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94 N. Main Street, Jasper, GA - (706) 253-2457
Betty Bartlett
Mrs. Betty Zane Bartlett, age 84 of Smyrna, Ga., died Wednesday, August 4, 2010, at Northside Hospital-Cherokee in Canton, Ga. following a period of declining health.
Born Dec. 7, 1925 in Fort Fairfield, Ma., she was the daughter of the late Roy Alexander and Belle Kinniy Clarke. She was also preceded in death by her husband, George Junior Bartlett.
Mrs. Bartlett had worked in the Admissions Office of Autumn Breeze Nursing Home and was a member of the Cool Springs Baptist Church in Pickens County.
Survivors include, daughter and son-in-law, Pamela White, Jasper, Ga., and Paula and Danny Lambert, Smyrna, Ga.; son and daughter-in-law, George Jr. and Kim Bartlett, Roswell, Ga.; grandchildren, Kimberly and Bill Allen, Ball Ground, Ga., Joshua David and Brittney White, North Carolina, Zachary White, Roswell, Ga., Charles Bartlett, Amelia Island, Fl., Kendall Bartlett, Athens, Ga., Heather and Run Sanh, Hiram, Ga., and Lauren and Kylie Lambert, both of Smyrna, Ga.; great-grandchildren, Bella White, North Carolina, and Emma Sanh, Hiram, Ga.; and sister, Leona ?Tickie? Allen, Maine. The funeral service was held at 2 p.m. Sunday, August 8 from Cool Springs Baptist Church with the Rev. Eddie Martin officiating. Entombment followed in the Lake Forest Memorial Park Mausoleum. Roper Funeral Home in charge of arrangements.
Mrs. Muriel Mowery Hollingshead, age 87 of Jasper, passed away Monday, July 26, 2010 at her residence.
Survivors include her son, Rex Carlisle; brothers- and sisters-in-law, Herman, Sr. and the late Judy Hollingshead and Johnny and Mary Hollingshead, all of Jasper; and special niece and nephew, Cindy and Alan Timms, Jasper. Several other nieces and nephews also survive. She was preceded in death by her husband, George Hollingshead; son, Richard Mowery; and brother-in-law, Edward Hollingshead.
A memorial service was held at 2 p.m. Saturday, August 7 from Bible Way House of Worship in Talking Rock with the Rev. Johnny Hollingshead and Cindy and Alan Timms officiating. Interment of the cremains will be at Sunrise Memorial Gardens at a later date. The family requests in lieu of flowers donations be made to Cagle Funeral Home to help with the funeral expenses. Cagle Funeral Home in charge of arrangements.
Lois Holcombe
Mrs. Lois Caylor Holcombe, age 87 of Jasper, Ga., passed early Tuesday morning, August 3, 2010 at her residence.
Survivors include her brothers, Phillip Caylor, Jasper, Billy Caylor, Roswell, and Jerry Caylor, McMinnville, Tn.; sisters, Evelyn Duvall, Calhoun, Nancy Gail Wheeler, Louisville, Ky., and Jewell Caylor Godfrey, Jasper; grandchildren, Tim and Tracy Wheeler, Donna Weaver and Teddy Wheeler; great-grandchildren, Carrie Russell-Howlende, Donnie and Sierra Wheeler, Nicole Weaver, Chelsea Wheeler and Dylan Weaver; and great-great-grandchild, Breanna Russell-Howlende.
Mrs. Holcombe was preceded in death by her husband, Theodore Holcombe; daughter, Norma Holcombe Wheeler; brother, Clarence Caylor; and sister, Georgia Mae Cornette.
The funeral service was held Thursday, August 5 at 2 p.m. from the Chapel of Cagle Funeral Home with the Revs. Buck Parker and Ronnie Ray officiating. Interment followed in Pleasant Hill Baptist Church Cemetery with Tim, Tracy and Donnie Wheeler, Mike Weaver and Jeff and Mark Caylor serving as pallbearers.
Esther Fountain
Mrs. Esther Holbert Fountain, age 91 of Jasper, Ga., passed Friday afternoon, August 6, 2010 at Heritage Health Care in Jasper.
Survivors include her sons, Vernon and Charles Holbert, Jasper, and Roger Holbert, Florida; daughter, Ruth Taylor, Jasper; brother, Clarence Mealer, Douglasville; and sister, Bonnie Parks, Dalton, Ga. Ten grandchildren, 21 great-grandchildren and 4 great-great-grandchildren also survive.
The funeral service was held Sunday, August 8 at 2 p.m. from Crossroads Baptist Church with the Revs. Buck Parker, Robert Allen and Grant Wade officiating. Interment followed in the church cemetery with Phillip and Jeff Taylor, Mark, Eric, Charlie and Nicholas Holbert serving as pallbearers. Cagle Funeral Home in charge of arrangements.
Ida Stephens
Mrs. Ida Stephens, age 95 of Calhoun, passed away Saturday, August 7, 2010, at Calhoun Health Care.
She was a native of Gordon County, born on April 13, 1915 to the late Luke and Lula Wyatt Dutton. In addition to her parents, she was also preceded in death by her husband, William S. Stephens; brothers, Melvin, J.C., Otto and Otis Dutton; and sisters, Edith Downer, Bonnie Payne and Jewel Wright.
Prior to her retirement at age 82, Mrs. Stephens had been employed by Wellco Carpets an Calhoun Health Care. She was of the Baptist faith.
Survivors include her son and daughter-in-law, Tommy and Gene Stephens, Hinton; brother and sister-in-law, Hansel and Sybil Dutton, Erwin Hill Community; and grandchildren Gary Stephens, Calhoun, and Brian Padgett, Winchester, Va. A host of nieces, nephews and other relatives also survive.
A graveside service was conducted Monday, August 9 at 2 p.m. from Gordon Memorial Gardens with Rev. Harold Blackstock officiating. Max Brannon and Sons Funeral Home in charge of arrangements.
www.maxbrannonandsons. com
Willard Shull, Jr.
Willard Monroe Shull, Jr., resident of Jasper, Ga., died August 8, 2010 at St. Vincent Health System in Erie, Pa. while vacationing with his wife at the nearby Chautauqua Institution. He was 80 years old and died quickly and painlessly of a severe internal hemorrhage. He never knew that he was in any danger while he was under the care of the optimistic ICU staff at St. Vincent.
Born in Indianapolis, In. to Willard M. Shull, Sr. and Ruth Barrett Shull, he was encouraged to pursue his passion for the violin, which he discovered at the age of 8. He later attended Shortridge High School, where he performed as Concertmaster and librarian for the school orchestra and began freelancing in community orchestras in the area. After receiving a Bachelor and Master of Music in Violin from Indiana University School of Music he served in the 7th Army Orchestra. As a member of the orchestra in the 1950?s he was an ambassador for the US in European countries rebuilding from WW2.
Returning from Europe to Indiana University, Willard received a Music Education degree and moved to Rome, Ga. to become a member of the music faculty at Shorter College, freelancing for 2 years in the early ?60s with the fledgling Atlanta Symphony Orchestra. When Robert Shaw became music director of the ASO in 1967, Mr. Shull auditioned and became Assistant Concertmaster of what would soon become a world-renowned organization. He moved his family to Sandy Springs, Ga.
Mr. Shull was respected by his peers, Maestro Shaw and subsequent ASO conductors for his loyalty to the orchestra and his desire to be part of a well prepared and dynamic ensemble. He was deeply affected by anything that stood in the way of the orchestra?s mission. He appreciated all of the conductors of the ASO for the contributions they made to the growth of the orchestra and was reluctant to retire at the age of 75.
His primary hobby for much of his life was fine wood working. It was his solace and a relief from the rigors of music performance. He bought his first motorcycle when he was 49 years old and sold his last one when he was 79. He and his wife rode two-up for thousands of miles from shore to shore in the US and in Europe. In addition to these trips, he rode his cycle regularly to and from rehearsals and performances. He often was recognized by symphony patrons as he parked near the 15th street entrance with his 1763 Landolfi violin bungeed to the passenger seat, even on cold winter evenings. He said that no matter how tedious a rehearsal or performance was, he could always shake off the stress on his ride home to Sandy Springs.
Willard loved the natural beauty of his surroundings as much as he did playing great music. Spending time in the mountains was restorative, so after he retired from music playing in 2005, he moved with his wife and two dogs, Cokie and Schatzie II, to the Bent Tree Community in Jasper, Ga. It was there he found his greatest contentment in peaceful surroundings with time to reflect on his good fortune in having chosen the paths he took in his life. He also continued to enjoy frequent trips to Atlanta to hear his former ASO colleagues perform.
Mr. Shull is survived by his wife of 36 years, Suzanne Munn Shull. He also is survived by his first wife, Rebecca Lane Weaver, Jonesboro, Ga.; their daughters, Victoria Shull Owen and Cecily Shull, Stockbridge, Ga., as well as their husbands, Gary Owen and Robert Wilson. In addition, he has two granddaughters, Melissa Anne Smith and Cecily Catherine Smith.
Willard?s farewell wishes were very clear. He wanted to be cremated and ?throw a party? for the family and friends he loved. This will take place in Sandy Springs in September and future announcements will be made. If you wish to honor him, he would be pleased for you to give to your favorite charity or to the Indiana University School of Music.


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Mission and Vision for the Future
The College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University are two liberal arts colleges located six miles apart in Central Minnesota. Saint Benedict's is a college for women and Saint John's is a college for men. The students of these two colleges share in one common education, as well as coeducational social, cultural and spiritual programs.
The liberal arts education provided by CSB/SJU is rooted in the Catholic university tradition and guided by the Benedictine principles of the colleges' founders and sponsoring religious communities. These principles stress cultivation of the love of God, neighbor and self through the art of listening, worship, and balanced, humane living. The liberal arts, valuable in themselves, are the center of disciplined inquiry and a rich preparation for the professions, public life and service to others in many forms of work.

subset: commoncrawl


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My locks always need a little help in the volume department, which is why I fell pretty hard for Living Proof's Full Line. The line dominated our "best of" list for hair care in 2010 for good reason — it really does amp up your strands. In particular, Living Proof's Root Lifting Spray boosts hair at its base using a blend of resins that give a flexible, long-lasting lift. I really notice a difference in my look when I use this before blow-drying, especially as my hair gets longer and needs even more help being lifted. But at $26, this isn't always a budget-friendly option.
Coming in at nearly a quarter of the price is Samy's Fat Hair "0" Calories Root Lifter Spray. I found that this little $7 wonder works just as well as my beloved Living Proof. Just spritz this on your crown when hair is damp or wet and blow out to maximize volume. I do think this formula is a tiny bit drying, and while it really hasn't had an effect on my hair, be sure to only use it on the roots to help prevent any damage or breakage. To help mitigate, I always massage a droplet of oil into the ends of my hair — a habit I've carried with me from this previous winter. Healthy hair = less haircuts = long, voluminous locks! What I do love about Samy's formula is that it is lightweight, long-lasting and leaves no sticky residue behind. This is a steal!


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Terry and Teresa Abbas of Spirit Lake are pleased to announce the engagement of their daughter Diana Rose Abbas to Brandon Lee Lemke son of Scott and Jody Lemke of Spirit Lake.
Diana's grandparents are Ray and Diane Egan of Spirit Lake. Brandon's grandparents are Skip and Diane Miller of Wahpeton; Rick Reed and the late Carol Reed of Emmetsburg; Sylvan and Delores Lemke of Armstrong and great grandma Marvis Reed and the late Ronald Reed of Spirit Lake, formally of Ringsted.
Diana is a 2008 graduate of Okoboji High School and of Iowa Lakes Community College and is currently a registered nurse at Children's Care Hospital & School and the Neuroscience Unit of the Avera Mckennan Hospital in Sioux Falls, S.D.
Article Photos
Diana and Brandon
Brandon is a 2007 graduate of Spirit Lake High school and of Iowa Lakes Community College and is currently the information technology manager at Dakota Fluid Power in Sioux Falls, S.D. A May 28, 2011 wedding is planned in Okoboji.


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I guess there are a lot of things you can do with a home planetarium projector, like the HomeStar Pro Planetarium that I read about on Uncrate. You can use it to create spectacular ceiling art for your next party (just make sure nobody spills anything on the $350 projector), or to woo that cute astronomy geek next door. Or, you could (gasp) actually learn about the night sky. It's got all kind of cool stories behind it, you know, like science-y stuff and mythology and whatnot. For real.
But, since it's Monday morning and I've already had three cups of the strongest coffee that I could find in the office, I'd prefer to focus on the product name. HomeStar? You think maybe it can project the Trogdor the Burninator constellation on my ceiling? I've always wanted to know whether that was visible in the northern night skies in the winter. It's be a total bummer if it were one of those sidereal arrays that you could only see in the Southern Hemisphere. Maybe I should e-mail Strong Bad about it.
Lame reference, I know, but I reiterate: it's Monday.
SDCC, the biggest convention ever, had a very small start: What started as a gathering in a basement has exploded into one of the world's biggest cultural blowouts.
Spider-Man: Far From Home a perfect Endgame epilogue: Swing back into the MCU with Tom Holland's Peter Parker in this joyous globetrotting adventure.


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Current Research Projects
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Awards, Agreements, and Orders Made Under the Industrial Relations Act, the Apprentices Act, and Other Industrial Legislation for the Year ..., Volume 86, Issue 6
Department of Labour, 1986 - Labor laws and legislation
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As our country continues to focus on saving energy and reducing emissions in the face of global climate change, it is turning to the building sector for viable solutions. The effects of energy use in residential and commercial buildings are nationwide, worldwide and varied. In the U.S. alone, residential and commercial buildings account for 40% of all energy consumption and 70% of electricity usage.
To receive updates about BECP publications subscribe to the BECP Mailing List.
Additional resources are also available from the Building America Solution Center.
The U.S. Department of Energy's Building Energy Codes Program offers experience ranging from energy to wastewater and all sections of green building programs in between.
Now in it's second year, the Institute for Market Transformation will again recognize jurisdictions for exemplary work in achieving energy code compliance with the Standard Bearers: Excellence in Energy Code Compliance Award.
The purpose of this brief is to provide a discussion related to amending or not amending model codes and standards when adopting them at the federal, state, or local level. It was considered necessary based on the significant amendment activity related to energy code adoption and the observation that in almost every case mistakes are made—some as significant as inadvertently excluding key building types from the code. In some cases, governing bodies will opt to amend with the goal of increasing energy savings; this is positive, and it is necessary to have states that are trendsetters with regard to efficiency. However, it is sometimes possible for amendment activities to yield the opposite result because of increased debate about the technical provisions and the "islanding" of jurisdictions with respect to the support infrastructure available for implementation and compliance with the model codes and standards.


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After a major spike in drug-and alcohol-related suspensions three years ago, Oldham County school officials developed a plan to reduce those numbers — and it's working.
Projections for this school year estimate the number of student suspensions will be half what they were in the 2008-09 school year, the year before the plan's implementation. This school year there have been 23 suspensions, compared to 53 at the same time last year.
"We're trying to keep kids alive," said Dan Orman, assistant superintendent for student services.
Orman said several incidents made officials increasingly worried a student might die without more intervention.
In late 2010, three students at Oldham County High School consumed rubbing alcohol mixed with a sports drink. EMS crews shuttled the students to Louisville hospitals, as rubbing alcohol consumption can be fatal.
In 2009, Superintendent Paul Upchurch and the board of education developed the current approach for dealing with students found possessing, using or trafficking drugs and alcohol.
Before the new policy, the district typically gave a suspension followed by an assignment to Buckner Alternative High School. But BAHS Principal Jonathan Wosoba said the length of time a student spent at BAHS didn't necessarily correspond to how much help the student needed.
"It was kind of guessing game," he said.
Now, a more involved process involves both students and their parents.
Students take are screened for potential mental heath issues — substance abuse is considered a mental health issue.
Students and parents then meet with Orman and go over a reentry schedule specific to the student, based on assessment results.
Wosoba said students with low-levels of involvement, such as first-time offenders, may be assigned to shorter terms at BAHS coupled with educational programming and possibly attending support group meetings.
Those with higher levels of involvement may be recommended to a variety of outpatient rehab programs.
"Every kid has a different schedule and a different approach," Orman said.
Students facing their first offense are assigned to the transition program at BAHS, where they receive work from their regular teacher.
"It's very sterile," Wosoba said, and students are supervised the entire time. But, Wosoba said the students typically get a lot of assignments completed.
Being caught up on their work is "one worry they can take off their plate," Wosoba said.
The policy also ties the school and legal aspects of a drug or alcohol suspension together.
Previously, a student could wait months for any criminal charges to be resolved, since a judge would often ask for an assessment at the first court appearance, then schedule a second appearance at a later date.
"The time frame was way too loosey-goosey," Wosoba said. By integrating the assessment portion earlier, the judge's decision comes earlier and streamlines reentry and treatment for the student.
Orman gives credit to the judicial system, county attorney and police departments for their involvement, since both sides communicate to determine a student's needs.
The policy seems to be effective. Suspensions for drug and alcohol offenses peaked at 102 in the 2008-09 school year but have fallen every year since, down to 76 last school year.
The number of students with multiple offenses has fallen significantly, down from 26 in 2008-08 to only three so far this year.
Orman said the education and treatment students receive gives them a reason to say no in the future.
While Wosoba knows most students don't want to ever return to his school's more rigid environment, he's optimistic the treatment programs are helping with underlying problems.
Students with depression, social anxiety, attention deficit disorder and other mental health issues may turn to drugs or alcohol to cope, Wosoba said, but hopefully the therapy makes a difference.
"We're seeing great things," Wosoba said.
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'Unbeatable price-to-performance ratio.'
'Top-notch specs.'
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'high-end smartphone'
'the performance is naturally snappy.'
'Spectacular screen.'
'wide viewing angles'
'All the buttons on the phone are very tactile, so you should have no problems locating them with a gloved hand. '
'high brightness'
'8 GB of built-in memory, expandable via the newly added microSD card slot.'
Still the best budget Android smartphone
Budget big screen adds 4G, lacks new design thrills
'decent construction and slightly arched casing'
'eye-catchingly low price tag'
'At 12.3mm thick the Moto E is a chunky little mobile, but the smooth curves of the soft touch back are a delight. '
'The look is simple and uncomplicated and we like that.'
'Thanks to the arched nature of the phone, it ergonically contours in our hand to provide a natural grip. '
'The build quality is close to top notch and it really does feel like a smaller One M8, although I did find the nanoSIM tray on the left of the device didn't sit completely flush with the case.'
'The HTC One Mini 2 is a nice phone, but at launch it's a little expensive. '
'Quick and easy transition from phone to tablet.'
'First, the phone in and of itself is solid and reliable. '
'The 1080p video recording is more than usable to share with friends and family.'
'Photos captured using the camera were sharp and full of detail, though colors were too bright.'
'Although, the Xshot is not a bad phone, it definitely not worth spending Rs 28,000. '
'UI can be confusing at times, suffers from bad translation.'
Cheap, waterproof phone is strong like ox, but flounders on performance
'HTC has taken a minimalist approach when designing the Desire 816.'
'My review handset was white, which did a pretty good job of hiding the fingerprints and smudges that will no doubt find plaguing the colour versions.'
'The 720x1280 resolution might be stretched thin over the 5.5in screen, but the resulting 267 pixels-per-inch is dense enough to deliver a solid viewing experience.'
'Footage is smooth, but again, you lose some detail in low light.'
ReviewGist helps you find the best products to buy by making sense of online reviews. We are currently aggregating 376,500 reviews covering over 29,474 products.


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The Topeka Capital-Journal
The soil in annual flower beds and vegetable gardens should be prepared in the fall, and mid- to late November is a good time to perform that task.
Deep tillage using a plow, spade or spading fork is preferable to shallow tilling with a roto-tiller, but if a roto-tiller is used, it should be adjusted so that it slowly cultivates deeply without pulverizing the soil.
Turning the soil in the fall has several advantages, including these:
Read entire article...
© 2010 King Kutter Inc.


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Moving Beyond Fossil Fuels Before It's Too Late
Worldwatch Institute's State of the World 2013 discusses the challenges and opportunities presented by changing the way we produce and use energy
Washington, D.C.—Global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel energy combustion grew by 34 percent from 2000 to 2010. Leading research institutions estimate that as a consequence, global average surface temperatures will increase by between 1 and 6 degrees Celsius during this century, with the most recent estimates projecting that the high end of this warming range is the most probable if no swift action is taken. In the Worldwatch Institute's State of the World 2013: Is Sustainability Still Possible?, contributing authors discuss strategies to overcome our dependence on fossil fuels and become strictly sustainable energy consumers.
Coal, oil, and gas predominated the 20th century as sources of fuel, and allowed human productivity to increase exponentially. Yet these same resources are now polluting the atmosphere and damaging the environment, on which we depend on for human survival. The transition away from fossil fuels is not one of convenience, but of moral and ecological necessity.
As University of Michigan professor Thomas Princen and his co-authors describe in their chapter, "Keep 'Em In the Ground: Ending the Fossil Fuel Era," in order to prevent disastrous environmental impacts, it is essential to stop the extraction of the vast majority of fossil fuels, and not just manage emissions, an ultimately futile effort. We should reserve the small portion that we do extract for essential uses and for building a renewable energy infrastructure.
Researchers have shown that renewable energy sources are able to fully meet the global energy demand—as is discussed in Chapter 7—but these future power supplies do take significant energy investment upfront to build.
As physicist Tom Murphy notes in his chapter, "Beyond Fossil Fuels: Assessing Energy Alternatives," "If there is to be a transition to a sustainable energy regime, it's best to begin it now. If society waits until energy scarcity demands an energy transition, it risks falling into an 'Energy Trap' in which aggressive use of scarce remaining easily-harnessed energy resources to develop a new energy infrastructure leaves less available to society overall."
"Unlike monetary investments, which can be made on credit and then amortized out of the income stream they produce, the energy investment in energy infrastructure must be made up front out of a portion of the energy used today," says Eric Zencey, fellow of the Gund Institute for Ecological Economics at the University of Vermont and author of Chapter 7, "Energy as Master Resource." "Politically, the most acceptable path is to finance the energetic investment not by decreasing energy use for consumption today but by maintaining energy use for consumption while increasing the total energy appropriation of the economy. But ecologically, that most acceptable path will lead to climate catastrophe."
Phillip Saieg, accredited professional of the U.S. Green Building Council, suggests that the quickest and most financially feasible way to lessen the amount of carbon being added to the atmosphere is by "greening" existing buildings to curb their energy demands. By doing this, building owners will save money, jobs will be created, and we will significantly lower the amount of carbon we are contributing to the atmosphere.
Whether the movement is one to keep fossil fuels in the ground, to use them much more efficiently, or, realistically, a combination of both, it is now widely accepted that the fossil fuel age must come to an end. The good news is that development of renewable energy systems is under way.
"Renewable technologies broke all growth records in recent years," said Alexander Ochs, Director of Worldwatch's Climate and Energy program, and contributing author of State of the World 2013. "In 2011, new investments in renewables for the first time in modern history topped those in conventional energy technologies with clean energy investments in developing countries now outpacing those in many industrialized countries. These promising trends need to be accelerated, with action on all political levels. Science tells us that global greenhouse gas emissions have to peak well before 2020 if we want to avoid the danger of major climate disruptions."
Worldwatch's State of the World 2013, released in April 2013, addresses how "sustainability" should be measured, how we can attain it, and how we can prepare if we fall short. For more information, visit www.sustainabilitypossible.org.
Authors of mentioned chapters include:
- Shakuntala Makhijani, research associate at the Worldwatch Institute and co-author of Chapter 8, "Renewable Energy's Natural Resource Impact."
- Jack P. Manno, professor of environmental studies at SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry and co-author of Chapter 14, "Keep Them in the Ground: Ending the Fossil Fuel Era."
- Pamela Martin, professor of politics at Coastal Carolina University and co-author of Chapter 14, "Keep Them in the Ground: Ending the Fossil Fuel Era."
- T.W. Murphy, Jr., associate professor of physics at the University of California, San Diego and author of Chapter 15, "Beyond Fossil Fuels: Assessing the Energy Alternatives."
- Alexander Ochs, director of Worldwatch's Climate and Energy Program and co-author of Chapter 8, "Renewable Energy's Natural Resource Impact."
- Thomas Princen, professor of natural resources and environment at the University of Michigan and co-author of Chapter 14, "Keep Them in the Ground: Ending the Fossil Fuel Era."
- Phillip Saieg, accredited professional under the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program of the U.S. Green Building Council and author of Chapter 16, "Energy Efficiency in the Built Environment."
- Eric Zencey, fellow of the Gund Institute for Ecological Economics at the University of Vermont and author of Chapter 7, "Energy as Master Resource."
Notes to Editors:
For more information and for review copies of State of the World 2013, please contact Supriya Kumar at email@example.com.
About the Worldwatch Institute:
Worldwatch is an independent research organization based in Washington, D.C. that works on energy, resource, and environmental issues. The Institute's State of the World report is published annually in more than a dozen languages. For more information, visit www.worldwatch.org.


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Defections in Democratic ranks may blunt big changes in estate taxes for next year
If Congress fails to act soon, estate law taxes will rise from this year's level of 35% to a whopping 55% next year. Moreover, the threshold of $5.12 million in estate assets that are excluded would fall to only $1 million.
Roughly three dozen agricultural groups have written their legislators asking Congress to keep estate taxes and exclusions at current levels until they can eliminate estate taxes altogether. Uncertainty over future estate taxes, the groups said, makes it difficult for farmers and ranchers in a "land-based" business to make sound business decisions.
President Barack Obama, whose re-election platform included a pledge to raise taxes on the wealthy, proposed raising estate taxes to only 45% next year and excluding the first $3.5 million in estate assets. But a group of influential Democrats, including Sen. Max Baucus (D-Mont.), the powerful chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, aren't willing to go along.
In an interview with the Great Falls Tribune, Baucus said he wants to keep estate taxes at current rates.
Baucus has been joined in dissent by Democrats Mark Pryor (Ark.) and Mary Landrieu (La.) All three are up for re-election in 2014.
Senate Ag Committee chair Debbie Stabenow (D-Mich.), speaking at Farm Journal Forum 2012, noted that Congress needs to act on estate taxes before the end of the year. While the estate tax rate remains subject to debate, she said, there's "overwhelming agreement" among legislators not to revert to a $1 million exclusion, which will happen if Congress doesn't act this year.
Stabenow, who is also on the Senate Finance Committee, expects that Congress will take a two-step approach to tax changes, first implementing changes to avert the fiscal cliff, then crafting a tax-code overhaul.
A lot of money is at stake. Obama's proposal is part of his deficit-reduction plan announced last week to avert the fiscal cliff. An analysis by the Tax Policy Center estimates that the proposal would raise $276 billion over 10 years. The Tax Policy Center, a joint project of the Brookings Institution and the Urban Institute, says that 7,500 estates would owe taxes next year under Obama's proposal. That compares to 4,000 if current policies are continued.
Though estate taxes don't ensnare that many taxpayers, they are an emotional issue. Many lawmakers from both sides of the aisle buy the argument that families that have held land for generations shouldn't be penalized when they have to sell it because of a death in the family.
But studies have consistently shown that few farms are actually subject to estate taxes. A landmark study by the Congressional Budget Office in 2005 found that under certain conditions, only 300 farms would be subject to estate taxes.
Estate taxes stood as high as 70% in 1977. They were steadily decreased during the George W. Bush administration, falling to 0% in 2010. The Obama proposal would return estate taxes to 2009 levels.
The American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF) thinks estate taxes should be permanently eliminated, a notion that won't go very far in a budget-deficit environment. It has been pushing for legislation that would pre-empt a reversion to a 55% tax rate with a $1 million exemption.
"This will strike a blow to farm and ranch operations trying to transition from one generation to the next," AFBF President Bob Stallman said earlier this year. "A $1 million exemption is not high enough to protect a typical farm or ranch able to support a family and, when coupled with a top rate of 55%, can be especially difficult for farm and ranch businesses."
Current estate tax policy was set by the Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization and Job Creation Act of 2010. The bill put in place new provisions for 2011 and 2012 that allowed the unused portion of a spouse's exemption to be used by a surviving spouse.
Several provisions enacted through the years reduce the burden of estate taxes on farms and small-business owners. A special provision allows farm real estate to be valued at farm-use value rather than at its fair-market value. Also, taxes can be paid on an installment basis. There's a special deduction for family-owned business interests. Another provision encourages farmers and other landowners to donate an easement or other restriction on development in return for tax savings.


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6moons, Hifi News and other experts rave about these electronics, including the recently released 540, a combination of SACD player and HiRes DAC, that will set you back around 35K$
I didn't get a chance to listen to these digital jewels, so I would be quite happy with a 1k$ OPPO player and/or a Metrum DAC in the same price range.
Sooloos by Meridian
Martial Hernandez, DJ extraordinaire, was keeping the audience riveted - to their seats - by his intimate knowledge of any of the 4000 CDs ripped on his 2To Sooloos system. He was helped in this exercise by the beautiful Vienna Acoustics speakers. Certainly one of the most knowledgeable and entertaining demos at the Show!
Sonus Faber
Here, the new Guarneri Memento are driven by the PrimaLuna 35W tube amps, a fine combination indeed, which retained a lot of visitors for more than the average time - I certainly was one of them!
It is always difficult to assess the performance of a speaker at a trade show, but some of them - and the Guarneri Memento is one of them - just make you stop and notice the difference.
What does it for me is the sheer balance, dynamic range and accuracy of this splendidly designed and manufactured pair of speakers, and the pleasure it gives me listening to most music you throw at it - even if they cost 15k$!
I would recommend you reading a proper review by Michael Stremer in Stereophile: http://www.stereophile.com/standloudspeakers/807sonus
They had "borrowed' a pair of KEF speakers for their demos, which were driven by their Tenor "remote" amplifiers, the signal being transported via the power lines in a 200 Mhz PLC "envelope", quite an impressive feat!
We are far away from the X-10 PLC systems, used in early home automation systems!


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Penn State Harrisburg's School of Public Affairs will offer Homeland Security: An Update in Research and Trends, a continuing education short course, Aug. 4 through 8.
The course is open to participants from federal, state and local agencies as well as from the private sector, including the media. Advance registration is required. Participants taking the course for non-credit will receive 3.75 Continuing Education Units. Penn State students may also take the course for credit.
Only a few weeks after the Department of Homeland Security released its second Homeland Security Quadrennial Review, defining priorities and related core missions, this intensive course provides a cross-disciplinary overview of current trends in homeland security and its evolving all-hazards scope. It also compares the U.S. approach to practices in other countries.
The course features: lectures and micro-seminars by Penn State faculty and external experts, including those from the U.S. homeland security enterprise as well as international speakers; interactive group work to practice homeland security risk assessment and policy analysis; networking receptions; and an internship information and placement service session.
Participants will also have an opportunity to visit the Three Mile Island (TMI) Nuclear Power Plant Training Center and its simulation control room for a briefing by TMI experts on current trends in emergency management communications.
"This course is an active contribution from Penn State Harrisburg's School of Public Affairs to create and maintain expertise to keep Pennsylvania and the country safe and secure in an era of all-hazards homeland security," said Alexander Siedschlag, chairman of Penn State's homeland security graduate programs.
"The recently published second Quadrennial Homeland Security Report underscores the relevance of educational support to homeland security professionalism. This short course delivers that value and is part of our new programming to bring homeland security and its education closer to the professional sector and to citizens. We have already organized events on the use of drones in homeland security and on lessons learned in the Three Mile Island accident of 1979. This course now is the next step, and we will hold another in Washington, D.C., later in August."
For more information on the s course, visit http://harrisburg.psu.edu/courses/homeland-security-update-research-and-trends or contact Tom Bux at 717.948.6703 or firstname.lastname@example.com. For more information on the School of Public Affairs homeland security programs, visit http://harrisburg.psu.edu/public-affairs/homeland-security.


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Any one of these 5 beautiful handspun yarns could be the perfect motivation for launching you off onto your next knitting project.
This warm honey colored single ply yarn handspun yarn features delicate contrasting colored coils with a slight touch of glittery gold angelina throughout it.
You'll feel like you've gone to heaven as you begin to work with this super soft hand spun, thick and thin merino fibre yarn that feels and looks like a cloud.
The bright and cheery bubble gum and peach tones of this hand spun and hand painted merino wool are just perfect for the new Spring color palette.
The huge skein of thick and thin, superfine, organic Australian Merino is hand dyed from Eucalyptus trees and its gorgeous colour range reflects the origins of the dye.
This Purple Passion yarn is spun carefully, so that it is well balanced and a pleasure to work with, as well as a pleasure to the eye.


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NORD gratefully acknowledges Jeff M. Sands, MD, Juha P. Kokko Professor of Medicine and Physiology, Renal Division Director, Executive Vice-Chair of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, for assistance in the preparation of this report.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare kidney disorder that may be inherited or acquired. NDI is not related to the more common diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes), in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. NDI is a distinct disorder caused by complete or partial resistance of the kidneys to arginine vasopressin (AVP). Vasopressin is an antidiuretic hormone used by the kidney to manage water balance in the body. NDI causes chronic excessive thirst (polydipsia), excessive urine production (polyuria), and potentially dehydration. If left untreated, repeated episodes of severe dehydration may develop, eventually resulting in serious complications. Most cases of hereditary NDI are inherited as X-linked recessive disorders. Rare cases are inherited as an autosomal recessive or dominant disorder. Two different genes have been identified that cause hereditary NDI. NDI may also be acquired during life as a result of drug use (e.g., lithium therapy), kidney disease, obstruction of the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder (ureters), and prolonged metabolic imbalances such as low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) or high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia). NDI may also be a temporary complication associated with pregnancy.Introduction
The term nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was first used in the medical literature in 1947. In the past, the term diabetes insipidus renalis was used to denote this disorder. NDI is different from central diabetes insipidus, which is a rare disorder characterized by the inability of the body to produce vasopressin (rather than vasopressin resistance as in NDI).
The symptoms of NDI can vary from one person to another. Some individuals may be more severely affected than others. The acquired form is almost always less severe than the hereditary forms. In hereditary NDI, symptoms usually appear shortly after birth and most children are diagnosed within the first year of life. In autosomal dominant NDI, symptoms tend to appear later in life, sometimes not until adulthood. The acquired form of NDI most often occurs in adults and the onset of symptoms may be slow.
The two main symptoms of NDI are chronic excessive thirst (polydipsia) and excessive urine production (polyuria). Excessive urination at night (nocturia) also occurs. Some infants may present with vomiting, retching, unexplained fevers, lethargy, and irritability. Constipation, diarrhea and poor feeding may also occur. As a result, some infants may fail to grow or gain weight at the expected rate (failure to thrive). In some cases, these symptoms may be mild and underappreciated.
Infants and adults with NDI may rapidly develop dehydration following low water intake, a hot environment, or concurrent illness. Infants with NDI may experience repeated episodes of dehydration, which can result in weakness, confusion, dry mucous membranes, dry skin, and weight loss. If left untreated, severe dehydration may develop. Repeated episodes of severe dehydration may result in significant abnormalities including seizures, brain damage, developmental delays, and physical and mental disability. However, with proper diagnosis and prompt treatment, intelligence and development are usually normal.
Because of the chronic excretion of large amounts of urine, additional symptoms may develop as affected individuals age including bedwetting at night (nocturnal enuresis), abnormal accumulation of urine in the kidneys (hydronephrosis), swelling (distention) of the ureters with urine due to blockage (hydroureter), and an abnormally large bladder (megacystis). Some individuals develop widening (dilatation) of the urinary tract.
Adults with NDI may also develop orthostatic hypotension, a condition in which there is a dramatic decrease in blood pressure upon standing or sitting. Orthostatic hypotension can result in dizziness or momentary loss of consciousness (syncope).
Many individuals with NDI attain an adult height that is just below normal or where would be expected otherwise. This may result from unsuccessful management or inadequate nutrition during childhood (e.g. failure to thrive).
A variety of factors can cause acquired NDI. A common cause is chronic use of the drug lithium. Less common causes include protein malnutrition, a variety of kidney diseases, obstruction of the urinary tract, and prolonged metabolic imbalances specifically as low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) or high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia). Other drugs such as certain antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, or antineoplastic drugs have been reported to potentially cause acquired NDI. During pregnancy, some women may develop a temporary (transient) form of NDI.
In most cases of hereditary NDI inheritance is X-linked recessive. In rare cases, inheritance is autosomal recessive or dominant. Some cases may occur randomly as the result of a spontaneous genetic change (i.e., new mutation).
X-linked recessive genetic disorders are conditions caused by an abnormal gene on the X chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes but one of the X chromosomes is "turned off" and all of the genes on that chromosome are inactivated. Females who have a disease gene present on one of their X chromosomes are carriers for that disorder. Carrier females usually do not display symptoms of the disorder because it is usually the X chromosome with the abnormal gene that is "turned off". A male has one X chromosome and if he inherits an X chromosome that contains a disease gene, he will develop the disease. Males with X-linked disorders pass the disease gene to all of their daughters, who will be carriers. A male cannot pass an X-linked gene to his sons because males always pass their Y chromosome instead of their X chromosome to male offspring. Female carriers of an X-linked disorder have a 25% chance with each pregnancy to have a carrier daughter like themselves, a 25% chance to have a non-carrier daughter, a 25% chance to have a son affected with the disease, and a 25% chance to have an unaffected son.
Although most females who carry the mutated gene usually do not develop the clinical symptoms (asymptomatic) of NDI, some females do develop certain symptoms such as varying degrees of excessive thirst and excessive urination. This occurs because of a process known as marked skewing of X chromosome inactivation. In this process, the X chromosome carrying the normal gene is inactivated instead of the X chromosome with the mutated gene.
Investigators have determined that X-linked recessive cases of NDI are caused by disruptions or changes (mutations) of the AVPR2 gene located on the on the long arm (q) of the X chromosome (Xq28). Chromosomes, which are present in the nucleus of human cells, carry the genetic information for each individual. Human body cells normally have 46 chromosomes. Pairs of human chromosomes are numbered from 1 through 22 and the sex chromosomes are designated X and Y. Males have one X and one Y chromosome and females have two X chromosomes. Each chromosome has a short arm designated "p" and a long arm designated "q". Chromosomes are further sub-divided into many bands that are numbered. For example, "chromosome Xq28" refers to band 28 on the long arm of the X chromosome. The numbered bands specify the location of the thousands of genes that are present on each chromosome.
Approximately 10 percent of cases of hereditary NDI are inherited as autosomal recessive traits. Recessive genetic disorders occur when an individual inherits the same abnormal gene for the same trait from each parent. If an individual receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier for the disease, but usually will not show symptoms. The risk for two carrier parents to both pass the defective gene and, therefore, have an affected child is 25% with each pregnancy. The risk to have a child who is a carrier like the parents is 50% with each pregnancy. The chance for a child to receive normal genes from both parents and be genetically normal for that particular trait is 25%. The risk is the same for males and females.
Less than 1 percent of cases hereditary NDI are inherited as autosomal dominant traits. Dominant genetic disorders occur when only a single copy of an abnormal gene is necessary for the appearance of the disease. The abnormal gene can be inherited from either parent, or can be the result of a new mutation (gene change) in the affected individual. The risk of passing the abnormal gene from affected parent to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.
Investigators have determined that most (but not all) patients of autosomal recessive and dominant NDI are caused by mutations of the aquaporin-2 (AQP2) gene located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 12 (12q13).
The symptoms of NDI result from the inability of the kidneys to reabsorb water. Water within the body normally flows through the kidneys where it is reabsorbed through structures called nephrons – tubular filters that collect urine containing water and waste products. The water is filtered out and eventually returned the body. The amount of water retained is determined by the antidiuretic hormone, arginine vasopressin. This hormone works with a protein coating the cells of nephrons called a vasopressin-2 receptor (V2R). The V2R protein recognizes vasopressin in the body. Vasopressin and V2Rs bind together to begin a complex chemical process that manages water intake by the kidneys. As part of this process, another protein known as aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is activated to serve as a passageway or water channel through which water crosses the cell membrane.
The V2R protein is encoded by the AVPR2 gene, which is defective in individuals with the X-linked form of this disorder. A defective AVPR2 gene results in defective V2Rs that are trapped within cells (intracellular) and do not reach the cell surface. A few defective V2Rs do reach the cell surface, but they fail to recognize or bind with vasopressin, thereby preventing the proper reabsorption of water.
Individuals with autosomal recessive or dominant NDI generally have mutations of the AQP2 gene, which encodes the water channel protein aquaporin-2. A defective AQP2 gene results in defective aquaporin-2. Defective aquaporin-2 proteins result in defective water channels that prevent enough water from passing through the cell membranes.
If the kidneys do not properly reabsorb water, the water is lost through frequent urination. The urine of individuals with NDI is weak or dilute, meaning that the urine has too much water in it.
The X-linked inherited form of NDI usually affects males. Females can be carriers of the genetic defect, can possibly pass it on to their male offspring and may develop mild symptoms. The autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and acquired forms of NDI affect males and females in equal numbers. The symptoms of NDI may begin at any age, usually rapidly and without warning. The incidence of NDI is not known, the X-linked form is estimated to affect 4 males out of every 1,000,000.
The acquired form of NDI is more common than the inherited forms. Approximately 55 percent of individuals on long-term lithium therapy develop NDI. The exact, overall incidence of acquired NDI is unknown.
A diagnosis of NDI may be suspected based upon the identification of characteristic findings, specifically excessive thirst and excessive urination. A thorough clinical evaluation, a detailed patient and family history, and a variety of specialized tests may be used to confirm a diagnosis. NDI may be suspected in children and adults who present with polyuria and polydipsia.
Clinical Testing and Workup
Physicians may take blood and urine samples to determine the concentration of particles or solids (e.g., salts, minerals, sugar) within those samples. The ratio of particles to water within the blood or urine is known as osmolality. Individuals with NDI have a high proportion of solids in relation to water (high osmolality) in their blood and a low proportion of solids in relation to water (low osmolality) in their urine.
Additional tests may be necessary to confirm a diagnosis or rule out other causes of diabetes insipidus. Affected individuals may also receive injections of the hormones vasopressin or desmopressin (DDAVP). Desmopressin is a synthetic derivative of vasopressin. Individuals with NDI do not respond to vasopressin supplementation because in NDI the kidneys are resistant to the effects of vasopressin.
In some individuals an additional test, known as a water deprivation test, may be required to confirm a diagnosis. During this test, affected individuals cannot ingest any fluids and can only eat dry foods for a specific period of time. Blood and urine samples will be taken and studied. A water deprivation test studies body weight and both urine output and composition and can determine the levels of vasopressin in the body. This test may be used to distinguish between the various causes of diabetes insipidus. A water deprivation test can also differentiate between individuals with complete or partial NDI.
Some individuals will have x-ray scans including computed tomography (CT scan) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to rule out brain tumors that can affect the pituitary gland, a potential cause of central diabetes insipidus.
An ultrasound may be used to detect whether any kidney (renal) abnormalities (e.g., hydronephrosis, dilation) are present. During an ultrasound, reflected sound waves are used to create an image of internal organs or structures.
The treatment of NDI is directed toward the specific symptoms that are apparent in each individual. Treatment may require the coordinated efforts of a team of specialists. Pediatricians, kidney specialists (nephrologists), endocrinologists, nutritionists, and other health care professionals may need to systematically and comprehensively plan an individual's treatment.
The mainstay of therapy is ensuring proper fluid intake and reducing urine output. Specific treatments include dietary modifications and the administration of certain drugs. Adequate water intake is essential for individuals with NDI in order to prevent dehydration. Infants may require periodic offerings of water.
Children, parents and adults should take precautions to ensure affected individuals have access to drinking water and toilet facilities. Heavy sleepers may need to be awakened during the night to drink water and to urinate. Parents should work with school officials and teachers to ensure that proper provisions are in place for their children. Affected individuals are encouraged to wear medic alert bracelets or some similar form of identification that indicates that they have NDI.
Dietary modifications and drug therapy are used to decrease urine output. Individuals with NDI may be placed on a very low sodium diet because sodium contributes to water loss. Drugs that affect how much water is excreted in the urine (diuretics) may also be used. Diuretics, which include hydrochlorthiazide or chlorothiazide, inhibit the amount of salt absorbed by the kidneys, thereby reducing water loss. These drugs may be used alone or in combination with other drugs such as indomethacin or amiloride. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can increase urine concentration and reduce urine output. Indomethacin, which may also be used alone, may be associated with adverse side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding. Amiloride is a diuretic that helps the body maintain potassium levels, which may drop with hydrochlorthiazide therapy.
For individuals with acquired NDI treating the underlying cause (e.g., correcting metabolic imbalances or discontinuing drug use) can reverse the kidneys resistance to vasopressin. However, this reversal may take weeks. In some cases caused by the use of drugs such as lithium, it may takes years for the kidneys to respond to vasopressin again or it can become irreversible.
Individuals with NDI undergoing surgery that requires no food or drink for a period of time preceding the surgery should consult with their physicians. Affected individuals will require proper hydration, usually via an IV, before and/or during surgery.
Genetic counseling may be of benefit for affected individuals and their families with the inherited forms of the disorder. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Information on current clinical trials is posted on the Internet at www.clinicaltrials.gov. All studies receiving U.S. government funding, and some supported by private industry, are posted on this government web site.
For information about clinical trials being conducted at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, MD, contact the NIH Patient Recruitment Office:
Toll-free: (800) 411-1222
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
For information about clinical trials sponsored by private sources, contact:
Researchers are studying the use of pharmacological chaperones as potential treatments for individuals with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. In this form of NDI, defective vasopressin 2 receptors are misshapen (misfolded) and become trapped within the cell where they breakdown (degrade). These defective receptors do not reach the cell's plasma membrane where they promote water reabsorption. Researchers are studying the use of drugs that may be able to guide (chaperone) these receptors to the cell membrane. Researchers believe these pharmacological chaperones can bind with receptor proteins preserving enough of the natural shape and function of the proteins so that they do not become trapped within the cells and can travel to their proper destination and perform their intended function. Researchers are also studying the use of medications that can activate alternative pathways that result in an increase in aquaporin-2 water channels in the cell membrane, This approach attempts to by-pass the defective vasopressin 2 receptor. Since X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the aquaporin-2 water channel is thought to be normal, finding an alternative pathway to activate it may promotewater reabsorption. More research is necessary to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of these potential treatments for individuals with X-linked NDI.
Contact for additional information about nephrogenic diabetes insipidus:
Jeff M. Sands, MD
Juha P. Kokko Professor of Medicine and Physiology
Renal Division Director
Phone: 404-727-2525
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Song DK, Feldman EL. Diabetes Insipidus. NORD Guide to Rare Disorders. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA. 2003:313-4.
Reeves W, Andreoli T. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. In: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 7th ed. Scriver C, Beaudet A, Sly W, Valle D, eds. 1995; McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, Pp. 3045-3071.
Bockenhauer D, Bichet DG. Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015 Oct;11(10):576-88.
Olesen ETB, Rutzler MR, Moeller NB, Praetorius HA, Fenton RA. Vasopressin-independent targeting of aquaporin-2 by selective E-prostanoid receptor agonists alleviates nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2011;12949-12954. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3150913/
Bockenhauer D, van't Hoff W, Dattani M, et al. Secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus as a complication of inherited renal diseases. Nephron Physiol. 2010;116:23-29. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20733335
Jean Alphonse F, Perkovska S, Frantz MC, et al. Biased agonist pharmacochaperones of the AVP V2 receptor may treat congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20:190-203. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729439
Bouley R, Hasler U, Lu Haj, Nunes P, Brown D. Bypassing vasopressin receptor signaling pathways in nephrogenic dabetes insipidus. Semin Nephrol. 2008;28:266-278. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2494582/
Schrier RW. Body water homeostasis: clinical disorders of urinary dilution and concentration. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:1820-1832. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16738014
Sands JM, Bichet DG. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:186-94. http://www.the-aps.org/mm/Publications/Journals/PIM/sands-pdf.pdf
Bernier V, Morello JP, Zarruk A, et al., Pharmacological chaperones as a potential treatment for X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:232-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16319185
Bichet DG. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2006;13:96-104. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16580609
Khanna A. Acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Semin Nephrol. 2006;26:244-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16713497
De Mattia F, Savelkoul PJ, Kamsteeg EJ, et al., Lack of arginine vasopressin-induced phosphorylation of aquaporin-2 AQP2-R254L explains dominant nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:2872-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16120822
Fujiwara TM, Bichet DG. Molecular biology of hereditary diabetes insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:2836-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16093448
Sasaki S. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: update of genetic and clinical aspects. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19:1351-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15004257
Knoers N. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. 2000 Feb 12 [Updated 2012 Jun 14]. In: Pagon RA, Adam MP, Ardinger HH, et al., editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2016. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1177/ Accessed March 17, 2016.
Khardori R, Ullal J, Cooperman M. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. Emedicine Journal, April 10, 2014. Available at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/117648-overview Accessed March 16, 2016.
The information in NORD's Rare Disease Database is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of a physician or other qualified medical professional.
The content of the website and databases of the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) is copyrighted and may not be reproduced, copied, downloaded or disseminated, in any way, for any commercial or public purpose, without prior written authorization and approval from NORD. Individuals may print one hard copy of an individual disease for personal use, provided that content is unmodified and includes NORD's copyright.
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Congratulations to Lower Loudoun Little League, the 2017 Virginia State Junior League Baseball Champions! LLLL will be heading down to Fort Myers, Florida, to represent Virginia State in the Southeastern Region Junior League Baseball tournament, beginning August 4.
Central Loudoun Little League American, 2017 Virginia District 16 Little Baseball Champions!
Congratulations to Central Loudoun Little League American, your Virginia District 16 Little League Baseball Champions! CLLLA will represent our district at the Virginia State Little League Baseball Tournament in Triangle starting July 21.
Freedom Park closed July 14
Freedom Park is closed tonight, Friday, July 14th, due to heavy rain and lightning.
The updated plan is to play the LL Championship game tomorrow at 1:30pm. The if-needed game is tentatively scheduled for Monday evening.
Game times and fields are subject to further change as we confirm field, volunteer, and umpire availability. Plus, of course, more weather.
Extreme Heat Policy
District 16 takes safety very seriously. We want to play baseball, but not at the risk of anyone's health.
With the heat index expected to be over 100 on Thursday, July 13, everyone involved with District 16 tournaments should take a few minutes to familiarize themselves with the District 16 policy regarding play in extreme heat.
District 16 will follow the heat and humidity recommendations from Little League.
- When the heat index is in the Extreme Danger (red) category, games and warmups will be suspended.
- When the heat index is in the Danger (orange) category, we will take a 5-minute break at the end of the 2nd and 4th innings.
- We will resume game activities only when it is safe and appropriate to do so.
- We will use NOAA temperature, relative humidity, and heat index readings from the nearest available location. For Freedom Park in Leesburg, that is the weather station at Leesburg Executive Airport (KJYO).
Players, coaches, managers, umpires, and volunteers are encouraged (and should be reminded) to stay hydrated. We ask that everyone be vigilant. Fans should make sure family, friends, and neighbors in the stands are hydrating. Coaches should watch the players and other coaches. If anyone feels ill or sees someone showing signs of heat illness (no sweating, hot flushed skin), please alert tournament volunteers immediately.
Extreme heat conditions also tend to bring in thunderstorms, especially in the late afternoon and evening. District 16 follows the Loudoun County and Little League guidelines regarding lightning. If lightning is seen or thunder is heard, umpires will immediately suspend play for 30 minutes. Any additional lightning or thunder will reset the clock to 30 minutes. Players are to return to their cars and remain there until play can be resumed or the game is called.
Lower Loudoun Little League, 2017 Virginia District 16 Junior League Baseball Champions!
Congratulations to Lower Loudoun Little League, your Virginia District 16 Junior League Baseball Champions! LLLL will represent our district at the Virginia State Junior League Baseball Tournament in Bluefield starting July 21.
Central Loudoun Little League American, 2017 Virginia District 16 9-11 Year-Old Baseball Champions!
Congratulations to Central Loudoun Little League American, your Virginia District 16 9-11 Year-Old Baseball Champions! CLLLA will represent our district at the Virginia State 9-11 Year-Old Baseball Tournament in Luray starting July 14.
Freedom Park and Haske are closed July 6
Freedom Park and Haske are closed tonight. All Thursday games, including the suspended games, are pushed to Friday 7/7.
- At Haske, Friday's Championship game is pushed to Saturday at 4:30pm. The if-needed game is pushed to Sunday at 4:30pm.
- At Freedom Park, Friday's games are pushed to Saturday morning. Saturday's games will be moved to Good Times Park on Sunday afternoon.
All games and times are subject to further change as we confirm field, volunteer, and umpire availability. Plus, of course, weather.
For the suspended games now being resumed on Friday, the pitching rules (4g) posted last night still apply.
From the Green Book, page 133, rule 4h:
In a game ("Game A") suspended by darkness, weather, or other causes and resumed more than one calendar day later, the provisions of (g) above shall apply…
Since we are still playing the games in order the pitcher won't pitch in any game in between and the rest of rule 4h will not apply.


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Reynolds claims Regional Championship in 200 yd. Butterfly
ROCHESTER, NY – The Herkimer Generals swimming and diving team continued their excellence over the weekend at Monroe Community College, this season's host school for Regionals. The team saw many personal bests during the three-day swimming competition, with the men finishing in sixth place (63 points) and the women finishing in fourth place (249 points).
Heading the teams' effort was sophomore Kristina Reynolds (Sherburne-Earlville, NY). Not only did she break two of her own school records in the 400 yd. Individual Medley and 200 yd. Butterfly, but she also became a Regional Champion, posting a 2:30.89 in the Butterfly, almost three seconds better than the next finisher.
In total, Reynolds helped place Top 5 in seven events, four of them in medleys or relays. They were the 200 yd. Freestyle Relay, 400 yd. Medley Relay, 200 yd. Medley Relay and 800 yd. Freestyle Relay. The combination of Alexandra Whalen (New Hartford, NY), Erin Hutchison (Macedon, NY), Kaitlin Winnie (Accord, NY) and Reynolds captured one second-place, two third-place and one fourth-place finish. The second place finish came in the 800 yd. Freestyle Relay, where the team posted a 9:39.68.
Other individual Top 3 finishes came from Winnie and Hutchison. Winnie placed second in the 50 yd. Freestyle (26.90) and third in the 100 yd. Freestyle (1:00.33), while Hutchison placed third in the 1650 yd. Freestyle. 22:41.21 was good enough for a Herkimer College school record also.
As for the men, they had three Top 5 finishes in the 200 yd. Freestyle, 100 yd. Backstroke and 200 yd. Backstroke. Brandon Paul (Gloversville, NY) posted a 2:02.74 in the 200 yd. Freestyle, while David Stanley (Bronx, NY) posted a 1:02.14 in the 100 yd. Backstroke and 2:24.18 in the 200 yd. Backstroke.
Adding to the successful weekend, Herkimer also had two more swimmers qualify for Nationals. Both Brandon Paul and Tianderah Twichell (West Winfield, NY) did it in the 100 yd. Breaststroke.
The Generals next competition will be at Indian River State College for Nationals. It will consist of four days, starting on March 5th and concluding on March 8th. Starting times are to be announced.
Men (6th place 63 points):
50 yd. Freestyle (10th place 32.44) Davis
200 yd. Freestyle (4th place 2:02.74) Paul
100 yd. Breaststroke (8th place 1:20.48; 10th place 1:28.44) Paul, Davis
100 yd. Backstroke (3rd place 1:02.14) Stanley
200 yd. Backstroke (4th place 2:24.18) Stanley
100 yd. Freestyle (6th place 54.64; 8th place 59.62) Paul, Stanley
200 yd. Breaststroke (9th place 3:05.22) Davis
Women (4th place 249 points):
200 yd. Freestyle Relay (4th place 2:01.33) Whalen, Reynolds, Hutchison, Winnie
500 yd. Freestyle (7th place 7:11.94) Whalen
50 yd. Freestyle (2nd place 26.90) Winnie
400 yd. Medley Relay (4th place 5:06.44) Whalen, Hutchison, Reynolds, Winnie
200 yd. Medley Relay (3rd place 2:18.46) Whalen, Hutchison, Reynolds, Winnie
400 yd. Individual Medley (3rd place 5:23.64; 4th place 5:40.82) Reynolds, Hutchison
200 yd. Freestyle (6th place 2:37.87) Whalen
100 yd. Breaststroke (4th place 1:30.41) Twichell
100 yd. Backstroke (4th place 1:09.31) Reynolds
800 yd. Freestyle Relay (2nd place 9:39.68) Winnie, Whalen, Reynolds, Hutchison
200 yd. Backstroke (5th place 3:00.80) Whalen
100 yd. Freestyle (3rd place 1:00.33) Winnie
200 yd. Breaststroke (4th place 3:02.91; 5th place 3:13.94) Hutchison, Twichell
200 yd. Butterfly (1st place 2:30.89) Reynolds
1650 yd. Freestyle (3rd place 22:41.21) Hutchison
-Giorgio Varlaro; Athletic Website Manager


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Nidaros Domkirke
The goal of Trondheim's pilgrims in times past was the rambling Nidaros Domkirke, Scandinavia's largest medieval building, whose copper-green spire and multiple roofs lord it over the south end of Munkegata. Gloriously restored following several fires and the upheavals of the Reformation, the cathedral, which is dedicated to St Olav, remains the focal point of any visit to the city and is best explored in the early morning, when it's reasonably free of tour groups. In the summertime, there are free English-language guided tours and you can climb the cathedral tower for a panoramic view over the city and its surroundings.
The crowning glory of this magnificent blue- and green-grey soapstone edifice is its west facade, a soaring cliff-face of finely worked stone sporting a magnificent rose window, rank after rank of pointed arches, biblical, religious and royal figures by the dozen and a fancy set of gargoyles. The west facade and the nave behind may look medieval, but date from the nineteenth century: the originals were erected in the early Gothic style of the early thirteenth century, but they were destroyed by fire in 1719 and what you see today is a painstakingly accurate reconstruction. The fire did not, however, raze the Romanesque transepts, whose heavy hooped windows and dog-tooth decoration were the work of English stonemasons in the twelfth century. English workmen also lent a hand in the thirteenth-century choir, where the arches, flying buttresses and intricate tracery are the epitome of early Gothic – and are reminiscent of contemporaneous churches in England.
The interior
Inside the cathedral, the gloomy half-light hides much of the lofty decorative work, but it is possible to examine the strikingly ascetic early twentieth-century choir screen, whose wooden figures are the work of Gustav Vigeland. Vigeland was also responsible for the adjacent soapstone font, a superb piece of medievalism sporting four bas-reliefs depicting Adam and Eve, John the Baptist baptizing the Christ, the Resurrection and a beguiling Noah and the Ark: Noah peers apprehensively out of his boat, not realizing that the dove, with the telltale branch, is up above. The other item of particular interest is a famous fourteenth-century altar frontal (front panel of an altar painting) displayed in a chapel off the ambulatory, directly behind the high altar. At a time when few Norwegians could read or write, the cult of St Olav had to be promoted visually, and the frontal is the earliest surviving representation of Olav's life and times. In its centre, Olav looks suitably beatific holding his axe and orb; the top left-hand corner shows the dream Olav had before the Battle of Stiklestad, with Jesus dropping a ladder down to him from heaven. In the next panel down, Olav and his men are shown at prayer before the battle and, in the bottom right-hand corner, Olav meets a sticky end, speared and stabbed by three cruel-looking soldiers. The final panel shows church officials exhuming Olav's uncorrupted body and declaring his sainthood.
What you won't see now is the object of the medieval pilgrims' veneration: St Olav's silver casket-coffin was taken to Denmark and unceremoniously melted down to be made into coins in 1537.
Trondheim to the Lofoten islands
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Mike Day
Date of Birth: October 9, 1984
Height: 6'3"/1.9m
Weight: 205 lbs./93 kg./14.6 st.
Place of Birth: Tarzana, California
Hometown: Santa Clarita, California
Residence: Santa Clarita, California
Teams: Answer (1994-99); Sunland Cyclles (1999 - 2001); Staats Bicycles (2002-06) GT/Red Bull (2007-present)
Follow @mday365
Olympic Experience/UCI World Championships Results
- 2009 UCI BMX World Championships, Adelaide, Australia (2nd place)
- 2008 Olympic Games, Beijing, China (2nd place)
- 2006 UCI BMX World Championships, Sao Paolo, Brazil (3rd place)
- 2005 UCI BMX World Championships, Paris, France (2nd place)
Career Highlights
- 15th place — 2011 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup, Chula Vista, Calif.
- 9th place — 2010-11 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup, Papendal, Netherlands
- 1st place — 2007 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup, Salt Lake City, Utah
- 2nd place — 2007 Golden State National, California
- 2nd place — 2004 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup, Camp Woodward, Woodward, Pennsylvania
- 3rd place — 2003 X Games, Downhill BMX, Aspen, Colorado
- 3rd place — 2007 NBL Grand Nationals, Louisville, Kentucky
- 3rd place — 2007 Lake Mead National #1, Boulder City, Nevada
- 3rd place — 2007 Lake Mead National #2, Boulder City, Nevada
- 5th place — 2007 USA Cycling BMX National Championships, Waterford Oaks, Michigan
- 5th place — 2006 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup, Fréjus, France
- 6th place — 2007 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup, Madrid, Spain
Points of Interest
- Mike petitioned the global sanctioning body of cycling to grant him the race number "365" for life so from the back, his jersey and race number read "365 Day."
- According to Mike, if he wasn't a pro BMX athlete, he'd be pursuing a career in architecture with an interest in designing modern and custom-made homes.
- An avid dog lover, Mike has an English Bulldog named 'Tater'.
On June 14, 2008, Mike Day won a place in history by securing a spot on the first-ever USA BMX Olympic Team. BMX made its Olympic debut at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, China, and Mike, along with teammates Kyle Bennett, Donny Robinson, and Jill Kintner, possessed the greatest chance of bringing home an Olympic medal. Mike sailed through to the semifinal round by winning the seeding run time trial and by sweeping all three races in the quarterfinal round. Then on August 22, Mike became an Olympic medalist by scoring the silver medal in the final round.
Before the Olympics, Mike earned international recognition after a breakout year in 2004 that saw him earn a spot on the podium at both the X Games and at a UCI Supercross World Cup race. The following season, Mike scored several national-level victories and has since medaled three times at the BMX World Championships.
Mike comes from a family of BMX competitors which includes older brother Dave and younger brother Matt. Mike followed in Dave's footsteps. Seven years Mike's senior, Dave was a competitive BMX racer when Mike took up the sport on his ninth birthday. Growing up with the full support of his father, Mike has raced against fellow U.S. Olympic hopeful Bubba Harris since he was nine years old. Often times, the families would carpool to races together and Mike even attended the Harris family's BMX clinics. Nine years later, Mike turned pro and endures as one of the United States' top BMX competitors.
Plagued by back problems that sometimes forced him off his bike, Mike finally resigned himself to having surgery in the spring of 2010 to replace a herniated, bulging disc with an artificial one, which is the preferred method over fusion to keep full range of motion.
When Mike is not racing his BMX bike around the world, he enjoys riding at the local BMX park or on local trails in Southern California. He's also an avid snowboarder and plays golf.


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This indicates that the switching valve control circuit of the EVAP control system is no longer functioning properly. The EVAP system consists of components including (but not limited to) the gas cap, fuel lines, charcoal canister, purge valve, system pressure and flow sensors, electrical wiring and connectors, vacuum lines, the fuel tank, and fuel vapor hoses.
Variations in evaporative emission control system pressure or flow are received by the PCM in degrees of voltage. If the PCM detects a voltage reading that does not coincide with the manufacturer's reference voltage, a code will be stored and a malfunction indicator will be illuminated. Some models require multiple failure cycles for service engine soon lamp illumination but a code is normally stored on the first failure. Stored codes presented without malfunction indicator lamp illumination may be read as pending codes.
Normally, no symptoms other than a stored code and a service engine soon lamp will be exhibited. However, other evaporative emission control system codes are likely to be present.
The most common cause of this code being stored is a defective evaporative switching valve or control solenoid. Other causes may include a faulty or improperly installed fuel cap, a faulty purge control solenoid, a clogged or broken charcoal canister, broken or cracked vacuum or fuel vapor hoses, a faulty pressure or flow sensor, or a bad PCM. Corroded, broken, or shorted system circuitry or connectors are also likely culprits. PCM failure is rare and replacement will require reprogramming.
Inordinate amounts of time are often spent attempting to detect a leak when this code is presented before first testing for leak detection pump operation. However, evaporative emission control system components are sometimes replaced in error when a vacuum leak is present or the fuel cap is not properly tightened.


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Trigger Warning: The following article has content that could prove triggering for survivors of sexual violence.
As the verdict was handed down that Jerry Sandusky, convicted child rapist and former Penn State football coach, would spend the rest of his life in prison, the twitterverse exploded!
(it's notable that this came from a widely-followed sports reporter)
Now, I have to admit. While I consider myself on the road to understanding peace through pacifism, few things make me want to inflict violence on another more than violence against children, particularly sexual violence. It robs children of their innocence and scars them for life; any person that would inflict such violence on a child is seriously disturbed, and they deserve punishment.
But is wishing rape upon those who have committed atrocities the measure by which we should understand justice?
One of the great failures of our so-called "justice" system is that there are virtually no resources or effort put toward healing and rehabilitation. In short, restorative justice is all but absent from the U.S. understanding of justice and punishment.
Now, Jerry Sandusky did some terrible things, and for that, he should be punished. However, we also need to remember with as much empathy as we can muster that those who commit such violence against children are often doing as a result of their own trauma. Perpetrators of childhood sexual abuse are significantly more likely to have experienced similar abuse when they were children, and they are often suffering from tremendous hurt and depression as a result.
Does this excuse their abhorrent actions? Absolutely not. But does punishing violence with violence, rape with rape, help anyone or anything?
When one of my best friends told me that she was drugged and raped, I told her that I wanted to beat the shit out of the man who did that to her. Only later did I find out that such language only hurt her more. One of the first things we were told when I was trained to be a sexual assault survivor's advocate was, "Never introduce more violence into the situation. Even if you are angry and want to act in violence, to tell a survivor this or to act on your anger can often be tremendously retraumatizing or triggering for survivors."
When I see the twitter rants calling for Jerry Sandusky's rape in prison, I can't help but think about the survivors of his violence. Do calls for Sandusky's rape help them heal? Do calls for his rape help them feel that justice is done?
From all of this, three things are clear:
1. We fail to effectively support survivors of sexual violence in their healing.
With as many as 1 in 6 women (or 1 in 4 by other measures) and 1 in 33 men experiencing sexual assault in their lifetimes in the U.S., every single one of us knows survivors of sexual violence. However, 42% of rape survivors never tell anyone about what happened.
Yet the topic is, so often, brushed under the rug. While my father had many talks with me about sex, he never once talked to me about consent, its importance, or how to ask. If sexual violence is discussed in mainstream culture, it is to encourage women (and only women) to take certain precautions to prevent themselves from getting raped.
Where is the discussion of prevention, of consent, of positive sexuality in popular culture? What are we doing to help 1 in 4 women and 1 in 33 men heal from the trauma of sexual violence? Where are the national healing programs and initiatives to help those who have experienced trauma? When so many people are calling publicly for another person to be raped in response to such a terrible act, are we taking into account the effect on survivors or on our cultural consciousness? Considering that only about 4% of Americans go to counseling or psychotherapy in a given year, there seems to be a problem of access . . . or stigma.
2. We particularly fail to support male survivors of sexual violence.
10% of all survivors of sexual violence are men, and most (all?) of Sandusky's victims were young boys. "A greater percentage of juvenile sexual assault victims [are] male (18%) than [are] adult sexual assault victims (4%)." Yet outside of the often sheltered world of sexual violence prevention advocates (and even sometimes within this circle), there is little discussion of men as survivors. What discussion of men being raped that exists tends to only refer to prison rape, and that is often in the context of humor. However, 60,500 inmates are raped each year in prison, the vast majority of whom are men.
While the national numbers say that 42% of rape survivors never tell anyone, I would wager that number is far higher among male survivors of sexual violence. This is, in part, due to the gendered construction of rape. In the language and representations of sexual violence in our culture, women are the ones who are raped. This leads to a serious problem: the invisibility of male survivors of sexual violence. How can we help male survivors heal and move forward if we do not even acknowledge they exist? What are we doing to ensure that sexual violence never happens, no matter the gender of the survivor of the gender of the perpetrator? How can we help male survivors feel safer in acknowledging and seeking help after their trauma?
3. We fail to help rehabilitate and heal perpetrators of sexual violence so that it does not continue.
So often the attitude toward those in prison is, "They did something to deserve to be there, so they deserve whatever they get." This leads to two problems: 1. we ignore the violence that prisoners experience at the hands of guards or other prisoners. 2. we assume that prison is and should be simply a place of punishment rather than a place of rehabilitation, healing, and preparation to re-enter society.
The recidivism rates in the United States are absolutely out of control. This is because in the U.S., our criminal "justice" system exists for one purpose: punishment. God forbid we deal with the problem that caused the crime. In the case of sexual violence, how far might counseling, positive masculinity workshops, anger management training, and consent and positive sexuality training go in preventing the crime from being committed again?
After all, Sandusky is not going to see the outside of a prison in his life. However, the average sentence for rape in the U.S. is 11.8 years. Do we think that being raped brutally in prison as a punishment is going to make a person somehow less likely to commit sexual violence once they are released? Are they really going to say, "Ooooh . . . Now I know how it feels. I won't do that again"?
We all have a responsibility to end rape culture.
Whether through the most simple actions like our Tweets or through building healthy, positive sexual relationships or talking with our young people about positive sexuality, each and every one of us has a responsibility to work to end rape culture. No matter how much anger we feel toward people like Jerry Sandusky, we have to remember that
For ideas on how to better support survivors of sexual violence, read Supporting Survivors of Sexual Violence.


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Kovels' antiques & collectibles price list: for the 2002 market, illustrated
Random House Information Group, Oct 23, 2001 - Antiques & Collectibles - 896 pages
Ralph and Terry Kovel have put together the ultimate sourcebook in this 34th edition of the Price List. More than 50,000 of the most accurate, up-to-date values are included for almost every antique and collectible on the market. Also included in this handy reference is information on sales, catalogs, and auctions nationwide. Throw in handy tips on buying, selling, and preserving your collectibles, all in a convenient portable trim size (perfect to take along with you to auctions, flea markets, and antique shows), and you've got the only reference any collector will ever need on their shelves!
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Kovels' Antiques and Collectibles Price List 2002
Ralph M. Kovel,Terry H. Kovel
No preview available - 2001
Common terms and phrases
Amber Aqua Arms Art Deco Arts & Crafts Bakelite Base Basket Beaded Bird Bisque Black Border Bottle Bowl Brass Bronze Brown Button Cabinet Cabriole Legs Cameo Candlestick Carved Cast Iron Celluloid Chair Set Cherry Chest Chippendale Cobalt Blue Compote Cover Crest Cup & Saucer Design Diamond Dish Doors Drawers Embossed Enameled Feet Figurine Finial Floral Flowers Footed Frame George George III Gilt Giltwood Gold Trim Green Ground Handle Inlaid Ivory l8th l9th Century Lamp Late l9th Century Leaf Leather Louis XVI Mahogany Maple Marble Top Mark Matte Glaze Mattel Metal Mickey Mouse Mirror Molded Orange Oval Painted Pair Panels pattern is listed Piece Pine Pink Pitcher Plate Platter Pontil Porcelain Pottery Pressed Glass Rococo Rose Rosewood Scalloped Scene Scrolled Sculpture Seat Shade Shape Signed Sleep Eyes Sterling Silver Stickley Stopper Stylized Table Table Table Tray Tumbler Turquoise Upholstered Vase Walnut White Wooden Yellow


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Learn to weave on a loom for the first time or get your skills up to warp speed with Janet Dawson in Floor Loom Weaving.
Whether you're a weaving whiz or a wishful novice, Floor Loom Weaving will get your floor loom skills up to warp speed. Let Janet, owner of The Bobbin Tree in Sydney, Nova Scotia, shuttle you through each step, from preparing the loom to putting the finishing touches on your handwoven cloth. Beginners will learn the language of the loom and efficient ways to warp and weave, while experienced weavers will expand upon their drafting design skills and learn troubleshooting tips. Don't be floored by your weaving worries; loom large and confident in your weaving ability by enrolling today in Floor Loom Weaving.
If you're not delighted with your Bluprint experience, we'll make it right or give you a full refund.


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James.Toy Maker wrote:Anyone really still interested in the XLR's ??
I think I have a few more 1-meter pairs in stock.
If enough people want the try the XLR's I can box up (2) 1-meter pairs, and get a 2nd RoadShow going....
Let me know
I am interested in purchasing a set. PM me with a price.


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The Cruel Treatment Of James Williams -Page 14
Author: Williams, James
Medium: Letterpress
Date: 1837
This is the text of James Williams' autobiography, 'The Narrative of the Cruel Treatment of James Williams, a Negro Apprentice in Jamaica.' Williams was an apprentice on the Penhurst plantation in St Ann's in the 1830s. Apprenticeship was introduced in some parts of the Caribbean following the introduction of the Abolition of Slavery Act (passed in 1833, and enacted in 1834). Former slaves were required to remain with their owners and to continue to work for them as 'apprentices' for a period of time before they could become free. Williams supported the Abolitionists' campaign against the apprenticeship system, which made many enslaved people even worse off than they had been before. Here he describes some of the punishments that he received for minor offences, including floggings and time on the treadmill. He recounts how prisoners, especially females, were flogged for their inability to keep up. Williams' freedom was eventually bought by William Sturge for the price of eight doubloons, ten and a half dollars, and two bits. Later, he came back to England with his benefactor.


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