text:
NickMartin necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 358 diseños de 75 diseñadores freelance.
Plane.ly are Plancast for planes.
We're looking to change the culture of the air travel industry by connecting airline passengers with the greatest untapped resource of knowledge and entertainment on their flight – their fellow passengers. We provide passengers the ability to, in advance, check out who else is on their flight, contact their fellow fliers ahead of time and make mutual arrangements to sit together. We'll also be building a community around this concept.
Plane.ly are the world's first flight shortening service because your flight always feels shorter if you meet someone interesting (hence the .ly domain ;-))
Words that describe us are community, open, friendly, modern, social, future, different, simple, uncomplicated and trustworthy.
We're so confident you'll deliver the goods this competition will be going guaranteed. We can't wait to see what you come up with.
Plane.ly needs to appeal to a vast array of users, from business travelers to sports fans, to parents traveling with children, and vacationers looking for local insight on their destination.
Our revenue streams are to be Event/Conference organizers, large brands/associations/clubs and the airlines themselves so the look needs to be both personal and professional.
We'll need the following:
A logo with or without an accompanying image (must have the whole brand name, plane.ly, including the dot)
A version with and without a 'beta' tag
A favicon
A stand-out iPhone/iPad/Android app icon
Colors, fonts and images are completely up to you and we'll be leaving constant feedback as the contest goes on so you'll get a good idea of the direction we're leaning.
The files we will require are:
Print file format - .ai (CMYK)
Web file format - .jpg and layered .psd (RGB)
Please see the screenshot for the background of the site you'll be contrasting against.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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4 Inch Rectangular Off-Road High Quality Performance Work Light Trail Ridge - 1ALUA000211ALUA00021
Frequently bought together
Part Details
- Lighting Size: 4 Inch
- Lighting Wattage Rating: 18 Watt
- Lighting Bulb Count: 6 LED
- Lighting Lens Material: Polycarbonate Lens
- Lighting Beam Pattern: Spot Beam
- Product Grade: High Quality
- Lighting Housing Shape: Rectangular
- Lighting Usage: Off-Road
- Product Line: Performance
- Size: 110mm x 60mm (4-1/4" x 2-1/4")
- Shape: Rectangle
- LED Count: 6
- Lumens: 1080 lm
- Power: 18 Watts
- Beam Pattern: Spot (30°)
- Housing Material: Aluminum
- Lens Material: Polycarbonate
- Color Temperature: 6000K
- Current Draw: 12V/1.4A, 24V/0.75A
- Operating Voltage: 10-30V DC
- IP67 Rated
- Protected from dust
- Can be immersed in water for short periods of time
Universal Part Note:
This is a universal part and not a direct replacement for the existing part on your vehicle. In some situations, modifications may be necessary for it to fit and function properly.
Off-Road Use Only:
This product is intended for off-road use only as it may not be legal for use on public roadways or highways. It is the purchaser's responsibility to determine their local, state, and federal laws and regulation.
What makes our LED lighting better than the rest?
- Matched LEDs – LEDs can vary in color and brightness. Our lights use matched LEDs for consistent color and brightness across the whole assembly.
- Better internal wiring – Our light bars use heavier duty wiring and multiple power circuits to make sure that each LED gets optimal voltage. In the rare case that an LED is damaged or fails, it will not cause the surrounding ones to turn off like the lower quality versions.
- Better weatherproofing – Every one of our LED light bars is tested for leaks prior to shipment. The lenses use a one piece molded gasket, as opposed to lower quality units that have cut-to-fit pieces that can separate from each other.
- Better heat dissipation – Heavier duty heatsinks help to keep our LEDs shining longer.
- Better warranty – We are so confident in the quality of our LED lights that we back them with a lifetime warranty against defects.
Trusted Quality:
- Trail Ridge Truck Accessories are developed and built with a promise to provide high quality, durable parts for your truck and back them with the best warranty in the automotive industry. They are manufactured from the highest quality materials and are constructed to meet or exceed OEM standards. Every Trail Ridge truck part is rigorously tested to ensure superior fit, function, and durability. Quality, trusted value, and hassle-free installation are all backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee.
Item Condition:
Lifetime Warranty
This item is backed by a Limited Lifetime Warranty. In the event this item should fail due to manufacturing defects during intended use, we will exchange the part free of charge (excludes shipping charges) for the original purchaser.

subset: commoncrawl


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Bridge officer
A Bridge Officer (or "BOff") in Star Trek Online is a commissioned member of the player's bridge crew. A Captain may maintain up to 54 Bridge Officers, which are listed on the left of the Character Status window (default key U).
While merely serving as pools for abilities in space combat, up to four BOffs can fully join a player's away team in ground combat, offering both, abilities as well as firepower.
- 1 Gender, career path, race
- 2 Promotions and abilities
- 3 Using bridge officers
- 4 Customization
- 5 Acquisition
- 6 External links
Gender, career path, race[edit | edit source]
Like with player characters, the gender of a Bridge officer is purely cosmetic and has no gameplay effect (except for Orions). The career path of a BOff (Tactical, Engineering, Science; plus an optional specialization) determines which pool of abilities he/she has access to and which ship station he/she can occupy. The race of a BOff can have an impact on the Bridge Officer traits.
Traits[edit | edit source]
- See additional article: Bridge Officer traits
Bridge Officers have four traits which cannot be changed. Like player character traits, most of these grant benefits for the individual officer in ground combat, while few also buff the entire away team or give a bonus in space combat. Most BOff races have between one and up to four required traits, i.e., traits a specific race will always have.
A specific property of BOff traits are their three potencies:
- "Basic": 50% bonus
- "Standard": 100% bonus
- "Superior": 150% bonus
Potencies are determined by the BOff's quality/rarity:
|2x Basic
2x Standard
|1x Basic
3x Standard
|1x Basic
2x Standard
1x Superior
|Very Rare
|2x Standard
2x Superior
Promotions and abilities[edit | edit source]
- See also: Bridge officer and kit abilities
Like the player character, Bridge Officers have ranks. A Bridge Officer's rank determines her/his number of abilities (sometimes referred to as "Bridge Officer skills") in ground and space combat. A player can promote a BOff up to one rank below his/her own (up to (Sub-)Commander). A promotion also costs a small amount of expertise :
- 1 ability - Ensign / Warrior / Citizen - 1,100
- 2 abilities - Lieutenant - 2,300
- 3 abilities - Lieutenant Commander / Centurion - 3,600
- 4 abilities - Commander / Subcommander
Note that some very rare special bridge officers will always display a Starfleet/KDF rank, even for Romulan Republic players, who might thus have a BOff with the rank "Commander" (= Subcommander).
Bridge Officers are promoted by clicking the Career Options button at the bottom of an officer's status page and selecting the "Promote" option; a dialogue box will be opened with details of the promotion.
Training[edit | edit source]
- See additional article: List of Training Manuals craftable by captain
Bridge Officers can be trained in new skills, i.e., their pool of available clickable abilities can be increased. Training an officer requires a Training Manual (consumed in the process) for the desired ability and costs expertise (amount increases with the number of abilities the BOff already possesses). While only having access to four abilities in space/ground combat at once, a Bridge Officer can be trained in (i.e., add to his selection pool) all abilities existing for his/her career path, if the player acquires all the required Training Manuals.
Specializations[edit | edit source]
Bridge Officers can be trained in a specialization by using a special type of Training Manual called a "Specialization Qualification". The ability to craft these manuals is unlocked once a player character has spent 10 points in a given specialization.
One specialization may be active per Bridge Officer at once. An active specialization gives access to four specific ground, and four specific space abilities, which may then be slotted for that particular BOff. Using specialization-specific space abilities requires a playable starship with the respective station slot.
Using bridge officers[edit | edit source]
Space[edit | edit source]
For space combat, bridge officers can be assigned to specific stations (i.e., seats) on the player's ship. In most cases, each bridge station requires a specific career and rank. Only Bridge Officers of the correct career can be assigned to a career-specific bridge station; "universal stations" can be occupied by any of the three career paths, but not in combination with a specialization. Bridge officers will only be able to use the number of abilities corresponding to the rank of the station, even if they hold a higher rank.
Ground[edit | edit source]
- See main article: Away team
Customization[edit | edit source]
Players can customize a Bridge Officer's appearance by visiting a Tailor. Bridge Officers can be renamed at any time through your character window. Some Special Bridge Officers cannot be customized or renamed.
Acquisition[edit | edit source]
Candidates[edit | edit source]
Bridge Officer Candidates are primarily available from a requisition officer, such as Elsa Mora at Earth Spacedock, V'Qlar in First City, or Teelis on the Romulan Flotilla. New candidates may be purchased using Dilithium, and once acquired, are available to to be commissioned. A player may maintain no more than fifteen (15) uncommissioned candidates.
Faction-specific bridge officer candidates are also rewarded for some tutorial and early storyline missions and later obtained periodically as the player levels up (every 10 levels after level 15). Additionally, some unique, very rare cross-faction candidates are also rewarded from specific higher-level missions in the game.
Bridge Officer Candidates serve two purposes: they can either become a full member of the player's bridge crew, or they can be "converted" into a Training Manual of an ability they possessed, which can then be used to teach another BOff this ability.
Exchange[edit | edit source]
- Bridge Officer Candidates can be sold on the exchange for Energy credits.
Via mail[edit | edit source]
- Candidates can be sent through the mail to other characters (on a players account) or other players. This can only be done at a mail console that allows adding items to a message.
- Go to a mail terminal
- Compose a new message
- Open the Character Status window
- Switch to the Stations tab and open the Candidates window
- Drag the candidate to an open item slot in the mail window
Assignments rewarding Bridge Officers[edit | edit source]
- See also: Assignments rewarding bridge officers
There are also Recruitment duty officer assignments which reward Bridge Officers of various races, (excluding C-Store or special officers) such as Ferengi, Alien, Trill, Saurian, Bolian, Klingon, Gorn, Andorian, Human, Orion, Lethean... etc.
Note: Some assignments are faction specific and may require higher Commendation ranks.
Special Bridge Officers[edit | edit source]
- See also: Special bridge officer
There are a number of unique Bridge Officers which are obtained through other means, such as C-Store purchase or mission rewards.
Commissioning Officers[edit | edit source]
When a Bridge Officer Candidate becomes part of your crew, they are Commissioned Officers. You must have an empty Bridge Officer slots to commission an officer. Additional slots are earned as the player increases in rank, and additional slots can also be purchased in the C-Store.
Bridge Officer Candidates are commissioned by right-clicking on the candidate and selecting "Commission."
At the time of commissioning, the player will obtain a one-time opportunity to edit the officer's name, and to change their clothing and appearance without visiting a tailor.
Once a candidate is commissioned, players can promote them to a higher rank. Players can only promote an officer to a rank below themselves; therefore, Bridge Officers cannot be promoted until the player reaches the rank of Lieutenant Commander, however Bridge Officers cannot currently be promoted above the Federation rank of Commander, or the equivalent in the KDF or Romulan Republic.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Bridge officer at Memory Alpha, the Star Trek Wiki.
- Staff officer at Memory Alpha, the Star Trek Wiki.


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SNL's cold open features "the human cost" of the sequester.
With the sequester officially going into effect Friday evening, Saturday Night Live brought out Jay Pharoah's impression of Barack Obama for its cold open. The segment gave the show the ability to bring out "federal workers" of all stripes, including National Zoo staff and the ever-present USDA meat inspector . Later in the show, John Boehner's role in the sequester garnered a mention on Weekend Update segment.
Friday, Jay Leno tilled the ever-fertile ground of Congressional members not doing math well, while Jimmy Fallon took House Speaker John Boehner's "get off their ass" comment and extrapolated it into a war of words between Boehner and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid.
Fast forward to 3:40 to see Fallon go blow-by-blow on the conflict.


text:
Year in Review: Below absolute zero, but hot
Lab trickery achieves negative temperature
Ulrich Schneider must be a hit at cocktail parties. The physicist at Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich can tell awed guests that he is responsible for creating both the world's hottest substance and lowest temperature — at the same time.
Schneider's substance — a gas consisting of about 100,000 potassium atoms — reached a temperature below absolute zero, about –0.000000001 kelvins.
Unlike Fahrenheit and Celsius temperatures, where the zero point is arbitrary, absolute temperature (measured in kelvins) supposedly can go no lower than zero. And in fact, nothing can get colder than absolute zero. But a negative absolute temperature, though technically below zero, is actually infinitely hot.
That's because a positive or negative


text:
Justin Bieber Visits Philippines Typhoon Victims [PHOTOS]
It's easy to focus on all the negative stuff related to Justin Bieber that happens, like graffiti drama, bodyguard issues and negative comments. It's easy to forget that the Biebs is 19 and growing up under the glare of tweets and paparazzi flashbulbs.
Less attention is paid to his charitable endeavors and exploits, of which there are just as many. He just paid a surprise visit to victims of the typhoon in the Philippines.
The Category-5 typhoon struck on Nov. 8, displacing 3.5 million people.
The Biebs met with children and families at San Jose Elementary School in Tacloban on Tuesday, Dec. 10, listening to their tales of survival.
He visited Action Against Hunger's water and sanitation programs, engaged with local community members and played basketball with Action Against Hunger employees and performed an acoustic show. So, yeah, he did a LOT! There is photographic evidence, too.
Da Biebs also launched a fundraising program where donors of $10 or more are eligible for exclusive rewards, such as signed lyric sheets, as well as one grand prize winner who
will win a trip for two to meet Bieber in his recording studio in early 2014.
"When I saw what happened in the Philippines, I was shocked--the destruction was devastating and I wanted to do whatever I could to help," he said. "I always can count on my fans, so I started planning a way for us to make a big impact to help our friends in the Philippines together."


text:
Celebrate Christmas 2018 With Your FUMCCG Family!
Celebrate the joyous birth of our Savior, Jesus Christ with your First United Methodist Church family! Join us for the 2018 Christmas Eve and New Year's Day services in Coral Gables, Florida. Here, you will find a warm church family that wants to walk beside you in life's journey. You belong here!...Keep Reading


text:
Thanks for Checking In
Scissorcraft offers low cost, Ad-free subscriptions. Only $15.00 for thousands of quality graphics for children of any age or skill level.
As I was learning about all the different snow crystal classifications symbols I thought about applying a few to my Color Book pattern templates so that children and other interested parties could take a crack at making a snowflake based upon a scientific symbol.
Snowflakes come in more than just the 6-sided variety, so I made formats for the 12, 2 and 3 sided as well as the more common 6 sided shapes. The 4 sided shapes are provided just for their entertainment since there are no 4 sided snow flakes in nature.
Snowflakes begin as hexagonal shaped tiny particles of ice that do not shapeshift into squares. Learn about the Science of Snow and Ice Crystal formation.
Print templates on regular or colored paper. Use sharp scissors, and for intricate templates use small cuticle scissors.
Each of these templates were designed using actual snow and ice crystal classifications. Your snowflake will resemble a real live snowflake!
Be as creative as you want, there are no mistakes in art only opportunity. No two snowflakes are alike, at least that's what they say as not all snowflakes are symmetrical, some are just plain weird looking.


text:
TTYNAME(3) BSD Programmer's Manual TTYNAME(3)
ttyname, ttyname_r, isatty, ttyslot - get name of associated terminal (tty) from file descriptor
#include <unistd.h> char * ttyname(int fd); int ttyname_r(int fd, char *name, size_t namesize); int isatty(int fd); int ttyslot(void);
These functions operate on the system file descriptors for terminal type devices. These descriptors are not related to the standard I/O FILE typedef, but refer to the special device files found in /dev and named /dev/ttyXX and for which an entry exists in the initialization file /etc/ttys (see ttys(5)). The isatty() function determines if the file descriptor fd refers to a valid terminal type device. The ttyname() and ttyname_r() functions get the related device name of a file descriptor for which isatty() is true. The ttyname_r() function stores the NUL-terminated pathname of the terminal associated with the file descriptor fd in the character array referenced by name. The array is namesize characters long and should have space for the name and the terminating NUL character. The maximum length of the terminal name is TTY_NAME_MAX. The ttyslot() function fetches the current process's control terminal number from the ttys(5) file entry.
The ttyname() and ttyname_r() functions return the NUL-terminated name if the device is found and isatty() is true; otherwise a null pointer is re- turned and errno is set to indicate the error. The isatty() function returns 1 if fd is associated with a terminal dev- ice; otherwise it returns 0 and errno is set to indicate the error. The ttyslot() function returns the unit number of the device file if found; otherwise the value zero is returned.
/dev/* /etc/ttys
The ttyname() and isatty() functions will fail if: [EBADF] The fd argument is not a valid file descriptor. [ENOTTY] The fd argument does not refer to a terminal device. [ERANGE] The value of namesize is smaller than the length of the string to be returned including the terminating NUL charac- ter.
ioctl(2), ttys(5), dev_mkdb(8)
The isatty(), ttyname(), and ttyslot() functions appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX. The ttyname_r() function appeared in the POSIX Threads Exten- sion (1003.1c-1995).
The ttyname() function leaves its result in an internal static object and returns a pointer to that object. Subsequent calls to ttyname() will modify the same object. MirOS BSD #10-current June 4, 1993 1
Generated on 2017-04-03 16:26:17 by $MirOS: src/scripts/roff2htm,v 1.88 2017/01/29 00:51:06 tg Exp $
These manual pages and other documentation are copyrighted by their respective writers;
their source is available at our CVSweb,
AnonCVS, and other mirrors. The rest is Copyright © 2002–2017 The MirOS Project, Germany.
This product includes material provided by mirabilos.
This manual page's HTML representation is supposed to be valid XHTML/1.1; if not, please send a bug report — diffs preferred.


text:
IYC Global Water Experiment in the Philippines Ma. Cecilia Almeda | added on Dec 12, 2011 | Philippines The event happened last November 17, 2011, at MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, in celebration of the International Year of Chemistry. It was participated by freshmen students from ten (10) secondary schools.
|global water experiment, ph of the planet, salinity, solar still
|students, general public, secondary school students, high schools, school children, secondary schools, secondary schools students


text:
Summary of Awake:
Alex loves science, especially studying rocks. She enjoys spending her summers working at the Gem and Mineral Museum where she feels in control and comfortable. The summer before she leaves for college, her equilibrium is thrown off when Luke, her high school's heart throb (and her former best friend), takes a job at the museum too. What's more, Alex is thrust into an unexpected magical adventure when some ancient artifacts show up at the museum—one of which is an 800 year old bed with a princess sleeping on it! Clueless about fairy tales, she teams up with a co-worker and the awakened princess to unravel the mystery and break the curse. Together, they find they have an unlikely bond. Reluctantly, Alex learns about the magic that resides within her, the importance of friendship, and the power of true love.
Author Jessica Grey has woven together a distinctive and unpredictable retelling of "Sleeping Beauty." There is an interesting dichotomy between the magical, fairy tale world and the real, modern world. The fairy tale setting is portrayed as "real" with a seamless blend of fairies and magic in the natural world. Then, there is the modern world with a hidden magic below the surface of constant busyness and sterile technology. Finally, there is a fairy realm where magic is still strong.
Another unique aspect is the characterization. The female characters are strong, smart, and heroic which contrasts sharply with the traditional retelling where the prince embodies those character qualities. Alex does not define herself by the "prince" or other men. Instead, she is independently forging her own path. During the story, she finds strength in her female friendships and eventually in true love based on friendship and respect. I like that Alex is not perfect and popular. She is the intelligent, nerdy girl. The downside is that she sometimes downplays her abilities and appearance too much. She severely lacks confidence in herself, particularly early in the novel. This situation does remedy itself for the most part.
There are lots of twists, turns, and unexpected events in Awake, making it an enjoyable and engaging read. I recommend this book for ages 10 and up.


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Sen. Dianne Feinstein of California sparked one of the most memorable exchanges of the James Comey hearing Thursday by asking the former FBI director about President Trump's request to drop the criminal investigation of former national security adviser Michael Flynn.
"You're big, you're strong," the veteran Democratic senator told Comey. "I know the Oval Office, and I know what happens to people when they walk in. There is a certain amount of intimidation. But why didn't you stop and say, 'Mr. President, this is wrong – I cannot discuss that with you'?"
"Maybe if I were stronger, I would have," Comey replied. "I was so stunned by the conversation that I just took it in."
In today's political climate, it's rare to find bipartisanship. But as President Trump calls on Senate Republicans to pass a bill in the coming weeks that would overhaul the Affordable Care Act, governors from both sides of the aisle are unified in opposition.
The Senate GOP healthcare bill would cut Medicaid spending by $772 billion over the next decade, leaving millions of low-income people uninsured in states where Medicaid was expanded under the Affordable Care Act, commonly known as Obamacare.
The governors from states that took advantage of the Medicaid expansion have worked together in crafting letters, holding teleconferences with reporters and hosting private meetings with members of Congress. Some have called for no repeal, others a more measured approach. Who are they? Here's a look:
President Trump on Sunday circulated a doctored video clip on Twitter that showed him physically attacking a crudely rendered stand-in for CNN, a post that drew rebukes from critics as an incitement to violence, but prompted renewed expressions of support from backers.
In doing so, Trump also ignored pleas to stop tweeting or at least take a more presidential tone -- from lawmakers in his own party -- after he took his war against news media to new heights last week with a coarse post on the appearance and intellect of cable television host Mika Brzezinski. On Saturday he also posted several anti-media messages as Americans began their Fourth of July celebration.
Sunday's tweet, which used an edited version of a years-old promotional video for professional wrestling, showed Trump, clad in a business suit and tie, administering a choreographed beat-down to a figure whose face was obscured by CNN's logo.
A growing number of states have rejected a request for personal information about voters from a presidential commission on vote fraud led by Kansas' controversial Secretary of State Kris Kobach.
Kobach, the vice chairman of the commission, sent letters to each state and Washington, D.C., asking for voters' personal information. The request asked for names, addresses, voting history and the last four digits of voters' Social Security numbers.
The commission was set up to look into voter fraud after President Trump alleged that he lost the popular vote in 2016 only because millions of people voted illegally -- a claim that numerous states' election officials from both parties and outside experts have dismissed as groundless.
Two House Democrats want Congress to look into possible conflicts of interest in the Trump administration's handling of investigations into Pasadena's OneWest Bank — a bank formerly headed by now-Treasury Secretary Steven T. Mnuchin.
Reps. Maxine Waters (D-Los Angeles) and Al Green (D-Texas) said Friday that there was "room for considerable doubt as to the impartiality and the adequacy of this administration's investigations into OneWest" and a subsidiary, Financial Freedom.
Mnuchin was the bank's chairman from 2009 to 2015. President Trump has nominated Joseph Otting, the former chief executive of OneWest, to be comptroller of the currency, a key bank regulator who is part of the Treasury Department.
Dean Heller is Stephanie Diaz-Gonzalez's problem now.
She's never met Nevada's Republican senator and hadn't had much time to familiarize herself. How could she? The 25-year-old is holding down a full-time job and ra+ising a 7-year-old son, who keeps her busy with soccer games, math homework and those too-often terrifying moments when he can't breathe.
When President Trump was elected and congressional Republicans moved on their top priority to dismantle Obamacare, Diaz-Gonzalez got to know Heller a whole lot better.
The co-hosts of MSNBC's "Morning Joe" program hit back at President Trump after his Twitter attack on them.
In an op-ed in Friday's Washington Post, co-anchors Mika Brzezinski and Joe Scarborough wrote that they had criticized Trump, but that "our concerns about his unmoored behavior go far beyond the personal."
"America's leaders and allies are asking themselves yet again whether this man is fit to be president," they wrote.
President Trump has governed five months under a cloud of questions about his relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin, yet the two men will meet next week for the first time, on the sidelines of the G20 summit of world leaders in Hamburg, Germany.
White House officials on Thursday confirmed plans for the private meeting but said no decisions had been made about the topics Trump will raise. So it's unclear whether the men will discuss Russia's election-year cyberattacks that are the focus of criminal and congressional investigations.
"Our relationship with Russia is not different from any other country in terms of us communicating with them, really, what our concerns are, where we see problems in the relationship but also opportunities," said Trump's national security advisor, H.R. McMaster.


text:
Guide to statutory provisions in public sector collective bargaining: impasse resolution procedures
Industrial Relations Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1981 - Political Science - 217 pages
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text:
Pens, Flyers team up for international youth tourneyby Dan Rosen
What comes to mind when someone mentions the Pittsburgh Penguins and Philadelphia Flyers in the same breath? Intense rivalry? Battle of Pennsylvania? Mario Lemieux? Bobby Clarke? Subpar goaltending (at least in the 2012 Stanley Cup Playoffs)?
It's probably all of the above and so much more.
What you likely wouldn't ever think about (and why would you?) is a partnership behind the scenes for the betterment of the game at the grassroots level.
Could you just imagine …
Wait a minute, that is actually happening and, dare we say, it's a civil collaboration between franchises that share the same state and many of the same goals beyond just winning the Stanley Cup. There's no greater example of their ability to partner than what the Penguins and Flyers jointly announced Thursday.
The in-state rivals disclosed that they are teaming up to select the best 10-year-olds in Pennsylvania to represent the state in the 2013 Brick International Super Novice Tournament in Edmonton, an event Penguins president and CEO David Morehouse referred to as "the Little League World Series for 10-year-old hockey players."
"Next time we play Philadelphia we'll try to beat them as badly as before and they'll try to beat us as badly as before, but off the ice this kind of collaboration is something the League will benefit from," Morehouse told NHL.com. "It makes perfect sense in almost the antithesis kind of way. Of course we're bitter rivals, but we're very passionate about hockey, so who better to team up with than people as passionate about hockey as you are."
The Penguins and Flyers will start by forming select teams from their regions to play in various tournaments. The top players from the two select teams will be chosen to make up Team Pennsylvania 2003 (birth year of the players) and will travel to Edmonton to play in the annual international tournament from July 1-7.
"It's such a fierce battle in our state, but we're all in it to promote hockey in the state," Comcast-Spectacor president Peter Luukko told NHL.com. "To have the ability for good players from both of our cities to get together, play together and get to know each other is great. Come the season starting again we'll get our hate on for each other, but for now we're teammates."
Due to the rivalry and the fact that their respective reaches in the state of Pennsylvania can only go so far, the teams felt it necessary to find a neutral ambassador for the team.
Enter Mark Recchi.
Recchi, one of the more noteworthy players to have played for both the Penguins and Flyers, will be one of the coaches for Team Pennsylvania 2003. He lives in Pittsburgh and helps coach his 11-year-old son's team in the Penguins Elite program.
"It's for the betterment of the game and the betterment for the kids," Recchi told NHL.com. "The rivalry on the ice will never change, but we're talking about kids here. We're talking about developing kids, growing them and giving them the best opportunities. It's getting kids more involved and more kids wanting to play hockey. That's what they're trying to do.
"This is about the kids. There is a huge rivalry, but this will be fun for the kids. That's the whole concept to it."
The concept for Team Pennsylvania 2003 was born out of the Penguins' willingness to reach eastward, across the state, to gauge the Flyers' interest in joining forces.
Morehouse said the Penguins were invited by representatives from the Brick Invitational to form a team from the Pittsburgh area for the 2013 tournament. Seeing that other states (among them Connecticut, Minnesota, California) have put together teams for the tournament, the Penguins asked the Flyers if they would be interested in helping them put together a team comprised of the top 2003-born players in Pennsylvania.
"It's for the betterment of the game and the betterment for the kids. The rivalry on the ice will never change, but we're talking about kids here. We're talking about developing kids, growing them and giving them the best opportunities. It's getting kids more involved and more kids wanting to play hockey."
-- Mark Recchi, former NHL player for both the Penguins and Flyers
"We may not talk to each other on game day, but we're always working on ways we can all do business a little bit better," Luukko said. "Both of our organizations feel a real responsibility to promote youth hockey and to see the sport grow, to make sure the kids can go places but also get good coaching and training, improve their physical game, their love of the game and their enjoyment of the game. That's important."
It turns out the pool of potential players for Team Pennsylvania is large.
According to myrankings.com, a website that ranks the top youth hockey teams in North America, three teams from Pennsylvania are in the top 10 in the 2003 AAA national rankings. The Valley Forge Minutemen, who play out of a rink in Oaks, Pa., about 25 miles from Philadelphia, are ranked second. The Pittsburgh Penguins Elite are fourth and the Flyers-sponsored Team Comcast is ninth.
"It really tells you that the sport has gone from what was just a spectator level to now kids playing at a very high level," said Luukko, who has one son playing at the University of Vermont and another playing prep school hockey in New England. "They've grown up through the youth system in Pennsylvania and both have gone on to play at a nice level. It shows where hockey has gone."
Morehouse, whose son Jackson will try to make Team Pennsylvania 2003, can't see any possible way the Penguins-Flyers rivalry would get in the way of this collaborative effort. He said the parents of the kids who make the team may have their set allegiances to one of the two NHL teams, but upon further review "we have a lot more in common than we don't."
"I'm from Pittsburgh, so I grew up learning to love to hate the Flyers," Morehouse added. "I understand the passion both fan groups have for their own team and against the other, but it's in all of our interests to get kids playing to grow the game. Collaborating is the best way to do it."
Follow Dan Rosen on Twitter at: @drosennhl


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Some of the entries in last year's top ten list would have made this year's list as well. Here is how they fared during the last 12 months.
News Corp. (2011: #1)
The News Corp. phone hacking scandal continued unabated. Former tabloid editors Rebekah Brooks and Andy Coulson were accused by British prosecutors of conspiring to pay public officials in exchange for information. Later in the year, the final report of the Leveson Inquiry criticized News Corp. as follows: "Most responsible corporate entities would be appalled that employees were or could be involved in the commission of crime in order to further their business. Not so at the News of the World." The report also proposed a new arbitration scheme conducted by a new regulator. In December, News Corp. chair and CEO Rupert Murdoch announced a proposed split of the company into a publishing and a bigger media company. The publishing company will retain the name News Corporation and will consist of newspapers, including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Post, and Harper Collins. Mr. Murdoch will serve as chairman. The bigger company will be called Fox Group and will include Fox Broadcasting, 20th Century Fox and cable channels like Fox News and FX. It will be led by Chase Carey, currently News Corporation's president and chief operating officer.
TEPCO and the Japanese Government (2011: #2)
A series of reports by the Japanese government as well as independent panels harshly criticized Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO), the operator of the Fukushima nuclear power plant, as well as Japanese regulators for insufficient preparedness and inadequate crisis response measures. Both TEPCO and the Japanese government were also criticized for lack of transparency and timely release of information. Anti-nuclear power sentiment in Japan has grown strongly over the last year. Only two of the country's reactors are online and Japan's new nuclear regulatory body is in the process of issuing new regulations. That said, the recent parliamentary elections awarded the traditionally pro-nuclear LDP a majority of seats. How this will affect Japan's new regulatory landscape and its nuclear policy remains to be seen.
Penn State (2011: #3)
Another horrific year for Penn State. Jerry Sandusky was found guilty on 45 of 48 counts of sexual abuse and sentenced to 30-60 years in prison. The scandal had far-reaching outcomes for the university. The July 2012 report of an independent investigation led by former FBI director Louis Freeh stated that former Penn State University President Graham Spanier and legendary Penn State football coach, the late Joe Paterno, along with Athletic Director Timothy Curley and school vice president Gary Schultz, had known about allegations of child abuse on Sandusky's part as early as 1998, and were complicit in failing to disclose them. In doing so, Freeh stated that the most senior leaders at Penn State showed a "total disregard for the safety and welfare of Sandusky's child victims" for 14 years and "empowered" Jerry Sandusky to continue his abuse.
Following the report, the NCAA imposed sweeping penalties on Penn State — among the most severe ever imposed on an NCAA member school — including a fine of $60 million, a four-year postseason ban, scholarship reductions and vacating of all victories from 1998–2011. In doing so, NCAA President Mark Emmert stated that the sanctions were levied "not to be just punitive, but to make sure the university establishes an athletic culture and daily mindset in which football will never again be placed ahead of education, nurturing and protecting young people." The Big Ten Conference subsequently imposed an additional $13 million fine. Former Penn State officials Spanier, Curley and Schultz have since been brought up on criminal charges for their role in the abuse scandal.
German Politicians (#4)
More problems for German politicians. In addition to further claims of plagiarism against various politicians (including the current minister of education and research), German Federal President Christian Wulff had to step down after being investigated for corruption. While the actual amounts (by international standards) seemed small (paid vacations, a favorable mortgage, etc.), they raised major questions of character and judgment. Moreover, the former President's efforts to diffuse the issue landed him in more hot water. At the end, it was all too much.
Having survived the embarrassing revelations regarding a 2007 "incentive trip" for its top salesmen which involved the hiring of prostitutes in Hungary as well as various other allegations, German newspaper Handelsblatt reported that Ergo had paid for employees to visit a swingers club in Jamaica and a brothel on the Spanish island of Majorca. The company had previously stated that the 2007 event had been a singular incident. Confronted with the new revelations the company first argued that the cases are not comparable and engaged in a brief battle with the newspaper, but later promised improved transparency, among other things providing a website with details on any "inappropriate behavior."
Netflix (2011: #6)
After the Qwikster disaster, Netflix stock somewhat recovered to about $94, better than last year's $67 per share, but still far from its height at $300 reached before last year's crisis. However, a July Facebook posting by CEO Reid Hastings boasting of exceeding 1 billion hours of video streaming in a month for the first time led to a statement by the SEC that it may sue the company. This led to an interesting debate about what disclosure means in the digital age.
HP certainly would have made the 2012 list. This time over its Autonomy acquisition, now discussed as a candidate for "worst corporate deal ever," possibly edging out the previous leader: the Time Warner-AOL merger. HP is suing former Autonomy executives and auditors over alleged misrepresentations, while investors are suing HP.
Fifa (2011: #8)
The Fifa corruption scandal is continuing, though at a lower level of intensity. The person in charge of investigating corruption at Fifa reported "resistance," especially by some older members. The investigative panel also asked European lawmakers to get involved.
The U.S. Government (2011: #9)
Having narrowly avoided disaster over the debt ceiling, the U.S. government now tries to avoid the "fiscal cliff," a legacy problem created by the negotiated solution of the debt ceiling crisis. We'll keep our fingers crossed.
The Republican Candidates (2011: #10)


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Frequent Links
The Sound of Music
|The Sound of Music
Original cast recording
|Richard Rodgers
|Oscar Hammerstein II
Howard Lindsay
Russel Crouse
|1956 German film Die Trapp-Familie and Maria von Trapp's autobiography The Story of the Trapp Family Singers
The Sound of Music (1959) is a multiple Tony Award–winning musical by Richard Rodgers, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II and a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse. It is based on the memoir of Maria von Trapp, The Story of the Trapp Family Singers. Many songs from the musical have become standards, such as "Edelweiss", "My Favorite Things", "Climb Ev'ry Mountain", "Do-Re-Mi", and the title song "The Sound of Music".
The original Broadway production,[1] starring Mary Martin and Theodore Bikel, opened on November 16, 1959. This production was a five time winner at the 14th Tony Awards, out of nine nominations. The original London production opened at The Palace Theatre on May 18, 1961 starring Jean Bayless and Roger Dann. The show has enjoyed numerous productions and revivals since then, with a 1998 Broadway production earning a Tony nomination for Best Revival. It was adapted as a 1965 film musical starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer, which won five Academy Awards. The Sound of Music was the final musical written by Rodgers and Hammerstein; Oscar Hammerstein died of cancer nine months after the Broadway premiere.
- 1 History
- 2 Story
- 3 Musical numbers
- 4 Main characters
- 5 Notable productions
- 6 Film adaptation
- 7 Televised production
- 8 Reception
- 9 Cast recordings
- 10 Notes
- 11 References
- 12 Further reading
- 13 External links
After viewing The Trapp Family, a 1956 West German film about the von Trapp family, and its 1958 sequel (Die Trapp-Familie in Amerika), stage director Vincent J. Donehue thought that the project would be perfect for his friend Mary Martin; Broadway producers Leland Hayward and Richard Halliday (Martin's husband) agreed.[2] The producers originally envisioned a non-musical play that would be written by Lindsay and Crouse and that would feature songs from the repertoire of the Trapp Family Singers. Then they decided to add an original song or two, perhaps by Rodgers and Hammerstein. But it was soon agreed that the project should feature all new songs and be a musical rather than a play.[3]
Details of the history of the von Trapp family were altered for the musical. The real Georg Ludwig von Trapp did live with his family in a villa in Aigen, a suburb of Salzburg, and Maria von Trapp (born Maria Augusta Kutschera) had been sent to be a tutor to one of the children. Lindsay and Crouse altered the story so that Maria was governess to all of them. The names and ages of the children were also altered, as was Maria's original surname (the show used "Rainer" instead of "Kutschera"). The von Trapps spent some years in Austria after Maria and the Captain married and was offered a commission to Germany's navy. Since Von Trapp opposed the Nazis by that time, the family left Austria after the Anschluss, going by train to Italy and then traveling on to London and the United States.[4] To make the story more dramatic, Lindsay and Crouse had the family, soon after Maria's and the Captain's wedding, escape over the mountains to Switzerland on foot.
Act I
In Salzburg, Austria, just before World War II, nuns from Nonnberg Abbey sing the Dixit Dominus. One of the postulants, Maria Rainer, is on the nearby mountainside, regretting leaving the beautiful hills ("The Sound of Music") where she was brought up. She returns late. The Mother Abbess and the other nuns consider what to do about her ("Maria"). Maria explains her lateness, saying she was raised on that mountain, and apologizes for singing in the garden without permission. The Mother Abbess joins her in song ("My Favorite Things").[5] The Mother Abbess tells her that she should spend some time outside the abbey to decide whether she is ready for the monastic life. She will act as the governess to the seven children of a widower, Austro-Hungarian Navy submarine Captain Georg von Trapp.
Maria arrives at the villa of Captain von Trapp. He explains her duties and summons the children with a boatswain's call. They march in, clad in uniforms. He teaches her their individual signals on the call, but she openly disapproves of this militaristic approach. Alone with them, she breaks through their wariness and teaches them the basics of music ("Do-Re-Mi").
Rolf, a young messenger, delivers a telegram and then meets with the oldest child, Liesl, outside the villa. He claims he knows what is right for her because he is a year older than she ("Sixteen Going on Seventeen"). They kiss, and he runs off, leaving her screaming with joy. Meanwhile, the housekeeper, Frau Schmidt, gives Maria material to make new clothes, as she had given all her possessions to the poor. She sees Liesl slipping in through the window, wet from a sudden thunderstorm, but agrees to keep her secret. The other children are frightened by the storm. Maria sings "The Lonely Goatherd" to distract them.
Captain von Trapp arrives a month later with Elsa Schräder and Max Detweiler. Elsa tells Max that something is preventing the Captain from marrying her. He opines that only poor people have the time for great romances ("How Can Love Survive"). Rolf enters, looking for Liesl, and greets them with "Heil". The Captain orders him away, saying that he is Austrian, not German. Maria and the children leapfrog in, wearing playclothes that she made from old drapes. Infuriated, the Captain sends them off to change. She tells him that they need him to love them, and he angrily orders her back to the abbey. As she apologizes, they hear the children singing "The Sound of Music", which she had taught them, to welcome Elsa Schräder. He joins in and embraces them. Alone with Maria, he asks her to stay, thanking her for bringing music back into his house. Elsa is suspicious of her until she explains that she will be returning to the abbey in September.
The Captain gives a party to introduce Elsa, and guests argue over the Anschluss. Kurt asks Maria to teach him to dance the Ländler. When he is unable to negotiate a complicated figure, the Captain steps in to demonstrate. He and Maria dance until they come face-to-face; and she breaks away, embarrassed and confused. Discussing the expected marriage between Elsa and the Captain, Brigitta tells Maria that she thinks Maria and the Captain are really in love with each other. Elsa asks the Captain to allow the children say goodnight to the guests with a song, "So Long, Farewell". Max is amazed at their talent and wants them for the Kaltzberg Festival, which he is organizing. The guests leave for the dining room, and Maria slips out the front door with her luggage.
At the abbey, Maria says that she is ready to take her monastic vows; but the Mother Abbess realizes that she is running away from her feelings. She tells her to face the Captain and discover if they love each other, and tells her to search for and find the life she was meant to live ("Climb Ev'ry Mountain").
Act II
Max teaches the children how to sing on stage. When the Captain tries to lead them, they complain that he is not doing it as Maria did. He tells them that he has asked Elsa to marry him. They try to cheer themselves up by singing "My Favorite Things" but are unsuccessful until they hear Maria singing on her way to rejoin them. Learning of the wedding plans, she decides to stay only until the Captain can arrange for another governess. Max and Elsa argue with him about the imminent Anschluss, trying to convince him that it is inevitable ("No Way to Stop It"). When he refuses to compromise, Elsa breaks off the engagement. Alone, the Captain and Maria finally admit their love, desiring only to be "An Ordinary Couple". As they marry, the nuns reprise "Maria" against the wedding processional.
During the honeymoon, Max prepares the children to perform at the Kaltzberg Festival. Herr Zeller, the Gauleiter, demands to know why they are not flying the flag of the Third Reich now that the Anschluss has occurred. The Captain and Maria return early from their honeymoon before the Festival. In view of developments, he refuses to allow the children to sing. Max argues that they would sing for Austria, but the Captain points out that it no longer exists. Maria and Liesl discuss romantic love; Maria predicts that in a few years Liesl will be married ("Sixteen Going on Seventeen (Reprise)"). Rolf enters with a telegram that offers the Captain a commission in the German Navy, and Liesl is upset to discover that Rolf is now a committed Nazi. The Captain consults Maria and decides that they must secretly flee Austria. German Admiral von Schreiber arrives to find out why Captain Von Trapp has not answered the telegram. He explains that the German Navy holds him in high regard, offers him the commission, and tells him to report immediately to Bremerhaven to assume command. Maria says that he cannot leave immediately, as they are all singing in the Festival concert; and the Admiral agrees to wait.
At the concert, after the von Trapps sing an elaborate reprise of "Do-Re-Mi", Max brings out the Captain's guitar. Captain von Trapp sings "Edelweiss", as a goodbye to his homeland, while using Austria's national flower as a symbol to declare his loyalty to the country. Max asks for an encore and announces that this is the von Trapp family's last chance to sing together, as the honor guard waits to escort the Captain to his new command. While the judges decide on the prizes, the von Trapps sing "So Long, Farewell", leaving the stage in small groups. Max then announces the runners-up, stalling as much as possible. When he announces that the first prize goes to the von Trapps and they do not appear, the Nazis start a search. The family hides at the Abbey, and Sister Margaretta tells them that the borders have been closed. The Nazis do not find them until Rolf comes upon them. He calls his lieutenant; but, upon seeing Liesl hiding, he reports that he has found no one. To help them flee, the nuns have secretly sabotaged the cars of the Nazis. The von Trapps flee over the Alps as the nuns reprise "Climb Ev'ry Mountain".
Musical numbers
- Notes
- The musical numbers listed appeared in the original production unless otherwise noted.
- † Sometimes replaced by "Something Good", which was written for the film version.
- ‡ Replaced by "The Lonely Goatherd" in the 1998 revival.
- In some productions, "My Favorite Things" follows "Sixteen Going on Seventeen" in the thunderstorm scene, while "The Lonely Goatherd" is shifted to the concert scene.
- Many stage revivals have also included "I Have Confidence" and "Something Good", which were written by Richard Rodgers for the film version (since the film was made after original lyricist Oscar Hammerstein's death).
- Although many people believe that "Edelweiss" is a traditional Austrian song, it was in fact written for the musical and did not become known in Austria until after the film's success.[6]
- The Ländler dance performed by Maria and the Captain during the party is only loosely based on the traditional Austrian dance of the same name.[7]
Main characters
Sources: Rodgers & Hammerstein[8] Guidetomusicaltheatre.com[9]
- Maria Rainer, a postulant at Nonnberg Abbey
- Captain Georg von Trapp
- Max Detweiler, Captain von Trapp's friend, a music agent and producer
- The Mother Abbess, the head of Nonnberg Abbey
- Elsa Schraeder[10] "wealthy and sophisticated" and Captain von Trapp's would-be fiancée
- Rolf Gruber, the 17-year-old Nazi delivery boy who is in love with Liesl
- Sister Bertha, the Mistress of Novices
- Sister Margareta, the Mistress of Postulants
- Sister Sophia, a sister at the Abbey
- Herr Zeller, the Gauleiter
- Franz, Captain von Trapp's butler
- Frau Schmidt, Captain von Trapp's housekeeper
- The Children:
- Liesl von Trapp, age 16
- Friedrich von Trapp, age 15
- Louisa von Trapp, age 13
- Kurt von Trapp, age 11
- Brigitta von Trapp, age 10
- Marta von Trapp, age 7
- Gretl von Trapp, age 5
Notable productions
Original productions
The Sound of Music opened on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre on November 16, 1959, moved to the Mark Hellinger Theatre on November 6, 1962 and closed on June 15, 1963 after 1,443 performances. The director was Vincent J. Donehue, and the choreographer was Joe Layton. The original cast included Mary Martin (at age 46) as Maria, Theodore Bikel as Captain Georg von Trapp, Patricia Neway as Mother Abbess, Kurt Kasznar as Max Detweiler, Marion Marlowe as Elsa Schrader, Brian Davies as Rolf and Lauri Peters as Liesl. Sopranos Patricia Brooks and June Card were ensemble members in the original production. The show tied for the Tony Award for Best Musical with Fiorello!. Other awards included Martin for Best Actress in a Musical, Neway for Best Featured Actress, Best Scenic Design (Oliver Smith) and Best Musical Direction (Frederick Dvonch). Bikel and Kasznar were nominated for acting awards, and Donehue was nominated for his direction. The entire children's cast was nominated for Best Featured Actress category as a single nominee, even though two children were boys.
Martha Wright replaced Martin in the role of Maria on Broadway in October 1961, followed by Karen Gantz in July 1962, Jeannie Carson in August 1962[11] and Nancy Dussault in September 1962. Jon Voight, who eventually married co-star Lauri Peters, was a replacement for Rolf. The national tour starred Florence Henderson as Maria and Beatrice Krebs as Mother Abbess. It opened at the Grand Riviera Theater, Detroit, on February 27, 1961 and closed November 23, 1963 at the O'Keefe Centre, Toronto. Henderson was succeeded by Barbara Meister in June 1962. Theodore Bikel was not satisfied playing the role of the Captain, because of the role's limited singing,[citation needed] and Bikel did not like to play the same role over and over again. In his autobiography, he writes: "I promised myself then that if I could afford it, I would never do a run as long as that again."[12] The original Broadway cast album sold three million copies.
The musical premiered in London's West End at the Palace Theatre on May 18, 1961, and ran for 2,385 performances. It was directed by Jerome Whyte and used the original New York choreography, supervised by Joe Layton, and the original sets designed by Oliver Smith. The cast included Jean Bayless as Maria, followed by Sonia Rees, Roger Dann as Captain von Trapp, Constance Shacklock as Mother Abbess, Eunice Gayson as Elsa Schrader, Harold Kasket as Max Detweiler, Barbara Brown as Liesl, Nicholas Bennett as Rolf and Olive Gilbert as Sister Margaretta.[13]
1981 London revival
In 1981, at producer Ross Taylor's urging, Petula Clark agreed to star in a revival of the show at the Apollo Victoria Theatre in London's West End. Michael Jayston played Captain von Trapp, Honor Blackman was the Baroness and June Bronhill the Mother Abbess. Other notable cast members included Helen Anker, John Bennett and Martina Grant.[14] Despite Clark's misgivings that, at age 49, she was too old to play the role convincingly, Clark opened to unanimous rave reviews (and the largest advance sale in the history of British theatre at that time). Maria von Trapp herself, present at the opening night performance, described Clark as "the best" Maria ever. Clark extended her initial six-month contract to thirteen months. Playing to 101 percent of seating capacity, the show set the highest attendance figure for a single week (October 26–31, 1981) of any British musical production in history (as recorded in The Guinness Book of Theatre).[15] This was the first stage production to incorporate the two additional songs ("Something Good" and "I Have Confidence") that Richard Rodgers composed for the film version.[16] The song "My Favorite Things" was placed into the same context as in the film version and the short verse "A Bell is No Bell" was extended into a full-length song for Maria and the Mother Abbess while "The Lonely Goatherd" was set in a new scene at a village fair. The cast recording of this production was the first to be recorded digitally. In 2010 the UK label 'Pet Sounds' officially released the album on CD with two bonus tracks from the original Epic 45rpm single issued to promote the production.
1998 Broadway revival
In 1998, director Susan H. Schulman staged the first Broadway revival of The Sound of Music, with Rebecca Luker as Maria and Michael Siberry as Captain von Trapp. It also featured Patti Cohenour as Mother Abbess, Jan Maxwell as Elsa Schrader, Fred Applegate as Max Detweiler, Dashiell Eaves as Rolf, Patricia Conolly as Frau Schmidt and Laura Benanti, in her Broadway debut, as Luker's understudy. Later, Luker and Siberry were replaced by Richard Chamberlain as the Captain and Benanti as Maria. Lou Taylor Pucci made his Broadway debut as the understudy for Kurt von Trapp. This revival opened on March 12, 1998, at the Martin Beck Theatre, where it ran for 15 months. It then went on tour in North America. This production was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Revival of a Musical.
2006 London revival
An Andrew Lloyd Webber production opened on November 15, 2006, at the London Palladium and ran until February 2009, produced by Live Nation's David Ian and Jeremy Sams. Following failed negotiations with Hollywood star Scarlett Johansson,[17] the role of Maria was cast through a UK talent search reality TV show called How Do You Solve a Problem like Maria? The talent show was produced by (and starred) Andrew Lloyd Webber and featured presenter/comedian Graham Norton and a judging panel of David Ian, John Barrowman and Zoe Tyler.
Connie Fisher was selected by public voting as the winner of the show. In early 2007, Fisher suffered from a heavy cold that prevented her from performing for two weeks. To prevent further disruptions, an alternate Maria, Aoife Mulholland, a fellow contestant on How Do You Solve a Problem like Maria?, played Maria on Monday evenings and Wednesday matinee performances. Simon Shepherd was originally cast as Captain von Trapp, but after two preview performances he was withdrawn from the production, and Alexander Hanson moved into the role in time for the official opening date along with Lesley Garrett as the Mother Abbess. After Garrett left, Margaret Preece took the role. The cast also featured Lauren Ward as the Baroness, Ian Gelder as Max, Sophie Bould as Liesl, and Neil McDermott as Rolf. Other notable replacements have included Simon Burke and Simon MacCorkindale as the Captain and newcomer Amy Lennox as Liesl. Summer Strallen replaced Fisher in February 2008, with Mulholland and later Gemma Baird portraying Maria on Monday evenings and Wednesday matinees.
The revival received enthusiastic reviews, especially for Fisher, Preece, Bould and Garrett. A cast recording of the London Palladium cast was released.[18] The production closed on February 21, 2009, after a run of over two years[19] and was followed by a UK national tour, described below.
Other productions
- 1961 Australian production
- The Australian production opened at Melbourne's Princess Theatre in 1961 and ran for three years. The production was directed by Charles Hickman, with musical numbers staged by Ernest Parham. The cast included June Bronhill as Maria, Peter Graves as Captain von Trapp, Rosina Raisbeck as Mother Abbess, Lola Brooks as Elsa Schrader, Eric Reiman as Max Detweiler, Julie Day as Liesl, and Tony Jenkins as Rolf. A touring company then played for years, with Vanessa Lee (Graves' wife) in the role of Maria. A recording was made in 1961. It was the first time a major overseas production featuring Australian artists was transferred to disc.
- 1966 Puerto Rican Production
- The Puerto Rican Premiere of The Sound of Music, performed in English, opened at the Tapia Theatre in San Juan under the direction of Pablo Cabrera. It started Camille Carrión as María, Raúl Dávila as Captain Von Trapp and it featured a young Johanna Rosaly as Liesl. In 1968, the production was transferred to the Teatro de la Zarzuela in Madrid, Spain, were it was performed in Spanish with Ms. Carrión reprising the role of María, Alfredo Mayo as Captain Von Trapp and Roberto Rey as Uncle Max.
- The 1988 Takarazuka (Japan) version
- In 1988, the Snow Troupe of Takarazuka Revue performed the musical at the Bow Hall (Takarazuka, Hyōgo). Harukaze Hitomi and Gou Mayuka starred.
- 1990 New York City Opera production
- A 1990 New York City Opera production was directed by Oscar Hammerstein II's son, James. It featured Debby Boone as Maria, Laurence Guittard as Captain von Trapp, and Werner Klemperer as Max Detweiler.
- 1993 Stockholm premiere
- In the original Stockholm production, Carola Häggkvist played Maria, Tommy Körberg played Captain Georg von Trapp, Erik Skutnick played Max, and Emilia Brown played Gretl.
- 1999 Australian revival
- An Australian revival played in the Lyric Theatre, Sydney, New South Wales from November 1999 to February 2000. Lisa McCune played Maria; TV personality Bert Newton was Max; John Waters was Captain von Trapp and Eilene Hannan as Mother Abbess. The children's cast included Tim Draxl as Rolf, Chris Nolan as Friedrich, Rachel Marley as Marta and Pia Morley as Liesl. This production was based on the 1998 Broadway revival staging directed by Susan Schulman and choreographed by Michael Lichtefield. The show was produced by the Gordon Frost Organisation and Sports and Entertainment Limited.[20] The production also toured until February 2001, in Melbourne (Princess Theatre, March 21, 2000 through July 5, 2000), Brisbane (9 weeks), and Perth (August 3, 2000, 6 weeks) Adelaide. Rachael Beck took over as Maria for the Perth and Adelaide seasons and Rob Guest took over as Captain von Trapp in Perth.[21][22][23][24]
- 2005 Vienna production
- The first full-scale Austrian production opened on February 26, 2005 at the Volksoper Wien. It was directed and choreographed by Renaud Doucet, with sets and costume design by André Barbe. The 2005 cast included Sandra Pires as Maria, (Martina Dorak and Johanna Arrouas as Maria in other productions), Kurt Schreibmayer and Michael Kraus as Kapitän von Trapp and Heidi Brunner, Gabriele Sima and Ulrike Steinsky as Mutter Oberin (Mother Abbess). The production is still in the repertoire of the Volksoper with 12–20 performances per season.[25][26][27]
- 2007 Salzburg Marionette Theatre production
- The Salzburg Marionette Theatre has been touring their version of the show, featuring the recorded voices of Broadway singers such as Christiane Noll as Maria.[28] The U.S. tour began in Dallas, Texas in November 2007.[29] It opened on May 9 in Salzburg, with performances scheduled through December 2008.[30] The director is Richard Hamburger.[31] In December 2010, the production was given in Paris, France, with dialogues in French and the songs in English.
- 2008 International productions
- A Brazilian production with Kiara Sasso as Maria and Herson Capri as the Captain played Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo the following year.[32] A Dutch version of the musical premiered in September 2008 with Wieneke Remmers as Maria, directed by John Yost.[33]
- 2008 Canadian production
- Andrew Lloyd Webber, David Ian and David Mirvish presented The Sound of Music at the Princess of Wales Theatre in Toronto. The role of Maria was chosen by the public through a television show, How Do You Solve a Problem Like Maria?, which was produced by Andrew Lloyd Webber and David Ian and aired in July and August. Elicia MacKenzie was declared the winner over fellow "Maria" Janna Polzin.[34] Polzin was cast as an "alternate Maria" for the Toronto stage production. She played Maria twice a week (Wednesday evenings and Saturday matinees), while MacKenzie performed the role six times weekly.[35] Captain von Trapp was played by Burke Moses. The show closed on January 10, 2010 after a run of 69 weeks and over 500 performances. It is the longest running revival to play Toronto.[36]
- 2009 UK tour
- A UK tour was launched on July 26, 2009, at the Wales Millennium Centre in Cardiff. The tour has also visited Bradford, Southampton, Milton Keynes, Sunderland, Manchester, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, Belfast, Llandudno, Eastbourne, and Woking, Birmingham, Plymouth, Bournemouth, Liverpool, Bristol, Oxford, Hull, Stoke-On-Trent, Derry, Dublin, Glasgow, Leeds, Nottingham, another return to Cardiff and Newcastle, before ending the run on October 22, 2011, at the New Wimbledon Theatre, Wimbledon. The original cast included Connie Fisher as Maria, Michael Praed as Captain von Trapp, Margaret Preece as the Mother Abbess, Martin Callaghan as Uncle Max, Jacinta Mulcahy as Baroness Schrader, Jeremy Taylor as Rolf and Claire Fishenden as Liesl. Kirsty Malpass stars as the alternate Maria.[37] Margaret Preece left the role of Mother Abbess on February 20, 2010, in Edinburgh and was replaced by Marilyn Hill Smith and Chris Barton took over the role of Rolf from Jeremy Taylor on June 29, 2010. Kirsty Malpass played the role of Maria full-time from August 24 to October 9, 2010, in Plymouth and Bournemouth due to Fisher's wedding plans. Jason Donovan assumed the role of Captain Von Trapp from Michael Praed on January 29, 2011, in Hull. Verity Rushworth replaced Fisher as Maria on February 15, 2011, when the show visited Stoke-on-Trent. Fisher planned to return to the role for the Tour's final engagements in Cardiff, Manchester, Newcastle and Wimbledon but had to pull out due to problems with her voice. Rushworth continued in the role until its closure in October 2011. Lesley Garrett reprised her role as Mother Abbess for the Tour's final engagement in Wimbledon in October 2011.
- 2011 Spanish National Tour
- A Spanish national tour of The Sound of Music (Sonrisas y Lágrimas) was launched on November, 2011 at the Auditorio de Tenerife in Santa Cruz de Tenerife in the Canary Islands. The tour visited 29 Spanish cities, spending one year in Madrid's Gran Vía at the Teatro Coliseum, and one season at the Tívoli Theatre in Barcelona. It was directed by Jaime Azpilicueta and starred Silvia Luchetti as Maria, Carlos J. Benito as Captain Von Trapp, Noemi Mazoy as Mother Abbess, Loreto Valverde as Elsa Schrader, Ángel Padilla as Uncle Max, Paris Martín as Rolf and Yolanda García as Liesl.[38]
- 2011 Argentina
- La Novicia Rebelde was performed in the Ópera-Citi theater in Buenos Aires from March 9, 2011, to August 14, 2011. The cast included Laura Conforte as Maria and Diego Ramos as Captain Von Trapp. It also included Rodolfo Valss as Uncle Max, Coni Marino as Baroness Schrader, Patricia Ana González as the Mother Abbess, Fernando Dente as Rolf, Julieta Nair Calvo as Liesl, Mirta Wons as Frau Schmidt, Mariano Muso as Franz and a cast of 19 who played the Von Trapp Children.[39][40]
- 2013 London production
- A new production played at the Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park from July 25 to September 14, 2013.[41][42] The production starred Charlotte Wakefield as Maria, with Michael Xavier as Captain von Trapp, Helen Hobson as Mother Abbess, Michael Matus as Max Detweiler, Caroline Keiff as Elsa Schraeder, Faye Bookes as Liesl and Joshua Tonks as Rolf Gruber.[41] It received enthusiastic reviews and became the highest-grossing production ever at the theatre.[41] In November 2013, it was reported that the producers had plans to transfer the show to the West End in 2014.[43] On March 10, 2014, the show received a nomination for Best Musical Revival at the Laurence Olivier Awards and Wakefield was nominated for Best Actress in a Musical.[44]
- 2014 South Korean production
- It will be shown at the Universal Arts Center from January 5 to February 2. Singer Sohyang will play one of the three Marias.[45]
- 2014 South African production
- At the Artscape in Cape Town from 29 Feb to 30 March 2014 and Teatro at Montecasino form 5 April to 8 June 2014. Pieter Toerien presents Andrew Lloyd Webber and David Ian's London Palladium Production.
- 2014 Puerto Rican Revival
- The world premiere of the new Spanish language translation of The Sound of Music (the original 1966 Puerto Rican production was performed in English) opened at University Theatre (Teatro de la Universidad) in San Juan on September 26 under the direction of Edgar García. It started Lourdes Robles as Maria, Braulio Castillo as Captain Von Trapp, Margarita Castro-Alberty as Mother Abbess, Julio Enrique Court as Uncle Max, Dagmar as Elsa Schrader, Ulises de Orduna as Rolf and Yeidimar Ramos as Liesl.[46]
- 2015 Thailand production
- The play was performed at Muangthai ratchadalai Theatre from April 2nd, 2015 to April 26th, 2015 (18 performances). This play was named in Thai is "มนต์รักเพลงสวรรค์". This Licensed production was translated from original production to Thai language. (Thai conversation and Thai lyric is the same meaning of original production). The production replaced the song "Ordinary couple" with "Something Good".[47][48][49][50][51]
- 2015 North American Tour
A North American tour, directed by Jack O'Brien, will begin at the Ahmanson Theatre in Los Angeles in September 2015.[52] The tour is scheduled to run till at least July 2016.[53]
Film adaptation
On March 2, 1965, 20th Century Fox released a film adaption of the musical starring Julie Andrews as Maria Rainer and Christopher Plummer as Captain Georg von Trapp. It was produced and directed by Robert Wise with the screenplay adaption written by Ernest Lehman. Two songs were written by Rodgers specifically for the film, "I Have Confidence" and "Something Good".
Televised production
A live televised production of the musical aired on December 5, 2013 on NBC. It was directed by Beth McCarthy-Miller and Rob Ashford.[54] Carrie Underwood starred as Maria Rainer, with Stephen Moyer as Captain von Trapp, Christian Borle as Max, Laura Benanti as Elsa, and Audra McDonald as the Mother Abbess.[55] The broadcast was repeated on December 14, 2013.[56] The production was released on DVD on Dec. 17, 2013.[57]
Most reviews of the original Broadway production were favorable. Richard Watts, Jr. of the New York Post stated that the show had "strangely gentle charm that is wonderfully endearing. The Sound of Music strives for nothing in the way of smash effects, substituting instead a kind of gracious and unpretentious simplicity."[58] The New York World-Telegram and Sun pronounced The Sound of Music "the loveliest musical imaginable. It places Rodgers and Hammerstein back in top form as melodist and lyricist. The Lindsay-Crouse dialogue is vibrant and amusing in a plot that rises to genuine excitement."[58] The New York Journal American's review opined that The Sound of Music is "the most mature product of the team ... it seemed to me to be the full ripening of these two extraordinary talents".[58]
Brooks Atkinson of The New York Times gave a mixed assessment. He praised Mary Martin's performance, saying "she still has the same common touch ... same sharp features, goodwill, and glowing personality that makes music sound intimate and familiar" and stated that "the best of the Sound of Music is Rodgers and Hammerstein in good form". However, he said, the libretto "has the hackneyed look of the musical theatre replaced with Oklahoma! in 1943. It is disappointing to see the American musical stage succumbing to the clichés of operetta."[58] Walter Kerr's review in the New York Herald Tribune was unfavorable: "Before The Sound of Music is halfway through its promising chores it becomes not only too sweet for words but almost too sweet for music", stating that the "evening suffer(s) from little children".[58]
Cast recordings
One of Rodgers and Hammerstein's favorite singers was the 1950s best-selling female vocalist, Patti Page. They approached Page and her manager Jack Rael to see if the duo would be interested in recording the title song, The Sound of Music, feeling that a well-known artist might give the Broadway musical a little "national" attention. Rael and Page agreed and recorded the song for Mercury Records at Fine Sound Studios in New York on November 16, 1959, the same day Sound of Music opened on Broadway. Page's version was recorded a full week before the original Broadway cast entered Columbia Studios to record the cast album. Not only was Page the first person to ever record any song from the beloved musical but even showcased the song in an episode of her self-titled nationally televised variety show sponsored by Oldsmobile, bringing national attention to the Rodgers and Hammerstein masterpiece.
Columbia Masterworks recorded the original Broadway cast album a week after the show's 1959 opening. The album was the label's first deluxe package in a gatefold jacket, priced $1 higher than previous cast albums. It was #1 on Billboard's best-selling albums chart for 16 weeks in 1960.[59] It is currently available on CD from Sony in the Columbia Broadway Masterworks series.[60]
The 1960 London production was recorded by EMI and has been issued on CD on the Broadway Angel Label.[61]
The 1965 film soundtrack was released by RCA Victor and is one of the most successful soundtrack albums in history, having sold over 10 million copies worldwide.[62] Recent CD editions incorporate musical material from the film that would not fit on the original LP. The label has also issued the soundtrack in German, Italian, Spanish and French editions.
RCA Victor also released an album of the 1998 Broadway revival produced by Hallmark Entertainment and featuring the full revival cast, including Rebecca Luker, Michael Siberry, Jan Maxwell and Fred Applegate.[63]
The Telarc label made a studio cast recording of The Sound of Music, with the Cincinnati Pops Orchestra conducted by Erich Kunzel (1987). The lead roles went to opera stars: Frederica von Stade as Maria, Håkan Hagegård as Captain von Trapp, and Eileen Farrell as the Mother Abbess.[16] The recording "includes both the two new songs written for the film version and the three Broadway songs they replace, as well as a previously unrecorded verse of "An Ordinary Couple"".[64]
The 2006 London revival was recorded and has been released on the Decca Broadway label.[65]
There have been numerous studio cast albums and foreign cast albums issued, though many have only received regional distribution. According to the cast album database, there are 62 recordings of the score that have been issued over the years.[66]
The original recording reached number 15 on the Dutch MegaCharts albums chart.[67] A recording for the version at the Vlaamse Opera company peaked at number 23 on the Ultrapop 100 albums chart in Flanders.[68]
The 2013 NBC television production starring Carrie Underwood and Stephen Moyer was released on CD and digital download on December 3, 2013 under the Sony Masterworks label. Also featured on the album are Audra McDonald, Laura Benanti and Christian Borle.
- ^ "Sound of Music: The Forgotten Maria". LIFE.com.
- ^ Nolan, 244
- ^ "The Sound of Music :: Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization :: Show Details". The Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization. Retrieved May 19, 2011. (Show History section)
- ^ Gearin, Joan (Winter 2005). "Movie vs. Reality:The Real Story of the von Trapp Family". Prologue (National Archives and Records Administration) 37 (4). Retrieved April 2, 2008.
- ^ "Welcome to the Official Sound of Music London Web Site". Soundofmusiclondon.com. Retrieved August 29, 2012.
- ^ "Information from the BBC website". Bbc.co.uk. November 16, 1959. Retrieved August 29, 2012.
- ^ Information from Earthlydelights.com[dead link]
- ^ "The Sound of Music Cast Requirements". Rodgers & Hammerstein. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
- ^ "The Sound of Music". Guidetomusicaltheatre.com. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
- ^ Rodgers, Richard; Hammerstein, Oscar (1960). The Sound of Music. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-88188-050-2. Retrieved July 9, 2012.
- ^ August 1962 PLAYBILL from the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre
- ^ Bikel, Theodore. Theo: The Autobiography of Theodore Bikel, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2002, ISBN 0-299-18284-3, p. Z-17
- ^ Green, Stanley. Encyclopedia of the Musical Theatre (1980). Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80113-2, p. 396
- ^ "Cast list at Broadway World". Broadwayworld.com. Retrieved August 21, 2012.
- ^ Maslon, Lawrence and Webber, Andrew Lloyd. The Sound of Music Companion (2007). Simon and Schuster. ISBN 1-4165-4954-4, p. 150
- ^ a b Hischak, p. 259
- ^ Scarlett Johansson – Johansson Snubs Sound Of Music contactmusic.com, July 27, 2006
- ^ Information from Theatre.com[dead link]
- ^ "So "Long, Farewell": London's Sound of Music Closes Feb. 21". Playbill.
- ^ Rose, Colin. "Head for the hills;Stage", The Sun Herald (Sydney, Australia), November 14, 1999, Time Out; p. 15
- ^ CRITICS' CHOICE, The Australian, April 14, 2000, FEATURES; Pg. 11
- ^ Barclay, Alison. "Von Trapps' house is full", Herald Sun (Melbourne, Australia), July 7, 2000, p. 89
- ^ Aldred, Debra. "Lisa can sing for her supper of marshmallows", Courier Mail (Queensland, Australia), August 4, 2000, p. 7
- ^ Archdall, Susan. "Rachael's happy to go her own way", The Advertiser, January 1, 2001 p. 77
- ^ "Website of the Volksoper Wien". Volksoper.at. Retrieved August 29, 2012.
- ^ Official Season Programme of the Volksoper Wien 2005/06, 2006/07, 2007/08
- ^ Lash, Larry L. "The Sound of Music", Variety, March 7, 2005 – March 13, 2005, Legit Reviews; Abroad; Pg. 57
- ^ Genzlinger, Neil."The Hills Are Still Alive, Just Look Past the Strings" The New York Times, December 7, 2007
- ^ Review of Dallas opening, November 3, 2007[dead link]
- ^ 2008 schedule of performances[dead link]
- ^ Official website of the Salzburg Marionette Theatre's production[dead link]
- ^ Official website of the Brazilian Production
- ^ Official website of the 2008 Dutch production[dead link]
- ^ Lipton, Brian Scott." 'The Sound of Music' to Bow in Toronto in September 2008" theatermania.com, September 25, 2007
- ^ "Turns out Janna's a 'Maria' after all". The Star (Toronto). August 14, 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
- ^ BWW News Desk." 'The Sound Of Music' Ends Run At The Princess of Wales Theatre January 10" broadwayworld.com, January 10, 2010
- ^ The Sound of Music UK Tour thesoundofmusictour.com, Retrieved May 18, 2009
- ^ Nuria Frutos. "BWW TV: 'Sonrisas y lágrimas' se prepara para su gira española". BroadwayWorld.com.
- ^ "lanoviciarebelde.com".
- ^ La Novicia Rebelde, Argentina. "La Novicia Rebelde".
- ^ a b c The Sound of Music Extends Run at London's Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park Playbill, Retrieved November 7, 2013
- ^ "To Kill A Mockingbird & Sound of Music lead 2013 Open Air season". whatsonstage.com. 15 August 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
- ^ Bill Kenwright Limited Bringing THE SOUND OF MUSIC, FAME & More to West End in 2014? Broadway World, Retrieved November 7, 2013
- ^ Nominations Announced for 2014 Olivier Awards! CHARLIE AND THE CHOCOLATE FACTORY, ONCE, MORMON, MERRILY, Jude Law, Judi Dench & More broadwayworld, retrieved 10 March 2014
- ^ "2014.1.1 Ticket". Korea JoongAng Daily. 1 January 2014.
- ^ "En cartelera The Sound of Music".
- ^ th:เมืองไทยรัชดาลัย เธียเตอร์
- ^ [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzTZhCFCdek
- ^ http://news.voicetv.co.th/entertainment/164823.html]
- ^ http://www.nationmultimedia.com/life/Thailands-hills-are-alive-30253718.html
- ^ http://www.bangkokpost.com/lifestyle/music/514667/bangkok-is-alive-with-the-sound-of-music
- ^ The Hills Are Alive! Jack O'Brien-Helmed THE SOUND OF MUSIC Will Kick Off National Tour Next Fall broadwayworld, retrieved 1 May 2015
- ^ New National Tour of THE SOUND OF MUSIC, Directed by Jack O'Brien, to Launch This Fall; Initial Dates Announced! broadwayworld, retrieved 1 May 2015
- ^ NBC & Craig Zadan/Neil Meron to Present Live Broadcast of THE SOUND OF MUSIC! Retrieved November 30, 2012
- ^ Bernardin, Marc (December 5, 2013). "The Sound of Music Live!: TV Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ Friedlander, Whitney (December 10, 2013). "NBC to Re-Air 'The Sound of Music Live!'". Variety (Penske Business Media). Retrieved December 14, 2013.
- ^ BWW News Desk (November 23, 2013). "NBC to Release The Sound of Music Live! on DVD, Dec 17". Broadway World (Wisdom Digital Media). Retrieved November 25, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e Suskin, Steven. Opening Night on Broadway: A Critical Quotebook of the Golden Era of the Musical Theatre, pp. 460–64. Schirmer Books, New York, 1990. ISBN 0-02-872625-1
- ^ Bronson, Fred."Chart Beat"Billboard', September 14, 1996
- ^ "The Sound Of Music – Original Broadway Cast", Castalbums.org
- ^ "The Sound Of Music – Original London Cast", Castalbums.org
- ^ Hischak, p. 44
- ^ "The Sound Of Music – Broadway Cast", Castalbums.org
- ^ Dyer, Richard, "Record Review;Cincinnati Pops Orchestra Rodgers And Hammersrein: The Sound of Music Telarc (CD)", The Boston Globe, September 15, 1988, Calendar; p. 12
- ^ "The Sound Of Music – London Cast", Castalbums.org
- ^ "The Sound of Music", CastAlbums.org database
- ^ MUSICAL - THE SOUND OF MUSIC (in Dutch). dutchcharts.nl. Accessed on August 9, 2013.
- ^ Musical - The Sound Of Music [VL] (in Dutch). ultratop.be. Accessed on August 9, 2013.
- Hal, Leonard. The Sound of Music (1999) Fitzhenry & Whiteside ISBN 0-7935-9876-1
- Hischak, Thomas. The Rodgers and Hammerstein Encyclopedia (2007). Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-34140-0
- Hirsch, Julia Antopol. The Sound Of Music—The Making Of America's Favorite Movie (1993) McGraw-Hill Publishing
- Maslon, Laurence, with a foreword by Andrew Lloyd Webber. The Sound of Music Companion (2007) Fireside ISBN 1-4165-4954-4
- Nolan, Frederick. The Sound of Their Music: The Story of Rodgers & Hammerstein, New York: Applause Theatre & Cinema Books. ISBN 1-55783-473-3
- Suskin, Steven. Opening Night on Broadway: A Critical Quotebook of the Golden Era of the Musical Theatre, Schirmer Books (1990) ISBN 0-02-872625-1
- Wilk, Max. The Making of The Sound of Music (2007) Routledge ISBN 0-415-97934-X
Further reading
- Bell, Bethany, "Austria discovers The Sound of Music", BBC, Saturday, March 19, 2005.
- Block, Geoffrey. The Richard Rodgers Reader. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
- Ewen, David. With a Song in His Heart (Richard Rodgers). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1963.
- Fordin, Hugh. Getting To Know Him: The Biography of Oscar Hammerstein II. New York: Random House, 1977; Decapo Press, 1995.
- Gearin, Joan, Movie vs. Reality: The Real Story of the von Trapp Family, Prologue magazine, Winter 2005, Vol. 37, No. 4, published by the National Archives and Records Administration
- Green, Stanley. The Rodgers and Hammerstein Fact Book. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard, 1980.
- Mordden, Ethan. Rodgers & Hammerstein. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1992.
- Papamichael, Stella, The Sound of Music: 40th Anniversary Collector's Edition DVD (1965), BBC, review and history, November 23, 2005
External links
|Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Sound of Music
- The Sound of Music at the Internet Broadway Database
- The Sound of Music at RNH Theatricals
- Synopsis on theatrehistory
- Sound of Music character descriptions and plot summary from StageAgent.com
- The Sound of Music: 50th Anniversary Edition Podcast Series


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[The Zonta Club of Mineral Wells--a Program, 1994]
Description: A program from the January 1994 Zonta International meeting in Mineral Wells honoring the distinguished women graduates of Mineral Wells High School. The mark "/MWSCH (3)" invites interpretation.
Date: January 20, 1994
Item Type: Refine your search to only Poster
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text:
Russell Brand is adamant he was faithful to his ex-wife Katy Perry as he is always "diligently monogamous" when he is in a relationship.
The actor and comedian became known as a serial womanizer before he gave up dating and settled down with Perry in 2010.
However, the couple's marriage didn't last long, and they were divorced last year.
Brand has now spoken out to insist he didn't do anything to compromise his union, and actually enjoys
staying faithful to one woman.
He tells Britain's Esquire magazine, "When I'm in a relationship I'm diligently monogamous and stick to the principles agreed on within that relationship. You've got to, I think. But it's going to be hard if I go into a monogamous relationship.
"I live a life where I have a lot of freedom, so if I meet someone and I go, 'Right let's be monogamous,' that's a [bleep] change.' But I tried it and I loved it. I really think she's a lovely beautiful person (Perry). It's just hard isn't it? She's got a lot of options, I've got a lot of options, so you've got to really, really want it (to make marriage work)…
"Some of it's the fame, but I think getting married is – you've got a whole other person that you've got to make as important as you!"
The star goes on to insist he isn't ruling out walking down the aisle again, adding, "Really, I'd like to be married. I'm just not transmitting that frequency of 'Soulmate! Soulmate!' I'm transmitting the frequency of 'Mmm!'"


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WGBH Openvault
Cats and Dogs
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CATS AND DOGS ARE THE FOCUS OF THIS SERIES EXPLORING THE HUMAN/ANIMAL BOND IN ALL ITS ASPECTS. Series release date: 1985
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- Chicago: "Cats and Dogs," 02/25/1986, WGBH Media Library & Archives, accessed July 24, 2019, http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_A0C2A21EB9894DF98C5096A8B30EC394.
- MLA: "Cats and Dogs." 02/25/1986. WGBH Media Library & Archives. Web. July 24, 2019. <http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_A0C2A21EB9894DF98C5096A8B30EC394>.
- APA: Cats and Dogs. Boston, MA: WGBH Media Library & Archives. Retrieved from http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_A0C2A21EB9894DF98C5096A8B30EC394
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Radical cleric wins deportation appeal
LONDON (AP) — A radical Islamist cleric described by prosecutors as a key al-Qaida operative in Europe cannot be deported from Britain to Jordan to face terrorism charges, judges ruled Monday in the latest twist in a protracted legal saga.
Britain's government has been attempting since 2001 to expel radical preacher Abu Qatada, who has previously been convicted in his absence in Jordan of terrorist offenses related to two alleged bomb plots.
Though the country's Home Office said it intended to appeal against the decision, Judge John Mitting granted the cleric bail and said he would be freed from prison on Tuesday — despite a claim from a government lawyer that he poses a major security theat.
Abu Qatada, a Palestinian-born Jordanian cleric whose real name is Omar Mahmoud Mohammed Othman, was convicted in Jordan over terror plots in 1999 and 2000, and he will face a retrial if deported there from Britain.
Britain's government has insisted it has won assurances from Jordan over how Abu Qatada's case would be handled — including from Jordan's King Abdullah II, who met with Cameron last week, but judges said there was a real risk that evidence obtained through torture would be used against the cleric.
In a ruling, Britain's Special Immigration Appeals Commission, which handles major terrorism and deportation cases, said it was not convinced that Jordan would guarantee Abu Qatada a fair trial.
It endorsed the January ruling of the European Court of Human Rights, which said that "not only is torture widespread in Jordan, so too is the use of torture evidence by its courts."
"The government strongly disagrees with this ruling," Britain's Home Office ministry said. Home Secretary Theresa May was scheduled to address lawmakers on the issue later Monday.
Abu Qatada remains "an enormous risk to national security," government lawyer Robin Tam told Monday's hearing.
Prosecutors in British and Spanish courts have previously described Abu Qatada as a senior al-Qaida figure in Europe who had close ties to the late Osama bin Laden.
British government lawyers have previously accused him of links with Zacarias Moussaoui, the only person charged in the United States over the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, and with shoebomber Richard Reid. Audio recordings of some of the cleric's sermons were found in a flat in Hamburg, Germany, used by some of the Sept. 11 hijackers.
Authorities first attempted to deport Abu Qatada in 2001, and then detained him in 2002 under anti-terrorism laws which at the time allowed suspected terrorists to be jailed without charge. Though he was released in 2005 when the unpopular law was overturned, the cleric was kept under surveillance and arrested again within months to be held in custody pending his deportation to Jordan.
Copyright 2012 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


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Fifteen years after Titanic rode triumphantly through theaters, pulling record-shattering box office grosses and awe-striking acclaim—including 11 Oscar wins—in its wake, it's almost impossible to imagine anyone but Kate Winslet and Leonardo DiCaprio playing Rose and Jack, the star-crossed lovers at the epic romance's center. But before she promised to never to let go, Winslet jockeyed hard to win the role of Rose.
Following Titanic's 3D re-release, a flashy new Blu-ray stuffed with special features is being released, and among the behind-the-scenes vids is one where James Cameron reveals not only how Winslet fought for the part, but also her screen test. It's a curious sight: Winslet with blonde locks in a carefully assembled set and costume performing with another auditioning actor. DiCaprio was not yet in place for Jack, and so below—courtesy of Yahoo—you can see Winslet playing opposite Jeremy Sisto, who at the time was hot off Clueless.
It's fascinating to see the differences between this and the final product. For one, Winslet's accent is less posh here, and far more American. It's also set inside, here. In the finished film, Jack shows Rose his artwork when they're out on the deck. Besides that this seems to be an earlier version of the script with dialogue that didn't make it through the final cut. And lastly, it's interesting to see how Sisto approached Jack. Like DiCaprio he has a boyish charm, but his deep voice makes him seem older, more mature, which perhaps detracted from the tone of young love Cameron had in mind.
While Sisto didn't get this part, he went on to win roles the acclaimed HBO series Six Feet Under and Law & Order, and he currently stars in the ABC sitcom Suburgatory. Winslet will next be seen in Jason Reitman's Labor Day, which should hit in 2013.


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Matthew M. Wirgau is president and managing member of Midwest Financial Service, LLC, a privately held financial services and investment banking firm. He has extensive experience in business valuations, fairness opinions, mergers and acquisitions, leverage buyouts, raising capital and debt, negotiating and structuring transactions, strategic planning and business development.
Mr. Wirgau's experience in private sector firms and governmental agencies provides him a unique set of skills. He has held senior-level management experience with full P&L responsibility, including business development, cost cutting, marketing, new product introduction, operations, sales and account management and strategic planning. Mr. Wirgau has experience in managing large and small organizations in startup, turn around and growth situations.
Since 1995, Mr. Wirgau has been a successful entrepreneur acquiring, managing, growing and selling privately held companies. He had owned and operated a manufacturing company and a financial services firm. Prior to that he was President and CEO of a professional services firm; served as a Senior Vice President of a real estate development firm; and was the Manager of Corporate Planning and Acquisitions of a large private held equity buyout and holding company. Mr. Wirgau served as a Deputy Administrator of the Federal Transit Administration and a Special Assistant to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation for Elizabeth Dole.
Mr. Wirgau is also active in many civic and community act ivies. For example, he is Chairman of the Board of Directors, Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART), the public transit agency in suburban Southeast Michigan. He is a Member of the Board of Directors of the Detroit People Mover, the light rail system in Detroit, MI. From 1994 to 2000 he was a Member of the Executive Committee, Michigan State Chamber of Commerce.
Mr. Wirgau has a Master of Business Administration from The George Washington University, in Washington, D.C. (Graduated with Honors; Beta Gamma Sigma Honor Fraternity.) and a Bachelor of Science in Accountancy from Ferris State University, in Big Rapids, MI. (Graduated with Honors; Awarded Victor F. Spathelf Leadership Award.)