text:
Possible Protective Effect of Pumpkin Seed Oil against Sodium Nitrite in Rats; A Biochemical and Genetic Study
Ali DM1, Abdelzaher WY2*,
1 Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt.
2 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt.
*Corresponding Author
Dr. Walaa Yehia Abdelzaher,
Pharmacology department, Faculty of Medicine,
Minia University 6111, Egypt.
E-mail: email@example.com
Received: February 23, 2017; Accepted: March 22, 2017; Published: March 27, 2017
Citation: Ali DM, Abdelzaher WY (2017) Possible Protective Effect of Pumpkin Seed Oil against Sodium Nitrite in Rats; A Biochemical and Genetic Study. Int J Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 6(2), 262-269. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2167-910X-1700044
Copyright: Abdelzaher WY© 2017. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Objective: The aim of our study was to test the protective effect of pumpkin seed oil against sodium nitrite toxicity in rats.
Methods: Forty eight adult male albino rats were divided into 4 groups. The rats were administered daily 100 mg/kg/day sodium nitrite in presence/absence of 1.5 ml/kg/day pumpkin seed oil for 5 weeks.
Results: The results indicated that sodium nitrite induced oxidative stress, lipids profile disorders, DNA damage and chromosomal abnormalities. The pumpkin seed oil has antioxidant effect; it improved levels of total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and lipids profile. It also has antimutagenic effect; it decreased the DNA damage and structural chromosomal abnormalities.
Conclusion: Pumpkin seed oil can ameliorate the toxic effects induced by sodium nitrite.
3.Materials and Methods
3.1 Chemicals
3.2 Animals
3.3 Experimental Procedures
3.4 Biochemical Analysis
3.5 Preparation of Tissue Homogenates
4.1 Biochemical Analysis
4.2 DNA with comet assay
4.3 Chromosomal Aberrations
Chromosomal Aberrations, DNA Damage; Pumpkin Seed Oil; Sodium Nitrite.
Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is an inorganic compound, slightly yellowish crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water. Its chemical formula is NaNO2. It is used in many industries such as rubber chemicals, in photography, bleaching fibers, dyeing and printing textile fabrics, as a corrosion inhibitor and a laboratory reagent [1]. It has been reported that Sodium nitrite has many medical uses as in pulmonary hypertension [2], myocardial infarction [3] and as an antidote for cyanide poisoning [4], an intestinal relaxant [5] and a bronchial dilator [6].
It is also one of the common food additives in preserving of refrigerated meats and meat products to prevent botulism by inhibition of iron-sulfur clusters and hence inhibiting the growth of Clostridium botulinum spores in preserved meats. It also prevents rancidity by inhibition of lipid peroxidation [7].
Nitrate and nitrite can be found in soil from oxidation of ammonia which results from decomposition of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers and organic nitrogenous wastes. Then, the plants absorb nitrite from soil during their growth. Nitrite can also be formed in distribution pipes of drinking water by action of Nitrosomonas bacteria in stagnant water or by chloramination of water [8].
Humans are continuously exposed to NaNO2 from different sources. In general, vegetables and cured meat are considered the major sources of nitrate and nitrite in the diet. The daily intake of nitrite in human is about 0.3 to 2.6 mg/day, mainly from meat products [9]. Although NaNO2 is used in inhibition of bacterial growth, its high amounts result in human toxicity. Sodium nitrite's LD50 in rats is 180 mg/kg and its human LD50 is 71 mg/kg that means consumption of 4.615 g for 65 kg person lead to death. [10].
Nitrite oxidizes heme iron from ferrous to ferric state leading to methemoglobinemia which results in deficiency of oxygen available to body tissues [11]. Other toxic effect of NaNO2 is contributed to its conversion into the body to nitrosonium ions which reacts with amines and amides of the foods in the stomach to produce nitrosamines and nitrosamides respectively [12]. These compounds lead to lipid peroxidation and cause oxidative stress, which are risky to different organs in the body [13]. It has been reported that Diethylnitrosamine produce free radicals in the rat liver tissue [14].
Many cases of toxicities or even death in humans and animals from nitrate and nitrite have been reported [15-17]. Hence, efforts for reduction of nitrite level in the environment are essential for protection of human health.
The pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) is a common conventional food in many countries. It has been recognized since16th century. Pumpkin seeds contain about 42 to 54% oil. Pumpkin seed oil is strong dichromatic viscous oil. It is chemically characterized by Procida et al., Rezig et al., and Stevenson et al., [18-20]. 98% of pumpkin seed oil is fatty acids (mainly; linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid). It has high amounts of antioxidant vitamins as α- and γ-tocoferol, β carotene and vitamin E [20]. Pumpkin seed oil also contains phenolic compounds such as vanillic acid, tyrosol and vanillin and high levels of selenium and lutein [21]. In comparison to other seed oil, it is rich in squalene which is a carbon organic compound that has many commercial uses [22]. It is an affluent source of phytosterols and proteins [23].
Presence of all these constituents in pumpkin seed oil, clarify their useful and valuable effects to human health. Nowadays, it is used in treatment of many diseases as diabetes [24], hypertension, hypercholesterolemia [25], symptomatic micturition disorders [26] and arthritis [27]. Elfiky et al., has reported that pumpkin has anti-mutagenic activities [28]. Moreover, it has anticancerous effect due to presence of Lipoxygenases' inhibitors which has antiproliferative action [29].
The aim of the present study was to test the role of pumpkin seed oil in prevention and/or reduction of toxicity associated with oxidative stress induced by NaNO2 after chronic administration in adult male albino rats.
Sodium nitrite was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA) and was applied as a freshly prepared solution. Pumpkin seed oil was purchased from Nutra Manufacturing, Inc, USA and was applied as oil. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (Biodiagnostic, Egypt), Cholesterol kit (Biomed diagnostic, Egypt), Triglycerides kit (Biodiagnostic, Egypt), HDL kit (Spectrum, Egypt).
Forty eight adult healthy male Wistar albino rats weighing 180-200 gm, were purchased from the National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt. Rats were used after one week for proper acclimatization to the animal house conditions (12 h lighting cycle , 25 ± 2°C temperature and 45 ± 5% humidity) and had free access to standard rodent chow; drinking water and specific rats chow diet (obtained from El-Nile Company for chow and chicken). Procedures involving animals and their care were conducted in conformity with the protocols of the Research Advisory Ethical Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt.
The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 rats in each one:
Group I (control group): was received the standard diet only without any treatment.
Group II (pumpkin seed oil group): was received the standard diet with pumpkin seed oil at a dose of 1.5 ml/kg b.w. (body weight)/ day, according to Eraslan et al., [30].
Group III (sodium nitrite group): was received the standard diet with sodium nitrite at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w./day, according to Sumi and Miyakawa; Abuharfeil et al., [31, 32].
Group IV (treated group): was received the standard diet with sodium nitrite and pumpkin seed oil with the same previous doses. Sodium nitrite and pumpkin seed oil were given orally by gastric tube. The medications were given for a period of 5 weeks. Pumpkin seed oil was administered 6 hours after Sodium nitrite. The experimental protocol was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee at the department of pharmacology, Faculty of medicine, Minia University.
At the end of the experimental period, 6 rats / group were injected with 0.5 mg/kg of 0.5% colichicine intraperitoneally 2 hours prior to sacrifing the animals to arrest the mitotic division at metaphase stage to investigate chromosomal abnormalities. All rats were anesthetized with ether and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Two blood samples were suitably collected after scarification from each rat (6 non dosed colichicine rats) one for biochemical analysis and the other for comet assay. The whole liver and heart were dissected out. Bone marrow cells were collected from both femur of each rat (6 IP dosed colichicine rats) by aspiration.
The blood samples were centrifuged (centrifuge Jantezki, T30, Germany) at 4000g for 10 minutes for serum collection. Sera were separated and freezed at -80°C until biochemical analysis. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum lipids profile (cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein (HDL)) were determined using colorimetric assay kit according to the manufacturer`s instructions. Malondialdhyde (MDA) level as an indicator of lipid peroxidation was determined using the thiobarbituric acid method as described by Buege and Aust who measured the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration [33].
Specimens from liver and heart were homogenized separately in phosphate buffer solution (prepared by dissolving 8.01g NaCl, 0.20g KCl, 1.78g Na2HPO4, 2H2O and 0.27g KH2PO4 in 1 liter of distilled water and pH was adjusted at 7.4) using homogenizer (Tri-R Stir-R homogenizer, Tri-R Instruments, Inc., Rockville Centre, NY). The ratio of tissue weight to homogenization buffer was 1:5. The homogenates were centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. The resulting supernatant was kept at -80°c until assessment of cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL levels.
DNA damage with comet assay: The comet assay can identify low levels of DNA damage in tissue samples either in vivo or in vitro (any type of cells) and can evaluate the protective effect of antioxidants/micronutrients to the genetic material [34].
The comet assay under alkaline conditions was done as described by Singh et al., [35] with some modifications according to Grover et al., [36]. Briefly, The cell were embedded in agarose coated slide, their lysis in alkaline buffer 1 hour at 4ºC in dark, alkaline DNA unwinding occur, and finally electrophoresis at 25 V/ 300 mA for 30 minutes. Wash with neutralization buffer and staining with ethidium bromide. The extent of DNA damage was measured by quantitative method; measuring the tail length to measure DNA damage [37].
Chromosomal aberrations: Chromosome preparation from somatic cells (bone marrow cells) was performed as described by Alder [38]. Femoral bone marrow cells were collected in physiological saline solution (0.9%) sodium chloride and centrifuged at 1200 RPM at 10 minutes. After centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded and potassium chloride solution 0.56% was added to the sediment as hypotonic solution and incubator at 37°C for 30 minutes. The cells were fixed in cold fixative (3:1 methyl alcohol: glacial acetic acid). Centrifugation and fixation were done for three times. Few drops of cell suspension were dropped on clean cold slide which was dropped in 70% ethanol. Alcohol was burnt on a burner to dry the slide.
After complete drying, slides were stained in 10% Geimsa stain in Sorenson buffer for 30 minutes. 50 metaphase for each animal was examined and structural chromosomal aberrations were recorded.
Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (S.D.) of mean. The collected data was coded, tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program software version 20.
The differences among treated groups were performed by oneway ANOVA test followed by Tukey - Kramar post hoc test for multiple comparisons. The difference of mean was considered statistically significant at a value of P < 0.05.
Statistical analysis of serum TAC and MDA level are presented in Table 1. Sodium nitrite group showed significant reduction in serum TAC level that was associated with significant increase in MDA level as compared with control group. The pumpkin seed oil significantly prevented the effect of sodium nitrite; the treated group showed no significant differences in serum TAC and MDA levels with the control group. The pumpkin seed oil group showed slight changes in the levels of TAC and MDA but with no significant differences with the control group.
Lipid profile parameters in serum, liver and heart of the different groups are presented in Table 2, 3 and 4. Sodium nitrite caused significant increase in the levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, however, the level of HDL cholesterol showed significant reduction as compared to the normal control group in serum, liver and heart. Meanwhile, significant reductions in the levels of triglycerides and cholesterol with a significant increase in HDL were recorded in rats treated with pumpkin seed oil either alone or in combination with sodium nitrite as compared to sodium nitrite group in serum, liver and heart.
Table 2. Effect of Sodium Nitrite and Pumpikin Oil and Their Combination on Total Cholesterol in Serum, Heart and Liver in Rats.
Table 3. Effect of Sodium Nitrite and Pumpikin Oil and Their Combination on Triglycerides in Serum, Heart and Liver in Rats.
Table 4. Effect of Sodium Nitrite and Pumpikin Oil and Their Combination on HDL in Serum, Heart and Liver in Rats.
Our experiment revealed significant increase in the tail length of DNA by comet assay in the sodium nitrite group as compared to the control group. Pumpkin seed oil treatment significantly reduce DNA damage, the treated group showed significant reduction in the DNA damage as compared with the sodium nitrite group but still significantly differ from the control group. Administration of Pumpkin seed oil alone had no significant changes in the tail length of DNA in comparison to the control group (Table 5) and (Figure 1).
Table 5. The Tail Length of DNA by Comet Assay in Sodium Nitrite and Pumpikin Oil and Their Combination Groups in Rats.
Figure 1. a: Tail length of DNA by comet assay of group I (control group). b: Tail length of DNA by comet assay of group II (pumpkin seed oil group). c: Tail length of DNA by comet assay of group III (sodium nitrite group). d: Tail length of DNA by comet assay of group IV (treated group).
We examined the genotoxic effect of sodium nitrite after oral administration of 100 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks on the examined cells taken from the bone marrow of the rats. The observed structural chromosomal abnormalities in the examined cells were gap, break, fragments, deletion and end to end (Figure 2). The mean values ± SD of the frequency of structural chromosomal aberrations are presented in Table 6.
Figure 2. a: Normal metaphase spread from rat bone marrow of control group. b: metaphase spread from rat bone marrow of sodium nitrite intoxicated group showing gap. c: metaphase spread from rat bone marrow of sodium nitrite intoxicated group showing fragment. d: metaphase spread from rat bone marrow of sodium nitrite intoxicated group showing break. e: metaphase spread from rat bone marrow of sodium nitrite intoxicated group showing deletion. f: metaphase spread from rat bone marrow of sodium nitrite intoxicated group showing end to end.
Table 6. Structural Chromosomal Aberrations in the Examined Cells Taken from the Bone Marrow in Sodium Nitrite and Pumpikin Oil and their Combination Groups in Rats.
The data in Table 6 shows that NaNO2 induced a significant increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in rats as compared to the control group. Sodium nitrite treated with pumpkin seed oil showed significant reduction in chromosomal aberrations in comparison to the sodium nitrite group but still significantly higher than the control group. No significant changes in the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in the group administered pumpkin seed oil alone in comparable to the control group.
Nitrite is a common contaminant present in natural water and the atmosphere [39]. It is also an essential antimicrobial food additive that prevents the growth of botulinum toxin and inhibits rancidity during food storage [7]. Nitrite is introduced to the environment from agricultural sources, the mishandling of inorganic fertilizers with the misuse of our natural resources that resulting in the disturbance of nitrogen cycles [1].
The biochemical analysis in the present study was done to investigate the oxidative stress induced by sodium nitrite after administration of 100 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks and evaluate the protective effect of pumpkin seed oil as an antioxidant. The results revealed significant decrease in the serum TAC level accompanied with significant increase in the serum MDA level in the sodium nitrite group as compared to the control group. Our result is in agreement with previous studies [40, 41]. Krishnamoorthy and Sangeetha revealed alteration in the level of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes after oral administration of sodium nitrite (300 mg/kg) for 30 days [42]. They contributed the cytotoxic effect of nitrite to the formation of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite from the nitrite. The peroxynitrite is a powerful oxidant that leads to oxidation of thiol groups and causes peroxidation. Patsoukis and Georgiou recorded that sodium nitrite generates free radicals in high levels that the cellular defense system cannot compensate and lead to oxidative stress and lipids peroxidation [43].
On the other hand, the treated group showed significant increase in the TAC level and reduction in the MDA level as compared with sodium nitrite group while there were no significant differences with the control group. The previous result indicates that pumpkin seed oil has antioxidant and antiradical effects which is in accordance with Xanthopoulou et al., and Nkosi et al., [44, 45].
This finding could be attributed to the composition of pumpkin seed oil. It is recognized that, vitamin E [46] and phenolic compounds [21] bind to free radicals and so inhibit the cell membrane oxidation and occurrence of lipid peroxidation. Also, the phytosterols have antioxidant activity and they can reduce LDL-cholesterol which leads to reduction of the lipid peroxidation [22]. Selenium in the pumpkin seed oil is included in the structure of GSH-Px enzyme which is directly incorporated in its antioxidant activity [47].
Squalene is composed of a high level of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons that prevent oxidation of body lipids and has antioxidant activity against unsaturated fatty acids [23]. Furthermore, the essential fatty acids have inhibitory action on the cyclooxygenase pathway, and this assists in the antioxidant defense system [44].
The serum TAC and MDA levels in the pumpkin seed oil group showed minimal changes but did not differ significantly from the control group. This indicates that pumpkin seed oil does not affect the antioxidant defense system. It has been suggested that, the changes observed in the measured enzymes activity may be due to the action of pumpkin seed oil for elimination of free radicals under normal conditions [48].
Our results revealed significant increase in levels of cholesterol and triglycerides and decrease in level of HDL are in accordance with many previous investigators. Sherif and Al-Gayyar revealed significant increase in serum cholesterol, triglycerides after 12 weeks of sodium nitrite treatment (80 mg/kg) [7]. Moreover, previous investigators reported slight elevation of total cholesterol levels, and decrease of HDL-c concentration after high dietary nitrite [49, 50].
On the other hand, our results are in contrast with Helal et al., who revealed significant decrease in total cholesterol in heart tissue after sodium nitrite treatment for six months, while total cholesterol showed significant increase in serum but insignificant change in liver tissue after three and six months of sodium nitrite treatment [51]. Kostogrys et al., confirmed a part of our results; they noted that increasing dietary nitrite levels resulted in decreased serum HDL-c and increased serum triacyglycerols, while serum total cholesterol was significantly reduced [52].
Elevation in cholesterol and triglycerides levels in serum may be attributed to lipid peroxidation or the liberation of free fatty acids from the adipose tissue to the blood stream and raising the acetyl CoA level which enhance cholesterol synthesis. It has been reported that oxidative stress stimulates the influence of non-essential fatty acids that leads to increase of cholesterol and triglycerides levels in serum and tissues [53]. Oxidative stress has long been expected to have a significant role in the development of atherosclerosis.
Our results revealed that co-administration of pumpkin seed oil with sodium nitrite significantly prevented the alterations recorded in the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-c in serum, liver and heart after sodium nitrite treatment. This result is in concordant with Barakat & Mahmoud who proved the anti-atherogenic effect of pumpkin seed mixture; it resulted in a significant improvement in lipid parameters in plasma and liver of rats [54]. The presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids, β-carotene, phytosterols and tocopherols in seed mixture may play an important role in lowering blood cholesterol in human and rats [55]. Hyounjeong et al., reported that pumpkin has antiobesity effects and attributed that to its action as metabolic regulator of lipolytic and lipogenic pathways [56]. Moreover, it affects the lipid products synthesis and degradation.
It has been reported that antioxidants compensate the radicals of polyunsaturated fatty acids and disturb the chain reactions; hence they can inhibit lipid peroxidation [53]. The antioxidants have been supposed to act as antiatherogenic agents. They may be able to prevent the oxidative modification of LDL that result in the accumulation of cholesterol [57].
In this study, DNA damage by comet assay and chromosomal aberrations were done to investigate the genotoxic effect of sodium nitrite and whether the pumpkin seed oil can ameliorate this effect or not. The comet assay for DNA revealed significant increase in the tail length of DNA in the sodium nitrite intoxicated group in comparison to the control group. Our result is almost similar to the results obtained by Ohsawa et al., [58] and Sherif and Al- Gayyar who revealed DNA fragmentation after 12 weeks of 80 mg/kg of sodium nitrite [59].
This has been explained by Ibrahim and Nassar who proved that reactive oxygen species, which are generated by NaNO2 causes genetic oxidation and fragmentation of DNA and other macromolecules [60]. Nitric oxide (free radicals) which is produced by sodium nitrite inhibits synthesis of DNA and arrest the cell cycle, therefore, DNA damage occurs.
Treatment with pumpkin seed oil significantly decreased DNA damage as compared with sodium nitrite intoxicated group but still significantly higher than the control group. There are multiple studies have been reported about the mechanisms of pumpkin seed oil for prevention of free radical generation and accordingly prevent DNA damage [21, 22]. Furthermore, the phenolic compounds in the pumpkin seed oil bind to metals as copper and iron that are incorporated in free radical-generating reactions as the Fenton reactions [61].
The genotoxic investigation in our study showed marked increase in the frequency of total structural chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells of the rats administered sodium nitrite in comparison to the control group. Occurrence of chromosomal aberrations at the metaphase is due to molecular lesions in the DNA and they are considered as the cytotoxic effect of some chemicals [62].
Hence, our findings revealed the mutagenic effect of sodium nitrite and this is in agreement with Özen et al., who revealed significant increase in chromosomal aberrations after administration of 20 mg/kg sodium nitrite for 8 months [41].
On the other hand, administration of sodium nitrite and pumpkin seed oil showed significant reduction in the frequency of total chromosomal aberrations in comparable to sodium nitrite group. The effect of pumpkin seed oil may be due to its antioxidant action, prevention of free radicals and reduction of DNA damage as described previously. The balance between the oxidative and anti-oxidative systems is the main factor to keep the cellular health. Any disturbance in this balance leads to cellular degeneration and death [41]. According to the authors` knowledge, there is no previous studies have investigated the valuable effect of pumpkin seed oil for prevention and/or reduction of toxicity induced by sodium nitrite.
The authors thank the National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt, for the use of facilities to execute this research. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Chronic exposure to high level of sodium nitrite leads to biochemical effect, DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. The pumpkin seed oil can ameliorate the toxic effect induced by sodium nitrite due to its antioxidant, antimutagenic and antifree radicals effects as it contains high amounts of antioxidant vitamins as α- and γ-tocoferol, β carotene and vitamin E. Moreover, it contains phenolic compounds such as vanillic acid, tyrosol and vanillin and high levels of selenium and lutein. Hence, we can use the pumpkin seed oil as a prophylaxis against NaNO2 toxicity, taking into consideration the dose and duration of treatment.
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- Helal EGE, Zahkouk SA, Mekawy HA (2000) Effect of some food colours (synthetic and natural products) on liver and kidney functions of young albino rats. Egypt J Hosp Med. 1: 103-113.
- Kostogrys RB, Zahkouk SA, Mekawy HA (2006) Nitrites affect thyroid status and serum lipoproteins in wistar rats. Pol J Food Nutr Sci. 15/56(3): 353–358.
- Sanmugapriya E, Venkataraman S (2006) Studies on hepatoprotective and antioxidant actions of Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds on CCl 4-induced acute hepatic injury in experimental rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 105(1-2): 154-60.
- Barakat L AA, Mahmoud RH (2011) The antiatherogenic, renal protective and immunomodulatory effects of purslane, pumpkin and flax seeds on hypercholesterolemic rats. N Am J Med Sci. 3(9): 411–417.
- ElAdawy T, Taha K (2001) Characteristics and composition of different seed oils and flours. Food Chem. 74(1): 47–54.
- Hyounjeong C, Haekwan E, Kyoungcheol P, Kim SH, Park JE, et al., (2007) A water-soluble extract from Cucurbita moschata shows antiobesity effects by controlling lipid metabolism in a high fat diet-induced obesity mouse model. BBRC. 359(3): 419–425.
- Suzuki H, Kurihara Y, Takeya M, Kamada N, Kataoka M, et al., (1997) A role for macrophage scavenger receptors in atherosclerosis and susceptibility to infection. Nature. 386 (6622): 292–296.
- Ohsawa K, Nakagawa SY, Kimura M, Shimada C, Tsuda S, et al., (2003) Detection of in vivo genotoxicity of endogenously formed N-nitroso compounds and suppression by ascorbic acid, teas and fruit juices. Mutat Res. 539(1-2): 65-76.
- Sherif IO, Al-Gayyar MM (2013) Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of silymarin on hepatic dysfunction induced by sodium nitrite. Eur Cytokine Netw. 24:114-121.
- Ibrahim SS, Nassar NN (2008) Diallyl sulfide protects against N-nitrosodiethylamine- induced liver tumorigenesis: role of aldose reductase. World J Gastroenterol. 14(40): 6145-6153.
- Letelier ME, Sanchez-Jofre S, Peredo-Silva L, Cortés-Troncoso J, Aracena-Parks P (2010) Mechanisms underlying iron and copper ions toxicity in biological systems: Pro-oxidant activity and protein-binding effects. Chem Biol Interact. 188(1): 220-227.
- Kjuus H, Hansteen IL, Ryberg D, Goffeng LO, Ovrebø S, et al., ( 2005) Chromosome aberrations in tunnel workers exposed to acrylamide and Nmethylolacrylamide. Scand J Work Environ Health. 31(4): 300-306.


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Our offices at 3 Eisenhower Drive in Westbrook also serve as a showroom of some of the popular brands of heating and cooling equipment that we install.
We would love for you to stop in and say hello and see live working efficient heating and cooling systems working. We have a Bosch Greenstar Boiler with Radiant panels and Mitsubishi Heat Pumps throughout the building.

subset: commoncrawl


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NAIROBI, September 16 – Former Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) Deputy Governor Jacinta Mwatela has rejected her appointment as a Permanent Secretary (PS) in the Ministry of Northern Kenya and Arid areas.,
She told Capital News in an interview at her home on Tuesday that she will instead pursue other interests that are of benefit to the society.
"As a human being I think I do have the right to say: 'Thanks but I don't think I can handle that job.' I like Bob Marley and in one of his songs he says: 'When one door is closed, another one will be open. This was not the only door God created me for. There are many other doors that are open," she said.
Mwatela joined the CBK 31 years ago and rose through the ranks. At one time she even served as acting governor.
"I don't think I have had sufficient time to be with my family. Maybe this is an opportunity for me to be with my family. My youngest child is 16 years. She keeps telling me; Mum you don't have time for us. Please get more time for us. I think now she is getting compensated for the time lost."
Mwatela said her transfer shocked her as paying no regard to her feelings.
"It was my secretary who came to the office to tell me: "Have you seen this news flash?"
It was about her transfer by the President, a move that has elicited controversy following assertions that it was done contrary to the law.
"Whoever took this decision, did they see the image of God in me or did they just see me as 'taka taka' (Swahili for 'trash')? He did not care to how I feel."
She maintained that she had not been removed from office properly.
"I don't fit into any conditions that require me to be removed from office. I had to be gazetted to get into office. I have not seen any revocation of that gazettment."
She said any new responsibilities were not welcome; after all she left University in 1977.
"I need to understand the functions of that ministry. Does it bother you that this ministry is being given to someone who has never worked as a civil servant? She has worked all her years at the Central Bank. Here's a ministry that has just been created and it's being given to someone who has no understanding about how ministries are run. And she is going to be the accountable authority for that ministry? Does it bother you? It bothers me," she said.
"Was it (the redeployment) put there for me to fail?"
Mwatela added that she was not willing to take any public service position.
"Remember I am coming from a job where I thought I had protection. The Attorney General is now telling me at the end of that job that I didn't have that protection."
"I see PS's appointed and the next day the appointment has been removed and there is no explanation. I don't think I'll be comfortable to hear of myself… oh, she has been removed the same way I was removed on Monday without anyone talking to me about it. I don't think I want a repeat. I don't think this is how I should be handled."
But the former Iron Lady of the Central Bank said she had come to terms with the cards life had dealt her.
"Right now I feel fine. I have prayed over this. I have had a lot of support from my family. When your child is telling you: 'Mum it's ok,' then you know it's ok," Mwatela said.
On Monday, Attorney General Amos Wako said she did not enjoy security of tenure and could be moved from her position at the bank.
On the same day her successor Dr Hezron Nyangito took up office.
"Every cloud has its silver lining," Mwatela said.
Meanwhile, the Parliament Accounts Committee (PAC) announced in the meantime that it would form a committee to investigate the circumstances surrounding Mwatela's transfer.
PAC chairman Dr Bonny Khalwale told a news conference that the committee would also investigate a tender involving the currency printing firm, De La Rue, which reportedly led to Mwatela's removal from office.
"Mwatela has stated that her removal is as a result of a tender awarded to De La Rue for supply of new generation Kenya currency notes," he said.
"The PAC wishes to announce that we are immediately launching an investigation into this tender with a view of confirming if Mwatela's tribulations are a consequence of this tender."
He said the committee had already notified the Speaker of the National Assembly about the formation of the special committee.
This is the second time the De La Rue contract has come into the light after former Finance Minister Amos Kimunya was alleged to have signed it against the advice of senior CBK officials.
"The public procurement Act has since 1993 been abused in respect of this tender to date. An attempt by former Finance Minister David Mwiraria in 2003 with the blessing of the Cabinet and Parliament to reverse it and subject it to international tendering was suddenly and surprisingly reversed by his successor Kimunya," the Ikolomani MP said.
Igembe South MP Mithika Linturi who may sit on the investigating committee appealed for Mwatela's security saying she held vital information that required her to be protected under the public witness protection bill.
The controversy about the De La Rue contract came to light after Khalwale asked Kimunya to explain to Parliament what transpired. At the time, Kimunya said that the agreement entered between the Government and the printing firm was cancelled mutually, even though he was not in a position to say whether the Sh1.9 billion that had been paid had been refunded.


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LG has announced an 8 megapixel cameraphone with a full touchscreen interface, the LG KC910.
It also includes Dolby Mobile, an integrated suite of audio processing technologies to bring clean, powerful bass to the music listening.
LG Electronics president and chief executive Dr. Skott Ahn said: "The LG-KC910 follows the success of the LG Viewty, the brand's multi million selling camera phone.
"We have again combined a high-end camera with a full size touchscreen interface to provide the ultimate multimedia experience – in yet another world first device.
"Our customers say a touchscreen is essential for fully utilising high-end multimedia features. The LG-KC910's interface has been developed to meet these requirements."
The KC910, 3G and HSDPA enabled, includes a Schneider-Kreuznach optics, xenon flash, image stabiliser, auto-focus, manual focus, face tracking, smile shot and blink detection. It can record video at up to 120 frames per second. It plays DivX and Xvid movies straight out of the box, without the for encoding.
The handset also comes with assisted GPS navigation and an embedded GPS receiver, giving users the ability to geo-tag photos for later plotting on an interactive map. It also has a 'jogging buddy' programme that uses GPS to track workouts. It includes Wi-Fi too.
The LG KC910 will be available in the UK in October.


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It's highly possible that you, like me, know a ton of folks who are in the baby-making craze right now- just trying to get their families going before their clocks explode. This is my, at least, third round of baby-making in my groups of friends over the years. And, I have never been able to get anything more adorable, smart and truly useful than the great baby clothes, soft toys, blankets and other accouterments made by Jen of Pearly Grey!
I make a regular habit of getting the hospital takeout kit for baby showers, and I always win! She is highly skilled at making the cutest things that never fall apart, and you can find her, along with me and 180 other vendors at this Sunday's Crafty Wonderland Holiday Show!


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Village Square
ONE DAY: Ariah Park, Beckom, Ganmain, Marrar, Matong, Ardlethan
This one-day drive takes you to a selection of the smaller villages on the Canola Trail. With each one as unique as the next, these villages have country character and a fascinating history that you can experience at your own pace. Don't miss out on:
Ariah Park: Ariah Park Hotel, 9-hole golf course, swimming pool, Wheat Lumper statue, Echoes of Ariah Park Museum
Beckom: Mirrool Creek Nature Walk
Ganmain: Ganmain Providore, Hay Display Centre, Historical Society Museum Complex and Murumbang Walking Track
Matong: Matong Memories, Antiques & Collectables, Berembed Weir Fishing & Recreational Grounds
Ardlethan: Kelpie Statue, Ariah 62 Coffee Shop and London Hotel


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Why choose us?
|Teachers with degrees from Oxford and Cambridge University; British Council CELTA qualified tutors
|Teaching children from 6 years up and adults
|Lessons at your home or at a teacher's home, or over Skype
One-to-one English with British native speakers
Your place or ours
Business English in your company
Children from 6 years up
Beginner > Intermediate > Advanced
PL > EN translations by British English native speakers
EN > PL translations by certified Polish translators
All types and styles of text
English lessons
Initial consultancy and language assessment
pro bono
First lesson (60 min)
pro bono
All subsequent prices
to be negotiated
Translation / Editing / Proofreading
Email a copy of the text in a word document to firstname.lastname@example.com to receive a quotation per 1800 characters including spaces.
Please add 23% VAT to quoted rate.
Our native speakers
Our team of over twenty native speakers are available at different locations around Warsaw.
Please click here and see the map, to find your nearest teacher.
We are delighted to introduce you to some of our teachers:
Conrad Goltz
An English and History graduate of Trinity University College Carmarthen, part of the University of Wales. Conrad has been teaching English in Warsaw for over four years. Clients include PwC, Siemens, Thales, and Philips.
Anthony Goltz
A History graduate from Oxford University, Anthony's experience teaching English began 20 years ago in India. He setup anicecupoftea in 2012. Clients include Poland's best-selling female novelist Kasia Bonda, KPMG, Performance Media, and the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
David Blair
Graduating in Art and Design from Gray's School of Art in Aberdeen, Scotland, David has worked in Thailand, New Zealand, Australia, Fiji, and now Poland. He has been teaching English since 2013 to both adults and children. Interested in all aspects of music, theatre, cinema, cultural history, and politics.
James Trentham
Trained as a classical baritone at Trinity College of Music, London with a CELTA from the British Council in Warsaw. Clients include Ernst & Young and RSM Poland KZWS.
Emma Barnett
With a degree in Music from Bath Spa University in the west of England and a CELTA gained in Warsaw, Emma has been teaching English since 2008. She is particularly successful teaching children and is currently preparing for a DELTA.
Alexis Ramos
A History/Slavic Languages and Literature graduate from the University of California, Berkeley, Alexis taught in the classrooms of East New York, Brooklyn as a Teach for America Corps Member before serving as the Fulbright Hillary Rodham Clinton Fellow at the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. Alexis conducted post-graduate studies at the College of Europe, Natolin (M.A.) and Fordham University- M.S. in Teaching and Curriculum.
If you're searching for the perfect bespoke service – this is the place for you. Zero boredom; translations always on time. The native speaker adapts to your needs and goals, both short and long term. Lessons are tremendously fun, yet at the same time I have never felt so disciplined. A NICE CUP OF TEA is probably the best language school in Poland.
Katarzyna Bonda, Writer
A Nice Cup of Tea offers an approach to the learning and improvement of English at the highest of levels. Classes are not only lessons; they are fascinating, comprehensively educational encounters, not only due to the diverse and interesting teaching materials employed, but also thanks to the unique personality of the founder of the school, Mr Anthony Goltz.
Jan Kisielewski,
Marketing Strategy Director
Stratosfera by Deloitte
Rc2, a public relations consultancy, has cooperated with the translation agency A NICE CUP OF TEA since 2014. They have performed complex translations of documents for various projects, including presentation editing and the translation of corporate materials, including press releases. The team are highly professional and efficient, very flexible in time, and competitively priced.
The Rc2 team
Write to us
ul. Słupecka 4/45
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+48 507 598 216


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Thursday, August 21, 2014
Craft Corner: Chevron Afghan
FINALLY. Oh my gosh, I have been working on this afghan for almost a year and I finally finished it last week. This baby has sat through countless episodes of Gossip Girl, Game of Thrones, and The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills. I had made my black and white chevron afghan last year and fell in love with the pattern, which I found from Love, Elycia. I was looking through Elycia's blog and thought that her multi-colored afghan was adorable and wanted to make one of my own. I picked out pink, blue, black, and white to match my bedroom and think it turned out spectacular!
Now that this afghan is finished, I have so many ideas for new afghans. I am making a summer garden afghan for my sister, which I made for myself two years ago, and this granny square blanket for myself. I already have all of the yarn I need for those two projects, so those should keep me busy for awhile. After finishing this afghan, I have officially become obsessed with crocheting them! I can't wait to explore all of the afghans that are out there. Hopefully they all don't take as long, though, or else I'll be crocheting for years and years into the future!
2 comments:
Just lovely! It feels so good to finish projects, doesn't it? Now, if I could only motivate myself to finish the blanket I'm crocheting for the friends baby...ha!ReplyDeleteReplies
Haha, I know! It may have taken a year to finish this blanket, but the end result is so worth it! good luck on your baby blanket :)Delete
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Matthew Amroliwala : biography
Matthew Amroliwala (born 1962) is a BBC newsreader who presents on the BBC News Channel each weekday from 2pm - 5pm alongside Jane Hill or Emily Maitlis. He is an occasional relief presenter of the BBC Weekend News on BBC One and appears in the revamped Crimewatch programme on BBC One, with Kirsty Young.
He was born Mehrwan F. Amroliwala in Leeds,England & Wales, Birth Index: 1837-1983. England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes. General Register Office, London, England.England & Wales, Marriage Index: 1984-2005. England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes. General Register Office, London, England. the son of a Royal Air Force officer, and he is a Parsi Zoroastrian. He was educated at The King's School, Ely and then at St Chad's College, Durham University. He graduated in 1984 having read Law and Politics.
He was married in London to a non Parsi in June 1999, and has four children: Milo, Louis, Mary and Mabel.
He has covered many major news stories including reporting extensively from Northern Ireland. He has also reported from Bosnia on the fall of Srebrenica and travelled throughout the Balkans during the conflict in Bosnia.Crimewatch
Living octopus
In countries which are located near sea coasts, sea food is an important part of national cuisine


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Backroom Politics
Mark all (un-)played
Series home•Public Feed
Manage series 1211128
ByDiscovered by Player FM and our community — copyright is owned by the publisher, not Player FM, and audio streamed directly from their servers.
THE BEST POLITICAL TALK SHOW YOU'VE NEVER HEARD OF! Moderated by Washington insider Justin Russell... Join Allen Moore, Dan Lipner, and Rear Admiral Ken Carodine as they take an uncensored look at Washington politics.
339 episodes available. A new episode about every 5 days averaging 71 mins duration .


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Personalised Business Playing cards, Customized Calling Cards
Business Planning
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Screens of each shade overprinted on each other create a wide gamut of colour. Out there in two completely different sizes with 4 color printing, they can be customised with 3D varnish and a gold or silver coating. Stand up to 10,000 unlaminated or 5,000 laminated eighty five x 55mm enterprise playing cards on 400gsm silk with the option to add rounded corners too. Stand out from the normal rectangle with inventive square enterprise playing cards.
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A perfect platform to creatively showcase their craft, is with business card design and print. No problem, select from a selection of free enterprise card designs created by our skilled staff and personalise them with your personal details. A enterprise card designed by a Print Mark-et skilled is a lasting impression. Clean Edge® Enterprise cards for Inkjet Printers are the proper solution for times once you instantly must replace contact data, create playing cards for brand spanking new staff, or design custom-made messages for purchasers.
Pair your business playing cards with customized envelopes and letterhead to present the ultimate professional appearance. Our totally different form options additional support within the originality of your personalised playing cards. Bleed is short for all of the graphics on a product that can "bleed off the doc" so that the color continues to the edge of your playing cards. From a fundamental black-and-white business card to an impressive, full-coloration design—we'll give you the credible look that embodies your model.
Business playing cards are cards bearing business details about an organization or particular person They're shared throughout formal introductions as a comfort and a memory assist.


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20:20 Mobile's accessories division grew by over 17 per cent last year, an increase it has attributed to the introduction of new accessory ranges and exclusive relationships with major retailers.
20:20 UK managing director James Browning said: "20:20 has continued to grow year on year and our accessories division remains at the forefront of the industry. We are already seeing a great deal of interest in the market for a number of exclusive ranges we distribute, as our channel partners look for ways to generate additional revenues from consumer and business mobile users.
"Mobile accessories have always been a major part of the 20:20 range and with the introduction of more smart and music phones the demand for add on products such as speakers, cases, battery packs and screen protectors, the market continues to grow. 20:20 Mobile will continue to be at the forefront of the accessories distribution channel as we add more products to the range and build on our existing exclusive distribution relationships."
20:20 also distributes a complete range of branded and non-branded accessories through its Premier Partner channel, which includes marketing support, product guides and priority customer support.


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REVIEW | Bring Me the Horizon — "That's the Spirit"
[Editor's note: You can also read Hana Simons's review of Bring Me the Horizon's song "True Friends" here.]
When taking a trip through Bring Me The Horizon's catalog, it's not too hard to notice the style changes the band has undergone. Beginning with the deathcore, Count Your Blessings, Bring Me The Horizon have come a long way to get to their polished, hard rock sound. For many early fans, the band's latest release, That's The Spirit, may feel like a little bit of a betrayal.
In fact, Bring Me The Horizon's previous release, Sempiternal, was most likely an act of disloyalty. Featuring the most drastic change in sound between albums, Sempiternal nearly abandoned the harsh screams, the heavy, intricate guitars, and the pulse-pounding drums. Instead, the introduction of keyboardist, Jordan Fish, allowed for electronic experimentation. Vocalist Oli Sykes mellowed out his growl, giving the English five-piece a chance at writing more melodic songs. This change was enough to draw me in as a fan, and with That's The Spirit, it is clear they are willing to keep me.
That's The Spirit runs in the same vein as Sempiternal, but takes the progression even further. Sykes foreshadowed the most notable change from previous albums in his 2014 Alternative Press Music Awards (APMA) speech. "When I got out of that rehab, I didn't wanna f—— scream anymore; I wanted to sing it through the rooftops, and it's all thanks to you. So thank you very much." On That's The Spirit, Sykes follows through with his promise as he sings the majority of every song. It's easy to understand why this would frighten some; the band has been treated to major success such as selling out a headlining show at Wembley Arena (12,500 capacity) largely due to the vocalist's unique style.
Surprisingly, Oli Sykes' singing isn't just acceptable; it's downright impressive. "Doomed" begins with an eerie, electronic soft build up. The calm vocals cycle in a haunting fashion. Its effects are mesmerizing. The track progresses into a cynical, heavier chorus and that is when it happens. The scratchy, emotional vocals flow into a smooth falsetto, "I think we're doomed." From that moment on I knew the album would be nothing but a treat. "Follow You," "Avalanche," and "Oh No" are other tracks that truly let Sykes' vocal reinvention shine. Sykes is not the only one who has changed either. "Happy Song" and "What You Need" feature a previously unseen, strong guitar and bass groove that carries each track. "Throne" even shows that drummer, Matt Nichols, is as rhythmic as he's ever been, adapting to the band's change perfectly.
The album isn't only fascinating musically. That's The Spirit almost functions as a concept album and a wonderfully cynical one at that. Many of the songs on the record reiterate that we are all doomed, life isn't fair, it's tough and you just have make the best of it. Songs like "Happy Song" and "True Friends" take a sarcastic approach. The former casually shrugs off deeper problems with a simpler cheerful tune. Meanwhile, the latter accepts the fact that friends are going to hurt you, but notes that it's better to be "stabbed in the front" rather than in the back. "Throne" even encourages a little betrayal as it taunts, "throw me to the wolves, tomorrow I will come back leader of the whole pack." The dark content is oddly hopeful, or at least satisfied with its stance. The album only falls to despair in "Drown" and "Avalanche," but the metaphors and stories are so relatable, they assist in the act of searching for contentment in a poor situation.
Ultimately, Bring Me The Horizon's latest effort stands out among the rest; whether "the rest" is their catalog or anyone else's. It's the band's most musically cohesive work and the lyrical concept is unmatched. As a fan of the band's more recent records, it would be hard to not be proud of the Sheffield boys' latest and even harder not to fall in love with it.


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The following video is brought to you courtesy of the Gun Talk Media YouTube Channel. Click the video below to watch it now.
In this episode: A man's ride share driver takes a detour into a possible dangerous situation. #SelfDefenseSaturday #FirstPersonDefender (Sponsored)
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Copyright © 2018 Freefire Media, LLC


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The Pilgrims learned about cranberries from the Native Americans, who discovered the usefulness of the berry's benzoic acid as a natural preservative. Cranberry sauce became commonplace when General Ulysses S. Grant ordered it to be served to the troops during the Civil War in 1864.
In 1912, "Ocean Spray Cape Cod Cranberry Sauce" became the first commercially canned cranberry sauce. Cranberry sauce is incredibly easy to make at home. There are differences in flavor preference depending on where the sauce is made. European prefer a slightly sour-tasting sauce, while in Americas prefer a more sweetened mixture.
The most basic cranberry sauce consists of cranberries boiled in sugar water until the berries pop and the mixture thickens. Some recipes include other ingredients such as slivered almonds, orange juice, zest, ginger, maple syrup, port, or cinnamon.
Basic Cranberry Sauce
1 (12 oz.) bag of cranberries
1 cup sugar
1 cup orange juice
Rinse cranberries in cold water and remove any damaged or soft berries. In a medium-sized saucepan dissolve the sugar in the orange juice over medium heat. Stir in the cranberries and cook until the cranberries start to pop (about 10 minutes). Remove from heat and place sauce in a bowl. The natural pectin in the cranberries will cause the sauce to continue to thicken as it cools.
Easy Cranberry Relish
1 (12 oz.) bag of cranberries
1 whole orange
½ cup sugar
Rinse cranberries in cold water and remove any damaged or soft berries. Wash the orange (yes, the whole orange) and cut the whole orange into quarters. Place berries and orange quarters in a food processor and pulse until pieces are minced to your desired consistency. You may need to do this in batches depending on the size of your food processor.
Pour mixture into a bowl and add sugar stirring to mix. Place in the refrigerator and allow to rest for 30 minutes. Stir relish again just before serving.
|Lifestyle Feature Article on November 30, 2011


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NHRSA second leg a resounding success
The Namibian Hunting Rifle Shooting Association participants travelled over the weekend to the farm Walmaine in the Gobabis District to shoot in the second leg of the NHRSA competitions for the year 2017.
After the six ranges were set up on Friday evening heavy showers and winds caused a one-hour delay on Saturday morning as some targeted flew away. All participants including a record number of entries in the Penkoppe class (shooters under the age of 11) there were six different ranges.
The first range was Stein buck on 160m with a hay bale and at a distance of 150m the participants aimed at the Impala standing with three-leg shooting sticks. On the third range the Oryx were waiting at 200m with short synthetic shooting sticks in a kneeling position. In the Range 4 with long synthetic shooting stick was the short Gong, between 150-250m. The long gong range with 180325m was range 5; there the shooter had a wood cross on a trailer.
The last range number 6 was zebras over a water hole at 175m lying. After a long day of shooting the winners of the day were as follows: Penkoppe under 11: First: Joubert Engelbrecht, second: Hanre Cocklin,third: Christiaan Engels Junior: First: Jean de Schmid, second: Christiaan de Schimd Ladies class were as follows: First: Cornel van der Westhuizen, second: Karola Woortman and third: Niela Engels. In the men class Francois Marias Jnr walked away with his second win of the season, second place place was Johan Engelbrecht with the third place being taken by Johannes (Wittes) Marias.
In the seniors category, the first place was taken by Johannes Gert van der Wath, second place by Louw van Zyl, third place by Andre Toit. The veterans category saw the first place being taken by Francois Blaauw, second place by Hermann Kessler while Casper Janse van Rensburg landed on the third. The overall Winner of the competition was Gold Medal Francois Marais Jnr, Silver Medal Johan Engelbrecht, and Bronze Medal Johannes Gert van der Wath.
"Herewith we would like to thank all our sponsors that support us, without them the competitions are not possible. A big thank goes out to Pupkewitz, Agra Gobabis, Butt Archery Supplies as well as the owner of WalmaineMr W Kinear for allowing us to host the competition on his farm," said the Namibian Hunting Rifle Shooting Association.


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|Article number:
|Out of stock
Tinedo is the Alvarez-Arenas' family estate. It has been dedicated to the production of wine in a traditional way for generations. The estate is made up of 49 hectares of vineyards in the heart of La Mancha. Our family are growers and winemakers since 1742. The existing main house, tool sheds, winery, and gardens were built up in the late 19th century by our great grand mother. Certified organic and Ja! it is delicious!


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CarePlus Laser Imaging (CPLI) has been operating as an Social Enterprise. The "Social Enterprise" model promotes quality employment to persons with disabilities. Individuals with disabilities want to be employed and educated, and have a strong desire to become active, participating citizens in the community.
For more information regarding our mission to place the disabled and economically disadvantaged to work please refer to our CarePlus Workforce Solutions home website at www.cpws.org or our parent organization Care Plus NJ, Inc. at www.careplusnj.org.
Toner Cartridge Warranty
- All returns will be subject to a 15% restocking fee at CPLI's discretion
- All claims of defective product must be made within 90 days
- The cost to return non-defective products is at the expense of the customer. CPLI must be advised of a return of non-defective items in order to advise the ship-to address for the products in question.
- If a product is received that has obviously been damaged in transit, please refuse the delivery. If the carrier has left the premises, immediately call 888-362-8700
Non-Defective Product:
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Ghanaian champions Aduana Stars hopes of reaching the knockout stage of the 2018 CAF Confederation Cup have ended after they surprising;y lost 2-0 to ASEC Mimosas in Dormaa on Sunday.
With AS Vita defeating Raja Casablanca in a simultaneous Group A match, the results leave the DRC side at the top with 10 points, the Moroccans are second with eight points, and ASEC have moved up to third with six points.
The Ghanaians drop to the foot of the table with four points and have no mathematical chance of progressing.
ASEC enjoyed the early dominance in the match, but had to wait until just past the midway point of the first half to claim the lead on the score sheet, with Gbagnon Anicet Badie netting from the penalty spot in the 24th minute.
Eleven minutes later the visitors doubled their advantage, with Braciano Ta Bi netting from a well-worked move to ensure ASEC went into half time with a two-goal lead.
Stars come out aggressively in the second half and pushed hard to try and get back in the game, with half-time substitute Oba Ukama Ulitch playing a strong role.
Yet the Ghanaian side was unable to find a way back into the game and have been mathematically eliminated from quarterfinal contention.
Group A will wrap up with two matches on August 29: ASEC will be at home to Vita in Abdijan, while Stars will head to Morocco to face Raja Casablanca.


text: Get ready for a powerful, truly cinematic experience, with Mitsubishi Electric's acclaimed home cinema projectors. These advanced products offer stunning, crisp images, dazzling color, and leading-edge picture enhancing technologies that transform a sports match or movie into a dynamic social event right in your home. Widescreen, high-resolution, high-definition; it all comes together with these models.


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Published at Monday, December 17th, 2018 - 16:22:15 PM. Home Design. By James Hopson.
Frequency of usage If you use your home office furniture more than is customary, then you must purchase furniture that is of higher quality. If you wish to purchase a desk for minimal use, then you can opt for a less expensive desk. Choose the furniture that gives you an adequate amount of space to work at. The purchase of furniture is not something that is done frequently as it is an expensive exercise. Furniture is purchased and should be expected to last a long period of time. Therefore the material used in manufacturing home furniture should be inspected very carefully. The material of the furniture should be manageable as well as maintainable. Have you ever heard about ergonomic office furniture? Ergonomic furniture helps you to reduce stress and strain from certain parts of your body. It reduces stress from the body of the user and also gives the required comfort. You spend a lot of time working, so your office chair should feel good, comfortable and should be adjustable.
As mentioned, organic hardwood and naturally made furniture would last a lot longer than synthetics because organic materials are aged and strengthened naturally. Most hard woods are very long-lasting and are compacted very strongly, producing very beautiful furniture when processed. Most composites and synthetic materials break down easily and depend on chemicals to hold them together. In this aspect, organic furniture wins over non-organic furniture again. Because organic bedroom furniture will last a lifetime with you, you find yourself earning money from not buying any other new solid wood furniture for your bedroom or home for a long time.
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When I started seriously considering photography as hobby one aspect really appealed and that was night time photography. I loved the dramatic star trail pictures and the extended beams of car headlights.
I was delighted then upon getting my DSLR and attending a photography course that our first session was photographing traffic from a bridge. The bridge was icy and slippy so carrying equipment was hazardous. We set our cameras to shutter priority ( around 6 seconds), ISO to 100/200 and readied our tripods.
This was the result:
Not bad for a first attempt!
More recently I went on an evening photo walk with my camera club. We went into the city centre on a busy Friday night which resulted in some interesting encounters with drunks trying to 'borrow' cameras! I had a great time and learnt a lot from the other members. Sadly my pictures were a little disappointing due to a tripod with all the stability of a one legged hamster. However, it did come free with a magazine subscription so I can't complain (its a Hama 700 if you're interested), it will probably come in handy to support an off camera flash or something in the future! A new tripod is definitely something to invest in ASAP.
My two favourite pictures from the night:
I have no idea where the mark to the right of the image came from as it isn't on any of the others!


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Recent letters to the Grapevine critical of zoning enforcement do not square with basic civics. John Adams, a Founding Father and our second President observed that we are nation of laws, and not of men. That is, whether or not one agrees with the law one is bound by it, no matter who they are or think they are. The New Hampshire Constitution says that "When men enter into a state of society, they surrender up some of their natural rights to that society, in order to ensure the protection of others; and, without such an equivalent, the surrender is void." NH Const. Part. I, Art. 3.
One of the 'surrenders of natural rights' that we, the people of the Town of Mason, have made, willingly and through the political process, is the adoption of zoning laws in 1967, a building code in 1957, subdivision regulations in 1974, and site plan review regulations in 1986. The constitutional "equivalent" we enjoy is the orderly development of Mason, and freedom from having noxious property uses next door to quiet residential uses.
All our zoing ordinances and planning regulations are available for review at the Mann House, and online at www.mason-nh.org. You can purchase an up to date copy of the zoning ordinance and building code at the Selectmen's office. There are very few places in our state without land use ordinances and regulations, and no one should be surprised that such laws exist and apply to their land.
The recent letters, one regarding radio towers and the other regarding fire debris, both relate to matters that are, at least on their face, clearly addressed by the zoning ordinance.
Article IXX of the zoning ordinance, adopted in 2005, governs telecommunications facilities. Amateur radio towers are exempt under Federal law, as noted in Item 5 of the ordinance. Application for commercial telecommunication towers must be made to the planning board. Under some circumstances a special exception and/or site plan may also be required for commercial use of the property. Article IV, Section B, of the zoning ordinance states that "No owner or occupant of land shall permit fire or other ruins to be left, but shall remove the same within one year." In deference to the letter writers, there may be valid reasons these laws do not apply to their situation, such as misinterpretation of the law or the facts, which brings up another fundamental civic concept, due process of law. Due process is your right to a legal process by which you can contest the action of the government against your person or your property. Due process is guaranteed by the First and Fourteenth amendments of the United States Constitution and Article 14 of the New Hampshire Constitution. If you receive a cease and desist order for a zoning violation, and you believe that it was wrongfully issued, or was based on an unconstitutional or improperly enacted law, you have a right to
be heard. In most cases, there is a clear process from the local level to the State courts that must be followed. Anyone aggrieved by a decision of our Board of Selectmen has the right to contest the decision through the legal process, all the way up to the Supreme Court if necessary.
In Mason, the Board of Selectmen is responsible for enforcement of the zoning ordinances. We are fortunate to have a hard working and diligent board. On behalf of various clients, I have fought, won, lost, and settled various zoning disputes with the Mason Selectmen. Throughout those sometimes vigorously debated contests, I have never found the Selectmen, or Town Counsel, Silas Little, to be in any way unprofessional, vindictive or arbitrary in their efforts. I do not feel that Mason's Selectmen deserve the excoriation delivered in last month's letters. Those complainants appear to be, and may actually be, in violation of the zoning law. By enforcing the zoning laws, the Selectmen are not only doing their jobs, they are doing the will of the people as expressed in the zoning laws. We should all be glad of that.
Charles V. Moser


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Serra HS Salem, OR Alumni List
Last names starting with "H"
Looking for Serra High School Salem, OR alumni not listed? If so, check out Classmates.com® - hundreds of more SHS alumni have posted their profiles.
About the Serra High School Alumni Directory
If you attended Serra High Salem, OR egon and want to be added to the alumni directory register now to add your name to the alumni list. For former Serra HS students from OR, you can view the class reunion information that has been posted by other site visitors. In addition, we encourage you to post your profile in the alumni directory, share information about the school activities you were involved with and reconnect with Serra High School alumni.


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Universities are strict on plagiarism issues and Mr Kumar was caught on plagiarism at one of the premier universities of India. He was given an "F" grade and his scholarship grant was discontinued with immediate effect.
Rachel is a fourth year student at Canadian University, at the last leg of her degree. An offender of intellectual theft she is suffering from some dire consequences. The university has sent her a letter stating that they recognise that she has committed the offense of plagiarism and it has gone on her records in the university.
Plagiarism is surely an expense that is expellable in most of the countries. And even if the university decides to not expel you, if it goes down in your transcript, everyone would know about and everywhere that you apply for job, it would be known to them through your university record. It builds up a question mark on your credibility throughout your career.
If we try and understand the depth of plagiarised content and its actions taken by various universities, it would be seen that most of the universities follow a process. They may not straight away issue a registered letter. They schedule a series of hearings to investigate the allegations on the scholar before getting conclusive about what happened. The degree of plagiarism or theft committed is the main parameter that decides the kind of reaction that would be taken by the committee investigating the matter. If the entire dissertation is copied, expelling is the most expected outcome. However, if the theft relates to imitation of small portions in research, it may lead to severe but not career impacting convictions.
There isn't another academic offense as serious as plagiarism that can be committed at college level and the American universities are no different.
Kathy was expelled from a leading American university because she copied her research data from another source. "I checked the handbook of the university in detail to get information about plagiarism offenses. They had a much defined process related to any kind of offense that was related to academic integrity. The degree of the offense varied the conviction, ranging from failure in assignment, failure in class, suspension or expulsion. Each one more severe than the other. There was no way that they would reverse the judgement they took on my action. So I decided to move on and looked for another university (of lesser repute) that was willing to accept my credits and allow me to work further. But suggest to all scholars that let your work and submission get delayed but look for no shortcuts by means of plagiarism"
So, if you have ever looked for an easy way out and copying content seems like a good option, just think one more time.


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Eighteen cases pushed to 2011 by Michigan Supreme Court
The Michigan Supreme Court has pushed back 18 cases back until January when the new justice comes aboard and conservatives are in the majority again.
The cases consist of appeals, personal injury cases and medical malpractice claims. All of these cases were supposed to be heard in December, but they would not be resolved until the current justice leaves office on Jan. 1, so these cases were pushed so that they could be heard under the new judge.
Medical malpractice claims can change a person's life. If you have been the victim of medical malpractice and are interested in filing a claim, you need experienced representation on your side. Contact the Detroit medical malpractice lawyers of Ravid & Associates, P.A., by calling 866-644-6587. nike air max bw nike air max bw nike air max bw