text:
Venue: Council Chamber - Guildhall, Swansea. View directions
Contact: Democratic Services - 636824
Disclosures of Personal and Prejudicial Interests.
The Chief Legal Officer
gave advice regarding the potential personal and prejudicial interests that
Councillors and / Officers may have on the agenda.
The Head of Democratic
Services reminded Councillors and Officers that the
"Disclosures of Personal and
Prejudicial Interests" sheet should only be completed if the Councillor /
Officer actually had an interest to declare. Nil returns were not required.
Councillors and Officers were also informed that any declarable interest must
be made orally and in writing on the sheet.
In accordance with the
provisions of the Code of Conduct adopted by the City and County of Swansea the
following interests were declared:
1) Councillor D W Helliwell declared a
Personal Interest in Minute 29 "Notice of Motion – Home Farm".
2) Councillors A M Day, R
Francis-Davies, L S Gibbard, P K Jones, E T Kirchner, A S Lewis, W G Lewis, P
Lloyd, C L Philpott, C Richards, D G Sullivan, M Sykes, G J Tanner, L V Walton
and T M White declared a Personal Interest in Minute 30 "Statutory Pension Age".
Minutes. PDF 192 KB
To approve
& sign the Minutes of the previous meeting(s) as a correct record.
Additional documents:
Resolved that the following Minutes be approved and
signed as a correct record:
Annual Meeting of Council held on 9 May
Ceremonial Meeting of Council held on 17 May
Ceremonial Meeting of Council held on 12
June 2019 subject to Councillor A M Day being added to the list of apologies.
Written Responses to Questions asked at the Last Ordinary Meeting of Council - None.
There were no written
responses to questions asked at the last Ordinary Meeting of Council.
Announcements of the Presiding Member.
Webcasting of
The Presiding Member stated that as part of the ongoing works to enable
Webcasting of Council, Cabinet, Planning Committee and the Scrutiny Programme
Committee, the Meeting was being recorded.
Wales' best in the Federation of Master
Builders' (FMB) Master Builder Awards
Presiding Member congratulated Lynsey Davies of
Building Services for being named Wales' best in the Federation of Master
Builders' Master Builder Awards 2019. Lynsey will be entered into the National FMB awards on 20
September 2019. Ifan
Glyn, Director of FMB Cymru, said "Lynsey is a shining example
of how commitment, dedication and determination can achieve results and we wish
her luck in the national final."
Davies was present to receive her award.
Queen's Birthday Honours 2019
Citizens of Swansea and / or People with Links to
Swansea who received awards in the Queen's Birthday Honours.
Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Derek Vaughan, MEP Member of the European
Parliament for Wales. For political and
public service.
Member of the Order of the British Empire
Gerallt Bowen Davies National Operations Officer
Wales, St John Ambulance. For services to First Aid provision in Wales.
(Swansea, West Glamorgan)
Pamela Christine Evans Founder and Director, Peace
Mala. For services to the Promotion of Peace and Interfaith Understanding.
(Morriston, Swansea)
Karen Margaret MacKinnon For services to the Arts.
(Swansea Council's Glynn Vivian
Art Gallery Curator). (Brynmill, Swansea)
Michael Clive Norman. Volunteer
and Founder Member Penllergare Valley Woods. For
services to Welsh Heritage.
Empire Medal (BEM)
Ian Kevin Jenkins. Caseworker, Driver and Vehicle
Licensing Agency. For public and community service in Swansea. (Swansea)
Brian Thomas Sullivan. Known as Brian Quinlan on stage. For services
to charity and the Performing Arts. (Swansea).
Corrections /
Amendments to the Council Summons
Minute 27 "Councillors'
Questions" – Question 7
Add Councillor I E Mann to the names of those
submitting the question.
Minute 29 "Notice of Motion – Home Farm"
Add Councillor I E Mann P N May to the names
of those submitting the motion.
Announcements of the Leader of the Council.
Amendments to the Cabinet Portfolios
The Deputy Leader of the Council reported
that the following amendments had been made to the Cabinet Portfolios:
Transformation & Performance
Equalities & Diversity
Commercial Services
Communities (People - Lead)
Adult Lifelong Learning
Swansea - A Human Rights City
Joint Consultative Committee (JCC) (Lead)
& Infrastructure Management
Fleet Renewal & Maintenance
Parks & Cleansing
Public Transport
& Energy
Green Fleet Transport & Green Vehicle
He also stated that the Head of Democratic
Services would email all Councillors the updated list of Cabinet Portfolios and
would update the Council Constitution.
Welcome back Phil Roberts
(Chief Executive)
The Deputy Leader of the Council welcomed Phil
Roberts (Chief Executive) back following a period of illness. He also thanked Jack Straw for acting as the
Interim Chief Executive during that period.
Local Government
Reorganisation Update
The Deputy Leader of the Council provided an update
on Local Government Reorganisation. He stated
that a further Group was to be established to look at the issue and that they
were due to feedback in October 2019.
Great Western Powerhouse -
The Deputy Leader of the Council stated that the
Leader of the Council would be attending a meeting in London in July relating
to the possibility of creating a Great Western Powerhouse.
Potential Development
Opportunity Along Foreshore
The Deputy Leader of the Council stated that
following the recent Prior Information Notice (PIN) in relation to potential
development opportunities along the foreshore, the Leader of the Council,
having listened to the feedback had decided not to proceed with any development
in the area of the West Cross Inn.
Swansea @ 50
The Deputy Leader of the Council referred to a
number of current and forthcoming events linked with Swansea celebrating its 50th
anniversary as a City. Swansea was made
a City on 3 July 1969.
He referred to the Street Party currently being
held by the Sandfields Community on St Helen's Road; the visit of the Princess
of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall to the Patti Pavilion, Victoria Park and
Tabernacle Chapel, Morriston on 5 July 2019 and the Wales Air Show - Swansea Bay
being held on 6 & 7 July 2019.
Public Questions.
Questions must relate to matters on the open part of the
Agenda of the meeting and will be dealt with in a 10 minute period.
number of questions were asked by members of the public relating to Minute 28
"Notice of Motion – Climate Emergency".
The relevant Cabinet Member responded accordingly. No questions required a written response.
Presentation - None.
No Public Presentations were
Honorary Freedom of the City & County of Swansea to Catherine Zeta Jones. PDF 105 KB
The Leader of the Council submitted a report, which considered
conferring Honorary Freedom of the City & County of Swansea on Catherine Zeta
Catherine Zeta Jones CBE was born in Swansea and is a
multi-award winning actress whose talents range from theatre to film. She began her career on the stage in London
before becoming a TV star in the popular adaptation of H E Bates "The Darling
Buds of May". She won an Academy Award
for her portrayal of Velma Kelly in the screen adaptation of the Broadway
musical "Chicago".
She has also been nominated for a Golden Globe and won the
Critics' Choice Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award and a BAFTA for Best
Supporting Actress for her performance.
Catherine has also had starring roles in the films "Ocean's 12, The Mask
of Zorro, Entrapment and The Terminal".
During her career Catherine has been an ambassador for Swansea and has
worked with a number of charities.
Resolved that:
Honorary Freedom of the City & County of
Swansea be granted to Catherine Zeta Jones;
A Ceremonial
Council meeting be held on 24 July 2019 to confer the title of Honorary
Membership of Committees. PDF 94 KB
The Business Transformation & Performance
Cabinet Member submitted a report which sought Council approval to the
nominations / amendments to the membership of Council Bodies. He also added some amendments to the report.
He referred to the report stating that the Leader of
the Council had also made changes to the Authority's Member Champions as
outlined below:
Armed Forces
Member Champion
Remove Councillor J E Burtonshaw.
Add Councillor W G Lewis.
Standing Advisory
Council on Religious Education (SACRE)
Remove Councillor W Evans.
Add Labour Vacancy.
Resolved that the membership of the
Council Bodies listed below be amended as follows:
Audit Committee
Remove Councillor W G Thomas.
Add Councillor D W Helliwell.
Poverty Reduction
Policy Development Committee
Remove Councillor G J Tanner.
Add Councillor K M Roberts.
Scrutiny Programme
Add Councillor J A Hale.
Parenting Board
Add Councillor S Pritchard.
Armed Forces
Community Covenant Panel
Councillors' Questions. PDF 109 KB
Part A 'Supplementary
Six (6) Part A
'Supplementary Questions' were submitted.
The relevant Cabinet Member(s) responded by way of written answers
contained in the Council Summons.
Those supplementary
question(s) required a written response are shown below:
Question 4. Councillor P M Black asked:
"Will the Cabinet Member give an assurance that there would be a transparent
line in the budget setting out the maintenance amount for all to see?"
The Environment &
Infrastructure Management Cabinet Member stated that he would discuss the issue
with the Section 151 Officer and provide a written response.
2) Part
B 'Questions not requiring Supplementary Questions'
Two (2) Part B 'Questions
not requiring Supplementary Questions' were submitted.
Notice of Motion - Climate Emergency. PDF 127 KB
Proposed by
Councillor P K Jones and Seconded by Councillor M Sherwood.
The motion reads:
"This Council notes the recent conclusion of
an interim report from scientists on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) that every effort must be made to prevent the continuing average global
temperature rise exceeding 1.5C above pre-industrial levels. However, such an increase could, with present
government policies, be reached as early as 2030, with further increases in the
decades thereafter. Such a scale of
temperature rise threatens both human civilisation and all other life forms on
the planet, with drastic disruption of agriculture, and the loss of terrestrial
and marine wildlife habitats. We
recognise that throughout the world, already, species of plants and animals are
becoming extinct in record numbers; coral reefs, which are fundamental to
marine life are dying; small island nations and coastal cities are threatened
by sea level rise from the melting of polar ice sheets; the human death toll
from adverse weather events – such as excess cold, excess heat, hurricane,
flood – is increasing.
We note the activism of young people
throughout the world, expressing their feeling of disempowerment in this situation
and asking the decision-makers of today to take urgent action to protect their
We acknowledge that globally, the actions
required to address climate change effectively rest with national governments
and require international collaboration, but there is still important work that
local councils can do.
We recognise the recent history of this
council in aiming to do its utmost to reduce carbon emissions, enhance
biodiversity, and secure a prosperous, low-carbon economy for our region. We are proud of the actions taken by Swansea
Council to date which include:
The City
& County of Swansea Pension Fund is one of the first Pension Fund's in the
UK to adopt an Environmental, Social & Governance policy which commits the
pension fund to reduce its already low exposure to carbon based fossil fuel
investments by up to 50% over the next 4 years. In doing so, it accepts that
investing in new green energy, infrastructure and socially responsible
investments offers the best sustainable financial return for members of the
pension fund over the long term. Progress is reported on an annual basis.
21,053 street lights to LED, reducing CO2 year on year by 2,198,608.49kg.
an annual Clean Air Roadshow to stimulate public uptake in electric vehicles
and promote improving air quality.
insulation and energy efficiency measures to benefit tenants of our council
Welsh & UK Government campaigns and programmes to increase energy
efficiency amongst private tenants and home owners, reducing fuel poverty and
reducing emissions.
for the electrification of the railway line from Swansea to London.
work towards a world-leading Tidal Lagoon, supporting community-owned renewable
energy schemes, like SCEES, to deliver clean energy and benefit local schools
and community buildings.
with others nationally to urge Welsh Government to develop electric car
charging infrastructure.
leaders of good practice in Wales through having Sustainable Development
policies and approaches pre-dating the Well-Being of Future Generations Act.
incorporating care for the natural environment into our corporate plan as a new
priority, recognizing the hugely important contribution made by the extensive
work of our Nature Conservation Team.
the first council housing in a generation here in Swansea to Passivhaus
standard, and begun building new council housing to a super-energy-efficient
"Swansea Standard" that will enable all components to be procured locally and
reducing emissions using solar battery storage and air source heat pumps.
innovation in construction for flagship projects such as Pentrehafod School,
showcasing waste minimization and sustainability.
investment for innovative green technology, such as "Homes as Power Stations",
as part of the City Region Deal.
to seek opportunities to add to our corporate fleet of Electric Vehicles, which
is already the largest in Wales.
to deliver on our Carbon Reduction strategy: 42% reduction in emissions since
our baseline year.
funding for a vast increase in Active Travel (walking and cycling) routes
throughout the county and supported Swansea University's community cycle
Becoming an
Anti-Fracking Local Authority in 2016, having passed a motion to "oppose any
unconventional gas development (fracking)" which also committed us to working
towards being a fossil fuel free local authority by 2025.
agile working so that our workforce may reduce unnecessary travel.
local procurement practices to reduce our carbon footprint.
Education, we are early joiners of the international EcoSchools
programmes which encourages schools to promote recycling and reduce energy and
water consumption.
our Foundation Phase learning pupils to learn outdoors ensuring a respect for
nature, biodiversity and eco-systems.
At KS4,
developing partnerships with our Universities to establish STEM workshops
including the impact of climate change.
We recognise the importance of working
closely with researchers in order to have the latest knowledge and the clearest
understanding about what we can do to respond to the urgent need to address
climate change.
This Council therefore declares climate
emergency, and calls upon the government of the United Kingdom to do the same.
We commit to:
Call upon
the UK and Welsh governments to provide us with the necessary powers and
resources to ensure Swansea becomes carbon neutral by 2030.
climate emergency and promote a greater awareness of the truth of climate
change amongst the local population.
Work with
relevant experts in research and development to:
Review our
current strategies and action plans for addressing climate change.
any further policy changes or actions which we could undertake, within the
scope of our powers and resources, to meet the challenge of climate emergency.
Seek the
help of local partners such as Swansea University and other research bodies to,
within one year, produce a report to share with the community, explaining work
already underway and achievements already made, as well as targets for the
Update on
further work undertaken by the Council in this area on an annual basis through
the Council Annual Review of Performance Report section on corporate objective
- Maintaining and enhancing Swansea's natural resources and
Resolved that the Notice of Motion outlined above be adopted.
Note: Councillor W G Thomas asked:
"I note the excellent work carried out by
the Council in relation to building energy efficient homes and its impact on
reducing carbon. What can we do to
improve those aspects in Council premises and Offices?"
The Homes &
Energy Cabinet Member sated that a written response would be provided.
Notice of Motion - Home Farm. PDF 91 KB
Proposed by
Councillor A M Day and Seconded by Councillor C L Philpott.
"We note that the
Cabinet has authorised the publication of Prior Information Notices (PIN) in respect
of a number of sites owned by the Council. We note the suggestion that Home
Farm, located within Singleton Park, is one of the sites listed on the
Sell2Wales websites.
We further note that the
description states that the Council is seeking partners 'to maximise site value
and in securing developers profits from market led residential, commercial and
mixed use proposals..' and that the PIN continues:
Home Farm, Singleton Park -
Currently a 42 unit scheme potentially including 20% affordable housing
supported by Planning Pre-Application response.
We note the Council's financial
difficulties but Home Farm which is located within Swansea's showcase park
should not be exploited for financial reward.
We note the considerable public
concern about the proposal, specifically the encroachment of residential
developments into the City's largest public park, the potential loss of access
to some of the City's most historical buildings, the increase in traffic from
such a development and the lack of segregation of pedestrian and vehicular
traffic and the problems of access and egress to the site onto Sketty Lane.
In light of this and the recent
formation of the Friends of Singleton Park Group, we call upon the Cabinet to
have the widest possible discussions around other suitable and appropriate uses
for Home Farm which are consistent with its location."
Councillor C E Lloyd Proposed
an amended motion which was Seconded by Councillor M
Thomas. On being put to the votes, the
amended Motion was accepted and became the substantive motion.
The amended motion
"We note Cabinet has authorised the
publication of Prior Information Notices (PIN) in respect of a number of sites
owned by the Council. We note the suggestion that Home Farm is one of the sites
listed on the Sell2Wales Websites.
We further note that the description states
that the Council is seeking partners "to maximise site value and in securing
developers profits from market led residential, commercial and mixed use
proposals…" and that the PIN continues:
Home Farm Singleton Park – Currently a 42
unit scheme potentially including 20% affordable housing supported by Planning
Pre-Application response.
Council notes initial feedback from
residents following publication of the PIN and the recent formation of the
Friends of Singleton Park Group. It therefore calls upon Cabinet to have the
widest possible discussions around other suitable and appropriate uses for Home
Farm Depot, which are consistent with its location.
We request the Leader to set up a cross
party working group to consider viable options for the repurposing of the Home
Farm Depot which should report to Cabinet within the next 6 months."
Resolved that the amended Notice of Motion as outlined above be adopted.
Notice of Motion - Statutory Pension Age. PDF 92 KB
Proposed by
Councillor L S Gibbard and Seconded by Councillor C E Lloyd.
"This Council notes
the previous motion passed in December 2016 which called upon the Government to
make fair transitional state pension arrangements for 1950s women who have unfairly
borne the burden of the increase to the Statutory Pension Age with a complete
lack of notification and believes it is appalling that the government has still
not acted on behalf of the 15,000 Swansea women affected by their actions.
We further note the
judicial review hearing at the High Court which took place on the 5th
and 6th of June 2019 and eagerly await the outcome of the case.
This Council requests
that the Leader writes to the Prime Minister and the Secretary of State for
Work and Pensions to outline Swansea Council's continuing support for the women
campaigning against state pension inequality."


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A project to use up trimmings of beeswax and other parts of a beehive frame sent to Nordic Food Lab by a Spanish beekeper. He removed it from the hive as part of a strategy in apiculture that can mitigate the impact of the Varroa mite, which some believe contributes to Colony Collapse Disorder. The butter is sweet from the honey, both bitter and sour from the fermented pollen, and has the aroma of beeswax, made unmistakeable by a month of eating food infused with it. I seasoned it with about 0.5% salt. I made two batches, of which the other I brought to London from Copenhagen and have frozen. Based on this one, and the extra ageing, I can't imagine what the new one will taste like, but will almost certainly be trying it on some pancakes.
An attempt to drain chunks of beeswax of the cream they have been infusing in for the last 36 hours, using the suction created by a chamber vacuum. First the pressure in the chamber drops and the cream boils at near 0 degrees celsius, de-aerating it. Then the pressure returns, dramatically altering the bubbling brew of honey, wax, cream and pollen, and dragging a little of the cream from the chambers of the beeswax
A Danish honeycomb and in the second picture, pollen fermented by the bees that lived inside it. Very hard to procure (given to the Nordic Food Lab by a beekeeper) and without much known about it, it is one of the most delicious things I have ever eaten. It has a complex taste which, as you eat it, transforms from sweetness to bitterness to the sour tang of lactic fermentation, and it's texture is somehow sticky, moist, powdery and dry all at the same time, with a pleasant resistance. Totally compelling

subset: commoncrawl


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|Caplis, James J.
|Memorial Panel #:
|District / Unit:
|Detective Division - Area 3
|End of Watch:
|21 December 1931
|Incident Details:
|James J. Caplis, 31, was assigned to the Detective Division.
On December 21, 1931, Detective Caplis was fatally wounded when a gang of armed robbers entered the Chinese restaurant he was dining in on the 800 West block of Wilson Avenue. Members of the "42 Gang" entered the restaurant with their weapons drawn and ordered restaurant patrons to stand up against a wall. Detective Caplis was unaware that members of the gang were in the restaurant posing as customers. The officer distanced himself from the customers and shot at one of the armed robbers. Detective Caplis was shot by one of the bandits and carried to Lakeview Hospital by a dozen citizens. He succumbed to his injuries at Lakeview Hospital
Hurlon Burlison was sentenced to 50 years in prison. Frank Freeman was sentenced to 99 years in prison. Nick Bruno was sentenced to 20 years in prison. Tony Pape was sentenced to 14 years in prison. Dorothy Evans and Marcella Royce turned state's evidence and were freed.
Detective Caplis' funeral mass was held at Our Lady of Sorrows Church and he was laid to rest in Calvary Cemetery. He was survived by his parents and his sister, Mrs. Edward [Nellie] Flood.


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Chloe Martini
Artist Bio
Unbelievably, female producers are still a rarity in 2018.
But 23 year-old Producer/DJ Chloe Martini, raised in Warsaw and now based in London, loves nothing more than breaking music industry norms.
"People often have perceptions of what a music producer should be and a woman isn't one of the first things that comes to mind. I've never let that deter me from doing what I love or staying focused on my career. I've always been happy to be individual – I follow my own path in life and also in the music I produce."
As a self-taught producer and musician, it was her huge remixes of tracks by Sia, Sinead Harnett, Anne-Marie, RÜFÜS, Janelle Monae and Pusha T that swiftly brought her onto the radar of established DJs and artists including Annie Mac and Snakehips, who she went on to support on tour.
DJ'ing has always been a passion, alongside her own headline tours, she's played at some of Europe's largest festivals including Klangfabrik, NowaMusic, Bestival, Open'er and Way Out.
Chloe's debut EP saw huge praise from the likes of Annie Mac, DJ Target, MistaJam and Jamz Supernova as well as tastemakers such as The 405 & Majestic Casual. Her tracks amassed millions of streams and brought her to the attention of Red Bull's Music Academy, who flew her to Montreal to work with other young talent as well as one of her heroes Kaytranda.
Chloe returned with her sophomore project 'Never Twice The Same' featuring vocals from some of the UK's hottest female artists including Anne-Marie, Chiara Hunter, Vanessa White and BB Diamond.
Now you can find Chloe in the studio working on her next EP, as well as working on projects with Rejjie Snow, Shay Lia, ABRA, VanJess and Daley.


text:
Sarah Pacini
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text:
A red rag and a toreador came sweeping on the stage.
Many people came to see the sword hit a deadly blow to the bull that was bred to live in rage.
It was the old story of the animal against the human intelligence to enslave and the bull's weakness of a Red rag and the movement of the blade
The bull though is just a reflection of the human attitude to behave when an adversary comes along to use side and favour but not a level playing field just like life he made
Instrumental is the crowd roaring to defeating what cannot be saved and the toreador of course takes his unearned wage
This is life to me well portrayed as the blood of the bull drips down his neck but yet unwilling to give up his only purpose is to kill for he is truly un-caged
At the end of the show the toreador takes his bow as the bull is there to remind us that we as people are the slaves of our own identity as the crowd shouts and waves.
Reflective musings about Animal Gentle thoughts about Fight Honest poems on Human behaviour
Have something to say about the poem?


text:
Hey there readers, I'd like to welcome you to the path of peace and enlightenment, where today I'm going to be talking, not fighting, about the event that just was, Kung Pow Quahog. After 4 weeks and endless rounds of kung fu fighting it's all over but for the poll, and that's where we will find out if this event saw you savouring the sweet taste of victory or saw you feeling like you'd been knocked out for the count.
Now I've been having fun doing these reviews for quite a few events now, but want to add a bit of info here to clear up something that has appeared in comments, namely where the commenters wrongly state I only get so far in events due to getting free clams from Bunny and/or TinyCo. Let me clear that up quickly, I get NO free clams from either Bunny or TinyCo, I play the game the way most addicts do, I earn free clams through gameplay or I buy them. And I have absolutely NO link to TinyCo out with any contact through my in-game support when I have a glitch or issue. I hope that clears up any confusion over this.
The event certainly started with all the pressure on TinyCo, as the previous events had not gone down well, they were crippled by problem drops, poor execution and glitches galore. TinyCo really had to pull an event out of the bag, or they would be committing mobile app Hari-Kari. and you know what I think they did just that with Kung Pow Quahog. As much as I've no particular interest in martial artists or fighting games, I thoroughly enjoyed myself over the 4 phases of the event.
Right from the start we saw content pulled from the TV Show, we saw Walking Joe, Dojo Peter, the return of Mr Washee Washee, Yogi Fighter Brian and lots of Karate Kid content.
I was also glad to see this was a 4 week event, I couldn't have faced anything longer after what had gone down in the Quahog's Not So Silent Night event, but on the other hand neither did I want to see another mini-event with too much content to collect in too little time. So this seemed like a nice middle ground.
This event, from the start, also looked like fun, and I hoped that would continue as we started to play through the initial phase. And it did, I immediately saw improvements in the event that kept the fun factor going, Dojo Peter's drops were good and the premium character costumes such as Walking Joe, would be a massive help in progress. So straight away two things we've been wanted delivered, better drops and better value for premium purchases. So despite the fighting theme, there seemed to be a renewed peace and calm all around us.
I said peace and calm guys, not peace and clam, but hey I'll take either. As it appears TinyCo had reacted positively to the outpouring of despair over Quahog's Not So Silent Night, Best of 2016 & Road To Bollywood, the terrible trio of events that saw players fingers hovering over the uninstall button.
I admit when I initially read the next event was martial arts related I was quite relaxed as having no great interest in it, I thought that's my clam stash safe, not going spend anything on this event. But that changed when I saw Tai-Jitsu Lois, surely one of the best character costumes released to date. I dropped clams on her quicker than you can say Kill Bill, however there was a twist to my purchase which I'll take more about later. So here I was unexpectedly playing a hybrid of freemium/premium again for an event that I didn't think would float my boat.
So it really wasn't long before I was happily Kung Fu Fighting, and enjoying the event immensely. From the start as I said it was obvious TinyCo had made changes as Dojo Peter wasn't a grind to unlock, and most of the new characters were freemium unlockables, whereas premium was concentrated around costumes. So I knew my character count was going to grow. And in the end that's exactly what happened as I successfully completed the event unlocking all the freemium content, but I will be honest as always I played a lot. I'm lucky my work commitments have never seen me separated from my mobile so I can drop in and out my game during the day, and as I'm a member of insomniacs anonymous, I also drop in and out during the night. So I can play more than most, but it's good to see that putting in the time is once again as successful as putting in your dime. For a while there pay or play, had become pay or pay!
But I am delighted that TinyCo are showing they hear what we're saying, the results of our recent polls and comments made it clear to them they were facing a player exodus if something didn't change. This event shows that although they are often slow to respond that they are listening. We saw a 4 week event, full of new characters and costumes. And we also saw the return of some popular old characters, Giant Chicken, Mr Washee Washee and M Miyagi. I believe this shows they want to re-engage with the Community and keep improving the game.
A 4 week event with no major gridlock in the earliest phases, this allowed players to move along, now I'm not saying everyone moved at the same pace, some were slower to get through the 2nd phase, which was probably the toughest and time hungry as usual, or delayed moving on to the next phase to build up resources, but for once this delay of progress was mostly down to the amount time you could put in or player choice and not a gridlock that meant they couldn't move on. Yes fight contracts delayed play a little but it didn't derail the entire event. And for many moving slowly through the phases paid off as the final Phase wasn't content heavy, so if you weren't bothered about defeating Killer Kung Pow Giant Chicken 8 times, you could use the final week to simply finish up things like unlocking the Golden Dragon.
More Family Guy TV show linked content. Walking Joe, the Karate Kid characters and more have all featured on the show. And the return of one of the best characters ever, Mr Washee Washee. Bing – Bong!!! The buildings and decorations were another top job by the animators, it's a real shame the work these guys put out is sometimes lost into our inventories due to space and memory issues. And these fab looking buildings etc are why I've been trying to do some Show-Off posts.
I felt the task lengths for drops and frequency of drops were good, it was possible to constantly keep giving offerings to the Golden Dragon at the lower levels. In the Road to Bollywood event low offering drops saw most unable to attack the Ganesha boss, this saw less than 20% of players unlock Ganesha, and even then many of those spent clams to do so. Only 2% of players actually unlocked Ganesha freemium by the original end date of the event. That is a damning figure, and I'm looking forward to seeing how many unlocked the Golden Dragon character in this event. I predict the figure will be much, much higher. And it's when we see improvements like this, it makes all our polls and comment gathering worth it.
With regards to gameplay it was good to see less characters have multiple tasks for different drop items, I know there was still some crossover but that will always happen as core characters that were unlocked in the early Districts are used in events to allow newer players to join in. I really think TinyCo got the balance better in this event, the only early concern was over Fight Contract drops, when Phase 2 threatened to slow down due to a lack of these, but TinyCo responded in the phases that followed by adding more options to get these. Other items essential to fighting in the battle arena were always drops, so all that work to get them always paid off.
What did I like, well we got mostly characters as freemium unlocks and not costumes. Yes,a couple were timed, I'll moan about that later believe me, but if you were looking for an event to increase your character count this was it. Including the returning characters there was an opportunity to add up to 8 characters in our games. And the likes or Mr Miyagi was previously a premium character, and now if we really worked our socks off, we could get him for free. And complete a FaceSpace set with Daniel & Johnny. Few free clams always welcome. Nice move TinyCo. And I know some players get upset when previous premiums are offered freemium, but I've no issue with that, usually they aren't easy to pick up freemium and players need to really work for them.
Special mention to the character of the event for me, Golden Dragon, fantastic addition to the event and well worth working to unlock. And of course to the Character Costume of the event, Tai-Jitsu Lois, probably one of, if not the best costumes yet.
Also premium character costumes purchases were very, very useful during the event, more so than in previous events, so for those willing to spend clans at least you were getting a bit better value, something you've all been asking for. I purchased Tai- Jitsu Lois and flew through Phase 2 due to having her, in other events premium characters/costumes have hardly helped. But I will moan about the cost of these costumes soon, don't say you weren't warned there will be moans ahead.
And although I didn't benefit from it there was the happy glitch that saw many get Giant Chicken into their games at last. Now let's hope TinyCo pop him in Tan Lines for everyone else who still wants him.
For the most everything you needed to do in each phase was spelt out early by simply moving through the first few parts of the main Questline but there was an issue in placing the timed characters as a task early in a couple of the Questlines. But I'll talk more about that later. The final week wasn't content heavy which allowed those who move at a slower pace to get there or decide not to bother and concentrate on the Golden Dragon. Also the Ramen Cart Exchanges were set up better than in previous events, old items could still be used in conjunction with the new phases material, meaning you needed less of it to get exchanges going once moving from one phase to another.
They seem to be taking on board issues that derailed previous events, and mixing it up a bit. Yes we've seen the fighting in a previous event but it was made easier this time round, it's obvious TinyCo had tweaked a few things after feedback from the Superhero event last year. And for me characters that were needed for fighting were for the most part kept off any long drop duties, only the odd crossover there, which let the event flow well.
Good see this back again, please keep these sets going. They add a little glint to the game when you complete a set.
There has been definite improvements again in this area, the meltdown in the previous events seemed to see cracks in the support again, but they seemed to have recovered. In fact this recovery started at the end of the Bollywood event when we saw many comments, from those who complained they'd spent clams to speed up tasks before the late extension, saying they were compensated by TinyCo. And this good service seemed to continue as a glitch in the Questline, regarding clearing nerds, in this event saw support react positively, replacing the Fight Contracts used up back in affected players games, and there was a genuine apology for information in the FAQ regarding Tai-Jitsu Lois being misleading. However there is still an over reliance on sending standard responses to players when there is a high volume support issue, which at times either appears to ignore players concerns or miss the nature of their complaint completely.
Now before you accuse me of being too nice to TinyCo there are a few problem areas that still seem raise their ugly heads event after event.
It's no mystery what my feelings on Mystery Boxes are, I continue to despair at the way TinyCo implements Mystery Boxes in events. Yes, I know we don't need to buy them but anyone who saw Bunny's results on the Sensei Stewie Mystery box will know exactly why I feel so strongly that the way these are set up is wrong. In case you didn't read the post, it took Bunny 28 attempts at The Sensei Stewie mystery box to win the top prize, Ninja Stewie . At 150 clams a pop, that was 4200 clams to get the costume. Not even TinyCo can defend stats like that, it leaves a very sour taste in the mouth just typing about it now. So my gripes are still the same, 150 clams is an outrageous cost, the odds are ridiculous, repetitive materials need to go, and better content in the boxes is needed overall. If I could compare it to the recent Tapped Out Valentine mystery box, which got things perfect, 60 donuts a shot, and full of characters and premium buildings which all cost more than 60 donuts when originally available. And even although you might not win what you want you still got something of donut value. And players were very happy to see this mystery box over there with an outpouring of positive comments, here the FGQFS mystery boxes only bring about negative comments.
The cost of these is way too high, costing the same or more than a full character is silly pricing.
Still not getting this right, wrong info continues in the game FAQ, although the general info has improved. I guess I should scream at them to get it right but then why would you need us, so I'll just mention it quietly here.
Now the dialogue and tasks were fantastic, no issues at all there, but what I do find troublesome is a character with a timer being essential to completing an early part of a phases Main Questline. I'm talking about Daniel LaRusso & Johnny Lawrence here. As completing these parts saw people miss fact the characters were timed, if you must do it please put a warning on the task that it will start a timer.
Apart from that my main gripe in this event was the amount of side Questlines that built up due to Bonnie being needed for most of them, yet she was uber busy collecting Fight Contracts.
Also please bring in a reward for completing the final Phase Questline, 10 clams or so, an incentive to finish it.
The weekly challenges were once again toned down at first, and the early ones were achievable for all players but they again dropped a horrid surprise in the final challenge which made getting the full set extremely tough.
So fellow addicts, that's some of my thoughts, I think you can see I personally think in this event TinyCo got a lot right but I want to stress they are just my thoughts, they in no way reflect what Bunny or Lotty felt about the event.
Anyway that's my ramblings, now I want you to tell me your thoughts. Cause I honestly love to hear them. But please don't turn this into a What the Deuce post by releasing your fists of fury in the comments as Bunny will put my head on the karate chopping board if you do. Please give us your feedback and thoughts in a calm zen way. Tell us what you like, don't like? What you'd like to see more of, what you'd like to see less off. What your thoughts on this 4 week event? Share with us everything and anything you think would improve FGQFS, as TinyCo do read this blog and of course Bunny also takes your feedback to TinyCo. And if you can please take a minute to complete the end of event poll at the end of this post I'd be very grateful. Please note for those that experience the jump glitch when answering poll questions, there's a direct link at the bottom of the page that will help you avoid this problem, just keep scrolling to the bottom.
And just incase you can't see the poll or find it jumps about when you're trying answer, here's the direct link:
~ Russian Tigger


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Donal Sutherland is a young man who wishes to help the Inquisition any way he can. He can be found on the second floor of the Herald's Rest tavern in Skyhold.
Involvement Edit
Sutherland comes to the Inquisition having witnessed bandits stalking its patrols. He warns the Inquisitor of the danger and offers to help. Through the war table operation New to the Crew: A Young Hopeful, the Inquisitor can accept the help, or simply use Sutherland's information to stop the bandits with their own forces. If Sutherland was used to dispose of the bandits, he recruits an elven mage named Voth to join him. At this point, the Inquisitor can encourage Sutherland to continue his training, or advise him to leave.
The Inquisition is approached to provide patrols in the area, but since resources are scarce, it is suggested that Sutherland and Voth take care of it, if Sutherland was encouraged to stay on. The Inquisitor can task them with A Patrol for the Crew. Following that, Shayd, a human archer, will join Sutherland's crew.
Hearing of Sutherland acting in the name of Inquisition, Ser Morris requests that Inquisition equips them for the sake of keeping up appearances. The Inquisitor can choose between light, medium, or heavy armour. Sutherland will love any set of armour. At this point he will flirt with Shayd.
Whilst on patrol, the crew notices some darkspawn, but Lord Presmond-Als, to whom the lands belong to, demands compensation for Inquisition's forces marching through to attack the darkspawn. The Inquisitor can decide whether to pay the Lord and send Sutherland in, send Sutherland on his own without addressing the Lord, or dispose of the the Lord's soldiers and then send Sutherland through. Either way, Sutherland and Company defeat the darkspawn. The Inquisitor can see Sutherland at the tavern for an update upon his return.
During their adventures, Sutherland made contact with the Mining caste of Orzammar. The caste makes a request of Sutherland to rescue a missing expedition. Following the rescue of the miners, Sutherland and Company are hailed A Crew of Ambassadors. This time, the crew does not return to Skyhold, and instead they stay out in the field, becoming A Crew of Adventurers. They request that the Inquisition lets them follow some leads of possible profit on their own. The Inquisitor can either leave them to their devices, offer them Inquisition contacts, or ensure safe passage through whichever lands they need to traverse. The company succeeds, spreading the word of the Inquisition to the masses.
When the Inquisitor attempts to see the company at Herald's Rest, they are instead met by Sutherland's runner, Rat. Rat informs the Inquisitor that Sutherland has gone missing, and hands the Inquisitor the map of their last adventure. The Inquisition can offer the job to some volunteers, the Inquisition soldiers can flush them out, or the situation can be announced as a hunt in hopes local nobles will take up the challenge. Either way, the Inquisition finds the crew at the Storm Coast, fighting darkspawn. The Inquisitor personally steps in to help the crew to fight off the darkspawn.
Sometime over the course of their missions, Sutherland and Shayd start a romantic relationship.
By now, Sutherland has become known as reliable and his company is getting contracts left and right. The Inquisition has to decide how to use this newfound increase in interest in its interests. They can either expand on trade, enter diplomacy with the neighbouring lands, or strengthen the already established connections.
Once Sutherland and Company become known as A Company of Heroes, when approached by the Inquisitor, Sutherland will offer the Inquisitor money to cover up the cost of training them. The Inquisitor can accept, they can tell Sutherland to keep the money, or to sponsor another company just like them.
The Inquisitor can interact with Sutherland one last time. This time, Sutherland informs the Inquisitor that the company has plans to leave and find a keep of their own, though they will remain "an adventuring company of the Inquisition".
Quests Edit
To obtain each quest, Sutherland must be spoken to in the tavern.
New to the Crew: A Young Hopeful (Part I)
A Patrol for the Crew (Part II)
Outfitting the Crew (Part III)
A Test of Mettle and the Crew (Part IV)
A Crew of Ambassadors (Part V)
A Crew of Adventurers (Part VI)
Sutherland and Company Missing (Part VII)
Sutherland and Company Missing
A Company of Heroes (Part VIII)
Gallery Edit
Trivia Edit
- He signs one of his letters as D. Sutherland. In the Magekiller comics, his name is revealed to be Donal.
Game File Edit
Sutherland is described in the Game Files thusly:
"CharacterName : Crew Warrior Sutherland
CharacterDescription : A young, strapping blue collar kid. Farm boy but a quick learner. He goes from naive to seasoned as part of his arc."


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Tengu Bard CR 5
Female tengu bard 6
CE Medium humanoid (tengu)
Init +2; Senses low-light vision; Perception +9
AC 16, touch 13, flat-footed 14 (+3 armor, +1 deflection, +2 Dex)
hp 30 (6d8)
Fort +2, Ref +7, Will +6; +4 vs. bardic performance, language-dependent, and sonic
Speed 30 ft.
Melee kukri +3 (1d4-1/18–20), bite +3 (1d3–1)
Ranged +1 pepperbox pistol +7 (1d8+1/x4)
Special Attacks bardic performance 17 rounds/day (countersong, distraction, fascinate [DC 16], inspire competence +2, inspire courage +2, suggestion [DC 16])
Bard Spells Known (CL 6th; concentration +9)
2nd (4/day)—alter self, babble (DC 16), cacophonous call (DC 16), minor image (DC 16)
1st (5/day)—chord of shards (DC 14), disguise self, silent image (DC 15), ventriloquism (DC 15)
0 (at will)—detect magic, flare (DC 13), ghost sound (DC 14), message, prestidigitation (DC 13), read magic
Before Combat A tengu bard casts babble to debilitate the most imposing warrior facing her, then attempts to fascinate someone with her bardic performance so she can use suggestion to turn them into a temporary ally. Thereafter, she uses her wand of summon swarm to harass enemy spellcasters, then casts cacophonous call or initiates a bardic performance to inspire courage and generate a chord of shards before closing with her kukri.
Morale If reduced to less than 10 hp, a tengu bard reads her scroll of invisibility and seeks to escape.
Str 8, Dex 15, Con 10, Int 14, Wis 12, Cha 16
Base Atk +4; CMB +3; CMD 16
Feats Deadly Aim, Spell Focus (enchantment), Spell Focus (illusion)
Skills Acrobatics +11, Appraise +11, Bluff +12, Climb +5, Diplomacy +12, Linguistics +6, Perception +9, Perform (oratory) +12, Perform (sing) +9, Sense Motive +7, Spellcraft +11, Stealth +4, Use Magic Device +12; Racial Modifiers +4 Linguistics, +2 Perception, +2 Stealth
Languages Common, Gnoll, Tengu
SQ bardic knowledge +3, gifted linguist, lore master 1/day, versatile performance (oratory, sing)
Combat Gear alchemist's fire (2), scrolls of cure moderate wounds (2), scroll of invisibility, smokesticks (2), tanglefoot bags (2), wand of summon swarm (18 charges); Other Gear masterwork omniweave armor, kukri, +1 pepperbox pistol with 24 metal cartridges, antitoxin (2), ring of protection +1, spyglass, two amethysts and three sapphires (each worth 100 gp), 24 gp.
Alien Codex © 2018, Legendary Games; Lead Designer: Jason Nelson. Authors: Anthony Adam, Kate Baker, John Bennet, Eytan Bernstein, Robert Brookes, Russ Brown, Duan Byrd, Paris Crenshaw, Jeff Dahl, Robyn Fields, Joel Flank, Matt Goodall, Robert J. Grady, Jim Groves, Steven T. Helt, Thurston Hillman, Tim Hitchcock, Nick Hite, Daniel Hunt, Mike Kimmel Marshall, Isabelle Lee, Jeff Lee, Lyz Liddell, Jason Nelson, Richard Pett, Tom Phillips, Jeff Provine, Alistair J. Rigg, Alex Riggs, Wendall Roy, Mike Shel, Neil Spicer, Todd Stewart, Russ Taylor, Rachel Ventura, Mike Welham, George Loki Williams, Scott Young.


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These healthy, 21 Day Fix approved stuffed apples are topped with a sweet cinnamon-peanut butter sauce for the perfect finishing touch on this simple dessert.
Hey guys! So this is my last post before Halloween and I have to admit I'm getting pretty excited 🙂 I love me some Halloween. The girls both have Halloween parties on Friday and because of the times when they'll be having them, I actually get to attend both! I made some grab bags for my youngest's preschool class, picked up some juice boxes for both and I'm ready to go! Is it weird that I really enjoyed putting those grab bags together? I'd love to say that I went all Pinterest-Mom and planned an awesome Halloween punch or something super-crafty, but alas, that didn't happen, so juice boxes and store-bought goodies it is! There's always next year, right?
Do your kids bring home more Halloween candy than could possibly be eaten like ours do? I'm usually never quite sure what to do with all of the excess, but this year I received an email from my dentist saying that if we bring in a bag of candy, they would not only send it to troops overseas, but also give us a $5 gift card. So freaking awesome. I would have been happy to do it for nothing, but I'm even happier to do it for $5 😉 There are some kinds of candy that we don't let the girls have, mainly hard candy and gummies (the teeth-sticking stuff) because oral health is important (and maybe because I was once scolded by their dentist, but that's neither here nor there) and this will be a great way to get rid of that stuff plus whatever else doesn't get eaten in a reasonable amount of time.
Even though I'm obviously a relatively health-conscious person and parent, one debate my husband and I have never had is whether or not to let them have their candy. I have so many great memories from Halloween of my little sister and I, sitting on the floor with a crap ton of candy all around us, sorting and bargaining with each other that I could never keep that from them. We do have a Halloween candy policy, though. On Halloween night, we basically let them go nuts (within reason, sort of) because, like I said, that's happy memory type stuff. However, after Halloween, we definitely limit things. Usually one piece in the lunchbox and two pieces for "dessert" after dinner. I'm telling you, they get so much stinking candy, that things could really get out of hand if we didn't watch to some extent. What do you guys do with your kids' Halloween candy? I'm really curious!
Anyway, let's get to these apples… Have you ever made stuffed apples in the slow cooker before? I hadn't until recently, and I had no idea what I was missing! These little babies are basically apple pie without the guilt. Seriously. They're pretty fantastic and the best part is, they take very little sugar to taste that way. Plus, they take a heck of a lot * less time to put together with very little work. And that sauce? Swoon! That delicious sauce turns these already amazing apples into dessert 🙂
I had decided to give these a go because I was wanting to make another healthy Halloween treat and I thought that I could carve some adorable jack-o-lantern faces into them, which I did. I enjoyed them so much though, that I could not possibly relegate these just to Halloween, only coming once a year, they are definitely going to be on the regular rotation at my house. They're so convenient to have on hand… perfect for breakfast, a snack or dessert (though for breakfast or a snack, I leave off the sweet sauce). Sometimes I'll have them all on there own for breakfast, or sometimes I'll use them to top some cinnamon-laced oats (overnight or otherwise)… and they are absolute heaven! And hey, just because I leave the sauce off in the morning, doesn't mean you have to! If you're feeling like a morning treat, I say go for it!
A quick note: The size of your apples is a big variable here. The first time that I made these, the amount of filling that I used was exactly perfect for the six small apples that I had. However, when I made this recipe again for these pictures, the apples were slightly smaller and I actually had quite a bit of filling left over. The container count for the entire filling recipe is 2 Blues and 3 tsp syrup. So if you're able to fill 8 apples, each one (not counting the sauce) would count as 1 Purple, 1/4 Blue and 1/3 tsp maple syrup. I have 6 apples in this recipe, but my monster of a crockpot could have easily fit 8 (it's 7 quarts!).
*Just wanted to share that while I was typing this post, google gave me a suggestion to use alot instead of a lot. Alot is not a word, people. You wouldn't write alittle, would you?! Come on, Google, get it together!
Happy Halloween!
If you make this recipe be sure to snap a pic and tag me @thefoodieandthefix on Instagram so I can check it out! It makes me ridiculously happy to see what you guys are making 🙂
21 Day Fix Container Counts per Serving: 1 PURPLE, 1/3 BLUE, 1 TSP, 1 tsp maple syrup Weight Watchers Freestyle Points: 4 points with PB Sauce; 2 points without As an Amazon Associate and member of other affiliate programs, I earn from qualifying purchases.
Slow-Cooker Pecan-Stuffed Apples with Cinnamon-Peanut Butter Sauce
Cinnamon-Peanut Butter Sauce:
Recommended Products
Nutrition Information:
Yield: 6
Serving Size: 1 stuffed apple and 1 1/4 tsp sauce
Amount Per Serving: Calories: 151 Total Fat: 8g
21 Day Fix Container Counts per Serving: 1 PURPLE, 1/3 BLUE, 1 TSP, 1 tsp maple syrup
Weight Watchers Freestyle Points: 4 points with PB Sauce; 2 points without
As an Amazon Associate and member of other affiliate programs, I earn from qualifying purchases.


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SYDNEY ISAACS 19th February 2018 On the 24th of January odds were defied at Ouseburn farm in Newcastle as Lamby the ewe gave birth to
Stan Calvert is undoubtedly the most anticipated competition for sports teams from both Newcastle and Northumbria Universities. Excitem
The final Sunday of the 2017 Stan Calvert Cup sees Sport Central host water polo action with three fixtures throughout the day. Northum


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Graphic design and branding are two industries that go hand in hand. If you are a business owner looking for effective packaging design, you may need graphic design for a business logo, or you may look to graphic design for a marketing materials. Whatever, the need is, graphic design is a necessary part of advertising your product. If you are looking for graphic design companies in California, Lien Design is a premier company that can help get your branding on the right track.
Branding is heavily reliant on the use of visuals. The shape and color of your logo can make you unique and recognizable to your customers. A good graphic designer can help you achieve that goal, but it is also important that they understand some basics about the business they are working for and the products that business is selling. This research will help represent the product in a relevant way that will appeal to their target audience.
The way graphic design is used in branding may not be limited to ad creation and a custom logo designer. It can encompass many aspects of a business including business cards, web site design, letterhead design, custom design packaging, copywriting, slogans, research and marketing. Graphic designers may be asked to focus on one, or many aspects of these kinds of business representation when they are asked to work with a company.
Although branding and graphic design are similar, it is important to know the difference between the two. Branding is the most important part of an entity. It is what represents the company to its customers and any inconsistency in the presentation of that image can bring a sense of uncertainty in how that brand comes across. It can result in a negative connotation of the company that may be difficult for the business to overcome.
Graphic design is the process of bringing the company image to light by expressing its general message in visual form. Graphic design must put an emphasis on the brand which might mean making creative ideas secondary. It may mean rejecting a flashy logo for something that's a bit more practical so that it better relates to a business's customer base.
Every company that is looking to promote their brand may need graphic logo and packaging design help at some point. It's important for both businesses and graphic designers to understand in what ways the two industries can work hand in hand and what it takes for there to be a successful relationship between the two. Lien Design is a San Diego company that works in both graphic design and branding, and understands how the industries can work together in a successful manner. They will see to it that your product's branding and design is a unique and relatable representation of your company.
Written by ©2017 Lien Design


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The current season rankings are available in the downloads section – or you can find them here.
View All Events
wildwater racingFollow
Race times and start lists can be found on the ICF website - https://t.co/z3GPkA5GgU
World Champs opening ceremony is completed. Tomorrow is time to race!
GB Team is on the ground in Banja Luka - getting ready for opening ceremony on Wednesday and racing on Thursday.
An opportunity to add your weekend's training to Go Paddling
We want to get 10,000 people across the UK paddling!
Find out more and register your paddle between 25 May - 2 June for prizes! #TakeTime
➡ https://t.co/VpUmt1oqx1
GB Team selections are now up on the WWR website https://t.co/KCIYGtZj9A. Congratulations to all selected.
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We welcome feedback on the website.
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Polk Jr. helps Pepperdine past Pacific 61-53 in WCC tourney
LAS VEGAS (AP) Darryl Polk Jr. came off the bench to score 15 points to lead Pepperdine to a 61-53 win over Pacific in the first round of the West Coast Conference Tourney on Thursday night.
Pepperdine (14-17) advances to play Loyola Marymount on Friday.
Colbey Ross had 14 points for Pepperdine. Jade Smith added 10 points. Victor Ohia Obioha had four blocks for Pepperdine.


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Meaning: To sit and slide your leg.
Mandala: Muzhumandi, Garuda mandala
Hasta's: Shikara, Pataka, Alapadma, Katakamukha
Solkattu: Tangida Tatta Dhinna
1. Sarikkal adavu
Both hands in Shikhara held in front of the chest. Sit in Muzhumandi
Tangida: Small jump on your toes
Tatta Dhinna: Slide your right leg sideways (into sideways garuda mandala), while your right hand is in Pataka stretched forwards, torso facing left. Left hand remains in front of the chest in Shikhara.
Repeat on left
2. Sarikkal adavu
Start with first Sarikkal adavu.
Tangida: Come back on to Muzhumandi, Left arm stretched out, left hand in Katakamukha, right arm stretched downwards,right hand in Alapadama
Tatta Dhinna: Slide your right leg backwards (into backwards garuda mandala), while your right arm is stretched above your head, hand in Katakamukha, with your back arched.
Repeat on left


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January 18, 2019 - Celebrating Jeff Lowe Pt. 2
Fridays at Three with Jimmy and Mark
Fridays at Three with Jimmy and Mark is an eclectic mix of music, first-person narrative, and interviews with the community. This live show and soon to be podcast, is about the Upper Arkansas River Valley community, the people who aren't often heard, and the topics and interviews that you want to hear. Drop us an email at firstname.lastname@example.com and let us know if you know someone we should interview or if you'd like to be on the show!
An Evening Celebrating Jeff Lowe, Connie Self, Rob Dubin, Garna, Mountain Climbing, Film, Metanoia
Important Links:
Information about the event at A Church in Salida, CO
Several Articles on Jeff Lowe in Rock & Ice Magazine
Join GARNA, Salida Mountain Sports, and Metanoia producer and manager Connie Self for the Salida premier of "Metanoia", a film event showcasing Jeff Lowe's unparalleled solo climb of the north face of the Eiger. Rock and Ice Magazine called Jeff Lowe "the greatest Alpinist of a Generation", other's referred to him as the "most accomplished and most important climber in North American History." Jeff pioneered a mind boggling 1,000 first ascents before spending the last years of his life in a wheel chair with a disease similar to ALS. Jeff passed away on August 24, 2018. Featuring a bonus short of a 1978 American ascent of Ama Dablam by Jeff Lowe, Tom Frost and local climber and filmmaker Rob Dubin. Come celebrate outdoor adventure and the life of Jeff Lowe with Connie Self and Rob Dubin, who will be on-hand for a Q & A session after the features. Tickets are available for online purchase below, or at Salida Mountain Sports.
ALSO CHECK OUT Part 1 at https://gopfca.com/fridays-at-three-archives/jeff-lowe-segment-january-11-2019


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Orbit South Housing Association is inviting contractors to bid for a 21 lot repair and maintenance contract worth a total of £287 million over 10 years.
The contract, which has an optional extension of a further five years, covers work on properties across 51 local authority areas in the South East and East including Brighton & Hove, Canterbury, Barnet, Hammersmith & Fulham, and Ipswich.
Work to be carried out under various lots, which are divided geographically and by job category, includes responsive repairs, electrical testing, refurbishment of kitchen and bathrooms, and central heating installations.
Contractors can bid for one or more lots and have until 18 June to submit pre-qualification questionnaires.
Between five and 15 firms will be invited to tender across the lots.


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Build Dates: May 22-23, 2015
Family Information:
Father- Constantino
- Age 23
- Profession: Gas Station
- Weekly: $90
Mother- Estefania
- Age 23
- Profession: Stay at Home Mom
- Weekly Salary: -
- Jesus Emanuel, age 4
- Cristian Daniel, age 2
Property Information:
Colonia - Cumbres
Time with property - 1 year
Letter From the Family:
This is why we are in need of YWAM's help;
We are living with my husband's parents. We share practically everything. For example our beds; some of us are sleeping on the couches. The truth is that our space is very small. We have used almost all of our income to get a piece of land so we haven't been able to start construction. Our monthly income goes out to things like the land, electricity, water bill, or the cost of diapers, etc.. The truth is that this money doesn't cover all our needs.
If we are selected for a Homes of Hope it would be a huge help because we want to have our own space to have our own things. To have a house where we can raise my children and have our own home.
Thank you for your understanding and support
Cruz Acosta Family.


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Last Saturday, as I was heading out to the grocery store, I noticed, out of the blue, a vague prickly feeling, accompanied by a side of shame.
Maybe I was run-down, too exhausted to sidestep my direct experience, but I sat in my car, put my hand on my chest and allowed whatever was there to be there: Something in me wanted acknowledgment, and I felt ashamed for wanting it.
The shame was like a warning: Stay back 100 feet.
Once I could accept the shame, I could accept what it was blocking: a longing for acknowledgment. The desire for recognition was just there. I hadn't created it. It wasn't personal. "Hello," I said, and the dam of shame released, and there I was, holding space for this part that wanted to be seen.
I see you.
There was no judgment. No trying to achieve something worthy of acknowledgment. Just an allowing of the desire for acknowledgment to be there without believing the story that I would die if I didn't get it. So simple really. But that simple truth brought tears.
Connecting through a tree
I drove on to the grocery store, and there in the lobby sat a potted tree, a Norfolk Island Pine, $24.99—and it was talking to me, saying, "You know you want me."
And I did! I lifted the tree and set it in my cart. It was so big, I could barely see through its spiky branches as I made my way through the crowded store. I felt ridiculous, but not enough to put the tree back.
"My, what a pretty tree," a woman by the bananas said.
I wasn't sure how to respond. "Thank you?" I said.
On the next aisle, a man with two kids in his cart said, "Whoa! Get a load of that tree. It's like two trees in one!"
"It is, isn't it?" I asked, smiling.
Another woman in a fleece jacket came around the corner. I almost clipped her with my cart. "That tree is amazing! It's like two, no, three trees! Wow!"
"I know!" I said, giggling. This happened at least five or six more times, people stopping to admire and acknowledge my tree. I was starting to wonder if I was dreaming.
As I was leaving the store, heading back through the lobby, a well-dressed woman stopped and pointed straight at me, her gold bracelets jingling. "I am so glad you got that tree," she said.
"Me too!" I said. "It called to me."
"Yes!" she said. "It's a great tree. It's wonderful."
I laughed. What else could I do?
That will be the last acknowledgment of the day, I thought, as I wheeled the cart through the parking lot, but no. An older man with white hair and a large nose pointed at the tree and said, "You've got yourself a mighty pretty Christmas tree."
I couldn't really talk by this point, so I just nodded, smiled and waved.
No one will believe this story, I thought, driving home. But it didn't really matter if anyone believed it, because the experience was for me. The universe was showing me that when I acknowledge what is happening
Allowing myself to admit my longing for recognition enabled me to see and delight in the recognition that was all around me.
The Bo tree
I don't believe that
When we recognize what we need, we can more easily recognize what we are. It wasn't just the tree that people were raving about. It was me. I was the tree, I am the tree. We are, all of us, the tree. The Bo tree. The divine tree. The tree of life that never dies.
The opposite of life, as Eckhart Tolle tells us, is not death. The opposite of death is birth. There is no opposite of life. Life is eternal. Evergreen.
The gift of our own attention is a powerful thing: It gives and gives and gives.
«RELATED READ» CO-CREATE WITH THE SOUL: Magic happens when we release limiting beliefs»


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This song/video by Holly & I, asks an essential question about our active relationship to humanity and nature.
There is always something better than our "every day selves" that tries to offer good guidance and ultimately protect us from making really bad decisions for ourselves, or for others, humanity and nature. It can be simply common sense, general integrity, a state of kindness (hopefully not greed or vengeance), a teaching like; "Do unto others," or "Treat your neighbor as yourself." What or who do we follow, as individuals, for this kind of guidance? For a follower of a religion it can be a principle, their own Lord or God.
While respecting ones chosen guide I ask the question that I will admit, was inspired by watching a friend. He expresses great love for his chosen guide but clearly is not following the guidance. Originally the song was; "Who is your Lord?" But my inner guide told me this was not too kind. LOL! So Holly and I personalized it and asked "ourselves" the question, and lightened it up with Holly's cartoons. The question is ours. The answer is yours. :-)
The great ones (inside and outside) express great teachings that bond us together and with nature. The action point in this song hopes that we all follow these teachings that bring only good into the world and apply them to every aspect of our lives including how we empower others.
But as my dear friend Dr. L. Subramaniam says: "Though you can't change minds with words, you can get to people's hearts with song." Enjoy the song. :-) Your own Cousin Corky and Holly too!
Other Action Points
Stay in touch via my newsletter and email - social media is no longer going to do it for us.
Buy a signed copy of my new album for your home and for your friends and support my work or get it free or almost free from the internet - I don't care I just want you to have it
Enjoy my one page political post that offers a healthy perspective and good action points


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Kathy Plomer - Say My Name
We were so happy to help Kathy Plomer win by a landslide in her campaign to serve on the Board of Education in the Adams 12 district of Colorado. We wrote the script for this vignette, recorded Kathy's VO while on vacation, and knocked out the animation in a few hours using Adobe's Character Animator, and After Effects. We designed her logo and created a style guide for her last campaign 4 years ago. Her district is lucky to have her.


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Mitsubishi Electric Video Wall Solutions are the preferred choice of many specialist systems integrators, consultants and end-users for their performance, longevity, reliability and ease of maintenance in mission-critical applications like utility control rooms, power stations, traffic control centres and crisis management suites. The excellent screen uniformity and performance also makes Display Wall Systems a popular choice with broadcasters, in both in-vision and broadcast monitoring roles.
One of the first manufacturers to introduce video wall cubes using DLP™ technology in 1997, Mitsubishi Electric has a long history and extensive experience in the production of display wall systems. Their popularity continues to grow among customers and partners, with more than 78,000 display wall installations in countries around the world to date.
Mitsubishi has selected DVAI as their Canadian partner to design, deploy and manage their Display Systems, Controllers, and Software. Mitsubishi's video walls are truly enterprise-grade quality adopted by end-users who demand true 24/7 performance and picture quality.


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This is how a community member described the event:
"Thanks for the invite for tonight. It was great. I learned so much about the services that are offered. It is a very different approach to mental health and recovery than I had envisioned. I loved being able to hear about the variety and depth of care offered. The table handouts were powerful. I also loved the stories. That is what touched me the most. I think it was amazing to hear an employee story as well, even if it wasn't planned. It was perfect. I also loved the Q and A part at the end. The last part was impactful when the lady (staff member Stephanie Prejean) spoke about the philosophy of each person being an expert on his/her story (life) and each journey being unique. It sets Meridian apart as client/student focused. I gained a better understanding that Meridian helps empower people to reach their goals and life purpose, not necessary what the doctor sees as "normal behavior." I gained wisdom but also expanded my heart for those just trying to build back their lives in a healthy way. What you are all doing is so important!"
We enjoyed beautiful music from Dave Desmelick!


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Full English Post has announced that they worked closely with director Chistelle de Castro and IMG | LENS on the post-production audio for American beauty brand Sally Hansen's new ad campaign.Read More
For this month's post on The Pub I thought I'd bring it back to basics and explain exactly what it is that I do. A lot of friends, family and first-time acquaintances assume I do 'something in the music industry'. While there is music in the work I do, I rarely work anywhere near the music industry! This article will discuss what sound design is, the tools and processes involved and how sound designers contribute to the final stages of content creation.Read More


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Ongoing or Rolling Asset Audits
Periodical Audits or Stocktakes Over a Select Time
Now that the initial physical asset is wrapped up and you have a complete and accurate asset register, how are you going to maintain it?
Ongoing asset additions and disposals need to be managed and Reduxo are pleased to offer this service. The benefits of ongoing asset audits can be described as follows:
Having accurate data available:
- To make ongoing financial decisions on assets
- To know where assets are so they can be utilised
- To ensure all assets are maintained for compliance
- To keep Finance and operational departments such as IT and Facilities aligned.
What are Rolling Audits?
We will maintain your asset register including barcoding (optional) of "new" assets and verifying existing assets. Reduxo will provide a tablet and barcode scanner and the service will include the following:
- Onsite every 2 months to barcode new assets
- Onsite every 2 months to audit assets by area. A plan will be created to ensure each area will be visited over 36 months.
This means instead of one big all consuming asset audit project every few years, we will continually audit or as we say provide a rolling audit.
We have crunched the numbers.......based on audits we have completed and comparing those costs to the ongoing rolling audit cost, the average savings is 30%.
If you have your own mobility audit tool then we are happy to utilise it, this will ensure data is updated directly or alternatively we will supply the data in an agreed format such as Excel to upload into your solutions. Either way, it is all about have an accurate asset register that is always up to date.
Make plans and budget based on accurate asset data.
Prefer to Talk Directly? Want to know more about our Asset Audit Service? Contact Us:


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Be fully rewarded
Here at Certainest, we pride ourselves on having dedicated staff, all committed to making our clients products and projects a success. Our team is full of fresh, creative thinkers who are enthusiastic and passionate about contributing new ideas to the world of application development and IT in general.
We foster a work culture of collaboration, problem solving and team building. Through the years we have maintained a start-up culture with a fun environment to promote creativity among all workers and encourage the overlap of technical, creative and business teams to learn from each other.
Terrific salary packages
Generous vacation allowance
Dedicated education allowance that you decide how it's used
Excellent insurances
Excellent retirement planning
Connection to the best assignments in western Sweden
Real support if you have a side project (related to your work in some way)
A real career plan which includes certifications and professional qualifications
Be more than a consultant, if you wish we actively seek your involvement in the business
Get connected to excellent colleagues with diverse skills and experiences
What we're looking for
We are looking for bright individuals who consider software development more of a passion than a career. Someone who finds the challenge of staying up-to-date fun rather than troublesome.
Certainest value personal skills equal to technical skills, you must be equally capable of being a member of a team, working alone or leading from the front. You must be able to inspire, discuss, teach and learn from others.
How we reward
Certainest is one of the very few companies in the market that are truly independent. We are not owned by another company, and we are not public-listed, we don't have to kick-up a percentage of income to anyone. The money that is earned within Certainest is recycled back into Certainest. We re-invest in the form of market-leading salaries, dedicated-individual education budgets and employee profit sharing.
We financially support and actively encourage our staff to have side projects such as, mobile-app development, subject-matter blogging, develop new technical solutions or even to build a team of their own. Your idea, our support.
RECRUITMENT process, nice and simple
The recruitment process is very simple as the management structure is very flat and a very simple decision process. A candidate wishing to work with us, requests an interview and sends in their CV.
We have an interview and if we like you we ask you to take a simple aptitude test whilst we check your references. Once this is completed we agree hiring terms and a start date. Fast, simple, pleasant, clear.


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Four Things We're Thankful for in 2018
2018 has been an incredible year for everyone here at CFPAC. From supporting policy efforts to create economic opportunities for urban farmers and worker cooperatives to welcoming two full-time staff members – Brenda and Kara–, we can't possibly recount every single event, opportunity, meeting, and victory we had this year! Instead, we've rounded up the top four things we're grateful for.
1. The Good Food Purchasing Policy Adoption in Cook County
In March, the Cook County Board of Commissioners adopted the Good Food Purchasing Program. Championed by its Commission on Social Innovation, the policy placed racial equity at the center of the County's groundbreaking program. By adopting this resolution, Cook County became the largest municipality in the nation to take a forward-thinking approach to the systems delivering healthy, local, fair, humane, and sustainable foods. The Cook County Board of Commissioners was also awarded the 2018 Good Food Policy Hero by the Center for Good Food Purchasing!
2. The 13th (and 14th!) Annual Chicago Food Policy Summits
We know that the next summit is technically next year, but we are too excited not to talk about it!
On February 28 2018, food justice advocates, urban farmers, and small food businesses across Chicago and the Midwest gathered at the 13th Annual Chicago Food Policy Summit to reflect on and strategize around Chicago's food policy issues. With over 300 attendees and 25 speakers, discussion varied from how to support new farmers to organizing worker cooperatives. We are thrilled to continue the conversation at the 14th Annual Chicago Food Policy Summit on February 15, 2019 at the South Shore Cultural Center.
3. Urban Stewards Action Network's Food Fun(d)ing Fridays
Urban Stewards Action Network (USAN), a project of Chicago Food Policy Council, has been in the works for a number of years to cultivate connections and provide peer-based mutual support among Black and Brown communities. This year, USAN held the first two Food Fun(d)ing Fridays, a micro-grant contest and community fundraising event. On October 26, USAN's second event at B'Gabs Vegan Scratch Kitchen in Hyde Park welcomed over 60 participants and awarded $3,000 in grants to Catatumbo Cooperative Farm, Getting Grown Collective, Little Village Environmental Justice Organization, and Your Bountiful Harvest Family Farm.
We're looking forward to the next one on Friday January 25, 2019!
4. The Good Food Buffalo Coalition Visit to Chicago
In October, the emerging Good Food Buffalo Coalition from New York visited Chicago in the hopes of learning from Chicago and Cook County's Good Food Purchasing victories and other efforts. CFPAC coordinated several meetings and excursions, including conversations with various stakeholders and partners. We were excited to show them the landscape of food in Chicago, share the wealth of on-the-ground work that GFPP folds into, and pass on stories and lessons learned from our experiences. We were particularly excited to show Little Village Environmental Justice Organization's Semillas de Justicias (Seeds of Justice) Garden, which created a great moment to reflect on bringing racial equity to Good Food Purchasing. We are thankful for the wonderful exchange with the Good Food Buffalo Coalition, and we look forward to growing together.
We're excited for 2019 and we hope you'll join us. We are raising funds to sustain our work to ensure the fair implementation of the Good Food Purchasing Policy and to direct resources improving the health and well-being of communities in Chicago and Cook County.
Support us on Giving Tuesday!


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Tag Archives for " read alouds "
We have been enjoying TONS of Christmas books this holiday season, so I thought it'd be nice to share the ones we own in case you are looking to start or add to your own collection. These 20 Christmas books are a mix of religious and secular, in totally random order. Be sure to also […]Continue reading
We have been reading and enjoying TONS of Christmas books for toddler and preschool aged kids this holiday season! I thought it'd be nice to share our favorite Christmas books in case you are looking to start or add to your own collection. These are a mix of religious and secular Christmas books in totally random […]Continue reading
I've had lots of questions about when to start reading chapter books with kids and what chapter books to start with, so I thought I'd keep a running log of the chapter books I've read with L&L. Here are the book titles and authors, in order of when we read them. Each one is […]Continue reading
My kids and I are huge fans of classic stories. The Complete Tales of Beatrix Potter are some of our favorites, and of course the most popular of those is The Tale of Peter Rabbit. To give my kids a chance to act out the story which is GREAT for comprehension, I created a Peter […]Continue reading
These are some of our favorite picture books (in alphabetical order). By favorite, I mean we've read them minimally 10 times each…true favorites! Click on the title to see the full blog post or a link to the title on Amazon. Check back often for new additions! 🙂 Our Favorite Picture Books Arthur's […]Continue reading
Quite awhile ago — 2010 in fact — I started Read it AGAIN, Mommy!, a blog where I intended to share children's books that my family loves. However, as things sometimes go, after only one post, it sat dormant for the next two years. Now I've revamped it a bit and plan to start posting […]Continue reading
I've had lots of questions about when to start reading chapter books and what chapter books to start with, so I thought I'd keep a running log of the chapter books I've read with L&L: #8 Mr. Popper's Penguins by Richard and Florence Atwater We finished this book this week. It was quite a treat […]Continue reading
The Monday Musical series is a weekly feature on the blog each Monday. It details the musical we listened to the previous week, along with any additional resources we used or go-along activities we completed. Rationale and Goals:I decided to start listening to musicals with Luke (age 4) and Lilah (age 2) because they LOVE music […]Continue reading
We *love* to read at our house and I think it is one of the most important things you can do with your child, starting from the very beginning! Here is a listing of 30 of our favorite children's book authors both classic and contemporary. We've enjoyed these authors' books during the time from birth […]Continue reading
Have you read Pete the Cat: I Love My White Shoes yet? It's a favorite around here! Head over to our guest post on Makes & Takes today to see the fun sensory activity we did to go-along with the book! It is great for learning colors and working on listening comprehension, and it's a PERFECT way […]Continue reading


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(Born June 14, 1963) -- The hockey life of James Patrick took an unexpected turn a few years ago. Who would have guessed that he would find a home in Buffalo?
Athletics obviously run in his family. Patrick's father played football for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian league. James preferred hockey, and landed a spot on the University of North Dakota's roster.
He played for Canada in the Olympics in 1984, and then signed with the Rangers. He stayed there until the fall of 1993. Patrick was a solid offensive defenseman, scoring 10 or more goals seven times.
Patrick moved on to Hartford and Calgary from there, and when he came to Buffalo in 1998 it looked like he's just be a spare defenseman here to play a year or two. The classy veteran spent six seasons as a Sabre, even playing regularly for Buffalo in the 1999 NHL finals.
What's more, he still isn't done contributing. Patrick has been an assistant coach here since 2006.
--- Budd Bailey


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2.3 Demonstrate understanding of adaptation of plants or animals to their way of life
Internal | 3 credits
The process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment
An inherited feature of an organism that enables it to survive and reproduce in its habitat
The end result of the evolutionary changes (genetic mutations) that a species has gone through over time
An inherited feature of an organism that enables it to survive and reproduce in its habitat
The end result of the evolutionary changes (genetic mutations) that a species has gone through over time
There are 3 types of adaptations
1. Behavioural - the way an organism reacts/responds to stimuli
2. Structural - the way an organism is built/made
3. Physiological - something the organisms' body does/produces
Behavioural - the way an organism acts in response to something,
e.g. desert plants have flowers that open at night because there are more pollinators active during the cool hours.
Structural - physical features of an organism,
e.g. thorns on a African bush to protect it from its prey.
Physiological - those involving physiological processes,
e.g. the female mantis produces a frothy liquid to surround and protect the groups of eggs she lays.
The two selection pressures that have contributed to the adaptations we see in plants today
1. The need to conserve water
2. To protect against efficient herbivores
1. The need to conserve water
2. To protect against efficient herbivores
Leaf Structure
Vascular System
Why is water so important to plants?
Water is needed for
cell turgidity
efficient gas exchange
All of these relate to the survival and consequent reproduction of plants
cell turgidity
efficient gas exchange
All of these relate to the survival and consequent reproduction of plants
Water is a reactant for photosynthesis. If water is in limited supply, there will be less photosynthesis occurring as a result.
Water fills the vacuole in plant cells. This helps make the cells strong and together they hold up the leaves. If plants cannot hold their leaves up to the sun they cannot photosynthesize effectively.
The pathway for gas exchange is through the stomata. If this is lubricated, gas exchange will occur more efficiently and more carbon dioxide can enter the leaf for photosynthesis.
If a plant possesses a mutation that allows it to easily obtain or conserve water, that plant will benefit. It is likely that plant will photosynthesize more (or have a longer lifespan to do so), giving it the ability to produce many offspring.
Mutations are inherited so this beneficial trait can be passed on and will benefit the plants with it, allowing them to produce more offspring compared to plants that do not have the beneficial mutation. Because the mutation allows the organism to be successful in its habitat, the genes coding for it will become more common in the population.
Mutations are inherited so this beneficial trait can be passed on and will benefit the plants with it, allowing them to produce more offspring compared to plants that do not have the beneficial mutation. Because the mutation allows the organism to be successful in its habitat, the genes coding for it will become more common in the population.
How do plants gain water?
Plants obtain water through their roots. Water molecules from the surrounding soil move into the root hair cells via osmosis. The water molecules then travel up the xylem in the stem of the plant and into the leaves. Here, the water can be used in photosynthesis (in the chlorophyll) or to ensure the vacuole in the leaf cells are turgid.
How do plants lose water?
Transpiration is the loss of water from a plant via the leaves. Water is lost because it evaporates into the atmosphere. The stomata (holes on the underside of the leaf) open to allow gas exchange, and in doing so water can escape from the leaves. If the stomata close, water is conserved but gas exchange is hindered.
When transpiration occurs, water is lost from the leaves. More water is then brought in to replace it. When this happens, more water needs to be absorbed by the roots so 'top the plant up' with enough water. Water loss from the leaves creates a negative pressure within the xylem - this means that naturally, water will be sucked up the xylem so that there is enough water in the leaves. The behaviour of water enables (cohesion) means that when one molecule is lost, it will be replaced as when it moves, it will pull up the next molecule, and so on. This is also termed transpiration pull.
Think of it like sipping water from a glass through a straw. You are at the end of the straw, slurping up the water and causing it to be removed. You represent transpiration. The straw is the xylem. The water in the cup is the water from the soil. When you remove water by slurping it up, more water moves up the straw to replace it due to the pressure you've caused in the straw. You slurping up the water causes the water from in the cup to be sucked up into the straw (roots to xylem) so that the straw remains topped up. You've caused negative pressure in the straw (xylem) by removing water (transpiration).
Looking down the microscope and seeing stomata
Water molecules demonstrate something called cohesion. They stick together for as long as possible. When one water molecule moves, the one next to it is likely to follow. This is a typical behaviour of water.
What can affect the rate of transpiration?
Wind speed
How fast the wind is blowing can affect the rate (how fast) transpiration occurs. More wind means more water is blown away form the stomata. This increases the concentration gradient of water between the inside and outside of the leaf. This results in an increased rate of transpiration.
On a humid day there is more moisture in the air (and we feel sticky). The more humid it is, the more water is in the atmosphere, meaning the concentration gradient between inside the leaf and outside is not as great. This means transpiration occurs slower.
The higher the temperature, the faster molecules move (this includes water molecules!). Higher temperatures result in a higher rate of osmosis (faster movement of water from high to low concentrations) therefore transpiration occurs faster.
Light intensity
Increasing the intensity of light (think of a hot sunny day vs cloudy and dull day) is accompanied by an increase in temperature. Light comes with heat. Greater light intensity means higher temperatures and therefore more transpiration.
Soil moisture
Plant cells will take in as much water as they can until they become saturated (no more water can fit in). As the amount of water in the soil increases and the cells become saturated, eventually the movement of water will slow right down (less need for water to move into cells as they are already full). There is less movement of water as soil moisture levels increase. Less water moving up to the leaves means less water is available for transpiration. Therefore the rate of transpiration is low. If there is a lack of water in the soil there will be no water movement (no water to move!) resulting in no transpiration. Water will move out of the cells (making them flaccid) and resulting in plasmolysis, causing the plant to wilt.
This achievement standard
requires you to...
Demonstrate comprehensive understanding of adaptation of plants to their way of life you must show understanding by linking several biological ideas. The linking of ideas may involve justifying, evaluating, comparing and contrasting, or analyzing, and must include understanding of adaptation related to one life process over three taxonomic or functional group of multi-cellular plants or animals (this is our three plant groups, our life process is transpiration - secondary life process could be photosynthesis!)
You are required to do both of the following:
Some tips to guide your thinking...
You are required to do both of the following:
- Compare diversity of adaptation in response to the same demand across different taxonomic or functional groups
- Discuss the limitations and advantages involved in each feature within each organism
Some tips to guide your thinking...
- Describe the three taxonomic plant groups. Where are they each found? What is unique about those habitats? What pressures are found there? What types of adaptations would benefit the plants in each of those?
- Describe the adaptations found in each of the plant groups and go into depth about why the plants are the way they are. What does each adaptation do? How are they beneficial? Why have these developed?
- Relate the adaptations and their benefits to the bigger picture, water balance and photosynthesis. How does the adaptation relate to these? How does the adaptation become common in a population? Why?
The following image comes from the NZQA website - the full document is at the top of this page, and can also be found here.