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In 1938, if you had a dollar and seventy-two cents, you could buy a copy of "The Rise of American Democracy," a seven-hundred-page hardcover about the size of a biggish Bible or a Boy Scout handbook. While a Bible's worth is hard to measure, the Scout guide, at fifty cents, was an awfully good bargain, and was, in any case, the book you'd most like to have if you were shipwrecked somewhere, not least because it included the chapter "How to Make Fire Without Matches." But "The Rise of American Democracy" promised, invaluably, "to make clear how Americans have come to live and to believe as they do." It was also a quick read. "A Simple Book," its ad copy boasted. "Paragraphs average three to a page. Sentences are short." Better yet: "A Democracy Theme runs through the whole text."
The book's authors, Mabel B. Casner, a Connecticut schoolteacher, and Ralph Henry Gabriel, a Yale professor, set out to make history matter. In a foreword written in the dark days of 1937, when Fascism, not democracy, was on the rise, they offered a sober historian's creed: "We live today in perilous times; so did many of our forefathers. They sometimes made mistakes; let us strive to learn not to repeat these errors. The generations which lived before us left us a heritage of noble ideals; let us hold fast to these." Above all, they wanted American schoolchildren to understand the idea of democracy. Gabriel, who went on to write "The Course of American Democratic Thought" and to help found the American Studies Association, was an intellectual historian. But the book is also full of practical teaching tips and "Real life Activities" (tested by Casner in her classroom in West Haven, Connecticut) that were supplied at the end of every chapter, and included instructions for an end-of-year finale—a class play to be performed some cool June afternoon—"The Rise of American Democracy: A Dramatization in Four Scenes." It begins in front of a closed curtain:
Enter COLUMBIA from one side and BOY from Europe from the opposite side.
Boy: I am looking for Columbia. Do you know where I could find her?
Columbia: I am she.
Boy (bowing): I am happy and honored to make your acquaintance. I come from Europe. I have heard much of your democracy. I have come to you to find out what it is like . . .
Columbia: I shall be glad to show you. Perhaps the best way is to go on a journey through American history. (Exit both together.)
The curtain rises on the Constitutional Convention, where Columbia and the earnest young European watch the delegates conclude their deliberations. But Scene 3, in which Columbia takes her awestruck European student of democracy to "the Western plains in the 1840's" to witness a shambles of bedraggled pioneers scuffling across the stage, is undoubtedly the play's climax, since it combines singing, cowboy costumes, and parts not only for every student but for pets, too, as per the sociable stage direction "dogs may be added." While the pioneers hum the tune to "Oh! Susanna," the boy, puzzled, turns to Columbia: "I understand that they are settling your great continent, but I do not understand what they have to do with democracy." To which Columbia replies, "Look at these men and women. They have only a few belongings and simple tools. Yet they are braving the dangers of the wilderness. They are building a democratic nation. Men do not have to have possessions to do great things." No matter if the scenery toppled, if the pioneers tripped in their boots, if the dogs barked and bayed; the audience had been treated to a concise restatement of what was then a dominant interpretation of the rise of American democracy—that it was fuelled by the settling of the frontier and that it chiefly involved the hardscrabble striving of poor white men.
All of which is taken up, and much of it disputed, in Sean Wilentz's new book, also called "The Rise of American Democracy" (Norton), just over a thousand pages, and, while no steal, reasonably priced at thirty-five dollars. Its paragraphs do not average three to a page. Its sentences are not short. But a Democracy Theme does run through the whole text.
In many ways, democracy's rise is baffling. Within the lifetime of, say, Noah Webster, an American born in 1758 and dead by 1843, the proportion of white men who were eligible to vote grew from less than half to nearly all. This sweeping extension of suffrage did not come all at once, with American independence or the ratification of the Constitution. It happened over decades, as new states entering the union adopted new and more democratic constitutions and old states revised theirs to eliminate property requirements for voting and to call for more direct and frequent elections. Meanwhile, the reputation of democracy as a form of government went from unutterably bad to unassailably good.
Well, maybe not quite unassailably. In 1837, Noah Webster vented his disgust at democracy's rise. "It has been a prevailing opinion, even with many of our greatest men, that the people can govern themselves, and that a democracy is of course a free government," he accurately observed. "Such language as this has been in the mouths of our patriots, and in the columns of newspapers for thirty or forty years, until it is considered as expressing political axioms of unquestionable truth." As a young man, Webster had made his name writing spelling books and editing staunchly Federalist newspapers. In 1828, he published his magnum opus, "An American Dictionary of the English Language." He was a born definer, not to say a mincer, of words. About the rise of democracy, he complained, "The men who have preached these doctrines have never defined what they mean by the people, or what they mean by democracy, nor how the people are to govern themselves." As Webster saw it, democracy is rule by the people and the people are, generally, insufferable idiots.
PEOPLE, n. . . .
- The vulgar; the mass of illiterate persons.
The knowing artist may judge better than the people. Waller.
"Give the people the power, and they are all tyrants as much as Kings," he wrote. "They are even more tyrannical; as they are less restrained by a sense of propriety or by principles of honor; more under the control of violent passions, exasperated by envy and hatred of the rich; stimulated to action by numbers; and subject to no responsibility."
As much as Noah Webster professed to loathe the people, so much did Thomas Jefferson profess to love them. Jefferson considered the mass of the American people—farmers—to be the great repository of republican virtue. "Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God, if ever he had a chosen people," he wrote. In the seventeen-nineties, Jefferson's followers, fiercely fighting Federalist rule, redefined democracy as the Revolution's legacy, a logic that made Federalism appear inconsistent with the spirit of the Revolution. "He that is not a Democrat is an aristocrat or a monocrat," one Jeffersonian declared. When Jefferson was elected President, in 1800, the Federalists, those rank monocrats, lost control of the government.
Always eager to serve his country, Webster wrote to Jefferson in 1801 offering an exegesis of his inaugural address (on the ground that "surely every sentence of the philosophical Jefferson must carry with it meaning"). In his address, Jefferson had declared, "Sometimes it is said that man can not be trusted with the government of himself. Can he, then, be trusted with the government of others? Or have we found angels in the form of kings to govern him? Let history answer this question." As for history, Webster had this answer: "If there ever was a government, which under the name of a republic or democracy, was generally guided by eminent wisdom, virtue and talents, it was a government of a mixed kind, in which an aristocratic branch existed independent of popular suffrage." After all, Webster asked, "what do men gain by elective governments, if fools and knaves have the same chance to obtain the highest offices, as honest men?"
Jefferson, who considered Webster "a mere pedagogue, of very limited understanding," never replied to his letter, and Webster added the slight to his list of grievances. The list was getting pretty long. As a Connecticut legislator from 1800 to 1807, Webster helped block bills eliminating the property qualification for voting. He himself had earned the right to vote, he was keen to point out, by writing his spelling books and dictionaries: "I am a farmer's son and have collected all the small portion of property which I possess by untiring efforts and labors to promote the literary improvement of my fellow citizens." And he would not have political decisions made for him by men who had no similar stake in the world. "If all men have an equal right of suffrage, those who have little and those who have no property, have the power of making regulations respecting the property of others," he reasoned. "In truth, this principle of equal suffrage operates to produce extreme inequality of rights; a monstrous inversion of the natural order of society." If voting-eligibility laws had to be changed, Webster had his own ideas about how to change them. "The people . . . would be more free and more happy," he suggested, "if all were deprived of the right of suffrage until they were 45 years of age, and if no man was eligible to an important office until he is 50."
By the end of the War of 1812, the Federalists had effectively lost any real influence over the American electorate. In the eighteen-twenties and thirties, a new kind of democracy emerged, as the nation expanded and more and poorer white men came to the polls and were elected to office. With the election of that scrappy frontiersman Andrew Jackson, in 1828, Jeffersonianism gave way to Jacksonianism: tied to party, arrayed against moneyed privilege, and advocating economic opportunity. By then, Webster had all but given up on the United States. Had he known what would become of the Republic, he would never have lifted a finger to fight the Revolution. Even George Washington, Webster thought, "would never have opposed the British government" if he could have anticipated the spoils system. Weary of his home state, Webster wished "to be forever delivered from the democracy of Connecticut." He'd even be willing to make the great sacrifice of moving to Vermont, if that state could "be freed from our democracy," adding, "As to the cold winters, I would, if necessary, become a troglodyte and live in a cave."
What accounts for the rise of American democracy? The field of explanation—even the phrase itself—is littered with metaphors. "American democracy did not rise like the sun at its natural hour in history," Wilentz wryly observes, dismissing the notion that democracy arrived, fully formed, in 1776 or 1787. To Noah Webster, democracy was a sickness, and the only question was "whether the United States are to suffer all the violence of the disease, or only its milder symptoms." Other early observers of American democracy determined that it had been set in motion by the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, like a child's windup toy. Having heard that all men are born free and equal, all men and women, no matter what race, no matter how poor, will eventually seize that freedom. When Alexis de Tocqueville visited the United States in 1831, he concluded that American democracy was the unavoidable consequence of Americans' equality. "The more I advanced in the study of American society," he wrote, "the more I perceived that this equality of condition is the fundamental fact from which all others seem to be derived." As he saw it, a nation of men possessed of roughly equal estates and education, and lacking aristocratic titles, must necessarily become a nation of men possessed of roughly equal political rights. "To conceive of men remaining forever unequal upon a single point, yet equal on all others, is impossible; they must come in the end to be equal upon all," he wrote.
Tocqueville's interpretation was largely put aside by later historians, including Frederick Jackson Turner, who treated the subject in a 1903 essay in the Atlantic, "Contributions of the West to American Democracy." Turner believed that democracy had everything to do with the land—"this vast shaggy continent of ours"—and offered his own metaphor for the rise of American democracy: "the wind of Democracy blew . . . from the West." From Colonial days onward, Turner argued, blustery demands for fuller political participation—for local governance, more frequent elections, and broader suffrage—came, always, from frontier settlers chafing at the authority of Eastern élites. "A fool can sometimes put on his coat better than a wise man can do it for him," they told royal governors and, later, state legislators and, above all, the federal government. The Declaration of Independence and the Constitution may have been drafted on the shores of the Atlantic, Turner conceded, but they were tested in the foothills of the Alleghenies and beyond. "This, at least, is clear," Turner insisted. "American democracy is fundamentally the outcome of the experiences of the American people in dealing with the West."
Turner's thesis of frontier democracy influenced generations of American historians and decades of American popular culture and more or less dictated Casner and Gabriel's story about the rise of American democracy. Like most good theories, it had a long life as an interpretation before historians began calling it a myth. But Turner's thesis does not shape Wilentz's. "In fact," Wilentz contends, "the West borrowed heavily from eastern examples."
In this, Wilentz, a professor of history at Princeton and a contributing editor of The New Republic, follows the elegant work of Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., who, in "The Age of Jackson," published in 1945, gently observed, "It has seemed that Jacksonian democracy, which has always appeared an obvious example of Western influence in American government, is not perhaps so pat a case as some have thought." Schlesinger argued that the rise of American democracy during the age of Jackson was the result of class struggle in an industrializing economy. For Schlesinger, this was a struggle of ideas—most of all, of one idea, that political power can be divorced from property ownership. "It is in vain to talk of Aristocracy and Democracy," a stonecutters unionist declared in 1835. "These terms are too variable and indeterminate to convey adequate ideas of the present opposing interests; the division is between the rich and the poor—the warfare is between them." That war, as Schlesinger described it in a chapter called "Jacksonian Democracy as an Intellectual Movement," was waged as much in politics and the courts as in American letters (perhaps most notably in the Democratic Review, a journal founded in 1837 "for the purpose of enlisting Literature, Religion, and Philosophy on the side of Democracy," and whose contributors included Bryant, Hawthorne, Thoreau, Whittier, Whitman, Poe, and Longfellow).
Wilentz's initial foray into the story of democracy's rise came with his first book, "Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788-1850" (1984), in which he argued that urban workers and radicals constituted the truly democratic element in Jacksonianism. Wilentz was criticized for his depiction of manly artisans fighting the good fight (in my dog-eared copy, I found a note, passed to me by a classmate: "Do Wilentz's workers have any vices other than the occasional stiff drink?"), but the book earned him considerable praise. Ironically, it also won the Frederick Jackson Turner Award of the Organization of American Historians.
"The Rise of American Democracy" is, to some degree, "Chants Democratic" writ large. It expands that story both geographically—following democracy's growth among what Wilentz labels "city democrats" and "country democrats"—and chronologically; the book's subtitle is "From Jefferson to Lincoln," a choice that Wilentz is at pains to explain. "By singling out Jefferson and Lincoln, I certainly do not mean to say that presidents and other great men were solely responsible for the vicissitudes of American politics," he writes. That Wilentz, the loving chronicler of nineteenth-century New York workingmen's "shirtless democracy," should become a champion of Presidential history, in any form, is remarkable. But he believes that social historians have lost their way. The problem with social history, he argues, is that it has "generally submerged the history of politics in the history of social change, reducing politics and democracy to by-products of various social forces." What he's done in "The Rise of American Democracy," and done exceedingly well, is to trace the play between politicians and political ideas, on the one hand, and the people and popular movements, on the other. More metaphors, this time Wilentz's mix: "Just as political leaders did not create American democracy out of thin air, so the masses of Americans did not simply force their way into the corridors of power."
Consider the story of an American slave named, improbably enough, Madison Washington. In the fall of 1841, Washington was serving as a cook on a ship called the Creole, sailing from Virginia with a hundred and thirty-five slaves aboard to be sold in New Orleans as part of the entirely legal coastal slave trade. When the ship neared the Bahamas, he left the ship's mess to lead a group of eighteen slaves in a revolt. They overwhelmed the crew and had the ship steered to Nassau. There the British authorities arrested the rebels and freed the rest of the ship's slaves. Like the Amistad case, two years earlier, the Creole uprising sparked an intense national debate. More important, it sparked a debate in Congress, where discussions of slavery had been silenced by a gag rule put in place by Southern legislators in 1836. Using the Creole controversy to challenge the gag rule, a young Ohio congressman named Joshua Giddings introduced a series of antislavery resolutions in the House in March, 1842, including one calling the Creole rebellion just. A motion to censure Giddings passed, 125 to 69, in a vote that split along sectional, not party, lines. But Giddings won back his seat just a month later, in a special election—in a vote of 7,469 to 393. Even his enemies conceded that Giddings's stunning reëlection was "the greatest triumph ever achieved by a member of this House." As Wilentz writes, "Although the gag rule would not be formally voted down until December 1844, it had, as Giddings later related, 'morally ceased to operate.' "
In telling stories like this, Wilentz recovers the role played by men like Madison Washington in national politics and in democracy's rise. Washington didn't vote to end the gag rule; Giddings did. But Giddings was able to do what he did because Washington did what he did. "Giddings was on the lookout for some way to advance antislavery agitation beyond organizing yet again against the gag rule," Wilentz writes, "but he found it only after the Creole rebellion." Together, black rebels, white abolitionists, and antislavery politicians like Giddings forced the discussion of slavery onto the floor of Congress.
Readers may weary at the length of Wilentz's book, but, as a model for integrating social and political history, it's hard to dispute. That it will be disputed is, however, certain, if only because Wilentz has been such a vigorous critic of his colleagues. He has had little use for historians who defend Federalists like Noah Webster. To those who celebrate Federalists for their opposition to slavery, Wilentz counters, "Rarely has any group of Americans done so little to deserve such praise." In his New Republic reviews, Wilentz has been particularly indignant about historians who place Federalists in a better light than Republicans or who dismiss Jefferson's entire career because he owned slaves (including some who were almost certainly his own children). David McCullough's "John Adams" was, in his view, "popular history as passive nostalgic spectacle." Garry Wills's book about Jefferson's election, "Negro President," he deemed "misadventurous." In another essay, Wilentz concluded, "Were he alive today, Jefferson would probably regard modern American historians as a rascally bunch."
But one thing that Federalists understood—for all their failings, for all their unmitigated snobbery—was the fragility of democracy. I'd be willing to consider you an angel, Webster told Jefferson, if you could show me a democracy that isn't corrupt, or if you could protect the United States from "the instruments with which vicious and unqualified men destroy the freedom of elections, and exalt themselves into power, trampling first on the great and good, and afterwards on the very people to whom they owe their elevation." Webster may have been a prig, but he wasn't a duffer. ♦


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I'm not very knowledgeable of String formatting, so I was hoping someone could answer what I hope will be an easy question:
I am using String.format to format Strings into some specified pattern. How would I write the format String for currency?
For example, I'd like to convert:
I attempted something as simple as:
If I input: 105.1000032
It converts it to: $10
And if I input 1005.1000032
The test program never actually starts up. I assume some sort of infinite loop or something going on, but I don't care right now since my format is incorrect anyway.
What should my format String be? Keep in mind that I am NOT converting it to a number type before formatting it.

subset: commoncrawl


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As economies across the globe continue to contract, navies, armies, and air forces are being told, if not, "do more with less" to at least "do the same with less." Proceedings thus asked sea-service commanders around the world: What innovative efficiencies and economies are you implementing, or considering implementing, to improve force readiness?
Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope
In an age of austerity, finding efficiencies is driving more and more of, if not what we do, then certainly how we do it. Consequently, change across the Ministry of Defence (MOD) is already well-advanced to ensure that outputs are sustainable in the longer term. Such essential change includes: wide-ranging organizational reform; capability rebalancing for the future; redirecting resources to the front line; as well as deepening and expanding the pool of collaboration with the United States, France, and our many other allies.
When it comes to improving force readiness, the Royal Navy is, like other navies, continuously seeking further efficiencies. Take our four minehunters based out of Bahrain. The warships are permanently on station while the crews rotate from the United Kingdom every six months. By detaching the people from the platform, time on a vital task can be maintained with the greatest efficiency. In this particular case, it is a model that works extremely well.
Efficiency is also about getting the most "available sea days" throughout the life of our platforms. So, for example, by working with industry, recent analysis indicates that further optimization of maintenance and operating cycles of platforms and onboard systems could potentially yield a 20 percent improvement in Astute-class submarine availability.
Improvements to force readiness also are being made by passing the responsibility for force generation from Navy Command Headquarters directly down to the naval bases. With the planning and execution of maintenance and operating cycles nearer the waterfront, platform availability is already on an upward trajectory. Such improvements have been assisted by bringing equipment support areas of the MOD closer together with industry. Under recently created "class output management organizations," where the focus is exclusively on individual classes of ship and submarine, the benefits to force readiness are considerable.
Of course, in an age of austerity, it is not unreasonable that defence departments and their navies are thinking in terms of efficiency. But efficiency is only one side of the coin for value. Effectiveness is the other, and those of us with responsibilities for providing security and defense will only truly deliver value for money if effectiveness is considered in equal measure.
As the United Kingdom moves from, as our Secretary of State for Defence put it, "campaigns to contingency," so a premium is placed on highly capable, high-readiness forces. In my view the small marginal cost of operating warships with their organic aircraft and submarines at sea, rather than being garrisoned in naval bases, is an attractive benefit of maritime forces. Perhaps therefore, especially in these straitened times, the best way to improve force readiness is to have contingent maritime forces where they deliver effect best. At sea.
View All "The Commanders Respond" Entries »


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Similar questions have been asked elsewhere, but I think this is sufficiently different to warrant a new post. I have a particular matrix $A$ and would like to know when the system $Ax = 0$ has at least one non-negative solution (other than $\vec{0}$). The problem is underdetermined: in most cases I expect the number of variables to be of the order $m^2$, where $m$ is the number of equations. Furthermore, each column of the matrix sums to $0$ and every equation has a mix of positive and negative coefficients. Is this a sufficient condition for the existence of a non-negative solution?
I have seen the algorithm of http://www.jstor.org/pss/1968384, which can be used to test whether a particular system of equations has a non-negative solution, but have not been able to use it to derive a proof for a general family of matrices.


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Holocaust Restitution
California is home to 15,000 to 20,000 Holocaust survivors, the second-largest such population in the United States. An estimated 6,000 to 8,000 Californians receive reparation or restitution payments. For example, about 1,040 now receive monthly pension benefits that average $350 from the German government. About 40 percent of those who receive reparation or restitution payments live in poverty, according to officials at Bet Tzedek Legal Services, a Los Angeles-based non-profit, nonsectarian law firm that serves the poor, elderly and disabled without regard to race or religion. The transfer or wire fee charged by financial institutions to process these payments can range from $10 to $40. That can be a significant burden on recipients, the vast majority of whom are elderly. Today, the average age of a Holocaust survivor exceeds 75, and the survivors are dying at a rate of approximately 10 percent a year.
In July 2003, then-Treasurer Phil Angelides asked the chief executive officers of each of the financial institutions that do business with the State and/or have been identified by Bet Tzedek as processing reparation payments to sign a commitment pledge to voluntarily waive any wire transfer or processing fees associated with Holocaust reparations or restitution.
Quick Links
- $5.2 Billion German Settlement
- $1.25 Billion Swiss Bank Settlement
- Related Websites
- Additional Resources
- Holocaust Restitution Home


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Hi, everyone! If you do the shopping thing for the holidays, here's wishing you great sales and safe travels to and from.
I write a serialized story--Elizabeth's Waltz and post a new installment for my Dream Catcher Newsletter subscribers each month. It's a sweet historical western about the trials and tribulations four young women share as they husband hunt. Here's the Link to Elizabeth's Waltz.
I've posted the story (as written to this point) on my blog in book form. Check it out if you have time. I hope you enjoy. If you like it, the next installment will appear in tomorrow's December newsletter. Not a subscriber? Easy to fix by clicking the "subscribe" button on my blog.
Happy Holidays to you all~


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Here is a video from the Egyptian TV showing Tantawy in a civilian suit at Kasr Al Nil.
Now of course this visit generated a huge reaction from the people online. Well many did not like the move as it reminded them with the moves of Mubarak when he used suddenly to appear in a mall to show how down earth he is.
What made people even more angrier is the comment of the Egyptian TV guest on that clip, the Egyptian TV showed the clip while Al Ahram journalist Gamal Zaida was commenting on how great this scene is. Zaida of course raised the bar and said the following :
Another thing about the field marshal's , he wears a civilian suit , he can rule Egypt as a president in the upcoming period !!!Zaida as an old hypocrite journalist from the Mubarak's era , a small search in Google will you what kind of stuff he writes and how what he said yesterday is something expected from him.
Anyhow we should thank Mr. Zaida for his hypocrisy as he just pushed the button and made thousands of Egyptians unite again on one thing : Refusing the military rule.
I believe that the move was actually a stupid one , really stupid especially before the "End of emergency law Friday" which one of its main demands : A clear and short timeline for elections whether parliamentary or presidential to ensure a real democratic civilian transition.
Some people already have been so much provoked to the level that they decided to join the protest at Tahrir square next Friday to stand against the military rule. The electoral committee of NDP is working like fire in websites like Youm 7 or Al Ahram Arabic portal.
I will no deny that regular Egyptians do not have fear as well as expectations that someone from SCAF will rule " either Anan or Tantawy" but they do not approve this or like because they know what it does mean to have another military rule for another 60 years as it is 25 January and not 52 January.
People have not stopped jokes since last night whether on twitter or Facebook especially on twitter where you have got hashtags like #TantawyNewLook and #BadletTantawy "Tantawy's suit". There are tons of hashtag making fun from the man and criticizing him harshly . Strangely enough Al Ahram portal published the jokes . The Facebook jokes pages are publishing these kind of photos to make fun from the tour and the suit.
|SCAF fulfills its promises and hands over
the rule to Civilian authority
Mr. Tantawy swears in front Field Marshal Tantawy
Carlos Latuff did not waste any time and made a cartoon about Tantawy's suit even before travelling.
Update :
A military source has denied that Tantawy is going to run for presidency insisting that the visit was unintentional and that Tantawy was in a family private visit there when he decided to walk with security among the people to know their complaints.
Now there is a strong and evil conspiracy theory that says this clip was not filmed yesterday but was filmed from 2 years ago in 2009 !! According to this theory Tantawy was attending some wedding Downtown with the same suit , there are pictures from that wedding and we also got the bride or rather the ex-bride from that wedding also on twitter "she got divorced"
Interestingly enough the security had a campaign against street vendors Downtown , a strong campaign so I wonder where these street vendors appeared in the clip came !?


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homecash6 necesitaba un nuevo diseño de página web y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 36 diseños de 14 diseñadores freelance.
The product will be selling a learning kit on how to trade Forex. They will have instant access to videos and training in the members area and also be shipped a CD.
Examples of sites similar but in a different niche:
Our company focuses on creating offers for those wanting to make full or part-time incomes from the comfort of their own home trading Forex.
For this particular offer we're looking for a design based around a templates such as http://www.acai-pure.com. (Obviously different colours, images etc, but the premise and size should be similar)
The aim is to grab their first name, last name, email and phone number on the first page and then redirect them to a second form that takes their credit card details.
You can see examples of this if you enter dummy information into the offer above.
Top left - logo and slogan under Logo and name "Make Money With Forex"
Below this in large text "Make Money From Home With The Power Of Forex"
Below this bullet points or ticks highlighting the benefits:
- Earn A Full Time Income Within Days!
- Recession Proof Opportunity!
- No Previous Experience Required!
- 24 Hour Access To Training Materials!
- Work With A Forex Professional!
nd next to these bullet points a little montage of CD's and ebooks to make it look
like a package.
below this, an arrow pointing to the short order form on the left. Text on arrow saying
Claim Your FREE Trial Now
(Order form should take their first name, last name, email and phone number
like http://www.learnsellprofit.com)
below this, a sub-heading
"Why's everyone talking about Trading From Home? Forex Hits the Media Spotlight:"
Here's what we have so far http://www.forexmeta.com/tryforex but I don't like the color and the images. However, you should get an idea of the sort of style I'm looking for. I will have all the content in the next 24 hours. If you have any questions at all, please don't hesitate to contact me.
- Great, simple, distinctive logo
- Good quality images
- Reassurance through use of official bodies i.e. (As see on TV, CBS, CNBC News) etc
- A designer we can develop a long term relationship with
I dont want something that looks like a template website. This is not a complicated project but does need someone with creativity to make it convert.


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If Lauren Zizes were a country, according to a recent episode of Glee, her flag would be a big fist giving the rest of the world a finger. Likewise unfazed by criticism, Ashley Fink, the 24-year-old actress who plays the acerbic high school wrestler (currently subbing for Chris Colfer's Kurt Hummel in the New Directions glee club), is proud to flip the "fat guy, skinny wife" sitcom stereotype through Lauren's budding romance with Puck, Mark Salling's sexy jock. Responding to Rosie O'Donnell's recent remarks about the controversial storyline, Fink explains why Glee's biggest loser is worthy of a win-win situation.
By Brandon Voss
Advocate.com: Your character on Glee has resonated with gay viewers, but you first came to the gay audience's attention in 2006 with your breakthrough role in Ash Christian's Fat Girls.
Ashley Fink: Dude, that was crazy. I was only 17 when I got Fat Girls, and I turned 18 right before we shot it. We made that movie for less than you can buy a BMW, but we got to travel all over with it, it won an award at Outfest, and it gave me this insane gay following, which was fantastic. I felt right at home, because I've had this incredible connection with the gay community since I was 4 years old, growing up in Houston with two fabulous gay babysitters, Steve and Terry. There's never been a better friend for me than the gays.
How do you explain that connection?
Growing up "other" in any way, whether it be gay, chubby, or whatever, you have to fight. Kurt's bullying storyline on Glee has really resonated with me because middle school was terrible for me. I had curly blonde hair, I was chubby, I went to school with all these rich kids, and I was just miserable. I'd leave in tears every day. I remember thinking, This is not going to be my life. I had to find my power, so I developed a quick wit. After a while, I didn't take anybody's shit. I was like, You've pushed me around, and I'm bored with you. Luckily, I got a scholarship to a performing arts high school, and I ended up having a great high school experience. I overcame.
And now you're on Glee. You're a walking "It Gets Better" moment.
It's true. It's tough, but it does get better. I never wanted to give anyone the satisfaction of taking something away from me. People bully you because they see something in you that they don't have. Now I'm actually involved with the Trevor Project, and I was out there with picket signs to protest Prop. 8… Gay causes are the causes I support the most.
The Lauren and Puck romance on Glee has been causing quite a stir in the blogosphere, but the controversy seems to have come to a head after last week's episode with Rosie O'Donnell's statements to Access Hollywood about the onscreen pairing. "Every woman I know who's heavy has very strong feelings about that storyline," she said. "They're like, 'Can you believe that? I think it's horrible. That never happens in school. That character is so unlikable. Why didn't they get a pretty heavy girl?'" She went on to say that "every story deserves to be told," but what's your take on her more unflattering observations?
It's so crazy. Rosie's been talking about me for a bit now, and it was very positive. Then she was on Access Hollywood, promoting a new hairstyle or something, and for some reason she decided to talk about me again. I've been a fan of Rosie's for a long time — for Christmas one year I asked for a Koosh ball like she threw at people because I thought she was the coolest lady ever — so I am surprised at the comments she made. I've got swagger too, so I don't find my storyline unrealistic. When I went to performing arts high school, I did date the cutest boy in school, and I sang whatever song I wanted. My storyline has resonated with a lot of people, plus-sized and not, who don't feel "other," so I'm honored to portray Lauren.
Rosie particularly expressed her problems with Lauren's solo, "I Know What Boys Like," because she expected more of a "Susan Boyle moment."
Lauren was nervous. Everyone has a weak spot, and Lauren had stage fright. Glee club is opening up her heart, so I hope that the next time she sings she gets to shake the rafters.
You're active on Twitter. What's the fan response been since Rosie's statements?
What a way to wake up on a Friday, right? My followers were like, "What?! Ashley's beautiful!" I was like, OK, something must've happened while I was asleep.
Does it hurt to hear someone you so admire say unsupportive things about you and your character?
Not really, but I'll possibly address it with her in the future. If I see her, I might be like, "Woman, let's talk about this. Don't be jealous 'cause a big girl's doing her thing on Glee." [Laughs] I love Rosie and I respect her opinion, so all I can say is that some of her comments were strange to me. But she was supportive originally, and I think she's still supportive: She did say that she knows Brad Falchuk and Ryan Murphy are good navigators of this ship, and I agree. Besides, I don't write the show, so I don't have control over her complaints. But I'm really happy with my character, I'm proud to play her, and I'm having a blast. The whole plus-sized thing is so relevant in the media, but it's so much less of a big deal in real life.
Because Lauren's storylines do have potential to be sensitive — like Puck serenading Lauren with Queen's "Fat Bottomed Girls" — do the writers ever discuss them with you in advance to gauge your reaction?
No, they don't necessarily ask me about things like that, but I know that they'd be willing to hear my concerns. I have complete faith in the Glee team and I'm very happy with where the character's going. "Fat Bottomed Girls" is one of my favorite songs, and Mark's version is amazing. I've been blasting it in my car since the day we shot it.
Glee stars a lot of skinny girls and guys with visible abs. What's craft services like?
There is a lot of brown rice and avocado. [Laughs] Look, I'm not going to out any of those girls, but I see some of them eating bagels on the regular. I hear about other sets where actresses are paid not to eat, but Glee's not that way at all. We can all get down. I've actually been losing weight because I'm working 12 hours a day, dancing my ass off.
Lauren is currently making Puck work hard to woo her, which means that you have the challenge of acting like the sexy Mark Salling isn't rocking your world.
And that bitch is making it so difficult on me. He's adorable. Our favorite thing is to make each other laugh when we're not supposed to. When he was doing "Fat Bottomed Girls," I'm going through all these emotions — I'm uncomfortable, everyone's staring, I love him, but he's singing about my butt — and he was being such a dork, trying so hard to make me laugh. He does not make my life easy.
Lauren said her "seven minutes in heaven" with Puck were more like "three minutes I'll never get back." But in reality, I'm guessing that was good stuff, right?
Yeah. It's so awkward when you're making out in front of cameras and getting direction, but I do have to say that out of all my onscreen love interests, Mark is the best kisser. I will give you that, lady.
Because Lauren pictured the glee club in their underwear during "I Know What Boys Like," your gay fans scored a few heavenly minutes of their own.
You're welcome. I'm taking one for the team, kissing Mark Salling and getting everyone half-naked for America. I'm a giver. Yeah, that day was grueling. I was like, If I have to see any more flesh today, I don't know what I'm going to with myself.
Did you share Lauren's nerves during your solo debut?
No, it was fun. I fuckin' loved it. Honestly, I had to sing my face off in my auditions before I even got on the show, because they never really know where you're going to end up. When Ryan was like, "You're going to be singing in this episode" — I had no idea because we hadn't gotten the whole script yet — I just thought "I Know What Boys Like" was the perfect song. Lauren clearly does know, because boys like confidence and integrity. And the fact there's now a Glee song on iTunes with my name next to it? What the hell?
When did you find out that Lauren would replace Kurt in New Directions?
Literally, wardrobe called me and said, "Hey, we need you to come in for a fitting for the group number." I was like, "Why would I need to match the rest of the cast for a group number?" They were like, "Oh, no. We ruined it." I was like, "Ruined what?" Then I got my script and I still didn't believe it. I texted Chris Colfer, "I join the glee club?!" I really thought it was a big ruse.
I read that Lauren wasn't originally written as overweight, but your being cast helped to shape the character. Do your own interests and mannerisms continue to influence the character?
There are definitely things I've said on set that I've ended up saying on the show. There are even things I've said that other people have ended up saying on the show. Ryan is very attuned with us. Like when Lauren had to imagine everybody in their underwear, I was like, "OK, Sue needs to be in a dominatrix outfit. Mr. Schue needs to be in boxers, but even if I imagined him in his underwear, he'd still be in a vest." So there are bits of me that pop up here and there, but I'm more enthusiastic than Lauren.
What's been the highlight of your Glee experience so far?
Really, anytime I get to do a musical number. I've been coming in and out since the eighth episode, but the first time I got to sing and dance with all the kids, I was like, OK, am I going to wake up tomorrow? And the Golden Globes were obviously amazing. I was Chris Colfer's date, and he was the best date ever.
How did he pop that question?
I got him a Burlesque poster signed by Cher and Christina Aguilera for Christmas because we were both obsessed with that movie. A couple days later, right before Christmas break, we were shooting a scene for "Silly Love Songs" at Breadstix where we were actually together — because the lamest thing is being on a show with one of your best friends, but every time I'm there, he's not. So while we were shooting the scene, he got down on one knee and said, "I don't want you to think this has anything to do with Cher, but will you be my date to the Golden Globes?" I was so honored, I teared up, and then I was like, "But Ryan Reynolds is single. He's not available?" Then he won, Jane Lynch won, and the show won, so the camaraderie that night was something you tell your grandparents about. I mean grandkids. Grandparents don't care. "I'm on a show called Glee!" "Oh, that's great! Is it on Fox News?" "No."
There's also been some controversy surrounding Blaine's questioning of his sexuality in tonight's episode, "Blame it on the Alcohol." Are gay fans riled up over nothing?
Well, I haven't seen the episode yet. I was a little surprised when I read it, but I think it's been blown out of proportion. I mean, the episode is called "Blame it on the Alcohol." But I'm excited to see the feedback.
After Kurt's inevitable return to New Directions, will Lauren stay in the club?
I hope she stays. She's making good friends there, and I think she and Kurt would have a lot of fun together.
As would you and Chris, it sounds like.
Nah, we can't stand each other. Our friendship is all for publicity.
Advocate.com, February 2011.


text:
Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
Authors and Literary Works
Rudolfo Anaya
Works by the Author
Works about the Author
Works by the Author
Anaya, Rudolfo. Alburquerque. New York: Warner Books, 1994.
A young boxer from the barrio, unaware that he is adopted, learns that he is the son of a now-deceased wealthy white woman and an unknown Mexican man. As he attempts to track down his father, he encounters racism, greed, and political corruption in Albuquerque's affluent white community.
----. Bless Me, Ultima. Berkeley, CA: Quinto Sol Publications, 1972
----. Heart of Aztlan. Berkeley, CA: Editorial Justa Publications, 1976.
Set in an Albuquerque barrio, this novel tells the story of a family's journey from rural to urban life. Anaya's magic realism underlies his portrayal of workers and young people struggling to survive in an unfamiliar, and sometimes unforgiving, environment.
----. Tortuga. Berkeley, CA: Editorial Justa Publications, 1979.
A coming-of-age novel set in a hospital for crippled children, Tortuga continues the themes of healing and spirituality Anaya explored in Bless Me, Ultima. As the disabled adolescent protagonist learns about himself, the world of the hospital, and the wider world outside, he begins to understand the lessons taught by suffering.
----. Jalamanta, A Message From the Desert. New York: Warner Books, 1996.
Jalamanta has spent 30 years wandering in the desert, exiled by a government that considered him dangerous. Now he has returned to his people to show those living in poverty and violence the way of salvation and hope.
Other Works:
The Silence of the Llano: Short Stories (1982)
The Legend of La Llorona (1984)
Adventures of Juan Chicaspatas (1985)
Rudolfo Anaya, Autobiography (1985)
Lord of the Dawn: The Legend of Quetzalcoatl (1987)
The Farolitos of Christmas (1987)
Incredible Elfego Baca: Good Man, Bad Man of the Old West (1994)
Zia Summer (1995)
The Anaya Reader (1995)
Rio Grande Fall (1996)
Maya's Children: The Story of la Llorona (1997)
Shaman Winter (1999)
Billy the Kid (1999)
The Season of La Llorona (1987)
A Chicano in China (1985)
Works about the Author
Baeza, Abelard. Keep Blessing Us, Ultima: A Teaching Guide for Bless Me, Ultima. Austin: Easkin Press, 1997.
This book includes analysis, strategies, and more to help teachers plan classroom lessons around Anaya's novel.
Dick, Bruce and Silvio Sirias (eds). Conversations With Rudolfo Anaya. Jackson, MS: University of Mississippi, 1998).
This collection of interviews with Anaya concerns issues of race and writing.
Gish, Robert Franklin. "Curanderismo and Witchery in the Fiction of Rudolfo A. Anaya: The Novel as Magic." New Mexico Humanities Review, 2 (1979): 5-13.
This critical article contains historical and cultural information about witchcraft in the American Southwest.
Gonzalez-T, César A. (ed). Rudolfo A. Anaya: Focus On Criticism. La Jolla, CA: Lalo Press, 1990.
This collection includes critical essays by a number of U.S. and European scholars, and an extensive bibliography.
Olmos, Margarite Fernandez. Rudolfo A. Anaya: A Critical Companion. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999.
This critical interpretation of Anaya's work focuses primarily on Mexican American issues.
Vassallo, Paul (ed). The Magic of Words. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1982.
This commemorative collection of articles and essays focuses on Mexican Americans and New Mexico in the work of Anaya.
James Baldwin
Works by the Author
Works about the Author
Works by the Author
Baldwin, James. Another Country. New York: Dial Press, 1962.
Set in Greenwich Village, Harlem, and France, this emotionally intense novel explores the sexual, racial, political, and artistic tensions of its time.
----. Blues for Mister Charlie. New York: Dial Press, 1964.
Loosely based on the murder of civil rights activist Emmett Till in 1955, Blues for Mister Charlie is a morality play that pits "whitetown" against "blacktown."
----. The Fire Next Time. New York: Dial Press, 1963.
----. Giovanni's Room. New York: Dial Press, 1956.
The young American narrarator of this novel struggles with his homosexuality and ruminates on his troubled love affair with an Italian man who has been sentenced to die for murder.
----. Go Tell It On the Mountain. New York: Knopf, 1953.
"Mountain is the book I had to write if I was ever going to write anything else," James Baldwin once remarked. A partly autobiographical novel, it tells the tale of a sensitive teenage preacher who battles with his brutal stepfather.
----. If Beale Street Could Talk. New York: Dial Press, 1974.
This poetic love story concerns a young artist who is unjustly accused of a crime. A book full of anger, it is ultimately about the saving power of love and the importance of family bonds.
-----. Nobody Knows My Name: More Notes of a Native Son. New York: Dial Press, 1961.
This collection of essays explores race relations in America and also includes Baldwin's commentary on author Richard Wright's work.
----. Notes of a Native Son. Boston: Beacon Press, 1955.
Baldwin's first book of essays covers topics such as life in Harlem and the protest novel.
----. "The Rockpile" and "Sonny's Blues," from Going to Meet the Man. New York: Vintage, 1995.
Other Works:
Everybody's Protest Novel (1949)
The Amen Corner (1955)
Going to Meet the Man (1965)
Tell Me How Long the Train's Been Gone (1968)
Just Above My Head (1979)
The Price of the Ticket (1985)
Works about the Author
Achebe, Chinua. "James Baldwin." In James Baldwin: The Legacy, edited by Quincy Troupe. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.
This critical appreciation explores Baldwin's work and its influence.
Albert, Richard N. "The Jazz-Blues Motif in James Baldwin's 'Sonny's Blues.'" College Literature, 11:2 (Spring 1984): 178-185.
This critical essay considers the music that most influenced Baldwin.
Byerman, Keith E. "Words and Music: Narrative Ambiguity in 'Sonny's Blues.'" Studies in Short Fiction, 19:4 (Fall 1982): 367-72.
This analytic essay considers the role of music in Baldwin's work.
Clark, Michael. "James Baldwin's 'Sonny's Blues': Childhood Light and Art." College Language Association Journal, 29:2 (December 1985): 197-205.
This critical analysis explores different aspects of Baldwin's short story.
Kollhofer, Jakob (ed). James Baldwin: His Place in American Literary History and His Reception in Europe. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1991.
This book looks at Baldwin's writing in relation to the communities where he lived and worked.
McClane, Kenneth A. "Sonny's Blues." In You've Got to Read This: Contemporary American Writers Introduce Stories That Held Them in Awe, edited by Ron Hansen and Jim Shepard. New York: HarperPerennial, 1994.
The writer discusses how Baldwin's "Sonny's Blues" saved his life.
Mosher, Marlene. "Baldwin's 'Sonny's Blue's.'" Explicator, 40:4 (Summer 1982): 59.
Mosher performs a close reading of Baldwin's fiction.
Murray, Donald C. "James Baldwin's 'Sonny's Blues': Complicated and Simple." Studies in Short Fiction, 14 (1977): 353-57.
Murray analyzes Baldwin's famous short story.
Robertson, Patricia R. "Baldwin's 'Sonny's Blues': The Scapegoat Metaphor." University of Mississippi Studies in English 9 (1991): 189-98.
Robertson presents a thematic analysis of Baldwin's fiction.
Waldrep, Shelton. "'Being Bridges': Cleaver/Baldwin/Lorde and African-American Sexism and Sexuality." In Critical Essays: Gay and Lesbian Writers of Color, edited by Emmanuel S. Nelson: 167-180. New York: Haworth, 1993.
Waldrep explores the manner in which Baldwin's sexuality is expressed in his work.
James Baldwin - American Masters
This site offers a wealth of information about Baldwin. Partner to the PBS documentary.
African American World
This page contains concise information about Baldwin's life and work.
NPR Interview With James Baldwin
This links to a 1986 interview with James Baldwin.
© Annenberg Foundation 2017. All rights reserved. Legal Policy


text:
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text:
Participating Organization(s)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Funding Opportunity Title
Exploring Drugs of Abuse and Transgenerational Phenotypes (R01)
Activity Code
R01 Research Project Grant
Announcement Type
Related Notices
Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number
Companion FOA
Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s)
FOA Purpose
The purpose of this FOA is to support research investigating whether or not exposure to drugs of abuse leads to behavioral, molecular, physiological or other phenotypic effects in subsequent generations.
Posted Date
March 17, 2011
Open Date (Earliest Submission Date)
June 29, 2011
Letter of Intent Due Date
June 29, 2011
Application Due Date(s)
July 29, 2011, by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization.
AIDS Application Due Date(s)
Not Applicable.
Scientific Merit Review
October/November 2011
Advisory Council Review
January 2012
Earliest Start Date(s)
April 2012
Expiration Date
July 30, 2011
Due Dates for E.O. 12372
Not Applicable
Required Application Instructions
It is critical that applicants follow the instructions in the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide except where instructed to do otherwise (in this FOA or in a Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts). Conformance to all requirements (both in the Application Guide and the FOA) is required and strictly enforced. Applicants must read and follow all application instructions in the Application Guide as well as any program-specific instructions noted in Section IV. When the program-specific instructions deviate from those in the Application Guide, follow the program-specific instructions. Applications that do not comply with these instructions may be delayed or not accepted for review.
Part 1. Overview Information
Part 2. Full Text of the Announcement
Section I. Funding Opportunity Description
Section II. Award Information
Section III. Eligibility Information
Section IV. Application and Submission Information
Section V. Application Review Information
Section VI. Award Administration Information
Section VII. Agency Contacts
Section VIII. Other Information
In the scientific literature there is evidence that exposure to certain chemical toxins, social environments, or nutrient levels can, in some cases, lead to particular phenotypes in subsequent generations. These phenotypes appear to be transmitted without an apparent DNA change and can be transmitted through multiple generations even when these generations have not been exposed to the inducing factor.
The deleterious effects of drugs of abuse have been well characterized in the user as well as in offspring exposed in utero. However, the potential impact of parental substance abuse on subsequent generations has received little research attention to date. Although there is some animal and human data suggesting that exposure to drugs of abuse could lead to multigenerational behavioral or physiological effects, this research area is very much in its infancy. However, if substance use/abuse were conclusively shown to lead to deleterious transgenerational phenotypic effects, this new knowledge would have significant public health implications.
When an individual encounters an environmental exposure, the exposure could potentially impact the individual, any fetuses present, and any germ cells or gametes present. Multigenerational phenotypic effects refer to effects on any progeny derived from the exposed parent, while transgenerational effects refer to phenotypes observed in progeny that were not exposed in utero or derived from exposed germ cells. There have been a number of mechanisms proposed for transmission of multigenerational effects including: 1. viral, microbiome, or prion transmission, 2. neurobehavioral or societal transmission, and 3. altered epigenomic states of germ cells or gametes, altered parental imprinting, or other epigenetic effects [for reviews, see Youngson and Whitelaw, Ann. Rev. Genomics and Human Genetics 2008 Vol. 9: 233-257;Skinner et al., Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 2010 21(4):214-22; Champagne, Front. Neuroendocrinol. 2008 Jun;29(3):386-97.]
This FOA will solicit grant applications that propose to investigate the effects of parental exposure to abused substances on the molecular, physiological, and behavioral phenotypes of subsequent generations. Some possible areas of investigation could include:
Does parental exposure to drugs of abuse lead to physiological, molecular or behavioral changes in subsequent generations?
Does parental exposure to drugs of abuse lead to changes in the molecular or cellular properties of germ cells or gametes?
Does parental exposure to drugs of abuse impact gene expression or gene imprinting in the tissues of progeny (germ cells, brain, etc)?
Does parental exposure to drugs of abuse impact behavioral measures of drug response in subsequent generations?
What are the molecular, epigenetic, or behavioral mechanisms that might mediate any phenotypic effects that are observed?
Requirements of this FOA.
Applicants should focus on a drug of abuse (nicotine, stimulants, opioids, cannabinoids, inhalants, abused prescription medicines, psychedelic drugs, caffeine, etc). Applications focused solely on the effects of alcohol will NOT be responsive to this FOA. Applicants lacking substance abuse expertise are encouraged to collaborate with experienced researchers in this area.
The application shouldexplore whether or not exposure to drugs of abuse leads to behavioral, molecular, physiological or other phenotypic effects in subsequent generations. Applications investigating the effects of drugs of abuse on germ cells or gametes from the exposed parent (F0 generation), progeny derived from exposed germ cells or gametes (that have NOT been exposed in utero), or subsequent non-exposed progeny (for true transgenerational effects) will be considered responsive to this FOA. Please note that applications investigating phenotypic effects ONLY on exposed individuals (F0 generation) and/or on individuals exposed to drugs of abuse in utero will NOT BE CONSIDERED RESPONSIVE to this FOA. It is recommended that applicants interested in this latter line of research explore other funding opportunities, and consult with program staff as needed.
Applications deemed by NIDA program staff to be non-responsive to this FOA will be administratively withdrawn and will not be reviewed.
Other application considerations.
This research area is in its infancy and it is anticipated that most applicants will not have substantial preliminary data showing multi- or transgenerational effects of drugs of abuse. Although preliminary data is not required, applicants should provide a well-thought out and well-controlled experimental approach. The requested budget should be commensurate with the proposed research.
Applicants may propose to utilize any relevant model systems (nematodes, insects, fish, rodents, etc). Although we anticipate most applications will propose animal studies, applications proposing to investigate multigenerational effects of drugs of abuse in humans may also be appropriate.
Applicants may wish to investigate whether or not the molecular, behavioral or physiological phenotypes to be measured exhibit sexual dimorphism.
Applicants may also propose to investigate putative mechanisms involved in multi- or transgenerational effects provided that all FOA requirements are met.
Funding Instrument
Application Types Allowed
The OER Glossary and the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide provide details on these application types.
Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards
NIDA intends to commit $1,000,000 in FY 2012 to fund 2-3 awards.
Award Budget
Direct costs may not exceed $300K per year and the project period may not exceed 5 years.
Award Project Period
5 years
NIH grants policies as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement will apply to the applications submitted and awards made in response to this FOA.
Higher Education Institutions:
The following types of Higher Education Institutions are always encouraged to apply for NIH support as Public or Private Institutions of Higher Education:
Nonprofits Other Than Institutions of Higher Education
For profit Organizations
Foreign (non-U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are allowed.
Applicant organizations must complete the following registrations
as described in the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide to be eligible to apply
for or receive an award. Applicants must have a valid Dun and Bradstreet
Universal Numbering System (DUNS) number in order to begin each of the following
All Program Directors/Principal Investigators (PD/PIs) must
also work with their institutional officials to register with the eRA Commons
or ensure their existing eRA Commons account is affiliated with the eRA Commons
account of the applicant organization.
All registrations must be completed by the application due date. Applicant organizations are strongly encouraged to start the registration process at least four (4) weeks prior to the application due date.
Any individual(s) with the skills, knowledge, and resources
necessary to carry out the proposed research as the Program Director/Principal
Investigator (PD/PI) is invited to work with his/her organization to develop an
application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic
groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply
for NIH support.
For institutions/organizations proposing multiple PDs/PIs, visit the Multiple Program Director/Principal Investigator Policy and submission details in the Senior/Key Person Profile (Expanded) Component of the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide.
This FOA does not require cost sharing as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Applicant organizations may submit more than one application, provided that each application is scientifically distinct.
NIH will not accept any application in response to this FOA that is essentially the same as one currently pending initial peer review unless the applicant withdraws the pending application. NIH will not accept any application that is essentially the same as one already reviewed.
Applicants must download the SF424 (R&R) application package associated with this funding opportunity using the "Apply for Grant Electronically" button in this FOA or following the directions provided at Grants.gov.
It is critical that applicants follow the instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide, except where instructed in this funding opportunity announcement to do otherwise. Conformance to the requirements in the Application Guide is required and strictly enforced. Applications that are out of compliance with these instructions may be delayed or not accepted for review.
Although a letter of intent is not required, is not binding, and does not enter into the review of a subsequent application, the information that it contains allows IC staff to estimate the potential review workload and plan the review.
By the date listed in Part 1. Overview Information, prospective applicants are asked to submit a letter of intent that includes the following information:
Descriptive title of proposed research
Name, address, and telephone number of the PD(s)/PI(s)
Names of other key personnel
Participating institutions
Number and title of this funding opportunity
The letter of intent should be sent to: email@example.com
Applicants are encouraged to send the letter of intent by email to the email address above but as an alternative the letter may also be sent to:
Director - DA-12-006
Office of Extramural Affairs
National Institute on Drug Abuse/NIH/DHHS
6001 Executive Boulevard, Suite 4243, MSC 9550
Bethesda, MD 20892-9550
Rockville, MD 20852 (for express/courier service)
The forms package associated with this FOA includes all applicable components, mandatory and optional. Please note that some components marked optional in the application package are required for application submission. Follow all instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide to ensure you complete all appropriate "optional" components.
All page limitations described in the SF424 Application Guide and the Table of Page Limits must be followed.
All instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide must be followed, with the following additional instructions:
Resource Sharing Plan
Individuals are required to comply with the instructions for the Resource Sharing Plans (Data Sharing Plan, Sharing Model Organisms, and Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS)) as provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide,
Do not use the appendix to circumvent page limits. Follow all instructions for the Appendix as described in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
Foreign (non-US) organizations must follow policies described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, and procedures for foreign organizations described throughout the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
Part I. Overview Information contains information about Key Dates. Applicants are encouraged to submit in advance of the deadline to ensure they have time to make any application corrections that might be necessary for successful submission.
Organizations must submit applications via Grants.gov, the online portal to find and apply for grants across all Federal agencies. Applicants must then complete the submission process by tracking the status of the application in the eRA Commons, NIH's electronic system for grants administration.
Applicants are responsible for viewing their application in the eRA Commons to ensure accurate and successful submission.
Information on the submission process and a definition of on-time submission are provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
This initiative is not subject to intergovernmental review.
All NIH awards are subject to the terms and conditions, cost principles, and other considerations described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Pre-award costs are allowable only as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Applications must be submitted electronically following the instructions described in the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide. Paper applications will not be accepted.
Applicants must complete all required registrations before the application due date. Section III. Eligibility Information contains information about registration.
For assistance with your electronic application or for more information on the electronic submission process, visit Applying Electronically.
All PD/PIs must include their eRA Commons ID in the Credential field of the Senior/Key Person Profile Component of the SF 424(R&R) Application Package. Failure to register in the Commons and to include a valid PD/PI Commons ID in the credential field will prevent the successful submission of an electronic application to NIH.
The applicant organization must ensure that the DUNS number it provides on the application is the same number used in the organization's profile in the eRA Commons and for the Central Contractor Registration (CCR). Additional information may be found in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
See more tips for avoiding common errors.
Upon receipt, applications will be evaluated for completeness by the Center for Scientific Review and responsiveness by NIDA, NIH. Applications that are incomplete and/or nonresponsive will not be reviewed.
Applicants are required to follow the instructions for post-submission materials, as described in NOT-OD-10-115.
Only the review criteria described below will be considered in the review process. As part of the NIH mission, all applications submitted to the NIH in support of biomedical and behavioral research are evaluated for scientific and technical merit through the NIH peer review system.
Reviewers will provide an overall impact/priority score to reflect their assessment of the likelihood for the project to exert a sustained, powerful influence on the research field(s) involved, in consideration of the following review criteria and additional review criteria (as applicable for the project proposed).
Reviewers will consider each of the review criteria below in the determination of scientific merit, and give a separate score for each. An application does not need to be strong in all categories to be judged likely to have major scientific impact. For example, a project that by its nature is not innovative may be essential to advance a field.
Does the project address an important problem or a critical barrier to progress in the field? If the aims of the project are achieved, how will scientific knowledge, technical capability, and/or clinical practice be improved? How will successful completion of the aims change the concepts, methods, technologies, treatments, services, or preventative interventions that drive this field?
Are the PD/PIs, collaborators, and other researchers well suited to the project? If Early Stage Investigators or New Investigators, or in the early stages of independent careers, do they have appropriate experience and training? If established, have they demonstrated an ongoing record of accomplishments that have advanced their field(s)? If the project is collaborative or multi-PD/PI, do the investigators have complementary and integrated expertise; are their leadership approach, governance and organizational structure appropriate for the project?
Does the application challenge and seek to shift current research or clinical practice paradigms by utilizing novel theoretical concepts, approaches or methodologies, instrumentation, or interventions? Are the concepts, approaches or methodologies, instrumentation, or interventions novel to one field of research or novel in a broad sense? Is a refinement, improvement, or new application of theoretical concepts, approaches or methodologies, instrumentation, or interventions proposed?
Are the overall strategy, methodology, and analyses
well-reasoned and appropriate to accomplish the specific aims of the project?
Are potential problems, alternative strategies, and benchmarks for success
presented? If the project is in the early stages of development, will the
strategy establish feasibility and will particularly risky aspects be
If the project involves clinical research, are the plans for 1) protection of human subjects from research risks, and 2) inclusion of minorities and members of both sexes/genders, as well as the inclusion of children, justified in terms of the scientific goals and research strategy proposed? How well does the application explore whether or not exposure to drugs of abuse leads to behavioral, molecular, physiological or other phenotypic effects in subsequent generations?
Is the experimental approach well-controlled and well thought out?
Will the experimental design result in a definitive answer regarding whether or not exposure to drugs of abuse can lead to transgenerational or multigenerational phenotypes?
Will the scientific environment in which the work will be done contribute to the probability of success? Are the institutional support, equipment and other physical resources available to the investigators adequate for the project proposed? Will the project benefit from unique features of the scientific environment, subject populations, or collaborative arrangements?
As applicable for the project proposed, reviewers will evaluate the following additional items while determining scientific and technical merit, and in providing an overall impact/priority score, but will not give separate scores for these items.
Protections for Human Subjects
For research that involves human subjects but does
not involve one of the six categories of research that are exempt under 45 CFR
Part 46, the committee will evaluate the justification for involvement of human
subjects and the proposed protections from research risk relating to their
participation according to the following five review criteria: 1) risk to
subjects, 2) adequacy of protection against risks, 3) potential benefits to the
subjects and others, 4) importance of the knowledge to be gained, and 5) data
and safety monitoring for clinical trials.
For research that involves human subjects and meets the criteria for one or more of the six categories of research that are exempt under 45 CFR Part 46, the committee will evaluate: 1) the justification for the exemption, 2) human subjects involvement and characteristics, and 3) sources of materials. For additional information on review of the Human Subjects section, please refer to the Human Subjects Protection and Inclusion Guidelines.
Inclusion of Women, Minorities, and Children
When the proposed project involves clinical research, the committee will evaluate the proposed plans for inclusion of minorities and members of both genders, as well as the inclusion of children. For additional information on review of the Inclusion section, please refer to the Human Subjects Protection and Inclusion Guidelines.
Vertebrate Animals
The committee will evaluate the involvement of live vertebrate animals as part of the scientific assessment according to the following five points: 1) proposed use of the animals, and species, strains, ages, sex, and numbers to be used; 2) justifications for the use of animals and for the appropriateness of the species and numbers proposed; 3) adequacy of veterinary care; 4) procedures for limiting discomfort, distress, pain and injury to that which is unavoidable in the conduct of scientifically sound research including the use of analgesic, anesthetic, and tranquilizing drugs and/or comfortable restraining devices; and 5) methods of euthanasia and reason for selection if not consistent with the AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia. For additional information on review of the Vertebrate Animals section, please refer to the Worksheet for Review of the Vertebrate Animal Section.
Reviewers will assess whether materials or procedures proposed are potentially hazardous to research personnel and/or the environment, and if needed, determine whether adequate protection is proposed.
Not Applicable.
Not Applicable
Not Applicable.
As applicable for the project proposed, reviewers will consider each of the following items, but will not give scores for these items, and should not consider them in providing an overall impact/priority score.
Applications from Foreign Organizations
Reviewers will assess whether the project presents special opportunities for furthering research programs through the use of unusual talent, resources, populations, or environmental conditions that exist in other countries and either are not readily available in the United States or augment existing U.S. resources.
Select Agent Research
Reviewers will assess the information provided in this section of the application, including 1) the Select Agent(s) to be used in the proposed research, 2) the registration status of all entities where Select Agent(s) will be used, 3) the procedures that will be used to monitor possession use and transfer of Select Agent(s), and 4) plans for appropriate biosafety, biocontainment, and security of the Select Agent(s).
Resource Sharing Plans
Reviewers will comment on whether the following Resource Sharing Plans, or the rationale for not sharing the following types of resources, are reasonable: 1) Data Sharing Plan; 2) Sharing Model Organisms; and 3) Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS).
Budget and Period of Support
Reviewers will consider whether the budget and the requested period of support are fully justified and reasonable in relation to the proposed research.
Applications will be evaluated for scientific and technical
merit by (an) appropriate Scientific Review Group(s) convened by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, in accordance with NIH peer
review policy and procedures, using the stated review
criteria. Review assignments will be shown in the eRA Commons.
As part of the scientific peer review, all applications:
Applications will compete for available funds with all other recommended applications submitted in response to this FOA. Following initial peer review, recommended applications will receive a second level of review by the appropriate national Advisory Council or Board. The following will be considered in making funding decisions:
After the peer review of the application is completed, the PD/PI will be able to access his or her Summary Statement (written critique) via the eRA Commons.
Information regarding the disposition of applications is available in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
If the application is under consideration for funding, NIH
will request "just-in-time" information from the applicant as
described in the NIH Grants
Policy Statement.
A formal notification in the form of a Notice of Award (NoA) will be provided to the applicant organization for successful applications. The NoA signed by the grants management officer is the authorizing document and will be sent via email to the grantee business official.
Awardees must comply with any funding restrictions described in Section IV.5. Funding Restrictions. Selection of an application for award is not an authorization to begin performance. Any costs incurred before receipt of the NoA are at the recipient's risk. These costs may be reimbursed only to the extent considered allowable pre-award costs.
Any application awarded in response to this FOA will be subject to the DUNS, CCR Registration, and Transparency Act requirements as noted on the Award Conditions and Information for NIH Grants website.
All NIH grant and cooperative agreement awards include the NIH Grants Policy Statement as part of the NoA. For these terms of award, see the NIH Grants Policy Statement Part II: Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards, Subpart A: General and Part II: Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards, Subpart B: Terms and Conditions for Specific Types of Grants, Grantees, and Activities. More information is provided at Award Conditions and Information for NIH Grants.
Cooperative Agreement Terms and Conditions of Award
Not Applicable.
When multiple years are involved, awardees will be required to submit the Non-Competing Continuation Grant Progress Report (PHS 2590) annually and financial statements as required in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
A final progress report, invention statement, and Financial Status Report are required when an award is relinquished when a recipient changes institutions or when an award is terminated.
The Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 (Transparency Act), includes a requirement for awardees of Federal grants to report information about first-tier subawards and executive compensation under Federal assistance awards issued in FY2011 or later. All awardees of applicable NIH grants and cooperative agreements are required to report to the Federal Subaward Reporting System (FSRS) available at www.fsrs.gov on all subawards over $25,000. See the NIH Grants Policy Statement for additional information on this reporting requirement.
We encourage inquiries concerning this funding opportunity and welcome the opportunity to answer questions from potential applicants.
Customer Support (Questions regarding Grants.gov registration and
submission, downloading or navigating forms)
Contact Center Phone: 800-518-4726
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John Satterlee, Ph.D.
Division of Basic Neuroscience and Behavioral Research
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Mark Swieter, Ph.D.
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Telephone: 301-435-1389
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Cheryl Nathaniel
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Telephone: 202-526-0108
Email: email@example.com
Recently issued trans-NIH policy notices may affect your application submission. A full list of policy notices published by NIH is provided in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. All awards are subject to the terms and conditions, cost principles, and other considerations described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Awards are made under the authorization of Sections 301 and 405 of the Public Health Service Act as amended (42 USC 241 and 284) and under Federal Regulations 42 CFR Part 52 and 45 CFR Parts 74 and 92.
Special Considerations
HIV/AIDS Counseling and Testing Policy for the National Institute on Drug Abuse: In light of recent significant advances in rapid testing for HIV and in effective treatments for HIV, NIDA has revised its 2001 policy on HIV counseling and testing. NIDA-funded researchers are strongly encouraged to provide and/or refer research subjects to HIV risk reduction education and education about the benefits of HIV treatment, counseling and testing, referral to treatment, and other appropriate interventions to prevent acquisition and transmission of HIV. This policy applies to all NIDA funded research conducted domestically or internationally. For more information see https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-DA-07-013.html.
National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse Recommended Guidelines for the Administration of Drugs to Human Subjects: The National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (NACDA) recognizes the importance of research involving the administration of drugs with abuse potential, and dependence or addiction liability, to human subjects. Potential applicants are encouraged to obtain and review these recommendations of Council before submitting an application that will administer compounds to human subjects. The guidelines are available on NIDA's Web site at http://www.nida.nih.gov/about/organization/nacda/CouncilStatement.html.
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All Natural Pancake Syrup From Log Cabin
Log Cabin Syrup, a tradition since 1887 when it was created in honor of President Abraham Lincoln, who grew up in a log cabin in Kentucky, launches the first nationally distributed natural syrup. Log Cabin All Natural Syrup from Mountain Lakes, N.J.-based Pinacle Foods Group follows the recent removal of high-fructose corn syrup from all Log Cabin products and is driven by growing consumer demand for high quality products that are all-natural and free of preservatives, artificial colors and flavors.
Breakfast — particularly a well-balanced one — is considered by many to be the most important meal of the day and is essential to providing people with what their bodies need in order to say focused and energized throughout the day. Consumers can start their day off on the right foot with Log Cabin's All Natural Syrup, a perfectly sweet blend of natural sugar and maple syrup.
"People have become increasingly aware of the ingredients in the foods they eat and are moving steadily toward all-natural and organic products," says Stefan Aps, marketing director for Pinnacle Foods Group. "Log Cabin is at the forefront of innovation in the syrup category and therefore recognizes the importance of offering an all-natural table syrup."
Suggested retail price for a 22-oz. container is $4.99.


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Associated Press OAKLAND, Calif. (AP) - Injured Octavio Dotel danced his way through the Detroit clubhouse, gyrating and skipping while Torii Hunter held court in front of his locker.
The AL's top hitting team is piling up the hits and runs - and having a good time along the way.
Getting solid production from leadoff hitter Austin Jackson and the lower part of the batting order, the Tigers routed the Oakland Athletics 10-1 Sunday for their third win in four games.
Jackson had four hits, including a two-run homer, and Detroit got a much-needed boost from its Nos. 5-9 hitter, who combined for five hits, two runs and three RBIs. Not bad, when the top of the order includes Prince Fielder and Triple Crown winner Miguel Cabrera.
'We show you the left, then we sting with the right,' said Hunter, who had two doubles and a triple. 'You look at Prince, Cabrera and myself ... you kind of forget about our catfish, the bottom feeders.'
Detroit's big three combined to drive in four runs and score five times, but it was Jackson and bottom of the order provided spark.
Jhonny Peralta, the No. 6 hitter, had two hits and an RBI. Victor Martinez and Andy Dirks also drove in runs for the Tigers.
'We grind out our at-bats pretty good,' Detroit manager Jim Leyland said. 'Jackson really sets a good tempo for us. When your leadoff hitter gets four hits, you should score some runs.'
Hunter had three extra-base hits for the first time since June 13, 2009, for the Los Angeles Angels
Cabrera drove in two runs for the Tigers, who had 14 hits. The first eight batters in the Tigers batting order had at least one hit, and seven players drove in runs.
Oakland managed just three hits while losing its second straight following a nine-game winning streak.
'They swung well this whole series, and when you're not making your pitches this is what happens,' A's manager Bob Melvin said. 'We just got shut down the last couple of games.'
Anibal Sanchez overcame a sluggish start to pitch seven innings, winning his second straight outing and giving Detroit's bullpen a needed rest.
Sanchez (2-0) pitched with runners on base in three of the first four innings but limited the damage until finding his rhythm. He allowed one run, three hits and four walks, matching his season-high of eight strikeouts.
Rick Porcello, skipped in the rotation due to Monday's off day, pitched two scoreless innings. Detroit's bullpen, taxed in recent days, was without Dotel due to an elbow injury.
Derek Norris doubled and drove in the lone run for the A's. Oakland, which entered the game leading the majors in several offensive categories, struck out 38 times in the three-game series.
Jarrod Parker (0-2), who lost to Detroit in Games 1 and 5 of last year's AL division series, gave up a career-high eight runs and nine hits in 3 1-3 innings, leaving him with a 10.80 ERA.
Jackson hit the first of his three singles leading off the game, and Hunter followed with an RBI double over center fielder Chris Young and scored on Martinez's single off the right-field wall for a 2-0 lead. Jackson doubled the lead in the second with his first home run this season.
'I made a couple of good pitches and they hit them, and I made a couple of bad pitches and they hit them,' Parker said. 'They are hot right now.'
Cabrera's two-run single and Fielder's RBI double, which extended his hitting streak to nine games, chased Parker in the fourth. Dirks' run-scoring single off Evan Scribner boosted the lead to 8-0.
Norris hit a bases-loaded sacrifice fly in the bottom half, and Norris ended the inning by throwing a called third strike past Eric Sogard to end the threat.
NOTES: Fielder is 16 for 30 (.533) during his hitting streak. ... Hunter also has a nine-game hitting streak. ... Dotel sat out his second straight game with elbow inflammation; Leyland said the reliever is getting better. ... Oakland INF Adam Rosales, on the DL with a strained left intercostal muscle, took batting practice without pain but won't begin a rehab assignment until he can begin turning double plays and making strong throws in the field. ... Tigers RHP Doug Fister (2-0) carries a 2.77 ERA into Tuesday's start at Seattle. ... Oakland LHP Tommy Milone (2-0), who starts for the A's against Houston on Monday, has a four-game winning streak dating to last season.


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I can't wait to start my Dr. Seuss unit on March 2nd! There have been so many seusstastic activities floating around out there in blogland, TPT, & Pinterest! I just had to share some of my seusstastic ideas!
Grab these FREE CENTER SHEETS HERE.
I just created the following items for FREE this week. I will be using these in my classroom during my Seuss unit. Please pin & share!


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MARKINA, Spain (AP) — Alberto Contador won the Tour of Basque Country for a third time on Saturday, confirming the Spaniard's strong return to form with his second title of the year as he prepares for the Tour de France.
The Tinkoff-Saxo cyclist defended the lead he established on the opening day during the race's sixth and final stage, an individual time trial in which he finished second behind winner Tony Martin.
After going a year without a multistage race title, Contador has now won the Tour of Basque Country and last month's Tirreno-Adriatico, along with runner-up finishes at the Tour of Algarve and the Volta a Catalunya.
The five-time Grand Tour winner previously had won this race in northern Spain in 2008 and 2009. He took control of this edition, the 54th, during the first stage when he broke away from Alejandro Valverde on an uphill climb.
"Of course when you win, it boosts your confidence but you still have to keep working," Contador said. "It couldn't have gone better for me at the start of this season. I hope to be 100 percent for the Tour (de France)."
Michal Kwiatkowski of Poland finished the race in second place, 49 seconds behind Contador. Jean-Christophe Peraud of France completed the podium, 1:04 behind Contador.
Valverde entered the day in second place at only 12 seconds behind Contador, but the Movistar cyclist fell to fifth in the final standings, 1:07 back.
Martin, the three-time world time trial champion, won the 26-kilometer (16-mile) leg around Markina in 38 minutes, 33 seconds to claim his second stage win of this year's race after also winning the second leg.
"It feels good," said the Omega Pharma-Quick Step rider. "I lost some (time trials) before this and my morale was down. So to come in here and win a stage and the (time trial) is really good for me and for my team."
Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Color temperature is a measurement in Degrees Kelvin that indicates the hue of a specific type of light source.
Which lighting kit is right for me: Fluorescent, Halogen, or Flash?
Color filters could be used to change the color temperature performed or the tone displayed.
Softbox are use to produce that brilliant soft light that is often sought after by photographers.
White balance (sometimes color balance, gray balance, or neutral balance) refers to the adjustment of the relative amounts of red, green, and blue primary colors in an image
Color rendering, expressed as a rating from 0 to 100 on the Color Rendering Index (CRI).
This function in your camera enble you to adjust the aperture or shutter speed based on your requirement, needs or the condition of environment.
no matter lamps or strobe lights, creates shadows or dead white images. It stands to reason using a photo umbrella to render a harmonious lighting.
using barndoor to target the light or honeycomb to make narrow beams. It all depends on what kind of effect and ambiance you want to create.
no matter lamps or strobe lights, creates shadows or dead white images. It stands to reason using a photo umbrella to render a harmonious lighting.
Snoot and Honeycomb direct the lights going straightforward to where you are trying to stress.
Support systems coming in multiple color backgrounds are available in single and triple crossbar.
It is used in photometry as a measure of the intensity of light, with wavelengths weighted according to the luminosity function, a standardized model of human brightness perception.
To properly represent subjects, photographers can depend on the desired effect to choose "hard" or "soft" key light.
slide the weighted side thru closer to the stand, then attach the light, and slide it back till it's balanced.


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The last issue of the quarterly PopUp Times magazine under Publisher Dave Newhouse goes to the printer Thursday (June 18).
Newhouse has sold the niche magazine and the PopUp Times website (popuptimes.com) to Dean Babb, who operates the PopUp Explorer Internet website (popupexplorer.com).
"I love it, but after about 11 years publishing PopUp Times, I just got to the point that I couldn't do it anymore," Newhouse told RVBUSINESS.com. "There's just so much that you can say about popups. It's been a labor of love rather than a money maker."
The magazine, founded in 1998 featuring product reviews, new equipment announcements, camping advice, technical tips and fireside recipes and currently has circulation in the mid- to high-teens, Newhouse said.
"I wanted someone to take the magazine who could give it a new look and pump some life in it," he said.
For his part, Babb, a freelance designer based in The Dalles, Ore., said he doesn't plan any major changes to the magazine.
"We are going to keep the focus on popup campers and smaller RVs," he said. "The biggest change is that it will have a new look — a new masthead and design."
Babb also will continue to operate both Internet websites, describing Pop Up Explorer with 16,000 registered members that he founded in 2002 as "primarily a message forum."
"This will be my first foray into being an actual publisher," Babb said.
Newhouse said he will continue to sell ads for PopUp Times, and is exploring the idea of starting a new regional magazine with PopUp Times editor Terry Hanley that would focus on outdoor life in the mid-Atlantic states.
"We're hoping to have an issue out by the first of the year," said Newhouse, who published PopUp Times from the Washington, D.C., suburb of Vienna, Va. "We'll includes some RVs in it, but it will be more outdoor-oriented."
He also will continue to publish the annual directory for the Virginia Campground Association.
Although folding camping trailer sales have been in decline, Newhouse added the RV industry's current malaise wasn't soley responsible for his departure.
"It might have had a little bit to do with it, but that wasn't the main reason," he said. But it apparently played a significant role.
"When I started the magazine in 1998, they were selling 63,000 Popups a year," Newhouse said, noting that a recent estimate by economist Richard Curtin of the University of Michigan is that the RV industry will retail only 10,900 folding camping trailers this year.


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