text:
- "He wore a tall pointed grey hat, a long grey cloak, and a silver scarf. He had a long white beard and bushy eyebrows that stuck out beyond the brim of his hat."
- —The Fellowship of the Ring, "A Long-expected Party"
Gandalf (Norse; IPA: [gand:alf] - "Elf of the Wand" or "Wand-elf") the Grey, later known as Gandalf the White, and originally named Olórin (Quenya; IPA: [oˈloːrin] - "Dreamer" or "Of Dreams"), was an Istar (wizard), sent by the West in the Third Age to combat the threat of Sauron. He joined Thorin and his company to reclaim the Lonely Mountain from Smaug, convoked the Fellowship of the Ring to destroy the One Ring, and led the Free Peoples in the final campaign of the War of the Ring.
Years of the Lamps
Originally called Olórin, he was accounted as the wisest of the Maiar (with the possible exception of Melian). He was a Maia of Manwë and Varda. He also served under two other Valar, such as Irmo and Nienna. When the Valar decided to send the order of the Istari (also known as Wizards) to Middle-earth, to counsel and assist all those in Middle-earth who opposed the Dark Lord Sauron, Manwë and Varda decided to include Olórin among the five who were sent.
At first, Olórin was nervous and described himself as too weak and too afraid of Sauron. Manwë understood, and told him that that was one main reason why he should go, to overcome that fear. Thus, he insisted that Olórin should go as the third, but Varda convinced him not to include Olórin as the third, but as the second.[1] Olórin agreed, and prepared for his departure from the Undying Lands with the other four wizards.
Third Age
Arrival in Middle-earth
When he arrived to Middle-earth, he received Narya, the ring of fire, from Círdan the Shipwright.[2] Olórin, renamed Gandalf, spent many centuries walking among the elves as a stranger, learning from them and teaching them. He later revealed himself as one of the Istari, and eventually became known as the wisest of and most powerful of that order. He joined the White Council, which was formed to investigate a dark power in Dol Guldur, of which Galadriel wanted him to become the leader, yet Saruman came to lead the Council instead of him.[3] Although Saruman was initially more powerful and more knowledgeable about many matters regarding Sauron and the Rings of Power, and was head of the White Council before the War of the Ring, he later grew jealous and afraid of Gandalf,[2] which was the reason of his betrayal.
Reemergence of the Necromancer
Gandalf wandered for many years amongst the Free People of Middle-earth, but spent most of that time amongst the Elves, where he learned much and taught much. He also continued to gather such information about Sauron and his ilk as he could, and to that end, he began to suspect that the Necromancer of Dol Guldur was in fact Sauron taking shape once again. He entered Dol Guldur, but Sauron, still greatly weakened, fled from him and for a short time, the evil of Mirkwood was greatly reduced. However, Sauron quickly returned to Dol Guldur, and by 2850 of the Third Age, had rebuilt his forces there. In that year, Gandalf again entered the fortress and encountered Thráin II, father of Thorin Oakenshield, who was dying after having been horribly tormented. Before his death, the old dwarf king entrusted Gandalf with a map and key to the Lonely Mountain.
Gandalf became increasingly troubled by his knowledge of Sauron's resurgent strength. He knew that Sauron was already plotting war from Dol Guldur, and that as soon as he felt strong enough, he would attack Rivendell. Unfortunately, the only power left besides Rivendell to resist an attempt from Mirkwood to regain the lands of Angmar was the dwarves of the Iron Hills. Even worse, Gandalf knew that Smaug resided still in the Lonely Mountain, and that Sauron could and would use the dragon to devastating effect once he became strong enough to influence Smaug. However, Saruman seemed reluctant to engage Sauron's forces, though none of the White Council realized that he was already a traitor.
Quest of Erebor
- Main article: Quest of Erebor
Conception of a plan
One night, while pondering the problem of the Free People's weakness in the North, Gandalf had a chance encounter in Bree with the dwarf Thorin II Oakenshield, who was also searching, without direction or much hope, for a way to reclaim the Kingdom Under the Mountain. Gandalf and Thorin then concocted a plan (more Gandalf's than Thorin's) to potentially draw the dragon out of the mountain and reclaim the kingdom.
Leading the company
To that end, Gandalf visited Bilbo Baggins, a Hobbit of the Shire, to convince him to go with Thorin and Company to Erebor and aid them.[4] At the time, Bilbo thought of him as little more than a vain, fussy old conjurer who entertained children with fireworks during festivals and parties, but soon discovered his true nature.[5] Gandalf accompanied the Company from the Shire through the Trollshaws, where Gandalf found his sword, Glamdring and Bilbo found Sting[6], to Rivendell where they were given shelter by Lord Elrond. It was in their attempt to cross the Misty Mountains by the High Pass that the Company was captured by goblins, and though Gandalf rescued the dwarves and aided them in escaping, it was here that Bilbo encountered Gollum and discovered the One Ring (though at the time it was mistaken for a lesser ring).[7]
Pressing Business
After staying at the house of Beorn, Gandalf led the dwarves to the edge of Mirkwood, where he left them to try to convince the White Council (particularly Saruman) to oust Sauron from Dol Guldur. He only told the dwarves, however, he had to "attend to other pressing business",[8] and refused to disclose the nature of his departure. This would be the second time during the quest that Gandalf would leave the dwarves, the first being to "scout ahead" in the Trollshaws.
Ultimately, during Gandalf's absence from the Company, he convinced the White Council of the eminent danger of Sauron, which led to the Council's assault on Dol Guldur. The attack appeared to drive out the Necromancer (Sauron), though he immediately retreated to his long-prepared stronghold of Barad-dûr.
The Battle of Five Armies
Meanwhile, Thorin and Company had reached the Lonely Mountain, although the dwarves unintentionally provoked Smaug into attacking Lake-town, where the dragon was slain by the bowman Bard. In the absence of the dragon, the Wood-elves and men of Laketown came to the mountain to claim their share of the treasure within, though the dwarves refused, and as a result became besieged. Gandalf rejoined Thorin's company shortly before the Battle of Five Armies broke out, bearing news of the arrival of a goblin and warg army. Gandalf fought in the battle, and helped destroy the goblin threat. Thorin himself was slain during the battle, but Gandalf's primary aim was achieved; with the destruction of Smaug and the ousting of the goblin army, Dáin II Ironfoot became King under the Mountain and restored the Lonely Mountain to a powerful kingdom. This, along with the strengthening of the Kingdom of Dale, allowed the Free People of the Northern region of Middle-earth to have considerable preparation against Sauron's forces during the later War of the Ring, where before they had virtually none. Following the battle, Gandalf accompanied Bilbo back to the Shire.[9]
Before the War
Return to the Shire
Gandalf spent the years between TA 2941 to TA 3001 travelling Middle-earth in search of information on Sauron's resurgence and Bilbo's mysterious ring. When Bilbo first found the One Ring, Gandalf was immediately suspicious of the Hobbit's story of how he acquired it. He privately confronted Bilbo and forced the truth out of him, and was deeply troubled by the Ring's powers, as they seemed eerily familiar. Perhaps even more troubling to him was that Bilbo, a proper, honorable hobbit, would uncharacteristically lie about his story. He spent as much time as he could in the Shire, however, strengthening his friendship with Bilbo and befriending Bilbo's nephew, Frodo, while simultaneously becoming suspicious of Saruman and his allegiances.
In TA 3001, around the time of Bilbo's "Eleventy-First" (111th) birthday party, Gandalf returned to the Shire, bringing along many fireworks for the occasion. After seeing Frodo and visiting Bilbo again, Gandalf attended the party.[10]
During Bilbo's speech, he put on a mysterious ring and disappeared, as a joke on his neighbours. Later as he was bidding farewell to Gandalf, who had known about his plans to leave, Bilbo began to change his mind about leaving his ring to Frodo, as he had earlier agreed. When Gandalf tried to persuade him to leave it, Bilbo became hostile and accused Gandalf of trying to steal the ring for his own benefit, which he referred to as his "precious." Horrified by Bilbo's outburst, Gandalf stood to his full height and projected his power, frightening the hobbit. This brought Bilbo back to his senses; he apologised, admitted that the Ring had been troubling him lately, and left it behind. Bilbo and Gandalf bid each other goodbye before Bilbo left the Shire for his journey.[11]
Gandalf, troubled by this, mulled over Bilbo's aggressive behavior. Before finally leaving the Shire, Gandalf gave the ring to Frodo, advising him to keep it safe. Over the next seventeen years, Gandalf traveled extensively, searching for answers. Having long sought for Gollum near Mordor, he met Aragorn, who had captured the creature in Mirkwood.[12] Gandalf interrogated Gollum and learned that Sauron had forced Gollum to tell what he knew about the ring under torture. Gandalf left Mirkwood soon after, and left Gollum with the wood-elves of Northern Mirkwood.
Saruman's betrayal
Upon returning to the Shire, Gandalf immediately went to Frodo and confirmed his suspicions by throwing the Ring into Frodo's hearth fire, which revealed, in Black Speech, the inscription upon the ring. Gandalf then told a dumbfounded Frodo about the One Ring and its history, and how Sauron would seek to regain it. Instructing Frodo to go to Rivendell with the ring, Gandalf told him to make arrangements to leave the Shire quietly.
Riding near the Shire, Gandalf encountered Radagast the Brown, another Wizard, referred to as "his cousin", who asked him to seek out Saruman the White, as the Nazgûl had come forth and crossed the River Anduin. Before he left, Gandalf instructed Radagast to alert all the 'birds and beasts' that were friendly to the latter to convey messages about the Nazgûl to Saruman and Gandalf at Orthanc.
Leaving a note for Frodo with Barliman Butterbur, an inn-keeper in Bree, Gandalf left for Isengard to speak with Saruman. Once there, however, Gandalf discovered that Saruman wanted the One Ring for himself and declared himself Saruman of Many Colours. He tried to convince Gandalf to either join with him in service to Sauron, so that they could eventually control the Dark Lord and thus achieve good ends, though through evil means, or to help him find the One Ring so they could take power from Sauron. Gandalf refused, and was held prisoner at the top of the tower Orthanc.
Journey to Rivendell
After spending a while as Saruman's prisoner, Gandalf was eventually rescued by Gwaihir the Eagle. Gwaihir's real purpose for visiting Orthanc was to report a sighting of the Nazgûl, as Radagast had appealed to him to do so earlier on. The great Eagle set Gandalf down in Rohan, where he appealed to King Théoden for a horse.
King Théoden allowed Gandalf to take any horse he desired, but only to do so quickly. There, Gandalf chose the horse Shadowfax. Riding for the Shire, Gandalf arrived too late for Frodo; he had already set out.
Knowing that Frodo would be heading for Rivendell, Gandalf began to make his own way there. Shortly after arriving in Bree, Gandalf learned that the Hobbits had already began traveling to Rivendell with Aragorn.[13] Subsequently, Gandalf was confronted one night by Sauron's Nazgûl at Weathertop. After a prolonged battle with the Ringwraiths, Gandalf was able to eventually escape, though four of the nine Nazgûl pursued him.
Several days later, Frodo, Aragorn, and company stayed at Weathertop and were confronted by the remaining five Nazgûl. Despite their escape, Frodo was stabbed in the process by the Ringwraith leader with a Morgul-blade.[14] Gandalf was able to evade the four Nazgûl and successfully reach Rivendell. However, several days later, an injured Frodo arrived at the Ford of Bruinen, though the Nazgûl pursued him all the way there. Gandalf, along with Elrond, saved Frodo from the Nazgûl by enchanting the water and sweeping them away.[15]
Forming of the Fellowship
At Rivendell, Gandalf, along with Frodo, Bilbo, and many others, attended the secret Council of Elrond. There Gandalf explained to the others how Saruman had imprisoned him and how the White Wizard was creating his own army of orcs to rival Sauron's.[16]
As everyone at the Council debated over the ring, Frodo offered to be the ring-bearer and take it to Mount Doom to be destroyed. Gandalf volunteered to help and protect Frodo on his quest, along with Aragorn, Boromir, Legolas, and Gimli. Sam snuck in and was allowed to go because of this.[16]
With this the Fellowship of the Ring was formed. Gandalf later convinced Elrond to allow Frodo's cousins, Merry and Pippin, to join the Fellowship. Subsequently, after preparing for the journey, the Fellowship left Rivendell. Gandalf took leadership of the Fellowship, leading the group south after leaving Rivendell. He and Aragorn led the hobbits and their companions on an unsuccessful effort to cross Mount Caradhras.
War of the Ring
- Main article: War of the Ring
Mines of Moria
They then took the "dark and secret way" through the Mines of Moria, much to Aragorn's discomfort; though he had passed through the Mines once before, he had no desire to go through them again, and he feared for Gandalf if they did so. As they tried to leave the mines, at the Bridge of Khazad-dûm, Gandalf faced a balrog, known commonly as Durin's Bane.[17] It was one of the Maiar corrupted by Melkor in the early days of Arda.
You cannot pass," he said. The orcs stood still, and a dead silence fell. "I am a servant of the Secret Fire, wielder of the flame of Anor. You cannot pass. The dark fire will not avail you, flame of Udûn. Go back to the Shadow! You cannot pass.
—The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book II, Chapter 5: "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"
Gandalf stopped on the bridge, standing in the middle of the span, allowing the others to escape. He leaned on the staff in his left hand and held the sword Glamdring, gleaming cold and white, in his right. The Balrog stepped onto the Bridge, facing Gandalf, and the shadow about it reached out like two vast wings. It raised its whip, and the thongs whined and cracked. Fire came from its nostrils. But Gandalf stood firm and declared that the Balrog could not pass. They clashed, and the Balrog's sword was shattered. Then the Balrog leaped full upon the Bridge, and Gandalf lifted his staff and smote the span. His staff broke, but the Bridge cracked at the Balrog's feet. The stone beneath the Balrog broke and fell, taking the Balrog with it into the abyss, but the thongs of its whip snared Gandalf about his knees, and Wizard and Balrog plummeted together into the darkness below. Galdalf cried, "Fly, you fools!" and was gone.[17]
Gandalf and the Balrog fell for a long time, and Gandalf was burned by the Balrog's fire. Then they plunged into a deep lake in the depths of the mountain, which Gandalf later said was cold as the tide of death and almost froze his heart. They fought in the water until finally the Balrog fled into dark tunnels, where the world is gnawed by nameless things, older even than Sauron. Gandalf pursued the creature until it led him to the spiraling Endless Stair, and they climbed it until they reached Durin's Tower in the living rock of Zirakzigil, the pinnacle of the Silvertine above the clouds. There they fought, until at last Gandalf threw down his enemy, and the Balrog broke the mountain-side as it fell. Then darkness took Gandalf, and he passed away. His body lay on the peak. The entire battle, from the confrontation on the Bridge of Khazad-dûm to the mutual demise of the Balrog and Gandalf, had taken ten days.
Then darkness took me, and I strayed out of thought and time, and I wandered far on roads that I will not tell.
—Gandalf the White
Twenty days later Gandalf returned to life, and lay in a trance.
Naked I was sent back – for a brief time, until my task is done. And naked I lay upon the mountain-top. … There I lay staring upward, while the stars wheeled over, and each day was as long as a life-age of the earth.
—The Lord of the Rings, The Two Towers, Book Three, Chapter V: "The White Rider"
Three days later he was found by the windlord Gwaihir, the Lord of the Eagles, who had been sent by Galadriel to find him. Gandalf was carried to Caras Galadhon in Lothlórien, where he was healed, and clothed in white, and thus became Gandalf the White.
In Fangorn forest he encountered Aragorn, Gimli, and Legolas while they were tracking Pippin and Merry, who had been captured by orcs in Gandalf's absence.
Keep well the Lord of the Mark, till I return. Await me at Helm's Gate. Farewell!
—Gandalf to Aragorn and Éomer and the men of the king's household
Revealing himself to the three, he explained how he had survived and returned. There, Gandalf tried to persuade Aragorn to go to Rohan instead, insisting there are other pressing matters, such as the War coming to Rohan and the impending attack on Edoras by Saruman.[18]
Arriving in Rohan with Aragorn, Gimli, and Legolas, Gandalf discovered King Théoden, weakened by Saruman's agent, Grima Wormtongue. However, Gandalf quickly broke Wormtongue and Saruman's hold over Théoden.[19]
While Théoden and the Rohirrim rode to Helm's Deep to do battle with the hordes of Isengard, Gandalf rode to Orthanc and asked Treebeard to encourage the Huorns to Assist him in defeating Saruman and his Uruk-hai. He also rode to find Erkenbrand and his men and persuaded them to ride to Helm's Deep.[20]
Siege of Gondor
After overthrowing Saruman, Gandalf broke his rival's staff and banished him from the Order of Wizards. Then, against his counsel, Pippin glanced into the Palantír of Orthanc that he recovered from Saruman and made contact with Sauron. He then took Pippin with him to Gondor to aid in the defense of the city. Along the way, Gandalf gave Pippin a brief history of Palantír, mentioning Feanor, and how it was fortunate that Pippin made contact with Sauron instead of himself, since he was not yet ready for a meeting with Sauron. Arriving at Minas Tirith, he met with Denethor II and tried to give him counsel.
After Faramir's charge, the Morgul host assaulted the city. Gandalf provided valuable aid to the White City and bought precious time allowing the Rohirrim to save Gondor during The Battle of the Pelennor Fields. When the battering ram Grond breached the gates of the city, numerous trolls rushed through, attacking the defenders. However, Gandalf rode in and helped kill a few. Gandalf alone stood in defiance of the Witch-King, however Gandalf's power was never tested. With the timely arrival of Rohan, the Witch-king left to deal with the new threat. With the arrival of Rohan, and the pleas of Pippin concerning Denethor's intention to kill Faramir and himself, Gandalf rushed to Faramir's aid. Gandalf took Faramir from the pyre and tried to deter Denethor from suicide. However, driven mad by his grief and Sauron's messages via the Palantír of Minas Tirith, Denethor set the pyre aflame while looking into said Palantír. In grief, Gandalf closed the doors of the chamber. Denethor later gave out a cry and said no more. Soon afterward, Gandalf delegated the control of the city to the Prince of Dol Amroth.[21]
The Fall of Sauron
Gandalf, alongside Aragorn, led the final battle against Sauron's forces at the Black Gate, waging an all-out battle to distract the Dark Lord's attention away from Frodo and Sam, who were at the very same moment scaling Mount Doom to destroy the Ring.[22] Though the forces of good were heavily outnumbered, they were able to hold back the enemy until the hobbits reached the peak of Mount Doom.
On the precipice within, looking over the fires of Mount Doom, Frodo finally succumbed the power of the Ring, slipping it onto his finger. However, Gollum, unable to bear the thought that the Ring would be destroyed, lunged at Frodo, biting off his ring finger, and the Ring, in the process. Gollum and the Ring fell into the fire, and the Ring was finally destroyed. Without Gandalf's efforts, Sauron might have learned where the two hobbits were and killed them before they could have completed their task.
Fourth Age
Four years after the ring was destroyed, Gandalf spent some time with the "moss gatherer" Tom Bombadil, then, after having spent over 2,000 years in Middle-earth, departed with Frodo, Galadriel, Celeborn, Bilbo, Elrond, (and presumably Shadowfax) across the sea to the Undying Lands, and was never seen again in Middle-earth.[23]
The name Gandalf means "Elf of the wand" or "Wand-elf", from old northern Mannish.
Within the Tolkien Legendarium, "Gandalf" translates an unknown name of the meaning "Wand-Elf" (alternatively cane/staff) in old northern Mannish. Most denizens of Middle-earth incorrectly assumed Gandalf was a Man (human), although he was really a Maia spirit (approximately equivalent to an angel). However, a less common misconception that occurred during the beginning of his career in Middle-earth was that for someone to be immortal and use as much magic as he did, he must have been an elf, although it soon became apparent to all that he couldn't be an elf, as he was old and elves don't generally age. Even because of this, the nickname stuck with him. He later gave it as his name to others he met who didn't know its original meaning.
Other names
- Olórin, his name in Valinor and in very ancient times. It comes from the Quenya olor or olos ("dream").[24] The name could also be spelled as Olorion.[25]
- Mithrandir, his Sindarin name, used in Gondor and by the Elves. It means "Grey Pilgrim", from the Sindarin mith ("grey") and ran ("wander") or rhandir ("pilgrim").[24][26]
- Tharkûn, given by the Dwarves), which means "Staff man".[25]
- Incánus, a name of unclear language and meaning. He must have acquired the name from one of his many travels in the south, near Harad.[25] Tolkien several times changed his mind about it, varying between the Latin word incanus (meaning Grey and a possible Westron invention meaning "Greymantle"), a word Ind-cano (meaning Cruel Ruler), or even a form of Southron meaning "Spy of the North".
- Old Greybeard, by the Mouth of Sauron when they meet at the Morannon.
- The White Rider (when mounted on the great horse Shadowfax)
- Stormcrow (a reference to his arrival being associated with times of trouble), often used by his detractors to mean he is a troublesome meddler in the affairs of others.
- Lathspell, by Grima Wormtongue[19]
- Gandalf Greyhame
- The Grey Pilgrim
- Gandalf the Grey, and later Gandalf the White after he was reborn as the successor to Saruman.
- Gandalf the Wandering Wizard
Character development
Many that live deserve death. And some that die deserve life. Can you give it to them? Then do not be too eager to deal out death in judgment. For even the very wise cannot see all ends.
—The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book I, Chapter 2: "The Shadow of the Past"
Mythical roots
The Old Norse name "Gandalfr" appears in the list of dwarves in the Völuspá of the Elder Edda; the name means "cane-elf," or "wand-elf." J.R.R. Tolkien took the name along with the dwarves' names when he wrote The Hobbit in the 1930s. He came to regret the creation of this "rabble of eddaic-named dwarves, [...] invented in an idle hour" (The Return of the Shadow, pg. 452), since it forced him to come up with an explanation of why Old Norse names should be used in Third Age of Middle-earth. He solved the dilemma in 1942 by the explanation that Old Norse was a translation of the language of Dale. The figure of Gandalf has other influences from Germanic mythology, particularly Odin in his incarnation as "the Wanderer", an old man with one eye, a long white beard, a wide brimmed hat, and a staff. Tolkien states that he thinks of Gandalf as an "Odinic wanderer" in a letter of 1946.[27]
Gandalf is also similar to Väinämöinen, a Bard in Finnish mythology.
Gandalf's equivalence to Merlin the Magician, of English Mythology, is discussed in episode two of the 2014 documentary Looking for the Hobbit, featuring French Arthurian expert Nicholas Mezzalira and Medieval specialist Leo Carruthers.
Der Berggeist
Tolkien had a postcard labelled Der Berggeist ("the mountain spirit"), and on the paper cover in which he kept it, he wrote "origin of Gandalf" at some point. The postcard reproduces a painting of a bearded figure, sitting on a rock under a pine tree in a mountainous setting. He wears a wide-brimmed round hat, and a long cloak and a white fawn is nuzzling his upturned hands.
Humphrey Carpenter in his Biography said that Tolkien had bought the postcard during his 1911 holiday in Switzerland. However, Manfred Zimmerman (1983) discovered that the painting was by German artist Josef Madlener and dates to the late 1920s. Humphrey Carpenter concluded that Tolkien was probably mistaken about the origin of the postcard himself. Tolkien must have acquired the card at some time in the early 1930s, at a time when The Hobbit had already begun to take shape.[28]
The original painting was auctioned at Sotheby's in London on July 12, 2005 for 84,000. The previous owner had been given the painting by Madlener in the 1940s and recalled that he had stated the mountains in the painting's background were the Dolomites.
Gandalf is described as an old man with a pointed blue hat, a long grey cloak, and a silver scarf. He had a long white beard and bushy eyebrows that stuck out beyond the brim of the hat.
After he is resurrected, the change of his signature colour from grey to white is significant, for he was sent back to replace the corrupted head of the Order of Wizards and leader of the White Council Saruman as the Chief of the Order of Wizards. In the book, he says that he has himself become what Saruman should have been.
Círdan the Shipwright seemed to have foreseen this, for he entrusted the care of Narya, the Ring of Fire (one of the Three Rings of the Elves) to Gandalf rather than Saruman.
Powers and abilities
Gandalf is one of the wisest and most knowledgeable beings in Middle-earth, and believed by Galadriel to be more worthy of Saruman of leading the White Council. He has extensive knowledge of many languages and writing systems used in Middle-earth, as well as in the history and customs of several of its peoples. He considers himself the greatest scholar of Hobbit traditions. His long journeys have allowed him to meet many influential and powerful individuals and form lasting bonds with them. The Hobbits know him as a masterful crafter of firecrackers.
Outside of the Shire, however, Gandalf the Grey is revered as one of the most powerful and wisest beings to tread Middle-earth, although he was wary of confronting Saruman and Sauron directly, the latter also after his rebirth, as well as of the influence of the One Ring. He was considered the most powerful member of the Fellowship of the Ring, as well as, according to Aragorn, its leader, not in small part thanks to his encyclopedic knowledge. His vast intelligence allows him to accurately guess the thoughts of others, and makes him perhaps the preeminent architect of Sauron's defeat. He is often noted to have extremely sharp eyes which can see not only into darkness, but also into the dimension of wraiths, such as when he perceived the lingering effects of the Morgul-blade on Frodo as part of his body having become almost transparent. He also has a degree of extrasensory perception, which he demonstrated by feeling Durin's Bane while casting a spell.
Armed with an Elfin blade, Gandalf is as valiant a fighter as the other swordsmen in the Fellowship, in no way hindered by his elderly appearance when fighting or riding. He is rendered even more formidable by his magic. Gandalf the Grey has command over a great array of spells for all situations, such as to enhance Elrond's flood spell, giving the water the appearance of galloping knights, and seal doors shut or open them, although it should be noted that he was unable to open the Doors of Durin prior to remembering the password. He stated that Durin's Bane nearly overpowered him with its counter-spell, forcing him to rely on a word of Command that resulted in a blast which caused the ceiling of the room beyond the door to collapse.
Gandalf described himself as "a servant of the Secret Fire, wielder of the flame of Anor". Coincidentally, many of his spells are based on light and fire. He was able to light a faggot of wet wood simply with a touch of his staff, which he considered distinctive enough that any onlooker would recognize his handiwork. He can cause the tip of his staff to glow with bright white light so as to see in the dark and increase the radiance at will, as demonstrated in Moria. He later displays the ability to focus this light into a beam. When fighting a pack of wolves, he set fire to all treetops on a hill with a single blazing branch, and the air became so hot that an arrow burned mid-flight. At the cost of shattering his staff, he was able to conjure a sea of white flames that caused the bridge under the feet of Durin's Bane to crumble. Similar spells he displayed are:
• Heating fire
• Manipulating sparks
• Creating massive pillars of smoke
Gandalf the White displays these same powers, but more advanced. When he first met Aragorn, Gimli, and Legolas in his new form, he shocked and quickly overpowered them with his agility and magic: he effortlessly disarmed the former two, one by causing his sword to burst into flames, the other by pulling the axe from his hands with a wave of his staff, and burnt the Elf's arrow into nothing when the latter loosed it. Shortly afterwards, he said that he had recently battled Sauron's eye to prevent him from locating Frodo, and although successful, the confrontation left him spent. He also displayed the ability to communicate with horses, and was able to reach Shadowfax with his mind.
Finally, he also shattered Saruman's staff, and stripped him of his divine power.
As his unrestricted form, Olorin, he had all his previous powers massively boosted, and the ability to shapeshift. However, even this form seems to have restrictions, as the Ainur were said to have their power restricted upon descending to earth.
Gandalf primarily used his staff, but also carried a sword in combat. Sometimes during combat, Gandalf would be seen wielding both weapons against his enemies.
- Main article: Wizard Staff
Gandalf utilised his staff for various spells and abilities. He didn't use it just as a weapon; he also utilized a staff as if it were a walking stick. He initially had an old wooden staff which he lost in the Mines of Moria while fighting the Balrog. He used a new one upon becoming Gandalf the White.
- Main article: Glamdring
This was an Elven sword Gandalf found in a troll cave. From that point until the resolution of the War of the Ring, he used this as a weapon to complement his staff, wielding them with equal skill. In many cases, he fought with both weapons at once.
Appearances in the books and films
In the books
- The Hobbit
- The Lord of the Rings
- The Fellowship of the Ring
- The Silmarillion
- Unfinished Tales
- The History of Middle-earth
In the films
- The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey
- The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug
- The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies
- The Fellowship of the Ring
- The Two Towers
- The Return of the King
Portrayal in adaptations
The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings film trilogies
Sir Ian McKellen portrayed Gandalf in the The Lord of the Rings film trilogy directed by Peter Jackson.
I gave you the chance of aiding me willingly, but you have elected the way of pain!
—Saruman to Gandalf.
Sean Connery was originally considered for the role of Gandalf, but turned it down because he didn't want to spend so long in New Zealand, where the film was shot; Tom Baker of Doctor Who fame, Patrick Stewart, Christopher Plummer, and David Bowie were also considered or approached[29]. McKellen's interpretation of the role was widely praised. He was nominated for an Academy Award for his portrayal of Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, making him the only individual cast member to be nominated for his performance. Christopher Lee, a lifelong fan of the books, had hoped to be cast as Gandalf, but due to his advancing age, he instead opted for the role of Saruman, as Gandalf required more horse riding and more sword work.
Ian McKellen reprised his role of Gandalf the Grey for the three-part adaptation of The Hobbit, noting in early interviews that he preferred portraying Gandalf the Grey to Gandalf the White, as Gandalf the Grey required a more nuanced performance. He maintains, however, that he enjoyed playing both Gandalf's, but felt Gandalf the Grey was easier and calmer to portray.
Voice dubbing actors
|Foreign Language
|Voice dubbing artist
|Spanish (Latin America)
|José Lavat
|Spanish (Spain)
|Pepe Mediavilla
|Hiroshi Arikawa
|Czech (Czech Republic)
|Petr Pelzer
|Portuguese (Brazil) (Television/DVD)
|Hélio Vaccari / Luiz Carlos Persy (The Hobbit trilogy)
|Joachim Höppner † / Eckart Dux (The Hobbit trilogy)
|Italian (Italy)
|Gianni Musy † / Gigi Proietti (The Hobbit trilogy)
|Ferenc Bács
|French (France)
|Jean Piat
|Wiktor Zborowski (The Hobbit trilogy)
|Leopold Haverl (The Lord of the Rings)
Marián Slovák (The Hobbit trilogy)
|İstemi Betil
Rankin/Bass films
John Huston provided the voice of Gandalf in two animated television features by Rankin/Bass (The Hobbit and The Return of the King).
Ralph Bakshi's The Lord of the Rings
In the 1978 animated film of The Lord of the Rings by Ralph Bakshi, Gandalf was voiced by William Squire. (It is not known whether Squire played him in the live-action recordings used for rotoscoping.)
In the BBC radio dramatisations, Heron Carvic played him in The Hobbit (1968), Norman Shelley played him in The Lord of the Rings (1956 radio series), and Sir Michael Hordern played him in The Lord of the Rings (1981).
Video games
Gandalf is a character that appears in the The Hobbit (2003 video game). He is a tall wizard who is just called "Gandalf."
He organizes The Quest of Erebor with Thorin. He is not a playable character, but gives Bilbo different jobs and helps him against the powerful and unexpected goblins at the end of the level Over Hill and Under Hill. He appears in a few levels and guides Bilbo.
Console Versions: PS2, Xbox and Gamecube
Gandalf is only playable in the The Two Towers Gameboy Advance game. While he is indeed in The Two Towers console video game, he is computer controlled and therefore is a non-playable character in the PS2, Xbox or Gamecube console versions of The Two Towers game. However, he is playable in The Return of the King video game for (PC, PS2, Xbox, Gamecube and Gameboy Advance.) He also appears in The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age (2004) video game based on the Lord of the Rings Movie Trilogy for (PS2, Xbox, Gamecube and Gameboy Advance) which is a turn-based game. In the console version he is an important ally in Berethor's quest; he is used twice when fighting specific enemies the game. For example in Eastern Moria as Gandalf the Grey, where the party will help him vanquish Durin's Bane (The Balrog of Moria) before the party exits the dwarf city. He also makes a one time appearance in a scene in the Plains of Rohan warning you of orcs that the party encounters along the path they're taking. You fight with him again in the Minas Tirith level, as Gandalf the White where the party aids him in fighting the Witch-king of Angmar.
The Gameboy Advance or handheld version of The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age follows a different style of gameplay while still being a turn-based game like the console versions. However major differences do occur between the console and handheld versions. The difference between the console and handheld versions is that in the console version you follow a character and form a fellowship along the way, and go through the same missions as the Fellowship of the Ring with variations of missions and alter in the story. The handheld version of The Third Age game takes a somewhat different approach while still retaining some similar features on the console version, but not entirely similar to the console version of the game.
According to The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age Gameboy Advance Manual it says the following:
"The game is organized into three episodes that corresponds to events from each of the three The Lord of the Rings movies. Each episode contains up to eight missions. By claiming victory in battle you unlock further missions in the storyline. After selecting NEW GAME from the Main Menu, the Commander screen appears. Choose between playing the forces of good and evil by selecting one of six commanders: Aragorn, Gandalf the White or Elrond on the side of the good, and Saruman the White, The Witch-King of Angmar or The Mouth of Sauron on the side of evil (page 7)."
Each of the Main Hero's or villains have special abilities that a player uses to there advantage in the game.
Gandalf has the following abilities each ability increases per level and are earned with EXP earned in battle:
Evasion - allows Hero +1 move through enemy units with no penalty
Stealth - Takes 33% less damage from missile attacks
Inspire - adds +1 command point per level to given command points the with the maximum of +2 command points +1 command point to each flank
Blinding Light- all enemies on Gandalf's flank may flee based on morale with higher likelihood per level
There is a Good Skill Set and a Evil Skill Set of Abilities for Good and Evil found in the pause menu during a mission they can be found in the Glossary. For example Unit Talents which are as follows: Elf Archery, Magic Attack, Double Move, Shrarpshooter, Regeneration, Shock, Trample, Inaccurate and Shieldmaiden. There are also Events that take place for example all of the following are events in the game that can take place at any time in a game: Free Move, Onslaught, Rally, Recovery, Disorder and Willpower and last but most importantly Items and are as follows: Kingsfoil, Lembas Bread, Elven Phial, Galadrim Lock, Entwater, Troll Meat, Hand of Saruman, Shelob Poison, Berkserker Root and Spoils of War.
The player enters a mission with a randomly given amount of command points (CP) to each flank, for example the side of Good has 1 CP on the left flank, 1 CP on the right flank and 5 CP in the middle once these numbers reach zero then Good ends its turn and Evil takes its turn and visa versa. With each turn each side is also given a free move which costs zero CP points to start and the CP number is green when a free move is available. Usually in the game on one side are the good units and on the other is evil with The One Ring's inscription as the boundary line between flanks. The terrain is indicated with an X which restricts a units movement, with shields indicating its protective value.
As the player excels in the game at times certain missions will not require companions instead only the main hero or villain is required or in some cases a mission automatically already has a non-specfic Good or Evil commander provided. However, other missions in order to be successful companions are required to command flanks of units. The Companions for Good are as follows: Legolas, Gimli, Eoywn, Eomer, King Theoden, Boromir, Faramir and Haldir for the side of Good, and Shagrat, Sharku, Lurtz, Gothmog, Gorbag, Grishnakh, Ugluk and Grima Wormtonuge for Evil. The objective of the whole game is simple save or destroy Middle Earth.
Consoles: Windows, PS2, Xbox, Gamecube, and Gameboy Advance
Consoles: Windows, Mac, Xbox 360, PS3, Playstation Vita, Nintendo 3DS, Nintendo DS Gandalf is also a very important character in The Battle for Middle-earth series. Making an appearance in both The Battle for Middle-earth (Only for PC/Windows) and The Battle for Middle-earth II (Only for Windows & Xbox 360) and is one of the most used heroes in the good campaign of The Battle for Middle-Earth. In The Battle for Middle-earth II, he is in none of the campaigns and is only used for skirmish and War of the Ring modes.
Another appearance Gandalf makes is in The Lord of the Rings: Conquest (For PS3, Xbox 360, Windows and Nintendo DS) as a mage type hero. Gandalf is used in the good campaign in Isengard to defeat and kill Saruman, the purification of Moria to kill the Balrog (this time with more power), the Siege of Minas Tirith to defend the city's higher gates from the forces of Mordor, and as one of the main heroes at the Battle of the Black Gate. In the Evil Campaign, the player kills Gandalf as Sauron and the last defense of the Shire thus Middle-Earth falls and is covered in second darkness.
Gandalf also appears in LEGO The Lord of the Rings: The Video Game (For Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, Wii, Wii U, Playstation Vita, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Xbox 360 and Playstation 3) and its sequel/prequel LEGO The Hobbit: The Video Game (For Playstation 3, Playstation 4, Playstation Vita, XBox 360, XBox One, Wii U, Nintendo 3DS, OS X, and Microsoft Windows) as a playable minifigure. Players will first be able to play as Gandalf in the level titled The Black Rider where he will fight Saruman in the throne room of Orthanc at Isengard. Gandalf's staff has similar abilities to Saruman's staff. It can lift and/or build LEGO objects, give off light in dark places, shoot out bolts of energy in battle, and make a shield that repels orcs and protects from most projectiles. Gandalf can also be unlocked as Gandalf the Grey and Gandalf the White in the former game; he has the same abilities either way. The game reuses audio of Ian Mckellen for Gandalf's dialogue.
Gandalf is also a playable character in LEGO Dimensions, and one of three characters included in the starter pack; the game also features various other Lord of the Rings characters and settings.
Magic and Abilities
As Gandalf the Grey, Gandalf was not capable of very powerful spells, though he still had potency up to an extent. One of his simpler spells was illumination. In Moria, Gandalf was obliged to light his staff so that the Fellowship could find their way out of Moria. Because of the light provided by Gandalf's staff, the Fellowship was able to pass over many dangers and eventually find their way out of Moria safely.
Gandalf the Grey was also capable of pushing his foes back with his staff, as shown in the movie when he battles Saruman in Orthanc. He tried to defeat Saruman as best as he could, but the White Wizard's power was too great for him to withstand. Eventually, Saruman stole Gandalf's staff and transported him to the top of Orthanc. In The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug he is shown to push back Azog with his staff, when he is ambushed by them.
When times grew desperate, Gandalf contacted Gwaihir, Lord of the Eagles, by means of a small, grey moth. Gandalf had saved the great Eagle from a poisoned arrow long ago, and as a result, Gwaihir was eager and ready to help out his own friend whenever he needed to. Gandalf called Gwaihir multiple times, in places ranging from Orthanc to the Black Gate of Mordor. Though not so much a magical ability as an extra lifeline, Gandalf knew exactly when he needed help and when he should call Gwaihir to get it.
It was Radagast the Brown who told the eagles that Gandalf had visited with Saruman in the books; in the movie, Gandalf is seen speaking with the moth.
In the Hobbit film adaption, Gandalf is seen talking to a red-orange butterfly instead of a grey moth to call Gwaihir.
In the film adaptation of The Two Towers, while Gandalf was facing the Balrog, he charged his sword Glamdring with lightning. He then struck his foe and killed him. It is unknown whether Gandalf actually summoned the lightning or simply attracted it toward Glamdring, but either way, his sword had extra power, enough to slay the Balrog of Morgoth.
Although not magical as such, Gandalf develops a friendship with the "Lord of horses", Shadowfax in both the books and the films. After Gandalf takes Shadowfax from King Theoden's stables in Edoras, the horse develops a bond with Gandalf which meant that nobody else could ride or even touch Shadowfax, besides him. In the second film, Gandalf calls to Shadowfax by whistling just outside of Fangorn. Such is the bond between them that Gandalf rides Shadowfax without any harnesses and can direct him with his mind.
As seen in the first movie, Gandalf can counter any magical spell. As Gandalf the Grey, this ability is much weaker. When the Fellowship passes through the mountains, Saruman tries to bring it down. There Gandalf attempts to counter the spell, but fails.
This power is clearly described in the book The Hobbit in the Misty Mountains while escaping from an orc horde (obviously as Gandalf the Grey). He kills a few orcs and temporarily hides. The cartoon version of The Hobbit also boasts him using it during the Battle of Five Armies. In the Two Towers film adaptation, Gandalf slew the Balrog with lightning strikes repeatedly through Glamdring.
Gandalf's second skill was Blinding Light, with which he would strike his foes blind with a blast of light resembling a magnified sunbeam. Though this particular attack did not deal much damage to foes in itself, it allowed any soldiers or cavalry to cut their enemies down with little to no resistance. Gandalf uses this spell once in the movies against the Fell Beasts of the Nazgûl so that Faramir's company could retreat to Minas Tirith safely. Gandalf did not use this Skill during the Battle of Helm's Deep, as is erroneously claimed, as the blinding light was caused by the rising Sun rising in the East ("On the morning of the fifth day, look to the East"). Blinding Light is quite possibly a much stronger version of Illumination.
In The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age (GBA) game, one of Gandalf's four skills is Blinding Light. All Evil Units on Gandalf's flank (except Fearless ones) would have a chance of going into morale failure depending on their morale, becoming useless the next turn. The higher the level of the spell, the more likely the morale failure. Some players choose Gandalf mainly because the morale failures would either play strategically into their hands or force the enemy heroes to join the fray, which would increase their chances of being killed and getting Good one-step closer to victory.
In The Hobbit trilogy, Gandalf uses this ability to blind the Goblins so the Dwarves can grab their weapons and fight for freedom, as well as well as blind Azog during his investigation in Dol Guldur.
Gandalf can also conjure up a magical shield to protect himself from enemy attacks. It is shown in the movies only once, when Gandalf stands against the Balrog's flaming sword. However, on the extended version of The Return of the King, Gandalf uses the shield of Istari to protect himself from a spell cast by Saruman. In The Hobbit Trilogy he used it once again against Sauron while fleeing from Azog and his orc army. A different version is used by him that expands and dissapates to remove a spell of concealment in Dol Goldur as well.
Gandalf uses the power of fire in the Hobbit, to light pinecones in multi-colored fire and to throw them at wolves; he also uses fire in the Fellowship of the Ring to cast ablaze a bundle of wood, and a large cluster of trees to stay warm, and to combat more wolves. However, his ability with fire may be enhanced due to his possession of Narya (the Ring of Fire).
By far Gandalf's most devastating power is the destructive blast. Gandalf initiates this by raising his staff into the air and slamming it down on the ground. The weaker version of it is enough to break the Bridge of Khazad-dum, but at full power it can send surrounding legions flying into the air, instantly destroying them. In the Hobbit film, he used it to blasted away goblins and stun them long enough for the dwarves to rally themselves.
In the The Return of the King video game, the spell (from weak to full power) is known as Fog of War, Wrath of Anor, and Flame of Udun. This would imply that Gandalf could use Shadow powers as well as Light powers, though this is unconfirmed and at any case highly unlikely.
In The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II, this spell is known as Word of Power. It can destroy all weak units (even upgraded ones), and significantly damage stronger ones.
- It is unclear whether Gandalf, being a Maia, did or did not participate in the War of Wrath in the First Age since he knew about Ancalagon the Black.
- Wells the Grey is a homage to Gandalf from the TV Show The Flash
- Thranduil had a habit of calling Gandalf "Mithrandir".
- He has been determined to be a member of the INTP personality type.[30]
Translations around the world
|Foreign Language
|Translated name
|Belarusian Cyrillic
|Bulgarian Cyrillic
|Chinese (Hong Kong)
|განდალფი Gandalpi (Latin)
|Гендальф (Cyrillic) Gendal'f (Latin)
|Kyrgyz Cyrillic
|Macedonian Cyrillic
|Mongolian Cyrillic
|ङन्दल्फ़् ?
|Гандалф (Cyrillic) Gandalf (Latin)
|Tajik Cyrillic
|Ukrainian Cyrillic
|Гандалф (Cyrillic) Gandalf (Latin)
- ↑ Unfinished Tales, Part Four: II: "The Istari"
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B: The Tale of Years (Chronology of the Westlands), "The Third Age"
- ↑ Unfinished Tales, Introduction, Part Four, II: "The Istari"
- ↑ The Hobbit, Chapter I: "An Unexpected Party"
- ↑ Unfinished Tales, Introduction, Part Three, III: "The Quest of Erebor"
- ↑ The Hobbit, Chapter II: "Roast Mutton"
- ↑ The Hobbit, Chapter V: "Riddles in the Dark"
- ↑ The Hobbit, Chapter VIII: "Flies and Spiders"
- ↑ The Hobbit, Chapter XIX: "The Last Stage"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book One, Chapter I: "A Long-expected Party"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book One, Chapter II: "The Shadow of the Past"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B: The Tale of Years (Chronology of the Westlands), "The Great Years"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book One, Chapter X: "Strider"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book One, Chapter XI: "A Knife in the Dark"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book One, Chapter XII: "Flight to the Ford"
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book Two, Chapter II: "The Council of Elrond"
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book Two, Chapter V: "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Two Towers, Book Three, Chapter V: "The White Rider"
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 The Lord of the Rings, The Two Towers, Book Three, Chapter VI: "The King of the Golden Hall"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Two Towers, Book Three, Chapter VII: "Helm's Deep"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, Book Five, Chapter IX: "The Last Debate"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, Book Six, Chapter IV: "The Field of Cormallen"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, Book Six, Chapter IX: "The Grey Havens"
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 5: The Lost Road and Other Writings, Part Three: "The Etymologies"
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 8: The War of the Ring, Part Two: The Ring Goes East, V: "Faramir"
- ↑ Parma Eldalamberon, Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien
- ↑ The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, Letter 107
- ↑ Manfred Zimmerman, The Origin of Gandalf and Josef Madlener, Mythlore 34 (1983)
- ↑ http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2016/12/david-bowie-gandalf-elrond-lotr
- ↑ https://www.personalityclub.com/blog/lord-of-the-rings-personality-chart/
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text:
Feb. 4, 2012
NORTH DARTMOUTH, MA-The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth's women's basketball team defeated visiting Western Connecticut State, 60-57, in the first game of a Little East Conference doubleheader at the Tripp Athletic Center Saturday.
The victory secures the first winning season for the Corsairs women's basketball team since they went 13-12 during the 1992-93 season.
A nip and tuck first half saw the Colonials take a 29-27 half time lead into the locker room. After a three pointer by Colonials freshman guard Caroline Brasa (East Hartford, CT/East Catholic) gave the Colonials a 24-22 advantage with just over four minutes to play in the opening frame, the Corsairs answered back on a free throw from junior forward Colleen Moriarty (Canton, MA/Canton HS) and a layup by sophomore forward Erika Bornemann (Canton, MA/Canton HS) to pull ahead 25-24 with 2:09 to go. Colonials junior guard Nicole Eanniello (Danbury, CT/Danbury) nailed a three from the corner with just under a minute followed by a baseline jumper from sophomore forward Sciarra Brandt (Thomaston, CT/Thomaston) putting WCSU up by four but Moriarty beat the half time buzzer with a nice move in the post trimming the lead to just two at the break.
The Corsairs came out in the second half with a renewed intensity and dug in on defense. UMass Dartmouth regained the lead at 16:03 on a free throw by Bornemann but it was the tenacity of senior guard Stephanie Houtman (New Bedford, MA/New Bedford HS/Bridgewater State) that gave the Corsairs their largest lead of the contest at 51-43. After collecting her third offensive rebound of the half, Houtman was fouled on the put back and calmly sank two free throws.
The Colonials hung around though and would eventually take back the lead at 57-55 with 2:51 left in the game. Eanniello drilled a three and Brandt hit a jumper but it would be the last points the Colonials would score thank in part to some timely Corsair defense and the free throw shooting of freshman Kelsey Garrity (Somerville, MA/Somerville HS), who showed a lot of poise making five of eight attempts down the stretch and accounting for the final tally with the game on the line.
"I'm proud of where are right now and what we have accomplished," said UMass Dartmouth Head Coach Amanda Van Voorhis. "After all this team has gone through, we took a lot of small steps to get to this point and it starts with the players, not only from this team, but the ones who laid the foundation, like Madison Malloy, Vicki Andruszkiewicz and Tashauna Ashmeade. I told the team, now you have to expect more of yourself. We still have a lot to play for and a lot of goals we want to achieve. This was a great team effort and something we wanted really badly."
The Corsairs had four players reach double digits in the scoring column. Moriarty had a team high 18 points, Bornemann collected 16 points, Houtman added 12 points and Garrity chipped in with 10 points. Both Bornemann and Houtman had double-doubles finishing with 16 and 12 rebounds respectively. The Colonials were led by Brasa who had a game high 20 points and Brandt who finished with 15 points.
The Corsairs out-rebounded the Colonials 51-42, including 17-10 offensively.
The Corsairs improved to 14-7 and 5-5 in the Little East Conference with the victory, while the Colonials dropped to 13-8 and 5-5 in LEC play with the defeat. UMass Dartmouth will return to action when they host Rhode Island College Tuesday evening Western Connecticut will host Eastern Connecticut Tuesday.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Thomas Tenorio, Santo Domingo, Polychrome jar with bird, plant and geometric design
Pueblo: Santo Domingo
Dimensions: 11 1/2 in H by 11 1/4 in Dia
Item Number: xxsdd9506
Price: $ 1200
Description: Polychrome jar with bird, plant and geometric design
Condition: Excellentℑs=4
Signature: Thomas Tenorio Kewa, NM
Date Created: 2011
Thomas TenorioSanto Domingo
Born in 1963 at Santo Domingo Pueblo, Thomas Tenorio started making pots in the early 1990's. He grew up thinking he came from a family of heshi makers but found out his maternal great-grandmother had made traditional Santo Domingo pots and sold them by the side of the road in the 1940's. Realizing that these days only a few families continue to make Santo Domingo-style pottery he was inspired to learn so that he could help keep the tradition alive.
Thomas tells us he is a self-taught potter: "Nobody showed me how. I learned on my own through a lot of trial and error." He does credit Kenneth Chapman's book The Pottery of Santo Domingo Pueblo for providing him with examples of old Santo Domingo designs.
Thomas uses local Santo Domingo clay which he cleans, mixes, hand-coils, shapes, decorates and then fires outdoors in an open flame, just as his ancestors did for hundreds of years before him. He learned to protect his pots during the firing, surrounding them with a metal cage so no fuel touches them and burns the pot. It took him years to figure out the complicated chemistries of the buff slip and spinach paint (made from bee weed).
Thomas' greatest pleasure comes through recognition of his current work. While he enjoys the process, he "gets lost in the painting and could sit for hours and hours and paint." He especially loves painting the swirls of the water, the wind and the corn. He also loves painting his bowls, especially if they contain fish or traditional birds. He is exploring new shapes and designs on his more recent work but he isn't forgetting the traditional shapes and designs of Kewa on his huge pots.
Thomas read somewhere that he was a miniature potter. We laughed when he told us that because he is not a short person and some of his more recent pieces have been almost as big as he is. When we asked him where he gets his inspiration he replied, "My inspiration comes from my traditional faith at home and from nature".
Thomas often participates in the Heard Museum Guild Indian Art Fair (where he earned the 2012 1st Place ribbon for Traditional Painted Pottery). He earned the same 1st Place award at the Heard in 2007 and has earned 1st and 2nd Place ribbons at the SWAIA Santa Fe Indian Market in 2015, 2014, 2011 and 2010.
In 2013 Thomas had an extremely successful one-man show at Andrea Fisher Fine Pottery where he did an outdoor firing for some of our best customers.
Thomas signs his pottery "Thomas Tenorio, Kewa, NM" and sometimes adds the year.
His pottery can be found in the collections of:
- The White House, Washington, DC
- Rockefeller Museum, New York City
- Smithsonian Institute, Washington, DC
- Museum of Indian Arts & Culture, Santa Fe, NM
- Pueblo Grande Museum, Phoenix, AZ
- Crocker Museum, Sacramento, CA
Print this biography (.pdf)
Santo Domingo Pueblo
Santo Domingo Pueblo Mission Church
Santo Domingo Pueblo is located on the east bank of the Rio Grande about half-way between Santa Fe and Albuquerque. Historically, the people of Santo Domingo were among the most active of Pueblo traders. The pueblo also has a reputation of being ultra traditional, probably due, at least in part, to the longevity of the pueblo's pottery styles. Some of today's popular designs have changed very little since the 1700's.
In pre-Columbian times, traders from Santo Domingo were trading turquoise (from mines in the Cerrillos Hills) and hand-made heishe beads as far away as central Mexico. Many artisans in the pueblo still work in the old ways and produce wonderful silver and turquoise jewelry and heishe decorations.
Like the people of nearby San Felipe and Cochiti, the people of Santo Domingo speak Keres and trace their ancestry back to villages established in the Pajarito Plateau area in the 1400's. Like the other Rio Grande pueblos, Santo Domingo rose up against the Spanish oppressors in 1680, following Alonzo Catiti as he led the Keres-speaking pueblos and worked with Popé (of San Juan Pueblo) to stop the Spanish atrocities. However, when Spanish Governor Antonio Otermin returned to the area in 1681, he found Santo Domingo deserted and ordered it burned. The pueblo residents had fled to a nearby mountain stronghold and when Don Diego de Vargas returned to Nuevo Mexico in 1692, he attacked that mountain fortress and burned it, too. Catiti died in that battle and Keres opposition to the Spanish crumbled with his death. The survivors of that battle fled, some to Acoma, some to fledgling Laguna, some to the Hopi mesas. Over time most of them returned to Santo Domingo.
In the 1790's Santo Domingo accepted an influx of refugees from the Galisteo Basin area as they fled the near-constant attacks of Apache, Comanche, Ute and Navajo raiders in that area. Today's main Santo Domingo village was founded about 1886.
In 1598 Santo Domingo was the site of the first gathering of 38 pueblo governors by Don Juan de Oñaté to try to force them to swear allegiance to the crown of Spain. Today, the All Indian Pueblo Council (consisting of the nineteen remaining pueblo's governors and an executive staff) gathers at Santo Domingo for their first meeting every year, to continue what is now the oldest annual political gathering in America. During the time of the Spanish occupation Santo Domingo served as the headquarters of the Franciscan missionaries in New Mexico and religious trials were held there during the Spanish Inquisition.
Today, the people of Santo Domingo number around 4,500, with about two-thirds of them living on the reservation. The pottery traditions of the pueblo almost died out after the railroads arrived and many Santo Domingos went to work laying tracks. Even today many Santo Domingo men work as firefighters for the US Forest Service in fire season and ply their artistic talents during the rest of the year.
Potter Robert Tenorio began working to revive the Santo Domingo pottery tradition in the early 1970's. His influence can be found among many of today's Santo Domingo potters, even if they say he stimulated them to learn on their own.
While today's Santo Domingo pottery is known for designs described as simple geometrics, another outstanding feature is boldness: the lines are thick and well-defined.
As religious leaders forbid the representation of human figures as well as other sacred designs on pottery made for commercial purposes, birds, fish and flowers are common design motifs. Depictions of mammals are rarely seen. Another typical Santo Domingo style is to paint in the negative, meaning cover the pot in panels of big swatches of black and red so that only a few lines of the cream slip show through.
Santo Domingo Pueblo at Wikipedia
Santo Domingo Pueblo official site
Pueblos of the Rio Grande, Daniel Gibson, ISBN-13:978-1-887896-26-9, Rio Nuevo Publishers, 2001
Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License
Print this Pueblo History(.pdf)
Pottery Care & Consideration
- The most obvious tip: Yes, the pots will break if you drop them!
- Do not expose pottery to water (Inside or outside). Do not wipe with a damp cloth.
- Dust pottery only with a soft, smooth cloth (no terry cloth or textured fabric). A very soft paintbrush (sable or camel) can be used.
- Always use two hands to carry your pot: one on top and one on the bottom, or one hand on each side. Be careful with handles, they can be fragile. Do not grip or lift pots by the rim. Take care when wearing jewelry, rings can scratch the finish.
- Place a piece of felt or cloth between the pot and the shelf to protect the signature.
- Avoid exposing pottery to extreme temperature changes.
For those who live in "earthquake country" (also good for mischievous pets):
- Weigh pots down with a small zip lock bag containing sand, glass marbles, rice, etc. Do not fill the pot more than one third full as you want them bottom heavy. Remember to remove the weight before moving.
- Secure your shelves; make sure they are well attached to the walls. Shelf brackets should be of sufficient length and strength to support the weight of your pottery.
- Prevent pots from sliding. Consider attaching a small wooden molding to the front of shelves. Line shelves with non-slip material (a thin sheet of rubber foam, Styrofoam sheeting, etc.)
- If you need assistance with special problems, major cleaning (your grandchild spills ice cream on your pot), restoration or repair (the cat breaks a pot), or replacement (irreparable damage), please feel free to call us.
We hope these ideas help you maintain the beauty and value of your pottery for years of enjoyment.
100 West San Francisco Street, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 (505) 986-1234
Santa Fe, NM 87501


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This notice is to make public a request for revision of a plat concerning land situated in Franklin County, Texas, in the L. Garza A-185, T. Starnes A-438, and J. Hopkins A-217, Sruveys, being the eastern part of Waterways Subdivision, recorded in Plat Cabinet 8B, Plat Records of Franklin County, containing 28.413 fee simple acres and 14.882 leasehold acres.
The first reading of the request will take place in the Franklin County Commissioner's Court, September 28, 2009, and the second reading will take place in the Franklin County commissioner's Court, 200 North Kaufman, Mount Vernon, Texas on October 26, 2009, at 9:00 a.m.Written comments may be sent to the Franklin County Judge at 200 North Kaufman, Mount Vernon, Texas 75457.
(Hicks-Self 9-3tc 09)


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'Dancing With the Stars' Season 17 Premiere Recap
Welcome to the 17th season of "Dancing with the Stars"! The temperatures may be dropping, but the ballroom dance floor still sizzles. It's not the same show you watched before, though – some cosmetic and structural changes have taken place since May.
First and foremost: "DWTS" is on just one night a week, Mondays. Instead of revealing fates in a results show 24 hours later, host Tom Bergeron and co-host Brooke Burke Charvet will make the weakest link wait until the end of the following Monday's two-hour show to know its destiny. That's right: You have to dance twice, but a good dance in Week 2 may not be enough to overcome a bad dance in Week 1. It's still a combination of viewer votes and judges' scores that send people home.


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Media Blasts Obama: Most Closed, Control Freak Administration
You know things are really bad when the mainstream press corps trashes the Obama administration—on the record!—for its secrecy, aggressive efforts to control information and hostility towards the media when it exposes information viewed as unfavorable to the president. This includes an unprecedented number of prosecutions of government sources,…
"Super-Secret" Comm. Works To Reduce Deficit
Typical of the way government functions, the influential congressional committee formed recently to find ways of reducing the nation's monstrous budget deficit is doing most of its work in secret.Known as the Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, the bipartisan panel was concocted to save the country from the dire financial…
Homeland Sec. Blocks Politically Sensitive Public Records
In an act of retaliation, the Obama Administration demoted a senior career employee at the Department of Homeland Security for blowing the whistle on political appointees who illegally interfered with public records requests.This certainly contradicts President Obama's repeated promise to run the most transparent administration in history. Americans have


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Ask John Matherly if he's a hacker, and he'll struggle for a moment with the term.
On one hand, he's a hacker, in the sense that he's an innovative programmer, arms deep in the information-security industry. On the other, he's hypersensitive to how his baby—a project called Shodan—is portrayed in the press. In the past year, it's surged in notoriety and not just in technology publications, such as Ars Technica and Wired. Shodan's been the subject of multiple Washington Post investigative features, profiled on Dutch television and name-dropped by Sen. Joe Lieberman both in a statement on the Senate floor and in a New York Times op-ed, in which he characterized the site as a "nefariously named" hacking tool that was becoming more powerful and easier to use each year.
"I'm not doing anything malicious," Matherly, who lives in Encinitas, says. "I'm trying to be a good citizen on the Internet."
Simply put, Shodan is a search engine. While Google crawls the Internet looking for websites, Shodan is scanning for devices connected to the Internet and recording information about the software running on those devices. What has the press and security professionals worried is that Shodan has revealed wide-scale holes in Internet safety, from somewhat embarrassing privacy oversights to keep-you-up-at-night vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure.
Imagine a building. Now imagine a private detective checking out the building, snooping around the perimeter, noting what security company's sticker is on the window, what kind of locks are on the doors, what kind of sprinkler system waters the landscaping, what brand of air conditioner is mounted on the roof, what electric company services the smart meter around the back. Now imagine that investigator does the same thing for every office, every home, every school, every factory, power plant, hospital and football stadium and uploads it to a publicly available database. That's what Shodan does, but with IP addresses.
It's almost like an automated way to digitally case every joint in the world.
"But casing already usually implies some malicious intent," Matherly says. "Because why are you casing in the first place if you're not trying to get inside? My intention obviously is not to get inside. For the record, everything I do is 100-percent legal."
American-born and raised in Switzerland, Matherly, now 28, dropped out of his Swiss high school and moved to San Diego in 2001 to live with his aunt and obtain a GED. He designed the first iteration of Shodan—named after the villainous artificial intelligence from the video game System Shock—while studying at Mesa Community College, but his original goal was to create a way for technology firms to conduct market research. When he formally launched Shodan in 2009, the hacking community quickly realized it had much greater potential; Matherly had created a living database of every insecure machine connected to the Internet, from home printers to large-scale industrial systems.
"The fact that somebody is basically shining a flashlight into a dark room shouldn't be the part people are afraid of," says Dan Tentler, a San Diego-based information-security consultant. "The part people should be afraid of is the fact that some genius decided to take, for example, a five-megawatt hydroelectric plant in France, put its control computer on the Internet and allowed everybody that knew about the IP address to connect to it and make changes to this dam, with no encryption or authentication to speak of."
In other words, don't blame the messenger.
During the last few years, Tentler's been delivering shocking presentations on what he's discovered using Shodan: security cameras, automated wine-chilling systems, electronic freeway signs, red-light cameras, ice-rink temperature monitors, institutional climate-control systems, fuel cells. In some cases, the systems are left entirely open; other times, the authentication process—such as a password—is improperly configured or set to the default.
"The list goes on," Tentler says. "It's insanity. There's stuff that was connected to the Internet that in some cases I didn't know existed, like septic systems that are fully automated, that you can connect to with a web browser."
Obviously, it requires a certain level of technological sophistication to make the most of Shodan, but certain actions are easy enough for a lay person. For example, if a user plugs the term "auther" into Shodan, he will find hundreds, if not thousands, of unsecured web cams whose software was written by a programmer who misspelled "author." If the user searches for "Iomega," he can access personal storage devices, containing business documents, family photos and downloaded videos.
Shodan, Matherly says, reveals widespread reliance on "security through obscurity"—the misconception that the Internet is so big that you can put something online and, as long as it doesn't show up on Google, no one will ever find it. That hasn't been true for at least a decade.
"Bad guys doing bad things don't use Shodan, they use their own scanner," Tentler says. "Their scanners are automated, and when they find known vulnerabilities, they will automatically break in and drop malware or do whatever else attack they feel is necessary. Shodan is our ticket to this party that is 10 years old."
Yet, the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team has had its eye on Shodan since at least 2010, when researchers began reporting how they were able to use it to find a certain type of industry system called SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) on the Internet. DHS expressed concern that hackers would use Shodan, and in July 2012, the FBI somewhat confirmed that fear. A cyber alert claimed a hacker using the moniker "@ntisec" used Shodan to publicly out businesses that were running a particularly vulnerable system. As a result, hackers allegedly accessed a New Jersey air-conditioning company's internal climate-control and ventilation systems.
Matherly says that's an aberration from the norm, and he's never received a cease-and-desist letter or subpoena or been asked by the government to shut Shodan down. He's careful in granting access to the database: Anonymous users are allowed to generate only 10 search results at a time, while registered users can see 50 results; paid subscribers can gain greater access. He estimates the site currently has about 80,000 users, mainly information-security professionals checking the security of their employers' networks.
"Shodan is being used for good," Matherly says. "There's enough evidence for me to unequivocally argue that point . It's a tool. It can be used for both good and bad, but the vast majority of users have used it— historically, empirically, not just anecdotally—for good research that has been used by DHS and by other people to make the Internet safer."
Matherly allows academic researchers to use the site for free, and the results so far are astounding. In one of the most recent examples, two researchers with the firm InfraCritical used Shodan to identify 7,200 devices linked to critical infrastructure systems in the U.S. In response, DHS is using the data to track down the private-sector owners of the devices to help them lock them down. DHS has also notified more than 100 countries about vulnerabilities identified through Shodan. In January, as The New York Times reported, researchers with Citizens Lab at the University of Toronto used Shodan to confirm that Egypt, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates had deployed digital censorship software and that 18 nations—including Russia and India—were using digital surveillance and tracking equipment.
The next big development may be in medical devices, particularly as the health industry moves toward digital record keeping, Matherly says. The Washington Post reported on Christmas Day that a security researcher had been able to use Shodan to find a wireless glucose monitor that was vulnerable to hacking.
"I think, eventually, everything is going to be connected in a way, and these devices historically have not been security tested in a way that you would test Windows or something you know will be exposed to viruses or malware, or, speaking in general, random people connecting to it."
Correction: The original version of this story stated that, according to The Washington Post a hacker had used Shodan to locate a vulnerable glucose monitor in Wisconsin. It turns out the Post got it wrong and the glucose monitor was actually in North Carolina. Also, the individual who located it, Shawn Merdinger, tells us via Twitter that he doesn't consider himself a hacker, per se. We have amended the text to omit the reference to the state (if we simply changed it to "North Carolina" it would be factually inaccurate, since that is not what the Post reported) and to identify Merdinger as a security researcher.
Email email@example.com or follow him on Twitter @DaveMaass.


text: ACC Floor Carpet, Maroon for 1971-1973 Cougar Coupe.Auto Custom Carpets' fully-molded 100% nylon carpet has a thick 36 oz. jute padding bonded to the underside and the correct-style heel guard. There is none better.Tech Tip: Carpets will need trimming along the edges & slits must be cut for bolt holes, etc. Warming in the sun also makes molding them into place a little easier.


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Swimming Pool Blog
by John Galcius, March 19, 2009
Last week we covered the Top 5 pool pump problems - well, now it's another week, with another set of problems. Just when you have your pump all straightened out, along come some real nasty pool filter problems. No matter what type of pool filter you have - Sand, Diatomaceous Earth (D.E.) or Cartridge, you will need to do some sort of maintenance or repair to keep your pool filter operating in top condition.
#1 The filter requires too much cleaning or backwashing
The length of time between filter cleanings is called the filter cycle. When the filter is brand new, one might expect the filter to run for 30 days between cleanings. As time goes by, the filter media (DE powder, filter sand, or the filter cartridge) breaks down and or clogs up, and may indicate that it's time to change the filter media. If you find your self having to backwash your filter every week, you probably need to replace the filter media, assuming that your filter is properly sized.
Generally speaking, filter sand will last 5-7 years before the sharp edges become rounded, resulting in less effective filtration. DE filter grids should usually last a little longer, 7-9 years before they begin to clog with minerals or the fabric breaks down and develops holes. A filter cartridge may only last 3-5 years, depending on the work it has been asked to do. Eventually, all filter media will need a replacement, and a good indicator of when to change it is the length of your filter cycle.
#2 Filter media is coming into the pool
Hopefully your filter cartridge is not coming back into your pool - in chunks! DE powder or filter sand, however, is small enough to pass through small enough holes. Filter sand coming back into the pool? Small amounts after backwashing may be nothing much to worry about, but if you have a steady deposit of filter sand laying on the floor beneath the pool return, then you may have a broken filter lateral or standpipe. Cheap parts, but you have a bit of a job removing the valve and the sand to do a complete sand filter inspection.
DE powder coming into the pool is also common immediately after backwashing. As with sand, however, a continuous stream of the white stuff will indicate a problem internal to the filter. Most common is a tear in the fabric of the de filter grid. It also could be a crack in the manifold which the grids connect into. One of the through-bolts that holds the assembly together may have loosened and this small void may be allowing the DE powder to pass through the tank.
#3 My filter is not keeping my pool water clean & clear
This is a bit of a trick question, as it may not be the filter that is to blame. Are we running the pump long enough during the day? Is the sanitizer level correct? Are the pump and skimmer baskets clean? Is the water chemically balanced? And the biggest question of all ~ is the filter properly sized? If the answer to all these questions is yes, refer to pool filter problem #1 above. The filter media may need to be changed.
Also make note of any other modifications made to the system recently. Were valves, chlorinators, heaters, or other items added to the filter system? Has a larger (or smaller) pool pump been installed?
#4 My filter pressure is too high (or too low)
The filter pressure guage is an inexact instrument, let's establish that right now. They are known to fail. It should return to zero when the pump shuts off. Sometimes they get stuck on a bent guage face, a flick of the fingernail can help jar a stuck guage.
If your filter pressure is Lower than Normal, this indicates that there is an obstruction or blockage prior to or before the filter. Check for a clogged pump basket or pump impeller. If your filter pressure guage is Higher than Normal, this indicates a blockage at or beyond the pool filter. Check for a clogged filter, partially closed return valve or obstruction inside of a pool heater or a return line.
#5 My filter is leaking
Drip, Drip, Drip! So annoying - probably won't drain the pool! Nonetheless, many pool owners sleep better at night when they know the filter isn't leaking. Usual leaks occur at the belly band on a split tank type of filter. Remove the band, clean the o-ring of any grit and add a small amount of lubricant. Reposition the band, and use a small hammer to tap the band as you tighten. Make sure the band makes full contact with both tank halves.
Drain plugs are common leakers too. When installing, remove old teflon sealant, and reapply. Don't overtighten, as this often cracks the underdrain assembly. If this has happened - a little superglue goes a long way! If there is a hole in the tank, well, start saving for a new filter. I've never had success in patching holes in any type of filter tank. Many filters (OK, most filters) ooze and drip a little. If you can sleep at night, it may be cheaper and certainly easier to live with a little drip.
We hope that these articles are helpful to you! Our pool techs love helping you enjoy your pool!


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The Buccaneers have made two moves at wide receiver already this week, but it seems that they aren't done adding to the group of players at the position.
Rick Stroud of the Tampa Bay Times reports that the team will sign wide receiver Chris Owusu off of the Chargers' practice squad. The move could be officially announced as early as Thursday night.
Owusu was one of Andrew Luck's favorite targets at Stanford, but he had his final collegiate season cut short by concussions. Concerns about those injuries helped Owusu slide out of the draft and he wound up on San Diego's practice squad after former college coach Jim Harbaugh didn't keep him on the 49ers this summer. If Owusu does wind up on the Bucs, he'll have to remain on the 53-man roster for three weeks.
The Buccaneers are expected to place wide receiver Sammie Stroughter on injured reserve to make room for Owusu on the roster. He hurt his foot in the loss to the Giants.
In the last few days, the Buccaneers have brought back two players they cut this summer — Jordan Shipley and Tiquan Underwood — while cutting loose Preston Parker in a bid to make over their receiving corps on the fly. There's not much settled behind Vincent Jackson and Mike Williams, so all three players should have a good chance of earning playing time in the weeks to come.


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Whilst the books are online, the descriptor for each collection on the respective search screens seems to be providing information for the actual forthcoming household schedules, and not the enumerators' returns. I've had a quick play, and searched for my great great uncle James Paton in Croydon - he is in fact listed as "Mr Paton", and the search only worked when I put in the surname and input Croydon into the "Registration District" field - not the "Lived In" box.
An interesting addition, and good quality images from what I have seen - but not a patch on the original schedules which will be of much more use when uploaded in the next few months.
Click on View All New Records on the home page to access the respective search screens.
UPDATE: Audrey Collins from the National Archives at Kew has added an informative background piece on the story behind the creation of these returns at her The Family Recorder blog at http://thefamilyrecorder.blogspot.com/2010/12/1911-census-enumerators-summary-books.html?spref=tw
FURTHER UPDATE: From Ancestry "The complete set of 1911 Census record images will launch online at Ancestry.co.uk in early 2011, followed by the indexes, which will be made available in sections throughout the remainder of 2011." A new 1911 site page is available at www.ancestry.co.uk/home/new.aspx?o_iid=44806&o_lid=44806
Professional genealogical problem solving and research
Researching Scottish Family History (New book)


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Welcome to Day 10 of the Sew it All TV 13 Days of Giveaways! It's been a great run so far, as we work toward the final day the prizes just get better and better. Before we move on to today's fabulous prize, let's reveal the winner of yesterday's super-great prize!
Yesterday Caroline Hulse was featured from sewcaroline.com. Her new dress pattern, the "Out and About Dress" was offered as a giveaway. The lucky winner is Darcie! Check your email for details on how to receive your prize if you happen to be Darcie. Thanks to everyone for their great comments.
Today we're featuring the episode starring Kay Whitt of Serendipity Studio. Kay is a designer, expert sewist and all around fantastic lady. In her episode she provided tips and tricks to for working with sheer fabrics and demonstrated the tips while stitching up a cute party dress.
Kay is the author of several books including Sew Serendipity Sewing Workbook, Sew Serendipity Bags and Sew Serendipity. She has also designed and drafted a variety of sewing patterns. From her delightful bags to her charming frocks, these patterns are super fun to sew. In the fall of 2013 she introduced 4 new patterns: Ramona Wrap Dress, Zip to it!, The Jordan Jacket, and Fashion Formula Skirts vol. 3. All of these patterns are available at Serendipity Studio, be sure to pop over and check out all of her sewing patterns.
Today two lucky people will win two of Kay's patterns! All you have to do to win is answer the following question in the comments section below:
What is your sewing pet peeve? Do you despise darts? Does ironing get you down? What's the one sewing task that you just can't stand?
We'll choose two lucky winners from the answers and email to inform them of the win. Watch for the winners tomorrow and be sure to keep checking back over the next few days as we count down to the Sew it All TV season 7 sneak peak on March 1.
If you want to watch past episodes of Sew it All TV, visit sew.tv or purchase a DVD from shopsewitall.com.


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Career: Saw action in 96 games ... totaled a three-point field goal percentage of 36.6 (63-of-172) ... totaled 53 steals in 2010-11, which ranks as the eighth-most by a Blue Devil freshman in school history ... her six steals against Georgia Tech tied for the seventh-most at Duke by a rookie.
As a Senior (2013-14): Saw action in 19 games before being sidelined with a shin injury for the remainder of the season ... averaged 3.7 points, 1.7 assists, 1.2 rebounds and 1.2 steals ... notched double-digit scoring against USC Upstate, Vanderbilt and Central Michigan ... drained 11-of-26 three-pointers for a 42.3 percentage.
As a Junior (2012-13): Started eight of 31 contests, while averaging 5.1 points, 1.8 assists, 1.6 rebounds and 1.8 steals ... scored a career-high 18 points, while notching three steals in 31 minutes at 11th-ranked North Carolina ... hit 6-of-7 three-pointers in the game at UNC ... marked just the 13th time in school history a Blue Devil has drained six or more three-pointers in a single game ... sparked Duke off the bench in a come-from-behind victory over Oklahoma State in the second round of the NCAA Tournament ... totaled 15 points, six steals and three rebounds against 19th-ranked Florida State ... hit 42.0 percent of her three-point field goals ... totaled two or more steals in 15 contests ... missed the first five games of the season with a leg injury.
As a Sophomore (2011-12): Started the first 10 games before missing the spring semester due to a violation of university policy ... averaged 10.4 points, 4.0 assists, 3.6 steals and 2.1 rebounds ... averaged 26.6 minutes ... scored double-figures in eight of 10 contests ... tallied a season-high 14 points versus Auburn, Gardner-Webb and Pittsburgh ... registered a career-high seven steals against USC Upstate ... dished a career-high nine assists at Western Kentucky ... matched a career high with four boards against 13th-ranked Purdue ... dished four or more assists in six of 10 contests ... hit 40.9 percent of her three-point field goals.
Freshman (2010-11): Saw action in all 36 games including starting spots in the first five games of the season ... tallied 62 assists and 53 steals ... averaged 3.5 points per game and a 37.5 field goal percentage ... went 2-for-2 from behind the arc in the win over Wake Forest ... scored a career-high 11 points and stole the ball five times against Clemson ... swiped a career-high six steals versus Georgia Tech, while scoring eight points ... netted eight points, while hitting 4-of-5 field goals against 18th-ranked Miami ... handed out a career-high seven assists against Albany ... became just the 18th freshman in Duke history to start her first collegiate game ... was just the 12th player under Joanne P. McCallie to start her first collegiate game, including the first player at Duke ... played a career-high 30 minutes in the season opener against BYU ... took two charges.
Rankings: No. 36 (Blue Star Report), No. 37 (ASGR), No. 62 (ESPN HoopGurlz), No. 26 (Collegiate Girls Basketball Report).
High School/AAU: Named MVP of the 2010 Collision XII All-Star game, recording 17 points, four rebounds and four assists … did not play as a senior at AB Miller H.S. due to transfer rules … played her junior year at Apex High School in Apex, N.C. ... the 2008-09 Tri-Eight Player of the Year ... led Apex to a 24-0 record in the regular season before falling in the second round of the playoffs ... as a junior at Apex H.S., averaged 19.1 points a game ... All-Conference First Team selection ... NCPreps.com All-State honoree ... attended A.B. Miller H.S. in California as a freshman and sophomore ... two-time CIF-SS 2AA, The Press-Enterprise, San Bernardino Sun and San Bernardino Daily Bulletin Player of the Year ... Citrus Belt League MVP as a freshman and sophomore ... led Miller to its first two C.I.F. Conference titles in school history ... two-time All-State and First Team All-C.I.F. selection ... averaged 17.5 points, 5.7 assists, 4.9 rebounds and 4.8 steals her sophomore year ... led A.B. Miller H.S. to a 30-3 overall and 14-0 league record ... named the CIF's MVP in 2008 … posted a triple-double against Redlands with 22 points, 12 rebounds and 11 assists ... scored 922 points as a freshman and sophomore ... totaled three other double-doubles on the year ... notched 20 or more points in 10 contests, while registering a season-high 32 points against Redlands East Valley ... as a freshman, averaged 16.2 points, 4.8 steals, 3.4 assists and 2.1 rebounds ... notched eight games with 20 or more points ... led her high school squad to a 33-3 overall record and 14-0 league mark ... won two AAU National Championships and had one runner-up with the team Beyond The Rym ... lettered in golf as a sophomore and track & field as a sophomore and junior ... was All-League MVP in the triple jump as a junior.
Personal: Full name is Chloe Lynn Wells ... born November 4, 1992 in Fontana, Calif. ... daughter of John and Nyla Wells ... has three sisters, Devyn (31), Tamara (24) and Lola (22) ... her sister, Lola, played on the Providence women's basketball team and graduated in 2012 ... majoring in theatre studies.


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BBC News
- Iran tanker seizure: Radio exchanges reveal Iran-UK confrontation
- Philip Hammond plans to quit if Johnson becomes PM
- Cairo flights: Lufthansa resumes services but BA cancellations continue
- England's seaside towns where young people might disappear
- Brexit: Irish deputy PM hopes backstop will be 'unnecessary'
- Manchester puppy theft: Machete-wielding men steal seven dogs
- Home Office urged to attend emergency drugs summit
- England beaten in netball semi-final
- NDAs: New laws to crack down on 'gagging' clauses
- Police hunt two men after gas released on Tube at Oxford Circus
- Murder probe after Cardiff death
- Gentleman Jack: Anne Lister's Shibden Hall extends hours
- DFLA vs FLAF: The Football Lads Tackling Extremism
- The pen pals from America and Northern Ireland who fell in love
- Women in science: Smashing glass ceilings and glass walls
- Skepta glimpses the 'future of rave' in Manchester, and it's phoneless
- The dos and don'ts of getting a pay rise
- Driving lessons: 'I wrote off my instructor's car'
- Swapping a prison cell for a festival stage
- Northern Ireland's tiny house movement - a small move to the future?
- Ed Sheeran's No. 5 Collaborations Project: The album you might not know about
- Pound sterling: 5 holiday destinations where a weak pound still goes far
- Teen kayaker clocks up 100 miles in Norfolk Broads clean-up
- Radio exchanges reveal Iran-UK confrontation as ship seized
- We Are London: Taxi drivers write 'anthem' for capital
- Terminally ill man fulfils Latitude Festival bucket list dream
- 'My boyfriend was killed in the care system'
- Newspaper headlines: Iran 'taunts' UK and 'new bed for Boris'
- Coventry McDonalds 'drive-by' attack: Teenage boy shot
- Wedding cancelled as fire engulfs reception venue in Rye
- Arrest after Edinburgh football social club death
- Stormont's Department for the Economy 'needs extra £23.6m'
- Wales after Brexit: Funding map set to be torn up
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