as a master of glass Richard Meitner's work represents emotions that cannot be expressed in words. Using simple pure form it combines humour, science and humanity with strong but delicately balanced colour and material combinations. The majority of work shown has been created for this exhibition and represents the most recent development in his practice.
Richard Meitner moved from the United States to the Netherlands in 1972 to study at the Gerrit Rietveld Academy where he went on to teach and inspire a new generation of international artists. He currently teaches at Universidade Nove De Lisboa.
de la Torre Brothers - New World Primitives
The Mexican brothers Jamex and Einar de la Torre work collaboratively in hot glass but are also known for their use of media including lenticular print, found objects and cast resin. Their work reflects cultural influence, most notably Mexican folk and popular culture and Catholicisim, alongside reflections on the identity of other cultures they have engaged with.
The de la Torre Brother's work reflects their personalities. It is sensitive, objective and dynamic with a healthy serving of humour.
The exhibition was curated by Jeroen Maes, Artistic Director at GlazenHuis, the Flemish Centre for Contemporary Glass Art. It was originally shown at GlazenHuis during the summer of 2013 and has been revised by Jeroen Maes forNational Glass Centre.
This exhibition has been realised with the support of Czech Centre London
0191 515 5555


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Rihanna did something damn cool recently. And it didn't involve throwing a drink in Chris Brown's face. The pop star gave Adele's brand new baby some really adorable gifts, and then gave something to Adele. You know, the woman who just carried around a baby for nine months and then pushed it out of her vagina. Seems like a time for a gift if there ever was one. And we're not talking push presents of Rachel Zoe-proportions here, we're just talking a little something to let mama know you're thinking of her.
Here's what Rihanna got her songstress pal -- and other great gift ideas for new moms.
Lingerie! What RiRi bought DelDel. Supposedly, Rihanna sent some sexy lingerie to the new mom, along with a card that read: "You gotta stay sexy, yummy mummy. Enjoy yourself. Congrats." Cute! And a great idea.
A robe or comfy PJs. New moms spend a lot of time in "comfy clothes." AKA sweatpants and yoga pants. Giving a pal a soft robe or a pair of hole-less sweats will undoubtedly be very appreciated.
Lotion. A bit odd? Perhaps. But nothing feels as good as a hot shower does for a new mother. She'll be grateful to slather on something sweet-smelling and fun afterwards. (I vote Coconut Skin Trip!)
A good book. Will she have time to read it? Eh, eventually. You know what? A stack of magazines is probably better.
Slippers -- or flip flops if it's warm out. Again, new motherhood isn't exactly the time for getting dolled up, so the comfier -- and easier to get on -- the better.
Did you get any thoughtful new mom gifts?
Image via avrilllllla/Flickr


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FOX RIVER GROVE – The Fox River Grove Memorial Library plans a number of programs and events this fall.
The library, at 407 Lincoln Ave., is open from 9 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. Monday through Friday and until 4 p.m. Saturday.
• Job hunting seminars: Jim Pacholski, a certified workforce development professional, will dedicate seminars to the following topics: résumés and cover letters Wednesday; interviewing Thursday; portfolios Sept. 26; and holiday job searching Sept. 27. All seminars will be from 7 to 8:15 p.m. at the library. Registration is required.
• Story times: Story times will begin at the end of September. Wee Ones Story Time, for newborns through age 23 months with a parent, will run Tuesday mornings from Sept. 25 to Dec. 4. Tiny Tots Story Time, for ages 2 to 3 with a parent, will run Wednesday mornings from Sept. 26 through Dec. 5. Ready to Read Story Time, for ages 4 to 5 without a parent, will run Thursday mornings from Sept. 27 through Dec. 6. All story times begin at 10 a.m. Registration is required.
• Tween Advisory Board: Applications are available at the Ask-Me Desk for children in sixth- through eighth-grade. Applications are due Oct. 4.
Registration can be done at the circulation desk for adult programs and at the Ask-Me Desk for all programs in the youth and young adult divisions. Or call the library during normal business hours.
For information, visit www.frgml.lib.il.us or call 847-639-2274.␚


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MarketWatch's Retirement section features advice from a team of expert journalists and a wide range of finance and investing pros. But we also offer several free tools designed to help readers help themselves.
Perhaps the most sophisticated of those tools is our Retirement Planner. Developed by MarketWatch's personal-finance team, the Planner is a complex calculator that helps you estimate your readiness for retirement by pulling together information about your income, assets and spending plans. Not sure you can afford to retire when you want? The planner can steer you toward potential solutions. And there's no charge for the service. Click here to try it out for yourself.


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Contact Us
Three Side Seal Pouch For Candy Packaging and Confection Packaing3 side seal pouch a kind of flat pouch which is very popular option in food industry, it is with 3 side been sealed and have one side open for filling by hand or by machine. Lanker Pack provide a wide range of quality packaging bags for confectionery packaging. 3 side seal pouch is one of the most popular packaging bag for...Read More
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Sauce Pouch | Stand Up Pouch Hot Sauce Packaging | Soup PouchStand Up Pouches are one of the most popular packaging for sauce packaging and soup packaging, applicable for cold or hot filling condition. The sauce pouches and soup pouches produced by Lanker Pack could be applied in 90℃ filling condition, with high barrier foil material or clear materials, to protect your products with a...Read More
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VIZIO Reveals Must-Have TV and Audio Line-Up Just in time for the Holidays
Line-up Features LED TVs from 24" to Flagship 70" LED Smart TV and Four New Sound Bars for a Superior Audio Experience
IRVINE, CA - November 6, 2012 - Just in time for the holiday season, VIZIO, Inc., having recently received J.D. Power and Associates' "Highest in Customer Satisfaction with HDTVs" ranking1, announced today its new TV and audio line-up featuring an all LED-lit2 E-Series line and four newly designed sound bars. With the recently released E-Series 60" class Razor LED™ Smart TV (E601i) already being America's best-selling 60" flat-panel TV3, the line-up also includes the flagship E-Series 70" class Razor LED™ Smart TV (E701i) and new 2.0 and 2.1 E-Series and M-Series sound bars, the brand's holiday products are a great wish list addition, capable of taking any room in the home from ordinary to extraordinary at an unparalleled value.
Bringing superb picture quality to the forefront of the home, VIZIO's new, sleek E-Series HDTV holiday line-up features large screen size classes of 70", 60" (E601i), 50" (E500i), and 42" (E420i) LED Smart TVs, perfect for a living room or master bedroom upgrade, and smaller screen size classes of 39" (E390), 32" (E320), 29" (E291) and 24" (E241) LED units, ideal for the kitchen, den or office. Whether mounted on the wall, on a stand or in an entertainment center, the TVs look spectacular thanks to a slim outer bezel. A high-definition 1080p LED picture reveals richer, more vivid colors, while advanced local dimming technology delivers deeper blacks and brighter whites for overall stunning picture quality. Select E-Series models also feature an ultra-thin profile, less than two inches, and utilize Razor LED™ backlighting technology.
As the #1 brand in the US for WiFi flat-panel TVs4, VIZIO's 70", 60", 50", 42" and 32" Smart TVs feature VIZIO Internet Apps® with built-in WiFi for endless entertainment options and instant access to Netflix®, Amazon Instant Video, VUDU™ , Hulu Plus, YouTube®, Pandora®, Facebook®, Twitter® and others, all with the push of a button on the smart remote5. As VIZIO's flagship model, the 70" Razor LED™ Smart TV sets the new standard for big screens, serving as an affordable luxury for the entertainment enthusiast.
"The VIZIO TV and audio holiday line-up provides access to leading edge innovations and modern design at an unbeatable total value," said Matt McRae, VIZIO Chief Technology Officer. "The must-have features and stunning picture quality in the 70" LED Smart TV deliver an unparalleled combination of top technology made affordable without compromising quality or customer support."
Further reinforcing VIZIO's position as America's #1 Sound Bar Company6, the new E-Series and M-Series Sound Bars amplify the TV-watching experience by offering advanced audio quality in a compact design to fit any space. The latest SRS technologies featured in the 2.0 and 2.1 models limit unwanted volume fluctuations and allow for a more immersive surround sound experience.
The new line-up of sound bars pumps out 95 - 101dB of sound with less than 1% total harmonic distortion7, providing audiophiles with a substantial quality and clarity upgrade when compared to standard HDTV speakers. The E-Series (SB4021E) and M-Series (SB4021M) 2.1 Home Theater Sound Bars feature wireless subwoofers, which generate deep bass from up to 60 feet away without the use of additional cables. All sound bars connect easily to most HDTVs with just one cable.
"The E-Series and M-Series 2.0 and 2.1 Sound Bars are the perfect audio upgrade solution, allowing consumers to hear their content the way it was intended to be heard, with rich, accurate audio quality that raises home theater audio expectations to another level," said John Schindler, VIZIO Vice President of Product Management. "All four sound bars feature a slim and sleek design to complement any size TV, creating a rich home theater experience."
Appealing to the eyes as well as the ears this holiday season, VIZIO's LED TVs and sound bars offer consumers great options for any room in the house at an outstanding value. All E-Series LED TV units as well as the 2.0 and 2.1 E-Series and M-Series Sound Bars will be available both in-store and online through key retailers such as Walmart, Costco, Sam's Club, Target, Amazon and VIZIO.com. A summary of VIZIO's new holiday line-up can be found below with additional information available at VIZIO.com.
VIZIO E-Series Sound Bars
2.0 Sound Bar (SB4020E) - $99.99
2.1 Sound Bar (SB4021E) - $199.99
VIZIO M-Series Sound Bars
2.0 Sound Bar (SB4020M) - $119.99
2.1 Sound Bar (SB4021M) - $229.99
VIZIO E-Series LED Smart TVs
70" Razor LED Smart TV (E701i) - $1,999.99
60" Razor LED Smart TV (E601i) - $999.99
50" LED Smart TV (E500i) - $699.99
42" LED Smart TV (E420i) - $499.99
32" LED Smart TV (E320i) - $299.99
VIZIO E-Series LED TVs
29" Razor LED TV (E291) - $269.99
24" Razor LED TV (E241) - $199.99
About VIZIO
VIZIO, Inc. is headquartered in Irvine, California. In Q2 2007, VIZIO skyrocketed to the top by becoming the #1 shipping brand of flat panel HDTVs in North America and in Q3 2007 became the first American brand in over a decade to lead in U.S. LCD HDTV shipments. Since 2007 VIZIO LCD HDTV shipments remain in the top ranks in the U.S. and were #1 for the total year in 2009 and 2010. VIZIO is committed to bringing feature-rich consumer electronics to market at a value through practical innovation. VIZIO offers a broad range of award winning consumer electronics. VIZIO's products are found at Costco Wholesale, Sam's Club, Walmart, Target, BJ's Wholesale, and other retailers nationwide along with authorized online partners. VIZIO has won numerous awards including a #1 ranking in the Inc. 500 for Top Companies in Computers and Electronics, Fast Company's 6th Most Innovative CE Company of 2009, and made the lists of Ad Age's Hottest Brands, CNET's Editor's Choice, CNET Best of CES 2011 - Television, IGN Best of CES - Television, Bluetooth.org Best of CES, Good Housekeeping's Best Big-Screens, PC World's Best Buy, Popular Mechanics Editor's Choice and OC Metro's 10 Most Trustworthy Brands among many other prestigious honors. For more information, please call 888-VIZIOCE or visit www.VIZIO.com.