text:
Get our free book (in Spanish or English) on rainwater now - To Catch the Rain.
Gravity fed drip irrigation, semi-automated
- 1 Gravity fed drip irrigation, with the intent of complete, hands free automation.
- 1.1 My personal challenge to you is to improve what I've begun and make it the answer I believe it to be.
- 1.1.1 The intelligent, low budget mix of garden with technology!
- 1.1.2 Intro
- 1.1.3 Our greenhouse
- 1.1.4 Parts List:
- 1.1.5 Description of set up
- 1.1.6 Initial coarse filter Above ground tank + filter The drippers I used My 1st attempt April, shortly after planting 4 Aug. left side Right side on 5 Sept. Improved filter w/air release Year 4 begins
- 1.1.7 Drip adjustment
- 1.1.8 Plants:
- 1.1.9 Big garden
- 1.1.10 Lessons learned
- 1.2 Conclusion
- 1.3 My challenge to you!
- 1.4 Future Plans - here's where I want your help. Please fill in the blanks!
- 1.5 External links
- 1.1 My personal challenge to you is to improve what I've begun and make it the answer I believe it to be.
Gravity fed drip irrigation, with the intent of complete, hands free automation.[edit]
Welcome, you've arrived at the Global Goals clubs challenge WIKI. We ask you to see this as a possible starting point to a new beginning. We hope to prove to the world, that if we use the SDGs as a guideline, a starting point in the search for simple answering to impossible poverty and hunger. If each of you reading this works toward even one small answer, the millions of small steps when combined into big steps, could be enough to change the world. We view Appropedia as a playground for people who love to try new things. We beg you to look around, find something you like and make it better. We know there are better ways to do almost anything, maybe you'll find some of them.
What follows is an example of a simple yet effective way to create an abundance of fresh vegetables in a small space with minimal resources. See it as a sort of "Vorarbeit" for the challenge. We ask you to create a wiki about your project and keep the world informed of your status.
My wiki is free to the world to copy. I used off the shelf products at a normal price, but which could easily be replaced with home made versions, preferably from recycled plastic. This is your challenge, to prove that the world can still be saved, if only we try. Find a way to mix cheap modern technology into the SDGs to answer as many of them as you can.
The project below attempts to answer problems within a multitude of SDGs simultaneously. Please feel free to use your imagination to improve upon it or any of the questions at the end.
My personal challenge to you is to improve what I've begun and make it the answer I believe it to be.[edit]
The intelligent, low budget mix of garden with technology! [edit]
Goal: To prove that by mixing fresh vegetables with science, recycled plastic, computers and computer networking, the poor starving people of the world can be fed at a minor cost, weighed against the benefit to mankind. The garden and ideas demonstrated here are in the public domain, free for anyone, anywhere to use. In exchange I only ask that you find a way to help in reaching the Global Goals and especially Zero Hunger by 2030!
This goes to the global goals!
Welcome to my garden! What began as an experiment, has turned into a working garden which can run alone for several weeks at a time using rain water. The garden presented is small scale, approx. 30 plants, but can easily be expanded simply by adding more branches from the above ground tank and filling it more often. It's main purpose was to eliminate the carrying of water, eliminate guess work and wasted water, while ensuring that the harvest is never at risk due to lack of water. The main benefit was that the automation worked so well that a 2 week vacation could be taken in the middle of the season. Only 3 things limit its effectiveness; drought, pump outage and overly dirty water.
Our greenhouse [edit]
20 Square meters, 4 x 5 Not heated, so does freeze at night if it's cold
I've attended this garden of approximately 30 plants for 3 seasons. The 1st ran without filter and the daily battle with dirt clogging the drippers convinced me that a filter was needed. I created one out of sand and gravel, which made an incredible difference. This year I intend to improve the filter somewhat, otherwise won't make any changes from last year, other than exchanging dirt and changing plant location.
Update: The 2018 season is now behind me and my system does what's expected of it. The problem remains that after approx. 4 weeks the drip becomes unreliable due to buildup. The goal of self-cleaning or self regulating is still a dream waiting to be solved.
Parts List:[edit]
Originally I didn't want to include one, because it was too expensive and depends on what's available locally. Since we have no more water pressure than gravity gives us, it only needs to be water tight. Here's a list of the parts that I used, but hope to find (create) 3D printed and/or alternatives to reduce cost.
- 1 X 4000 liter underground tank (could be any size)
- 1 X pump (can be human/wind/solar or anything else powered)
- 1 X 100 liter above ground tank (again size unimportant)
- Hose - Enough to get the water out of the big tank and into the small one
- 4 X 90° 1/2" tubing connector
- 3 X 90° 1/2" T tubing connector
- 30 X 1/2" > 1/4" reducer T's
- 30 X Drippers
- 1/2" tubing - enougn to reach all Plants
- 1/4" tubing - enough to reach all Plants
- 1 X Sand and Gravel filter made from: (links to follow later)
- 1 X 30 liter tank with screw on top
- Gravel
- Small stones
- Sand
- About a million connectors of all makes and models
Description of set up[edit]
Rain water is collected underground. A pump attached to a timer runs at a specified time each day to fill an above ground tank. The fill level is measured using a standard toilet floater to shut off the pump when the tank is full.
The water in the tank is fed from the bottom, through a sand + gravel filter to remove fine contamination. The filtered water runs through 1/2" tubing and a branch of 1/4" tubing with an adjustable dripper at the end runs to each plant.
Initial coarse filter
Above ground tank + filter
The drippers I used
My 1st attempt
April, shortly after planting
4 Aug. left side
Right side on 5 Sept.
Improved filter w/air release
Year 4 begins
Above ground tank + filter
The drippers I used
My 1st attempt
April, shortly after planting
4 Aug. left side
Right side on 5 Sept.
Improved filter w/air release
Year 4 begins
Drippers running, one slow, so it gets cleaned
The drippers are adjusted to provide approx 100ml of water per hour when the tank is full and will gradually decrease during the day as the tank empties. I estimate that each plant receives 2l water over a 24 hour period. At this time the tank is refilled, bringing the drip speed back to 100ml per hour. With time, dirt and/or algae collect on the dripper, decreasing output and must be cleaned away. I used an old toothbrush and opened the dripper to full open to flush dirt out of the tubing and dripper.
Grass cuttings are spread at the base of each plant as a mulch to keep the moisture in.
Drip adjustment[edit]
To begin the season, a glass was placed under a dripper and left to run for 1 hour and adjusted until 100ml dripped per hour. All plants were set to the same drip rate and allowed to run. During the summer we experimented with more or less water per plant and although we found it difficult to always have the same drop rates, no plant showed too much or too little water symptoms, but no records were kept since it was mainly to ensure that the system would work as expected. In hot, sunny times much more water was released, but without sensors in the earth it's difficult to know what amount is correct. The system was never turned off, meaning it dripped 24 hours per day, but very slowly.
16 Tomato 10 Paprika Various others including Eggplant, Cucumber, Green Beans, salad, herbs and spices.
Big garden[edit]
Multiple basic gardens share the same water source for an economical way to feed entire villages.
Lessons learned[edit]
- year 1 > 2
Without the filter, the drippers required cleaning every 2-3 days, eliminating all time savings.
- year 2 > 3
The filter worked well, but a dry spell left the underground tank empty, so that tap water had to be used. Shortly afterward the drippers began to clog and the top layer of sand was dirty when it was opened. The question is, did the filter stop working because the bottom of the tank was very dirty, or that the living filter was damaged by the tap water. Next question, does the filter live or is there too little oxygen? I hope I can answer those questions in the future.
- year 3 > 4
It's difficult to find a cheap and easy way to seal a filter to take the full pressure of the 80 liter tank. Found a more permanent solution, but water always finds it's way through the seal. This problem remains unsolved!
- year 4
The manual cleaning of drippers must be eliminated. It's the main drawback to this system. After four weeks they begin clogging and cleaning helps, but it's difficult to leave the system alone for more than a few days.
I'd like to solve this by putting a tiny motor on top of a spike at the plant and let the drip fall onto the ends of 2 wires, the computer could read the short circuit as a drop, thus enable real automation by adjusting the pressure on the hose to regulate the drop count.
Conclusion of year 4 - The filter worked perfectly for 4 weeks, but the problem wasn't solved, so my search goes on. I have a new filter idea to try in the coming year. I'll be using the same tank, but as a "swirl filter"! I'll add pictures soon. The filter will again be placed after the above ground tank, my hope is that the slow moving water inside the filter will allow particles to fall to the bottom, while much cleaner water will go out the top. This should improve the ability for my drippers to run for a longer time without clogging! More coming soon!
- Sommer 2017
Success at last, the swirl filter seems to have made a major difference, but the following years will give the true verdict. The sommer had a nice crop with limited work, but due to the weather conditions I can only say that additional years will be needed to compare against. More detail follows!
Due to travel in May the drip system didn't begin until 1 June. May saw hand watering every 2nd day, but the plants were very small with limited roots. On 1 june the drip system was started and no more hand watering was done. The entire month of June the drippers were monitored daily to see if adjustment or cleaning was required, cleaning was not needed, but getting the plants on a similar rhythm took time. May/June saw no rain, so by the end of June the tank was getting low and the water began to smell bad. At this point the drippers were often black and needed to be opened periodically to let the dirt flow through. Before a rain storm the tank was emptied without the tank ever running dry. When the rain came the water was again clean and has been running without adjustment until today, 19 July.
This system runs well with little supervision, but the beginning takes time since too much or too little water can be bad. Automation would allow a hands free garden and is the prefered solution, if it can be done cheaply enough to feed the masses with little attention.
My challenge to you![edit]
This project is simple to recreate inexpensively, do it with as few parts as possible, and as many as possible made with recycled plastic!
- A few examples
- eliminate the 4 corners!
- replace the 30 reducers and drippers with something recycled!,
- change the mechanical dripper which easily clogs with a simple, inexpensive alternative
- how do you collect and store enough water to best get through the dry season in various climates?
- use your imagination!
Most importantly of all! It must be so simple, any child could run it. There must be at least 1000 ways, please help me find them.
You're welcome to take my simple, yet expensive version and put it to shame, by:[edit]
- simply find a solution that works better:
- cheaply mass producible
- automate it, make the dripper clog free
- eliminate or improve the filter
- bring the price per plant to below $1.00
- keep it simple enough that even a child must use it
Where would I begin?[edit]
- An electrified dripper, could be a stepper motor or anything else. How about man made muscle?
- Stepper motors can be taken from outdated CD/DVD drives
- Networking, cables or IoT
- Computer, I'd begin with Rasp Pi, but cost and power must be considered.
- Linux because it's free and open
- Ubuntu Phone - Because it's Linux and needs apps badly.
- Recycled plastic, we must find a way to use what's choking our waterways.
- Produce where jobs are needed most to allow multiple benefits from a single solution.
- If we can give the poor work and a way to feed their families we can stop them from leaving home.
Future Plans - here's where I want your help. Please fill in the blanks![edit]
I've begun a list of the things which may seem impossible, but someone is already doing many of them. Join in and see how it changes the world! We can reach the Global Goals if enough people take part in the search for answers.
I imagine this list as a place for school kids to find project ideas. Within the list there are an unlimited number of things which can be investigated, experimented with and refined. Take my idea a step further, change it to fit your needs, most importantly, document it to help others on the road toward Zero Hunger. Top priority is that you talk about it, let others know you're working toward the goals.
Please feel free to link yourself in here. Tell us about your project, we're searching for the same answers you are.
Some garden options, Pinterest is full of ideas.
- Sustainable agriculture topics
- Maybe help can be found here
- Raised bed
- Vertical gardening
- Again vertical
- In a sack
- Bottle towers
- Square Foot garden
- Hydroponics
Indoor vs. Outdoor gardening
- Advantages / disadvantages
Types of garden
- How do I decide what to grow?
- When to plant
- Diseases
- Where do I get the seeds?
- What works better where?
- Inside
- Tomatoes hate water on their leaves
- Outside
- Inside
- Define what each plant needs for:
- Sun conditions
- Watering requirements
- saturation levels
- depth
- Nutrients needed by various plants
- How to plant
- What works together and what doesn't
Automation, done dirt cheap
- Combine technology with gardening
- Automation
- An example
- And another
- This is getting close
- and closer
- A simple to follow video
- 3d print a step motor and sensor into the stake at the plant
- A simple squeeze of the hose with a part printed into the stake to adjust drip rate
- Make parts exchangeable for easy replacement at a minimum cost
- A simple squeeze of the hose with a part printed into the stake to adjust drip rate
- Allow the Pi to get input from the sensor and control the drip flow
- Gertboard type device as interface
- Networking
- How to find each dripper, sensor combination in the net
- How do we signal and power stepper motors at the plant
- WiFi or hard wire?
- Wireless has the radiation risk / Keep senders to a minimum
- Cloud storage
- Stats available on an app or online
- Interfaces
- How to go from PC to plant and back?
- How do I know what level my tanks have?
- The Gertboard
- Computer control systems
- PC ideas
- Raspberry Pi stepper control
- Step motor info (in German)
- An app
- Remote control
- Database, programs, interfacing
- Remote control through mobile app
- Drip adjustment with step motor or maybe something else?
- Sensor to count drops to PC which controls drip rate
- How to interface to the Pi, to count drops so it can use the number to adjust the drip rate?
- Efficiency and accuracy top priorities
- How to interface to the Pi, to count drops so it can use the number to adjust the drip rate?
- Pump - manual or wind/solar powered
- Computer controlled
- Feedback from tank feeler
- Same time each day
- Computer controlled
- Electricity - Everything, this will be new for me, but with your help. :-)
- Make it cheap, available at night and non polluting
- Wind or solar?
- Electricity storage and conservation.
- We can produce electricity in various ways, does this make an e-pump better?
- How do we get enough for 3d printing
- Make it cheap, available at night and non polluting
- Lighting
- 3D printing
- Drawing parts
- Get drawings into proper format
- Pre-prep of parts for printing
- Files in public domain
- 2d to 3d conversion
- 3D printing of useful things
- Can we print the tubing connections? (T's, reducers, etc) If not how can we make them?
- Do plans for those parts exist in the public domain?
- Some parts I may be able to use.
- What plastic is best, ABS? PLA probably not OK because it's based on sugar (my understanding)
- Other printed parts
- Can we print the tubing connections? (T's, reducers, etc) If not how can we make them?
- RepRap
- Drawing parts
- Water capture and storage
- Garden Barrels
- Filtering for household use
- Efficient ways to capture rain
- Water from the air
- Efficient ways to clean
- Efficient ways to use
- Additional Sensors
- Temp
- Humidity
- Water penetration
- Door/window openers, tank fill measurement and pump start/stop
- Some nice to haves, but not necessary, unless to better control climate.
- Recycle plastic
- How do we stop plastic from getting into the ocean?
- How do we efficiently clean up what's laying everywhere?
- How do we get the most out of our garbage?
- How do you sort what you find?
- How do we get people to recycle?
- Recycle plastic into things we need
- Another source
- This doesn't relate to our project, but is an example of plastic reuse.
- Can we make the hoses and tanks?
- Filament extrusion
- Walipini
- Land selection (climate + latitude + altitude, etc.)
- Choosing the right plan?
- Water
- Chemistry within the garden
- Efficient use of space
- Heating with the sun
- How do you make it easy for anyone to find an answer to a question?
- I've given them a place to meet, but how to reach their hearts?
- Education
- How to reach the young
How to show them our world as it is, no blinders Please feel free to link your genius into this page ;-)
Keep your projects as simple as possible, a child should be able to use it. We'll need to include an intended audience selection, so each garden can be classified for searching. I encourage comments, because I really want my team to help me fix my problems. Tell your friends about my wiki and the GG club. We need all the help we can get!
If you have an idea, but no team to back you up, you can count on me. Let me know and I'll find them. I can yell real loud!
Please don't miss this chance to heal humanity before it's too late for us all!!!


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Here's a funky summer mix featuring Vitalic, South Rakkas Crew, Miss Kittin, some Tiga and much more….
As always listen at your leisure!
A late summer edition of Electrolux featuring Paul Kalkbrenner, Crookers, Popof, The Aston Shuffle, and much much more… As always listen at your leisure!
Be ready to sweat. Chica PlastiKa brings you a volatile mix featuring Diplo, Rye Rye, Bonde do Role, and Buraka Som Systema!
Ah Yesss! This is the Super Tanz Electrolux mix, which celebrates what was played at most 2008 Winter Music Conference soirees. Featured are Simian Mobile Disco's "Sleep Depravation," Digitalism, Surkin, Justice, MSTRKRFT, Boys Noize, and many more!
Electrolux hosted by chica PlastiKa is a monthly music podcast dedicated to Electro, Electroclash, Europop, indie-pop, punk, and funk. Since February is the month of L. O. V. E., Electrolux is broadcasting a Valentine's Day edition called "Be My Valentine" and includes music by Yelle, Peaches, Vitalic, among other artists. Eletrolux is being streamed through podOmatic.com.
My Barbarian is a theater/performance art troupe form Los Angeles. These performers were located in one of the containers within Basel's Art Positions on the beach and were brought by Steve Turner Contemporary. For me, their performance was a mix between a rock opera (a la Jesus Christ Superstar) and the chorus from ancient Greek Tragedy (a la Oedipus Rex). The piece was part of My Barbarian's Hystera-Theater and it is based on a feminist interpretation of Plato's Allegory of "The Cave" by Luce Igaray, where the cave is perceived as a womb. Having said that, the opening of the container was covered with wine red cloth that you (the observer) had to go through, to enter the container, thus entering the womb. Once inside "the womb" a video was projected at the end of the container. The performers—who wore red-wine robes and masks—sat, reclined, or laid-down on the floor on red pillows, while they chanted "You were born poor and poor you will die" and played instruments that went along with the Hystera-Theater video.
My Barbarian's L.A. performance of "You Were Born Poor and Poor You Will Die"
My Barbarians were absolutely refreshing, because they are taking on that ancient Greek Tragedy feel and make it powerful, especially when they add dark rock guitar rifts. The song they chanted was awesome especially, given the current economic climate coupled with the irony that many of the people walking through the art containers were wealthy art collectors. I also thought they were truly dedicated— I saw them on Sunday afternoon, considering they had been performing in a container since Wednesday evening, they were doing great—especially when the temperature in those containers can reach above 80F, and maybe crowds of four or five at a time would walk in to see them perform. The basic gut reaction that I got from their performance was that it was liberating. Their masks, the costumes, the chants, the music, the film, and the real time interaction with the audience, explored all senses and was intense.
Pictures of My Barbarian's Miami Art Basel Performance by Liz Poin

subset: commoncrawl


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New MOJO: The 50 Greatest Pink Floyd Songs, And 2 Covers!
Choose your favourite Floyd. Enjoy features on Patti Smith, The Cure, Paul Simon, Kamasi Washington and Can's Damo Suzuki. Magazine in UK stores from Tuesday, May 22.
THE NEW MOJO magazine, #296, glories in two cover alternatives. Cover 1 features Pink Floyd with Syd Barrett. Cover 2 features the line-up of David Gilmour, Roger Waters, Nick Mason and Rick Wright.
Your local newsagent will stock both versions, so you should be able to choose your preference – that is, while stocks last. The magazine hits UK shops on Tuesday, May 22.
Alternatively, you can purchase online and HAVE YOUR CHOICE SENT STRAIGHT TO YOUR HOME. Again, while stocks last.
Subscribers will receive one cover or the other on a random basis.
Our 20-page 50 Greatest Pink Floyd Songs splurge is a celebration of their works from Walk With Me Sydney to The Endless River and all points between, and features an interview with Nick Mason's Saucerful Of Secrets, the Floyd drummer's unexpected live reincarnation of the Syd Barrett-era band.
"I'm morphing after 50 years at the back of the stage to being band leader," Mason tells MOJO's Mat Snow, "ruling with a rod of iron!"
Enhancing the psychedelic mood is MOJO's covermount CD: Bright Ambassadors Of Morning – a collection of mind-altering music from the past and present, featuring The Flaming Lips, James Holden, Phil Manzanera, Todd Rundgren, Kaitlyn Aurelia Smith and more.
Also in the issue: a heart-on-sleeve interview with Patti Smith on the eve of her UK tour, a rare full-career rundown with Can man Damo Suzuki, an audience with saxophone colossus Kamasi Washington, and new perspectives on Paul Simon's life-changing spells in the UK, 1963-65.
And! The Cure's real meltdown; Neil Young's Santa Monica Flyers reform; behind those new Abba songs; Norma Waterson, Christopher Eccleston, James Williamson, Cecil Taylor, Natalie Prass, Gene Clark and Fela Kuti.


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Monday, 29 October 2018
The social life of books.
Last night, Britt and I hosted the tenth iteration of our But Also Reading Series with Kenning JP García, Amanda Dahill-Moore and GD Harkavy. Afterwards I saw Ell staring at our books in the hall, so we went for the grand tour. I'm a near-compulsive book buyer. It's probably what I spent most of my money on in my adult life. I'm definitely not a collector. I buy books for use. I've been trying to use the public library here more, which is a reminder of one of the reasons why I tend to buy used books. Broadly speaking I like to read theory and poetry. Theory is dense and therefore takes a long time and poetry demands to be re-read. I like to be able to peruse a book whenever the mood strikes. Nothing is more frustrating than the feeling that there is one book, or certain combination of several particular books, whose proximity to each other would illuminate the problem at hand.
I brought out some recent purchases to show Una. The Gray Notebook was set aside after an approving nod to the notion that Pla returned to the same work (same year) for decades. She fell into Ammiel Alcalay's from the warring factions (purchased at the new Unnameable Books in Amherst) and ended up quoting some of it, perhaps to Amanda before the night was through. I offered to loan it to her, but she said she wanted to know what I thought of it first.
My first thought is that it is swathed in contextualizing apparatuses. When I first bought it, I had scanned the introduction by Diane di Prima. Short, radical, gnostic after her fashion. "That if definition of a life: a woman's, an artist's, a warrior's life, is possible—it is not in counting defeat or loss but in realizing what one has managed to hold onto. To pass on" (iii-iv). But also:
The Beloved's face can yet be traced, albeit in ash & broken glass, trobar clus weaves barely audible through the screams of the wound, shouts of the dying and the possible. Hyacinthos pushes to bloom through the mouth of an unnamed corpse, and all true Victory is secret. (iv)
The cover announces that the book is also edited by Fred Dewey, and ends with a nearly fifty page conversation with Benjamin Hollander, and a several page "Addenda" from the editor.
I mention these paratextual attributes because if the author and editor hadn't chosen to include this material, I would have gone into the text as I often do: a suppliant, asking for the text to teach me how to read it. Something about it feels more honest or maybe true to the intimacy of text and reader. But I also love paratext, in a more guilty-pleasure kind of way. One of my favorite aspects of litmags is the bios. When bios are short or absent, I feel cheated!
This is all to say that prompted by last night to take a break from the lengthy Gray Notebook and take a more serious look at Alcalay, I began this morning with the conversation. Alcalay is an interesting figure who I think I first encountered through Hoa Nguyen and Dale Smith when I was much younger, which is another way of saying that he has one foot in my lineage of US experimental poetry. I handled his books and Lost & Found: The CUNY Poetics Document Initiative when I worked at SPD, but hadn't read him yet except an occasional poem, article, or translation in a magazine here or there.
His own coming of age into the alternative currents of US poetry and politics is rather charmed, from a contemporary perspective. It reads like a capsule version of di Prima's Recollections of My Life as a Woman or Delany's The Motion of Light on Water with regard to the cast of characters (e.g. young Ammiel playing badminton with Charles Olson, etc.). Alcalay also makes clear that his other foot is firmly planted outside of the US, initially from the circumstances of his family, who left the former Yugoslavia for Italy and before coming to the US, being a Sephardic Jew and spending some of his youth in Israel, where he worked on coalitional activism between Sephardic and Mizrahi Jews and Palestinians.
He has strong words to say about the hermetically sealed state of US letters, but I appreciate the quick reading of Olson's poetics which Alcalay argues for as politically as well as poetically radical—not because I have any special love (or hate) for Olson per se, but the mobilization of a familiar counter-canonical poet in such a way helps me to imagine what kind of poetry Alcalay aspires to.
To be continued...


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Connections, Relationships, Discernment and Dedication
Eight countries of origin, 63 missionaries, nine species, 300 churches, 1979 and 13,447,000 people…. what do these numbers mean? They represent connections, relationships, discernment and dedication in proclaiming the Good News of Jesus! Outreach's Executive Director Rob Weingartner shares some fascinating facts about mission, witness and The Outreach Foundation. Enjoy!
• On April 29, 2018, the Presbyterian Church of East Africa will dedicate the 300th church it has built in partnership with The Outreach Foundation.
• Outreach staff members were born in Brazil, Canada, Iran, Rwanda, Syria, the United States of America, Venezuela and Zambia.
• The move towards what became The Outreach Foundation began in 1977 when the PCUS Moderator, Dr. Jule Spach, a former missionary to Brazil, called a small group of leaders together to pray and seek the Lord's direction for the Presbyterian Church.
• The Outreach Foundation was established by pastors, elders and mission leaders in the Presbyterian Church in the U.S. in 1979; that makes Outreach "older" than the EPC, ECO and PC(USA).
• The Antioch Partners, a mission-sending agency formed by Outreach and Frontier Fellowship, has 63 missionaries ("partners") under appointment.
• Mission co-worker Dan Turk, who works in partnership with the FJKM and Outreach in Madagascar, has discovered nine species previously thought to be extinct. Two of them have been named after him: an orchid, Schizolaena turkii, in 2002 and earlier this year a tree, Abrahamia turkii.
• Missiologist Todd M. Johnson and his team found that 20 percent of non-Christians in North America do not "personally know" any Christians. That's 13,447,000 people, about the population of metropolitan Los Angeles.
Rob Weingartner
Executive Director


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"It takes a long time"
In the Aldrich household, words are precious. Some are too muddled and warped to understand. They fall, unanswered, on the thick gray carpet. Ten of their words in an enigmatic newspaper ad were enough to draw me down the highway to the small town of Newport. Its welcome sign announces its existence without fanfare, its reverse simply reading: Please come back.
The ad had been equally plain: More yarn: from the lady who can no longer knit. I called, and a male voice answered.
''You're too late,'' Nelson had told me gruffly. ''Already sold all of it, all five hundred pounds.'' But he invited me to their home anyway, telling me that I could talk to the lady herself, bringing my questions about their yarn-filled attic, their past lives as teachers, and the stroke that had paralyzed the right side of Sandra's body.
I find their house, white, with a happy purple roof. He opens the door when I am only halfway up the wheelchair ramp—white, with purple rails.
''We thought we heard someone. Can I interest you in a grilled cheese sandwich?'' They are having lunch together in their living room, at a small wooden table neatly set for two. A Kleenex box, a Santa salt shaker, and a bottle of water on a Red Sox coaster sit between their plates; I spot the pepper—shaped like a red and green present—on the wooden bureau next to her. Sandra is concentrating on her sandwich and doesn't return my hello as I sit. Her right arm is tucked beneath a pilling blanket, the fabric wrapped loosely around her and folded down at her waist. It's printed with squares of flowers, interspersed with idioms that are half-lost in the folds. The top of one says "It takes a long time."
We sit in silence for a few moments, adjusting to each other and the way the room has shifted to accommodate me. Shelves are built into the walls, filled with blue-patterned china and thick-stemmed wine glasses. A child's note hangs from a wooden edge: Dear grandma, Hope u get well soon. Love Ashley. Nelson returns to his half-eaten sandwich. He uses only his left hand, leaving the right in his lap. Hunching over his plate, he eats more messily than she, baloney spilling over the crusts. Her fingers fidget around a bottle cap, endlessly rotating it.
They were both math teachers, and Nelson gives me the numbers first, ticking them off on his fingers. ''We've lived in Newport for, let's see, forty-two-three-four-five, forty-five years.'' He pauses, sipping grape juice out of a plastic cup. ''Seventeen years teaching at Newport School. And I did nine at Sunapee High. She never got out of the seventh grade though.'' This ribbing feels familiar, and she laughs. It's the first sound she has made in my presence. As he speaks, she finishes her sandwich and takes a can of honey roasted salted peanuts from the bureau beside her. The cap isn't screwed on, so she can place it on the table in front of her. Methodically, she shakes peanuts into the lid as Nelson tells me about their son, who lives in Germany. A framed picture of him hangs above the mantle, next to his diploma. He played baseball for Dartmouth: pitcher, number twelve, mustache. Finishing the nuts, she starts on graham crackers while he tells me about their granddaughter. The plastic packaging crinkles, and she hums quietly. He gets up, clearing the table.
''Ask her your questions,'' he tells me. She continues to chew, the final cracker just a macerated pulp. She watches me reproachfully as I try to justify my presence in her living room. ''Well, I saw the ad in the paper... And I wanted to come down and ask you some questions. But it doesn't have to be about knitting, it could be about anything.'' She shrugs, staring at me through wire-rimmed glasses. ''Do you not want to talk? We don't have to talk.'' She looks at her watch, shaking her head at me.
''I-gan too.'' The sounds escape from her between her lips, tripping over themselves as they run from her mouth. Her voice is creaky and strained. ''I can'talk. I can'talyou.'' Nelson comes back.
''What's the question?''
I look around the room, grasping for a subject less intrusive than her wheelchair. My eyes land on a six pointed star in blue glass, suspended by a wire from the window frame.
''Are you guys Jewish?'' I blurt.
''Jewish? What makes you ask that?'' I point to the star. ''Oh, that? I'm pretty sure that's not the Jewish star. Someone gave that to her because she likes things in blue.''
''Dey-dey,'' she says, nodding toward the shelves filled with blue glassware. ''Is blue your favorite color?'' I ask. She looks at Nelson, unsure.
''Red? No-no-no.'' She is already shaking her head, knowing that the hue in her mind got lost on the way to her mouth. Nelson grabs her hand, which has returned to the bottle cap.
''Blue,'' he whispers to her. She shakes her head, despairing.
''I can't say it. You tell'er.''
''Say it.'' His voice is bracing, the same one he must've used with his long-grown students.
''Blue!'' Her voice is louder than she intends, an unruly outburst. He presses down on her hand, smiling. ''See? You can say words,'' he says, reassuring them both. He turns back to me. ''She hears what you say, but I don't.'' He takes out his hearing aid and I watch as he twiddles the wire and replaces the battery. The earpiece crackles as he puts it back in, and he sighs heavily, the responsibility of translation returning with the sound. ''Do you know what aphasia is?'' he asks. ''A-P-H-R... Well, you're the English major, you should be able to spell it. All her words are up there, but she just can't find the network of them.'' I ask if her speech has improved since the stroke. She shakes her head feebly. ''No,'' she whispers.
He looks at her, whispering, back, ''Tiny bit.'' He holds up his hand, leaving a gap between his thumb and pointer finger, a measure of the progress they've made in reawakening her limbs. ''She couldn't say anything. Now, you know, she says some things... Good at swearing.'' They laugh, but his eyes are watering.
''How long ago was the stroke?''
He responds without hesitation: ''December 5, 2012. It's been two years, and so many months. You know, she gets down in the dumps. She's upset that she can't go where she wants to go, do what she wants to do.'' He exhales, pushing air out to fill the space where his wife's words used to be. ''She could be doing a lot better, with her walking, if she had a little drive.'' He drags the last word out, filling it with frustration. '''I don't care,' she says, 'I don't care.' I have to get after her.'' I try to change the subject to something safe, and ask for their names again.
''Nelson. N-E-L, S-O-N. And Sandra.'' Nelson spells clearly and emphatically.
''But! A.'' She pauses, trying to trap her thoughts and force the right words out. ''Torr-ite. A. N-K... I-N... Oh, come on.''
''A-L-D.'' Nelson says loudly, willing the letters to her. ''R-I-C-H.''
''No! One, Two, Three, Four, Five.'' She is holding up fingers to emphasize each word.
''Five what?''
''How you mine?''
''Sandra.'' His voice is firm and almost stern, like a parent warning a child.
''No-no-no. HOW. You don-tay i' right.'' She slows down , using her own teacher voice, begging him to understand. ''Try-N-K-at-Y.''
Nelson turns to the bureau and sifts through some papers. He retrieves a cardboard lid, perhaps the top to a box of children's shoes. She sees the box coming, already resisting.
''NO,'' she says. The lid is filled with Scrabble pieces.
''Aphasia,'' he says, softly. ''Five hundred times. Her name. Hale is her maiden name. Aldrich. Nelson. At least five hundred times, before she could do it correctly. And I don't think she can do it correctly today, because we haven't done it for two or three weeks, but—Can you do it?''
She is babbling, distressed, but she begins to push letters around in the box.
''But, if you were a friend of hers, she'd know when your birthday is. There's things in there that I don't remember, she remembers 'em.'' She looks up at him, close to crying. She is pointing to the letters, arranged in a feeble line spelling sand. He places a patient finger where the next letter belongs.
''Go! T. I-one-E. E.'' She points to the same spot, and stares back at him, a stand-off mediated by aphasia.
''Sandra. You want your name.''
''I don-wanna. I don-wanna.''
''You don't want your name?'' Now he is close to breaking too, tired of playing hangman every day for the past two years.
''Y?'' I guess. She looks at me, grateful for this brief moment of understanding, this second of escape from herself.
''Sandy. People call you Sandy,'' I say. She is nodding, gratified. Nelson is relieved too.
''Some do, yes. I guess her friends... We need to get a Y then, huh? Can you do your middle name too? Hale? How 'bout your last name?''
''No-no-no! I don-wanna.'' But she pushes the pieces around with her pointer finger. Silently, she assembles a testament to their daily fight against the wheelchair, her left lobe, and December 5, 2012.
''You're taking the challenge, huh?'' he asks, encouragingly. She begins to cry, turning her head to the side, the rest of her body unable to follow. He puts his hand on her shoulder. ''It's okay! Look, look! Where's the one that goes there?'' Together they add his name, and then the one they share.
He smiles at her, and she looks to her watch again. It's time for me to go. I thank her, and she immediately shoves back from the table, like a child released for recess. She propels herself ten feet and faces the blank T.V. screen. Nelson and I are left at the table to share a moment of stillness with the last three words she knows.


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Special Reports
The Motive Problem
I can remember back a whole eleven months ago talking with people on various message boards about the disappearance Ray Gricar. People would ask why the former Centre County District Attorney would choose to willingly disappear. After 11/5/11, and the release of the Sandusky grand jury report, nobody was asking. Everyone was giving theories.
One is that he was paid off by someone, possibly related to investigation in
1998.1 I heard from someone that actually had known Mr. Gricar slightly, who asked about the possibility. Well, in looking as much as I can into his finances, and there is no evidence he was. He seemed to less that his annual gross salary in the bank and his lifestyle was far from lavish. There has been no evidence of massive transfers of funds from Penn State, the Second Mile, a group of football boosters, or Mr. Sandusky to a Cayman Islands' account of "R. Gricar." He was not seen in Lewisburg with a big sack that had a dollar sign on the side.
And then the "pedo ring."2 There are theories that Mr. Gricar was gay and somehow involved with Mr. Sandusky. Much of it is based on Mr. Gricar driving a Mini Cooper, or, as I like to call the theory, "Ray-was-gay-'cause-he-drove-a-Mini."3 The theory implies that all gay people are pedophiles.
Well, we can just look at Mr. Sandusky to see that all pedophiles are not gay. Throughout his life he never seems to have involved with an adult male. In fact, when some of these children began to mature, he lost interest. Over the years, I've had a chance to meet some gay people, though work, mutual friends, college and in one case, a relative. They were not interested in young children sexually.
We can also see a pattern where Mr. Sandusky gravitated to positions where he could have contact with prepubescent boys. There has never been any suggestion that Mr. Gricar did.
As for Mr. Gricar being gay, let's look at the record. In the 15 years prior to his disappearance, Mr. Gricar was in two marriages, asked a third woman to marry him, and was living with a fourth woman at the time of his disappearance.4 There are also other women mentioned, though we don't know if Mr. Gricar's relationship with them was Platonic or not. That doesn't exactly scream "RuPaul!" Mr. Gricar was very heterosexual.
While discussing potential motives, one frequent poster on a message, Big Cat, said, "In the case of RFG, the simplest hypothesis possible is he did nothing, he was ashamed, he walked away."5 I might not use the word "ashamed" but something like that is possible. Mr. Gricar could have heard the rumors about Mr. Sandusky from two incidents in the early 2000's, the incident witnessed by the janitor, James Calhoun, and the incident witnessed by Mike McQueary. Mr. Gricar obviously couldn't have prosecuted based on rumors, but he could see that something could come out. He might have even been worried civil liability, or didn't want Sara Ganim or a CNN news crew parked in front of his house asking why he didn't prosecute in 1998.
That could be a broader motive. Mr. Gricar might not have wanted to "the ex-DA," having to field questions about what he did in prior cases, or even what he would do differently from the current DA. Unlike the previous District Attorneys resident in Centre County, Mr. Gricar's tenure was long, and he would be the person the media would go to. He might not have wanted that, to be hounded by the press forever.
Of course, if Mr. Gricar did walk away, the furthest thing from his mind on 4/15/05 might have been Jerry Sandusky. One possible motive might have been seeing that his daughter collected his pension; my understanding is that if a sitting district attorney dies in office, the pension benefits are higher, a lump sum. Had Mr. Gricar retired and then been hit by a bus 2007, she would potential get much less. There might also be tax implications.6
Mr. Gricar might have been worried about his, and his family's, safety. Over the more than three decades he was a prosecutor, Mr. Gricar put a lot of people in jail. Somebody that he put in jail for ten years at 20 in 1996 would be getting out in 2006, at age 30, possibly very angry at Mr. Gricar. Likewise, his family and friends might be very angry at Mr. Gricar. So could a victim, or a victim's family and friends, who that Mr. Gricar acted inappropriately. Any one of these people could show up at Mr. Gricar's front door, with a gun, hoping to "settle the score." Maybe Mr. Gricar wouldn't be home, but his girlfriend and visiting daughter would be. That aggrieved person could only show up at Mr. Gricar's front door, if they knew where his front door was. If the police cannot find Mr. Gricar, a potential murderer cannot. Apparently, a number of people thought this was a possibility as the case unfolded.7
There is also the possibility that Mr. Gricar simply found the idea of vanishing intriguing and decided to do it. His professional life was just about over. His daughter lived 2000 miles away and was an adult, starting on her own life. He'd wanted to travel, and return to Europe. He also had an interest in the case of Mel Wiley, a small town Ohio police chief that vanished and apparently started over.8 Some of Mr. Gricar's closer friends think that is what he's done, perhaps tooling around Europe, visiting historic battlefields.9
Most of these things, except possibly "He-drives-a-Mini-so-he's-gay" scenario, are plausible reasons why Mr. Gricar would choose to walk away, but they all lack evidence, singularly or in combination. The only good evidence would, however, be to find Mr. Gricar, and ask him; even then, we could only rely on what he would tell us.
That is the "motive problem." In theory there could be a lot of reasons why Mr. Gricar could choose to walk away. Even if there was solid evidence of one reason, e.g. he told people that he was worried about his security, or that he talked about wanting to leave everything behind and go to Europe, it would not prove that this is what he actually did. The problem with looking for a motive, or motives, is that, even with solid evidence of a motive, that wouldn't prove Mr. Gricar acted upon that motive.
As I said after the Sandusky trial ended, "Since this was the topic before recent events, can we conclude that RFG might have some plausible reason to voluntarily leave?"10
End Notes
1 http://disappeared2005.blogspot.com/2011/11/hush-money_30.html
2 http://www.centredaily.com/2009/04/06/2396744/income-and-assets.html#storylink=misearch
3 http://www.faniq.com/blog/Does-Ray-Gricars-disappearance-point-to-Penn-State-cover-up-Blog-41990
4 http://www.centredaily.com/2012/05/24/3206908/the-woman.html
5 http://www.websleuths.com/forums/showpost.php?p=8085229&postcount=310
6 http://www.centredaily.com/2011/02/16/2525442/the-cad-factor.html
7 http://www.phillytrib.com/newsarticles/item/2327-cops-no-closer-to-finding-missing-d-a.html
8 http://www.centredaily.com/2009/02/22/2397093/wiley-and-gricar-the-timing.html
9 http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2012/04/ray_gricar_mystery.html
10 http://www.websleuths.com/forums/showpost.php?p=8082842&postcount=287
Centre Daily Times Ray Gricar Section: http://www.centredaily.com/138/
Link to the Main Index for Sporadic Comments on Ray Gricar: http://www.centredaily.com/2011/03/21/2597340/main-index-32011.html
E-mail J. J. in Phila at email@example.com


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Celebrate As You Go (PlantWithPurpose.org)
Ecologically-speaking, to "rewild" is to restore self-maintaining, wild ecosytems. That can include everything from re-vegetation on land and in water to re-introduction of lost species such as the grey wolf or the orangutan into protected, wildernesses. PlantWithPurpose utilizes ecologically restorative techniques to rebuild soil health (the basis of all land-based ecosystem success), strengthen atmospheric moisture flow and underground hydrological systems, and increase biological fertility and productivity. All of these things vastly improve quality of life for all those living on site. Of the many rewards that come from doing this kind of rewilding and ecologically restorative work, in ecologically-distressed economies, perhaps the biggest is the Joy shred via a greater sense of connectedness to eachother and the improving the welfare of all around us. (Chris Searles, editor)
CELEBRATE AS YOU GO (By: Plant With Purpose)
When our land cruiser drove into the Tanzanian village of Moshi-Marungi, I was deeply engrossed in a conversation with another visitor on our Vision Trip, but I had to stop mid-sentence.
"Oh, wow."
Cheers, yodels, and songs immediately engulfed both sides of our vehicle. We turned onto a small pathway shaded by palms. We were bordered by smiling and cheering farmers, mostly women, rushing out to greet us. As we drove further up the path, they fell into a parade-like formation that followed us, erupting in songs that seemed to get louder and louder. The volume of the celebration only increased once we opened our doors to get out.
We came as visitors to a nearby Farmer Field School, initiated by Plant With Purpose's Tanzania partners. They enthusiastically showed us the sustainable farming techniques they had learned. The field school is based on learning-by-doing. "These are nightshade plants we made using our compost soil," pointed out one of the farmers, "and these are [the nightshade] we made with regular soil." Beyond the more vibrant leaves of the compost crops, the plants made with compost were significantly larger. "When we see differences like these, it becomes easier for us to change our practices."
These changes in farming practices seem simple, but they make an incredible difference. One after another, people told me that in places where sustainable practices had been adopted, weather patterns were normalizing. The land was now lusher, and people saw their lives improve.
"The double-dug garden beds produce two-and-a-half times more vegetables," cited another participant. As I recalled how these farmers depended on this growth for their families' survival, that sort of growth struck me as a big deal.
These farmers planned to share with me their farming lessons, but I didn't realize they would also teach me the meaning of celebration.
I considered my joy-filled encounter with the Farmer Field School in Moshi-Marungi a once-in-a-lifetime sort of experience. Then it happened again. We were greeted with the enthusiastic cheers, celebrations, shouts, and songs the next day when we drove into the village of Rombo. It happened a third and fourth time that week when we visited a group of Farmer Field schools, then a savings group in Siha. Of course, it never got old.
That's when it struck me that karibuwas not just a Swahili word for welcome. It's one of the first words a visitor will pick up in East Africa, but beyond its literal translation, it's a spirit embodied in the lives and practices of these communities. In action, karibu didn't just mean welcome, it meant we are thrilled like crazy that you're here and we can't wait to show you what's going on!
I think of all the people in our world for whom a little acknowledgement and a little invitation would go a long way. Being invited into something, especially something transformational, is the deepest form of affirmation.
Jesus constantly uses images and stories of feasts and celebrations to show us what it looks like to be in God's presence. There's a great wedding reception meant to represent this in Matthew 22, and in Luke 15 when a prodigal repents, the father celebrates with music and dancing.
On earth, any glimpse we get of genuine joy is a taste of God's kingdom. Any time we experience a moment of delight over something God has done or made, we get a taste of the kingdom as well.
From her farm in Rombo, Christina excitedly told us about how she could marvel at God's creativity in the compost practices she was learning. "In the soil, there are organisms that live there," she excitedly pointed out. "Worms and everything. So if we use compost, everything is going on as God planned."
It was impossible to listen to her speak without getting excited myself. True joy and celebration is contagious, and that is a good thing. Every village needs more joy, whether that's a rural village on African mountainsides or my coastal San Diego neighborhood.
Back at the lodge, I got to hear the owner, Bobby, express his happiness that things around him were changing for the better. He pointed out a blue-headed bird. "When I was a kid, you used to see those a lot. Then they went away when trees were taken down. But now they're coming back. And the winter mornings are chilly again. Things are changing for the better."
Tanzania is a great place to learn about living a life of joy, where you celebrate as you go. Work can be difficult, life can be hard; there is still lots of room to celebrate together every day!


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- Options
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Item # RSX007VPast Season ColorsItem # RSX007V
With the industry is constantly evolving, RockShox builds upon what made the original Pike RCT3 27.5 Charger Debonair 120 Boost Fork successful, while still updating it to keep one foot firmly planted in the future. The sleek and stealth aesthetics found on past models of this fork remain in place to keep your kit iconic, while the lower legs have been cut-out to reduce weight by approximately 20 grams without losing that legendary stiffness you've come to love from Pike forks. Since it's available in Boost spacing only, you'll not only reap the benefits of increased front wheel stiffness, but also find this fork works with the high volume tires up to 2.8-inches wide. Along that same line, the brake mounts now only accommodate rotors in the range of 180 to 200 millimeters, seeing as how aggressive trail bikes use larger rotors for increased stopping power.
The innovative Charger 2 damper unit retains the Open, Pedal, and Firm settings of the previous model, but with a wider range of low-speed compression adjust in Open mode, as well as re-tuned damping in Pedal mode for better support on long climbs and smooth-buffed trails. Firm mode allows for compatibility with RockShox OneLoc remotes, which is helpful if you're a competitive racer using RockShox rear shocks, as you can lock out the front and rear simultaneously to gain efficiency while sprinting for the finish. Plus, the new Charger 2 damper gets a bleed port for easier servicing at home. Part of its name, RockShox's DebonAir spring increases the negative air spring volume from the SoloAir, thereby improving small-bump sensitivity without sacrificing its support across technical sections and bigger hits. This makes it all the more sensitive when you're pedaling across root-and rock-infested sections of trail, giving you greater traction over bumps without feeling like it's overly harsh.
- Aggressive trail fork revamped with higher sensitivity
- Stiff 35mm stanchions with cut-out lowers for weight savings
- DebonAir spring increases sensitivity without sacrificing support
- Charger 2 damper offers greater range of adjustment in Open mode
- Pedal mode re-tuned for improved feel while climbing and pedaling
- Firm mode is OneLoc remote compatible with RockShox rear shocks
- Comes with 15 x 110mm Maxle Ultimate quick-release axle
View more 27.5-inch Suspension Forks
Reviews & Community
What's the difference between the fork above and this one:
Also, are they both 2018 models?
Great Fork for the Money!
I was a little leary to get the coil spring version but this fork is great plus you don't have to worry about the air pressure.
You can get a discount of 5$,click here:coupon-code.info


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Decorating Stairs
Decorating Stairs have 10 attachments , they are Decorating Stairs #1 10 Cool Ways To Decorate With Brackets, Country Living Magazine, 10 Staircase Landings Featuring Creative Use Of Space, Marvelous Decorating Stairs #4 10 Staircase Landings Featuring Creative Use Of Space, Best 25+ Stairway Wall Decorating Ideas On Pinterest | Stair Wall Decor, Stairwell Decorating And Gallery Wall Staircase, Decorating Stairs #6 Staircase Decorating Ideas Stair Designs, Need-ideas-to-decorate-staircase-space-5, Need-ideas-to-decorate-staircase-space-5, HGTV.com, Decorating Stairs Good Ideas #10 HGTV.com. Following are the attachments:
Decorating Stairs was uploaded at January 9, 2019 at 1:25 am. This image is published under the Decor category. Decorating Stairs is tagged with Decorating Stairs, Decorating, Stairs..
Decoratingdec•o•rate (dek′ə rāt′),USA pronunciation v.t., -rat•ed, -rat•ing.
- to furnish or adorn with something ornamental or becoming;
embellish: to decorate walls with murals.
- to plan and execute the design, furnishings, and ornamentation of the interior of (a house, office, apartment, etc.), esp. by selecting colors, fabrics, and style of furniture, by making minor structural changes, etc.: Their house is decorated in French Provincial style.
- to confer distinction upon by a badge, a medal of honor, etc.: to decorate a soldier for valor.
Stairsstair (stâr),USA pronunciation n.
stair′less, adj.
- one of a flight or series of steps for going from one level to another, as in a building.
- stairs, such steps collectively, esp. as forming a flight or a series of flights: I was so excited I ran all the way up the stairs.
- a series or flight of steps;
stairway: a winding stair.
stair′like′, adj.
As well as updating the rack, utilize some elements present in older homes, for example, the choice of stylish lounge blankets, wallhangings style pop art, or possibly a vase of decorative containers. Pick that have variations of clear outlines, structure and bolder colors. Merge both of these models in one spot. Eg change of furniture that is vintage with furniture that's more contemporary.
It and various old table seats more minimalist could additionally combine. Things for example platforms garden / rooftop, large potted crops may also complement the beauty of the inner of the old-house that is house.The isn't such as a residence today. The team of room sometimes appears weird. As the bedroom is quite slim eg so huge livingroom.
Thus will be the kitchen which is lengthy. Effectively, you'll be able to work-around this by changing features or adding a Decorating Stairs in a space that's too broad. For example most as well as place of the home, while 50% of the living room used being a garage


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Galaxy Note 9 vs. iPhone X: Battle of the $1000 flagships
Samsung's just announced the latest version of its biggest, most expensive phone in the Galaxy Note 9, and if you thought this new kid on the block would just step in and be king of the high-end smartphone community without proving itself, you were WRONG. It just so happens we know another $1000+ phone that might have something to say about it: the iPhone X. Easy now, iPhone..easy. You'll get your turn. While we sort things out between the two of them, we figured we'd give you an in-depth first look at this match up.
Design and Display
Generally speaking, Samsung takes a squarer approach to the design of the Note 9 – even with the slightly more chamfered edges – mostly to fit the square shape of this extra-large display with as little bezels as possible. Both devices feel good in the hand due to their rounded sides, but naturally, the iPhone X, with its smaller size and perfectly rounded sides, as opposed to chamfered edges, has a more manageable and natural feeling in one-handed use. Both are substantial devices in terms of weight, weighing in at 6.14 ounces on the iPhone X and about 7 ounces on the Galaxy Note 9.
User Interface and Performance
Coming with a writing utensil that doubles as a remote control for your device is an evolution Apple has yet to match, even with the iPad line up. Obviously, you won't find such an accessory with the iPhone X. Pair this with Samsung DeX, the Note 9's ability to project a desktop experience to a secondary screen via an HDMI cable, and it's clear that extensibility and built-in accessory power is a strength for which the iPhone X has no counter.
play around either, though. For its dual-camera setup, the iPhone X pairs 12 MP sensors as well – one regular lens and one telephoto for 2-times zoom.
In the end, these are two tough phones to be stuck between, but we think the choices are pretty clear. The Galaxy Note is, by nature, a more versatile device, and Samsung has only expanded the Note's versatility in the Note 9. The S-Pen has always been a separating factor, offering quick and useful note-taking features, and now graduating to a full-on, remote-control peripheral with the addition of Bluetooth connectivity – something for which the iPhone X has no answer. DeX, although not for everybody, is yet another example of this – extensibility and fun, and, to some, usefulness for which the iPhone, yet again, has no answer.
Still, the iPhone X, and most Apple devices, still enjoy broader native support in the technological wild. In other words, outside of its own proprietary ecosystem (Apple TV, MacBooks, etc.) the iPhone X still amasses more natively compatible devices, both small and large. This, however, doesn't mean that any third- or first-party devices fill the feature gaps the Note 9 creates between itself and the iPhone X with features like the S-Pen and Samsung DeX.
Day-to-day performance would be the next measure, which preliminarily seems pretty close. This, coupled with real-world battery life results, and definitive camera comparisons may be the deciding factor for some, but if you want the best phablet experience around, the Note 9 might just take the crown.


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The Wayne State University Press Editorial Board is comprised of Wayne State University faculty members from a variety of disciplines appointed by the President or Provost of the University. Board members review the reviews and reports on and samples of each project submitted for publication consideration. The Board must give final approval by majority vote to every project published and to every special imprint established by the Press.
Editorial Board Members 2018/19
Lisa Alexander
African American Studies
Jonathan Anderson
Melba J. Boyd
African American Studies
Stephen Chrisomalis
Victor Figueroa
Classical & Modern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures
Donald P. Haase
Classical & Modern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures (emeritus)
Jennifer Hart
Jerry Herron
Honors College/English Department
Howard Lupovitch
History/Cohn-Haddow Center
Lisa Maruca
Karen McDevitt
Elena Past
Classical & Modern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures
Aaron Retish
Michael H. Scrivener
David H. Weinberg
History (emeritus)
Jonathan Weinberg
Law School
Sandra Yee
University Libraries (retired)


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My Eye – A moment's pause
Senior Account Executive Jack Gibson gives his thoughts, as the General Election campaign resumes. After being paused for two days in the wake of the horrific attack in Manchester...Read More
My Eye – A depressing thought…
With Northern Ireland making the news during the UK General Election campaign, Senior Account Executive Jack Gibson gives his (somewhat downbeat!) thoughts on what this means for Northern Ireland....Read More
My Eye – The DUP's Approach to the Westminster Parties
An interesting aspect of any Westminster election from a Northern Ireland perspective is the relationship between the UK parties and the DUP. It's an important relationship for the simple...Read More
My Eye – King of the Castle in South Antrim
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Ph.D., Experimental Psychology, University of Louisville, 1997
M.A., Experimental Psychology, University of Louisville, 1997
B.A., Psychology and Philosophy, William Jewell College, 1991
Dr. Rowatt joined the Baylor faculty in 1997. He completed his Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology (social-personality specialization) and his B.A. in psychology and philosophy. Dr. Rowatt teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in social psychology, personality, and psychology of religion. He enjoys running and basketball.
Dr. Rowatt uses an apprenticeship model to teach undergraduates and graduate students about psychological science (especially social-personality psychology). Along with his student collaborators*, Dr. Rowatt studies personality traits like humility, the relationship between dimensions of religiousness and prejudice, and deception.
Recipient of the 2017 IAPR Godin Prize for the Scientific Study of Religion.
2017 Distinguished Service Award; American Psychological Association (Div. 36):
2014 Virginia Sexton Mentoring Award; American Psychological Association (Div. 36):
Krumrei-Mancuso, E. J., Haggard, M. C., LaBouff, J. P., & Rowatt, W. C. (2019). Links between intellectual humility and acquiring knowledge. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1-16.
Rowatt, W. C. (in press). Associations between religiosity, political ideology, and attitudes toward immigrants: A mediation path-analytic approach. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
*Haggard, M., Rowatt, W. C., *Leman, J. C., Meagher, B., *Moore, C., Fergus, T., ... & Howard-Snyder, D. (2018). Finding middle ground between intellectual arrogance and intellectual servility: Development and assessment of the limitations-owning intellectual humility scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 124, 184-193.
*Hoyland, M. A., Rowatt, W. C., & Latendresse, S. J. (2017). Prior delinquency and depression differentially predict conditional associations between discrete patterns of adolescent religiosity and adult alcohol use patterns. Substance abuse: research and treatment, 10, 1178221816686060.
Meagher, B. R., Leman, J. C., Bias, J. P., Latendresse, S. J., Rowatt, W. C. (2015). Contrasting self-report and consensus ratings of intellectual humility and arrogance. Journal of Research in Personality, 58, 35-45.
Rowatt, W. C., Kang, L., Haggard, M. C., LaBouff, J. P. (2014). A social-personality psychological perspective on humility, religiousness, and spirituality. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 42, 31-40.
Fergus, T. A. & Rowatt, W. C. (2014). Personal uncertainty strengthens associations between scrupulosity and both moral appraisals of intrusive thoughts and beliefs God is upset with sins. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33, 51-74.
Rowatt, W. C., *Johnson, M. K., *LaBouff, J. P., & *Gonzalez, A. (2013). Religious fundamentalism and right-wing authoritarianism, and prejudice: Insights from meta-analyses, implicit social cognition, and social neuroscience. In R. Paloutzian & C. Park (Eds.). Handbook of Psychology of Religion and Spirituality (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
Johnson, M. K., Rowatt, W. C., & LaBouff, J. P. (2012). Religion and prejudice revisited: In-group favoritism, out-group derogation, or both? Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 4, 154-168.
Johnson, M.K., Rowatt, W. C., LaBouff, J., Patock-Peckham, J., & Carlisle, R.D. (2012). Facets of right-wing authoritarianism mediate the relationship between religious fundamentalism and attitudes toward Arabs and African-Americans. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 51, 128-142.
LaBouff, J. P., Rowatt, W. C., Johnson, M. K., Tsang, J., & McCullough*, G. (2012). Humble people are more helpful than less humble persons: Evidence from three studies. Journal of Positive Psychology, 7, 16-29.
LaBouff, J. P., Rowatt, W. C., Johnson, M. K., & Finkle*, C. (2011). Differences in attitudes towards out-groups in religious and non-religious contexts in a multi-national sample: A situational context priming study. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 22, 1-9.
*Johnson, M. K., Rowatt, W. C., Petrini, L. (2011). A new trait on the market: Honesty-humility as a unique predictor of job performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 857-862.
*Johnson, M. K., Rowatt, W. C., Bernard-Brak, L. M., Patock-Peckham, J. A.,*LaBouff, J. P., *Carlisle, R. D.(2011). A meditational analysis of the role of right-wing authoritarianism and religious fundamentalism in the religiosity-prejudice link. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 851-856.
Owens, B. P., Rowatt, W. C., & Wilkins, A. L. (2011). Exploring the relevance and implications of humility in organizations. In K. Cameron and G. Spreitzer (Eds.) The Handbook of Positive Organizational Scholarship. Oxford University Press.
*Johnson, M. K., Rowatt, W. C., & *LaBouff, J. P. (2010). Priming Christian religious concepts increases racial prejudice. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1, 119-126.
*LaBouff, J. P., Rowatt, W. C. et al. (2010). Development and initial validation of an implicit measure of religiousness-spirituality. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 49, 439-455.Rowatt, W. C., *LaBouff, J. P., *Johnson, M., Froese, P., & Tsang, J. (2009). Associations among religiousness, social attitudes, and prejudice in a national sample of American adults. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 1, 14-24.
Rowatt, W. C., *Powers, C., *Targhetta, V., *Comer, J., *Kennedy, S., & *LaBouff, J. (2006). Development and initial validation of an implicit measure of humility relative to arrogance. Journal of Positive Psychology, 1, 198-211.
Rowatt, W. C., *Franklin, L., & *Cotton, M. (2005). Patterns and personality correlates of implicit and explicit attitudes toward Christians and Muslims. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 44, 29-43.
Rowatt, W. C., & *Franklin, L. (2004). Christian orthodoxy, religious fundamentalism, and right-wing authoritarianism as predictors of implicit racial prejudice. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 14, 125-138.
Rowatt, W. C., & Schmitt, D. (2003). Associations between religious orientation and varieties of sexual experience. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 42, 455-465.
Rowatt, W. C., & Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2002). Two dimensions of attachment to God and their relation to affect, personality, and religiosity constructs. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41, 637-651.
Rowatt, W. C., *DeLue, S., *Strickhouser, L., & *Gonzalez, T. (2001). The limited role of self-monitoring on romantic partner preferences. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 943-954.
Rowatt, W. C., Cunningham, M. R., & Druen, P.B. (1999). Lying to get a date: The effect of facial physical attractiveness on willing to deceive prospective dating partners. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 16, 211-225.
Rowatt, W. C., Cunningham, M. R., & Druen, P. B. (1998). Deception to get a date. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1228-1242.
Linda Kang
Jordan LaBouff (Assistant Professor, University of Maine)
Megan Johnson Shen (Current: Assistant Professor of Psychology in Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College; previously post-doc, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)
Megan Haggard, (Assistant Professor of Psychology, Francis Marion University)
Craig Bryan
Amanda Parsons
Ruth Nam Bueschel
Angela Beard
Will Hunter
Joseph Leman
Hilary Dunn
Halle Ross


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What are the statutes of limitations for the False Claims Act?
The False Claims Act has at least three statutes of limitations. Generally, to file a matter of fraud against the government there is a six-year statute of limitation. It is difficult to file a case involving fraud against the government if all the facts known to the plaintiff occurred more than six years ago. On the other hand, the government has three years to act after the time it knew or should have known about such fraud, and cannot act after 10 years in total to intervene or formally take over a case.
How Does This Work?
As one might imagine this can get complicated. The current case involving the government's suit against Lance Armstrong is being litigated on just this point of law. Did the government act within the statute of limitations? Should it have known sooner that Mr. Armstrong was lying about his use of drugs and filed its case sooner as a result? Should the government have known this despite Mr. Armstrong's repeated assurance that he was not using performance enhancing drugs? We will see what the court decides, but again, the point is that waiting a long period of time can make a case more difficult to pursue, even when the government supports it.
Lastly, there is a separate statute of limitations to bring claims under the anti-retaliation provisions of the False Claims Act. For an individual who wants to sue as a result of being the subject of such retaliation, the statute of limitations is three years.
Of course, it is best to at least on any matter involving fraud against the government as soon as possible.


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The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Arc de Triomphe (Paris, France)
DID YOU KNOW? On Sunday, November 11th, leaders, military personnel, and members of the public across the world solemnly marked the centennial of the armistice of World War I with ceremonies to remember those who lost their lives between 1914 and 1918. On this day, commonly known as Armistice Day in the United States and Remembrance Day in the U.K, an armistice was signed that signified a cessation of hostilities and a long-awaited end to the "war to end all wars." The 100-year anniversary of this armistice was commemorated by world leaders in Paris on Sunday Morning at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, which lies at the foot of the Arc de Triomphe. French President Emmanuel Macron led the ceremonies, as German Chancellor Angela Merkel, U.S. President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump, Russian President Vladimir Putin, and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau stood in attendance. Another remembrance took place in England, as the royal family and senior politicians led the country in a moment of silence at 11 a.m. to commemorate the end of the war and those who gave their lives. An article from the National Council of Nonprofits reporting on the armistice centennial highlights a few nonprofits that mobilized during the war to provide much needed services and relieve suffering. Among the organizations that made the most impact are the American Red Cross, the YMCA, the Jewish Welfare Board, and The Salvation Army. According to the article, by the end of the war, almost one-third of the entire U.S. population had either donated their time or money to the Red Cross. For more information on the international Armistice Day memorials that took place this week, click here.
1. New Report Shows Rapid Growth in Donor-Advised Funds
The twelfth annual report released by the National Philanthropic Trust this week shows a significant increase in assets held in donor-advised funds (DAFs). According to the report, the growth of these assets stood at 27.3 percent and their total worth surpassed the $100-billion mark for the first time, reaching an impressive $110 billion by the end of 2017. While remarkable, this growth was not entirely surprising. Many anticipated this rapid rise in DAF contributions after studying donor reactions to the new tax bill. Donors trying to take advantage of the tax deduction have likely increased their contributions to these funds, hoping to meet the higher giving threshold for deductibles under the new law. More surprising, however, was that the average size of DAFs actually decreased by about 20 percent during the same period. According to Nonprofit Quarterly, this trend seems to suggest that donors had been "bundling," or taking money originally allocated for future giving and redirecting it to already existing funds to increase their size, in order to receive an even greater tax deduction under the new law. Still, the report found that the total money donated to charity rose from $15.9 billion in 2016 to $19.1 the following year. So, while bundling might have meant more frontloading of funds, charitable donations to these funds continues to rise. Eileen Heisman, the President of the National Philanthropic Trust, predicts grants from DAFs will exceed $20 billion by the end of 2018. For more information on the latest trends in DAFs, check out the link above.
2. Brave Nonprofits Give New Life to Historic Building in the Fillmore, SF
Two determined nonprofits in San Francisco have reclaimed and reopened the Fillmore Heritage Center, a large space in the city's historic Fillmore District. The center has served several functions over the decades, including two bouts as a jazz club, but has been vacant for the last three years. According to an article in Nonprofit Quarterly, the New Community Leadership Foundation (NCLF) and the San Francisco Housing Development Corp. are hoping to revive the once booming center and provide "live music, community events, and housing and financial empowerment workshops" to the population of the Fillmore. By reactivating this site, these nonprofits hope to give a much needed boost to the neighborhood's struggling economy and provide a foundation from which it can rebuild African-American-owned businesses who have suffered at the hands of recent large scale redevelopment projects. Residents in the Fillmore, a predominantly African American neighborhood, have experienced widespread displacement in the past few years as the city's housing industry continues to boom and cost of living skyrockets. The NCLF and the Housing Development Corp. are hoping to reverse this cycle. Thus, while the newly revived center will surely be a place of art, entertainment, and culture, it will also seek to address the community's economic needs. David Sobel, the Executive Director of the San Francisco Housing Development Corp., claims that the site is planning to hold workshops on everything from "renting, credit repair, rental readiness, and first-time home-buying." So, if your nonprofit is looking for new real estate, try tapping into your community's history. Who knows? There might be a Fillmore Heritage Center in your neighborhood waiting to take on its next life. To learn more about the Fillmore Heritage Center and why San Francisco District Five Supervisor Vallie Brown says she is optimistic that its reactivation will provide an "economic and cultural anchor" for the neighborhood, visit the link to the article above.
3. Crowdfunding, Done Responsibly
Crowdfunding, or "broad, public, online fundraising campaigns," is becoming an increasingly popular mode of fundraising. Crowdfunding campaigns have become so widely used and well-liked, both among nonprofits and donors, in large part because of their convenience. In such campaigns, nonprofits and individuals spread their messages to wide audiences through various forms of social media and personal outreach in the hopes of gaining modest contributions from many donors. These donors are then encouraged to spread the message along to those in their circles, creating a cycle of giving typically comprised of small but numerous donations. Yet as this fundraising mechanism continues to spread, concerns have arisen regarding its susceptibility to fraud, lack of ability to collect adequate donor data, and insufficient legislation regulating its use, among other issues. Donors also expressed concerns about uncertainty surrounding tax deductibility and what crowdfunding will mean for existing donor-advised funds (DAFs). In response to such concerns, CalNonprofits recently published its "Principles for Responsible Crowdfunding" to help guide nonprofits in conducting ethical crowdfunding efforts and to call on legislators to more clearly define what is legally permitted in these campaigns. Among such principles are those specifically concerning practices of online crowdfunding platforms, such as making apparent one's tax-deductible status on the initial donation page, transferring the funds raised to the nonprofit within thirty days, and disclosing all fees before the point of the actual donation. As more policy attention is being directed towards this type of fundraising at both the state and federal level, nonprofits must keep up with current legislation pertaining to crowdfunding in order to carry out responsible, ethical, and successful future campaigns. To find out more about evolving crowdfunding practices and how CalNonprofits suggests your organization can stay ethical and consistent despite the paucity of on-point legislation, click the link above.
4. Learning a Living: Avoiding Complacency and Developing Your Team's Skills
Today's dynamic workplace requires more and more that employers not only utilize their workers strengths, but also develop and modify them through training and educational programs to keep up with current trends. In a recent article, members of the Forbes Nonprofit Council outline nine ways to promote education among your employees and ensure that your team's skills evolve as your brand does. One such way, according to Tom Van Winkle of the Hinsdale Humane Society, is by hosting in-house training sessions rather than sending staff to conferences in order to ensure the quality of the training and avoid travel costs. If your organization does not have the resources or space to offer such a training, try partnering with local organizations and businesses to host a joint session. Another member tells of her success in offering tuition reimbursements to her staff members as incentive to take courses that benefit the organization's development. These courses, according to Kimberly Lewis, CEO of Goodwill Industries of East Texas, could range from GED classes, to basic computer/software development, to more casual online classes and webinars. Yet another tip, likely more financially feasible for more organizations, involves researching and joining a regional center for nonprofit management, found throughout the country, and attending its occasional workshops and hearing guest speakers with your staff. Kristine Sloan of StartingBloc encourages nonprofit staff members to share any professional development resources they found helpful on internal communication platforms like Slack to share new opportunities and help promote and normalize a culture of learning. Other suggestions include focusing on problem-solving skills, being candid when discussing strengths and weaknesses, and setting not only operational goals for each of your employees but also line items for professional development. For more tips on keeping your employees' skill sets up to date, check out the link above.
5. Implicit Sexism in the Nonprofit World: A Donor's Perspective
In an article in the Chronicle of Philanthropy, Isa Catto, a long-time charitable funder and leader of a family foundation, gives personal insight on the sexism and implicit bias that she has experienced in the nonprofit sector. Catto points out that while the focus of combatting sexism in the workplace has been rightfully on preventing explicit harassment and other abuses, more subtle or even subconscious sexist practices and biases often go unnoticed in the nonprofit world. She argues that while certainly less threatening, such sexism nevertheless undermines the critical and inclusive work of nonprofits, and, speaking from her own experience, isolates key donors. In the article, Catto recalls times when she and her husband have jointly attended fundraisers and an organization's leaders have spent most of their conversations looking primarily at her husband and avoiding eye contact with her almost entirely, despite having no prior connection to him. Other times, she remembers nonprofit leaders handing a business card only to her husband at the end of similar conversations about funding. She also remarks on the noticeable lack of engagement or interest from the male leaders she works with in matters not pertaining to work, as compared to the frequent questions she receives about her children and family and general well-being from many women leaders. This is just one of the reasons, Catto claims, that she finds her foundation increasingly shifting towards partnering with organizations led by a woman. Debra Mesch, a Professor of Philanthropic Studies at University of Indiana, reported in an article that this might be a reason that less information is known about the motivations and experiences of women donors, despite their growing numbers. Finally, Catto offers a few suggestions to leaders who are seeking to end such sexism in the nonprofit world and beyond, including promoting board diversity and more closely monitoring staff behavior with funders to identify and correct possible gender inequities. To read more on this donor's perspective and ways that your nonprofit can combat implicit bias and change cultural norms that isolate female funders, visit the article linked above.
That's it for this week's Friday Five! To read more about the nonprofits that arose out of the tragedy of WWI and the work they are still doing today, check out this article from the National Council of Nonprofits.
Can't get enough of the Friday Five? Follow us on Twitter, like us on Facebook, and send your questions about the nonprofit world to firstname.lastname@example.com. See you next week!


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It's been a beautiful summer. We're psyched to hit the road this fall (Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, Colorado, Tennessee, Texas, comin' at ya), but first we've got a handful of shows around home in the Northeast to wrap up the sunny season. Catch a show in September at one of these beautiful spots:
9/6/18 - Higher Ground (South Burlington, VT)
9/7/18 - Eastbound Throwdown (Salem, NY)
9/8/18 - Portland House of Music & Events (Portland, ME)
9/14/18 - Rhode Island Arts & Music Festival (Providence, RI)
9/15/18 - Boots N' Bulls Rodeo (Presque Isle, ME)
9/16/18 - Trails End Festival (Millinocket, ME)
9/28/18 - Foundation 51 Fall Fling (North Yarmouth, ME)
9/30/18 - Green Woods Reggae & Roots Fest (Brunswick, ME)
Tickets are available through our tour page. We've also got some fresh merch on the online store (cassette tapes, anyone?) if you want to help us keep some gas in the tank.
As always, many thanks for the continued support, and we hope to catch you out there!