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1 Introduction
Propensity score analysis (PSA) is now an exceedingly common statistical approach for estimating treatment effects from observational data. However, when the data are collected from a survey design, such as those that require the use of sampling weights, there is very limited guidance for researchers on how to use the sampling weights properly in their PSA. DuGoff et al. [1] searched for articles in health services research and found 28 studies using data containing design weights with an analysis involving propensity scores. Sixteen of those studies ignored the weights completely (with many nonetheless still claiming representativeness), seven used the weights only in the outcome model, and five used the weights in both the propensity score and outcome model. Unfortunately, we argue in this paper that only the latter group (the smallest group) adopted the best approach. Through derivation, simulation, and a real data example, we show that using sampling weights as observation weights in both the propensity score model and the outcome model provides robustness and failing to do so leaves analyses susceptible to bias.
Previous research has examined how the combination of sample selection and treatment selection can affect treatment effect estimation. Smith and Sugden [2] conclude that correct analyses depend on analysts considering "the joint distribution of the observations and of the sampling and assignment indicator variables." While their analysis only briefly touches on propensity scores, their conclusion that a proper accounting of sampling design is essential still holds.
Two recent studies examined the question of survey design and PSA. Zanutto [3] writes "Since the propensity score model is used only to match treated and control units with similar background characteristics together in the sample and not to make inferences about the population-level propensity score model, it is not necessary to use survey-weighted estimation for the propensity score model." While it may be true that we do not intend for the propensity score model to reflect a population, more precisely the choice to include or not to include sampling weights in the propensity score model hinges on which approach produces better population-level treatment effect estimates. Zanutto [3] did not provide mathematical support for the recommendation to exclude sample weights from propensity score estimation.
DuGoff et al. [1] echo the assertion from Zanutto [3], "we argue that the propensity score model does not need to be survey-weighted, as we are not interested in generalizing the propensity score model to the population." However, DuGoff et al. [1] do "recommend including the sampling weight as a predictor in the propensity score model" as they "may capture relevant factors, such as where individuals live, their demographic characteristics, and perhaps variables related to their probability of responding to the survey." Still, the authors state that their guidance should not be the final say on how to properly implement PSAs with survey data as more work on the topic was needed.
The current recommendations in the literature conflicted with our intuition. We believe the majority of studies that involve survey designs are inherently designed to understand population-level effects and sampling weights should, therefore, be incorporated at every stage of estimation. Given the differing views on this topic, we set out to analyze more fully the proper use of sampling weights in PSA. Based on our investigations, we conclude that three scenarios in particular will cause problems if researchers use currently recommended approaches:
- 1.
If there is a covariate used in the sampling weights that is not used or available for the propensity score model even if is independent of the potential outcomes.
- 2.
If the propensity score model has limited degrees of freedom and spends those degrees of freedom on the domain of pretreatment covariates x with small sampling weights.
- 3.
If the sampling probability depends on treatment assignment, particularly for the case when treatment and control cases are drawn from different survey efforts or different survey waves.
We find that using sampling weights in the propensity score estimation stage (as weights, not as a covariate), computing final weights as the product of the sampling weight and the propensity score weight, and using those final weights in an outcome model will be robust in these scenarios and be competitive in other considered scenarios.
In Section 2, we provide a theoretical justification for using the sampling weight (as a weight) when estimating propensity score weights and then highlight a number of cases where current methods proposed in the literature will be susceptible to bias in light of the theoretical derivation. In Section 3, we implement a simulation study that compares our proposed approach to standard methods often used in practice. In Section 4, we compare the methods using the Insights from the Newest Members of America's Law Enforcement Community survey. Finally, in Section 5, we discuss the implications of our findings.
2 Theoretical justification for using sampling weights when estimating propensity score weights
Recent articles suggest that there is no need to use sampling weights in the propensity score model [1, 3]. To examine this assertion we need to work out our objective and connect it with the source of our sample. In this section, we focus on estimating the population average treatment effect on the treated (PATT), but the computations are analogous for other estimands and later sections with simulations and data analyses examine those other estimands.
We assume the standard data structure. We have a sample of observations from a population of treated and untreated cases. For observation we have , the 0/1 treatment indicator, , the potential outcome if case were assigned to treatment, , the control potential outcome, and , additional covariates possibly related to both and . We observe either or depending on the value of . In addition to this standard setup, we assume that observation has been selected into the sample with probability . As a result, the sample of treatment cases do not represent the population of treated cases nor does the sample of control cases represent the population of cases that were not assigned to treatment. However, assigning observation a sampling weight of reweights the data so that they represent the population from which we drew them.
The expected treatment outcome for those assigned to treatment is straightforward and we can compute it directly from the data. (1)Note that eq. (1) is a design-based approach to estimation rather than a model-based approach. Little [4] provides an extensive review of the design-based and model-based approaches to estimation and their strengths and weaknesses. As in DuGoff et al. [1], in this paper we assume the analyst is pursuing a design-based approach and work through scenarios with that approach.
The challenge in causal analysis is to estimate the counterfactual , the expected outcome of treatment cases if they had been assigned to the control condition. Standard propensity score approaches for estimating PATT, whether matching, stratifying, or weighting, all adjust the control cases so that they resemble the treatment cases on observed features. The complication that sampling weights add is that we need to rebalance the comparison cases so that the distribution of their features resembles the feature distribution of the treated population. How exactly to do that has generated confusion. While DuGoff et al. [1] aim "to make the observed treated and control groups as similar as possible," this approach will not yield a consistent treatment effect estimator at the population-level in many cases. If we make the distribution of the sampled control cases' features resemble the feature distribution of the treatment population, as in eq. (2), then we can achieve consistency. Mathematically stated, we want to find propensity score weights such that (2)where is a vector of case features, is the 0/1 treatment indicator as before, and is the 0/1 indicator of inclusion in the sample. Rearranging and applying Bayes Theorem twice we find (3)These calculations show that the right weight for the comparison cases involve three terms. The first is a constant that will be absorbed into any normalization of . The second term is the standard inverse sampling probability weight. The third is the standard odds of treatment propensity score weight. However, those propensity score calculations are not conditional on . Therefore, if then might not result in aligning the treatment and comparison groups to the right distribution of case features. Simply replacing with an estimate based on risks not satisfying the primary goal of propensity scoring, aligning the right feature distributions.
The next several subsections explore how various scenarios and estimation methods affect covariate balance and treatment effect estimates.
2.1 Effect of missing sampling weight variables when estimating the propensity score model
In this subsection, we introduce a key complication to demonstrate the risks associated with estimators that do not include sampling weights in the propensity score estimation step. Namely, we introduce a variable that is used in the construction of the sampling weights, but is unavailable when estimating the propensity score. Such s are not so unusual, particularly for datasets that are part of the federal statistical system. For example, sampling weights often include features related to fielding method, geography, and household, any of which could be related to outcomes of interest. These features might not be available (or might not be available at the same resolution) to the analyst. There is also the risk that the analyst might not be entirely aware of what features were used in constructing the design weights even if all of those features are technically available.
Combining eqs (1) and (3), the estimator of PATT has the form (4)where , the propensity score. The first term estimates regardless of the relationship of to the treatment assignment or to the potential outcomes. We write out the details of this well-known property to more easily guide the analysis into the more complicated second term. (5) (6) (7) (8)The second term in eq. (4) should estimate , but we will see that this depends on how we estimate the propensity scores, , and on a few key assumptions. Here we will just analyze the numerator since, as seen in eq. (7) the denominator is simply a normalization term.
If we use the approach described in Zanutto [3] and DuGoff et al. [1] then we insert the propensity score conditional on in place of . (9) (10)In eq. (10) we need to be independent of conditional on , the standard independence assumption used in PSA, in order to insert in the treatment conditional probabilities. Integrating out we obtain (11) (12)Bringing in the denominator normalizing term we arrive at (13)However, eq. (13) shows that the estimator is not necessarily consistent for . We need but the independence of and cannot be guaranteed when , even though no longer directly visible in the expression, might have induced a correlation.
To repair the treatment effect estimator, we need to modify eq. (9) by using the sampling weights in the estimation of the propensity score model so that we obtain a consistent estimate of . Doing so results in (14) (15) (16)The following simple example shown in Table 1 makes the situation more concrete. In this example, the sampling and treatment assignment probabilities depend on , but the potential outcomes do not depend on .
The inclusion or exclusion of the sampling weights in the propensity score model and the necessary assumptions do in fact matter. Table 2 compares the asymptotic results for this example. The first column in Table 2 shows the asymptotic mean of and for the treated group. The second column shows using sampling weights in both stages of the PSA results in balance on and an identical to the treatment group, consistent with the actual null treatment effect simulated here. The third column shows that without sampling weights in the propensity score model we do not get balance on and do not correctly estimate the null treatment effect.
This analysis demonstrates that when there are case features used in the development of the sampling weights that are unavailable when estimating the propensity score, consistent estimates depend on additional independence assumptions, assumptions that are not needed if the propensity score estimator uses the sampling weights.
2.2 Propensity score models with limited degrees of freedom
Even if the situation described in the previous example does not occur, the propensity score estimates should still involve the sampling weights. While we recommend the use of readily available non-parametric propensity score estimators [5–7], we recognize that propensity score models with limited degrees of freedom, such as standard logistic regression models, are exceedingly common. Ideally, researchers will use propensity score methods that are flexible, can accommodate non-linearities and interactions, and are not sensitive to outliers and high leverage cases. However, in practice we find researchers not taking advantage of more flexible methods.
Analysts using such parametric models should focus the expenditure of their limited degrees of freedom on the domain of with the largest weights. Equation (3) shows that the final analytical weight on a control case will be the case's sampling weight times the propensity score weight, Clearly the quality of the propensity score will matter more for values of where is large and will be inconsequential for cases with near 0. Therefore, the propensity score model should allocate available degrees of freedom to the regions of with the largest weight.
The example shown in Figure 1 demonstrates this. In this example the treatment probability has a curvilinear relationship with (black). Because in this example we limit ourselves to a propensity score model with two degrees of freedom, the resulting propensity score model will vary based on which cases have the most weight.
The density plots shown in the top margin show that (blue), which puts more mass on larger values of , is quite different than (red), generated by uniformly sampling across . The red curve overlaying the treatment probability is the result of a standard logistic regression model with an intercept and a coefficient for . The limited capacity of such a model to learn the treatment's relationship with means that it results in a mediocre fit everywhere along . The blue curve is the result of a logistic regression model fit using inverse sampling probability weights. The result is that this propensity score model produces a poor fit for , but a good fit for , the region with the highest sampling weights.
The weighted control mean of when using the sampling weights in the propensity score is , quite close to the treatment mean of . Using a propensity score model without sampling weights the control group mean is . If were a feature like age, then a two year difference between the treatment and control group reasonably could be a confounder for morbidity and mortality outcomes. A consequence of this would be that it will be harder to find good balance if an analyst is using the wrong (unweighted) propensity score model and easier when using the weighted one.
Using the sampling weights as described in this subsection can reduce the effect of model misspecification of some kinds, but is not a cure-all. This example involved modest non-linearity, most of which was in a region with low sampling weight and so using the sampling weights produced a better propensity score model. Cases with large sampling weight and high leverage (i.e. outliers with large sampling weights) will cause estimation problems for the propensity score model with or without weights, and possibly for the outcome analysis as well. This problem could be more completely resolved by directly addressing propensity score model misspecification. However, the example shown here demonstrates that modest misspecification can be accommodated when using sampling weights.
2.3 Issues when sampling weights drawn from different sources
Additional complications arise for propensity score estimators that are not weighted by the sampling weights when the treatment group and the control group come from different survey efforts. For example, data fusion is a form of statistical data linkage that does not aim to match individual records into two data sources, but rather match a collection of cases in the two data sources that have similar features. Such questions arise in comparisons between military spouses and similar members of the general public [8], comparing television viewing and consumer behavior [9], and when comparing any study sample to government or administrative surveys with similar measures. In these cases, the data needed to answer the question reside in two different data collections and the sampling weights for one dataset are not normalized to the same scale as the comparison data source.
Respondents with the same sampling weight from different surveys will not share the same features. Using the sampling weight as a covariate (as suggested in DuGoff et al. [1]) in such circumstances will result in bias. Using the sampling weights as weights does not have the same issue. The sampling weights are still derived from valid sample inclusion probabilities. Therefore, the PATT estimator defined in eq. (4) is still valid. Any rescaling of the weights in either sample will have no effect as the scaling factor will cancel out. Regarding the propensity score model, only the intercept term will be affected by a rescaling of the weights and that too cancels out of eq. (4). When estimating the population average treatment effect (PATE), the propensity score model intercept term does not cancel out of the estimator. Therefore, when estimating PATE the control cases' weights should be scaled so that their share of the total weight matches the fraction of control cases in the population of interest.
This is a case in which the sampling probability depends on the treatment assignment. As we saw in Section 2.1, correlations between sampling probabilities and treatment assignment (in that case possibly induced by ) can produce inconsistent estimators. Rather than conduct another derivation showing the special issue that a dependence between sampling probability and treatment creates, we include this scenario in our simulated examples in the following section.
3 Simulation study
DuGoff et al. [1] previously reported results of a simulation study comparing the bias and coverage of different estimators of the PATE and PATT using survey data. In this section, we expand on their study in order to examine the comparative performance of a broader set of propensity score estimators and modeling scenarios. The simulation is the same as DuGoff et al. [1]: a single normally distributed covariate , with mean conditional on the population stratum; a binary treatment indicator ; normally distributed potential outcomes with a heterogeneous treatment effect that varies with ; and a stratified population of 90,000 persons with three strata of equal size but unequal probabilities of selection. Details of the simulation are included in Appendix A1.
The five data generation scenarios investigated in our simulation study are listed across the top of Tables 3 and 4. For each scenario, we vary the selection probability model to include cases where selection depends on (), selection is independent of (), selection depends on both and (), and where selection depends on with weights differentially scaled by to simulate samples generated from different survey efforts (). We also varied the treatment probability model to depend on () or to have a non-linear relationship with ().
For each of the five data generation scenarios, we examined the performance of four candidate propensity score approaches, listed down the side of Table 3, including no PSA (None, ), estimating the propensity score ignoring the sampling weights (None, ), estimating the propensity score with the sampling weight as a covariate (Covariate, ), and estimating the propensity score using the sampling weight as an observation weight (Weight, ). PATE estimators use propensity score weights equal to for the treated and for controls. PATT estimators use propensity score weights equal to 1 for all treated and for controls. Our study focuses on population treatment effects so we did not examine within-sample treatment effects.
We first judged the performance of the estimators by examining the balance of the covariate after propensity score weighting. We measured covariate balance using the population standardized mean difference (SMD), equal to the mean difference in between the treated and control group, weighted by the product of the propensity score weight and sampling weight, and divided by the pooled standard deviation of in the survey sample.
In Table 3 we compare the balance achieved by each of the estimators. Only propensity score models using sampling weights as weights consistently provided good covariate balance across the scenarios. In contrast all other methods had at least one scenario that resulted in poor covariate balance. This was particularly true of the method using the sampling weight as a covariate. These findings illustrate the potential problems with using sampling weights as a covariate when the sampling weights are associated with treatment group (Scenario 3); when the treatment groups being compared are from different target populations (Scenario 4), as described in Section 2.3; or when the propensity score model is misspecified (Scenario 5). When sampling weights were strongly associated with treatment assignments, the propensity scores would perfectly separate treated and control cases. We found a similar set of issues for estimators of PATT.
We also evaluated the candidate treatment effect estimators in terms of their root mean squared error (RMSE) when estimating the true population treatment effect. Table 4 again lists the five data generation scenarios along the top and the four propensity score methods down the side. We also considered two different outcome models. The first includes as a covariate (). This is the approach used in DuGoff et al. [1]. While this is an appropriate model and provides a doubly robust treatment effect estimate, this is not the typical propensity score approach. Therefore, we also include the more typical PSA estimator that excludes in the outcome model (). In this simulation is a strong predictor of the outcome and, therefore, outcome models that include will generally have smaller RMSE. All outcome models used weights equal to the product of the sampling weight and the propensity score weight.
We found that the estimator using the sampling weights as observation weights in the development of the propensity score model had among the smallest RMSE of all the estimators across the range of scenarios. Particularly in contrast to using the propensity score that incorporates sampling weights as a covariate, using sampling weights at all stages of PSA produces notably more precise treatment effect estimates for scenarios 3 through 5. These findings mirror the covariate balance findings.
We also examined the coverage and Type I error of the population estimators presented in this section. Coverage describes the frequency with which the true population treatment effect was captured by a 95% confidence interval for the given estimator, which depends on bias and standard error properties of the estimator. Type I error refers to the frequency that the coverage interval does not include zero in scenarios in which there was no treatment effect. For the set of scenarios considered in this study, no important differences in coverage or Type I error were found among the different approaches for estimating population treatment effects.
We also checked to make sure that the findings shown here were not the result of common support issues. The data generating process used in the simulation study specified a common support for both treatment groups. That is, the theoretical range of was equal for treated and controls. However, any finite sample might result in extreme cases in each treatment group, such that, no comparable "match" can be found. The proportion of these cases was small. For example, if we were to have truncated the samples to the observed common support based on the estimated propensity score, only 1.5% of the sample would have been discarded in Scenario 1 and only 2% in Scenario 5, on average. Importantly, there was no difference in the common support depending on the method of propensity score estimation used (e.g. no survey weight, with survey weight as covariate, or weighted by survey weight). This indicates that the comparative performance evaluation was not sensitive to exclusions based on the common support.
In summary, this simulation study demonstrates that most propensity-weighted estimators of population treatment effects perform well under ideal conditions, in which the survey design is not complicated and the propensity score model and outcome model are correctly specified. However, when the study design becomes more complex or model misspecification is present, a sample-weighted propensity score model reduces population covariate imbalances and produces more robust and more accurate causal effect estimates. Given these are scenarios we believe are most likely to occur in real applications, the safest bet in any particular analysis will be to use the weights at all stages of an analysis.
4 Insights from the newest members of America's law enforcement community
In this section, we show that the inclusion or exclusion of sampling weights in the propensity score model stage can affect covariate balance and study outcomes in a real dataset.
For much of the last 15 years recruiting has been among the greatest challenges for the law enforcement community, particularly for large municipal agencies seeking to develop a larger, diverse workforce well suited to community-oriented policing. The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) in the U.S. Department of Justice was interested in learning more about the barriers new and potential recruits face when considering a law enforcement career. The 2009 Insights from the Newest Members of America's Law Enforcement Community survey [10] was conducted to aid the law enforcement community in refining its recruitment practices and improving recruitment results. The survey targeted new law enforcement recruits, reaching a national pool of 1,600 respondents from 44 of the United States' largest police and sheriff departments. The survey asked recruits about their reasons for pursuing a career in law enforcement, potential disadvantages of such a career, influencers on a career in law enforcement and employment within the recruit's chosen agency, and the perceived effectiveness of both actual and potential recruiting strategies.
One research question of interest in the study included understanding how attractions and barriers to joining a law enforcement agency differed for minority and white respondents. Recruiting minority officers is particularly challenging, both at the time of the fielding of the survey and today following nationwide protest concerning police use of lethal force against unarmed minorities. However, confounding is likely since minority recruits were more likely to be female, be married, have children, and have never attended college than white recruits. Moreover, minority respondents in the survey were a select sample who needed to be reweighted using the sampling weights in the study to ensure they represented the general population of new minority recruits. Respondents were more likely to be married, more likely to have children, and less likely to have attended college. Therefore, correct analyses depend on proper use of propensity scores and sampling weights.
Propensity score analyses are useful in such circumstances to untangle the effects of race from these other respondent features. We considered four approaches for adjusting for covariance imbalances between minority and white recruits. The four methods varied on propensity score method (no propensity score adjustment, propensity score estimated without sampling weights, and propensity score estimated with sampling weights) and whether sampling weights were used when computing the SMD for each covariate (without sampling weights and with sampling weights).
Figure 2 shows the SMD for each method for 22 covariates, which included demographic, educational, and work history factors. Each line in the plot traces the path of one of 22 covariates as we used different survey adjustment methods. From the left side of Figure 2 we see that the raw data show large SMDs between minority and white respondents with many covariates having SMDs in excessive of 0.2. The SMDs shown on the far right of Figure 2 are from the method that the previous sections of this paper support, using sampling weights at all stages of analysis. The SMDs are all within 0.1 of zero. The two other approaches shown in the middle, using no propensity scores or fitting propensity scores without using sampling weights, both fare worse in terms of covariate balance.
The extent to which achieving better covariate balance has an impact on the results depends on the strength of the relationship between those covariates and the outcomes of interest. In this example, the choice of method impacts some conclusions from the survey, primarily in terms of the magnitude of effects. For example, results from the survey show that minority officers are significantly more concerned about benefits, particularly health insurance. If we do not use weights in the propensity score model, the analysis yields an odds ratio of 2.68 with a 95% confidence interval of (0.97, 7.41). Using the sample weights in both the propensity score model and the outcomes analysis yields and odds ratio of 2.56 (1.00, 6.53), a more precise estimate and, for those who are particular about an confidence level, a 95% confidence interval that does not overlap 1.0. The survey also suggests that minority officers are more concerned about police excessive force to the point that they considered not joining. Without sampling weights in the propensity score model the estimated odds ratio is 1.64 (0.61, 4.44), but with sampling weights in the propensity score model the estimated odds ratio is 1.93 (0.92, 4.06). While neither estimate reaches standard levels of statistical significance, the first estimate likely would make the analyst dismiss the issue altogether while the second would draw some attention.
5 Discussion
PSA is a widely used technique and DuGoff et al. [1] show that many researchers are struggling to properly incorporate complex survey designs into their PSA. The analysis presented here can help researchers gain a better understanding of how best to handle sampling weights in PSA. In this paper, we showed that estimating propensity score models without the sampling weights has risks and will not be consistent in some cases:
- 1.
If the sampling weights involve variables that are unavailable to the analysts estimating the propensity score model even if the missing variables are unrelated to the potential outcomes.
- 2.
If degrees of freedom of the propensity score model are wasted on regions of with small sampling weight resulting in poor model fit in the regions of that matter most.
- 3.
If the sampling probability depends on treatment assignment, particularly for the case when treatment and control cases are drawn from different survey efforts or different survey waves.
We note that our findings here generalize readily to best practices for incorporating any kind of survey weight, such as nonresponse weights. If a study has computed nonresponse weights to make the sample of responders representative of the original baseline sample, our analysis here indicates that the use of the nonresponse weight (as a weight and not a covariate) in the propensity score model will lead to better inferences. This article focuses on simple survey designs which only entail sampling weights. However, we believe similar logic will apply for more complex survey designs and future research should carefully explore the impact that more complex surveys designs have on PSAs. Future work should also explore comparisons of the design-based approaches to model-based approaches in cases where differences in survey weights will be large between the treatment and control groups and the increase in variance from the design-based approach might lead to a preference for a model-based approach.
The authors are grateful to Dr. Elizabeth Stuart and Dr. Dan McCaffrey for their thoughtful feedback on our work and to Dr. Nelson Lim for prompting us to address this question.
A.1 A.1 Details of the simulation
This appendix describes the simulation study in more detail. The R script for the simulation is available at JCI webpage for supplementary material.
First, we generate a simulated population of 90,000 observations divided into three strata of 30,000 cases each. Each observation has a single covariate where varies by the three strata, for .
Treatment probabilities are except for Scenario 5 where .
Selection probabilities are except for Scenario 2 where and Scenario 3 where
In Scenario 4 we leave the selection probabilities unchanged by artificially scaling the sampling weights of control cases by 1.3 to simulate the scenario of treatment and control case coming from different data collections with mismatched weight scales.
We simulate potential outcomes as and .
All performance measures were based on summaries of 2,000 iterations of the indicated scenario.
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About the article
Published Online: 2015-05-14
Published in Print: 2015-09-01
Funding: Research reported in this article was supported by NIDA under award number R01DA034065 for Griffin's work and by the NIA under award number 1R01AG043960 for Kabeto's work. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Citation Information: Journal of Causal Inference, Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 237–249, ISSN (Online) 2193-3685, ISSN (Print) 2193-3677, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jci-2014-0039.


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3D Illustration that subtly shows the subdermal musculature of the face. Epic Studios, Inc. created dozens of illustrations used for an interactive iPad educational and sales training module that illustrates the anatomical changes of bone structures, fat pads, muscles and skin involved with facial aging. #aging#facial aging#muscles#facial muscles#ligaments#facial ligaments#skin#pharmaceutical
Keywords: 3D, Advertising / Marketing, Education, Patient Education, Web, Interactive, Anatomy, Dermatology, Health & Wellness, Plastic Surgery
© Epic Studios, Inc.

subset: commoncrawl


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ALL great works, ALL great ideas, stem from inspiration of our predecessors, our ancestors. These beautiful beginnings are meant to inspire and be utilized as tools for the next creative level.
When we look at something, we ought to make the effort to see the past in it, and also the potential it holds for the future, whether it be a song, a technology, or a connection brought forth through action, gifted to each other.


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Wow, the title says it all- finally a show! I've only been to one this "Season" and I'm raring to go, even though everyone looks awful. No really- they look AWFUL.
There is my jr. buck who won BOB at the last show. Yeahhhhh he's thankfully not entered because I had a feeling he was going to blow his coat. Did I think he was going blow it quite like this? No!
This show is the Mountain State Fair in Fletcher, NC. It's one of my favorites. It's always so much fun, we get fun out of state judges and of course- free fair admission LOL!
It's also going to be so much fun because I will have an opportunity to see my bunny friends!
This is the second year a friend has asked that I donate a junior wooly or two to try to help garner interest in rabbits as 4-H animals in her county. I'm so excited, the one last year went to a fantastic home, so I hope the one(s) this year do just as well! :).
Keep's Rabbitry
Friday, September 10, 2010
A Show! Finally a Show!
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Rocking Around the Christmas Tree
* Chloe with her partner Cole
Shake it, Shake it!
Oh Holy Night
Soloist: Chloe
* Chloe is at the back and on top of the row
Away In a Manger
*Chloe is still at the back & on top
Got this tag from Misty's Adventurous Journey. Thank you so much for this beautiful award. Oh, I so love the three cutie little bears!
Passing this award to Tita Bogie, Tita Karen, Baby Samantha and Kristie. Happy blogging to all of you!
I got another award from Baby Samantha Ysabelle. My mom posted this already but we want to post it here again because we want to thank the Lord for Baby Sam's fast recovery. Thank you, Lord, for taking good care of my beautiful little friend!


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Replaced LCD, but new one is all white!
I have a 16gb 2nd gen touch that was given to me. It had a broken LCD and a broken front glass/digitizer. The Ipod would sync with Itunes and play music in my car, but the LCD would not light up/turn on. I bought a replacement LCD and a whole front panel assembly. I successfully disassembled the Ipod and took out the bad screen. I put the new LCD in and before putting the front panel back on I decided to power it on to check the LCD. all the shows up is a solid white screen. I was wondering if anyone had an idea what it could be. I have read several posts iPod touch working completely, but screen is WHITE! why? and Why is my iPod touch screen white?. Is it a bad logic board or is it a crappy LCD that I purchased off of eBay? I would prefer to do some things before i seal up the Ipod so any input regarding the LCD/ inside of the Ipod would be appreciated as I don't want to keep opening and closing the Ipod.
Is dit een goede vraag?
well I restored my Ipod 2 times and the screen works now. In order to the the touchscreen to respond I have to push on the screen very hard and the home button doesn't work at all. I have restored it again with the same results. please take note that i did buy the whole front panel assembled with home button and all. Any ideas?


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Irwin Mitchell's specialised road traffic accidents team has helped a man claim £15,000 in compensation after he was involved in a collision while travelling on his motorbike.
Our client, who was 38 at the time, was riding his motorbike on the inside lane of a dual carriageway. He was approaching a slip road where traffic was entering the dual carriageway.
As he approached, a vehicle entered the slip road prematurely by crossing the chevrons that separated the slip road and the dual carriageway. The vehicle clipped the rear of our client's motorbike causing him to be thrown into the front of his bike.
As a result of the accident our client sustained fractures to his right wrist and left little finger as well as a number of lacerations to his other fingers. He also sustained a number of soft tissue grazes to the right upper arm, right hip, left wrist and both knees.
Our client also started suffering from panic attacks post accident and had to take one week off work before returning to light duties.
Our client decided to contact Irwin Mitchell's specialised road traffic accidents team and one of experienced solicitors, Roslyn Holmes, was able to deal with his claim.
The driver of the car admitted blame for the accident and with this, Rosalyn was able to secure our client £15,000 in compensation in an out-of-court settlement.
If you've been injured in a road traffic accident involving a motorbike, our No Win No Fee solicitors could help you claim compensation. See our Motorbike Accident Claims page for more information.
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What Difference Does The Diocese Make To Oldswinford?
The Diocese of Worcester shares the vision for schools set out by the Archbishop of Canterbury, that our schools are:
"Not just about acquiring skills and good examination results. They are about forming people who have the moral strength and spiritual depth to hold course and weather ups and downs. (They are) about forming people who know that economic competition is not more important than family life and love of neighbour, and that technical innovation is not more important than reverence for the beauty of creation. It is about forming people, who however academically and technically skillful, are not reduced to inarticulate embarrassment by the great questions of life and death and the meaning of truth."
Mission Statement of the Diocesan Department for Education
Our task is:
*We acknowledge that education is not solely through words nor through instruction and transmission but by serving, learning and loving together.
*We work in the company of others seeking to plan jointly from the start
*We pursue interdependence rather than independence
*We seek to be inclusive unless there is a particular reason to be selective
*We work in partnership with other organisations in the church, schools and the community unless there is good reason not to do so.
*We acknowledge the different parts of our work and service but keep an overall view of the wider developmental work of the Diocesan Department for Education.
*We recognise and affirm that children and young people have a ministry in their own right and will encourage each person to exercise their ministries.
*We will not exploit, manipulate or bully children, young people or our partners.
*We will take stock, set aims, share good practice and pass it on; look ahead and break new ground and be adventurous.
At Oldswinford, we celebrate our inclusion in the Diocese of Worcester and value the educational, spiritual and pastoral support we receive.
Along with 100 other schools in Dudley, Sandwell and Worcester, Oldswinford Church of England Primary School is located within the Diocese of Worcester which is headed by Bishops John and Graham and Archdeacons Nikki and Robert.
There are 42 Church of England dioceses covering England, the Isle of Man, The Channel Islands and a small part of Wales. The 42 dioceses are divided into two provinces: The Province of Canterbury in the south comprises 30 dioceses and the Province of York in the north comprises of 12. The Archbishop of Canterbury has pastoral oversight for the diocese in the South and the Archbishop of York for those in the north.


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I've only just caught up with my workload and am now starting to catch up on blogs and journals. So here's a random list of interesting things that I've come across, that either made me think, made me laugh, or both!
* ALA sounded like an interesting meeting. Sometimes I wonder if I should rejoin it, but I get so much more out of SLA...
* I want this job: Technology Innovation Librarian. I love my job but this just sounds TOO cool.
* Ha! You've gotta read the Annoyed Librarian's Library School Coursework post. Now, why didn't I have these classes in grad school?
* Google has joined the Net Neutrality fray. (If you aren't yet aware of the Net Neutrality issue, get aware!) (via ArsTechnica)
* Vista is coming. Now, I rant a lot to my coworkers about Windows and all the problems we have with it, but let's face it, we're a Windows shop. (With, thank the heavens, a solid underpinning of Unix machines for our file servers...!) Are we ready for Vista? (Well, I know one of my guys is; he just got a smashingly fabulous 64-bit Dell that I'm positively slavering over. Yeah, yeah, I don't need 64-bit functionality for what I do, but DANG it's a nice machine.) (via ArsTechnica)
* Warning: Political comment! I wholeheartedly agree with Scott Adams - well said, Scott! No, not about Dilbert; about the whole ruckus over flag-burning. I'm a liberal. I'm also a military brat, and proud of it. I have a very healthy respect for our country, our military, and our servicemen and women who are serving both. However, I can't say the same thing about our government. The flag is a symbol of our country, not our country itself, and dang it, if we're sending folks to die to keep freedom alive, shouldn't we be allowed to practice that same freedom right here at home? (OK, this is a biblioblog, so I'll stop now before the real ranting kicks in.)
* Mmm, a new journal in my field: The Journal of Web Librarianship. (via LibrarianInBlack)
* Wow, another cool new tool! Byoms let you create personalized IM searches; for example, you can IM a question to Wikipedia, and the system will IM an answer back to you. Nifty! (via LibrarianInBlack)
OK, that's it for this morning. I'll do another catch-up post after this afternoon's readings.
Currently 92° and 34% RH. Just enough to be slightly icky...


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Currently in Beta: Until it is generally available, this page is dedicated to a discussion about Unified P+V (Physical + Virtual) Cloud Fabrics. If you are interested in learning more or our beta program, please Contact Us.
Unified P+V (Physical + Virtual) Cloud Fabrics are a specific type of switching fabric where a single controller manages policy/forwarding across both a physical network fabric and the virtual (hypervisor) vSwitches connected to it. The name has a double meaning as the controllers typically have major feature areas, managing the physical network resources that make up the fabric and managing the virtual L2/L3 networks seen by devices connected to the fabric.
Unified Cloud Fabrics are typically built for cloud environments, where agility, simplified operations and reduced cost are primary considerations. State of the art Unified P+V Cloud Fabrics are designed to gracefully handle a range of workloads for low-SLA, single tier applications to mission critical n-tier applications with complex policy, auditing and isolation requirements.
These systems are a "second generation" approach to cloud network infrastructure, and serve as an alternative to the "first generation" overlay/underlay designs that rely on vSwitch-to-vSwitch tunnels, overlay gateways and independent operations of the physical and virtual network. They provide the same ease of automation and ease of integration benefits due to a centralized management / control plane, but present simpler automation and reduced cost.
Integration and Systems Design
Unified P+V systems are typically used in data center architectures that feature a pod-based approach, and are integrated in to the rest of the datacenter using existing routers and their routing protocols. Typically one would see a specific pod designed using a Unified P+V Cloud Fabric, with significant automation and operational software integration either day 1 or gradually introduced over time.
Because of the L2/L3 challenges presented by self-serve cloud designs targeting n-tier applications, Unified P+V Systems are often introduced in to a datacenter with a new build-out of a private cloud or as pod targeting high end enterprise public cloud needs.
Internal Components, and Solution Landscape
In Unified P+V Cloud Fabrics across the industry, there are four components in a Unified P+V Cloud Fabric: spine switches, leaf switches, hypervisor vSwitches and SDN controllers. Vendor implementations vary in their use of these components:
- Config/troubleshooting centralization: In some vendor implementations, configuration and troubleshooting operations are primarily done via the controller. In others, operations are a mix of controller-centric and box-by-box.
- Hardware choice: Some vendor implementations limit the physical components to specific product lines due to dependency on proprietary ASIC technologies. Others allow a range of hardware components from various suppliers.
- vSwitch choice: Some vendor implementations rely on their own vSwitch / vRouter, others leverage KVM's OpenVSwitch or VMware's DVS vSwitch. Some implementations allow both.
- Application complexity: There is a broad range of strategies for complex applications across the vendor landscape. Typical differentiation lies in approach to isolation and L4-L7 service chaining across tiers of complex n-tier application, troubleshooting and visibility capabilities, ease-of-deployment for complex applications and inter-application controls.
Learn More:
If you are interested in learning more about where Big Switch fits in to the landscape of options, or participating in a beta trial, please Contact Us or Submit an Inquiry.


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MAN's Exhibition in Print
Mosaic Art NOW Releases Results for 2011 Exhibition in Print
On 08, Dec 2010 | 5 Comments | In Artists, MAN's Exhibition in Print | By man-admin
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE December 9, 2010
Bernice Steinbaum, PhD, internationally known art dealer, advocate, and owner of the Bernice Steinbaum Gallery in Miami, Florida selected the following five mosaic artists: Jo Braun (USA), Luca Barberini (Italy), Lilian Broca (Canada), Lynne Chinn (USA), and Mona Magdi Kenawy (Egypt). Dr. Steinbaum's choice for Best in Show Artist is Luca Barberini. One of his submitted works is seen below.
Folla (Crowd) 250W x 120H x 4D centimeters
Glass smalti and marble.
Luca Barberini creates a contemporary image in mosaic. Like many contemporary painters he has "formalized" how to use his materials. Although he uses 5 tesserae for a face we are very aware of each figure's individuality through color and form. In his larger work the viewer gets the sense that it is abstract work, perhaps a pointillist painting, on further examination we find individual people with delineated faces, each having their own personalities. — Bernice Steinbaum.
The team of Emma Biggs, acclaimed mosaic artist, author and teacher and her husband, Matthew Colllings, artist, art historian and BBC commentator selected the following five artists: Jo Braun (USA), Cynthia Fisher (USA), Mona Magdi Kenawy (Egypt), the group CaCO3 (Italy) and Ilana Shafir (Israel). Biggs and Collings selected Jo Braun (USA) as their Best in Show Artist. One of her submitted works is shown below.
Mosaic Plastered Over 56h x 39w x 3d inches
Jo's work is experimental, coherent, enquiring and technically adept. She is interested in process based, slightly conceptual work. Her plastered over mosaic is an experiment along the lines of Rauschenberg's 'Erased de Kooning Drawing'. She combines a humorous, enquiring scepticism, with a sincere interest in the nature of materials. — Emma Biggs and Matthew Collings
Over 100 artists from 19 countries submitted portfolios consisting of three art works, an Artist Statement and written descriptions of each piece. This year's Exhibition in Print is unique in that the two judging entities made their selections entirely independent of each other and will be presented that way in the magazine.
"We wanted to give MAN readers the benefit of seeing how judges from different vantage points in the art world make critical decisions," said Welch. "A common theme for all of the selected artists is that of exploration — whether it is a theme, a process, a material or the traditional use of the medium itself. This is a group of artists pushing the boundries of an ancient art form to uncover exciting new points of relevancy in the contemporary world."
Each selected artist will receive a four-page article in the 2011 edition of Mosaic Art Now. Best in Show winners will receive cash prizes of $500 (US). Steinbaum, Biggs and Collings received a professional fee for their services.
Mosaic Art NOW 2011 will be released in mid-February and will be available for sale during the Vendor Show of the annual conference of the Society of American Mosaic Artists in Austin, Texas. Additional sales points will be announced later.
In addition to the Exhibition in Print, this year's content will include a tribute to Mosaic Art NOW founding publisher Bill Buckingham who passed away earlier this year. "Bill was the heart and soul of the magazine," said Welch "Our goal is to produce a publication that he would be proud of. We are grateful for the continued support of the mosaic community and the Exhibition Sponsor LATICRETE, Int."
Contact: Nancie Mills Pipgras
Phone: (916) 715-3284 (PST)
E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Hello, Lone Talisman, and thanks for kicking off the conversation. I'm sure you represent the thoughts of others. FYI, Mosaic Plastered Over was just one of three works that made up the total of Braun's submission. The Award is for Best in Show Artist, not a specific work. There will be much more commentary in the magazine. Now, keep talking . . .
Looking forward to my MAN magagzine…
This is lively conversation number 1:
Folla is exquisite congratulations Luca! I'm a fan of Emma, Matthew and Jo, that said… in my opinion Biggs/Collins are shoveling a bunch of crap in describing and selecting Mosaic Plastered Over.
I am sure there will be some lively conversation around this group of artists. We are living the mission statement. And, it is part of what I love about the Exhibition in Print. Every year I learn something new from the artists AND the jurors about how to look at mosaics and art in general.
Wonderful news – that Mosaic Art Now magazine WILL be out in print. Can't wait. The jurying must have been really tough, and winning artists are exceptional. As a bonus, that of the two prize winners is decidedly distinctive. Great statements from the jurors, setting work in general art context not exclusively that of mosaics.


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Hi Everyone,
Happy Monday!
I just wanted to update you all on last week! Valderrama – what a great golf course! Felt good out there after 9 weeks away and, although I had some injury concerns on Sunday, pretty pleased I managed to battle to a T19 finish. Course management and playing as smart as I could was definitely the key around that track!
I also wanted to let you know that I have gone over to the dark side and joined the world of twitter! Still getting to grips with it (so be gentle!) but if you want to give me a follow you can find me @thomasbjorngolf.
Also, massive congratulations to Andrew Johnston on his maiden victory last week! Great things happen to great people!
Keep swinging :)


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Erica Cooper started following the Daintree Duck Tollers Facebook page and began to learn more about a holistic way to care for her shelter dog, a Duck Toller.
When my husband and I got our new puppy in 2007 she was only 3 months old, had been beaten and abused and had her ears clipped. The closest toller breeder to us was in Alabama, and they were not a lot of help.
We wanted to make sure we did everything "by the book". We took her to the vet and got every and all shots the vet recommended. We fed her whatever kibble the vet recommended. As time went on, our new little pup seemed to have a rash on her belly at times and horribly dry skin. Her vet suggested different sensitive stomach pet foods, and we kept changing it up over and over trying to find something.
In learning more about Tollers, I stumbled upon Trisha's Daintree Duck Tollers site. It was a wealth of knowledge! Not only did I get to find out more about my own dog, but I got to find out more about the breed in general. That is when I first found out about raw diets and feeding. It seemed like a lot of work and extra money, but I wanted to make sure I did everything I could to see if my own dog's health would improve. I started out slowly, a few times a week I would raw feed. Then more and more. I noticed my dog's coat got more shiny. Her rash was disappearing. Her skin was no longer dry and she seemed to be much more active. I discussed with my vet what I was doing, but he wouldn't say much about it. He was a firm supporter of his own pet food brand that was sold on site. I knew what I was doing was helping her though, so I continued. And thankfully, through the Daintree facebook, I get new ideas for food to feed her!
Also, the more I learned about vaccines, the more I wished I would have waited and did a lot of things differently. Again, her original vet was a huge supporter of all vaccines, so I was not going to get any help from him. Whenever I would bring up questions, everything was masked behind a reason of "everyone else does it, so we will, too" attitude. I had to do my own research, with great help from the Daintree site and Facebook, to learn about making my own decisions for my dog. I know whenever the time comes for us to get another Toller, not only would I be honored to have a Daintree dog, but I feel like I have the peace of mind knowing that I don't have to follow the so called "norm" for the health and well-being of my pet.
Daintree has helped me, along with the many other followers, to learn that we have to be in charge of what is right for our pets. I have a become a strong advocate for the health of my dog. I stand up to big pharma and typical vet care. Just because everyone does it, doesn't mean you shouldn't question why! I would strongly urge any and all pet owners to not just say Yes, but ask Why! How is this benefiting my animal? Is there a better way? And above all else, seek out others in this community for help and advice! Together, we can help extend the life and livelihood of our pets.
Abby is her name. She is 7 now and a completely different dog. Still tiny little ears but an amazing companion.


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Saturday, May 21, 2011
Chocolate Donuts
• 4 cups all-purpose flour (I used 3 cups white and one cup whole wheat)
• 1/2 cup cocoa powder
• 1.5 cups white sugar
• 4 teaspoons baking powder
• 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
• 2 teaspoon sea salt (I used regular salt)
• 2 cups buttermilk
• 4 eggs, beaten
• 2 teaspoon vanilla extract
• 4 tablespoon melted butter
Pre- heat oven to 450 and bake 8-10 minutes.
I got the recipe (that I doubled and changed a little) from Alli and Son she has some amazing ideas on other toppings. This will definitely be a new favorite one. I have several of these setting on he kitchen table waiting for breakfast.
Labels: Chocolate Donuts
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Basement Waterproofing Red Mills, NY
Reclaim Your Basement With Basement Waterproofing Red Mills, NY[google-map location="Red Mills, NY"] " It utilized to be so damp and dark here," states a other half whose 50-square-meter basement utilized to be barren due to the frequent flooding brought on by the seepage of outside water into the basement.
Thankfully, professionals recommended basement waterproofing as the most efficient method of funneling water from the outside, thus, preventing the leaks in the basement walls, and floor covering.
Considering that the beginning of waterproofing, basement waterproofing has long been among the most essential principles, specifically now that most families would like to make the most of the function of their basement.
From the normal warehouse, basements are now made more productive and appealing through the aid of basement waterproofing.
Making the most of the Space, Red Mills, NY
Basement waterproofing is usually applied to basements whose structural condition is prone to water seepage. Considering the fact that the basement is located at the most affordable part of your house and with its listed below the ground level, water leaking into the walls and flooring of the basement is not a surprising occurrence.
This natural issue must not be primarily blamed to its basic structural condition. The kind of drain utilized can likewise be one reason for water seepage in the basement.
Nevertheless, with basement waterproofing, your basement will certainly be dry all throughout the year.
With that in mind, you can now quickly maximize your area by changing your basement into a better part of your home, such as making it your child's playroom or research study space.
No matter what you decide in transforming your basement, it is essential that you have actually properly applied a excellent basement waterproofing to avoid rainy day disasters.
One of the main reasons why water keep and leaks into the basement is that the kind of waterproofing center used was not.
Fractures on the walls and floors are normal. This is frequently triggered by the pressure from the outdoors environment. If not treated well, water can permeate through and stay on the basement for such a very long time.
Basement Waterproofing Information: Red Mills, NY
Among the disagreements dealing with numerous house owners are basement waterproof issues. If waterproofing is not done properly, it can cause a domino repercussion. Discovering important basement waterproofing information will avoid this crisis.
The ideal time to waterproof your basement is when the groundwork is first built. This will effectively ensure that the benefits and outcomes may continue for a longer time. Likewise, this is the best time for waterproofing considering that it will be much simpler to reach into small gaps prior to they get closed off because of constraints, like curves as well as spots where the drain system is to be established.
You require to analyze the basement with an incredibly mindful assessment prior to choosing how to waterproof it if you are working with an old house. It would be wise to contact an expert who has the proper basement waterproofing info. Utilizing an expert will assist you avoid having to perform the work again due to having used inappropriate techniques.
There are two treatments to utilize: the interior basement waterproof techniques, and the exterior basement waterproof approaches. A common procedure for exterior waterproofing, referred to as tanking, is the technique where a bonding membrane or substance is used on the external walls of the basement. Be certain that the process of tanking happens when your home is being built, particularly if the basement is set underground.
Another procedure to exterior basement water resistant method is called the outer drainage technique. In this process, the basement would be built in such manner that its floors slope toward the sump pump of your house. Apply a synthetic honeycomb casing on the floor and walls to get rid of any dampness from the basement.
The French drain system is another process of exterior basement waterproofing, too. This mode of waterproofing was typically set up on homes that were built in areas in the nation that have heavy rainfall, and other sorts of humidity-based weather condition. Outside waterproofing treatments, are the only ones acknowledged by the International Building Regulations, as sufficiently reliable, to keep moisture from doing severe structural damages to a house or a building .
Interior basement waterproof techniques are utilized to keep water from working its way to the basement. In order to keep wetness and water from permeating through the basement, apply sealants on the floor and walls. They may assist you handle whilst you are still working on various waterproofing procedures.
Related Pages:[relatedpages parent="Basement Waterproofing"]


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Liz Hume-Dawson starts filming her second series of The 4 O'Clock Club as lead regular Miss Andress.
The popular BBC series features two siblings with dreams of becoming successful rappers. Liz stars alongside Laura Aikman, Oscar Lloyd, Khalil Madovi, Tom Rolinson and the former rapper turned comedy actor Doc Brown.
Series Two is set to air in January 2013, and is written by Gerard Foster, known for his previous work on Young Dracula, Mike the Knight and the BAFTA winning series Horrible Histories.Overview
Manchester based actress Liz Hume-Dawson has become a household name over her extensive screen career with roles in productions such as Clink, The 4 O'Clock Club, Trollied, Monroe, Bodies, Red Riding Trilogy, The Street, Dinner Ladies, Shameless, Coronation Street,Fat Friends and Sunny D.
Her stage credits include: Everyone Loves A Winner At Manchester's Royal Exchange, as well as directing Macbeth and Up 'n' Under for the Palace Theatre.About Sainou
Sainou means talent and that's what we're all about.
Based in the heart of Shoreditch, Sainou represents a select list of actors including International industry award winners, household names and some of the finest, young British talent working today.
Clients are represented by agents David Marsden, Paul Martin & Hermione Halpin, with assistance from Kristian Wall, Amy Duffell and Amy McGivern. We work together as a close team covering all media with particular focus on Film, Television and Theatre in both the UK and overseas.


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These athletes thought they made it big once they reached the NFL, but sadly for them, their dreams were short lived.
Here are seven athletes that made it big in different sports after they left the NFL.
Bill Goldberg
Before spearing men in the ring, Goldberg was taking out guys on the football field.
He was taken in the 11th round by the Los Angeles Rams as a defensive tackle in the 1990 draft, but couldn't catch on. He went on to play two seasons in the CFL before landing with the Falcons in 1992, playing in 14 games over three seasons. He was cut after the '94 season and picked by the Panthers in the 1995 expansion draft.
After getting injured, he was cut by Carolina in 1995, beginning his career as a professional wrestler two years later. He was most successful in the WCW where he won the World Heavyweight Championship and the United States Championship. After a brief stint in Japan, he went to the WWE where he also became the WWE Heavyweight Champion.
Brian Jordan
Brian Jordan would not take the Bo Jackson career route and play in the NFL and MLB.
For a while, Jordan had a career in baseball and football, getting drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals in 1988 and the Bills in 1989. Buffalo cut him in training camp, but he signed with the Falcons and played for Atlanta from 1989 to 1991. He led the Falcons in tackles in 1991 and was voted as an alternate to the National Football Conference Pro Bowl team.
During his time with the Falcons he also played in the Cardinals' minor league system and later on left football to sign with St. Louis in 1992. He went on to play for the Atlanta Braves, Los Angeles Dodgers, and the Texas Rangers. He played in the All-Star game in 1999.
Johnny Quinn
Johnny Quinn's strength and speed didn't help him on the football field, but it helped him push a bobsled.
Quinn only had preseason stints with the Buffalo Bills in 2007 and the Green Bay Packers in 2008.
Once he found out that the U.S. Bobsled team was looking for someone with a football background, he sent a workout video to the team's head coach and was approved in 2010. He competed for the U.S. in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.
While he didn't take home gold — or any medal, for that matter — Quinn became Internet famous after tweeting a photo of the bathroom door he smashed open in Sochi, one of the many #Sochiproblems from those Games.
Bob Sapp
NFL players should be happy that Bob Sapp decided to pile drive people in the ring and not in the NFL.
Bob Sapp was drafted 69th overall by the Chicago Bears in the 1997 NFL draft and after being released at the end of training camp, signed with the Minnesota Vikings that same year. During the '97 season he played one game for the team and was suspended from the league the following year for alleged steroid use.
Sapp took advantage of his size and went into MMA. He fought in promotions such as Pride FC, Strikeforce and One Fighting Championship. Sapp fought big name fighters such as Alexander Emelianenko and Antonio Nogueia.
Sapp also made appearances in movies like the "Longest Yard," and "Conan the Barbarian."
Ron Simmons
Simmons only lasted one season with the Cleveland Browns after being drafted in 1981.
Some of his accomplishments in the ring include being the first African-American WCW World Heavyweight Champion. During his career in the ring he was known as Faarooq and formed one half of the "Acolytes Protection Agency" (APA) alongside Bradshaw. Together they won the WWE Tag Team Championship.
Matt Mitrione
Had the New York Giants known that they had a fighter on their roster, maybe they would've thought twice about releasing Matt Mitrione.
Mitrione went undrafted for the NFL, but the New York Giants offered him a contract in 2002. He was later released in 2004 and went on to play briefly for the San Francisco 49ers that same season. He played for the Minnesota Vikings in 2005 and was released six weeks into the season.
Most Read
Mitrione then began training for an MMA career and participated in the UFC's reality show The Ultimate Fighter as a heavyweight. He lost in the quarter-finals, but was still able to sign with the UFC. His current record is 9-4 and faced off against big names such as Roy Nelson, Gabriel Gonzaga and Kimbo Slice.
Roman Reigns
Being part of a team named The Shield in wrestling was very fitting for a former defensive tackle in the NFL.
Before becoming one of the members of The Shield in the WWE, Leati Anoa'i went undrafted in the 2007 NFL Draft after being named first-team All-Atlantic Coast Conference at Georgia Tech. He went undrafted, but signed with the Minnesota Vikings and was released a month later. Anoa'i got a second chance with the Jacksonville Jaguars that same year, but was released less than a week later before the 2007 season started
His wrestling career started in 2010 and made his debut in 2012 as a member of The Shield and adopting the name Roman Reigns. After parting ways with the group he found success winning the Royal Rumble and fighting in WWE Heavyweight Championship title matches.


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First, check out some new photos of the camera (thanks to Cinescopophilia for the heads-up):
Recently the camera world has been pumping out one new innovation after the other. So, along with the Black Cinema Camera and the Digital Bolex there is another camera in the same space. The Chinese company KineRaw just recently started shipping their KineRAW Super 35mm edition within China. In addition, now they have begun taking pre-orders for their more compact version, the KinRaw-Mini 2K RAW, which has the identical sensor as it's larger sibling. It is missing out on a few features like dual SDD card slots and Cineform. However, they have a couple of different versions which may fill those gaps.
Here are the specs on the camera:
Super 35mm CMOS Sensor 12-bit Uncompressed CinemaDNG (Cineform is optional to a recorder they don't make yet) 2048 x 1080 // 1920 x 1080 // 1280 x 720 One 2.5″ SSD Slot ISO: 80-10,240 — Base of ISO 800 Dynamic Range: 11.5 Stops (up to 13 stops in log) Electronic Canon or Interchangeable Kinefinity Mount Monitoring: 720p with 2 HDMI Outputs No Fan or Phantom Power Audio Optional Handgrip with Battery Power Consumption: 8-10 Watts No On-board Monitor or LCD


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This listing is good for revision of any or all website copy as specified by the buyer. Due to the complex and varying nature of this product, please contact me directly to receive a custom quote.
As it is often the first thing your customers will see, having engaging and well-written website copy is essential to a successful business. With any sales endeavor, the first impression you leave on a potential customer will determine if they purchase your product. In the online world, your website may be the only face your company has, so don't leave the content of your website to chance.
Since every website will have different content, it is necessary to personally discuss and
plan the specifics of the order. As such, the details, requirements, and price of each order will be determined during this communication.
Once your order has been completed, it will be electronically sent to your specified email address in the format of either a Word document or PDF. Please state your preference at the time of your order; otherwise, it will be sent by default as a Word Document.


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The Gap
I've just completed my final block of training of 2017. It's crazy how fast the year has gone by. I don't know if this means that I am getting old, but, it feels like a year doesn't last nearly as long as it used to! Pretty much everything that I have done since I started sailing in 2009 has been centred on the 2020 Olympics. It is completely absurd for me to realize that we are already at 2018 and the Olympics are only 2.5 years away…
One of the coolest parts about pursing excellence – in anything, is that it requires you to always push your limits. The natural outcome of pushing your limits is that you discover new things. What I have been realizing more and more is that the developments that this pursuit pushes me to make extend far beyond just the technical aspects of racing a sailboat. There are a lot of examples of this, but there's one that stands out to me specifically. As I look back on 2017, it may be the most valuable lesson that I learned this year.
Without going into too much detail (that's what the last update was about), my performance at the world championships was a substantial failure relative to the goal that I had set for myself. I'm speaking from quite a lot of experience in saying that failing sucks, but it is a hazard of pushing your limits. When I look back at my sailing career, there is no question that my biggest developments and breakthroughs originate from my most painful failures. The worlds this year was no exception to that.
In the immediate analysis after the regatta, it was clear to me that the mental side had played a leading role in what went wrong. I was overly focused on outcomes and allowed that to take over everything else. I created all of this unnecessary pressure for myself, and I was trying so hard to achieve this result, and in the end things played out in the opposite way than I intented. This poor performance was the one that made me aware of the detrimental impact that my mindset was having on my performance, but looking back I can see that this played a role in all of the previous failures over the course of my sailing career.
Understanding this, and being aware of it was the first step in trying to improve on it. The real progress, however, is in learning to accept that there is an element of everything that lies outside of my control (still a work in progress…) No matter what you do, or how hard you try, you cannot guarantee an outcome. There will always be a gap between doing everything possible in your control, and the outcome that you want. Some consider it blind luck, others see it as something more meaningful in a bigger picture, either way, the breakthrough for me is in accepting that there will always be some aspect that is outside my control.
This acceptance is not complacency. I still believe that I need to do everything in my power to be successful and I am still very much driven by my main goal (which is absolutely an outcome goal) of winning a gold medal for Canada at the 2020 Olympics. I am starting to understand the balance of how these things fit together.
It remains to be seen what impact this new perspective will have on my sailing performance. Regardless, what I have learned extends beyond just sailing. So far, I have found that I am more happy and relaxed than in the past, and I have already found this to have a positive impact on my training.
Anyways, that's enough deep theories for one update! Training has ben going really well over the last two months, and I feel that I've made meaningful improvements on the areas that didn't go so well at the worlds. We spent one month training in Cadiz, and one month training in Gran Canaria. I was fortunate to have some top sailors training with me during this period – mainly Milivoj Dukic from Montenegro and Finn Lynch (more commonly known as Flinchy) from Ireland, and that helped to bring my sailing to a higher level. Also, I am very fortunate to have the wisdom of my coach Vasilij Zbogar guiding my program in the right direction.
Now I have two weeks off before I arrive to Miami in early January. I will be racing in the Fort Lauderdale OCR regatta as a warm-up, and then the Sailing World Cup Miami at the end of the month. 2018 will be a very big year as the Olympic Qualification process will begin with the World Championships this August. I'm looking forward to getting back on the start line with the best guys in the world to evaluate the progress that I have made and identify what areas we need to focus on to keep improving!
Wishing everyone a happy new year!!
Thanks for reading,


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Elections 2019
Melanie B invests in new TV venture
Washington, Mar 27 (ANI): Pop star Melanie B has decided to invest in a rather uncommon TV venture-a Brit channel that airs French flicks only.
It was after Mel B's husband Stephen Belafonte introduced her to foreign flicks that she decided to invest in U.K. TV station Sky CineMoi, which airs Gallic cinema around the clock.
Mel B is more than convinced that the Brit audiences will love the works of movie legends like Jean-Luc Godard, Francois Truffaut, and Claude Chabrol.
"This is a great opportunity to expand my business activities. It is a unique venture," Contactmusic quoted her as saying.
Meanwhile, she has already carved a niche for herself as TV celebrity in both America and Britain. (ANI)


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Today the Nova Scotia Legislature heard two special resolutions recognizing the work of Saint Mary's University.
The first recognition was for the Legal Information Society of Nova Scotia (LISNS) and four Saint Mary's students who built a digital prototype for them using open source software to support members of the public.
They were recognized by the Minister of Justice, Diana Whalen, for innovation in promoting access to justice for Nova Scotians.
- Ollando Brown – Bachelor of Commerce
- Tapiwa Munyanyi – Bachelor of Commerce
- Gilroy Gordon – Master of Science, Computing and Data Analytics
- Dominic Collie – Bachelor of Arts
The project came about thanks to a partnership initiated by the Co-Curricular Record and Career Services.
The second recognition was for the Sobey School of Business's important role as an asset to the academic and business communities, in particular for the leadership and initiative shown by being the first business school to undergo the Business School Impact System. The conclusions of this analysis are highlighted in the recently released Creating an Impact with Purpose, Sobey School of Business' First Impact Report.
The Minister of Business, Mark Furey, acknowledged Dean Patricia Bradshaw and congratulated the Sobey School of Business on its successes.


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No additional files, specification sheets, guides or documentation found for product.
Warranty: 3-month RTB
Full manufacturers warranty details are available at the manufacturers (Samsung) web site.
Unless otherwise specified Techbuy is normally your first point of contact for warranty related returns, further information
regarding our warranty policies and consumer guarantees is available on our policies and service & support pages.
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Epson S050100 Black Toner Cartridge - AL-C900/AL-C1900
Epson S050098 Magenta Toner Cartridge - AL-C900/C1900
Generic HDMI Male to HDMI Male Cable v1.3a - 1.8m
Brother LC-67BK Ink Cartridge - Black, 450 Pages - For DCP-385C/DCP-395CN - 2 Pack
Canon CART416M cartridge suitable for MF8050Cdn - Magenta
Canon CART416Y cartridge suitable for MF8050Cdn - Yellow
Canon CART416C cartridge suitable for MF8050Cdn - Cyan
Canon CART416BK cartridge suitable for MF8050Cdn - Black
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Buyer Beware:
The contaminating EM Radiation being addressed here is comprised of two (2) separate forms – E-Field & M-Field – with each having its own distinct properties and associated treatments uniquely fitted to them and being required for their amelioration. Knowing "which is which" is the fundamental key to their effective treatment, with solid knowledge, background and experience in dealing with them a prerequisite for achieving good results. TDSS' Bob Smith has had many years working in research & development in areas spanning high power (40KW) amplifier & switching power supply design, AC/DC power converter design and Broadcast Engineering, with special emphasis on remediation of such EM Radiation contamination.
A cursory review of other so-called "upgrade companies" will reveal, regardless of their claims to the contrary, significant shortcomings in this area of expertise. In at least in one instance TDSS has direct knowledge of this fact because at one time we received a previously "upgraded" switching power amplifier from a customer that required fundamental repair of the product's circuitry. After inspecting the unit we were able to observe the nature of the previously installed upgrades and despite the overall shoddy workmanship thereof, worse yet was the nature of the EM Radiation treatments. Proper treatment would/should have been based on amelioration of the primary E-Field Radiation resulting from the high-speed switching of high voltages within the unit – which is common to all Class-D power amplifiers.
Conversely, the treatments installed within the unit in question were comprised virtually of nothing other than M-Field treatments. "Ferrite Beads" were inserted in almost every accessible cable & wire, and in addition a type of "ferrite impregnated" tape was used to wrap every possible wire. Seeing that these treatments would have no appreciable affect on the true, dominant E-Field radiation, the entire effort was of minimal value for improving product performance. Worse yet, the addition of ferrite beads where not needed would only work to reduce amplifier performance because the added inductance thereof would serve to significantly limit the speed of current flow to the various sections of the amplifier. In the end, the customer did not receive the improvements that would have otherwise been possible, and may have actually suffered some degradation in performance. Certainly the aforementioned upgrade did nothing to improve amplifier stability because it did fail, with the need for repair thereof the reason it was sent to TDSS in the first place.
To add insult to injury, the customer paid 300% more to have this service performed over that which TDSS charges for the same (albeit far superior) service, and the provider did nothing to treat the micro-phonic noise/distortion problem whatsoever. Finally, due to the sloppy workmanship and unnecessary "spaghetti mess" of it all, TDSS was forced to return the unit to the customer without performing any repairs. This was because there was simply no way to disassemble the "kluge" of wires & tape and then restore it all to it's prior state after the repair – not to mention the excessive amount of work that would have been required to do so, even if it had been possible. Hopefully, the original upgrade service provider was able to facilitate repair as otherwise the customer would have been left with the equivalent of a very expensive "boat anchor."
The above scenario only serves to illustrate the point that the matter of EM Radiation amelioration is not a trivial science to be undertaken by the novice. The field is very complex such that insiders of the electronics industry often refer to it as more of a "black art" rather than a science. Simply knowing which wires to shield, how to shield them and which end to connect said shield to ground can be a very complex problem… and there are usually many such wires & cables to consider – not to mention all of the other issues that must be addressed. Furthermore, something as simple as connecting the wrong end of a shielded cable to ground can actually make matters worse, so one absolutely MUST have a very good knowledge and understanding of the field to be certain they are not doing more harm than good.
In light of the above, one would be well advised to research any such service provider before selecting them to provide any similar service to be sure that they really do know what they are doing. Anything less is nothing more than an expensive "hack job" assault being perpetrated on an innocent customer's expensive property.


text: Walk the Labyrinth at Istmo Retreat The labyrinth is often confused with a maze. Just the word alone makes one think of dead ends and no exit but actually once that first step is taken in a labyrinth, the path takes you to the center and back out again. A simplistic and powerful design.


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Adding or removing soil over tree roots can seriously damage them and jeopardize the health of the tree. Increasing the soil depth over tree roots changes the oxygen exchange between the roots and the soil surface, causing dieback of tree branches. Additional soil may also affect the permeability of water to the root system. Clay soils cause the most injury because the fine texture blocks the movement of air and water. Decreased oxygen levels are a common problem with clay soil additions of more than an inch. The deeper the fill the more marked is the damage. Up to several inches of gravelly or sandy soils may cause fewer problems since water and oxygen permeates them more readily. However, the addition of fill over existing soil will lead to a problem called lithologic discontinuity, layers of soil of differing textures. This condition will cause drainage, temperature and air exchange differences that may cause root problems in the existing soils. Slow warming of soil the next spring along with low oxygen levels may lead drought damage by mid summer. Diseases such as crown rot may develop if the trunks of certain tree species remain moist due to increased soil moisture retention.
Backfill around tree trunk at construction site.
Lowering the grade may be as disastrous as raising the grade around trees. Most tree roots occur within the top three feet of the surface and most of the feeder roots are within the top six inches. Lowering the grade around trees will lead to root loss due to removal of the small feeder roots that are present in the upper layers of soil. Soil removal will also expose the remaining feeder roots to higher or lower temperatures that may lead to root death. Severed and weakened roots will not be able to perform functions such as anchorage, water transport or nutrient absorption.
|Trees very sensitive
to grade changes
|Trees less sensitive to grade changes
|Trees least sensitive
to grade changes
|sugar maple, beech, dogwood, oak, tulip tree, pines, spruce
|birch, hickory, hemlock
|elm, poplar, willow, planetree, pin oak, locust


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Please join me at Indigo Dragon:
Indigo Dragon is proud to announce this creative meditation workshop where the magic itself happens WHILE drawing.
A brilliant visual meditation, with Sarah Tomlinson, one of the few Americans trained to teach this material in the West. As with asana, pranayama and meditation, Yantra Painting alters the internal landscape, changes the vibratory content of one's being and can bring about profound healing.
This is a rare occasion to spend time focused on the beauty and precision of line and color while experiencing the transformative effects of this ancient practice. Sarah Tomlinson studied with Harish Johari, one of India's great Yantra Masters, until his death.
You will have a beautiful Yantra to take home and meditate upon to achieve the goals you have.
Bring; Yourself, your eyes (glasses for close work if necessary), snacks and a beverage,
Bring an assortment of coloring pencils and pens.
Paper and drawing supplies will be provided.
A folder or hard surface to lean on and to carry your Yantra home with you.
Paper for Yantras will be 12" x 12" for the largest size.
Space is limited to 8. Please pre-register at the link below.


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|Present Cabinet
Cabinet of the 15th Parliament
President of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
His Excellency Maithripala Sirisena
|Head of the CABINET of Ministers
Minister of Defence
Minister of Mahaweli Development and Environment
|Prime Minister of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Hon. Ranil Wickremesinghe
Minister of National Policies, Economic Affairs, Resettlement & Rehabilitation, Northern Province Development and Youth Affairs
Other Cabinet Ministers
|Hon. John Amarathunga
|Minister of Tourism Development, Wildlife and Christian Religious Affairs
|Hon. Gamini Jayawickrema Perera
|Minister of Buddhasasana & Wayamba Development
|Hon. Mangala Samaraweera
|Minister of Finance
|Hon. Lakshman Kiriella
|Minister of Public Enterprise, Kandyan Heritage and Kandy Development
|Hon. Rauff Hakeem
|Minister of City Planning, Water Supply and Higher Education
|Hon. Thilak Marapana
|Minister of Foreign Affairs
|Hon.(Dr) Rajitha Senaratne
|Minister of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine
|Hon. Ravi Karunanayake
|Minister of Power, Energy and Business Development
|Hon. Vajira Abeywardena
|Minister of Internal & Home Affairs and Provincial Councils & Local Government
|Hon. Rishad Bathiudeen
|Minister of Industry & Commerce, Resettlement of Protracted Displaced Persons, Co-operative Development and Vocational Training & Skills Development
|Hon. Patali Champika Ranawaka
|Minister of Megapolis & Western Development
|Hon. Navin Dissanayake
|Minister of Plantation Industries
|Hon. P. Harison
|Minister of Agriculture, Rural Economic Affairs, Irrigation and Fisheries & Aquatic Resources Development
|Hon. Kabir Hashim
|Minister of Highways & Road Development and Petroleum Resources Development
|Hon. Ranjith Madduma Bandara
|Minister of Ministry of Public Administration, Disaster Management and Livestock Development
|Hon. Gayantha Karunathilaka
|Minister of Lands and Parliamentary Reforms
|Hon. Sajith Premadasa
|Minister of Housing, Construction and Cultural Affairs
|Hon. Arjuna Ranatunga
|Minister of Transport & Civil Aviation
|Hon. U. Palani Digambaram
|Minister of Hill Country New Villages, Infrastructure and Community Development
|Hon. (Mrs.) Chandrani Bandara
|Minister of Women & Child Affairs and Dry Zone Development
|Hon. (Mrs.) Thalatha Atukorala
|Minister of Justice & Prison Reforms
|Hon. Akila Viraj Kariyawasam
|Minister of Education
|Hon. M.H.A. Haleem
|Minister of Postal Services & Muslim Religious Affairs
|Hon. Sagala Ratnayake
|Minister of Ports & Shipping & Southern Development
|Hon. Harin Fernando
|Minister of Telecommunication, Foreign Employment and Sports
|Hon. Mano Ganesan
|Minister of National Integration, Official Languages, Socil Progress and Hindu Religious Affairs
|Hon. Daya Gamage
|Minister of Primary Industries and Social Empowerment
|Hon. Malik Samarawickrema
|Minister of Development Strategies and International Trade


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Prevent Mishaps Large or small
Puppies arrive full of love and trust, looking to you — their new parent! — to teach, love, and protect them.
Start with immunity
Mama Dog begins protecting her pups with maternal antibodies at birth. "Passive immunity is passed through milk colostrum within the first 24 hours, lasting a short time," explains Katie Brooks of Tanasbourne Veterinary Emergency (TVE). As that protection wanes, vaccines are given to stimulate active immunity to protect from disease. Without vaccines a new pup is vulnerable to diseases that can be very costly to treat and even life threatening. No puppy should suffer from preventable disease; if you notice your puppy isn't acting normally, see your vet immediately.
Safe spaces
Behavior training is important for puppies' success in their environment. Mama dogs teach their pups behavior almost from the start, and it's your job to pick up where she left off. "Training can begin quite early," explains Amélie Rivaleau DVM, also of TVE. "The best period for puppies to learn is prior to 16 weeks of age. Most people obtain puppies at 6-8 weeks, which leaves a decent amount of time for training at home. Unfortunately, this coincides with the period when puppies cannot be in public/communal areas, but thankfully, they can learn well from older, vaccinated dogs about appropriate play behavior. Check out sites like Victoria Stillwell's to educate yourself about things you can do at home to nurture a happy, confident, well-mannered dog."
Fun and learning
When it comes to toys, shop for puppy like you would a baby. No small parts or pieces that may break off and be swallowed. Long foreign bodies, such as string, can lodge in the intestines. "If you see your pup swallow a string, don't wait on it!" Rivaleau says. "Get to the vet!" Surgeries to remove foreign bodies are one of the most common at TVE. Toys can be a great training tool for a teething or mouthy puppy. Chew toys recommended by Lisa Davis, CVT VTS at VCA North Portland Veterinary Hospital include rubber balls, Nylabones (Gumma bone only), Jolly Pets balls, Greenies, Dentabones, and Kong toys.
Everything goes in their mouths!
Keep anything potentially harmful out of reach, and stay aware. Knowing their whereabouts goes beyond the "it's too quiet in here — they must be up to something." The speed with which puppies will eat anything dropped or left within reach is often underestimated by the humans. Ingestion of drugs and harmful foods frequently land puppies in an emergency hospital. If your pet ever ingests something you are concerned about, contact your vet immediately, or the Pet Poison resources at the end of this article.
Falls are a serious hazard — from windows, decks, and even someone's arms. L for places a fall could occur and be vigilant in protecting them. Puppies are also often (unintentionally) injured by humans — accidentally getting kicked or stepped on, bumped by moving furniture (even as seemingly innocuous as a kitchen chair), or a closing door. Puppies love to be near their people, so they're often underfoot.
While accidents happen, most are preventable. Taking precautions before and after bringing a new little one home can greatly reduce the risks and increase the odds for a happy, injury-free life for your new best friend.
Tanasbourne Veterinary Emergency * tanasbourneveter.com * 503-629-5800
VCA North Portland Veterinary Hospital * vcahospitals.com/north-portland * 503-285-0462
ASPCA Poison Control Center * Aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control * - Open 24/7, Charges may apply * 888-426-4435
Pet Poison Helpline * Petpoisonhelpline.com * Open 24/7, Charges may apply * 855-764-7661
Christy Caballero writes from the heart about all things pet-related, from a couple deer trails off the beaten path, typically juggling a cat (or two) on her lap as black kitty AsTar teeters on her shoulder and Mojo the retired Greyhound quietly calls for reinforcements!!


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some info for the jewelry folks
I just talked about being back in the saddle and now I am not feeling well again. Please cross your fingers I am not getting sick for the second time in 2011! I have waaaaaay too much to get done to be messing around with a cold again!
Even though I don't feel great and this is actually the second time I am writing this blog- darn computers- I still wanted to share a little something with you this glorious Monday. And that is a great jewelry website called www.jewelrymakingdaily.com.
My Mom is always looking out for me and sent me a link to a blog featured on this website- thanks Mom! This is great stuff people, so while you are bored at work and you are counting the seconds till you can leave your little cubical and till it is finally Friday once again. Pretend like you are working and go to this site to check out all of the great info available. If any of this interests you, another really, really great jewelry website is www.ganoksin.com, excellent, excellent site.
Remember we are now one day closer to Friday.:)