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Yorkshire Entertainment has a choice of terrifically
talented top Tribute Acts are the closest you'll
ever get to the `real thing'. They perform brilliant
live recreations dedicated to some of the World's
greatest entertainers. Why not treat yourself to
a stunning show dedicated to your favourite artist?
The secret of the acts is in the attention to detail,
and everything from wardrobe to sound is recreated
as accurately as possible. When all of these ingredients
are added up, what you have is nothing less than
the greatest live 'Stars in their Eyes' experience
anyone can ever hope for.
Frank Sinatra - David Alacey
David has toured Britain with his show 'Frank Sinatra
- His Way' and visited Denmark and Sweden with the 'Salute
to Sinatra'. More appearances followed with Charlie Moon's
theatre tribute to The Rat Pack and a sequel to this starring
David as Sinatra with tributes to Sammy Davis, Dean Martin
and Judy Garland from 'Stars in Their Eyes', premiered
at the Thameside theatre in Grays. Constantly in demand
as Sinatra, David recently played to 5000 people at an
event sponsored by Nortel at the prestigious Alexandra
Palace in London. This was followed by a sell-out show
with Nova Casper as Tina Turner and Gerry Trew as Rod
Stewart - 'TINA, ROD & FRANK' at The Dominion Theatre
in London's West-end. Most recently, David has toured
as Sinatra in The Fabulous Vegas Boys! Including another
appearance before 2000 people at the SECC in Glasgow,
alongside Des O' Connor, this was followed by another
open air big band performance this time with Hot Chocolate
and Gerry and The Pacemakers for Trust Thamesmead.
Frank Sinatra – Fred
Fred first performed live on ITV's "Stars in Their
Eyes" and was asked to come back to perform on the
Christmas edition in the same year. Fred has since performed
on the Spanish version of the show as a special UK guest
singer. He has also performed on Channel 5's "Night
Fever" show and worked on satellite TV programmes
such as Play UK's "Poppleganger". More recently
he has appeared on CBS television prior to performing
a live casino show in Portland, USA. Fred has worked and
performed with some big stars in a number of prestigious
venues both at home and abroad including: UEFA Football
Conference, Geneva, Switzerland. Performed with the Four
Tops, Tenerife, Canary Islands. Performed with Tom Jones,
Earth, Wind & Fire at Philip Green's 50th birthday
party. 'The World' cruise liner - exclusive private function.
Sinatra Ball, Four Seasons Hotel, Dublin - Irish Sports
Commission, England One Day International cricket matches
- The Oval, Trent Bridge and Old Trafford Mill Casino,
Portland, USA. In November 2002, Freddie starred in a
production titled "Strictly Sinatra" at the
Olympia Theatre, Dublin. Fred has performed for large
organisations such as Honda, Barclays and Addidas and
at venues including The Hilton, The Savoy, The Dorchester
and Claridges.
Frank Sinatra – James
James Chadwick was always aware of the music of the
legendary artist Frank Sinatra from a very early age.
Frank Sinatra was his father's favourite artiste. As the
years progressed James too became fascinated with Sinatra
after meticulously studying his life and his career. He
soon realised that he had a gift for impersonating his
voice and mannerisms. He was also fortunate enough to
see Sinatra perform in London and was absolutely spellbound.
Like Sinatra, James controls his audience with sheer charisma
and professionalism, his stage craft is remembered by
all who have had the privilege of seeing him perform.
The classic Sinatra music performed by James Chadwick
is perfect for theatres, corporate
events, hotels and restaurants weddings
and private parties. He has appeared at many jazz venues
across Britain. "This guy really is Sinatra".
Frank Sinatra – Perfectly
Comprised of some of the UK's finest jazz and swing
band musicians, and fronted by the charismatic presence
of vocalist David Knopov, Perfectly Frank go beyond the
usual conventions of the tribute band to recreate all
the ambience and excitement of a late 50's swingin' Sinatra
show. Taking their cue from the touring bands which Sinatra
used during the 1950's, Perfectly Frank recreates impeccable
renditions of such timeless classics as 'I've Got You
Under My Skin', 'The Lady Is A Tramp' and 'Come Fly With
Me' to perfection. The band regularly performs as a seven
piece, but can be augmented up to eleven for larger concerts.
They have dozens of radio and TV credits to their name
and this band simply oozes with class! They perform brilliantly
for corporate parties, Las Vegas theme nights, weddings
and private parties.
Frank Sinatra – Phil
Mark Richie of the Stage magazine wrote "This young
man has successfully adopted the look and sound of Sinatra,"
His publicity shots that show his uncanny resemblance
to the young Sinatra. Phil and his own trio recently supported
Ken Dodd at the Frontier Club, Batley, Les Denis at the
Princess Theatre in Blackpool and then as were the main
act at the Civic Hall, Leeds before the Lord Mayor of
Leeds. Phil was filmed by Yorkshire TV and the next day
he was featured in the Sun newspaper under the heading
'The New Frank'. Phil, accompanied by his trio and an
ITV crew, flew to the United Arab Emirates to fulfil bookings
in Dubai, Al Ain and Abu Dhabi. The resultant 30-minute
documentary, entitled 'Just to be Frank' was broadcast.
Phil experienced one of the personal highlights of his
career so far when he had the privilege of a meeting with
Mr. Frank Sinatra JuniorPhil is ideal for any special
event or party and suits all ages with Sinatra's
timeless classics. He is also available for pure look-alike
work, event openings, guest appearances, TV and photographic
engagements. This is a fantastic tribute to the King Of
Frank Sinatra – Rat
Pack Trio
You got it baby – this is the hippest and hottest
show on the planet, currently selling out casinos and
events throughout the world. The Rat Pack Trio - goes
from strength to strength with a truly authentic show.
This is the real deal - no artificial actors anywhere!
Established successful crooners have come together to
have fun. Sold out shows repeated everywhere is really
a true testament to the quality of the entertainment and
it's never ending appeal. Great songs, great singers
plus an abundance of fun are all cleverly combined to
guarantee a wonderful time. Bring the hippest, hottest
show on the planet to your event and like Frank Sinatra
be 'Mr Success'. Available in several different
formats to suit most venues, you'll get a quality
show and truly fitting tribute to The Rat Pack. Bringing
good times & great tunes in a wonderful show with
an abundance of class, style & stunning panache. Its
fun fun fun all the way - as they take you on a trip back
to unforgettable halcyon days of hip and cool!
Frank Sinatra – Tom
Award winning vocalist Tom Rust sings Rat Pack era songs,
a tribute to the singers and songwriters of the 'Great
American Songbook' including swing and big band hits.
Having studied Opera and attended the Guildhall School
of Music and Drama he developed careers not only as a
performer but also as a session singer and recording artist
in his own right. Tom Rust's musical talent and
interpretation has helped him become one of the UK's top
Frank Sinatra acts. Performances worldwide for private
and corporate events have helped to establish his growing
popularity. He is the only male vocalist ever to receive
a Special Award at the Marion Montgomery Memorial Awards
held at the Ventnor Jazz Festival in the Isle of Wight.
"Tom's smooth voice gave the whole evening a touch
of glamour. As soon as he started singing we were all
itching to start dancing." Celia Walden, Editor of
Spy, Daily Telegraph. "Tom Rust's rendition of Rat
Pack era tunes was just perfect for a ball attended by
the Rat Pack of Fleet street. His performance was much
appreciated on a night which raised a lot of money for
the Newspaper Press Fund." Charles Garside, Managing
Editor, Daily Mail.
Freddie Mercury –
Gary Mullen
Gary Mullen as Freddie Mercury is the ultimate "Stars
in their Eyes" winner. He won the 'Stars in their
Eyes' Grand Final in 2000, polling nearly one million
votes, which was more than double the runner up! Scotsman
Gary Mullen now has an excellent live career for himself
as a mercurial Freddy Mercury act. He travels the world
with this amazing show. Queen's Brian May himself
wrote that Gary indeed bears a remarkable likeness to
Freddie Mercury, in both his voice and his appearance
on stage...! Gary Mullen's voice is as remarkable
as the artiste he portrays and with his live band 'The
Works' there is no better Queen act. Gary's
solo Freddie Mercury tribute act is available for corporate
functions, private events, weddings, theatre events &
personal appearances.
Freddie Mercury –
The Great Pretender
In this great one man show, Steve Littlewood draws on
his 25 years experience as a musician, performer, and
entertainer to present what is largely recognised as one
of the most authentic Freddie Mercury shows in the business.
Steve Littlewood is... 'The Great Pretender' recreating
the image, the energy, and most incredibly the Voice of
the late great Freddie Mercury. From the moment that he
explodes onto the stage, the all powerful hits keep coming
and with the use of stunning costume changes and bags
of audience participation, Steve ensures that this is
one show that you won't want to miss! The Great Pretender
not only faithfully recreates the music of Queen,
but also recaptures the outrageous and infamous fashions
of the outlandish Freddie Mercury.
Freddie Mercury –
Lee Baker
Lee Baker's tribute to Freddie Mercury oozes class from
beginning to end. A talented performer and vocalist he
is one of the very few Freddie Mercury shows that actually
sounds like the great man. Add to this his electrifying
performance and high quality backing tracks. Together
with stunning costume changes and you have the formula
for a spectacular and memorable evening. Pulling together
over 15 years as a professional vocalist and entertainer
Lee Baker presents the magic of Freddie Mercury in a truly
inspirational way, always leaving audiences screaming
for more. So don't be tempted to book an inferior Freddie
Mercury act, put A Kind of Magic into the evening, go
for the Killer Queen don't put yourself Under Pressure
Break Free from under achieving acts, give' them Someone
to Love. Lee Baker is The Champion and He Will Rock You.
Freddie Mercury –
Paul Jackson
Paul Jackson is the lead vocalist of the leading Queen
tribute band QUEEN B. He is available to perform solo
as an authentic and powerful Freddie Mercury act. Freddie
Mercury must be one of the most difficult and challenging
roles any singer could attempt to portray both vocally
and indeed visually. Paul however, does this magnificently
with his soaring vocals & dynamic stage presence.
Paul Jackson struts around the stage just as the great
man himself did…outrageously! Paul Jackson as Freddie
Mercury offers a night full of songs you'll all
know and love, such as 'It's A Kinda Magic' & 'Bohemian
Rhapsody'. You'll have stars in your eyes. With
his powerful almost operatic voice, he sings all the hits
and struts around the stage in the same outrageous way
Freddie did. Paul also plays the piano to exactly the
same songs.
Freddie Mercury –
Tony Grant
Tony Grant is one of the few Freddie Mercury acts to
be advocated by the remaining members of Queen. Tony Grant
has won accolades and standing ovations throughout the
World with his astounding performances. Appearing extensively
from New York to New Zealand, St Helier to St Moritz,
Tony has rocked audiences of up to 40,000 people in stadiums
and theatres touring worldwide. Tony's stunning Freddie
Mercury tribute act has also been the choice of entertainment
for some of Europe's biggest corporate events - IBM Europe
- Barcelona, Sony - Holland and The Hague to name but
a few. Tony has topped the bill at the Scandinavian Film
Awards in Stockholm, Sweden and has just returned from
the Gold Cup Race Party, Dubai, Arab Emirates via other
premier corporate business presentation events in Rome.
Tony also topped the bill last year at the Isle of Man
TT celebrations.
George Michael –
Sean Tyler looks and sounds like George Michael. Fans
of George Michael will agree that Fastlove is a special
impressive tribute to one of the world's most famous
pop acts. He has been performing as George Michael for
nearly 4 years covering a wide spectrum of work ranging
from famous footballers weddings, celebrity charity balls
to hotels and nightclubs across the UK and Europe. This
George Michael act is great for any nightclub, hotel,
bar diner, club, private function, wedding or holiday
camp, you are guaranteed a great evenings entertainment.
A fully self-contained act with a one hour show (this
is flexible at the request of the client) incorporating
a 3k professional system and lighting for the ultimate
in sound quality. This uncanny visual and vocal tribute
is spot on taking you through the George Michael catalogue
of hit after hit, nostalgically arriving at WHAM! at the
half way point of the set. Faith to Careless Whisper,
Wake me up' to Freedom, plenty of audience interaction
and coxing all wannabe performers to get up, join in and
have fun and make it a night to remember.
George Michael –
Joseph's professional singing career started after he
sang Careless Whisper on a karaoke. People thought he
was miming to a record and still do nowadays. He should
take that as a great complement! Joseph says being a tribute
to one of the greatest singer/songwriters ever has led
to many performances on Stage and TV, such as Two appearances
for the BBC Children In Need Appeal. He was selected as
the top George Michael Lookalike for the ITV 2004 Brit
Awards, Brighton Conference Centre. He's had several
appearances singing to a 32,000 crowd at his home football
club Leicester City. He's sung alongside and toured
with many famous singers such as the 80's pop diva 'Whigfield'.
Joseph travels all over the UK and has an Andrew Ridgely-style
Guitarist for his 'Bad Boys' show used when needed, mainly
in the 'WHAM' set. The show is fully self-contained with
costume changes, it's own P.A, Lighting rig and Backdrops.
Costume changes are also made during the performances.
George Michael –
Robert Lamberti
Since winning his heat of the Stars in Their Eyes in
1994, Rob Lamberti has become one of the hottest acts
around! Rob lives in the North East and within months
of his amazing rendition of Faith on Stars in Their Eyes,
the endless phone calls for bookings persuaded him to
turn professional. Rob has now performed all over the
world as a solo artist and his performance includes favourites
such as Faith, Club Tropicana, Wake Me Up, and I'm Your
Man - right up to his performance of Outside in his Authentic
L.A Police uniform! Spotted By Chris Evans where he performed
at the 1999 Virgin Christmas Party he subsequently went
on to perform Last Christmas on the Christmas Eve TFI
Friday TV show, alongside the Pet Shop Boys and the Lightning
Seeds. His accurate images and unbelievable performance
of the George Michael and Wham songs make this the number
one George Michael show.
Kylie Minogue –
Counterfeit Kylie
Able to suit your venue or budget, Counterfeit Kylie
is available by herself, with dancers and/or live band
(with or without backing singers). All formats are fully
choreographed with superb vocals, great routines and stunning
costume changes. With over 10 years experience behind
her and having played at venues as prestigious as Wembley
Arena (Variety Club), Earl's Court (Aerobathon), The Brighton
Centre (with Bryan Adams) & Cafe Royal, you might
mistake Counterfeit Kylie for Miss Minogue herself. The
full show takes you through Kylie's hugely successful
career, from 'I Should Be So Lucky', 'Locomotion' and
'Better The Devil You Know', right through to 'Spinning
Around', 'Can't Get You Out Of My Head' and 'Love At First
Sight'. The show can be from 20 to 75 minutes in length.
Kylie Minogue –
During the last year, Faye has taken the UK by storm
with her stunning tribute to Kylie Minogue. Her incredible
likeness to Kylie leaves audiences finding it hard to
believe she is not the real thing. Standing at 5ft tall
and looking and sounding exactly like Kylie, Faye has
entertained crowds at top venues around the UK and Europe.
She has also appeared alongside the real Kylie for a promotional
photo shoot and even Kylie could not believe the likeness
between the two. Faye has appeared in the Daily Mirror,
Daily Star, Inside Soap Magazine, Heat Magazine and recently
had her own feature in the Wales on Sunday. Faye is used
by The Ford Motor Company as their official Kylie lookalike
and has also worked some of the top universities around
the UK. Faye also sang at the Inside Soap Awards 2002
in London. Faye has worked across Europe as Ford Motor
Company's official Kylie Lookalike promoting the Ford
Street KA and also works extensively at Butlins and Pontins.
She has recently featured on Sky News, ITV, BBC and in
the Daily Mirror as well as an exclusive interview in
Heat Magazine and an interview on Channel 4 following
Kylie's fake kidnap.
Kylie Minogue – Feverish
(Joanne Steele)
Joanne Steele's Feverish is on the ultimate Kylie
Minogue acts. She'll take you through the years
of Kylie's music success including smash hits like I Should
Be So Lucky, On A Night Like This, Spinning Around and
Can't Get You Out Of My Head. Her career has taken her
to many countries including The United Arab Emirates,
Norway, Kiev, Greece, Italy, Turkey, France, New York,
etc. She has also performed at Disney's Epcot Centre in
Orlando, Florida on a 3 year contract. Joanne would like
to be considered as the ultimate tribute to Princess of
Pop. Not only does she bear an incredible likeness to
the pint size pop star but also she has perfected her
vocal impression to such a standard that audiences are
guaranteed a superb 'Kylie Experience'. A trained dancer
and choreographer, Joanne has captured the sensual movement
and stage presence of Australia's favourite export. She
has a top quality sound system and lighting and she has
the option to be accompanied with two excellent female
dancers and three costume changes to make the visual effects
out of this world.
Kylie Minogue –Kylie
Without doubt this is one of the most popular artistes.
Complete with her own backing dancers this fully choreographed
show is just about the closest to the real Kylie that
you can get! In 2000 she won the 'Sony Tribute Of
They Year'. This authentic comes with specially
tailored sensational costumes worn by Kylie herself. With
over 10 years experience in professional singing, dancing
and choreography, this well oiled group have managed to
put together the exact same stage routines from Kylies
very own concerts. All of the hits that have made Kylie
the star she is today are superbly re-created, in addition
to some of the outfits! This show is in extremely high
demand, so we can only advise to book early. Can't
Get You Outta My Head - It's In Your Eyes - I Should
Be So Lucky - Locomotion - Better The Devil You Know -
Spinning Around - Hand On Your Heart - Kids - On A Night
Like This - Please Stay and many more.
Kylie Minogue – Kylie
Kylie Likely is the same height and slim build as the
diminutive pop princess and she has perfected all of the
sexy dance moves. A classy performer with 10 years' full-time
experience on-stage, TV and in the studio, she sings with
passion and enthusiasm, is a sexy dancer and excites and
involves the audience ensuring a great party atmosphere.
All the big hits are featured right from the Neighbours
days to the present, including the monster smash hits
I Should Be So Lucky, Better The Devil You Know and the
recent chart topper Can't Get You Out Of My Head. Several
rapid costume changes (utilising an on-stage changing
room doubling as a backdrop) and a 4KW professional light
show make The Kylie Likely Show a total visual and aural
experience not to be missed. She has a superb sound system
and light show, top quality backing tracks.
Kylie Minogue – Miss
Miss Minogue's Kylie act is a theatrical show
with female dancers, fabulous costumes and dynamic dance
routines. This is not just a cabaret act! Miss Minogue
is a highly polished, high energy, self contained theatrical
show with fabulous bespoke costumes and tight dance routines
featuring professional dancers. The outstanding vocals
and entertainment ability of Miss Minogue herself, plus
the huge list of great pop hits, puts the cherry on the
cake! One listen to the demo tracks and we're sure
you'll agree. This show is perfect for hotels, Universities,
Theatres, Nightclubs, Corporate Events and Outdoor Festivals,
where you need the 'wow' factor. A quality
Kylie show simply has been too long in coming, until now!
Kylie Minogue - Sammi Jaye
Sammi Jaye's outstanding tribute to Kylie Minogue is
second to none! Not only does she bear an incredible physical
likeness to the diminutive super star, but also she has
perfected her vocal impression to such a standard that
audiences are guaranteed a superb 'Kylie Experience'.
A trained dancer and choreographer, Sammi Jaye has captured
the sensual movement and stage presence of Australias
favourite export and could only be bettered by the aussie
bombshell herself. Sammi Jaye delivers the ultimate show
incorporating all of Kylies best known hits. She's a true
professional, able to perform solo or with her own dancers
and fully choreographed show!
Luther Vandross - Harry
The stage said of the Luther Vandross act, Harry Cambridge,
"This is one vocalist that should be seen as a performer
and not just as a tribute artist". This is the definitive
interpretation of Luther Vandross. Harry has a charismatic
vocal style and this amazing talent was born into a family
steeped into the tradition of gospel and he quickly moved
on to having his own group at school. Harry's singing
career took off after appearing on Stars in their Eyes
as Luther Vandross. The producers were so impressed that
they asked him to return for two more special shows. Harry
Cambridge provides a wonderful tribute to the great star
capturing the essence of his music and personality. Harry
can also perform a Lionel Ritchie show and various soul
Madonna – Debbie
Debbie Nunn's Madonna Show covers all of Madonna's
songs and images and takes you from the early days of
Madonna's No.1 pop hits, through her time as a night club
diva and onwards to her show stopping role in Evita and
ends with her rebirth as a modern pop icon. In the last
four years she has performed in Las Vegas, Singapore,
Russia, The Middle East and all across Europe as well
as at all of the UK's most prestigious gigs. She has numerous
TV and radio shows, including "Watchdog" and
"Richard and Judy". She has just completed
a tour for Virgin Drinks promoting their latest DT and
NT products. Debbie was recently interviewed on Radio
1's "Breakfast Show" by DJ Scott Mills. After
singing live on the show Scott thanked Debbie by saying
; "The lovely Debbie Nunn. Wasn't she great? Fantastic!
What a talent!" Prior to taking the Madonna Show
on the road, Debbie was already a professional singer
working with a lot of today's stars and her fantastic
vocals can be heard on a lot of the current chart hits.
Madonna – Lisa Antoinette
An authentic tribute to one of the world's most
popular female singers is performed by Lisa Antoinette.
As seen on TV! Madonna Look-alike Winner of "Best
Female Pop Star Look-alike" LWT's Stars and their
Doubles 2001. An experienced and professional Madonna
Look-alike, Lisa is constantly in demand in both The Media
and corporate entertainment industries. She is renowned
for her uncanny resemblance to The Material Girl herself.
Lisa is able to work as a solo artist with backing tracks
and with dancers if required. Her many TV appearances
include CBBC, BBC1, BBC2, GMTV and Pop Idol. She has appeared
for various National & International Corporations
and past clients include Madame Tussauds, Royal Albert
Hall, Safeway's, Guinness, David Morris Jewellers.
Madonna – Sally
Sally Moore adds new meaning to the word "Tribute"
with her stunning voice and looks complementing the very
best examples of these two icons of the music industry.
Either as a double show or individually, with or without
dancers, your special event is guaranteed a success at
the highest level. This international star in her own
right has appeared on national television as both Celine
and Madonna. Sally is a frequent visitor to mainland Europe
where her voice crosses international boundaries - just
ask them in Spain, Sweden, Denmark and Eire. Sally painstakingly
recreates Madonna to such an exactness that you will go
home thinking that you've just seen the star herself.
She appeared in the Radio Times with Jonathan Ross about
a special article on Madonna.
Madonna – Vogue
Vogue has toured The Madonna Show for five years, with
rave reviews. Their theatrical production and party atmosphere
has proved a winning combination with audiences worldwide,
who love to watch and to dance. Vogue appeals to all ages,
covering Madonna's amazing career spanning over twenty
years. Vogue includes Elly Jarmain, who looks and sounds
uncannily like Madonna, along with dynamic dancers and
live musicians. Their costume designers have recreated
all the images, taking the audience on an evocative journey
from the eighties to the new century. The older members
of the audience remember the pointy bras and corsets,
and the crucifixes and lace of the Boytoy era. The younger
generation identify with the cowboy look, and the geisha
and punk styles of the recent Drowned World tour. Vogue
has entertained some of the most prestigious audiences
including Prince William and Prince Harry, Richard Branson
and the Sultan of Oman.
Meatloaf – Steve
Steve Steinman has become one of the best known lookalikes
and soundalikes to "Meatloaf" in the world.
Steve formed his first "Meatloaf" show back
in 1989 where he originally performed in small venues.
The show now plays theatres and cabaret venues all over
the U.K. and Ireland. In 1993 Steve got his chance to
perform on the hit TV show "Stars In Their Eyes".
He went down so well he was asked to appear in the Christmas
special. After Steve's great success on the TV show
he took the "Meat Loaf" show on the road touring
all over the world. He's appeared on Channel 4s
Big Breakfast along side the real "Meat Loaf"
which gave Steve the chance to ask "Meat Loaf"
what he thought of his show. Meat replied "great
For a Further Selection of Solo
Tribute Acts (Original Artist Names from A to E) - Click Here.
For a Further Selection of
Solo Tribute Acts (Original Artist Names from N to Z) - Click Here.
Inclusion in this list does not imply sole representation.
Where applicable, artistes will be offered by arrangement with their respective


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Gill Laverick Handmade Ceramic Cufflinks
These beautifully crafted cufflinks, designed by Gill Laverick are made using various precious metals including 24ct gold. A truly special piece these cufflinks would make the perfect gift or keepsake from this landmark exhibition.
More details
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UK delivery within 3 to 5 working days*
Free UK delivery on orders £50 and over
* For made to order Epic Posters by Surface View please allow up to 14 working days for the order to be processed, printed and delivered within the UK
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Mainly made from porcelain with brown / gold textured glaze

subset: commoncrawl


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Click here to see page 4 of Visual Observations Click here to see page 6 of Visual Observations
With the nights growing longer this time of year it is possible to observe deep-sky objects from the summer, fall, and winter in the early morning hours before dawn. So after the Moon set I brought out the TMB 105mm f/6.2 apochromatic refractor on an alt-az mount to observe some old favorites.
It was a clear and cool night, with the limiting magnitude around 5.6 to 5.7. The Milky Way was visible through Perseus, Cassiopeia, and Cygnus, as was the dark rift running through Cygnus. I noted that Chi Cygni, a Mira-type variable star located in Cygnus, seemed usually bright. It is located near Albireo, and usually peaks about magnitude 5.2, however it seemed a little brighter than 4.0.
The first deep-sky object I observed was the North America Nebula, NGC 7000, which is a bright emission nebula located in Cygnus near Deneb. The size of the nebula is approximately 120'x30' and it has a magnitude of 4.0. It is roughly 3000 light years away.
William Herschel discovered the North America Nebula on October 24th 1786 using his 18.7" aperture reflecting telescope that had a focal length of 20 feet. In addition to the NGC number, the nebula has the designation H V 37: H for Herschel; V for the fifth class (Very large nebula) that he came up with to describe the 2500 deep-sky objects he discovered; and 37 represents the 37th object in that class. He described it as "Very large diffused nebulosity. Brighter in the middle, 7' or 8' a little 6' brighter and losing itself very gradually and imperceptibly."
Nearby the North America Nebula is the Pelican Nebula (IC 5067-5070), which is also an emission nebula. It is approximately 60'x50' in size, and has a magnitude of 8.0.
Without filters the North American Nebula and the Pelican Nebula were visible through the telescope at 27x. I decided to try a comparison between a couple of OIII filters, a Baader O-III filter and a Lumicon O-III filter, to see which one worked best at bringing out the finer detail. I found that for exit pupils over 3mm, the Baader O-III filter did a better job in bringing out mottling in the North American Nebula, and detail in the Pelican Nebula, including its beak. Also the sky background was darker. For exit pupils less than 3mm the Baader seemed a little strong so the Lumicon filter worked better.
The next object I observed was the Veil Nebula, which is a supernova remnant also located in the constellation of Cygnus. There are two parts to the Veil: NGC 6960, which is the western part centered on the star 52 Cygni, a magnitude of 7.0, and a size of 210'x160'; and NGC 6992-6995, which compose the eastern part of the Veil. Both NGC 6992-6995 have a magnitude of 7.0, with NGC 6992 having a size of 12', while NGC 6995 has a size of 60'x8'. The Veil Nebula is approximately 1500 light years away.
William Herschel discovered the Veil Nebula on September 5th 1784 using his 18.7" aperture reflecting telescope. He described the western part of the Veil (H V 15) as "Extended; passes thro' 52 Cygni... near 2 degree in length." Of the eastern part (H V 14) he noted "Branching nebulosity... The following part divides into several streams uniting again towards the south."
Robert Burnham, Jr., in his classic book Burnham's Celestial Handbook refers to it as the "Bridal Veil Nebula"... resembling frost patterns or fine lace".
Walter Scott Houston note said of the Veil Nebula: "It is an excellent nebula for training the eye, perhaps the most important observing "accessory", to help us get the most out of the telescope we are using."
Through the telescope at 27x and 33x NGC 6960, the western part of the Veil was smaller and dimmer than the eastern part. In addition the western part had somewhat of a witches broom appearance to it, with curved handle and a feathered look to one end. NGC 6992-6995, the eastern part had more of a boomer rang appearance to it, and showed finer detail, including mottling and brighter areas. Additional comparisons with the two OIII filters yielded the same results as before.
M 31 (NGC 224), the Andromeda Galaxy, was next on my list. According to Walter Scott Houston and Robert Burnham, Jr., the Great Andromeda Nebula (as it was called before it was realized it was a separate galaxy) has been known at least as far back as 905 A.D., and was mentioned by the Persian astronomer Al Sufi in the 10th century. The first telescopic observation of M 31 was credited it to Simon Marius in 1611 or 1612, who compared the soft glow of the galaxy to "the light of a candle shining through horn".
The Andromeda Galaxy is around 2.3 million light years away. Through the telescope at 33x the galaxy filled most of the field of view of the eyepiece (2.4°). Some reference books list its diameter as 3° degrees although George Phillips Bond was able to trace it to over 4° in 1847 using a 15" refractor. In the TMB 105mm the galaxy had a brighter central region that fades out to a fainter outer region where there were hints of two dust lanes. It was a pretty island universe. Two satellite galaxies, M 32 (NGC 221) and M 110 (NGC 205), were visible nearby. M 32 had a oval shape and appeared relatively bright, while M110 appeared elongated and larger than M 32.
After observing M 31 I swung the telescope over to M 33 (NGC 598), which is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Triangulum. Like M 31, M 33 is around 2.3 million light years away, and it has a diameter of 71'x42'. Through the 105mm refractor it appears large and elongated with a light gray-green color to it at 33x. It had slightly brighter central region and some was mottling visible.
The Double Cluster (NGC 869 & NGC 884) are open clusters located in the constellation of Perseus and were next on my list. They are both around 30.0' in diameter and are around 7300 light years away. Sky watchers have known them since antiquity, although William Herschel is given credit for discovering these objects were star clusters. He observed them on November 1st, 1787, and he placed them both in his sixth class, Very compressed and rich clusters of stars. Of NGC 869 (H VI 33) he wrote: "A very beautiful and brilliant cluster of large stars very rich, the middle contains a vacancy." Of NGC 884 (H VI 34) he wrote: "A very beautiful, brilliant cluster of large stars irregularly round, very rich, near half degree in diameter. " Through the 105mm the clusters were very pretty, nicely resolved into a mix of brighter and fainter stars with some red stars mixed in. The view reminded me of pinpricks of light on a black velvety background.
Looking towards the eastern sky I noted that M 45 was rising above the trees so swung the telescope over to it. M 45 is an open cluster with nebulosity located in the constellation of Taurus. It is around 407 light years away and around 2° in diameter. Through the telescope the cluster was very pretty at 33x, reminding me of glittering diamonds on a black velvety background. There appeared to be nebulosity visible around some of the stars including Merope, Maia, and Electra.
After observing M 45 I noted that astronomical twilight was beginning to set in, and that Orion was rising above the eastern horizon. So I decided to take a quick look at M 42. Through the telescope at 33x I was able to resolve the Trapezium into four stars and see some nebulosity around them. Later, Venus began peaking through the trees as it rose.
As I watched M 45 rise above the trees in the eastern sky I was reminded of another observing session I made back in August 1980 as I also watched M 45 rise above the trees. At the time I recently purchased a C8, and it was going to be my first real observing session with it. I got home from my job around 1:30 AM and as it was a clear and cool night with no Moon I decided to set the telescope up. I observed many of the same objects during that observing session as I did during this one, including the Double Cluster, M 31, M 32, M 110, M 42, M 45, and Venus. I was impressed by the additional detail visible in the deep-sky objects in the C8 when compared with the smaller aperture telescopes I had used in the 1970's. As the observing sessions were similar in August 1980 and August 2006 I began to think about how amateur astronomy has changed in the past 26 years.
In 1980 the Dobsonian revolution was in its beginning stages. Coulter Optical introduced a line of inexpensive alt-az reflectors. Also in the early 1980's many amateurs began building their own Dobsonian reflectors, with help from articles in the old Telescope Making Magazine. Meade introduced a 4" f/10 SCT and 8" f/10 SCT in 1980 to compete with Celestron SCT's. Also in 1980 Al Nagler introduced his line of high quality Plossl eyepieces, and a couple of years later the revolutionary 13mm Nagler. Apochromatic refractors, which are common today, started becoming available from Tele-Vue and Astro-Physics in the early 1980's. And in 1981 the IBM PC was introduced. Many telescopes now have or use computers, and where astro-imaging was once done mostly with film these days it is mostly done with CCD cameras, digital cameras, and webcams.
It will be interesting to see the changes that take place in amateur astronomy during the next 26 years...
It was not the best year for the Perseid meteor shower. The Moon, a few days past full at 82% phase, was due to rise before astronomical twilight ended, so the sky would never become fully dark. Still, as it was a clear night I decided to see how many meteors I could see. The limiting magnitude was around 5.1 before the Moon rose too high, and the Milky Way looked nice as it extended from Sagittarius, through Cygnus and towards Cassiopeia.
So I pulled up a comfortable chair and during the next 50 minutes I observed 8 meteors, 5 of them Perseids and three sporadic. The Perseids had a light yellow color and most had long trains. For example the first Perseid was visible from near the northeastern horizon to almost overhead, and was around magnitude -0.5. Other Perseids had shorter trains and varied in magnitude from around 3.0 to 0.5. One of the brightest meteors I observed was a sporadic that was visible from the eastern sky to the northeastern sky. It peaked at around magnitude -1.5 and had an orange-green color to it as it burned up in the atmosphere.
While observing the meteor shower I wondered what the Native Americans that use to inhabit this area would have thought of the Perseid meteor shower. A few hundred years ago they may have sat and watched the Milky Way, constellations, and meteor shower from the same observing site as I was doing on this night. On our time scale a few hundred years seems like a long time, yet on a cosmic time scale it would only be in a blink of an eye.
As the Moon got higher in the sky and washed out the Milky Way and meteors, I decided to get some lunar observing in. So I set the TMB 130mm f/9.25 up on its alt-az mount and began observing features in and around Mare Serenitatis, Mare Tranquillitatis, and Mare Nectaris. A number of wrinkle ridges and shallow rills were visible in Mare Serenitatis (Rukl maps #23 & #24). Wrinkle ridges were visible in Mare Tranquillitatis (Rukl maps #35 & #36) as well, as were lunar domes, and Rima (rille) Cauchy and Rupes (scarp) Cauchy. In Mare Nectaris (Rukl maps #46, #57 & #58) the flooded crater Fracastorius and the crater Piccolomini were prominent, as were the craters Theophilus, Cyrillus, and Catharina to the west of the mare. Interesting detail was visible in the Montes Alpes (Rukl maps #4 & #12) region as well.
Despite the meteor shower being cut short by the bright moonlight it was nice to be out under the starry skies again.
I was reading through one of my old astronomy log books recently and came across an observation I made of Saturn occulting a bright star on July 3rd, 1989 and thought it might be of interest to other observers. So I decided to post it here. If I come across other past observations from time to time that might be of interest to others I'll post them here also.
The star that Saturn was going to occult was 28 Sagittarii, which has a magnitude of 5.37 and is located in the constellation of Sagittarius. The star was due to traverse behind the A-Ring, B-Ring, C-Ring or Crepe Ring, and the globe of Saturn. The occultation begin around 5:57 UT when Saturn had an elevation of 23° and ended around 7:00 UT when Saturn had an elevation of 18°. At the time Saturn was just past opposition and had an equatorial diameter of 18.34" and a polar diameter of 16.37".
I used an AP 7" f/9 refractor with magnifications of 152x and 243x. The observation was handicapped somewhat by the seeing as it was quite variable, sometimes settling down to good, and other times becoming so poor that the globe of Saturn and the rings appeared to merge into one blurry image. In addition the local mosquito population was extremely hungry, in spite of the copious amounts of bug repellant that I applied.
I set up early and watched as the star grew closer to Saturn. As the star entered and traversed behind the A-Ring I was surprised to note that its brightness seemed to vary in intensity a number of times, as well as disappear behind the ring several times. This indicated that there were differences in ring thickness or density in the A-Ring.
The star was a striking sight as it shown brightly in the Cassini Division.
As the star entered and traversed behind the B-Ring its brightness varied in intensity a number of times as well, but it seemed to disappear more often than when it traversed behind the A-Ring, suggesting that the B-Ring was more dense than the A-Ring. Recent data from the Cassini spacecraft orbiting Saturn indicates that the B-Ring is the densest ring.
As the star entered and traversed behind the C-Ring or Crepe Ring its light varied in intensity, but I did not note it disappearing as it did in the A-Ring or B-Ring.
Finally as the star reached the edge of the globe it seemed to dim and brighten several times before disappearing. This indicates different belts, zones, or layers of Saturn's atmosphere.
Overall it was a very memorable observation and it helped me to learn about Saturn's ring structure and its atmosphere.
With the Moon out of the evening sky I decided to observe Comet C/2006 M4 SWAN. The limiting magnitude was around 4.9. The comet was located near gamma Bootis and through a pair of Oberwerk 11x70mm binoculars the comet had a slight green-blue color to it with a hint of a tail.
Through the TMB 105mm f/6.2 apochromatic refractor at 16x the color was more pronounced. Also the comet showed a prominent psuedonucleus with an inner coma and outer coma. A faint tail was visible and by gently rocking the telescope back and forth I was able to note that it extended about 2 degrees in length. In addition I had the impression that the tail near the coma was somewhat fan-shaped. At 21x I was able to discern that the fan-shaped tail became more steamed-lined as it extended further away from the coma.
After observing the comet I noted that the Summer Milky Way was setting in the southwestern sky so I decided to observe a few deep-sky objects. Through the telescope at 16x magnification M 24, M 17, and M 18 fit within the same field of view, and at 21x the Swan shape of M 17 became more prominent.
It has recently been reported that Comet C/2006 M4 SWAN has undergone an outburst and brightened noticeably. So I set up the TMB 105mm f/6.2 apochromatic refractor on its alt-az mount to observe it. The comet was located in Corona Borealis. There were some clouds and haze and the limiting magnitude was around 4.8. In addition the comet was only around 18° in elevation, so I found that while I could see it with the unaided eye using averted vision I could not see it using direct vision. Under better observing conditions I would expect that the comet would be visible using direct vision.
The comet showed impressive detail through the 11x70mm binoculars. For example the pseudonucleas appeared stellar, a small inner coma was visible and the outer coma was quite large. Also the tail appeared to be split into two. The tail extended approximately 4 degrees in length.
Through the TMB 105mm f/6.2 apochromatic refractor at 16x and 33x the pseudonucleas, inner and outer coma had more of a blue-green color to them. In previous observation the color was more green-blue. Also, several tails were visible. One was fan-shaped and extended off to one side of the coma. It had a striated appearance. A second tail extended straight back from the coma and appeared thicker and more streamlined. It was the longest of the three tails. There appeared to be a brighter and seperate section and of this tail near the top of the field of view, as if it had disconnected from the main tail. The third tail extended off from the other side of the coma at a 45-degree angle. It too appeared striated and was the second longest tail.
I was surprised by the amount of detail visible tonight through the binoculars and 105mm. I had observed the comet four days ago using binoculars as well as a 175mm-aperture telescope and the amount of additional detail visible tonight was very impressive. I hope other observers get the chance to observe this comet soon.
After finishing up some deep-sky observing with the TMB 130mm f/9.25 apo refractor on its alt-az mount I noted that Saturn was well placed in the eastern sky so I swung the scope over to observe it. Saturn rises around 8:00 PM now and will continue to rise earlier as it heads towards opposition on February 10th, 2007. The seeing conditions for Saturn were good at first and I was able to employ magnifications of 227x - 292x with a Baader binocular viewer. However high clouds obscured the view as time went on and reduced amount of detail visible.
The northern portion of the globe had a medium blue cast to it. The Equatorial Zone (EZ) was light yellow in color. The South Equatorial Belt (SEB) was light brown and divided into the South Equatorial Belt south (SEBs) and South Equatorial Belt north (SEBn) by the Equatorial Belt Zone which was white in color. The southern portion of the globe had a green color to it.
Saturn's rings cast a shadow onto the northern portion of the globe. This, in combination with the Crepe Ring being visible in front of the EZ, gave the rings a 3-dimensional appearance. The shadow of the globe on the rings gave the planet a 3-dimensional appearance as well. The Cassini Division was visible on the sides of the rings or ansae (the Latin word for handles), as well as in front of the globe. The Crepe Ring was visible on both sides of the globe also.
Titan, Rhea, and Tethys were visible near Saturn.
A Comet's Tail
I tried observing Comet C/2006 P1 McNaught a number of times during the first couple of weeks of January but due to cloudy skies and long hours at work was unable to.
Then when leaving work shortly after sunset on January 12th I looked up and was surprised to see that the skies were mostly clear. The forecast had been for overcast conditions so I didn't have my binoculars handy. Looking to the southwestern skies I could see Venus above a cloudbank, so headed to top 4th floor of a parking garage to see if I could locate the comet.
Unfortunately there was another cloudbank along the horizon where the comet should have been located, but a clear area between the two cloudbanks. Using Venus as a reference on where to locate the comet I carefully looked for it with the unaided eye. Several times there appeared to be an arch of light between the two clouds banks that did not look like a cloud. It appeared brighter than the orange tinged colored clouds above and below it. Not being able to see the head of the comet I wasn't sure if this was the tail of the comet or not. Shortly after this a bright green-colored meteor left a trail as flashed below Venus. A few days later I came across an image of the comet on the web. It showed clouds banks above and below the comet, but it showed the head as well as its tail. It looked exactly like what I observed except for the head, so I realized that I had indeed seen Comet McNaught, or at least its tail. Even though I didn't see the head of the comet it was neat to observe anyway and quite bright.
Although this total eclipse of the Moon favored observers in Europe and Africa, it was visible in some portions here in the States. By the time it rose above the horizon at my observing site and cleared some clouds totality had ended. So I was only able to view the partial phases but it was still a pretty sight. To the unaided eye the eclipsed portion of the Moon in the umbra had an orange color to it, while the penumbra portion was gray in color. Through a pair of Oberwerk 11x70mm binoculars the colors were more pronounced and it was interesting to watch as the Earth's shadow moved across the lunar landscape. There will be another total lunar eclipse on August 28th of this year, and on February 21st 2008.
The summer constellations are well placed in the morning skies before dawn these days, so I decided to get up early and observe some old summertime favorites as well as Jupiter. As I set up my TMB 130mm f/9.25 apo refractor on its alt-az mount I noted that the limiting magnitude around 5.6. With cool temperatures and clear skies the Milky Way was visible from Sagittarius, through Cygnus and into Cassiopeia.
First up was Jupiter, was located to the upper left of Antares. The seeing was mostly fair for the king of the planets but there was some interesting detail visible from time to time when the seeing settled down and using a magnification of between 127x - 227x. This included the South Polar Region which appeared green brown in color, and the South Equatorial Belt that appeared light brown in color. In the Equatorial Zone the Equatorial Band was visible, and there was a large festoon that extended from the southern edge of the North Equatorial Belt and connected to the Equatorial Band. The North Equatorial Belt was light brown in color and had a red barge along its northern edge. The North Polar Region was gray brown in color. Three of Jupiter's moons were visible off to one side, including Ganymede, Europa, and Io. With steadier seeing conditions the moons appeared as disks with slight differences in color.
After observing Jupiter for a while I realized there were a number of deep-sky objects I wanted to observe but only had about 35 minutes before the onset of astronomical twilight. So to save time I decided to observe them with just a TMB Paragon wide-angle eyepiece that provided a magnification of 30x. I swung the telescope over to Antares, which was a pretty orange color as always. Within the same field of view and off to one side I saw the globular cluster M 4. It showed a linear shape to its middle and I was able to resolve some of its stars. Next up was beta 2 Scorpii, a white double star that forms the upper claw of Scorpius. It too was resolved at 30x.
I moved the telescope over to Sagittarius to observe some other deep-sky objects. M 22, like M 4, is a globular cluster, however it is brighter than M 4. Like M 4 I could start to resolve stars around the edges and across the front. There was an orange colored star off to one side of M 22. As a comparison I then observed M13, another globular cluster located in Hercules. M13 appeared larger than M 22 and like M 22 some of the stars were resolved across the core and around the edges.
Back in Sagittarius I observed M 8, the Lagoon Nebula. The Lagoon Nebula is a bright nebula with open cluster NGC 6530 which has over 20 stars that are brighter than magnitude 7. M 8 gets its name from a dark lane that crosses the nebula. Through the telescope M 8 showed the dark lane between two brighter sections of nebulosity and the cluster was prominent.
M 20, the Trifid Nebula, is located near M8. It is bright nebula with two sections, a larger and brighter section that has several dark lanes and a double star near the center, and a smaller section. At 30x the larger section was visible as was the double star, and averted vision helped to bring out hints of the dark lanes. The smaller section near the bottom was not as easy to see.
M 17, the Swan Nebula, appeared to be floating upside down in a dark sea. With averted vision there was some mottling visible in the nebulosity. An orange colored star was visible off to the upper left.
M 16, the Eagle Nebula, showed a number of stars with some nebulosity.
To round out the night I observed Albireo, which is a very pretty blue and yellow colored double star located in Cygnus.
After finishing observing with the telescope I sat back and admired the star-filled sky. It was nice to observe again. Also it was interesting to listen to the sounds of nature, for the owls that had been calling out to each other during the night had begun to give way to morning birds singing as astronomical twilight came up.
With clear skies and a limiting magnitude around 5.5 ~ 5.6 I decided to observe Venus, Saturn, and some deep-sky objects with the TMB 130mm f/9.25 apo refractor on its alt-az mount. First up was Venus which at magnitude -4.1 appeared dazzling bright at 128x. The seeing wasn't very good for the planet but even so its 66% phase was well resolved and there were some dusky markings along the terminator.
It has been a while since I last had the opportunity to observe Saturn and it appeared very pretty through the telescope at 128x. The seeing was much better for Saturn, so I was gradually able to increase the magnification to 292x. The South Polar Region had a small round "cap" to it which had a slight green color. The South Tropical Zone was tan in color, and the South Equatorial Belt, south (SEBs), and South Equatorial Belt, north (SEBn) were light brown in color. The South Equatorial Belt Zone (SEBz) was visible between the SEBs and SEBn. The Equatorial Zone appeared light yellow in color. The North Polar Region (NPR) had a light blue color to it.
The A-Ring appeared darker then B-Ring, and the Cassini Division was visible on both sides of the globe. The C-Ring was visible on both sides of the globe also, and was visible in front of the planet. The rings cast a shadow on the NPR, and with Saturn was near quadrature, the shadow of the globe on the rings was very noticeable. This gave the planet a pronounced 3D appearance. Four moons were visible near Saturn, including Rhea, Dione, Tethys, and Titan. This was one of the nicest views of Saturn I have had in a long while. I wish I had this kind of seeing more often.
Next I moved the telescope over to observe V Boo, a variable star in the constellation Bootes. At 30x this star was very pretty with reddish-orange color.
With Coma Berenices well placed in the sky I decided to observe some deep-sky objects in it. The first one was NGC 4559, which is a galaxy with a magnitude 10.0. Through the telescope at 30x it appeared faint and oval in shape. At 50x it appeared more comma shaped and with averted vision there appeared to be one or two dark circular lanes near the center. Two stars were visible near one end of the galaxy.
NGC 4565 is a galaxy near NGC 4559 with a magnitude of 10.3. At 30x it appears as an elongated spindle of light. At 50x it appears larger and brighter. With averted vision a brighter bulge was visible near the center along the top of the galaxy with perhaps a star-like nucleus to it. Also there was a hint of dark dust lane across its center.
M 53 is a globular cluster with a magnitude of 7.6. At 30x the cluster showed a concentrated core and some of the stars were resolved. At 86x the cluster was better resolved.
M 64, the Black Eye galaxy appeared relatively large and bright with an oval shape at 30x and a brighter central region. At 50x the galaxy appeared more elongated with a star-like nucleus, a brighter inner region and a fainter outer region. At 86x with averted vision there was a hint of the dark dust lane that gives this galaxy its nickname. I almost felt that I was looking across the plane of the galaxy.
After observing M 64 it was time to call it a night. I had observed for about three hours and would have liked to stay out longer but it was a work night so it was time to pack it in. As I started to take down my telescope I noted that Jupiter was rising in the southeastern sky while Venus was setting in the northwestern sky. When I first set the telescope up the stars of fall and winter were setting in the western sky, and by the end of the observing session the stars of spring were overhead while the stars of summer were rising in the eastern sky. It felt like the sky was in a state of transition, as we sometimes feel about our own lives.
I set up the TMB 130mm f/9.25 apo refractor on its alt-az mount to observe galaxies in Virgo. This included Markarian's Chain, which is an arc of galaxies in the central region of the Virgo Cluster. The limiting magnitude was around 5.1 ~ 5.2.
I began by star hopping from epsilon Virginis to M 59 and M 60. At 30x through my telescope both of these galaxies fit into the same field of view (FOV), with M 60 appearing larger and brighter than M 59. Both are elliptical galaxies, and M 59 at 60x and 75x has a star-like nucleus with a circular core that than becomes elongated on both ends. M 60 appears more circular in shape and has also a star-like nucleus. NGC 4647 is a spiral galaxy and located next to M 60. It is smaller and fainter than M 59. At low power the M 60 and NGC 4647 appear to be in contact with each other, reminding me of a smaller version of M 51.
M 58, a barred spiral galaxy, is an easy star hop from M 59 and M60, as it is roughly on a line from these galaxies. It appears smaller than both of them do, and slightly brighter than M 59. Through the telescope at 60x and 75x it has a star-like nucleus with an oval shape that becomes fainter near its edges.
M 89 is a galaxy located above M 58, and appears smaller than M58. It appears oval in shape with a star-like nucleus at 60x and 75x.
M 90 is a spiral galaxy located above M 89, and appears larger and brighter than M 89. At 60x and 75x it appears elongated with a brighter central area and star-like nucleus.
It was getting late and I had to get up early the next day so I decided to continue my observations, including Markarian's Chain, on another night. Before packing up I took a took a quick look at M 13, M 57, and Jupiter. At 30x the stars in M 13 were nicely resolved across the core and around the edges, and at 60x the stars were mostly resolved. M 57 at 30x was resolved as a ring with and its darker inner portion was prominent, and at 60x the ends of the ring appeared elongated.
Jupiter was low in the southwestern sky and at 30x the North and South Polar Regions were visible, as were the North and South Equatorial Belts. Also Jupiter appeared to have five bright moons near it, one of them being a bright star in the background that just happened to be above one of the Jovian moons.
I observed the passage of the International Space Station (ISS) and Space Shuttle Atlantis using the unaided eye and a pair of Oberwerk 11x70mm binoculars. The ISS and Atlantis were to pass from the northwestern sky to the southeastern sky. While waiting for them to appear I looked to the western sky and noted that the crescent Moon, Regulus, Saturn, and Venus formed a line. Next week on June 30th Saturn and Venus will be within a degree of each other and will be an interesting sight with the unaided eye, binoculars, or telescope.
The ISS and Atlantis appeared low in the northwestern sky and gradually grew brighter as they got higher in the sky. The ISS appeared brighter than Atlantis and had a somewhat of a yellow or gold color to it while Atlantis appeared white in color. Through the binoculars I did not note any detail on Atlantis, unlike in February 15, 2000 when I observed the passage of the Space Shuttle Endeavor using a pair of binoculars and saw a radar boom and radar that extended off of its side. However the ISS did not have a smooth shape to it as Atlantis did.
The ISS and Atlantis passed below the bowl of the Big Dipper and the ISS passed between the end of the Dipper handle and Arcturus. The ISS seemed to temporarily take the place of Arcturus as a guide to Spica from the old astronomy saying "Arc to Arcturus and speed onto Spica". As the ISS and Atlantis continued towards the southeastern sky the ISS seemed brighter than Jupiter.


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March 12, 1969 – Montreal, Quebec
April 21, 2018 – Calgary , Alberta
It is with tremendous sadness and grief, the family of Graham Joseph Leduke announces his passing on April 21, 2018, at the age of 49 after a year and a half long battle with cancer.
Graham will forever be loved and cherished by his best friend and wife of 28 years, Shauna; and his pride and joy – his children: son Tyler and daughter Riley. He will be missed and always loved by his mother Heather (Ken) Russell, father Joe Leduke (Carol Hurley); big brother Glenn Leduke (Mary-Anne Gauthier); parents-in-law William and Barbara van Weenen, sister-in-law Angela van Weenen and her son Ethan.
Above everything else, family was the most important thing to Graham. He lived every day of his life with the sole purpose of making sure his wife and kids were happy and laughing and were supported, encouraged and deeply loved.
So many others – aunts, cousins and extended family, lifelong friends as well as work friends from PDS (Caltrax), DW Gill Supply, and Suncor will never forget Graham and the life he lived and shared with them.
Graham leaves a legacy of kindness and laughter that will be remembered by all who came in contact with him.
"….Jesus told him, Don't be afraid; just believe." (Mark 5:36)
Funeral Services will be held at McINNIS & HOLLOWAY (Eastside, 5388 Memorial Drive N.E., Calgary, AB) on Saturday, April 28, 2018 at 2:00 P.M. Reception to follow at the funeral home . Condolences may be forwarded through www.mcinnisandholloway.com. If friends so desire, memorial tributes may be made directly to the Canadian Cancer Society, 200 – 325 Manning Rd. N.E., Calgary, AB T2E 2P5 Telephone: (403) 205-3966, email email@example.com.
In living memory of Graham Leduke, a tree will be planted at Fish Creek Provincial Park by McINNIS & HOLLOWAY FUNERAL HOMES, Airdrie, 300 TOWERLANE DRIVE, AIRDRIE, AB. Telephone: 403-948-1100.
Offer Condolence for the family of LEDUKE, Graham JosephPrint This Obituary & Condolences


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Most things we write come out of a moment of enthusiasm
We are more concerned with our children's education than ever, but do not give them the space to learn.
My generation is the most and least apathetic generation thus far.
My generation has more options than ever in choosing their life path, but are still choosing the same paths as the previous people.
My generation does not have direction or passion.
Our parents are faced with the balance of protecting us from every struggle and letting us discover the world in all its unjust glory, and usually err on the former. My generation has suffered and our parents are not to blame.
My generation has too much freedom and not enough common sense.
My generation is too narrow minded and too forward thinking.
My generation is so self-less it is cruel to our souls.
Our society is self-serving.
Our society has the most avenues for finding self-fulfilling happiness and the highest rate of depression and mental illness.
Our society is materialistic and our inner children are choking on it.
Our society is extreme.
This is a paradox and a contradiction.
Please feel free to discuss in the comments or post a link to your responding blog post.
too true


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2008 here we come!!! I can't believe 2007 went so fast. This time last year Kevin was starting his new job position within the company he works for and we were preparing to move to Kansas. It was a bitter sweet decision. The move would bring us closer together as a family but take us away from an extended family and church we loved dearly and miss every day. Evansville, IN became our home and we will hold it in a special place in our hearts. Hopefully we will get back there someday. It would be an answer to prayer. I do have to say that God had provided for us here in Kansas. We found a great house in a great neighborhood with great schools. He also lead me to some great friends. Especially Emily. She invited me to MOPS (mothers of preschooler), where I have met some great women. I have faith God will continue to provide for us in leading us to a church family. All in his time. We have been so blessed.
The girls have grown in the past year. Aundrea turned 5 last February and Cassie turned 1 in August. It has been an adjustment for us all, especially Aundrea, with Cassie as she has learned to walk and how to get into Aundrea's stuff. (aundrea is now keeping her door shut so cassie can not get in to make a mess that aundrea has to clean up.) Over all they get along great. We love to watch them play together. Don't get me wrong, they do have their moments but I try to focus on the good stuff. Aundrea loves Kindergarten. She has learned so much. Her writing has improved and I can't believe she is starting to read and she is only in kindergarten. They grow up so fast. Cassie keeps us laughing. I can't wait to hear what she has to say ( when she finally talks) it will be so funny. She loves to dance, climb into things and be with her Daddy as much as possible. I don't blame her he is pretty cool!!
How was your New Year's Eve! We just stayed in. The last time we were out for NYE was way before the girls came along. We let the girls stay up. Cassie went to bed about 9 pm and Aundrea made it till 10:30pm. Kevin and I watched the ball drop on the tv at 11pm then went to bed. We love living in the central time zone. Everything is an hour earlier.
I did get creative as the girls played. I found the let it snow wood piece at Michael's $ spot. I thought it would be fun to alter. It was already painted blue. I added the white dots with paint, blue rub on snowflakes (by heidi grace, hard to see in the pic) and the white "dress it up" snowflakes ( i added glitter, hard to see in pic), crystal stickers and white ribbon. I think it turned out pretty cute. Kevin asked what am I going to do with it? I don't know, I just had fun playing. I never altered anything till I moved here. Emily has inspired me to do so much more than cards and scrapbooking. Check her out, you won't be disappointed. (she is getting ready to move in 2 weeks so she is going to be pretty busy with that) I hope to do more creative things this year.
Thanks for looking.
Have a healthy, safe and Happy New Year!!!!


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HOME UtilitiesText Search and Replace Tools MessagEase Fast Text Entry System 4.2 Download
MessagEase is the fastest and most ergonomic text entry system for the Palm PDA. Its keyboard may look strange to you, but once you're familiar with it, you'll be entering text faster than Graffiti and the QWERTY keyboard. Guranateed! This free tool is not crippled and will never expire!Read our reviews; visit our website; download MessagEase; and judge it for yourself! Also available are MessagEaseST (see its review at www.geek.com!) a powerful keyboard for your Graffiti area, and MessagEaseKB (keyboard) an optional replacement for your Palm QWERTY keyboard (also free!). MessagEase sports an ingenious new keyboard design, making it easy and intuitive to enter not only letters, but also numbers and ALL special characters quickly and accurately. Every character is entered with a tap or adrag. MessagEase also provides you with 200 clipboards! You can store and recall texts of any length to and from these clipboards independently. MessagEase's keyboard has only 11 large keys for entering characters either by a tap or a drag. Since these keys are larger --much larger than QWERTY keys--they are easier and more accurate to target. And since the letter arrangements is frequency based, most of the time you'll be tapping these large keys. MessagEase technology is the result of two diligent man-years of research. This application includes a game to help you learn the letter pattern and to speed up your text entry. It takes about 15 minutes to become familiar with MessagEase's keyboard. Another 15-30 minutes will enable you to enter text 2-3 times faster than Graffiti. MessagEase supports ALL characters found on a regular computer keyboard with a single drag of the stylus. It also supports all 220 ASCII characters.
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A Fraserburgh family have been celebrated for rehoming four rescue horses as part of one charity's Rehome a Horse month.
Mary and Alistair Doran have been congratulated by World Horse Welfare for taking in four horses, Hamilton, Solo, Rags and Laird, since 2007.
Mary said: "Each horse has their own unique personality and it's been so rewarding to see them all grow and develop in their time here.
She added: ""Rehoming a horse from World Horse Welfare not only means that you are giving them a new lease of life but also makes space for the thousands of other horses and ponies who need the charity's help.
"They really make it feel like home and I am so happy to have them in my life.
World Horse Welfare is an international horse charity that tries to improve the lives of horses in the UK and further afield through education, campaigning and hands-on care of horses.
Tony Tyler, World Horse Welfare Deputy Chief Executive, said: "We are delighted to see the public's greater interest in rehoming which is so important to the sustainability of our work in helping horses.


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Arts And Crafts Front Door
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As noun
the quality, production, expression, or realm, according to aesthetic principles, of what is beautiful, appealing, or of more than ordinary significance
the class of objects subject to aesthetic criteria; works of art collectively, as paintings, sculptures, or drawings: a museum of art;an art collection
See also fine art, commercial art
a field, genre, or category of art:Dance is an art
the fine arts collectively, often excluding architecture:art and architecture
any field using the skills or techniques of art: advertising art;industrial art
a branch of learning or university study, especially one of the fine arts or the humanities, as music, philosophy, or literature: She was adept at the arts of music and painting;I've always felt an affinity towards the visual arts, though I studied art of philosophy
(used with a singular verb) the humanities, as distinguished from the sciences and technical fields: a college of arts and sciences
(used with a plural verb) liberal arts: Faculty of Arts
skill in conducting any human activity: a master at the art of conversation;From my mother, I learned the art of perfectly cooked pasta
Synonyms: knack, facility, technical skill, skillfulness, know-how
the principles or methods governing any craft or branch of learning: the art of baking;the art of selling
Synonyms: craft, technique, skill; procedure, method, way; fine points, subtleties
the craft, trade, or profession using these principles or methods
See also term of art
skilled workmanship, execution, or agency, as distinguished from nature
trickery; cunning:glib and devious art
Synonyms: craftiness, guile, slyness, wiliness, artfulness, intrigue, machination, scheming
studied action; artificiality in behavior
Synonyms: deceit, deception, duplicity, imposture, falsehood
Antonyms: frankness, candor, openness, artlessness, ingenuousness, sincerity; truthfulness, honesty
an artifice or artful device:the innumerable arts and wiles of politics
Synonyms: contrivance, scheme, trick, tactic, stratagem, maneuver; subterfuge, ruse, dodge, feint, wile
(in printed matter) illustrative or decorative material:Is there any art with the copy for this story?
science, learning, or scholarship
As Verb phrases
art up, to improve the aesthetic quality of (something) through some form of art: This dress is so plain, it could use some arting up
I had an interior designer art up my apartment
As conjunction
(used to connect grammatically coordinate words, phrases, or clauses) along or together with; as well as; in addition to; besides; also; moreover:pens and pencils
added to; plus: and are
then:He read for an hour and went to bed
also, at the same time:to sleep and dream
then again; repeatedly:He coughed and coughed
(used to imply different qualities in things having the same name):There are bargains and bargains, so watch out
(used to introduce a sentence, implying continuation) also; then:And then it happened
to (used between two finite verbs):Try and do it
Call and see if she's home yet
(used to introduce a consequence or conditional result):He felt sick and decided to lie down for a while
Say one more word about it and I'll scream
but; on the contrary:He tried to run five miles and couldn't
They said they were about to leave and then stayed for two more hours
(used to connect alternatives):He felt that he was being forced to choose between his career and his family
(used to introduce a comment on the preceding clause):They don't like each other—and with good reason
if:and you please
Compare an
As noun
an added condition, stipulation, detail, or particular:He accepted the job, no ands or buts about it
conjunction (def b)
As Idioms
and so forth, and the like; and others; et cetera:We discussed traveling, sightseeing, and so forth
and so on, and more things or others of a similar kind; and the like:It was a summer filled with parties, picnics, and so on
As noun, plural crafts or for , , craft
an art, trade, or occupation requiring special skill, especially manual skill:the craft of a mason
skill; dexterity:The silversmith worked with great craft
skill or ability used for bad purposes; cunning; deceit; guile
the members of a trade or profession collectively; a guild
a ship or other vessel
a number of ships or other vessels taken as a whole:The craft were warned of possible heavy squalls
aircraft collectively
a single aircraft
As verb (used with object)
to make or manufacture (an object, objects, product, etc
) with skill and careful attention to detail
As noun
the foremost part or surface of anything
the part or side of anything that faces forward:the front of a jacket
the part or side of anything, as a building, that seems to look out or to be directed forward:He sat in the front of the restaurant
any side or face, as of a building
a façade, considered with respect to its architectural treatment or material:a cast-iron front
a property line along a street or the like:a fifty-foot front
a place or position directly before anything:We decided to plant trees in the front
a position of leadership in a particular endeavor or field:She rose to the front of her profession
the foremost line or part of an army
a line of battle
the place where combat operations are carried on
an area of activity, conflict, or competition:news from the business front
land facing a road, river, etc
a promenade along a seashore
a distinguished person listed as an official of an organization, for the sake of prestige, and who is usually inactive
a person or thing that serves as a cover or disguise for some other activity, especially one of a secret, disreputable, or illegal nature; a blind:The store was a front for foreign agents
outward impression of rank, position, or wealth
bearing or demeanor in confronting anything:a calm front
haughtiness; self-importance:That clerk has the most outrageous front
the forehead, or the entire face:the statue's gracefully chiseled front
a coalition or movement to achieve a particular end, usually political:the people's front
something attached or worn at the breast, as a shirt front or a dickey:to spill gravy down one's front
an interface or zone of transition between two dissimilar air masses
the auditorium
the business offices of a theater
the front of the stage; downstage
As adjective
of or relating to the front
situated in or at the front:front seats
(of a speech sound) articulated with the tongue blade relatively far forward in the mouth, as the sounds of lay
As verb (used with object)
to have the front toward; face:Our house fronts the lake
to meet face to face; confront
to face in opposition, hostility, or defiance
to furnish or supply a front to:to front a building with sandstone
to serve as a front to:A long, sloping lawn fronted their house
to provide an introduction to; introduce:a recorded message that is fronted with a singing commercial
to lead (a jazz or dance band)
to articulate (a speech sound) at a position farther front in the mouth
to move (a constituent) to the beginning of a clause or sentence
As verb (used without object)
to have or turn the front in some specified direction:Our house fronts on the lake
to serve as a cover or disguise for another activity, especially something of a disreputable or illegal nature:The shop fronts for a narcotics ring
As interjection
(used to call or command someone to come, look, etc
, to the front, as in an order to troops on parade or in calling a hotel bellboy to the front desk):Front and center, on the double!
As Idioms
in front, in a forward place or position:Sit down, you in front!
in front of, ahead of: to walk in front of a moving crowd
outside the entrance of: to wait in front of a house
in the presence of: to behave badly in front of company
out front, outside the entrance: He's waiting out front
ahead of competitors: This advertising campaign ought to put our business way out front
in the audience or auditorium
candidly; frankly: Say what you mean out front
up front, Informal
in advance; before anything else: You'll have to make a payment of $, up front
frank; open; direct: I want you to be up front with me
As noun
a movable, usually solid, barrier for opening and closing an entranceway, cupboard, cabinet, or the like, commonly turning on hinges or sliding in grooves
a doorway:to go through the door
the building, house, etc
, to which a door belongs:My friend lives two doors down the street
any means of approach, admittance, or access:the doors to learning
any gateway marking an entrance or exit from one place or state to another:at heaven's door
As Idioms
lay at someone's door, to hold someone accountable for; blame; impute
leave the door open, to allow the possibility of accommodation or change; be open to reconsideration:The boss rejected our idea but left the door open for discussing it again next year
lie at someone's door, to be the responsibility of; be imputable to:One's mistakes often lie at one's own door
show someone the door, to request or order someone to leave; dismiss:She resented his remark and showed him the door
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