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SUNY series in Theology and Continental Thought
SUNY Press
Paperback $32.95
Reviewed by: Erin Plunkett (University of Hertfordshire)
Jan Patočka is not an obvious place to go looking for Christian theology. While his writings have a clear emphasis on Europe and its Greek-Christian heritage, his explicit remarks on Christianity appear most often as a matter of intellectual history, part of the attempt to understand the intellectual and spiritual framework of modernity. The philosopher is of course best known for inspiring a generation of Czech intellectuals and dissidents in his role as spokesperson for the human rights appeal Charter 77, a role which ultimately cost him his life. Drawn to this dissident legacy and to Patočka's vision of a post-European Europe, there has been a renewed interest in Patočka among contemporary political philosophers.[i] His work as a scholar of Husserl continues to be read and appreciated in Husserlian circles. But there have been few attempts to read him as a religious or Christian thinker.
One might expect otherwise, given Patočka's closeness to Heidegger on a number of issues, and given Heidegger's importance to the so-called 'theological turn' in phenomenology in the latter part of the twentieth century. Judith Wolfe, author of Heidegger and Theology characterises this turn as 'an attempt to responding to the call of the divine without turning God into an idol by metaphysical speculations' (Wolfe 2014, 193-194). Beyond what Patočka has to say about Christianity explicitly, many themes in his work—sacrifice, conversion, the nothing, care for the soul—are ripe for a theological reading in the above sense. Jean-Luc Marion and Jacques Derrida's efforts in this direction are perhaps the best known and most thought-provoking; both read Patočka's conception of sacrifice in a religious light, as a phenomenology of the gift. Yet a religious approach to Patočka's work has yet to be taken up in any sustained way in contemporary scholarship.
In English-language scholarship, the special issue of The New Yearbook for Phenomenology and Phenomenological Philosophy 14 (2015), on 'Religion, War, and the Crisis of Modernity' in Patočka's work, edited by Ludger Hagedorn and James Dodd, is the most substantial offering on Patočka's religious import and his thinking about Christianity. Hagedorn, Martin Ritter, Eddo Evink, Nicolas De Warren, and Riccardo Paparusso have given important readings in this vein though none in a book-length study. Martin Koci's book is therefore a welcome and important contribution to an underdeveloped field. It reflects an extensive knowledge of continental theology and offers an admirably clear view of the terrain at the present moment, as well as suggesting how Patočka may help to shape this terrain.
Patočka as Post-Christian Christian Thinker
Koci sees Patočka as anticipating the theological turn in phenomenology that began with Marion's Dieu sans l'etre (1982). Although, in Koci's view, Patočka's social and political environment did not permit him to fully explore the religious resonances in his own thought, he can credibly be read as a post-secular thinker avant la lettre. Koci's aim to establish Patočka as a serious thinker of Christianity contrasts with the standard line taken by Czech scholarship that Patočka is 'a pure-blooded phenomenologist with no interest in theology' (216). Those who are sceptical of a theological approach have plenty of support from Patočka's texts, where he insists on a definite boundary between philosophical activity and religion. However, this need not prevent a reading of Patočka as a phenomenological thinker of theological import. Furthermore, there are reasons to think such an approach is not against the grain of Patočka's own thinking. Patočka was raised by a Catholic mother and was a believer as a young man, though he grew dissatisfied with a religious framework as he began to study philosophy. He engaged seriously with numerous theological thinkers, in particular his fellow Bohemian John Amos Comenius (1592-1670), and he maintained a long friendship with the (Barthian) Protestant theologian Josef Bohumil Souček, with whom he discussed matters of faith and the meaning of Christianity. In his later years, Patočka gave lectures on theological topics to his students. Patočka's engagement with Christianity increases in his writings from the prolific period of the 1960s and 70s, which present his mature thought.
Following Ludger Hagedorn, Koci's study is an exercise in what he calls 'after' thinking, in this case, as the title suggests, thinking what Christianity might continue to mean after the death of God, and in the face of the various (related) crises of modernity. Yet, he explains, the project is not to develop a Christianity that 'works' in a postmodern context. It is rather to develop a Christian theology that challenges and questions the status quo and offers the possibility for transformation. 'Christianity after Christianity does not therefore refer to the current state of religion in a post-Christian age. The "after" is not a relation to the past but an opening to the future' (171-172). Christianity, as Koci understands it, always involves this dimension of 'after', since it a way of thinking that is oriented toward the not yet, harbouring the seeds of its own undoing and remaking. Within this framework, it becomes clearer how Patočka can be of value. Patočka's own conception of history or historical life (a life in truth) involves an awareness of 'problematicity', a radical openness to possibility that calls for a repeated dismantling of what one takes to be solid truths.
A single sentence from Patočka's late work Heretical Essays provides the refrain throughout Koci's study:
By virtue of this foundation in the abysmal deepening of the soul, Christianity remains thus far the greatest, unsurpassed but also un-thought-through human outreach (vzmach, upsurge, élan) that enabled humans to struggle against decadence. (Patočka 1999, 108).
Koci attempts to make sense of this suggestive and somewhat obscure remark by exploring a number of interrelated issues in Patočka's thought: from the crisis of modernity, issuing in nihilism or 'decadence' (Ch 2) to his critique of metaphysics (Ch 3), to 'negative Platonism' (Ch 4), to the three movements of existence (Ch 5) to 'care for the soul' and sacrifice (Ch 6-7). The emphasis of Koci's analysis of the above remark falls heavily on the notion of the 'unthought' dimension of Christianity to which Patočka alludes, and he interprets this along the lines that Hagedorn develops in his article '"Christianity Unthought"—A Reconsideration of Myth, Faith, and Historicity' (2015). Quoting Hagedorn,
Christianity unthought would then indicate the maintenance of some core of Christianity even after its suspension, and through its suspension […] in the sense of metaphorically reclaiming some resurrection after the Cross. […] It is the signal for an investigation into what is left of the Christian spirit without being confessional or credulous (Hagedorn 2015, 43).
The Anselmian understanding of theology of fides quaerens intellectum—faith seeking understanding—in Koci's hands becomes both 1) an affirmation that faith is 'a way of thinking' and 2) an explanation for why Christian theology must involve the continual questioning of itself, must relate to its own unthought. Christianity is, in this sense, a thinking of the unthought. Yet this could easily be misconstrued. Thinking the unthought does not mean 'neutralizing' (59) the unthought by bringing it in into the totalising framework of closed reason (the framework of modernity). Put in Heideggerian terms, the unthought signifies an openness and responsiveness to being, beyond the metaphysics of beings. Koci reads Patočka's account of Christianity in the context of his account of the crisis of modernity and modern rationality, which has become closed in on itself (Patočka contrasts the 'closed' and the 'open' soul). In Koci's words, 'religion breaks with the modern enclosure precisely because it allows the others, the otherwise, and, last but not least, the Other to enter the discussion' (60).
Regarding Christianity's 'abysmal deepening of the soul' Patočka places special emphasis on the soul's 'incommensurability with all eternal being' (Patočka 1999, 108) because of the soul's placement in history and its call to responsibility by virtue of being in the world (See the fifth heretical essay for this discussion). Quoting Koci, the soul becomes:
the locus of our engagement with problematicity; it is where we experience the upheaval of being-in-the-world. The soul is the organ of reflection upon the concrete historical situation into which we are thrown; it is the flexibility to think, to question, to challenge given meaning in order to search for a deeper meaning, time and again. The soul is what leads us into thinking (194).
The final word of this exposition is key. Christianity is the 'greatest, unsurpassed' struggle against decadence, against any account that would seek to settle things once and for all and close off further thinking. This is important for the overall project here, which is, in part, to use the un-thought of Christianity to challenge both philosophical and theological thinking. The proposal is that we take Christianity seriously as a way of thinking and continual questioning that can help to awaken us from our dogmatic slumber, whether the content of this dogmatism is instrumental rationality, nihilism, secularism, or traditional metaphysics.
It might be wise to pause and return again to Patočka's claim that Christianity is the 'greatest, unsurpassed' movement in the fight for meaning. At first glance, this remark looks like an example of what Koci calls 'Christian triumphalism', proclaiming the supremacy of Christianity. Indeed, Christianity does occupy a privileged philosophical position in Patočka's thought, for reasons that have been explained in part above. But I agree with Koci's assessment that reading Patočka as a Christian triumphalist, as John D. Caputo does in The Prayers and Tears of Jacques Derrida (1997), mistakes his aim altogether; he is not calling for the triumphal return of Christendom as a political power (Koci surmises that the only way Caputo could make such an error is by not having read any Patočka). On the other hand, Koci's insistence that 'for Patočka, Christianity is not "better" than other religions' (193) is less convincing. He claims that:
Patočka does not understand Christianity in Hegelian terms and is far from situating Christianity on top of the religious tree. Neither does Patočka understand Christianity in Kantian terms as the highest moral call […] I see the "unsurpassed" nature of Christianity [in Patočka's remark quoted above] as referring to a recontextualization of the soul advanced by Christianity.' (194).
It is true that Patočka does not understand Christianity in either a Hegelian or a Kantian light; these would be grave misreadings (Caputo appears to be the main target here, since he is guilty of mistaking Patočka for a Hegelian). But it is nevertheless apparent across Patočka's texts that Christianity is the only religion Patočka takes seriously as properly historical-philosophical; others are relegated to mythical thinking. So by Patočka's own philosophical standards Christianity is 'better' than other religions, better not by virtue of its confessional content but by its contribution to being in the world. In Christianity, the soul is understood in all its problematicity and openness. This is a controversial claim, to be sure, but it is hard to avoid the conclusion that Patočka does in fact situate Christianity 'on top'.
Koci argues that there are three features of Christianity that Patočka allows us to see which have serious bearing on contemporary philosophical and theological thinking. First, Patočka:
reintroduces the centrality of Christianity as a new "religiosity" of thinking. In thinking, Christianity overcomes both mythos [a mythical thinking is characterised by the maintenance of life and by adherence to the past] and logos [closed rationality]. (172)
This religiosity of thinking goes in the opposite direction of a demythologization of Christianity. In Patočka's picture, the world is reenchanted, in contrast to the disenchantment of the scientific-rationalist picture. We open ourselves to the world anew. Koci reads this shift as proposing 'more Christianity rather than less of it […] Of course, this is not a return to anything from the past. Nonetheless, something is coming, and this something is related to Christianity' (172).
Second, Christianity 'becomes an existential category whose basic expression is faith as openness to the future', 'faith that is a radicalized, philosophical notion—the care for the soul' (172). This rather dramatically removes the specific confessional content of Christianity, a move to which I will return below. Third, Christianity is an 'existential thinking' that realises itself in 'acting and living', living as a person who cares for the soul (173). The authenticity of such an attitude is found in the willingness to take responsibility for life through self-surrender or sacrifice, 'in the name of a truth beyond positive contents' (173). Patočka's emphasis on the 'experience' [or activity] of sacrifice, in Koci's reading, contrasts with the language of 'participation' in the absolute gift in both Derrida and Marion, which he reads as more of a conceptual schema than an existential one (see Ch 6 and 7 for an extended discussion).
Does Koci make a convincing case for the value of reading Patočka theologically? I had not been inclined to interpret Patočka along these lines prior to reading Koci's book, but I see enormous value for Patočka scholarship in opening up this line of thought. Koci's reading of Patočka as a post-Christian Christian thinker is creative and thought-provoking for those familiar with Patočka and for anyone interested in how to think about faith meaningfully in a contemporary postmodern context.
I have two criticisms, centred around the style of exposition in the book and the unresolved tension between the philosophical and the specifically Christian.
One feels that there is a good deal of stage setting in this work: offering context for Patočka's thought by way of an exploration of the death of God, the crises of modernity, twentieth-century phenomenological thought, and contemporary continental theology. This is all relevant and helpful to the project of thinking about what Patočka has to offer, but the sustained engagement in the details of Patočka's own account, especially sustained reflection on the writings that are meant to be of theological interest, is less developed. Koci is well-versed in both continental philosophy-theology (see his recent edited volume on the French philosopher Emmanuel Falque) and in Patočka's writings, yet the former threatens to swallow up the latter in this book; it is only toward the end of Chapter 5 that Koci asks the question: 'what is Patočka's Christianity?' (p 165), and only in Chapters 6 and 7, in comparisons with Derrida and Marion, that one sees a sustained attention to the details of this Christianity. What I miss in the breadth of the author's treatment is the depth that comes from close textual analysis, especially when dealing with texts as condensed as Patočka's.
There are perhaps unavoidable reasons for the thinness of detail in the present account of Patočka's post-Christian Christianity. It may be the result of Patočka's own writing, which does not lend itself well to systematic treatment, especially in the case of his writings that might be deemed of theological value, which are naturally scattered across various works. Furthermore, Patočka's writings often have a provisional quality, not lacking in depth but with a tendency toward ellipses, presenting many rich ideas but often leaving the reader wanting further explication. Whether the root of this elliptical quality is to be found in Patočka's philosophical commitments, in his own idiosyncrasies as a writer, or in the extremely straitened historical circumstances in which he was forced to work is a question with no definitive answer. However, this quality of Patočka's writing is especially pronounced when he speaks about quasi-Christian themes such as sacrifice and mystery (see 233-234 for an example). Koci intelligently reads these silences—pace Kierkegaard and Derrida—as pregnant with significance. One of Koci's examples of this is Patočka's failure to explicitly name Christ in his writings, though he makes significant allusions to him, as in the discussion of sacrifice in the end of the 1973 Varna lecture and the reference to the Passion narrative in the 'Four Lectures on Europe'. Koci also speculates that Patočka might well have developed his post-Christian ideas more explicitly given a different intellectual and political climate. Both assessments seem plausible to me.
That said, other than the excellent description of kenotic sacrifice in Chapter 7, the present book is rather thin on the details of what Patočka's Christianity might look like. One example is the very truncated discussion of Christian community that ends the book. These considerations were, to me, very ripe for development, and I would have liked to hear more of Koci's own vision of what forms a Patočkian Christian community could take, what forms of worship, what shared rituals. Koci is inspired by Patočka's key idea of the 'solidarity of the shaken' from the Heretical Essays, and other scholars could certainly build on Koci's groundwork. Naturally questions of post-Christian ritual and worship go beyond the scope of Patočka's own writings, but Koci's reading of Patočka raises these questions and invites imaginative responses. Such exercises in filling out Patočka's own account may risk heresy to the master, yet without them, one is left with a portrait of Christianity that does not differ very much from a purely philosophical account: each person strives to 'care for the soul', living in a full awareness of the problematicity of finitude, dedicating themselves to a truth that is not embodied in anything present or actual.
Beyond Patočka's writing style, there may be another reason for the sense of thinness I noted earlier, and this is one that Koci addresses directly, namely that Patočka's understanding of Christianity is not a positive theology. There is no content, per se, no dogma in Patočka's understanding of the divine or in the way of relating to the world that is taken up in an attitude of faith. While this kind of theological approach has an impressive pedigree, reading Patočka in this tradition raises the question anew of how and to what extent Patočka's Christianity differs from a wholly philosophical account. Christianity in Patočka can easily be seen as having philosophical value, value for the question of how to orient oneself in the world, but I remain unconvinced that the lessons that Patočka draws from it are fundamentally different from the lessons he draws from Socrates. A distance from true being and a recognition of the limits of knowledge are, to Patočka's mind, the distinctly Christian intellectual contributions. This is distinct from Platonism, to be sure, but Hannah Arendt, for one, draws the same lessons from Socrates.
Koci to his credit directly tackles the question of whether the features that he identifies as Christian in Patočka's work may just as well be called Socratic. Patočka's 'care for the soul' and 'sacrifice' can—and have—been read either way. On the topic of sacrifice, Koci offers a comparison of the deaths of Socrates and Christ to see which best accords with Patočka's understanding of a sacrifice for nothing, elaborated in his 1973 lecture 'The Dangers of Technicization in the Sciences According to E. Husserl and the Essence of Technology as Danger in M. Heidegger' and in the Heretical Essays. In Patočka, sacrifice for nothing, as opposed to a transactional sacrifice for some specific end, is a central concept; sacrifice in the radical, non-transactional sense discloses the ontological difference, elaborated by Heidegger, between specific beings or things—taken individually or as a set—and being proper, which is no-thing and is not of the order of beings (see the postscript of Heidegger's 'What is Metaphysics?' for the origin of this discussion). In an act of sacrifice, an individual brings this ontological difference, otherwise hidden and supressed, into view. A new understanding of truth is thus affirmed.
Construed in this way, Socrates and Christ both seem equally apt examples of a sacrifice for nothing—both die for a truth that is not obvious or present (and certainly not recognised by those around them) but which they nonetheless affirm by being willing to give their lives. Neither of these deaths could be thought of as transactional. Koci's reading of these deaths focusses on a different feature, however. Socrates is serene, even happy in the face of death, requesting that his friends remember to sacrifice a cock to Asclepius—for ridding him of the malady of life. Koci points to this attitude and to passages in the Phaedo as evidence that Socrates thought of death as a welcome release from life, that his serenity came from the certainty that he would finally be in direct contact with higher being and would be able to know what he only glimpsed in part. Christ, by contrast, utters the anguished cry 'eli eli lama sabachthani'. While Christ accepts that he must sacrifice himself, he does not understand it. Rather than embracing death in the certain knowledge that immortality was preferable, he holds onto finitude and it remains problematic for him. Patočka quotes Christ's final words in his 'Four Seminars on Europe' (Patočka, 'Čtyři semináře k problému Evropy', 403–404 and 412–413), suggesting his attention to this aspect of the passion narrative. Christ's kenosis or self-emptying is, for Koci:
a scandalous provocation to shift from a simple life and its preservation to thinking about human being. It seems that herein lies the motivation behind Patočka's plea for fighting for the Christian legacy, albeit in a deconstructed and demythologized manner, for the post-Christian world (215).
Ultimately Koci admits that one cannot decide on a purely Greek or Christian reading of sacrifice since Patočka himself tends to read Socrates through the lens of Christ and Christ through the lens of Socrates. For Koci, this ambiguity reflects a deeper one in Patočka's work: Christian theology is a response to (Greek) philosophy, but philosophy must learn lessons from Christianity if it to break free from its own dogma. It is only in the relationship between the two that an authentic orientation to the world emerges.
I am sympathetic to the project of this book, and I am greatly attracted to 'Patočka's Christianity', as Koci presents it. However, I remain unsure of the legitimacy and value of putting this account under the heading of 'Christianity', or even 'post-Christian Christianity', I freely admit that this may have more to do with my own understanding of Christianity, and it is certainly rooted in my understanding of philosophy. Koci writes in Ch 4, 'I am convinced that Patočka invites us to think about a certain vision of philosophical faith (147).' I agree much more readily with this formulation. I am convinced that the texts themselves authorise a 'post-secular' reading; it seems to me the natural result of good philosophical thinking, that, like Patočka's, it remain open to transcendence.
Hagedorn, Ludger and Dodd, James, eds. 2015. The New Yearbook for Phenomenology and Phenomenological Philosophy XIV. Religion, War and the Crisis of Modernity: A Special Issue Dedicated to the Philosophy of Jan Patočka. London: Routledge.
Hagedorn, Ludger. 2015. '"Christianity Unthought"—A Reconsideration of Myth, Faith, and Historicity'. The New Yearbook for Phenomenology and Phenomenological Philosophy 14: 31–46.
Patočka, Jan. 1999. Heretical Essays in the Philosophy of History. Translated by Erazim Kohák and edited by James Dodd. Chicago: Open Court.
Patočka, Jan. 2002. In Sebranné spisy Jana Patočky, vol. 3. Péče o duši, III: Kacířské eseje o filosofii dějin; Varianty a přípravné práce z let 1973–1977; Dodatky k Péči o duši I a II. Edited by Ivan Chvatík and Pavel Kouba. Prague: Oikoymenh.
Wolfe, Judith. 2014. Heidegger and Theology. London: Bloomsbury.
[i] See e.g. Meacham, Darian and Tava, Francesco, eds. 2016. Thinking after Europe: Jan Patočka and Politics. London: Rowman and Littlefield.
*For those interested in reading more of Patočka, the forthcoming Care for the Soul: Jan Patočka Selected Writings (Bloomsbury, 2022) will offer a number of his texts available in English for the first time.


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Filming City Lights
City Lights proved to be the hardest and longest undertaking of Chaplin's career. By the time it was completed he had spent two years and eight months on the work, with almost 190 days of actual shooting.
The marvel is that the finished film betrays nothing of this effort and anxiety. As the critic Alistair Cooke wrote, the film, despite all the struggles, "flows as easily as water over pebbles".
As usual with Chaplin's projects, the story went through many changes. From the start he decided it would be about blindness. His first idea was that he himself should play a clown who loses his sight but tries to conceal his handicap from his little daughter.
From this he moved to the idea of a blind girl, who builds up a romanticised image of the little man who falls in love with her and makes great sacrifices to find money for her cure.
Once this was decided, he had - unusually - a clear idea of how the film would end - the moment when the blind girl, her sight restored, finally sees the sad reality of her benefactor. Even before he shot it, he had a sense that if it succeeded this would be one of his finest scenes.
He was right. The critic James Agee said that it was "the greatest piece of acting and the highest moment in movies".
Near the end of his life, Chaplin still marvelled at the magic of the scene: "I've had that once or twice, he said, …in City Lights just the last scene … I'm not acting …. Almost apologetic, standing outside myself and looking … It's a beautiful scene, beautiful, and because it isn't over-acted."
He spent many laborious weeks on the deceptively simple scene where the Tramp and the flower girl first meet, setting up the premise of the story. Here, in two or three minutes, through action alone, he establishes the meeting of the two people; the Tramp's recognition that she is blind, and his instant fascination and pity and the girl's misconception that this poor creature is a rich man. At the end of the sequence, having built up the sentiment to a high pitch, he brilliantly dashes it with a touch of broad comedy.
"It is completely dancing," said Chaplin. "It took a long time. We took this day after day".
To play the blind girl he chose a 20-year-old Chicago socialite and recent divorcée, Virginia Cherrill. Inexperience was never a disadvantage in Chaplin's eyes - he just wanted actors who would obediently follow his instruction. He was impressed by her ability to give the impression of blindness. To achieve it he advised her, in his own words "to look inwardly and not to see me."
Their collaboration was not easy. Virginia was the only actress with whom Chaplin failed to establish personal sympathy. More than 50 years later, Miss Cherrill declared, "Charlie never liked me and I never liked Charlie"
For his part, he felt she lacked the necessary dedication to the job - "she was an amateur", he said scornfully. On one occasion he even tried to replace her with Georgia Hale, who had been his leading lady in "The Gold Rush." Yet despite - or perhaps because of - the struggles, the performance he finally won from her is as near as may be perfect.
However severe Chaplin was with others, he was always even harder on himself. In this case he had the strength of will to cut out a scene which he know was brilliant, but which simply did not fit into the finished film. It is a polished set of variations built about the simplest idea. The Tramp simply spies a piece of wood stuck in a grating, and idly tries to free it. No more - yet the Tramp's concentration, and the curiosity he arouses in passers-by was transformed into a sequence of high comedy.
Even before he began City Lights the sound film was firmly established. This new revolution was a bigger challenge to Chaplin than to other silent stars. His Tramp character was universal. His mime was understood in every part of the world. But if the Tramp now began to speak in English, that world-wide audience would instantly shrink. Moreover there was the problem of how he should talk. Everyone, across the world, had formed his or her own fantasy of the Tramp's voice. How could he now impose a single, monolingual voice?
Chaplin boldly solved the problem by ignoring speech, and making City Lights in the way he had always worked before, as a silent film. His only concessions were to add a synchronised musical score; and to introduce one or two sound effects - like the disconcerting chirruping of a whistle he has swallowed - which showed that he could use sound as creatively as images for comedy purposes. Already with his silent features he had paid great attention to the music played by live orchestra for the first runs of his feature films. Now he astounded the press and the public by composing the entire score for City Lights
The premieres were among the most brilliant the cinema had ever seen. In Los Angeles, Chaplin's guest was Albert Einstein; while in London Bernard Shaw sat beside him. City Lights was a critical triumph. All Chaplin's struggles and anxieties, it seemed, were compensated by the film which still appears as the zenith of his achievement and reputation.
Text by David Robinson / Copyright 2004 MK2 SA

subset: commoncrawl


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Welcome from the Dean of Students
On behalf of the staff in the Division of Student Affairs, welcome to University of Bridgeport (UB). The overall mission of the Office of the Dean of Students is to support the success of UB students in their pursuit of knowledge and learning and to educate and support the whole student.
Therefore, we are committed to creating a purposeful learning environment that integrates curricular and co-curricular experiences. As your Dean of Students, I hope to work along with the staff to provide you with a wide array of programs and services that will help you be successful at UB. National research shows that students graduate quicker and with better grades if they maintain campus involvement. We urge students to get involved in campus organizations and activities.
There are well over 50 active student organizations on campus, including Greek social organizations, faith-based campus ministry groups, numerous intramural opportunities, and many service and academic clubs. Volunteer Services helps connect UB students and organizations with community service projects in the area. The University has a competitive Division II athletic program. Be sure to cheer the Purple Knight's on to victory in all our men's and women's sports!
Student Affairs also serves as a resource network for faculty, students, and parents in times of need. Life doesn't always go as planned, and Student Affairs can help provide guidance and advice to parents and students experiencing challenges in their lives. These issues can range from roommate conflicts and stress, to mental illness and University policy violations. Whatever the issue, Student Affairs is a good place to begin in seeking out advice, information or services.
It is our goal to make your UB experience memorable and satisfying. We strive to offer the highest level of professionalism and commitment to students. If there is any way the Student Affairs team can assist you, please contact my office at 203‑576‑4392 or reach me through email at firstname.lastname@example.com. We believe learning has no boundaries! Take advantage of our resources and best of luck in your academic endeavors.
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It's Now Or Never: Dan Watson & Angela Andrew
It's Now or Never
A podcast series by Dan Watson
Featuring: Angela Andrew
CDS Member Artist Dan Watson has conducted a series of interviews to create a podcast, "It's Now Or Never".
Dan has been feeling a bit down recently about the independent arts scene and is ready to throw in the towel.
As such he is curious as to why we keep creating work, keep sending our kids to dance sessions, keep supporting artists or keep getting people involved? Why, in the face of seemingly insurmountable resistance, public indifference and ever reducing support do we "keep on keeping on"?
Rather then going to the pub and forgoing it all, he has invited some people, to come a chat with with him about this sort of thing, along with anything else that might come up in the hope that they might sooth his troubled mind, or just have a right old moan about it all.
These podcasts are the the edited highlights of these irreverent, rambling chats about serious stuff treated un-seriously. A half hearted call to arms, a small scale and woefully disorganised protest, a line in the sand made from biscuits.
Come on everyone, its now or never!
These podcasts were made possible from the support of Chisenhale Dance Space's Allotment Programme.


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- Matthew 6:9-10
- Matthew 11:14
- Malachi 4:5
- Malachi 3:6
- Malachi 2:16
- Malachi 1:4
- Zechariah 14:4
- Zechariah 13:9
- Zechariah 12:1
- Zechariah 8:23
- Zechariah 6:12
- Zechariah 4:6
- Zechariah 3:9
- Zechariah 2:8
- Zechariah 1:16
- Haggai 2:23
- Haggai 2:19
- Haggai 2:9
- Haggai 1:2
- Zephaniah 3:20
- Zephaniah 3:9
- Zephaniah 2:3
- Zephaniah 1:18
- Habakkuk 3:18-19
- Habakkuk 2:14
- Habakkuk 1:5
- Nahum 3:19
- Nahum 2:13
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Wednesday, February 22, 2017
Zechariah 14:4
And his feet shall stand in that day upon the mount of Olives, which is before Jerusalem on the east, and the mount of Olives shall cleave in the midst thereof toward the east and toward the west, and there shall be a very great valley; and half of the mountain shall remove toward the north, and half of it toward the south.
For further study - Zechariah 14:1-5
Today for our devotional reading I have asked you to read only five verses in Zechariah 14 because it is so jam packed with events that will unfold in a short period of time.
Zechariah 14 is not a stand-alone chapter, but must be combined with Revelation 19:11-20 to help you realize how the return of the Lord Jesus Christ will actually take place.
However, allow me to only deal with these five verses in this devotional time. In verse 1 we see the phrase, the "Day of the Lord" which is used seventy-two times in the Old Testament and is that period in time when the Lord intercedes in the affairs of man, personally, right here on the earth.
The specific usage of this definition refers to the time just preceding, and the actual day, that Jesus returns to the earth, verse 4. Verse 2 reveals how the "campaign of Armageddon" begins with all the nations of the world gathering at Jerusalem.
This verse answers the question often asked about the United States in Bible prophecy. The United States is never mentioned by name, but if the United States is included at all in Bible prophecy, it is only referred to in this verse as one of the nations that will gather to witness the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.
The scenario, prophetically, that leads up to this point, is the destruction of the literal city of Babylon in modern day Iraq, which will serve as the headquarters for the worldwide, governmental, economic, political system, headed up by Antichrist.
The Lord will destroy that system and the city in one hour, Revelation 18:10, 17 &19 and Revelation 16:17-21. Then the Satanic trio, Satan, Antichrist and the False Prophet rush to Jerusalem and bring the nations of the world together, with their armies, into Jerusalem by the means of signs, wonders and miracles, Revelation 16:13-16.
When the armies of the world are gathered in Jerusalem, under the leadership of Satan, Jesus will come from heaven to the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem, verse 4.
There will be some geographical changes in Jerusalem and those armies gathered to fight along side Satan and against Jesus will flee for the "Valley of the Mountains", verse 5.
The "Valley of the Mountains" is the Jezreel Valley that is 1,000 square miles in size, surrounded by different mountain ranges where the actual "Battle of Armageddon" will take place when Jesus goes there and speaks "death" to around one hundred million soldiers from the armies of the world.
This will not be a "nuclear battle", Jesus speaks and all the soldiers and animals that they might have used in the war effort will be killed at His spoken word, Revelation19:15.
Space will not allow for additional "prophetic truth" that would indicate how close we are to this prophetic scenario being fulfilled, Let me just say that everything is ready for these prophecies to be fulfilled.
Please remember, seven years before the Lord steps down on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem, the Rapture happens, when the Archangel shouts, the trumpet sounds and Jesus shouts for us to join Him in the air where we will ever be with Him in the heavenlies. The Rapture could happen today.
PRAYER THOUGHT: Help me, Lord, to warn as many people as I can of this coming time of great judgment upon the earth. And help me to show them how to be prepared for this event by coming to know You as Lord and Saviour.


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Some like it hot. If you're the type, you're going to need to try gochujang.
The Korean condiment is nothing new, but it's been increasing its presence in America's grocery stores and recipes over the past several years. Gochujang is a fermented hot pepper paste that has a history over 1,000 years old. It's slightly reminiscent of ketchup, but with a powerful kick and staying power. It might be what you wish were the result of mixing sriracha with ketchup, but it's got more depth than something you can concoct in your head. It's savory, spicy (but not as spicy as sriracha), sweet and tangy all at once. For the love of all things hot, try some gochujang.
The condiment is a staple in many Korean households. It pairs perfectly with meats, veggies, scallion pancakes, soups and rice. If you like Korean food, you've probably had it while dining out without even knowing it. Once you get your tastebuds on it, you might be saying goodbye to sriracha forever. Yes, we went there.
You can learn more about the flavorful delight in the infographic from Bibigo below. Then, take yourself to an Asian specialty store or your grocer's international section and buy it in bulk. You won't regret it.
gochujang is available to purchase at SFMart.com


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There's a great meme going around about geeks and repetitive tasks. Because geeks will often get annoyed at the effort of doing something manually, they often decide to find a way to automate it – which usually involves a lot more effort than doing it the one time but "geeks win, eventually" because they save time in the long run.
But in the long run we're all dead. Then what? Who knows how to run your script? What happens when it needs to be maintained? As Jon Udell points out, it's really not a contest, it's a process, and non-geeks can play too. Which is why you should also write it down if you're going to do it more than two times.
OK, "doing it more than two times" is a huge generalization. What I mean more specifically is:
- If you're in a team environment or doing work that will keep cropping up.
- If you're doing a task that is non-obvious and/or has a complicated series of steps that is non-obvious to people who are not you.
- If you're in any kind of critical path that would block shipping or operations if you aren't there to do the magical things you do.
- If you want to reduce your project or organization's Bus Factor (help other people become proficient).
- If you want to better understand what you do and how you can improve it.
Then you need to take a step back and document the things that you do on a regular basis, because it will help your teammates and (most likely) even you when you come back to a task that you haven't done for a long time.
Naturally, I'm thinking of this in terms of a project like CloudStack where documentation is vitally important. The success of a distributed team depends a great deal on good documentation.
An Example
Yesterday I spent the better part of the day doing something that, by rights, should have take 30 to 60 minutes – depending on the whims of the bandwidth gods while copying up docs to the server.
Unfortunately, what I was working on was not well-documented. This isn't surprising, it's something we've only had to do as a project twice and the first time was the "let's figure out how to do this" run. I captured some of the documentation during the second run, but not in enough detail and missed one step that wound up setting me back by a big chunk of time.
How this could have been avoided: The second time we did this, as a project, it should have been well documented and put up on the wiki.
Getting it Down
While you're working, keep a scratch (text) file open at all times. Shell history is nice, but it's often hard to decipher after the fact, especially if you have a lot of trial and error going on.
When you run a command or do something that works, put it in the file. Even if you do nothing more than make public a list of steps that worked for you, it's light years ahead of having to start from scratch.
After you've done $task, take a few minutes to brush up the list you've created and (if necessary) fill in any gaps like the requirements needed to run the commands you've used, the files you need, where to get source – whatever. Just think about how you got to the state you were in before Step 1 that may not be obvious to anyone else.
Plain text is absolutely fine, and usually preferred.
Getting it Out
If your project uses a wiki or something like that, now's a good time to put it in the appropriate place in the wiki. Note that putting documentation in an obvious place is sometimes as important as creating the documentation in the first place. A hidden README file in a disused directory on SVN isn't much help if your project usually looks to the Web for its docs.
You can, and also should, put it up on a blog. This is not a natural impulse for most hacker types, but more's the pity that it isn't. First, you can get feedback that way from people you've never even heard of. You may take it with a grain of salt, but you may also learn something you never would have learned any other way from someone who is an expert at what you're an neophyte at. (Note, this can also serve as a resume addition of sorts that demonstrates to employers that you are capable of putting words on paper, and that you're constantly learning.)
Finally, assuming you're doing it with a project or organization: announce your new docs on the appropriate mailing list. This way anyone who has an interest can benefit from your new docs, and you also can enjoy a little peer review. (Note, make a practice of thanking people if you see this happening, as a little encouragement is nice and shows that – yes, someone actually just received the message in a bottle that was just sent out.)
Share Your Brain
If you're the type of person who'd rather automate a task than repeat it, then you should also think about helping others (and future you) avoid having to repeat learning how to do something you've already figured out. The extra time that it takes to document something is no different than the extra time it takes to write a script; it's saving work in the future by doing a little extra now.


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Need a reliable electrician? We strive to provide our customers with a quality and affordable Newcastle electrical service. That's why we have a five-star customer rating on all the popular social media platforms.
Whether you hire us to help with a large-scale commercial project or need a domestic electrician to fix a small residential electrical fault, our highly efficient team are at hand to provide a service that you can rely on. Our reputation for reliability and personalised services has enabled us to emerge as one of the leading electrical contractors in Newcastle, and the North East.
We are a locally based company meaning we can provide services to our North East customers at extremely competitive prices. As a company, one of our main goals is to provide our customers with quality and affordable electrical services.
We strive to always provide each of our customers with the highest level of service – no matter the electrical job, all domestic electrical work and commercial electrical work is undertaken. We have several recurring clients which is testament to the consistently high standards that our local electricians deliver, and we are proud that our customers have rated us with five stars.
5 Star Reviews
We strive to provide our customers with quality and affordable electrical services. Thats why we have a five star customer rating on all the popular social platforms.


text:
This is rabidcentipede.com, my website! I've had this website since 2004, and over the past few years it has served as a messageboard, a blog, a collection of my programming/art projects, and the home of a LOT of random php/mysql experiments. Right now, I'm mostly using it as a place link to all of my various accounts/profiles, as well as somewhere for me to host random stuff.
So who am I? I'm currently studying Women's Studies and Religion at Vassar College. I'm a queer liberal vegetarian feminist with a strong interest in LGBTQ rights. I enjoy discussing gender, sexuality, philosophy, and psychology. I love music, art, and reading. I'm obsessed with the TV show Buffy the Vampire Slayer.
I spend a lot of time on tumblr, so if you want, you could follow my blog. If you want to contact me, you could either send me a message on tumblr, or through my facebook, or, if you really wanted to, .
I hope you enjoy my website!
IP Address = |
From: |


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A. The profit center is taken from the customer master record. B. The profit center can be entered manually. C. The profit center for the material is set automatically. D. The profit center can be set with a substitution.
Explain what is posting key and what does it control ?
In order to determine the transaction type which is entered in the line item, a two digit numerical is used known as 'Posting Key'Posting key determines:a) Account Typesb) Types of posting. Debit or Creditc) Field status of transaction
View answer Workspace Report Error Discuss
The currency of the controlling area must always be the same as the currency of the company code.
In cross-company assignments, every company code can be processed in its own currency. You are free to select the controlling area currency.
View Answer Workspace Report Error Discuss
In 1:n assignments, the operational charts of accounts in all assigned company codes and in the controlling area must be the same.
The charts of accounts must be the same.
[CO-OM-CCA] When a cost center is created, certain basic data must be entered. Which of the following are needed when creating a cost center.
A. Assignment to company code B. Validity period
C. Assignment to cost element D. Selection of activity unit
E. Cost center category
Answer : A , B , E
[CO-OM-CCA] Certain postings to a cost center can be blocked using a cost center indicator. Which of the following blocking indicators can be selected?
A. Material withdrawals B. Primary costs actual/plan
C. Revenues actual / plan D. Secondary costs actual/plan
E. Commitments
Answer : B , C , D , E
Which three entries have to be made to define the overhead structure completely?
A. Accrual object(s) B. Overhead rates
C. Deferral object(s) D. Base cost element(s)
E. Overhead element(s)
Answer : A , B , D
The SAP standard includes the standard controlling area ______ which can be used as a template for creating other controlling areas.
Answer : B
Before you can create cost centers, you must first create a _______ heirarchy.
A. Logical
B. Optimum
C. Complete
D. Standard
Answer : D


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You've probably noticed the ads. They're on TV, at sports events, and on the radio. CarMax has an enormous ad budget and spends millions to paint a rosy picture about the cars it sells. But behind all the hype, dangerous cars with killer safety defects are lurking.
CarMax boasts that all the vehicles it offers for sale must pass a rigorous inspection, before they can be sold as "CarMax Quality Certified" vehicles. But what they don't want you to know is that they fail to get the FREE safety recall repairs done.
Instead, they charge top dollar for cars with killer safety defects. In fact, according to a recent survey of CarMax vehicles for sale in California, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, over 25% of the vehicles they offer for sale have unrepaired safety recalls. One truck had 6 unrepaired safety recall defects — a deathtrap on wheels.
CarMax is the largest retailer of used cars in the U.S. They took in over $15 billion last year, but they don't care enough about the safety of their customers to hire employees and give them the job of delivering cars to franchised car dealers for repairs and picking them up when they're ready. Instead, they are perfectly willing to put the lives of their customers, their families and friends and other passengers, and others who share the roads, at risk, to maximize their profits.
One of the most common defects in CarMax cars: hazardous Takata airbags that are prone to exploding with excessive force, spewing metal fragments at drivers and passengers. Over 20 people have been killed by these ticking automotive time bombs. Here's what can happen at any time to hapless consumers who end up riding in cars with the faulty airbags:
People Magazine: Scott Eastwood's girlfriend Jewel Brangman died from faulty airbag in crash.
The crash that killed Jewel was basically a fender-bender. The recalled Honda that caused Jewel's death was sandwiched between two other cars, in a low-speed crash. Everyone else walked away. But a metal fragment from the exploding airbag sliced into Jewel's neck and she bled to death.
The only way CarMax is going to stop endangering lives is for their own customers to speak up. We hope that happens before there are more tragedies like the one that killed Jewel Brangman.
Did CarMax sell you a car with an unrepaired safety recall? If they did, we want to hear from you. Such sales are very likely a violation of state consumer protection laws. We encourage you to fight back.
Here's where to contact CARS. Thank you for helping save lives!


text:
In a significant show of diplomatic and economic cooperation, Riyadh became the backdrop for the collaborative summit between the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). At the helm of the UAE's representation was none other than President Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, with the summit's inauguration carried out by Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince, Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud.
High-ranking officials from both GCC and ASEAN countries marked their presence, underlining the importance of the summit. Among them were notable figures including Jasem Mohamed Albudaiwi, Secretary-General of the GCC, and top leaders from the ASEAN nations. The UAE President's entourage showcased the nation's commitment, with prominent members such as Sheikh Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Abu Dhabi's Deputy Ruler; and Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan, UAE's Foreign Affairs Minister.
Central to the summit's discussions were strategies aimed at bolstering ties between the GCC and ASEAN. Key areas under consideration included economic investments, political partnerships, and developmental initiatives. Both regions recognized the potential to elevate their strategic collaboration, meeting the growth and prosperity aspirations of their populations.
Upon arrival at the summit venue, the King Abdulaziz International Conference Center, the UAE President received a warm reception from Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince. Emphasizing the importance of this gathering, Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed highlighted the new chapter of cooperation being penned between GCC and ASEAN. The UAE President underscored the shared objectives outlined in their joint action plan for 2024-2028, spanning various domains from politics to commerce. While expressing gratitude for the invitation to the summit, the UAE leader did not shy away from addressing the pressing issues in the region.
Highlighting the escalating conflict, he voiced concerns about the humanitarian fallout and emphasized the urgency of a ceasefire. His plea centered on safeguarding civilian lives, providing relief assistance, and striving for comprehensive peace. Echoing the UAE's broader foreign policy approach, the President emphasized its dedication to nurturing relationships with ASEAN nations. He pointed to the recent growth in trade ties between the UAE and ASEAN, with further plans to solidify economic partnerships.
Beyond regional matters, the UAE President addressed global challenges like supply chain disruptions, climate change, and the ongoing threat of pandemics. Stressing the role of international cooperation, he underscored diplomacy as a tool to foster global peace and stability. In concluding, Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed highlighted the UAE's forthcoming role as the host for the UN Climate Change Conference (COP28). He expressed eagerness for ASEAN's active participation, emphasizing collaborative efforts for the greater good of humanity.


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< Piro >
"situational fubarage"
Tuesday - February 12, 2008
[Piro] - 07:23:03 - [link here]
I really don't know why my life has been an unyeulding series of situational FUBARs of late. It was more than just the online servers, most of which are all straightened out (i was amazed by how many legacy problems we had). I had major issues with the Dyesub printing and heat press, deliveries that did not arrive when they should have, even the MegaGear site (hosted elseshwere) was down several times... you get the idea.
I was seriously pissed yesterday when our order of b34rs did NOT arrive like it was supposed to. It's really frustrating because i busted my ass this weekend to get the little b34r hoodies printed and ready to go when the bears arrived monday morning. After wasting a good part of my day waiting for the damn shipment, i finally called and found out that they were not actually going to arrive until the next day. >_< It was important because in order to arrive on Valentines day, they needed to go out monday. We apologize for this, it might make it still, but we'll see.
Is this why the next comic is still not done? yes, and i apologize for that. THe way things have turned out i should have just said 'fuck it' to all of these problems and focused on the comic. Here's a preview panel to tide you over till i get back later today
i guess all of this is really just a big SNAFU. Another word i'm way too familar with.


text:
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text: We are in the process of initiating a medaka toxicogenomics project. The first goal will be to develop microarrays spotted with genes that are up or downregulated by exposures to toxic chemicals, as determined by PCR select subtractive hybridizations. The next step is to correlate changes in gene expression with toxicological endpoints. I am looking for a postdoc/research assistant professor with a strong background in microarray technology and bioinformatics. Salary will be in the $50K range. Secondly, I am looking for a research associate/postdoc with a background in aquatic toxicology to conduct exposure studies and to clone toxic-responsive genes. Salary will be in the $35K range. Positions are guaranteed for at least 2 years. The research site is on the campus of the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory located in Ocean Springs, a small, beautiful town, on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. Please contact me by phone or email for further information. Marius Brouwer University of Southern Mississippi Department of Coastal Sciences 703 East Beach Drive Ocean Springs, MS 39564 Tel: 228 872-4294 Fax: 228 872-4204 http://www.coms.usm.edu/staff/sbrouwmh.htm -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://iubio.bio.indiana.edu/bionet/mm/arrays/attachments/20031009/8254d54a/attachment.html


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Thanks John,the docs is very helpful to me!
jQuery 1.0.3
Another bug-fix release is ready for all to enjoy! It is highly recommended that you upgrade right away. As always, if you spot a bug, please add it to the bug tracker.
As with the last release, jQuery 1.0.3 is featuring only bug fixes – leaving all API additions/changes/deletions until the next full release: jQuery 1.1.
Once again, Jörn Zaefferer did an incredible job really keeping on top of the bugs, fixing the vast majority of them. Much of this release was made possible by him.
Download Now:
This release includes a new package: A complete zip file of everything associated with this release. This includes three versions of jQuery (Regular, Lite, and Packed), the test suite, and all the documentation. Now you don't have to build it yourself just to have your own copy.
- jQuery 1.0.3
- jQuery 1.0.3 Compressed
- jQuery 1.0.3 Full Release (All versions of jQuery 1.0.3, the documentation, and the test suite)
Tickets Closed:
The full set of bugs, or enhancements, that were closed with this release:
Note: Even though about 60 bugs are shown below, many of them were messed with by spammers – so I'm not entirely sure which ones were fixed this release and which ones are just zombie bugs that got re-closed. I'm fairly positive that while there were a lot of bug fixes this release, there weren't 60 of them.
- hover cross browser issue
- hoverClass
- slideUp/Down buggy in Opera 9.01
- jQuery?s toggle(); gets mixed up with moo.fx?s toggle();
- FX flash bug in animations
- .css() returns incorrect values
- Normalize event object
- Opacity should go to 1.0
- appending thead to table
- Problem with 'e' being passed to JQuery.css()
- [PATCH] IE Opacity issues resolved
- bug in show when used inside callback
- [jQuery] hover function does not invoke mouseout callback
- children() may return nothing
- [PATCH] $().hover error in firefox
- Context is being modified
- .text() includes comments
- Animation Queueing is Broken?
- IE weirdness on semi-opaque anti-aliased text, a small fix
- $([['a', 'b']]).length
- $().trigger broken since rev. 127
- JS 'warnings' generated in firefox
- Leak for Mozilla/Firefox browsers (using addEventListener)
- Safari crash in test suite
- remove() & remove(expr) not work
- [PATCH] innerWidth and innerHeight fails in IE with no borders
- $.load requires a callback
- o.getAttribute is not a function (line 634)
- Unavailable response header breaks Firefox 1.0
- Problems with show and hide
- Nested in display:none gives width()/height()=0
- this.set is not a function
- ifModified arg to $.ajax()
- ready does not work over https with msie – fix
- Params to $.get() are appended wrong to querystring
- ajax summary / todo list
- $('node1/node2') gives error when node1 is empty
- The float property for IE
- Opacity doesn't work in IE
- $.postJSON
- cloneNode() issues
- "name.replace is not a function" in 1.0.2
- it is impossible to implicitly abandon search context (without .end())
- load() of html is not shown properly after hide/show
- Seperate private and public $.extend
- $.load should automatically be JQuerified
- ajaxStart and ajaxStop are having issues
- .add( jQuery )
- Double assignment when setting iframe src attribute
- XML not properly parsed by Interface Autocompleter
- Some variables are not initialized properly in jQuery.ajax in 1.0.2
- $.ajax: Evaluate JS for "html" dataType like load()
- $('something').load('test.html').show("slow") won't work
- Mod of API Docs for jQuery "val"
- jQuery 1.0.2 appears to break the Interface Elements Autocompleter plugin
- Hyphens in CSS, IE6
- Assert that animate does not alter the hash param
- .animate() overflow not reset
21 thoughts on "jQuery 1.0.3"
Where's the svn? —
svn co svn://jquery.com/jquerysubversion/libsvn_client/checkout.c:90: (apr_err=170000)
svn: URL 'svn://jquery.com/jquery' doesn't exist -
Pingback: Nueva version jQuery 1.0.3 - aNieto2K
So,what about:
Thanks. -
When I try to use 1.0.3, I get a javascript error because of the following line:
1015: event.target = event.srcElement;
The error I get (only in IE, which is consistent with the above since line 1015 is in the if (jQuery.browser.msie) block). The above line is not in 1.0.2, which works just fine for me.
The error IE complains about is:
'null' is null or not an object -
@Steve / @John: Get the same error in IE when i make an $.ajax() call…
I posted a this as critical in bug tracker.
Thanks for suggestion,John,so you say XmlHTTPRequest available only for generic ajax requests? $.get,post,load are out of luck?It's not very consistent for framework,don't you think?And if you accept that I say,why put such constraints in the first place?
Best wishes.
By the way,why $.ajax has success/complete/… separation but other ajax functions dosen't?So,I have to use function(xml,status){} signature all the time and check for "success" myself using "status".Could you,please,provide more consistent programming model for ajax requests?
Wouldn't it be better to you write the test to "prevent execution of jQuery if included more then once" (the one at the beginning) outside the eval block in the compressed file?
I'm not really sure but I think it would prevent the parsing of the eval block and thus be faster.
Not sure if this is a bug or something intentional but with 1.0.3 when animating objects they now seem to quickly fade-in and fade-out.
Thank you so much for all your incredible work!
great work guys
It looks like a lot of bug fixes, but unfortunately I can't upgrade. Whatever has changed has caused the tabs plugin to not work correctly in IE. I'd submit a bug report, but I have no idea on what the problem might be.
It could just be a problem with the plugin itself, of course. :)
Small bug(feature)-if you'are using saveHistory behavior(very useful feature for "form" element) of IE-getAttribute/setAttribute methods are "blocked/overrided",hence $().attr() dosen't work at all.You have been warned;-)
Best wishes.
Found a bug with using hover event binding in IE. Memory keeps spiking whenever i hover over any elements that went through the hover binding process. Also noticed that the IE memory leak hasn't been addressed yet. (Memory leak whenever the page refreshes)
function navMenu()
if ($.browser.msie)
{ /* memory leak */
$("#navMain").find("#navMain > li").hover(function()
} -
If you have enough control over your page to worry about performance, you can just avoid including jQuery more then once, therefore preventing any performance issues. The check is necessary for cases where you don't have that control.
@all bug reporters:
Could you please use the bug reporting (http://jquery.com/dev/bugs/new/) to post bugs? Thats helps a lot to keep thing organized and getting them done. Thanks!
AOL Active Virus Shield recognizes jQuery like a virus: Trojan program Trojan-Downloader.JS.Psyme.cm
Hello John, everyone!
I wanted to let you know that it seems Jquery is having a conflict with the latest Mootools library. I am not a .js script kiddie at all, but I noticed that if mootools is activated AFTER JQuery, then it cuases issues with scripts written in JQuery. I am a Joomla developer and have created 2 extensions in my demo site at http://demo.joomlaworks.gr, the one uses JQuery (the Header Rotator) and the other (Simple Image Gallery) uses Mootools.
Changing the order of the scripts solves the problem. I tried various activations/deactivations with both libraries and it seems that the problem is only with JQuery.
Thanks in advance for any input/feedback on this.
Fotis Evangelou


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EXCO Resources is spending about $1 billion to acquire assets from Chesapeake Energy in Texas and Louisiana.
The land provides EXCO both with producing fields and potentially lucrative drilling sites in the future.
Chesapeake Energy Corp., based in Oklahoma City, is selling approximately 55,000 net acres in Zavala, Dimmit, La Salle and Frio counties in Texas — part of the Northern Eagle Ford Shale. There are 120 producing wells there.
It's also selling interests in about 9,600 net acres in Desoto and Caddo parishes in Louisiana, part of the Haynesville Shale. That includes non-operating interests in 170 EXCO operated wells and operating interests in 11 wells run by Chesapeake.
EXCO Resources Inc., of Dallas, said Wednesday that it expects to complete the acquisitions in July.


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Unique Vehicles for a Unique Environment
New autonomous robots will pierce an ice-covered ocean and explore the Arctic abyss
Imagine you have inherited a magnificent medieval castle. You wander its corridors, climbing spiral staircases to hidden towers, delving purposefully into subterranean caverns, and delighting in the details of its architecture, history, and artistic treasures. Over time you come to realize there is a great North Wing that has long been sealed off from the rest of the castle.
You've found old documents in the library describing construction of the North Wing, and it appears as though it was built using rare materials that are not found anywhere else in the castle. As best as you can tell the castle's main thermostat is inside the North Wing, which adds some urgency because lately the castle seems to be getting inexplicably warmer. And, perhaps most intriguing, recent evidence suggests that something—perhaps even something unusual—might actually be living in there.
Even so, it might be more accurate to confess that you've just got to gain entrance to the North Wing—because not being able to enter rooms in your own house is unbearable.
Finding a way in
You come to realize, however, that you're not the first to try. Numerous intrepid individuals have dedicated themselves to the pursuit over the years, their stories comprising a veritable tome of frustration and failure. And why? Because the North Wing is hidden under a moat of water more than two miles deep, which, in turn, is covered by a permanent layer of ice.
Moreover, it is so far north that the compasses and gyroscopes typically used for navigation are essentially useless. The tools required to get through ice and into the abyss to explore the North Wing cannot be bought at any price. You will have to make them yourself.
You have probably guessed by now that the castle in this mental exercise is Earth, and the North Wing is the vast, ice-covered Arctic Ocean Basin. If the old adage is true that we know more about the surface of our neighboring planets than we do about Earth's ocean basins (and it is), then nowhere is it more true than the Arctic Basin.
A blank spot on the map of Earth
Deep-sea research is hard enough as it is. But cover the ocean you're trying to explore with a permanent ice cap, limit your available field season to a few months that are not too cold and dark, and factor in a generally inaccessible location at the very top of the world, and you can begin to appreciate why we know so little about the Arctic Basin.
In fact, were it not for a few Russian and American scientists whiling the months away in camps on drifting ice floes, we would know almost nothing at all about the earth's great North Wing. (Actually, U.S. and Soviet navies also gathered data about the Arctic during the heyday of Cold War submarine warfare, but this information is generally classified.)
The human spirit cannot abide a puzzle with a missing piece. But this is especially so when the missing piece could fill in crucial details about the origin of Earth's oceans, the evolution of life, and our planet's susceptibility to climate change.
An unexplored frontier
For climatologists and physical oceanographers, it is often said that the Arctic is a canary in the environmental coal mine. In a warming world, the Arctic's delicately balanced ocean circulation and sea ice appears vulnerable to disruptions that could have dramatic impacts on Earth's oceans and climate. Thus, climate change drives a large percentage of Arctic research.
But the Arctic Basin is so unknown and unique, it probably holds more undiscovered scientific treasures than any other ocean basin on Earth. Perhaps the hardest challenge is deciding which fundamental scientific questions to attack first.
For marine biologists, for example, the Arctic represents a potential gold mine. About 65 million years ago, the Arctic Ocean basin became enclosed, with no deepwater connections to any other ocean basin on Earth. Species and biological communities in the Arctic Ocean may have developed and evolved in isolation, possibly making the Arctic a sort of marine equivalent of Australia. (See The Evolutionary Puzzle of Seafloor Life).
A 21st-century voyage of discovery
In 2001, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) scientist Henry Dick was part of a team that conducted the most detailed exploration to date of the Gakkel Ridge, which transects the eastern Arctic Basin and is perhaps the most enigmatic tectonic plate boundary on Earth. Like all mid-ocean ridges, the Gakkel Ridge is an undersea volcanic mountain chain where magma erupts to create new ocean crust that spreads out on both sides of the ridge. It was thought to be spreading so slowly, however, that it would have little volcanic and hydrothermal activity on it.
But Dick and colleagues found tantalizing clues of active volcanism and ubiquitous hydrothermal venting on the Gakkel Ridge. What's more, they gathered evidence that seafloor spreading on the Gakkel Ridge occurs in a fundamentally different way compared to other previously explored ridges. (See Earth's Complex Complexion)
Dick and colleagues recovered rocks from the Gakkel Ridge composed of materials that normally reside in the mantle deep within Earth's interior, and that are rarely found on Earth's surface. These rocks are perhaps the closest modern analogues to the kind of volcanic rocks that erupted billions of years ago in the early stages of Earth's history. They have a distinct chemistry that affects their interaction with seawater circulating through hydrothermal vent systems. (See The Remarkable Diversity of Seafloor Vents) These chemical reactions release exceptionally large amounts of chemical "food" for the kinds of evolutionarily ancient microbes that reside at the roots of the Tree of Life. (See Is Life Thriving Deep Beneath the Seafloor?) The hydrothermal vent fields on the Gakkel Ridge could therefore provide a means to study hydrothermal activity on an early Earth, and possibly even provide clues to the origin of life on this planet.
Many questions, little data
Scientists only began to get their first detailed look at the Arctic seafloor between 1995 and 1999, when the U.S. Navy and the National Science Foundation (NSF) teamed up to use Navy nuclear submarines for unclassified scientific investigations.
We still have almost no data from most of the mountain chains in the Arctic Basin, so we're still guessing about their composition, age, and origin. Yet, the sparse evidence we do have suggests that the Arctic Basin did not form the same way other ocean basins did, and that it may have the oldest extant ocean crust in the world.
That's why we dream about retrieving data from beneath the Arctic ice cap, and why we have begun to harness 21st-century technology to make those dreams come true. Nuclear subs are far too expensive to build and operate, and besides, they are crushed like tin cans at full Arctic seafloor depths. Instead, in our quaint New England village of Woods Hole, we are developing autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and other advanced deep-submergence technologies that can open up the Arctic Basin to scientific investigation.
Overcoming the ice barrier
Though many scientists dream of getting beneath the ice to study the Arctic Basin, the long-standing commitment to ocean technology and instrumentation at WHOI gives scientists here the opportunity to turn dreams into reality. We formally began a program to develop AUVs specifically for under-ice operations in the Arctic in January 2000 when the NSF Office of Polar Programs awarded WHOI a grant to design, fabricate, and test a prototype vehicle called APOGEE, the Autonomous Polar Geophysical Explorer. The objective was to develop a swimming robot that can carry a variety of scientific sensors to explore the most inaccessible regions of the Arctic Basin, and that can be deployed and recovered through a small hole in the ice.
Life is easier if AUVs can simply pop up on the ocean surface for recovery, but Arctic pack ice adds complications. APOGEE was designed with critical acoustic navigation and control systems that allow it to navigate to a homing beacon, latch itself to a wire suspended from a hole in the ice, and ultimately be recovered by scientists on an icebreaker or an ice camp. Without this essential capability, an AUV in the Arctic would almost certainly be lost.
To the Arctic and beyond?
We conducted our last set of sea trials with APOGEE in 2003. Now, we have begun to build the next generation of Arctic vehicles—under a joint grant (with the University of Maryland's Space Systems Lab) from the Astrobiology Science and Technology for Exploring Planets program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Our mission will be to use AUVs to find, map, and sample hydrothermal vent fields on the Gakkel Ridge. We will develop instrumentation that will guide future efforts to search for life on Europa, a Galilean moon of Jupiter, which may have two necessary ingredients for life: active volcanism and an ocean—albeit an ice-covered one.
The mission will also allow us to study Arctic vent fields for the first time. We will use a small group of purpose-built AUVs, each with different characteristics and equipped with state-of-the-art sensor systems. They will work in concert to study Arctic vent fields. For example, a "bloodhound" AUV (named Puma, for Plume Mapper) will be equipped with sensors that can detect tiny telltale temperature, chemical, or turbidity signals in the water. It will survey a wide area to "sniff out" one of the hydrothermal vent plumes that Henry Dick got whiffs of in 2001 and follow it back to its vent field source on the seafloor.
Once a vent is found, "hummingbird" AUVs (named Jaguar), will be deployed. These will be able to hover in place, and equipped with camera and lighting systems, high-resolution sonar, and a manipulator arm with storage canisters, they will be used for mapping, imaging, and sampling at vent sites.
Fully autonomous methods have never been used to find and image, not to mention obtain samples from, vent fields in any ocean, not to mention an ice-covered one. The technical challenges are serious and legion, but they are worthy of a cutting-edge oceanographic institution such as WHOI. We are of necessity drawing on the expertise, inspiration, and creativity of dozens of experts hailing from every department within the institution.
There is no denying that we are attempting an ambitious project that faces stiff technical challenges, but this energizes and motivates us. Ultimately, we will succeed or fail based on the talent and dedication of the scientists, engineers, and technicians who are conceiving, designing, and fabricating the new instrumentation we will take to the Arctic. Anyone who knows the people on our team would be reluctant to bet against us.


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sierraclub.org - sierra magazine - may/june 2013 - repurpose: umbrella tote bag
REPURPOSE | Trash into Treasures
By Wendy Becktold
I thought I was pretty good at minimizing my use of plastic. I wrap sandwiches in compostable baggies, grind fresh peanut butter into a glass jar, and buy a bunch of stuff in bulk.
Then I decided to follow the advice of blogger Beth Terry of myplasticfreelife.com and collected all my plastic waste (recyclable and not) for a week. It's one thing to know theoretically that all those random scraps add up, another to watch the pile growing under the kitchen sink and imagine it floating forever in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.
Achieving a plastic-free life feels like a Sisyphean task. But it cheers me up to hear about how cities from Austin to Mumbai to Mexico City are banning single-use plastic bags—a global trend that will surely make a dent in the mountains of plastic trash overtaking the planet.
With that in mind, I made my own reusable shopping bag out of a broken umbrella. I snipped the fabric loose from the umbrella spine, folded it, cut out two squares, and then sewed them together along the sides and bottom. I made handles with the leftover material.
The bag is waterproof (of course), light, and easy to stuff into my purse. Now I just have to figure out what to do with that pile under the sink.
Difficulty Level: 4 | Construction time: 1 to 2 hours
You need some basic sewing skills.
Based on a project by Joanne Wong at instructables.com.


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If your home appliances are acting up, get your local appliance repair shop. Their pros have the tools and skills to repair practically any major household appliance.
Appliances offer superior convenience for the busy modern lifestyle. Can you imagine working 9 to 5 and then having arrive home and wash your personal clothing by hand or cook dinner only after stoking your wood-burning kitchen stove? Thankfully, today's appliances help save time simply by making our daily chores easier and faster. But for anyone who is experiencing performance problems having your washing machine or dishwasher, these appliances can put in more everyday workload instead of lending a hand. In the event that's the case, you will need to call in a professional appliance repair expert. As trained craftsmen, these experts can help you eliminate a wide range of issues with virtually any major household appliance.
Refrigerator Repair
If your fridge isn't cooling, it's a difficulty! Before your perishable items spoil, you be able to get refrigerator repair services. A refrigeration repairman can evaluate issues from insufficient cooling to excessive chilling and everything in between to diagnose the root of however and get your fridge fixed. Many are experienced at tricky jobs like compressor and evaporator service, and most are competed in the proper handling of refrigerants. From faulty lights to crumbling seals to compressor failures, refrigeration repairs will get the appliance up and running properly again fast.
Dishwasher Repair
Hand-washing every dish inside your is a major difficulty. So if your dishwasher is leaking, not having the dishes clean, or malfunctioning in any other way, make sure you get the dishwasher repair service you have to get your appliance back to peak condition. A variety of failures from door seals and latches to water inlet valves and float switches can cause your dishwasher to act up. Your appliance repair professional can assess the symptoms, identify the source of the issue, and completely resolve your dishwasher's undesirable behavior to help restore convenience to your kitchen therefore your life!
Washer and Dryer Repair
When your model or dryer isn't laundering your clothing properly, it can also add hours on in your daily to-do specify. Whether a broken washer has you driving to the Laundromat or a faulty dryer has you line-drying everything from jeans and socks to sheets and towels, it will sound like you need professional washer-dryer repair. Local appliance repair services are available to reduce the full spectrum of washer and dryer repair issues, so no matter how your laundry room appliances are acting up, may be help. From clogged dryer vents to damaged cycle selector switches, your appliance repair company is certain to get your washing machine and/or dryer repair ed and in order to working its best again in not enough available time at all.
Thornton Express Appliance Repair
1954 E 96th Cir Thornton, CO 80229


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You're ready to learn new skills, level up your cookie business, travel the world, or do something you've never done before. You're ready for your next adventure, Girl Scout. Get started here, and soon you'll be telling everyone about the amazing things you've done.
Meet a new Girl Scout bestie, go on an outdoor adventure, or earn a new badge at one of these amazing events.


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I have a website with two versions, one for production and one for development (testing new features). All of the code is under version control and the websites are on separate servers.
Currently, I have the same Google Analytics Tracking code used on both sites. Since the code is under version control, it would be ideal to either have an if I am on production, use this code; else if on development server use that code
clause. But I suspect that Google makes it easier to do something like this.
I see that there are many ways to configure a GA tracking code, e.g. "a single domain" vs. "multiple top level domains". But it is not clear to me how to set this up.
Also, if tracking code configured for a single domain has been on the development server, have I been picking up traffic to both sites, or does GA just ignore the second domain that I haven't registered?


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Most of the leaders and dignitaries who converged on this capital city last Monday from around the world to attend the official memorial service for former president Nelson Mandela have departed, but grateful South Africans continue to fill the streets by the thousands to honor their beloved icon.
Thousands continued to file briskly past his outstretched, encased casket as his body lay in state here for the last day on Friday at the Union Buildings, just steps away from the seat of power.
"I need this opportunity to see him," said Mapula Pilusa as she stood in a line Friday morning that slowly inched its way toward Mandela. The line snaked for miles, curving off of Steve Biko Street onto Stanza Bopape and curving again on Hamilton Street, past McDonald's and the Pretoria Hotel on one side of the street and Nana's Hair Café on the other.
"As you can see, the queues are long, but I am happy for that," Pilusa said, referring to the lines leading to the Union Buildings from different directions in the city. "I'm glad I am getting at least one opportunity to see him."
At 23 years old, Pilusa did not live under pre-1994 rigid racial segregation known as apartheid, a system that required Blacks to carry passbooks at all times.
"I am young and I don't know that much about apartheid," she said. "I am learning more and more about it and know you can now do anything you want to do."
What many have wanted to do was leave flowers, posters and other mementoes in front of the Mandela residence as dignitaries filed in and out of the stately house to comfort Graca Machel, his grieving widow. Visitors from near and far gathered out front during all hours to reflect, to take photos or simply to mourn.
Vendors have remained nearby, hawking flags, T-shirts and buttons bearing images of the Nobel Prize winner who became one of the world's most venerated figures. He is alternately referred to as Nelson Mandela, Tata (father) or Madiba, the clan name he preferred.
It was more important what he did than what he was called, judging from the reaction of South Africans. As thousands lined up to view the body, Pretoria became a city of honking horns and dancing. Without prompting, people would break out into tribal chants, shout "Mandela, Mandela" or perform a dance called the toyi-toyi.
On Friday, there were constant squeals of sirens piercing the air, helicopters circling the city, often indicators of official Pretoria traveling from one point to another point.
Kefilwe Molefi said the mood Friday stood in sharp contrast to when she first learned that Mandela died a week earlier at the age of 95.
"He died on Thursday. I heard the news on Friday at 6:30 a.m.," she recalled. "I told my flat mate, 'I think I heard something about Mandela passing.' She said, 'What?' I brought my phone into the room, put it on a speaker and we listened. I couldn't believe it. I was almost late to work. It was sadness. It was not like it is now, when they have accepted it, digested it, and are now celebrating it. It was just sad and less smiles. The man was old and they knew at some point he would die. But it still came as a shock."
When she was interviewed, Molefi was standing in front of a huge picture of a smiling Mandela that rested on a makeshift stand nestled on Steve Biko Street between two fast food restaurants, Wimpy and a KFC that remains open around the clock. Like other impromptu memorials, the area became an instant shrine, where hundreds came to take snapshots next to a larger-than-life photo of Mandela.
Mothusi Gill ended up at the site, though not by choice.
"Yesterday [Thursday], I had some business to do in the morning. I was free after 12 in the afternoon, so I went at 1 o'clock and waited until half past three, when they told us it wasn't possible. I came back this morning. At half past six, I was there. But I was turned back just as I was about to go into the Union Buildings."
For the three days Mandela has been lying in state, thousands have lined Kgosi Mampuru and Madiba streets as his flag-draped coffin was taken to and from 1 Military Hospital. Instead of risking not getting a chance to view the body on Friday, Gill found the popular alternative site on Steve Biko Street.
Dressed in a white, v-neck Nike T-shirt, dark slacks and green and white head scarf, Gill also handed his cell phone to others to photograph him standing next to the large photo of Mandela.
"For me, he's the greatest man that has ever lived in my lifetime," Gill said, referring to Mandela. "I don't think there will be anyone else like him in my lifetime."
On Saturday, Mandela's body was flown to Qunu in the Eastern Cape, where he was scheduled to be buried Sunday in a family graveyard.
Public celebrations were expected to continue following his funeral, beginning Monday morning with the unveiling of the tallest statue of Mandela in the world, an event that was scheduled prior to his death. At eight meters (24 feet), it will be two meters (6 feet) larger than the 6-meter statue of him at Sandton Square in Johannesburg [a meter equals three feet].
Other major statues of Mandela include the ones erected at The Hague in Holland (3.5m); the Drakenstein Correctional Facility at Paarl and the South African Embassy in Washington (each 3m); Parliament Square in London (2.7m); and the Waterfont in Capetown (2.15m).
The bronze statue of Mandela to be displayed in Pretoria on Monday, officially observed as Reconciliation Day, weighs 4.5 tons. It was scheduled to be unveiled by President Jacob Zuma, the country's third Black president, and members of the Mandela family before Mandela's death.
On Friday, Lydia Ramulwela was already thinking about life after Mandela.
"Because we've learned so much from him, I don't think it will change if we can follow his principles," she said. "We've learned a lot from him. He opened our minds and we thank God. He taught us about forgiveness. We compare him to Jesus."
Barring the imminent return of Jesus, however, Ramulwela says she already has a preference for South Africa's next president.
"We really like Obama," she said, excitedly. "If Obama can come here after he finishes in the U.S., we'll be fine. Nobody will be like Mandela. But maybe Obama can come and rule South Africa. We like him so much."


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Psalm text (Ps 98:1, 2-3a, 3b-4)
The Lord has revealed to the nations His saving power.
Sing to the Lord a new song,for He has done wondrous deeds;His right hand has won victory for Him,His holy arm.
The Lord has made His salvation known:in the sight of the nations He has revealed His justice.He has remembered His kindness and His faithfulnesstoward the house of Israel.
All the ends of the earth have seenthe salvation by our God.Sing joyfully to the Lord, all You lands:break into song; sing praise.
By Bryan Murdaugh
By Michael Keppel
By Aaron Thompson
By Ron Haeske
Gospel Verse (1 Thes 5:18)
In all circumstances, give thanks, for this is the will of God for you in Jesus Christ.
The English translation of the Psalm Response(s) and Gospel verse(s) from Lectionary for Mass © 1969, 1981, 1997, International Committee on English in the Liturgy, Inc. All rights reserved.


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The second step in getting a job is having an interview with a potential employer. The first step was sending your application and after careful review by the company, you are seen as candidate for the vacant position.
The employer got this information through an ad that was placed in the paper, referred by someone in the company or a headhunter, or by a person who simply submitted an application via the company's website.
The first impression employers always look at is your resume. Given the many that apply, this usually takes about 30 seconds and so with the limited words, one must be sure that the resume is well written and grammatically correct.
During the interview, most employers want to know more about person since the resume only gives certain information such as the person's name, age, address, contact number, social security number, past and current employment.
The employer will likely ask about the experiences, lessons and accomplishments one has done and learned working for another employer. This will usually include how the person handled a situation in the company, the challenges of the job and the relationship with coworkers.
Another question will be the relationship between the applicant and family members. This shows character with how the person interacts with people who are close and those that know the person for a long time.
The employer will usually ask why the person applied in the company and where you would like to be in 5 to 10 years. Long term questions such as this will show if there is dedication for the job at hand and if the company can provide something beneficial for both the applicant and the employer.
Companies follow a certain budget in hiring qualified personnel which is why the interviewer will ask how much one desires to get for the job. If what is being asked is too high, the employer will usually ask if the salary is open to negotiation.
After the employer asks questions, room is usually given for the applicant to ask questions in return. This is the best time to know a little bit more the company one might be working in and to get a feel of the potential company.
If there are no more questions, the interviewer will then end the meeting and call the applicant back if the person has passed the initial interview so that the next phase of the application process can begin.