text:
John Bunyan's dream, written
from a prison cell, has become the most famous allegory in English literature.
Written almost three hundred fifty years ago, this book has been read in prim parlors,
in sophisticated drawing rooms, in royal households, in religion classes, in schoolrooms,
in family worship- and still it is read by all those who, too, would be a pilgrim.
Timeline History of "The Pilgrim's Progress"*
*Note: At the website "Acacia John Bunyan", see
Timeline Chronicling the Life of John Bunyan ---New Window for more
about the events of John Bunyan's life.
PART II. Pilgrimage of Christiana and her children
THE DESIRED COUNTRY. I have used similtudes.-Hos. 12:10.
Pilgrimage of Christiana and her children -
To My Courteous Companions - The News of Christian, Christiana and Their Children
- How Christiana Decided to Become a Pilgrim - A Visit From Mrs. Timorous and Mercy
- Uncertainties - Slough
of Despond - knocking at the gate - the Dog - talk between the Pilgrims
o, now, my
little Book, to every place Where my first Pilgrim has but shown his face: Call at their door: if any say, Who's there? Then answer thou, Christiana is here. If they bid thee come in, then enter thou, With all thy boys; and then, as thou know'st how, Tell who they are, also from whence they came; Perhaps they'll know them by their looks, or name: But if they should not, ask them yet again, If formerly they did not entertain One Christian, a Pilgrim? If they say They did, and were delighted in his way; Then let them know that these related were Unto him; yea, his wife and children are. Tell them, that they have left their house and home; Are turned Pilgrims; seek a world to come; That they have met with hardships in the way; That they do meet with troubles night and day; That they have trod on serpents; fought with devils; Have also overcome a many evils; Yea, tell them also of the next who have, Of love to pilgrimage, been stout and brave Defenders of that way; and how they still Refuse this world to do their Father's will. Go tell them also of those dainty things That pilgrimage unto the Pilgrim brings. Let them acquainted be, too, how they are Beloved of their King, under his care; What goodly mansions he for them provides; Though they meet with rough winds and swelling tides, How brave a calm they will enjoy at last, Who to their Lord, and by his ways hold fast. Perhaps with heart and hand they will embrace Thee, as they did my firstling; and will grace Thee and thy fellows with such cheer and fare, As show well, they of Pilgrims lovers are. OBJECTION I. But how if they will not believe of me That I am truly thine? 'cause some there be That counterfeit the Pilgrim and his name, Seek, by disguise, to seem the very same; And by that means have wrought themselves into The hands and houses of I know not who. ANSWER. 'Tis true, some have, of late, to counterfeit My Pilgrim, to their own my title set; Yea, others half my name, and title too, Have stitched to their books, to make them do. But yet they, by their features, do declare Themselves not mine to be, whose'er they are. If such thou meet'st with, then thine only way Before them all, is, to say out thy say In thine own native language, which no man Now useth, nor with ease dissemble can. If, after all, they still of you shall doubt, Thinking that you, like gypsies, go about, In naughty wise the country to defile; Or that you seek good people to beguile With things unwarrantable; send for me, And I will testify you pilgrims be; Yea, I will testify that only you My Pilgrims are, and that alone will do. OBJECTION II. But yet, perhaps, I may enquire for him Of those who wish him damned life and limb. What shall I do, when I at such a door For Pilgrims ask, and they shall rage the more? ANSWER. Fright not thyself, my Book, for such bugbears Are nothing else but groundless fears. My Pilgrim's book has traveled sea and land, Yet could I never come to understand That it was slighted or turned out of door By any Kingdom, were they rich or poor. In France and Flanders, where men kill each other, My Pilgrim is esteemed a friend, a brother. In Holland, too, 'tis said, as I am told, My Pilgrim is with some, worth more than gold. Highlanders and wild Irish can agree My Pilgrim should familiar with them be. 'Tis in New England under such advance, Receives there so much loving countenance, As to be trimm'd, newcloth'd, and deck'd with gems, That it might show its features, and its limbs. Yet more: so comely doth my Pilgrim walk, That of him thousands daily sing and talk. If you draw nearer home, it will appear My Pilgrim knows no ground of shame or fear: City and country will him entertain, With Welcome, Pilgrim; yea, they can't refrain From smiling, if my Pilgrim be but by, Or shows his head in any company. Brave gallants do my Pilgrim hug and love, Esteem it much, yea, value it above Things of greater bulk; yea, with delight Say, my lark's leg is better than a kite. Young ladies, and young gentlewomen too, Do not small kindness to my Pilgrim show; Their cabinets, their bosoms, and their hearts, My Pilgrim has; 'cause he to them imparts His pretty riddles in such wholsome strains, As yield them profit double to thetr pains Of reading; yea, I think I may be bold To say some prize him far above their gold. The very children that do walk the street, If they do but my holy Pilgrim meet, Salute him will; will wish him well, and say, He is the only stripling of the day. They that have never seen him, yet admire What they have heard of him, and much desire To have his company, and hear him tell Those Pilgrim stories which he knows so well. Yea, some that did not love him at first, But call'd him fool and noddy, say they must, Now they have seen and heard him, him commend And to those whom they love they do him send. Wherefore, my Second Part, thou need'st not be Afraid to show thy head: none can hurt thee, That wish but well to him that went before; 'Cause thou com'st after with a second store Of things as good, as rich, as profitable, For young, for old, for stagg'ring, and for stable. OBJECTION III. But some there be that say, He laughs too loud And some do say, His Head is in a cloud. Some say, His words and stories are so dark, They know not how, by them, to find his mark. continued at the top of the next column... |
continued... ANSWER. One may, I think, say, Both his laughs and cries May well be guess'd at by his wat'ry eyes. Some things are of that nature, as to make One's fancy chuckle, while his heart doth ache: When Jacob saw his Rachel with the sheep, He did at the same time both kiss and weep. Whereas some say, A cloud is in his head; That doth but show his wisdom's covered With its own mantles-and to stir the mind To search well after what it fain would find, Things that seem to be hid in words obscure Do but the godly mind the more allure To study what those sayings should contain, That speak to us in such a cloudy strain. I also know a dark similitude Will on the curious fancy more intrude, And will stick faster in the heart and head, Than things from similes not borrowed. Wherefore, my Book, let no discouragement Hinder thy travels. Behold, thou art sent To friends, not foes; to friends that will give place To thee, thy pilgrims, and thy words embrace. Besides, what my first Pilgrim left conceal'd, Thou, my brave second Pilgrim, hast reveal'd; What Christian left lock'd up, and went his way, Sweet Christiana opens with her key. OBJECTION IV. But some love not the method of your first: Romance they count it; throw't away as dust. If I should meet with such, what should I say? Must I slight them as they slight me, or nay? ANSWER. My Christiana, if with such thou meet, By all means, in all loving wise them greet; Render them not reviling for revile, But, if they frown, I prithee on them smile: Perhaps 'tis nature, or some ill report, Has made them thus despise, or thus retort. Some love no fish, some love no cheese, and some Love not their friends, nor their own house or home; Some start at pig, slight chicken, love not fowl More than they love a cuckoo or an owl. Leave such, my Christiana, to their choice, And seek those who to find thee will rejoice; By no means strive, but, in most humble wise, Present thee to them in thy Pilgrim's guise. Go then, my little Book, and show to all That entertain and bid thee welcome shall, What thou shalt keep close shut up from the rest; And wish what thou shalt show them may be bless'd To them for good, and make them choose to be Pilgrims, by better far than thee or me. Go, then, I say, tell all men who thou art: Say, I am Christiana; and my part Is now, with my four sons, to tell you what It is for men to take a Pilgrim's lot. Go, also, tell them who and what they be That now do go on pilgrimage with thee; Say, Here's my neighbor Mercy: she is one That has long time with me a pilgrim gone: Come, see her in her virgin face, and learn 'Twixt idle ones and pilgrims to discern. Yea, let young damsels learn of her to prize The world which is to come, in any wise. When little tripping maidens follow God, And leave old doting sinners to his rod, 'Tis like those days wherein the young ones cried Hosanna! when the old ones did deride. Next tell them of old Honest, whom you found With his white hairs treading the Pilgrim's ground; Yea, tell them how plain-hearted this man was; How after his good Lord he bare the cross. Perhaps with some gray head, this may prevail With Christ to fall in love, and sin bewail. Tell them also, how Master Fearing went On pilgrimage, and how the time he spent In solitariness, with fears and cries; And how, at last, he won the joyful prize. He was a good man, though much down in spirit; He is a good man, and doth life inherit. Tell them of Master Feeble-mind also, Who not before, but still behind would go. Show them also, how he had like been slain, And how one Great-Heart did his life regain. This man was true of heart; though weak in grace, One might true godliness read in his face. Then tell them of Master Ready-to-Halt, A man with crutches, but much without fault. Tell them how Master Feeble-mind and he Did love, and in opinion much agree. And let all know, though weakness was their chance, Yet sometimes one could sing, the other dance. Forget not Master Valiant-for-the-Truth, That man of courage, though a very youth: Tell every one his spirit was so stout, No man could ever make him face about; And how Great-Heart and he could not forbear, But pull down Doubting-Castle, slay Despair! Overlook not Master Despondency, Nor Much-afraid, his daughter, though they lie Under such mantles, as may make them look (With some) as if their God had them forsook. They softly went, but sure; and, at the end, Found that the Lord of Pilgrims was their friend. When thou hast told the world of all these things, Then turn about, my Book, and touch these strings; Which, if but touched, will such music make, They'll make a cripple dance, a giant quake. Those riddles that lie couched within thy breast, Freely propound, expound; and for the rest Of thy mysterious lines, let them remain For those whose nimble fancies shall them gain. Now may this little Book a blessing be To those who love this little Book and me; And may its buyer have no cause to say, His money is but lost or thrown away. Yea, may this second Pilgrim yield that fruit As may with each good Pilgrim's fancy suit; And may it some persuade, that go astray, To turn their feet and heart to the right way, Is the hearty prayer of The Author, JOHN BUNYAN. |
Pilgrimage of Christiana and her children
To My Courteous Companions
OME time since, to tell you
my dream that I had of CHRISTIAN the pilgrim, and of his dangerous journey towards
the Celestial Country, was pleasant to me, and profitable to you. I told you then
also what I saw concerning his wife and children, and how unwilling they were to
go with him on pilgrimage: insomuch that he was forced to go on his progress without
them; for he durst not run the danger of that destruction which he feared would come
by staying with them in the city of Destruction: wherefore, as I then showed you,
he left them and departed.
Now it hath so happened, through the multiplicity of business, that I have been much
hindered and kept back from my wonted travels into those parts whence he went, and
so could not till now obtain an opportunity to make further inquiry after whom he
left behind, that I might give you an account of them. But having had some concerns
that way of late, I went down again thitherward. Now, having taken up my lodgings
in a wood about a mile off the place, as I slept I dreamed again.
The News of Christian, Christiana and Their
nd as I was in my dream, behold,
an aged gentleman came by where I lay; and because he was to go some part of the
way that I was travelling, methought I got up and went with him. So as we walked,
and as travellers usually do, we fell into discourse; and our talk happened to be
about CHRISTIAN and his travels, for thus I began with the old man:
"Sir," said I, "what town is that there below, that lies on the left
hand of our way?"
Sagacity. Then said Mr. SAGACITY--for that was his name:
"It is the city of Destruction; a populous place, but possessed with a very
ill conditioned and idle sort of people."
"I thought that was that city," quoth I; "I went once myself through
that town, and therefore know that this report you give of it is true."
Sag. Too true;
I wish I could speak truth in speaking better of them that dwell therein.
"Well, sir," quoth I, "then I perceive you to be a well-meaning man,
and so one that takes pleasure to hear and tell of that which is good: pray did you
never hear what happened to a man some time ago in this town (whose name was CHRISTIAN),
that went on pilgrimage up towards the higher regions?"
Sag. Hear of him!
aye, and I also heard of the molestations, troubles, wars, captivities, cries, groans,
frights, and fears, that he met with and had in his journey. Besides, I must tell
you, all our country rings of him; there are but few houses that have heard of him
and his doings, that have sought after and got the records of his pilgrimage. Yea,
I think I may say, that his hazardous journey has got a many well-wishers to his
ways; for though when he was here he was fool in every man's mouth, yet now he is
gone he is highly commended of all: for 't is said he lives bravely where he is;
yea, many of them that are resolved never to run his hazards, yet have their mouths
water at his gains.
"They may," quoth I, "well think, if they think anything that is true,
that he lives well where he is; for he now lives at and in the fountain of life,
and has what he has without labour and sorrow, for there is no grief mixed therewith."
Sag. Talk! the
people talk strangely about him. Some say that he now walks in white; that he has
a chain of gold about his neck; and that he has a crown of gold beset with pearls
upon his head:
others say that the Shining Ones that sometimes showed themselves to him in his journey
are become his companions; and that he is as familiar with them in the place where
he is, as here one neighbour is with another.
Besides, 't is confidently affirmed concerning him, that the King of the place where
he is has bestowed upon him already a very rich and pleasant dwelling at court; and
that he every day eats and drinks, and walks and talk with him, and receives of the
smiles and favours of him that is Judge of all there.
Moreover, it is expected of some, that his Prince, the Lord of that country, will
shortly come into these parts, and will know the reason, if they can give any, why
his neighbours set so little by him, and had him so much in derision, when they perceived
that he would be a pilgrim.
For they say, that now he is so in the affections of his Prince, and that his Sovereign
is so much concerned with the indignities that were cast upon CHRISTIAN when he became
a pilgrim, that he will look upon all as if done unto himself; and no marvel, for
't was for the love that he had to his Prince that he ventured as he did.
"I dare say," quoth I. "I am glad of it; I am glad for the poor man's
sake. For that now he has rest from his labour;
and for that he now reaps the benefit of his tears with joy;
and for that he has got beyond the gunshot of his enemies, and is out of the reach
of them that hate him. I also am glad for that a rumour of these things is noised
abroad in this country. Who can tell but that it may work some good effect on some
that are left behind! But pray, sir, while it is fresh in my mind, do you hear anything
of his wife and children? Poor hearts! I wonder in my mind what they do."
Sag. Who? CHRISTIANA
and her sons! They are like to do as well as did CHRISTIAN himself; for though they
all played the fool at the first, and would by no means be persuaded by either the
tears or entreaties of CHRISTIAN, yet second thoughts have wrought wonderfully with
them; so they have packed up, and are also gone after him.
"Better and better," quoth I. "But what! Wife and children and all?"
Sag. 'Tis true.
I can give you an account of the matter; for I was upon the spot at the instant,
and was thoroughly acquainted with the whole affair.
"Then," said I, "a man, it seems, may report it for a truth?"
Sag. You need
not fear to affirm it. I mean, that they are all gone on pilgrimage, both the good
woman and her four boys; and being we are, as I perceive, going some considerable
way together, I will give you an account of the whole of the matter.
How Christiana Decided to Become a Pilgrim
his CHRISTIANA (for that was her
name from the day that she, with her children, betook themselves to a pilgrim's life),
after her husband was gone over the river, and she could hear of him no more, her
thoughts began to work in her mind: first, for that she had lost her husband, and
for that the loving bond of that relation was utterly broken betwixt them; for you
know," said he to me, "nature can do no less but entertain the living with
many a heavy cogitation in the remembrance of the loss of loving relations. This,
therefore, of her husband did cost her many a tear. But this was not all; for CHRISTIANA
did also begin to consider with herself, whether her unbecoming behaviour towards
her husband was not one cause that she saw him no more, and that in such sort he
was taken away from her. And upon this came into her mind by swarms all her unkind,
unnatural, and ungodly carriages to her dear friend, which also clogged her conscience,
and did load her with guilt. She was, moreover, much broken with calling to remembrance
the restless groans, brinish tears, and self-bemoanings of her husband; and how she
did harden her heart against all his entreaties and loving persuasions (of her and
her sons) to go with him; yea, there was not anything that CHRISTIAN either said
to her, or did before her, all the while that his burden did hang on his back, but
it returned upon her like a flash of lightning, and rent the caul of her heart in
two. Specially, that bitter outcry of his, 'What must I do to be saved?' did ring
in her ears most dolefully.
"Then said she to her children, 'Sons, we are all undone. I have sinned away
your father, and he is gone; he would have had us with him, but I would not go myself;
I also have hindered you of life.' With that the boys fell all into tears, and cried
out to go after their father. 'Oh,' said CHRISTIANA, 'that it had been but our lot
to go with him; then had it fared well with us beyond what 'tis like to do now! For
though I formerly foolishly imagined concerning the troubles of your father, that
they proceeded of a foolish fancy that he had, or for that he was overrun with melancholy
humours; yet now 't will not out of my mind, but that they sprang from another cause,
to wit, for that the light of light was given him; by the help of which, as I perceive,
he has escaped the snares of death'.
Then they all wept again; and cried out, 'Oh, woe worth the day!'
"The next night CHRISTIANA had a dream; and behold, she saw as if a broad parchment
was opened before her, in which were recorded the sum of her ways; and the times,
as she thought, looked very black upon her. Then she cried out aloud in her sleep,
'Lord, have mercy upon me, a sinner!';
and the little children heard her.
"After this she thought she saw two very ill favoured ones standing by her bedside,
and saying, 'What shall we do with this woman; for she cries out for mercy waking
and sleeping? If she be suffered to go on as she begins, we shall lose her as we
have lost her husband. Wherefore we must, by one way or other, seek to take her off
from the thoughts of what shall be hereafter; else all the world cannot help it but
she will become a pilgrim.'
"Now she awoke in a great sweat, also a trembling was upon her; but after awhile
she fell to sleeping again. And then she thought she saw CHRISTIAN her husband in
a place of bliss, among many immortals, with a harp in his hand, standing and playing
upon it before One that sat on a throne, with a rainbow about his head. She saw also
as if he bowed his head with his face to the paved work that was under the Prince's
feet, saying, 'I heartily thank my Lord and King for bringing of me into this place.'
Then shouted a company of them that stood around about, and harped with their harps;
but no man living could tell what they said but CHRISTIAN and his companions.
"Next morning, when she was up, and had prayed to God, and talked with her children
awhile, one knocked hard at the door; to whom she spake out saying, 'If thou comest
in God's name, come in.' So he said, 'Amen,' and opened the door, and saluted her
with, 'Peace be to this house!' The which when he had done, he said, 'CHRISTIANA,
knowest thou wherefore I am come?' Then she blushed and trembled; also her heart
began to wax warm with desires to know whence he came, and what was his errand to
her. So he said unto her, 'My name is SECRET: I dwell with those that are high. It
is talked of where I dwell as if thou hadst a desire to go thither; also there is
a report that thou art aware of the evil thou hast formerly done to thy husband in
hardening of thy heart against his way, and in keeping of these thy babes in their
ignorance. CHRISTIANA, the merciful One has sent me to tell thee that he is a God
ready to forgive; and that he takes delight to multiply pardon to offences. He also
would have thee know that he inviteth thee to come into his presence; to his table;
and that he will feed thee with the fat of his house, and with the heritage of Jacob
thy father.
"'There is CHRISTIAN, thy husband that was, with legions more, his companions,
ever beholding that face that doth minister life to beholders; and they will all
be glad when they shall hear the sound of thy feet step over thy Father's threshold.'
"CHRISTIANA at this was greatly abashed in herself; and bowed her head to the
ground, this visitor proceeded, and said, 'CHRISTIANA, here is also a letter for
thee, which I have brought from thy husband's King.' So she took it and opened it;
but it smelt after the manner of the best perfume,
also it was written in letters of gold. The contents of the letter was, 'That the
King would have her do as did CHRISTIAN her husband; for that was the way to come
to his City, and to dwell in his presence with joy for ever.' At this the good woman
was quite overcome. So she cried out to her visitor. 'Sir, will you carry me and
my children with you, that we also may go and worship this King?'
"Then said the visitor, 'CHRISTIANA! the bitter is before the sweet. Thou must
through troubles, as did he that went before thee, enter this Celestial City. Wherefore
I advise thee to do as did CHRISTIAN thy husband: go to the wicket gate yonder, over
the plain, for that stands in the head of the way up which thou must go; and I wish
thee all good speed. Also I advise that thou put this letter in thy bosom. That thou
read therein to thyself and to thy children, until you have got it by heart. For
it is one of the songs that thou must sing while thou art in this house of thy pilgrimage.
Also this thou must deliver in at the further gate.'"
Now I saw in my dream, that this old gentleman, as he told me this story, did himself
seem to be greatly affected therewith. He moreover, proceeded and said, "So
CHRISTIANA called her sons together, and began thus to address herself unto them,
'My sons, I have, as you may perceive, been of late under much exercise in my soul
about the death of your father; not for that I doubt at all of his happiness for
I am satisfied now that he is well. I have also been much affected with the thoughts
of mine own state and yours, which I verily believe is by nature miserable. My carriages
also to your father in his distress is a great load to my conscience; for I hardened
both my own heart and yours against him, and refused to go with him on pilgrimage.
"'The thoughts of these things would now kill me outright, but that for a dream
which I had last night, and but that for the encouragement that this stranger has
given me this morning. Come, my children, let us pack up, and be gone to the gate
that leads to the celestial country; that we may see your father, and be with him
and his companions in peace, according to the laws of that land.'
"Then did her children burst out into tears for joy that the heart of their
mother was so inclined. So their visitor bade them farewell: and they began to prepare
to set out for their journey.
A Visit From Mrs. Timorous and Mercy
ut while they were thus about to
be gone, two of the women that were CHRISTIANA'S neighbours came up to her house,
and knocked at her door. To whom she said, as before, 'If you come in God's name,
come in.' At this the women were stunned; for this kind of language they used not
to hear, or to perceive to drop from the lips of CHRISTIANA. Yet they came in; but
behold, they found the good woman preparing to be gone from her house.
"So they began, and said, 'Neighbour, pray what is your meaning by this?'
"CHRISTIANA answered and said to the eldest of them, whose name was Mrs. TIMOROUS,
'I am preparing for a journey.' (This TIMOROUS was daughter to him that met CHRISTIAN
upon the Hill Difficulty, and would have had him go back for fear of the lions.)
For what journey, I pray you?
"Chris. Even
to go after my good husband. And with that she fell a-weeping.
"Tim. I hope
not so, good neighbour. Pray, for your poor children's sakes, do not so unwomanly
cast away yourself.
"Chris. Nay,
my children shall go with me; not one of them is willing to stay behind.
"Tim. I wonder,
in my very heart, what or who has brought you into this mind.
"Chris. Oh,
neighbour, knew you but as much as I do, I doubt not but that you would go with me.
"Tim. Prithee,
what new knowledge hast thou got that so worketh off thy mind from thy friends, and
that tempteth thee to go nobody knows where?
"Chris. Then
CHRISTIANA replied, 'I have been sorely afflicted since my husband's departure from
me; but specially since he went over the river. But that which troubles me most is,
my churlish carriages to him when he was under his distress. Besides, I am now as
he was then; nothing will serve me but going on pilgrimage. I was dreaming last night
that I saw him. Oh that my soul was with him! He dwells in the presence of the King
of the country; he sits and eats with him at his table; he is become a companion
of immortals; and has a house now given him to dwell in, to which the best palaces
on earth if compared, seem to me to be but as a dunghill.
"The Prince of the place has also sent for me, with promise of entertainment
if I shall come to him. His messenger was here even now, and has brought me a letter,
which invites me to come.' And with that she plucked out her letter, and read it,
and said to them, 'What now will you say to this?'
"Tim. Oh,
the madness that has possessed thee and thy husband, to run yourselves upon such
difficulties! You have heard, I am sure, what your husband did meet with, even in
a manner at the first step that he took on his way, as our neighbour OBSTINATE, can
yet testify; for he went along with him, yea, and PLIABLE too, until they, like wise
men, were afraid to go any farther. We also heard, over and above, how he met with
the lions, APOLLYON, the Shadow of Death, and many other things. Nor is the danger
that he met with at Vanity Fair to be forgotten by thee. For if he, though a man,
was so hard put to it, what canst thou, being but a poor woman, do? Consider, also,
that these four sweet babes are thy children, thy flesh and thy bones. Wherefore,
though thou shouldst be so rash as to cast away thyself, yet, for the sake of the
fruit of thy body, keep thou at home.
"But CHRISTIANA said unto her, 'Tempt me not, my neighbour; I have now a price
put into mine hand to get gain, and I should be a fool of the greatest size if I
should have no heart to strike in with the opportunity. And for that you tell me
of all these troubles that I am like to meet with in the way, they are so far off
from being to me a discouragement, that they show I am in the right. The bitter must
come before the sweet; and that also will make the sweet the sweeter. Wherefore,
since you came not to my house in God's name, as I said, I pray you to be gone, and
not to disquiet me further.'
"Then TIMOROUS also reviled her, and said to her fellow, 'Come, neighbour MERCY,
let's leave her in her own hands, since she scorns our counsel and company.' But
MERCY was at a stand, and could not so readily comply with her neighbour; and that
for a twofold reason. First, her bowels yearned over CHRISTIANA; so she said within
herself, 'If my neighbour will needs be gone, I will go a little way with her, and
help her.' Secondly, her bowels yearned over her own soul (for what CHRISTIANA had
said had taken some hold upon her mind). Wherefore she said within herself again,
'I will yet have more talk with this CHRISTIANA: and if I find truth and life in
what she shall say, myself with my heart shall also go with her.' Wherefore MERCY
began thus to reply to her neighbour TIMOROUS.
"Mercy. Neighbour,
I did indeed come with you to see CHRISTIANA this morning; and since she is, as you
see, a taking of her last farewell of her country, I think to walk this sunshiny
morning a little way with her to help her on the way.
"But she told her not of her second reason; but kept that to herself.
"Tim. Well,
I see you have a mind to go a-fooling too; but take heed in time, and be wise: while
we are out of danger we are out; but when we are in we are in.
"So Mrs. TIMOROUS returned to her house, and CHRISTIANA betook herself to her
journey. But when TIMOROUS was got home to her house, she sent for some of her neighbours:
to wit, Mrs. BAT'S-EYES, Mrs. INCONSIDERATE, Mrs. LIGHT-MIND, and Mrs. KNOW-NOTHING.
So when they were come to her house, she fell to telling the story of CHRISTIANA
and of her intended journey. And thus she began her tale:
"Tim. Neighbours,
having had little to do this morning, I went to give CHRISTIANA a visit; and when
I came at the door I knocked, as you know 't is our custom. And she answered, 'If
you come in God's name, come in.' So in I went, thinking all was well; but when I
came in, I found her preparing herself to depart the town, she and also her children.
So I asked her what was her meaning by that; and she told me, in short, that she
was now of a mind to go on pilgrimage, as did her husband. She told me also a dream
that she had, and how the King of the country where her husband was had sent her
an inviting letter to come thither.
"Mrs. Know-nothing. Then said Mrs. KNOW-NOTHING, 'And what, do you think she will go?'
go she will, whatever come on't; and methinks I know it by this, for that which was
my great argument to persuade her to stay at home (to wit, the troubles she was like
to meet with in the way), is one great argument with her to put her forward on her
journey. For she told me in so many words, the bitter goes before the sweet. Yea,
and for as much as it so doth, it makes the sweet the sweeter.
"Mrs. Bat's-eyes.
'Oh, this blind and foolish woman,' said she; 'will she not take warning by her husband's
afflictions? For my part, I see, if he were here again, he would rest him content
in a whole skin, and never run so many hazards for nothing.'
"Mrs. Inconsiderate also replied, saying, 'Away with such fantastical fools from the town--a
good riddance, for my part, I say, of her. Should she stay where she dwells, and
retain this her mind, who could live quietly by her? for she will either be dumpish
or unneighbourly, or talk of such matters as no wise body can abide. Wherefore, for
my part, I shall never be sorry for her departure; let her go, and let better come
in her room: 't was never a good world since these whimsical fools dwelt in it.'
"Then Mrs. Light-mind added as follows: 'Come, put this kind of talk away. I
was yesterday at Madam WANTON'S, where we were as merry as the maids. For who do
you think should be there, but I, and Mrs. LOVE-THE-FLESH, and three or four more,
with Mr. LECHERY, Mrs. FILTH, and some others. So there we had music and dancing,
and what else was meet to fill up the pleasure. And I dare say, my lady herself is
an admirably well bred gentlewoman, and Mr. LECHERY is as pretty a fellow.'
y this time CHRISTIANA was got on
her way; and MERCY went along with her. So as they went, her children being there
also, CHRISTIANA began to discourse. And, 'MERCY,' said CHRISTIANA, 'I take this
as an unexpected favour that thou shouldst set foot out of doors with me, to accompany
me a little in my way.'
"Mercy. Then
said young MERCY (for she was but young), 'If I thought it would be to purpose to
go with you, I would never go near the town any more.'
"Chris. 'Well,
MERCY,' said CHRISTIANA, 'cast in thy lot with me. I well know what will be the end
of our pilgrimage: my husband is where he would not but be for all the gold in the
Spanish mines. Nor shalt thou be rejected, though thou goest but upon my invitation.
The King who hath sent for me and my children is one that delights in mercy. Besides,
if thou wilt, I will hire thee, and thou shalt go along with me as my servant. Yet
we will have all things in common betwixt thee and me; only go along with me.'
"Mer. But
how shall I be ascertained that I also shall be entertained? Had I this hope but
from one that can tell, I would make no stick at all; but would go, being helped
by him that can help, though the way was never so tedious.
"Chris. Well,
loving MERCY, I will tell thee what thou shalt do. Go with me to the wicket gate,
and there I will further inquire for thee; and if there thou shalt not meet with
encouragement, I will be content that thou shalt return to thy place. I also will
pay thee for thy kindness which thou showest to me and my children, in thy accompanying
of us in our way as thou doest.
"Mer. Then
will I go thither, and will take what shall follow; and the Lord grant that my lot
may there fall even as the King of heaven shall have his heart upon me!
"CHRISTIANA then was glad in her heart, not only that she had a companion, but
also for that she had prevailed with this poor maid to fall in love with her own
salvation. So they went on together; and MERCY began to weep. Then said CHRISTIANA,
'Wherefore weepest my sister so?'
"Mer. 'Alas!'
said she, 'who can but lament that shall but rightly consider what a state and condition
my poor relations are in that yet remain in our sinful town? and that which makes
my grief the more heavy is, because they have no instructor, nor any to tell them
what is to come.'
"Chris. Bowels
becomes pilgrims. And thou dost for thy friends as my good CHRISTIAN did for me when
he left me; he mourned for that I would not heed nor regard him; but his Lord and
ours did gather up his tears, and put them into his bottle; and now both I, and thou,
and these my sweet babes, are reaping the fruit and benefit of them. I hope, MERCY,
these tears of thine will not be lost: for the truth hath said, that 'they that sow
in tears shall reap in joy, in singing. And he that goes forth and weeps, bearing
precious seed, shall doubtless come again with rejoicing, bringing his sheaves with
"Then said MERCY:
'Let the Most Blessed be my guide,
If it be his blessed will,
Unto his gate, into his fold,
Up to his holy hill.
And let him never suffer me
To swerve or turn aside
From his free grace and holy ways,
Whate'er shall me betide.
And let him gather them of mine
That I have left behind.
Lord, make them pray they may be Thine,
With all their heart and mind."'
Now my old friend proceeded, and said, "But when CHRISTIANA came up to the Slough
of Despond, she began to be at a stand: 'For,' said she, 'this is the place in which
my dear husband had like to have been smothered with mud.' She perceived also, that
notwithstanding the command of the King to make this place for pilgrims good, yet
it was rather worse than formerly." So I asked if that was true? "Yes,"
said the old gentleman, "too true. For that many there be that pretend to be
the King's labourers, and that say they are for mending the King's highway, that
bring din and dung instead of stones, and so mar instead of mending. Here CHRISTIANA
therefore, with her boys, did make a stand. But said MERCY, 'Come, let us venture,
only let us be wary.' Then they looked well to the steps, and made a shift to get
staggeringly over.
"Yet CHRISTIANA had like to have been in, and that not once nor twice. Now they
had no sooner got over, but they thought they heard words that said unto them, 'Blessed
is she that believes; for there shall be a performance of those things that have
been told her from the Lord'.
"Then they went on again. And said MERCY to CHRISTIANA, 'Had I as good ground
to hope for a loving reception at the wicket gate as you, I think no Slough of Despond
would discourage me.'
"'Well,' said the other, 'you know your sore, and I know mine, and, good friend,
we shall all have enough evil before we come at our journey's end. For can it be
imagined, that the people that design to attain such excellent glories as we do,
and that are so envied that happiness as we are, but that we shall meet with what
fears and scares, with what troubles and afflictions, they can possibly assault us
with that hate us? '"
Knocking at the Wicket Gate
nd now Mr. SAGACITY left me
to dream out my dream by myself. Wherefore methought I saw CHRISTIANA, and MERCY,
and the boys, go all of them up to the gate. To which when they were come, they betook
themselves to a short debate about how they must manage their calling at the gate,
and what should be said to him that did open to them. So it was concluded, since
CHRISTIANA was the eldest, that she should knock for entrance; and that she should
speak to him that did open for the rest. So CHRISTIANA began to knock; and as her
poor husband did, she knocked and knocked again. But instead of any that answered,
they all thought that they heard as if a dog came barking upon them. A dog, and a
great one too; and this made the women and children afraid. Nor durst they for awhile
to knock any more, for fear the mastiff should fly upon them. Now, therefore, they
were greatly tumbled up and down in their minds, and knew not what to do. Knock they
durst not, for fear of the dog; go back they durst not, for fear that the keeper
of that gate should espy them as they so went, and should be offended with them.
At last they thought of knocking again, and knocked more vehemently than they did
at the first. Then said the keeper of the gate, "Who is there?" So the
dog left off to bark, and he opened unto them.
Then CHRISTIANA made low obeisance, and said, "Let not our Lord be offended
with his handmaidens, for that we have knocked at his princely gate."
Then said the keeper, "Whence come ye, and what is that ye would have?"
CHRISTIANA answered, "We are come from whence CHRISTIAN did come, and upon the
same errand as he; to wit, to be, if it shall please you, graciously admitted by
this gate into the way that leads to the Celestial City. And I answer my Lord in
the next place, that I am CHRISTIANA, once the wife of CHRISTIAN that now is gotten
With that the keeper of the gate did marvel saying, "What, is she become now
a pilgrim, that but awhile ago abhorred that life?" Then she bowed her head,
and said, "Yes; and so are these my sweet babes also."
Then he took her by the hand, and let her in and said also, "Suffer the little
children to come unto Me;" and with that he shut up the gate. This done, he
called to a trumpeter that was above over the gate, to entertain CHRISTIANA with
shouting and sound of trumpet for joy.
So he obeyed and sounded, and filled the air with his melodious notes.
Now all this while poor MERCY did stand without, trembling and crying for fear that
she was rejected. But when CHRISTIANA had gotten admittance for herself and her boys,
then she began to make intercession for MERCY.
Chris. And she
said, "My Lord, I have a companion of mine that stands yet without, that is
come hither upon the same account as myself: one that is much dejected in her mind;
for that she comes, as she thinks, without sending for, whereas I was sent to by
my husband's King to come."
Now MERCY began to be very impatient, for each minute was as long to her as an hour;
wherefore she prevented CHRISTIANA from a fuller interceding for her, by knocking
at the gate herself: and she knocked then so loud, that she made CHRISTIANA to start.
Then said the keeper of the gate, "Who is there?" And said CHRISTIANA,
"It is my friend."
So he opened the gate, and looked out; but MERCY was fallen down without in a swoon,
for she fainted, and was afraid that no gate would be opened to her.
Then he took her by the hand, and said, "Damsel, I bid thee arise."
"Oh, sir," said she, "I am faint; there is scarce life left in me."
But he answered that "one once said, 'When my soul fainted within me, I remembered
the Lord, and my prayer came in unto Thee, into Thy holy temple'.
Fear not, but stand upon thy feet, and tell Me wherefore thou art come."
Mer. I am come
for that unto which I was never invited, as my friend CHRISTIANA was. Hers was from
the King, and mine was but from her; wherefore I fear I presume.
Keeper of Gate. "Did she desire thee to come with her to this place?"
Mer. Yes; and,
as my Lord sees, I am come. And if there is any grace or forgiveness of sins to spare,
I beseech that I, thy poor handmaid, may be partaker thereof.
Then he took her again by the hand, and led her gently in, and said, "I pray
for all them that believe on Me, by what means soever they come unto Me." Then
said he to those that stood by, "Fetch something, and give it to MERCY to smell
on, thereby to stay her fainting." So they fetched her a bundle of myrrh, and
awhile after she was revived.
And now was CHRISTIANA and her boys, and MERCY, received of the Lord at the head
of the way, and spoke kindly unto by him.
Then said they yet further unto him, "We are sorry for our sins, and beg of
our Lord his pardon; and further information what we must do."
"I grant pardon," said he, "by word and deed: by word, in the promise
of forgiveness; by deed, in the way I obtained it. Take the first from my lips with
a kiss, and the other as it shall be revealed".
Now I saw in my dream that he spake many good words unto them, whereby they were
greatly gladdened. he also had them up to the top of the gate, and showed them by
what deed they were saved; and told them withal, that that sight they would have
again as they went along in the way, to their comfort.
So he left them awhile in a summer parlour below, where they entered into talk by
themselves. And thus CHRISTIANA began, "O Lord, how glad am I that we are got
in hither!"
Mer. So you well
may; but I, of all, have cause to leap for joy.
Chris. I thought
one time, as I stood at the gate (because I had knocked, and none did answer), that
all our labour had been lost; specially when that ugly cur made such a heavy barking
against us.
Mer. But my worst
fear was after I saw that you were taken into his favour, and that I was left behind.
Now, thought I, 'tis fulfilled which is written, "Two women shall be grinding
together; the one shall be taken, and the other left".
I had much ado to forbear crying out, Undone, undone! And afraid I was to knock any
more; but when I looked up to what was written over the gate, I took courage. I also
thought that I must either knock again, or die. So I knocked; but I cannot tell how,
for my spirit now struggled betwixt life and death.
Chris. Can you
not tell how you knocked? I am sure your knocks were so earnest, that the very sound
of them made me start; I thought I never heard such knocking in all my life. I thought
you would have come in by violent hands, or have taken the Kingdom by storm.
Mer. Alas! to
be in my case, who that so was could but have done so? You saw that the door was
shut upon me; and that there was a most cruel dog thereabout. Who, I say, that was
so fainthearted as I, that would not have knocked with all their might? But pray,
what said my Lord to my rudeness? Was he not angry with me?
Chris. When he
heard your lumbering noise, he gave a wonderful innocent smile. I believe what you
did pleased him well enough; for he showed no sign to the contrary. But I marvel
in my heart why he keeps such a dog. Had I known that afore, I fear I should not
have had heart enough to have ventured myself in this manner. But now we are in,
we are in; and I am glad with all my heart.
Mer. I will ask,
if you please, next time he comes down, why he keeps such a filthy cur in his yard.
I hope he will not take it amiss.
"Ay, do," said the children; "and persuade him to hang him, for we
are afraid he will bite us when we go hence."
So at last he came down to them again; and MERCY fell to the ground on her face before
him, and worshipped, and said, "Let my Lord accept of the sacrifice of praise
which I now offer unto him with the calves of my lips."
So he said unto her, "Peace be to thee: stand up."
But she continued upon her face and said, "Righteous art Thou, O Lord, when
I plead with Thee; yet let me talk with Thee of thy judgments:
wherefore dost Thou keep so cruel a dog in thy yard, at the sight of which such women
and children as we are ready to fly from thy gate for fear?"
He answered, and said, "That dog has another owner; he also is kept close in
another man's ground, only my pilgrims hear his barking. He belongs to the castle
which you see there at a distance, but can come up to the walls of this place. He
has frightened many an honest pilgrim from worse to better by the great voice of
his roaring. Indeed, he that owns him doth not keep him of any good will to Me or
mine; but with intent to keep the pilgrims from coming to Me, and that they may be
afraid to knock at this gate for entrance. Sometimes also he has broken out, and
has worried some that I love; but I take all at present patiently. I also give my
pilgrims timely help; so that they are not delivered up to his power, to do to them
what his doggish nature would prompt him to. But what! My purchased one, I trow,
hadst thou known never so much beforehand, thou wouldst not have been afraid of a
dog. The beggars that go from door to door will, rather than they will lose a supposed
alms, run the hazard of the bawling, barking, and biting too, of a dog; and shall
a dog, a dog in another man's yard, a dog whose barking I turn to the profit of pilgrims,
keep any from coming to Me? I deliver them from the lions, their darling from the
power of the dog."
Mer. Then said
MERCY, "I confess my ignorance; I spake what I understand not: I acknowledge
that Thou doest all things well."
Then CHRISTIANA began to talk of their journey, and to inquire after the way. So
he fed them, and washed their feet; and set them in the way of his steps, according
as he had dealt with her husband before.
I. or STAGE 2.
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From critical trips to kidney dialysis and chemotherapy treatments for cancer patients, to daily trips to Children's Hospital and for seniors who must have routine medical visits to avoid nursing homes, transportation can make the crucial difference between being homebound and isolated, or healthy and active.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Shermer in Virginia
Skeptic Magazine publisher Michael Shermer will be in Oakton, Virginia this Thursday, October 12, to discuss his new book Why Darwin Matters: The Case Against Intelligent Design. The talk is being cohosted by The Alliance for Science and the National Capitol Area Skeptics. Regrettably, I will be unable to attend. Having heard Shermer speak several times previously, I can say with some confidence that will be an interesting and informative talk. If you're anywhere near Oakton, I strongly encourage you to attend.
The talk will be from 7:30-9:30, but Shermer will be signing copies of his book before the talk. Click here for more information.


text:
Case: Stainless steel
Movement: Quartz movement
Strap: Blue alligator strap
Diameter: 34.0 mm
Height: 7.5 mm
Water resistance: 3 ATM
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text:
events | Viabizzuno progettiamo la luce
projects, meetings and initiatives for revealing Viabizzuno light.
Viabizzuno enlightens 'dear to me' the exhibition of the master peter zumthor at the kunsthaus bregenz.
in 1997, the kunsthaus art gallery
designed by the master peter zumthor
was inaugurated in bregenz, along
the shores of lake constance. the star
of the architectural design is the natural light that enters the interior rooms through a sophisticated system of glass cladding,
giving shape and depth to the spaces
with its continuous variations
and different intensities. on the occasion
of its twentieth anniversary, the swiss architect designed and set up the exhibition 'dear to me',
a place where people can see and hear about
the artistic initiatives that are dear to him. geometric panels, arranged on the walls like abstract paintings, frame the space on the ground floor, furnished with seats and stools designed
by the master. this room plays host to musicians, writers, philosophers, scientists and artisans who have inspired and shared his works.
people such as the austrian composer
olga neuwirth, the photographer hélène binet
or the artists gerda steiner and jörg lenzlinger
who were also invited to exhibit their works
within the exhibition.
the first floor eschews any redesign:
the ceiling of natural light and the polished terrazzo floor, enveloped by stone walls,
are immediate evidence
of the master's architecture.
on the second floor,
deep bookcases create a helical maze
around an open central space.
this is the gallery's library, a space for public
readings and private research, where Viabizzuno presented its new fiore lamp, designed
in conjunction with peter zumthor.
a floor light fitting with a cylindrical steel base,
a fixed stem that is flexible
at its end, and a diffuser finished in black leather handmade in Italy. the lamp,
fitted with an on-off and
dimming system using a manual potentiometer, seems to come from the concrete: devoid
of a power cable, it is powered
by an internal li-ion battery with a capacity sufficient for 12h. a simple
and delicate presence, but with a high technological content, in a space that draws together
the inspirations and memories
of a grand master of international architecture.
kunsthaus: neuter noun, from the german
'house of artists', indicates a building in which conventions, exhibitions and artistic exhibitions
are held. it could be translated
as an 'art gallery', although it has a wider
and more specific meaning,
referring to a space that hosts
multiple projects
and to which several artists collaborate.
fiore (flower): masculine noun,
from the latin flos floris the most beautiful
and showy part of the plant,
which contains the reproduction
apparatus: it is a transformed
shoot that carries special leaves
used for the reproductive function,
different from the normal leaves
in shape and size. in common use,
some flowers are indicated with the same
name of the plant, for example 'a rose'.
'a rain of flowers descended, sweet in the memory, from the beautiful branches into her lap'.
(francesco petrarca, canzoniere)
in a figurative sense, the best part,
the chosen part, the most beautiful period, youth:
the flower of sb's youth do not believe
that the future is always roses and flowers.
'you, blossom of my own shaken and parched tree, you, of my vain life ultimate and only flower'.
(giosuè carducci, pianto antico)
in the history of art, for a long time
the floral paintings have been considered
a minor theme. yet, especially since
the nineteenth century,
some of the greatest painters have measured themselves with the representation of flowers.
jan brueghel the old, flemish painter,
in the seventeenth century painted
vases and baskets, imaginative
and varied, with warm and bright tones.
the most famous are the van gogh sunflowers,
with the unmistakable yellow cadmium,
portrayed in each phase of flowering,
from the bud to withering, like the monet gardens,
a riot of roses, iris, tulips, bellflowers,
gladioli, wisteria and water lilies.
fiore, light fitting designed in 2007
by peter zumthor architect,
Viabizzuno light factory
IP20 rated floor standing,
wall and suspension light fitting for indoor use.
versions: fiore floor-standing
with Ø140mm h.134mm aisi 304 steel base,
Ø16mm h.1130mm fixed rod,
Ø13mm 600mm flexible rod
and Ø80mm h.150mm conical diffuser;
activation and dimming
with linear potentiometer,
12 hour life li-ion battery,
240V 50-60Hz battery charger
with l.2000mm cable included.
accessories: additional battery,
battery charger, additional
battery and battery charger,
1, 5 and 10 modules
additional battery charger.
fiore wall with Ø13mm 600mm
flexible rod, Ø80mm h.135mm
conical diffuser; activation and dimming
with linear potentiometer,
24Vdc constant voltage power
supply not included, to be installed remotely.
fiore ceiling with Ø80mm h.180mm
power supply rose, 400mm rod
and Ø13mm 600mm flexible rod;
120-240V 50-60Hz power supply included.
wired with Ra95 2700K 4.5W 337lm led source.
optics: 20°.
finishes: chrome lamp body,
diffuser covered with black leather
handmade in italy


text:
Lodenbay Three Drawer Night Stand
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Cottage quaint styling and quality construction make this nightstand a dream come true. A two-tone finish provides rustic warmth, with an antiqued gray body and a rich, deep walnut on the top. The three smooth-gliding drawers' framed fronts and dark bronze-tone hardware marry classic elegance and homey charm. Despite its vintage feel, this nightstand keeps up with your high-tech lifestyle with AC outlets and USB charging.
Height | 27.88in | |
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Depth | 17in | |
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Material | Wood Products and Other | |
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Redbook CD audio has sample rate of 44.1 kilo samples per second. There should be no content above the noise floor above 44.1/2= 22.05_kHz, else that content would mirror about that 22.05_kHz frequency in an ugly sounding manner. Because of that most everything above 20_kHz is filtered out (its ultrasonic anyways, above the range of very good youthful hearing) and there is nothing above the noise floor above 22.05_kHz.
Two samples provide perfect definition of frequency, and ten samples provide very good description of phase. So 44.1_ksps is adequate to perfectly describe frequency up to 22.05_kHz, and provides very good description of phase up to 4.41_kHz.
"High Resolution" digital audio has higher sample rate, and tends to include more ultrasonic content above the range of normal youthful hearing. 96_ksps in the ideal would allow content to 48_kHz, but practicable filters reduce that by 10%-20% without damaging the audible portion of the spectrum. Good definition of phase is provided to 9.6_kHz, ten samples.
A problem is that many amplifiers are not as well controlled at higher frequencies, creating more nonlinear distortion products on that higher frequency input content, and those nonlinear distortion products can cause intermodulations in the audible range.
There can be benefit to limiting frequency of the input signal entering the amplifier. Redbook CD audio does that. Higher sample rate PCM digital audio limits it at higher frequencies, but too high for some amplifiers.
Be careful what you ask for.


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Ten Times It Rained Animals (Yes, Animals)
10 Devastating Missing Child Cases That Remain Unsolved
10 Scary Tales from the Middle Ages That'll Keep You up at Night
10 One-of-a-kind People the World Said Goodbye to in July 2024
10 Holiday Movies Released at Odd Times of the Year
10 Countries Where Religion and Politics Are Inseparable
10 Freaky Times When Famous Body Parts Were Stolen
10 Interesting Things Manufacturers Stopped Making and Why
10 Funny Tutorials in Games
10 Desperate Last Stands That Ended in Victory
Ten Times It Rained Animals (Yes, Animals)
10 Devastating Missing Child Cases That Remain Unsolved
Who's Behind Listverse?
Jamie Frater
Head Editor
Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author.
More About Us10 Scary Tales from the Middle Ages That'll Keep You up at Night
10 One-of-a-kind People the World Said Goodbye to in July 2024
10 Holiday Movies Released at Odd Times of the Year
10 Countries Where Religion and Politics Are Inseparable
10 Freaky Times When Famous Body Parts Were Stolen
10 Interesting Things Manufacturers Stopped Making and Why
10 Funny Tutorials in Games
11 Ways to Handle Substance Abuse
For as long as there have been mind altering substances, there's been a certain percentage of the population who wind up abusing them. With variety and availability at unprecedented levels, substance abuse is not uncommon. The resultant popular more shift from criminal justice matter to public health problem is a welcome departure from a puritanical morality unhinged from reality. While the related political tides are coming in, statistically speaking, most of us are going to face this question on personal level. When a loved one develops a substance abuse problem, how should it be addressed?
And do not confront them directly. Most people will feel compelled to direct action, and want to do something immediately. You must resist this urge. In much the same way a funeral is not for, and of no benefit to the dead, the only thing an invention accomplishes is to stroke the collective ego of everyone involved. This way all the participants can go home, and sleep soundly telling themselves they've done everything they possibly could. Which is of course complete hogwash. The intervention is just a quick fix panacea for an attention deficit disorder culture and will most likely alienate the subject. Do you really think that everything will be wrapped up neat & tidy after an hour of making someone feel like a piece of garbage? This isn't television, and in the real world things work far differently. Accomplishing anything meaningful takes hard work, dedication, time and patience. There are no short cuts here. If you really care about the person, you must understand that it's going to take time, it's going to be difficult, and there will be setbacks
If you've managed not to barrage the subject with a fusillade of guilt (aka, stage an intervention), then you have a slight advantage, and some time to come to terms with this new revelation. Information can be a valuable and/or powerful tool. You know, but they don't know you know. You've just bought yourself some time to think about the relationship, get prepared, and adjust how you interact with this individual. Once they know that you know, they'll most likely modify their behavior and may even lash out at you, so do this privately. Adjust how you treat this person to match how they've treated you. Think about it. Has this person betrayed you? Stolen from you? Lied to you? Worse? How would you interact with a stranger who's done all that to you? Keep in mind that this persons behavior is being guided by their addiction. This may be the most difficult task on the list, but also the most important because unless you re-frame your relationship dynamic, you probably won't be able to accomplish the rest. And remember, mums the word: Loose lips sink ships.
And STICK TO IT. No matter what you do, you can not force another person to change. Change comes from within, and a person is only going to do this if they decide it's in their best interest to do so. That being said, there are subtle methods of influence that can be applied and vary depending on the type of relationship. Your plan should include these methods, executed incrementally. The first part of any plan is to determine exactly what it is you'd like to accomplish, then work backwards from there to figure out how to execute it. A good goal in this circumstance would be "Get them off drugs & help them put their life (back) together." Now, what can you do that would be effective?
The first lesson in any emergency responder training is that you have to protect yourself first. It's drilled in for a very important reason: if you don't protect yourself, you can't render assistance to others in need. Same goes of this situation. Measures that may be considered extraordinary must be taken, lest you place yourself, or your well-being in jeopardy. Herein lies the inherent benefit of observing rule #1: you can make preparations without arousing suspicion. Gather up all important documents and materials: wills, insurance policies, deeds, birth certificates, financial records, etc. and store them in a safe location inaccessible to the subject. A safety deposit box is a good idea. Assume the subject has copies of keys for all your property that require one. Change the locks on all your real estate. Store your vehicle(s) securely, or better yet, sell them and get new ones. Your computer has probably been compromised with key stroke tracking software. Get it scanned, or better yet get all new equipment. Get a security system and/or security cameras that record to a remote server. With current technology, this can be done very easily & inexpensively. Change the passwords, access codes and pin numbers on all accounts with sensitive content – email addresses, online banking, paypal, etc. Just do a complete sweep. If you don't already know them, go down to the local police department, introduce yourself, and explain the situation. Chances are, you'll be seeing them soon. If they have advance warning about the situation, you'll be a stronger position. Finally, change your will so the subject doesn't stand to inherit a windfall. If necessary, place your estate in a carefully controlled trust. You can even put conditions on it that would incentives positive behavior.
For your own emotional defense you're going to want to withdraw from contact at first. That means don't call them, don't go visit, and don't make plans. This has the added benefit of making it easier to Re-frame the Relationship Dynamic. It'll probably take them a little while to catch on, and hopefully you'll have completed the action plan and self-protection measures by then. Once they do reach out to you, screen all calls and don't return them for a day. Then, only stay on the phone for 10 minutes or less. This is going to make them uncomfortable – and that's the whole point. If they start to think the relationship is in jeopardy, or changing, it will put them off balance. What's really happening here is you're taking control of the relationship. By making them come to you, you're sending a powerful message that you're in charge, and the relationship will be on your terms. You're empowering yourself – for yourself, and perhaps more importantly, communicating this to the loved one. Once you're comfortable running the relationship, you can expand to in person get-togethers, but these must always be on your terms, and never dependent on their participation. You're going to do what you want to do, but it would be great to have them along. Expect them not to show up, and don't be, or at least don't communicate, any disappointment at their non-participation. But next time you speak make a deliberate point to mention that it was a great time.
This is just about the only thing you can do that might be able to influence the subject. Stop doing anything that enables them to continue their self-destructive lifestyle. If you're providing them a place to live, stop. Put them out. You're probably worried that they'll wind up on the street, but if they do it's by their own choice. Homeless shelters and housing projects do exist. Not having a roof over your head is a powerful incentive to find one. They might call you up and say that they're hungry. Tell them to go find a soup kitchen, or sign up for food stamps. If they say their clothes are dirty, or worn out, just laugh and hang up. Everyone knows about laundromats and thrift stores. Everything you've done for them has been extremely generous, and if they've grown comfortable by it, you have the power to make their life uncomfortable. Discomfort is one of the most powerful motivators, and one of the originally stated goals was for this person to be self-sufficient. Emotional outbursts produce no substantive results. This can. But they have to do it for themselves.
Added bonus: any parasitic associates will soon be gone when the subject finds himself living in a musty basement apartment eating government cheese and cut off from an inheritance.
Do NOT give the subject anything, without receiving something in return. If they call up begging and crying about how hungry they are, make them squirm a little bit before offering to have a pizza delivered, on the condition that they attend a Narcotics Anonymous meeting. You'll probably have to stake out the meeting spot to verify this as it is anonymous after all. They probably won't go, so put that one in the bank, and permit no further exchange until they make good on their word. Hold them accountable, and treat them like a stubborn child. Use the word reciprocity a lot. And explain to them what it means. Frequently. For more information, look up Operant Conditioning. It is effective regardless of age.
You're not the only one who's going through this. Countless others have gone before. It is a tremendously arduous experience which is only made harder if you try to go it on your own. There's nothing to be ashamed of, and there's no reason you can't reach out to others. They've been where you are now, know how traumatic it is, are glad to help, and can be your best resource. They can help you stick to your plan when the going gets tough, or even advise based on their experience. Attend an Anonymous meeting, and listen to what they're saying. Each and every addict in that room once had people that cared about them. And they are the contemporaries of your loved one. Join a group. That's what they're there for.
A special note of caution: be selective in whichever group you chose to attend because many are illegitimate, ineffective, or have pathological ulterior motives. One such group goes under the name "Narconon" and should specifically be avoided at all costs. This group is a front for the Cult of Scientology used to recruit new members during a moment of weakness (recovery) when they are highly suggestible. Duplicitously, they've taken a name that closely resembles that of a legitimate and effective organization, Narcotics Anonymous.
Search around on an online bookstore for some of the best regarded books on this topic, or take a recommendation from your support group. Read up on the topic. Learn all about it. The more you know, the more effective you'll be at dealing with it. A trite little internet list just won't cut it. If you're serious about this, you're going to have to do more.
Once the fallout has settled, and a new dynamic is established, let the person know that you're willing to help them, so long as they're willing to help themselves. Tell them that you love them, and want them to get clean, and straighten out their life. And you're willing to help them. But only on your terms. They're going to go through some rough patches along the way, and hope may be the only thing that gets them through it. Knowing there's someone out there who cares.
This is not the end of the world, and it shouldn't be the end of yours. Worse things have, and will happen. It's normal to be upset, and scared, and angry; frustrated, disappointed, sad and depressed. If you didn't run an emotional gamut, you'd be numb as a corpse. This is a terrible thing to happen, and while there's only so much you can do for your loved one, there is one person you have complete control over. That's you. The entire crux of this list has been about how to indirectly influence another by ones own behavior. If that person sees you living your life happily and contentedly, that may exert a positive influence. But you owe it to yourself not to let anthers misfortune ruin the rest of your life. Good luck.


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Counties > Stirlingshire > 1868-69 - Duncan & Jamieson's directory for Stirling, St. Ninians, Cambusbarron, Whins of Milton, Bannockburn, Bridge of Allan, Dunblane, Doune, Deanston, and Callander
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Images and transcriptions on this page, including medium image downloads, may be used under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence unless otherwise stated.
Permanent URL | https://digital.nls.uk/85599369 |
Description | Directories of individual Scottish counties or parts of counties. |
Description | Around 700 Scottish directories published annually by the Post Office or private publishers between 1773 and 1911. Most of Scotland covered, with a focus on Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dundee and Aberdeen. Most volumes include a general directory (A-Z by surname), street directory (A-Z by street) and trade directory (A-Z by trade). |


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I currently have a Canon T3 with the basic EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 lens that it came with. I'd like to go out to the local ski hill though, and there is a terrain park there. Most of my photographic experience is simply by messing around, with fairly still objects.
A lot of these skiiers are moving very fast, and the snow is fairly bright. What sort of settings should I be using to get optimal pictures (Ones that aren't just blurs in the air or on a rail)? Are there any good techniques to invoke while trying to capture photos in the winter, or at high speed? What differences will I need to consider between day and night?


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Islamic Relief CEO Honored
CEO of Islamic Relief USA Appointed to U.S. State Department Working Group
Abed Ayoub, CEO of Islamic Relief USA, has been appointed to the U.S. State Department's Religion and Foreign Policy Working Group to help inform U.S. policy.
Along with the other members, Ayoub will take part in dialogue and provide input on relevant topics including the challenges and opportunities for partnership. The group also will identify model action programs or projects for collaboration between the U.S. government and NGOs.
"We feel honored to be in this group, working with diverse leaders,†Ayoub said. "As a humanitarian organization, we can bring a lot to the table. Unfortunately, most of the disasters in the world are in the Muslim world, and we're hoping that we can maximize the benefits going to the beneficiaries by being in this group.â€
The Religion and Foreign Policy Working Group is divided into sub-groups. Ayoub will serve on the Sub-Group on Faith-Based Groups and Development and Humanitarian Assistance, which examines faith-based organizations' challenges, opportunities and resources in addressing societal needs for such assistance. This forum also will work to ensure NGOs' freedom to operate and deliver humanitarian aid.
Other members of the Development and Humanitarian Assistance sub-group include Richard Stearns, President/CEO of World Vision; Carolyn Woo, CEO of Catholic Relief Services; David Beckmann, President of Bread for the World; and Ruth Messinger, President of American Jewish World Service.
Muslims distribute meat to soup kitchens Muslims across North America reached out to the needy by organizing meat drives for the soup kitchens. These are part of the larger celebrations of Eid ul Adha.
On Wednesday, Nov. 16, Brooklyn Borough President Marty Markowitz joined Turkish Cultural Center Brooklyn and other supporting organizations at Brooklyn Borough Hall to distribute more than 700 pounds of packaged beef to food pantries and soup kitchens throughout the borough.
In New Brunswick, Canada, too the small Muslim community donated more than 350 pounds of ground beef and stew beef to the Fredericton Community Kitchen.
"We're just overwhelmed by the generosity of this community to help us,†said Cheryl Mercer, who's the bookkeeper for the kitchen.
"It means that we're going to be able to put food on the table, good quality beef that arrived,†she said, estimating it will produce about 600 meals.


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The governor of Washington is calling for an increase in the state's minimum wage, which is already the highest in the nation.
Washington currently requires employers to pay $9.32 an hour, well above the national minimum of $7.25.
In his State of the State address Tuesday, Gov. Jay Inslee didn't propose a precise increase, saying he wanted to discuss it with lawmakers. But he said it should be in the range of $1.50 to $2.50 an hour -- or a 16% to 27% increase.
"It won't be a number that remedies 50 years of income inequality," he said. "There is ample evidence that a raise in that range does not kill jobs. An increase in minimum wage means more money being spent in our economy."
The minimum wage increased in 13 states and four cities on Jan. 1. Among those was Washington state, where the minimum went up slightly as part of a cost-of-living trigger.
California is raising its minimum wage to $9 an hour on July 1 and then to $10 an hour in 2016.
Related: Minimum wage hike could mean a raise for all
Some in Congress are pushing to raise the national minimum wage. A plan endorsed by key Democrats and President Obama would increase it to $10.10 within three years of passage. On Tuesday, a group of 75 leading economists, including seven with Nobel Prizes, endorsed raising the minimum wage in a letter sent to Congress.
But there is still strong opposition to a higher minimum wage from many business groups as well as Republicans.
Inslee, a Democrat, faces likely opposition in the legislature, where Republicans control the state senate.
"I recognize the political realities of the split control," he said. "But we must spend time and energy -- and yes, political capital -- helping make sure everyone in Washington is paid a fair wage."
Related: The real low-wage issue - not enough hours
In November voters in the small Washington city of SeaTac, which includes the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport and the surrounding businesses, voted to raise the minimum wage there to $15 an hour. But a state judge ruled in December that the increase doesn't apply to most workers at the airport.


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Well we are half way through this years themes already! I have thrown the letters up in the air this time round and the mix will be that the themes and colours will not be the same letter for each challenge. I have also sorted out some new prizes too.
Slightly different format this time.
As it is now the Summer School Holidays
This challenge will run for 4 Weeks and will therefore close
on 5th September.
I have chosen
the letter Y for ' You Choose' which has been teamed with W for the colour of Wedgewood blue.
So you are free to choose your own theme/embellishments/design as long as their is a Butterfly somewhere in your creation.
You may choose to use just the letter/theme + butterfly or use the colour +butterfly.
There will be Two Winners drawn for this challenge.
Here is my Inspiration card for you.
Check my blog Here to see more details!
There are two sets of each prize selection A & B
The Winners may choose
Selection (A)
Selection (B)
to go with the
Enough to complete a card or two.
Please be sure to read all the rules on the tab above
and enter your creations in Mr Linky below.
Please also state if you are only playing for fun.
Happy crafting and see you soon.


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Outdoor Fence did a beautiful job and really made it economical. The estimator helped me problem solve an issue and his idea was actually more affordable. Sandy at the front desk was very helpful and made the experience very easy. The crew was very courteous and respectful and went above and beyond with repairing an existing fence. They also repaired an existing gate at no charge. I highly recommend Outdoor Fence!- by CT H.,
Just wanted to say thank you for the job you did on installing my fence. It looks great & the extra effort you took in patching a hole in an existing fence was not only noticed but well appreciated. I will definitely use your company again if I should ever need another fence down the road, or recommend your company. PS. You even impressed my twenty year old, which isn't always easy.- by Janice P.,


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Filthy Limestone Fireplace Restored in Oxford
A stone fireplace adds a classic and period look to any home but like the stone floors we deal with its only a matter of time before the appearance degrades, however not from foot traffic but from soot. This process happens so gradually it goes without being noticed until one day you realise it really does need a good clean and the dirtier it gets, the harder it is to clean.
I recently visited a customer living in the historic city of Oxford who had never once cleaned their black Limestone fireplace. One day, they decided to finally clean it but found that it would take a lot more than just a light scrub with some soapy water!
As you can see from the photograph below, the Limestone was extremely dirty, dusty and stained. Upon examining the situation, I decided that the best way to restore the stone to its original condition would be to use a polishing process known as burnishing. Keen to see the natural beauty of the Limestone again, the customer was more than happy to book in the job.
Cleaning and Burnishing a Limestone Fireplace
As I would be focusing solely on the Fireplace, it was necessary for me to start by protecting the surrounding area with tape. I then began the process of burnishing, starting with a 200-grit diamond encrusted handheld burnishing block. I sprayed a small amount of water onto the fireplace to act as a lubricant and rubbed the diamond encrusted block onto the stone.
This coarse grit pad helps to grind away the thick layers of dirt on the surface of the Limestone and starts to gradually polish the surface beneath. I completed the burnishing working in small sections at a time, rinsing with fresh water and wiping excess off regularly as I progressed.
After finishing with the 200-grit block I then repeated the process using a 400-grit block. This block possesses a finer grit and really helped to achieve a high-quality polished effect.
While the Limestone was drying, I treated the black fire grate with the correct grate paste (or polish) which cleaned it and recoloured it.
To complete the cleaning process, I paid attention to the black tiles on the floor. These were cleaned using Tile Doctor Pro-Clean diluted with water, and scrubbed into the stone and grout using a small specialised brush. Finally, I rinsed the area with fresh water and dried it with a towel.
Sealing a Limestone Fireplace
I then had to leave the fireplace to dry for about an hour so it would be ready to seal. To seal the Limestone, I used Tile Doctor Ultra-Seal, which offers the natural looking finish that the customer wanted. This sealer is formulated to provide maximum protection against stains and dirt, and is suitable for use on all types of natural stone.
The customer has decided that although this will no longer be used as a working fireplace it, will certainly give the room a focal point – so she was very happy to have it back to looking its best!
Professional Restoration of a Limestone Fireplace in Oxfordshire
Filthy Limestone Fireplace Restored in Oxford Read More »