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Symptoms of macular hole development include sudden drop in central vision making reading difficult and frequently distortion of straight lines and text.
The macula is a highly sensitive area of the retina, in the eye, that is used for fine vision and reading. Symptoms of macular hole development include sudden drop in central vision making reading difficult and frequently distortion of straight lines and text.
The treatment of macular holes involves surgery. Recent advances in the technology of micro-instruments and optical viewing systems now allow consultants to perform surgery on the retina from within the eye.
This has resulted in the successful treatment of complex eye problems, such as macular holes, which were previously untreatable.
We can't display a fee for this procedure just now. Please contact us for a quote.
Our patients are at the heart of what we do and we want you to be in control of your care. To us, that means you can choose the consultant you want to see, and when you want. They'll be with you every step of the way.
All of our consultants are of the highest calibre and benefit from working in our modern, well-equipped hospitals.
Our consultants have high standards to meet, often holding specialist NHS posts and delivering expertise in complex sub-specialty surgeries. Many of our consultants have international reputations for their research in their specialised field.
You will have a formal consultation with a healthcare professional. During this time you will be able to explain your medical history, symptoms and raise any concerns that you might have.
We will also discuss with you whether any further diagnostic tests, such as scans or blood tests, are needed. Any additional costs will be discussed before further tests are carried out.
We've tried to make your experience with us as easy and relaxed as possible.
For more information on visiting hours, our food, what to pack if you're staying with us, parking and all those other important practicalities, please visit our patient information pages.
Our dedicated team will also give you tailored advice to follow in the run up to your visit.
The majority of macular hole surgery is performed as a day case under local anaesthetic, while general anaesthetic is still available for nervous patients.
If you are having general anaesthetic you should not eat or drink for six hours before the procedure. If having a local then light food and drink is allowed up to one hour before the procedure.
Before the operation we will speak to you and examine you on the ward. You will then be given eye drops to enlarge your pupils.
During your operation three needle-sized holes are made in the white of the eye allowing removal of the vitreous jelly. This will allow the surgeon to repair the macular hole with delicate intraocular instruments which are used to remove any scar tissue holding the macular open.
The vitreous jelly will be replaced by a gas that will act as a support to hold the retina in position to help it heal. Your normal body fluids will replace the gas naturally over 3-4 weeks.
Quite often consultants will remove mild cataracts as part of the same procedure.
Small stitches are usually placed in the eye and at the end of the operation we will put a pad or bandage over your eye to protect it and reduce swelling.
Following the operation we will usually ask you to keep your head in a face down position for five days. This is called 'posturing' and aims to provide support from the gas bubble to seal the macular hole. Posturing cushions will be provided and you should ensure that someone is at home to help you for the first 5 days. You only need to posture for 50 minutes every hour during the day and can sleep in your normal position.
Most patients are able to leave hospital within a few hours of the procedure. If you have discomfort we suggest that you take a pain reliever, such as paracetamol every 4-6 hours. It is normal to feel itching, sticky eyelids and mild discomfort for a while after macular hole surgery and it common for your eye to water, while occasionally the area surrounding the eye can become bruised.
Most discomfort should ease after 2-3 days, while in most cases your eye will take about 6 weeks to heal. You will normally see the consultant in the clinic 2 weeks after your operation. Try to rest while your eye is healing.
Eyedrops will be given to help reduce any inflammation and to help prevent infection.
Certain symptoms could mean that you need prompt treatment. Please contact the hospital immediately if you have any of the following symptoms:
When you have a gas bubble in your eye you must not travel by aeroplane or ascend to significant altitude by other means of transport and must warn your doctor you have a gas bubble in your eye should you need another operation of any kind.
Macular hole surgery is not always successful. Every patient is different. Around 5% of patients may need more than one operation.
Most patients undergoing macular hole surgery usually develop a cataract in the operated eye over the following 6 months. Cataract surgery is a much less invasive procedure and can be carried out as a day case under local anaesthetic.
We are committed to delivering excellent individual care and customer service across our network of hospitals, clinics and specialist care centres around the UK. Our dedicated and highly trained team aim to achieve consistently excellent results. For us it's more than just treating patients, it's about looking after people.
The treatment described on this page may be adapted to meet your individual needs, so it's important to follow your healthcare professional's advice and raise any questions that you may have with them.
Spire Hartswood Hospital is based in quiet and peaceful grounds, just two miles from the M25 motorway and easily accessible from other major roads like the M11, A12 and A13. It is 25 miles from London Stansted Airport and 20 miles from central London.
Eagle Way
COVID-19 testing or antibody tests are not available as a standalone service at Spire Hartswood Hospital.


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Flying Food - Men's Health - Honey & Mackerel
Series of images created for Weight Loss feature in Men's Health magazine Aug 2012 depicting selected healthy recipes with dynamic approach to food photography. The shots portray how the food would look in space in the state of weightlessness. Defying gravity, everything from the food to the condiments is floating in midair.
- Filename
- Flying Food - Honey & Mackerel
- Copyright
- Please do not use without an explicit permission of the author.
- Image Size
- 1536x2048 / 1.8MB
- http://www.gregorczyk.co.uk
- Contained in galleries
- Flying Food

subset: commoncrawl


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Men's functional T-shirt MS NDR is a typical representative of functional underwear. Therefore, it serves as an ideal first layer that will take care of your comfort in any sporting activity. Very delicate knit is pleasant to the touch and flat seams increase wearing comfort. The material dries quickly and features STOP BACTERIA antibacterial treatment.
- functional quick drying material
- anatomical cut
- flat seams
- antibacterial treatment STOP BACTERIA
material: 70% polypropylene + 30% polyester
Type | long sleeves |
Collection | Micro sense |


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When the thousand years are expired, Satan shall be loosed out of his prison.
Stock up on holy water and grow out your sadness beards, because this month we're joining Kit Laika to dissect Arnold's turn-of-the-millennium supernatural thriller, End of Days.
Alcoholic and suicidal, ex-cop Jericho Cane is a broken man. But he's the only thing standing between a young woman chosen to mother the Antichrist, and the forces of Hell themselves. And little does the Devil know that he's fucking choirboy compared to Cane. A choirboy!
Podcast: Play in new window | Download
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It's almost the 4th of July and while that means water, fireworks, BBQs, and fun for humans, for pets this holiday could be anything but. See the following safety tips to keep the holiday weekend fun for both you and your pets.
• Public fireworks displays: Do not bring your pets to see fireworks. Animals are much more sensitive to noise than humans and the loud noises can scare many animals and many get lost. Pets should be left at home where it is quieter and escape-proof.
• "At home" fireworks: Besides the risk of severe burns that lit fireworks can cause, many fireworks contain potentially toxic substances that will cause your pet to have gastrointestinal issues like vomiting, a painful abdomen, and bloody diarrhea.
• Sunscreen and insect repellent: Unless the product is specifically labeled for use on animals, do not apply sunscreen or insect repellent to your pets. Both products contain harmful substances if ingested by animals. This is also true of citronella candles, insect coils, and oil products.
• Alcoholic beverages: Keep alcohol beverages out of reach. If ingested, alcoholic drinks can cause your pet to become very intoxicated and weak, severely depressed, or could go into a coma. In severe cases death from respiratory failure is also a possibility.
While this list has many "don'ts", we do encourage you to enjoy your weekend and spend time with your family, friends, and pets! We wish you a happy, healthy, and safe 4th of July weekend.


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This is also me.
It is quite different from the GQ stories, so I thought I should use a different name, but now I'm thinking it wasn't necessary.
This was a little idea I had that was just supposed to be smut. I wrote it in about two days, spent way more time than that looking for the right buff torso photo, and immediately wrote 2/3 of a sequel, should there ever be a need for such a thing.
It's about a full-size human man who finds an injured doll-size fairy. Eventually, there are M/M/F fairies and of course a human M and they all mix it up in various ways. It's kinky, but it sort of has to be with little bitty fairies involved.
It was just supposed to be kinky smut, like I said, but I ended up caring for all the characters too much to leave it at that, so it's more of a real story than I had originally planned.
It's on KU, or you can buy it for $2.99.


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From the #1 bestselling author of The Historian comes an engrossing novel that spans the past and the present—and unearths the dark secrets of Bulgaria, a beautiful and haunted country.
A young American woman, Alexandra Boyd, has traveled to Sofia, Bulgaria, hoping that life abroad will salve the wounds left by the loss of her beloved brother. Soon after arriving in this elegant East European city, however, she helps an elderly couple into a taxi—and realizes too late that she has accidentally kept one of their bags. Inside she finds an ornately carved wooden box engraved with a name: Stoyan Lazarov. Raising the hinged lid, she discovers that she is holding an urn filled with human ashes.
As Alexandra sets out to locate the family and return this precious item, she will first have to uncover the secrets of a talented musician who was shattered by political oppression—and she will find out all too quickly that this knowledge is fraught with its own danger.
Elizabeth Kostova's new novel is a tale of immense scope that delves into the horrors of a century and traverses the culture and landscape of this mysterious country. Suspenseful and beautifully written, it explores the power of stories, the pull of the past, and the hope and meaning that can sometimes be found in the aftermath of loss.


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♥ Luxury Faux Fur Headband , polar fleece lined so not itchy!
♥ Size:
One size fits heads approx 21.5 - 23.5 inches. Small elastic piece at back.
♥ Custom sizes available upon request. No extra charge!
♥ Shipping:
Ships from the UK in 1-2 business days from ordering. Please choose a shipping upgrade if you want your item sending 'Tracked and Signed'.
♥ Wash on 30° short wash. Short spin. Quick tumble dry on low heat. Or handwash and use a hairdryer.
♥ All Made by Me in England!
3-5 business days
I'll do my best to meet these shipping estimates, but can't guarantee them. Actual delivery time will depend on the shipping method you choose.
Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. I'm not responsible for delays due to customs.
Just contact me within: 7 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 14 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, I can't accept returns for:
Buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value.
Unfortunately I cannot accept returns on custom orders as it may be hard to re sell hats made larger or smaller than my usual size.
I cannot refund items that are returned to me and have make up on them. When trying on for the first time please ensure that you are not wearing makeup as it completely sticks to the fabric!
Oct 19, 2022


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Today we celebrate our country's independence. What a blessing it is for Americans to have the freedoms we have. As American Catholics, we must also ensure that we have religious liberty! Today marks the end of the Fortnight for Freedom, called for by the US Bishops to raise awareness, education, prayer, and action for the protection of religious freedom in our country. Please continue to stay informed, tell others, and take action to preserve respect for our Catholic faith in America.
Click here to read Archbishop Chaput's "Repair My House: Renewing the Roots of Religious Liberty."
"Religious freedom is a cornerstone of the American experience." -Archbishop Charles Chaput, O.F.M, Cap.


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Dotnuva | 21 May, 1939 Sunday, 3 Sivan, 5699 |
Thank God all of us are healthy, how are you? I believe that you already know that our Leah got married to a Bulgarian young man from the Kibbutz. He's very nice, kind-hearted decent man. She's very pleased with her fate. Reizale says that we should be happy that Leah found such a husband. May they have a good and happy life. Meanwhile, the situation in Israel is very sad, and to all the Jews in Diaspora, God knows what will be the end of us My beloved children! This letter of mine is lying here for eight days, I started to write and put it aside. I waited for Moshe, and then write you. It was really hard for me to write you about all the events that occurred here, but Moshe had already written you. Thank God that he poured his wrath on the trees and the rocks. Thank God, we are healthy - we're holding on pretty well. Five months ago we had two fires. The first time we were a little frightened and had some damage. We recovered immediately and put out the fire with the help of the Fire Brigade. Then they set fire to the building of the Heder. And now, on May 16, they set fire to the barn, so that the whole building was caught at once. By miracles and wonders, our house and the adjacent houses of the murderers, namely Bankovsky's house and the others, remained intact. If their houses were destroyed it was a mortal danger for us. But thank God - it was arson both times. God knows who, and why. Maybe our competitor, the owner of the second restaurant, but it is impossible, and we aren't allowed to talk Now we want to do some restoration to the room where the concrete cellar is located, so we will have a place to put the beer bottles. We have to because we need it for our daily use during the summer. But we need to get a license for this, and it will take a few weeks. Right now we're not planning to build large buildings because we hope to somehow escape from Dotnuva. Currently, the consulate receives applications for travel to America, so Pessie submitted a request. It can take several months to get the visa, but still, we need to be prepared. Write us the approximate amount that you can send her as a guarantee. I no longer want to worry about Miriam because it doesn't help, meaning, that she doesn't want to give. After all, she has the money that is under your supervision and she can take care of herself. Mother and I will also travel anywhere possible |
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the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
for verification.
JewishGen is not responsible for inaccuracies or omissions in the original work and cannot rewrite or edit the text to correct inaccuracies and/or omissions.
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Updated 27 Oct 2012 by LA


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Every year families and friends pack up a vehicle and set off into the sunrise for vacations and trips. The music is playing and the conversation is flowing until...whoops, the vehicle crawls to a stop on the side of the highway. Typically, chances are, no one in the vehicle is a mechanic. Vehicle preparation is a key component of commute preparation that is overseen.
Most vehicle owners understand that routine maintenance is needed to keep a vehicle functioning properly. What they do not realize is that being within driving distance of everything is the cause of most repair needs. For instance, in a long-distance drive, the alternator has a chance to recharge the battery. On quick trips, the battery does not have that chance. This can minimize the life of the battery.
Not to mention, the oil also needs a chance to burn off combustion byproducts and moisture. Also essential is making sure the engine reaches a prime temperature also ensures that the running parts are properly lubricated. Short trips deny the engine a chance to do these things and reduce the performance of the vehicle. With that in mind, it is imperative that the vehicle has an inspection before taking a long journey.
Preventative Check-up
Ensuring the road trip is fun for everyone means a lot more than the driver getting a good night's rest beforehand. It also means taking the vehicle for a little routine vehicle maintenance to prevent unwanted breakdowns. Long-distance trips can expose the underlying issues that have been ignored on short trips. To minimize potential problems, have a professional mechanic perform a vehicle inspection to identify and repair needs calling for immediate attention or brewing. A preventative checklist includes the following:
Checking Oil and Fluids
The amount of oil and fluids in the vehicle impacts how well the engine keeps cool, reducing wear and tear by keeping moving parts lubricated and assists in the overall function of the engine.
Visual Inspection and Tire Rotation/Replacement
Fortunately, visually checking the tires is one item most owners perform on a regular basis. However, the rotation and/or replacement of the tires is what falls by the wayside.
Check Lights
The last thing you want to discover on a dark winding road is that your headlights are about to go out. This compromises road safety and can cause a trip delay. If ignored, your safety is compromised as well as risking a citation. Therefore, be sure that all the lights on the vehicle are operational is important.
Auto Repair Needs
While the preventive list is not exhaustive or undoable, it can keep down the chance of needing emergency services. Depending on the overall condition of the vehicle, there may be a few other boxes that should be checked. Before loading up the vehicle, your mechanic may need to perform some overdue repairs.
Check Engine Lights
One of the most overlooked alerts on a vehicle is the check engine lights. The light comes on while driving and can indicate something simple or complex. Consequently, what could have been an easy maintenance fix can, after ignored, present the need for serious vehicle work.
Tires are an essential part of the vehicle. After all, that vehicle is not moving without a set of tires on it and, if compromised, can influence the ease of the vehicles operation. Checking the depth of the tread and air pressure could mean the difference between a smooth ride and a night pulled over on the highway. For extra preparation, having a spare in the trunk is a terrific idea as well, especially if long commutes are regular or you are embarking on a trip.
Windshield Wipers
Another component that is often overlooked is the windshield wipers. Finding out that they are not completely operational is not something you want to discover in the rain. Compromised conditioned windshield wipers require replacement before hitting the road.
Undergoing preventative measures makes a road trip doable and uncompromised as well as does not put your vehicle at risk and progressively undergoing damage. In most cases, all the stop-and-go trips around town are the cause of auto repair needs that were ignored. With everything that the vehicle goes through on a regular basis and burns through, staying ahead of a vehicle's needs is especially essential if you commute frequently or are embarking on more travel than usual this summer. Routine vehicle maintenance will drastically reduce the chances of needing an emergency auto repair on the road during commutes or summer travel.


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Unsung heroes
Someone pointed out this LA Times story about the thousands of Egyptians injured in the revolution who today languish in hospitals, unaided by the government. It's one of the most depressing pieces I've read lately.
Since Jan. 28, when security forces beat him and ran him over during the protests that toppled President Hosni Mubarak, Mahmoud Mohamed has been unable to speak, walk, eat or use the bathroom on his own. His head is a tapestry of scars and bandages, tubes sprout from his neck, and his palsied hands are clasped in front of a now-bony chest.
He was trying to protect two friends. His mother says both were shot to death by security forces.
Images of Mohamed's former self stare back at him from beside his bed at Kasr El Aini Hospital: flush with youth, embracing a blushing fiancee who has since abandoned him. Behind them rests a framed certificate from fellow protesters pronouncing him a "hero of the revolution."
But like thousands of other Egyptians seriously injured during the protests, Mohamed is a forgotten hero, his family caught in a medical limbo, feeling betrayed by the government he fought to change.
Some of these people were bystanders injured accidentally. Many put themselves bravely in harm's way--and if they hadn't, the revolution wouldn't have succeeded. Meanwhile, the police responsible for maiming them for life have yet to be held accountable.
If anyone knows the contacts of organizations (like the one mentioned in this article, which I haven't been able to find online) that are helping these families please share in the comments section. We will do some information gathering of our own and hopefully have a post up soon for those interested in helping.


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Say good-bye to the old al Qaeda and hello to a new, more dangerous version created by President George W. Bush. The recent suicide bombings by Iraqis in Amman, Jordan are ominous because they provide hard evidence (confirmed by U.S. intelligence analysis) that the war in Iraqfar from pinning terrorists down within that countrys borders, as the president allegesis incubating combat-hardened jihadists for export to other countries. As many opponents of the Iraq war predicted beforehand, a non-Islamic nations invasion of another Muslim country has spawned the same radical Islamic terrorism that occurred after the Soviets invaded Afghanistan in the 1980s and Russia invaded Chechnya in the 1990s.
The former invasion ultimately led to the rise of Osama bin Laden, al Qaedas leader and once dominant force. After 9/11, the United States made considerable progress in eliminating al Qaedas safe haven and training infrastructure in Afghanistan and isolating bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri, his deputy, from their forces in the field. Yet the U.S. invasion of Iraq allowed Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a previously independent actor who didnt care that much about the United States, to grab the spotlight by joining al Qaeda and becoming the face of the Iraqi insurgency against the U.S. occupation. Zarqawi and his al Qaeda in Iraq organization make the treacherous bin Laden and Zawahiri look like choirboys. Zarqawis trademarks are the brutal videotaped beheadings and the wanton slaughter of Muslim innocents, as well as the foreign occupiers and their Iraqi allies.
Zarqawi is so ruthless that Zawahiri sent him a letter asking him nicely to tone it down a bit. We know things are bad when the al Qaeda leadership seems temperate in comparison. Yet, Zarqawi has ignored pleas from al Qaedas leadership for moderation, and the bombings by his Iraqi minions in Jordan seem to indicate that he is now expanding his attacks outside Iraq. With bin Laden and Zawahiri in hiding, Zarqawi is emerging as al Qaedas most effective and prominent force. With the Iraq war providing a new training ground for waves of new Islamist terrorists and Zarqawis apparent willingness to begin striking American targets outside Iraq, it is time to worry about a resurgence of a more potent al Qaeda worldwide. This development could nullify many of the gains that were made against the organization in the aftermath of 9/11.
President Bush and his administration clearly used the publics post-September 11 fear and manipulated intelligence to sell an unrelated vendetta against Saddam Hussein at the expense of delivering a knockout punch to al Qaeda while it was on the ropes. Even worse, that sideshow has allowed al Qaeda to rise againthis time with an even more ruthless protagonist in the vanguard.
The president, in a partisan Veterans Day speech, however, lashed out at Democratic congressional critics of the war, alleging that they had seen the same intelligence as his administration and that they also had believed prior to the invasion that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction. Although the Democrats do have partisan motives for criticizing the administrations manipulation of intelligence, the administrations claim is preposterous. The executive branch intelligence agencies dwarf the congressional staff and are responsible for collecting, analyzing, debating and disseminating the intelligence. Members of Congress and their staff do not see all of the intelligence, especially the raw inputs into the process. In addition, the imperial presidency has a much grander bully pulpit from which to twist and embellish facts about a war than do members of Congress.
Yet even some hawkish Democrats, such as Sen. Joe Lieberman (D-Conn.), dismiss other Democrats concerns about being sold a bill of goods before the war by the massaging of intelligence. Lieberman asserted, Those arent irrelevant questions. But the more they dominate the public debate, the harder it is to sustain public support for the war. Perhaps public support for a dishonest war that has cost many lives (both U.S. and Iraqi) and hundreds of billions of dollars (and still counting), and has made the terrorism threat worse should not be sustained. To Lieberman and his ilk, both Democratic and Republican, sustaining a small counterinsurgency on the other side of the world is more important than answering a question that goes to the core of our constitutional system of checks and balances: Did the president deceive the Congress and the country into the most solemn decision a republic can make? It seems that he did, and in doing so, revived a terrorist monster to boot.


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Marina Sailing is Southern California's oldest and largest sailing charter and instruction company. Started in 1962, our six locations along the coast offer a wide range of boats from 22 to 50 feet, including monohulls, catamarans, and powerboats. We offer an extensive list of ASA courses and classes, our most popular being our Complete Sailing Course, which includes the ASA 101 and 103 certifications, and offers flexibility of schedule, with lessons offered every weekend throughout the year. Our newest course, the Ultimate Sailing Course, is a 5-day intensive live-aboard course and includes the ASA 101, 103 & 104 certifications and voyage to either Catalina Island or the Channel Islands. For experienced sailors we also offer advanced courses and classes, plus a beautiful fleet for your chartering pleasure.
American Sailing Certifications Offered
Learn to skipper a 20' - 27' sloop-rigged keelboat by day, in light to moderate winds and sea conditions. Learn basic sailing terminology, parts and functions, helm commands, basic sail trim, points of sail, buoyage, seamanship and safety including basic navigation rules to avoid collisions and hazards.
Learn to skipper a sloop-rigged auxiliary powered 25'-35' keelboat by day in moderate winds and sea conditions. Learn cruising sailboat terminology, basic boat systems, auxiliary engine operation, docking procedures, intermediate sail trim, navigation rules, basic coastal navigation, anchoring, weather, safety and seamanship.
Learn how to sail a sloop-rigged, auxiliary powered 30'-45' sailboat during a multi-day cruise upon inland/coastal waters in moderate/heavy winds and sea conditions. Learn about provisioning, boat systems, auxiliary engines, advanced sail trim, coastal navigation, anchoring / mooring, docking, emergency operations, weather, and more.
Learn the the navigational theory and practices for safe navigation of a sailing vessel in coastal and inland waters. On-water coastal navigation skills elements are contained in the ASA103, Basic Coastal Cruising, ASA 104, Bareboat Cruising, and ASA 106, Advanced Coastal Cruising, in progressively increasing levels of detail.
Learn to safely act as skipper and crew of a sailing vessel about 30 to 50 feet in length in coastal and inland waters, in any conditions.
Learn the celestial navigation theory and practices for safe navigation of a sailing vessel in offshore waters. On-water celestial navigation skills elements are demonstrated in ASA 108, Offshore Passagemaking.
Learn to sail a centerboard or multihull sailboat in light to moderate winds and sea conditions. Learn basic sailing terminology, sail trim, points of sail, crew responsibilities, seamanship and safety including capsize avoidance/recovery and navigation rules to avoid collisions.
Learn to skipper an auxiliary-powered sailing cruising catamaran of approximately 30-45' feet in length during a multi-day liveaboard cruise upon inland or coastal waters in moderate to heavy winds (up to 30 knots) and sea conditions.
The successful sailor will have the knowledge and skills to safely and competently dock and maneuver a sailboat under auxiliary power in a variety of conditions. Includes knowledge of steering and propulsion theory, wind and current, single and double-rudder monohulls, catamarans, safety precautions, knots and line handling, fixed and floating docks.
Other Services Available
- Private Courses
- Weekday Courses
- Weekend Courses
- Corporate Team Building Courses
- ASA 'Challenges'
- Day Sail Charters (public)
- Day Sail Charters (member-only)
- Vacation Charters
- Flotillas
- Sunset Cruises
- Sailboat Cruises
- Racing Courses
- Sail Trim Courses
- Spinnaker Courses
ASA Veterans Sailing Education Program - Sign Up Now >>
At ASA we recognize the sacrifices made by the brave men and women who have served or are serving in our country's armed forces. As a token of our appreciation, and our way of saying thank you, we are inviting veterans and active military personnel to share our passion for sailing by offering a discount on our ASA 101 Basic Keelboat Sailing course. Marina Sailing – Channel Islands is offering a minimum of $50.00 or 10% off their ASA 101 Basic Keelboat Sailing course.
Contact Information
Marina Sailing – Channel Islands |
Address | 3600 S. Harbor Blvd Ste 112AOxnardCA93035USA |
Phone | (805) 985-5219 |
Website | www.marinasailing.com |
Social Media |


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Homoeopathic Sarcoptic Mange treatment – Arsenicum Alb & Sulphur 30c Purchase securely from visit our secure e-shop
How do we use this treatment?
It's totally safe and easy to use – Dosage: We recommend that four drops of the treatment should be administered to each fox daily on food and in drinking water. So if you have several foxes visiting cut the sandwiches into 6-9 pieces and put two drops on each small piece, and then scatter them around the area you see the foxes. After roughly three/four weeks of treatment you should notice the fox/es scratching and biting less and eventually you will see the new hair growing back. Once the hair has started to grow back you can stop the treatment.
How long do we use this treatment?
This treatment doesn't kill the mange mite it only makes the animals skin slightly toxic so it will normally take several weeks to see an improvement, as soon as the animals hair starts to reappear you can stop the treatment. A maximum 4-6 weeks of treatment then several weeks off should be used if the animal requires further treatment.
Does this treatment prevent reinfestation?
As the mite lives in the ground etc anywhere the animal walks it may be susceptible from picking up the mite again
Is it safe for domestic pets?
Yes we have been supplying this treatment for many years to pet owners for their dogs and other animals with great success
The mange treatment that we supply (Arsenicum Alb & Sulphur 30c) is a homoeopathic remedy that has been proven to work against the dreadful condition of Sarcoptic Mange in foxes. Since the remedy is made up of natural ingredients there is no fear of overdosing and nothing to worry about if a non-infected fox or other animal or bird takes the treatment. To avoid the local cat population stealing the treatment meant for the fox, we suggest that it is administered via jam, honey or peanut butter sandwiches; foxes love sweet things – cats don't! Since foxes are instinctively selfish with their food, if you have more than one fox visiting your property suffering from mange we recommend that the food is scattered rather than placing it in one spot. This will then ensure that more than one fox feeding at the same time can do so without having to be nose to nose with each other.
Purchase Sarcoptic Mange Treatment www.mange.org.uk
Derbyshire Fox Rescue | Chesterfield UK | mange.org.uk | email@example.com | +44 01246 850850
Our SHOP www.mange.org.uk


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Attending Informa Connect events
Our event code of conduct
Having a great event experience
We want everyone who comes to our events to have a great experience. Whether you are attending, speaking, exhibiting, sponsoring or working with or for us, our focus is on creating an environment and experience that everyone can participate in and benefit from.
Safety, respect and consideration are integral to this. While issues are rare, we want to be clear about the standards and expectations in place at our events, wherever they are held, because actions can impact others, and everyone has a role to play in getting it right.
This code explains our expectations and rules, which includes general good practice behaviour, and how to report anything witnessed or experienced that goes against them. Anyone not following these rules or behaving in an unacceptable way will be asked – and expected – to stop doing so immediately and may be removed from the event.
Comfort & safety at live events
- Never act in a way that puts your own or other participants' health, safety or security at risk.
- Review local and national health guidance before attending and follow any requirements.
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Royal Dutch Shell environmental issues
Royal Dutch Shell is engaged in a variety of business activities across the world which of necessity involves the extraction, production, handling, processing, storage and transportation of hazardous products, including hydrocarbons and chemicals. On 13 May 2008, Shell released a report [1] setting out ambitious plans to meet the global energy challenge that can be summed up as more energy, less CO2. The report [2] describes Shells plans to invest in second generation biofuels and carbon capture and storage. It also discusses utilisation of natural gas and wind power combined with the necessity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and operational oil spills. The vast scale of operation means that even with the highest safety and maintenance standards in current and future activity, accidents and events arising from human error or misjudgement and or plant or equipment failure, are likely to occur. The record of past environmental incidents and events detailed in this article should be considered in that context.
There are two other main subsidiary articles about Royal Dutch Shell:
Main article: Royal Dutch Shell safety concerns
Main article: Controversies surrounding Royal Dutch Shell
The key information about Shell is in the article:
Main article: Royal Dutch Shell
This article focuses on Shell's environmental record.
UK Advertising Authority rules Shell advert misleading
On 7 November 2007 The Guardian published an article under the headline [3] The UK Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) ruled that a Shell advertisement featuring flower heads emerging from refinery chimneys implying the oil giant used its waste carbon dioxide to grow flowers, breached ASA rules. According to The Guardian article, The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) upheld a complaint that the press advert, which featured the drawing misleadingly implied all CO2 emissions helped produce flowers and decided it breached industry code clauses on truthfulness and environmental claims. The article went on to say that the advert is no longer appearing and that Shell had informed the ASA it would not be used again. Shell stated in its response to the investigation, that it supplied 170,000 tonnes of CO2 to local greenhouse growers in 2005 and expected to supply a further 320,000 tonnes, explaining that this stopped the equivalent of the annual CO2 emissions from about 102,894 vehicles being released. The ASA ruling was also reported[4] in The Independent. The Guardian covered the story again in a green themed article [5] published on 21 January 2008.
Dutch Advertising Authority rules Shell advert misleading
On 5 July 2007, Reuters reported [6] that the Dutch Advertising Standards Authority had ruled that a complaint made by Friends of the Earth Netherlands about a Royal Dutch Shell green themed advertising campaign was well founded and that the advertising was misleading. According to the article: The environmental group had complained about an ad designed to show how waste carbon dioxide grew flowers and depicting a refinery emitting flowers from its chimneys instead of smoke. Shell maintained that it was creatively using its waste carbon dioxide to help grow flowers. The Financial Times also covered the story reporting [7] that Friends of the Earth had concluded that only a tiny proportion of Shells carbon dioxide emissions were piped into greenhouses. The FT stated that The environmental group took a similar argument to the Belgian advertising authority, which rejected it. The FT went on to conclude that Win or lose, the cases have brought attention to a clever term that the environmentalists hope will challenge claims dreamt up by big advertising agencies: greenwashing.
Release of chemical pollutants at Shell Texas Deer Park complex
On 16 May 2007, Bloomberg News reported [8] that Royal Dutch Shell Plc had shut two ethylene plants at a Texas production complex after it lost steam power and released tons of chemicals into the air around Houston. The report went on to say that Shells Deer Park, Texas, complex lost steam from an external supplier on 2 May 2007 and that consequential shut-downs resulted in the airborne release of dozens of contaminants, including 2,420 pounds of ethylene, 1,782 pounds of propylene, 1,622 pounds of sulfur dioxide and 4,700 pounds of volatile organic compounds in the Houston area.
Emission violations at Shell Martinez refinery in California
On 9 May 2007, the Houston Chronicle newspaper reported [9] that Shell Oil Products, a subsidiary of Shell Oil Company, had been fined $2.9 million for equipment failure that sent 925 tons of excess carbon monoxide into the air. According to the article, the pollution-causing emissions escaped the refinery in Martinez, California over the course of a week. Karen M. Schkolnick, a spokeswoman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, was quoted as saying that The fine reflects the size of the incident and the fact that human errors compounded the situation and that "It was a series of either bad judgements or mechanical failures and it led to this acute situation". Steve Lesher, a spokesman for the Martinez refinery, was quoted as conceding that Shell had not contested the Air District's claims, but is proud of its pollution control record. Lesher went on to say "We have rigorous maintenance standards, and you hope something like this never happens and you work to make sure it doesn't happen."
Environmental infringements by Shell in Louisiana
On 14 March 2007, the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) announced [10] that Shell Chemical Company has settled six years of environmental infringements with a $6.5 million agreement covering charges that it violated air and other emissions standards between 1999 and 2003. The settlement includes a $1 million fine which will go into the state's hazardous waste clean-up fund and $5.5 million which will be invested in beneficial environmental projects to reduce flare reduction systems at four Shell Chemical plants. Under the terms of the settlement [11] Shell does not admit any wrongdoing and in mitigation pointed out that many of the violations were self-reported. DEQ Assistant Secretary Harold Leggett was quoted as saying: This is an important settlement, not just because both parties have addressed past violations, but because we have also agreed to address the needs of the future." The improvements, to be located at the company's Norco plant, are scheduled to be completed by 2014. The agreement also calls for Shell Chemical Company to improve its leak detection and repair program at its plants in Norco, Taft and Geismar and a petroleum refining plant in St. Rose.
Groundwater contamination by Shell in USA
Shell Oil Company, along with many other defendants, has been sued in the USA by public water suppliers and governmental agencies, alleging responsibility for groundwater contamination caused by releases of gasoline containing oxygenate additives. Most of the lawsuits seek recovery of alleged damages and clean-up costs. Some claim punitive damages.
In October 2006, Shell Oil Company and a subsidiary company, Equilon Enterprises, agreed to pay $6.5 million in a lawsuit settlement with Riverside County California. The agreement included $3.6 million in civil penalties and ordered Shell and Equilon to stop any future violations of California state health and safety laws. The lawsuit alleged 56 state law infringements regarding maintenance of underground storage tanks and handling of hazardous materials and waste. Stephanie Weissman, Riverside County senior deputy district attorney with the office's Environmental Crimes Unit alleged leaks from underground gasoline storage tanks can contaminate groundwater and have long-term negative impact on the environment. According to a report [12] published by the Press-Enterprise newspaper [13], The court action stemmed from a discovery in 2003 by the Riverside County Department of Environmental Health Hazardous Materials Division that Equilon had failed to report or fix leaking underground storage tanks at three Coachella Valley gas stations. The article went on to say that Violations were later found at two other sites in western Riverside County. Shell and Equilon, which owns and operates the gas stations, denied any wrongdoing. Equilon president, David Sexton, claimed in a statement that Shell had spent $55 million in the previous nine years to improve underground storage tanks and equipment at its gas stations in California. As part of the settlement, over $1 million is being spent by Equilon for the installation of sensors and locking mechanisms at its stations.
According to information on pages 146 and 147 of Shells Annual Report and Form 20-F for year ending December 31, 2006, there were approximately 69 pending lawsuits as of the December 31, 2006 date, asserting claims against SOC and other defendants including other major energy and refining companies. The report states that In 19 of the lawsuits, plaintiffs allege aggregate compensatory damages of approximately $1.25 billion and aggregate punitive damages of approximately $3.35 billion. Shell considers the amounts claimed by plaintiffs in the pleadings to be highly speculative. For this reason no financial provision has been made for the relevant cases. Shell also says that there are significant unresolved legal questions. The report states that monetary damages have not yet been claimed in the other 50 lawsuits.
The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled [14] on 16 March 2007 that Shell Oil Company and two railroad corporations must pay the costs of cleaning up a toxic waste site near Arvin the Central Valley, in California. The Court confirmed an earlier ruling regarding both the railroad corporations and Shells liability, deciding that The railroads and Shell are jointly and severally liable for the harm at the Arvin site. A local newspaper, the Central Valley Business Times, reported [15] twenty years of leakage and spread of Shell-produced agricultural chemicals: the soil fumigants D-D and Nemagon. D-D and Nemagon members of a class of chemicals called nematocides hazardous materials in violation of several hazardous waste laws. According to the newspaper report, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency investigated separately and found evidence of soil and groundwater contamination at an Arvin facility.
On 29 June 2007 The Bakersfield Californian newspaper reported [16] that Shell Oil which had shut down on a temporary basis a soil cleanup operation at the Rosedale Highway refinery two years ago and had not restarted it despite repeated requests from state authorities. The article stated: The shutdown had stalled efforts to clean up extensive groundwater contamination beneath the refinery, state officials said, allowing pollutants like MTBE, gasoline, diesel and benzene to seep further into the water table. The oil refinery has been the site of many releases of oil and other petroleum products into the ground going back over two decades. In 1987 a pipeline leak resulted in an estimated 2 million gallons of partially refined fuel seeking into the ground. The leaks have continued with the most recent occurring in June 2007. On 27 August 2007, The Bakersfield Californian reported [17] that California State Senator, Dean Florez, had "asked the states attorney general to take legal action against Shell for the companys inaction".
On 27 November 2007, The Bakersfield Californian published a further article [18] this time reporting Shell Oil had restarted the clean up of pollution underneath the Rosedale Highway refinery that environmental regulators stated was shut down over two years previously without their consent. The article said: "The outer edge of the contamination comes close to the Kern River and a city well, both sources of drinking water for Bakersfield residents." The article went on to state that in 1987 an underground pipeline had leaked "an estimated 4 million to 5 million gallons of partially refined fuel into the ground." This was a substantially larger volume than had previously been reported. A Shell spokeswoman was quoted as saying "the cleanup system will continue to remove pollution from the ground at the refinery for an additional 12 to 15 years."
Unauthorised venting and flaring of gas by Shell in USA
On 5 August 2003, the United States Department of Justice announced [19] that Shell Oil Company had agreed to pay $49 million USD to settle claims under the False Claims Act and various administrative provisions relating to its unauthorized venting and flaring of gas… at its Auger platform, located some 150 miles (240 km) off the coast of Louisiana and at other Shell facilities in the Gulf of Mexico. The settlement also resolved claims that Shell had failed to properly report, or pay royalties on the vented and flared gas. This was the third case settled by Shell Oil Company in the period 1999 to 2003 alleging that it had underpaid royalties owed to the United States. In 2000, Shell agreed to pay $56 million to settle claims that it undervalued gas produced from federal leases. Shell paid $110 million in 2001 to settle [20] US Department of Justice claims that it undervalued crude oil extracted from federal lands.
Shell Pipeline rupture in Washington
The United States Department of Justice, acting for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), filed a civil settlement [21] on January 17, 2003, in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington in relation to an action against United States v. Shell Pipeline Co. LP fka Equilon Pipeline Co. LLC and Olympic Pipe Line Co. The civil settlement resolved Clean Water Act claims for environmental violations which led to a fatal pipeline rupture in Bellingham, Washington in 1999. The original complaint filed in May 2002 alleged that the pipeline rupture was caused by "gross negligence in the operation and maintenance of the pipeline." The consequences of the rupture were tragic. Over 230,000 gallons of gasoline were discharged. The gasoline ignited in a fireball which created a plume of smoke some six miles (10 km) high. As a result of the explosion, two ten-year-old boys and a teenager were killed and at least nine other people were injured. According to the EPA, the gasoline spill and resulting fire "killed more than 100,000 fish and other aquatic organisms in the impacted area". Other species of wildlife were also killed.
The settlement required Shell to pay a federal civil penalty of $5 million and institute a spill prevention program on four other Shell operated pipelines. Shell was also required to enter into an agreement with the State of Washington to include payment of $5 million to the State as a contingency fund in case or other State-approved expenditures. Federal and state civil penalties were in addition to criminal fines of $15 million levied against Shell in a separate criminal case.
Environmental law infringements in Brazil
In 1951, Shell Chemicals of Brazil built a storage tank and terminal in its chemical plant in Paulinia, 120 kilometres north-west of São Paulo, beginning operations that last to the present. A related pesticide plant was also founded, but moved out during a regional de-industrialisation in the 1970s. While both plants' operations were in general accordance with local and international standards for disposals of waste, these standards were later found to be lacking. Furthermore, among the pesticides produced were "drins" — endrin, dieldrin and aldrin, pesticides later discontinued due to their toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative nature. In the early 1990s, Greenpeace and the Union of Workers in the Mining and Petroleum sector (Sinpetrol) first raised charges that the area's soil, air and water were contaminated with heavy metals (most notably, lead) and drins.Template:Spelling
In February 2001, Shell admitted responsibility according to a Greenpeace report, [22] for the contamination by the organochlorine pesticides. The report indicates that drins were found in the groundwater and soil under the farms located between the plant and the Atibaia River, a tributary of the Piracicaba River, providing water to cities in the region. Shell still denies responsibility for the lead contamination, claiming that the contamination is organic lead, while theirs was rendered inorganic before disposal. According to the report, while Shell accepted responsibility for the pollution, it claimed that it has not been established whether the pollution threatens the health of the local population. Shell conducted blood tests among local residents and concluded that the levels of toxins present in their blood were not harmful. In June 2002, São Paulo state's environmental watchdog Cetesb, fined [23] Shell for toxic pesticide pollution. According to a March 2003 article [24] in Ode, an international magazine, a Shell official stated: If there is proof that our products have caused harm then we will immediately take responsibility for it. That is our global policy. According to the same article, many people were allegedly sick with ailments including cancerous growths, intestinal disorders, lung diseases and children with neurological defects.
According to Jose Antonio Puppim de Oliveira, a professor at the Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration, Shell's stance toward the case has been: "The company wants to treat the case purely from the scientific point of view by using the best methods and techniques of risk assessment and risk management. They see no point in spending huge amounts of resources to clean up the area completely because the risk is overcome if no one drinks the subterranean water. Moreover, Shell claims other companies may also be responsible and the problem quite possibly may continue into the future. The cleanup will not improve the quality of life of Vila Carioca or São Paulo's inhabitants since underground contamination and other environmental problems such as air and water pollution are common in the city. Shell argues that it prefers to use its resources to contribute to the society in a more sensible way with other social and environmental initiatives."[25]
In January 2005, Shell was reportedly ordered by a judge [26] to stop dumping chemical wastes and to decontaminate drinking water sources[citation needed]. The company was additionally fined four times by the state environmental agency between 1993 and 2003. The report by Friends of the Earth claims health problems for employees and those living nearby, who were allegedly found to have high concentrations of heavy metals and pesticides in their blood. Neither Shell nor the state environmental agency (CETESB) recognised the test as valid, claiming that the methodology was flawed.[27]
Refinery contamination in Texas
In 1901, Port Arthur, Texas was fortunate in being the nearest port to the first oil gusher in the state of Texas. Motiva Enterprises LLC, a US company jointly owned by Shell and the government of Saudi Arabia, own and operate an oil refinery in Port Arthur which was originally founded by the oil company Texaco in 1903. The refinery has been the subject of an environmental campaign led by Hilton Kelley, who together with 1,200 fellow residents of Port Arthur, has launched a class action lawsuit against Shell alleging breach of environmental human rights. In a report in The Guardian newspaper published in the UK on 24 June 2004, Kelley claimed the Shell refinery was emitting 200-300 times the allowed emissions of chemicals – many of them carcinogenic. He was also quoted as alleging that "children suffered from asthma and cancerous tumours while women, including members of his family, had had their uterus and ovaries removed". According to a BBC TV News programme in the UK, Newsnight, broadcast on 28 October 2004, a study in the year 2000 found that residents have high levels of have levels of respiratory disease and immune-system problems way above those of a similar control group sited 60 miles (97 km) away. Newsnight also reported that when a federal air quality van toured the area in January 2003, it found hot spots of cancer-causing and toxic chemicals. However, the origin of the pollution is unclear because four other oil facilities operate in the town.
Oil Refinery in Durban
The Sapref, oil refinery in Durban, the largest in South Africa (172,000 barrels per day) , is jointly owned by Shell and BP, and has been accused by protesters of having a "dismal pollution record which has claimed the lives of many residents" [1]. Sapref themselves admitted in writing to residents, that the plant did not have a "perfect environmental and social performance record". The main accusation is that Shell/BP apply double standards, allowing the South African plant to be far lest circumspect on environmental controls than in its refineries elsewhere in the world. [2]. Critics of Shell pointed to the companys Statement of General Business Principles [3] which stated: We aim to be good neighbors by continuously improving the ways in which we contribute directly or indirectly to the general well-being of the communities in which we work.. Protest groups such as Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth said that Shell fell far short of this ambition at its joint venture refinery in Durban.
US Clean Air Act violations
On March 21, 2001, the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Justice announced a settlement committing nine refineries owned by Motiva, Equilon Enterprises, and the Deer Park Refining Limited Partnership to a program to ensure compliance with important provisions of the United States Clean Air Act. The companies agreed to invest $400 million over eight years to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide and particulate matter. Motiva Enterprises LLC, is a joint venture between Shell and Saudi Refining Inc. Equilon Enterprises is a subsidiary of Shell Oil Co. Shell Oil Products is a partner in Park Refining Limited partnership.
Emission violations at Shell Wood River Refinery in Illinois
On 9 September 1998, the U.S. Justice Department announced a settlement with Shell Oil Company relating to hundreds of environmental violations at Shell Oil Company's Wood River oil refinery located on over 2,000 acres (8.1 km²) on the banks of the Mississippi River in Roxana, Illinois, near St. Louis. Shell and its affiliates agreed to a judicial decree requiring Shell to achieve and certify compliance with all environmental laws at the Wood River refinery, and to carry out environmental projects valued at over $10 million including added protections of Mississippi River water quality, and pay $1.5 million in civil penalties — of which the sum of $500,000 would be paid to the U.S. co-plaintiff, the State of Illinois. According to the Justice Department release, Environmental problems at Wood River included: illegal levels of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide air emissions, violations of emission standards for benzene (a hazardous air pollutant), violations of solid waste labelling, reporting, and manifesting requirements, untimely reporting of emissions of extremely hazardous substances such as ammonia and chlorine, and violations of Illinois water regulations. Under the decree, Shell was required to purchase $500,000 worth of land adjacent to the Mississippi River and then transfer ownership to the State of Illinois on the basis that the land must be appropriate for "wetlands preservation, water quality protection, and wildlife conservation purposes". Steve Herman, EPA's Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance was quoted as saying: "In settling this case, the federal government has followed the basic principle that polluters will be required to pay for and correct the damage they cause, as well as prevent future damage." W. Charles Grace, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of Illinois commented: "These severe penalties will not only force Shell Oil into environmental compliance, but will also reinforce the message that we will not tolerate environmental degradation of our country's greatest natural resources."
Brent Spar
- See also: Brent Spar
Shell was also challenged by Greenpeace for plans for subsea disposal of the Brent Spar, an old oil transport and hub station located in the North Sea, into the North Atlantic. Shell eventually agreed to disassemble it onshore in Norway, although it has always maintained that its original plan to sink the platform was safer and better for the environment.
On disposal, it transpired that the Greenpeace estimates for toxic content were inaccurate.[28]
Shell settles Martinez Refinery dumping suit for $3 Million
On 8 February 1995, an article in the The New York Times headlined Shell Settles Dumping Suit for $3 Million revealed that Shell Oil Company had agreed to settle a lawsuit alleging that it had been dumping illegal amounts of selenium into San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. As part of the settlement, Shell agreed to reduce the selenium released in wastewater at its Martinez refinery. The article said that selenium is a nutrient in small amounts but is toxic in larger doses. While admitting Shell had exceeded permitted limits, company officials claimed that the selenium discharges in the strait were not enough to harm the environment.
Shell fined $19.75 million for oil spill from Martinez Refinery
On 1 December 1989, The New York Times reported that Shell Oil Company had agreed to pay $19.75 million for spilling more than 400,000 gallons of crude oil into San Francisco Bay. Shell said that it had spent an additional $14 million in cleaning up the spill, when oil flowed from a pipe at its Martinez refinery in April 1988. Oil leaked out from a 12.5-million-gallon storage tank at the manufacturing complex 40 miles northeast of San Francisco. The Government said that several Federal regulations were broken. According to the article at least 250 birds and 50 other animals were found dead and a valuable wildlife habitat was ruined and tidal marshlands would take 10 years to recover.
Explosion at Shell Louisiana refinery
On 5 May 1988, a major explosion occurred at a Shell oil refinery in Norco, Louisiana. The New York Times reported six deaths, one person missing and 42 people injured. The blast shattered windows up to 30 miles (48 km) away and "damage was sustained on both sides of the mile-wide Mississippi river". According to the same report, Norco residents were "fed up over recurring emergencies that had forced them to evacuate their homes eight times in 12 years". An article published by AlterNet in February 2005 concerning the explosion and its consequences said that it spewed 159 million pounds of toxic chemicals into the air, requiring the evacuation of 4,500 people and that Shell subsequently paid out $172 million in damages to some 17,000 claimants. An article published by The Times-Picayune newspaper on 19 February 2007 reported that a lawyer involved in bringing a federal class action lawsuit against Shell in relation to the explosion was at risk of disbarment for paying a Shell employee $5,000 in 1991 for inside information about what the lawyer alleged to be misconduct by Shell in preparing its witnesses for depositions. The lawyer further justified the payment by claiming genuine belief that paying the Shell insider for information would compensate for Shell's refusal to cooperate."
Pollution at Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Denver, Colorado
In a working paper published by the University of Colorado, Boulder, the Rocky Mountain Arsenal – the RMA – located some six miles (10 km) northeast of downtown Denver, Colorado was described as 27 square miles of toxic horror with the reputation of being "the most polluted piece of ground in America." Originally used by the United States Army from 1942 as a chemical weapons plant, the RMA was until 1982 utilised by Shell Chemical Company to produce pesticides and herbicides. The list of chemicals and contaminants polluting the RMA is described in the paper as mind-boggling.
From 1983 onwards, a number of lawsuits arose from contamination at the RMA. The State of Colorado sued Shell and the U.S. Army for natural resource damages under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, known as CERCLA. At the same time that the State of Colorado was pursuing its damages claim against the Army and Shell for $50 million per toxic discharge, the Army filed a lawsuit against Shell in respect of the contaminant liability. Shell issued proceedings against the Army, claiming $1.8 billion. The U.S. Department of Justice filed a related lawsuit against Shell, claiming almost $1.9 billion.
In 1988, Shell and the Army settled by filing a consent decree. Each agreed to pay 50 percent of the first $500 million in clean-up costs. A formula was also agreed to cover substantial additional cleanup costs. Shell lodged a claim with its insurers for reimbursement.
On 13 November 1988, The New York Times reported that Shell Oil Company and a Denver law firm Holme Roberts & Owen had been charged in a lawsuit brought by Travelers Insurance Company seeking $66 million in damages, with conspiring to conceal years of pollution at the RMA. The RMA was said to be contaminated by the residues of nerve gas and other chemical weapons the Army made from the early 1940s until the late 1960s and by waste from the production of pesticides and herbicides by Shell on land leased at the arsenal from 1952 to 1982. The article said that chemicals have seeped into fresh water and underground water supplies in the area. The article explained that the settlement required Shell to contribute at least $500 million towards the clean-up. Shell had found it necessary to seek reimbursement through the courts from 250 insurance carriers, including Travelers, one of the primary insurance companies covering the relevant risk. In its counterclaim, Travelers had alleged that Shell knowingly and intentionally released pollutants into the environment since commencement of its operations.' Their lawsuit also charged that Holme Roberts conspired with Shell to mislead Travelers about the extent of the pollution. The Travelers lawsuit sought the return of $16 million already paid to Shell, plus $50 million in punitive damages.
On 21 December 1988, The New York Times published an article [29] announcing that a jury had found in favour of Travelers and the other insurers against Shell on the basis that Shell was not covered by any of its 800 insurance policies because it knew it was polluting the ground water at the RMA and that the jury was persuaded that Shell was an intentional polluter. The article revealed that the total clean up cost, to be split by Shell and the Army, was estimated to be as much as $2 billion. The Supreme Court reviewed the State of Colorado RMA case early in 1994 and ruled in its favour.
See also
- ^ http://www.csrwire.com/News/12031.html
- ^ http://sustainabilityreport.shell.com/2007/servicepages/downloads/files/entire_shell_ssr07.pdf Responsible Energy: The Shell Sustainability Report 2007
- ^ http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/nov/07/climatechange.energy Shell rapped over CO2 advert.
- ^ http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/shell-rapped-for-green-claims-in-advert-399467.html
- ^ http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/jan/21/marketingandpr
- ^ http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2007/07/06/reuters-royal-dutchshell-told-to-stop-using-environment-ads/
- ^ http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2007/07/06/financial-times-observer-green-backlash/
- ^ http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2007/05/17/bloomberg-shell-shuts-texas-ethylene-plants-after-steam-supply-is-lost/
- ^ http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/ap/fn/4790923.html
- ^ http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/portals/0/news/pdf/shellchemicalagreementmarch14.pdf
- ^ http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/frontpage/index.ssf?/base/news-7/1173941665153360.xml&coll=1
- ^ http://www.pe.com/localnews/inland/stories/PE_News_Local_C_shell04.3a0296e.html
- ^ http://www.pe.com/about/aboutus.html
- ^ http://www.centralvalleybusinesstimes.com/links/0317125.pdf
- ^ http://www.centralvalleybusinesstimes.com/stories/001/?ID=4613
- ^ http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2007/06/30/the-bakersfield-california-state-still-waiting-for-shell-to-act/
- ^ http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2007/08/27/the-bakersfield-californian-florez-calls-for-action-against-shell/
- ^ http://www.bakersfield.com/102/story/296280.html
- ^ http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2003/August/03_civ_446.htm
- ^ http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2001/January/041civ.htm
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At long last, big-time college football has a playoff, if you want to call four teams a playoff. Today, a committee of university presidents agreed to a system that replaces the current Bowl Championship Series beginning in 2014.
NPR's sports correspondent Tom Goldman joins me now. And, Tom, this is something that college football fans have wanted for years. President Obama has said he wants this championship game. What do you know about the deal?
TOM GOLDMAN, BYLINE: Let me change your wording. You said wanted. Let's say clamoring for.
BLOCK: Begged for.
GOLDMAN: Absolutely, begged for. Four teams, a four-team playoff. There will be two semi-final games, and then a championship game. This all starts in 2014, in two years. It's a 12-year deal, so it runs through the 2025 season. So it will be four teams until then. The semi-final games will be held at current bowl game sites. The national championship game will be awarded to the highest bidder, and the bidding will be very high, of course.
And then there will be a rotation of the semi-final games among six bowl sites, and the rotation of the championship game that will be a neutral site. Another important thing, Melissa, a selection committee will rank the teams to play in this playoff, and, quote, unquote, "giving all the teams an equal opportunity to participate." Now, the committee will consider things such as a team's won-loss record, the strength of schedule, how tough the teams were that they played head-to-head results and whether a team is a conference champion.
BLOCK: Tom, I've seen the college bowl system that's been so reviled by fans, described(ph) as a cartel. There's a lot of money at stake here.
GOLDMAN: Oh, yeah.
BLOCK: Walk us through what it means in this new system.
GOLDMAN: You know, we don't know. I think we can just say pretty much there will be a lot of money and a lot more money.
BLOCK: Going out on a limb there, aren't you Tom?
GOLDMAN: Going out on a limb. You know, critics always said that, you know - to the people who wanted to keep the old system - guys, let's do a playoff. There will be a lot more money. There certainly will be. And, you know, we don't know how the money will flow. But, you know, Melissa, this meeting today, it was supposed to stretch into the night. It took less than three hours. And you can bet that the conference commissioners didn't have to do much convincing of the presidents when they laid out what the money will be.
One figure that's floating out there, the Sporting News is reporting via a BCS source that a new TV deal for this four-team three-game playoff could be as high as $5 billion over 10 years. That's a lot of money.
BLOCK: Wow. Why just four teams, Tom? Why not a real full-blown playoff like we see in the NCAA basketball tournament?
GOLDMAN: You know, the presidents were asked that directly by one reporter, and, you know, because everyone would like to see, you know, tons, 64, 65, 68 teams like in basketball. The argument the BCS has always made for not having a playoff was to protect the regular season. College football regular season games are such big events. And if you're a contender and you loose one, you're often out of the running for the national championship.
With the playoff, they argued it would matter less if they lost in the regular season. You would still have a shot in the playoffs. And they thought that would water down those regular season games. They seem to be dipping their toe in the water with only four because they say it retains the importance of that regular season while making the post season more exciting, responding to the clamoring, as we said, for a playoff, and, as I said earlier, a lot more money.
There will be squawking with only four teams if yours is the fifth or sixth that didn't get in. You know, once critic, though, of the old system said it's not necessarily bad to have college football fans complaining about their teams not making it. It makes the whole process more dynamic.
BLOCK: And, Tom, this new playoff system and the championship game, that's all not going to start until the 2014 season, right?
GOLDMAN: Right. Right. We have two years to get really excited.
BLOCK: OK. NPR's Tom Goldman, thanks so much.
GOLDMAN: You're welcome.
(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Mumbai (Maharashtra) [India], May 25: Music Performers may get famous for their, music, but their styling sense is also an integral part of their personas and performances. Here's a look at one of the most stylish and talented performers in our country – Sahil Samuel. He has effortlessly garnered the title 'Freddie Mercury of India' for his voguish appearance likes on stage.
Born on the 23rd of February 1993 and presently residing in Chandigarh, the artist considers himself as a performer rather than a singer. This young and budding musician is the frontman and the founder of the Naalayak band formed in 2015 and based in Chandigarh/Delhi. Naalayak band consists of the frontman – Sahil Samuel, Akshatt Kakar- the lead guitarist, Aashish Kalanta- the bass guitarist and Garry Singh Arora- the drummer. The band is known for its remarkable musical performance leaving the audience thrilled and wanting more.
Born in a middle-class family, Sahil's parents did not support his musical aspirations and rather wished him to get a secured job. Nevertheless, he followed his passion for music and started writing songs. The budding musician earned his first club gig in 2014, which landed him to be the vocalist of a well-known band Swastik. Seems too good to be true but this talented writer has already devised over 300 plus songs since 2016. Subsequently, a few years later, the Naalayak band was formed.
The performer Sahil regards himself as fortunate for being gifted and blessed. From the songs that he has composed so far as mentioned above, some have been released in the EP 'Naalayak' with the album name 'Main Ka Bukhar' in 2018 with his band. In addition, out of the five songs that will be included in the 2nd album 'Hindi Gaane' two have been released and the remaining three songs will also be released soon; After which, the release of 3rd album being scheduled is also all set to be placed on the table. 'Bawra,' 'Haan Pyaar Hain,' Dil-aeRam,' 'Mustafa,' 'Nasamajh; and recently added 'Zakir' are some of the songs that have left people mesmerised. The pandemic situation has created a slow-down in the band's journey but nothing is stopping the band from making creative and soulful music.
Sahil Samuel's music is weaved with Urdu and Hindi words that vigorously speak loud and captivate the listeners. Such inventiveness of the words he produces is also seemed to be influenced by artists such as Atif Aslam, Raghu Dixit, and Lucky Ali. Axel Rose, Robert Plant, and Freddie Mercury are the animators for his stage presence. Apart from platform life, he is a pet lover- He is quite fond of his pets and is often seen posting their pictures and videos on social media. The young star has a rather gullible and friendly personality.
The icon's folk wisdom is that 'Fame(show off) is like cancer. If you detect it in time you will be cured and shine for long, but if you don't fix it, you will be done very soon.'
'Being a musician is like walking on thin ice, It ain't a bed of roses!' he goes on to say. So if you're determined, strive hard, and do not let anyone tell you, you cannot. Rather prove them wrong with your hard work.'
Delightful and fascinating Sahil envisions Naalayak with multiple albums being released in the coming years and wishes to be on a world tour. Jubilant to be Indian Independent artists and performers, Naalayak envisages expanding their wings globally.
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