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Designed by Rieche, Carter & Smith and built by Jeffery and Mary Keating in 1891, the former Keating House is one of the last vintage homes built before the silver crash of 1893. Keating, a real estate investor and founder of McPhee & McGinnity Lumber Company, accumulated his wealth with the early expansion of Denver. In a neighborhood predominated by people of wealth and power such as Molly Brown, Boettcher, Cheesman, Keating, and Moffat, there were many finely crafted mansions. Today, the former Keating House remains a landmark of Colorado's Victorian era with its period architecture and outstanding craftsmanship. The home remained a family mansion until 1923 when it became the Buena Vista Hotel, named for its "beautiful view" of Colorado's majestic mountains. Recently, the home was returned to its former majesty with its conversion to the Capitol Hill Mansion, one of Denver's newest and most luxurious Bed & Breakfast Inns.
The home at 1207 N. Pennsylvania Street sits on some of Denver's most historic ground. It was platted over a century ago, part of Porter's Addition to Denver, when the land east of Broadway was prairie. The lots – 15 through 17, block 79 – changed hands several times through the years before the home itself was built. The land's owners included some of Denver's most illustrious men, none as important as Porter, the man who developed the addition.
Henry Porter, telegraph builder, merchant, and entrepreneur, incorporated his addition in the late 1860's. At one time, most of Pennsylvania Street and Logan (then named Kansas) Street belonged to Porter from Colfax to Sixth Avenue. The heart of the property was the barren crest of Capitol Hill. Porter, one of Denver's giants, was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania in 1838, but grew up on farms near Adair and Jefferson City, Missouri. Due to a lack of educational opportunities, Porter ignored formal schooling. Instead, he joined the Missouri Telegraph Company at the age of 18 and worked on construction gangs for the Overland Telegraph Company building lines from St.Louis to Omaha to Julesburg on the Colorado frontier. Later, he spent a brief period in gold country, opening a store that quickly failed. In 1861 he left Colorado for the Civil War where he was responsible for keeping Union telegraph lines open throughout Missouri and Arkansas. Within a year, he was captured by Confederate troops and spent the remainder of the war in prison camps in Mississippi.
After the war, Porter returned to Missouri and formed a telegraph company with Charles M. Stebbins, a veteran of the telegraph building. Together, they came to Denver and formed the Porter and Stebbins Telegraph Company, building lines north to Cheyenne and south to Santa Fe. Later, the two also established the Porter and Stebbins Grocery Company as well. Within a few years, Stebbins went his own way (eventually dying insane). Porter remained in Denver, concentrating on the grocery business, which gradually expanded into a commission, and banking business into New Mexico and Kansas. By the end of the century, Porter had added real estate and stock rising to his interests – his cattle empire alone ranged as far south as Texas and his real estate holdings extended from Del Norte, Colorado to southern New Mexico. Nothing, however, matched his small empire on Capitol Hill. Over the years, it alone profited him over a million dollars.
Long after his land was sold and developed, Porter remained a major business and civic figure. He was one of Denver's major brokers (in partnership with the legendary Claude Boettcher) and he was actively connected to the Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation, Denver Gas and Electric Company. He was also connected to the American Water Works Company, Denver Tramway Company, Mountain States Telephone Company, the Denver Union Stockyards, the Moffat Road, and both the Denver and American National Banks. Porter was always active in philanthropic affairs while in Denver and toward the end of his life created a fund over a million dollars for the building of the Porter Sanitarium in South Denver – one of the finest institutions of its kind in the world.
Porter died in 1937, just short of his 100th birthday.
Throughout the Porter years, other men owned the lots at 12th Avenue and Pennsylvania Street: Denver Mayor Marion Van Horn, abstractor Scott Anthony (whose company abstracted the property from its birth), entrepreneur Frederick Keener, Charles Stebbins, and business tycoon George Schleier. Schleir was a German who came to the United States at the age of six and to Denver in its infancy. Schleier was a cattleman, a banker, and general entrepreneur, accruing massive amounts of capital over the years. His mansion at 17th and Grant is his legacy. It was bought for $95, 000 in 1891, the same year another mansion – at 1207 Pennsylvania – was built.
In the summer of 1891, after years of lying idle in Porter's addition, the lot at 12th Avenue and Pennsylvania Street finally got a home. On June 27th a building permit was issued for the construction of a 42-by-55 foot, two-story brick and stone home on lots 15-17. Its price was $8,000 (although the Denver Republican reported it at $10, 000 and the Rocky Mountain News $18, 000). The architects were C.M. Reiche, R.M. Carter, and C.A. Smith, who had an office together in the Bank Building at 17th and Arapahoe. The home's builder was insurance man, Jeffery Keating and his wife, Mary, who had prepared carefully for several years before building the home. In November 1890, Mrs. Keating secured lots 13 and 14 next door from Marion Van Horn for $6,100. On January 2, 1891, she paid $13,000 for lots 15, 16, and 17 and on January 22 she and Jeffery were given a three-year mortgage from Northwest Mutual Life Insurance Company – a $10, 000 loan at 6.5% interest.
The magnificent Richardsonian Romanesque home built during the second half of 1891 became one of the major landmarks on Capitol Hill, but surprisingly little is known about the man who built it. Keating's business was primarily real estate, with ventures into insurance. Although the record is unclear, he was involved in the founding of the McPhee and McGinnity Lumber Company, Denver's largest for a generation. Beyond this, his activities are a mystery. He and Mary had a son, William J., who attended Carnegie Tech in Pittsburgh. Mary was the daughter of John Shevnin, another of Denver's early builders, who lived in the next block at 1361 Pennsylvania Street. Mary was a prominent young socialite and "ardent" charity worker, known for giving "luncheons of elegant appointments" (in the words of the News) at the home. She died in April, 1918, and was buried from the Immaculate Conception Cathedral.
While in the Pennsylvania Street home, the Keatings entertained often and lived well, turning daily chores over to the servants and housekeepers (newspapers routinely carried an ad for them; "girl wanted for housework, family of three"). At least once, too, an exciting event happened at their home. One night in 1893 a shootout occurred in the alley behind the home when police cornered an apparent bandit; bullets were sprayed into the Keating home as well as into the home across the alley at 1208 Logan Street. Six years later, in April 1899, it happened again. Shots were exchanged between a policeman named Alvord and a man in "a dark suit, slouch hat and gray overcoat." According to the press, the man "saw Alvord's brass buttons and fired at him." Alvord returned the fire; the intruder "stumbled as though he was shot" and escaped through the Keating's yard. His neighbor at 1208 Logan Street was left with a bullet hole in the door – the same door the suspect had fired into in 1893.
In 1900, the Keatings moved from the Pennsylvania Street home to 1600 York where they remained (and where Mrs. Keating died). For the next two years they rented 1207 Pennsylvania Street to Charles Bayly, a 30 year old Missourian and owner of the Underhill Manufacturing Company of Denver.
Bayly was a native of St. Louis, born there in November 1870. At the age of 20 he moved west, to southwestern Colorado, where he operated a merchandising business until 1900. In that year, he moved to Denver, bought the Underhill Company, listed himself as a capitalist in the census of 1900 and moved to 1207 Pennsylvania. With him was his 30-year-old wife, Hester Mooney Bayly, born in Iowa in 1870. The Bayly's were married in Chicago in 1896 and had two children – Charles, 3, and Russell, 2 – when they moved into the home.
In 1902, for a price of $30, 000, the Keatings sold the home to John W. Nesmith, an industrialist like Bayly (and, like Bayly, a man with a St.Louis background). In his field, Nesmith was one of the most powerful men in the west.
Nesmith, from an old Scottish family dating back to the 13th century, was born in Chilllicothe, Ohio, on January 4, 1834. As a young man he moved to St. Louis, where he grew up. "Endowed with a strong proficiency for mechanics," according to a biographer, he quickly became a "mechanic of the first rank". As a young man, he moved to Central City in the spring of 1860 to build and manage a stamping mill owned by a St. Louis company. Later he moved to Denver and became connected with the A.G. Langford Iron Company; nine years later when the company was renamed the Colorado Iron Works and moved to Black Hawk, Nesmith moved with it. For two years, from 1868 to 1870, he also served in the territorial senate from Gilpin County.
Briefly, in the 1870's, Nesmith moved into railroading applying his mechanic's skills to a totally new field. He began work as a master mechanic with the Denver division of the Kansas Pacific, and then moved to the superintendency of the Denver and South Park until February 1879. In that year, he made the biggest move of his life. Rejoining the Colorado Iron Works, he became its superintendent, then bought it and became its manager and president. When Nesmith bought the company it was small and struggling, but under him it grew to become one of most important manufacturers of mining goods in the United States. The company built most of the large smelters in the west, from Mexico to Montana, including a number of foreign countries. According to his biographers, Nesmith was almost totally responsible for the growth of his company; without his "sagacity, judicious management and knowledge and skill as an inventor, designer, and metallurgist" it would have achieved little.
As Nesmith built his empire he became a powerful force in Denver. Not only were his family connections good (his brother Hubert, who served as his assistant superintendent, was the son-in-law of J.F. Brown, one of the premier capitalists in Colorado), but his professional alliances were as well. Driven downtown almost daily by his black coachman, William Gill, Nesmith dined at fine restaurants with the likes of Attorney Mitchell Benedict, merchant king George Gano, Judge Owen LeFevre, banking tycoon William Berger, and industrialist E.B. Hendrie of Hendrie and Bolthoff.
Aside from Nesmith's wife, Elizabeth, who rarely shared the spotlight with him, his family was interesting. One daughter, Mrs. Eleanor (Finlay) McFarland, lived on a rambling coffee plantation 150 miles from Vera Cruz, Mexico for a number of years. In 1912, she married Milo W. Strong in Jersey City, New Jersey, and spent the rest of her life in Hendersonville, North Carolina. A second daughter, Isabel, married James Porter Evans, later vice president and general manager of the Iron Works. All of them were major figures in Denver society, both during and after their years at 1207 Pennsylvania.
The Nesmiths lived at 1207 Pennsylvania until 1910. Elizabeth Nesmith lived in the Shirley Hotel for a year and died on September 25, 1910. The date of John Nesmith's death, surprisingly, is not certain. One thing, however, is certain: in all of its life, the home at 1207 Pennsylvania never had an owner quite like the old Scotsman. As one of his biographers has written, "Denver and Colorado have profited in large degree by his indomitable will and never-ceasing energy, and by the fame the products of his great achievements have given both… He has attained the success so justly due men possessing his sterling integrity and with a career so honorable as his." In the eyes of many of his contemporaries, Nesmith, a self-made, self-educated man, was one of America's leading authorities on chemistry, smelting, blast furnaces and civil engineering. Most would have agreed, as one wrote, "he has few, if any, superiors."
Although the Nesmiths moved from 1207 Penn in 1909, the family maintained ownership of the home for many more years. On May 14, 1914, title passed to Isabel M. Evans and Eleanor Strong, Nesmith's daughters. They owned it together until 1923, but neither lived in the home. Eleanor Strong lived in North Carolina and Mrs. Evans lived at 1427 Franklin. Isabel Evans became one of Denver's most important women executives in Denver's early history. When her husband died – James Porter Evans, whom she had married in 1891 – she spent the rest of her years in Denver running the family business and meeting social commitments. She also became a world traveler. In 1936 she moved from Denver to Phoenix because of failing health; a year later, on a trip to San Francisco, she died of a heart attack. She left a daughter, Mrs. John Bane of 1029 8th Avenue.
From 1910 to 1923 Mrs. Evans and Mrs. Strong, rented 1207 Pennsylvania to the Charles Loughridge family. In 1910 Mr. Loughridge, the family patriarch, moved into the home with his wife, Mel, a daughter and two sons. Charles Loughridge, born in Oscaloosa, Iowa, son of a prominent Iowa jurist and congressman, was a longtime Colorado mining promoter. Although trained in law (Yale, class of 1886) and the classics (he was a major Shakespearean scholar who spent his leisure time translating original Shakespearean works) , business was his game. Starting in Chicago and ending in Colorado, his biggest successes were in mining. In 1910 when he moved into the home, his primary business was the Kokomo Metals Company based near Leadville; in later years, he owned the prosperous Pennsylvania Mining Company out of Denver. His wife, from Chicago, was a prominent Denver social leader, active in all phases of charity and philanthropy.
The two Loughridge boys, both born in Chicago before the family moved west, were among Denver's most important young men. William, 21 in 1910, graduated from Yale in 1912; three years later he earned a law degree from the University of Denver. In 1919, after service with the Signal Corps in World War I, the young second lieutenant resigned and joined the law firm of Lee, Loughridge, and Healy. In 1925 he launched his own practice and also served as president of his father's Pennsylvania Mining Company. Paul Loughridge was 18 when the family moved into the Penn Street home and 31 when he left. Following his brother, he received a BS degree from the Sheffield Scientific School at Yale in 1915. A big, rigged, blue-eyed young man, Loughridge threw the hammer "amazing distances" according to one account, and played tackle on the Bulldog football team. In 1916 he began a career in investments with the prestigious Sweet-Causey-Foster Company, only to be interrupted by the war. He served in France in 1917, entering the war as a captain and returning as a major and then as assistant chief of staff of the 26th division. He again returned to investments, joining the firm of his next door neighbor, Arthur Bosworth.
In 1923 the Loughridges moved to 975 Pennsylvania, three blocks to the south and the rest of their lives were marked with tragedy. Charles Loughridge died suddenly in April 1928 of a paralytic stroke at age 70. His wife, Mel, broke a hip in 1932 and never recovered; she died in November 1933. Only a year later, on September 8, 1934, William Loughridge committed suicide at the age of 45, parking his car on Pence Road in Indian Hills near Kittredge, and asphyxiating himself. Police reports noted that he had inserted a fifteen foot section of hose in his car window, stuffed newly bought towels in the opening around it and placed a large rock on the gas pedal to keep the engine running. In death, his head and one arm lay over the back seat as if he were reaching for something. Bloodstains on his shirt indicated hemorrhaging before death. Police concluded that suicide was prompted by recent (undisclosed) illness and "extreme melancholia" over the death of his mother.
Only Paul remained, but he became one of the major figures in Denver's financial circles over the next twenty years. In the 1920's, after the war, Arthur Bosworth, Octave Chanute and he formed the premier investment company in the Rockies. As a News reporter put it, they "came together as a triumvirate with destiny and they have shown this city something about selling bonds." Starting as a ten-hour-a-day clerk, Loughridge moved steadily upward until he became the driving force behind the company. "They believed in themselves and their work" said the paper "and they believed in their city. They had the confidence that wins." One good example was the company's decision to finance the struggling Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Company, later one of America's giants. Loughridge himself, with his strapping athletic build, his impeccable dress, his confidence, remained throughout his life a remarkable man with an unremarkable philosophy. "These are times, " he said, "when every man has to stick to his knitting. The man who loafs is sunk."
In February 1923, a $20,000 warranty deed marked the transfer of 1207 Pennsylvania Street from Isabel Evans and Eleanor Strong to Buena Vista Crew, the wife of Denverite Frank E. Crew. The Crews moved into the home immediately, then in 1924 they converted it into the Buena Vista Hotel. The Crews themselves apparently left the residence, Bert B. Hull became its manager and the Crews moved to 1209 Penn (shortly after called the Seymour Apartments). Mrs. Crew became associated with the Grae-Rose Hat Shoppe. Josephine Russell, a widow, Victor and Minnie Novak and Mabelle Wilcoxen were all later proprietors of the Buena Vista, which apparently ceased operation in 1935.
On March 24, 1933, the Crews sold 1207 Penn to Elvia and George H. Harvey, who owned it for the next five years. Harvey, who lived in north Denver, maintained the house as the Buena Vista through 1935, and then rented it for a year to salesman Clarence J. Walters. It was vacant in 1937.
George Harvey was one of Denver's most prominent men in the 1930's, though hardly in the same sense as the Keatings, Nesmiths, and Loughridges before him. He was born in Mason City, Iowa, on March 7, 1876, and moved to Denver at the age of four. George M. Harvey, Sr., his father, began a liquor and cigar business in the city before founding the Harvey Glove Company in 1904. George Jr. graduated from North High School, then Grinnell (Iowa) College in 1896. Returning to Denver, he sold leather goods on his own, then merged with his father. When George Sr. died in 1928, George Jr. ran the business until 1941 when he closed it and retired.
Throughout his life, Harvey was most famous not for his business skills but for his music. For over fifty years he was the most noted cellist in Denver and one of its most respected orchestral conductors. At different times in his life he conducted the Boulevard Orchestra – Denver's first Symphony – and played first cello both under the famed Rafaello Cavallo in the Symphony Association (1903) and in the later Denver Civic Symphony. He was also a longtime member of the Denver Symphony Orchestra's board of directors. He shared his music with everyone for as many years as he could, in as many ways as he could. In one memorable month during World War II he and several friends pooled gas rationing coupons, raised money with them and brought 2000 soldiers from nearby military bases to his home for evenings of dining and listening to classical records. His esthetic sense, however, also went beyond music. He was president of the Colorado Mountain Club for a few years and president of the Mountain Parks Association as well. Reputedly, he was one of the finest amateur photographers in Colorado. One of his last major gestures was the donation of his Buffalo Park summer home to a Denver social agency for the use and enjoyment of the poor.
George Harvey died in August 1960 from a fall and surgical complications, at the age of 84. He left behind an estate worth more than $300,000.
The Harveys sold 1207 Pennsylvania on April 13, 1938 to James Homer Weatherly and his wife, Fay. Weatherly was a salesman; he and his wife lived in the "Molly Brown House" at 1340 Pennsylvania, just across the street from the old home of Mary Shevnin Keating. They owned 1207 Penn until May 1, 1944. Under their ownership the old home underwent a transformation: in 1939 it became a convalescent home, and so it stayed until 1942. The Weatherlys leased the home to three people – Henry H. Austin, and William E. and Ophelia Harrelson. Part of the home apparently was used for business: in 1938 the Austin Milling Corporation (with Austin as it's president) was listed at this address. In 1939 it was listed as the Austin and Harrelson Convalescent Home and in 1940 and 1941 as the Happy Home Convalescent Home run by Ophelia Harrelson. In 1942, under the management of Mrs. Mary McDonald (who lived here with her husband Ralph) it became the McDonald Convalescent Home. In 1944 Ophelia Harrelson bought the property from the Weatherlys: she and her husband – by then a prosperous oilman – lived elsewhere and continued to lease the home.
In 1945, 1207 Penn became the Fuller House Apartments, run by Mrs. Ruth B. Fuller and her husband, William H., an accountant. Besides rooms for themselves, the Fullers rented four other units. In 1947 Mrs. Bessie L. Farr, from Berwyn, Illinois, was brought in to manage the apartments (she came from a block away: she had run Farr's Guest House in the old mansion at 1129 Penn for two years). On July 15, 1949, Mrs. Farr and a friend, Mabel Hill bought 1207 Pennsylvania from the Harrelsons for $35, 000. Two years later they sold it to Effie Willhite, who renamed it Willhite Guest Home (although it also lodged the offices of attorney Merrit D. Fondy and the International Foundation for Nurses). In 1954, after apparent renovation (the record here is unclear), 1207 became the Holly Apartments under the supervision of Roscoe and Jeanette Holabird who lived in Mayfair at 800 Hudson (and later in the foothills of Denver).
The Keating House remained the Holly Apartments into the 1960's. At that time, it was completely converted into office space, as it was when purchased for conversion into the Capitol Hill Mansion, seven bathrooms were either added or upgraded and a complete kitchen was installed (none existed in the house in 1993 except the current kitchen in the Elk Thistle suite on the third floor). Other changes, such as removing relatively new walls, which cut off the second floor, opening up the rear staircase between the first and second floors, and closing and/or moving doorways (most of which were relatively newly constructed), brought the home back to its earlier architectural integrity. Amazingly, the plaster ceilings in the living room and dining room and the walls in the foyer, the stained glass window on the landing and most of the woodwork in the home appear to be original and unmolested by time or previous tenants.
We feel that the Keatings would be proud of our restorations and indeed, the rich history of the house itself, poised for another century of grandly anchoring the corner at 12th Avenue and Pennsylvania Street.


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French and Foreigners
I speak my language, that is to say that of my mother, in her I am located and identified, I saw, I love and suffering "(2). Without denying the importance of the foreign population in the entire French population as actors in society, we do can not ignore the difficulties foreigners face the French administrative system. Studies by UNESCO in 1993 (3) on the topic of "immigration" noted that immigrants from Arab and Muslim are more marginalized than nationals in all sectors including the control measures adopted by the French Government concerning, for example, residence permits and regulation of nationality. Thus, no administrative structure has supported the issue of "integration" before 1966 when the government established the Directorate of Population and Migration at the Ministry of Social Affairs. It is clear that immigration and its problems have been misunderstood, and therefore poorly addressed during the long transition period (1945-1985). The problem of integration is now, after September 11 the point of conflict between a secular system and representations negative that the French vis-a-vis the Muslims and a current challenge of France. Accused of having both a job and be unemployed.
Immigrants from Arab-Muslim, seen as terrorists live in a hard, commitment to integration and rejection mixed with political speeches "racist" against a considerable migration realities and can quote the statement of Lepine " I like the Algerians but at home. " Regarding youth, the statistics from the National Center of French education in 2001 (4) found that immigrants were leaving the school system, aged 16-25 years are unemployed and unskilled, we are afraid to exclusion of this young population. After the banning of "Elhijab in France, secularism has become a pretext is not ideological in the strict sense of the word that translates into tolerance and freedom religious, a French Islam, imposed by the political system, combined with a strategy of inclusion of cultural values in an administration veiled by conflicting pressures. The decree, which has caused much ink, resulting in the abandonment of the majority of Muslim girls (70% of girls were excluded). Finally, another is to become a utopia and we can no longer ignore the need for a change of world view such a representation can be no reconciliation or conflict between cultures. Only the power of language allows the intermingling of cultures and respect for the values of others. The language is primarily a means of knowledge of each other and not an obstacle to the rights of each recommendation. "To rub and grind his brain against that of others and the asperities are dwindling." (

subset: commoncrawl


text:
[Simon] had a Rockford Fosgate Punch 601s amplifier in his car, and while it was a great piece of equipment, he wanted a little more power behind his stereo system. It turns out that with just a handful of parts and a bit of soldering work, he was able to increase his amplifier's output by 200 watts, putting it on par with a Punch 801s.
The main board in each amp is laid out identically, making the conversion a relatively easy process. A handful of MOSFETs need to be added, along with some resistors and capacitors. Most of the work can be done with a decent soldering iron, though you might want a hot air reflow station to handle the smaller resistors – it all depends on your skill set.
We're really not sure how big the price difference is between the two amps, but we're pretty certain that the conversion would be worth it. [Simon] sells conversion kits on his web site for under $60, but you may be able to find the parts for a bit less if you hunt around.


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February 11
Lydia Maria Child (née Francis) was born on this day in 1802. She was a teacher, prolific writer, religious scholar, radical abolitionist, early feminist – and a cookbook writer.
Miss Francis learned her household skills from her older sister, with whom she lived after her mother died. These skills stood her in good stead when she married Mr. Child – a lawyer by profession, but with a man so distracted by his own social reforming zeal that he never managed to earn a decent living. After one year of marriage and the honing of her housekeeping and budgeting skills, Lydia Maria wrote a book called The American Frugal Housewife. Dedicated to Those Who Are Not Ashamed of Economy (1829). It became very popular almost immediately, and provided a source of some income for the Childs as it was reprinted a number of times over the years.
"I have attempted to teach how money can be saved, not how it can be enjoyed. If any persons think some of the maxims too rigidly economical,--let them inquire how the largest fortunes among us have been made. They will find thousands and millions have been accumulated, by a scrupulous attention to sums 'infinitely more minute than sixty cents.'
The true economy of housekeeping is simply the art of gathering up all the fragments, so that nothing be lost. I mean fragments, of time, as well as materials. Nothing should be thrown away so long as it is possible to make any use of it, however trifling that use may be; and whatever be the size of a family, every member should be employed either in earning, or saving money."
Look frequently to the pails, to see that nothing is thrown to the pigs, which should have been in the grease-pot.
Look to the grease-pot, and see that nothing is there which might have served to nourish your own family, or a poorer one.
See that the beef and pork are always under brine; and that the brine is sweet and clean.
See that the vegetables are neither sprouting, nor decaying; if they are so, remove them to a drier place and spread them.
Examine preserves, to see that they are not contracting mould; and your pickles, to see that they are not growing soft and tasteless.
Suet keeps good all the year round, if chopped and packed down in a stone-jar, covered with molasses.
It is poor economy to buy vinegar, by the gallon. Buy a barrel, or half barrel of really strong vinegar, when you begin house-keeping. As you use it, fill the barrel with old cider, sour beer, or wine-settlings, &c. left in pitchers, decanters, or tumblers, weak tea is likewise said to be good: nothing is hurtful, which has a tolerable portion of spirit, or acidity.
If beer grows sour it may be used to advantage for pancakes and fritters.
Have all the good bits of vegetables and meat collected after dinner, and minced before they are set away; that they may be in readiness to make a little savoury mince meat for supper, or breakfast.
As far as it is possible, have bits of bread eaten up before they become hard. Spread those that are not eaten, and let them dry to be pounded for puddings, or soaked for brewis. Brewis is made of crusts, and dry pieces of bread, soaked a good while in hot milk, mashed up, and salted and buttered like toast. Above all, do not let them accumulate in such quantities that they cannot be used. With proper care, there is no need of losing a particle of bread, even in the hottest weather.
She also, of course, included some cooking advice. Vegetables were decidedly not served crisp and crunchy in those days – although there is also the argument that older horticultural types did not have the tenderness that has been bred into modern varieties, so perhaps they did in fact need more cooking.
Cooking Vegetables.
Cabbages need to be boiled an hour; beets an hour and a half.
The lower part of a squash should be boiled half an hour; the neck pieces fifteen or twenty minutes longer.
Parsnips should boil an hour, or an hour and a quarter, according to size.
New potatoes should boil fifteen or twenty minutes; three quarters of an hour, or an hour, is not too much for large, old potatoes; common sized ones half an hour.
Asparagus should be boiled fifteen or twenty minutes; half an hour if old.
Green peas should be boiled from twenty minutes to sixty, according to their age;
string beans the same.
Corn should be boiled from twenty minutes to forty, according to age.
Beet-tops should be boiled twenty minutes; and spinnage three or four minutes. Put in no green vegetables till the water boils, if you would keep all their sweetness.
Tomorrow's Story …
Having a ball with food.
Quotation for the Day …
Jeff Smith (the Frugal Gourmet)


text:
Originally posted on NewDeal20.org
Americans have always been known to have a "can-do" spirit. During the 1930s, the Roosevelt administration tried out many different programs to confront the Great Depression and to spread rural electrification and support agriculture. Nowadays, however, much of the political spectrum seems to have turned to a "can't do" spirit. The sequence is often the following: Left-of-center ideas are proposed to solve some long-term, gigantic problem. The Right says that the government can't implement the idea because if the market had liked the idea it would have happened, and since the market didn't do it…it can't be done. The center-right looks at the world as it currently is, notes the Right's reaction to the Left, and then, with furrowed-brow and a studied look of being "realistic", announces that the progressives proposals are…can't do.
A prime example of this "realistic" impulse can be found on display in an article by Michael Lind of the New America Foundation, entitled "Goodbye, Bullet Trains and Wind Mills," at Salon.com. Even though high-speed rail and wind farms are expanding at prodigious rates around the globe, in the U.S., it's all "no we can't". While it would take a longer article than this to challenge all of Lind's factual inaccuracies, let me concentrate on a few of the larger errors of his ways.
First, he invents the strawmen of "greens" who hate cars, and "urbanists" who despise suburbs, who have somehow hijacked that repository of caution and timidity, the Democratic Party. In real "reality", most greens live in suburbs and drive cars, simply because most Americans do. In my experience, environmentalists are scared to even mention alternatives to car travel, lest potential supporters run away in panic. Anybody who dares to raise a voice for designing walkable neighborhoods does so in the most hushed tones. Besides James Howard Kunstler, I'm not sure who Lind is talking about (Disclosure: I don't have a driver's license and I prefer Manhattan-style neighborhoods). Meanwhile, the allegedly brainwashed Democratic Party continues to support many times more funding for highways than for transit, continuing the trend between 1978 and 1999 when half of all transportation money went to highways, and 15% to rail and transit; meanwhile, one of the few items in Obama's 2011 budget that declines is funding for rail.
Second, Lind argues that because we don't currently have high-speed rail and a significant percentage of our electricity generated from wind power , it won't ever happen. What would he have said in 1900? There were 4,000 cars made that year, and 6 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. Now we have about 250 million cars and 4,000 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. In the 1950s and 1960s, we spent over $400 billion in current dollars to construct probably the largest "socialist" project in world history, the Interstate Highway System. The U.S. High-Speed Rail Association estimates that it would cost about $600 billion to build a 17,000 mile system in 20 years. The same sum would build a large chunk of a continent-spanning wind network that would take advantage of the fact that wind is always blowing somewhere. We spent decades and trillions of dollars building the suburbs; why can't we do the same to build up dense, walkable cities and towns? Why is something possible in the past, but not in the future?
Third, Lind proposes an alternative - more of the same. More nuclear power plants, more highways for more trucks, more airports, more asphalt and concrete, more natural gas, and apparently, more sprawl (Lind's colleague at New America Foundation, the oil expert Lisa Margonelli, doesn't do much better). Since Lind dissed rail by proclaiming that it is oh-so-19th century, it might surprise readers to know that the most recent development in transportation technology has been high-speed rail. Cars and trucks predate diesel locomotives; electrified freight rail is more than 10 times more efficient than trucks. An efficient car wastes 99% of its energy, using only 1% to actually move the human occupants. And Lind doesn't even consider looming, permanent price increases in oil as it becomes harder and harder to find more oil - even in places one mile under the Gulf of Mexico.
However, I agree with Lind in one area - we need "more government spending for years to come", and "massive public investment in infrastructure that increases long-term U.S. economic growth ". That's exactly what a multi-trillion dollar, multi-decade program of building high-speed rail, intra-city rail such as trolleys and subways, wind farms across the country and off-shore, and myriad other renewable energy and rail-based projects, would accomplish. These systems use all parts of the core of a modern industrial system - machine tools, semiconductors, high-skill labor, advanced materials, cutting-edge engineering, and more. I like to think that if the New Dealers were around today, they would agree that we can do it, yes we can!
You can read a response from Michael Lind, "Are liberals permitted to prefer buses to trains: A reply to Jon Rynn"


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These are some new fabric flowers I've been working on lately.
They're really a version of this flower but much smaller in scale and I've been trying to make them closed tighter, more like a bud than a fully open flower.
The fabric is new and I adore it! Not only is it in two shades of purple, magenta and burgundy, but it also singes like a dream and makes wonderful petals which in turn can make all sorts of wonderful flowers.
I made these into men's boutonnieres but I'm sure they will also make the cutest floral bobby pins.
And a brooch for the lapel of my winter coat....
Linked to:


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This product is currently sold out.
Fit into most if not ALL cushion compact!!! Perfect for travelling! Keep the Original SiliSponge at your makeup station, and bring StarDust with you everywhere you go!
Wasting products is history now cos, of course, it doesn't soak up a thing!
The amount of liquid or cream products needed is about half the amount compared to directly using brush or sponge. Spreading product with it will take some getting used to, final blending can always be finished with oval brush or usual sponge (for example beautyblender), that means washing the oval brush or the sponge will be minimized and they will last a whole lot longer.
It's hygienic!
It is ideal for people who don't like messy fingers during makeup. AND I bet you can imagine cleaning THIS APPLICATOR will literally take no more effort than rubbing it with a little soap and rinsing with some luke warm water. If you are a professional makeup artist, can you imagine how exciting it is that you can use it on one client/model, clean it with a makeup remover and sanitizing spray, and then you can use it on another client/model immediately just like that? Throwing away disposable sponge can totally be minimized!!!!
- Take the littlest amount of cream/liquid product and go in circular motions or back and forth to spread, until it stop spreading further.
- Tap repeatedly to blend and settle, pay attention to edges (jawlines, hairlines, around the eyes. Hold the long sides and fold to create a "point" to do detailing.
- Build coverage as needed.
To clean, use mild soap and rinse it with lukewarm water, pad dry and store. Keep away from sharp objects like your tweezers or brow scissors, and it will last for a very long time!


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Just Perfect: People Glamorizes Plastic Surgery Addiction
LatestHeidi Montag is "Addicted To Plastic Surgery," but so what? Getting 10 cosmetic procedures in one day is a great way to validate your distorted body image and bump the President of the United States off the cover of People.
On November 20, 2009 Heidi Montag spent 10 hours getting a series of cosmetic surgery procedures, including increasing her breast implants to a DDD, getting "sexy ears", and arching her brow, which Dr. Frank Ryan, her plastic surgeon, admits "isn't commonly done" to 23-year-olds. In the accompanying 7-page interview, Heidi explains that she wanted to get the operations because her dream is to become a pop star and "it's a superficial industry." She adds,
I would say the biggest reason is to feel better, to feel perfect. I was made fun of when I was younger, and so I had insecurities, especially after I moved to L.A. People said I had a "Jay Leno chin"; they'd circle it on blogs and say nasty things. It bothered me. And when I watched myself on The Hills, my ears would be sticking out likle Dumbo! I just wanted to feel more confident and look in the mirror and be like, "Whoa! That's me!" I was an ugly duckling before.
Though People asking, "has she gone too far?" on the cover, suggests that there's some kind of discussion about the dangers of plastic surgery in the magazine, Heidi is basically allowed to spew comments about how surgery was the answer to all of her body image issues. Even magazines like In Touch and Life & Style will usually consult with a "doctor who doesn't treat the star" and tack on several paragraphs cautioning against becoming addicted to altering your appearance.
People only cites two doctors in its piece. Dr. Ryan justifies operating on Heidi, saying, "She's doing what every other celebrity does… They just don't talk about it." The second doctor gets in six words in a sidebar on the last page. In the only challenge to Heidi advocating going under the knife, the magazine points out that about 5 to 10 percent of people who get cosmetic surgery have body dysmorphic disorder, a condition in which people look normal, "'but they see a distorted image,' says Jamie Feusner M.D., a psychiatrist who heads UCLA's BDD Research Program."
Heidi is allowed to do whatever she wants to her body, but her comments about the way she saw herself "before" are still extremely sad. Even if you hate Speidi and their media-whoring, it's hard not to feel bad for a young woman who, when asked about "changing what God gave her" says she knows, "It's what's inside that God cares about," then goes on to publicly disparage her natural body saying, "I honestly was never the prettiest girl. I was more like the frumpy sidekick to Lauren [Conrad]."
Yesterday Emmy Rossum Tweeted about Heidi's cover,
It upsets me to see young women in the spotlight advocating plastic surgery. ANY surgery is extremely dangerous&should not be taken lightly, ..much less, used as a tool to increase notoriety or popularity… By putting this on magazine covers, we are somehow legitimizing the dangerous lengths to which some will go for fame and "beauty"
Judging from the public reaction to the songs Heidi has already released, it seems unlikely that her new appearance will catapult her to pop music stardom. However as Rossum points out, the surgery has already allowed her to increase her notoriety by appearing on the cover of People, while just recently she had a hard time getting on the cover of one of the far less legitimate celebrity weeklies.
Heidi already wants another procedure to make her breasts even bigger because when she posed for Playboy, "I didn't fill out one of the bras and they had to Photoshop my boobs bigger and it was disheartening." She says this is just the beginning of what she wants to have done and, "I plan to keep using surgery to make me as perfect as I can be." And why shouldn't she? People's editors have deemed a reality star's quest for "perfection" more important than an exclusive interview with the President and First Lady.
Six months ago the media was teeming with commentary on how tragic it was that Michael Jackson died never being at peace with his appearance, and many people lamented that a cosmetic surgeons never told him enough was enough. Now when another (albeit far less talented) person in the spotlight announces that she's "obsessed" with surgery, magazines reward her with fame and publish photos for the public to scrutinize every inch of her more "perfect" body. Charming, that.
@emmyrossum [Twitter]
Heidi Montag: Addicted to Plastic Surgery [People]
Earlier: Obamas' Discuss Mammograms & Tiger Woods, Offer Movie Recommendations


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A few weeks ago, I had to speak five times in one day. I knew it would require a lot of me mentally and emotionally. My goal is always to give 110 percent. I want nothing left on the table when I finish.
But, for some reason, I woke up that morning in a funk. I don't know why. It was one of those things I couldn't explain. But I didn't like it and knew I needed to get myself in a better place if I was going to deliver on my goal.
There was a time when I thought I couldn't change my attitude. I viewed myself as the victim of mysterious forces that shaped my emotional state. It never occurred to me that I could shift it—almost instantly.
But as I have learned since, we have more control than we think. Moreover, Tony Robbins taught me how to apply this principle to my emotional state. Without question, it is the single most important life skill I have acquired.
Let me elaborate.
You can instantly shift your attitude by taking the following three actions:
- Shift your mental focus. This is where it starts. I can choose what I think about. For example, I can think, Argh, I have to speak five times today. Or, I can think, Wow, I get to speak five times today. This is so important, that I have literally written down a script that I recite before I speak. This is how I prime the pump:
- I am not here by accident. God sent me. To these people. At exactly this time.
- That's because He has a purpose; therefore, I have a purpose in being here.
- Through Christ, I can do all things. He has given me every resource I need to succeed.
- I have the energy, the passion, and the message to make a huge impact—now and for eternity.
- What I have to share today is vitally important. It matters. To them and to their loved ones.
- Those that hear it will be changed forever. Years from now, they will look back on today and say, "It started here."
- By God's grace, I am prepared. I am strong. I am energetic. I am outstanding. My heart is wide open. I will connect and make a difference!
- Change your posture. Do you know that every emotion has physical attributes? For example, if I say to you, "act like you are depressed," you would likely slump your shoulders, tilt your head down, and rub your face. You would frown and your breathing might slow down.
If I say to you, "act like you won the lottery," you would likely jump up and down, thrust your arms up into the air, and scream with joy. You would smile and your breathing might speed up.
Does the emotion cause the action or does the action cause the emotion? The truth is, it doesn't matter. If you smile, for example, and hold it for several seconds, it will change your biochemistry.
In an article published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, a team of psychologists at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts, showed that simply having people put their facial muscles in a configuration typical of a given emotion produced the feeling that the expressions represent. (See this article in the New York Times and this one in Scientific American.)
- Watch your language. Our words are more important than we think. They reflect our thinking. But they sometimes influence our thinking as well.
Words have tremendous power. King Solomon reminds us, "Death and life are in the power of the tongue, and those who love it will eat its fruit (Proverbs 18:21).
But rarely do we apply these words to the language we use in talking to ourselves. For example, you ask someone, "How are you doing?" They respond, "Well, I'm surviving." Strangely, those words shape their reality—or at least their perception of it. They end up barely getting by.
Conversely, I have another friend who always replies, "Outstanding!" This too shapes his reality. He always seems to be doing well. I know he has challenges, but his words empower him and give him the resources he needs to overcome them.
Honestly, this formula works for me every time—almost like a recipe. If I am deliberate about taking these three actions, my emotional state shifts.
The good news is that this puts me—and you—in control. And often this spells the difference between success and failure.
Have your doubts? Take the seven day challenge. Try this for seven days and see if it doesn't make a difference. Report back with your results. I'd love to hear.
Disclosure of Material Connection: Some of the links in the post above are "affiliate links." This means if you click on the link and purchase the item, we will receive an affiliate commission. Regardless, we only recommend products or services we use and believe will add value to our readers. We are disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission's 16 CFR, Part 255: "Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising.


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- In 1914, Norway celebrated its centenary by debuting "The Congo Village," a piece in which 80 Africans were put on display, living in cabins with palm roofs surrounded by African artifacts. Now, artists Mohamed Ali Fadlabi and Lars Cuzner plan to re-create this piece in Norway as a means of "remembering a forgotten event." What other horrific ideas can we recreate? [The Art Newspaper]
- The Atlantic has a nice profile on Doom Patrol, a short-lived troupe of misfit superheroes; they once fought a Dadaist supervillian group that attempted to enclose all of Paris within a gigantic painting. [The Atlantic]
- We all know that Russia is asserting claims on "New Russia," but what else is going on in the country? Since January 2014, the cost of buying live pigs has risen by 40 percent. [Pig Progress]
- Some people think wedding photographers can refuse to work at same-sex ceremonies because they're artists, and artists are free to express themselves. [The Week]
- Los Angeles is sitting on 7.5 million dollars worth of funding for public art. Much has been unused since 2007. [The Los Angeles Times]
- David Kordansky will move into a 20,000 square foot Kulapat Tantrasat designed space on South La Brea in Los Angeles this September. [Baer Faxt]
- Artprice.com is looking for art economist. [Baer Faxt]
- "Hot trends such as painted pornography; fluorescent paint; sculpture with mirrors, spray foam, and yarn were mistaken for art because artists believed blind pleasure-seeking could be made to seem insightful when described ironically." [Salon]
- A fascinating interactive feature on how Americans die. [Bloomberg]
Thursday Links: Hot Trends and a Human Zoo
by Paddy Johnson and Corinna Kirsch on April 17, 2014 Massive Links
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Below is the full text of Oskar Freysinger's speech in Berlin last Saturday, as translated by JLH. Note: Mr. Freysinger departed from the prepared text when he spoke, so this version differs slightly from what can be heard in the video and audio recordings.
A full report on the day's events is here.
Speech by Oskar Freysinger in Berlin
September 3, 2011
Berlin is worth a trip. Especially today. Especially here. Because here and now an important signal is being given to the peoples of Europe. The signal for a European Spring! To offset the autumn mood in the EU. So that, instead of the mood of doom, finally a mood of awakening will come. An awakening in the name of freedom!
Yes, yes, cherished FREIHEIT! That is also the name of the party here in Germany that offers an alternative to bureaucratism, centralism, loss of democracy, uncontrolled immigration and Islamization. An alternative to self-destruction.
My dear Berlin friends, I come to you today as a neighbor. And as a concerned friend.
Since I am a citizen of a small country which is put under greater and greater pressure by the EU, it is near to my heart to support the truly democratic forces in the EU conglomerate. Only if these forces prevail can I hope that the Great Power pretensions of the EU will be abandoned and its relationship to Switzerland will at last be shaped in the way it should be between civilized and respectful neighbors.
Freedom is one of the democratic forces I count on. But why does the EU exert this kind of massive pressure — economically, financially and politically — on my country? Is it arrogance? Greed? Envy? All of those may apply, but the true reason lies deeper.
The EUSSR will no longer tolerate the existence of a small country in the heart of the continent, whose people still want to decide their own fate. A prudent, little bit of a folk that has thus far withstood the over-indebtedness which is playing hell with the states reined in by globalization.
For that is the goal of all global financial institutions and international monetary funds: The weakening of nation-states in order to lead them to their dubious "good fortune." The wealth of peoples is destroyed en masse, so that the weakened states can be reduced to willing agents of a global dogma.
We Swiss hate every form of paternalism! We want no patronizing, no foreign judges! Our citizens are independent and imaginative enough to take their fate into their own hands.
Just picture this: On the southern border of Germany is a country in which 53% of the people have voted for deportation of criminal aliens; a land in which every minor rise in the VAT must be approved by referendum. Who is surprised that the VAT is still at 8% in Switzerland while it has reached 20% in the EU?
A study by the French economic expert Yvan Blot demonstrates that where state
affairs are voted on directly and democratically, the rates of duties and taxes are on average 30% lower than where state affairs are decided exclusively on administrative and policy grounds.
We watch our own wallets more carefully than other people's money. There lies the future of the continent. Not in further expansion of a bureaucratic and centralized monster that will one day swallow its own children.
In Switzerland, the power is still in the hands of the people. We Helvetians were able to vote on entry to the EU… and wisely looked the other way. In retrospect, this decision has proven to be a great good fortune.
How did that work in Germany? Elites distanced from the people decided for the people. The same elite who introduced the euro, which, at one blow, caused a 30% loss of purchasing power for the average German citizen.
In Switzerland, the possible introduction of the euro had to be approved by the people. You can just picture the result.
Of course, the strong Franc would then be no problem for our export economy, but we would be stuck in the euro trap like the others and would have to bleed financially for a completely broken-down statist system, just as the German taxpayer has been doing for years. Better to stay flexible and economically independent.
Direct democracy means that the optional or obligatory referendum underlies every law proposed by parliament, and nothing can be decided over the heads of the people. Direct democracy means that determined citizens can launch initiatives with 100,000 signatures, which must be put before the people. This gives political decisions much greater legitimacy than the usual parliamentary resolutions. No one in Switzerland would think of questioning a decision by referendum which was approved by 50-70%. What the people have decided is valid and everyone has to adhere to that, Period. Even the administration. Especially the administration.
That is how it was with the famous/notorious anti-minaret initiative in which I was the anti-muezzin. 58% of the Swiss population decided in November, 2009 to prevent the occupation of public space by the dominating symbols of a religious dogma.
This decision by the last free population in Europe had a signal effect. In its wake, decisions were made about the veiling of women in France and Belgium and the construction of a Saudi-financed giant mosque in Norway was prevented. The dhimmi attitude of Europeans sustained a wound which must not heal over, if the millennia-old European civilization is to survive.
For Europe is more than a plot of land, more than a continent, more than the sum of its countries. Europe is an idea, a cultural landscape, an intellectual space shaped by history. Europa is the cradle of the modern constitutional state, the treasure-house of human rights, of freedom of opinion and expression.
This is ever more strongly endangered by the possibility that our political elite will bend their necks before a religious dogma that is alien to our intellectual history, our values and our constitutional state.
This dogma is gnawing away at the pillars of our system of laws, wherever it is allowed some space. This dogma demands total obedience from its followers. They are in no case to integrate into our value system. That would be like treason and can even be punished with death. They are expected to conquer our intellectual home, make the Western world subject. Not with tanks, rockets or riflemen. Not through brutal revolution.
No, Islam is in no hurry. It has an eternity.
A long process of softening up and leisurely occupation of our weakening, child-poor society is foreseen. The Islamic doctrine is expected to gradually creep into everyday life and Fortress Europe will crumble from within. Just think of how the Serbs lost Kosovo. Through demographic development and the help of NATO, which brought about the founding of the first Islamic state on European ground. What an ominous sign.
The Islamic dogma is succeeding everywhere. In Turkey, the Islamists are gradually occupying all judicial and army posts, in order to obliterate the heritage of Kemal Atatürk. Lebanon will become an Islamic state in the next decades, The Arab Spring is on the point of being taken over by the Islamists. In Iraq, in Egypt and in Pakistan, the last Christian communities are facing extinction,
And what are we doing? We are allowing this violent doctrine, unhindered in cultural ghettos, to strain at toppling the nation of laws. We just shrug our shoulders when girls are forced into marriage and Muslims willing to integrate are pressured and threatened. When women are beaten and whole city districts are taken over, we look the other way. We believe we can soften the power hunger of the holy warriors with welfare money.
We believe we can buy peace! What lunacy! No one fingers the Prophet's beard. Fanatics cannot be bought. Germany should know that better than any other country in the world.
My dear friends in the audience, we are not fighting against people, we are fighting for people! We are fighting against a dogma that is anathema to every aspect of humanity and would like to lead us back into barbarism. We do not intend to give up the freedom we have fought so hard for over the centuries.
Dear Berliners, here I stand, and I cannot do otherwise, lest soon no human being in this Europe will be able to take the responsibility for what represents the pillar of our culture, of our system of law and of our humanity: transcendent, unconditional love of neighbor.
If we lose this battle, there will be no second chance, for Islam does not give back what it has conquered. So I summon all the humanists of this continent not to keep their heads in the sand and to resist the Islamic dogma's drive to conquest. Let us stand together and uncompromisingly insist upon the primacy of our civil law over any religious dogma. Let us find our way back to our precious intellectual heritage.
Islam is only as strong as we are weak.
Let us oppose it with more than McDonald's, soap operas, stupefying TV programs and brutal video games. Our culture has so much more to offer. Let us get back to depth and endurance, to organic growth. Let us stay alert and critical, so long as even a grain of Socrates lives on in us. Let us no longer subject our spirit to the dictates of the material. Only that way can we prevent brutal power politics being spread in the name of religion. Only that way do we have chance to leave our children a peaceful Europe, shaped by respect and dignity.
Long live die Freiheit! (Long live freedom!)


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The company InspirationCrafts offers you a wonderful and exquisite Bead Organizer box with wooden lid. The organizer consists of one tier and has 12 sections for sorting beads. Spacious organizer cells can accommodate the beads needed for a fairly large project, and an exquisite wooden lid will not allow your supplies to crumble at the most inopportune moment.
From now on, you can safely take embroidery on the road and not worry about the safety of the beads! The lid of the organizer, securely fixed with powerful magnets, will take care of everything by itself!
The size, cm: 15x15x14
Material: Plywood
Number of cells: 12
This product is Made in Ukraine. This is not a Chinese product!
When buying any kit, we give a NICE GIFT from our store.


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Interactive TutorialsDiode LasersSemiconductor diode lasers having sufficient power output to be useful in optical microscopy are now available from a host of manufacturers. In general these devices operate in the infrared region, but newer diode lasers operating at a variety of specific visible wavelengths are rapidly being developed. Diode lasers coupled to internal optical systems that improve beam shape and stability are now able to rival helium-neon lasers in many fluorescence microscopy applications. This interactive tutorial explores the properties of typical diode lasers and how specialized anamorphic prisms can be utilized for beam expansion. The tutorial initializes by displaying a blue diode laser in full operation and coupled to an Anamorphic Prism System set with an orientation that yields a 2x beam expansion. Light from the Laser Diode first passes through a three-element Collimating Lens System before entering a window and the first prism. In order to operate the tutorial, use the Prism Orientation slider to alter the relative position of the two anamorphic prism elements, subsequently modifying the degree of laser beam expansion between a range of 2x and 6x. The size and shape of the corresponding input and output beams are displayed in the lower portion of the tutorial window, and are modified as the slider is translated. The beam can be halted before exiting the laser housing by placing a checkmark in the Activate Shutter check box. Upon initialization, the tutorial displays the diode laser beam as a solid blue line that changes width upon translation of the Prism Orientation slider. The beam will be altered to simulate particles when the Particles check box is activated. Diode lasers are fabricated utilizing a specialized type of semiconductor junction, and therefore share many of the advantages and characteristics of other semiconductors and solid-state devices. Although these lasers rely on electronic processes that take place in a solid semiconductor medium, the basic principles of laser action in diode lasers are no different from those controlling the operation of other (non-semiconductor) laser systems. In all lasers, it is necessary for energy transitions to occur among electrons in the lasing medium, and some of these must involve the emission of photons (categorized as optical transitions). In order for these transitions to result in emission of amplified light, the process of stimulated emission must predominate over either spontaneous emission or absorption. This situation is achieved under the conditions of a population inversion in the active medium, a process whereby the electron population of an upper energy level is induced to grow larger than that of a lower level. In non-semiconductor lasers, which typically employ a single gas or gas mixture as the active laser medium, electron energy transitions occur within populations of individual atoms or molecules to produce the required population inversions. For semiconductor materials utilized for diode lasers, the flow of electrons within the crystalline solid must take place in a specific and predictable manner in order to produce a functioning laser. A single crystal semiconductor behaves in many respects as a large extended molecule, and its electronic and vibrational motions occur at discrete energy levels predicted by quantum theory. The energy levels of individual atoms and molecules in a gaseous laser medium can vary significantly in relatively large steps. However, in a crystalline solid, a very large number of electron levels occur that differ very little in energy or in quantum number. In general, the energies of individual levels tend to group together into nearly continuous energy bands, the lowest of which is the fully occupied (filled) band that is made up of the inner electrons of the crystal's atoms. These tightly bound electrons do not take part in the bonding among constituent atoms of the solid. Instead, the bonding role is undertaken by electrons residing in the valence band, which consists of electrons at higher energy levels that interact in pairs to form somewhat-localized bonds between the atoms of the solid. Another band, termed the conduction band, also exists in the solid state at a still-higher energy level. Conduction band electrons are similar in energy to electrons that have been elevated to an excited state in individual atoms or molecules, and these have a high degree of freedom to move about within the solid. The difference in energy between the valence and conduction bands is defined as the band gap for a particular material. Energy relationships of the bands in different types of materials, including insulators, semiconductors, and conductors, are presented in Figure 1. The band gap energy is represented by the variable E(g), while kT is the thermal excitation energy and E(f) is the Fermi energy. The range in magnitude of the band gap is critical to understanding the nature of electron conduction in semiconductors. In order for a solid to conduct electricity, its resistance must be low enough for electrons to move more or less freely throughout the bulk of the material. In insulators, the valence band is fully occupied and the only means by which an electron can move from atom to atom is for a valence electron to be displaced into the conduction band, which requires a substantial expenditure of energy. This behavior is consistent with the high resistance to electrical flow in insulators. Conductors, such as many of the common metals, have valence and conductance bands that partially overlap in energy (see Figure 1), such that a subset of the electrons from the valence band actually reside in the conductance band. The band gap is essentially zero for these materials, and with some of the valence electrons moving freely into the conductance band, vacancies or holes occur in the valence band. Electrons move, with very little energy input, into holes that occupy bands of adjacent atoms, and the holes migrate freely in the opposite direction. The movement of electrons and holes throughout the solid is the mechanism by which current is carried. Semiconductors have electrical resistance values that are intermediate between those of insulators and conductors because these materials have band gaps that are small, but finite (as illustrated in Figure 1). Normal thermal agitation is sufficient to move a small number of electrons into the conduction band, and resistance can be reduced by increasing the temperature. Many semiconductor devices are designed so that application of a voltage produces the change in equilibrium electron population distribution that is necessary for current flow. The simplest and most commonly utilized semiconductor is silicon, where each atom in the solid form shares electrons with four neighbors in a tetrahedral symmetry. Silicon is the example most often employed to illustrate various properties of semiconductors, although many important materials in diode laser applications are compounds of groups III and V elements, including gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, and indium arsenide. Even though the band arrangement is similar for all semiconductors, there are large differences in the band gap and in the distribution of electrons among the bands at specific temperature conditions. Pure silicon does not have a sufficient number of charge carriers under ambient conditions to be practical for devices such as the diode laser. However, the properties of silicon, as well as those of other semiconductor materials, can be modified during synthesis by the introduction of varying amounts of impurities into the crystalline lattice, a process known as doping (see Figure 2). Using the silicon lattice as an example in Figure 2, introduction of a small amount of a group III element results in an electron deficit, or electron hole (the blue atoms), in the crystalline lattice when compared to the normal electron sharing arrangement in pure silicon. In contrast, addition of a group V element as a dopant (the red atoms in Figure 2) produces an excess electron that is not a shared member of the lattice, and therefore is mobile within the structure. Semiconductor materials that are modified, or doped, in this manner are termed n-type semiconductors if they have excess electrons, and p-type semiconductors if they contain excess holes. At the junction between regions of p-type and n-type semiconductor materials, an unusual set of electronic conditions exists that comprises the basis for all semiconductor-based devices, including the diode laser. When these two types of semiconductor materials are closely joined, any shift of the equilibrium distribution among energy levels can cause a current to flow across the p-n junction (see Figures 2 and 3). In semiconductor devices, a voltage applied to the junction provides a shift in the Fermi level (the deviation from statistical, or Boltzmann, electron population distribution) on opposite sides of the junction, and electrons move toward the p-type region, while holes simultaneously flow into the n-type region. In some cases, the system can relax back to the equilibrium electron distribution through the emission of a photon by the spontaneous emission process. The band gap of the material determines the energy of the emitted photon. Emission of light resulting from the recombination of electrons and holes in the p-n junction region is the underlying mechanism of the light emitting diode (LED), which is directly related to diode laser function. Illustrated in Figure 3 is a representation of the band structure from a typical p-n semiconductor junction. As discussed previously, if electron transitions in a material can be induced to produce a population inversion, and the consequent statistically higher probability of stimulated emission, then a net light amplification results. In a typical laser, the light produced is confined to the active medium, and opposing mirrors are utilized to produce multiple reflections within the medium in order to increase the gain in light output from the laser cavity. One of the mirrors is designed to totally reflect light back into the cavity, while the other is able to transmit a portion of the amplified light as the output beam. This simple scheme is the primary basis for laser function. At the junction between p-type and n-type semiconductors, a population inversion can be created among the energy levels of electrons and holes if sufficient electrical energy is applied to the junction. With the dominance of stimulated emission that results from a population inversion, the only remaining requirement for laser action is to confine emission so that it is directed primarily along the junction boundaries, and undergoes amplification or gain before being emitted from the semiconductor material. In diode laser devices, confinement of emitted light to the optical cavity is often achieved by applying reflective coatings to opposite ends of the laser crystal. However, in some cases, even this simple step is not required. Because the refractive index of most semiconductor materials is significantly higher than that of air, sufficient internal reflection occurs at the boundaries of the crystal to confine the emission and sustain laser action in many laser materials. Figure 4 illustrates the structure of a simple gallium arsenide diode laser. Most diode lasers are based on crystal wafers of group III-V compounds from the periodic chart of elements. Those fabricated from gallium arsenide and its derivatives typically lase at wavelengths between 660 and 900 nanometers, and those utilizing indium phosphide-based compounds produce wavelengths between 1300 and 1550 nanometers. The dominant segment of the market is the shorter-wavelength lasers, with the most common application being in digital optical signal storage and retrieval, such as compact disc audio systems and read/write devices. The longer-wavelength diode lasers are primarily used by the telecommunications industries for fiber optic data transmission. Diode lasers can respond very rapidly, and in a linear fashion, to changes in driving current, which is a significant advantage in telecommunications transmission. The capability of a light source to be modulated at extremely high rates enables an enormous number of signals to be carried on a single optical fiber. As the technology surrounding the diode laser has evolved, dramatic improvements have been made in the efficiency, spectral characteristics, and functional lifetime of the devices. A primary objective in design of these lasers is preventing internal loss of radiation due to excessive beam spread from the small junction, where gain occurs. Through various techniques for confining the beam, not only is the efficiency and output power of the laser maximized, but also certain other characteristics of the beam are affected in a desirable manner. Application of a specialized heterojunction (a junction between two different materials) is one mechanism by which the natural properties of the semiconductor junction are exploited to confine a laser beam. The most common heterojunction utilized in diode lasers is formed between gallium arsenide and gallium aluminum arsenide. Improvements in laser operation utilizing this design result from the fact that band gap differences between dissimilar materials serves to confine either electrons or holes to the junction region (increasing optical gain). Emitted light is also largely restricted to the region due to refractive index discontinuities of the heterojunction. The double-heterojunction is another advance that benefits from confinement of both charge carriers and photons to the active region, yielding further improvements in efficiency. Although the junction properties and configuration can be manipulated to confine the diode laser beam to the plane of the junction, other modifications in wafer geometry are often employed to further restrict the beam. Numerous variations in diode architecture are applied to achieve specific operational goals, such as high power or bandwidth tuning, but two of the most basic mechanisms for beam spread control are gain-guiding and index-guiding. With the gain-guided design, utilized since the earliest diode lasers, photons are concentrated in the vicinity of the greatest charge carrier flux created in the junction, which is determined by the shape of the metallic electrode strip on the wafer surface. The index-guided design relies upon a waveguide groove that is formed in the wafer during the deposition process. The groove, adjacent to the active junction, creates a geometry that confines laser radiation on four sides by refractive index discontinuities. The index-guided laser has an additional advantage in that it reduces astigmatism of the output beam, an unfortunate feature of the diode laser that must be eliminated for many applications. In spite of their numerous advantages, some of the output beam properties exhibited by diode lasers are not appropriate for specific applications, and must be corrected by addition of optical elements or other by mechanisms. The output of most diode lasers consists of a single transverse mode that is equivalent to the TEM(00) mode of conventional laser systems. The intensity profile in the transverse direction of the beam is pseudo-Gaussian, which is desirable for most laser applications in optical microscopy. However, the beam emitted from a typical diode laser is highly elliptical, and the specification of beam divergence as compared to that of a symmetrical Gaussian beam differs significantly. Figure 4, which outlines the basic structure of a diode laser, also illustrates the beam ellipticity upon emission from the output face of the active layer. The beam asymmetry results from the fact that a typical junction may have a thickness of only 0.1 micrometer, but may extend to 5 micrometers or greater in width. As a result, divergence in the plane parallel to the junction layer can be 5 or 6 times less than in the direction perpendicular to the layer. The collimated beam will exhibit divergence at a distance that is different in the two directions. If this beam asymmetry is important for a particular application, it can be corrected with specialized optical systems, such as anamorphic prisms, which function by expanding the minor axis of the output beam. The tutorial illustrates the placement and utilization of these prisms in the optical path of a typical diode laser system. Beam astigmatism is another potential disadvantage of laser diodes, particularly in gain-guided designs. Because the beam dimension is defined by properties in the plane of the junction that differ from those in the plane perpendicular to the junction, the beam appears to diverge from different points when viewed from those two orthogonal directions. Index-guided lasers dramatically reduce astigmatism, but commercial laser diodes typically exhibit as much as 5 micrometers of uncorrected astigmatism. The easiest technique for correcting astigmatism is the introduction of a weak cylindrical lens. However, if complete removal of the aberration is necessary, the laser system should provide adjustable auxiliary lens components (such as a positive or negative lens to add or subtract power from the axes). Low power diode lasers are typically manufactured in a package that includes a photodiode employed to monitor the laser output in order to act as a feedback power control. In addition, planar glass window usually seals the output end of the integrated package (see Figure 4). Spherical aberrations introduced by this window must be corrected in the design of the beam-modifying optics in order to achieve optimum performance. The high divergence of diode lasers can be corrected by utilization of a high numerical aperture compound-element collimating lens, which can also be designed so that the first element of the lens system eliminates aberrations from the glass window. Commercially available diode laser systems often combine the laser diode and beam correction optics into a pre-aligned head assembly. In these designs, a weak cylindrical lens placed after the beam-collimation lens system can correct the beam astigmatism mentioned previously, and ensure that the beam's apparent point of origin is the same in both orthogonal planes. Following collimation of the beam, in order to minimize far-field divergence, the elliptical cross-section must be transformed by expansion in one dimension to make it circular. An anamorphic prism pair, mounted as illustrated in the tutorial and Figure 5, can accomplish this expansion. Two identical prisms are mounted at an angle (approaching Brewster's angle) to the incident beam, which is then shifted by a small increment laterally, while being expanded in one direction (anamorphically). The magnitude of the expansion is determined by the angle between the two prisms. For optimum performance of a diode laser system, alignment tolerances are extremely small, usually on the order of micrometers. Interferometry is the only reliable method of carrying out the alignments and verifying the performance of the laser assembly. For this reason, most commercial assemblies combine all of the laser components in a rigid package that protects alignment and shields the optical components from dust. Contributing Authors Kenneth R. Spring - Scientific Consultant, Lusby, Maryland, 20657. Matthew J. Parry-Hill, Thomas J. Fellers and Michael W. Davidson - National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310. Questions or comments? Send us an email.© 1998-2022 by Michael W. Davidson and The Florida State University. All Rights Reserved. No images, graphics, scripts, or applets may be reproduced or used in any manner without permission from the copyright holders. Use of this website means you agree to all of the Legal Terms and Conditions set forth by the owners.
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Water Wave Human Hair Lace Closure
Product Details |
Hair Type |
100% Virgin Human Hair |
Length |
8-30 Inches |
Weight |
50g |
Hair Material |
100% Human Hair from single donor |
Can Be Dyed |
Yes. Natural colored can be dyed |
Density |
150% |
Items per Package |
1 Piece Only |
Last For |
2-3 years with good maintenance |
Hair Weft type |
Double machine wefted |
Texture |
Water Wave |
Floluxhair is 100% human hair from one donor
Shipping & Returns
Shipping & Returns
You can send an email to us, title as "Return + Order Number + Reason", we will response ASAP. If you don't want your order /or place wrong order/ or want a longer length/ you would like to exchange the order, you will pay for the return charge, and if you want refund will be reduced the 20$ from your amount (Shipping Fee).
You can check this Length Reference ( If you bought wavy or curly hair, you need to straighten it up before measuring its length ):
Care Instructions
Care Instructions
How to wash/care your hair/wig?
1. When you wash the hair, better to brush it first. Use warm water and hair shampoo to wash for twice. Then put hair conditioner equally on the hair for 5 minutes. Then wash it with cleaning water. Hair conditioner is very necessary every time when you wash your hair! We suggest you use high quality hair conditioner.
2. If you want to blow your hair dry, please blow to 80% dry, then keep the rest 20% to naturally dry, by this way, it will keep your hair away from drying and frizzy!
3. When you feel the hair is very dry, you can spray some hair oil. Meanwhile, when you wash the hair, you can pour little hair care oil into warm water and put the hair inside that warm water for 10 minutes around. The hair will be more silk and soft comparing before. But we don't suggest you use hair oil every day. Because hair oil may make your hair strands dry and hard!
4. If you want to get your hair curls back, better to use crimping iron to curl the hair according to its original curl shape again!
How to use wig/hair?
1. If you want your wig/hair looks natural/amazing as our post on FB/IG, you have better to book a professional hairstylist to install it.
2. If the hair is wavy or curly style, we don't suggest combing it. If you must, please comb it with hands or wide-teeth brush gently. Tight teeth brush will ruin the hair original shape and make it fizzy and feels like tangle! Please always comb the hair from the ends and work your way up.
3. When you dye the hair with bleach powder, please control the time within 5 minutes. If you dye it with dye cream, you need to control the time within 20 minutes. Otherwise, the hair will be damaged by cream if you leave it too long there.
4. When sleeping, please bond the hair with elastic band or wear a cap. It will avoid tangling or shapes changing. After waking up, please remove the band and comb through beginning at the ends and working your way up to the roots.
5. When swimming, we suggest wearing a swimming cap. Because the sea water or pool water is not good for hair, it will make the hair tangle and rough. It's better to wash it with warm water, with hair shampoo and hair conditioner after swimming.
For more hair care/usage tips, you can read our hair blogs or follow us @Floluxhair on YouTube / Facebook, we will often post tutorial videos about hair care and hair usage there!
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Amazing pigment dyed hoodie, great pastel look, with matching drawstrings to create that vintage aesthetic. This unisex midweight Independent Pigment Dyed Hoodie is created with full garment dying process making every garment unique with vintage character. They are created with cotton & polyester making them ultra soft. The hood provides extra protection against the cold. The pigment-dyeing process gives each garment unique character. Please allow for slight color variation in production and wa
- Eye catching and extremely comfortable
- Completed with quality construction
- Ribbing at cuffs and waistband for comfort
- Standard unisex fit
- Great print quality!
- 9oz (300 gm) 80% cotton/20% polyester blend
- ring spun cotton
- 100% cotton 30 singles face yarn
- split stitch double needle sewing on all seams
- 1 x 1 ribbing at cuffs and waistband
- sewn eyelets
- standard fit
For environmental and human friendly reason, this product is only made when you order it. Typically, this product will be made in about a week, we will send you tracking information as soon as it's in the mail.


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Local English Sayings. 'Black over Bill's mother'
Posted by James Briggs on May 18, 2002
In Reply to: Local English Sayings posted by Bob on May 18, 2002
: : : : : The link below is to
a small site of 'Black Country' sayings. The 'Black Country' is the old industrial
heart of England. Some of the Sayings I recognise as being used well outside that
part of England. Do others use them too?
: : : : : NB Please note lack of
: : : : (West Virginia/Kentucky) The only one that is familiar to me is "Well, e's took 'is eggs to a fine market, ay 'e?" Only our version is "He drove his geese to a fine market." (Speaking sarcastically.) I think that's how it goes.
: : : DRIVE ONE'S DUCKS TO A POOR MARKET -- To make a poor manager or to associate with the wrong people. Also to drive one's goose to a poor market. 'He's driving his goose to a poor market, Pa said.' (Jesse Stuart, (Kentucky writer) 'Plum Grove Hills') See also DROVE ONE'S DUCKS TO A PORE PUDDLE." From "Mountain Range: A Dictionary of Expressions from Appalachia to the Ozarks" by Robert Hendrickson, Facts on File, New York, 1997) And I've heard it said of someone marries an unsuitable person.
: : I've heard "up the wooden hills to Bedfordshire" used down South, and "for two pins..." was I think very widespread. As for "lommock" meaning clumsy idiot, there's an apparent variation down in the South East, namely "lummox". There also seems to be a Scottish phrase (!) within that linked list, namely "mythering/mithering" to mean crying. I remember my mother, who is Scots, using that term during my childhood.
: Lummox is familiar in the U.S.
: And here are some extra apostrophes.
The reason I found this site was because someone asked me the origin of 'black over Bill's mother'. I'd never heard of this, and certainly have no idea who Bill or his mother are. Any ideas?
- 'Black over Bill's mother's' R.Berg 05/18/02


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Updated at 10:24 p.m. ET
North Carolina Gov. Roy Cooper, a Democrat, said Tuesday that it's "very unlikely" the state can permit a packed Republican National Convention in Charlotte to go forward this summer.
"The people of North Carolina do not know what the status of COVID-19 will be in August, so planning for a scaled-down convention with fewer people, social distancing and face coverings is a necessity," Cooper wrote Republican National Committee Chairwoman Ronna McDaniel.
President Trump shot back Tuesday evening on Twitter, saying Cooper is "still in Shelter-In-Place Mode," and "we are now forced to seek another State to host the 2020 Republican National Convention."
An RNC official said Tuesday that it still hopes to conduct the official business of the convention in Charlotte but that President Trump may make his acceptance speech in a different city.
After Trump threatened to move the convention last week, top GOP officials gave Cooper a deadline of Wednesday to specify the conditions under which the convention in the 19,000-seat Spectrum Arena could proceed.
The uncertainty over the convention's fate comes less than three months before the gathering in a state that Trump won in 2016 and is crucial to his reelection effort.
"We are happy to continue talking with you about what a scaled-down convention would look like and still await your proposed plan for that," continued Cooper, whose state is continuing to see an increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations.
In a statement Tuesday, McDaniel said Cooper was "dragging his feet" and said RNC officials would begin visiting other cities and states that have offered to host the convention. Among the places that have been floated as potential replacements are Atlanta; Jacksonsville, Fla.; Orlando, Fla.; and Nashville, Tenn.
The back-and-forth between the GOP and Cooper's administration is the latest turn in its two-year rocky relationship with the convention.
'We would rather be incinerated than seem small-time'
The fast-growing city — one of the nation's leading financial centers — bid on the convention because it wanted to be on the world stage.
The city's longing to be recognized goes back decades, said Bob Morgan, a former leader of the city's Chamber of Commerce.
"We've long been ambitious like that," he said. "Someone once famously described us in the 1950s as saying that when the Russians launch missiles against the United States that if Charlotte's not on the list, we would be very disappointed. Because we would rather be incinerated than seem small-time."
That ambition — and insecurity — led to Charlotte hosting the Democratic National Convention in 2012 and to bid on Trump's renomination convention for this August.
But the mostly-Democratic city was embarrassed when it realized that no other municipality submitted a formal bid.
"I don't know where the quote comes from, but I know somebody said, 'There's a fool in every room and if you look around and can't find them, then maybe it's you,' " former City Council member Justin Harlow said in 2018, when the City Council voted 6-5 in favor of hosting. "It's important to ask why no other local government in America is bidding on this convention."
At the time, the debate over the convention focused on whether the city wanted to share the spotlight with the president's controversial policies, such as the separation of families at the U.S.-Mexican border.
Now the city's relationship with the GOP is further strained by the coronavirus pandemic and the sometimes-violent protests over the police killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis. Charlotte has had three nights of demonstrations that have resulted in at least 75 arrests and property damage to stores and offices.
For much of April and May, top Republicans, including McDaniel, said they were willing to hold a convention in line with Cooper's health mandates.
"Obviously we're going to put the safety of the attendees and the president and the vice president first and foremost," McDaniel said in May. "And if that means people wear masks, we're going to have people wear masks."
But Trump has expressed a desire for something different: a packed house with no face coverings or social distancing.
McDaniel shifted her position quickly, sending letters last week to the state's top health official two letters saying the GOP wanted a more-or-less normal convention, even though the state's current limit on indoor gatherings is 10 people.
The RNC has proposed that convention attendees pass a pre-convention health screening and have their temperature checked before entering the arena. It also proposed having hand sanitizer available and cleaning areas where people gather.
Mandy Cohen, the state's top health official, indicated on Monday that the state will not green light a normal convention.
"What we know about the spread of this virus is if you are indoors, close together, without 6 feet apart and without face covering, then the virus spreads," she said.
While the Republican National Committee has threatened to move the convention, a spokesperson for the committee, Rick Gorka, said last week that Charlotte will still be the host site – either with 19,000 people inside the arena or 100.
Republican Charlotte City Council member Ed Driggs, who supports bringing the convention here, said the two sides are far apart.
"I saw that letter from the RNC and I thought there is still a big gap," Driggs said. "It really is a tough situation. You talk about a rock and a hard place. I don't see any satisfactory way out."
The city has already started buying police equipment to prepare for the RNC. The Justice Department is contractually obligated to reimburse the city from a $50 million security grant, but, as a businessman, Trump has a history of unpaid bills, while the Trump campaign has refused to pay police security costs in some cities where it has held rallies.
Driggs said the city would go to court if it's not paid back.
Economic pain
The uncertainty around the convention comes as the city's tourism and hospitality industries are suffering.
Last month's revenue at the downtown DoubleTree hotel was $125,000, compared with $800,000 a year ago, said general manager Bill DeLoache.
He wants the RNC to come but is worried the two sides are too far apart.
"It was very disheartening, and I finally quit listening to the news because neither side really seemed to want to make it want to work," he said.
Democratic city council member Malcolm Graham says most emails and phone calls he receives from constituents are against hosting.
"People are now voicing concerns not only about the public health, but they're voicing concerns about the public safety — some of the inflammatory comments from the president over the past couple of days, rioting in the streets Charlotte," Graham said.
Copyright 2020 WFAE


text: Freddy Krueger 1Canvas SizeSelectAdd to CartBuy NowPRODUCT INFOAll of our canvas prints come already stretched on the frame with no assembly required. RETURN & REFUND POLICYTo return an item for refund, please email us an image of your delivered canvas print to email@example.com. Please include the reason you are requesting an exchange or refund, your name, email address, and we will respond back within 48 hours. SHIPPING INFOU.S. SHIPPING ONLY


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Meat Loaf Launching 'I'd Do Anything for Love' Reality Series
Meat Loaf is prepping a reality TV show based around his 1993 hit song "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)."
According to Deadline, each episode "will see couples compete in a variety of comedic physical games designed to reveal how well they can work together and how much they really trust and believe in each other."
"In each episode, two couples will put their relationship on the line for the show's cash prize," Deadline further explains. "After two rounds of absurd and sometimes frightening physical contests, inspired and accompanied by ballads, the couple on top will advance to the 'Endgame,' where their faith in each other will undergo the ultimate challenge."
In addition to executive producing the series, Meat Loaf will "feature as the ethereal figure behind the madness." The show will also include a musical element, with live in studio performances.
The program gets its title from "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)," the hit single from Meat Loaf's multi-platinum selling 1993 album Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell. The power ballad scored Meat Loaf the only No. 1 song of his career and remains among his most legendary tracks.
For the TV project, the rocker is teaming with the production company Nobody's Hero. The organization already has several successful reality series among its credits, including cooking competition shows Nailed It! and Best Leftovers Ever!.
This will not be Meat Loaf's first foray into the world of reality TV. In 2011, he appeared on the series Celebrity Apprentice, hosted by real estate developer - and future U.S. president - Donald Trump.


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Constellation of Crystal
Inspired by the stars themselves, this necklace is made from Crystal with 14K gold handmade bezels, set with 7 diamonds (in 4 variations of sizes) natural diamonds that sparkle just like the stars. For some extra style, we added a side diamond that is set directly on the chain.
* Please keep in mind these are natural hand-carved stones and they vary in color.
* When placing an order you can request for customized specifications such as size and color shades.
if you wish to customize this item contact us
Diamonds- 7=0.10ct + 1 Rosecut diamond=0.03ct
Stone Diameter- 20mm - 25mm
Stone thickness- 5mm
Size & Fit
Looks great layered with other necklaces!


text: Welcome to the world of candy bubble panda , which has a variety of bubbles and candies are waiting for you. Aim, shoot and blast all the candies in this addictive bubble shooter puzzle. Your mission is blast through each puzzle. You will spend hours of fun matching lines of the same candy and solving our amazing brain teasers puzzle