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January-February 2015
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Eugene Zimmerman's
Correspondence School
In Cartooning & Caricature
Volume One
Lesson Books Nos. 1-5 (1914 revised 1920)
Zim's Correspondence School of Cartooning, Comic Art and Caricature consists of twenty 32-page books packed with artwork, practical advice, homespun philosophy and plain old horse sense. Every month a new book would arrive in the mail, and the student would be responsible for arranging to ship their completed assignments to Horseheads, NY where Zim would review and critique them for a small fee. These books are among the rarest and most sought after cartooning instruction books in existence.
This PDF e-book contains the first five lesson books compiled from both the 1914 and 1920 editions of the Zim course, and includes a foreword by Ralph Bakshi and an introduction by Stephen Worth. The lesson books are supplemented with full page color illustrations by Zim taken from issues of Judge's Library magazines from the 1890s. This PDF e-book is optimized for display on the iPad or printing two up with a cover on 8 1/2 by 11 inch paper.
Adobe PDF File / 200 Pages
408.2 MB Download
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I grew up in a time, in the middle of the 20th century, when most drawings in cartooning- magazine gag panels, comic strips and animation– were all formula. The same funny character shapes were repeated over and over again. This was called "having a great style".
I didn't realize that a great part of the history of cartooning had been lost until my wife Elisabeth and I stumbled across this complete set of Eugene Zimmerman's cartoon course at an estate sale. Subsequently, and with great enthusiasm, I ran around from one book store to another looking for old copies of Judge and Life, the magazines that Zim had drawn for fifty years earlier.
The thing that made Zim so great was that like all great artists, he had no formula for drawing. He thought about each drawing as it related to life and situation, then caricatured it. He didn't have a simple cartoon formula to explain everything. He searched for the individual truth of the moment. At all times, his cartoons are hilariously funny and ring true. We recognize the event, the person, his age, social standing and ethnic type immediately. This is what makes his cartooning great.
Zim caricatured all of the people that we know so well. They were just like the people I grew up with in Brooklyn. His characters make me roar with laughter and appreciate all of our individual humanity. Zim's drawing of objects– a shoe, a can, a pot, a chicken, a chair– come alive in his drawings. Each object has its own unique personality, just like his characters. To Zim, everything is funny and real at the same time.
So here is Zim's cartooning course. How lucky can you get?
Ralph Bakshi March, 2009
A century has passed since he hit his artistic peak, and perhaps because of that wide gulf, it is impossible to discuss the work of Eugene "Zim" Zimmerman without discussing the issue of race. The result of this is that Zim's pioneering body of work has been largely misunderstood, or worse yet, completely erased from the history of cartooning.
In his introduction to ZIM: The Autobiography of Eugene Zimmerman (1988), Walter M. Brasch quotes Dr. Charles Press, professor of political science at Michigan State University. Press, the author of a book titled, The Political Cartoon, describes Zim's work as…
…the kind of comic art where the last panel shows someone's feet up in the air with the big word "plop!" It is at its most typical, characteristic of "correspondence school art." The artist simplifies by offering clichés– "here is the way you draw a shoe, here is the way you draw an ear." The clichés extend beyond the characters as well. Not only are the Jew and the Black drawn as stereotypes, but so are the English gentleman, etc. They all look like figures out of an unimaginative central casting.
Brasch attempts to explain why Zim has been forgotten…
By holding minorities up to ridicule, Zim had held all Americans up to ridicule– the minorities for the comic humor, the others for having allowed it. In an effort to cleanse a nation's history, perhaps America deliberately tried to bury its past– and that included all art by all writers who used the stereotypes, even if much of their work was nonracist.
It's obvious why critics and historians have swept Zim under the rug— they see only the ethnic gags on the surface of Zim's cartoons. They don't see the keen observation, artful exaggeration and underlying humanity that makes a Zim cartoon so much more than just a simple joke based on racial differences. This is understandable for a historian whose principle focus is on social issues. But the surprising thing is that most artists and cartoonists have forgotten about Zim as well.
Overviews of the history of cartooning routinely begin with Wilhelm Busch and Thomas Nast in the 1860s, then jump forward to the introduction of newspaper comics with Outcault's "The Yellow Kid" thirty years later. The decades between yawn like a black hole in the timeline. One might be led to believe that nothing much of importance took place in the interim. But the truth of the matter is, there were many great cartoonists and illustrators who lived and worked during that forgotten time— Joseph Keppler, A. B. Frost, Frederick Opper, Bernhard Gillam, James Montgomery Flagg, T. S. Sullivant and Eugene Zimmerman. These artists laid the foundation for everything that followed.
I first encountered Zim's art in a bound volume of Judge magazines dating from shortly before the United States entered World War I. By this time, Zim had already left the Judge staff to work freelance from his home in Horseheads, NY and his contribution to the magazine was minimal. His cartoons consisted of tiny characters slipped into the margins of the columns, much like Sergio Aragones' doodles in Mad magazine many decades later. But even tiny and simplified, the vitality of his characters leapt off the page at me. It was clear that here was an artist worth investigating.
I began combing the online resources and used bookstores, but it was difficult to find information. However, when I mentioned Zim to my friend, Ralph Bakshi, his voice boomed through the telephone— "ZIM! Ha! Ha! You found Zim! I was keeping him as my secret!" Ralph explained that he had stumbled across a copy of Zim's cartooning course in the late 1960s, and kept it close at hand as he created his first few animated features— Fritz the Cat (1972), Heavy Traffic (1973), and most importantly, Coonskin (1975). Ralph had kept his interest in Zim to himself all those years, but now he enthusiastically shared his thoughts with me, and allowed me to digitize rare material from his library. The puzzle pieces began to come together to reveal the true genius of this overlooked master of the art of caricature.
Caricature consists of equal parts observation and exaggeration. Zim was adept at both. In his autobiography, Zim tells a story about one of his outings to find subjects to caricature…
When the instantaneous camera was invented, the Judge Company bought one as an experiment, or perhaps took it in exchange for advertising. It was in the form of a stiff false vest front covered with suiting, at the time fancy vests were in vogue. The camera was a flat, nickel-plated circular affair with a revolving plate capable of holding eight pictures and which operated automatically when the shutter closed. It was intended as a detective camera. You could approach a person and, with one hand in your trousers pocket, pull a string which led into the pocket, operating the shutter.
Hamilton and I were slumming for character studies one day and experimenting with the new little plaything. The first human to strike our fancy was an aged woman scavenger whose upper part was buried in a barrel of rubbish, with the rear elevation conspicuously aimed at us. After taking a couple of preliminary shots, we desired a study of the face as well, so Hamilton told me to get ready, and let out a tremendous yell. The woman jumped clear of the barrel. I pulled the string, got her face and quickly left the neighborhood, followed by a whole paragraph of the most exquisite profanity that ever warbled from the throat of a filthy bird.
The level of specificity of detail in the clothing, architecture and attitudes of the characters in Zim's cartoons reveal that he wasn't just recycling clichés or stereotypes, he was drawing upon keen observation of the world he saw around him. Then, as now, the most exaggerated and interesting characters resided in the poorer neighborhoods, and in the 1890s, New York City contained a particularly wide palette of character types to study.
Before Zim entered the scene, caricature was reserved for the powerful and well-to-do. The cartoons in Life magazine featured men in tuxedos and top hats and women seated on sofas in palatial sitting rooms. All of the humor was contained in the caption, and the formulaic artwork was based more on an abstract concept of "good taste" than it was on anything remotely real. Puck magazine generally focused on politicians and public figures, taking a hard-hitting approach to current events. But Zim looked to the common man for inspiration. His work reflected the dynamic nature of the American melting pot better than any other artist of his day.
Zim exaggerated the ethnic differences he saw in the Irish, Black, Jewish and other immigrant neighborhoods of New York, but he didn't just apply a stereotypical formula to his caricatures. Looking at Zim's detailed images of everyday life among the various ethnic groups, one is struck by the amount of individuality among the characters. Each person is a unique personality, exaggerated to enhance his own peculiar characteristics.
There is an important distinction to be made between clichéd stereoptyping of ethnic groups and the sort of observational caricature that Zim excelled at— the difference is honesty. Although the gags and dialogue occasionally strayed into routine formulas, Zim's drawings never did. In his cartooning course, Zim spoke about the constraints sometimes placed upon him by the editorial staff…
An artist is not always the father of the joke attached to his drawing. Very often, an art editor accepts an idea or suggestion which is without a picture; thus the artist is requested to make a drawing to correspond with the idea. Now it may happen that the art editor and the artist differ in their conception of humor and inasmuch as the art editor's opinion predominates in this case, the artist proceeds to illustrate the joke as directed.
The general public, while not aware of these facts, lays all the blame on the artist, and the artist must cheerfully accept the public's condemnation. It has been my custom in such cases to insert a lot of interesting detail to make the drawing as catchy as possible, in order to hide the inferior quality of the joke.
A likely example of this sort of thing is a cartoon from the January 1896 issue of Judge's Library. A black couple out for a night on the town are shown "under the gaslight" on 27th street…
Armand (who has just proposed)— "Pore liddle honey,
yo' looks blue! I's 'fraid yo's cold."
Pauline— "Dat ain't cold, Gawge. Dat's blushes!"
Zim makes no attempt to literally illustrate the gag— there is no blue cast to the blush on the girl's cheeks. Instead, he pours all of his powers into capturing a moment. The boy, a dandy, has a cane tucked casually in his pocket and a hat perched on his head at a jaunty angle. His body is posed in such a way that we can discern the proud way he walks. The girl looks up to him shyly with an admiring glance out of the corner of her eye. The wind blows through her skirt, and the boy's hand wraps around the girl's waist holding her close.
But the most interesting detail isn't obvious on first glance… the boy's trousers are decorated with an American flag. Cartoonists at this time didn't treat the flag lightly— its use served a specific purpose. Zim is depicting this Black couple as a typical American boy and girl out on a date. When you consider that Blacks had been slaves just few decades before, this simple image takes on a wider significance. Zim's cartoon documents how Blacks at the time were making their first entry into mainstream American society. The silly gag sits below the frame in the dialogue, completely irrelevant to Zim's eloquent image.
Zim didn't ridicule his subjects; he caricatured them. The point of caricature is to use humor and exaggeration to illuminate truth. The fact that he made fun of so many types of people reveals that he held no special animosity against any particular group. He poked fun at everyone equally. And although he exaggerated the surface differences between people, he always kept his focus on portraying the essential truth at the core of his caricature.
In his last "how to" cartooning book, How To Draw Funny Pictures (1928), Zim sums up his philosophy of caricature like this…
When you see a haughty person, do not be deceived into believing that it is some great man or famous woman out for a walk. More likely it is some fickle waitress or a pool hall loafer who won $3.00 in a crap game or inherited $47.60 from a dead aunt. Or possibly it may be some haughty clerk out showing off the latest dollar-down-and-dollar-a-week clothing. The really great are never haughty. My work and travels have brought me into contact with the great and near-great in all lines of endeavor— presidents and movie actors, authors and artists, Buffalo Bill and Bryan, Edison and Lindbergh— they were all hearty and unassuming.
Greatness makes one tolerant. Great men are not ashamed to stop on the street and talk to the man in overalls. They recognize the bond of friendship between the common people and themselves. The social sheik who feels above talking to a mere laborer is fooling only himself.
Take this little sermon to heart and treat every man as your equal; it will help you to get ahead. How truly the Bible says, "The greatest among you shall be the servant of all."
In our "politically correct" times, it is easy to look at the surface details of Zim's cartoons and miss the humanity that courses through them just under the surface. Zim's Correspondence School of Cartooning, Comic Art & Caricature is more than just lessons in how to draw. It's a philosophy of what it means to be a cartoonist.
My purpose for compiling this book is to serve two purposes… First, I want to shine a spotlight on a forgotten artist whose work helped to lay the foundation for the whole history of cartooning. Secondly, I want to encourage current artists to consider Zim's philosophy and apply his keenly observed honesty to their own work.
I would like to thank Ralph Bakshi, the Horseheads Historical Society, and the dedicated crew of volunteers at the Animation Resources for their invaluable assistance. I hope you find this book to be useful.
Stephen Worth
Director, Animation Resources
March, 2009
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SOLZ shoes are ultra-lightweight, flexible casual shoes. They can be bent, folded, and rolled up, and are designed to move naturally with your feet as you walk. They are weather and water friendly and are all machine washable. Each pair comes with a matching ballistic nylon clip-on "capsule" bag.
SOLZ Matte Black shoes feature SOLZ' limited edition snake logo on men's sizes and apple logo on women's while supplies last.
(Please note that SOLZ are flexible and come in only full sizes and are made to be worn without socks. If you are a half size or plan to wear with thick socks, we recommend going to the full size above.)

subset: commoncrawl


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Phil Noto's fine art prints and comic book illustrations have a very nice aesthetic reflecting his past experience at Walt Disney Animation. His sexy vintage spy girls can be bought as prints on his website or you can try to pickup his out of print book 'Jet Seven'.
"While attending the Ringling School of Design, Phil Noto began his career as an intern at Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida. After two more years of illustration study, he returned to Disney Animation as a clean-up artist. His credits there include The Lion King, Pocahontas, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Mulan, and Lilo and Stitch."
Visit: http://www.notoart.com/
All images copyright Phil Noto and respective clients.


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5 Ways to Prepare Personal Finance Before Critical Illness Happens
No one wants to get sick, but the fact of the matter is as we grow older our bodies become more susceptible to serious and chronic illnesses. Depending on how we lived, where we lived, our genetic disposition and sometimes plain old luck, a good portion of the population eventually deals with a serious illness after age 50.
Thankfully, due to modern medicine and technology, we're able to live much longer than our grandparents from only 40 years ago, but with that advancement comes a cost, literally. The price of medical cures and treatment have grown astronomically, and in many situations, the cure can financially be much worse than the original sickness one came down with. Many seniors and even older working persons face the very real possibility that an illness can wipe out all their savings and even push a person to bankruptcy when the treatment costs hit. That said, there are things one can do to lessen or potentially avoid the hit before the illness occurs:
1. Health Insurance
A solid, comprehensive health insurance plan is a must. If still working, your employer is probably providing for that plan as part of your benefits, but you want to research and confirm how to take it with you at retirement. All of us are required to shift to Medicare at age certain, so you want to research how your plan or options transform when the Medicare change occurs as well.1 In any case, insurance is a must and the primary safety net to offset most costs. Keep in mind though, it won't cover everything and may limit treatments that might otherwise be more effective.
2. Long Term Care Insurance
If you have the option to sign up for LTC, do it. This is a true contingency health plan, as many may never have a need to call on LTC support. However, this coverage provides for care and support outside the initial treatment which is often needed and filled in by family because nobody can afford a nurse's cost up front.2 For critical accidents and illnesses that may make a person incapacitated for a long time, this is a second critical piece in the financial puzzle folks can secure when younger and costs far less now to maintain than trying to sign up when older. And here's an added benefit: the costs of LTC may be tax-deductible!3
3. A Health Savings Account
The HSA is a tax-shelter that allows you to take pre-tax money each year and save it for medical expenses.4 If the expenses are valid, the HSA money saved goes directly to covering out-of-pocket costs from co-pays to pharmaceuticals. This is a key tool people need to utilize when dealing with the gap between out-of-pocket amounts and when Medicare kicks in coverage each year.5
4. Workplace Disability and Social Security Benefits
If an illness makes you disabled, you are entitled to a specific government and employer-paid benefits, so use them.6 Many people don't, feeling embarrassed that somehow they become a welfare recipient. This is baloney. You paid for these benefits out of your payroll withholding, so you have every right to claim these funds when you're sick and been fully employed.7
5. Save, Save and Save Some More
Plain old cash savings and investments are the glue and gap-filler that gives you the ability to deal with all the miscellaneous costs that come up when being sick. And it prevents you from having to raid your retirement accounts for the same. Just saving regularly for 30 or 40 years builds a nice nest egg and safety net that you are in full control of. And despite all the above, there will still be illness expenses that get through. You don't want those to go on a credit card, the common debt-creating alternative most people use in a panic.
Illness and sickness happen; it's part of our human function as our bodies get older. But you don't have to be a train wreck financially when it is time for treatment. Do just the five tips above, and you've fought half the battle before your sickness ever shows up in that first doctor's visit.
1 https://www.medicare.gov/sign-up-change-plans/how-do-i-get-parts-a-b/part-a-part-b-sign-up-periods
2 https://fox13now.com/2018/11/16/booming-forward-long-term-care-insurance/
3 https://www.thinkadvisor.com/2018/11/19/irs-issues-new-tax-deductibility-limits-for-long-t/?slreturn=20181115133119
4 https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertfarrington/2018/12/12/health-savings-account-hsa/#33d0c0d31246
5 https://www.medicare.gov/your-medicare-costs/medicare-costs-at-a-glance
6 https://www.kiplinger.com/article/insurance/T020-C032-S014-how-gig-workers-can-get-disability-coverage.html
7 https://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/story/money/2018/12/08/understanding-social-security-benefits/2256180002/
This content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information, and provided by Twenty Over Ten. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security.


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We LOVE planning parties, especially baby showers! It's so special and important to shower that mama-to-be with lots of love and thoughtful details. I was honored to co-host with 2 fabulous ladies, Dara and Emily, friends of the guest of honor, Leeron. It will be the second boy for Leeron, but we didn't want to go all blue blue blue. We went with white, neutrals, and pops of mint and sage green.
Lauren of Rock Paper Scissors designed the invitation, and I really went off of that for decor. It always starts with the invitation for me! The big letter "R" is just a paper mache letter from the craft store… use painters tape to mask off a straight line, paint, and remove tape.
Diagonals, squares, and triangles mixed with all white flowers and live moss made for a simple and pretty party!
The drink tags were my fav! Guests remembered which drink was theirs by the baby picture of the mama and pop-to-be and the color tag. Leeron's amazing husband, Matt, secretly emailed me their baby pics, I changed them to black and white in photoshop and cropped to a square. Just punch a hole in the corner of the picture and the colored square and tie with string. The color tag was nice so that you didn't have to have a different baby pic for each guests. Just use different colors for each pic. Leeron was so surprised (and immediately removed that one embarrassing photo from her tween years)!
Use painters tape to mask off a diagonal line. Paint and remove tape when dry! Super simple!
Every baby shower needs a diaper cake, right? See our TUTORIAL HERE. I used double stick tape to add on the triangles of leftover scraps from the garlands to keep that geo-mod vibe.
Cake topper by Rock Paper Scissors to match the invite.
Every party needs Campfire Crispies, especially a baby shower when you can be punny and say "She's about to POP!" These were SO. GOOD. Fluffernutter flavor: toasted marshmallow and peanut butter with a white chocolate peanut butter coating. Droooool. Order HERE.
And of course us being us, we needed a tattoo station with the party's hashtag (from our little shop HERE)!
Here's the actual party! It was at night, so I took the photos above so you could see the details!
The simplest projects make the biggest impact. Jenni and I have done these live moss letters several times. Simply cut the tops of paper mache letters you can find in any craft store, and stuff with live moss from your florist!
Even though Leeron couldn't enjoy it, we all loved the signature cocktail "The Leeroni".
Hostesses with the mostesses: Dara, me, Leeron, Emily
The gorgeous and glowing mama-to-be, Leeron!
Loved throwing this baby shower for a very deserving mama!!!


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This image shows clouds and one of the many storm fronts common in the north polar region during spring and early summer. Note the linear nature of the clouds towards the top of the image, and the appearance of a large crater barely visible beneath the cloud cover.
Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 75, Longitude 194 East (166 West). 40 meter/pixel resolution.
Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.


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Songs Offer Messages Of Hope At Sandy Benefit Show
New Jersey's Jon Bon Jovi gave extra meaning to "Who Says You Can't Go Home." Billy Joel worked in a reference to Staten Island, the decimated New York City borough. The hourlong event, hosted by Matt Lauer, was heavy on stars and lyrics identified with New Jersey and the New York metropolitan area, which took the brunt of this week's deadly storm. The telethon was a mix of music, storm footage and calls for donations from Jon Stewart, Tina Fey, Whoopi Goldberg and others.
The mood was somber but hopeful, from Christina Aguilera's "Beautiful" to Bon Jovi's "Livin' on a Prayer" and a tearful Mary J. Blige's "The Living Proof," her ballad of resilience with the timely declaration that "the worst is over/I can start living now." Joel rocked out with "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)," a song born from crisis, New York City's near bankruptcy in the 1970s, while Jimmy Fallon endured a faulty microphone and gamely led an all-star performance of the Drifters' "Under the Boardwalk" that featured Joel, Bruce Springsteen and Steven Tyler. The Aerosmith frontman then sat behind a piano and gave his all on a strained but deeply emotional "Dream On." Sting was equally passionate during an acoustic, muscular version of The Police hit "Message In a Bottle" and its promise to "send an SOS to the world."
The show ended, as it only could, with Springsteen and the E Street Band, tearing into "Land Of Hope and Dreams."
"God bless New York," Springsteen, New Jersey's ageless native son, said in conclusion. "God bless the Jersey shore."
The stable of NBC Universal networks, including USA, CNBC, MSNBC, E! Entertainment, The Weather Channel and Bravo, aired the concert live from the NBC studios in Rockefeller Center in midtown Manhattan, several blocks north of where the city went days without power. Millions of people for whom the benefit was organized couldn't watch the event because they had no electricity.
NBC Universal invited other networks to televise the event, but not everyone signed on.
That might have something to do with network rivalries.
In the wake of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, the networks organized a benefit together behind the scenes and it was televised on more than 30 networks simultaneously, including all the big broadcasters.
After Hurricane Katrina, NBC televised its own benefit before the other broadcasters, one that became best known for Kanye West's off-script declaration that "George Bush doesn't care about black people." The other broadcasters cooperated on their own telethon a week later, and NBC televised that one, too.
Also this year, NBC organized and scheduled a telethon and gave others the chance to air it.
Others declined to televise Friday's telethon, even though ABC parent Walt Disney Co. said it would donate $2 million to the American Red Cross and various ABC shows will promote a "Day of Giving" on Monday. The CBS Corp., Viacom Inc., parent of "Jersey Shore" network MTV, Fox network owner News Corp. also announced big donations to the Red Cross.


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1 m = 1.1 yd
Composition: | 100% Silk |
Weight: | 40 g/m² |
Width: | 136 cm |
Country: | Italy |
Categories: | Blouses, Dresses, Skirts |
This silk georgette is designed exclusively for Tissura: terracotta field flowers set against the dark brown background. Made of pure silk, it is breathable and soft to the touch. The fabric has a slightly grainy texture and a billowing drape and is best suited for airy dresses, chic blouses and skirts infused with a vernal mood.
Italian silk fabrics are considered to be one of the best silk fabrics for a reason. Exclusive quality and exquisite design available in a wide range of textures and finishes make them number one choice for evening wear, with a variety of printed and solid silks for casual attire.
Premium silk fabrics are manufactured on high-tech equipment. Among the world's leading Italian suppliers are Taroni, Ruffo Coli, Luigi Verga. These factories offer exclusive silk cloths in a vast range of solid colors, prints and widths.
Silk georgette is a woven fabric created from twisted silk yarns. It is lightweight and semi-sheer and has a characteristic pebbly texture. Georgette resembles chiffon in drape and feel, but is a touch heavier and more opaque. This fabric has a dull face and is surprisingly durable.
Silk georgettes are available both in solid colors and in prints. They are often used for pure silk dresses and blouses, as well as skirts and other spring/summer apparel. The fabric was named after Georgette de la Plante, a French dressmaker of the early 20th century.
We offer worldwide shipping on all items in Tissura online shop. Delivery to USA, UK, UAE, Australia and rest of the world.
We accept bank transfers and payments by credit and debit cards. Learn more about our payment and delivery terms.
All fabrics on our website are priced by the running meter. The term "running meter" or "linear meter" is used in the fabric industry.
To convert meters to yards, use the conversion factor 0.9144. In other words,
1 Yard = 0.9144 Meters
1 Metre = 1.0936 Yards


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A Closer Look at the Life Insurance Waiver of Premium Benefit
A Closer Look at the Life Insurance Waiver of Premium Benefit
When purchasing life insurance, it is understandable to focus on two areas. First, of course, is the amount of benefits that will be provided to the beneficiary should death of the insured occur. This is the amount the policy owner has determined is sufficient to cover final expenses, debts and other expenses that wouldn't be covered in their absence. The second focal point would be the premium. This is the amount the policy costs either per month, quarterly or annually. If an insured, for example, can't continue to afford the premiums of a life insurance policy and it lapses due to non-payment, it would forfeit any benefits. This is why it is critical to only purchase how much insurance you can afford to maintain.
The are other benefits included in life insurance policies that are worth being aware of. One is the life insurance waiver of premium benefit. What is a "waiver of premium" and when can it be invaluable for an owner of an insurance policy? Let's take a closer look.
What is a Waiver of Premium?
A waiver of premium is a provision or rider in a life insurance policy that provides for the payments of life insurance premiums on a policy should the owner become ill, sustain a serious injury or otherwise become disabled. It simply provides that the benefits of the policy would continue to be available, even if the owner is no longer physically able to provide for premium payments.
For example, should a parent take out a policy on a child, and they become seriously injured in a car accident, premiums would be "waived" on the policy of their child. This means they could still maintain coverage of their child should a physical disability they sustain prevent them from making payments. In essence, this is like a second layer of protection. It provides for payments of the insurance premium should the owner no longer be able to work to pay for those premiums. This can be extremely valuable and extraordinarily valuable for parents and grandparents who purchase life insurance policies on their children.
To learn more about waiver of premium benefits and the other hidden benefits of life insurance, contact one of our independent insurance agents. There's a lot more to life insurance than you may realize, and we can help you discover these hidden benefits. Contact us today for a no-obligation quote.


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Beyond the Still.
With a host of features designed to enhance every facet of the photographic process, from still images to video, the EOS 7D represents an advanced class of camera. Made to be the tool of choice for serious photographers and semi-professionals, the EOS 7D features an 18.0 Megapixel APS-C size CMOS sensor and Dual DIGIC 4 Image Processors, capturing tremendous images at up to ISO 12800 and speeds of up to 8.0 fps. The EOS 7D has an all cross-type 19-point AF system with improved AI Servo AF subject tracking and user-selectable AF area selection modes for sharp focus no matter the situation. The EOS 7D's Intelligent Viewfinder provides 100% coverage and displays user-selected AF modes as well as a spot metering circle and on-demand grid lines. iFCL Metering with 63-zone dual-layer metering system uses both focus and color information to provide accurate exposure even in difficult lighting. The EOS 7D also captures Full HD video at 30p (29.97 fps), 24p (23.976 fps) and 25p with an array of manual controls, including manual exposure during video shooting and ISO speed selection. The EOS 7D features a magnesium alloy body that is dust and weather resistant and shutter durability of up to 150,000 cycles. Compatible with over 60 EF and EF-S lenses as well as with EOS System accessories, the creative opportunities — not just with stills but also with video — are beyond amazement.
Since its introduction, the Canon EOS 7D has become one of the most popular APS-C EOS DSLRs among serious photographers and semi-professionals. Now, Canon is giving the EOS 7D an exciting upgrade with new Firmware Version 2.0.X! With Firmware Version 2.0.X, the EOS 7D gains a multitude of feature enhancements for higher performance befitting the flagship APS-C EOS. These improvements include a higher maximum burst rate (130* for JPEG Large/Fine and 25* RAW images) for continuous shooting, definable maximum limit for ISO Auto, compatibility with the GPS Receiver GP-E2, and manual audio level adjustment. Additional upgrades also include faster scrolling of magnified images, quick control during playback, in-camera RAW image processing, JPEG image resizing and ratings, plus customization of file names and time zone settings. These significant enhancements are a sure-fire way to make an amazing camera even better than ever before!
© 2024 Canon U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. |


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LANSING — Gov. Gretchen Whitmer on Thursday ordered a "whole-of-government" response to elevated levels of lead in tap water in the southwestern Michigan city of Benton Harbor and vowed to accelerate the replacement of its lead pipes.
Her directive that state agencies ensure Benton Harbor residents have safe tap water came about a week after her administration — amid criticism of state and local officials' handling of the response — urged people to use only bottled water for cooking and drinking. The crisis is reminiscent of Flint, which became a symbol of the nation's decaying water infrastructure and government mismanagement.
The Democratic governor on Thursday also committed to replacing lead pipes within 18 months, accelerating what had been a five-year timeline announced more than a month ago.
"This whole-of-government response will proceed with the urgency and haste this threat demands," Whitmer wrote in the order, which mandates that residents receive free or low-cost lead-related services, including health care.
Benton Harbor, a predominantly Black and mostly low-income community of 9,700, is in Berrien County, 100 miles (160 kilometers) from Chicago.
For three years, measurements have detected lead levels well above 15 parts per billion, the federal threshold for taking action. Following the 2014-15 Flint water crisis, Michigan put in place the nation's strongest lead-in-water regulations. But advocacy groups, including the Benton Harbor Community Water Council, recently urged the Biden administration to help — alleging that city and state actions, including corrosion-control measures, had been poorly implemented and ineffective.
"This is what we've been waiting for — an 'all-hands-on-deck' approach to fix the lead contamination crisis in Benton Harbor," the Rev. Edward Pinkney, president of the Benton Harbor Community Water Council, said in a written statement.
Lead is considered harmful at any level, and children are particularly vulnerable because it can slow growth and result in learning and behavior problems.
Top state officials, including Lt. Gov. Garlin Gilchrist II and health director Elizabeth Hertel, were in Benton Harbor Thursday to announce the response plan, alongside Mayor Marcus Muhammad and Black church leaders.
Republicans, including one seeking to run against her in 2022, criticized the governor for not attending the news conference and accused her of waiting too long to act.
"Whitmer and her administration's inaction in addressing this issue is yet another failed promise to add to the growing list and this one comes with catastrophic implications for the residents of Benton Harbor," said Gustavo Portela, spokesman for the state GOP.
Whitmer's directive says residents must continue to have access to free bottled water indefinitely. State officials must provide residents with clear, up-to-date information about the harmful effects of lead exposure, the replacement of lead service lines and lead data results.
Households with children or pregnant women who are eligible for Medicaid can receive a free investigation of and abatement of lead hazards within the home.
Whitmer's predecessor, Republican Rick Snyder, faces criminal charges over the crisis in Flint, where managers he appointed switched the water source to save money and the city followed state regulators' bad advice not to apply anti-corrosive treatments.


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Home / All / Furniture / Dining Room Furniture /
classic gold parquet dinner table chairs royal villa dinning decor wooden furniture set
classic gold parquet dinner table chairs royal villa dinning decor wooden furniture set
Categories | Dining Room Furniture |
Brand | PFM Villa Fit-out solution |
Brand Name: | royal wooden dinner table |
Type: | Classic |
Uessage: | Villa, palace, hotel, apartment dining room decor |
Material: | Solid wood |
Lead Time: | About 20 days |
Sample: | Material sample for free |
Service: | OEM, After-sales service |
Shipping | By Sea Container |
Payment Term: | 30% deposite by TT |
FOB port | GUANGZHOU |
Terms of Payment | L/C, D/A, D/P, Western Union |
Update Time | Jul 22,2024 |
Detail Information
The category of furniture can be divided into four areas, you can click the image to see more types of furniture.
If you like any furniture style, but don't know how to match with your house and each space, PFM can provide different proposals.
As long as you need, PFM can help you customize.
Exquisite products come out by hand carving,the experience of our carving master reach as long as 20 years. The quality is guaranteed.
Creating real high-end luxury by pure gold leaf.
Below are two popular furniture styles for your reference. More customized styles are welcomed.
丨 Royal Furniture Type
丨 Luxury Furniture Type
Promising FLooring Material Ltd. is provider of villa decoration solution, which includes design, material solutions, shipment and installation. We had served clients from 119 countries, including 3 presidents and more than 5 royal families'villas.
PFM specilaizes in completely turnkey solutions for luxury villa, palace and residential projects. We can assist you from concept design to 3D design, and provide all materials, arrange shipment and installation.
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We can provide design from to exterior clading to interior floor&wall as well as other else.
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After design, PFM can provides interior and exterior decoration materials.
③ Furniture Decoration Supply
PFM can provide soft decoration products : furniture, chandelier, carpet, curtain etc.
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We can help you arrange the shipment to the port of destination.
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We have a professional installation team, if you need, our installation team can help you.
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Lawsuits can go either way in court, as this plaintiff discovered when she lost her case.
"While there are many reasons to file a lawsuit under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), those reasons must be valid when tested by the courts. If they are not, the plaintiff may lose his case. This is what happened in Samper v. Providence St. Vincent Med. Ctr., 9th Cir., 4/11/12," said Timothy Coffey, a Chicago employment lawyer and principal attorney for The Coffey Law Office, P. C., an employment litigation firm dedicated to representing employees in the workplace.
In Samper, the plaintiff neonatal intensive care nurse was a fibromyalgia sufferer, experiencing chronic pain and an inability to sleep soundly or restfully. Her unplanned absences from work were more than allowed, according to the terms of her job description. In working with the nurse to try and accommodate her medical issues, the hospital agreed to a very flexible schedule that would allow her to move her shift, should she be having a bad fibromyalgia symptom day.
Even with the new very flexible shift arrangement, her rate of attendance in the workplace did not get any better, so the hospital fired her. The nurse chose to sue the employer under the ADA, alleging they did not offer her reasonable accommodation, as outlined in the ADA. The hospital's defense was that, while they did acknowledge she was disabled, they did not feel that an open-ended pass to be absent for work was reasonable, not in a job such as working in the neonatal intensive care unit, where her physical presence as essential.
If the worker was not present at the hospital in the neonatal intensive care unit, then she could not perform her job, whether she had a flexible schedule or not. Since that was the case, and that the nurse could not do her work at home, she should not be considered a qualified individual protected under the auspices of the ADA.
"When this case got to court, the legal question of the day was whether or not showing up for work on a predictable basis was essential. The decision was that a nurse in the intensive care unit must be in attendance, not only because it was essential, but because it was a matter of life or death. The defendant won this case," said Coffey.
Not all cases that go to court win, and there is a valuable lesson inherent in this case. Predictably showing up for work is essential, or a job cannot be done. This fact must be a part of the job description, to be fair to employees by outlining everything expected of them. Additionally, the employer must make an effort to offer reasonable accommodations for a worker. This hospital made a significant accommodation for this nurse, but she wanted that to exempt her from the very essential nature of the job: being in regular attendance. This means it was not afforded protection under the ADA.
Timothy J. Coffey is a Chicago employment lawyer with, and owner of, The Coffey Law Office, P.C., a Chicago employment litigation firm. To learn more, visit https://employmentlawcounsel.clmcloud.app


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Tongue piercing may cause gapped teeth
Mark this one down as a parental nightmare.
First, your child gets her tongue pierced. Then, as if you needed something else, she starts "playing" with the tiny barbell-shaped stud, pushing it against her upper front teeth. And before you know it, she forces a gap between those teeth -- a fraction-of-an-inch gap that may cost thousands of dollars in orthodontic bills to straighten.
How and why this happens has been documented in a case study by University at Buffalo researchers published in the July issue of the Journal of Clinical Orthodontics.
"It is a basic tenet of orthodontic that force, over time, moves teeth," explains the study's primary investigator, Sawsan Tabbaa, DDS, MS, assistant professor of orthodontics at the UB School of Dental Medicine.
Tabbaa notes that a previous UB dental school survey study of Buffalo high school students revealed that the presence of a barbell implant/stud caused a damaging habit whereby subjects pushed the metal stud up against and between their upper front teeth, a habit commonly referred to among the students as "playing."
"And it happened in very high percent of the cases," said Tabbaa.
That repeated "playing" with the stud may result in a gap as is demonstrated in Tabbaa's current case study.
The study involved a 26- year-old female patient examined at UB's orthodontic clinic who complained that a large space had developed between her upper central incisors or upper front teeth. The patient also had a tongue piercing that held a barbell-shaped tongue stud.
The tongue was pierced seven years earlier and every day for seven years she had pushed the stud between her upper front teeth, creating the space between them and, subsequently, habitually placing it in the space. The patient did not have a space between her upper front teeth prior to the tongue piercing.
"The barbell is never removed because the tongue is so vascular that leaving the stud out can result in healing of the opening in the tongue, said Tabbaa, "so it makes perfect sense that constant pushing of the stud against the teeth -- every day with no break -- will move them or drive them apart."
The patient provided the research team with photos that demonstrated she had no diastema, or space, prior to having her tongue pierced. For the purposes of treating this patient's space, it was assumed that positioning of the tongue stud between the maxillary central incisors or "playing" caused the midline space.
Her treatment involved a fixed braces appliance to push the front teeth back together.
Tongue piercing can result in serious injury not just to teeth but has also been associated with hemorrhage, infection, chipped and fractured teeth, trauma to the gums and, in the worst cases, brain abscess, said Tabbaa.
"The best way to protect your health, your teeth and your money is to avoid tongue piercing."


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Confucius' grandson comments about the Way and human nature. Tr. Legge (en)
The way which the superior man pursues, reaches wide and far, and yet is secret.
Legge XII.1.
Common men and women, however ignorant, may intermeddle with the knowledge of it; yet in its utmost reaches, there is that which even the sage does not know. Common men and women, however much below the ordinary standard of character, can carry it into practice; yet in its utmost reaches, there is that which even the sage is not able to carry into practice. Great as heaven and earth are, men still find some things in them with which to be dissatisfied. Thus it is that, were the superior man to speak of his way in all its greatness, nothing in the world would be found able to embrace it, and were he to speak of it in its minuteness, nothing in the world would be found able to split it.
Legge XII.2.
It is said in the Book of Poetry, "The hawk flies up to heaven; the fishes leap in the deep." This expresses how this way is seen above and below.
Legge XII.3.
The way of the superior man may be found, in its simple elements, in the intercourse of common men and women; but in its utmost reaches, it shines brightly through heaven and earth.
Legge XII.4.
The twelfth chapter above contains the words of Tsze-sze, and is designed to illustrate what is said in the first chapter, that "The path may not be left." In the eight chapters which follow, he quotes, in a miscellaneous way, the words of confucius to illustrate it.
Legge XII.c.
The Doctrine of the Mean – Zhongyong XII – Chinese on/off – Français/English
Alias Zhong Yong, Chung Yung, Tchong Yong, The Unwobbling Pivot (Pound), La Régulation à usage ordinaire (Jullien).
The Book of Odes, The Analects, Great Learning, Doctrine of the Mean, Three-characters book, The Book of Changes, The Way and its Power, 300 Tang Poems, The Art of War, Thirty-Six Strategies
Welcome, help, notes, introduction, table.
Index – Contact – Top


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Hey there, I've been doing good. I just had a BB VIP shoot with Ameila and Forrest and had so much fun. I can't wait to see the photos! I adore Amelia and Forrest.
HEY "RUBY",..... ':-) I Just Got back in to BB after being Gone the past yr',.. I Lost my Computer last summer, so I've not been back in on the *NET* for a while, Hope your doing well, You do know "Facebook" Closed all my last two, three accounts Right?... Hope to catch back up with you soon, OK???... Bye'.... "D".
I'm in da HoUsE! ;-) Hey Ruby, how are you?
Glad you found it informative. I put people under no illusion. It does bloody hurt. You have no concept of how painful something can get until you have your skin sliced off. I have toyed with the idea of getting one of my tattoos turned into a scar, as I wanted it to look like a scar in the first place. (It is the Werewolf: The Apocalypse "Abomination" glyph)
Did you see my description of my body modification?
yo ruby! no doubt about it - i'm still aLive and i returned! i'm now back home! -Dario
Hay its been a long time... Im fine i guess just been dealing with some relationship issues ... im trying to get my life together and settle down but its kinda hard sometimes with the way people all seem to act i find my self asking if its all worth while... well i hope u have been doing better then me... hope to hear from you soon. love your friend Gabriel the angel
Thank you Glad you like my new work! Yeahhh Scream Queen Bitches in the Haus
I've been keeping it moist definitely, clean...eh. It's sealed over now it seems, and I really don't get infections...like...ever o_O and thank you ;D that's one of my favorite pieces of art by Luke Chueh :3
Thank you so much, me too haha. It's seeming like so much trouble right now @_@ I'm terribly lazy :/
chick in charge
Smut Peddler
Senior Member
RedHead Admirer Supreme!
The Emo Ball
Dead Agent


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Japanese Beginners A (T2000)
15 credits, Level 3 (sub-degree)
Autumn teaching
This acts as an introduction if you have little or no prior knowledge of the target language (TL).
This module:
- enables you to understand basic information and communicate effectively in the TL, in everyday situations at an elementary level
- provides opportunities across general topics for practising the four language skills of listening, reading, speaking and writing, at an elementary level
- introduces fundamental elements of the TL language structures, vocabulary, syntax and pronunciation, and provides a solid foundation for progression in the TL
- introduces the background culture of the TL through various activities and text, audio, audio-visual and digital material.
This module is equivalent to level A1 (basic user) of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) for Languages.
100%: Seminar (Class, Seminar)
100%: Coursework (Oral examination, Test)
Contact hours and workload
This module is approximately 150 hours of work. This breaks down into about 44 hours of contact time and about 106 hours of independent study. The University may make minor variations to the contact hours for operational reasons, including timetabling requirements.
We regularly review our modules to incorporate student feedback, staff expertise, as well as the latest research and teaching methodology. We're planning to run these modules in the academic year 2024/25. However, there may be changes to these modules in response to feedback, staff availability, student demand or updates to our curriculum. We'll make sure to let you know of any material changes to modules at the earliest opportunity.
This module is offered on the following courses:
- Anthropology with a Language BA
- Arts and Humanities (with a foundation year) BA
- Business, Management and Economics (with a foundation year) BSc
- Design and Business (with a foundation year) BSc
- Drama with a Language BA
- Geography with a Language BA
- International Development with a Language BA
- International Relations with a Language BA
- Law with a Language LLB
- Mathematics (with a foundation year) BSc
- Psychology (with a foundation year) BSc
- Social Sciences (with a foundation year) BA
- Sociology with a Language BA


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As a new transplant to Boston, I can complain about the heat and humidity. Silently. In my head. I don't dare say anything negative about this sunshine to the folks here who endured last winter's 110 inches of snow.
But it is hot and muggy and sticky right now and all I want to eat is cold beer.
Since that, for various reasons, is a bad idea, the next best option is to only serve my family foods that are either cold, crunchy or both. And walk around town with ice packs tucked into my bra. (Yes, I did.)
Here's some of what we had today.
Green smoothies are a morning staple in our home. Mine usually contain:
-kale or spinach
-fruit, such as a frozen banana, pineapple, an orange or berries. (Mango is delicious, but Magpie and J are allergic to it, so it's a sometimes treat.)
-parsley or cilantro
-a small chunk of ginger
-a squeeze of lime
-and then I sprinkle hemp seeds on top
For the girls, I usually stick with spinach/kale and two fruits.
Blend it up in the Vitamix (I will have to proselytize about that sweet machine in a future post) and drink up your morning salad. You will feel so good all morning long, you'll forget to put ice packs in your undies.
For dinner tonight we ate a what's-on-the-verge-of-going-bad salad. I hesitate to include a list of ingredients here because the point really is to just chop up whatever is in your fridge, but you can trust that this combination tasted great:
-Red leaf lettuce
-Romaine lettuce
-Avocado (sprinkled with sea salt, then scooped out in bite-size moons with a spoon)
-Roasted eggplant "chips"
To make the eggplant chips, I sliced a Japanese eggplant into 1/4-inch thick rounds, tossed them with olive oil and salt, and then roasted them in the oven at 350 degrees for about 25 minutes.
My go-to salad dressing is always this:
-Pour into a jam jar 1 part balsamic vinegar and 2 parts olive oil.
-Add a squeeze of grainy mustard, a squeeze of honey, a pinch of salt and some finely chopped garlic.
-Shake-uh-shake-uh-shake-uh the jar (lid on, of course).
The girls will eat my honey-mustard-balsamic just fine, but they are 7 and 10 years old so they still prefer ranch dressing. I always follow this vegan ranch recipe when I feel like appeasing them.
Is dinner in your home this exciting?
Finally ... dessert.
One of my favorite things about our new life as 41-year-old college students is that we live in a giant building with hundreds of other middle-aged college students. Frequently, they must move away, and just as we desperately gave away items that didn't fit in our Uhaul when we left Washington a month ago, our neighbors often leave items in the lobby they no longer need.
As I was heading out for a run a few mornings ago, I spied a Cuisinart ice cream maker near the mailboxes. My sneakers turned me right around so I could bring that baby back upstairs to its new home.
We followed The Kitchn's recipe for vegan coconut ice cream tonight and it turned out great. We added pecans and chocolate chips to the base recipe. The recipe calls for 1/2 cup of agave, which I think is way too much (evidence: Magpie just crawled out of bed with a tummy ache). With the chocolate chips in there, you probably could skip the sweetener altogether.
Of course, it was still delicious. And cold, which was the whole point anyway, right?
P.S. You might have noticed all the "vegan this" and "vegan that." I'd say we eat about 90 percent vegan these days. I made the switch last March after watching the documentary Vegucated, and I've been irritating friends and family about it ever since. I'll write more about that another time, so you can be irritated, too.


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FlexTILT 3D
3D printable version of our best-selling tripod head, FlexTILT 3D is the ultimate pan & tilt solution to frame your shots easily and freely.
Step 1: Buy the parts
Contains the CNC machined aluminum parts needed for a flawless experience.
FlexTILT 3D
Step 2: Print the model
Print the model while you wait for CNC machined parts to arrive.
Recommended print settings
Tested & approved 3D printers: Ultimaker, Prusa, Zaxe, Creality, Anycubic.
I accept the license terms in order to download the model.
Download 3D Model FilePLA
%80 - %100
0.1mm - 0.15mm
Step 3: Assemble
Create a fully-finished product by combining the CNC parts and the printed parts.
See Assembly GuideWatch assembly video
Creative features in one package
FlexTILT ORTAK is the 3D printable version of our best-selling tripod head FlexTILT. It's the ultimate pan & tilt solution to frame your shots easily and freely.
NO BUTTONS. NO LOCKS. NO KNOBS. The joints on FlexTILT ORTAK use edelkrone's one-of-a-kind constant friction technology.
Gives instant height adjustment without dealing with the tripod. Easily pulls out as needed, and adjusts to the exact position you want.
Extend your camera beyond obstacles or easily setup bird's-eye-view shots.
Increase your dolly in/out range with any slider.
Unlike other camera heads, FlexTILT Head 3D can also work on flat surfaces as a camera stand without the need for legs.
Achieve precise panoramas with pan marking and lens center shifting.
Achieve precise panoramas with pan marking and lens center shifting.


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Excerpt |
PS1 data processing includes many steps to go from raw image data to the archived data products. The raw images are detrended to remove instrument signatures, and then deprojected into images in a regular grid of projection cells. These "warps" are then combined into "stacks." Various forms of point-source and extended-object photometry are performed on the warps and stacks. |
Image Removed |
Schematic of the images and analysis processing stage of the PS1 IPP pipeline, described in Magnier et al. |
The following information is taken from Magnier et al. and Waters et al., which should be cited appropriately. The starting point for the PS1 data archive is at Pan-STARRS1 data archive home page.
PS1 uses the 1.4 giga-pixel camera (see PS1 GPC1 camera) to image the sky north of declination −30 degrees. The camera detector system has 60 orthogonal transfer arrays (OTA) devices, each of which has an 8 × 8 grid of readout cells (each with 590×598 pixels). These images are reduced with the PS1 IPP pipeline. The Processing Version 3 (PV3) reduction, which all the publicly available data in this archive is based on, represents the third full reduction of the PS1 data set. The first two reductions were used internally for pipeline optimization and the development of the initial photometric and astrometric reference catalog, and are not publicly available.
For the PV3 processing, large contiguous regions were defined, and the images for all exposures within that region launched for the processing (see paper by Waters et al. for more details). The processing is divided into individual stages. The first step is the CHIP stage processing, which performs the PS1 Exposure detrending (e.g., bias subtraction, dark current correction, flat fielding, defringing, masking), as well as a single epoch photomety. Following the CHIP stage is the CAMERA stage, in which the astrometry and photometry for the entire exposure is calibrated by matching the detections against the reference catalog. This stage also performs masking updates based on the now-known positions and brightnesses of stars that create dynamic feature.
The WARP stage is the next to operate on the data, transforming the detector oriented chip stage images onto common sky oriented PS1 Warp images that have fixed sky projections. Point-source and extended source photometry is performed on these warps. When all WARP stage processing is done for the region of the sky, STACK processing is performed to construct deeper, fully populated PS1 Stack images from the set of warp images that cover that region of the sky. Source detection and photometry is performed on these stacks, which are then combined into objects (see PS1 Stack objects and photometry). Source detection and photometry is explained in more detail in the PS1 Source extraction and catalogs webpage.
Beyond the STACK stage, a series of additional stages are performed. Transient features are identified in the DIFF stage, which takes input warp and/or stack data and performs image differencing. Further photometry is performed in the STATICSKY and SKYCAL stages, which add extended source fitting to the point source photometry of objects detected in the stack images, and calibrate the results against the reference catalog. The FULLFORCE stage takes the catalog output of the skycal stage, and uses the objects detected in that to perform PS1 Forced photometry of sources on the individual warp images.
The PS1 Relative Photometric Calibration is determined by the photometric calibration algorithm of Schlafly et al. (2012), which refines the photometric calibration algorithm of Padmanabhan et al. (2008), used in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The throughput of the system is modeled with as a constant system throughput and atmospheric k-term each night. The model is determined by finding the parameters of the model that minimize the variance in flux of repeated observations of the same sources. The photometric calibration also simultaneously fits for a low resolution flat field correction vector and a trend in system throughput with PSF.
The PS1 Absolute photometric calibration combines the use of a laser diode system to accurately and precisely determine the filter bandpass edges and throughput curves (roughly to 7 A in mean effective wavelength), with the PS1 observations of HST Calspec standards.
The PS1 Astrometry is anchored with the Gaia astrometry.
align | left |
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Schematic of the images and analysis processing stage of the PS1 IPP pipeline, described in Magnier et al.


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COLUMBUS, Ohio – Women's appreciation of their bodies is only indirectly connected to their body mass index (BMI), a common health measure of weight relative to height, according to recent research.
The most powerful influence on women's appreciation of their bodies is how they believe important others view them, the study suggests. On the flip side, the more women are able to focus on the inner workings of their body – or how their bodies function and feel – rather than how they appear to others, the more they will appreciate their own bodies.
And the more a woman appreciates her body, the more likely she is to eat intuitively – responding to physical feelings of hunger and fullness rather than emotions or the mere presence of food.
"Women who focus more on how their bodies function and less on how they appear to others are going to have a healthier, more positive body image and a tendency to eat according to their bodies' needs rather than according to what society dictates," said Tracy Tylka, associate professor of psychology at Ohio State University and senior author of the study.
Other studies have suggested that about 50 percent of women appreciate their bodies. This work is geared toward examining how they arrive at their satisfaction with their bodies, and how they avoid any pitfalls that might interfere with their positive thinking.
Ultimately, the researchers say, it boils down to respect. If women are going to treat their bodies well – through nourishment, health screenings and exercise, for example – they first have to like their bodies.
"And it turns out we look to whether others accept our bodies to determine whether we appreciate them ourselves," Tylka said. "It's not our weight, but instead whether others in our social network appreciate us. That implies that people should be convinced to be less judgmental and to focus less on weight."
Tylka performed the research with former Ohio State doctoral student Casey Augustus-Horvath, who is now at the Laureate Psychiatric Clinic and Hospital in Tulsa, Okla. The study is published in the current issue of the Journal of Counseling Psychology.
Tylka has created what she calls an acceptance model, which serves as a guideline to other researchers and clinicians about the factors that influence whether women appreciate their bodies and engage in intuitive eating. She first constructed the model with input from college-age women, and expanded it in this study after surveying women between the ages of 18 and 65.
The women she surveyed were separated into three groups: emerging adult women age 18-25, early adult women age 26 to 39, and middle adult women age 40 to 65. A total of 801 women participated in the survey.
The researchers asked the women about their perceived social support from a variety of different relationships; whether they believed their bodies were accepted by people close to them as well as by society and the media; whether they focus more on how their bodies function and less on their appearance; how they felt about their own bodies; and whether they engaged in intuitive eating.
For the most part, the pathways to body appreciation and intuitive eating are the same among all adult age groups. Women who perceive that they have strong social support in turn believe that others accept their bodies. This perception empowers them to be less concerned about their physical appearance and more concerned about how their bodies function, which encourages appreciation of their own bodies and a healthful approach to eating.
But some differences also emerged in this study, especially with the addition of BMI as an influence. BMI alone was not directly associated with how women felt about their bodies.
"It was a cool finding, that BMI's association with body appreciation is mediated by how we view others' acceptance of our bodies," Tylka said. "So if women are heavy, they can have a good body image if they don't perceive that important others are trying to change their body shape or weight and instead accept them as who they are. And vice versa, if women have a low BMI, they might have a poor body image if they perceive that influential people don't accept their appearance, but not because of their weight.
"One clinical implication is to educate partners, family, friends and the media on the importance of accepting others' bodies and to stop criticizing people about their bodies and appearance."
BMI did affect eating patterns in the two older groups of women. For women age 26-65, those with a higher BMI were less likely to eat according to physical hunger and fullness cues. For the younger women, there was no relationship between BMI and intuitive eating.
"This could mean that people who are heavier feel pressure by others to lose weight so they go on a diet, taking them away from paying attention to those internal cues," Tylka said. "Perhaps, over time, women who are heavier start to mistrust their bodies, including when they are truly hungry and full."
The women in the two older age groups also were more likely to think that others didn't accept their bodies if they weighed more. Tylka said that finding suggests that the weight gain that often accompanies aging for women causes women to perceive that others do not accept their body, whether it is accurate or not.
Women age 26 to 39 were most likely to achieve body appreciation by focusing more on how their bodies function rather than how they physically appear.
"Our thinking here is that women in early adulthood are in their childbearing years, and if they take that perspective of 'look at what my body can do' with regard to having children, they're more likely to appreciate their body for more than just its appearance. But when they get past childbearing age and into middle adulthood, that appreciation is less strong," Tylka said.
Efforts by friends and family to encourage a person to lose weight often backfire, Tylka noted, because they tend to place the focus on eating according to arbitrary calorie counts and portion sizes – external cues – rather than on what the body really needs – actual internal hunger and satiety cues.
"If you're disconnected from hunger and fullness cues and someone makes you feel bad about yourself, you'll be more emotional. And if you tend to eat for emotional reasons, voilà, you're going to eat and likely gain weight," she said.
Tylka added, however, that, "We are in charge of our attitudes, ultimately. We don't want to send a message that the only thing that matters is that others accept our bodies. But others' opinions do have an impact. And we need as a society to stop judging people based on their appearance and weight."
Journal of Counseling Psychology


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Tiffany Moore is a coach, artist, change agent and magic maker who lives in the Bay Area and believes that everyone can live their happiest, most sparkly life, starting now. This year, Tiffany realized one of her dreams when she co-founded Teahouse Studio, a creative workshop space in Berkeley. You can connect with her through website, Facebook and Twitter.
I hear it from nearly everyone I know: If only I had more time, I could...
You get to fill in the blanks:
- travel more
- eat better
- exercise
- finally start {that hobby} that I've always been dreaming of
- go back to school
- start my own business
If only I had more time.
The truth is that there is only a finite amount of time that exists in the world. Each day has 24 hours. Each hour has 60 minutes. That's not going to change.
Let's revisit that list above. All of the things listed are important. They all touch on dreams, big dreams, dreams that get swept under the rug of mundane everyday life.
"But I don't have a choice," you might say - I have to work/pay the bills/take care of the kids/do chores...
Yes, you have to do that. You're right. Life happens.
Newsflash: you still get to choose and you still get to do what matters.
How? Here are three steps to really clearing out your schedule and making time for what matters:
1. Get really clear on what matters to you.
What are those scary things you're avoiding? What dreams do you have that you've been quieting for years? What is something that seems so crazy that it thrills you and terrifies you at the same time? These are pretty good clues about what matters.
2. Start small
In the beginning of trying to carve out time, starting small is key. What can you spend 10 minutes a day on? Start there, and see how it feels. After a week, you will already have spent an hour working towards your goal.
3. Turn off the TV. Or internet. Or whatever your distraction-of-choice may be
We have become a culture of information junkies. Silence is boring. But what could happen if you were alone with your thoughts for an hour a day? What might come up if you sat with silence, or let your own mind come up with something to do? I'm not a TV nazi who thinks that people shouldn't watch anything (full disclosure: I'm currently addicted to Mad Men on Netflix), but when you sit down to watch, just be aware if you're doing it mindfully and deliberately, or if you're doing it as a way to zone out, to become distracted, to take your attention away from what *really* matters.
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Anchalee Worrachate and Susanne Walker Sunday, 24 February 2013 08:04 PM EST
At a time when the bond market expects inflation to stay at about the past decade's average, the biggest buyers of government debt say they need protection from rising consumer prices as central banks focus on growth.
Pacific Investment Management Co. and Invesco Ltd. say growing central-bank tolerance of inflation means securities with interest or principal tied to consumer prices are the ones to own. Global expectations indicated by the gap between yields on so-called linkers and government bonds reached a 21-month high of 1.70 percent, Bank of America Merrill Lynch indexes show. Economists in Bloomberg surveys forecast consumer-price gains of 2.72 percent in 2013, in line with the 10-year average.
After four years of stimulating economies, central bankers are starting to see signs of accelerating growth, spurring some bond investors to prepare for a rise in yields from record lows. Index-linked securities are favored because sovereign-debt returns are being erased by what little inflation there is.
"There's an element of central banks, whether they say it or not, being more relaxed about allowing inflation to rise," Paul Mueller, a London-based fund manager at Invesco Asset Management, a unit of Invesco Ltd., which manages $713 billion, said in a telephone interview last week. "While I don't think we are going to see inflation escaping to very high levels, it does make sense to have protection."
Global Stimulus
Policy makers from the Federal Reserve to the Bank of England to the Bank of Japan pumped more than $3.5 trillion into economies to stimulate growth during the five years following the start of the deepest global slump since World War II. Global gross domestic product will expand almost 2.4 percent this year, from 2.2 percent in 2012, a Bloomberg composite of economist estimates shows, increasing speculation that inflation will also start rising.
Investors seeking insurance against future price rises have helped inflation-protected issues in developed markets outperform regular securities by 0.25 percentage points this year through Feb. 20, according to Pimco indexes. Linkers have beaten non-indexed bonds in the U.K., Japan, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Australia and New Zealand.
Securities with maturities of 10 years or more across the G-10, except Japan, are losing out to shorter-dated debt as investors demand more compensation for the risk of inflation, according to indexes compiled by Bloomberg and the European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies.
Bond Yields
U.S. Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, or TIPS, have lost 1.32 percent this year as Treasuries declined 1.3 percent, according to the Barclays U.S. Inflation-Linked Bond index and the Barclays U.S. Government Comparator Bond Index, which is adjusted to reflect the longer duration of TIPS. They returned 7.26 percent in 2012, compared with 3.3 percent for the duration-adjusted government bond index.
Yields on U.S. 10-year notes dropped last week by four basis points to 1.96 percent amid speculation the Fed's asset purchases may support bond prices, according to Bloomberg Bond Trader data. The benchmark 2 percent note due in February 2023 rose 11/32 or $3.44 per $1,000 face amount, to 100 10/32. The yield on 10-year TIPS due January 2023 dropped on the week to negative 0.57 percent.
BlackRock Picks
"One should be looking to own inflation-linked bonds rather than nominal bonds and that argument is more compelling the further out the curve you go," Martin Hegarty, the co-head of BlackRock Inc.'s inflation-linked bond funds, which holds more than $28 billion of assets, said in a telephone interview last week.
Hegarty, whose company oversees $3.8 trillion as the world's largest money manager, favors inflation-linked debt with three- to seven-year maturities in Germany, Italy and the U.K. He is also buying TIPS with maturities of one to two years, even though BlackRock doesn't anticipate any immediate jump in consumer prices unless there is a surge in energy costs.
The global break-even rate, a measure of inflation expectations, is at 1.64 percentage points, compared with a 10- year average of 1.2 percentage points and a peak of 2.14 percentage points in July 2008, Bank of America Merrill Lynch indexes show.
The break-even rate in the U.S. was as high as 2.61 percentage points this month, from 2.24 percentage points Sept. 4. It rose to 2.73 percent on Sept. 17, four days after the Fed announced an open-ended bond buying plan to keep pumping funds into the financial system, the highest since May 2006. The central bank announced the additional Treasury purchase program of $45 billion per month on Dec. 12.
'Good Time'
"It's a good time to seek inflation protection," Craig Veysey, the head of fixed income at Sanlam Private Investments Ltd. in London, part of the Sanlam Group which oversees $72 billion of assets, said by phone Feb. 12. "Central banks, which for years have been trying to keep inflation at a relatively low level, now understand they need to do much more. I'm not saying inflation is likely to rise sharply. The market has not sufficiently priced in the risk."
U.S. consumer prices rose 1.6 percent in January from a year earlier, the Labor Department reported last week. Inflation averaged 2.5 percent over the past decade.
The Treasury sold $9 billion of 30-year TIPS Feb. 21. Indirect bidders, a gauge of demand from overseas buyers, bought 54.5 percent of the issue, the second-biggest share on record going back to 2001, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
Under Pressure
With economies still failing to shrink debt and grapple with above-average unemployment, growth and inflation are likely to stay subdued, according to Aaron Kohli, an interest-rate strategist in New York at BNP Paribas SA, one of 21 primary dealers that trade with the Fed. The U.S. economy contracted in the fourth quarter while Japan and the 17-nation euro area extended recessions.
"Break-even rates may come under pressure again if risk appetite falters," Anton Heese, the global head of inflation strategy at Morgan Stanley in London said by phone on Feb. 13. "My impression is that a lot of investors lack conviction on the recovery we are seeing at present. The output gap in the economy is still substantial. Therefore, there is potential for growth to pick up with inflation remaining subdued."
The Fed cut its benchmark overnight bank lending rate from 5.25 percent in September 2007 to a record low of zero to 0.25 percent in December 2008. It began buying $1.7 trillion in mortgages, Treasuries and agency debt to encourage new bank lending in 2008, followed by a $600 billion second round of Treasury purchases in November 2010. Operation Twist in September 2011 replaced $667 billion in short-term bonds with longer-maturity issues.
Fed Purchases
The central bank is now buying $85 billion of mortgages and Treasuries each month to underpin the economy and reduce the 7.9 percent unemployment rate. Its balance sheet topped $3 trillion for the first time last month.
Policy makers said in December they would hold interest rates at about zero so long as projected inflation stays at 2.5 percent or less and unemployment remains above 6.5 percent. The jobless rate was 7.9 percent in January, government data show.
Investors should buy TIPS because the Fed's policies will eventually fuel inflation, according to Bill Gross, co-chief investment officer at Pimco, which runs the world's biggest bond fund. "We're not inflationary hawks in 2013. We simply think because central banks are writing trillions of dollars worth of checks, ultimately that will produce the desired inflation they are targeting," he said in a telephone interview Friday.
International Linkers
Gross said he owns 10-year and 15-year TIPS that reflect inflation expectations for 2020 and 2025, as well as New Zealand and Mexican linkers. He sees U.S. inflation at 2 percent this year and 2.5 percent for the three years after that.
While the Bank of England's 2 percent inflation target was breached for the 38th consecutive month in January, Governor Mervyn King said Feb. 13 that central bank officials will keep encouraging growth. The latest minutes of its policy meeting, published Feb. 20, said further asset purchases "could help the process of rebalancing the economy."
The BOE said in July that the 200 billion pounds ($305 billion) spent on bond purchases from March 2009 to January 2010 increased output by as much as 2 percent and inflation by 1.5 percentage point.
In Japan, the central bank raised its inflation target to 2 percent in January from 1 percent. New Prime Minister Shinzo Abe campaigned on promises of more monetary stimulus and weakening the yen, which has dropped 17 percent against the dollar since Oct. 1, its worst performance over a similar period since 1985.
'Kitchen Sink'
"Central banks have made it even clearer they are not prepared to tolerate anything less than inflation," Neil Williams, chief economist at Hermes Fund Managers, which oversees $42 billion of assets, said in an interview Feb. 14. "That means they will throw a kitchen sink at it in terms of liquidity injections."
The value of global equities surged $6.5 trillion since mid-November, with the Standard & Poor's 500 index reaching a five-year high. The Stoxx Europe 600 Index rose 12 percent since European Central Bank President Mario Draghi pledged July 26 to do "whatever it takes" to safeguard the monetary union.
Several policy makers said the Fed should be ready to vary the pace of monthly bond purchases, according to the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee's Jan. 29-30 meeting. They review the program March 19-20.
"The Fed is more tolerant of higher inflation outcomes in order to work on the other side of their mandate" to cut unemployment, Michael Pond, head of global inflation-linked research in New York at primary dealer Barclays Plc, said by phone on Feb. 21. "Inflation-linked securities offer very cheap insurance because if the Fed is going to get it wrong, they are going to get it wrong on the side of leaving accommodation longer rather than risking removing it too early."
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What are the different game formats in ping-pong?
Versatile and adaptable, ping-pong has the benefit of being able to be played in different ways. Accessible in a traditional, individual and competitive game format or in a fun version for kids: there really is something for everyone! Ping-pong can be explored and reinvented at every level of the game. So how do you link amusement and a sporting activity and what are the game formats on offer?
For two to four players, what could be more enjoyable than a game of ping-pong? For beginners, amateurs or professionals, this game format appeals to the great majority. To play it under cover, opt for an indoor table, which can be adapted to the space available. Outdoor ping-pong tables are a lot more solid and hard-wearing and are geared up for dynamic play. Professionals can count on competition tables as a guarantee of sturdiness and stability.
The rules of the game
The first step consists of keeping a firm grip of your bat. Very popular in Asia, the penholder grip enables you to hold the handle of your bat in the same way as you would a pen. Meanwhile, the classic 'European' grip sees the player wrap the three lower fingers around the handle and grip the paddle with the thumb on one side and the index finger on the other. Opt for the grip, which feels most comfortable. In any case, make sure that your wrist is as mobile as possible. Your hand must be relaxed and loose to give your movements greater strength and precision. Once you're holding your bat, decide which person will be first to serve. You can choose between playing singles or doubles. In the first instance, you can hit the ball anywhere on the other side of the net.
If you're playing doubles, the first server is decided by the team, which has won the service and the opposing team then decides on the receiver. The server must serve into the right diagonal, which means that the ball must first bounce in the server's right-hand half of the table then on the receiver's right-hand half of the table. Next, each player must hit the ball in turn. The change of server then adopts the following sequence: the receiver becomes the server, and the server's partner becomes the receiver, and so on…
Continue your exchanges as many times as necessary, and above all, have fun! If you play a match, remember that the winner of a set is the person who wins the first three games. A game is won in 11 points. The winner needs to gain at least a 2-point lead over the opposing team.
Rotating ping-pong requires a minimum of three players. The players respectively position themselves either side of the table. The side with more players is the first to serve. The principle of the game is to hit the ball whilst circling around the table. When a player misses a ball, the latter lays his or her bat on the table. If a player still in the game bounces the ball on the bat, the eliminated player can rejoin the game. Once there are no more than two players, they get involved in a match to decide the winner.
Beer Pong is a game of skill relished by students during party nights. The idea is to throw a ping-pong ball into a glass cup filled with drink, which your opponents have to down. Essentially, each time the ball lands inside the cup, the opposing team has to drink its contents. The cups are positioned in a triangle on both sides of the ping-pong table and must be touching. The player designated to shoot keeps his or her elbow behind the edge of the table. It's possible to replace the cups at any point in the game. All you have to do is position the cups where they would have been if they hadn't slipped over. The team which manages to reach all the opposing team's cups wins the game. Opt for an outdoor ping-pong table, which is much more hard-wearing and suited to such 'boozy' leisure pursuits.
Ping-pong can be played by a single player, even if it's much more fun to play against real partners. As a result, a person on their own can also reap the physical and mental benefits of this activity. All our tables are designed to favour individual practice. They enable one half of the tabletop to be folded up vertically. In its raised position, the tabletop provides an opportunity for you to train by making the ball bounce back onto a flat, raised surface. The advantage of this form of practice is that you can get in some training whatever your level. In this way, you can adapt your speed and your movements according to your preferences.
Hitting balls back and forth for a long period is sometimes difficult for kids. Rather than creating frustration or irritation, why not offer some new game formats? There are a variety of really fun exercises that help to develop the child's dexterity to handle his or her bat!
The hoop game
The hoop game is entertainment at its finest. To begin with, place five hoops at different distances apart. The first hoop corresponds with the shooting area. The aim is to hit the ball from the shooting area into the second hoop, then into the third and so on till the last. Entertaining and fun, this game favours concentration and precision.
ball ping
The multi-ball game is ideal for older or more experienced children. Each player holds a ball. The designated player counts to three, then the two players serve at the same time and endeavour to keep both balls going back and forth for as long as possible. This constant exchange favours a sense of cooperation. Once there is just one ball in play, the two players become adversaries and battle it out till victory is achieved. The practice of ping-pong knows no bounds. Discover, try out and adopt game formats which you find most satisfying.


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Concreta 3
Compensation 20Compare
WORKABLE MATERIALS: Concrete / agglomerates
Achievable finishes:
Medium bushammering
Rotation speed:
Max 2.000 RPM
Tool diameter:
ø 200 mm
Technical documents:
Tool sheet IT-ENApplication:
Concreta Compensation 3/20 ø200 can be fixed on floor polishing machines for rough finishes| whose plate has a dimeter of 200mm. Different couplings are available depending on the type of polishing machine on which they have to be installed. Attach the tool to the polishing machine's hold plate| then work it like a normal polishing tool| according to the parameters in the instruction booklet.
Material removal is possible thanks to rollers that can be mounted to remove concrete in chips. With the achievable finishes| the best antiskid and slip resistance requirements are achieved even in wet conditions.
Contact us
For any further information about Concreta 3 Compensation 20 or our tools, where to find them and our services, including support, please contact us at any time by filling in this form and sending it to us


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• Flour (as much as you want)
• ½ cube of fresh yeast
• about ? cup (5 fl oz) water
• 2 teaspoons oil (and some oil to grease the bread)
Fresh from the oven: Rocio's bread recipe
1. "I mash half a cube of fresh yeast in a large bowl and then pour in a teacup of lukewarm water — you need about 5 fl oz.
2. Then I add two tablespoons of olive oil. If you want, you can also add some salt. We Majorcans tend not to, as we love unsalted bread in our pa amb oli.
3. Next, I gradually knead wheat flour into the yeast mixture until the dough is easy to form into a round shape. I then let the dough rest in a warm place until it has doubled in size. In the summer I put the bowl in the sun covered with a dry towel; in the winter I leave it by the fireplace in the finca — my bread dough grows wonderfully there.
4. When the dough has risen enough I knead it again and shape it into a nice even ball that I then place on a greased baking tray. To grease it, I use olive oil — no butter. Before my dough goes into the oven, I sprinkle it with flour. Sometimes I cut a few patterns into it with the knife, but mostly I leave the dough untouched so that a beautifully smooth crust forms during baking. I bake the bread at 180°C/350°F for about 30 minutes.
friends — tip: try adding nuts, dried tomatoes or olive pieces to your dough. Delicious!


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So Your Shipment Arrives in Good Shape
General Advice
The goods are to be packed in a way that tolerates customary transportation and handling. Furthermore, the goods must be packed and fastened onto a pallet that can be handled with a fork lift or manual fork wagon.
The shipper is responsible for all loss, damage and costs caused by insufficient or improper packing or marking of goods, including, but not limited to, damage to persons, property and the environment.
It is not necessary to use pallets for machinery and equipment that have their own handling basis or for shipments where special handling has been separately agreed.
Pallets & Groupage Do's
- Choose the size of the package according to its content. Under-filled boxes are likely to collapse; overloaded ones may burst.
- Always use high-quality materials for your shipment packing.
- Consider strength, cushioning, and durability when selecting your wrapping supplies.
- Choose boxes made of corrugated cardboard, with good quality outer liners.
- Use heavy-duty double-layered board for valuable items.
- Make use of cushioning materials, especially to stop your packaging contents from moving.
- Use strapping, if suitable, as a good way to seal and secure your box. Use strong tape if a strapping machine is not available.
- Ensure liquids are stored in leak-proof containers, packed with a lightweight, strong, internal material (for example, Styrofoam) and sealed with a plastic bag.
- Seal semi-liquids, greasy or strong-smelling substances with adhesive tape, then wrap in grease-resistant paper.
- Place powders and fine grains in strong plastic bags, securely sealed and then packed in a rigid fibre board box.
- Use "arrow-up" labels for non-solid materials.
- When re-using a box, remove all labels and stickers. Ensure that the box is in good shape and not worn out.
- Always remember that poor or wrong packaging may cause damage to surrounding items.
- The shipper must mark each package of the shipment with one address label and each pallet with two address labels. Labels must indicate the total number of packages included in the shipment.
- The marks indicating special instructions must be placed visibly onto each package and each pallet.
- The shipper is responsible for marking dangerous goods shipments as required by prevailing dangerous goods regulations.
- Do not use bags made of fabric or cloth.
- Do not over-seal your package. Remember that all shipments may be opened by customs authorities for inspection.
- Do not use cellophane tape or rope to seal your shipment.
- "Fragile" and "Handle with care" labels are no substitute for careful packaging! They are only appropriate for information purposes.
Part & Full Truck Loads
All the tips for pallets and groupage packaging mentioned above apply for part or full truck load shipments. Additional aspects have to be taken into consideration when ordering PTL or FTL transport.
- Consider organizing or asking DHL Freight to organize any additional security items needed for your transport, e.g. lashing straps or anti-slip mats.
* Please note that DHL does not take responsibility for these packing instructions.
Freight Connections
Discover the latest stories of DHL's road freight and customs experts.


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