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Best Herbs To Mix With Cannabis
Vaping has earned itself the reputation of being the healthiest and purest way to consume cannabis and other herbs without inhaling all the unhealthy carcinogens. We take a look at a few herbs you can add to the mix to get even more out of the experience.
People vape all sorts of plants individually, but not many know that a lot of common herbs can be paired with cannabis to enhance the vaping experience. Herbs like kratom, lavender, and damiana can improve the taste of cannabis, particularly if you have some mid to low grade weed, as well as provide some added benefits. All these herbs have pleasant effects when vaped alone, so naturally, the experience is intensified when mixed with marijuana.
According to Dr. Ian Mitchell, an emergency physician and clinical assistant professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, cannabis is typically vaped at 175-200°C. This temperature can be adjusted when cannabis is combined with other herbs. It's best to find a middle ground temperature that's right in between what would optimal for each.
Kratom, also known as mitragyna speciosa, is a tropical evergreen tree from Southeastern Asia. Kratom is one of the most popular herbs to be vaped together with cannabis. It's been used for centuries, but only recently became more mainstream in the western world.
On its own, kratom produces a mild high for some users. Less than what one would feel after smoking cannabis. But mixing the two could open up a whole new world of spiritual connectivity and psychedelic vibes. Most users who've tried the combination state that kratom helps to enhance the effects of the cannabis rather significantly.
Of course, the high produced will vary from person to person. However, a known fact is that kratom and cannabis have similar medicinal benefits. Cannabis will always be superior to kratom and other herbs in almost every way, but many who can't smoke weed for whatever reason use kratom as a substitute. As mentioned above, one compliments the other, so the health advantages can also be magnified when coupled with marijuana. Both are known to assist with:
- Pain relief
- Muscle relaxation
- Stress relief
- Anxiety relief
- Feelings of euphoria
- Ability to Sleep
The ideal temperature for vaping kratom is 175-200°C, which is right in line with the best temperature for vaping cannabis. These two trippy, holistic herbs are a match made in vaping heaven.
Those who vape are often partial to lavender and mint. While the flavours are vastly different, the effects are fairly similar. Lavender is a scented, flowering species of Lamiaceae plants, more commonly known as the mint family.
Both lavender and mint are very comforting herbs to vape that can help you relax physically and mentally. Both can soothe the smoke as well if coughing happens to be an issue when smoking bowls.
About 75% cannabis and 25% supplemental herbs would be a good mixture to start with, that way the taste of mint or lavender won't be too overbearing. Another popular combination is 50% cannabis (good indica preferred), 25% lavender, and 25% percent sleepy time tea. It's smooth, and it tastes phenomenal. Use this combination before bed to sleep peacefully throughout the night.
Mint is best vaped at 160-175°C. When vaped alone, lavender is usually vaped at lower temperatures, somewhere around 130°C. But a lot of people vape it together with cannabis at higher temperatures and don't have any issues.
St. John's Wort is part of the Hypericaceae family that was originally native to parts of Asia and Europe. Presently, it has spread throughout the world and grows in many different regions in the wild.
It works as a very mild monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). So mild in fact and with so few side effects, it's often prescribed as a mood stabiliser for children. MAOIs have been known to reduce the necessary dosage levels for other drugs to work in your system, so it wouldn't be a far stretch to assume that it might do the same for cannabis.
Both cannabis and St John's Wort are very effective antidepressant and anti-anxiety remedies. When paired, patients feel almost immediate relief that lasts for hours. St John's Wort is known to exacerbate the symptoms of ADD and ADHD, but cannabis is proven to help improve symptoms of those disorders.
St. John's Wort is supposed to be vaped at low temperatures, around 100-150°C. It's best to vape cannabis first at 175-200°C, followed by St. John's Wort. If you prefer vaping them simultaneously, 160-175°C might be a happy medium.
A subtle blend of marihuanilla, passionflower, and cannabis is another mix that's recently become popular. It has a smooth and sweet flavour but it doesn't overwhelm the taste of the cannabis, and the high differs from using weed alone.
The high is described as higher energy and more lucid. It makes sense considering that passionflower is often used with other psychedelics to strengthen and prolong their effects. Some people choose to exclude the passionflower and use just the marihuanilla and cannabis mixture as a tobacco replacement.
The preferred temperature to vape passionflower is 150-160°C, and for marihuanilla it's 150-175°C.
Kanna is a succulent with small, white flowers that originated in Africa. There aren't many noted medical benefits to kanna consumption aside from anxiety relief, but the psychedelic effects are well documented. Combining it with cannabis will make everything more surreal and upbeat than usual, but using too much could lead to some vivid hallucination and nausea.
The mixture of cannabis and kanna should be vaped at 185-190°C to feel the full effects.
Damiana is a shrub with pretty yellow flowers that's native to South Texas, Mexico, and South America. It's mainly used as a stimulant, but it's also known to be a powerful aphrodisiac, which could be a good or bad thing depending on the situation.
Another legal plant with effects similar to those of cannabis, damiana is often used as a substitute or alongside the lovely green flowers. The flavour mixes nicely with marijuana, and it enhances the relaxing and euphoric feelings felt when getting stoned.
Note that the flavour can linger for a while. Some people love the taste of cannabis alone, so to avoid that you can either vape the cannabis first, or use separate devices for each herb.
The optimal temperature for damiana, either alone or coupled with cannabis, is 175-200°C.
Chamomile has been popular for centuries because it has a multitude of uses. Before modern day medicine, chamomile was used as a treatment for anxiety, depression, stress, headaches, and indigestion. To this day, it's still used commonly for relaxation and as a sleep aid.
Chamomile is usually brewed into a tea, but vaping has become a common go-to method for chamomile consumption as well. Chamomile is also mixed with cannabis quite often to either vape or smoke. There isn't a lot of effect on the high, but it's a very popular flavour additive.
Vape your cannabis-chamomile concoction at 190°C for the best results.
When vaping any new herbs, there are a few important things to keep in mind. First and foremost, always purchase 100% organic products. Any synthetic ingredients could negatively impact the effects it would have. Secondly, don't use too much too fast. It's best to start by incorporating small amounts of herbs into your cannabis to see how your body reacts.
Now get to experimenting! Maybe one of these mixtures will provide you with the relief and the high you've been looking for.
Written by: Guest Writer
|Find out about our writers
- 1 min The 3 Best Ways To Use Kratom Leaves 14 August, 2015 Kratom has long been used as a herbal remedy that can impart analgesic effects, boosting energy, and relaxing the mind and body (amongst other...
- 8 min Picking The Perfect Vaporizer For You 16 April, 2019 CONTENTS The Beneftis Of Vaporizing How It Works Choosing The Perfect Vaporizer For You THE BENEFITS OF VAPORIZING Vaporizing is a...
- 2 min Passionflower - The Great Enhancer 5 September, 2014 With its striking appearance, the Passionflower is a plant that is not easily overlooked. It is a tropical plant that can be found growing in the...
- 3 min How to Get High Without Using Cannabis 27 April, 2017 While cannabis is enjoyed the world over for its versatile and relaxing high, there are many other herbs out there that can be used to similar...
1 min
14 August, 2015
The 3 Best Ways To Use Kratom Leaves
Kratom has long been used as a herbal remedy that can impart analgesic effects, boosting energy, and relaxing the mind and body (amongst other...
Search in categoriesor
- 8 min 16 April, 2019 Picking The Perfect Vaporizer For You CONTENTS The Beneftis Of Vaporizing How It Works Choosing The Perfect Vaporizer For You THE BENEFITS OF VAPORIZING Vaporizing is a...
- 2 min 5 September, 2014 Passionflower - The Great Enhancer With its striking appearance, the Passionflower is a plant that is not easily overlooked. It is a tropical plant that can be found growing in the...
- 3 min 27 April, 2017 How to Get High Without Using Cannabis While cannabis is enjoyed the world over for its versatile and relaxing high, there are many other herbs out there that can be used to similar...


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Mission – Vecino Health Center's mission is to make quality healthcare accessible and sustainable to the medically underserved.
Vision – We envision a day when the term "medically underserved" does not apply anywhere in Houston.
This commitment to providing life-changing access to medical, dental and behavioral health services helps solve one of Houston's most urgent issues while impacting people's lives and the city's bottom line.
- See The Vecino Story
- Meet the board and leadership team
- Get to know Vecino's partners and supporters
A Federally Qualified Health Center
Vecino Health Centers is a private, nonprofit organization, Vecino Health Centers is a Health Center Program grantee under 42 U.S.C. 254b and a deemed Public Health Service employee under 42 U.S.C.(g)-(n).

subset: commoncrawl


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Compost Awareness Week 2006 is an annual showcase for composting in the UK. Organised by the Composting Association, it aims to raise the profile of compost and composting amongst the public and the media. This years the compost week is between the 7th to the 13th of May, 2006.
The initiative came to England from Canada six years ago and is an international education initiative to showcase the production of compost and demonstrate its uses. During the week, all kinds of organisations involved with compost - from manufacturers to local authorities and retailers - are encouraged to get involved and hold events to promote the use and benefits of compost in their local area.
Hackney and many other boroughs in London and UK wide are raising the benefits of composting through various events and workshops. Above an image of the poster which will be around Hackney soon.
This is a graphic extracted from WRAPs compost website (pdf file)
Technorati Tags: waste minimisation waste prevention compost recycling Hackney www.wasteminimisation.com


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Following a week of preparation and rehearsals, "Knight Inn" was performed on Thursday 8th February.
The production was a huge success with all cast members throwing themselves in to making the performance a very enjoyable event for the whole audience.
The school presented Oscars to those who were judged to have been the best in a number of categories.
Mrs Thrower would like to say a huge thank you to all who were involved and especially all the students who gave their all to produce this show.
Thanks also to the parents for supporting the school.


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This is the old official AFC Wimbledon website, preserved for posterity.
For the current official site click www.afcwimbledon.co.uk
Wednesday 30 December 2009
Allen Batsford - a Wimbledon football hero
Ray Armfield looks back at the footballing career of the manager who turned Wimbledon FC into a League club, Allen Batsford, who died on 28 December.
Allens football career began at Arsenal back in July 1949, when he signed professional forms at the age of 17. He spent six more years at Highbury, making over 200 appearances for the Gunners reserve, youth and A sides, and winning league and cup medals with each, but he was unable to break into the first team and moved into non-League football with Kent sides Folkestone, Ramsgate and Margate.
Always hard-working, organised and thoughtful as a player, Allen brought those qualities to his first coaching role as player-manager of Feltham. The Middlesex club attained senior amateur status during his three-year tenure, but it was during a seven-year association with Walton & Hersham, commencing in 1967, that his managerial reputation took shape.
The Swans won the Athenian League title in 1968/69 and finished runners-up in the next two seasons, during which they also lifted the Surrey Senior Cup. Election to the Isthmian League followed, with Allen leading Walton to third place in 1971/72, along with another county cup triumph. The following season was even better. A last-minute Roger Connell goal at Wembley Stadium saw Walton lift the coveted Amateur Cup by beating Slough Town, and the Swans had done it without conceding a goal a feat unmatched in the competitions history.
In 1973/74 Walton won both the London and Surrey Senior Cups, and Allen tasted glory in the FA Cup when Walton held Brian Cloughs Brighton to a draw before thumping them 4-0 in the replay. That result certainly silenced Clough, who before the game had described the pairing as donkeys against thoroughbreds. By now, amateurism was coming to an end, and Allen sought a new challenge and it turned out to be a big one.
He applied for the vacant Wimbledon FC job in the summer of 1974 and landed it ahead of a raft of other candidates, among them David Pleat. But it was only after Dons chairman Jack Beavan installed Allen that he realised the full extent of the task that lay ahead. Hed inherited just seven contracted players, wages for any new recruits were capped at £15 per week, there were no transfer fees or signing-on funds available, and even his own salary would be less than he had received at Walton. But his masterstroke was to bring in five of his former Walton players Dave Bassett, Dave Donaldson, Billy Edwards, Roger Connell and Keiron Somers and he superbly grafted this new intake onto the talented nucleus of existing Plough Lane regulars such as Dickie Guy, Ian Cooke, Bob Stockley, Jeff Bryant, Mick Mahon and Selwyn Rice.
After an opening-day Southern League blip, Wimbledon went on a 26-game unbeaten run, including a nine-game FA Cup campaign that began at humble Bracknell Town. By the time that Stourbridge beat them 2-1 on 21 December, only a fixture backlog kept Allens Dons from the top of the league table. In the FA Cup they defeated Bath City and Kettering Town in the first two rounds proper, and were then handed an impossible-looking trip to Burnley then seventh in Division One in the Third Round.
But impossible wasnt in Allens vocabulary, and he and his trusted lieutenant Brian Hall carefully plotted how to counter the Clarets threat. Flying Welsh international winger Leighton James was identified as the danger man, and he was double-marked, principally by Dave Bassett, who was detailed to quieten him at every opportunity. Mick Mahon drove a loose ball beyond Alan Stevenson for the only goal of the game. Allen had masterminded the first FA Cup away win at a top flight side by a non-League club since 1920.
What would the draw throw at Batsfords brave part-timers? The answer was an even more daunting trip to Elland Road, the home of League champions Leeds United and their star-studded team of internationals recently managed by Don Revie. Once again, Allen and Brian were methodical and detailed with their planning. The Dons frustrated Leeds and held them to a goalless draw, with Dickie Guy saving a penalty, and lost the replay only by a deflected own goal, with over 46,000 witnessing each game.
After that, it was back to the grind of catching up with league fixtures. It would have been easy for Wimbledons season to tail away to an anticlimax, but that would not have been Allens way. The Southern League championship was secured in the penultimate game, and a double was achieved when the London Senior Cup was lifted. The following season Wimbledon repeated the trick, retaining the league title by an eight-point margin and winning the Southern League Cup for another double and all with a tightly knit and well-drilled squad of just 16 players.
When Wimbledon secured a third successive Southern League championship in 1976/77, there was only one place left to go the Football League. Allen would later envy the off-the-field organisation and resources that AFC Wimbledon now enjoy, as superior to what was available to his Dons of 1977, and these shortcomings would soon cause friction between him and chairman Ron Noades. Eventually he could take no more, and left just halfway through the Dons inaugural Division Four season.
Allen had short spells with Dulwich Hamlet and Hillingdon Borough before the challenge of Wealdstone presented itself. Once again, he brought in several of his former players to add to the likes of Stuart Pearce, and Wealdstone won a league and cup double in 1981/82. During 1983 Allen underwent heart surgery and handed over the reins to assistant Brian Hall, who piloted the Stones to a Conference/FA Trophy double two years later, but Allens contribution to the clubs success wasnt forgotten. He was able to return to football and spent six years as youth development manager at Millwall before scouting for Dave Bassett on behalf of several clubs, and his shrewd analysis and keen eye for a player never diminished.
Happily, Allen could be welcomed back into the Dons fold once AFC Wimbledon were established, and he was made the clubs first president. He was a frequent visitor on matchdays, and was delighted to meet up once more with most of his Wimbledon players from the 1970s at the Dinner with Dickie evening in February 2009.
Liverpool had Bill Shankly, Manchester United had Sir Matt Busby. Its fair to say that Allen Batsford deserves the same reverence among Wimbledon supporters, whatever their age.
Farewell, Allen and thank you.
Fans who would like to see and hear the man himself, can watch a recent interview with Allen by clicking on Allen Batsford interview.


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John Green has revealed that a girl named Esther Earl was his inspiration in writing The Fault in Our Stars. Esther was diagnosed with cancer when she was still 12 years old. She died at 16, just a few days after her birthday in 2010. Esther was a certified fan girl and she met John Green at the Harry Potter convention named LeakyCon.
Watch the video below and see how John Green talks about his friendship with Esther.


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Man on the Move: Back on Track
Streetwear has its own lane in the fashion race these days. It's now a staple in the style spectrum. Whether it's uber fashion house Louis Vuitton collaborating with skateboarding-brand Supreme or Comme des Garcons mixing it up with Converse, streetwear is endorsed by both luxury and athletic brands as having a culture all its own. It's laissez-faire. It's in. And Palm Angels is at the forefront of this movement. This style move is for when you're out of the boardroom and in the skateboard room (…or just out there on the streets).
Style Advice: This may be one of the easiest and most effective looks to mimic. Track jackets are back and here to stay, so they make for good investment pieces. You don't (and shouldn't) always have to pair them with matching track pants, so they just add to the versatility. Get a classic blue track suit from the three stripes, and you'll have plenty of ways to maximize their individual wears. This deep blue sea color is a shade brighter than navy, so you'll still stand out in the track crowd. Logo mashups are a thing now, like when your outfit displays both Adidas and Champion, for example. You can play it safe and still keep it stylish by keeping it all one brand, but it's no longer a fashion faux-pas to combine the track suit with black slides from Calvin Klein. Add some visual character with a checkered trucker hat and top off the look with a Guess retro dog tag chain synonymous with 80s hip hop, which is a picture-perfect representative of laid back style. Now you're ready to hit the streets with some serious swagger.
Must-Have: If you don't have a pair of tan suede Chelsea boots by now, then it's a good thing you're reading this. Now is the time to invest in one of the most versatile shoes you'll ever have. Street style, athleisure, suits… Chelseas are the 'it' shoes of the moment and has been for the past few years. Want the most comfortable and luxurious pair? Common Projects has designed the ultimate versions, and it's a must-have for any style enthusiast. It is an investment piece, but if you'd like the look at a lower price point, these days they are a dime a dozen. You'll still get great bang for the buck with this option from New Republic.
Industry Update: Largely in response to Coach's purchase of Kate Spade, Michael Kors has done some acquiring of its own… in the form of Jimmy Choo. The British brand, known for its unique and edgy style mainly for women's shoes, was purchased for $1.2 billion. This strategic move is going to impact financials and market shares more than anything else, at least at this point, so you're unlikely to see any tangible difference unless you're an investor (if so, good for you). But it's great news for luxury brands and the high fashion industry. And surely, the acquisitions won't end here so let's sit back and enjoy the ride.


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Marianne Baird
Kenmore High Akron, OH Class of 1975
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Nearly everyone involved in a discussion about the response of men to God has confronted statements like, "As we all know, God made man with a free will." Or, "Man is a free moral agent." Or, "God will not violate the free will of man." Precisely what do statements like this mean? How do the Scriptures address this matter? Or do they address it at all?
In this article, I am going to challenge the notion that any aspect of the human personality is "free" outside of Jesus Christ. I will affirm that man is in total bondage to sin outside of Christ, and is so declared to be in God's Word. Further, in the spiritual realm, there is no such thing as "freedom" apart from the Son, who alone can "make" men "free."
This is not an attempt to establish what men have chosen to call "Calvinism" (a word which is thrown around today with great indiscretion); nor, indeed, it a reaction to "Arminianism," which is also used to free men from the obligation to think within the framework of God's Word and a saving relationship to His Son. Such stilted phrases are only miserable shortcuts to conclusions that cannot be supported by the raw and unfiltered Word of God. It is wrong to attempt a discussion of things pertaining to life and godliness, allowing the use of foundational terms that have been created by men and reflect mere human understanding.
In dealing with any theological expression, or pattern of thought, it is imperative that we first establish if God has spoken on the matter. If there is not a perceived addressing of the subject by the God of heaven, who is the person who would venture to attempt to associate it with Him. The Lord cannot be logically associated with something concerning which He has said no word or concerning which He has revealed no known implication. Man cannot speak for God unless, in some way, God has spoken to him. Thus it is said of the Lord, "With whom took He counsel, and who instructed Him, and taught Him in the path of judgment, and taught Him knowledge, and showed to Him the way of understanding?" (Isa 40:14).
If God has not encapsulated His thoughts in a term or expression, how is man able to do so? An example of terms into which God has poured His mind are "faith," "sin," "the flesh," "salvation," "reconciliation," and "Savior." Expressions that represent a certain pattern of Divine thought include "body of Christ," "pillar and ground of the truth," "Son of God," "the world to come," and "this present evil world."
In the matter before us, the issue is whether or not God has addressed the subject of man's "free will." Or, has He made anything known about any aspect of the human "will?" Remember, I am addressing the matter of man's will, or volitional capacity, outside of Christ.
Some Boring Facts
The following have no edifying quotient in them, and thus I view them as "boring." Notwithstanding, they will provide a small ingredient that will permit some sound thinking on this subject. Good concepts are something like a recipe that involves the wise combination of several different components. The components must, of course, be in proper measure. If one attempted to bake a cake using a teaspoon of flour and three cups of salt, a tasty product could not possibly be produced. Pedantic statistics and word studies are like salt. They add something to the development of sound thinking, but nothing of significant substance.
The words "free will" are not found a single time in the King James Bible, 1611/1769 The New International Version, 1984 The New Revised Standard Version, 1989 or Tyndale's New Testament. 1534 They are found four times in New King James Version 1982 (Lev 1:3; 19:5; 22:19,29), once in the New American Bible (Phile 1:14), twice in the Revised Standard Version 1952 (2 Cor 8:3; Phile 1:14), twice in the American Standard Version 1949 (Ezra 7:13; Phile 1:14), twice in the New Living Translation (1 Cor 9:17; 2 Cor 8:3), and twice in the English Standard Version 2001 (2 Cor 8:3; Phile 1:14).
The single word "freewill" is found seventeen times in the King James Bible (Lev 22:18,21,23; 23:38; Num 15:3; 29:39; Deut 12:6,17; 16:10; 23:23; 2 Chron 31:14; Ezra 1:4; 3:5; 7:13,16; 8:28; Psa 119:108), eighteen times in the New King James Version (Ex 35:29; 36:3; Lev 22:18,21,23; 23:38; Num 15:3; 29:39; Deut 12:6,17; 16:10; 2 Chron 31:14; Ezra 1:4; 3:5; 7:16; 8:28; Psa 119:108; Amos 4:5), twenty-three times in the New American Standard Bible (same as NKJV, plus 2 Chron 35:8; Ezra 1:6; Ezek 46:12), twenty-two times in the New International Version (same as NASB, excluding 2 Chron 35:8 and Psa 119:108, while adding Psa 54:6), and twenty-five times in the New Revised Standard Version (same as NIV, with the addition of 1 Chron 29:6,14 and Ezra 2:68).
Occurrences of the words "free will" in the New Covenant writings, from Matthew 1:1 through Revelation 22:21, are as follows. None (King James Version, New King James Version, New International Version), Once (New American Standard Bible, New American Bible, American Standard Version – Phile 1:14, ), Twice (Revised Standard Version and English Standard Version – 2 Cor 8:3; Phile 1:14; New Living Translation – 1 Cor 9:17; 2 Cor 8:3).
The single word "freewill" does not occur a single time in any major version of Matthew through Revelation.
The application of the word "freewill" is made to "offerings" ((Lev 22:18,21,23; 23:38; Num 15:3; 29:39; Deut 12:6,17; 16:10; 23:23; 2 Chron 31:14; Ezra 1:4; 3:5; 7:16; 8:28; Psa 119:108), and "going to Jerusalem" (only in the KJV – Ezra 7:13).
The uses of the words "free will" are as follows: a voluntary offering (Lev 1:3; 19:5; 22:19,29), contributing to a collection for the poor saints in Jerusalem (2 Cor 8:3), RSV Paul voluntarily preaching the Gospel (1 Cor 9:17), NLT and Philemon voluntarily receiving again his runaway slave Onesimus (Phil 1:14). NASB
The expression "the will of man" occurs twice in the King James Version, New King James Version, (John 1:13; 2 Pet 1:21), once in the New American Standard Bible (John 1:13), the New International Version (2 Pet 1:21), the New Revised Standard Version (John 1:13), and in the Revised Standard Version (John 1:13).
Doctrinally, "the will of man" is viewed as a liability, not an asset. Those who become the sons of God are said NOT to do so "by the will of man" (John 1:13). Additionally, the prophecies of old time, particularly regarding the salvation of God, were said to have come "not by the will of man" (2 Pet 1:21).
There is an obvious accent on the will OF GOD in Scripture, not on the will of man (Ezra 10:11; Psa 40:8; 143:10; Dan 4:3; 8:4; 11:3; Matt 6:10; 26:42;Mk 3:35; Lk 7:30; 11:2; 12:47; 22:42; John 7:17; 9:31; Acts 13:36; 22:14; Rom 1:10; 2:18; 8:27; 9:19; 12:2; 15:32; 1 Cor 1:1; 2 Cor 1:1; 8:5; Eph 1:1,1,5,9,11; 6:6; Col 1:1,9; 4:12; 1 Thess 4:3; 5:18; 2 Tim 1:1; 2:26; Heb 10:7,9,36; 13:21; 1 Pet 2:15; 3:17; 4:2,19; 1 John 2:17; 5:14; Rev 4:11).
God has spoken about the comeliness associated with being willing. When building the tabernacle, those who made contributions were to do so out of "a willing heart" (Ex 25:2; 35:5.21,22,29). When David gathered materials for the building of the Temple, those making contributions or performing required work were also to be "willing" (1 Chron 28:21; 29:5,6,9,14,17). During the time of the judges, there were occasions when the Lord "avenged Israel" because they "willingly offered themselves" (Judges 5:2,9). David admonished Solomon to serve God with a "willing mind" (1 Chron 28:9). The prophet Isaiah said to the people, "If ye be willing and obedient, ye shall eat the good of the land" (Isa 1:19). One of the mighty men of Jehosaphat, Amasiah, is said to have "willingly offered himself unto the Lord" (2 Chron 17:16). In Ezra's day, when the people rallied to go to Jerusalem and "build the house of the Lord," contributions were made by those who "willingly offered" of their substance (Ezra 1:6; 7:16). In Nehemiah's day, there were some who "willingly offered themselves to dwell at Jerusalem" (Neh 11:2). When collections were being gathered for the poor saints in Jerusalem, Paul told the people there must "first be a willing mind" (2 Cor 8:12).
All of the above occasions were the exception to the rule. As a rule, the Israelites were noted for being "a stiffnecked people" (Ex 32:9; Deut 9:6). That was their ordinary manner. However, this was not the intended outcome of God's "eternal purpose" – to have a people who were stiffnecked, rebellious, and unwilling. Therefore, He spoke of a time when this condition would change, and willingness would be the unmistakable trait of His people.
One key expression concerning the matter of willingness is found in the 110th Psalm. This is a prophetic Psalm that deals with the coming Savior and the manner of His gracious rule. There it is written, "Thy people shall be willing in the day of Thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew of thy youth" (Psa 110:3). Other versions represent the expression "willing in the day of Thy power" as "volunteer freely," NASB "offer themselves willingly," NIV "give themselves gladly," BBE and "serve you willingly." NLT This willingness would take place in a surrounding of beautiful holiness – "in the beauties of holiness." It would also be accomplished in an environment of light and illumination – "the womb of the morning." It would also be attended by youthful vigor and zeal – "the dew of thy youth."
The real sons of God do not serve Him out of a sense of fear and dread, but "serve Him without fear" of their enemies (Lk 1:74). The "day of His power" has brought a new awareness to them, and supplied them with new resources. It has resulted in them being created anew, with new capacities, new desires, and new objectives. What hindered them has been removed, and what they required has been placed within them.
Now, they do not balk at the commandments of the Lord, but rather they love them and hide them in their heart. Now, instead of running from God they say, "Here am I, send me" (Isa 6:8). Instead of asking that God speak no more to them they inquire, "What wilt Thou have me to do?" (Acts 9:6). Ah, willingness is such a blessed condition! It makes the yoke easy and the burden light. How willing are you? Your answer will tell you how much grace you have.
This is by no means an exhaustive listing of the various Scriptures having to do with the human will. However, the various manners in which the will of man is addressed are well represented. These are the Scriptural building blocks with which we can work if we are to build a proper concept of the human will.
If we were to take all of these above texts and cast them into a bag, then pour them out into a dish, is there any possibility that they would in any way promote the idea that man's "will" was free? Could we gather all of the letters of statements and their implications and spell "t-h-e f-r-e-e w-i-l-l o-f m-a-n" with them? Is there any possible way that all of them could fall together in such a way as to lead us to the conclusion that, in the matter of salvation, the will of the unsaved is free?
If we cannot shake these texts together so as to make them come out saying the will of unregenerate man is free, is there some way we can deal with the texts discreetly – one by one – and carefully build such a concept? If so, precisely how would you go about doing it?
Allow me to get straight to the point. I am affirming it is not possible take what God has said about the human will and unavoidably conclude that men, by nature, have a free will. I will say that those who affirm such a thing have either imposed their own idea upon Scripture, or are doing nothing more that passing along the opinion of one of their peers. I will further affirm that if the "free will of man" is essential for a proper context of salvation God must have said something that clearly affirms this to be the case.
Since man fell, there is not the slightest hint in the Word of God that he has, in any sense, remained free. Nor, indeed, is there any clear statement that affirms freedom in any sense can possibly exist outside of Jesus Christ.
The Human Condition Apart from Christ
I have no interest at all in the controversy that rages within the professed Christian world on this matter. My sole quest is to know the mind of the Lord on this subject, reconcile myself to it, and seek only the associated resolution offered by Him. I further insist that God's name cannot be affixed to any view that He Himself has not affirmed. Here are some of the inspired statements concerning man in his fallen state – which is the ONLY natural state that has existed since Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden.
2. The Divine assessment of humanity yields no favorable results. "The LORD looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there were any that did understand, and seek God. They are all gone aside, they are all together become filthy: there is none that doeth good, no, not one" (Psa 14:2-3).
3. Men are born into an environment of iniquity. "Behold, I was shapen in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me" (Psa 51:5).
4. Another Divine assessment of humanity yields no favorable results. "God looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there were any that did understand, that did seek God. Every one of them is gone back: they are altogether become filthy; there is none that doeth good, no, not one" (Psa 53:2-3).
5. The vanity of human thought is affirmed. "The LORD knoweth the thoughts of man, that they are vanity" (Psa 94:11).
6. The best of fallen humanity is not good enough. "But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away" (Isa 64:6).
7. Man is fundamentally corrupt. "The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?" (Jer 17:9).
8. Another Divine assessment of humanity yields no favorable results. "As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one: There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one" (Rom 3:10-12).
9. By nature, everyone is short of the Divine standard. "For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God" (Rom 3:23).
10. Contrary to being free, all who are outside of Christ are slaves. "I speak after the manner of men because of the infirmity of your flesh: for as ye have yielded your members servants to uncleanness and to iniquity unto iniquity; even so now yield your members servants to righteousness unto holiness. For when ye were the servants of sin, ye were free from righteousness" (Rom 6:20).
11. Sin works freely and without hindrance in those who are not in Christ. "For when we were in the flesh, the motions of sins, which were by the law, did work in our members to bring forth fruit unto death" (Rom 7:5).
12. Apart from Christ, all are under the devil's dominion. "And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins: wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience" (Eph 2:1-2).
13. Everyone outside of Christ is said to be without hope and without God. "That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world" (Eph 2:12).
14. All men have to be delivered from the power of darkness. "Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son" (Col 1:13).
15. Apart from Christ we were enemies in our mind. "And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled" (Col 1:21).
16. Prior to being saved, everyone is dead in our sins. "And you, being dead in your sins and the uncircumcision of your flesh, hath he quickened together with him, having forgiven you all trespasses" (Col 2:13).
To say the least, we should be suspicious of any theological view or approach that unduly exalts unregenerate man, ascribing to him ultimate goodness, or unshackled abilities or power. If there is any part of man that does not absolutely require regeneration – including the body – then that part need to be identified. But that is not enough. It then needs to be established with Scripture precisely what it means for man to be "born again" (John 3:3,7; 1 Pet 1:23), "begotten again" (1 Pet 1:3), or becoming a "new creation" (2 Cor 5:17). If there is some part of the "old" that is carried over into the "new," exactly what is it? If, in regeneration, something from Adam is retained, just what is it, and where is it clearly defined in the Scriptures? If, as some erroneously allege, the "new birth" is nothing more than a metaphor, then with what is it being compared, for a metaphor is, in fact a comparison. Is it being compared to a birth without a conception, or without the introduction of something totally new?
2. Nothing in all of Scripture suggests that God does not recognize something that is good and free. Yet, He has four times declared that He finds nothing good in man apart from Christ. The will cannot be excluded from that observation.
3. It is questionable, to say the least, that any aspect of our humanity can remain free although it is confined to a domain of iniquity.
4. If the thoughts of natural man are only vanity, what freedom can there possibly be in his will?
5. No part of man can possibly be free when his best is nothing more that filthy rags.
6. A free will cannot be possessed by one whose heart is deceitful and desperately wicked.
7. Those who come short of the glory of God cannot possibly have a liberated will.
8. Being slaves to unrighteous and dominated by the devil did not exclude our wills.
9. Our will was incapable of inhibiting the motions of sin from working within us. Therefore, it could not have been free.
10. The will cannot be free where there is no hope and we are without God.
11. The necessity of deliverance from the power of darkness confirms that our wills are not free prior to that deliverance.
12. Those who are enemies of God cannot have wills that are free, for that would contradict enmity.
13. The will of those who are "dead in trespasses and sins" cannot be free, for freedom is contrary to death.
When it comes to the matter of the cause of salvation, there is not a syllable of God's word that exalts the will of man. It is not one of the building blocks in the declaration and exposition of our Lord's "great salvation." In Christ, a sanctified will is always an effect, not a cause.
In delineating the reception of Christ, and becoming the sons of God, the Spirit speaks precisely. "But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name: Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God" (John 1:12-13). The new birth, then, is NOT the result of "human decision." NIV
Etymologically, the "will" is: "what one wishes or determines to be done," THAYER "will, design, purpose, what is willed," FRIBERG and "will, wish, desire." UBS The corruption of this part of man is seen in the contrast of life before and after being in Christ. "And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again" (2 Cor 5:15). Other versions read, "no longer live for themselves." NKJV/NASB/NIV The new birth is a line of demarcation between these two objectives: living for self, and living for the Lord. Prior to "newness of life," men – all men – lived "for themselves." Their will was absorbed with themselves, and thus it is not remotely possible that it was free, for outside of Christ, all men are "servants of sin" (Rom 6:17,20). Satan, the "prince of the power of the air," is the one who works in them (Eph 2:2), and they were "under the sway of the wicked one" NKJV (1 John 5:19).
It is no wonder, therefore, that being born again is not traced to "the will of man." Of course, if the will of the natural man was really free, this would not be the case.
Jesus spoke of Himself within the context of human bondage – a bondage to sin and the devil. He nowhere suggests that the bondage was partial, or that He came to liberate only a part or aspect of men. "Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on Him, If ye continue in My word, then are ye My disciples indeed; and ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free. They answered Him, We be Abraham's seed, and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest Thou, Ye shall be made free? Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin. And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever. If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed" (John 8:31-36).
Notice that the Jesus recognized that being made free inferred that the one being freed had been in bondage. His hearers remonstrated, saying that this statement could not possibly refer to them, for, they affirmed, they had "never yet been enslaved to anyone." NASB But that affirmation did not make it so! Jesus told them – and our generation as well – "everyone who commits sin is the slave of sin." NASB Could it be that He intended to insinuate that their wills were NOT enslaved to sin? If that is the case, then they would have sinned without wanting to do so, and where is such a foolish postulate found in the Word of God? Even Satan knew that Eve would not sin until she WANTED to do so. That is what his temptations are designed to do – make people want to sin. What is more, he has had 100% success among the race of men, with the single exception being the Son of God. Under such a circumstance, how would one go about establishing that the will was free? If he could not produce a solitary example of the triumph of the will for good apart from Christ, how could it be established that it was "free?" If men willed to do evil, chose to do wrong, and desired what was not right, precisely in what sense was their will free?
Jesus went on to say that the Son makes men free. To "make free" is to liberate someone who was in bondage. Such must be "set free." NIV Is it possible that the human will is excluded from this freedom? Was man's will inherently free, so that the work of Christ does not impact upon it? And, if it was truly free, then why did man consistently choose sin? Or, was he coerced to sin against his will? If that is the case, then how could such be described as "foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, and hating one another" (Titus 3:3).
Why is it that the day of Christ is described as one in which the people would be "willing," if that willingness was not a new thing (Psa 110:3)? Let no one doubt it! When the Son "makes" a person free, it has a great deal to do with their will. It then obtains capacities and inclinations that were not possessed prior to the freedom.
At one time, I had embraced the notion that the call to choose necessarily inferred an inherent ability to choose, or the unquestionable presence of "free will." Thus, when I assess this particular idea, I do not do so as one who is unfamiliar with this kind of reasoning. I must further acknowledge that I did not embrace this view because I had thought it out with the Lord, asked for wisdom concerning its verity, or been led to that conclusion by the affirmations of Scripture. Although I would probably have denied it at the time, I embraced the view because of theological statements to which I had been subjected – statements that were of man, through man, and to man. I had often heard men say, "As we all know, everyone has a free will." "God has given a free will to all of us." "God will not contradict our will, or force us to do something against our will." I had even heard it said, "In salvation God casts a vote for us, the devil casts a vote, and we cast the deciding vote." By the grace of God, I did see that this was not a well thought-out statement. The postulate that God made man with the ability to choose, purpose, and will is correct, for man is made in the Divine image. However, how man was MADE and how he IS presently, are not identical conditions. Sin changed the human nature, and it did so to such an staggering extent, that men now "must be born again," thereby obtaining a new nature.
Sin and the imposition of death has altered man's moral and spiritual condition. That is, his capacity to choose has been impacted, as well as his fundamental nature. Now, before he can be pleasing in the sight of God, or even perceive what God is doing, he "must be born again" (John 3:7). I suppose that someone might be bold enough say being born again has nothing to do with the human will or the ability to choose, but no person of sound thought will believe such an utterly foolish statement.
Precisely what has God said about human choice – particularly as it regards an association with Himself? If I place a high value on the ordinary approach to this subject, I will expect to find a plethora of Divine utterances on this matter. Here, however, is what I have found.
The Divine Summons to Choose
1. Moses: "I call heaven and earth to record this day against you, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing: therefore choose life, that both thou and thy seed may live" (Duet 30:19).
2. Joshua: "And if it seem evil unto you to serve the LORD, choose you this day whom ye will serve; whether the gods which your fathers served that were on the other side of the flood, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell: but as for me and my house, we will serve the LORD" (Josh 24:15).
3. Isaiah: "For thus saith the LORD unto the eunuchs that keep my sabbaths, and choose the things that please me, and take hold of my covenant" (Isa 56:4).
Apart from these three admonitions, there is very little about any person being exhorted to make a choice regarding the Lord Himself, obeying Him, or obtaining His blessing. This by no means suggests that men are not obliged to make the proper choice. It does mean that this is not a Scriptural emphasis. This is not the way holy men have sought to constrain their listeners or readers to move toward the Lord. I say this with an understanding that the Gospel will, when believed, motivate the people to choose life. As well, the devil's temptation, when entertained, will motivate people to choose death. However, to me, this is the whole point of the matter. God moves people with the "record He has given of His Son" (1 John 5:10-11). The overriding obligation imposed upon men is not to choose, but to BELIEVE. What is more, believing is not done with the will, but with the heart. As it is written, "with the heart man believeth unto righteousness" (Rom 10:10).
For purposes of clarity, this is not a denial of the human will itself, or of the necessity of its involvement in living toward the Lord. It is, however, a denial of the freedom of the will outside of Jesus Christ. Outside of Christ man has a mind, a conscience, and a soul, as well as a will. But none of them are truly "free" until the person is born again and "in Christ."
Now, as I have already asked, does the requirement of choosing suggest that man is FREE to choose? If so, how is it that all men, with the solitary exception of Jesus, CHOSE to sin? Or, is it possible that there is a single soul in all of history that has sinned without choosing to do so, or being willing to do so? Who is it that is bold enough to step forward and defend such a postulate? How is it possible to look at a totally fallen race, believe that "all have sinned," are "dead in trespasses and sins," and are "servants of sin," then affirm they have a "free will," or the ability to "refuse the evil choose the good?" Is that not a trait that was said to characterize the Messiah Himself (Isa 7:15-16)? And, if a person cannot distinguish good from evil, how can his will possibly be free?
The fact that Jesus commanded a palsied man to pick up his bed and walk (Mark 2:11), did not suggest that the man really had the ability to walk, and only needed to choose to do so. If that word from Jesus was not accompanied with Divine power ("for His word was with power" – Lk 4:32), who does not know that palsied man never would have walked? Even so, it is the power that accompanies the Gospel (which is "the power of God unto salvation" – Rom 1:16) that enables a person to be willing and make the right choice.
The Pre-Conversion Experience of Paul
Rather than the commandment of God awakening an inherently free will, and enabling a proper choice, it actually awakens the sinful nature, moving a person even deeper into the zone of spiritual death. Thus Paul said of his life before Christ, "But sin, taking occasion BY the commandment, wrought in me all manner of concupiscence. For without the law sin was dead. For I was alive without the law once: but when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died. And the commandment, which was ordained to life, I found to be unto death. For sin, taking occasion by the commandment, deceived me, and by it slew me" (Rom 7:8-11).
As if this text was not strong enough in the King James Version, here is how it reads in the Amplified Bible. "But sin, finding opportunity in the commandment [to express itself], got a hold on me and aroused and stimulated all kinds of forbidden desires (lust, covetousness). For without the Law sin is dead [the sense of it is inactive and a lifeless thing]. Once I was alive, but quite apart from and unconscious of the Law. But when the commandment came, sin lived again and I died (was sentenced by the Law to death). [Ps. 73:22.] And the very legal ordinance which was designed and intended to bring life actually proved [to mean to me] death. Lev. 18:5.] For sin, seizing the opportunity and getting a hold on me [by taking its incentive] from the commandment, beguiled and entrapped and cheated me, and using it [as a weapon], killed me. The Law therefore is holy, and [each] commandment is holy and just and good."
Keep in mind, this was not speaking of overt transgression, for Paul was not guilty of that. He was, in fact, "blameless" concerning "the righteousness which is in the law" (Phil 3:6) – that is, he was outwardly blameless. The enslavement of which Paul speaks was inward, where the will existed. We know this is the case, because Paul cites the particular transgression that bludgeoned him because of the commandment. "What shall we say then? is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, THOU SHALT NOT COVET But sin, taking occasion by the commandment, wrought in me all manner of concupiscence. For without the law sin was dead" (Rom 7:8). Covetousness and concupiscence are inward sins of the will. They have to do with desires and choices, which are expressions of the will. The fact that they broke forth in Paul, being provoked by a holy, spiritual, and good Law, confirmed the BONDAGE of his will, not the freedom of it. They (covetousness and concupiscence) are both sins one CHOOSES to do. They are both sins of the will.
To my knowledge, the choosing of wrong, or a willingness to sin, is NEVER associated with freedom – like being "free to sin," or "free do choose evil." Sin, in all of its multifarious forms, is associated with bondage and servitude, not freedom! (Prov 5:22; John 8:34; Acts 8:23; Rom 6:16,17,18,20,22). No person who sins is in any sense free. That is why the salvation of God is associated with setting captives free, making free, and setting at liberty (Lk 4:18; Rom 6:22; 8:2; 2 Cor 3:17; Gal 5:1). The ability to choose is involved in being made free by Jesus. Freedom of the will and of choice does not exist before we are born again. It belongs to the "newness of life" category.
It is true that man is under the obligation to "choose the good," and to "choose life." But that does not mean he is free to do so. Obligation does not suggest an innate ability to fulfill that obligation. This was thoroughly made known in the administration of the Law. Men were obligated to keep the Law, and the person who broke it was consigned to death. Yet, whether we are speaking of a single prohibition, like that given to Adam and Eve, Ten Commandments like those given to Israel, the various ceremonial laws given to Israel, or the law of the conscience that resided in the Gentiles, we cannot come up with a single individual in all of human history that was perfectly obedient. Does that circumstance suggest freedom or bondage? liberty or servitude?
The Law stood as a sentinel, informing "all the world" of its moral and spiritual impotence – including the will and the ability to choose. From this perspective, rather than the Law merely showing what men ought and ought not to do, it actually was given "that every mouth might be stopped, and all the world become guilty before God" (Rom 3:19).
From yet another perspective, it was given "that sin by the commandment might become exceeding sinful" (Rom 7:13). That is, that the human condition might APPEAR to the hearer of the Law to be what it actually was. In other words, without God the human condition was a hopeless one. It could not even be known, much less corrected by humanity. That condition could only be corrected by someone other than the sinner himself, and the Law convinced those who took it seriously of that fact. That is why the Law is described as a "schoolmaster to bring us to Christ" (Gal 3:24).
Man requires more than a directive to choose the good, or even be willing to do so. Divine light must invade the citadel of the soul before there is even the faintest desire to seek and please God. This is why David prayed so fervently for illumination and enlightenment (Psa 13:3; 16:11; 18:28; 25:4; 119:34,73,125,144,169). Although he was under the Law, he got the lesson of the Law, and thus realized he needed a new heart and a right spirit (Psa 51:10). Although David advanced far beyond his peers, he did not obtain what we have in Christ Jesus. He, together with other noble and believing souls, were "not made perfect" – even in the matter of will and choice. As it is written, "God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect" (Heb 11:40). This accounts for some of the things those before Christ did that were wholly incompatible with life in Christ Jesus. They simply did not have the resources that have been opened to men in Christ.
Perhaps you have heard someone say, "God does not violate our free moral agency," or "God will not impose His will upon men," or "God always leaves men free to choose," or come similar statement. If we are speaking of salvation, this is true. God does not force men to be saved against their will, or without their personal involvement. He does not drag men into heaven, kicking and screaming all of the way. That is why the day of salvation is characterized in this manner: "The people shall be willing in the day of Thy power" (Psa 110:3). For example, even though Paul was separated unto God from his "mother's womb" (Gal 1:15), he zealously fought against Christ and those who believed on him during the first part of adulthood (Acts 8:1,3; 9:1-2). Even though he heard an unparalleled proclamation by Stephen, he consented to his death, unwilling to believe him, and choosing to consent unto his death. Yet, in due time, God "revealed His Son in" Paul (Gal 1:16), and he became "willing in the day of His power." Then, with renewed will, Paul asked Jesus what He wanted him to do, obeying him to the finest detail (Acts 9:3-20). God did not impose himself upon Paul, but graciously illuminated and led him. This is His way in the matter of salvation.
However, God's dealings with men are not always related to saving them. To confirm that man's will is not free, and his ability to choose is not liberated by nature, God has imposed Himself upon men in matters of judgment. In these cases, what the people wanted or desired was set aside, and the will of the Lord prevailed.
ADAM AND EVE. When Adam and Eve stood guilty before their Creator, they did not volunteer to leave the Garden. Instead, God imposed HIS will upon them, and "drove out the man." If fallen man willed and chose to go back into the Garden, God again imposed His will upon him by placing "Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life" (Gen 3:24).
THE FLOOD. Here is an epochal judgment that violated the free will of every person in the world, except for "eight souls" (1 Pet 3:20). The world was not free to choose life, but were summarily consigned to death BECAUSE of wills and their choice.
SODOM AND GOMORRAH. No one in Sodom and Gomorrah volunteered to come unto the curse of God. They had the testimony of Lot, who "vexed his righteous soul from day to day with their unlawful deeds" (2 Pet 2:7), but they gave him no heed. Instead, they chided him saying, "This one fellow came in to sojourn, and he will needs be a judge" (Gen 19:9). God then imposed His will upon them, overthrowing "those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground" (Gen 19:25).
PHARAOH. This ruler of Egypt stands as an example of what God can do to a man. God declares that He "raised up" this man, to show in him His "great power; and that" His "name may be declared in all the earth" (Ex 9:16). Defying all laws of reason, this man "hardened his heart" against the God of heaven, acting more as a wild beast than as a man. Thrice it is stated that Pharaoh "hardened his heart" (Ex 8:15,32; 9:34). Yet, in explanation of this totally irrational decision, it is said that God Himself hardened Pharaoh's heart. Three times God affirmed to Moses, "I will harden his [Pharaoh's] heart" (Ex 4:21; 7:3; 14:4). He even said He would "harden the hearts of the Egyptians," so they would pursue Israel after they had escaped from Egypt (Ex 14:17). Five times it is written, "the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart" (Ex 9:12; 10:20,27; 11:10; 14:8). Four times it is written, "Pharaoh's heart was hardened" (Ex 7:22; 8:19; 9:7,35), indicating it was something imposed upon him. Thus we have fifteen references to Pharaoh's heart being hardened. The first occurred when Moses first returned to Egypt, upon being commissioned by God at the burning bush (Ex 4:21). The last occurred when Pharaoh decided to pursue Israel, which pursuit consummated in the overthrow of "Pharaoh and his host in the Red Sea" (Psa 136:15). Although it is written that Pharaoh hardened his own heart, he did so because God had judged him, just as He said He would.
SIHON. Here is a king in whom God so worked that He might deliver him into the hand of the journeying Israelites. As they moved toward Canaan, they had to pass through Heshbon, God determined to give Israel their land. He facilitated HIS will by doing the following. "But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day. And the LORD said unto me, Behold, I have begun to give Sihon and his land before thee: begin to possess, that thou mayest inherit his land" (Deut 2:30-31). Judge for yourself whether Sihon had a free will and the freedom of choice.
THE BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY. Because of Israel's refusal to honor the land-sabbath every seventh year, God imposed the seventy-year Babylonian captivity upon them. This is not something they chose, even though Jeremiah prophesied of it to them, and exhorted them not to fight the Chaldeans, but submit to them (Jer 25:28; 27:8; 38:17-18). False prophets arose among the people, telling them they would never be subject to the Babylonians, and had no cause to fear such a thing (Jer 37:19). Yet, the captivity came, and lasted the full seventy years that were prophesied – imposed upon the people, whether they wanted it or not (Jer 27:20).
NEBUCHADNEZZAR. Here was a world ruler, who worked his will in the earth, appearing to be invincible (Jer 49:30; Ezek 26:7-12). Yet, in a single hour, God imposed insanity and "a beast's heart" upon this king, so that he spent seven full years in the fields, eating grass with oxen, with the dew of heaven laying upon him (Dan 4:16,25,32,3). Nebuchadnezzar could certainly testify to the utter impotence of the human will and the right to choose! The will and ability to choose are not to be taken for granted, as though nature supplied and preserved them.
HEROD. Here was who was at the peak of power and prestige. His will appeared to be superior to others, as he "stretched his hands to vex certain of the church." It is written that "he killed James the brother of John with the sword," then set out to do the same with Peter, apprehending him and putting him into prison (Acts 12:1-3). On an appointed day, Herod put on his royal apparel, and "sat upon his throne, and made an oration" unto the people. His speech was so impressive that the people "gave a shout saying, It is the voice of a god, and not a man." With no delay, it is said of one of the unseen personalities there, "the angel of the Lord smote him, because he gave not God the glory: and he was eaten of worms, and gave up the ghost" (Acts 12:21-23). The angel overrode Herod's will and power of choice!
THE DAY OF JUDGMENT. The day of judgment will be the consummate demonstration of the imposition of the Divine will. As upon the earth, that imposition will not be for good. No person who fought against God, resisted the Spirit, or remained a friend of this world, will find himself wafted into heaven. All such souls will be consigned to a place to which they do not want to go. They will be banished to a place they did not consciously choose or prefer or want. The dreadful words will be heard before an assembled universe, "Depart from Me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels" (Matt 25:41). Those miserable stewards who have squandered their Master's good's will hear the dreadful pronouncement, "cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth" (Matt 25:30). Needless to say, the proponents of free will and freedom of choice will be standing with their hands upon their mouths, blushing for shame and shaking with fear.
At this point, several conclusions are in order. For me, these have been shaped by what the Lord has and has not said concerning the human will.
1. The Scriptures never affirm that the human will is "free,"
2. The fall of man impacted upon his entire being – spirit, soul, and body.
3. The will is an integral part of man, and therefore was affected by the fall.
4. Doctrinally, freedom is never associated with the natural state.
5. Men are "made" free, and thus are not free from the womb.
6. Apart from Christ, the will of man is one of the keys to his perpetual waywardness.
7. Those who are slaves to sin and Satan cannot in any way boast of freedom.
8. What man was in creation has been influenced by the entrance and domination of sin.
9. The will must be involved in the new birth. It is not a static part of man.
10. A race that cannot produce a single individual that has not chosen to sin, cannot boast of freedom of choice.
11. A generation of whom it is said, "the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth" ought not speak of the freedom of its will.
12. How can freedom be proposed if there is no none among the people who has taken advantage of it?
13. If every person has gone astray, has not the "will" and the ability to "choose" contributed to the condition?
14. If God does not say that man's will is "free," precisely what has induced men to say it?
15. How is it that Satan has deceived "the whole world" if the "will" is free?
16. God affirms what HE wills is the driving force, and not what man wills (Rom 9:16).
17. The will of man is never the subject of Scriptural exposition.
18. Man by nature is depicted as competing with God ("enmity against"), confirming that the will is not free.
19. The will of man is only as free as his vision is accurate – a quality that characterizes reconciled man, not the natural man.
Now, I leave you to ponder the matter, and see if the facts in the case do not justify refusing to think of men outside of Christ as having a will that is free.
406 S, Sergeant St
Joplin, MO 64801
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Pill Reminder Alarm System Questions
Pill Reminder Alarm for home use.
The Med-Q Pill Reminder alarm system is a 21st Century solution to an age-old problem. A smart pill dispenser feature's ensure the right pills are taken at the right time. 90% of seniors make medication mistakes.
Mom forgetting prescription medications will get worse as she gets older. The old fashion pill boxes have not lowered the 90% figure. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recognizes that there is a wide variety of automatic pill dispensers , and the potential benefits that they offer.
What if the Senior is hard of hearing?
Every automatic pill reminder has unique features and the different options. The Med-Q smart automatic pill reminder has a bright flashing LED Light and a loud beeping medication reminder. The Med-Q Pill Box Alarm gets louder and louder for the hard of hearing. This is an important life saving feature. The flashing pill box guides will tell Mom it's pill time without hearing the alarm.
Should I get a smart pill box for my parents?
Our primary buyers are children buying the Med-Q for their Parents. This is for caregiver's that live far away from their Loved Ones. Med-Q Pill Reminder replaces phone call reminders.
Med-Q Pill reminder Alarm uses Technology to make forgetting and overdosing virtually impossible. No more Mom forgetting pills or Dad forgetting medication.
A pill reminder Alarm system is important
If you don't follow your doctor's directions and take your pills as directed, you will not receiving their full benefit. Additionally, many elders have difficulty remembering what meds to take and when to take them. There is no overall statistic on how many adults who get a prescription fail to take it as prescribed by their doctor.
Government studies estimate the number is around 45 to 55 percent. A survey of almost 77,000 seniors, over 75 percent who got a prescription filled in the last year said they had not filled a prescription or forgot to take their pills.


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Your question needs to be taken apart first. First off, it's equally valid to say that the world if full of truths, it has as much meaning as a world full of lies. Also, it should be remarked how the question is "How can you live in a world full of lies?" instead of "How can I live in a world full of lies?"
Perhaps you do not understand why people lie to you or perhaps you have trouble understanding why you find yourself lying as well sometimes. There are a few things that may help you there:
- Understand that individual knowledge can be very limited. Most people simply don't know that what they believe and say is false. Don't attribute to malice what can attributed to stupidity.
- People tend to protect themselves. Being truthful often feels vulnerable to them. Think of how some people abuse the insecurities and secrets of others, this eventually causes people to start lying to them. If people lie to you a lot, it may be because you are too judgmental or too indiscreet!
- Lies beget lies. In the same way you can get people to be more honest by being honest yourself.
Lies in general are part of the "human condition". It's not something to be particularly sad or angry about, it is what it is. Trying to understand this particular mechanism is a good first step towards acceptance of who we are though. So your question, while perhaps not phrased in the best way, is a good start.
How can you live in a world full of lies? Answered
How can we?????
Your question needs to be taken apart first. First off, it's equally valid to say that the world if full of truths, it has as much meaning as a world full of lies. Also, it should be remarked how the question is "How can you live in a world full of lies?" instead of "How can I live in a world full of lies?"
Everyone lies how do you live with it? You just do. The strong live with corpution and wear a smile the weak give up and decide not to live.
By having within myself things which are not lies. By sharing these things. My glass is half full, and it's a pretty good glass.
Try focusing on your own good character rather than the weaknesses of others. Use the dissapointments and trials of life to stregthen and build yourself up rather than letting it get to you. Be honest. Do what you say, when you say you will do it. Treat others with respect even if you feel they dont deserve it. Give generously without expectation of return. Do everything in moderation except Love. That cannot be over done but is the hardest thing to do sometimes. That may sound corny but it gets me through.
Cause the only other option* is worse?
*Not living. I've considered that option frequently, you can see what I've chosen.
By focusing on how often people tell the truth (or at least attempt to tell the truth). Would you really even care about lies if there weren't a powerful amount of truth out there? Similarly, you may be upset at the number of car wrecks. You certainly want to reduce their numbers. But just for a moment as you get out of the car, take some time to deeply appreciate the fact that you are still alive and unharmed. Focusing on good things that didn't happen and bad things that did is easy. Focusing on bad things that didn't happen and good things that did is harder, but very much worthwhile.
By fighting injustice!!! to cover my plans for world domination.
One day at a time...


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Bike Fixtation allows cyclists to pump up the tires for free and make simple adjustments using supplied tools.
You can even purchase needed bicycle parts in a vending machine.
First self-service bicycle repair station was installed at the Uptown Transit Station in Minneapolis.
If it becomes popular, we will see more Bike Fixtations around the world.


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Tuition & Fees 2019-20
Please select individual tuitions & fees links for Undergraduate, Graduate and University College students.
RWU reserves the right to change any of the following charges at the University's discretion and without prior notice. Additional charges may be applicable for specific areas of study.
Questions concerning University charges should be directed to the Office of the Bursar at (401) 254-3520.
Important - Payment Address Information
Payment Address:
TMS Billing Services
ATTN: RWU Bursar Office
P.O. Box 809190
Chicago, IL
Scholarship and Loan Check Address:
Roger Williams University
ATTN: Bursar Office
Scholarship and Loan Processing
One Old Ferry Road
Bristol, RI.
Overnight Payment Address:
Roger Williams University
ATTN: Bursar Office
One Old Ferry Road
Bristol, RI
International and Domestic Wire Transfer Information:
Flywire is RWU's preferred method for all international and domestic wire transfers. Flywire allows you to pay from any country and any bank. They offer excellent foreign exchange rates, allowing you to pay in your home currency (in most cases) and save a significant amount of money, compared to traditional banks. You will be able to track the progress of your payment throughout the transfer process via a student dashboard and you will also be notified via email when your payment is received by RWU.


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2x4 Basics 90158 Workbench- black
- Can be customized to any size
- Four legs, two packs of hardware and instruction manual is provided
- Structure is very durable and sturdy
- Reviews
- Description
- Specifications
- Benefits
2x4 Basics 90158 Workbench- black
Are you looking for a shelving unit to hold all the heavy equipment in your garage or work shed? In need of a durable workbench that will be able to hold heavy objects but still can be constructed with minimum effort? Then the 2x4 Basics 90158 Workbench-black will check all the right boxes for you. You will be able to clear up the cramped garage and make sure that every equipment has a place without having to go through a lot of trouble to find it each time.
Why is Basics Workbench so appealing?
Though the workbench comes in an unassembled state, you will be able to assemble all the parts quickly. All that you have to do is use the two by four frame and some plywood all the while employing some simple engineering to construct the 2x4 Basics 90158 Workbench -black. The work bench is completely customizable, and you can add any lumber of your choice as it is not included along with the package.
Basics 90158 Workbench
Based on what your requirements are, you will be able to decide what size the workbench should be. The whole two by four structure can be used for storing items that could even weigh up to 1000 pounds. But if you just want to store small power tools, then you can just construct the two by two structure. There are four legs included in the package, and it is made up of heavy resin. All the necessary hardware packs are provided along with it and the instruction set that has to be used to assemble the bench is included.
Assembling of the Workbench
A screwdriver saw, and the wrench is all you need to build the workbench. You will be able to follow the instructions to assemble the workbench by using straight 90 degree cuts. Assemble the legs along with the plywood of your choice using the hardware that is provided in the pack and tighten the whole structure.
Guaranteed Satisfaction.
- Up To 30 days to return your purchase
- Money back guaranteed
- Free return shipping
- No restocking fees
- Model: 90158
- Product Type: 2x4 Basics 90158 Workbench - black
- Product Dimensions: L: 14.20" x W: 3.30" x H: 8.30"
- Product Weight: 14.00 lbs.
- Product Color: Black
- Additional Information: Make a unit as small as 2' x 2' to use as a power tool stand, or make the largest workbench available on the market
- Additional storage can be created in areas like the garage, shed, basement, rooms, etc.
- Additional storage space can create by constructing the entire two by four structure.
- Assembly process is very easy and does not require any special tools.
- If only small things have to be stored, then two by two structure will be useful.
- The legs are solvent-resistant and will be able to form a durable structure
- The shelf will be able to hold up to 1000 pounds.


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Firm News | Ranked as TOP TIER by Legal 500 in 2018
- Details
- Veröffentlicht: 16. Oktober 2018
Bhering Advogados was ranked in the 2018 edition of Legal 500 Latin American as a TOP TIER firm in the area of Intellectual Property. Click here for more details of this important recognition.
The publication cited that Bhering Advogados is a "Go-to firm" with "significant geographical coverage, with offices in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Curitiba", which "maintains close relationships with international and local clients". Additionally, it was added that "the team provides thorough, complete and accurate responses", and "reports new developments in a timely manner".
Pedro Bhering was highlighted as a leading lawyer in the area of Intellectual Property in Brazil.
Philippe Bhering and Isabel Milman were also recommended. According to the guide, Philippe Bhering receives praise for being "very skilled, responsive and helpful". The guide also states that he "makes a personal investment in doing a good job and providing excellent service".
Reputable British researcher Legal 500, published for over 20 years, has analyzed the legal market in over 100 jurisdictions and identified the leading law practitioners and law firms through interviews held with thousands of professionals and their clients. Its credibility is based on the independent and objective character of its research.
More about Legal 500 is available at www.legal500.com


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She called home a small cabin in the woods, but really, she said, it was an abandoned place off the utility grid.
She's come a long way, helping Bernie Karl build his Chena Hot Springs Resort into an international prototype of renewable energy in action, and she recently was named director of the Alaska Center for Energy and Power at University of Alaska. Holdmann is a hot commodity in state legislative circles, with Senate and House energy committees repeatedly requesting her testimony on a variety of energy issues.
But she and her family, including twin babies, still live off the grid, now by choice.
The lifestyle has brought home to the engineer how crucial affordable energy is to the way we live.
"I've never lived on the grid," Holdmann said.
"I've never had electricity since I moved to Alaska, never had running water. I got really interested in energy because I didn't have any.
"We really need energy; it's just this tool we use in our lives for all the beneficial types of things that we have and that we can't take for granted. It's a really interesting thing for me."
Growing up in Wisconsin, Holdmann entertained dreams of Alaska living from an early age. The majestic beauty and wide-open spaces captivated her, a pull that grew stronger as she got involved with sled dogs at a Minnesota kennel.
She majored in engineering and physics at Bradley University in Illinois on a full tennis scholarship a sport the University of Alaska doesn't offer, or else she'd have moved north earlier.
The day she graduated from college, she packed her rig and headed to the Alaska Highway, destination Fairbanks, with dreams of running the Yukon Quest.
"I didn't know anyone and I didn't have a job per se, but I did have sled dogs," she said. "I wanted to be a musher."
In Fairbanks, Holdmann studied at UAF's Geophysical Institute for several years before taking leave to run the Quest in 1998.
The school was focused on research, but not on the real-world, applied research Holdmann was passionate about. She'd grown a bit disillusioned.
Holdmann returned to applied work as a design engineer for renewable energy systems at ABS Alaskan.
"It was more real, more tied to real life and the problems people deal with every day," she said.
She launched her own business, Your Own Power Company, and eventually left ABS to join Karl at the hot springs 60 miles east of Fairbanks, where she stayed more than four years.
"It was just a super-awesome opportunity to take this resort that was really inefficient and had a lot of issues in terms of energy costs, and try to turn everything around and make it as close to 100 percent renewable energy as we can," she said.
The two enjoyed a synergistic partnership, but Holdmann wanted to bring energy solutions to a broader audience. She transferred to the university's Alaska Center for Energy and Power, serving as acting director until earning the official title in July.
It's a challenge she relishes as she seeks not only to bolster renewable portfolios, but to make traditional energy production more efficient.
"There's a place for renewables and renewables are really important, but we need to be prudent about all types of resources we have in Alaska," she said. "Those resources belong to all of us, current and future Alaskans. We have so many opportunities here; it's just an amazing state."
Energy consumes much of Holdmann's time, and she loves it.
She's concluded that there is no single energy solution for Alaska, where needs are as diverse as resources. She's interested in how to drive state investment in projects that most directly benefit the state, and is hopeful for a state energy policy to set that direction.
"That's the kind of thing I think about in the middle of the night," Holdmann said. "What can we really do to think about energy and distribution in Alaska that's totally outside the box? What can we do here that could be really extraordinary and really set us on the path to being an international leader, not just in the use of our resources, but also in energy policy?"
Dogs remain a mainstay of Holdmann's world, although she hasn't been on a sled since her twins were born in August 2008.
Her husband, Ken Anderson, a noted musher who finished the 2008 Iditarod second to Lance Mackey, mushes full-time. That allows Holdmann to at least run dogs vicariously.
"He basically runs dogs, and I engineer solutions to energy," Holdmann said, a wide smile breaking. "I always feel like I'm the luckiest person on the planet, because I get to do all the things I love to do."
They lived in a 14-by-16 cabin for years, until recently building a 24-by-28 place on their own.
"It's still pretty small by most standards, but for us, it seems like a mansion," she smiled.
Their log home is powered with solar panels, batteries and a diesel generator, and they're hoping to invest soon in a wind turbine to supplement the renewable portfolio.
"We're just really conscious of how we use our energy and how much it costs," Holdmann said. "It just made me really aware of what the different options are and made me start to think more about energy on a society basis."
They run several vehicles on waste vegetable oil, although Holdmann, a busy mother of twins, said she occasionally fills the tank with regular diesel.
"I have to admit that I cheat sometimes," she laughed. "You can't do everything."


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Jeremy Rincon
Published Saturday, Sept. 23, 2017 | 2 a.m.
Updated Saturday, Sept. 23, 2017 | 12:59 p.m.
If there was a lesson learned on Saturday, it was that monumental upsets by 40-point underdogs are the rare exception. Howard is a nice story, but the reality is usually closer to UNLV's blowout loss at Ohio State, as the favored home team used its superior size, speed and athleticism to rout the Rebels, 54-21.
Even with two weeks of prep time, UNLV was no match for the No. 10 team in the nation. Ohio State quarterback J.T. Barrett threw five touchdown passes in the first half alone, and the Buckeyes scored TDs on six of their seven first-half drives to take a 44-7 lead into the break.
Related content
UNLV's offense struggled to find success either through the air or on the ground. Freshman quarterback Armani Rogers was picked off twice before halftime, and Ohio State out-gained the Rebels by a margin of 664 yards to 264 yards for the game.
With the loss, UNLV falls to 1-2 on the season. Mountain West play begins next week, when the Rebels will host San Jose State.
A quick look at the key takeaways from the Ohio State loss:
Unstoppable Buckeyes
Ohio State was simply too fast, too athletic and too skilled on offense, and the UNLV defense never stood a chance.
On the Buckeyes' second play from scrimmage, junior receiver Parris Campbell took a simple swing pass from Barrett, accelerated through two defenders at the line of scrimmage and outran the rest of the UNLV defense for a 69-yard touchdown.
A few minutes later, Campbell returned a free kick 82 yards before being brought down inside the UNLV 10-yard line. Barrett threw another touchdown pass a few plays later.
OSU head coach Urban Meyer had so little respect for the UNLV defense, he went for it on fourth-and-goal on two separate occasions, without even pausing to consider the decisions. Both times, Barrett threw touchdown passes that further sucked the life out of the Rebels' defense.
For the game, Ohio State averaged 7.9 yards per play. UNLV forced just two punts (none in the first half). Unfortunately for the Rebels, scheme and design had nothing to do with the defensive performance on Saturday — Ohio State was just better, and by a lot.
Rebels come out throwing
Tony Sanchez said during the week that it would be a fool's errand to run straight ahead into the Ohio State defensive front, and the Rebels' game plan reflected that. UNLV put the ball in Armani Rogers' hands and let the young quarterback sling it early, but the results just weren't there.
UNLV attempted passes on five of its first six plays, and at one point in the first quarter Rogers threw it on seven consecutive plays. But due to a combination of pass-rush pressure, tight coverage and errant throws, he went 8-of-15 for just 63 yards in the first half, and he was picked off twice by the OSU defense.
"We struggled to run the ball," Sanchez told the ESPN 1100 radio postgame show. "That was one of the biggest things. We tried to find a way early on to run the football, but (Ohio State is) so stingy up front, we had to put the ball in the air."
Rogers finished the game with just 88 passing yards and zero touchdowns. The good news is that with Ohio State in the rear view mirror, UNLV can return to its preferred run-heavy game plan next week against San Jose State.
Back to reality
After their thumping at the hands of Ohio State, the Rebels will head back to their own weight class next week when Mountain West play begins. As cynical as it may sound, the biggest key for UNLV against OSU may have been getting out of the game without any serious injuries, which it appears they accomplished.
Wide receiver Kendal Keys left the field limping in the first half, and kicker/punter Evan Pantels was forced out of the game in the fourth quarter. More should be known about their status early next week.
Ohio State is the best team UNLV will face all season. From this point on, the Rebels will have to go 5-4 against more comparable competition in order to finish 6-6 and qualify for a bowl game.
Mike Grimala can be reached at 702-948-7844 or [email protected]. Follow Mike on Twitter at twitter.com/mikegrimala.


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Welcome to Scottish Hills!
You won't find a more family-friendly, active pool community than Scottish Hills Recreational Club (SHRC) nestled in beautiful Cary, North Carolina. We are a member-owned pool and take great pride in everything we offer.
Membership is open to everyone and being a member of Scottish Hills means belonging to a community that takes summer seriously. From our famous 4th of July Celebration to our Cardboard Boat Regatta, Corn Hole Tournaments, Sea Lion Olympics and movie nights, it's a great place for you and your family to make the most of your summer.
You'll find a wealth of information here on our website regarding membership, swim lessons, swim team, dive team, socials and more. Please contact us if we can answer any questions for you or if you'd like to tour our facility and talk to our members.
We welcome you to Scottish Hills!
For more information about becoming a member, check out our Membership page, schedule a tour by contacting our membership coordinator, or stop by (in season). Then complete a membership application and get ready for a great summer!
We want you to be a Sea Lion! Our swim team page and dive team page have all the information you need whether you are a current member or thinking about joining.
We offer small group swim lessons by Red Cross certified instructors for both members and non-members. Find all the details here!
News for 2019 —
New Member Fee Structure for 2019
Since 2018, SHRC Membership requires a non-refundable $100 application fee and a non-refundable membership fee of $150 plus annual membership dues. (The $500 membership fee is no longer needed to start enjoying your summer at SHRC.)
Annual Dues Stay Same in 2019
Annual dues for the 2019 season will remain the same as the 2017 & 2018 rate: $400 for an individual, $450 for a 2-person membership, and $500 for a family.