text: The industrial hub of the nation, the Klang valley stretches from Port Kelang through to Kelang, Shah Alam, the state capital, Petaling Jaya and on to Bangi. Discovery of tin deposits in the 15th century led to a flood of immigrants looking to become wealthy through mining, and thus creating the town of Kelang on the Kelang River. Initially under the control of the Melaka Sultanate, the Bugis later gained control and, ultimately, infighting between the Bugis, the Chinese and the Malay nobility led to the British taking control of the state from 1874, until independence was declared in 1957. The spectacular Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque, which stands in a 15-hectare site is said to have the world's tallest minaret and the largest dome, dominating Shah Alam. Other buildings with a blend of Malay and Moorish architecture surrounding the mosque include the Municipal Council Tower, the State Library, the Museum and the Lake Gardens of Shah Alam. There are three golf courses nearby, one a magnificent 27-hole course. Another popular place for leisure activities is the Malaysia Agricultural Park, which is ideal for trekking and camping. The park has a biodome, an animal farm and aviary. Petaling Jaya, which began as a satellite of Kuala Lumpur, is now a dynamic self-contained town with shopping and entertainment complexes, parks and excellent accommodation. A colourful past earns Kelang the reputation of a 'royal town'. This history can be discovered at the interesting Kelang Museum. Kota Raja Mahdi, a fort built in 1886, is also worth a visit. Port Kelang is one of the country's major ports. Kuala Selangor has two historic fortresses built on the hills, the larger of which, Bukit Melawati, is the royal mausoleum where the early Bugis rulers are buried. It overlooks Kuala Selangor Nature Park which is home to leaf monkeys and more than 150 species of birds. Tanjung Karang is an area known as the state's 'rice bowl' with sweeping paddy fields. The huge Batu Caves, located 13 kilometres north of Kuala Lumpur, are the best known attraction in the vicinity of the city. Consisting of three main caves and several smaller ones, this is renowned as a place of worship, especially during the Hindu festival Thaipusam. At this time devotees carry the kavadi – a frame decorated with coloured paper, tinsel, flowers and fresh fruit, often hooked into the devotee's flesh – up the 292 stairs to the caves. About the same distance from Kuala Lumpur in an easterly direction is the National Zoo and Aquarium.


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If you're at a place where you're feeling a little stuck or maybe you've hit a plateau or maybe you're dealing with crisis, if you've been in a place in time where you've ever considered or contemplated suicide, whether you're an athlete or a high performer dealing in high-stress environments, you are not alone. On average, there are 123 suicides per day. Sande Roberts has worked in the crisis and behavioral health field for over twenty-five years. She is a certified master trainer in suicide prevention and intervention by the State of California Department of Mental Health. As an expert in all facets of effective communication, she coaches, consults, and mentors individuals, businesses and governments to function better together with their employees, customers, and families. Sande uses unconventional approaches to achieve amazing results in order to help her clients understand how they and others show up in their personal and professional behavior and communication.
We all deal with crisis, don't we? Our guest expert is Sande Roberts.

subset: commoncrawl


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Flowers & garden
The garden grows 5 white flowers. Yellow 7 more than white. Blue 4 fewer than yellow. How many flowers grow together in the garden?
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3rd European Workshop on Evolutionary Computation in Transportation and Logistics
The impact of transportation and logistics on the modern economy and society has been growing steadily over the last few decades. The worldwide division of labour, the connection of distributed production centres, and the increased mobility of individuals lead to an increased demand for efficient solutions to solve transportation, logistics, and supply chain management problems. Along with the development of more powerful computer systems, design and optimization techniques like evolutionary computing approaches have been developed that allow us to use computer systems for the systematic design, optimisation, and improvement of systems in transportation, logistics, and supply chain management.
EvoTransLog2009 addresses all aspects of the use of evolutionary computation, local search and other nature-inspired optimization and design techniques for the transportation and logistics domain. Relevant application topics include (but are not limited to):
- transportation and supply networks
- logistics
- supply chain management
- freight and passenger services
- tracking and tracing
- fleet and order management
- modelling and traffic management
- traffic simulation
- individual and public transportation
- inventory optimisation
- routing and scheduling
EvoTransLog is specifically dedicated to the applications of heuristic optimization methods to transportation and logistics and gives European and non-European researchers in those fields, as well as people from industry, an opportunity to present their latest research and to discuss current developments and applications, besides fostering closer future interaction between members of the different scientific communities.
EvoTransLog2009 is part of Evo* 2009, a joint event which will incorporate EuroGP2009, the 11th European Conference on Genetic Programming, EvoCOP2009, the 9th European Conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization, EvoBio2009, the 7th Conference on Evolutionary Bioinformatics, and EvoWorkshops2009, a set of thematic workshops on applications of Evolutionary Computation.
Publication details
Accepted papers will be published in a volume of the Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science together with papers from other workshops of the EvoStar conference.
For the list of accepted papers
Submission Details
Please use LNCS format
Submissions should be no more than 10 pages in english
As we are adopting a double-blind peer review process, please ensure to anonymise your submission by removing all references to the authors.
Program Chairs
Andreas Fink - andreas.fink AT hsu-hh.de
Franz Rothlauf - rothlauf AT uni-mainz.de
EvoTransLog Programme committee (to be extended)
Peter A.N. Bosman, Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Marco Caserta, University of Hamburg, Germany
Karl Doerner, University of Vienna, Austria
Martin Josef Geiger, University of Hohenheim, Germany
Hoong Chuin Lau, Singapore Management University, Singapore
Giselher Pankratz, FernUni Hagen, Germany
Christian Prins, University of Technology of Troyes, France
Agachai Sumalee, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
Kay Chen Tan, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Theodore Tsekeris, Center of Planning and Economic Research, Athens, Greece
Stefan Voß, University of Hamburg, Germany
Publicity Chair
Ivanoe De Falco, ICAR, National Research Council of Italy, Italy - ivanoe.defalco(at)na.icar.cnr.it
Evo* Local Chair
Marc Ebner, Universität Würzburg, Germany - marc.ebner(at)wsii.uni-tuebingen.de
Evo* Coordinator and Administrative Contact
Jennifer Willies, The Centre for Informatics Research, Napier University, Scotland, UK. - j.willies(at)napier.ac.uk


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Dhenkanal Postal service now better than other courier services, slowly indian post getting them train with high tech facility. Now you can send your parcel and get tracking day to day.
Tag: office
Income Tax Office – Dhenkanal Town
Income tax office hold a special status for each individuals living in our country, whether you are doing Job or have your own business, all of us have to pay Taxes as per law. Dhenkanal Income Tax Office located at Kunjakanta just in front of Khemka Shopping Mall. Pay your due taxes in time and leave happily.


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HellGate FPV Buzzer (r)
The HellGate FPV Buzzer is a fully automatic acoustic alarm for your miniquad or any other kind of aircraft that could suffer from battery ejection after a crash. With the HellGate Buzzer you don't have to be afraid anymore. After the main battery is accidentally disconnected, it will activate the alarm state and after one minute, if the battery is not reconnected it will start beeping. The acoustic alarm will last for more than 3 days. I can also switch itself automatically into "eco" mode (after 3 days of active alarm) and continue to beep every 30 seconds for more than 2 weeks.
There is no complicated installation or maintenance process involved. Simply connect it to a 5V power input, a Ground pin, and a FC buzzer Ground if you would like to use it as a regular buzzer on your aircraft, since it supports a buzzer passthrough.
To deactivate the buzzer (when you don't want to fly immediately after disconnecting the empty battery or for transport) you simply connect the battery for a a short amount of time and disconnect it right after. (just touch the plugs for 0.5s to 2s and it will disarm) The buzzer will respond with an appropriate deactivation tone.
- Weight: Only 2.2 grams!
- Dimensions: 10 x 10 x 15 mm
- HellGate FPV Buzzer unit, Rotor Riot Edition
- 2 pcs spare heatshrink (we recommend you use one to cover the solder joints after soldering the wires)
- 3 pcs of wire (red, black, white) 10cm length each
- An awesome sticker for you to let everybody know, how great device you own to protect your gear.
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The School of Information Risk Management (SIRM) has a good track record for providing excellent programmes at Undergraduate and Postgraduate levels in various disciplines. These include Cyber Security, Information Security and Assurance, Business Management, Health Care Management and Computing in partnership UK awarding bodies.
SIRM was a pioneer in using the ISACA model curriculum for our Information Security and Assurance course with CISA and CISM programmes in the UK. SIRM has partnered with Brooklands College and East Sussex College Hastings as a sub-contractor to offer various apprenticeships.
SIRM is recognized as an Approved Training Organisation by the Skills and Funding Agency, ATHE (Awards for Training and Higher Education), BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT, Gateway Qualifications, Innovate Awarding, NCFE, Pearson and EAL.
We are also published on:
Our campus is conveniently located in Ilford, East London with excellent travel links into central London and Essex. SIRM offers students work experience with their studies. Apprenticeships with employers based locally provide professional training and services at a corporate level with a variety of public and private organisations. This enables students to gain valuable work experience and a route to full-time employment. Skill sets developed by SIRM such as in Cyber Security are required worldwide. Work with SIRM gives students and apprentices highly valued experiences to assist alumni to progress their careers.


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We're putting up the Christmas tree today —
if it didn't get moldy last summer when we had a leak in the basement and everything else in the basement got moldy.
Otherwise we're going to Plattsburgh to get a new tree, and then we're putting up the Christmas tree tomorrow afternoon.
Either way, 24 hours after it's up, the cats will have taken down most of the ornaments.


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Lumen Learning's mission is to enable unprecedented learning for all students.
We do this by providing affordable course materials designed to strengthen learning using open educational resources (OER). Because learning is about student success as well as affordability and access, we apply learning science insights and learning data analysis to develop iterative improvements to our course materials and learning tools. Lumen's OER course materials are engineered to improve subject mastery, course completion and retention.
Use Lumen's OER course materials to improve affordability, access, and student success.
We work with over 200 colleges and universities across the U.S. to provide sustainable, effective course materials that improve learning. See the Lumen Community page for a sampling of our customers.


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The SAGES Atlas of Robotic Surgery pp 67-69 | Cite as
Workflow in Robotic Surgery
First Online:
The introduction of a robotic system into the operating room (OR) creates the need for an organized workflow. This chapter discusses the workflow in robotic surgery, including room setup, positioning, room flow, staffing, and instrumentation. A case workflow checklist (Table 7.1) outlines all the major steps to promote a seamless operation.
KeywordsOperating room OR Workflow Checklist Staffing Instrumentation Time-out
Suggested Reading
- Ahmad N, Hussein AA, Cavuoto L, Sharif M, Allers JC, Hinata N, et al. Ambulatory movements, team dynamics and interactions during robot-assisted surgery. BJU Int. 2016;118(1):132–9.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Ballantyne GH. Robotic surgery, telerobotic surgery, telepresence, and telementoring. Review of early clinical results Surg Endosc. 2002;16(10):1389–402.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Catchpole K, Perkins C, Bresee C, Solnik MJ, Sherman B, Fritch J, et al. Safety, efficiency and learning curves in robotic surgery: a human factors analysis. Surg Endosc. 2016;30(9):3749–61.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Fong Y, Woo Y, Giulianotti PC. Robotic surgery: the promise and finally the progress. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2017;6(4):219–21.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Kassahun Y, Yu B, Tibebu AT, Stoyanov D, Giannarou S, Metzen JH, et al. Surgical robotics beyond enhanced dexterity instrumentation: a survey of machine learning techniques and their role in intelligent and autonomous surgical actions. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 2016;11(4):553–68.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Leung U, Fong Y. Robotic liver surgery. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2014;3(5):288–94.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Mantoo S, Rigaud J, Naulet S, Lehur PA, Meurette G. Standardized surgical technique and dedicated operating room environment can reduce the operative time during robotic-assisted surgery for pelvic floor disorders. J Robot Surg. 2014;8(1):7–12.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Nota CL, Rinkes IHB, Hagendoorn J. Setting up a robotic hepatectomy program: a Western-European experience and perspective. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2017;6(4):239–45.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Patti JC, Ore AS, Barrows C, Velanovich V, Moser AJ. Value-based assessment of robotic pancreas and liver surgery. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2017;6(4):246–57.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Randell R, Greenhalgh J, Hindmarsh J, Dowding D, Jayne D, Pearman A, et al. Integration of robotic surgery into routine practice and impacts on communication, collaboration, and decision making: a realist process evaluation protocol. Implement Sci. 2014;9:52.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Yuh B. The bedside assistant in robotic surgery—keys to success. Urol Nurs. 2013;33(1):29–32.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018


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BluffTitler Ultimate 126.96.36.199 + Crack | 46.75 MB
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Learn How to Kayak: A Step By Step Tutorial Guide
When exploring nature, nothing's quite like doing so on the water with its many beautiful scenic locations only accessible by boat.
Whether cruising quiet lake inlets or calm coastal waterways, a kayak is an easy and inexpensive way to get there. For an outdoor enthusiast, there's nothing more gratifying than you and nature on the open waterways.
Kayaking is not an expensive sport like many people think, with a good beginner kayak starting around $200.
Next, if you want to learn how to kayak you will need to learn a few kayaking basics like kayak launching, paddling strokes, and getting back on shore.
Once you've learned the basics, you're ready for amazing adventures like overnight camping and kayaking or a river fishing excursion. Kayaking is a rewarding hobby that's fun for the whole family.
Table of Contents
- 1 Kayaking for Beginners
- 2 Kayak Costs and Going Cheap
- 3 Kayak Clothing
- 4 Kayaking Location
- 5 Launching a Kayak
- 6 Paddling a Kayak: The Basics
- 7 Important Paddling Strokes
- 8 Other Kayak Basics
- 9 Important Precautions for Paddling Safely
- 10 Kayaking Tips
- 11 Common Kayaking Mistakes
- 12 Our Final Take
Kayaking for Beginners
Your first step to beginner kayaking is buying or renting a kayak. Whether you choose to buy or rent, you must become familiar with the types of kayaks available.
There are several kayak types to choose from, but only four we consider the best for learning the kayak basics:
All four of these kayak types make a great beginner's kayak. Here is a short definition of each kayak style.
Recreational: Of the four choices, we consider the recreational the best for learning to kayak. The wide and short build and easy maneuverability make the recreational kayak a perfect general use beginner vessel.
Inflatable: Coming in as the least expensive of the beginner's kayak is the inflatable kayak. Inflatable kayaks fall under the category of a sit-on-top, giving you a cheap solution for learning to kayak.
Despite beach balls and toys coming to mind when you think of inflatable, these kayaks are very durable. However, these boats don't move as well as a hard body kayak and take more work to paddle.
Sit-On-Top: The sit-on-top is just like it sounds, the seat is on top of the kayak instead of down inside. These kayaks lean toward the slow wide and stable side, making them easier to maneuver and great on calm waters.
The SOT work well for learning how to kayak. The only downside is they're better suited for warm climates.
Touring: Also called a sea kayak, the touring kayak is a long trip boat. Narrow, long and harder to turn than a recreational kayak, the touring kayak is better for straight paddling.
The touring kayak has lots of storage for supplies and gear making them a good choice for longer trips.
Kayak Costs and Going Cheap
Now that you understand the types of kayaks best for learning, you may want to know how much to spend. When shopping online, you'll see many boats for sale in the range of $200 to $400. If you buy a used kayak, you might find one for less than $200.
You may wonder if these cheap kayaks are worth buying. It looks like a great deal but is a $200 kayak such a great buy?
The answer is, it depends on how you'll use the kayak. If you plan using it to learn kayaking only, a cheap kayak might be the answer.
But, if you want a kayak that goes beyond the beginner kayaking stage, you may want a better boat.
Regardless whether you spend $200 or $2,000, you want a kayak made of high-quality, durable material. Your new kayak must handle repeated use and the bumps and dings from learning how to do kayaking.
Important Beginner Kayak Features
If you're looking for a recreational sit-in kayak, we urge you to spend the extra for a high-quality vessel. Cheap recreational sit-in kayaks don't have an aft or forward bulkhead which is a big safety issue.
When you're learning how to kayak safely, this is an important feature for many reasons:
1. Bulkheads keep the kayak cockpit from flooding.
2. Bulkheads help you turn the kayak over if it capsizes. No bulkhead and your kayak sinks.
3. If you take on water, bulkheads help you make it back to shore before emptying the water.
4. Kayaks with two bulkheads may keep all or part of the kayak above water when flooded.
An inexpensive sit-in kayak isn't useless, but using safely is limited, and the best use is floating next to shore. Wherever you use a cheap sit-in, you need a place you can reach the shoreline.
If you paddle farther out, you should be a strong swimmer and able to reach the shore easily.
Bottom line, a cheap kayak works well for close to shore excursions in calm waters. If you plan trips on swifter currents or rapids, stay away from a cheap sit-in kayak.
Look for a sit-in kayak that's high-quality with one bulkhead, but two is better or use a sit-on-top model.
Kayak Clothing
When you hear kayak clothing, the first thought is dressing for weather conditions. But, thinking about water temperature is the correct answer since you will get wet. To stay warm in colder waters, you need to consider three clothing layers.
1. Moisture control layer
2. Insulation layer
3. Water and wind protection layer
Other clothing considerations include quality socks or footwear, gloves, hat, and sunscreen. If you live in a warm climate, all this clothing isn't necessary so dress according to your area.
Kayaking Location
Until you gain some experience, you need to make careful consideration of your kayaking location. The last thing a new kayaker needs is waters that have strong waves or currents. For learning, you need calm flat lake or pond waters.
Stay away from white water or ocean currents until you develop your skills and have a few excursions under your belt. If you don't have either of those water bodies for learning, a slow-moving river or stream is a good second choice.
Learn How to Kayak
There are several steps to follow when you learn how to kayak. In our step-by-step guide, we show you the best kayaking techniques for beginners.
Once you read our guide, you'll understand how to use a kayak and find some great kayaking tips and techniques.
Launching a Kayak
How to start kayaking begins with launching your kayak and how the shoreline shape plays a role in the launch. There are two types of shoreline shapes affecting kayak launching, a gentle slope into the water and a steep slope.
Gentle slope: The easiest launch condition, the gently sloping incline lets you easily slide your kayak into the water. Point your bow in the direction of the water, running perpendicular to the shoreline.
Climb on the kayak then using your hands, push away from the shoreline. When the boat glides out on the water, begin paddling.
Steep or rocky shore: The steep descent or rocky shoreline adds more difficulty to the launching process. In this case, you must put the kayak in the water running parallel to the shoreline.
Put your paddle behind the kayak seat, perpendicular to the shoreline, using it to brace and hold the boat in place. Climb on the kayak, adding pressure to the paddle to keep the boat steady. Position yourself comfortably and begin paddling.
Paddling a Kayak: The Basics
Until you get a feel for the paddling techniques, start learning how to paddle a kayak in the flat water. You also want to learn the difference in paddles and which ones best suit your needs.
Picking the right paddle makes a difference between a rewarding and fun experience or painful shoulders and hands.
Understanding the different paddle types is critical to learning how to paddle in a kayak. Look for a paddle with square blades for learning before moving to an offset or feathered paddle.
Recreational kayaks which are the recommended beginner kayak have a width of 26-inches to 30-inches. Wider boats require longer paddles of 86-inches to 90-inches.
A touring kayak, our second recommendation for a beginner kayak, has a narrower hull and takes a shorter paddle. With an overall kayak width of 22-inches to 25-inches, a shorter paddle works well.
When paddling, learn to keep your hands relaxed. You don't need a vice-like grip to move your kayak. You need good posture with your torso vertical and feet placed in a footrest, with knees bent slightly. This posture lets you use your whole torso and shoulders and not just your arms.
Start your paddling sessions slow and easy until you get a feel for the steering and paddling strokes.
Important Paddling Strokes
There are five beginner strokes for learning how to go kayaking:
1. The basic forward stroke
2. Basic reverse stroke
3. Turning or sweep stroke
4. Sculling draw or sideways
5. Rolling the kayak
The Basic Forward Stroke
The basic forward stroke is straightforward, but some tips help make learning easier.
When moving forward, keep the paddle close to your kayak. By bringing it down and away from the kayak sides, your boat turns.
When paddling, twist your torso to increase the power of your strokes.
Push with the legs while paddling for adding extra strength to your strokes.
With any paddling stroke, use the strong leg and torso muscles for propelling you along. By only using the arms, you use more energy to move the kayak which tires you out quickly.
Relax your upper arms and don't use a tight grip on the paddle. A looser grip keeps the stress off the arm muscles while the full body pushes the kayak forward.
Keep your body seated in a way that you don't shift your weight too much while paddling the kayak.
The Basic Reverse Stroke
The basic reverse stroke, for backing up the kayak, is the forward stroke done in the opposite direction.
The kayak turns with a sweep stroke, which you use with either forward or backward strokes. A forward sweep stroke turns your kayak left or counterclockwise and a reverse sweep turns the opposite direction.
Start the forward sweep by keeping the paddle lower than your shoulders. The stroke begins at the front and right of the kayak seat. Instead of pulling the paddle straight back, you move the paddle in an arc around to the back.
Move the paddle in an arc while you twist the body torso at the same time. The movement of the forward sweep should move the kayak counterclockwise.
If you need your kayak turned right or clockwise, the movement is the same with one difference. For the opposite turn, you simply bring the paddle down on the left of the kayak.
Sculling Draw or Sideways
The sculling draw stroke lets you move the kayak sideways. Sculling helps you approach another boat or a dock.
For the sculling draw stroke, start by holding your paddle against the kayak side. You want your paddle on the same side of your target destination.
By holding your hands over the water, insert the paddle into the water at a steep angle. You want the leading blade edge of the paddle angled away from the kayak when pushing the paddle blade forward.
When ending the stroke, turn the paddle over so the blade edge of the paddle angles away from your kayak. Pull back the paddle and repeat to continue moving sideways.
Rolling the Kayak
If you capsize your kayak while paddling, you must know how to roll in the water to get it back in an upright position. Purposely rolling your kayak is scary, but it's important you know how to turn back over after capsizing.
Most rolling techniques begin with the paddle blade sweeping over the water surface before strike downwards vertically. Once you gain experience, you can successfully roll with only a sweep or a strike phase.
While the roll isn't a difficult kayaking maneuver, we do suggest learning in a swimming pool if possible.
Only one blade does the work when rolling, and it's called the active blade. Begin with your blade on the water surface near one end of the kayak which is your starting position.
Let it skim the surface, away from the kayak. The movement is like water skis, causing your kayak to roll on its side. The move brings the body up part-way until the head floats right below the water surface.
Bring the blade as far away from the kayak side as possible in the strike position and bring it down vertically. When the water resists the downward strike, it gives enough support for you to sit in an upright position.
The paddle strike works like a support stroke. It's important you get the timing right when striking or the paddle blade will sink.
When the blade reaches 18-inches below the surface, you lose support. Your blade can sink to that point in under a second, so timing is essential.
A hip snap helps with the support stroke and simply ensures you have the kayak flat and level before rising. Coming from the off-balance position, smoothly roll the hips while bringing the kayak upright.
You want the kayak back level and flat and your body following the kayak a second later.
Other Kayak Basics
There are two other basic skills every beginner needs to learn about how to kayak safely, the scramble and exit.
The Scramble
Getting thrown from a kayak, especially when learning the roll, can happen. When you need back on the kayak fast, you need the scramble maneuver.
Start with flipping the kayak right-side up then swimming to the stern side. Pull yourself up by using a motion like getting out of a swimming pool.
Throw a leg over the kayak until you straddle it. Carefully inch forward until you get your legs back inside and can get seated.
Exiting the Kayak
Landing the kayak is identical to launching it only with the steps reversed. Whether you exit at a dock, a gentle slope, or a rocky incline, the exit technique is the same.
Position the kayak paddle perpendicular to the shoreline and the kayak. Use the paddle for support while climbing out of the boat.
Important Precautions for Paddling Safely
Kayaking is a reasonably easy sport to learn. However, kayaking isn't just about purchasing the boat and heading to the water.
It takes practice and a good knowledge of all the kayaking safety precautions and maneuvers. By not taking the time to learn about safe kayak operations, you might find yourself in a dangerous situation.
We highly recommend considering some professional training, at least with the important rolling maneuver.
Kayak Safety Tips
Until you gain skill and experience, never kayak alone especially if you plan on practicing your rolling technique. In the beginning, you need a buddy along to keep you safe. Rolling with your kayak under water can easily cause panic in even the strongest swimmers.
Even if you master the basic strokes, it doesn't mean you're ready to go on a long kayaking adventure. You also need an understanding of evasive emergency actions and maneuvers.
Knowing how to rescue other paddlers or rowers is as important as learning how to rescue yourself.
Make all your kayaking excursions on calm, flat waters until you gain skills and experience. Leave the rapid rivers and choppy ocean waters until you have the skills needed for rougher waters.
Kayak Clothing
As we mentioned earlier in the article, what clothes you wear while paddling is an important safety consideration. If you live in cold climates or areas that have a short warm season, the water never gets warm, and the air may stay cool.
While wearing heavy cotton protects you against a cold wind, remember you're in a kayak, and you won't stay dry.
When that heavy cotton starts soaking up the cold lake water, your body temperature starts dropping dangerously low. Once your body temperature drops from 98.6° Fahrenheit to below 95° Fahrenheit, hypothermia begins.
If you paddle in cold water, always follow the three-layer clothing rule: moisture control, insulation, water and wind protection.
In colder waters at 60° or less, a condition known as cold water shock begins. Different from hypothermia, cold water shock results in death shortly after falling in the water. Kayaking in water this cold always requires wearing a wet or dry suit.
Life Jacket
A lifejacket is important for anyone, especially weaker swimmers. But when kayaking in water 60° Fahrenheit and colder, all paddlers need a lifejacket. Even for experienced kayakers, there's always a good chance of capsizing.
Staying Visible
Always stay visible to other kayakers and larger boats sharing the same waterway. Wear bright clothing that stands out and makes you easy to find if an emergency arises.
Consider adding reflective patches or tape to your boat, kayak seat back, and paddle blades. Make a whistle a standard part of your emergency gear.
Kayaking Tips
Now that you have the kayak basics it's time for some tips and tricks for making your kayaking easier.
We recommend beginning kayakers start with square bladed paddles. The square shape makes learning easier. As you gain your kayaking skills, you may find yourself switching to the offset paddles most experienced kayakers prefer.
Most kayaks include deck lines already attached. You need to learn the different styles of knots for making good use of this feature.
If you're on a camping trip and you need to check your surroundings, do so when you have a clear view. While it's still daylight, scan the area and get a good view of the next day's planned paddling route.
Be sure you take a compass reading and write it down so if you have a foggy morning; you at least have a directional heading.
Add to your gear list large binoculars. While smaller binoculars are compact and lightweight, they don't have as good of viewing capabilities.
When you bob around on the water, smaller binoculars make seeing through them more difficult.
Common Kayaking Mistakes
Finally, we come to the mistakes new kayakers make. By avoiding these mistakes, you get a fun and relaxing adventure.
Bad Kayaking Posture
A good kayaking experience starts with good paddling posture which includes using the full body for controlling your kayak. Many beginners neglect using the foot supports and backrest.
When not seated properly you can't leverage your torso and leg power for helping you paddle and keep your kayak sitting upright.
Paddle hugging is another common posture mistake made by new kayakers. The paddle hugging position involves excessively bending the elbows and holding the paddle too close to the body.
This position locks the shoulders against the torso. While paddle hugging might feel like good control, it makes no difference at all. It does, however, tire you out and sets you up for painful injuries.
Learn to Lean
Collisions happen to the best kayakers, but how you handle the collision course makes a difference in how you come out of it.
The first reaction to an impending collision is leaning away from the obstacle. Leaning away is the wrong move and can cause your kayak to turn over.
When confronting a collision, always lean toward the obstacles and shield yourself with your arms.
Another instinctive move comes when your kayak is sideways in a river. Most beginner kayakers lean upstream as they try to right the boat.
However, this is wrong and can cause you to capsize. When facing sideways, always lean downstream until you gain control.
Wrong Paddle Position
Another common mistake for beginning paddlers is holding the paddle upside down and backward. Not having the paddle in the right position reduces your kayak stroke power.
At first look, you may wonder how you know if the paddle faces the correct direction. The first and easiest clue to correct paddle position is the words on the paddle blade. If you can read the words from left to right, your paddle faces the right direction.
If your paddle doesn't have words on it, look at the shape of the paddle blade. The blade top is flatter and longer while the blade bottom is tapered and more angled.
When holding the kayak paddle, the blade should curve toward you. If the blade is curving away from you, you have the paddle backward.
Our Final Take
If you enjoy hiking, camping, fishing, or just spending quality time with friends and family you should consider kayaking.
This water sport gives you a chance to explore places you never thought possible!


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Everyone gets bad hair days. Even street fighters. 😛 Last year I made a little Chun-Li to put up for adoption at Comic-Con, and well…when I look back on it, she had a bit of a hairline problem:
I wouldn't say she looked TOO bad, but it could've been better. Sooo…I gave her a new 'do:
Daaaahling, you look fabulous. Now that Chun-Li's got a better hair situation, she'll be reappearing at Comic-Con for adoption too. 🙂 I'll be posting the full adoption lineup next week, so stay tuned! 🙂


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Podcast: Play in new window | Download
In episode 181 of the Financial Procast, here's what we discuss:
SEC commissioners push for greater pricing transparency for bonds
Variable Annuity surrender charges aren't what some would have you think
An as a reminder, there will not be a new episode of the financial procast next week. But we'll be back in a couple weeks with a new episode.
If you would like to reach out to us, we're always happy to hear from you.
Brantley is a practicing life insurance agent and has been for over 18 years. After years of trying to sell like his sales managers wanted him to, he discovered that people want to buy life insurance if you actually explain the benefits.


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"Everybody can be great, because everybody can serve. You don't have to have a college degree to serve. You don't have to make your subject and your verb agree to serve. You don't have to know Plato and Aristotle to serve. You don't have to know Einstein's 'Theory of Relativity' to serve. You don't have to know the Second Theory of Thermal Dynamics in Physics to serve. You only need a heart full of grace, a soul generated by love."
– Martin Luther King, Jr.
The benefits to volunteering are tremendous. From gaining increased exposure in your community (thereby building your brand) to providing enhanced opportunities for professional and personal development (thereby building the strength of your team), there is tremendous value in encouraging your employees volunteer. Here are three reasons why you should encourage your team to volunteer (and why you should, too.)
RPT's community involvement:
RPT partners Frank, Port and Marcus have always recognized the importance of community involvement, and contributing to the communities in which they live and work. Here's how we lead by example.
Volunteering opportunities:
Passion is at the core of volunteer work. Are you looking to get involved or have your business get involved in the community, but aren't sure where to start? Here are some resources to help you get the ball rolling.
The values we put into practice at work also extend to our community. When you hire Radoslovich Parker Turner, PC Attorneys, you hire attorneys who are not only good at what they do, but also do good, supporting a variety of worthy local causes.


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Pets Bring Joy and Unconditional Love,
But Give Them Time, Guidance and Be Flexible For a Peaceful, Happy Home...
Bridget as a young adult/pup
Bridget Sparkeltek Chantilly
(yes, my four year old at the time named her)Since I began writing this blog in 2008, my family has been my muse and my own home the epi-center of my focus. What a perfect place to start-- from an interior designer's lens but more importantly from my own personal vantage point of raising a family, living and building my two homes (our New York City apartment and our beach cottage in East Hampton) bit by bit. Over these years my own dog was in the midst, happily posing for the many camera angles. Our Standard Poodle Bridget frolicked throughout our garden as I took photos capturing our plantings, served as a pretty focus in the background of many of decorating posts (especially perched under our dining table where she loved to sleep), and among the many photographs of my kids as they helped me cook, paint, decorate and build our "nest." The blog has been an archive of my life as I share my thoughts with you about decorating, architecture and home.
The subject of bringing a dog into your home has not yet graced my editorial calendar until now, but with the recent passing of our beautiful, wonderful, amazing Bridget I am now checking in and seeing the importance of writing about pets in a home. We were blessed to have had the most regal, loving, devoted and truly the sweetest angel of a being in our lives for seventeen years! When Bridget was young (we adopted her at seven weeks old from a farm in Novia Scotia) she giddily ran circles in our back yard on weekends when we arrived at our country home in East Hampton after a long drive from New York City. But, she was just as happy playing off-leash in central park each morning before 8 am, or trotting alongside my husband for his morning runs. My daughter taught her to jump rails just like a pony, and boy was she good at it. Everyone in our circle of friends knew about and loved Bridget because of her lovely personality. She had boundless energy, a big heart and she was such a happy soul, not to mention she could adapt to almost any environment. She brought endless love to our family.
Over the years I noted homes where the dog in their life is not happy, and at times these creatures seem to hold the family hostage. They may have barking or separation or stranger anxiety or chewing problems. I think it is important to understand that a dog needs a lot of your time and commitment, but they need limits as well. Often times, people seem to rush into adopting a dog and then they cannot follow through to give the pet what it needs.
I've been around animals my whole life and as a former horse owner, I quickly learned that animals want your guidance. The best horse back riders are those who take charge and although they are kind to the horse, they guide. Dogs are the same. They do not want to rule your home, although they may seem like they do, trust me they do not. They want to protect you maybe, but remember they are pack animals and you are their leader. You set the rules. In a home where that is quickly established you will have a happy home. This can be subtle, and while I do not profess to be an animal trainer of any sorts, I know it to be true.
We must put in the hard work to reap the benefits of the love we get back with pets. This is certainly a metaphor for life-- nothing comes easy in life and with every benefit there is often hard work. If we read manuals on parenting and dog owning sometimes the rules don't work for that particular dog. So, we improvise and we stay flexible but we don't cave altogether and let them run the show.
We were so very lucky to have Bridget for seventeen years, and she was simply an easy dog to own, then she got old. The last year was a little rough, she was sick and could hardly walk. We carried her up and down stairs, we fed her special food, and basically kept her alive and happy. I knew she was getting towards the end of her life but she also seemed content most of the time. She would look up at me with her beautiful doe-eyes and seemed grateful for all the love we gave her. Even though we made sacrifices, it was worth it.
Bridget running on the beach
for her birthday this past July
Happy Nesting
XO Tamara


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Thursday, May 4, 2006
Memoirs of a Geisha
Now to Ziyi Zhang who plays Sayuri, or the main character as an adult. She made this character real. I am not usually one to be swept away in dramas (believe it or not) but I was totally enamored from the beginning til the end of this movie. I oft' time do other things while watching a movie but I just sat there in an almost catatonic state watching as I was pulled into the story and felt with the characters until the end. Even the love story interwoven was one of reality and not so much Hollywood froofroo.
I have not watched the special features yet, but have been told that because of the different nationalities respresented in this cast, there were many interpreters that had to be used. An amazing feat this director accomplished in making such a well done movie with such obstacles to overcome as multiple language barriers. I know from being assistant director in the play here at home (more on that later) that even when you do speak the same language sometimes it is a pain to get everyone on the same page, but mutliple languages....oy!
Needless to say in this Imp's opinion this movie is a must see! Just make sure you are in the mood for a drama.
3 comments:
- Richard said...
I beg to differ, while I liked the movie, there is eye candy in this movie. The main character is smokin' hot. Other than that I agree with your synopsis. However, I thought the movie raised more questions than it answered regarding teh geisha. My questions were nothing a quick trip to Wickipedia couldn't fix though.
I have watched two crap movies you should stay away from. Tristan and Isolde and Casanova. Both were horrible.
Well now I will have to see this movie, which was on my list of things to see already anyway, though your intelligence gives it another star in my book.
And if we want to talk Eye candy, Heath Ledger, mmm and that voice too, made Casanova easily watchable. Now its no Seabiscuit or Hotel Rhwanda, but it was good fun lite as air popcorn fare.
fyi...the book is sooo much better than the movie! i really loved the movie! but the book was tons better! so if you have the time, i definitely suggest checking out the book!
but yes, i totally concur with all your comments about the movie. the actors made this movie!


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Do People Still Call Phone Sex?
Literary Explorations
Snippets of prose that are sure to make one's penis pose. (They're works in progress, and generally don't rhyme.)
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Personal Page at AllOver30: Mary Jane
Age: 42
Height: 5'4" (163 cm)
City: La Mesa, CA
Occupation: Dispatcher
Turn-Ons: Girl/Girl and a big dick
Best/favourite sexual experience: On to of a helicopter pad, it was so exciting. The thought of getting caught and being able to orgasm at the same time.
All other pictures and movies of Mary Jane are for members of All Over 30!
All Over 30 Copyright © 2007-2009, YoyoMoms.com


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Advances in Consumer Research Volume 12, 1985 Pages 571-576
J. Douglas Carroll, AT&T Bell Laboratories
Wayne S. DeSarbo, AT&T Bell Laboratories
Our paper surveys the literature on two-way multidimensional scaling models for representing individual differences in preferential choice or other "dominance" data (to use Coombs' generic term for data in which observations relate to the dominance of one object or entity over another). This paper represents an update of the Carroll (1972, 1980) papers. The models range from the simple (linear) vector model, in which preferences for a given subject arc assumed to relate to projections of stimulus points onto a vector representing that subject, through the (quadratic) unfolding model and generalizations of that model. In the unfolding model. a subject's preference is assumed to relate in a simple fashion (c.g., linearly or monotonically) to distance from an ideal stimulus point for that subject. This "ideal point" represents that subject's most preferred stimulus and may or may not correspond to an actual stimulus point. Generalizations allow each subject to have differential weights for dimensions (as well as a different ideal point) or a possible idiosyncratic orientation of the coordinate system (to which differential weights are applied).
We consider various two-way multidimensional (or multi-attribute) models for preferential choice data (although these models could be applied to any type of what Coombs (1964) has called "dominance data"). With one or two exceptions, these models apply to situations in which preference (or dominance) data arc available for a number of subjects (or other data sources) on a number of different stimuli (c.g., products), while the multidimensionality emerges from systematic individual differences among subjects or other data sources. Clearly, the multidimensional structure could be extracted from such data by, for example, calculating some form of "profile similarity" or "profile dissimilarity" measure among stimuli (over subjects or other data sources) and then applying standard methods of multidimensional (proximity) scaling to these derived dyadic proximities data C or applying, say, non-hierarchical or hierarchical clustering methods to obtain discrete multiattribute representations. We focus rather on explicitly formulated spatial models aimed at accounting for such systematic individual differences, and methods of analysis appropriate to such models. In general we shall be interested in deriving parameters representing subjects or other data sources as well as parameters defining stimuli as points in multidimensional space. While recognizing that dominance data other than preferential choice data could be involved, and that data sources other than subjects may be utilized, we henceforth will assume that preference judgments by each of a number. of subjects for each of a number of objects define the basic data.
A number of different models have been proposed to account for individual differences in preference. Foremost among these arc the vector model, first proposed by Tucker (1960), and the simple unfolding model, proposed in the unidimensional form by Coombs ( 1964) and generalized to the multidimensional case by Bennett and Hays (1960). We shall consider a hierarchy of models (Carroll 1972, 1980) beginning with these two and continuing to further generalizations of the unfolding model in differential weights or saliences arc allowed for different individuals, or an even more general model in which the possibility of differential rotation of the system of coordinate axes as well as differential weighting is allowed.
We now consider these models, which Carroll ( 1972, 1980) calls the linear-quadratic hierarchy of models in order of their complexity.
The Vector Model
The vector model, illustrated in Figure 1, assumes (in common with practically all the models to be discussed here) a set of stimulus points (such as A-E) embedded in a multidimensional space.
In this model. different subjects are represented by distinct vectors, or directed line segments. Two of these vectors arc shown in Figure 1. The preference order for a given subject is assumed to be given by the projection of stimuli onto the vector representing that subject. As can be seen in the figure, quite different preference orders can be accommodated in such a model.
One way of interpreting vectors in this model is in terms of the relative importance of the dimensions to the preference judgment. The cosines of the angles the vector forms with the coordinate axes directly measure these relative importances. In the case of the vector model. these importances act like coefficients in a linear combination of dimensions. Its algebraic structure is defined below in equation (1):
Pij=the observed preference scale value of jth stimulus for ith subject
Xjt=the value of jth stimulus on tth dimension
bit=the importance of dimension t for subject i (it is proportional to the direction cosine of the angle subject i's vector makes with the dimension t coordinate axis);
t=1....T dimensions;
i=1....I subjects;
j=1....J stimuli.
In matrix form:
where II = ||rij|| is the matrix of transformed preference values, pij, transformed by the function Fi, which takes observed preference scale values (p) into underlying "true" values (p). Fi will generally be assumed to be known in the case of "metric" analyses, and monotonic in the case of "nonmetric" analyses. B is the I x T matrix ||bit|| of importances and X is the J x T matrix ||xjt|| of coordinates of the stimulus space. (In the above, equations "=" is taken to mean "equals except for unspecified error terms," or that a least squares solution for unknown model parameters is sought.) Also, except where explicitly specified to the contrary, we assume complete preference scale values are obtained for all subjects, as specified by the matrix P. Carroll's (1972, 1980) PREFMAP and PREFMAP2 allows for the metric or non-metric estimation of this model as does his MDPREF (Carroll 1964) procedure.
An intuitively unattractive property of the vector model is that it assumes preference to change monotonically with all dimensions. That is to say, it assumes that if a certain amount of a given thing is good, even more must be better (ad infinitum). We know that this is not realistic for most quantities or attributes in the real world.
The Simple Unfolding Model
Coombs (1964) first introduced the unidimensional unfolding model which is illustrated in Figure 2.
Here the stimuli can be described in one dimension. as represented by their positions along the abscissa in the figure. Different subjects correspond to different "ideal points" which represent their respective optimal values on that stimulus continuum. In the unidimensional unfolding model, the farther a stimulus is from a subject's ideal point, the less the subject will like that stimulus. In Figure 2, three hypothetical subjects are represented by ideal points, and the preference order generated by these different ideal points is indicated. It is clear that, even in one dimension, quite different orders can be generated by this model. Coombs called this the "unfolding" model because the preference order for a given individual can be generated by folding the stimulus scale at that individual's ideal point. To recover the stimulus scale from the preference data, then, it is necessary simultaneously to unfold all these preference scales for individuals (what Coombs calls the I scales) to find the common, or joint, stimulus scale (the J scale). The three curves drawn above the abscissa in Figure ' show hypothetical preference functions that go with the three individuals represented here. Of major importance is that they are. to use Coombs' term, single peaked (have a single maximum, which occurs of course at the ideal point) and symmetric. The particular shape is not important, so long as these two conditions are met, nor do they all have to have the same shape.
Bennett and Hays (1960) generalized this model to the multidimensional case. The two-dimensional case of this "multidimensional unfolding" model is illustrated in Figure 3.
Here the stimuli and subjects are both represented as points in the same multidimensional space. The points for individuals represent ideal stimuli, or optimal sets of stimulus values, for those individuals. In the Bennett and Hays model. the farther a given stimulus point is from an individual's ideal point, the less that individual likes that stimulus. This notion of relative distance implies a metric on the space. Bennett and Hays assumed this to be Euclidean, an assumption we shall share. The assumption of the Euclidean metric means that the "isopreferenee contours" (or loci of equal preference) are, in two dimensions, a family of concentric circles centered at the individual's ideal point. In three dimensions, they are concentric spheres, and hyperspheres in higher dimensions. Several authors have proposed algorithms for estimating stimulus scale values and ideal point coordinates from preference judgments assumed to follow the unfolding model (Lingoes 1972, 1973; Bennett and Hays 1960; Roskam 1973; Young and Torgerson 1967; Kruskal et. al. 1977; Kruskal 1964a,b; Schonemann 1970; Carroll 1972, 1980; Takane, Young, and deLeeuw 1977; Heiser 1981; Spence 1980; Greenaere and Browne 1982; DeSarbo and Rao 1983, 1984) . This approach of estimating both ideal points and stimulus coordinates is known as internal analysis (Carroll 1972), as opposed to external analysis methods which estimate only ideal points given fixed stimulus coordinates (obtained from perhaps an MDS analysis of similarities).
While the unfolding model and the vector model seem. superficially, to be quite different. it is in fact the case that the vector model is a special case of the unfolding model. One can see this by conceptually moving the ideal point for an individual farther and farther out along a fixed line from the origin, while holding the stimuli constant. As one does this, the rank order of distances from the ideal will approach that of projections of stimuli onto a vector whose direction is the same as that of the line along which the ideal point is moved. One can see it geometrically by noting that, as the ideal point is moved farther and far her out, the family of circular is preference contours looks (in the region occupied by the stimuli) more and more like a family of parallel straight lines perpendicular to the line joining the centroid to the ideal point, and asymptotically would be precisely such a family of straight lines. But the isopreference contours for the vector model comprise just such a family of parallel straight lines perpendicular to the vector. This geometric argument is illustrated in Figure 4.
The basic algebraic structure of the simple unfolding (or ideal point) model is contained in equations (3) and (4) below:
EQUATION (3) and (4)
yit=the tth coordinate of the "ideal point" for the ith subject;
xjt is as before (as are pij, Fi, pij and T).
Note that the simple (linear) vector model is indeed linear in its variables (the x's, or stimulus coordinates) while the unfolding model is quadratic, (since it adds to the linear terms one term that involves the sum of squares of stimulus coordinates C i.e., a quadratic term). Schonemann (1970) presents an analytic internal solution for a strong case (treating the data as unconditional) of this unfolding model. Ross and Cliff (1964) provide methods for obtaining a stimulus configuration through a singular value decomposition of the double centered P=((Pij)) matrix under suitable assumptions. Schonemann and Wang (1972) combine this metric unfolding model with the Bradley-Terry-Luce choice model (Luce 1959), to produce a stochastic unfolding approach that is applicable to paired comparisons data. Zinnes and Griggs (1974) present a probabilistic multidimensional analogue of this model. Davidson (1972, 1973) presents a geometrical analysis for this type of unfolding model. Carroll's (1972, 1980) PREFMAP and PREFMAP2 allows for the estimation of this model using either an external or internal analysis. DeSarbo and Rao's (1984) GENFOLD2 allows for options for internal or external metric or nonmetric, and/or constrained or unconstrained analyses.
While the simple unfolding model assumes that a given difference (on a dimension) makes as much difference to one subject as to another, as well as assuming that all individuals relate to the same set of dimensions within the space, we now consider two generalizations of this model that allow one or both of these assumptions to be dropped.
The Weighted Unfolding Model
In this first generalization of the unfolding model (Carroll 1972, 1980) we continue, as in the simple unfolding model. to assume different ideal points for different individuals, but also allow distinct individuals to weight the dimensions differently. That is, in place of the usual Euclidean distance formula of the form
(where yit, is the tth coordinate of individual i's ideal point, xjt is the tth coordinate of the jth stimulus point, and dij is the distance between ideal point i and stimulus point j in a space of T dimensions), we substitute the formula
where the weighting factor wit can be thought of as the "salience" or "importance" of the tth dimension for subject i. For the moment we will assume the wit's are all positive or zero, but we will later consider the case where they may be negative. The generalized version of the unfolding model following expression (6) above assumes that one man's meat may be another man's irrelevancy; a dimension that is very important to one individual may be of no significance to another. It should be stressed that one need not assume these weights to reflect any differential perceptual discrimination of the dimensions. While a man may clearly perceive the difference between women who are blondes and those who are redheads, this perceptual dimension may be irrelevant to his choice of or preference for dating (or mating) partners. To another, of no greater perceptual acumen, this dimension may make all the difference in the world in making such judgments. Of course. the weighted distance formula of equation (6) does not distinguish between differential weights due to differences in perception, and those due to different "saliences" for preference of equally well discriminated dimensions,
This weighted unfolding model is illustrated in figure 5.
The only difference is that now the isopreference contours are ellipses. ellipsoids, or hyperellipsoids instead of circles, spheres, or hyperspheres. The larger the weight, the smaller the corresponding axis of the isopreference ellipse or ellipsoid. reflecting the fact that it takes a smaller change to make the same amount of difference (to be precise the ratios of the axes of the ellipsoids are reciprocally related to the square roots of the ratios of the weights that appear in equation (6)). In Figure 5, Subject I weights the two dimensions equally, Subject II weights dimension one more than two, while III weights dimension two more than one. The preference orders for the three hypothetical subjects are also shown. These are generated by applying the generalized Euclidean distance defined in equation (6), which can be characterized roughly as the number of rings of concentric ellipsoids out from the center (or ideal point).
Srinivasan and Shocker (1973) present a nonmetric external unfolding analysis with this model using linear programming methods including non-negativity constraints for the dimension weights. The same constraints are provided in a metric procedure using quadratic programming described by Davison (1976). Spence (1980) presents an interesting generalization of this model allowing for linear constraints on X = |xjt|| and/or Y = ||yit||. DeSarbo and Rao's (1984) GENFOLD2 allows for all of these options in the estimation of the model.
The General Unfolding Model (Differential Rotations and Weights)
In this first generalization we have assumed that, while individuals may differ both in ideal point and weighting of dimensions, the same basic set of dimensions are involved in the judgments of all individuals. The second generalization allows us to relax this assumption. While we shall assume all individuals to share in common a single perceptual space, we allow distinct individuals additional freedom in choosing a set of "reference axes" within that space (Carroll 1972, 1980). Thus each individual is allowed to rotate the reference frame of the perceptual spaces and then to weight differentially the dimensions defined by this rotated reference frame (in addition to being permitted an idiosyncratic ideal point).
Here, the formula for Euclidean distance can be written as:
dij = [(yi - xj) Wi (yi - xj)']1/2 (7)
yi=the I x T vector of deal point coordinates for subject i,
xj=the I x T vector of coordinates for stimulus j,
Wi=the i-th subject's TxT symmetric transformation matrix.
One point that should be mate with respect to this model is that the rotation alone does not make the model different from the simple unfolding model (since orthogonal rotations leave Euclidean distances unchanged). It is only the rotation in combination with differential weighting of dimensions that makes this a genuinely new model. Bechtel (1976), and DeSarbo and Rao (1984) also present a related general powered distance model for unfolding. Ramsay (1982), and deLeeuw and Heiser (1979) also consider such metrics for dissimilarity data.
Figure 6 illustrates isopreference contours that could arise from this most general unfolding motel.
For simplicity, only a single ideal point is shown, and all isopreference ellipses have the same eccentricities, but neither of these conditions would necessarily hold in general.
The Possibility of Negative Weights
While the weights (w's) have heretofore been spoken of as though they were assumed to be positive, in the preference domain it is possible to argue that we may sometimes want to allow negative weights. A negative weight, in this context, means that there is a minimally (rather than maximally) preferred value for that dimension, as is certainly true for some dimensions. It has been argued (Carroll 1972) that such a minimally preferred value characterizes many subjects in the case of the temperature dimension for tea (i.e., many subjects like hot and cold but not lukewarm tea). In the unidimensional case a negative weight simply means that the preference functions are inverted, or that the folding of the J scale produces the negative of the I scale. In the multidimensional case, however, negative weights may lead to more interesting consequences. Of course, if all dimensions have negative weights it is just as though the preference scales were inverted in direction (so that the "ideal point" is transformed into an '*anti-deal"). If, however, some dimensions have positive and others have negative weights, the situation is more complex. Instead of either an "ideal point" or an "anti-deal point" we now have a saddle point, that is a point that is optimal with respect to some dimensions, and "pessimal" with respect to others.
This is shown more graphically in Figures 7, 8, and 9. Figure 7 shows a prototypical preference function for the usual case of both weights positive in the two dimensional case.
(Horizontal slices are taken through this response surface, and the intersections projected down onto the two dimensional plane to generate the elliptical isopreference contours). Figure 8 shows a section of a typical saddle-shaped preference function for the case in which one dimension (dimension one) is negatively weighted while the other (dimension two) has a positive weight.
Figure 9 contrasts the isopreference contours appropriate for the two cases.
In the case of the positive-negative pattern of weights, the isopreference contours comprise a family of hyperbolas. The two straight lines which are asymptotes of the hyperbolas define the locus of points equal in preference to the saddle point, which is the point at which the two lines intersect.
While there may well be a justification (both theoretical and empirical) for such negative weights in at least some cases, it is very often the case that they occur because of chance fluctuations in parameter estimates due to noise in the data. In such cases it may be desirable to constrain the weights to be non-negative. One way to do this is to use quadratic programming methods (see Davison 1976) . Another way involves the reformulation of the problem as a linear programming problem proposed by Srinivasan and Shocker (1973). DeSarbo and Rao (1984) allow for options to constrain these weights to be positive or to be estimated freely.
The Hierarchial Structure of Preference Models
It has already been argued that the vector model is a special case of the simple unfolding model. It is clear that this simple unfolding model in turn is a special case of the weighted unfolding model (since the weights can, as a special case, be all equal to one), while the weighted model is a special case of the general unfolding model (since the rotation matrix may be an identity). By transitivity, each simpler model is a special case of all the more general onesChence the hierarchy of models alluded to earlier.
We have presented a review of four general classes of spatial multidimensional scaling models used in the analysis of preference and/or dominance data: the vector model, the simple unfolding model, the weighted unfolding model, and the general unfolding model. The assumptions and implications of each type of model have been illustrated and discussed. as well as the nested features of these four models. The use of such models in marketing has had pronounced effects in the areas of market segmentation, product positioning, and consumer behavior.
There are other areas in multidimensional scaling that have not been discussed in this paper. Topics such as three-way analyses, discrete network models, reparameterization models, problems of solution degeneracy, different types of analyses, preprocessing effects. property fitting and interpretations of solutions, etc., are all relevant areas that should be addressed in future endeavors. In conclusion, we feel that marketing has only begun to benefit from the applications of such psychometric procedures, and that the future looks quite bright concerning the integration of these techniques into general marketing practice.
Bechtel, G. G. (1976), Multidimensional Preference Scaling, The Hague: Mouton Press.
Bennett, J. F. and Hays, W. L. (1960). "Multidimensional Unfolding: Determining the Dimensionality of Ranked Preference Data," Psychometrika. 25, 27-43.
Carroll, J. D. (1972), "Individual Differences and Multidimensional Scaling," In R. N. Shepard, A. K. Romney, and S. Nerlove, (eds.), Multidimensional Scaling: Theory and Applications in the Social Sciences Volume l Theory New York: Seminar Press, Inc., 105-155.
Carroll. J. D. (1980), "Models and Methods for Multidimensional Analysis of Preferential Choice (or Other Dominance) Data." In E. D. Lantermann and H. Feger (eds.), Similarity and Choice, Vienna: Hans Huber Publishers.
Carroll, J. D. and Chang, J. J. (1964), "Non-parametric Multidimensional Analysis of Paired-comparisons Data," Paper presented at the Joint meeting Of the Psychometric and Psychonomic Societies, Niagara Falls, October, 1964.
Coombs, C. H. (1964), A Theory of Data. New York: Wiley.
Davidson, J. A. (1972), "A Geometrical Analysis of the Unfolding Model: Nondegenerate Solutions," Psychometrika, 37, 193-216.
Davidson, J. A. (1973), "A Geometrical Analysis of the Unfolding Model: General Solutions," Psychometrika, 38, 305-336.
Davison, M. L. (1976), "Fitting and Testing Carroll's Weighted Unfolding Model for Preferences," Psychometrika, 41, 233-247.
DeLeeuw, J., Young, F. W. and Takane. Y. (1976), "Additive structure in qualitative data: an alternating least squares method with optimal scaling features," Psychometrika. 41, 471-504.
DeLeeuw, J. and Heiser, W. (1978). "Multidimensional Scaling with Restrictions on the Configuration," Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Multivariate Analysis, Pittsburgh.
DeLeeuw, J. and Heiser, W. (1980), "Multidimensional Scaling with Restrictions on the Configuration," In P. R. Krishnaiah (cd.), Multivariate Analysis, New York: North Holland.
DeSarbo, W. S. and Rao, V. R. (1983), "A Constrained Unfolding Model for Product Positioning," Proceedings of the 1983 ORSA/TIMS Marketing Science Conference. Los Angeles. CA.
DeSarbo, W. S. and Rao, V. R. (1984), '*GENFOLD2: A Set of Models and Algorithms for the GENeral UnFOLDing Analysis of Preference/Dominance Data," Unpublished Manuscript, Bell Laboratories.
Eckart, C. and Young, G. (1936), "The Approximation of One Matrix by Another of Lower Rank," Psychometrika, 1, 211-218.
Greenacre, M. J. and Browne, M. W. (1982), "An Alternating Least-squares Algorithm for Multidimensional Unfolding," Presented at the 1982 Joint Meeting of the Psychometric and Classification Societies, Montreal, Canada.
Heiser, W. J. (1981), Unfolding Analysis of Proximity Data, Published Doctoral Dissertation, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
Kruskal, J. B. (1964a), "Multidimensional Scaling by Optimizing Goodness of Fit to a Nonmetric Hypothesis," Psychometrika, 29, 1-27.
Kruskal, J. B. (1964b), "Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling: A Numerical Method." Psychometrika, 29, 115-129.
Kruskal. J. B., Young, F. W. and Seery, J. B. (1977), '*How to Use KYST2, A Very Flexible Program to do Multidimensional Scaling and Unfolding," Unpublished Paper, Murray Hill, N.J.: Bell Laboratories.
Lingoes, J. C. (1972). "A General Survey of the Guttman-Lingoes Nonmetric Program Series," In R. N. Shepard, A. K. Romney, and S. Nerlove (eds.), Multidimensional Scaling Theory and Applications in the Behavioral Sciences, Vol 1: Theory, New York: Seminar Press. 49-68.
Lingoes, J. C. (1973). The Guttman-Lingoes Nonmetric Program Series, Ann Arbor Mathesis Press.
Luce, R. D. (1959), Individual Choice Behavior, New York: Wiley.
Ramsay, J. O. (1982). "Some Statistical Approaches to Multidimensional Scaling," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 145. 285-312.
Roskam, E. E. (1973), "Fitting Ordinal Relational Data to a Hypothesized Structure," Technical Report #73MA06 Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Catholic University.
Ross, J. and Cliff, N. (1964), "A Generalization of the Interpoint Distance Model," Psychometrika, 29, 167-176.
Schonemann, P. H. (1970), "On Metric Multidimensional Unfolding," Psychometrika. 35, 349-366.
Schonemann, P. H. and Wang, M. M. (1972), "An Individual Difference Model for the Multidimensional Analysis of Preference Data," Psychometrika, 37, 275-309.
Spence, I. (1980), "A General Metric Unfolding Model," Personal Communication and Handout.
Srinivasan, V. and Shocker, A. D. (1973), "Linear programming techniques for multidimensional analysis of preferences." Psychometrika. 38, 337-369.
Takane, Y., Young, F. W. and DeLeeuw, J. (1977), - "Nonmetric Individual Differences Multidimensional Scaling: An Alternating Least Squares Method with Optimal Scaling Features," Psychometrika, 42, 7-67.
Tucker, L. R. (1960), "Intra-individual and Inter-individual Multidimensionality," In H. Gulliksen and S. Messick (eds.), Psychological Scaling Theory and Applications, New York- Wiley.
Young, F. W. and Torgerson, W. S. (1967), "Torsca A FORTRAN IV Program for Shepard-Kruskal Multidimensional Scaling Analysis," Behavioral Science, 12, 498.
Zinnes, J. L. and Griggs, R. A. (1974), "Probabilistic, Multidimensional Unfolding Analysis," Psychometrika, 39, 327-350.


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I provocatori del post-punk in studio con Dennis Bovell, già produttore del seminale album "Y", e Hank Shocklee,
membro fondatore dei Public Enemy e leggendario produttore di Bomb Squad
The Pop Group released Citizen Zombie, to critical acclaim in February 2015.
The band commenced an extensive reissue programme in 2014 with the rerelease of We Are Time and an archival collection of previously unreleased material entitled Cabinet of Curiosities. Their long out of print second studio album,For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? was reissued earlier this year followed by an official bootleg of live tapes entitled The Boys Whose Head Exploded, featuring rare footage from the Don Letts Punk Rock Archives.
THE POP GROUP: la band di Mark Stewart in studio con Dennis Bovell e Hank Shocklee per un nuovo album!0


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Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
England boss Roy Hodgson wants fizz, not the froth
AMID all the frothy platitudes that surround the 150th anniversary of the Football Association, and the long list of glamour friendlies that will have the cash tills at Wembley ringing this year, it is easy to forget England have business to attend to.
The antidote to all the pomp is that Roy Hodgson's coaching career, which has spanned almost four decades and taken him all over the globe, will be framed by what he does over the next nine months, even if there was a public reluctance to accept as much.
Either he becomes the manager who guided England to the World Cup. Or the man who failed.
"I can't think in those terms. There have been quite a few years, most of the 37, where you're thinking success or failure this year will have an effect on the way I'm viewed," said Hodgson.
"I was aware I'd taken on a huge responsibility when I took on the job. All I can do is try my best to assume the responsibility and the pressures that come with it and that when the players go out they feel comfortable and feel they're in a position to win the game."
I was aware I'd taken on a huge responsibility when I took on the job
It is therefore crucial that tonight's glamour friendly with Brazil provides context for the months ahead and conjures the sort of positives England can work on, and put into practice, in the double header with San Marino and, more importantly, the group-defining trip to Montenegro in March.
England always expects, but evidence is required of the dream midfield partnership between Steven Gerrard and Jack Wilshere dovetailing, of Wayne Rooney and Danny Welbeck providing dynamism further forward, of Theo Walcott dazzling, and for the centre-back pairing to convince against tonight's eye-catching opponents.
The back-slapping must not merely be reserved for Ashley Cole's 100th cap.
It serves to underline the frustrations that international management throws up that two years to the month that Fabio Capello wanted to road-test the Wilshere-Gerrard partnership in a friendly against Denmark in Copenhagen, only to be thwarted by injury to the Liverpool man, the duo will finally start together.
The 13 minutes they shared on the pitch in Stockholm last November was a tantalising glimpse that must now become a glorious reality; the right-footed, all-action Gerrard sharing centre stage with the left-footed, metronomic Wilshere. "When you're that level of player, you'll have no problem playing together," said Hodgson, who arrived in the capital yesterday afternoon after England had let the train take the strain, having first being put through their paces at St George's Park.
"It's up to the other players to profit from the work these players are going to do, and the quality of passing they are capable of giving.
"We've not seen much of them together yet. We saw a bit of it in Stockholm, but that was Jack just coming back. He'd only played a couple of games for the Arsenal.
"Now we're seeing a player who's much more in tune with playing every week. I'm excited to see them.
"But don't forget names like Lampard, Carrick and Tom Cleverley, who is also an exceptional footballer.
"We can hold up our heads and say we can compete with the best in that area of the field. It's up to the players to stay fit and give me that headache as to who I'll leave out."
The 'but' Hodgson volunteered seemed significant if only because the contrast between a wealth of midfield options and the dearth of England's attacking permutations feels stark.
The absence of Jermain Defoe and Daniel Sturridge through injury points to Rooney and Welbeck starting in front of a sold-out crowd and Hodgson accepted that hitting upon a partnership
that can be successful in carrying the nation's hopes is perhaps the biggest conundrum facing him.
Rooney-Welbeck is an axis that should be established and yet they have shared a pitch at international level for just 222 minutes. Let it not be forgotten that in the dismal draw with Poland in October, which leaves England off the pace on the road to Rio, Hodgson opted for Defoe.
"We have some exciting forward players, some good potential to work with," said Hodgson.
"But of course these players do need to grasp the nettle very quickly because we don't have three or four years to mature if we're to reach Brazil. I see some good quality and I hope that manifests itself in the game."
In order to maintain good relations with Premier League managers, and especially Sir Alex Ferguson ahead of the Manchester United Champions League showdown with Real Madrid next week, Hodgson indicated he will ring the changes in the second half.
If that feels unsatisfactory and an unwanted symptom of the modern game, then it may give Walcott an opportunity to play through the middle against respected rivals.
Brazil, 18th in FIFA's rankings largely because they have not played a competitive game for almost two years since the 2011 Copa America, opened the new £757million Wembley in 2007 and Hodgson knows a samba celebration victory would be the best way to start a landmark year.
"If we are capable of producing a good quality performance against Brazil, we have to feel confident we can do the same against Montenegro," he added.
The FA have sent out the invitations, Brazil provide the glamour. It is now up to England to supply the fizz. 'We have got some exciting forward players with potential to work with'


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Just like the sea and the wave, we both were different identities and yet a part of one. Isn't it the same way it's supposed to be? Where I am the wave always coming back to you and you are my sea, always holding on to never let go?
Isn't it how we are supposed to be? Where we are a perfect fusion of calm and furious, and yet so alluring to just be, so engrossed in the depth of you and me, willingly drowned in the depth of us!
©Vidhi Ashar


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Notice of Intent to Surface Mine
Memphis Stone and Gravel Company of Memphis, Tennessee; (901) 774-7874, has made application to the State of Tennessee, Division of Water Pollution Control, to amend its existing mining permit to mine sand and gravel in Shelby County. The proposed permit of 183 acres is located in USGS Arlington, TN.; N3515-W8937.5/7.5, Quadrangle, Loosahatchie River watershed, and is drained by an unnamed tributary of Beaver Creek. Any interested parties may contact the Division of Water Pollution Control Mining Section, 3711 Middlebrook Pike, Knoxville, TN 37921 or at (865) 594-6035 within thirty (30) days of this publication. Additional information about this project is available at www.msgravel.com.


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The Garden at Gull Crest
The Garden at
Maxwell's Farm
Photo Gallery
The Garden
Welcome to our community of gardeners! The Cape Community Garden at Maxwell's Farm is an organic garden located on land owned by Dan and Imelda Maxwell on Spurwink Avenue. It is located behind the former farm stand now occupied by the Ocean House Child Development Center. The Community Garden consists solely of its member gardeners and is coordinated by the Garden Committee. The garden relies on the financial support and cooperative efforts of all its members to maintain the garden. The better we work together, the more we all prosper from the enriched community we create.
Gardeners tend their own individual plots and surrounding paths and collectively maintain the area as needed. In addition to individual gardeners plots, one plot is set aside for the day care children to plant and two plots are reserved to grow produce for local food pantries through a program called Maine Harvest for Hunger.
The program is coordinated by Wendy Garland and Marybeth Richardson; other gardeners pitch in to plant, tend, harvest and deliver, or to donate extra vegetables from their own plots. During the past three seasons, the Maxwell garden contributed more than 1000 pounds of fresh produce to this worthy program.
In 2010, in loving memory of Judy Simonds, one of the garden's founders, Judy's Pantry was established in Cape Elizabeth at the Methodist Church to provide healthy, local produce to Cape families with limited resources.
Garden at Maxwell's
Farm Links
The Garden at
Maxwell's Farm
Garden Calendar
Maine Harvest for Hunger


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For the past few Septembers, Parallel 49 Brewing Company along with Brewmaster Graham With have released a temporary pumpkin spice Oktoberfest beer called Schadenfreude that has been met with open arms (and mouths) from the beer drinking community.
This year the team at P49 decided to experiment with the brew. Let me be the first to tell you, the results are incredible. According to With, the central difference in the beer is a shift from a German brew to a more Canadian style beer with a German influence. What we are left with is a dark malty beer with slight pumpkin hints and a heavier caramel kick than ever before. The beer is really really really good. Find Parallel 49's Pumpkin Oktoberfest on shelves this September.
Parallel 49's Schadenfreude Oktoberfest beer debuted among a crowd of beer enthusiasts at an exclusive Pinball Wizard industry appreciation event last night. A pop-up vintage arcade, stacked gourmet steamies, and a variety of Parallel 49 taps infiltrated the space at the Landyachtz Factory Store in East Vancouver.
We were fortunate enough to be invited to the event, chat with some industry pros, and taste the reincarnation of Parallel 49's Schadenfreude Pumpkin Oktoberfest. We also snapped some photos – check them out here:
Words: Brett
Connect with Van Pours!
#vanpours #pouroftheday
Get in touch! Let's go for a pint and/or like each other's stuff on Instagram. Are you a local brewery? Craft beer enthusiast? Event planner? Media savvy blog guru? Beer nerd? Give us a shout, we are happy to hear from you.
email: email@example.com
Instagram/Twitter: @vanpours or use #pouroftheday to share what you're drinking with us


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The Hedonist Project is a pretty cool concept bar. Every few months, the idea behind the place changes. It's been a Whiskey bar, a Gin bar, a skate bar, a Rum shack and more. But it's not just the menu that changes; the whole place gets a makeover and a completely fresh vibe. When the guys behind it go to so much effort, it would be rude not to visit, right? And so, just like the millennial hero that I am, I tasted and rated every single cocktail on the new Hedonist menu. You are welcome. Now lets get piste…
Winter Rose – 8.5/10
I was a little apprehensive about trying this as I'm not the biggest fan of floral flavours but this was blooming delicious. Just a hint of rose alongside fresh raspberry made this Vodka based drink go down far too easily.
Apres Flip – 4/10
I didn't read the ingredients. It looked like chocolate milk. It was not chocolate milk. I couldn't get over my disappointment enough to enjoy this. I've never had nut bitters before but I don't think they're for me.
Black Rum Reviver – 9/10
This is Christmas in a cup. It's warming and delicious. There's cinnamon, citrus and chamomile involved, so grab one, sit by the artificial fire and say au revoir to stress and all other bad things in life. Brownie points for the copper mug #aesthetic.
Alcaraz Cooler – 5/10
So. Much. Tequila. If Tequila is your thing, you'll enjoy this more than I did. Unfortunately, Tequila is my kryptonite, or at least that drink you can still taste during the worst hangover anyone has ever experienced.
A Breeze from the East – 9/10
This reminded me of a LUSH bathbomb. I'm not sure how that equated to it being one of my favourite drinks of the evening (I mean I'm a huge LUSH fan but…). Give it a mix before you dive straight in and enjoy the gin!
Deep Nectar – 6.5/10
Total titanic vibes from this one. To an unrefined palette (aka to me) it tastes like Whiskey. If you like JD and coke, you will probably like this. If you're a bit of a Whisky snob, stick to your single malts for a few more rounds first.
The Grindelwald – 5/10
This one wasn't my cup of tea. I couldn't really distinguish the flavours (though I had sampled a fair few drinks by this point), I could just taste alcohol and lots of it.
Matterhorn Smash 9.5/10
It had an after taste of Popcorn flavoured Jelly Belly Beans. Instant hit. It's Bacardi based with lemon, ginger bread syrup (yum) and soda, so definitely not something I would normally go for as a total Gin gal. But this really surprised me. I've been back to the Hedonist since (twice in two days, oops) and immediately ordered it again so if you're only going to try one drink, make it this one.
Have you visited the Hedonist before? What's your favourite cocktail?
A faux-ginger, gin drinking, digital marketing gal with a thing for food styling. That was basically my old Tinder bio... Living in Leeds, I'm forever heading out for dinner, buying too many clothes, spending 50% of my money on ubers and, as of now, putting my stamp on my new apartment!


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Now with VST3 hosting
Twelve single-process modules
Instantly enhance the functionality of your plug-ins and DAW with twelve different signal modification units. Explore new creative possibilities and quickly add missing features. Each module can easily be inserted, swapped and moved around making new options to correct, convert or tweak your audio.
Expand your system
SigMod contains many useful, creative functions which are otherwise difficult to engage. Combine these single-process modules in any order to design the precise routing you require. Auto-resizing keeps the signal flow and functionality clear at all times.
- Master & channel strip features
- Signal monitoring & routing options
- Mid/side conversion
- Output level protection
- Frequency banded splits
- 1000's of possibilities...
Use stereo plug-ins in mid/side mode
Add mid/side functionality to classic stereo compressor and EQ emulations, or get creative with mid/side delays, distortion and many other effects by inserting the mid/side encoder/decoder either side of any left/right plug-in instance.
Protect speakers, ears & sanity
Insert the Protect unit across your output bus and this safety module will automatically cut in to prevent bursts of noise or feedback howls due to system errors, saving both your nerves and your speakers. Manual or auto reset options give you the level of protection you need - a real gift when working with headphones!
Tap and crossover
Want to try some parallel processing? Drop in the Tap module and you are good to go. Use the Crossover module to split the highs from the lows to apply different effects to different frequency ranges - great for avoiding muddying up the low frequencies or getting creative with automation and sweep effects.
Host any VST3 plug-in anywhere within your signal chain
Enhance the functionality of your plug-ins and enable multiple new applications. A dual mono option allows for independent processing of two parallel channels, turbo-charging your existing plug-in collection with new creative possibility.
For your DAW
Several of SigMod's modules offer easy access to functionality which is either missing from certain DAWs, or at least complicated to access natively. Solo/mute or trim the left and right sides of a stereo signal independently, or easily flip the stereo image in one click. Quickly detect and correct DC offset to retain valuable headroom.
How does your mix sound in mono? Think about how many listeners will be using a phone or a DAB radio with one speaker - the Mono module switches your signal from stereo to mono in one click. You can also check the phase relationship between your left and right channels with the Phase module.
Your imagination is the limit
With SigMod's creative signal routing - particularly the Mid/side, Tap and Crossover modules - the possibilities are virtually endless, not to mention easy and tweakable.
Ever wondered how your go-to tape emulator would sound in mid/side mode?
Splitting your vocals into 6 different frequency bands and sending each of them to a different compressor?
How about 600 to 800Hz through your favourite guitar amp sim, and the side channels above 13kHz sent to a giant hall reverb? Unusual, but very easy.
Full list of modules
- Insert VST3
- Mid/side
- Protect
- Mono
- Switch
- Delay
- Phase
- Trim
- DC offset
- Tap
- Crossover
- Mute/solo
"Competetively priced and a real joy to use. A ton of pro tricks can be perpetrated with SigMod. Brilliant."
Baby Brown
Eminem, Xzibit
"A utility that is simple and easy that helps sort out some basic issues, (SigMod) is a correction time saver."
Peter McCabe
Paul McCartney, Ricky Martin, Kiss
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8 elite plug-ins delivering deeper control over your full production workflow. From EQ, stereo panorama and low frequency content to mixing and mastering for today's streamed delivery services.
Bring transparent solidity to your bass; sharpen, define and align for the tightest mix. Monofilter anchors your bass with ease, while retaining the perceived spatial characteristics of the original sound.
Expand your stereo image. Mono to stereo, stereo to super-wide and everywhere in between. Natural extension or extreme effects, Stereoizer provides it all.
Focus in on the frequencies you want to move using the intuitive solo controls and then tweak/fix/align them in the stereo panorama without affecting any other regions – simple, quick and effective!
Powerful, flexible audio analysis, giving you immediate access to precisely the information you need, when you need it, through a unique, intelligent window system.
Product specifications
Available formats
We support AAX, VST, VST3, AU and AudioSuite in both 64-bit and 32-bit versions.
Minimum system requirements
Mac OSX 10.7.x / 512 MB RAM
Windows XP or above / 512 MB RAM
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