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By Thich Nhat Hanh in December 1995
The Four Mantras
When you love someone, you have to be truly present for him or for her. A ten-year-old boy I know was asked by his father what he wanted for his birthday, and he didn't know how to answer. His father is quite wealthy and could afford to buy almost anything he might want.
By Thich Nhat Hanh in December 1995
The Four Mantras
When you love someone, you have to be truly present for him or for her. A ten-year-old boy I know was asked by his father what he wanted for his birthday, and he didn't know how to answer. His father is quite wealthy and could afford to buy almost anything he might want. But the young man only said, "Daddy, I want you!" His father is too busy – he has no time for his wife or his children. To demonstrate true love, we have to make ourselves available. If that father learns to breathe in and out consciously and be present for his son, he can say, "My son, I am really here for you."
The greatest gift we can make to others is our true presence. "I am here for you" is a mantra to be uttered in perfect concentration. When you are concentrated – mind and body together – you produce your true presence, and anything you say is a mantra. It does not have to be in Sanskrit or Tibetan. A mantra can be spoken in your own language: "Darling, I am here for you." And if you are truly present, this mantra will produce a miracle. You become real, the other person becomes real, and life is real in that moment. You bring happiness to yourself and to the other person.
"I know you are there, and I am very happy" is the second mantra. When I look at the moon, I breathe in and out deeply and say, "Full moon, I know you are there, and I am very happy." I do the same with the morning star. Last spring in Korea, walking mindfully among magnolia trees, I looked at the magnolia flowers and said, "I know you are there and I am very happy." To be really present and know that the other is also there is a miracle. When you contemplate a beautiful sunset, if you are really there, you will recognize and appreciate it deeply. Looking at the sunset, you feel very happy. Whenever you are really there, you are able to recognize and appreciate the presence of the other – the full moon, the North Star, the magnolia flowers, or the person you love the most.
First you practice breathing in and out deeply to recover yourself, and then you sit close to the one you love and, in that state of deep concentration, pronounce the second mantra. You are happy, and the person you love is happy at the same time. These mantras can be practiced in our daily life. To be a true lover, you have to practice mindfulness of breathing, sitting, and walking in order to produce your true presence.
The third mantra is: "Darling, I know you suffer. That is why I am here for you." When you are mindful, you notice when the person you love suffers. If we suffer and if the person we love is not aware of our suffering, we will suffer even more. Just practice deep breathing, then sit close to the one you love and say, "Darling, I know you suffer. That is why I am here for you." Your presence alone will relieve a lot of his or her suffering. No matter how old or young you are, you can do it.
The fourth mantra is the most difficult. It is practiced when you yourself suffer and you believe that the person you love is the one who has caused you to suffer. The mantra is, "Darling, I suffer. Please help." Only five words, but many people cannot say it because of the pride in their heart. If anyone else had said or done that to you, you would not suffer so much, but because it was the person you love, you feel deeply hurt. You want to go to your room and weep. But if you really love him or her, when you suffer like that you have to ask for help. You must overcome your pride.
There is a story that is well-known in my country about a husband who had to go off to war, and he left his wife behind, pregnant. Three years later, when he was released from the army, he returned home. His wife came to the village gate to welcome him, and she brought along their little boy. When husband and wife saw each other, they could not hold back their tears of joy. They were so thankful to their ancestors for protecting them that the young man asked his wife to go to the marketplace to buy some fruit, flowers, and other offerings to place on the ancestors' altar.
While she was shopping, the young father asked his son to call him "daddy," but the little boy refused. "Sir, you are not my daddy! My daddy used to come every night, and my mother would talk to him and cry. When mother sat down, daddy also sat down. When mother lay down, he also lay down." Hearing these words, the young father's heart turned to stone.
When his wife came home, he couldn't even look at her. The young man offered fruit, flowers, and incense to the ancestors, made prostrations, and then rolled up the bowing mat and did not allow his wife to do the same. He believed that she was not worthy to present herself in front of the ancestors. His wife was deeply hurt. She could not understand why he was acting like that. He did not stay home. He spent his days at the liquor shop in the village and did not come back until very late at night. Finally, after three days, she could no longer bear it, and she jumped into the river and drowned.
That evening after the funeral, when the young father lit the kerosene lamp, his little boy shouted, "There is my daddy." He pointed to his father's shadow projected on the wall and said, "My daddy used to come every night like that and my mother would talk to him and cry a lot. When my mother sat down, he sat down. When my mother lay down, he lay down." "Darling, you have been away for too long. How can I raise our child alone? She cried to her shadow." One night the child asked her who and where his father was. She pointed to her shadow on the wall and said, "This is your father." She missed him so much.
Suddenly, the young father understood, but it was too late. If he had gone to his wife even yesterday and asked, "Darling, I suffer so much. Our little boy said a man used to come every night and you would talk to him and cry with him, and every time you sat down, he also sat down. Who is that person?" she would have had an opportunity to explain and avert the tragedy. But he did not because of the pride in him.
The lady behaved the same. She was deeply hurt because of her husband's behavior, but she did not ask for his help. She should have practiced the fourth mantra, "Darling, I suffer so much. Please help. I do not understand why you will not look at me or talk with me. Why didn't you allow me to prostrate before the ancestors? Have I done anything wrong?" If she had done that, her husband could have told her what the little boy had said. But she did not, because she was also caught in pride.
In true love, there is no place for pride. Please do not fall into the same trap. When you are hurt by the person you love, when you suffer and believe that your suffering has been caused by the person you love the most, remember this story. Do not act like the father or the mother of the little boy. Do not let pride stand in the way. Practice the fourth mantra, "Darling, I suffer. Please help." If you really consider her to be the one you love the most in this life, you have to do that. When the other person hears your words, she will come back to herself and practice looking deeply. Then the two of you will be able to sort things out, reconcile, and dissolve the wrong perception.
The Practice of Loving Kindness
In our daily lives, we are often caught by wrong perceptions. We are human, and we make mistakes. When we listen unmindfully, we misunderstand the other person. We have to be aware of that. The Buddha said that we are caught many times a day by our wrong perceptions. We have to be careful not to be too sure of our perceptions. You might like to calligraphy these three words and put them on your wall as a bell of mindfulness: "Are you sure?"
When we look deeply, we often discover that it is we who cause ourselves the most suffering. We think our suffering is brought about by others – our parents, our partner, our so-called enemy – but when we look deeply, we see that out of forgetfulness, anger, or jealousy, we have said or done things to create our own suffering and the suffering of those around us. Suppose in the past I said something unkind to someone and made him suffer. Now, touching deeply the present, I can breathe in and out, smile to that person, and say, "I am sorry. I will never do that again." When I practice this, I see the other person smiling to me even if he is not there, even if he has already passed away, and my wound can be healed. Touching the present deeply, we can heal the past. The practice of dwelling in the present moment can help us calm ourselves and transform our pain. If you were abused by your parents or your society, it is important to learn how to transform the violence that is within you, so that violence will stop destroying you and those around you.
Whenever there is a fight between parents and children, both sides lose. Children who have been sexually abused by adults often feel helpless. They feel that violence will eventually destroy them. It is very important to learn the art of transforming the energy of violence in you into something more positive, like understanding or compassion. If you have suffered because of violence, you may tend to use that violence against yourself. That is why it is so important to practice looking deeply to take good care of the violence that is within you. Looking deeply, you will be able to see what could have caused the other person to act so violently towards you. You see the person who sexually abused you as someone who is sick and needs to be helped. Children who have been victims of that kind of sickness also need to be helped. If you are aware of their suffering, you will be able to generate the energy of compassion and bring about healing. In the past, you may have been animated by the energies of hatred, violence, and blaming, but through the practice of looking deeply, those energies can be gradually transformed into understanding and compassion. Compassion helps us understand others, even those who have caused our suffering. With compassion and loving kindness in us, we suffer much less.
Looking deeply, we can see the other person as our mother, father, or ourself. Then it is easy to act with compassion. The hatred and anger we have towards the other person prevent us from being happy or peaceful. But if we practice looking deeply into the other person, we see that she also suffers. She may be living in hell, and she needs help. Maybe you are the only one who can help. With that kind of insight, the stream of compassion suddenly begins to flow in your heart, and you suffer much less. Your insight is the fruit of your practice of looking deeply.
Just as there is no need to worry about the past, there is no need to worry about the future. The future is made only of the present. The best way to take care of the future is to take care of the present moment. If you walk deeply, drink deeply, and act deeply – in ways that bring real peace and joy to yourself and those around you – the future will be assured. When you have a fight with the person you love, try closing your eyes and visualizing yourself and the other person 200 years from now. After three breaths, open your eyes and I am sure you will see the other person differently. You will only want to take him or her into your arms and practice hugging meditation. Breathing deeply and holding the one you love, the energy of love, care, and mindfulness will penetrate her and she will be nourished and bloom like a flower. You will want to do everything you can to make her happy now. Don't wait until tomorrow.
Taking care of the present moment, you recognize the presence of the sunset, the morning star, the magnolia blossoms, and the person in front of you. When you practice this way, you will not be lost in your worries or anxieties about the future, or caught by the suffering of the past. The teaching of the Buddha is clear. You only have to practice it. With the presence of a loving Sangha, it is easy.
Buddhist meditation is, first of all, living mindfully. We practice precepts (sila), concentration (Samadhi), and insight (prajna). Being present helps us touch and look deeply into whatever is there. When you live deeply each moment of your life, you will have insight into yourself and also the person you think is the cause of your suffering. When insight is present, it is easy to love and accept, and you will see that the other person is not your enemy. He is yourself, and he needs you in order to be transformed. With that insight, the nectar of compassion is born in your heat. That nectar is the Buddha, the Holy Spirit, God, and it is available to us twenty-four hours a day.
After practicing taking ourselves as the object of love, we change the word "I" into "he" or "she." (See The Nine Prayers, below.) We can do that only when we have some understanding, peace, and solidity within ourselves. Self-love is the foundation for the love of others. We begin with love for someone we have sympathy with; then for someone we are fond of; and then for someone who has made us suffer. The children in Somalia, the victims of war in the former Yugoslavia, the children in my mother's native village may be considered first as neutral, people we don't really know. But if we touch them deeply, looking into them, they are no longer neutral to us. We see that they are ourselves, and suddenly compassion and loving kindness are born in us. They become true objects of our love. Finally, we come to the person we consider our enemy, the person who made us suffer. With the practice of deep looking and deep understanding, that person can also become the object of our love.
But first, we have to learn to look at ourselves with the eyes of understanding (prajna) and love (maître). Many of us cannot accept ourselves. We are at war with ourselves and want to run away from ourselves. Practicing looking deeply into ourselves and seeing the nature of the joy and pain within us, gradually we are able to accept, love, and take care of ourselves. "Know thyself" is the practice of love. If we look deeply into ourselves, we discover the conditions that have formed us and then we can accept ourselves – both our suffering and our happiness. So first of all, we accept ourselves as we are. Then we can accept the other person as she or he is. Looking deeply, we see how that person has been formed. Just as a flower is made only of non-flower elements, that person has been made of elements that are not him – his ancestors, his parents, his society, and so on. Once we see the causes and conditions that have made him, we are able to accept him and take good care of him.
According to the teaching of the Buddha, love is made of understanding. With understanding, you can love. To understand is to see all the difficulties, pain, and problems the other person is having. If you ignore the suffering and aspirations of the other person, how can you say you love him or her? But to love and understand is also to see the aspirations and hopes of the other person. To understand him more, you can go to him and ask, "I want to make you happy, but I do not understand you. Please help." If you want to love someone you don't understand, you might make him or her suffer more. A father has to go to his son and ask, "My son, do I understand you enough? Or is my love making you suffer?" Husbands have to ask wives the same question. Otherwise our love can suffocate the other person. It may be just a person for him or her. The practice of mindfulness helps us be there, look deeply, and understand the other person. We need to say to the other person, "I really want to love you and make you happy, but I need your help. Tell me what is in your heart. Tell me your difficulties. Tell me whether my way of loving is making you happy or unhappy." That is the language of true love. We need the other person's help to love properly and deeply.
All of us are subject to wrong perceptions. We have an idea of happiness and we want the people we love to follow that idea, but by forcing them to do so, we make them suffer. True love is always made of true understanding. That is in the teaching of the Buddha. "Looking with the eyes of compassion" is an expression from the Lotus Sutra, describing Avalokiteshvara. When you look at others with the eyes of compassion, not only do they feel pleasant but you also feel very pleasant, because understanding and love pervade your heart. The amount of happiness you have depends on the amount of compassion that is in your heart. Compassion always carries with it joy and freedom. If you love someone without understanding, you deprive her of her freedom.
In Buddhist psychology, we say that our consciousness is made of two levels. The lower level is called store consciousness (alayavijnana), like the basement. We keep all our seeds down there, and every time we or someone else waters a seed, that seed will sprout and manifest itself on the upper level of our consciousness, called mind consciousness (manovijnana). Mind consciousness is like the living room consciousness. Seeds in the storehouse consciousness manifest themselves in the living room consciousness. There are also mental formations. Mental formations are of 51 kinds, according to the Northern tradition of Buddhism. Mindfulness, loving kindness, hatred, violence, fear, equanimity, and faithfulness are mental formations. They manifest themselves on the upper level of our consciousness.
Our store consciousness is described as the soil, the earth, containing many positive and negative seeds. We have to be aware of all these seeds and their importance. We have seeds of suffering in us, but not only seeds of suffering. When we look deeply into ourselves, we may touch the suffering first, but we should know that there are other seeds present. Our ancestors have transmitted to us seeds of suffering, but also seeds of peace, freedom, joy, and happiness. Even if these seeds are buried deep in our consciousness, we can touch them and help them manifest.
To touch the seeds of joy, peace, and love within you is a very important practice. You can ask your friends to do the same for you. If you love someone, you acknowledge their positive seeds, and practice touching them every day. Touching and watering the seeds in one person is a very concrete practice of love. If you love me please refrain from watering only the seeds of anger, despair, and hatred in me. If you love me, recognize the seeds of joy, gladness, peace, and solidity in me also and touch them, several times a day. That will help me grow in the direction of health, joy, and happiness.
To practice mindfulness is to practice selective touching. Your happiness and suffering depend on you and the people around you. If they refrain from touching your negative seeds, if they know the art of touching the positive seeds in you, you become a happy person and your suffering will gradually be transformed by that kind of selective touching.
We learn how to touch the beauty of the sky and the autumn leaves even if pain and sorrow are still there. If it is difficult, we have to rely on the presence of a Dharma sister or brother to help us do so. If one mindful person, capable of joy and happiness, sits close to us, her energy of mindfulness and joy will support us and help restore our balance. Suddenly, with her sitting close, we are able to touch the blue sky and the colors of autumn again. I think all of us have had that kind of experience. Alone it may be difficult. But with someone beside you, solid and free, it is less difficult. We profit very much from his or her presence. If you find yourself in a desperate situation and that person is far away, you go to her, because her presence can help you restore your balance and get in touch with the positive elements that are within and around you. That is why a Sangha and a practice center are so crucial.
You need a practice center where you can find brothers and sisters, so that in difficult moments you know where to go to get support. Even if you cannot come, just thinking about it can give you some relief. Building a practice center, building a small Sangha in your city so that you have the opportunity of meeting other brothers and sisters for the practice of walking meditation, mindful breathing, tea meditation, and recitation of the precepts is very important. It is a raft that can rescue us.
One young American who practiced during the Winter Retreat at Plum Village was asked to write down all the positive traits of his father and his mother. He found it easy to list positive things concerning his father, but he was having difficulty with his mother. He was able to write only two or three positive things about her. But when he began to look deeply, he was surprised to find that he could touch many positive things in his mother. He practiced walking meditation, sitting meditation, mindful breathing, and all the activities of the Sangha. Then when he sat down to write, the insight came very naturally. In a few days he discovered dozens of positive qualities in his mother. The more his discovered, the more his resentment toward his mother vanished, and he reestablished his deep connection with her. Compassion and love flowed in his heart. Then he sat down and wrote a love letter to her.
When his mother received the letter, she was very moved. Her son had never talked to her that way, in the language of true love. He recognized all her qualities and felt grateful for her presence. She rediscovered her son and her own happiness. She regretted that her mother was not still alive so she could write the same kind of letter to her. The son then wrote another letter, saying, "Mother, my grandmother is still alive in you. You think that she has passed away, but she is still alive in you. You can touch her deeply. So why don't you write that letter now? I am sure Grandmother will read your letter, even as you are writing it." That was the insight he got in the practice – that all our ancestors are still alive in us. Our parents, even if we hate them and do not want anything to do with them, are still inside us. We are only a continuation of them. The son wrote the second letter to his mother, and his mother practiced writing the same letter to her mother. One person practicing may help the whole family to practice.
The practice of Buddhist meditation is the practice of true love. True love has the power to liberate us and bring happiness to ourselves and to living beings around us. True love is the love that retains liberty and creates joy. We cannot be peaceful and happy if we do not have true love in us.
The Nine Prayers
- May I be peaceful, happy, and light in body and spirit.
- May I be free from injury. May I live in safety.
- May I be free from disturbance, fear, and anxiety.
- May I learn to look at myself with the eyes of understanding and of love.
- May I be able to recognize and touch the seeds of joy and happiness in myself.
- May I learn to identify and see the sources of anger, craving, and delusion in myself.
- May I know how to nourish the seeds of joy in myself every day.
- May I be able to live fresh, solid and free.
- May I be free from attachment and aversion, but not be indifferent.
NOTE: After practicing "May I be…", you can practice, "May he (or she) be…", visualizing first someone you like, then the one you love the most, then someone who is neutral to you, and finally the person whom thinking of makes you suffer the most. Then you can practice, "May they be…', beginning with the group, the people, the nation, or the species you like, then the one you love, then the one that is neutral to you, and finally the one you suffer the most when you think of.
Photos: First photo by Simon Chaput. Second photo by Debora Faust.


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As expected, after years of negotiation, Colombia finally has a peace deal with a group of Marxist guerrillas that have been waging war against the central government for over a half-century.
In Havana on Wednesday, Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos and leftist guerrilla commander Timoleón Jiménez came to a final understanding on a peace deal that could, at long last, end the insurrection of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia), following a four-year process that began in Oslo in 2012, that dominated the 2014 general election and promises to cast a long shadow on upcoming elections in 2018. A ceasefire is set to take effect next Monday.
The deal hopes to end over 50 years of violent conflict between the Colombian state (and often, right-wing paramilitary forces) and FARC, closing a chapter of brutality that stretches back to the 1948 assassination of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, a popular presidential candidate, the Bogotazo riots the followed, the ensuing decade of 'La Violencia' and Colombia's descent into cartel-fueled drug conflict in the 1980s and 1990s.
Next, however, the Santos government has to win a national referendum on the deal to be held on October 2.
The headlines are congratulatory now, but it's not going to be an easy campaign to win.
In addition, the 'Yes' side must constitute at least 13% of all voters, adding a secondary threshold. So if turnout isn't high enough, the referendum will not pass. Even if it does win, however, the vote alone will not necessarily secure the peace deal's future, and it will take years (and likely millions in funding) to normalize peace in Colombia. That includes securing 7,000 rebel guerrillas who have preliminary agreed to disarm. Moreover, the deal also includes a late-breaking and controversial provision that guarantees at least 10 seats in the Colombian congress to a FARC-affiliated political movement through at least the year 2026.
The Colombian government's position has always been that any peace agreement should be ratified by voters in a special referendum; FARC leaders instead preferred a special constituent assembly. The next five weeks across Colombia will show why they've been so tenacious about subjecting the peace deal to a popular vote. There's no doubt that Santos wants to call the vote relatively quickly to prevent an even longer campaign to discredit his administration's efforts. First, though, the Santos administration must make public the exact terms of the deal, and it must formally win an internal FARC vote. Every little detail of the deal's terms and conditions will be potential fodder for derailing it.
As anxious, pro-European Brits might warn, not every issue should necessarily be subject to popular referendum. That's especially true in a representative democracy, where voters elect professional politicians to make, change and enact laws. That's especially true in cases where a minority can take away rights from a majority — whether it's the economic rights that come with EU membership or basic marriage equality for gay men and women. Or, in Colombia's case, securing special rights and privileges that will induce FARC's former guerrillas to give up violent conflict in favor of everyday politics.
Moreover, since the moment Santos announced plans to negotiate with FARC, his predecessor, Álvaro Uribe, has bitterly opposed him.
As Uribe's defense secretary, Santos seemed set to follow Uribe's hard-line, no-compromise course against FARC. Once elected in 2010, however, Santos diverged, drawing Uribe's ire and a challenge in the form of a new conservative political party, Centro Democrático (CD, Democratic Center), which thrived in the 2014 parliamentary elections. Uribe's candidate, Óscar Iván Zuluaga won the first round of the presidential election in May 2014 and only lost the runoff by a narrow six point margin a month later (owing his success more for his emphasis on economic growth than for his skepticism about the peace process). The 2014 runoff vote, in which Santos barely won an absolute majority (50.95%) is evidence for the broad notion that majority of Colombians can be mobilized in support of the peace deal.
But Uribe and his allies will stop at nothing to thwart the peace deal at the ballot box. Most Colombians seem well-disposed to the Santos approach, weary to end the chapter of far-left guerrilla rebellion and far-right military reprisals. The deal contains controversial aspects, including the potential amnesty of FARC rebels, and Uribe will be certain to emphasize the most unpopular elements of the deal.
Andres Pastrana, Uribe's Conservative predecessor as president, also tried to effect peace negotiations with the FARC, but like Uribe, he opposes the current deal, this week calling it a 'coup d'etat against justice.' Both Uribe and Pastrana will argue that a rejection at the ballot box will make possible renegotiation and, potentially, a tougher deal for FARC rebels. But it's hard enough to know whether FARC guerrillas will universally accept the terms of the current deal, let alone negotiate in good faith after rejection by voters.
WIthout uribismo, the Colombian government would never have been in such a great negotiating position, it's true. Uribe's controversial military (and US-backed) approach essentially defeated FARC as a serious threat and challenge to the government. Though Uribe faces accusations of human rights abuses, today's peace talks directly result from his government's victories over FARC.
If Santos wins the referendum and signs the peace deal, it will be the most important policy achievement of his two-term presidency. But, with less than two years to go, Santos is massively unpopular as Colombians blame him for a struggling economy and a much devalued peso. Earlier this year, Santos lost the support of the largest party in his coalition, the Partido Liberal Colombiano (PLC, Colombian Liberal Party), and several figures from within the wider pro-Santos camp are already competing for the 2018 elections. Zuluaga, who may run again in 2018, will obviously campaign vigorously against the peace deal. But even Santos's own vice president, Germán Vargas Lleras, the leader of the liberal, center-right Cambio Radical (Radical Change), and one of several leading 2018 contenders, has backed away from the peace process. Polls generally give the pro-deal camp a narrow lead, but not by much.
Other popular 2018 contenders less politically close to Santos will be in the pro-deal camp. Sergio Fajardo, a former Medellín mayor and governor of Antioquia, is likely to run as the candidate of the Partido Verde (Green Party). So might the left-wing Gustavo Petro, a former Bogotá mayor and M-19 guerrilla. Uribista allies tried to remove Gustavo Petro, a former M-19 guerrilla, as Bogotá mayor (traditionally, the second-most important elected post in Colombia) in 2013 and 2014, ostensibly over the issue of garbage removal. It took a ruling from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights to reinstate Petro as mayor.
Petro's example — the M-19 disarmed years ago and never represented the same level is that as FARC — shows just how radioactive, for both sides, the amnesty and political participation aspects of a peace deal could be. Notwithstanding Santos's promises, a significant portion of the Colombian political elite will be incredibly wary of the possibility that former left-wing rebels could one day gain power through the political process. The 2018 elections, ultimately, will represent a second-run referendum on the peace deal. Even a vote for peace in October, therefore, doesn't guarantee the peace process's ultimate success.


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Thursday, February 27, 2014
Earthworks and Cows and Hills, Oh My! A View of Chillicothe in the 1830s
"Chillicothe with Cows" Staffordshire platter. Used courtesy of Prices 4 Antiques.
In the early through mid 19th century, a considerable volume of Staffordshire pottery was created with views of American scenes. They were created, in Staffordshire, for the United States audience. Four illustrate Ohio views: two of Chillicothe, the first capitol of the state; and one each of Sandusky and Columbus.
Sandusky Staffordshire platter. Reproduced from Pictures of early New York on dark blue Staffordshire pottery, together with pictures of Boston and New England, Philadelphia, the South and West (1899) by R.T. Haines Halsey. Used courtesy of Boston Public Library and the Internet Archive.
There's little doubt that the Sandusky platter does, in fact, illustrate Sandusky, Ohio. It's consistent enough what was known about the city at the time that we can be confident in this assumption.
Columbus Staffordshire platter. Reproduced from Pictures of early New York on dark blue Staffordshire pottery, together with pictures of Boston and New England, Philadelphia, the South and West (1899) by R.T. Haines Halsey. Used courtesy of Boston Public Library and the Internet Archive.
Likewise, we can say the same for this view of Columbus. It illustrates the city from a viewpoint similar to that used by Thomas Kelah Wharton, below.
Columbus, Ohio from the south west. A drawing (1832) by Thomas Kelah Wharton. Used courtesy of the New York Public Library.
The similar in the lay of the city in Wharton's viewpoint, from the southwest, would seem to suggest that both views were made near the same time.
The two Chillicothe views - the one illustrated above and Chillicothe with raft - have, to this point, presented more difficulty. The most obvious landmark, the first statehouse, isn't visible in either view. It's been suggested by many that these views might not be Chillicothe at all, but rather, some other images chosent to stand in.
I tend to be cautious about asserting that a view isn't a place without evidence as to the actual location of the view being depicted. For an example of the dangers of these assumptions, I need point no further than Karl Bodmer's print of the Cleveland lighthouse, which many asserted couldn't be Cleveland because the lighthouse was clearly different and had different surroundings. It turned out that the structure being depicted was the harbor light, as is illustrated in depth in New Find! First* Painting of Cleveland in Color!
S.W. View of Chillicothe. An engraving (1839) by Charles Foster. Reproduced from Chillicothe, Ohio by G. Richard Peck. Used courtesy of the Ross County Historical Society.
The landscape illustrated in the Staffordshire platter of Chillicothe seemed inconsistent with the one shown in this 1839 engraving by Charles Foster, one of four views of the city that he printed that year. This made me less comfortable with the assumption that the view on the platter was, in fact, Chillicothe, Ohio.
George Wood residence, Chillicothe, Ohio. A watercolor painting (late 1830s). Used courtesy of Donald Carpentier.
A couple weeks ago, my colleague, Andrew Richmond, asked me if I might be able to identify the house illustrated in this watercolor from the late 1830s, the residence of one George Wood. I dug in. While Wood was clearly a man of considerable means, I wasn't able to learn that much about him. I was able to narrow down the general location of the residence, but beyond that, I was unsure. What followed was a lot of hemming and hawing.
Finally, I sent an email to Pat Medert, Archivist, at the Ross County Historical Society. Her response was most illuminating: "The house in the painting appears to be that of George Wood who resided at 144 W. Fifth St. George was born in 1793 in Jefferson County, VA. The family moved to Kentucky when he was a child, and in 1810, he and his brother, John moved to Chillicothe. They were partners in the mercantile and pork packing businesses. George also invested extensively in farm land in Ross County and was a person of considerable wealth at the time of his death in January 1861. He was never married and his estate went to his sister, Susan Hoffman."
Medert added, "George bought the property in 1833 and erected the house in 1837. It can be seen in a sketch made by Charles Foster in 1839. The house was remodeled in 1874, and renovations included the construction of an addition to the east side of the house. It is still standing and is well maintained."
(The George Wood residence is about a third of the way from the left in the Charles Foster print.)
The George Wood residence is on the south side of the street. The surrounding geology means that this view is looking approximately southwest.
This is, indeed, an interesting painting, but what does it have to do with the Staffordshire Chillicothe (with cows)?
Look at the background of the George Wood residence. The hills aren't covered with trees like they are in the Charles Foster print. Further, they're similar in style to the view on Chillicothe (with cows). This suggested to me, "Hey, this might actually be Chillicothe, Ohio."
With the assumption that the view on this piece of Staffordshire was Chillicothe, I tested what would happen if one made the rest of the evidence fit that hypothesis.
Chillicothe Courthouse, Etc., in 1801. A print (June, 1842) by Horace C. Grosvenor. Published in American Pioneer (June, 1842). Used courtesy of the Ohio Historical Society.
This is the first statehouse, as illustrated in 1842. At the time, the building was still standing - this represents a reasonably accurate depiction of the structure. The statehouse was in the middle of this city. What this illustration doesn't convey are the significant quantity of buildings that were built up around the structure by the 1830s.
Since the statehouse was only two stories tall, it wouldn't stand out much among the buildings.
Chillicothe with cows (detail). A Staffordshire platter (circa 1830). Used courtesy of Dennis and Dad Antiques.
With the assumption that this is Chillicothe, the statehouse is most likely represented by the cupola indicated by the green arrow. With that knowledge, how can we orient ourselves in this city?
The 1860 Topographical map of Ross County, Ohio includes the first detailed map of Chillicothe that I've been able to find. Note: if you're aware of an earlier one, please let me know. The lack of such a map seems odd, especially given that one of the great early maps of the state, Hough and Bourne's 1815 Map of the State of Ohio was published there.
The 1860 map doesn't help much. The landscape illustrated in the foreground, which I assumed was the floodplain of the Scioto River, had been significantly changed since the view used for the Staffordshire platter was made.
Map of a Section of Twelve Miles of the Scioto Valley with its Ancient Monuments. Constructed by E.G. Squier, 1847. A print (June, 1847) by Sarony and Major. Plate II in Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley (June, 1847) by Ephraim G. Squier and Edwin H. Davis. Used courtesy of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
In a desperate measure for any sort of early map of the city at all, I remembered this wonderful view from Squier and Davis' 1847 Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley. It illustrates all of the Native American earthworks present in the vicinity of Chillicothe, most of which are now lost.
Detail, Map of a Section of Twelve Miles of the Scioto Valley with its Ancient Monuments. Constructed by E.G. Squier, 1847. A print (June, 1847) by Sarony and Major. Plate II in Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley (June, 1847) by Ephraim G. Squier and Edwin H. Davis. Used courtesy of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
This detail illustrates the area being illustrated. In the lower left are the hills we see in the background. The green "X" marks the approximate location of the statehouse. The artist's viewpoint is marked by a red arrow.
The cows, then, it seems, are sitting inside a circular mound! What better visual icon could there be for that area, really, than the earthworks built by the Native Americans?
Not only does this information help to reasonably conclude that the view is, indeed, Chillicothe, Ohio, but it means that we now have an image of a Native American earthwork that before this point we knew only by a measured drawing!
Thursday, May 23, 2013
Farmhouse in the City
This house, at 1209 East 71st Street - just north of Superior - has been on my radar for a long time. In fact, it was the subject of one of my very first stories here.
Try to imagine the house as it was at the time it was built, 160 years ago. Remove the porch. The house would have sat on a rise, a couple of steps leading up to the front door. The windows on the front of the house, on the first floor, had a somewhat ornate trim, as did the front door. The windows, two over two, would have been flanked by shutters, perhaps in dark green, in contrast to the white of the house.
The color scheme might have been something along the lines of the Clemen N. Jagger residence, now at Hale Farm and Village. The first floor windows on the front might have had panels underneath, like this structure, or they might have been triple-hung - what I do know is that the original window trim extended downward to a line even with the bottom of the doorframe.
It was a simple structure, but with good proportions, on a relatively small (ten acre) lot.
On the exterior, the house has plenty to tell us. The foundation, now covered with a layer of paint, bears the tool marks of the people who quarried and cut it.
While most of the framing for the house was cut in a sawmill, the largest timbers were hewn by hand. One can be seen here, underneath a bit of trim.
A closer look at the front of the house illustrates the flush siding - an uncommon detail. One can also see, in the paint, the outline of the trim that originally flanked the windows - a helpful piece of information for the party that chooses to fix up this house.
This house plays a signficant role in illustrating the way this neighborhood changed and grew over time.
William Lewis was born on 3 April 1809, in Westport St. Mary, Malmesbury, Wiltshire, England. His wife, Mary Anne Ponting Lewis, was born 1814, also in England. In 1847, they immigrated to the United States with their four children: Thomas (born 1838); George (born 1840); Jane (born about 1842); and Edward (born about 1845). By 1850, they were farming in East Cleveland, Ohio. (Sources: Find a Grave records for William Lewis and Mary Anne Ponting Lewis, 1850 and 1860 US Census).
In September, 1852, they purchased, for $500, a ten acre parcel facing Becker Avenue - now East 71st Street. (Cuyahoga County Recorder, AFN: 185312190004 ) The parcel extended eastward to what is now East 79th Street. The original property is shown in blue on this map - the location of the house, in green.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 10 October 1897, page 4. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
The seller was one Edward Lewis, also from Wiltshire, England. He had risen to prominence within the iron and steel industry by the time this portrait was made, in 1897. His relationship, if any, with William Lewis is unclear.
At the price, it's plausible that the house had just been built - especially if Edward Lewis was a relative and was giving William a good deal. If not, the house was built soon after.
The 1860 US Census lists two more children: William (born about 1848) (henceforth William, Jr.) and Benjamin (born about 1851). It's unclear why William, Jr. wasn't numerated in the 1850 census.
William Lewis died July 30, 1854, at the age of 45. He was buried in Woodland Cemetery. I have not been able to locate any documentation as to the cause of death. (Find a Grave William Lewis.)
View of the Ohio State Fair Grounds, 1856. A hand-colored print (1856) by Klauprech & Menzel. Used courtesy of the Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps.
The family would have likely attended the 1856 Ohio State Fair, held just a mile and a quarter to the east.
By 1858, there were neighbors on either side, both occupying similarly sized (and shaped) lots. The family remained at this house, and by 1860, the value of the property was listed as $4,000.
Used courtesy of the National Archives, Ancestry.com, and Cleveland Public Library.
Thomas Lewis and George Lewis both registered for the draft in 1863. Their occupation is listed as "gardener". How this is different from "farmer", which appears far more frequently, is unclear.
Mary Lewis died 11 December 1863. She was buried alongside her husband at Woodland Cemetery. (Find a Grave: Mary Anne Ponting Lewis)
George Lewis and Jane Lewis transferred their shares in the property to Thomas Lewis, in 1863. (Cuyahoga County Recorder, AFN: 186302250002)
Thomas Lewis married Amelia Gibbs. They raised several children in the house: Celia Jane Lewis (born 23 October 1865); Frank J. Lewis (born 1866); William E. Lewis (born July, 1870); Thomas E. Lewis (born 9 July 1873); Charles A. Lewis (born January, 1878); and Sarah E. Lewis (born December, 1879). Arthur Lewis, born November 1875, died the following month, from whooping cough.
By 1874, the area was becoming more developed. The Lewis children would have attended a brick schoolhouse, built at the corner of what is now Carl Avenue and Addison Road, a walk of abuot a fifth of a mile.
The larger farm lots were beginning to be split up to build residences. Some were massive, grand structures, like this house, at 6512 Superior, which I've written about in detail. (See: The best frame Italianate house I've seen in Cleveland and Threatened: The best frame Italianate house on Cleveland's east side)
On the opposite side of the street, the Beckenback residence has a similarly interesting story. Like the house facing it, it retains significant interior detail.
The biggest change to the immediate surroundings came in the form of the Lakeview, Collamer, and Euclid Railway, which ended just a couple hundred feet up Becker Avenue (now East 71st Street).
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 23 June 1876, page 4. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 8 May 1880, page 4. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
Residence and Grounds of George Gilbert, Esquire, Euclid Station, Ohio. From the 1874 Lake Atlas of Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
Passengers might have used the railway to visit Camp Gilbert, at the mouth of Euclid Creek.
The following clipping, in addition to illustrating storm damage (front page news!) provides us with a vital bit of history - this house did, in fact, have shutters.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 16 December 1876, page 1. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 10 February 1877, page 4. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
This quantity - an unknown portion of the Lewis flock - strongly suggests that at least part of their income came from selling either eggs or chickens.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 13 April 1880, page 5. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
This purchase suggests that the railway was busy.
A beer garden was built at the railway terminal - next door to the Lewis house. As this 1885 article suggests, it caused some problems.
There's nothing useful that I can say about the following articles.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 13 July 1885, page 1. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 14 July 1885, page 1. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 14 July 1885, page 3. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
Published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 1 October 1885, page 3. Used courtesy of Cleveland Public Library.
In 1885, Celia Lewis married John Moser in a ceremony at the Lewis family home. John Moser moved in to the house, where they had two children: Grace M. Moser (born 1886) and John Lewis Moser (born 1887).
The Lewis / Moser family remained in the house through the end of the 19th century. The ten acre lot was gradually split into smaller and smaller peices, as this became a residential neighborhood. In 1900, Amelia Lewis sold the house to Eliza and William Lehmann. (Cuyahoga County Recorder, AFN: 190003230029)
In the next article, we'll see how this house (and the neighborhood) changed during the course of the 20th century.
East Cleveland Township,
Greek Revival,
save me
Friday, May 3, 2013
Granville, Ohio, in the 1830s - Two Views or Two Copies of the Same View?
[Granville Female College]. A drawing (1830s?). Used courtesy of Garth's Auctions.
When I first saw the thumbnail for this drawing in the current catalogue at Garth's Auctions, I knew the composition was familiar - namely, it was a subject illustrated in a lithograph by one M. French, made between 1835 and 1839, in the collections of the American Antiquarian Society. The date for the drawing was listed as "mid 19th century" - I hoped that the lithograph might provide some context - most likely the size of the trees - that would give a more specific date.
On further examination, I've come to see that they're a lot closer in composition - and likely date - than I had initially guessed.
Female academy, Granville Ohio. A lithograph (between 1835 and 1839) from a drawing by M. French. Printed by Bufford's Lith. Used courtesy of the American Antiquarian Society.
There are quite a few elements shared by both images. A woman in a white dress stands in the front door of the Academy, with two women in dark dresses immediately to the right. The chimney of the house to the left ends up centered in a second floor window in both cases - even though they have rather different perspectives. The trees both show approximately the same amount of growth. Many (though not all) of the same windows are open on the front of the structure. There's even a similarity in the toning of the sky.
The drawing features central chimneys, while the print has more of them, smaller in size. In the drawing, the gable has a single window, while in the print, there are two smaller ones. In the print, the house is closer to the street, while in the drawing, it appears to have been moved back. In the drawing, which has a more crude sense of perspective, we can see more detail in the house to the right. The print has a different fence from the drawing.
It seems likely that these two images share some sort of common source - but what that source is, I do not know.
They have enough in common that one might start to consider if the drawing was a copy after the print - but the lack of the same skill in perspective tends to refute this.
My guess - and it is a guess - is that these were the product of two students, working under the same teacher at Granville Female Academy at the same time. On a given day, they went out and made sketches together. They included some suggestions about perspective - and some idealized items (the people walking on the street) as suggested, perhaps by the teacher. It might be worth the time to see if an "M. French" was, indeed, a student there at that time.
This pair appears to provide a look at how two artists, one more skilled than the other, approached the same subject at the same time.
Licking County,
Ohio Art through 1865
Wednesday, April 3, 2013
The Strange Disappearing Houses of the Lomond Neighborhood, in Shaker Heights, Ohio
My colleague, Korbi Roberts, put together this video, The Strange Disappearing Houses of the Lomond Neighborhood, in Shaker Heights, Ohio. It illustrates that the issues concerning the demolition of homes in historic neighborhoods are not limited to the inner city.
Rather than reading my continued ramblings (I could go on and on, you know) please take a look at the video.
Shaker Heights,
Friday, February 15, 2013
Cincinnati's Kilgour house and Mount Adams - This Time in Winter!
Ohio River Landscape / The Steamboat Washington. An oil painting (circa 1820). Used courtesy of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Schwartz, Paterson, NJ. Reproduced from Folk Painters of America (1979) by Robert Bishop.
As part of my research, I've been reading Artists in Ohio, 1787-1900: A Biographyical Dictionary, (2000) edited by Mary Sayre Haverstock, Jeannette Mahoney Vance, and Brian L. Meggitt. This 1066 page tome includes perhaps 10,000 artists active in Ohio in or before 1900. I've been reading it, seeking out all of the artists active in or before 1865.
Two weeks ago, I identified the painting shown here as a Cincinnati scene. At center is the Kilgour house, built about 1820. To the right, the city's first water works. At the left, Deer Creek empties into the Ohio River.
The Forest Queen in Winter. A painting (1857) by Martin Andreas Reisner. Used courtesy of Richard and Jane Manoogian. Image used courtesy of The Athenaeum.
This morning, while reading Artists in Ohio, 1787-1900, I came across a citation for this 1857 painting, The Forest Queen in Winter by Martin Andreas Reisner. The authors noted that, in 1857, Reisner "visited Cincinnati (Hamilton), a portrino of whose riverfont features prominently in The Forest Queen in Winter (Manoogian Collection)."
To my surprise, I was able to locate a high quality image of the painting. It appears to be based, in part, on the same landscape! Mount Adams is present in the background. The Kilgour house is present, just to the right of center. The Little Miami Railroad runs along the river.
Detail, Cincinnati Panorama. A daguerreotype (1848) by Charles Fontayne and William S. Porter. Used courtesy of the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County.
When compared with this photograph, made nine years earlier, it's obvious that Martin Andreas Reisner took considerable liberties. The commercial buildings are all gone - either he envisioned the landscape without them, or, perhaps, he was working based on an earlier view of the area. On the other hand, he retains what appears to be a bit of commercial activity based around the (considerably smaller) Deer Creek. Yet if we are to see this as something based on an earlier work, why the inclusion of the railroad?
This view clearly involves a bit of imagination and artistic license. This doesn't diminish its value as a look at Cincinnati in the 1850s. Further, given the rarity of winter views, it seems perfect for a day like today.
What do you see in it?
Hamilton County,
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We list all interesting informations and arguments against the EU gunban and stricter national gun laws. Feel free to read our reports and answers and use the arguments when you write to or call your politician or talk to a journalist.
Ours answers to EU
- FIREARMS UNITED's Answer to High Capicity Magazines and Folding Stocks
- FIREARMS UNITED'S Answer to IMCO's Draft
- FIREARMS UNITED's Answer to the European Commission
- FIREARMS UNITED's Answer to JURI : Subsidiarity of EU Gunban
- FIREARMS UNITED's Reasons for Rejecting Proposal
- How to decrease firearms-related death?
- EU, we have a problem – but you hit the wrong targets! – avaiable in seven languages
- EU study on marking, deactivation and conversion of firearms
- The Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing
- Our Impact Assessment
Our reports
- Firearms Report I: The European Gun Debate
- Firearms Report II : Gun Ownership in Europe
- Firearms Report III: History of EC's Action Plan on Firearms
- Firearms Report IV: Report Homicide and Suicide
- Firearms Report V: Impact Assessment
- Legislative Procedure in EU explained – avaiable in four languages
Our answers to terrorism and crime
- Active Shooters : Threat and Defense for soft targets– with German and Spanish summary
- Long-Term Historical Trends in Violent Crime
Our Firearms Conferences
- Firearms Conference at the European Parliament in November 2016
- Malta Firearms Conference in January 2017
The Action Plan against gun ownership was scheduled for 2016 to 2018. We assumed that the terroristic attacks in Paris I (January 2015) and Paris II (November 2015) will be misused for more control on legal gun owners, but we did not expect that the European Commission would use outright lies.
During the last years we learned that Commission and also Ministers of Interiors are just doing this, e.g. Commissioner Bieńkowska's Scandalous Speech.
They are using lies, false arguments, exageration of facts for stricter rules for legal tax-paying gun owners – but doing nothing for the combat of illicit trafficking of firearms by criminals.


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The embattled company Equifax is having even more trouble with hackers. Now the company has had to take down one of its web pages after it was reported to be prompting people to download malicious software. NPR's Chris Arnold has more.
CHRIS ARNOLD, BYLINE: Equifax already admitted that because of sloppy security it allowed the largest theft of Social Security numbers in history. And now its website just got manipulated by hackers again. An independent cybersecurity analyst named Randy Abrams discovered the problem by accident.
RANDY ABRAMS: When I went to the Equifax page, I was looking for my credit report following a logical sequence of clicks. And it was like boom. Another window opens with what I know was malicious.
ARNOLD: A bogus alert popped up asking him to click the download an Adobe Flash software update. But he says it was actually malware that takes control of your web browser. Abrams says his first reaction was...
ABRAMS: You got to be kidding me. After what Equifax went through, to have this happen is just unbelievable. And I had to replicate it to convince myself it really happened. But I did.
ARNOLD: Abrams made a video of it happening and posted that on the Internet. He says the software appears to be designed to hijack your browser to show you unwanted ads. But he says this type of malware can also redirect you to sites to download more malicious code - for example, software that steals credit card numbers when you type them.
ABRAMS: It can point you to a drive-by download, which is going to install, a keystroke logger. Worst case would be ransomware for most people. So the security threat it presents to your computer for future downloads is horrible.
CHRIS HOOFNAGLE: Browser malware is a profound invasion of privacy.
ARNOLD: Chris Hoofnagle is a cyber security and privacy expert at UC Berkeley Law School.
HOOFNAGLE: It can lead to the computer user being spied on all the time or their camera turned on or their microphone turned on without their permission.
ARNOLD: Equifax claims the malicious code on its website came from another company that it hires to do analytics. So technically, that may be the company that got hacked. Still, the end result was that visitors to Equifax's website were prompted to download malware. Hoofnagle says that doesn't look very good for Equifax.
HOOFNAGLE: Shoes keep on dropping.
ARNOLD: And he says that could keep lawmakers focused on passing new regulations.
HOOFNAGLE: Equifax itself must be upset about this. But its competitors, too, must be very nervous because they could be rounded up in the same regulatory swoop.
ARNOLD: Equifax says it removed the malicious code, took the web page offline and is continuing to investigate what happened. Chris Arnold, NPR News.
(SOUNDBITE OF TESK'S "GREEN STAMPS") Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Lab grown diamonds from a chemical perspective exactly the same as natural diamonds. The primary distinction between lab grown diamonds and naturally occurring diamonds lies in their formation process. While natural diamonds originate deep within the Earth, lab grown diamonds are cultivated in a controlled laboratory environment. These lab grown diamonds possess identical visual and chemical characteristics, rendering them indistinguishable from natural diamonds. Because lab grown diamonds are chemically and optically identical to natural diamonds, they will bring the same longevity and durability. Our lab grown diamonds come certified where indicated.
All Avamore moissanite's come with a Limited Lifetime Warranty certificate of authenticity.
Moissanite is renowned for its exceptional durability and ranks second only to diamond on the Mohs Hardness Scale, boasting a remarkable score of 9.25. Its unparalleled toughness and resistance to scratching and abrasion ensure a lasting brilliance that endures the tests of time, making it an ideal choice for jewellery that is meant to be cherished for generations.
With its exceptional hardness, brilliance, and fire comparable to natural diamonds, moissanite represents an economically viable choice that allows you to acquire a stunning, durable gemstone without the high price tag often associated with traditional diamonds.
Natural Gemstones – we offer natural gemstones including Amethyst, Citrine, Garent, Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald, Morganite, Peridot, Topaz, Aquamarine and Tourmaline. Plus many more..
Alexandrite is the very rare color-change variety of the mineral chrysoberyl. Colours change from blue to teal green and purple. Originally discovered in Russia's Ural Mountains in the 1830s, it's now found in Sri Lanka, East Africa, and Brazil, but is exceptionally rare and valuable. Our Alexandrite's are lab grown, the material is completely the same as best varieties of the natural Alexandrite – Russian, Brazilian or Rhodesian. Natural Alexandrite is extremely rare and more expensive than even diamonds, especially bigger carats stones.
We cast in solid sterling silver, gold and platinum. All metals are hallmarked.
Any mentions of accents are a plating and will wear.
Sapphire Studios is proud to offer all our customers the option of setting up a payment plan – let us help you purchase your dream ring.
We offer flexible payment plans across our entire collections of fine jewellery over a 1 to 4 month term.
It couldn't be easier to set up, just select 'payment plan' at checkout as your preferred payment method, you will then be prompted to select your preferred monthly term and pay a deposit of at least 30% which is required before manufacturing begins.
Recurring payments are then deducted on the same day every month from when your order was placed, you can also view your scheduled instalments or pay the total remaining balance at any time.
Your order will be shipped the next business day after payments have been completed.
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Lynx to send 4 players to All-Star Game
Published 1:28 am Wednesday, July 24, 2013
NEW YORK — For the second straight All-Star game, the Minnesota Lynx will be well represented.
Lindsay Whalen and Rebekkah Brunson joined starters Maya Moore and Seimone Augustus on Tuesday to give the Lynx four players on the Western Conference All-Star team.
"Yeah, there's going to be a takeover of the league I think by the Minnesota Lynx," said Minnesota coach Cheryl Reeve, who will guide the West team. "Obviously, we're happy with what our players have done, and we're being well represented. We'll have four players, three coaches, a trainer, so it's going to feel a lot like a Minnesota Lynx road game for us."
The Lynx also had four players on the 2011 team. Connecticut had four starters in the 2006 game.
"Last time we went out there, I think it was the same four," Brunson said. "So we had a great time then and we're just going to try to have a good time this time."
Joining the Lynx players on the West team are reserves Kristi Toliver and Nneka Ogwumike from Los Angeles, Danielle Robinson from San Antonio and Tulsa's Glory Johnson — all of whom are appearing in their first All-Star game.
"I'm excited, I was surprised when they called me," Ogwumike said. "I try my best to work hard every day for my teammates and to also be there with my teammates is amazing. I'm looking forward to that, too. I think it is going to be a good experience. I have never experienced any type of All-Star game before."
Brittney Griner, Diana Taurasi and Candace Parker were announced as starters last week for the West.
In total, there are nine first-time All-Stars on the team.
"I'm thankful that I've been given this opportunity," said Johnson, who is averaging 16.4 points and 10.2 rebounds this season. "I've been blessed enough to stay healthy and prove that all of the hard work put in during the offseason paid off."
The Eastern Conference reserves include Chicago's Sylvia Fowles, Connecticut teammates Tina Charles and Allison Hightower, Washington's Ivory Latta and Crystal Langhorne, and Indiana's Shavonte Zellous.
"It means a lot to me," said Zellous. "This has been a goal of mine, just like winning a championship was. In my fifth year in the league, now I'm an All-Star. In my fourth year, I was a WNBA champion. That's a good accomplishment in my eyes. I just hope to have fun and enjoy the moment, seeing all the players and everything that involves the all-star experience."
Charles, the reigning MVP, has scored at least 20 points six times and has 10 double-doubles in 15 games this season.
Latta and Langhorne have helped Washington (8-9) to its best season in a while. Latta is averaging a career-best 14.4 points and 3.9 assists.
New York's Cappie Pondexter, Indiana's Tamika Catchings and Atlanta's Angel McCoughtry join Elena Delle Donne and Epiphanny Prince as starters for the East.
The game will be played Saturday in Connecticut at the Mohegan Sun.
Seattle is the only team in the league without an All-Star. The Storm are missing their two perennial All-Stars, as Sue Bird and Lauren Jackson are out for the season with injuries.


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"Is it worth it?"
This question comes up pretty frequently in the shop, and we understand why!
Are you saving or losing money keeping your tried and true vehicle as opposed to starting over with a new car? It's not difficult to decide when you break down exactly what factors are going into your decision.
With a little evaluation of your finances and a little math, you can make a sound decision.
How much are you (really) spending on maintenance?
Initially, you have to figure out how much you're spending on repairs from month to month. Even a couple-hundred-dollar repair bill every few months is significantly less than a new monthly car payment. Assuming that your insurance and fuel costs won't change much, your old car's maintenance probably costs less than purchasing a new car.
If you're still making payments on your current car, you'll also lose the money you've already put into both paying off the car and what you've put into any previous repairs. (This can be especially tricky when you purchase a used car, as it may come with some future repairs!)
Unless you feel as though you're "always bringing it to the shop" and your maintenance costs are exorbitant, you probably won't save money by trading your old car in for another.
How much are you spending on repairs?
Because maintenance is a cost that comes with every vehicle, the real issue is whether or not the repairs are worth it. This all-important decision comes down to a couple questions you should know the answers to before deciding.
Does the repair cost more than half the market worth of the car?
If not, you should go ahead with the repair. Even with a car that is worth $5000, a $1,500 dollar repair would be worth doing in terms of the longevity of your vehicle. (Websites like Edmunds True Market Value Calculator and Kelley Blue Book are useful in this calculation!)
In going ahead with repairs, you can benefit in 2 ways: Not only are you getting your problem fixed, you can also add to the eventual trade-in value of your car.
How much "life" can your car get from going ahead with the repair?
Now imagine your car is worth $2,200, and you're faced with the same $1,500 repair. Think of the cost in comparison to potential costs from purchasing a new car instead.
If this $1,500 repair would keep your car road-worthy for a few more years, then compare to how much it would cost for a down payment, new insurance, and the equivalent amount of time in monthly payments for a new vehicle.
The repair usually comes out on top, especially when you have an honest and knowledgeable mechanic you can trust to tell you whether or not it's going to be worth it. (Like the technicians and service staff we have here at Lowell's!)
Is the repair less than a few months' car payment on a new vehicle?
If the repair in question costs less than one month of payments, and your vehicle on the other hand is paid off, your decision is pretty well made.
If the cost is less than a few months of payments, and your car would be able to go for more than a few months without additional repairs or maintenance costs, then it makes sense to go ahead with the repairs, in this case, too.
Is it in your budget?
If it is hard to pay for a costly repair, how hard will it be to fit a car payment into your current monthly expenses?
In this post, we've tried to outline some of the key factors to consider when deciding to repair or replace your vehicle.
At Lowell's, we're biased - We usually think repairing your vehicle makes more sense than
replacing it.
But your situation is unique, and may include other considerations.
As always, feel free to talk your decision through with Lowell's. We'll give you our honest assessment of your vehicle while helping you make your decision.


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Air Filter (Cotton Cleanable) For Intake Kits: 75-5018 Replacement Filters For your S&B Cold Air Intake are available with cotton (Cleanable) or dry (Extendable) filter media.
Both offer similar performance characteristics, so the decision comes down to how you want to maintain your filter.
Cotton (Cleanable)8 layer cotton filter media with red oil. Can be Cleaned and re-oiled.Easy to maintain using our Precision II Cleaning Kit.
- Filter Type Oiled
- Filter Cotton Cleanable
- Filter Material Cotton Gause
- Filter Color Red
- Oil Color Red


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Recently I saw my girl Leina do this tag video and I thought it was a really great idea - 5 Products I can't Live Without. Many of the products I mentioned are holy grail items that have made it to my Favorites List. I've repurchased each item and plan on using them for years to come.
Check out the video!
Onto the favorites! Some of these items were sent to me from review and some I discovered on my own. Sometimes people get skeptical if you were sent an item. However, I love trying out new stuff because it gives me access to items I might not have picked up. Bottom line is that after I found these items, I repurchased them time and time again with my own money - that shows how much I love them.
Aquaphor - I've been using this as a lip moisturizer for years. My lips get super dry and can really hurt if I don't have this on hand. I've tried the generic versions as they don't even come close.
Eve Pearl Salmon Corrector - This is a serious must have in my kit. I use it on nearly every client to eliminate undereye darkness. I love that it comes in individual pots (for personal use) or in this palette for Pros.
Tarte Emphaseyes Brow Pencil - This is my holy grail brow pencil. You can't beat the color, consistency and application. Love love love it!
Preo Individual Eyelash Curler from Alcone- As an avid false lash wearer, I find that this individual lash curler has changed my life. It really eliminates sagging lashes and makes sure that your own lashes aren't pointing straight down (difficult with my straight, thin lashes). I use this on clients all the time too.
Revlon Lash Adhesive - Bottom line, I haven't found a better lash glue. The brush applicator makes glue application so much easier. The formula is clear yet not shiny, and the hold is super strong. It stays in my makeup bag...I just wish there was a way so that the glue didn't clump up around the cap because after a while it makes screwing and screwing it difficult. Nonetheless, I would definitely be sad if they discontinued this product.
Black Eyeliner - I know I'm over my 5 item limit, but I also can't live without black liner - in pencil and liquid form. I'm not set on any particular brand but it's a total must-have in my personal makeup bag.
What are some of the items you couldn't live without? Let me know in the comments below!
FTC Disclosure: Post not sponsored.


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Canada's Supreme Court |
The Canadian Medical Association (CMA) just concluded their annual meeting. Why did they not refuse outright to cooperate with high court to murder suicidal people? A doctor's job is to save lives not take lives -- or at least do no harm![1] The Supreme Court put the dirty work of their odious assisted suicide decision in the laps of physicians.
Canada's Parliament |
The federal government does have a tool at their disposal to override the Supreme Court's horrible ruling. They could invoke the "notwithstanding" clause (Section 33) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. With a federal election looming will any party elected use it? No.
Increasingly, Americans are at risk of being ruled by an activist
U.S. Supreme Court |
In his first inaugural address, Abraham Lincoln said this:
". . . the candid citizen must confess that if the policy of the government upon vital questions affecting the whole people is to be irrevocably fixed by decisions of the Supreme Court, the instant they are made in ordinary litigation between parties in personal actions the people will have ceased to be their own rulers, having to that extent practically resigned their government into the hands of eminent tribunal."
The insight of the great man is coming to pass, at least in Canada. The people have ceased to be their own rulers in these vital moral questions of life and death. In such matters we are ruled by Supreme Court tyrants whose benevolence is limited indeed.
[1] Post-Hippocratic physicians may not agree. Perhaps they would pass off such views woefully old fashioned for the Brave New 21st Century world of utilitarian medicine, bioethics and managed
[2] See Katrina Trinko, "States that voted against Gay Marriage Now Have It Forced Upon Them", The Daily Signal at http://dailysignal.com/2014/10/06/states-voted-gay-marriage-now-forced-upon/


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Welcome to DanonDisease.org
Danon Disease is a rare genetic condition causing muscle weakness (muscular dystrophy), heart disease (cardiomyopathy), and mental retardation (or learning problems).Danon Disease was first described in 1981, and affects males more severely than females. Boys will often develop symptoms in childhood or adolescence, while in females the symptoms may not be apparent until adolescence or adulthood. Although males have an earlier and more rapidly progressive disease, serious medical problems can occur in females. The disease is NOT well-understood and physicians are largely unfamiliar with Danon Disease. In fact, most physicians probably had not even heard of Danon Disease. We (the medical commmunity) do not yet know how many people and families are affected with Danon Disease.
ABOUT THIS SITE: This website was started by a physician-researcher (Matthew Taylor MD, PhD) in 2006. Dr. Taylor has developed a clinical and research interest in this rare genetic condition.******************************************************************Our goals are to help Danon Disease patients and families by:Providing basic information about Danon DiseaseExplaining how Danon Disease is inherited and how it can be passed-on to other family members. Identifying other families with Danon Disease, with the goal of starting a 'Disease Registry'.Finding patients and families who wish to participate in research to understand (and ultimately to treat) Danon Disease.
If you or someone in your family has Danon Disease, please consider contacting us to share your story so we can learn more about how Danon Disease is affecting patients and families. If you would like to participate in our Danon Disease research project, please email Dr. Taylor. 2019 Danon Disease Research Activities-A Gene Therapy Trial for Danon Patients (starting in 2019) (LINK)


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Tuesday, May 24, 2011
Bloom Tutorial done with Websters Pages Netting & Whimsies!
30 comments:
- Unknown said...
These are so beautiful, you have really inspired me to make some. Thank you for the tutorial.
- May 24, 2011 at 3:42 PM
- joydee1963 said...
These so beautiful,will have to give it a try!! joydee1963 at yahoo dot com
- May 24, 2011 at 4:02 PM
- Hilde said...
I love all your art work!!!
Your work are masterpieces!!!!
Hilde - May 24, 2011 at 4:31 PM
- Unknown said...
Gabi, thank you for the flower tut and for the DA chippie tut....amazing work and so easy to follow!
Your layout is as always gorgeous and full of inspiration! Hugs ~Gerry~ - May 24, 2011 at 4:58 PM
- Cara K Yarbrough said...
Gabi your work is always amazing - love it when I get a notice you have added a LO or tutorial. Beautiful work here and thank you for sharing your flowers making ideas. Hugs ~ Cara
- May 24, 2011 at 5:36 PM
- Tamikko said...
beautiful and so delicate!
Lovely page :) - May 24, 2011 at 6:06 PM
- Patty O'Malley said...
Love,love these flowers!! I have to try it myself, although they probably won't look as beautiful as your's! Love what you did to the chipboard pieces, too. Thanks for the tutorials. You'll have to post some pics of the new puppy!
- May 24, 2011 at 6:34 PM
- joetterer said...
Love the netted flower idea, I'll have to try that.
www.createandshow.blogspot.com - May 24, 2011 at 7:54 PM
- Wendy Bellino said...
I don't sew...but I think I could make this! Great tutorial.
- May 24, 2011 at 9:40 PM
WOW these are gorgeous :)
- May 24, 2011 at 10:04 PM
- phamil said...
Gabi, that flower tut. is fabulous, those are beautiful!!! And the crackle affect on the DA with the stamp is beautiful too! You are so creative, and I love all of your details. The page you used the blooms on is gorgeous too!!! Thanks for sharing with us!!!
- May 24, 2011 at 10:17 PM
Wow Gabrielle, these flowers are beautiful and so delicate! The frame is amazing too, I love your tutorials! Absolutely stunning page!!
Cindy :) - May 24, 2011 at 10:23 PM
- Paulien van den Bosch said...
WOW..... what a gorgeous page!!!!! and those flowers are sooooo beautiful. Thank you for your step by step tutorial, makes things very clear. I also love that gorgeous frame. You come up with the best idea's hon.
- May 25, 2011 at 12:29 AM
- Taava said...
I need to try this also. Thanks for tutorial.
- May 25, 2011 at 1:33 AM
- EFI said...
Your layout is awesome!!! I loove all the details and embellishments! Thank you so much for your tutorial!
- May 25, 2011 at 2:38 AM
- Jane said...
Thankyou for sharing they are beautiful....
- May 25, 2011 at 5:34 AM
- Chris said...
Fab tutorial, carnt wait to have a go myself :)
- May 25, 2011 at 6:03 AM
- Lizzyc said...
oh how marvellous! just love all your tutes.. the flowers look so pretty and i guess you could put nearly anything in the center.. and here in australia i am sitting rugged up as we are heading into winter.. so enjoy your balmy days!!
- May 25, 2011 at 6:11 AM
- Lynn Biermann said...
Ohh Gabi I love this lo & your beautiful netting flowers! After seeing this, I quickly jotted down the Websters netting on my ever growing "wish list'! I also love the technique on your framing! Just beautiful work! thanks for sharing! Take care! :)
- May 25, 2011 at 8:31 AM
- Sandie said...
Gabi I just LOVE this tutorial, and i will definitely be trying these flowers out soon xxx
- May 25, 2011 at 12:38 PM
- Angel said...
Oh Wow Gabi I love this... You are so talented..Thanks for sharing I so will have to try this..
- May 25, 2011 at 1:45 PM
- Marimer said...
Gracias por este tutorialñ, me encantaaaaaa.
Besitos. - May 25, 2011 at 2:56 PM
- Unknown said...
WOWZA Gabi love everything about this Stunning page beautifully designed Hon!!
...Zucht...You are so talented And thank you so for this very wonderful tutorial..and definitely i go to try this!!!
hugs carla - May 25, 2011 at 4:00 PM
- Sandi Clarkson said...
Fabulous page and I love your new bloom. Will have to give it a try!
- May 25, 2011 at 8:19 PM
- Vicky Varvadouka said...
WOW!!!! I must definitely try all of these!!! Thank you so much for sharing!!!
- May 26, 2011 at 6:35 AM
- Drea Slee said...
Wow! These are SO gorgeous!!!Thanks for sharing!
- May 26, 2011 at 11:30 PM
- Maggie Lamarre said...
awesome tut, luv luv it.
http://passionatelyartistic.com - June 20, 2011 at 3:56 AM
- Crafty Loops said...
Oh my goodness, such a fantastic tutorial and you are very kind to share it. I love making flowers, between it and bookbinding its all I seem to be doing these days!! Thank you. Lee xx
- July 12, 2011 at 4:57 AM
- Suzie McFloozy said...
Thanks for the fantastic tutorials and wow what a beautiful layout - stunning x
((hugs)) Suzie xoxo - September 3, 2011 at 2:46 AM
- XxJULESxX said...
wow how gorgeous!! your blog is amazing to!
- February 10, 2012 at 5:14 PM


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Dr. Shiba and her staff want to ensure you that your health is our highest priority. Our commitment to your safety is the foundation of our care. Check out our recent COVID-19 Protocols. |
Strategies to Manage Dental Health in the Elderly
Our Office |
Phone(669) 306-7669 HoursMon: 9AM–6PM Tue: by appointment Wed: 9AM–6PM Thur: 9AM–3PM Friday: 8AM–5PM Sat & Sun: Closed |


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Financial Aid & Scholarships
You have financial options with your college planning, and we're here to help you find the best options for your situation.
Ideally, paying for your education is a long-term process of building and using a collection of savings, institutional aid, free money, and—if necessary—loans. However, there are many avenues for financing your education. Find out how financial aid and scholarships can help the financial pressure.


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Linux can have a somewhat split personality. If you use it as a desktop OS, it has a lot of GUI tools, although sometimes you still need to access the command line. If you use it as a headless server, though, you probably ought to know your way around the command line pretty well. This is especially true if you don't want to litter up your hard drive (and CPU) with X servers and other peculiarities of the graphical user interface.
Personally, I like the command line, but I am realistic enough to know that not everyone shares that feeling. I'll also admit that for some tasks — especially those you don't do very often — it is nice to have some helpful buttons and menus. There are several administration tools that you might be interested in using to handle administration tasks on your Linux machines. I'm going to look at two of them you might want to experiment with that both use a Web browser to provide their interface.
Why two? Well, first, it is certainly in the Linux tradition that there is more than one way to do any particular thing. On top of that — again, sort of a Linux tradition — each tool has its plusses and minuses. The Webmin tool has a huge number of plugins to manage lots and lots of different things. However, Cockpit is more modern and, assuming it supports what you need, probably more usable.
Oh, and just to get it out of the way. Yes, there are some people who think tools like this are an abomination. I think it depends on your goals. If you are administering a highly-secure server for a giant corporation, maybe these tools shouldn't be your first stop. As I mentioned, I don't mind the command line, but I do use Webmin only because it provides Usermin which lets me provide a GUI to my friends who have accounts on my machine so they can do basic administration tasks related to their accounts. I've found Cockpit's system monitoring to be nice even though I don't do much in the way of changes using the system.
Even if you like using tools like this you really should get comfortable with the command line, at least for common tasks. One interesting tidbit though. Both tools allow you to launch a command line in your browser, at least to some extent.
Webmin is probably not going to win any user interface awards. It is really a series of Perl modules that have a common user interface and share some infrastructure. The good news is that Webmin has an open interface and has been around long enough that if you want to manage some obscure piece of software, it is a fair bet that there is a Webmin module for that. You can also disable any modules you don't want.
As I mentioned, you can also set up Usermin which allows ordinary users to do things via GUI. You can control what they can and can't do, of course.
Despite being a little clunky, you can issue commands and even use an odd Web browser-based terminal. There are a few things that require Java, and that's getting harder to find in modern Web browsers. However, most of these have alternatives (for example, there is an HTML file manager and a Java-based one).
Depending on the distribution you use, you can probably just install Webmin using your package manager. There are also plenty of tutorials for installing Webmin on the Raspberry Pi. You can always find the official release on the project's web site.
Cockpit is from RedHat and is certainly the more modern looking tool. It has graphs and is very responsive. However, there's just not the range of plugins available for it that you can get for Webmin. However, if you are using Docker, Cockpit has great integration for managing containers.
As you can see below, you can connect to one machine and then have it connect to other machines and monitor them all at one time. The figure shows two boxes, but you can add many more.
Once you drill into a specific box, you have lots of management and monitoring options including access to a shell in the browser.
There are ARM backports of Cockpit available, so depending on the distribution you run your Pi on, you should be able to get it running easily.
To get the most out of Cockpit, you need to log in as root. However, many systems now don't have a root password at all. When you log in, you can ask Cockpit to use your password to elevate privileges when necessary. If you don't check the box, then doing some operations (notably adding a new server) will fail.
This sort of negates the idea of using sudo, to some degree. The whole idea is to force you to reauthenticate from time to time. If you let Cockpit provide your password to sudo, you aren't really giving yourself that protection. I get the idea that if you don't check the box, Cockpit should prompt you for a password just like sudo would. However, when adding a new server — at least — it doesn't. It just fails.
The solution is to check the box when you log in to let it reuse your password. Just be aware that essentially makes using sudo for privileged access meaningless.
Speaking of security. Both tools contain their own SSL servers with a self-signed certificate. Presumably, you know you are connecting to your machine so the self-signed part shouldn't bother you — you only need the encryption. However, it does mean the browser will give you a scary warning about the certificate not being trusted.
You can, of course, change out the certificate. Let's Encrypt is a good source for a "real" certificate at no cost.
However, opening up these interfaces to the outside world is pretty scary. After all, if someone does get it, they could do just about anything. You should consider changing the port numbers, using two-factor authentication (both tools support Google Authenticator), and, if possible, keep the tools listening only on your network and use VPN or an SSH tunnel to access it.
In Closing
Personally? I keep waiting for the whole WIMP (Windows/Icons/Mouse/Pointer) fad to die out leaving us to work on the command line as nature intended. However, that doesn't seem like its going to happen until after the apocalypse. In all seriousness, for some obscure tasks, having some menu items and dialogs can be a great help. If you don't do much administration, these tools can be great training wheels. And like I said earlier, Usermin is especially useful if you have users that are not Linux-savvy.
Besides, like it or not, Linux is about choice. I like KDE, but I'm glad people who want to use Cinnamon or other desktop environments have that option. For that matter, when I am running on a small machine, sometimes I'm glad to have other options, too.


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The Consequences of Making History an Idol
Series Studies in Isaiah
#2156- KJV- Isaiah 18:1-7
1 Woe to the land shadowing with wings, which is beyond the rivers of Ethiopia:
2 That sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of bulrushes upon the waters, saying, Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation scattered and peeled, to a people terrible from their beginning hitherto; a nation meted out and trodden down, whose land the rivers have spoiled!
3 All ye inhabitants of the world, and dwellers on the earth, see ye, when he lifteth up an ensign on the mountains; and when he bloweth a trumpet, hear ye.
4 For so the Lord said unto me, I will take my rest, and I will consider in my dwelling place like a clear heat upon herbs, and like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest.
5 For afore the harvest, when the bud is perfect, and the sour grape is ripening in the flower, he shall both cut off the sprigs with pruning hooks, and take away and cut down the branches.
6 They shall be left together unto the fowls of the mountains, and to the beasts of the earth: and the fowls shall summer upon them, and all the beasts of the earth shall winter upon them.
7 In that time shall the present be brought unto the Lord of hosts of a people scattered and peeled, and from a people terrible from their beginning hitherto; a nation meted out and trodden under foot, whose land the rivers have spoiled, to the place of the name of the Lord of hosts, the mount Zion.
II Chronicles 22:20-23
Hosea 8:4
Sermon ID | 53241528267950 |
Duration | 29:00 |
Date | May 5, 2024 |
Category | Radio Broadcast |
Bible Text | Isaiah 18 |


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Glass teapots are an increasingly popular way to enjoy quality tea in the UK. But not all heat resistant, borosilicate glass teapots are created equal. In fact many glass teapots we now see on the market are produced cheaply and industrially using low quality borosilicate or soda lime glass.
Our signature glassware is different and here's why:
1. We have been making our own glassware since 2007
Luxury glass teaware is our speciality. We don't buy our glassware through agents or wholesalers like many tea or teapot companies. We design and manufacture it all ourselves in China using traditional, handmade methods. That means we get to choose the exact grade of glass we use and exert full control over the production and quality control process. Each piece is inspected multiple times during the production process for any defects or weaknesses. All our glassware has our quality seal logo inscribed on the base so you'll know it's an authentic Exotic Teapot and not a cheap copy. We can also offer an extensive range of teaware in unique styles and different sizes.
2. All our glassware is mouth-blown using the highest quality, borosilicate glass.
Our master glass blowers are some of the most experienced & highly skilled craftsmen you'll find anywhere in the world. They use only the purest borosilicate glass to create our signature teaware. This laboratory strength glass has key benefits of superior clarity, brightness, thickness, heat resistance and longevity. Lower quality borosilicate glass feels more flimsy, looks more opaque and is liable to crack or shatter at lower temperatures. Mass produced, industrial soda lime glass is also less heat resistant and can be easily recognised by the green/bluish tint on the edges or rims of the teaware. Our clear and coloured glass teapots are trusted by some of the worlds finest hotels & restaurants and designed to meet the highest expectations.
All our borosilicate glassware is dishwasher and microwave safe.
3. We guarantee you'll be satisfied by the quality of our glassware and customer service
With glass, there's always a risk that something gets broken in transit. We do our best to avoid this happening. All our items are carefully packaged and delivered in most cases by our speedy couriers. In the rare event of a breakage, we'll immediately send out a replacement. You can be confident you've made the best choice of brand as we stand by the quality of our products and offer a full, no quibble guarantee.
Shop our range
Ultra clear heat resistant glass, handcrafted by master glass makers into timeless designs.